iapt-platform
/
mint
mirror de https://github.com/iapt-platform/mint.git


			
				
					
						
						
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<p class="centered"> Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa</p>
<p class="book">Kaṅkhāvitaraṇīpurāṇa-ṭīkā</p>
<p class="subsubhead">Ganthārambhakathā</p>
<p class="gatha1">Buddhaṃ <a name="M0.0001"></a><a name="V0.0001"></a> dhammañca saṅghanti-ādinā yā pakāsitā;</p>
<p class="gatha2"><span class="bld">Bhadantabuddhaghosena,</span> mātikāṭṭhakathā subhā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tassā hi līnapadaṃ vi-kāsanakoyamārambho.</p>
<p class="subhead">Ganthārambhakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vippasannenā</span>ti <a name="V0.0002"></a> vividhappasannena. Kathaṃ? ‘‘Itipi so…pe… buddho bhagavā, svākkhāto…pe… viññūhi, suppaṭipanno…pe… lokassā’’ti (a. ni. 5.10) evamādinā. <span class="bld">‘‘Cetasā’’</span>ti vuttattā tīsu vandanāsu cetovandanā adhippetā. Tanninnatādivasena kāyādīhi paṇāmakaraṇaṃ <span class="bld">vandanā,</span> guṇavasena manasāpi tathāva karaṇaṃ <span class="bld">mānaṃ,</span> paccayappaṭipattiyādīhi pūjākaraṇaṃ <span class="bld">pūjā,</span> paccayādīnaṃ abhisaṅkharaṇaṃ sakkacca karaṇaṃ <span class="bld">sakkāro,</span> tesaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhājana</span>nti ādhāro, adhikaraṇaṃ vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Therā</span> mahākassapādayo, tesaṃ vaṃsoti <span class="bld">theravaṃso,</span> āgamādhigamasampadāya tassa vaṃsassa padīpabhūtāti theravaṃsappadīpā, tesaṃ <span class="bld">theravaṃsappadīpānaṃ</span>. Asaṃhīrattā <span class="bld">thirānaṃ</span>. <span class="bld">Vinayakkame</span>ti vinayapiṭake, ārambhānurūpavacanametaṃ. Suttābhidhammesupi te thirā eva. ‘‘Buddhaṃ dhammañca saṅghañca pubbācariyasīhānañcā’’ti avatvā kasmā visuṃ vuttanti ce? Payojanavisesadassanatthaṃ. Vatthuttayassa hi paṇāmakaraṇassa antarāyanivāraṇaṃ payojanaṃ <a name="M0.0002"></a> attano nissayabhūtānaṃ ācariyānaṃ paṇāmakaraṇassa upakāraññutādassanaṃ. Tena buddhañca dhammañca saṅghañca vanditvā, <span class="bld">ca</span>-saddena pubbācariyasīhānañca <span class="bld">namo</span> katvāti yojanā. Atha vā <span class="bld">‘‘vanditvā’’</span>ti cetovandanaṃ dassetvā tato <span class="bld">‘‘namo katvā’’</span>ti vācāvandanā, <span class="bld">‘‘katañjalī’’</span>ti kāyavandanāpi dassitāti yojetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni abhidhānappayojanaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pāmokkha’’</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">pāmokkha</span>nti padhānaṃ. Sīlañhi sabbesaṃ kusaladhammānaṃ padhānaṃ ādibhāvato. Yathā ca sattānaṃ khajjabhojjaleyyapeyyavasena catubbidhopi āhāro mukhena pavisitvā aṅgamaṅgāni pharati, evaṃ yoginopi cātubhūmakaṃ kusalaṃ sīlamukhena pavisitvā atthasiddhiṃ sampādeti. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘mukha’’</span>ntiādi. Atha vā <span class="bld">mukhanti</span> upāyo, tena <span class="bld">mokkhappavesāya</span> nibbānasacchikiriyāya mukhaṃ upāyoti attho. Mahesinā yaṃ pātimokkhaṃ pakāsitanti sambandho. Mahante sīlādikkhandhe esi gavesīti <span class="bld">mahesi</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sūratena nivātenā</span>ti ‘‘tattha katamaṃ soraccaṃ? Yo kāyiko avītikkamo’’tiādinā (dha. sa. 1349) sūratena, nīcavuttinā mānuddhaccavasena attānaṃ anukkhipanabhāvena nivātena. <span class="bld">Vinayācārayuttena</span> cārittavārittehi yuttena. ‘‘Soṇattherena yācito’’ti avatvā <span class="bld">‘‘sūratenā’’</span>tiādi <a name="V0.0003"></a> kasmā vuttaṃ, kiṃ dussīlena vā duṭṭhena vā alajjinā vā yācitena vaṇṇanā kātuṃ na vaṭṭatīti ce? Na na vaṭṭati. Therassa vacanaṃ paṭikkhipituṃ na sakkā, evarūpaguṇo therova, yācanavasena kattabbo ādarenāti dassetuṃ vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nāmenā</span>ti attano guṇanāmena. Saddalakkhaṇasubhato, vinicchayasubhato, viññeyyasubhato ca <span class="bld">subhaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="centered">Ganthārambhakathāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Nidānavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Āvikatā hissa phāsu hoti, tatthāyasmante pucchāmi…pe… tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti vatvā ‘‘uddiṭṭhaṃ kho āyasmanto nidāna’’ntiādinā nayena vuttaṃ. Ettheva yāvatatiyānusāvanakathāvasāne atha <a name="M0.0003"></a> kho uddesakāle ‘‘āvikatā hissa phāsu hotī’’ti vatvā ‘‘uddiṭṭhaṃ kho āyasmanto nidānaṃ. Tatthāyasmante pucchāmī’’tiādinā nayena āgataṃ. Uposathakkhandhakepi evameva āgataṃ. Tattha pubbe vuttaṃ pacchā āgatasuttena virujjhati. Tasmā yathā na virujjhati, tathā upaparikkhitvā gahetabbaṃ. Evaṃ na virujjhatīti eke. Kathaṃ? ‘‘Āvikatā hissa phāsu hotī’’ti vatvā ‘‘uddiṭṭhaṃ kho āyasmanto nidānaṃ. Tatthāyasmante pucchāmī’’tiādinā suuddiṭṭhaṃ hotīti etaṃ uddesalakkhaṇaṃ idhāpi khandhakepi vuttattā. Tasmā ‘‘phāsu hotī’’ti vatvā ‘‘tatthāyasmante pucchāmī’’ti vuttaṭṭhāne avuttampi ānetvā gahetabbaṃ. Kasmā? Idha nidānaṃ na dassitaṃ, uddeso uddesakāle uddisitabbalakkhaṇassa tattha vuttattā. Apica ‘‘nidānuddeso’’ti padaṃ uddharitvā nidānuddesaṃ dassetukāmopi ‘‘suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho…pe… āvikatā hissa phāsu hotī’’ti pāṭhavasena āgataṃ nidānaṃ niṭṭhāpetvā upari aṭṭhakathāvasena yojetabbaṃ pāḷiṃ idha yojetvā ‘‘tatthāyasmante pucchāmi…pe… dhārayāmī’’ti nidānapāḷiṃ paripuṇṇaṃ katvā puna ‘‘tattha nidānuddeso’’ti uddhaṭapadavasena saṅkhepato nidānuddesalakkhaṇaṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti vatvā ‘‘uddiṭṭhaṃ kho āyasmanto nidāna’’ntiādi vuttaṃ, tasmā evaṃ upari ca khandhake ca, atha kho uddesakāle ‘‘āvikatā hissa <a name="V0.0004"></a> phāsu hotī’’ti vatvā ‘‘uddiṭṭhaṃ kho āyasmanto nidānaṃ. Tatthāyasmante pucchāmī’’tiādi nidānuddesova dassito, na nidānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Savanāṇattivacananti</span> ettha saṅghanavakatarena vattuṃ ayuttanti ce? Yuttameva. ‘‘Pātimokkhuddesakena evaṃ vattabba’’nti bhagavatā vuttattā bhagavatova āṇatti, na uddesakassa. Idha navakataravasena vuttaṃ. Theropi pana uddisituṃ labhatīti dassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘therādhikaṃ pātimokkha’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. Iminā suttena navakataro na labhatīti ce? Taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yo tattha bhikkhū’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā catuvaggena ṭhapetvā upasampadāpavāraṇāabbhānāni sabbaṃ saṅghakammaṃ kātuṃ vaṭṭati, evaṃ ‘‘atirekavīsativaggena imaṃ nāma kammaṃ kātabba’’nti avatvā atirekavacanattā aññaṃ atthaṃ sūceti, kiṃ tanti <span class="bld">‘‘catuvaggādinā’’</span>tiādi. Tañhi tehi eva siddhaṃ. Kathaṃ? Catuvaggena upasampadāpavāraṇā…pe… vīsativaggena <a name="M0.0004"></a> na kiñci saṅghakammaṃ kātuṃ na vaṭṭatīti. Ettha ‘‘dasavaggena abbhānakammamattaṃ ṭhapetvā’’ti vadantena catupañcavaggena karaṇīyānipi dasavaggena kātuṃ anuññātāni. Tasmā atirekena vaṭṭatīti dīpitaṃ, ‘‘ṭhapetvā’’ti vacanena ūnatarena na vaṭṭatīti dīpitameva. Tasmā na vattabbaṃ atirekavīsativaggoti ce? Vattabbameva. Catupañcavaggena kattabbaṃ chasattaaṭṭhanavavaggena kātabbanti ca, dasavaggena kātabbaṃ ekādasadvādasa…pe… ekūnavīsativaggena kātabbanti ca dīpitaṃ. Ūnatarena na vaṭṭatīti dīpitaṃ pākaṭato. Sabbappakārena pana atirekavīsatianatirekavīsativagge vuttepi dīpitaṃ hotīti <span class="bld">vajirabuddhittherena</span> likhitaṃ. Ito paṭṭhāya ‘‘likhita’’nti vutte vajirabuddhittherenāti gahetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sace anuposathepi vaṭṭeyya, ‘‘uposathaṃ kareyyā’’ti na vadeyya, yasmā anuposathe kātuṃ na vaṭṭati, tasmā ‘‘ajjuposatho’’ti vatvā puna <span class="bld">‘‘uposathaṃ kareyyā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. ‘‘Pacchimakattikapuṇṇamā evā’’ti avadhāraṇaṃ tato paraṃ pavāraṇādivasassa natthitāya kataṃ. Uddhaṃ pakatiuposathe vuttena pakaticārittena saddhiṃ <span class="bld">idampi</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Nimittena nimittaṃ sambandhitvā’’</span>ti na vattabbaṃ ‘‘tividhasampattiyuttā’’ti vuttattāti ce? Vattabbameva. Kasmā? Tividhasampatti nāma nimittasampatti, parisāsampatti, kammavācāsampattītiādiṃ vatvā ‘‘nimittasampatti nāma pabbatanimittaṃ, pāsāṇanimitta’’ntiādi <a name="V0.0005"></a> vuttaṃ, na nimittena nimittasambandhanaṃ vuttaṃ. Apica ‘‘tividhasampattiyuttā’’ti sampayogaṅgesu dassetvā puna tameva pahānaṅgesu dassetuṃ ‘‘nimittena nimittaṃ sambandhitvā’’ti vuttaṃ. Nadisamuddajātassaresu sammatasīmāto kammāni na vipajjanti udakukkhepasīmattāti ‘‘vipattisīmāyo nāmā’’ti kasmā vuttāti ce? Sesalakkhaṇāni sampādetvā nadiyaṃ sīmāya baddhāya udakapariyantaṃ katvā sīmāgatattā puna taṃ nadiṃ anto katvā taḷāke kate sace tassā sīmāya kammaṃ kātuṃ vaṭṭeyya, sīmāto kammāni na vipajjeyyuṃ. Yasmā pana evaṃ kātuṃ na vaṭṭati, tasmā ‘‘udakukkhepasīmattā’’ti vuttaṃ akāraṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vīsativaggakaraṇīyattā saṅghakammassa kammārahena saddhiṃ <span class="bld">ekavīsati bhikkhū nisīdituṃ na sakkontī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ, sukhanisajjāvasena nisīditunti adhippāyo. ‘‘Parimaṇḍalākārena nisīditu’’nti aṭṭhakathāyaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Tiyojanaṃ atikkamitvā</span>ti majjhe ṭhatvā diyaḍḍhaṃ katvā tiyojanaṃ. Koṇato <a name="M0.0005"></a> hi koṇaṃ tiyojanaṃ atikkāmeti, āpattiñca āpajjati, sīmā ca asīmā hoti. <span class="bld">Kittetvā</span>ti nimittāni sampannānipi aññamaññanāmavipariyāyena, animittānaṃ nāmehi ca kittetvāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Rāsikataṃ paṃsupi rukkhesu jātesu <span class="bld">suddhapaṃsupabbato</span> hoti. <span class="bld">Guḷapiṇḍaparimāṇo</span> thūlatāya, na tulagaṇanāya. <span class="bld">Bhūmiyaṃ patiṭṭhito’’</span>ti iminā kuṭasarāvādīsu ropitaṃ paṭikkhipati, tato apanetvā pana taṅkhaṇampi bhūmiyaṃ ropito vaṭṭati. Navamūlasākhāniggamanaṃ pana akāraṇaṃ. Khandhaṃ chinditvā ropite pana etaṃ yujjati. <span class="bld">Sūcidaṇḍakappamāṇo</span> kaniṭṭhaṅguliparimāṇamatto. <span class="bld">‘‘Aṭṭhaṅgulubbedho’’</span>ti iminā ubbedho paricchinno hoti, <span class="bld">‘‘govisāṇamatto’’</span>ti iminā pariṇāho. ‘‘Evaṃ santepi govisāṇapariṇāhe paricchedo natthi, tasmā khuddakopi mahantopi vaṭṭati evāti vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Jātassare paripuṇṇameva udakaṃ nimittūpagaṃ disvā aparipuṇṇaṃ antarā ṭhitibhūtaṃ ‘‘jātassare sammatā’’ti vuttaṃ vipattiṃ na āpajjatīti ‘‘nadiyā sammatā, samudde sammatā, jātassare sammatā’’ti etthāpi loṇī na gahitā. <span class="bld">Baddhasīmaṃ vā nadisamuddajātassare vā anokkamitvā</span>ti etthāpi ‘‘nadiyā vā, bhikkhave, samudde vā jātassare vā’’ti (mahāva. 147) etthāpi na gahitā. Tasmā loṇī na abaddhasīmāti ce? Abaddhasīmāva. ‘‘Yopi nadiṃ vā samuddaṃ vā bhinditvā nikkhantaudakena kato sobbho etaṃ lakkhaṇaṃ pāpuṇāti, ayampi <a name="V0.0006"></a> jātassaroyevā’’ti (kaṅkhā. aṭṭha. nidānavaṇṇanā) vuttattā jātassaraggahaṇena gahitāti tattha tattha avuttā. ‘‘Yāvatikā tasmiṃ gāmakhette’’ti vuttattā aññampi gāmaṃ anto katvā samānasaṃvāsakasīmāsammannanakāle tasmiṃ gāme bhikkhū āgacchantu vā mā vā, vaṭṭati. Avippavāsasīmāsammannanakāle āgantabbameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Agamanapathesū</span>ti ettha ekadivasena gantvā paccāgantuṃ asakkuṇeyyaṭṭhāneti vadanti, baddhasīmābhāvaṃ paṭikkhipitvāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Samantā udakukkhepā’’</span>ti vuttattā sabbadisāsu gahetabbamevāti ce? Yato labbhati, tato gahetabbo ‘‘yasmiṃ padese pakativīciyo ottharitvā <a name="M0.0006"></a> saṇṭhahanti, tato paṭṭhāya kappiyabhūmi, tattha ṭhatvā uposathādikammaṃ kātuṃ vaṭṭatī’’ti vuttattā. Anubandho aḍḍhamāso <span class="bld">anvaḍḍhamāso,</span> aḍḍhamāsassa vā anu. <span class="bld">Yo pana kenaci</span> antamaso tiracchānenapi <span class="bld">khaṇitvā akatoti</span> adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Aññaṃ tattakaṃyeva paricchedaṃ anatikkamitvā ṭhitopi kammaṃ kopetī’’</span>ti vuttattā atikkamitvā ṭhito na kopetīti dīpitameva hotīti <span class="bld">upatissatthero,</span> taṃ pana ‘‘dvinnaṃ udakukkhepānaṃ antare añño eko udakukkhepo upacāratthāya ṭhapetabbo’’ti vacanena virujjhati. <span class="bld">Samantapāsādikāya</span>ñhi ‘‘aññaṃ tattakaṃyevā’’ti padaṃ natthi. Tasmā tassādhippāyo pariyesitabbo. Antoudakukkhepasīmāya upacāratthāya ṭhapitaṃ udakukkhepaparicchedaṃ anatikkamitvāti attho gahetabbo. Therena aññathā papañcitvā likhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Sabhāgavatthunā lahukāpatti’’</span>nti vuttattā sabhāgasaṅghādisesaṃ ārocetuṃ vaṭṭatīti ce? Na vaṭṭati desanāgāminiṃ sandhāya idha vuttattā. Tasmā eva <span class="bld">samuccayakkhandhake</span> ‘‘sabhāgasaṅghādisesaṃ āpannassa pana santike āvikātuṃ na vaṭṭati. Sace āvikaroti, āpatti āvikatā hoti, dukkaṭā pana na muccatī’’ti (cūḷava. aṭṭha. 102) vuttaṃ. Yathā saṅghena ‘‘suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho…pe… paṭikarissatī’’ti vatvā uposathaṃ kātuṃ labhati, evaṃ tīhi dvīhipi aññaṃ suddhaṃ passitvā ‘‘paṭikarissāmā’’ti vatvā uposathaṃ kātuṃ vaṭṭati. Ekenāpi ‘‘parisuddhaṃ labhitvā paṭikarissāmī’’ti ābhogaṃ katvā uposathaṃ kātuṃ vaṭṭatīti. Aṭṭhakathāyampi ‘‘sāmanto bhikkhu evamassa vacanīyoti ettha sabhāgo eva vattabbo. Visabhāgassa hi vuccamāne bhaṇḍanakalahasaṅghabhedādīnipi honti, tasmā tassa avatvā ito vuṭṭhahitvā <a name="V0.0007"></a> paṭikarissāmī’’ti ābhogaṃ katvā uposatho kātabboti andhakaṭṭhakathāyaṃ vutta’’nti vatvā tassa appaṭikkhittattā vaṭṭatīti dīpitameva. <span class="bld">‘‘Yadā aññaṃ suddhaṃ bhikkhuṃ anāpattikaṃ passissati, tadā tassa santike’’ti</span> vuttattā lahukasseva anuññātattā <span class="bld">samuccayakkhandhake</span> vuttattā sabhāgasaṅghādisesaṃ pana ñattiyā ārocetvā uposathaṃ kātuṃ na vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Devabrahmā <a name="M0.0007"></a> pana ‘‘tiracchānagato’’ti padaṃ ṭhapetvā yena kenaci padena asaṅgahitāpi iminā saṅgahitāti dassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yassa upasampadā paṭikkhittā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Cātumāsiniyaṃ pana pavāritānaṃ santike anupagatena vā chinnavassena vā vuṭṭhavassena vā’’ti avatvā <span class="bld">‘‘anupagatena vā chinnavassena vā’’</span>ti ettakameva vuttaṃ. Vuṭṭhavasso pana tasmiṃ kāle anupagatattā ‘‘anupagato’’ti saṅkhyaṃ gatoti. Sabbāya vuṭṭhitāya sabbe vuṭṭhahitvā gate sannipātetuṃ na sakkā, ekacce sannipātetvā pārisuddhiṃ ārocetuṃ vaṭṭatīti vadanti. Kasmā? Ñattiṃ ṭhapetvā kattabbasaṅghakammābhāvā vaggaṃ na hotīti. Pavāraṇāyapi eseva nayo. Ayañhettha viseso – sace purimikāya upagatehi pacchimikāya upagatā thokatarā ceva honti samasamā ca, saṅghapavāraṇāya ca gaṇaṃ pūrenti, saṅghapavāraṇāvasena ñatti ṭhapetabbāti. <span class="bld">‘‘Ekova bhikkhu hoti…pe… aññesaṃ anāgatabhāvaṃ ñatvā’’</span>ti vuttattā adhiṭṭhānuposathaṃ sīmaṃ pavisitvā kātuṃ na sakkāti vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Kiṃ saṅghassa pubbakicca’’</span>nti idaṃ na ñattiṃ ṭhapetvā vattabbaṃ. Tañhi ñattito puretarameva karīyati. Tasmā ‘‘suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho, kiṃ saṅghassa pubbakiccaṃ, yadi saṅghassa pattakalla’’nti vattabbaṃ siyāti. Tathāpi na vattabbaṃ. Na hi taṃ ñattiyā anto karīyatīti. Evaṃ sante netaṃ vattabbanti āpajjati payojanābhāvāti ce? Na, yathāgataṭṭhāne eva vattabbato, parapadāpekkhatāyāti vuttaṃ hoti. Idaṃ pubbakiccaṃ akatvā uposathakammaṃ karonto saṅgho, puggalo vā ṭhapanakkhettātikkame āpajjati. Tasmiñhi khette atikkante sammajjanādikaraṇe āpattimokkho na hoti uposathakammato pubbe kattabbakammākaraṇapaccayattā tassā āpattiyā. Na sā kammapariyosānāpekkhā etthāgatasampajānamusāvādāpatti viya, tasmā pātimokkhuddesako bhikkhu ‘‘pārisuddhiṃ āyasmanto ārocethā’’ti vattukāmo paṭhamameva pārisuddhāpārisuddhipaccayaṃ pubbakiccaṃ sarāpeti. Tañhi kataṃ pārisuddhipaccayo hoti, akataṃ apārisuddhipaccayo. Teneva ubhayāpekkhādhippāyena kataṃ, na katanti avatvā ‘‘kiṃ saṅghassa pubbakicca’’miccevāha. Tattha akatapakkhe tāva pārisuddhiārocanakkamanidassanatthaṃ parato <a name="M0.0008"></a> ‘‘yassa <a name="V0.0008"></a> siyā āpatti, so āvikareyyā’’ti ca, katapakkhe ‘‘asantiyā āpattiyā tuṇhī bhavitabba’’nti ca vakkhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Sabbantimena paricchedena catūhi bhikkhūhi sannipatitvā’’ti ca, ‘‘uposathakaraṇatthaṃ sannipatite saṅghe bahi…pe… adentena chando dātabbo’’ti ca vadanti. Asannipatitepi pana vaṭṭati. Idañhi chandadānasamayadassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Uposathakaraṇatthaṃ sannipatite saṅghe bahi uposathaṃ katvā āgatassa kattabbākāradassanatthañca vuttaṃ. Padhānagharavāsino padhānagharaṃ pavisitukāmā attano sabhāgabhikkhūnaṃ chandaṃ datvā sace saṅgho sannipatati, ‘‘mayhaṃ chando ārocetabbo’’ti vatvā padhānagharaṃ pavisanti. Ayaṃ sīhaḷadīpe payogo. Ārocentena pana sannipatite ārocetabbaṃ. Pañcasu bhikkhūsu ekasmiṃ vihāre vasantesu ekassa chandapārisuddhiṃ āharitvā catunnaṃ pātimokkhaṃ uddisituṃ anuññātattā sannipatite chando gahetabbo ārocetabboti vacanaṃ niratthakaṃ viya. ‘‘Theyyasaṃvāsako paṭijānātīti (mahāva. 165) vacanato sāmaṇerena āhaṭāpi vaṭṭati. Kammaṃ na kopetī’’ti ca, ‘‘sace pubbe chandaṃ datvā bahisīmāgato puna pavisati, pacchā chandaggahaṇakiccaṃ natthi, tassa payogo sīmāsammutivasena veditabbo’’ti ca ‘‘chandadāne tikkhattuṃ vacane idaṃ payojanaṃ – paṭhamaṃ samaggabhāvaṃ, dutiyaṃ pacchā vidhātabbabhāvaṃ, tatiyaṃ chandahārakassa dukkaṭamocanaṃ dīpetī’’ti (vajira. ṭī. mahāvagga 164) ca likhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Biḷālasaṅkhalikā</span>baddhāva hoti antogehe eva sampayojanattā, yathā sā na katthaci gacchati, tathā sāpi na katthaci gacchatīti adhippāyo. Itarathā visesanaṃ niratthakaṃ hotīti ācariyena gahitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Na hi taṃ akatvā uposathaṃ kātuṃ vaṭṭatī’’ti pubbe dassitattā ‘‘idampi hi ubhaya’’nti kasmā vuttanti ce? Sesāni therena āṇattena kātabbāni dassitāni, ime pana dve therena vā pātimokkhuddesakena vā ñattiṭṭhapanakena vā yena vā tena vā kātabbānīti ca, sammajjanādīni tattha tattha tādisāni payojanāni nipphādenti, ime pana dve tattha tattha na kiñci kammaṃ sādhenti, tasmā ‘‘kiṃ iminā’’ti avatvā kātabbamevāti dassetuñca <span class="bld">‘‘idampi hi ubhaya’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Āyasmantānaṃ pāde vandatī’’</span>ti <a name="M0.0009"></a> gaṇavasena vatvā puggalavasena na vuttaṃ tena ārocetabbassa aññassa abhāvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saṅghassa uddiṭṭhaṃ hotī</span>ti saṅghena uddiṭṭhaṃ hotīti attho. <span class="bld">Samaggassa hi saṅghassā</span>ti ettha samaggabhāvassa kāyasāmaggikāraṇattā natthi dosoti ce? Taṃ na, uddesepi savanepi samaggabhāvassa <a name="V0.0009"></a> icchitabbattā. ‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante’’ti hi iminā cittasāmaggiṃ dīpeti savane sabbehi ekībhūtabhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sañcicca āpattiṃ āpajjatī</span>ti ettha anādariyavasena āpajjanto eva alajjī hoti, na itaroti. <span class="bld">Āpattiṃ parigūhatī</span>ti ettha lajjāya parigūhanto alajjī na hoti, ‘kiṃ iminā’ti anādariyavasena parigūhanto hotī’’ti ca likhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Sattannaṃ āpattikkhandhāna’’</span>nti na vattabbaṃ, ‘‘channa’’nti vattabbanti ce? Sattannamevāti vattabbaṃ. Pārājikāpattiṃ āpanno hi sace attano sāpattikabhāvaṃ pakāseti, saṅghassa ca uposatho sampajjati, tassa ca gihibhāvena vā sāmaṇerabhāvena vā suddhi hotīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekacce ācariyā</span> nāma dhammabhāriko kira ācariyo. Kasmā evaṃ vuttanti ce? <span class="bld">Yāvatatiyānusāvanā</span> nāma tikkhattuṃ vacanaṃ. Tathā pāṭhe anāgatattā kevalaṃ ‘‘yāvatatiyaṃ anusāvita’’nti padameva disvā <span class="bld">‘‘yassa siyā āpatti, so āvikareyyā’’</span>ti idaṃ ‘‘sace āpattiṃ āpannā, āvikarothā’’ti imamatthaṃ dīpeti. <span class="bld">‘‘Asantiyā āpattiyā tuṇhī bhavitabba’’</span>nti idampi tamevatthaṃ dīpeti. <span class="bld">‘‘Tuṇhībhāvena kho panāyasmante parisuddhāti vedissāmī’’</span>ti idampi tamevāti evamatthaṃ gahetvā vuttaṃ kira.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Apare</span>ti atthadassitthero kira. <span class="bld">Etaṃ sandhāyā</span>ti ettha ‘‘sakimpi anusāvita’’nti padassa vacanena tikkhattuṃ anusāvanā kātabbāti ettakameva dīpitaṃ viya dissati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Imamatthaṃ sandhāya vutta</span>nti kathaṃ viññāyatīti ce? <span class="bld">‘‘Ayamettha ācariyaparamparābhato vinicchayo’’</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Saramānenā’’</span>ti <a name="M0.0010"></a> iminā sampajānamusāvādassa sacittakattaṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Saṅghamajjhe vā</span>tiādi lakkhaṇavacanaṃ kira. Saṅghuposathakaraṇatthaṃ saṅghamajjhe ce nisinno, tasmiṃ saṅghamajjhe āvikātabbā. Gaṇuposathakaraṇatthañce gaṇamajjhe nisinno, tasmiṃ gaṇamajjhe. Ekasseva santike ce pārisuddhiuposathaṃ kattukāmo, tasmiṃ ekapuggale āvikātabbāti, etena na kevalaṃ saṅghamajjhe evāyaṃ musāvādo sambhavati, atha kho ettha vuttalakkhaṇena asatipi ‘‘pārisuddhiṃ āyasmanto ārocethā’’tiādividhāne gaṇuposathepi sāpattiko hutvā uposathaṃ <a name="V0.0010"></a> kattukāmo anārocetvā tuṇhībhūtova ce karoti, ayaṃ sampajānamusāvādāpattiṃ āpajjatīti imassatthassa āvikaraṇato lakkhaṇavacanaṃ kiretanti vuttanti takkikā. Aññathā ‘‘gaṇamajjhe vā’’ti na vattabbanti tesaṃ adhippāyo. Ārocanādhippāyavasena vuttanti ācariyassa takko. Ārocento hi ‘‘saṅghassa ārocemī’’ti adhippāyena āvikaronto saṅghamajjhe āvikaroti nāma, ubhatopasse nisinnānaṃ ārocento gaṇamajjhe āvikaroti nāma, ‘‘ekasseva ārocessāmī’’ti adhippāyena āvikaronto ekapuggale āvikaroti nāma. <span class="bld">Sacepi vematiko hoti…pe… paṭikarissāmī</span>ti evaṃ kate yāva vematiko hoti, tāva sabhāgāpattiṃ paṭiggahetuṃ labhati, aññesañca kammānaṃ parisuddho nāma hoti. Puna nibbematiko hutvā desetabbaṃ vā na vāti neva pāḷiyaṃ, na aṭṭhakathāyaṃ atthi, desite pana doso natthi. Tathā <span class="bld">ito vuṭṭhahitvā taṃ āpattiṃ paṭikarissāmī</span>ti ettha ca sakalasaṅghe sabhāgāpattiṃ āpanne, vematike cāti likhitaṃ (vajira. ṭī. mahāvagga 169-170).</p>
<p class="centered">Nidānavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter">Pārājikakaṇḍaṃ</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Paṭhamapārājikavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idha <a name="M0.0011"></a><a name="V0.0011"></a> pana ṭhatvā sikkhāpadānaṃ kamabhedo pakāsetabbo. Kathaṃ – sabbasikkhāpadānaṃ yathāsambhavaṃ desanākkamo, pahānakkamo, paṭipattikkamo, uppattikkamoti catubbidho kamo labbhati. Tattha bhagavatā rājagahe bhikkhūnaṃ pātimokkhuddesaṃ anujānantena pātimokkhuddesassa yo desanākkamo anuññāto, taṃ desanākkamaṃ anukkamantova mahākassapo paṭhamaṃ pārājikuddesaṃ pucchi, tadanantaraṃ saṅghādisesuddesaṃ, tadanantaraṃ aniyatuddesaṃ, tadanantaraṃ vitthāruddesaṃ. Tadanantaraṃ bhikkhunivibhaṅgañca teneva anukkamena pucchi. Tato paraṃ tayo āpattikkhandhe saṅgahetuṃ vinā gaṇanaparicchedena sekhiyadhamme pucchi. Āpattikkhandhe sabhāgato paṭṭhāya pucchanto vīsatikhandhake pucchi. Nidānuddesantogadhānaṃ vā sarūpena anuddiṭṭhānaṃ pucchanatthaṃ khandhake pucchi. Etena khandhake paññattā thullaccayāpi saṅgahitā honti. Pucchitānukkameneva āyasmā upālitthero byākāsi. Ayamettha <span class="bld">desanākkamo</span>. Ubhatovibhaṅgakhandhakato pana uccinitvā tadā parivāro visuṃ pāḷi kato, imameva vacanaṃ sandhāya aṭṭhakathāyaṃ vuttaṃ ‘‘eteneva upāyena khandhakaṃ parivārepi āropayiṃsū’’tiādi (pārā. aṭṭha. 1.paṭhamamahāsaṅgaītikathā). Apica pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘eteneva upāyena ubhatovibhaṅge pucchi. Puṭṭho puṭṭho āyasmā upāli vissajjesī’’ti (cūḷava. 439) ettakameva vuttaṃ. Tasmā thero ubhatovibhaṅge eva pucchi. Vissajjanto pana āyasmā upāli niravasesaṃ dassento khandhakaparivāre anto katvā desesi. Gaṇasajjhāyakāle pana tadā khandhakaparivārā visuṃ pāḷi katāti ayamettha <span class="bld">desanākkamo</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadi evaṃ nidānuddeso paṭhamadesanāti ce? Na, uposathakkhandhake (mahāva. 133) ‘‘yāni mayā bhikkhūnaṃ sikkhāpadāni paññattāni, tāni nesaṃ pātimokkhuddesaṃ anujāneyya’’nti <a name="V0.0012"></a> vacanato, ‘‘yassa siyā āpattī’’ti (mahāva. 134) vacanato ca. Akusalābyākatānaṃ āpattīnaṃ diṭṭhadhammasamparāyikāsavaṭṭhāniyattā yathābhūtaṃ sīlasaṃvarakena parivajjanena pahātabbattā <span class="bld">pahānakkamo</span>pettha sambhavati ‘‘tāvadeva cattāri akaraṇīyāni ācikkhitabbānī’’ti <a name="M0.0012"></a> vacanato. Tathā ‘‘samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesū’’ti (ma. ni. 3.75; vibha. 508) vacanato yathābhūtaṃ ācikkhanasikkhanena <span class="bld">paṭipattikkamo</span>pi sambhavati. Yathuddesakkamaṃ pariyāpuṇitabbapariyattiatthenāpi paṭipattikkamo, evamimehi tīhi kamehi desetabbānametesaṃ sikkhāpadānaṃ yathāsambhavaṃ <span class="bld">uppattikkamo</span> sambhavati. Tathā hi yaṃ yaṃ sādhāraṇaṃ, taṃ taṃ bhikkhuṃ ārabbha uppanne eva vatthusmiṃ ‘‘yā pana bhikkhunī chandaso methunaṃ dhamma’’ntiādinā nayena bhikkhunīnampi paññattaṃ. Yato bhikkhunīnaṃ taṃ anuppannapaññatti na siyā, tato anuppannapaññatti tasmiṃ natthīti (pari. 201-202) parivāravacanaṃ na virujjhati. Ettāvatā purimena kamattayena yaṃ paṭhamaṃ desetabbaṃ, taṃ pārājikuddese paṭhamuppannattā methunadhammapārājikaṃ sabbapaṭhamaṃ desetukāmo āyasmā upālitthero ‘‘tatra sudaṃ bhagavā vesāliyaṃ viharatī’’ti (pārā. 23) vesāliyameva pāpetvā ṭhapesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni sabbesaṃ sikkhāpadānaṃ paññāpanavidhānaṃ veditabbaṃ. Kathaṃ? ‘‘Evañca pana, bhikkhave, imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddiseyyāthā’’ti (pārā. 39, 43) evaṃ sauddesaanuddesabhedato duvidhaṃ. Tattha pātimokkhe sarūpato āgatā pañca āpattikkhandhā <span class="bld">sauddesapaññatti</span> nāma. Sāpi dvidhā sapuggalāpuggalaniddesabhedato. Tattha yassā paññattiyā anto āpattiyā saha, vinā vā puggalo dassito, sā <span class="bld">sapuggalaniddesā</span>. Itarā <span class="bld">apuggalaniddesā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha sapuggalaniddesā dvidhā adassitadassitāpattibhedato. Tattha <span class="bld">adassitāpattikā</span> nāma aṭṭha pārājikā dhammā veditabbā. ‘‘Pārājiko hoti asaṃvāso’’ti (pārā. 39, 44, 89, 91, 167, 171, 195, 197) hi puggalova tattha dassito, nāpatti. <span class="bld">Dassitāpattikā</span> nāma bhikkhunipātimokkhe āgatā sattarasa saṅghādisesā dhammā. ‘‘Ayampi bhikkhunī paṭhamāpattikaṃ dhammaṃ āpannā nissāraṇīyaṃ saṅghādisesa’’nti (pāci. 683, 687) hi tattha āpatti dassitā saddhiṃ puggalena.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā apuggalaniddesāpi adassitadassitāpattibhedato dvidhā. Tattha <span class="bld">adassitāpattikā</span> nāma sekhiyā dhammā. Vuttāvasesā <span class="bld">dassitāpattikā</span>ti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sāpi <a name="M0.0013"></a><a name="V0.0013"></a> dvidhā aniddiṭṭhakārakaniddiṭṭhakārakabhedato. Tattha <span class="bld">aniddiṭṭhakārakā</span> nāma sukkavisaṭṭhimusāvādomasavādapesuññabhūtagāmaaññavādakaujjhāpanakagaṇabhojanaparamparabhojanasurāmerayaaṅgulipatodakahasadhammaanādariyatalaghātakajatumaṭṭhakasikkhāpadānaṃ vasena pañcadasavidhā honti. Tattha niddiṭṭhakārake missāmissabhedo veditabbo – tattha upayogabhummavibhattiyo ekaṃsena <span class="bld">missā</span>. Avasesā <span class="bld">missā ca amissā</span> ca. Seyyathidaṃ – <span class="bld">paccattaṃ</span> tāva dvīsu aniyatesu upayogena missaṃ, dvādasasu pāṭidesanīyesu karaṇena missaṃ, ūnapañcabandhanapattasikkhāpadesu sāmikaraṇehi, ūnavīsativasse bhummena, mohanake upayogasāmibhummehi. Yasmā ‘‘vivaṇṇaka’’nti bhāvo adhippeto, na kattā, tasmā vivaṇṇakasikkhāpadaṃ yadā na sambhavati, evaṃ paccattaṃ pañcavidhaṃ missaṃ hoti. Sesesu paṭhamāniyataṃ ṭhapetvā ādimhi ‘‘yo pana bhikkhū’’ti evamāgataṃ paccattaṃ vā, dutiyāniyataṃ ṭhapetvā paṇītabhojanasamaṇuddesatatiyacatutthapāṭidesanīyasikkhāpadesu majjhe ‘‘yo pana bhikkhū’’ti evamāgataṃ paccattaṃ vā, dubbacakuladūsakasaṃsaṭṭhasikkhāpadesu ādimhi kevalaṃ ‘‘bhikkhū’’ti āgataṃ paccattaṃ vā, bhedānuvattakasikkhāpade majjhe āgataṃ paccattaṃ vā aññāya vibhattiyā amissameva hoti. Tattha bhedānuvattakatuvaṭṭanadvayasaṃsaṭṭhadutiyapāṭidesanīyasikkhāpadesu bahuvacanaṃ, itarattha sabbattha ekavacanamevāti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā <span class="bld">upayogo</span> dvīsu vikappanasikkhāpadesu, tantavāyasikkhāpade ca paccattena misso, abhihaṭasikkhāpade karaṇena, rājasikkhāpade karaṇasāmipaccattehīti upayogo tidhā misso hoti. <span class="bld">Karaṇa</span>ñca kuṭikāramahallakadutiyakathinadvebhāganisīdanasanthatadubbaṇṇakaraṇasikkhāpadesu chasu paccattena missaṃ, paṭhamatatiyakathinaaṭṭhaṅgulapādakanisīdanakaṇḍuppaṭicchādikavassikasāṭikaudakasāṭikadvedhammapaccāsīsanasikkhāpadesu aṭṭhasu sāminā missanti karaṇaṃ dvidhā missaṃ hoti. Avasesesu chabbassavassikasāṭikadvatticchadanāvasathapiṇḍamahānāmagarulahupāvuraṇasikkhāpadesu sattasu karaṇavibhatti aññavibhattiyā amissā, accekaeḷakalomasikkhāpadesu sāmivibhatti karaṇavibhattiyā missā. Atirekapattabhesajjasikkhāpadesu aggahitaggahaṇena sāmivibhatti amissāva hotīti veditabbā. Evaṃ tāva niddiṭṭhakārakesu sikkhāpadesu –</p>
<p class="gatha1">Pañcadhā <a name="M0.0014"></a> ca tidhā ceva, dvidhā cepi tathekadhā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Bhinnā vibhattiyo pañca, sabbekādasadhā siyuṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ <a name="V0.0014"></a> tāva yathāvuttesu sauddesapaññattisaṅkhātesu sikkhāpadesu aggahitaggahaṇena paññāsuttaresu tisatesu navutianiddiṭṭhakārake vajjetvā niddiṭṭhakārakāni atirekasaṭṭhidvisatāni honti. Tesu paccattakaraṇāni tiṃsuttarāni dvisatāni honti. Tesu amissapaccattakaraṇāni dvādasuttarāni dvisatāni, missapaccattakaraṇāni aṭṭhārasa honti. Avasesesu tiṃsatiyā sikkhāpadesu missopayogakaraṇāni pañca honti, missakaraṇāni cuddasa, amissāni satta, missāmissakaraṇāni dve, amissāni dveti sabbesupi niddiṭṭhakārakesu bhedānuvattakadubbacakuladūsakapaṭhamadutiyatatiyakathinaabhihaṭakuṭikāramahallakavikappanadvayadvebhāgachabbassanisīdanasanthataeḷakalomātirekapattabhesajjavassikasāṭikatantavāyaaccekachārattadva pañcattiṃsesu ‘‘yo pana bhikkhū’’ti natthi. Dutiyāniyatapaṇītabhojanasamaṇuddesatatiyacatutthapāṭidesanīyesu majjhe atthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettāvatā sauddesānuddesadukaṃ, sapuggalāpuggalaniddesadukaṃ, paccekadassitāpattidukadvayaṃ, aniddiṭṭhakārakadukaṃ, tattha niddiṭṭhakārakesu paccattabhummadukaṃ, sayopanāyopanadukaṃ, ayopanamajjheyopanadukaṃ, ekānekavacanadukanti nava dukāni dassitāni honti. Visesakāraṇaṃ tasmiṃ tasmiṃ sikkhāpade sampatte āvibhavissati. Evaṃ tāva sauddesapaññattiṃ ñatvā sesavinayapiṭake yā kāci paññatti anuddesapaññattīti veditabbā. Sā padabhājanantarāpattivinītavatthupaṭikkhepapaññattiavuttasiddhisikkhāpadavasena chabbidhā hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha ‘‘yebhuyyena khayite āpatti thullaccayassa (pari. 157-158), vaṭṭakate mukhe acchupantassa āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti (pārā. 73) evamādikā padabhājane sandissamānāpatti <span class="bld">padabhājanasikkhāpadaṃ</span> nāma. ‘‘Na ca, bhikkhave, sabbamattikāmayā kuṭi kātabbā, yo <a name="M0.0015"></a> kareyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’tiādi (pārā. 85) <span class="bld">antarāpattisikkhāpadaṃ</span> nāma. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, divāpaṭisallīyantena dvāraṃ saṃvaritvā paṭisallīyitu’’nti (pārā. 77) evamādi <span class="bld">vinītavatthusikkhāpadaṃ</span> nāma. ‘‘Saṅghabhedako, bhikkhave, anupasampanno na upasampādetabbo’’ti (mahāva. 115) evamādi <span class="bld">paṭikkhepasikkhāpadaṃ</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā pana tena tena paṭikkhepena ‘‘yo pana bhikkhu samaggaṃ saṅghaṃ adhammasaññī bhindeyya, pārājiko hoti asaṃvāso. Yo pana bhikkhu duṭṭhacitto bhagavato jīvamānakasarīre lohitaṃ <a name="V0.0015"></a> uppādeyya, pārājiko hoti asaṃvāso’’ti sikkhāpadāni paññattāni honti. Yāni sandhāya ‘‘ekassa chejjakā hoti, catunnaṃ thullaccayaṃ, catunnañceva anāpatti, sabbesaṃ ekavatthukā’’ti vuttaṃ. ‘‘Atthāpatti tiṭṭhante bhagavati āpajjati, no parinibbute’’ti (pari. 323) ca vuttaṃ. Tena na kevalaṃ ‘‘na, bhikkhave, jānaṃ saṅghabhedako anupasampanno upasampādetabbo…pe… āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti idameva sikkhāpadaṃ paññattaṃ hoti sādhakaṃ hoti. ‘‘Paṇḍako, bhikkhave, anupasampanno na upasampādetabbo, upasampanno nāsetabbo’’ti (mahāva. 109) evamādīsu pana upajjhāyādīnaṃ dukkaṭameva paññattaṃ, na paṇḍakādīnaṃ pārājikāpatti. Na hi tesaṃ bhikkhubhāvo atthi. Yato siyā pārājikāpatti. Tathā ‘‘na acchinne theve pakkamitabba’’nti (mahāva. 66, 67, 78, 79) evamādikañca <span class="bld">paṭikkhepasikkhāpada</span>meva nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Khandhakesu paññattadukkaṭathullaccayāni <span class="bld">paññattisikkhāpadaṃ</span> nāma. ‘‘Tena hi, sāriputta, bhedānuvattake thullaccayaṃ desāpehī’’ti (cūḷava. 345) vuttaṃ, thullaccayampi tattheva samodhānaṃ gacchati. Idaṃ tesaṃ vibhattikammakkhaṇe apaññattattā avijjamānampi bhagavato vacanena visuddhakkhaṇepi vijjamānaṃ jātanti eke. ‘‘Bhedānuvattake desāpehī’’ti vacanato sesabhedānuvattakānaṃ ‘‘yo pana bhikkhu jānaṃ saṅghabhedakānaṃ anuvatteyya, āpatti thullaccayassā’’ti sikkhāpadaṃ paññattaṃ hotīti veditabbaṃ. Tathā sabbāni khandhakavattāni, vinayakammāni ca tattheva samodhānaṃ gacchanti. Yathāha ‘‘paññatte taṃ upāli mayā āgantukānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ āgantukavattaṃ…pe… evaṃ supaññatte kho mayā upāli sikkhāpade’’tiādi. ‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī naccaṃ vā gītaṃ vā vāditaṃ vā dassanāya gaccheyya<a name="M0.0016"></a>, pācittiya’’nti (pāci. 834) iminā suttena bhikkhunī nacceyya vā gāyeyya vā vādeyya vā, pācittiyanti evamādikaṃ yaṃ kiñci aṭṭhakathāya dissamānaṃ āpattijātaṃ vinayakammaṃ vā <span class="bld">avuttasiddhisikkhāpadaṃ</span> nāma. Chabbidhampetaṃ chahi ākārehi uddesārahaṃ na hotīti <span class="bld">anuddesasikkhāpadaṃ</span> nāmāti veditabbaṃ. Seyyathidaṃ – pañcahi uddesehi yathāsambhavaṃ visabhāgattā thullaccayadubbhāsitānaṃ sabhāgavatthukampi dukkaṭathullaccayadvayaṃ asabhāgāpattikattā antarāpattipaññattisikkhāpadānaṃ, nānāvatthukāpattikattā paṭikkhepasikkhāpadānaṃ, kesañci vinītavatthupaññattisikkhāpadānañca adassitāpattikattā, adassitavatthukattā bhedānuvattakathullaccayassa, adassitāpattivatthukattā avuttasiddhisikkhāpadānanti. Ettāvatā ‘‘duvidhaṃ sikkhāpadapaññāpanaṃ sauddesānuddesabhedato’’ti yaṃ vuttaṃ, taṃ samāsato pakāsitaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paññattiyaṃ <a name="V0.0016"></a> tāva –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Kārako idha niddiṭṭho, apekkhāya abhāvato;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Pubbe vattabbavidhānā-bhāvato ca ādito yopanena sahā’’ti. –</p>
<p class="unindented">Ayaṃ nayo veditabbo. Tassattho – ye te aniddiṭṭhakārakā pubbe vuttappabhedā sukkavisaṭṭhiādayo sikkhāpadavisesā, tesu adhippāyakammavatthupuggalapayoge apekkhāya bhāvato kārako na niddiṭṭho tesaṃ sāpekkhabhāvadassanatthaṃ. Taṃ sabbaṃ tasmiṃ tasmiṃ sikkhāpade āvibhavissati, <span class="bld">idha</span> pana pārājikapaññattiyaṃ <span class="bld">apekkhāya abhāvato kārako niddiṭṭho</span>. Yo pana kārako ‘‘niṭṭhitacīvarasmiṃ bhikkhunā ubbhatasmi’’ntiādīsu (pārā. 462, 472, 475) viya <span class="bld">pubbe vattabbavidhānābhāvato</span> karaṇādivasena aniddisitvā paccattavasena niddiṭṭho apekkhāya abhāvato. Tattha niddisiyamāno sesadutiyāniyatapaṇītabhojanaṃ samaṇuddesatatiyacatautthapāṭidesanīyesu viya majjhe aniddisitvā ‘‘na heva kho pana…pe… obhāsitu’’ntiādi (pārā. 453) viya pubbe vattabbavidhānābhāvato eva ādimhi niddiṭṭho. Ādimhi niddisiyamānopi pubbe vuttappabhedesu bhedānuvattakādīsu pañcattiṃsesu sikkhāpadesu viya aniddisitvā pubbe vattabbavidhānābhāvato eva ‘‘yo pana bhikkhū’’tiāditova <span class="bld">yopana</span>-saddena saha <a name="M0.0017"></a> niddiṭṭho. Evaṃ niddisiyamānopi so yasmā ‘‘yā pana bhikkhuniyo dve ekamañce tuvaṭṭeyyu’’ntiādi (pāci. 933) āpatti viya parappabhavaṃ āpattiṃ na āpajjati, tasmā ‘‘yo pana bhikkhū’’ti ekavacanena niddiṭṭho. Methunadhammāpattipi parappabhavā ‘‘dvayaṃdvayasamāpattī’’ti (pārā. 39) vacanatoti ce? Taṃ na, adhippāyajānanato. Anekissā eva bhikkhuniyā āpatti, na ekissāti niyamo tattha atthi, na evaṃ idha niyamoti aniyamitādhippāyo. Lambīmudupiṭṭhīnaṃ kuto ‘‘dvayaṃdvayasamāpattī’’ti (pārā. 55) vacanato tesaṃ methunadhammāpatti. Ayamattho catasso methunadhammapaccayāti aṭṭhavatthukaṃ sandhāya ‘‘chejjaṃ siyā methunadhammapaccayā’’ti (pari. 481) ca parivāre vuttavacanena sādhetabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bhedānuvattakasikkhāpade tiṇṇaṃ uddhaṃ na samanubhāsitabbā, na saṅghena saṅghaṃ ekato kātabbanti. Nayadassanatthaṃ āditova ‘‘bhikkhū hontī’’ti bahuvacananiddesaṃ katvā puna ‘‘eko vā dve vā tayo vā’’ti (pārā. 418) vuttaṃ, aññathā na tato uddhaṃ ‘‘anuvattakā hontī’’ti āpajjati. Tato nidānavirodho. Pañcasatamattā hi tadanuvattakā ahesuṃ. Yaṃ pana <span class="bld">sattasatikakkhandhake</span> ‘‘saṅgho cattāro pācīnake bhikkhū, cattāro pāveyyake bhikkhū sammanneyya <a name="V0.0017"></a> …pe… sammatā’’tiādi (cūḷava. 456) ñattidutiyakammaṃ vuttaṃ, taṃ ‘‘ubbāhikāya imaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasametu’’nti vuttattā tehi kattabbavidhānaṃ. Sammutikaraṇameva vā tatiyaṃ katvā kappati. Na hi te tena kammena kammārahā kammakatā honti. Yassa saṅgho kammaṃ karoti, so kammārahoti lakkhaṇaṃ. Na ca tadā saṅgho tesaṃ aṭṭhannampi bhikkhūnaṃ kammaṃ akāsi. Bhajāpiyamānā te kammapattabhāvaṃ bhajanti. Adhikaraṇavūpasamakammassa pattā yuttā saṅghena katāti katvā kammapattā eva hi te honti. ‘‘Te bhikkhū bhikkhūhi yāvatatiyaṃ samanubhāsitabbā tassa paṭinissaggāyā’’ti (pārā. 418) vacanato tehi kattabbavidhānaṃ. Sammutikaraṇameva kammaṃ hotīti ce? Taṃ na, adhippāyajānanato, tassa paṭinissaggāya eva te bhikkhū kammārahā kātabbā, na dosāgativasenāti ayamettha adhippāyo. Na hi pācīnakādīnaṃ sammutiyā adhikaraṇavūpasamasiddhi viya tesaṃ samanubhāsanakammena tassa paṭinissaggasiddhi hoti, sammuti nāmesā <a name="M0.0018"></a> paṭhamaṃ anumatiṃ gahetvā yācitvāva karīyati, na tathā kammanti. Kammakaraṇe pana tadatthasiddhi hotiyeva. Parasammutiyā bahutarāva sammannitabbāti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Methunadhamma’’nti evaṃ bāhullanayena laddhanāmakaṃ sakapayogena vā parapayogena vā attano nimittassa sakamagge vā paramagge vā paranimittassa vā sakamagge eva pavesanapaviṭṭhaṭṭhitauddharaṇesu yaṃ kiñci ekaṃ paṭisādiyanavasena seveyya, pārājiko hoti asaṃvāsoti. Keci pana ‘‘pavesanādīni cattāri vā tīṇi vā dve vā ekaṃ vā paṭiseveyya, pārājiko hoti. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘so ce pavesanaṃ sādiyati, paviṭṭhaṃ sādiyati, ṭhitaṃ sādiyati, uddharaṇaṃ sādiyati, āpatti pārājikassā’tiādī’’ti (pārā. 58) vadanti. Tesaṃ matena catūsupi catasso pārājikāpattiyo āpajjati. Teyeva evaṃ vadanti – āpajjatu methunadhammapārājikāpatti, methunadhammapārājikāpattiyā taṃbhāgiyāti attano vītikkame pārājikāpattiyo, saṅghādisesāpattiñca āpajjitvā sikkhaṃ paccakkhāya gahaṭṭhakāle methunādikaṃ pārājikaṃ āpajjitvā puna pabbajitvā upasampajjitvā ekaṃ saṅghādisesāpattiṃ ekamanekaṃ vā paṭikaritvāva so puggalo yasmā nirāpattiko hoti, tasmā so gahaṭṭhakāle sāpattikovāti. Antimavatthuajjhāpannassāpi attheva āpatti. Vuṭṭhānadesanāhi pana asujjhanato ‘‘payoge payoge āpatti pārājikassā’’ti na vuttaṃ. Gaṇanapayojanābhāvato kiñcāpi na vuttaṃ, atha kho padabhājane (pārā. 58) ‘‘āpatti pārājikassā’’ti vacanenāyamattho siddhoti yuttiñca vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadi <a name="V0.0018"></a> evaṃ mātikāyampi ‘‘yo pana bhikkhu methunaṃ dhammaṃ paṭiseveyya, pārājika’’nti vattabbaṃ bhaveyya, pārājikassa anavasesavacanampi na yujjeyya. Sabbepi hi āpattikkhandhe, bhikkhugaṇanañca anavasesetvā tiṭṭhatīti anavasesavacananti katvā paveseva āpatti, na paviṭṭhādīsu. Tamevekaṃ sandhāya ‘‘yassa siyā āpattī’’ti (mahāva. 134) pārājikāpattimpi anto katvā nidānuddesavacanaṃ veditabbaṃ. Tasmā mātikāyaṃ ‘‘pārājika’’nti avatvā ‘‘pārājiko hotī’’ti (pārā. 42, 44) puggalaniddesavacanaṃ tena sarīrabandhanena upasampadāya abhabbabhāvadīpanatthaṃ. ‘‘Āpatti pārājikassā’’ti padabhājane vacanaṃ antimavatthuṃ ajjhāpannassāpi <a name="M0.0019"></a> pārājikassa asaṃvāsassa sato puggalassa atheyyasaṃvāsakabhāvadīpanatthaṃ. Na hi so saṃvāsaṃ sādiyantopi theyyasaṃvāsako hoti, tasmā upasampanno ‘‘bhikkhū’’tveva vuccati. Tenevāha ‘‘asuddho hoti puggalo aññataraṃ pārājikaṃ dhammaṃ ajjhāpanno, tañce suddhadiṭṭhi samāno anokāsaṃ kārāpetvā akkosādhippāyo vadati, āpatti omasavādena dukkaṭassā’’ti (pārā. 389) anupasampannassa tadabhāvato siddho so upasampanno ‘‘bhikkhū’’tveva vuccatīti, tena padasodhammaṃ, sahaseyyañca janeti, bhikkhupesuññādiñca janetīti veditabbaṃ (vajira. ṭī. pārājika 39).</p>
<p class="gatha1">Nidānā mātikābhedo, vibhaṅgo tanniyāmako;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tato āpattiyā bhedo, anāpatti tadaññathāti. (vajira. ṭī. pārājika 43-44) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Ayaṃ nayo veditabbo. Tattha sudinnavatthu (pārā. 24 ādayo)-makkaṭivatthu (pārā. 40 ādayo)-vajjiputtakavatthu (pārā. 43) cāti tippabhedavatthu imassa sikkhāpadassa <span class="bld">nidānaṃ</span> nāma. Tato nidānā ‘‘yo pana bhikkhu bhikkhūnaṃ…pe… asaṃvāso’’ti (pārā. 44) imissā <span class="bld">mātikāya bhedo</span> jāto. Tattha hi ‘‘antamaso tiracchānagatāyā’’ti (pārā. 44) itthiliṅgavasena ‘‘saccaṃ, āvuso, bhagavatā sikkhāpadaṃ paññattaṃ, tañca kho itthiyā, no purise, no paṇḍake, no ubhatobyañjanake cā’’ti makkaṭipārājiko viya aññopi lesaṃ oḍḍetuṃ sakkoti, tasmā tādisassa alesokāsassa dassanatthaṃ idaṃ vuccati, makkaṭisaṅkhātā nidānā ‘‘antamaso tiracchānagatāyapī’’ti mātikāya vacanabhedo, na itthiyā eva methunasiddhidassanato. Tasmā <span class="bld">vibhaṅgo tanniyāmako</span> tassā mātikāya adhippetatthaniyāmako vibhaṅgoti. Vibhaṅge hi ‘‘tisso itthiyo, tayo ubhatobyañjanakā, tayo paṇḍakā, tayo purisā. Manussitthiyā tayo magge, tiracchānagatapurisassa dve magge’’tiādinā (pārā. 56) nayena <a name="V0.0019"></a> sabbalesokāsaṃ pidahitvā niyamo kato. Etthāha – yadi evaṃ sādhāraṇasikkhāpadavasena vā liṅgaparivattanavasena vā na kevalaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ, bhikkhunīnampi ‘‘sikkhāsājīvasamāpanno’’ti vibhaṅge vattabbaṃ siyā. Tadavacanena hi bhikkhunī purisaliṅgapātubhāvena bhikkhubhāve <a name="M0.0020"></a> ṭhitā evaṃ vadeyya ‘‘nāhaṃ upasampadākaraṇakāle bhikkhūnaṃ sikkhāsājīvasamāpannā, tasmā na apaccakkhātasikkhāpi methunadhammena pārājikā homī’’ti. Vuccate – yathā vuttaṃ, tathā na vattabbaṃ aniṭṭhappasaṅgato. Tathā vutte bhikkhunīnampi sikkhāpaccakkhānaṃ atthīti āpajjati. Tañcāniṭṭhaṃ. Idamaparamaniṭṭhaṃ ‘‘sabbasikkhāpadāni sādhāraṇāneva nāsādhāraṇānī’’ti. Apicāyaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ sikkhāsājīvasamāpannāva hotīti dassanatthaṃ ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, taṃyeva upajjhaṃ tameva upasampadaṃ tāni vassāni bhikkhūhi saṅgamitu’’ntiādi (pārā. 69) vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Tato āpattiyā bhedo</span>ti tato vibhaṅgato ‘‘akkhayite sarīre pārājikaṃ, yebhuyyena khayite thullaccaya’’ntiādi (pārā. 73, pari. 157) āpattiyā bhedo hoti. <span class="bld">Anāpatti tadaññathā</span>ti tato eva vibhaṅgato yena ākārena āpatti vuttā, tato aññenākārena anāpattibhedova hoti. ‘‘Sādiyati, āpatti pārājikassa, na sādiyati, anāpattī’’ti hi vibhaṅge asati na paññāyati. Ettāvatā ‘‘nidānā mātikābhedo’’ti ayaṃ gāthā samāsato vuttatthā hoti. Visesakāraṇaṃ pana tasmiṃ tasmiṃ sikkhāpade āvibhavissati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paṭhamapaññatti tāva paṭhamabodhiṃ atikkamitvā paññattattā, āyasmato sudinnassa aṭṭhavassikakāle paññattattā ca rattaññumahattaṃ pattakāle paññattā, dutiyapaññatti bāhusaccamahattaṃ pattakāle. So hi āyasmā makkaṭipārājiko yathā mātugāmappaṭisaṃyuttesu sikkhāpadesu tiracchānagatitthī na adhippetā, tathā idhāpīti saññāya ‘‘saccaṃ, āvuso…pe… tañca kho manussitthiyā, no tiracchānagatāyā’’ti (pārā. 41) āha. Tatiyapaññatti lābhaggamahattaṃ pattakāle uppannā ‘‘yāvadatthaṃ bhuñjitvā’’tiādi (pārā. 43) vacanato, vepullamahattampi ettheva labbhatīti imaṃ paṭhamapārājikasikkhāpadaṃ tividhampi vatthuṃ upādāya catubbidhampi taṃ kālaṃ patvā paññattanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">yo panā</span>ti anavasesapariyādānapadaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhikkhū</span>ti tassa atippasaṅganiyamapadaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhikkhūnaṃ sikkhāsājīvasamāpanno</span>ti tassa visesanavacanaṃ. Na hi sabbopi bhikkhunāmako, yā bhagavatā yāya kāyaci upasampadāya upasampannabhikkhūnaṃ heṭṭhimaparicchedena sikkhitabbā sikkhā vihitā<a name="M0.0021"></a>, ‘‘ettha saha jīvantī’’ti yo ca sājīvo vutto, taṃ ubhayaṃ samāpannova hoti. Kadā pana samāpanno hoti? Yāya kāyaci upasampadāya upasampannasamanantarameva tadubhayaṃ <a name="V0.0020"></a> jānantopi ajānantopi tadajjhupagatattā samāpannova nāma hoti. <span class="bld">Saha jīvantī</span>ti yāva sikkhaṃ na paccakkhāti, pārājikabhāvaṃ vā na pāpuṇāti. Yaṃ pana vuttaṃ <span class="bld">andhakaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> ‘‘sikkhaṃ paripūrento sikkhāsamāpanno sājīvaṃ avītikkamanto sājīvasamāpanno’’ti, taṃ ukkaṭṭhaparicchedavasena vuttaṃ. Na hi sikkhaṃ aparipūrento, kāmavitakkādibahulo vā ekaccaṃ sāvasesaṃ sājīvaṃ vītikkamanto vā sikkhāsājīvasamāpanno nāma na hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ukkaṭṭhaparicchedena pana catukkaṃ labbhati – ‘‘atthi bhikkhu sikkhāsamāpanno sīlāni paccavekkhanto na sājīvasamāpanno acittakaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ vītikkamanto, atthi na sikkhāsamāpanno kāmavitakkādibahulo sājīvasamāpanno nirāpattiko, atthi na sikkhāsamāpanno na ca sājīvasamāpanno anavasesaṃ āpattiṃ āpanno, atthi ubhayasamāpanno sikkhaṃ paripūrento sājīvañca avītikkamanto’’ti. Ayamettha catuttho bhikkhu ukkaṭṭho idha adhippeto siyā. Na hi bhagavā anukkaṭṭhaṃ vattuṃ yuttoti ce? Na, ‘‘tatra yāyaṃ adhisīlasikkhā, ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā sikkhā’’ti vacanavirodhato, ukkaṭṭhaggahaṇādhippāye sati ‘‘sikkhāti tisso sikkhā’’ti ettakameva vattabbanti adhippāyo. Sikkhattayasamāpanno hi sabbukkaṭṭho. ‘‘Methunaṃ dhammaṃ paṭiseveyyā’’ti parato vacanaṃ apekkhitvā adhisīlasikkhāva vuttāti ce? Na, tassāpi abhabbattā. Na hi adhisīlasikkhaṃ paripūrento, sājīvañca avītikkamanto methunadhammaṃ paṭisevituṃ bhabbo, taṃ sikkhaṃ aparipūrento, sājīvañca vītikkamantoyeva hi paṭiseveyyāti adhippāyā. Tasmā evamettha attho gahetabbo. Yasmā sikkhāpadasaṅkhāto sājīvo adhisīlasikkhameva saṅgaṇhāti, na itarasikkhādvayaṃ, tasmā ‘‘tatra yāyaṃ adhisīlasikkhā, ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā sikkhā’’ti vuttaṃ. Tasmā adhisīlasikkhāya saṅgāhako sājīvo sikkhāsājīvoti vutto. Iti sājīvavisesanatthaṃ sikkhāggahaṇaṃ kataṃ. Tadatthadīpanatthameva vibhaṅge sikkhaṃ aparāmasitvā ‘‘tasmiṃ sikkhati, tena vuccati sājīvasamāpanno’’ti (pārā. 45) vuttaṃ. Tena <a name="M0.0022"></a> ekamevidaṃ atthapadanti dīpitaṃ hoti. Tañca upasampadūpagamanantarato paṭṭhāya sikkhanādhikārattā ‘‘sikkhatī’’ti ca ‘‘samāpanno’’ti ca vuccati. Yo evaṃ ‘‘sikkhāsājīvasamāpanno’’ti saṅkhaṃ gato, tādisaṃ paccayaṃ paṭicca aparabhāge sājīvasaṅkhātameva sikkhaṃ apaccakkhāya tasmiṃyeva dubbalyaṃ anāvikatvā methunaṃ dhammaṃ paṭiseveyyāti ayamattho yujjati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kintu aṭṭhakathānayo paṭikkhitto hoti, so ca na paṭikkhepāraho hoti, adhippāyo panettha <a name="V0.0021"></a> pariyesitabbo. Sabbesu sikkhāpadesu idameva bhikkhulakkhaṇaṃ sādhāraṇaṃ yadidaṃ ‘‘bhikkhūnaṃ sikkhāsājīvasamāpanno’’ti. Khīṇāsavopi sāvako āpattiṃ āpajjati acittakaṃ, tathā sekkho, puthujjano pana sacittakampi, tasmā sekkhāsekkhaputhujjanānaṃ sāmaññamidaṃ bhikkhulakkhaṇanti katvā kevalaṃ sikkhāsamāpanno, kevalaṃ sājīvasamāpanno, ubhayasamāpanno cāti sarūpekadesaekasesanayena ‘‘sikkhāsājīvasamāpanno’’tveva sampiṇḍetvā ukkaṭṭhaggahaṇena anukkaṭṭhānaṃ gahaṇasiddhito aṭṭhakathāyaṃ ukkaṭṭhova vutto. Tameva sampādetuṃ ‘‘tasmiṃ sikkhati, tena vuccati sājīvasamāpanno’’ti ettha sikkhāsaddassa avacane parihāraṃ vatvā yasmā pana so sikkhampi samāpanno, tasmā sikkhāsamāpannotipi atthato veditabboti ca vatvā ‘‘yaṃ sikkhaṃ samāpanno, taṃ apaccakkhāya, yañca sājīvaṃ samāpanno, tattha dubbalyaṃ anāvikatvā’’ti vuttanti ayamaṭṭhakathāya adhippāyo veditabbo. Etasmiṃ pana adhippāye adhisīlasikkhāya eva gahaṇaṃ sabbatthikattā, sīlādhikārato ca vinayassāti veditabbaṃ. Yathā ca sikkhāpadaṃ samādiyanto sīlaṃ samādiyatīti vuccati, evaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ paccakkhanto sīlaṃ paccakkhātīti vattuṃ yujjati, tasmā tattha vuttaṃ ‘‘yaṃ sikkhaṃ samāpanno, taṃ apaccakkhāyā’’ti (pārā. aṭṭha. sikkhāpaccakkhānavibhaṅgavaṇṇanā). Ettāvatā samāsato ‘‘sikkhāsājīvasamāpanno’’ti ettha vattabbavinicchayo niṭṭhito hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kiṃ iminā visesavacanena payojanaṃ, nanu ‘‘yo pana bhikkhu sikkhaṃ apaccakkhāya dubbalyaṃ anāvikatvā…pe… asaṃvāso’’ti ettakameva vattabbanti ce? Na vattabbaṃ aniṭṭhappasaṅgato. ‘‘Yo pana sikkhāsājīvasamāpanno theyyasaṃvāsādiko kevalena samaññāmattena, paṭiññāmattena <a name="M0.0023"></a> vā bhikkhu, tassāpi sikkhāpaccakkhānaṃ atthi, sikkhaṃ apaccakkhāya ca methunaṃ dhammaṃ paṭisevantassa pārājikāpatti. Yo vā pacchā pārājikaṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitvā na sikkhāsājīvasamāpanno, tassa ca, yo vā pakkhapaṇḍakattā paṇḍakabhāvūpagamanena na sikkhāsājīvasamāpanno, tassa ca tadubhayaṃ atthīti āpajjati. Paṇḍakabhāvapakkhe ca paṇḍako upasampadāya na vatthū’’ti vuttaṃ. Tasmā itarasmiṃ pakkhe vatthūti siddhaṃ. Tasmiṃ pakkhe upasampanno paṇḍakabhāvapakkhe paṇḍakattā na sikkhāsājīvasamāpanno, so pariccajitabbāya sikkhāya abhāvena sikkhaṃ apaccakkhāya mukhena parassa aṅgajātaggahaṇanayena methunaṃ dhammaṃ paṭiseveyya, tassa kuto pārājikāpattīti adhippāyo. Ayaṃ nayo apaṇḍakapakkhaṃ alabhamānasseva parato yujjati, labhantassa pana arūpasattānaṃ kusalādisamāpattikkhaṇe bhavaṅgavicchede satipi amaraṇaṃ viya paṇḍakabhāvapakkhepi bhikkhubhāvo atthi. Saṃvāsaṃ vā sādiyantassa na theyyasaṃvāsakabhāvo atthi antimavatthuajjhāpannassa viya. Na ca sahaseyyādiṃ janeti<a name="V0.0022"></a>. Gaṇapūrako pana na hoti antimavatthuṃ ajjhāpanno viya. Na so sikkhāsājīvasamāpanno. Itarasmiṃ pana pakkhe hoti, ayaṃ imassa tato viseso. Kimayaṃ sahetuko, udāhu ahetukoti? Na ahetuko. Yato upasampadā tassa apaṇḍakapakkhe anuññātā sahetukappaṭisandhikattā. Paṇḍakabhāvapakkhepi kissa nānuññātāti ce? Paṇḍakabhūtattā opakkamikapaṇḍakassa viya.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica ‘‘sikkhāsājīvasamāpanno’’ti iminā tassa sikkhāsamādānaṃ dīpetvā taṃ samādinnaṃ sikkhaṃ apaccakkhāya, tattha ca dubbalyaṃ anāvikatvāti vattuṃ yujjati, na aññathāti iminā kāraṇena yathāvuttāniṭṭhappasaṅgato ‘‘yo pana bhikkhu bhikkhūnaṃ sikkhāsājīvasamāpanno sikkhaṃ apaccakkhāyā’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Yathā cettha, evaṃ ‘‘yo pana bhikkhu bhikkhūnaṃ sikkhāsājīvasamāpanno sikkhaṃ apaccakkhāya dubbalyaṃ anāvikatvā gāmā vā araññā vā adinnaṃ…pe… yo pana bhikkhu bhikkhūnaṃ sikkhāsājīvasamāpanno sikkhaṃ apaccakkhāya dubbalyaṃ anāvikatvā sugatacīvarappamāṇaṃ cīvaraṃ kārāpeyyā’’ti sabbattha yojetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Antamaso tiracchānagatāyapī’’</span>ti manussitthiṃ upādāya vuttaṃ. Na hi pageva paṇḍake, purise vāti vattuṃ yujjati. Sesaṃ tattha tattha vuttanayameva<a name="M0.0024"></a>. Ayaṃ tāva mātikāya vinicchayo aññatthāpi yathāsambhavaṃ yojetvā dīpetabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sāriputtabelaṭṭhasīsānandādayopi sikkhāpadapaññattikāraṇattā ca āpattiāpajjanato ca kasmā mahāvibhaṅge ñatticatutthaupasampadāyeva āgatāti? Paṭikkhittāya saraṇagamanūpasampadāya anuññātappasaṅgabhayāti upatissatthero. Āpattiyā bhabbataṃ sandhāya tasmimpi vutte pubbe paṭikkhittāpi bhagavatā puna anuññātāti bhikkhūnaṃ micchāgāho vā vimati vā uppajjati, tasmā na vuttāti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Adhammakammaṃ vaggakamma’’ti (mahāva. 387) vacanato kuppakammampi katthaci ‘‘kamma’’nti vuccati, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘akuppenā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Yasmā akuppakammampi ekaccaṃ na ṭhānārahaṃ, yena apatto osāraṇaṃ suosāritoti vuccati, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘ṭhānārahenā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Yadi evaṃ ‘‘ṭhānārahenā’’ti idameva vattabbaṃ iminā akuppasiddhitoti ce? Na, aṭṭhānārahena akuppena upasampanno imasmiṃ atthe na adhippeto aniṭṭhappasaṅgato. Dvīhi panetehi ekato vuttehi <a name="V0.0023"></a> ayamattho paññāyati – kevalaṃ tena akuppena upasampanno ayampi imasmiṃ atthe adhippeto bhikkhūti, ṭhānārahena ca akuppena ca upasampanno ayampi imasmiṃ atthe adhippeto bhikkhūti, kuppena upasampanno nādhippetoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Paṭisandhiggahaṇato paṭṭhāya aparipuṇṇavīsativasso’’</span>ti vuttattā opapātikañcāti soḷasavassuddesikā opapātikā paṭisandhito paṭṭhāya aparipuṇṇavīsativassāti vadanti. ‘Soḷasavassuddesikā hontī’ti vuttattā puna cattāri vassāni icchitabbāni, ‘paṭisandhiggahaṇato paṭṭhāyā’ti idaṃ gabbhaseyyakānaṃ vasena vutta’’nti eke. ‘‘Keci vadantī’’ti yattha yattha likhīyati, tattha tattha vicāretvā atthaṃ suṭṭhu upalakkhaye. Opakkamike paṇḍakabhāvo āruḷhanayena veditabbo. ‘‘Pakkhapaṇḍako apaṇḍakapakkhe pabbājetvā paṇḍakapakkhe nāsetabbo’’ti (vajira. ṭī. mahāvagga 109) likhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Binduṃ adatvā ce nivāseti, <span class="bld">theyyasaṃvāsako</span> na hotī’’ti vadanti, vīmaṃsitabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Liṅgānurūpassā</span>ti sāmaṇerārahassa saṃvāsassa sāditattāti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Rājabhayādīhi <a name="M0.0025"></a> gahitaliṅgānaṃ ‘‘gihī maṃ ‘samaṇo’ti jānantū’’ti vañcanacitte satipi bhikkhūnaṃ vañcetukāmatāya ca tehi saṃvasitukāmatāya ca abhāvā doso na jātoti. ‘‘Yo evaṃ pabbajati, so theyyasaṃvāsako nāma hotī’’ti vā ‘‘evaṃ kātuṃ na labbhatī’’ti vā ‘‘evaṃ pabbajito sāmaṇero na hotī’’ti vā na jānāti, vaṭṭati. ‘‘Jānāti, na vaṭṭatī’’ti ca likhitaṃ. ‘‘Rājadubbhikkhādiatthāya cīvaraṃ pārupitvā saṃvāsaṃ sādiyanto theyyasaṃvāsako hoti. Kasmā? Asuddhacittattā. Puna so ‘suddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ karissāmi, kiṃ etenāti vippaṭisārena vā paccayādisulabhatāya vā karissāmī’ti suddhamānaso hutvā yāva so saṃvāsaṃ nādhivāseti, tāva theyyasaṃvāsako na hoti. Evaṃ suddhacittuppattito paṭṭhāya saṃvāsaṃ sādiyati ce, theyyasaṃvāsako hotīti adhippeto. Itarathā sabbaṃ virujjhatī’’ti eke.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Nābhiparāmāsādinā jāto tathārūpaṃ pitaraṃ ghāteti ce, <span class="bld">pitughātako</span> hotī’’ti vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yo pana kāyasaṃsaggena sīlavināsaṃ pāpeti, na so <span class="bld">bhikkhunidūsako</span> ‘‘tiṇṇaṃ maggāna’’nti <a name="V0.0024"></a> vacanato. Bhikkhuniṃ pana ekatoupasampannaṃ dūsetvāpi bhikkhunidūsako hoti, sopi pārājiko hotīti vinicchayo. Bhikkhunī pana theyyasaṃvāsikā, mātupituarahantaghātikā, lohituppādikā, titthiyapakkantikā ca hoti, aṭṭhakathāsu anāgataṃ vinayadharā sampaṭicchanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Sampajānamusāvāde pācittiya’’nti (pāci. 2) vuttaṃ mariyādaṃ avītikkamanto tasmiñca sikkhāpade sikkhatīti vuccati. <span class="bld">Sikkhāpada</span>nti asabhāvadhammo saṅketova, idha paññatti adhippetā. ‘‘Methunasaṃvarassetaṃ adhivacana’’nti samantapāsādikāyaṃ vuttaṃ, taṃ panatthaṃ sandhāyāti likhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Sikkhā</span>ti taṃ taṃ sikkhāpadaṃ, sikkhanabhāvena pavattacittuppādo. <span class="bld">Sājīva</span>nti paññatti. Tadatthadassanatthaṃ pubbe ‘‘methunasaṃvarassetaṃ adhivacana’’nti vuttaṃ. Yasmā sikkhāya guṇasammatāya puññasammatāya tantiyā abhāvato lokassa dubbalyāvikammaṃ tattha na sambhavati. Patthanīyā hi sā, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘yañca sājīvaṃ</span> <a name="M0.0026"></a> <span class="bld">samāpanno, tasmiṃ dubbalabhāvaṃ appakāsetvā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Āṇāya hi dubbalyaṃ sambhavatīti upatisso. Dubbalyāvikammapadaṃ sikkhāpaccakkhānapadassa byañjanasiliṭṭhatāya vā parivārakabhāvena vā veditabbaṃ. Atha vā yasmā sikkhāpaccakkhānassa ekaccaṃ dubbalyāvikammaṃ akataṃ hoti, tasmā taṃ sandhāya ‘‘sikkhaṃ apaccakkhāyā’’ti padassa atthaṃ vivaranto <span class="bld">‘‘dubbalyaṃ anāvikatvā’’</span>ti āha. Tattha siyā yasmā na sabbaṃ dubbalyāvikammaṃ sikkhāpaccakkhānaṃ, tasmā ‘‘dubbalyaṃ anāvikatvā’’ti paṭhamaṃ vatvā tassa atthaniyamatthaṃ ‘‘sikkhaṃ apaccakkhāyā’’ti vattabbanti? Taṃ na, kasmā? Atthānukkamābhāvato. ‘‘Sikkhāsājīvasamāpanno’’ti hi vuttattā ‘‘yaṃ sikkhaṃ samāpanno, taṃ apaccakkhāya, yañca sājīvaṃ samāpanno, tattha dubbalyaṃ anāvikatvā’’ti vuccamāne anukkameneva attho vutto hoti, na aññathā, tasmā idameva paṭhamaṃ vuttanti. <span class="bld">Tesaṃyevā</span>ti cuddasannaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Sikkhaṃ apaccakkhāyā’’ti sabbasikkhāpadānaṃ sādhāraṇatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ayamettha anupaññattī’’ti</span> vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pavesanaṃ</span> nāma aṅgajātaṃ pavesentassa aṅgajātena samphusanaṃ. <span class="bld">Paviṭṭhaṃ</span> nāma yāva mūlaṃ pavesentassa vippakatakālo vāyāmakālo. Sukkavisaṭṭhisamaye aṅgajātaṃ <span class="bld">ṭhitaṃ</span> nāma. <span class="bld">Uddharaṇaṃ</span> nāma nīharaṇakālo. Vinayagaṇṭhipade pana ‘‘vāyāmato oramitvā ṭhānaṃ <span class="bld">ṭhitaṃ</span> nāmā’’ti vuttaṃ, taṃ <a name="V0.0025"></a> asaṅkarato dassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Pavesanapaviṭṭhauddharaṇakālesupi sukkavisaṭṭhi hotiyeva. <span class="bld">Sādiyanaṃ</span> nāma sevanacittassa adhivāsanacittassa uppādanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ubhatovibhaṅge eva paññattāni sandhāya <span class="bld">‘‘idañhi sabbasikkhāpadānaṃ nidāna’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. ‘‘Vinayadharapañcamena gaṇena upasampadā’’ti (mahāva. 259) vuttattā idha tatiyā sahayogena vuttā. Tasmā vīsatipi bhikkhū ce nisinnā, pañcamo vinayadharova icchitabbo, evaṃ sati pārājiko ce vinayadharo, upasampadākammaṃ kopetīti ce? Na, parivārāvasāne kammavagge (pari. 482 ādayo) yaṃ kammavipattilakkhaṇaṃ vuttaṃ, tassa tasmiṃ natthitāya. ‘‘Kathaṃ vatthuto vā ñattito vā anussāvanato vā sīmato vā parisato vā’’ti ettakaṃ vuttaṃ, nanu ayaṃ ‘‘parisato vā’’ti vacanena saṅgahitoti ce? Na, ‘‘dvādasahi ākārehi parisato kammāni vipajjantī’’ti (pari. 487) suttassa <a name="M0.0027"></a> hi vibhaṅge tassa anāmaṭṭhattāti ayamattho yasmā tattha tattha sarūpena vuttapāḷivaseneva sakkā jānituṃ, tasmā nayamukhaṃ dassetvā saṃkhittoti likhitaṃ. ‘‘Aṅga’’nti padaṃ uddharitvā ‘‘sabbasikkhāpadesu āpattīnaṃ aṅgānaṅgaṃ veditabba’’nti vuttaṃ, idha pana ‘‘aṅga’’nti vuttaṃ, kasmā? Samuṭṭhanādīnaṃ parivārādīsu saṅkhepena āgatattā tattha gahetvā idhāpi niddiṭṭhānaṃ anaṅgānaṃ vavatthānābhāvato, sabbattha saṅkhepato ca vitthārato ca anaṅgatte vuccamāne ativitthāratāya tasmiṃ tasmiṃ sikkhāpade anūnaṃ vattabbato cāti veditabbo, sabbāpattīnaṃ saṅgāhakavasenāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yāni sikkhāpadāni ‘‘kiriyānī’’ti vuccanti, tesaṃ vasena kāyavācā saha viññattiyā veditabbā, akiriyānaṃ vasena vinā viññattiyā veditabbā. Cittaṃ panettha appamāṇaṃ bhūtārocanasamuṭṭhānassa kiriyattā, acittakattā ca. Tattha kiriyā āpattiyā anaṅgantaracittasamuṭṭhānā veditabbā. Aviññattijanakampi ekaccaṃ bāhullanayena ‘‘kiriya’’nti vuccati yatheva paṭhamapārājikaṃ. Viññattiyā abhāvepi ‘‘so ce sādiyati, āpatti pārājikassa, na sādiyati, anāpattī’’ti hi vuttaṃ, viññattisaṅkhātāpi kiriyā vinā sevanacittena na hoti vuttacittajattā, vikārarūpattā, cittānuparivattikattā ca. Tasmā kiriyāsaṅkhātamidaṃ viññattirūpaṃ, itaraṃ cittajarūpaṃ viya janakacittena vinā na tiṭṭhati, itaraṃ saddāyatanaṃ tiṭṭhati, tasmā kiriyāya sati ekantato tajjanakaṃ sevanacittaṃ atthi evāti katvā na sādiyati, anāpattīti na yujjatīti. Yasmā viññattijanakampi samānaṃ sevanacittaṃ na sabbakālaṃ viññattiṃ janeti, tasmā vināpi viññattiyā sayaṃ uppajjatīti katvā ‘‘sādiyati, āpatti pārājikassā’’ti vuttaṃ. Nuppajjati ce, na sādiyati nāma, tassa <a name="V0.0026"></a> anāpatti. Teneva bhagavā ‘‘kiṃcitto tvaṃ bhikkhū’’ti (pārā. 135) citteneva āpattiṃ paricchindati, na kiriyāyāti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha <span class="bld">samuṭṭhāna</span>ggahaṇaṃ kattabbato vā akattabbato vā kāyādibhedāpekkhameva āpattiṃ āpajjati, na aññathāti dassanappayojanaṃ. Tesu <span class="bld">kiriyā</span>ggahaṇaṃ kāyādīnaṃ saviññattikāviññattikabhedadassanappayojanaṃ. <span class="bld">Saññā</span>ggahaṇaṃ āpattiyā aṅgānaṅgacittavisesadassanappayojanaṃ. Tena <a name="M0.0028"></a> yaṃ cittaṃ kiriyalakkhaṇe vā akiriyalakkhaṇe vā sannihitaṃ, yato vā kiriyā vā akiriyā vā hoti, na taṃ avisesena āpattiyā aṅgaṃ vā anaṅgaṃ vā hoti. Kintu yāya saññāya ‘‘saññāvimokkha’’nti vuccati, tāya sampayuttaṃ cittaṃ aṅgaṃ, itaraṃ anaṅganti dassitaṃ hoti. Idāni yena cittena sikkhāpadaṃ <span class="bld">sacittakaṃ</span> hoti, tadabhāvā <span class="bld">acittakaṃ,</span> tena tassa avisesena sāvajjatāya ‘‘lokavajjamevā’’ti vuttaṃ. Kintu sāvajjaṃyeva samānaṃ ekaccaṃ lokavajjaṃ, ekaccaṃ paṇṇattivajjanti dassanappayojanaṃ <span class="bld">cittalokavajja</span>ggahaṇaṃ. Cittameva yasmā ‘‘lokavajja’’nti vuccati, tasmā manokammampi siyā āpattīti aniṭṭhappasaṅganivāraṇappayojanaṃ <span class="bld">kamma</span>ggahaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yaṃ panettha akiriyalakkhaṇaṃ kammaṃ, taṃ kusalattikavinimuttaṃ siyāti aniṭṭhappasaṅganivāraṇappayojanaṃ <span class="bld">kusalattika</span>ggahaṇaṃ. Yā panettha abyākatāpatti, taṃ ekaccaṃ avedanampi nirodhaṃ samāpanno āpajjatīti vedanāttikaṃ ettha na labbhatīti aniṭṭhappasaṅganivāraṇatthaṃ <span class="bld">vedanāttika</span>ggahaṇaṃ. Sikkhāpadañhi sacittakapuggalavasena ‘‘ticittaṃ tivedana’’nti laddhavohāraṃ acittakenāpannampi ‘‘ticittaṃ tivedana’’miceva vuccati. Tatridaṃ sādhakasuttaṃ – ‘‘atthāpatti acittako āpajjati acittako vuṭṭhāti (pari. 324), atthāpatti kusalacitto āpajjati kusalacitto vuṭṭhātī’’tiādi (pari. 470). ‘‘Sacittakaṃ āpattidīpanaṃ, saññāvimokkhaṃ anāpattidīpanaṃ, acittakaṃ vatthuajānanaṃ, nosaññāvimokkhaṃ vītikkamanājānanaṃ. Idameva tesaṃ nānātta’’nti (vajira. ṭī. pārājika 61-66 pakiṇṇakakathāvaṇṇanā) likhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sacittakapakkhe</span>ti ettha ayaṃ tāva gaṇṭhipadanayo – sacittakapakkheti surāpānādiacittake sandhāya vuttaṃ. Sacittakesu pana yaṃ ekantamakusaleneva samuṭṭhāti, tañca ubhayaṃ <span class="bld">lokavajjaṃ</span> nāma. Surāpānasmiñhi ‘‘surā’’ti vā ‘‘pātuṃ na vaṭṭatī’’ti vā jānitvā pivane akusalamevāti. Tattha ‘‘na vaṭṭatīti jānitvā’’ti vuttavacanaṃ na yujjati paṇṇattivajjassapi <a name="V0.0027"></a> lokavajjatāpasaṅgato. Imaṃ aniṭṭhappasaṅgaṃ pariharitukāmatāya ca <span class="bld">vajirabuddhittherena</span> likhitaṃ – ‘‘idha ‘sacittaka’nti ca ‘acittaka’nti ca vicāraṇā vatthuvijānane eva hoti, na paññattivijānane. Yadi paññattivijānane hoti<a name="M0.0029"></a>, sabbasikkhāpadāni lokavajjāneva siyuṃ, na ca sabbasikkhāpadāni lokavajjāni. Tasmā vatthuvijānane eva hotīti idaṃ yujjati. Kasmā? Yasmā sekhiyesu paññattivijānanameva pamāṇaṃ, na vatthumattavijānana’’nti. Ayaṃ panettha attho sikkhāpadasīsena āpattiṃ gahetvā yassa sikkhāpadassa sacittakassa cittaṃ akusalameva hoti, taṃ lokavajjaṃ, sacittakācittakasaṅkhātassa acittakassa ca sacittakapakkhe cittaṃ akusalameva hoti, tampi surāpānādilokavajjanti imamatthaṃ sandhāya <span class="bld">‘‘yassā sacittakapakkhe cittaṃ akusalameva hoti, ayaṃ lokavajjā nāmā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. ‘‘Sacittakapakkhe’’ti hi idaṃ vacanaṃ acittakaṃ sandhāyāha. Na hi ekaṃsato sacittakāya ‘‘sacittakapakkhe’’ti visesane payojanaṃ atthīti, evaṃ santepi aniyamena vuttañca niyamavasena eva gahetabbanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tiracchānānaṃ panā</span>ti <span class="bld">pana</span>-saddena thullaccayādikāraṃ nivatteti. <span class="bld">Kiriyā</span>ti ettha ‘‘ṭhitaṃ sādiyatī’’ti (pārā. 58) vuttattā taṃ kathanti ce? ‘‘Sādiyatī’’ti vuttattā kiriyā eva. Evaṃ sante ‘‘kāyakammaṃ manokamma’’nti vattabbanti ce? Na, pacuravohāravasena ‘‘kāyakamma’’nti vuttattā. Ubbhajāṇumaṇḍalikāya labbhati evāti likhitaṃ. Pubbe vuttanayena saṃsandetvā gahetabbaṃ. ‘‘Dunnikkhittassa, bhikkhave, padabyañjanassa atthopi dunnayo hotī’’ti (a. ni. 2.20) vadantenāpi atthassa sukhaggahaṇatthameva padabyañjanassa sunikkhittabhāvo icchito, na akkharavacanāya, tasmā āha <span class="bld">‘‘atthañhi nātho saraṇaṃ avocā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="centered">Paṭhamapārājikavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">2. Dutiyapārājikavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gāmā vā araññā vā</span>ti lakkhaṇānupaññattikattā ādimhi vuttā. Sabbasmiñhi vinayapiṭake gāmo, gāmūpacāro, gāmakkhettaṃ, gāmasīmā, gāmasīmūpacāroti pañcavidho gāmabhedo veditabbo. Tathā āraññakasīmāya ekaṃ agāmakaṃ araññaṃ, saṃvidhānasikkhāpadānaṃ (pāci. 180 ādayo) ekaṃ, sagāmakaṃ ekaṃ<a name="M0.0030"></a>, avippavāsasīmāya ekaṃ, gaṇamhāohīyanakassa (pāci. 691) ekanti pañcavidho araññabhedo veditabbo. Tattha atthi <a name="V0.0028"></a> gāmo na gāmaparihāraṃ katthaci labhati, atthi gāmo na gāmakiccaṃ karoti, tathā atthi araññaṃ na araññaparihāraṃ katthaci labhati, atthi araññaṃ na araññakiccaṃ karotīti ayampi bhedo veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha avippavāsasīmāsammannanakammavācāya ṭhapetvā ‘‘gāmañca gāmūpacārañcā’’ti (mahāva. 144) ettha <span class="bld">gāmo</span> nāma parikkhitto ce, parikkhepassa anto, aparikkhitto ce, parikkhepokāsato anto veditabbo. Ayaṃ udositasikkhāpade ‘‘antogāmo’’ti (pārā. 478) āgato. Sāsaṅkasikkhāpade ‘‘antaraghara’’nti (pārā. 654) āgato anāsaṅkato. Yathāha ‘‘antaraghare nikkhipeyyāti samantā gocaragāme nikkhipeyyā’’ti (pārā. 654). Tathā antaragharappaṭisaṃyuttānaṃ sekhiyānaṃ ayameva paricchedo veditabbo. ‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī ekā gāmantaraṃ gaccheyyā’’ti (pāci. 687) etthāpi ayameva paricchedo adhippeto ‘‘parikkhittassa gāmassa parikkhepaṃ atikkamantiyā, aparikkhittassa gāmassa upacāraṃ atikkamantiyā’’ti vuttattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yesu <span class="bld">purāṇapotthakesu</span> ‘‘upacāraṃ okkamantiyā’’ti likhitaṃ, taṃ vikāle gāmappavesanasikkhāpadesu āciṇṇaṃ nayaṃ gahetvā pamādena likhīyati, na pamāṇaṃ. Yesu ca <span class="bld">potthakesu</span> vikāle gāmappavesanasikkhāpadassa <span class="bld">vibhaṅge</span> (pāci. 513) ‘‘gāmaṃ paviseyyāti parikkhittassa gāmassa parikkhepaṃ atikkamantassa, aparikkhittassa gāmassa upacāraṃ atikkamantassā’’ti likhīyati, sā pamādalekhā. <span class="bld">Upacāraṃ okkamantassā</span>ti tattha pāṭho. Vuttañhi <span class="bld">samantapāsādikāyaṃ</span> ‘‘aparikkhittassa gāmassa upacāro adinnādāne vuttanayeneva veditabbo’’ti (pāci. aṭṭha. 512). Idha <span class="bld">kaṅkhāvitaraṇiyampi</span> vuttaṃ ‘‘santaṃ bhikkhuṃ anāpucchitvāti…pe… upacāraṃ okkamantassā’’tiādi (kaṅkhā. aṭṭha. vikālagāmappavesanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yaṃ pana <span class="bld">katthaci potthake</span> ‘‘bhikkhuniyā gāmantarādhikāre ekena pādena itarassa gāmassa parikkhepaṃ vā atikkamante, upacāraṃ vā okkante thullaccayaṃ, dutiyena atikkantamatte, okkantamatte ca saṅghādiseso’’ti pāṭho dissati. Tattha ‘‘okkante, okkantamatte’’ti etāni padāni adhikāni<a name="M0.0031"></a>, kevalaṃ likhitakehi aññehi likhitāni. <span class="bld">Katthaci potthake</span> ‘‘okkantamatte cā’’ti padaṃ na dissati, itaraṃ dissati. Tāni dve padāni pāḷiyā virujjhanti. ‘‘Aparikkhittassa gāmassa upacāraṃ atikkāmentiyā’’ti (pāci. 692) hi pāḷi<a name="V0.0029"></a>. Tathā samantapāsādikāya (pāci. aṭṭha. 692) virujjhanti. ‘‘Parikkhepārahaṭṭhānaṃ ekena pādena atikkamati, thullaccayaṃ, dutiyena atikkamati, saṅghādiseso. Apicettha sakagāmato…pe… ekena pādena itarassa gāmassa parikkhepe vā upacāre vā atikkante thullaccayaṃ, dutiyena atikkantamatte saṅghādiseso’’ti (pāci. aṭṭha. 692) hi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gaṇṭhipade</span> cassa ‘‘parikkhepaṃ atikkāmentiyā’’ti vatvā ‘‘upacārepi eseva nayo’’ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Anugaṇṭhipade</span> ca ‘‘aparikkhittassa gāmassa upacāraṃ ‘okkamantiyā’tipi potthakesu ekaccesu dissati, taṃ na gahetabba’’nti vuttaṃ. Aparampi vuttaṃ ‘‘aparikkhittassa gāmassa upacāraṃ ‘atikkāmentiyā’ti vacanenāpi evaṃ veditabbaṃ – vikāle gāmappavesane dvinnaṃ leḍḍupātānaṃ eva vasena upacāro paricchinditabbo, itarathā yathā ettha parikkhepārahaṭṭhānaṃ parikkhepaṃ viya katvā ‘atikkāmentiyā’ti vuttaṃ, evaṃ tatthāpi ‘aparikkhittassa gāmassa upacāraṃ atikkāmentassā’ti vadeyya. Yasmā pana tattha parikkhepārahaṭṭhānato uttarimeko leḍḍupāto upacāroti adhippeto. Tasmā tadatthadīpanatthaṃ ‘aparikkhittassa gāmassa upacāraṃ okkamantassā’ti vutta’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yaṃ pana <span class="bld">andhakaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> parikkhepārahaṭṭhānaṃyeva upacāranti sallakkhetvā ‘‘parikkhepapaakkhepārahaṭṭhānānaṃ ninnānākaraṇadīpanatthaṃ upacāraṃ okkamantassā’’ti vuttaṃ, pāḷivisesamasallakkhetvā ‘‘aparikkhittassa gāmassa upacāraṃ atikkamantassa idha upacāro parikkhepo yathā bhaveyya, taṃ upacāraṃ paṭhamaṃ pādaṃ atikkāmentassa āpatti dukkaṭassa, dutiyaṃ pādaṃ atikkāmentassa āpatti pācittiyassā’’ti vuttaṃ, taṃ na gahetabbameva pāḷiyā visesasambhavatoti. <span class="bld">Porāṇagaṇṭhipade</span> ‘‘upacāraṃ atikkāmentiyā bhikkhuniyā gāmantarāpattī’’ti vuttaṃ. Tasmā idha kaṅkhāvitaraṇiyā ‘‘ekena pādena itarassa…pe… atikkantamatte saṅghādiseso’’ti ayameva pāṭho veditabbo. Ettāvatā imesu yathāvuttesu ṭhānesu yathāvuttaparicchedova gāmoti veditabbo. Imassa <a name="M0.0032"></a> atthassa dīpanatthaṃ ‘‘gāmo nāma ekakuṭikopī’’tiādi (pārā. 92) vuttaṃ. Imassa vasena asatipi parikkhepātikkame, upacārokkamane vā antarārāmato vā bhikkhunupassayato vā titthiyaseyyato vā paṭikkamanato vā taṃ gāmaṃ pavisantassa antarārāmaparikkhepassa, upacārassa vā atikkamanavasena gāmapaccayā āpattiyo veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gāmūpacāro</span> pana ‘‘ṭhapetvā gāmañca gāmūpacārañcā’’ti (mahāva. 144) ettha parikkhittassa <a name="V0.0030"></a> gāmassa parikkhepova, aparikkhittassa gāmassa parikkhepokāsova. Vuttañhetaṃ aṭṭhakathāyaṃ ‘‘gāmūpacāroti parikkhittassa gāmassa parikkhepo, aparikkhittassa gāmassa parikkhepokāso. Tesu adhiṭṭhitatecīvariko bhikkhu parihāraṃ na labhatī’’ti (mahāva. aṭṭha. 144). Kiṃ panettha kāraṇaṃ, yena ayaṃ gāmo, gāmūpacāro ca idha aññathā, aññattha tathāti? Aṭṭhuppattito ‘‘tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū ‘bhagavatā ticīvarena avippavāsasammuti anuññātā’ti antaraghare cīvarāni nikkhipantī’’ti (mahāva. 143) imissā hi aṭṭhuppattiyā ‘‘ṭhapetvā gāmañca gāmūpacārañcā’’ti (mahāva. 144) vuttaṃ. Tasmā yattha antaragharasaññā, tattha avippavāsasīmā na gacchatīti veditabbā. Tena ca udositasikkhāpade ‘‘antogāme cīvaraṃ nikkhipitvā antogāme vatthabba’’nti (pārā. 478) ca ‘‘sabhāye vā dvāramūle vā, hatthapāsā vā na vijahitabba’’nti ca vuttaṃ. Kappiyabhūmiyaṃ vasantoyeva hi kappiyabhūmiyaṃ nikkhittacīvaraṃ rakkhati. Sāsaṅkasikkhāpade pana ‘‘yasmā yattha gāme cīvaraṃ nikkhittaṃ, tena gāmena vippavasanto cīvarena vippavasatīti vuccati, tasmā puna gāmasīmaṃ okkamitvā vasitvā pakkamatī’’ti vuttaṃ. Tasmiñhi sikkhāpade gāmasīmā gāmo nāmāti adhippeto. Tattha vikāle gāmappavesanasikkhāpadavibhaṅge ‘‘parikkhittassa gāmassa parikkhepaṃ atikkamantassa āpatti pācittiyassā’’ti (pāci. 513) vacanato parikkhepo na gāmo. Kintu gāmūpacāroti lesena dassitaṃ hoti. Imasmiṃ pana sikkhāpadavibhaṅge ‘‘gāmūpacāro nāmā’’ti ārabhitvā ‘‘aparikkhittassa gāmassa gharūpacāre ṭhitassa majjhimassa purisassa leḍḍupāto’’ti iminā aparikkhittassa parikkhepokāso gāmūpacāroti siddhaṃ. Tadatthasambhavato tasmiṃ gharūpacāre ṭhitassa leḍḍupāto gāmūpacāroti <span class="bld">kurundaṭṭhakathāyaṃ, mahāpaccariyampi</span> vuttaṃ<a name="M0.0033"></a>. Upacāro hi ‘‘gāmo ekūpacāro nānūpacāro’’tiādīsu dvāraṃ, ‘‘ajjhokāso ekūpacāro’’ti ettha samantā sattabbhantarasaṅkhātaṃ pamāṇaṃ, tasmā ‘‘gāmūpacāroti parikkhittassa gāmassa parikkhepo, aparikkhittassa gāmassa parikkhepokāso’’ti <span class="bld">andhakaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Tathā <span class="bld">kurundiyaṃ, mahāpaccariyañca</span>. Tathā pāḷiyampi ‘‘ajjhārāmo nāma parikkhittassa ārāmassa anto ārāmo, aparikkhittassa upacāro. Ajjhāvasatho nāma parikkhittassa āvasathassa anto āvasatho, aparikkhittassa upacāro’’tiādīsu dissati. <span class="bld">Mahāaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> pana ‘‘gāmūpacāro’’tiādīsu dissati. Tasmā dutiyo leḍḍupāto upacāroti adhippeto.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Aparikkhittassa gāmassa upacāraṃ okkamantassa āpatti pācittiyassā’’ti pāḷivisesasambhavato ca paṭhamo leḍḍupāto gāmo eva, dutiyo gāmūpacāroti vuttaṃ. Parikkhittassa <a name="V0.0031"></a> pana gāmassa indakhīle ṭhitassa majjhimassa purisassa leḍḍupāto gāmūpacāroti vuttanti ettha bhedo natthi. Ettāvatā parikkhittassa duvidho upacāro, aparikkhittassa catubbidho upacāro yattha sambhavati, yattha ca na sambhavati, taṃ sabbaṃ dassitaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Gāmakhettassa ca gāmasīmāya ca lakkhaṇaṃ aṭṭhakathāyameva vuttaṃ. Ubhayañhi atthato ekaṃ. Tattha gāmasīmāya gāmabhāvo sāsaṅkasikkhāpadavasena veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gāmasīmūpacāro</span> nāma manussānaṃ kaṭṭhatiṇapupphaphalādiatthikānaṃ vanacarakānaṃ valañjanaṭṭhānaṃ. Imassa gāmasīmūpacārabhāvo udositasikkhāpade, ‘‘agāmake araññe samantā sattabbhantarā’’ti (pārā. 494) āgataṭṭhāne khandhake (mahāva. 147) ca veditabbo. Ettha hi bhagavā gāmantavāsīnaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ sīmaṃ dassento ‘‘yaṃ gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā upanissāya viharatī’’ti (mahāva. 147) vatvā dasseti. Tadanantarameva ‘‘agāmake’’tiādinā sattabbhantarasīmaṃ dasseti. Tasmā yo bhikkhu gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā upanissāya na viharati, kevalaṃ nāvāyaṃ vā thalamaggena vā addhānamaggappaṭipanno hoti, tassa tattha tattha sattabbhantarasīmā labbhatīti veditabbo. Vuttañhi ‘‘ekakulassa sattho hoti<a name="M0.0034"></a>, satthe cīvaraṃ nikkhipitvā purato vā pacchato vā sattabbhantarā na vijahitabba’’ntiādi (pārā. 489). Idameva araññaṃ sandhāya ‘‘āraññakasīmāya ekaṃ agāmakaṃ arañña’’nti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yaṃ sandhāya ‘‘agāmake araññe addhayojane addhayojane āpatti pācittiyassā’’ti (pāci. 414) pāḷiyaṃ vuttaṃ. Idaṃ <span class="bld">saṃvidhānasikkhāpadānaṃ ekaṃ agāmakaṃ araññaṃ</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Purimena pana sagharaṃ saṅgahitaṃ, iminā tamasaṅgahitanti. Yaṃ sandhāya gaṇamhā ohīyanādhikāre aṭṭhakathāyaṃ (pāci. aṭṭha. 692) ‘‘agāmake araññeti ettha ‘nikkhamitvā bahi indakhīlā sabbametaṃ arañña’nti evaṃ vuttaṃ lakkhaṇaṃ araññaṃ. Taṃ paneta kevalaṃ gāmābhāvena ‘agāmaka’nti vuttaṃ, na viñjhāṭavisadisatāyā’’ti vuttaṃ. Yaṃ sandhāya ‘‘āraññakaṃ nāma senāsanaṃ pañcadhanusatikaṃ pacchima’’nti (pārā. 654; pāci. 573) vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Idaṃ āraññakasenāsanaṃ</span> nāma parikkhittassa parikkhepato bahi, aparikkhittassa pana parikkhepokāsato bahi sarukkhaṃ vā arukkhaṃ vā vihāre kunnadisamākiṇṇampi araññaṃ nāma. Tathā ‘‘gaṇamhā ohīyanakassa eka’’nti vuttaṃ. Idaṃ araññaṃva. Idaṃ pana pubbe agāmakabhāvena āgataṭṭhāne vuttalakkhaṇameva hutvā nikkhamitvā bahi indakhīlā dassanūpacāravijahane <a name="V0.0032"></a> ekameva āpattiṃ karoti, tato uddhaṃ anāpatti. ‘‘Saṃvidhānasikkhāpadānaṃ eka’’nti vuttaṃ pana addhayojane addhayojane ekekaṃ āpattiṃ karoti, na tato oraṃ. Itarāni tīṇi yathāvuttaparicchedato orameva tattha vuttavidhiṃ na sampādenti, paraṃ sampādenti. Evametesaṃ aññamaññanānattaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha pañcavidhe gāme yo ‘‘parikkhittassa gāmassa indakhīle ṭhitassa leḍḍupāto’’ti (pārā. 92) vutto, so na katthaci vinayapiṭake upayogaṃ gato, kevalaṃ aparikkhittassa parikkhepokāsato aparo eko leḍḍupāto gāmūpacāro nāmāti dīpanatthaṃ vutto. Parikkhittassapi ce gāmassa eko leḍḍupāto kappiyabhūmisamāno upacāroti vutto, pageva aparikkhittassa parikkhepokāsato eko. So pana pākaṭattā ca ajjhokāsattā ca okkamantassa āpattiṃ karoti ṭhapetvā <a name="M0.0035"></a> bhikkhuniyā gāmantarāpattiṃ. Bhikkhuniyo hi tasmiṃ dutiyaleḍḍupātasaṅkhāte gāmūpacāre vasantī āpattiñca āpajjanti, gāmaṃ pavisantī gāmantarāpattiñca. Tāsañhi ṭhitaṭṭhānaṃ araññasaṅkhyaṃ gacchati ‘‘tāvadeva chāyā metabbā…pe… tassā tayo ca nissaye, aṭṭha ca akaraṇīyāni ācikkheyyāthā’’ti (cūḷava. 430) vacanato. Araññappaṭisaṃyuttānaṃ sikkhāpadānaṃ, vikālegāmappavesanasikkhāpadassa (pāci. 508) ca bhikkhunīnaṃ asādhāraṇattā ca antarārāmabhikkhunupassayappaṭikkamanādīnaṃ kappiyabhūmibhāvavacanato ca ‘‘ekā gaṇamhā ohīyeyyāti agāmake araññe dutiyikāya bhikkhuniyā dassanūpacāraṃ vā savanūpacāraṃ vā vijahantiyā āpatti thullaccayassā’’tiādisikkhāpadapaññattito (pāci. 692) ca bhikkhunikkhandhakanayaena vā yasmā parikkhittassa gāmassa indakhīlato paṭṭhāya aparikkhittassa upacārato paṭṭhāya nīyati, tattha antaraghare nikkhittacīvare sati caturaṅgasamodhānena bhikkhū vasanti, tasmā <span class="bld">sagāmakaṃ</span> nāma hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Avippavāsasīmāya ekaṃ</span> nāma ‘‘na, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyā araññe vatthabbaṃ, yā vaseyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti (cūḷava. 431) vacanato bhikkhunīnaṃ araññavāso nāma natthīti siddhaṃ. Tāya hi araññe bhikkhunupassaye sati antoāvāsepi dutiyikāya dassanasavanūpacāraṃ vijahantiyā āpatti. Tasmā avippavāsasīmādhikāre ‘‘ṭhapetvā gāmañca gāmūpacārañcā’’ti (mahāva. 144) ettha yaṃ ṭhānaṃ ṭhapitaṃ, tattheva bhikkhunupassayopi kappati, na tato paraṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tāsañca <a name="V0.0033"></a> avippavāsasīmākammavācāyaṃ ‘‘ṭhapetvā gāmañca gāmūpacārañcā’’ti vacanaṃ natthīti katvā tesveva gāmagāmūpacāresu pharati. Tato paraṃ dutiyesu leḍḍupātādīsu tāsaṃ akappiyabhūmikattā na samānasaṃvāsakasīmā araññe pharati bhikkhūnaṃ gāmagāmūpacāraṃ viya. Tasmā vuttaṃ ‘‘bhikkhuniyā ṭhapetvā gāmantarāpatti’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ tāva pañcavidhaṃ gāmabhedaṃ, araññabhedañca ñatvā idāni <span class="bld">‘‘atthi gāmo na gāmaparihāraṃ katthaci labhatī’’</span>tiādibhedo veditabbo. Tattha yo aṭṭhakathāyaṃ ‘‘amanusso nāma yo sabbaso vā manussānaṃ abhāvena yakkhapariggahabhūto’’ti vutto, so gāmo na gāmaparihāraṃ katthaci sikkhāpade labhati. Yañhi sandhāya aṭṭhakathāyaṃ ‘‘taṃ panetaṃ buddhakāle, cakkavattikāle <a name="M0.0036"></a> ca nagaraṃ hoti, sesakāle suññaṃ hoti yakkhapariggahita’’nti (pārā. aṭṭha. 1.84; dī. ni. aṭṭha. 1.150) vuttaṃ. Yo pana paṭirājacorādīhi viluttattā, kevalaṃ bhayena vā chaḍḍito sagharova antarahitagāmabhūto, so ‘‘gāmantare gāmantare āpatti pācittiyassā’’ti (pāci. 183) vuttapācittiyaṃ janeti, vikāle gāmappavesanaṃ, sekhiye cattāri janetīti veditabbā. Yo pana gāmo yato vā manussā kenacideva karaṇīyena punapi āgantukāmā eva apakkantāti vutto, amanusso so pakatigāmasadisova.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Atthi araññaṃ na araññaparihāraṃ katthaci labhatī</span>ti ettha ‘‘ajjhokāso ekūpacāro nāma agāmake araññe samantā sattabbhantarā ekūpacāro, tato paraṃ nānūpacāro’’ti (pārā. 494) ettha yvāyaṃ nānūpacāroti vutto, taṃ veditabbaṃ. Yo pana parikkhittassa ekaleḍḍupātasaṅkhāto gāmūpacāranāmako gāmo, yo vā sattho nātirekacātumāsaniviṭṭho, so <span class="bld">atthi gāmo na gāmakiccaṃ karoti</span>. Na hi taṃ ṭhānaṃ okkamanto gāmappavesanāpattiṃ āpajjati. Yaṃ pana gāmasīmāya pariyāpannaṃ manussānaṃ valañjanaṭṭhānabhūtaṃ araññaṃ, taṃ <span class="bld">atthi araññaṃ na araññakiccaṃ karoti</span> nāma. Na hi tattha āraññakasīmā labbhatīti. Ettāvatā ‘‘gāmā vā araññā vā’’ti imissā anupaññattiyā lakkhaṇānupaññattibhāvo dassito hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Gonisādiniviṭṭhopi gāmo’’ti ettha sace tassa gāmassa gāmakhettaparicchedo atthi, sabbopi eko gāmo. No ce, upacārena vā parikkhepena vā paricchinditabbo. Sace gāmakhette sati kānici tāni gharāni aññamaññaupacārappahonakaṃ ṭhānaṃ atikkamitvā dūre dūre katāni honti, vikāle gāmappavese upacārova pamāṇaṃ. Antaragharappaṭisaṃyuttesu sekhiyesu, <a name="V0.0034"></a> bhikkhuniyā gāmantarāpattīsu ca gharānaṃ parikkhepārahaṭṭhānaṃ pamāṇaṃ, uposathādikammānaṃ gāmakhettaṃ pamāṇaṃ, āraññakasenāsanassa āsannagharassa dutiyaleḍḍupātato paṭṭhāya pañcadhanusatantaratā pamāṇanti evaṃ no paṭibhānanti ācariyā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Yampi ekasmiṃyeva gāmakhette ekaṃ padesaṃ ‘ayampi visuṃgāmo hotū’ti paricchinditvā rājā kassaci deti, sopi visuṃgāmasīmā hotiyevā’’ti <a name="M0.0037"></a> (mahāva. aṭṭha. 147) aṭṭhakathāvacanato taṃ pavisantiyā bhikkhuniyā gāmantarāpatti hoti eva. Sace tattha vihāro vā devakulaṃ vā sabhā vā gehaṃ vā natthi, kevalaṃ vatthumattakameva hoti, gāmoti vinayakammaṃ sabbaṃ tattha kappati. ‘‘Amanusso gāmo’’ti hi vuttaṃ. Tañca ṭhānaṃ itarassa gāmassa parikkhepabbhantare vā upacārabbhantare vā hoti, vikāle gāmappavesanaṃ āpucchitvāva gantabbaṃ. No ce, araññaṃ viya yathāsukhaṃ gantabbaṃ. Tattha ce ārāmo vā titthiyaseyyādīsu aññatarovā hoti, laddhakappameva. Bhikkhunupassayo ce hoti, gāmaṃ piṇḍāya pavisantiyā bhikkhuniyā gāmantarāpatti pariharitabbā. ‘‘Araññaṃ nāma ṭhapetvā gāmañca gāmūpacārañca avasesaṃ araññaṃ nāmā’’ti (pārā. 92) ettha parikkhepe sati yathāvuttaparicchedaṃ gāmameva ṭhapetvā avasesaṃ tassa upacāraṃ, tato parañca araññaṃ nāma, parikkhepe asati yathāvuttaparicchedaṃ gāmūpacārameva ṭhapetvā tato paraṃ avasesaṃ araññaṃ nāmāti adhippāyo. Evaṃ sati ‘‘nikkhamitvā bahi indakhīlā sabbametaṃ arañña’’nti (vibha. 529) vuttalakkhaṇe agāmake araññe gaṇamhāohīyanāpatti, tattha avippavāsasīmāya pharaṇaṃ vikāle gāmappavesanāpattiyā anāpattīti evamādivinayavidhi sameti, aññathā na sameti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Ṭhapetvā gāmūpacāraṃ avasesaṃ araññaṃ nāmā’’ti (mahāva. 144) vutte gāmūpacārato paro araññanti siddhe ‘‘ṭhapetvā gāma’’nti visesattho na dissati, gāmassa pana araññabhāvappasaṅgabhayā vuttanti ce? Na, gāmūpacārassa abhāvappasaṅgato. Sati hi gāme gāmūpacāro hoti, so ca tava matena araññabhūto. Kuto dāni gāmūpacāro. Gāmūpacāropi ce araññasaṅkhyaṃ gacchati, parova gāmoti katvā na yuttaṃ gāmassa araññabhāvappasaṅgato ca. Tasmā ‘‘gāmā vā araññā vā’’ti ettha gāmūpacāropi ‘‘gāmo’’ tveva saṅgahito. Tasmā gāmassa araññabhāvappasaṅgo na yujjati. Yadi evaṃ ‘‘ṭhapetvā gāmaṃ avasesaṃ araññaṃ nāmā’’ti ettakaṃ vattabbanti ce? Na, araññassa paricchedajānanappasaṅgato. Tathā hi vutto ‘‘araññaparicchedo na paññāyatī’’ti no laddhi. Gāmūpacārapariyanto hi idha gāmo nāma. Yadi evaṃ ‘‘gāmassa ca araññassa ca paricchedadassanatthaṃ vutta’’nti aṭṭhakathāyaṃ vattabbaṃ, ‘‘araññassa <a name="V0.0035"></a> paricchedadassanatthaṃ vutta’’nti kimatthaṃ <a name="M0.0038"></a> vuttanti ce? Vuccate – aṭṭhakathācariyena paṭhamagāmūpacāraṃyeva sandhāya vuttaṃ ‘‘araññaparicchedadassanattha’’nti sabbasikkhāpade hi bāhiraindakhīlato paṭṭhāya gāmūpacāraṃ araññaṃ nāma. Gāmaparicchedavacane payojanaṃ panettha natthi parikkhepeneva pākaṭabhūtattā. Dutiyagāmūpacārova gāmassa paricchedadassanatthaṃ vutto parikkhepabhāvena apākaṭattā. Tattha paṭhamagāmūpacāro ce araññaparicchedadassanatthaṃ vutto, tattha na vattabbo. ‘‘Nikkhamitvā indakhīlā sabbametaṃ arañña’’nti vattabbaṃ. Evaṃ sante subyattataraṃ araññaparicchedo dassito hoti, micchāgāho ca na hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Majjhimassa purisassa leḍḍupāto’’ti hi vutte ayaṃ gāmūpacārova araññaṃ gāmūpacārassa vibhaṅgattā. Yadi araññaparicchedadassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ, avuttakameva, araññato paranti ca micchāgāho hotīti ce, nanu vuttaṃ ‘‘paṭhamameva idaṃ parikkhittassa gāmassa upacāraniyamanatthaṃ vutta’’nti? Araññaparicchedadassanatthaṃ kiñcāpi ‘‘gāmūpacāro’’tiādi āraddhaṃ, indakhīle ṭhitassa majjhimassa purisassa leḍḍupātoti pana evaṃ vacanappayojanaṃ. Aparikkhittassa ca gāmassa yvāyaṃ leḍḍupāto upacāro’’ti <span class="bld">mahāaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> vutto, tassa niyamananti vuttaṃ hoti. Kathaṃ paññāyatīti ce? ‘‘Araññaṃ nāmā’’ti padaṃ anuddharitvā ‘‘gāmūpacāro nāmā’’ti uddharaṇassa katattā. Tattha ‘‘gāmūpacāro nāmā’’ti mātikāyaṃ avijjamānaṃ padaṃ uddharanto tayo atthavase dasseti. Seyyathidaṃ – araññaparicchedadassanameko attho, aparikkhittassa gāmassa upacārena saddhiṃ paricchedadassanameko, na kevalaṃ aparikkhittassayeva upacāro vinayādhikāre sappayojano dassitabbo, nippayojanopi parikkhittassa upacāro iminā pariyāyena labbhatīti anusaṅgappayojanameko atthopi veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Aparikkhittassa gāmassa gharūpacāre ṭhitassa majjhimassa purisassa leḍḍupāto’’ti idaṃ bhagavā tayo atthavase paṭicca abhāsi. Seyyathidaṃ – aparikkhittassa gāmassa paricchedadassanameko, avippavāsasīmādhikāre ayameva gāmūpacāroti dassanameko, tattha ṭhitassa dutiyo leḍḍupāto sabbattha gāmappaṭisaṃyuttesu sikkhāpadesu sakiccako upacāroti dassanamekoti evaṃ bhagavā attano desanāvilāsappattiyā ekekapaduddhāraṇena tayo atthavase dassetīti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā <a name="M0.0039"></a> avippavāsasīmākammavācāya ‘‘ṭhapetvā gāmañca gāmūpacārañcā’’ti (mahāva. 144) etthāpi <a name="V0.0036"></a> parikkhepe sati gāmaṃ ṭhapetvā, asati gāmūpacāraṃ ṭhapetvāti attho. Parikkhittassa, aparikkhittassa ca majjhe ārāme avippavāsasīmāsammannanakāle ayaṃ nayo ativiya yujjati. Ubhayaparivajjanato pubbe vuttanayena vā ubhayattha ubhayaṃ labbhateva. ‘‘Antarārāmesu pana āciṇṇakappā bhikkhū avippavāsasīmaṃ sammannantī’’ti <span class="bld">gaṇṭhipade</span> vuttaṃ. ‘‘Antaragharappaṭisaṃyuttānaṃ sekhiyānaṃ antarārāmesu asambhavato antarārāmo na gāmasaṅkhaṃ gacchati, tasmā tatthapi avippavāsasīmā ruhatevā’’ti eke. Te bhikkhū dutiyassa gāmūpacārassa gāmasaṅkhāsabhāvato tāsaṃ imāya dutiyāya avippavāsakammavācāya abhāvaṃ dassetvā paṭikkhipitabbā. Ajjhārāmo pana gāmopi samāno titthiyaseyyādi viya kappiyabhūmīti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Āpattiyā paricchedaṃ, tathānāpattiyāpi ca;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Dassetuṃ gāmasambandha-sikkhāpadavibhāvane.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Gāmagāmūpacārā dve, dassitā idha tādinā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sīmā sīmūpacārā tu, anekantāti nuddhaṭā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Upacārā ca dve honti, bāhirabbhantarabbasā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Parikkhittāparikkhitta-bhedā ce caturo siyuṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ayañhi <span class="bld">upacāra</span>saddo vinayapiṭake ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, agilānenapi ārāme ārāmūpacāre chattaṃ dhāretu’’nti (cūḷava. 270) evamādīsu bāhire upacāre dissati. Bāhiro upacāro nāma parikkhepato, parikkhepārahaṭṭhānato vā eko leḍḍupāto. ‘‘Ajjhārāmo nāma parikkhittassa ārāmassa antoārāmo, aparikkhittassa upacāro. Ajjhāvasatho nāma parikkhittassa āvasathassa antoāvasatho, aparikkhittassa upacāro’’tiādīsu (pāci. 506) pana upacārasaddo abbhantare upacāre dissati. Abbhantaro upacāro ca nāma parikkhepo, parikkhepārahaṭṭhānañca hoti. Idha pana parikkhepo ‘‘ajjhārāmo, ajjhāvasatho’’ti vā na vuccati, anto eva ārāmo, āvasathoti vā. Tesu bāhirabbhantarabhedabhinnesu dvīsu upacāresu avippavāsasīmādhikāre ‘‘ṭhapetvā gāmañca gāmūpacārañcā’’ti (mahāva. 144) ettha gāmūpacāro nāma abbhantarūpacāro <a name="M0.0040"></a> adhippeto, na bāhiro. Bhikkhuniyā araññasaññitatāya tassa bāhirassa, tassā gāmantarāpattiyā ṭhānabhūtattā ca abbhantaraupacārassāti <a name="V0.0037"></a> idamettha kāraṇadvayaṃ veditabbaṃ. Tattha idha adinnādānapārājikavibhaṅgeyeva paṭhamo gāmūpacāro dassito, so bāhiro, dutiyo abbhantaroti veditabbo. Paṭhamena ca aparikkhittassa gāmassa dutiyaleḍḍupātasaṅkhāto bāhiro upacāro, dutiyena ca parikkhittassa gāmassa parikkhepato bāhirasaṅkhāto abbhantaro upacāro lesena dassitoti veditabbo. Evaṃ cattāropi upacārā idha bhagavatā desanāvilāsappattena desanālīlāya dassitā hontīti ayaṃ nayo suṭṭhu lakkhetvā ācariyehi sammantayitvā yathānurūpaṃ tattha yojetabbo. Itarathā –</p>
<p class="gatha1">Asambudhaṃ buddhamahānubhāvaṃ;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Dhammassa gambhīranayattatañca;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Yo vaṇṇaye naṃ vinayaṃ aviññū;</p>
<p class="gathalast">So duddaso sāsananāsahetu.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Pāḷiṃ tadatthañca asambudhañhi;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Nāseti yo aṭṭhakathānayañca;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Anicchayaṃ nicchayato parehi;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Gāmoti teyeva purakkhato so.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Anukkameneva mahājanena;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Purakkhato paṇḍitamāni bhikkhu;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Apaṇḍitānaṃ vimatiṃ akatvā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Ācariyalīlaṃ purato karoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha hi pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘gāmassa upacāro gāmūpacāro, gāmasaṅkhāto upacāro gāmūpacāro nāmā’’ti uddharitvā gāmassa upacāraṃ dassento ‘‘indakhīle ṭhitassa majjhimassa purisassa leḍḍupāto’’ti (pārā. 92) vatvā puna gāmasaṅkhātaṃ upacāraṃ dassento ‘‘gharūpacāre ṭhitassa majjhimassa purisassa leḍḍupāto’’ti vuttaṃ. Imamatthaṃ sandhāya vikāle gāmappavesanagāmantaraaappavāsasammutiādīsu parikkhepārahaṭṭhānameva gāmūpacāranti vuttanti likhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Atthato</span> <a name="M0.0041"></a> <span class="bld">eka</span>nti ettha saṅkhāsaddaṃ saṅkhātasaddena samānayati. <span class="bld">‘‘Ādiyeyyā’’</span>ti idaṃ pañcavīsatiyā avahārānaṃ sādhāraṇapadaṃ. Ṭhānācāvanavasena ca khīlādīni saṅkāmetvā khettādiggahaṇavasena <a name="V0.0038"></a> cāti attho. Ṭhānācāvane yathā sāmikassa dhuranikkhepādiṃ anoloketvāva āpatti, tathā ihāpīti gahetabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Asukaṃ nāma bhaṇḍaṃ avaharissāmī’’ti sabbesaṃ ekāsayattā <span class="bld">‘‘ekenāpī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Yadi āṇatti icchitabbā, saṃvidhāvahāro nāma eko avahāro parihāyitabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Okāsaparikappe</span> ṭhānācāvanāya gahitampi okāsaparikappitattā rakkhati. Okāsātikkamova pamāṇaṃ pubbe asuddhacittena gahitattā. Idāni suddhacittena gahitepi hoti evāti vadanti, taṃ na sundaraṃ. Ettha pana vinicchayo samantapāsādikaṃ oloketvā gahetabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uddhāro natthī</span>ti ṭhānācāvanaṃ natthīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uddhatamatte avahāro</span> sakalassa payogassa niṭṭhāpitattā, na atthasādhakavasena. <span class="bld">Uddhāreyeva rakkhatī</span>ti ettha eva-saddena pātane na rakkhatīti atthe siddhepi atthasādhakavasena atthaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘taṃ uddharitvā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Pathabyārājapadesarājādayo bahū, tesaṃ saṅgaṇhanatthaṃ ‘rājāno’ti bahuvacanaṃ vutta’’nti likhitaṃ. Kiñcāpi bahuvacanaṃ kataṃ, idaṃ pana ekaṃ bimbisāramevāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Rājānoti kiñci aniddisitvā sādhāraṇavasena kiñcāpi vuttaṃ, idaṃ pana bimbisāramevāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pubbappayoge</span>ti ettha gamanakāle maggasodhanādhikaraṇe apācittiyakhette dukkaṭaṃ, latācchedanādīsu pācittiyameva. Gantvā pana kumbhimatthake jātalatādicchedane sahapayogattā dukkaṭaṃ. ‘‘Ekabhaṇḍe evaṃ bhāriyamidaṃ, ‘tvampi ekapassaṃ gaṇha, ahampi ekapassaṃ gaṇhāmī’ti saṃvidahitvā ubhayesaṃ payogena ṭhānācāvane kate kāyavācācittehi samuṭṭhāti. Aññathā sāhatthikaṃ vā āṇattikassa aṅgaṃ na hoti<a name="M0.0042"></a>, āṇattikaṃ vā sāhatthikassāti vuttalakkhaṇena virujjhatī’’ti <span class="bld">vinayagaṇṭhipade</span> likhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Pi</span>-saddo panettha tattheva likhito.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Kāyavācāsamuṭṭhānaṃ, yassā āpattiyā siyā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tatra vācaṅgaṃ cittaṃva, kammaṃ nassā vidhīyati.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Kiriyākiriyādikaṃ <a name="V0.0039"></a> yañce, yampi kammattayaṃ bhave;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Na yuttaṃ taṃ viruddhattā, kammamekaṃva yujjatīti. (vajira. ṭī. pārājika 131 pakiṇṇakakathāvaṇṇanā);</p>
<p class="centered">Dutiyapārājikavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">3. Tatiyapārājikavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā ñātapariññā dhammānaṃ sabhāvajānanameva ‘‘idaṃ rūpaṃ, ayaṃ vedanā’’ti, tīraṇapariññā pana dhammasabhāvena saddhiṃ aniccādivasena pavattamānaṃ ‘‘rūpaṃ aniccanti vā’’tiādi, evamidha saddhiṃ cetetvā ekattenāpi pāṇātipātābhāvā <span class="bld">‘‘jīvitā voropeyyā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. ‘‘Manussaviggaha’’nti vuttattā gabbhaseyyakānaṃ vasena sabbasukhumaattabhāvato paṭṭhāya dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kalalato paṭṭhāyā’’</span>ti āha. Ettha jīvitā voropento paccuppannato viyojeti. Tattha khaṇapaccuppannaṃ na sakkā voropetuṃ, santatipaccuppannaṃ vā addhāpaccuppannaṃ vā sakkā. Kathaṃ? Tasmiñhi upakkame kate laddhūpakkamaṃ jīvitadasakaṃ nirujjhamānaṃ dubbalassa parihīnavegassa paccayo hoti. Santatipaccuppannaṃ yathā dve tayo javanavāre javitvā nirujjhati, addhāpaccuppannañca tadanurūpaṃ katvā nirujjhati, tathā paccayo hoti. Tato santatipaccuppannaṃ vā addhāpaccuppannaṃ vā yathāparicchinnakālaṃ apatvā antarāva nirujjhati. Evaṃ tadubhayampi voropetuṃ sakkā. Tasmā paccuppannaṃ viyojeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Imassa panatthassā’’</span>ti vohāravasena vuttamatthaṃ paramatthavasena āvibhāvatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pāṇo veditabbo’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Kāyaviññattisahitāya cetanāya payujjatīti <span class="bld">payogo,</span> ko so? Sarīre satthādīnaṃ gamanaṃ paharaṇanti kāyavacīviññattisahitāya cetanāya parasarīre satthapātanaṃ. <span class="bld">Dūre ṭhita</span>nti dūre vā tiṭṭhatu, samīpe vā. Hatthato <a name="M0.0043"></a> muttena pahāro <span class="bld">nissaggiyo. Tatthā</span>ti nissaggiyappayoge. <span class="bld">Yo koci maratū</span>ti ettha mahājanasamūhe na sakkā. Yassūpari saro patati, tasseva jīvitamaraṇaṃ kātuṃ, na yassa kassaci jīvitamaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Āṇāpana</span>nti vacīviññattisahitāya cetanāya adhippetatthasādhanaṃ. Teneva ‘‘sāvetukāmo na sāvetī’’ti (pārā. 54) vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Āṇattiniyāmakā</span>ti āṇattikappayogasādhikā. Etesu hi avirajjhitesu eva āṇattipayogo hoti, na aññathā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rūpūpahāro</span>ti <a name="V0.0040"></a> ettha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Mamālābhena esitthī, maratū’’ti samīpago;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Duṭṭhacitto sace yāti, hoti so itthimārako.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Bhikkhatthāya sace yāti, jānantopi na mārako;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Anatthiko hi so tassā, maraṇena upekkhako.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Viyogena ca me jāyā, jananī ca na jīvati;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Iti jānaṃ viyuñjanto, tadatthiko hoti mārako.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Pabbajjādinimittañce, yāti jānaṃ na mārako;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Anatthiko hi so tassā, maraṇena upekkhako.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Hārakasaddassa bhedato atthaṃ vitthāretvā ubhayampi ekamevāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘satthañca taṃ hārakañcā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Etena thāvarappayogaṃ dasseti</span> sāhatthikādīsu payogesu. <span class="bld">‘‘Iti cittamano’’</span>ti uddharitvāpi itisaddassa attho na tāva vutto. Kiñcāpi na vutto, adhikāravasena pana āgataṃ itisaddaṃ yojetvā <span class="bld">iti cittasaṅkappo</span>ti ettha ‘‘maraṇasaññī maraṇacetano maraṇādhippāyo’’ti vuttattā maraṇaṃyeva vakkhatīti veditabbo. <span class="bld">Vuttanayenā</span>ti chappayogavasena. Sāhatthikanissaggiyappayogesu sanniṭṭhāpakacetanāya sattamāya saha uppannakāyaviññattiyā sāhatthikatā veditabbā. Āṇattike pana sattahipi cetanāhi saha vacīviññattisambhavato satta satta saddā ekato hutvā ekekakkharabhāvaṃ gantvā yattakehi akkharehi <a name="M0.0044"></a> attano adhippāyaṃ viññāpenti, tadavasānakkharasamuṭṭhāpikāya sattamacetanāya sahajātavacīviññattiyā āṇattikatā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="centered">Tatiyapārājikavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">4. Catutthapārājikavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Idheva saṅgahanti</span> ‘‘iti jānāmi, iti passāmī’’ti pade kathanti ce, <span class="bld">‘‘iti jānāmī’’</span>tiādimāha<a name="V0.0041"></a>. Kevalaṃ ‘‘pāpicchatāyā’’ti (kaṅkhā. aṭṭha. catutthapārājikavaṇṇanā) vacanato mandattā momūhattā samudācarantassa anāpattīti dīpitaṃ. ‘‘Atītakāle sotāpannomhī’’ti vadanto pariyāyena vadati, ‘‘yo te vihāre vasati, so bhikkhu arahā’’tiādīsu (pari. 165) viya sikkhāpadepi ‘‘iti jānāmī’’ti (pārā. 195, 197) paccuppannameva vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Catutthapārājikavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Mātughātakapitughātakaarahantaghātakā tatiyapārājikaṃ āpannā, bhikkhunidūsako, lambīādayo ca cattāro paṭhamapārājikaṃ āpannā evāti katvā kuto catuvīsatīti ce? Na, adhippāyājānanato. Mātughātakādayo hi cattāro idhānupasampannā eva adhippetā, lambīādayo cattāro kiñcāpi paṭhamapārājikena saṅgahitā, yasmā pana ekena pariyāyena methunadhammaṃ paṭisevino honti, tasmā visuṃ vuttā. <span class="bld">Na labhati bhikkhūhī</span>ti ettha ‘‘uposathādibhedaṃ saṃvāsa’’nti ettakaṃ vuttaṃ. Vinayaṭṭhakathāyaṃ ‘‘uposathappavāraṇāpātimokkhuddesasaṅghakammappabheda’’nti vuttaṃ. Pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘saṃvāso nāma ekakammaṃ ekuddeso samasikkhatā’’ti (pārā. 55, 92, 172, 198) vuttaṃ. Tividhenāpi saṅghakammaṃ kātuṃ na vaṭṭatīti paṭikkhittaṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, gahaṭṭhena nisinnaparisāya pātimokkhaṃ uddisitabba’’ntiādi (mahāva. 154) pātimokkhappavāraṇāsu eva āgataṃ, aññesu ca evarūpesu ṭhānesu sesaṃ kammaṃ kātuṃ natthi paṭikkhepo. Ācariyāpi ‘‘sesaṃ kammaṃ kātuṃ vaṭṭati, natthi āpattī’’ti vadanti. ‘‘Antimavatthu ajjhāpannaṃ amūlakena pārājikena codentassa saṅghādiseso, saṅghādisesena <a name="M0.0045"></a> codentassa pācittiyanti bhikkhuno viya vuttaṃ, na anupasampannassa viya dukkaṭaṃ. Tasmā tena sahaseyyā, tassa paṭiggahaṇañca bhikkhussa vaṭṭatīti ācariyā vadantī’’ti likhitaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Yathā pure tathā pacchā</span>ti ‘ekakammaṃ ekuddeso samasikkhatā’ti evaṃ vuttasaṃvāsassa abhabbatāmattaṃ sandhāya vutta’’nti vadanti, vīmaṃsitabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni catunnampi sādhāraṇaṃ pakiṇṇakaṃ – methunadhammaṃ paṭisevanto atthi koci pārājiko hoti asaṃvāso, atthi koci na pārājiko hoti asaṃvāso, atthi koci na pārājiko saṃvāso dukkaṭavatthusmiṃ vā thullaccayavatthusmiṃ vā paṭisevanto, atthi koci na pārājiko pakkhapaṇḍako apaṇḍakapakkhe upasampanno paṇḍakapakkhe methunadhammaṃ paṭisevanto. So āpattiṃ nāpajjatīti na pārājiko nāma. Na hi abhikkhussa āpatti nāma atthi. So <a name="V0.0042"></a> anāpattikattā apaṇḍakapakkhe āgato kiṃ asaṃvāso hoti, na hotīti? Hoti. ‘‘Abhabbo tena sarīrabandhanenā’’ti (mahāva. 129) hi vuttaṃ. ‘‘Yo pana bhikkhu bhikkhūnaṃ sikkhāsājīvasamāpanno…pe… asaṃvāso’’ti (pārā. 44) vuttattā yo bhikkhubhāvena methunaṃ dhammaṃ paṭisevati, so eva abhabbo. Nāyaṃ apārājikattāti ce? Na, ‘‘byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo’’ti (mahāva. 126) vuttaṭṭhāne yathā abhikkhunā kammavācāya sāvitāyapi kammaṃ ruhati kammavipattiyā asambhavato, evaṃsampadamidaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Tatrāyaṃ viseso – upasampannapubbo evaṃ ce kammavācaṃ sāveti, saṅgho ca tasmiṃ upasampannasaññī eva ce, kammaṃ ruhati, nāññathāti no khantīti ācariyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Gahaṭṭho vā titthiyo vā paṇḍako vā kammavācaṃ sāveti, saṅghena kammavācā na vuttā hoti. ‘‘Saṅgho upasampādeyya saṅgho upasampādeti, upasampanno saṅghenā’’ti (mahāva. 127) hi vacanato saṅghena kammavācāya vattabbatāya saṅghapariyāpannena, saṅghapariyāpannasaññitena vā ekena vuttāya saṅghena vuttā hotīti veditabbo, na gahaṭṭhatitthiyapaṇḍakādīsu aññatarena. Ayameva sabbakammesu yutti daṭṭhabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā atthi methunaṃ dhammaṃ paṭisevanto koci nāsetabbo, ‘‘yo bhikkhunidūsako, ayaṃ nāsetabbo’’ti (mahāva. 114-115 atthato samānaṃ) vuttattā tena eva so anupasampannova <a name="M0.0046"></a> sahaseyyāpattiṃ vā aññaṃ vā tādisaṃ janeti, tassa omasane ca dukkaṭaṃ hoti. Abhikkhuniyā methunadhammaṃ paṭisevanto na nāsetabbo, ‘‘antimavatthuṃ ajjhāpanno, bhikkhave, anupasampanno na upasampādetabbo’’ti pāḷiyā abhāvato, teneva so upasampannasaṅkhaṃ gacchati, sahaseyyāpattiādiṃ na janeti, kevalaṃ asaṃvāsoti katvā gaṇapūrako na hoti. Ekakammaekuddeso hi saṃvāsoti vutto, samasikkhatāpi saṃvāsoti katvā so tena saddhiṃ natthīti. Padasodhammāpattiṃ pana janetīti kāraṇacchāyā dissatīti. Yathā bhikkhuniyā saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghassa ekakammādino saṃvāsassa abhāvā bhikkhunī asaṃvāsā bhikkhussa, tathā bhikkhu ca bhikkhuniyā, padasodhammāpattiṃ pana na janeti. Tathā antimavatthuṃ ajjhāpannopi ekecco ‘‘yo nāsetabboti vutto’’ti iminā nidassanena sakāraṇacchāyā ajjhupekkhitā hotīti na gahaṇaṃ gacchati. Apica ‘‘ubho nāsetabbā, dūsako nāsetabbo’’ti (pārā. 66) vacanato, ‘‘mettiyaṃ bhikkhuniṃ nāsethā’’ti (pārā. 384) vacanato ca yo saṅghamajjhaṃ pavisitvā anuvijjakena anuvijjiyamāno parājito, sopi anupasampannova, na omasavādapācittiyaṃ janetīti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apicettha <a name="V0.0043"></a> sikkhāpaccakkhātakacatukkaṃ veditabbaṃ. Atthi hi puggalo sikkhāpaccakkhātako na sikkhāsājīvasamāpanno, atthi puggalo na sikkhāpaccakkhātako sikkhāsājīvasamāpanno, atthi puggalo sikkhāpaccakkhātako ceva sikkhāsājīvasamāpanno ca, atthi puggalo neva sikkhāpaccakkhātako na sikkhāsājīvasamāpanno. Tattha tatiyo bhikkhunī sikkhāpaccakkhātakā veditabbā. Sā hi yāva na liṅgaṃ pariccajati, kāsāvesu saussāhāva samānā sāmaññā cavitukāmā sikkhaṃ paccakkhantīpi bhikkhunī eva sikkhāsājīvasamāpannāva. Vuttañhi bhagavatā ‘‘natthi, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyā sikkhāpaccakkhāna’’nti. Kadā pana sā abhikkhunī hotīti? Yadā sā vibbhantāti saṅkhaṃ gacchati. Vuttañhi bhagavatā ‘‘yadeva sā vibbhantā, tadeva sā abhikkhunī’’ti (cūḷava. 434). Kittāvatā pana vibbhantā hotīti? Sāmaññā cavitukāmā kāsāvesu anālayā kāsāvaṃ vā apaneti, naggā vā gacchati, tiṇapaṇṇādinā vā paṭicchādetvā gacchati, kāsāvaṃyeva <a name="M0.0047"></a> vā gihinivāsanākārena nivāseti, odātaṃ vā vatthaṃ nivāseti, liṅgeneva vā saddhiṃ titthiyesu pavisitvā kesaluñcanādivataṃ samādiyati, titthiyaliṅgaṃ vā samādiyati, tadā vibbhantā nāma hoti. Tattha yā saliṅge ṭhitāva titthiyavataṃ samādiyati, sā titthiyapakkantabhikkhu viya pacchā pabbajjampi na labhati. Sesā pabbajjameva labhati, na upasampadaṃ. Pāḷiyaṃ kiñcāpi ‘‘yā, bhikkhave, bhikkhunī sakāvāsā titthāyatanaṃ saṅkantā, sā āgatā na upasampādetabbā’’ti (cūḷava. 434) vacanato yā paṭhamaṃ vibbhamitvā pacchā titthāyatanaṃ saṅkantā, sā āgatā upasampādetabbāti anuññātaṃ viya dissati. Saṅgītiācariyehi pana ‘‘catuvīsati pārājikānī’’ti (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.233) vuttattā na puna sā upasampādetabbā. Tasmā eva sikkhāpaccakkhānaṃ nānuññātaṃ bhagavatā. Antimavatthuṃ ajjhāpannā pana bhikkhunī eva. Pakkhapaṇḍakīpi bhikkhunī eva. Imaṃ nayaṃ catūsupi yojetvā yathārahaṃ kathetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Pārājikavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter">Saṅghādisesakaṇḍaṃ</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Sukkavissaṭṭhisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aññatra</span> <a name="M0.0048"></a><a name="V0.0044"></a> <span class="bld">supinantā</span>ti svāyaṃ dubbalavatthukattā cetanāya paṭisandhiṃ ākaḍḍhituṃ asamatthā, supine upaṭṭhitaṃ nimittañhi dubbalaṃ. Pavatte pana aññehi kusalākusalehi upatthambhitā vipākaṃ deti. Kiñcāpi vipākaṃ deti, atha kho avisaye uppannattā abbohārikāva supinantacetanāti likhitaṃ. Yaṃ panettha ‘‘supine upaṭṭhitaṃ nimittañhi dubbala’’nti vuttaṃ, taṃ anekantaṃ, na ca ārammaṇadubbalatāya cittappavatti dubbalā atītānāgatārammaṇāya, paññattārammaṇāya vā adubbalattā. Tasmā <span class="bld">dubbalavatthukattā</span>ti dubbalahadayavatthukattāti no takkoti (vajira. ṭī. pārājika 236-237) ācariyo. Avatthukatāya dubbalabhāvo yujjatīti ce? Na, avatthukāya bhāvanāpabhavāya atirekabalavasambhavato. Bhāvanābalasamappitañhi cittaṃ arūpampi samānaṃ atibhārampi karajakāyaṃ gahetvā ekacittakkhaṇeneva brahmalokampi pāpetvā ṭhapeti, tappaṭibhāgaṃ anappitampi kāmāvacaracittaṃ karajakāyaṃ ākāse laṅghanasamatthaṃ karoti. Kiṃ panettha taṃ anumānakaraṇaṃ? Yena cittasseva ānubhāvoti paññāyeyya cittānubhāvena ṭhapanalaṅghanādikiriyāvisesanibbattidassanato. Pakaticittasamuṭṭhānarūpaṃ viya asaṃsaṭṭhattā, nikkhamanattā ca vatthisīsaṃ, kaṭi, kāyoti tidhā sukkassa ṭhānaṃ pakappenti ācariyā. Sappavisaṃ viya taṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ, na ca vise ṭhānaniyamo, kodhavasena passantassa hoti. Evamassa na ṭhānaniyamo, rāgavasena upakkamantassa hotīti no takkoti ācariyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Dakasotaṃ anotiṇṇepī’’</span>ti idaṃ ‘‘otiṇṇamatte’’ti iminā virujjhatīti ce, taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ṭhānato pana cuta’’</span>ntiādimāha. Tassattho – nimitte upakkamaṃ katvā sukkaṃ ṭhānā cāvetvā puna vippaṭisāravasena dakasotorohaṇaṃ nivāretuṃ na sakkā, tathāpi adhivāsādhippāyena <a name="V0.0045"></a> adhivāsetvā antarā dakasotato uddhaṃ nivāretuṃ asakkuṇeyyatāya <span class="bld">‘‘bahi nikkhante vā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ, tasmā ṭhānā cutañhi avassaṃ <a name="M0.0049"></a> dakasotaṃ otaratīti aṭṭhakathāya adhippāyo. Tasmā ubhayaṃ sametīti gahetabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Etthāha – kasmā imasmiṃ sikkhāpade ‘‘yo pana bhikkhū’’tiādinā kārako na niddiṭṭhoti? Vuccate – adhippāyāpekkhāya bhāvato kārako na niddiṭṭho tassa sāpekkhabhāvadassanatthaṃ. Kathaṃ? Kaṇḍuvanādiadhippāyacetanāvasena cetentassa kaṇḍuvanādiupakkamena upakkamantassa methunarāgavasena ūruādīsu dukkaṭavatthūsu, vaṇādīsu thullaccayavatthūsu ca upakkamantassa sukkavisaṭṭhiyā satipi na saṅghādiseso ‘‘anāpatti bhikkhu na mocanādhippāyassā’’ti (pārā. 263) vacanato. Tasmā tadatthadassanatthaṃ idha kārako na niddiṭṭho. Aññathā ‘‘yo pana bhikkhu sañcetanikaṃ sukkavisaṭṭhiṃ āpajjeyya, saṅghādiseso’’ti niddiṭṭhe kārake ‘‘ceteti na upakkamati muccati, anāpattī’’ti (pārā. 262) vuttavacanavirodho. Tathā ‘‘sañcetanikāya sukkavisaṭṭhiyā aññatra supinantā saṅghādiseso’’ti bhumme niddiṭṭhepi so eva virodho hetvatthaniyamasiddhito. Tasmā tadubhayampi vacanakkamaṃ avatvā ‘‘sañcetanikā sukkavisaṭṭhi aññatra supinantā saṅghādiseso’’ti vuttaṃ. Tattha nimittatthe bhummavacanābhāvato hetvatthaniyamo na kato hoti. Tasmiṃ akate sañcetanikā sukkavisaṭṭhi aññatra supinantā saṅghādisesoti, upakkame asati anāpattīti ayamattho dīpito hotīti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Imasmiṃ sikkhāpade dve āpattisahassāni honti. Kathaṃ? Attano hatthādibhede ajjhattarūpe rāgūpatthambhanavasena aṅgajāte kammaniyappatte ārogyatthāya nīlaṃ mocentassa ekā āpatti, ajjhattarūpe eva rāgūpatthambhe pītakādīnaṃ mocanavasena navāti dasa. Evaṃ ‘‘sukhatthāyā’’tiādīnaṃ navannaṃ vasenāti rāgūpatthambhe ajjhattarūpavasena sataṃ. Evamevaṃ vaccappassāvavātauccāliṅgapāṇakadaṭṭhūpatthambhesu ca sataṃ sataṃ katvā sabbaṃ pañcasataṃ. Yathā ajjhattarūpe pañcasataṃ, evaṃ bahiddhārūpe vā ajjhattabahiddhārūpe vā ākāse vā kaṭiṃ kampentoti dve sahassāni āpattiyo hontīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Sukkavissaṭṭhisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">2. Kāyasaṃsaggasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Otiṇṇo’’</span>ti <a name="M0.0050"></a><a name="V0.0046"></a> imināssa sevanādhippāyatā dassitā. Teneva ‘‘kāyasaṃsaggarāgasamaṅgissetaṃ adhivacana’’nti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Vipariṇatena…pe… saddhi’’</span>nti imināssa vāyāmo dassito. <span class="bld">‘‘Saddhi’’</span>nti hi padaṃ saṃyogaṃ dīpeti, so ca saṃyogo samāgamo. Kena cittena? Vipariṇatena cittena, na pattappaṭiggahaṇādhippāyādināti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">‘‘Kāyasaṃsaggaṃ samāpajjeyyā’’</span>ti imināssa vāyamato phassappaṭivijānanā dassitā hoti. Vāyamitvā phassaṃ paṭivijānanto hi samāpajjati nāma. Evamassa tivaṅgasampatti dassitā hoti. Atha vā <span class="bld">otiṇṇo vipariṇatena cittena</span> yakkhādinā satto viya. Upayogatthe vā etaṃ karaṇavacanaṃ, <span class="bld">otiṇṇo</span> vipariṇataṃ cittaṃ kūpādiṃ viya satto. Atha vā ‘‘rāgato uttiṇṇo bhavissāmī’’ti bhikkhubhāvaṃ upagatopi yo pana bhikkhu tato uttiṇṇādhippāyato vipariṇatena cittena hetubhūtena tameva rāgaṃ otiṇṇo. Mātugāmena attano samīpaṃ vā āgatena, attanā upagatena vā. Etena mātugāmassa sārattatā vā hotu, virattatā vā, sā idha appamāṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Hatthaggāhaṃ vā</span>ti ettha hatthena sabbopi upādinnako kāyo saṅgahito, na bhinnasantāno tappaṭibaddho vatthālaṅkārādi. <span class="bld">Veṇiggahaṇena</span> anupādinnako abhinnasantāno kesalomanakhaggadantaggādiko kammapaccayautusamuṭṭhāno gahitoti veditabbaṃ. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘antamaso lomena lomaṃ phusantassāpī’’</span>ti. Tena <span class="bld">aññatarassa vā…pe… parāmasana</span>nti ettha anupādinnakānampi sesalomādīnaṃ aṅgabhāvo veditabbo. Evaṃ sante ‘‘phassaṃ paṭijānantassa saṅghādiseso’’ti iminā virujjhatīti ce? Na, tadatthajānanato. Phuṭṭhabhāvaṃ paṭivijānantopi phassaṃ paṭijānāti nāma, na kāyaviññāṇuppattiyā eva. Anekantikañhettha kāyaviññāṇaṃ. Tasmā eva idha phassappaṭivijānanaṃ aṅgantveva na vuttaṃ. Tasmiñhi vutte ṭhānametaṃ vijjati ‘‘na ca me lomaghaṭṭanena kāyaviññāṇaṃ uppannaṃ, tasmiṃ ‘na phassaṃ paṭijānāmī’ti anāpannasaññī siyā’’ti. ‘‘Veṇī nāma kahāpaṇamālādisampayuttaṃ, tattha ‘veṇiṃ gaṇhissāmī’ti kahāpaṇamālādiṃ eva gaṇhāti, na lomaṃ, natthi saṅghādiseso’’ti vadanti. Vīmaṃsitabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Kāyasaṃsaggasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">3. Duṭṭhullavācāsikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Kadā <a name="M0.0051"></a><a name="V0.0047"></a> te mātā pasīdissatī’’ti āyācanaṃ <span class="bld">duṭṭhullavācāya sikhāpattalakkhaṇadassanatthaṃ</span> vuttaṃ, na methunupasaṃhiteyeva duṭṭhullavācāti dassanatthaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Ubhatobyañjanakāsī’’</span>ti vacanaṃ pana purisanimittena asaṅghādisesavatthunā missavacanaṃ, purisaubhatobyañjanakassa ca itthinimittaṃ paṭicchannaṃ, itaraṃ pākaṭaṃ. Yadi tampi janeti, kathaṃ ‘animittāsī’tiādīni padāni na saṅghādisesaṃ janentī’’ti eke, taṃ na yuttaṃ purisassāpi nimittādhivacanattā. ‘‘Methunupasaṃhitāhi saṅghādiseso’’ti (pārā. 248) mātikāyaṃ lakkhaṇassa vuttattā ca methunupasaṃhitāhi obhāsane paṭivijānantiyā saṅghādiseso, appaṭivijānantiyā thullaccayaṃ, itarehi obhāsane paṭivijānantiyā thullaccayaṃ, appaṭivijānantiyā dukkaṭanti eke, vicāretvā gahetabbaṃ. Etthāha – <span class="bld">‘‘sikharaṇī’’</span>tiādīhi akkosantassa paṭighacittaṃ uppajjati, kasmā ‘‘tivedana’’nti avatvā ‘‘dvivedana’’nti vuttanti? Rāgavasena ayaṃ āpatti, na paṭighavasena. Tasmā rāgavaseneva pavatto akkoso idha adhippeto. Tasmā ‘‘dvivedana’’nti vacanaṃ suvuttameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Duṭṭhullavācāsikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">4. Attakāmasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Duṭṭhullobhāsane vuttappakārāyā</span>ti duṭṭhullāduṭṭhullajānanasamatthāya. Parassa bhikkhuno attakāmapāricariyāya vaṇṇabhaṇane dukkaṭaṃ, ‘‘yo te vihāre vasati, tassa aggadānaṃ methunaṃ dhammaṃ dehī’’ti pariyāyavacanepi dukkaṭaṃ, ‘‘attakāmapāricariyāya vaṇṇaṃ bhāseyya, yā mādisaṃ sīlavanta’’nti ca vuttattāti eke. Pañcasu aṅgesu sabbhāvā saṅghādisesovāti eke, vicāretvā gahetabbaṃ. ‘‘Imasmiṃ sikkhāpadadvaye kāyasaṃsagge viya yakkhipetīsupi duṭṭhullattakaāmavacane thullaccayanti vadanti. Aṭṭhakathāsu pana nāgata’’nti (vajira. ṭī. pārājika 295) likhitaṃ. Ubhatobyañjanako pana paṇḍakagatikova.</p>
<p class="centered">Attakāmasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">5. Sañcarittasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Alaṃvacanīyā</span>ti <a name="M0.0052"></a><a name="V0.0048"></a> na vacanīyā, nivāraṇe <span class="bld">alaṃ</span>-saddo, na alaṃvacanīyā <span class="bld">nālaṃvacanīyā</span>. ‘‘Paṭiggaṇhāti vīmaṃsati paccāharati, āpatti saṅghādisesassā’’ti (pārā. 305) vuttattā yassa ekantena saṅghādiseso hoti, tassa paṭiggaṇhanavīmaṃsanapayogā ete dukkaṭathullaccayā natthīti vadantīti likhitaṃ. Kiñcāpi ettha ‘‘itthī nāma manussitthī, na yakkhī na petī na tiracchānagatā. Puriso nāma manussapuriso, na yakkho na peto na tiracchānagato’’ti pāḷi natthi, tathāpi kāyasaṃsaggādīsu ‘‘mātugāmo nāma manussitthī’’ti (pārā. 285) itthivavatthānassa katattā idhāpi manussitthī evāti paññāyati. Methunapubbabhāgasāmaññato itthivavatthānena purisavavatthānaṃ katameva hoti. Tenevāha ‘‘yesu sañcarittaṃ samāpajjati, tesaṃ manussajātikatā’’ti (kaṅkhā. aṭṭha. sañcarittasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā). Kāyasaṃsaggādīsu ca paṇḍakayakkhipetiyo thullaccayavatthukāva vuttā, tathā idhāpi, paṇḍakasabhāvattā manussaubhatobyañjanako ca thullaccayavatthukova hoti. Sesā manussapurisaamanussapaṇḍakaubhatobyañjanakatiracchānagatapurisādayo dukkaṭavatthukāva micchācāradassanasabhāvatoti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Sañcarittasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">6. Kuṭikārasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kiṃ bhante</span>ti ettakepi vutte. Pucchito yadatthāya paviṭṭho, taṃ kathetuṃ labhati pucchitapaññattā bhikkhācāravatteti likhitaṃ. Hatthakammaṃ yācito ‘‘upakaraṇaṃ, mūlaṃ vā dassatī’’ti yācati, vaṭṭati, na vaṭṭatīti? Vaṭṭati senāsane obhāsaparikathādīnaṃ laddhattāti eke. <span class="bld">Tihatthā vā</span>ti ettha vaḍḍhakihatthena tihatthā. <span class="bld">‘‘Pamāṇayutto mañco</span>ti pakatividatthiyā navavidatthippamāṇamañco, so tattha ito ca na sañcarati, tasmā catuhatthavitthārā na hotī’’tiādi likhitaṃ. Akuṭiyā pana vatthudesanākiccaṃ natthi ullittāvalittaṃ kātuṃ vuttattā. ‘‘Ullittādibhāvo…pe… ‘chadanameva sandhāya vutto’ti yuttamidaṃ. Kasmāti ce? Yasmā mattikāmayabhittiṃ <a name="M0.0053"></a> uṭṭhāpetvā upari ullittaṃ vā avalittaṃ vā ubhayaṃ vā bhittiyā ghaṭitaṃ karontassa āpatti eva vināpi bhittilepenā’’ti likhitaṃ. Evamettha thambhatulāpiṭṭhasaṅghāṭādi niratthakaṃ siyā. Tasmā vicāretvāva gahetabbaṃ. ‘‘Uposathāgārampi bhavissati, ahampi vasissāmī’’ti vā ‘‘bhikkhūhi vā sāmaṇerehi vā ekato vasissāmī’’ti vā karontassa vaṭṭati eva. Kasmā? ‘‘Attuddesa’’nti vuttattāti likhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idaṃ <a name="V0.0049"></a> pana sikkhāpadaṃ catutthapārājikaṃ viya nidānāpekkhaṃ. Na hi vaggumudātīriyā bhikkhū sayameva attano asantaṃ uttarimanussadhammaṃ musāvādalakkhaṇaṃ pāpetvā bhāsiṃsu. Aññamaññañhi te uttarimanussadhammavaṇṇaṃ bhāsiṃsu. Na ca tāvatā pārājikavatthu hoti, tattakena pana lesena bhagavā taṃ vatthuṃ nidānaṃ katvā pārājikaṃ paññapesi, tathā idhāpi. Na hi nidāne ‘‘adesitavatthukāyo sārambhāyo aparikkamanāyo’’ti vuttaṃ. ‘‘Appamāṇikāyo’’ti pana vuttattā pamāṇamatikkamantassa saṅghādisesova nidānāpekkho. Tattha sārambhe aparikkamane saṅghādisesappasaṅgaṃ viya dissamānaṃ ‘‘vibhaṅgo taṃniyamako’’ti vuttattā vibhaṅge na nivāreti. Tathā mahallake.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Etthāha – kimatthaṃ mātikāyaṃ dukkaṭavatthu vuttaṃ, nanu vibhaṅge eva vattabbaṃ siyāti? Evametaṃ. Kiṃ nu bhikkhū abhinetabbā vatthudesanāya, tehi bhikkhūhi vatthu desetabbaṃ, kīdisaṃ? Anārambhaṃ saparikkamananti. Itarañhi ‘‘sārambhe ce bhikkhu vatthusmiṃ aparikkamane’’ti evaṃ anuppasaṅgavasena āgatattā vuttaṃ. Yasmā vatthu nāma atthi sārambhaṃ aparikkamanaṃ, atthi anārambhaṃ saparikkamanaṃ, atthi sārambhaṃ saparikkamanaṃ, atthi anārambhaṃ aparikkamananti bahuvidhaṃ, tasmā bahuvidhattā vatthu desetabbaṃ anārambhaṃ saparikkamanaṃ, netaranti vuttaṃ hoti. Kimatthikā panettha vatthudesanāti ce? Garukāpattipaññāpanahetuparivajjanupāyattā. Vatthuadesanā hi garukāpattipaññāpanahetubhūtā. Garukāpattipaññāpanaṃ akataviññattigihipīḷājananaṃ, attadukkhaparadukkhahetubhūto ca sārambhabhāvoti ete vatthudesanāpadesena upāyena parivajjitā honti. Na hi bhikkhū akappiyakuṭikaraṇatthaṃ gihīnaṃ vā pīḷānimittaṃ, sārambhavatthukuṭikaraṇatthaṃ vā vatthuṃ desentīti. Honti cettha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Dukkaṭassa <a name="M0.0054"></a> hi vatthūnaṃ, mātikāya pakāsanā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Garukāpattihetūnaṃ, tesaṃ evaṃ pakāsitā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Vatthussa desanupāyena, garukāpattihetuyo;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Vajjitā honti yaṃ tasmā, sārambhādi jahāpita’’nti.</p>
<p class="centered">Kuṭikārasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">7. Vihārakārasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kiriyāmattato <a name="V0.0050"></a> samuṭṭhānabhāvato akiriyamevetaṃ. Taṃ desanāakaraṇavasena. <span class="bld">Bhikkhū vā anabhineyyā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">vā</span>-saddo avadhāraṇatthoti veditabbo. ‘‘Āyasmā channo cetiyarukkhaṃ chedāpesī’’ti (pārā. 365) āgatattā idampi nidānāpekkhanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Vihārakārasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">8. Duṭṭhadosasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Kasmā mama vandanādīni…pe… ‘ghaṭiteyeva sīsaṃ etī’ti vuttattā antimavatthuajjhāpannakaṃ vandituṃ na vaṭṭatī’’ti vadanti, taṃ na gahetabbaṃ. Parivārāvasāne upālipañcake ‘‘kati nu kho, bhante, avandiyā’’tiādinā (pari. 467) vuttapāḷiyaṃ avuttattā, ‘‘pacchā upasampannena pure upasampanno vandiyo’’ti (pari. 468) vuttattā ca, tasmā eva imissaṃ kaṅkhāvitaraṇiyaṃ ‘‘upasampannoti saṅkhyupagamana’’nti vuttaṃ. Suttādhippāyo pana evaṃ gahetabbo – avandanto sāmīcippaṭikkhepasaṅkhātāya codanāya codeti nāmāti dassanatthaṃ vuttanti. Tasmā eva ‘‘ettāvatā ca codanā nāma hotī’’ti vuttaṃ. Idha adhippetaṃ āpattiāpajjanākāraṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘‘kasmā mama vandanādīni na karosī’tiādi vutta’’nti likhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Katūpasampada</span>nti yassa upasampadā ruhati, taṃ, paṇḍakādayo. <span class="bld">Ṭhapanakkhetta</span>nti ettha sabbasaṅgāhikaṃ, puggalikañcāti duvidhaṃ pavāraṇāṭhapanaṃ. Tattha <a name="M0.0055"></a> sabbasaṅgāhike ‘‘suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho…pe… tevācikaṃ pavāre’’ti <span class="bld">su</span>-kārato yāva <span class="bld">re</span>-kāro. Puggalikaṭhapane pana ‘‘saṅghaṃ, bhante, pavāremi…pe… passanto paṭī’’ti <span class="bld">saṃ</span>-kārato yāva ayaṃ sabbapacchimo <span class="bld">ṭi</span>-kāro, etthantare ekapadepi ṭhapentena ṭhapitā hoti. Uposathe pana iminānusārena viseso veditabbo ‘‘kareyyā’’ti <span class="bld">re</span>-kāre anatikkamante.</p>
<p class="centered">Duṭṭhadosasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">9. Aññabhāgiyasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aññabhāgo</span> <a name="V0.0051"></a> <span class="bld">vā assa atthī</span>ti yathā suvaṇṇassedaṃ sovaṇṇamityatra suvaṇṇavā anena suvaṇṇo ityuccate. Taṃ paṭimāya sarīraṃ, silāputtakassa sarīranti ca nidassanaṃ. Chagalakassa ‘‘dabbo’’ti dinnaṃ nāmaṃ ‘‘deso’’ti vuccati. Kasmā? Theraṃ anuddhaṃsetuṃ therassāpi apadisitabbattā. <span class="bld">Aññampi vatthuṃ</span> na theraṃyeva. <span class="bld">Lissati silissati vohāramatteneva</span>na atthato. <span class="bld">Īsakaṃ allīyatī</span>ti lesoti adhippāyo. Lisaselachakolaallībhāve. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘īsakaṃ allīyatīti leso’’ti. Yasmā desalesā atthato ninnānākaraṇaṃ, tasmā ‘‘kiñcidesaṃ lesamattaṃ upādāyā’’ti padaṃ uddharitvā ‘‘dasa lesā jātileso’’tiādi (pārā. 394) padabhājane vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aṭṭhuppattivaseneva āvibhūta</span>nti ettha kiñca bhiyyo aniyamattā. Na hi mettiyabhūmajakānaṃ viya aññesaṃ sabbesampi ‘‘chagalakamevettha aññabhāgiyaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ hoti, aññaṃ gomahiṃsādikampi hoti, na ca mettiyabhūmajakā viya sabbepi nāmalesamattameva upādiyanti, aññampi jātilesādiṃ upādiyanti, tasmā aniyamattā na vibhattaṃ. Kiñca bhiyyo tathāvutte chagalakasseva aññabhāgiyatā sambhavati, na aññassa, yena sova dassito. Leso ca nāma lesova, na jātiādi, yena sova dassitoti evaṃ micchāgāhappasaṅgatoti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Idha ca…pe… saññinopī</span>ti imasmiṃ sikkhāpade ca amūlakasikkhāpade cāti attho.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Aññabhāgiyasikkhaṃ <a name="M0.0056"></a> yo, neva sikkhati yuttito;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Gacche vinayaviññūhi, aññabhāgiyataṃva so. (vajira. ṭī. pārājika 408);</p>
<p class="centered">Aññabhāgiyasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">11. Bhedānuvattakasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tiṇṇaṃ uddhaṃ kammārahā…pe… karotī</span>ti ettha ‘‘ime cattāro’’ti vā ‘‘imañca imañcā’’ti vā vatvā kātuṃ na vaṭṭatīti likhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Bhedānuvattakasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">12. Dubbacasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dukkhena <a name="V0.0052"></a> vattabbo <span class="bld">dubbaco. Vuccamāno</span> na sahati.</p>
<p class="centered">Dubbacasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Nigamanavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Nāmamattavasenā’’</span>ti pāṭho. ‘‘Nāmagottavasenā’’ti likhitaṃ. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – ‘‘ayaṃ kiriyā bhikkhūnaṃ kātuṃ na vaṭṭatī’’ti jānitvā sace chādeti, channāva hotīti attho. <span class="bld">Sabhāgamattamevā</span>ti averisabhāgamattamevāti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vatthu ceva gottañcā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">vatthū</span>ti vītikkamanaṃ asucimuccanaṃ. Gottanti gaṃ tāyatīti gottaṃ, sajātito aññattha gantuṃ adatvā gaṃ buddhiṃ, vacanañca tāyatīti attho. Vatthu ca sajātimeva gacchati. <span class="bld">Sajāti</span> nāmettha aññehi visiṭṭhāvisiṭṭhabhūtā kiriyā, na kāyasaṃsaggādi. <span class="bld">Nāmañceva āpatti cā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">āpattī</span>ti vītikkamenāpannāpattiyā nāmaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Puna</span> <a name="M0.0057"></a> <span class="bld">āgatāgatānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ ārocentenā</span>ti ettha dvinnaṃ ārocentena ‘‘āyasmantā dhārentu’’tiṇṇaṃ vā atirekānaṃ vā ārocentena ‘‘āyasmanto dhārentū’’ti evaṃ ārocanavidhānaṃ veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Vattabhedañca ratticchedañca akatvā</span>ti ettha ṭhapetvā navakataraṃ pārivāsikaṃ avasesānaṃ antamaso mūlāyapaṭikassanārahādīnampi abhivādanādisādiyane, paṭipāṭiyā nisīdane, ovadane, kammikānaṃ garahaṇe cātiādīsu vattabhedo hoti. Dassanasavanavisayesu anārocane ca bhikkhūhi ekacchanne vasane ca ajānantasseva vihāre bhikkhūnaṃ āgantvā gamane cātiādīsu ratticchedo hoti. Nānāsaṃvāsakehi vinayakammābhāvato tesaṃ anārocane ratticchedo na hoti. ‘‘Dve leḍḍupāte atikkamitvā’’ti vacanato anto na vaṭṭati. Nikkhittavatteneva hutvā vicarantena yassa santike pubbe samādiyitvā ārocitaṃ, tassāpi santike pacchā nikkhipanakāle ārocetvāva nikkhipitabbaṃ. Tasmā puna samādānakālepi so ce tato gacchati, taṃ divasaṃ agantvā divā ārocetvāpi yadi evaṃ atītadivasaṃ hoti, ‘‘aruṇe uṭṭhite tassa santike ārocetvā vattaṃ nikkhipitvā vihāraṃ gantabbanti tassa santike ārocetvā vattaṃ nikkhipitabba’’nti vuttaṃ. Apica ‘‘vihāraṃ gantvā yaṃ sabbapaṭhamaṃ <a name="V0.0053"></a> bhikkhuṃ passati, tassa ārocetvā nikkhipitabba’’nti vuttaṃ. Sace ratticchedo hoti, vihārasīmāpariyāpannānaṃ sabbesaṃ ārocetabbaṃ siyā. ‘‘Tassa ārocetvā’’ti idaṃ pana pubbe anārocitaṃ sandhāya vattabhedarakkhaṇatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Tasmā eva <span class="bld">samantapāsādikāyaṃ</span> (cūḷava. aṭṭha. 97) evaṃ vuttaṃ ‘‘aññaṃ vihārato nikkhantaṃ vā āgantukaṃ vā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Suddhantaparivāse</span> pana sace ‘‘māsamattaṃ asuddhomhī’’ti aggahesi, parivasanto puna ūnaṃ vā adhikaṃ vā sanniṭṭhānaṃ karoti, tattakampi parivasitabbameva, parivāsadānakiccaṃ natthi. Ayañhi suddhantaparivāso nāma uddhampi ārohati, heṭṭhāpi orohati. Idamassa lakkhaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samodahitvā</span>ti mūlāpattiṭṭhāne ṭhapetvā, pakkhipitvāti attho. Appaṭicchannā ce antarāpatti, mūlāya paṭikassanaṃ akatvā pubbe gahitaparivāseneva parivasitabbaṃ. Yo pana āpattiṃ āpajjitvā vibbhamitvā puna upasampanno <a name="M0.0058"></a> hutvāpi paṭicchādeti, yo ca pubbe paṭicchādetvā pacchā na paṭicchādeti, yo ca ubhayattha paṭicchādeti, sabbesaṃ paṭicchannadivasavasena parivāso dātabbo. ‘‘Purimasmiṃ āpattikkhandhe vā’’ti ca ‘‘pacchimasmiṃ āpattikkhandhe vā’’ti (cūḷava. 166 ādayo) ca pāḷiyaṃ vuttattā dve bhikkhū visuddhikaṃ āpannā honti, te suddhikadiṭṭhino honti. Eko chādeti, eko na chādeti. Yo chādeti, so dukkaṭaṃ desāpetabbo. ‘‘Ubhopi yathādhammaṃ kārāpetabbā’’ti (cūḷava. 181) vacanato yaṃ kañci āpattiṃ chādetvā dukkaṭaṃ āpajjatīti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tesu gatesu vā agatesu vā purimanayeneva paṭipajjitabba</span>nti ettha ūne gaṇe caraṇaṃ, anuṭṭhahanaṃ ekarattampi gaṇena vippavāsaṃ, sace rattiyā ekakkhaṇena saṅgho vasati, sace so pure aruṇameva kenaci karaṇīyena gatoti etthapi mānattepi evaṃ jāte. ‘‘Ayañca yasmā gaṇassa ārocetvā, bhikkhūnañca atthibhāvaṃ sallakkhetvāva vasi, tenassa ūne gaṇe caraṇadoso vā vippavāso vā na hotī’’ti (cūḷava. aṭṭha. 97) <span class="bld">samantapāsādikāyaṃ</span> vuttaṃ. Tasmā tena ārocite muhuttampi nisīditvā gatepi vippavāso natthi. Pārivāsikassa, ukkhittakassa ca pakatattena tasmiṃ vasanaṃ udakapātena vāritaṃ, tasmā nānūpacārepi ekacchanne na vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni pāṭhavicāraṇā veditabbā – <span class="bld">‘‘nava paṭhamāpattikā cattāro yāvatatiyakā’’</span>ti idaṃ sabhāvaniyamavacanaṃ. Tena vuṭṭhānaṃ aniyamanti dasseti. Ekaccāpattivuṭṭhānañhi kammatopi <a name="V0.0054"></a> hoti akammatopi, na evaṃ āpajjananti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Aññataraṃ vā aññataraṃ vā</span>ti tesaṃ dvidhā bhinnānampi vuṭṭhānakkamabhedābhāvadīpakavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Yāvatīhaṃ, tāvatīha</span>nti ettha ahaparicchedo aruṇavasena. <span class="bld">‘‘Jāna’’</span>nti iminā jānanappaṭicchannassa akāmā parivatthabbanti dasseti. <span class="bld">Tena bhikkhunā akāmā parivatthabba</span>nti tena bhikkhunā vasatā akāmā parivatthabbaṃ, na parivattitaliṅgenāti dassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Parivutthaparivāsenā</span>ti ādimhi parivutthaparivāseneva parivāsato uttari itivārena ādito bhikkhunāva chārattaṃ, parivattitaliṅgena uddhampi bhikkhumānattāya paṭipajjitabbaṃ, na parivāse viya tappaccayā aciṇṇamānatto. Ciṇṇamānattova abbhetabbo, na itaro, na parivāse viya mānattārahe, pakkhamānattañca <a name="M0.0059"></a> carantiyā bhikkhuniyā liṅgaṃ parivattātikkame sati ciṇṇamānatto bhikkhu hoti, puna bhikkhumānattaṃ gahetvā ciṇṇamānattova bhikkhu abbhetabboti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yattha siyā</span>ti yassaṃ samānasaṃvāsakasīmāyampi vīsatigaṇo bhikkhusaṅgho atthi. <span class="bld">Ekenapi ce ūno vīsatigaṇo</span>ti na yujjati, ūno ce. Na hi vīsatigaṇo, saṅgho ce ūno. Tasmā ‘‘ekenapi ce ūno saṅgho’’ti ettakameva vattabbanti ce? Na, catuvaggapañcavaggadasavaggappasaṅganivāraṇappayojanato. Tasmā vīsativaggo bhikkhusaṅgho ce bhikkhunā ekenapi ūno, naṭṭho daṭṭhabbo. Keci pana vinaye appakataññuno ‘‘yathā atirekacatuvaggopi saṅgho catuvaggakaraṇīye kamme ‘catuvaggo’ti vuccati, tathā pañcavaggadasavaggakaraṇīye kamme atirekapañcavaggadasavaggopi ‘pañcavaggadasavaggo’ti vuccati. Tasmā ūnopi catuvaggapañcavaggadasavaggavīsativaggovā’’ti maññeyyuṃ, tesaṃ maññanānivāraṇatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ekenapi ce ūno’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Atha vā vīsati bhikkhusaṅgho ce, ṭhapetvā ekenapi ce ūno appakatatto, taṃ ṭhapetvā ekenapi ceti evamettha attho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ tattha sāmīcī</span>ti vacanaṃ yaṃ vuttaṃ sabbattha ‘‘tassa āpattiyā parivāsaṃ deti, mūlāya paṭikassati, mānattaṃ deti, abbhetī’’ti, tassa āvibhāvakaraṇatthaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Tena tesu ayaṃ yathāvuttā sāmīci niyatā icchitabbā, na rājasikkhāpadādīsu viya aniyatā. Tattha hi kenaci antarāyena taṃ sāmīcimakarontepi anāpattīti dīpitaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="centered">Saṅghādisesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter">Aniyatakaṇḍaṃ</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Paṭhamāniyatasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aniyate <a name="M0.0060"></a><a name="V0.0055"></a> āditova idaṃ pakiṇṇakaṃ. Seyyathidaṃ – idaṃ aniyatakaṇḍaṃ nippayojanaṃ tattha apubbābhāvatoti ce? Na, garukalahukabhedabhinnāpattiropanāropanakkamalakkhaṇadīpanappayojanato. Ettha hi ‘‘sā ce evaṃ vadeyya ‘ayyo mayā…pe… so ca taṃ paṭijānāti, āpattiyā kāretabbo’’’tiādinā (pārā. 446) āpattiyā garukāya, lahukāya ca āropanakkamalakkhaṇaṃ, ‘‘na kāretabbo’’ti iminā anāropanakkamalakkhaṇañca dassitaṃ. Lakkhaṇadīpanato ādimhi, ante vā uddisitabbanti ce? Na, asambhavato. Kathaṃ na tāva ādimhi sambhavati, yesamidaṃ lakkhaṇaṃ, tesaṃ sikkhāpadānaṃ adassitattā. Na ante garukamissakattā. Tasmā garukalahukānaṃ majjhe eva uddisitabbataṃ arahati ubhayamissakattā. Yā tattha pācittiyasaṅkhātā lahukāpatti dassitā, sāpi garukāti kathitā. Tenevāha ‘‘methunadhammasannissitakilesasaṅkhātena rahassādenā’’tiādi. Tasmā garukānaṃ eva anantaraṃ uddiṭṭhantipi eke. Evaṃ sati paṭhamāniyatamevālaṃ tāvatā lakkhaṇadīpanasiddhito, kiṃ dutiyenāti ce? Na, okāsaniyamapaccayamicchāgāhanivāraṇappayojanato. ‘‘Paṭicchanne āsane alaṃkammaniye’’ti okāsaniyamato hi tabbiparīte okāse idaṃ lakkhaṇaṃ na vikappitanti micchāgāho hoti. Taṃnivāraṇato dutiyāniyatampi sātthakamevāti adhippāyo. Kasmā? Okāsabhedato, rahobhedadīpanato, rahonisajjassādabhedadīpanato. Okāsaniyamabhāve ca rahonisajjassādabhedo jāto. Dvinnaṃ rahonisajjasikkhāpadānaṃ nānāttajānanañca siyā tathā kāyasaṃsaggabhedadīpanato. Nālaṃ kammaniyepi hi okāse appaṭicchanne, paṭicchannepi vā nisinnāya vātapānakavāṭacchiddādīhi nikkhantakesādiggahaṇena kāyasaṃsaggo labbhatīti evamādayopi nayā vitthārato veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatridaṃ <a name="V0.0056"></a> mukhamattanidassanaṃ – <span class="bld">okāsabhedato</span>ti alaṃkammaniyanālaṃkammaniyabhedato. Paṭicchannampi hi ekaccaṃ nālaṃkammaniyaṃ vātapānādinā antaritattā<a name="M0.0061"></a>, ubhayappaṭicchannampi ekaccaṃ nālaṃkammaniyaṃ vijānataṃ ajjhokāsattā. <span class="bld">Rahobhedadīpanato</span>ti ettha rahabhāvasāmaññepi raho dvidhā paṭicchannāpaṭicchannabhedatoti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Rahonisajjassādabhedadīpanato</span>ti methunassādavasena nisajjā, duṭṭhullassādavasena nisajjāti tādisassa bhedassa dīpanatoti attho. ‘‘Idha āgatanayattā bhikkhunipātimokkhe idaṃ kaṇḍaṃ parihīnanti veditabba’’nti vadanti. ‘‘Aṭṭhuppattiyā tattha anuppannattā’’ti eke, taṃ anekantabhāvadīpanato ayuttaṃ. Sabbabuddhakāle hi bhikkhūnaṃ pañca, bhikkhunīnaṃ cattāro ca uddesā santi. Pātimokkhuddesapaññattiyā asādhāraṇattā tattha niddiṭṭhasaṅghādisesapācittiyānanti eke. Tāsañhi bhikkhunīnaṃ ubbhajāṇumaṇḍalika (pāci. 658) -aṭṭhavatthuka (pāci. 675) -vasena kāyasaṃsaggaviseso pārājikavatthu, ‘‘hatthaggahaṇaṃ vā sādiyeyya, kāyaṃ vā tadatthāya upasaṃhareyyā’’ti (pāci. 675) vacanato sādiyanampi, ‘‘santiṭṭheyya vā’’ti (pāci. 675) vacanato ṭhānampi, ‘‘saṅketaṃ vā gaccheyyā’’ti (pāci. 675) vacanato gamanampi, ‘‘channaṃ vā anupaviseyyā’’ti (pāci. 675) vacanato paṭicchannaṭṭhānappavesopi hoti, tathā ‘‘rattandhakāre appadīpe, paṭicchanne okāse ajjhokāse ekenekā santiṭṭheyya vā sallapeyya vā’’ti (pāci. 839) vacanato duṭṭhullavācāpi pācittiyavatthukanti katvā tāsaṃ aññathā aniyatakaṇḍassa avattabbatāpattito na vuttanti tesaṃ adhippāyo. Pakiṇṇakaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Desanāvuṭṭhānagāminīnaṃ āpattīnaṃ vasena alajjiādayo lajjīnaṃ codessantī’’ti āgatattā lajjipaggahatthāya patirūpāyapi upāsikāya vacanena akatvā bhikkhusseva paṭiññāya kātabbanti āpattiyo pana lakkhaṇadassanatthaṃ paññattaṃ vitthāranayameva gahetvā vattuṃ yuttaṃ ‘‘ime kho panāyasmanto dve aniyatā dhammā’’ti (pārā. 443) uddesadassanattāti likhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Sotassa raho</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">raho</span>ti vacanasāmaññato vuttaṃ. Duṭṭhullasāmaññato duṭṭhullārocanappaṭicchādanasikkhāpadesu pārājikavacanaṃ viya. Tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘cakkhusseva pana raho ‘raho’ti idha adhippeto’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Kathaṃ paññāyatīti ce? ‘‘Mātugāmo nāma…pe… antamaso tadahujātāpi dārikā’’ti (pārā. 445) vuttattā duṭṭhullobhāsanaṃ idha nādhippetanti dīpitamevāti. <span class="bld">Antodvādasahatthepī</span>ti <a name="M0.0062"></a> <span class="bld">pi</span>-saddena apihitakavāṭassa gabbhassa dvāre nisinnopīti attho. Acelakavagge rahopaṭicchannāsanasikkhāpade (pāci. 288) ‘‘yo koci viññū puriso dutiyo hotī’’ti imassa anurūpato <span class="bld">‘‘itthīnaṃ pana satampi anāpattiṃ na karotiyevā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. ‘‘Alaṃkammaniyeti sakkā hoti methunaṃ dhammaṃ paṭisevitu’’nti (pārā. 445) vibhaṅge <a name="V0.0057"></a> vacanato rahonisajjassādo cettha methunadhammasannissitakileso, na dutiye viya duṭṭhullavācassādakileso. Tasmā ca paññāyati sotassa raho nādhippetoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tiṇṇaṃ dhammānaṃ aññatarena vadeyyā</span>ti rahonisajjasikkhāpadavasena nisinnassa tassānusārena pācittiyameva avatvā pārājikasaṅghādisesāyapi āpattiyā bhedadassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Puna āpattippaṭijānanaṃ avatvā kasmā ‘‘nisajjaṃ bhikkhu paṭijānamāno’’ti vatthuppaṭijānanaṃ vuttanti? Vuccate – āpattiyā codite vinayadharena ‘‘kismiṃ vatthusmi’’nti pucchite cuditakena ‘‘imasmiṃ vatthusmi’’nti vutte vinayadharena ‘‘īdisaṃ nāma akāsī’’ti pucchite so vatthuṃ paṭijānamānova kāretabboti dassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘nisajjaṃ bhikkhu paṭijānamāno’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Yadi evaṃ nisajjaṃ paṭijānamānopi āpattiyāva kāretabboti? Anurūpameva. Evaṃ pana gahetabbaṃ – tiṇṇampi āpattīnaṃ vatthūni aggahetvā idha sikkhāpadavasena nisajjameva vuttaṃ. Tasmiṃ gahitepi hi āpatti gahitāva hotīti. <span class="bld">Yena vā sā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">vā</span>-saddo ‘‘tena so bhikkhu kāretabbo vā’’ti yojetabbo. So ca vikappattho. Tasmā ‘‘kāretabbo vā paṭijānamāno, na vā kāretabbo appaṭijānamāno’’ti attho. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘paṭijānamāno vā’’</span>tiādi. Rahonisajjasikkhāpadavasena nisajjapaccayā āpattiyā vuttattā sesesupi sesasikkhāpadavasena āpatti gahetabbā. <span class="bld">‘‘Samuṭṭhānādīni paṭhamapārājikasadisānevā’’</span>ti vuttattā idha duṭṭhullobhāsanassa anadhippetabhāvo veditabbo.</p>
<p class="centered">Paṭhamāniyatasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">2. Dutiyāniyatasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saṅghādisesena</span> <a name="M0.0063"></a> <span class="bld">vā</span>ti kāyasaṃsaggaduṭṭhullobhāsanena. Tasmā evaṃ kāyasaṃsaggavāro pāḷiyampi vutto. <span class="bld">Anandho abadhiro</span>ti anandho kāyasaṃsaggaṃ passati, abadhiro duṭṭhullaṃ suṇāti, tasmā eva adinnādānasadisānevāti vutta’’nti likhitaṃ. Ettha ca kāyavācācittato samuṭṭhānaṃ kathanti ce? Kāyasaṃsaggañhi samāpajjanto duṭṭhullampi bhaṇati, duṭṭhullaṃ bhaṇanto nisīdati cāti sambhavati, duṭṭhullameva vā sandhāya vuttaṃ. Tañhi adinnādānasamuṭṭhānanti.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Yo <a name="V0.0058"></a> desanaṃ sabbavidūpamova;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Nānānayākāravicittabhedaṃ;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Ñātuṃ upāyāna mano satimā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Taṃ lābhahetuṃ na karoti puññanti.</p>
<p class="centered">Dutiyāniyatasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Aniyatavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter">Nissaggiyakaṇḍaṃ</p>
<p class="title">1. Cīvaravaggo</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Kathinasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nissaggiyakaṇḍe <a name="M0.0064"></a><a name="V0.0059"></a> tiṇṇaṃ kathinasikkhāpadānaṃ, vassikasāṭikaaccekacīvarasāsaṅkasikkhāpadānañca ekadesanāya tathākiṇṇāpattikkhandhāva veditabbā –</p>
<p class="gatha1">Kathinaṃ yassa cattāro, sahajā samayadvayaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Channaṃ sikkhāpadānañca, ekadesavinicchayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">kathina</span>nti ‘‘saṅghassa anumodanāya, gaṇassa anumodanāya, puggalassa atthārā saṅghassa atthataṃ hoti kathina’’nti (pari. 414) vacanato tesaṃyeva anumodanādidhammānaṃ saṅgaho <span class="bld">kathinaṃ</span> nāma. Yathāha ‘‘kathinaṃ jānitabbanti tesaññeva dhammānaṃ saṅgaho samavāyo nāmaṃ nāmakamma’’ntiādi (pari. 412). Tasmā <span class="bld">kathina</span>nti idaṃ bahūsu dhammesu nāmamattaṃ, na paramatthato eko dhammo. Ko panassa atthāroti? Tadekadesova khīrassa dhārā viya. Yathā cāha ‘‘atthāro ekena dhammena saṅgahito vacībhedenā’’ti. <span class="bld">Sahajā</span> nāma aṭṭha mātikā, dve palibodhā, pañcānisaṃsāti ime pannarasa dhammā. <span class="bld">Samayadvayaṃ</span> nāma kathinatthārasamayo, cīvarasamayo cāti. Tattha <span class="bld">kathinatthārasamayo</span> vassānassa pacchimo māso. <span class="bld">Cīvarasamayo</span> nāma anatthate kathine ayaṃ kattikamāso, atthate cattāro hemantikā cāti pañca māsā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">aṭṭha mātikā</span> nāma pakkamanantikādayo. Tā sabbāpi atthārena ekato uppajjanti nāma. Tabbhāvabhāvitāya atthāre sati uddhāro sambhavati. Tattha kathinatthārena ekuppādā <a name="V0.0060"></a> ekanirodhā antarubbhāro sahubbhāro, avasesā kathinubbhārā ekuppādā, nānānirodhā ca. Tattha <span class="bld">ekanirodhā</span>ti atthārena saha nirodhā, antarubbhārasahubbhārānaṃ uddhārābhāvo ekakkhaṇe hotīti attho. Sesā nānā nirujjhanti nāma. Tesu hi uddhārabhāvaṃ pattesupi atthāro tiṭṭhati evāti aṭṭhakathāyaṃ atthavibhāvanā. Sace atthate kathine bhikkhusmiṃ sāpekkhe <a name="M0.0065"></a> tamhā āvāsā pakkamante saṅgho <span class="bld">antarubbhāraṃ</span> karoti, tassa bhikkhuno paṭhamameva mūlāvāse niṭṭhitacīvarapalibodhābhāvepi sati antarubbhāre palibodho chijjati satipi sāpekkhatāya saussāhattā. Iminā pariyāyena <span class="bld">pakkamanantiko kathinuddhāro</span> atthārena ekuppādo nānānirodho hoti. Tathā antarubbhāre sati suṇantassāpi yāva cīvaraniṭṭhānaṃ na gacchati, tāva parihārasambhavato <span class="bld">niṭṭhānantiko</span>. Yāva sanniṭṭhānaṃ na gacchati, tāva parihārasambhavato <span class="bld">sanniṭṭhānantiko</span>. Yāva na nassati, tāva parihārasambhavato <span class="bld">nāsanantiko</span>. Yāva na suṇāti, tāva parihārasambhavato <span class="bld">savanantiko</span>. Yāva cīvarāsā na chijjati, tāva parihārasambhavato <span class="bld">āsāvacchediko</span>. Yāva sīmaṃ nātikkamati, tāva parihārasambhavato <span class="bld">sīmātikkantiko</span>. Atthārena ekuppādo nānānirodho hotīti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha antarubbhārasahubbhārā dve antosīmāyaṃ eva sambhavanti, na bahisīmāyaṃ. Pakkamanasavanasīmātikkantikā bahisīmāyameva sambhavanti, na antosīmāyaṃ. Niṭṭhānasaaāṭṭhānāsāvacchedikā antosīmāyañceva bahisīmāyañca. Antarubbhāro saṅghāyatto, pakkamananiṭṭhānasanniṭṭhānasīmātikkantikā puggalādhīnā, sesā tadubhayaviparītā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">‘‘niṭṭhitacīvarasmi’’</span>nti iminā cīvarapalibodhābhāvameva dīpeti. Na āvāsapalibodhābhāvaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Ubbhatasmiṃ kathine’’</span>ti iminā ubhayapalibodhābhāvaṃ dīpeti, tasmā ubhayapalibodhābhāvadīpanatthaṃ tadeva vattabbanti ce? Na, visesattā. Kathaṃ? Kāmañcetaṃ tasmā ‘‘ubbhatasmiṃ kathine’’ti kesañci kathinuddhārānaṃ nānānirodhattā, saṅghapuggalādhīnānadhīnattā ca antobahiubhayasīmāsu niyamāniyamato ca ubbhatasmiṃ kathine saṅghassa, na puggalassa ubbhataṃ hoti, tathāpi ‘‘ubbhatasmiṃ kathine’’ti idaṃ sāmaññavacanaṃ. Tasmā ‘‘niṭṭhitacīvarasmi’’nti iminā niyameti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kiṃ vuttaṃ hoti – saṅghassa antarubbhārena ubbhatasmiṃ kathine acchinnacīvarapalibodho bahisīmāgato pacchā gantvā attano sīmāgato aniṭṭhitacīvaro ānisaṃsaṃ labhati evāti katvā ‘‘niṭṭhitacīvarasmi’’nti vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">āvāsapalibodho</span> nāma vasati vā tasmiṃ <a name="V0.0061"></a> āvāse, sāpekkho vā pakkamati. <span class="bld">Cīvarapalibodho</span> nāma cīvaraṃ akataṃ <a name="M0.0066"></a> vippakataṃ, cīvarāsānupacchinnā, tabbiparītena apalibodho veditabbo. Tattha anatthatakathinānaṃ cīvarakālasamaye niyamato cattāro ānisaṃsā labbhanti, asamādānacāro aniyamato. Tena sāsaṅkasikkhāpadaṃ vuttaṃ. Kathaṃ cattāro niyatāti ce? ‘‘Cīvarakālasamayo nāma anatthate kathine vassānassa pacchimo māso’’ti (pārā. 649) vacanato anatthatakathinānaṃ tasmiṃ māse yāvadatthacīvaraṃ siddhaṃ, tathā tatiyakathinasikkhāpade (pārā. 497 ādayo) akālacīvaraṃ nāma piṭṭhisamayato paṭṭhāya taṃ paṭiggahetvā saṅghato labhitabbaṃ ce, yāva cīvarakālasamayaṃ nikkhipitvā bhājetvā gahetabbaṃ. Puggalikaṃ ce, vassānassa chaṭṭhapakkhassa pañcamito paṭṭhāya yāva cīvarakālasamayaṃ anadhiṭṭhitaṃ avikappitaṃ vaṭṭati accekacīvarasikkhāpadena anuññātattā, na tato paraṃ. Tadā uppannacīvarassa paṭisiddhattā paṭhamakathinena. Tattha aṭṭhakathāyaṃ vuttanayo saṅghikaṃ sandhāya, tathā <span class="bld">porāṇagaṇṭhipade</span> cāti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paṭhamakathine (pārā. 459 ādayo) paṭhamapaññattiyā, avisesena vā ekādasame divase āpatti. Vassānassa hi antonivāraṇatthaṃ aṭṭhakathāya ‘‘niṭṭhitacīvarasmiṃ bhikkhunā ubbhatasmiṃ kathine’’ti (pārā. 462 ādayo) vuttaṃ. Eseva nayo dutiye, tatiye ca. Tena cīvarakālato pure vā anto vā uppannaṃ cīvarakālato uddhaṃ ekadivasampi parihāraṃ na labhati. Yadi labheyya, accekacīvarasikkhāpadavirodho. ‘‘Yāva cīvarakālasamayaṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ, tato ce uttari nikkhipeyya, nissaggiya’’nti (pārā. 648) hi tattha vuttaṃ. Vassāvāsikabhāvena saṅghato laddhaṃ vuṭṭhavassattā attano santakabhūtaṃ accekacīvaraṃ cīvarakālasamayaṃ atikkāmayato eva āpatti, na accekacīvarakālaṃ atikkāmayato āpattīti. ‘‘Anatthate kathine ekādasamāse uppanna’’nti (pārā. 500) vacanato yo ca tattha cīvaruppādo, so ca nesaṃ bhavissatīti siddhaṃ, anāmantacāragaṇabhojanasikkhāpade ‘‘aññatra samayā’’ti (pāci. 222 ādayo) vuttattā sesadvayaṃ siddhameva. Tasmā ‘‘kālepi ādissa dinnaṃ, etaṃ akālacīvara’’nti (pārā. 500) vacanato ādissa dinnacīvaraṃ parihāraṃ na labhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparakattikāyameva vā ubbhatasmiṃ kathine labhati, evaṃ ‘‘ubbhatasmiṃ kathine’’ti vuttattāti ce? Na vattabbaṃ. Cha ṭhānāni hi sāpekkhatāya vuttāni<a name="M0.0067"></a>. Duṭṭhadosadvaye adhikaraṇacatutthaṃ, paṭhamāniyate sotassa raho, tatiyakathine ādissa dinnaṃ cīvaraṃ, accekacīvarasikkhāpade <a name="V0.0062"></a> ‘‘saññāṇaṃ katvā nikkhipitabba’’nti padaṃ, duṭṭhullārocanappaṭicchādanadvaye adhikaraṇaṃ, pārājikavacanañca, tīsu kathinasikkhāpadesu ‘‘aṭṭhannaṃ mātikānaṃ aññatarāyā’’ti vacananti. Tattha <span class="bld">ādissa dinnaṃ cīvaraṃ</span> saṅghikaṃ bhājitabbacīvaraṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ, na puggalikaṃ. <span class="bld">Saññāṇaṃ katvā nikkhipitabba</span>nti vassāvāsikacīvaraṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Avuṭṭhavassena pacchā dātabbattā saññāṇaṃ kātabbaṃ, na ñātippavāritato laddhaṃ puggalikaṃ sandhāya. Tasmā duvidhaṃ accekacīvaraṃ saṅghe ninnaṃ, puggale ninnañcāti siddhaṃ. Tattha saṅghe pariṇataṃ accekacīvaraṃ vassūpanāyikadivasato paṭṭhāya, piṭṭhisamayato paṭṭhāya vā yāva pavāraṇā nikkhipituṃ vaṭṭati eva saṅghikattā, puggalikampi ‘‘vassaṃvuṭṭhakāle gaṇhathā’’ti dinnattā. Tādisañhi yāva vassaṃvuṭṭho na hoti, tāva tasseva dāyakassa santakaṃ hoti. Ettako visesahetu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Anaccekacīvare anaccekacīvarasaññī cīvarakālasamayaṃ atikkāmeti, anāpattī’’ti vacanato accekacīvarakasseva so aparādho. Yena ‘‘virodho’’ti vacanaṃ dasseyyāti na vinaye visesahetu pariyesitabbo. Buddhavisayattā pamāṇanti ce? Na, yadi evaṃ ettha attano santakabhūtampi accekacīvaraṃ saññāṇaṃ katvā nikkhipitabbameva, na adhiṭṭhātabbaṃ na vikappetabbaṃ na vissajjetabbaṃ. Tato ‘‘anāpatti, antosamaye adhiṭṭheti vikappeti vissajjetī’’tiādivacanavirodho (pārā. 651) adhivāsetabbo siyā. Tathā ‘‘vassānassa pacchime māse kathinuddhāre kate tasmiṃ māse atthate kathine kathinuddhāradivasaṃ atikkāmeti, nissaggiyaṃ hotī’’ti vacanato nissaggiyaṃ hotīti ayampi atthavirodho adhivāsetabbo siyā. Tasmiñca ‘‘anaccekacīvare anāpattī’’ti vuttaṃ, tañca anadhiṭṭhitaṃ avikappitamevāti ettako visesahetu. Atirekacīvarañcetaṃ paṭhamasikkhāpadenāpatti, itaraṃ ce anāpattiyevāti imassa atthassa ayaṃ bhagavato visesahetu. Tathā atirekadasāhānāgatāyeva kattikapuṇṇamāya saṅghassa vassāvāsikatthaṃ accekacīvaraṃ viya dadamānaṃ na <a name="M0.0068"></a> gahetabbaṃ, dasāhānāgatāya eva gahetabbanti ettako visesahetu. Tato aṭṭhakathānayavirodho ca adhivāsetabbo siyā. Tattha ‘‘adhiṭṭhitato paṭṭhāya uppannaṃ accekacīvaraṃ na hotī’’ti vatvā aññathā nayo dassito. <span class="bld">Porāṇagaṇṭhipade</span> so ca nayo saṅghikaṃ upādāya vuttattā na virujjhatīti neva so ca paṭikkhitto. Yathā anaccekacīvaraṃ chaṭṭhito paṭṭhāya uppannaṃ atirekadasāhānāgatāyapi paṭiggahetabbaṃ, paṭiggahetvā cīvarakālasamayaṃ atikkāmayatopi anāpattīti ayampi nayo adhivāsetabbo siyā. Tato paṭhamakathinavirodho. Dasāhānāgatāya eva paṭiggahetabbaṃ, paṭiggahetvā <a name="V0.0063"></a> cīvarakālasamayaṃ atikkāmayato anāpattīti ce, taṃ dve dasāhe labhatīti ettako visesahetu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Antarā anāpattikkhettacīvarakālappaviṭṭhattā adhiṭṭhahitvā paccuddhaṭaṃ viya taṃ punapi dasāhe labhatīti ce? Na, kālappaveso adhiṭṭhānaṃ viya hotīti ce? Na, ‘‘vassikasāṭikaṃ vassānaṃ cātumāsaṃ adhiṭṭhātuṃ, tato paraṃ vikappetu’’nti vacanavirodhaṃ katvā, tato paraṃ dasāhaṃ avikappentassāpi anāpatti siyā. Apica yaṃ vuttaṃ aṭṭhakathāyaṃ ‘‘vassikasāṭikā antovasse laddhā ceva niṭṭhitā ca, antodasāhe adhiṭṭhātabbā, dasāhātikkame niṭṭhitā, tadaheva adhiṭṭhātabbā, dasāhe appahonte cīvarakālaṃ nātikkāmetabbā’’ti (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.630). Tena āpattito na mucceyya. Kālappaveso hi adhiṭṭhānapariyāyo na jātoti. Ettāvatā yathāvutto atthavikappo pāḷinayeneva patiṭṭhāpito hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apicettha yaṃ vuttaṃ aṭṭhakathāyaṃ ‘‘dasāhe appahonte cīvarakālaṃ nātikkāmetabbā’’ti, tatthapi cīvarakāle uppannaṃ, dasāhe appahonte cassa karaṇaṃ natthi, taṃ accekacīvaraṃ akālacīvaramiva cīvarakālaṃ nātikkāmetabbanti siddhametaṃ. Pāḷito ca tañce antokāle uppajjati, dasāhe appahontepi uppajjati, evaṃ uppannaṃ accekacīvaraṃ accekacīvarameva na hoti. Na hi taṃ kālavisesavasena accekacīvarasaṅkhaṃ gacchati. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘accekacīvaraṃ nāma senāya vā gantukāmo hoti, pavāsaṃ vā gantukāmo hoti, gilāno vā hoti, gabbhinī vā hoti<a name="M0.0069"></a>, assaddhassa vā saddhā uppannā hoti…pe… ‘vassāvāsikaṃ dassāmī’ti evaṃ ārocitaṃ, etaṃ accekacīvaraṃ nāmā’’ti (pārā. 649). Tasmā yathā taṃ cīvaraṃ nātikkāmetabbaṃ, tathā anaccekacīvarampīti siddhaṃ hoti. Tena vuttaṃ aṭṭhakathāyaṃ ‘‘dasāhe appahonte cīvarakālaṃ nātikkāmetabbā’’ti. Apica yadi evaṃ taṃ accekacīvarasikkhāpadameva accekacīvaraṃ cīvarakālaṃ nātikkāmetabbanti imassa pana atthavisesassa dassanatthaṃ bhagavatā paññattaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mahāaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> pana taṃ evaṃ vuttaṃ – kāmañcedaṃ ‘‘dasāhaparamaṃ atirekacīvaraṃ dhāretabba’’nti iminā siddhaṃ, aṭṭhuppattivasena pana apubbaṃ viya atthaṃ dassetvā sikkhāpadaṃ ṭhapitanti atthavisesadīpanapayojanato. Tasmā taṃ tassa atthavisesadassanatthaṃ vuttanti siddhameva. Tasmāpi veditabbameva yaṃ kiñci cīvaraṃ cīvarakālasamayaṃ nātikkāmetabbanti. Apica yaṃ vuttaṃ aṭṭhakathāyaṃ ‘‘chaṭṭhito paṭṭhāya pana uppannaṃ anaccekacīvarampi paccuddhāretvā ṭhapitacīvarampi <a name="V0.0064"></a> etaṃ parihāraṃ labhatī’’ti (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.646-649). Tena ‘‘anaccekacīvare anaccekacīvarasaññī cīvarakālasamayaṃ atikkāmeti, anāpattī’’ti (pārā. 650) imināpi anaccekacīvarassāpi accekacīvaraparihāralābhaṃ dīpetīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettāvatā yathāvutto dutiyo atthavikappo pāḷinayena, aṭṭhakathānayena ca patiṭṭhāpito hoti. Evaṃ tāva pakiṇṇakāya adhikathā parato pāṭhato vitthāritā hotīti apakiṇṇakaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Cīvarapalibodho, āvāsapalibodho cāti dve palibodhā. Tesu ekapalibodhepi sati anāmantacārādiānisaṃsaṃ labhati, taṃ idha natthīti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘niṭṭhitacīvarasmiṃ bhikkhunā ubbhatasmiṃ kathine’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Tasmā eva <span class="bld">‘‘atthatakathinassa hi bhikkhuno’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Kathinatthārārahassā</span>ti ettha ‘‘aṭṭhahi aṅgehi samannāgato puggalo bhabbo kathinaṃ attharituṃ – pubbakaraṇaṃ jānāti, paccuddhāraṃ jānāti, adhiṭṭhānaṃ jānāti, atthāraṃ jānāti, mātikaṃ jānāti, palibodhaṃ jānāti, uddhāraṃ jānāti, ānisaṃsaṃ jānātī’’ti (pari. 409) vacanato imehi aṭṭhahi aṅgehi samannāgato puggalo kathinatthārāraho nāma. <span class="bld">Pubbakaraṇaṃ</span> nāma dhovanavicāraṇacchedanasibbanarajanakappakaraṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Cīvaraṃ</span> <a name="M0.0070"></a> <span class="bld">nāma khoma’’</span>ntiādinā pāḷivasena jātiñca pamāṇañca dassetvā idāni atirekacīvaraṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ pana vuttaṃ adhiṭṭhitavikappitesū’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ṭhapitaṭṭhānaṃ sallakkhetvā’’</span>ti vuttepi yasmiṃ ṭhāne yaṃ ṭhapitaṃ, tasmiṃ taṃ pacchā hotu vā, mā vā, adhiṭṭhānaṃ ruhateva. Pure pacchā ṭhapanaṭṭhānaṃ na pamāṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Antimavatthuṃ ajjhāpannassa bhikkhubhāvapariccāgavasena setavatthanivāsanaṃ vā kāsāvacajanaṃ vā <span class="bld">hīnāyāvattanaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekādasame aruṇuggamane</span>ti antimaṃ ṭhapetvā tato purimatarasminti attho veditabbo. Tattha <span class="bld">antimaṃ</span> nāma aparakattikāya paṭhamāruṇuggamanaṃ. Tañhi kālattā nissaggiyaṃ na karoti. Idha ‘‘niṭṭhitacīvarasmiṃ bhikkhunā’’ti karaṇavacanaṃ nidānānapekkhaṃ nidāne karaṇābhāvato. Tasmā eva ‘‘dasāhaparama’’nti ayamettha anupaññattīti vuttaṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ticīvaraṃ adhiṭṭhātuṃ na vikappetu’’ntiādi (mahāva. 358) vacanato ca idha ‘‘vikappetī’’ti avisesena vuttavacanaṃ viruddhaṃ viya dissati, na ca viruddhaṃ tathāgatā bhāsanti, <a name="V0.0065"></a> tasmā evamassa attho veditabbo – ticīvaraṃ ticīvarasaṅkhepena parihārato adhiṭṭhātumeva anujānāmi, na vikappetuṃ. Vassikasāṭikaṃ pana catumāsato paraṃ vikappetumeva, na adhiṭṭhātunti. Evañca pana sati yo ticīvare ekena cīvarena vippavasitukāmo hoti, tassa ticīvarādhiṭṭhānaṃ paccuddharitvā vippavāsasukhatthaṃ vikappanāya okāso dinno hoti, dasāhātikkame ca anāpattīti. Etena upāyena sabbattha vikappanāya apaṭisiddhabhāvo veditabboti likhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Imassa pana sikkhāpadassa ayaṃ saṅkhepavinicchayo – anatthate kathine hemantānaṃ paṭhamadivasato paṭṭhāya, atthate kathine gimhānaṃ paṭhamadivasato paṭṭhāya uppannacīvaraṃ sandhāya <span class="bld">‘‘niṭṭhitacīvarasmi’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Etthāha – ‘‘rajakehi dhovāpetvā setakaṃ kārāpentassāpi adhiṭṭhānaṃ adhiṭṭhānamevā’’ti (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.465) vacanato arajitepi adhiṭṭhānaṃ ruhatīti. Tena sūcikammaṃ katvā rajitvā kappabinduṃ datvā adhiṭṭhātabbanti niyamo kātabbo, na kātabboti? Kattabbova. Patto viya adhiṭṭhito yathā puna setabhāvaṃ vā tambabhāvaṃ vā patto adhiṭṭhānaṃ na vijahati, na ca pana tādiso <a name="M0.0071"></a> yaṃ adhiṭṭhānaṃ upagacchati, evametaṃ daṭṭhabbanti. ‘‘Sve kathinaṃ uddharissatī’’ti laddhacīvaraṃ sace ajjeva na adhiṭṭhāti, aruṇuggamane eva nissaggiyaṃ hoti. Kasmā? ‘‘Niṭṭhitacīvarasmi’’ntiādinā (pārā. 462-463;) sikkhāpadassa vuttattā. Kathinabbhantare dasāhato uttaripi parihāraṃ labhati, kathinato pana pacchā ekadivasampi na labhati. Yathā kiṃ – yathā atthatakathino saṅgho ticīvaraṃ atthatadivasato paṭṭhāya yāva ubbhārā ānisaṃsaṃ labhati, na tato paraṃ, evaṃ atthatadivasato paṭṭhāya yāva ubbhārā labhati, uddhate pana kathine ekadivasampi na labhati. Etthāha – ubbhatadivasato paṭṭhāya puna dasāhaṃ labhatīti? Na, kasmā? ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, dasāhaparamaṃ atirekacīvaraṃ dhāretu’’nti vacanato. Kathinabbhantarepi ekādase aruṇuggamane nissaggiyanti āpannaṃ. Taṃ pana atippasaṅgaṃ nivāretuṃ ‘‘niṭṭhitacīvarasmi’’ntiādi vuttaṃ, na kathinadivasāni adivasānīti dīpanatthaṃ. Ayamattho tattha tattha āvibhavissati. Atha vā vassikasāṭikā anatirittappamāṇā nāmaṃ gahetvā vuttanayeneva cattāro vassike māse adhiṭṭhātabbā, tato paraṃ paccuddharitvā vikappetabbāti vuttaṃ. Ettha ‘‘paccuddharitvā’’ti vacane uposathadivase eva paccuddharitvā vikappetvā ṭhapitaṃ hoti, tato paraṃ hemantassa paṭhamadivasato paṭṭhāya paccuddharaṇābhāvā. Evaṃ kathinabbhantare uppannacīvarampi veditabbanti likhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Kathinasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">2. Udositasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Atthatakathinassa <a name="V0.0066"></a> pañca māse baddhasīmāyaṃ yattha katthaci cīvaraṃ nikkhipitvā pakkamantassa anāpattī’’ti aṭṭhakathāyaṃ vuttaṃ. ‘‘Abaddhasīmāyapi vaṭṭatī’’ti idaṃ abaddhasīmāyaṃ kathinatthārañca āraññakasikkhāpadañca sādhetīti likhitaṃ. Idāni –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Chinnaṃ dhutaṅgaṃ sāsaṅka-sammato santaruttaraṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Acīvarassānāpatti, paccuddhārādisiddhito’’ti. (vajira. ṭī. pārājika 479) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Idaṃ pakiṇṇakaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatrāyaṃ <a name="M0.0072"></a> codanāpubbaṅgamavinicchayo – keci ‘‘diguṇaṃ saṅghāṭi’’nti (mahāva. 348) vacanato ‘‘ekaccikā saṅghāṭi nādhiṭṭhātabbā. Sace adhiṭṭhāti, na ruhatī’’ti vatvā upasampadāpekkhānampi diguṇaṃyeva saṅghāṭiṃ datvā upasampādenti, te iminā suttalesena saññāpetabbā. Bhagavatā hi ‘‘chinnakaṃ saṅghāṭiṃ, chinnakaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ, chinnakaṃ antaravāsaka’’nti paṭhamaṃ anuññātaṃ. Tato ‘‘aññatarassa bhikkhuno ticīvare kariyamāne sabbaṃ chinnakaṃ nappahoti. Dve chinnakāni ekaṃ achinnakaṃ nappahoti, dve achinnakāni ekaṃ chinnakaṃ nappahotī’’ti imasmiṃ vatthusmiṃ ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, anvādhikampi āropetu’’nti (mahāva. 360) anuññātaṃ, tasmā ekaccikāpi saṅghāṭi vaṭṭatīti siddhaṃ. Yā chijjamānāpi nappahoti, tassā kuto diguṇatāti? Aṭṭhakathāyampissa vuttaṃ ‘‘anvādhikampi āropetunti āgantukapattampi dātuṃ, idaṃ pana appahonake āropetabbaṃ. Sace pahoti, āgantukapattaṃ na vaṭṭati, chinditabbamevā’’ti (mahāva. aṭṭha. 360). Kathinaṃ pana <span class="bld">chinnakameva</span> vaṭṭati, āveṇikalakkhaṇattā, ‘‘chinnakaṃ diguṇaṃ nappahotī’’ti vacanābhāvato cāti sanniṭṭhānamettha gantabbanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dhutaṅga</span>nti anupasampannānaṃ tecīvarikadhutaṅgābhāvato ticīvareneva tecīvarikoti, tesaṃ adhiṭṭhānābhāvato <span class="bld">‘‘adhiṭṭhitenevā’’</span>ti vattabbaṃ hotūti ce? Na, dhutaṅgabhedena virodhappasaṅgato. Catutthacīvarasādiyanena hi dhutaṅgabhedo, na ticīvaravippavāsena, nāpi atirekacīvarasādiyanena, nāpi atirekacīvaradhāraṇena. Yasmā pana bhikkhūnaṃ eva bhagavatā adhiṭṭhānavasena nava cīvarāni <a name="V0.0067"></a> anuññātāni, jātivasena ca vuttāni, na evaṃ anupasampannānaṃ, tasmā nesaṃ cīvaraniyamābhāvā na taṃ dhutaṅgaṃ anuññātaṃ gahaṭṭhānaṃ viya. Tasmā tassa samādānavidhāne avacanato ca sanniṭṭhānamettha gantabbanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sāsaṅkasammatoti</span> kaṅkhāvitaraṇiyaṃ (kaṅkhā. aṭṭha. sāsaṅkasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā) sāsaṅkasikkhāpade visuṃ aṅgāni na vuttāni, ‘‘sesamettha cīvaravaggassa dutiyasikkhāpade vuttanayeneva veditabba’’nti vuttaṃ, na ca panetaṃ vuttaṃ. Tattha rattivippavāso catutthamaṅgaṃ, idha chārattavippavāso, ayamettha visesoti. Tasmā aṅgasāmaññato ca sammutisāmaññato ca sāsaṅkasikkhāpadamevidanti idaṃ <a name="M0.0073"></a> nippadesaṃ, taṃ sappadesaṃ māsaparamattā. Tattha bahigāmepi gāmasīmaṃ okkamitvā vasitvā pakkamantassa anāpatti, idha na tathā. Idha anantare anantare aruṇuggamane nissaggiyaṃ, tattha sattameti ayaṃ imesaṃ dvinnaṃ viseso. Aṅgāni pana cīvaranikkhepanaṅgasampattito vipariyāyena, idha vuttanayena ca siddhattā na vuttāni. Tāni kāmaṃ na vuttāni, tathāpi catutthamaṅgaṃ visesitabbaṃ, na pana visesitaṃ. Kiṃ kāraṇaṃ? Idha vuttanissajjanakkamena nissajjitvā āpattidesanato, tatthāpannāpattivimokkhadīpanatthaṃ. Saṃvaccharavippavutthampi rattivippavutthameva, pageva chārattavippavutthaṃ. Evaṃ santepi tattha yathāvuttaaṅgasampattiyā sati tattha vuttanayeneva nissajjitabbaṃ. Hemante, gimhe vā nissajjati ce? Idha vuttanayenāpi nissajjituṃ vaṭṭatīti ñāpanatthaṃ catutthamaṅgaṃ na visesitanti no takkoti ācariyo. Māsātikkantaṃ, dasāhātikkantampi cīvaraṃ ‘‘dasāhātikkanta’’nti vatvā nissaṭṭhameva, na ūnamāsaṃ hutvā ‘‘dasāhātikkanta’’nti vatvā, māsātikkanta’’nti vatvāti eke. Tathāpi sace paccāsācīvaraṃ hoti, nissaggiyaṃ. ‘‘Dasāhātikkanta’’nti vatvā mūlacīvaraṃ pana ‘‘māsātikkanta’’nti vatvā nissajjitabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Santaruttara’’</span>nti vā ‘‘saṅghāṭi’’nti vā ‘‘cīvara’’nti vā kiṃ ticīvaraṃ, udāhu aññampīti? Kiñcettha – yadi ticīvarameva paṭisiddhaṃ, pariyāpannavasena acchinnacīvaraaachandanadhovāpanaviññattiādivirodho. Atha aññampi ‘‘niṭṭhitacīvarasmi’’nti evamādinā virodhoti? Vuccate – na niyamato veditabbaṃ yathāsambhavaṃ gahetabbato. Tathā hi ‘‘cīvaraṃ nikkhipitvā santaruttarena janapadacārikaṃ pakkamantī’’ti (pārā. 471) evamādīsu ticīvarameva, ‘‘na, bhikkhave, santaruttarena gāmo pavisitabbo (mahāva. 362), santaruttaraparamaṃ tato cīvaraṃ sāditabba’’nti (pārā. 523-524) evamādīsu yaṃ kiñci, tathā ‘‘saguṇaṃ katvā saṅghāṭiyo dātabbā, nivāsanaṃ dātabbaṃ, saṅghāṭi dātabbā, handa te, āvuso<a name="V0.0068"></a>, saṅghāṭi, dehi me paṭa’’nti evamādīsu. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘sabbañhi cīvaraṃ saṅghaṭitaṭṭhena ‘saṅghāṭī’ti vuccatī’’ti (pāci. aṭṭha. 898). Tathā ‘‘niṭṭhitacīvarasmi’’nti etthāpīti eke. Antosamaye yāvadatthaṃ cīvaraṃ anuññātaṃ, taṃ sabbaṃ kariyamānaṃ kadā niṭṭhānaṃ gacchissati, tasmā ticīvaramevāti eke.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Acīvarassānāpatti</span> <a name="M0.0074"></a> <span class="bld">paccuddhārādisiddhito</span>ti kiṃ vuttaṃ hoti – udositasikkhāpadassa nippayojanabhāvappasaṅgato ticīvaravippavāse tecīvarassa āpattīti eke. Tatthetaṃ vuccati na hoti āpatti paccuddhārādisiddhito. ‘‘Anāpatti antoaruṇe paccuddharati vissajjetī’’ti (pārā. 496) hi vuttaṃ. Aññathā paccuddharantassa, antoaruṇe vissajjentassa ca yāva añño nādhiṭṭhāti, tāva āpattiṃ āpajjati yathāvuttanayeneva. Aññathā sattabbhantarena vippavāsassāti vippavāsato yathārutaṃyeva sati vippavāse vippavāsato, avippavāse sati avippavāsatoti.</p>
<p class="centered">Udositasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">3. Akālacīvarasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparikkhittassa parikkhepārahaṭṭhānassa dubbijānattā taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘apica bhikkhūna’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Vihārapariyante niviṭṭhadhuvasannipātaṭṭhānato vā pariyante ṭhitabhojanasālato vā nibaddhavasanakaāvāsato vāti evaṃ gahetabbaṃ. Sace vihāre sannipatitabhikkhūhi saddhiṃ ekābaddhā hutvā yojanasatampi pūretvā nisīdanti, yojanasatampi upacārasīmā hotīti attho. ‘‘Samānasaṃvāsakasīmāyā’’ti vutte khaṇḍasīmādīsu ṭhitānaṃ na pāpuṇāti, tāsaṃ visuṃ samānasaṃvāsakasīmattāti ca samānasaṃvāsakaavippavāsasīmānaṃ idaṃ nānattaṃ. ‘‘Avippavāsasīmāya dammī’’ti dinnaṃ pana gāme ṭhitānaṃ na pāpuṇāti. Kasmā? ‘‘Ṭhapetvā gāmañca gāmūpacārañcā’’ti (mahāva. 144) vacanato. ‘‘Samānasaṃvāsakasīmāyā’’ti dinnaṃ pana yasmiṃ ṭhāne avippavāsasīmā atthi, tattha ṭhitānampi. <span class="bld">‘‘Tatra ṭhitānañca pāpuṇātī’’</span>ti ca, ‘‘khaṇḍasīmāyaṃ ṭhatvā ‘sīmaṭṭhakasaṅgho gaṇhātū’ti vutte upacārasīmāya eva paricchinditvā dātabba’’nti ca, ‘‘tesaṃ bahisīmaṭṭhānampi pāpuṇāti yāva kathinassubbhārāti attho’’ti ca, ‘‘anatthate pana kathine antohemante sace vihāraṃ pavisitvā ‘vassaṃvuṭṭhasaṅghassa dammī’ti vadati, ye tattha vassacchedaṃ akatvā pacchimavassaṃvuṭṭhā, tesaṃ bahisīmaṭṭhānampi pāpuṇātī’’ti vinayadharā <a name="V0.0069"></a> paricchindanti, aṭṭhakathāyaṃ pana anāgataṃ. Tasmā <span class="bld">samantapāsādikāyaṃ</span> ‘‘lakkhaṇaññū vadantī’’ti (mahāva. aṭṭha. 379) vuttanti ca, ‘‘‘cīvaramāsato paṭṭhāya yāva <a name="M0.0075"></a> hemantassa pacchimo divaso, tāva vassāvāsikaṃ demā’ti vutte kathinaṃ atthataṃ vā hotu, anatthataṃ vāti yaṃ samantapāsādikāvacanaṃ (mahāva. aṭṭha. 379), etthāpi yadi atthataṃ, purimavassaṃvuṭṭhā pañca māse. Yadi anatthataṃ, pacchimavassaṃvuṭṭhā cattāro māse labhantīti vinicchayo’’ti ca likhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Yehi mayhaṃ yāgu pītā</span>ti yehi nimantitehi mayhaṃ yāgu pītāti adhippāyo. Tasmā yehi nimantitehi yāgu pītā, tesaṃyeva pāpuṇātīti vuttaṃ. Aññathā ‘yehi mayhaṃ yāgu pītā’ti vutte nimantitā vā hontu, animantitā vā, yehi pītā, tesaṃ pāpuṇitabbānī’’ti vadanti. Ettha ‘‘niṭṭhitacīvarasmiṃ bhikkhunā ubbhatasmiṃ kathine’’ti vadanto ñāpeti etthantare tiṇṇampi akālacīvarānaṃ uppattiabhāvanti. Kasmā pana padabhājane vitthāritānīti? Vuccate – idaṃ pana sikkhāpadaṃ adhiṭṭhānaṃ sandhāya na vuttaṃ kintu paṭhamasikkhāpade dasāhaparamaṃ anujānitvā tasmiṃ appahonte sace paccāsā atthi, tameva vaḍḍhetvā māsamanujānanto imampi atthavisesaṃ dīpeti. Akālacīvaraṃ nāma sammukhībhūtena bhājetabbaṃ. Taṃ pana ‘‘ākaṅkhamānena bhikkhunā paṭiggahetabba’’nti iminā sikkhāpadena vaḍḍhetvā vuttanti. Tasmā tīṇipi padabhājane vitthāritānīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Khippameva kāretabbanti sīghaṃ antodasāheyeva kāretabba’’</span>nti idaṃ pana pahonakabhāve purimasikkhāpadalakkhaṇenāti dīpetuṃ vuttaṃ. Tasmā evaṃ ‘‘sīgha’’nti vā ‘‘lahu’’nti vā ādinā avatvāpi ‘‘dasāhā’’ti vuttanti. Atthatakathinassa evaṃ hotu, anatthate pana kathine kathanti vutte anatthatassa paṭikkhepataṃ dassetīti vutto apassanto vighātaṃ āpajjatīti (vajira. ṭī. pārājika 499-500) likhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Akālacīvarasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">4. Purāṇacīvarasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Sākiyāniyo viya suddhabhikkhusaṅghe vā’’</span>ti idaṃ ‘‘bhikkhunī nāma ubhatosaṅghe upasampannā’’ti <a name="V0.0070"></a> (pārā. 505) iminā virujjhatīti ce? Na, adhippāyājānanato<a name="M0.0076"></a>. Bhikkhūnaṃ santike upasampadāya paṭikkhittattā tadanuppasaṅgabhayā evaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekena vatthunā</span>ti yena kenaci paṭhamena. <span class="bld">Avuttā vā dhovatī</span>ti avuttā dhovati, rajati ākoṭetīti attho. ‘‘‘Avuttā’ti vacanato avādāpetvā dhovanādīsu anāpattī’’ti likhitaṃ. Idha cīvaraṃ nāma nivāsanapārupanūpagameva. Yadi evaṃ ‘‘nivāsanapārupanūpagameva vattabba’’nti ce? Taṃ na vattabbaṃ ‘‘purāṇacīvara’’nti imināva siddhattā. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘purāṇacīvaraṃ nāma sakiṃ nivatthampi sakiṃ pārutampī’’ti (pārā. 505).</p>
<p class="centered">Purāṇacīvarasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">5. Cīvarappaṭiggahaṇasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upacāro</span> dvādasahattho. Acittakattā kathaṃ paṃsukūlaṃ vaṭṭatīti ce? Tāya tassa bhikkhuno adinnattā, bhikkhunā ca tato bhikkhunito aggahitattā ca.</p>
<p class="centered">Cīvarappaṭiggahaṇasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">6. Aññātakaviññattisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ñātakappavārite vā viññāpentassā</span>ti ettha ca saṅghavasena pavāritesu pamāṇameva vaṭṭati. Puggalikappavāraṇāya yaṃ yaṃ pavāreti, taṃ taṃyeva viññāpetabbanti likhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Aññātakaviññattisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">7. Tatuttarisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pakatiyā santaruttarena carati kathinapalibodhavasena vā sāsaṅkasikkhāpadavasena vā. Ettha siyā – ‘‘na mattaṃ jānitvā bahuṃ cīvaraṃ viññāpessanti, dussavāṇijjaṃ vā’’tiādinā (pārā. 522) ujjhāyantānaṃ sutvā bhagavāpi chabbaggiye bhikkhū <a name="M0.0077"></a> ‘‘kathañhi nāma tumhe moghapurisā <a name="V0.0071"></a> na mattaṃ jānitvā bahuṃ cīvaraṃ viññāpessathā’’ti (pārā. 522) vatvā sikkhāpadassa paññattattā ca imissaṃ kaṅkhāvitaraṇiyaṃ ‘‘bahucīvaraviññāpanavatthusmiṃ paññatta’’nti vuttattā, <span class="bld">samantapāsādikāyaṃ</span> ‘‘na hi anacchinnacīvarā attano atthāya sākhāpalāsaṃ bhañjituṃ labhanti, acchinnacīvarānaṃ pana atthāya labhantī’’ti vuttattā ca aññassatthāya pamāṇaṃ viññāpetuṃ vaṭṭatīti ce? Na, kasmā? Aññātakaviññattisikkhāpadassa aṭṭhuppattiyā eva aññātakaviññatti vāritā. Tassa sikkhāpadassa anāpatti. Pāḷiyaṃ (pārā. 521) ‘‘aññassatthāyā’’ti imissā anāpattipāḷiyā aññassatthāya viññāpento tassa ñātakappavārite eva viññāpeti, na aññeti vacanato ca vāritā. Tasmā bhagavāpi ‘‘bahuṃ cīvaraṃ viññāpessathā’’ti (pārā. 522) vigarahitvā sikkhāpadaṃ paññāpento ‘‘abhihaṭṭhuṃ pavāreyyā’’ti vuttanayeneva pamāṇato gahaṇaṃ anujāni, na aññassatthāya pamāṇato viññāpanaṃ. Yasmā panimaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ aññassatthāya viññāpanavatthusmiṃyeva paññattaṃ, tasmā idha ‘‘aññassatthāyā’’ti na vuttaṃ, na na labbhatīti katvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aṭṭhakathāsu ‘‘aññātakappavāritaṭṭhāne pakatiyā bahumpi vaṭṭati, acchinnakāraṇā pamāṇameva vaṭṭatī’’ti vuttaṃ. Taṃ ‘‘anāpatti ñātakānaṃ pavāritāna’’nti (pārā. 526) vuttaanāpattipāḷiyā na sametīti samantapāsādikāyaṃ (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.526) vuttattā idhāpi vuttanayeneva ñātakappavārite viññāpentassa attano dhanena gaṇhantassa anāpattīti likhitaṃ. ‘‘Aññassatthāyā’’ti nidānavirodhato na vuttaṃ, tathāpi anantare vuttanayeneva labbhati evāti vadanti.</p>
<p class="centered">Tatuttarisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">8. Upakkhaṭasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paṭhamaupakkhaṭe <span class="bld">‘‘pubbe appavārito’’</span>ti (pārā. 528) vacanato tasmiṃ khaṇe pavāritopi appavāritova hotīti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Upakkhaṭasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">9. Dutiyaupakkhaṭasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dutiyaupakkhaṭena <a name="M0.0078"></a><a name="V0.0072"></a> kiṃ payojananti ce? Natthi payojanaṃ, kevalaṃ aṭṭhuppattivasena pana paññattaṃ bhikkhuniyā rahonisajjasikkhāpadaṃ viya. Evaṃ sante saṅgītikārakehi saṅgītiṃ anāropetabbaṃ bhaveyya vināpi tena tadatthasiddhito, anissarattā, anāropetuṃ anuññātattā ca. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘ākaṅkhamāno, ānanda, saṅgho…pe… samūhaneyyā’’ti (dī. ni. 2.216; cūḷava. 441). Idaṃ sabbamakāraṇaṃ. Na hi buddhā appayojanaṃ vacanaṃ nicchārenti, pageva sikkhāpadaṃ. Tenevāha aṭṭhakathāyaṃ ‘‘imināva nayena attho veditabbo. Idañhi purimassa anupaññattisadisa’’ntiādi. Anupaññatti ca nippayojanaṃ natthi. Taṃsadisañcetaṃ, na nippayojananti dassitaṃ hoti. Evaṃ sante ko panettha atthavisesoti? Tato āha <span class="bld">‘‘kevalaṃ tattha ekassa pīḷā katā, idha dvinnaṃ, ayamettha viseso’’</span>ti. Iminā atthavisesena ko panañño atirekattho dassitoti? <span class="bld">Porāṇagaṇṭhipade</span> tāva vuttaṃ ‘‘ekasmimpi vatthusmiṃ ubhinnampi pīḷā kātuṃ na vaṭṭatīti ayamatirekattho dassito’’ti. Tenetaṃ dīpeti ‘‘na kevalaṃ paṭiladdhacīvaragaṇanāya eva āpattigaṇanā, pīḷitapuggalasaṅkhātavatthugaṇanāyapī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Honti cettha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Vatthuto gaṇanāyapi, siyā āpatti nekatā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Iti sandassanatthañca, dutiyūpakkhaṭaṃ idha.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Kāyasaṃsaggasikkhāya, vibhaṅge viya kintetaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Ekitthiyāpi nekatā, āpattīnaṃ payogato’’ti. (vajira. ṭī. pārājika 532);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apicetaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ taṃjātikesu sikkhāpadesu sabbesupi gahetabbavinicchayassa dassanappayojananti veditabbaṃ. Āha ca –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Aññātikāya bahutāya vimissatāya;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Āpattiyāpi bahutā ca vimissatā ca;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Iccevamādividhisambhavadassanatthaṃ<a name="V0.0073"></a>;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Satthā upakkhaṭamidaṃ dutiyaṃ avocā’’ti. (vajira. ṭī. pārājika 532);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tassāyaṃ <a name="M0.0079"></a> saṅkhepato adhippāyapubbaṅgamā vicāraṇā – purāṇacīvaraṃ ekameva bhikkhu bhikkhunīhi dvīhi, bahūhi vā dhovāpeti, bhikkhunigaṇanāya pācittiyagaṇanā. Tathā dvinnaṃ, bahūnaṃ vā sādhāraṇaṃ ekameva cīvaraṃ aññatra pārivattakā paṭiggaṇhāti, idhāpi tathā dvinnaṃ, bahūnaṃ vā sādhāraṇamekaṃ viññāpeti, viññattapuggalagaṇanāya āpattigaṇanā. Tathā aññesupi evarūpesu sikkhāpadesu nayo netabbo. Ayaṃ tāva <span class="bld">bahutāya</span> nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vimissatāya</span> pana ñātikāya, aññātikāya ca ekaṃ dhovāpeti, ekato niṭṭhāpane ekaṃ pācittiyaṃ. Atha ñātikā paṭhamaṃ thokaṃ dhovitvā ṭhitā, puna aññātikā sudhotaṃ karoti, nissaggiyaṃ pācittiyaṃ. Atha aññātikā paṭhamaṃ dhovati, pacchā ñātikā sudhotaṃ karoti, aññātikāya payogavasena bhikkhuno dukkaṭameva. Aññātikāya, ñātikāya ca aññātikasaññī, vematiko, ñātikasaññī vā dhovāpeti, yathāvuttanayena nissaggiyadukkaṭādiāpattibhedagaṇanā veditabbā. Tathā aññātikāya, ñātikāya ca santakaṃ cīvaraṃ ubhohi ekato diyyamānaṃ paṭiggaṇhāti, nissaggiyameva. Atha aññātikāya eva hatthato paṭiggaṇhāti, nissaggiyameva. Atha ñātikāya hatthato paṭiggaṇhāti, anāpatti. Atha ubhosu aññātikādisaññī, vuttanayeneva nissaggiyadukkaṭādiāpattibhedagaṇanā veditabbā. Tathā aññātikaviññattiādīsupi yathāsambhavaṃ nayo netabbo. Ayaṃ vimissatāya nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena pana aneke aññātikā viññattā, viññattapuggalagaṇanāya dukkaṭaṃ. Eko deti, eko na deti, nissaggiyaṃ. Atha aviññatto deti, na nisaggiyaṃ. Atha viññattāviññattānaṃ sādhāraṇaṃ viññatto deti, nissaggiyaṃ. Ubho denti, nissaggiyameva. Aviññatto deti, nissaggiyena anāpatti. Viññattassa vacanena aviññatto deti, anāpatti eva. Tathā upakkhaṭādīsupi yathāsambhavaṃ nayo netabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettāvatā saṅkhepato aññātikāyādigāthā vuttādhippāyā hoti. Yaṃ panettha bhikkhuniyā rahonisajjasikkhāpadaṃ nippayojanatāya nidassanaṃ <a name="M0.0080"></a> vuttaṃ, tassa payojanaviseso tasmiṃyeva āvibhavissatīti<a name="V0.0074"></a>. Evameva aññatthapi vacanena, visesaaṭṭhuppattivasena ca sikkhāpadesu ñātabbaṃ visesappayojananti.</p>
<p class="centered">Dutiyaupakkhaṭasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">10. Rājasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Ṭhānaṃ bhañjati, āgatakāraṇaṃ vināsetī’’</span>ti vuttattā puna codanaṃ na labhatīti eke. Āgamanassa sātthakaṃ na hoti, cīvaraṃ na labhissati paṭisanthārassa katattāti eke. Codanālakkhaṇaṃ na hotīti katvā vuttanti eke. ‘‘Dhammadesanādhippāyādinā na paṭisanthāro kātabbo’’ti <span class="bld">upatissatthero</span> ‘‘‘āgatakāraṇaṃ vināsetī’ti codanāṭhānāni bhañjati, codetukāmo akattabbamakāsi, tappaccayā vattabhede dukkaṭa’’nti ca vadati. <span class="bld">Dhammasiritthero</span> pana ‘‘āsane ce nisīdati, ekāya nisajjāya dve ṭhānāni bhañjati. Āmisaṃ ce paṭiggaṇhāti, ekena paṭiggahaṇena dve ṭhānāni bhañjati. Dhammaṃ ce bhāsati, dhammadesanāsikkhāpade vuttaparicchedāya ekāya vācāya dve ṭhānāni bhañjati. Taṃ sandhāya ‘āgatakāraṇaṃ vināsetī’ti vutta’’nti vadati. ‘‘Eso kho’’ti vuttena saññatto eko, ‘‘ayaṃ veyyāvaccakaroti…pe… avuttepi codetuṃ vaṭṭatī’’ti vutto dutiyo, sace pana dūto gacchantova ‘‘ahaṃ tassa hatthe dassāmī’’tiādinā vutto tatiyo, ‘‘aññaṃ vā pesetvā ārocāpetī’’ti vutto catutthoti yathā bhikkhunā niddiṭṭhā cattāro, tatheva dūtena niddiṭṭhā cattāro. <span class="bld">Mukhavevaṭikakappiyakārako, parammukhakappiyakārako ce</span>ti etesu aññātakaappavāritesu viya paṭipajjitabbanti likhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Rājasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Cīvaravaggo paṭhamo.</p>
<p class="title">2. Eḷakalomavaggo</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Kosiyasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kārāpeyyā</span>ti <a name="M0.0081"></a><a name="V0.0075"></a> attano ca parassa ca ubhinnañca kosiyaṃ ekato gaṇhitvā vuttaṃ, ubho vā ekato karontīti atthato veditabbaṃ. Tattha attanā kataṃ ce, ‘‘nissajjanakāle sayaṃ kataṃ nissaggiya’’nti vattabbaṃ. Ubhohi ce kataṃ, yathāpāḷimeva.</p>
<p class="centered">Kosiyasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">2. Suddhakāḷakasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā paṭhame ‘‘ekenapi kosiyaṃsunā’’ti (kaṅkhā. aṭṭha. kosiyasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā) vuttaṃ, tathā idha ‘‘ekenapi aññena amissitāna’’nti vacanābhāvato aññena missabhāve satipi apaññāyamānarūpakaṃ ce, ‘‘suddhakāḷaka’’micceva vuccatīti vadanti.</p>
<p class="centered">Suddhakāḷakasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">3. Dvebhāgasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Tulayitvā’’ti vacanato yathā tulādhāraṇāya kāḷakādhikā na honti, tathā kāḷakānaṃ dve bhāgā gahetabbā ukkaṭṭhaparicchedena. <span class="bld">‘‘Ekassāpi kāḷakalomassa atirekabhāve nissaggiya</span>nti vacanaṃ tulādhāraṇāya kiñcāpi na sameti, acittakattā pana sikkhāpadassa pubbe tulāya dhārayitvā ṭhapitesu ekampi lomaṃ tattha pateyya, nissaggiyanti ayamadhippāyoti no takko’’ti ācariyo. Vuttaparicchedena aggahaṇaṃ <span class="bld">akiriyā,</span> santhatakaraṇaṃ <span class="bld">kiriyā</span>.</p>
<p class="centered">Dvebhāgasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">4. Chabbassasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Orena</span> <a name="M0.0082"></a><a name="V0.0076"></a> <span class="bld">ce channaṃ vassāna’’</span>nti vuttattā chabbasse paripuṇṇe kātuṃ vaṭṭatīti niṭṭhānadivasato paṭṭhāya channaṃ vassānaṃ paricchedo veditabbo. Yāni panettha atirekachabbassavasena vā sammutivasena vā katāni, sabbāni tāni ekato paribhuñjituṃ vaṭṭantīti. Gilānassa ca ekaṃ nappahotīti anekampi vaṭṭati. Yato paṭṭhāya rogassa mandatāya santhataṃ ādāya gantuṃ sakkoti, tato paṭṭhāya sammuti vā rogo vā na rakkhatīti eke. Apica chavassabuddhanimmalaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ vicāretuṃ gambhīrattā. Tasmā chavasse kammaṃ katanti.</p>
<p class="centered">Chabbassasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">5. Nisīdanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kasmā panettha ‘‘santhataṃ pana bhikkhunā’’ti sikkhāpadaṃ apaññapetvā ‘‘nisīdanasanthata’’nti paññattaṃ, nanu ettha kāraṇena bhavitabbanti? Atthi kāraṇaṃ, cīvarasaññitāya santhatānaṃ ujjhitattā tesaṃ acīvarabhāvadassanatthaṃ tathā paññattaṃ bhagavatāti vuttaṃ hoti. Tasmā te bhikkhū tecīvarikadhutaṅgabhedabhayā santhate catutthacīvarasaññitāya santhatāni ujjhitvā terasa dhutaṅgāni samādayiṃsu, bhagavā ca tesaṃ santhataṃ anujāni. Tato tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ evaṃ hoti ‘‘nisīdanacīvarasaṇṭhānampetaṃ nisīdanasanthataṃ no bhagavatā anuññātaṃ catutthacīvarabhāvena, pageva katasanthataṃ vā’’ti. Tato ‘‘santhate tesaṃ cīvarasaññitā na bhavissatī’’ti tadatthaṃ bhagavatā ‘‘santhata’’nti apaññapetvā ‘‘nisīdanasanthata’’nti paññattanti adhippāyo. Imesu pana pañcasu santhatesu purimāni tīṇi vinayakammaṃ katvā paṭilabhitvāpi paribhuñjituṃ na vaṭṭanti akappiyattā, pacchimāni dve vaṭṭantīti (vajira. ṭī. pārājika 566-567) likhitaṃ. Kathaṃ paññāyatīti ce? ‘‘Anāpatti aññena kataṃ paṭilabhitvā paribhuñjatī’’ti (pārā. 570) vacanatoti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Nisīdanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">6. Eḷakalomasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Addhānamaggappaṭipannassā’’</span>ti <a name="M0.0083"></a><a name="V0.0077"></a> iminā pakatiyā dīghamaggaṃ paṭipannassa uppannānipi tiyojanaparamameva haritabbāni, pageva appaṭipannassāti dasseti. Paṭipannassa ce, addhānaṃ nāma paṭipannassa akāmā vassaṃvuṭṭhabhikkhuniyā maggappaṭipatti viyāti dasseti. Addhānamaggappaṭipannassa nissaggiyanti vā sambandho. Teneva vāsādhippāyassa paṭippassaddhagamanussāhattā ‘‘appaṭipanno’’ti saṅkhaṃ gatassa anāpattīti siddhaṃ. Imasmiṃ pana atthavikappe ‘‘bhikkhuno paneva eḷakalomāni uppajjeyyuṃ…pe… asantepi hārake addhānamaggappaṭipannassa nissaggiyaṃ pācittiya’’nti yojanā veditabbā. Yasmā vā eḷakalomānaṃ uppattiṭṭhānato paṭṭhāya tiyojanaparamatā adhippetā, maggaṃ appaṭipannassa ca tiyojanaparamatā natthi, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘addhānamaggappaṭipannassa uppajjeyyu’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. Tena acchinnaṃ paṭilabhitvā harato ca anāpattīti siddhaṃ. Paṭilābho hi tesaṃ uppatti nāmāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Ākaṅkhamānena bhikkhunā paṭiggahetabbānī’’</span>ti iminā attanā paṭiggahitānaṃyeva tiyojanātikkame āpattīti dasseti. Tena anākaṅkhamānena parasantakāni paṭiggahitāni harantassa anāpattīti siddhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aṅgesu ‘‘attano santakatā’’ti natthi, ayamattho ‘‘bhikkhuno uppajjeyyu’’nti iminā, ‘‘acchinnaṃ paṭilabhitvā’’ti iminā ca dīpito hotīti veditabbo. <span class="bld">Porāṇagaṇṭhipade</span> ca ‘‘aññaṃ bhikkhuṃ harāpento gacchati ce, dvinnampi anāpattī’’ti vuttaṃ. Tasmā dve bhikkhū tiyojanaparamaṃ patvā aññamaññassa bhaṇḍaṃ parivattetvā ce haranti, anāpattīti siddhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tiyojanaparamaṃ sahatthā haritabbānī</span>ti tiyojanaparamameva attanā haritabbāni, taṃ kimatthanti? Sīmāya etaparamato. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tiyojanaparamaṃ sīmaṃ sammannitu’’nti (mahāva. 140). Vāsādhippāyena, paccāgamanādhippāyena vā gacchato etaparamatā ca. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘chabbaggiyā bhikkhū atimahatiyo sīmāyo sammannanti…pe… bhikkhū uposathaṃ āgacchantā uddissamānepi pātimokkhe āgacchanti, uddiṭṭhamattepi āgacchanti, antarāpi parivasantī’’ti (mahāva. 140).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Asante</span> <a name="M0.0084"></a> <span class="bld">hārake</span>ti āṇattiyā hārake asati. Kambalassa upari nisīditvā gacchantassa <a name="V0.0078"></a> sace ekampi lomaṃ cīvare laggaṃ hoti, tiyojanātikkame āpatti eva kambalato vijaṭitattāti likhitaṃ. Taṃ kambalassa paṭiggahitattā attano atthāya paṭiggahitameva hotīti yuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Eḷakalomasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">8. Jātarūpasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Nibbattarukkhacchāyāpi rukkhaparicchedaṃ anatikkantā’’ti likhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Jātarūpasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">9. Rūpiyasaṃvohārasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Jātarūparajataparivattana</span>nti ukkaṭṭhaparicchedena vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Rūpiyasaṃvohārasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">10. Kayavikkayasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Asante pācittiyaṃ desetabbamevā</span>ti ettha kiṃ suddhikaṃ pācittiyaṃ, udāhu nissaggiyanti? Nissaggiyaṃ pācittiyameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Kayavikkayasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Tatridaṃ pakiṇṇakaṃ</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aṭṭhamasikkhāpadaṃ</span> parena attano atthāya diyyamānassa vā pārivattakabhāvena diyyamānassa vā paṃsukūlassa vā rūpiyassa uggaṇhanauggaṇhāpanasādiyanāni paṭikkhipati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Navamaṃ</span> parassa vā attano vā rūpiyaparivattanaṃ paṭikkhipati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dasamaṃ</span> <a name="M0.0085"></a><a name="V0.0079"></a> arūpiyaparivattanaṃ. ‘‘Arūpiye arūpiyasaññī pañcannaṃ saha anāpattī’’ti (pārā. 591; vi. vi. ṭī. 1.591; vajira. ṭī. pārājika 587) ca vacanaṃ itarehi saha āpattīti dīpeti. Arūpiyañca dukkaṭavatthu. Tasmā tassa parivattane sati nissaggiyanti ekantena vuttaṃ. Pañcannaṃ saha dukkaṭavatthūnaṃ parivattane anāpattippasaṅgato anāpatti evāti porāṇāti ce? Na, kappiyavatthūnaṃyeva tattha āgatattā. Yadi kappiyavatthu nissaggiyaṃ, pageva dukkaṭavatthūti ce? Na, āpattigarukalahukabhāvena vatthugarukalahukaniyamābhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nissaggiyavatthuto hi muttāmaṇiveḷuriyādi mahagghappahonakampi dukkaṭavatthūti katvā nissaggiyavatthuto muttādi lahukaṃ hoti. Lahukepi vatthusmiṃ yatheva dukkaṭavatthuno paṭiggahaṇe dukkaṭaṃ, tatheva tassa vā tena vā cetāpanepi dukkaṭaṃ yuttanti (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.589) aṭṭhakathācariyā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha vā yaṃ vuttaṃ ‘‘kappiyavatthūnaṃyeva tattha āgatattā’’ti, tattha kiñcāpi dukkaṭavatthūnipi adhippetāni, na pana pāḷiyaṃ vuttāni anāpattivārappasaṅgabhayāti vuttaṃ hoti. Muttādīsupi vuttesu anāpattiyaṃ kappiyakārakassa ācikkhati, ‘‘idaṃ muttādi amhākaṃ atthi, amhākañca iminā ca iminā ca veḷuriyādinā attho’’ti bhaṇati, dasamena āpajjatīti adhippāyo siyā. Yasmā ca idaṃ kappiyakārakassa ācikkhanādisaṃvohāro ca, tasmā taṃ navamena vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Kiñcāpi kayavikkayeva hoti kappiyavatthūhi anuññātaṃ, imināva nayena kiñcāpi dukkaṭavatthupi dasame adhippetaṃ āpajjati, aṭṭhakathāvirodhato pana nādhippetamicceva gahetabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kā panettha kāraṇacchāyāti, pañcannaṃ saha tattha anāpattippasaṅgato anāpatti evāti ce? Na, tattha anāgatattā. Anāgatakāraṇā vuttanti ce? Na, pañcannaṃ saha āpattivatthukassa anāpattivāralābhe visesakāraṇābhāvā, akappiyattā pañcannaṃ sahāpi āpattiyā bhavitabbanti siddho aṭṭhakathāvādo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparo nayo – yadi dukkaṭavatthunā kayavikkaye nissaggiyaṃ, kappiyavatthumhi vuttapariyāyo tattha labbheyya, na pana labbhatīti navame eva tāni vattabbāni. Tasmā saṃvohāro nāma kayavikkayopi aññathā parivattanaṃ <a name="M0.0086"></a> pariyādiyitvā pavatto, kayavikkayañca mocetvā <a name="V0.0080"></a> ‘‘iminā imaṃ dehī’ti cetāpeti, vaṭṭatī’’ti avatvā dasamassa anāpattivāre vuttanayeneva tesaṃ parivattane nissaggiyānumativirodhato aṭṭhakathāyaṃ vuttanayeneva dukkaṭavatthunā cetāpane dukkaṭameva. Nesaṃ kayavikkayena nissaggiyanti ce? Na, sabbassapi kayavikkayattā. Teneva vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘andhakaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> pana ‘sace kayavikkayaṃ samāpajjeyya, nissaggiyaṃ pācittiya’nti bhāsitaṃ, taṃ dubbhāsitaṃ. Kasmā? Na hi dānaggahaṇato añño kayavikkayo nāma atthī’’ti (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.589), attano matiyā kayavikkayalakkhaṇasammate dasamassa anāpattivāre vuttanayeneva tesaṃ parivattane nissaggiyānumativirodhato ca. Bhavatu vā attano paṭisiddhamidaṃ kāraṇaṃ, dasame avassameva jānitabbānīti tāni kayavikkayānevāti tesaṃ nissaggiyabhāvañca gatānīti evampi siddho aṭṭhakathāvādo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Etthāhu porāṇā – ‘‘attano santakaṃ rūpiyaṃ parahatthagataṃ karoti ajjhācarati, dukkaṭaṃ. Parassa rūpiyaṃ attano hatthagataṃ karoti, aṭṭhamena nissaggiyaṃ. Uggahitavatthuparivattane kathaṃ jātaṃ? Abbohārikaṃ jātaṃ. Atha parassa rūpiyaṃ attano hatthagataṃ paṭhamaṃ karoti, rūpiyappaṭiggahaṇassa katattā aṭṭhamena nissaggiyaṃ. Attano santakaṃ rūpiyaṃ parassa hatthagataṃ pacchā karoti, saṃvohārena nissaggiya’’nti. ‘‘Rūpiyassa gahaṇamattena aṭṭhamena āpatti, pacchā parivattane navamenā’’ti hi tattha vuttaṃ, taṃ pana yuttaṃ. ‘‘Ajjhācarati, dukkaṭa’’nti duvuttaṃ. Dukkaṭassa aniyamappasaṅgato nissajjanavidhānesu dassitova. Kiṃ vuttaṃ hoti – yadi dvīhi nissaggiyehi bhavitabbaṃ, nissajjanavidhāne ‘‘ahaṃ, bhante, rūpiyaṃ paṭiggahesiṃ, nānāppakārakañca rūpiyasaṃvohāraṃ samāpajji’’nti vattabbaṃ bhaveyya ‘‘rūpiyaṃ cetāpetī’’ti sabbattha pāḷiyaṃ rūpiyappaṭiggahaṇassa vuttattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettāvatā yaṃ <span class="bld">porāṇagaṇṭhipade</span> vuttaṃ ‘‘dukkaṭavatthunā kayavikkayaṃ pariharantena catūsu nissaggiyavatthūsu ekekasmiṃ gahite aṭṭhamena nissaggiyaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Dukkaṭavatthunā dukkaṭavatthu</span>nti ‘‘iminā idaṃ dehī’’ti gahite teneva nissaggiyaṃ hoti. ‘‘Kayavikkayampi nīharitvā gahite dukkaṭaṃ, cetāpitarūpiyaggahaṇe aṭṭhamena, parivattane navamenātiādinā attanā anuggahetvā kappiyavasena nīharitvā pañcahi sahadhammikehi saddhiṃ parivattetuṃ <a name="M0.0087"></a> vaṭṭatī’’ti, taṃ visodhitaṃ hoti. Aparampi tattha vuttaṃ ‘‘nissajjitabbe asati kathaṃ pācittiyaṃ, dunnissaṭṭharūpiyampi ‘na chaḍḍetī’ti vadantassa vissaṭṭho upāsako taṃ gahetvā aññaṃ ce bhikkhuno deti, kappatī’’ti, tañca duvuttaṃ. Na hi gahitattā tato aññaṃ vatthu hoti. Puna aparañca tattha vuttaṃ ‘‘imaṃ ‘gaṇhāhī’ti <a name="V0.0081"></a> vadantassa saddhādeyyavinipātadukkaṭaṃ, ‘etaṃ dehī’ti vadantassa viññattidukkaṭa’’nti, tañca duvuttaṃ. Tattha hi payogadukkaṭaṃ yuttaṃ viya paññāyati.</p>
<p class="centered">Pakiṇṇakaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Eḷakalomavaggo dutiyo.</p>
<p class="title">3. Pattavaggo</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Pattasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dve apattā,</span> tasmā ete bhājanaparibhogena paribhuñjitabbā, naadhiṭṭhānūpagānavikappanūpagatāti atthoti ca. <span class="bld">Samaṇasāruppena pakka</span>nti ayopatto pañcahi pākehi pakko hoti, mattikāpatto dvīhi. ‘‘Bhikkhuniyā pattasanniccayassa vāritattā (vajira. ṭī. pārājika 602) bhikkhussapi taṃ ‘ananurūpa’nti katvā ‘purāṇapattaṃ paccuddharitvā’ti vutta’’nti ca likhitaṃ, taṃ na yuttaṃ pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘sanniccayaṃ kareyyāti anadhiṭṭhito avikappito’’ti (pāci. 735) vuttattā. So hi kathinakkhandhake (mahāva. 306 ādayo) niccayasannidhi viya ekopi punadivase ‘‘sanniccayo’’ti vuccati. Anantarasikkhāpade pana ‘‘dutiyo vārito’’ti adhiṭṭhānaṃ niyataṃ. Tasmā dve patte adhiṭṭhātuṃ na labhati. Sace ekato adhiṭṭhāti, dvepi anadhiṭṭhitā honti. Visuṃ visuṃ adhiṭṭhāti, dutiyo anadhiṭṭhito. Vikappetuṃ pana bahūpi labhati. <span class="bld">Kākaṇikamattampī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">pi</span>-kāro ‘‘ekapākampi janetī’’ti pākaṃ sampiṇḍeti. Atha vā sace ekapākeneva sāruppo, vaṭṭatīti pākaparimāṇaṃ na vuttanti gahetabbaṃ. Apattattā <span class="bld">adhiṭṭhānūpago</span> <a name="M0.0088"></a> <span class="bld">na hoti. Apaccuddharantena vikappetabbo</span>ti purāṇapattaṃ apaccuddharantena so patto vikappetabboti atthoti likhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Pattasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">2. Ūnapañcabandhanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pavārite</span>ti <a name="V0.0082"></a> ettha saṅghavasena pavāritaṭṭhāne pañcabandhaneneva vaṭṭati, puggalikavasena pavāritaṭṭhāne ūnapañcabandhanenāpi vaṭṭatīti likhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Yo ūnapañcabandhanatthaṃ, vuttampi cetaṃ karo so;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Ūnapañcabandhanatthaṃ, patvāna santike.</p>
<p class="centered">Ūnapañcabandhanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">3. Bhesajjasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Paṭisāyanīyāni paṭiggahetvā’’</span>ti vadantena pādamakkhanādīnaṃ atthāya paṭiggahetvā ṭhapetuṃ vaṭṭatīti dīpitanti likhitaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Yesaṃ maṃsaṃ kappatī’’</span>ti vacanena yesaṃ maṃsaṃ na kappati, tesaṃ sappiādi na kappatīti vadantā ajānitvā vadanti. Yesañhi maṃsaṃ kappati, tesaṃ sappītiādi sattāhakālikanissaggiyavatthuparicchedadassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Tathā paṇītabhojanasikkhāpade yesaṃ maṃsaṃ kappati, tesaṃyeva khīrādi paṇītabhojanaṃ, netaranti dassetuṃ vuttanti. <span class="bld">Madhu nāma</span> madhukaribhamaramakkhikānaṃ āsayesu niyyāsasadisaṃ <span class="bld">mahāmadhu</span> hoti, taṃ yāvajīvikanti ca likhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Bhesajjasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Pattavaggo tatiyo.</p>
<p class="centered">Nissaggiyapācittiyavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter">Pācittiyakaṇḍaṃ</p>
<p class="title">4. Bhojanavaggo</p>
<p class="subhead">2. Gaṇabhojanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Devadatto <a name="M0.0089"></a><a name="V0.0083"></a> kāle viññāpetvā bhuñjati, tappaccayā bhagavatā ‘‘gaṇabhojane pācittiya’’nti (pāci. 209) sikkhāpadaṃ paññattaṃ. Padabhājane pana ‘‘nimantitā bhuñjantī’’ti (pāci. 218) nimantanameva gahetvā vibhattaṃ. <span class="bld">Andhakaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> pana vatthuvasena viññattiyā yācanampi vuttanti likhitaṃ. Kasmā? Parivāre eva ‘‘gaṇabhojanaṃ dvīhākārehi pasavati viññattito vā nimantanato vā’’ti (pari. 322) vuttattā. Tasmā aṭṭhuppattiyaṃyeva pākaṭattā padabhājane na vuttanti veditabbaṃ. ‘‘‘Ekato gaṇhantī’ti ca gahitabhattāpi aññe yāva gaṇhanti, tāva ce tiṭṭhanti, ekato gaṇhanti eva nāmā’’ti ca, <span class="bld">‘‘yo koci pabbajito</span>ti sahadhammikesu, titthiyesu vāti attho’’ti ca, <span class="bld">‘‘samayābhāvo</span>ti sattannaṃ anāpattisamayānaṃ abhāvo’’ti ca, ‘‘samayaladdhakena saha cattāro hontī’’ti ca, ‘‘samayaladdhako sayameva muccati, sesānaṃ gaṇapūrakattā āpattikaro hotī’’ti ca likhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Etthāha – ‘‘paṭiggahaṇameva hettha pamāṇa’’nti vuttaṃ, atha kasmā pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘gaṇabhojanaṃ nāma yattha cattāro…pe… bhuñjantī’’ti (pāci. 218) vuttanti? Vuccate – tattha ‘‘bhuñjantī’’ti paṭiggahaṇaniyamavacanaṃ. Na hi appaṭiggahitakaṃ bhikkhū bhuñjantīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Gaṇabhojanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">3. Paramparabhojanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aññatra</span> <a name="V0.0084"></a> <span class="bld">samayā</span>ti pana nimantanato pasavanato bhojanāpekkhaṃ pācittiyanti eke. Eko bhikkhu piṇḍāya caranto bhattaṃ labhati, tamañño cūpāsako nimantetvā ghare nisīdāpesi, na ca tāva bhattaṃ sampajjati<a name="M0.0090"></a>. Sace so bhikkhu piṇḍāya caritvā laddhabhattaṃ bhuñjati, āpatti. Kasmāti ce? ‘‘Paramparabhojanaṃ nāma pañcannaṃ bhojanānaṃ aññatarena bhojanena nimantito taṃ ṭhapetvā aññaṃ pañcannaṃ bhojanānaṃ aññataraṃ bhojanaṃ bhuñjati, etaṃ paramparabhojanaṃ nāmā’’ti (pāci. 227) vuttattā. <span class="bld">Paṭhamakathinasadisāni, idaṃ pana kiriyākiriya’’</span>nti pāṭho.</p>
<p class="centered">Paramparabhojanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">4. Kāṇamātāsikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dvattipattapūrā paṭiggahetabbā</span>ti tathānītapūvehi atthikena ukkaṭṭhapattappamāṇavasena gahetabbā. ‘‘Mā kho tvaṃ ettha paṭiggaṇhī’’ti apātheyyādiatthāya sajjitasaññāya atirekappaṭiggahaṇena ārocane, asaṃvibhāge ca na muccati acittakattā sikkhāpadassa. Atha uggahitakaṃ gaṇhāti, na muccati eva. Asaṃvibhāge pana anāpatti akappiyattā. Acittakatā paṇṇattijānanābhāveneva, na vatthujānanābhāvenāti eke. ‘‘Na pātheyyādiatthāya sajjitabhāvajānana’’nti aṅgesu avuttattā sace sañcicca na vadati, pācittiyanti porāṇā vadanti. <span class="bld">Atirekappaṭiggahaṇa</span>nti tattha pañcamaṃva aṅgaṃ vuttaṃ, tasmā appaṭiggahitattā na pācittiyaṃ, kattabbākaraṇato pana dukkaṭaṃ. Aññathā kiriyākiriyaṃ idaṃ āpajjati. Anivāraṇaṃ, anārocanaṃ vā chaṭṭhamaṅgaṃ vattabbaṃ siyā.</p>
<p class="centered">Kāṇamātāsikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">5. Paṭhamapavāraṇāsikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhuttāvī pavāraṇaṃ</span> nāma pañcaṅgikaṃ. Tesu ‘‘asanaṃ paññāyattī’’ti eteneva ‘‘bhuttāvī’’ti etassa siddhattā visuṃ atthasiddhi na dissati. Dissati ce, aṅgānaṃ chakkattadassananti <a name="V0.0085"></a> (vajira. ṭī. pācittiya 238-239) likhitaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Bhojanaṃ paññāyatī’’</span>ti abhihaṭaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Koṭṭetvā</span> <a name="M0.0091"></a> <span class="bld">katacuṇṇampī</span>ti <span class="bld">pi</span>-kārena kuṇḍakaṃ sampiṇḍeti. Samapākabhajjitānaṃ pana ātapasukkhānaṃ vā kuṇḍakaṃ vā ye keci taṇḍulā vāti ettakameva vuttattā samapākabhajjitānaṃ vīhīnaṃ, vīhipalāsānaṃ vā taṇḍulacuṇṇaṃ pavāreti. Tathā kharapākabhajjitānaṃ kuṇḍakampi pavāreti. Bhajjitasattuyo piṇḍetvā kato apakkasattumodakopi pavāretīti likhitaṃ. Sace avasiṭṭhaṃ natthi, na pavāreti. Kasmā? Asanasaṅkhātassa vippakatabhojanassa abhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Akappiyamaṃsaṃ pana kiñcāpi paṭikkhipitabbaṭṭhāne ṭhitaṃ, khādiyamānaṃ pana maṃsabhāvaṃ na jahāti, tasmā pavāreti. Bhojanasālāya bhuñjanto ce attano apāpuṇanakoṭṭhāsaṃ abhihaṭaṃ paṭikkhipati, na pavāreti. Kāmaṃ paṭikkhipati, patte pana ārāmikā ākiranti, taṃ bhuñjituṃ na vaṭṭati. Idañhi buddhappaṭikuṭṭhāya anesanāya uppanneyeva saṅkhaṃ gacchati. Yathā hi saṅghato laddhaṃ piṇḍaṃ dussīlo deti, tañce paṭikkhipati, na pavāreti, evaṃsampadamidanti ca, vibhāgo lajjī ce deti, taṃ so na ajjhoharitukāmatāya paṭikkhipati, pavāretīti ca, ‘‘samaṃsarasaṃ samaccharasa’’nti āpajjanato ‘‘maṃsarasa’’nti vutte pana paṭikkhipato hoti, ‘‘maṃsassa rasaṃ <span class="bld">maṃsarasa’’</span>nti ayaṃ viggaho nādhippetoti ca vuttaṃ. Bhattamissakaṃ yāguṃ āharitvā ‘‘yāguṃ gaṇhathā’’ti vadati, na pavāreti. ‘‘Bhattaṃ gaṇhathā’’ti vutte pavāreti. Kasmā? Yenāpucchito, tassa atthitāya. Ettha pana ‘‘yāgumissakaṃ gaṇhathā’’ti vadati, tatra ce yāgu bahutarā vā hoti, samasamā vā. Bhattaṃ mandaṃ, na pavāreti. Yāgu ce mandā, bhattaṃ bahutaraṃ, pavāreti. Idañca sabbaaṭṭhakathāsu vuttattā na sakkā paṭikkhipituṃ. Kāraṇaṃ panettha duddasaṃ. ‘‘Bhattamissakaṃ gaṇhathā’’ti vadati. Tatra bhattaṃ bahutaraṃ vā samakaṃ vā appataraṃ vā hoti, pavāreti eva. Bhattaṃ vā yāguṃ vā anāmasitvā ‘‘missakaṃ gaṇhathā’’ti vadati. Tatra ce bhattaṃ bahutaraṃ, samakaṃ vā hoti, pavāreti. Appataraṃ na pavāreti. Taṃ sabbaṃ vīmaṃsitabbanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Phalaṃ</span> <a name="M0.0092"></a> <span class="bld">vā kandamūlādi vā pañcahi samaṇakappehi kappiyaṃ akata</span>nti ettha kappiyaṃ akārāpitehi kadaliphalādīhi saddhiṃ atirittaṃ kārāpetvāpi taṃ kadaliphalādiṃ ṭhapetvā avasesaṃ bhuñjituṃ vaṭṭati. Amissakarasattā puna tāni kappiyaṃ kārāpetvā aññasmiṃ bhājane ṭhapetvā <a name="V0.0086"></a> kāretvā bhuñjituṃ vaṭṭati. Kasmā? Pubbe tesu vinayakammassa anāruḷhattāti vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Patte rajaṃ patitaṃ appaṭiggahitameva hoti. Tasmā paṭiggahetvāva bhikkhā gaṇhitabbā. ‘‘Apaṭiggahetvā gaṇhato vinayadukkaṭa’’nti (pāci. aṭṭha. 265) vuttattā etamaññesampi na vaṭṭatīti vadanti. ‘‘Taṃ pana puna paṭiggahetvā bhuñjantassa anāpattī’’ti etthāpi evameva. Imasmiṃ pana ‘‘atirittaṃ kataṃ anatirittakataṃ hotī’’ti etthāpi evameva. Imasmiṃ pana ‘‘atirittaṃ kataṃ, anatirittaṃ kataṃ hotī’’tiādīhi upaparikkhitvā vinicchayo veditabboti dīpitaṃ. <span class="bld">Alametaṃ sabba</span>nti idampi te adhikaṃ, ito aññaṃ na lacchasīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āhāratthāyā</span>ti vikāle evāti eke. <span class="bld">‘‘Paṭhamakathinasadisāni. Idaṃ pana kiriyākiriya’’</span>nti pāṭho. <span class="bld">Kāyakammaṃ</span> ajjhoharaṇato. <span class="bld">Vacīkammaṃ</span> vācāya ‘‘atirittaṃ karotha, bhante’’ti akārāpanatoti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Paṭhamapavāraṇāsikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">6. Dutiyapavāraṇāsikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Bhuttasmiṃ pācittiya’’nti (pāci. 243) mātikāyaṃ vuttattā <span class="bld">‘‘bhojanapariyosāne pācittiya’’</span>nti vuttaṃ, na ajjhohāre ajjhohāre.</p>
<p class="centered">Dutiyapavāraṇāsikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">7. Vikālabhojanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Jambudīpassa <a name="M0.0093"></a> kālena paricchedoti evaṃ kira.</p>
<p class="centered">Vikālabhojanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">8. Sannidhikārakasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="centered"><span class="bld">‘‘Duddhoto</span> <a name="V0.0087"></a> <span class="bld">hotī’’</span>tiādinā nayena idha vuttattā, ‘‘duddhotaṃ pattaṃ dhovitvā puna</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha acchodakaṃ vā āsiñcitvā, aṅguliyā vā ghaṃsitvā nisnehabhāvo jānitabbo’’ti (pāci. aṭṭha. 253) samantapāsādikāyaṃ vuttattā ca mattikāpattassa kapālena pīto sneho sannidhiṃ karotīti siddhanti likhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Sayaṃ paṭiggahetvā apariccattamevā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">apariccattaṃ</span> nāma anupasampannānaṃ nirapekkhaapariccattaṃ avijahitaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Paṭiggahaṇa</span>nti ettha paṭiggahitabhāvamavijahitameva sannidhiṃ janetī’’ti <span class="bld">dhammasiritthero,</span> taṃ ‘‘paṭiggaṇhāti, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti (pāci. 255) pāḷiyā virujjhati. Tassa pana puna paṭiggaṇhanakiccābhāvato vīmaṃsitabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Sannidhikārakasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">9. Paṇītabhojanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Tesaṃ maṃsañca khīradadhīni ca idha adhippetānī’’</span>ti idaṃ pācittiyavatthuparicchedo, na pana kappiyakhīrādiparicchedo, tasmā yassa kassaci khīrādīni vaṭṭantīti ca, <span class="bld">‘‘mahānāmasikkhāpadena kāretabbo’’</span>ti saṅghavasena pavārite bhesajjatthāya sappiādibhesajjapañcakaṃ viññāpeti ce, tattha ‘‘na bhesajjakaraṇīyena bhesajjaṃ viññāpetī’’ti ettha saṅgahaṃ gacchati, tasmā ‘‘tena pācittiya’’nti (vajira. ṭī. pācittiya 261) ca likhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Paṇītabhojanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">10. Dantaponasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Sarīrāvayavenā’’</span>ti <a name="M0.0094"></a> vuttattā mukhena paṭiggahaṇaṃ anuññātaṃ. ‘‘Ciñcādipattesu bhūmiyaṃ atthatesu na vaṭṭati, kallakhette tattha vaṭṭatī’’ti ca, <span class="bld">‘‘sāmaṃ gahetvā’’</span>ti iminā na kevalaṃ sappadaṭṭhaṃyeva, aññampi daṭṭhaṃ viseseti. Sāmaṃ gahetvā paribhuñjituṃ vaṭṭatī’’ti ca likhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Dantaponasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Bhojanavaggo catuttho.</p>
<p class="title">5. Acelakavaggo</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Acelakasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="gatha1">Acelakādayo <a name="V0.0088"></a> yasmā, titthiyāva matā idha;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tasmā titthiyanāmena, tikacchedo kato tato.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Atitthiyassa naggassa, tathā titthiyaliṅgino;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Gahaṭṭhassāpi bhikkhussa, kappatīti vinicchayo.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Atitthiyassa cittena, titthiyassa ca liṅgino;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sotāpannādino dātuṃ, kappatītīdha no mati.</p>
<p class="centered">Acelakasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">3. Sabhojanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Anupavisitvā nisīdanacittena <span class="bld">sacittakatā</span>ti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="centered">Sabhojanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">4-5. Rahopaṭicchannarahonisajjasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Catutthaṃ</span> paṭhamāniyate, <span class="bld">pañcamaṃ</span> dutiyāniyate vuttanayameva. Idha pañcamaṃ upanandassa catutthaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="centered">Rahopaṭicchannarahonisajjasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">6. Cārittasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabhatto</span> <a name="M0.0095"></a><a name="V0.0089"></a> <span class="bld">samāno</span>ti nimantanabhattoti porāṇā. Santaṃ bhikkhuṃ, anāpucchā, purebhattaṃ pacchābhattaṃ, aññatra samayāti ayamettha catubbidhā anupaññatti. Tattha <span class="bld">samayā</span> dve samayā. <span class="bld">Bhattiyaghara</span>nti nimantitassa gharaṃ vā salākābhattādidāyakānaṃ vā gharaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Samuṭṭhānādīni paṭhamakathinasadisāni, idaṃ pana kiriyākiriya’’</span>nti pāṭho, ‘‘idha nimantanā akappiyanimantanā’’ti eke.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Purebhattañca piṇḍāya, caritvā yadi bhuñjati;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Siyā paramparāpatti, pacchābhattaṃ na sā siyā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Pacchābhattañca gamiko, pubbagehaṃ yadi gacche;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Eke āpattiyevāti, anāpattīti ekacce.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Kulantarassokkamane, āpattimatayo hi te;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Samānabhattapaccāsā, iti āhu idhāpare.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Matā gaṇikabhattena, samenti naṃ nimantane;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Vissajjanaṃ samānanti, eke sammukhatāpare.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Sanniṭṭhānatthikeheva, vicāretabbabhedato;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Viññū cārittamicceva, sikkhāpadamidaṃ vidū. (vajira. ṭī. pācittiya 294);</p>
<p class="centered">Cārittasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">7. Mahānāmasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paṇītabhojanasikkhāpade ‘‘mahānāmasikkhāpadena kāretabbo’’ti (kaṅkhā. aṭṭha. paṇītabhojanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā) yaṃ vuttaṃ, tassattho saṅghavasena pavārite bhesajjatthāya sappiādibhesajjapañcakaṃ <a name="V0.0090"></a> viññāpeti ce, ‘‘nabhesajjena karaṇīyena bhesajjaṃ viññāpetī’’ti (pāci. 309) vacanena pācittiyanti (vajira. ṭī. pācittiya 310) likhitaṃ. ‘‘Tayā imināva pavāritamhā, amhākañca iminā ca iminā ca attho’’ti yathābhūtaṃ ācikkhitvā viññāpetuṃ gilānova labhati, na itaroti ca, ‘‘aññassa atthāyā’’ti <a name="M0.0096"></a> assa ñātakappavārite, attano vā ñātakappavāriteti atthoti ca, <span class="bld">‘‘apariyantappavāraṇāya pavārite’’</span>ti saṅghavasena, puggalavasena ca pavāretvā dāyakā. Tasmā ‘‘saṅghappavāraṇatā’’ti vatvā ‘‘puggalappavāraṇatā’’ti na vuttanti ca, <span class="bld">‘‘pariyantātikkamo’’</span>ti vacanena gilāno gahito, tasmā ‘‘gilānāgilānatā’’ti na vuttaṃ. Evaṃ santepi ‘‘saṅghappavāraṇāya pavāraṇatā’’ti pāṭhoti ca likhitaṃ, vīmaṃsitabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Mahānāmasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">8. Uyyuttasenāsikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Hatthiādīsu ekameka</span>nti antamaso ekapurisāruḷhahatthimpi, ekaṃ sarahatthaṃ purisampi. <span class="bld">Samuṭṭhānādīni eḷakalomasadisāni, idaṃ pana lokavajjaṃ, akusalacittaṃ tivedana’’</span>nti pāṭho.</p>
<p class="centered">Uyyuttasenāsikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">9. Senāvāsasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kenaci palibuddhassā</span>ti verikena vā issarena vā kenaci ruddhassa. Senāparikkhepena vā parikkhepārahaṭṭhānena vā sañcaraṇaṭṭhānapariyantena vā paricchinditabbā.</p>
<p class="centered">Senāvāsasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Acelakavaggo pañcamo.</p>
<p class="title">6. Surāpānavaggo</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Surāpānasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Surā’’ti <a name="V0.0091"></a> vā ‘‘na vaṭṭatī’’ti vā jānitvā pivane akusalamevāti likhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Akusalacitta</span>nti yebhuyyena taṃ sandhāya kira vuttaṃ. Atha kasmā <a name="M0.0097"></a> vinayaṭṭhakathāyaṃ ‘‘akusaleneva pātabbatāyā’’ti (pāci. aṭṭha. 329) vuttanti ce? Sacittakapakkhe akusaleneva pātabbatāyāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Surāpānasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">2. Aṅgulipatodakasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāyasaṃsaggasaṅghādisesāpattibhāve samānepi <span class="bld">bhikkhuniyāpi anupasampannepi</span> dukkaṭaṃ, upasampanne eva pācittiyanti evaṃ puggalāpekkhaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘aṅgulipatodake pācittiya’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sati karaṇīye</span>ti ettha purisaṃ sati karaṇīye āmasatoti adhippāyo, na itthiṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Aṅgulipatodakasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">3. Hasadhammasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Cikkhallaṃ vā’’</span>ti vacanato sakkharampi khipanakīḷāya kīḷato dukkaṭameva. Uparigopphake pācittiyaṃ, aññattha dukkaṭanti pācittiyavatthuatthavasena <span class="bld">‘‘udake hasadhamme pācittiya’’</span>nti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Idaṃ saññāvimokkhaṃ ce, tikapācittiyaṃ kathaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Kīḷitaṃva akīḷāti, micchāgāhena taṃ siyā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Ettāvatā <a name="V0.0092"></a> kathaṃ kīḷā, iti kīḷāyaṃ evāyaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Akīḷāsaññī hotettha, vinayatthaṃ samādaye.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Ekantākusalo yasmā, kīḷāyābhiratamano;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tasmā akusalaṃ cittaṃ, ekamevettha labbhatīti. (vajira. ṭī. pācittiya 336);</p>
<p class="centered">Hasadhammasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">4. Anādariyasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tassa</span> <a name="M0.0098"></a> <span class="bld">vacana</span>nti ‘‘ayaṃ ukkhittako vā vambhito vā garahito vā imassa vacanaṃ akataṃ bhavissatī’’ti anādariyaṃ karoti. <span class="bld">Dhamma</span>nti kathāyaṃ dhammo nasseyya vā vinasseyya vā antaradhāyeyya vā, taṃ vā asikkhitukāmo anādariyaṃ karoti. ‘‘Lokavajjaṃ atikkamitvā ‘idaṃ amhākaṃ ācariyuggaho’ti vadantassa na vaṭṭatī’’ti (vajira. ṭī. pācittiya 344) likhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Anādariyasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">6. Jotisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Visibbanāpekkho’’</span>ti vuttattā aññassa vaṭṭati, aññesañca.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Jotinekamaneke vā, jālenti munayo saha;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Eko sopeti nāneko, adhippāyavisesato.</p>
<p class="centered">Jotisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">8. Dubbaṇṇakaraṇasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Morakkhimaṇḍalamaṅgulapiṭṭhīna</span>nti <a name="V0.0093"></a> na ekantato, adhikaṃ, orañcāti vadanti. Ekakoṇepi vaṭṭati, evaṃ yattha katthaci ekabindupi vaṭṭatīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Dubbaṇṇakaraṇasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">9. Vikappanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Samuṭṭhānādīni paṭhamakathinasadisāni, idaṃ pana kiriyākiriya’’</span>nti pāṭho. Ettha paribhogena <span class="bld">kāyakammaṃ</span>. Apaccuddharaṇena <span class="bld">vacīkammaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="centered">Vikappanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">10. Apanidhānasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sasūcike</span> <a name="M0.0099"></a> sūcighare sūcigaṇanāya āpattiyoti porāṇā.</p>
<p class="centered">Apanidhānasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Surāpānavaggo chaṭṭho.</p>
<p class="title">7. Sappāṇakavaggo</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Sañciccasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vatthugaṇanāya kammabandhagaṇanācetanāmāraṇānaṃ, na kammabandhagaṇanāya cetanāmāraṇā. Ettha ekacetanāya bahupāṇakā marantīti ayaṃ vibhāgo veditabbo.</p>
<p class="centered">Sañciccasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">2. Sappāṇakasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sappāṇaka</span>nti <a name="V0.0094"></a> pāṇakānaṃ maraṇavasena pācittiyaṃ, na sappāṇakaudakaparibhogavasena pācittiyaṃ, tasmā eva <span class="bld">‘‘paṇṇattivajja’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. Asuddhacittattā pācittiyaṃ, suddhacitte anāpatti. Padīpujjalane viya paṇṇattivajjatā vuttāti likhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Jale pakkhipanaṃ pubbaṃ, jalappavesanaṃ idaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Evaṃ ubhinnaṃ nānāttaṃ, ñeyyaṃ ñāṇavatā sadāti. (vajira. ṭī. pācittiya 387)</p>
<p class="centered">Sappāṇakasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">5. Ūnavīsativassasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aññaṃ upasampādetī</span>ti –</p>
<p class="gatha1">Upajjhāyo sace sāmaṃ, kammavācañca sāveti;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Kammaṃ ruhati icceke, neti vinayakovido.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Dukkaṭaṃ <a name="M0.0100"></a> vihitaṃ yasmā, ācariyassa gaṇassa ca;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tasmā bhinnāva ācariya-upajjhāyā visuṃ idhāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Ūnavīsativassasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">7. Saṃvidhānasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idha ekatoupasampannā, sikkhamānā, sāmaṇerīti imā tissopi saṅgahaṃ gacchanti, imāsaṃ pana tissannaṃ samayo rakkhati, ayamimāsaṃ, mātugāmassa ca visesoti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Saṃvidhānasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">9. Ukkhittasambhogasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Taṃ</span> <a name="V0.0095"></a> <span class="bld">diṭṭhiṃ appaṭinissaṭṭhenā</span>ti laddhinānāsaṃvāsakaṃ sandhāyā’’ti likhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Ticitta</span>nti ettha vipākābyākatacittena sahaseyyaṃ kappeyyāti evamattho daṭṭhabbo. Aññathā sacittakattā sikkhāpadassa kiriyābyākataṃ sandhāya na yujjati.</p>
<p class="centered">Ukkhittasambhogasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">10. Kaṇṭakasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Ayaṃ samaṇuddeso pārājiko hoti. Sace taṃ diṭṭhiṃ paṭinissajjati, saṅghassa ārocetvā saṅghānumatiyā pabbājetabbo’’ti <span class="bld">porāṇagaṇṭhipade</span> vuttaṃ, taṃ na yuttaṃ. Daṇḍakammanāsanā hi idhādhippetā. Yadi so pārājiko hoti, liṅganāsanā nāma siyā. <span class="bld">‘‘Te paṭisevato nālaṃ antarāyāyā’’</span>ti ca diṭṭhi satthari asatthādidiṭṭhi na hoti. Sace sā yassa uppajjati, so pārājiko hoti, tasmimpi evameva <a name="M0.0101"></a> paṭipajjitabbaṃ, saṃvare atiṭṭhanto liṅganāsanāya nāsetabboti (vajira. ṭī. pācittiya 428) ācariyassa takko.</p>
<p class="centered">Kaṇṭakasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Sappāṇakavaggo sattamo.</p>
<p class="title">8. Sahadhammikavaggo</p>
<p class="subhead">4. Pahārasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aṅgesu na mokkhādhippāyatā viya amaraṇādhippāyatā vattabbāti ce? Na vattabbā. Kasmā? Yo bhikkhu sayaṃ pahāraṃ dātukāmo, so adhippāyena tassa maraṇe payogavirahovāti katvā <a name="V0.0096"></a> amaraṇādhikārattā kevalaṃ amaraṇādhippāyo eva soti tā viya tā na vuttā. Mokkhādhippāyassa pana kopo natthi, tasmā anāpattīti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Pahārasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">5. Talasattikasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Talameva <span class="bld">talasattikaṃ</span>. ‘‘Pothanasamatthaṭṭhena <span class="bld">sattika’’</span>nti eke. Yasmā paharitukāmatāya paharato purimena pācittiyaṃ, kevalaṃ uccāretukāmatāya uggiraṇamatte kate iminā pācittiyaṃ. Iminā pana virajjhitvā pahāro dinno, tasmā napaharitukāmatāya dinnattā dukkaṭaṃ. Kimidaṃ dukkaṭaṃ pahārapaccayā, udāhu uggiraṇapaccayāti? Pahārapaccayā eva dukkaṭaṃ, purimaṃ uggiraṇapaccayā pācittiyanti sadukkaṭaṃ pācittiyaṃ yujjati. Purimañhi uggiraṇaṃ, pacchā pahāro. Na ca pacchimaṃ pahāraṃ nissāya purimaṃ uggiraṇaṃ anāpattivatthukaṃ bhavitumarahatīti no takkoti (vajira. ṭī. pācittiya 456) ācariyo.</p>
<p class="centered">Talasattikasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">7. Sañciccasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paro <a name="M0.0102"></a> kukkuccaṃ uppādetu vā, mā vā, taṃ appamāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Kukkuccupādana’’</span>nti tatiyamaṅgaṃ tassa adhippāyavasena vuttanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Sañciccasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">8. Upassutisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upassuti</span>nti yathā upakujjhaṃ ‘‘samīpakujjha’’nti vuccati, tathā upassuti ‘‘samīpassutī’’ti veditabbā. Yattha ṭhito suṇāti, taṃ <span class="bld">ṭhāna</span>nti attho. <span class="bld">Sutī</span>ti panettha paresaṃ vacanasaddo ca. So hi suyyatīti <span class="bld">suti</span> nāma. Upasuyyati vā etthāti <span class="bld">upassuti</span>. Okāso hi <span class="bld">suti</span> nāma. <span class="bld">Imesaṃ sutvā</span>ti ettha ‘‘vacana’’nti pāṭhaseso.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Samuṭṭhānādīni <a name="V0.0097"></a> atītadvayasadisānīti na gahetabbāni. <span class="bld">Theyyasatthasamuṭṭhānaṃ. Siyā kiriyaṃ</span> gantvā savane. <span class="bld">Siyā akiriyaṃ</span> ṭhitaṭṭhānaṃ āgantvā vadantānaṃ ajānāpanavasena samuṭṭhānato. <span class="bld">‘‘Saññāvimokkhaṃ, sacittakaṃ, lokavajjaṃ, kāyakammaṃ, vacīkammaṃ, akusalacittaṃ, dukkhavedana’’</span>nti likhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Upassutisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">9. Kammappaṭibāhanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Appamattakavissajjanakena</span> pana cīvaraṃ karontassa senāsanakkhandhakavaṇṇanāyaṃ (cūḷava. 328) vuttappabhedāni sūciādīni anapaloketvāpi dātabbāni. Tato atirekaṃ dentena apalokanakammaṃ kātabbaṃ. Evaṃ kataṃ pana apalokanaṃ kammalakkhaṇamevāti adhippāyo. Evaṃ sabbattha <span class="bld">kammalakkhaṇaṃ</span> veditabbaṃ. Gāmasīmāvihāresu osāraṇādīni saṅghakammāniyeva na vaṭṭanti. Vissajjiyavebhaṅgiyāni pana vaṭṭanti. ‘‘Saṅghassa santaka’’nti sāmaññato avatvā ‘‘imasmiṃ vihāre saṅghassa santaka’’nti apaloketabbanti ca, <span class="bld">‘‘samuṭṭhānādīni adinnādānasadisāni, idaṃ pana dukkhavedana’’</span>nti pāṭhoti ca likhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Kammappaṭibāhanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">10. Chandaṃadatvāgamanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sannipātaṃ <a name="M0.0103"></a> anāgantvā ce chandaṃ na deti, anāpattīti eke. Dukkaṭanti eke dhammakammantarāyakaraṇādhippāyattā.</p>
<p class="centered">Chandaṃadatvāgamanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">11. Dubbalasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Akappiyena vā</span>ti suvaṇṇarajatamayamañcādinā. <span class="bld">Kappiyamañco sampaṭicchitabbo</span>ti ‘‘saṅghassa demā’’ti dinnaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ, tehi pana ‘‘vihārassa demā’’ti vutte suvaṇṇarajatamayādiakappiyamañcāpi <a name="V0.0098"></a> sampaṭicchitabbāti ca, ‘‘arañjaro bahuudakagaṇhanako’’ti ca, <span class="bld">‘‘saṅghikapaabhogena vā</span>ti sace ārāmikādayo paṭisāmetvā paṭidenti, paribhuñjituṃ vaṭṭatī’’ti ca, ‘‘kaṃsalohādibhājanaṃ saṅghassa dinnampi pārihāriyaṃ na vaṭṭatī’’ti (cūḷava. aṭṭha. 321) <span class="bld">samantapāsādikāyaṃ</span> vuttattā attano hatthena gahetvā paṭisāmituṃ na labhatīti ca, ‘‘vedhako kāyabandhanassāti vadantī’’ti ca, ‘‘hiṅgu hiṅguliharitālamanosilā añjanānī’’ti pāṭhoti ca, ‘‘dārumayo vā…pe… apādakopi samuggo’’ti pāṭhoti ca, <span class="bld">‘‘dārumayo tumbo</span>ti dārumayo udakatumbo’’ti ca, ‘‘thambhatulāsopānaphalakādīsū’’ti ca likhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Dubbalasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">12. Pariṇāmanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Eko bhikkhu ukkhittakassa dātukāmo hoti, tassa dānaṃ nivāretvā aññassa dāpeti, anāpatti. Tathā saddhādeyyavinipātanaṃ karontassa dāpeti, attano nissitakā itthannāmassa pattaṃ dātukāmā āpucchanti, ‘‘visabhāgo eso, sabhāgassa dehī’’ti vadati. Anāpatti attano bhārabhūtattā. Tassa pana dātukāmaṃ aññassa dāpeti<a name="M0.0104"></a>, āpatti eva. Sabbattha āpucchitvā dātukāmaṃ yathāsukhaṃ vicāretuṃ labhati.</p>
<p class="centered">Pariṇāmanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Sahadhammikavaggo aṭṭhamo.</p>
<p class="title">9. Ratanavaggo</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Antepurasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Asayanighare</span>ti parikkhittassa bahibhūtesu rukkhamūlādīsu. ‘‘Sace khattiyova hoti, nābhisitto, abhisittova hoti, na khattiyo, rakkhatī’’ti ācariyo ‘‘khattiyatā, abhisittatā’’ti <a name="V0.0099"></a> āpattiyā aṅgabhāvena vuttattā. <span class="bld">Samuṭṭhānādīni paṭhamakathinasadisāni, idaṃ pana kiriyākiriya’’</span>nti pāṭho.</p>
<p class="centered">Antepurasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">2. Ratanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sabbopi kathāmaggo <span class="bld">bhaṇḍāgārikasīsena</span> nikkhipanaṃ, gopanañca paṭikkhipitvā pavatto.</p>
<p class="centered">Ratanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">3. Vikālagāmappavesanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Santaṃ bhikkhu’’nti ca ‘‘anāpucchā’’ti ca ‘‘tathārūpā accāyikāti ca imāti ettha tisso’’</span>ti pāṭho. <span class="bld">‘‘Samuṭṭhānādīni kathinasadisāni, idaṃ pana kiriyākiriya’’</span>nti pāṭho.</p>
<p class="centered">Vikālagāmappavesanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">4. Sūcigharasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Taṃ</span> <a name="M0.0105"></a> <span class="bld">assā</span>ti taṃ bhedanakaṃ assa pācittiyassa atthi paṭhamaṃ bhedanaṃ katvā pacchā desetabbattā. Esa nayo itaresupi. <span class="bld">Vāsijaṭe</span>ti vāsidaṇḍake.</p>
<p class="centered">Sūcigharasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">5. Mañcapīṭhasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aṭṭhaṅgulapādaka</span>nti bhāvanapuṃsakaṃ. Tulāsaṅghāte ṭhapanameva aṭṭakaraṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Mañcapīṭhasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">6. Tūlonaddhasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kiñcāpi <a name="V0.0100"></a> paṭilābheyeva pācittiyaṃ viya dissati, paribhoge eva pana āpatti daṭṭhabbā. ‘‘Aññena kataṃ paṭilabhitvā paribhuñjati, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti (pāci. 529) vacanaṃ ettha sādhakaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Tūlonaddhasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">7. Nisīdanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kiñcāpi nisīdanassa jāti na dissati ettha, tathāpi cīvarakkhandhake anuññātattā, ‘‘nava cīvarāni adhiṭṭhātabbānī’’ti ettha ca pariyāpannattā cīvarajāti evassa jātīti veditabbaṃ. ‘‘Lābhe sadasaṃ, alābhe adasampi vaṭṭatī’’ti eke, taṃ na yuttaṃ ‘‘nisīdanaṃ nāma sadasaṃ vuccatī’’ti (pāci. 531-532) tassa saṇṭhānaniyamanato.</p>
<p class="centered">Nisīdanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Ratanavaggo navamo.</p>
<p class="centered">Suddhapācittiyavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter">Pāṭidesanīyakaṇḍaṃ</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Paṭhamapāṭidesanīyasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yāmakālikādīsu</span> <a name="M0.0106"></a><a name="V0.0101"></a> āhāratthāya eva dukkaṭaṃ. Tampi āmisena asambhinnarase, sambhinne pana ekarase pāṭidesanīyameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Paṭhamapāṭidesanīyasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">2. Dutiyapāṭidesanīyasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Samuṭṭhānādīni kathinasadisāni, idaṃ pana kiriyākiriya’’</span>nti pāṭho.</p>
<p class="centered">Dutiyapāṭidesanīyasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">4. Catutthapāṭidesanīyasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ārāme vā ārāmūpacāre vā paṭiggahetvā ajjhoharantassā</span>ti ārāme vā ārāmūpacāre vā paṭiggahetvā ārāme vā ārāmūpacāre vā ajjhoharantassāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bahārāme paṭiggahitaṃ ajjhārāme bhuñjantassa anāpatti. Aṅgesu ca ‘‘ajjhārāme vā ārāmūpacāre vā paṭiggahaṇa’’nti gahetabbaṃ. Ajjhārāme hi dassite ārāmūpacāraṃ dassitamevāti. <span class="bld">‘‘Samuṭṭhānādīni kathinasadisāni, idaṃ pana kiriyākiriya’’</span>nti pāṭho.</p>
<p class="centered">Catutthapāṭidesanīyasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Pāṭidesanīyavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter">Sekhiyakaṇḍaṃ</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sekhiyesu <a name="M0.0107"></a><a name="V0.0102"></a> satipi vītikkame anādariyāpekkhasseva āpattīti dassanatthaṃ kārako na vutto. Ayañhi vinayadhammatā, yadidaṃ sāpekkhe kārakaniddeso, so vuttaniyame vidhi, bhummakaraṇañca. Aṭṭhaṅgulādhikampi otāretvā nivāsetuṃ vaṭṭati. Tato paraṃ otārentassa dukkaṭanti <span class="bld">mahāaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ārāme vā</span>ti buddhupaṭṭhānādikāle. <span class="bld">Pārupitabbanti</span> uttarāsaṅgakiccavasena vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ṭhatvā</span>ti ettha gacchantopi parissayābhāvaṃ oloketuṃ labhatiyevāti (vajira. ṭī. pācittiya 582) likhitaṃ. Yathā vāsūpagatassa antaraghare kāyaṃ vivaritvā nisīdituṃ vaṭṭati, tathā tassa santike gantukāmassapi kāyabandhanaṃ abandhitvā saṅghāṭiṃ apārupitvā gāmappavesanamanārocetvā yathākāmaṃ gantuṃ vaṭṭati. Tasmā addhānamaggagamanakāle eko bhikkhu gāmappavesanavattaṃ pūretvā gāmaṃ pavisitvā ekaṃ āvasathaṃ puratova ṭhitaṃ patvā parikkhāraṃ ṭhapetvā vāsūpagato ce hoti, itarehi tassa santikaṃ yathāsukhaṃ gantuṃ vaṭṭati. Ko pana vādo catūhapañcāhaṃ vāsamadhiṭṭhāya vasitabhikkhūnaṃ santikaṃ gantuñca vāsūpagatānaṃ santikaṃ gantuñca vaṭṭatīti. Buddhapūjampi yathāsukhaṃ gantuṃ vaṭṭati. Vuttampi cetaṃ aṭṭhakathāyaṃ ‘‘anāpatti kāraṇaṃ paṭicca tahaṃ tahaṃ oloketī’’ti. Tattha <span class="bld">kāraṇaṃ</span> nāma āmisapūjāti veditabbāti likhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Chabbīsatisāruppavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā ‘‘samatittiko piṇḍapāto paṭiggahetabbo’’ti (pāci. 602-603) vacanaṃ piṇḍapāto samapuṇṇo paṭiggahetabboti dīpeti, tasmā attano hatthagate patte piṇḍapāto diyyamāno thūpīkatopi ce hoti, vaṭṭatīti dīpito hoti. Sūpodanaviññattiyaṃ mukhe pakkhipitvā vippaṭisāre uppanne puna uggiritukāmassāpi sahasā ce pavisati, ettha <span class="bld">asañcicca</span> <a name="V0.0103"></a> <span class="bld">bhuñjati</span> nāma. Viññattikatañca akatañca ekasmiṃ ṭhāne ṭhitaṃ sahasā anupadhāretvā gahetvā bhuñjati, <span class="bld">assatiyā bhuñjati</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Sayaṃ <a name="M0.0108"></a> yānagato hutvā, yathā <span class="bld">yānagatassa</span> ce;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Alaṃ vatthuṃ tathā nālaṃ, sachatto <span class="bld">chattapāṇino</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Sūpodanaviññattisikkhāpadaṃ theyyasatthasamuṭṭhānaṃ, kiriyaṃ, saññāvimokkhaṃ, sacittakaṃ, lokavajjaṃ, kāyakammaṃ, vacīkammaṃ, akusalacittaṃ, dukkhavedana’’</span>nti pāṭho.</p>
<p class="centered">Sekhiyavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Bhikkhupātimokkhavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered"> Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa</p>
<p class="chapter">Bhikkhunīpātimokkhavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="chapter">Pārājikakaṇḍaṃ</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Abhilāpamattamevā</span>ti <a name="M0.0109"></a><a name="V0.0104"></a> ettha daharavasena ‘‘bhante’’ti ca vuḍḍhavasena ‘‘āvuso’’ti ca tattha duvidho abhilāpo, idha pana vuḍḍhadaharānaṃ ‘‘ayyā’’ti ekameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāyasaṃsagge vuttanayenā</span>ti ettha tabbahulanayena kiriyasamuṭṭhānatā vuttā. ‘‘Kāyasaṃsaggaṃ samāpajjeyyā’’ti avatvā pana ‘‘sādiyeyyā’’ti vuttattā akiriyatopi samuṭṭhātīti veditabbaṃ. Yathā cettha, evaṃ heṭṭhā ‘‘manussitthiyā tayo magge methunaṃ dhammaṃ paṭisevantassa āpatti pārājikassā’’tiādinā (pārā. 56) nayena kiriyasamuṭṭhānataṃ vatvā tadanantaraṃ ‘‘bhikkhupaccatthikā manussitthiṃ bhikkhussa santikaṃ ānetvā vaccamaggena aṅgajātaṃ abhinisīdenti, so ce pavesanaṃ sādiyatī’’tiādinā (pārā. 58) nayena akiriyasamuṭṭhānassapi vuttattā paṭhamapārājikāyapi tabbahulanayeneva kiriyasamuṭṭhānatā veditabbā. Na hi pavesanasādiyanādimhi kiriyasamuṭṭhānatā dissati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aṅgajātacalanañcettha <a name="V0.0105"></a> na sārato daṭṭhabbaṃ ‘‘so ce pavesanaṃ na sādiyati, paviṭṭhaṃ na sādiyati, ṭhitaṃ na sādiyati, uddharaṇaṃ sādiyati, āpatti pārājikassā’’ti (pārā. 58) ettha ṭhitanasādiyane pakatiyāpi paripuṇṇacalanattā. Sādiyanapaccayā paṭisevanacalanañcettha na dissatevāti tabbahulanayeneva kiriyasamuṭṭhānatā gahetabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica bhikkhuniyāpi paṭhamapārājike tassa sādiyanassa sarūpena vuttattā tadanurūpavasena vibhaṅganayamanoloketvā ‘‘kiriyasamuṭṭhāna’’micceva vuttaṃ. Yathā cetesu tabbahulanayena kiriyasamuṭṭhānatā vuttā, tathā surādīnaṃ akusaleneva pātabbatā. Itarathā ‘‘yaṃ akusaleneva <a name="M0.0110"></a> āpajjati, ayaṃ lokavajjā, sesā paṇṇattivajjā’’ti vutte lokavajjapaṇṇattivajjānaṃ niyamalakkhaṇasiddhi hoti, tathā taṃ avatvā ‘‘yassā sacittakapakkhe cittaṃ akusalameva hoti, ayaṃ lokavajjā, sesā paṇṇattivajjā’’ti (kaṅkhā. aṭṭha. paṭhamapārājikavaṇṇanā) vutte lokavajjavacanaṃ niratthakaṃ siyā vatthuajānanapakkhepi akusaleneva pātabbattā. Yasmā tattha surāpānavītikkamassa akusalacittuppādo natthi, tasmā <span class="bld">khandhakaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> ‘‘majjapāne pana bhikkhuno ajānitvāpi bījato paṭṭhāya majjaṃ pivantassa pācittiyaṃ. Sāmaṇero jānitvāva pivanto sīlabhedaṃ āpajjati, na ajānitvā’’ti (mahāva. aṭṭha. 108) vuttaṃ, na vuttaṃ ‘‘vatthuajānanapakkhe pāṇātipātādīnaṃ siddhikaraakusalacittuppādasadise cittuppāde satipi sāmaṇero sīlabhedaṃ nāpajjatī’’ti. Abhinivesavacanaṃ pāṇātipātādīhi samānagatikattā sāmaṇerānaṃ surāpānassa. ‘‘Surāmerayime’’ti vatthuṃ jānitvā pātabbatādivasena vītikkamantassa akusalassa asambhavo natthi. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘yassā sacittakapakkhe’’tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kiñcettha – yuttivacanena arahantānaṃ appavisanato sacittakācittakapakkhesu akusalaniyamoti ce? Na, dhammatāvasena sekkhānampi appavisanato. Acittakapakkhe akusalaniyamābhāvadassanatthaṃ supantassa mukhe pakkhittajalabindumiva surābinduādayo udāharitabbā. Tabbahulanayena hi atthe gahite pubbenāparaṃ aṭṭhakathāya sameti saddhiṃ pāḷiyā cāti. Ācariyāpi surāpāne akusalaniyamābhāvameva vadanti. Ekacce pana kiriyasamuṭṭhānatā panassa tabbahulanayameva, na paṭhamapārājike. Kathaṃ? Kāyasaṃsaggasikkhāpadaṃ paṭhamapārājikasamuṭṭhānaṃ. Ettha bhikkhussa ca bhikkhuniyā ca kāyasaṃsaggabhāve sati bhikkhunī kāyaṅgaṃ acopayamānāpi citteneva adhivāseti, āpajjati, na evaṃ bhikkhu. Bhikkhu pana copayamānova āpajjati, evameva paṭhamapārājikepi copane sati eva āpajjati, nāsati. <span class="bld">Pavesanaṃ</span> <a name="V0.0106"></a> <span class="bld">sādiyatī</span>ti ettha pavesanasādiyanaṃ nāma sevanacittuppādanaṃ, maggena vā maggappaṭipannampi icchanti. Tassāpi kāyacalanaṃ ekantaṃ atthi eva. Evaṃ santepi vīmaṃsitvā gahetabbanti vadantīti likhitaṃ</p>
<p class="centered">Pārājikavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter">Saṅghādisesakaṇḍaṃ</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Ussayavādikāsikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bhikkhunīnaṃ <a name="M0.0111"></a><a name="V0.0107"></a> saṅghādisesaṃ patvā vuṭṭhānavidhayo sandassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ayaṃ bhikkhunī…pe… āpannā’’</span>ti puggalaniyamaṃ katvā pārājikato adhippāyanti <span class="bld">‘‘nissāraṇīyaṃ saṅghādisesa’’</span>nti āpattināmaggahaṇañca kataṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Samuṭṭhānādīni paṭhamakathinasadisāni, idaṃ pana kiriyamevā’’</span>ti pāṭho.</p>
<p class="centered">Ussayavādikāsikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">2. Corivuṭṭhāpikāsikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Katthaci agantvā nisinnaṭṭhāne eva nisīditvā karontiyā <span class="bld">vācācittato,</span> khaṇḍasīmādigatāya <span class="bld">kāyavācācittato</span>.</p>
<p class="centered">Corivuṭṭhāpikāsikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">3. Ekagāmantaragamanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Ābhogaṃ vinā’’</span>ti vuttattā ābhoge sati anāpatti, imasmiṃ pana sikkhāpade <span class="bld">samantapāsādikāyaṃ</span> upacārātikkame āpatti vuttā, idha okkame. Dvīsupi vuttaṃ atthato ekameva gāmantaragamanasaṅghādisesaṃ upacārassa sandhāya vuttattā. Gaṇamhā ohīyanassa virodho. ‘‘Araññe’’ti idaṃ atthavasena vuttaṃ, gāmantarepi hoti eva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sikkhāpadā</span> <a name="V0.0108"></a> <span class="bld">buddhavarena vaṇṇitā</span>ti gāthāya vasena, aṭṭhakathāyampi gāmantarapariyāpannaṃ nadipāranti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Ekagāmantaragamanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Chādanapaccayā</span> <a name="M0.0112"></a> <span class="bld">pana dukkaṭaṃ āpajjatī’’</span>ti idaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Āpajjati garukaṃ sāvasesaṃ;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Chādeti anādariyaṃ paṭicca;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Na bhikkhunī no ca phuseyya vajjaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Pañhāmesā kusalehi cintitā’’ti. (pari. 481) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Imāya virujjhati. Tasmā pamādalekhā viya dissatīti gavesitabbo ettha attho. Bhikkhūnaṃ mānattakathāyaṃ ‘‘parikkhittassa vihārassa parikkhepato, aparikkhittassa parikkhepārahaṭṭhānato dve leḍḍupāte atikkamitvā’’ti (kaṅkhā. aṭṭha. nigamanavaṇṇanā) vuttaṃ, idha pana <span class="bld">‘‘gāmūpacārato ca bhikkhūnaṃ vihārūpacārato ca dve leḍḍupāte’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tatra bhikkhūnaṃ vuttappakārappadesaṃ atikkamitvā gāmepi taṃ kammaṃ kātuṃ vaṭṭati, bhikkhunīnaṃ pana gāme na vaṭṭati. Tasmā evaṃ vuttanti eke. Apare pana bhikkhūnampi gāme na vaṭṭati. Bhikkhuvihāro nāma pubbe eva gāmūpacāraṃ atikkamitvā ṭhito, tasmā gāmaṃ avatvā vihārūpacārameva heṭṭhā vuttaṃ. Bhikkhunīnaṃ vihāro gāme eva vaṭṭati, na bahi, tasmā gāmūpacārañca vihārūpacārañca ubhayamevettha dassitaṃ. Tasmā ubhayatthāpi atthato nānāttaṃ natthīti vadanti. Yaṃ yujjati, taṃ gahetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Saṅghādisesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter">Nissaggiyakaṇḍaṃ</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dutiye <a name="M0.0113"></a><a name="V0.0109"></a> idha bhājāpitāya laddhacīvaraṃ nissaggiyaṃ hoti, taṃ vinayakammaṃ katvāpi attanā na labbhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatiye <span class="bld">‘‘samuṭṭhānādīni adinnādānasadisāni, idaṃ pana dukkhavedana’’</span>nti pāṭho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Catutthe paṭhamaṃ viññattaṃ alabhitvā aññaṃ tato ūnatarampi labheyya, nissaggiyameva aṅgasampattito.</p>
<p class="centered">Nissaggiyavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter">Pācittiyakaṇḍaṃ</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Paṭhamavaggavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paṭhame <a name="M0.0114"></a><a name="V0.0110"></a> haritapattavaṇṇo <span class="bld">haritako. Cāpalasuṇaṃ</span> amiñjako. Aṅkuramattameva hi tassa hoti. <span class="bld">Palaṇḍukā</span>dayo sabhāveneva vaṭṭanti. <span class="bld">Sūpasampākādī</span> vināpi antamaso yāgubhattepi pakkhipituṃ vaṭṭatīti likhitaṃ, ‘‘bhikkhuniyāpi gilānāya purebhattameva lasuṇaṃ kappati, na agilānāyā’’ti abhayagirīnaṃ uggahoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dutiye ābādhapaccayā bhikkhunisaṅghaṃ āpucchitvā saṃharāpetuṃ vaṭṭati, bhikkhussa ettha ca lasuṇe ca dukkaṭaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sattame <span class="bld">‘‘samuṭṭhānādīni addhānamaggasikkhāpadasadisānī’’</span>ti pāṭho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Navame <span class="bld">kuṭṭo</span> nāma gharakuṭṭo. <span class="bld">Pākāro</span> nāma parikkhepapākāro.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Chaḍḍitakhette</span>ti purāṇakhette. Saṅghasantake bhikkhussa chaḍḍetuṃ vaṭṭati saṅghapariyāpannattā. Bhikkhunīnampi saṅghasantake bhikkhusaṅghasantake vuttanayeneva vaṭṭati. Evaṃ santepi sāruppavasena kātabbanti likhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dasame <span class="bld">‘‘sayaṃ tāni vatthūni karontiyā’’</span>tiādi idha sikkhāpade natthi. Kasmā? Eḷakalomasamuṭṭhānattā. Yadi evaṃ kasmā vuttanti ce? Suttānulomamahāpadesato. Yadi naccādīni passituṃ vā suṇituṃ vā na labhati, pageva attanā kātunti nayato labbhamānattā vuttaṃ. Itarathā mahāpadesā niratthakā siyuṃ. ‘‘Evaṃ aññatthapi nayo netabbo. Samuṭṭhānampi idha vuttameva <a name="V0.0111"></a> aggahetvā chasamuṭṭhānavasena gahetabba’’nti ācariyā. Idha vuttaṃ samuṭṭhānaṃ nāma mūlabhūtassa antarā vuttāpattiyā, tasmā eḷakalomasamuṭṭhānamevāti apare. <span class="bld">Ārāme ṭhatvā</span>ti na kevalaṃ ṭhatvā, tato gantvā pana sabbiriyāpathehipi labhati. <span class="bld">Ārāme ṭhitā</span>ti pana ārāmapariyāpannāti attho. Itarathā nisinnāpi na labheyyāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Paṭhamavaggavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">2. Dutiyavaggavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pañcame <a name="M0.0115"></a> <span class="bld">upacāro</span> dvādasahattho. <span class="bld">‘‘Samuṭṭhānādīni kathinasadisāni, idaṃ pana kiriyākiriya’’</span>nti pāṭho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sattame <span class="bld">dhuvapaññatte</span>ti bhikkhunīnaṃ atthāya. <span class="bld">Kulānī</span>ti kulagharāni.</p>
<p class="centered">Dutiyavaggavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">3. Tatiyavaggavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Catutthe saṅghāṭiādivasena adhiṭṭhitānaṃ <span class="bld">saṅghāṭicāraṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pañcame <span class="bld">‘‘idaṃ pana kiriyākiriya’’</span>nti pāṭho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Chaṭṭhe <span class="bld">aññasmiṃ parikkhāre dukkaṭa</span>nti thālakādīnaṃ vā sappitelādīnaṃ vā aññatarasmiṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Tatiyavaggavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">4. Catutthavaggavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Chaṭṭhe saṃsaṭṭhavihārasikkhāpade <span class="bld">‘‘sesamettha paṭhamaariṭṭhasikkhāpade vuttavinicchayasadisamevā’’</span>ti pāṭho.</p>
<p class="centered">Catutthavaggavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">5. Pañcamavaggavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Cittāgāraṃ <a name="V0.0112"></a> nāma yattha katthaci manussānaṃ kīḷituṃ ramituṃ kataṃ hotī’’tiādinā (pāci. 979) pāḷiyaṃ vuttattā cittāgārādīni sabbesaṃ atthāya katāni, na rañño eva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sattame etena nissajjituṃ kappiyaṃ vuttaṃ. ‘‘Nissajjitvā paribhuñjatī’’ti (pāci. 1007) pāḷi ca atthi. <span class="bld">‘‘Samuṭṭhānādīni kathinasadisāni, idaṃ pana kiriyākiriya’’</span>nti pāṭho. Aṭṭhamepi esova pāṭho.</p>
<p class="centered">Pañcamavaggavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">6. Chaṭṭhavaggavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dasame <a name="M0.0116"></a> <span class="bld">‘‘samuṭṭhānādīni kathinasadisāni, idaṃ pana kiriyākiriya’’</span>nti pāṭho.</p>
<p class="centered">Chaṭṭhavaggavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">8. Aṭṭhamavaggavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paṭhamadutiyatatiyesu <span class="bld">‘‘gihigatā’’ti vā ‘‘kumāribhūtā’’ti vā na vattabbā</span>. Vadanti ce, kammaṃ kuppati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ekādasame <span class="bld">chandaṃ avissajjetvā</span>ti ‘‘yathāsukha’’nti avatvā. Ettha pana ayaṃ vinicchayo – ‘‘pārivāsikachandadānenā’’ti idaṃ uddharitvā ‘‘vuṭṭhitāya parisāyā’’ti (pāci. 1168) padabhājanaṃ vuttaṃ. Etassa pana <span class="bld">samantapāsādikāyaṃ</span> ‘‘vuṭṭhitāya parisāyāti chandaṃ vissajjetvā kāyena vā vācāya vā chandavissajjanamattena vā vuṭṭhitāyā’’ti (pāci. aṭṭha. 1167) vuttaṃ. Idha chandassa pana avissaṭṭhattā kammaṃ kātuṃ vaṭṭatīti vuttaṃ. Tasmā chandaṃ avissajjetvāva dvādasahatthapāse viharitvā puna sannipātakaraṇañca vaṭṭatīti likhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Aṭṭhamavaggavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">9. Navamavaggavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatiye <a name="V0.0113"></a> <span class="bld">‘‘sesaṃ vuttanayena veditabbaṃ, idaṃ pana akusalacitta’’</span>nti pāṭho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Catutthe <span class="bld">vuttanayenā</span>ti tatiye vuttanayena.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ekādasame <span class="bld">‘‘samuṭṭhānādīni kathinasadisāni, idaṃ pana kiriyākiriya’’</span>nti pāṭho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dvādasame <span class="bld">‘‘samuṭṭhānādīni padasodhammasadisāni, idaṃ pana kiriyākiriya’’</span>nti pāṭho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Terasame ‘‘saṃkaccikaṃ nāma adhakkhakaṃ ubbhanābhi, tassā paṭicchādanatthāyā’’ti (pāci. 1226) pāḷiyaṃ vuttattā idhāpi <span class="bld">‘‘adhakkhakaubbhanābhisaṅkhātassa sarīrassa paṭicchādanattha’’</span>nti <a name="M0.0117"></a> pāṭho. Aparikkhepe āpattiparicchedaṃ samantapāsādikavasena aggahetvā idha vuttanayena gahetabbanti likhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Navamavaggavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Suddhapācittiyavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Samuṭṭhānavinicchayavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Samuṭṭhānānaṃ vinicchaye pana giraggasamajjādīni ‘‘acittakāni lokavajjānī’’ti vuttattā ‘‘nacca’’nti vā ‘‘gandha’’nti vā ajānitvāpi dassanena, vilimpanena vā āpajjanato vatthuajānanacittena <span class="bld">acittakāni</span>. ‘‘Nacca’’nti vā ‘‘gandha’’nti vā jānitvā passantiyā, vilimpantiyā vā akusalattā eva <span class="bld">lokavajjāni</span>. Corivuṭṭhāpanādīni <span class="bld">‘‘corī’’</span>tiādinā vatthuṃ jānitvā karaṇeyeva āpajjanattā <span class="bld">sacittakāni</span>. Upasampadādīnaṃ ekantākusalacitteneva akattabbattā <span class="bld">paṇṇattivajjāni</span>. ‘‘Idha sacittakācittakatā paṇṇattijānanājānanatāya aggahetvā vatthujānanājānanatāya gahetabba’’nti likhitaṃ. Adhippetattā saṅkhepato dassanābhāvā –</p>
<p class="gatha1">Acittakattaṃ <a name="V0.0114"></a> dvidhā mataṃ, vatthupaṇṇattiaññāṇā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Vuttaṃ ñāṇaṃ dvidhā idha, sakanāmena aññātaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Paranāmañca jānanaṃ, vatthussekaṃ balakkāre;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Ekadhā samacārike, tasmiṃ tappaṭibandhoti.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Paranāmena jānanaṃ, dvidhā muttādike ekaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Ekaṃ lomādike matanti, ayaṃ bhedo veditabbo.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Sesamettha uttānaṃ, anuttānatthe vuttavinicchayattā na uddhaṭanti;</p>
<p class="centered">Samuṭṭhānavinicchayavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Bhikkhunīpātimokkhavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Kaṅkhāvitaraṇīpurāṇaṭīkā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered"> Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa</p>
<p class="book">Kaṅkhāvitaraṇī-abhinavaṭīkā</p>
<p class="subsubhead">Ganthārambhakathā</p>
<p class="gatha1">Tilokatilakaṃ <a name="M0.0119"></a><a name="V0.0115"></a> buddhaṃ, vande suddhaguṇākaraṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Karuṇāsītalībhūta-hadayaṃ mahitodayaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Tenāpi dhammarājena, lokekācariyena yo;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Pūjito tañca saddhammaṃ, vande gambhīramuttamaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Munindacandasaddhamma-raṃsīhi vimalehi yo;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Bodhitohaṃ sadā vande, taṃ saṅghaṃ kumudākaraṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Vinaye <a name="V0.0116"></a> nayagambhīre, sabbathā pāradassinā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Vādinā duttarāgādha-sabbasatthamahaṇṇave.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Yā katā <span class="bld">buddhaghosena,</span> therena thiracetasā;</p>
<p class="gathalast"><span class="bld">Kaṅkhāvitaraṇī</span> nāma, mātikaṭṭhakathā subhā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Thirānekaguṇoghena, therena vinayaññunā;</p>
<p class="gatha1">Kalyāṇācārayuttena, dhīmatā munisūnunā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Vinayaṭṭhitikāmena, <span class="bld">sumedhenā</span>bhiyācito.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Tamahaṃ vaṇṇayissāmi, suvisuddhamanākulaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sādhavo taṃ nisāmetha, sakkaccaṃ mama bhāsatoti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Ganthārambhakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sabbakusaladhammappamukhassa vipuloḷāraguṇavisesāvahassa paramagambhīrassa pātimokkhassa atthasaṃvaṇṇanaṃ kattukāmoyamācariyo paṭhamaṃ tāva <span class="bld">‘‘buddhaṃ dhamma’’</span>ntiādinā ratanattayappaṇāmakaraṇena attano cittasantānaṃ punāti. Visuddhacittasantānanissayā hi paññā tikkhavisadabhāvappattiyā yathādhippetasaṃvaṇṇanāya pariyosānagamanasamatthā hotīti<a name="M0.0120"></a>. Apica ratanattayappaṇāmena vidhutasabbakibbise cittasantāne bhavantarūpacitānipi antarāyikakammāni paccayavekallato yathādhippetāya atthasaṃvaṇṇanāya nālamantarāyakaraṇāyātipi ācariyassa ratanattayavandanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">buddha</span>saddassa tāva ‘‘bujjhitā saccānīti buddho, bodhetā pajāyāti buddho’’tiādinā (mahāni. 192; cūḷani. pārāyanatthutigāthāniddesa 97; paṭi. ma. 1.162) niddesanayena attho veditabbo. Atha vā savāsanāya aññāṇaniddāya accantavigamato, buddhiyā vā vikasitabhāvato buddhavāti <span class="bld">buddho</span> jāgaraṇavikasanatthavasena. Atha vā kassacipi ñeyyadhammassa anavabuddhassa abhāvena, ñeyyavisesassa ca kammabhāvena aggahaṇato <a name="V0.0117"></a> kammavacanicchāya abhāvena avagamanatthavaseneva kattuniddeso labbhatīti buddhavāti <span class="bld">buddho</span> yathā ‘‘dikkhito na dadātī’’ti. Atthato pana pāramitāparibhāvitena sayambhuñāṇena sahavāsanāya vigataviddhastaniravasesupakkileso mahākaruṇāsabbaññutaññāṇādiaparimeyyaguṇagaṇādhārova khandhasantāno buddho. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Buddhoti yo so bhagavā sayambhū anācariyako pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu sāmaṃ saccāni abhisambujjhi, tattha ca sabbaññutaṃ patto, balesu ca vasībhāva’’nti (mahāni. 192; cūḷani. pārāyanatthutigāthāniddesa 97; paṭi. ma. 1.161),</p>
<p class="unindented">Taṃ buddhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dhāretīti <span class="bld">dhammo</span>. Ayañhi yathānusiṭṭhaṃ paṭipajjamāne apāyadukkhe, saṃsāradukkhe ca apatamāne dhāretīti, tannibbattakakilesaviddhaṃsanañcettha dhāraṇaṃ. Evañca katvā ariyamaggo, tassa tadatthasiddhihetutāya nibbānañcāti ubhayameva nippariyāyato dhāreti. Ariyaphalañca pana taṃsamucchinnakilesapaṭippassambhanena tadanukūlatāya, pariyattidhammo ca tadadhigamahetutāyāti ubhayampi pariyāyato dhāretīti veditabbaṃ, taṃ dhammaṃ. Ca-saddo samuccayattho. Tena yathāvuttaṃ buddhaṃ, imañca dhammaṃ vanditvāti buddharatanena saha vandanakiriyāya dhammaratanaṃ samuccinoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Na kevalaṃ idaṃ dvayamevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘saṅghañcā’’</span>ti. Ariyena diṭṭhisīlasāmaññena saṃhato ghaṭitoti <span class="bld">saṅgho,</span> aṭṭhaariyapuggalasamūho. Tehi <a name="M0.0121"></a> tehi vā maggaphalehi kilesadarathānaṃ samucchedapaṭippassambhanavasena sammadeva ghātitattā <span class="bld">saṅgho,</span> pothujjanikasaṅghassāpi pubbabhāgappaṭipadāya ṭhitattā purimacetanāya viya dāne ettheva saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. Sopi hi kiñcāpi ariyena diṭṭhisīlasāmaññena asaṃhato, niyyānikapakkhiyena pana pothujjanikena saṃhatattā dakkhiṇeyyapaṇipātāraho <span class="bld">saṅgho</span>yevāti, taṃ saṅghaṃ. <span class="bld">Ca</span>-saddassattho etthāpi vuttanayeneva veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kiṃvisiṭṭhaṃ buddhaṃ, dhammaṃ, saṅghañcāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vandanāmānapūjāsakkārabhājana’’</span>nti. Idañca visesanaṃ paccekaṃ yojetabbaṃ ‘‘vandanāmānapūjāsakkārabhājanaṃ. Buddhaṃ…pe… vandanāmānapūjāsakkārabhājanaṃ saṅghañcā’’ti. Tattha sadevakena lokena arahatādīhi guṇehi seṭṭhabhāvena kariyamāno paṇāmo <span class="bld">vandanā,</span> sammāno <span class="bld">māno,</span> gandhapupphādīhi upahāro <span class="bld">pūjā,</span> abhisaṅkhatapaccayadānaṃ <a name="V0.0118"></a> <span class="bld">sakkāro,</span> vandanā ca māno ca pūjā ca sakkāro ca <span class="bld">vandanāmānapūjāsakkārā,</span> tesaṃ mahapphalabhāvakaraṇena bhājanattā ādhārattā <span class="bld">vandanāmānapūjāsakkārabhājanaṃ</span>. Iminā ratanattayassa arahatādīhi guṇehi asamabhāvaṃ dasseti. Tandassanampi takkatassa nipaccakārassa sasantānapavanādivasena yathādhippetāya atthasaṃvaṇṇanāya nipphādanasamatthabhāvadīpanatthanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vippasannena cetasā vanditvā</span>ti arahatādianekappakāraguṇavisesānussaraṇavasena vividhena, visesena vā pasannena manasā saddhiṃ kāyavācāhi karaṇabhūtāhi abhivandiyāti attho, tīhi dvārehi namassitvāti vuttaṃ hoti. Tividhā cāyaṃ vandanā kāyavacīmanovandanānaṃ vasena. Tattha buddhādiguṇārammaṇā kāmāvacarakusalakiriyānaṃ aññataracetanā kāyavacīviññattiyo samuṭṭhāpetvā kāyavacīdvāravasena uppannā <span class="bld">kāyavacīvandanā</span>ti vuccati, ubhayaviññattiyo pana asamuṭṭhāpetvā manodvāravasena uppannā <span class="bld">manovandanā</span>ti. Imassa padassa ‘‘vaṇṇanaṃ vaṇṇayissāmī’’ti iminā sambandho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ ratanattayassa paṇāmaṃ dassetvā idāni attano nissayabhūtānaṃ aṭṭhakathācariyānañca paṇāmaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘theravaṃsappadīpāna’’</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha katañjalī pubbācariyasīhānaṃ namo katvāti sambandho. Kato añjali karapuṭo etenāti <span class="bld">katañjalī</span>. Chandānurakkhaṇatthañhettha dīgho<a name="M0.0122"></a>, katañjalī hutvāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Pubbācariyā</span> porāṇaṭṭhakathākārā tambapaṇṇiyā mahātherā, te eva parissayasahanato, paṭipakkhabhūtakilesahananato, paravādimigehi apadhaṃsanīyato ca sīhasadisattā <span class="bld">sīhā</span>ti <span class="bld">pubbācariyasīhā,</span> tesaṃ pubbācariyasīhānaṃ. Kīdisā te pubbācariyasīhā, yesaṃ tayā namo karīyatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘theravaṃsappadīpāna’’</span>ntiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">theravaṃsappadīpāna</span>nti thirehi sīlakkhandhādīhi samannāgatāti <span class="bld">therā,</span> mahākassapādayo, tesaṃ vaṃso anvayoti <span class="bld">theravaṃso</span>. Etena bhinnaladdhikānaṃ sattarasabhedānaṃ mahāsaṅghikādīnaṃ vaṃsaṃ paṭikkhipati, theravaṃsapariyāpannā hutvā pana āgamādhigamasampannattā paññāpajjotena tassa theravaṃsassa dīpanato <span class="bld">theravaṃsappadīpā,</span> pubbācariyasīhā, tesaṃ theravaṃsappadīpānaṃ. Asaṃhīrattā <span class="bld">thirānaṃ</span>. <span class="bld">Vinayakkame</span>ti ārambhānurūpavacanametaṃ, te pana suttābhidhammesupi thirā eva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ aṭṭhakathācariyānampi paṇāmaṃ dassetvā idāni saṃvaṇṇetabbadhammavisesassa abhidhānānisaṃsaṃ, desakasampattiyo ca dassento <span class="bld">‘‘pāmokkha’’</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha mahesinā yaṃ pātimokkhaṃ pakāsitanti sambandho. Tattha <span class="bld">mahesinā</span>ti mahante sīlādike pañca dhammakkhandhe esī <a name="V0.0119"></a> gavesīti <span class="bld">mahesi</span>. Mahantehi esitoti vā puthujjanasekhāsekhaisīhi visiṭṭhattā mahanto isīti vā <span class="bld">mahesi,</span> sammāsambuddho, tena mahesinā. <span class="bld">Pātimokkha</span>nti sattāpattikkhandhasaṃvarabhūtaṃ sikkhāpadasīlaṃ, taddīpanato ubhatovibhaṅgasuttasaṅkhātaṃ ganthapātimokkhameva vā. Kimbhūtanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pāmokkha’’</span>ntiādi. Pamukhe sādhūti pamokkhaṃ, pamokkhameva <span class="bld">pāmokkhaṃ,</span> vajjapaṭipakkhattā anavajjānaṃ samādhipaññāsaṅkhātānaṃ parittamahaggatalokuttarānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ādi patiṭṭhābhūtanti attho. ‘‘Sīle patiṭṭhāya naro sapañño, cittaṃ paññañca bhāvaya’’nti (saṃ. ni. 1.23, 192; peṭako. 22; mi. pa. 2.1.9) hi vuttaṃ. Mukhamivāti <span class="bld">mukhaṃ,</span> dvāraṃ. Yathā hi sattānaṃ khajjabhojjaleyyapeyyavasena catubbidhopi āhāro mukhena pavisitvā aṅgapaccaṅgāni pharati, evaṃ yoginopi cātubhūmakakusalaṃ sīlamukhena pavisitvā atthasiddhiṃ sampādeti. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘mukhamivāti mukha’’nti. Atha vā <span class="bld">mukhaṃ</span> dvāraṃ <span class="bld">mokkhappavesāya</span> nibbānasacchikiriyāyāti attho. Vuttañhi –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Avippaṭisāratthāni <a name="M0.0123"></a> kho, ānanda, kusalāni sīlānī’’ti (a. ni. 11.1).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Avippaṭisāro pāmojjatthāya, pāmojjaṃ pītatthāya, pīti passaddhatthāya, passaddhi sukhatthāya, sukhaṃ samādhatthāya, samādhi yathābhūtañāṇadassanatthāya, yathābhūtañāṇadassanaṃ nibbidatthāya, nibbidā virāgatthāya, virāgo vimuttatthāya, vimutti vimuttiñāṇadassanatthāya, vimuttiñāṇadassanaṃ anupādāparinibbānatthāyā’’ti (pari. 366) ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ saṃvaṇṇetabbadhammassa abhidhānādiṃ dassetvā idāni saṃvaṇṇanāya nimittaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sūratenā’’</span>tiādinā catutthagāthamāha. Tattha <span class="bld">sūratenā</span>ti sobhane ratoti sūrato u-kārassa dīghaṃ katvā, tena sūratena, sobhane kāyikavācasikakamme ratenāti attho, vinītenāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Nivātenā</span>ti nīcavuttinā. <span class="bld">Sucisallekhavuttinā</span>ti sucibhūtā kilesasallikhanasamatthā vutti paṭipatti etassāti sucisallekhavutti, tena sucisallekhavuttinā, parisuddhāya appicchavuttiyā samannāgatenāti attho. <span class="bld">Vinayācārayuttenā</span>ti vārittacārittasīlasampannena. Atha vā <span class="bld">vinayo</span>ti cettha pātimokkhasaṃvarādibhedo saṃvaravinayo. <span class="bld">Ācāro</span>ti ācāragocaraniddese āgatasamaṇasāruppācāro<a name="V0.0120"></a>. <span class="bld">Soṇattherenā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">soṇo</span>ti tassa nāmaṃ. Thirehi sīlakkhandhādīhi samannāgatattā <span class="bld">thero. Yācito</span>ti abhiyācito. Thero hi pātimokkhassa gambhīratāya duravagāhataṃ, ācariyassa ca taṃsaṃvaṇṇanāya sāmatthiyaṃ ñatvā ‘‘pātimokkhassa tayā atthasaṃvaṇṇanā kātabbā. Evañhi sāsanassa suciraṭṭhitikatā hotī’’ti sānisaṃsagāravena yācanaṃ akāsi. Tadassa yācanaṃ attano saṃvaṇṇanāya nidānabhūtaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘yācito’’</span>ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca ‘‘sūratenā’’ti imināssa soraccaṃ vuccati. ‘‘Nivātenā’’ti iminā nīcamanatā nivātavuttitā, yāya nivātavuttitāya samannāgato puggalo nihatamāno, nihatadappo, pādapuñchanacoḷakasamo, bhinnavisāṇūsabhasamo, uddhaṭadāṭhasappasamo ca hutvā saṇho sakhilo sukhasambhāso <a name="M0.0124"></a> hoti. ‘‘Sucisallekhavuttinā’’ti iminā indriyasaṃvarapaccayasannissitaājīvapārisuddhisīlaṃ. ‘‘Vinayācārayuttenā’’ti iminā pātimokkhasaṃvarasīlaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Evamanekaguṇehi tassa abhitthavanaṃ yathāvuttaguṇasamannāgatassa sabrahmacārino ajjhesanaṃ na sakkā paṭibāhitunti paramagambhīrassāpi pātimokkhassa atthasaṃvaṇṇanāyaṃ pavattāti dassanatthaṃ. Kiñca – tādisassa ajjhesanaṃ nissāya kariyamānā atthasaṃvaṇṇanā tassa ajjhesanādhipaccena, mamañca ussāhasampattiyā na cirena pariyosānaṃ gacchatīti katanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ saṃvaṇṇanāya nimittaṃ dassetvā idāni tassavane sotujanassādaraṃ janetuṃ tappayojanakaraṇappakāranissayābhidhānādiṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘tatthā’’</span>tiādigāthādvayamāha. Tattha <span class="bld">tatthā</span>ti ‘‘yaṃ mahesinā pātimokkhaṃ pakāsita’’nti vuttaṃ, tasmiṃ pātimokkhe. <span class="bld">Sañjātakaṅkhāna</span>nti padapadatthavinicchayavasena sañjātakaṅkhānaṃ, samuppannasaṃsayānanti attho. <span class="bld">Kaṅkhāvitaraṇatthāyā</span>ti yathāvuttasaṃsayassa atikkamanatthāya. <span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti pātimokkhassa. Vaṇṇīyati attho kathīyati etāyāti <span class="bld">vaṇṇanā,</span> aṭṭhakathā, taṃ vaṇṇanaṃ. Imassa ca ‘‘vaṇṇayissāmī’’ti iminā sambandho. Kiṃbhūtanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘paripuṇṇavinicchaya’’</span>ntiādi. <span class="bld">Paripuṇṇavinicchaya</span>nti khandhakaparivārapadabhājanādivasena asādhāraṇavinicchayassa ca nidānādivasena sattarasappabhedassa ca sabbasikkhāpadasādhāraṇavinicchayassa pakāsanato sampuṇṇavinicchayaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mahāvihāravāsīna</span>nti mahāmeghavanuyyānabhūmibhāge patiṭṭhito vihāro <span class="bld">mahāvihāro,</span> yo satthuno mahābodhinā vibhūsito, tattha vasanti sīlenāti <span class="bld">mahāvihāravāsino,</span> tesaṃ mahāvihāravāsīnaṃ<a name="V0.0121"></a>. <span class="bld">Vācanāmagganissita</span>nti kathāmagganissitaṃ, aṭṭhakathānissitanti attho, mahāvihāravāsīnaṃ sīhaḷaṭṭhakathānayaṃ idha nissāyāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Vaṇṇayissāmī</span>ti pavattayissāmi. <span class="bld">Nāmenā</span>ti attano guṇanāmena. Kaṅkhāvitaranti etāyāti <span class="bld">kaṅkhāvitaraṇī,</span> taṃ kaṅkhāvitaraṇiṃ. <span class="bld">Subha</span>nti atthabyañjanasampannattā sundaraṃ, saddalakkhaṇasubhato, vinicchayasubhato, viññeyyasubhato ca subhaṃ parisuddhaṃ. Ettha ca ‘‘kaṅkhāvitaraṇatthāyā’’ti iminā payojanaṃ dasseti, puripuṇṇavinicchaya’’nti iminā <a name="M0.0125"></a> saṃvaṇṇanāppakāraṃ, ‘‘mahāvihāravāsīnaṃ vācanāmagganissita’’nti iminā saṃvaṇṇanāya nissayavisuddhiṃ nikāyantaraladdhisaṅkaradosavivajjanato, ‘‘vaṇṇayissāmī’’ti iminā attano ajjhāsayaṃ dassetīti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Vattayissāmī’’</span>tipi pāṭho.</p>
<p class="centered">Ganthārambhakathāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Nidānavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ ratanattayapaṇāmādisahitaṃ saññādikaṃ dassetvā idāni ‘‘pātimokkhassa vaṇṇanaṃ vaṇṇayissāmī’’ti vuttattā pātimokkhaṃ tāva vacanatthato, sarūpabhedato, ganthabhedato, uddesavibhāgato, uddesaparicchedato ca vavatthapetvā taduddesakkamenāyaṃ vaṇṇanā bhavissatīti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tattha pātimokkha’’</span>ntiādi āraddhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">tatthā</span>ti tasmiṃ gāthāpade. <span class="bld">Paatimokkha</span>nti pakārato ativiya sīlesu mukhabhūtaṃ. <span class="bld">Atipamokkha</span>nti tameva padaṃ upasaggabyattayena vadati. Atha vā <span class="bld">pa ati mokkha</span>nti padacchedo, tassa upasaggabyattayenatthamāha <span class="bld">‘‘atipamokkha’’</span>nti. Evaṃ pabhedato padavaṇṇanaṃ katvā saddatthato vadati <span class="bld">‘‘atiseṭṭhaṃ atiuttamanti attho’’</span>ti. Ettha ca sīlapātimokkhaṃ sabbaguṇānaṃ mūlabhāvato seṭṭhaṃ, ganthapātimokkhaṃ pana seṭṭhaguṇasahacaraṇato seṭṭhanti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Uttama</span>nti etthāpi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Itī</span>ti evaṃ. Iminā yathāvuttavacanatthaṃ nidasseti. Nidassanattho hi ayaṃ <span class="bld">iti</span>-saddo ‘‘sabbamatthīti kho, kaccāna, ayameko anto, sabbaṃ natthīti kho, kaccāna, ayaṃ dutiyo anto’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 2.15; 3.90) viya. <span class="bld">Iminā</span>ti āsannapaccakkhavacanaṃ iti-saddena anantaranidassitassa, paṭiggāhakehi ca sotaviññāṇādivīthiyā <a name="V0.0122"></a> paṭipannassa vacanatthassa vacanato. Atha vā <span class="bld">iminā</span>ti āsannapaccakkhabhāvakaraṇavacanaṃ yathāvuttassa vacanatthassa abhimukhīkaraṇato. <span class="bld">Vacanatthenā</span>ti ‘‘atiseṭṭha’’nti saddatthena. <span class="bld">Ekavidhampī</span>ti ekakoṭṭhāsampi. <span class="bld">Sīlaganthabhedato duvidhaṃ hotī</span>ti puna sīlaganthasaṅkhātena pabhedena duvidhaṃ hoti, sīlapātimokkhaṃ, ganthapātimokkhañcāti duvidhaṃ hotīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni <a name="M0.0126"></a> tadubhayassāpi sutte āgatabhāvaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tathā hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha pāti rakkhatīti <span class="bld">pāti,</span> taṃ mokkheti moceti āpāyikādīhi dukkhehīti <span class="bld">pātimokkhaṃ,</span> saṃvaraṇaṃ <span class="bld">saṃvaro,</span> kāyavācāhi avītikkamo, pātimokkhameva saṃvaro <span class="bld">pātimokkhasaṃvaro,</span> pātimokkhasaṃvarena saṃvuto samannāgato <span class="bld">pātimokkhasaṃvarasaṃvuto. Viharatī</span>ti vattati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ādimeta</span>nti etaṃ sikkhāpadasīlaṃ pubbuppattiatthena ādi. Vuttampi cetaṃ –</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Tasmātiha tvaṃ, uttiya, ādimeva visodhehi kusalesu dhammesu. Ko cādi kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ? Sīlañca suvisuddhaṃ, diṭṭhi ca ujukā’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.382).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā hi nagaravaḍḍhakī nagaraṃ māpetukāmo paṭhamaṃ nagaraṭṭhānaṃ sodheti, tato aparabhāge vīthicatukkasiṅghāṭakādiparicchedena vibhajitvā nagaraṃ māpeti, yathā vā pana rajako paṭhamaṃ tīhi khārehi vatthaṃ dhovitvā parisuddhe vatthe yadicchakaṃ raṅgajātaṃ upaneti, yathā vā pana cheko cittakāro rūpaṃ likhitukāmo āditova bhittiparikammaṃ karoti, tato aparabhāge rūpaṃ samuṭṭhāpeti, evameva yogāvacaro āditova sīlaṃ visodhetvā aparabhāge samathavipassanādayo dhamme sacchikaroti. Tasmā sīlaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ādī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Mukhameta’’</span>ntiādīni vuttatthāneva. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena ‘‘pātimokkhe ca saṃvaro’’tiādipāḷiṃ (dī. ni. 2.90; dha. pa. 185) saṅgaṇhāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sīla</span>nti cārittavārittavasena duvidhaṃ vinayapiṭakapariyāpannaṃ sikkhāpadasīlaṃ, dhammato pana sīlaṃ nāma pāṇātipātādīhi vā viramantassa, vattapaṭipattiṃ vā pūrentassa cetanādayo dhammā veditabbā. Vuttañhetaṃ <span class="bld">paṭisambhidāyaṃ</span> ‘‘kiṃ sīlanti cetanā sīlaṃ cetasikaṃ sīlaṃ saṃvaro sīlaṃ avītikkamo sīla’’nti (paṭi. ma. 1.39) <span class="bld">‘‘ubhayāni kho panassa pātimokkhānī’’</span>ti bhikkhubhikkhunīpātimokkhavasena ubhayāni pātimokkhāni, dve mātikāti attho. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti bhikkhunovādakassa<a name="V0.0123"></a>. <span class="bld">Vitthārenā</span>ti ubhatovibhaṅgena saddhiṃ. <span class="bld">Svāgatānī</span>ti suṭṭhu āgatāni. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena ‘‘pātimokkhaṃ uddiseyyā’’tiādipāḷiṃ (mahāva. 134) saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti tesu sīlaganthapātimokkhesu. <span class="bld">Yo</span>ti <a name="M0.0127"></a> aniyamaniddeso, yo koci puggalo. <span class="bld">Na</span>nti vinayapariyāpannasīlaṃ. <span class="bld">Rakkhatī</span>ti samādiyitvā avikopento pāleti. <span class="bld">Taṃ</span> ‘‘pātī’’ti laddhanāmaṃ pātimokkhasīle ṭhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Mocetī</span>ti sahakārikāraṇabhāvato mokkheti. Apāye jātaṃ <span class="bld">āpāyikaṃ,</span> dukkhaṃ, taṃ ādi yesaṃ tāni <span class="bld">āpāyikādīni</span>. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena tadaññaṃ sabbaṃ saṃsāradukkhaṃ saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Attānuvādādīhī</span>ti attānaṃ anuvādo <span class="bld">attānuvādo,</span> so ādi yesaṃ tāni <span class="bld">attānuvādādīni,</span> tehi attānuvādādīhi. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena parānuvādadaṇḍaduggatibhayāni saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Tassa pātimokkhassa jotakattā</span>ti tassa sīlapātimokkhassa dīpanattā. <span class="bld">Ādimhi pana vutto vacanattho</span>ti ‘‘atiseṭṭha’’ntiādinā ādimhi vutto vacanattho. <span class="bld">Ubhinnampi sādhāraṇo hoti</span> sīlapātimokkhaṃ sabbaguṇānaṃ mūlabhāvato seṭṭhaṃ, ganthapātimokkhaṃ seṭṭhaguṇasahacaraṇato seṭṭhanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti tesu sīlapātimokkhaganthapātimokkhesu. <span class="bld">‘‘Ayaṃ vaṇṇanā’’</span>ti vakkhamānavaṇṇanamāha. Ganthapātimokkhassa tāva yujjatu, kathaṃ sīlapātimokkhassa yujjatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ganthe hī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Hī</span>ti kāraṇatthe nipāto. <span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti ganthassa. <span class="bld">Attho</span>ti sīlaṃ. <span class="bld">Vaṇṇitova hotī</span>ti ganthavaṇṇanāmukhena atthasseva vaṇṇanato. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – yasmā ganthe vaṇṇite tadavinābhāvato tassattho vaṇṇito hoti, tasmā sīlapātimokkhassapi yujjatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ sarūpabhedato vavatthapetvā idāni ganthabhedato vavatthapetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘taṃ paneta’’</span>ntiādimāha. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti tesu bhikkhupātimokkhabhikkhunīpātimokkhesu dvīsu. Uddesā paricchijjanti yehi vakkhamānavacanappabandhehi, te <span class="bld">uddesaparicchedā,</span> tehi. <span class="bld">Vavatthita</span>nti asaṅkarato ṭhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ ganthabhedato vavatthapetvā idāni uddesavibhāgato vavatthapetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tatthā’’</span>tiādimāha. Uddisīyati sarūpena kathīyati ettha, etenāti vā <span class="bld">uddeso,</span> nidānassa uddesoti <span class="bld">nidānuddeso</span>. Evaṃ sesesupi. Vitthārova uddeso <span class="bld">vitthāruddeso</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni nidānuddesādīnaṃ paricchedadassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tattha nidānuddeso’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">tatthā</span>ti tesu pañcasu uddesesu. Nidānuddeso uddiṭṭho <a name="M0.0128"></a> hotīti sambandho. Yaṃ panettha nidānuddesaparicchedaṃ dassentena ‘‘suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho…pe… āvikatā hissa phāsu hotī’’ti <a name="V0.0124"></a> idhāgatanidānapāḷiṃ dassetvā tadanantaraṃ uddesakāle vattabbassāpi ‘‘uddiṭṭhaṃ kho āyasmanto nidāna’’nti imassa pāṭhassa yojanaṃ akatvā ‘‘tatthāyasmante pucchāmī’’tiādinā anusāvanādikameva yojetvā dassitaṃ, taṃ pana aparipuṇṇanidānapāḷidassanapubbakanidānuddesaparicchedadassanatthaṃ, khuddakapeyyālavasena vā pākaṭattā tassa ayojanaṃ katanti veditabbaṃ, uddesakāle pana yojetvāva vattabbaṃ. Vakkhati hi ‘‘taṃ panetaṃ pārājikādīnaṃ avasāne dissati, na nidānāvasāne. Kiñcāpi na dissati, atha kho uddesakāle ‘āvikatā hissa phāsu hotī’ti vatvā ‘uddiṭṭhaṃ kho āyasmanto nidānaṃ, tatthāyasmante pucchāmī’tiādinā nayena vattabbamevā’’tiādi. <span class="bld">Avasese sutena sāvite</span>ti avasiṭṭhaṃ pārājikuddesādicatukkaṃ ‘‘sutā kho panāyasmantehi cattāro pārājikā dhammā…pe… avivadamānehi sikkhitabba’’nti evaṃ sutavasena sāvite.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Eteneva nayena sesā tayo pātimokkhuddesaparicchedā veditabbāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pārājikuddesādīna’’</span>ntiādimāha. Pārājikuddesādīnaṃ paricchedā yojetabbāti sambandho. <span class="bld">Nidānassa ādito paṭṭhāya pārājikādīni osāpetvā</span>ti nidānaṃ, pārājikañca, tadubhayaṃ saṅghādisesañca, taṃtikaṃ aniyatañcāti evaṃ yathākkamaṃ uddisitvā pārājikādīni pariyosāpetvā. <span class="bld">Yojetabbā</span>ti ‘‘avasese sutena sāvite uddiṭṭho hoti pārājikuddeso’’tiādinā yojetabbā. <span class="bld">Avasesaṃ sutena sāvetabbanti vacanato</span>ti uposathakkhandhake –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Pañcime, bhikkhave, pātimokkhuddesā nidānaṃ uddisitvā avasesaṃ sutena sāvetabbaṃ, ayaṃ paṭhamo pātimokkhuddeso. Nidānaṃ uddisitvā cattāri pārājikāni uddisitvā avasesaṃ sutena sāvetabbaṃ, ayaṃ dutiyo pātimokkhuddeso’’tiādīsu (mahāva. 150) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Evaṃ vuttattā. <span class="bld">Yasmiṃ vippakate</span>ti yasmiṃ uddese apariyosite. <span class="bld">Antarāyo uppajjatī</span>ti dasasu antarāyesu yo koci antarāyo uppajjati<a name="M0.0129"></a>. Dasa antarāyā nāma – rājantarāyo, corantarāyo, agyantarāyo, udakantarāyo, manussantarāyo, amanussantarāyo, vāḷantarāyo, sarīsapantarāyo, jīvitantarāyo, brahmacariyantarāyoti. Tattha sace bhikkhūsu ‘‘uposathaṃ karissāmā’’ti (mahāva. aṭṭha. 150) nisinnesu rājā āgacchati, ayaṃ <span class="bld">rājantarāyo</span>. Corā āgacchanti, ayaṃ <span class="bld">corantarāyo</span>. Davadāho vā āgacchati, āvāse vā aggi uṭṭhahati, ayaṃ <a name="V0.0125"></a> <span class="bld">agyantarāyo</span>. Megho vā uṭṭhahati, ogho vā āgacchati, ayaṃ <span class="bld">udakantarāyo</span>. Bahū manussā āgacchanti, ayaṃ <span class="bld">manussantarāyo</span>. Bhikkhuṃ yakkho gaṇhāti, ayaṃ <span class="bld">amanussantarāyo</span>. Byagghādayo caṇḍamigā āgacchanti, ayaṃ <span class="bld">vāḷantarāyo</span>. Bhikkhuṃ sappādayo ḍaṃsanti, ayaṃ <span class="bld">sarīsapantarāyo</span>. Bhikkhu gilāno vā hoti, kālaṃ vā karoti, verino vā taṃ māretukāmā gaṇhanti, ayaṃ <span class="bld">jīvitantarāyo</span>. Manussā <span class="bld">ekaṃ</span> vā bahū vā bhikkhū brahmacariyā cāvetukāmā gaṇhanti, ayaṃ <span class="bld">brahmacariyantarāyo</span>. Iti yaṃ vuttaṃ ‘‘antarāyo uppajjatīti dasasu antarāyesu yo koci antarāyo uppajjatī’’ti, tassattho pakāsito hotīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tena saddhi</span>nti vippakatuddesena saddhiṃ. <span class="bld">Avasesaṃ sutena sāvetabbaṃ</span> uddiṭṭhauddesāpekkhattā avasesavacanassa. Yathāha ‘‘nidānaṃ uddisitvā’’tiādi (mahāva. 150). Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘nidānuddese panā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Sutena sāvetabbaṃ nāma natthi</span> uposathassa antarāyova hotīti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Aniyatuddeso parihāyatī</span>ti bhikkhunīnaṃ aniyatasikkhāpadapaññattiyā abhāvato. Tadabhāvo ca ‘‘idameva lakkhaṇaṃ tatthāpi anugata’’nti katvāti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Sesa</span>nti avasesuddesaparicchedadassanaṃ. Etesaṃ dvinnaṃ pātimokkhānanti sambandho. <span class="bld">Tāvā</span>ti paṭhamaṃ. <span class="bld">Ida</span>nti idāni vattabbaṃ buddhiyaṃ viparivattamānaṃ sāmaññena dasseti, idaṃ akkharapadaniyamitaganthitaṃ vacanaṃ <span class="bld">vuccati</span> kathīyatīti attho. Kiṃ tanti āha, <span class="bld">‘‘suṇātu metiādīna’’</span>ntiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">suṇātu metiādīna</span>nti ‘‘suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho ajjuposatho’’tiādīnaṃ bhikkhupātimokkhe āgatānaṃ suttapadānaṃ. <span class="bld">Atthanicchaya</span>nti <a name="M0.0130"></a> abhidheyyatthassa ceva adhippāyatthassa ca nicchayanaṃ, vavatthāpananti attho. Imāya hi aṭṭhakathāya tesaṃ abhidheyyattho ceva adhippāyattho ca anekadhā vavatthāpīyati. Atha vā nicchinnoti <span class="bld">nicchayo</span>. Gaṇṭhiṭṭhānesu khīlamaddanākārena pavattā vimaticchedakathā, attho ca nicchayo ca <span class="bld">atthanicchayo,</span> taṃ atthanicchayaṃ, mayā vuccamānaṃ atthañca vinicchayañcāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Sīlasampannā</span>ti samantato pannaṃ pattaṃ puṇṇanti <span class="bld">sampannaṃ,</span> sīlaṃ sampannametesanti <span class="bld">sīlasampannā,</span> paripuṇṇasīlāti attho. Atha vā sammadeva pannā gatā upāgatāti <span class="bld">sampannā,</span> sīlena sampannā <span class="bld">sīlasampannā,</span> pātimokkhasaṃvarena upetāti attho. Adhisīlaadhicittaadhipaññāsaṅkhātā tissopi sikkhitabbaṭṭhena <span class="bld">sikkhā, taṃ</span> kāmentīti <span class="bld">sikkhākāmā. Suṇantu me</span>ti te sabbepi bhikkhavo mama santikā nisāmentu. Iminā attano saṃvaṇṇanāya sakkaccaṃ savane niyojeti. Sakkaccasavanapaṭibaddhā hi sabbāpi sāsanasampattīti. Ettha ca sīlasampannānaṃ sikkhākāmānaṃyeva bhikkhūnaṃ gahaṇaṃ tadaññesaṃ <a name="V0.0126"></a> imissā saṃvaṇṇanāya abhājanabhāvato. Na hi te vinayaṃ sotabbaṃ, paṭipajjitabbañca maññissanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti etasmiṃ gāthāpade, etesaṃ vā gāthāya saṅgahitānaṃ ‘‘suṇātu me’’tiādīnaṃ padānamantare. Savane āṇattivacanaṃ <span class="bld">savanāṇattivacanaṃ</span>. Kiñcāpi savanāṇattivacanaṃ, tathāpi pātimokkhuddesakena evaṃ vattabbanti bhagavatā vuttattā bhagavato āṇatti, na uddesakassāti navakatarenāpi idaṃ vattuṃ vaṭṭati saṅghagāravena, saṅghabahumānena ca sahitattā <span class="bld">sagāravasappatissavacanaṃ</span>. Saṅgho hi suppaṭipannatādiguṇavisesayuttattā uttamaṃ gāravappatissavaṭṭhānaṃ. Idañca sabbaṃ kena kattha kadā vuttanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbameva ceta’’</span>ntiādi. <span class="bld">Pātimokkhuddesaṃ anujānantenā</span>ti –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pātimokkhaṃ uddisituṃ, evañca pana, bhikkhave, uddisitabbaṃ, byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo ‘suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho’’’ti (mahāva. 133-134) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Evamādinā <a name="M0.0131"></a> anujānantena. <span class="bld">Rājagahe</span>ti evaṃnāmake nagare. Tañhi mandhātumahāgovindādīhi pariggahitattā ‘‘rājagaha’’nti vuccati. Taṃ panetaṃ buddhakāle, cakkavattikāle ca nagaraṃ hoti, sesakāle suññaṃ hoti yakkhapariggahitaṃ, tesaṃ vasanaṭṭhānaṃ hutvā tiṭṭhati. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā idaṃ pātimokkhuddesakena vattabbavacanaṃ, tasmā. Kiṃ te ubhopi pātimokkhaṃ uddisanti, yenevaṃ vattabbanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘saṅghatthero vā hī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Therādhika</span>nti therādhīnaṃ, therāyattaṃ bhavitunti attho. <span class="bld">‘‘Therādheyya’’</span>nti vā pāṭho, soyevattho. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti tissaṃ parisāyaṃ. <span class="bld">Byatto</span>ti paññāveyyattiyena samannāgato, paguṇamātikoti attho. <span class="bld">Paṭibalo</span>ti vattuṃ samattho, abhītoti vuttaṃ hoti. Ettha ca kiñcāpi daharassāpi byattassa pātimokkho anuññāto, atha kho etthāyaṃ adhippāyo – sace therassa pañca vā cattāro vā tayo vā pātimokkhuddesā nāgacchanti, dve pana akkhaṇḍā suvisadā vācuggatā honti, therāyattova pātimokkho. Sace pana ettakampi visadaṃ kātuṃ na sakkoti, byattassa bhikkhuno āyattoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni ‘‘saṅgho’’ti avisesena vuttattā idhādhippetasaṅghaṃ visesetvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘saṅghoti iminā pana padenā’’</span>tiādimāha <span class="bld">kiñcāpī</span>ti anuggahatthe nipāto, tassa yadi nāmāti attho veditabbo. Dakkhanti etāya sattā yathādhippetāhi sampattīhi vaḍḍhantīti <span class="bld">dakkhiṇā,</span> paralokaṃ saddahitvā <a name="V0.0127"></a> dātabbaṃ dānaṃ, taṃ dakkhiṇaṃ arahati, dakkhiṇāya vā hito, yasmā naṃ mahapphalakāritāya visodhetīti <span class="bld">dakkhiṇeyyo,</span> diṭṭhisīlasaṅghātena saṃhatoti <span class="bld">saṅgho,</span> dakkhiṇeyyo ca so saṅgho cāti <span class="bld">dakkhiṇeyyasaṅgho</span>. Sammutiyā catuvaggādivinayapaññattiyā siddho saṅgho <span class="bld">sammutisaṅgho. Avisesenā</span>ti ‘‘ariyā’’ti vā ‘‘puthujjanā’’ti vā avisesetvā sāmaññena. <span class="bld">So</span>ti sammutisaṅgho. <span class="bld">Idhā</span>ti imissaṃ uposathañattiyaṃ. <span class="bld">Adhippeto</span> uposathañattiyā avisesattā. Nanu ca sopi pañcavidho hoti, tattha katamo idhādhippetoti anuyogaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘so panesā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Kammavasenā</span>ti vinayakammavasena. Pañca vidhā pakārā assa sammutisaṅghassāti <span class="bld">pañcavidho</span>. Tathā hi vidhayuttagatappakārasadde samānatthe vaṇṇayanti. Catunnaṃ <a name="M0.0132"></a> vaggo samūhoti <span class="bld">catuvaggo,</span> catuparimāṇayutto vā vaggo <span class="bld">catuvaggo</span>. Evaṃ <span class="bld">pañcavaggā</span>di.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni yesaṃ kammānaṃ vasenāyaṃ pañcavidho hoti, taṃ visesetvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tatthā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">tatthā</span>ti pañcavidhe saṅghe. Majjhimesu janapadesu upasampadakammassa dasavaggakaraṇīyattā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ṭhapetvā…pe… upasampadañcā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">‘‘Tathā’’</span>ti iminā ‘‘na kiñci saṅghakammaṃ kātuṃ na vaṭṭatī’’ti imamatthaṃ atidisati. Yadi evaṃ kimatthaṃ atirekavīsativaggo vuttoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘so panā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Atirekatarenā</span>ti catuvaggādikaraṇīyaṃ pañcavaggādinā atirekatarena, dasavaggakaraṇīyañca ekādasavaggādinā atirekatarena. <span class="bld">Dassanattha</span>nti ñāpanatthaṃ. Idameva cānena kattabbaṃ kammanti ‘‘kammavasena pañcavidho’’ti vuttaṃ. Kammassāniyame kathametaṃ yujjeyyāti īdisī codanā anavakāsāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Imasmiṃ panatthe</span>ti uposathe.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uposatha</span>saddo panāyaṃ pātimokkhuddesasīlaupavāsapaññattidivasesu vattati. Tathā hesa ‘‘āyāmāvuso kappina, uposathaṃ gamissāmā’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 1.150; ma. ni. aṭṭha. 3.85) timokkhuddese āgato, ‘‘evaṃ aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgato kho, visākhe, uposatho upavuttho’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 8.43) sīle, ‘‘suddhassa ve sadā phaggu, suddhassuposatho sadā’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.79) upavāse, ‘‘uposatho nāma nāgarājā’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 2.246) paññattiyaṃ, ‘‘na, bhikkhave, tadahuposathe sabhikkhukā āvāsā’’tiādīsu (mahāva. 181) divase, idhāpi divaseyeva vattamāno adhippetoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ajja uposathadivaso’’</span>tiādi. Upavasanti etthāti <span class="bld">uposatho</span>. <span class="bld">Upavasantī</span>ti sīlena vā sabbaso āhārassa abhuñjanasaṅkhātena anasanena vā khīrapānamadhupānādimattena vā upetā hutvā vasantīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sabbesampi <a name="V0.0128"></a> vākyānaṃ <span class="bld">eva</span>-kāratthasahitattā ‘‘uposatho’’ti etassa ‘‘uposatho evā’’ti ayamattho labbhatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘etena anuposathadivasaṃ paṭikkhipatī’’</span>ti. Iminā avadhāraṇena nirākataṃ dasseti, atha vā saddantaratthāpohanavasena saddo atthaṃ vadatīti ‘‘uposatho’’ti etassa ‘‘anuposatho na hotī’’ti ayamatthoti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘etena anuposathadivasaṃ paṭikkhipatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">‘‘Esa nayo pannaraso’’</span>ti iminā <span class="bld">aññaṃ uposathadivasaṃ</span> <a name="M0.0133"></a> <span class="bld">paṭikkhipatī</span>ti etthāpi. <span class="bld">Etenā</span>ti ‘‘uposatho’’ti etena saddena. Pañcadasannaṃ tithīnaṃ pūraṇavasena <span class="bld">pannaraso</span>. Pannarasoti iminā aññaṃ uposathadivasaṃ paṭikkhipatī’’ti saṃkhittena vuttamatthaṃ vitthārato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘divasavasena hī’’</span>tiādimāha. Catuddasiyaṃ niyutto <span class="bld">cātuddasiko</span>. Evaṃ <span class="bld">pannarasiko. Sāmaggiuposatho</span> nāma saṅghasāmaggikatadivase kātabbauposatho. <span class="bld">Hemantagimhavassānānaṃ tiṇṇaṃ utūna</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">hemantautu</span> nāma aparakattikassa kāḷapakkhapāṭipadato paṭṭhāya phaggunapuṇṇamapariyosānā cattāro māsā, <span class="bld">gimhautu</span> nāma phaggunassa kālapakkhapāṭipadato paṭṭhāya āsāḷhapuṇṇamapariyosānā cattāro māsā, <span class="bld">vassānautu</span> nāma āsāḷhassa kāḷapakkhapāṭipadato paṭṭhāya aparakattikapuṇṇamapariyosānā cattāro māsā. <span class="bld">Tatiyasattamapakkhesu dve dve katvā cha cātuddasikā</span>ti hemantassa utuno tatiye ca sattame ca pakkhe dve cātuddasikā, evamitaresaṃ utūnanti cha cātuddasikā. <span class="bld">Sesā pannarasikā</span>ti sesā aṭṭhārasa pannarasikā. Honti cettha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Kattikassa ca kāḷamhā, yāva phaggunapuṇṇamā;</p>
<p class="gathalast"><span class="bld">‘Hemantakālo’</span>ti viññeyyo, aṭṭha honti uposathā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Phaggunassa ca kāḷamhā, yāva āsāḷhapuṇṇamā;</p>
<p class="gathalast"><span class="bld">‘Gimhakālo’</span>ti viññeyyo, aṭṭha honti uposathā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Āsāḷhassa ca kāḷamhā, yāva kattikapuṇṇamā;</p>
<p class="gathalast"><span class="bld">‘Vassakālo’</span>ti viññeyyo, aṭṭha honti uposathā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Utūnaṃ pana tiṇṇannaṃ, pakkhe tatiyasattame;</p>
<p class="gathalast"><span class="bld">‘Cātuddaso’</span>ti pātimokkhaṃ, uddisanti nayaññuno’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pakatiyā nabahutarāvāsikādipaccayena kātabbaṃ <span class="bld">pakaticārittaṃ</span>. Bahutarāvāsikādipaccaye pana sati aññasmiṃ cātuddasepi kātuṃ vaṭṭati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘saki’’</span>ntiādi. <span class="bld">Saki</span>nti ekasmiṃ vāre<a name="V0.0129"></a>. <span class="bld">Āvāsikānaṃ anuvattitabba</span>nti āvāsikehi ‘‘ajjuposatho cātuddaso’’ti pubbakicce kariyamāne anuvattitabbaṃ, na paṭikkositabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena ‘‘āvāsikehi āgantukānaṃ anuvattitabba’’nti (mahāva. 178) vacanaṃ, ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tehi <a name="M0.0134"></a> bhikkhūhi dve tayo uposathe cātuddasike kātuṃ, kathaṃ mayaṃ tehi bhikkhūhi paṭhamataraṃ pavāreyyāmā’’ti (mahāva. 240) vacanañca saṅgaṇhāti. Ettha ca paṭhamasuttassa ekekassa utuno tatiyasattamapakkhassa cātuddase vā avasesassa pannarase vā sakiṃ pātimokkhaṃ uddisitabbanti pakaticārittavasenapi atthasambhavato ‘‘āgantukehī’’tiādīni suttāni dassitānīti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Tathārūpapaccaye satī</span>ti aññasmimpi cātuddasike uposathaṃ kātuṃ anurūpe ‘‘āvāsikā bahutarā hontī’’ti evamādike paccaye sati. <span class="bld">Aññasmimpi cātuddase</span>ti tiṇṇaṃ utūnaṃ tatiyasattamapakkhacātuddasato aññasmiṃ cātuddase.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Na kevalaṃ uposathadivasāva hontīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘purimavassaṃvuṭṭhānaṃ panā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Mā</span> iti cando vuccati tassa gatiyā divasassa minitabbato, so ettha sabbakalāpāripūriyā puṇṇoti <span class="bld">puṇṇamā,</span> pubbakattikāya puṇṇamā <span class="bld">pubbakattikapuṇṇamā,</span> assayujapuṇṇamā. Sā hi pacchimakattikaṃ nivattetuṃ evaṃ vuttā. <span class="bld">Tesaṃyevā</span>ti purimavassaṃvuṭṭhānaṃyeva. <span class="bld">Bhaṇḍanakārakehī</span>ti kalahakārakehi. <span class="bld">Paccukkaḍḍhantī</span>ti ukkaḍḍhanti. Bhaṇḍanakārakehi anuvādavasena assayujapuṇṇamādiṃ pariccajantā pavāraṇaṃ kāḷapakkhaṃ, juṇhapakkhanti uddhaṃ kaḍḍhantīti attho. ‘‘Suṇantu me āyasmanto āvāsikā, yadāyasmantānaṃ pattakallaṃ, idāni uposathaṃ kareyyāma, pātimokkhaṃ uddiseyyāma, āgame kāḷe pavāreyyāmā’’ti (mahāva. 240) ‘‘suṇantu me āyasmanto āvāsikā, yadāyasmantānaṃ pattakallaṃ, idāni uposathaṃ kareyyāma, pātimokkhaṃ uddiseyyāma, āgame juṇhe pavāreyyāmā’’ti ca evaṃ ñattiyā pavāraṇaṃ ukkaḍḍhantīti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Athā</span>ti anantaratthe nipāto. Catuddasannaṃ pūraṇo <span class="bld">cātuddaso,</span> divaso. Yaṃ sandhāya ‘‘āgame juṇhe pavāreyyāmā’’ti ñattiṃ ṭhapayiṃsu, tasmiṃ pana āgame juṇhe komudiyā cātumāsiniyā avassaṃ pavāretabbaṃ. Na hi taṃ atikkamitvā pavāretuṃ labbhati. Vuttañhetaṃ –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Te ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhū bhaṇḍanakārakā kalahakārakā vivādakārakā bhassakārakā saṅghe adhikaraṇakārakā tampi juṇhaṃ anuvaseyyuṃ, tehi, bhikkhave, bhikkhūhi sabbeheva <a name="V0.0130"></a> āgame <a name="M0.0135"></a> juṇhe komudiyā cātumāsiniyā akāmā pavāretabba’’nti (mahāva. 240).</p>
<p class="unindented">Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘pacchimavassaṃvuṭṭhānañca pacchimakattikapuṇṇamā evā’’</span>ti. Yadi hi taṃ atikkamitvā pavāreyya, dukkaṭāpattiṃ āpajjeyya. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘na ca, bhikkhave, apavāraṇāya pavāretabbaṃ aññatra saṅghasāmaggiyā’’ti (mahāva. 233). Visuddhipavāraṇāyogato <span class="bld">pavāraṇādivasā</span>. <span class="bld">Pi</span>saddena na kevalaṃ pavāraṇādivasāyeva, atha kho uposathadivasāpi hontīti dasseti. Idāni yo so sāmaggiuposathadivaso vutto, tañca tappasaṅgena sāmaggipavāraṇādivasañca dassento <span class="bld">‘‘yadā panā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Osārite tasmiṃ bhikkhusmi</span>nti ukkhittake bhikkhusmiṃ osārite, taṃ gahetvā sīmaṃ gantvā āpattiṃ desāpetvā kammavācāya kammappaṭippassaddhivasena pavesiteti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Tassa vatthussā</span>ti tassa adhikaraṇassa. Tadā ṭhapetvā…pe… uposathadivaso nāma hotīti sambandho. Kiṃ kāraṇanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tāvadevā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">tāvadevā</span>ti taṃ divasameva. <span class="bld">Vacanato</span>ti <span class="bld">kosambakakkhandhake</span> (mahāva. 475) vuttattā. Yattha pana pattacīvarādīnaṃ atthāya appamattakena kāraṇena vivadantā uposathaṃ vā pavāraṇaṃ vā ṭhapenti, tattha tasmiṃ adhikaraṇe vinicchite ‘‘samaggā jātamhā’’ti antarā sāmaggiuposathaṃ kātuṃ na labhanti. Karontehi anuposathe uposatho kato nāma hoti. <span class="bld">Kattikamāsabbhantare</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">kattikamāso</span> nāma pubbakattikamāsassa kāḷapakkhapāṭipadato paṭṭhāya yāva aparakattikapuṇṇamā, tāva ekūnatiṃsarattidivo, tassabbhantare, tato pacchā vā pana pure vā na vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Ayameva</span> yo koci divasoyeva. Idhāpi <span class="bld">kosambakakkhandhake</span> sāmaggiyā sadisāva sāmaggī veditabbā. Ye pana kismiñcideva appamattake pavāraṇaṃ ṭhapetvā samaggā honti, tehi pavāraṇāyameva pavāraṇā kātabbā, tāvadeva na kātabbā. Karontehi appavāraṇāya pavāraṇā katā hoti. <span class="bld">Na kātabboyevā</span>ti niyamena yadi karoti, dukkaṭanti dasseti. Tattha hi uposathakaraṇe dukkaṭaṃ. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘na, bhikkhave, anuposathe uposatho kātabbo aññatra saṅghasāmaggiyā’’ti (mahāva. 183).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Pattakālameva</span> <a name="M0.0136"></a> <span class="bld">pattakalla’’</span>nti iminā sakatthe bhāvappaccayoti dasseti. <span class="bld">Nāsatī</span>ti anvayato vuttameva byatirekato daḷhaṃ karoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anurūpā</span>ti arahā anucchavikā, sāminoti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Sabbantimenā</span>ti sabbaheṭṭhimena cattāro, na tehi vinā taṃ uposathakammaṃ karīyati, na tesaṃ chando vā pārisuddhi vā eti. Avasesā <a name="V0.0131"></a> pana sacepi sahassamattā honti, sace samānasaṃvāsakā, sabbe chandārahāva honti, chandapārisuddhiṃ datvā āgacchantu vā, mā vā, kammaṃ na kuppati. <span class="bld">Pakatattā</span>ti anukkhittā, pārājikaṃ anajjhāpannā ca. <span class="bld">Hatthapāso</span> nāma diyaḍḍhahatthappamāṇo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sīmā ca nāmesā katamā, yattha hatthapāsaṃ avijahitvā ṭhitā kammappattā nāma hontīti anuyogaṃ sandhāya sīmaṃ dassento vibhāgavantānaṃ sabhāvavibhāvanaṃ vibhāgadassanamukheneva hotīti <span class="bld">‘‘sīmā ca nāmesā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Sambhindantenā</span>ti missīkarontena. <span class="bld">Ajjhottharantenā</span>ti maddantena, anto karontenāti vuttaṃ hoti. Imā vipattisīmāyo nāmāti sambandho. Kasmā vipattisīmāyo nāmāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ekādasahī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Ākārehī</span>ti kāraṇehi. <span class="bld">Vacanato</span>ti kammavagge (pari. 482 ādayo) kathitattā. Saṅghakammaṃ nāmetaṃ vīsativaggakaraṇīyaparamanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yattha ekavīsati bhikkhū nisīdituṃ na sakkontī’’</span>ti. Yassaṃ sīmāyaṃ heṭṭhimaparicchedena kammārahena saddhiṃ ekavīsati bhikkhū parimaṇḍalākārena nisīdituṃ na sakkonti, ayaṃ <span class="bld">atikhuddakā nāmā</span>ti attho. Evarūpā ca sīmā sammatāpi asammatā, gāmakhettasadisāva hoti, tattha kataṃ kammaṃ kuppati. Esa nayo sesasīmāsupi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sammatā</span>ti baddhā, vācitakammavācāti attho. Kammavācāya vācanameva hi bandhanaṃ nāma. Nimittaṃ na upagacchatīti <span class="bld">animittupago,</span> taṃ animittupagaṃ, animittārahanti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Tacasārarukkho</span> nāma tālanāḷikerādikā. <span class="bld">Paṃsupuñjavālukāpuñjāna</span>nti paṃsurāsivālukārāsīnaṃ majjhe. Niddhāraṇe cetaṃ sāmivacanaṃ. Potthakesu pana katthaci ‘‘paṃsupuñjaṃ vā vālukāpuñjaṃ vā aññatara’’nti pāṭho dissati, so pana apāṭho. Na hi so ‘‘aññatara’’nti iminā yujjatīti. <span class="bld">Antarā</span>ti nimittupaganimittānamantarā. Ettha <a name="M0.0137"></a> ca yā tīhi nimittehi bajjhamānā animittupagesu tacasārarukkhādīsu aññataraṃ antarā ekaṃ nimittaṃ katvā sammatā, sā <span class="bld">khaṇḍanimittā</span> nāma hoti. Yā pana catupañcanimittādīhi bajjhamānā imesu tacasārarukkhādīsu aññataraṃ antarā ekaṃ nimittaṃ katvā sammatā, sā <span class="bld">khaṇḍanimittā</span> nāma na hotīti viññāyati nimittupagānaṃ nimittānaṃ tiṇṇaṃ sabbhāvato. Aṭṭhakathāsu pana avisesena vuttaṃ, tasmā upaparikkhitvā gahetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbena sabba</span>nti sabbappakārena. <span class="bld">Nimittānaṃ bahi ṭhitena sammatā</span>ti tesaṃ bahi ṭhitena vācitakammavācā. Nimittāni pana anto ca bahi ca ṭhatvā kittetuṃ vaṭṭanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evaṃ sammatāpī</span>ti nimittāni kittetvā kammavācāya sammatāpi. Imassa ‘‘asammatāva hotī’’ti <a name="V0.0132"></a> iminā sambandho. <span class="bld">Sabbā, bhikkhave, nadī asīmā</span>ti yā kāci nadīlakkhaṇappattā nadī nimittāni kittetvā ‘‘etaṃ baddhasīmaṃ karomā’’ti katāpi asīmā, baddhasīmā na hotīti attho. Attano sabhāvena pana sā baddhasīmāsadisā. Sabbattha saṅghakammaṃ kātuṃ vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Samuddajātassaresu</span>pi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">‘‘Saṃsaṭṭhaviṭapā’’</span>ti iminā aññamaññassa āsannataṃ dīpeti. <span class="bld">Baddhā hotī</span>ti pacchimadisābhāge sīmaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Tassā padesa</span>nti tassā ekadesaṃ. Yattha ṭhatvā bhikkhūhi kammaṃ kātuṃ sakkā hoti, tādisaṃ ekadesanti vuttaṃ hoti. Yattha pana ṭhitehi kammaṃ kātuṃ na sakkā, tādisaṃ padesaṃ anto karitvā bandhantā <span class="bld">sīmāya sīmaṃ sambhindanti</span> nāma, na tu ajjhottharanti nāmāti gahetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Gaṇṭhipadesu</span> pana <span class="bld">‘‘sambhindanaṃ</span> paresaṃ sīmāya ekaṃ vā dve vā nimitte kittetvā lekhāmattaṃ gahetvā bandhanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ajjhottharaṇaṃ</span> nāma paresaṃ sīmāya nimitte kittetvā taṃ sakalaṃ vā tassekadesaṃ vā anto karontena tassā bahi ekissaṃ dvīsu vā disāsu nimitte kittetvā bandhana’’nti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pabbatādīnaṃ nimittānaṃ sampadā <span class="bld">nimittasampatti</span>. Pabbatova nimittaṃ <span class="bld">pabbatanimittaṃ</span>. Evaṃ sesesupi. <span class="bld">Evaṃ vuttesū</span>ti <span class="bld">uposathakkhandhake</span> (mahāva. 138 ādayo) sīmāsammutiyaṃ vuttesu. Imehi ca pana aṭṭhahi nimittehi asammissehipi aññamaññamissehipi sīmaṃ sammannituṃ vaṭṭati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tasmiṃ tasmiṃ disābhāge yathāladdhāni nimittupagāni nimittānī’’</span>ti. Ekena, pana dvīhi vā nimittehi sammannituṃ <a name="M0.0138"></a> na vaṭṭati, tīṇi pana ādiṃ katvā vuttappakārānaṃ nimittānaṃ satenāpi vaṭṭati. ‘‘Puratthimāya disāya kiṃ nimitta’’nti vinayadharena pucchitabbaṃ, ‘‘pabbato, bhante’’ti vutte puna vinayadhareneva ‘‘eso pabbato nimitta’’nti evaṃ nimittaṃ kittetabbaṃ. ‘‘Etaṃ pabbataṃ nimittaṃ karoma, nimittaṃ karissāma, nimittaṃ kato, nimittaṃ hotu, hoti bhavissatī’’ti evaṃ pana kittetuṃ na vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Pāsāṇā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘puratthimāya disāya kiṃ nimitta’’</span>ntiādi. ‘‘Pabbato, bhante, udakaṃ, bhante’’ti evaṃ pana upasampanno vā ācikkhatu, anupasampanno vā, vaṭṭatiyeva. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena ‘‘puratthimāya anudisāya kiṃ nimittaṃ? Pāsāṇo, bhante, eso pāsāṇo nimittaṃ. Dakkhiṇāya disāya, dakkhiṇāya anudisāya, pacchimāya disāya, pacchimāya anudisāya, uttarāya disāya, uttarāya anudisāya kiṃ nimittaṃ? Udakaṃ, bhante, etaṃ udakaṃ nimitta’’nti idaṃ saṅgaṇhāti. Ettha pana aṭṭhatvā puna ‘‘puratthimāya disāya kiṃ nimittaṃ? Pabbato, bhante, eso pabbato nimitta’’nti evaṃ paṭhamaṃ kittitanimittaṃ kittetvāva ṭhapetabbaṃ. Evañhi nimittena nimittaṃ ghaṭitaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Sammā kittetvā</span>ti aññamaññanāmavipariyāyena, animittānaṃ nāmena ca akittetvā yathāvutteneva nayena kittetvā. <span class="bld">Sammatā</span>ti ‘‘suṇātu me, bhante’’tiādinā nayena <span class="bld">uposathakkhandhake</span> (mahāva. 139 ādayo) <a name="V0.0133"></a> vuttāya parisuddhāya ñattidutiyakammavācāya baddhā. Tattha nimittāni sakiṃ kittitānipi kittitāneva honti. <span class="bld">Andhakaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> pana tikkhattuṃ sīmamaṇḍalaṃ sambandhantena nimittaṃ kittetabba’’nti (mahāva. aṭṭha. 138) vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tatrā</span>ti tesu aṭṭhasu nimittesu. <span class="bld">Nimittupagatā</span>ti nimittayogyatā. <span class="bld">‘‘Hatthippamāṇato paṭṭhāyā’’</span>ti vacanato hatthippamāṇopi nimittupagoyeva. Hatthī pana sattaratano vā aḍḍhaṭṭharatano (sārattha. ṭī. mahāvagga 3.138) vā. <span class="bld">Tato omakataro</span>ti tato hatthippamāṇato khuddakataro. Sace catūsu disāsu cattāro vā tīsu vā tayo pabbatā honti, catūhi, tīhi vā pabbatanimitteheva sammannitumpi vaṭṭati, dvīhi pana nimittehi, ekena vā sammannituṃ na vaṭṭati. Ito paresu pāsāṇanimittādīsupi eseva nayo. Tasmā pabbatanimittaṃ karontena pucchitabbaṃ ‘‘ekābaddho, na ekābaddho’’ti. Sace <a name="M0.0139"></a> ekābaddho hoti, na kātabbo. Tañhi catūsu vā aṭṭhasu vā disāsu kittentenāpi ekameva nimittaṃ kittitaṃ hoti. Tasmā yo evaṃ cakkasaṇṭhānena vihāraṃ parikkhipitvā ṭhito pabbato, taṃ ekadisāya kittetvā aññāsu disāsu taṃ bahiddhā katvā anto aññāni nimittāni kittetabbāni. Sace pabbatassa tatiyabhāgaṃ vā upaḍḍhaṃ vā antosīmāya kattukāmā honti, pabbataṃ akittetvā yattakaṃ padesaṃ anto kattukāmā, tassa parato tasmiṃyeva pabbate jātarukkhavammikādīsu aññataraṃ nimittaṃ kittetabbaṃ. Sace yojanadviyojanappamāṇaṃ sabbaṃ pabbataṃ anto kattukāmā honti, pabbatassa parato bhūmiyaṃ jātarukkhavammikādīni nimittāni kittetabbāni (mahāva. aṭṭha. 138; vi. saṅga. aṭṭha. 158).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saṅkhaṃ gacchatī</span>ti gaṇanaṃ vohāraṃ gacchatīti attho. <span class="bld">Dvattiṃsapalaguḷapiṇḍaparimāṇo</span>ti thūlatāya, na tulagaṇanāya. Tattha <span class="bld">‘‘ekapalaṃ</span> nāma dasakalañja’’nti vadanti. Iṭṭhakā mahantāpi na vaṭṭati. Tathā animittupagapāsāṇānaṃ rāsi, pageva paṃsuvālukārāsi. Bhūmisamo khalamaṇḍalasadiso piṭṭhipāsāṇo vā bhūmito khāṇuko viya uṭṭhitapāsāṇo vā hoti, sopi pamāṇūpago ce, vaṭṭati. ‘‘Piṭṭhipāsāṇo pana atimahantopi pāsāṇasaṅkhameva gacchatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘piṭṭhipāsāṇo</span> panā’’tiādi. Tasmā sace mahato piṭṭhipāsāṇassa ekaṃ padesaṃ antosīmāyaṃ kattukāmā honti, taṃ akittetvā tassupari añño pāsāṇo kittetabbo. Sace piṭṭhipāsāṇupari vihāraṃ karonti, vihāramajjhena ca piṭṭhipāsāṇo vinivijjhitvā gacchati, evarūpo piṭṭhipāsāṇo na vaṭṭati. Sace hi taṃ kittenti, nimittassupari vihāro hoti, nimittañca <a name="V0.0134"></a> nāma bahisīmāyaṃ hoti, vihāropi bahisīmāyaṃ āpajjati. Vihāraṃ parikkhipitvā ṭhitapiṭṭhipāsāṇo pana ekattha kittetvā aññattha na kittetabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vananimitte</span> tiṇavanaṃ vā tacasārarukkhavanaṃ vā na vaṭṭatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘antosārehī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Antosārā</span> nāma ambajambupanasādayo. <span class="bld">Antosāramissakehī</span>ti anto sāro yesaṃ te antosārā, tehi missakā antosāramissakā, tehi. <span class="bld">Catupañcarukkhamattampī</span>ti heṭṭhimaparicchedanāha<a name="M0.0140"></a>. Ukkaṃsato pana yojanasatikampi vanaṃ vaṭṭati. Ettha pana caturukkhamattañce, tayo sārato, eko asārato. Pañcarukkhamattañce, tayo sārato, dve asāratoti gahetabbaṃ. Sace pana vanamajjhe vihāraṃ karonti, taṃ vanaṃ na kittetabbaṃ. Ekadesaṃ antosīmāyaṃ kattukāmehipi vanaṃ akittetvā tattha rukkhapāsāṇādayo kittetabbā, vihāraṃ parikkhipitvā ṭhitavanaṃ ekattha kittetvā aññattha na kittetabbaṃ (mahāva. aṭṭha. 138).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rukkhanimitte</span>pi tacasārarukkho na vaṭṭatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘antosāro’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">‘‘Bhūmiyaṃ patiṭṭhito’’</span>ti iminā kuṭasarāvādīsu ṭhitaṃ paṭikkhipati. Tato apanetvā pana taṅkhaṇampi bhūmiyaṃ ropetvā koṭṭhakaṃ katvā udakaṃ āsiñcitvā kittetuṃ vaṭṭati, navamūlasākhāniggamanaṃ akāraṇaṃ. Khandhaṃ chinditvā ropite pana etaṃ yujjati. <span class="bld">Sūcidaṇḍakappamāṇo</span>ti ‘‘sīhaḷadīpe lekhanadaṇḍappamāṇo’’ti vadanti (sārattha. ṭī. mahāvagga 3.138), so ca kaniṭṭhaṅguliparimāṇoti daṭṭhabbo. Idaṃ pana rukkhanimittaṃ kittentena ‘‘rukkho’’tipi, ‘‘sākarukkho, sālarukkho’’tipi vattuṃ vaṭṭati. Ekābaddhaṃ pana suppatiṭṭhitanigrodhasadisaṃ rukkhaṃ ekattha kittetvā aññattha kittetuṃ na vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Magganimitte</span> araññakhettanadītaḷākamaggādayo na vaṭṭantīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘jaṅghamaggo vā hotū’’</span>tiādi. Yo pana jaṅghamaggo sakaṭamaggato okkamitvā puna sakaṭamaggameva otarati, ye vā jaṅghamaggasakaṭamaggā avalañjitā, te na vaṭṭanti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘jaṅghasatthasakaṭasatthehī’’</span>tiādi. Ettha ca sace sakaṭamaggassa antimacakkamaggaṃ nimittaṃ karonti, maggo bahisīmāya hoti. Sace bāhiracakkamaggaṃ nimittaṃ karonti, bāhiracakkamaggova bahisīmāya hoti, sesaṃ antosīmaṃ bhajatīti veditabbaṃ. Sacepi dve maggā nikkhamitvā pacchā sakaṭadhuramiva ekībhavanti, dvidhā bhinnaṭṭhāne vā sambandhaṭṭhāne vā sakiṃ kittetvā puna na kittetabbā. Ekābaddhanimittañhetaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sace <a name="V0.0135"></a> vihāraṃ parikkhipitvā cattāro maggā catūsu disāsu gacchanti, majjhe ekaṃ kittetvā aparaṃ kittetuṃ na vaṭṭati. Ekābaddhanimittañhetaṃ. Koṇaṃ vinivijjhitvā gataṃ pana parabhāge kittetuṃ vaṭṭati. Vihāramajjhena <a name="M0.0141"></a> vinivijjhitvā gatamaggo pana na kittetabbo. Kittite pana nimittassa upari vihāro hoti. Imañca maggaṃ kittentena ‘‘maggo pajjo patho’’tiādinā (cūḷani. pārāyanatthutigāthāniddesa 101) vuttesu dasasu nāmesu yena kenaci nāmena kittetuṃ vaṭṭati. Parikhāsaṇṭhānena vihāraṃ parikkhipitvā gatamaggo ekattha kittetvā aññattha kittetuṃ na vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yaṃ pana abaddhasīmālakkhaṇe nadiṃ vakkhāmā</span>ti ‘‘yassā dhammikānaṃ rājūnaṃ kāle’’tiādinā (kaṅkhā. aṭṭha. nidānavaṇṇanā) udakukkhepasīmāyaṃ nadiyā vakkhamānattā vuttaṃ. Yā pana nadī maggo viya sakaṭadhurasaṇṭhānena vā parikhāsaṇṭhānena vā vihāraṃ parikkhipitvā gatā, naṃ ekattha kittetvā aññattha kittetuṃ na vaṭṭati. Vihārassa catūsu disāsu aññamaññaṃ vinivijjhitvā gate nadīcatukkepi eseva nayo. Asammissanadiyo pana catassopi kittetuṃ vaṭṭati. Sace vatiṃ karonto viya rukkhapāde nikhaṇitvā vallipalālādīhi nadīsotaṃ rumbhanti, udakampi ajjhottharitvā āvaraṇaṃ pavattatiyeva, nimittaṃ kātuṃ vaṭṭati. Yathā pana udakaṃ nappavattati, evaṃ setumhi kate appavattamānā nadī nimittaṃ kātuṃ na vaṭṭati. Pavattanaṭṭhāne nadīnimittaṃ, appavattanaṭṭhāne udakanimittaṃ kātuṃ vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yā pana dubbuṭṭhikāle vā gimhe vā nirudakabhāvena nappavattati, sā vaṭṭati. Mahānadito udakamātikaṃ nīharanti, sā kunnadīsadisā hutvā tīṇi sassāni sampādentī niccaṃ pavattati. Kiñcāpi pavattati, nimittaṃ kātuṃ na vaṭṭati. Yā pana mūle mahānadito niggatāpi kālantarena teneva niggatamaggena nadiṃ bhinditvā sayameva gacchati, gacchantī ca parato susumārādisamākiṇṇā nāvādīhi sañcaritabbā nadī hoti, taṃ nimittaṃ kātuṃ vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Asandamāna</span>nti appavattamānaṃ. Sandamānaṃ nāma oghanadīudakavāhakamātikāsu udakaṃ. <span class="bld">Vuttaparicchedakālaṃ atiṭṭhanta</span>nti ‘‘yāva kammavācāpariyosānā saṇṭhamānaka’’nti vuttaparicchedakālaṃ atiṭṭhantaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhājanagata</span>nti nāvācāṭiādīsu bhājanesu gataṃ. Yaṃ pana <span class="bld">andhakaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> ‘‘gambhīresu āvāṭādīsu ukkhepimaṃ udakaṃ nimittaṃ na kātabba’’nti (mahāva. aṭṭha. 138; vi. saṅga. aṭṭha. 158) vuttaṃ, taṃ duvuttaṃ<a name="M0.0142"></a>, attano matimattameva. Ṭhitaṃ pana antamaso sūkarakhatāyapi gāmadārakānaṃ kīḷanavāpiyampi sace yāva kammavācāpariyosānaṃ tiṭṭhati, appaṃ vā <a name="V0.0136"></a> hotu, bahu vā, vaṭṭatiyeva. Tasmiṃ pana ṭhāne nimittasaññākaraṇatthaṃ pāsāṇavālikāpaṃsuādirāsi vā pāsāṇatthambho vā dārutthambho vā kātabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ nimittasampattiyuttataṃ dassetvā idāni yehi ākārehi baddhā parisāsampattiyuttā nāma hoti, taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘parisāsampattiyā yuttā nāmā’’</span>tiādimāha. Imassa pana kammassa catuvaggakaraṇīyattā <span class="bld">‘‘catūhi bhikkhūhī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Imañca sīmaṃ bandhitukāmehi sāmantavihāresu bhikkhū tassa tassa vihārassa sīmāparicchedaṃ pucchitvā baddhasīmavihārānaṃ sīmāya sīmantarikaṃ, abaddhasīmavihārānaṃ sīmāya upacāraṃ ṭhapetvā disācārikabhikkhūnaṃ nissañcārasamaye sace ekasmiṃ gāmakhette sīmaṃ bandhitukāmā, ye tattha baddhasīmavihārā, tesu bhikkhūnaṃ ‘‘mayaṃ ajja sīmaṃ bandhissāma, tumhe sakasakasīmāparicchedato mā nikkhamitthā’’ti pesetabbaṃ. Ye abaddhasīmavihārā, tesu bhikkhū ekajjhaṃ sannipātāpetabbā, chandārahānaṃ chando āharāpetabbo. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yāvatikā tasmiṃ gāmakhette’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Tasmiṃ gāmakhette</span>ti yasmiṃ gāmakhette ṭhatvā kammavācaṃ vācenti, tasmiṃ gāmakhette. ‘‘Sace aññānipi gāmakhettāni anto kattukāmā, tesu gāmesu ye bhikkhū vasanti, tehipi āgantabbaṃ, anāgacchantānaṃ chando āharitabbo’’ti <span class="bld">mahāsumatthero</span> āha. <span class="bld">Mahāpadumatthero</span> panāha ‘‘nānāgāmakhettāni nāma pāṭiyekkaṃ baddhasīmāsadisāni, na tato chandapārisuddhi āgacchati. Antonimittagatehi pana bhikkhūhi āgantabba’’nti vatvā puna āha ‘‘samānasaṃvāsakasīmāsammannanakāle āgamanampi anāgamanampi vaṭṭati, avippavāsasīmāsammannanakāle pana antonimittagatehi āgantabbaṃ. Anāgacchantānaṃ chando āharitabbo’’ti (mahāva. aṭṭha. 138).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni yehi ākārehi sammatā kammavācāsampattiyuttā nāma hoti, taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kammavācāsampattiyā yuttā nāmā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena. ‘‘Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho etehi nimittehi sīmaṃ sammanneyya samānasaṃvāsaṃ ekūposathaṃ, esā ñatti. Suṇātu <a name="M0.0143"></a> me, bhante, saṅgho, yāvatā samantā nimittā kittitā, saṅgho etehi nimittehi sīmaṃ sammannati samānasaṃvāsaṃ ekūposathaṃ, yassāyasmato khamati etehi nimittehi sīmāya sammuti samānasaṃvāsāya ekūposathāya, so tuṇhassa. Yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya. Sammatā sīmā saṅghena etehi nimittehi samānasaṃvāsā ekūposathā, khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti (mahāva. 139) imaṃ pāḷisesaṃ saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Vuttāyā</span>ti uposathakkhandhake vuttāya. Ñattidosaanussāvanadosehi virahitattā <span class="bld">parisuddhāya</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Khaṇḍasīmā</span> (mahāva. aṭṭha. 138; sārattha. ṭī. mahāvagga 3.138; vajira. ṭī. mahāvagga 138) <a name="V0.0137"></a> nāma khuddakasīmā. Samānasaṃvāsakatthaṃ sammatā sīmā <span class="bld">samānasaṃvāsakasīmā</span>. Avippavāsatthaṃ sammatā sīmā <span class="bld">avippavāsasīmā</span>. Imāsu pana tīsu sīmaṃ sammannantehi pabbajjupasampadādīnaṃ saṅghakammānaṃ sukhakaraṇatthaṃ paṭhamaṃ khaṇḍasīmā bandhitabbā. Taṃ pana bandhantehi vattaṃ jānitabbaṃ. Sace hi bodhicetiyabhattasālādīni sabbavatthūni patiṭṭhāpetvā katavihāre bandhanti, vihāramajjhe bahūnaṃ samosaraṇaṭṭhāne abandhitvā vihārapaccante vivittokāse bandhitabbā. Akatavihāre bandhantehi bodhicetiyādīnaṃ sabbavatthūnaṃ ṭhānaṃ sallakkhetvā yathā patiṭṭhitesu vatthūsu vihārapaccante vivittokāse hoti, evaṃ bandhitabbā. Sā heṭṭhimaparicchedena sace ekavīsatibhikkhū gaṇhāti, vaṭṭati. Tato oraṃ na vaṭṭati. Paraṃ bhikkhusahassaṃ gaṇhantīpi vaṭṭati. Taṃ bandhantehi sīmāmāḷakassa samantā nimittupagā pāsāṇā ṭhapetabbā, na khaṇḍasīmāya ṭhitehi mahāsīmā bandhitabbā, na mahāsīmāya ṭhitehi khaṇḍasīmā. Khaṇḍasīmāyameva pana ṭhatvā khaṇḍasīmā bandhitabbā, mahāsīmāyameva ṭhatvā mahāsīmā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatrāyaṃ bandhanavidhi – samantā ‘‘eso pāsāṇo nimitta’’nti evaṃ nimittāni kittetvā kammavācāya sīmā sammannitabbā. Atha tassā eva daḷhīkammatthaṃ avippavāsakammavācā kātabbā. Evañhi ‘‘sīmaṃ samūhanissāmā’’ti āgatā samūhanituṃ na sakkhissanti. Sīmaṃ sammannitvā bahi sīmantarikapāsāṇā ṭhapetabbā, sīmantarikā pacchimakoṭiyā caturaṅgulappamāṇāpi (mahāva. aṭṭha. 138; vi. saṅga. aṭṭha. 163) vaṭṭati. Sace pana vihāro mahā hoti, dvepi tissopi tatuttaripi khaṇḍasīmāyo bandhitabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ <a name="M0.0144"></a> khaṇḍasīmaṃ sammannitvā mahāsīmāsammutikāle khaṇḍasīmato nikkhamitvā mahāsīmāyaṃ ṭhatvā samantā anupariyāyantehi sīmantarikapāsāṇā kittetabbā. Tato avasesanimitte kittetvā hatthapāsaṃ avijahantehi kammavācāya samānasaṃvāsakasīmaṃ sammannitvā tassā daḷhīkammatthaṃ avippavāsakammavācāpi kātabbā. Evañhi ‘‘sīmaṃ samūhanissāmā’’ti āgatā samūhanituṃ na sakkhissanti. Sace pana khaṇḍasīmāya nimittāni kittetvā tato sīmantarikāya nimittāni kittetvā mahāsīmāya nimittāni kittenti, evaṃ tīsu ṭhānesu nimittāni kittetvā yaṃ sīmaṃ icchanti, taṃ paṭhamaṃ bandhituṃ vaṭṭati. Evaṃ santepi yathāvuttanayena khaṇḍasīmatova paṭṭhāya bandhitabbā. Evaṃ baddhāsu pana sīmāsu khaṇḍasīmāyaṃ ṭhitā bhikkhū mahāsīmāyaṃ kammaṃ karontānaṃ na kopenti, mahāsīmāyaṃ vā ṭhitā khaṇḍasīmāyaṃ karontānaṃ. Sīmantarikāya pana ṭhitā ubhinnampi na kopanti. Gāmakhette ṭhatvā kammaṃ karontānaṃ <a name="V0.0138"></a> pana sīmantarikāya ṭhitā kopenti. Sīmantarikā hi gāmakhettaṃ bhajati. Avippavāsasīmāsammannane kate sati sā ca <span class="bld">avippavāsasīmā</span> nāma hoti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tassāyeva pabhedo’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tassāyevā</span>ti baddhasīmāya eva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ayaṃ pana viseso – ‘‘ṭhapetvā gāmañca gāmūpacārañcā’’ti (mahāva. 144) vacanato avippavāsasīmā gāmañca gāmūpacārañca na otarati, samānasaṃvāsakasīmā pana tatthāpi otarati. Samānasaṃvāsakasīmā cettha attano dhammatāya gacchati, avippavāsasīmā pana yattha samānasaṃvāsakasīmā, tattheva gacchati. Na hi tassā visuṃ nimittakittanaṃ atthi. Tattha sace avippavāsāya sammutikāle gāmo atthi, taṃ sā na otarati. Sace pana sammatāya sīmāya pacchā gāmo nivisati, sopi sīmāsaṅkhameva gacchati. Yathā ca pacchā niviṭṭho, evaṃ paṭhamaṃ niviṭṭhassa pacchā vaḍḍhitappadesopi sīmāsaṅkhameva gacchati. Sacepi sīmāsammutikāle gehāni katāni, ‘‘pavisissāmā’’ti ālayopi atthi, manussā pana appaviṭṭhā, porāṇagāmaṃ vā sagehameva chaḍḍetvā aññattha gatā, agāmoyeva esa, sīmā otarati. Sace pana ekampi kulaṃ paviṭṭhaṃ vā agataṃ vā atthi, gāmoyeva, sīmā na otarati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ <a name="M0.0145"></a> baddhasīmaṃ dassetvā idāni abaddhasīmaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘abaddhasīmā panā’’</span>tiādimāha. Gāmo eva sīmā <span class="bld">gāmasīmā</span>. Gāmaggahaṇena cettha nigamanagarānampi saṅgaho veditabbo. Yattake padese tassa gāmassa gāmabhojakā baliṃ labhanti, so padeso appo vā hotu, mahanto vā, ekaṃ gāmakhettaṃ nāma. Yampi ekasmiṃyeva gāmakhette ekaṃ padesaṃ ‘‘ayaṃ visuṃ gāmo hotū’’ti paricchinditvā rājā kassaci deti, sopi <span class="bld">visuṃgāmasīmā</span> hotiyeva. Tasmā sā ca itarā ca pakatigāmasīmā baddhasīmāsadisāva hoti. Kevalaṃ pana ticīvaravippavāsaparihāraṃ na labhatīti (mahāva. aṭṭha. 147).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Agāmake araññe</span>ti viñjhāṭavisadise araññe. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘agāmakaṃ nāmā’’</span>tiādi. Ayaṃ pana sīmā ticīvaravippavāsaparihārampi labhati. <span class="bld">Macchabandhāna</span>nti kevaṭṭānaṃ. <span class="bld">Agamanapathesū</span>ti gantuṃ asakkuṇeyyapathesu. Yattha tadaheva gantvā tadaheva paccāgantuṃ na sakkā hoti, tādisesūti vuttaṃ hoti. Tesaṃ gamanapariyantassa orato pana gāmasīmāsaṅkhaṃ gacchati. Tattha gāmasīmaṃ asodhetvā kammaṃ kātuṃ na vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Majjhe ṭhitānaṃ sabbadisāsu sattabbhantarā</span>ti majjhe ṭhitānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ ṭhitokāsato sabbadisāsu sattabbhantarā. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti tesu abbhantaresu. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā parisavasena vaḍḍhati, tasmā. <span class="bld">Upacāratthāyā</span>ti sīmopacāratthāya. <span class="bld">Sīmābhāvaṃ paṭikkhipitvā</span>ti <a name="V0.0139"></a> baddhasīmābhāvaṃ paṭikkhipitvā. Samāno saṃvāso etthāti <span class="bld">samānasaṃvāsā</span>. Eko uposatho etthāti <span class="bld">ekūposathā</span>. Ettha ca uposathassa visuṃ gahitattā avasesakammavasena samānasaṃvāsatā veditabbā. <span class="bld">Vuttā</span>ti abaddhasīmāparicchedaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">uposathakkhandhake</span> (mahāva. 149) vuttā. Anu anu aḍḍhamāsaṃ <span class="bld">anvaḍḍhamāsaṃ,</span> aḍḍhamāse aḍḍhamāseti attho. Evaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘anudasāha’’</span>ntiādīsupi. <span class="bld">Deve</span>ti meghe. <span class="bld">Valāhakesu vigatamattesū</span>ti bhāvenabhāvalakkhaṇe bhummaṃ. <span class="bld">Sota</span>nti udakappavāho vuccati. Titthena vā atitthena vā otaritvāti pāṭhaseso. <span class="bld">Timaṇḍalaṃ paṭicchādetvā</span>ti yathā timaṇḍalapaṭicchādanaṃ hoti, evaṃ nivāsetvā. <span class="bld">Uttarantiyā</span>ti yattha katthaci uttarantiyā. <span class="bld">Bhikkhunīvibhaṅge</span> (pāci. 692) bhikkhuniyā vasena nadīlakkhaṇassa pāḷiyaṃ āgatattā <span class="bld">‘‘bhikkhuniyā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ, na pana visesasabbhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kenaci</span> <a name="M0.0146"></a> <span class="bld">khaṇitvā akato</span>ti antamaso tiracchānenapi khaṇitvā akato. <span class="bld">Nadiṃ vā samuddaṃ vā bhinditvā</span>ti nadīkūlaṃ vā samuddavelaṃ vā bhinditvā. <span class="bld">Etaṃ lakkhaṇa</span>nti ‘‘yattha nadiyaṃ vuttappakāre vassakāle udakaṃ santiṭṭhatī’’ti (kaṅkhā. aṭṭha. nidānavaṇṇanā) vuttappakāralakkhaṇaṃ. Loṇīpi jātassarasaṅkhameva gacchati. Yattha pana vuttappakāre vassakāle vasse pacchinnamatte pivituṃ vā hatthapāde dhovituṃ vā udakaṃ na hoti sukkhati, ayaṃ jātassaro gāmakhettasaṅkhameva gacchati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Udakukkhepā</span>ti karaṇatthe nissakkavacananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘udakukkhepenā’’</span>ti. Kathaṃ pana udakaṃ khipitabbanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tatthā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Majjhimena purisenā</span>ti thāmamajjhimena purisena. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ udakukkhepo nāmā</span>ti ayaṃ udakukkhepena paricchinnā sīmā nāmāti attho. Yāva parisā vaḍḍhati, tāva ayaṃ sīmāpi vaḍḍhati, parisapariyantato udakukkhepoyeva pamāṇaṃ. Sace pana nadī nātidīghā hoti, pabhavato paṭṭhāya yāva mukhadvāraṃ sabbattha saṅgho nisīdati, udakukkhepasīmākammaṃ natthi. Sakalāpi nadī etesaṃyeva bhikkhūnaṃ pahoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pakativassakāle</span>ti pubbe vuttappakāre pakativassakāle. <span class="bld">Catūsu māsesū</span>ti vassānassa catūsu māsesu. Ativuṭṭhikāle oghena otthatokāso na gahetabbo. So hi gāmasīmāsaṅkhameva gacchati. Antonadiyaṃ jātassare jātapiṭṭhipāsāṇadīpakesupi ayameva vinicchayo veditabbo. Sace pana nadī paripuṇṇā hoti samatitthikā, udakasāṭikaṃ nivāsetvāpi antonadiyaṃyeva kammaṃ kātabbaṃ. Sace na sakkonti, nāvāyapi ṭhatvā kātabbaṃ. Gacchantiyā pana nāvāya kātuṃ na vaṭṭati. Kasmā? Udakukkhepamattameva hi sīmā, taṃ <a name="V0.0140"></a> nāvā sīghameva atikkāmeti. Evaṃ sati aññissā sīmāya ñatti, aññissā anussāvanā hoti, tasmā nāvaṃ arittena vā ṭhapetvā, pāsāṇe vā lambitvā, antonadiyaṃ jātarukkhe vā bandhitvā kammaṃ kātabbaṃ. Antonadiyaṃ baddhaaṭṭakepi antonadiyaṃ jātarukkhepi ṭhitehi kammaṃ kātuṃ vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sace pana rukkhassa sākhā vā tato nikkhantapāroho vā bahinadītīre vihārasīmāya vā gāmasīmāya vā patiṭṭhito, sīmaṃ vā sodhetvā, sākhaṃ <a name="M0.0147"></a> vā chinditvā kammaṃ kātabbaṃ. Bahinadītīre jātarukkhassa antonadiyaṃ paviṭṭhasākhāya vā pārohe vā nāvaṃ bandhitvā kammaṃ kātuṃ na vaṭṭati. Karontehi sīmā vā sodhetabbā, sākhaṃ chinditvā vā tassa bahipatiṭṭhitabhāgo nāsetabbo. Nadītīre pana khāṇukaṃ koṭṭetvā tattha bandhanāvāya na vaṭṭatiyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nadiyaṃ setuṃ karonti, sace antonadiyaṃyeva setu vā setupādā vā, setumhi ṭhitehi kammaṃ kātuṃ vaṭṭati. Sace pana setu vā setupādā vā bahitīre patiṭṭhitā, kammaṃ kātuṃ na vaṭṭati, sīmaṃ sodhetvā kammaṃ kātabbaṃ. Atha setupādā anto, setu pana ubhinnampi tīrānaṃ upariākāse ṭhito, vaṭṭati. Jātassarepi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Yasmiṃ padese pakativīciyo ottharitvā saṇṭhahantī’’</span>ti etena yaṃ padesaṃ uddhaṃ vaḍḍhanakaudakaṃ vā pakativīciyo vā vegena āgantvā ottharanti, tattha kammaṃ kātuṃ na vaṭṭatīti (mahāva. aṭṭha. 147) dasseti. Sace ūmivego bādhati, nāvāya vā aṭṭake vā ṭhatvā kātabbaṃ. Tesu vinicchayo nadiyaṃ vuttanayeneva veditabbo. Sace pana samuddo gāmasīmaṃ vā nigamasīmaṃ vā ottharitvā tiṭṭhati, samuddova hoti. Tattha kammaṃ kātuṃ vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Tato paṭṭhāya kappiyabhūmī</span>ti ottharitvā saṇṭhitaudakantato paṭṭhāya anto nadījātassarasamuddo nāmāti attho. <span class="bld">Dubbuṭṭhikāle</span>ti vassānahemante sandhāya vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sukkhesupī</span>ti nirudakesupi. Yathā ca vāpikhaṇane, evaṃ āvāṭapokkharaṇīādīnaṃ khaṇanepi gāmakhettaṃ hotiyevāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Vappaṃ vā karontī</span>ti lābutipusakādivappaṃ vā karonti. <span class="bld">Taṃ ṭhāna</span>nti yattha vāpiādikaṃ kataṃ, taṃ ṭhānaṃ. Aññaṃ pana kappiyabhūmi. Sace pana jātassaraṃ pūretvā thalaṃ karonti, ekasmiṃ disābhāge pāḷiṃ bandhitvā sabbameva naṃ mahātaḷākaṃ vā karonti, sabbopi ajātassaro hoti. Gāmasīmāsaṅkhameva gacchati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sace <a name="V0.0141"></a> nadimpi vināsetvā taḷākaṃ karonti, heṭṭhā pāḷi baddhā, udakaṃ āgantvā taḷākaṃ pūretvā tiṭṭhati, ettha kammaṃ kātuṃ na vaṭṭati. Upari pavattanaṭṭhāne chaḍḍitaṃ udakaṃ nadiṃ ottharitvā sandanaṭṭhānato paṭṭhāya vaṭṭati. Kāci nadī kālantarena uppatitvā gāmanigamasīmaṃ ottharitvā pavattati, nadīyeva <a name="M0.0148"></a> hoti, kammaṃ kātuṃ vaṭṭati. Sace vihārasīmaṃ ottharati ‘‘vihārasīmā’’tveva saṅkhaṃ gacchati. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā anto gacchati, tasmā. <span class="bld">Samantā udakukkhepaparicchedo kātabbo</span>ti pahonakaṭṭhānaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Yattha pana kunnadīādīsu nappahoti, tattha pahonakaṭṭhānato udakukkhepaparicchedo kātabbo. <span class="bld">Upacāratthāyā</span>ti sīmopacāratthāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kasmā pana aññamekaṃ sattabbhantaraṃ, añño eko udakukkhepo ca upacāratthāya ṭhapetabboti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ayaṃ hī’’</span>tiādi. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti (sārattha. ṭī. mahāvagga 3.147; vi. vi. ṭī. mahāvagga 2.147) – yasmā ayaṃ sattabbhantarasīmā ca udakukkhepasīmā ca bhikkhūnaṃ ṭhitokāsato paṭṭhāya labbhati, te ca bhikkhū na sabbadā ekasadisā, kadāci vaḍḍhanti, kadāci parihāyanti. Yadā ca vaḍḍhanti, tadā sīmāsaṅkaro hoti. Tasmā aññamekaṃ sattabbhantaraṃ, añño eko udakukkhepo ca upacāratthāya ṭhapetabboti. Yaṃ pana <span class="bld">mahāaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> ‘‘tato adhikaṃ vaṭṭatiyeva, ūnakaṃ pana na vaṭṭatī’’ti (mahāva. aṭṭha. 147) vuttaṃ, tampi etadatthameva, na pana tattha katassa kammassa kuppattāti gahetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Paricchedato bahi aññaṃ tattakaṃyeva paricchedaṃ anatikkamitvā ṭhitopī</span>ti attano sattabbhantarena, udakukkhepena vā yo tesaṃ sattabbhantarassa, udakukkhepassa vā paricchedo, tato bahi aññaṃ tattakaṃyeva paricchedaṃ anatikkamitvā ṭhitopīti attho. Kathametaṃ viññāyatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘idaṃ sabbaaṭṭhakathāsu sanniṭṭhāna’’</span>nti, idaṃ ‘‘kammaṃ kopetī’’ti mahāaṭṭhakathādīsu vavatthānanti attho. <span class="bld">‘‘Iti ima’’</span>ntiādi yathāvuttassa nigamanaṃ. Hoti cettha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Baddhābaddhavasenedha, sīmā nāma dvidhā tahiṃ;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Tisampattiyuttā vajji-tekādasa vipattikā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Baddhasīmā tidhā khaṇḍā-dito gāmādito parā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabhāgāpatti</span> ca nāmesā duvidhā vatthusabhāgā, āpattisabhāgāti. Tattha idha vatthusabhāgā adhippetā, netarāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ sabbo saṅgho vikālabhojanādinā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Lahukāpatti</span>nti lahukena vinayakammena visujjhanato lahukā thullaccayapācittiyapāṭidesanīyadukkaṭadubbhāsitasaṅkhātā pañcāpattiyo. Vatthusabhāgāya saṅghādisesāpattiyāpi sati uposathakammaṃ pattakallaṃ <a name="V0.0142"></a> na hotiyeva. Yathāha <a name="M0.0149"></a> ‘‘sabhāgasaṅghādisesaṃ āpannassa pana santike āvi kātuṃ na vaṭṭati. Sace āvi karoti, āpatti āvikatā hoti, dukkaṭā pana na muccatī’’ti (cūḷava. aṭṭha. 102). Tassā pana adesanāgāminito evaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Vatthusabhāgā</span>ti vatthuvasena samānabhāgā, ekakoṭṭhāsāti vuttaṃ hoti. Imameva vatthusabhāgaṃ desetuṃ na vaṭṭati ‘‘na, bhikkhave, sabhāgā āpatti desetabbā, yo deseyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti (mahāva. 169) vuttattā, na pana āpattisabhāgaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vikālabhojanapaccayā āpannaṃ panā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Āpattisabhāga</span>nti āpattiyā samānabhāgaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sāmantā āvāsā</span>ti sāmantaāvāsaṃ, samīpavihāranti attho. <span class="bld">Sajjuka</span>nti tadahevāgamanatthāya. <span class="bld">Pāhetabbo</span>ti pesetabbo. <span class="bld">Iccetaṃ kusala</span>nti iti etaṃ sundaraṃ bhaddakaṃ, laddhakappanti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">No ce labhethā</span>ti vihārānaṃ dūratāya vā magge paripanthādinā vā yadi na labhetha. ‘‘Tassa santike paṭikarissatī’’ti iminā vacanena sabhāgāpatti āvi kātumpi na labbhatīti dīpitaṃ hoti. Yadi labheyya, āvi katvāpi uposathaṃ kareyya. Yadi pana sabbo saṅgho sabhāgaṃ saṅghādisesaṃ āpanno hoti, ñattiṃ ṭhapetvā uposathaṃ kātuṃ na vaṭṭati, uposathassa antarāyova hoti. Ubhopi dukkaṭaṃ āpajjanti ‘‘na, bhikkhave, sabhāgā āpatti desetabbā, yo deseyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Na, bhikkhave, sabhāgā āpatti paṭiggahetabbā, yo paṭiggaṇheyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti (mahāva. 169) vuttattā. <span class="bld">Vimati</span> saṃsayo, tattha niyutto <span class="bld">vematiko</span>. ‘‘Puna nibbematiko hutvā desetabbamevā’’ti neva pāḷiyaṃ, na ca aṭṭhakathāyaṃ atthi, desite pana doso natthi. <span class="bld">Vuttanayenevā</span>ti ‘‘pārisuddhiṃ āyasmanto ārocethā’’tiādinā nayena sāpattikassa uposathakaraṇe paññattaṃ dukkaṭaṃ āpajjantīti vuttanayeneva. Kasmā sabhāgāpattiyeva vuttāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘etāsu hī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Visabhāgāpattīsu vijjamānāsupi pattakallaṃ hotiyevā</span>ti visabhāgāsu pana vijjamānāsu tesaṃyeva puggalānaṃ āpatti, na saṅghassāti saṅghassa pattakallaṃ hotiyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Antimavatthuajjhāpannako</span> nāma catunnaṃ pārājikānaṃ aññataraṃ ajjhāpannako. Paṇḍakādīnaṃ vinicchayo parato pārājikuddese āvi bhavissati<a name="M0.0150"></a>. <span class="bld">Tiracchānagato</span>ti antamaso sakkaṃ devarājānaṃ upādāya yo koci nāgamāṇavakādiko amanussajātiko veditabbo, na assagoṇādayo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ettha cā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">etthā</span>ti etissaṃ vajjanīyapuggalakathāyaṃ. <span class="bld">Yassa upasampadā paṭikkhittā</span>ti ‘‘tiracchānagato, bhikkhave, anupasampanno, na upasampādetabbo’’ti (mahāva. 111) yassa nāgasupaṇṇādino tiracchānagatassa upasampadā paṭikkhittā<a name="V0.0143"></a>, so idhāpi tiracchānagato nāmāti attho. Tattha hi antamaso deve upādāya nāgamāṇavakādiko yo koci amanussajātiko ‘‘tiracchānagato’’ti adhippeto. Vuttañhi <span class="bld">samantapāsādikāyaṃ</span> ‘‘tiracchānagato, bhikkhaveti ettha nāgo vā hotu supaṇṇamāṇavakādīnaṃ vā aññataro, antamaso sakkaṃ devarājānaṃ upādāya yo koci amanussajātiyo, so sabbova imasmiṃ atthe ‘tiracchānagato’ti veditabbo’’ti (mahāva. aṭṭha. 111). <span class="bld">Titthaṃ</span> vuccati laddhi, taṃ etesaṃ atthīti <span class="bld">titthikā,</span> titthikā eva <span class="bld">titthiyā,</span> ito aññaladdhikāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Suttassa uddeso <span class="bld">suttuddeso</span>. Pārisuddhi eva uposatho <span class="bld">pārisuddhiuposatho</span>. Eseva nayo <span class="bld">adhiṭṭhānuposatho</span>ti etthāpi. <span class="bld">So</span>ti pātimokkhuddeso. Ovādova pātimokkhaṃ, tassa uddeso sarūpena kathanaṃ <span class="bld">ovādapātimokkhuddeso</span>. ‘‘Imasmiṃ vītikkame ayaṃ nāma āpattī’’ti evaṃ āpattivasena āṇāpanaṃ paññāpanaṃ <span class="bld">āṇā,</span> sesaṃ anantarasadisameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Khantī paramaṃ tapo titikkhā…pe… vuttā tisso gāthāyo</span> nāma –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Khantī paramaṃ tapo titikkhā;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Nibbānaṃ paramaṃ vadanti buddhā;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Na hi pabbajito parūpaghātī;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Na samaṇo hoti paraṃ viheṭhayanto.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Sabbapāpassa akaraṇaṃ, kusalassa upasampadā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sacittapariyodapanaṃ, etaṃ buddhāna sāsanaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Anūpavādo <a name="M0.0151"></a> anūpaghāto, pātimokkhe ca saṃvaro;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Mattaññutā ca bhattasmiṃ, pantañca sayanāsanaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Adhicitte ca āyogo, etaṃ buddhāna sāsana’’nti.(dī. ni. 2.90; dha. pa. 183-185) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Imā tisso gāthāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">khantī paramaṃ tapo</span>ti (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 2.90; dha. pa. aṭṭha. 2.185) adhivāsanakhanti <a name="V0.0144"></a> nāma paramaṃ tapo. <span class="bld">Titikkhā</span>ti khantiyā eva vevacanaṃ, titikkhāsaṅkhātā adhivāsanakhanti uttamaṃ tapoti attho. <span class="bld">Nibbānaṃ paramaṃ vadantī</span>ti sabbākārena pana nibbānaṃ ‘‘parama’’nti vadanti buddhā. <span class="bld">Na hi pabbajito parūpaghātī</span>ti yo adhivāsanakhantivirahitattā paraṃ upaghāteti bādhati vihiṃsati, so pabbajito nāma na hoti. Catutthapādo pana tasseva vevacanaṃ. ‘‘Na hi pabbajito’’ti etassa hi <span class="bld">‘‘nasamaṇo hotī’’</span>ti vevacanaṃ. ‘‘Parūpaghātī’’ti etassa <span class="bld">‘‘paraṃ viheṭhayanto’’</span>ti vevacanaṃ. Atha vā <span class="bld">parūpaghātī</span>ti sīlūpaghātī. Sīlañhi uttamaṭṭhena ‘‘para’’nti vuccati. Yo ca samaṇo paraṃ yaṃ kañci sattaṃ viheṭhayanto parūpaghātī hoti, attano sīlavināsako, so pabbajito nāma na hotīti attho. Atha vā yo adhivāsanakhantiyā abhāvā parūpaghātī hoti, paraṃ antamaso ḍaṃsamakasampi sañcicca jīvitā voropeti, so na hi pabbajito. Kiṃ kāraṇā? Malassa apabbājitattā. ‘‘Pabbājayamattano malaṃ, tasmā ‘pabbajito’ti vuccatī’’ti (dha. pa. 388) idañhi pabbajitalakkhaṇaṃ. Yopi na heva kho upaghāteti na māreti, apica daṇḍādīhi viheṭheti, so paraṃ viheṭhayanto samaṇo na hoti. Kiṃ kāraṇā? Vihesāya asamitattā. ‘‘Samitattā hi pāpānaṃ, ‘samaṇo’ti pavuccatī’’ti (dha. pa. 265) idañhi samaṇalakkhaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dutiyagāthāya <span class="bld">sabbapāpassā</span>ti sabbākusalassa. <span class="bld">Akaraṇa</span>nti anuppādanaṃ. <span class="bld">Kusalassā</span>ti catubhūmakakusalassa. <span class="bld">Upasampadā</span>ti upasampādanaṃ paṭilābho. <span class="bld">Sacittapariyodapana</span>nti attano cittassa vodāpanaṃ pabhassarabhāvakaraṇaṃ sabbaso parisodhanaṃ, taṃ pana arahattena hoti. Iti sīlasaṃvarena sabbapāpaṃ pahāya lokiyalokuttarāhi samathavipassanāhi kusalaṃ sampādetvā arahattaphalena cittaṃ pariyodāpetabbanti etaṃ buddhānaṃ sāsanaṃ ovādo anusiṭṭhi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatiyagāthāya <a name="M0.0152"></a> <span class="bld">anūpavādo</span>ti vācāya kassaci anupavadanaṃ. <span class="bld">Anūpaghāto</span>ti kāyena kassaci upaghātassa akaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Pātimokkhe</span>ti yaṃ taṃ pātimokkhaṃ paatimokkhaṃ atipamokkhaṃ uttamaṃ sīlaṃ, pāti vā agativisesehi, mokkheti duggatibhayehi. Yo vā naṃ pāti, taṃ mokkhetīti ‘‘pātimokkha’’nti vuccati, tasmiṃ pātimokkhe ca. <span class="bld">Saṃvaro</span>ti sattannaṃ āpattikkhandhānaṃ avītikkamalakkhaṇo saṃvaro. <span class="bld">Mattaññutā</span>ti paṭiggahaṇaparibhogavasena pamāṇaññutā. <span class="bld">Pantañca sayanāsana</span>nti janasaṅghaṭṭanavirahitaṃ nijjanasambādhaṃ vivittaṃ, senāsanañca. Ettha ca dvihiyeva paccayehi catupaccayasantoso dīpitoti veditabbo paccayasantosasāmaññena itaradvayassāpi lakkhaṇahāranayena jotitattā. <span class="bld">Adhicitte ca āyogo</span>ti vipassanāpādakaṃ <a name="V0.0145"></a> aṭṭhasamāpatticittaṃ, tatopi maggaphalacittameva adhicittaṃ, tasmiṃ yathāvutte adhicitte āyogo ca anuyogo cāti attho. <span class="bld">Etaṃ buddhāna sāsana</span>nti etaṃ parassa anupavadanaṃ, anupaghātanaṃ, pātimokkhe saṃvaro, paṭiggahaṇaparibhogesu mattaññutā, aṭṭhasamāpattivasibhāvāya vivittasenāsanasevanañca buddhānaṃ sāsanaṃ ovādo anusiṭṭhīti. Imā pana tisso gāthā sabbabuddhānaṃ pātimokkhuddesagāthāyo hontīti veditabbā. Taṃ buddhā eva uddisanti, na sāvakā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho’’tiādinā (mahāva. 134) nayena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">āṇāpātimokkhaṃ</span> nāma. Taṃ sāvakā eva uddisanti, na buddhā saṅghakammaṃ karonti, na ca tattha pariyāpannāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘taṃ sāvakā eva uddisanti, na buddhā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Imasmiṃ atthe</span>ti ‘‘pātimokkhaṃ uddiseyyā’’ti etasmiṃ atthe.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anupagato</span> nāma tattheva upasampanno, asatiyā purimikāya anupagato vā. <span class="bld">Cātumāsiniya</span>nti cātumāsiyaṃ. Sā hi catunnaṃ māsānaṃ pāripūribhūtāti cātumāsī, sā eva ‘‘cātumāsinī’’ti vuccati, tassaṃ cātumāsiniyaṃ. Pacchimakattikapuṇṇamāsiniyanti attho. <span class="bld">Kāyasāmaggi</span>nti kāyena samaggabhāvaṃ, hatthapāsūpagamananti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ayaṃ panettha vinicchayo – sace purimikāya pañca bhikkhū vassaṃ upagatā, pacchimikāyapi pañca, purimehi ñattiṃ ṭhapetvā pavārite pacchimehi <a name="M0.0153"></a> tesaṃ santike pārisuddhiuposatho kātabbo, na ekasmiṃ uposathagge dve ñattiyo ṭhapetabbā. Sacepi pacchimikāya upagatā cattāro, tayo, dve, eko vā hoti, eseva nayo. Atha purimikāya cattāro, pacchimikāyapi cattāro, tayo, dve, eko vā, eseva nayo. Atha purimikāya tayo, pacchimikāya tayo, dve vā, eseva nayo. Idañhettha lakkhaṇaṃ – sace purimikāya upagatehi pacchimikāya upagatā thokatarā ceva honti samasamā ca, saṅghappavāraṇāya ca gaṇaṃ pūrenti, saṅghappavāraṇāvasena ñattiṃ ṭhapetvā purimehi pavāretabbā. Sace pana purimikāya tayo, pacchimikāya eko hoti, tena saddhiṃ te cattāro honti, catunnaṃ saṅghañattiṃ ṭhapetvā pavāretuṃ na vaṭṭati. Gaṇañattiyā pana so gaṇapūrako hoti, tasmā gaṇavasena ñattiṃ ṭhapetvā purimehi pavāretabbaṃ, itarena tesaṃ santike pārisuddhiuposatho kātabbo. Sace purimikāya dve, pacchimikāya dve vā eko vā, etthāpi eseva nayo. Sace purimikāya eko, pacchimikāyapi eko, ekena ekassa santike pavāretabbaṃ, ekena pārisuddhiuposatho kātabbo<a name="V0.0146"></a>. Sace purimavassūpagatehi pacchimavassūpagatā ekenapi adhikatarā honti, paṭhamaṃ pātimokkhaṃ uddisitvā pacchā thokatarehi tesaṃ santike pavāretabbaṃ. Kattikacātumāsinipavāraṇāya pana sace paṭhamaṃ vassūpagatehi mahāpavāraṇāya pavāritehi pacchā upagatā adhikatarā vā samasamā vā honti, pavāraṇāñattiṃ ṭhapetvā pavāretabbaṃ. Tehi pavārite pacchā itarehi pārisuddhiuposatho kātabbo. Atha mahāpavāraṇāya pavāritā bahū honti, pacchā vassūpagatā thokā vā eko vā, pātimokkhe uddiṭṭhe pacchā tesaṃ santike tena pavāretabbanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā</span>ti ekasmiṃ aṃse sādhukaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvāti attho. <span class="bld">Añjaliṃ paggahetvā</span>ti dasanakhasamodhānasamujjalaṃ añjaliṃ ukkhipitvā. Sace pana tattha pārivāsikopi atthi, saṅghanavakaṭṭhāne nisīditvā tattheva nisinnena attano pāḷiyā pārisuddhiuposatho kātabbo. Pātimokkhe uddisiyamāne pana pāḷiyā anisīditvā pāḷiṃ vihāya hatthapāsaṃ amuñcantena nisīditabbaṃ. Pavāraṇāyapi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbaṃ</span> <a name="M0.0154"></a> <span class="bld">pubbakaraṇīya</span>nti sammajjanādiṃ navavidhaṃ pubbakiccaṃ. Yathā ca sabbo saṅgho sabhāgāpattiṃ āpajjitvā ‘‘suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho…pe… paṭikarissatī’’ti (mahāva. 171) ñattiṃ ṭhapetvā uposathaṃ kātuṃ labhati, evametthāpi tīhi ‘‘suṇantu me āyasmantā ime bhikkhū sabhāgaṃ āpattiṃ āpannā, yadā aññaṃ bhikkhuṃ suddhaṃ anāpattikaṃ passissanti, tadā tassa santike taṃ āpattiṃ paṭikarissantī’’ti gaṇañattiṃ ṭhapetvā, dvīhipi ‘‘aññaṃ suddhaṃ passitvā paṭikarissāmā’’ti vatvā uposathaṃ kātuṃ vaṭṭati. Ekenāpi ‘‘parisuddhaṃ labhitvā paṭikarissāmī’’ti ābhogaṃ katvā kātuṃ vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Tadahū</span>ti tasmiṃ ahu, tasmiṃ divaseti attho. <span class="bld">Nānāsaṃvāsakehī</span>ti laddhinānāsaṃvāsakehi. <span class="bld">Anāvāso</span> nāma navakammasālādiko yo koci padeso. <span class="bld">Aññatra saṅghenā</span>ti saṅghappahonakehi bhikkhūhi vinā. <span class="bld">Aññatra antarāyā</span>ti pubbe vuttaṃ dasavidhamantarāyaṃ vinā. Sabbantimena pana paricchedena attacatutthena antarāye vā sati gantuṃ vaṭṭati. Yathā ca āvāsādayo na gantabbā, evaṃ sace vihāre uposathaṃ karonti, uposathādhiṭṭhānatthaṃ sīmāpi nadīpi na gantabbā. Sace panettha koci bhikkhu hoti, tassa santikaṃ gantuṃ vaṭṭati. Vissaṭṭhauposathāpi āvāsā gantuṃ vaṭṭati. Evaṃ gato adhiṭṭhātumpi labhati. Āraññakenāpi bhikkhunā uposathadivase gāme piṇḍāya caritvā attano vihārameva āgantabbaṃ. Sace aññaṃ vihāraṃ okkamati, tattha uposathaṃ katvāva āgantabbaṃ, akatvā āgantuṃ na vaṭṭati. Yaṃ jaññā ‘‘ajjeva tattha gantuṃ sakkomī’’ti (mahāva. aṭṭha. 181) <a name="V0.0147"></a> evarūpo pana āvāso gantabbo. Tattha bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ uposathaṃ karontenāpi hi iminā neva uposathantarāyo kato bhavissatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Udakaṃ āsanena cā</span>ti āsanena saha pānīyaparibhojanīyaṃ udakañcāti attho. Saṅghasannipātato paṭhamaṃ kattabbaṃ <span class="bld">pubbakaraṇaṃ</span>. Pubbakaraṇato pacchā kattabbampi uposathakammato paṭhamaṃ kattabbattā <span class="bld">pubbakiccaṃ</span>. Ubhayampi cetaṃ uposathakammato paṭhamaṃ kattabbattā ‘‘pubbakicca’’micceva ettha vuttanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ dvīhi nāmehi navavidhaṃ pubbakiccaṃ dassita’’</span>nti. Kiṃ taṃ katanti pucchatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘na hī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Taṃ akatvā uposathaṃ kātuṃ na vaṭṭati</span> ‘‘na, bhikkhave, therena āṇattena agilānena na <a name="M0.0155"></a> sammajjitabbaṃ, yo na sammajjeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’tiādi (mahāva. 159) vacanato. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘tasmā therena āṇattenā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sace pana āṇatto sammajjaniṃ tāvakālikampi na labhati, sākhābhaṅgaṃ kappiyaṃ kāretvā sammajjitabbaṃ. Tampi alabhantassa laddhakappiyaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Pānīyaṃ paribhojanīyaṃ upaṭṭhāpetabba</span>nti āgantukānaṃ atthāya pānīyaparibhojanīyaṃ upaṭṭhāpetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Āsanaṃ paññāpetabba</span>nti pīṭhaphalakādiāsanaṃ paññāpetabbaṃ. Sace uposathāgāre āsanāni natthi, saṃghikāvāsatopi āharitvā paññāpetvā puna haritabbāni. Āsanesu asati kaṭasārakepi taṭṭikāyopi paññāpetuṃ vaṭṭati. Taṭṭikāsupi asati sākhābhaṅgāni kappiyaṃ kāretvā paññāpetabbāni. Kappiyakārakaṃ alabhantassa laddhakappiyaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Padīpo kātabbo</span>ti padīpetabbo, padīpujjalanaṃ kātabbanti vuttaṃ hoti. Āṇāpentena pana ‘‘asukasmiṃ nāma okāse telaṃ vā vaṭṭi vā kapallikā vā atthi, taṃ gahetvā karohī’’ti vattabbo. Sace telādīni natthi, pariyesitabbāni. Pariyesitvā alabhantassa laddhakappiyaṃ hoti. Apica kapāle aggipi jāletabbo. Āṇāpentena ca kiñci kammaṃ karonto vā sadākālameva eko vā bhāranittharaṇako vā sarabhāṇakadhammakathikādīsu aññataro vā na āṇāpetabbo, avasesā pana vārena āṇāpetabbā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘therenāpi patirūpaṃ ñatvā āṇāpetabba’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bahi uposathaṃ katvā āgatenā</span>ti nadiyā vā sīmāya vā yattha katthaci uposathaṃ katvā āgatena chando dātabbo, ‘‘kato mayā uposatho’’ti acchituṃ na labhatīti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Kiccappasuto vā</span>ti gilānupaṭṭhākādikiccappasuto vā. Sace gilāno chandapārisuddhiṃ dātuṃ na sakkoti, mañcena vā pīṭhena vā saṅghamajjhaṃ ānetvā uposatho kātabbo. Sace gilānupaṭṭhākānaṃ <a name="V0.0148"></a> bhikkhūnaṃ evaṃ hoti ‘‘sace kho mayaṃ imaṃ gilānaṃ ṭhānā cāvessāma, ābādho vā abhivaḍḍhissati, kālakiriyā vā bhavissatī’’ti, na tveva so gilāno ṭhānā cāvetabbo, saṅghena tattha gantvā uposatho kātabbo, na tveva vaggena saṅghena uposatho kātabbo. Kareyya ce, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Sace bahū tādisā gilānā honti, saṅghena paṭipāṭiyā ṭhatvā <a name="M0.0156"></a> sabbe hatthapāse kātabbā. Sace dūre dūre honti, saṅgho nappahoti, taṃ divasaṃ uposatho na kātabbo, na tveva vaggena saṅghena uposatho kātabbo. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tadahuposathe pārisuddhiṃ dentena chandampi dātuṃ, santi saṅghassa karaṇīya’’nti (mahāva. 165) vuttattā bhagavato āṇaṃ karontena ‘‘chandaṃ <span class="bld">dammī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. ‘‘Chandahārako ce, bhikkhave, dinne chande tattheva pakkamati, aññassa dātabbo chando’’tiādivacanato (mahāva. 165) puna attano chandadānaparissamavinodanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘chandaṃ me harā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. ‘‘Chandahārako ce, bhikkhave, dinne chande saṅghappatto sañcicca na āroceti, āhaṭo hoti chando, chandahārakassa āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti (mahāva. 165) vuttattā dukkaṭato taṃ mocetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘chandaṃ me ārocehī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāyena vā vācāya vā ubhayena vā viññāpetabbo</span>ti manasā cintetvā kāyappayogaṃ karontena yena kenaci aṅgapaccaṅgena vā, vācaṃ pana nicchāretuṃ sakkontena tatheva vācāya vā, ubhayathāpi sakkontena kāyavācāhi vā viññāpetabbo, jānāpetabboti attho. <span class="bld">‘‘Ayaṃ attho’’</span>ti vacanato pana yāya kāyacipi bhāsāya viññāpetuṃ vaṭṭati, pārisuddhidānepi chandadāne vuttasadisova vinicchayo. Taṃ pana dentena paṭhamaṃ santī āpatti desetabbā. Na hi sāpattiko samāno ‘‘pārisuddhiṃ dammi, pārisuddhiṃ me hara, pārisuddhiṃ me ārocehī’’ti (mahāva. 164) vattuṃ labhati. ‘‘Santi saṅghassa karaṇīyānī’’ti vattabbe vacanavipallāsena <span class="bld">‘‘santi saṅghassa karaṇīya’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Tesañca attano ca chandapārisuddhiṃ detī</span>ti ettha chando ca chandapārisuddhi ca <span class="bld">chandapārisuddhi,</span> taṃ detīti sarūpekasesanayena attho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Itarā</span>ti aññesaṃ chandapārisuddhi. <span class="bld">Biḷālasaṅkhalikā chandapārisuddhī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">biḷālasaṅkhalikā</span> nāma biḷālabandhanaṃ. Tattha hi saṅkhalikāya paṭhamavalayaṃ dutiyavalayaṃyeva pāpuṇāti, na tatiyaṃ, evamayampi chandapārisuddhi dāyakena yassa dinnā, tato aññattha na gacchatīti (sārattha. ṭī. mahāvagga 3.164; vi. vi. ṭī. mahāvagga 2.164). Tasmā sā biḷālasaṅkhalikasadisattā ‘‘biḷālasaṅkhalikā’’ti vuttā. Biḷālasaṅkhalikaggahaṇañcettha yāsaṃ kāsañci saṅkhalikānaṃ upalakkhaṇamattanti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Utukkhāna</span>nti <a name="M0.0157"></a><a name="V0.0149"></a> taṃ taṃ kiriyaṃ arati vattetīti <span class="bld">utu,</span> tassa akkhānaṃ utukkhānaṃ, utuācikkhananti attho. Yathā ca tassa ācikkhanaṃ, taṃ sarūpato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘hemantādīna’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Gaṇanā</span>ti kalanā. Bhikkhunīnaṃ aṭṭhagarudhammehi ovadanaṃ <span class="bld">bhikkhunovādo. Sve uposathoti āgantvā</span>ti ‘‘sve uposatho hotī’’ti vutte ajjeva āgantvā pannarasike uposathe pakkhassa cātuddasiyaṃ, cātuddasike terasiyaṃ āgantvāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Mahāpaccariyaṃ</span> pana ‘‘pakkhassa terasiyaṃyeva āgantvā ‘ayaṃ uposatho cātuddasiko vā pannarasiko vā’ti pucchitabba’’nti (pāci. aṭṭha. 149) vuttaṃ. Evaṃ pucchitena ca bhikkhunā sace cātuddasiyaṃ uposathaṃ karonti, ‘‘cātuddasiko bhaginī’’ti vattabbaṃ. Sace pannarasiyaṃ karonti, ‘‘pannarasiko bhaginī’’ti vattabbaṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ṭhapetvā bālaṃ, ṭhapetvā gilānaṃ, ṭhapetvā gamikaṃ avasesehi ovādaṃ gahetu’’nti (cūḷava. 414) vuttattā <span class="bld">‘‘taṃ ṭhapetvā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha ārocanavidhānaṃ ajānanto <span class="bld">bālo</span>. Cātuddasikapannarasikesu uposathesu vā pāṭipade vā gantukāmo <span class="bld">gamiyo,</span> dutiyapakkhadivasato pana paṭṭhāya tato uddhaṃ gacchanto idha gamiyo nāma na hoti. Araññe nivāso assāti <span class="bld">āraññiko</span>. Sopi ‘‘ahaṃ araññavāsī, sve uposatho, vihāre na vasāmī’’ti appaṭiggahituṃ na labhati. Yadi na gaṇheyya, dukkaṭaṃ āpajjeyya. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘na, bhikkhave, ovādo na gahetabbo, yo na gaṇheyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti (cūḷava. 414). Tena pana paccāharaṇatthāya saṅketo kātabbo. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, āraññikena bhikkhunā ovādaṃ gahetuṃ, saṅketañca kātuṃ atra patiharissāmī’’ti (cūḷava. 415). Tasmā āraññikena bhikkhunā sace bhikkhunīnaṃ vasanagāme bhikkhā labbhati, tattheva caritvā bhikkhuniyo disvā ārocetvā gantabbaṃ. No cassa tattha bhikkhā sulabhā hoti, sāmantagāme caritvā bhikkhunīnaṃ gāmaṃ āgamma tatheva kātabbaṃ. Sace dūraṃ gantabbaṃ hoti, saṅketo kātabbo ‘‘ahaṃ asukaṃ nāma tumhākaṃ gāmadvāre sabhaṃ vā maṇḍapaṃ vā rukkhamūlaṃ vā upasaṅkamissāmi, tatra āgaccheyyāthā’’ti. Bhikkhunīhi tatra gantabbaṃ, agantuṃ na labbhati. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘na, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyā saṅketaṃ <a name="M0.0158"></a> na gantabbaṃ, yā na gaccheyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti (cūḷava. 415). <span class="bld">Uposathagge</span>ti uposathakaraṇaṭṭhāne. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhahi aṅgehī</span>ti –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Sīlavā hoti, pātimokkhasaṃvarasaṃvuto viharati ācāragocarasampanno, aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvī samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu. Bahussuto hoti sutadharo sutasannicayo, ye te dhammā ādikalyāṇā majjhekalyāṇā pariyosānakalyāṇā sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ abhivadanti, tathārūpāssa dhammā bahussutā <a name="V0.0150"></a> honti, dhātā vacasā paricitā, manasā anupekkhitā, diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividdhā. Ubhayāni kho panassa pātimokkhāni vitthārena svāgatāni honti suvibhattāni suppavattīni suvinicchitāni suttaso anubyañjanaso. Kalyāṇavāco hoti kalyāṇavākkaraṇo. Yebhuyyena bhikkhunīnaṃ piyo hoti manāpo. Paṭibalo hoti bhikkhuniyo ovadituṃ. Na kho panetaṃ bhagavantaṃ uddissa pabbajitāya kāsāyavatthavasanāya garudhammaṃ ajjhāpannapubbo hoti. Vīsativasso vā hoti atirekavīsativasso vā’’ti (pāci. 147) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Imehi aṭṭhahi aṅgehi. <span class="bld">Pāsādikenā</span>ti pasādāvahena niddosena kāyavacīmanokammena. <span class="bld">Sampādetū</span>ti tividhaṃ sikkhaṃ sampādetu. Yadā pana tāhi bhikkhunīhi pātimokkhuddesakaṃyeva disvā ovādo yācito, tadā uposathagge sannipatitehi bhikkhusaṅghehi pubbakiccavasena ‘‘atthi kāci bhikkhuniyo ovādaṃ yācamānā’’ti pucchite ‘‘evaṃ vadehī’’ti attanā vattabbavacanaṃ aññena kathāpetvā ‘‘atthi koci bhikkhu bhikkhunovādako sammato’’tiādiṃ sayaṃ vatvā puna sayameva gantvā bhikkhunīnaṃ ārocetabbaṃ. Aññena vā bhikkhunā tasmiṃ divase pātimokkhaṃ uddisāpetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Ida</span>nti ‘‘tāhī’’ti bahuvacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ekato</span> saheva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ñattiṭṭhapakena vā</span>ti yattha tiṇṇaṃ vasanaṭṭhāne pātimokkhuddeso natthi, tattha ñattiṭṭhapanakena vā. <span class="bld">Itarena vā</span>ti yattha dve bhikkhū vasanti, eko vā, tattha itarena vā bhikkhunā sace sayameva sammato, ‘‘aha’’nti vattabbaṃ<a name="M0.0159"></a>. <span class="bld">Tathevā</span>ti uposathagge vuttasadisameva. <span class="bld">‘‘Ārocetvāvā’’</span>ti iminā anārocanaṃ paṭikkhipati. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, ovādo na ārocetabbo, yo na āroceyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti (cūḷava. 415) vacanato ovādaṃ gahetvā uposathagge anārocetuṃ na vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Parisuddhabhāva</span>nti āpattiyā parisuddhataṃ. <span class="bld">Ārocethā</span>ti āvi karotha. <span class="bld">Ettha siyā</span>ti ‘‘pātimokkhaṃ uddisissāmī’’ti etasmiṃ pade ayamanuyogo bhaveyya. Kiṃ taṃ, yaṃ siyāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘saṅgho uposathaṃ kareyyā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Pubbenāparaṃ sandhiyatī</span>ti pubbavacanena aparaṃ vacanaṃ sandhānaṃ gacchati. <span class="bld">Sāmaggiyā</span>ti kāyacittehi sahitatāya. <span class="bld">Gaṇassā</span>ti uddesakaṃ ṭhapetvā catuvagge sesabhikkhūnaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṅghassa uddiṭṭhaṃ hotī</span>ti saṅghena uddiṭṭhaṃ hoti. Karaṇatthe cetaṃ sāmivacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti pātimokkhuddese. <span class="bld">Lakkhaṇa</span>nti sabhāvo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Therā</span> <a name="V0.0151"></a> <span class="bld">ca navā ca majjhimā cā</span>ti ettha dasavassā, atirekadasavassā ca <span class="bld">therā</span>. Ūnapañcavassā <span class="bld">navā</span>. Pañcavassā, atirekapañcavassā ca <span class="bld">majjhimā</span>. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhiṃ katvā</span>ti attānaṃ tena pātimokkhena atthikaṃ katvā, taṃ vā pātimokkhaṃ ‘‘idaṃ mayhaṃ pātimokkha’’nti atthiṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Manasi karitvā</span>ti citte ṭhapetvā. <span class="bld">Sotadvāravasenā</span>ti sotadvārikajavanaviññāṇavasena. <span class="bld">Sabbacetasā samannāharāmā</span>ti cittassa thokampi bahi gantuṃ adentā sabbena cittena āvajjema, sallakkhemāti attho. <span class="bld">Manasi karomā</span>ti āvajjema, samannāharāmāti attho. So ca kho manasikāro na ettha ārammaṇappaṭipādanalakkhaṇo, atha kho vīthippaṭipādanajavanappaṭipādanamanasikārapubbakacitte ṭhapanalakkhaṇoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ekaggacittā hutvā citte ṭhapeyyāmā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Na sametī</span>ti na saṃgacchati. Kasmā na saṃgacchatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘samaggassa hī’’</span>tiādi. Kiñca bhiyyoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pātimokkhuddesako cā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Saṅghapariyāpanno</span>ti saṅghe pariyāpanno antogadho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni taṃ dassetunti sambandho. <span class="bld">Āyasmanto</span>ti sannipatitānaṃ piyavacanena ālapanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Alajjitā</span>ti <a name="M0.0160"></a> alajjitāya, alajjanabhāvenāti attho. Tatiyatthe hi idaṃ paccattavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Aññāṇatā’’</span>tiādīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Kukkuccappakatatā</span>ti kukkuccena abhibhūtatāya. <span class="bld">Satisammosā</span>ti sativippavāsato. <span class="bld">Vītikkama</span>nti sikkhāpadavītikkamanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sañciccā</span>ti sañcetetvā, akappiyabhāvaṃ jānantoyeva vītikkamacittaṃ pesetvāti attho. <span class="bld">Parigūhatī</span>ti nigūhati na deseti na vuṭṭhāti. Lajjāya parigūhanto alajjī na hoti, ‘‘kiṃ iminā’’ti anādariyena parigūhanto alajjī hotīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Agatigamanañca gacchatī</span>ti bhaṇḍabhājanīyaṭṭhānādīsu chandāgatiādibhedaṃ agatigamanañca gacchati. <span class="bld">Alajjipuggalo</span>ti ajjhattikasamuṭṭhānalajjāvirahito puggalo. Ettha ca ‘‘sañciccā’’ti iminā anādariyavaseneva āpattiṃ āpajjanto, āpannañca āpattiṃ parigūhanto, bhaṇḍabhājanīyaṭṭhānādīsu agatigamanaṃ gacchanto ca alajjī hoti, na itaroti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mando</span>ti mandapañño, apaññassevetaṃ nāmaṃ. <span class="bld">Momūho</span>ti atisaṃmūḷho. <span class="bld">Virādhetī</span>ti na rādheti na sādheti. <span class="bld">Kukkucce</span>ti vinayasaṃsaye. <span class="bld">Kappiyaṃ ce kattabbaṃ siyā</span>ti vinayadharaṃ pucchitvā tena vatthuṃ oloketvā mātikaṃ, padabhājanaṃ, antarāpattiṃ, anāpattiñca oloketvā ‘‘kappati, āvuso, mā ettha kaṅkhī’’ti vutte kattabbaṃ bhaveyya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sahaseyyacīvaravippavāsādīnī</span>ti <a name="V0.0152"></a> ettha <span class="bld">sahaseyyā</span> nāma anupasampannena uttaridirattatirattaṃ sahaseyyāpatti, <span class="bld">vippavāso</span> nāma ekarattachārattavasena vippavāso. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena sattāhātikkamādīsu āpattiṃ saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Sattannaṃ āpattikkhandhāna</span>nti pārājikasaṅghādisesathullaccayapācittiyapāṭidesanīyadukkaṭadubbhāsitasaṅkhātānaṃ sattannaṃ āpattikkhandhānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Desetu vā pakāsetu vā</span>ti saṅghamajjhe vā gaṇamajjhe vā ekapuggale vā desetu vā pakāsetu vā. Ettha ca <span class="bld">pārājikāpattidesanā</span> nāma bhikkhubhāvassa pariccāgo. Vuṭṭhānaṃ pana desanāvisesattā ‘‘desanā’’ti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Pakāsetu vā</span>ti ārocetu vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evaṃ anāpannā vā</span>ti evaṃ channaṃ ākārānaṃ aññatarena anāpannā vā. <span class="bld">Vuṭṭhitā vā</span>ti parivāsādinā vuṭṭhitā vā. <span class="bld">Ārocitā vā</span>ti āvikatā <a name="M0.0161"></a> vā. Ārocento ca ‘‘tuyhaṃ santike ekaṃ āpattiṃ āvikaromī’’ti vā ‘‘ācikkhāmī’’ti vā ‘‘ārocemī’’ti vā ‘‘mama ekaṃ āpattiṃ āpannabhāvaṃ jānāhī’’ti vā vadatu, ‘‘ekaṃ garukaṃ āpattiṃ āvikaromī’’ti vā ādinā nayena vadatu, sabbehipi ākārehi ārocitāva hoti. Sace pana garukāpattiṃ āvikaronto ‘‘lahukāpattiṃ āvikaromī’’tiādinā nayena vadati, anāvikatā hoti āpatti. Vatthuṃ āroceti, āpattiṃ āroceti, ubhayaṃ āroceti, tividhenāpi ārocitāva hoti. <span class="bld">Asantiyā āpattiyā</span>ti bhāvenabhāvalakkhaṇe bhummaṃ. <span class="bld">Tuṇhībhāvenāpi hī</span>ti ettha na kevalaṃ ‘‘āma, mayaṃ parisuddhā’’ti vutteyeva, atha kho tuṇhībhāvenāpīti <span class="bld">api</span>saddassa attho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kiṃ taṃ yāvatatiyānusāvitaṃ nāma, kathañcetaṃ yāvatatiyānusāvitaṃ hotīti vicāraṇāyaṃ ācariyānaṃ matibhedamukhena tamatthaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yāvatatiyaṃ anusāvitaṃ hotīti etthā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha yadetaṃ tikkhattuṃ anusāvitanti sambandho. <span class="bld">Atthabyañjanabhedato</span>ti arīyati ñāyatīti <span class="bld">attho,</span> abhidheyyaṃ, byañjīyati attho anenāti <span class="bld">byañjanaṃ,</span> akkharaṃ, attho ca byañjanañca <span class="bld">atthabyañjanāni,</span> tesaṃ bhedo <span class="bld">atthabyañjanabhedo,</span> tato, atthassa ca byañjanassa ca visadisattāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni tamevatthaṃ vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘anusāvanañhi nāmā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Hī</span>ti kāraṇatthe nipāto. Tassa pana ‘‘abhinna’’nti iminā sambandho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Tenā</span>ti bhinnattā. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti ‘‘yassa siyā’’tiādivacanattayassa. Avassañcetamevaṃ sampaṭicchitabbaṃ, aññathā atippasaṅgopi <a name="V0.0153"></a> siyāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yadi ceta’’</span>ntiādimāha. <span class="bld">Eta</span>nti ‘‘yassa siyā’’tiādivacanattayaṃ. Apare ‘‘anusāvita’’nti padaṃ na atītatthaṃ dīpeti, atha kho anāgatatthaṃ. Dhātvatthasambandho kālantaravihitopi paccayo kālantare sādhu hotīti vikappesuṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘apare ‘anusāvita’nti padassā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Upari uddesāvasāne</span>ti pārājikuddesāvasāne. <span class="bld">Atthayuttīnaṃ abhāvato</span>ti anāgatatthassa ca kāraṇassa ca abhāvato. Idāni tameva vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘idaṃ hī’’</span>tiādimāha. Kathametaṃ viññāyatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yadi cassā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Aya</span>nti <a name="M0.0162"></a> anāgatakālo. <span class="bld">Anusāvitaṃ hessatīti vadeyyā</span>ti anuppayogaṃ anāgatakālaṃ katvā ‘‘anusāvitaṃ hessatī’’ti buddho vadeyya. Ayaṃ hetthādhippāyo – yadi cettha dhātvatthasambandho <span class="bld">ta</span>-paccayo siyā, tathā sati dhātvatthasambandho nāma visesanavisesyabhāvo, so ca anuppayogassa samānatthabhāve sati uppajjati, nāsatīti ‘‘hessatī’’ti anuppayogaṃ vadeyya, na ca vuttaṃ. Tasmā anāgataṃ na dīpeti, atītakālameva dīpetīti. <span class="bld">Anusāviyamāneti vacanato</span>ti ‘‘anusāviyamāne’’ti vattamānakālavacanato. Yadi evaṃ ‘‘yāvatatiyaṃ anusāvitaṃ hotī’’ti kimidanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yāvatatiya’’</span>ntiādi. Kiṃ tena lakkhīyati, yenetaṃ lakkhaṇavacanamattaṃ siyāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tenā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Tenā</span>ti lakkhaṇavacanamattena hetunā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tadeta</span>nti pātimokkhaṃ. <span class="bld">Taṃ paneta</span>nti ‘‘tatthāyasmante pucchāmī’’tiādikaṃ yāvatatiyānusāvanaṃ. <span class="bld">Na dissatī</span>ti nopalabbhati. <span class="bld">Imameva ca attha</span>nti imaṃ amhehi vuttamevatthaṃ. Yadi hi ‘‘yassa siyā āpattī’’tiādivacanattayaṃ yāvatatiyānusāvanaṃ siyā, tadeva <span class="bld">uposathakkhandhake</span> (mahāva. 132 ādayo) vadeyya, na pana ‘‘sakimpi anusāvitaṃ hotī’’tiādikanti adhippāyo. Nanu cāyaṃ vinicchayo aṭṭhakathāsu na āgato, atha kuto laddhoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ayametthā’’</span>tiādi. Vinayaṭṭhānesu kataparicayānaṃ ācariyānaṃ taṃ taṃ atthaṃ ñāpentī paveṇi <span class="bld">ācariyaparamparā,</span> tāya ābhato ānīto <span class="bld">ācariyaparamparābhato</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nanu sampajānamusāvāde pācittiyena bhavitabbaṃ, atha kathaṃ dukkaṭāpatti hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sā ca kho na musāvādalakkhaṇenā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Sampajānamusāvāde kiṃ hotī</span>ti yvāyaṃ ‘‘sampajānamusāvādo assa hotī’’ti vutto, so āpattito kiṃ hoti, katarā āpatti hotīti attho. <span class="bld">Dukkaṭaṃ hotī</span>ti dukkaṭāpatti hoti. <span class="bld">Vacīdvāre akiriyasamuṭṭhānāpatti hotī</span>ti assa hi bhikkhuno adhammikāya paṭiññāya tuṇhībhūtassa nisinnassa manodvāre āpatti nāma natthi. Yasmā pana āvikātabbaṃ nāvikāsi, tenassa vacīdvāre akiriyato ayaṃ <a name="M0.0163"></a> āpatti samuṭṭhātīti <a name="V0.0154"></a> veditabbā. Idāni vuttamevatthaṃ pāḷiyā sādhetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vuttampi ceta’’</span>ntiādimāha. Etaṃ upālittherena parivāre sedamocanagāthāsu (pari. 479) vuttampi cāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anālapanto manujena kenaci vācā</span>ti kenaci manujena vācāya anālapanto. <span class="bld">Giraṃ no ca pare bhaṇeyyā</span>ti ‘‘iti ime sossantī’’ti parapuggale sandhāya saddampi na nicchāreyya. <span class="bld">Āpajjeyya vācasika</span>nti vācato samuṭṭhitaṃ āpattiṃ āpajjeyya. <span class="bld">Pañhāmesā kusalehi cintitā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">pañhāmesā</span>ti liṅgabyattayena vuttaṃ, eso pañho kusalehi cintitoti attho. Ayaṃ pañho imameva musāvādaṃ sandhāya vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Taṃtaṃsampattiyā vibandhanavasena sattasantānassa antare vemajjhe eti āgacchatīti <span class="bld">antarāyo,</span> diṭṭhadhammikādianattho, atikkamanaṭṭhena tasmiṃ antarāye niyutto, antarāyaṃ vā phalaṃ arahati, antarāyassa vā karaṇasīloti <span class="bld">antarāyiko</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vippaṭisāravatthutāyā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">vippaṭisāravatthutāyā</span>ti <span class="bld">vippaṭisāro</span> nāma pacchānutāpavasena cittavippaṭisāro, tassa kāraṇatāyāti attho. Paṭhamajjhānādipaccayabhūtaaappaṭisāraviruddhassa vippaṭisārassa paccayattāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Pāmojjādisambhava</span>nti dubbalataruṇā pīti pāmojjaṃ, taṃ ādi yesaṃ te <span class="bld">pāmojjādayo,</span> tesaṃ sambhavo paṭilābho <span class="bld">pāmojjādisambhavo,</span> taṃ. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena pītippassaddhādīnaṃ gahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭhamajjhānādīna</span>nti etthādisaddena pana ‘‘dutiyassa jhānassa adhigamāya antarāyiko, tatiyassa jhānassa adhigamāya antarāyiko, catutthassa jhānassa adhigamāya antarāyiko, jhānānaṃ, vimokkhānaṃ, samādhīnaṃ, samāpattīnaṃ, nekkhammānaṃ, nissaraṇānaṃ, pavivekānaṃ, kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ adhigamāya antarāyiko’’ti (mahāva. 135) vuttadutiyajjhānādīnaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. ‘‘Tasmā’’ti vutte <span class="bld">yaṃtaṃ</span>saddānaṃ abyabhicāritasambandhatāya ‘‘yasmā’’ti ayamattho upaṭṭhitoyeva hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tasmāti yasmā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Jānantenā</span>ti jānamānena. Imināssa sampajānamusāvādassa sacittakataṃ dasseti. Visuddhiṃ apekkhatīti <span class="bld">visuddhāpekkho,</span> tena <a name="M0.0164"></a> visuddhāpekkhena. Sā ca visuddhi idha vuṭṭhānādīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vuṭṭhātukāmena visujjhitukāmenā’’</span>ti. Vuṭṭhānagāminito saṅghādisesato vuṭṭhātukāmena, desanāgāminito visujjhitukāmenāti attho. <span class="bld">Saṅghamajjhe vā gaṇamajjhe vā ekapuggale vā</span>ti uposathagge saṅghassa ārocanavasena saṅghamajjhe vā tattheva ubhato nisinnānaṃ ārocanavasena gaṇamajjhe vā anantarassa ārocanavasena ekapuggale vā pakāsetabbā. <span class="bld">Ito vuṭṭhahitvā</span>ti ito uposathaggato vuṭṭhāya. Ettha pana sabhāgoyeva vattabbo. Visabhāgassa hi vuccamāne bhaṇḍanakalahasaṅghabhedādīnipi honti. Tasmā tassa avatvā ‘‘ito vuṭṭhahitvā <a name="V0.0155"></a> paṭikarissāmī’’ti ābhogaṃ katvā uposatho kātabboti <span class="bld">andhakaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> (mahāva. aṭṭha. 170) vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Karaṇatthe</span>ti tatiyāvibhattiatthe. Kattari hetaṃ paccattavacanaṃ hoti phāsusaddāpekkhāya. <span class="bld">Paccattavacana</span>nti paṭhamāvacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭhamajjhānādīnaṃ adhigamāya phāsu hotī</span>ti adhigamatthaṃ tassa bhikkhuno phāsu hoti sukhaṃ hoti saṃvarassa avippaṭisārahetuttā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘avippaṭisāramūlakāna’’</span>ntiādi. Pāpapuññānaṃ katākatavasena cittavippaṭisārābhāvo <span class="bld">avippaṭisāro,</span> so mūlaṃ kāraṇaṃ yesaṃ te avippaṭisāramūlā, avippaṭisāramūlāyeva <span class="bld">avippaṭisāramūlakā,</span> tesaṃ avippaṭisāramūlakānaṃ. <span class="bld">Sukhappaṭipadā sampajjatī</span>ti sukhā paṭipadā samijjhati, paṭhamajjhānādīnaṃ sukhena adhigamo hotīti adhippāyo. Hoti cettha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Nidāne ñattiṭṭhapanaṃ, pubbakiccassa pucchanaṃ;</p>
<p class="gatha1">Nidānuddesasavane, visuddhārocane vidhi;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Anārocane cāpatti, ñeyyaṃ piṇḍatthapañcaka’’nti.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti kaṅkhāvitaraṇiyā pātimokkhavaṇṇanāya</p>
<p class="centered">Vinayatthamañjūsāyaṃ līnatthappakāsaniyaṃ</p>
<p class="centered">Nidānavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter">Pārājikakaṇḍaṃ</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni <a name="M0.0165"></a><a name="V0.0156"></a> nidānuddesānantaraṃ vuttassa pārājikuddesassa atthaṃ saṃvaṇṇetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘idānī’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. <span class="bld">Nidānānantara</span>nti bhāvanapuṃsakaniddeso, nidānaṃ anantaraṃ katvāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti pārājikakaṇḍe. <span class="bld">Pātimokkhe</span>ti bhikkhupātimokkhe. <span class="bld">Cattāro</span>ti gaṇanaparicchedo ūnātirekabhāvanivattanato. <span class="bld">Pārājikā</span>ti sajātināmaṃ. <span class="bld">Āpattiyo</span>ti sabbasādhāraṇanāmaṃ. Uddisīyatīti <span class="bld">uddeso</span>. Bhāvappadhānoyaṃ niddeso. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘uddisitabbata’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Paṭhamapārājikavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yo panā</span>ti (pārā. aṭṭha. 1.45 bhikkhupadabhājanīyavaṇṇanā) ettha yasmā <span class="bld">panā</span>ti nipātamattaṃ, <span class="bld">yo</span>ti atthapadaṃ, tañca aniyamena puggalaṃ dīpeti. Tasmā tassa atthaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘yo kocī’’</span>ti āha. Yasmā pana yo yokoci nāma, so avassaṃ liṅgayuttajātināmagottasīlavihāragocaravayesu ekenākārena paññāyati, tasmā taṃ tathā ñāpetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘rassadīghādinā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena navakammādīnaṃ gahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Liṅgādibhedenā</span>ti liṅgīyatiñāyati etenāti <span class="bld">liṅgaṃ,</span> taṃ ādi yesaṃ teti <span class="bld">liṅgādayo,</span> tesaṃ bhedo <span class="bld">liṅgādibhedo,</span> tena liṅgādibhedena. Etthādisaddena pana yuttādīnaṃ gahaṇaṃ. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – <span class="bld">liṅgavasena</span> yādiso vā tādiso vā hotu, dīgho vā rasso vā kāḷo vā odāto vā maṅguracchavi vā kiso vā thūlo vā. <span class="bld">Yogavasena</span> yena vā tena vā yutto hotu, navakammayutto vā uddesayutto vā vāsadhurayutto vā. <span class="bld">Jātivasena</span> yaṃjacco vā taṃjacco vā hotu, khattiyo vā brāhmaṇo vā vesso vā suddho vā. <span class="bld">Nāmavasena</span> yathānāmo vā tathānāmo vā hotu, buddharakkhito vā dhammarakkhito vā saṅgharakkhito vā. <span class="bld">Gottavasena</span> yathāgotto vā tathāgotto vā hotu, kaccāyano vā vāsiṭṭho vā kosiyo vā. <span class="bld">Sīlesu</span> yathāsīlo vā tathāsīlo vā hotu, navakammasīlo vā uddesasīlo vā vāsadhurasīlo vā. <span class="bld">Vihāresu</span>pi yathāvihārī vā tathāvihārī vā <a name="V0.0157"></a> hotu, navakammavihārī vā uddesavihārī vā vāsadhuravihārī vā<a name="M0.0166"></a>. <span class="bld">Gocaresu</span>pi yathāgocaro vā tathāgocaro vā hotu, navakammagocaro vā uddesagocaro vā vāsadhuragocaro vā. <span class="bld">Vayesu</span>pi yo vā so vā hotu thero vā navo vā majjhimo vā, atha kho sabbova imasmiṃ atthe ‘‘yo’’ti vuccatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni <span class="bld">‘‘bhikkhū’’</span>ti padaṃ saṃvaṇṇetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ehibhikkhūpasampadā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha ‘‘ehi bhikkhū’’ti bhagavato vacanamattena bhikkhubhāvo <span class="bld">ehibhikkhūpasampadā</span>. ‘‘Buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmī’’tiādinā (mahāva. 105) nayena tikkhattuṃ vācaṃ bhinditvā vuttehi tīhi saraṇagamanehi upasampadā <span class="bld">saraṇagamanūpasampadā</span>. <span class="bld">Ovādappaṭiggahaṇūpasampadā</span> (pārā. aṭṭha. 1.45) nāma –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Tasmātiha te, kassapa, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ ‘tibbaṃ me hirottappaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ bhavissati theresu navesu majjhimesū’ti, evañhi te kassapa sikkhitabbaṃ. Tasmātiha te, kassapa, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ ‘yaṃ kiñci dhammaṃ suṇissāmi kusalūpasaṃhitaṃ, sabbaṃ taṃ aṭṭhiṃ katvā manasi karitvā sabbacetasā samannāharitvā ohitasoto dhammaṃ suṇissāmī’ti, evañhi te, kassapa, sikkhitabbaṃ. Tasmātiha te, kassapa, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ ‘sātasahagatā ca me kāyagatāsati na vijahissatī’ti, evañhi te, kassapa, sikkhitabba’’nti (saṃ. ni. 2.154) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Iminā ovādappaṭiggahaṇena mahākassapattherassa anuññātaupasampadā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pañhābyākaraṇūpasampadā</span> nāma sopākassa anuññātaupasampadā. Bhagavā kira pubbārāme anucaṅkamantaṃ sopākasāmaṇeraṃ ‘‘‘uddhumātakasaññā’ti vā sopāka ‘rūpasaññā’ti vā ime dhammā nānatthā nānābyañjanā, udāhu ekatthā byañjanameva nāna’’nti (pārā. aṭṭha. 1.45) dasa asubhanissite pañhe pucchi. So te byākāsi. Bhagavā tassa sādhukāraṃ datvā ‘‘kativasso tvaṃ, sopākā’’ti pucchi. Sattavassohaṃ bhagavāti. ‘‘Sopāka, tvaṃ mama sabbaññutaññāṇena saddhiṃ saṃsanditvā pañhe byākāsī’’ti āraddhacitto upasampadaṃ anujāni, ayaṃ pañhābyākaraṇūpasampadā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aṭṭhagarudhammapaṭiggahaṇūpasampadā</span> <a name="V0.0158"></a> nāma mahāpajāpatiyā aṭṭhagarudhammappaṭiggahaṇena anuññātaupasampadā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dūtenūpasampadā</span> <a name="M0.0167"></a> nāma aḍḍhakāsiyā gaṇikāya anuññātaupasampadā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aṭṭhavācikūpasampadā</span> nāma bhikkhuniyā bhikkhunisaṅghato ñatticatutthena, bhikkhusaṅghato ñatticatutthenāti imehi dvīhi kammehi upasampadā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ñatticatutthakammūpasampadā</span> nāma bhikkhūnaṃ etarahi upasampadā. <span class="bld">Ñatticatutthenā</span>ti tīhi anussāvanāhi, ekāya ca ñattiyāti evaṃ ñatticatutthena. Kiñcāpi hi ñatti sabbapaṭhamaṃ vuccati, tissannaṃ pana anussāvanānaṃ atthabyañjanabhedābhāvato atthabyañjanabhinnaṃ ñattiṃ tāsaṃ catutthanti katvā ‘‘ñatticatuttha’’nti vuccati. <span class="bld">Akuppenā</span>ti akopetabbataṃ, appaṭikkositabbatañca upagatena. <span class="bld">Ṭhānārahenā</span>ti kāraṇārahena satthu sāsanārahena. <span class="bld">Upasampanno</span> nāma uparibhāvaṃ samāpanno, pattoti attho. Bhikkhubhāvo hi uparibhāvo, tañcesa yathāvuttena kammena samāpannattā ‘‘upasampanno’’ti vuccati. Kasmā panettha imināva upasampanno idha gahito, nāññehīti? Vuccate – ehibhikkhūpasampadā antimabhavikānameva, saraṇagamanūpasampadā parisuddhānaṃ, ovādappaṭiggahaṇapañhābyākaraṇūpasampadā mahākassapasopākānaṃ, na ca te bhabbā pārājikādilokavajjaṃ āpajjituṃ, aṭṭhagarudhammappaṭiggahaṇādayo ca bhikkhunīnaṃyeva anuññātā. Ayañca bhikkhu, tasmā ñatticatuttheneva upasampadākammena upasampanno idha gahito, nāññehīti veditabbo. Paṇṇattivajjesu pana sikkhāpadesu aññepi ehibhikkhūpasampadāya upasampannādayo saṅgayhanti (sārattha. ṭī. 2.45 bhikkhupadabhājanīyavaṇṇanā). Vakkhati hi ‘‘paṇṇattivajjesu pana aññepi saṅgahaṃ gacchantī’’ti. Idāni ‘‘akuppena ṭhānārahena upasampanno’’ti saṃkhittena vuttamatthaṃ vitthāretvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tassa panā’’</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti tesu pañcasu. Vasati etthāti <span class="bld">vatthu,</span> ādhāro patiṭṭhā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘upasampadāpekkho puggalo’’</span>ti. Ūnāni aparipuṇṇāni vīsati vassāni assāti <span class="bld">ūnavīsativasso</span>. Ettha yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ upari sappāṇakavagge ūnavīsatisikkhāpade (kaṅkhā. aṭṭha. ūnavīsativassasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā) vaṇṇayissāma. <span class="bld">Tesū</span>ti paṇḍakādīsu ekādasasu abhabbapuggalesu. <span class="bld">Paṇḍako</span> (mahāva. aṭṭha. 109) panettha pañcavidho hoti āsittapaṇḍako, usūyapaṇḍako<a name="V0.0159"></a>, opakkamikapaṇḍako, napuṃsakapaṇḍako, pakkhapaṇḍakoti. Tesu āsittapaṇḍakassa ca usūyapaṇḍakassa <a name="M0.0168"></a> ca pabbajjā na vāritā, itaresaṃ tiṇṇaṃ vāritā. Tesupi pakkhapaṇḍakassa yasmiṃ pakkhe paṇḍako hoti, tasmiṃyevassa pakkhe pabbajjā vāritāti. Tayo cettha pabbajjūpasampadānaṃ abhabbatāya avatthū. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘āsittapaṇḍakañcā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha yassa paresaṃ aṅgajātaṃ mukhena gahetvā asucinā āsittassa pariḷāho vūpasammati, ayaṃ <span class="bld">āsittapaṇḍako</span>. Yassa paresaṃ ajjhācāraṃ passato usūyāya uppannāya pariḷāho vūpasammati, ayaṃ <span class="bld">usūyapaṇḍako</span>. Yassa upakkamena bījāni apanītāni, ayaṃ <span class="bld">opakkamikapaṇḍako</span> (vi. saṅga. aṭṭha. 135; vi. vi. ṭī. mahāvagga 2.109). Yo pana paṭisandhiyaṃyeva abhāvako uppanno, ayaṃ <span class="bld">napuṃsakapaṇḍako</span>. Ekacco pana akusalavipākānubhāvena kāḷapakkhe paṇḍako hoti, juṇhapakkhe panassa pariḷāho vūpasammati, ayaṃ <span class="bld">pakkhapaṇḍako</span>ti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Theyyena saṃvāso etassāti <span class="bld">theyyasaṃvāsako</span>. So ca na saṃvāsamattasseva thenako idhādhippeto, atha kho liṅgassa, tadubhayassa ca thenakopīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘theyyasaṃvāsako pana tividho’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Na bhikkhuvassāni gaṇetī</span>ti (mahāva. aṭṭha. 110) ‘‘ahaṃ dasavasso vā vīsativasso vā’’ti musā vatvā bhikkhuvassāni na gaṇeti. <span class="bld">Na yathāvuḍḍhaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ vā sāmaṇerānaṃ vā vandanaṃ sādiyatī</span>ti attanā musāvādaṃ katvā dassitavassānurūpena yathāvuḍḍhaṃ vandanaṃ nādhivāseti. <span class="bld">Na āsanena paṭibāhatī</span>ti ‘‘apehi, me etaṃ pāpuṇātī’’ti āsanena nappaṭibāhati. <span class="bld">Na uposathādīsu sandissatī</span>ti uposathappavāraṇādīsu na sandissati. <span class="bld">Liṅgamattassevā</span>ti evasaddena saṃvāsaṃ nivatteti. <span class="bld">Samāno</span>ti santo. <span class="bld">Liṅgānurūpassa saṃvāsassā</span>ti sāmaṇeraliṅgānurūpassa sāmaṇerasaṃvāsassa. Sace pana kāsāye dhuraṃ nikkhipitvā naggo vā odātavatthanivattho vā methunasevanādīhi assamaṇo hutvā kāsāyāni nivāseti, <span class="bld">liṅgatthenako</span> hoti. Sace gihibhāvaṃ patthayamāno kāsāyaṃ ovaṭṭikaṃ katvā, aññena vā ākārena gihinivāsanena nivāseti ‘‘sobhati nu kho me gihiliṅgaṃ, na sobhatī’’ti vīmaṃsanatthaṃ, rakkhati tāva, ‘‘sobhatī’’ti sampaṭicchitvā puna liṅgaṃ sādiyati, <span class="bld">liṅgatthenako</span> hoti. Odātaṃ nivāsetvā vīmaṃsanasampaṭicchanesupi eseva nayo<a name="M0.0169"></a>. Sacepi nivatthakāsāvassa upari odātaṃ nivāsetvā vīmaṃsati vā sampaṭicchati vā, rakkhati eva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Antimavatthuajjhāpannakepi eseva nayo</span>ti pārājikaṃ āpannake bhikkhumhipi eseva nayoti attho. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – sace koci bhikkhu kāsāye saussāhova odātaṃ nivāsetvā <a name="V0.0160"></a> methunaṃ paṭisevitvā puna kāsāyāni nivāsetvā vassagaṇanādibhedaṃ sabbaṃ vidhiṃ āpajjati, ayaṃ bhikkhūhi dinnaliṅgassa apariccattattā na liṅgatthenako, liṅgānurūpassa saṃvāsassa sāditattā nāpi saṃvāsatthenakoti. <span class="bld">Videsa</span>nti paradesaṃ. Idañca vañcetuṃ sakkuṇeyyaṭṭhānaṃ dassetuṃ vuttaṃ. Yo pana sadesepi evaṃ karoti, sopi saṃvāsatthenakova. ‘‘Saṃvāsamattassevā’’ti iminā liṅgaṃ paṭikkhipati. Sace koci vuḍḍhapabbajito (mahāva. aṭṭha. 110) bhikkhuvassāni gaṇetvā mahāpeḷādīsu diyyamānabhattaṃ gaṇhāti, sopi theyyasaṃvāsako hoti. Sayaṃ sāmaṇerova sāmaṇerappaṭipāṭiyā kūṭavassāni gaṇetvā gaṇhanto theyyasaṃvāsako na hoti. Bhikkhu pana bhikkhupaṭipāṭiyā kūṭavassāni gaṇetvā gaṇhanto bhaṇḍagghena kāretabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nanu saṃvāso nāma ekakammaṃ ekuddeso samasikkhatāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘bhikkhuvassagaṇanādiko hī’’</span>tiādi. Iminā na kevalaṃ ekakammādikova kiriyabhedo saṃvāsoti idhādhippeto, atha kho tadañño bhikkhuvassagaṇanādikopīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Imasmiṃ atthe</span>ti theyyasaṃvāsakādhikāre. <span class="bld">Sikkhaṃ paccakkhāyā</span>ti sikkhaṃ pariccajitvā. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – sace koci bhikkhu sikkhaṃ paccakkhāya liṅgaṃ anapanetvā dussīlakammaṃ katvā vā akatvā vā ‘‘na maṃ koci jānātī’’ti puna sabbaṃ pubbe vuttaṃ vassagaṇanādibhedaṃ vidhiṃ paṭipajjati, so theyyasaṃvāsako hotīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sace pana kassaci <span class="bld">rājā</span> kuddho hoti, so ‘‘evaṃ me sotthi bhavissatī’’ti sayameva liṅgaṃ gahetvā palāyati. Taṃ disvā rañño ārocenti. Rājā ‘‘sace pabbajito, na taṃ labbhā kiñci kātu’’nti tasmiṃ kodhaṃ paṭivineti. So ‘‘vūpasantaṃ me rājabhaya’’nti saṅghamajjhaṃ anosaritvāva <a name="M0.0170"></a> gihiliṅgaṃ gahetvā āgato pabbājetabbo. Athāpi ‘‘sāsanaṃ nissāya mayā jīvitaṃ laddhaṃ, handa dāni ahaṃ pabbajāmī’’ti uppannasaṃvego teneva liṅgena āgantvā āgantukavattaṃ na sādiyati, bhikkhūhi puṭṭho vā apuṭṭho vā yathābhūtamattānaṃ āvikatvāva pabbajjaṃ yācati, liṅgaṃ apanetvā pabbājetabbo. Sace pana vattaṃ sādiyati, pabbajitālayaṃ dasseti, sabbaṃ pubbe vuttaṃ vassagaṇanādibhedaṃ paṭipajjati, ayaṃ pana na pabbājetabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idha panekacco dubbhikkhe jīvituṃ asakkonto sayameva liṅgaṃ gahetvā sabbapāsaṇḍiyabhattāni <a name="V0.0161"></a> bhuñjanto dubbhikkhe vītivatte saṅghamajjhaṃ anosaritvāva gihiliṅgaṃ gahetvā āgatoti sabbaṃ purimasadisameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparo <span class="bld">mahākantāraṃ</span> nittharitukāmo hoti, satthavāho ca pabbajite gahetvā gacchati. So ‘‘evaṃ maṃ satthavāho gahetvā gamissatī’’ti sayameva liṅgaṃ gahetvā satthavāhena saddhiṃ kantāraṃ nittharitvā khemantaṃ patvā saṅghamajjhaṃ anosaritvāva gihiliṅgaṃ gahetvā āgatoti sabbaṃ purimasadisameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparo <span class="bld">rogabhaye</span> (mahāva. aṭṭha. 110; vi. saṅga. aṭṭha. 138) uppanne jīvituṃ asakkonto sayameva liṅgaṃ gahetvā sabbapāsaṇḍiyabhattāni bhuñjanto rogabhaye vūpasante saṅghamajjhaṃ anosaritvāva gihiliṅgaṃ gahetvā āgatoti sabbaṃ purimasadisameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparassa eko <span class="bld">veriko</span> kuddho hoti, ghātetukāmo naṃ vicarati. So ‘‘evaṃ me sotthi bhavissatī’’ti sayameva liṅgaṃ gahetvā palāyati. Veriko ‘‘kuhiṃ so’’ti pariyesanto ‘‘pabbajitvā palāto’’ti sutvā ‘‘sace pabbajito, na taṃ labbhā kiñci kātu’’nti tasmiṃ kodhaṃ paṭivineti. So ‘‘vūpasantaṃ me veribhaya’’nti saṅghamajjhaṃ anosaritvāva gihiliṅgaṃ gahetvā āgatoti sabbaṃ purimasadisameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparo ñātikulaṃ gantvā sikkhaṃ paccakkhāya gihī hutvā ‘‘imāni cīvarāni idha vinassissanti, sacepi imāni gahetvā vihāraṃ gamissāmi, antarāmagge maṃ ‘coro’ti gahessanti, yaṃnūnāhaṃ kāyaparihāriyāni katvā gaccheyya’’nti <span class="bld">cīvarāharaṇatthaṃ</span> nivāsetvā ca pārupitvā ca vihāraṃ gacchati. Taṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ disvā sāmaṇerā ca daharā ca abbhuggacchanti, vattaṃ <a name="M0.0171"></a> dassenti. So na sādiyati, yathābhūtamattānaṃ āvikaroti. Sace bhikkhū ‘‘na dāni mayaṃ taṃ muñcissāmā’’ti balakkārena pabbājetukāmā honti, kāsāyāni apanetvā puna pabbājetabbo. Sace pana ‘‘na ime mama hīnāyāvattabhāvaṃ jānantī’’ti taṃyeva bhikkhubhāvaṃ paṭijānitvā sabbaṃ pubbe vuttavassagaṇanādibhedaṃ vidhiṃ paṭipajjati, ayaṃ na pabbājetabbo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘rājadubbhikkhakantāra-rogaverībhayena vā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Bhaya</span>saddo cettha paccekaṃ yojetabbo ‘‘rājabhayena, dubbhikkhabhayenā’’tiādinā. <span class="bld">Liṅgaṃ ādiyatī</span>ti vesaṃ gaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Idhā</span>ti imasmiṃ sāsane. <span class="bld">Saṃvāsaṃ nādhivāseti, yāva so suddhamānaso</span>ti bhikkhūnaṃ vañcetukāmatāya abhāvato yo suddhamānaso yāva saṃvāsaṃ nādhivāseti, tāva esa ‘‘gihī maṃ <a name="V0.0162"></a> ‘samaṇo’ti jānantū’’ti vañcanacitte satipi bhikkhūnaṃ vañcetukāmatāya abhāvato doso natthīti theyyasaṃvāsako nāmāti na vuccatīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Titthiyesu pakkantako paviṭṭhoti <span class="bld">titthiyapakkantako</span>. So ca na kevalaṃ tattha paviṭṭhamatteneva titthiyapakkantako hoti, atha kho tesaṃ laddhiggahaṇena. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yo panā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">‘‘Upasampanno’’</span>ti iminā anupasampanno titthiyapakkantako na hotīti dasseti. Vuttañhetaṃ <span class="bld">kurundiaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> ‘‘ayañca titthiyapakkantako nāma upasampannabhikkhunā kathito, tasmā sāmaṇero saliṅgena titthāyatanaṃ gatopi puna pabbajjañca upasampadañca labhatī’’ti (mahāva. aṭṭha. 110). <span class="bld">Kusacīrādika</span>nti etthādisaddena phalakakkhaṇḍajaṭādīnaṃ gahaṇaṃ. Sacepi ‘‘ayaṃ pabbajjā seṭṭhā’’ti seṭṭhabhāvaṃ vā upagacchati, na muccati, titthiyapakkantakova hoti. <span class="bld">Vatānī</span>ti ukkuṭikappadhānādīni vatāni. Sace pana ‘‘sobhati nu kho me titthiyapabbajjā, nanu kho sobhatī’’ti vīmaṃsanatthaṃ kusacīrādīni nivāseti, jaṭaṃ vā bandhati, khārikājaṃ vā ādiyati, yāva na sampaṭicchati taṃ laddhiṃ, tāva rakkhati, sampaṭicchitamatte titthiyapakkantako hoti. Acchinnacīvaro pana kusacīrādīni nivāsento, rājabhayādīhi vā titthiyaliṅgaṃ gaṇhanto laddhiyā abhāvena neva titthiyapakkantako hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Avaseso sabbopī</span>ti nāgasupaṇṇayakkhagandhabbādiko. Yañhettha vattabbaṃ, taṃ heṭṭhā vuttameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā <a name="M0.0172"></a> samānajātikassa (sārattha. ṭī. mahāvagga 3.112) vikopane kammaṃ garutaraṃ, na tathā vijātikassāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘manussajātikā’’</span>ti. Puttasambandhena mātāpitusamaññā, dattakittimādivasenapi puttavohāro loke dissati, so ca kho pariyāyatoti nippariyāyasiddhataṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘janettī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Janettī</span>ti janikā, mātāti attho. Yathā manussattabhāve ṭhitasseva kusaladhammānaṃ tikkhavisadasūrabhāvāpatti, yathā taṃ tiṇṇampi bodhisattānaṃ bodhittayanipphattiyaṃ, evaṃ manussattabhāve ṭhitasseva akusaladhammānampi tikkhavisadasūrabhāvāpattīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘manussabhūtenevā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sañciccā</span>ti ‘‘pāṇo’’ti saññāya saddhiṃ vadhakacetanāya cetetvā. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ mātughātako nāmā</span>ti ayaṃ ānantariyena mātughātakakammena mātughātako nāma. Yena pana manussitthibhūtāpi ajanikā posāvanikamātā vā mahāmātā vā cūḷamātā vā janikāpi vā amanussitthibhūtā mātā ghātitā, tassa pabbajjā na vāritā, na ca ānantariko hoti. Yena sayaṃ tiracchānabhūtena manussitthibhūtā <a name="V0.0163"></a> mātā ghātitā, sopi ānantariko na hoti. Tiracchānagatattā panassa pabbajjā paṭikkhittā, kammaṃ panassa bhāriyaṃ hoti, ānantariyaṃ āhacceva tiṭṭhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yena manussabhūto janako pitā sayampi manussajātikeneva satā sañcicca jīvitā voropito, ayaṃ ānantariyena pitughātakakammena pitughātako nāmāti imamatthaṃ atidisanto <span class="bld">‘‘pitughātakepi eseva nayo’’</span>ti āha. Sacepi hi vesiyā putto hoti, ‘‘ayaṃ me pitā’’ti na jānāti, yassa sambhavena nibbatto, so ca tena ghātito, ‘‘pitughātako’’tveva saṅkhaṃ gacchati, ānantariyañca phusati (mahāva. aṭṭha. 114).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Eḷakacatukkaṃ (ma. ni. aṭṭha. 3.128; a. ni. aṭṭha. 1.1.275; vibha. aṭṭha. 809; sārattha. ṭī. mahāvagga 3.112), saṅgāmacatukkaṃ, coracatukkañcettha kathetabbaṃ. ‘‘Eḷakaṃ māremī’’ti abhisandhināpi hi eḷakaṭṭhāne ṭhitaṃ manussabhūtaṃ mātaraṃ vā pitaraṃ vā mārento ānantariyaṃ phusati māraṇādhippāyeneva ānantariyavatthuno vikopitattā. Eḷakābhisandhinā, pana mātāpitiabhisandhinā vā eḷakaṃ mārento ānantariyaṃ na phusati ānantariyavatthuabhāvato. Mātāpitiabhisandhinā mātāpitaro mārento phusateva<a name="M0.0173"></a>. Eseva nayo itarasmimpi catukkadvaye. Sabbattha hi purimaṃ abhisandhicittaṃ appamāṇaṃ, vadhakacittaṃ, pana tadārammaṇajīvitindriyañca ānantariyānānantariyabhāve pamāṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Arahantaghātakopi</span> manussaarahantavaseneva veditabboti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yena antamaso gihiliṅge ṭhitopī’’</span>tiādi. Amanussajātikaṃ pana arahantaṃ, manussajātikaṃ vā avasesaṃ ariyapuggalaṃ ghātetvā ānantariko na hoti, pabbajjāpissa na vāritā, kammaṃ pana balavaṃ hoti. Tiracchāno manussaarahantampi ghātetvā ānantariko na hoti, kammaṃ pana bhāriyanti ayamettha vinicchayo. Yathā mātāpitūsu, evaṃ arahantepi eḷakacatukkādīni veditabbāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pakatattaṃ bhikkhuni</span>nti parisuddhasīlaṃ ubhatosaṅghe upasampannaṃ bhikkhuniṃ. Yo (mahāva. aṭṭha. 115) pana kāyasaṃsaggena sīlavināsaṃ pāpeti, tassa pabbajjā ca upasampadā ca na vāritā. Balakkārena odātavatthavasanaṃ katvā anicchamānaṃyeva dūsentopi bhikkhunidūsakoyeva, balakkārena pana odātavatthavasanaṃ katvā icchamānaṃ dūsento bhikkhunidūsako na hoti. Kasmā? Yasmā gihibhāve sampaṭicchitamatteyeva sā abhikkhunī hoti<a name="V0.0164"></a>. Sakiṃ sīlavipannaṃ pana pacchā dūsento sikkhamānasāmaṇerīsu ca vippaṭipajjanto neva bhikkhunidūsako hoti, pabbajjaṃ, upasampadañca labhatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dhammato uggataṃ apagataṃ <span class="bld">uddhammaṃ. Ubbinaya</span>nti etthāpi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Catunnaṃ kammāna</span>nti apalokanañattiñattidutiyañatticatutthasaṅkhātānaṃ catunnaṃ kammānaṃ. Imesañhi aññataraṃ saṅghakammaṃ ekasīmāyaṃ visuṃ visuṃ karontena <span class="bld">saṅgho bhinno</span> nāma hoti. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘catunnaṃ kammānaṃ aññataravasena saṅghaṃ bhindatī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Duṭṭhacittenā’’ti vuttamevatthaṃ vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vadhakacittenā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Vadhakacetanāya hi dūsitaṃ cittaṃ idha <span class="bld">duṭṭhacittaṃ</span> nāma. <span class="bld">Lohitaṃ uppādetī</span>ti antosarīreyeva lohitaṃ uppādeti, sañcitaṃ karotīti adhippāyo. Na hi tathāgatassa abhejjakāyatāya parūpakkamena dhammaṃ bhinditvā lohitaṃ paggharati, sarīrassa pana antoyeva ekasmiṃ ṭhāne lohitaṃ samosarati, āghātena pakuppamānaṃ sañcitaṃ hoti, taṃ sandhāyetaṃ <a name="M0.0174"></a> vuttaṃ. Yo pana rogavūpasamanatthaṃ jīvako viya satthena phāletvā pūtimaṃsañca lohitañca nīharitvā phāsukaṃ karoti, ayaṃ lohituppādako na hoti, bahuṃ pana so puññaṃ pasavati (mahāva. aṭṭha. 115).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Duvidhampi byañjana</span>nti yathāvuttakammadvayato samuṭṭhitaṃ itthinimittaṃ, purisanimittañcāti duvidhampi byañjanaṃ. Iminā ca viggahena <span class="bld">‘‘ubhatobyañjanako’’</span>ti asamānādhikaraṇavisayo bāhiratthasamāsoyaṃ, purimapade ca vibhattialopoti dasseti. So duvidho hoti itthiubhatobyañjanako, purisaubhatobyañjanako cāti. Tattha itthiubhatobyañjanakassa itthinimittaṃ pākaṭaṃ hoti, purisanimittaṃ paṭicchannaṃ. Purisaubhatobyañjanakassa purisanimittaṃ pākaṭaṃ, itthinimittaṃ paṭicchannaṃ. Itthiubhatobyañjanakassa itthīsu purisattaṃ karontassa itthinimittaṃ paṭicchannaṃ hoti, purisanimittaṃ pākaṭaṃ hoti. Purisaubhatobyañjanakassa purisānaṃ itthibhāvaṃ upagacchantassa purisanimittaṃ paṭicchannaṃ hoti, itthinimittaṃ pākaṭaṃ hoti. Itthiubhatobyañjanako sayañca gabbhaṃ gaṇhāti, parañca gaṇhāpeti. Purisaubhatobyañjanako pana sayaṃ na gaṇhāti, paraṃ gaṇhāpetīti idametesaṃ nānākaraṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aparāmasanānī</span>ti aggahaṇāni avacanāni. <span class="bld">‘‘Ayaṃ itthannāmo’’</span>ti <span class="bld">upasampadāpekkhassa akittana</span>nti yassa upasampadā karīyati, tassa akittanaṃ, ‘‘suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho, ayaṃ dhammarakkhito āyasmato buddharakkhitassa upasampadāpekkho’’ti vattabbe ‘‘ayaṃ dhammarakkhito’’ti (pari. aṭṭha. 484) <a name="V0.0165"></a> avacananti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">‘‘Itthannāmassa upasampadāpekkho’’ti upajjhāyassa akittana</span>nti ‘‘suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho, ayaṃ dhammarakkhito āyasmato buddharakkhitassa upasampadāpekkho’’ti vattabbe ‘‘suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho, ayaṃ dhammarakkhito upasampadāpekkho’’ti vatvā ‘‘āyasmato buddharakkhitassā’’ti avacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbena sabbaṃ ñattiyā anuccāraṇa</span>nti ñattiṃ aṭṭhapetvā catukkhattuṃ kammavācāya eva anussāvanakammassa karaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Sampanna</span>nti upetaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Hāpanaṃ</span> pariccajanaṃ. Yopi ekaṃ ñattiṃ ṭhapetvā sakiṃyeva vā dvikkhattuṃ vā anussāvanaṃ karoti, ayampi sāvanaṃ hāpetiyeva. <span class="bld">Duruccāraṇaṃ</span> nāma aññasmiṃ <a name="M0.0175"></a> akkhare vattabbe aññassa vacanaṃ. Tasmā kammavācaṃ karontena bhikkhunā yvāyaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Sithilaṃ dhanitañca dīgharassaṃ;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Garukaṃ lahukañceva niggahītaṃ;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Sambandhavavatthitaṃ vimuttaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Dasadhā byañjanabuddhiyā pabhedo’’ti. (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 1.190; ma. ni. aṭṭha. 1.291; a. ni. aṭṭha. 2.3.64, pari. aṭṭha. 485; vi. saṅga. aṭṭha. 252) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Vutto, ayaṃ suṭṭhu upalakkhetabbo. Ettha hi <span class="bld">sithilaṃ</span> nāma pañcasu vaggesu paṭhamatatiyaṃ. <span class="bld">Dhanitaṃ</span> nāma tesveva dutiyacatutthaṃ. <span class="bld">Dīgha</span>nti dīghena kālena vattabbaṃ <span class="bld">ā</span>-kārādi. <span class="bld">Rassa</span>nti tato upaḍḍhakālena vattabbaṃ <span class="bld">a</span>-kārādi. <span class="bld">Garuka</span>nti dīghameva, yaṃ vā ‘‘āyasmato buddharakkhitattherassa yassa nakkhamatī’’ti evaṃ saṃyogaparaṃ katvā vuccati. <span class="bld">Lahuka</span>nti rassameva, yaṃ vā ‘‘āyasmato buddharakkhitattherassa yassa na khamatī’’ti evaṃ asaṃyogaparaṃ katvā vuccati. <span class="bld">Niggahīta</span>nti yaṃ karaṇāni niggahetvā avissajjetvā avivaṭena mukhena sānunāsikaṃ katvā vattabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Sambandha</span>nti yaṃ parapadena sambandhitvā ‘‘tuṇhissā’’ti vā ‘‘tuṇhassā’’ti vā vuccati. <span class="bld">Vavatthita</span>nti yaṃ parapadena sambandhaṃ akatvā vicchinditvā ‘‘tuṇhī assā’’ti vā ‘‘tuṇha assā’’ti vā vuccati. <span class="bld">Vimutta</span>nti yaṃ karaṇāni aniggahetvā vissajjetvā vivaṭena mukhena anunāsikaṃ akatvā vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha ‘‘suṇātu me’’ti vattabbe <span class="bld">ta</span>-kārassa <span class="bld">tha</span>-kāraṃ katvā ‘‘suṇāthu me’’ti vacanaṃ <span class="bld">sithilassa</span> <a name="V0.0166"></a> <span class="bld">dhanitakaraṇaṃ</span> nāma, tathā ‘‘pattakallaṃ esā ñattī’’ti vattabbe ‘‘patthakallaṃ esā ñattī’’tiādivacanañca. ‘‘Bhante, saṅgho’’ti vattabbe <span class="bld">bha</span>-kāra <span class="bld">gha</span>-kārānaṃ <span class="bld">ba</span>-kāra <span class="bld">ga</span>-kāre katvā ‘‘bante saṃgo’’ti vacanaṃ <span class="bld">dhanitassa sithilakaraṇaṃ</span> nāma. ‘‘Suṇātu me’’ti vivaṭena mukhena vattabbe ‘‘suṇaṃtu me’’ti vā ‘‘esā ñattī’’ti vattabbe ‘‘esaṃ ñattī’’ti vā avivaṭena mukhena anunāsikaṃ katvā vacanaṃ <span class="bld">vimuttassa niggahitavacanaṃ</span> nāma. ‘‘Pattakalla’’nti avivaṭena mukhena anunāsikaṃ katvā vattabbe ‘‘pattakallā’’ti vivaṭena mukhena anunāsikaṃ akatvā vacanaṃ <span class="bld">niggahitassa vimuttavacanaṃ</span> nāma. Iti sithile kattabbe dhanitaṃ, dhanite kattabbe sithilaṃ, vimutte kattabbe niggahitaṃ, niggahite kattabbe vimuttanti imāni cattāri byañjanāni <a name="M0.0176"></a> antokammavācāya kammaṃ dūsenti. Evaṃ vadanto hi aññasmiṃ akkhare vattabbe aññaṃ vadati, duruttaṃ karotīti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Itaresu pana dīgharassādīsu chasu byañjanesu dīghaṭṭhāne dīghameva. Rassaṭṭhāne ca rassamevāti evaṃ yathāṭhāne taṃ tadeva akkharaṃ bhāsantena anukkamāgataṃ paveṇiṃ avināsentena kammavācā kātabbā. Sace pana evaṃ akatvā dīghe vattabbe rassaṃ, rasse vā vattabbe dīghaṃ vadati, tathā garuke vattabbe lahukaṃ, lahuke vā vattabbe garukaṃ vadati, sambandhe vā pana vattabbe vavatthitaṃ, vavatthite vā vattabbe sambandhaṃ vadati, evaṃ vuttepi kammavācā na kuppati. Imāni hi cha byañjanāni kammaṃ na kopenti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yaṃ pana suttantikattherā <span class="bld">‘‘da</span>-kāro <span class="bld">ta</span>-kāramāpajjati, <span class="bld">ta</span>-kāro <span class="bld">da</span>-kāramāpajjati, <span class="bld">ca</span>-kāro <span class="bld">ja</span>-kāramāpajjati, <span class="bld">ja</span>-kāro <span class="bld">ca</span>-kāramāpajjati, <span class="bld">ya</span>-kāro <span class="bld">ka</span>-kāramāpajjati, <span class="bld">ka</span>-kāro <span class="bld">ya</span>-kāramāpajjati, tasmā <span class="bld">da</span>-kārādīsu vattabbesu <span class="bld">ta</span>-kārādīnaṃ vacanaṃ na virujjhatī’’ti vadanti, taṃ kammavācaṃ patvā na vaṭṭati. Tasmā vinayadharena neva <span class="bld">da</span>-kāro <span class="bld">ta</span>-kāro kātabbo…pe… na <span class="bld">ka</span>-kāro <span class="bld">ya</span>-kāro. Yathāpāḷiyā niruttiṃ sodhetvā dasavidhāya byañjananiruttiyā vuttadose pariharantena kammavācā kātabbā. Itarathā hi sāvanaṃ hāpeti nāma. Ñattiṃ aṭṭhapetvā paṭhamaṃ anussāvanakaraṇanti sambandho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yāvatikā bhikkhū kammappattā</span>ti yattakā bhikkhū tassa upasampadākammassa pattā yuttā anurūpā. Te ca kho sabbantimena pariyāyena hatthapāsaṃ avijahitvā ekasīmaṭṭhā pañca pakatattā bhikkhū. Na hi tehi vinā taṃ kammaṃ karīyati, na tesaṃ chando eti. Avasesā pana sacepi sahassamattā honti, sace ekasīmaṭṭhā ekasmiṃ ṭhāne samānasaṃvāsakā, sabbe chandārahāva <a name="V0.0167"></a> honti, chandaṃ datvā āgacchantu vā, mā vā, kammaṃ na kuppati. <span class="bld">Paṭikkosana</span>nti nivāraṇaṃ. Tiṭṭhati ettha phalaṃ tadāyattavuttitāyāti <span class="bld">ṭhānaṃ,</span> kāraṇaṃ. Idha pana upasampadākammakaraṇassa kāraṇattā upasampadākammavācāsaṅkhātaṃ bhagavato vacanaṃ vuccati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kāraṇārahattā pana satthu sāsanārahattā’’</span>ti. Yathā ca ‘‘taṃ kattabba’’nti bhagavatā anusiṭṭhaṃ, tathākaraṇaṃ upasampadākammassa kāraṇaṃ hotīti <a name="M0.0177"></a> <span class="bld">ṭhānārahaṃ</span> nāma. Keci (sārattha. ṭī. 2.45) pana <span class="bld">‘‘ṭhānārahenā</span>ti ettha ‘na, bhikkhave, hatthacchinno pabbājetabbo’tiādi (mahāva. 119) satthusāsanaṃ ṭhāna’’nti vadanti. <span class="bld">Idhāti</span> imasmiṃ pārājike. Yathā ca idha, evaṃ sabbatthāpi lokavajjasikkhāpadesu ayameva adhippetoti veditabbaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘paṇṇattivajjesu panā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Aññepī</span>ti ehibhikkhūpasampannādayopi. Kathametaṃ viññāyati paṇṇattivajjesu sikkhāpadesu aññepi saṅgahaṃ gacchantīti? Atthato āpannattā. Tathā hi ‘‘dve puggalā abhabbā āpattiṃ āpajjituṃ buddhā ca paccekabuddhā ca, dve puggalā bhabbā āpattiṃ āpajjituṃ bhikkhū ca bhikkhuniyo cā’’ti (pari. 322) sāmaññato vuttattā. Ehibhikkhūpasampannādayopi asañcicca assatiyā acittakaṃ sahaseyyāpattiādibhedaṃ paṇṇattivajjaṃ āpajjantīti (sārattha. ṭī. 2.45) atthato āpannaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni ‘‘bhikkhūna’’nti imaṃ padaṃ visesatthābhāvato visuṃ avaṇṇetvāva yaṃ sikkhañca sājīvañca samāpannattā bhikkhūnaṃ sikkhāsājīvasamāpanno hoti, taṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘bhikkhūnaṃ sikkhāsājīvasamāpanno’’</span>tiādimāha. Sikkhitabbāti <span class="bld">sikkhā,</span> pātimokkhasaṃvarasīlaṃ, saha jīvanti etthāti <span class="bld">sājīvaṃ,</span> mātikādibhedā paṇṇatti, sikkhā ca sājīvañca <span class="bld">sikkhāsājīvaṃ,</span> tadubhayaṃ samāpanno upagatoti <span class="bld">sikkhāsājīvasamāpanno</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yā bhikkhūna’’</span>ntiādi. Ettha ca ‘‘sikkhā’’ti sājīvasahacariyato adhisīlasikkhāva adhippetāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘adhisīlasaṅkhātā’’</span>ti. Adhikaṃ uttamaṃ sīlanti <span class="bld">adhisīlaṃ,</span> ‘‘adhisīla’’nti saṅkhātā <span class="bld">adhisīlasaṅkhātā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Katamaṃ panettha sīlaṃ, katamaṃ adhisīlanti? Vuccate – pañcaṅgadasaṅgasīlaṃ tāva sīlameva, na taṃ adhisīlaṃ. Pātimokkhasaṃvarasīlaṃ pana adhisīla’’nti vuccati. Tañhi sūriyo viya pajjotānaṃ, sineru viya ca pabbatānaṃ sabbalokiyasīlānaṃ adhikañceva uttamañca, buddhuppādeyeva ca pavattati, na vinā buddhuppādā. Na hi taṃ paññattiṃ uddharitvā añño satto paññāpetuṃ sakkoti, buddhāyeva panassa sabbaso kāyavacīdvārajjhācārasotaṃ chinditvā tassa tassa vītikkamassa anucchavikaṃ taṃ taṃ sīlasaṃvaraṃ paññāpenti. Pātimokkhasaṃvarasīlatopi <a name="V0.0168"></a> ca maggaphalasampayuttameva sīlaṃ adhisīlaṃ, taṃ pana idha na adhippetaṃ. Na hi taṃ samāpanno methunadhammaṃ paṭisevati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ete</span>ti <a name="M0.0178"></a> nānādesajātigottādibhedabhinnā bhikkhū. <span class="bld">Saha jīvantī</span>ti ekuddesādivasena saha pavattanti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ekajīvikā sabhāgavuttino’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sikkhāpadasaṅkhāta</span>nti paṇṇattisaṅkhātaṃ. Sāpi hi viratiādīnaṃ dīpanato ‘‘sikkhāpada’’nti vuccati. Vuttampi cetaṃ ‘‘sikkhāpadanti yo tattha nāmakāyo padakāyo niruttikāyo byañjanakāyo’’ti. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti tesu. <span class="bld">Sikkhaṃ paripūrento</span>ti akattabbaparivajjanakattabbakaraṇavasena vārittacārittasaṅkhātaṃ duvidhaṃ sīlaṃ paripūrentoti attho, vārittasīlavasena viratisampayuttacetanaṃ, cārittasīlavasena virativippayuttacetanañca attani pavattentoti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Sājīvañca avītikkamanto</span>ti sikkhāpadañca amaddanto, sīlasaṃvaraṇaṃ, sājīvānatikkamanañcāti idameva dvayaṃ idha samāpajjanaṃ nāmāti adhippāyo. Tattha sājīvānatikkamo sikkhāpāripūriyā paccayo. Tassānatikkamanato hi yāva maggā sikkhā paripūrati. Apicettha ‘‘sikkhaṃ paripūrento’’ti iminā viraticetanāsaṅkhātassa sīlasaṃvarassa visesato santāne pavattanakālova gahito, ‘‘avītikkamanto’’ti iminā pana appavattanakālopi. Sikkhañhi paripūraṇavasena attani pavattentopi niddādivasena appavattentopi vītikkamābhāvā sikkhanavasena samāpannoti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā sikkhāpaccakkhānassa ekaccaṃ dubbalyāvikammaṃ attho hoti, tasmā taṃ sandhāya ‘‘sikkhaṃ apaccakkhāyā’’ti padassa atthaṃ vivaranto ‘‘dubbalyaṃ anāvikatvā’’ti āhāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sikkhaṃ apaccakkhāya dubbalyaṃ anāvikatvā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha siyā (pārā. aṭṭha. 1.45 sikkhāpaccakkhānavibhaṅgavaṇṇanā), yasmā na sabbaṃ dubbalyāvikammaṃ sikkhāpaccakkhānaṃ, tasmā ‘‘dubbalyaṃ anāvikatvā’’ti paṭhamaṃ vatvā tassa atthaniyamanatthaṃ ‘‘sikkhaṃ apaccakkhāyā’’ti vattabbanti? Taṃ na, kasmā? Atthānukkamābhāvato. ‘‘Sikkhāsājīvasamāpanno’’ti hi vuttattā yaṃ sikkhaṃ samāpanno, taṃ apaccakkhāya, yañca sājīvaṃ samāpanno, tattha dubbalyaṃ anāvikatvāti vuccamāne anukkameneva attho vutto hoti, na aññathā. Tasmā idameva paṭhamaṃ vuttanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni tadubhayameva pākaṭaṃ katvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tatthā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Tadabhāvenā</span>ti tesaṃ cittādīnaṃ abhāvena. <span class="bld">Cavitukāmatācittenā</span>ti apagantukāmatācittena<a name="M0.0179"></a>. <span class="bld">Davā</span>ti sahasā. Yo hi <a name="V0.0169"></a> aññaṃ bhaṇitukāmo sahasā ‘‘buddhaṃ paccakkhāmī’’ti bhaṇati, ayaṃ <span class="bld">davā vadati</span> nāma. <span class="bld">Ravā</span>ti virajjhitvā. Yo hi aññaṃ bhaṇitukāmo virujjhitvā ‘‘buddhaṃ paccakkhāmī’’ti bhaṇati, ayaṃ <span class="bld">ravā bhaṇati</span> nāma. Purimena ko visesoti ce? Purimaṃ paṇḍitassāpi sahasāvasena aññabhaṇanaṃ, idaṃ pana mandattā momūhattā pakkhalantassa ‘‘aññaṃ bhaṇissāmī’’ti aññabhaṇanaṃ. ‘‘Akkharasamayānabhiññātatāya vā karaṇasampattiyā abhāvato vā kathetabbaṃ kathetumasakkonto hutvā aññaṃ kathento <span class="bld">ravā bhaṇati</span> nāmā’’ti (sārattha. ṭī. 2.54) eke.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vajjāvajjaṃ upanijjhāyatīti <span class="bld">upajjhāyo,</span> taṃ upajjhāyaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Evaṃ</span> sajjhāyitabbaṃ, evaṃ abhikkamitabba’’ntiādinā ācārasikkhāpanako <span class="bld">ācariyo</span>. Ante samīpe vasati sīlenāti <span class="bld">antevāsī,</span> vibhattialopena yathā ‘‘vanekaserukā’’ti. Samāno upajjhāyo assāti <span class="bld">samānupajjhāyako</span>. Evaṃ <span class="bld">samānācariyako. Sabrahmacāri</span>nti bhikkhuṃ. So hi ‘‘ekakammaṃ, ekuddeso, samasikkhatā’’ti imaṃ brahmaṃ samānaṃ carati, tasmā ‘‘sabrahmacārī’’ti vuccati. <span class="bld">Evaṃ vuttāna</span>nti evaṃ padabhājanīye vuttānaṃ. Yathā hi loke sassānaṃ viruhanaṭṭhānaṃ ‘‘khetta’’nti vuccati, evamimānipi buddhādīni padāni sikkhāpaccakkhānassa viruhanaṭṭhānatthā <span class="bld">‘‘khetta’’</span>nti vuccantīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘imesaṃ dvāvīsatiyā khettapadāna’’</span>nti. Yasmā panetesaṃ vevacanehipi sikkhāpaccakkhānaṃ hoti, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘savevacanassā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Vividhaṃ ekasmiṃyeva atthe vacanaṃ vivacanaṃ, vivacanameva <span class="bld">vevacanaṃ,</span> pariyāyanāmaṃ, saha vevacanehīti <span class="bld">savevacanaṃ,</span> tassa savevacanassa. Ettha ca <span class="bld">vaṇṇapaṭṭhāne</span> (sārattha. ṭī. 2.52; vi. vi. ṭī. 1.53; vajira. ṭī. 53) āgataṃ nāmasahassaṃ, <span class="bld">upāligāthāsu</span> (ma. ni. 2.76) nāmasataṃ, aññāni ca guṇato labbhamānāni nāmāni ‘‘buddhavevacanānī’’ti veditabbāni. Sabbānipi dhammassa nāmāni ‘‘dhammavevacanānī’’ti veditabbāni. Esa nayo sabbattha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tesu yaṃ kiñci vattukāmassa yaṃ kiñci vadato sikkhāpaccakkhānaṃ hotī</span>ti tesu dvāvīsatiyā khettapadesu yaṃ kiñci ekaṃ padaṃ vattukāmassa tato aññaṃ yaṃ kiñci padampi vacībhedaṃ katvā vadato khettapadantogadhattā sikkhāpaccakkhānaṃ <a name="M0.0180"></a> hotīti attho. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – sace panāyaṃ ‘‘buddhaṃ paccakkhāmī’’ti vattukāmo padapaccābhaṭṭhaṃ katvā ‘‘paccakkhāmi buddha’’nti vā vadeyya, milakkhabhāsādīsu vā aññatarabhāsāya tamatthaṃ vadeyya, ‘‘buddhaṃ paccakkhāmī’’ti vattukāmo uppaṭipāṭiyā ‘‘dhammaṃ paccakkhāmī’’ti vā ‘‘sabrahmacāriṃ paccakkhāmī’’ti vā vadeyya, seyyathāpi uttarimanussadhammavibhaṅge ‘‘paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ samāpajjāmī’’ti <a name="V0.0170"></a> vattukāmo ‘‘dutiyaṃ jhāna’’nti vadati. Sace ‘‘yassa vadati, so ayaṃ bhikkhubhāvaṃ cajitukāmo etamatthaṃ vadatī’’ti ettakamattampi jānāti, viraddhaṃ nāma natthi, khettameva otiṇṇaṃ, paccakkhātāva hoti sikkhā. Sakkattā vā brahmattā vā cutasatto viya cutova hoti sāsanāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ala</span>nti (pārā. aṭṭha. 1.52) hotu, pariyattanti attho. <span class="bld">Kiṃ nu me</span>ti kiṃ mayhaṃ kiccaṃ, kiṃ karaṇīyaṃ, kiṃ sādhetabbanti attho. <span class="bld">Na mamattho</span>ti natthi mama attho. <span class="bld">Sumuttāha</span>nti suṭṭhu mutto ahaṃ. <span class="bld">Purimehi cuddasahi padehī</span>ti buddhādīhi sabrahmacāripariyantehi purimehi cuddasahi padehi. <span class="bld">Yannūnāhaṃ paccakkheyya</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">‘‘yannūnā’’</span>ti parivitakkadassane nipāto. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – ‘‘sacāhaṃ buddhaṃ paccakkheyyaṃ, sādhu vata me siyā’’ti. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena ‘‘paccakkhi’’nti vā ‘‘paccakkhissāmī’’ti vā ‘‘bhavissāmī’’ti vā ‘‘homī’’ti vā ‘‘jātomhī’’ti vā ‘‘amhī’’ti vā evaṃbhūtānaṃ gahaṇaṃ. Sace pana ‘‘ajja paṭṭhāya ‘gihī’ti maṃ dhārehī’’ti vā ‘‘jānāhī’’ti vā ‘‘sañjānāhī’’ti vā ‘‘manasi karohī’’ti vā vadati, ariyakena vā vadati, milakkhakena vā. Evametasmiṃ atthe vutte yassa vadati, sace so jānāti, paccakkhātā hoti sikkhā. Esa nayo sesesupi ‘‘upāsako’’tiādīsu sattasu padesu. Ettha ca <span class="bld">ariyakaṃ</span> nāma māgadhavohāro. <span class="bld">Milakkhakaṃ</span> nāma anariyako andhadamiḷādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Akkharalikhana</span>nti ‘‘buddhaṃ paccakkhāmī’’tiādinā aññesaṃ dassanatthaṃ akkharalikhanaṃ. Adhippāyaviññāpako aṅgulisaṅkocanādiko hatthavikāro <span class="bld">hatthamuddā, hattha</span>saddo cettha tadekadesesu aṅgulīsu daṭṭhabbo ‘‘na bhuñjamāno sabbaṃ hatthaṃ mukhe pakkhipissāmī’’tiādīsu (pāci. 618) viya. Tasmā adhippāyaviññāpakassa aṅgulisaṅkocanādino hatthavikārassa dassanaṃ <span class="bld">hatthamuddādidassana</span>nti <a name="M0.0181"></a> (sārattha. ṭī. 2.51) evamettha attho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena sīsakampanadassanādiṃ saṅgaṇhāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ummattakakhittacittavedanāṭṭāna</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">ummattako</span>ti pittummattako. <span class="bld">Khittacitto</span>ti yakkhehi katacittavikkhepo, yakkhummattakoti vuttaṃ hoti. Ubhinnaṃ pana viseso anāpattivāre āvibhavissati. <span class="bld">Vedanāṭṭo</span>ti balavatiyā dukkhavedanāya phuṭṭho mucchāpareto, tena vippalapantena paccakkhātāpi apaccakkhātāva hoti. <span class="bld">Manussajātiko hotī</span>ti sabhāgo vā visabhāgo vā gahaṭṭho vā pabbajito vā viññū yokoci manusso hoti. <span class="bld">Ummattakādīna</span>nti etthādisaddena khittacittavedanāṭṭadevatātiracchānagatānaṃ gahaṇaṃ. Tatra ummattakakhittacittavedanāṭṭatiracchānagatānaṃ santike paccakkhātāpi ajānanabhāvena apaccakkhātāva hoti. Devatāya pana santike atikhippaṃ jānanabhāvena. Devatā nāma mahāpaññā tihetukappaṭisandhikā atikhippaṃ jānanti, cittañca nāmetaṃ lahuparivattaṃ, tasmā ‘‘cittalahukassa puggalassa cittavaseneva mā atikhippaṃ vināso ahosī’’ti devatāya santike <a name="V0.0171"></a> sikkhāpaccakkhānaṃ paṭikkhipi. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘na ca ummattakādīnaṃ aññataro’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Dūtena vā</span>ti ‘‘mama sikkhāpaccakkhānabhāvaṃ kathehī’’ti mukhasāsanavasena dūtena vā. <span class="bld">Paṇṇena vā</span>ti paṇṇe likhitvā pahiṇavasena paṇṇena vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sace te sikkhāpaccakkhānabhāvaṃ jānantīti sambandho. <span class="bld">Āvajjanasamaye</span>ti atthābhogasamaye. Iminā taṃ khaṇaṃyeva pana apubbaṃ acarimaṃ dujjānanti dasseti. <span class="bld">Vacanānantaramevā</span>ti vacanassa anantarameva, āvajjanasamayevāti attho. <span class="bld">Eva</span>-saddena pana cirena jānanaṃ paṭikkhipati. <span class="bld">Ukkaṇṭhito</span>ti anabhiratiyā imasmiṃ sāsane kicchajīvikaṃ patto. Atha vā ‘‘ajja yāmi, sve yāmi, ito yāmi, ettha yāmī’’ti uddhaṃ kaṇṭhaṃ katvā viharamāno vikkhitto, anekaggoti vuttaṃ hoti. Idañca ‘‘anabhirato sāmaññā cavitukāmo’’tiādīnaṃ (pārā. 45) upalakkhaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Yena kenaci…pe… jānantī</span>ti sace te‘‘ukkaṇṭhito’’ti vā ‘‘gihibhāvaṃ patthetī’’ti vā ‘‘anabhirato’’ti vā ‘‘sāmaññā cavitukāmo’’ti vā yena kenaci ākārena sikkhāpaccakkhānabhāvaṃ jānanti. Idañhi sikkhāpaccakkhānañca upari <a name="M0.0182"></a> abhūtārocanaduṭṭhullavācāattakāmaduṭṭhadosabhūtārocanasikkhāpadāni ca ekaparicchedāni, āvajjanasamaye ñāte eva sīsaṃ enti. ‘‘Kiṃ ayaṃ bhaṇatī’’ti kaṅkhatā cirena ñāte sīsaṃ na enti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘atha aparabhāge’’</span>tiādi. Atha dvinnaṃ ṭhitaṭṭhāne dvinnampi niyametvā ‘‘etesaṃ ārocemī’’ti vadati, tesu ekasmiṃ jānantepi dvīsu jānantesupi paccakkhātāva hoti sikkhā. Evaṃ sambahulesupi veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Vuttanayenā</span>ti ‘‘tassa vacanānantara’’ntiādinā vuttena nayena. <span class="bld">Yo koci manussajātiko</span>ti antamaso navakammikaṃ upādāya yo koci manusso. Vuttañhetaṃ <span class="bld">samantapāsādikāyaṃ</span> –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Sace pana anabhiratiyā pīḷito sabhāge bhikkhū parisaṅkamāno ‘yo koci jānātū’ti uccāsaddaṃ karonto ‘buddhaṃ paccakkhāmī’ti vadati, tañca avidūre ṭhito navakammiko vā añño vā samayaññū puriso sutvā ‘ukkaṇṭhito ayaṃ samaṇo gihibhāvaṃ pattheti, sāsanato cuto’ti jānāti, paccakkhātāva hoti sikkhā’’ti (pārā. aṭṭha. 1.51).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sace <a name="V0.0172"></a> vacanatthaṃ ñatvāpi ‘‘ayaṃ ukkaṇṭhito’’ti vā ‘‘gihibhāvaṃ patthetī’’ti vā na jānāti, apaccakkhātāva hoti sikkhā. Sace pana vacanatthaṃ ajānitvāpi ‘‘ukkaṇṭhito’’ti vā ‘‘gihibhāvaṃ patthetī’’ti vā jānāti, paccakkhātāva hoti sikkhā. <span class="bld">Davāyapī</span>ti kīḷādhippāyenapi. <span class="bld">Cittādīnaṃ vā vasenā</span>ti cittādīnaṃ vā chaḷaṅgānaṃ vasena. Hoti cettha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Cittaṃ khettañca kālo ca, payogo puggalo tathā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Vijānananti sikkhāya, paccakkhānaṃ chaḷaṅgika’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbaso vā pana apaccakkhānenā</span>ti ‘‘buddhaṃ paccakkhāmī’’tiādīsu yena yena pariyāyena sikkhāpaccakkhānaṃ hoti, tato ekassapi paccakkhānassa abhāvena. Iminā pana ‘‘idaṃ padaṃ sāvessāmi, sikkhaṃ paccakkhāmī’’ti evaṃ pavattacittuppādassa abhāvaṃ dasseti. Yassa hi evarūpo cittuppādo natthi, so sabbaso na paccakkhāti nāmāti. <span class="bld">Sikkhāpaccakkhānassā</span>ti ‘‘buddhaṃ paccakkhāmī’’tiādisikkhāpaccakkhānassa. <span class="bld">Atthabhūtaṃ ekaccaṃ dubbalya</span>nti ‘‘buddhaṃ paccakkhāmī’’ti vadati viññāpeti, evampi, bhikkhave, dubbalyāvikammañceva hoti, sikkhā <a name="M0.0183"></a> ca paccakkhātā’’tiādinā (pārā. 53) vuttehi yehi vacanehi sikkhāpaccakkhānañceva hoti dubbalyāvikammañca, taṃ ‘‘buddhaṃ paccakkhāmī’’tiādikaṃ atthabhūtaṃ dubbalyaṃ anāvikatvā. ‘‘Buddhaṃ paccakkhāmī’’tiādimhi pana vutte sikkhāparipūraṇe dubbalabhāvassāpi gamyamānattā sikkhāpaccakkhānassa idaṃ dubbalyāvikammaṃ atthoti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Ettha ca ‘‘atthabhūta’’nti iminā ‘‘yannūnāhaṃ buddhaṃ paccakkheyya’’ntiādikaṃ dubbalyāvikammaṃ paṭikkhipati. Yena hi sikkhāpaccakkhānañceva hoti dubbalyāvikammañca, tadeva sikkhāpaccakkhānassa atthabhūtaṃ. Yena pana dubbalyāvikammameva hoti, na sikkhāpaccakkhānaṃ, na taṃ tassa atthabhūtanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Rāgapariyuṭṭhānena sadisabhāvāpattiyā mithunānaṃ ayanti <span class="bld">‘‘methuno’’</span>ti dhammova vuccatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘rāgapariyuṭṭhānenā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">rāgapariyuṭṭhānenā</span>ti rāgassa pariyuṭṭhānena, methunarāgassa pavattiyā pariyonaddhacittatāyāti attho. <span class="bld">Dhammo</span>ti ajjhācāro. ‘‘Palambate vilambate’’tiādīsu viya upasaggassa koci atthaviseso natthīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘seveyyā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ajjhāpajjeyyā</span>ti abhibhuyya pajjeyya. <span class="bld">Sabbantimenā</span>ti paranimmitavasavatti…pe… cātumahārājikamanussitthināgagaruḷamāṇavikādīnaṃ sabbāsaṃ antimena. <span class="bld">Tiracchānagatāyā</span>ti tiracchānesu <a name="V0.0173"></a> uppannāya. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘paṭisandhivasenā’’</span>ti. Pārājikāya vatthubhūtā eva cettha tiracchānagatitthī ‘‘tiracchānagatā’’ti gahetabbā, na sabbā. Tatrāyaṃ paricchedo –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Apadānaṃ ahimacchā, dvipadānañca kukkuṭī;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Catuppadānaṃ majjārī, vatthu pārājikassimā’’ti. (pārā. aṭṭha. 1.55)</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">ahi</span>ggahaṇena sabbāpi ajagaragonasādibhedā dīghajāti saṅgahitā. Tasmā dīghajātīsu yattha tiṇṇaṃ maggānaṃ aññatarasmiṃ sakkā tilaphalamattampi pavesetuṃ, sā pārājikavatthu, avasesā dukkaṭavatthūti veditabbā. <span class="bld">Maccha</span>ggahaṇena sabbāpi macchakacchapamaṇḍūkādibhedā odakajāti saṅgahitā. Tatrāpi dīghajātiyaṃ vuttanayeneva pārājikavatthu ca dukkaṭavatthu ca veditabbaṃ. Ayaṃ pana viseso – pataṅgamukhamaṇḍūkā nāma honti, tesaṃ mukhasaṇṭhānaṃ mahantaṃ, chiddaṃ appakaṃ, tattha pavesanaṃ nappahoti, mukhasaṇṭhānaṃ pana vaṇasaṅkhepaṃ gacchati, tasmā taṃ thullaccayavatthūti veditabbaṃ<a name="M0.0184"></a>. <span class="bld">Kukkuṭi</span>ggahaṇena sabbāpi kākakapotādibhedā pakkhijāti saṅgahitā. Tatrāpi vuttanayeneva pārājikavatthu ca dukkaṭavatthu ca veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Majjāri</span>ggahaṇena sabbāpi rukkhasunakhamaṅgusagodhādibhedā catuppadajāti saṅgahitā. Tatrāpi vuttanayeneva pārājikavatthu ca dukkaṭavatthu ca veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pārājiko hotī</span>ti (pārā. aṭṭha. 1.55) parājito hoti parājayaṃ apanno. Ayañhi <span class="bld">pārājika</span>saddo sikkhāpadāpattipuggalesu vattati. Tattha ‘‘aṭṭhānametaṃ, ānanda, anavakāso, yaṃ tathāgato vajjīnaṃ vā vajjiputtakānaṃ vā kāraṇā sāvakānaṃ pārājikaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ paññattaṃ samūhaneyyā’’ti (pārā. 43) evaṃ sikkhāpade vattamāno veditabbo. ‘‘Āpattiṃ tvaṃ bhikkhu āpanno pārājika’’nti (pārā. 67) evaṃ āpattiyaṃ. ‘‘Na mayaṃ pārājikā, yo avahaṭo, so pārājiko’’ti (pārā. 155) evaṃ puggale vattamāno veditabbo. ‘‘Pārājikena dhammena anuddhaṃseyyā’’tiādīsu (pārā. 384) pana dhamme vattatīti vadanti. Yasmā pana tattha ‘‘dhammo’’ti katthaci āpatti, katthaci sikkhāpadameva adhippetaṃ, tasmā so visuṃ na vattabbo. Tattha sikkhāpadaṃ yo taṃ atikkamati, taṃ parājeti, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘pārājika’’</span>nti vuccati. Āpatti pana yo naṃ ajjhāpajjati, taṃ parājeti, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘pārājikā’’</span>ti vuccati. Puggalo yasmā parājito parājayamāpanno, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘pārājiko’’</span>ti vuccati. Idha pana puggalo veditabboti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pārājiko hotī’’</span>tiādi. Imināpi <a name="V0.0174"></a> idaṃ dasseti – ‘‘parājitasadde upasaggassa vuddhiṃ katvā, <span class="bld">ta</span>-kārassa ca <span class="bld">ka</span>-kāraṃ katvā <span class="bld">pārājiko</span> hotīti niddiṭṭho’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apalokanādi catubbidhampi saṅghakammaṃ sīmāparicchinnehi pakatattehi bhikkhūhi ekato kattabbattā <span class="bld">ekakammaṃ</span> nāma. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena ekuddesasamasikkhatānaṃ gahaṇaṃ. Tattha pañcavidhopi pātimokkhuddeso ekato uddisitabbattā <span class="bld">ekuddeso</span> nāma. Nahāpitapubbakādīnaṃ viya odissa anuññātaṃ ṭhapetvā avasesaṃ sabbampi sikkhāpadaṃ sabbehipi lajjipuggalehi samaṃ sikkhitabbabhāvato <span class="bld">samasikkhatā</span> nāma. Yasmā sabbepi lajjino etesu <a name="M0.0185"></a> ekakammādīsu saha vasanti, na ekopi tato bahiddhā sandissati, tasmā tāni sabbānipi gahetvā ekakammādiko tividhopi <span class="bld">saṃvāso</span> nāmāti āha ‘‘so ca vuttappakāro saṃvāso tena puggalena saddhiṃ natthi, tena kāraṇena so pārājiko puggalo ‘asaṃvāso’ti vuccatī’’ti (pārā. aṭṭha. 1.55).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni yasmā na kevalaṃ manussitthiyā eva nimittaṃ pārājikavatthu, atha kho amanussitthitiracchānagatitthīnampi. Na ca itthiyā eva. Atha kho ubhatobyañjanakapaṇḍakapurisānampi, tasmā te satte, tesañca yaṃ yaṃ nimittaṃ vatthu hoti, taṃ taṃ nimittaṃ, tattha ca yathā paṭisevanto pārājiko hoti, tañca sabbaṃ vitthāretvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ayaṃ panettha vinicchayo’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti imasmiṃ sikkhāpade. <span class="bld">Tesū</span>ti ye tiṃsamaggā vuttā, tesu. <span class="bld">Attano vā</span>ti lambimudupiṭṭhike sandhāya vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Santhatassa vā</span>ti yena kenaci vatthena vā paṇṇena vā vākapaṭṭena vā cammena vā tipusīsādīnaṃ paṭṭena vā paliveṭhetvā, anto vā pavesetvā paṭicchannassa. <span class="bld">Akkhāyitassa vā</span>ti soṇasiṅgālādīhi akkhāditassa. <span class="bld">Yebhuyyena akkhāyitassā</span>ti yāva upaḍḍhakkhāyito nāma na hoti, evaṃ akkhāyitassa. <span class="bld">Allokāse</span>ti tintokāse. <span class="bld">Santhata</span>nti tesaṃyeva vatthādīnaṃ yena kenaci paṭicchannaṃ. Ayañhettha saṅkhepattho – na hettha anupādinnakaṃ anupādinnakena chupati, mutti atthi, atha kho upādinnakena vā anupādinnakaṃ ghaṭṭiyatu, anupādinnakena vā upādinnakaṃ, anupādinnakena vā anupādinnakaṃ, upādinnakena vā upādinnakaṃ. Sace yattake paviṭṭhe pārājikaṃ hotīti vuttaṃ, tattakaṃ sevanacittena paveseti, sabbatthāyaṃ pārājikāpattiṃ āpanno nāma hotīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ sevanacitteneva pavesentassa āpattiṃ dassetvā idāni yasmā taṃ pavesanaṃ nāma na kevalaṃ attūpakkameneva, parūpakkamenāpi hoti. Tatrāpi sādiyantasseva āpatti paṭisevanacittasamaṅgissa<a name="V0.0175"></a>, na itarassāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘parena vā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">parenā</span>ti bhikkhupaccatthikādinā yena kenaci aññena. <span class="bld">Pavesanapaviṭṭhaṭṭhitauddharaṇesū</span>ti ettha aggato (sārattha. ṭī. 2.58) yāva mūlā pavesanaṃ <span class="bld">pavesanaṃ</span> nāma. Aṅgajātassa yattakaṃ ṭhānaṃ pavesanārahaṃ, tattakaṃ anavasesato paviṭṭhaṃ <span class="bld">paviṭṭhaṃ</span> nāma. Evaṃ <a name="M0.0186"></a> paviṭṭhassa uddharaṇārambhato antarā ṭhitakālo <span class="bld">ṭhitaṃ</span> nāma. <span class="bld">Samantapāsādikāyaṃ</span> pana mātugāmassa sukkavisaṭṭhiṃ patvā sabbathā vāyāmato oramitvā ṭhitakālaṃ sandhāya ‘‘sukkavisaṭṭhisamaye’’ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Uddharaṇaṃ</span> nāma yāva aggā nīharaṇakālo. <span class="bld">Sādiyatī</span>ti sevanacittaṃ upaṭṭhapeti. <span class="bld">Asādhāraṇavinicchayo</span>ti adinnādānādīhi sabbehi sikkhāpadehi asādhāraṇo vinicchayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sādhāraṇavinicchayattha</span>nti parivāravasena sādhāraṇavinicchayatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Mātikā</span>ti mātā, janettīti attho. Nidadāti desanaṃ desavasena aviditaṃ viditaṃ katvā nidassetīti <span class="bld">nidānaṃ</span>. Paññāpīyatīti <span class="bld">paññatti,</span> tassā pakāro <span class="bld">paññattividhi</span> aṅgeti gameti ñāpetīti <span class="bld">aṅgaṃ,</span> kāraṇaṃ. Samuṭṭhahanti āpattiyo etenāti <span class="bld">samuṭṭhānaṃ,</span> uppattikāraṇaṃ, tassa vidhi <span class="bld">samuṭṭhānavidhi</span>. <span class="bld">Vajjakammappabhedañcā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">pabheda</span>saddo paccekaṃ yojetabbo ‘‘vajjappabhedaṃ, kammappabhedañcā’’ti. <span class="bld">Tattha tatthā</span>ti tasmiṃ tasmiṃ sikkhāpade.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paññattiṭṭhāna</span>nti paññattiṭṭhapanassa ṭhānaṃ, sikkhāpadānaṃ paññattidesoti attho. <span class="bld">Puggalo</span>ti ettha ādikammikoyeva adhippetoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘puggalo nāma yaṃ yaṃ ārabbha taṃ taṃ sikkhāpadaṃ paññatta’’</span>nti, so so puggaloti adhippāyo. Honti cettha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Sudinno dhaniyo sambahulā vaggumudantikā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Seyyasako udāyi cā-ḷavakā channamettiyā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Devadattassajipunabbasu-chabbaggiyopanandaññataropi ca;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Hatthako cānuruddho ca, sattarasa cūḷapanthako.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Belaṭṭhasīso cānando, sāgatoriṭṭhanāmako;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Nandattherena tevīsa, bhikkhūnaṃ ādikammikā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Sundarīnandā <a name="V0.0176"></a> thullanandā, chabbaggiyaññatarāpi ca;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Caṇḍakāḷī sambahulā, dve ca bhikkhuniyo parā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Bhikkhunīnaṃ tu satteva, honti tā ādikammikā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tassa tassa puggalassā</span>ti yaṃ yaṃ sudinnādikaṃ puggalaṃ ārabbha sikkhāpadaṃ paññattaṃ, tassa tassa puggalassa. <span class="bld">Paññattī</span>ti paṭhamapaññatti. Paṭhamapaññattiyā pacchā <a name="M0.0187"></a> ṭhapitā paññatti <span class="bld">anupaññatti</span>. Anuppanne dose ṭhapitā paññatti <span class="bld">anuppannapaññatti</span>. Sabbattha majjhimadese ceva paccantimesu janapadesu cāti sabbesu padesesu ṭhapitā paññatti <span class="bld">sabbatthapaññatti</span>. Majjhimadeseyeva ṭhapitā paññatti <span class="bld">padesapaññatti</span>. Bhikkhūnañceva bhikkhunīnañca sādhāraṇabhūtā paññatti <span class="bld">sādhāraṇapaññatti</span>. Suddhabhikkhūnameva, suddhabhikkhunīnaṃ vā paññattaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ <span class="bld">asādhāraṇapaññatti</span>. Ubhinnampi paññatti <span class="bld">ubhatopaññatti. Vinayadharapañcamenā</span>ti anussāvanakācariyapañcamena. <span class="bld">Guṇaṅguṇūpāhanā</span>ti catuppaṭalato paṭṭhāya katā upāhanā, na ekadvitipaṭalā. <span class="bld">Cammattharaṇa</span>nti attharitabbaṃ cammaṃ. <span class="bld">Etesaṃ vasena catubbidhā padesapaññatti nāmā</span>ti etesaṃ vasena catubbidhā paññatti majjhimadeseyeva paññattāti padesapaññatti nāma. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘majjhimadeseyeva hī’’</span>tiādi. Yasmā majjhimadeseyeva yathāvuttavatthuvītikkame āpatti hoti, na paccantimajanapade, tasmā padesapaññattīti attho. <span class="bld">Dhuvanhānaṃ paṭikkhepamatta</span>nti niccanahānappaṭisedhanameva. Ettha ca <span class="bld">matta</span>saddena aññāni tīṇi sikkhāpadāni paṭikkhipati. Tāni hi ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sabbapaccantimesu janapadesu vinayadharapañcamena gaṇena upasampada’’ntiādinā (mahāva. 259) <span class="bld">cammakkhandhake</span> āgatāni. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘tato aññā padesapaññatti nāma natthī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sabbānī</span>ti tato avasesāni sabbāni sikkhāpadāni. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā anuppannapaññatti aṭṭhagarudhammavasena bhikkhunīnaṃyeva āgatā, yasmā ca dhuvanhānaṃ paṭikkhepamattaṃ ṭhapetvā pātimokkhe sabbāni sikkhāpadāni sabbatthapaññattiyeva honti, yasmā ca sādhāraṇapaññattidukañca ekatopaññattidukañca byañjanamattaṃ nānaṃ, atthato ekaṃ, tasmā. <span class="bld">Sabbatthā</span>ti sabbesu sikkhāpadesu. Āpattibhedo hettha uttarapadalopena ‘‘āpattī’’ti vuttoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘āpattīti pubbappayogādivasena āpattibhedo’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sīlaācāradiṭṭhiājīvavipattīna</span>nti ettha paṭhamā dve āpattikkhandhā sīlavipatti nāma, avasesā pañca ācāravipatti nāma, micchādiṭṭhi ca antaggāhikādiṭṭhi ca diṭṭhivipatti nāma, ājīvahetu paññattāni cha sikkhāpadāni ājīvavipatti nāma, iti imāsaṃ sīlaācāradiṭṭhiājīvavipattīnaṃ aññatarāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Na <a name="V0.0177"></a> kevalaṃ yathāvuttanayeneva vuccantīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yāni sikkhāpadasamuṭṭhānānītipi vuccantī’’</span>ti. Etāni hi kiñcāpi āpattiyā samuṭṭhānāni, na <a name="M0.0188"></a> sikkhāpadassa, vohārasukhatthaṃ panevaṃ vuccantīti. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti tesu chasu samuṭṭhānesu. <span class="bld">Tesū</span>ti sacittakācittakesu. Ekaṃ samuṭṭhānaṃ uppattikāraṇaṃ etissāti <span class="bld">ekasamuṭṭhānā,</span> ekena vā samuṭṭhānaṃ etissāti <span class="bld">ekasamuṭṭhānā</span>. <span class="bld">‘‘Dvisamuṭṭhānā’’</span>tiādīsupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samuṭṭhānavasenā</span>ti samuṭṭhānasīsavasena. Paṭhamapārājikaṃ samuṭṭhānaṃ etissāti <span class="bld">paṭhamapārājikasamuṭṭhānā</span>. Tathā <span class="bld">adinnādānasamuṭṭhānā’’</span>tiādīsupi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sayaṃ pathavikhaṇane kāyena, pare āṇāpetvā khaṇāpane vācāya ca āpattisambhavato <span class="bld">‘‘pathavikhaṇanādīsu viyā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena adinnādānādīnaṃ pariggaho. Paṭhamakathināpatti kāyavācato kattabbaṃ adhiṭṭhānaṃ vā vikappanaṃ vā akarontassa hoti, no karontassāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘paṭhamakathināpatti viyā’’</span>ti. Aññātikāya bhikkhuniyā hatthato cīvarappaṭiggahaṇāpatti tassā hatthato cīvaraṃ paṭiggaṇhantassa, parivattakaṃ adentassa ca hotīti <span class="bld">kiriyākiriyato samuṭṭhāti. ‘‘Siyā karontassā’’</span>tiādīsu <span class="bld">siyā</span>ti ‘‘siyā kho pana te brāhmaṇa evamassā’’tiādīsu viya ‘‘kadācī’’ti iminā samānattho nipāto. Rūpiyappaṭiggahaṇāpatti siyā kiriyā gahaṇena āpajjanato, siyā akiriyā paṭikkhepassa akaraṇatoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘rūpiyappaṭiggahaṇāpatti viyā’’</span>ti. Kuṭikārāpatti vatthuṃ desāpetvā pamāṇātikkantakaraṇe karontassa siyā, adesāpetvā pana pamāṇātikkantakaraṇe pamāṇayuttaṃ vā karontassa ca akarontassa ca siyāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kuṭikārāpatti viyā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Saññāya abhāvena vimokkho assāti <span class="bld">saññāvimokkho</span>ti majjhepadalopasamāso daṭṭhabboti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yato vītikkamasaññāyā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Itarā</span> nāma yato vītikkamasaññāya abhāvena na muccati, sā itarasaddassa vuttappaṭiyogivisayattā. <span class="bld">Yā acittakena vā sacittakamissakena vā samuṭṭhātī</span>ti yā āpatti kadāci acittakena vā kadāci sacittakamissakena vā samuṭṭhānena samuṭṭhāti. Ettha ca saññādukaṃ anāpattimukhena vuttaṃ, sacittakadukaṃ āpattimukhenāti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yassā</span> <a name="M0.0189"></a> <span class="bld">sacittakapakkhe cittaṃ akusalameva hotī</span>ti yassā sacittakāya āpattiyā cittaṃ akusalameva hoti, yassā ca sacittakācittakasaṅkhātāya surāpānādiacittakāya āpattiyā vatthuvijānanacittena <a name="V0.0178"></a> sacittakapakkhe cittaṃ akusalameva hoti, <span class="bld">ayaṃ lokavajjā</span>. ‘‘Sacittakapakkhe’’ti hi idaṃ vacanaṃ sacittakācittakaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Na hi ekaṃsato sacittakassa ‘‘sacittakapakkhe’’ti visesane payojanaṃ atthīti. Yaṃ panettha <span class="bld">gaṇṭhipade</span> ‘‘surāpānasmiñhi ‘surā’ti vā ‘na vaṭṭatī’ti vā jānitvā pivane akusalamevā’’ti vuttaṃ. Tattha ‘‘na vaṭṭatīti vā jānitvā’’ti vuttavacanaṃ na yujjati paṇṇattivajjassāpi lokavajjabhāvappasaṅgato. Yassā pana ‘‘sacittakapakkhe cittaṃ akusalamevā’’ti niyamo natthi, sā paṇṇattivajjāti imamatthaṃ dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘sesā paṇṇattivajjā’’</span>ti. Tathā hi tassā vatthuvijānanacittena sacittakapakkhe cittaṃ siyā kusalaṃ, siyā akusalaṃ, siyā abyākatanti ‘‘akusalamevā’’ti niyamo natthi. <span class="bld">Ubhayattha āpajjitabbā</span>ti kāyadvāre, vacīdvāre cāti ubhayattha āpajjitabbā āpatti, tā pana adinnādānādayo. <span class="bld">‘‘Manodvāre āpatti nāma natthī’’</span>ti idaṃ yebhuyyavasena vuttaṃ upanikkhittasādiyanādīsu āpattisambhavatoti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Akusalacitto vā āpajjatī</span>ti pārājikasukkavisaṭṭhikāyasaṃsaggaduṭṭhullaattakāmapāricariyaduṭṭhadosasaṅghabhedappahāradānatalasattikādibhedaṃ āpattiṃ akusalacitto āpajjati. Anupasampannaṃ padasodhammaṃ vācento, mātugāmassa dhammaṃ desentoti evarūpaṃ āpattiṃ <span class="bld">kusalacitto āpajjati</span>. Asañciccasahaseyyādiṃ <span class="bld">abyākatacitto āpajjati</span>. Yaṃ arahā āpajjati, sabbaṃ abyākatacittova āpajjati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kusalābyākatacitto vā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dukkhavedanāsamaṅgī vā</span>ti duṭṭhadosādibhedaṃ āpattiṃ āpajjanto dukkhavedanāsamaṅgī āpajjati. Methunadhammādibhedaṃ pana <span class="bld">sukhavedanāsamaṅgī āpajjati</span>. Yaṃ sukhavedanāsamaṅgī āpajjati, taṃyeva majjhatto hutvā āpajjanto <span class="bld">adukkhamasukhavedanāsamaṅgī āpajjati</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘itaravedanādvayasamaṅgī vā’’</span>ti. Idampi ca tikadvayaṃ yebhuyyavaseneva vuttaṃ. Nipajjitvā <a name="M0.0190"></a> nirodhasamāpanno hi acittako avedano sahaseyyāpattiṃ āpajjatīti. Kiñcāpi evaṃ aniyamena vuttaṃ, viseso panettha atthīti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ santepī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Evaṃ santepīti hi visesābhidhānanimittābhyūpagameva yujjati. <span class="bld">Sabbesaṃ vasena tīṇi cittānī</span>ti kusalākusalābyākatānaṃ vasena padasodhammādīsu tīṇi cittāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni taṃ yathāvuttanidānādivedanāttikapariyosānaṃ sattarasappakāraṃ imasmiṃ sikkhāpade yojetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘idha panā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Idhā</span>ti imasmiṃ paṭhamapārājikasikkhāpade. <span class="bld">Vesāliya</span>nti evaṃnāmake <a name="V0.0179"></a> itthiliṅgavasena pavattavohāre nagare. Tañhi nagaraṃ tikkhattuṃ pākāraparikkhepavaḍḍhanena visālībhūtattā <span class="bld">‘‘vesālī’’</span>ti vuccati. Idampi ca nagaraṃ sabbaññutaṃ sampatteyeva sammāsambuddhe sabbākāravepullattaṃ pattanti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Sikkhaṃ apaccakkhāyā’’ti ca ‘‘antamaso tiracchānagatāyapī’’ti ca dve anupaññattiyo</span>ti makkaṭivajjiputtakavatthūnaṃ vasena vuttā. ‘‘Antamaso tiracchānagatāyā’’ti ca ‘‘sikkhaṃ apaccakkhāyā’’ti ca imā dve anupaññattiyo. <span class="bld">Āpattikarā ca hotī</span>ti paṭhamapaññattito visuṃyevāpattikarā ca hoti. <span class="bld">Aññavādakasikkhāpadādīsu viyā</span>ti aññavādakasikkhāpadādīsu ‘‘vihesake’’tiādikā (pāci. 98) viyāti attho. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena ujjhāpanakassa pariggaho. Ettha hi aññavādakādito visuṃyeva vihesakādīsupi pācittiyaṃ hoti. Yathāha ‘‘ropite vihesake saṅghamajjhe vatthusmiṃ vā āpattiyā vā anayuñjiyamāno taṃ nakathetukāmo taṃ naugghāṭetukāmo tuṇhībhūto saṅghaṃ viheseti, āpatti pācittiyassā’’tiādi (pārā. 100). Supinante vijjamānāpi mocanassādacetanā abbohārikattā anāpattikarāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘aññatra supinantātiādikā viyā’’</span>ti. Tathā hi thinamiddhena abhibhūtattā supine cittaṃ abbohārikaṃ, cittassa abbohārikattā opakkamanakiriyāpavattanikāpi cetanā abbohārikā. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘atthesā, bhikkhave, cetanā, sā ca kho abbohārikā’’ti (pārā. 235), tasmā ‘‘aññatra supinantā’’ti ayaṃ anupaññatti anāpattikarā jātā. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena ‘‘aññatra adhimānā’’tiādikaṃ (pārā. 197) saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Adinnādānādīsu viyā</span>ti adinnādānādīsu <a name="M0.0191"></a> ‘‘araññā vā’’tiādikā (pārā. 91) viyāti attho. Ettha pana <span class="bld">ādi</span>saddena paṭhamapārājikādīnaṃ saṅgaho. Ettha hi ‘‘tañca kho gāme, no araññe’’tiādinā (pārā. 90) nayena lesaṃ oḍḍentānaṃ lesapidahanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘araññā vā’’</span>tiādikā anupaññatti vuttāti upatthambhakarāva hoti. Teneva hi ‘‘nanu, āvuso, tathevetaṃ hotī’’ti (pārā. 90) bhikkhūhi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vuttappakāre magge</span>ti ‘‘manussāmanussatiracchānagatavasenā’’tiādinā (kaṅkhā. aṭṭha. paṭhamapārājikavaṇṇanā) vuttappakāre tiṃsamagge. Imassa pana ‘‘chinne’’ti iminā sambandho. <span class="bld">Tacādīni anavasesetvā</span>ti nimittappadese bahi ṭhitāni chavicammāni anavasesetvā. <span class="bld">Nimittasaṇṭhānamattaṃ paññāyatī</span>ti nimittamaṃsassa pana abbhantare chavicammassa ca vijjamānattā vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Cammakhila</span>nti cammakkhaṇḍaṃ. ‘‘Uṇṇigaṇḍo’’tipi (sārattha. ṭī. 2.55; vi. vi. ṭī. 1.55) vadanti. Tañhi nimitte jātattā nimittameva. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sevanacitte sati pārājika’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Sevanacitte</span>ti methunasevanacitte. Kāyasaṃsaggasevanacitte pana sati saṅghādisesova<a name="V0.0180"></a>. Naṭṭho kāyappasādo etthāti <span class="bld">naṭṭhakāyappasādaṃ,</span> sukkhapīḷakaṃ vā matacammaṃ vāti attho. Mate akkhāyite, yebhuyyena akkhāyite ca pārājikāpattivacanato (pārā. 61) pana naṭṭhakāyappasādepi itthinimitte pavesentassa pārājikāpattiyeva. <span class="bld">Nimittasaṇṭhānamattampi anavasesetvā</span>ti nimittākārena ṭhitaṃ yathāvuttanimittamaṃsādimpi anavasesetvā. <span class="bld">Vaṇasaṅkhepavasenā</span>ti vaṇasaṅgahavasena. Vaṇe thullaccayañca ‘‘amaggena amaggaṃ paveseti, āpatti thullaccayassā’’ti (pārā. 66) imassa suttassa vasena veditabbaṃ. Tasmiñhi sutte dvīsu sambhinnavaṇesu ekena vaṇena pavesetvā dutiyena nīharantassa thullaccayaṃ vuttaṃ. Vuttañhi <span class="bld">samantapāsādikāyaṃ</span> ‘‘imassa sattassa anulomavasena sabbattha vaṇasaṅkhepe thullaccayaṃ veditabba’’nti (pārā. aṭṭha. 1.66). Manussānaṃ pana akkhiādayopi vaṇasaṅgahaṃ gacchantīti vaṇena ekaparicchedaṃ katvā dassento <span class="bld">‘‘tathā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tesaṃ vaṇasaṅgaho ‘‘navadvāro mahāvaṇo’’ti (mi. pa. 2.6.1) evamādisuttānusārena veditabbo. Tattha <span class="bld">manussāna</span>nti itthipurisapaṇḍakaubhatobyañjanakavasena catubbidhānaṃ manussānaṃ. <span class="bld">Vatthikosesū</span>ti <a name="M0.0192"></a> vatthipuṭesu purisānaṃ aṅgajātakosesu. <span class="bld">Hatthiassādīnañca tiracchānāna</span>nti hatthiassagoṇagadrabhaoṭṭhamahiṃsādīnaṃ tiracchānagatānaṃ. <span class="bld">Tiracchānānaṃ panā</span>ti sabbesampi tiracchānagatānaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbesa</span>nti yathāvuttamanussādīnaṃ sabbesaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ jīvamānakasarīre labbhamānaṃ āpattivisesaṃ dassetvā idāni matasarīre labbhamānaṃ āpattivisesaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘matasarīre’’</span>tiādimāha. Vaccamaggapassāvamaggamukhamaggānaṃ catūsu koṭṭhāsesu dve koṭṭhāse ṭhapetvā yadā apare dve koṭṭhāsā khāditā, tadā <span class="bld">upaḍḍhakkhāyitaṃ</span> nāma hoti. <span class="bld">Na kuthitaṃ hotī</span>ti uddhumātakādibhāvena kuthitaṃ na hoti, allanti attho. Yadā pana sarīraṃ uddhumātakaṃ hoti kuthitaṃ nīlamakkhikasamākiṇṇaṃ kimikulasamākulaṃ navahi vaṇamukhehi paggaḷitapubbakuṇapabhāvena upagantumpi asakkuṇeyyaṃ (pārā. aṭṭha. 1.59-60), tadā pārājikavatthuñca thullaccayavatthuñca vijahati, dukkaṭavatthumeva hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kuthite dukkaṭa’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Kuthite</span>ti uddhumātakabhāvappatte. Īdise hi sarīre yattha katthaci upakkamato dukkaṭaṃ. <span class="bld">Tathā vaṭṭakate mukhe acchupantaṃ aṅgajātaṃ pavesentassā</span>ti (pārā. aṭṭha. 1.73) vivaṭṭe mukhe cattāri passāni, tālukañca apphusantaṃ aṅgajātaṃ pavesentassa dukkaṭanti attho. Sace pana heṭṭhā vā upari vā ubhayapassehi vā chupantaṃ paveseti, pārājikaṃ. Catūhi passehi acchupantaṃ pavesetvā abbhantare tālukaṃ chupati, pārājikameva. Bahi nikkhantajivhāya vā dantesu vā aṅgajātaṃ pavesentassa thullaccayanti sambandho. Jīvamānakasarīrepi bahi nikkhantajivhāya thullaccayameva. Yadi pana bahi jivhāya paliveṭhetvā antomukhaṃ paveseti, pārājikameva. Yadi pana dantā suphusitā, antomukhe okāso <a name="V0.0181"></a> natthi, dantā ca bahi oṭṭhamaṃsena paṭicchannā, tattha vātena asamphuṭṭhaṃ allokāsaṃ tilaphalamattampi pavesentassa pārājikameva. Uppāṭite pana oṭṭhamaṃse dantesuyeva upakkamantassa thullaccayaṃ. Yopi danto bahi nikkhamanto tiṭṭhati, na sakkā oṭṭhehi pidahituṃ, tatthāpi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vedanāya aṭṭo pīḷito <span class="bld">vedanāṭṭo. Ummattako</span>ti cettha pittummattako adhippetoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yo pittavasenā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Pittavasenā</span>ti <a name="M0.0193"></a> baddhapittavasena. Tasmiñhi baddhapitte pittakosato calitvā bahi nikkhamante sattā ummattakā honti, vipallatthasaññā hirottappaṃ chaḍḍetvā asāruppacariyaṃ caranti, lahukagarukāni sikkhāpadāni maddantāpi na jānanti, bhesajjakiriyāyapi atekicchā honti, evarūpassa ummattakassa anāpatti. Abaddhapittaṃ pana lohitaṃ viya sabbaṅgagataṃ, tamhi kupite sattānaṃ kaṇḍukacchusarīrakampādīni honti, tāni bhesajjakiriyāya vūpasamanti. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘baddhapittavasenā’’ti. <span class="bld">Khittacitto</span> nāma vissaṭṭhacitto yakkhummattako vuccatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yakkhehi katacittavikkhepo khittacitto’’</span>ti. Yakkhā kira bheravāni ārammaṇāni dassetvā mukhena hatthaṃ pavesetvā, hadayarūpaṃ vā maddantā satte vikkhittacitte vipallatthasaññe karonti, evarūpassa khittacittassa anāpatti. Tesaṃ pana ubhinnaṃ ayaṃ viseso – pittummattako niccameva ummattako hoti, pakatisaññaṃ na labhati. Yakkhummattako antarantarā pakatisaññaṃ paṭilabhati. Idha pana pittummattako vā hotu, yakkhummattako vā, yo sabbaso muṭṭhassati kiñci na jānāti, aggimpi suvaṇṇampi gūthampi candanampi ekasadisaṃ maddantova vicarati, evarūpassa anāpatti. Antarantarā pakatisaññaṃ paṭilabhitvā ñatvā karontassa pana āpattiyeva. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘dvinnampi ca etesa’’</span>ntiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Adhimattavedanāyā</span>ti adhikappamāṇāya dukkhavedanāya. Ādikamme niyutto <span class="bld">ādikammiko,</span> yo ca ādikamme niyutto, so tasmiṃ kamme ādibhūto hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yo’’</span>tiādi. Idha pana sudinnatthero ādikammiko, tassa anāpatti. Avasesānaṃ makkaṭisamaṇavajjiputtakādīnaṃ āpattiyeva. <span class="bld">Paṭipādanaṃ</span> sampādanaṃ. Karontoyeva hi taṃ āpajjatīti <span class="bld">kiriyaṃ</span>. Idaṃ (sārattha. ṭī. 2.66) pana yebhuyyavasena vuttaṃ methunadhamme parūpakkame sati sādiyantassa akiriyasamuṭṭhānabhāvato. Methunappaṭisaṃyuttāya hi kāmasaññāya abhāvena muccanato <span class="bld">saññāvimokkhaṃ</span>. ‘‘Anāpatti ajānantassa, asādiyantassā’’ti (pārā. 66) hi vuttaṃ. Methunacitteneva naṃ āpajjati, na vinā cittenāti <span class="bld">sacittakaṃ</span>. Rāgavaseneva āpajjitabbato <span class="bld">lokavajjaṃ</span>. Kāyadvāreneva samuṭṭhānato <span class="bld">kāyakammaṃ</span>. Cittaṃ panettha aṅgamattaṃ hoti<a name="V0.0182"></a>, na tassa vasena kammabhāvo labbhati. Lobhacitteneva <a name="M0.0194"></a> āpajjitabbato <span class="bld">akusalacittaṃ</span>. Sukhasamaṅgī vā upekkhāsamaṅgī vā āpajjatīti dvi<span class="bld">vedanaṃ</span>. Nanu samuṭṭhānādīni āpattiyā honti, na sikkhāpadassa, atha kasmā sikkhāpadassa samuṭṭhānādīni vuttānīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘imāni ca samuṭṭhānādīni nāmā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Āpattiyā hontī</span>ti ajjhācārassa honti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Munanato anumunanato <span class="bld">muti,</span> ñāṇaṃ, taṃ etassa atthīti <span class="bld">mutimā,</span> ñāṇavāti attho.</p>
<p class="centered">Paṭhamapārājikavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">2. Dutiyapārājikavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti etesu dvīsu. Ekakuṭikādibhedo sabbopi gāmoti veditabboti sambandho. Tattha <span class="bld">ekakuṭikādibhedo</span>ti yasmiṃ gāme ekā eva kuṭi ekaṃ gehaṃ seyyathāpi malayajanapade, ayaṃ <span class="bld">ekakuṭiko</span> gāmo nāma. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena ‘‘dvikuṭikopi gāmo, tikuṭikopi gāmo, catukkuṭikopi gāmo’’ti (pārā. 92) vuttappabhedaṃ saṅgaṇhāti. Abhinavaniviṭṭho ekakuṭikādigāmo pana yāva manussā pavisitvā vāsaṃ na kappenti, tāva gāmasaṅkhaṃ na gacchati. Kiṃbhūtoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘parikkhitto vā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">parikkhitto</span> nāma iṭṭhakapākāraṃ ādiṃ katvā antamaso kaṇṭakasākhāhipi parikkhitto. Tabbiparīto <span class="bld">aparikkhitto</span>. <span class="bld">Amanusso</span> nāma yo sabbaso vā manussānaṃ abhāvena yakkhapariggahabhūto, yato vā manussā kenaci karaṇīyena punapi āgantukāmā eva apakkantā, yato pana nirapekkhā hutvā pakkamanti, so gāmasaṅkhaṃ na gacchati. Na kevalaṃ ekakuṭikādibhedovāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘antamaso’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Yo koci satthopī</span>ti jaṅghasatthasakaṭasatthādīsu yo koci satthopi. Imasmiṃ sikkhāpade nigamanagarāni viya gāmaggahaṇeneva gāmūpacāropi saṅgahitoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ṭhapetvā gāmañca gāmūpacārañcā’’</span>ti. Aññathā pana mātikāya anavasesato avahāraṭṭhānapariggaho kato nāma na hoti, na ca buddhā sāvasesaṃ pārājikaṃ paññāpenti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti tesu gāmagāmūpacāresu. <span class="bld">Dvāre</span>ti nibbakosassa udakapatanaṭṭhānato abbhantare. <span class="bld">Antogehe</span>ti pamukhassa abbhantare. <span class="bld">Kataparikkhepo</span>ti <a name="M0.0195"></a> pākāravatiādīhi kataparikkhepo. Suppapatanādiparicchedo panettha aparikkhittagharaṃ sandhāya vutto. Na kevalaṃ gharassa purato, atha kho samantato tattakova paricchedo gharūpacāro nāmāti gahetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Purato’’</span>tiādikaṃ pana lokiyehi <a name="V0.0183"></a> tathākaraṇato vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Thāmamajjhimassā</span>ti majjhimathāmassa, neva appathāmassa, na mahāthāmassāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">‘‘Yathā taruṇamanussā’’</span>tiādinā yathā mātugāmo kāke uḍḍāpento ujukameva hatthaṃ ukkhipitvā leḍḍuṃ khipati, yathā ca udakukkhepe udakaṃ khipanti, evaṃ khittassa leḍḍussa patitaṭṭhānaṃ paṭikkhipati. <span class="bld">Pavattitvā</span>ti luṭhitvā, parivattitvāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Tassa sace dve indakhīlā hontī</span>ti (pārā. aṭṭha. 1.92) tassa parikkhittassa gāmassa sace anurādhapurasseva dve ummārā honti. Yassa pana eko, tassa gāmadvārabāhānaṃ vemajjhe ṭhitassa leḍḍupātabbhantaraṃ <span class="bld">gāmūpacāro</span> nāma. Yatra pana indakhīlo natthi, tatra gāmadvārabāhānaṃ vemajjhaṃ. Yatra dvārabāhāpi natthi, tattha ubhosu passesu vatiyā vā pākārassa vā koṭivemajjhaṃva indakhīlaṭṭhāniyattā indakhīloti gahetabbaṃ. Yo pana gāmo pubbe mahā hutvā pacchā kulesu naṭṭhesu appako hoti, so gharūpacārato leḍḍupāteneva paricchinditabbo. Purimaparicchedo panassa parikkhittassāpi aparikkhittassāpi appamāṇamevāti. Nanu cetaṃ aparikkhittassa upacāradassanaṃ padabhājanena viruddhamiva dissati. Tattha hi ‘‘gāmūpacāro nāma parikkhittassa gāmassa indakhīle ṭhitassa majjhimassa purisassa leḍḍupāto’’ti (pārā. 92) vatvā ‘‘aparikkhittassa gāmassa gharūpacāre ṭhitassa majjhimassa purisassa leḍḍupāto’’ti (pārā. 92) ettakameva vuttaṃ, na pana taṃ leḍḍupātaṃ gāmasaṅkhepaṃ katvā tato paraṃ gāmūpacāroti vuttoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘padabhājanepi hi imināva nayena attho veditabbo’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ayamettha adhippāyo – idha gāmo nāma duvidho hoti parikkhitto ca aparikkhitto ca (pārā. aṭṭha. 1.92). Tatra parikkhittassa parikkhepoyeva paricchedo. Tasmā tassa visuṃ paricchedaṃ avatvā ‘‘gāmūpacāro nāma parikkhittassa gāmassa indakhīle ṭhitassa majjhimassa purisassa leḍḍupāto’’ti pāḷiyaṃ vuttaṃ. Aparikkhittassa pana gāmassa gāmaparicchedo vattabbo. Tasmā tassa <a name="M0.0196"></a> gāmassa gāmaparicchedadassanatthaṃ ‘‘aparikkhittassa gāmassa gharūpacāre ṭhitassa majjhimassa purisassa leḍḍupāto’’ti (pārā. 92) vuttaṃ. Gāmaparicchede ca dassite gāmūpacāralakkhaṇaṃ pubbe vuttanayeneva sakkā ñātunti puna ‘‘tattha ṭhitassa majjhimassa purisassa leḍḍupāto’’ti na vuttaṃ, attho pana tatthāpi ayameva yathāvuttoti. Yo pana gharūpacāre ṭhitassa leḍḍupātaṃyeva ‘‘gāmūpacāro’’ti vadati, tassa gharūpacāro ‘‘gāmo’’ti āpajjati. Tato gharaṃ gharūpacāro, gāmo gāmūpacāroti esa vibhāgo saṅkarīyati. Asaṃkarato cettha vinicchayo veditabbo. Tasmā pāḷiñca aṭṭhakathañca saṃsanditvā vuttanayenevettha gāmo, gāmūpacāro ca veditabboti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti <a name="V0.0184"></a> tesu dvīsu upacāresu. Yvāyaṃ upacāro dassitoti sambandho. <span class="bld">Vikāle gāmappavesanādīsū</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">ādi</span>saddena asaṃkaccikāgāmappavesanaṃ (pāci. 1225) saṅgaṇhāti. Yo pana parikkhittassa gāmassa upacāro vutto, so na katthaci vinayapiṭake upayogaṃ gato. Kevalaṃ aparikkhittassa parikkhepokāsato aparo eko leḍḍupāto gāmūpacāro nāmāti ñāpanatthaṃ vutto. Evaṃ vutte hi ñāyati ‘‘parikkhittassāpi ce gāmassa eko leḍḍupāto kappiyabhūmi samāno upacāroti vutto, pageva aparikkhittassa parikkhepokāsato eko’’ti. <span class="bld">Imesaṃ paricchedadassanattha</span>nti imesaṃ gāmāraññānaṃ paricchedadassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">vuttā</span> aṭṭhakathāyaṃ. <span class="bld">Pārājikavatthu</span>nti pādagghanakaṃ. <span class="bld">Avaharantassā</span>ti gaṇhantassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Adinna</span>nti (pārā. aṭṭha. 92) dantaponasikkhāpade attano santakampi appaṭiggahitakaṃ kappiyaṃ ajjhoharaṇīyaṃ vuccati, idha pana yaṃ kiñci parapariggahitaṃ sasāmikaṃ bhaṇḍaṃ, tadetaṃ tehi sāmikehi kāyena vā vācāya vā na dinnanti adinnaṃ. Avahārappahonakameva pana dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘aññassa manussajātikassa santaka’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. Saṅkhāsaddasseva ta-kārena vaḍḍhetvā vuttattā <span class="bld">‘‘saṅkhā saṅkhātanti atthato eka’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">atthato eka</span>nti padatthato ekaṃ, anatthantaranti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Koṭṭhāsassetaṃ nāmaṃ</span> bhāgato <a name="M0.0197"></a> saṅkhāyati upaṭṭhātīti katvā. <span class="bld">Papañcasaṅkhā</span>ti sattānaṃ saṃsāre papañcenti cirāyantīti <span class="bld">papañcā,</span> taṇhāmānadiṭṭhiyo, yassa vā uppannā, taṃ ‘‘ratto’’ti vā ‘‘matto’’ti vā ‘‘micchādiṭṭhiniviṭṭho’’ti vā papañcenti byañjentīti <span class="bld">papañcā, saṅkhā</span> vuccati koṭṭhāso, papañcāva saṅkhā <span class="bld">papañcasaṅkhā,</span> papañcakoṭṭhāsāti attho, taṇhāmānadiṭṭhiyoti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Theyyacittasaṅkhāto</span>ti ‘‘theyyacitto’’ti kathito. <span class="bld">Eko cittakoṭṭhāso</span>ti vissāsatāvakālikādiggāhavasappavattaatheyyacittakoṭṭhāsato añño cittakoṭṭhāso. <span class="bld">Theyyasaṅkhātenā</span>ti theyyabhūtacittakoṭṭhāsena. Yadi evaṃ atha kasmā etassa vibhaṅge ‘‘theyyacitto avaharaṇacitto’’ti (pārā. 92) vuttanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yo cā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Byañjanaṃ anādiyitvā</span>ti byañjane ādaraṃ akatvāti attho, saddatthamanapekkhitvāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Atthamevā</span>ti bhāvatthameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Te pana avahārā</span>ti te pañcavīsati avahārā. Saviññāṇakāviññāṇakavasena nānāvidho bhaṇḍo etassa pañcakassāti <span class="bld">nānābhaṇḍaṃ,</span> pañcannaṃ avahārānaṃ samūho <span class="bld">pañcakaṃ,</span> pañcaparimāṇamassāti vā <span class="bld">pañcakaṃ,</span> nānābhaṇḍameva pañcakaṃ <span class="bld">nānābhaṇḍapañcakaṃ</span>. Saviññāṇakavasena eko bhaṇḍo etassāti <span class="bld">ekabhaṇḍaṃ</span>. Sesaṃ vuttanayameva. Sāhatthikova pañcakaṃ <a name="V0.0185"></a> <span class="bld">sāhatthikapañcakaṃ</span>. Ādipadavasena cetaṃ nāmaṃ kusalādittikassa kusalattikavohāro viya. Tasmā sāhatthikādipañcakanti atthato daṭṭhabbaṃ. Esa nayo sesesu pañcakadvayesu. <span class="bld">Etassevā</span>ti ‘‘ādiyeyyā’’ti etasseva mātikāpadassa. <span class="bld">Imesaṃ padānaṃ vasenā</span>ti imesaṃ pañcannaṃ padānaṃ vasena. Ettha ca paṭhamapadaṃ abhiyogavasena vuttaṃ, dutiyapadaṃ aññesaṃ bhaṇḍaṃ harantassa gacchato vasena, tatiyapadaṃ upanikkhittabhaṇḍavasena, catutthaṃ saviññāṇakavasena, pañcamaṃ thale nikkhittādivasena vuttanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni nesaṃ atthayojanaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tatthā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">tatthā</span>ti tesu dvīsu pañcakesu. <span class="bld">Itara</span>nti ekabhaṇḍapañcakaṃ. <span class="bld">Ārāma</span>nti pupphārāmaphalārāmaṃ. <span class="bld">Abhiyuñjatī</span>ti (pārā. aṭṭha. 1.102) parasantakaṃ ‘‘mama santakova aya’’nti musā bhaṇitvā abhiyuñjati codeti, aṭṭaṃ karotīti attho. Sampajānamusāvādepi adinnādānassa pubbapayogattā dukkaṭanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘āpatti</span> <a name="M0.0198"></a> <span class="bld">dukkaṭassā’’</span>ti, dukkaṭasaṅkhātā āpatti bhaveyyāti attho. Atha vā dukkaṭasaññitassa vītikkamassa āpajjananti attho. Esa nayo ‘‘āpatti thullaccayassā’’tiādīsu. <span class="bld">Sāmikassa vimatiṃ uppādetī</span>ti vinicchayakusalatāya, balavanissitādibhāvena vā ārāmasāmikassa saṃsayaṃ janeti. Kathaṃ? Tañhi tathā vinicchayappasutaṃ disvā sāmiko cinteti ‘‘sakkhissāmi nu kho ahaṃ imaṃ ārāmaṃ attano kātuṃ, na sakkhissāmi nu kho’’ti. Evaṃ tassa vimati uppajjamānā tena uppāditā hoti. <span class="bld">Dhuraṃ nikkhipatī</span>ti yadā pana sāmiko ‘‘ayaṃ thaddho kakkhaḷo jīvitabrahmacariyantarāyampi me kareyya, alaṃ dāni mayhaṃ iminā ārāmenā’’ti dhuraṃ nikkhipati, ussāhaṃ ṭhapeti, attano santakakaraṇe nirussāho hotīti attho. <span class="bld">Āpatti pārājikassa</span> sace sayampi katadhuranikkhepo cāti adhippāyo. Atha pana sāmikena dhure nikkhittepi abhiyuñjako dhuraṃ anikkhipitvāva ‘‘imaṃ suṭṭhu pīḷetvā mama āṇāpavattiṃ dassetvā kiṅkārappaṭissāvibhāve ṭhapetvā dassāmī’’ti dātabbabhāve saussāho, rakkhati tāva. Athāpi abhiyuñjako acchinditvā ‘‘na dāni imaṃ imassa dassāmī’’ti dhuraṃ nikkhipati, sāmiko pana dhuraṃ na nikkhipati, pakkhaṃ pariyesati, kālaṃ āgameti, ‘‘lajjiparisaṃ tāva labhāmi, pacchā jānissāmī’’ti gahaṇeyeva saussāho hoti, rakkhatiyeva. Yadā pana ‘‘sopi na dassāmī’’ti, ‘‘sāmikopi na lacchāmī’’ti evaṃ ubho dhuraṃ nikkhipanti, tadā abhiyuñjakassa pārājikaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aññassa bhaṇḍaṃ haranto</span>ti vetanena vā mittabhāvena vā aññassa bhaṇḍaṃ haranto. <span class="bld">Sīse bhāra</span>nti <a name="V0.0186"></a> sīse ṭhitabhāraṃ. Sīsassa tāva purimagale galavāṭako, piṭṭhigale kesañci kesante āvaṭṭo hoti, galasseva ubhosu passesu kesañci kesā oruyha jāyanti, ye ‘‘kaṇṇacūḷikā’’ti vuccanti, tesaṃ adhobhāgo cāti ayaṃ heṭṭhimako paricchedo, tato upari <span class="bld">sīsaṃ,</span> etthantare ṭhitabhāranti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Khandhaṃ oropetī</span>ti ubhosu passesu kaṇṇacūḷikāhi paṭṭhāya heṭṭhā, kapparehi paṭṭhāya upari, piṭṭhigalāvaṭṭato ca galavāṭakato ca paṭṭhāya heṭṭhā, piṭṭhivemajjhāvaṭṭato ca uraparicchedamajjhe, hadayāvāṭakato ca paṭṭhāya upari <span class="bld">khandho,</span> taṃ oropeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ayaṃ <a name="M0.0199"></a> panettha vinicchayo – yo bhikkhu ‘‘idaṃ gahetvā ettha yāhī’’ti (pārā. aṭṭha. 1.101) sāmikehi anāṇatto sayameva ‘‘mayhaṃ idaṃ nāma detha, ahaṃ vo bhaṇḍaṃ vahāmī’’ti tesaṃ bhaṇḍaṃ sīsena ādāya gacchanto theyyacittena taṃ bhaṇḍaṃ āmasati, dukkaṭaṃ. Yathāvuttasīsaparicchedaṃ anatikkamantova ito cito ca ghaṃsanto sāretipi paccāsāretipi, thullaccayaṃ. Khandhaṃ oropitamatte kiñcāpi sāmikānaṃ ‘‘vahatū’’ti cittaṃ atthi, tehi pana anāṇattattā pārājikaṃ. Khandhaṃ pana anoropetvāpi sīsato kesaggamattampi cāventassa pārājikaṃ. Yamakabhārassa pana eko bhāgo sīse patiṭṭhāti, eko piṭṭhiyaṃ, tattha dvinnaṃ ṭhānānaṃ vasena vinicchayo veditabbo. Ayaṃ pana suddhasīsabhārasseva vasena vutto. Yo cāyaṃ sīsabhāre vutto, khandhabhārādīsupi ayameva vinicchayo veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upanikkhittaṃ bhaṇḍa</span>nti saṅgopanatthāya attano hatthe parehi ṭhapitabhaṇḍaṃ. Ahaṃ na gaṇhāmīti sambandho. Atītatthe cetaṃ vattamānavacanaṃ, nāhaṃ gahesinti attho. <span class="bld">Dukkaṭaṃ</span> (pārā. aṭṭha. 1.111) sampajānamusāvādepi adinnādānassa pubbapayogattā. ‘‘Kiṃ tumhe bhaṇatha, nevidaṃ mayhaṃ anurūpaṃ, na tumhāka’’ntiādīni vadantassāpi dukkaṭameva. <span class="bld">Sāmikassa vimatiṃ uppādetī</span>ti ‘‘raho mayā etassa hatthe ṭhapitaṃ, na añño koci jānāti, dassati nu kho me, no’’ti sāmikassa vimatiṃ uppādeti. <span class="bld">Dhuraṃ nikkhipatī</span>ti tassa pharusādibhāvaṃ disvā ussāhaṃ ṭhapeti. Tatra sacāyaṃ bhikkhu ‘‘kilametvā naṃ dassāmī’’ti dāne saussāho, rakkhati tāva. Sace so dāne nirussāho, bhaṇḍasāmiko pana gahaṇe saussāho, rakkhateva. Yadi pana so tasmiṃ dāne nirussāho, bhaṇḍasāmikopi ‘‘na mayhaṃ dassatī’’ti dhuraṃ nikkhipati, evaṃ ubhinnaṃ dhuranikkhepena bhikkhuno pārājikaṃ. Yadipi mukhena ‘‘dassāmī’’ti vadati, cittena pana adātukāmo, evampi sāmikassa dhuranikkhepena bhikkhuno pārājikaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sahabhaṇḍahārakaṃ</span> <a name="V0.0187"></a> <span class="bld">nessāmī</span>ti ‘‘sahabhaṇḍahārakaṃ bhaṇḍaṃ nessāmī’’ti cintetvā. <span class="bld">Paṭhamaṃ pādaṃ atikkāmetī</span>ti bhaṇḍahārakaṃ tajjetvā tassa gamanapathaṃ vāretvā attanā rucitamaggaṃ ekapādaṃ atikkāmeti. <span class="bld">Thalaṭṭha</span>nti (pārā. aṭṭha. 1.95) thale nikkhittaṃ, bhūmitale vā pāsāṇapabbatatalādīsu vā yattha katthaci paṭicchanne vā appaṭicchanne vā ṭhapitanti attho. <span class="bld">Phandāpeti, thullaccaya</span>nti yo phandāpeti<a name="M0.0200"></a>, tassa payoge payoge thullaccayaṃ, āmasane dukkaṭaṃ, phandāpane thullaccayañca visuṃ visuṃ theyyacittena āmasanaphandāpanapayoge karontasseva hoti. ‘‘Ekapayogena gaṇhantassa pana uddhāre pārājikameva, na dukkaṭathullaccayānī’’ti vadanti. <span class="bld">Ṭhānā</span>ti ṭhitaṭṭhānato. Sace taṃ thalaṭṭhaṃ rāsikataṃ hoti, antokumbhiyaṃ bhājanagatakaraṇamuṭṭhicchedanavinicchayena vinicchinitabbaṃ. Sace ekābaddhaṃ silesaniyyāsādi, pakkamadhuphāṇitavinicchayena vinicchinitabbaṃ. Sace garukaṃ hoti bhārabaddhaṃ lohapiṇḍitelamadhughaṭādi vā, kumbhiyaṃ ṭhānācāvanavinicchayena vinicchinitabbaṃ. Saṅkhalikābaddhassa ca ṭhānabhedo sallakkhetabbo. Pattharitvā ṭhapitaṃ pana pāvārattharaṇakaṭasārakādiṃ ujukaṃ gahetvā ākaḍḍhati, pārimante orimantena phuṭṭhokāsaṃ atikkante pārājikaṃ. Tatheva gahetvā parato pellati, pārimante phuṭṭhokāsaṃ orimante atikkante pārājikaṃ. Vāmato vā dakkhiṇato vā apanāmentassa vāmantena vā dakkhiṇantena vā phuṭṭhokāsaṃ dakkhiṇante vā vāmante vā atikkante pārājikaṃ. Veṭhetvā uddharati, kesaggamattaṃ ākāsagataṃ karontassa pārājikaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sako hattho <span class="bld">sahattho,</span> tena nibbatto, tassa vā sambandhīti <span class="bld">sāhatthiko,</span> avahāro. Āṇāpanaṃ <span class="bld">āṇatti,</span> tāya āṇattiyā nibbatto avahāro <span class="bld">āṇattiko</span>. Nissajjanaṃ <span class="bld">nissaggo,</span> suṅkaghātaṭṭhāne, parikappitokāse ca ṭhatvā bhaṇḍassa bahi nipātanaṃ, nissaggova <span class="bld">nissaggiyo</span>. Kiriyāsiddhito puretarameva pārājikāpattisaṅkhātaṃ atthaṃ sādhetīti <span class="bld">atthasādhako</span>. Dhurassa ālayasaṅkhātassa bhārassa nikkhipanaṃ pariccajanaṃ nirussāhabhāvāpajjanaṃ <span class="bld">dhuranikkhepo</span>. Idāni byañjane ādaraṃ akatvā tesaṃ atthamattameva dassento <span class="bld">‘‘tattha sāhatthiko nāmā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Sahatthā</span>ti sahatthena. Karaṇatthe hi idaṃ nissakkavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Asukassa bhaṇḍaṃ avaharā’’ti aññaṃ āṇāpetī</span>ti etthāpi āṇattikkhaṇe eva āpatti daṭṭhabbā. Yadi evaṃ imassa, atthasādhakassa ca ko visesoti? Taṃ khaṇaṃ eva gahaṇe niyuñjanaṃ āṇattikapayogo, kālantarena gahaṇatthaṃ niyogo atthasādhakoti (sārattha. ṭī. 2.92; vi. vi. ṭī. 1.92) ayametesaṃ visesoti. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘asukassa bhaṇḍaṃ yadā sakkosi, tadā taṃ avaharāti āṇāpetī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Suṅkaghātaparikappitokāsāna</span>nti <a name="M0.0201"></a> suṅkaghātañca parikappitokāso ca suṅkaghātaparikappitokāsā, <a name="V0.0188"></a> tesaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">suṅkaghāta</span>nti (pārā. aṭṭha. 1.113) rukkhapabbatādisaññāṇena niyamitassa suṅkaṭṭhānassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Tañhi yasmā tato rājadeyyabhāgaṃ suṅkaṃ adatvā nīharantā rañño suṅkaṃ hananti vināsenti, tasmā ‘‘suṅkaghāta’’nti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Koci parapariveṇādīni paviṭṭho kiñci lobhaneyyabhaṇḍaṃ disvā dvārappamukhādivasena yaṃ ṭhānaṃ ‘‘sace maṃ etthantare passissanti, daṭṭhukāmatāya gahetvā vicaranto viya dassāmi, no ce passissanti, harissāmī’’ti parikappeti, ayaṃ <span class="bld">parikappitokāso. Āṇattikkhaṇeyeva pārājika</span>nti (pārā. aṭṭha. 1.121) atthasādhakacetanākkhaṇeyeva pārājikaṃ. Sacepi avahārako saṭṭhivassātikkamenapi taṃ bhaṇḍaṃ avaharati, āṇāpako ca antarāyeva kālaṃ karoti, hīnāya vā āvattati, assamaṇova hutvā kālaṃ vā karissati, hīnāya vā āvattissati, avahārakassa pana avahārakkhaṇeyeva pārājikaṃ. <span class="bld">Pādagghanakatela</span>nti (pārā. aṭṭha. 1.94) ettha <span class="bld">pādo</span> nāma kahāpaṇassa catuttho bhāgo, taṃ agghatīti <span class="bld">pādagghanakaṃ,</span> pādagghanakañca taṃ telañcāti <span class="bld">pādagghanakatelaṃ</span>. Upāhanā ādi yesaṃ vatthūnaṃ tāni <span class="bld">upāhanādīni. Ādi</span>saddena dukūlasāṭakacammakkhaṇḍādīnaṃ gahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Pakkhipatī</span>ti theyyacittena pakkhipati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘hatthato muttamatteyeva pārājika’’</span>nti sace pana attanopi kumbhiyaṃ añño sappiṃ vā telaṃ vā ākirati, tatra cāyaṃ theyyacittena telapivanakaṃ bhaṇḍaṃ pakkhipati, vuttanayeneva pārājikaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāyena vā vācāya vā payuñjanaṃ āṇāpanaṃ <span class="bld">payogo,</span> āṇattassa bhaṇḍaggahaṇato pubbattā <span class="bld">pubbo,</span> iti pubbo ca so payogo cāti <span class="bld">pubbapayogo</span>. Payogena saha vattamāno avahāro <span class="bld">sahapayogo</span>. Samaṃ ekī hutvā vidahitvā mantetvā avaharaṇaṃ <span class="bld">saṃvidhāvahāro,</span> aññamaññaṃ saññuppattiyā katāvahāroti vuttaṃ hoti. Pubbaṇhādikālaparicchedena sañjānanaṃ <span class="bld">saṅketo,</span> tassa kammaṃ <span class="bld">saṅketakammaṃ</span>. Nimittassa kammaṃ <span class="bld">nimittakammaṃ,</span> saññuppādanatthaṃ kassaci nimittassa karaṇanti attho. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti yathāvuttesu pubbapayogādīsu pañcasu. <span class="bld">Khilādīni saṅkāmetvā khettādiggahaṇavasenā</span>ti khilaṃ, rajjuṃ, vatiṃ, mariyādaṃ vā pākāraṃ <a name="M0.0202"></a> vā saṅkāmetvā khettaggahaṇavasena, khilaṃ, rajjuṃ, vatiṃ, mariyādaṃ vā pākāraṃ vā saṅkāmetvā vatthuggahaṇavasena. Sace pana dvīhi khilehi gahetabbaṃ hoti, paṭhame khile thullaccayaṃ, dutiye pārājikaṃ (pārā. aṭṭha. 1.104). Sace tīhi gahetabbaṃ hoti, paṭhame dukkaṭaṃ, dutiye thullaccayaṃ, tatiye pārājikaṃ. Evaṃ bahukesupi avasāne dve ṭhapetvā purimehi dukkaṭaṃ, avasāne dvinnaṃ ekena thullaccayaṃ<a name="V0.0189"></a>, itarena pārājikaṃ. Rajjupasāraṇādīsupi eseva nayo. Yaṃ pana <span class="bld">samantapāsādikāyaṃ</span> ‘‘tañca kho sāmikānaṃ dhuranikkhepenā’’ti (pārā. aṭṭha. 1.104) vuttaṃ, taṃ ‘‘khettaṃ abhiyuñjati, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’tiādi (pārā. 104) -adhikāre vuttattā abhiyogavasena gahaṇaṃ sandhāyāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṃvidahitvā</span>ti etasseva vevacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṃmantayitvā</span>ti ekacchandatāya ekajjhāsayatāya bhaṇitvāti attho. Imasmiṃ avahāre asammohatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ saṃvidahitvā gatesu hī’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Sañjānanakamma</span>nti pubbaṇhādikālaparicchedavasena saññāṇakaraṇaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sace hī’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca ‘‘purebhattaṃ avaharā’’ti vutte (pārā. aṭṭha. 1.119) ajja vā purebhattaṃ avaharatu, sve vā, anāgate vā saṃvacchare, natthi visaṅketo, ubhinnampi pārājikaṃ. Sace pana ‘‘ajja purebhattaṃ avaharā’’ti vutte sve avaharati. ‘‘Ajjā’’ti niyamitaṃ saṅketaṃ atikkamma pacchā avahaṭaṃ hoti. Sace ‘‘sve purebhattaṃ avaharā’’ti vutte ajja purebhattaṃ avaharati, ‘‘sve’’ti niyamitaṃ taṃ saṅketaṃ apatvā pure avahaṭaṃ hoti, evaṃ avaharantassa avahārakasseva pārājikaṃ, mūlaṭṭhassa anāpatti. ‘‘Sveva purebhatta’’nti vutte tadaheva vā, sve pacchābhattaṃ vā avaharantopi taṃsaṅketato pure ca pacchā ca avaharati. Yo pana evaṃakatvā yathāparicchinnakālameva avaharati, ayaṃ <span class="bld">saṅketato apure apacchā taṃ avaharatī</span>ti veditabbo. Esa nayo pacchābhattarattindivesupi, purimayāmamajjhimayāmapacchimayāmakāḷajuṇhamāsautusaṃvaccharādivasenāpi ettha saṅketavisaṅketatā veditabbā. Parabhaṇḍāvahārasaññuppādassa hetuttā akkhinikhaṇādīneva nimittanti <span class="bld">akkhinikhaṇādinimittaṃ,</span> tassa karaṇaṃ <span class="bld">akkhinikhaṇādinimittakaraṇaṃ</span>. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena bhamukukkhepasīsakampanahatthalaṅghanapāṇippahāraaṅguliphoṭanagīvunnāmanaukkāsanādianekappakāraṃ saṅgaṇhāti. Sesamettha saṅketakamme vuttanayameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Theno</span> <a name="M0.0203"></a> vuccati coro, tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">theyyaṃ,</span> tena avaharaṇaṃ <span class="bld">theyyāvahāro</span>. Pasayha abhibhavitvā avaharaṇaṃ <span class="bld">pasayhāvahāro</span>. Vatthasuttādikaṃ paricchijja kappanaṃ <span class="bld">parikappo,</span> tena avaharaṇaṃ <span class="bld">parikappāvahāro</span>. Tiṇapaṇṇādīhi paṭicchannassa avahāro <span class="bld">paṭicchannāvahāro</span>. Kusena avahāro <span class="bld">kusāvahāro</span>. <span class="bld">Kūṭamānakūṭakahāpaṇādīhī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">kūṭamānaṃ</span> (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 1.10; ma. ni. aṭṭha. 1.293; pu. pa. aṭṭha. 179) nāma hadayabhedasikhābhedarajjubhedavasena tividhaṃ mānakūṭaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">hadaya</span>nti nāḷiādimānabhājanānaṃ abbhantaraṃ, tassa bhedo chiddakaraṇaṃ <span class="bld">hadayabhedo,</span> so sappitelādiminanakāle labbhati. Tāni hi gaṇhanto heṭṭhāchiddena mānena ‘‘saṇikaṃ <a name="V0.0190"></a> āsiñcā’’ti vatvā antobhājane bahuṃ paggharāpetvā gaṇhāti, dadanto ca chiddaṃ pidhāya sīghaṃ pūretvā deti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sikhābhedo</span> pana tilataṇḍulādiminanakāle labbhati. Tāni hi gaṇhanto saṇikaṃ sikhaṃ ussāpetvā gaṇhāti, dadanto vegena pūretvā sikhaṃ chindanto deti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rajjubhedo</span> khettavatthuminanakāle labbhati. Khettādiṃ minantā hi amahantampi mahantaṃ katvā minanti, mahantampi amahantaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tambakaṃsādimayo kūṭo kahāpaṇo <span class="bld">kūṭakahāpaṇo. Ādi</span>saddena tulākūṭakaṃsakūṭavañcanādiṃ saṅgaṇhāti. Tattha <span class="bld">tulākūṭaṃ</span> rūpakūṭaṃ, aṅgakūṭaṃ, gahaṇakūṭaṃ, paṭicchannakūṭanti catubbidhaṃ hoti. Tattha <span class="bld">rūpakūṭaṃ</span> nāma dve tulā samarūpā katvā gaṇhanto mahatiyā gaṇhāti, dadanto khuddikāya deti. <span class="bld">Aṅgakūṭaṃ</span> nāma gaṇhanto pacchābhāge hatthena tulaṃ akkamati, dadanto pubbabhāge akkamati. <span class="bld">Gahaṇakūṭaṃ</span> nāma gaṇhanto mūle rajjuṃ gaṇhāti, dadanto agge. <span class="bld">Paṭicchannakūṭaṃ</span> nāma tulaṃ susiraṃ katvā anto ayacuṇṇaṃ pakkhipitvā gaṇhanto taṃ pacchābhāge karoti, dadanto aggabhāge.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kaṃso</span> vuccati suvaṇṇapāti, tāya vañcanaṃ <span class="bld">kaṃsakūṭaṃ</span>. Kathaṃ? Ekaṃ suvaṇṇapātiṃ katvā aññā dve tisso lohapātiyo suvaṇṇavaṇṇā karonti. Tato janapadaṃ gantvā kiñcideva aḍḍhaṃ kulaṃ pavisitvā ‘‘suvaṇṇabhājanāni kiṇāthā’’ti vatvā agghe pucchite samagghataraṃ dātukāmā honti<a name="M0.0204"></a>. Tato tehi ‘‘kathaṃ imesaṃ suvaṇṇabhāvo jānitabbo’’ti vutte ‘‘vīmaṃsitvā gaṇhathā’’ti suvaṇṇapātiṃ pāsāṇe ghaṃsitvā sabbā pātiyo datvā gacchati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vañcanaṃ</span> nāma tehi tehi upāyehi paresaṃ vañcanaṃ. Tatridamekaṃ vatthu – eko kira luddako migañca migapotakañca gahetvā āgacchati, tameko dhutto ‘‘kiṃ bho migo agghati, kiṃ migapotako’’ti āha. ‘‘Migo dve kahāpaṇe, migapotako eka’’nti vutte ekaṃ kahāpaṇaṃ datvā migapotakaṃ gahetvā thokaṃ gantvā nivattento ‘‘na me bho migapotakena attho, migaṃ me dehī’’ti āha. ‘‘Tena hi dve kahāpaṇe dehī’’ti āha. So āha ‘‘nanu bho mayā paṭhamaṃ eko kahāpaṇo dinno’’ti. Āma dinno, imaṃ migapotakaṃ gaṇha, evaṃ so ca kahāpaṇo<a name="V0.0191"></a>, ayañca kahāpaṇagghanako migapotakoti dve kahāpaṇā bhavissantīti. So ‘‘kāraṇaṃ vadatī’’ti sallakkhetvā migapotakaṃ gahetvā migaṃ adāsīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pasayhā</span>ti (pārā. aṭṭha. 1.138) pare abhibhuyya. Gāmaṃ ghātentīti <span class="bld">gāmaghātakā,</span> gāmaṃ paharantā corā, te ādi yesaṃ te <span class="bld">gāmaghātakādayo</span>. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena cettha panthaghātakādīnaṃ gahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Uddhāreyeva pārājika</span>nti ‘‘sace sāṭako bhavissati, gaṇhissāmī’’ti parikappassa pavattattā, sāṭakassa ca tattha sabbhāvato. <span class="bld">Padavārena kāretabbo</span>ti bhūmiyaṃ anikkhipitvāva vīmaṃsitattā vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhaṇḍadeyya</span>nti yaṃ parassa naṭṭhaṃ, tassa mūlaṃ vā tadeva vā bhaṇḍaṃ dātabbanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti yo evaṃ parikappeti, tassa. Imassa ‘‘avahāro hotī’’ti iminā sambandho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paresa</span>nti kīḷantānaṃ, pavisantānaṃ vā paresaṃ manussānaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Pacchā gaṇhissāmī’’ti paṃsunā vā paṇṇena vā paṭicchādetī</span>ti ‘‘sace idāneva onamitvā gaṇhissāmi, ‘kiṃ samaṇo gaṇhātī’ti maṃ jānitvā viheṭheyyuṃ pacchā gaṇhissāmī’’ti paṃsunā vā paṇṇena vā paṭicchādeti. <span class="bld">Uddhāro natthī</span>ti ṭhānācāvanaṃ natthīti attho. <span class="bld">Sāmikā</span>ti antāgāmaṃ pavisitukāmā bhaṇḍasāmikā manussā. <span class="bld">Uddhāre</span>ti uddharaṇe, ṭhānācāvaneti attho<a name="M0.0205"></a>. Ṭhānācāvanañcettha heṭṭhā vuttanayānusārena veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Pavesetī</span>ti ṭhānācāvanavasena paveseti, heṭṭhimantena phuṭṭhokāsaṃ kesaggamattampi uparimantena atikkāmento pavesetīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samagghatara</span>nti appagghataraṃ. <span class="bld">Uddhaṭamatte avahāro</span>ti sakabhāvappayogassa niṭṭhāpitattā, na atthasādhakavasena. <span class="bld">Uddhāre rakkhati</span> attano koṭṭhāse pātetukāmatāya uddhaṭattā. Eseva nayo <span class="bld">pātanepi rakkhatī</span>ti etthāpi. <span class="bld">‘‘Uddhāreyeva rakkhatī’’</span>ti imināva pātane na rakkhatīti atthe siddhepi atthasādhakavasena atthaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘taṃ uddharitvā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Sace pana dvīsupi koṭṭhāsesu patitadaṇḍake adassanaṃ gameti (pārā. aṭṭha. 1.138), tato avasesabhikkhūsu gatesu itaro ‘‘mayhaṃ, bhante, daṇḍako na paññāyatī’’ti, ‘‘mayhampi, āvuso, na paññāyatī’’ti, ‘‘katamo pana, bhante, mayhaṃ bhāgo’’ti. ‘‘Ayaṃ tuyhaṃ bhāgo’’ti attano bhāgaṃ dasseti. Tasmiṃ vivaditvā vā avivaditvā vā taṃ gaṇhitvā gate itaro tassa bhāgaṃ uddharati, uddhāre <a name="V0.0192"></a> pārājikaṃ. Sacepi tena ‘‘ahaṃ mama bhāgaṃ tuyhaṃ na demi, tvaṃ pana attano bhāgaṃ ñatvā gaṇhā’’ti vuttepi ‘‘nāyaṃ mamā’’ti jānantopi tasseva bhāgaṃ gaṇhāti, uddhāre pārājikaṃ. Sace pana itaro ‘‘ayaṃ tuyhaṃ bhāgo, ayaṃ mayhaṃ bhāgoti kiṃ iminā vivādenā’’ti cintetvā ‘‘mayhaṃ vā patto hotu, tumhākaṃ vā, yo varabhāgo, taṃ tumhe gaṇhathā’’ti vadati, dinnakaṃ nāma gahitaṃ hoti, natthettha avahāro. Sace so vivādabhīruko bhikkhu ‘‘yaṃ tuyhaṃ ruccati, taṃ gaṇhā’’ti vutto attano pattaṃ varabhāgaṃ ṭhapetvā lāmakaṃyeva gahetvā gacchati, tato itarassa vicinitāvasesaṃ gaṇhantassāpi avahāro nattheva. Evamimāni pañca pañcakāni samodhānetvā ime pañcavīsati avahārā veditabbā. Niṭṭhito ‘‘ādiyeyyā’’ti imassa padassa vinicchayo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘iti yaṃ vuttaṃ…pe… yassattho pakāsito hotī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rājāno</span>ti kiñcāpi avisesena vuttaṃ, aparādhānurūpaṃ pana chejjabhejjānusāsako pamāṇabhūtova idhādhippetoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘rājānoti idaṃ bimbisāraṃyeva sandhāya vutta’’</span>nti. So hi dhammikarājattā yathāpaveṇiyāva karoti. Aññe pana kākaṇikamattassapi sīsaṃ chindeyyuṃ<a name="M0.0206"></a>, bahukassāpi na vā kiñci kareyyuṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘aññe panā’’</span>tiādi. Hananaṃ nāma pothanañceva chedanañcāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘hatthādīhi vā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena pādakasāvettaaḍḍhadaṇḍakānaṃ gahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Rajjubandhanādīhī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>saddena andubandhanasaṅkhalikābandhanagharabandhananagarabandhanapurisaguttīnaṃ gahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Nīhareyyu</span>nti raṭṭhato nikkhāmeyyuṃ. <span class="bld">Corosi…pe… thenosī</span>ti ettha ‘‘paribhāseyyu’’nti padaṃ ajjhāharitabbaṃ ūnattā padappayogassa. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘imehi vacanehi paribhāseyyu’’</span>nti. Yathārūpaṃ pana yasmā pādato paṭṭhāya hoti, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘pādassa vā pādārahassa vā’’</span>ti āha. Porāṇakassa kahāpaṇassa catuttho bhāgo <span class="bld">pādo,</span> pādaṃ arahatīti <span class="bld">pādāraho,</span> tassa pādassa vā pādārahassa vā. Ettha ca pādena kahāpaṇassa catutthabhāgaṃ akappiyabhaṇḍameva dasseti, pādārahena pādagghanakaṃ kappiyabhaṇḍaṃ. Ettāvatā heṭṭhimantadassanena sabbākārena dutiyapārājikappahonakavatthu dassitaṃ hotīti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Porāṇakassā</span>ti (sārattha. ṭī. 2.88; vi. vi. ṭī. 1.88) porāṇasatthānurūpaṃ uppāditassa lakkhaṇasampannassa nīlakahāpaṇasadisassa kahāpaṇassa. Etena rudradāmakādīni paṭikkhipati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ asādhāraṇavinicchayaṃ dassetvā idāni sādhāraṇavinicchayaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘rājagahe’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Rañño</span>ti bimbisārarañño. <span class="bld">Māsako</span> nāma porāṇakassa kahāpaṇassa vīsatimo bhāgo. Yo loke ‘‘mañjeṭṭhī’’tipi vuccati. Idāni imasmiṃ adinnādāne vinicchayaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sabbatthā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbatthā</span>ti ūnamāsakātirekamāsakapañcamāsakesu. <span class="bld">Parihīnāparihīnavasenā</span>ti agghassa parihīnāparihīnavasena. Ayamettha saṅkhepo<a name="V0.0193"></a>, vitthāro pana evaṃ veditabbo – idañhi adinnādānaṃ vinicchinantena otiṇṇe vatthusmiṃ sahasā avinicchinitvā pañca ṭhānāni oloketabbāni. Yāni sandhāya porāṇā āhu –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Vatthuṃ kālañca desañca, agghaṃ paribhogapañcamaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tulayitvā pañcaṭhānāni, dhāreyyatthaṃ vicakkhaṇo’’ti. (pārā. aṭṭha. 1.92);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha ca <span class="bld">vatthū</span>ti bhaṇḍaṃ. Avahārakena hi ‘‘mayā idaṃ nāma avahaṭa’’nti vuttepi āpattiṃ anāropetvāva taṃ bhaṇḍaṃ sasāmikaṃ vā asāmikaṃ vāti <a name="M0.0207"></a> upaparikkhitabbaṃ. Sasāmikepi sāmikānaṃ sālayabhāvo vā nirālayabhāvo vā upaparikkhitabbo. Sace tesaṃ sālayakāle avahaṭaṃ, bhaṇḍaṃ agghāpetvā āpatti kāretabbā. Sace nirālayakāle, na pārājikena kāretabbo. Bhaṇḍasāmikesu pana bhaṇḍaṃ āharāpentesu bhaṇḍaṃ dātabbaṃ. Ayamettha sāmīci. Evaṃ vatthu oloketabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kālo</span>ti avahārakālo. Tadeva hi bhaṇḍaṃ kadāci samagghaṃ hoti, kadāci mahagghaṃ. Tasmā taṃ bhaṇḍaṃ yasmiṃ kāle avahaṭaṃ, tasmiṃyeva kāle yo tassa aggho, tena agghena āpatti kāretabbā. Evaṃ kālo oloketabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Deso</span>ti avahāradeso. Tañhi bhaṇḍaṃ yasmiṃ dese avahaṭaṃ, tasmiṃyeva dese yo tassa aggho, tena agghena āpatti kāretabbā. Bhaṇḍuṭṭhānadese hi bhaṇḍaṃ samagghaṃ hoti, aññattha mahagghaṃ. Evaṃ deso oloketabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aggho</span>ti (pārā. aṭṭha. 1.92) bhaṇḍaggho. Navabhaṇḍassa hi yo aggho, so pacchā parihāyati. Yathā navadhoto patto aṭṭha vā dasa vā agghati, so pacchā bhinno vā chiddo vā āṇigaṇṭhikāhato vā appaggho hoti, tasmā na sabbadā bhaṇḍaṃ pakatiaggheneva kātabbanti. Evaṃ aggho oloketabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paribhogo</span>ti bhaṇḍassa paribhogo. Paribhogenāpi hi vāsiādibhaṇḍassa aggho parihāyati, tasmā evaṃ upaparikkhitabbaṃ – sace koci kassaci pādagghanakaṃ vāsiṃ harati, tatra <a name="V0.0194"></a> vāsisāmiko pucchitabbo ‘‘tayā ayaṃ vāsi kittakena kītā’’ti. ‘‘Pādena, bhante’’ti. ‘‘Kiṃ pana te kiṇitvāva ṭhapitā, udāhu taṃ valañjesī’’ti? Sace vadati ‘‘ekadivasaṃ me dantakaṭṭhaṃ vā rajanachalli vā pattapacanadāru vā chinnaṃ, ghaṃsitvā vā nisitā’’ti. Athassa porāṇo aggho bhaṭṭhoti veditabbo. Yathā ca vāsiyā, evaṃ añjaniyā vā añjanisalākāya vā kuñcikāya vā palālena vā thusehi vā iṭṭhakacuṇṇena vā ekavāraṃ ghaṃsitvā dhovanamattenāpi aggho bhassati. Tipumaṇḍalassa makaradantacchedanenāpi parimaddanamattenāpi, udakasāṭikāya sakiṃ nivāsanapārupanenāpi, paribhogasīsena <a name="M0.0208"></a> aṃse vā sīse vā ṭhapanamattenāpi, taṇḍulādīnaṃ papphoṭanenāpi tato ekaṃ vā dve vā apanayanenapi, antamaso ekaṃ pāsāṇasakkharaṃ uddharitvā chaḍḍitamattenāpi, sappitelādīnaṃ bhājanantaraparivattanenapi, antamaso tato makkhikaṃ vā kipillikaṃ vā uddharitvā chaḍḍitamattenapi, guḷapiṇḍakassa madhurabhāvajānanatthaṃ nakhena vijjhitvā aṇumattaṃ gahitamattenapi aggho bhassati. Tasmā yaṃ kiñci pādagghanakaṃ vuttanayeneva sāmikena paribhogena ūnaṃ kataṃ hoti, na taṃ avahārako bhikkhu pārājikena kāretabboti. Evaṃ paribhogo oloketabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ imāni <span class="bld">tulayitvā pañca ṭhānāni dhāreyya atthaṃ vicakkhaṇo</span> āpattiṃ vā anāpattiṃ vā garukaṃ vā lahukaṃ vā āpattiṃ yathāṭhāne ṭhapeyyāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ tattha vinicchayaṃ dassetvā idāni anāpattiṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘sakasaññissā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">sakasaññissā</span>ti ‘‘mayhaṃ santakaṃ idaṃ bhaṇḍa’’nti evaṃ sakasaññissa parabhaṇḍampi gaṇhato gahaṇe anāpatti, gahitaṃ pana puna dātabbaṃ. Sace sāmikehi ‘‘dehī’’ti vutto na deti, tesaṃ dhuranikkhepe pārājikaṃ. <span class="bld">Vissāsaggāhe</span>ti (pārā. aṭṭha. 1.131) vissāsaggahaṇepi anāpatti. Vissāsaggāhalakkhaṇaṃ pana iminā suttena jānitabbaṃ –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pañcahaṅgehi samannāgatassa vissāsaṃ gahetuṃ, sandiṭṭho ca hoti, sambhatto ca ālapito ca jīvati ca jānāti ca ‘gahite me attamano’’’ti (mahāva. 356).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">sandiṭṭho</span>ti diṭṭhamattakamitto. <span class="bld">Sambhatto</span>ti daḷhamitto. <span class="bld">Ālapito</span>ti ‘‘mama santakaṃ yaṃ icchasi, taṃ gaṇheyyāsi, āpucchitvā gahaṇe kāraṇaṃ natthī’’ti vutto. <span class="bld">Jīvatī</span>ti anuṭṭhānaseyyāya <a name="V0.0195"></a> sayitopi yāva jīvitindriyupacchedaṃ na pāpuṇāti. <span class="bld">Gahite ca attamano</span>ti gahite tuṭṭhacitto. Evarūpassa santakaṃ ‘‘gahite me attamano bhavissatī’’ti jānantena gahetuṃ vaṭṭati. Anavasesapariyādānavasena cetāni pañcaṅgāni vuttāni. Vissāsaggāho pana tīhi aṅgehi ruhati. Kathaṃ? Sandiṭṭho, jīvati, gahite attamano, sambhatto, jīvati, gahite attamano, ālapito, jīvati, gahite attamanoti evaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yo <a name="M0.0209"></a> pana jīvati, na ca gahite attamano hoti, tassa santakaṃ vissāsabhāvena gahitampi puna dātabbaṃ. Dadantena ca matakadhanaṃ tāva ye tassa dhane issarā gahaṭṭhā vā pabbajitā vā, tesaṃ dātabbaṃ. Anattamanassa santakaṃ tasseva dātabbaṃ. Yo pana paṭhamaṃyeva ‘‘suṭṭhu kataṃ tayā mama santakaṃ gaṇhantenā’’ti vacībhedena vā cittuppādamattena vā anumoditvā pacchā kenaci kāraṇena kupito, so paccāharāpetuṃ na labhati. Yo ca adātukāmo, cittena pana adhivāseti, na kiñci vadati, sopi puna paccāharāpetuṃ na labhati. Yo pana ‘‘mayā tumhākaṃ santakaṃ gahita’’nti vā ‘‘paribhutta’’nti vā vutto gahitaṃ vā hotu, paribhuttaṃ vā, ‘‘mayā pana taṃ kenacideva karaṇīyena ṭhapitaṃ, pākatikaṃ kātuṃ vaṭṭatī’’ti vadati, ayaṃ paccāharāpetuṃ labhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tāvakālike</span>ti ‘‘paṭidassāmi paṭikarissāmī’’ti evaṃ gaṇhantassa tāvakālikepi gahaṇe anāpatti. Gahitaṃ pana sace bhaṇḍasāmiko puggalo vā gaṇo vā ‘‘tuyhevetaṃ hotū’’ti anujānāti, iccetaṃ kusalaṃ. No ce anujānāti, āharāpente dātabbaṃ. Saṅghasantakaṃ pana paṭidātumeva vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Petapariggahe</span>ti ettha pana pettivisaye upapannāpi, kālaṃ katvā tasmiṃyeva attabhāve nibbattāpi, cātumahārājikādayo devāpi sabbe ‘‘petā’’tveva saṅkhyaṃ gatā, tesaṃ pariggahe anāpatti. Devatāya pana uddissa balikammaṃ karontehi rukkhādīsu laggitasāṭake vattabbameva natthi. Tañca kho ārakkhakehi apariggahite, pariggahitaṃ pana gahetuṃ na vaṭṭati (sārattha. ṭī. 2.131).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tiracchānagatapariggahe</span>ti nāgasupaṇṇādīnaṃ tiracchānagatānaṃ pariggahe. Sacepi hi devo vā nāgasupaṇṇo vā manussarūpena āpaṇaṃ pasāreti, tato cassa santakaṃ koci dibbacakkhuko bhikkhu taṃ ñatvā gahetvā gacchati, vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṃsukūlasaññissā</span>ti <a name="V0.0196"></a> ‘‘asāmikaṃ idaṃ paṃsukūla’’nti evasaññissāpi gahaṇe anāpatti. Sace pana taṃ sasāmikaṃ hoti, āharāpente dātabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Ummattakādīni</span> pubbe vuttappakārāneva. <span class="bld">Ādikammiko</span> panettha dhaniyo<a name="M0.0210"></a>. Avasesānaṃ pana rajakabhaṇḍikādicorānaṃ chabbaggiyādīnaṃ āpattiyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sacittakehi tīhi samuṭṭhānehi idaṃ samuṭṭhātīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘adinnādānasamuṭṭhāna’’</span>nti. Tathā hi <span class="bld">sāhatthikaṃ</span> kāyacittato samuṭṭhāti. <span class="bld">Āṇattikaṃ</span> vācācittato samuṭṭhāti. <span class="bld">Sāhattikāṇattikaṃ</span> kāyavācācittato samuṭṭhāti, tañca kho ‘‘bhāriyamidaṃ, tvaṃ ekapassaṃ gaṇha, ahaṃ ekapassa’’nti saṃvidhāya ubhayesaṃ payogena ekassa vatthuno ṭhānācāvane labbhati. ‘‘Kāyavacīkamma’’nti avacanaṃ pana kāyavācānaṃ īdise ṭhāne aṅgamattattā. Yāya pana cetanāya samuṭṭhāpito payogo sāhatthiko vā āṇattiko vā padhānabhāvena ṭhānācāvanaṃ sādheti, tassā vasena āpatti kāretabbā. Aññathā sāhatthikaṃ vā āṇattikassa aṅgaṃ na hoti, āṇattikaṃ vā sāhatthikassāti idaṃ virujjhati. ‘‘Adinnaṃ ādiyāmī’’ti saññāya abhāvena muccanato <span class="bld">saññāvimokkhaṃ</span>. Kāyena kataṃ kammaṃ <span class="bld">kāyakammaṃ,</span> kāyadvārena katanti attho. <span class="bld">Vacīkamma</span>nti etthāpi eseva nayo. Tuṭṭho vā bhīto vā majjhatto vā naṃ āpajjatīti <span class="bld">tivedanaṃ</span>. Sesaṃ paṭhamasikkhāpade vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Dutiyapārājikavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">3. Tatiyapārājikavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sa</span>nti sahatthe upasaggo. Tena saddhiṃ ussukkavacanametaṃ ‘‘sañciccā’’ti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sañcetetvā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Ussukkavacana</span>nti ettha ussukkavacanaṃ (sārattha. ṭī. 2.172) nāma pubbakālakiriyāvacanaṃ. Ayañhi samānakattukesu pubbāparakālakiriyāvacanesu pubbakālakiriyāvacanassa niruttivohāro. Idāni ‘‘saddhiṃ cetetvā’’ti iminā saṅkhepena vuttamevatthaṃ pākaṭaṃ katvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pāṇo’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">‘‘pāṇo’’ti saññāya saddhiṃyevā</span>ti ‘‘pāṇo’’ti saññaṃ avijahitvā eva, ‘‘pāṇo’’ti saññuppattiyā anantaranti vuttaṃ hoti. Evañca katvā kathaṃ ekakkhaṇe ekassa cittassa ubhayārammaṇabhāvoti edisī codanā anavakāsāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Keci pana ‘‘ñātapariññāya <a name="M0.0211"></a> diṭṭhasabhāvesu dhammesu tīraṇapariññāya tilakkhaṇaṃ āropetvā (sārattha. ṭī. 2.172) ‘rūpaṃ anicca’ntiādinā sabhāvena <a name="V0.0197"></a> saddhiṃ ekakkhaṇe aniccādilakkhaṇajānanaṃ viya ‘pāṇo’ti saññāya saddhiṃyeva ‘vadhāmi na’nti jānātī’’ti vadanti. Apare pana ācariyā tatthāpi evaṃ na kathenti. Ettha ca manussaviggaho’’ti avatvā ‘‘pāṇo’’ti vacanaṃ ‘‘manusso aya’’nti ajānitvā kevalaṃ sattasaññāya ghātentassāpi pārājikabhāvadassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Cetetvā</span>ti cintetvā. <span class="bld">Pakappetvā</span>ti abhivicāretvā, sanniṭṭhānaṃ karitvāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni manussaattabhāvaṃ ādito paṭṭhāya dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘manussaviggaha’’</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">kalalato paṭṭhāyā</span>ti paṭisandhiviññāṇena saddhiṃ uppannakalalarūpato paṭṭhāya. <span class="bld">Kalalarūpaṃ</span> nāma itthipurisānaṃ kāyavatthubhāvadasakavasena samatiṃsa rūpāni, napuṃsakānaṃ kāyavatthudasakavasena vīsati. Tattha itthipurisānaṃ kalalarūpaṃ jātiuṇṇāya ekena aṃsunā uddhaṭatelabindumattaṃ hoti acchaṃ vippasannaṃ. Vuttañhetaṃ aṭṭhakathāyaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Tilatelassa yathā bindu, sappimaṇḍo anāvilo;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Evaṃvaṇṇappaṭibhāgaṃ, ‘kalala’nti pavuccatī’’ti. (saṃ. ni. aṭṭha. 1.1.235; vibha. aṭṭha. 26; pārā. aṭṭha. 2.172);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ parittakaṃ vatthuṃ ādiṃ katvā yāva maraṇakālā etthantare anupubbena vuḍḍhippatto attabhāvo manussaviggaho nāmāti vuttaṃ hoti. Idañca yebhuyyavaseneva vuttaṃ. Opapātikasaṃsedajāpi hi manussā pārājikavatthuyeva. <span class="bld">Kalalakālepī</span>ti paṭhamasattāhepi. Tattha hi santativasena pavattamānaṃ kalalasaṅkhātaṃ attabhāvaṃ jīvitā voropetuṃ sakkā, na pana sabbapaṭhamaṃ kalalarūpaṃ. Paṭisandhicittena hi saddhiṃ tiṃsa kammajarūpāni nibbattanti. Tesu pana ṭhitesuyeva soḷasa bhavaṅgacittāni uppajjitvā nirujjhanti. Etasmiṃ antare gahitapaṭisandhikassa dārakassa vā mātuyā vā panassa antarāyo natthi. Ayañhi maraṇassa anokāso nāma. <span class="bld">Bhesajjasampadānenā</span>ti gabbhapātanabhesajjadānena. <span class="bld">Tato vā uddhampī</span>ti abbudapesikālādīsupi. <span class="bld">Jīvitā viyojeyyā</span>ti santativikopanavasena jīvitindriyato apaneyya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Imassa</span> <a name="M0.0212"></a> <span class="bld">panatthassā</span>ti ‘‘sañcicca manussaviggahaṃ jīvitā voropeyyā’’ti (pārā. 171) imassa atthassa. <span class="bld">Āvibhāvattha</span>nti pakāsanatthaṃ. Pāṇassa atipāto <span class="bld">pāṇātipāto,</span> pāṇavadho pāṇaghātoti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Satto</span>ti khandhasantāno. Tattha hi sattapaññatti. <span class="bld">Jīvitindriya</span>nti <a name="V0.0198"></a> rūpārūpajīvitindriyaṃ. Rūpajīvitindriye hi vikopite itarampi taṃsambandhatāya vinassatīti. <span class="bld">Yāya cetanāyā</span>ti tasmiṃ pāṇe pāṇasaññino kāyavacīdvārānaṃ aññataradvārappavattāya yāya cetanāya. Manodvāre pana pavattāya vadhakacetanāya pāṇātipātabhāvo natthi. <span class="bld">Sā cetanā</span>ti sā jīvitindriyupacchedakaupakkamasamuṭṭhāpikā kāyavacīdvārānaṃ aññataradvārappavattā vadhakacetanā. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – yāya cetanāya pavattamānassa jīvitindriyassa nissayabhūtesu mahābhūtesu upakkamakaraṇahetu taṃmahābhūtapaccayā uppajjanakamahābhūtā nuppajjissanti (sārattha. ṭī. 2.172), sā tādisapayogasamuṭṭhāpikā cetanā pāṇātipāto. Laddhūpakkamāni hi mahābhūtāni itarabhūtāni viya na visadānīti samānajātikānaṃ kāraṇaṃ na hontīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pāṇātipāto assa atthīti <span class="bld">pāṇātipātī</span>. Saṃsagge ayamīkāro. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vuttacetanāya samaṅgipuggalo’’</span>ti. Sako hattho <span class="bld">sahattho,</span> tena nibbatto payogo <span class="bld">sāhatthiko</span>. Nissajjanaṃ <span class="bld">nissaggo,</span> sova <span class="bld">nissaggiyo</span>. Evaṃ <span class="bld">āṇattiko</span>. <span class="bld">Vijjāmayo</span> mantaparijappanayogo. <span class="bld">Iddhimayo</span> kammavipākajiddhimayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni yathāvutteyeva cha payoge vibhajitvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tatthā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">tatthā</span>ti tesu chasu payogesu. <span class="bld">Sāhatthiko</span>ti ettha hattho upalakkhaṇabhāvena gahitoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kāyena vā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">kāyenā</span>ti hatthena vā pādena vā muṭṭhinā vā jāṇunā vā yena kenaci aṅgapaccaṅgena. Kāyekadeso hettha hatthādikāyo avayave samudāyopacāro yathā <span class="bld">‘‘gāmo daḍḍho’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Kāyappaṭibaddhenā</span>ti kāyato amocitena asiādinā paharaṇena. <span class="bld">Paharaṇa</span>nti kāyaviññattisahitāya vadhakacetanāya adhippetatthasādhanaṃ. Kāyena vā sattiādīnaṃ, kāyappaṭibaddhena vā usuyantapāsāṇādīnaṃ nissajjananti yathāsambhavaṃ yojetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti tesu sāhatthikanissaggiyesu<a name="M0.0213"></a>. <span class="bld">Uddissānuddissabhedato</span>ti uddisitvā ca anuddisitvā ca pavattibhedena. Uddisanaṃ <span class="bld">uddiso,</span> so etassa atthīti <span class="bld">uddisako,</span> payogo, tasmiṃ. Bajjhati etenāti <span class="bld">baddho,</span> kammameva baddho <span class="bld">kammabaddho,</span> pāṇātipātoti attho. Atha vā bandhanaṃ <span class="bld">baddho,</span> kammunā baddho <span class="bld">kammabaddho,</span> so assa hoti, pāṇātipātakammamassa siddhanti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Ubhayatthāpī</span>ti uddisake, anuddisake cāti dvīsupi. Pacchā vā teneva rogena maratūti yojanā. <span class="bld">Paharitakkhaṇeyevā</span>ti maraṇāya pahonakappahārassa laddhakkhaṇeyeva kammabaddho. Yadi avassaṃ tena maratīti adhippāyo. Sace pana maraṇādhippāyena pahāraṃ datvā tena amatassa puna aññena cittena pahāre dinne pacchāpi paṭhamappahāreneva marati, tadāva kammabaddho. Atha dutiyapahārena marati<a name="V0.0199"></a>, natthi pāṇātipāto. Ubhayehi matepi paṭhamappahāreneva kammabaddho, ubhayehipi amate nevatti pāṇātipāto. Esa nayo bahūhipi ekassa pahāre dinne. Tatrāpi hi yassa pahārena marati, tasseva kammabaddhoti.<span class="bld"> Āṇāpanaṃ</span> nāma vacīviññattisahitāya vadhakacetanāya adhippetatthasādhanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni imasmiṃ āṇattikapayoge saṅketavisaṅketabhāvajānanatthaṃ chabbidhaṃ niyamaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘tatthā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">tatthā</span>ti tasmiṃ āṇattikapayoge. <span class="bld">Āṇattiniyāmakā</span>ti āṇattikapayogasādhikā. Etesu hi avirajjhitesuyeva āṇattikapayogo hoti, na aññathāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Puggalo</span>ti māretabbo puggalo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ hī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Āṇāpakassa āpattī</span>ti āṇāpakassa āṇattikkhaṇe āpatti, āṇattassa māraṇakkhaṇe. <span class="bld">Āṇāpako muccatī</span>ti āṇattasseva kammabaddho, vatthuvisesena panettha kammaviseso ca āpattiviseso ca hotīti. <span class="bld">‘‘Purebhattaṃ mārehī’’ti āṇatto purebhattameva māretī</span>ti ‘‘ajja sve’’ti aniyametvā ‘‘purebhattaṃ mārehī’’ti āṇatto yadā kadāci purebhattaṃ māreti. Yo pana ‘‘ajja pubbaṇhe’’ti vutto majjhanhe vā sāyanhe vā sve vā pubbaṇhe māreti, visaṅketo hoti, āṇāpakassa natthi kammabaddho. Pubbaṇhe māretuṃ vāyamantassa majjhanhe <a name="M0.0214"></a> jātepi eseva nayo. Etena nayena sabbakālappabhedesu saṅketavisaṅketatā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ vatthukālesu saṅketavisaṅketataṃ dassetvā idāni okāsādīsu saṅketavisaṅketataṃ atidisanto <span class="bld">‘‘iminā nayenā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">okāso</span>ti (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.174) gāmo vā vanaṃ vā gehadvāraṃ vāti evamādiko. <span class="bld">Āvudha</span>nti asi vā usu vā satti vāti evamādi. <span class="bld">Iriyāpatho</span>ti māretabbassa gamanaṃ vā nisajjā vāti evamādi. <span class="bld">Kiriyāviseso</span>ti vijjhanaṃ vā chedanaṃ vā bhedanaṃ vā saṅkhamuṇḍakaṃ vāti evamādi. Imesu yathā yathā vadhako āṇatto, tathā tathā kate āṇāpakassa āpatti, aññathā kate visaṅketo hoti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘iminā nayenā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">sabbatthā</span>ti okāsādīsu catūsu. Hoti cettha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yathāṇattivaseneva, āṇattena kate sati;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Āṇāpakassa āpatti, visaṅketoññathā kate’’ti.</p>
<p class="unindented">Āṇattiyaṃ <a name="V0.0200"></a> pana ayaṃ viseso – <span class="bld">adhiṭṭhāyā</span>ti adhiṭṭhahitvā āṇāpeti ‘‘evaṃ vijjha, evaṃ pahara, evaṃ ghātehī’’ti (pārā. 174) vuttāya pāḷiyā labbhatīti ñātabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Opatanti etthāti <span class="bld">opāto,</span> āvāṭo, tassa khaṇanaṃ <span class="bld">opātakkhaṇanaṃ. Apassenasaṃvidhāna</span>nti (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.177) apassenassa saṃvidhānaṃ. Niccaparibhogo mañco vā pīṭhaṃ vā apassenaphalakaṃ vā divāṭṭhāne nisīdantassa apassenakatthambho vā tatthajātakarukkho vā caṅkame apassāya tiṭṭhantassa ālambanarukkho vā ālambanaphalakaṃ vā, sabbampetaṃ apassanīyaṭṭhena <span class="bld">apassenaṃ</span> nāma, tasmiṃ apassene yathā apassayantaṃ vijjhati vā chindati vā, tathā katvā vāsipharasusattiārakaṇṭakādīsu aññatarassa satthassa ṭhapananti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upanikkhipanaṃ</span> nāma samīpe nikkhipanaṃ. Manāpassa vā amanāpassa vā rūpassa upaharaṇaṃ samīpe ṭhapanaṃ <span class="bld">rūpūpahāro,</span> attanā vā yakkhapetādivesaṃ gahetvā tiṭṭhanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena saddūpahārādīnaṃ gahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Etthāpī</span>ti thāvarapayogepi<a name="M0.0215"></a>. Uddissānuddissabhedo veditabbo, yato tatthapi pubbe vuttanayeneva kammabaddho hoti. Ayaṃ pana viseso – mūlaṭṭhena opātādīsu paresaṃ mūlena vā mudhā vā dinnesupi yadi tappaccayā koci marati, mūlaṭṭhasseva kammabaddho. Yadipi tena, aññena vā tatra opāte vināsetvā bhūmisame katepi paṃsuhārakā vā paṃsuṃ gaṇhantā, mūlakhaṇakā vā mūlāni khaṇantā āvāṭaṃ karonti, deve vā vassante kaddamo jāyati, tattha ca koci otaritvā vā laggitvā vā marati, mūlaṭṭhasseva kammabaddho. Yadi pana yena laddhaṃ, so vā añño vā vitthatataraṃ vā gambhīrataraṃ vā karoti, tappaccayā ca koci marati, ubhayesampi kammabaddho. Yathā tu mūlāni mūlehi saṃsandanti, tathā tattha thale kate muccati. Evaṃ apassenasaṃvidhānādīsupi yāva tesaṃ pavatti, tāva yathāsambhavaṃ kammabaddho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vijjāparijappana</span>nti āthabbaṇikehi, vijjādharehi ca mantaparijappanaṃ. <span class="bld">Kammavipākajāya iddhiyā</span>ti sātisayakammanibbattāya kammavipākena sahajātāya iddhiyā, kammassa vā vipākabhāvena jātāya iddhiyā. <span class="bld">Payojana</span>nti pavattanaṃ, karaṇanti attho, dāṭhāvudhādīnaṃ dāṭhākoṭanādīnamiva māraṇatthaṃ kammavipākajiddhivikārakaraṇanti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kammasādhano vāyaṃ hārakasaddo bahulaṃvidhānena tatthāpi <span class="bld">ṇvu</span>paccayassa sijjhanatoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘atha vā’’</span>tiādi. Jīvitaharaṇakaṃ, upanikkhipitabbaṃ vā satthameva hārakanti (sārattha. ṭī. 2.172) vikappadvayena <a name="V0.0201"></a> vuttanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘satthañca taṃ hārakañcāti satthahāraka’’</span>nti. ‘‘Hārakasattha’’nti vattabbe visesanassa paranipātaṃ katvā evaṃ vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Pariyeseyyā</span>ti gaveseyya. <span class="bld">‘‘Yathā labhati, tathā kareyyā’’</span>ti iminā pana adhippāyatthamāha, <span class="bld">‘‘upanikkhipeyyā’’</span>ti iminā sikhāpattamatthaṃ. Itarathā hi ‘‘pariyeseyyā’’ti imassa ‘‘upanikkhipeyyā’’ti ayamattho adhippeto na siyā. <span class="bld">Pariyiṭṭhamatteyevā</span>ti pariyesitamatteyeva. Yadi evaṃ atha kasmā pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘satthahārakaṃ vāssa pariyeseyyāti asiṃ vā sattiṃ vā bheṇḍiṃ vā laguḷaṃ vā pāsāṇaṃ vā satthaṃ vā visaṃ vā rajjuṃ vā’’ti (pārā. 172) vuttanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘padabhājane panā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti ‘‘satthahārakaṃ vāssa pariyeseyyā’’ti imassa padassa. Byañjanānurūpato paripuṇṇaṃ katvā atthassa avuttattā <a name="M0.0216"></a> <span class="bld">‘‘byañjanaṃ anādiyitvā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Sasati hiṃsatīti <span class="bld">satthaṃ,</span> sasanti hiṃsanti etenāti vā <span class="bld">satthaṃ</span>. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena ‘‘sattiṃ vā’’tiādipāḷisesaṃ saṅgaṇhāti. Tattha <span class="bld">laguḷa</span>nti muggaro. <span class="bld">Sattha</span>nti vuttāvasesaṃ yaṃ kiñci samukhaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yo evaṃ maratī</span>ti yo satthaṃ vā āharitvā, visaṃ vā khāditvā, rajjuyā vā ubbandhitvā, sobbhādīsu vā patitvā, aññehi vā aggipavesanaudakapavesanādīhi upāyehi marati. <span class="bld">‘‘So dhanaṃ vā labhatī’’tiādinā nayenā</span>ti so dhanaṃ vā labhati, yasaṃ vā labhati, saggaṃ vā gacchati, dhammo vāssa hotīti iminā nayena. Kimanena veditabbanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘etenā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">etenā</span>ti ‘‘maraṇavaṇṇaṃ vā saṃvaṇṇeyyā’’ti etena vacanena. <span class="bld">Nayidha eva</span>nti idha manussaviggahapārājike na evaṃ, na pariyāyakathāya muccatīti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘saṃvaṇṇeyyā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Satthaṃ vā āharā’’tiādinā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">ādi</span>saddena ‘‘visaṃ vā khāda, rajjuyā vā ubbandhitvā kālaṃ karohi, sobbhe vā narake vā papāte vā papatā’’tiādiṃ (pārā. 172) sabbaṃ maraṇūpāyaṃ saṅgaṇhāti. Ettha ca <span class="bld">narako</span> (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.172) nāma tattha tattha phalantiyā bhūmiyā sayameva nibbattā mahādarī, yattha hatthīpi patanti, corāpi nilīyitvā tiṭṭhanti. <span class="bld">Papāto</span>ti pabbatantare vā thalantare vā ekato chinno. <span class="bld">Pāpakenā</span>ti lāmakena. <span class="bld">Dujjīvitenā</span>ti dukkhabahulattā dukkhena jīvitena. <span class="bld">Mataṃ te jīvitā seyyā</span>ti tava maraṇaṃ jīvitā sundarataraṃ. Cittamassa atthīti <span class="bld">citto</span>. Tathā <span class="bld">mano. Iti</span>-saddo ‘‘sabbamatthīti kho, kaccāna, ayameko anto, sabbaṃ natthīti kho, kaccāna, ayaṃ dutiyo anto’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 2.15; 3.90) viya <a name="V0.0202"></a> nidassane daṭṭhabbo yathāvuttassa buddhiyaṃ viparivattamānassa maraṇassa nidassanato. Tenevāha ‘‘mataṃ te jīvitā seyyo’’tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nanu cettha ‘‘mano’’ti idampi atthato cittameva, atha kasmā vuttanti āha ‘‘ettha cā’’tiādi. <span class="bld">Cittassa atthadīpanatthaṃ vutta</span>nti nāyaṃ cittasaddo ‘‘cittasaṅkappo’’tiādīsu (pārā. 171) viya vicittādiattho, atha kho viññāṇavacanoti tassa atthadīpanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Iminā punaruttidosābhāvaṃ dasseti. Kathametaṃ viññāyatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tenevassā’’</span>tiādi. Citto <a name="M0.0217"></a> nānāppakārako saṅkappo assāti <span class="bld">cittasaṅkappo</span>. Vicittattho hettha cittasaddo ‘‘nāhaṃ, bhikkhave, aññaṃ ekanikāyampi samanupassāmi evaṃ cittaṃ, yathayidaṃ, bhikkhave, tiracchānagatā’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 3.100) viya. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vicittasaṅkappo’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Etthāpi itisaddo āharitabbo</span>ti ‘‘cittasaṅkappo’’ti imasmiṃ padepi adhikāravasena itisaddo āharitabbo. Idañhi ‘‘iti cittasaṅkappo’’ti evaṃ avuttampi adhikārato vuttameva hotīti. <span class="bld">Saṅkappo</span>ti cettha ‘‘takko vitakko saṅkappo’’tiādīsu (dha. sa. 7) viya na vitakkasseva nāmaṃ, atha kho tassa ca aññesañcāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘saṅkappoti cā’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṃvidahanamattassā</span>ti saññācetanāvitakkasaṅkhātassa sabbassa saṃvidahanassa. Sāmaññattho hettha mattasaddo ‘‘brāhmaṇamattaṃ bhojetī’’tiādīsu viya. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tañca saṃvidahana’’</span>ntiādi. Iminā saṃvidahanaṃ nāmettha na vidhānanti dasseti. <span class="bld">Adhippāyo</span> nāma vitakko.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uccāvacena kāraṇenā</span>ti (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.172) mahantāmahantena upāyena. Tattha maraṇavaṇṇasaṃvaṇṇane tāva jīvite ādīnavadassanavasena avacākāratā, maraṇe vaṇṇabhaṇanavasena uccākāratā veditabbā. Samādapane pana muṭṭhijāṇunippothanādīhi maraṇasamādapanavasena uccākāratā, ekato bhuñjantassa nakhe visaṃ pakkhipitvā maraṇādisamādapanavasena avacākāratā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ asādhāraṇavinicchayaṃ vatvā idāni sādhāraṇavinicchayaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vesāliya’’</span>ntiādimāha. <span class="bld">Opātakkhaṇanādīsu dukkaṭa</span>nti ettha sacepi jātapathaviṃ khaṇati, pāṇātipātassa pubbapayogattā payoge payoge dukkaṭaṃ. Manussaviggaho nāgasupaṇṇādisadiso tiracchānagato <span class="bld">tiracchānagatamanussaviggaho,</span> yakkho ca peto ca tiracchānagatamanussaviggaho ca <span class="bld">yakkhapetatiracchānagatamanussaviggahā,</span> tesaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Tathā’’</span>ti iminā thullaccayaṃ atidisati. Idāni <span class="bld">‘‘iminā</span> <a name="V0.0203"></a> <span class="bld">nayenā’’</span>tiādinā apassenasaṃvidhānādīsupi yathāvuttaāpattibhedaṃ atidisati. <span class="bld">Sabbatthā</span>ti apassenasaṃvidhānādīsu sabbesu payogesu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni anāpattiṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘asañciccā’’</span>tiādimāha. Ettha ca <span class="bld">‘‘asañciccā’’</span>ti (sārattha. ṭī. 2.179) idaṃ maraṇasaṃvattanikaupakkamassa asallakkhaṇaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ<a name="M0.0218"></a>, <span class="bld">‘‘ajānantassā’’</span>ti idaṃ pana maraṇasaṃvattanikaupakaraṇassa ajānanaṃ sandhāya, <span class="bld">‘‘namaraṇādhippāyassā’’</span>ti idaṃ upakkamaṃ jānantassāpi maraṇādhippāyassa abhāvaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘asañciccā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Acetetvā</span>ti asallakkhetvā, virajjhitvāti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Musalussāpanavatthusmiṃ viyā</span>ti ‘‘tena kho pana samayena aññataro bhikkhu bhattagge antaraghare āsanaṃ paññapento musale ussite ekaṃ musalaṃ aggahesi. Dutiyo musalo paripatitvā aññatarassa dārakassa matthake avatthāsi. So kālamakāsi. Tassa kukkuccaṃ ahosi…pe… kiṃcitto tvaṃ bhikkhūti. Asañcicca ahaṃ bhagavāti. Anāpatti bhikkhu asañciccā’’ti (pārā. 180) imasmiṃ vatthusmiṃ viya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Visagatapiṇḍapātavatthusmiṃ viyā</span>ti ‘‘tena kho pana samayena aññataro piṇḍacāriko bhikkhu visagataṃ piṇḍapātaṃ labhitvā paṭikkamanaṃ haritvā bhikkhūnaṃ aggakārikaṃ adāsi. Te bhikkhū kālamakaṃsu. Tassa kukkuccaṃ ahosi…pe… kiṃcitto tvaṃ bhikkhūti. Nāhaṃ bhagavā jānāmīti. Anāpatti bhikkhu ajānantassā’’ti (pārā. 181) imasmiṃ vatthusmiṃ viya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhesajjavatthusmiṃ viyā</span>ti ‘‘tena kho pana samayena aññatarā vañjhā itthī kulūpakaṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavoca ‘‘iṅghāyya bhesajjaṃ jānāhi, yenāhaṃ vijāyeyya’nti. ‘Suṭṭhu bhaginī’ti tassā bhesajjaṃ adāsi. Sā kālamakāsi. Tassa kukkuccaṃ ahosi…pe… anāpatti bhikkhu pārājikassa, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti (pārā. 187) imasmiṃ vatthusmiṃ viya. Idha <span class="bld">ādikammikā</span> aññamaññaṃ jīvitā voropitabhikkhū, tesaṃ anāpatti. Avasesānaṃ maraṇavaṇṇasaṃvaṇṇanakādīnaṃ āpattiyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha kathaṃ dukkhavedananti, nanu rājāno coraṃ disvā hasamānāpi ‘‘gacchatha, naṃ ghātethā’’ti vadantīti? Saccaṃ hasamānā vadanti, so pana hāso tesaṃ aññavisayo, sanniṭṭhāpakacetanā <a name="V0.0204"></a> dukkhasampayuttāva. Vuttañhetaṃ <span class="bld">samantapāsādikāyaṃ</span> ‘‘sacepi hi sirisayanaṃ āruḷho rajjasampattisukhamanubhavanto rājā ‘coro deva ānīto’ti vutte ‘gacchatha naṃ mārethā’ti hasamāno bhaṇati, domanassacitteneva bhaṇatīti <a name="M0.0219"></a> veditabbo. Sukhavokiṇṇattā, pana anuppabandhābhāvā ca dujjānametaṃ puthujjanehī’’ti (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.179).</p>
<p class="centered">Tatiyapārājikavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">4. Catutthapārājikavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anabhijāna</span>nti na abhijānaṃ. Yena hi yo dhammo adhigato, so tassa pākaṭo hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sakasantāne’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Uttarimanussāna</span>nti pakatimanussehi uttaritarānaṃ manussānaṃ, ukkaṭṭhamanussānanti attho. <span class="bld">Dhamma</span>nti mahaggatalokuttarabhūtaṃ adhigatadhammaṃ. Atha vā uttarimanussadhammāti <span class="bld">uttarimanussadhammo. Manussadhammo</span> nāma vinā bhāvanāmanasikārena pakatiyā manussehi nibbattetabbo dasakusalakammapathadhammo. So hi manussānaṃ cittādhiṭṭhānamattena ijjhanato tesaṃ so bhāvitadhammo viya ṭhitoti tathā vutto, manussaggahaṇañcettha tesu bahulaṃ pavattanato. Jhānādikaṃ pana tabbidhuranti tatuttari, iti uttari manussadhammāti <span class="bld">uttarimanussadhammo,</span> taṃ uttarimanussadhammanti evampettha attho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Samudācaranto</span>ti ārocento.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kiñcāpi lokiyalokuttarā sabbāva paññā ‘‘ñāṇa’’nti vuccati, idha pana mahaggatalokuttarāva veditabbāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘mahaggatalokuttarapaññā jānanaṭṭhena ñāṇa’’</span>nti. Kilesehi ārakattā parisuddhaṭṭhena ariyanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ariyaṃ visuddhaṃ uttama’’</span>nti. Ariyasaddo cettha visuddhapariyāyo, na lokuttarapariyāyo. <span class="bld">Jhānādibhede</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>saddena ‘‘vimokkho, samādhi, samāpatti, ñāṇadassanaṃ, maggabhāvanā, phalasacchikiriyā, kilesappahānaṃ, vinīvaraṇatā cittassa, suññāgāre abhiratī’’ti (pārā. 198) ime saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Viññussa manussajātikassā</span>ti ārocetabbapuggalanidassanaṃ. Etassa hi ārocite ārocitaṃ hoti, na devabrahmānaṃ, nāpi petayakkhatiracchānagatānanti. <span class="bld">Āroceyyā</span>ti vadeyya, viññāpeyyāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Vinā aññāpadesenā</span>ti ‘‘yo te vihāre vasati, so bhikkhu paṭhamassa jhānassa lābhī’’tiādinā (pārā. 220) nayena aññāpadesaṃ vināti <a name="M0.0220"></a> attho. <span class="bld">Idhevā</span>ti ‘‘iti jānāmi, iti passāmī’’ti imasmiṃyeva pade. <span class="bld">‘‘Tena vutta’’</span>ntiādi nigamanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samanuggāhīyamāno</span>ti <a name="V0.0205"></a> codiyamāno, yaṃ vatthu ārocitaṃ hoti, tasmiṃ vatthusmiṃ ‘‘kiṃ te adhigataṃ, kinti te adhigataṃ, kadā te adhigataṃ, kattha te adhigataṃ, katame te kilesā pahīnā, katamesaṃ tvaṃ dhammānaṃ lābhī’ti kenaci vuccamāno’’ti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Asamanuggāhīyamāno</span>ti na kenaci vuccamāno.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Bhikkhubhāve ṭhatvā abhabbo jhānādīni adhigantu’’</span>nti sikkhāpadātikkamassa antarāyakarattā vuttaṃ. Bhikkhubhāvo hissa saggantarāyo ceva hoti maggantarāyo ca (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.198). Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘sāmaññaṃ dupparāmaṭṭhaṃ, nirayāyupakaḍḍhatī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 1.89; dha. pa. 311). Aparampi vuttaṃ ‘‘sithilo hi paribbājo, bhiyyo ākirate raja’’nti (saṃ. ni. 1.89; dha. pa. 313). <span class="bld">Bhikkhubhāvo</span>ti pārājikaṃ āpajjitvā ‘‘samaṇo aha’’nti paṭijānanato vohāramattasiddho bhikkhubhāvo. <span class="bld">Dānādīhī</span>ti dānasaraṇasīlasaṃvarādīhi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ajānamevā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">evā</span>ti avadhāraṇatthe nipāto. <span class="bld">‘‘Ajānameva’’</span>ntipi paṭhanti. Tattha pana ‘‘evaṃ jānāmi, evaṃ passāmī’’ti avacanti yojetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Vacanatthavirahato</span>ti ‘‘paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ samāpajji’’nti ādivacanassa (pārā. 209) atthabhūtena jhānādinā vajjitattā tucchaṃ udakādisuññaṃ bhājanaṃ viya. <span class="bld">Musā</span>ti visaṃvādanapurekkhārassa paravisaṃvādako vacīpayogo, kāyapayogo vā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vañcanādhippāyato musā’’</span>ti. Musā ca vañcanādhippāyo ca pubbabhāgakkhaṇe, taṅkhaṇe ca. Vuttañhi ‘‘pubbe vāssa hoti ‘musā bhaṇissa’nti, bhaṇantassa hoti ‘musā bhaṇāmī’’’ti (pārā. 200). Etañhi dvayaṃ aṅgabhūtaṃ, itaraṃ pana hotu vā, mā vā, akāraṇametaṃ. <span class="bld">Abhaṇi</span>nti viññāpanaṃ akāsiṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aññatra adhimānā</span>ti adhigato māno, adhiko vā māno <span class="bld">adhimāno,</span> thaddhamānoti attho, taṃ vināti attho. Kassa panāyaṃ adhimāno uppajjati, kassa nuppajjati? Ariyasāvakassa tāva nuppajjati (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.196). So hi maggaphalanibbānapahīnakilesāvasiṭṭhakilesapaccavekkhaṇena sañjātasomanasso <a name="M0.0221"></a> ariyaguṇappaṭivedhe nikkaṅkho, tasmā sotāpannādīnaṃ ‘‘ahaṃ sakadāgāmī’’tiādivasena māno nuppajjati. Dussīlassa nuppajjati. So hi ariyaguṇādhigame nirāsova. Sīlavatopi pariccattakammaṭṭhānassa niddārāmatādimanuyuttassa nuppajjati, suparisuddhasīlassa pana kammaṭṭhāne appamattassa nāmarūpaṃ vavatthapetvā paccayapariggahena vitiṇṇakaṅkhassa tilakkhaṇaṃ āropetvā saṅkhāre <a name="V0.0206"></a> sammasantassa āraddhavipassakassa uppajjati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yvāya’’</span>ntiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">tilakkhaṇaṃ āropetvā</span>ti (sārattha. ṭī. 2.196) kalāpasammasanavasena aniccādilakkhaṇattayaṃ āropetvā. <span class="bld">Sammasantassā</span>ti vipassantassa. <span class="bld">Āraddhavipassakassā</span>ti udayabbayānupassanāya āraddhavipassakassa. <span class="bld">Apatte</span>ti attano santāne uppattivasena apatte, anadhigateti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Pattasaññitāsaṅkhāto</span>ti ‘‘patto mayā uttarimanussadhammo’’ti evaṃsaññitāsaṅkhāto adhimāno uppajjati. Uppanno ca suddhasamathalābhiṃ vā suddhavipassanālābhiṃ vā antarā ṭhapeti. So hi dasapi vīsampi tiṃsampi vassāni kilesasamudācāraṃ apassanto ‘‘ahaṃ sotāpanno’’ti vā ‘‘sakadāgāmī’’ti vā ‘‘anāgāmī’’ti vā maññati. Samathavipassanālābhiṃ pana arahatteyeva ṭhapeti. Tassa hi samādhibalena kilesā vikkhambhitā, vipassanābalena saṅkhārā supariggahitā, tasmā saṭṭhimpi vassāni, asītimpi vassāni, vassasatampi kilesā na samudācaranti, khīṇāsavasseva cittācāro hoti. So evaṃ dīgharattaṃ kilesasamudācāraṃ apassanto antarā aṭṭhatvāva ‘‘arahā aha’’nti maññatīti. <span class="bld">‘‘Taṃ adhimānaṃ ṭhapetvā’’</span>ti iminā ‘‘aññatrā’’ti padaṃ apekkhitvā ‘‘adhimānā’’ti upayogatthe nissakkavacananti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pāpicchatāyā</span>ti pāpā icchā etassāti <span class="bld">pāpiccho,</span> tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">pāpicchatā,</span> tāya, pāpikāya icchāyāti attho. Yā sā ‘‘idhekacco dussīlova samāno ‘sīlavā’ti maṃ jano jānātū’’tiādinā (vibha. 851) nayena vuttā, tāya asantaguṇasambhāvanicchāyāti vuttaṃ hoti. Iminā pana mandattā momūhattā samudācarantassa anāpattīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Ayampī</span>ti <span class="bld">pi</span>-saddena na kevalaṃ purimā tayovāti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Asanta</span>nti <a name="M0.0222"></a> abhūtaṃ. <span class="bld">Jhānādidhamma</span>nti jhānaṃ, vimokkho, samādhi, samāpatti, ñāṇadassanaṃ, maggabhāvanā, phalasacchikiriyā, kilesappahānaṃ, vinīvaraṇatā cittassa, suññāgāre abhiratī’’ti (pārā. 198) evaṃ vuttaṃ uttarimanussadhammaṃ. <span class="bld">Yassa ārocetī</span>ti (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.215) vācāya vā hatthavikārādīhi vā aṅgapaccaṅgacopanehi viññattipathe ṭhitassa yassa puggalassa āroceti. Viññattipathaṃ pana atikkamitvā ṭhito koci ce dibbena cakkhunā (sārattha. ṭī. 2.215), dibbāya ca sotadhātuyā disvā ca sutvā ca jānāti, na pārājikaṃ. Yopi ‘‘kiṃ ayaṃ bhaṇatī’’ti saṃsayaṃ vā āpajjati, ciraṃ vīmaṃsitvā vā pacchā jānāti, ‘‘avijānanto’’icceva saṅkhyaṃ gacchati. Yo pana jhānādīni attano adhigamavasena vā uggahaparipucchādivasena vā na jānāti, kevalaṃ ‘‘jhāna’’nti vā ‘‘vimokkho’’ti <a name="V0.0207"></a> vā vacanamattameva sutaṃ hoti, sopi tena vutte ‘‘jhānaṃ kira samāpajjī’’ti esa vadatīti yadi ettakamattampi jānāti, ‘‘jānāti’’cceva saṅkhyaṃ gacchati, tassa vutte pārājikameva. Seso pana ekassa vā dvinnaṃ vā bahūnaṃ vā niyamitāniyamitavasena viseso sabbo sikkhāpaccakkhānakathāyaṃ vuttanayeneva veditabbo. Pariyāyabhāsane pana ‘‘aha’’nti avuttattā paṭivijānantassa vuttepi thullaccayaṃ. Visaṃvādanādhippāyena musāvādapayogassa katattā appaṭivijānantassāpi dukkaṭanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yo te vihāre vasati…pe… dukkaṭa’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Anullapanādhippāyassā</span>ti ullapanādhippāyavirahitassa, abhūtārocanādhippāyavirahitassāti attho. Ummattakādayo pubbe vuttanayā eva. Idha pana <span class="bld">ādikammikā</span> vaggumudātīriyabhikkhū, tesaṃ anāpatti.</p>
<p class="centered">Catutthapārājikavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Pārājikanigamanavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Idhā</span>ti imasmiṃ bhikkhupātimokkhe. <span class="bld">Uddiṭṭhapārājikaparidīpanamevā</span>ti uddiṭṭhānaṃ catunnaṃ pārājikānaṃ paridīpanavacanameva. Avadhāraṇaṃ pana na aññesampīti dassanatthaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘samodhānetvā panā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">samodhānetvā</span>ti tattha tattha āgatāni ettheva samodahitvā, pakkhipitvā rāsiṃ katvāti attho. <span class="bld">Pāḷiyaṃ āgatānī</span>ti uddesapāḷiyaṃ āgatāni<a name="M0.0223"></a>. <span class="bld">Bhikkhunīnaṃ asādhāraṇāni cattārī</span>ti ubbhajāṇumaṇḍalikā, vajjappaṭicchādikā, ukkhittānuvattikā, aṭṭhavatthukāti imāni bhikkhunīnaṃ bhikkhūhi asādhāraṇāni cattāri. Paṇḍakādīnañhi ekādasannaṃ abhabbabhāvo pārājikāpattisadisattā pārājikoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ekādasanna’’</span>ntiādi. <span class="bld">Abhabbabhāvasaṅkhātehī</span>ti vatthuvipannatādinā pabbajjūpasampadāya naarahabhāvasaṅkhātehi. Paṇḍakatiracchānagataubhatobyañjanakā (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.233) hi tayo vatthuvipannā ahetukappaṭisandhikā, tesaṃ saggo avārito, maggo pana vārito. Abhabbā hi te maggappaṭilābhāya vatthuvipannattā. Pabbajjāpi nesaṃ paṭikkhittā, tasmā tepi pārājikāva. Theyyasaṃvāsako, titthiyapakkantako, mātughātako, pitughātako, arahantaghātako, bhikkhunidūsako, lohituppādako, saṅghabhedakoti ime aṭṭha attano kiriyāya vipannattā abhabbaṭṭhānaṃ pattāti pārājikāva. Tesu theyyasaṃvāsako, titthiyapakkantako, bhikkhunidūsakoti imesaṃ tiṇṇaṃ saggo avārito, maggo pana vāritova. Itaresaṃ pañcannaṃ ubhayampi vāritaṃ. Te hi anantarāva narake nibbattanakasattā. Yadā bhikkhunī vibbhamitukāmā hutvā kāsāvameva <a name="V0.0208"></a> vā gihivatthaṃ vā gihinivāsanākārena nivāseti, tadā pārājikamāpannā nāma hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘gihibhāvaṃ patthayamānāyā’’</span>tiādi. Sā hi ajjhācāravītikkamaṃ akatvāpi ettāvatā assamaṇī nāma hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dīghatāya lambamānaṃ aṅgajātametassāti <span class="bld">lambī</span> (sārattha. ṭī. 2.233). Na so ettāvatā pārājiko, atha kho yadā anabhiratiyā pīḷito attano aṅgajātaṃ mukhe vā vaccamagge vā paveseti, tadā pārājiko hoti. Mudukatā piṭṭhi etassāti <span class="bld">mudupiṭṭhiko,</span> kataparikammāya mudukāya piṭṭhiyā samannāgato. Sopi yadā anabhiratiyā pīḷito attano aṅgajātaṃ attano mukhamaggavaccamaggesu aññataraṃ paveseti, tadā pārājiko hoti. <span class="bld">Parassa aṅgajātaṃ mukhena gaṇhātī</span>ti yo anabhiratiyā pīḷito parassa suttassa vā pamattassa vā aṅgajātaṃ mukhena gaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Parassa aṅgajāte abhinisīdatī</span>ti yo anabhiratiyā pīḷito parassa aṅgajātaṃ kammaniyaṃ disvā attano vaccamaggena tassūpari nisīdati, taṃ attano vaccamaggaṃ pavesetīti attho. Etāni hi cattāri yasmā <a name="M0.0224"></a> ubhinnaṃ rāgavasena sadisabhāvūpagatānaṃ dhammo ‘‘methunadhammo’’ti vuccati, tasmā ekena pariyāyena methunadhammaṃ appaṭisevitvāyeva kevalaṃ maggena maggappavesanavasena āpajjitabbattā methunadhammapārājikassa anulomentīti <span class="bld">‘‘anulomapārājikānī’’</span>ti vuccanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Etthāha – mātughātakapitughātakaarahantaghātakā tatiyapārājikaṃ āpannā, bhikkhunidūsako, lambiādayo cattāro ca paṭhamapārājikaṃ āpannā evāti katvā kuto catuvīsatīti (sārattha. ṭī. 2.233)? Vuccate – mātughātakādayo hi cattāro idha anupasampannā eva adhippetā, lambiādayo cattāro kiñcāpi paṭhamapārājikena saṅgahitā, yasmā pana ekena pariyāyena methunadhammaṃ appaṭisevino honti, tasmā visuṃ vuttāti. Dutiyavikappe <span class="bld">kaccitthā</span>ti ettha kacci atthāti padacchedo kātabbo.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti kaṅkhāvitaraṇiyā pātimokkhavaṇṇanāya</p>
<p class="centered">Vinayatthamañjūsāyaṃ līnatthappakāsaniyaṃ</p>
<p class="centered">Pārājikavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter">Saṅghādisesakaṇḍaṃ</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Piyavacanena</span> <a name="M0.0225"></a><a name="V0.0209"></a> <span class="bld">ālapana</span>nti piyāyitabbavacanenālapanaṃ, sādhūnaṃ samālapananti vuttaṃ hoti. Sādhavo hi pare ‘‘bhonto’’ti vā ‘‘devānaṃpiyā’’ti vā ‘‘bhadrabhava’’nti vā ‘‘āyasmanto’’ti vā samālapanti.</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Sukkavissaṭṭhisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saṃ</span>-saddo vijjamānatthoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘saṃvijjatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Cetanā</span>ti vītikkamavasappavattā pubbabhāgacetanā, mocanassādacetanāti attho. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti sukkavissaṭṭhiyā. Aññapadatthasamāseneva sukkavissaṭṭhiyā vuttattā ika-saddassa visuṃ attho natthīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sañcetanāva sañcetanikā’’</span>ti. Idāni ika-saddova atthiatthaṃ pakāsetīti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘sañcetanā vā’’</span>tiādimāha. Saṃvijjamānā cetanā <span class="bld">sañcetanā. Sukkassā</span>ti sambhavassa. <span class="bld">Visaṭṭhī</span>ti vissaggo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni taṃ yasmiṃ kāle moceti, yenādhippāyena moceti, yena copāyena moceti, yañca tassa adhippāyassa vatthu, taṃ sabbaṃ saṅkhepato vibhāvetvā sarūpato taṃ visaṭṭhiṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘rāgūpatthambhādīsū’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha rāgassa balavabhāvo, rāgena vā aṅgajātassūpatthambho thaddhabhāvo <span class="bld">rāgūpatthambho,</span> so ādi yesaṃ te <span class="bld">rāgūpatthambhādayo,</span> tesu rāgūpatthambhādīsu. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena (pārā. 238) vaccūpatthambhapassāvūpatthambhavātūpatthambhauccāliṅgapāṇakadaṭṭhūpatthambhānaṃ gahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Kammaññataṃ patte</span>ti mocanakammakkhamatāya kammaniyataṃ patte, ajjhattarūpādīsu upakkamārahabhāvaṃ patteti attho. Arogassa bhāvo <span class="bld">ārogyaṃ,</span> taṃ ādi yesaṃ te <span class="bld">ārogyādayo,</span> tesu ārogyādīsu. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena sukhabhesajjadānapuññayaññasaggabījavīmaṃsadavānaṃ gahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Ajjhattarūpaṃ</span> ajjhattaṃ upādinnarūpaṃ, taṃ ādi yesaṃ te <span class="bld">ajjhattarūpādayo,</span> tesu. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena bahiddhārūpaajjhattabahiddhārūpaākāsekaṭikampanānaṃ <a name="V0.0210"></a> gahaṇaṃ. Mocane assādo sukhavedanā <span class="bld">mocanassādo,</span> mocanatthaṃ pubbabhāge pavattarāgo, sampayuttaassādasīsena cettha rāgo vutto, tena sampayuttā cetanā <span class="bld">mocanassādacetanā,</span> tāya<a name="M0.0226"></a>. Iminā muccanassādo (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.240) muttassādo methunassādo phassassādo kaṇḍuvanassādo dassanassādo nisajjassādo vācassādo gehasitapemaṃ vanabhaṅgiyanti imehi sampayuttā cetanāyo paṭikkhipati, tāhi nimitte upakkamantassa muttepi anāpatti. <span class="bld">‘‘Nimitte upakkamantassā’’</span>ti iminā pana ūrumaddāpanādīni paṭikkhipati. Tena hi satipi mocanassāde nimitte upakkamābhāvato muttepi anāpatti. Vuttañhetaṃ <span class="bld">samantapāsādikāyaṃ</span> ‘‘sā ca kho nimitte upakkamantasseva, hatthaparikammapādaparikammagattaparikammakaraṇena sacepi asuci muccati, anāpattī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āsayadhātunānāttato</span>ti pittasemhapubbalohitāsayānañceva pathavīdhātuādīnañca catunnaṃ dhātūnaṃ, rasasoṇitādīnaṃ vā sattannaṃ dhātūnaṃ nānāttato. <span class="bld">Ṭhānā cāvanā</span>ti sukkassa yaṃ ṭhānaṃ, tato cuti. Sukkassa hi vatthisīsaṃ kaṭi kāyoti (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.237) tidhā ṭhānaṃ pakappenti. <span class="bld">Eko</span> kirācariyo ‘‘vatthisīsaṃ sukkassa ṭhāna’’nti āha, eko ‘‘kaṭī’’ti, eko ‘‘sakalo kāyo’’ti. Tesu tatiyassa bhāsitaṃ subhāsitaṃ. Kesalomanakhadantānañhi maṃsavinimuttaṭṭhānaṃ, uccārapassāvakheḷasiṅghāṇikā, thaddhasukkhacammāni ca vajjetvā avaseso chavimaṃsalohitānugato sabbopi kāyo kāyappasādabhāvajīvitindriyābaddhapittānaṃ, sambhavassa ca ṭhānameva. Tathā hi rāgapariyuṭṭhānenābhibhūtānaṃ hatthīnaṃ ubhohi kaṇṇacūḷikāhi sambhavo nikkhamati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca <span class="bld">‘‘rāgūpatthambhādīsū’’</span>tiādinā (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.237) kālo dassito. Rāgūpatthambhādikālesu hi aṅgajātaṃ kammaniyaṃ hoti. Yassa kammaniyatte sati moceti, ito paraṃ añño kālo natthi. Na hi vinā rāgūpatthambhādīhi pubbaṇhādayo kālabhedā mocane nimittaṃ honti. <span class="bld">‘‘Ārogyādīsū’’</span>tiādinā pana adhippāyo dassito. Evarūpena hi adhippāyabhedena moceti, na aññathā. <span class="bld">‘‘Ajjhattarūpādīsū’’</span>tiādinā upāyo dassito. Ajjhattarūpe vā hi moceyya, bahiddhārūpe vā, ubhayattha vā, ākāse vā kaṭiṃ kampento, ito paraṃ añño upāyo natthi. <span class="bld">Nīlādivasenā’’</span>tiādīhi pana dasahi navamassa adhippāyassa vatthu dassitaṃ. Vīmaṃsanto hi nīlādīsu aññataravasena vīmaṃsati, na tehi vinimuttanti. <span class="bld">‘‘Ṭhānā cāvanā’’</span>ti iminā pana atthato vissaṭṭhi dassitā<a name="M0.0227"></a>. Yathāha ‘‘vissaṭṭhīti ṭhānato cāvanā vuccatī’’ti (pārā. 237). Sā cāyaṃ tassa sukkassa ṭhānā cāvanā rāgavasena. Vuttañhetaṃ <a name="V0.0211"></a> <span class="bld">kathāvatthuaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> ‘‘sukkavissaṭṭhi nāma rāgasamuṭṭhānā hotī’’ti (kathā. aṭṭha. 307). <span class="bld">Aññatra supinantā</span>ti supino eva supinanto, taṃ ṭhapetvāti vuttaṃ hoti. Tenāha ‘‘yā supine’’tiādi. <span class="bld">Saṅghādiseso</span>ti imassa āpattinikāyassa nāmaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yā aññatra supinantā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Āpattinikāyo</span>ti āpattisamūho. Kiñcāpi ayaṃ ekāva āpatti, ruḷhisaddena, pana avayave samūhavohārena vā ‘‘nikāyo’’ti vutto ‘‘eko vedanākkhandho, eko viññāṇakkhandho’’tiādīsu viya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Assā</span>ti (sārattha. ṭī. 2.16 saṃghādisesakaṇḍa) āpattinikāyassa. Nanu ca ayuttoyaṃ niddeso ‘‘saṅgho ādimhi ceva sese ca icchitabbo assā’’ti. Na hi āpattinikāyassa ādimhi ceva sese ca saṅgho icchito, kiñcarahi vuṭṭhānassāti imaṃ codanaṃ manasi nidhāya yathā na virujjhati, tathā adhippāyaṃ vivarituṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kiṃ vuttaṃ hotī’’</span>tiādimāha. Āpattito vuṭṭhānassa ādimhi ceva sese ca icchito saṅgho āpattiyāva icchito nāma hotīti ayamettha adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Āpattivuṭṭhāna</span>nti āpattito vuṭṭhānaṃ, anāpattikabhāvūpagamananti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dakasota</span>nti passāvamaggaṃ, aṅgajātappadesanti vuttaṃ hoti. Yadi evaṃ atha kasmā aṭṭhakathāyaṃ ‘‘dakasotaṃ otiṇṇamatte’’ti vuttanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ṭhānato pana cuta’’</span>ntiādi. <span class="bld">Avassameva dakasotaṃ otarati</span> adhivāsetvā antarā nivāretuṃ asakkuṇeyyattā. Dakasotorohanato (sārattha. ṭī. 2.236-237) paṭṭhāya pana upādinnato vinimuttattā sambhavarūpaṃ utusamuṭṭhānameva avasissati, sesaṃ tisamuṭṭhānaṃ natthīti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā ṭhānato cutaṃ dakasotaṃ otarati, tasmā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Amocanādhippāyassā</span>ti bhesajjena nimittaṃ ālimpantassa uccārādīni vā karontassa. <span class="bld">Supinaṃ passantassā</span>ti (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.237) dhātukkhobhato vā anubhūtapubbato vā devatopasaṃhārato vā pubbanimittato vāti imehi catūhi kāraṇehi supinaṃ passantassa. Kiṃ panetaṃ passanto sutto passati, paṭibuddho, udāhu neva sutto, na paṭibuddhoti? Kiñcettha – yadi <a name="M0.0228"></a> tāva sutto passati, abhidhammavirodho āpajjati. Bhavaṅgacittena hi supati, taṃ rūpanimittādiārammaṇaṃ vā rāgādisampayuttaṃ vā na hoti. Supinaṃ passantassa ca īdisāni cittāni uppajjanti. Atha paṭibuddho passati, vinayavirodho āpajjati. Yañhi paṭibuddho passati, taṃ sabbohārikacittena passati. Sabbohārikacittena ca kate vītikkame anāpatti nāma <a name="V0.0212"></a> natthi. Supinaṃ passantena pana katepi vītikkame ekantaṃ anāpatti eva. Atha neva sutto na paṭibuddho passati, ko nāma passati, evañca sati supinassa abhāvova āpajjatīti? Na abhāvo, kasmā? Yasmā kapimiddhapareto passati. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘kapimiddhapareto kho mahārāja supinaṃ passatī’’ti (mi. pa. 5.3.5). <span class="bld">Kapimiddhapareto</span>ti makkaṭaniddāya yutto. Yathā hi makkaṭassa niddā lahuparivattā hoti, evaṃ yā niddā punappunaṃ kusalādicittavokiṇṇattā lahuparivattā, yassā pavattiyaṃ punappunaṃ bhavaṅgato uttaraṇaṃ hoti, tāya yutto supinaṃ passati. Yassa ca evaṃ passantassa supine methunaṃ dhammaṃ paṭisevantassa viya, kāyasaṃsaggādīni āpajjantassa viya ca supinanteneva kāraṇena asuci muccati, tassapi anāpatti. Supine (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.262) pana uppannāya assādacetanāya sacassa visayo hoti, niccalena bhavitabbaṃ, na hatthena nimittaṃ kīḷāpetabbaṃ. Kāsāvapaccattharaṇarakkhaṇatthaṃ pana hatthapuṭena gahetvā jagganatthāya udakaṭṭhānaṃ gantuṃ vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="centered">Sukkavissaṭṭhisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">2. Kāyasaṃsaggasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Otiṇṇo’’ti (sārattha. ṭī. 2.270) idaṃ kammasādhanaṃ, kattusādhanaṃ vā hotīti tadubhayavasena atthaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘yakkhādīhi viya sattā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Asamapekkhitvā</span>ti yathāsabhāvaṃ anupaparikkhitvā, yathā te ratijanakā rūpādayo visayā aniccadukkhāsubhānattākārena avaṭṭhitā, tathā apassitvāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Pariṇatenā</span>ti parivattena. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yathā parivattamāna’’</span>ntiādi. <span class="bld">Vuttarāgavasenā</span>ti kāyasaṃsaggarāgavasena. <span class="bld">Tadahujātāyapī</span>ti tasmiṃ ahani jātaṃ jananaṃ etissāti <a name="M0.0229"></a> <span class="bld">tadahujātā,</span> tasmiṃ ahani jātāti vā <span class="bld">tadahujātā,</span> tāya, taṃ divasaṃ jātāyapīti attho, jātamattāya allamaṃsapesivaṇṇāyapīti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Assā</span>ti ‘‘kāyasaṃsaggaṃ samāpajjeyyā’’ti padassa. Idāni hatthādīnaṃ vibhāgadassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tattha hattho nāma kapparato paṭṭhāyā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Kapparato paṭṭhāyā</span>ti dutiyamahāsandhiṃ upādāya. Aññattha pana maṇibandhato paṭṭhāya yāva agganakhā hattho. Vinandhitvā vā avinandhitvā vā katakesakalāpassetaṃ adhivacananti sambandho. Tattha <span class="bld">vinandhitvā</span>ti tīhi kesavaṭṭīhi <a name="V0.0213"></a> ganthitvā. <span class="bld">Suvaṇṇacīraka</span>nti suvaṇṇapāḷiṃ. Hatthañca veṇiñca ṭhapetvā avasesasarīraṃ aṅganti āha <span class="bld">‘‘avasesassa sarīrassā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yo hi sevanādhippāyopi niccalena kāyena kevalaṃ phassaṃ paṭivijānāti sādiyati anubhoti, tassa cittuppādamatte āpattiyā abhāvato anāpattīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kāyena avāyamitvā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Mokkhādhippāyenā</span>ti itthito muccitukāmatādhippāyena. <span class="bld">Asañciccā</span>ti ‘‘iminā upāyena imaṃ phusissāmī’’ti acetetvā. Evañhi acetetvā pattappaṭiggahaṇādīsu mātugāmassa aṅge phuṭṭhepi anāpatti. <span class="bld">Asatiyā</span>ti aññavihito hoti, ‘‘mātugāmaṃ phusissāmī’’ti sati natthi, evaṃ asatiyā hatthapādapasāraṇādikāle phusantassa anāpatti. <span class="bld">Ajānantassā</span>ti dārakavesena ṭhitaṃ dārikaṃ ‘‘itthī’’ti ajānanto kenacideva karaṇīyena phusati, evaṃ ‘‘itthī’’ti ajānantassa phusato anāpatti. <span class="bld">Asādiyantassā</span>ti kāyasaṃsaggaṃ asādiyantassa bāhāparamparāya nītabhikkhussa viya anāpatti. Idha pana udāyitthero <span class="bld">ādikammiko</span>. Tassa anāpatti ādikammikassāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Kāyasaṃsaggasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">3. Duṭṭhullavācāsikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Duṭṭhullavācassādarāgavasenā</span>ti duṭṭhullā vācā <span class="bld">duṭṭhullavācā,</span> tāya assādacetanā <span class="bld">duṭṭhullavācassādo,</span> tena sampayuttarāgavasena. Etthādhippetaṃ <a name="M0.0230"></a> mātugāmaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘mātugāma’’</span>ntiādimāha. <span class="bld">Duṭṭhullāduṭṭhullasaṃlakkhaṇasamattha</span>nti asaddhammasaddhammappaṭisaṃyuttaṃ kathaṃ jānituṃ samatthaṃ. Yā pana mahallikāpi bālā eḷamūgā, ayaṃ idhānadhippetā. <span class="bld">Vaṇṇo</span> nāma dve magge uddissa ‘‘itthilakkhaṇena subhalakkhaṇena samannāgatāsī’’tiādinā (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.285) thomanā. <span class="bld">Avaṇṇo</span> nāma dve magge uddissa vuttavipariyāyena garahanā, ‘‘itthilakkhaṇena subhalakkhaṇena asamannāgatāsī’’tiādīhi khuṃsanāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Yācanā</span> nāma ‘‘dehi me, arahasi me dātu’’nti (pārā. 285) vacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Āyācanā</span> nāma ‘‘kadā te mātā pasīdissati, kadā te pitā pasīdissati, kadā te devatāyo pasīdissanti, kadā te sukhaṇo sulayo sumuhutto bhavissati, kadā te methunaṃ dhammaṃ labhissāmī’’ti (pārā. 285) vacanaṃ<a name="V0.0214"></a>. <span class="bld">Pucchanaṃ</span> nāma ‘‘kathaṃ tvaṃ sāmikassa desi, kathaṃ jārassa desī’’ti (pārā. 285) vacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭipucchanaṃ</span> nāma ‘‘evaṃ kira tvaṃ sāmikassa deti, evaṃ jārassa desī’’ti (pārā. 285) vacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ācikkhanaṃ</span> nāma puṭṭhassa ‘‘evaṃ dehi, evaṃ dentā sāmikassa piyā bhavissasi, manāpā cā’’ti (pārā. 285) bhaṇanaṃ. <span class="bld">Anusāsanaṃ</span> nāma apuṭṭhassa ‘‘evaṃ dehi, evaṃ dentā sāmikassa piyā bhavissasi, manāpā cā’’ti (pārā. 285) bhavanaṃ. <span class="bld">Akkosanaṃ</span> (pārā. 285) nāma ‘‘animittāsi, nimittamattāsi, alohitāsi, dhuvalohitāsi, dhuvacoḷāsi, paggharantīsi, sikharaṇīsi, itthipaṇḍakāsi, vepurisikāsi, sambhinnāsi, ubhatobyañjanakāsī’’ti (pārā. 285) vacanaṃ. Yasmā methunupasaṃhitāya vācāya adhikaṃ duṭṭhullaṃ nāma natthi, tasmā ‘‘methunupasaṃhitāhī’’ti idaṃ duṭṭhullavācāya sikhāpattalakkhaṇadassananti vuttaṃ, na pana methunupasaṃhitāyeva duṭṭhullavācattā. <span class="bld">Sikharaṇīsī</span>ti (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.285) bahinikkhantaāṇimaṃsā. <span class="bld">Sambhinnāsī</span>ti sambhinnavaccamaggapassāvamaggā. <span class="bld">Ubhatobyañjanakāsī</span>ti purisanimittena, itthinimittena cāti ubhatobyañjanehi samannāgatā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca vaṇṇabhaṇane tāva ‘‘itthilakkhaṇena subhalakkhaṇena samannāgatāsī’’ti vadati, na tāva sīsaṃ eti. ‘‘Tava vaccamaggo ca passāvamaggo ca subho subhasaṇṭhāno dassanīyo, īdisena nāma itthilakkhaṇena subhalakkhaṇena samannāgatāsī’’ti vadati, sīsaṃ eti, saṅghādiseso hotīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Avaṇṇabhaṇane <a name="M0.0231"></a> pana ‘‘animittāsī’’tiādīhi ekādasahi padehi avaṇṇe aghaṭite sīsaṃ na eti, ghaṭitepi tesu ‘‘sikharaṇīsi sambhinnāsi ubhatobyañjanakāsī’’ti imehi tīhi ghaṭiteyeva saṅghādiseso.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yācanāyapi ‘‘dehi me’’ti ettakeneva sīsaṃ na eti, ‘‘methunaṃ dhammaṃ dehī’’ti evaṃ methunadhammena ghaṭite eva saṅghādiseso.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Kadā te mātā pasīdissatī’’tiādīsu āyācanavacanesupi ettakeneva sīsaṃ na eti, ‘‘kadā te mātā pasīdissati, kadā te methunaṃ dhammaṃ labhissāmī’’ti vā ‘‘tava mātari pasannāya vā methunaṃ dhammaṃ labhissāmī’’tiādinā pana nayena methunadhammena ghaṭiteyeva saṅghādiseso.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Kathaṃ tvaṃ sāmikassa desī’’tiādīsu (pārā. 285) pucchāvacanesupi ‘‘methunaṃ dhamma’’nti <a name="V0.0215"></a> vutteyeva saṅghādiseso. ‘‘Evaṃ kira tvaṃ sāmikassa desī’’ti (pārā. 285) paṭipucchāvacanesupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ācikkhanāya ca ‘‘evaṃ dehī’’ti, ‘‘evaṃ dadamānā’’ti vuttepi sīsaṃ na eti, ‘‘methunaṃ dhammaṃ evaṃ dehi, evaṃ upanehi, evaṃ methunaṃ dhammaṃ dadamānā upanayamānā sāmikassa piyā hotī’’tiādinā pana nayena methunadhammena ghaṭiteyeva saṅghādiseso. Anusāsanivacanesupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Akkosavacanesu pana ekādasasu ‘‘sikharaṇīsi sambhinnāsi ubhatobyañjanakāsī’’ti imāni tīṇiyeva padāni suddhāni sīsaṃ enti, iti imāni ca tīṇi, purimāni ca vaccamaggapassāvamaggamethunadhammapadāni tīṇīti cha padāni suddhāni āpattikarāni, sesāni ‘‘animittāsī’’tiādīni animitte ‘‘methunaṃ dhammaṃ me dehī’’ti vā ‘‘animittāsi, methunaṃ dhammaṃ me dehī’’ti vā ādinā nayena methunadhammena ghaṭitāneva āpattikarāni hontīti veditabbāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Adhakkhaka</span>nti akkhakato paṭṭhāya adho. <span class="bld">Ubbhajāṇumaṇḍala</span>nti jāṇumaṇḍalato paṭṭhāya uddhaṃ. <span class="bld">Ubbhakkhaka</span>nti akkhakato paṭṭhāya uddhaṃ. <span class="bld">Adhojāṇumaṇḍala</span>nti jāṇumaṇḍalato paṭṭhāya adho. Akkhakaṃ, pana jāṇumaṇḍalañca ettheva dukkaṭakhette saṅgahaṃ gacchati bhikkhuniyā kāyasaṃsagge viya<a name="M0.0232"></a>. Na hi buddhā garukāpattiṃ sāvasesaṃ paññāpentīti. <span class="bld">Kāyappaṭibaddha</span>nti vatthaṃ vā pupphaṃ vā ābharaṇaṃ vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Atthadhammaanusāsanipurekkhārāna</span>nti (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.287) ettha ‘‘animittā’’tiādīnaṃ padānaṃ atthaṃ kathento, aṭṭhakathaṃ vā sajjhāyaṃ karonto <span class="bld">atthapurekkhāro</span> nāma, pāḷiṃ vācento, sajjhāyaṃ vā karonto <span class="bld">dhammapurekkhāro</span> nāma, ‘‘idānipi animittāsi, ubhatobyañjanakāsi, appamādaṃ dāni kareyyāsi, yathā āyatimpi evarūpā mā hohisī’’ti bhaṇanto <span class="bld">anusāsanipurekkhāro</span> nāma. Iti atthañca dhammañca anusāsaniñca purakkhitvā bhaṇantānaṃ anāpatti. Yo pana bhikkhunīnaṃ pāḷiṃ vācento pakativācanāmaggaṃ pahāya hasanto hasanto ‘‘sikharaṇīsi, sambhinnāsi, ubhatobyañjanakāsī’’ti punappunaṃ bhaṇati, tassa āpattiyeva. Idha <span class="bld">ādikammiko</span> udāyitthero, tassa anāpatti ādikammikassa. <span class="bld">Nanu</span> ‘‘sikharaṇī’’tiādīhi akkosantassa paṭighacittaṃ uppajjatīti dukkhavedanāyapi bhavitabbaṃ, atha <a name="V0.0216"></a> kasmā <span class="bld">dvivedana</span>nti? Nāyaṃ doso. Rāgavasena hi ayaṃ āpatti, na paṭighavasena, tasmā rāgavaseneva pavatto akkoso idhādhippeto, na paṭighavasenāpīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Duṭṭhullavācāsikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">4. Attakāmasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Attakāmapāricariyāvasenā</span>ti attakāmapāricariyāya rāgavasena. Idhāpi duṭṭhullāduṭṭhullajānanasamatthāva itthī adhippetāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘duṭṭhullobhāsena vuttappakārāya itthiyā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Samīpe</span>ti savanūpacāre. ‘‘Ṭhatvā’’ti pāṭhaseso. <span class="bld">Attakāmapāricariyā</span>ti kāmīyatīti <span class="bld">kāmo,</span> methunadhammo, paricaraṇaṃ upaṭṭhānaṃ paricariyā, sāva <span class="bld">pāricariyā,</span> kāmena pāricariyā <span class="bld">kāmapāricariyā,</span> attano kāmapāricariyā <span class="bld">attakāmapāricariyā,</span> attano atthāya methunadhammena upaṭṭhānanti attho. Atha vā kāmitāti <span class="bld">kāmā,</span> pāricariyā, attano kāmā <span class="bld">attakāmā,</span> attakāmā ca sā pāricariyā cāti <span class="bld">attakāmapāricariyā,</span> sayaṃ methunarāgavasena <a name="M0.0233"></a> patthitaupaṭṭhānanti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘methunadhammasaṅkhātenā’’</span>tiādi. Ettha ca paṭhamena atthavikappena kāmahetupāricariyāsaṅkhātaṃ atthattayaṃ dasseti, dutiyena adhippāyapāricariyāsaṅkhātaṃ atthadvayaṃ. Byañjane (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.291) pana ādaraṃ akatvā atthamattameva dassetuṃ ‘‘attano kāmaṃ attano hetuṃ attano adhippāyaṃ attano pāricariya’’nti (pārā. 292) padabhājanaṃ vuttaṃ. ‘‘Attano kāmaṃ attano hetuṃ attano pāricariya’’nti hi vutte jānissanti paṇḍitā ‘‘ettāvatā attano atthāya kāmapāricariyā vuttā’’ti, ‘‘attano adhippāyaṃ attano pāricariya’’nti (pārā. 292) vuttepi jānissanti ‘‘ettāvatā attanā icchitakāmitaṭṭhena attakāmapāricariyā vuttā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kalyāṇena bhaddakena guṇena samannāgatattā <span class="bld">kalyāṇadhammaṃ</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tadubhayenāpī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Abhirameyyā</span>ti toseyya. <span class="bld">Etadagga</span>nti esā aggā. <span class="bld">Pāricariyāna</span>nti pāricariyānaṃ majjhe, niddhāraṇe cetaṃ sāmivacanaṃ. Nanu duṭṭhallavācāsikkhāpade (pārā. 285) methunayācanaṃ āgataṃ, atha kasmā idaṃ vuttaṃ? Nāyaṃ doso. Tattha (sārattha. ṭī. 2.291) hi duṭṭhullavācassādarāgavasena vuttaṃ, idha pana attano methunassādarāgavasenāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tasmiṃyeva khaṇe</span>ti bhaṇitakkhaṇe. Ubhatobyañjanako pana paṇḍakagatikattā visuṃ na vutto<a name="V0.0217"></a>. ‘‘Imasmiṃ sikkhāpadadvaye kāyasaṃsagge viya yakkhipetīsupi duṭṭhullattakāmavacane thullaccaya’’nti (vajira. ṭī. pārājika 295) vadanti. <span class="bld">Tasmiṃyevā</span>ti paṇḍakeyeva itthisaññino attakāmapāricariyāya vaṇṇabhaṇanepi dukkaṭaṃ. ‘‘Yo te vihāre vasati, tassa aggadānaṃ methunaṃ dhammaṃ dehī’’ti pariyāyavacanepi dukkaṭaṃ. ‘‘Attakāmapāricariyāya vaṇṇaṃ bhāseyya yā mādisaṃ ‘sīlavanta’nti vuttattā’’ti (vajira. ṭī. pārājika 295) eke. ‘‘Pañcasu aṅgesu sabbhāvā saṅghādisesovā’’ti apare. ‘‘Methunupasaṃhitenā’’ti vuttattā <span class="bld">‘‘cīvarādīhi…pe… bhāsantassa anāpattī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Attakāmasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">5. Sañcarittasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sañcaraṇaṃ <a name="M0.0234"></a> <span class="bld">sañcaro,</span> so etassa atthīti <span class="bld">sañcarī,</span> sañcaraṇasīloti vā <span class="bld">sañcarī,</span> tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">sañcarittaṃ,</span> sañcaraṇanti attho. Tañca parato ‘‘itthiyā vā purisamati’’ntiādivacanato itthipurisānaṃ vemajjheti āha <span class="bld">‘‘itthipurisānaṃ antare sañcaraṇabhāva’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Paṭiggaṇhanavīmaṃsanapaccāharaṇānī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">paṭiggaṇhanaṃ</span> nāma purisena vā itthiyā vā ubhinnaṃ mātādīhi vā ‘‘bhante, itthannāmaṃ itthiṃ vā purisaṃ vā evaṃ bhaṇāhī’’ti vutte tesaṃ vacanaṃ ‘‘sādhū’’ti vā ‘‘hotū’’ti vā ‘‘bhaṇāmī’’ti vā yena kenaci ākārena vacībhedaṃ katvā, sīsakampanādīhi vā sampaṭicchanaṃ. <span class="bld">Vīmaṃsanaṃ</span> nāma vuttappakārena sāsanaṃ gahetvā tassā itthiyā vā purisassa vā tesaṃ avassaṃ ārocanakānaṃ mātāpitubhātābhaginiādīnaṃ vā santikaṃ gantvā tassa sāsanassa ārocanaṃ. <span class="bld">Paccāharaṇaṃ</span> nāma tena gantvā ārocite sā itthī vā puriso vā ‘‘sādhū’’ti sampaṭicchatu vā, mā vā, lajjāya vā tuṇhī hotu, puna āgantvā tassā itthiyā vā purisassa vā tassā pavattiyā ārocanaṃ. <span class="bld">Āpajjeyyā</span>ti paṭipajjeyya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Itthiyā vā purisamatiṃ purisassa vā itthimati</span>nti ettha ‘‘āroceyyā’’ti pāṭhaseso daṭṭhabbo. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘tatthā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Jāyābhāve</span>ti bhariyābhāve. <span class="bld">Jārabhāve</span>ti patibhāve, nimittatthe cetaṃ bhummavacanaṃ. Tasmā bhariyābhāvanimittaṃ patibhāvanimittaṃ, bhariyābhāvahetu patibhāvahetu, bhariyābhāvapaccayā patibhāvapaccayā ārocetīti attho. Esa nayo <span class="bld">‘‘jāyattane ārocetī’’</span>tiādīsupi. ‘‘Jāyattane vā jārattane vā’’ti hi idaṃ yadatthaṃ taṃ tesaṃ matiṃ āroceti<a name="V0.0218"></a>, taṃ dassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Idāni pana padabhājaniyaṃ (pārā. 302) vuttanayenāpi atthaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘apicā’’</span>tiādimāha. Kiñcāpi itthiliṅgavasena padabhājaniyaṃ vuttaṃ, ‘‘jāyattane vā jārattane vā’’ti pana niddesassa ubhayaliṅgasādhāraṇattā purisaliṅgavasenāpi yojetvā vattabbanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘eteneva upāyenā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Muhuttikā</span>ti gaṇikā. ‘‘Antamaso taṅkhaṇikāyapī’’ti idaṃ nidassanamattanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘eteneva upāyenā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aññatra</span> <a name="M0.0235"></a> <span class="bld">nālaṃvacanīyāyā</span>ti (sārattha. ṭī. 2.339-340) desacārittavasena paṇṇadānādinā apariccattaṃ ṭhapetvā. Sañcarittavasena bhikkhunā vacanīyā na hotīti <span class="bld">nālaṃvacanīyā,</span> taṃ ṭhapetvāti keci. Appena vā bahunā vā dhanena kītā <span class="bld">dhanakkītā</span>. Yasmā pana sā na kītamattāyeva bhariyā, saṃvāsatthāya pana kītattā bhariyā, tasmāssa niddese ‘‘dhanena kiṇitvā vāsetī’’ti (pārā. 304) vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Chandavāsinī</span>ti chandena attano ruciyā vasatīti chandavāsinī. Yasmā pana sā na attano chandamatteneva bhariyā hoti, purisena pana sampaṭicchitattā, tasmāssa niddese ‘‘piyo piyaṃ vāsetī’’ti (pārā. 304) vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena ‘‘bhogavāsinī, paṭavāsinī, odapattakinī, obhaṭacumbaṭā, dāsī ca bhariyā ca, kammakārī ca bhariyā ca, dhajāhaṭā, muhuttikā’’ti (pārā. 304) imesaṃ aṭṭhannaṃ ākārānaṃ gahaṇaṃ. Yathā ca ‘‘chandavāsinī’’tiādīsu aññataravasena vadato visaṅketo natthi, evaṃ pāḷiyaṃ avuttesupi ‘‘hohi kira itthannāmassa bhariyā, jāyā, pajāpati, puttamātā, gharaṇī, gharasāminī, bhattarandhikā, sussūsikā, paricārikā’’ti (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.305) evamādīsu saṃvāsaparidīpakesu vacanesu aññataravasena vadantassāpi visaṅketo natthi, tivaṅgasampattiyā āpattiyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Māturakkhitaṃ brūhī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">māturakkhitā</span> nāma mātarā rakkhitā, yathā purisena saha saṃvāsaṃ na kappeti, evaṃ mātarā rakkhitāti attho. Tenevassa padabhājanepi ‘‘mātā rakkhati gopeti, issariyaṃ kāreti, vasaṃ vattetī’’ti (pārā. 304) vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Piturakkhitādīsū</span>ti ‘‘piturakkhitā, mātāpiturakkhitā, bhāturakkhitā, bhaginirakkhitā, ñātirakkhitā, gottarakkhitā, dhammarakkhitā, sārakkhā, saparidaṇḍā’’ti (pārā. 303) evaṃ vuttesu piturakkhitādīsu. Yathā ca ettha, evaṃ ‘‘piturakkhitaṃ brūhī’’tiādīsupi nayo veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saṅghassa vā cetiyassa vā gilānassa vā kiccena gacchantassāti</span> (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.340) ettha bhikkhusaṅghassa uposathāgāraṃ vā kiñci vā vippakataṃ hoti. Tattha kārukānaṃ bhattavetanatthāya <a name="V0.0219"></a> upāsako vā upāsikāya santikaṃ bhikkhuṃ pahiṇeyya, upāsikā vā upāsakassa, evarūpena saṅghakiccena gacchantassa anāpatti. Cetiyakamme kariyamānepi eseva nayo. Gilānassa <a name="M0.0236"></a> bhesajjatthāyapi upāsakena vā upāsikāya santikaṃ, upāsikāya vā upāsakassa santikaṃ pahitassa gacchato anāpatti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kiñcāpi ettha ‘‘itthī nāma manussitthī, na yakkhī na petī na tiracchānagatā. Puriso nāma manussapuriso, na yakkho’’tiādi (sārattha. ṭī. 2.341) natthi, tathāpi manussajātikāva itthipurisā idha adhippetāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tesaṃ manussajātikatā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Nanālaṃvacanīyatā</span>ti yathāvuttanayena pariccattā alaṃvacanīyā. Nivāraṇattho hi ettha <span class="bld">alaṃ</span>-saddo. Na alaṃvacanīyā <span class="bld">nālaṃvacanīyā,</span> na nālaṃvacanīyā, tassā bhāvo nanālaṃvacanīyatā, ‘‘alaṃvacanīyatā’’icceva vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṇṇatti</span>nti, imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ. <span class="bld">Kāyavikārenā</span>ti sīsukkhipanādikāyavikārena. <span class="bld">Tatheva vīmaṃsitvā tatheva paccāharantassā</span>ti hatthamuddādinā kāyavikārena vīmaṃsitvā puna āgantvā tatheva ārocentassa. <span class="bld">Āgamissatī</span>ti tava santike dhammassavanādiatthaṃ āgamissati. <span class="bld">Kenaci vutte</span>ti āsanasālādīsu nisinnassa kenaci purisena vutte. Sace hi khīṇāsavassa mātāpitaro kujjhitvā alaṃvacanīyā honti, tañca bhikkhuṃ gharaṃ upagataṃ pitā vadati ‘‘mātā te, tāta, maṃ mahallakaṃ chaḍḍetvā ñātikulaṃ gatā, gaccha naṃ maṃ upaṭṭhātuṃ pesehī’’ti. So ce gantvā taṃ vatvā puna pituno tassā āgamanaṃ vā anāgamanaṃ vā āroceti, evaṃ ārocentassa tassapi kāyavācato samuṭṭhāti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘paṇṇattiṃ ajānantassa panā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Khīṇāsavassapī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">pi</span>-saddena sekkhaputhujjanānaṃ vattabbameva natthīti dīpeti. <span class="bld">Pituvacanenā</span>ti attano pituvacanena. <span class="bld">Gantvā</span>ti tassā samīpaṃ gantvā. Paṇṇattiṃ, alaṃvacanīyabhāvañcāti ubhayaṃ ajānantassapi kāyavācato samuṭṭhāti. <span class="bld">Tadubhaya</span>nti paṇṇattiṃ, alaṃvacanīyabhāvañca. Yaṃ pana paṇṇattiṃ jānitvā eteheva tīhi nayehi sañcarittaṃ samāpajjato kāyacittato, vācācittato, kāyavācācittato ca samuṭṭhāti. Imāni tīṇi paṇṇattijānanacittena ‘‘sacittakasamuṭṭhānānī’’ti vuttaṃ, taṃ ayuttaṃ. Na hi paṇṇattiṃ jānitvāpi ‘‘nālaṃvacanīyā’’ti maññamānassa sacittakehi samuṭṭhānehi āpatti samuṭṭhātīti vattuṃ yujjati vītikkamacetanāya asambhavato.</p>
<p class="centered">Sañcarittasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">6. Kuṭikārasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saññācikāya</span> <a name="M0.0237"></a><a name="V0.0220"></a> <span class="bld">panā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">sa</span>nti attavācako tatiyatthe nipāto, <span class="bld">yācikā</span>ti bhāvasādhano, tesañca majjhepadalopasamāso. <span class="bld">Panā</span>ti nipātamattameva. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sayaṃ pavattitayācanā vuccatī’’</span>ti. Yā hi attanā pavattitā, sā attano nāma hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tasmā’’</span>tiādi. Nanu na sakkā yācanāyeva kuṭiṃ kātunti anuyogaṃ sandhāya tassādhippāyatthaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sayaṃ yācitakehī’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">sayaṃ yācitakehī</span>ti ‘‘vāsiṃ detha, pharasuṃ dethā’’tiādinā (pārā. 342) sayaṃ yācitakehi. <span class="bld">Upakaraṇehī</span>ti vāsiyādīhi. Parena bhaṇḍasāmikena ‘‘mama ida’’nti apariccāgārakkhaṇagopanavasena pariggahitaṃ <span class="bld">parapariggahitakaṃ,</span> parasantakanti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Mūlacchedavasenā</span>ti mūlassa chindanavasena, parasantakabhāvato mocetvā attano santakaṃ katvāti vuttaṃ hoti. Evañhi aññātakaappavāritaṭṭhānato yācantassa aññātakaviññattiyā dukkaṭaṃ. <span class="bld">Tāvakālikaṃ pana vaṭṭatī</span>ti tāvakālikaṃ katvā yācituṃ vaṭṭati. Sakakammaṃ na yācitabbāti pāṇātipātasikkhāpadarakkhaṇatthaṃ vuttaṃ. ‘‘Hatthakammaṃ dethā’’ti aniyametvāpi na yācitabbā. Evaṃ yācitā hi te ‘‘sādhu, bhante’’ti bhikkhuṃ uyyojetvā migepi māretvā āhareyyuṃ. Niyametvā pana ‘‘vihāre kiñci kattabbaṃ atthi, tattha hatthakammaṃ dethā’’ti yācitabbā. ‘‘Kuṭi nāma ullittā vā hoti, avalittā vā ullittāvalittā vā’’ti (pārā. 345) padabhājane vuttattā <span class="bld">‘‘kuṭinti ullittādīsu aññatara’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. Tattha uddhaṃ mukhaṃ littā <span class="bld">ullittā</span>. Anto limpantā hi evaṃ limpanti. Adho mukhaṃ littā <span class="bld">avalittā</span>. Bahi limpantā hi evaṃ limpanti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tattha ullittā nāmā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Piṭṭhasaṅghāṭo</span>ti dvārabāhā. <span class="bld">‘‘Sudhāya vā mattikāya vā’’</span>ti etena ṭhapetvā ime dve lepe avaseso bhasmāgomayādibhedo alepoti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā pana saññācikāya kuṭiṃ karontenāpi idha vuttanayeneva paṭipajjitabbaṃ, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘sayaṃ vā karontena āṇattiyā vā kārāpentenā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Ettha ca <span class="bld">‘‘sayaṃ vā karontenā’’</span>ti iminā sāmatthiyato labbhamānamatthamāha, na tu padatthato. <span class="bld">‘‘Āṇattiyā vā kārāpentenā’’</span>ti <a name="M0.0238"></a> (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.348-349) pana padatthato. Evañca katvā yadi pana ‘‘karontena vā kārāpentena vā’’ti vadeyya, byañjanaṃ vilomitaṃ bhaveyya. Na hi kārāpento karonto nāma hotīti edisī codanā anavakāsāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Natthi sāmī pati etissāti <span class="bld">asāmikā,</span> taṃ <a name="V0.0221"></a> asāmikaṃ, anissaranti attho. Anissaratā cettha kārāpanenāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kāretā dāyakena virahita’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Uddeso</span>ti uddisitabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tatrā</span>ti sāmismiṃ bhummavacananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tassā kuṭiyā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Dīghaso</span>ti nissakkavacananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘dīghato’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Bahikuṭṭe</span>ti kuṭṭassa bahi, thusena missako piṇḍo <span class="bld">thusapiṇḍo,</span> tassa pariyanto <span class="bld">thusapiṇḍapariyanto,</span> tena, thusamissakamattikāpiṇḍapariyantenāti vuttaṃ hoti. Thusapiṇḍassūpari setakammaṃ pana abbohārikaṃ. Abbhantare bhavo <span class="bld">abbhantarimo,</span> tena. <span class="bld">Yatthā</span>ti yassaṃ kuṭiyaṃ. <span class="bld">Pamāṇayutto</span>ti pakatividatthiyā navavidatthipamāṇo. ‘‘Tiriyaṃ sattantarā’’ti (pārā. 348) ukkaṃsato pamāṇassa vuttattā <span class="bld">‘‘heṭṭhimakoṭiyā catuhatthavitthārā na hotī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sodhetvā</span>ti samatalasīmamaṇḍalasadisaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Padabhājane vuttanayena saṅghaṃ tikkhattuṃ yācitvā</span>ti ‘‘saṅghaṃ upasaṅkamitvā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā vuḍḍhānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ pāde vanditvā ukkuṭikaṃ nisīditvā añjaliṃ paggahetvā evamassa vacanīyo ‘ahaṃ, bhante, saññācikāya kuṭiṃ kattukāmo asāmikaṃ attuddesaṃ, sohaṃ, bhante, saṅghaṃ kuṭivatthuolokanaṃ yācāmī’’’ti (pārā. 349) padabhājane vuttanayena tikkhattuṃ yācitvā. <span class="bld">Saṅghena vā sammatā</span>ti padabhājaniyaṃ (pārā. 350) vuttena ñattidutiyakammena, apalokanakammavasena vā saṅghena sammatā. <span class="bld">Vatthū</span>ti kuṭivatthu. <span class="bld">Anārambha</span>nti anupaddavaṃ. Parito kamati gacchati etthāti <span class="bld">parikkamanaṃ,</span> tena saha vattatīti <span class="bld">saparikkamanaṃ,</span> saupacāranti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tehi bhikkhūhī’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kipillikādīna</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">kipillikā</span> (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.353) nāma rattakāḷapiṅgalādibhedā yā kāci, tā ādi yesaṃ tāni <span class="bld">kipillikādīni,</span> tesaṃ. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena upacikādīnaṃ saṅgahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Āsayo</span>ti nibaddhavasanaṭṭhānaṃ, so ādi <a name="M0.0239"></a> yesaṃ te <span class="bld">āsayādayo,</span> tehi. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena cettha nissitassa gahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Soḷasahi upaddavehī</span>ti ‘‘kipillikānaṃ vā āsayo hoti, upacikānaṃ vā undūrānaṃ vā ahīnaṃ vā vicchikānaṃ vā satapadīnaṃ vā hatthīnaṃ vā assānaṃ vā sīhānaṃ vā byagghānaṃ vā dīpīnaṃ vā acchānaṃ vā taracchānaṃ vā yesaṃ kesañci tiracchānagatānaṃ pāṇānaṃ vā āsayo hoti, pubbaṇṇanissitaṃ vā hoti, aparaṇṇaabbhāghātaāghātanasusānauyyānarājavatthuhatthisālāassasālābandhanāgārapānāgārasūnaracchācaccarasabhāsaṃsaraṇanissitaṃ vā hotī’’ti (pārā. 353) evaṃ vuttehi soḷasahi upaddavehi. Tattha <a name="V0.0222"></a> ca <span class="bld">abbhāghātaṃ</span> (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.353) nāma kāraṇāgharaṃ. <span class="bld">Āghātanaṃ</span> nāma dhammagandhikā. <span class="bld">Susāna</span>nti mahāsusānaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṃsaraṇaṃ</span> nāma anibbijjhagamanīyo gatapaccāgatamaggo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āvijjhituṃ sakkuṇeyyatāyā</span>ti chinnataṭādīnamabhāvato anupariyāyituṃ sakkuṇeyyatāya. <span class="bld">Tena bhikkhunā</span>ti kuṭikārakena bhikkhunā. <span class="bld">Yācitehī</span>ti ‘‘ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā vuḍḍhānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ pāde vanditvā ukkuṭikaṃ nisīditvā añjaliṃ paggahetvā evamassa vacanīyo ‘ahaṃ, bhante, saññācikāya kuṭiṃ kattukāmo asāmikaṃ attuddesaṃ, sohaṃ, bhante, saṅghaṃ kuṭivatthudesanaṃ yācāmī’’’ti (pārā. 351) tikkhattuṃ yācitehi. <span class="bld">Ñattidutiyena kammenā</span>ti –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho, ayaṃ itthannāmo bhikkhu saññācikāya kuṭiṃ kattukāmo asāmikaṃ attuddesaṃ, so saṅghaṃ kuṭivatthudesanaṃ yācati. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho itthannāmassa bhikkhuno kuṭivatthuṃ deseyya. Esā ñatti. Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho, ayaṃ itthannāmo bhikkhu saññācikāya kuṭiṃ kattukāmo asāmikaṃ attuddesaṃ, so saṅghaṃ kuṭivatthudesanaṃ yācati. Saṅgho itthannāmassa bhikkhuno kuṭivatthuṃ deseti, yassāyasmato khamati itthannāmassa bhikkhuno kuṭivatthussa desanā, so tuṇhassa. Yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya. Desitaṃ saṅghena itthannāmassa bhikkhuno kuṭivatthu, khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti –</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ <a name="M0.0240"></a> padabhājane vuttena ñattidutiyena kammena. <span class="bld">Āḷavikā</span> nāma āḷaviraṭṭhe jātā dārakā, te pabbajitakālepi ‘‘āḷavikā’’tveva paññāyiṃsu. Te sandhāya vuttaṃ <span class="bld">āḷavike bhikkhū’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Lepe ghaṭite</span>ti (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.353) antolepe vā antolepena saddhiṃ bhittiñca chadanañca ekābaddhaṃ katvā ghaṭite, bahilepe vā bahilepena saddhiṃ ghaṭite. <span class="bld">Dve ca dukkaṭāni</span> sārambhaaparikkamanavasena. <span class="bld">Ubhayavipannā</span>ti ubhayehi desanāpamāṇehi vipannā virahitā ubhayavipannā, adesitavatthukā pamāṇātikkantāti attho. <span class="bld">Tasmi</span>nti dvārabandhe vā vātapāne vā. <span class="bld">Lepo na ghaṭiyatī</span>ti pubbe dinnalepo dvārabandhena vā vātapānena vā saddhiṃ na ghaṭiyati, ekābaddhaṃ hutvā na tiṭṭhatīti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti dvārabandhaṃ vā vātapānaṃ vā parāmasati. <span class="bld">Paṭhamamevā</span>ti lepakiccassa niṭṭhitattā dvārabandhavātapānānaṃ ṭhapanato pubbeyeva, lepassa niṭṭhitakkhaṇeyevāti adhippāyo. ‘‘Bhikkhu kuṭiṃ karoti desitavatthukaṃ pamāṇikaṃ sārambhaṃ saparikkamanaṃ, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Bhikkhu kuṭiṃ karoti desitavatthukaṃ pamāṇikaṃ anārambhaṃ aparikkamanaṃ, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti (pārā. 355) padabhājaniyaṃ vuttattā <span class="bld">‘‘kevalaṃ sārambhāyā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Vippakata</span>nti <a name="V0.0223"></a> aniṭṭhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Aññassa dadato cā</span>ti aññassa puggalassa vā saṅghassa vā dadato ca. <span class="bld">Guhā</span> nāma iṭṭhakaguhā vā silāguhā vā dāruguhā vā bhūmiguhā vā. <span class="bld">Tiṇakuṭi</span> nāma sattabhūmikopi pāsādo tiṇacchadano ‘‘tiṇakuṭikā’’ti vuccati. <span class="bld">Aññassā</span>ti ācariyassa vā upajjhāyassa vā saṅghassa vā. <span class="bld">Vāsāgāraṃ ṭhapetvā</span>ti (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.364) attano vasanatthāya vāsāgāraṃ ṭhapetvā. <span class="bld">Uposathāgārādīsū</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">ādi</span>saddena jantāgharabhojanasālāaggisālānaṃ gahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Heṭṭhimapamāṇasambhavo</span>ti catuhatthavitthiṇṇatā. <span class="bld">Adesāpetvā karoto</span>ti vatthuṃ adesāpetvā pamāṇātikkantaṃ, pamāṇayuttaṃ vā karoto. Ettha ca vatthuno adesāpanaṃ <span class="bld">akiriyā</span>. Kuṭikaraṇaṃ <span class="bld">kiriyā</span>.</p>
<p class="centered">Kuṭikārasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">7. Vihārakārasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Mahantaṃ <a name="M0.0241"></a> lāti gaṇhātīti <span class="bld">mahallako,</span> taṃ mahallakaṃ. Yo ca yaṃ gaṇhāti, so tassa atthīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘mahantabhāvo etassa atthī</span>ti <span class="bld">mahallako’’</span>ti. So ca mahantabhāvo kena, kuto cāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sasāmikabhāvenā’’</span>tiādi. Na kevalaṃ sasāmikabhāvenevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yasmā vā’’</span>tiādi. Yadi evaṃ atha kasmā ‘‘mahallako nāma vihāro sasāmiko vuccatī’’ti (pārā. 367) ettakameva padabhājane vuttanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yasmā panā’’</span>tiādi. Viharanti etthāti <span class="bld">vihāro,</span> āvāso. Mātikāyaṃ <span class="bld">bhikkhū vā anabhineyyā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">vā</span>-saddo ‘‘ayaṃ vā so mahānāgo’’tiādīsu viya avadhāraṇattho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kosambiya</span>nti (sārattha. ṭī. 2.365) evaṃnāmake nagare. Tassa kira nagarassa ārāmapokkharaṇiādīsu tesu tesu ṭhānesu kosambarukkhāva ussannā ahesuṃ, tasmā taṃ ‘‘kosambī’’ti saṅkhaṃ gacchati. ‘‘Kusumbassa nāma isino assamato avidūre māpitattā’’ti eke. <span class="bld">Channattheraṃ ārabbhā</span>ti yo abhinikkhamanakāle saddhiṃ nikkhanto, yassa ca satthārā parinibbānakāle brahmadaṇḍo (cūḷava. 445) āṇatto, taṃ channattheraṃ ārabbha. <span class="bld">Cetiyarukkha</span>nti cittīkataṭṭhena <span class="bld">cetiyaṃ,</span> pūjārahānaṃ devaṭṭhānānametaṃ adhivacanaṃ, ‘‘cetiya’’nti sammataṃ rukkhaṃ <span class="bld">cetiyarukkhaṃ</span>. Vatthuno adesanāya āpajjanato <span class="bld">‘‘akiriyamattato samuṭṭhānabhāvo’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Matta</span>-saddena kiriyato samuṭṭhānataṃ paṭikkhipati. Keci pana ‘‘vatthuadesanāya, kuṭikaraṇena ca samuṭṭhānato kiriyākiriyato samuṭṭhātī’’ti vadanti. Pamāṇaniyamābhāvova viseso.</p>
<p class="centered">Vihārakārasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">8. Duṭṭhadosasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dūsīyatīti <a name="V0.0224"></a> <span class="bld">duṭṭho,</span> dūseti paraṃ vināsetīti <span class="bld">doso</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘dūsito cevā’’</span>tiādi. Idāni ‘‘dūsito ceva dūsako cā’’ti iminā <a name="M0.0242"></a> saṅkhepena vuttamevatthaṃ vitthāretvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘uppanne hi dose’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Pakatibhāvaṃ jahāpito</span>ti (sārattha. ṭī. 2.385-386) sommabhāvaṃ jahāpitoti attho, vikāramāpāditoti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Ākāranānāttenā</span>ti dūsitākārassa ceva dūsakākārassa cāti imesaṃ dvinnaṃ ākārānaṃ nānābhāvena. <span class="bld">Nappatito</span>ti pītisukhādīhi na abhigato anupagato, na upagatoti attho. Yo ca pītisukhādīhi anupagato, so tehi vajjito nāma hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pītisukhādīhi vivajjito’’</span>ti. Yo ca tehi vajjito, na so tehi abhisaṭo nāma hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘na abhisaṭo’’</span>ti, pītisukhādīhi na patthaṭoti attho. Nāssa mūlanti <span class="bld">amūlakaṃ</span>. Taṃ pana amūlakattaṃ yasmā codakavasena adhippetaṃ, na cuditakavasena, tasmā tadatthaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ codakenā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">ya</span>nti pārājikaṃ. <span class="bld">Eta</span>nti cuditakassa āpannānāpannattaṃ. <span class="bld">Idhā</span>ti imasmiṃ sikkhāpade.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni attanā vuttameva diṭṭhādiṃ vivarituṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ettha cā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Tathevā</span>ti ‘‘pasādasotena vā dibbasotena vā’’ti imamatthaṃ atidisati. <span class="bld">Parisaṅkitaṃ</span> (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.385-386) pana tividhaṃ diṭṭhaparisaṅkitaṃ, sutaparisaṅkitaṃ, mutaparisaṅkitanti. Tattha bhikkhuñca mātugāmañca tathārūpe ṭhāne disvā ‘‘addhā imehi kata’’nti vā ‘‘karissantī’’ti vā parisaṅkitaṃ, idaṃ <span class="bld">diṭṭhaparisaṅkitaṃ</span> nāma. Andhakāre vā paṭicchannokāse vā bhikkhussa ca mātugāmassa ca vacanaṃ sutvā dutiyassa atthibhāvaṃ ajānato pubbe vuttanayena parisaṅkitaṃ, idaṃ <span class="bld">sutaparisaṅkitaṃ</span> nāma. Dhuttehi itthīhi saddhiṃ paccantavihāre maṇḍape vā sālādīsu vā pupphagandhamaṃsasurādīni anubhavitvā gataṭṭhānaṃ disvā ‘‘kena nu kho idaṃ kata’’nti vīmaṃsantena tatra kenaci bhikkhunā gandhādīhi pūjā katā hoti, bhesajjatthāya ariṭṭhaṃ vā pītaṃ, so tassa gandhaṃ ghāyitvā ‘‘ayaṃ so bhavissatī’’ti parisaṅkitaṃ, idaṃ <span class="bld">mutaparisaṅkitaṃ</span> nāma. Evaṃ tividhassa parisaṅkitassa abhāvo <span class="bld">aparisaṅkitaṃ</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘diṭṭhasutamutavasena cetasā aparisaṅkita’’</span>nti. Tañca panetaṃ diṭṭhādikaṃ na kevalaṃ attano vāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘attano vā parassa vā’’</span>ti. Yasmā ‘‘tvaṃ paṇḍako’’tiādivacanenāpi codayato āpattiyeva, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘bhikkhuno anurūpesu ekūnavīsatiyā aññatarenā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Yadi evaṃ atha kasmā padabhājane <a name="M0.0243"></a> ‘‘pārājikena dhammenāti catunnaṃ aññatarenā’’ti (pārā. 386) vuttanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘padabhājane</span> <a name="V0.0225"></a> <span class="bld">panā’’</span>tiādi. Upasagganipātānaṃ vācakasaddasanniṭṭhāne tadatthajotanabhāvena pavattanato <span class="bld">‘‘dhaṃseyyā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Dhaṃsana</span>ñcettha abhibhavanaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘abhibhaveyyā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">‘‘Tvaṃ methunaṃ dhammaṃ paṭisevī’’tiādinā nayena pavattā</span>ti ‘‘tvaṃ methunaṃ dhammaṃ paṭisevi, adinnaṃ ādiyi, manussaṃ ghātayittha, abhūtaṃ ārocayitthā’’ti evaṃ pavattā. Ettha ca ‘‘assamaṇosī’ti avandanakāraṇassa avuttattā antimavatthuṃ ajjhāpanno na vanditabbo’’ti vadanti, taṃ na gahetabbaṃ avandiyesu antimavatthuṃ ajjhāpannassa avuttattā, ‘‘pacchā upasampannena pure upasampanno vandiyo’’ti (pari. 468) vuttattā ca. Idaṃ pana attanā vattabbaṃ dassetuṃ vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samīpe</span>ti dvādasahatthapamāṇe padese. Sikkhāpaccakkhānameva hi hatthamuddāya sīsaṃ na eti, idaṃ pana anuddhaṃsanaṃ, abhūtarocanañca etiyeva. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘hatthamuddāya eva vā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Brahmacariyā</span>ti brahmaṃ seṭṭhaṃ pasatthaṃ cariyanti <span class="bld">brahmacariyaṃ,</span> brahmūnaṃ vā seṭṭhānaṃ buddhapaccekabuddhaariyasāvakānaṃ, brahmānañca cariyanti <span class="bld">brahmacariyaṃ,</span> tamhā brahmacariyā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘seṭṭhacariyā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sādhu vatassa</span> ekantena bhaddakaṃ bhaveyya. ‘‘Tajjanīyakammādisattavidhampi kammaṃ karissāmā’’ti āpattiyā codentassa adhippāyo <span class="bld">kammādhippāyo</span>. ‘‘Āpattito vuṭṭhāpessāmā’’ti adhippāyo <span class="bld">vuṭṭhānādhippāyo</span>. <span class="bld">Anuvijjanādhippāyo</span>ti vīmaṃsanādhippāyo, upaparikkhādhippāyo. <span class="bld">Anuvijjakenā</span>ti saṅghamajjhe otiṇṇaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vinicchinituṃ nisinnena vinayadharena. <span class="bld">Kiṃ te diṭṭha</span>nti tayā kiṃ diṭṭhaṃ, paṭhamaṃ pārājikaṃ ajjhāpajjanto diṭṭho, dutiyaṃ tatiyaṃ catutthaṃ pārājikaṃ āpajjanto diṭṭhoti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena ‘‘kinti te diṭṭhaṃ, kadā te diṭṭhaṃ, kattha te diṭṭha’’nti imaṃ nayaṃ saṅgaṇhāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Samanatthāya pavattamānehi samathehi adhikātabbanti <span class="bld">adhikaraṇaṃ</span>. Yathā hi samanavasena samathānaṃ vivādādīsu adhikatabhāvo, evaṃ vivādādīnaṃ tehi adhikattabbatāti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘samathehi adhikaraṇīyabhāvenā’’</span>tiādi. Iminā hi adhikaraṇasaddassa kammasādhanatā vuttā. <span class="bld">Adhikaraṇa</span>nti vivādādhikaraṇaṃ anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ āpattādhikaraṇaṃ kiccādhikaraṇanti catubbidhaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ. Vivādādīni adhikaraṇāni samenti vūpasamentīti <a name="M0.0244"></a> <span class="bld">samathā,</span> sammukhāvinayādayo. Atha vā adhikarīyanti etthāti <span class="bld">adhikaraṇaṃ</span>. Ke adhikarīyanti? Samathā. Kathaṃ adhikarīyanti? Samanavasena. Adhikaraṇaṃ samenti vūpasamentītipi <span class="bld">samathā</span>ti evampettha attho daṭṭhabbo. Āpattādhikaraṇaṃ ṭhapetvā sesādhikaraṇehi codanāya abhāvato <span class="bld">‘‘idaṃ pana pārājikasaṅkhātaṃ</span> <a name="V0.0226"></a> <span class="bld">āpattādhikaraṇameva adhippeta’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. Āpattiyeva adhikaraṇaṃ <span class="bld">āpattādhikaraṇaṃ. Anuddhaṃsitakkhaṇeyeva saṅghādiseso,</span> so ce taṅkhaṇeyeva jānātīti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mettiyabhūmajake</span>ti mettiyañca bhūmajakañca. Chabbaggiyānaṃ aggapurisā ete. <span class="bld">Suddhaṃ vā</span>ti pārājikamanāpannaṃ vā. <span class="bld">‘‘Sace so taṅkhaṇeyeva jānātī’’</span>ti iminā āvajjanasamayamāha. Taṅkhaṇeyeva jānanaṃ nāma dukkaraṃ, samayena āvajjitvā ñāte pana ñātameva hoti. Pacchā ce jānāti, sīsaṃ na eti. Sikkhāpaccakkhānaabhūtārocanaduṭṭhullavācāattakāmaduṭṭhadosabhūtārocanasikkhāpadānīti sabbāneva hi imāni ekaparicchedāni. Yasmā pana parammukhā sattahipi āpattikkhandhehi vadato dukkaṭameva, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘parammukhā codentassa pana sīsaṃ na etī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Vuttanayāpattiyo</span>ti ‘‘vācāya vācāyā’’tiādinā vuttanayā saṅghādisesadukkaṭāpattiyo. <span class="bld">Tathevā</span>ti vācāya vācāyeva. <span class="bld">Vadantassā</span>ti sattahipi āpattikkhandhehi upasampannaṃ sammukhā vadantassa. <span class="bld">Vuttanayenevā</span>ti vācāya vācāyeva. Okāsaṃ kāretvā upasampannaṃ sammukhā vadantassa vācāya vācāya pācittiyanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘okāsaṃ kāretvā vadantassa pācittiyamevā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Eva</span>saddena dukkaṭaṃ nivattīyati. Asammukhā sattahipi āpattikkhandhehi vadantassa dukkaṭaṃ. <span class="bld">Sattavidhampi kamma</span>nti tajjanīyaṃ, niyasaṃ, pabbājanīyaṃ, paṭisāraṇīyaṃ, tividhañca ukkhepanīyanti sattavidhampi kammaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uposathaṃ vā pavāraṇaṃ vā ṭhapentassa ca okāsakammaṃ natthī</span>ti ettha uposathato pure vā pacchā vā ṭhapitopi aṭṭhapito hoti. Khette ṭhapito pana ṭhapito hoti, tasmā ‘‘suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho, ajjuposatho pannaraso, yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho uposathaṃ kareyyā’’ti ettha yāva <span class="bld">re</span>-kāraṃ bhaṇati, tāva ṭhapetabbo, idaṃ khettaṃ. <span class="bld">Yya</span>-kāre pana vutte ṭhapentena pacchā ṭhapito nāma hoti<a name="M0.0245"></a>. ‘‘Suṇātu me’’ti anāraddhe ṭhapentena pure ṭhapito hoti. Pavāraṇāṭṭhapanaṃ pana sabbasaṅgāhikaṃ, puggalikañcāti duvidhaṃ. Tattha sabbasaṅgāhike ‘‘suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho…pe… saṅgho tevācikaṃ pavāreyyā’’ti <span class="bld">su</span>-kārato yāva <span class="bld">re</span>-kāro, tāva apariyositāva hoti pavāraṇā, etthantare ekapadepi ṭhapentena ṭhapitā hoti pavāraṇā. <span class="bld">Yya</span>-kāre pana patte pariyositāva hoti, tasmā tato paṭṭhāya ṭhapentena aṭṭhapitā hoti. Puggalikaṭṭhapane pana ‘‘saṅghaṃ, bhante, pavāremi…pe… tatiyampi bhante saṅghaṃ pavāremi diṭṭhena vā…pe… passanto paṭī’’ti (mahāva. 210) <span class="bld">saṃ</span>-kārato yāva ayaṃ sabbapacchimo <span class="bld">ṭi</span>-kāro, tāva apariyositāva hoti pavāraṇā, etthantare ekapadepi ṭhapentena ṭhapitā hoti pavāraṇā. ‘‘Karissāmī’’ti vutte pana pariyositā hoti, tasmā ‘‘karissāmī’’ti etasmiṃ pade sampatte ṭhapitāpi <a name="V0.0227"></a> aṭṭhapitā hoti. Eseva nayo dvevācikaekavācikasamānavassikāsu. Etāsupi hi <span class="bld">ṭi</span>-kārāvasānaṃyeva ṭhapanakkhettanti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ṭhapanakkhettaṃ pana jānitabba’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Osaṭe vatthusmi</span>nti codakena attanā vattabbe saṅghamajjhe udāhaṭe. <span class="bld">Idañca idañca karotī</span>ti pāṇātipātaṃ, adinnādānañca karoti, jātarūparajatañca paṭiggaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Asuko ca asuko ca assamaṇo, anupāsako</span>ti akkosādhippāyena parammukhā vadantassa dukkaṭaṃ, sammukhā vadantassa pana pācittiyameva. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sace pana odissa niyametvā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Saṅkhyupagamana</span>nti vohārūpagamanaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Duṭṭhadosasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">9. Aññabhāgiyasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aññabhāgassā</span>ti aññakoṭṭhāsassa, yaṃ codetukāmo, tassa jātiādito aññassa tiracchānajātiādikoṭṭhāsassāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Ida</span>nti napuṃsakaniddesena chagalakādiṃ niddisati, ayaṃ chagalakādikoti attho, adhikaraṇasaddāpekkhāya vā napuṃsakaniddeso, idaṃ chagalakādisaṅkhātaṃ adhikaraṇanti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Aññabhāgo vā</span>ti tiracchānajātiādibhedo añño koṭṭhāso vā. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti chagalakādikassa<a name="M0.0246"></a>. <span class="bld">Aññabhāgiyaṃ</span> chagalakādi. Ettha ca ‘‘aññabhāgasambandhi aññabhāgiya’’nti paṭhamaviggahassa attho, ‘‘aññabhāgavantaṃ aññabhāgiya’’nti dutiyaviggahassa. Ṭhapetvā pana tiracchānajātiādikaṃ paramatthato visuṃ chagalakādike asatipi ‘‘paṭimāya sarīra’’ntiādīsu viya abhedepi bhedakappanāya pavattalokavohāravasena <span class="bld">‘‘aññabhāgassa idaṃ, aññabhāgo vā assa atthī’’</span>ti vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Adhikarīyati etthāti <span class="bld">adhikaraṇaṃ</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ādhāro veditabbo’’</span>ti. Ādharīyati asminti <span class="bld">ādhāro,</span> patiṭṭhānaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vatthu adhiṭṭhānanti vuttaṃ hotī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni ‘‘aññabhāgassa ida’’ntiādinā saṅkhepena vuttamevatthaṃ kevalaṃ nayadassanatthaṃ aṭṭhuppattiyaṃ āgatameva gahetvā vibhajanto <span class="bld">‘‘yo hi so’’</span>tiādimāha. Tena nanu anāgate evaṃ codentānaṃ pāpabhikkhūnaṃ lesokāsapidahanatthaṃ idaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ paññattaṃ, na pana mettiyabhūmajakānaṃ. Tesañhi ādikammikattā anāpatti, tasmā sāmaññena attho vibhajitabbo. Na pana ‘‘yo hi so aṭṭhuppattiyaṃ dabbo mallaputto’’tiādinā visesenāti edisī codanā anavakāsāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Hī</span>ti kāraṇatthe nipāto, yasmāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhuppattiya</span>nti <a name="V0.0228"></a> atthassa uppatti atthuppatti, atthuppattiyeva <span class="bld">aṭṭhuppatti,</span> tassaṃ aṭṭhuppattiyaṃ, sikkhāpadassa nidāneti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Chagalako</span>ti setachagalako. <span class="bld">So</span>ti chagalako. Imassa pana ‘‘hotī’’ti iminā sambandho. <span class="bld">Aññassa…pe… chagalakabhāvassa cā</span>ti ‘‘tiracchānajātiyā ceva chagalakabhāvassa cā’’ti saṅkhātassa aññassa bhāgassa koṭṭhāsassa, pakkhassāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kutoyamañño, yato ‘‘aññassa bhāgassā’’ti vuttanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yvāyaṃ…pe… tato’’</span>ti. Tattha <span class="bld">manussajāti ceva bhikkhubhāvo cā</span>ti yo ayaṃ bhāgo koṭṭhāso pakkhoti sambandho, ‘‘manussajāti ceva bhikkhubhāvo cā’’ti saṅkhāto yo ayaṃ bhāgo koṭṭhāso pakkhoti attho. <span class="bld">Tato</span>ti ‘‘manussajāti ceva bhikkhubhāvo cā’’ti bhāgato. <span class="bld">So vā aññabhāgo</span>ti yathāvuttatiracchānajātichagalakabhāvasaṅkhāto so aññabhāgo vā. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti chagalakassa. <span class="bld">Atthī</span>ti upalabbhati. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā aññabhāgassa chagalako hoti, yasmā ca so vā aññabhāgo assa <a name="M0.0247"></a> atthi, tasmā. <span class="bld">Aññabhāgiyasaṅkhyaṃ labhatī</span>ti ettha ‘‘so yvāya’’nti idha so-saddameva ānetvā so aññabhāgiyasaṅkhaṃ labhatīti yojetabbaṃ, ‘‘so’’ti vā pāṭhaseso daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Ca</span>-saddo samuccayattho. So pana adhikaraṇasaddato paraṃ daṭṭhabbo, ‘‘adhikaraṇa’’nti ca veditabboti. <span class="bld">Tesa</span>nti mettiyabhūmajakānaṃ. <span class="bld">Imaṃ mayaṃ dabbaṃ mallaputtaṃ nāma karomā</span>ti chagalakaṃ ajikāya vippaṭipajjantaṃ disvā ‘‘mayaṃ, āvuso, imaṃ chagalakaṃ dabbaṃ mallaputtaṃ nāma karomā’’ti vadantānaṃ. <span class="bld">Nāmakaraṇasaññāyā</span>ti nāmakaraṇasaṅkhātāya saññāya. Etthāpi ‘‘yo so’’tiādikaṃ ānetvā tassā nāmakaraṇasaññāya yo so aṭṭhuppattiyaṃ ‘‘dabbo mallaputto nāmā’’ti chagalako vutto, so yasmā ādhāro vatthu adhiṭṭhānanti yojetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni kathametaṃ viññāyati ‘‘adhikaraṇa’’nti cettha ādhāro veditabbo, na vivādādhikaraṇādīsu aññataranti anuyogaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘tañhi sandhāyā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">ta</span>nti tassā nāmakaraṇasaññāya adhiṭṭhānabhūtaṃ chagalakaṃ paccāmasati. Vivādādhikaraṇādīsu aññataraṃ sandhāya na vuttanti sambandho. Tattha kāraṇaṃ pucchati <span class="bld">‘‘kasmā’’</span>ti. Kāraṇamāha <span class="bld">‘‘asambhavato’’</span>ti. Idāni tameva asambhavaṃ pākaṭaṃ katvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘na hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Na hi upādiyiṃsūti sambandho. <span class="bld">Upādiyiṃsū</span>ti gaṇhiṃsu. Kiṃ catunnaṃ adhikaraṇānampi leso atthi, yenevaṃ vuttanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘na ca catunnaṃ adhikaraṇāna’’</span>ntiādi. Idāni tameva samatthetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘jātilesādayo hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha jātiyeva leso <span class="bld">jātileso</span>. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena nāmalesādīnaṃ gahaṇaṃ. Hoti cettha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Lesā <a name="V0.0229"></a> jātināmagotta-liṅgāpattivasāpi ca;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Pattacīvarupajjhāyā-cariyāvāsavasā dasā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āpattileso</span> nāma lahukaṃ āpattiṃ āpajjanto diṭṭho hoti. Tañce pārājikena codeti ‘‘assamaṇosi, asakyaputtiyosī’’ti, āpatti vācāya vācāya saṅghādisesassāti (pārā. 396) evaṃ āpattilesampi puggalasmiṃyeva āropetvā vuttattā <span class="bld">‘‘puggalānaṃyeva lesā vuttā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ<a name="M0.0248"></a>. <span class="bld">Tañca ‘‘dabbo mallaputto’’ti nāma</span>nti mettiyabhūmajakehi chagalakassa kataṃ taṃ ‘‘dabbo mallaputto’’ti nāmañca. Evaṃ asambhavaṃ dassetvā idāni imināva pasaṅgena desalesasaddānaṃ atthaṃ saṃvaṇṇetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ettha cā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti etesu dvīsu desalesesu. <span class="bld">Deso</span> nāma jātiādibhedo vohāro. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘jātiādīsū’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Aññampi vatthu</span>nti yasmiṃ vatthusmiṃ patiṭṭhitaṃ, taṃ muñcitvā aññampi vatthuṃ. Kathaṃ silissatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vohāramattenevā’’</span>tiādi, vohāramatteneva, na tu atthatoti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">‘‘Īsakaṃ allīyatī’’</span>ti iminā ‘‘leso’’ti lisa allībhāveti imassa rūpanti dasseti. Kiñcāpi desalesānaṃ vuttanayena byañjanato nānākaraṇaṃ atthi, atthato pana natthīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘jātiādīnaṃyeva aññatarakoṭṭhāsassetaṃ adhivacana’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadi pana nāmakaraṇasaññāya ādhārabhūtaṃ chagalakaṃ sandhāya ‘‘aññabhāgiyassa adhikaraṇassā’’ti vuttaṃ, atha kasmā padabhājane taṃ avibhajitvā ‘‘aññabhāgiyassa adhikaraṇassāti āpattaññabhāgiyaṃ vā hoti adhikaraṇaññabhāgiyaṃ vā’’tiādi (pārā. 393) vuttanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘padabhājane panā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti ādhārasaṅkhātaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Āvibhūtaṃ</span> pākaṭaṃ. <span class="bld">Atthuddhāravasenā</span>ti tena vattabbaatthānaṃ uddharaṇavasena. Nanu ca ‘‘atthamattaṃ pati saddā abhinivisantī’’ti na ekena saddena anekatthā abhidhīyantīti? Saccametaṃ saddavisese apekkhite, tesaṃ tesaṃ pana atthānaṃ adhikaraṇasaddavacanīyatāsāmaññaṃ upādāya vuccamāno ayaṃ vicāro adhikaraṇasaddassa atthuddhāroti vutto. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘adhikaraṇanti vacanasāmaññato atthuddhāravasena pavattāni cattāri adhikaraṇānī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Aññabhāgiyatā</span>ti aññapakkhiyatā. <span class="bld">Tabbhāgiyatā</span>ti tappakkhiyatā. <span class="bld">Apākaṭā</span> padabhājanato aññatra dassitaṭṭhānābhāvato. <span class="bld">Avasāne āpattaññabhāgiyena codanañcā</span>ti ‘‘bhikkhu saṅghādisesaṃ ajjhāpajjanto diṭṭho hoti, saṅghādisese saṅghādisesadiṭṭhi hoti, tañce pārājikena codetī’’tiādicodanaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘adhikaraṇaññabhāgiya’’</span>nti. Ekamekañhi adhikaraṇaṃ itaresaṃ tiṇṇaṃ tiṇṇaṃ aññabhāgiyaṃ aññapakkhiyaṃ <a name="V0.0230"></a> aññakoṭṭhāsiyaṃ hoti vatthuvisabhāgattā. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena <a name="M0.0249"></a> ‘‘kathaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ adhikaraṇassa aññabhāgiya’’ntiādiko padavibhāgo saṅgahito.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kiñci desaṃ lesamattaṃ upādāyā</span>ti ettha yaṃ vattabbaṃ, tassāpi asambhavadassanappasaṅgena heṭṭhā vuttattā <span class="bld">‘‘sesā vinicchayakathā aṭṭhame vuttasadisāyevā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">sesā vinicchayakathā</span>ti ‘‘pārājikenāti bhikkhuno anurūpesu ekūnavisatiyā aññatarenā’’tiādikā (kaṅkhā. aṭṭha. duṭṭhadosasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā) vinicchayakathā. <span class="bld">Vuttasadisāyevā</span>ti ettha imasmiṃ sikkhāpade yā vattabbā, tena sikkhāpadena sādhāraṇabhūtā sā vuttasadisāyevāti adhippetā, na asādhāraṇabhūtā apubbavaṇṇanāya adhippetattā. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘ayaṃ panā’’</span>tiādi. Purimasmiṃ sikkhāpadepi tathāsaññino anāpattikattā <span class="bld">‘‘idha cā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Tathāsaññinopī</span>ti ‘‘pārājikaṃyeva ayaṃ āpanno’’ti evaṃsaññinopi. <span class="bld">Iti</span>saddo ādiattho vā pakārattho vā. Tena kenaci bhikkhunā añño koci khattiyajātiko pārājikaṃ dhammaṃ ajjhāpajjanto diṭṭho hoti, atha so aññaṃ attano veriṃ khattiyajātikaṃ bhikkhuṃ passitvā taṃ khattiyajātilesaṃ gahetvā evaṃ codeti ‘‘khattiyo mayā diṭṭho pārājikaṃ dhammaṃ ajjhāpajjanto, tvaṃ khattiyo pārājikaṃ dhammaṃ ajjhāpannosi, atha vā tvaṃ kho khattiyo, na añño, pārājikaṃ dhammaṃ ajjhāpannosi, assamaṇosi, asakyaputtiyosi, natthi tayā saddhiṃ uposatho vā pavāraṇā vā saṅghakammaṃ vā’’ti, āpatti vācāya vācāya saṅghādisesassa. Ettha ca tesaṃ khattiyānaṃ aññamaññaṃ asadisassa tassa tassa dīghādino vā diṭṭhādino vā vasena aññabhāgiyatā, khattiyajātipaññattiyā ādhāravasena adhikaraṇatā ca veditabbā. Esa nayo nāmalesādīsupi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Āpattilese pana kenaci bhikkhunā koci bhikkhu lahukaṃ āpattiṃ āpajjanto diṭṭho hoti, so cetaṃ bhikkhuṃ pārājikena codeti, āpatti vācāya vācāya saṅghādisesassa. Yadi evaṃ kathaṃ aññabhāgiyaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ hotīti? Yañhi so lahukaṃ āpattiṃ āpanno, taṃ pārājikassa aññabhāgiyaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ, tassa pana aññabhāgiyassa adhikaraṇassa leso nāma. Yo so sabbakhattiyānaṃ sādhāraṇo khattiyabhāvo viya sabbāpattīnaṃ sādhāraṇo āpattibhāvo. Eteneva upāyena <a name="M0.0250"></a> ‘‘kenaci bhikkhunā koci bhikkhu saṅghādisesaṃ ajjhāpajjanto diṭṭho hotī’’tiādikaṃ visesaṃ saṅgaṇhāti.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Aññabhāgiyasikkhaṃ <a name="V0.0231"></a> yo, neva sikkhati yuttito;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Gacche vinayaviññūhi, aññabhāgiyataṃva so. (vajira. ṭī. pārājika 408);</p>
<p class="centered">Aññabhāgiyasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">10. Saṅghabhedasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sahitassā</span>ti kāyacittehi ekībhūtassa. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘cittena ca sarīrena ca aviyuttassāti attho’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti ‘‘samaggassā’’ti padassa. <span class="bld">Samānasaṃvāsako</span>ti samāno ekūposathādibhedo saṃvāso assāti samānasaṃvāsako, laddhinānāsaṃvāsakena vā kammanānāsaṃvāsakena vā virahito. <span class="bld">Kāyasāmaggidānato</span>ti kāyena, kāyassa vā sāmaggiyā sahitabhāvassa dānato, tesu tesu saṅghakammesu hatthapāsūpagamanatoti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Kathaṃ nāmāyaṃ bhijjeyyā</span>ti ayaṃ saṅgho kena nu kho upāyena vaggo bhaveyya. <span class="bld">Vāyāmeyyā</span>ti ussāhaṃ kareyya, pakkhaṃ pariyeseyya, gaṇaṃ bandheyyāti vuttaṃ hoti. Attano phalaṃ karotīti <span class="bld">karaṇaṃ,</span> yaṃ kiñci kāraṇaṃ, adhikaṃ karaṇanti <span class="bld">adhikaraṇaṃ,</span> visesakāraṇaṃ, visesakāraṇañca saṅghabhedassāti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘bhedanassā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Bhedakaravatthuvasena aṭṭhārasavidha</span>nti –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Idhupāli bhikkhū adhammaṃ ‘dhammo’ti dīpenti, dhammaṃ ‘adhammo’ti dīpenti. Avinayaṃ ‘vinayo’ti dīpenti, vinayaṃ ‘avinayo’ti dīpenti. Abhāsitaṃ alapitaṃ tathāgatena ‘bhāsitaṃ lapitaṃ tathāgatenā’ti dīpenti, bhāsitaṃ lapitaṃ tathāgatena ‘abhāsitaṃ alapitaṃ tathāgatenā’ti dīpenti. Anāciṇṇaṃ tathāgatena ‘āciṇṇaṃ tathāgatenā’ti dīpenti, āciṇṇaṃ tathāgatena ‘anāciṇṇaṃ tathāgatenā’ti dīpenti. Apaññattaṃ tathāgatena ‘paññattaṃ tathāgatenā’ti dīpenti, paññattaṃ tathāgatena <a name="M0.0251"></a> ‘apaññattaṃ tathāgatenā’ti dīpenti. Anāpattiṃ ‘āpattī’ti dīpenti, āpattiṃ ‘anāpattī’ti dīpenti. Lahukaṃ āpattiṃ ‘garukā āpattī’ti dīpenti, garukaṃ āpattiṃ ‘lahukā āpattī’ti dīpenti. Sāvasesaṃ āpattiṃ ‘anavasesā āpattī’ti dīpenti, anavasesaṃ āpattiṃ ‘sāvasesā āpattī’ti dīpenti. Duṭṭhullaṃ āpattiṃ ‘aduṭṭhullā āpattī’ti dīpenti, aduṭṭhullaṃ āpattiṃ ‘duṭṭhullā āpattī’ti dīpentī’’ti (cūḷava. 352) –</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ <a name="V0.0232"></a> <span class="bld">kammakkhandhake</span> vuttānaṃ aṭṭhārasannaṃ bhedakaraṇānaṃ vasena aṭṭhārasavidhaṃ. Kāraṇañhi tadāyattavuttitāya phalaṃ ettha vasatīti <span class="bld">‘‘vatthū’’</span>ti vuccati. Honti cettha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Dhammavinayabhāsitā-ciṇṇapaññattikā dukā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Āpattilahuduṭṭhulla-sāvasesadukāni ca.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Etānaṭṭhārasa ‘bheda-karavatthū’ti vuccare;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Vipallāsagahitāni, vādamūlūpanissayā’’ti.</p>
<p class="unindented"><span class="bld">Paggayhā</span>ti paggahitaṃ abbhussitaṃ pākaṭaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Tiṭṭheyyā</span>ti yathāsamādinnaṃ, yathāpaggahitameva ca katvā accheyya. Yasmā pana evaṃ paggaṇhatā, tiṭṭhatā ca taṃ dīpitañceva avinissaṭṭhañca hoti, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘dīpeyya ceva nappaṭinissajjeyya cā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Kīva dūre sutvā gantvā avadantānaṃ dukkaṭanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbantimena paricchedenā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Pi</span>-saddo cettha aṭṭhānappayutto, tassa ‘‘aḍḍhayojanamatta’’nti iminā sambandho veditabbo. Tattha <span class="bld">‘‘aḍḍhayojanamatta’’</span>nti iminā ekavihāre vattabbameva natthīti dīpeti. <span class="bld">‘‘Gantvā’’</span>ti iminā dūtaṃ vā paṇṇaṃ vā pesetvā vadatopi āpattimokkho natthi, sayameva pana gantvā ‘‘garuko kho, āvuso, saṅghabhedo, mā saṅghabhedāya parakkamī’’ti (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.411) nivāretabboti dīpeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samāgacchatū</span>ti ekībhavatu. Ekībhāvo ca samānaladdhivasena hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ekaladdhiko hotū’’</span>ti. Ekā laddhi gahaṇaṃ assāti <span class="bld">ekaladdhiko,</span> ekadiṭṭhikoti attho. <span class="bld">Aññamaññasampattiyā</span>ti aññamaññassa samānadiṭṭhicittatāsaṅkhātāya sampattiyā. ‘‘Aññamaññassa guṇalābhādikāya sampattiyā’’ti <a name="M0.0252"></a> keci. Asamaggo hi visuṃ pātimokkhaṃ uddisati, bahisīmāyaṃ vā anupariveṇiyaṃ vāti na ekuddeso. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ekato pavattapātimokkhuddesoti attho’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Appaṭinissajjato dukkaṭa</span>nti visuṃ visuṃ vadantānaṃ gaṇanāya dukkaṭaṃ. <span class="bld">Samanubhāsanakammaṃ kātabba</span>nti yāvatatiyaṃ samanubhāsanakammaṃ kātabbaṃ, ‘‘suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho, ayaṃ itthannāmo bhikkhu samaggassa saṅghassa bhedāya parakkamatī’’tiādinā (pārā. 413) padabhājane vuttāhi ñatticatutthāhi tīhi samanubhāsanakammavācāhi kammaṃ kātabbanti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">‘‘Bhedāya parakkameyyā’’</span>ti visuṃ vuttattā bhedanasaṃvattanikassa adhikaraṇassa samādāya paggaṇhanato pubbepi pakkhapariyesanādivasena saṅghabhedāya parakkamantassa samanubhāsanakammaṃ kātabbanti <a name="V0.0233"></a> veditabbaṃ. Paṭinissajjantassa anāpattibhāvato <span class="bld">‘‘sotthibhāvo tassa bhikkhuno’’</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kiñcāpi bhikkhunī saṅghaṃ na bhindati, apica kho bhedāya parakkamatīti <span class="bld">‘‘sādhāraṇapaññattī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Saṅghādisesaṃ ajjhāpajjantassa ñattiyā dukkaṭaṃ, dvīhi kammavācāhi thullaccayā ca paṭippassambhantīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘samanubhāsanakamme’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Tañca dukkaṭaṃ te ca thullaccayā paṭippassambhantī</span>ti yañca ñattipariyosāne dukkaṭaṃ āpanno, ye ca dvīhi kammavācāhi thullaccaye, tā tissopi āpattiyo liṅgaparivattena asādhāraṇāpattiyo viya paṭippassambhanti. Sace panassa ñattipariyosāne lajjidhammo okkamati, saṃvaro uppajjati, taṃ paṭinissajjati, ñattiyā dukkaṭaṃ desetvā muccati. Atha taṃ na paṭinissajjati, bhedāya parakkamati ceva bhedanasaṃvattanikaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ samādāya paggayha tiṭṭhati ca, ñattidukkaṭaṃ paṭippassambhati, paṭhamakammavācāya thullaccaye patiṭṭhāti. Esa nayo itarakammavācāyampi. Asamanubhāsiyamānassa appaṭinissajjantassāpi saṅghādisesena anāpatti. Paṭinissajjantassāpi ñattito pubbe vā ñattikkhaṇe vā ñattipariyosāne vā paṭhamāya vā anussāvanāya dutiyāya vā tatiyāya vā yāva <span class="bld">yya</span>-kāraṃ na sampāpuṇāti, tāva paṭinissajjantassa saṅghādisesena anāpatti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘asamanubhāsiyamānassa cā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha pana (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.416) ‘‘devadatto samaggassa saṅghassa bhedāya parakkami, tasmiṃ vatthusmi’’nti (pari. 17) parivāre āgatattā devadatto ādikammiko, so ca kho <a name="M0.0253"></a> saṅghabhedāya parakkamanasseva, na appaṭinissajjanassa. Na hi tassa taṃ kammaṃ kataṃ. Kathamidaṃ jānitabbanti ce? Suttato. Tathā hi ‘‘ariṭṭho bhikkhu gaddhabādhipubbo pāpikāya diṭṭhiyā yāvatatiyaṃ samanubhāsanāya na paṭinissajji, tasmiṃ vatthusmi’’nti parivāre āgatattā ariṭṭhassa kammaṃ katanti paññāyati, na tathā devadattassa. Athāpissa katena bhavitabbanti koci attano rucimattena vadeyya, tathāpi appaṭinissajjane ādikammikassa anāpatti nāma natthi. Na hi paññattaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ vītikkamantassa aññatra odissa anuññātato anāpatti nāma dissati. Yampi ariṭṭhasikkhāpadassa padabhājane anāpattiyaṃ ‘‘ādikammikassā’’ti potthakesu likhitaṃ, taṃ pamādalikhitaṃ, pamādalikhitabhāvo ca tassa ‘‘paṭhamaṃ ariṭṭho bhikkhu codetabbo, codetvā sāretabbo, sāretvā āpattiṃ āropetabbo’’ti (cūḷava. 65) evaṃ kammakkhandhake āpattiropanato veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idha <a name="V0.0234"></a> bhedāya parakkamane ādikammikassa devadattassa yasmā taṃ kammaṃ na kataṃ (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.416), tasmāssa āpattiyeva na jātā. Sikkhāpadaṃ pana taṃ ārabbha paññattanti katvā <span class="bld">‘‘ādikammiko’’</span>ti vutto. Iti āpattiyā abhāvatoyevassa anāpatti vuttā. Sā panesā kiñcāpi ‘‘asamanubhāsiyamānassā’’ti imināva siddhā. Yasmā pana asamanubhāsiyamāno nāma yassa kevalaṃ samanubhāsanaṃ na karonti, so vuccati, na ādikammiko. Ayañca devadatto ādikammikoyeva. Tasmā ‘‘ādikammikassā’’ti (pārā. 416) vuttaṃ. Eteneva upāyena ṭhapetvā ariṭṭhasikkhāpadaṃ sabbasamanubhāsanāsu vinicchayo veditabbo. Kāyavācācittato samuṭṭhānato <span class="bld">samanubhāsanasamuṭṭhānaṃ</span>. ‘‘Paṭinissajjāmī’’ti kāyavikāraṃ vā vacībhedaṃ vā akarontasseva pana āpajjanato <span class="bld">akiriyaṃ</span>. ‘‘Nappaṭinissajjāmī’’ti saññāya abhāvena muccanato <span class="bld">saññāvimokkhaṃ</span>. ‘‘Nappaṭinissajjāmī’’ti jānanacitteneva <span class="bld">sacittakaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="centered">Saṅghabhedasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">11. Bhedānuvattakasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tassevā</span>ti <a name="M0.0254"></a> bhedāya parakkamantasseva. <span class="bld">Kho</span>ti nipātamattaṃ. <span class="bld">Panā</span>ti visese nipāto. Yaṃ vacanaṃ samaggepi vagge avayavabhūte karoti bhindati, taṃ kalahakārakavacanaṃ idha ‘‘vagga’’nti vuccatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vaggaṃ asāmaggipakkhiyavacanaṃ vadantī’’</span>ti. Asāmaggipakkhe bhavā <span class="bld">asāmaggipakkhiyā,</span> kalahakārakā, tesaṃ vacanaṃ <span class="bld">asāmaggipakkhiyavacanaṃ,</span> asāmaggipakkhe vā bhavaṃ vacanaṃ <span class="bld">asāmaggipakkhiyavacanaṃ. ‘‘Na hi saṅgho saṅghassa kammaṃ karotī’’</span>ti idaṃ niggahavasena kattabbaṃ kammaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ, ubbāhikādikammaṃ pana bahūnampi kātuṃ vaṭṭatiyeva. <span class="bld">Dhammavādī</span>ti bhūtavādī. <span class="bld">Vinayavādī</span>ti vūpasamavādī. <span class="bld">Jānāti no</span>ti etthāpi ‘‘chandañca ruciñcā’’ti idaṃ ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘amhākaṃ chandādīni jānātī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Bhāsatī</span>ti ettha ‘‘no’’ti idaṃ vibhattivipariṇāmena yujjati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ karomāti amhehi saddhiṃ bhāsatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">‘‘Eta’’</span>nti iminā tassa kammaṃ paccāmaṭṭhanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ so karotī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">So</span>ti saṅghabhedāya parakkamanto. <span class="bld">Sametāyasmantāna</span>nti ettha ‘‘citta’’nti ajjhāharitabbanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘āyasmantānaṃ citta’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Vuttasadisāyevā</span>ti ettha yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ heṭṭhā aññabhāgiyasikkhāpadaṭṭhakathāya vaṇṇanāyaṃ (kaṅkhā. aṭṭha. aññabhāgiyasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā) vuttameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Bhedānuvattakasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">12. Dubbacasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dukkhena <a name="V0.0235"></a> vattabbo anusāsituṃ asakkuṇeyyo sabhāvo assāti <span class="bld">dubbacajātiko,</span> vilomabhāvī. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘dubbacasabhāvo’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Vattuṃ asakkuṇeyyo</span>ti kismiñci vuccamāne asahanato ovadituṃ asakkuṇeyyo. Uddisīyatīti <span class="bld">uddeso,</span> pātimokkho, tasmiṃ pariyāpannā antogadhā <span class="bld">uddesapariyāpannā,</span> tesu uddesapariyāpannesu. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘uddese’’</span>tiādi. Atha sabbāneva sikkhāpadāni kathaṃ pātimokkhuddesapariyāpannānīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yassa siyā āpatti, so ‘āvikareyyā’ti evaṃ saṅgahitattā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">‘‘Yassa siyā āpattī’’</span>ti iminā <a name="M0.0255"></a> sabbāpi āpattiyo nidānuddese saṅgahitā eva honti. <span class="bld">Sikkhāpadesū</span>ti adhisīlasikkhāya adhigamūpāyabhūtesu vinayapaññattīsūti attho. So pana pākaṭoyevāti aṭṭhakathāyaṃ na vutto. <span class="bld">Pañcahi sahadhammikehī</span>ti bhikkhubhikkhunisāmaṇerasāmaṇerisikkhamānāhi. <span class="bld">Sikkhitabbattā</span>ti labbhamānavasena sikkhitabbattā. Tathā hi tehi yathāsakaṃ sikkhā sikkhīyati, na sabbā. <span class="bld">Buddhapaññattenā</span>ti buddhena ṭhapitena, vihitenāti attho. Atha vā <span class="bld">sahadhammikena</span> sakāraṇena vuccamānoti evamettha attho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Vacanāyā</span>ti nissakke sampadānavacananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tato mama vacanato’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="centered">Dubbacasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">13. Kuladūsakasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nagarassāpi gāmavisesattā idha gāmaggahaṇeneva nagarampi gahitanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘nagarampi gāme antogadhamevā’’</span>ti, <span class="bld">vā</span>-saddena vā anuttavikappatthena gahaṇanti evaṃ vuttaṃ. Ettha ca apākāraparikkhepo sāpaṇo <span class="bld">nigamo,</span> sapākārāpaṇaṃ <span class="bld">nagaraṃ,</span> taṃtaṃviparīto <span class="bld">gāmo</span>ti imesaṃ tiṇṇaṃ viseso daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Kulāni dūsetī</span>ti khattiyabrāhmaṇavessasuddavasena cattāri kulāni vikāraṃ āpādeti. Dūsento ca na asucikaddamādīhi dūseti, atha kho attano duppaṭipattiyā tesaṃ pasādaṃ vināseti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘pupphadānādīhī’’</span>tiādi. Tattha haritvā vā harāpetvā vā pakkositvā vā pakkosāpetvā vā sayaṃ vā upagatānaṃ (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.436-437) yassa kassaci attano santakassa pupphassa kulasaṅgahatthāya dānaṃ <span class="bld">pupphadānaṃ,</span> taṃ ādi yesaṃ te <span class="bld">pupphadānādayo,</span> tehi pupphadānādīhi. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena (pārā. 437) phaladānacuṇṇamattikādantakaṭṭhaveḷuvejjikājaṅghapesanikānaṃ gahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Saddhaṃ vināsento</span>ti tathā akarontesu <a name="V0.0236"></a> aññesu pesalesu bhikkhūsu appasādaṃ adassanaṃ gamento. Pupphadānādīhi ca tehi katasaṅgahehi aññe pesale tathā akaronte te manussā issanti na allīyantīti so tesaṃ pasādaṃ vināseti nāmāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Pāpakā samācārā</span>ti buddhappaṭikuṭṭhattā lāmakā samācārā<a name="M0.0256"></a>. Te pana yasmā kulasaṅgahatthaṃ mālāvaccharopanādayo idha adhippetā, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘mālāvaccharopanādayo’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Ārāmādīnamatthāya pana kappiyavohārādīhi ropāpanādikaṃ vaṭṭati. Tattha <span class="bld">mālāvaccha</span>nti taruṇapuppharukkhaṃ. Taruṇakā hi puppharukkhāpi pupphagacchāpi ‘‘mālāvacchā’’tveva vuccanti, tassa ropanaṃ <span class="bld">mālāvaccharopanaṃ,</span> taṃ ādi yesaṃ te <span class="bld">mālāvaccharopanādayo. Ādi</span>saddena cettha ropāpanasiñcanasiñcāpanaocinanaocināpanaganthanaganthāpanānaṃ gahaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Mātikāyaṃ <span class="bld">dissantī</span>ti ye paccakkhato passanti, tehi dissanti. <span class="bld">Suyyantī</span>ti ye parato suṇanti, tehi sotadvārena sutvā upadhārīyanti. <span class="bld">Duṭṭhānī</span>ti dūsitāni. <span class="bld">Alaṃ te idha vāsenā</span>ti tava idha vāsena alaṃ, mā idha tava vāso hotūti attho. Vāraṇattho hi idha <span class="bld">alaṃ</span>-saddo. <span class="bld">Pabbājanīyakammakato</span>ti codetvā sāretvā āpattiṃ āropetvā ‘‘suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho, ime assajipunabbasukā’’tiādinā (pārā. 434) padabhājane vuttāya ñatticatutthakammavācāya katapabbājanīyakammo. <span class="bld">Yasmiñca vihāre vasatī</span>ti gāmato bahivihāramāha. <span class="bld">Neva tasmiṃ gāme…pe… carituṃ labhatī</span>ti sacepi gāmo vā nigamo vā dvādasayojanaparamo hoti, tiyojanaparamo ca vihāro hoti, neva tasmiṃ gāme vā nigame vā piṇḍāya carituṃ labhati, na vihāre vasituṃ. Tasmiṃ vihāre vasantena sāmantagāmepi piṇḍāya na caritabbaṃ, sāmantavihārepi vasantena tasmiṃ gāme piṇḍāya na caritabbaṃ. Sāmantavihāre vasantena pana sāmantagāme carituṃ vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Āpajjitabbā āpattiyo</span>ti kulasaṅgahatthaṃ attano santakadāne dukkaṭaṃ, issaravatāya saṅghasantakadāne thullaccayaṃ, pasayha dāne pārājikanti imā āpattiyo. Mātikāyaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pakkamatā yasmā’’</span>ti pabbājanīyakammakatassa vattavasena vuttaṃ. Ādimhi pana pabbājanīyakammavasena daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Assajipunabbasuke</span>ti assajiñceva punabbasukañca.</p>
<p class="centered">Kuladūsakasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Saṅghādisesanigamanavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭhamāpattikā</span>ti <a name="M0.0257"></a><a name="V0.0237"></a> avayavena viggaho samudāyo samāsatthoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘paṭhamaṃ āpatti etesanti paṭhamāpattikā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Vītikkamanakkhaṇeyevā</span>ti vatthuvītikkamanakkhaṇeyeva. <span class="bld">Eva</span>-kārena samanubhāsanakammakkhaṇaṃ paṭikkhipati. Ahassa yattako paricchedo <span class="bld">yāvatīhaṃ</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yattakāni ahānī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ahānī</span>ti ca divasānīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vatthuvasena vā</span>ti asucimocanādivītikkamamattavasena vā. <span class="bld">Ida</span>nti idaṃ vītikkamaṃ. <span class="bld">Nāmamattavasena vā ayaṃ itthannāmā āpattī</span>ti ‘‘ayaṃ saṅghādiseso nāma āpattī’’ti evaṃ vinā vatthuṃ nāmavasena vā. <span class="bld">Matta</span>saddena cettha vatthuṃ paṭikkhipati. Potthakesu pana katthaci ‘‘nāmagottavasena vā’’ti likhanti, taṃ na sundaraṃ ‘‘ayaṃ itthannāmā āpattī’’ti vuttattā. Idāni naṃ kassaci na ārocessāmīti sambandho. <span class="bld">Dhuraṃ nikkhipitvā</span>ti ārocane ussāhaṃ ṭhapetvā. Na kevalaṃ vatthunāmavaseneva āpattisaññī hutvā chādentasseva, atha kho yopi evaṃ ajānanto kevalaṃ ‘‘āpattiṃ chādemī’’ti āpattisaññāya chādeti, tassapi channā hotīti veditabbaṃ. Sace panettha anāpattisaññī vā hoti, aññāpattikkhandhasaññī vā vematiko vā hutvā ‘‘na dāni naṃ kassaci ārocessāmī’’ti evaṃ chādetukāmova dhuraṃ nikkhipitvā aruṇaṃ uṭṭhāpeti, acchannāva hotīti ānetvā yojetabbaṃ. Anāpatti pana āpattisaññāyapi anāpattisaññāyapi chādentena acchāditāva hoti. Lahukaṃ vā ‘‘garukā’’ti garukaṃ vā ‘‘lahukā’’ti chādeti, alajjipakkhe tiṭṭhati, āpatti pana acchannā hoti. Garukaṃ ‘‘lahukā’’ti maññamāno deseti, neva desitā hoti nacchannā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pakato sabhāvabhūto attā assāti <span class="bld">pakatatto,</span> na kammehi vikatattoti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘anukkhitto samānasaṃvāsako’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Vuttanayenevā</span>ti ‘‘na dāni naṃ kassaci ārocessāmī’’tiādinā vuttaneva nayena. Atha ‘‘mayhaṃ saṅghena kammaṃ kata’’nti (cūḷava. aṭṭha. 102) apakatattasaññī hutvā chādeti, acchannāva hoti. Apakatattena pana pakatattasaññinā vā pakatattena apakatattasaññinā vā chāditāpi acchannāva hoti. Vuttampi cetaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Āpajjati <a name="M0.0258"></a> garukaṃ sāvasesaṃ;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Chādeti anādariyaṃ paṭicca;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Na <a name="V0.0238"></a> bhikkhunī no ca phuseyya vajjaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Pañhāmesā kusalehi cintitā’’ti. (pari. 481);</p>
<p class="unindented">Ayañhi pañho ukkhittakena kathito.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dasasu antarāyesu yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ heṭṭhā vuttameva. Sace pana yo bhīrukajātikatāya andhakāre amanussacaṇḍamigabhayena antarāyikasaññī hutvā chādeti, acchannāva hoti. Yassapi pabbatavihāre vasantassa kandaraṃ vā nadiṃ vā atikkamitvā ārocetabbaṃ hoti, antarāmagge ca caṇḍavāḷaamanussādibhayaṃ atthi, magge ajagarā nipajjanti, nadī pūrā hoti, etasmiṃ satiyeva antarāye antarāyikasaññī hutvā chādeti, acchannāva hoti. Antarāyikassa pana antarāyikasaññāya vā anantarāyikasaññāya vā chādayato acchannāva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhikkhuno</span>ti sabhāgassa bhikkhuno. Sacassa mukhe appamattako gaṇḍo vā hoti, hanukavāto vā vijjhati, danto vā rujjati, bhikkhā vā mandā laddhā hoti, tāvatakena pana neva vattuṃ na sakkoti, na gantuṃ. Apica kho ‘‘na sakkomī’’ti saññī hoti, ayaṃ <span class="bld">pahu hutvā appahusaññī</span> nāma. Iminā chāditāpi acchāditā. Appahunā pana vattuṃ vā gantuṃ vā asamatthena pahusaññinā vā appahusaññinā vā chāditāpi acchāditāva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Idaṃ uttānamevā</span>ti idaṃ aṅgadvayaṃ uttānatthameva. Sace pana ‘‘chādessāmī’’ti dhuranikkhepaṃ katvā purebhatte vā pacchābhatte vā paṭhamayāmādīsu vā lajjidhammaṃ okkamati, antoaruṇeyeva āroceti, ayaṃ <span class="bld">chādetukāmo na chādeti</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yassa pana abhikkhuke ṭhāne vasantassa āpattiṃ āpajjitvā sabhāgassa bhikkhuno āgamanaṃ āgamentassa vā, sabhāgassa santikaṃ vā gacchantassa aḍḍhamāsopi māsopi atikkamati, ayaṃ <span class="bld">nacchādetukāmo chādeti</span> nāma. Ayampi acchannāva hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yo <a name="M0.0259"></a> pana āpannamattova aggiṃ akkantapuriso viya sahasā apakkamitvā sabhāgaṭṭhānaṃ gantvā āvi karoti, ayaṃ <span class="bld">nacchādetukāmova na chādeti</span> nāma. <span class="bld">Sabhāgamattameva pamāṇa</span>nti averisabhāgamattameva pamāṇaṃ. Averisabhāgassa hi santike ārocetabbaṃ. Yo pana visabhāgo hoti sutvā pakāsetukāmo, evarūpassa upajjhāyassapi santike na ārocetabbā. Tattha purebhattaṃ <a name="V0.0239"></a> āpattiṃ āpanno hotu, pacchābhattaṃ vā divā vā rattiṃ vā, yāva aruṇaṃ na uggacchati, tāva ārocetabbaṃ. Uddhaste aruṇe paṭicchannā hoti, paṭicchādanapaccayā ca dukkaṭaṃ āpajjati. <span class="bld">Saṅkhepato</span>ti samāsato. Vitthārato pana <span class="bld">samantapāsādikāyaṃ</span> vuttoti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Akāmā parivatthabba</span>nti appaṭikammakatāya āpattiyā saggamokkhāvaraṇabhāvato anicchantenāpi parivasitabbanti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘na kāmenā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Parivāsaṃ samādāyā</span>ti parivāsavattaṃ saṅghamajjhe samādiyitvā. Yadipi catubbidho parivāso appaṭicchannaparivāso, paṭicchannaparivāso, suddhantaparivāso, samodhānaparivāsoti, tathāpi appaṭicchannaparivāso idha na adhippetoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tattha paṭicchanna…pe… tividho parivāso’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti tasmiṃ vākye. Paṭicchannāya āpattiyā sati dātabbo parivāso paṭicchannavisayatāya <span class="bld">paṭicchannaparivāso</span>. Suddhantato paṭṭhāya dātabbo parivāso <span class="bld">suddhantaparivāso</span>. Samodahitvā dātabbo parivāso <span class="bld">samodhānaparivāso</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni te tividheyeva parivāse sarūpato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tatthā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Hī</span>ti yasmā. Ekāhaṃ paṭicchannā <span class="bld">ekāhappaṭicchannā</span>. <span class="bld">Vuttanayenā</span>ti ‘‘āpatti ca hotī’’tiādinā vuttena nayena. <span class="bld">Ekāhappaṭicchanna</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">iti</span>saddo ‘‘iti vā, iti evarūpā visūkadassanā paṭivirato’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 1.13, 197) viya ādiattho. Tena ‘‘sohaṃ, bhante, saṅghaṃ ekissā āpattiyā sañcetanikāya sukkavisaṭṭhiyā ekāhappaṭicchannāya ekāhaparivāsaṃ yācāmī’’ti imaṃ pāḷisesaṃ (cūḷava. 102) saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Evaṃ parivāsaṃ yācāpetvā</span>ti evaṃ yāvatatiyaṃ yācāpetvā. <span class="bld">Khandhake āgatanayenā</span>ti samuccayakkhandhake (cūḷava. 97 ādayo) āgatanayena. <span class="bld">Tato</span>ti pakkhato <a name="M0.0260"></a> paṭṭhāya. <span class="bld">Atirekapakkhappaṭicchanna</span>nti pakkhassa atireko <span class="bld">atirekapakkho,</span> taṃ paṭicchannanti attho. <span class="bld">Tato</span>ti tiṃsatimadivasato paṭṭhāya. <span class="bld">Māsappaṭicchanna</span>nti sattānaṃ āyuṃ minanto viya siyati antaṃ karotīti <span class="bld">māso,</span> tiṃsarattindivo, taṃ paṭicchannanti attho. <span class="bld">Saṃvacchare puṇṇe</span>ti taṃ taṃ sattaṃ, dhammappavattiñca saṅgamma vadanto viya sarati pavattatīti <span class="bld">saṃvaccharo,</span> dvādasa māsā, tasmiṃ paripuṇṇe.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vatthukittanavasena vā</span>ti nāmena saha vatthukittanavasena vāti attho. Teneva hi upari ‘‘nāmamattavasena vā’’ti mattaggahaṇaṃ katanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Nāmamattavasenā</span>ti vatthukittanaṃ vinā kevalaṃ nāmasseva vasena. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā duvidhe nāme ‘‘āpattī’’ti sabbasādhāraṇaṃ nāmaṃ, tasmā<a name="V0.0240"></a>. <span class="bld">Sukkavissaṭṭhī</span>ti sukkavissaṭṭhi nāmāyaṃ. <span class="bld">Iti</span>saddo hettha vacanīyatthaṃ nidasseti. Nidassanamattañcetaṃ ‘‘sukkavissaṭṭhī’’ti kāyasaṃsaggādīnampi vatthuādibhāvena icchitabbattā. <span class="bld">Vatthu ceva gottañcā</span>ti vītikkamattā vatthu ceva anaññasādhāraṇattā gottañca. Gaṃ tāyatīti <span class="bld">gottaṃ,</span> sajātito aññattha kāyasaṃsaggādīsu gantuṃ adatvā buddhiṃ, vacanañca rakkhatīti attho. <span class="bld">Saṅghādiseso</span>ti saṅghādiseso nāmāyaṃ. Ettha pana <span class="bld">iti</span>saddo vacanavacanīyasamudāyaṃ nidasseti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘nāmañceva āpatti cā’’</span>ti, sajātisādhāraṇanāmattā <span class="bld">nāmañceva</span> tena tena vītikkamenāpajjitabbattā <span class="bld">āpatti cā</span>ti attho. Idampi nidassanamattameva ‘‘āpattiyo’’ti imassāpi nāmādibhāvena icchitabbattā. <span class="bld">Iti</span>saddo vā ādiattho. Evañca katvā <span class="bld">‘‘kāyasaṃsaggantiādivacanenāpī’’</span>tiādikampi samatthitaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tayidaṃ kammavācāya kena vacanena gahitanti anuyogaṃ sandhāya <span class="bld">‘‘tatthā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">‘‘Āpattī’’</span>ti sabbasādhāraṇanāmattā, vītikkamena āpajjitabbattā ca nāmañceva āpatti ca hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘āpattiyoti vacanenāpī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā idaṃ parivāsādivinayakammaṃ vatthuvasena, gottavasena, nāmavasena, āpattivasena ca kātuṃ vaṭṭatiyeva, tasmā. <span class="bld">Etesū</span>ti vatthuādīsu, sukkavissaṭṭhiādīsu vā. <span class="bld">Vattaṃ samādātabba</span>nti yathāvuttesu dvīsu padesu ekenapi samādātabbaṃ. Dvīhi pana susamādinnaṃyeva. Teneva vakkhati ‘‘samādānepi eseva nayo’’ti (kaṅkhā. aṭṭha. nidānavaṇṇanā).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ārocetvā</span>ti <a name="M0.0261"></a> –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Ahaṃ, bhante, ekaṃ āpattiṃ āpajjiṃ sañcetanikaṃ sukkavissaṭṭhiṃ ekāhappaṭicchannaṃ, sohaṃ saṅghaṃ ekissā āpattiyā sañcetanikāya sukkavissaṭṭhiyā ekāhappaṭicchannāya ekāhaparivāsaṃ yāciṃ, tassa me saṅgho ekissā āpattiyā sañcetanikāya sukkavissaṭṭhiyā ekāhappaṭicchannāya ekāhaparivāsaṃ adāsi, sohaṃ parivasāmi, vedayāmahaṃ, bhante, ‘vedayatī’ti maṃ saṅgho dhāretū’’ti (cūḷava. aṭṭha. 102) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Evamādinā taṃ taṃ yojanānurūpaṃ ārocetvā. Imañca panatthaṃ gahetvā yāya kāyaci bhāsāya ārocetuṃ vaṭṭatiyeva (cūḷava. aṭṭha. 102). <span class="bld">‘‘Puna āgatāgatānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ ārocentenā’’</span>ti idaṃ āgantukaṃ bhikkhuṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Ettha ca ekassa ārocentena avasāne <a name="V0.0241"></a> ‘‘vedayatīti maṃ āyasmā dhāretu’’, dvinnaṃ ‘‘āyasmantā dhārentu’’, tiṇṇaṃ ‘‘āyasmanto dhārentū’’ti vattabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Vattabhedañca ratticchedañca akatvā</span>ti ‘‘na, bhikkhave, pārivāsikena bhikkhunā sāditabbaṃ pakatattānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ abhivādanaṃ paccupaṭṭhāna’’ntiādinā (cūḷava. 75) pārivāsikakkhandhake yāni catunavuti vattāni vuttāni, tesaṃ bhedañca, yo ca ‘‘tayo kho, upāli, pārivāsikassa bhikkhuno ratticchedā sahavāso vippavāso anārocanā’’ti (cūḷava. 83) ratticchedo vutto, tañca akatvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ayaṃ hettha vinicchayo – sace (cūḷava. aṭṭha. 76) āgantukā muhuttaṃ vissamitvā vā avissamitvā eva vā vihāramajjhena gacchanti, tesampi ārocetabbaṃ. Sace tassa ajānantasseva gacchanti, ayañca gatakāle jānāti, gantvā ārocetabbaṃ. Sampāpuṇituṃ asakkontassa ratticchedova hoti, na vattabhedadukkaṭaṃ. Yepi antovihāraṃ appavisitvā upacārasīmaṃ okkamitvā gacchanti, ayañca nesaṃ chattasaddaṃ vā ukkāsitasaddaṃ vā khipitasaddaṃ vā sutvāva āgantukabhāvaṃ jānāti, gantvā ārocetabbaṃ. Gatakāle jānantenāpi anubandhitvā ārocetabbameva. Sampāpuṇituṃ asakkontassa ratticchedova hoti, na vattabhedadukkaṭaṃ. Yopi rattiṃyeva āgantvā rattiṃyeva gacchati, sopissa ratticchedaṃ karoti. Aññātattā <a name="M0.0262"></a> pana vattabhedadukkaṭaṃ natthi. Sace ajānitvāva abbhānaṃ karoti, akatameva hotīti <span class="bld">kurundiyaṃ</span> (cūḷava. aṭṭha. 76) vuttaṃ. Tasmā adhikā rattiyo gahetvā kātabbaṃ. Ayaṃ apaṇṇakappaṭipadā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nadiādīsu nāvāya gacchantampi paratīre ṭhitampi ākāse gacchantampi pabbatatalaaraññādīsu dūre ṭhitampi bhikkhuṃ disvā sace ‘‘bhikkhū’’ti vavatthānaṃ atthi, nāvādīhi vā gantvā, mahāsaddaṃ katvā vā vegena anubandhitvā vā ārocetabbaṃ, anārocentassa ratticchedo ceva vattabhedadukkaṭañca. Sace vāyamantopi sampāpuṇituṃ vā sāvetuṃ vā na sakkoti, ratticchedova hoti, na vattabhedadukkaṭaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aññaṃ kañci vihāraṃ gatenapi bhikkhūnaṃ ārocetabbameva (cūḷava. aṭṭha. 76). Sace sabbe ekaṭṭhāne ṭhite passati, ekaṭṭhāne ṭhiteneva ārocetabbaṃ. Atha rukkhamūlādīsu visuṃ visuṃ ṭhitā honti, tattha tattha gantvā ārocetabbaṃ. Sañcicca anārocentassa ratticchedo ca hoti, vattabhede ca dukkaṭaṃ. Atha vicinanto ekacce na passati, ratticchedova hoti<a name="V0.0242"></a>, na ca vattabhedadukkaṭaṃ. Sañcicca anārocentassa pana ratticchedo ceva hoti, vattabhede ca dukkaṭaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tatthevā</span>ti māḷakasīmāyameva. Māḷakato pana bhikkhūsu nikkhantesu ekassapi santike nikkhipituṃ vaṭṭati (cūḷava. aṭṭha. 97). Māḷakato nikkhamitvā satiṃ paṭilabhantena saha gacchantassa santike nikkhipitabbaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ekapuggalassa vā santike’’</span>ti. Sace sopi pakkanto, aññassa yassa māḷake nārocitaṃ, tassa ārocetvā nikkhipitabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Pakatattaṭṭhāne</span>ti saṅghakammānaṃ arahaṭṭhāne. <span class="bld">Dve leḍḍupāte atikkamitvā</span>ti (sārattha. ṭī. cūḷavagga 3.97) bhikkhūnaṃ sajjhāyanasaddasavanūpacāravijahanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Mahāmaggato okkammā</span>ti maggappaṭipannabhikkhūnaṃ upacāravijahanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Gumbena vā vatiyā vā paṭicchannaṭṭhāne</span>ti dassanūpacāravijahanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Vattaṃ samādiyitvā ārocetabba</span>nti vuttanayeneva vattaṃ samādiyitvā parivāso ārocetabbo. <span class="bld">‘‘Ārocetabba’’</span>nti pana sāmaññena vuttaṃ. Ārocentena ca sace navakataro hoti, ‘‘āvuso’’ti vattabbaṃ. Sace vuḍḍhataro, ‘‘bhante’’ti vattabbaṃ. Sace añño koci bhikkhu kenacideva karaṇīyena taṃ ṭhānaṃ āgacchati. Sace <a name="M0.0263"></a> esa naṃ passati, saddaṃ vā tassa suṇāti, ārocetabbaṃ. Anārocentassa ratticchedo ceva vattabhedo ca. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yampi aññaṃ bhikkhuṃ passati, tassāpi ārocetabbamevā’’</span>ti. Atha dvādasahatthaṃ upacāraṃ okkamitvā ajānantasseva gacchati, ratticchedo hotiyeva, vattabhedo pana natthi. <span class="bld">Uṭṭhite</span>ti uggate. <span class="bld">Yaṃ sabbapaṭhamaṃ bhikkhu</span>nti vihārato nikkhamantaṃ vā āgantukaṃ vā sabbapaṭhamaṃ yaṃ aññaṃ bhikkhuṃ passati. <span class="bld">Tassa ārocetvā nikkhipitabba</span>nti anārocentassa dukkaṭaṃ siyā, taṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ, na tu ratticchedaṃ sandhāya. Itarathā hi ‘‘vihārasīmāpariyāpannānaṃ sabbesaṃ ārocetvā’’ti vadeyya. <span class="bld">Yāva rattiyo pūrentī</span>ti yattakā rattiyo āpatti paṭicchannā hoti, tattakā rattiyo yāva pūrenti, tāva parivatthabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Samantapāsādikāyaṃ</span> pana ‘‘evaṃ yattakāni divasāni āpatti paṭicchannā hoti, tattakāni, tato adhikatarāni vā kukkuccavinodanatthāya parivasitvā’’ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Vitthāro</span>ti papañco.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Itaresu pana dvīsū</span>ti suddhantaparivāso, samodhānaparivāsoti dvinnaṃ majjhe. <span class="bld">Khandhake</span>ti samuccayakkhandhake (cūḷava. 156 ādayo). <span class="bld">Cūḷasuddhanto mahāsuddhanto</span>ti ettha yo upasampadato (cūḷava. aṭṭha. 102; vi. saṅga. aṭṭha. 242) paṭṭhāya anulomakkamena vā ārocitadivasato paṭṭhāya paṭilomakkamena vā ‘‘asukañca asukañca divasaṃ vā pakkhaṃ vā māsaṃ vā saṃvaccharaṃ vā tava suddhabhāvaṃ jānāsī’’ti pucchiyamāno ‘‘āma, bhante, jānāmi<a name="V0.0243"></a>, ettakaṃ nāma kālaṃ ahaṃ suddho’’ti vadati, tassa dinno suddhantaparivāso <span class="bld">‘‘cūḷasuddhanto’’</span>ti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Taṃ gahetvā parivasantena yattakaṃ kālaṃ attano suddhabhāvaṃ jānāti, tattakaṃ apanetvā avasesaṃ māsaṃ vā dvemāsaṃ vā parivasitabbaṃ. Sace ‘‘māsamattaṃ asuddhomhī’’ti sallakkhetvā parivāsaṃ aggahesi, parivasanto ca puna aññaṃ māsaṃ sarati, tampi māsaṃ parivasitabbameva, puna parivāsadānakiccaṃ natthi. Atha ‘‘dvemāsaṃ asuddhomhī’’ti sallakkhetvā aggahesi, parivasanto ca ‘‘māsamattamevāhaṃ asuddhomhī’’ti sanniṭṭhānaṃ karoti, māsameva parivasitabbaṃ, puna parivāsadānakiccaṃ natthi. Ayañhi suddhantaparivāso uddhampi ārohati, heṭṭhāpi orohati, idamassa lakkhaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yo <a name="M0.0264"></a> pana yathāvuttena anulomappaṭilomavasena pucchiyamānopi rattipariyantaṃ (cūḷava. aṭṭha. 102) na jānāti nassarati, rattipariyante vematiko vā hoti, tassa dinno suddhantaparivāso <span class="bld">‘‘mahāsuddhanto’’</span>ti vuccati. Taṃ gahetvā gahitadivasato yāva upasampadadivaso, tāva rattiyo gaṇetvā parivasitabbaṃ. Ayaṃ uddhaṃ nārohati, heṭṭhā pana orohati. Tasmā sace parivasanto rattiparicchede sanniṭṭhānaṃ karoti ‘‘māso vā saṃvaccharo vā mayhaṃ āpannassā’’ti, māsaṃ vā saṃvaccharaṃ vā parivasitabbaṃ. Ettha ca kiñcāpi ‘‘ettakaṃ kālaṃ ahaṃ suddho’’ti vadantassa cūḷasuddhanto dīyati, tathāpi niyameneva jānanābhāvā <span class="bld">‘‘duvidhopi cesa…pe… dātabbo’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Tassa dānavidhi khandhake āgato</span>ti tassa duvidhassāpi suddhantassa dānavidhi ‘‘tena, bhikkhave, bhikkhunā saṅghaṃ upasaṅkamitvā…pe… evamassa vacanīyo’’tiādinā samuccayakkhandhake (cūḷava. 156) āgato. Tasmā tattha vuttanayeneva veditabboti adhippāyo. Esa nayo <span class="bld">vinicchayakathā pana vitthārato samantapāsādikāyaṃ vuttā</span>ti etthāpi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Odhunitvā avadhuya pahāya samodhāno <span class="bld">odhānasamodhāno</span>. Cirappaṭicchannānaṃ agghena samodhāno <span class="bld">agghasamodhāno</span>. Missakānaṃ samodhāno <span class="bld">missakasamodhāno</span>. Idāni taṃ tividhampi samodhānaparivāsaṃ saṅkhepato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tatthā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Antarāpattiṃ āpajjitvā paṭicchādentassā</span>ti yo parivāsaṃ gahetvā anikkhittavatto hutvā parivasanto apariniṭṭhiteyeva parivāse antarā vemajjhe saṅghādisesāpattiṃ āpajjitvā paṭicchādeti, tassa. <span class="bld">Parivutthadivase</span>ti lakkhaṇavacanametaṃ, tena ‘‘mānattaciṇṇadivase cā’’tipi vuttameva hoti. <span class="bld">Makkhetvā</span>ti ñatticatutthena <a name="V0.0244"></a> kammena mūlāya paṭikassanavasena makkhetvā. <span class="bld">Samodahitvā</span>ti mūlāpattiṭṭhāne ṭhapetvā, pakkhipitvāti attho. <span class="bld">Dātabbaparivāso</span>ti ‘‘suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho’’tiādinā ñatticatutthena kammena dātabbaparivāso. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – yo paṭicchannāya āpattiyā parivāsaṃ gahetvā parivasanto (cūḷava. aṭṭha. 102; vi. saṅga. aṭṭha. 243) vā mānattāraho vā mānattaṃ caranto vā abbhānāraho vā anikkhittavatto aññaṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitvā purimāpattiyā samā vā ūnatarā vā rattiyo <a name="M0.0265"></a> paṭicchādeti, tassa mūlāya paṭikassanena te parivutthadivase ca mānattaciṇṇadivase ca sabbe odhunitvā adivase katvā pacchā āpannāpattiṃ mūlāpattiyaṃ samodhāya parivāso dātabboti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sace pana antarāpatti mūlāpattito atirekappaṭicchannā hoti (cūḷava. aṭṭha. 102), taṃ mūlāpattiṃ katvā tattha itaraṃ samodhāya parivāso dātabbo. Sace pana antarāpatti appaṭicchannā hoti, mūlāya paṭikassanaṃ akatvā pubbe gahitaparivāseneva parivasitabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yā ekā vā…pe… sabbacirappaṭicchannāyo</span>ti yā ekā vā āpatti sabbacirappaṭicchannā, yā dve vā tisso vā sambahulā vā āpattiyo sabbacirappaṭicchannāyoti attho. <span class="bld">Tāsa</span>nti sabbacirappaṭicchannānaṃ āpattīnaṃ. Dānavidhi panassa khandhake vuttanayeneva veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yassa pana sataṃ āpattiyo dasāhapaṭicchannā, aparampi sataṃ āpattiyo dasāhapaṭicchannā, aparampi sataṃ āpattiyo dasāhapaṭicchannāti evaṃ dasakkhattuṃ katvā āpattisahassaṃ divasasatapaṭicchannaṃ hoti, tena kiṃ kātabbanti? Sabbaṃ samodahitvā dasa divase parivasitabbaṃ. Evaṃ ekeneva dasāhena divasasatampi parivasitameva hoti. Vuttampi cetaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Dasasataṃ rattisataṃ, āpattiyo chādayitvāna;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Dasa rattiyo vasitvāna, mucceyya pārivāsiko’’ti. (pari. 477);</p>
<p class="unindented">Ayaṃ <span class="bld">agghasamodhāno</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni <a name="V0.0245"></a> missakasamodhānaṃ niddisituṃ <span class="bld">‘‘missakasamodhāno nāmā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tatrāyaṃ nayo –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Ahaṃ, bhante, sambahulā saṅghādisesā āpattiyo āpajjiṃ ekaṃ sukkavissaṭṭhiṃ, ekaṃ kāyasaṃsaggaṃ, ekaṃ duṭṭhullavācaṃ, ekaṃ attakāmaṃ, ekaṃ sañcarittaṃ, ekaṃ kuṭikārakaṃ, ekaṃ vihārakārakaṃ, ekaṃ duṭṭhadosaṃ, ekaṃ aññabhāgiyaṃ, ekaṃ saṅghabhedaṃ, ekaṃ bhedānuvattakaṃ, ekaṃ dubbacaṃ, ekaṃ kuladūsakaṃ, sohaṃ, bhante, saṅghaṃ tāsaṃ āpattīnaṃ samodhānaparivāsaṃ yācāmī’’ti –</p>
<p class="unindented">Tikkhattuṃ <a name="M0.0266"></a> yācāpetvā tadanurūpāya kammavācāya parivāso dātabbo. Ettha ca ‘‘saṅghādisesā āpattiyo āpajjiṃ nānāvatthukāyo’’tipi ‘‘saṅghādisesā āpattiyo āpajji’’ntipi evaṃ pubbe vuttanayena vatthuvasenapi gottavasenapi nāmavasenapi āpattivasenapi yojetvā kammavācaṃ kātuṃ vaṭṭhatiyevāti. Ayaṃ <span class="bld">missakasamodhāno</span>. Sabbaparivāsakammavācāvasāne pana nikkhittānikkhittavattādikathā purimanayeneva veditabbā. Tividhepi samodhānaparivāse atthamattasseva vuttattā, vinicchayādīnaṃ vā anāmaṭṭhattā <span class="bld">‘‘ayaṃ tividhepi samodhānaparivāse saṅkhepakathā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Mahāvisayattā samodhānavicāraṇāya sā niravasesā kuto laddhabbāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vitthāro’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Chāratta</span>nti <span class="bld">rā</span> saddo tīyati chijjati etthāti <span class="bld">ratti,</span> sattānaṃ saddassa vūpasamanakāloti attho, cha rattiyo samāhaṭā, channaṃ rattīnaṃ vā samāhāro charattaṃ, charattameva <span class="bld">chārattaṃ,</span> avayavabyatirekena samudāyassābhāvato cha rattiyoti attho vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Parivāsaṃ adatvā mānattameva dātabba</span>nti yasmā āpatti appaṭicchannā, yasmā ca āpannabhāveneva mānattāraho hoti, tasmā parivāsaṃ adatvā kevalaṃ mānattameva dātabbaṃ. Yaṃ paṭicchannāya āpattiyā parivutthaparivāsassa dīyati, idaṃ paṭicchannamānattaṃ nāmāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yassa paṭicchannā hotī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Ida</span>nti paṭicchannamānattaṃ. <span class="bld">Idhā</span>ti imasmiṃ vākye. Kathaṃ pana tesaṃ dvinnaṃ mānattānaṃ dānavidhi ca vinicchayakathā ca veditabbāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ubhinnampi panā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aya</span>nti vakkhamānaṃ sandhāyāha. <span class="bld">Parivāse vuttappakāraṃ padesa</span>nti parikkhittassa vihārassa parikkhepato<a name="V0.0246"></a>, aparikkhittassa parikkhepārahaṭṭhānato dve leḍḍupāte atikkamitvā mahāmaggato okkamma gumbena vā vatiyā vā paṭicchannaṭṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Samādiyitvā</span>ti antoaruṇeyeva samādiyitvā. <span class="bld">Ārocetvā</span>ti –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Ahaṃ, bhante, ekaṃ āpattiṃ āpajjiṃ sañcetanikaṃ sukkavissaṭṭhiṃ appaṭicchannaṃ, sohaṃ, bhante, saṅghaṃ ekissā āpattiyā sañcetanikāya sukkavissaṭṭhiyā appaṭicchannāya chārattaṃ mānattaṃ yāciṃ<a name="M0.0267"></a>, tassa me saṅgho ekissā āpattiyā sañcetanikāya sukkavissaṭṭhiyā appaṭicchannāya chārattaṃ mānattaṃ adāsi, sohaṃ mānattaṃ carāmi, vedayāmahaṃ, bhante, vedayatī’ti maṃ saṅgho dhāretū’’tiādinā (cūḷava. aṭṭha. 97) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Āpattidivasānurūpaṃ ārocetvā. Imañca pana atthaṃ gahetvā (cūḷava. aṭṭha. 97) yāya kāyaci bhāsāya ārocetuṃ vaṭṭatiyeva. Ārocitakālato paṭṭhāya ca ekaṃ bhikkhuṃ ṭhapetvā sesehi sati karaṇīye gantumpi vaṭṭati. Aruṇe uṭṭhite tassa bhikkhussa santike vattaṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ. Sace sopi kenaci kammena pure aruṇeyeva gacchati, aññaṃ vihārato nikkhantaṃ vā āgantukaṃ vā yaṃ paṭhamaṃ passati, tassa santike ārocetvā nikkhipitabbaṃ. Ayañca yasmā gaṇassa ārocetvā, bhikkhūnañca atthibhāvaṃ sallakkhetvāva vasi, tenassa ūne gaṇe caraṇadoso vā vippavāso vā na hoti. Sace pana kañci na passati, vihāraṃ gantvā yaṃ paṭhamaṃ passati, tassa ārocetvā nikkhipitabbaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tato tesu gatesu vā agatesu vā purimanayena paṭipajjitabba’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yattha siyā</span>ti yassaṃ samānasaṃvāsakasīmāyaṃ <span class="bld">vīsatigaṇo bhikkhusaṅgho</span> atthi. <span class="bld">Avhātabbo</span>ti abbhānakammavasena pakkositabbo. Abbhānakammaṃ pana kathanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘abbhānakammaṃ panā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Pāḷivasenā</span>ti ‘‘suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho’’tiādinā (cūḷava. 101) pāḷivasena. <span class="bld">Vinicchayavasenā</span>ti ‘‘abbhantehi ca paṭhamaṃ abbhānāraho kātabbo. Ayañhi nikkhittavattattā pakatattaṭṭhāne ṭhito, pakatattassa ca abbhānaṃ kātuṃ na vaṭṭati, tasmā vattaṃ samādapetabbo. Vatte samādinne abbhānāraho hoti. Tenāpi vattaṃ samādiyitvā ārocetvā abbhānaṃ yācitabbaṃ. Anikkhittavattassa pana vattasamānakiccaṃ natthi. So hi chārattātikkameneva abbhānāraho hotī’’tiādinā (cūḷava. aṭṭha. 97) vinicchayavasena. Taṃ panetaṃ sabbaṃ parivāsādikammaṃ pāḷivasena (cūḷava. 75) ca aṭṭhakathāvasena (cūḷava. aṭṭha. 75, 97) ca <a name="V0.0247"></a> suviññeyyattā ativitthārabhayena na vitthārayimha, atthikehi pana tatova gahetabbaṃ. Imassa <a name="M0.0268"></a> pana kammassa vīsativaggakaraṇīyattā tato ūnatarena kataṃ kuppati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ekenāpi ce…pe… anabbhito’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Aya</span>nti ayaṃ yathāvuttā. <span class="bld">Sāmīcī</span>ti vattaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti kaṅkhāvitaraṇiyā pātimokkhavaṇṇanāya</p>
<p class="centered">Vinayatthamañjūsāyaṃ līnatthappakāsaniyaṃ</p>
<p class="centered">Saṅghādisesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter">Aniyatakaṇḍaṃ</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Paṭhamaaniyatasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Mātugāmenā’’ti <a name="M0.0269"></a><a name="V0.0248"></a> vatvā puna ‘‘ekāyā’’ti vuttattā <span class="bld">‘‘mātugāmasaṅkhātāya ekāya itthiyā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Raho</span>ti appakāsaṃ. Appakāsatā ca yo anāpattiṃ karoti, tassa apaccakkhabhāvatoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘cakkhussa raho’’</span>ti. Nanu ‘‘raho nāma cakkhussa raho, sotassa raho. Cakkhussa raho nāma na sakkā hoti akkhiṃ vā nikhaṇiyamāne, bhamukaṃ vā ukkhipiyamāne, sīsaṃ vā ukkhipiyamāne passituṃ. Sotassa raho nāma na sakkā hoti pakatikathā sotu’’nti padabhājanapāḷiyaṃ sotassa rahoti āgataṃ, atha kasmā taṃ avatvā ‘‘cakkhussa raho’’ti ettakameva vuttanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kiñcāpī’’</span>tiādi. Iminā pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘sotassa raho’’ti idaṃ atthuddhāravasena vuttanti dasseti. Atha kathametaṃ viññāyati ‘‘cakkhusseva raho idha adhippeto’’ti? ‘‘Paṭicchanne āsane’’ti vacanato ‘‘sakkā hoti methunaṃ dhammaṃ paṭisevitu’’nti (pārā. 445) ca vuttattā. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘sacepī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">‘‘Pihitakavāṭassā’’</span>ti (sārattha. ṭī. 2.444-445) iminā paṭicchannabhāvato cakkhussa rahosabbhāvaṃ dasseti. Apihitakavāṭassa (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.444-445) pana dvāre nisinno anāpattiṃ karoti, na kevalaṃ apihitakavāṭassa gabbhassa dvāre nisinnova anāpattiṃ karoti, antodvādasahatthe okāse nisinnopīti veditabbo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yattha pana sakkā daṭṭhu’’</span>ntiādi. Yasmā nisīditvā niddāyanto kapimiddhapareto kañci kālaṃ cakkhūni ummīleti, kañci kālaṃ nimīleti, na ca mahāniddaṃ okkamati, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘niddāyantopi anāpattiṃ karotī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Nipajjitvā niddāyanto pana tādiso na hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘nipajjitvā niddāyantopi na karotī’’</span>ti, anāpattiṃ na karotīti attho. Methunassa mātugāmo dutiyo na hoti. Itthiyo hi aññamaññissā vajjaṃ paṭicchādenti. Teneva vesāliyaṃ (pārā. 76-77) mahāvane dvāraṃ vivaritvā nipanne bhikkhumhi sambahulā itthiyo yāvadatthaṃ <a name="V0.0249"></a> katvā pakkamiṃsu. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘itthīnaṃ pana satampi na karotī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Taṃ kamma</span>nti ajjhācārakammaṃ. Yasmā nisīditvāva nipajjati, tasmā <a name="M0.0270"></a> nipajjanampi antokatvā ‘‘nisajjaṃ kappeyyā’’ti vuttanti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ettha cā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Tiṇṇaṃ dhammānaṃ aññatarena kāretabbo</span>ti nisajjaṃ paṭijānamānassa tiṇṇaṃ dhammānaṃ aññatarasamāyogo hotiyevāti vuttaṃ. Pārājikena, pana saṅghādisesena ca pācittiyena ca tenākārena nisajjaṃ paṭijānamānova kāretabbo. <span class="bld">Na appaṭijānamāno</span>ti nisajjaṃ appaṭijānamāno tiṇṇaṃ dhammānaṃ aññatarena na kāretabboti. Alajjīpi hi paṭijānamānova āpattiyā kāretabbo. Yāva na paṭijānāti, tāva ‘‘neva suddho’’ti vā ‘‘na asuddho’’ti vā vattabbo, vattānusandhinā pana kāretabboti. Vuttañhetaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Paṭiññā lajjīsu katā, alajjīsu evaṃ na vijjati;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Bahumpi alajjī bhāseyya, vattānusandhitena kāraye’’ti. (pari. 359);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Na kevalaṃ tiṇṇaṃ dhammānaṃ aññatarena codanāyameva evaṃ paṭiññāya kāretabbo, atha kho nisajjādinā ākārena saddhiṃ codanāyapīti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yena vā sā saddheyyavacasā upāsikā vadeyya, tena so bhikkhu kāretabbo’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘nisajjādīsu ākāresū’’</span>tiādi. Ettha ca ‘‘paṭijānamāno’’ti avuttepi adhikārattā <span class="bld">‘‘paṭijānamānova tena so bhikkhu kāretabbo’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Tathārūpāya (sārattha. ṭī. 2.444-445) upāsikāya vacane aññathattābhāvato <span class="bld">diṭṭhaṃ nāma tathāpi hoti, aññathāpi hotī</span>ti dassane aññathattasambhavaṃ dasseti. Anekaṃsikatāya na niyatoti <span class="bld">aniyato</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tiṇṇaṃ āpattīna’’</span>ntiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Rahonisajjassādena mātugāmassa santikaṃ gantukāmo akkhiṃ añjeti, dukkaṭaṃ. Nivāsanaṃ nivāseti, kāyabandhanaṃ bandhati, cīvaraṃ pārupati, sabbattha payoge payoge dukkaṭaṃ. Gacchati, padavāre padavāre dukkaṭaṃ. Gantvāna nisīdati, dukkaṭameva. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘methunadhammasannissitakilesasaṅkhātenā’’</span>tiādi. Ettha ca rahonisajjassādassa asatipi methunarāgabhāve tappaṭibaddhakilesattā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘methunadhammasannissitakilesasaṅkhātenā’’</span>ti. Teneva <span class="bld">sannissita</span>ggahaṇaṃ kataṃ. <span class="bld">Rahassādenā</span>ti ‘‘itthannāmāya saddhiṃ raho nisīditvā hasitalapitādikaṃ kareyya’’nti uppannaassādahetu<a name="M0.0271"></a>. <span class="bld">Nisajjāya pācittiyaṃ</span> asati upacāragate nipajjitvā aniddāyante anandhe viññupuriseti adhippāyo. Sace sā itthī kenaci karaṇīyena uṭṭhāyuṭṭhāya punappunaṃ <a name="V0.0250"></a> nisīdati, nisajjāya nisajjāya pācittiyaṃ. Yaṃ sandhāya gato, sā na diṭṭhā, aññā āgantvā nisīdati, assāde uppanne pācittiyaṃ. Sace sambahulā āgacchanti, mātugāmagaṇanāya pācittiyaṃ. Sace uṭṭhāyuṭṭhāya punappunaṃ nisīdanti, nisajjāgaṇanāyapi pācittiyāni. Aniyametvā ‘‘diṭṭhadiṭṭhāya saddhiṃ rahassādaṃ kappissāmī’’ti gantvā nisinnassāpi āgatāgatānaṃ vasena, punappunaṃ nisajjāya vasena ca vuttanayeneva āpattiyo veditabbā. <span class="bld">Vuttappakāre purise</span>ti anandhe viññupurise. <span class="bld">Upacāragate satī</span>ti dvādasahatthabbhantaragate sati. Sace suddhacittena gantvā nisinnassa santikaṃ āgantvā nisinnāya itthiyā rahassādo uppajjati, evampi anāpatti.</p>
<p class="centered">Paṭhamaaniyatasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">2. Dutiyaaniyatasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Naheva kho pana paṭicchanna</span>nti ettha pana yampi bahi parikkhittaṃ anto vivaṭaṃ pariveṇaṅgaṇādi, tampi antogadhanti veditabbaṃ. ‘‘Evarūpañhi ṭhānaṃ appaṭicchanneyeva gahita’’nti <span class="bld">mahāpaccariyaṃ</span> (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.453) vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṅghādisesena vā</span>ti kāyasaṃsaggaduṭṭhullobhāsanasaṅkhātena saṅghādisesena vā. Teneva hi padabhājane ‘‘sā ce evaṃ vadeyya ‘ayyo, mayā diṭṭho nisinno mātugāmena saddhiṃ kāyasaṃsaggaṃ samāpajjanto’’’tiādi (pārā. 455) vuttaṃ. Idaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ duṭṭhullavācāvasena āgataṃ. Duṭṭhullavācañca sutvā taṃ mātugāmopi na paṭicchādeti. Tathā hi duṭṭhullavācāsikkhāpade (pārā. 283 ādayo) yā pana tā itthiyo hirimanā, tā nikkhamitvā bhikkhū ujjhāpesuṃ, tasmā idha itthīpi anāpattiṃ karotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘itthīpī’’</span>ti. Atha vā idha appaṭicchannattā itthīpi anāpattiṃ karoti, paṭhame pana paṭicchannattā itthisatampi anāpattiṃ na karotīti evamettha attho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Anandho abadhiro</span>ti ettha kāyasaṃsaggavasena anandho vutto, duṭṭhullavācāvasena abadhiro.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Samuṭṭhānādīsu <a name="M0.0272"></a> idaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ tisamuṭṭhānaṃ – kāyacittato vācācittato kāyavācācittato samuṭṭhāti, kiriyaṃ, saññāvimokkhaṃ, sacittakaṃ, lokavajjaṃ, kāyakammaṃ, vacīkammaṃ, akusalacittaṃ, sukhamajjhattavedanāhi dvivedanaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘samuṭṭhānādīni panettha adinnādānasadisānevā’’</span>ti. Ettha ca kāyasaṃsaggaṃ samāpajjanto duṭṭhullampi bhaṇati, duṭṭhullaṃ bhaṇanto <a name="V0.0251"></a> nisīdati cāti <span class="bld">‘‘kāyavācācittato ca samuṭṭhātī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ, duṭṭhullameva vā sandhāya vuttanti gahetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Dutiyaaniyatasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Aniyatuddeso cāyaṃ diṭṭhādisamūlakacodanāya vatthuṃ paṭijānamānova āpattiyā kāretabbo, na itaroti āpattiropanāropanalakkhaṇadassanatthaṃ vutto’’ti vadanti.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti kaṅkhāvitaraṇiyā pātimokkhavaṇṇanāya</p>
<p class="centered">Vinayatthamañjūsāyaṃ līnatthappakāsaniyaṃ</p>
<p class="centered">Aniyatavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter">Nissaggiyakaṇḍaṃ</p>
<p class="title">1. Cīvaravaggo</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Kathinasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Niṭṭhitacīvarasmi</span>nti <a name="M0.0273"></a> (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.462-463) <a name="V0.0252"></a> niṭṭhitañca taṃ cīvarañcāti niṭṭhitacīvaraṃ, niṭṭhite ānisaṃsamūlake cīvare, paccāsācīvare cāti attho. Yasmā pana taṃ cīvaraṃ karaṇenapi niṭṭhitaṃ hoti nāsanādīhipi, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘sūcikammapariyosānena vā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha yaṃ kiñci sūciyā kattabbaṃ pāsakapaṭṭagaṇṭhikapaṭṭapariyosānakammaṃ, taṃ sūcikammapariyosānaṃ nāma, tena. <span class="bld">Naṭṭha</span>nti corādīhi haṭaṃ. Etampi hi karaṇapalibodhassa niṭṭhitattā ‘‘niṭṭhita’’nti vuccati. <span class="bld">Vinaṭṭha</span>nti upacikādīhi khāditaṃ. <span class="bld">Daḍḍha</span>nti agginā daḍḍhaṃ. <span class="bld">Cīvarāsā vā upacchinnā</span>ti ‘‘asukasmiṃ nāma kule cīvaraṃ labhissāmī’’ti yā cīvarāsā uppannā hoti, sā upacchinnā. Etesampi karaṇapalibodhasseva niṭṭhitattā niṭṭhitabhāvo veditabbo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘imesu vā’’</span>tiādi. Etena cīvarapalibodhābhāvo vutto. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘cīvarassa karaṇapalibodhe upacchinneti attho’’</span>ti. Kathametaṃ viññāyatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘atthatakathinassa hī’’</span>tiādi. Pañcānisaṃse aññattha gantuṃ adatvā saṅgaṇhanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">kathinaṃ,</span> thiranti attho, atthataṃ kathinaṃ yena so <span class="bld">atthatakathino,</span> tassa atthatakathinassa. <span class="bld">Hī</span>ti kāraṇatthe nipāto. <span class="bld">Tāva kathinānisaṃsaṃ labhatī</span>ti ettha yo atthatakathino bhikkhūti ajjhāharitabbaṃ, tāva so atthatakathino bhikkhūti veditabbo, anāmantacārādikaṃ kathinānisaṃsaṃ labhatīti attho. ‘‘Atthatakathinassa bhikkhuno’’ti idaṃ vā ‘‘atthatakathino bhikkhū’’ti vibhattivipariṇāmaṃ katvā yojetabbaṃ. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – cīvarapalibodho āvāsapalibodhoti dve palibodhā. Tesu ekapalibodhepi sati yasmā anāmantacārādikaṃ ānisaṃsaṃ labhati, nāsati. Kasmā? ‘‘Niṭṭhitacīvarasmi’’nti etassa cīvarassa karaṇapalibodhe upacchinneti ayamattho <a name="V0.0253"></a> viññāyatīti. <span class="bld">Saṅghassā</span>ti saṅghena. Kattari cetaṃ sāmivacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ubbhate</span>ti aṭṭhannaṃ mātikānamaññatarena, antarubbhārena vā uddhaṭe.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tatrā</span>ti <a name="M0.0274"></a> tasmiṃ kathine. <span class="bld">Ubbhāro</span> uddharaṇaṃ. Purimavassaṃvuṭṭhe tiṃsamatte pāveyyake bhikkhū uddissa ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, vassaṃvuṭṭhānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ kathinaṃ attharitu’’nti kathinakkhandhake (mahāva. 306) bhagavatā kathinassa anuññātattā <span class="bld">‘‘ayañhi kathinatthāro nāma…pe… anuññāto’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">purimavassaṃvuṭṭhāna</span>nti vassacchedaṃ akatvā purimavassaṃvuṭṭhānanti attho. Etena vuṭṭhavassavasena tāva purimikāya vassaṃ upagatāyeva kathinatthāraṃ labhanti, na pacchimikāya upagatāti dasseti. Vuṭṭhavassavasena tāva evaṃ hotu, gaṇanavasena taṃ kittakā labhantīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘so’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">So</span>ti kathinatthāro. <span class="bld">Sabbantimena paricchedenā</span>ti gaṇanavasena pacchimakoṭiyā. <span class="bld">Pañcannaṃ janānaṃ vaṭṭatī</span>ti pacchimakoṭiyā cattāro kathinadussassa dāyakā, eko paṭiggāhakoti pañcannaṃ janānaṃ vaṭṭati. Keci pana ‘‘pañcavaggakaraṇīyattā ‘pañcannaṃ janānaṃ vaṭṭatī’ti vutta’’nti vadanti, taṃ tesaṃ matimattaṃ ‘‘tatra, bhikkhave, yvāyaṃ catuvaggo bhikkhusaṅgho ṭhapetvā tīṇi kammāni upasampadaṃ pavāraṇaṃ abbhāna’’nti campeyyakkhandhake (mahāva. 388) vuttattā. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā vuṭṭhavassavasena purimavassaṃvuṭṭhānaṃ anaññāto, yasmā ca sabbantimena paricchedena pañcannaṃ janānaṃ vaṭṭati, tasmā. <span class="bld">Yatthā</span>ti yasmiṃ vihāre. <span class="bld">Ānisaṃse</span>ti anāmantacārādike kathinānisaṃse. Atha pana cattāro bhikkhū vassaṃ upagatā, eko paripuṇṇavasso sāmaṇero sace pacchimikāya upasampajjati, gaṇapūrako ceva hoti, ānisaṃsañca labhati. Tayo bhikkhū, dve sāmaṇerā, dve bhikkhū, tayo sāmaṇerā, eko bhikkhu, cattāro sāmaṇerāti etthāpi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Khandhake vuttāya ñattidutiyakammavācāyā</span>ti –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho, idaṃ saṅghassa kathinadussaṃ uppannaṃ. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho imaṃ kathinadussaṃ itthannāmassa bhikkhuno dadeyya kathinaṃ attharituṃ, esā ñatti. Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho, idaṃ saṅghassa kathinadussaṃ uppannaṃ, saṅgho imaṃ kathinadussaṃ itthannāmassa bhikkhuno deti kathinaṃ attharituṃ. Yassāyasmato khamati imassa kathinadussassa itthannāmassa bhikkhuno dānaṃ kathinaṃ attharituṃ, so tuṇhassa. Yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya. Dinnaṃ idaṃ saṅghena kathinadussaṃ itthannāmassa <a name="M0.0275"></a> bhikkhuno kathinaṃ attharituṃ, khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti (mahāva. 307) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Evaṃ <a name="V0.0254"></a> kathinakkhandhake vuttāya ñattidutiyakammavācāya. <span class="bld">Kathinatthārārahassā</span>ti kathinaṃ attharituṃ bhabbassa. So ca kho pubbakaraṇajānanādīhi aṭṭhahi aṅgehi samannāgatoti veditabbo. Vuttañhetaṃ <span class="bld">vinayavinicchaye</span> ‘‘aṭṭhadhammakovido bhikkhu, kathinatthāramarahatī’’ti. <span class="bld">Parivāre</span>pi (pari. 409) vuttaṃ –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Aṭṭhahaṅgehi samannāgato puggalo bhabbo kathinaṃ attharituṃ. Katamehi aṭṭhahaṅgehi samannāgato puggalo bhabbo kathinaṃ attharituṃ? Pubbakaraṇaṃ jānāti, paccuddhāraṃ jānāti, adhiṭṭhānaṃ jānāti, atthāraṃ jānāti, mātikaṃ jānāti, palibodhaṃ jānāti, uddhāraṃ jānāti, ānisaṃsaṃ jānāti, imehi aṭṭhahaṅgehi samannāgato puggalo bhabbo kathinaṃ attharitu’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca <span class="bld">pubbakaraṇaṃ</span> nāma dhovanavicāraṇacchedanabandhanasibbanarajanakappakaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Paccuddhāro</span> nāma purāṇasaṅghāṭiādīnaṃ paccuddharaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Adhiṭṭhānaṃ</span> nāma kathinacīvarādhiṭṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Atthāro</span> nāma kathinatthāro. <span class="bld">Mātikā</span> nāma aṭṭha mātikā. <span class="bld">Palibodho nāma</span> āvāsapalibodho cīvarapalibodhoti dve palibodhā. <span class="bld">Uddhāro</span> nāma pakkamanantikādayo. <span class="bld">Ānisaṃso</span> nāma pañcānisaṃsā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yaṃ pana <span class="bld">samantapāsādikāyaṃ</span> (mahāva. aṭṭha. 306) vuttaṃ ‘‘kathinaṃ pana kena attharitabbaṃ? Yassa saṅgho kathinacīvaraṃ deti, saṅghena pana kassa dātabbaṃ? Yo jiṇṇacīvaro hoti, sace bahū jiṇṇacīvarā honti, vuḍḍhassa dātabbaṃ. Vuḍḍhesupi yo mahāpariso tadaheva cīvaraṃ katvā attharituṃ sakkoti, tassa dātabbaṃ. Sace vuḍḍho na sakkoti, navakataro sakkoti, tassa dātabbaṃ. Apica saṅghena mahātherassa saṅgahaṃ kātuṃ vaṭṭati, tasmā ‘tumhe, bhante, gaṇhatha, mayaṃ katvā dassāmā’ti vattabba’’nti, tampi kathinatthārārahaṃyeva gahetvāva dātabbaṃ. Dentena pana tīsu cīvaresu yaṃ yaṃ jiṇṇaṃ <a name="M0.0276"></a> hoti, taṃ tadatthāya dātabbaṃ. Pakatiyā dupaṭṭacīvarassa dupaṭṭatthāyeva dātabbaṃ. Sacepissa ekapaṭṭacīvaraṃ ghanaṃ hoti, kathinasāṭako ca pelavo, sāruppatthāya dupaṭṭappahonakameva dātabbaṃ. ‘‘Ahaṃ alabhanto ekapaṭṭaṃ pārupāmī’’ti vadantassāpi dupaṭṭaṃ dātuṃ vaṭṭati. Yo pana lobhapakatiko hoti, tassa na dātabbaṃ. Tenāpi kathinaṃ attharitvā pacchā sibbetvā ‘‘dve cīvarāni karissāmī’’ti na gahetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tenā</span>ti kathinatthārakena bhikkhunā. <span class="bld">Tadahevā</span>ti tasmiṃyeva divase. <span class="bld">Pañca vā atirekāni vā</span> <a name="V0.0255"></a> <span class="bld">khaṇḍāni chinditvā</span>ti yathā pañcakhaṇḍikādīnaṃ saṅghāṭiādīnaṃ tiṇṇaṃ cīvarānaṃ aññatarappahonakāni mahāmaṇḍalaaḍḍhamaṇḍalādivasena pañca khaṇḍāni vā atirekāni vā sattādikhaṇḍāni honti, evaṃ chinditvā. Tasmiñca kathinacīvare kariyamāne ‘‘ahaṃ thero’’ti vā ‘‘bahussuto’’ti vā ekenāpi akātuṃ na labbhati. Anādariyena akarontassa dukkaṭaṃ. Tasmā sabbeheva sannipatitvā dhovanachedanasibbanarajanāni niṭṭhāpetabbāni. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sesabhikkhūhipi tassa sahāyehi bhavitabba’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Katacīvaramevā</span>ti niṭṭhitaparikammameva kathinadussaṃ. Sabbantimena paricchedena antaravāsakopi chinditvāva kātabbo aññathā atthāravipattito. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Kathañca pana, bhikkhave, anatthataṃ hoti kathinaṃ? Na ullikhitamattena atthataṃ hoti kathinaṃ…pe… na aññatra pañcakena vā atirekapañcakena vā tadaheva sañchinnenā’’ti (mahāva. 308).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘acchinnāsibbitaṃ pana na vaṭṭatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tena bhikkhunā</span>ti atthārakena bhikkhunā. <span class="bld">Attharitabba</span>nti attharaṇaṃ kātabbaṃ. Tañca kho tathāvacībhedakaraṇamevāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Sace saṅghāṭiyā kathinaṃ attharitukāmo hoti, porāṇikā saṅghāṭi paccuddharitabbā, navā saṅghāṭi adhiṭṭhātabbā, ‘imāya saṅghāṭiyā kathinaṃ attharāmī’ti vācā bhinditabbā’’ti (pari. 413) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Vitthāro. ‘‘Bhante, āvuso’’ti ca ‘‘anumodatha, anumodāhī’’ti ca vacanabhedaṃ sandhāya <span class="bld">‘‘therānañcā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ <a name="M0.0277"></a> atthārakena paṭipajjitabbavidhiṃ dassetvā idāni anumodakehi paṭipajjitabbavidhiṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tehipī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Anumodāmā’’</span>ti attanāva attani gāravavasena vuttaṃ. Kiñcāpi evaṃ vuttaṃ, tathāpi ekakena ‘‘anumodāmā’’ti vattuṃ na vaṭṭati, ‘‘anumodāmi’’cceva vattabbanti vadanti, vīmaṃsitvā gahetabbaṃ. Idāni kathinānisaṃse dassetuṃ bhūmiṃ vicārayanto <span class="bld">‘‘purimavassaṃvuṭṭhesupī’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">tesaṃyevā</span>ti atthārakaanumodakānaṃyeva. Vuttañhetaṃ <span class="bld">parivāre</span> ‘‘dvinnaṃ puggalānaṃ atthataṃ hoti kathinaṃ atthārakassa <a name="V0.0256"></a> ca anumodakassa cā’’ti (pari. 403). <span class="bld">Te</span>ti atthārakaanumodakā. <span class="bld">Tato paṭṭhāyā</span>ti atthārānumodanato paṭṭhāya. <span class="bld">Yāva kathinassubbhārā</span>ti na kevalaṃ cīvaramāseyeva, atha kho aṭṭhannaṃ mātikānaṃ aññatarena vā antarubbhārena vā yāva kathinassubbhārā pañcānisaṃse labhanti, uddhaṭe pana na labhantīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni te pañcānisaṃse sarūpato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘anāmantacāro’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">anāmantacāro</span> nāma pañcannaṃ bhojanānaṃ aññatarena nimantitassa santaṃ bhikkhuṃ anāpucchā kulesu cārittāpajjanaṃ. <span class="bld">Asamādānacāro</span> nāma nāmenādhiṭṭhitassa cīvarassa asamādānacaraṇaṃ, nāmenādhiṭṭhitānaṃ tiṇṇaṃ cīvarānamaññataraṃ cīvaraṃ yattha katthaci nikkhipitvā aññattha aruṇuṭṭhāpananti attho, cīvaravippavāsoti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Yāvadatthacīvara</span>nti yāvatā cīvarena attho hoti, tāvatakaṃ anadhiṭṭhitaṃ avikappitaṃ cīvaradhāraṇaṃ, dasāhamatikkamitvā cīvarassa ṭhapananti attho. Gaṇassa bhojanaṃ <span class="bld">gaṇabhojanaṃ. Gaṇo</span>ti cettha cattāro vā tatuttari vā bhikkhū. Tesaṃ viññattito vā nimantanato vā laddhassa odanādīnaṃ pañcannaṃ aññatarabhojanassa saha gahaṇanti attho. <span class="bld">Yo ca tattha cīvaruppādo</span>ti tattha kathinatthatasīmāya matakacīvaraṃ vā hotu, saṅghaṃ uddissa dinnaṃ vā saṅghikena tatruppādena ābhataṃ vā yena kenaci ākārena yaṃ saṅghikaṃ cīvaraṃ uppajjati, taṃ tesaṃ bhavissatīti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tasmiṃ āvāse saṅghassa uppannacīvarañcā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Yaṃ pana tattha saṅghassa uppannaṃ pattādi vā aññaṃ bhaṇḍaṃ vā, taṃ sabbesaṃ pāpuṇāti. Yaṃ pana tatruppādena taṇḍulādinā vatthaṃ cetāpitaṃ, atthatakathinānameva tāni vatthāni pāpuṇanti. Vatthehi pana taṇḍulādīsu cetāpitesu <a name="M0.0278"></a> sabbesaṃ tāni pāpuṇantī’’ti <span class="bld">gaṇṭhipade</span> vuttaṃ, tampi cetāpitakālato paṭṭhāya cīvaruppādo na hotīti suvuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Anatthatakathinā pana imesu pañcasu ānisaṃsesu cīvaramāse asamādānacāraṃ ṭhapetvā sesānisaṃse labhanti. Yadi asamādānacāropi labbheyya, pāveyyakā bhikkhū vassaṃvuṭṭhā okapuṇṇehi cīvarehi na bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkameyyuṃ. Yasmā taṃ na labbhati, tasmā cīvaramāsepi cīvaraṃ samādāya eva bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamiṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ kathinatthāraṃ dassetvā idāni ubbhāraṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘taṃ panetaṃ kathina’’</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">mātikā</span>ti mātaro, janettiyoti attho. Kathinubbhārañhi etā aṭṭha janenti. Tāsu pakkamanaṃ anto etissāti <span class="bld">pakkamanantikā</span>. Evaṃ sesāpi veditabbā. Tattha yo bhikkhu atthatakathino <a name="V0.0257"></a> kathinacīvaraṃ ādāya tasmiṃ āvāse nirapekkho ‘‘na paccessa’’nti pakkamati, tassevaṃ pakkamato kathinuddhāro atikkantamattāya sīmāya hotīti <span class="bld">pakkamanantiko kathinuddhāro</span>ti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yo pana ānisaṃsacīvaraṃ ādāya pakkamati, tassa bahisīmāgatassa evaṃ hoti ‘‘idhevimaṃ karissāmi, na puna taṃ vihāraṃ gacchissāmī’’ti tasmiṃ āvāse nirapekkho hutvā taṃ cīvaraṃ kāreti, tassa bhikkhuno <span class="bld">niṭṭhānantiko kathinuddhāro</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadi pana ānisaṃsamūlacīvaraṃ ādāya bahisīmāgato ‘‘nevimaṃ cīvaraṃ karissāmi, na ca taṃ āvāsaṃ gacchissāmī’’ti sanniṭṭhānaṃ karoti, tadā <span class="bld">sanniṭṭhānantiko kathinuddhāro</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tadeva ānisaṃsacīvaraṃ laddhā taṃ ādāya bahisīmaṃ gantvā ‘‘idhevimaṃ cīvaraṃ karissāmi, na gacchissāmī’’ti karontassa sace taṃ cīvaraṃ nassati vinassati ḍayhati, <span class="bld">nāsanantiko kathinuddhāro</span> hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sace pana ānisaṃsacīvaraṃ laddhā tasmiṃ vihāre sāpekkhova bahisīmāgato ‘‘vihāre bhikkhūhi antarubbhāraṃ kata’’nti suṇāti, tassa <span class="bld">savanantiko kathinuddhāro</span> hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Āsāya avacchedo etissāti <span class="bld">āsāvacchedikā</span>. Yo pana yena kenaci ‘‘tuyhaṃ cīvaraṃ dassāmī’’ti vutto tasmiṃ cīvare āsāya vihāre apekkhaṃ pahāya bahisīmāgato puna tena ‘‘na sakkomi dātu’’nti <a name="M0.0279"></a> vutte āsaṃ chindati, tassa <span class="bld">āsāvacchediko kathinuddhāro</span> hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yo pana vassaṃvuṭṭhavihārato aññaṃ vihāraṃ sāpekkhova gantvā āgacchanto antarāmaggeyeva kathinuddhāraṃ vītināmeti, tassa <span class="bld">sīmātikkamanantiko kathinuddhāro</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Saha ubbhārenāti <span class="bld">sahubbhārā</span>. Ānisaṃsacīvaraṃ ādāya sāpekkhova bahi gantvā kathinuddhāraṃ sambhuṇantassa <span class="bld">kathinuddhāro sahubbhāro</span>ti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Etasmiṃ pana pakkamanantike kathinuddhāre paṭhamaṃ cīvarapalibodho chijjatī’’tiādinā cīvarapalibodhupacchedādikassa vinicchayassa vitthārato <span class="bld">samantapāsādikāyaṃ</span> (mahāva. aṭṭha. 311) vuttattā <a name="V0.0258"></a>8 <span class="bld">‘‘tattha vitthāravinicchayo’’</span>tiādimāha. Atthārubbhārānaṃyeva vā vitthāravinicchayassa tatthāgatattā evaṃ vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Sesapalibodhābhāva</span>nti avasesassa palibodhassa abhāvaṃ, āvāsapalibodhābhāvanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Assā</span>ti kālassa. <span class="bld">Dasāhaparama</span>nti accantasaṃyoge upayogavacananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘taṃ dasāhaparamaṃ kāla’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Atireka</span>nti adhikaṃ, so ca adhikabhāvo adhiṭṭhitavikappitacīvaratoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘adhiṭṭhitavikappitesū’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Khoma</span>nti (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.636-638) khomasuttehi vāyitaṃ khomapaṭṭacīvaraṃ. Tathā sesāni. <span class="bld">Kambalaṃ</span> nāma manussalomavāḷalome ṭhapetvā sesalomehi vāyitvā katavatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Sāṇaṃ</span> nāma sāṇavākehi katavatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhaṅgaṃ</span> nāma khomasuttādīhi pañcahi missetvā katavatthaṃ. ‘‘Pāṭekkaṃ vākamayamevā’’tipi vadanti. <span class="bld">Tadanulomānaṃ vā</span>ti dukūlaṃ pattuṇṇaṃ somārapaṭṭaṃ cīnapaṭṭaṃ iddhijaṃ devadinnanti tesaṃ khomādīnaṃyeva anulomānaṃ channaṃ cīvarānaṃ vā, tattha <span class="bld">dukūlaṃ</span> sāṇassa anulomaṃ vākamayattā. Pattuṇṇadese pāṇakehi sañjātavatthaṃ <span class="bld">pattuṇṇaṃ</span>. Somāradese jātaṃ vatthaṃ <span class="bld">somārapaṭṭaṃ</span>. Tathā <span class="bld">cīnapaṭṭaṃ</span>. Imāni tīṇipi koseyyassa anulomāni pāṇakehi katasuttamayattā. <span class="bld">Iddhijaṃ</span> ehibhikkhūnaṃ puññiddhiyā nibbattacīvaraṃ. Taṃ pana khomādīnamaññataraṃ hotīti tesaṃyeva anulomaṃ. Devehi dinnaṃ cīvaraṃ <span class="bld">devadinnaṃ,</span> taṃ kapparukkhe nibbattaṃ jāliniyā devakaññāya anuruddhattherassa <a name="M0.0280"></a> dinnavatthasadisaṃ, tampi khomādīnaṃyeva anulomaṃ hoti tesu aññatarabhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dīghato vaḍḍhakihatthappamāṇaṃ, vitthārato tato upaḍḍhappamāṇaṃ <span class="bld">vikappanupagaṃ pacchimaṃ. Aṭṭhaṅgulaṃ sugataṅgulenā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">sugataṅgulaṃ</span> nāma idāni majjhimassa purimassa tīṇi aṅgulāni, tena sugataṅgulena aṭṭhaṅgulaṃ vaḍḍhakihatthappamāṇanti attho. <span class="bld">Caturaṅgulavitthata</span>nti etthāpi yathāvuttānusāreneva attho veditabbo. Yesaṃ pana adhiṭṭhānavikappanānaṃ abhāvato adhiṭṭhitavikappitesu apariyāpannattā idaṃ atirekacīvaraṃ nāma hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Taṃ adhiṭṭhānavikappanaṃ kenākārena jānitabbanti anuyogaṃ sandhāya taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ pana vutta’’</span>ntiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">yaṃ pana vutta</span>nti atirekacīvaraṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘adhiṭṭhitavikappitesu apariyāpannattā’’ti amhehi yaṃ vuttanti attho. <span class="bld">Ticīvaraṃ adhiṭṭhātu</span>nti nāmaṃ vatvā adhiṭṭhātuṃ. <span class="bld">Na vikappetu</span>nti saṅghāṭiādināmena vikappetuṃ na anujānāmīti attho. ‘‘Imaṃ cīvaraṃ vikappemī’’ti pana vikappetuṃ vaṭṭatiyeva. Sāmaññavacanaṃ pana ticīvarassa kaṇḍupaṭicchādivassikasāṭikānaṃ viya kālavasena visesābhāvā cassa vikappetabbatāti dassanatthaṃ<a name="V0.0259"></a>, na pana sabbathā vikappanapaṭisedhanatthanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Tathā hi purāṇacīvaraṃ paccuddharitvā navassa adhiṭṭhānavacanato, ‘‘anāpatti adhiṭṭheti vikappetī’’tiādivacanato (pārā. 469) ca ticīvarassapi vikappanāya okāso dinno. Esa nayo sabbattha. Ticīvarādīni hi adhiṭṭhahantena ‘‘imaṃ saṅghāṭiṃ adhiṭṭhāmī’’tiādinā taṃ taṃ nāmaṃ vatvā adhiṭṭhātabbaṃ. Vikappentena pana ‘‘imaṃ saṅghāṭi’’ntiādinā tassa tassa cīvarassa nāmaṃ aggahetvā ‘‘imaṃ cīvaraṃ tuyhaṃ vikappemī’’ti vikappetabbaṃ. Ticīvaraṃ vā hotu, aññaṃ vā, yadi taṃ taṃ nāmaṃ gahetvā vikappeti, avikappitaṃ hoti, atirekacīvaraṭṭhāneyeva tiṭṭhati. <span class="bld">Tato paraṃ vikappetu</span>nti catumāsato paraṃ ‘‘imaṃ cīvaraṃ vikappemī’’ti vikappetuṃ. Idañca paribhuñjituṃ anuññātaṃ. Keci pana (sārattha. ṭī. 2.469) ‘‘tato paraṃ vikappetvā yāva āgāmisaṃvacchare vassānaṃ catumāsaṃ, tāva ṭhapetuṃ anuññāta’’nti vadanti. <span class="bld">Tato para</span>nti ābādhato paraṃ. ‘‘Imāsañca pana vassikasāṭikakaṇḍupaṭicchādīnaṃ tato paraṃ vikappetvā paribhogassa anuññātattā tathāvikappitaṃ <a name="M0.0281"></a> aññanāmena adhiṭṭhahitvā paribhuñjitabba’’nti <span class="bld">gaṇṭhipadesu</span> vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Adhiṭṭhātabbavikappetabbatā jānitabbā</span>ti adhiṭṭhātabbaṃ vikappetabbanti evaṃ adhiṭṭhānavikappanā jānitabbāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pañcaparimāṇaṃ assāti <span class="bld">pañcakaṃ,</span> muṭṭhissa muṭṭhihatthassa sambandhaṃ pañcakaṃ <span class="bld">muṭṭhipañcakaṃ</span>. Esa na yo <span class="bld">muṭṭhittika</span>nti etthāpi. Pārupanenapi sakkā nābhiṃ paṭicchādetunti āha <span class="bld">‘‘dvihatthopi vaṭṭatī’’</span>ti. Na kevalaṃ aḍḍhateyyova vaṭṭati, atha kho dvihatthopi vaṭṭatīti <span class="bld">pi</span>-saddassa attho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Atirekañcā</span>ti sugatacīvarappamāṇampi tato adhikampi. <span class="bld">Paccuddharāmī</span>ti ṭhapemi, pariccajāmīti vā attho. ‘‘Imaṃ cīvaraṃ saṅghāṭiṃ adhiṭṭhāmī’’ti (sārattha. ṭī. 2.469) evampi vattuṃ vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Kāyavikāraṃ karontenā</span>ti hatthādinā cīvaraṃ parāmasantena, cālentena vā. Idañhi adhiṭṭhānaṃ yena kenaci sarīrāvayavena aphusantassa na vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Duvidha</span>nti sammukhāparammukhabhedena duvidhaṃ. <span class="bld">Vācā bhinditabbā</span>ti vacanaṃ nicchāretabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Antogabbhādīsū</span>ti antogabbhauparipāsādesu. <span class="bld">Sāmantavihāre</span>ti yattha tadaheva gantvā nivattetuṃ sakkā, evarūpe samīpavihāre. Idañca desanāsīsamattaṃ, tasmā dūre ṭhitampi adhiṭṭhātabbanti vadanti. <span class="bld">‘‘Ṭhapitaṭṭhānaṃ sallakkhetvā’’</span>ti iminā cīvarasaṃlakkhaṇaṃ vuttaṃ. Na hi ṭhapitaṭṭhānamattasallakkhaṇena kiñci payojanaṃ atthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Adhiṭṭhahitvā ṭhapitavatthehī</span>ti paccattharaṇamukhapuñchanacoḷaparikkhāracoḷavasena adhiṭṭhahitvā ṭhapitavatthehi. Adhiṭṭhānato pubbe saṅghāṭiādivohārassa abhāvato <span class="bld">‘‘imaṃ paccuddharāmī’’</span>ti paccattharaṇādīnaṃ <a name="V0.0260"></a> visuṃ paccuddharaṇavidhiṃ dasseti. Paccattharaṇādināmena pana adhiṭṭhātabbattā ‘‘imaṃ paccattharaṇaṃ paccuddharāmī’’tiādinā vuttepi nevatthi doso. <span class="bld">Puna adhiṭṭhātabbānī</span>ti saṅghāṭiādināmena adhiṭṭhātabbāni. Parikkhāracoḷakassa pana parikkhāracoḷavasena adhiṭṭhahitvā ṭhapitavatthehipi saṅghāṭiādimhi kate paccuddharitvā puna adhiṭṭhātabbanti natthi. Pubbe katādhiṭṭhānameva adhiṭṭhānaṃ. Adhiṭṭhitena pana tena saddhiṃ mahantatarameva dutiyaṃ paṭṭaṃ vā khaṇḍaṃ vā saṃsibbantena adhiṭṭhātabbaṃ, same vā khuddake vā adhiṭṭhānakiccaṃ natthi. <span class="bld">Sukhaparibhogattha</span>nti vippavāsadosābhāvato yattha katthaci ṭhapetvā dhammassavanādinā kiccena aññattha aruṇaṃ uṭṭhāpetvā āgantvā nissajjanaṃ vināva <a name="M0.0282"></a> paribhuñjituṃ sakkuṇeyyatāya sukhaparibhogatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Parikkhāracoḷaṃ adhiṭṭhātu</span>nti parikkhāracoḷaṃ katvā adhiṭṭhātuṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anatirittapamāṇā</span>ti ‘‘dīghaso cha vidatthiyo sugatavidatthiyā, tiriyaṃ aḍḍhateyyā’’ti (pāci. 543) vuttappamāṇato anadhikapamāṇā. <span class="bld">Paccuddharitvā vikappetabbā</span>ti vassikasāṭikabhāvato apanetvā vikappetabbā, hemantassa paṭhamadivasato paṭṭhāya antodasāhe vassikasāṭikāvassikasāṭikabhāvato apanetvā ‘‘imaṃ cīvaraṃ tuyhaṃ vikappemī’’tiādinā nayena vikappetabbāti vuttaṃ hoti. Aññathā hi ‘‘vassikasāṭikā vassānamāsātikkamenāpi, kaṇḍupaṭicchādi ābādhavūpasamenāpi adhiṭṭhānaṃ vijahatī’’ti (kaṅkhā. aṭṭha. kathinasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā) vakkhamānattā vassānamāsato paraṃ asati adhiṭṭhāne kiṃ paccuddhareyyāti ‘‘paccuddharitvā’’ti vacanameva nopapajjeyya.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Keci pana (sārattha. ṭī. 2.469) ‘‘yathā kathinamāsabbhantare uppannacīvaraṃ kathinamāsātikkame nissaggiyaṃ hoti, evamayaṃ vassikasāṭikāpi vassānamāsātikkame nissaggiyā hoti. Tasmā kattikapuṇṇamadivase paccuddharitvā tato paraṃ hemantassa paṭhamadivase vikappetabbāti evamattho gahetabbo, paccuddharitvā tato paraṃ vikappetabbāti padayojanā veditabbā’’ti ca vadanti, taṃ na yuttaṃ. Kathinamāse uppannañhi cīvaraṃ atirekacīvaraṭṭhāne ṭhitattā avasānadivase anadhiṭṭhitaṃ kathinamāsātikkame nissaggiyaṃ hoti. Ayaṃ pana vassikasāṭikā adhiṭṭhahitvā ṭhapitattā na tena sadisāti vassānātikkame kathaṃ nissaggiyaṃ hoti anadhiṭṭhitaavikappitameva hi taṃ kālātikkame nissaggiyaṃ hoti, tasmā hemantepi vassikasāṭikā dasāhaparihāraṃ labhati. Evaṃ kaṇḍupaṭicchādipi adhiṭṭhānavijahanato paraṃ dasāhaparihāraṃ labhati. Dasāhaṃ pana anatikkāmetvā vikappetabbā. Nahānatthāya anuññātattā <span class="bld">vaṇṇabhedamattarattāpi cesā vaṭṭatī</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Dve pana na vaṭṭantī’’</span>ti dvinnaṃ adhiṭṭhānābhāvato vuttaṃ<a name="V0.0261"></a>. ‘‘Sace vassāne aparā vassikasāṭikā uppannā hoti, purimavassikasāṭikaṃ paccuddharitvā, vikappetvā ca adhiṭṭhātabbā’’ti vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pamāṇayutta</span>nti ‘‘dīghaso sugatavidatthiyā dve vidatthiyo, vitthārato diyaḍḍhaṃ dasā vidatthī’’ti (pāci. 531 ādayo) iminā pamāṇena yuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Pamāṇikā</span>ti ‘‘sugatavidatthiyā <a name="M0.0283"></a> dīghaso catasso vidatthiyo, tiriyaṃ dve vidatthiyo’’ti evaṃ vuttappamāṇayuttā. <span class="bld">Paccuddharitvā vikappetabbā</span>ti ettha yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ heṭṭhā vuttameva. Yasmā bhikkhūnaṃ ticīvare paripuṇṇe, atthe ca sati parissāvanādīhi ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, parikkhāracoḷaka’’nti (mahāva. 357) bahūnaṃ pattatthavikaparissāvanādīnaṃ saṅgahavasena parikkhāracoḷādhiṭṭhānamanuññātaṃ, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘parikkhāracoḷe gaṇanā natthī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Bhagavatā hi yaṃ yaṃ bhikkhū labhanti, taṃ taṃ iminā vidhānena adhiṭṭhahitvā puna ‘‘yena yena parissāvanādinā attho hoti, taṃ taṃ katvā gaṇhantū’’ti anukampāya anuññātaṃ. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘thavikāpī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena ‘‘etāni cīvarāni parikkhāracoḷāni adhiṭṭhāmī’’ti asammukhādhiṭṭhānaṃ saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">‘‘Senāsanaparikkhāratthāya dinnapaccattharaṇe cā’’</span>ti iminā attano santakaṃ paṭikkhipati. Keci pana (sārattha. ṭī. 2.469) ‘‘anivāsetvā, apārupitvā ca kevalaṃ pañcapīṭhesuyeva attharitvā paribhuñjiyamānaṃ paccattharaṇaṃ attano santakampi anadhiṭṭhitaṃ vaṭṭatī’’ti vadanti, taṃ ayuttaṃ senāsanaparikkhāratthāya dinna’’nti paccattharaṇassa visesitattā. Bhisibibbohanapāvārakojavānampi senāsanaparikkhāratoyeva adhiṭṭhānakiccaṃ natthīti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Adhiṭṭhitañca panetaṃ cīvaraṃ paribhuñjato kathaṃ adhiṭṭhānaṃ vijahatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbañca paneta’’</span>ntiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">acchinditvā gahaṇenā</span>ti corādīhi acchinditvā gahaṇena. <span class="bld">Hīnāyāvattanenā</span>ti gihibhāvāya āvattanena, vibbhamenāti attho, ‘‘sīlavantova hutvā gihī bhavissāmī’’ti setavatthanivāsanenāti vuttaṃ hoti. ‘‘Antimavatthuṃ ajjhāpannassa setavatthanivāso vā kāsāyacajanaṃ vā hīnāyāvattana’’nti keci. ‘‘‘Hīnāyāvattanenā’ti iminā bhikkhuniyā eva adhiṭṭhānavijahanaṃ gahitaṃ hoti. Sā hi yadā vibbhamati, tadā assamaṇī hoti. Bhikkhu pana vibbhamantopi yāva sikkhaṃ na paccakkhāti, tāva bhikkhuyevāti adhiṭṭhānaṃ na vijahatī’’ti apare. <span class="bld">Sikkhāpaccakkhānenā</span>ti liṅge ṭhitasseva sikkhāya paccakkhānena. Yo hi bhikkhuliṅge ṭhitova sikkhaṃ paccakkhāti, tassa kāyalaggampi cīvaraṃ adhiṭṭhānaṃ vijahatīti. <span class="bld">Kālaṅkiriyāyā</span>ti maraṇena. <span class="bld">Liṅgaparivattanenā</span>ti purisaliṅgassa<a name="V0.0262"></a>, itthiliṅgassa vā parivattanena, purisassa itthiliṅgapātubhāvena, itthiyā vā purisaliṅgapātubhāvenāti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kaniṭṭhaṅgulinakhapiṭṭhippamāṇenā</span>ti <a name="M0.0284"></a> heṭṭhimaparicchedaṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Orato</span>ti abbhantarato. Yo pana dubbalaṭṭhāne paṭhamaṃ aggaḷaṃ datvā pacchā dubbalaṭṭhānaṃ chinditvā apaneti, adhiṭṭhānaṃ na bhijjati. Maṇḍalaparivattanepi eseva nayo. Dupaṭṭassa pana ekasmiṃ paṭale chidde vā jāte, galite vā adhiṭṭhānaṃ na bhijjati. Khuddakaṃ cīvaraṃ mahantaṃ karoti, mahantaṃ vā khuddakaṃ karoti, adhiṭṭhānaṃ na bhijjati. Ubho koṭiyo majjhe karonto sace pana paṭhamaṃ chinditvā pacchā ghaṭeti, adhiṭṭhānaṃ bhijjati. Atha ghaṭetvā chindati, na bhijjati. Rajakehi dhovāpetvā setaṃ karontassāpi adhiṭṭhānaṃ adhiṭṭhānameva. <span class="bld">Vassānamāsātikkamenāpī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">pi</span>-saddo sampiṇḍanattho. Tena na kevalaṃ pubbe vuttena dānādinā aṭṭhavidheneva kāraṇena vassikasāṭikā adhiṭṭhānaṃ vijahati, atha kho vassānamāsātikkamenapīti evamettha attho daṭṭhabbo. Esa nayo <span class="bld">ābādhavūpasamenāpī</span>ti etthāpi. <span class="bld">Vikappanasikkhāpade</span>ti (pāci. 372 ādayo) pācittiye surāpānavaggassa navamasikkhāpade.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Taṃ atikkāmayato</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">ta</span>nti cīvaraṃ, kālaṃ vā parāmasatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘taṃ yathāvuttajātippamāṇa’’</span>ntiādi. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti bhikkhussa. <span class="bld">Tassa yo aruṇoti</span> tassa cīvaruppādadivasassa yo atikkanto aruṇo. <span class="bld">Cīvaruppādadivasena saddhi</span>nti cīvaruppādadivasassa aruṇena saddhiṃ. Divasasaddena cettha taṃdivasanissito aruṇo vutto. Idāni yassa ca nissajjitabbaṃ, yathā ca nissajjitabbaṃ, taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘taṃ gahetvā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Tatrāyaṃ nayo</span>ti tasmiṃ nissajjane ayaṃ vidhi. <span class="bld">Aññathāpī</span>ti bhāsantarenāpi, yāya kāyaci bhāsāyapīti attho. <span class="bld">Paṭibalenā</span>ti vattuṃ samatthena. <span class="bld">Āyatiṃ saṃvareyyāsī</span>ti upari saṃvaramāpajjeyyāsi, saṃvutakāyavacīdvāro bhaveyyāsīti attho. Imāni ca <span class="bld">‘‘passasī’’</span>tiādīni yathākkamaṃ paṭiggāhakadesakehi vattabbavacanāni. Tathā hi <span class="bld">‘‘passasī’’</span>ti paṭiggāhakena vattabbavacanaṃ, <span class="bld">‘‘āma passāmī’’</span>ti tadanudesakena vattabbavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Āyatiṃ saṃvareyyāsī’’</span>ti tadanuppaṭiggāhakena vattabbavacanaṃ, <span class="bld">‘‘sādhu suṭṭhu saṃvarissāmī’’</span>ti tadanudesakena vattabbavacanaṃ. Iminā ca attano āyatiṃ saṃvare patiṭṭhitabhāvaṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Dvīsu, pana sambahulāsu vā</span>ti dvīsu vā sambahulāsu vā āpattīsu purimanayeneva vacanabhedo kātabbo. Ñattiyaṃ <span class="bld">āpattiṃ sarati vivaratī</span>ti ettha ‘‘dve <a name="M0.0285"></a> āpattiyo’’ti vā ‘‘sambahulā āpattiyo’’ti vā <a name="V0.0263"></a> vacanabhedo kātabbo. <span class="bld">Dvīsu, bahūsu vā vacanabhedo kātabbo</span>ti ‘‘saṅgho imāni cīvarānī’’ti vatthuvasena vacanabhedo kātabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ saṅghassa nissajjanavidhiṃ dassetvā gaṇassa nissajjanavidhiṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘gaṇassa pana nissajjantenā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">sesaṃ purimasadisamevā</span>ti nissajjanāpattippaṭiggahaṇanissaṭṭhacīvaradānesu <span class="bld">‘‘āyasmantāna’’</span>ntiādinā vuttavacanabhedaṃ vinā avasesaṃ saṅghassa nissajjanādīsu vuttasadisamevāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni puggalassa nissajjanavidhiṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘puggalassa panā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">dvīsu, tīsu vā</span>ti dvīsu, tīsu vā āpattīsu ceva dātabbacīvaresu ca. Yathā ca gaṇassa nissajjane, evaṃ dvinnaṃ nissajjanepi pāḷi veditabbā. Yadi hi viseso bhaveyya, yatheva ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tiṇṇaṃ pārisuddhiuposathaṃ kātuṃ, evañca pana, bhikkhave, kātabbo – byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena te bhikkhū ñāpetabbā’’tiādinā (mahāva. 168) nayena tiṇṇaṃ pārisuddhiuposathaṃ vatvā ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, dvinnaṃ pārisuddhiuposathaṃ kātuṃ, evañca pana, bhikkhave, kattabbo – therena bhikkhunā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅga’’ntiādinā nayena visuṃyeva dvinnaṃ pārisuddhiuposatho vutto, evaṃ idhāpi visuṃ pāḷiṃ vadeyya. Yasmā pana natthi, tasmā avatvāva gatoti gaṇassa vuttā pāḷiyevettha pāḷi. Āpattippaṭiggahaṇe pana ayaṃ viseso – yathā gaṇassa nissajjitvā āpattiyā desiyamānāya āpattippaṭiggāhako bhikkhu ñattiṃ ṭhapeti, evaṃ aṭṭhapetvā dvīsu aññatarena yathā ekapuggalo paṭiggaṇhāti, evaṃ āpatti paṭiggahetabbā. Dvinnañhi ñattiṭṭhapanaṃ nāma natthi. Yadi siyā, dvinnaṃ pārisuddhiuposathaṃ visuṃ na vadeyya. Nissaṭṭhacīvaradānepi yathā ‘‘imaṃ cīvaraṃ āyasmato dammī’’ti eko vadati, evaṃ ‘‘mayaṃ imaṃ cīvaraṃ āyasmato demā’’ti vattuṃ vaṭṭati. Ito garukatarānipi hi ñattidutiyakammāni apaloketvā kātabbānīti vuttāni atthi, tesaṃ etaṃ anulomaṃ. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘dvinnaṃ panā’’</span>tiādi. Nissaṭṭhacīvaraṃ pana dātabbameva, adātuṃ na labbhati. Vinayakammamattameva hetaṃ. Na taṃ tena saṅghassa vā gaṇassa vā puggalassa vā dinnameva hoti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘nissaṭṭhavatthu’’</span>ntiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anissajjitvā</span> <a name="M0.0286"></a> <span class="bld">paribhuñjantassa dukkaṭa</span>nti sakiṃ nivatthaṃ vā sakiṃ pārutaṃ vā kāyato amocetvā divasampi carati, ekameva dukkaṭaṃ. Mocetvā nivāseti vā pārupati vā, payoge payoge dukkaṭaṃ. Dunnivatthaṃ vā duppārutaṃ vā saṇṭhāpentassa anāpatti. Aññassa taṃ paribhuñjatopi <a name="V0.0264"></a> anāpatti. ‘‘Aññena kataṃ paṭilabhitvā paribhuñjatī’’tiādivacanañcettha (pārā. 570) sādhakaṃ. <span class="bld">Dasāhaṃ anatikkantepi atikkantasaññino, vematikassa ca dukkaṭa</span>nti etthāpi ‘‘paribhuñjantassā’’ti ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Atikkante anatikkantasaññinopī</span>ti dasāhaṃ atikkante cīvare ‘‘anatikkantaṃ ida’’nti evaṃ saññino, dasāhe vā atikkante ‘‘anatikkanto dasāho’’ti evaṃ saññino.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni ‘‘anadhiṭṭhite adhiṭṭhitasaññino nissaggiya’’ntiādiāpattivāraṃ saṅgahetvā dassento <span class="bld">‘‘tathā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Tathā</span>ti yathā dasāhaṃ atikkante saññābhedena tikapācittiyaṃ, tathā anadhiṭṭhitādīsu sattasu vikappesu adhiṭṭhitādisaññābhedatoti attho. Tattha <span class="bld">avissajjite vissajjitasaññino</span>ti kassaci adinne apariccatte ‘‘dinnaṃ pariccattaṃ mayā’’ti evaṃ saññino. <span class="bld">Anaṭṭhe naṭṭhasaññino</span>ti attano cīvarena saddhiṃ bahūni aññesaṃ cīvarāni ekato ṭhapitāni, tāni ce corā haranti, tatresa attano cīvare anaṭṭhe naṭṭhasaññī hoti, tassa naṭṭhasaññino. Esa nayo <span class="bld">avinaṭṭhā</span>dīsupi. <span class="bld">Avilutte</span>ti ettha pana gabbhaṃ bhinditvā pasayhāvahāravasena avilutteti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vissajjite</span>ti (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.469) aññassa dinne. Kathaṃ pana dinnaṃ hoti, kathaṃ gahitaṃ? ‘‘Imaṃ tuyhaṃ demi, dadāmi, dajjāmi, oṇojemi, pariccajāmi, vissajjāmi, nissajjāmī’’ti vā vadati, ‘‘itthannāmassa demi…pe… nissajjāmī’’ti vā vadati, sammukhāpi parammukhāpi dinnaṃyeva hoti. ‘‘Tuyhaṃ gaṇhāhī’’ti vutte ‘‘mayhaṃ gaṇhāmī’’ti vadati, sudinnaṃ, suggahitañca. ‘‘Tava santakaṃ karohi, tava santakaṃ hotu, tava santakaṃ karissasī’’ti vutte ‘‘mama santakaṃ karomi, mama santakaṃ hotu, mama santakaṃ karissāmī’’ti vadati, duddinnaṃ, duggahitañca. Neva dātā dātuṃ jānāti, na itaro gahetuṃ. Sace pana ‘‘tava santakaṃ karohī’’ti vutte ‘‘sādhu, bhante, mayhaṃ gaṇhāmī’’ti gaṇhāti, suggahitaṃ, sace pana eko ‘‘gaṇhāhī’’ti vadati, itaro ‘‘na gaṇhāmī’’ti vadati, puna so ‘‘dinnaṃ mayā <a name="M0.0287"></a> tuyhaṃ, gaṇhāhī’’ti vadati, itaropi ‘‘na mayhaṃ iminā attho’’ti vadati. Tato purimopi ‘‘mayā dinna’’nti dasāhaṃ atikkāmeti, pacchimopi ‘‘mayā paṭikkhitta’’nti, kassāpattīti? Na kassaci. Yassa pana ruccati, tena adhiṭṭhahitvā paribhuñjitabbaṃ. Yo pana adhiṭṭhāne vematiko, tena kiṃ kātabbaṃ? Vematikabhāvaṃ ārocetvā ‘‘sace anadhiṭṭhitaṃ bhavissati, evaṃ me kappiyaṃ hotī’’ti vatvā vuttanayeneva nissajjitabbaṃ. Na hi evaṃ jānāpetvā vinayakammaṃ karontassa musāvādo hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yathā</span> <a name="V0.0265"></a> <span class="bld">ca idaṃ, evaṃ ito parānipī</span>ti yathā idaṃ atirekacīvaradhāraṇasikkhāpadaṃ ācāravipatti, evaṃ ito parānipi sikkhāpadāni ācāravipattiyevāti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ubhatopātimokkhesū’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Ājīvavipattipaccayā pana ṭhapetvā dubbhāsitaṃ cha āpattikkhandhā paññattā</span>ti –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Ājīvahetu ājīvakāraṇā pāpiccho icchāpakato asantaṃ abhūtaṃ uttarimanussadhammaṃ ullapati, āpatti pārājikassa. Ājīvahetu ājīvakāraṇā sañcarittaṃ samāpajjati, āpatti saṅghādisesassa. Ājīvahetu ājīvakāraṇā ‘yo te vihāre vasati, so bhikkhu arahā’ti bhaṇati, paṭivijānantassa āpatti thullaccayassa. Ājīvahetu ājīvakāraṇā bhikkhu paṇītabhojanāni agilāno attano atthāya viññāpetvā bhuñjati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Ājīvahetu ājīvakāraṇā bhikkhunī paṇītabhojanāni agilānā attano atthāya viññāpetvā bhuñjati, āpatti pāṭidesanīyassa. Ājīvahetu ājīvakāraṇā bhikkhu sūpaṃ vā odanaṃ vā agilāno attano atthāya viññāpetvā bhuñjati, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti (pari. 287) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Evaṃ pārājikādivasena ṭhapetvā dubbhāsitaṃ ājīvavipattipaccayā cha āpattikkhandhā paññattā. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhivipattipaccayā pācittiyadukkaṭavasena dve āpattikkhandhā paññattā</span>ti samanubhāsanāya pāpikāya diṭṭhiyā appaṭinissajjane ñattiyā dukkaṭaṃ, kammavācāpariyosāne pācittiyanti evaṃ diṭṭhivipattipaccayā <a name="M0.0288"></a> pācittiyadukkaṭavasena dve āpattikkhandhā paññattā. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti vipattikathāsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gaṇanupagatā</span>ti divasagaṇanaṃ upagatabhāvo. Aññehi ‘‘imaṃ cīvaraṃ itthannāmassa demā’’ti parahatthe dinnampi ‘‘na tāva taṃ gaṇanupagaṃ, yāva na hatthaṃ gacchatī’’ti (mahāva. 259) <span class="bld">cammakkhandhake</span> vuttattā yāva āharitvā vā na dinnaṃ, ‘‘tumhākaṃ, bhante, cīvaraṃ uppanna’’nti pahiṇitvā vā anārocitaṃ, tāva divasagaṇanaṃ na upeti, anadhiṭṭhitaṃ vaṭṭati. Yadā pana ānetvā dinnaṃ hoti, ‘‘uppanna’’nti vā sutaṃ, tato paṭṭhāya gaṇanupagaṃ hoti, antodasāhe adhiṭṭhātabbaṃ. Kathinasaññitaṃ samuṭṭhānamassāti <span class="bld">kathinasamuṭṭhānaṃ,</span> tatiyachaṭṭhasamuṭṭhānavasena dvisamuṭṭhānanti attho. Kāyavācāhi kattabbaadhiṭṭhānavikappanānaṃ akaraṇena <span class="bld">kāyavācato,</span> citte pana sati kāyavācācittato ca samuṭṭhātīti vuttaṃ hoti. Anadhiṭṭhānāvikappanavasena āpajjanato <a name="V0.0266"></a> <span class="bld">akiriyaṃ</span>. Ajānantopi āpajjatīti <span class="bld">nosaññāvimokkhaṃ</span>. Kāyadvāre ca vacīdvāre ca kattabbākaraṇato <span class="bld">kāyakammaṃ vacīkammaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="centered">Kathinasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">2. Udositasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhikkhunā</span>ti bhikkhussāti attho, sāmiatthe cetaṃ karaṇavacanaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘purimasikkhāpade viyā’’</span>tiādi. Atha kasmā karaṇavaseneva karaṇavacanassa atthaṃ aggahetvā sāmivasena attho veditabboti āha <span class="bld">‘‘karaṇavasena hī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Hī</span>ti kāraṇatthe nipāto. <span class="bld">Chinnapalibodho</span>ti chinnacīvarāvāsapalibodho. Ekāva ratti <span class="bld">ekarattaṃ,</span> samāsantagatassa atthaṃ. Tiṇṇaṃ cīvarānaṃ samāhāroti <span class="bld">ticīvaraṃ</span>. Tena ticīvarena, tīhi cīvarehīti attho. Ekena vippavutthopi (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.475-476) hi ticīvarena vippavuttho nāma hoti paṭisiddhapariyāpannena vippavutthattā, avayavepi vā samudāyavohārato. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ticīvarādhiṭṭhānanayenā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni <a name="M0.0289"></a> vippavāsalakkhaṇavavatthāpanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘gāmo ekūpacāro’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">nivesana</span>nti udositādīnaṃ vasena akatāya patissayavikatiyā adhivacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Udosito</span>ti (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.482-487) yānādīnaṃ bhaṇḍānaṃ sālā. Yo ‘‘udavasito’’tipi vuccati. <span class="bld">Aṭṭo</span>ti paṭirājādipaṭibāhanatthaṃ iṭṭhakāhi kato bahalabhittiko catupañcabhūmiko patissayaviseso. <span class="bld">‘‘Aṭṭo</span>ti bahalabhittikagehaṃ, yassa gopānasiyo aggahetvā iṭṭhakāhi eva chadanaṃ hotī’’ti apare. ‘‘Aṭṭākārena karīyatī’’tipi vadanti. <span class="bld">Māḷo</span>ti ekakūṭasaṅgahito caturassapāsādo, ekakūṭasaṅgahito vā anekakoṇavanto patissayaviseso. <span class="bld">‘‘Māḷo</span>ti vaṭṭākārena katasenāsana’’nti apare. <span class="bld">Pāsādo</span>ti dīghapāsādo, aḍḍhayogādibhedo aṭṭamāḷahammiyavajjito sabbo vā pāsādo. <span class="bld">Hammiya</span>nti muṇḍacchadanapāsādo. ‘‘Candiyaṅgaṇayutta’’nti apare. <span class="bld">Nāvā</span>ti thalaṭṭhaudakaṭṭhavasena dvidhā nāvā. <span class="bld">Sattho</span>ti jaṅghasattho, sakaṭasattho vā. <span class="bld">Dhaññakaraṇa</span>nti (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.491-494) khalaṃ vuccati. <span class="bld">Ārāmo</span>ti pupphārāmo, phalārāmo vā. <span class="bld">Vihāro</span>ti saparikkhitto vā aparikkhitto vā sakalo āvāso. ‘‘Gehampī’’ti keci. Nivesanādīni cettha gāmato bahi niviṭṭhāni gahitāni. Antogāme ṭhitānaṃ pana gāmaggahaṇeneva gahitattā gāmaparihāroyevāti. ‘‘Nivesanādayo hammiyapariyosānā <a name="V0.0267"></a> gāmaparikkhepato bahi niviṭṭhā’’ti apare. <span class="bld">Hatthapāsātikkame</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">hatthapāso</span> nāma aḍḍhateyyaratanappamāṇo padeso, tassa atikkamo <span class="bld">hatthapāsātikkamo,</span> tasmiṃ hatthapāsātikkame. Hatthapāsabbhantare pana vatthuṃ vaṭṭati. Taṃ pamāṇaṃ atikkamitvā sacepi iddhimā bhikkhu ākāse aruṇaṃ uṭṭhāpeti, nissaggiyameva hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ayaṃ panettha vinicchayo – sace (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.477-478) gāmo ekassa rañño vā bhojakassa vā vasena ekakulassa hoti, pākārādinā parikkhittattā ekūpacāro ca, evarūpe gāme cīvaraṃ nikkhipitvā tasmiṃ gāmabbhantare yathārucitaṭṭhāne vasitabbaṃ, sace aparikkhitto, yasmiṃ ghare cīvaraṃ nikkhittaṃ hoti, tasmiṃ ghare vasitabbaṃ, tassa gharassa samantato hatthapāsā vā na vijahitabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sace <a name="M0.0290"></a> gāmo vesālikusinārādayo viya nānārājūnaṃ vā bhojakānaṃ vā hoti, vuttappakārena parikkhitto ca, evarūpe gāme yasmiṃ ghare cīvaraṃ nikkhittaṃ hoti, tasmiṃ ghare vā vatthabbaṃ, tassa gharassa hatthapāsā vā na vijahitabbaṃ. Yassā vīthiyā gharaṃ hoti, tassā vīthiyā tassa gharassa sammukhāṭṭhāne sabhāyaṃ vā gharadvāre vā vatthabbaṃ, tesaṃ sabhādvārānaṃ hatthapāsā vā na vijahitabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sace so gāmo aparikkhitto, yasmiṃ ghare cīvaraṃ nikkhittaṃ, tattha vā tassa hatthapāse vā vatthabbaṃ. Nivesane pana sace ekakulassa nivesanaṃ hoti, parikkhittañca, antonivesane cīvaraṃ nikkhipitvā antonivesane vatthabbaṃ. Aparikkhittaṃ ce hoti, yasmiṃ gabbhe cīvaraṃ nikkhittaṃ, tasmiṃ vatthabbaṃ, tassa gabbhassa hatthapāsā vā na vijahitabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sace nānākulassa nivesanaṃ hoti, parikkhittañca, yasmiṃ gabbhe cīvaraṃ nikkhittaṃ, tasmiṃ gabbhe vatthabbaṃ, sabbesaṃ sādhāraṇadvāramūle vā tesaṃ gabbhadvāramūlānaṃ hatthapāsā vā na vijahitabbaṃ. Aparikkhittaṃ ce, yasmiṃ gabbhe cīvaraṃ nikkhittaṃ, tasmiṃ gabbhe vatthabbaṃ, tassa gabbhassa hatthapāsā vā na vijahitabbaṃ. Esa nayo <span class="bld">udositā</span>dīsupi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sattho pana jaṅghasattho vā hotu, sakaṭasattho vā. Sace ekakulassa sattho hoti, satthe cīvaraṃ nikkhipitvā purato vā pacchato vā sattabbhantarā na vijahitabbā, passato abbhantaraṃ na vijahitabbaṃ. Sace (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.489) sattho gacchanto gāmaṃ vā nadiṃ vā pariyādiyitvā <a name="V0.0268"></a> tiṭṭhati, antopaviṭṭhena saddhiṃ ekābaddho hutvā orañca pārañca pharitvā ṭhito hoti, satthaparihārova labbhati. Atha gāme vā nadiyā vā pariyāpanno hoti antopaviṭṭho, gāmaparihāro ceva nadiparihāro ca labbhati. Sace vihārasīmaṃ atikkamitvā tiṭṭhati, antosīmāya ca cīvaraṃ hoti, vihāraṃ gantvā vasitabbaṃ. Sace bahisīmāya cīvaraṃ hoti, satthasamīpeyeva vasitabbaṃ. Sace gacchanto sakaṭe vā bhagge, goṇe vā naṭṭhe antarā chijjati, yasmiṃ koṭṭhāse cīvaraṃ nikkhittaṃ, tattha vasitabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Khettepi (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.490) sace ekakulassa khettaṃ hoti, parikkhittañca, antokhette cīvaraṃ nikkhipitvā antokhette vatthabbaṃ. Sace aparikkhittaṃ, hatthapāsā <a name="M0.0291"></a> cīvaraṃ na vijahitabbaṃ. Sace nānākulassa khettaṃ hoti, parikkhittañca, antokhette cīvaraṃ nikkhipitvā khettadvāramūle vā vatthabbaṃ, tassa hatthapāsā vā na vijahitabbaṃ. Sace aparikkhittaṃ, cīvaraṃ hatthapāsā na vijahitabbaṃ. Esa nayo dhaññakaraṇārāmesu dvīsupi. Vihāre pana nivesane vuttasadisova vinicchayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Rukkhamūle pana yaṃ majjhanhike kāle samantā chāyā pharati, tasmiṃ ṭhāne aviraḷe padese tassa chāyāya phuṭṭhokāsassa antoyeva nikkhipitabbaṃ. Sace viraḷasākhassa rukkhassa ātapena phuṭṭhokāse ṭhapeti, aruṇuggamane ca so bhikkhu tassa hatthapāse na hoti, aññasmiṃ ṭhāne tassa chāyāyapi hoti, nissaggiyaṃ hoti. Sace nānākulassa rukkho hoti, cīvarassa hatthapāsā na vijahitabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ajjhokāse pana viñjhāṭaviādīsu araññesupi samuddamajjhe macchabandhānaṃ agamanapathadīpakesupi cīvaraṃ ṭhapetvā tato samantā sattabbhantare padese yattha katthaci vasitabbaṃ, ito aññattha vasanto vippavuttho nāma hotīti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Imassa pana vitthārassa idha avuttattā, <span class="bld">samantapāsādikāya</span>ñca vuttattā <span class="bld">‘‘ayamettha saṅkhepo’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti ‘‘ticīvarena vippavaseyyā’’ti etasmiṃ pade. <span class="bld">Saṅkhepo</span>ti saṅkhepavaṇṇanā. Ettha pana pāḷiyaṃ (pārā. 477) ‘‘gāmo ekūpacāro nānūpacāro’’tiādinā avisesena mātikaṃ nikkhipitvāpi gāmanivesanaudositakhettadhaññakaraṇaārāmavihārānaṃ ekūpacāranānūpacāratā ‘‘gāmo ekūpacāro nāma ekakulassa gāmo hoti parikkhitto ca aparikkhitto cā’’tiādinā (pārā. 478) parikkhittāparikkhittavasena <a name="V0.0269"></a> vibhattā. Aṭṭamāḷapāsādahammiyanāvāsattharukkhamūlaajjhokāsānaṃ pana evaṃ avatvā ‘‘ekakulassa aṭṭo hoti, nānākulassa aṭṭo hotī’’tiādinā (pārā. 484) nayena ekakulanānākulavasena ca ante ‘‘ajjhokāso ekūpacāro nāma agāmake araññe samantā sattabbhantarā ekūpacāro, tato paraṃ nānūpacāroti (pārā. 494) ca evaṃ ekūpacāranānūpacāratā vibhattā. Tasmā gāmādīsu parikkhittaṃ ekūpacāraṃ, aparikkhittaṃ <a name="M0.0292"></a> nānūpacāranti ca, aṭṭādisu yaṃ ekakulassa, taṃ ekūpacāraṃ, yaṃ nānākulassa, taṃ nānūpacāranti ca gahetabbaṃ. Ajjhokāse vuttanayena gahetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Upacāro</span>ti hi ‘‘gāmo ekūpacāro nānūpacāro’’tiādīsu dvāraṃ, ‘‘ajjhokāso ekūpacāro’’ti ettha samantā sattabbhantarasaṅkhātaṃ pamāṇanti apare.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aññatra bhikkhusammutiyā</span>ti bhikkhuno saṅghena dinnā sammuti <span class="bld">bhikkhusammuti,</span> taṃ vināti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ saṅgho’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Avippavāsasammutiṃ detī</span>ti avippavāsā sammuti, avippavāsāya vā sammuti <span class="bld">avippavāsasammuti,</span> taṃ ñattidutiyena kammena detīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Santaruttarenā</span>ti <span class="bld">‘‘antara’’</span>nti antaravāsako vuccati, <span class="bld">‘‘uttara’’</span>nti uttarāsaṅgo, saha antarena uttaraṃ <span class="bld">santaruttaraṃ,</span> tena santaruttarena, saha antaravāsakena uttarāsaṅgenāti attho. <span class="bld">Antoaruṇe paccuddhaṭe</span>ti nivattitvā sampāpuṇitumasakkontena tattheva ṭhatvā anto aruṇe paccuddhaṭe. <span class="bld">Paccāgantabba</span>nti yathā rogo na kuppati, tathā puna cīvarassa ṭhapitaṭṭhānaṃ āgantabbaṃ. Yato paṭṭhāya hi satthaṃ vā pariyesati, ‘‘gacchāmī’’ti ābhogaṃ vā karoti, tato paṭṭhāya vaṭṭati. ‘‘Na dāni gamissāmī’’ti evaṃ pana dhuranikkhepaṃ karontena paccuddharitabbaṃ ‘‘atirekacīvaraṭṭhāne ṭhassatī’’ti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tattheva vā ṭhitena paccuddharitabba’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">So</span>ti yassa sammuti dinnā, so rogo. <span class="bld">Laddhakappiyameva</span> puna sammutidānakiccaṃ natthīti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Adhiṭṭhitacīvaratā</span>ti ticīvarādhiṭṭhānanayena adhiṭṭhitacīvaratā. <span class="bld">Vippavāso</span> nāma yadi baddhasīmāyaṃ cīvaraṃ hoti, tato bahi aruṇuṭṭhāpanaṃ. Atha abaddhasīmāyaṃ, yathāvuttagāmādīnaṃ bahi hatthapāsātikkame aruṇuṭṭhāpanaṃ. Baddhasīmāyaṃ pana yattha katthaci cīvaraṃ ṭhapetvā antosīmāyameva yattha katthaci vasituṃ vaṭṭati. Idha apaccuddharaṇaṃ akiriyāti sambandho.</p>
<p class="centered">Udositasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">3. Akālacīvarasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Purimasikkhāpade <a name="M0.0293"></a><a name="V0.0270"></a> viya etthāpi <span class="bld">bhikkhunā</span>ti sāmiatthe karaṇavacananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘niṭṭhitacīvarasmiṃ bhikkhunā’’</span>tiādi. ‘‘Akālacīvaraṃ nāma anatthate kathine ekādasamāse uppannaṃ, atthate kathine sattamāse uppannaṃ, kālepi ādissa dinnaṃ, etaṃ akālacīvaraṃ nāmā’’ti (pārā. 500) padabhājaniyaṃ vuttattā <span class="bld">‘‘yvāyaṃ anatthate kathine’’</span>tiādimāha. Yvāyaṃ cīvarakālo vuttoti sambandho. <span class="bld">Vassānassā</span>ti vassānasaṅkhātassa utuno. <span class="bld">Pacchimo māso</span> nāma cīvaramāso. Tasmiñhi anatthatepi kathine uppannaṃ cīvaraṃ anadhiṭṭhitaṃ, avikappitaṃ ṭhapetuṃ vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Pañca māsā</span>ti pacchimakattikamāso, hemantikā cattāro cāti pañca māsā. <span class="bld">Aññadā</span>ti anatthate kathine ekādasamāse, atthate kathine sattamāse. <span class="bld">Kālepī</span>ti ‘‘anatthate kathine cīvaramāso, atthate kathine pañca māsā’’ti yathāvuttacīvarakālepi. <span class="bld">‘‘Ādinā nayenā’’</span>ti iminā ‘‘dadāmi dajjāmī’’tiādīnaṃ (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.469) saṅgaho. Kiñcāpi cetāni sabbāni ‘‘akālacīvara’’nti vuttāni, tathāpi piṭṭhisamayeyeva uppannāni ‘‘akālacīvara’’nti idhādhippetāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Kāle saṅghassa idaṃ akālacīvara’’</span>nti dinnaṃ pana akālacīvarasāmaññato atthuddhāravasena vuttaṃ. Yathā piṭṭhisamaye uppannaṃ cīvaraṃ vuṭṭhavassehi, sesehi ca sammukhībhūtehi bhājetuṃ labbhatīti akālacīvaraṃ nāma jātaṃ, tathevidampīti tadidaṃ akālacīvarasāmaññaṃ. Yadi evaṃ ‘‘puggalassa vā idaṃ tuyhaṃ ‘dammī’tiādinā nayena dinna’’nti kasmā vuttaṃ, na hi puggalassa ādissa dinnaṃ kenaci bhājanīyaṃ hotīti? Nāyaṃ virodho, ādissa dānasāmaññato labbhamānamatthaṃ dassetuṃ tathā vuttanti. <span class="bld">Attano vā dhanenā</span>ti attano kappāsasuttādinā dhanena. Imassa ‘‘uppajjeyyā’’ti iminā sambandho veditabbo. <span class="bld">‘‘Sīmāya detī’’</span>tiādi puggalādhiṭṭhānanayena vuttaṃ. Ettha pana sīmāya dānaṃ ekā mātikā, katikāya dānaṃ dutiyā…pe… puggalassa dānaṃ aṭṭhamā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Parikkhepārahaṭṭhānenā’’</span>ti iminā aparikkhittassa vihārassa dhuvasannipātaṭṭhānādito paṭhamaleḍḍupātassa anto upacārasīmāti dasseti. Idāni <a name="M0.0294"></a> dutiyaleḍḍupātassapi anto upacārasīmāyevāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘apicā’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Dhuvasannipātaṭṭhānampi sīmāpariyantagatameva veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Āvāse vaḍḍhante vaḍḍhatī</span>ti sace upacārato abahibhūto hutvā āvāso vaḍḍhatīti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Mahāpaccariyaṃ</span> pana ‘‘bhikkhūsupi vaḍḍhantesu vaḍḍhatī’’ti vuttaṃ. ‘‘Sace <a name="V0.0271"></a> vihāre sannipatitabhikkhūhi saddhiṃ ekābaddhā hutvā yojanasatampi pūretvā nisīdanti, yojanasatampi upacārasīmāva hoti, sabbesaṃ lābho pāpuṇātī’’ti (mahāva. aṭṭha. 379) <span class="bld">samantapāsādikāyaṃ</span> vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhikkhunīnaṃ ārāmapavesanasenāsanāpucchanānī</span>ti āgantukagamikānaṃ bhikkhunīnaṃ ārāmapavesanāpucchanaṃ, senāsanāpucchanañcāti attho. Tathā hi āgantukāya bhikkhuniyā ārāmapavesanaṃ āpucchitabbaṃ, gamikāya saṅghikaṃ dasavidhaṃ senāsanaṃ. Ettha ca kiñcāpi ‘‘bhikkhunīna’’nti vuttaṃ, gamikassa pana bhikkhussāpi imissāyeva sīmāya vasena senāsanāpucchanaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Parivāsamānattārocana</span>nti pārivāsikamānattacārīnaṃ parivāsārocanaṃ, mānattārocanañca. <span class="bld">Vassacchedanissayasenāsanaggāhādividhāna</span>nti vassacchedavidhānaṃ, nissayaggāhavidhānaṃ, senāsanaggāhavidhānanti attho. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena nissayapaṭippassaddhi, lābhaggāho āgantukavattaṃ pūretvā ārāmapavesananti evamādikaṃ saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Imissāva sīmāya vasenā</span>ti upacārasīmāyevāti yathāsambhavaṃ anto, bahi ca imassa sabbassa labbhanato vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Lābhatthāya ṭhapitā sīmā <span class="bld">lābhasīmā</span> (mahāva. 379), sā ca kho neva sammāsambuddhena anuññātā, na dhammasaṅgāhakattherehi ṭhapitā, apica kho lābhadāyakehi. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ rājarājamahāmattādayo’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Samantā</span>ti vihārassa samantā. <span class="bld">Ya</span>nti suṅkasassādi. ‘‘Sīmaṃ ṭhapentī’’ti pāṭhaseso. <span class="bld">Ekassa rañño āṇāpavattiṭṭhāna</span>nti coḷabhogo keraḷabhogoti evaṃ ekekassa rañño āṇāpavattiṭṭhānaṃ. Dvidhā āpo gato etthāti <span class="bld">dīpo,</span> oghena anajjhotthato bhūmibhāgo, sova sīmā <span class="bld">dīpasīmā</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">samuddantenā’’</span>tiādi. Cakkavāḷasīmā cakkavāḷapabbateneva paricchinnāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ekacakkavāḷapabbataparikkhepabbhantaraṃ cakkavāḷasīmā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sesā</span>ti <a name="M0.0295"></a> khaṇḍasīmādayo. <span class="bld">Khaṇḍasīmāya demāti dinna</span>nti khaṇḍasīmāya kenaci kammena sannipatitaṃ saṅghaṃ disvā ‘‘khaṇḍasīmāyaṃ saṅghassa demā’’ti dinnaṃ. Khaṇḍasīmāya ṭhite rukkhe vā pabbate vā ṭhitopi heṭṭhā vā pathavivemajjhagatopi khaṇḍasīmāyeva ṭhitoti veditabbo. <span class="bld">Samānasaṃvāsasīmāya dinna</span>nti ‘‘samānasaṃvāsasīmāya dammī’’ti dinnaṃ. Esa nayo sesesupi. <span class="bld">Khaṇḍasīmā sīmantarikaṭṭhānaṃ na pāpuṇāti</span> tattha samānasaṃvāsasīmāya abhāvatoti adhippāyo. Samānasaṃvāsaavippavāsasīmāsu dinnassa idaṃ nānāttaṃ – ‘‘avippavāsasīmāya dammī’’ti dinnaṃ gāmaṭṭhānaṃ na pāpuṇāti. Kasmā? ‘‘Ṭhapetvā gāmañca gāmūpacārañcā’’ti (mahāva. 144) vuttattā<a name="V0.0272"></a>. ‘‘Samānasaṃvāsasīmāya dammī’’ti dinnaṃ pana gāme ṭhitānampi pāpuṇātīti. <span class="bld">Abbhantarasīmāudakukkhepasīmāsu dinna</span>nti tattha uposathādiatthāya sannipatite disvā ‘‘imissā abbhantarasīmāya demā’’tiādinā dinnaṃ. Janapadaraṭṭharajjadīpacakkavāḷasīmāsupi gāmasīmādīsu vuttasadisova vinicchayoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘janapadasīmādīsū’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Ekopi gantvā sabbesaṃ saṅgaṇhituṃ labhatī</span>ti ekopi gantvā idha vassaggena bhājetvā gahetvā āgantuṃ labhatīti attho. <span class="bld">Eko</span>ti sabhāgo eko bhikkhu, ayampi bhāgameva gahetuṃ labhati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sabhāgānaṃ bhāgaṃ gaṇhātī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ tāva yo sīmaṃ parāmasitvā deti, tassa dāne vinicchayaṃ vatvā idāni yo ‘‘asukasīmāyā’’ti vattuṃ na jānāti, kevalaṃ ‘‘sīmā’’ti vacanamattameva jānanto vihāraṃ āgantvā ‘‘sīmāya dammī’’ti vā ‘‘sīmaṭṭhakasaṅghassa dammī’’ti vā bhaṇati, tattha vinicchayaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yo pana vihāraṃ pavisitvā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Katara</span>nti katarasīmaṃ. <span class="bld">Ahametaṃ bhedaṃ na jānāmī</span>ti ahaṃ ‘‘asukā sīmā’’ti etaṃ vibhāgaṃ na jānāmi. <span class="bld">Upacārasīmaṭṭhehi bhājetabbaṃ</span> lābhassa upacārasīmāya paricchinnattāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Sā</span>ti samānalābhakatikā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yattha mayhaṃ dhuvakārā karīyantī</span>ti (mahāva. aṭṭha. 379) ettha yasmiṃ vihāre tassa cīvaradāyakassa santakaṃ saṅghassa pākavattaṃ vā vattati. Yasmiṃ vihāre bhikkhū attano bhāraṃ katvā sadā gehe bhojeti, yattha vā anena āvāso vā kārito, salākabhattādīni vā nibaddhāni, ime <span class="bld">dhuvakārā</span> <a name="M0.0296"></a> nāma. Yena pana sakalopi vihāro patiṭṭhāpito, tattha vattabbameva natthi. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yattha tassa pākavattaṃ vā vattatī’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">pākavatta</span>nti dānavattaṃ. <span class="bld">Vattatī</span>ti pavattati. <span class="bld">Yato</span>ti yasmā vihārā. <span class="bld">Yatthā</span>ti yasmiṃ vihāre. <span class="bld">Sabbatthā</span>ti sabbesu vihāresu. <span class="bld">Mātikaṃ āropetvā</span>ti ekasmiṃ vihāre bhikkhū bahutarā, ekasmiṃ thokatarā, ekañca vatthaṃ, dhuvakāraṭṭhānañca bahukaṃ, kattha demāti pucchitvā, yadi pana mañco vā pīṭhaṃ vā ekameva hoti, taṃ pucchitvā yassa vā vihārassa, ekavihārepi vā yassa senāsanassa so vicāreti, tattha dātabbaṃ. Sacepi ‘‘asukabhikkhu gaṇhatū’’ti vadati, vaṭṭati. Atha ‘‘mayhaṃ dhuvakāre dethā’’ti vatvā avicāretvāva gacchati, saṅghassapi vicāretuṃ vaṭṭati. Evaṃ pana vicāretabbaṃ – ‘‘saṅghattherassa vasanaṭṭhāne dethā’’ti vattabbaṃ. Sace tattha senāsanaṃ paripuṇṇaṃ hoti, yattha nappahoti, tattha dātabbaṃ. Sace eko bhikkhu ‘‘mayhaṃ vasanaṭṭhāne senāsanaparibhogabhaṇḍaṃ natthī’’ti vadati, tattha dātabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saṅghassa</span> <a name="V0.0273"></a> <span class="bld">dammīti dinna</span>nti ‘‘imāni cīvarāni saṅghassa dammī’’ti evaṃ dinnaṃ. <span class="bld">Tato bahiddhāpī</span>ti upacārasīmāto bahiddhāpi. <span class="bld">Tehi saddhi</span>nti upacārasīmāgatehi saddhiṃ. <span class="bld">Ekābaddhānañca pāpuṇāti</span> parisāvasena vaḍḍhitā sīmā hotīti katvāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā upacārasīmāgatānaṃ pāpuṇāti, yasmā ca tato bahiddhāpi upacārasīmokkantehi ekābaddhānaṃ pāpuṇāti, tasmā. <span class="bld">Tesa</span>nti upacārasīmāgatānaṃ, tato bahiddhā tehi saddhiṃ ekābaddhānañca. <span class="bld">Gāhate satī</span>ti antevāsikādike gaṇhante sati. <span class="bld">Asampattānampī</span>ti upacārasīmāyaṃ ṭhitehi ghaṇṭiṃ paharitvā kālaṃ ghosetvā lābhabhājanaṭṭhānaṃ asampattānampi upacārasīmāya paviṭṭhānaṃ, tehi vā saddhiṃ ekābaddhānaṃ hutvā attano vihāradvāre vā antovihāreyeva vā ṭhitānañcāti attho. <span class="bld">Bhāgo dātabbo</span>ti saṅghanavakassa dinnepīti adhippāyo. Dutiyabhāge pana therāsanaṃ āruḷhe āgatānaṃ paṭhamabhāgo na pāpuṇāti. Dutiyabhāgato vassaggena dātabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sace pana ‘‘bahiupacārasīmāyaṃ ṭhitānaṃ dethā’’ti vadanti, na dātabbaṃ. Yadi pana vihāro mahā hoti, therāsanato paṭṭhāya vatthesu dīyamānesu <a name="M0.0297"></a> alasajātikā mahātherā pacchā āgacchanti, ‘‘bhante, vīsativassānaṃ dīyati, tumhākaṃ ṭhitikā atikkantā’’ti na vattabbā. Ṭhitikaṃ ṭhapetvā tesaṃ datvā pacchā ṭhitikāya dātabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Asukavihāre kira bahucīvaraṃ uppanna’’nti sutvā yojanantarikavihāratopi bhikkhū āgacchanti, sampattasampattānaṃ ṭhitaṭṭhānato paṭṭhāya dātabbaṃ, ayamettha saṅkhepo. Vitthāro pana <span class="bld">samantapāsādikāya</span> cīvarakkhandhakavaṇṇanāyaṃ (mahāva. aṭṭha. 379) vuttanayena veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ vihāraṃ pavisitvā ‘‘imāni cīvarāni saṅghassa dammī’’ti dinnesu vinicchayaṃ vatvā idāni bahiupacārasīmāyaṃ bhikkhuṃ disvā ‘‘saṅghassa dammī’’ti dinnesu vinicchayaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ panā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ekābaddhaparisāya pāpuṇātī</span>ti sace yojanaṃ pharitvā parisā ṭhitā hoti, ekābaddhā ce, sabbesaṃ pāpuṇātīti attho. Ekābaddhatā cettha dvādasahatthabbhantarato paricchinditabbā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ye panā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ubhatosaṅghassa dinna</span>nti (mahāva. aṭṭha. 379) ‘‘ubhatosaṅghassa dammī’’ti dinnaṃ. ‘‘Dvedhāsaṅghassa dammi, dvinnaṃ saṅghānaṃ dammi, bhikkhusaṅghassa ca bhikkhunisaṅghassa ca dammī’’ti vuttepi ubhatosaṅghassa dinnameva hoti. <span class="bld">Upaḍḍhaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ, upaḍḍhaṃ bhikkhunīnaṃ dātabba</span>nti dve bhāge same <a name="V0.0274"></a> katvā eko bhāgo bhikkhūnaṃ, eko bhāgo bhikkhunīnaṃ dātabbo. <span class="bld">Gahetuṃ labhati</span> ubhatosaṅghaggahaṇena gahitattāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Cetiyassā</span>ti thūpādino. Tañhi dhātāyatanādibhāvena citattā, lokassa cittīkāraṭṭhānatāya ca <span class="bld">‘‘cetiya’’</span>nti vuccati. Na koci visesoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘idha pana cetiyassā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Ubhatosaṅghassa ca tuyhañca cetiyassa cā’’ti vutte pana dvāvīsatikoṭṭhāse katvā dasa bhikkhūnaṃ, dasa bhikkhunīnaṃ, eko puggalassa, eko cetiyassa dātabbo. Tattha puggalo saṅghatopi attano vassaggena puna gahetuṃ labhati, cetiyassa ekoyeva. Ayaṃ pana vāro yathāvutteneva nayena ñāyatīti katvā idha na vutto. <span class="bld">Samantapāsādikāyaṃ</span> (mahāva. aṭṭha. 379) pana vuttoyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na</span> <a name="M0.0298"></a> <span class="bld">majjhe bhinditvā dātabbaṃ</span> ‘‘bhikkhunīna’’nti puggalikavasena vuttattā. <span class="bld">Puggalo visuṃ na labhatī</span>ti pubbe viya visuṃ puggalikakoṭṭhāsaṃ na labhati. <span class="bld">Pāpuṇanaṭṭhānato ekameva labhatī</span>ti attano vassaggena pattabbaṭṭhānato ekameva koṭṭhāsaṃ labhati. Kasmā? Bhikkhusaṅghaggahaṇena gahitattā. ‘‘Bhikkhusaṅghassa ca bhikkhunīnañca tuyhañca cetiyassa cā’’ti vuttepi cetiyassa ekapuggalapaṭivīso labbhati, puggalassa visuṃ na labbhati. Tasmā ekaṃ cetiyassa datvā avasesaṃ bhikkhū ca bhikkhuniyo ca gaṇetvā bhājetabbaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘cetiyassa cāti vutte panā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tehi saddhiṃ puggalacetiyaparāmasanaṃ anantaranayasadisamevā</span>ti tehi bhikkhūhi bhikkhunīhi saddhiṃ puggalassa ca cetiyassa ca gahaṇaṃ anantaranayasadisamevāti attho. ‘‘Bhikkhūnañca bhikkhunīnañca tuyhañca, bhikkhūnañca bhikkhunīnañca cetiyassa ca, bhikkhūnañca bhikkhunīnañca tuyhañca cetiyassa cā’’ti vuttepi cetiyassa ekapaṭivīso labbhati, puggalassa visuṃ natthi, bhikkhū ca bhikkhuniyo ca gaṇetvāva bhājetabbanti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Puggalassa visuṃ na labbhatī</span>ti puggalassa visuṃ paṭivīso na labbhati, vassaggena ekova labbhatīti attho. ‘‘Bhikkhusaṅghassa ca cetiyassa cā’’ti vutte pana cetiyassa visuṃ paṭivīso labbhatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘cetiyassa pana labbhatī’’</span>ti. ‘‘Bhikkhusaṅghassa ca tuyhañca cetiyassa cā’’ti vuttepi cetiyasseva visuṃ labbhati, na puggalassa. <span class="bld">Cetiyassa pana labbhatiyevā</span>ti ‘‘bhikkhūnañca cetiyassa cā’’ti vutte pana cetiyassa visuṃ paṭivīso labbhatīti <a name="V0.0275"></a> attho. ‘‘Bhikkhūnañca tuyhañca cetiyassa cā’’ti vuttepi cetiyasseva visuṃ labbhati, na puggalassa. Bhikkhunisaṅghaṃ ādiṃ katvāpi evameva yojetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Etthāha – yaṃ panetarahi (mahāva. aṭṭha. 379) paṇḍitamanussā sadhātukaṃ paṭimaṃ vā cetiyaṃ vā ṭhapetvā buddhappamukhassa ubhatosaṅghassa dānaṃ denti, paṭimāya vā cetiyassa vā purato ādhārake pattaṃ ṭhapetvā dakkhiṇodakaṃ datvā ‘‘buddhānaṃ demā’’ti, tattha yaṃ paṭhamaṃ khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ denti, vihāraṃ vā āharitvā ‘‘idaṃ cetiyassa demā’’ti piṇḍapātañca mālāgandhādīni ca denti, tattha kathaṃ paṭipajjitabbanti? Vuccate – mālāgandhādīni tāva cetiye āropetabbāni, vatthehi paṭākā, telena <a name="M0.0299"></a> padīpā kātabbā, piṇḍapātamadhuphāṇitādīni pana yo nibaddhacetiyajaggako hoti pabbajito vā gahaṭṭho vā, tassa dātabbāni. Nibaddhajaggake asati āhaṭabhattaṃ ṭhapetvā vattaṃ katvā paribhuñjituṃ vaṭṭati. Upakaṭṭhe kāle bhuñjitvā pacchāpi vattaṃ kātuṃ vaṭṭatiyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Mālāgandhādīsu ca yaṃ kiñci ‘‘idaṃ haritvā cetiyapūjaṃ karothā’’ti vutte dūrampi haritvā pūjetabbaṃ. ‘‘Bhikkhusaṅghassa harā’’ti vuttepi haritabbaṃ. Sace pana ‘‘ahaṃ piṇḍāya carāmi, āsanasālāyaṃ bhikkhū atthi, te harissantī’’ti vutte ‘‘bhante, tuyhaṃyeva dammī’’ti vadati, bhuñjituṃ vaṭṭati. Atha pana ‘‘bhikkhusaṅghassa dassāmī’’ti harantassa gacchato antarāva kālo upakaṭṭho hoti, attano pāpetvā bhuñjituṃ vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vassaṃvuṭṭhasaṅghassa dammīti vadatī</span>ti (mahāva. aṭṭha. 379) ‘‘vassaṃvuṭṭhasaṅghassa imāni cīvarāni dammī’’ti vadati. <span class="bld">Tesaṃ bahisīmaṭṭhānampi pāpuṇātī</span>ti atthate kathine bahisīmaṭṭhānampi yāva kathinassa ubbhārā pāpuṇāti, tasmā disāpakkantassāpi sati paṭiggāhake dātabbaṃ. Anatthate pana kathine antohemante, evañca pana vatvā dinnaṃ pacchimavassaṃvuṭṭhānampi pāpuṇāti. <span class="bld">Yattha katthacī</span>ti yesu kesuci vihāresu. <span class="bld">Evaṃ vadatī</span>ti ‘‘vassaṃvuṭṭhasaṅghassa dammī’’ti vadati. Tatra sammukhībhūtānaṃ sabbesaṃ pāpuṇāti piṭṭhisamaye uppannattā. Sace pana ‘‘vassaṃ vasantānaṃ dammī’’ti vadati, antovasseyeva vassaṃ vasantāva labhanti, chinnavassā na labhanti. Cīvaramāse pana ‘‘vassaṃ vasantānaṃ dammī’’ti vutte pacchimikāya vassūpagatānaṃyeva pāpuṇāti, purimikāya vassūpagatānañca chinnavassānañca na pāpuṇāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Cīvaramāsato paṭṭhāya yāva hemantassa pacchimo divaso, tāva ‘‘vassāvāsikaṃ demā’’ti vutte <a name="V0.0276"></a> kathinaṃ atthataṃ vā hotu, anatthataṃ vā, atītavassaṃvuṭṭhānaṃyeva pāpuṇāti. Gimhānaṃ paṭhamadivasato paṭṭhāya vutte pana mātikā āropetabbā ‘‘atītavassāvāsassa pañca māsā atikkantā, anāgato catumāsaccayena bhavissati, kataravassāvāsassa desī’’ti. Sace ‘‘atītavassaṃvuṭṭhānaṃ dammī’’ti vadati, taṃantovassaṃvuṭṭhānameva pāpuṇāti, disā pakkantānampi sabhāgā gaṇhituṃ labhanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sace <a name="M0.0300"></a> ‘‘anāgate vassāvāsikaṃ dammī’’ti vadati, taṃ ṭhapetvā vassūpanāyikadivase gahetabbaṃ. Atha ‘‘agutto vihāro, corabhayaṃ atthi, na sakkā ṭhapetuṃ, gaṇhitvā vā āhiṇḍitu’’nti vutte ‘‘sampattānaṃ dammī’’ti vadati, bhājetvā gahetabbaṃ. Sace vadati ‘‘ito me, bhante, tatiye vasse vassāvāsikaṃ na dinnaṃ, taṃ dammī’’ti, tasmiṃ antovasse vuṭṭhabhikkhūnaṃ pāpuṇāti. Sace te disā pakkantā, añño vissāsiko gaṇhāti, dātabbaṃ. Atha ekoyeva avasiṭṭho, sesā kālaṅkatā, sabbaṃ ekasseva pāpuṇāti. Sace ekopi natthi, saṅghikaṃ hoti, sammukhībhūtehi bhājitabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yehi nimantitehi yāgu pītā</span>ti (mahāva. aṭṭha. 379) nimantitehi yehi bhikkhūhi yāgu pītā, yehi pana bhikkhācāravattena gharadvārena gacchantehi vā gharaṃ paviṭṭhehi vā yāgu laddhā, yesaṃ vā āsanasālato pattaṃ āharitvā manussehi nītā, yesaṃ vā therehi pesitā, tesaṃ na pāpuṇāti. Sace pana nimantitabhikkhūhi saddhiṃ aññepi bahū āgantvā antogehañca bahigehañca pūretvā nisinnā, dāyako ca evaṃ vadati ‘‘nimantitā vā hontu, animantitā vā, yesaṃ mayā yāgu dinnā, sabbesaṃ imāni vatthāni hontū’’ti, sabbesaṃ pāpuṇāti. Yehi pana therānaṃ hatthato yāgu laddhā, tesaṃ na pāpuṇāti. Atha so ‘‘yehi mayhaṃ yāgu pītā, sabbesaṃ hotū’’ti vadati, sabbesaṃ pāpuṇāti. <span class="bld">Bhattakhajjakādīhī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">ādi</span>saddenapi cīvarasenāsanabhesajjānaṃ gahaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Puggalassā</span>ti (mahāva. aṭṭha. 379) sammukhāsammukhabhūtassa puggalassa. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘idaṃ cīvara’’</span>ntiādi. Sace pana ‘‘idaṃ tumhākañceva tumhākaṃ antevāsikānañca dammī’’ti evaṃ vadati, therassa ca antevāsikānañca pāpuṇāti. Uddesaṃ gahetuṃ āgato, gahetvā gacchanto ca atthi, tassāpi pāpuṇāti. Tumhehi saddhiṃ nibaddhacārikabhikkhūnaṃ dammī’’ti vutte uddesantevāsikānaṃ vattaṃ katvā uddesaparipucchādīni gahetvā vicarantānaṃ sabbesaṃ pāpuṇāti. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti aṭṭhasu mātikāsu. Yadi pana ayamettha saṅkhepakathā, vitthāro pana kathaṃ ñātabboti āha <a name="V0.0277"></a> <span class="bld">‘‘samantapāsādikāyaṃ vutto’’</span>ti. Samantapāsādikāyaṃ cīvarakkhandhakavaṇṇanāyaṃ (mahāva. aṭṭha. 379) vuttoti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Ñātakehi <a name="M0.0301"></a> vā me cīvaratthāya pesitaṃ, mittehi vā pesitaṃ, te ābhate cīvare dassantī’’ti evaṃ ñātito vā mittato vā paccāsā hotīti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Kappiyabhaṇḍenā</span>ti kappāsasuttādinā attano dhanena. <span class="bld">Saṇha</span>nti sukhumaṃ. <span class="bld">Aññaṃ paccāsācīvaraṃ labhitvā eva kālabbhantare kāretabba</span>nti aññaṃ mūlacīvarasadisaṃ paccāsācīvaraṃ labhitvāyeva māsabbhantare kāretabbaṃ. Tañca kho satiyāyeva paccāsāya, asatiyā pana paccāsāya mūlacīvaraṃ dasāhaṃ ce sampattaṃ, tadaheva adhiṭṭhātabbaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sace na labhatī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Paccāsācīvarampi parikkhāracoḷaṃ adhiṭṭhātabba</span>nti paṭhamataraṃ uppannaṃ thūlapaccāsācīvarampi sandhāya vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Pi</span>-saddena na kevalaṃ mūlacīvaramevāti dasseti.</p>
<p class="centered">Akālacīvarasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">4. Purāṇacīvarasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Amhākameva ñātī’’ti ñāyatīti <span class="bld">ñāti,</span> sāva <span class="bld">ñātikā,</span> na ñātikā <span class="bld">aññātikā,</span> tāya aññātikāya. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘na ñātikāyā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Mātito vā pitito vā</span>ti mātipakkhato vā pitipakkhato vā. <span class="bld">Yāva sattamaṃ yuga</span>nti (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.503-505) yāva sattamassa purisassa, sattamāya vā itthiyā āyuppamāṇaṃ, yāva pitāmahayugaṃ pitāmahiyugaṃ mātāmahayugaṃ mātāmahiyuganti vuttaṃ hoti. Atha vā <span class="bld">yāva sattamaṃ yuga</span>nti yāva sattamadvandanti attho. <span class="bld">Yuga</span>saddo cettha ekasesanayena daṭṭhabbo ‘‘yugo ca yugo ca <span class="bld">yugā’’</span>ti. Evañhi tattha tattha dvandaṃ gahitaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Kenaci ākārena asambaddhāyā</span>ti bhātubhaginibhāgineyyaputtapaputtādīsu yena kenaci ākārena asambaddhāya. Pitā, pitupitā, tassa pitā, tassāpi pitāti evaṃ yāva sattamā yugā, pitā, pitumātā, tassā pitā ca mātā ca bhātā ca bhaginī ca, puttā ca, dhītaro cāti evampi uddhañca adho ca yāva sattamā yugā, pitā, pitubhātā, pitubhaginī, pituputtā, pitudhītaro, tesampi puttadhītuparamparāti evampi yāva sattamā yugā, mātā, mātumātā, tassā mātā, tassāpi mātāti evaṃ yāva sattamā yugā, mātā, mātupitā, tassa pitā ca mātā ca bhātā ca bhaginī ca puttā ca dhītaro cāti evampi uddhañca adho <a name="M0.0302"></a> ca yāva sattamā yugā, mātā, mātubhātā, mātubhaginī, mātuputtā, mātudhītaro<a name="V0.0278"></a>, tesampi puttadhītuparamparāti evampi yāva sattamā yugā, tāva neva mātusambandhena, na pitusambandhena yā sambaddhā, sā <span class="bld">‘‘aññātikā nāmā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sākiyāniyo viyā</span>ti pañcasatamattā sākiyāniyo viya. Nidassanamattañcetaṃ, tasmā bhikkhubhāve ṭhatvā parivattaliṅgā bhikkhuniyopi idha suddhabhikkhusaṅghe ‘‘upasampannā’’ icceva veditabbā. <span class="bld">Ubhatosaṅghe vā</span>ti bhikkhunisaṅghe ñatticatutthena, bhikkhusaṅghe ñatticatutthenāti evaṃ ubhatosaṅghe vā. <span class="bld">Purāṇacīvara</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">cīvara</span>nti nivāsanapārupanupagameva adhippetanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘rajitvā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Kappaṃ katvā</span>ti kappabinduṃ datvā. ‘‘Iminā adinnakappaṃ pācittiyavatthu na hotīti dassetī’’ti (sārattha. ṭī. 2.505) vadanti. <span class="bld">Paribhogasīsenā</span>ti kāyena phusitvā paribhogasīsena. <span class="bld">Aṃse</span>ti jattumhi. <span class="bld">Matthake</span>ti sīsamatthake. Sace pana paccattharaṇassa heṭṭhā katvā nipajjati, hatthehi vā ukkhipitvā ākāse vitānaṃ katvā sīsena asamphusanto gacchati, ayaṃ paribhogo nāma na hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāyavikāraṃ vā karotī</span>ti yathā sā ‘‘dhovāpetukāmo aya’’nti jānāti, evaṃ kāyavikāraṃ karoti. <span class="bld">‘‘Antodvādasahatthe okāse ṭhatvā upari vā khipatī’’</span>ti iminā upacāraṃ muñcitvā orato khipantassa anāpattīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Aññassa vā hatthe pesetī</span>ti antodvādasahatthe okāse ṭhatvā sikkhamānasāmaṇerasāmaṇeriupāsakaitthiyādīsu yassa kassaci aññassa hatthe vā peseti. <span class="bld">So</span>ti upāsako ca sāmaṇero ca. <span class="bld">Upasampajjitvā dhovatī</span>ti ettha upāsako liṅge parivatte bhikkhunīsu pabbajitvā upasampajjitvā dhovati, sāmaṇero liṅge parivatte bhikkhunīsu upasampajjitvā dhovatīti yathāyogaṃ attho gahetabbo. Sace pana bhikkhuniyā hatthe dinnaṃ hoti, sace liṅge parivatte dhovati, vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca ekassa tikkhattuṃ nissajjanābhāvato tīṇipi kārentassa ekena nissaggiyaṃ, dvīhi dve dukkaṭāni. Dve kārentassa ekena nissaggiyaṃ, dutiyena dukkaṭaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘dhovanādīni tīṇī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">‘‘Ekena vatthunā’’</span>ti <a name="M0.0303"></a> paṭhamaṃ katvā niṭṭhāpitaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Sace pana ‘‘imaṃ cīvaraṃ rajitvā dhovitvā ānehī’’ti vutte sā bhikkhunī paṭhamaṃ dhovitvā pacchā rajati, nissaggiyena dukkaṭameva, evaṃ sabbesu viparītavacanesu nayo netabbo. Sace pana ‘‘dhovitvā ānehī’’ti vuttā dhovati ceva rajati ca, dhovāpanapaccayā eva āpatti, rajane anāpatti. Evaṃ sabbattha. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sace pana‘dhovā’ti vuttā’’</span>tiādi. Bhikkhūnaṃ vasena ekato upasampannāya dhovāpentassa yathāvatthukamevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘bhikkhunisaṅghavasenā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aññassa</span> <a name="V0.0279"></a> <span class="bld">vā santaka</span>nti aññassa santakaṃ purāṇacīvaraṃ dhovāpentassāti attho. <span class="bld">Nisīdanapaccattharaṇa</span>nti aññassa vā attano vā santakaṃ nisīdanañceva paccattharaṇañca. Nivāsanapārupanupagasseva ca idha ‘‘purāṇacīvara’’nti adhippetattā attano santakampi nisīdanapaccattharaṇaṃ dhovāpentassa dukkaṭameva hoti, na nissaggiyaṃ. <span class="bld">Avuttā vā dhovatī</span>ti uddesāya vā ovādāya vā āgatā kiliṭṭhacīvaraṃ disvā ṭhapitaṭṭhānato vā gahetvā, ‘‘detha ayya, dhovissāmī’’ti āharāpetvā vā dhovati ceva rajati ca ākoṭeti ca, ayaṃ <span class="bld">avuttā dhovati</span> nāma. Yāpi ‘‘imaṃ cīvaraṃ dhovā’’ti daharaṃ vā sāmaṇeraṃ vā āṇāpentassa bhikkhuno vacanaṃ sutvā ‘‘āharathayya, ahaṃ dhovissāmī’’ti dhovati, tāvakālikaṃ vā gahetvā dhovitvā rajitvā deti, ayampi <span class="bld">avuttā dhovati</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aññaṃ vā parikkhāra</span>nti upāhanatthavikapattatthavikaaṃsabaddhakakāyabandhanamañcapīṭhataṭṭikādiṃ yaṃ kiñci. <span class="bld">‘‘Upacāre ṭhatvā’’</span>ti vacanato pesitvā dhovanepi anāpatti. <span class="bld">Upacāre</span>ti antodvādasahatthe okāse.</p>
<p class="centered">Purāṇacīvarasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">5. Cīvarappaṭiggahaṇasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Channa</span>nti khomādīnaṃ channaṃ cīvarānaṃ majjhe. <span class="bld">Upacāraṃ muñcitvā</span>ti dvādasahatthūpacāraṃ muñcitvā. <span class="bld">Pi</span>-saddena dhammakathaṃ kathentassa catasso parisā cīvarāni ca nānāvirāgavatthāni ca āharitvā pādamūle ṭhapenti, upacāre vā ṭhatvā upari khipanti, <span class="bld">‘‘sace sādiyati, paṭiggahitamevā’’</span>ti ettha vattabbameva <a name="M0.0304"></a> natthīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Khipatū</span>ti divā vā rattibhāge vā khipatu. <span class="bld">Paṭiggahitameva hotī</span>ti kiñcāpi ‘‘idaṃ bhikkhuniyā, idaṃ aññesa’’nti ñātuṃ na sakkā, tathāpi acittakabhāvena gahitameva hoti. <span class="bld">Yassa kassaci pana anupasampannassā</span>ti sikkhamānasāmaṇerasāmaṇeriupāsakaupāsikādīsu yassa kassaci anupasampannassa. <span class="bld">Ṭhapita</span>nti bhikkhuniyā ṭhapitaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṃsukūlaṃ adhiṭṭhahitvā</span>ti ‘‘assāmikaṃ ida’’nti saññaṃ uppādetvā. Assāmikañhi ‘‘paṃsukūla’’nti vuccati. Iminā ‘‘amhākamatthāya ṭhapita’’ntiādikāya saññāya gahetuṃ na vaṭṭatīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Aññatra pārivattakā</span>ti parivattetabbaṃ <span class="bld">parivattaṃ,</span> parivattameva <span class="bld">pārivattakaṃ,</span> parivattetvā diyyamānaṃ, taṃ vināti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ antamaso harīṭakakkhaṇḍampī’’</span>tiādi. <a name="V0.0280"></a> <span class="bld">Ābhogaṃ katvā</span>ti cittena samannāharitvā. Sace bhikkhunī vassāvāsikampi deti, tampi yathāvuttavidhānaṃ akatvā gahetuṃ na vaṭṭatīti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭilābhenā</span>ti gahaṇena. <span class="bld">Tikapācittiya</span>nti tīṇi parimāṇāni assāti <span class="bld">tikaṃ,</span>tikañca taṃ pācittiyañcāti <span class="bld">tikapācittiyaṃ,</span> aññātikāya ñātikasaññivematikaaññātikasaññīnaṃ vasena tīṇi pācittiyānīti attho. <span class="bld">Ekatoupasampannāyā</span>ti bhikkhunīnaṃ santike upasampannāya. Tāya hi hatthato aññatra pārivattakā cīvaraṃ paṭiggaṇhantassa dukkaṭaṃ, bhikkhūnaṃ santike upasampannāya pana pācittiyameva. <span class="bld">‘‘Pattatthavikādimhi ca anadhiṭṭhātabbaparikkhāre’’</span>ti iminā bhisicchavimpi saṅgaṇhāti. Sā hi mahantāpi senāsanasaṅgahitattā cīvarasaṅkhaṃ na gacchatīti neva adhiṭṭhānupagā, na vikappanupagā ca. Vuttañhi <span class="bld">samantapāsādikāyaṃ</span> ‘‘sacepi mañcappamāṇā bhisicchavi hoti, vaṭṭatiyevā’’ti (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.514). ‘‘Hatthato cīvaraṃ paṭiggaṇhātī’’ti vacanato pana aññātikāya bhikkhuniyā pesitaggahaṇepi anāpatti. Paṭiggahaṇato, parivattanākaraṇato ca <span class="bld">kiriyākiriyaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="centered">Cīvarappaṭiggahaṇasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">6. Aññātakaviññattisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Gehassa <a name="M0.0305"></a> pati jeṭṭhoti <span class="bld">gahapati,</span> taṃ gahapatiṃ, idha pana apabbajito yo koci manusso adhippeto. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘bhikkhūsu apabbajitamanussa’’</span>nti. Eseva nayo <span class="bld">gahapatāni</span>nti etthāpi. <span class="bld">‘‘Viññāpeyyā’’</span>ti idaṃ suddhakattuatthe ca hetukattuatthe ca vattatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yāceyya vā yācāpeyya vā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Yācāpana</span>ñcettha attano atthāyevāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Evañca pana katvā ‘‘anāṇattika’’nti idaṃ samatthitaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Aññatra samayā</span>ti sameti ettha, etena vā saṃgacchati satto, sabhāvadhammo vā sahajātādīhi, uppādādīhi vāti <span class="bld">samayo,</span> kālo, dhammappavattimattatāya atthato abhūtopi hi kālo dhammappavattiyā adhikaraṇaṃ, karaṇaṃ viya ca kappanāmattasiddhena rūpena voharīyati, taṃ samayaṃ ṭhapetvāti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yo acchinnacīvaro vā hotī’’</span>tiādi. Tattha rājādīsu yehi kehici acchinnaṃ cīvaraṃ etassāti <span class="bld">acchinnacīvaro</span>. Yathāha ‘‘acchinnacīvaro nāma bhikkhussa cīvaraṃ acchinnaṃ hoti, rājūhi vā corehi vā dhuttehi vā yehi kehici vā acchinnaṃ hotī’’ti. Aggiādīsu yena kenaci naṭṭhaṃ cīvarametassāti <span class="bld">naṭṭhacīvaro</span>. Yathāha ‘‘naṭṭhacīvaro nāma bhikkhussa cīvaraṃ agginā vā daḍḍhaṃ hoti, udakena vā vūḷhaṃ hoti, undūrehi vā upacikāhi vā khāyitaṃ hoti<a name="V0.0281"></a>, paribhogajiṇṇaṃ vā hotī’’ti (pārā. 519). <span class="bld">Samayā</span>ti aññatrasaddāpekkhāya upayogatthe nissakkavacananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘taṃ samaya’’nti. Aññasmi</span>nti aññasmiṃ samaye.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tikapācittiya</span>nti aññātake aññātakasaññivematikaññātakasaññīnaṃ vasena tīṇi pācittiyāni. <span class="bld">Samaye</span>ti yathāvutte acchinnacīvarakāle ca naṭṭhacīvarakāle ca. <span class="bld">Ñātakappavārite vā viññāpentassā</span>ti ñātake, pavārite ca ‘‘tumhākaṃ santhataṃ dethā’’ti yācantassa. Ettha (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.521) ca saṅghavasena pavārite pamāṇameva yācituṃ vaṭṭati, puggalikavasena pavārite pana yaṃ yaṃ pavārenti, taṃ tameva viññāpetabbaṃ. Yo hi catūhi paccayehi pavāretvā sayameva sallakkhetvā kālānukālaṃ cīvarādīni divase divase yāgubhattādīni deti, evaṃ yena yena attho, taṃ taṃ deti, tassa viññāpanakiccaṃ natthi. Yo pana pavāretvā bālatāya <a name="M0.0306"></a> vā satisammosena vā na deti, so viññāpetabbo. Yo ‘‘mayhaṃ gehaṃ pavāremī’’ti vadati, tassa gehaṃ gantvā yathāsukhaṃ nisīditabbaṃ nipajjitabbaṃ, na kiñci gahetabbaṃ. Yo pana ‘‘yaṃ mayhaṃ gehe atthi, taṃ pavāremī’’ti vadati, yaṃ tattha kappiyaṃ, taṃ viññāpetabbaṃ. Gehe pana nisīdituṃ vā nipajjituṃ vā na labbhati. <span class="bld">Tassevatthāyā</span>ti ‘‘aññassā’’ti laddhavohārassa tasseva buddharakkhitassa vā dhammarakkhitassa vā atthāya. <span class="bld">Attano dhanena gaṇhantassā</span>ti attano kappiyabhaṇḍena kappiyavohāreneva gaṇhantassa cetāpentassa, parivattāpentassāti attho.</p>
<p class="centered">Aññātakaviññattisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">7. Tatuttarisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Taṃ</span>-saddo cettha pakatatthavacano. <span class="bld">Ce</span>ti nipātamattaṃ. <span class="bld">Ce</span>ti vā yadīti attho, tassa ‘‘pavāreyyā’’ti iminā sambandho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Pavāreyya ce</span>ti yadi pavāreyyāti attho. <span class="bld">‘‘Abhīti upasaggo’’</span>ti (sārattha. ṭī. 2.523-524) iminā tassa atthavisesābhāvaṃ dasseti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘haritunti attho’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Pavāra</span>saddassa icchāyaṃ vattamānattā <span class="bld">‘‘icchāpeyyā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Icchaṃ uppādeyyā</span>ti paccaye icchaṃ uppādeyya. Upanimantanāyetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yāvattaka’’</span>ntiādi. <span class="bld">Nekkhamma</span>nti pabbajjaṃ. <span class="bld">Daṭṭhū</span>ti daṭṭhuṃ. Chandānurakkhaṇatthañhettha anunāsikalopo. <span class="bld">Khemato</span>ti nibbhayato. Kāyena vā vācāya vā abhiharitvā nimanteyyāti sambandho. Yathā ca kāyena abhihareyya, vācāya ca, taṃ vidhiṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘upanetvā’’</span>tiādi <a name="V0.0282"></a> vuttaṃ <span class="bld">saantara</span>nti antaravāsakasahitaṃ. <span class="bld">Uttara</span>nti uttarāsaṅgaṃ. <span class="bld">Parama</span>nti avasānaṃ. <span class="bld">Assa cīvarassā</span>ti assa samudāyabhūtassa haritabbassa cīvarassa. Tagguṇasaṃviññāṇo hi ayaṃ bāhiratthasamāso yathā ‘‘lambakaṇṇo’’ti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘nivāsanenā’’</span>tiādi. Ukkaṭṭhaparicchedena hi sabbe taṃparamaṃyeva gahetuṃ labhanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā <a name="M0.0307"></a> acchinnasabbacīvarena ticīvaramattakeneva bhikkhunā evaṃ paṭipajjitabbaṃ, aññena pana aññathāpi, tasmā taṃ vibhāgaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tatrāyaṃ vinicchayo’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Adhiṭṭhitacīvarassā</span>ti ticīvarādhiṭṭhānanayena vā parikkhāracoḷavasena vā yena kenaci adhiṭṭhitacīvarassa, idañca yebhuyyena adhiṭṭhahitvā cīvaraṃ paribhuñjato vuttaṃ, na pana anadhiṭṭhitacīvarassa cīvare acchinne ayaṃ vidhi na sambhavatīti. Yassa vā ticīvarato adhikampi cīvaraṃ aññattha atthi, tattha natthi, tenāpi tadā tattha abhāvato dve sādituṃ vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Pakatiyāva santaruttarena caratī</span>ti (sārattha. ṭī. 2.523-524) atthatakathinattā vā sāsaṅkasikkhāpadavasena vā avippavāsasammutivasena vā tatiyassa alābhena vā carati. ‘‘Dve naṭṭhānī’’ti adhikārattā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘dve sāditabbānī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ekaṃ sādiyanteneva samo bhavissatī</span>ti tiṇṇaṃ cīvarānaṃ dvīsu naṭṭhena ekaṃ sādiyantena samo bhavissati ubhinnampi santaruttaraparamatāya avaṭṭhānato. <span class="bld">Yassa ekaṃyeva hoti</span> aññena kenaci kāraṇena vinaṭṭhasesacīvarattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pañcasu naṭṭhesū</span>ti ticīvaraṃ udakasāṭikā saṃkaccikāti imesu pañcasu cīvaresu naṭṭhesu. ‘‘Ekasmiṃ vā naṭṭhe’’ti vacanavipariṇāmaṃ katvā yojetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Tato uttarī</span>ti santaruttaraparamato uttari.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sesakaṃ āharissāmī</span>ti dve cīvarāni katvā ‘‘sesakaṃ puna āharissāmī’’ti attho. <span class="bld">Sesakaṃ tuyhaṃyeva hotūti vuttassā</span>ti dānasamaye evaṃ vuttassa. Sace pana ‘‘sesakaṃ āharissāmī’’ti vatvā gahetvā gamanasamayepi ‘‘sesakaṃ tuyhaṃyeva hotū’’ti vadanti, laddhakappiyameva. <span class="bld">Na acchinnanaṭṭhakāraṇā dinna</span>nti bāhusaccādiguṇavasena dinnaṃ. <span class="bld">Vuttanayenā</span>ti ‘‘ñātakappavārite vā viññāpentassa, samaye ca aññassa vā ñātakappavārite tassevatthāya viññāpentassa’’ti vuttanayena.</p>
<p class="centered">Tatuttarisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">8. Paṭhamaupakkhaṭasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhikkhuṃ</span> <a name="V0.0283"></a><a name="M0.0308"></a> <span class="bld">paneva uddissā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">panā</span>ti nipātamattaṃ, tathā <span class="bld">eva</span>-saddopi. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘itthannāmassā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Apadisitvā</span>ti kathetvā, ārabbhāti vā attho. <span class="bld">Aññātakassa gahapatissā</span>ti aññātakagahapatināti attho. Karaṇatthe hi idaṃ sāmivacanaṃ. Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ pana idaṃ suviññeyyanti na vicāritaṃ. Cīvaraṃ cetāpenti parivattenti etenāti <span class="bld">cīvaracetāpannaṃ</span> (sārattha. ṭī. 2.528-529), cīvaramūlaṃ, <span class="bld">na</span>-kāro panettha āgamo, ‘‘cīvaracetāpana’’ntipi paṭhanti. Taṃ pana yasmā hiraññādīsu aññataraṃ hoti, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘hiraññādika’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">hirañña</span>nti kahāpaṇo vuccati. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena suvaṇṇādīnaṃ gahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Upakkhaṭa</span>nti upaṭṭhāpitaṃ. Taṃ upakkharaṇaṃ tesaṃ tathā sajjitanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘upakkhaṭaṃ hotīti sajjitaṃ hotī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Saṃharitvā ṭhapita</span>nti rāsiṃ katvā ṭhapitaṃ. Parivattanañca akatassa kārāpanaṃ, katassa kiṇananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kāretvā vā kiṇitvā vāti attho’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Acchādessāmī</span>ti pārupessāmīti vuttaṃ hoti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vohāravacanameta’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Vohāravacana</span>nti ca upacāravacananti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Tatra ce so bhikkhū’’tiādīsu ko padasambandhoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yatra so gahapati vā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Pubbe appavārito</span>ti ‘‘dassāmi, kīdisena te, bhante, cīvarena attho, kīdisaṃ te cīvaraṃ cetāpemī’’ti pubbe avutto. <span class="bld">Upasaṅkamitvā</span>ti <span class="bld">gantvā</span>. Padabhājane pacuravohāravasena ‘‘gharaṃ gantvā’’ti (pārā. 529) vuttaṃ. Ettha ca <span class="bld">pacuravohāravasenā</span>ti yebhuyyavohāravasena. Yebhuyyena hi gharasāmikaṃ daṭṭhukāmā tassa gharaṃ gacchantīti tatheva bahulavohāro. <span class="bld">Vikappa</span>nti visiṭṭho kappo <span class="bld">vikappo, vi</span>-saddo cettha visiṭṭhattho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘visiṭṭhakappa’’</span>nti. Iminā vacanatthamāha. <span class="bld">‘‘Adhikavidhāna’’</span>nti iminā pana adhippāyatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Yathā pana tamāpajjatī</span>ti yenākārena taṃ vikappaṃ āpajjati. <span class="bld">Taṃ dassetu</span>nti taṃ ākāraṃ dassetuṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Sādhū’’</span>ti ayaṃ saddo sampaṭicchanasampahaṃsanasundarāyācanādīsu dissati. Tathā hesa ‘‘sādhu, bhanteti kho so bhikkhu bhagavato bhāsitaṃ <a name="M0.0309"></a> abhinanditvā anumoditvā’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 3.86) sampaṭicchane dissati, ‘‘sādhu sādhu sāriputtā’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 3.349; ma. ni. 1.340) sampahaṃsane.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Sādhu <a name="V0.0284"></a> dhammaruci rājā, sādhu paññāṇavā naro;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sādhu mittānamaddubbho, pāpassākaraṇaṃ sukha’’ntiādīsu. (jā. 2.18.101) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Sundare, ‘‘sādhu me, bhante bhagavā, saṃkhittena dhammaṃ desetū’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 3.64-68) āyācane, idhāpi āyācaneyeva daṭṭhabboti (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 1.189; ma. ni. aṭṭha. 1.1 mūlapariyāyasuttavaṇṇanā; su. ni. aṭṭha. 1.115 aggikabhāradvājasuttavaṇṇanā; bu. vaṃ. aṭṭha. 1.49) āha <span class="bld">‘‘sādhūti</span> <span class="bld">āyācane nipāto’’</span>ti. Tattha <span class="bld">āyācane</span>ti abhimukhaṃ yācane, abhipatthanāyanti attho. Parivitakke nipātoti sambandho. <span class="bld">Ālapatī</span>ti āmanteti. <span class="bld">Āyatādīsū</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">ādi</span>saddena vitthataappitasaṇhānaṃ gahaṇaṃ. Yasmā pana na imassa āpajjanamatteneva āpatti sīsaṃ eti, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘tassa vacanenā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Payoge</span>ti suttapariyesanādipayoge.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mahagghaṃ cetāpetukāmaṃ appaggha</span>nti vīsatiagghanakaṃ cīvaraṃ cetāpetukāmaṃ ‘‘alaṃ mayhaṃ tena, dasaagghanakaṃ vā aṭṭhagghanakaṃ vā dehī’’ti vadantassāti attho. <span class="bld">Evarūpa</span>nti evaṃ samabhāgaṃ, iminā samakanti vuttaṃ hoti. Tañca kho agghavaseneva, na pamāṇavasena. Agghavaḍḍhanakañhi idaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Paṭhamaupakkhaṭasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">9. Dutiyaupakkhaṭasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kasmā iminā nayena attho veditabboti āha <span class="bld">‘‘idañhī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Hī</span>ti kāraṇatthe nipāto. Na koci visesoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kevala’’</span>ntiādi.</p>
<p class="centered">Dutiyaupakkhaṭasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">10. Rājasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rājato</span> <a name="M0.0310"></a> <span class="bld">bhogga</span>nti rājato laddhabhoggaṃ. <span class="bld">Rājabhoggo</span>ti rājāmatto. <span class="bld">Rājato bhogo</span>ti raññā <a name="V0.0285"></a> dinnaṃ issariyaṃ. <span class="bld">Iminātiādī</span>ti ‘‘iminā cīvaracetāpannena cīvaraṃ cetāpetvā itthannāmaṃ bhikkhuṃ cīvarena acchādehī’’ti idaṃ. <span class="bld">Āgamanasuddhi</span>nti mūlasuddhiṃ. Yadi hi iminā kappiyanīhārena apesetvā ‘‘idaṃ itthannāmassa bhikkhuno dehī’’ti peseyya, sopi dūto taṃ bhikkhuṃ upasaṅkamitvā evaṃ vadeyya ‘‘idaṃ kho, bhante, āyasmantaṃ uddissa cīvaracetāpannaṃ ābhataṃ, paṭiggaṇhātu āyasmā cīvaracetāpanna’’nti (pārā. 538), tadā paṭikkhipitvāpi kappiyakārakaṃ puṭṭhena taṃ niddisituṃ na vaṭṭati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sace hī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Akappiyavatthuṃ ārabbhā</span>ti hiraññādiṃ ārabbha. <span class="bld">Īdisena dūtavacanenā</span>ti ‘‘paṭiggaṇhātu āyasmā cīvaracetāpanna’’nti evarūpena dūtavacanena. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā sampaṭicchituṃ akappiyaṃ hoti, tasmā. <span class="bld">Suvaṇṇa</span>nti jātarūpaṃ. <span class="bld">Rajata</span>nti rūpiyaṃ. <span class="bld">Kahāpaṇenā</span>ti suvaṇṇamayo vā rūpiyamayo vā pākatiko vā kahāpaṇo. <span class="bld">Māsako</span>ti lohamāsako vā hotu, dārumāsako vā hotu, jatumāsako vā hotu, yo yo yattha yattha janapade yadā yadā vohāraṃ gacchati, antamaso aṭṭhimayopi cammamayopi rukkhaphalabījamayopi samuṭṭhāpitarūpopi asamuṭṭhāpitarūpopi sabbo idha māsakoti veditabbo. Ettha ca yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ rūpiyasikkhāpade vakkhāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Muttā</span>ti hatthikumbhajādikā aṭṭhavidhā muttā. Tathā hi hatthikumbhaṃ varāhadāṭhaṃ, bhujaṅgasīsaṃ, valāhakaṃ, veḷu, macchasiro, saṅkho, sippīti aṭṭha muttāyoniyo. Tattha yā macchasaṅkhasippijātā, sā <span class="bld">sāmuddikā,</span> bhujaṅgajāpi kāci sāmuddikā hoti. Itarā <span class="bld">asāmuddikā</span>. Yasmā pana bahulaṃ sāmuddikāva muttā loke dissanti, tatthāpi sippijāva, itarā kadāci. Tasmā <span class="bld">sammohavinodaniyaṃ</span> ‘‘muttāti sāmuddikamuttā’’ti (vibha. aṭṭha. 172) vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Maṇī</span>ti ṭhapetvā veḷuriyādike antamaso jātiphalikaṃ upādāya sabbopi nīlapītādivaṇṇabhedo maṇīti veditabbo, pacitvā kato pana kācamaṇiyeveko pattādibhaṇḍamūlatthaṃ sampaṭicchituṃ vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Veḷuriyo</span> nāma vaṃsavaṇṇamaṇi. <span class="bld">Saṅkho</span>ti dhamanasaṅkho dhotaviddho ratanamisso, pānīyasaṅkho <a name="M0.0311"></a> pana ratanāmissakato, so ca añjanādibhesajjatthāya, bhaṇḍamūlatthāya ca sampaṭicchituṃ vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Silā</span>ti dhotaviddhā ratanasaṃyuttā muggavaṇṇā silā. Ratanena pana amissā satthakanisānādiatthāya paṭiggaṇhituṃ vaṭṭati. Ettha ca <span class="bld">‘‘ratanasaṃyuttā</span>ti suvaṇṇena saddhiṃ yojetvā pacitvā katā’’ti vadanti. <span class="bld">Pavāḷa</span>nti dhotampi adhotampi sabbaṃ pavāḷaṃ. <span class="bld">Lohitaṅko</span>ti rattamaṇi. <span class="bld">Masāragalla</span>nti kabaramaṇi. Yaṃ ‘‘marakata’’ntipi vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Satta dhaññānī</span>ti sānulomāni sāliādīni satta dhaññāni. Nīvārādiupadhaññassa pana sāliādimūladhaññantogadhattā ‘‘satta dhaññānī’’ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Dāsidāsakhettavatthupupphārāmaphalārāmādayo</span>ti <a name="V0.0286"></a> ettha <span class="bld">dāsī</span> nāma antojātadhanakkītakaramarānītappabhedā. Tathā <span class="bld">dāso. Khettaṃ</span> nāma yasmiṃ pubbaṇṇaṃ ruhati. <span class="bld">Vatthu</span> nāma yasmiṃ aparaṇṇaṃ ruhati. Yattha vā ubhayampi ruhati, taṃ <span class="bld">khettaṃ</span>. Tadatthāya akatabhūmibhāgo <span class="bld">vatthu</span>. Khettavatthusīsena cettha vāpitaḷākādīnipi saṅgahitāneva. Vassikādīnaṃ pupphanako <span class="bld">pupphārāmo</span>. Ambaphalādīnaṃ phalanako <span class="bld">phalārāmo</span>. Na kevalañca attanoyevatthāya sampaṭicchituṃ na vaṭṭati, sacepi koci jātarūparajataṃ ānetvā ‘‘idaṃ saṅghassa dammi, ārāmaṃ vā karotha, cetiyaṃ vā bhojanasālādīnaṃ vā aññatara’’nti vadati, idampi sampaṭicchituṃ na vaṭṭati. ‘‘Yassa kassaci hi aññassa atthāya sampaṭicchantassa dukkaṭaṃ hotī’’ti (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.538-539) <span class="bld">mahāpaccariyaṃ</span> vuttaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘cetiyasaṅghagaṇapuggalānaṃ vā atthāya sampaṭicchituṃ na vaṭṭantī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sace pana saṅghaṃ vā gaṇaṃ vā puggalaṃ vā anāmasitvā ‘‘idaṃ hiraññasuvaṇṇaṃ cetiyassa dema, vihārassa dema, navakammassa demā’’ti vadanti, paṭikkhipituṃ na vaṭṭati. ‘‘Ime idaṃ bhaṇantī’’ti kappiyakārakānaṃ ācikkhitabbaṃ. ‘‘Cetiyādīnaṃ atthāya tumhe gahetvā ṭhapethā’’ti vutte pana ‘‘amhākaṃ gahetuṃ na vaṭṭatī’’ti paṭikkhipitabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Veyyāvaccakaro</span>ti kiccakaro. Idha pana sabbo kiccakarova ‘‘veyyāvaccakaro’’ti adhippetoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kappiyakārako’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Eso kho</span>ti ‘‘asukavīthiyaṃ asukaghare asukanāmo’’ti parammukhaṃ vadati. <span class="bld">Itarampī</span>ti parammukhāniddiṭṭhampi. ‘‘Attho me, āvuso, cīvarenā’’ti etaṃ codanālakkhaṇanidassananti sambandho. Tattha <span class="bld">codanālakkhaṇanidassana</span>nti vācāya <a name="M0.0312"></a> codanālakkhaṇanidassanaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sace hī’’</span>tiādi. Idaṃ vā vacanaṃ vattabbanti sambandho. Etassa vā attho yāya kāyaci bhāsāya vattabboti sambandho. ‘‘Dehi me cīvaraṃ, āhara me cīvaraṃ, parivattehi me cīvaraṃ, cetāpehi me cīvara’’nti etāni pana vacanāni etesaṃ vā attho yāya kāyaci bhāsāya na vattabbo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘dehi me’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Sādheyyā</span>ti nipphādeyya. <span class="bld">Iccetaṃ kusala</span>nti evaṃ yāvatatiyaṃ codanena tassa cīvarassa yadetaṃ abhinipphādanaṃ, etaṃ kusalaṃ sādhu suṭṭhūti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘etaṃ sundara’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Chakkhattuṃ paramo paricchedo assāti <span class="bld">chakkhattuparamaṃ</span>. Idañhi ‘‘ṭhātabba’’nti imissā kiriyāya visesanaṃ, chakkhattuparamaṃ ṭhānaṃ kātabbanti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘bhāvanapuṃsakavacanameta’’</span>nti, etaṃ bhāve ṭhātabbanti vuttadhātvatthamatte sādhetabbe napuṃsakaliṅgavacananti attho. <span class="bld">Na nisīditabba</span>nti ‘‘idha, bhante, nisīdathā’’ti vuttepi na nisīditabbaṃ<a name="V0.0287"></a>. <span class="bld">Na āmisaṃ paṭiggahetabba</span>nti yāgukhajjakādibhedaṃ kiñci āmisaṃ ‘‘gaṇhatha, bhante’’ti yāciyamānenāpi na gaṇhitabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Na dhammo bhāsitabbo</span>ti (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.538-539) ‘‘maṅgalaṃ vā anumodanaṃ vā bhāsathā’’ti yāciyamānenāpi na kiñci bhāsitabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Ṭhānaṃ bhañjatī</span>ti ṭhitiṃ vināseti. Ṭhatvā cīvaraṃ gahetuṃ āgatena hi taṃ uddissa tuṇhībhūtena ṭhātabbameva, na nisajjādikaṃ kātabbaṃ. Iminā pana taṃ katanti ṭhānaṃ vināsitaṃ hoti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘āgatakāraṇaṃ vināsetī’’</span>ti. ‘‘Āgatakāraṇaṃ nāma ṭhānameva, tasmā ‘na kātabba’nti vāritassa katattā nisajjādīsu katesu chasu ṭhānesu ekaṃ ṭhānaṃ bhañjatī’’ti (sārattha. ṭī. 2.537-539) ayamettha adhippāyo. Chakkhattuparamaṃ tuṇhībhūtena uddissa ṭhātabbaṃ. ‘‘Na aññaṃ kiñci kātabba’’nti hi idaṃ ṭhānalakkhaṇaṃ. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘ida’’</span>ntiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">ida</span>nti ‘‘catukkhattuṃ pañcakkhattuṃ, chakkhattuparamaṃ tuṇhībhūtena uddissa ṭhātabba’’nti vacanaṃ. Ettha ca ‘‘nisīdanādimhi kate puna cīvaraṃ gahetuṃ na labhatī’’ti keci. ‘‘Dve ṭhānāni parihāyantī’’ti aññe. ‘‘Ekaṃ ṭhānaṃ parihāyatī’’ti apare. <span class="bld">Ubhayaṃ karotī</span>ti codetipi tiṭṭhatipi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Tatra tatra ṭhāne tiṭṭhatī’’</span>ti idaṃ codakassa ṭhitaṭṭhitaṭṭhānato apakkamma tatra tatra cīvaraṃ uddissa ṭhānaṃyeva sandhāya vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti etesu dvīsu codanāṭṭhānesu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kiṃ <a name="M0.0313"></a> pana sabbakappiyakārakesu (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.538-539; vi. saṅga. aṭṭha. 65) evaṃ paṭipajjitabbanti? Na paṭipajjitabbaṃ. Ayañhi kappiyakārako nāma saṅkhepato duvidho niddiṭṭho ca aniddiṭṭho ca. Tattha ca niddiṭṭho duvidho bhikkhunā niddiṭṭho, dūtena niddiṭṭhoti. Aniddiṭṭhopi duvidho mukhavevaṭikakappiyakārako, parammukhakappiyakārakoti. Tesu bhikkhunā niddiṭṭho sammukhāsammukhavasena catubbidho hoti, tathā dūtena niddiṭṭhopi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ? Idhekacco bhikkhussa cīvaratthāya dūtena akappiyavatthuṃ pahiṇati, dūto ca taṃ bhikkhuṃ upasaṅkamitvā ‘‘idaṃ, bhante, itthannāmena tumhākaṃ cīvaratthāya pahitaṃ, gaṇhatha na’’nti vadati. Bhikkhu ‘‘idaṃ na kappatī’’ti paṭikkhipati. Dūto ‘‘atthi pana te, bhante, veyyāvaccakaro’’ti pucchati, puññatthikehi ca upāsakehi ‘‘bhikkhūnaṃ veyyāvaccaṃ karothā’’ti āṇattā vā bhikkhūnaṃ vā sandiṭṭhā sambhattā keci veyyāvaccakarā honti, tesaṃ aññataro tasmiṃ khaṇe bhikkhussa santike nisinno hoti, bhikkhu taṃ niddisati ‘‘ayaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ veyyāvaccakaro’’ti<a name="V0.0288"></a>. Dūto tassa hatthe akappiyavatthuṃ datvā ‘‘therassa cīvaraṃ kiṇitvā dehī’’ti gacchati, ayaṃ <span class="bld">bhikkhunā sammukhāniddiṭṭho.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext">No ce bhikkhussa (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.537; vi. saṅga. aṭṭha. 65) santike nisinno hoti, apica kho bhikkhu niddisati ‘‘asukasmiṃ nāma gāme itthannāmo bhikkhūnaṃ veyyāvaccakaro’’ti. So gantvā tassa hatthe akappiyavatthuṃ datvā ‘‘therassa cīvaraṃ kiṇitvā dadeyyāsī’’ti āgantvā bhikkhussa ārocetvā gacchati, ayameko <span class="bld">bhikkhunā asammukhāniddiṭṭho.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext">Na heva kho so dūto attanā āgantvā āroceti, apica kho aññaṃ pahiṇati ‘‘dinnaṃ mayā, bhante, tassa hatthe cīvaracetāpannaṃ, cīvaraṃ gaṇheyyāthā’’ti, ayaṃ dutiyo <span class="bld">bhikkhunā asammukhāniddiṭṭho.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext">Na heva kho aññaṃ pahiṇati, apica kho gacchantova bhikkhuṃ vadati ‘‘ahaṃ tassa hatthe cīvaracetāpannaṃ dassāmi, tumhe cīvaraṃ gaṇheyyāthā’’ti, ayaṃ tatiyo <span class="bld">bhikkhunā asammukhāniddiṭṭho</span>ti evaṃ eko sammukhāniddiṭṭho tayo asammukhāniddiṭṭhāti ime cattāro <span class="bld">bhikkhunā niddiṭṭhaveyyāvaccakarā</span> nāma. Etesu imasmiṃ rājasikkhāpade vuttanayeneva paṭipajjitabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparo <a name="M0.0314"></a> bhikkhu purimanayeneva dūtena pucchito natthitāya vā avicāretukāmatāya vā ‘‘natthamhākaṃ kappiyakārako’’ti vadati, tasmiñca khaṇe koci manusso āgacchati, dūto tassa hatthe akappiyavatthuṃ datvā ‘‘imassa hatthato cīvaraṃ gaṇheyyāthā’’ti vatvā gacchati, ayaṃ <span class="bld">dūtena sammukhāniddiṭṭho.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparo dūto gāmaṃ pavisitvā attanā abhirucitassa kassaci hatthe akappiyavatthuṃ datvā purimanayeneva āgantvā vā āroceti, aññaṃ vā pahiṇati, ‘‘ahaṃ asukassa nāma hatthe cīvaracetāpannaṃ dassāmi, tumhe cīvaraṃ gaṇheyyāthā’’ti vatvā vā gacchati, ayaṃ tatiyo <span class="bld">dūtena asammukhāniddiṭṭho</span>ti evaṃ eko sammukhāniddiṭṭho, tayo asammukhāniddiṭṭhāti ime cattāro <span class="bld">dūtena niddiṭṭhaveyyāvaccakarā</span> nāma. Etesu meṇḍakasikkhāpade vuttanayeneva paṭipajjitabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vuttañhetaṃ <a name="V0.0289"></a> –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Santi, bhikkhave, manussā saddhā pasannā, te kappiyakārakānaṃ hatthe hiraññaṃ upanikkhipanti ‘iminā ayyassa yaṃ kappiyaṃ, taṃ dethā’ti. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, yaṃ tato kappiyaṃ, taṃ sādituṃ, na tvevāhaṃ, bhikkhave, kenaci pariyāyena jātarūparajataṃ sāditabbaṃ pariyesitabbanti vadāmī’’ti (mahāva. 299).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca codanāya parimāṇaṃ natthi. Mūlaṃ asādiyantena sahassakkhattumpi codanāya vā ṭhānena vā kappiyabhaṇḍaṃ sādituṃ vaṭṭati. No ce deti, aññaṃ kappiyakārakaṃ ṭhapetvāpi āharāpetabbaṃ. Sace icchati, mūlasāmikānampi kathetabbaṃ. No ce icchati, na kathetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparo bhikkhu purimanayeneva dūtena pucchito ‘‘natthamhākaṃ kappiyakārako’’ti vadati, tadañño samīpe ṭhito sutvā ‘‘āhara, bho, ahaṃ ayyassa cīvaraṃ cetāpetvā dassāmī’’ti vadati. Dūto ‘‘handa, bho, dadeyyāsī’’ti tassa hatthe datvā bhikkhussa anārocetvāva gacchati, ayaṃ <span class="bld">mukhavevaṭikakappiyakārako</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparo (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.538-539; vi. saṅga. aṭṭha. 65) bhikkhuno upaṭṭhākassa vā aññassa vā hatthe akappiyavatthuṃ datvā ‘‘therassa cīvaraṃ dadeyyāsī’’ti ettova pakkamati, ayaṃ <span class="bld">parammukhakappiyakārako</span>ti <a name="M0.0315"></a> ime dve <span class="bld">aniddiṭṭhakappiyakārakā</span> nāma. Etesu aññātakaappavāritesu viya paṭipajjitabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sace sayameva cīvaraṃ ānetvā denti, gahetabbaṃ. No ce, na kiñci vattabbā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sace’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Kappiyakārake</span>ti sammukhāsammukhavasena cattāro kappiyakāraketi attho. <span class="bld">‘‘Dāyako sayamevā’’</span>ti iminā bhikkhuṃ paṭikkhipati, na dūtaṃ. Tasmā dūtena niddiṭṭhopi yathāruci codetuṃ vaṭṭati. Mukhaṃ vivaritvā sayameva kappiyakārakattaṃ upagatoti <span class="bld">mukhavevaṭikakappiyakārako. Eva</span>nti ‘‘eso kho’’tiādinā yathāvuttena ākārena. <span class="bld">Dassitā honti</span> saṅkhepatoti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vuttacodanāṭṭhānaparimāṇato</span>ti vuttacodanāparimāṇato ca vuttaṭṭhānaparimāṇato ca. <span class="bld">Santika</span>nti samīpaṃ. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti ettha kathamayamattho labbhatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘samīpatthe hi idaṃ bhummavacana’’</span>nti<a name="V0.0290"></a>. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – ‘‘gaṅgāyaṃ goyūthāni caranti, kūpe gaggakūla’’ntiādīsu viya yasmā samīpādhāre idaṃ sattamīvibhattivacanaṃ, tasmā ayamattho labbhatīti. <span class="bld">Evaṃ akaronto</span>ti sāmaṃ vā agacchanto, dūtaṃ vā apāhento.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ajjaṇho, bhante, āgamehī</span>ti, bhante, ajja ekadivasaṃ amhākaṃ tiṭṭha, adhivāsehīti attho. <span class="bld">Tikapācittiya</span>nti atirekesu codanāṭṭhānesu atirekasaññivematikaūnakasaññīnaṃ vasena tīṇi pācittiyāni. Tikkhattuṃ codanāya chakkhattuṃ ṭhānena, ūnakatikkhattuṃ codanāya ūnakacchakkhattuṃ ṭhānena laddhepi anāpatti. <span class="bld">Appitatā</span>ti patiṭṭhāpitatā, ‘‘saññatto so mayā’’tiādinā (pārā. 538) kathitatāti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="centered">Rājasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Cīvaravaggo paṭhamo.</p>
<p class="title">2. Eḷakalomavaggo</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Kosiyasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kosiyamissaka</span>nti <a name="M0.0316"></a> ‘‘kosakārakā’’ti laddhavohārānaṃ pāṇakānaṃ kosato nibbattaṃ aṃsu <span class="bld">kosiyaṃ,</span> tena missaṃ <span class="bld">kosiyamissakaṃ</span>. Tena pana kosiyena appakenāpi missitaṃ kosiyamissakameva, na idaṃ abbohārikanti vattuṃ labbhā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ekenāpī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Kosiyaṃsunā</span>ti kimikosasambhavena aṃsunā. <span class="bld">‘‘Antamaso’’</span>tiādikaṃ pana imassa sikkhāpadassa acittakattā vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Santhataṃ</span> nāma santharitvā kataṃ avāyimaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘same bhūmibhāge’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Imasseva vacanassa anusārenā</span>ti imasseva paṭhamasanthatassa nissajjanavidhānavacanānusārena. <span class="bld">Sabbasanthata</span>nti sabbasanthatanissajjanavidhānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aññassatthāya kārāpane dukkaṭattā attano atthāya kārāpanavasena <span class="bld">‘‘sāṇattika’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Attanā vippakatapariyosāpananayenā</span>ti ‘‘attanā vippakataṃ attanā pariyosāpeti, nissaggiyaṃ <a name="V0.0291"></a> pācittiyaṃ. Attanā vippakataṃ parehi pariyosāpeti, nissaggiyaṃ pācittiyaṃ. Parehi vippakataṃ attanā pariyosāpeti, nissaggiyaṃ pācittiyaṃ. Parehi vippakataṃ parehi pariyosāpeti, nissaggiyaṃ pācittiya’’nti (pārā. 545) iminā nayena. <span class="bld">Vitānādikaraṇe</span>ti vitānabhūmattharaṇasāṇipākārabhisibibbohanakaraṇe. Yathā ca vitānādikaraṇe, evaṃ tenākārena paribhogepi anāpatti. ‘‘Avāyima’’nti (pārā. 544) vuttattā vāyitvā karontassāpi anāpatti.</p>
<p class="centered">Kosiyasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">2. Suddhakāḷakasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāḷakāna</span>nti sabhāvena vā rajanena vā kāḷakānaṃ. Yathāha ‘‘kāḷakaṃ nāma dve kāḷakāni jātiyā kāḷakaṃ vā rajanakāḷakaṃ vā’’ti. <span class="bld">Aññehi amissitāna</span>nti aññehi amissitakāḷakānanti attho. ‘‘Yathā paṭhame ‘ekenāpi kosiyaṃsunā’ti (kaṅkhā. aṭṭha. kosiyasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā) vuttaṃ, tathā idhāpi <a name="M0.0317"></a> ‘ekenāpi aññena amissetvā’ti avuttattā aññena pana missakabhogepi apaññāyamānarūpakaṃ ce ‘suddhakāḷaka’micceva vuccatī’’ti (vajira. ṭī. pārājika 547) vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca ‘‘idaṃ me, bhante, suddhakāḷakānaṃ eḷakalomānaṃ santhata’’ntiādinā (pārā. 549) nissajjanavidhānaṃ veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Sesa</span>nti pubbapayogadukkaṭacatukkapācittiyādikaṃ. Aṅgesu pana <span class="bld">‘‘suddhakāḷakabhāvo’’</span>ti ayaṃ viseso.</p>
<p class="centered">Suddhakāḷakasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">3. Dvebhāgasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gahetabbā</span>ti yathā kāḷakā adhikā na honti, tathā gahetabbā. Ṭhapetvā cettha kāḷakaodāte avasesā gocariyesuyeva saṅgahaṃ gacchantīti (sārattha. ṭī. 2.552) daṭṭhabbaṃ. Ettha ca <span class="bld">dve bhāgā</span>ti ukkaṭṭhaparicchedo kāḷakānaṃ adhikaggahaṇassa paṭikkhepavasena sikkhāpadassa paññattattā. Tasmā kāḷakānaṃ bhāgadvayato adhikaṃ na vaṭṭati, ūnakaṃ vaṭṭati. Tenāha <a name="V0.0292"></a> <span class="bld">‘‘ekassāpī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Ekassāpi kāḷakalomassa atirekabhāve</span>ti tulāya dhārayitvā ṭhapitesu antamaso vātavegenapi pahitassa ekassāpi kāḷakalomassa adhikabhāve satīti attho. <span class="bld">‘‘Tatiyaṃ odātānaṃ, catutthaṃ gocariyāna’’</span>nti idaṃ pana heṭṭhimaparicchedo tesaṃ adhikaggahaṇe paṭikkhepābhāvato. Tasmā tesaṃ vuttappamāṇato adhikampi vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca ‘‘idaṃ me, bhante, santhataṃ anādiyitvā dve tule suddhakāḷakānaṃ eḷakalomānaṃ, tulaṃ odātānaṃ, tulaṃ gocariyānaṃ santhataṃ kārāpitaṃ nissaggiya’’nti (pārā. 554) iminā nayena nissajjanavidhānaṃ veditabbaṃ. Ādāya ca vuttaparicchedena anādāya ca karaṇato <span class="bld">kiriyākiriyaṃ</span>. <span class="bld">Sesa</span>nti pubbapayogadukkaṭacatukkapācittiyādikaṃ. Ayaṃ pana viseso – tulaṃ odātānaṃ tulaṃ gocariyānaṃ ādiyitvā karaṇe, bahutaraṃ odātānaṃ bahutaraṃ gocariyānaṃ ādiyitvā karaṇe<a name="M0.0318"></a>, suddhaṃ odātānaṃ suddhaṃ gocariyānaṃ ādiyitvā karaṇe ca anāpattīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aṅgesu pana paṭhamaṅgaṃ kāḷakānaṃ dvebhāgato atirekabhāvoti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Imāni tīṇi na kevalaṃ anissaṭṭhāneva paribhuñjituṃ na vaṭṭantīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘imāni panā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">‘‘Paribhuñjituṃ na vaṭṭantī’’</span>ti iminā yadi paribhuñjati, dukkaṭanti dasseti.</p>
<p class="centered">Dvebhāgasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">4. Chabbassasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yaṃ santhatasammutiṃ detīti sambandho. <span class="bld">Gilānassa bhikkhuno</span>ti yassa vinā santhatā na phāsu hoti, na sakkoti ca santhataṃ ādāya pakkamituṃ, evaṃbhūtassa gilānassa bhikkhuno. <span class="bld">Santhatasammutiṃ detī</span>ti ‘‘suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho, ayaṃ itthannāmo bhikkhu gilāno na sakkoti santhataṃ ādāya pakkamitu’’ntiādinā (pārā. 560) padabhājane vuttāya ñattidutiyakammavācāya santhatasammutiṃ deti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sā</span>ti santhatasammuti. <span class="bld">Vūpasanto vā puna kuppatī</span>ti vūpasanto vā so ābādho puna kuppati, anuvassampi kātuṃ vaṭṭati, puna sammutidānakiccaṃ natthīti adhippāyo. Na kevalaṃ tasmiṃyeva roge kuppite, atha kho aññasmiṃ roge kuppitepi gatagataṭṭhāne anuvassaṃ kātuṃ labhati. Teneva hi <span class="bld">samantapāsādikāyaṃ</span> ‘‘sace arogo hutvā puna mūlabyādhināva gilāno hoti<a name="V0.0293"></a>, soyeva parihāro, natthaññaṃ ‘sammutikicca’nti <span class="bld">phussadevatthero</span> āha. <span class="bld">Upatissatthero</span> pana so vā byādhi paṭikuppatu, añño vā, sakiṃ ‘gilāno’ti nāmaṃ laddhaṃ laddhameva, puna ‘sammutikiccaṃ natthī’ti āhā’’ti (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.557) upatissattheravādo pacchā vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca ‘‘idaṃ me, bhante, santhataṃ ūnakachabbassāni kārāpitaṃ aññatra bhikkhusammutiyā nissaggiya’’nti (pārā. 562) iminā nayena nissajjanavidhānaṃ veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Sesaṃ paṭhamasadisamevā’’</span>ti iminā ‘‘attanā kataṃ parehi pariyosāpetī’’tiādikaṃ atidiṭṭhaṃ. Ayaṃ pana viseso – paripuṇṇe chabbasse vā atirekachabbasse <a name="M0.0319"></a> vā anāpatti. Aṅgesu ca chabbassānaṃ antobhāvo nānāttaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Chabbassasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">5. Nisīdanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nisīdanasanthata</span>nti ‘‘nisīdanaṃ nāma sadasaṃ vuccatī’’ti ettha padabhājaniyaṃ (pārā. 568) vuttattā sadasaṃ santhataṃ, ettha ca nisīdanaggahaṇaṃ santhate cīvarasaññānivāraṇatthaṃ, yato te bhikkhū kambalacīvarasaññāya santhataṃ chaḍḍetvā dhutaṅgāni samādiyiṃsu. Sayanāsanappayojanattā santhatassa <span class="bld">‘‘purāṇasanthataṃ nāmā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Yatthā</span>ti yasmiṃ santhate. <span class="bld">Vidatthimatta</span>nti sugatavidatthimattaṃ. Ukkaṭṭhaparicchedo cāyaṃ ‘‘anāpatti alabhanto thokataraṃ ādiyitvā karotī’’ti (pārā. 570) padabhājane vuttattā. <span class="bld">Ekadese</span>ti idāni kattabbanavasanthatassa ekappadese. <span class="bld">Vijaṭetvā</span>ti viddhaṃsetvā. <span class="bld">Anādā</span>ti <span class="bld">ya</span>-kāralopenāyaṃ niddesoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sati purāṇasanthate aggahetvā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca ‘‘idaṃ me, bhante, nisīdanasanthataṃ anādiyitvā purāṇasanthatassa sāmantā sugatavidatthiṃ kārāpitaṃ nissaggiya’’nti (pārā. 568) iminā nayena nissajjanavidhānaṃ veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Santhatavissajjanavatthusmiṃ paññatta</span>nti bhagavatā santhatāni vippakiṇṇāni disvā ‘‘saddhādeyyavinipātane kāraṇaṃ natthi, paribhogupāyaṃ nesaṃ dassessāmī’’ti (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.566) santhatavissajjanavatthusmiṃ paññattaṃ. Kiriyākiriyattā imassa sikkhāpadassa <span class="bld">‘‘sesaṃ tatiyasadisamevā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ, dvebhāgasikkhāpadasadisamevāti attho. Ayaṃ pana viseso – purāṇasanthatassa <a name="V0.0294"></a> sāmantā sugatavidatthiyā ādāya karaṇe, alabhantassa thokataraṃ ādāya karaṇe, sabbathā alabhantassa anādāya karaṇe ca anāpattīti. Aṅgesu panettha paṭhamaṅgapurāṇasanthatassa sāmantā sugatavidatthianādiyanāti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Nisīdanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">6. Eḷakalomasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Addhānamaggappaṭipannassā</span>ti <a name="M0.0320"></a> addhānameva maggo <span class="bld">addhānamaggo,</span> taṃ paṭipannassāti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘addhānasaṅkhāta’’</span>ntiādi. Addhānasaddena visesitattā pana <span class="bld">‘‘dīghamagga’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. Addhānagamanasamayassa vibhaṅge ‘‘addhayojanaṃ gacchissāmīti bhuñjitabba’’ntiādivacanato (pāci. 218) addhayojanampi addhānamaggo hoti. Eḷakalomāni cetāni addhānamaggato aññattha uppannāni paṭiggahetuṃ na vaṭṭanti, yato ‘‘addhānamaggappaṭipannassā’’tiādikaṃ vuttanti anuyogaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbañceta’’</span>ntiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">sabbañceta</span>nti ‘‘bhikkhuno paneva addhānamaggappaṭipannassa eḷakalomāni uppajjeyyu’’ntiādikaṃ etaṃ sabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Vatthumattadīpanamevā</span>ti ‘‘tena kho pana samayena aññatarassa bhikkhuno kosalesu janapade sāvatthiṃ gacchantassa antarāmagge eḷakalomāni uppajjiṃsū’’tiādikassa (pārā. 571) vatthumattassa dīpanameva. <span class="bld">Yattha katthacī</span>ti addhānato aññatthāpi yattha katthaci ṭhānesu. <span class="bld">Sahatthā</span>ti karaṇatthe nissakkavacananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sahatthenā’’</span>ti. Lakkhaṇavacanañcetaṃ, tasmā yena kenaci sarīrāvayavenāti attho daṭṭhabbo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘attanā haritabbānīti attho’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Asante hārake</span>ti ettha padānaṃ antogadhāvadhāraṇato avadhāraṇattho labbhatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘asanteyevā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca ‘‘imāni me, bhante, eḷakalomāni tiyojanaṃ atikkāmitāni nissaggiyānī’’tiādinā (pārā. 573) nissajjanavidhānaṃ veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Tikapācittiya</span>nti atirekatiyojane atirekatiyojanasaññivematikaūnakasaññīnaṃ vasena tīṇi pācittiyāni. <span class="bld">Vāsādhippāyena gantvā tato paraṃ haraṇe</span>ti yattha gato, tattha uddesaparipucchādīnaṃ vā paccayādīnaṃ vā alābhena tato paraṃ aññattha haraṇe, tatopi aññatthāti evaṃ yojanasatampi haraṇe anāpatti. <span class="bld">Acchinnaṃ vā nissaṭṭhaṃ vā</span>ti corehi acchinnaṃ vā vinayakammakataṃ vā. <span class="bld">Katabhaṇḍa</span>nti kataṃ bhaṇḍaṃ kambalakojavasanthatādi yaṃ kiñci antamaso suttakena baddhamattampi. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘antamaso’’</span>tiādi. Yo pana tanukapattatthavikantare (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.575) vā āyogaaṃsabaddhakakāyabandhanādīnaṃ <a name="V0.0295"></a> antaresu vā pipphalikādīnaṃ malarakkhaṇatthaṃ sipāṭikāyaṃ vā antamaso vātābādhiko kaṇṇacchiddepi lomāni pakkhipitvā gacchati<a name="M0.0321"></a>, āpattiyeva. Suttakena pana bandhitvā pakkhittaṃ katabhaṇḍaṭṭhāne tiṭṭhati, veṇiṃ katvā harati, idaṃ nidhānamukhaṃ nāma, āpattiyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭhamappaṭilābho</span>ti attano atthāya eḷakalomānaṃ paṭhamuppatti. Etena acchinnanissaṭṭhappaṭiladdhānaṃ paṭikkhepo. <span class="bld">Aññassa ajānantassa yāne pakkhipitvā</span>ti (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.572) gacchante rathādike vā hatthipiṭṭhiādīsu vā sāmikassa ajānantasseva ‘‘harissatī’’ti pakkhipitvā. Agacchantepi eseva nayo. Sace pana agacchante rathādimhi vā hatthipiṭṭhiādīsu vā ṭhapetvā ārohitvā sāreti, heṭṭhā vā gacchanto codeti, pakkosanto vā anubandhāpeti, ‘‘aññaṃ harāpetī’’ti (pārā. 575) vacanato anāpatti. Ettha ca ‘‘ajānantassa yāne’’ti iminā jānantassa ce yāne pakkhipati, aññaṃ harāpeti nāmāti dasseti. <span class="bld">Aharaṇapaccāharaṇa</span>nti haraṇapaccāharaṇānamabhāvo.</p>
<p class="centered">Eḷakalomasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">7. Eḷakalomadhovāpanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sakkesū</span>ti ‘‘sakyā vata, bho kumārā’’ti (dī. ni. 1.267) udānaṃ paṭicca ‘‘sakyā’’ti laddhanāmānaṃ nivāso ekopi janapado ruḷhisaddena <span class="bld">‘‘sakkā’’</span>ti vuccati, tasmiṃ sakkesu janapade. <span class="bld">Chabbaggiyā</span> nāma paṇḍukalohitakādayo chamūlakā, tesaṃ sissā ca.</p>
<p class="centered">Eḷakalomadhovāpanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">8. Jātarūpasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rajata</span>nti na kevalaṃ rūpiyameva idhādhippetaṃ, atha kho yaṃ kiñci vohāragamanīyaṃ kahāpaṇādi ca etaṃ adhippetanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘apicā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">kahāpaṇo</span>ti (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.583-584) suvaṇṇamayo vā rūpiyamayo vā pākatiko vā. <span class="bld">Lohamāsako</span> nāma tambalohādīhi katamāsako. <span class="bld">Dārumāsako</span> nāma sāradārunā vā veḷupesikāya vā <a name="M0.0322"></a> antamaso tālapaṇṇenapi <a name="V0.0296"></a> rūpaṃ chinditvā katamāsako. <span class="bld">Jatumāsako</span> nāma lākhāya vā niyyāsena vā rūpaṃ samuṭṭhāpetvā katamāsako. <span class="bld">‘‘Ye vohāraṃ gacchantī’’</span>ti iminā pana padena yo yo yattha yattha janapade yadā yadā vohāraṃ gacchati, antamaso aṭṭhimayopi cammamayopi rukkhaphalabījamayopi samuṭṭhāpitarūpopi asamuṭṭhāpitarūpopi sabbo saṅgahito. <span class="bld">Tadevā</span>ti jātarūparajatameva. <span class="bld">Hiraññaṃ</span> nāma kahāpaṇo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Sādiyatī’’ti vuttamevatthaṃ vibhāveti <span class="bld">‘‘gaṇhitukāmo hotī’’</span>ti. Na kevalaṃ kāyavācāhi paṭikkhittameva paṭikkhittaṃ hoti, atha kho manasāpi paṭikkhittaṃ paṭikkhittameva hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kāyavācāhī’’</span>tiādi. Sace pana kāyavācāhi appaṭikkhipitvā cittena adhivāseti, kāyavācāhi kattabbassa paṭikkhepassa akaraṇato akiriyasamuṭṭhānaṃ kāyavacīdvāre āpattiṃ āpajjati. Manodvāre pana āpatti nāma natthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Eko sataṃ (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.583-584) vā sahassaṃ vā pādamūle ṭhapeti ‘‘tuyhidaṃ hotū’’ti, bhikkhu ‘‘nayidaṃ kappatī’’ti paṭikkhipati. Upāsako ‘‘pariccattaṃ mayā tumhāka’’nti gato, añño tattha āgantvā pucchati ‘‘kiṃ, bhante, ida’’nti. Yaṃ tena ca attanā ca vuttaṃ, taṃ ācikkhitabbaṃ. So ce vadati ‘‘gopessāmi, bhante, guttaṭṭhānaṃ dassethā’’ti, sattabhūmikampi pāsādaṃ abhiruhitvā ‘‘idaṃ guttaṭṭhāna’’nti ācikkhitabbaṃ, ‘‘idha nikkhipāhī’’ti na vattabbaṃ. Ettāvatā kappiyañca akappiyañca nissāya ṭhitaṃ hoti, dvāraṃ pidahitvā rakkhantena vasitabbaṃ. Sace kiñci vikkāyikabhaṇḍaṃ pattaṃ vā cīvaraṃ vā āgacchati, ‘‘idaṃ gahessatha, bhante’’ti vutte ‘‘upāsaka, atthi amhākaṃ iminā attho, vatthu ca evarūpaṃ nāma saṃvijjati, kappiyakārako natthī’’ti vattabbaṃ. Sace so vadati ‘‘ahaṃ kappiyakārako bhavissāmi, dvāraṃ vivaritvā dethā’’ti, dvāraṃ vivaritvā ‘‘imasmiṃ okāse ṭhapita’’nti vattabbaṃ, ‘‘imaṃ gaṇhā’’ti na vattabbaṃ. Evañca kappiyañca akappiyañca nissāya ṭhitameva hoti. So cetaṃ gahetvā tassa kappiyabhaṇḍaṃ deti, vaṭṭati. Sace adhikaṃ gaṇhāti, ‘‘na mayaṃ tava bhaṇḍaṃ gaṇhāma, nikkhamāhī’’ti vattabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saṅghamajjheyeva</span> <a name="M0.0323"></a> <span class="bld">nissajjitabba</span>nti ettha yasmā rūpiyaṃ nāma akappiyaṃ, tasmā ‘‘nissajjitabbaṃ saṅghassa vā gaṇassa vā puggalassa vā’’ti na vuttaṃ. Yasmā pana taṃ paṭiggahitamattameva, na tena kiñci kappiyabhaṇḍaṃ cetāpitaṃ, tasmā upāyena paribhogadassanatthaṃ ‘‘saṅghamajjheyeva nissajjitabba’’nti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena telādīnaṃ gahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">So</span>ti yo gahaṭṭho ‘‘sappi <a name="V0.0297"></a> vā telaṃ vā vaṭṭati upāsakā’’tiādinā nayena vutto, so. <span class="bld">Aññena labhitvā</span>ti bhikkhunā vā ārāmikena vā attano vassaggena labhitvā. <span class="bld">Tato nibbattarukkhacchāyāpī</span>ti nissaggiyavatthunā āhaṭabījato nibbattarukkhaparicchedena ṭhitacchāyāpi, paricchedātikkantā pana āgantukattā vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">No ce chaḍḍetī</span>ti atha neva gahetvā gacchati, na chaḍḍeti, ‘‘kiṃ mayhaṃ iminā byāpārenā’’ti yenakāmaṃ pakkamati. <span class="bld">Pañcaṅgasamannāgato</span> ‘‘yo na chandāgatiṃ gaccheyya, na dosāgatiṃ gaccheyya, na mohāgatiṃ gaccheyya, na bhayāgatiṃ gaccheyya, chaḍḍitāchaḍḍitañca jāneyyā’’ti (pārā. 584) evaṃ vuttapañcaṅgehi samannāgato. <span class="bld">Sammannitabbo</span>ti ‘‘suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho, yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho itthannāmaṃ bhikkhuṃ rūpiyachaḍḍakaṃ sammanneyyā’’tiādinā padabhājane vuttāya ñattidutiyakammavācāya sammannitabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Animittaṃ katvā gūthaṃ viya chaḍḍetabba</span>nti patitaṭṭhānaṃ sallakkhaṇavasena nimittaṃ akatvā gūthaṃ viya chaḍḍetabbaṃ, akkhīni nimīletvāva nadiyā vā papāte vā vanagahane vā gūthaṃ viya anapekkhena patitokāsaṃ asamannāharantena pātetabbanti vuttaṃ hoti. Tenāha ‘‘gūthaṃ viya chaḍḍetabba’’nti. <span class="bld">Tikapācittiya</span>nti rūpiyasaññivematikaarūpiyasaññīnaṃ vasena tīṇi pācittiyāni. <span class="bld">Arūpiye rūpiyasaññino</span>ti kharapattādīsu suvaṇṇādisaññino. <span class="bld">Ratanasikkhāpadanayenā</span>ti ‘‘ajjhārāme vā ajjhāvasathe vā’’ti (pāci. 505) ettha vuttavidhinā.</p>
<p class="centered">Jātarūpasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">9. Rūpiyasaṃvohārasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Katādivasenā</span>ti <a name="M0.0324"></a> kataakatakatākatavasena. Suvaṇṇādicatubbidhampi nissaggiyavatthu idha rūpiyaggahaṇena gahitanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘jātarūparajataparivattana’’</span>nti. Idañca ukkaṭṭhaparicchedena vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘purimasikkhāpadena hī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Parivattana</span>nti sāditarūpiyassa parivattanaṃ. <span class="bld">Purimanayānusārenā</span>ti ‘‘ahaṃ, bhante, nānappakārakaṃ rūpiyasaṃvohāraṃ samāpajjiṃ, idaṃ me nissaggiya’’ntiādinā (pārā. 589).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rūpiyasaṃvohāravatthusmi</span>nti paṭiggahaṇasseva paṭikkhittattā paṭiggahitaparivattane dosaṃ adisvā rūpiyaparivattane. <span class="bld">Tassa vā</span>ti parivattitassa vā. <span class="bld">Dhanassa vā</span>ti attano mūladhanassa vā<a name="V0.0298"></a>. Attano vā hi arūpiyena parassa rūpiyaṃ cetāpeyya, attano vā rūpiyena parassa arūpiyaṃ, ubhayathāpi rūpiyasaṃvohāro katova hotīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Rūpiyasaṃvohārasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">10. Kayavikkayasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Rūpiyasaṃvohārassa pana heṭṭhāsikkhāpadena gahitattā kappiyabhaṇḍānamevettha gahaṇanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘cīvarādīna’’</span>ntiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">cīvarādīnaṃ kappiyabhaṇḍāna</span>nti antamaso dasikasuttaṃ upādāya cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānapaccayānaṃ yesaṃ kesañci kappiyabhaṇḍānaṃ. <span class="bld">Kayaṃ</span> nāma parabhaṇḍassa gahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Vikkayaṃ</span> nāma attano bhaṇḍassa dānaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘iminā imaṃ dehī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Parassā</span>ti ṭhapetvā pañca sahadhammike aññassa. Ettha ca ‘‘ahaṃ, bhante, nānappakārakaṃ kayavikkayaṃ samāpajjiṃ, idaṃ me nissaggiyaṃ, imāhaṃ saṅghassa nissajjāmī’’tiādinā (pārā. 595) nayena nissajjitabbaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vuttalakkhaṇavasenā’’</span>tiādi. Nanu cettha cīvaradhovane vā kesacchedane vā bhūmisodhanādinavakamme vā parabhaṇḍaṃ attano hatthagataṃ nissajjitabbaṃ nāma natthi, tattha kiṃ kātabbanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘asante pācittiyaṃ desetabbamevā’’</span>ti. Yathā nissaggiyavatthumhi paribhutte vā naṭṭhe vā pācittiyaṃ deseti, evaṃ idhāpi desetabbamevāti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Idaṃ</span> <a name="M0.0325"></a> <span class="bld">amhākaṃ atthī</span>ti idaṃ paṭiggahitaṃ telaṃ vā sappi vā amhākaṃ saṃvijjati. <span class="bld">Amhākañca iminā ca iminā ca attho</span>ti amhākañca tadaññena iminā ca iminā ca appaṭiggahitakena attho. <span class="bld">‘‘Rūpiyasaṃvohāre vuttanayamevā’’</span>ti iminā ‘‘tikapācittiyaṃ akayavikkaye kayavikkayasaññino ca vematikassa ca dukkaṭa’’nti imaṃ nayamatidisati.</p>
<p class="centered">Kayavikkayasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Eḷakalomavaggo dutiyo.</p>
<p class="title">3. Pattavaggo</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Pattasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Avikappito</span>ti <a name="V0.0299"></a> ‘‘imaṃ pattaṃ tuyhaṃ vikappemī’’tiādinā nayena avikappito. <span class="bld">Aḍḍhāḷhakodanaṃ gaṇhātī</span>ti magadhanāḷiyā dvinnaṃ taṇḍulanāḷīnaṃ odanaṃ gaṇhāti. <span class="bld">‘‘Magadhanāḷi</span> nāma aḍḍhaterasapalā hotī’’ti <span class="bld">andhakaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> vuttaṃ. ‘‘Sīhaḷadīpe pakatināḷi mahantā, damiḷanāḷi khuddakā, magadhanāḷi pamāṇayuttā, tāya magadhanāḷiyā diyaḍḍhanāḷi ekā sīhaḷanāḷi hotī’’ti (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.602) <span class="bld">mahāaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Anuttaṇḍula</span>nti pākato ukkantaṃ taṇḍulaṃ <span class="bld">uttaṇḍulaṃ,</span> na uttaṇḍulaṃ <span class="bld">anuttaṇḍulaṃ</span>. <span class="bld">Sabbasambhārasaṅkhato</span>ti jīrakādisabbasambhārehi saṅkhato. Ālopassa catutthabhāgappamāṇaṃ byañjanaṃ ālopassa anurūpabyañjanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ ukkaṭṭhapattaṃ dassetvā idāni majjhimomakāni dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ukkaṭṭhato’’</span>tiādimāha. Tatrāyaṃ nayo – sace nāḷikodanādi sabbampi pakkhittaṃ vuttanayeneva heṭṭhimarājisamaṃ tiṭṭhati, ayaṃ <span class="bld">majjhimo</span> nāma patto. Sace taṃ rājiṃ atikkamma thūpīkataṃ tiṭṭhati, ayaṃ <span class="bld">majjhimomako</span> nāma patto. Sace taṃ rājiṃ na sampāpuṇāti, antogadhameva hoti, ayaṃ <span class="bld">majjhimukkaṭṭho</span> nāma patto. Sace pattodanādi sabbampi pakkhittaṃ heṭṭhimarājisamaṃ tiṭṭhati, ayaṃ <span class="bld">omako</span> nāma patto. Sace taṃ rājiṃ atikkamma thūpīkataṃ tiṭṭhati, ayaṃ <span class="bld">omakomako</span> nāma patto. Sace taṃ rājiṃ <a name="M0.0326"></a> na sampāpuṇāti, antogadhameva hoti, ayaṃ <span class="bld">omakukkaṭṭho</span> nāma pattoti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tesampi vuttanayeneva bhedo veditabbo’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni tesu adhiṭṭhānavikappanānadhiṭṭhānāvikappanupage dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘iccetesū’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">ukkaṭṭhukkaṭṭho</span>ti ukkaṭṭhato ukkaṭṭho. Tato hi so ‘‘apatto’’ti vutto. <span class="bld">Omakomako</span>ti omakato omako. Tato hi so ‘‘apatto’’ti vutto. Ete pana bhājanaparibhogena paribhuñjitabbā, na adhiṭṭhānupagā na vikappanupagā, itare pana satta adhiṭṭhahitvā vā vikappetvā vā paribhuñjitabbā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sesā satta pattā pamāṇayuttā nāmā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti <a name="V0.0300"></a> yasmā satta pattā pamāṇayuttā, tasmā. <span class="bld">Samaṇasāruppena pakka</span>nti ettha ayopatto pañcahi pākehi (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.608) pakko samaṇasāruppena pakko hoti, mattikāpatto dvīhi pākehi. Sace eko pāko ūno hoti, na adhiṭṭhānupago. Yathā ca samaṇasāruppena pakkoyeva adhiṭṭhānupago, tathā ubhopi yaṃ mūlaṃ dātabbaṃ, tasmiṃ dinneyeva adhiṭṭhānupagā. Yadi pana appakampi adinnaṃ hoti, na adhiṭṭhānupagā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sace panā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">‘‘Kākaṇikamattaṃ</span> nāma diyaḍḍhavīhī’’ti vadanti. Sacepi pattasāmiko vadati ‘‘yadā tumhākaṃ mūlaṃ bhavissati, tadā dassatha, adhiṭṭhahitvā paribhuñjathā’’ti, neva adhiṭṭhānupago hoti. Pākassa hi ūnattā pattasaṅkhaṃ na gacchati. Mūlassa sakalassa vā ekadesassa vā adinnattā sakabhāvaṃ na upeti, aññasseva santako hoti. Tasmā pāke ca mūle ca niṭṭhiteyeva adhiṭṭhānupago hoti. Yo adhiṭṭhānupago, sveva vikappanupago ca. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘apaccuddharantenā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Apaccuddharantena vikappetabbo</span>ti purāṇapattaṃ apaccuddharantena navo patto vikappetabboti attho, ṭhapetabboti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Kaṅgusittha</span>nti sattannaṃ dhaññānaṃ lāmakadhaññasitthanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kaṅgusitthanikkhamanamattena chiddenā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="centered">Pattasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">2. Ūnapañcabandhanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Assā</span>ti <a name="M0.0327"></a> imassa pattassa. <span class="bld">Tena ūnapañcabandhanenā</span>ti tena ūnapañcabandhanena pattena upalakkhito hutvāti attho. Ūnapañcabandhano hi patto ettha lakkhaṇabhāvena gahito. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘itthambhūtassa lakkhaṇe karaṇavacana’’</span>nti. Tattha <span class="bld">itthambhūtassā</span>ti kañci pakāraṃ pattassa. Lakkhīyate anenāti <span class="bld">lakkhaṇaṃ,</span> tasmiṃ <span class="bld">karaṇavacanaṃ,</span> tatiyāvibhattīti attho. <span class="bld">‘‘Pakāro’’</span>ti ca sāmaññassa bhedako viseso vuccati. Tathā hi <span class="bld">ūnapañcabandhanena pattenā</span>ti ettha bhikkhubhāvasāmaññassa ūnapañcabandhanapattabhāvo pakāro, taṃ bhikkhu āpanno, tassa patto lakkhaṇaṃ. Yadi aparipuṇṇapañcabandhano patto ūnapañcabandhano nāma hoti, atha kasmā imassa <span class="bld">padabhājaniyaṃ</span> abandhanopi vuttoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tatthā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">tatthā</span>ti vākyopaññāse. Bandhanokāse sati vā asati vā bandhanavirahito patto abandhano, pañcabandhanānaṃ okāso assāti <span class="bld">pañcabandhanokāso. Apatto</span>ti patto nāma na hotīti attho, pākatikaṃ kātuṃ asamatthoti vuttaṃ hoti. Idañca aññassa viññāpane kāraṇavacanaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tasmā aññaṃ viññāpetuṃ vaṭṭatī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bandhanañca <a name="V0.0301"></a> nāmetaṃ yasmā bandhanokāse sati hoti, asati na hoti, tasmā tassa lakkhaṇaṃ, bandhanavidhiñca dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yasmiṃ panā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Mukhavaṭṭisamīpe pana pattavedhakena vijjhiyamāne kapālassa bahalattā bhijjati, tasmā heṭṭhā vijjhitabbo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘heṭṭhimapariyante’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Sukhumaṃ vā chiddaṃ katvā bandhitabbo</span>ti sukhume chidde tipupaṭṭādīhi payojanaṃ natthi, suttaṃ pakkhipitvāva adhiṭṭhātabboti adhippāyo. Na kevalaṃ tipusuttakādināva bandhitabboti āha <span class="bld">‘‘phāṇita’’</span>ntiādi. <span class="bld">Phāṇitaṃ jhāpetvā pāsāṇacuṇṇenā</span>ti pāsāṇacuṇṇena saddhiṃ phāṇitaṃ pacitvā tathāpakkena pāsāṇacuṇṇenāti attho. <span class="bld">Nissajjitabbo</span>ti ‘‘ayaṃ me, bhante, patto ūnapañcabandhanena pattena cetāpito nissaggiyo, imāhaṃ saṅghassa nissajjāmī’’ti (pārā. 613) nissajjitabbo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘nissajjantenā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Sammatenā</span>ti –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho, yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho itthannāmaṃ bhikkhuṃ pattaggāhāpakaṃ sammanneyya, esā ñatti<a name="M0.0328"></a>. Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho, saṅgho itthannāmaṃ bhikkhuṃ pattaggāhāpakaṃ sammannati, yassāyasmato khamati itthannāmassa bhikkhuno pattaggāhāpakassa sammuti, so tuṇhassa. Yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya. Sammato saṅghena itthannāmo bhikkhu pattaggāhāpako, khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti (pārā. 614) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Evaṃ padabhājane vuttāya ñattidutiyakammavācāya sammatena. <span class="bld">Pattassa vijjamānaguṇaṃ vatvā</span>ti ‘‘ayaṃ, bhante, patto pamāṇayutto sundaro therānurūpo’’tiādinā (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.615) vijjamānānisaṃsaṃ vatvā. <span class="bld">Pattapariyanto</span>ti pariyante ṭhitapatto. <span class="bld">Adese</span>ti mañcapīṭhacchattanāgadantakādike adese. Pattassa hi nikkhipanadeso ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ādhāraka’’ntiādinā nayena khandhake vuttoyeva. <span class="bld">Aparibhogenā</span>ti yāgurandhanarajanapacanādinā ayuttaparibhogena. Antarāmagge pana byādhimhi uppanne aññasmiṃ bhājane asati mattikāya limpitvā yāguṃ pacituṃ, udakaṃ vā tāpetuṃ vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Vissajjetī</span>ti aññassa deti. Sace pana saddhivihāriko vā antevāsiko vā aññaṃ varapattaṃ ṭhapetvā ‘‘ayaṃ mayhaṃ sāruppo, ayaṃ therassā’’ti gaṇhāti, vaṭṭati. Añño vā taṃ gahetvā attano pattaṃ deti, vaṭṭati. ‘‘Mayhameva pattaṃ āharā’’ti vattabbakiccaṃ natthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ñātakappavārite</span>ti ettha saṅghavasena pavāritaṭṭhāne pañcabandhaneneva vaṭṭati, puggalavasena pana pavāritaṭṭhāne <a name="V0.0302"></a> ūnapañcabandhanenāpi. <span class="bld">Akataviññatti</span> nāma ‘‘vada, bhante, paccayenā’’ti evaṃ akataṭṭhāne viññatti.</p>
<p class="centered">Ūnapañcabandhanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">3. Bhesajjasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uggahetvā</span>ti uggahitakaṃ katvā, appaṭiggahitaṃ sayameva gahetvāti attho. Sattāhātikkamepi anāpattikatā cettha anajjhoharaṇīyataṃ āpannattāti veditabbaṃ. Kasmā etena idaṃ dassitaṃ hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tāni hī’’</span>tiādi. Bhisakkassa imāni tena anuññātattāti <span class="bld">bhesajjāni,</span> yesaṃ <a name="M0.0329"></a> kesañci sappāyānametaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘bhesajjakiccaṃ karontu vā, mā vā, evaṃ laddhavohārānī’’</span>ti. Idāni sattāhakālikaṃ nissaggiyavatthubhūtaṃ sappinavanītaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sappi nāma gavādīna’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena ajikādīnaṃ gahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Yesaṃ maṃsaṃ kappatī’’</span>ti iminā pākaṭehi goajikādīhi aññānipi migarohitādīni saṅgaṇhāti. Yesañhi khīraṃ atthi, sappipi tesaṃ atthiyeva. Taṃ pana sulabhaṃ vā hotu, dullabhaṃ vā, asaṃmohatthaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Makkhikāmadhumevā</span>ti khuddakabhamaramadhukarīhi tīhi makkhikāhi kataṃ madhumeva. <span class="bld">Ucchurasa</span>nti suddhodakasambhinnānaṃ vasena duvidhampi ucchurasaṃ. ‘‘Agilānassa guḷodaka’’nti (mahāva. 284) pana uddissa anuññātattā udakasambhinno agilānassa vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">‘‘Avatthukapakkā vā’’</span>ti iminā savatthukapakkā na vaṭṭatīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Mahāpaccariyaṃ</span> pana ‘‘etaṃ savatthukapakkaṃ vaṭṭati, no vaṭṭatīti pucchaṃ katvā ucchuphāṇitaṃ pacchābhattaṃ novaṭṭanakaṃ nāma natthī’’ti vuttaṃ, taṃ yuttanti <span class="bld">samantapāsādikāyaṃ</span> (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.623) vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ucchuvikatī</span>ti ucchumhā nibbattā rasalasikādikā. Pakatattānaṃ paṭiniddesattā <span class="bld">taṃ</span>-saddassa tena pakatānaṃ bhesajjānaṃ eva gahaṇaṃ, na tesaṃ vatthūnanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tāni bhesajjānī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Na tesaṃ vatthūnī</span>ti tesaṃ sappiādīnaṃ kāraṇāni khīrādīni appaṭiggahetvāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vasātela</span>nti (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.623) ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, vasāni bhesajjāni acchavasaṃ macchavasaṃ susukāvasaṃ sūkaravasaṃ gadrabhavasa’’nti (mahāva. 262) evaṃ anuññātavasānaṃ telaṃ. <span class="bld">Yānī</span>ti yāni bhesajjāni. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, vasāni bhesajjāni acchavasaṃ macchavasaṃ susukāvasaṃ sūkaravasaṃ gadrabhavasaṃ kāle paṭiggahitaṃ kāle nippakkaṃ <a name="V0.0303"></a> kāle saṃsaṭṭhaṃ telaparibhogena paribhuñjitu’’nti evaṃ telatthaṃ vasāpaṭiggahaṇassa anuññātattā <span class="bld">‘‘vasātelaṃ panā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Kāle</span>ti purebhattaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṃsaṭṭha</span>nti parissāvitaṃ. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā anuññātaṃ, tasmā. ‘‘Acchavasa’’nti vacanena ṭhapetvā manussavasaṃ sabbesaṃ akappiyamaṃsānaṃ vasāya anuññātattā <span class="bld">‘‘ṭhapetvā manussavasa’’</span>nti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sāmaṃ pacitvā</span>ti kāleyeva sāmaṃ pacitvā. <span class="bld">Nibbattitatelampī</span>ti kāleyeva attanā vivecitatelampi. Tividhampi cetaṃ kāleyeva vaṭṭati. Vuttampi cetaṃ ‘‘kāle ce, bhikkhave, paṭiggahitaṃ kāle nippakkaṃ kāle <a name="M0.0330"></a> saṃsaṭṭhaṃ, taṃ ce paribhuñjeyya, anāpattī’’ti. Pacchābhattaṃ pana paṭiggahetuṃ vā kātuṃ vā na vaṭṭatiyeva. Vuttampi cetaṃ ‘‘vikāle ce, bhikkhave, paṭiggahitaṃ vikāle nippakkaṃ vikāle saṃsaṭṭhaṃ, taṃ ce paribhuñjeyya, āpatti tiṇṇaṃ dukkaṭānaṃ. Kāle ce, bhikkhave, paṭiggahitaṃ vikāle nippakkaṃ vikāle saṃsaṭṭhaṃ, taṃ ce paribhuñjeyya, āpatti dvinnaṃ dukkaṭānaṃ. Kāle ce, bhikkhave, paṭiggahitaṃ kāle nippakkaṃ vikāle saṃsaṭṭhaṃ, taṃ ce paribhuñjeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti (mahāva. 262). <span class="bld">‘‘Sattāhaṃ nirāmisaparibhogena vaṭṭatī’’</span>ti iminā pana ‘‘kāle paṭiggahitaṃ kāle nippakkaṃ kāle saṃsaṭṭhaṃ telaparibhogena paribhuñjitu’’nti idaṃ nirāmisaparibhogaṃ sandhāya vuttanti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yaṃ panettha (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.623) sukhumarajasadisaṃ maṃsaṃ vā nhāru vā aṭṭhi vā lohitaṃ vā hoti, taṃ abbohārikaṃ. Sace pana anupasampanno tāya paṭiggahitavasāya telaṃ katvā deti, taṃ kathanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘anupasampannenā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Tadahū</span>ti yasmiṃ ahani paṭiggahitaṃ, tadahu. Pacchābhattato paṭṭhāya pana sattāhaṃ nirāmisameva vaṭṭati. Tatrāpi abbohārikaṃ abbohārikameva. Yāvakālikavatthūnaṃ aññesaṃ vatthuṃ pacituṃ na vaṭṭatīti sambandho. Tattha <span class="bld">yāvakālikavatthūna</span>nti yāvakālikaṃ vatthu etesanti yāvakālikavatthūni, tesaṃ, yāvakālikavatthumantānanti attho. <span class="bld">Aññesa</span>nti vasātelato aññesaṃ sappiādīnaṃ. <span class="bld">Vatthu</span>nti khīrādikaṃ yāvakālikabhūtaṃ vatthuṃ, pacituṃ na vaṭṭatiyeva, sāmaṃpākattāti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nibbattitasappiṃ vā</span>ti yāvakālikavatthuto vivecitasappiṃ vā. Yathā tattha dadhigataṃ vā takkagataṃ vā khayaṃ gamissati, evaṃ jhāpitaṃ vāti attho. <span class="bld">Navanītaṃ vā</span>ti takkabindūnipi dadhiguḷikāyopi apanetvā sudhotanavanītaṃ pacituṃ vaṭṭati sāmaṃpakkābhāvatoti adhippāyo. Yadi sayaṃpacitasattāhakālikena saddhiṃ āmisaṃ bhuñjati, taṃ āmisaṃ sayaṃpacitasattāhakālikena missitaṃ attano yāvakālikabhāvaṃ sattāhakālikena gaṇhāpeti. Tathā <a name="V0.0304"></a> ca yāvakālikaṃ apakkampi sayaṃpakkabhāvaṃ upagacchatīti <span class="bld">‘‘taṃ pana tadahupurebhattampi sāmisaṃ paribhuñjituṃ na vaṭṭatī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Yathā sayaṃpakkasattāhakālikaṃ vasātelaṃ, sayaṃbhajjitasāsapādiyāvajīvikavatthūnaṃ telañca sāmisaṃ tadahupurebhattampi na vaṭṭati, tathā navanītasappīti veditabbaṃ. Vuttañca –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yāvakālikaādīni<a name="M0.0331"></a>, saṃsaṭṭhāni sahattanā;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Gāhāpayanti sabbhāva’’nti ca;</p>
<p class="gatha3">‘‘Teheva bhikkhunā pattaṃ, kappate yāvajīvikaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Nirāmisaṃva sattāhaṃ, sāmise sāmapākatā’’ti ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Khīrādito</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">ādi</span>saddena tilādīnaṃ gahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Sāmisānipī</span>ti na kevalaṃ nirāmisānevāti attho. Pacchābhattato pana paṭṭhāya na vaṭṭantiyeva. Sattāhātikkamepi anāpatti savatthukānaṃ paṭiggahitattā. ‘‘Tāni paṭiggahetvā’’ti (pārā. 622) hi vuttaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘pacchābhattato paṭṭhāyā’’</span>tiādi. Pacchābhattaṃ paṭiggahitakehi kataṃ pana abbhañjanādīsu upanetabbaṃ, purebhattampi ca uggahitakehi kataṃ. Ubhayesampi sattāhātikkamepi anāpatti. <span class="bld">Antosattāhe</span>ti sattāhabbhantare. <span class="bld">Abbhañjanādīna</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">ādi</span>saddena muddhanitelaarumakkhanagharadhūpanādīnaṃ gahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Adhiṭṭhahitvā</span>ti ‘‘idāni na mayhaṃ ajjhoharaṇatthāya bhavissati, idaṃ sappi ca telañca vasā ca muddhanitelatthaṃ vā abbhañjanatthaṃ vā bhavissati, madhu arumakkhanatthaṃ vā phāṇitaṃ gharadhūpanatthaṃ vā bhavissatī’’ti evaṃ cittaṃ uppādetvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ko panettha yāvakālikayāvajīvikavatthūsu visesoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yāvajīvikānī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Yāva aruṇassa uggamanā tiṭṭhatī</span>ti sattamadivase katatelaṃ sace yāva aruṇuggamanā tiṭṭhatīti attho. <span class="bld">Pāḷiyaṃ anāgatasappiādīna</span>nti ettha tāva migarohitādīnaṃ sappi pāḷiyaṃ anāgatasappi, tathā navanītaṃ, nāḷikeranimbakosambakaramandasāsapaādīnaṃ telaṃ pana pāḷiyaṃ anāgatatelaṃ, tathā madhukapupphaphāṇitaṃ pāḷiyaṃ anāgataphāṇitanti veditabbaṃ. Na sabbaṃ madhukapupphaphāṇitaṃ phāṇitagatikanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sītudakenā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Sītudakena kata</span>nti madhukapupphāni sītudake pakkhipitvā amadditvā puppharase udakagate sati taṃ udakaṃ gahetvā pacitvā kataṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Phāṇitagatikamevā’’</span>ti iminā sattāhakālikanti dasseti, na pana nissaggiyavatthunti. Tasmā sattāhaṃ atikkāmayato dukkaṭanti veditabbaṃ. Vuttampi cetaṃ <span class="bld">samantapāsādikāyaṃ</span> sītudakena kataṃ madhukapupphaphāṇitaṃ purebhattaṃ sāmisaṃ vaṭṭati<a name="M0.0332"></a>, pacchābhattato paṭṭhāya <a name="V0.0305"></a> sattāhaṃ nirāmisameva, sattāhātikkame vatthugaṇanāya dukkaṭa’’nti. Sace pana khīraṃ pakkhipitvā kataṃ, yāvakālikaṃ. Khaṇḍasakkharaṃ pana khīrajallikaṃ apanetvā sodhenti, tasmā vaṭṭati, ambajambupanasakadalikhajjuriciñcādīnaṃ sabbesaṃ yāvakālikaphalānaṃ phāṇitaṃ yāvakālikamevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ambaphāṇitādīni yāvakālikānī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāyikaparibhogaṃ vaṭṭatī</span>ti kāyassa vā kāye aruno vā makkhanaṃ vaṭṭati, ajjhoharituṃ pana na vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Ya</span>nti sattāhātikkantaṃ bhesajjaṃ. <span class="bld">Nirapekkho pariccajitvā</span>ti anapekkho sāmaṇerassa datvā. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti evaṃ pariccajitvā puna laddhabhesajjaṃ. Evañhi dinnaṃ bhesajjaṃ sace so sāmaṇero abhisaṅkharitvā vā anabhisaṅkharitvā vā tassa bhikkhuno dadeyya, gahetvā natthukammaṃ vā kātabbaṃ, aññaṃ vā kañci paribhogaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ajjhoharitumpi vaṭṭatī’’</span>ti. Sace so bālo hoti, dātuṃ na jānāti, aññena bhikkhunā vattabbo ‘‘atthi te, sāmaṇera, bhesajja’’nti, ‘‘āma, bhante, atthī’’ti. ‘‘Āhara, therassa bhesajjaṃ karissāmā’’ti, evampi vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Vatthugaṇanāyā</span>ti sappiādivatthugaṇanāya ceva sappipiṇḍādivatthugaṇanāya ca. Missitesu pana ekaṃ nissaggiyaṃ pācittiyaṃ. Ettha ca ‘‘idaṃ me, bhante, bhesajjaṃ sattāhātikkantaṃ nissaggiyaṃ, imāhaṃ saṅghassa nissajjāmī’’ti (pārā. 623) nissajjanavidhānaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sādhāraṇapaññatti. Sattāhaṃ anatikkantepi atikkantasaññino ceva vematikassa ca dukkaṭaṃ. Atikkante anatikkantasaññinopi vematikassapi nissaggiyaṃ pācittiyameva, tathā anadhiṭṭhitāvissajjitānaṭṭhāvinaṭṭhādaḍḍhāviluttesu adhiṭṭhitādisaññino. Antosattāhaṃ adhiṭṭhite, vissajjite, naṭṭhe, vinaṭṭhe, daḍḍhe, acchinne, vissāsena gahite ummattakādīnañca anāpatti. Ācāravipatti. Sappiādīnaṃ attano santakatā, gaṇanupagatā, sattāhātikkamoti imānettha tīṇi aṅgāni. Kathinasamuṭṭhānaṃ, akiriyaṃ, nosaññāvimokkhaṃ, acittakaṃ, paṇṇattivajjaṃ, kāyakammaṃ, vacīkammaṃ, ticittaṃ, tivedanaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sesaṃ cīvaravaggassa paṭhamasikkhāpade vuttanayeneva veditabba’’</span>nti (kaṅkhā. aṭṭha. kathinasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā).</p>
<p class="centered">Bhesajjasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">4. Vassikasāṭikasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pacchimamāsassa</span> <a name="M0.0333"></a><a name="V0.0306"></a> <span class="bld">paṭhamadivasato paṭṭhāyā</span>ti jeṭṭhamūlapuṇṇamāsiyā pacchimapāṭipadadivasato paṭṭhāya. <span class="bld">Tāvā</span>ti tāva parimāṇe kāle. Jeṭṭhamūlapuṇṇamāsiyā pacchimapāṭipadadivasato paṭṭhāya yāva kattikapuṇṇamā, imasmiṃ pañcamāseti attho. <span class="bld">Kālo vassikasāṭikāyātiādinā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">ādi</span>saddena ‘‘samayo vassikasāṭikāya, aññepi manussā vassikasāṭikacīvaraṃ dentī’’ti (pārā. 628) imesaṃ gahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Detha me vassikasāṭikacīvarantiādikāyā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">ādi</span>saddena pana ‘‘āharatha me vassikasāṭikacīvaraṃ, parivattetha me vassikasāṭikacīvaraṃ, cetāpetha me vassikasāṭikacīvara’’nti imesaṃ gahaṇaṃ. Attano aññātakaappavāritesu tadubhayaṃ karontassa kiṃ hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘aññātakaappavāritaṭṭhāne’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">‘‘Vattabhede dukkaṭa’’</span>nti idaṃ vassikasāṭikaṃ pubbe adente sandhāya vuttaṃ. Ye pana pubbepi denti, tesu vattabhedo natthi. Vuttañhi <span class="bld">samantapāsādikāyaṃ</span> ‘‘ye manussā pubbepi vassikasāṭikacīvaraṃ denti, ime pana sacepi attano aññātakaappavāritā honti, vattabhedo natthi tesu satuppādakaraṇassa anuññātattā’’ti (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.628). <span class="bld">Aññātakaviññattisikkhāpadena nissaggiyaṃ pācittiya</span>nti ‘‘yo pana bhikkhu aññātakaṃ gahapatiṃ vā gahapatāniṃ vā cīvaraṃ viññāpeyya aññatra samayā, nissaggiyaṃ pācittiya’’nti (pārā. 518) iminā sikkhāpadena nissaggiyaṃ pācittiyaṃ. Idaṃ pana pakatiyā vassikasāṭikadāyakesupi hotiyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gimhānaṃ pacchimaddhamāsassa paṭhamadivasato paṭṭhāyā</span>ti ettha jeṭṭhamūlakāḷapakkhūposathassa pacchimapāṭipadadivasato paṭṭhāya yāva āsāḷhipuṇṇamā, ayamaddhamāso gimhānaṃ pacchimaddhamāso nāma, tassa paṭhamadivasato paṭṭhāyāti attho, addhamāsassa paṭhamapāṭipadadivasato paṭṭhāyāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Kattikamāsassa pacchimadivaso</span> nāma pacchimakattikamāsassa puṇṇamā. <span class="bld">Ettāvatā</span>ti ‘‘māso seso gimhānanti bhikkhunā vassikasāṭikacīvaraṃ pariyesitabbaṃ, addhamāso seso gimhānanti katvā nivāsetabba’’nti ettakena gaṇanena. <span class="bld">Pariyesanakkhetta</span>nti pariyesanassa khettaṃ. Etasmiñhi māse vassikasāṭikaṃ aladdhaṃ pariyesituṃ vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Karaṇanivāsanakkhettampī</span>ti karaṇakkhettañceva nivāsanakkhettañca. <span class="bld">Pi</span>-saddena pariyesanakkhettaṃ <a name="M0.0334"></a> sampiṇḍeti. Etasmiñhi addhamāse pariyesituṃ, kātuṃ, nivāsetuñca vaṭṭati, adhiṭṭhātuṃyeva na vaṭṭati. Yaṃ pana <span class="bld">samantapāsādikāyaṃ</span> katthaci potthake ‘‘jeṭṭhamūlapuṇṇamāsiyā pacchimapāṭipadadivasato paṭṭhāya yāva kālapakkhuposatho, ayameko addhamāso pariyesanakkhettañceva karaṇakkhettañca. Etasmiñhi antare vassikasāṭikaṃ aladdhaṃ pariyesituṃ<a name="V0.0307"></a>, laddhaṃ kātuñca vaṭṭati, nivāsetuṃ, adhiṭṭhātuñca na vaṭṭatī’’ti (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.628) vacanaṃ dissati, taṃ pamādalikhitaṃ mātikāya virodhatoti daṭṭhabbaṃ. ‘‘Addhamāso seso gimhānanti katvā nivāsetabba’’nti (pārā. 627) hi pāḷi. <span class="bld">Sabbampī</span>ti pariyesanaṃ, karaṇaṃ, nivāsanaṃ, adhiṭṭhānañcāti sabbampi. Iminā ime cattāro māsā pariyesanakaraṇanivāsanādhiṭṭhānānaṃ catunnampi khettanti dasseti. Etesu hi catūsu māsesu aladdhaṃ pariyesituṃ, laddhaṃ kātuṃ, nivāsetuṃ, adhiṭṭhātuñca vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vassaṃ ukkaḍḍhīyatī</span>ti saṃvaccharaṃ uddhaṃ kaḍḍhīyati vaḍḍhīyati, āruyhatīti attho, vassānassa paṭhamamāsaṃ ukkaḍḍhitvā gimhānaṃ pacchimamāsameva karontīti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Vassūpanāyikadivase adhiṭṭhātabbā</span>ti vassānato pubbeyeva dasāhassa atikkantattā vassūpanāyikadivaseyeva adhiṭṭhātabbā. Tañhi divasaṃ atikkāmetuṃ na vaṭṭati. Antovasse pana laddhā ceva niṭṭhitā ca tasmiṃyeva antovasse laddhadivasato paṭṭhāya dasāhaṃ nātikkāmetabbā, dasāhātikkame niṭṭhitā pana tadaheva adhiṭṭhātabbā. Dasāhe appahonte cīvarakālaṃ nātikkāmetabbā. Ayaṃ tāva katāya parihāro. Akatāya pana ko parihāroti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sace’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Ekāhampi na labhati</span> ito aññassa parihārassābhāvatoti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">So kuto hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yāva hemantassa paṭhamadivaso’’</span>ti, jeṭṭhamūlapuṇṇamāsito paṭṭhāya yāva kattikapuṇṇamāsiyā pacchimapāṭipadadivaso, tāvāti attho. <span class="bld">Etesu sattasu piṭṭhisamayamāsesū</span>ti paṭilomakkamena vuttesu kattikapuṇṇamāsiyā pacchimapāṭipadādīsu jeṭṭhamūlapuṇṇamāsāvasānesu etesu sattasu piṭṭhisamayanāmakesu māsesu. <span class="bld">Satuppādakaraṇenā</span>ti ‘‘kālo vassikasāṭikāyā’’tiādinā nayena satuppādakaraṇena. <span class="bld">Viññāpentassā</span>ti ‘‘detha <a name="M0.0335"></a> me vassikasāṭikacīvara’’ntiādinā (pārā. 628) nayena viññattiṃ karontassa. <span class="bld">Tena sikkhāpadena anāpattī</span>ti aññātakaviññattisikkhāpadena anāpatti, iminā pana sikkhāpadena āpattiyeva asamayattā. Vuttañhetaṃ <span class="bld">bhadantabuddhadattācariyena</span> –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Katvā pana satuppādaṃ, vassasāṭikacīvaraṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Nipphādentassa bhikkhussa, samaye piṭṭhisammate.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Hoti <a name="V0.0308"></a> nissaggiyāpatti, ñātakāññātakādino;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tesuyeva ca viññattiṃ, katvā nipphādane tathā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca ‘‘idaṃ me, bhante, vassikasāṭikacīvaraṃ atirekamāse sese gimhāne pariyiṭṭhaṃ atirekaddhamāse sese gimhāne katvā paridahitaṃ nissaggiya’’nti iminā (pārā. 628) nayena nissajjanavidhānaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vassikasāṭikapariyesanavatthusmi</span>nti paṭikacceva vassikasāṭikapariyesanavatthusmiṃ. <span class="bld">Tikapācittiya</span>nti atirekamāsaddhamāsesu atirekasaññivematikaūnakasaññīnaṃ pariyesananivāsanavasena tīṇi pācittiyāni, ekasesaniddeso cāyaṃ, sāmaññaniddeso vā. <span class="bld">Ūnakamāsaddhamāsesū</span>ti ūnakamāse ceva ūnakaddhamāse ca. <span class="bld">Atirekasaññino, vematikassa vā dukkaṭa</span>nti ettha ‘‘pariyesananivāsanaṃ karontassā’’ti pāṭhaseso. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – ‘‘ūnakamāse sese gimhāne atirekasaññino, vematikassa vā pariyesantassa dukkaṭaṃ, ūnakaddhamāse sese gimhāne ca atirekasaññino, vematikassa vā nivāsentassa dukkaṭa’’nti. <span class="bld">‘‘Tathā’’</span>ti iminā dukkaṭaṃ atidisati, tañca dukkaṭaṃ udakaphusitagaṇanāya akatvā nhānapariyosānavasena payoge payoge kāretabbaṃ, tañca kho vivaṭaṅgaṇe ākāsato patitaudakeneva nhāyantassa, na nhānakoṭṭhakavāpiādīsu ghaṭehi āsittūdakena nhāyantassa. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘satiyā vassikasāṭikāyā’’</span>tiādi. Pokkharaṇiyādīsu pana naggassa nhāyantassa anāpattīti sambandho, pokkharaṇiyādīsu pana satiyāpi vassikasāṭikāya naggassa nhāyantassa natthi dukkaṭāpattīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ <a name="M0.0336"></a> antarāpattiyā anāpattiṃ dassetvā idāni nissaggiyena anāpattiṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘acchinnacīvarassā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">acchinnacīvarassā</span>ti acchinnasesacīvarassa. Tassāpi asamaye nivāsato anāpatti. Esa nayo <span class="bld">naṭṭhacīvarassa vā</span>ti etthāpi. Yathā cettha nivāsentānaṃ tesaṃ anāpatti, evaṃ tattha pariyesantānampīti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Ettha pana mahagghavassikasāṭikaṃ ṭhapetvā nhāyantassa corūpaddavo āpadā nāmāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘anivattha’’</span>ntiādi. <span class="bld">Āpadāsu vā nivāsayato</span>ti āpadāsu vijjamānāsu asamaye nivāsentassa. Yaṃ pana <span class="bld">samantapāsādikāyaṃ</span> ‘‘acchinnacīvarassāti etaṃ vassikasāṭikaṃyeva sandhāya vuttaṃ. Tesañhi naggānaṃ kāyovassāpane anāpatti. Ettha ca mahagghavassikasāṭikaṃ nivāsetvā nhāyantassa corūpaddavo āpadā nāmā’’ti acchinnacīvarādino nissaggiyena anāpattiṃ <a name="V0.0309"></a> adassetvā naggassa nhāyato dukkaṭeneva anāpattidassanaṃ, taṃ yuttaṃ viya na dissati. Sabbasikkhāpadesu hi mūlāpattiyā eva āpattippasaṅge anāpattidassanatthaṃ anāpattivāro ārabhīyati, na antarāpattiyāti, tasmā upaparikkhitabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Sacīvaratā</span>ti antaravāsakauttarāsaṅgehi sacīvaratā.</p>
<p class="centered">Vassikasāṭikasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">5. Cīvaraacchindanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Datvā’’</span>ti yaṃ kiñci paccāsīsamānasseva dānamiha adhippetaṃ, na nissaṭṭhadānanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘veyyāvaccādīnī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Sakasaññāyā</span>ti ‘‘saka’’nti saññāya. Iminā pārājikābhāvaṃ dasseti. Cajitvā dinnampi hi sakasaññāya gaṇhato natthi pārājikaṃ. <span class="bld">Acchindantassā</span>ti ekato abaddhāni, visuṃ ṭhapitāni ca bahūni acchindato, ‘‘saṅghāṭiṃ āhara, uttarāsaṅgaṃ āharā’’ti evaṃ āharāpayato ca. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vatthugaṇanāya āpattiyo’’</span>ti. ‘‘Mayā dinnāni sabbāni āharā’’ti vadatopi ekavacaneneva sambahulā āpattiyo. Ekaṃ cīvaraṃ pana ekābaddhāni ca bahūni acchindato ekā āpatti. <span class="bld">‘‘Acchindā’’ti āṇattiyā dukkaṭa</span>nti ‘‘mayā dinnāni sabbāni gaṇhā’’ti āṇattiyā ekaṃ dukkaṭaṃ, acchinnesu pana <a name="M0.0337"></a> ekavacaneneva sambahulā pācittiyo. Tenāha ‘‘acchinnesu vatthugaṇanāya āpattiyo’’ti. <span class="bld">Acchinnesū</span>ti tenāṇattena acchinnesu cīvaresu. Yattha pana potthakesu <span class="bld">‘‘acchinnesu yattakāni āṇattāni, tesaṃ gaṇanāya āpattiyo’’</span>ti pāṭho, tattha <span class="bld">yattakāni āṇattānī</span>ti yattakāni cīvarāni gaṇhituṃ āṇattānīti attho. Yaṃ pana <span class="bld">samantapāsādikāyaṃ</span> ‘‘cīvaraṃ ‘gaṇhā’ti āṇāpeti, ekaṃ dukkaṭaṃ. Āṇatto bahūni gaṇhāti, ekaṃ pācittiya’’nti (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.633) vuttaṃ, taṃ ekābaddhaṃ sandhāya. Evañca katvā samantapāsādikāya saddhiṃ imāya aṭṭhakathāya na koci virodho. Sace pana ‘‘saṅghāṭiṃ gaṇha, uttarāsaṅgaṃ gaṇhā’’ti āṇāpeti, vācāya vācāya dukkaṭaṃ. Acchinnesu vatthugaṇanāya āpattiyo. Ettha ca ‘‘idaṃ me, bhante, cīvaraṃ bhikkhussa sāmaṃ datvā acchinnaṃ nissaggiya’’nti (pārā. 633) iminā nayena nissajjanavidhānaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tikapācittiya</span>nti upasampanne upasampannasaññivematikaanupasampannasaññīnaṃ vasena tīṇi pācittiyāni. <span class="bld">Aññaṃ parikkhāra</span>nti pattādiṃ aññaṃ parikkhāraṃ, antamaso sūcimpīti attho. Na <a name="V0.0310"></a> kevalaṃ anupasampannassa cīvaraṃyeva acchindato dukkaṭanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘anupasampannassa cā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">yaṃ kiñcī</span>ti cīvaraṃ vā hotu, pattādi, yaṃ kiñci parikkhāraṃ vā. <span class="bld">Tassa vissāsaṃ gaṇhantassā</span>ti yassa dinnaṃ, tassa vissāsena gaṇhantassa, tatiyatthe cetaṃ upayogavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Upasampannatā</span>ti acchindanasamaye upasampannabhāvo. Kiñcāpi upasampannabhāvo <span class="bld">pāḷiyaṃ,</span> mātikaṭṭhakathāyañca dānaggahaṇesu dissati, tathāpi anupasampannakāle cīvaraṃ datvā upasampannakāle acchindantassa āpattito acchindanakāleyeva upasampannatā aṅganti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Cīvaraacchindanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">6. Suttaviññattisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Chabbidhaṃ khomasuttādi</span>nti ‘‘suttaṃ nāma cha suttāni khomaṃ kappāsikaṃ koseyyaṃ kambalaṃ sāṇaṃ bhaṅga’’nti (pārā. 638) evaṃ vuttaṃ chabbidhaṃ khomasuttādiṃ. Tattha <a name="M0.0338"></a> <span class="bld">khoma</span>nti (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.636-38) khomavākehi katasuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Kappāsika</span>nti kappāsato nibbattaṃ. <span class="bld">Koseyya</span>nti kosiyaṃsūhi kantitvā katasuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Kambala</span>nti eḷakalomasuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sāṇa</span>nti sāṇavākena katasuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhaṅga</span>nti pāṭekkaṃ vākasuttamevāti eke. Pañcahipi missetvā katasuttaṃ pana ‘‘bhaṅga’’nti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Tesaṃ anuloma</span>nti tesaṃ khomādīnaṃ anulomaṃ dukūlaṃ pattuṇṇaṃ somārapaṭṭaṃ cīnapaṭṭaṃ iddhijaṃ devadinnanti chabbidhaṃ suttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Turī</span>ti vāyanūpakaraṇo eko daṇḍo, vītavītaṭṭhānaṃ yattha saṃharitvā ṭhapenti. <span class="bld">Vema</span>nti vāyanūpakaraṇo eko daṇḍo, suttaṃ pavesetvā yena ākoṭento ghanabhāvaṃ sampādenti. <span class="bld">Tassa sabbappayogesu dukkaṭa</span>nti tantavāyassa ye te turivemasajjanādikā payogā, tesu sabbesu payogesu bhikkhussa dukkaṭaṃ, tassa tantavāyassa payoge payoge bhikkhussa dukkaṭanti vuttaṃ hoti. Turiādīnaṃ abhāve tesaṃ karaṇatthaṃ vāsipharasuādīnaṃ maggananisānarukkhacchedanādisabbappayogepi eseva nayo. Tantūnaṃ attano santakattā vītavītaṭṭhānaṃ paṭiladdhameva hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘paṭilābhena nissaggiyaṃ hotī’’</span>ti, vikappanupagapacchimacīvarappamāṇe vīte nissaggiyaṃ hotīti vuttaṃ hoti. Teneva vakkhati ‘‘dīghato vidatthimatte, tiriyañca hatthamatte vīte nissaggiyaṃ pācittiya’’nti. Ettha ca ‘‘idaṃ me, bhante, cīvaraṃ sāmaṃ suttaṃ viññāpetvā tantavāyehi vāyāpitaṃ nissaggiya’’nti iminā nayena nissajjanavidhānaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tenevā</span>ti <a name="V0.0311"></a> viññāpitatantavāyeneva. <span class="bld">Evaṃ idha dukkaṭa</span>nti idhāpi tantavāyeneva dīghato vidatthimatte, tiriyaṃ hatthamatte vīte dukkaṭanti attho. <span class="bld">Akappiyasuttamaye</span>ti viññāpitasuttamaye. <span class="bld">Itarasmi</span>nti aviññattisuttamaye paricchede. <span class="bld">Tato ce ūnatarā</span>ti vuttappamāṇato ce ūnatarā, antamaso (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.636-638) acchimaṇḍalappamāṇāpīti adhippāyo. Kappiyatantavāyenapi akappiyasuttaṃ vāyāpentassa yathā pubbe nissaggiyaṃ, evamidha dukkaṭaṃ. Teneva kappiyañca akappiyañca suttaṃ vāyāpentassa sace pacchimacīvarappamāṇā vā ūnakā vā akappiyasuttaparicchedā honti, tesu paricchedagaṇanāya dukkaṭaṃ. Kappiyasuttaparicchedesu anāpatti. Atha ekantarikena vā suttena, dīghato vā kappiyaṃ tiriyaṃ akappiyaṃ katvā vītaṃ hoti, pamāṇayutte paricchede paricchede dukkaṭaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadi <a name="M0.0339"></a> pana (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.636-638) dve tantavāyā honti eko kappiyo eko akappiyo, suttañca akappiyaṃ, te ce vārena vinanti, akappiyatantavāyena vīte pamāṇayutte paricchede paricchede pācittiyaṃ, ūnatare dukkaṭaṃ. Itarena vīte ubhayattha dukkaṭaṃ. Sace dvepi vemaṃ gahetvā ekato vinanti, pamāṇayutte paricchede paricchede pācittiyaṃ. Atha suttaṃ kappiyaṃ, cīvarañca kedārabaddhādīhi saparicchedaṃ, akappiyatantavāyena vīte paricchede paricchede dukkaṭaṃ, itarena vīte anāpatti. Sace dvepi ekato vinanti, pamāṇayutte paricchede paricchede dukkaṭaṃ. Atha suttampi kappiyañca akappiyañca, te ce vārena vinanti, akappiyatantavāyena akappiyasuttamayesu pacchimacīvarappamāṇesu paricchedesu vītesu paricchedagaṇanāya pācittiyaṃ, ūnataresu kappiyasuttamayesu ca dukkaṭaṃ. Kappiyatantavāyena akappiyasuttamayesu pamāṇayuttesu vā ūnakesu vā dukkaṭameva, kappiyasuttamayesu anāpatti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha ekantarikena vā suttena, dīghato vā akappiyaṃ tiriyaṃ akappiyaṃ katvā vinanti, ubhopi vā te vemaṃ gahetvā ekato vinanti, aparicchede cīvare pamāṇayutte paricchede paricchede dukkaṭaṃ, saparicchede paricchedavasena dukkaṭāni. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘eteneva upāyenā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca tantavāyo tāva aññātakaappavāritato viññattiyā laddho akappiyo, seso kappiyo. Suttampi sāmaṃ viññāpitaṃ akappiyaṃ, sesaṃ, ñātakādivasena uppannañca kappiyanti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Tikapācittiya</span>nti vāyāpite vāyāpitasaññivematikaavāyāpitasaññīnaṃ vasena tīṇi pācittiyāni. <span class="bld">Cīvaratthāya viññāpitasutta</span>nti sāmaṃ vā aññena vā cīvaratthāya viññāpitasuttaṃ<a name="V0.0312"></a>. Kiñcāpi pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘sāmaṃ suttaṃ viññāpetvā’’ti vuttaṃ, tathāpi idha ‘‘cīvaratthāya sāmaṃ viññāpitasutta’’nti avatvā kevalaṃ ‘‘cīvaratthāya viññāpitasutta’’nti aṅgesu vuttattā aññena cīvaratthāya viññāpitasuttampi saṅgahaṃ gacchatīti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Akappiyaviññattiyā</span>ti ‘‘cīvaraṃ me, āvuso, vāyathā’’ti evaṃbhūtāya akappiyaviññattiyā.</p>
<p class="centered">Suttaviññattisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">7. Mahāpesakārasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cīvarasāmikehi</span> <a name="M0.0340"></a> <span class="bld">pubbe appavārito hutvā</span>ti ‘‘kīdisena te, bhante, cīvarena attho, kīdisaṃ te cīvaraṃ vāyāpemi, vada, bhante, yadicchasī’’ti cīvarasāmikehi pubbe avutto hutvā. Ettha ca āyatādīhi tīhi suttavaḍḍhanākārena saha vāyanākāraṃ dasseti, suvītādīhi catūhi vāyanākārameva. <span class="bld">‘‘Kiñcimattaṃ anupadajjeyyāmā’’</span>tiādi tassa kattabbākāramattadassanaṃ, na pana aṅgadassanaṃ suttavaḍḍhanavaseneva āpajjitabbattāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘na bhikkhuno piṇḍapātadānamattenā’’</span>tiādi. Ettha ca ‘‘idaṃ me, bhante, cīvaraṃ pubbe appavāritena aññātakassa gahapatikassa tantavāye upasaṅkamitvā cīvare vikappaṃ āpannaṃ nissaggiya’’nti (pārā. 643) iminā nayena nissajjanavidhānaṃ veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Tikapācittiya</span>nti aññātake aññātakasaññivematikañātakasaññīnaṃ vasena tīṇi pācittiyāni.</p>
<p class="centered">Mahāpesakārasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">8. Accekacīvarasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭhamapadassā</span>ti ‘‘dasāhānāgata’’nti padassa. <span class="bld">Purimanayenevā</span>ti accantasaṃyogavaseneva. <span class="bld">Tāni divasānī</span>ti tesu divasesu. <span class="bld">Accantamevā</span>ti nirantarameva, tesu dasāhesu yattha katthaci divaseti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Pavāraṇāmāsassā</span>ti pubbakattikamāsassa. So hi idha paṭhamapavāraṇāyogato ‘‘pavāraṇāmāso’’ti vutto. <span class="bld">Juṇhapakkhapañcamito paṭṭhāyā</span>ti sukkapakkhapañcamiṃ ādiṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Pavāraṇāmāsassa juṇhapakkhapañcamito</span>ti vā pavāraṇāmāsassa pakāsanato purimassa juṇhapakkhassa pañcamito paṭṭhāyāti attho. Yo panettha ‘‘kāmañcesa (sārattha. ṭī. 2.650) ‘dasāhaparamaṃ atirekacīvaraṃ dhāretabba’nti (pārā. 463) imināva <a name="V0.0313"></a> siddho, aṭṭhuppattivasena pana apubbaṃ viya atthaṃ dassetvā sikkhāpadaṃ ṭhapita’’nti pāṭho dissati, so pamādapāṭho ‘‘dasāhānāgata’’nti iminā virodhatoti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Kiñca ‘‘juṇhapakkhapañcamito paṭṭhāyā’’ti vuttattā aṭṭhakathāyeva pubbāparavirodhopi siyā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Accekacīvara</span>nti <a name="M0.0341"></a> accāyikacīvaraṃ vuccati, so ca accāyikabhāvo dāyakassa gamikādibhāvenāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘gamikagilānagabbhiniabhinavuppannasaddhānaṃ puggalāna’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">gamiko</span> nāma ‘‘senāya vā gantukāmo hoti, pavāsaṃ vā gantukāmo hotī’’ti (pārā. 649) vutto. <span class="bld">Aññatarena ‘‘vassāvāsikaṃ dassāmī’’ti evaṃ ārocetvā dinna</span>nti gamikādīnaṃ aññatarena gamanādīhi kāraṇehi dātukāmena dūtaṃ vā pesetvā, sayaṃ vā āgantvā ‘‘vassāvāsikaṃ dassāmī’’ti evaṃ ārocetvā dinnaṃ cīvaraṃ. Ettha ca ‘‘idaṃ me, bhante, accekacīvaraṃ cīvarakālasamayaṃ atikkāmitaṃ nissaggiya’’nti (pārā. 649) iminā nayena nissajjanavidhānaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sesa</span>nti ‘‘sādhāraṇapaññattī’’tiādikaṃ. Ayaṃ pana viseso – tattha atirekacīvare atirekacīvarasaññiādino dasāhātikkamo, idha accekacīvare accekacīvarasaññiādino cīvarakālātikkamo. Tathā anaccekacīvare accekacīvarasaññino, vematikassa ca dukkaṭaṃ. Jātippamāṇasampannassa accekacīvarassa attano santakatā, dasāhānāgatāya kattikatemāsikapuṇṇamāya uppannabhāvo, anadhiṭṭhitaavikappitatā, cīvarakālātikkamoti caturaṅgabhāvova ettha viseso.</p>
<p class="centered">Accekacīvarasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">9. Sāsaṅkasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upasampajjantiādīsu viyā</span>ti ‘‘paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharatī’’ti (vibha. 508) imassa vibhaṅge ‘‘upasampajjā’’ti uddharitabbe ‘‘upasampajja’’nti uddhaṭaṃ. Tadiha nidassanaṃ kataṃ. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena pana ‘‘anāpucchaṃ vā gaccheyyā’’tiādīnaṃ (pāci. 111, 115) saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Upagantvā</span>ti upasaddassatthamāha. <span class="bld">Vasitvā</span>ti akkhaṇḍaṃ vasitvā. ‘‘Yena yassa hi sambandho, dūraṭṭhampi ca tassa ta’’nti vacanato <span class="bld">‘‘imassa…pe… iminā sambandho’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">imassā</span>ti ‘‘upavassa’’nti padassa. Vinayapariyāyena araññalakkhaṇaṃ adinnādānapārājike <a name="V0.0314"></a> āgataṃ. Tattha hi ‘‘gāmā vā araññā vā’’ti anavasesato avahāraṭṭhānapariggahena <a name="M0.0342"></a> tadubhayaṃ asaṅkarato dassetuṃ ‘‘ṭhapetvā gāmañcā’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Gāmūpacāro hi loke gāmasaṅkhameva gacchatīti. Idha pana suttantapariyāyena ‘‘pañcadhanusatikaṃ pacchima’’nti (pārā. 654) āgataṃ āraññakaṃ bhikkhuṃ sandhāya. Na hi so vinayapariyāyike araññe vasanto ‘‘āraññako panthasenāsano’’ti (ma. ni. 1.61) sutte vutto, tasmā tattha āgatameva lakkhaṇaṃ gahetabbanti dassento ‘‘sabbapacchimāni āropitena ācariyadhanunā’’tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">‘‘ācariyadhanu</span> nāma pakatihatthena navavidatthipamāṇaṃ. Jiyāya pana āropitāya catuhatthapamāṇa’’nti vadanti. <span class="bld">Gāmassā</span>ti parikkhittassa gāmassa. <span class="bld">Indakhīlato</span>ti ummārato. <span class="bld">Parikkhepārahaṭṭhānato</span>ti pariyante ṭhitagharassa upacāre ṭhitassa majjhimassa purisassa paṭhamaleḍḍupātato. Kittakena maggena minitabbanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sace’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Majjhimaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> pana ‘‘vihārassāpi gāmasseva upacāraṃ nīharitvā ubhinnaṃ leḍḍupātānaṃ antarā minitabba’’nti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Corānaṃ niviṭṭhokāsādidassanenā</span>ti ārāme, ārāmūpacāre ca corānaṃ niviṭṭhokāsādidassanena kāraṇena. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena bhuttokāsaṭṭhitokāsanisinnokāsanipannokāsānaṃ gahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Corehi manussānaṃ hataviluttākoṭitabhāvadassanato</span>ti ārāme, ārāmūpacāre ca hataviluttākoṭitabhāvadassanato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Antaraghare nikkhipeyyā</span>ti antare antare gharāni ettha, etassāti vā <span class="bld">antaragharaṃ,</span> gāmo, tasmiṃ ṭhapeyyāti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘āraññakassā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Tañcā</span>ti nikkhipanañca. <span class="bld">‘‘Mahāpavāraṇāya pavārito hotī’’</span>ti idaṃ vassacchedaṃ akatvā vuṭṭhabhāvaṃ dassetuṃ vuttaṃ, na pana pavāraṇāya aṅgabhāvaṃ. Teneva hi byatirekaṃ dassentena <span class="bld">samantapāsādikāyaṃ</span> (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.653-654) vuttaṃ ‘‘sace pacchimikāya vā upagato hoti chinnavasso vā, nikkhipituṃ na labhatī’’ti. Kattikamāso nāma pubbakattikamāsassa kāḷapakkhapāṭipadato paṭṭhāya yāva aparakattikapuṇṇamā, tāva ekūnattiṃsa rattindivā. <span class="bld">Eva</span>-saddena kattikamāsato paraṃ na labhatīti dasseti. Ūnappamāṇe tāva araññalakkhaṇāyogato na labhatu, kasmā gāvutato atirekappamāṇe na labhatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yatra</span> <a name="M0.0343"></a> <span class="bld">hī’’</span>tiādi. Nimantito pana addhayojanampi yojanampi gantvā vasituṃ pacceti, idamappamāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Sāsaṅkasappaṭibhayameva hotī</span>ti sāsaṅkañceva sappaṭibhayañca hoti. <span class="bld">Eva</span>-saddena anāsaṅkaappaṭibhayehi aṅgayuttepi senāsane vasanto nikkhipituṃ na labhatīti dasseti. Ettāvatā purimikāya upagantvā akkhaṇḍaṃ katvā vuṭṭhavasso yaṃ gāmaṃ gocaragāmaṃ katvā pañcadhanusatikapacchime āraññakasenāsane viharati, tasmiṃ gāme cīvaraṃ ṭhapetvā sakalakattikamāsaṃ tasmiṃyeva senāsane tena cīvarena vinā vatthuṃ anujānitvā <a name="V0.0315"></a> idāni vihārato aññattha vasantassa chārattaṃ vippavāsaṃ anujānanto <span class="bld">‘‘siyā ca tassa bhikkhuno’’</span>tiādimāha. Asamādānacārañhi atthatakathinā eva labhanti, netareti ettha idampi kāraṇaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">chārattaparamaṃ tena bhikkhunā tena cīvarena vippavasitabba</span>nti yo bhikkhu vihāre vasanto tato aññattha gamanakicce sati antaraghare cīvaraṃ nikkhipati, tena bhikkhunā tena cīvarena chārattaparamaṃ vippavasitabbaṃ, cha rattiyo tamhā vihārā aññattha vasitabbāti vuttaṃ hoti. Vuttañhi bhadantena <span class="bld">buddhadattācariyena</span> –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yaṃ gāmaṃ gocaraṃ katvā, bhikkhu āraññake vase;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tasmiṃ gāme ṭhapetuṃ taṃ, māsamekaṃ tu vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Aññattheva vasantassa, chārattaparamaṃ mataṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Ayamassa adhippāyo, paṭicchanno pakāsito’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘tato ce uttari vippavaseyyāti chārattato uttari tasmiṃ senāsane sattamaṃ aruṇaṃ uṭṭhāpeyyā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Tathā asakkontenā</span>ti gataṭṭhānassa dūratāya senāsanaṃ āgantvā sattamaṃ aruṇaṃ uṭṭhāpetuṃ asakkontena. Evampi asakkontena tatreva ṭhitena paccuddharitabbaṃ ‘‘atirekacīvaraṭṭhāne ṭhassatī’’ti. <span class="bld">Vasitvā</span>ti aruṇaṃ uṭṭhāpetvā. Bhikkhusammuti udositasikkhāpade vuttāva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sesa</span>nti ‘‘aññatra bhikkhusammutiyāti ayamettha anupaññattī’’tiādikaṃ. Tattha hi aṅgesu yaṃ rattivippavāso catutthamaṅgaṃ, taṃ idha chārattato uttari vippavāso hotīti ayameva viseso.</p>
<p class="centered">Sāsaṅkasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">10. Pariṇatasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nanu <a name="M0.0344"></a> cāyaṃ saṅghassa pariṇato, na pariccatto, atha kathaṃ saṅghasantako hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘so hī’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">so</span>ti lābho. <span class="bld">Ekena pariyāyenā</span>ti pariṇatabhāvasaṅkhātena ekena pariyāyena. <span class="bld">‘‘Labhitabba’’</span>nti iminā <span class="bld">lābha</span>saddassa kammasādhanamāha. <span class="bld">Cīvarādivatthu</span>nti cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānapaccayabhesajjaparikkhāraṃ <a name="V0.0316"></a> antamaso cuṇṇapiṇḍampi dantakaṭṭhampi dasikasuttampi. <span class="bld">Pariṇata</span>nti saṅghassa ninnaṃ saṅghassa poṇaṃ saṅghassa pabbhāraṃ hutvā ṭhitanti attho. Yena pana kāraṇena so pariṇato hoti, taṃ dassetvā tassa atthaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘dassāma karissāmā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Attano pariṇāmentassā</span>ti ‘‘idaṃ mayhaṃ dehī’’ti saṅghassa pariṇatabhāvaṃ ñatvā attano pariṇāmetvā gaṇhantassa. <span class="bld">Payoge</span>ti pariṇāmanappayoge. Ettha ca ‘‘idaṃ me, bhante, jānaṃ saṅghikaṃ lābhaṃ pariṇataṃ attano pariṇāmikaṃ nissaggiya’’nti iminā nayena nissajjanavidhānaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saṅghacetiyapuggalesū</span>ti ettha ca antamaso sunakhaṃ upādāya yo koci satto ‘‘puggalo’’ti veditabbo. <span class="bld">Aññasaṅghādīna</span>nti aññasaṅghacetiyapuggalānaṃ. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – ‘‘saṅghassa pariṇataṃ aññassa saṅghassa vā cetiyassa vā puggalassa vā, cetiyassa pariṇataṃ aññassa cetiyassa vā saṅghassa vā puggalassa vā, puggalassa pariṇataṃ aññassa puggalassa vā saṅghassa vā cetiyassa vā pariṇāmentassa dukkaṭa’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni anāpattiṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘apariṇatasaññino’’</span>tiādimāha. Pariṇate, apariṇate ca apariṇatasaññino cāti sambandho, pariṇate, apariṇate cāti ubhayatthāpi anāpattīti attho. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘pariṇate apariṇatasaññī attano pariṇāmeti, anāpatti. Apariṇate apariṇatasaññī anāpattī’’ti (pārā. 660). <span class="bld">Deyyadhammo</span>ti cattāro paccayā. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena ‘‘paṭisaṅkhāraṃ vā labheyya, ciraṭṭhitiko vā assa, yattha vā pana tumhākaṃ cittaṃ pasīdati, tattha dethā’’ti (pārā. 661) vacanānaṃ gahaṇaṃ. Sace pana dāyakā ‘‘mayaṃ <a name="M0.0345"></a> saṅghabhattaṃ kattukāmā, cetiyapūjaṃ kattukāmā, ekassa bhikkhuno parikkhāraṃ dātukāmā, tumhākaṃ ruciyā dassāma. Bhaṇatha, kattha demā’’ti (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.660) vadanti, evaṃ vutte tena bhikkhunā ‘‘yattha icchatha, tattha dethā’’ti vattabbā.</p>
<p class="centered">Pariṇatasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Pattavaggo tatiyo.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti kaṅkhāvitaraṇiyā pātimokkhavaṇṇanāya</p>
<p class="centered">Vinayatthamañjūsāyaṃ līnatthappakāsaniyaṃ</p>
<p class="centered">Nissaggiyavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter">Pācittiyakaṇḍaṃ</p>
<p class="title">1. Musāvādavaggo</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Musāvādasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sampajānamusāvāde</span>ti <a name="M0.0346"></a><a name="V0.0317"></a> ettha <span class="bld">musā</span>ti abhūtaṃ atacchaṃ vatthu, <span class="bld">vādo</span>ti tassa bhūtato tacchato viññāpanaṃ, sampajānassa musāvādo <span class="bld">sampajānamusāvādo,</span> tasmiṃ sampajānamusāvādeti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘pubbe’’</span>tiādi. So ca pana musāvādo pubbabhāgakkhaṇe, taṅkhaṇe ca vijānantassa hoti ‘‘pubbevassa hoti ‘musā bhaṇissa’nti, bhaṇantassa hoti ‘musā bhaṇāmī’’’ti (pāci. 4) vuttattāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pubbepi jānitvā vacanakkhaṇepi jānantassā’’</span>ti. Etañhi dvayaṃ aṅgabhūtaṃ, itaraṃ pana hotu vā, mā vā, akāraṇametaṃ. Nanu cetaṃ bhaṇanameva ñāyatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘bhaṇanañca nāmā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Abhūtassā</span>ti atacchassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Hatthakaṃ sakyaputta</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">hatthako</span>ti tassa therassa nāmaṃ. Sakyānaṃ puttoti <span class="bld">sakyaputto</span>. Buddhakāle kira sakyakulato asīti purisasahassāni pabbajiṃsu, tesaṃ so aññataro. <span class="bld">Avajānitvā paṭijānanādivatthusmi</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">avajānitvā paṭijānanaṃ</span> nāma titthiyehi saddhiṃ kathento attano vāde kañci dosaṃ sallakkhento ‘‘nāyaṃ mama vādo’’ti avajānitvā puna kathento kathento niddosataṃ sallakkhetvā ‘‘mameva ayaṃ vādo’’ti paṭijānāti. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena paṭijānitvā avajānanaṃ, aññenaññaṃ paṭicaraṇaṃ, sampajānamusābhāsanaṃ, saṅketaṃ katvā visaṃvādakaraṇañca saṅgaṇhāti. Idāni āpattibhedadassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘uttarimanussadhammārocanattha’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anupadhāretvā sahasā bhaṇantassā</span>ti avīmaṃsitvā vegena diṭṭhampi ‘‘adiṭṭhaṃ me’’tiādinā bhaṇantassa<a name="V0.0318"></a>. <span class="bld">‘‘Aññaṃ bhaṇissāmī’’ti aññaṃ bhaṇantassā</span>ti yo mandattā momūhattā pakkhalanto ‘‘cīvara’’nti vattabbe ‘‘cīra’’ntiādīni bhaṇati, ayaṃ ‘‘aññaṃ bhaṇissāmī’’ti aññaṃ bhaṇati nāma. Yo pana sāmaṇerena ‘‘api, bhante, mayhaṃ upajjhāyaṃ passitthā’’ti <a name="M0.0347"></a> vutto keḷiṃ kurumāno ‘‘tava upajjhāyo dārusakaṭaṃ yojetvā gato bhavissatī’’ti vā siṅgālasaddaṃ sutvā ‘‘kassāyaṃ saddo’’ti vutto ‘‘mātuyā te yānena gacchantiyā kaddame laggacakkaṃ uddharantānaṃ ayaṃ saddo’’ti vā evaṃ neva davā, na ravā aññaṃ bhaṇati, so āpattiṃ āpajjatiyeva. Aññā pūraṇakathā nāma hoti – eko gāme thokaṃ telaṃ labhitvā vihāraṃ āgato sāmaṇeraṃ bhaṇati ‘‘tvaṃ ajja kuhiṃ gato, gāmo ekatelo ahosī’’ti vā, pacchikāya ṭhapitaṃ pūvakhaṇḍaṃ labhitvā ‘‘ajja gāme pacchikāhi pūve cāresu’’nti vā, ayaṃ musāvādova hoti. <span class="bld">Visaṃvādanapurekkhāratā</span>ti visaṃ vādenti etenāti <span class="bld">visaṃvādanaṃ,</span> vañcanādhippāyavasappavattaṃ cittaṃ, tassa purekkhāratā <span class="bld">visaṃvādanapurekkhāratā,</span> visaṃvādanacittassa purato karaṇanti attho.</p>
<p class="centered">Musāvādasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">2. Omasavādasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Omasavāde</span>ti khuṃsanagarahaṇavacane. Yasmā pana taṃ neva kaṇṇasukhaṃ, na hadayasukhaṃ, tasmā tena kaṇṇañceva hadayañca vijjhatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ovijjhanavacane’’</span>ti, jātiādīhi ghaṭetvā vacaneti vuttaṃ hoti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘jātināmā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">jāti</span> nāma brāhmaṇādi ukkaṭṭhā ceva caṇḍālādi hīnā ca jāti. <span class="bld">Nāmaṃ</span> nāma avakaṇṇakādi hīnañceva buddharakkhitādi ukkaṭṭhañca nāmaṃ. <span class="bld">Gottaṃ</span> nāma kosiyādi hīnañceva gotamādi ukkaṭṭhañca gottaṃ. <span class="bld">Kammaṃ</span> nāma pupphachaḍḍakādi hīnañceva kasivaṇijjādi ukkaṭṭhañca kammaṃ. <span class="bld">Sippaṃ</span> nāma naḷakārādi hīnañceva muddāgaṇanādi ukkaṭṭhañca sippaṃ. <span class="bld">Ābādho</span> nāma sabbopi rogo hīnoyeva. Atha vā madhumeho ukkaṭṭho, seso hīnoti veditabbo. <span class="bld">Liṅgaṃ</span> nāma atidīghādi hīnañceva nātidīghādi ukkaṭṭhañca liṅgaṃ. <span class="bld">Kileso</span> nāma rāgādiko sabbopi kileso. <span class="bld">Āpatti</span> nāma sotāpattādikā ukkaṭṭhā ceva pārājikādi anukkaṭṭhā ca āpatti. <span class="bld">Akkoso</span> nāma ‘‘oṭṭhosī’’tiādiko hīno ceva ‘‘paṇḍitosī’’tiādiko (pāci. 15) ukkaṭṭho ca akkoso.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yathā</span> <a name="M0.0348"></a><a name="V0.0319"></a> <span class="bld">tathā</span>ti pāḷiāgatānāgatapadānaṃ yena kenaci ākārena. Imasmiṃ sikkhāpade ṭhapetvā bhikkhuṃ bhikkhuniādayo sabbe sattā anupasampannaṭṭhāne ṭhitāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘idha cā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Davakamyatā</span> nāma keḷihasādhippāyatā. <span class="bld">Sabbatthā</span>ti upasampannānupasampannesu ceva pāḷiāgatānāgatapadesu cāti sabbattha. <span class="bld">Atthadhammaanusāsanipurekkhārāna</span>nti ettha ‘‘caṇḍālosī’’tiādikāya pāḷiyā atthaṃ vaṇṇento <span class="bld">atthapurekkhāro</span> nāma. Pāḷiṃ vācento <span class="bld">dhammapurekkhāro</span> nāma. Anusiṭṭhiyaṃ ṭhatvā ‘‘idānipi caṇḍālosi, pāpaṃ mā akāsi. Mā tamotamaparāyaṇo ahosī’’tiādinā (pāci. aṭṭha. 35) nayena kathento <span class="bld">anusāsanipurekkhāro</span> nāmāti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="centered">Omasavādasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">3. Pesuññasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhikkhupesuññe</span>ti pisatīti <span class="bld">pisuṇā,</span> yāya vācāya samagge satte avayavabhūte vagge bhinne karoti, sā vācā pisuṇā, pisuṇā eva <span class="bld">pesuññaṃ,</span> tāya vācāya samannāgato <span class="bld">pisuṇo,</span> tassa kammaṃ <span class="bld">pesuññaṃ,</span> bhikkhussa pesuññaṃ <span class="bld">bhikkhupesuññaṃ,</span> tasmiṃ bhikkhupesuññe, bhikkhuto sutvā bhikkhunā, bhikkhussa vā upasaṃhaṭapesuññeti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘jātiādīhī’’</span>tiādi. Tañca kho dvīhi kāraṇehi upasaṃharatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘bhikkhuno piyakamyatāya vā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">bhikkhuno piyakamyatāyā</span>ti yassa taṃ bhāsati, tassa bhikkhuno ‘‘evamahaṃ etassa piyo bhavissāmī’’ti attano piyabhāvaṃ patthayamānatāya. <span class="bld">Bhedādhippāyenā</span>ti ‘‘evamayaṃ tena saddhiṃ bhijjissatī’’ti parassa parena bhedaṃ icchantena. Atha vā piyasuññakaraṇato <span class="bld">pesuññaṃ</span> (sārattha. ṭī. pācittiya 3.36) niruttinayena, yāya vācāya yassa taṃ bhāsati, tassa hadaye attano piyabhāvaṃ, parassa ca suññabhāvaṃ karoti, sā vācā, ‘‘bhikkhussa pesuññaṃ bhikkhupesuñña’’ntiādinā evampettha attho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">‘‘Vuttanayenevā</span>ti ‘‘jātiādīhi akkosavatthūhī’’tiādinā vuttanayena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pāḷimuttakaakkosūpasaṃhāre</span>ti <a name="M0.0349"></a> ‘‘corosī’’tiādinā akkosassa upasaṃhāre. ‘‘Anakkosavatthubhūtaṃ pana pesuññakaraṃ tassa kiriyaṃ, vacanaṃ vā piyakamyatāya upasaṃharantassa kiñcāpi iminā sikkhāpadena āpatti na dissati, tathāpi dukkaṭena bhavitabba’’nti (sārattha. ṭī. pācittiya 3.36) vadanti. <span class="bld">Pāpagarahitāya vadantassā</span>ti ekaṃ akkosantaṃ, ekañca <a name="V0.0320"></a> khamantaṃ disvā ‘‘aho nillajjo, īdisampi nāma bhavantaṃ puna vattabbaṃ maññissatī’’ti evaṃ kevalaṃ pāpagarahitāya bhaṇantassa.</p>
<p class="centered">Pesuññasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">4. Padasodhammasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Padaso dhammaṃ vāceyyā</span>ti ekato padaṃ padaṃ dhammaṃ vāceyya, koṭṭhāsaṃ koṭṭhāsaṃ vāceyyāti attho. Yasmā na kevalaṃ tisso saṅgītiyo āruḷhadhammaṃyeva padaso vācentassa āpatti, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘saṅgītittayaṃ anāruḷhampī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena (pāci. aṭṭha. 45) sīlūpadesa dhutaṅgapañhaārammaṇakathā buddhikadaṇḍakaññāṇavatthuasubhakathādīnaṃ gahaṇaṃ. Meṇḍakamilindapañhesu therassa sakappaṭibhāne anāpatti. Yaṃ rañño saññāpanatthaṃ āharitvā vuttaṃ, tattha āpatti. Vaṇṇapiṭakaaṅgulimālapiṭakaraṭṭhapālagajjitaāḷavakagajjitagūḷhamaggagūḷhavessantaragūḷhavinayavedallapiṭakādīni pana abuddhavacanāniyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā pana taṃ padaṃ catubbidhaṃ hoti, tasmā taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘padānupadaanvakkharānubyañjanesū’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">pada</span>nti eko gāthāpādo adhippeto. <span class="bld">Anupada</span>nti dutiyapādo. <span class="bld">Anvakkhara</span>nti ekekaṃ akkharaṃ. <span class="bld">Anubyañjana</span>nti purimabyañjanena sadisaṃ pacchābyañjanaṃ. Yaṃ kiñci vā ekaṃ akkharaṃ <span class="bld">anvakkharaṃ</span>. Akkharasamūho <span class="bld">anubyañjanaṃ</span>. Akkharānubyañjanasamūho <span class="bld">padaṃ</span>. Paṭhamaṃ padaṃ padameva, dutiyaṃ <span class="bld">anupada</span>nti evamettha nānākaraṇaṃ veditabbaṃ. Etesu padādīsu yaṃ kañci koṭṭhāsaṃ bhikkhuñca bhikkhuniñca ṭhapetvā avasesapuggalehi saddhiṃ ekato bhaṇantassa padādigaṇanāya pācittiyanti sambandho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha <a name="M0.0350"></a> gāthābandhesu (pāci. aṭṭha. 45) tāva ‘‘manopubbaṅgamā dhammā’’ti (dha. pa. 1, 2) ekamekaṃ padaṃ sāmaṇerena saddhiṃ ekato ārabhitvā ekatoyeva niṭṭhāpentassa <span class="bld">padagaṇanāya</span> pācittiyaṃ. Therena ‘‘manopubbaṅgamā dhammā’’ti vutte taṃ padaṃ apāpuṇitvā ‘‘manoseṭṭhā manomayā’’ti vacanakāle pattena sāmaṇerena ekato bhaṇantassa <span class="bld">anupadagaṇanāya</span>. ‘‘Rūpaṃ anicca’’ntiādi (ma. ni. 1.353, 356) vacanakāle tena saddhiṃ ‘‘rū’’ kāramattameva vācentassa <span class="bld">anvakkharagaṇanāya</span>. Esa nayo gāthābandhepi. ‘‘Rūpaṃ, bhikkhave, aniccaṃ, vedanā aniccā’’ti (ma. ni. 1.353, 356) imaṃ suttaṃ vācayamāno therena ‘‘rūpaṃ <a name="V0.0321"></a> anicca’’nti vuccamāne sāmaṇero sīghapaññatāya ‘‘vedanā aniccā’’ti imaṃ aniccapadaṃ therassa ‘‘rūpaṃ anicca’’nti etena aniccapadena saddhiṃ ekato bhaṇanto vācaṃ nicchāreti, evaṃ vācentassa <span class="bld">anubyañjanagaṇanāya</span> pācittiyanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tikapācittiya</span>nti anupasampanne anupasampannasaññivematikaupasampannasaññīnaṃ vasena tīṇi pācittiyāni. Anupasampannena saddhiṃ ekato uddesaggahaṇe ekato bhaṇantassa anāpattīti sambandho. Esa nayo <span class="bld">‘‘sajjhāyakaraṇe, tassa santike uddesaggahaṇe’’</span>ti etthāpi. Tatrāyaṃ vinicchayo – upasampanno ca anupasampanno ca nisīditvā uddisāpenti. Ācariyo ‘‘nisinnānaṃ bhaṇāmī’’ti tehi saddhiṃ ekato vadati, ācariyasseva āpatti. Anupasampannena saddhiṃ gaṇhantassa anāpatti. Dvepi ṭhitā gaṇhanti, eseva nayo. Daharabhikkhu nisinno, sāmaṇero ṭhito, ‘‘nisinnassa bhaṇāmī’’ti bhaṇato anāpatti. Sace daharo tiṭṭhati, itaro nisīdati, ‘‘ṭhitassa bhaṇāmī’’ti bhaṇatopi anāpatti. Sace bahūnaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ antare eko sāmaṇero nisinno hoti, tasmiṃ nisinne padaso dhammaṃ vācentassa acittakā āpatti. Sace sāmaṇero upacāraṃ muñcitvā ṭhito vā nisinno vā hoti, yesaṃ vāceti, tesu apariyāpannattā ekena disābhāgena palāyanakaganthaṃ nāma gaṇhātīti saṅkhaṃ gacchati, tasmā anāpatti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sajjhāyakaraṇe</span>ti anupasampannena saddhiṃ ekato sajjhāyakaraṇe. <span class="bld">Tassa santike uddesaggahaṇe</span>ti anupasampannassa santike uddesaggahaṇe. <span class="bld">Yebhuyyena paguṇaganthaṃ bhaṇantassā</span>ti sace ekagāthāya eko <a name="M0.0351"></a> pādo nāgacchati, avasesā āgacchanti, ayaṃ yebhuyyena paguṇagantho nāma. Etena nayena suttepi veditabbo, taṃ bhaṇantassa. <span class="bld">Osārentassa cā</span>ti parisāmajjhe suttaṃ uccārentassa ca.</p>
<p class="centered">Padasodhammasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">5. Paṭhamasahaseyyasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idha ‘‘bhikkhuṃ ṭhapetvā avaseso anupasampanno nāmā’’ti (pāci. 52) vacanato tiracchānagatopi anupasampannoyeva, so ca kho na sabbo, methunadhammāpattiyā vatthubhūtovāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘antamaso’’</span>tiādi. Tassa ca paricchedo methunadhammāpattiyā vuttanayeneva veditabbo. <span class="bld">Dirattatiratta</span>nti <a name="V0.0322"></a> ettha dirattavacanena na koci visesattho labbhati, kevalaṃ lokavohāravasena byañjanasiliṭṭhatāya, mukhāruḷhatāya evaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Dvinnaṃ vā tiṇṇaṃ vā rattīna</span>nti pana vacanatthamattadassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ, nirantaratirattadassanatthaṃ vā dirattaggahaṇaṃ katanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Sahaseyya</span>nti ekato seyyaṃ. <span class="bld">Seyyā</span>ti ca kāyappasāraṇasaṅkhātaṃ sayanampi vuccati ‘‘sayanaṃ seyyā’’ti katvā, yasmiṃ senāsane sayanti, tampi ‘‘sayanti etthāti seyyā’’ti katvā. Tadubhayampi idha sāmaññena, ekasesanayena vā gahitanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbacchannaparicchanne’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha yaṃ senāsanaṃ upari pañcahi chadanehi (pāci. aṭṭha. 51), aññena vā kenaci antamaso vatthenāpi sabbameva paricchannaṃ, bhūmito paṭṭhāya yāva chadanaṃ āhacca, anāhaccāpi vā sabbantimena pariyāyena diyaḍḍhahatthubbedhena pākārena vā aññena vā kenaci antamaso vatthenāpi parikkhittaṃ, idaṃ <span class="bld">sabbacchannasabbaparicchannaṃ</span> nāma. Yassa pana upari bahutaraṃ ṭhānaṃ channaṃ, appaṃ acchannaṃ, samantato ca bahutaraṃ parikkhittaṃ, appaṃ aparikkhittaṃ, idaṃ <span class="bld">yebhuyyena channaṃ yebhuyyena paricchannaṃ</span> nāma. Tasmiṃ sabbacchannaparicchanne, yebhuyyena channaparicchanne vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vidaheyyā</span>ti kareyya, tañca kho atthato sampādananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sampādeyyā’’</span>ti. Ayañhettha saṅkhepattho ‘‘senāsanasaṅkhātaṃ seyyaṃ pavisitvā kāyappasāraṇasaṅkhātaṃ <a name="M0.0352"></a> seyyaṃ kappeyya vidaheyya sampādeyyā’’ti. <span class="bld">Diyaḍḍhahatthubbedho</span> vaḍḍhakihatthena gahetabbo. <span class="bld">Ekūpacāro</span>ti valañjanadvārassa ekattaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Satagabbhaṃ vā catusālaṃ ekūpacāraṃ hotīti sambandho. <span class="bld">Tattha vā</span>ti purimapurimadivase yattha vuṭṭhaṃ, tasmiṃyeva senāsane vā. <span class="bld">Aññattha vā tādise</span>ti yathāvuttalakkhaṇena samannāgate aññasmiṃ pubbe avuṭṭhasenāsane vā. <span class="bld">Tena vā</span>ti yena saha purimapurimadivase vuṭṭhaṃ, tena vā. <span class="bld">Aññena vā</span>ti yena saha purimapurimasmiṃ divase vuṭṭhaṃ, tato aññena vā. <span class="bld">Saṅkhepo</span>ti saṅkhepavaṇṇanā. Yadi evaṃ vitthāro kathaṃ veditabboti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vitthāro panā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upaḍḍhacchannaparicchannādīsū</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>saddena ‘‘sabbacchanne cūḷakaparicchanne dukkaṭaṃ, yebhuyyena channe cūḷakaparicchanne dukkaṭaṃ, sabbaparicchanne cūḷakacchanne dukkaṭaṃ, yebhuyyena paricchanne cūḷakacchanne dukkaṭa’’nti (pāci. aṭṭha. 53) aṭṭhakathāyaṃ vuttānaṃ gahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Tatiyāya rattiyā purāruṇā nikkhamitvā puna vasantassā</span>ti tatiyāya rattiyā aruṇato puretarameva nikkhamitvā aruṇaṃ bahi uṭṭhāpetvā catutthadivase atthaṅgate sūriye puna vasantassa. <span class="bld">Sabbacchannasabbāparicchannādīsū</span>ti <a name="V0.0323"></a> ettha pana <span class="bld">ādi</span>saddena ‘‘sabbaparicchanne sabbaacchanne, yebhuyyena acchanne yebhuyyena aparicchanne’’ti (pāci. 54) pāḷiyaṃ āgatānaṃ, ‘‘upaḍḍhacchanne cūḷakaparicchanne anāpatti, upaḍḍhaparicchanne cūḷakacchanne anāpatti, cūḷakacchanne cūḷakaparicchanne anāpattī’’ti (pāci. aṭṭha. 53) aṭṭhakathāyaṃ āgatānañca gahaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Paṭhamasahaseyyasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">6. Dutiyasahaseyyasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Manussitthiyā</span>ti jīvamānakamanussitthiyā. ‘‘Matitthī pana kiñcāpi pārājikavatthubhūtā, anupādinnapakkhe pana ṭhitattā sahaseyyāpattiṃ na karotī’’ti (vajira. ṭī. pācittiya 55) vadanti. Adissamānarūpāhi pana yakkhipetīhi, methunassa avatthubhūtāya <a name="M0.0353"></a> ca tiracchānagatitthiyā anāpatti. <span class="bld">Paṭhamadivasepī</span>ti paṭhamasmiṃ viya sikkhāpade na catuttheyeva divase, atha kho idha paṭhamadivasepīti attho. Iminā idha divasaparicchedo natthīti dasseti. Aṅgesu pana pācittiyavatthukasenāsanaṃ, tattha mātugāmena saha nipajjanaṃ, sūriyatthaṅgamananti tīṇi aṅgānīti ayampi viseso daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="centered">Dutiyasahaseyyasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">7. Dhammadesanāsikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Chappañcavācāhī</span>ti chahi pañcahi vācāhi. Vācāparicchedo panettha kathaṃ veditabboti āha <span class="bld">‘‘uttari chappañcavācāhī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Sabbatthā</span>ti sutte, aṭṭhakathāyañca. Sace aṭṭhakathaṃ, dhammapadaṃ, jātakādivatthuṃ vā kathetukāmo hoti, chappadamattameva kathetuṃ vaṭṭati. Pāḷiyā saddhiṃ kathentena ekaṃ padaṃ pāḷito, pañca aṭṭhakathātoti evaṃ cha padāni anatikkamitvāva kathetabbo. <span class="bld">Purisenā</span>ti manussapurisena. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘manussaviggahaṃ gahetvā panā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tikapācittiya</span>nti mātugāme mātugāmasaññivematikaamātugāmasaññīnaṃ vasena tīṇi pācittiyāni. <span class="bld">Aññassa vā mātugāmassā</span>ti ekassa mātugāmassa desetvā nisinne puna āgatassa aññassa mātugāmassa, evaṃ pana ekāsane nisinnena mātugāmasatassāpi desetuṃ vaṭṭati<a name="V0.0324"></a>. ‘‘Viññumanussitthiyā’’ti vacanato aviññitthiyāpi desayato anāpatti. <span class="bld">Iriyāpathaparivattābhāvo</span>ti attano vā mātugāmassa vā iriyāpathaparivattābhāvo. <span class="bld">Kappiyakārakassābhāvo</span>ti viññussa kappiyakārakassābhāvo, dutiyāniyate vuttalakkhaṇassa manussassa abhāvoti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Kiriyākiriya</span>nti ettha uttari chappañcavācāhi dhammadesanā <span class="bld">kiriyā,</span> kappiyakārakassa aggahaṇaṃ <span class="bld">akiriyā</span>ti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Dhammadesanāsikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">8. Bhūtārocanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nippariyāyenā</span>ti <a name="M0.0354"></a> ‘‘paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ samāpajji’’ntiādinā (pāci. 71) ujukameva. <span class="bld">Pariyāyena ārocita</span>nti ‘‘yo te vihāre vasi, so bhikkhu paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ samāpajji, samāpajjati, samāpanno’’tiādinā (pāci. 75) aññāpadesena bhaṇitaṃ. Parinibbānakāle (pāci. aṭṭha. 77), pana antarā vā atikaḍḍhiyamānena upasampannassa bhūtaṃ ārocetuṃ vaṭṭati. Anatikaḍḍhiyamānenāpi (sārattha. ṭī. pācittiya 3.77) tathārūpe kāraṇe sati ārocetuṃ vaṭṭatiyeva. Teneva aññatarena daharabhikkhunā upavadito aññataro thero ‘‘āvuso, uparimaggatthāya vāyāmaṃ mā akāsi, khīṇāsavo tayā upavadito’’ti āha. Therena ca ‘‘atthi te, āvuso, imasmiṃ sāsane patiṭṭhā’’ti puṭṭho daharabhikkhu ‘‘āma, bhante, sotāpanno āha’’nti avoca. ‘‘Kārako aya’’nti ñatvāpi paṭipattiyā amoghabhāvadassanena samuttejanāya, sampahaṃsanāya ca ariyā attānaṃ pakāsentiyeva. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tathārūpe kāraṇe sati upasampannassa ārocayato’’</span>ti. Sutapariyattisīlaguṇaṃ pana anupasampannassapi ārocetuṃ vaṭṭati. Kasmā na idha ummattakādayo gahitāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yasmā panā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena khittacittavedanāṭṭānaṃ gahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Tasmiṃ satī</span>ti ummattakādibhāve sati. <span class="bld">Idha na gahitā</span>ti imasmiṃ sikkhāpade padabhājaniyaṃ na gahitā. <span class="bld">Acittaka</span>nti paṇṇattijānanacittābhāvena acittakaṃ. <span class="bld">Kusalābyākatacittehi dvicitta’’</span>nti idaṃ ukkaṭṭhaparicchedena ariyapuggaleyeva sandhāya vuttaṃ. Na hi paṇṇattiṃ ajānantā jhānalābhino puthujjanā vatthumhi lobhavasena akusalacittenāpi na ārocentīti. Dukkhavedanāya vā abhāvato <span class="bld">‘‘dvivedana’’</span>nti imassa anurūpaṃ katvā evaṃ vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Bhūtārocanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">9. Duṭṭhullārocanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dvinnaṃ</span> <a name="V0.0325"></a> <span class="bld">‘āpattikkhandhāna</span>nti pārājikasaṅghādisesasaṅkhātānaṃ dvinnaṃ āpattikkhandhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Āyatiṃ saṃvaratthāyā</span>ti ‘‘evamesa paresu hirottappenāpi āyatiṃ <a name="M0.0355"></a> saṃvaraṃ āpajjissatī’’ti āyatiṃ saṃvaratthāya. <span class="bld">Āpattīnañca kulānañca pariyantaṃ katvā vā akatvā vā</span>ti ‘‘ettakā āpattiyo ārocetabbā, ettakesu kulesu ārocetabbā’’ti evaṃ āpattīnañca kulānañca pariyantaṃ katvā vā akatvā vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aduṭṭhullāyā</span>ti pārājikasaṅghādisesaṃ ṭhapetvā avasesapañcāpattikkhandhasaṅkhātāya aduṭṭhullāya āpattiyā. <span class="bld">Avasese cha āpattikkhandhe</span>ti saṅghādisesavajjite sese cha āpattikkhandhe. <span class="bld">Purimapañcasikkhāpadavītikkamasaṅkhātaṃ duṭṭhulla</span>nti pāṇātipātaveramaṇiādikassa ādito pañcasikkhāpadassa vītikkamasaṅkhātaṃ duṭṭhullaṃ. <span class="bld">Itaraṃ aduṭṭhullaṃ vā ajjhācāra</span>nti tato aññaṃ vikālabhojanādikapañcakaṃ, sukkavisaṭṭhikāyasaṃsaggaduṭṭhullaattakāmañceti aduṭṭhullaṃ vā ajjhācāraṃ. <span class="bld">Vatthumatta</span>nti ‘‘ayaṃ sukkavissaṭṭhiṃ āpanno, duṭṭhullaṃ, attakāmaṃ, kāyasaṃsaggaṃ āpanno’’ti evaṃ vatthumattaṃ vā ārocentassa. <span class="bld">Āpattimatta</span>nti ‘‘ayaṃ pārājikaṃ āpanno, saṅghādisesaṃ, thullaccayaṃ, pācittiyaṃ, pāṭidesanīyaṃ, dukkaṭaṃ, dubbhāsitaṃ āpanno’’ti evaṃ āpattimattaṃ vā ārocentassa. <span class="bld">Vuttalakkhaṇassā</span>ti ‘‘pārājikaṃ anajjhāpannassā’’ti kaṅkhā. aṭṭha. duṭṭhullārocanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā) evaṃ vuttalakkhaṇassa. <span class="bld">Savatthuko</span>ti vatthunā saha ghaṭito.</p>
<p class="centered">Duṭṭhullārocanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">10. Pathavīkhaṇanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pāsāṇasakkharakathalamarumbavālukādīsū</span>ti ettha muṭṭhippamāṇato upari <span class="bld">pāsāṇā</span>ti veditabbā. Muṭṭhippamāṇā <span class="bld">sakkharā. Kathalā</span>ti kapālakhaṇḍāni. <span class="bld">Marumbā</span>ti kaṭasakkharā. <span class="bld">Vālukā</span> vālikāyeva. <span class="bld">Aññatarassa tatiyabhāgo hotī</span>ti tatiyo bhāgo hoti. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – yato paṃsuṃ vā mattikaṃ vā āharāpetvā visuṃ visuṃ kate dve koṭṭhāsā paṃsu vā mattikā vā eko pāsāṇādīsu aññataro hoti, ayaṃ <span class="bld">missakapathavī</span> nāmāti. <span class="bld">Ovaṭṭho</span> nāma devena ovaṭṭho (pāci. 86). <span class="bld">Vutta</span>nti padabhājaniyaṃ, sīhaḷaṭṭhakathāyameva vā vuttaṃ<a name="M0.0356"></a>. <span class="bld">Adhikatarapāsāṇādimissāti</span> <a name="V0.0326"></a> adhikatarapāsāṇādīhi missā, adaḍḍhāpi vuttappamāṇato adhikatarapāsāṇādimissāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Vā</span>-saddo avuttavikappattho, tena ūnakacatumāsovaṭṭhapathaviṃ saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Suddhapāsāṇādibhedāyā</span>ti suddhā pāsāṇā etthāti <span class="bld">suddhapāsāṇā,</span> sā ādi yassa bhedassa so <span class="bld">suddhapāsāṇādi. Ādi</span>-saddena suddhasakkharādīnaṃ gahaṇaṃ. Suddhapāsāṇādibhedo yassā sā <span class="bld">suddhapāsāṇādibhedā,</span> tāya suddhapāsāṇādibhedāya, suddhapāsāṇādippakārāyāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sayaṃ khaṇatī</span>ti ettha yo antamaso pādaṅguṭṭhakenapi khaṇati, udakampi chaḍḍento bhindati, pādaṅguṭṭhakenapi vilikhati, pattampi pacanto dahati, so sabbo khaṇatiyevāti veditabbo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘khaṇanabhedanavilekhanapacanādīhi vikopetī</span>ti. Pattaṃ pacantena (pāci. aṭṭha. 87) hi pubbe pakkaṭṭhāneyeva pacitabbo. Adaḍḍhāya pathaviyā aggiṃ ṭhapetuṃ na vaṭṭati. Pattapacanakapālassa pana upari aggiṃ ṭhapetuṃ vaṭṭati. Dārūnaṃ upari ṭhapeti, so aggi tāni dahanto gantvā pathaviṃ dahati, na vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Iṭṭhakapāsāṇā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo. Tatrāpi hi iṭṭhakādīnaṃyeva upari ṭhapetuṃ vaṭṭati. Kasmā? Tesaṃ anupādānattā. Na hi tāni aggissa upādānasaṅkhaṃ gacchanti. Sukkhakhāṇurukkhādīsupi aggiṃ dātuṃ na vaṭṭati. Sace pana ‘‘pathaviṃ apattameva nibbāpetvā gamissāmī’’ti deti, vaṭṭati. Pacchā nibbāpetuṃ na sakkoti, avisayattā anāpatti. <span class="bld">Vuttanayenevā</span>ti ‘‘khaṇanabhedanavilikhanapacanādīhī’’ti vutteneva nayena. <span class="bld">Niyametvā</span>ti sanniṭṭhānaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Itaro</span>ti āṇāpako.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Pokkharaṇiṃ khaṇā’’ti (pāci. aṭṭha. 86) vadati, vaṭṭati. Khatāyeva pokkharaṇī nāma hoti, tasmā ayaṃ kappiyavohāro. Esa nayo ‘‘vāpiṃ, taḷākaṃ, āvāṭaṃ khaṇā’’tiādīsupi. ‘‘Imaṃ okāsaṃ khaṇa, imasmiṃ okāse pokkharaṇiṃ khaṇā’’ti pana vattuṃ na vaṭṭati. ‘‘Kandaṃ khaṇa mūlaṃ khaṇā’’ti aniyametvā vattuṃ vaṭṭati. ‘‘Imaṃ valliṃ khaṇa, imasmiṃ okāse kandaṃ vā mūlaṃ vā khaṇā’’ti vattuṃ na vaṭṭati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘okāsaṃ aniyametvā…pe… bhaṇantassā’’</span>ti. Ātapena sukkhakaddamo ca phalati, tatra yo heṭṭhā pathaviyā asambaddho, tameva apanetuṃ vaṭṭati. Esa nayo gokaṇṭakepi<a name="M0.0357"></a>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ātapena…pe… asambaddha’’</span>nti. Tattha <span class="bld">gokaṇṭako</span> (pāci. aṭṭha. 86) nāma gāvīnaṃ khuracchinnakaddamo vuccati. Sace pana heṭṭhimatalena bhūmisambandho, vikopetuṃ na vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Bhijjitvā patitanaditaṭa</span>nti bhijjitvā nadisāmantā patitaṃ omakacātumāsaṃ ovaṭṭhaṃ naditaṭaṃ. Sace pana bhijjitvā udakeyeva pakati, deve atirekacātumāsaṃ ovaṭṭhepi udakeyeva udakassa patitattā <a name="V0.0327"></a> vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Mahantampi naṅgalacchinnamattikāpiṇḍa</span>nti mahantampi kasitaṭṭhāne heṭṭhā pathaviyā asambaddhaṃ naṅgalacchinnamattikāpiṇḍaṃ. <span class="bld">Evamādi</span>saddena kūṭāsiñcanayoggatanukakaddamādīnaṃ gahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Asañcicca rukkhādipavaṭṭanena bhindantassā</span>ti pāsāṇarukkhādīni vā pavaṭṭentassa, kattaradaṇḍena vā āhacca āhacca gacchantassa pathavī bhijjati, sā ‘‘tena bhindissāmī’’ti evaṃ sañcicca abhinnattā <span class="bld">asañcicca bhinnā</span> nāma hoti, iti asañcicca rukkhādippavaṭṭanena bhindantassa anāpatti. <span class="bld">Asatiyā pādaṅguṭṭhakādīhi vilikhantassā</span>ti yo aññavihito kenaci saddhiṃ kiñci kathento pādaṅguṭṭhakena vā kattarayaṭṭhiyā vā pathaviṃ vilikhanto tiṭṭhati, tassa evaṃ asatiyā pādaṅguṭṭhakādīhi vilikhantassa anāpatti.</p>
<p class="centered">Pathavīkhaṇanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Musāvādavaggo paṭhamo.</p>
<p class="title">2. Bhūtagāmavaggo</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Bhūtagāmasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Bhavantī’’</span>ti (sārattha. ṭī. pācittiya 3.90) iminā viruḷhamūle nīlabhāvaṃ āpajjitvā vaḍḍhamānake taruṇagacche dasseti. <span class="bld">‘‘Ahesu’’</span>nti iminā pana vaḍḍhitvā ṭhite mahante rukkhagacchādike dasseti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘jāyantī’’</span>tiādi. Ettha ca ‘‘bhavantī’’ti imassa vivaraṇaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘jāyanti vaḍḍhantī’’</span>ti, ‘‘ahesu’’nti imassa <span class="bld">‘‘jātā vaḍḍhitā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Gāmo</span>ti samūho. <span class="bld">Patiṭṭhitaharitatiṇarukkhādīna</span>nti bhūmiyaṃ patiṭṭhitassa haritatiṇassa ceva haritarukkhādīnañca. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena osadhigacchalatādayo veditabbā. Nimittatthe ca bhummaṃ. Yo attho sampajjati, tamāha <span class="bld">‘‘bhūtagāmapātabyatāyā’’</span>tiādinā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nanu <a name="M0.0358"></a> ca rukkhādayo cittarahitatāya na jīvā, cittarahitatā ca pariphandābhāvato, chinnepi viruhanato, visadisajātikabhāvato, catuyoniyaṃ apariyāpannato ca veditabbā, vuḍḍhi pana pavāḷasilālavaṇānampi vijjatīti na tesaṃ jīvabhāve kāraṇaṃ, visayaggahaṇañca nesaṃ parikappanāmattaṃ <a name="V0.0328"></a> supanaṃ viya ciñcādīnaṃ, tathā dohaḷādayo, atha kasmā bhūtagāmassa pātabyatāya pācittiyaṃ icchitanti? Samaṇaasāruppato, tannissitasattānurakkhaṇato ca. Tenevāha ‘‘jīvasaññino hi moghapurisā manussā rukkhasmi’’ntiādi (pāci. 89). <span class="bld">Sāsapabījakasevālampī</span>ti sāsapabījakasaṅkhātaṃ sevālampi, sāsapasevālaṃ, bījakasevālampīti attho. Tattha <span class="bld">sāsapasevālo</span> nāma sāsapamatto khuddakasevālo. <span class="bld">Bījakasevālo</span> nāma upari khuddakapatto heṭṭhā khuddakamūlo sevālo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mūlabījakhandhabījaphaḷubījaaggabījabījabījāna</span>nti ettha mūlameva bījaṃ <span class="bld">mūlabījaṃ</span>. Evaṃ sesesupi. Tattha <span class="bld">mūlabījaṃ</span> haliddiādikaṃ. <span class="bld">Khandhabījaṃ</span> assatthādikaṃ. <span class="bld">Phaḷubījaṃ</span> ucchuādikaṃ. <span class="bld">Aggabījaṃ</span> hiriverādikaṃ. <span class="bld">Bījaṃbījaṃ</span> pubbaṇṇādikaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhājanagata</span>nti sarāvādibhājanagataṃ. Nikkhantaṃ mūlamattaṃ etasmāti <span class="bld">nikkhantamūlamattaṃ. Matta</span> saddena cettha paṇṇassa nikkhamanaṃ paṭikkhipati. Esa nayo <span class="bld">nikkhantaaṅkuramatta</span>nti etthāpi. Sace pana mūlañca paṇṇañca niggataṃ, bhūtagāmasaṅkhaṃ gacchati. <span class="bld">Vidatthimattā pattavaṭṭi niggacchatī</span>ti vidatthimattā anīlavaṇṇā pattavaṭṭi nikkhamati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘nikkhante’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Harito na hotī</span>ti nīlavaṇṇo na hoti. Muggādīnaṃ pana paṇṇesu uṭṭhitesu, vīhiādīnaṃ vā aṅkure harite bhūtagāmasaṅgahaṃ gacchanti. Esa nayo ambaṭṭhiādīsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhūtagāmabījagāme</span>ti ettha bhūtagāmato viyojitaṃ viruhanasamatthameva mūlabījādikaṃ bījagāmo nāmāti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Ubhayatthā</span>ti bhūtagāmabījagāmesu. <span class="bld">Atathāsaññissā</span>ti abhūtagāmābījagāmasaññissa. Ko pana vādo abhūtagāmābījagāmesu abhūtagāmābījagāmasaññissa. <span class="bld">Asañciccā</span>ti pāsāṇarukkhādīni vā pavaṭṭentassa, sākhaṃ vā kaḍḍhantassa, kattaradaṇḍena vā bhūmiṃ paharitvā gacchantassa tiṇāni kuppanti. Tāni tena ‘‘vikopessāmī’’ti evaṃ sañcicca avikopitattā <span class="bld">asañcicca vikopitāni</span> nāma honti. Iti asañcicca vikopentassa anāpatti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Asatiyā</span>ti <a name="M0.0359"></a> aññavihito kenaci saddhiṃ kiñci kathento pādaṅguṭṭhakena vā hatthena vā tiṇaṃ vā lataṃ vā vikopento tiṭṭhati, evaṃ asatiyā vikopentassa anāpatti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ajānitvā</span>ti ettha abbhantare ‘‘bījagāmo’’ti vā ‘‘bhūtagāmo’’ti vā na jānāti, ‘‘vikopemī’’ti pana jānāti. Evaṃ tiṇe vā palālapuñje vā khaṇittiṃ vā kudālaṃ vā saṅgopanatthāya <a name="V0.0329"></a> ṭhapeti, ḍayhamānahattho vā aggiṃ pāteti. Tatra ce tiṇāni chijjanti vā ḍayhanti vā, evaṃ ajānitvā vikopentassa anāpatti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yena kenaci agginā</span>ti kaṭṭhaggigomayaggiādīsu yena kenaci agginā, antamaso lohakhaṇḍenapi ādittena. <span class="bld">‘‘Kappiya’’nti vatvāvā</span>ti yāya kāyaci bhāsāya ‘‘kappiya’’nti vatvāva. <span class="bld">Eva</span>-saddena paṭhamaṃ agginā phusitvā pacchā ‘‘kappiya’’nti vattuṃ na vaṭṭatī’’ti dasseti. ‘‘Paṭhamaṃ aggiṃ nikkhipitvā taṃ anuddharitvāva ‘kappiya’nti vutte pana vaṭṭatī’’ti (sārattha. ṭī. pācittiya 3.93) vadanti. Esa nayo sesesupi. <span class="bld">Tathevā</span>ti ‘kappiya’nti vatvāva. Assamahiṃsasūkaramigagorūpānaṃ pana khurā atikhiṇā, tasmā tehi na kātabbaṃ, katampi akataṃ hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ṭhapetvā gomahiṃsādīnaṃ khure’’</span>ti. Hatthinakhā pana khurā na honti, tasmā tehi vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Tiracchānāna</span>nti sīhabyagghadīpimakkaṭānaṃ, sakuntānañca. Tesañhi nakhā tikhiṇā honti, tasmā tehi kātabbaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Antamaso chinditvā āhaṭenapī’’</span>ti iminā yehi kātuṃ vaṭṭati, tehi tatthajātakehi kātabbanti ettha vattabbameva natthīti dasseti. <span class="bld">‘‘Satthe vuttanayenevā’’</span>ti iminā chedaṃ vā vedhaṃ vā dassentena ‘‘kappiyanti vatvāvā’’ti vuttamatidisati. Ettha ca kiñcāpi ‘‘kappiyanti vatvāva kātabba’’ntiādinā kappiyaṃ karontena kattabbākārameva dassitaṃ, tathāpi bhikkhunā ‘‘kappiyaṃ karohī’’ti vutteyeva anupasampannena ‘‘kappiya’’nti vatvā aggiparijitādi kātabbanti gahetabbaṃ. Avacanaṃ pana ‘‘punapi kappiyaṃ karohīti kāretvāva paribhuñjitabba’’nti paṭhamameva vuttattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekasmiṃ…pe… kappiye kate sabbaṃ kataṃ hotī</span>ti ekaṃyeva ‘‘kappiyaṃ karomī’’ti adhippāyenapi kappiye kate ekābaddhattā sabbaṃ kataṃ <a name="M0.0360"></a> hoti. <span class="bld">Dārukaṃ vijjhatī</span>ti jānitvā vā ajānitvā vā vijjhati vā vijjhāpeti vā, vaṭṭatiyeva. <span class="bld">Bhattasitthe vijjhatī</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Taṃ vijjhati, na vaṭṭatī</span>ti valliādīnaṃ bhājanagatikattāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Bhindāpetvā kappiyaṃ kāretabba</span>nti bījato muttassa kaṭāhassa bhājanagatikattā vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Abīja</span>nti aṅkurajananasamatthabījarahitataruṇambaphalādi. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ pana phalaṃ taruṇaṃ hoti, abīja’’</span>nti. Nibbattabījaṃ nāma bījaṃ nibbattetvā visuṃ katvā paribhuñjituṃ sakkuṇeyyaṃ ambapanasādiphalaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘bījaṃ apanetvā paribhuñjitabba’’</span>nti. Tattha kappiyakaraṇakiccaṃ natthi, sayameva kappiyānīti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="centered">Bhūtagāmasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">2. Aññavādakasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yamattha</span>nti <a name="V0.0330"></a> ‘‘tvaṃ kira dukkaṭāpattiṃ āpanno’’tiādikaṃ yaṃ kiñci atthaṃ. <span class="bld">Tato añña</span>nti pucchitatthato aññamatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Aññenaññaṃ paṭicaraṇassā</span>ti vinayadharena yaṃ vacanaṃ dosapucchanatthaṃ vuttaṃ, tato aññena vacanena paṭicchādanassa. Paṭicchādanatthopi hi carasaddo hoti anekatthattā dhātūnaṃ. <span class="bld">Vutta</span>nti pāḷiyaṃ vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sāvasesaṃ āpattiṃ āpanno</span>ti ettha ṭhapetvā pārājikaṃ sesā sāvasesāpatti nāma, taṃ āpanno. <span class="bld">Anuyuñjiyamāno</span>ti ‘‘kiṃ, āvuso, itthannāmaṃ āpattiṃ āpannosī’’ti pucchiyamāno. <span class="bld">Aññena vacanenā</span>ti ‘‘ko āpanno? Kiṃ āpanno? Kismiṃ āpanno? Kathaṃ āpanno? Kaṃ bhaṇatha? Kiṃ bhaṇathā’’ti aññena vacanena. <span class="bld">Añña</span>nti ‘‘kiṃ tvaṃ itthannāmaṃ āpattiṃ āpannosī’’tiādikaṃ anuyuñjakavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Tathā tathā vikkhipatī</span>ti tena tena pakārena vikkhipati. Kiṃ vuttaṃ hoti? So (pāci. aṭṭha. 94) kiñci vītikkamaṃ disvā ‘‘āvuso, āpattiṃ āpannosī’’ti saṅghamajjhe āpattiyā anuyuñjiyamāno ‘‘ko āpanno’’ti vadati. Tato ‘‘tva’’nti vutte ‘‘ahaṃ kiṃ āpanno’’ti vadati. Atha ‘‘pācittiyaṃ vā dukkaṭaṃ vā’’ti vutte ‘‘ahaṃ kismiṃ āpanno’’ti <a name="M0.0361"></a> vadati. Tato ‘‘amukasmiṃ nāma vatthusmi’’nti vutte ‘‘ahaṃ kathaṃ āpanno, kiṃ karonto āpannomhī’’ti pucchati. Atha ‘‘idaṃ nāma karonto āpanno’’ti vutte ‘‘kaṃ bhaṇathā’’ti vadati. Tato ‘‘taṃ bhaṇāmā’’ti vutte ‘‘kiṃ bhaṇathā’’ti evamanekehi pakārehi vikkhipatīti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yo pana bhikkhu sāvasesaṃ āpattiṃ āpanno, taṃ na kathetukāmo tuṇhībhāvena vihesetīti sambandho. <span class="bld">Vihesetī</span>ti ciranisajjācirabhāsanehi piṭṭhiāgilāyanatālusosādivasena saṅghaṃ viheseti, parissamaṃ tesaṃ karotīti attho. <span class="bld">Parissamo</span> hi vihesā nāma. <span class="bld">Aññavādakakamma</span>nti aññavādakassa bhikkhuno aññavādakāropanatthaṃ kātabbaṃ ñattidutiyakammaṃ. <span class="bld">Vihesakakamma</span>nti etthāpi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Tasmiṃ saṅghena kate</span>ti tasmiṃ aññavādakakamme ca vihesakakamme ca saṅghena ñattidutiyakammavācāya kate. <span class="bld">Tathā karontāna</span>nti taṃ pakāraṃ karontānaṃ, aññavādakañca vihesakañca karontānanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Vihesaketi ayamettha anupaññattī’’ti avacanañcettha ‘‘āpattikarā ca hoti aññavādakasikkhāpadādīsu viyā’’ti (kaṅkhā. aṭṭha. paṭhamapārājikavaṇṇanā) vuttattāyeva paññāyatīti <a name="V0.0331"></a> katvā. Esa nayo upari sikkhāpadesu. <span class="bld">Dhammakamme tikapācittiya</span>nti dhammakamme dhammakammasaññivematikaadhammakammasaññīnaṃ vasena tīṇi pācittiyāni. <span class="bld">Adhammakamme tikadukkaṭa</span>nti etthāpi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Anāropite</span>ti kammavācāya anāropite, appatiṭṭhāpiteti attho. <span class="bld">Gelaññenā</span>ti yena kathetuṃ na sakkoti, mukhe tādisena byādhinā. <span class="bld">Saṅghassa bhaṇḍanādīni bhavissantī</span>ti saṅghamajjhe kathite tappaccayā saṅghassa bhaṇḍanaṃ vā kalaho vā viggaho vā vivādo vā saṅghabhedo vā saṅgharāji vā bhavissantīti iminā vā adhippāyena na kathentassa. Ettha ca <span class="bld">adhammenā</span>ti abhūtena vatthunā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Samuṭṭhānādīni adinnādānasadisānī’’</span>ti avisesaṃ atidisitvā visesaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘idaṃ panā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Siyā kiriyaṃ</span> aññenaññaṃ paṭicarantassa. <span class="bld">Siyā akiriyaṃ</span> tuṇhībhāvena vihesentassa.</p>
<p class="centered">Aññavādakasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">3. Ujjhāpanakasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yena</span> <a name="M0.0362"></a> <span class="bld">vacanenā</span>ti ‘‘chandāya itthannāmo idaṃ nāma karotī’’tiādikena yena vacanena. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘chandāyā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">chandāyā</span>ti chandena pakkhapātena. ‘‘Akkharāya vācetī’’tiādīsu (pāci. 46) viya liṅgavipallāso esa. <span class="bld">Idaṃ nāma karotī</span>ti attano sandiṭṭhasambhattānaṃ paṇītaṃ senāsanaṃ vā paññapeti, bhattādikaṃ vāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Senāsanapaññāpakādibheda</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">ādi</span>saddena bhattuddesakayāgubhājakaphalabhājakādīnaṃ gahaṇaṃ. Anekatthattā dhātūnaṃ <span class="bld">jhe</span>-saddo olokanatthopi hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘avaññāya olokāpentī’’</span>ti. Cintanatthoyeva vā gahetabboti āha <span class="bld">‘‘lāmakato vā cintāpentī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tatheva vadantā</span>ti ‘‘chandāya itthannāmo idaṃ nāma karotī’’tiādīni vadantā. <span class="bld">Vutta</span>nti pāḷiyaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Khiyyanake’’</span>ti (pāci. aṭṭha. 105) ayamettha anupaññatti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Asammatassā</span>ti saṅghena kammavācāya asammatassa. Kevalaṃ ‘‘taveso bhāro’’ti saṅghena āropitabhārassa, bhikkhūnaṃ vā phāsuvihāratthāya sayameva bhāraṃ vahantassa, yatra vā dve tayo bhikkhū viharanti, tatra tādisaṃ kammaṃ karontassāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Yassa kassacī</span>ti upasampannassa vā anupasampannassa vā yassa kassaci. <span class="bld">Anupasampannassa pana sammatassa vā asammatassa</span> <a name="V0.0332"></a> <span class="bld">vā</span>ti ettha pana (pāci. aṭṭha. 106) kiñcāpi anupasampannassa terasa sammatiyo dātuṃ na vaṭṭanti, tathāpi yo upasampannakāle laddhasammutiko pacchā anupasampannabhāve ṭhito, taṃ sandhāya ‘‘sammatassa vā’’ti vuttaṃ. Yassa pana byattassa sāmaṇerassa kevalaṃ saṅghena vā sammatena vā bhikkhunā ‘‘tvaṃ idaṃ kammaṃ karohī’’ti bhāro kato, taṃ sandhāya ‘‘asammatassa vā’’ti vuttaṃ. Yasmā ujjhāpanañca khiyyanañca musāvādavasena pavattaṃ, tasmā ādikammikassa imināva anāpatti, musāvādena pana āpattiyevāti gahetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Ujjhāpanakasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">4. Paṭhamasenāsanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mañcaṃ</span> <a name="M0.0363"></a> <span class="bld">vā</span>ti masārako, bundikābaddho, kuḷīrapādako, āhaccapādakoti imesu catūsu yaṃ kañci mañcaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Pīṭhaṃ vā</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Bhisiṃ vā</span>ti uṇṇabhisi, coḷabhisi, vākabhisi, tiṇabhisi, paṇṇabhisīti imāsu pañcasu bhisīsu yaṃ kañci bhisiṃ vā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘mañcādīsū’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">‘‘mañcasaṅkhepenā’’</span>ti iminā pīṭhasaṅkhepaṃ paṭikkhipati. <span class="bld">Kappiyacammenā</span>ti migājeḷakacammena. Ettha pana migacamme eṇimigo, vātamigo, pasadamigo, kuruṅgamigo, migamātuko, rohitamigoti etesaṃyeva cammāni vaṭṭanti, aññesaṃ pana –</p>
<p class="gatha1">Makkaṭo kāḷasīho ca, sarabho kadalīmigo;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Ye ca vāḷamigā keci, tesaṃ cammaṃ na vaṭṭatīti. (mahāva. aṭṭha. 259);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">vāḷamigā</span>ti sīhabyagghaacchataracchā. Na kevalañca eteyeva, yesaṃ pana cammaṃ vaṭṭatīti vuttaṃ, te ṭhapetvā avasesā antamaso gomahiṃsasasabiḷārādayopi sabbe imasmiṃ atthe ‘‘vāḷamigā’’tveva veditabbā. Etesañhi sabbesaṃ cammaṃ na vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Tālīsapatta</span>nti suddhaṃ tamālapattaṃ, aññena missaṃ pana vaṭṭati. Tiṇavākacoḷesu akappiyaṃ nāma natthi. Kiṃ panettha bibbohane viya nisīdituñca nipajjituñca na vaṭṭatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tatthā’’</span>tiādi. Na kevalañcedamevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pamāṇaparicchedopi cettha natthī’’</span>ti, ‘‘ettakameva kātabba’’nti bhisiyā <a name="V0.0333"></a> pamāṇaniyamopi natthīti attho. Mañcabhisipīṭhabhisibhūmattharaṇabhisicaṅkamanabhisipādapuñchanabhisīti etāsaṃ pana anurūpato sallakkhetvā attano rucivasena pamāṇaṃ kātabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Anto saṃvellitvā baddha</span>nti yathā vemajjhaṃ saṃkhittaṃ hoti, evaṃ majjhe suṭṭhu veṭhetvā baddhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ye aṭṭha māsāti sambandho. ‘‘Avassikasaṅketā’’ti etasseva vivaraṇaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vassānamāsāti evaṃ apaññātā’’</span>ti, appatitā appasiddhāti attho. <span class="bld">‘‘Asaññitā’’</span>tipi pāṭho, tattha aviññātāti attho. <span class="bld">Aṭṭha māsā</span>ti cattāro hemantikā, cattāro gimhikā māsāti aṭṭha māsā. <span class="bld">Ovassakamaṇḍape</span>ti sākhāmaṇḍapapadaramaṇḍapānaṃ yattha katthaci ovassake maṇḍape. <span class="bld">Yatthā</span>ti yesu janapadesu. <span class="bld">Sabbatthā</span>ti sabbesu janapadesu<a name="M0.0364"></a>. <span class="bld">Kākādīnaṃ nibaddhavāsarukkhamūle</span>ti yattha dhuvanivāsena kākā vā kulālā vā aññe vā sakuntā kulāvake katvā vasanti, tādisassa kākādīnaṃ nibaddhavāsassa yassa kassaci rukkhassa heṭṭhā. Yattha pana gocarappasutā sakuntā vissamitvā gacchanti, tassa rukkhassa mūle nikkhipituṃ vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">‘‘Kadācipī’’</span>ti iminā na kevalaṃ vassikasaṅketeyevāti dasseti. <span class="bld">Yatthā</span>ti yasmiṃ padese. <span class="bld">Yadā</span>ti yasmiṃ kāle.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">So</span>ti yassatthāya santhato, so. <span class="bld">Pakatisanthate</span>ti pakatiyāva santhate, yaṃ nevattanā santhataṃ, na parena santharāpitaṃ, tasminti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Lajjī hotī</span>ti lajjanasīlo hoti, parikkhāravināsane bhītoti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘attano palibodhaṃ viya maññatī’’</span>ti, iminā alajjiṃ āpucchitvā gantuṃ na vaṭṭatīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Nirapekkho</span>ti ‘‘āgantvā uddharissāmī’’ti apekkhārahito, iminā sāpekkho ce gacchati, anāpattīti dasseti. Teneva hi anāpattivāre ‘‘otāpento gacchatī’’ti (pāci. 113) vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Aññattha gacchanto</span>ti taṃ maggaṃ atikkamitvā aññattha gacchanto. Leḍḍupātūpacārato bahi ṭhitattā <span class="bld">‘‘pāduddhārena kāretabbo’’</span>ti vuttaṃ, aññattha gacchantassa paṭhamapāduddhāre dukkaṭaṃ, dutiyapāduddhāre pācittiyanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tikapācittiyaṃ</span> saṅghike saṅghikasaññivematikapuggalikasaññīnaṃ vasena. Imināva nayena <span class="bld">tikadukkaṭa</span>mpi veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Cimilikā</span>dīnaṃ attho dutiyasikkhāpade dassitova. <span class="bld">Pādapuñchanī</span> (pāci. aṭṭha. 112) nāma rajjukehi vā pilotikāhi vā pādapuñchanatthaṃ katā. <span class="bld">Phalakapīṭhaṃ</span> nāma phalakamayaṃ pīṭhaṃ. Na kevalaṃ cimilikādīniyeva ajjhokāse ṭhapetvā gacchantassa dukkaṭanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ vā panā’’</span>tiādi. Yaṃ kiñci dārubhaṇḍaṃ, yaṃ kiñci mattikābhaṇḍanti <a name="V0.0334"></a> sambandho. <span class="bld">‘‘Antamaso pattādhārakampī’’</span>ti iminā tālavaṇṭabījanipattapānīyauḷauṅkapānīyasaṅkhādīsu vattabbameva natthīti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Araññe (pāci. aṭṭha. 110) paṇṇakuṭīsu vasantānaṃ sīlasampadāya pasannacittā manussā mañcapīṭhādīni denti ‘‘saṅghikaparibhogena paribhuñjathā’’ti, tattha kiṃ kātabbanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘āraññakena panā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">asati anovassake</span>ti pabbhārādianovassakaṭṭhāne asati. Idañca lakkhaṇavacanaṃ ‘‘sabhāgānaṃ <a name="M0.0365"></a> abhāve’’ti ca icchitabbattā. Āraññakena hi bhikkhunā tattha vasitvā aññattha gacchantena sāmantavihāre bhikkhūnaṃ pesetvā gantabbaṃ. Sabhāgānaṃ abhāve anovassake nikkhipitvā gantabbaṃ. Anovassake asati rukkhe laggetvā gantabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Na kevalaṃ idaṃyeva katvā gantuṃ vaṭṭatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yathā vā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Yathā vā upacikāhi na khajjatī</span>ti yathā ṭhapite upacikāhi senāsanaṃ na khajjati, evaṃ tathā pāsāṇānaṃ upari ṭhapanaṃ katvāti attho. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – catūsu (pāci. aṭṭha. 116) pāsāṇesu mañcaṃ ṭhapetvā mañce avasesamañcapīṭhāni āropetvā upari bhisiādikaṃ rāsiṃ katvā dārubhaṇḍaṃ mattikābhaṇḍaṃ paṭisāmetvā gamikavattaṃ pūretvā gantabbanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Abbhokāsikenāpi ‘‘ahaṃ ukkaṭṭhaabbhokāsiko’’ti cīvarakuṭimpi akatvā asamaye ajjhokāse paññapetvā nisīdituṃ vā nipajjituṃ vā na vaṭṭatīti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘abbhokāsikenā’’</span>tiādi. Sace pana catugguṇenapi cīvarena katakuṭi atementaṃ rakkhituṃ neva sakkoti, sattāhavaddalikādīni bhavanti, bhikkhuno kāyānugatikattā vaṭṭati. Rukkhamūlikassāpi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmiṃ vissāsaggāho ruhati, tassa santakaṃ attano puggalikamiva hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vissāsikapuggalike’’</span>ti. Yasmiṃ pana vissāso na ruhati, tassa santake dukkaṭameva. <span class="bld">Amanusso</span>ti yakkho vā peto vā. <span class="bld">Palibuddhaṃ hotī</span>ti upaddutaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="centered">Paṭhamasenāsanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">5. Dutiyasenāsanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yaṃ</span> <a name="V0.0335"></a> <span class="bld">kiñci camma</span>nti kappiyākappiyaṃ yaṃ kiñci cammaṃ. Nanu ‘‘na, bhikkhave, mahācammāni dhāretabbāni sīhacammaṃ byagghacammaṃ dīpicammaṃ, yo dhāreyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti (mahāva. 255) khandhake sīhacammādīnaṃ paṭikkhepo katoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sīhacammādīnañhī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Pariharaṇeyeva paṭikkhepo</span>ti attano santakaṃ <a name="M0.0366"></a> katvā taṃ taṃ vihāraṃ haritvā mañcapīṭhādīsu attharitvā paribhogeyeva paṭikkhepo, senāsanasantakaṃ katvā bhūmattharaṇavasena pana paribhoge nevatthi doso. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘senāsanaparibhoge pana akappiyacammaṃ nāma natthī’’</span>ti. Pāvārenti sañchādenti sarīraṃ etenāti <span class="bld">pāvāro</span>. <span class="bld">Kojavo</span>ti uddalomiekantalomiādikojavattharaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Sesa</span>nti bhisi nisīdanaṃ tiṇasanthāro paṇṇasanthāroti avasiṭṭhaṃ senāsanaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">bhisī</span>ti mañcakabhisi vā pīṭhakabhisi vā. <span class="bld">Nisīdana</span>nti sadasaṃ veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Tiṇasanthāro</span>ti yesaṃ kesañci tiṇānaṃ santhāro. Esa nayo <span class="bld">paṇṇasanthāre</span>. Ettha ca <span class="bld">bhisi</span> heṭṭhā vuttattā pākaṭā. <span class="bld">Nisīdanaṃ</span> nisīdanasikkhāpadeneva (pāci. 531 ādayo) pākaṭaṃ. <span class="bld">Tiṇasanthārapaṇṇasanthārāni</span> pana lokapasiddhāniyeva. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘pākaṭamevā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Neva uddhareyya, na uddharāpeyyā</span>ti attanā vā uddharitvā patirūpe ṭhāne na ṭhapeyya, parena vā tathā na kāreyya. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yathā ṭhapita’’</span>ntiādi. Taṃ ṭhapentena ca ‘‘catūsu pāsāṇesū’’tiādinā (pāci. aṭṭha. 116) pubbe vuttanayeneva antogehe anovassake nikkhipitabbaṃ. Sace pana senāsanaṃ ovassati, chadanatthañca tiṇaṃ vā iṭṭhakā vā ānītā honti. Sace ussahati, chādetabbaṃ. No ce sakkoti, yo okāso anovassako, tattha nikkhipitabbaṃ. Sace sabbampi ovassati, ussahantena antogāme upāsakānaṃ ghare ṭhapetabbaṃ. Sace tepi ‘‘saṅghikaṃ nāma, bhante, bhāriyaṃ, aggidāhādīnaṃ bhāyāmā’’ti na sampaṭicchanti, ajjhokāse pāsāṇānaṃ upari mañcaṃ ṭhapetvā sesaṃ pubbe vuttanayeneva nikkhipitvā tiṇehi ca paṇṇehi ca paṭicchādetabbaṃ. Yañhi tattha aṅgamattampi avasissati, taṃ aññesaṃ tattha āgatānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ upakāraṃ bhavissatīti. <span class="bld">Upacāra</span>nti sabbapacchimasenāsanato dve leḍḍupātā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ayamettha āpucchitabbānāpucchitabbavinicchayo – (pāci. aṭṭha. 118) yā tāva bhūmiyaṃ dīghasālā vā paṇṇasālā vā hoti, yaṃ vā rukkhatthambhesu katagehaṃ upacikānaṃ uṭṭhānaṭṭhānaṃ hoti, tato pakkamantena āpucchitvāva pakkamitabbaṃ. Tasmiñhi katipayāni divasāni ajaggiyamāne vammikāva santiṭṭhanti. Yaṃ pana pāsāṇapiṭṭhiyaṃ vā pāsāṇatthambhesu vā <a name="V0.0336"></a> katasenāsanaṃ siluccayaleṇaṃ vā sudhālittasenāsanaṃ vā, yattha upacikāsaṅkā natthi, tato <a name="M0.0367"></a> pakkamantassa āpucchitvāpi anāpucchitvāpi gantuṃ vaṭṭati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yattha panā’’</span>tiādi. Sace tādisepi senāsane ekena passena upacikā ārohanti, āpucchitvāva gantabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Āpucchanaṃ pana vatta</span>nti āpucchanaṃ gamikavattaṃ. Idañca itikattabbatādassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ, na pana vattabhedadukkaṭanti (sārattha. ṭī. pācittiya 3.118) dassanatthaṃ. Keci pana ‘‘dukkaṭanti dassanattha’’nti vadanti, taṃ na yujjati <span class="bld">vattakkhandhakaṭṭhakathāya</span> ‘‘yaṃ pāsāṇapiṭṭhiyaṃ vā pāsāṇatthambhesu vā katasenāsanaṃ, yattha upacikānārohanti, taṃ anāpucchantassāpi anāpattī’’ti (cūḷava. aṭṭha. 360) vuttattā. Āpucchantena pana bhikkhumhi (pāci. aṭṭha. 116) sati bhikkhu āpucchitabbo, tasmiṃ asati sāmaṇero, tasmiṃ asati ārāmiko, tasmimpi asati yena vihāro kārāpito, so vihārasāmiko, tassa vā kule yo koci āpucchitabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Upacāre’’</span>ti etasseva vivaraṇaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘bahi āsanne’’</span>ti, vihārassa bahi āsannaṭṭhāneti attho. <span class="bld">Upaṭṭhānasālāya vā</span>ti bhojanasālāyaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Dukkaṭamevā</span>ti vuttappakārañhi dasavidhaṃ seyyaṃ antogabbhādimhi guttaṭṭhāne paññapetvā gacchantassa yasmā seyyāpi senāsanampi upacikāhi palujjati, vammikarāsiyeva hoti, tasmā pācittiyaṃ vuttaṃ. Bahi pana upaṭṭhānasālādīsu paññapetvā gacchantassa seyyāmattameva nasseyya ṭhānassa aguttatāya, na senāsanaṃ, tasmā ettha dukkaṭaṃ vuttaṃ. Mañcapīṭhaṃ pana yasmā na sakkā sahasā upacikāhi khāyituṃ, tasmā taṃ vihārepi santharitvā gacchantassa dukkaṭaṃ vuttaṃ. Vihārūpacāre pana taṃ vihāracārikaṃ āhiṇḍantā disvāva paṭisāmenti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uddharaṇāni katvā</span>ti ettha uddharitvā gacchantena mañcapīṭhakavānaṃ sabbaṃ apanetvā (pāci. aṭṭha. 118) saṃharitvā cīvaravaṃse laggetvā gantabbaṃ. Pacchā āgantvā vasanakabhikkhunāpi puna mañcapīṭhaṃ vā paññapetvā sayitvā gacchantena tatheva kātabbaṃ. Antokuṭṭato seyyaṃ bahikuṭṭe paññapetvā vasantena gamanakāle puna gahitaṭṭhāneyeva paṭisāmetabbaṃ. Uparipāsādato oropetvā heṭṭhāpāsāde vasantassāpi eseva nayo. Rattiṭṭhānadivāṭṭhānesu mañcapīṭhaṃ paññapetvāpi gamanakāle puna gahitaṭṭhāneyeva ṭhapetabbaṃ. Uddharāpetvā gamanepi eseva nayo. Āpucchitvā gacchantena pana <a name="M0.0368"></a> ‘‘bhikkhumhi sati bhikkhu āpucchitabbo’’tiādinā (pāci. aṭṭha. 116) heṭṭhā vuttanayeneva āpucchitvā gantabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Dutiyasenāsanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">6. Anupakhajjasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Jāna’’nti <a name="V0.0337"></a> vutte ‘‘anuṭṭhāpanīyo ‘aya’nti jānanto’’ti ayaṃ viseso kuto labbhatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tenevassā’’</span>tiādi. Nanu padabhājanepi vuḍḍhabhāvādijānanameva vuttaṃ, na tu anuṭṭhāpanīyabhāvanti anuyogaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘vuḍḍho hī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Bahūpakārata</span>nti ‘‘bhaṇḍāgārikattādibahuupakārabhāvaṃ’’. Na kevalaṃ idamevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘guṇavisiṭṭhatañcā’’</span>tiādi, tena bahūpakārattepi guṇavisiṭṭhattābhāve, guṇavisiṭṭhattepi bahūpakārattābhāve dātuṃ na vaṭṭatīti dasseti. ‘‘Bhaṇḍāgārikassa bahūpakārataṃ, dhammakathikādīnaṃ guṇavisiṭṭhatañca sallakkhetvā’’ti (sārattha. ṭī. pācittiya 3.119-121) keci. <span class="bld">Dhuvavāsatthāyā</span>ti niccavāsatthāya. <span class="bld">Sammannitvā</span>ti apalokanena kammena sammannitvā. Kāmañcettha gilānassāpi saṅghoyeva anucchavikaṃ senāsanaṃ deti, gilāno pana apaloketvā saṅghena adinnasenāsanopi na pīḷetabbo anukampitabboti dassetuṃ visuṃ vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samantā diyaḍḍho hattho</span>ti majjhe paññattaṃ mañcapīṭhaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Ekapassena ce pahonakadisā dissati, tato gahetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Pādadhovanapāsāṇato</span>ti dvāre nikkhittapādadhovanapāsāṇato. <span class="bld">Nisīdantassa vā nipajjantassa vā pācittiya</span>nti ettha nisīdanamattena, nipajjanamatteneva vā pācittiyaṃ. <span class="bld">Punappunaṃ karontassā</span>ti uṭṭhāyuṭṭhāya nisīdato vā nipajjato vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Saṅghike saṅghikasaññivematikapuggalikasaññīnaṃ vasena <span class="bld">tikapācittiyaṃ</span> veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Tikadukkaṭaṃ</span> pana puggalike saṅghikasaññivematikaaññapuggalikasaññīnaṃ vasena. <span class="bld">Vihārassa upacāre</span>ti tassa bahi āsannappadese.</p>
<p class="centered">Anupakhajjasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">7. Nikkaḍḍhanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anekakoṭṭhakānī</span>ti <a name="M0.0369"></a> anekadvārakoṭṭhakāni. ‘‘Nikkhamāti vacanaṃ sutvā attano ruciyā ce nikkhamati, anāpattī’’ti (sārattha. ṭī. pācittiya 126) vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tassa</span> <a name="V0.0338"></a> <span class="bld">parikkhāranikkaḍḍhane</span>ti tassa santakaṃ yaṃ kiñci pattacīvaraparissāvanadhammakaraṇamañcapīṭhabhisibibbohanādibhedaṃ antamaso rajanachallipi atthi, tassa parikkhārassa nikkaḍḍhane. <span class="bld">Tañcā</span>ti dukkaṭaṃ parāmasati. <span class="bld">Nikkaḍḍhāpane</span>pi eseva nayo. Gāḷhaṃ bandhitvā ṭhapitesu pana ekāva āpatti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bhaṇḍanakārakakalahakārakameva sakalasaṅghārāmato nikkaḍḍhituṃ labhati. So hi pakkhaṃ labhitvā saṅghampi bhindeyya. Alajjiādayo pana attano vasanaṭṭhānatoyeva nikkaḍḍhitabbā. Sakalasaṅghārāmato nikkaḍḍhituṃ na vaṭṭati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sakalasaṅghārāmatopī’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="centered">Nikkaḍḍhanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">8. Vehāsakuṭisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uparivehāsakuṭiyā</span>ti uparimatale asanthatapadarāya kuṭiyā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘upari acchannatalāyā’’</span>tiādi. Yā hi kāci upari acchannatalā dvibhūmikakuṭikā vā tibhūmikādikuṭikā vā, sā ‘‘vehāsakuṭī’’ti vuccati. Idañhi vehāsakuṭilakkhaṇaṃ. Yadi evaṃ kasmā padabhājane ‘‘majjhimassa purisassa asīsaghaṭṭā’’ti (pāci. 131) vuttanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘padabhājane panā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Idha adhippetaṃ kuṭiṃ dassetu</span>nti imasmiṃ sikkhāpade adhippetaṃ vehāsakuṭiṃ dassetuṃ. <span class="bld">Majjhimassa purisassā</span>ti pamāṇamajjhimassa purisassa. Sabbaheṭṭhimāhi tulāhi sīsaṃ na ghaṭṭetīti <span class="bld">asīsaghaṭṭā. Aṅge vijjhitvā</span>ti aṭaniyo vijjhitvā. <span class="bld">Pavesitapādaka</span>nti pavesitapādasikhaṃ. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti ‘‘bhūmatthe vā’’tiādinā vuttamevatthaṃ kāraṇabhāvena paccāmasati. Yasmā āhaccapādakādīsu yathāvutto attho hoti, tasmāti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sahasā</span>ti abhibhavitvā ajjhottharitvā. <span class="bld">Avehāsakuṭikāyā</span>ti bhūmiyaṃ katapaṇṇasālādīsu, tattha anāpatti. Na hi sakkā tattha parassa pīḷā <a name="M0.0370"></a> kātuṃ. <span class="bld">Sīsaghaṭṭāyā</span>ti yā sīsaṃ ghaṭṭā hoti, tatthāpi anāpatti. Na hi sakkā tattha heṭṭhāpāsāde anoṇatena vicarituṃ, tasmā asañcaraṇaṭṭhānattā parapīḷā na bhavissati. <span class="bld">Uparitalaṃ vā padarasañcita</span>nti uparimatalaṃ dāruphalakehi ghanasanthataṃ. <span class="bld">Kiñci gaṇhāti vā</span>ti upari nāgadantakādīsu laggitaṃ cīvarādiṃ yaṃ kiñci gaṇhāti vā. <span class="bld">Laggati vā</span>ti etthāpi eseva <a name="V0.0339"></a> nayo. Paṭipakkhabhūtā āṇi <span class="bld">paṭāṇi</span>. Yassā dinnāya nisīdantepi pādā na nipatanti, evaṃbhūtā āṇi mañcapīṭhānaṃ pādasikhāsu dinnā hotīti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘pādasīsāna’’</span>ntiādi.</p>
<p class="centered">Vehāsakuṭisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">9. Mahallakavihārasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Piṭṭhasaṅghāṭassā</span>ti dvārabandhassa. <span class="bld">Sāmantā aḍḍhateyyahattho padeso</span>ti yassa (pāci. aṭṭha. 135) vemajjhe dvāraṃ hoti, uparibhāge ca uccā bhitti, tassa tīsu disāsu sāmantā aḍḍhateyyahattho padeso. Khuddakassa pana vihārassa dvīsu disāsu. Tatrāpi yaṃ bhittiṃ vivariyamānaṃ kavāṭaṃ āhanati, sā aparipuṇṇūpacārāpi hoti. Sace pana dvārassa adhobhāgepi lepokāso atthi, tampi limpituṃ vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Aggaḷaṭṭhapanāyā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">aggaḷa</span>saddena taṃsambandhato dvāraphalakasahitaṃ dvārabandhanaṃ adhippetaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sakavāṭakassā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">‘‘Niccalabhāvatthāyā’’</span>ti iminā tañca kho ṭhapanaṃ idha niccalabhāvenāti dasseti. Ko panettha adhippāyoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kavāṭañhī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Kampatī</span>ti calati. <span class="bld">Yāva dvārakosā aggaḷaṭṭhapanāya punappunaṃ limpitabbo vā lepāpetabbo vā</span>ti aggaḷaṭṭhapanatthāya yāva dvārakosā punappunaṃ attanā limpitabbo vā, parehi lepāpetabbo vāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nanu cāyamattho neva mātikāyaṃ, na padabhājane vutto, atha kuto daṭṭhabboti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tatthā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Kiñcāpī</span>ti yadipi. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhuppattiya</span>nti sikkhāpadassa nidāne. <span class="bld">Adhikārato</span>ti anuvattanato. Ālokaṃ sandheti pidhetīti <span class="bld">ālokasandhi</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ālokasandhīti vātapānakavāṭakā vuccantī’’</span>ti. Tattha <span class="bld">vātapānakavāṭakā</span>ti vātapānaphalakā. Anuññātappadesato <a name="M0.0371"></a> pana aññattha punappunaṃ vilimpituṃ vā vilimpāpetuṃ vā na vaṭṭati. ‘‘Mattikāya kattabbakiccaṃ niṭṭhāpetvā puna catutthalepe dinne pācittiya’’nti (sārattha. ṭī. pācittiya 3.135) keci. ‘‘Punappunaṃ lepadānassa vuttappamāṇato aññattha paṭikkhittamattaṃ ṭhapetvā pācittiyassa avuttattā dukkaṭa’’nti apare.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Adhiṭṭhātabba</span>nti saṃvidhātabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Appaharite</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">appa</span>saddo ‘‘appiccho’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.252, 336; saṃ. ni. 2.148) viya abhāvatthoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘aharite’’</span>ti. Sālivīhiādi <a name="V0.0340"></a> (sārattha. ṭī. 2.30) <span class="bld">pubbaṇṇaṃ</span> ‘‘purakkhataṃ sassaphala’’nti katvā, tabbipariyāyato muggamāsādi <span class="bld">aparaṇṇaṃ. Vutta</span>nti vapitaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Tasmiṃ ṭhatvā adhiṭṭhahanto dukkaṭaṃ āpajjatī’’</span>ti iminā yasmiṃ padese samantā vuttappamāṇe paricchede pubbaṇṇādīni na santi, tattha vihāro kāretabbo. Yattha pana santi, tattha kārāpetuṃ na vaṭṭatīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Tathevāti</span> mukhavaṭṭiantena. <span class="bld">Tasmiṃ ṭhātabbaṃ</span> patantassa vihārassa apatanokāsattā, tassa bhikkhuno upari na pateyyāti adhippāyo. Yathāparicchinnassa pana okāsassa abbhantaraṃ vihārassa patantassa okāso hotīti appaharitepi tasmiṃ ṭhatvā adhiṭṭhātuṃ na labhati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tassa anto aharitepi ṭhātuṃ na labhatī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tato ce uttarī</span>ti tiṇṇaṃ maggānaṃ vā pariyāyānaṃ vā upari catutthe magge vā pariyāye vāti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘maggena chādiyamāne’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">maggena chādiyamāne</span>ti aparikkhipitvā ujukameva chādiyamāne. <span class="bld">Pariyāyenā</span>ti parikkhepena. Tattha maggena chādanaṃ iṭṭhakasilāsudhāhi labbhati, pariyāyena chādanaṃ tiṇapaṇṇehīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘iṭṭhakasilāsudhāhī’’</span>tiādi. Tasmā yathā icchati, tathā dve magge vā dve pariyāye vā adhiṭṭhahitvā tatiyaṃ maggaṃ vā pariyāyaṃ vā ‘‘evaṃ chādehī’’ti āṇāpetvā pakkamitabbaṃ. Sace na pakkamati, tuṇhībhāvena ṭhātabbaṃ. Sabbampi cetaṃ chadanaṃ chadanūpari veditabbaṃ. Uparūparichanno hi vihāro ciraṃ anovassako hotīti maññamānā evaṃ chādenti. <span class="bld">Tiṇamuṭṭhigaṇanāyā</span>ti tiṇakaraḷagaṇanāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tikapācittiya</span>nti atirekadvattipariyāye atirekasaññivematikaūnakasaññīnaṃ vasena tīṇi pācittiyāni. <span class="bld">Setavaṇṇādikaraṇe</span>ti setavaṇṇakāḷavaṇṇagerukaparikammamālākammalatākammamakaradantakapañcapaṭikānaṃ <a name="M0.0372"></a> karaṇe. <span class="bld">Leṇaguhātiṇakuṭikādīsū</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">leṇa</span>nti dvārabaddhaṃ. <span class="bld">Guhā</span>ti kevalā pabbataguhā. <span class="bld">Tiṇakuṭikā</span> pākaṭā eva.</p>
<p class="centered">Mahallakavihārasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">10. Sappāṇakasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekasmiṃ ghaṭe ekāva āpattī</span>ti ekasmiṃ udakaghaṭe ekāva āpatti. Esa nayo sabbabhājanesu<a name="V0.0341"></a>. <span class="bld">Vicchindantassā</span>ti dhāraṃ vicchindantassa. <span class="bld">Ekekaṃ pakkhipantassā</span>ti ekekaṃ tiṇaṃ vā paṇṇaṃ vā mattikaṃ vā aññaṃ vā kaṭṭhagomayādiṃ pakkhipantassa. <span class="bld">Pariyādāna</span>nti khayaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Padīpe (sārattha. ṭī. pācittiya 3.140) patitvā paṭaṅgādipāṇakā marissantī’’ti jānantassāpi kusalacittena padīpujjalanaṃ viya ‘‘siñcanena pāṇakā marissantī’’ti pubbabhāge jānantassāpi ‘‘idaṃ jalaṃ siñcāmī’’ti siñcantassa vadhakacittaṃ na hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vinā vadhakacetanāyā’’</span>tiādi. Evañca katvā <span class="bld">‘‘paṇṇattivajja’’</span>nti idampi samatthitaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Ticitta</span>nti kusalākusalābyākatavasena ticittaṃ. Tathā hi paṇṇattiṃ madditvā siñcantassa vā siñcāpentassa vā akusalacittena hoti, ‘‘āsanaṃ dhovissāmī’’ti cittena dhovanatthaṃ siñcantassa vā siñcāpentassa vā kusalacittena hoti, paṇṇattiṃ ajānatā arahatā siñcanādikaraṇe abyākatacittena hotīti kusalākusalābyākatacittavasena ticittaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="centered">Sappāṇakasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Bhūtagāmavaggo dutiyo.</p>
<p class="title">3. Ovādavaggo</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Ovādasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgatassā</span>ti ‘‘sīlavā hotī’’tiādīhi (pāci. 147) aṭṭhahi aṅgehi samannāgatassa. <span class="bld">Anuññātā</span>ti imassa sikkhāpadassa nidāne anuññātā<a name="M0.0373"></a>. <span class="bld">‘‘Vassasatūpasampannāyā’’</span>tiādi vakkhamānaaṭṭhagarudhammadassanaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">sāmīcikamma</span>nti maggasampadānabījanapānīyāpucchanādikaṃ anucchavikaṃ vattaṃ. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Na bhikkhuniyā abhikkhuke āvāse vassaṃ vasitabbaṃ, anvaddhamāsaṃ bhikkhuniyā bhikkhusaṅghato dve dhammā paccāsīsitabbā uposathapucchakañca ovādūpasaṅkamanañca, vassaṃvuṭṭhāya bhikkhuniyā ubhatosaṅghe tīhi ṭhānehi pavāretabbaṃ diṭṭhena <a name="V0.0342"></a> vā sutena vā parisaṅkāya vā, garudhammaṃ ajjhāpannāya bhikkhuniyā ubhatosaṅghe pakkhamānattaṃ caritabbaṃ, dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhāya sikkhamānāya ubhatosaṅghe upasampadā pariyesitabbā, na bhikkhuniyā kenaci pariyāyena bhikkhu akkositabbo paribhāsitabbo, ajjatagge ovaṭo bhikkhunīnaṃ bhikkhūsu vacanapatho, anovaṭo bhikkhūnaṃ bhikkhunīsu vacanapatho’’ti (cūḷava. 403; a. ni. 8.51) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Ime satta dhamme saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Garudhamme</span>ti garuke dhamme. Te hi gāravaṃ katvā bhikkhunīhi sampaṭicchitabbattā ‘‘garudhammā’’ti vuccanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aññena vā dhammenā</span>ti ṭhapetvā aṭṭha garudhamme aññena yena kenaci dhammena. <span class="bld">Bhikkhunīsu upasampannamattaṃ vā ovadato</span>ti bhikkhunīsu upasampannamattaṃ garudhammena ovadato vā. Bhikkhūnaṃ santike upasampannāya yathāvatthukameva. <span class="bld">‘‘Adhammakamme’’</span>tiādīsu bhikkhunovādasammutikammaṃ ‘‘kamma’’nti veditabbanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sammatassāpī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Vagge bhikkhunisaṅghe ovadato tikapācittiya</span>nti vagge bhikkhunisaṅghe ovadato vaggasaññivematikasamaggasaññīnaṃ vasena tīṇi pācittiyāni. <span class="bld">Tathā vematikassa cā</span>ti adhammakamme vematikassa ca vagge bhikkhunisaṅghe ovadato tikapācittiyanti attho. Esa nayo <span class="bld">dhammakammasaññino cā</span>ti etthāpi. Yathā ca vagge bhikkhunisaṅghe ovadato nava pācittiyāni, evaṃ adhammakamme adhammakammasaññino samagge bhikkhunisaṅghe ovadato tasmiṃ saṅghe vaggasaññivematikasamaggasaññīnaṃ vasena tikapācittiyaṃ, tathā vematikassa ca dhammakammasaññino cāti nava pācittiyāni. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘samaggepi bhikkhunisaṅghe navā’’</span>tiādi. Dhammakamme pana adhammakammasaññino vaggaṃ bhikkhunisaṅghaṃ ovadato <a name="M0.0374"></a> tikadukkaṭaṃ, tathā vematikassa, dhammakammasaññino cāti nava dukkaṭāni. Samaggaṃ pana bhikkhunisaṅghaṃ ovadato aṭṭhāti sattarasa dukkaṭāni. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sace panā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Aññaṃ dhamma</span>nti aññaṃ suttantaṃ vā abhidhammaṃ vā. ‘‘Samaggāmhāyyā’’ti vacanena hi ovādaṃ paccāsīsanti. Tasmā ṭhapetvā ovādaṃ aññaṃ dhammaṃ bhaṇantassa dukkaṭaṃ. <span class="bld">Ovādañca aniyyātetvā</span>ti ‘‘eso bhagini ovādo’’ti avatvā. <span class="bld">Paripucchaṃ detī</span>ti tassāyeva paguṇāya garudhammapāḷiyā atthaṃ bhaṇati. <span class="bld">Osārehī</span>ti uccārehi, kathehīti attho. <span class="bld">Osāretī</span>ti aṭṭhagarudhammapāḷiṃ vadati. <span class="bld">Pañhaṃ puṭṭho</span>ti garudhammanissitaṃ vā khandhādinissitaṃ vā pañhaṃ bhikkhuniyā puṭṭho.</p>
<p class="centered">Ovādasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">2. Atthaṅgatasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekatoupasampanna</span>nti <a name="V0.0343"></a> bhikkhunisaṅghe upasampannamattaṃ. Ito parampi ca yattha yattha ‘‘ekatoupasampanna’’nti vuccati, sabbattha ayameva attho daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="centered">Atthaṅgatasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">3. Bhikkhunupassayasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saṃvāsāyā</span>ti uposathādiatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Itara</span>nti ubhatosaṅghe upasampannaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Bhikkhunupassayasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">4. Āmisasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Taṇhādiṭṭhīhi āmasitabbato <span class="bld">āmisaṃ,</span> cīvarādi, āmisameva hetu <span class="bld">āmisahetu</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘cīvarādīnaṃ aññatarahetū’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena piṇḍapātasenāsanagilānapaccayasakkāragarukāramānanavandanapūjanānaṃ gahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Avaṇṇakāmatāyā</span>ti ayasakāmatāyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dhammakamme</span>tiādīsu <a name="M0.0375"></a> bhikkhunovādasammutikammaṃ ‘‘kamma’’nti veditabbaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">tikapācittiya</span>nti dhammakamme dhammakammasaññivematikaadhammakammasaññīnaṃ vasena tīṇi pācittiyāni. Tatheva <span class="bld">adhammakamme tikadukkaṭaṃ</span> veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Asammata</span>nti sammatena vā saṅghena vā bhāraṃ katvā ṭhapitaṃ upasampannaṃ. Nanu ovādasammuti upasampannasseva dīyati, na sāmaṇerassāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tatthā’’</span>tiādi. Sammatena vā saṅghena vā ṭhapito pana bahussuto sāmaṇero ‘‘asammato’’ti veditabbo. <span class="bld">Pakatiyā cīvarādihetu ovadantaṃ pana evaṃ bhaṇantassā</span>ti pakatiyā cīvarādihetu ovadantaṃ ‘‘esa cīvarādihetu ovadatī’’ti saññāya evaṃ bhaṇantassa. ‘‘Na cīvarādihetu ovadatī’’ti saññāya pana evaṃ bhaṇantassa dukkaṭaṃ. <span class="bld">Anāmisantaratā</span>ti āmisacittābhāvo, ‘‘āmisahetu ovadissāmī’’ti evaṃ pavattaajjhāsayābhāvoti attho. Cittapariyāyo hettha <span class="bld">antara</span>saddo ‘‘yassantarato na santi kopā’’tiādīsu (udā. 20) viya.</p>
<p class="centered">Āmisasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">5. Cīvaradānasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pañcamasikkhāpadaṃ <a name="V0.0344"></a> uttānatthameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Cīvaradānasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">6. Cīvarasibbanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sūciṃ pavesetvā pavesetvā nīharaṇe</span>ti ārāpathe ārāpathe pācittiyaṃ. ‘‘Sibbissāmī’’ti pana vicārentassa, chindantassāpi dukkaṭaṃ. <span class="bld">Satakkhattumpi vijjhitvā sakiṃ nīharantassā</span>ti sakalasūciṃ anīharanto dīghasuttappavesanatthaṃ satakkhattumpi vijjhitvā sakiṃ nīharantassa. <span class="bld">‘‘Sibbā’’ti vutto</span>ti sakiṃ ‘‘cīvaraṃ sibbā’’ti vutto. <span class="bld">Niṭṭhāpetī</span>ti sabbaṃ sūcikammaṃ pariyosāpeti. <span class="bld">Tassa ārāpathe ārāpathe pācittiya</span>nti āṇattassa sūciṃ pavesetvā pavesetvā nīharaṇe ekamekaṃ pācittiyaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Udāyitthera</span>nti <a name="M0.0376"></a> lāḷudāyittheraṃ. <span class="bld">Vuttalakkhaṇaṃ sibbanaṃ vā sibbāpanaṃ vā</span>ti ‘‘sūciṃ pavesetvā’’tiādinā vuttalakkhaṇaṃ sibbanaṃ vā sibbāpanaṃ vā.</p>
<p class="centered">Cīvarasibbanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">7. Saṃvidhānasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saṃvidahitvā</span>ti ‘‘ehi, asukagāmaṃ gacchāmā’’ti vā ‘‘sve ahaṃ gacchāmi, tvampi āgaccheyyāsī’’ti vā vatvā. Tañca kho saṃvidahanaṃ atthato saṅketakammanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘gamanakāle saṅketaṃ katvāti attho’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Akappiyabhūmiyaṃ saṃvidahantassā</span>ti antogāme, bhikkhuniupassayadvāre, rathikāya, aññesu vā catukkasiṅghāṭakahatthisālādīsu ṭhatvā saṃvidahantassa. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tattha ṭhapetvā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Āsannassāpī</span>ti accāsannassāpi, ratanamattantarassāpīti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Aññassa gāmassā</span>ti yato nikkhamati, tato aññassa gāmassa. <span class="bld">Taṃ okkamantassā</span>ti taṃ antaragāmassa upacāraṃ okkamantassa. Sace dūraṃ gantukāmo hoti, gāmūpacāragaṇanāya okkamante okkamante purimanayeneva āpatti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘iti gāmūpacārokkamanagaṇanāya pācittiyānī’’</span>ti. Tassa tassa pana gāmassa atikkamane anāpatti. <span class="bld">Gāme asatī</span>ti addhayojanabbhantare gāme asati. Tasmiṃ pana gāme sati gāmantaragaṇanāyeva <a name="V0.0345"></a> pācittiyāni. <span class="bld">Addhayojanagaṇanāya pācittiya</span>nti addhayojane addhayojane pācittiyaṃ, ekamekaṃ addhayojanaṃ atikkamantassa ‘‘idāni atikkamissāmī’’ti paṭhamapāde dukkaṭaṃ, dutiyapāde pācittiyanti attho. Imasmiñhi naye atikkamane āpatti, okkamane anāpatti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Visaṅketenā</span>ti (pāci. aṭṭha. 185) ettha ‘‘purebhattaṃ gamissāmā’’ti vatvā pacchābhattaṃ gacchanti, ‘‘ajja vā gamissāmā’’ti sve gacchanti, evaṃ kālavisaṅketeyeva anāpatti. Dvāravisaṅkete, pana maggavisaṅkete, vā satipi āpattiyeva. <span class="bld">Āpadāsū</span>ti raṭṭhabhede cakkasamāruḷhā jānapadā pariyāyanti, evarūpāsu āpadāsu anāpatti. <span class="bld">Cakkasamāruḷhā</span>ti ca iriyāpathacakkaṃ vā sakaṭacakkaṃ vā <a name="M0.0377"></a> samāruḷhāti attho. <span class="bld">Mātugāmasikkhāpadenā</span>ti (pāci. 413 ādayo) sappāṇakavagge sattamasikkhāpadena.</p>
<p class="centered">Saṃvidhānasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">8. Nāvābhiruhanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kīḷāpurekkhāro</span>ti lokassādamittasanthavavasena kīḷāpurekkhāro. <span class="bld">Tathevā</span>ti kīḷāvaseneva. <span class="bld">Agāmakatīrapassenā</span>ti addhayojanabbhantare gāmānaṃ abhāvato agāmakatīrapassena. Pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘uddhaṃgāminiṃ vā adhogāminiṃ vā’’ti (pāci. 186) vacanato pana vāpisamuddādīsu kīḷāpurekkhāratāyapi gacchantassa anāpatti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘samudde pana yathāsukhaṃ gantuṃ vaṭṭatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Visaṅketenā</span>ti idhāpi kālavisaṅketeneva anāpatti, titthavisaṅketena, pana nāvāvisaṅketena vā gacchantassa āpattiyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sesa</span>nti saddhiṃ samuṭṭhānādīhi avasesaṃ, keci pana ‘‘kīḷāpurekkhāro ‘saṃvidahitvā’ti (sārattha. ṭī. pācittiya 3.188) vacanato imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ akusalacittaṃ lokavajjaṃ, tasmā sesaṃ nāma ṭhapetvā ‘paṇṇattivajjaṃ ticitta’nti idaṃ dvayaṃ avasesa’’nti vadanti, taṃ na gahetabbaṃ. Kīḷāpurekkhāratāya hi abhiruhitvāpi gāmantarokkamane, addhayojanātikkame vā saṃvegaṃ paṭilabhitvā arahattaṃ vā sacchikareyya, niddaṃ vā okkameyya, kammaṭṭhānaṃ vā manasi karonto gaccheyya, kuto cassa akusalacittasamaṅgitā, yenidaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ akusalacittaṃ, lokavajjañca siyāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Nāvābhiruhanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">9. Paripācitasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paripācita</span>nti <a name="V0.0346"></a> paripākamāpāditaṃ, yathā labhati, tathā katvā ṭhapitanti vuttaṃ hoti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘neva tassā’’</span>tiādi <span class="bld">tassā</span>ti yo paribhuñjeyya, tassa bhikkhuno. <span class="bld">Bhikkhussa guṇaṃ pakāsetvā</span>ti ‘‘ayyo bhāṇako, ayyo bahussuto’’tiādinā (pāci. 195) guṇaṃ pakāsetvā<a name="M0.0378"></a>. <span class="bld">Piṇḍapāta</span>nti pañcannaṃ bhojanānaṃ aññataraṃ. Kammasādhanoyaṃ <span class="bld">samārambha</span>saddoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘samāraddha’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Paṭiyāditassā</span>ti sampāditassa. Yasmā ñātakappavāritehi bhikkhussa atthāya asamāraddhopi piṇḍapāto atthato samāraddhova hoti yathāsukhaṃ harāpetabbato, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘ñātakappavāritānaṃ vā santaka’’</span>nti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ubhayatthā</span>ti paripācitāparipācitesu. <span class="bld">Avasese</span>ti bhikkhuniparipācitepi yāgukhajjakaphalāphalādike sabbattha. Nimittobhāsaparikathāviññattivasena pana avasesepi dukkaṭato na muccati.</p>
<p class="centered">Paripācitasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">10. Rahonisajjasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uparī</span>ti acelakavagge. <span class="bld">Upanandassa catutthasikkhāpadenā</span>ti appaṭicchanne mātugāmena saddhiṃ rahonisajjasikkhāpadena (pāci. 284 ādayo). Tañhi upanandattheraṃ ārabbha paññattesu catutthabhāvato ‘‘upanandassa catutthasikkhāpada’’nti vuttaṃ. Yadi ekaparicchedaṃ, atha kasmā visuṃ paññattanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘aṭṭhuppattivasena pana visuṃ paññatta’’</span>nti. Tattha <span class="bld">aṭṭhuppattivasenā</span>ti atthassa uppattivasena, bhikkhuniyā eva rahonisajjāya uppattivasenāti attho. Ayaṃ hetthādhippāyo – catutthasikkhāpadavatthuto imassa sikkhāpadassa vatthuno paṭhamaṃ uppannattā ekaparicchedepi idaṃ paṭhamaṃ visuṃ paññattanti.</p>
<p class="centered">Rahonisajjasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Ovādavaggo tatiyo.</p>
<p class="title">4. Bhojanavaggo</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Āvasathasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Agilāno’’ti <a name="V0.0347"></a> ettha antamaso dvigāvutaṃ gantuṃ samattho adhippetoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘addhayojanampi gantuṃ samatthenā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Āvasathapiṇḍo</span>ti <a name="M0.0379"></a> āvasathe piṇḍo, sālādīsu anodissa yāvadatthaṃ paññattaṃ pañcannaṃ bhojanānaṃ aññataraṃ bhojananti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘imesaṃ vā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">imesaṃ vā</span>ti imesaṃ pāsaṇḍānaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Ettakānaṃ vā</span>ti imasmiṃ pāsaṇḍe ettakānaṃ pāsaṇḍānaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Pāsaṇḍa</span>nti channavutividhaṃ samaṇaparibbājakādiṃ. Te hi taṇhāpāsañceva diṭṭhipāsañca ḍenti oḍḍentīti <span class="bld">pāsaṇḍā</span>ti vuccanti. <span class="bld">Anodissā</span>ti anuddisitvā, aparicchinditvāti attho. <span class="bld">Sālādīsu yattha katthacī</span>ti sālārukkhamūlaabbhokāsādīsu yattha katthaci ṭhānesu. <span class="bld">Ekadivasameva bhuñjitabbo</span>ti ekadivasaṃ sakiṃyeva bhuñjitabbo, ekasmiṃ divase punappunaṃ bhuñjituṃ na vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Dutiyadivasato paṭṭhāyā</span>ti bhuttadivasassa dutiyadivasato paṭṭhāya. <span class="bld">Ajjhohāre ajjhohāre pācittiya</span>nti ālope ālope kabaḷe kabaḷe pācittiyaṃ. Nānākulehi (pāci. aṭṭha. 206) pana nānāṭṭhānesu paññattaṃ, ekasmiṃ ṭhāne ekadivasaṃ bhuñjitvā dutiyadivase aññattha bhuñjituṃ vaṭṭati, paṭipāṭiṃ pana khepetvā puna ādito paṭṭhāya bhuñjituṃ na vaṭṭati. Ekapūganānāpūgaekagāmanānāgāmesupi eseva nayo. Yopi ekakulassa vā nānākulānaṃ vā ekato paññatto taṇḍulādīnaṃ abhāvena antarantarā chijjati, sopi na bhuñjitabbo. Sace pana ‘‘na sakkoma dātu’’nti upacchinditvā puna kalyāṇacitte uppanne dātuṃ ārabhanti, etaṃ puna ekadivasaṃ bhuñjituṃ vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tikapācittiya</span>nti agilāne agilānasaññivematikagilānasaññīnaṃ vasena tīṇi pācittiyāni. <span class="bld">Gilānassa gilānasaññino</span>ti gilānassa pana ‘‘gilāno aha’’nti saññino anuvasitvā bhuñjantassa anāpatti. <span class="bld">Sakiṃ bhuñjatī</span>ti ekadivasaṃ bhuñjati. <span class="bld">‘‘Gacchanto vā’’</span>ti idaṃ addhayojanavasena gahetabbaṃ, tathā <span class="bld">‘‘paccāgacchanto’’</span>ti (sārattha. ṭī. pācittiya 3.208) idampīti vadanti. <span class="bld">Kenaci upaddavenā</span>ti nadipūracorabhayādinā kenaci upaddavena. <span class="bld">Añña</span>nti yāgukhajjakaphalāphalādibhedaṃ yaṃ kiñci aññaṃ. <span class="bld">Anuvasitvā</span>ti puna vasitvā.</p>
<p class="centered">Āvasathasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">2. Gaṇabhojanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gaṇabhojane</span>ti <a name="M0.0380"></a><a name="V0.0348"></a> gaṇena laddhattā gaṇassa santake bhojane. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘gaṇassa bhojane’’</span>ti. Nanu cettha ‘‘gaṇassa bhojane’’ti vuccati, so ca kho gaṇo ‘‘katthaci dvīhi, katthaci tīhī’’tiādinā anekadhā adhippeto, idha katihīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘idha cā’’</span>tiādi. Taṃ panetaṃ gaṇabhojanaṃ dvīhi pakārehi pasavati nimantanato vā viññattito vāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tesaṃ nimantanato vā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">nimantanato vā</span>ti akappiyanimantanato vā. <span class="bld">Odanādīnaṃ pañcanna</span>nti odanasattukummāsamacchamaṃsānaṃ pañcannaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Odanena nimantemi, odanaṃ me gaṇhathā’’tiādinā nayena yena kenaci vevacanena vā bhāsantarena vā pañcannaṃ bhojanānaṃ nāmaṃ gahetvā nimantetīti sambandho. <span class="bld">Cattāro</span>ti ekaṭṭhāne vā nānāṭṭhānesu vā ṭhite cattāro bhikkhū. Lakkhaṇavacanañcetaṃ, tasmā cattāro vā tato vā adhike bhikkhūti attho. <span class="bld">Vevacanena vā</span>ti bhattaannādipariyāyasaddena vā. <span class="bld">Bhāsantarena vā</span>ti andhadamiḷādibhāsantarena vā. <span class="bld">Pañcannaṃ bhojanānaṃ nāmaṃ gahetvā</span>ti pañcannaṃ bhojanānaṃ aññatarassa nāmaṃ gahetvā. <span class="bld">Odanena nimantemī</span>ti tumhe bhante odanena nimantemi. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena ‘‘ākaṅkhatha oloketha adhivāsetha paṭimānetha, sattunā nimantemi, sattuṃ me gaṇhatha ākaṅkhatha oloketha adhivāsetha paṭimānethā’’tiādīnaṃ (pāci. aṭṭha. 217-218) gahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Ekato vā</span>ti ekattha ṭhite vā nisinne vā bhikkhū disvā ‘‘tumhe, bhante, odanena nimantemī’’tiādinā evaṃ ekato nimantitā. <span class="bld">Nānāto vā nimantitā</span>ti cattāri pariveṇāni vā vihāre vā gantvā nānāto vā nimantitā. Ekaṭṭhāne ṭhitesuyeva vā eko puttena, eko pitarāti evampi nimantitā nānātoyeva nimantitā nāma honti. <span class="bld">Ekato gaṇhanti</span>ti aññamaññassa dvādasahatthūpacāre ṭhitā gaṇhanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kasmā pana nānāto bhuttepi gaṇabhojanaṃ hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘paṭiggahaṇameva hettha pamāṇa’’</span>nti. Yadi evaṃ atha kasmā pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘gaṇabhojanaṃ nāma yattha cattāro bhikkhū pañcannaṃ bhojanānaṃ aññatarena bhojanena nimantitā bhuñjanti, etaṃ gaṇabhojanaṃ nāmā’’ti (pāci. 218) vuttaṃ? Taṃ paṭiggahaṇaniyamanatthameva<a name="M0.0381"></a>. Na hi appaṭiggahitakaṃ bhikkhū bhuñjantīti ‘‘bhuñjantī’’ti padaṃ paṭiggahaṇaniyamavacanaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Ekato vā nānāto vā viññāpetvā</span>ti cattāro bhikkhū ekato ṭhitā vā nisinnā vā upāsakaṃ disvā ‘‘amhākaṃ catunnampi bhattaṃ dehī’’ti vā pāṭekkaṃ pavisitvā ‘‘mayhaṃ bhattaṃ dehi, mayhaṃ bhattaṃ dehī’’ti vā ekato vā nānāto <a name="V0.0349"></a> vā viññāpetvā. <span class="bld">Tassa duvidhassāpī</span>ti yañca nimantanato laddhaṃ gaṇabhojanaṃ, yañca viññattito laddhaṃ, tassa duvidhassāpi gaṇabhojanassa. <span class="bld">Evaṃ paṭiggahaṇe</span>ti ekato paṭiggahaṇe.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pādānampi phalitattā</span>ti (pāci. aṭṭha. 217-218) antamaso pādānampi yathā mahācammassa parato maṃsaṃ dissati, evaṃ phalitattā. <span class="bld">Na sakkā piṇḍāya caritu</span>nti vālikāya vā sakkharāya vā phuṭṭhamatte dukkhuppattito antogāme piṇḍāya carituṃ na sakkoti. <span class="bld">Cīvare kariyamāne</span>ti sāṭakañca suttañca labhitvā cīvare kariyamāne. <span class="bld">Yaṃ kiñci cīvare kattabbakamma</span>nti cīvaravicāraṇachindanamoghasuttāropanādi yaṃ kiñci cīvare kattabbaṃ kammaṃ, antamaso sūcivedhanampīti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">‘‘Addhayojanampī’’</span>tiādi avakaṃsato vuttaṃ. Yo pana dūraṃ gantukāmo, tattha vattabbameva natthi, gacchanto addhayojanabbhantare gāvutepi bhuñjituṃ labhati, gato pana ekadivasaṃ. Yadā nāvaṃ abhiruhitukāmo vā hoti āruḷho vā oruḷho vā, ayaṃ nāvābhiruhanasamayo nāmāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘nāvābhiruhanasamayepi eseva nayo’’</span>ti. Ayaṃ pana viseso – abhiruḷhena icchitaṭṭhānaṃ gantvāpi yāva na orohati, tāva bhuñjitabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Cattāro bhikkhū</span>ti antimaparicchedo. Yattha pana sataṃ vā sahassaṃ vā sannipatitaṃ, tattha vattabbameva natthi. Tasmā tādise kāle ‘‘mahāsamayo’’ti adhiṭṭhahitvā bhuñjitabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Yo koci pabbajito</span>ti sahadhammikesu vā titthiyesu vā aññataro.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ye ca dve tayo ekato gaṇhantī</span>ti yepi akappiyanimantanaṃ sādiyitvā dve vā tayo vā ekato gaṇhanti, tesampi anāpatti. Paṇītabhojanasūpodanaviññattīhi pana āpattiyevāti vadanti, upaparikkhitabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Niccabhattādīsū</span>ti niccabhatte salākabhatte pakkhike uposathike pāṭipadike. Tattha <span class="bld">niccabhatta</span>nti dhuvabhattaṃ vuccati. ‘‘Niccabhattaṃ gaṇhathā’’ti vadanti<a name="M0.0382"></a>, bahūnampi ekato gaṇhituṃ vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Salākabhattā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="centered">Gaṇabhojanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">3. Paramparabhojanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gaṇabhojane vuttanayenevā</span>ti bhikkhuṃ upasaṅkamitvā ‘‘tumhe, bhante, odanena nimantemi, odanaṃ me gaṇhathā’’tiādinā (pāci. aṭṭha. 217-218) nayena yena kenaci vevacanena vā bhāsantarena vā pañcannaṃ bhojanānaṃ aññatarassa nāmaṃ gahetvā nimantetīti vutteneva nayena<a name="V0.0350"></a>. <span class="bld">Nimantitassā</span>ti akappiyanimantanena nimantitassa. <span class="bld">Avikappetvā</span>ti sammukhāsammukhavasena avikappetvā, apariccajitvāti attho. Ayañhi bhattavikappanā nāma sammukhāparammukhāpi vaṭṭati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yo bhikkhu pañcasu sahadhammikesū’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aññatra nimantanabhojanavatthusmi</span>nti aññatra paṭhamaṃ nimantitā hutvā aññasmiṃ nimantane bhuñjanavatthusmiṃ. Yadi tividhā anupaññatti, atha kasmā parivāre ‘‘catasso anupaññattiyo’’ti vuttanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘parivāre panā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Vikappanampi gahetvā</span>ti vikappanānujānanampi anupaññattisamānanti anupaññattibhāvena gahetvā. <span class="bld">Ekasaṃsaṭṭhānī</span>ti ekasmiṃ missitāni. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti (pāci. aṭṭha. 229) – dve tīṇi kulāni nimantetvā ekasmiṃ ṭhāne nisīdāpetvā ito cito ca āharitvā bhattaṃ ākiranti, sūpabyañjanaṃ ākiranti, ekamissakaṃ hoti, ettha anāpattīti. Sace pana mūlanimantanaṃ heṭṭhā hoti, pacchimaṃ pacchimaṃ upari, taṃ uparito paṭṭhāya bhuñjantassa āpatti. Hatthaṃ pana anto pavesetvā paṭhamanimantanato ekampi kabaḷaṃ uddharitvā bhuttakālato paṭṭhāya yathā tathā vā bhuñjantassa anāpatti. <span class="bld">Dve tīṇi nimantanāni ekato vā katvā bhuñjatī</span>ti dve tīṇi nimantanāni ekato pakkhipitvā missetvā ekaṃ katvā bhuñjatīti attho. <span class="bld">‘‘Sakalena gāmena vā’’</span>tiādīsu sakalena gāmena ekato hutvā nimantitasseva yattha katthaci bhuñjato anāpatti. <span class="bld">Pūge</span>pi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Nimantiyamāno vā ‘‘bhikkhaṃ gahessāmī’’ti vadatī</span>ti ‘‘bhattaṃ gaṇhā’’ti nimantiyamāno <a name="M0.0383"></a> ‘‘na mayhaṃ tava bhattena attho, bhikkhaṃ gahessāmī’’ti bhaṇati. <span class="bld">Kiriyākiriya</span>nti ettha bhojanaṃ kiriyaṃ, avikappanaṃ akiriyaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Paramparabhojanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">4. Kāṇamātāsikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paheṇakatthāyā</span>ti paṇṇākāratthāya. <span class="bld">Pātheyyatthāyā</span>ti maggaṃ gacchantānaṃ antarāmaggatthāya. <span class="bld">Sattū</span>ti baddhasattu, abaddhasattu ca. <span class="bld">Dvattipattapūre paṭiggahetvā</span>ti mukhavaṭṭiyā heṭṭhimalekhāya samaṃ pūre dvattipattapūre gahetvāti attho. Imassa catthassa heṭṭhā vuttanayeneva pākaṭattā tattha kattabbappakārameva dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘etthā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Sesa</span>nti tato ekapattato aññaṃ pattaṃ. Sace tayo pattapūrā gahitā dve, sace dve gahitā, ekanti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gamane</span> <a name="V0.0351"></a> <span class="bld">vā paṭippassaddhe</span>ti antarāmagge upaddavaṃ disvā, anatthikatāya vā ‘‘mayaṃ idāni na pesissāma na gamissāmā’’ti evaṃ gamane upacchinne dentānanti attho.</p>
<p class="centered">Kāṇamātāsikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">5. Paṭhamapavāraṇāsikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhuttavā</span>ti katabhattakicco. <span class="bld">Sāsapamattampi ajjhoharita</span>nti evaṃ parittampi bhojanaṃ saṅkhāditvā vā asaṅkhāditvā vā gilitaṃ. <span class="bld">Pavārito</span>ti paṭikkhepito. Yo hi bhuñjanto parivesakena upanītaṃ bhojanaṃ anicchanto paṭikkhipati, so tena pavārito paṭikkhipito nāma hoti. Byañjanaṃ pana anādiyitvā atthamattameva dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘katappavāraṇo katappaṭikkhepoti attho’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Sopi ca paṭikkhepo yasmā na paṭikkhepamattena, atha kho pañcaṅgavasena. Tenassa padabhājane ‘‘asanaṃ paññāyatī’’tiādi (pāci. 239) vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhojanaṃ</span> <a name="M0.0384"></a> <span class="bld">paññāyatī</span>ti pañcannaṃ bhojanānaṃ aññataraṃ pattādīsu dissati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘pavāraṇappahonakaṃ ce bhojana’’</span>ntiādi. <span class="bld">Sālī</span>ti (pāci. aṭṭha. 238-239) antamaso nīvāraṃ upādāya sabbāpi sālijāti. <span class="bld">Vīhī</span>ti sabbāpi vīhijāti. <span class="bld">Yavagodhumesu</span> bhedo natthi. <span class="bld">Kaṅgū</span>ti setarattakāḷabhedā sabbāpi kaṅgujāti. <span class="bld">Varako</span>ti antamaso varakacorakaṃ upādāya sabbāpi setavaṇṇā varakajāti. <span class="bld">Kudrūsako</span>ti kāḷakodravo ceva sāmākādibhedā ca sabbāpi tiṇadhaññajāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nīvāravarakacorakā cettha ‘‘dhaññānulomā’’ti vadanti. <span class="bld">Yāgu</span>nti ambilayāgukhīrayāguādibhedaṃ yaṃ kiñci yāguṃ. Imināva pāyāsassāpi gahitattā ‘‘ambilapāyāsādīsu aññataraṃ pacāmāti vā’’ti na vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Pavāraṇaṃ janetī</span>ti anatirittabhojanāpattinibandhanaṃ paṭikkhepaṃ sādheti. Sace pana odhi na paññāyati, yāgusaṅgahaṃ gacchati, pavāraṇaṃ na janeti. <span class="bld">Puna pavāraṇaṃ janeti</span> ghanabhāvagamanato paṭṭhāya bhojanasaṅgahitattāti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Udakakañjikakhīrādīni ākiritvā</span>ti udakañceva kañjikañca khīrādīni ca ākiritvā tehi saddhiṃ amadditvā bhattamissake katvā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yāguṃ gaṇhathā’’</span>tiādi. Sace pana bhatte udakakañjikakhīrādīni ākiritvā madditvā ‘‘yāguṃ gaṇhathā’’ti denti, pavāraṇā <a name="V0.0352"></a> na hoti. <span class="bld">Yāguyāpī</span>ti evaṃ yāgusaṅgahaṃ gatāya vā aññāya vā yāguyāpi. Suddharasako, pana rasakayāgu vā na janeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pañcannaṃ bhojanānaṃ aññataravasena vippakatabhojanabhāvassa upacchinnattā <span class="bld">‘‘dvepi khāditāni honti…pe… na pavāretī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Akappiyamaṃsaṃ (pāci. aṭṭha. 238-239), akappiyabhojanañca buddhapaṭikuṭṭhaṃ paṭikkhipato pavāraṇāya avatthutāya na pavāraṇā hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yo panā’’</span>tiādi. Yañhi bhikkhuno khādituṃ vaṭṭati, taṃ eva paṭikkhipato pavāraṇā hoti. Idaṃ pana jānanto akappiyattā paṭikkhipati. Ajānantopi paṭikkhipitabbaṭṭhāne ṭhitameva paṭikkhipati nāma, tasmā na pavāreti. Sace pana akappiyamaṃsaṃ khādanto kappiyamaṃsaṃ vā bhojanaṃ vā paṭikkhipati, pavāreti. Kasmā? Vatthutāya. Yañhi tena paṭikkhittaṃ, taṃ pavāraṇāya vatthu. Yaṃ pana khādati, taṃ <a name="M0.0385"></a> kiñcāpi paṭikkhipitabbaṭṭhāne ṭhitaṃ, khādiyamānaṃ pana maṃsabhāvaṃ na jahati, tasmā pavāreti. Ko pana vādo kappiyamaṃsaṃ khādato kappiyamaṃsabhojanappaṭikkhepe. Esa nayo akappiyabhojanaṃ khādato kappiyabhojanappaṭikkhepe.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhojane satī</span>ti pañcasu bhojanesu ekasmimpi bhojane sati. <span class="bld">Aññaṃ vuttalakkhaṇaṃ bhojana</span>nti pattādigatato aññaṃ vuttalakkhaṇaṃ pañcasu bhojanesu ekampi bhojanaṃ. ‘‘Nirapekkho hotī’’ti etasseva vivaraṇaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ pattādīsū’’</span>tiādi. Na kevalaṃ nirapekkho vāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘aññatra vā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">So paṭikkhipantopi na pavāretī</span>ti tasmiṃ ce antare aññaṃ bhojanaṃ abhihaṭaṃ, taṃ so paṭikkhipantopi na pavāreti. Kasmā? Vippakatabhojanabhāvassa upacchinnattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Upanāmetī’’</span>ti (pāci. aṭṭha. 238-239) iminā kāyābhihāraṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Hatthe vā ādhārake vā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">vā</span>-saddo avuttavikappattho, tena ‘‘ūrūsu vā’’ti vikappeti. Dūre nisinnassa daharabhikkhussa pattaṃ pesetvā ‘‘ito odanaṃ gaṇhāhī’’ti vadati, gaṇhitvā pana gato tuṇhī tiṭṭhati, tampi paṭikkhipato eseva nayo. Kasmā? Bhikkhussa dūrabhāvato, dūtassa ca anabhiharaṇato. Sace pana gahetvā āgato bhikkhu ‘‘imaṃ bhattaṃ gaṇhā’’ti vadati, taṃ paṭikkhipato pavāraṇā hoti. <span class="bld">Evaṃ vuttepī</span>ti ‘‘bhattaṃ gaṇhā’’ti vuttepi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhattapacchiṃ gahetvā parivisantassā</span>ti ekena hatthena bhattapacchiṃ gahetvā ekena hatthena kaṭacchuṃ <a name="V0.0353"></a> gahetvā parivisantassa. <span class="bld">Añño ‘‘ahaṃ dhāressāmī’’ti gahitamattakameva karotī</span>ti añño āgantvā ‘‘ahaṃ pacchiṃ dhāressāmi, tvaṃ odanaṃ dehī’’ti vatvā gahitamattakameva karoti. <span class="bld">Abhihaṭāva hotī</span>ti parivesakeneva abhihaṭāva hoti. Idāni asati tassa dātukāmābhihāre gahaṇasamayepi paṭikkhipato na hotīti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sace panā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Uddhaṭe</span>ti uddhaṭe bhatte. Kaṭacchuabhihāroyeva hi tassa abhihāroti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Anantarassa diyyamāne</span>ti anantarassa bhikkhuno bhatte diyyamāne. <span class="bld">Kāyavikārenā</span>ti ‘‘aṅguliṃ vā hatthaṃ vā macchikabījaniṃ vā cīvarakaṇṇaṃ vā <a name="M0.0386"></a> cāleti, bhamukāya vā ākāraṃ karoti, kuddho vā oloketī’’ti (pāci. aṭṭha. 238-239) evaṃ vuttena aṅgulicalanādinā kāyavikārena. <span class="bld">‘‘Alaṃ mā dehī’’tiādinā vacīvikārenā</span>ti ‘‘ala’’nti vā ‘‘na gaṇhāmī’’ti vā ‘‘mā ākirā’’ti vā ‘‘apagacchā’’ti vā evaṃ yena kenaci vacīvikārena.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Abhihaṭe pana bhatte pavāraṇāya bhīto hatthe apanetvā punappunaṃ patte odanaṃ ākirantaṃ ‘‘ākira ākira, koṭṭetvā pūrehī’’ti vadato pavāraṇā na hoti. Esa nayo bhattaṃ abhiharantaṃ bhikkhuṃ sallakkhetvā ‘‘kiṃ, āvuso, itopi kiñci gaṇhissasi, dammi te kiñcī’’ti vadatopi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Rasaṃ paṭiggaṇhathā’’</span>ti appavāraṇājanakassa nāmaṃ gahetvā vuttattā <span class="bld">‘‘taṃ sutvā paṭikkhipato pavāraṇā natthī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Maṃsarasa</span>nti ettha pana na kevalaṃ maṃsassa rasaṃ ‘‘maṃsarasa’’micceva viññāyati, atha kho maṃsañca rasañca maṃsarasanti evaṃ pavāraṇājanakanāmavasenāpi. Tasmā taṃ paṭikkhipato pavāraṇāva hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘maṃsarasanti vutte pana paṭikkhipato pavāraṇā hotī’’</span>ti. Parato <span class="bld">macchamaṃsaṃ byañjana</span>nti etthāpi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Yasmiṃ iriyāpathe pavāreti, taṃ avikopenteneva bhuñjitabba</span>nti yo gacchanto (pāci. aṭṭha. 238-239) pavāreti, tena gacchanteneva bhuñjitabbaṃ. Kaddamaṃ vā udakaṃ vā patvā ṭhitena atirittaṃ kāretabbaṃ. Sace antarā nadī pūrā hoti, naditīre gumbaṃ anupariyāyantena bhuñjitabbaṃ. Atha nāvā vā setu vā atthi, taṃ abhiruhitvāpi caṅkamanteneva bhuñjitabbaṃ, gamanaṃ na upacchinditabbaṃ. Esa nayo itarairiyāpathesupi. Taṃ taṃ iriyāpathaṃ kopentena atirittaṃ kāretabbaṃ. Yo ukkuṭikova nisīditvā pavāreti, tena ukkuṭikeneva bhuñjitabbaṃ. Tassa pana heṭṭhā palālapīṭhaṃ vā kiñci vā nisīdanaṃ dātabbaṃ. Pīṭhake nisīditvā pavāritena pana āsanaṃ acāletvāva catasso disā parivattantena bhuñjituṃ labbhati. Mañce nisīditvā pavāritena ito vā etto vā saṃsarituṃ na labbhati. Sace pana saha <a name="V0.0354"></a> mañcena ukkhipitvā aññatra nenti, vaṭṭati. Nipajjitvā pavāritenāpi nipanneneva bhuñjitabbaṃ. Parivattantena yena passena nipanno, tassa ṭhānaṃ nātikkametabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Alametaṃ sabba</span>nti etaṃ sabbaṃ alaṃ pariyattaṃ, idampi te adhikaṃ, ito aññaṃ na lacchasīti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Yo atirittaṃ karotī</span>ti yo ‘‘alametaṃ <a name="M0.0387"></a> sabba’’nti atirittaṃ karoti. <span class="bld">Paṭipakkhanayenā</span>ti ‘‘kappiyakataṃ, paṭiggahitakataṃ, uccāritakataṃ, hatthapāse kataṃ, bhuttāvinā kataṃ, bhuttāvinā pavāritena āsanā avuṭṭhitena kataṃ ‘alametaṃ sabba’nti vutta’’nti (pāci. 239) imehi sattahi vinayakammākārehi yaṃ atirittaṃ kappiyaṃ kataṃ, yañca gilānātirittaṃ, tadubhayampi atirittanti evaṃ tasseva paṭipakkhanayena. Ettha ca ‘‘alametaṃ sabba’’nti tikkhattuṃ vattabbaṃ, ayaṃ kira āciṇṇo. Vinayadharā pana ‘‘sakiṃ eva vattabba’’nti vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kasmā taṃ so puna kātuṃ na labhatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yañhī’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">yañhi akata</span>nti yena paṭhamaṃ kappiyaṃ kataṃ, tena yaṃ akataṃ, taṃ kātabbaṃ. Paṭhamabhājane pana kātuṃ na labbhati. <span class="bld">Yena ca akata</span>nti aññena bhikkhunā yena paṭhamaṃ na kataṃ, tena ca kātabbanti attho. <span class="bld">Vutta</span>nti sīhaḷaṭṭhakathāsu vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Aññasmiṃ pana bhājane</span>ti yasmiṃ pana bhājane paṭhamaṃ kataṃ, tato aññasmiṃ patte vā kuṇḍe vā pacchiyaṃ vā yattha katthaci purato ṭhapetvā onāmitabhājane.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aññatra bhuñjanavatthusmi</span>nti bhuttāvinā pavāritena hutvā aññatra bhuñjanavatthusmiṃ. <span class="bld">Tikapācittiya</span>nti anatiritte anatirittasaññivematikaatirittasaññīnaṃ vasena tīṇi pācittiyāni. <span class="bld">Ajjhoharato ca dukkaṭa</span>nti ajjhoharato ajjhohāre ajjhohāre dukkaṭaṃ. Sace pana āmisasaṃsaṭṭhāni honti, āhāratthāyapi anāhāratthāyapi paṭiggahetvā ajjhoharantassa pācittiyameva. <span class="bld">Tesaṃ anuññātaparibhogavasenā</span>ti yāmakālikādīnaṃ anuññātaparibhogavasena, yāmakālikaṃ pipāsāya sati pipāsacchedanatthaṃ, sattāhakālikaṃ yāvajīvikañca tena tena upasametabbake ābādhe sati tassa upasamanatthanti vuttaṃ hoti. Idampi ajjhoharaṇato <span class="bld">kāyakammaṃ,</span> vācāya ‘‘atirittaṃ karotha bhante’’ti akārāpanena <span class="bld">vacīkamma</span>nti āha <span class="bld">‘‘samuṭṭhānādīni paṭhamakathinasadisānevā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Kiriyākiriya</span>nti ettha paṭikkhipitvā bhuñjanaṃ <span class="bld">kiriyaṃ</span>. Atirittassa akaraṇaṃ <span class="bld">akiriya</span>nti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Paṭhamapavāraṇāsikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">6. Dutiyapavāraṇāsikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sutvā</span> <a name="M0.0388"></a><a name="V0.0355"></a> <span class="bld">vā</span>ti aññena vā teneva vā ārocitaṃ sutvā. ‘‘Bhuttasmiṃ pācittiya’’nti (pāci. 243) vuttattā <span class="bld">bhojanapariyosāne pācittiya’’</span>nti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Dutiyapavāraṇāsikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">7. Vikālabhojanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vikāle</span>ti ettha aruṇuggamanato paṭṭhāya yāva majjhanhiko, ayaṃ buddhādīnaṃ ariyānaṃ āciṇṇasamāciṇṇo bhojanassa <span class="bld">kālo</span> nāma. Tadañño <span class="bld">vikālo</span> ‘‘vigato kālo’’ti katvā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vigate kāle’’</span>tiādi. Ṭhitamajjhanhikopi (pāci. aṭṭha. 248-249) kālasaṅgahaṃ gacchati. Tato paṭṭhāya pana khādituṃ vā bhuñjituṃ vā na sakkā. Sahasā pivituṃ sakkā bhaveyya, kukkuccakena pana na kātabbaṃ. Kālaparicchedajānanatthañca kālatthambho yojetabbo. Kālabbhantareva bhattakiccaṃ kātabbaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Yaṃ kiñci…pe… khādanīyaṃ vā’’</span>ti iminā yaṃ tāva sakkhalimodakādi pubbaṇṇāparaṇṇamayaṃ, tattha vattabbameva natthīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Bhojanīyaṃ</span> nāma pañca bhojanāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sati paccaye</span>ti pipāsādikāraṇe vijjamāne. <span class="bld">Romaṭṭhakassā</span>ti romaṭṭhakassa bhikkhuno ajjhoharitvā uggiritvā mukheva ṭhapito bahi mukhadvārā viniggato bhojanassa maggā bahi niggato ‘‘romaṭṭho’’ti pavuccati. Idha pana ajjhoharitvā uggiritvā mukheva ṭhapitoti adhippeto. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘na ca, bhikkhave’’</span>tiādi. Ṭhapetvā romaṭṭhakaṃ sesānaṃ āgataṃ uggāraṃ mukhe sandhāretvā gilantānaṃ āpatti. Sace pana asandhārentameva paragalaṃ gacchati, vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="centered">Vikālabhojanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">8. Sannidhikārakasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Kāro karaṇaṃ kiriyāti atthato eka’’</span>nti etena <span class="bld">kāra</span>saddassa bhāvatthataṃ dasseti. Sammā nidhānaṃ ṭhapanaṃ <span class="bld">sannidhi</span>. <span class="bld">‘‘Paṭiggahetvā ekarattaṃ vītināmitassetaṃ</span> <a name="M0.0389"></a> <span class="bld">nāma’’</span>nti iminā paṭiggahetvā <a name="V0.0356"></a> ekarattaṃ vītināmite imassa duddhotabhāvaṃ dasseti. Kiñcāpi yāmakālikaṃ khādanīyaṃ, bhojanīyaṃ vā na hoti, ‘‘anāpatti yāmakālikaṃ yāme nidahitvā bhuñjatī’’tiādi vacanato pana tatthāpi yāmātikkame sannidhipaccayā pācittiyena bhavitabbanti <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ kiñci yāvakālikaṃ vā yāmakālikaṃ vā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Idāni duddhotabhāvameva vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ aṅguliyā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">yaṃ aṅguliyā ghaṃsantassa lekhā paññāyatī</span>ti yaṃ pattaṃ dhotaṃ aṅguliyā ghaṃsantassa patte aṅgulilekhā paññāyati, so <span class="bld">patto duddhoto</span> hotīti attho. Telavaṇṇapatte pana aṅgulilekhā paññāyati, sā abbohārikā. <span class="bld">Sneho</span>ti telaṃ. <span class="bld">Sandissatī</span>ti yāguyā upari sandissati. <span class="bld">Tādise pattepī</span>ti paṭiggahaṇaṃ avissajjitvā sayaṃ vā aññena vā bhojanaṃ nīharitvā na sammā dhote pattepi. <span class="bld">Punadivase bhuñjantassa pācittiya</span>nti patte laggaṃ avijahitappaṭiggahaṇaṃ hotīti dutiyadivase bhuñjantassa pācittiyaṃ. Pariccatte pana patte punadivase bhuñjantassa anāpatti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yaṃ panā</span>ti yaṃ bhojanaṃ pana. <span class="bld">Apariccattameva hī</span>ti anapekkhavissajjanena vā anupasampannassa nirapekkhadānena vā apariccattameva. <span class="bld">Kappiya bhojana</span>nti antamaso ekasitthamattampi kappiyabhojanaṃ. <span class="bld">Akappiyesū</span>ti akappiyamaṃsesu. <span class="bld">Sesesū</span>ti manussamaṃsato avasesesu hatthiassasunakhaahisīhabyagghadīpiacchataracchamaṃsesu ceva appaṭivekkhite uddissakatamaṃse ca. Pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘sattāhakālikaṃ yāvajīvikaṃ āhāratthāya paṭiggaṇhāti, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’tiādinā (pāci. 255) sannihitesu sattāhakālikayāvajīvikesu purebhattampi āhāratthāya ajjhoharaṇepi dukkaṭassa vuttattā yāmakālikepi āhāratthāya ajjhoharaṇepi visuṃ dukkaṭenāpi bhavitabbanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘āhāratthāya ajjhoharato dukkaṭena saddhiṃ pācittiya’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Sabbavikappesū</span>ti ‘‘kappiyabhojanaṃ bhuñjantassā’’tiādinā vuttesu sabbesu vikappesu aparampi pācittiyaṃ vaḍḍhati. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti (pāci. aṭṭha. 253) – kappiyabhojane dve pācittiyāni, manussamaṃse thullaccayena saddhiṃ dve pācittiyāni, avasesesu pana akappiyamaṃsesu dukkaṭena saddhiṃ dve pācittiyāni. Yāmakālikaṃ sati paccaye sāmisena mukhena <a name="M0.0390"></a> ajjhoharato dve pācittiyāni, nirāmisena ekameva. Āhāratthāya ajjhoharato vikappadvayepi dukkaṭena saddhinti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Avasesesū</span>ti yāmakālikādito avasesesu. <span class="bld">Pācittiyaṃ vaḍḍhatiyevā</span>ti aparampi pācittiyaṃ vaḍḍhatiyeva. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – sace vikāle ajjhoharati, pakatibhojane sannidhipaccayā <a name="V0.0357"></a> ca vikālabhojanapaccayā ca dve pācittiyāni, akappiyamaṃsesu manussamaṃse thullaccayena saddhiṃ dve pācittiyāni, avasesesu dukkaṭena saddhiṃ dveti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Belaṭṭhasīso</span> nāma jaṭilasahassassa abbhantare eko mahāthero. <span class="bld">Tikapācittiya</span>nti sannidhikārake sannidhikārakasaññivematikaasannidhikārakasaññīnaṃ vasena tīṇi pācittiyāni. <span class="bld">Saṃsaṭṭhānī</span>ti saṃsaṭṭharasāni. Sambhinnarasaṃ sandhāyeva hi ‘‘tadahupaṭiggahitaṃ kāle kappatī’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tasmā’’</span>tiādi. Ettha ca <span class="bld">asambhinnarasa</span>nti amissitarasaṃ. Idañca sītalapāyāsādinā saha laddhaṃ sappipiṇḍādikaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Sudhotaṃ vā’’</span>ti idaṃ pana piṇḍapātena saddhiṃ laddhaṃ takkolajātiphalādiṃ, yāguādīsu pakkhipitvā dinnasiṅgīverādikañca sandhāya vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tenā</span>ti sattāhakālikena. Tadahu paṭiggahitaṃ assāti <span class="bld">tadahupaṭiggahitaṃ,</span> tena tadahupaṭiggahitena. Esa nayo <span class="bld">‘‘dvīhapaṭiggahitenā’’</span>tiādīsupi. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā purebhattaṃ paṭiggahitampi vaṭṭati, tasmā. <span class="bld">Paṭiggahitaṃ sattāhaṃ kappatīti vutta</span>nti ‘‘sattāhakālikena, bhikkhave, yāvajīvikaṃ paṭiggahitaṃ sattāhaṃ kappati, sattāhātikkante na kappatī’’ti (mahāva. 305) <span class="bld">bhesajjakkhandhake</span> vuttaṃ. Kiñcāpi mukhe ekarattaṃ na vuttaṃ, tathāpi mukhe pakkhittameva yasmā sannidhi nāma hoti, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘mukhasannidhī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Catasso kappiyabhūmiyo</span>ti ussāvanantikā, gonisādikā, gahapati, sammutīti catasso kappiyakuṭiyo. Tattha <span class="bld">ussāvanantikā</span> (mahāva. aṭṭha. 295) nāma gehe kariyamāne samparivāretvā ṭhitehi ‘‘kappiyakuṭiṃ karoma, kappiyakuṭiṃ karomā’’ti vā ‘‘kappiyakuṭi kappiyakuṭī’’ti vā vadantehi ṭhapitapaṭhamiṭṭhakathambhādikā saṅghassa vā ekassa bhikkhuno vā kuṭi. Yo pana ārāmo yebhuyyena vā aparikkhitto hoti, sakalopi vā<a name="M0.0391"></a>, so <span class="bld">‘‘gonisādī’’</span>ti vuccati. <span class="bld">Gahapatī</span>ti yā ṭhapetvā bhikkhuṃ sesehi ‘‘kappiyakuṭiṃ demā’’ti dinnā, tesaṃ vā santakā. <span class="bld">Sammuti</span> nāma kammavācāya sāvetvā katā. Kathaṃ panetāsaṃ vinicchayo jānitabboti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tāsaṃ vinicchayo samantapāsādikāyaṃ vutto’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="centered">Sannidhikārakasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">9. Paṇītabhojanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Paṇītabhojanānī’’</span>ti <a name="V0.0358"></a> idaṃ majjhe padalopaṃ katvā niddiṭṭhanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘paṇītasaṃsaṭṭhānī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Sabbopi ‘‘odako’’ti vuttalakkhaṇo maccho</span>ti ‘‘maccho nāma odako vuccatī’’ti (pāci. 260) evaṃ vibhaṅge vuttalakkhaṇo, sabbopi maccho eva. Yo koci udake jāto maccho nāmāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Mahānāmasikkhāpadenā</span>ti –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Agilānena bhikkhunā catumāsapaccayapavāraṇā sāditabbā aññatra punapavāraṇāya aññatra niccapavāraṇāya. Tato ce uttari sādiyeyya, pācittiya’’nti –</p>
<p class="unindented">Iminā sikkhāpadena (pāci. 306). Ettha hi saṅghavasena gilānapaccayapavāraṇāya pavāritaṭṭhāne sace tattha rattīhi vā bhesajjehi vā paricchedo kato hoti ‘‘ettikāyeva rattiyo, ettakāni vā bhesajjāni viññāpetabbānī’’ti, tato rattipariyantato vā bhesajjapariyantato vā uttari nabhesajjakaraṇīyena vā bhesajjaṃ, aññabhesajjakaraṇīyena vā aññaṃ bhesajjaṃ viññāpentassa pācittiyaṃ vuttaṃ. Tasmā agilāno gilānasaññīpi hutvā pañca bhesajjāni viññāpento nabhesajjakaraṇīyena bhesajjaṃ viññāpento nāma hotīti ‘‘mahānāmasikkhāpadena kāretabbo’’ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yo pana nabhesajjatthāya viññāpeti, atha kho kevalaṃ attano bhuñjanatthāya, so sūpodanaviññattiyāyeva kāretabbo. Vuttañhetaṃ <span class="bld">samantapāsādikāyaṃ</span> ‘‘suddhāni sappiādīni viññāpetvā bhuñjanto pācittiyaṃ nāpajjati<a name="M0.0392"></a>, sekhiyesu sūpodanaviññattidukkaṭaṃ āpajjatī’’ti (pāci. aṭṭha. 259). <span class="bld">Sūpodanaviññattiyā kāretabbo</span>ti ‘‘na sūpaṃ vā odanaṃ vā agilāno’’tiādinā (pāci. 613) sikkhāpadena kāretabbo, dukkaṭena kāretabboti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Iminā</span>ti iminā paṇītabhojanasikkhāpadena.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Sappibhattaṃ dehī’’ti vutte kiṃ hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sappibhattaṃ ‘dehī’ti vutte panā’’</span>tiādi. Sūpodanaviññattiyā dukkaṭameva hotīti sambandho. Kasmāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yasmā’’</span>tiādi. Atha yathā ‘‘paṇītabhojanānī’’ti, evaṃ ‘‘sappibhatta’’nti idampi kasmā na viññāyatīti ce? Anekantikattā. Tathā hi ‘‘paṇītabhojanānī’’ti vutte ‘‘paṇītasaṃsaṭṭhāni bhojanāni <a name="V0.0359"></a> paṇītabhojanānī’’ti ayamattho ekantato paññāyati, ‘‘sappibhatta’’nti vutte pana ‘‘sappimayaṃ bhattaṃ sappibhatta’’ntipi viññāyamānattā ‘sappisaṃsaṭṭhaṃ bhattaṃ sappibhatta’’nti ayamattho na ekantato paññāyati. Esa nayo ‘‘navanītabhattaṃ dehī’’tiādīsupi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Purimanayenevā</span>ti ‘‘bhattaṃ datvā sappiṃ katvā bhuñjā’’ti purimeneva nayena. Sace pana ‘‘sappinā’’ti vutte kevalaṃ sesesu navanītādīsu aññatarena deti, visaṅketameva hoti. <span class="bld">Anāpattī</span>ti visaṅketattā sabbāhiyeva āpattīhi anāpatti. ‘‘Kiñcāpi anāpatti, attano pana payogena nibbattattā na bhuñjitabba’’nti vadanti. <span class="bld">Kappiyasappinā</span>ti kappiyamaṃsasappinā. Esa nayo <span class="bld">akappiyasappinā</span>ti etthāpi. Kappiyākappiyatā hi maṃsānaṃyeva, na sappiādīnaṃ. Ṭhapetvā ekaṃ manussavasātelaṃ sabbesaṃ khīradadhisappinavanītavasātelesu akappiyaṃ nāma natthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paribhogepi dukkaṭameva</span> idha anadhippetattāti adhippāyo. Sace asati akappiyasappimhi purimanayeneva akappiyanavanītādīni deti ‘‘sappiṃ katvā bhuñjā’’ti, akappiyasappināva dinnaṃ hoti. Yathā ca ‘‘kappiyasappinā dehī’’ti vutte akappiyasappinā deti, visaṅketaṃ, evaṃ ‘‘‘akappiyasappinā’ti vutte kappiyasappinā detī’’ti etthāpi paṭipāṭiyā ekamekaṃ vitthāretvā vuccamānepi ayamevattho vattabbo siyā, so ca saṅkhepenapi sakkā viññātunti vitthāranayaṃ hitvā imināva <a name="M0.0393"></a> nayena sabbapadesu vinicchayo veditabboti vuttaṃ. Ayañhettha saṅkhepattho – yena yena viññatti hoti, tasmiṃ vā tassa mūle vā laddhe taṃ taṃ laddhameva hoti. Sace pana aññaṃ pāḷiyā āgataṃ vā anāgataṃ vā deti, visaṅketanti. <span class="bld">Nānāṭṭhāne vā</span>ti tasmiṃyeva ghare sappiṃ, itarasmiṃ navanītantiādinā nānāṭṭhāne vā.</p>
<p class="centered">Paṇītabhojanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">10. Dantaponasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāyenā</span>ti hatthādīsu yena kenaci sarīrāvayavena, antamaso pādaṅguliyāpi gaṇhanto kāyena gaṇhāti nāmāti veditabbo. Dānepi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Kāyappaṭibaddhenā</span>ti pattādīsu yena kenaci sarīrasambaddhena upakaraṇena. Dānepi eseva nayo. Kaṭacchuādīsu yena kenaci upakaraṇena dinnaṃ kāyappaṭibaddhena dinnaṃyeva hoti. <span class="bld">Aññatarenā</span>ti kāyena vā kāyappaṭibaddhena vā nissaggiyena vāti attho. Tattha <span class="bld">nissaggiyenā</span>ti (pāci. aṭṭha. 265) kāyato ca kāyappaṭibaddhato <a name="V0.0360"></a> ca mocetvā hatthapāse ṭhitassa kāye vā kāyappaṭibaddhe vā pātiyamānañhi nissaggiyena payogena dinnaṃ nāma hoti. <span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti paṭiggahitakassa. <span class="bld">Vuttavipallāsavasenā</span>ti vuttassa paṭipakkhavasena. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – yaṃ kāyakāyappaṭibaddhanissaggiyānaṃ aññatarena diyyamāne kāyena vā kāyappaṭibaddhena vā gaṇhāti, etaṃ paṭiggahitaṃ nāmāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saṃhārimenā</span>ti thāmamajjhimena purisena saṃhārimena, iminā asaṃhārime phalake vā pāsāṇe vā paṭiggahaṇaṃ na ruhatīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Dhāretuṃ samatthenā</span>ti sandhāretuṃ yoggena, iminā sukhumesu tintiṇikādipaṇṇesu paṭiggahaṇaṃ na ruhatīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Atatthajātakarukkhapaṇṇenā</span>ti jātaṭṭhānato cutena paduminipaṇṇādinā, iminā pana mahantepi tatthajātake paduminipaṇṇe vā kiṃsukapaṇṇādimhi vā paṭiggahetuṃ na vaṭṭati. Na hi taṃ kāyappaṭibaddhasaṅkhaṃ gacchatīti dasseti. Yathā ca <a name="M0.0394"></a> tatthajātake, evaṃ khāṇuke bandhitvā ṭhapitamañcādimhipi. Nanu paṭibaddhappaṭibaddhenāpi pattādhārādinā paṭiggaṇhantassa paṭiggahaṇaṃ ruhati, atha kasmā kāyakāyappaṭibaddhehiyeva paṭiggahaṇaṃ idha vuttaṃ, na paṭibaddhappaṭibaddhenāpīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘paṭibaddhappaṭibaddhaṃ nāma idha natthī’’</span>ti. Keci pana ‘‘ādhārakena paṭiggahaṇaṃ kāyappaṭibaddhappaṭibaddhena paṭiggahaṇaṃ nāma hoti, tasmā na vaṭṭatī’’ti vadanti, taṃ vacanamattameva. Atthato pana sabbampi taṃ kāyappaṭibaddhameva hotīti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Akallako</span>ti gilāno. <span class="bld">Mukhena paṭiggaṇhātī</span>ti sahatthena gahetvā paribhuñjituṃ asakkonto mukhena paṭiggaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Abhihaṭabhājanato patitarajampi vaṭṭati</span> abhihaṭattāti adhippāho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tasmiṃ ṭhatvā</span>ti tādise hatthapāse ṭhatvā. <span class="bld">Ya</span>nti yaṃ bhāraṃ. <span class="bld">Majjhimo puriso</span>ti thāmamajjhimapuriso. Vinaye paññattaṃ dukkaṭaṃ <span class="bld">vinayadukkaṭaṃ. Taṃ anupasampannassa datvā</span>ti piṇḍāya caritvā vihāraṃ vā āsanasālaṃ vā gantvā taṃ bhikkhaṃ anupasampannassa datvā, idañca pubbābhogassa anurūpavasena vuttaṃ. Yasmā pana taṃ ‘‘anupasampannassa dassāmī’’ti cittuppādamattena taṃsantakaṃ nāma na hoti, tasmā vināpi tassa dānādiṃ paṭiggahetvā paribhuñjituṃ vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Assukheḷasiṅghāṇikādīsū</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">assu</span> nāma akkhijalaṃ. <span class="bld">Kheḷo</span> nāma lālā. <span class="bld">Siṅghāṇikā</span>ti antosīsato pūtisemhabhāvaṃ āpannaṃ matthaluṅgaṃ galitvā tālumatthakavivarena otaritvā <a name="V0.0361"></a> nāsāpuṭe pūretvā ṭhitaṃ vuccati, <span class="bld">ādi</span>saddena muttakarīsasemhadantamalaakkhigūthakaṇṇagūthakānaṃ, sarīre uṭṭhitaloṇassa ca gahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Ṭhānato</span>ti akkhikūpādito. Antarā ce gaṇhāti, kiṃ hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘uggahitakaṃ nāma hotī’’</span>ti, duṭṭhu gahitakaṃ nāma hotīti attho. <span class="bld">Phalini</span>nti phalavantaṃ. <span class="bld">Tatthajātakaphalinisākhāya vā</span>ti tasmiṃ rukkhe jātāya <span class="bld">phalinisākhāya vā. Durupaciṇṇadukkaṭa</span>nti ‘‘na kattabba’’nti vāritassa katattā duṭṭhu āciṇṇaṃ caritanti <span class="bld">durupaciṇṇaṃ,</span> tasmiṃ dukkaṭaṃ durupaciṇṇadukkaṭañca āpajjatīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Āharīyatīti <span class="bld">āhāro,</span> ajjhoharitabbaṃ yaṃ kiñci, idha pana cattāri kālikāni adhippetānīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ kiñcī’’</span>tiādi. Tattha aruṇuggamanato <a name="M0.0395"></a> yāva ṭhitamajjhanhikā bhuñjitabbato yāva kālo assāti <span class="bld">yāvakālikaṃ</span>. Aruṇuggamanato yāva yāmāvasānā pipāsāya sati pipāsacchedanatthaṃ pātabbato yāmo kālo assāti <span class="bld">yāmakālikaṃ</span>. Yāva sattāhaṃ nidahitvā paribhuñjitabbato sattāhaṃ kālo assāti <span class="bld">sattāhakālikaṃ</span>. Yāvajīvampi pariharitvā paribhuñjitabbato yāva jīvaṃ etassāti <span class="bld">yāvajīvikaṃ</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tatthā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vanamūlapattapupphaphalādī</span>ti ettha tāva <span class="bld">mūlaṃ</span> nāma mūlakakhārakacaccutambakādīnaṃ tesu tesu janapadesu pakatiāhāravasena manussānaṃ khādanīyatthañceva bhojanīyatthañca pharaṇakaṃ sūpeyyapaṇṇamūlaṃ. <span class="bld">Pattaṃ</span> nāma mūlakakhārakacaccutambakādīnaṃ tādisaṃyeva pattaṃ. <span class="bld">Pupphaṃ</span> nāma mūlakakhārakādīnaṃ tādisaṃyeva pupphaṃ. <span class="bld">Phalaṃ</span> nāma panasalabujādīnaṃ tesu tesu janapadesu pakatiāhāravasena manussānaṃ khādanīyatthañceva bhojanīyatthañca pharaṇakaṃ phalaṃ. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena kandamūlādīnaṃ gahaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ambapāna</span>nti (mahāva. aṭṭha. 300) āmehi vā pakkehi vā ambehi katapānaṃ. Tattha āmehi karontena ambataruṇādīni bhinditvā udake pakkhipitvā ātape ādiccapākena pacitvā parissāvetvā tadahupaṭiggahitehi madhusakkarakappūrādīhi yojetvā kātabbaṃ. Evaṃ kataṃ purebhattameva kappati. Anupasampannena kataṃ labhitvā pana purebhattaṃ paṭiggahitaṃ purebhattaṃ sāmisaparibhogenāpi vaṭṭati, pacchābhattaṃ nirāmisaparibhogena yāva aruṇuggamanā vaṭṭati. Esa nayo sabbapānesu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tesu pana <span class="bld">jambupāna</span>nti jambuphalehi katapānaṃ. <span class="bld">Cocapāna</span>nti aṭṭhikehi kadaliphalehi katapānaṃ. <span class="bld">Mocapāna</span>nti anaṭṭhikehi kadaliphalehi katapānaṃ. <span class="bld">Madhukapāna</span>nti madhukānaṃ jātirasena katapānaṃ. Taṃ pana udakasambhinnaṃ vaṭṭati, suddhaṃ na vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Muddikāpāna</span>nti muddikā udake madditvā ambapānaṃ viya katapānaṃ<a name="V0.0362"></a>. <span class="bld">Sālūkapāna</span>nti rattuppalanīluppalādīnaṃ sālūke madditvā katapānaṃ. <span class="bld">Phārusakapāna</span>nti phārusakehi ambapānaṃ viya katapānaṃ. Imināva nayena vettapānādīni veditabbāni. Etāni ca pana sabbāni pānāni aggipākāni na vaṭṭanti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sītodakenā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Avasesesupi</span> <a name="M0.0396"></a> <span class="bld">anuññātaphalapattapuppharasesū</span>ti dhaññaphalapakkasākamadhukapuppharasato avasesesu ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sabbaṃ phalarasaṃ ṭhapetvā dhaññaphalarasa’’ntiādinā (mahāva. 300) anuññātakesu phalapattapuppharasesupi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Khādanīyattha</span>nti khādanīyena kattabbakiccaṃ. <span class="bld">Neva pharatī</span>ti na nipphādeti. <span class="bld">Anāhārepi udake āhārasaññāyā</span>ti ‘‘āhāraṃ āhareyyā’’ti padassa padabhājane (pāci. 265) vuttamatthaṃ sammā asallakkhetvā ‘‘āharīyatīti āhāro’’ti anāhārepi udake āhārasaññāya <span class="bld">kukkuccāyantānaṃ</span>. <span class="bld">Dantapone ca ‘‘mukhadvāraṃ āhaṭaṃ ida’’nti saññāyā</span>ti mukhadvāraṃ anāhaṭampi dantaponaṃ ‘‘mukhadvāraṃ āhaṭaṃ idaṃ dantapona’’nti vipallatthasaññāya <span class="bld">kukkuccāyantānaṃ. Yathāsukhaṃ pātu</span>nti paṭiggahetvā vā appaṭiggahetvā vā yathākāmaṃ pātuṃ. <span class="bld">Dantaponaparibhogenā</span>ti dantakaṭṭhaparibhogena, dantadhovanādināti attho, iminā tassa pana rasaṃ gilituṃ na vaṭṭatīti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cattāri mahāvikaṭānī</span>ti gūthaṃ, muttaṃ, chārikā, mattikā (mahāva. 268) ca ‘‘āsayādivasena virūpāni jātānī’’ti katvā <span class="bld">vikaṭānī</span>ti vā apakatibhojanattā <span class="bld">vikaṭāni</span> ‘‘virūpāni jātānī’’ti vā attho. <span class="bld">Sati paccaye</span>ti kāraṇe sati, sappadaṭṭheti attho. <span class="bld">Dhūmādiabbohārikābhāvo</span>ti dhūmapupphagandhadantakhayādiabbohārikābhāvo.</p>
<p class="centered">Dantaponasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Bhojanavaggo catuttho.</p>
<p class="title">5. Acelakavaggo</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Acelakasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Acelakassā</span>ti <a name="V0.0363"></a> yassa kassaci pabbajjāsamāpannassa naggassa. <span class="bld">Paribbājakassā</span>ti ṭhapetvā bhikkhuñca sāmaṇerañca avasesassa yassa kassaci pabbajjāsamāpannassa. <span class="bld">Paribbājikāyā</span>ti ṭhapetvā bhikkhuniṃ, sikkhamānaṃ, sāmaṇeriñca avasesāya yāya kāyaci pabbajjāsamāpannāya. Ete ca sabbe aññatitthiyā veditabbā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘etesaṃ acelakādīnaṃ aññatitthiyāna’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tesa</span>nti <a name="M0.0397"></a> aññatitthiyānaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhājanaṃ nikkhipitvā</span>ti āmisabharitaṃ bhājanaṃ nikkhipitvā. <span class="bld">Bāhirālepa</span>nti telādiṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Acelakādayo yasmā, titthiyāva matā idha;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tasmā titthiyanāmena, tikacchedo kato tayo.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Atitthiyassa naggassa, tathā titthiyaliṅgino;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Gahaṭṭhassāpi bhikkhussa, kappatīti vinicchayo.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Atitthiyassa cittena, titthiyassa ca liṅgino;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sotāpannādino dātuṃ, kappatītīdha no mati.</p>
<p class="centered">Acelakasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">2. Uyyojanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā</span>ti ettha nagarampi gāmaggahaṇeneva gahitanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Pavisissāmā</span>ti ettha gahetvā ‘‘gantvā’’ti pāṭhaseso, asamannāhāro vā tassā itthiyā tasmiṃ gāme sannihitabhāvaṃ ajānanto vā ‘‘ehāvuso, gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā piṇḍāya pavisissāmā’’ti bhikkhuṃ <a name="V0.0364"></a> gahetvā gantvāti attho. <span class="bld">Yaṃ kiñci āmisa</span>nti yāguādikaṃ yaṃ kiñci āmisaṃ. <span class="bld">Uyyojeyyā</span>ti attano kīḷānurūpaṃ itthiṃ disvā uyyojeyya pahiṇeyya. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘mātugāmena saddhi’’</span>ntiādi. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena vuttāvasesaṃ kāyavacīdvāravītikkamaṃ saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">‘‘Gacchā’’tiādīni vatvā</span>ti ‘‘gacchāvuso, na me tayā saddhiṃ kathā vā nisajjā vā phāsu hoti, ekakassa me kathā vā nisajjā vā phāsu hotī’’ti (pāci. 275) vatvā. <span class="bld">Etaṃ anācāramevā</span>ti etaṃ yathāvuttaṃ hasanādianācārameva. <span class="bld">Na aññaṃ patirūpaṃ kāraṇa</span>nti ṭhapetvā vuttappakāraṃ anācāraṃ ubhinnaṃ ekato na yāpanādiṃ aññaṃ patirūpakāraṇaṃ paccayaṃ karitvā na hotīti attho. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti uyyojakassa. <span class="bld">So</span>ti yo uyyojito, so.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anupasampanne</span>ti sāmaṇere. Sova idha anupasampannoti adhippetoti vadanti. <span class="bld">Ubhinnampī</span>ti upasampannassa vā anupasampannassa vāti dvinnampi. <span class="bld">Kalisāsanāropane</span>ti (pāci. aṭṭha. 277) <span class="bld">kalī</span>ti kodho, tassa sāsanaṃ āṇaṃ <span class="bld">kalisāsanaṃ</span><a name="M0.0398"></a>, tassāropaneti attho, ‘‘appeva nāma imināpi ubbāḷho pakkameyyā’’ti kodhavasena ṭhānanisajjādīsu dosaṃ dassetvā ‘‘passatha bho imassa ṭhānaṃ nisajjaṃ ālokitaṃ vilokitaṃ, khāṇu viya tiṭṭhati, sunakho viya nisīdati, makkaṭo viya ito cito ca viloketī’’ti evaṃ amanāpavacanassa bhaṇaneti vuttaṃ hoti. Suddhacittena panevaṃ bhaṇane doso natthi. <span class="bld">Evamādīhī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">ādi</span>saddena ‘‘mahagghaṃ bhaṇḍaṃ passitvā lobhadhammaṃ uppādessatī’’ti uyyojeti, ‘‘mātugāmaṃ passitvā anabhiratiṃ uppādessatī’’ti uyyojeti, ‘‘gilānassa vā ohiyyakassa vā vihārapālassa vā yāguṃ vā bhattaṃ vā khādanīyaṃ vā nīharā’’ti uyyojeti, ‘‘na anācāraṃ ācaritukāmo sati karaṇīye uyyojetī’’ti (pāci. 278) etesaṃ gahaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Uyyojanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">3. Sabhojanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Sabhojane’’</span>ti bāhiratthasamāsoyaṃ, ubhasadde ukārassa ca lopoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘saha ubhohi janehī’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">ubhohi janehī</span>ti jāyā ca pati cāti ubhohi janehi. Bhuñjitabbanti vā <span class="bld">bhojanaṃ,</span> itthī ca puriso ca, tena saha vattatīti <span class="bld">sabhojana</span>nti āha <span class="bld">‘‘atha vā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Rāgapariyuṭṭhitassā</span>ti methunādhippāyassa. <span class="bld">Sayanighara</span>nti sayanīyagharaṃ, vāsagehanti attho. <span class="bld">Mahallakassā</span>ti mahallakassa sayanigharassa. <span class="bld">Piṭṭhasaṅghāṭato</span>ti dvārabāhato <span class="bld">khuddakassa</span> <a name="V0.0365"></a> <span class="bld">vā</span>ti yathā tathā vā katassa khuddakassa sayanigharassa. <span class="bld">Vemajjhaṃ atikkamitvā nisīdeyyā</span>ti piṭṭhivaṃsaṃ atikkamitvā nisīdeyya. Khuddakaṃ (sārattha. ṭī. pācittiya 3.280) nāma sayanigharaṃ vitthārato pañcahatthappamāṇaṃ hoti, tassa ca majjhimaṭṭhānaṃ piṭṭhasaṅghāṭato aḍḍhateyyahatthappamāṇameva hoti, tasmā tādise sayanighare piṭṭhasaṅghāṭato hatthapāsaṃ vijahitvā nisinno piṭṭhivaṃsaṃ atikkamitvā nisinno nāma hoti. Evaṃ nisinno ca vemajjhaṃ atikkamitvā nisinno nāma hoti. Tena vuttaṃ pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘piṭṭhivaṃsaṃ atikkamitvā nisīdatī’’ti (pāci. 281). <span class="bld">Sacittaka</span>ñcettha anupavisitvā nisīdanacittena daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Sabhojanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">4-5. Rahopaṭicchannarahonisajjasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Catutthapañcamasikkhāpade <a name="M0.0399"></a> yaṃ vattabbaṃ siyā, taṃ sabbaṃ aniyatadvaye vuttamevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘seso kathānayo aniyatadvaye vuttanayeneva veditabbo’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="centered">Rahopaṭicchannarahonisajjasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">6. Cārittasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Antoupacārasīmāya dassanūpacāre bhikkhuṃ disvā</span>ti yattha ṭhitassa kulāni payirupāsanacittaṃ uppannaṃ, tato paṭṭhāya gacchanto antoupacārasīmāya dassanūpacāre bhikkhuṃ passe vā abhimukhe vā disvā. <span class="bld">Pakativacanenā</span>ti yaṃ dvādasahatthabbhantare ṭhitena sotuṃ sakkā, tādisena vacanena, ito cito ca pariyesitvā ārocanakiccaṃ pana natthi. Yo hi evaṃ pariyesitabbo, so asantoyeva. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tādisa’’</span>ntiādi. <span class="bld">Anāpucchitvā</span>ti anārocetvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Antarārāmabhikkhunupassayatitthiyaseyyapaṭikkamanabhattiyagharānī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">antarārāma</span>nti antogāme vihāro. <span class="bld">Paṭikkamana</span>nti āsanasālā. <span class="bld">Bhattiyaghara</span>nti nimantitagharaṃ vā salākabhattādidāyakānaṃ vā gharaṃ. <span class="bld">Āpadāsū</span>ti jīvitabrahmacariyantarāyesu. <span class="bld">Kiriyākiriya</span>nti ettha kulesu cārittāpajjanaṃ <span class="bld">kiriyaṃ,</span> anāpucchanaṃ <span class="bld">akiriya</span>nti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Cārittasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">7. Mahānāmasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbañcetaṃ</span> <a name="V0.0366"></a> <span class="bld">vatthuvasena vutta</span>nti ‘‘agilānena bhikkhunā catumāsapaccayapavāraṇā sāditabbā aññatra punapavāraṇāya aññatra niccapavāraṇāyā’’ti (pāci. 306) etaṃ sabbaṃ sikkhāpadanidānasaṅkhātassa vatthuno vasena vuttaṃ. Tattha hi mahānāmena sakkena ‘‘icchāmahaṃ, bhante, saṅghaṃ catumāsaṃ bhesajjena pavāretu’’ntiādinā (pāci. 303) ussannussannena ca bhesajjena catumāsaṃ <a name="M0.0400"></a> puna niccaṃ pavāraṇā katā, tasmā bhagavatā tassa vasena evaṃ vuttanti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Aññatra punapavāraṇāyā</span>ti yadi punapavāraṇā atthi, taṃ ṭhapetvā. <span class="bld">Aññatra niccapavāraṇāyā</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo. Yadi pana tāpi atthi, sāditabbāvāti adhippāyo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ayaṃ panettha attho’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti tissaṃ pavāraṇāyaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhesajjehi vā paricchedo kato hotī</span>ti ‘‘sappi tela’’nti evamādinā nāmavasena vā ‘‘patthena nāḷiyā āḷhakenā’’tiādinā parimāṇavasena vā ‘‘ettakāni vā bhesajjāni viññāpetabbānī’’ti bhesajjehi paricchedo kato hoti. <span class="bld">Nabhesajjakaraṇīye</span>ti missakabhattenāpi ce yāpetuṃ sakkoti, nabhesajjakaraṇīyaṃ nāma hoti. <span class="bld">Aññaṃ bhesajja</span>nti sappinā pavārito telaṃ, āḷhakena pavārito doṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yathābhūtaṃ ācikkhitvā</span>ti ‘‘imehi tayā bhesajjehi pavāritamhā, amhākañca iminā ca iminā ca bhesajjena attho, yāsu tayā rattīsu pavāritamhā, tā rattiyo vītivattā, amhākañca bhesajjena attho’’ti yathābhūtaṃ ārocetvā. Evañca viññāpetuṃ gilānova labhati, na itaro.</p>
<p class="centered">Mahānāmasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">8. Uyyuttasenāsikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Caturaṅgini</span>nti hatthiassarathapattīti cattāri aṅgāni etissāti <span class="bld">caturaṅginī,</span> taṃ caturaṅginiṃ. ‘‘Dvādasapuriso hatthī, tipuriso asso, catupuriso ratho, cattāro purisā sarahatthā pattī’’ti (pāci. 314) ayaṃ pacchimakoṭiyā caturaṅgasamannāgatā <span class="bld">senā</span> nāma, īdisaṃ senanti attho. <span class="bld">Taṃ pana vijahitvā</span>ti kenaci antaritā vā ninnaṃ oruḷhā vā na dissati, idha ṭhatvāna sakkā daṭṭhunti taṃ dassanūpacāraṃ vijahitvā aññaṃ ṭhānaṃ gantvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Senādassanavatthusmi</span>nti <a name="V0.0367"></a> senaṃ dassanāya gamanavatthusmiṃ. Ayameva vā pāṭho. <span class="bld">Hatthiādīsu ekameka</span>nti hatthiādīsu catūsu aṅgesu ekamekaṃ, antamaso <a name="M0.0401"></a> ekapurisāruḷhahatthimpi ekampi sarahatthaṃ purisanti attho. <span class="bld">Anuyyuttā</span> nāma rājā uyyānaṃ vā nadiṃ vā gacchati, evaṃ anuyyuttā hoti. <span class="bld">Tathārūpappaccaye</span>ti ‘‘mātulo senāya gilāno hotī’’tiādike (pāci. 312) anurūpakāraṇe sati. <span class="bld">Āpadāsū</span>ti jīvitabrahmacariyantarāyesu ‘‘ettha gato muccissāmī’’ti gacchato anāpatti.</p>
<p class="centered">Uyyuttasenāsikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">9. Senāvāsasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭisenāruddhāyā</span>ti yathā sañcāro chijjati, evaṃ paṭisenāya ruddhāya senāya. <span class="bld">Kenaci palibuddhassā</span>ti verikena vā issarena vā kenaci ruddhassa.</p>
<p class="centered">Senāvāsasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">10. Uyyodhikasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sampahāraṭṭhānassā</span>ti yuddhabhūmiyā. <span class="bld">Balassa aggaṃ jānantī</span>ti ‘‘ettakā hatthī, ettakā assā, ettakā rathā, ettakā pattī’’ti (pāci. 324) balassa koṭṭhāsaṃ jānanti. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, vihāraggenā’’tiādīsu (cūḷava. 318) viya koṭṭhāsattho hettha <span class="bld">agga</span>saddo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘balagaṇanaṭṭhānanti attho’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Senāya viyūha</span>nti ‘‘ito hatthī hontu, ito assā hontu, ito rathā hontu, ito pattī hontū’’ti (pāci. 324) senāya ṭhapanaṃ, rāsiṃ katvā ṭhapananti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘senāsannivesassetaṃ nāma’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Dvādasapuriso hatthī</span>ti cattāro ārohakā, ekekapādarakkhakā dve dveti evaṃ dvādasapuriso hatthī. <span class="bld">Tipuriso asso</span>ti eko ārohako, dve pādarakkhakāti evaṃ tipuriso asso. <span class="bld">Catupuriso ratho</span>ti eko sārathi, eko yodho, dve āṇirakkhakāti evaṃ catupuriso rathoti.</p>
<p class="centered">Uyyodhikasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Acelakavaggo pañcamo.</p>
<p class="title">6. Surāpānavaggo</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Surāpānasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Piṭṭhādīhi</span> <a name="M0.0402"></a><a name="V0.0368"></a> <span class="bld">kataṃ majjaṃ surā</span>ti piṭṭhapūvaodanakiṇṇasambhārehi kataṃ majjaṃ surāti attho. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – piṭṭhasurā, pūvasurā, odanasurā, kiṇṇapakkhittā, sambhārasaṃyuttāti (pāci. 328) imāni pañca surā nāmāti. Tattha piṭṭhaṃ bhājane pakkhipitvā tajjaṃ udakaṃ datvā madditvā katā <span class="bld">piṭṭhasurā</span> (sārattha. ṭī. pācittiya 3.326-328). Evaṃ sesāsupi. <span class="bld">Kiṇṇā</span>ti pana tassā surāya bījaṃ vuccati. Ye ‘‘surāmodakā’’tipi vuccanti, te pakkhipitvā katā <span class="bld">kiṇṇapakkhittā</span>. Harītakisāsapādinānāsambhārehi saṃyojitā <span class="bld">sambhārasaṃyuttā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pupphādīhi kato āsavo meraya</span>nti pupphaphalamadhuguḷasambhārehi kato ciraparivāsito merayanti attho. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – pupphāsavo, phalāsavo, madhvāsavo, guḷāsavo, sambhārasaṃyuttoti pañcamerayaṃ nāmāti. Tattha madhukatālanāḷikerādi puppharaso ciraparivāsito <span class="bld">pupphāsavo</span>. Panasādiphalaraso <span class="bld">phalāsavo</span>. Muddikāraso <span class="bld">madhvāsavo. Samantapāsādikāyaṃ pana</span> ‘‘phalāsavo nāma muddikāphalādīni madditvā tesaṃ rasena kato. Madhvāsavo nāma muddikānaṃ jātirasena kato, makkhikāmadhunāpi karīyatīti vadantī’’ti (pāci. aṭṭha. 328) vuttaṃ. Ucchuraso <span class="bld">guḷāsavo</span>. Harītakāmalakakaṭukabhaṇḍādinānāsambhārānaṃ raso ciraparivāsito <span class="bld">sambhārasaṃyutto</span>. Ettha ca surāya, merayassa ca samānepi sambhārasaṃyoge madditvā katā <span class="bld">surā,</span> ciraparivāsitamattena <span class="bld">meraya</span>nti evamimesaṃ nānākaraṇaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Bījato paṭṭhāyā</span>ti sambhāre paṭiyādetvā cāṭiyaṃ pakkhittakālato ceva tālanāḷikerādīnaṃ puppharasassa abhinavakālato ca paṭṭhāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Loṇasovīrakaṃ vā suttaṃ vā</span>ti ime dve anekehi bhesajjehi abhisaṅkhatā āsavavisesā. <span class="bld">Vāsaggāhāpanattha</span>nti sugandhabhāvagāhāpanatthaṃ. Vatthuṃ ajānanatāya cettha <span class="bld">acittaka</span>tā veditabbā. Akusaleneva pātabbatāya <span class="bld">lokavajjaṃ</span>. Yaṃ panettha vattabbaṃ siyā, taṃ sabbaṃ paṭhamapārājikavaṇṇanāya vuttanayameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Surāpānasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">2. Aṅgulipatodakasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Hasādhippāyassā</span>ti <a name="M0.0403"></a><a name="V0.0369"></a> khiḍḍādhippāyassa, iminā kāyasaṃsaggādhippāyaṃ paṭikkhipati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca bhikkhunimpi hasādhippāyena phusato bhikkhussa dukkaṭaṃ. Tathā bhikkhumpi phusantiyā bhikkhuniyāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘idha pana bhikkhunī</span>pi <span class="bld">bhikkhussa, bhikkhu ca bhikkhuniyā anupasampanno evā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Kāyappaṭibaddhādīsu sabbatthā</span>ti ‘‘kāyena kāyappaṭibaddhe, kāyappaṭibaddhena kāye, kāyappaṭibaddhena kāyappaṭibaddhe, nissaggiyena kāye, nissaggiyena kāyappaṭibaddhe, nissaggiyena nissaggiye’’ti (pāci. 332) sabbattha. <span class="bld">Sati karaṇīye āmasato</span>ti sati karaṇīye purisaṃ āmasato anāpatti. Itthī pana sati karaṇīyepi āmasituṃ na vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="centered">Aṅgulipatodakasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">3. Hasadhammasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uparigopphake</span>ti gopphakānaṃ uparibhāgappamāṇe. <span class="bld">Hasādhippāyo</span>ti kīḷādhippāyo. <span class="bld">Yena yena aṅgenā</span>ti hatthapādādīsu yena yena aṅgena. <span class="bld">Tathā nāvāya kīḷato</span>ti phiyārittādīhi nāvaṃ pājentassa vā tīre ussārentassa vā dukkaṭanti attho.</p>
<p class="centered">Hasadhammasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">4. Anādariyasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Duvidhañhettha anādariyaṃ puggalānādariyañca dhammānādariyañcāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘puggalassa vā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha yo bhikkhu upasampannena paññattena vuccamāno ‘‘ayaṃ ukkhittako vā vambhito vā garahito vā, imassa vacanaṃ akataṃ bhavissatī’’ti (pāci. 342) anādariyaṃ karoti, ayaṃ puggale anādariyaṃ karoti nāma. Yo pana paññattena vuccamāno ‘‘kathāyaṃ nasseyya vā vinasseyya <a name="M0.0404"></a> vā antaradhāyeyya vā’’ti, taṃ vā nasikkhitukāmo anādariyaṃ karoti, ayaṃ dhamme anādariyaṃ karoti nāma. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tasmā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Idaṃ</span> <a name="V0.0370"></a> <span class="bld">na sallekhāya saṃvattatī</span>ti sammā kilese likhatīti <span class="bld">sallekho,</span> appicchatā, tadatthaṃ nayidaṃ saṃvattati. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena ‘‘idaṃ na dhutatthāya saṃvattati, na pāsādikatāya, na apacayāya, na vīriyārambhāya saṃvattatī’’ti (pāci. 343) idaṃ saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Apaññattenā</span>ti sutte vā abhidhamme vā āgatena. <span class="bld">Paveṇiāgata</span>nti saṅgītikālato paṭṭhāya mahākassapādiācariyaparamparāya āgataṃ. Sace pana yasmā ucchuraso sattāhakāliko, tassa kasaṭo yāvajīviko, dvinnaṃyeva samavāyo ucchuyaṭṭhi, tasmā vikāle ucchuyaṭṭhiṃ khādituṃ vaṭṭati guḷaharītakaṃ viyāti evamādikaṃ gārayhācariyuggahaṃ gahetvā ‘‘evaṃ amhākaṃ ācariyānaṃ uggaho paripucchā’’ti bhaṇati, āpattiyeva.</p>
<p class="centered">Anādariyasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">5. Bhiṃsāpanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rūpādīnī</span>ti bhayānakāni rūpasaddagandharasaphoṭṭhabbāni. <span class="bld">Bhayānakakatha</span>nti corakantāravāḷakantārapisācakantārappaṭisaṃyuttakathaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Bhiṃsāpanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">6. Jotisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Agilāno</span>ti yassa vinā agginā phāsu hoti, so idha agilāno nāma. <span class="bld">Joti</span>nti aggiṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhaggesū</span>ti evaṃnāmake janapade. <span class="bld">Bhaggā</span>nāma jānapadino rājakumārā, tesaṃ nivāso ekopi janapado ruḷhisaddena <span class="bld">‘‘bhaggā’’</span>ti vuccati. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘bhaggesūti evaṃnāmake janapade’’ti. <span class="bld">Tathā patilātaṃ ukkhipantassā</span>ti ḍayhamānaṃ alātaṃ patitaṃ ukkhipantassa tathā dukkaṭanti attho. <span class="bld">Tañcā</span>ti <a name="M0.0405"></a> dukkaṭaṃ parāmasati. <span class="bld">Avijjhāta</span>nti anibbutālātaṃ. <span class="bld">Padīpajotikajantāghare</span>ti padīpujjalanapattapacanasedakammādīsu jotikaraṇe aggisālāyañca samādahantassa anāpattīti attho. <span class="bld">Tathārūpappaccaye</span>ti ṭhapetvā padīpādīni aññasmimpi tathārūpapaccaye. <span class="bld">Āpadāsū</span>ti duṭṭhavāḷamigaamanussehi upaddavesu.</p>
<p class="centered">Jotisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">7. Nahānasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Diyaḍḍho</span> <a name="V0.0371"></a> <span class="bld">māso seso gimhāna’’nti ‘‘vassānassa paṭhamo māso’’iccete aḍḍhateyyamāsā uṇhasamayo, pariḷāhasamayo</span>ti gimhānaṃ seso diyaḍḍho māso uṇhasamayo, vassānassa paṭhamo māso pariḷāhasamayoti evaṃ ete aḍḍhateyyamāsā kamena uṇhasamayo, pariḷāhasamayo nāma hotīti attho teneva <span class="bld">padabhājaniyaṃ</span> ‘‘uṇhasamayo nāma diyaḍḍho māso seso gimhāna’’nti, ‘‘pariḷāhasamayo nāma vassānassa paṭhamo māso’’ti vuttaṃ. Yadā vinā nahānena na phāsu hoti, ayaṃ <span class="bld">gilānasamayo</span>. <span class="bld">Padabhājaniyaṃ</span> (pāci. 364) pana gilāne nicchite gilānakālo nicchitova hotīti ‘‘yassa vinā nahānena na phāsu hoti, ‘gilānasamayo’ti nahāyitabba’’nti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Pariveṇasammajjanamattampī</span>ti antamaso pariveṇasammajjanamattampi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vālukaṃ ukkiritvā</span>ti sukkhāya nadiyā vālikaṃ uttiritvā. <span class="bld">Āvāṭesupī</span>ti <span class="bld">pi</span>-saddena nadiyaṃ vattabbameva natthīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Āpadāsū</span>ti bhamarādīhi anubandhesu.</p>
<p class="centered">Nahānasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">8. Dubbaṇṇakaraṇasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Lābha</span>saddoyaṃ kammasādhano ‘‘ko bhavatā lābho laddho’’tiādīsu viya, so cettha atītakālikoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘alabbhīti labho’’</span>ti<a name="M0.0406"></a>, laddhanti attho. <span class="bld">‘‘Labho eva lābho’’</span>ti iminā sakatthe ṇapaccayoti dasseti. <span class="bld">Kiṃ alabbhī</span>ti kiṃ laddhaṃ. <span class="bld">Nava</span>nti abhinavaṃ. Ettāvatā ca navañca taṃ cīvarañcāti <span class="bld">navacīvaraṃ,</span> navacīvaraṃ lābho etenāti <span class="bld">navacīvaralābho</span>ti evamettha samāso daṭṭhabboti. Yadi evaṃ kathaṃ ‘‘navaṃ cīvaralābhenā’’ti vuttanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘iti navacīvaralābhenā’’</span>tiādi. Ettha ca ‘‘vikappanupagaṃ pacchima’’nti na vuttattā <span class="bld">cīvara</span>nti yaṃ nivāsetuṃ vā pārupituṃ vā sakkā hoti, tadeva veditabbanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘nivāsanapārupanupagaṃ cīvara’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">‘‘Dubbaṇṇakaraṇaṃ ādātabba’’</span>nti etaṃ kappabinduṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ, na nīlādīhi sakalacīvaraṃ dubbaṇṇakaraṇaṃ, tañca pana kappaṃ ādiyantena cīvaraṃ rajitvā catūsu vā koṇesu, tīsu vā dvīsu vā ekasmiṃ vā koṇe morassa akkhimaṇḍalamattaṃ vā maṅgulapiṭṭhimattaṃ vā ādātabbanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tassā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Kaṃsanīlenā</span>ti cammakāranīlena. <span class="bld">Mahāpaccariyaṃ pana</span> ‘‘ayomalaṃ lohamalaṃ, etaṃ kaṃsanīlaṃ nāmā’’ti (pāci. aṭṭha. 368) vuttaṃ<a name="V0.0372"></a>. <span class="bld">Pattanīlenā</span>ti yena kenaci nīlavaṇṇena paṇṇarasena. <span class="bld">Kappabinduṃ ādiyitvā</span>ti vaṭṭaṃ ekaṃ kappabinduṃ ādiyitvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pāḷikappakaṇṇikakappādayo pana sabbaṭṭhakathāsu paṭisiddhā. Aggaḷādīni kappakatacīvare pana pacchā āropetvā kappakaraṇakiccaṃ natthīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pacchā āropitesū’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Aggaḷaanuvātaparibhaṇḍesū</span>ti uddharitvā alliyāpanakakhaṇḍapiṭṭhianuvātakucchianuvātesu. <span class="bld">Kiriyākiriya</span>nti nivāsanapārupanato, kappassa anādānato kiriyākiriyaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Dubbaṇṇakaraṇasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">9. Vikappanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sammukhena vikappanā <span class="bld">sammukhavikappanā</span>. Parammukhena vikappanā <span class="bld">parammukhavikappanā. Sannihitāsannihitabhāva</span>nti āsannadūrabhāvaṃ. Āsannadūrabhāvo ca adhiṭṭhāne vuttanayeneva veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mitto</span>ti daḷhamitto. <span class="bld">Sandiṭṭho</span>ti diṭṭhamatto nātidaḷhamitto. <span class="bld">Akatapaccuddhāra</span>nti ‘‘mayhaṃ santakaṃ paribhuñja vā vissajjehi vā’’tiādinā akatapaccuddhāraṃ. <span class="bld">Yena vinayakammaṃ kata</span>nti yena saddhiṃ vinayakammaṃ kataṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paribhogena <a name="M0.0407"></a> <span class="bld">kāyakammaṃ,</span> apaccuddhārāpanena <span class="bld">vacīkamma</span>nti āha <span class="bld">‘‘samuṭṭhānādīni paṭhamakathinasadisānevā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Kiriyākiriya</span>nti ettha paribhuñjanaṃ <span class="bld">kiriyaṃ</span>. Apaccuddhārāpanaṃ <span class="bld">akiriyaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="centered">Vikappanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">10. Apanidhānasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Adhiṭṭhānupaga</span>nti adhiṭṭhānayoggaṃ ayopattañceva mattikāpattañca. <span class="bld">Sūkarantakaṃ</span> nāma kuñcikākoso viya anto susiraṃ katvā koṭṭitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aññaṃ</span> <a name="V0.0373"></a> <span class="bld">parikkhāra</span>nti pāḷiyā anāgatapattatthavikādiṃ. <span class="bld">Dhammakathaṃ katvā</span>ti ‘‘samaṇena nāma anihitaparikkhārena bhavituṃ na vaṭṭatī’’ti evaṃ ‘‘dhammakathaṃ kathetvā dassāmī’’ti nikkhipato anāpatti.</p>
<p class="centered">Apanidhānasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Surāpānavaggo chaṭṭho.</p>
<p class="title">7. Sappāṇakavaggo</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Sañciccasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pācittiya</span>nti <a name="V0.0374"></a> antamaso mañcapīṭhaṃ sodhento maṅgulabījakepi pāṇasaññī nikkāruṇikatāya taṃ bhindanto apaneti (pāci. aṭṭha. 382), pācittiyaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘taṃ khuddakampī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Upakkamamahantatāya akusalaṃ mahantaṃ hotī</span>ti bahukkhattuṃ pavattajavanehi laddhāsevanāya sanniṭṭhāpakacetanāya vasena payogassa mahantattā akusalaṃ mahantaṃ hoti, mahāsāvajjaṃ hotīti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="centered">Sañciccasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">2. Sappāṇakasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha <a name="M0.0408"></a> ca paṭaṅgapāṇakānaṃ patanaṃ ñatvāpi suddhacittatāya padīpujjalane viya sappāṇakabhāvaṃ ñatvāpi udakasaññāya paribhuñjitabbato <span class="bld">paṇṇattivajja</span>tā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="centered">Sappāṇakasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">3. Ukkoṭanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tassa tassa bhikkhuno</span>ti yena yena vūpasamitaṃ, tassa tassa bhikkhuno. <span class="bld">‘‘Akataṃ kamma’’ntiādīni vadanto</span>ti ‘‘akataṃ kammaṃ, dukkaṭaṃ kammaṃ, puna kātabbaṃ kammaṃ, anihataṃ dunnihataṃ puna nihanitabba’’nti (pāci. 394) vadanto. <span class="bld">Yathāṭhitabhāvena patiṭṭhātuṃ na dadeyyā</span>ti tesaṃ pavatti ākāradassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ pana dhammena adhikaraṇaṃ nihataṃ, taṃ sunihatamevā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="centered">Ukkoṭanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">4. Duṭṭhullasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Cattāri <a name="V0.0375"></a> pārājikāni atthuddhāravasena padabhājaniyaṃ dassitānīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘duṭṭhullanti saṅghādisesaṃ adhippeta’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Yena kenaci upāyenā</span>ti ‘‘sāmaṃ vā jānāti, aññe vā tassa ārocenti, so vā ārocetī’’ti (pāci. 399) vuttesu yena kenaci upāyena. <span class="bld">Pācittiyaṃ</span> dhuraṃ nikkhittamatteyevāti adhippāyo. Sace pacchāpi āroceti, dhuranikkhepane āpattito na muccati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sacepī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Samaṇasatampi āpajjatiyevā</span>ti samaṇasatampi sutvā yadi chādeti, pācittiyaṃ āpajjatiyevāti attho. <span class="bld">Yenassa ārocita</span>nti yena dutiyena assa tatiyassa ārocitaṃ. <span class="bld">Tassevā</span>ti tassa dutiyasseva. <span class="bld">Ārocetī</span>ti paṭicchādanatthameva ‘‘mā kassaci ārocesī’’ti vadati. <span class="bld">Koṭichinnā hotī</span>ti (sārattha. ṭī. pācittiya 3.399) yasmā paṭicchādanapaccayā āpattiṃ āpajjitvāva dutiyena <a name="M0.0409"></a> tatiyassa ārocitaṃ, tasmā tappaccayā puna tena āpajjitabbāpattiyā abhāvato āpattiyā koṭi chinnā nāma hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ādipade</span>ti duṭṭhullāpattisaññī, vematiko, aduṭṭhullāpattisaññīti imesu tīsu ‘‘duṭṭhullāpattisaññī paṭicchādetī’’ti (pāci. 400) imasmiṃ paṭhamapade. <span class="bld">Itaresu dvīsū</span>ti ‘‘vematiko paṭicchādeti, aduṭṭhullāpattisaññī paṭicchādetī’’ti imesu padesu. <span class="bld">Aduṭṭhullāyā</span>ti avasesapañcāpattikkhandhe. <span class="bld">Anupasampannassa duṭṭhulle vā aduṭṭhulle vā ajjhācāre</span>ti anupasampannassa purimapañcasikkhāpadavītikkamasaṅkhāte duṭṭhulle vā itarasmiṃ aduṭṭhulle vā ajjhācāre. Yaṃ pana <span class="bld">samantapāsādikāyaṃ</span> ‘‘anupasampannassa sukkavisaṭṭhi ca kāyasaṃsaggo cāti ayaṃ duṭṭhullaajjhācāro nāmā’’ti (pāci. aṭṭha. 400) vuttaṃ, taṃ duṭṭhullārocanasikkhāpadaṭṭhakathāya (pāci. aṭṭha. 78 ādayo) na sameti, na cāpi evaṃ vattuṃ yujjati ‘‘ārocane anupasampannassa duṭṭhullaṃ aññathā adhippetaṃ, paṭicchādane aññathā’’ti (sārattha. ṭī. pācittiya 400) visesakāraṇassānupalabbhanato, tasmā taṃ upaparikkhitabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Duṭṭhullasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">5. Ūnavīsativassasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Gabbhavīsopi <a name="V0.0376"></a> hi ‘‘paripuṇṇavīso’’ tveva saṅkhaṃ gacchatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘paṭisandhiggahaṇato paṭṭhāyā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">paṭisandhiggahaṇato paṭṭhāyā</span>ti yaṃ mātukucchismiṃ paṭhamaṃ cittaṃ uppannaṃ paṭhamaṃ viññāṇaṃ pātubhūtaṃ, taṃ ādiṃ katvā. <span class="bld">So</span>ti yo puggalo ūnavīsativasso upasampādito, so puggalo. <span class="bld">Aññaṃ upasampādetī</span>ti upajjhāyo vā kammavācācariyo vā hutvā aññaṃ puggalaṃ upasampādeti. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti ūnavīsativassaṃ puggalaṃ. <span class="bld">Sīmaṃ vā sammannatī</span>ti navaṃ sīmaṃ bandhati.</p>
<p class="centered">Ūnavīsativassasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">6. Theyyasatthasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rājānaṃ vā vañcetvā</span>ti rājānaṃ thenetvā rañño santakaṃ kiñci gahetvā, ‘‘idāni tassa na dassāmā’’ti <span class="bld">maggappaṭipannā akatakammā ceva katakammā</span> <a name="M0.0410"></a> <span class="bld">ca corā</span>ti vuttaṃ hoti. Esa nayo <span class="bld">suṅkaṃ pariharitukāmā</span>ti etthāpi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kālavisaṅketenā</span>ti kālassa visaṅketena, divasavisaṅketenāti vuttaṃ hoti. Maggavisaṅketena, pana aṭavivisaṅketena vā gacchato āpattiyeva.</p>
<p class="centered">Theyyasatthasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">7. Saṃvidhānasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mātugāmenā</span>ti itthiyā. Ekatoupasampannā, pana sikkhamānā, sāmaṇerī cāti imā tissopi idha saṅgahaṃ gacchanti. Imāsaṃ pana tissannaṃ samayo rakkhati. Ayametāsaṃ, mātugāmassa ca visesoti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Saṃvidhānasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">8. Ariṭṭhasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Taṃtaṃsampattiyā <a name="V0.0377"></a> (sārattha. ṭī. pācittiya 3.417) vibandhanavasena sattasantānassa antare vemajjhe eti āgacchatīti <span class="bld">antarāyo,</span> diṭṭhadhammikādianattho, anatikkamanatthena tasmiṃ antarāye niyuttā, antarāyaṃ vā phalaṃ arahanti, antarāyassa vā karaṇasīlāti <span class="bld">antarāyikā</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘saggamokkhānaṃ antarāyaṃ karontīti antarāyikā’’</span>ti (ma. ni. aṭṭha. 1.234). <span class="bld">Te kammakilesavipākaupavādapaññattivītikkamavasena pañcavidhā</span>ti ettha ca pañcānantariyakammaṃ <span class="bld">kammantarāyikaṃ</span> nāma, tathā bhikkhunidūsakakammaṃ. Taṃ pana mokkhasseva antarāyaṃ karoti, na saggassa. Niyatamicchādiṭṭhidhammā <span class="bld">kilesantarāyikā</span> nāma. Paṇḍakatiracchānagataubhatobyañjanakānaṃ paṭisandhidhammā <span class="bld">vipākantarāyikā</span> nāma. Ariyūpavādā <span class="bld">upavādantarāyikā</span> nāma. Te pana yāva ariye na khamāpenti, tāvadeva, na tato paraṃ. Sañcicca āpannā āpattiyo <span class="bld">paññattivītikkamantarāyikā</span> nāma. Tāpi yāva bhikkhubhāvaṃ vā paṭijānāti, na vuṭṭhāti vā na deseti vā, tāvadeva, na tato paraṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatrāyaṃ <a name="M0.0411"></a> (ma. ni. aṭṭha. 1.234; pāci. aṭṭha. 417) ariṭṭho bhikkhu bahussuto dhammakathiko sesantarāyike jānāti, vinaye pana akovidattā paṇṇattivītikkamantarāyike na jānāti, tasmā rahogato evaṃ cintesi ‘‘ime āgārikā pañca kāmaguṇe paribhuñjantā sotāpannāpi sakadāgāminopi anāgāminopi honti, bhikkhūpi manāpikāni cakkhuviññeyyāni rūpāni passanti…pe… kāyaviññeyye phoṭṭhabbe phusanti, mudukāni attharaṇapāvuraṇādīni paribhuñjanti, etaṃ sabbaṃ vaṭṭati. Kasmā? Itthirūpā…pe… itthiphoṭṭhabbā eva na vaṭṭanti, etepi vaṭṭantī’’ti evaṃ rasena rasaṃ saṃsanditvā sacchandarāgaparibhogañca nicchandarāgaparibhogañca ekaṃ katvā thūlavākehi saddhiṃ atisukhumasuttaṃ ghaṭento viya, sāsapena saddhiṃ sineruṃ upasaṃharanto viya ca pāpakaṃ diṭṭhigataṃ uppādetvā ‘‘kiṃ bhagavatā mahāsamuddaṃ bandhantena viya mahatā ussāhena paṭhamapārājikaṃ paññattaṃ, natthi ettha doso’’ti sabbaññutaññāṇena saddhiṃ paṭivirujjhanto bhabbapuggalānaṃ āsaṃ chindanto jinassa āṇācakke pahāramadāsi. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tesū’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">tesū</span>ti yathāvuttesu antarāyesu. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhikaṅkalūpamā kāmā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">aṭṭhikaṅkalaṃ</span> (sārattha. ṭī. pācittiya 3.417) nāma uraṭṭhi vā piṭṭhikaṇṭakaṃ vā sīsaṭṭhi vā. Tañhi nimmaṃsattā ‘‘kaṅkala’’nti vuccati. Vigatamaṃsāya hi aṭṭhisaṅkhalikāya ekaṭṭhimhi vā <span class="bld">kaṅkala</span>saddo niruḷho<a name="V0.0378"></a>, taṃsadisā kāmā appassādaṭṭhenāti attho. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena ‘‘maṃsapesūpamā kāmā, tiṇukkūpamā kāmā, aṅgārakāsūpamā kāmā, supinakūpamā kāmā, yācitakūpamā kāmā, rukkhaphalūpamā kāmā, asisūnūpamā kāmā, sattisūlūpamā kāmā, sappasirūpamā kāmā’’ti (ma. ni. 1.234, 236; 2.43-48; pāci. 417; cūḷava. 65) etesaṃ gahaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">maṃsapesūpamā kāmā</span> (pāci. aṭṭha. 417) bahusādhāraṇaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Tiṇukkūpamā kāmā</span> anudahanaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Aṅgārakāsūpamā kāmā</span> mahābhitāpanaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Supinakūpamā kāmā</span> ittarapaccupaṭṭhānaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Yācitakūpamā kāmā</span> tāvakālikaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Rukkhaphalūpamā kāmā</span> sabbaṅgapaccaṅgapalibhañjanaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Asisūnūpamā</span> adhikuṭṭanaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Sattisūlūpamā</span> vinivijjhanaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Sappasirūpamā</span> sāsaṅkasappaṭibhayaṭṭhena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tathevā</span>ti <a name="M0.0412"></a> ‘‘mā āyasmā’’tiādīhi. <span class="bld">Itaresa</span>nti so saṅghamajjhaṃ ākaḍḍhitvā yehi ‘‘mā āyasmā’’tiādinā vutto, tattha tehi aññesaṃ sutānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ. <span class="bld">Ñatticatutthena kammenā</span>ti ‘‘suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho, itthannāmassa bhikkhuno evarūpaṃ pāpakaṃ diṭṭhigataṃ uppanna’’ntiādinā (pāci. 420) padabhājaniyaṃ vuttena ñatticatutthena kammena.</p>
<p class="centered">Ariṭṭhasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">9. Ukkhittasambhogasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Akatānudhammenā</span>ti ukkhipitvā anosāritena. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘anudhammo vuccatī’’</span>tiādi. Ettha anudhammoti osāraṇā vuccatīti sambandho. Ukkhepanīyakammassānurūpo, pacchā kattabbo vā dhammoti <span class="bld">anudhammo. Anulomavattaṃ disvā</span>ti ‘‘na upasampādetabbaṃ, na nissayo dātabbo’’tiādikaṃ (cūḷava. 70) aṭṭhārasavidhaṃ vattaṃ disvā, etesu aṭṭhārasasu anulomavattesu vattantaṃ disvāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Āmisasambhogaṃ vā dhammasambhogaṃ vā</span>ti ettha yaṃ kiñci āmisassa dānaṃ, paṭiggahaṇañca <span class="bld">āmisasambhogo</span>. Dhammassa uddisanaṃ, uddisāpanañca <span class="bld">dhammasambhogo</span>. <span class="bld">Saṃvaseyyā</span>ti ‘‘uposathaṃ vā pavāraṇaṃ vā saṅghakammaṃ vā’’ti (pāci. 425) evaṃ padabhājaniyaṃ vuttaṃ tividhaṃ saṃvāsaṃ kareyya. Yasmā panettha uposathapavāraṇāpi saṅghehiyeva kātabbattā <span class="bld">saṅghakammāni</span>yeva honti, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘uposathādikaṃ saṅghakammaṃ kareyyā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Payoge payoge</span>ti dāne dāne, gahaṇe gahaṇe cāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paṇṇattiṃ <a name="V0.0379"></a> ajānantena arahatāpi kiriyābyākatacittena āpajjitabbattā <span class="bld">‘‘ticitta’’</span>nti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Ukkhittasambhogasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">10. Kaṇṭakasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pire</span>ti (sārattha. ṭī. pācittiya 3.428) nipātapadaṃ sambodhane vattamānaṃ parasaddena samānatthaṃ vadantīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘para amāmakā’’</span>ti, amhākaṃ anajjhattikabhūtāti attho. <span class="bld">Pire</span>ti <a name="M0.0413"></a> vā ‘‘parato’’ti iminā samānatthaṃ nipātapadaṃ, tasmā <span class="bld">cara pire</span>ti parato gaccha, mā idha tiṭṭhāti evamettha attho daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="centered">Kaṇṭakasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Sappāṇakavaggo sattamo.</p>
<p class="title">8. Sahadhammikavaggo</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Sahadhammikasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sahadhammikaṃ vuccamāno</span>ti sahadhammikena vuccamāno. Karaṇatthe cetaṃ upayogavacanaṃ. ‘‘Pañcahi sahadhammikehi sikkhitabbattā, tesaṃ vā santakattā <span class="bld">‘sahadhammika’</span>nti laddhanāmena buddhapaññattena sikkhāpadena vuccamānoti attho’’ti (kaṅkhā. aṭṭha. dubbacasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā; pārā. aṭṭha. 2.425-426) dubbacasikkhāpade vuttattā <span class="bld">‘‘sahadhammikaṃ vuccamānoti imassattho dubbacasikkhāpade vutto’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Anādariyabhayā</span>ti anādarakaraṇe bhayā, tattha pācittiyabhayāti attho. <span class="bld">Lesena evaṃ vadantassā</span>ti ujukaṃ ‘‘na sikkhissāmī’’ti avatvā ‘‘yāva na aññaṃ bhikkhu’’ntiādinā lesena vadantassa.</p>
<p class="centered">Sahadhammikasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">2. Vilekhanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Khuddakehi</span> <a name="V0.0380"></a> <span class="bld">ca anukhuddakehi cā</span>ti saṅghādisesādīhi khuddakehi ceva thullaccayādīhi anukhuddakehi ca. Ṭhapetvā hi cattāri pārājikāni avasesāni sabbāni sikkhāpadāni pariyāyena khuddakāni ceva honti anukhuddakāni ca. Vuttañhetaṃ <span class="bld">pañcasatikakkhandhake</span> (cūḷava. 441) –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Katamāni pana, bhante, khuddānukhuddakāni sikkhāpadānīti? Ekacce therā evamāhaṃsu – ‘cattāri pārājikāni ṭhapetvā avasesāni khuddānukhuddakāni sikkhāpadānī’ti. Ekacce therā evamāhaṃsu – ‘cattāri pārājikāni ṭhapetvā terasa saṅghādisese ṭhapetvā avasesāni khuddānukhuddakāni sikkhāpadānī’ti. Ekacce <a name="M0.0414"></a> therā evamāhaṃsu – ‘cattāri pārājikāni ṭhapetvā terasa saṅghādisese ṭhapetvā dve aniyate ṭhapetvā avasesāni khuddānukhuddakāni sikkhāpadānī’ti. Ekacce therā evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘cattāri pārājikāni ṭhapetvā terasa saṅghādisese ṭhapetvā dve aniyate ṭhapetvā tiṃsa nissaggiye pācittiye ṭhapetvā avasesāni khuddānukhuddakāni sikkhāpadānī’ti. Ekacce therā evamāhaṃsu – ‘cattāri pārājikāni ṭhapetvā terasa saṅghādisese ṭhapetvā dve aniyate ṭhapetvā tiṃsa nissaggiye pācittiye ṭhapetvā dvenavutipācittiye ṭhapetvā avasesāni khuddānukhuddakāni sikkhāpadānī’ti. Ekacce therā evamāhaṃsu ‘cattāri pārājikāni ṭhapetvā terasa saṅghādisese ṭhapetvā dve aniyate ṭhapetvā tiṃsa nissaggiye pācittiye ṭhapetvā dvenavutipācittiye ṭhapetvā cattāro pāṭidesanīye ṭhapetvā avasesāni khuddānukhuddakāni sikkhāpadānī’’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yaṃ pana nāgasenattherena milindaraññā puṭṭhena vuttaṃ ‘‘dukkaṭaṃ, mahārāja, khuddakaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ, dubbhāsitaṃ anukhuddaka’’nti (mi. pa. 4.2.1), tattha antimakoṭṭhāsameva gahetvā vuttaṃ. Taṃ vādapathopacchedanatthanti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saṃvattanamariyādaparicchedavacana</span>nti saṃvattanassa mariyādā avadhi <span class="bld">saṃvattanamariyādā,</span> tāya niyamavasena yo paricchedo, tassa vacanaṃ <span class="bld">saṃvattanamariyādaparicchedavacanaṃ</span>. Idāni taṃ mariyādaṃ vivaritvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘idaṃ vuttaṃ hotī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">uddisantī</span>ti ācariyā attano ruciyā uddisanti. <span class="bld">Uddisāpentī</span>ti ācariyaṃ yācitvā antevāsikā uddisāpenti. <span class="bld">Sajjhāyantī</span>ti <a name="V0.0381"></a> dhārenti. <span class="bld">Kukkuccavippaṭisāro</span>ti kukkuccasaṅkhāto vippaṭisāro. <span class="bld">Vihesāvicikicchāmanovilekhā</span>ti vihesāvicikicchāsaṅkhātā manovilekhā. <span class="bld">Garahaṇe</span>ti nindane.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anupasampannassa vivaṇṇane</span>ti anupasampannassa santike nindato tassa tasmiṃ vimatiṃ uppādetuṃ vinayavivaṇṇane.</p>
<p class="centered">Vilekhanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">3. Mohanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tasmiṃ</span> <a name="M0.0415"></a> <span class="bld">anācāre</span>ti tasmiṃ anācāre āciṇṇe. <span class="bld">Mokkho natthī</span>ti tassā āpattiyā mokkho natthi. <span class="bld">Tassa te</span>ti tassa tava. <span class="bld">Alābhā</span>ti ye aññesaṃ pātimokkhe uddissamāne sādhukaṃ aṭṭhiṃ katvā manasikaraṇassa ānisaṃsasaññitā diṭṭhadhammikasamparāyikā ca lābhā icchitabbā, te sabbe tuyhaṃ alābhā eva honti. <span class="bld">Dulladdha</span>nti puññavisesena laddhampi manussattaṃ dulladdhaṃ. <span class="bld">Sādhuka</span>nti suṭṭhu. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhiṃ katvā</span>ti atthikabhāvaṃ katvā, atthiko hutvāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Ñattidutiyena kammenā</span>ti ‘‘suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho’’tiādinā (pāci. 446) padabhājaniyaṃ vuttena mohāropanakena ñattidutiyena kammena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Adhammakamme</span>ti ettha mohāropanakammaṃ adhippetaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Mohanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">4. Pahārasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pahāraṃ dadeyyā</span>ti antamaso uppalapattaṃ upādāya kāyakāyappaṭibaddhanissaggiyānaṃ aññatarena pahāraṃ dadeyya. Evaṃ pana pahāre dinne hattho vā bhijjatu, pādo vā sīsaṃ vā, maratu vā, pācittiyameva. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘paharitukāmatāyā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anupasampanne</span>ti gahaṭṭhe vā pabbajite vā itthiyā vā purise vā antamaso tiracchānagatepi. Sace pana rattacitto itthiṃ paharati, saṅghādiseso. <span class="bld">Kenaci viheṭhiyamānassā</span>ti manussena <a name="V0.0382"></a> vā tiracchānagatena vā viheṭhiyamānassa. <span class="bld">Mokkhādhippāyassā</span>ti tato attano mokkhaṃ patthayamānassa. Sacepi antarāmagge (pāci. aṭṭha. 453) coraṃ vā paccatthikaṃ vā viheṭhetukāmaṃ disvā ‘‘upāsaka, ettheva tiṭṭha, mā āgamitthā’’ti vatvā vacanaṃ anādiyitvā āgacchantaṃ ‘‘gaccha re’’ti muggarena vā satthakena vā paharitvā yāti, so ce tena pahārena marati, anāpattiyeva. Vāḷamigesupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="centered">Pahārasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">5. Talasattikasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Talasattika</span>nti <a name="M0.0416"></a> talameva talasattikaṃ. ‘‘Pothanasamatthaṭṭhena sattika’’nti (vajira. ṭī. pācittiya 456) eke. <span class="bld">Uccāreyyā</span>ti ukkhipeyya. <span class="bld">Napaharitukāmatāya dinnattā dukkaṭa</span>nti ettha paharitukāmatāya paharite purimasikkhāpadena pācittiyaṃ. Uccāretukāmatāya kevalaṃ uggiraṇamatte kate iminā pācittiyaṃ. Iminā pana virajjhitvā pahāro dinno, tasmā dukkaṭaṃ. Ettha pana ‘‘tiracchānagatādīnaṃ asucikaraṇādīni disvā kujjhitvāpi uggirantassa mokkhādhippāyoyevā’’ti (sārattha. ṭī. pācittiya 3.471) vadanti.</p>
<p class="centered">Talasattikasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">6. Amūlakasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Chaṭṭhasikkhāpadaṃ uttānameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Amūlakasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">7. Sañciccasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kukkuccaṃ uppādentassā</span>ti (vajira. ṭī. pācittiya 468) saṃsayaṃ janentassa. Paro kukkuccaṃ uppādetu vā, mā vā, taṃ appamāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Maññe</span>ti takkayāmi. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena ‘‘vikāle maññe <a name="V0.0383"></a> tayā bhuttaṃ, majjaṃ maññe tayā pītaṃ, mātugāmena saddhiṃ raho maññe tayā nisinna’’ntiādīnaṃ (pāci. 466) gahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Anupasampanne</span>ti sāmaṇere.</p>
<p class="centered">Sañciccasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">8. Upassutisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Suyyatīti <span class="bld">suti,</span> saddo, sutiyā samīpaṃ <span class="bld">upassutī</span>ti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sutisamīpa’’</span>nti, saddasamīpanti attho. Yattha pana ṭhitena sakkā hoti saddaṃ sotuṃ<a name="M0.0417"></a>, tattha tiṭṭhanto saddasamīpe tiṭṭhati nāmāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yattha ṭhatvā’’</span>tiādi. Atha vā upecca suyyati etthāti <span class="bld">upassuti,</span> ṭhānaṃ, yaṃ ṭhānaṃ upagatena sakkā hoti kathentānaṃ saddaṃ sotuṃ, tatthāti evampettha attho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Turitagamanepī</span>ti pacchato gacchantassa purato gacchantānaṃ saddasavanatthaṃ sīghagamanepi. <span class="bld">Ohīyamānepī</span>ti purato gacchantassa pacchato gacchantānaṃ vacanasavanatthaṃ ohīyamānepi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vūpasamissāmī</span>ti upasamaṃ gamissāmi, kalahaṃ na karissāmi. <span class="bld">Attānaṃ parimocessāmī</span>ti mama akārakabhāvaṃ kathetvā attānaṃ parimocessāmi. <span class="bld">Siyā kiriya</span>nti kadāci sotukāmatāya gamanavasena samuṭṭhānato siyā kiriyaṃ. <span class="bld">Siyā akiriya</span>nti kadāci ṭhitaṭṭhānaṃ āgantvā mantayamānānaṃ ajānāpanavasena samuṭṭhānato siyā akiriyaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Upassutisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">9. Kammappaṭibāhanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dhammikāna</span>nti dhammena vinayena satthusāsanena katattā dhammo etesu atthīti <span class="bld">dhammikāni,</span> tesaṃ dhammikānaṃ. <span class="bld">Kammāna</span>nti catunnaṃ saṅghakammānaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘dhammenā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">dhammenā</span>ti bhūtena vatthunā. <span class="bld">Vinayenā</span>ti codanāya ceva sāraṇāya ca. <span class="bld">Satthusāsanenā</span>ti ñattisampadāya ceva anussavanāsampadāya ca. <span class="bld">Samaggassa saṅghassā</span>ti sīmaṭṭhakasaṅghaṃ sodhetvā chandārahānaṃ chandaṃ āharitvā kattabbattā kāyena ceva cittena ca ekībhūtassa saṅghassa. <span class="bld">Taṃ taṃ vatthu</span>nti avaṇṇabhaṇanādiṃ taṃ taṃ vatthu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Osārenti <a name="V0.0384"></a> saṅghamajjhaṃ etenāti <span class="bld">osāraṇaṃ</span>. Nissārenti saṅghamhā etenāti <span class="bld">nissāraṇaṃ</span>. <span class="bld">Bhaṇḍukamma</span>nti muṇḍakaraṇaṃ, kesacchedanāpucchananti attho. Kammameva lakkhaṇaṃ <span class="bld">kammalakkhaṇaṃ</span>. Osāraṇādayo viya kammañca hutvā aññañca nāmaṃ na labhati, kammameva hutvā lakkhīyatīti kammalakkhaṇanti attho. ‘‘Osāraṇaṃ nissāraṇa’’nti (pari. aṭṭha. 495-496) cettha padasiliṭṭhatāyetaṃ vuttaṃ. Paṭhamaṃ pana nissāraṇā hoti, pacchā osāraṇāti āha <a name="M0.0418"></a> <span class="bld">‘‘tattha kaṇṭakasāmaṇerassā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Kaṇṭakasāmaṇerassa nāsanā viya nissāraṇā</span>ti yathā kaṇṭakasāmaṇerassa daṇḍakammanāsanā nissāraṇā, tathā buddhassa vā dhammassa vā saṅghassa vā avaṇṇaṃ bhaṇato, akappiyaṃ ‘‘kappiya’’nti dīpayato, micchādiṭṭhikassa antaggāhikāya diṭṭhiyā samannāgatassa aññassāpi sāmaṇerassa –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Saṅghaṃ, bhante, pucchāmi ‘ayaṃ itthannāmo sāmaṇero buddhassa vā dhammassa vā saṅghassa vā avaṇṇavādī micchādiṭṭhiko, yaṃ aññe sāmaṇerā labhanti dirattatirattaṃ bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ sahaseyyaṃ, tassa alābhāya nissāraṇā ruccati saṅghassā’ti. Dutiyampi…pe… tatiyampi, bhante, saṅghaṃ pucchāmi ‘ayaṃ itthannāmo sāmaṇero…pe… ruccati saṅghassā’ti, cara pire vinassā’’ti (pari. aṭṭha. 495-496) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Kattabbanāsanā nissāraṇāti attho. <span class="bld">Tādisaṃyeva sammāvattantaṃ disvā pavesanā osāraṇā</span>ti tādisaṃyeva aparena samayena ‘‘ahaṃ, bhante, bālatāya aññāṇatāya alakkhikatāya evaṃ akāsiṃ, svāhaṃ saṅghaṃ khamāpemī’’ti khamāpentaṃ disvā yāvatatiyaṃ yācāpetvā –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Saṅghaṃ, bhante, pucchāmi ‘ayaṃ itthannāmo sāmaṇero buddhassa vā dhammassa vā saṅghassa vā avaṇṇavādī micchādiṭṭhiko, yaṃ aññe sāmaṇerā labhanti bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ dirattatirattaṃ sahaseyyaṃ, tassa alābhāya nissārito, svāyaṃ idāni sorato nivātavutti lajjidhammaṃ okkanto hirottappe patiṭṭhito katadaṇḍakammo accayaṃ deseti, imassa sāmaṇerassa yathā pure kāyasambhogasāmaggidānaṃ ruccati saṅghassā’ti. Dutiyampi…pe… tatiyampi, bhante, saṅghaṃ pucchāmi…pe… ruccati saṅghassā’’ti (pari. aṭṭha. 495-496) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Pavesanā osāraṇāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kesacchedanāpucchana</span>nti <a name="V0.0385"></a> sīmāpariyāpanne bhikkhū sannipātāpetvā pabbajjāpekkhaṃ tattha netvā ‘‘saṅghaṃ, bhante, imassa dārakassa bhaṇḍukammaṃ āpucchāmī’’ti <a name="M0.0419"></a> tikkhattuṃ vā dvikkhattuṃ vā sakiṃ vā vacanaṃ. Idha ca ‘‘imassa dārakassa bhaṇḍukammaṃ āpucchāmā’’tipi ‘‘imassa samaṇakaraṇaṃ āpucchāmā’’tipi ‘‘imassa pabbājanaṃ āpucchāmā’’tipi ‘‘ayaṃ samaṇo hotukāmo’’tipi ‘‘ayaṃ pabbajitukāmo’’tipi vattuṃ vaṭṭatiyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mukharassā</span>ti mukhena kharassa. Yaṃ avandiyakammaṃ anuññātanti sambandho. <span class="bld">Ūruṃ vivaritvā dassanādivatthūsū</span>ti –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū bhikkhuniyo kaddamodakena osiñcanti ‘appeva nāma amhesu sārajjeyyu’nti, kāyaṃ vivaritvā bhikkhunīnaṃ dassenti, ūruṃ vivaritvā bhikkhunīnaṃ dassenti, aṅgajātaṃ vivaritvā bhikkhunīnaṃ dassenti, bhikkhuniyo obhāsenti, bhikkhunīhi saddhiṃ sampayojenti ‘appeva nāma amhesu sārajjeyyu’’’nti (cūḷava. 411) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Imesu vatthūsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Acchinnacīvarakādīna</span>nti acchinnacīvarajiṇṇacīvaranaṭṭhacīvaragilānabahussutasaṅghabhāranittharakādīnaṃ. <span class="bld">Cīvarādīnī</span>ti cīvarabhesajjasenāsanādīni. <span class="bld">Paribhuñjitabbānī</span>ti paribhuñjitabbāni mūlatacapattaaṅkurapupphaphalādīni. <span class="bld">Apanetabbānipi vatthūnī</span>ti āvāsakaraṇādiatthaṃ haritabbānipi chāyūpagaphalūpagarukkhādīni. <span class="bld">Tathārūpaṃ vā dhammikaṃ katikaṃ karontehī</span>ti cīvarapiṇḍapātatthāya dinnato āvāsajagganādikaṃ tādisaṃ vā aññampi dhammikaṃ katikaṃ karontehi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Neva suttaṃ āgacchatī</span>ti na mātikā āgacchati. <span class="bld">No suttavibhaṅgo</span>ti vinayopi na paguṇo. <span class="bld">Byañjanacchāyāya atthaṃ paṭibāhatī</span>ti (cūḷava. aṭṭha. 233) byañjanamattameva gahetvā atthaṃ paṭisedheti. Jātarūparajatakhettavatthuppaṭiggahaṇādīsu vinayadharehi bhikkhūhi āpattiyā kāriyamāne disvā ‘‘kiṃ ime āpattiyā kāretha, nanu ‘jātarūparajatappaṭiggahaṇā paṭivirato hotī’ti (dī. ni. 1.10, 194) evaṃ sutte paṭiviratimattameva vuttaṃ, natthi ettha āpattī’’ti vadati. Aparo dhammakathiko suttassa āgatattā olambetvā nivāsentānaṃ āpattiyā <a name="V0.0386"></a> āropiyamānāya ‘‘kiṃ imesaṃ āpattiṃ āropetha, nanu ‘parimaṇḍalaṃ nivāsessāmīti sikkhā karaṇīyā’ti (pāci. 576) evaṃ <a name="M0.0420"></a> sikkhākaraṇamattameva vuttaṃ, natthi ettha āpattī’’ti vadati. <span class="bld">Ubbāhika vinicchaye</span>ti samathakkhandhake vuttaubbāhikavinicchaye ‘‘sīlavā hotī’’tiādikāya hi dasaṅgasampattiyā samannāgate dve tayo bhikkhū uccinitvā vinicchayo <span class="bld">ubbāhikavinicchayo</span>ti daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pavāraṇappaccukkaḍḍhanā</span>ti pavāraṇāya ukkassanā, uddhaṃ kaḍḍhanāti attho. <span class="bld">Tiṇavatthārakasamathe sabbasaṅgāhikañatti cā</span>ti ‘‘suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho, amhākaṃ bhaṇḍanajātānaṃ…pe… ṭhapetvā gihippaṭisaṃyutta’’nti (cūḷava. 212-213) evaṃ tiṇavatthārakasamathe katā sabbapaṭhamā <span class="bld">sabbasaṅgāhikañatti</span> ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Alābhāya parisakkanādikehī</span>ti catunnaṃ paccayānaṃ alābhatthāya payogakaraṇādikehi. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena ‘‘anatthāya parisakkanaṃ, anāvāsāya parisakkanaṃ, akkosanaparibhāsanaṃ, bhikkhū bhikkhūhi bhedanaṃ, buddhassa avaṇṇabhaṇanaṃ, dhammassa avaṇṇabhaṇanaṃ, saṅghassa avaṇṇabhaṇana’’nti (cūḷava. 265) avasesaṃ sattaṅgaṃ saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhahaṅgehi samannāgatassā</span>ti aṭṭhahi ceva aṅgehi ekekenapi aṅgena ca samannāgatassa. <span class="bld">Asambhogakaraṇattha</span>nti tena dinnassa deyyadhammassa appaṭiggahaṇatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Pattanikkujjanavasenā</span>ti kammavācāya pattanikkujjanavasena, na adhomukhaṭṭhapanavasena. <span class="bld">Pattukkujjanavasenā</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Tassevā</span>ti yo pattanikkujjanavasena katanissāraṇo, tasseva upāsakassa. <span class="bld">Sammāvattantassā</span>ti yena samannāgatassa pattukkujjanaṃ, tena samannāgatassa. <span class="bld">Sā</span>ti yathāvuttā nissāraṇā, osāraṇā ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sūciyādiappamattakaṃ taṃtadatthikānaṃ vissajjeti detīti <span class="bld">appamattakavissajjako. Sāṭiyaggāhāpako</span>ti vassikasāṭiyaggāhāpako. Kammaṃ karonte ārāmike pesanatthāya dātabbā sammuti <span class="bld">ārāmikapesakasammuti</span>. Esa nayo <span class="bld">sāmaṇerapesakasammutī</span>ti etthāpi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tajjanīyakammādīnaṃ sattanna</span>nti tajjanīyaṃ, niyasaṃ, pabbājanīyaṃ, paṭisāraṇīyaṃ, tividhañca ukkhepanīyanti tajjanīyādīnaṃ sattannaṃ. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhayāvatatiyakā</span>ti bhikkhūnaṃ vasena cattāro, bhikkhunīnaṃ vasena cattāroti aṭṭha saṅghādisesā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ñattikammādivasenā</span>ti <a name="M0.0421"></a> ñattikammañattidutiyakammañatticatutthakammavasena. ‘‘Kariyamānaṃ daḷhataraṃ <a name="V0.0387"></a> hoti, tasmā kātabba’’nti ekacce vadanti. Evaṃ pana sati kammasaṅkaro hoti, tasmā na kātabbanti paṭikkhittameva. Sace pana akkharaparihīnaṃ vā padaparihīnaṃ vā duruttapadaṃ vā hoti, tassa sodhanatthaṃ punappunaṃ vattuṃ vaṭṭati. Idaṃ akuppakammassa daḷhīkammaṃ hoti, kuppakamme kammaṃ hutvā tiṭṭhati. <span class="bld">Sakalakkhaṇenevā</span>ti ñattiñca catasso ca kammavācāyo sāvetvāva. <span class="bld">Na sesakammavasenā</span>ti apalokanakammādinā avasesakammavasena na kātabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Kammappaṭibāhanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">10. Chandaṃadatvāgamanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ārocitaṃ vatthu avinicchita</span>nti ārocitavatthu āpattikabhāvena na vinicchitaṃ. Ettha ca codakena ca cuditakena ca attano kathā kathitā, anuvijjako sammato, ettāvatā vatthumeva ārocitaṃ hotīti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Chandaṃ adatvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkameyyā</span>ti ‘‘kathaṃ idaṃ kammaṃ kuppaṃ assa, vaggaṃ assa, na kareyyā’’ti (pāci. 481) iminā adhippāyena chandaṃ adatvā nisinnāsanato uṭṭhāya gaccheyya. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yo bhikkhū’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Kiriyākiriya</span>nti ettha gamanaṃ <span class="bld">kiriyaṃ,</span> chandassa adānaṃ <span class="bld">akiriyaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="centered">Chandaṃadatvāgamanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">11. Dubbalasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yathāsanthuta</span>nti yathāmittaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yo yo’’</span>ti ādi. Tattha <span class="bld">mittasandiṭṭhasambhattavasenā</span>ti mittasandiṭṭhasambhattānaṃ vasena. Tattha <span class="bld">mittā</span> mittāva. <span class="bld">Sandiṭṭhā</span> tattha tattha saṅgamma diṭṭhamattā nātidaḷhamittā. <span class="bld">Sambhattā</span> suṭṭhu bhattā sinehavanto daḷhamittāti daṭṭhabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pañca garubhaṇḍānī</span>ti rāsivasena pañca garubhaṇḍāni, sarūpavasena panetāni bahūni honti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘rāsivasena pañca garubhaṇḍāni vuttānī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ārāmo</span> <a name="M0.0422"></a> (cūḷava. aṭṭha. 321; vi. saṅga. aṭṭha. 227) nāma pupphārāmo vā phalārāmo vā. <span class="bld">Ārāmavatthu</span> nāma tesaṃyeva ārāmānaṃ atthāya paricchinditvā ṭhapitokāso, tesu vā ārāmesu vinaṭṭhesu tesaṃ porāṇakabhūmibhāgo<a name="V0.0388"></a>. <span class="bld">Vihāro</span> nāma yaṃ kiñci pāsādādisenāsanaṃ. <span class="bld">Vihāravatthu</span> nāma tassa patiṭṭhānokāso. <span class="bld">Mañco</span> nāma masārako bundikābaddho, kuḷīrapādako, āhaccapādakoti imesaṃ pubbe vuttānaṃ catunnaṃ mañcānaṃ aññataro. <span class="bld">Pīṭhaṃ</span> nāma masārakādīnaṃyeva catunnaṃ pīṭhānaṃ aññataraṃ. <span class="bld">Bhisi</span> nāma uṇṇabhisiādīnaṃ pañcannaṃ bhisīnaṃ aññatarā. <span class="bld">Bibbohanaṃ</span> nāma rukkhatūlalatātūlapoṭakitūlānaṃ aññatarena puṇṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Lohakumbhī</span> nāma kāḷalohena vā tambalohena vā yena kenaci lohena katā kumbhī. <span class="bld">Lohabhāṇakā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo. Ettha pana <span class="bld">bhāṇaka</span>nti arañjaro vuccati. <span class="bld">Vārako</span>ti ghaṭo. <span class="bld">Kaṭāhaṃ</span> kaṭāhameva. <span class="bld">Vāsi</span>ādīsu, <span class="bld">valli</span>ādīsu ca duviññeyyaṃ nāma natthi. Evaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">Dvisaṅgahāni dve honti, tatiyaṃ catusaṅgahaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Catutthaṃ navakoṭṭhāsaṃ, pañcamaṃ aṭṭhabhedanaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Iti pañcahi rāsīhi, pañcanimmalalocano;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Pañcavīsavidhaṃ nātho, garubhaṇḍaṃ pakāsayi. (cūḷava. aṭṭha. 321; vi. saṅga. aṭṭha. 227);</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vissajjetuṃ vā vibhajituṃ vā na vaṭṭatī</span>ti mūlacchejjavasena vissajjetuṃ vā vibhajituṃ vā na vaṭṭanti. Parivattanavasena pana vissajjantassa, vibhajantassa ca anāpatti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘thāvarenā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">thāvarena thāvara</span>nti ārāmaārāmavatthuvihāravihāravatthunā ārāmaṃ ārāmavatthuṃ vihāraṃ vihāravatthuṃ. <span class="bld">Itarenā</span>ti athāvarena, pacchimarāsittayenāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Akappiyenā</span>ti suvaṇṇamayamañcādinā ceva akappiyabhisibibbohanehi ca. <span class="bld">Mahagghakappiyenā</span>ti dantamayamañcādinā ceva pāvārādinā ca. <span class="bld">Itara</span>nti athāvaraṃ. <span class="bld">Kappiyaparivattanena parivattetu</span>nti yathā akappiyaṃ na hoti, evaṃ parivattetuṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatrāyaṃ parivattananayo (cūḷava. aṭṭha. 321; vi. saṅga. aṭṭha. 228) – saṅghassa nāḷikerārāmo dūre hoti, kappiyakārakāva bahutaraṃ khādanti, yampi na khādanti, tato <a name="M0.0423"></a> sakaṭavetanaṃ datvā appameva āharanti. Aññesaṃ pana tassārāmassa avidūre gāmavāsīnaṃ manussānaṃ vihārassa samīpe ārāmo hoti, te saṅghaṃ upasaṅkamitvā sakena ārāmena taṃ ārāmaṃ yācanti, saṅghena ‘‘ruccati saṅghassā’’ti apaloketvā sampaṭicchitabbo. Sacepi bhikkhūnaṃ rukkhasahassaṃ hoti, manussānaṃ pañcasatāni, ‘‘tumhākaṃ ārāmo khuddako’’ti na vattabbaṃ. Kiñcāpi ayaṃ khuddako, atha kho itarato bahutaraṃ āyaṃ deti. Sacepi samakameva deti<a name="V0.0389"></a>, evampi icchiticchitakkhaṇe paribhuñjituṃ sakkāti gahetabbameva. Sace pana manussānaṃ bahutarā rukkhā honti, ‘‘nanu tumhākaṃ bahutarā rukkhā’’ti vattabbaṃ. Sace ‘‘atirekaṃ amhākaṃ puññaṃ hotu, saṅghassa demā’’ti vadanti, jānāpetvā sampaṭicchituṃ vaṭṭati. Bhikkhūnaṃ rukkhā phaladhārino, manussānaṃ rukkhā na tāva phalaṃ gaṇhanti. Kiñcāpi na gaṇhanti, na cirena gaṇhissantīti sampaṭicchitabbameva. Manussānaṃ rukkhā phaladhārino, bhikkhūnaṃ rukkhā na tāva phalaṃ gaṇhanti, ‘‘nanu tumhākaṃ rukkhā phaladhārino’’ti vattabbaṃ. Sace ‘‘gaṇhatha, bhante, amhākaṃ puññaṃ bhavissatī’’ti denti, jānāpetvā sampaṭicchituṃ vaṭṭati. Evaṃ ārāmena ārāmo parivattetabbo, eteneva nayena ārāmavatthupi vihāropi vihāravatthupi ārāmena parivattetabbaṃ. Ārāmavatthunā ca mahantena vā khuddakena vā ārāmaṃ ārāmavatthuṃ vihāraṃ vihāravatthunti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ vihārena (cūḷava. aṭṭha. 321; vi. saṅga. aṭṭha. 228) vihāro parivattetabbo? Saṅghassa antogāme gehaṃ hoti, manussānaṃ vihāramajjhe pāsādo, ubhopi agghena samakā. Sace manussā tena pāsādena taṃ gehaṃ yācanti, sampaṭicchituṃ vaṭṭati. Bhikkhūnaṃ ce mahagghataraṃ gehaṃ hoti, ‘‘mahagghataraṃ amhākaṃ geha’’nti vutte ‘‘kiñcāpi mahagghataraṃ pabbajitānaṃ asāruppaṃ, na sakkā tattha pabbajitehi vasituṃ, idaṃ pana sāruppaṃ, gaṇhathā’’ti vadanti, evampi sampaṭicchituṃ vaṭṭati. Sace pana manussānaṃ mahagghaṃ hoti ‘‘nanu tumhākaṃ gehaṃ mahaggha’’nti vattabbaṃ. ‘‘Hotu, bhante, amhākaṃ puññaṃ bhavissati, gaṇhathā’’ti vutte pana sampaṭicchituṃ vaṭṭati. Evaṃ vihārena vihāro parivattetabbo. Eteneva nayena vihāravatthupi ārāmopi ārāmavatthupi vihārena parivattetabbaṃ. Vihāravatthunā ca mahagghena vā appagghena vā <a name="M0.0424"></a> vihāraṃ vihāravatthuṃ ārāmaṃ ārāmavatthuṃ. Evaṃ tāva <span class="bld">thāvarena thāvaraparivattanaṃ</span> veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Itarena itaraparivattane</span> pana mañcapīṭhaṃ mahantaṃ vā hotu, khuddakaṃ vā (cūḷava. aṭṭha. 321; vi. saṅga. aṭṭha. 228), antamaso caturaṅgulapādakaṃ gāmadārakehi paṃsvāgārakesu kīḷantehi katampi saṅghassa dinnakālato paṭṭhāya garubhaṇḍaṃ hoti. Sacepi rājā vā rājamahāmattādayo vā ekappahāreneva mañcasataṃ vā mañcasahassaṃ vā denti, sabbe kappiyamañcā sampaṭicchitabbā, sampaṭicchitvā vuḍḍhappaṭipāṭiyā ‘‘saṅghikaparibhogena paribhuñjathā’’ti dātabbā, na puggalikaparibhogena dātabbā. Atirekamañce bhaṇḍāgārādīsu paññapetvā pattacīvaraṃ nikkhipitvā paribhuñjitumpi vaṭṭati. Bahisīmāya ‘‘saṅghassa demā’’ti dinnamañco <a name="V0.0390"></a> saṅghattherassa vasanaṭṭhāne dātabbo. Tattha ce bahū mañcā honti, mañcena kammaṃ natthi. Yassa vasanaṭṭhāne kammaṃ atthi, tattha ‘‘saṅghikaparibhogena paribhuñjathā’’ti dātabbo, na puggalikabhogena. Mahagghena satagghanakena vā sahassagghanakena vā mañcena aññaṃ mañcasataṃ labhati, parivattetvā gahetabbaṃ. Na kevalaṃ mañcena mañcoyeva, ārāmaārāmavatthuvihāravihāravatthupīṭhabhisibibbohanānipi parivattetuṃ vaṭṭati. Eseva nayo <span class="bld">pīṭhabhisibibbohanesu</span>pi. <span class="bld">Varasenāsanādīnaṃ saṃrakkhaṇattha</span>nti sace dubbhikkhaṃ hoti, bhikkhū piṇḍapātena na yāpenti, ettha rājarogacorabhayāni, aññattha gacchantānaṃ vihārā palujjanti, tālanāḷikerādike vināsenti, senāsanapaccayaṃ sandhāya yāpetuṃ sakkā hoti, evarūpe kāle varasenāsanādīnaṃ saṃrakkhaṇatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Lāmakāni vissajjetu</span>nti lāmakaṃ lāmakaṃ vissajjetuṃ, lāmakakoṭiyā vissajjetunti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Vissajjetvā paribhuñjituṃ vaṭṭatī</span>ti vissajjetvā tato laddhayāgubhattacīvarādīni paribhuñjituṃ vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Kāḷalohatambalohakaṃsalohavaṭṭalohāna</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">kaṃsalohaṃ, vaṭṭalohañca</span> kittimalohaṃ. Tīṇi hi kittimalohāni kaṃsalohaṃ, vaṭṭalohaṃ, ārakūṭanti. Tattha tiputambe missetvā kataṃ <span class="bld">kaṃsalohaṃ,</span> sītatambe missetvā kataṃ <span class="bld">vaṭṭalohaṃ,</span> rasakatambe missetvā kataṃ <span class="bld">ārakūṭaṃ</span>. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘kaṃsalohaṃ, vaṭṭalohañca kittimaloha’’nti. <span class="bld">Tato atireka</span>nti tato atirekaggaṇhanako.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sarako</span>ti <a name="M0.0425"></a> majjhe makuḷaṃ dassetvā mukhavaṭṭivitthataṃ katvā piṭṭhito nāmetvā kātabbaṃ ekaṃ bhājanaṃ. ‘‘Sarāva’’ntipi vadanti. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena kañcanakādīnaṃ gihiupakaraṇānaṃ gahaṇaṃ. Tāni hi khuddakānipi garubhaṇḍāneva gihiupakaraṇattāti. <span class="bld">Pi</span>-saddena pageva mahantānīti dasseti. Imāni pana bhājanīyāni bhikkhūpakaraṇattāti adhippāyo. Yathā ca etāni, evaṃ kuṇḍikāpi bhājanīyā. Vakkhati hi ‘‘yathā ca mattikābhaṇḍe, evaṃ lohabhaṇḍepi kuṇḍikā bhājanīyakoṭṭhāsameva bhajatī’’ti (kaṅkhā. aṭṭha. dubbalasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā). <span class="bld">Saṅghikaparibhogenā</span>ti āgantukānaṃ vuḍḍhatarānaṃ datvā paribhogena. <span class="bld">Gihivikaṭā</span>ti gihīhi vikatā paññattā, attano vā santakakaraṇena virūpaṃ katā. <span class="bld">Puggalikaparibhogena na vaṭṭatī</span>ti āgantukānaṃ adatvā attano santakaṃ viya gahetvā pariharitvā paribhuñjituṃ na vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Pipphaliko</span>ti kattari. <span class="bld">Ārakaṇṭakaṃ</span> sūcivedhakaṃ. <span class="bld">Tāḷaṃ</span> yantaṃ. <span class="bld">Kattarayaṭṭhivedhako</span> kattarayaṭṭhivalayaṃ. <span class="bld">Yathā tathā ghanakataṃ loha</span>nti lohavaṭṭi lohaguḷo lohapiṇḍi lohacakkalikanti evaṃ ghanakataṃ lohaṃ. <span class="bld">Khīrapāsāṇamayānī</span>ti mudukakhīravaṇṇapāsāṇamayāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gihivikaṭānipi na vaṭṭanti</span> anāmāsattā. <span class="bld">Pi</span>-saddena pageva saṅghikaparibhogena vā puggalikaparibhogena <a name="V0.0391"></a> vāti dasseti. Senāsanaparibhogo pana sabbakappiyo. Tasmā jātarūpādimayā sabbepi senāsanaparikkhārā āmāsā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘senāsanaparibhoge panā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sesā</span>ti tato mahattarī vāsi. <span class="bld">Yā panā</span>ti yā kudārī pana. <span class="bld">Kudālo</span> antamaso caturaṅgulamattopi garubhaṇḍameva. <span class="bld">Nikhādanaṃ</span> caturassamukhaṃ vā hotu, doṇimukhaṃ vā vaṅkaṃ vā ujukaṃ vā, antamaso sammuñjanidaṇḍakavedhanampi daṇḍabandhaṃ ce, garubhaṇḍameva. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kudālo daṇḍabandhanikhādanaṃ vā agarubhaṇḍaṃ nāma natthī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sipāṭikā</span> nāma khurakoso. Sikharaṃ pana daṇḍabandhanikhādanaṃ anulometīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sikharampi nikhādaneneva saṅgahita’’</span>nti. Sace tampi pana adaṇḍakaṃ phalamattaṃ, bhājanīyaṃ. <span class="bld">Upakkhare</span>ti vāsiādibhaṇḍāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pattabandhako</span> nāma pattassa gaṇṭhikādikārako. ‘‘Paṭimāsuvaṇṇādipattakārako’’tipi vadanti. Tipucchedanakasatthaṃ, suvaṇṇacchedanakasatthaṃ, kataparikammacammacchindanakakhuddakasatthanti <a name="M0.0426"></a> imāni cettha tīṇi pipphalikaṃ anulomentīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ayaṃ pana viseso’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Itarānī</span>ti mahākattariādīni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aḍḍhabāhuppamāṇā</span>ti (sārattha. ṭī. cūḷavagga 3.321) kapparato paṭṭhāya yāva aṃsakūṭappamāṇā, vidatthicaturaṅgulappamāṇāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Tatthajātakā</span>ti saṅghikabhūmiyaṃ jātā. Ārakkhasaṃvidhānena rakkhitattā rakkhitā ca sā mañjūsādīsu pakkhittaṃ viya yathā taṃ na nassati, evaṃ gopanato gopitā cāti <span class="bld">rakkhitagopitā</span>. Tatthajātakāpi pana arakkhitā garubhaṇḍameva na hoti. <span class="bld">‘‘Saṅghakamme ca cetiyakamme ca kate’’</span>ti iminā saṅghasantakena cetiyasantakaṃ rakkhituṃ, parivattituñca vaṭṭatīti dīpeti. <span class="bld">Suttaṃ panā</span>ti vaṭṭitañceva avaṭṭitañca suttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aṭṭhaṅgulasūcidaṇḍamatto</span>ti antamaso dīghaso aṭṭhaṅgulamatto, pariṇāhato sīhaḷapaṇṇasūcidaṇḍamatto. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti veḷubhaṇḍe. Daḍḍhaṃ gehaṃ yesaṃ teti <span class="bld">daḍḍhagehā. Na vāretabbā</span>ti ‘‘mā gaṇhitvā gacchathā’’ti na nisedhetabbā. Desantaragatena sampattavihāre saṅghikāvāse ṭhapetabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Avasesañca chadanatiṇa</span>nti muñjapabbajehi avasesaṃ yaṃ kiñci chadanatiṇaṃ. Yattha pana tiṇaṃ <a name="V0.0392"></a> natthi, tattha paṇṇehi chādenti (cūḷava. aṭṭha. 321). Tasmā paṇṇampi tiṇeneva saṅgahitanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘chadanatiṇasaṅkhepagatesū’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhaṅgulappamāṇopī</span>ti vitthārato aṭṭhaṅgulappamāṇo. Likhitapotthako pana garubhaṇḍaṃ na hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Veḷumhi vuttappamāṇo</span>ti ‘‘aṭṭhaṅgulasūcidaṇḍakamattopī’’ti veḷubhaṇḍe vuttappamāṇo. <span class="bld">Saṅghassa dinno vā</span>ti dārudullabhaṭṭhāne saṅghassa dinno vā. Kurundiyaṃ vuttakkamena dārubhaṇḍavinicchayaṃ vatvā idāni mahāaṭṭhakathāyaṃ vuttakkamena vattuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘apicā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Āsandikādīnī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">āsandiko</span>ti caturassapīṭhaṃ vuccati. ‘‘Uccakampi āsandika’’nti vacanato ekatobhāgena dīghapīṭhameva hi aṭṭhaṅgulapādakaṃ vaṭṭati. Caturassāsandiko pana pamāṇātikkantopi vaṭṭhatīti veditabbo. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena ‘‘sattaṅgo, bhaddapīṭhakaṃ, eḷakapādakapīṭhaṃ, āmalakavaṭṭakapīṭhaṃ, phalakaṃ, kocchaṃ, palālapīṭhaka’’nti <a name="M0.0427"></a> (cūḷava. aṭṭha. 321) ime saṅgaṇhantīti veditabbaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘antamaso’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Paṇṇehi vā</span>ti kadalipaṇṇādīhi vā. Byagghacammonaddhampi vāḷarūpaparikkhittaṃ ratanaparisibbitaṃ kocchakaṃ garubhaṇḍameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ghaṭṭanaphalakaṃ</span> nāma yattha ṭhapetvā rajitacīvaraṃ hatthena ghaṭṭenti. <span class="bld">Ghaṭṭanamuggaro</span> nāma anuvātādighaṭṭanakoti vadanti. <span class="bld">Daṇḍamuggaro</span> nāma yena rajitacīvaraṃ pothenti. <span class="bld">Ambaṇa</span>nti phalakehi pokkharaṇī viya kataṃ pānīyabhājanaṃ. <span class="bld">Rajanadoṇī</span>ti pakkarajanaṃ ākiritvā ṭhapanabhājanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Akappiyacamma</span>nti sīhādīnaṃ cammaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Bhūmattharaṇaṃ kātuṃ vaṭṭatī’’</span>ti idaṃ akappiyacammaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Paccattharaṇagatika’’</span>nti iminā mañcapīṭhepi attharituṃ vaṭṭatīti dīpeti. Pāvārādipaccattharaṇampi garubhaṇḍanti eke. Noti apare. Vīmaṃsitvā gahetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Kappiyacammānī</span>ti migādīnaṃ cammāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbaṃ cakkayuttayāna</span>nti rathasakaṭādikaṃ sabbacakkayuttayānaṃ. Visaṅkharitacakkaṃ pana yānaṃ bhājanīyaṃ. <span class="bld">Anuññātavāsi</span> nāma yā sipāṭikāya pakkhipitvā pariharituṃ sakkāti vuttā. <span class="bld">Muṭṭhipaṇṇa</span>nti tālapattaṃ. Tañhi muṭṭhinā gahetvā pariharantīti ‘‘muṭṭhipaṇṇa’’nti vuccati. <span class="bld">Muṭṭhipaṇṇa</span>nti chattacchadanapaṇṇamevāti keci. <span class="bld">Araṇisahita</span>nti araṇiyugaḷaṃ, uttarāraṇī, adharāraṇīti araṇidvayanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Phātikammaṃ</span> <a name="V0.0393"></a> <span class="bld">katvā</span>ti antamaso taṃagghanakavālikāyapi thāvaraṃ vaḍḍhikammaṃ katvā. Phātikammaṃ akatvā gaṇhantena tattheva valañjetabbo. Gamanakāle saṅghike āvāse ṭhapetvā gantabbaṃ. Asatiyā gahetvā gatena pahiṇitvā dātabbo. Desantaragatena sampattavihāre saṅghikāvāse ṭhapetabbo. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti mattikābhaṇḍe. <span class="bld">Kuṇḍikā</span>ti ayokuṇḍikā ceva tambalohakuṇḍikā ca. <span class="bld">Bhājanīyakoṭṭhāsameva bhajatī</span>ti bhājanīyapakkhameva sevati, na tu garubhaṇḍanti attho. Kañcanako pana garubhaṇḍamevāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Itara</span>nti garubhaṇḍaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Dubbalasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">12. Pariṇāmanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dvādasame <a name="M0.0428"></a> na kiñci vattabbaṃ atthi.</p>
<p class="centered">Pariṇāmanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Sahadhammikavaggo aṭṭhamo.</p>
<p class="title">9. Ratanavaggo</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Antepurasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anikkhantarājake aniggataratanake</span>ti ettha ‘‘sayanighare’’ti pāṭhaseso daṭṭhabboti āha <span class="bld">‘‘anikkhanto rājā ito’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">ito</span>ti sayanigharato. <span class="bld">Sayanighare</span>ti sayanīyaghare. Yattha rañño sayanaṃ paññattaṃ hoti, antamaso sāṇipākāraparikkhittampi, tasminti vuttaṃ hoti. Ratijananaṭṭhena <span class="bld">ratanaṃ,</span> hatthiādi. Idha pana itthiratanaṃ adhippetanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ratanaṃ vuccati mahesī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ubhosū</span>ti <a name="V0.0394"></a> rājamahesīsu. <span class="bld">Kiriyākiriya</span>nti ettha indakhīlātikkamo <span class="bld">kiriyaṃ,</span> appaṭisaṃviditaṃ <span class="bld">akiriya</span>nti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Antepurasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">2. Ratanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Muttādidasavidha</span>nti ‘‘muttā maṇi veḷuriyo saṅkho silā pavāḷaṃ rajataṃ jātarūpaṃ lohitaṅko masāragalla’’nti (pāci. 506) dasavidhaṃ ratanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ajjhāvasathe</span>ti gehe. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘parikkhittassā’’</span>tiādi, parikkhittassa āvasathassāti attho. <span class="bld">Āvasatho</span>ti cettha antogāme niviṭṭhagehaṃ adhippetaṃ. Ārāme niviṭṭhagehaṃ pana ajjhārāmaggahaṇeneva gahitaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Āvasatho</span>ti cettha antoārāme vā hotu, aññattha vā, attano vasanaṭṭhānaṃ vuccatī’’ti (sārattha. ṭī. pācittiya 3.506) keci. <span class="bld">Sabbesampi atthāya dukkaṭamevā</span>ti attano vā tesaṃ saṅghādīnaṃ vā atthāya uggaṇhantassa vā uggaṇhāpentassa vā dukkaṭameva. Sace pana mātāpitūnaṃ santakaṃ avassaṃ paṭisāmetabbaṃ <a name="M0.0429"></a> kappiyabhaṇḍaṃ hoti, attano atthāya gahetvā paṭisāmetabbanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tādisaṃ panā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Tādisa</span>nti yaṃ mātāpitūnaṃ santakaṃ avassaṃ paṭisāmetabbaṃ kappiyabhaṇḍaṃ, tādisaṃ. <span class="bld">Chandenapi bhayenapī</span>ti vaḍḍhakiādīsu chandenapi, rājavallabhesu bhayenapi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tādise ṭhāne</span>ti mahāvihārasadisassa mahārāmassa pākāraparikkhitte pariveṇe. <span class="bld">Saññāṇaṃ katvā</span>ti ‘‘ettakā kahāpaṇā’’tiādinā rūpena vā lañchanādinimittena vā saññāṇaṃ katvā, sallakkhetvāti attho. <span class="bld">Patirūpānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ hatthe</span>ti lajjīnaṃ kukkuccakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ hatthe. Lolajātikānañhi hatthe ṭhapetuṃ na labbhati. <span class="bld">Neva pakkamatī</span>ti neva tamhā āvāsā pakkamati. <span class="bld">‘‘Thāvaraṃ senāsanaṃ vā’’</span>tiādinā attano cīvarādimūlaṃ na kātabbanti (pāci. aṭṭha. 506) dasseti. <span class="bld">Taṃ dassetvā</span>ti yaṃ thāvarasenāsanādi kataṃ, taṃ upāsaka tava santakena idaṃ nāma katanti evaṃ dassetvā. <span class="bld">Samādapetvā</span>ti aññaṃ samādapetvā, ‘‘uddissa ariyā tiṭṭhanti, esā ariyāna yācanā’’ti vuttanayena yācitvāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anuññātaṭṭhāne</span>ti ajjhārāmaajjhāvasathe. <span class="bld">Āmāsa</span>nti āmasitabbañceva paṭisāmetabbañca vatthādi.</p>
<p class="centered">Ratanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">3. Vikālagāmappavesanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cāritte</span>ti <a name="V0.0395"></a> cārittasikkhāpade. <span class="bld">Upacāra</span>nti dutiyaleḍḍupātaṃ. <span class="bld">Aññaṃ gāmaṃ gacchantānaṃ puna āpucchanakiccaṃ natthī</span>ti ussāhaṃ appaṭippassambhetvā aññaṃ gāmaṃ gacchantānaṃ gāmasatampi hotu, puna āpucchanakiccaṃ natthīti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sace panā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Ussāha</span>nti gāmappavisanussāhaṃ. <span class="bld">Antarārāmā</span>dīsu (pāci. aṭṭha. 515) na kevalaṃ anāpucchā gacchantasseva, kāyabandhanaṃ abandhitvā saṅghāṭiṃ apārupitvā gacchantassāpi anāpatti. <span class="bld">Āpadāsū</span>ti sīho vā byaggho vā āgacchati, megho vā uṭṭheti, añño vā koci upaddavo uppajjati<a name="M0.0430"></a>, anāpatti. Evarūpāsu āpadāsu bahigāmato antogāmaṃ pavisituṃ vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="centered">Vikālagāmappavesanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">4. Sūcigharasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Taṃ assa atthī</span>ti (sārattha. ṭī. pācittiya 3.517) paṭhamaṃ bhinditvā pacchā desetabbattā taṃ bhedanakaṃ assa pācittiyassa atthīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Araṇike</span>ti araṇidhanuke. <span class="bld">Vidhe</span>ti vedhake. <span class="bld">Vāsijaṭe</span>ti vāsidaṇḍake ca.</p>
<p class="centered">Sūcigharasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">5. Mañcapīṭhasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aṭṭhaṅgulapādaka</span>nti bhāvanapuṃsakaniddeso. <span class="bld">‘‘Chedanakaṃ bhedanakasadisamevā’’</span>ti iminā ‘‘chedanameva chedanakaṃ, taṃ assa atthīti chedanaka’’nti imamatthaṃ atidisati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yathā pamāṇameva upari dissati, evaṃ nikhaṇitvā vā</span>ti sace pana na chinditukāmo hoti, yathā pamāṇameva upari dissati, evaṃ bhūmiyaṃ nikhaṇitvā vā. <span class="bld">Aṭṭakaṃ vā bandhitvā</span>ti ukkhipitvā tulāsaṅghāte ṭhapetvā aṭṭaṃ katvā.</p>
<p class="centered">Mañcapīṭhasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">6. Tūlonaddhasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cimilikaṃ</span> <a name="V0.0396"></a> <span class="bld">pattharitvā tūlaṃ pakkhipitvā</span>ti mañcapīṭhānaṃ upari cimilikaṃ pattharitvā tassa upari tūlaṃ pakkhipitvāti attho. <span class="bld">Upari cimilikāyā</span>ti uparimabhāge cimilikāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sīsappamāṇa</span>nti <a name="M0.0431"></a> (cūḷava. aṭṭha. 297; sārattha. ṭī. cūḷavagga 3.297) yattha galavāṭakato paṭṭhāya sabbasīsaṃ upadahanti, taṃ sīsappamāṇaṃ. Tañca ukkaṭṭhaparicchedato tiriyaṃ muṭṭhiratanaṃ hoti, dīghato dviratananti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yassa vitthārato tīsu koṇesū’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Dvinnaṃ antaraṃ vidatthi caturaṅgulaṃ hotī</span>ti dvinnaṃ koṇānaṃ antaraṃ miniyamānaṃ vidatthi ceva caturaṅgulañca hoti. <span class="bld">Majjhe muṭṭhiratana</span>nti bibbohanassa majjhaṃ tiriyato muṭṭhiratanappamāṇaṃ hoti. Ayañhi sīsappamāṇassa ukkaṭṭhaparicchedo. Tato uddhaṃ na vaṭṭati, heṭṭhā vaṭṭati. Agilānassa sīsūpadhānañca pādūpadhānañcāti dvayameva vaṭṭati. Gilānassa bibbohanāni santharitvā upari paccattharaṇaṃ datvā nipajjitumpi vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="centered">Tūlonaddhasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">7. Nisīdanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sattamaṃ uttānameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Nisīdanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">8. Kaṇḍuppaṭicchādisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Adhonābhiubbhajāṇumaṇḍala</span>nti nābhiyā heṭṭhā jāṇumaṇḍalānaṃ upari. <span class="bld">Kaṇḍupīḷakaassāvathullakacchābādhāna</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">kaṇḍū</span>ti kacchu. <span class="bld">Pīḷakā</span>ti lohitatuṇḍikā sukhumapīḷakā. <span class="bld">Assāvo</span>ti arisabhagandalamadhumehānaṃ vasena asucipaggharaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Thullakacchābādho</span>ti mahāpīḷakābādho vuccati.</p>
<p class="centered">Kaṇḍuppaṭicchādisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">9-10. Vassikasāṭikanandasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Navamaṃ <a name="M0.0432"></a><a name="V0.0397"></a> dasamañca uttānameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Vassikasāṭikanandasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Ratanavaggo navamo.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti kaṅkhāvitaraṇiyā pātimokkhavaṇṇanāya</p>
<p class="centered">Vinayatthamañjūsāyaṃ līnatthappakāsaniyaṃ</p>
<p class="centered">Pācittiyavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter">Pāṭidesanīyakaṇḍaṃ</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Paṭhamapāṭidesanīyasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Antaragharaṃ</span> <a name="M0.0433"></a><a name="V0.0398"></a> <span class="bld">paviṭṭhāyā</span>ti rathikaṃ byūhaṃ siṅghāṭakaṃ gharaṃ paviṭṭhāya. <span class="bld">Asappāya</span>nti saggamokkhānaṃ ahitaṃ ananukūlaṃ. Bhikkhuniyā antaraghare ṭhatvā dadamānāya vasenettha āpatti veditabbā, bhikkhussa ṭhitaṭṭhānaṃ pana appamāṇaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘antaragharaṃ paviṭṭhāyāti vacanato’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Antarārāmādīsū</span>ti antarārāmabhikkhunupassayatitthiyaseyyāpaṭikkamanesu. <span class="bld">Rathiyābyūhasiṅghāṭakagharāna</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">rathiyā</span>ti racchā. <span class="bld">Byūha</span>nti anibbijjhitvā ṭhitā gatapaccāgataracchā. <span class="bld">Siṅghāṭaka</span>nti catukkoṇaṃ vā tikoṇaṃ vā maggasamodhānaṭṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Ghara</span>nti kulagharaṃ. Yathā ca rathiyādīsu ṭhatvā dadamānāya gaṇhato āpatti, evaṃ hatthisālādīsupi daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Yāmakālikādīsu paṭiggahaṇepi ajjhoharaṇepi dukkaṭa’’</span>nti idaṃ āmisena asambhinnaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ, sambhinne pana ekarase pāṭidesanīyameva. <span class="bld">Ekato upasampannāyā</span>ti bhikkhunīnaṃ santike upasampannāya, bhikkhūnaṃ santike upasampannāya pana yathāvatthukameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ñātikāya vā dāpentiyā</span>ti sayaṃ adatvā yāya kāyaci ñātikāya dāpentiyā, aññātikāyāti attho. <span class="bld">Upanikkhipitvā vā dadamānāyā</span>ti bhūmiyaṃ ṭhapetvā ‘‘idaṃ, ayya, tumhākaṃ dammī’’ti dadamānāya. Evaṃ dinnaṃ ‘‘sādhu, bhaginī’’ti sampaṭicchitvā tāya eva vā bhikkhuniyā, aññena vā kenaci paṭiggahāpetvā idaṃ bhuñjituṃ vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="centered">Paṭhamapāṭidesanīyasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">2. Dutiyapāṭidesanīyasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yo <a name="V0.0399"></a> ca paṭiggahetvā bhuñjatīti sambandho. <span class="bld">Attano vā bhattaṃ dāpentiyā</span>ti ettha sacepi attano bhattaṃ deti, iminā sikkhāpadena anāpattiyeva, purimasikkhāpadena āpatti. <span class="bld">Aññesaṃ vā bhattaṃ dentiyā</span>ti ettha <a name="M0.0434"></a> pana sace dāpeyya, iminā sikkhāpadena āpatti bhaveyya, dentiyā pana neva iminā, na purimena āpatti.</p>
<p class="centered">Dutiyapāṭidesanīyasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">3. Tatiyapāṭidesanīyasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Laddhasekkhasammutikānī</span>ti ñattidutiyena kammena laddhasekkhasammutikāni. Yañhi kulaṃ saddhāya vaḍḍhati, bhogena hāyati, evarūpassa kulassa ñattidutiyena kammena sekkhasammutiṃ denti, taṃ sandhāyetaṃ vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gharato nīharitvā</span>ti gharato āsanasālaṃ vā vihāraṃ vā ānetvā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘āsanasālādīsu vā’’</span>ti. Imassa ‘‘dentī’’ti iminā sambandho. <span class="bld">Dvāramūle vā ṭhapitaṃ dentī</span>ti dvāramūle ṭhapitaṃ pacchā sampattassa denti. Bhikkhuṃ pana disvā antogehato nīharitvā diyyamānaṃ na vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Niccabhattake</span>ti niccaṃ dātabbabhattake. <span class="bld">Salākabhatte</span>ti rukkhasāramayāya salākāya vā veḷuvilīvatālapaṇṇādimayāya paṭṭikāya vā ‘‘asukassa nāma salākabhatta’’nti evaṃ akkharāni upanibandhitvā gāhāpetvā dātabbabhatte. <span class="bld">Pakkhike</span>ti ekasmiṃ pakkhe ekadivase dātabbabhatte. <span class="bld">Uposathike</span>ti uposathe dātabbabhatte. <span class="bld">Pāṭipadike</span>ti pāṭipadadivase dātabbabhatte.</p>
<p class="centered">Tatiyapāṭidesanīyasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">4. Catutthapāṭidesanīyasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tassa parivāraṃ katvā, aññaṃ vā tena saddhiṃ bahukampī</span>ti yāguyā paṭisaṃviditaṃ katvā ‘‘kiṃ suddhāya yāguyā dinnāya, pūvabhattādīnipi etissā yāguyā parivāraṃ katvā, dassāmā’’tiādinā <a name="V0.0400"></a> tassa khādanīyassa vā bhojanīyassa vā parivāraṃ katvā, aññaṃ vā yaṃ kiñci tena saddhiṃ bahukampi āharīyatu. <span class="bld">Khādanīya</span>nti nidassanamattaṃ ‘‘bhojanīyaṃ vā’’tipi icchitabbattā. <span class="bld">Tena saddhiṃ āharantū</span>ti tena saddhiṃ attano deyyadhammaṃ āharantu. ‘‘Yāguyā <a name="M0.0435"></a> paṭisaṃviditaṃ katvā pūvaṃ vā bhattaṃ vā āharanti, etampi vaṭṭatī’’ti (pāci. aṭṭha. 573) <span class="bld">kurundiyaṃ</span> vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭisaṃviditagilānāvasesakaṃ vā</span>ti paṭisaṃviditañca gilāno ca <span class="bld">paṭisaṃviditagilānā,</span> tesaṃ avasesakaṃ, paṭisaṃviditassa ca gilānassa ca sesakanti attho. Ekassatthāya paṭisaṃviditaṃ katvā āhaṭaṃ, tassa sesakaṃ aññassāpi paribhuñjituṃ vaṭṭati. Catunnaṃ vā pañcannaṃ vā paṭisaṃviditaṃ katvā bahūnaṃ āhaṭaṃ hoti, aññesampi dātuṃ icchanti, etampi paṭisaṃviditasesakameva, sabbesampi vaṭṭati. Atha adhikameva hoti, sannidhiṃ mocetvā ṭhapitaṃ dutiyadivasepi vaṭṭati. Gilānassāhaṭāvasesepi eseva nayo. Yaṃ pana appaṭisaṃviditameva katvā ābhataṃ, taṃ bahiārāmaṃ pesetvā paṭisaṃviditaṃ kāretvā āharāpetabbaṃ, bhikkhūhi vā gantvā antarāmagge gahetabbaṃ. Yampi vihāramajjhena gacchanto vā vanacarakādayo vā vanato āharitvā denti, purimanayeneva paṭisaṃviditaṃ kāretabbaṃ. Katthaci pana potthakesu ‘‘paṭisaṃviditaṃ katvā āhaṭaṃ vā gilānāvasesakaṃ vā’’ti pāṭho dissati, so na gahetabbo. <span class="bld">Tatthajātakameva vā</span>ti ārāme jātakameva. <span class="bld">Mūlaphalādi</span>nti mūlaphalatacapattādiṃ aññena kappiyaṃ katvā dinnaṃ paribhuñjato anāpatti. Sace pana taṃ gāmaṃ haritvā pacitvā āharanti, na vaṭṭati. Paṭisaṃviditaṃ kāretabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Catutthapāṭidesanīyasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti kaṅkhāvitaraṇiyā pātimokkhavaṇṇanāya</p>
<p class="centered">Vinayatthamañjūsāyaṃ līnatthappakāsaniyaṃ</p>
<p class="centered">Pāṭidesanīyavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter">Sekhiyakaṇḍaṃ</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Parimaṇḍalasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Antaraghare’’ti <a name="M0.0436"></a><a name="V0.0401"></a> visesetvā na vuttattā <span class="bld">‘‘ārāmepi antaragharepi sabbatthā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ārāmepī</span>ti buddhūpaṭṭhānādikālaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Yathā ‘‘tatrime cattāro pārājikā dhammā uddesaṃ āgacchantī’’tiādinā tattha tattha paricchedo kato, evametthāpi ‘‘tatrime pañcasattati sekhiyā dhammā uddesaṃ āgacchantī’’ti kasmā paricchedo na katoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ettha cā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Vattakkhandhake vuttavattānipī</span>ti āgantukāvāsikagamikānumodanabhattaggapiṇḍacārikāraññasenāsanajantāgharavaccakuṭiupajjhācariyasaddhivihārikaantevāsikavattāni. Idañca nidassanamattaṃ aññesampi khandhakavattānaṃ ettheva saṅgahassa icchitabbattā. Ayañhettha adhippāyo – sekhiyaggahaṇena cettha <span class="bld">vattakkhandhakā</span>dīsu (cūḷava. 356 ādayo) āgatavattādīnampi gahaṇaṃ. Tepi hi sikkhitabbaṭṭhena <span class="bld">‘‘sekhiyā’’</span>ti icchitā. Tasmā mātikāyaṃ pārājikādīnaṃ viya sekhiyānaṃ paricchedo na katoti. Na kevalaṃ <span class="bld">vattakkhandhakā</span>dīsu (cūḷava. 356 ādayo) āgatavattādīnaṃ gahaṇatthamevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘cārittavinayadassanatthañcā’’</span>ti. Etthāpi <span class="bld">paricchedo na kato</span>ti ānetvā yojetabbaṃ. Mātikāya ‘‘dukkaṭa’’nti avutte kathaṃ panettha dukkaṭanti veditabbanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yo panā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aṭṭhaṅgulamatta</span>nti pakataṅgulena aṭṭhaṅgulamattaṃ. Yo pana sukkhajaṅgho vā mahāpiṇḍikamaṃso vā hoti, tassa sāruppatthāya aṭṭhaṅgulādhikampi otāretvā nivāsetuṃ vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pāsanta</span>nti pāsassa antaṃ, dasāmūlanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aparimaṇḍalaṃ nivāsessāmī</span>ti ‘‘purato vā pacchato vā olambetvā nivāsessāmī’’ti evaṃ <a name="V0.0402"></a> <span class="bld">asañcicca</span>. Kiñcāpi parimaṇḍalaṃ nivāsetuṃ ajānantassa anāpatti, tathāpi nivāsanavattaṃ sādhukaṃ uggahetabbameva. Sañcicca anuggahaṇañhi anādariyaṃ siyāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘apica nivāsanavattaṃ uggahetabba’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="centered">Parimaṇḍalasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">2. Dutiyaparimaṇḍalasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭikkhittaṃ</span> <a name="M0.0437"></a> <span class="bld">gihipāruta</span>nti khuddakavatthukhandhake paṭikkhittaṃ gihipārutaṃ. Idāni ‘‘na, bhikkhave’’tiādinā (cūḷava. 280-281) saṅkhepena vuttamatthameva vitthāretvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tatthā’’</span>tiādimāha. Yaṃ kiñci aññathā pārutanti sambandho. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā setapaṭapārutādi gihipārutaṃ nāma, tasmā. <span class="bld">Setapaṭā</span>ti etasseva vivaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Aḍḍhapālakanigaṇṭhā</span>ti aḍḍhaṃ pālentīti <span class="bld">aḍḍhapālakā,</span> aḍḍhapālakā ca te nigaṇṭhā cāti <span class="bld">aḍḍhapālakanigaṇṭhā</span>. Te hi upari ekameva setavatthaṃ upakacchake pavesetvā paridahanti, heṭṭhā naggāpi aḍḍhameva pālenti. <span class="bld">Paribbājakā</span>ti gihibandhanaṃ pahāya pabbajjūpagatā. <span class="bld">Uraṃ vivaritvā</span>ti hadayamajjhaṃ vivaritvā. <span class="bld">Akkhitārakāmatta</span>nti akkhimattaṃ. <span class="bld">Ārāme vā</span>ti buddhūpaṭṭhānādikālaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Antaraghare vā</span>ti antare gharāni ettha, etassāti vā <span class="bld">‘‘antaraghara’’</span>nti laddhanāme gāme.</p>
<p class="centered">Dutiyaparimaṇḍalasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">3-4. Suppaṭicchannasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Suṭṭhu paṭicchanno</span>ti jattumpi urampi avivaritvā paṭicchādetabbaṭṭhāne paṭicchādanena paṭicchanno, na sīsapāruto. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘gaṇṭhikaṃ paṭimuñcitvā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">gaṇṭhikaṃ paṭimuñcitvā</span>ti gaṇṭhikaṃ pāsake paṭimuñcitvā. <span class="bld">Antaraghare vā</span>ti gocaragāme. Ekadivasampi vāsūpagatassa santikaṃ yathāsukhaṃ gantuṃ vaṭṭati, ko pana vādo catuppañcāhaṃ vāsamadhiṭṭhāya vasitabhikkhūnaṃ santikanti gaṇṭhipade likhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vāsūpagatassā</span>ti <a name="V0.0403"></a> rattivāsatthāya upagatassa rattibhāge vā divasabhāge vā kāyaṃ vivaritvā nisīdato anāpatti.</p>
<p class="centered">Suppaṭicchannasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">5-6. Susaṃvutasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Susaṃvuto</span>ti <a name="M0.0438"></a> susaṃyato. Yathā panettha susaṃvuto nāma hoti, taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘hatthaṃ vā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Susaṃvutasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">7-8. Okkhittacakkhusikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kittakena pana okkhittacakkhu hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yugamattaṃ bhūmibhāgaṃ pekkhamāno’’</span>ti. Yugayuttako hi danto ājāneyyo yugamattaṃ pekkhati, purato catuhatthappamāṇaṃ bhūmibhāgaṃ, imināpi ettakaṃ pekkhantena gantabbaṃ. Yo anādariyaṃ paṭicca taṃ taṃ disābhāgaṃ pāsādaṃ kūṭāgāraṃ vīthiṃ olokento gacchati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. <span class="bld">Hatthiassādiparissayābhāva</span>nti parissayanaṭṭhena, abhibhavanaṭṭhena, viheṭhanaṭṭhena vā <span class="bld">parissayo,</span> hatthiassādiyeva parissayo <span class="bld">hatthiassādiparissayo,</span> tassābhāvaṃ, hatthiassādi upaddavābhāvanti attho. ‘‘Yathā ca ekasmiṃ ṭhāne ṭhatvā, evaṃ gacchantopi parissayābhāvaṃ oloketuṃ labhatiyeva, tathā gāme pūja’’nti (sārattha. ṭī. pācittiya 3.582) vadanti.</p>
<p class="centered">Okkhittacakkhusikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">9-10. Ukkhittakāyasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Antoindakhīlato paṭṭhāyā</span>ti parikkhittassa gāmassa antoummārato paṭṭhāya, aparikkhittassa pana dutiyaleḍḍupātato paṭṭhāya na evaṃ gantabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Ukkhittakāyasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">11-12. Ujjagghikasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Hasanīyasmiṃ</span> <a name="V0.0404"></a> <span class="bld">vatthusmi</span>nti nimittatthe bhummaṃ, hasitabbavatthukāraṇāti attho.</p>
<p class="centered">Ujjagghikasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">13-14. Uccasaddasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kittāvatā <a name="M0.0439"></a> appasaddo hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ayaṃ panetthā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Saddameva suṇātī</span>ti aparibyattakkharaṃ saddamattameva suṇāti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kathaṃ na vavatthapetī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="centered">Uccasaddasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">15-20. Kāyappacālakādisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Kāyādīni paggahetvā’’ti etasseva vivaraṇaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘niccalāni ujukāni ṭhapetvā’’</span>ti <span class="bld">gantabbañceva nisīditabbañcā</span>ti samena iriyāpathena gantabbañceva nisīditabbañca. Kāyappacālakādiyuttaṃ chakkaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Kāyappacālakādisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">26. Pallatthikasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dussapallatthikāyā</span>ti ettha āyogapallatthikāpi dussapallatthikāyeva.</p>
<p class="centered">Pallatthikasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Chabbīsatisāruppasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">27. Sakkaccapaṭiggahaṇasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Satiṃ</span> <a name="V0.0405"></a> <span class="bld">upaṭṭhāpetvā</span>ti chaḍḍetukāmo viya ahutvā piṇḍapāte satiṃ upaṭṭhāpetvā, ‘‘piṇḍapātaṃ gaṇhissāmī’’ti satiṃ upaṭṭhāpetvā.</p>
<p class="centered">Sakkaccapaṭiggahaṇasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">28. Pattasaññīpaṭiggahaṇasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upanibaddhasaññī</span> <a name="M0.0440"></a> <span class="bld">hutvā</span>ti piṇḍapātaṃ dente anādariyaṃ paṭicca tahaṃ tahaṃ anoloketvā patte ābhogasaññī hutvā.</p>
<p class="centered">Pattasaññīpaṭiggahaṇasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">29. Samasūpakapaṭiggahaṇasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samasūpaka</span>nti pamāṇayuttaṃ sūpavantaṃ katvā, bhāvanapuṃsakaniddeso cāyaṃ. Byañjanaṃ pana anādiyitvā atthamattameva dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘samasūpako nāmā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbāpi sūpeyyabyañjanavikatī</span>ti oloṇisākasūpeyyamacchamaṃsarasādikā sabbāpi sūpeyyabyañjanavikati.</p>
<p class="centered">Samasūpakapaṭiggahaṇasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">30-32. Samatittikādisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samatittika</span>nti bhāvanapuṃsakaniddeso, samatittikaṃ katvāti attho. Evamaññesupi īdisesu ṭhānesu attho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Samapuṇṇa</span>nti (sārattha. ṭī. pācittiya 3.605) pattassa antomukhavaṭṭilekhāsamapuṇṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Samabharita</span>nti etthāpi eseva nayo. Tañca kho adhiṭṭhānupagapattasseva, netarassa. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘adhiṭṭhānupagapattassā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Racita</span>nti kataṃ, pakkhittaṃ pūritanti attho. <span class="bld">Yaṃ kiñci yāvakālika</span>nti yāgubhattaphalāphalādiṃ yaṃ kiñci āmisajātikaṃ. <span class="bld">Yattha katthacīti</span> adhiṭṭhānupago vā hotu, anadhiṭṭhānupago vā yattha katthaci patte<a name="V0.0406"></a>. <span class="bld">Thūpīkatānī</span>ti thūpaṃ viya katāni, adhiṭṭhānupagassa pattassa antomukhavaṭṭilekhaṃ atikkamitvā katānīti attho. Idañca ‘‘yāmakālikādīnī’’ti imassa vasena vuttaṃ, ‘‘yāvakālika’’nti imassa pana vasena vacanabyattayaṃ katvā ‘‘thūpīkatampi vaṭṭatī’’ti yojetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Pi</span>-saddena athūpīkatāni vaṭṭantīti ettha kathāva natthīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Heṭṭhā orohatī</span>ti samantā okāsasabbhāvato cāliyamānaṃ heṭṭhā bhassati<a name="M0.0441"></a>. <span class="bld">Takkolavaṭaṃsakādayo</span>ti ettha matthake ṭhapitatakkolameva vaṭaṃsakasadisattā takkolavaṭaṃsakaṃ. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena pupphavaṭaṃsakakaṭukaphalādivaṭaṃsakānaṃ (pāci. aṭṭha. 605) gahaṇaṃ, na taṃ thūpīkataṃ nāma hoti pāṭekkaṃ bhājanattā paṇṇādīnaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Samatittikādisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">33-34. Sapadānasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sapadāna</span>nti (sārattha. ṭī. pācittiya 3.608) ettha <span class="bld">dānaṃ</span> vuccati avakhaṇḍanaṃ, apetaṃ dānato <span class="bld">apadānaṃ,</span> anavakhaṇḍanti attho, saha apadānena <span class="bld">sapadānaṃ,</span> avakhaṇḍanavirahitaṃ, anupaṭipāṭiyāti vuttaṃ hoti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tattha tattha odhiṃ akatvā anupaṭipāṭiyā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="centered">Sapadānasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">36. Odanappaṭicchādanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Māghātasamayādīsū</span>ti ettha yasmiṃ samaye ‘‘pāṇo na hantabbo’’ti rājāno bheriṃ carāpenti, ayaṃ <span class="bld">māghātasamayo</span> nāma. <span class="bld">Byañjanaṃ paṭicchādetvā dentī</span>ti byañjanaṃ channaṃ katvā denti.</p>
<p class="centered">Odanappaṭicchādanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">37. Sūpodanaviññattisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekādasame</span>ti sūpodanaviññattiyaṃ. Ettha pana yassa mukhe pakkhipitvā vippaṭisāre uppanne <a name="V0.0407"></a> puna uggiritukāmassāpi sace sahasā pavisati, ayaṃ <span class="bld">asañcicca paribhuñjati</span> nāma. Yo pana viññattampi aviññattampi ekasmiṃ ṭhāne ṭhitaṃ sahasā anupadhāretvā gahetvā bhuñjati, ayaṃ <span class="bld">asatiyā bhuñjati</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="centered">Sūpodanaviññattisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">38. Ujjhānasaññīsikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ujjhāyati <a name="M0.0442"></a> etenāti <span class="bld">ujjhānaṃ,</span> cittaṃ, tasmiṃ saññā <span class="bld">ujjhānasaññā</span>ti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ujjhānasaññī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Olokentassā</span>ti paresaṃ pattaṃ olokentassa.</p>
<p class="centered">Ujjhānasaññīsikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">39. Kabaḷasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Mayūraṇḍaṃ atimahanta’’nti vacanato mayūraṇḍappamāṇopi kabaḷo na vaṭṭati. Keci pana ‘‘mayūraṇḍato mahantova na vaṭṭati, na mayūraṇḍappamāṇo’’tipi vadanti, taṃ na gahetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Kukkuṭaṇḍaṃ atikhuddaka</span>nti etthāpi eseva nayo, gilānassa pana atikhuddakaṃ kabaḷaṃ karotopi anāpatti.</p>
<p class="centered">Kabaḷasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">41-42. Anāhaṭasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sakalaṃ hattha</span>nti sakalā aṅguliyo. <span class="bld">Hattha</span>saddo cettha tadekadesesu aṅgulīsu daṭṭhabbo ‘‘hatthamuddā’’tiādīsu viya. Evañca katvā sabbaggahaṇaṃ samatthitaṃ hoti. Aññathā sakalaṃ hatthaṃ mukhe pavesetumasakkuṇeyyattā sabbaggahaṇamasamatthitameva siyā. Samudāye pavattassa ca vohārassa avayavepi pavattanato ekaṅgulimpi tato ekadesampi mukhe pakkhipituṃ na vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="centered">Anāhaṭasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">43. Sakabaḷasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tattake</span> <a name="V0.0408"></a> <span class="bld">sati vaṭṭatī</span>ti tattake mukhamhi sati kathetuṃ vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="centered">Sakabaḷasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">50-51. Capucapukārakasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Capu</span> <a name="M0.0443"></a> <span class="bld">capū’’ti evaṃ saddaṃ katvā</span>ti ‘‘capu capū’’ti evaṃ anukaraṇasaddaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">‘‘Pañcavīsatimepi eseva nayo’’</span>ti iminā <span class="bld">‘‘surusurukāraka</span>nti ‘surū surū’ti evaṃ saddaṃ katvā’’ti imamatthamatidisati.</p>
<p class="centered">Capucapukārakasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Tiṃsabhojanappaṭisaṃyuttasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">57. Chattapāṇisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yaṃ kiñci chatta</span>nti setacchattakilañjacchattapaṇṇacchattesu yaṃ kiñci chattaṃ. Yampi tatthajātakadaṇḍakena kataṃ ekapaṇṇacchattaṃ hoti, tampi chattameva. <span class="bld">Yattha katthaci sarīrāvayave</span>ti aṃsaūruādike yattha katthaci sarīrāvayaveti.</p>
<p class="centered">Chattapāṇisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">60. Āvudhapāṇisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbāpi dhanuvikatī</span>ti cāpakodaṇḍādibhedā sabbāpi dhanuvikati. <span class="bld">Cāpo</span>ti (sārattha. ṭī. pācittiya 3.637) majjhe vaṅkā kājadaṇḍasadisā dhanuvikati. <span class="bld">Kodaṇḍo</span>ti vaṭṭaladaṇḍā dhanuvikati. <span class="bld">Paṭimukka</span>nti pavesitaṃ laggitaṃ. <span class="bld">Yāva na gaṇhātī</span>ti yāva hatthena na gaṇhāti, ayameva vā pāṭho. <span class="bld">Tāva vaṭṭatī</span>ti tāva dhammaṃ desetuṃ vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="centered">Āvudhapāṇisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">61-62. Pādukasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kevalaṃ</span> <a name="V0.0409"></a> <span class="bld">akkantassā</span>ti kevalaṃ pādukaṃ akkamitvā ṭhitassa. <span class="bld">Paṭimukkassā</span>ti paṭimuñcitvā ṭhitassa. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘pavesetvā ṭhānavasenā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="centered">Pādukasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">63. Yānasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yānagatassā</span>ti <a name="M0.0444"></a> ‘‘yānaṃ nāma vayhaṃ, ratho, sakaṭaṃ, sandhamānikā, sivikā, pāṭaṅkī’’ti (pāci. 640, 1187) vuttaṃ yānaṃ upādāya antamaso hatthasaṅghāṭamhi gatassa. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sacepi dvīhi janehī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Vayhādike</span>ti ettha vayhanti upari maṇḍapasadisaṃ padaracchadanaṃ, sabbapāliguṇṭhimaṃ vā chādetvā kataṃ sakaṭavisesaṃ ‘‘vayha’’nti vadanti. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena rathādīnaṃ gahaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Yānasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">75. Udakeuccārasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pakiṇṇaka</span>nti vomissakanayaṃ. <span class="bld">Sacittaka</span>nti (sārattha. ṭī. pācittiya 3.576) vatthuvijānanacittena, paṇṇattivijānanacittena ca sacittakaṃ. ‘‘Anādariyaṃ paṭiccā’’ti (pāci. 654) vuttattā yasmā anādariyavaseneva āpajjitabbato idaṃ sabbaṃ kevalaṃ akusalameva, tañca pakatiyā vajjaṃ, sañcicca vītikkamanañca domanassikasseva hoti, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘lokavajjaṃ akusalacittaṃ dukkhavedana’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. Sesesupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="centered">Ekūnavīsatidhammadesanāpaṭisaṃyuttasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti kaṅkhāvitaraṇiyā pātimokkhavaṇṇanāya</p>
<p class="centered">Vinayatthamañjūsāyaṃ līnatthappakāsaniyaṃ</p>
<p class="centered">Sekhiyavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">Adhikaraṇasamathavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gaṇanaparicchedo</span>ti <a name="V0.0410"></a> saṅkhyāparicchedo. Adhikarīyanti etthāti <span class="bld">adhikaraṇāni</span>. Ke adhikarīyanti? Samathā. Kathaṃ adhikarīyanti? Samanavasena. Tasmā te tesaṃ samanavasena pavattantīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘adhikaraṇāni samentī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Uppannānaṃ uppannāna</span>nti uṭṭhitānaṃ uṭṭhitānaṃ. Kiñcāpi <a name="M0.0445"></a> adhikaraṇaṭṭhena ekavidhaṃ, tathāpi vatthuvasena nānā hotīti ‘‘adhikaraṇāna’’nti bahuvacanaṃ kataṃ. Idāni tassa nānāttaṃ dassetvā vivarituṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vivādādhikaraṇa’’</span>ntiādimāha. Vivādoyeva adhikaraṇaṃ <span class="bld">vivādādhikaraṇaṃ</span>. Esa nayo sesesupi. <span class="bld">Samathattha</span>nti samanatthaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Adhikaraṇassa sammukhā vinayanato <span class="bld">sammukhāvinayo</span>. Dabbamallaputtattherasadisassa sativepullappattassa khīṇāsavasseva dātabbo vinayo <span class="bld">sativinayo</span>. Sammūḷhassa gaggabhikkhusadisassa ummattakassa dātabbo vinayo <span class="bld">amūḷhavinayo</span>. Paṭiññātena karaṇabhūtena karaṇaṃ <span class="bld">paṭiññātakaraṇaṃ</span>. Atha vā paṭiññāte āpannabhāvādike karaṇaṃ kiriyā, ‘‘āyatiṃ saṃvareyyāsī’’ti parivāsadānādivasena ca pavattaṃ vacīkammaṃ paṭiññātakaraṇaṃ. Yassā kiriyāya dhammavādino bahutarā, esā <span class="bld">yebhuyyasikā</span> nāma. Yo pāpussannatāya <span class="bld">pāpiyo,</span> puggalo, tassa upavāḷabhikkhusadisassa kattabbato <span class="bld">tassapāpiyasikā,</span> aluttasamāsoyaṃ. Tiṇavatthārakasadisattā <span class="bld">tiṇavatthārako</span>. Yathā (cūḷava. aṭṭha. 212) hi gūthaṃ vā muttaṃ vā ghaṭṭiyamānaṃ duggandhatāya bādhati, tiṇehi avattharitvā suppaṭicchāditassa panassa gandho na bādhati, evameva yaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ mūlānumūlaṃ gantvā vūpasamiyamānaṃ kakkhaḷattāya vāḷattāya bhedāya saṃvattati, taṃ iminā kammena vūpasantaṃ gūthaṃ viya tiṇavatthārakena paṭicchannaṃ suvūpasantaṃ hoti. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘tiṇavatthārakasadisattā tiṇavatthārako’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tatrā</span>ti tesu sattasu adhikaraṇasamathesu. <span class="bld">‘‘Aṭṭhārasahi vatthūhī’’</span>ti lakkhaṇavacanametaṃ ‘‘yadi me byādhikā bhaveyyuṃ, dātabbamidamosadha’’ntiādinā (saṃ. ni. ṭī. 2.3.39-42) viya. Tasmā tesu aññatarena vivadantā aṭṭhārasahi vatthūhi vivadantīti vuccati. <span class="bld">Vivādo</span>ti vipaccanīkavādo. <span class="bld">Upavadanā</span>ti akkoso. <span class="bld">Codanā</span>ti anuyogo. <span class="bld">Dve</span>ti thullaccayadubbhāsitāpattiyo <a name="V0.0411"></a> dve. <span class="bld">Catunnaṃ kammānaṃ karaṇa</span>nti catunnaṃ kammānaṃ antare yassa kassaci kammassa karaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ adhikaraṇāni dassetvā idāni tesu idaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ ettakehi samathehi sammatīti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tatthā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Yasmiṃ vihāre uppannaṃ<a name="M0.0446"></a>, tasmiṃyeva vā sammatīti sambandho. Evaṃ sesesupi. Tattha <span class="bld">yasmiṃ vihāre uppanna</span>nti ‘‘yasmiṃ vihāre mayhaṃ iminā patto gahito, cīvaraṃ gahita’’ntiādinā (pari. aṭṭha. 341) nayena pattacīvarādīnaṃ atthāya vivādādhikaraṇaṃ uppannaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Tasmiṃyeva vā sammatī</span>ti tasmiṃ vihāreyeva āvāsikehi sannipatitvā ‘‘alaṃ, āvuso’’ti atthapaccatthike saññāpetvā pāḷimuttakavinicchayeneva vūpasamentehi sammati. Sace pana taṃ adhikaraṇaṃ nevāsikā vūpasametuṃ na sakkonti, athañño vinayadharo āgantvā ‘‘kiṃ, āvuso, imasmiṃ vihāre uposatho vā pavāraṇā vā ṭhitā’’ti pucchati, tehi ca tasmiṃ kāraṇe kathite taṃ adhikaraṇaṃ khandhakato ca parivārato ca suttena vinicchinitvā vūpasameti. Evampi etasmiṃyeva sammatīti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aññattha vūpasametuṃ gacchantānaṃ antarāmagge vā sammatī</span>ti ‘‘na mayaṃ etassa vinicchaye tiṭṭhāma, nāyaṃ vinaye kusalo, amukasmiṃ nāma gāme vinayadharā therā vasanti, tattha gantvā vinicchinissāmā’’ti gacchantānaṃ antarāmagge vā kāraṇaṃ sallakkhetvā aññamaññaṃ saññāpentehi, aññehi vā te bhikkhū nijjhāpentehi sammati. Na heva kho pana aññamaññasaññattiyā vā sabhāgabhikkhunijjhāpanena vā vūpasantaṃ hoti, apica kho paṭipathaṃ āgacchanto eko vinayadharo disvā ‘‘katthāvuso, gacchathā’’ti pucchitvā ‘‘amukaṃ nāma gāmaṃ iminā nāma karaṇenā’’ti vutte ‘‘alaṃ, āvuso, kiṃ tattha gatenā’’ti tattheva dhammena vinayena taṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasameti. Evampi antarāmagge vūpasammati nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yattha gantvā saṅghassa niyyātitaṃ, tattha saṅghena vā</span>ti sace pana ‘‘alaṃ, āvuso, kiṃ tattha gatenā’’ti vuccamānāpi ‘‘mayaṃ tattheva gantvā vinicchayaṃ pāpessāmā’’ti (pari. aṭṭha. 341) vinayadharassa vacanaṃ anādiyitvā yattha gantvā sabhāgabhikkhusaṅghassa adhikaraṇaṃ niyyātitaṃ, tattha saṅghena ‘‘alaṃ, āvuso, saṅghasannipātaṃ nāma garuka’’nti tattheva nisīditvā vinicchitaṃ sammati. Na heva kho pana sabhāgabhikkhūnaṃ saññattiyā vūpasantaṃ hoti, apica kho saṅghaṃ sannipātetvā ārocitaṃ saṅghamajjhe vinayadharā vūpasamenti. Evampi tattha saṅghena vinicchitaṃ sammati nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ubbāhikāya</span> <a name="M0.0447"></a><a name="V0.0412"></a> <span class="bld">sammatapuggalehi vā vinicchita</span>nti apaloketvā vā khandhake vuttāya vā ñattidutiyakammavācāya sammatehi puggalehi visuṃ vā nisīditvā, tassāyeva vā parisāya ‘‘aññena na kiñci kathetabba’’nti (cūḷava. aṭṭha. 231) sāvetvā vinicchitaṃ. <span class="bld">Aya</span>nti ayaṃ yathāvuttā catubbidhā sammukhatā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kārakasaṅghassā</span>ti vūpasametuṃ sannipatitassa kārakasaṅghassa. <span class="bld">Saṅghasāmaggivasena sammukhībhāvo</span>ti ‘‘yāvatikā bhikkhū kammappattā, te āgatā honti, chandārahānaṃ chando āhaṭo hoti, sammukhībhūtā na paṭikkosantī’’ti (cūḷava. 228) evaṃ vuttasaṅghasāmaggivasena sammukhībhāvo, etena yathā tathā padhānakārakapuggalānaṃ sammukhatāmattaṃ saṅghasammukhatā nāma na hotīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Bhūtatā</span>ti tacchatā. Saccapariyāyo hi idha <span class="bld">dhamma</span>saddo ‘‘dhammavādī’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 1.9, 194) viya. Vineti etenāti <span class="bld">vinayo,</span> tassa tassa adhikaraṇassa vūpasamanāya bhagavatā vuttavidhi, tassa vinayassa sammukhatā <span class="bld">vinayasammukhatā</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yathā taṃ…pe… vinayasammukhatā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Yenā</span>ti yena puggalena. <span class="bld">Atthapaccatthikāna</span>nti (sārattha. ṭī. cūḷavagga 3.228) vivādavatthusaṅkhāte atthe paccatthikānaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṅghasammukhatā parihāyati</span> sammatapuggaleheva vūpasamanato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na</span>nti vivādādhikaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Pañcaṅgasamannāgata</span>nti (cūḷava. 234) ‘‘na chandāgatiṃ gacchati, na dosāgatiṃ gacchati, na mohāgatiṃ gacchati, na bhayāgatiṃ gacchati, gahitāgahitaṃ jānātī’’ti vuttehi pañcahaṅgehi samannāgataṃ. <span class="bld">Gūḷhakavivaṭakasakaṇṇajappakesu tīsu salākaggāhesū</span>ti ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ saññattiyā tayo salākaggāhake gūḷhakaṃ, vivaṭakaṃ, sakaṇṇajappaka’’nti (cūḷava. 235) <span class="bld">samathakkhandhake</span> vuttesu tīsu salākaggāhesu. <span class="bld">Salākaṃ gāhetvā</span>ti dhammavādīnañca adhammavādīnañca salākāyo nimittasaññaṃ āropetvā cīvarabhoge katvā samathakkhandhake vuttanayena gāhāpetvā. Evañhi tattha <span class="bld">vuttaṃ</span> –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, gūḷhako salākaggāho hoti? Tena salākaggāhāpakena bhikkhunā salākāyo vaṇṇāvaṇṇāyo katvā ekameko bhikkhu upasaṅkamitvā evamassa vacanīyo <a name="M0.0448"></a> ‘ayaṃ evaṃvādissa salākā, ayaṃ evaṃvādissa salākā, yaṃ icchasi, taṃ gaṇhāhī’ti. Gahite vattabbo ‘mā ca kassaci dassehī’ti. Sace jānāti ‘adhammavādī bahutarā’ti, ‘duggaho’ti paccukkaḍḍhitabbaṃ. Sace jānāti ‘dhammavādī bahutarā’ti<a name="V0.0413"></a>, ‘suggaho’ti sāvetabbaṃ. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, gūḷhako salākaggāho hoti.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, vivaṭako salākaggāho hoti? Sace jānāti ‘dhammavādī bahutarā’ti, vissaṭṭheneva vivaṭena gāhetabbo. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, vivaṭako salākaggāho hoti.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, sakaṇṇajappako salākaggāho hoti? Tena salākaggāhāpakena bhikkhunā ekamekassa bhikkhuno upakaṇṇake ārocetabbaṃ ‘ayaṃ evaṃvādissa salākā, ayaṃ evavādissa salākā, yaṃ icchasi, taṃ gaṇhāhī’ti. Gahite vattabbo ‘mā ca kassaci ārocehī’ti. Sace jānāti ‘adhammavādī bahutarā’ti, ‘duggaho’ti paccukkaḍḍhitabbaṃ. Sace jānāti ‘dhammavādī bahutarā’ti, ‘suggaho’ti sāvetabbaṃ. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, sakaṇṇajappako salākaggāho hotī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca alajjussannāya (cūḷava. aṭṭha. 235) parisāya gūḷhako salākaggāho kātabbo, lajjussannāya vivaṭako, bālussannāya sakaṇṇajappakoti veditabbo. <span class="bld">Dhammavādīnaṃ yebhuyyatāyā</span>ti dhammavādīnaṃ ekenapi adhikatāya, ko pana vādo dvīhi tīhi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Catūhi samathehi sammatī’’</span>ti idaṃ sabbasaṅgāhakavasena vuttaṃ, tattha pana dvīhi eva vūpasamanaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Evaṃ vinicchita</span>nti sace āpatti natthi, ubho khamāpetvā, atha atthi, āpattiṃ dassetvā ropanavasena vinicchitaṃ. Paṭikammaṃ pana āpattādhikaraṇasamathe parato āgamissatīti. Na samaṇasāruppaṃ <span class="bld">assāmaṇakaṃ,</span> samaṇehi akattabbaṃ, tasmiṃ. <span class="bld">Ajjhācāre</span> vītikkame sati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pārājikasāmantena</span> <a name="M0.0449"></a> <span class="bld">vā</span>ti dukkaṭena vā thullaccayena vā. Methunadhamme hi pārājikasāmantā nāma dukkaṭaṃ hoti, adinnādānādīsu thullaccayaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭicarato</span>ti paṭicchādentassa. <span class="bld">Acchinnamūlo bhavissatī</span>ti pārājikaṃ anāpanno bhavissati, sīlavā bhavissatīti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Sammā vattitvā</span>ti vattaṃ pūretvā. <span class="bld">Osāraṇaṃ labhissatī</span>ti kammappaṭippassaddhiṃ labhissati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti <a name="V0.0414"></a> āpattādhikaraṇassa. <span class="bld">Sammukhāvinayeneva vūpasamo natthi</span> paṭiññāya, tathārūpāya khantiyā vā vinā avūpasamanato. Yā pana paṭiññāti sambandho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti āpattidesanāyaṃ. <span class="bld">Siyā</span>ti avassaṃ. <span class="bld">Kakkhaḷattāya vāḷattāyā</span>ti kakkhaḷabhāvāya ceva vāḷabhāvāya ca. <span class="bld">Thullavajja</span>nti pārājikañceva saṅghādisesañca. <span class="bld">Gihippaṭisaṃyutta</span>nti gihīnaṃ hīnena khuṃsanavambhanadhammikappaṭissavesu āpannaṃ āpattiṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yathānurūpa</span>nti ‘‘dvīhi samathehi, tīhi, catūhi, ekenā’’ti evaṃ vuttanayeneva yathānurūpaṃ. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti imasmiṃ samathādhikāre. <span class="bld">Vinicchayanayo</span>ti vinicchayanayamattaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vitthāro panā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti vitthārassa. <span class="bld">Samantapāsādikāyaṃ vutto</span>ti samantapāsādikāya nāma vinayaṭṭhakathāyaṃ vutto. Tasmā tattha vuttanayeneva veditabboti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ettaka</span>nti etaṃparamaṃ, na ito bhiyyo.</p>
<p class="centered">Adhikaraṇasamathavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti kaṅkhāvitaraṇiyā pātimokkhavaṇṇanāya</p>
<p class="centered">Vinayatthamañjūsāyaṃ līnatthappakāsaniyaṃ</p>
<p class="centered">Bhikkhupātimokkhavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered"> Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa</p>
<p class="chapter">Bhikkhunīpātimokkhavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="chapter">Pārājikakaṇḍaṃ</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nātho <a name="M0.0451"></a><a name="V0.0415"></a> bhikkhunīnaṃ hitatthāya yaṃ pātimokkhaṃ pakāsayīti sambandho. Tattha <span class="bld">pakāsayī</span>ti desayi, paññāpayīti attho.</p>
<p class="title">Sādhāraṇapārājikaṃ</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Methunadhammasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Abhilāpamatta</span>nti vacanamattaṃ, na atthoti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Liṅgabhedamatta</span>nti purisaliṅgaṃ itthiliṅganti visesamattaṃ. <span class="bld">Viseso</span>ti nānāttaṃ. <span class="bld">Chandena cevā</span>ti pemena ceva, sinehena cevāti attho<a name="V0.0416"></a>. <span class="bld">Ruciyā cā</span>ti icchāya ca. <span class="bld">Padhaṃsitāyā</span>ti dūsitāya. Paripuṇṇā upasampadā yassā sā <span class="bld">paripuṇṇūpasampadā,</span> ubhatosaṅghena upasampannāti attho.</p>
<p class="centered">Methunadhammasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">Asādhāraṇapārājikaṃ</p>
<p class="subhead">5. Ubbhajāṇumaṇḍalasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ubbhakappara</span>nti dutiyamahāsandhito uddhaṃ. <span class="bld">Ito cito ca sañcaraṇa</span>nti hatthassa vā kāyassa vā tiriyaṃ ito cito ca sañcaraṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekatoavassute</span>ti (pāci. aṭṭha. 662) bhikkhuniyā avassave, bhikkhuniyā kāyasaṃsaggarāgena avassutabhāve satīti attho. Bhikkhuniyā vaseneva ca ekatoavassutabhāvo gahetabbo. Vuttañhetaṃ <span class="bld">samantapāsādikāyaṃ</span> (pāci. aṭṭha. 662) –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Ekatoavassuteti <a name="M0.0452"></a> ettha kiñcāpi ‘ekato’ti avisesena vuttaṃ, tathāpi bhikkhuniyā eva avassute sati ayaṃ āpattibhedo vuttoti veditabbo’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Purisassa kāya</span>nti purisassa yaṃ kañci kāyaṃ. <span class="bld">Ubhatoavassutepī</span>ti bhikkhuniyā ceva purisassa ca kāyasaṃsaggarāgena avassutabhāve satipi. <span class="bld">Kāyenā</span>ti yathāparicchinnena attano kāyena. <span class="bld">Kāyappaṭibaddha</span>nti purisassa kāyappaṭibaddhaṃ. <span class="bld">Avasesakāyena vā</span>ti yathāparicchinnakāyato avasesena kāyena, ubbhakkhakaadhojāṇumaṇḍalaadhokapparasaṅkhātena kāyenāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Tassa kāya</span>nti avassutassa tassa purisassa yaṃ kañci kāyaṃ. Yathā cettha sayaṃ āmasantiyā thullaccayaṃ, evaṃ tassa āmasanaṃ sādiyantiyāpīti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Purisassa kāyasaṃsaggarāgo natthī</span>ti purisassa methunarāgo, gehasitapemaṃ, suddhacittaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Avasese</span>ti pārājikakhettato avasese. <span class="bld">Kāyappaṭibaddhena kāyappaṭibaddhādibhede</span>ti ‘‘kāyappaṭibaddhena kāyappaṭibaddhaṃ āmasati, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’tiādike <a name="V0.0417"></a> (pāci. 659, 662) sabbavāre. <span class="bld">‘‘Asañciccā’’</span>tiādīsu virajjhitvā vā āmasantiyā, aññavihitāya vā, ‘‘ayaṃ puriso’’ti vā ‘‘itthī’’ti vā ajānantiyā vā, tena phuṭṭhāyapi taṃ phassaṃ assādayantiyā vā āmasanepi sati anāpatti.</p>
<p class="centered">Ubbhajāṇumaṇḍalasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">6. Vajjappaṭicchādikāsikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pārājikaṃ dhammaṃ ajjhāpanna</span>nti bhikkhūhi sādhāraṇānaṃ catunnaṃ, asādhāraṇānaṃ catunnañcāti aṭṭhannamaññataraṃ ajjhāpannaṃ. Idañca pārājikaṃ (pāci. aṭṭha. 666) pacchā paññattaṃ, saṅgītikārakācariyehi pana purimena saddhiṃ yugaḷaṃ katvā imasmiṃ okāse ṭhapitanti veditabbaṃ. ‘‘Aṭṭhannaṃ pārājikānaṃ aññatara’’nti (pāci. 666) vacanato pana vajjappaṭicchādikaṃ yā paṭicchādeti, sāpi vajjappaṭicchādikā evāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Kiñcāpi vajjappaṭicchādanaṃ pemavasena hoti, tathāpi <a name="M0.0453"></a> sikkhāpadavītikkamacittaṃ domanassameva hotīti katvā dukkhavedanaṃ hotīti <span class="bld">‘‘tatra hi pācittiyaṃ…pe… sesaṃ tādisamevā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Vajjappaṭicchādikāsikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">7. Ukkhittānuvattikāsikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Satthusāsanenā</span>ti ñattisampadāya ceva anussāvanasampadāya ca. Idha pana codanāsāraṇāpubbakameva ñattianussāvanaṃ satthusāsananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘idhāpī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Karaṇa</span>nti ñattiṭṭhapanañceva anussāvanāvacanañca. <span class="bld">Anādara</span>nti puggale ceva dhamme ca ādaravirahitaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yenā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Tattha pariyāpannagaṇe vā</span>ti tasmiṃ saṅghe pariyāpanne sambahulapuggalasaṅkhāte gaṇe vā. <span class="bld">‘‘Sammāvattanāya avattamānanti attho’’</span>ti iminā adhippāyattho vutto. <span class="bld">Ekakammādike</span>ti ekakammaekuddesasamasikkhātāya. <span class="bld">Saha ayanabhāvenā</span>ti saha vattanabhāvena. Samāno saṃvāso etesanti <span class="bld">samānasaṃvāsakā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Idāni</span> yena saṃvāsena te ‘‘samānasaṃvāsakā’’ti (pāci. aṭṭha. 669) vuttā, so saṃvāso <a name="V0.0418"></a> tassa ukkhittakassa tehi saddhiṃ natthi, yehi ca saddhiṃ tassa so saṃvāso natthi, na tena te bhikkhū attano sahāyā katā honti, tasmā so <span class="bld">akatasahāyo</span> nāmāti imamatthaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yassa panā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Evaṃ padavaṇṇanaṃ katvā idāni atthamattaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘samānasaṃvāsakabhāvaṃ anupagatanti attho’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Kiṃ taṃ anuvattananti kassaci āsaṅkā siyāti taṃ sarūpato dassento <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃdiṭṭhiko so hotī’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">so</span>ti yo ukkhittako, so.</p>
<p class="centered">Ukkhittānuvattikāsikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">8. Aṭṭhavatthukāsikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Lokassādamittasanthavavasenā</span>ti (sārattha. ṭī. pācittiya 3.675) lokassādasaṅkhātassa mittasanthavassa vasena. Kiṃ tanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kāyasaṃsaggarāgenā’’</span>ti. Kāyasaṃsaggarāgeneva <a name="M0.0454"></a> tintā idha avassutā nāma, na methunarāgenāti. Kathametaṃ viññāyatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ayameva hī’’</span>tiādi. Kiṃ panettha kāraṇanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘samantapāsādikāyaṃ panassa vicāraṇā katā’’</span>ti. Tatthāyaṃ vicāraṇā – ettha ca <span class="bld">asaddhammo</span>ti kāyasaṃsaggova veditabbo, na methunadhammo. Na hi methunassa sāmantā thullaccayaṃ hoti. ‘‘Viññū paṭibalo kāyasaṃsaggaṃ samāpajjitu’’nti (pāci. 676) vacanampi cettha sādhakanti. Yaṃ yena kataṃ, taṃ tasseva hotīti. <span class="bld">Purisapuggalassā</span>ti sāmivacananti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ purisapuggalenā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">hattho</span>ti attano hattho. Na kevalañcettha <span class="bld">hatthaggahaṇa</span>nti ‘‘hattho nāma kapparaṃ upādāya yāva agganakhā’’ti (pāci. 676) vuttassa hatthasseva gahaṇaṃ, atha kho tassa ca aññassapi apārājikakhettassa gahaṇaṃ ekajjhaṃ katvā ‘‘hatthaggahaṇa’’nti vuttaṃ. Tathā <span class="bld">saṅghāṭikaṇṇaggahaṇa</span>nti na kevalaṃ saṅghāṭikaṇṇasseva gahaṇaṃ, atha kho tassa ca aññassapi yassa kassaci cīvarappadesassa gahaṇaṃ vuttanti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ettha ca yassa kassacī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Itthannāmaṃ ṭhāna</span>nti evaṃnāmakaṃ ṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Paṭipāṭiyā vā uppaṭipāṭiyā vā pūretvā’’</span>ti idaṃ nidassanamattaṃ. Tasmā paṭipāṭiyā vā uppaṭipāṭiyā vā ekantarikāya vā yena tena nayena pūretvāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tā āpattiyo</span>ti tā āpannā āpattiyo. Yathā cekekasmiṃ vatthusmiṃ evaṃ visuṃ visuṃ sattasu vatthūsu satakkhattumpi vītikkantesu tā āpattiyo desetvā muccati. <span class="bld">Gaṇanūpikā</span>ti desitagaṇanaṃ <a name="V0.0419"></a> upagacchati. <span class="bld">Dhuranikkhepaṃ katvā</span>ti ‘‘aññaṃ vatthuṃ āpajjissāmī’’ti ussāhaṃ ṭhapetvā.</p>
<p class="centered">Aṭṭhavatthukāsikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti kaṅkhāvitaraṇiyā pātimokkhavaṇṇanāya</p>
<p class="centered">Vinayatthamañjūsāyaṃ līnatthappakāsaniyaṃ</p>
<p class="centered">Bhikkhunipātimokkhe pārājikavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter">Saṅghādisesakaṇḍaṃ</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Ussayavādikāsikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mānussayavasena</span> <a name="M0.0455"></a><a name="V0.0420"></a> <span class="bld">kodhūssayavasenā</span>ti bāhullanayena vuttaṃ. Teneva vakkhati ‘‘ticittaṃ tivedana’’nti. <span class="bld">Aḍḍakaraṇatthāyā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">aḍḍo</span>ti vohārikavinicchayo vuccati. Yaṃ pabbajitā ‘‘adhikaraṇa’’ntipi vadanti, tassa karaṇatthāya vohārikavinicchayatthāyāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Vītikkamakkhaṇeyevā</span>ti vatthujjhācārakkhaṇeyeva, na tatiyāya samanubhāsanāyāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Bhikkhuniṃ saṅghato nissāretī</span>ti āpannaṃ bhikkhuniṃ bhikkhunisaṅghamhā nissāreti. Hetumhi cāyaṃ kattuvohāro ‘‘nissāraṇahetubhūtadhammo ‘nissāraṇīyo’ti vutto’’ti katvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yattha ṭhitāyā</span>ti upassayabhikkhācāramaggādīsu yasmiṃ ṭhāne ṭhitāya. <span class="bld">Tato paṭṭhāya gacchantiyā</span>ti tato paṭṭhāya vohārikānaṃ santikaṃ gacchantiyā. <span class="bld">Dutiye</span>ti dutiyārocane. <span class="bld">Tenā</span>ti upāsakena. <span class="bld">Evaṃ vuttāyā</span>ti ‘‘mama ca tava ca kathaṃ tvaṃyeva ārocehī’’ti vuttāya. <span class="bld">Aññena kathāpetī</span>ti kappiyakārakena kathāpeti. <span class="bld">Yathā vā tathā vā hi ārociyamāne</span>ti kappiyakārako vā bhikkhuniyā kathaṃ paṭhamaṃ ārocetu, itaro vā attano kathaṃ (pāci. aṭṭha. 679). Kappiyakārako vā ubhinnampi kathaṃ, itaro vā ubhinnampi kathaṃ ārocetūti evaṃ yathā tathā ārociyamāne. <span class="bld">Ubhinnampi pana kathaṃ sutvā</span>ti yathā tathā vā ārocitaṃ pana ubhinnampi kathaṃ sutvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ākaḍḍhiyamānā gacchatī</span>ti vuccamānā vohārikānaṃ santikaṃ gacchati, imassa ‘‘tassā anāpattī’’ti iminā sambandho. Evaṃ sesesupi. <span class="bld">Rakkhaṃ yācatī</span>ti dhammikaṃ rakkhaṃ yācati. Idāni yathā yācitā rakkhā dhammikā hoti, taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘upassaye aññehi kataṃ anācāraṃ anodissa ācikkhantī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Tattha atītaṃ ārabbha atthi odissa ācikkhanā (pāci. aṭṭha. 679), atthi <a name="V0.0421"></a> anodissa ācikkhanā, anāgataṃ ārabbhāpi atthi odissa ācikkhanā, atthi anodissa ācikkhanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ <a name="M0.0456"></a> <span class="bld">atītaṃ ārabbha odissa ācikkhanā</span> hoti? Bhikkhunupassaye gāmadārakā, dhuttādayo vā ye keci anācāraṃ vā ācaranti, rukkhaṃ vā chindanti, phalāphalaṃ vā haranti, parikkhāre vā acchindanti. Bhikkhunī vohārike upasaṅkamitvā ‘‘amhākaṃ upassaye idaṃ nāma kata’’nti vadati. ‘‘Kenā’’ti vutte ‘‘asukena ca asukena cā’’ti ācikkhati. Evaṃ atītaṃ ārabbha odissa ācikkhanā hoti, sā na vaṭṭati. Tañce sutvā te vohārikā tesaṃ daṇḍaṃ karonti, sabbaṃ bhikkhuniyā gīvā hoti. ‘‘Daṇḍaṃ gaṇhissantī’’ti adhippāyepi sati gīvāyeva hoti. Sace pana tassa ‘‘daṇḍaṃ gaṇhathā’’ti vadati, pañcamāsakamatte gahite pārājikaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tehi ‘‘kenā’’ti vutte pana ‘‘asukenā’ti vattuṃ amhākaṃ na vaṭṭati, tumheyeva jānissatha. Kevalañhi mayaṃ rakkhaṃ yācāma, taṃ no detha, avahaṭabhaṇḍampi āharāpethā’’ti vattabbaṃ. Evaṃ <span class="bld">anodissa ācikkhanā</span> hoti, sā vaṭṭati. Evaṃ vutte sacepi te vohārikā te kārake gavesitvā tesaṃ daṇḍaṃ karonti, sabbaṃ sāpateyyampi gahitaṃ, bhikkhuniyā neva gīvā, na āpatti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Parikkhāraṃ harante disvā tesaṃ anatthakāmatāya ‘‘coro coro’’ti vattumpi na vaṭṭati. Evaṃ vuttepi hi yaṃ tesaṃ daṇḍaṃ karonti, sabbaṃ bhikkhuniyā gīvā hoti. Attano vacanakaraṃ pana ‘‘iminā me parikkhāro gahito, taṃ āharāpehi, mā cassa daṇḍaṃ karothā’’ti vattuṃ vaṭṭati. Dāsadāsivāpiādīnaṃ atthāya aḍḍaṃ karonti, ayaṃ akappiyaaḍḍo nāma, na vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ <span class="bld">anāgataṃ ārabbha odissa ācikkhanā</span> hoti? Vuttanayeneva parehi anācārādīsu katesu bhikkhunī vohārike evaṃ vadati ‘‘amhākaṃ upassaye idañcidañca karonti, rakkhaṃ no detha āyatiṃ akaraṇatthāyā’’ti. ‘‘Kena evaṃ kata’’nti vutte ‘‘asukena ca asukena cā’’ti ācikkhati. Evaṃ anāgataṃ ārabbha odissa ācikkhanā hoti, sāpi na vaṭṭati. Tesañhi daṇḍe kate purimanayeneva sabbaṃ bhikkhuniyā gīvā. Sesaṃ purimasadisameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sace <a name="M0.0457"></a> pana vohārikā bhikkhunupassaye evarūpaṃ anācāraṃ karontānaṃ ‘‘imaṃ nāma daṇḍaṃ karomā’’ti <a name="V0.0422"></a> bheriṃ carāpetvā āṇāya atiṭṭhamāne pariyesitvā daṇḍaṃ karonti, bhikkhuniyā neva gīvā, na āpatti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yo cāyaṃ bhikkhunīnaṃ vutto, bhikkhūnampi eseva nayo. Bhikkhunopi hi odissa ācikkhanā na vaṭṭati, yaṃ tathā ācikkhite tesaṃ daṇḍaṃ karonti, taṃ sabbaṃ gīvā hoti. Vuttanayeneva daṇḍaṃ gaṇhāpentassa pārājikaṃ. Yo pana ‘‘daṇḍaṃ karissantī’’ti jānantopi anodissa katheti, te ca pariyesitvā daṇḍaṃ karontiyeva, na doso. Vihārasīmāya rukkhādīni chindantānaṃ vāsipharasuādīni gahetvā pāsāṇe koṭṭenti, na vaṭṭati. Sace dhārā bhijjati, kārāpetvā dātabbā. Upadhāvitvā tesaṃ parikkhāre gaṇhanti, tampi na kātabbaṃ. Lahuparivattañhi cittaṃ, theyyacetanāya uppannāya mūlacchejjampi gaccheyya.</p>
<p class="centered">Ussayavādikāsikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">2. Corivuṭṭhāpikāsikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mallagaṇabhaṭiputtagaṇādika</span>ntiādīsu (sārattha. ṭī. pācittiya 3.683) <span class="bld">mallagaṇo</span> nāma nārāyanabhattiko tattha tattha pānīyaṭṭhapanapokkharaṇikhaṇanādipuññakammakārako gaṇo. <span class="bld">Bhaṭiputtagaṇo</span> nāma kumārabhattikagaṇo. <span class="bld">Dhammagaṇo</span>ti sāsanabhattiko anekappakārapuññakammakārako gaṇo. <span class="bld">Gandhikaseṇī</span>ti anekappakārasugandhivikatikārako gaṇo. <span class="bld">Dussikaseṇī</span>ti dussavāṇijasamūho, pesakāragaṇoti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vuṭṭhāpentiyā</span>ti upasampādentiyā. Kenaci karaṇīyena pakkantāsu bhikkhunīsu agantvā khaṇḍasīmaṃ yathānisinnaṭṭhāneyeva attano nissitakaparisāya saddhiṃ vuṭṭhāpentiyā vācācittato samuṭṭhāti (pāci. aṭṭha. 683), aññaṃ sīmaṃ vā nadiṃ vā gantvā vuṭṭhāpentiyā kāyavācācittato samuṭṭhātīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘corivuṭṭhāpanasamuṭṭhāna’’</span>nti. Anāpucchā vuṭṭhāpanavasena <span class="bld">kiriyākiriyaṃ</span>. Paññattiṃ ajānantā ariyāpi vuṭṭhāpentīti vā kammavācāpariyosāne āpattikkhaṇe vipākābyākatasamaṅgitāvasena vā <span class="bld">ticittaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="centered">Corivuṭṭhāpikāsikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">3. Ekagāmantaragamanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Añño <a name="V0.0423"></a><a name="M0.0458"></a> gāmo <span class="bld">gāmantaraṃ. Nadipāra</span>nti nadiyā pārimatīraṃ. ‘‘Gāmantaraṃ gaccheyyā’’ti (pāci. 687, 691) vuttattā aññasmiṃ gāmeyeva āpatti, na sakagāmeti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sakagāmato tāvā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Parikkhepe vā upacāre vā atikkante</span>ti parikkhittassa gāmassa parikkhepe vā aparikkhittassa gāmassa parikkhepārahaṭṭhāne vā atikkante. <span class="bld">Dutiyena atikkantamatte</span>ti dutiyena pādena itarassa gāmassa parikkhepe vā upacāre vā atikkantamatte. Yesu pana potthakesu ‘‘ekena pādena itarassa gāmassa parikkhepe vā atikkante, upacāre vā okkante thullaccayaṃ, dutiyena atikkantamatte, okkantamatte vā saṅghādiseso’’ti pāṭho dissati, tattha ‘‘okkante, okkantamatte vā’’ti etāni dve padāni pāḷiyā virujjhanti. ‘‘Aparikkhittassa gāmassa upacāraṃ atikkāmentiyā’’ti (pāci. 692) hi pāḷi. Tathā <span class="bld">samantapāsādikāyapi</span> virujjhanti. Tattha hi –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Parikkhepārahaṭṭhānaṃ ekena pādena atikkamati, thullaccayaṃ. Dutiyena atikkantamatte saṅghādiseso. Apicettha sakagāmato…pe… ekena pādena itarassa gāmassa parikkhepe vā upacārevā atikkantamatte thullaccayaṃ, dutiyena atikkantamatte saṅghādiseso’’ti –</p>
<p class="unindented">Vuttaṃ. ‘‘Paṭhamaṃ pādaṃ atikkāmentiyā’’tiādivacanato (pāci. 692) padasā gamanameva idhādhippetanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘padasā pavisantiyā āpattī’’</span>ti. Iminā sacepi hatthipiṭṭhiādīhi vā iddhiyā vā pavisati, vaṭṭatiyevāti dasseti. Ayamettha saṅkhepo, vitthāro pana <span class="bld">samantapāsādikāya</span> (pāci. aṭṭha. 692) vuttoti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nadipāragamane vuttalakkhaṇāya nadiyā</span>ti ‘‘nadī nāma timaṇḍalaṃ paṭicchādetvā yattha katthaci uttarantiyā antaravāsako temiyatī’’ti (pāci. 692) <span class="bld">nadipāragamanavibhaṅge</span> vuttalakkhaṇāya nadiyā. Nadipāragamanavibhaṅgo hi idha <span class="bld">nadipāragamana</span>saddena vutto. <span class="bld">Puna orimatīrameva paccuttarantiyā vā</span>ti paratīraṃ gantukāmatāya otiṇṇattā vuttaṃ. Itarissā pana ayaṃ pakkantaṭṭhāne ṭhitā hoti, tasmā paratīraṃ gacchantiyā anāpatti. Sace sajjhāyaṃ <a name="M0.0459"></a> vā padhānaṃ vā aññaṃ vā kiñci kammaṃ kurumānā ‘‘pure aruṇeyeva dutiyikāya santikaṃ gamissāmī’’ti (pāci. aṭṭha. 692) ābhogaṃ karoti, ajānantiyā eva tassā aruṇo uggacchati<a name="V0.0424"></a>, anāpattīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pure aruṇeyevā’’</span>tiādi. Atha pana ‘‘yāva aruṇuggamanā idheva bhavissāmī’’ti vā anābhogena vā vihārassa ekadese acchati, dutiyikāya hatthapāsaṃ na otarati, aruṇuggamane saṅghādiseso. Hatthapāsoyeva hi idha pamāṇaṃ. Hatthapāsātikkame ekagabbhopi na rakkhati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ekagabbhe…pe… āpattī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dassanūpacāraṃ vā savanūpacāraṃ vā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">dassanūpacāro</span> nāma yattha ṭhitaṃ dutiyikā passati. <span class="bld">Savanūpacāro</span> nāma yattha ṭhitā maggamūḷhasaddena viya, dhammassavanārocanasaddena viya ca ‘‘ayye’’ti saddāyantiyā saddaṃ suṇāti. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā ohīyanaṃ nāma dassanūpacārasavanūpacārānamaññatarassa vijahanaṃ, tasmā. Antogāme pana ohīyanaṃ vaṭṭatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘indakhīlātikkamato paṭṭhāyā’’</span>ti ādi. Tattha <span class="bld">indakhīlātikkamato</span>ti ummārātikkamato. <span class="bld">Bahigāme</span>ti gāmassa bahipadese. Maggamūḷhā uccāsaddaṃ karontīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘maggamūḷhasaddena viyā’’</span>ti. Maggamūḷhaṃ avhāyantassa saddena viyātipi vadanti. <span class="bld">Saddāyantiyā</span>ti saddaṃ karontiyā. <span class="bld">‘‘Saddassavanātikkame āpattiyevā’’</span>ti iminā dassanūpacāro evarūpe savanūpacāre vijahite na rakkhati, jahitamatteva āpatti saṅghādisesassāti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Maggaṃ gacchantī</span>ti ekamaggaṃ gacchanti. Sace purimāyo aññena maggena gacchanti, pakkantā nāma honti, anāpattiyeva. Dvinnaṃ gacchantīnaṃ ekā anubandhituṃ asakkontī ‘‘gacchatu aya’’nti ohīyati, itarāpi ‘‘ohīyatu aya’’nti gacchati, dvinnampi āpatti. Sace pana gacchantīsu purimāpi aññaṃ maggaṃ gaṇhāti, pacchimāpi aññaṃ, ekā ekissā pakkantaṭṭhāne tiṭṭhati, dvinnampi anāpatti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Saṅghādisesā caturo’’</span>ti (pari. aṭṭha. 479) ayaṃ pañho aruṇuggamane gāmantarapariyāpannaṃ nadipāraṃ okkantabhikkhuniṃ sandhāya vutto. Sā hi sakagāmato paccūsasamaye nikkhamitvā aruṇuggamanakāle vuttappakāraṃ nadipāraṃ okkantamattāva <a name="M0.0460"></a> rattivippavāsagāmantaranadipāragamanagaṇamhāohīyanalakkhaṇe ekappahāreneva caturo saṅghādisese āpajjati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pakkhasaṅkantāya vā</span>ti titthāyatanaṃ saṅkantāya. <span class="bld">Anantarāyenā</span>ti hatthimocanādiantarāyaṃ vinā.</p>
<p class="centered">Ekagāmantaragamanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">4. Ukkhittakaosāraṇasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tasseva</span> <a name="V0.0425"></a> <span class="bld">kārakasaṅghassā</span>ti yo ukkhepanīyakammakārako gaṇo, tasseva kārakasaṅghassa. <span class="bld">Vatte vā vattanti</span>nti tecattālīsappabhede netthāravatte vattamānaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Ukkhittakaosāraṇasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">5. Bhojanappaṭiggahaṇapaṭhamasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekatoavassute</span>ti puggalassa vā bhikkhuniyā vā avassute. <span class="bld">Mahāpaccariyaṃ</span> panettha ‘‘bhikkhuniyā avassutabhāveti daṭṭhabba’’nti (pāci. aṭṭha. 701) vuttaṃ. Taṃ ‘‘anavassutoti jānantī paṭiggaṇhātī’’ti (pāci. 703) imāya pāḷiyā na sameti. Yadi hi puggalassa avassutabhāvo nappamāṇaṃ, kiṃ ‘‘anavassutoti jānantī’’ti iminā vacanena, ‘‘anāpatti ubhatoanavassutā honti, anavassutā paṭiggaṇhātī’’ti ettakameva vattabbaṃ siyā. <span class="bld">Ubhosu anavassutesū</span>ti puggalo ceva bhikkhunī cāti ubhosu anavassutesu gaṇhantiyā sabbathāpi anāpatti. <span class="bld">‘‘Anavassuto’’ti vā ñatvā gaṇhantiyā</span>ti sayaṃ anavassutā samānā avassutepi ‘‘anavassuto aya’’nti saññāya tassa hatthato paṭiggaṇhantiyā. Atha sayaṃ anavassutāpi aññaṃ avassutaṃ vā anavassutaṃ vā ‘‘avassuto’’ti ñatvā paṭiggaṇhāti, dukkaṭameva. Vuttañhetaṃ <span class="bld">anantarasikkhāpade</span> ‘‘kissa tvaṃ, ayye, na paṭiggaṇhāsīti, avassutā, ayyeti, tvaṃ pana, ayye, avassutāti, nāhaṃ, ayye, avassutā’’ti.</p>
<p class="centered">Bhojanappaṭiggahaṇapaṭhamasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">6. Bhojanappaṭiggahaṇadutiyasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dukkaṭādikā <a name="M0.0461"></a> saṅghādisesapariyosānā āpattiyo iminā sikkhāpadena uyyojikāyeva, itarissā pana āpattibhedo paṭhamasikkhāpadenāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sā evaṃ uyyojanenā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kulānuddayatāyā</span>ti kulānukampakatāya.</p>
<p class="centered">Bhojanappaṭiggahaṇadutiyasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">7-13. Sañcarittādisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sattamādīni <a name="V0.0426"></a> uttānatthāneva.</p>
<p class="centered">Sañcarittādisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">14-17. Saṅghabhedakādisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhikkhunī saṅghaṃ na bhindatī</span>ti kammaṃ, uddeso cāti dvīhi bhedo, so tāya saddhiṃ natthīti bhikkhunī saṅghaṃ na bhindati. Na kevalaṃ parivāsābhāvoyevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘chādanapaccayāpī’’</span>tiādi. Ettha ca <span class="bld">‘‘chādanapaccayāpi na dukkaṭaṃ āpajjatī’’</span>ti pāṭho daṭṭhabbo, chādanapaccayāpi dukkaṭaṃ na āpajjatīti attho. Evañca katvā –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Āpajjati garukaṃ sāvasesaṃ;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Chādeti anādariyaṃ paṭicca;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Na bhikkhunī no ca phuseyya vajjaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Pañhāmesā kusalehi cintitā’’ti. (pari. 481) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Ettha bhikkhuninisedho upapanno hoti. Yesu pana potthakesu ‘‘chādanapaccayā pana dukkaṭaṃ āpajjatī’’ti vinā <span class="bld">na</span>-kāraṃ pāṭho dissati, so pamādalekhoti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā parivāso nāma natthi, tasmā. <span class="bld">Attano sīmaṃ sodhetvā vihārasīmāya vā</span>ti vihāre baddhasīmameva <a name="M0.0462"></a> sandhāya vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sodhetuṃ asakkontīhī</span>ti vihārasīmaṃ sodhetuṃ asakkontīhi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mukhamattanidassana</span>nti pavesopāyamattanidassanaṃ. Etthāha – atha kasmā yathā bhikkhumānattakathāya ‘‘parikkhittassa vihārassa parikkhepato, aparikkhittassa vihārassa parikkhepārahaṭṭhānato dve leḍḍupāte atikkammā’’ti (kaṅkhā. aṭṭha. nigamanavaṇṇanā) vuttaṃ, evamavatvā <span class="bld">‘‘gāmūpacārato ca bhikkhūnaṃ vihārūpacārato ca dve leḍḍupāte atikkamitvā’’</span>ti idha vuttanti? Tatra ceke vadanti ‘‘bhikkhūnaṃ vuttappakāraṃ padesaṃ atikkamitvā gāmepi taṃ kammaṃ kātuṃ vaṭṭati, bhikkhunīnaṃ pana gāme na vaṭṭati, tasmā evaṃ vutta’’nti. Apare pana bhaṇanti ‘‘bhikkhūnampi gāme na vaṭṭati, bhikkhuvihāro nāma pubbeyeva gāmūpacāraṃ atikkamitvā tiṭṭhati<a name="V0.0427"></a>, tasmā gāmaṃ avatvā vihārūpacārameva heṭṭhā vuttaṃ. Bhikkhunīnaṃ pana vihāro gāmeyeva, na bahi, tasmā gāmūpacārañca vihārūpacārañca ubhayamevettha dassitaṃ. Tasmā ubhayatthāpi atthato nānātthaṃ natthī’’ti. Vīmaṃsitvā yañcettha yujjati, taṃ gahetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tato paṭṭhāyā</span>ti ārocitakālato paṭṭhāya.</p>
<p class="centered">Saṅghabhedakādisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti kaṅkhāvitaraṇiyā pātimokkhavaṇṇanāya</p>
<p class="centered">Vinayatthamañjūsāyaṃ līnatthappakāsaniyaṃ</p>
<p class="centered">Bhikkhunipātimokkhe saṅghādisesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter">Nissaggiyakaṇḍaṃ</p>
<p class="title">1. Pattavaggo</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Pattasannicayasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paṭhamaṃ <a name="M0.0463"></a><a name="V0.0428"></a> uttānatthameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Pattasannicayasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">2. Akālacīvarasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yaṃ attanā laddhaṃ, taṃ nissaggiyaṃ hotī</span>ti yaṃ cīvaraṃ bhājāpitāya attanā laddhaṃ, tameva nissaggiyaṃ hoti, taṃ vinayakammaṃ katvāpi attanā na labbhati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘nissaṭṭha’’</span>ntiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">nissaṭṭhaṃ paṭilabhitvāpī</span>ti ‘‘ayyāya, dammī’’ti evaṃ nissaṭṭhaṃ paṭilabhitvāpi. <span class="bld">Yathādāneyeva upanetabba</span>nti yathā dāyakehi dinnaṃ, tatheva upanetabbaṃ, akālacīvarapakkheyeva ṭhapetabbanti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="centered">Akālacīvarasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">3. Cīvaraparivattanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Meta</span>nti me etaṃ. Sakasaññāya gahitattā pācittiyañceva dukkaṭañca vuttaṃ, itarathā bhaṇḍagghena kāretabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Cīvaraparivattanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">4. Aññaviññāpanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭilābhenā</span>ti <a name="V0.0429"></a> paṭhamaviññattito ūnatarassāpi aññassa paṭilābhena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tasmiṃ appahonte puna taññevā</span>ti yaṃ paṭhamaṃ viññattaṃ, thokattā tasmiṃ appahonte puna taññeva viññāpentiyāti attho. <span class="bld">Aññena</span>pi atthe <a name="M0.0464"></a> satī ti paṭhamaṃ viññattito aññenapi atthe sati. <span class="bld">Tena saddhiṃ aññañcā</span>ti yaṃ paṭhamaṃ viññattaṃ, tena saddhiṃ aññañca. Kiṃ vuttaṃ hoti? Sace paṭhamaṃ sappi viññattaṃ, ‘‘yamakaṃ pacitabba’’nti ca vejjena vuttattā telenāpi attho hoti. Tato ‘‘telenāpi me attho’’ti evamādinā aññañca viññāpentiyāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Ānisaṃsaṃ dassetvā</span>ti ‘‘sace kahāpaṇassa sappi ābhataṃ hoti, iminā mūlena dviguṇaṃ telaṃ labbhati, telenāpi ca idaṃ kiccaṃ nippajjati, tasmā telaṃ āharā’’ti evaṃ ānisaṃsaṃ dassetvā.</p>
<p class="centered">Aññaviññāpanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">5. Aññacetāpanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tato aññaṃ cetāpeyyā</span>ti paṭhamaṃ cetāpitato yaṃ kiñci aññaṃ cetāpeyya.</p>
<p class="centered">Aññacetāpanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">6. Paṭhamasaṅghikacetāpanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aññassatthāya dinnenā</span>ti yaṃ cetāpeti, tato aññassatthāya dinnena. <span class="bld">Aññuddisikenā</span>ti purimassevatthadīpanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sesakaṃ upanentiyā</span>ti yadatthāya dinno, taṃ cetāpetvā avasesaṃ aññassatthāya upanentiyā. <span class="bld">Sāmike apaloketvā</span>ti dāyake āpucchitvā. <span class="bld">Evarūpāsū āpadāsu upanentīna</span>nti evarūpesu upaddavesu aññassa yassa kassaci atthāya upanentīnaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Paṭhamasaṅghikacetāpanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">7. Dutiyasaṅghikacetāpanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Na <a name="M0.0465"></a><a name="V0.0430"></a> kevalaṃ teneva parikkhārenāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sayaṃ yācitakenāpī’’</span>ti. Vuttañhetaṃ pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘bhikkhuniyo tena ca parikkhārena sayampi yācitvā bhesajjaṃ cetāpetvā paribhuñjiṃsū’’ti (pāci. 763). Mātikāyaṃ pana gamyamānattā pi-saddo nappayutto. Gamyamānatthassa hi saddassa payogaṃ pati kāmacāroti yutti.</p>
<p class="centered">Dutiyasaṅghikacetāpanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">8-9-10. Paṭhamagaṇikacetāpanādisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aṭṭhamanavamadasamāni uttānatthāneva.</p>
<p class="centered">Paṭhamagaṇikacetāpanādisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Pattavaggo paṭhamo.</p>
<p class="title">2. Cīvaravaggo</p>
<p class="subhead">11. Garupāvuraṇasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā pavāritaṭṭhāne viññatti nāma na paṭisedhetabbā, tasmā bhagavā dhammanimantanavasena pavāritaṭṭhāne ‘‘vadethāyye, yenattho’’ti (sārattha. ṭī. pācittiya 3.784) vuttāya catukkaṃsaparamaṃ viññāpetabbanti paricchedaṃ dassetīti veditabbaṃ. Teneva <span class="bld">‘‘cetāpetabbanti ṭhapetvā sahadhammike ca ñātakappavārite ca aññena kismiñcideva guṇe parituṭṭhena ‘vadethāyye, yenattho’ti vuttāya viññāpetabba’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Rājāna</span>nti pasenadikosalarājānaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Garupāvuraṇasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">12. Lahupāvuraṇasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dutiyaṃ <a name="M0.0466"></a><a name="V0.0431"></a> uttānatthameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Lahupāvuraṇasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Cīvaravaggo dutiyo.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti kaṅkhāvitaraṇiyā pātimokkhavaṇṇanāya</p>
<p class="centered">Vinayatthamañjūsāyaṃ līnatthappakāsaniyaṃ</p>
<p class="centered">Bhikkhunipātimokkhe nissaggiyavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter">Pācittiyakaṇḍaṃ</p>
<p class="title">1. Lasuṇavaggo</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Lasuṇasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Lasuṇa’’</span>nti <a name="M0.0467"></a><a name="V0.0432"></a> kiñcāpi avisesena vuttaṃ, tathāpi magadhesu jātaṃ lasuṇameva idhādhippetaṃ, tampi bhaṇḍikalasuṇamevāti āha <span class="bld">magadharaṭṭhe jāta’’</span>ntiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhaṇḍikalasuṇa</span>nti poṭṭalikalasuṇameva, sampuṇṇamiñjānametaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘na ekadvitimiñjaka’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Ajjhohāre ajjhohāre</span>ti (pāci. aṭṭha. 795) ettha sace dve tayo bhaṇḍike ekatoyeva saṅkhāditvā ajjhoharati, ekaṃ pācittiyaṃ. Bhañjitvā ekekamiñjakaṃ khādantiyā pana payogagaṇanāya pācittiyāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Palaṇḍukā</span>dīnaṃ vaṇṇena vā miñjāya vā nānāttaṃ veditabbaṃ – vaṇṇena tāva <span class="bld">palaṇḍuko</span> nāma paṇḍuvaṇṇo hoti, <span class="bld">bhañjanako</span> lohitavaṇṇo, <span class="bld">haritako</span> haritapaṇṇavaṇṇo. Miñjāya pana palaṇḍukassa ekā miñjā hoti, bhañjanakassa dve, haritakassa tisso. <span class="bld">Cāpalasuṇo</span> amiñjako. Aṅkuramattameva hi tassa hoti. <span class="bld">Mahāpaccariyā</span>dīsu pana ‘‘palaṇḍukassa tīṇi miñjāni, bhañjanakassa dve, haritakassa eka’’nti (pāci. aṭṭha. 797) vuttaṃ. Ete palaṇḍukādayo sabhāveneva vaṭṭanti. Sūpasampākādīsu pana māgadhakampi vaṭṭati. Tañhi paccamānesu muggasūpādīsu vā macchamaṃsavikatiyā vā tele vā badarasāḷavādīsu vā ambilasākādīsu vā uttaribhaṅgesu vā yattha katthaci antamaso yāgubhattepi pakkhittaṃ vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Badarasāḷavaṃ</span> (sārattha. ṭī. pācittiya 3.793-797) nāma badaraphalāni sukkhāpetvā cuṇṇetvā kattabbā khādanīyavikati.</p>
<p class="centered">Lasuṇasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">2. Sambādhalomasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Paṭicchannokāse’’ti <a name="M0.0468"></a><a name="V0.0433"></a> etassa vibhāgadassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘upakacchakesu ca muttakaraṇe cāti attho’’</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ābādhapaccayā</span>ti kaṇḍukacchuādiābādhapaccayā saṃharāpentiyā anāpatti. ‘‘Bhikkhussa ettha ca lasuṇe ca dukkaṭa’’nti (vajira. ṭī. pācittiya 800) porāṇā.</p>
<p class="centered">Sambādhalomasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">3. Talaghātakasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Talaghātake</span>ti matthake pahāradāne, tañca kho talaṃ ‘‘muttakaraṇe pahāraṃ detī’’ti (pāci. 804) <span class="bld">padabhājaniyaṃ</span>vuttattā ‘‘muttakaraṇassā’’ti viññāyatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘muttakaraṇassa talaghātane’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Purimanayeneva sāṇattika</span>nti attano atthāya aññaṃ āṇāpentiyā sāṇattikaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Talaghātakasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">4. Jatumaṭṭhakasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vatthuvasenetaṃ vutta</span>nti ‘‘jatumaṭṭhake’’ti etaṃ nidānavasena uppannassa vatthuno vaseneva vuttaṃ. Yaṃ kiñci pana daṇḍakaṃ pavesentiyā āpattiyeva. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kāmarāgena panā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="centered">Jatumaṭṭhakasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">5. Udakasuddhikasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ādātabba</span>nti pavesetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Aggapabba</span>nti kesaggamattampi aggapabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Tatiyaṃ pabbaṃ pavesetī</span>ti kesaggamattampi tatiyaṃ pabbaṃ paveseti. Vuttañhetaṃ <span class="bld">samantapāsādikāyaṃ</span> (pāci. aṭṭha. 812) ‘‘gambhīrato dvinnaṃ pabbānaṃ upari kesaggamattampi pavesentiyā pācittiya’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Atigambhīraṃ</span> <a name="M0.0469"></a><a name="V0.0434"></a> <span class="bld">udakasuddhikaṃ ādiyanavatthusmi</span>nti atianto pavesetvā udakadhovanakaraṇavatthusmiṃ. Udakasuddhipaccayena (sārattha. ṭī. pācittiya 3.812) pana satipi phassassādiyane yathāvuttaparicchede anāpatti.</p>
<p class="centered">Udakasuddhikasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">6. Upatiṭṭhanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Takkādīsu vā aññatarenā</span>ti takkadadhimatthurasakhīrādīsu aññatarena. <span class="bld">Yāya kāyaci bījaniyā</span>ti antamaso cīvarakaṇṇaṃ upādāya yāya kāyaci bījaniyā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Imaṃ pivathā</span>ti imaṃ pānīyaṃ vā sūpādiṃ vā pivatha. <span class="bld">Iminā bījathā</span>ti iminā tālavaṇṭena bījatha. <span class="bld">Dāpentiyā</span>ti aññena ubhayampi dāpentiyā.</p>
<p class="centered">Upatiṭṭhanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">7. Āmakadhaññasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā viññatti ceva bhojanañca pamāṇaṃ, tasmā. Na kevalañcettha paṭiggahaṇeyeva dukkaṭaṃ hoti, paṭiggaṇhitvā pana araññato āharaṇepi sukkhāpanepi vaddalidivase bhajjanatthāya uddhanasajjanepi kapallasajjanepi dabbisajjanepi dārūni ādāya aggikaraṇepi kapallamhi dhaññapakkhipanepi dabbiyā saṅghaṭṭanesupi koṭṭanatthaṃ udukkhalamusalādisajjanesupi koṭṭanapapphoṭanadhovanādīsupi yāva mukhe ṭhapetvā ajjhoharaṇatthaṃ dantehi saṅkhādati, tāva sabbappayogesu dukkaṭānīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘paṭiggahaṇato paṭṭhāya yāva dantehi saṃkhādanaṃ, tāva pubbappayogesu dukkaṭānī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="centered">Āmakadhaññasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">8. Paṭhamauccārachaḍḍanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tirokuṭṭe</span>ti <a name="M0.0470"></a><a name="V0.0435"></a> gharakuṭṭassa parabhāge. <span class="bld">Tiropākāre</span>ti parikkhepapākārassa tirobhāge, te ca kho kuṭṭapākārā iṭṭhakasiladārūnaṃ vasena tippakārāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yassa kassaci kuṭṭassa vā pākārassa vā parato’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sabbānipetāni ekato chaḍḍentiyā</span>ti etāni cattāripi vatthūni ekato chaḍḍentiyā. Pāṭekkaṃ pana chaḍḍentiyā vatthugaṇanāya āpattiyo. Āṇattiyampi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhikkhussa dukkaṭa</span>nti bhikkhussa sabbattha dukkaṭaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Paṭhamauccārachaḍḍanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">9. Dutiyauccārachaḍḍanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhikkhuniyāpī</span>ti <span class="bld">pi</span>-saddena bhikkhuṃ samuccinoti. Anikkhittabījesu (pāci. aṭṭha. 830) pana khettesu koṇādīsu vā asañjātaropimesu khettamariyādādīsu vā chaḍḍetuṃ vaṭṭati. Manussānaṃ kacavarachaḍḍanaṭṭhānepi vaṭṭatiyeva. <span class="bld">Chaḍḍitakhette</span>ti manussesu sassaṃ uddharitvā gatesu chaḍḍitakhettaṃ nāma hoti, tattha vaṭṭati. Yattha pana ‘‘lāyitampi pubbaṇṇādi puna uṭṭhahissatī’’ti rakkhanti, tattha yathāvatthukameva. <span class="bld">Sāmike apaloketvā</span>ti ettha khettapālakā, ārāmādigopakā ca sāmikāva. Iminā ca saṅghasantake bhikkhussa chaḍḍetuṃ vaṭṭati saṅghapariyāpannattā, na bhikkhunīnaṃ. Bhikkhunīnaṃ pana attano santake bhikkhusantake vuttanayeneva vaṭṭatīti dasseti, evaṃ santepi sāruppavasena kātabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Dutiyauccārachaḍḍanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">10. Naccagītasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nacca</span>nti naṭādayo vā naccantu, soṇḍā vā antamaso morasuvamakkaṭādayopi, sabbametaṃ naccameva. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘naccanti antamaso moranaccampī’’</span>ti<a name="M0.0471"></a>. <span class="bld">Gīta</span>nti naṭādīnaṃ vā gītaṃ hotu, ariyānaṃ parinibbānakāle ratanattayaguṇūpasaṃhitaṃ sādhukīḷitagītaṃ vā, antamaso ‘‘dantagītampi <a name="V0.0436"></a> gāyissāmā’’ti pubbabhāge okūjantā karonti, sabbametaṃ gītameva. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘gītanti antamaso dhammabhāṇakagītampī’’</span>ti. Tattha <span class="bld">dhammabhāṇakagītaṃ</span> nāma asaññatabhikkhūnaṃ taṃ taṃ vattaṃ bhinditvā atidīghaṃ katvā gītassarena dhammabhaṇanaṃ, tampi neva bhikkhuno, na bhikkhunīnaṃ vaṭṭati. Tathā hi vuttaṃ paramatthajotikāya <span class="bld">khuddakaṭṭhakathāya</span> (khu. pā. aṭṭha. 2.pacchimapañcasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā) ‘‘dhammūpasaṃhitaṃ gītaṃ vaṭṭati, gītūpasaṃhito pana dhammo na vaṭṭatī’’ti. Tasmā dhammaṃ bhaṇantena jātakavattādiṃ taṃ taṃ vattaṃ avināsetvā caturassena (cūḷava. aṭṭha. 249) vattena parimaṇḍalāni padabyañjanāni dassetabbāni. <span class="bld">Vādita</span>nti tantibaddhādivādanīyabhaṇḍavāditaṃ vā hotu, kuṭabherivāditaṃ vā antamaso udakabherivāditampi, sabbamevetaṃ vāditameva. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vāditanti antamaso udakabherivādita’’</span>nti. Yaṃ pana niṭṭhubhantī vā sāsaṅke vā ṭhitā accharikaṃ vā phoṭeti, pāṇiṃ vā paharati, tattha anāpatti. Dassanena cettha savanampi saṅgahitaṃ virūpekasesanayena. Ālocanasabhāvatāya vā pañcannaṃ viññāṇānaṃ savanakiriyāyapi dassanasaṅkhepasabbhāvato ‘‘dassanāya’’icceva vuttanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘etesu yaṃ kiñci dassanāya gacchantiyā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Yattha ṭhitā</span>ti evaṃ gantvā yasmiṃ padese ṭhitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nanu ca sayaṃnaccanādīsu pācittiyaṃ pāḷiyaṃ na vuttaṃ, atha kathaṃ gahetabbanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbaaṭṭhakathāsu vutta’’</span>nti, iminā pāḷiyaṃ avuttepi aṭṭhakathāpamāṇena gahetabbanti dasseti. <span class="bld">Samuṭṭhānādīni eḷakalomasadisānī</span>ti pana mātikāgatapācittiyasseva vasena vuttaṃ, sabbesaṃ vasena pana chasamuṭṭhānanti gahetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Ārāme ṭhatvā’’</span>ti idaṃ nidassanamattaṃ sesairiyāpathehi yuttāya passantiyā anāpattiyā icchitabbattā. Itarathā hi nisinnāpi passituṃ na labheyya. ‘‘Passissāmī’’ti vihārato vihāraṃ gacchantiyā āpattiyeva. Āsanasālāya nisinnā passati, anāpatti, ‘‘passissāmī’’ti uṭṭhahitvā gacchantiyā āpatti. Vīthiyaṃ ṭhatvā gīvaṃ parivattetvā passantiyāpi āpattiyeva. Bhikkhussāpi eseva nayo, āpattibhedova nānaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Naccagītasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Lasuṇavaggo paṭhamo.</p>
<p class="title">2. Rattandhakāravaggo</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Rattandhakārasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Arahopekkhāyā</span>ti <a name="M0.0472"></a><a name="V0.0437"></a> narahoassādāpekkhāya. <span class="bld">Aññavihitāyā</span>ti rahoassādato aññavihitāva hutvā ñātiṃ vā pucchantiyā, dāne vā pūjāya vā mantentiyā.</p>
<p class="centered">Rattandhakārasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">2-3. Paṭicchannokāsaajjhokāsasallapanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dutiyatatiyāni uttānatthāneva.</p>
<p class="centered">Paṭicchannokāsaajjhokāsasallapanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">4. Dutiyikauyyojanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Purimanayenevā’’</span>ti iminā <span class="bld">‘‘santiṭṭheyya vā</span>ti hatthapāse ṭhitamattāya pācittiyaṃ, <span class="bld">sallapeyya vā</span>ti tattha ṭhatvā gehasikakathaṃ kathentiyāpi pācittiyameva, <span class="bld">nikaṇṇikaṃ vā jappeyyā</span>ti kaṇṇamūle jappentiyāpi pācittiyamevā’’ti imaṃ nayaṃ dasseti.</p>
<p class="centered">Dutiyikauyyojanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">5. Anāpucchāpakkamanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Āsīdanti etthāti <span class="bld">āsana</span>nti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pallaṅkassokāsabhūte’’</span>ti, ūrubaddhāsanassa okāseti attho. <span class="bld">Anovassaka</span>nti nibbakokāsaṃ. <span class="bld">Ajjhokāse upacāra</span>nti ajjhokāse nisīditvā dvādasahatthappamāṇaṃ padesaṃ. <span class="bld">Gilānāyā</span>ti yā tādisena gelaññena āpucchituṃ na sakkoti<a name="V0.0438"></a>. <span class="bld">Āpadāsū</span>ti ghare aggi vā uṭṭhito hoti, coro vā, evarūpe upaddave anāpucchā pakkamati, anāpatti.</p>
<p class="centered">Anāpucchāpakkamanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">6. Anāpucchāabhinisīdanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dhuvapaññatte</span>ti <a name="M0.0473"></a> bhikkhunīnaṃ atthāya niccapaññatte.</p>
<p class="centered">Anāpucchāabhinisīdanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">7. Anāpucchāsantharaṇasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kulānī</span>ti kulassa gharāni.</p>
<p class="centered">Anāpucchāsantharaṇasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">8. Paraujjhāpanakasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aṭṭhamaṃ uttānatthameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Paraujjhāpanakasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">9. Paraabhisapanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Manussadobhaggena vā</span>ti ‘‘kāṇā homi, kuṇī homi, itarā vā īdisā hotū’’tiādinā manussavirūpabhāvena. <span class="bld">Atthadhammaanusāsanipurekkhārāna</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">atthapurekkhārāyā</span>ti aṭṭhakathaṃ kathentiyā. <span class="bld">Dhammapurekkhārāyā</span>ti pāḷiṃ vācentiyā. <span class="bld">Anusāsanipurekkhārāyā</span>ti ‘‘idānipi tvaṃ edisā, sādhu viramassu, no ce viramasi, addhā puna <a name="V0.0439"></a> evarūpāni kammāni katvā niraye uppajjissasi, tiracchānayoniyā uppajjissasī’’ti (pāci. aṭṭha. 878) evaṃ anusāsaniyaṃ ṭhatvā vadantiyā.</p>
<p class="centered">Paraabhisapanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">10. Rodanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dasamaṃ uttānatthameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Rodanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Rattandhakāravaggo dutiyo.</p>
<p class="title">3. Naggavaggo</p>
<p class="subhead">1-2. Naggādisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ida</span>nti <a name="M0.0474"></a> idaṃ udakasāṭikacīvaraṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dutiyaṃ uttānatthameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Naggādisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">3. Cīvarasibbanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Visibbetvā</span>ti vijaṭetvā. <span class="bld">Dhuraṃ nikkhittamatte</span>ti dhure nikkhittamatte, dhuraṃ nikkhipitvā sacepi pacchā sibbati, āpattiyevāti attho.</p>
<p class="centered">Cīvarasibbanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">4. Saṅghāṭicārasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Idaṃ</span> <a name="V0.0440"></a> <span class="bld">me cīvaraṃ mahagghaṃ īdise corabhaye na sakkā dhāretunti evarūpāsu āpadāsū’’</span>ti ettha pāṭho. So pana kākapadasañjanitamohehi lekhakehi uparisikkhāpade likhito. Kiñcāpi tattha likhito, ettheva pana daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="centered">Saṅghāṭicārasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">5. Cīvarasaṅkamanīyasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āpadāsu vā dhāretī</span>ti sace apārutaṃ vā anivatthaṃ vā corā haranti, evarūpāsū āpadāsu dhāreti, anāpatti.</p>
<p class="centered">Cīvarasaṅkamanīyasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">6. Gaṇacīvarasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aññasmiṃ parikkhāre</span>ti yattha katthaci thālakādīnaṃ vā sappitelādīnaṃ vā aññatarasmiṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Samagghakāle dassathā’’ti evaṃ ānisaṃsaṃ dassetvā nivārentiyā</span>ti <a name="M0.0475"></a> ‘‘kittakaṃ agghanakaṃ dātukāmatthā’’ti pucchitvā (pāci. aṭṭha. 909) ‘‘ettakaṃ nāmā’’ti vutte ‘‘āgametha tāva, idāni vatthaṃ mahagghaṃ, katipāhena kappāse āhaṭe samagghaṃ bhavissati, tasmiṃ kāle dassathā’’ti evaṃ ānisaṃsaṃ dassetvā nivārentiyā.</p>
<p class="centered">Gaṇacīvarasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">7-10. Paṭibāhanādisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ānisaṃsaṃ dassetvā paṭibāhantiyā</span>ti ‘‘ekissā ekaṃ sāṭakaṃ nappahoti, āgametha tāva, katipāhena uppajjissati, tato bhājessāmā’’ti (pāci. aṭṭha. 915) evaṃ ānisaṃsaṃ dassetvā paṭibāhantiyā anāpatti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aṭṭhamanavamāni <a name="V0.0441"></a> uttānatthāneva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sesa</span>nti ‘‘dhammike vematikāyā’’tiādikaṃ avasesaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">ānisaṃsaṃ dassetvā paṭibāhantiyā</span>ti ‘‘bhikkhunisaṅgho jiṇṇacīvaro, kathinānisaṃsamūlako mahālābho’’ti (pāci. aṭṭha. 931) evarūpaṃ ānisaṃsaṃ dassetvā paṭibāhantiyā anāpatti.</p>
<p class="centered">Paṭibāhanādisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Naggavaggo tatiyo.</p>
<p class="title">4. Tuvaṭṭavaggo</p>
<p class="subhead">1-3. Ekamañcatuvaṭṭanādisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paṭhamaṃ uttānatthameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vavatthānaṃ dassetvā</span>ti (pāci. aṭṭha. 940) majjhe kāsāyaṃ vā kattarayaṭṭhiṃ vā antamaso kāyabandhanampi ṭhapetvā nipajjantīnaṃ anāpattīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatiyaṃ uttānatthameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Ekamañcatuvaṭṭanādisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">4-9. Naupaṭṭhāpanādisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pariyesitvā</span> <a name="M0.0476"></a> <span class="bld">alabhantiyā</span>ti aññaṃ upaṭṭhāyikaṃ alabhantiyā. <span class="bld">Gilānāyā</span>ti sayaṃ gilānāya. <span class="bld">Āpadāsū</span>ti tathārūpe upaddave sati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pañcamachaṭṭhasattama <a name="V0.0442"></a> aṭṭhamanavamāni uttānatthāneva.</p>
<p class="centered">Naupaṭṭhāpanādisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">10. Cārikanapakkamanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dhure nikkhittamatte</span>ti sace dhuraṃ nikkhipitvā pacchā pakkamati, āpattiyevāti attho. <span class="bld">Antarāye satī</span>ti dasavidhesu antarāyesu aññatarasmiṃ sati. ‘‘Gacchissāmī’’ti nikkhantā, nadī vā pūrā, vanadāho vā āgato, corā vā magge honti, megho vā uṭṭhahati, nivattituṃ vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="centered">Cārikanapakkamanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Tuvaṭṭavaggo catuttho.</p>
<p class="title">5. Cittāgāravaggo</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Rājāgārasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kīḷanacittasāla</span>nti na raññova kīḷanacittasālaṃ, atha kho yesaṃ kesañci manussānaṃ kīḷanatthaṃ yattha katthaci katasālaṃ. Esa nayo <span class="bld">‘‘kīḷanaupavana’’</span>ntiādīsupi. Yathāha ‘‘rājāgāraṃ nāma yattha katthaci rañño kīḷituṃ ramituṃ kataṃ hotī’’tiādiko (pāci. 979) vitthāro. Tattha <span class="bld">kīḷanaupavana</span>nti kīḷanatthaṃ antonagare kataṃ ārāmaṃ. <span class="bld">Kīḷanuyyāna</span>nti tatheva bahinagare kataṃ uyyānaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Rājāgārasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">2. Āsandiparibhuñjanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Atikkantappamāṇā</span>ti <a name="M0.0477"></a><a name="V0.0443"></a> aṭṭhaṅgulato atikkantappamāṇapādakā. <span class="bld">Vutto</span>ti padabhājaniyaṃ vutto. ‘‘Akappiyarūpākulo akappiyamañco pallaṅko’’ti (sārattha. ṭī. mahāvagga 3.254) <span class="bld">sārasamāsācariyo</span>.</p>
<p class="centered">Āsandiparibhuñjanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">3. Suttakantanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ujjavujjave</span>ti uggiritvā uggiritvā veṭhane. <span class="bld">Kantitasuttaṃ kantantiyā</span>ti dasikasuttādiṃ saṅghāṭetvā kantantiyā, dukkantitaṃ vā paṭikantantiyā.</p>
<p class="centered">Suttakantanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">4. Gihiveyyāvaccasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Attano veyyāvaccakarassa cā</span>ti sacepi mātāpitaro āgacchanti, yaṃ kiñci bījaniṃ vā sammuñjanidaṇḍakaṃ vā kārāpetvā veyyāvaccakaraṭṭhāne ṭhapetvā yaṃ kiñci vā pacituṃ vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="centered">Gihiveyyāvaccasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">5-6. Adhikaraṇādisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anantarāyikinī</span>ti dasavidhesu antarāyesu ekenāpi anantarāyikinī. Dhuraṃ nikkhipitvā pacchā vinicchinantī āpattiṃ āpajjitvāva vinicchināti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Chaṭṭhaṃ uttānatthameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Adhikaraṇādisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">7. Āvasathacīvarasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āpadāsū</span>ti <a name="M0.0478"></a><a name="V0.0444"></a> mahagghacīvaraṃ sarīrato mocetvā suppaṭisāmitampi corā haranti, evarūpāsu āpadāsu anissajjitvā nivāsentiyā anāpatti.</p>
<p class="centered">Āvasathacīvarasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">8. Āvasathavihārasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kavāṭabaddhavihāra</span>nti dvārabaddhavihāraṃ. <span class="bld">Gilānāyā</span>ti vacībhedaṃ kātuṃ asamatthāya. <span class="bld">Āpadāsū</span>ti raṭṭhe bhijjante āvāse chaḍḍetvā gacchanti, evarūpāsu āpadāsu.</p>
<p class="centered">Āvasathavihārasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">9. Tiracchānavijjāpariyāpuṇanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Hatthi</span>ādīsupi (sārattha. ṭī. pācittiya 3.1015) <span class="bld">sippa</span>saddo paccekaṃ yojetabbo, tathā <span class="bld">āthabbaṇā</span>dīsu <span class="bld">manta</span>saddo. Tattha <span class="bld">tharū</span>ti khaggamuṭṭhi. <span class="bld">Āthabbaṇamanto</span> nāma āthabbaṇavedavihito parūpaghātakaro manto. <span class="bld">Khilanamanto</span> nāma dārusārakhilaṃ mantetvā pathaviyaṃ pavesetvā māraṇamanto. <span class="bld">Agadappayogo</span> nāma visayojanaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Tiracchānavijjāpariyāpuṇanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">10. Tiracchānavijjāvācanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Lekhe</span>ti likhasippe. <span class="bld">Dhāraṇāya vā</span>ti dhāraṇasatthe, yasmiṃ vuttanayena paṭipajjantā bahūnipi ganthāni dhārenti. <span class="bld">Nāgamaṇḍalādike</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">nāgamaṇḍalaṃ</span> nāma sappānaṃ pavesanivāraṇatthaṃ maṇḍalabaddhamanto.</p>
<p class="centered">Tiracchānavijjāvācanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Cittāgāravaggo pañcamo.</p>
<p class="title">6. Ārāmavaggo</p>
<p class="subhead">1-2. Ārāmapavisanādisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sīsānulokikāyā</span>ti <a name="M0.0479"></a><a name="V0.0445"></a> sīsaṃ anulokentiyā. <span class="bld">Yattha vā bhikkhuniyo sannipatitā</span>ti yattha bhikkhuniyo paṭhamataraṃ sajjhāyanacetiyavandanādiatthaṃ sannipatitā. <span class="bld">Āpadāsū</span>ti kenaci upaddutā hoti, evarūpāsu āpadāsu pavisituṃ vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dutiyaṃ uttānatthameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Ārāmapavisanādisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">3-4. Gaṇaparibhāsanādisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sesa</span>nti ‘‘atthadhammaanusāsanipurekkhārāyā’’tiādikaṃ avasesaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">anusāsanipurekkhārāyā</span>ti ‘‘idānipi tvaṃ bālā abyattā’’tiādinā (pāci. aṭṭha. 1036) nayena anusāsanipakkhe ṭhatvā vadantiyā anāpatti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Catutthaṃ uttānatthameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Gaṇaparibhāsanādisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">5. Kulamaccharinīsikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kule maccharo kulamaccharo</span>ti purimasmiṃ pakkhe sakatthe <span class="bld">inī</span>paccayo, taṃ kulaṃ assaddhaṃ appasannanti kulassa aguṇaṃ, ayasaṃ vā bhāsantiyāti attho. <span class="bld">Bhikkhunīnaṃ avaṇṇaṃ bhāsantiyā</span>ti ‘‘bhikkhuniyo dussīlā pāpadhammā’’ti (pāci. aṭṭha. 1043) bhikkhunīnaṃ aguṇaṃ, ayasaṃ vā bhāsantiyā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Santaṃyeva</span> <a name="V0.0446"></a> <span class="bld">ādīnava</span>nti kulassa vā bhikkhunīnaṃ vā santaṃyeva aguṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Kulamaccharinīsikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">6-8. Abhikkhukāvāsādisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samantapāsādikāyaṃ</span> <a name="M0.0480"></a> <span class="bld">vutto</span>ti samantapāsādikāya ovādavaggassa paṭhamasikkhāpade (pāci. aṭṭha. 144) vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sattamaṭṭhamāni uttānatthāneva.</p>
<p class="centered">Abhikkhukāvāsādisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">9-10. Ovādūpasaṅkamanādisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Uposathassa pucchanaṃ <span class="bld">uposathapucchā,</span> sāvakapaccayaṃ, rassattañca katvā <span class="bld">‘‘uposathapucchaka’’</span>nti vuttāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘uposathapucchana’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Ovādatthāyā</span>ti ovādayācanatthāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dasamaṃ uttānatthameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Ovādūpasaṅkamanādisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Ārāmavaggo chaṭṭho.</p>
<p class="title">7. Gabbhinīvaggo</p>
<p class="subhead">1-2. Gabbhinīādisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paṭhamaṃ <a name="V0.0447"></a> uttānatthameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Thane bhavaṃ <span class="bld">thaññaṃ,</span> khīraṃ. <span class="bld">Yaṃ pāyetī</span>ti yaṃ dārakaṃ pāyeti.</p>
<p class="centered">Gabbhinīādisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">3. Paṭhamasikkhamānasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Padabhājane vuttanayenā</span>ti ‘‘pāṇātipātā veramaṇiṃ dve vassāni avītikkamma samādānaṃ samādiyāmi…pe… vikālabhojanā veramaṇiṃ dve vassāni <a name="M0.0481"></a> avītikkamma samādānaṃ samādiyāmī’’ti (pāci. 1079) padabhājanasamīpe aṭṭhuppattiyaṃ vuttanayena. Imā pana cha sikkhāyo saṭṭhivassāyapi pabbajitāya dātabbāyeva, na etāsu asikkhitā upasampādetabbā.</p>
<p class="centered">Paṭhamasikkhamānasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">4-5. Dutiyasikkhamānādisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Padabhājane vuttā upasampadāsammuti na dinnā hotī</span>ti padabhājanasamīpe aṭṭhuppattiyaṃ vuttā upasampadāsammuti ñattidutiyāya kammavācāya na dinnā hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pañcamaṃ uttānatthameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Dutiyasikkhamānādisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">6-10. Dutiyagihigatādisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dasavassāya <a name="V0.0448"></a> gihigatāya sikkhāsammutiṃ datvā paripuṇṇadvādasavassaṃ upasampādetuṃ vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sattamaaṭṭhamanavamadasamāni uttānatthāneva.</p>
<p class="centered">Dutiyagihigatādisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Gabbhinīvaggo sattamo.</p>
<p class="title">8. Kumāribhūtavaggo</p>
<p class="subhead">1-5. Paṭhamakumāribhūtādisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbapaṭhamā dve mahāsikkhamānā</span>ti gabbhinivagge vuttā dve sikkhamānā. <span class="bld">‘‘Sikkhamānā’’icceva vattabbā</span>ti sammutikammādīsu evaṃ vattabbā. <span class="bld">‘‘Gihigatā’’ti</span> <a name="M0.0482"></a> <span class="bld">vā ‘‘kumāribhūtā’’ti vā na vattabbā</span>ti sace vadanti, kammaṃ kuppatīti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Catutthapañcamāni uttānatthāneva.</p>
<p class="centered">Paṭhamakumāribhūtādisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">6-8. Khīyanadhammādisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vuṭṭhāpanasammutiyā yācitāyā</span>ti upasampadāsammutiyā yācitāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sattamaṭṭhamāni uttānatthāneva.</p>
<p class="centered">Khīyanadhammādisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">9. Sokāvāsasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āgacchamānā</span>ti <a name="V0.0449"></a> āgacchantī.</p>
<p class="centered">Sokāvāsasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">10. Ananuññātasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tesaṃ atthibhāvaṃ ajānantiyā</span>ti (pāci. aṭṭha. 1163) tesaṃ mātādīnaṃ atthibhāvaṃ ajānantiyā. <span class="bld">Ananuññātasamuṭṭhāna</span>nti yaṃ vācato, kāyavācato, vācācittato, kāyavācācittato ca samuṭṭhāti, taṃ ananuññātasamuṭṭhānaṃ. Kathaṃ? Abbhānakammādīsu kenacideva karaṇīyena khaṇḍasīmāyaṃ nisinnā ‘‘pakkosatha sikkhamānaṃ, idheva naṃ upasampādessāmā’’ti upasampādeti, evaṃ vācato samuṭṭhāti. ‘‘Upassayato uṭṭhāya upasampādessāmī’’ti vatvā khaṇḍasīmaṃ gacchantiyā kāyavācato samuṭṭhāti. Dvīsu ṭhānesu paṇṇattiṃ jānitvā vītikkamaṃ karontiyā vācācittato, kāyavācācittato ca samuṭṭhāti. Ananujānāpetvā upasampādanato <span class="bld">kiriyākiriyaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="centered">Ananuññātasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">11. Pārivāsikasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dāruṇa</span>nti <a name="M0.0483"></a> pāpaṃ. <span class="bld">Patimānenta</span>nti olokentaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Pārivāsikasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">12. Anuvassasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekantarika</span>nti ekena vassena antarikaṃ katvā.</p>
<p class="centered">Anuvassasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">13. Ekavassasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Mātikāyaṃ <a name="V0.0450"></a> <span class="bld">ekaṃ vassaṃ dve</span>ti ekantarike ekekasmiṃ saṃvacchare dve. <span class="bld">Ekantarikaṃ vuṭṭhāpentiyā</span>ti imasmiṃ vasse ekaṃ, puna ekantarikaṃ ekanti dve vuṭṭhāpentiyā anāpatti.</p>
<p class="centered">Ekavassasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Kumāribhūtavaggo aṭṭhamo.</p>
<p class="title">9. Chattupāhanavaggo</p>
<p class="subhead">1-2. Chattupāhanādisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vuttalakkhaṇaṃ chatta</span>nti ‘‘chattaṃ nāma tīṇi chattāni – setacchattaṃ, kilañjacchattaṃ, paṇṇacchattaṃ maṇḍalabaddhaṃ, salākabaddha’’nti (pāci. 1181) evaṃ padabhājane vuttalakkhaṇaṃ chattaṃ. <span class="bld">Tādisaṃ ṭhānaṃ patvā</span>ti gacchakaddamādīsu taṃ taṃ ṭhānaṃ patvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Chattassevā</span>ti kaddamādīni patvā upāhanā omuñcitvā chattasseva dhāraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Upāhanānaṃyeva vā</span>ti gacchādīni disvā chattaṃ apanāmetvā upāhanānaṃyeva dhāraṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dutiyaṃ uttānatthameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Chattupāhanādisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">3-5. Saṅghāṇiādisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saṅghāṇi</span>nti <a name="M0.0484"></a> kaṭiyaṃ anubhavitabbaṃ ābharaṇaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ kiñci kaṭūpaga’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Catutthapañcamāni <a name="V0.0451"></a> uttānatthāneva.</p>
<p class="centered">Saṅghāṇiādisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">6. Vāsitakasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gandhavāsitakenā</span>ti gandhaparibhāvitena.</p>
<p class="centered">Vāsitakasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">7-10. Bhikkhuniummaddāpanādisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gilānāyā</span>ti (pāci. aṭṭha. 1208) antamaso maggagamanaparissamenāpi ābādhikāya. <span class="bld">Āpadāsū</span>ti corabhayādinā sarīrakampanādīsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aṭṭhamanavamadasamesu kiñci vattabbaṃ natthi.</p>
<p class="centered">Bhikkhuniummaddāpanādisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">11. Anāpucchāsikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upacāraṃ sandhāyā</span>ti samantā dvādasahatthūpacāraṃ sandhāya.</p>
<p class="centered">Anāpucchāsikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">12. Pañhāpucchanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anodissā</span>ti ‘‘amukasmiṃ nāma ṭhāne pucchāmī’’ti evaṃ aniyametvā kevalaṃ ‘‘pucchitabbaṃ atthi, pucchāmi, ayyā’’ti evaṃ vatvā.</p>
<p class="centered">Pañhāpucchanasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">13. Asaṃkaccikasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Parikkhittassa</span> <a name="M0.0485"></a><a name="V0.0452"></a> <span class="bld">gāmassa parikkhepaṃ, aparikkhittassa upacāraṃ atikkamantiyā vā okkamantiyā vā</span>ti ettha parikkhittassa gāmassa parikkhepaṃ atikkamantiyā vā aparikkhittassa gāmassa upacāraṃ okkamantiyā vāti yathākkamaṃ sambandho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Āpadāsū</span>ti mahagghaṃ saṃkaccikaṃ pārupitvā gacchantiyā upaddavo uppajjati, evarūpāsu āpadāsu.</p>
<p class="centered">Asaṃkaccikasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Chattupāhanavaggo navamo.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti kaṅkhāvitaraṇiyā pātimokkhavaṇṇanāya</p>
<p class="centered">Vinayatthamañjūsāyaṃ līnatthappakāsaniyaṃ</p>
<p class="centered">Bhikkhunipātimokkhe pācittiyavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Asādhāraṇasamuṭṭhānavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Acittakānī</span>ti (sārattha. ṭī. pācittiya 3.1214) ‘‘nacca’’ntiādinā ajānitvā dassanādiṃ karontiyā āpattisambhavato vatthuajānanacittena acittakāni. <span class="bld">Lokavajjānī</span>ti ‘‘nacca’’ntiādinā jānitvā dassanādiṃ karontiyā akusaleneva āpajjanato lokavajjāni. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ayaṃ panettha adhippāyo’’</span>tiādi <span class="bld">sacittakānī</span>ti ‘‘corī’’tiādinā vatthuṃ jānitvā karaṇeyeva āpattisambhavato sacittakāni. Upasampadādīnaṃ ekantākusalacitteneva akattabbattā <span class="bld">paṇṇattivajjāni</span>. ‘‘Idha sacittakācittakatā paṇṇattijānanājānanatāya aggaheṭṭhā vatthujānanājānanatāya gahetabba’’nti vadanti.</p>
<p class="centered">Asādhāraṇasamuṭṭhānavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter">Pāṭidesanīyakaṇḍaṃ</p>
<p class="subhead">2. Telaviññāpanādisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pāḷiyaṃ</span> <a name="M0.0486"></a><a name="V0.0453"></a> <span class="bld">anāgatesu pana aṭṭhasupī</span>ti pāḷimuttakesu sappiādīsu aṭṭhasupi.</p>
<p class="centered">Telaviññāpanādisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti kaṅkhāvitaraṇiyā pātimokkhavaṇṇanāya</p>
<p class="centered">Vinayatthamañjūsāyaṃ līnatthappakāsaniyaṃ</p>
<p class="centered">Bhikkhunipātimokkhe pāṭidesanīyavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Parimaṇḍalādisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sekhiyāni cevā</span>ti pañcasattati sekhiyāni ceva. <span class="bld">‘‘Bhikkhupātimokkhavaṇṇanāyaṃ vuttanayeneva veditabbā’’</span>ti iminā yasmā tādisaṃyevettha atthavinicchayaṃ vidū vadanti, tasmā visuṃ tesaṃ atthavaṇṇanā na vuttā. Tattha yā vuttā, sā idhāpi vuttāyevāti dasseti.</p>
<p class="centered">Parimaṇḍalādisikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti kaṅkhāvitaraṇiyā pātimokkhavaṇṇanāya</p>
<p class="centered">Vinayatthamañjūsāyaṃ līnatthappakāsaniyaṃ</p>
<p class="centered">Bhikkhunipātimokkhavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Nigamanakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yaṃ <a name="V0.0454"></a> pātimokkhassa vaṇṇanaṃ ārabhinti sambandho. <span class="bld">‘‘Mahāvihāravāsīna’’</span>nti idaṃ purimapacchimapadehi saddhiṃ sambandhitabbaṃ, mahāvihāravāsīnaṃ porāṇaṭṭhakathāhi vāti ca. <span class="bld">Pāḷiyatthañca kevala</span>nti sakalaṃ pāḷiatthañca, ubhatovibhaṅgañcāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti etissaṃ kaṅkhāvitaraṇiyaṃ. Yasmā <a name="M0.0487"></a> na hi atthīti sambandho. <span class="bld">Ya</span>nti yaṃ padaṃ. <span class="bld">Sīhaḷaṭṭhakathānaya</span>nti sīhaḷamātikaṭṭhakathānayaṃ. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhakathāsāra</span>nti sīhaḷamātikaṭṭhakathāyaṃ atthasāraṃ, atha vā vinayaṭṭhakathāsu atthasāraṃ. Tenetaṃ dasseti – sīhaḷamātikaṭṭhakathāyaṃ atthasāraṃ ādāya imaṃ kaṅkhāvitaraṇiṃ karonto vinayaṭṭhakathāsupi idha vinicchaye yogakkhamaṃ atthasāraṃ ādāyeva akāsinti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni sadevakassa lokassa accantasukhādhigamāya attano puññaṃ pariṇāmento <span class="bld">‘‘yathā ca niṭṭhaṃ sampattā’’</span>tiādigāthādvayamāha. <span class="bld">Kalyāṇanissitā</span>ti kusalanissitā. <span class="bld">Sabbasattāna</span>nti kāmāvacarādibhedānaṃ sabbesaṃ sattānaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Nigamanakathāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Nigamanakathā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettāvatā ca –</p>
<p class="hangnum"><a name="para1"></a><span class="paranum">1</span>.</p>
<p class="gatha1"> Laṅkissaro yo vijitārirājo;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Rājā <span class="bld">parakkantabhujo</span> yasassī;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Tidhāgataṃ sīhaḷamekarajjaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Akā nikāyañca tathā samaggaṃ.</p>
<p class="hangnum"><a name="para2"></a><span class="paranum">2</span>.</p>
<p class="gatha1"> Pure <span class="bld">pulatthimhi</span> vare purānaṃ;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Majjhamhi nānāratanākarānaṃ;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Anantasampattibharābhirāme;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Varācaluttaṅgagharābhirāme.</p>
<p class="hangnum"><a name="para3"></a><span class="paranum">3</span>.</p>
<p class="gatha1"> Abhejjapākārasugopurasmiṃ<a name="V0.0455"></a>;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Nirākulānekakulākulasmiṃ;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Munindadāṭhaṅkuravāsabhūte;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Yo locanānandavahe vasanto.</p>
<p class="hangnum"><a name="para4"></a><span class="paranum">4</span>.</p>
<p class="gatha1"> Suphullitabbhoruhasādusīta <a name="M0.0488"></a></p>
<p class="gatha2">Pasannanīrehi jalāsayehi;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Supupphitānekakadambajambu-</p>
<p class="gathalast">Punnāganāgādihi vābhiramme.</p>
<p class="hangnum"><a name="para5"></a><span class="paranum">5</span>.</p>
<p class="gatha1"> Sudhāvadātehi manoharehi;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Pākārapantīhi ca gopurehi;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Vikiṇṇamuttāphalasannibhehi;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Vilokanīyehi sudhātalehi.</p>
<p class="hangnum"><a name="para6"></a><span class="paranum">6</span>.</p>
<p class="gatha1"> Katvāna pāsādasahassaramme;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Tahiṃ tahiṃ pītikare vihāre;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Mahādayo jetavanādayopi;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Susaṃyamānaṃ yatinaṃ adāsi.</p>
<p class="hangnum"><a name="para7"></a><span class="paranum">7</span>.</p>
<p class="gatha1"> Yo sādubhūtaṃ catupaccayañca;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Guṇappasanno samaṇesu tesu;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Niccaṃ mahoghaṃ viya vattayanto;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Yojeti te ganthavipassanāsu.</p>
<p class="hangnum"><a name="para8"></a><span class="paranum">8</span>.</p>
<p class="gatha1"> Kāritesu vihāresu, tena tesu yasassinā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Rammo yo pacchimārāmo, pupphārāmādisobhito.</p>
<p class="hangnum"><a name="para9"></a><span class="paranum">9</span>.</p>
<p class="gatha1"> Pariveṇamhi nāmena, tahiṃ <span class="bld">coḷakulantike</span>;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Pāsāde dassanīyamhi, vasanto karuṇāparo.</p>
<p class="hangnum"><a name="para10"></a><span class="paranum">10</span>.</p>
<p class="gatha1"> Sisso <a name="V0.0456"></a> sasīkarasvaccha-sīlācārassa dhīmato;</p>
<p class="gathalast"><span class="bld">Sāriputtamahāthera</span>-mahāsāmissa tādino.</p>
<p class="hangnum"><a name="para11"></a><span class="paranum">11</span>.</p>
<p class="gatha1"> Dhīrānekaguṇoghena, therena sucivuttinā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Vinayaṭṭhitikāmena, <span class="bld">sumedhenā</span>bhiyācito.</p>
<p class="hangnum"><a name="para12"></a><span class="paranum">12</span>.</p>
<p class="gatha1"> So <span class="bld">buddhanāgatthero</span>haṃ, bhikkhūnaṃ paramaṃ hitaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Mahāvihāravāsīnaṃ, yatīnaṃ samayānugaṃ.</p>
<p class="hangnum"><a name="para13"></a><span class="paranum">13</span>.</p>
<p class="gatha1"> Vinayatthādimañjūsaṃ<a name="M0.0489"></a>, līnatthassa pakāsaniṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Mātikaṭṭhakathāyemaṃ, akāsiṃ sādhu vaṇṇanaṃ.</p>
<p class="hangnum"><a name="para14"></a><span class="paranum">14</span>.</p>
<p class="gatha1"> Sāyaṃ subodhā budhavaṇṇanīyā;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Saṃvaṇṇanā sattasahassamattā;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Nirākarontī vinayamhi mohaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tamaṃ carantī sasi kheva bhātu.</p>
<p class="hangnum"><a name="para15"></a><span class="paranum">15</span>.</p>
<p class="gatha1"> Ākaṅkhamānena paratthamiṭṭhaṃ;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Mahatthasāraṃ suvinicchayañca;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Saṃvaṇṇanaṃ sādhu pakubbatā yaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Citaṃ mayā puññamanappabhūtaṃ.</p>
<p class="hangnum"><a name="para16"></a><span class="paranum">16</span>.</p>
<p class="gatha1"> Puññena tenācitadānasīla-</p>
<p class="gatha2">Mayādinānekavidhena ceva;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Sattā anīghā sukhino averā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Pappontu sabbe sugatiṃ sivañca.</p>
<p class="hangnum"><a name="para17"></a><span class="paranum">17</span>.</p>
<p class="gatha1"> Saddhiṃ yathopaddavamantarena;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Gatā hi līnatthapadīpanīyaṃ;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Tathā <a name="V0.0457"></a> janānaṃ api dhammayuttā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Manorathā siddhimupentu niccaṃ.</p>
<p class="hangnum"><a name="para18"></a><span class="paranum">18</span>.</p>
<p class="gatha1"> Kāle pavassantu sadā payodā;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Dhammena pālentu mahiṃ mahindā;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Sattā pasannā ratanattayasmiṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Dānādipuññābhiratā bhavantūti.</p>
<p class="centered">Vinayatthamañjūsā līnatthappakāsanīnāmikākaṅkhāvitaraṇīabhinavaṭīkā niṭṭhitā.</p>
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