iapt-platform
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mint
mirror de https://github.com/iapt-platform/mint.git


			
				
					
						
						
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<p class="centered"> Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa</p>
<p class="nikaya">Majjhimanikāye</p>
<a name="mn1"></a>
<p class="book">Mūlapaṇṇāsa-ṭīkā</p>
<p class="subhead">(Paṭhamo bhāgo)</p>
<a name="mn1_0"></a>
<p class="chapter">Ganthārambhakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subsubhead">Ganthārambhakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para1"></a><a name="para1_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">1</span>. Saṃvaṇṇanārambhe <a name="V1.0001"></a><a name="M1.0001"></a> ratanattayavandanā saṃvaṇṇetabbassa dhammassa pabhavanissayavisuddhipaṭivedanatthaṃ, taṃ pana dhammasaṃvaṇṇanāsu viññūnaṃ bahumānuppādanatthaṃ, taṃ sammadeva tesaṃ uggahadhāraṇādikkamaladdhabbāya sammāpaṭipattiyā sabbahitasukhanipphādanatthaṃ. Atha vā maṅgalabhāvato, sabbakiriyāsu pubbakiccabhāvato, paṇḍitehi samācaritabhāvato, āyatiṃ paresaṃ diṭṭhānugatiāpajjanato ca saṃvaṇṇanāyaṃ ratanattayapaṇāmakiriyā. Atha vā ratanattayapaṇāmakaraṇaṃ pūjanīyapūjāpuññavisesanibbattanatthaṃ. Taṃ attano yathāladdhasampattinimittakassa kammassa balānuppadānatthaṃ. Antarā ca tassa asaṅkocanatthaṃ. Tadubhayaṃ anantarāyena aṭṭhakathāya parisamāpanatthaṃ. Idameva ca payojanaṃ ācariyena idhādhippetaṃ. Tathā hi vakkhati ‘‘iti me pasannamatino…pe… tassānubhāvenā’’ti. Vatthuttayapūjāhi niratisayapuññakkhettasaṃbuddhiyā aparimeyyapabhāvo puññātisayoti bahuvidhantarāyepi lokasannivāse <a name="V1.0002"></a> antarāyanibandhanasakalasaṃkilesaviddhaṃsanāya pahoti. Bhayādiupaddavañca nivāreti. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Pūjārahe pūjayato. Buddhe yadi va sāvake’’tiādi (dha. pa. 195; apa. 1.10.1), tathā <a name="M1.0002"></a> –</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Ye, bhikkhave, buddhe pasannā, agge te pasannā, agge kho pana pasannānaṃ aggo vipāko hotī’’tiādi (itivu. 90, 91),</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Buddhoti kittayantassa, kāye bhavati yā pīti;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Varameva hi sā pīti, kasiṇenapi jambudīpassa.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Dhammoti kittayantassa…pe… kasiṇenapi jambudīpassa;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Saṅghoti kittayantassa…pe… kasiṇenapi jambudīpassā’’ti. (itivu. aṭṭha. 90),</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā –</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Yasmiṃ mahānāma samaye ariyasāvako tathāgataṃ anussarati, nevassa tasmiṃ samaye rāgapariyuṭṭhitaṃ cittaṃ hoti, na dosa…pe… na mohapariyuṭṭhitaṃ cittaṃ hotī’’tiādi (a. ni. 6.10; 11.11),</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Araññe rukkhamūle vā…pe…</p>
<p class="gatha2">Bhayaṃ vā chambhitattaṃ vā,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Lomahaṃso na hessatī’’ti ca. (saṃ. ni. 2.249);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha yassa vatthuttayassa vandanaṃ kattukāmo, tassa guṇātisayayogasandassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘karuṇāsītalahadaya’’</span>ntiādinā gāthāttayamāha. Guṇātisayayogena hi vandanārahabhāvo, vandanārahe ca katā vandanā yathādhippetaṃ payojanaṃ sādhetīti. Tattha yassā desanāya saṃvaṇṇanaṃ kattukāmo. Sā na vinayadesanā viya karuṇāppadhānā, nāpi abhidhammadesanā viya paññāppadhānā<a name="V1.0003"></a>, atha kho karuṇāpaññāppadhānāti tadubhayappadhānameva tāva sammāsambuddhassa thomanaṃ kātuṃ tammūlakattā sesaratanānaṃ ‘‘karuṇāsītalahadaya’’ntiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha kiratīti karuṇā, paradukkhaṃ vikkhipati apanetīti attho. Atha vā kiṇātīti karuṇā, paradukkhe sati kāruṇikaṃ hiṃsati vibādhatīti attho. Paradukkhe sati sādhūnaṃ kampanaṃ hadayakhedaṃ karotīti vā karuṇā. Atha vā kamiti sukhaṃ, taṃ rundhatīti karuṇā. Esā hi paradukkhāpanayanakāmatālakkhaṇā attasukhanirapekkhatāya kāruṇikānaṃ sukhaṃ rundhati vibandhatīti attho<a name="M1.0003"></a>. Karuṇāya sītalaṃ karuṇāsītalaṃ, karuṇāsītalaṃ hadayaṃ assāti karuṇāsītalahadayo, taṃ <span class="bld">karuṇāsītalahadayaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha kiñcāpi paresaṃ hitopasaṃhārasukhādiaparihānicchanasabhāvatāya, byāpādāratīnaṃ ujuvipaccanīkatāya ca parasattasantānagatasantāpavicchedanākārappavattiyā mettāmuditānampi cittasītalabhāvakāraṇatā upalabbhati, tathāpi paradukkhāpanayanākārappavattiyā parūpatāpāsahanarasā avihiṃsābhūtā karuṇāva visesena bhagavato cittassa cittapassaddhi viya sītibhāvanimittanti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘karuṇāsītalahadaya’’</span>nti. Karuṇāmukhena vā mettāmuditānampi hadayasītalabhāvakāraṇatā vuttāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Atha vā asādhāraṇañāṇavisesanibandhanabhūtā sātisayaṃ niravasesañca sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ viya savisayabyāpitāya mahākaruṇābhāvaṃ upagatā karuṇāva bhagavato atisayena hadayasītalabhāvahetūti āha <span class="bld">‘‘karuṇāsītalahadaya’’</span>nti. Atha vā satipi mettāmuditānaṃ sātisaye hadayasītibhāvanibandhanatte sakalabuddhaguṇavisesakāraṇatāya tāsampi kāraṇanti karuṇāva bhagavato ‘‘hadayasītalabhāvakāraṇa’’nti vuttā. Karuṇānidānā hi sabbepi buddhaguṇā. Karuṇānubhāvanibbāpiyamānasaṃsāradukkhasantāpassa hi bhagavato paradukkhāpanayanakāmatāya anekānipi asaṅkhyeyyāni kappānaṃ akilantarūpasseva niravasesabuddhakaradhammasambharaṇaniratassa samadhigatadhammādhipateyyassa ca sannihitesupi sattasaṅkhārasamupanītahadayūpatāpanimittesu na īsakampi cittasītibhāvassa aññathattamahosīti. Etasmiñca atthavikappe tīsupi avatthāsu bhagavato karuṇā saṅgahitāti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pajānātīti paññā, yathāsabhāvaṃ pakārehi paṭivijjhatīti attho. Paññāva ñeyyāvaraṇappahānato pakārehi dhammasabhāvajotanaṭṭhena pajjototi paññāpajjoto. Savāsanappahānato visesena hataṃ samugghātitaṃ vihataṃ, paññāpajjotena vihataṃ paññāpajjotavihataṃ. Muyhanti tena, sayaṃ vā muyhati, mohanamattameva vā tanti moho, avijjā, sveva visayasabhāvapaṭicchādanato andhakārasarikkhatāya tamo viyāti tamo, paññāpajjotavihato <a name="V1.0004"></a> mohatamo etassāti paññāpajjotavihatamohatamo, taṃ <span class="bld">paññāpajjotavihatamohatamaṃ</span>. Sabbesampi <a name="M1.0004"></a> hi khīṇāsavānaṃ satipi paññāpajjotena avijjandhakārassa vihatabhāve saddhāvimuttehi viya diṭṭhippattānaṃ sāvakehi paccekasambuddhehi ca savāsanappahānena sammāsambuddhānaṃ kilesappahānassa viseso vijjatīti sātisayena avijjāpahānena bhagavantaṃ thomento āha <span class="bld">‘‘paññāpajjotavihatamohatama’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha vā antarena paropadesaṃ attano santāne accantaṃ avijjandhakāravigamassa nibbattitattā, tathā sabbaññutāya balesu ca vasībhāvassa samadhigatattā, parasantatiyañca dhammadesanātisayānubhāvena sammadeva tassa pavattitattā bhagavāva visesato mohatamavigamena thometabboti āha <span class="bld">‘‘paññāpajjotavihatamohatama’’</span>nti. Imasmiñca atthavikappe ‘‘paññāpajjoto’’ti padena bhagavato paṭivedhapaññā viya desanāpaññāpi sāmaññaniddesena, ekasesanayena vā saṅgahitāti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha vā bhagavato ñāṇassa ñeyyapariyantikattā sakalañeyyadhammasabhāvāvabodhanasamatthena anāvaraṇañāṇasaṅkhātena paññāpajjotena sabbañeyyadhammasabhāvacchādakassa mohandhakārassa vidhamitattā anaññasādhāraṇo bhagavato mohatamavināsoti katvā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘paññāpajjotavihatamohatama’’</span>nti. Ettha ca mohatamavidhamanante adhigatattā anāvaraṇañāṇaṃ kāraṇūpacārena sasantāne mohatamavidhamananti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Abhinīhārasampattiyā savāsanappahānameva hi kilesānaṃ ñeyyāvaraṇappahānanti, parasantāne pana mohatamavidhamanassa kāraṇabhāvato anāvaraṇañāṇaṃ ‘‘mohatamavidhamana’’nti vuccatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kiṃ pana kāraṇaṃ avijjāsamugghātoyeveko pahānasampattivasena bhagavato thomanānimittaṃ gayhati, na pana sātisayaṃ niravasesakilesappahānanti? Tappahānavacaneneva tadekaṭṭhatāya sakalasaṃkilesagaṇasamugghātassa jotitabhāvato. Na hi so tādiso kileso atthi, yo niravasesaavijjāppahānena na pahīyatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha vā vijjā viya sakalakusaladhammasamuppattiyā niravasesākusaladhammanibbattiyā saṃsārappavattiyā ca avijjā padhānakāraṇanti tabbighātavacanena <a name="M1.0005"></a> sakalasaṃkilesagaṇasamugghāto vuttoyeva hotīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘paññāpajjotavihatamohatama’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Narā <a name="V1.0005"></a> ca amarā ca narāmarā, saha narāmarehīti sanarāmaro, sanarāmaro ca so loko cāti sanarāmaraloko. Tassa garūti sanarāmaralokagaru, taṃ <span class="bld">sanarāmaralokagaruṃ</span>. Etena devamanussānaṃ viya tadavasiṭṭhasattānampi yathārahaṃ guṇavisesāvahatāya bhagavato upakāritaṃ dasseti. Na cettha padhānāppadhānabhāvo codetabbo. Añño hi saddakkamo, añño atthakkamo. Edisesu hi samāsapadesu padhānampi appadhānaṃ viya niddisīyati yathā ‘‘sarājikāya parisāyā’’ti (cūḷava. 336). Kāmañcettha sattasaṅkhārokāsavasena tividho loko, garubhāvassa pana adhippetattā garukaraṇasamatthasseva yujjanato sattalokassa vasena attho gahetabbo. So hi lokīyanti ettha puññapāpāni tabbipāko cāti ‘‘loko’’ti vuccati. Amaraggahaṇena cettha upapattidevā adhippetā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha vā samūhattho lokasaddo samudāyavasena lokīyati paññāpīyatīti. Saha narehīti sanarā, sanarā ca te amarā cāti sanarāmarā, tesaṃ lokoti sanarāmaralokoti purimanayeneva yojetabbaṃ. Amarasaddena cettha visuddhidevāpi saṅgayhanti. Te hi maraṇābhāvato paramatthato amarā. Narāmarānaṃyeva ca gahaṇaṃ ukkaṭṭhaniddesavasena yathā ‘‘satthā devamanussāna’’nti (dī. ni. 1.157). Tathā hi sabbānatthaparihārapubbaṅgamāya niravasesahitasukhavidhānatapparāya niratisayāya payogasampattiyā sadevamanussāya pajāya accantūpakāritāya aparimitanirupamappabhāvaguṇavisesasamaṅgitāya ca sabbasattuttamo bhagavā aparimāṇāsu lokadhātūsu aparimāṇānaṃ sattānaṃ uttamagāravaṭṭhānaṃ. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sanarāmaralokagaru’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sobhanaṃ gataṃ gamanaṃ etassāti sugato. Bhagavato hi veneyyajanupasaṅkamanaṃ ekantena tesaṃ hitasukhanipphādanato sobhanaṃ, tathā <a name="M1.0006"></a> lakkhaṇānubyañjanapaṭimaṇḍitarūpakāyatāya dutavilambita-khalitānukaḍḍhana-nippīḷanukkuṭika-kuṭilākulatādi-dosarahita-mavahasita-rājahaṃsa- vasabhavāraṇa-migarājagamanaṃ kāyagamanaṃ ñāṇagamanañca vipulanimmalakaruṇā-sativīriyādi-guṇavisesasahitamabhinīhārato yāva mahābodhiṃ anavajjatāya sobhanamevāti. Atha vā sayambhuñāṇena sakalamapi lokaṃ pariññābhisamayavasena parijānanto ñāṇena sammā gato avagatoti sugato. Tathā lokasamudayaṃ pahānābhisamayavasena pajahanto anuppattidhammataṃ āpādento sammā gato atītoti sugato, lokanirodhaṃ nibbānaṃ sacchikiriyābhisamayavasena sammā gato adhigatoti sugato, lokanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ bhāvanābhisamayavasena sammā gato paṭipannoti sugato. ‘‘Sotāpattimaggena ye kilesā pahīnā, te kilese na puneti na pacceti na paccāgacchatīti sugato’’tiādinā (mahāni. 38; cūḷani. 27) nayena ayamattho <a name="V1.0006"></a> vibhāvetabbo. Atha vā sundaraṃ ṭhānaṃ sammāsambodhiṃ, nibbānameva vā gato adhigatoti sugato. Yasmā vā bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ atthasaṃhitaṃ veneyyānaṃ yathārahaṃ kālayuttameva ca dhammaṃ bhāsati, tasmā sammā gadati vadatīti sugato da-kārassa ta-kāraṃ katvā. Iti sobhanagamanatādīhi sugato, taṃ <span class="bld">sugataṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Puññapāpakammehi upapajjanavasena gantabbato gatiyo, upapattibhavavisesā. Tā pana nirayādivasena pañcavidhā. Tāhi sakalassapi bhavagāmikammassa ariyamaggādhigamena avipākārahabhāvakaraṇena nivattitattā bhagavā pañcahipi gatīhi suṭṭhu mutto visaṃyuttoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘gativimutta’’</span>nti. Etena bhagavato katthacipi gatiyā apariyāpannataṃ dasseti, yato bhagavā ‘‘devātidevo’’ti vuccati. Tenevāha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yena devūpapatyassa, gandhabbo vā vihaṅgamo;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Yakkhattaṃ yena gaccheyyaṃ, manussattañca abbaje;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Te mayhaṃ āsavā khīṇā, viddhastā vinaḷīkatā’’ti. (a. ni. 4.36);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Taṃtaṃgatisaṃvattanakānañhi kammakilesānaṃ aggamaggena bodhimūleyeva suppahīnattā natthi bhagavato gatipariyāpannatāti accantameva bhagavā sabbabhavayonigati-viññāṇaṭṭhiti-sattāvāsa-sattanikāyehi parimutto, taṃ <span class="bld">gativimuttaṃ. Vande</span>ti namāmi, thomemīti vā attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha <a name="M1.0007"></a> vā <span class="bld">gativimutta</span>nti anupādisesanibbānadhātuppattiyā bhagavantaṃ thometi. Ettha hi dvīhi ākārehi bhagavato thomanā veditabbā attahitasampattito parahitapaṭipattito ca. Tesu attahitasampatti anāvaraṇañāṇādhigamato savāsanānaṃ sabbesaṃ kilesānaṃ accantappahānato anupādisesanibbānappattito ca veditabbā, parahitapaṭipatti lābhasakkārādinirapekkhacittassa sabbadukkhaniyyānikadhammadesanato viruddhesupi niccaṃ hitajjhāsayato ñāṇaparipākakālāgamanato ca. Sā panettha āsayato payogato ca duvidhā parahitapaṭipatti, tividhā ca attahitasampatti pakāsitā hoti. Kathaṃ? ‘‘Karuṇāsītalahadaya’’nti etena āsayato parahitapaṭipatti, sammāgadanatthena sugatasaddena payogato parahitapaṭipatti, ‘‘paññāpajjotavihatamohatamaṃ gativimutta’’nti etehi catusaccapaṭivedhatthena ca sugatasaddena tividhāpi attahitasampatti, avasiṭṭhaṭṭhena <a name="V1.0007"></a> tena ‘‘paññāpajjotavihatamohatama’’nti etena cāpi sabbāpi attahitasampattiparahitapaṭipatti pakāsitā hotīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha vā tīhi ākārehi bhagavato thomanā veditabbā – hetuto phalato upakārato ca. Tattha <span class="bld">hetu</span> mahākaruṇā, sā paṭhamapadena dassitā. <span class="bld">Phalaṃ</span> catubbidhaṃ ñāṇasampadā pahānasampadā ānubhāvasampadā rūpakāyasampadā cāti. Tāsu ñāṇapahānasampadā dutiyapadena saccapaṭivedhatthena ca sugatasaddena pakāsitā honti, ānubhāvasampadā pana tatiyapadena, rūpakāyasampadā yathāvuttakāyagamanasobhanatthena sugatasaddena lakkhaṇānubyañjanapāripūriyā vinā tadabhāvato. <span class="bld">Upakāro</span> anantaraṃ abāhiraṃ karitvā tividhayānamukhena vimuttidhammadesanā. So sammāgadanatthena sugatasaddena pakāsito hotīti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha ‘‘karuṇāsītalahadaya’’nti etena sammāsambodhiyā mūlaṃ dasseti. Mahākaruṇāsañcoditamānaso hi bhagavā saṃsārapaṅkato sattānaṃ samuddharaṇatthaṃ katābhinīhāro anupubbena pāramiyo pūretvā anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ adhigatoti karuṇā sammāsambodhiyā mūlaṃ. ‘‘Paññāpajjotavihatamohatama’’nti etena sammāsambodhiṃ dasseti<a name="M1.0008"></a>. Anāvaraṇañāṇapadaṭṭhānañhi maggañāṇaṃ, maggañāṇapadaṭṭhānañca anāvaraṇañāṇaṃ ‘‘sammāsambodhī’’ti vuccatīti. Sammāgamanatthena sugatasaddena sammāsambodhiyā paṭipattiṃ dasseti līnuddhaccapatiṭṭhānāyūhanakāmasukhallikattakilamathānuyogasassatucchedābhinivesādi antadvayarahitāya karuṇāpaññāpariggahitāya majjhimāya paṭipattiyā pakāsanato sugatasaddassa. Itarehi sammāsambodhiyā padhānāppadhānabhedaṃ payojanaṃ dasseti. Saṃsāramahoghato sattasantāraṇañhettha padhānaṃ payojanaṃ, tadaññamappadhānaṃ. Tesu padhānena parahitapaṭipattiṃ dasseti, itarena attahitasampattiṃ, tadubhayena attahitāya paṭipannādīsu catūsu puggalesu bhagavato catutthapuggalabhāvaṃ dasseti. Tena ca anuttaradakkhiṇeyyabhāvaṃ uttamavandanīyabhāvaṃ attano ca vandanakiriyāya khettaṅgatabhāvaṃ dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca karuṇāgahaṇena lokiyesu mahaggatabhāvappattāsādhāraṇaguṇadīpanato bhagavato sabbalokiyaguṇasampatti dassitā hoti, paññāgahaṇena sabbaññutaññāṇapadaṭṭhānamaggañāṇadīpanato sabbalokuttaraguṇasampatti. Tadubhayaggahaṇasiddho hi attho ‘‘sanarāmaralokagaru’’ntiādinā vipañcīyatīti. Karuṇāgahaṇena ca upagamanaṃ nirupakkilesaṃ dasseti, paññāgahaṇena apagamanaṃ. Tathā karuṇāgahaṇena lokasamaññānurūpaṃ bhagavato pavattiṃ dasseti lokavohāravisayattā <a name="V1.0008"></a> karuṇāya, paññāgahaṇena samaññāya anatidhāvanaṃ sabhāvānavabodhena hi dhammānaṃ samaññaṃ atidhāvitvā sattādiparāmasanaṃ hotīti. Tathā karuṇāgahaṇena mahākaruṇāsamāpattivihāraṃ dasseti, paññāgahaṇena tīsu kālesu appaṭihatañāṇaṃ catusaccañāṇaṃ catupaṭisambhidāñāṇaṃ catuvesārajjañāṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Karuṇāgahaṇena mahākaruṇāsamāpattiñāṇassa gahitattā sesāsādhāraṇañāṇāni, cha abhiññā, aṭṭhasu parisāsu akampanañāṇāni, dasa balāni, cuddasa buddhañāṇāni, soḷasa ñāṇacariyā, aṭṭhārasa buddhadhammā, catucattālīsa ñāṇavatthūni, sattasattatiñāṇavatthūnīti evamādīnaṃ anekesaṃ paññāpabhedānaṃ vasena ñāṇacāraṃ dasseti. Tathā karuṇāgahaṇena caraṇasampattiṃ, paññāgahaṇena vijjāsampattiṃ. Karuṇāgahaṇena attādhipatitā, paññāgahaṇena dhammādhipatitā. Karuṇāgahaṇena lokanāthabhāvo, paññāgahaṇena <a name="M1.0009"></a> attanāthabhāvo. Tathā karuṇāgahaṇena pubbakāribhāvo, paññāgahaṇena kataññutā. Tathā karuṇāgahaṇena aparantapatā, paññāgahaṇena anattantapatā. Karuṇāgahaṇena vā buddhakaradhammasiddhi, paññāgahaṇena buddhabhāvasiddhi. Tathā karuṇāgahaṇena paresaṃ tāraṇaṃ, paññāgahaṇena sayaṃ taraṇaṃ. Tathā karuṇāgahaṇena sabbasattesu anuggahacittatā, paññāgahaṇena sabbadhammesu virattacittatā dassitā hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sabbesañca buddhaguṇānaṃ karuṇā ādi tannidānabhāvato, paññā pariyosānaṃ tato uttari karaṇīyābhāvato. Iti ādipariyosānadassanena sabbe buddhaguṇā dassitā honti. Tathā karuṇāgahaṇena sīlakkhandhapubbaṅgamo samādhikkhandho dassito hoti. Karuṇānidānañhi sīlaṃ tato pāṇātipātādiviratippavattito, sā ca jhānattayasampayoginīti. Paññāvacanena paññākkhandho. Sīlañca sabbabuddhaguṇānaṃ ādi, samādhi majjhe, paññā pariyosānanti evampi ādimajjhapariyosānakalyāṇadassanena sabbe buddhaguṇā dassitā honti nayato dassitattā. Eso eva hi niravasesato buddhaguṇānaṃ dassanupāyo, yadidaṃ nayaggāhaṇaṃ. Aññathā ko nāma samattho bhagavato guṇe anupadaṃ niravasesato dassetuṃ. Tenevāha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Buddhopi buddhassa bhaṇeyya vaṇṇaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Kappampi ce aññamabhāsamāno.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Khīyetha <a name="V1.0009"></a> kappo ciradīghamantare;</p>
<p class="gatha1">Vaṇṇo na khīyetha tathāgatassā’’ti. (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 1.305; 3.141; ma. ni. aṭṭha. 2.425; udā. aṭṭha. 53; apa. aṭṭha. 2.7.20; bu. vaṃ. aṭṭha. 4.4; cariyā. aṭṭha. 3.122 pakiṇṇakakathā);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Teneva ca āyasmatā sāriputtattherenapi buddhaguṇaparicchedanaṃ pati anuyuttena ‘‘no hetaṃ, bhante’’ti paṭikkhipitvā ‘‘apica me, bhante, dhammanvayo vidito’’ti (dī. ni. 2.146) vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para2"></a><a name="para2_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">2</span>. Evaṃ saṅkhepena sakalasabbaññuguṇehi bhagavantaṃ abhitthavitvā idāni saddhammaṃ thometuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘buddhopī’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">buddho</span>ti kattuniddeso. <span class="bld">Buddhabhāva</span>nti kammaniddeso. <span class="bld">Bhāvetvā sacchikatvā</span>ti ca pubbakālakiriyāniddeso<a name="M1.0010"></a>. <span class="bld">Ya</span>nti aniyamato kammaniddeso. <span class="bld">Upagato</span>ti aparakālakiriyāniddeso. <span class="bld">Vande</span>ti kiriyāniddeso. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti niyamanaṃ. <span class="bld">Dhamma</span>nti vandanakiriyāya kammaniddeso. <span class="bld">Gatamalaṃ anuttara</span>nti ca tabbisesanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha buddhasaddassa tāva ‘‘bujjhitā saccānīti buddho, bodhetā pajāyāti buddho’’tiādinā <span class="bld">niddesanayena</span> (mahāni. 192; cūḷani. 97) attho veditabbo. Atha vā savāsanāya aññāṇaniddāya accantavigamato, buddhiyā vā vikasitabhāvato buddhavāti <span class="bld">buddho</span> jāgaraṇavikasanatthavasena. Atha vā kassacipi ñeyyadhammassa anavabuddhassa abhāvena ñeyyavisesassa kammabhāvena aggahaṇato kammavacanicchāya abhāvena avagamanatthavaseneva kattuniddeso labbhatīti buddhavāti <span class="bld">buddho</span> yathā ‘‘dikkhito na dadātī’’ti. Atthato pana pāramitāparibhāvito sayambhuñāṇena saha vāsanāya vihataviddhastaniravasesakileso mahākaruṇāsabbaññutaññāṇādiaparimeyyaguṇagaṇādhāro khandhasantāno buddho. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Buddhoti yo so bhagavā sayambhū. Anācariyako pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu sāmaṃ saccāni abhisambujjhi, tattha ca sabbaññutaṃ patto balesu ca vasībhāva’’nti (mahāni. 192; cūḷani. 97; paṭi. ma. 3.161).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Api</span>-saddo <a name="V1.0010"></a> sambhāvane. Tena ‘‘evaṃ guṇavisesayutto sopi nāma bhagavā’’ti vakkhamānaguṇe dhamme sambhāvanaṃ dīpeti. <span class="bld">Buddhabhāva</span>nti sammāsambodhiṃ. <span class="bld">Bhāvetvā</span>ti uppādetvā vaḍḍhetvā ca. <span class="bld">Sacchikatvā</span>ti paccakkhaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Upagato</span>ti patto, adhigatoti attho. Etassa ‘‘buddhabhāva’’nti etena sambandho. <span class="bld">Gatamala</span>nti vigatamalaṃ, niddosanti attho. <span class="bld">Vande</span>ti paṇamāmi, thomemi vā. <span class="bld">Anuttara</span>nti uttararahitaṃ, lokuttaranti attho. <span class="bld">Dhamma</span>nti yathānusiṭṭhaṃ paṭipajjamāne apāyato ca saṃsārato ca apatamāne katvā dhāretīti dhammo. Ayañhettha saṅkhepattho – evaṃ vividhaguṇagaṇasamannāgato buddhopi bhagavā yaṃ ariyamaggasaṅkhātaṃ dhammaṃ bhāvetvā, phalanibbānasaṅkhātaṃ pana sacchikatvā anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ adhigato, tametaṃ buddhānampi buddhabhāvahetubhūtaṃ sabbadosamalarahitaṃ attano uttaritarābhāvena anuttaraṃ paṭivedhasaddhammaṃ namāmīti. Pariyattisaddhammassāpi tappakāsanattā idha saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha <a name="M1.0011"></a> vā ‘‘abhidhammanayasamuddaṃ adhigacchi, tīṇi piṭakāni sammasī’’ti ca aṭṭhakathāyaṃ vuttattā pariyattidhammassapi sacchikiriyāsammasanapariyāyo labbhatīti sopi idha vutto evāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Tathā ‘‘yaṃ dhammaṃ bhāvetvā saccikatvā’’ti ca vuttattā buddhakaradhammabhūtāhi pāramitāhi saha pubbabhāge adhisīlasikkhādayopi idha dhammasaddena saṅgahitāti veditabbaṃ. Tāpi hi malapaṭipakkhatāya gatamalā anaññasādhāraṇatāya anuttarā cāti. Tathā hi sattānaṃ sakalavaṭṭadukkhanissaraṇatthāya katamahābhinīhāro mahākaruṇādhivāsapesalajjhāsayo paññāvisesaparidhotanimmalānaṃ dānadamasaṃyamādīnaṃ uttamadhammānaṃ satasahassādhikāni kappānaṃ cattāri asaṅkhyeyyāni sakkaccaṃ nirantaraṃ niravasesānaṃ bhāvanāpaccakkhakaraṇehi kammādīsu adhigatavasībhāvo acchariyācinteyyamahānubhāvo adhisīlādhicittānaṃ paramukkaṃsapāramippatto bhagavā paccayākāre catuvīsatikoṭisatasahassamukhena mahāvajirañāṇaṃ pesetvā anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambuddhoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca ‘‘bhāvetvā’’ti etena vijjāsampadāya dhammaṃ thometi, ‘‘sacchikatvā’’ti etena vimuttisampadāya. Tathā paṭhamena jhānasampadāya, dutiyena vimokkhasampadāya. Paṭhamena vā samādhisampadāya, dutiyena samāpattisampadāya. Atha vā paṭhamena khayeñāṇabhāvena, dutiyena anuppādeñāṇabhāvena. Purimena vā vijjūpamatāya, dutiyena vajirūpamatāya. Purimena vā virāgasampattiyā, dutiyena nirodhasampattiyā. Tathā paṭhamena niyyānabhāvena, dutiyena nisssaraṇabhāvena. Paṭhamena vā hetubhāvena, dutiyena asaṅkhatabhāvena. Paṭhamena vā dassanabhāvena, dutiyena vivekabhāvena. Paṭhamena vā adhipatibhāvena, dutiyena amatabhāvena dhammaṃ <a name="V1.0011"></a> thometi. Atha vā ‘‘yaṃ dhammaṃ bhāvetvā buddhabhāvaṃ upagato’’ti etena svākkhātatāya dhammaṃ thometi. ‘‘Sacchikatvā’’ti etena sandiṭṭhikatāya. Tathā purimena akālikatāya, pacchimena ehipassikatāya. Purimena vā opaneyyikatāya, pacchimena paccattaṃ veditabbatāya dhammaṃ thometi. ‘‘Gatamala’’nti iminā saṃkilesābhāvadīpanena dhammassa parisuddhataṃ dasseti, ‘‘anuttara’’nti etena aññassa visiṭṭhassa abhāvadīpanena vipulaparipuṇṇataṃ. Paṭhamena vā pahānasampadaṃ dhammassa dasseti, dutiyena sabhāvasampadaṃ. Bhāvetabbatāya vā dhammassa gatamalabhāvo yojetabbo<a name="M1.0012"></a>. Bhāvanāguṇena hi so dosānaṃ samugghātako hotīti. Sacchikātabbabhāvena anuttarabhāvo yojetabbo. Sacchikiriyānibbattito hi taduttarikaraṇīyābhāvato anaññasādhāraṇatāya anuttaroti. Tathā ‘‘bhāvetvā’’ti etena saha pubbabhāgasīlādīhi sekkhā sīlasamādhipaññākkhandhā dassitā honti, ‘‘sacchikatvā’’ti etena saha asaṅkhatāya dhātuyā asekkhā sīlasamādhipaññākkhandhā dassitā hontīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para3"></a><a name="para3_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">3</span>. Evaṃ saṅkhepeneva sabbadhammaguṇehi saddhammaṃ abhitthavitvā idāni ariyasaṅghaṃ thometuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sugatassā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">sugatassā</span>ti sambandhaniddeso, tassa ‘‘puttāna’’nti etena sambandho. <span class="bld">Orasāna</span>nti puttavisesanaṃ. <span class="bld">Mārasenamathanāna</span>nti orasaputtabhāve kāraṇaniddeso. Tena kilesappahānameva bhagavato orasaputtabhāve kāraṇaṃ anujānātīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhanna</span>nti gaṇanaparicchedaniddeso. Tena satipi tesaṃ sattavisesabhāvena anekasahassasaṅkhābhāve imaṃ gaṇanaparicchedaṃ nātivattantīti dasseti maggaṭṭhaphalaṭṭhabhāvānātivattanato. <span class="bld">Samūha</span>nti samudāyaniddeso. <span class="bld">Ariyasaṅgha</span>nti guṇavisiṭṭhasaṅghāṭabhāvaniddeso. Tena asabhipi ariyapuggalānaṃ kāyasāmaggiyaṃ ariyasaṅghabhāvaṃ dasseti diṭṭhisīlasāmaññena saṃhatabhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha urasi bhavā jātā saṃvaddhā ca orasā. Yathā hi sattānaṃ orasaputtā attajātatāya pitu santakassa dāyajjassa visesena bhāgino honti, evameva tepi ariyapuggalā sammāsambuddhassa dhammassavanante ariyāya jātiyā jātatāya bhagavato santakassa vimuttisukhassa ariyadhammaratanassa ca ekantabhāginoti orasā viya <span class="bld">orasā</span>. Atha vā bhagavato dhammadesanānubhāvena ariyabhūmiṃ okkamamānā okkantā ca ariyasāvakā bhagavato urena vāyāmajanitābhijātitāya nippariyāyena ‘‘orasaputtā’’ti vattabbataṃ arahanti. Sāvakehi pavattiyamānāpi hi dhammadesanā ‘‘bhagavato dhammadesanā’’icceva vuccati taṃmūlikattā lakkhaṇādivisesābhāvato ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadipi <a name="V1.0012"></a><a name="M1.0013"></a> ariyasāvakānaṃ ariyamaggādhigamasamaye bhagavato viya tadantarāya karaṇatthaṃ devaputtamāro, māravāhinī vā na ekantena apasādeti, tehi pana apasādetabbatāya kāraṇe vimathite tepi vimathitā eva nāma hontīti āha – <span class="bld">‘‘mārasenamathanāna’’</span>nti. Imasmiṃ panatthe ‘‘māramārasenamathanāna’’nti vattabbe ‘‘mārasenamathanāna’’nti ekadesasarūpekaseso katoti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Atha vā khandhābhisaṅkhāramārānaṃ viya devaputtamārassapi guṇamāraṇe sahāyabhāvūpagamanato kilesabalakāyo ‘‘senā’’ti vuccati. Yathāha ‘‘kāmā te paṭhamā senā’’tiādi (su. ni. 438; mahāni. 28, 68, 149). Sā ca tehi diyaḍḍhasahassabhedā anantabhedā vā kilesavāhinī satidhammavicayavīriyasamathādiguṇapaharaṇehi odhiso vimathitā vihatā viddhastā cāti <span class="bld">mārasenamathanā,</span> ariyasāvakā. Etena tesaṃ bhagavato anujātaputtataṃ dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ārakattā kilesehi, anaye na iriyanato, aye ca iriyanato ariyā niruttinayena. Atha vā sadevakena lokena ‘‘saraṇa’’nti araṇīyato upagantabbato upagatānañca tadatthasiddhito ariyā, ariyānaṃ saṅghoti ariyasaṅgho, ariyo ca so saṅgho cāti vā ariyasaṅgho, taṃ <span class="bld">ariyasaṅghaṃ</span>. Bhagavato aparabhāge buddhadhammaratanānampi samadhigamo saṅgharatanādhīnoti ariyasaṅghassa bahūpakārataṃ dassetuṃ idheva <span class="bld">‘‘sirasā vande’’</span>ti vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca ‘‘sugatassa orasānaṃ puttāna’’nti etena ariyasaṅghassa pabhavasampadaṃ dasseti, ‘‘mārasenamathanāna’’nti etena pahānasampadaṃ sakalasaṃkilesappahānadīpanato. ‘‘Aṭṭhannampi samūha’’nti etena ñāṇasampadaṃ maggaṭṭhaphalaṭṭhabhāvadīpanato. ‘‘Ariyasaṅgha’’nti etena pabhāvasampadaṃ dasseti sabbasaṅghānaṃ aggabhāvadīpanato. Atha vā ‘‘sugatassa orasānaṃ puttāna’’nti ariyasaṅghassa visuddhanissayabhāvadīpanaṃ, ‘‘mārasenamathanāna’’nti sammāujuñāyasāmīcippaṭipannabhāvadīpanaṃ, ‘‘aṭṭhannampi samūha’’nti āhuneyyādibhāvadīpanaṃ, ‘‘ariyasaṅgha’’nti anuttarapuññakkhettabhāvadīpanaṃ. Tathā ‘‘sugatassa orasānaṃ puttāna’’nti etena ariyasaṅghassa lokuttarasaraṇagamanasabbhāvaṃ dīpeti. Lokuttarasaraṇagamanena hi te bhagavato orasaputtā jātā. ‘‘Mārasenamathanāna’’nti etena abhinīhārasampadāsiddhaṃ <a name="M1.0014"></a> pubbabhāge sammāpaṭipattiṃ dasseti. Katābhinīhārā hi sammāpaṭipannā māraṃ māraparisaṃ vā abhivijinanti. ‘‘Aṭṭhannampi samūha’’nti etena paṭividdhastavipakkhe sekkhāsekkhadhamme dasseti puggalādhiṭṭhānena maggaphaladhammānaṃ pakāsitattā. ‘‘Ariyasaṅgha’’nti aggadakkhiṇeyyabhāvaṃ dasseti. Saraṇagamanañca sāvakānaṃ sabbaguṇānaṃ ādi, sapubbabhāgapaṭipadā sekkhā sīlakkhandhādayo majjhe, asekkhā sīlakkhandhādayo <a name="V1.0013"></a> pariyosānanti ādimajjhapariyosānakalyāṇā saṅkhepato sabbe ariyasaṅghaguṇā pakāsitā honti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para4"></a><a name="para4_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">4</span>. Evaṃ gāthāttayena saṅkhepato sakalaguṇasaṃkittanamukhena ratanattayassa paṇāmaṃ katvā idāni taṃnipaccakāraṃ yathādhippete payojane pariṇāmento <span class="bld">‘‘iti me’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha ratijananaṭṭhena <span class="bld">ratanaṃ,</span> buddhadhammasaṅghā. Tesañhi ‘‘itipi so bhagavā’’tiādinā yathābhūtaguṇe āvajjentassa amatādhigamahetubhūtaṃ anappakaṃ pītipāmojjaṃ uppajjati. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Yasmiṃ mahānāma, samaye ariyasāvako tathāgataṃ anussarati, nevassa tasmiṃ samaye rāgapariyuṭṭhitaṃ cittaṃ hoti, na dosa…pe… na mohapariyuṭṭhitaṃ cittaṃ hoti…pe… ujugatacitto kho mahānāma, ariyasāvako labhati atthavedaṃ, labhati dhammavedaṃ, labhati dhammūpasaṃhitaṃ pāmojjaṃ, pamuditassa pīti jāyatī’’tiādi (a. ni. 6.10; 11.11).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Cittīkatādibhāvo vā ratanaṭṭho. Vuttañhetaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Cittīkataṃ mahagghañca, atulaṃ dullabhadassanaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Anomasattaparibhogaṃ, ratanaṃ tena vuccatī’’ti. (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 2.33; saṃ. ni. aṭṭha. 3.5.223; khu. pā. aṭṭha. 6.3; su. ni. aṭṭha. 1.226; mahāni. aṭṭha. 50);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Cittikatabhāvādayo ca anaññasādhāraṇā buddhādīsu eva labbhantīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vandanāva <span class="bld">vandanāmayaṃ</span> yathā ‘‘dānamayaṃ sīlamaya’’nti (dī. ni. 3.305; itivu. 60). Vandanā cettha kāyavācācittehi tiṇṇaṃ ratanānaṃ guṇaninnatā, thomanā vā. Pujjabhavaphalanibbattanato <a name="M1.0015"></a> <span class="bld">puññaṃ,</span> attano santānaṃ punātīti vā. <span class="bld">Suvihatantarāyo</span>ti suṭṭhu vihatantarāyo. Etena attano pasādasampattiyā ratanattayassa ca khettabhāvasampattiyā taṃ puññaṃ atthappakāsanassa upaghātakaupaddavānaṃ vihanane samatthanti dasseti. <span class="bld">Hutvā</span>ti pubbakālakiriyā. Tassa ‘‘atthaṃ pakāsayissāmī’’ti etena sambandho. <span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti yaṃ ratanattayavandanāmayaṃ puññaṃ, tassa. <span class="bld">Ānubhāvenā</span>ti balena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para5"></a><a name="para5_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">5</span>. Evaṃ <a name="V1.0014"></a> ratanattayassa nipaccakāre payojanaṃ dassetvā idāni yassā dhammadesanāya atthaṃ saṃvaṇṇetukāmo, tassā tāva guṇābhitthavanavasena upaññāpanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘majjhimapamāṇasuttaṅkitassā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">majjhimapamāṇasuttaṅkitassā</span>ti nātidīghanātikhuddakapamāṇehi suttantehi lakkhitassa. Yathā hi dīghāgame dīghapamāṇāni suttāni, yathā ca saṃyuttaṅguttarāgamesu dvīsu khuddakapamāṇāni, na evaṃ idha. Idha pana pamāṇato majjhimāni suttāni. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘majjhimapamāṇasuttaṅkitassā</span>ti nātidīghanātikhuddakapamāṇehi suttantehi lakkhitassati attho’’ti. Etena ‘‘majjhimo’’ti ayaṃ imassa atthānugatasamaññāti dasseti. Nanu ca suttāni eva āgamo, kassa pana suttehi aṅkananti? Saccametaṃ paramatthato, suttāni pana upādāya paññatto āgamo. Yatheva hi atthabyañjanasamudāye ‘‘sutta’’nti vohāro, evaṃ suttasamudāye ayaṃ ‘‘āgamo’’ti vohāro. <span class="bld">Idhā</span>ti imasmiṃ sāsane. Āgamissanti ettha, etena etasmā vā attatthaparatthādayoti āgamo, ādikalyāṇādiguṇasampattiyā uttamaṭṭhena taṃtaṃabhipatthitasamiddhihetutāya paṇḍitehi varitabbato varo, āgamo ca so varo cāti āgamavaro. Āgamasammatehi vā varoti āgamavaro, majjhimo ca so āgamavaro cāti <span class="bld">majjhimāgamavaro,</span> tassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Buddhānaṃ anubuddhānaṃ <span class="bld">buddhānubuddhā,</span> buddhānaṃ saccapaṭivedhaṃ anugamma paṭividdhasaccā aggasāvakādayo ariyā. Tehi atthasaṃvaṇṇanāguṇasaṃvaṇṇanānaṃ vasena <span class="bld">saṃvaṇṇitassa</span>. Atha vā buddhā ca anubuddhā ca buddhānubuddhāti yojetabbaṃ. Sammāsambuddheneva hi vinayasuttābhidhammānaṃ pakiṇṇakadesanādivasena yo paṭhamaṃ attho vibhatto, so eva pacchā tassa tassa saṃvaṇṇanāvasena saṅgītikārehi saṅgahaṃ āropitoti. <span class="bld">Paravādamathanassā</span>ti aññatitthiyānaṃ vādanimmathanassa, tesaṃ diṭṭhigatabhañjanassāti attho. Ayañhi <a name="M1.0016"></a> āgamo mūlapariyāyasuttasabbāsavasuttādīsu diṭṭhigatikānaṃ diṭṭhigatadosavibhāvanato <span class="bld">saccakasuttaṃ</span> (ma. ni. 1.353) <span class="bld">upālisuttā</span>dīsu (ma. ni. 2.56) saccakādīnaṃ micchāvādanimmathanadīpanato visesato ‘‘paravādamathano’’ti thomitoti. Saṃvaṇṇanāsu cāyaṃ ācariyassa pakati, yā taṃtaṃsaṃvaṇṇanāsu ādito tassa tassa saṃvaṇṇetabbassa dhammassa visesaguṇakittanena thomanā. Tathā hi <span class="bld">sumaṅgalavilāsinīsāratthapakāsinīmanorathapūraṇīsu aṭṭhasālinīādīsu</span> ca yathākkamaṃ ‘‘saddhāvahaguṇassa, ñāṇappabhedajananassa, dhammakathikapuṅgavānaṃ vicittapaṭibhānajananassa, tassa gambhīrañāṇehi ogāḷhassa abhiṇhaso nānānayavicittassa abhidhammassā’’tiādinā thomanā katā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para6"></a><a name="para6_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">6</span>. Attho <a name="V1.0015"></a> kathīyati etāyāti atthakathā, sā eva <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathā</span> ttha-kārassa ṭṭha-kāraṃ katvā yathā ‘‘dukkhassa pīḷanaṭṭho’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.17; 2.8) <span class="bld">ādito</span>tiādimhi paṭhamasaṅgītiyaṃ. Chaḷabhiññatāya paramena cittissariyabhāvena samannāgatattā jhānādīsu pañcavidhavasitāsabbhāvato ca <span class="bld">vasino,</span> therā mahākassapādayo. Tesaṃ <span class="bld">satehi pañcahi. Yā</span>ti yā aṭṭhakathā. <span class="bld">Saṅgītā</span>ti atthaṃ pakāsetuṃ yuttaṭṭhāne ‘‘ayaṃ etassa attho, ayaṃ etassa attho’’ti saṅgahetvā vuttā. <span class="bld">Anusaṅgītā ca</span> yasattherādīhi pacchāpi dutiyatatiyasaṅgītīsu. Iminā attano saṃvaṇṇanāya āgamanasuddhiṃ dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para7"></a><a name="para7_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">7</span>. Sīhassa lānato gahaṇato <span class="bld">sīhaḷo,</span> sīhakumāro. Taṃvaṃsajātatāya tambapaṇṇidīpe khattiyānaṃ, tesaṃ nivāsatāya tambapaṇṇidīpassa ca sīhaḷabhāvo veditabbo. <span class="bld">Ābhatā</span>ti jambudīpato ānītā. <span class="bld">Athā</span>ti pacchā. Aparabhāge hi nikāyantaraladdhīhi asaṅkaratthaṃ sīhaḷabhāsāya aṭṭhakathā ṭhapitāti. Tena mūlaṭṭhakathā sabbasādhāraṇā na hotīti idaṃ atthappakāsanaṃ ekantena karaṇīyanti dasseti. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘dīpavāsīnamatthāyā’’</span>ti. Tattha <span class="bld">dīpavāsīna</span>nti jambudīpavāsīnaṃ, sīhaḷadīpavāsīnaṃ vā atthāya sīhaḷabhāsāya ṭhapitāti yojanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para8"></a><a name="para8_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">8</span>. <span class="bld">Apanetvānā</span>ti <a name="M1.0017"></a> kañcukasadisaṃ sīhaḷabhāsaṃ apanetvā. <span class="bld">Tato</span>ti aṭṭhakathāto. <span class="bld">Aha</span>nti attānaṃ niddisati, <span class="bld">manoramaṃ bhāsa</span>nti māgadhabhāsaṃ. Sā hi sabhāvaniruttibhūtā paṇḍitānaṃ manaṃ ramayatīti. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘tantinayānucchavika’’</span>nti, pāḷigatiyā anulomikaṃ pāḷibhāsāyānuvidhāyininti attho. <span class="bld">Vigatadosa</span>nti asabhāvaniruttibhāsantararahitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para9"></a><a name="para9_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">9</span>. <span class="bld">Samayaṃ avilomento</span>ti siddhantaṃ avirodhento. Etena atthadosābhāvamāha. Aviruddhattā eva hi theravādāpi idha pakāsīyissanti. <span class="bld">Theravaṃsadīpāna</span>nti thirehi sīlakkhandhādīhi samannāgatattā therā, mahākassapādayo. Tehi āgatā ācariyaparamparā theravaṃso, tappariyāpannā hutvā āgamādhigamasampannattā paññāpajjotena tassa samujjalanato <span class="bld">theravaṃsadīpā,</span> mahāvihāravāsino, tesaṃ. Vividhehi ākārehi nicchīyatīti vinicchayo, gaṇṭhiṭṭhānesu khīlamaddanākārena pavattā vimaticchedanī kathā. Suṭṭhu nipuṇo saṇho vinicchayo etesanti <span class="bld">sunipuṇavinicchayā.</span> Atha vā vinicchinotīti vinicchayo, yathāvuttatthavisayaṃ ñāṇaṃ. Suṭṭhu nipuṇo cheko vinicchayo etesanti yojetabbaṃ. Etena mahākassapāditheraparamparābhato, tato eva ca aviparīto saṇho sukhumo mahāvihāravāsīnaṃ vinicchayoti tassa pamāṇabhūtataṃ dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para10"></a><a name="para10_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">10</span>. <span class="bld">Sujanassa</span> <a name="V1.0016"></a> <span class="bld">cā</span>ti <span class="bld">ca</span>-saddo sampiṇḍanattho. Tena ‘‘na kevalaṃ jambudīpavāsīnameva atthāya, atha kho sādhujanatosanatthañcā’’ti dasseti. Tena ca ‘‘tambapaṇṇidīpavāsīnampi atthāyā’’ti ayamattho siddho hoti uggahaṇādisukaratāya tesampi bahukārattā. <span class="bld">Ciraṭṭhitattha</span>nti ciraṭṭhitiatthaṃ, cirakālaṭṭhitiyāti attho. Idañhi atthappakāsanaṃ aviparītapadabyañjanasunikkhepassa atthasunayassa ca upāyabhāvato saddhammassa ciraṭṭhitiyā saṃvattati. Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā ‘‘dveme, bhikkhave, dhammā saddhammassa ṭhitiyā asammosāya anantaradhānāya saṃvattanti. Katame dve? Sunnikkhittañca padabyañjanaṃ attho ca sunīto’’ti (a. ni. 2.20).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para11"></a><a name="para11_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">11</span>. Yaṃ <a name="M1.0018"></a> atthavaṇṇanaṃ kattukāmo, tassā mahattaṃ pariharituṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sīlakathā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tenevāha ‘‘na taṃ idha vicārayissāmī’’ti. Atha vā yaṃ aṭṭhakathaṃ kattukāmo, tadekadesabhāvena visuddhimaggo gahetabboti kathikānaṃ upadesaṃ karonto tattha vicāritadhamme uddesavasena dasseti <span class="bld">‘‘sīlakathā’’</span>tiādinā. Tattha <span class="bld">sīlakathā</span>ti cārittavārittādivasena sīlassa vitthārakathā. <span class="bld">Dhutadhammā</span>ti piṇḍapātikaṅgādayo terasa kilesadhunanakadhammā. <span class="bld">Kammaṭṭhānāni sabbānī</span>ti pāḷiyaṃ āgatāni aṭṭhatiṃsa, aṭṭhakathāyaṃ dveti niravasesāni yogakammassa bhāvanāya pavattiṭṭhānāni. <span class="bld">Cariyāvidhānasahito</span>ti rāgacaritādīnaṃ sabhāvādividhānena sahito. <span class="bld">Jhānāni</span> cattāri rūpāvacarajjhānāni, <span class="bld">samāpattiyo</span> catasso arūpasamāpattiyo. Aṭṭhapi vā paṭiladdhamattāni <span class="bld">jhānāni,</span> samāpajjanavasībhāvappattiyā <span class="bld">samāpattiyo. Jhānāni</span> vā rūpārūpāvacarajjhānāni, <span class="bld">samāpattiyo</span> phalasamāpattinirodhasamāpattiyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para12"></a><a name="para12_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">12</span>. Lokiyalokuttarabhedā cha abhiññāyo <span class="bld">sabbā abhiññāyo</span>. <span class="bld">Ñāṇavibhaṅgā</span>dīsu (vibha. 751) āgatanayena ekavidhādinā paññāya saṃkaletvā sampiṇḍetvā nicchayo <span class="bld">paññāsaṅkalananicchayo</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para13"></a><a name="para13_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">13</span>. Paccayadhammānaṃ hetādīnaṃ paccayuppannadhammānaṃ hetupaccayādibhāvo paccayākāro, tassa desanā <span class="bld">paccayākāradesanā,</span> paṭiccasamuppādakathāti attho. Sā pana nikāyantaraladdhisaṅkararahitatāya suṭṭhu parisuddhā, ghanavinibbhogassa sudukkaratāya nipuṇā saṇhasukhumā, ekattanayādisahitā ca tattha vicāritāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘suparisuddhanipuṇanayā’’</span>ti. Paṭisambhidādīsu āgatanayaṃ avissajjetvāva vicāritattā <span class="bld">avimuttatantimaggā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para14"></a><a name="para14_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">14</span>. <span class="bld">Iti</span> <a name="V1.0017"></a> <span class="bld">pana sabba</span>nti <span class="bld">iti</span>-saddo parisamāpane, <span class="bld">pana</span>-saddo vacanālaṅkāre, etaṃ sabbanti attho. <span class="bld">Idhā</span>ti imissā aṭṭhakathāya. <span class="bld">Na taṃ vicārayissāmi</span> punaruttibhāvatoti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para15"></a><a name="para15_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">15</span>. Idāni tasseva avicāraṇassa ekantakāraṇaṃ niddhārento <span class="bld">‘‘majjhe visuddhimaggo’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha ‘‘majjhe ṭhatvā’’ti etena majjhaṭṭhabhāvadīpanena <a name="M1.0019"></a> visesato catunnaṃ āgamānaṃ sādhāraṇaṭṭhakathā visuddhimaggo, na <span class="bld">sumaṅgalavilāsinī</span>ādayo viya asādhāraṇaṭṭhakathāti dasseti. ‘‘Visesato’’ti ca idaṃ vinayābhidhammānampi visuddhimaggo yathārahaṃ atthavaṇṇanā hoti evāti katvā vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para16"></a><a name="para16_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">16</span>. <span class="bld">Iccevā</span>ti iti eva. <span class="bld">Tampī</span>ti visuddhimaggampi. <span class="bld">Etāyā</span>ti papañcasūdaniyā. Ettha ca ‘‘sīhaḷadīpaṃ ābhatā’’tiādinā aṭṭhakathākaraṇassa nimittaṃ dasseti, ‘‘dīpavāsīnamatthāya, sujanassa ca tuṭṭhatthaṃ, ciraṭṭhitatthañca dhammassā’’ti etena payojanaṃ, ‘‘majjhimāgamavarassa atthaṃ pakāsayissāmī’’ti etena piṇḍatthaṃ, ‘‘apanetvāna tatohaṃ sīhaḷabhāsa’’ntiādinā, ‘‘sīlakathā’’tiādinā ca karaṇappakāraṃ. Sīlakathādīnaṃ avicāraṇampi hi idha karaṇappakāro evāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Ganthārambhakathāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subsubhead">Nidānakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para1"></a><a name="para1_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">1</span>. Vibhāgavantānaṃ <a name="V1.0018"></a> sabhāvavibhāvanaṃ vibhāgadassanamukheneva hotīti paṭhamaṃ tāva paṇṇāsavaggasuttādivasena majjhimāgamassa vibhāgaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tattha majjhimasaṅgīti nāmā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">tatthā</span>ti yaṃ vuttaṃ ‘‘majjhimāgamavarassa atthaṃ pakāsayissāmī’’ti, tasmiṃ vacane. Yā majjhimāgamapariyāyena majjhimasaṅgīti vuttā, sā paṇṇāsādito edisāti dasseti ‘‘majjhimasaṅgīti nāmā’’tiādinā. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti vā ‘‘etāya aṭṭhakathāya vijānātha majjhimasaṅgītiyā attha’’nti ettha yassā majjhimasaṅgītiyā atthaṃ vijānāthāti vuttaṃ, sā majjhimasaṅgīti nāma paṇṇāsādito edisāti dasseti. Pañca dasakā paṇṇāsā, mūle ādimhi paṇṇāsā, mūlabhūtā vā paṇṇāsā <span class="bld">mūlapaṇṇāsā</span>. Majjhe bhavā majjhimā, majjhimā ca sā paṇṇāsā cāti <span class="bld">majjhimapaṇṇāsā</span>. Upari uddhaṃ paṇṇāsā <span class="bld">uparipaṇṇāsā</span>. <span class="bld">Paṇṇāsattayasaṅgahā</span>ti paṇṇāsattayaparigaṇanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ayaṃ saṅgaho nāma jātisañjātikiriyāgaṇanavasena catubbidho. Tattha ‘‘yā cāvuso visākha, sammāvācā, yo ca sammākammanto, yo ca sammāājīvo<a name="M1.0020"></a>, ime dhammā sīlakkhandhe saṅgahitā’’ti (ma. ni. 1.462) ayaṃ jātisaṅgaho. ‘‘Yo cāvuso visākha, sammāvāyāmo. Yā ca sammāsati, yo ca sammāsamādhi, ime dhammā samādhikkhandhe saṅgahitā’’ti ayaṃ sañjātisaṅgaho. ‘‘Yā cāvuso visākha, sammādiṭṭhi, yo ca sammāsaṅkappo, ime dhammā paññākkhandhe saṅgahitā’’ti ayaṃ kiriyāsaṅgaho. ‘‘Hañci cakkhāyatanaṃ rūpakkhandhagaṇanaṃ gacchati, tena vata re vattabbe cakkhāyatanaṃ rūpakkhandhena saṅgahita’’nti (kathā. 471) ayaṃ gaṇanasaṅgaho. Ayameva ca idhādhippeto. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘paṇṇāsattayasaṅgahāti paṇṇāsattayaparigaṇanā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vaggato</span>ti samūhato, so panettha dasakavasena veditabbo. Yebhuyyena hi sāsane dasake vaggavohāro. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘ekekāya paṇṇāsāya pañca pañca vagge katvā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Pannarasavaggasamāyogā</span>ti pannarasavaggasaṃyogāti attho. Keci pana samāyogasaddaṃ samudāyatthaṃ vadanti. <span class="bld">Padato</span>ti ettha aṭṭhakkharo gāthāpādo ‘‘pada’’nti adhippeto, tasmā ‘‘akkharato cha akkharasatasahassāni caturāsītuttarasatādhikāni catucattālīsa sahassāni ca akkharānī’’ti pāṭhena <a name="V1.0019"></a> bhavitabbanti vadanti. Yasmā pana navakkharo yāva dvādasakkharo ca gāthāpādo saṃvijjati, tasmā tādisānampi gāthānaṃ vasena aḍḍhateyyagāthāsataṃ bhāṇavāro hotīti katvā <span class="bld">‘‘akkharato satta akkharasatasahassāni cattālīsañca sahassāni tepaññāsañca akkharānī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Evañhi padabhāṇavāragaṇanāhi akkharagaṇanā saṃsandati, netarathā. <span class="bld">Bhāṇavāro</span>ti ca dvattiṃsakkharānaṃ gāthānaṃ vasena aḍḍhateyyagāthāsataṃ, ayañca akkharagaṇanā bhāṇavāragaṇanā ca padagaṇanānusārena laddhāti veditabbā. Imameva hi atthaṃ ñāpetuṃ suttagaṇanānantaraṃ bhāṇavāre agaṇetvā padāni gaṇitāni. Tatridaṃ vuccati –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Bhāṇavārā yathāpi hi, majjhimassa pakāsitā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Upaḍḍhabhāṇavāro ca, tevīsatipadādhiko.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Satta satasahassāni, akkharānaṃ vibhāvaye;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Cattālīsa sahassāni, tepaññāsañca akkhara’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anusandhito</span>ti <a name="M1.0021"></a> desanānusandhito. Ekasmiṃ eva hi sutte purimapacchimānaṃ desanābhāgānaṃ sambandho anusandhānato anusandhi. Ettha ca attajjhāsayānusandhi parajjhāsayānusandhīti duvidho ajjhāsayānusandhi. So pana katthaci desanāya vippakatāya dhammaṃ suṇantānaṃ pucchāvasena, katthaci desentassa satthu sāvakassa dhammapaṭiggāhakānañca ajjhāsayavasena, katthaci desetabbassa dhammassa vasena hotīti samāsato tippakāro. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pucchānusandhiajjhāsayānusandhiyathānusandhivasena saṅkhepato tividho anusandhī’’</span>ti. Saṅkhepeneva ca catubbidho anusandhi veditabbo. Tattha ‘‘evaṃ vutte aññataro bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca ‘kiṃ nu kho, bhante, orimaṃ tīraṃ, kiṃ pārimaṃ tīraṃ, ko majjhe saṃsīdo, ko thale ussādo, ko manussaggāho, ko amanussaggāho, ko āvattaggāho, ko antopūtibhāvo’ti’’ (saṃ. ni. 4.241)? Evaṃ pucchantānaṃ vissajjentena bhagavatā pavattitadesanāvasena <span class="bld">pucchānusandhī</span> veditabbo. ‘‘Atha kho aññatarassa bhikkhuno evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi ‘iti kira bho rūpaṃ anattā… vedanā… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ anattā, anattakatāni kammāni kamattānaṃ phusissantī’ti. Atha kho bhagavā tassa bhikkhuno cetasā cetoparivitakkamaññāya bhikkhū āmantesi ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ, bhikkhave, vijjati, yaṃ idhekacco moghapuriso avidvā avijjāgato taṇhādhipateyyena cetasā satthusāsanaṃ atidhāvitabbaṃ maññeyya ‘iti kira bho rūpaṃ anattā…pe… phusissantī’ti. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha<a name="V1.0020"></a>, bhikkhave, rūpaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti (ma. ni. 3.90) evaṃ paresaṃ ajjhāsayaṃ viditvā bhagavatā pavattitadesanāvasena <span class="bld">parajjhāsayānusandhi</span> veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Tassa mayhaṃ brāhmaṇa etadahosi ‘yaṃnūnāhaṃ yā tā rattiyo abhiññātā abhilakkhitā cātuddasī pañcadasī aṭṭhamī ca pakkhassa, tathārūpāsu rattīsu yāni tāni ārāmacetiyāni vanacetiyāni rukkhacetiyāni bhiṃsanakāni salomahaṃsāni, tathārūpesu senāsanesu vihareyyaṃ appeva nāmāhaṃ bhayabheravaṃ passeyya’nti’’ (ma. ni. 1.49) evaṃ bhagavatā, ‘‘tatrāvuso lobho ca pāpako doso ca pāpako lobhassa ca pahānāya dosassa ca pahānāya atthi majjhimā paṭipadā, cakkhukaraṇī <a name="M1.0022"></a> ñāṇakaraṇī upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattatī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.33) evaṃ dhammasenāpatinā ca attano ajjhāsayeneva pavattitadesanāvasena <span class="bld">attajjhāsayānusandhi</span> veditabbo. Yena pana dhammena ādimhi desanā uṭṭhitā, tassa anurūpadhammavasena vā paṭipakkhadhammavasena vā yesu suttesu upari desanā āgacchati, tesaṃ vasena <span class="bld">yathānusandhi</span> veditabbo. Seyyathidaṃ <span class="bld">ākaṅkheyyasutte</span> (ma. ni. 1.65) heṭṭhā sīlena desanā uṭṭhitā, upari abhiññā āgatā. <span class="bld">Vatthusutte</span> (ma. ni. 1.70) heṭṭhā kilesena desanā uṭṭhitā, upari brahmavihārā āgatā. <span class="bld">Kosambakasutte</span> (ma. ni. 1.491) heṭṭhā bhaṇḍanena desanā uṭṭhitā, upari sāraṇīyadhammā āgatā. <span class="bld">Kakacūpame</span> (ma. ni. 1.222) heṭṭhā akkhantiyā vasena desanā uṭṭhitā, upari kakacūpamā āgatāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vitthārato panetthā</span>ti evaṃ saṅkhepato tividho catubbidho ca anusandhi ettha etasmiṃ majjhimanikāye tasmiṃ tasmiṃ sutte yathārahaṃ vitthārato vibhajitvā viññāyamānā navasatādhikāni tīṇi anusandhisahassāni honti. Yathā cetaṃ paṇṇāsādivibhāgavacanaṃ majjhimasaṅgītiyā sarūpadassanatthaṃ hoti, evaṃ pakkhepadosapariharaṇatthañca hoti. Evañhi paṇṇāsādīsu vavatthitesu tabbinimuttaṃ kiñci suttaṃ yāva ekaṃ padampi ānetvā imaṃ majjhimasaṅgītiyāti kassaci vattuṃ okāso na siyāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ paṇṇāsavaggasuttabhāṇavārānusandhibyañjanato majjhimasaṅgītiṃ vavatthapetvā idāni naṃ ādito paṭṭhāya saṃvaṇṇetukāmo attano saṃvaṇṇanāya tassā paṭhamamahāsaṅgītiyaṃ nikkhittānukkameneva pavattabhāvaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tattha paṇṇāsāsu mūlapaṇṇāsā ādī’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha yathāpaccayaṃ tattha tattha desitattā paññattattā ca vippakiṇṇānaṃ dhammavinayānaṃ saṅgahetvā gāyanaṃ <a name="V1.0021"></a> kathanaṃ saṅgīti, mahāvisayattā pūjanīyattā ca mahatī saṅgītīti mahāsaṅgīti, paṭhamā mahāsaṅgīti paṭhamamahāsaṅgīti, tassā pavattitakālo paṭhamamahāsaṅgītikālo, tasmiṃ <span class="bld">paṭhamamahāsaṅgītikāle</span>. Nidadāti desanaṃ desakālādivasena aviditaṃ viditaṃ katvā nidassetīti <span class="bld">nidānaṃ,</span> yo lokiyehi ‘‘upogghāto’’ti <a name="M1.0023"></a> vuccati, svāyamettha ‘‘evaṃ me suta’’ntiādiko gantho veditabbo, na pana ‘‘sanidānāhaṃ, bhikkhave, dhammaṃ desemī’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 3.126) viya ajjhāsayādidesanuppattihetu. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ me sutantiādikaṃ āyasmatā ānandena paṭhamamahāsaṅgītikāle vuttaṃ nidānamādī’’</span>ti. Kāmañcettha yassaṃ paṭhamamahāsaṅgītiyaṃ nikkhittānukkamena saṃvaṇṇanaṃ kattukāmo, sā vitthārato vattabbā. <span class="bld">Sumaṅgalavilāsiniyaṃ</span> (dī. ni. ṭī. 1.nidānakathāvaṇṇanā) pana attanā vitthāritattā tattheva gahetabbāti imissā saṃvaṇṇanāya mahantataṃ pariharanto <span class="bld">‘‘sā panesā’’</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="centered">Nidānakathāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<a name="mn1_1"></a>
<p class="chapter">1. Mūlapariyāyavaggo</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Mūlapariyāyasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">Abbhantaranidānavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para1"></a><a name="para1_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">1</span>. Evaṃ <a name="V1.0022"></a><a name="M1.0024"></a> bāhiranidāne vattabbaṃ atidisitvā idāni abhantaranidānaṃ ādito paṭṭhāya saṃvaṇṇetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ paneta’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha yasmā saṃvaṇṇanaṃ karontena saṃvaṇṇetabbe dhamme padavibhāgaṃ padatthañca dassetvā tato paraṃ piṇḍattādidassanavasena saṃvaṇṇanā kātabbā, tasmā padāni tāva dassento <span class="bld">‘‘evanti nipātapada’’</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">padavibhāgo</span>ti padānaṃ viseso, na padaviggaho. Atha vā padāni ca padavibhāgo ca padavibhāgo, padaviggaho ca padavibhāgo ca <span class="bld">padavibhāgo</span>ti vā ekasesavasena padapadaviggahā padavibhāgasaddena vuttāti veditabbaṃ. Tattha padaviggaho ‘‘subhagañca taṃ vanañcāti <span class="bld">subhagavanaṃ,</span> sālānaṃ rājā, sālo ca so rājā ca itipi sālarājā’’tiādivasena samāsapadesu daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Atthato</span>ti padatthato. Taṃ pana padatthaṃ atthuddhārakkamena paṭhamaṃ evaṃsaddassa dassento <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ-saddo tāvā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Avadhāraṇādī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena idamatthapucchāparimāṇādiatthānaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. Tathā hi ‘‘evaṃgatāni puthusippāyatanāni (dī. ni. 1.163), evavidho evamākāro’’ti ca ādīsu idaṃ-saddassa atthe evaṃ-saddo. Gata-saddo hi pakārapariyāyo, tathā vidhākāra-saddā ca. Tathā hi vidhayuttagata-sadde lokiyā pakāratthe vadanti. ‘‘Evaṃ su te sunhātā suvilittā kappitakesamassū āmukkamaṇikuṇḍalābharaṇā odātavatthavasanā pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappitā samaṅgībhūtā paricārenti, seyyathāpi tvaṃ etarahi sācariyakoti. No hidaṃ, bho gotamā’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 1.286) pucchāyaṃ. ‘‘Evaṃlahuparivattaṃ (a. ni. 1.48) evamāyupariyanto’’ti (pārā. 12) ca ādīsu parimāṇe.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nanu <a name="V1.0023"></a> ca ‘‘evaṃ su te sunhātā suvilittā, evamāyupariyanto’’ti ettha evaṃ-saddena pucchanākāraparimāṇākārānaṃ vuttattā ākārattho eva <a name="M1.0025"></a> evaṃ-saddoti? Na, visesasabbhāvato. Ākāramattavācako hi evaṃ-saddo ākāratthoti adhippeto yathā ‘‘evaṃ byā kho’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.234, 396), na pana ākāravisesavācako. Evañca katvā ‘‘evaṃ jātena maccenā’’tiādīni upamādiudāharaṇāni upapannāni honti. Tathā hi ‘‘yathāpi…pe… bahu’’nti (dha. pa. 53) ettha puppharāsiṭṭhāniyato manussūpapatti-sappurisūpanissaya-saddhammassavana-yonisomanasikāra- bhogasampatti-ādidānādi-puññakiriyahetusamudāyato sobhā-sugandhatādiguṇayogato mālāguṇasadisiyo pahūtā puññakiriyā maritabbasabhāvatāya maccena sattena kattabbāti jotitattā puppharāsimālāguṇāva upamā, tesaṃ upamākāro yathā-saddena aniyamato vuttoti ‘‘evaṃ-saddo upamākāranigamanattho’’ti vattuṃ yuttaṃ. So pana upamākāro niyamiyamāno atthato upamāva hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘upamāyaṃ āgato’’</span>ti. Tathā ‘‘evaṃ iminā ākārena abhikkamitabba’’ntiādinā upadisiyamānāya samaṇasāruppāya ākappasampattiyā yo tattha upadisanākāro, so atthato upadeso evāti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ te…pe… upadese’’</span>ti. Tathā <span class="bld">‘‘evametaṃ bhagavā, evametaṃ sugatā’’</span>ti ettha ca bhagavatā yathāvuttamatthaṃ aviparītato jānantehi kataṃ tattha saṃvijjamānaguṇānaṃ pakārehi haṃsanaṃ udaggatākaraṇaṃ sampahaṃsanaṃ. Yo tattha sampahaṃsanākāroti yojetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evamevaṃ panāya</span>nti ettha garahaṇākāroti yojetabbaṃ, so ca garahaṇākāro ‘‘vasalī’’tiādikhuṃsanasaddasannidhānato idha evaṃ-saddena pakāsitoti viññāyati. Yathā cettha, evaṃ upamākārādayopi upamādivasena vuttānaṃ puppharāsiādisaddānaṃ sannidhānato daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Evaṃ, bhante</span>ti pana dhammassa sādhukaṃ savanamanasikāre sanniyojitehi bhikkhūhi attano tattha ṭhitabhāvassa paṭijānanavasena vuttattā ettha evaṃ-saddo vacanasampaṭicchanattho vutto. Tena <span class="bld">evaṃ, bhante</span> sādhu, bhante, suṭṭhu, bhanteti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Evañca vadehī</span>ti ‘‘yathāhaṃ vadāmi, evaṃ samaṇaṃ ānandaṃ vadehī’’ti yo evaṃ vadanākāro idāni vattabbo. So evaṃsaddena nidassīyatīti <span class="bld">‘‘nidassane’’</span>ti vuttoti. <span class="bld">Evaṃ no</span>ti etthāpi tesaṃ yathāvuttadhammānaṃ ahitadukkhāvahabhāve sanniṭṭhānajananatthaṃ anumatigahaṇavasena <a name="M1.0026"></a> ‘‘saṃvattanti vā no vā, kathaṃ vo ettha hotī’’ti pucchāya katāya ‘‘evaṃ no ettha hotī’’ti vuttattā tadākārasanniṭṭhānaṃ evaṃ-saddena vibhāvitanti viññāyati. So pana tesaṃ dhammānaṃ ahitāya dukkhāya saṃvattanākāro niyamiyamāno avadhāraṇattho hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ no ettha hotītiādīsu avadhāraṇe’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nānānayanipuṇa</span>nti <a name="V1.0024"></a> ekattanānattaabyāpāraevaṃdhammatāsaṅkhātā, nandiyāvattatipukkhalasīhavikkīḷitaaṅkusadisālocanasaṅkhātā vā ādhārādibhedavasena nānāvidhā nayā nānānayā, nayā vā pāḷigatiyo, tā ca paññattianupaññattiādivasena saṃkilesabhāgiyādilokiyāditadubhayavomissakādivasena kusalādivasena khandhādivasena saṅgahādivasena samayavimuttādivasena ṭhapanādivasena kusalamūlādivasena tikappaṭṭhānādivasena ca nānappakārāti nānānayā. Tehi nipuṇaṃ saṇhaṃ sukhumanti <span class="bld">nānānayanipuṇaṃ</span>. Āsayova <span class="bld">ajjhāsayo,</span> te ca sassatādibhedena, tattha ca apparajakkhatādibhedena aneke, attajjhāsayādayo eva vā samuṭṭhānaṃ uppattihetu etassāti <span class="bld">anekajjhāsayasamuṭṭhānaṃ</span>. <span class="bld">Atthabyañjanasampanna</span>nti atthabyañjanaparipuṇṇaṃ upanetabbābhāvato, saṅkāsanapakāsana-vivaraṇa-vibhajana-uttānīkaraṇa-paññattivasena chahi atthapadehi, akkhara-padabyañjanākāraniruttiniddesavasena chahi byañjanapadehi ca samannāgatanti vā attho daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vividhapāṭihāriya</span>nti ettha pāṭihāriyapadassa vacanatthaṃ (udā. aṭṭha. 1; itivu. aṭṭha. nidānavaṇṇanā; saṃ. ni. ṭī. 1.1.1 devatāsaṃyutta) ‘‘paṭipakkhaharaṇato, rāgādikilesāpanayanato ca <span class="bld">pāṭihāriya’’</span>nti vadanti, bhagavato pana paṭipakkhā rāgādayo na santi, ye haritabbā. Puthujjanānampi vigatūpakkilese aṭṭhaguṇasamannāgate citte hatapaṭipakkhe iddhividhaṃ pavattati, tasmā tattha pavattavohārena ca na sakkā idha <span class="bld">‘‘pāṭihāriya’’</span>nti vattuṃ. Sace pana mahākāruṇikassa bhagavato veneyyagatā ca kilesā paṭipakkhā, tesaṃ haraṇato <span class="bld">‘‘pāṭihāriya’’</span>nti vuttaṃ, evaṃ sati yuttametaṃ. Atha vā bhagavato ca sāsanassa ca paṭipakkhā titthiyā, tesaṃ haraṇato <span class="bld">pāṭihāriyaṃ</span>. Te hi diṭṭhiharaṇavasena diṭṭhipakāsane asamatthabhāvena ca iddhiādesanānusāsanīhi haritā apanītā hontīti<a name="M1.0027"></a>. ‘‘Paṭī’’ti vā ayaṃ saddo ‘‘pacchā’’ti etassa atthaṃ bodheti ‘‘tasmiṃ paṭipaviṭṭhamhi, añño āgañchi brāhmaṇo’’tiādīsu (su. ni. 985; cūḷani. 4) viya, tasmā samāhite citte vigatūpakkilese ca katakiccena pacchā haritabbaṃ pavattetabbanti pāṭihāriyaṃ, attano vā upakkilesesu catutthajjhānamaggehi haritesu pacchā haraṇaṃ pāṭihāriyaṃ, iddhiādesanānusāsaniyo ca vigatūpakkilesena katakiccena ca sattahitatthaṃ puna pavattetabbā, haritesu ca attano upakkilesesu parasattānaṃ upakilesaharaṇāni hontīti pāṭihāriyāni bhavanti. Pāṭihāriyameva <span class="bld">pāṭihāriyaṃ,</span> pāṭihāriye vā iddhiādesanānusāsanisamudāye bhavaṃ ekamekaṃ <span class="bld">pāṭihāriya</span>nti vuccati. Pāṭihāriyaṃ vā catutthajjhānaṃ maggo ca paṭipakkhaharaṇato, tattha jātaṃ, tasmiṃ vā nimittabhūte, tato vā āgatanti <a name="V1.0025"></a> <span class="bld">pāṭihāriyaṃ</span>. Tassa pana iddhiādibhedena visayabhedena ca bahuvidhassa bhagavato desanāyaṃ labbhamānattā āha <span class="bld">‘‘vividhapāṭihāriya’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na aññathā</span>ti bhagavato sammukhā sutākārato na aññathāti attho, na pana bhagavato desitākārato. Acinteyyānubhāvā hi bhagavato desanā. Evañca katvā ‘‘sabbappakārena ko samattho viññātu’’nti idaṃ vacanaṃ samatthitaṃ bhavati, dhāraṇabaladassanañca na virujjhati sutākārāvirajjhanassa adhippetattā. Na hettha atthantaratāparihāro dvinnampi atthānaṃ ekavisayattā. Itarathā thero bhagavato desanāya sabbathā paṭiggahaṇe samattho asamattho cāti āpajjeyyāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Yo paro na hoti, so attā’’ti evaṃ vuttāya niyakajjhattasaṅkhātāya sasantatiyā vattanato tividhopi me-saddo kiñcāpi ekasmiṃyeva atthe dissati, karaṇasampadānasāminiddesavasena pana vijjamānaṃ bhedaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘me-saddo tīsu atthesu dissatī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kiñcāpi upasaggo kiriyaṃ viseseti, jotakabhāvato pana satipi tasmiṃ sutasaddo eva taṃ tamatthaṃ vadatīti anupasaggassa sutasaddassa atthuddhāre saupasaggassa gahaṇaṃ na virujjhatīti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘saupasaggo ca anupasaggo cā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti sutasaddassa. Kammabhāvasādhanāni idha sutasadde sambhavantīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘upadhāritanti vā upadhāraṇanti vā <a name="M1.0028"></a> attho’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Mayāti atthe satī</span>ti yadā me-saddassa kattuvasena karaṇaniddeso, tadāti attho. <span class="bld">Mamāti atthe satī</span>ti yadā sambandhavasena sāminiddeso, tadā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Suta-saddasannidhāne payuttena evaṃ-saddena savanakiriyājotakena bhavitabbanti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘evanti sotaviññāṇādiviññāṇakiccanidassana’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena sampaṭicchanādīnaṃ pañcadvārikaviññāṇānaṃ tadabhinīhaṭānañca manodvārikaviññāṇānaṃ gahaṇaṃ veditabbaṃ. Sabbesampi vākyānaṃ eva-kāratthasahitattā <span class="bld">‘‘suta’’</span>nti etassa sutamevāti ayamattho labbhatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘assavanabhāvapaṭikkhepato’’</span>ti. Etena avadhāraṇena nirāsaṅkataṃ dasseti. Yathā ca sutaṃ sutamevāti niyametabbaṃ, taṃ sammā sutaṃ hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘anūnānadhikāviparītaggahaṇanidassana’’</span>nti. Atha vā saddantaratthāpohanavasena saddo atthaṃ vadatīti <span class="bld">suta</span>nti asutaṃ na hotīti ayametassa atthoti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘assavanabhāvapaṭikkhepato’’</span>ti<a name="V1.0026"></a>. Iminā diṭṭhādivinivattanaṃ karoti. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti ‘‘na idaṃ mayā diṭṭhaṃ, na sayambhuñāṇena sacchikataṃ, atha kho sutaṃ, tañca kho sammadevā’’ti. Tenevāha – <span class="bld">‘‘anūnānadhikāviparītaggahaṇanidassana’’</span>nti. Avadhāraṇatthe vā <span class="bld">evaṃ</span>-sadde ayamatthayojanā karīyatīti tadapekkhassa suta-saddassa ayamattho vutto <span class="bld">‘‘assavanabhāvapaṭikkhepato’’</span>ti. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘anūnānadhikāviparītaggahaṇanidassana’’</span>nti. Savanasaddo cettha kammattho veditabbo ‘‘suyyatī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ savanahetusuṇantapuggalasavanavisesavasena padattayassa ekena pakārena atthayojanaṃ dassetvā idāni pakārantarehipi taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tathā eva’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">tassā</span>ti yā sā bhagavato sammukhā dhammassavanākārena pavattā manodvāraviññāṇavīthi, tassā. Sā hi nānappakārena ārammaṇe pavattituṃ samatthā. Tathā ca vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sotadvārānusārenā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Nānappakārenā</span>ti vakkhamānānaṃ anekavihitānaṃ byañjanatthaggahaṇānaṃ nānākārena. Etena imissā yojanāya ākārattho evaṃ-saddo gahitoti dīpeti. <span class="bld">Pavattibhāvappakāsana</span>nti pavattiyā atthibhāvappakāsanaṃ. <span class="bld">Sutanti dhammappakāsana</span>nti yasmiṃ ārammaṇe <a name="M1.0029"></a> vuttappakārā viññāṇavīthi nānappakārena pavattā, tassa dhammattā vuttaṃ, na sutasaddassa dhammatthattā. Vuttassevatthassa pākaṭīkaraṇaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ayañhetthā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">viññāṇavīthiyā</span>ti karaṇatthe karaṇavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Mayā</span>ti kattuatthe.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evanti niddisitabbappakāsana</span>nti nidassanatthaṃ evaṃ-saddaṃ gahetvā vuttaṃ nidassetabbassa niddisitabbattābhāvābhāvato. Tena evaṃ-saddena sakalampi suttaṃ paccāmaṭṭhanti dasseti. Suta-saddassa kiriyāsaddattā savanakiriyāya ca sādhāraṇaviññāṇapabandhapaṭibaddhattā tattha ca puggalavohāroti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sutanti puggalakiccappakāsana’’</span>nti. Na hi puggalavohārarahite dhammapabandhe savanakiriyā labbhatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yassa cittasantānassā</span>tiādipi ākāratthameva evaṃ-saddaṃ gahetvā purimayojanāya aññathā atthayojanaṃ dassetuṃ vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">ākārapaññattī</span>ti upādāpaññatti eva dhammānaṃ pavattiākārūpādānavasena tathā vuttā. <span class="bld">Sutanti visayaniddeso</span>ti sotabbabhūto dhammo savanakiriyākattupuggalassa savanakiriyāvasena pavattiṭṭhānanti katvā vuttaṃ. Cittasantānavinimuttassa paramatthato kassaci kattu abhāvepi saddavohārena buddhiparikappitabhedavacanicchāya cittasantānato aññaṃ viya taṃsamaṅgiṃ katvā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘cittasantānena</span> <a name="V1.0027"></a> <span class="bld">taṃsamaṅgino’’</span>ti. Savanakiriyāvisayopi sotabbadhammo savanakiriyāvasena pavattacittasantānassa idha paramatthato kattubhāvato, savanavasena cittappavattiyā eva vā savanakiriyābhāvato taṃkiriyākattu ca visayo hotīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘taṃsamaṅgino kattuvisaye’’</span>ti. Sutākārassa ca therassa sammānicchitabhāvato āha <span class="bld">‘‘gahaṇasanniṭṭhāna’’</span>nti. Etena vā avadhāraṇatthaṃ evaṃ-saddaṃ gahetvā ayamatthayojanā katāti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pubbe sutānaṃ nānāvihitānaṃ suttasaṅkhātānaṃ atthabyañjanānaṃ upadhāritarūpassa ākārassa nidassanassa, avadhāraṇassa vā pakāsanasabhāvo evaṃ-saddoti tadākārādiupadhāraṇassa puggalapaññattiyā upādānabhūtadhammapabandhabyāpāratāya vuttaṃ – <span class="bld">‘‘evanti puggalakiccaniddeso’’</span>ti. Savanakiriyā pana puggalavādinopi viññāṇanirapekkhā natthīti visesato viññāṇabyāpāroti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sutanti viññāṇakiccaniddeso’’</span>ti. ‘‘Me’’ti saddappavattiyā ekanteneva sattavisayattā viññāṇakiccassa ca tattheva samodahitabbato <a name="M1.0030"></a> <span class="bld">‘‘meti ubhayakiccayuttapuggalaniddeso’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Avijjamānapaññattivijjamānapaññattisabhāvā yathākkamaṃ evaṃ-sadda – suta-saddānaṃ atthāti te tathārūpa-paññatti-upādānabhūta-dhammapabandhabyāpārabhāvena dassento āha – <span class="bld">‘‘evanti puggalakiccaniddeso, sutanti viññāṇakiccaniddeso’’</span>ti. Ettha ca karaṇakiriyākattukammavisesappakāsanavasena puggalabyāpāravisayapuggalabyāpāranidassanavasena gahaṇākāragāhakatabbisayavisesaniddesavasena kattukaraṇabyāpārakattuniddesavasena ca dutiyādayo catasso atthayojanā dassitāti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sabbassapi saddādhigamanīyassa atthassa paññattimukheneva paṭipajjitabbattā sabbapaññattīnañca vijjamānādivasena chasu paññattibhedesu antogadhattā tesu ‘‘eva’’ntiādīnaṃ paññattīnaṃ sarūpaṃ niddhārento āha – <span class="bld">‘‘evanti ca meti cā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha ‘‘eva’’nti ca ‘‘me’’ti ca vuccamānassatthassa ākārādino dhammānaṃ asallakkhaṇabhāvato avijjamānapaññattibhāvoti āha – <span class="bld">‘‘saccikaṭṭhaparamatthavasena avijjamānapaññattī’’</span>ti. Tattha <span class="bld">saccikaṭṭhaparamatthavasenā</span>ti bhūtatthauttamatthavasena. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – yo māyāmarīciādayo viya abhūtattho, anussavādīhi gahetabbo viya anuttamattho ca na hoti, so rūpasaddādisabhāvo, ruppanānubhavanādisabhāvo vā attho saccikaṭṭho paramattho cāti vuccati, na tathā ‘‘evaṃ me’’ti padānaṃ atthoti. Etamevatthaṃ pākaṭataraṃ kātuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kiñhettha ta’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Suta</span>nti pana saddāyatanaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘vijjamānapaññattī’’</span>ti. Teneva hi <span class="bld">‘‘yañhi taṃ ettha sotena upaladdha’’</span>nti vuttaṃ, ‘‘sotadvārānusārena upaladdha’’nti pana vutte atthabyañjanādisabbaṃ labbhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Taṃ</span> <a name="V1.0028"></a> <span class="bld">taṃ upādāya vattabbato</span>ti sotapathamāgate dhamme upādāya tesaṃ upadhāritākārādino paccāmasanavasena ‘‘eva’’nti, sasantatipariyāpanne khandhe upādāya ‘‘me’’ti vattabbattāti attho. Diṭṭhādisabhāvarahite saddāyatane pavattamānopi sutavohāro ‘‘dutiyaṃ tatiya’’ntiādiko viya paṭhamādīni diṭṭhamutaviññāte apekkhitvāva pavattoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘diṭṭhādīni upanidhāya vattabbato’’</span>ti asutaṃ na hotīti hi sutanti pakāsitoyamatthoti. Attanā paṭividdhā suttassa pakāravisesā ‘‘eva’’nti therena paccāmaṭṭhāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘asammohaṃ dīpetī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Nānappakārapaṭivedhasamattho hotī</span>ti etena <a name="M1.0031"></a> vakkhamānassa suttassa nānappakārataṃ duppaṭivijjhatañca dasseti. <span class="bld">Sutassa asammosaṃ dīpetī</span>ti sutākārassa yāthāvato dassiyamānattā vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Asammohenā</span>ti sammohābhāvena, paññāya eva vā savanakālasambhūtāya taduttarakālapaññāsiddhi. Evaṃ <span class="bld">asammosenā</span>ti etthāpi vattabbaṃ. Byañjanānaṃ paṭivijjhitabbo ākāro nātigambhīro, yathāsutadhāraṇameva tattha karaṇīyanti satiyā byāpāro adhiko, paññā tattha guṇībhūtāti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘paññāpubbaṅgamāyā’’</span>tiādi ‘‘paññāya pubbaṅgamā’’ti katvā. Pubbaṅgamatā cettha padhānatā ‘‘manopubbaṅgamā’’tiādīsu (dha. pa. 1, 2) viya. Pubbaṅgamatāya vā cakkhuviññāṇādīsu āvajjanādīnaṃ viya appadhānatte paññā pubbaṅgamā etissāti ayampi attho yujjati. Evaṃ <span class="bld">satipubbaṅgamāyāti</span> etthāpi vuttanayānusārena yathāsambhavamattho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Atthabyañjanasampannassā</span>ti atthabyañjanaparipuṇṇassa, saṅkāsanapakāsanavivaraṇavibhajanauttānīkaraṇapaññattivasena chahi atthapadehi, akkharapadabyañjanākāraniruttiniddesavasena chahi byañjanapadehi ca samannāgatassāti vā attho daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yonisomanasikāraṃ dīpeti</span> evaṃ-saddena vuccamānānaṃ ākāranidassanāvadhāraṇatthānaṃ aviparītasaddhammavisayattāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Avikkhepaṃ dīpetī</span>ti ‘‘mūlapariyāyaṃ kattha bhāsita’’ntiādipucchāvasena pakaraṇappattassa vakkhamānassa suttassa savanaṃ samādhānamantarena na sambhavatīti katvā vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Vikkhittacittassā</span>tiādi tassevatthassa samatthanavasena vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbasampattiyā</span>ti atthabyañjanadesakapayojanādisampattiyā. Aviparītasaddhammavisayehi viya ākāranidassanāvadhāraṇatthehi yonisomanasikārassa, saddhammassavanena viya ca avikkhepassa yathā yonisomanasikārena phalabhūtena attasammāpaṇidhipubbekatapuññatānaṃ siddhi vuttā tadavinābhāvato, evaṃ avikkhepena phalabhūtena kāraṇabhūtānaṃ saddhammassavanasappurisūpanissayānaṃ siddhi dassetabbā siyā assutavato sappurisūpanissayarahitassa ca tadabhāvato. <span class="bld">Na hi vikkhittacittoti</span>ādinā samatthanavacanena pana avikkhepena kāraṇabhūtena sappurisūpanissayena ca phalabhūtassa saddhammassavanassa siddhi dassitā. Ayaṃ panettha adhippāyo yutto siyā – saddhammassavanasappurisūpanissayā <a name="V1.0029"></a> na <a name="M1.0032"></a> ekantena avikkhepassa kāraṇaṃ bāhiraṅgattā, avikkhepo pana sappurisūpanissayo viya saddhammassavanassa ekantakāraṇanti. Evampi avikkhepena sappurisūpanissayasiddhijotanā na samatthitāva, no na samatthitā vikkhittacittānaṃ sappurisapayirupāsanābhāvassa atthasiddhattā. Ettha ca purimaṃ phalena kāraṇassa siddhidassanaṃ nadīpūrena viya upari vuṭṭhisabbhāvassa, dutiyaṃ kāraṇena phalassa siddhidassanaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ ekantavassinā viya meghavuṭṭhānena vuṭṭhippavattiyā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bhagavato vacanassa atthabyañjanapabhedaparicchedavasena sakalasāsanasampattiogāhanākāro niravasesaparahitapāripūrikāraṇanti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ bhaddako ākāro’’</span>ti. Yasmā na hotīti sambandho. <span class="bld">Pacchimacakkadvayasampatti</span>nti attasammāpaṇidhipubbekatapuññatāsaṅkhātaṃ guṇadvayaṃ. Aparāparavuttiyā cettha cakkabhāvo, caranti etehi sattā sampattibhavesūti vā. Ye sandhāya vuttaṃ ‘‘cattārimāni, bhikkhave, cakkāni, yehi samannāgatānaṃ devamanussānaṃ catucakkaṃ vattatī’’tiādi (a. ni. 4.31). Purimapacchimabhāvo cettha desanākkamavasena daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Pacchimacakkadvayasiddhiyā</span>ti pacchimacakkadvayassa atthitāya. Sammāpaṇihitatto pubbe ca katapuñño suddhāsayo hoti tadasuddhihetūnaṃ kilesānaṃ dūrībhāvatoti āha – <span class="bld">‘‘āsayasuddhi siddhā hotī’’</span>ti. Tathā hi vuttaṃ ‘‘sammāpaṇihitaṃ cittaṃ, seyyaso naṃ tato kare’’ti (dha. pa. 43), ‘‘katapuññosi tvaṃ ānanda, padhānamanuyuñja, khippaṃ hohisi anāsavo’’ti (dī. ni. 2.207) ca. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘āsayasuddhiyā adhigamabyattisiddhī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Payogasuddhiyā</span>ti yonisomanasikārapubbaṅgamassa dhammassavanapayogassa visadabhāvena. Tathā cāha <span class="bld">‘‘āgamabyattisiddhī’’</span>ti. Sabbassa vā kāyavacīpayogassa niddosabhāvena. Parisuddhakāyavacīpayogo hi vippaṭisārābhāvato avikkhittacitto pariyattiyaṃ visārado hotīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nānappakārapaṭivedhadīpakenā</span>tiādinā atthabyañjanesu therassa evaṃsaddasuta-saddānaṃ asammohāsammosadīpanato catupaṭisambhidāvasena atthayojanaṃ dasseti. Tattha <span class="bld">sotabbabhedapaṭivedhadīpakenā</span>ti etena ayaṃ suta-saddo evaṃ-saddasannidhānato, vakkhamānāpekkhāya vā sāmaññeneva <a name="M1.0033"></a> sotabbadhammavisesaṃ āmasatīti dasseti. Manodiṭṭhikaraṇā pariyattidhammānaṃ anupekkhanasuppaṭivedhā visesato manasikārapaṭibaddhāti te vuttanayena yonisomanasikāradīpakena evaṃsaddena yojetvā, savanadhāraṇavacīparicayā pariyattidhammānaṃ visesena sotāvadhānapaṭibaddhāti te avikkhepadīpakena suta-saddena yojetvā dassento sāsanasampattiyā <a name="V1.0030"></a> dhammassavane ussāhaṃ janeti. Tattha <span class="bld">dhammā</span>ti pariyattidhammā. <span class="bld">Manasānupekkhitā</span>ti ‘‘idha sīlaṃ kathitaṃ, idha samādhi, idha paññā, ettakā ettha anusandhiyo’’tiādinā nayena manasā anu anu pekkhitā. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividdhā</span>ti nijjhānakkhantibhūtāya, ñātapariññāsaṅkhātāya vā diṭṭhiyā tattha tattha vuttarūpārūpadhamme ‘‘iti rūpaṃ, ettakaṃ rūpa’’ntiādinā suṭṭhu vavatthapetvā paṭividdhā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sakalena vacanenā</span>ti pubbe tīhi padehi visuṃ visuṃ yojitattā vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Attano adahanto</span>ti ‘‘mameda’’nti attani aṭṭhapento. <span class="bld">Asappurisabhūmi</span>nti akataññutaṃ ‘‘idhekacco pāpabhikkhu tathāgatappaveditaṃ dhammavinayaṃ pariyāpuṇitvā attano dahatī’’ti (pārā. 195) evaṃ vuttaṃ anariyavohārāvatthaṃ, sā eva anariyavohārāvatthā asaddhammo. Nanu ca ānandattherassa ‘‘mamedaṃ vacana’’nti adhimānassa, mahākassapattherādīnañca tadāsaṅkāya abhāvato asappurisabhūmisamatikkamādivacanaṃ niratthakanti? Nayidamevaṃ ‘‘evaṃ me suta’’nti vadantena ayampi attho vibhāvitoti dassanato. Keci pana ‘‘devatānaṃ parivitakkāpekkhaṃ tathāvacananti edisī codanā anavakāsāvā’’ti vadanti. Tasmiṃ kira khaṇe ekaccānaṃ devatānaṃ evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi ‘‘bhagavā ca parinibbuto, ayañca āyasmā desanākusalo, idāni dhammaṃ deseti sakyakulappasuto tathāgatassa bhātā cūḷapituputto, kiṃ nu kho sayaṃ sacchikataṃ dhammaṃ deseti, udāhu bhagavatoyeva vacanaṃ yathāsuta’’nti. Evaṃ tadāsaṅkitappakārato asappurisabhūmisamokkamādito atikkamādi vibhāvitanti. <span class="bld">Appetī</span>ti nidasseti. Diṭṭhadhammikasamparāyikaparamatthesu yathārahaṃ satte netīti netti, dhammoyeva netti <span class="bld">dhammanetti</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Daḷhataraniviṭṭhā vicikicchā <span class="bld">kaṅkhā</span>. Nātisaṃsappanā matibhedamattā <span class="bld">vimati</span>. <span class="bld">Assaddhiyaṃ vināseti</span> bhagavatā desitattā, sammukhāvassa paṭiggahitattā, khalitaduruttādigahaṇadosābhāvato <a name="M1.0034"></a> ca. Ettha ca paṭhamādayo tisso atthayojanā ākārādiatthesu aggahitavisesameva evaṃ-saddaṃ gahetvā dassitā, tato parā catasso ākāratthameva evaṃ-saddaṃ gahetvā vibhāvitā, pacchimā pana tisso yathākkamaṃ ākāratthaṃ nidassanatthaṃ avadhāraṇatthañca evaṃ-saddaṃ gahetvā yojitāti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Eka-saddo aññaseṭṭhāsahāyasaṅkhyādīsu dissati. Tathā hesa ‘‘sassato attā ca loko ca, idameva saccaṃ moghamaññanti ittheke abhivadantī’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 3.27) aññatthe dissati<a name="V1.0031"></a>, ‘‘cetaso ekodibhāva’’ntiādīsu (dī. ni. 1.228) seṭṭhatthe, ‘‘eko vūpakaṭṭho’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 1.405) asahāye, ‘‘ekova kho, bhikkhave, khaṇo ca samayo ca brahmacariyavāsāyā’’tiādīsu saṅkhyāyaṃ. Idhāpi saṅkhyāyanti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘ekanti gaṇanaparicchedaniddeso’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Kālañca samayañcā</span>ti yuttakālañca paccayasāmaggiñca <span class="bld">khaṇo</span>ti okāso. Tathāgatuppādādiko hi maggabrahmacariyassa okāso tappaccayapaṭilābhahetuttā. Khaṇo eva ca samayo. Yo ‘‘khaṇo’’ti ca ‘‘samayo’’ti ca vuccati, so ekovāti hi attho <span class="bld">mahāsamayo</span>ti mahāsamūho. <span class="bld">Samayopi kho</span>ti sikkhāpadapūraṇassa hetupi. <span class="bld">Samayappavādake</span>ti diṭṭhippavādake. Tattha hi nisinnā titthiyā attano attano samayaṃ pavadantīti. <span class="bld">Atthābhisamayā</span>ti hitapaṭilābhā. Abhisametabboti abhisamayo, abhisamayo attho <span class="bld">abhisamayaṭṭho</span>ti pīḷanādīni abhisametabbabhāvena ekībhāvaṃ upanetvā vuttāni. Abhisamayassa vā paṭivedhassa visayabhūto attho <span class="bld">abhisamayaṭṭho</span>ti. Tāneva tathā ekattena vuttāni. Tattha <span class="bld">pīḷanaṃ</span> dukkhasaccassa taṃsamaṅgino hiṃsanaṃ avipphārikatākaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Santāpo</span> dukkhadukkhatādivasena santāpanaṃ paridahanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha sahakārīkāraṇaṃ sannijjhaṃ sameti samavetīti <span class="bld">samayo,</span> samavāyo. Sameti samāgacchati maggabrahmacariyaṃ ettha tadādhārapuggalehīti <span class="bld">samayo,</span> khaṇo. Sameti ettha, etena vā saṃgacchati satto, sabhāvadhammo vā sahajātādīhi uppādādīhi vāti <span class="bld">samayo,</span> kālo. Dhammappavattimattatāya atthato abhūtopi hi kālo dhammappavattiyā adhikaraṇaṃ karaṇaṃ <a name="M1.0035"></a> viya ca kappanāmattasiddhena rūpena voharīyatīti. Samaṃ, saha vā avayavānaṃ ayanaṃ pavatti avaṭṭhānanti <span class="bld">samayo,</span> samūho yathā ‘‘samudāyo’’ti. Avayavasahāvaṭṭhānameva hi samūhoti. Avasesapaccayānaṃ samāgame eti phalaṃ etasmā uppajjati pavattati cāti <span class="bld">samayo,</span> hetu yathā ‘‘samudayo’’ti. Sameti saṃyojanabhāvato sambandho eti attano visaye pavattati, daḷhaggahaṇabhāvato vā saṃyuttā ayanti pavattanti sattā yathābhinivesaṃ etenāti <span class="bld">samayo,</span> diṭṭhi; diṭṭhisaññojanena hi sattā ativiya bajjhantīti. Samiti saṅgati samodhānanti <span class="bld">samayo,</span> paṭilābho. Samayanaṃ, sammā vā ayanaṃ apagamoti <span class="bld">samayo,</span> pahānaṃ. Abhimukhaṃ ñāṇena sammā etabbo abhisametabboti <span class="bld">abhisamayo,</span> dhammānaṃ aviparīto sabhāvo. Abhimukhabhāvena sammā eti gacchati bujjhatīti <span class="bld">abhisamayo,</span> dhammānaṃ aviparītasabhāvāvabodho. Evaṃ tasmiṃ tasmiṃ atthe <span class="bld">samaya</span>-saddassa pavatti veditabbā. Samayasaddassa atthuddhāre abhisamayasaddassa udāharaṇaṃ vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti samayasaddassa<a name="V1.0032"></a>. <span class="bld">Kālo attho</span> samavāyādīnaṃ atthānaṃ idha asambhavato, desadesakaparisānaṃ viya suttassa nidānabhāvena kālassa apadisitabbato ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kasmā panettha aniyamitavaseneva kālo niddiṭṭho, na utusaṃvaccharādivasena niyametvāti? Āha – <span class="bld">‘‘tattha kiñcāpī’’</span>tiādi. Utusaṃvaccharādivasena niyamaṃ akatvā samayasaddassa vacanena ayampi guṇo laddho hotīti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘ye vā ime’’</span>tiādimāha. Sāmaññajotanā hi visese avatiṭṭhatīti. Tattha <span class="bld">diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārasamayo</span> devasikaṃ jhānaphalasamāpattīhi vītināmanakālo, visesato sattasattāhāni. <span class="bld">Suppakāsā</span>ti dasasahassilokadhātusaṃkampanaobhāsapātubhāvādīhi pākaṭā. Yathāvuttabhedesu eva samayesu ekadesaṃ pakārantarehi saṅgahetvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yo cāya’’</span>ntiādimāha. Tathā hi ñāṇakiccasamayo attahitapaṭipattisamayo ca <span class="bld">abhisambodhisamayo,</span> ariyatuṇhībhāvasamayo <span class="bld">diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārasamayo,</span> karuṇākiccaparahitapaṭipattidhammikathāsamayo <span class="bld">desanāsamayo</span> eva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Karaṇavacanena <a name="M1.0036"></a> niddeso katoti sambandho. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti abhidhammatadaññasuttapadavinayesu. <span class="bld">Tathā</span>ti bhummakaraṇehi. <span class="bld">Adhikaraṇattho</span> ādhārattho. Bhāvo nāma kiriyā, tāya kiriyantaralakkhaṇaṃ <span class="bld">bhāvenabhāvalakkhaṇaṃ</span>. Tattha yathā kālo sabhāvadhammaparicchinno sayaṃ paramatthato avijjamānopi ādhārabhāvena paññāto taṅkhaṇappavattānaṃ tato pubbe parato ca abhāvato ‘‘pubbaṇhe jāto, sāyanhe gacchatī’’ti ca ādīsu, samūho ca avayavavinimutto avijjamānopi kappanāmattasiddho avayavānaṃ ādhārabhāvena paññāpīyati ‘‘rukkhe sākhā, yavarāsiyaṃ sambhūto’’tiādīsu, evaṃ idhāpīti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘adhikaraṇañhi…pe… dhammāna’’</span>nti. Yasmiṃ kāle dhammapuñje vā kāmāvacaraṃ kusalaṃ cittaṃ uppannaṃ hoti, tasmiṃ eva kāle dhammapuñje ca phassādayopi hontīti ayañhi tattha attho. Yathā ca ‘‘gāvīsu duyhamānāsu gato, duddhāsu āgato’’ti dohanakiriyāya gamanakiriyā lakkhīyati, evaṃ idhāpi ‘‘yasmiṃ samaye, tasmiṃ samaye’’ti ca vutte ‘‘satī’’ti ayamattho viññāyamāno eva hoti padatthassa sattāvirahābhāvatoti samayassa sattākiriyāya cittassa uppādakiriyā phassādīnaṃ bhavanakiriyā ca lakkhīyati. <span class="bld">Yasmiṃ samaye</span>ti yasmiṃ navame khaṇe, yasmiṃ yonisomanasikārādihetumhi, paccayasamavāye vā sati kāmāvacaraṃ kusalaṃ cittaṃ uppannaṃ hoti, tasmiṃyeva khaṇe, hetumhi, paccayasamavāye vā phassādayopi hontīti ubhayattha samayasadde bhummaniddeso kato lakkhaṇabhūtabhāvayuttoti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘khaṇa…pe… lakkhīyatī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Hetuattho</span> <a name="V1.0033"></a> <span class="bld">karaṇattho ca sambhavati</span> ‘‘annena vasati, ajjhenena vasati, pharasunā chindati, kudālena khaṇatī’’tiādīsu viya. Vītikkamañhi sutvā bhikkhusaṅghaṃ sannipātāpetvā otiṇṇavatthukaṃ puggalaṃ paṭipucchitvā vigarahitvā ca taṃ taṃ vatthuṃ otiṇṇakālaṃ anatikkamitvā teneva kālena sikkhāpadāni paññapento bhagavā viharati sikkhāpadapaññattihetuñca apekkhamāno tatiyapārājikādīsu viya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Accantameva</span> ārambhato paṭṭhāya yāva desanāniṭṭhānaṃ parahitapaṭipattisaṅkhātena <span class="bld">karuṇāvihārena</span>. <span class="bld">Tadatthajotanattha</span>nti accantasaṃyogatthajotanatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Upayogavacananiddeso kato</span> yathā ‘‘māsaṃ ajjhetī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Porāṇā</span>ti <a name="M1.0037"></a> aṭṭhakathācariyā. <span class="bld">Abhilāpamattabhedo</span>ti vacanamattena viseso. Tena suttavinayesu vibhattibyattayo katoti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Seṭṭha</span>nti seṭṭhavācakaṃ vacanaṃ ‘‘seṭṭha’’nti vuttaṃ seṭṭhaguṇasahacaraṇato. Tathā <span class="bld">uttama</span>nti etthāpi. <span class="bld">Gāravayutto</span>ti garubhāvayutto garuguṇayogato, garukaraṇārahatāya vā <span class="bld">gāravayutto</span>. <span class="bld">Vuttoyeva,</span> na pana idha vattabbo <span class="bld">visuddhimaggassa</span> imissā <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathāya</span> ekadesabhāvatoti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparo nayo (saṃ. ni. ṭī. 1.1.1; sārattha. ṭī. 1.vinayānisaṃsakathāvaṇṇanā; visuddhi. mahāṭī. 1.144; itivu. aṭṭha. ganthārambhakathā) – bhāgavāti bhagavā, bhatavāti bhagavā, bhāge vanīti bhagavā, bhage vanīti bhagavā, bhattavāti bhagavā, bhage vamīti bhagavā, bhāge vamīti bhagavā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Bhagavā bhatavā bhāge, bhage ca vani bhattavā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Bhage vami tathā bhāge, vamīti bhagavā jino.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha kathaṃ <span class="bld">bhāgavāti bhagavā</span>? Ye te sīlādayo dhammakkhandhā guṇabhāgā guṇakoṭṭhāsā, te anaññasādhāraṇā niratisayā tathāgatassa atthi upalabbhanti. Tathā hissa sīlaṃ, samādhi, paññā, vimutti, vimuttiñāṇadassanaṃ, hirī, ottappaṃ, saddhā, vīriyaṃ, sati sampajaññaṃ, sīlavisuddhi, diṭṭhivisuddhi, samatho, vipassanā, tīṇi kusalamūlāni, tīṇi sucaritāni, tayo <a name="V1.0034"></a> sammāvitakkā, tisso anavajjasaññā, tisso dhātuyo, cattāro satipaṭṭhānā, cattāro sammappadhānā, cattāro iddhipādā, cattāro ariyamaggā, cattāri ariyaphalāni, catasso paṭisambhidā, catuyonipaṭicchedakañāṇaṃ, cattāro ariyavaṃsā, cattāri vesārajjañāṇāni, pañca padhāniyaṅgāni, pañcaṅgiko sammāsamādhi, pañcañāṇiko sammāsamādhi, pañcindriyāni, pañca balāni, pañca nissāraṇīyā dhātuyo, pañca vimuttāyatanañāṇāni, pañca vimuttiparipācanīyā saññā, cha anussatiṭṭhānāni, cha gāravā, cha nissāraṇīyā dhātuyo, cha satatavihārā, cha anuttariyāni, cha nibbedhabhāgiyā saññā, cha abhiññā, cha asādhāraṇañāṇāni, satta aparihāniyā dhammā, satta ariyadhammā, satta ariyadhanāni, satta bojjhaṅgā, satta sappurisadhammā, satta nijjaravatthūni, satta <a name="M1.0038"></a> saññā, satta dakkhiṇeyyapuggaladesanā, satta khīṇāsavabaladesanā, aṭṭha paññāpaṭilābhahetudesanā, aṭṭha sammattāni, aṭṭha lokadhammātikkamā, aṭṭha ārambhavatthūni, aṭṭha akkhaṇadesanā, aṭṭha mahāpurisavitakkā, aṭṭha abhibhāyatanadesanā, aṭṭha vimokkhā, nava yonisomanasikāramūlakā dhammā, nava pārisuddhipadhāniyaṅgāni, nava sattāvāsadesanā, nava āghātapaṭivinayā, nava saññā, nava nānattā, nava anupubbavihārā, dasa nāthakaraṇā dhammā, dasa kasiṇāyatanāni, dasa kusalakammapathā, dasa sammattāni, dasa ariyavāsā, dasa asekkhadhammā, dasa tathāgatabalāni, ekādasa mettānisaṃsā, dvādasa dhammacakkākārā, terasa dhutaguṇā, cuddasa buddhañāṇāni, pañcadasa vimuttiparipācanīyā dhammā, soḷasavidhā ānāpānassati, soḷasa aparantapanīyā dhammā, aṭṭhārasa buddhadhammā, ekūnavīsati paccavekkhaṇañāṇāni, catucattālīsa ñāṇavatthūni, paññāsa udayabbayañāṇāni, paropaṇṇāsa kusaladhammā, sattasattati ñāṇavatthūni, catuvīsatikoṭisatasahassasaṅkhāsamāpattisañcārimahāvajirañāṇaṃ, anantanayasamantapaṭṭhānapavicayapaccavekkhaṇadesanāñāṇāni tathā anantāsu lokadhātūsu anantānaṃ sattānaṃ āsayādivibhāvanañāṇāni cāti evamādayo anantāparimāṇabhedā anaññasādhāraṇā niratisayā guṇabhāgā guṇakoṭṭhāsā saṃvijjanti upalabbhanti, tasmā yathāvuttavibhāgā guṇabhāgā assa atthīti ‘‘bhāgavā’’ti vattabbe ā-kārassa rassattaṃ katvā <span class="bld">‘‘bhagavā’’</span>ti vutto. Evaṃ tāva bhāgavāti <span class="bld">bhagavā</span>.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Yasmā sīlādayo sabbe, guṇabhāgā asesato;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Vijjanti sugate tasmā, <span class="bld">bhagavā</span>ti pavuccatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ <span class="bld">bhatavāti bhagavā</span>? Ye te sabbalokahitāya ussukkamāpannehi manussattādike aṭṭha dhamme <a name="V1.0035"></a> samodhānetvā sammāsambodhiyā katamahābhinīhārehi mahābodhisattehi paripūritabbā dānapāramī, sīla, nekkhamma, paññā, vīriya, khanti, sacca, adhiṭṭhāna, mettā, upekkhāpāramīti dasa pāramiyo dasa upapāramiyo dasa paramatthapāramiyoti samatiṃsa pāramiyo, dānādīni cattāri saṅgahavatthūni, saccādīni cattāri adhiṭṭhānāni, aṅgapariccāgo nayanadhanarajjaputtadārapariccāgoti pañca mahāparicāgā, pubbayogo, pubbacariyā, dhammakkhānaṃ, ñātatthacariyā, lokatthacariyā, buddhicariyāti <a name="M1.0039"></a> evamādayo, saṅkhepato vā sabbe puññañāṇasambhārā buddhakaradhammā, te mahābhinīhārato paṭṭhāya kappānaṃ satasahassādhikāni cattāri asaṅkheyyāni yathā hānabhāgiyā saṃkilesabhāgiyā ṭhitibhāgiyā vā na honti, atha kho uttaruttari visesabhāgiyāva honti, evaṃ sakkaccaṃ nirantaraṃ anavasesato bhatā sambhatā assa atthīti ‘‘bhatavā’’ti vattabbe <span class="bld">‘‘bhagavā’’</span>ti vutto niruttinayena ta-kārassa ga-kāraṃ katvā. Atha vā <span class="bld">bhatavā</span>ti teyeva yathāvutte buddhakaradhamme vuttanayeneva bhari sambhari, paripūresīti attho. Evampi bhatavāti bhagavā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Sammāsambodhiyā sabbe, dānapāramiādike;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sambhāre bhatavā nātho, tenāpi <span class="bld">bhagavā</span> matoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ <span class="bld">bhāge vanīti bhagavā</span>? Ye te catuvīsatikoṭisatasahassasaṅkhā devasikaṃ vaḷañjanakasamāpattibhāgā, te anavasesato lokahitatthaṃ attano ca diṭṭhadhammasukhavihāratthaṃ niccakappaṃ vani bhaji sevi bahulamakāsīti bhāge vanīti <span class="bld">bhagavā</span>. Atha vā abhiññeyyadhammesu kusalādīsu khandhādīsu ca ye te pariññeyyādivasena saṅkhepato vā catubbidhā abhisamayabhāgā, vitthārato pana ‘‘cakkhu pariññeyyaṃ sotaṃ…pe… jarāmaraṇaṃ pariññeyya’’ntiādinā (paṭi. ma. 1.21) aneke pariññeyyabhāgā, ‘‘cakkhussa samudayo pahātabbo…pe… jarāmaraṇassa samudayo pahātabbo’’tiādinā pahātabbabhāgā, ‘‘cakkhussa nirodho…pe… jarāmaraṇassa nirodho sacchikātabbo’’tiādinā sacchikātabbabhāgā, ‘‘cakkhussa nirodhagāminī paṭipadā’’tiādinā, ‘‘cattāro satipaṭṭhānā’’tiādinā ca anekabhedā bhāvetabbabhāgā ca dhammā, te sabbe vani bhaji yathārahaṃ gocarabhāvanāsevanānaṃ vasena sevi. Evampi bhāge vanīti <span class="bld">bhagavā</span>. Atha vā ‘‘ye ime sīlādayo dhammakkhandhā sāvakehi sādhāraṇā guṇabhāgā guṇakoṭṭhāsā, kinti nu kho te vineyyasantānesu patiṭṭhapeyya’’nti mahākaruṇāya vani abhipatthayi, sā cassa abhipatthanā yathādhippetaphalāvahā ahosi. Evampi <span class="bld">bhāge vanīti bhagavā</span>.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Yasmā <a name="V1.0036"></a> ñeyyasamāpattiguṇabhāge asesato;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Bhaji patthayi sattānaṃ, hitāya <span class="bld">bhagavā</span> tatoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ <a name="M1.0040"></a> <span class="bld">bhage vanīti bhagavā</span>? Samāsato tāva katapuññehi payogasampannehi yathāvibhavaṃ bhajīyantīti bhagā, lokiyalokuttarā sampattiyo. Tattha lokiye tāva tathāgato sambodhito pubbe bodhisattabhūto paramukkaṃsagate vani bhaji sevi, yattha patiṭṭhāya niravasesato buddhakaradhamme samannānento buddhadhamme paripācesi, buddhabhūto pana te niravajjasukhūpasaṃhite anaññasādhāraṇe lokuttarepi vani bhaji sevi, vitthārato pana padesarajjaissariyacakkavattisampatti-devarajjasampattiādivasena- jhānavimokkhasamādhisamāpattiñāṇadassana-maggabhāvanāphalasacchi- kiriyādi-uttarimanussadhammavasena ca anekavihite anaññasādhāraṇe bhage vani bhaji sevi. Evampi <span class="bld">bhage vanīti bhagavā</span>.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Yā tā sampattiyo loke, yā ca lokuttarā puthu;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sabbā tā bhaji sambuddho, tasmāpi <span class="bld">bhagavā</span> matoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ <span class="bld">bhattavāti bhagavā</span>? Bhattā daḷhabhattikā assa bahū atthīti bhattavā. Tathāgato hi mahākaruṇāsabbaññutaññāṇādiaparimitanirupamapabhāvaguṇavisesasamaṅgibhāvato sabbasattuttamo, sabbānatthaparihārapubbaṅgamāya niravasesahitasukhavidhānatapparāya niratisayāya payogasampattiyā sadevamanussāya pajāya accantūpakāritāya dvattiṃsamahāpurisalakkhaṇa-asītianubyañjana-byāmappabhādianaññasādhāraṇa- visesapaṭimaṇḍita-rūpakāyatāya yathābhucca-guṇādhigatena ‘‘itipi so bhagavā’’tiādinayappavattena lokattayabyāpinā suvipulena suvisuddhena ca thutighosena samannāgatattā ukkaṃsapāramippattāsu appicchatāsantuṭṭhiādīsu suppatiṭṭhitabhāvato dasabalacatuvesārajjādiniratisayaguṇavisesa-samaṅgibhāvato ca rūpappamāṇo rūpappasanno, ghosappamāṇo ghosappasanno, lūkhappamāṇo lūkhappasanno, dhammappamāṇo dhammappasannoti evaṃ catuppamāṇike lokasannivāse sabbathāpi pasādāvahabhāvena samantapāsādikattā aparimāṇānaṃ sattānaṃ sadevamanussānaṃ ādarabahumānagāravāyatanatāya paramapemasambhattiṭṭhānaṃ. Ye tassa ovāde patiṭṭhitā aveccappasādena samannāgatā honti, kenaci asaṃhāriyā tesaṃ pasādabhatti samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā devena vā mārena vā brahmunā vā. Tathā hi te attano jīvitapariccāgepi tattha pasādaṃ na pariccajanti, tassa vā āṇaṃ daḷhabhattibhāvato. Tenevāha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yo <a name="V1.0037"></a><a name="M1.0041"></a> ve <span class="bld">kataññū</span> katavedi dhīro;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Kalyāṇamitto daḷhabhatti ca hotī’’ti. (jā. 2.17.78);</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, mahāsamuddo ṭhitadhammo velaṃ nātivattati, evameva kho, bhikkhave, yaṃ mayā sāvakānaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ paññattaṃ, taṃ mama sāvakā jīvitahetupi nātikkamantī’’ti (a. ni. 8.20; udā. 45; cūḷava. 385) ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ bhattavāti <span class="bld">bhagavā</span> niruttinayena ekassa ta-kārassa lopaṃ katvā itarassa ga-kāraṃ katvā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Guṇātisayayuttassa, yasmā lokahitesino;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sambhattā bahavo satthu, bhagavā tena vuccatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ <span class="bld">bhage vamīti bhagavā</span>? Yasmā tathāgato bodhisattabhūtopi purimāsu jātīsu pāramiyo pūrento bhagasaṅkhātaṃ siriṃ issariyaṃ yasañca vami, uggiri, kheḷapiṇḍaṃ viya anapekkho chaḍḍayi; pacchimattabhāvepi hatthāgataṃ cakkavattisiriṃ devalokādhipaccasadisaṃ catudīpissariyaṃ cakkavattisampattisannissayaṃ sattaratanasamujjalaṃ yasañca tiṇāyapi amaññamāno nirapekkho pahāya abhinikkhamitvā sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambuddho, tasmā ime siriādike bhage vamīti <span class="bld">bhagavā</span>. Atha vā bhāni nāma nakkhattāni, tehi samaṃ gacchanti pavattantīti bhagā, sineruyugandharauttarakuruhimavantādibhājanalokavisesasannissayā sobhā kappaṭṭhiyabhāvato, tepi bhage vami tannivāsisattāvāsasamatikkamanato, tappaṭibaddhachandarāgapahānena pajahīti. Evampi bhage vamīti bhagavā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Cakkavattisiriṃ yasmā, yasaṃ issariyaṃ sukhaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Pahāsi lokacittañca, sugato bhagavā tatoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ <span class="bld">bhāge vamīti bhagavā</span>? Bhāgā nāma sabhāgadhammakoṭṭhāsā, te khandhāyatanadhātādivasena, tatthāpi rūpavedanādivasena, pathaviyādiatītādivasena ca anekavidhā. Te bhagavā sabbaṃ papañcaṃ sabbaṃ yogaṃ <span class="bld">sabbaṃ</span> ganthaṃ sabbaṃ saṃyojanaṃ samucchinditvā amataṃ dhātuṃ samadhigacchanto vami uggiri, anapekkho chaḍḍayi na paccāgami. Tathā hesa ‘‘sabbatthameva pathaviṃ <a name="V1.0038"></a> āpaṃ <a name="M1.0042"></a> tejaṃ vāyaṃ, cakkhuṃ sotaṃ ghānaṃ jivhaṃ kāyaṃ manaṃ, rūpe sadde gandhe rase phoṭṭhabbe dhamme, cakkhuviññāṇaṃ…pe… manoviññāṇaṃ, cakkhusamphassaṃ…pe… manosamphassaṃ, cakkhusamphassajaṃ vedanaṃ…pe… manosamphassajaṃ vedanaṃ, cakkhusamphassajaṃ saññaṃ…pe… manosamphassajaṃ saññaṃ, cakkhusamphassajaṃ cetanaṃ…pe… manosamphassajaṃ cetanaṃ, rūpataṇhaṃ…pe… dhammataṇhaṃ, rūpavitakkaṃ…pe… dhammavitakkaṃ, rūpavicāraṃ…pe… dhammavicāra’’ntiādinā anupadadhammavibhāgavasenapi sabbeva dhammakoṭṭhāse anavasesato vami uggiri, anapekkhapariccāgena chaḍḍayi. Vuttaṃ hetaṃ ‘‘yaṃ taṃ, ānanda, cattaṃ vantaṃ muttaṃ pahīnaṃ paṭinissaṭṭhaṃ, taṃ tathāgato puna paccāgamissatīti netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjatī’’ti (dī. ni. 2.183). Evampi bhāge vamīti <span class="bld">bhagavā</span>. Atha vā <span class="bld">bhāge vamī</span>ti sabbepi kusalākusale sāvajjānavajje hīnapaṇīte kaṇhasukkasappaṭibhāge dhamme ariyamaggañāṇamukhena vami uggiri anapekkho pariccaji pajahi, paresañca tathattāya dhammaṃ desesi. Vuttampi cetaṃ ‘‘dhammāpi vo, bhikkhave, pahātabbā, pageva adhammā (ma. ni. 1.240), kullūpamaṃ vo, bhikkhave, dhammaṃ desessāmi nittharaṇatthāya, no gahaṇatthāyā’’tiādi (ma. ni. 1.240). Evampi bhāge vamīti bhagavā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Khandhāyatanadhātādi-dhammabhāgāmahesinā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Kaṇhasukkā yato vantā, tatopi bhagavā matoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tena vuttaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Bhāgavā bhatavā bhāge, bhage ca vani bhattavā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Bhage vami tathā bhāge, vamīti bhagavā jino’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dhammasarīraṃ paccakkhaṃ karotī</span>ti ‘‘yo vo, ānanda, mayā dhammo ca vinayo ca desito paññatto, so vo mamaccayena satthā’’ti (dī. ni. 2.216) vacanato dhammassa satthubhāvapariyāyo vijjatīti katvā vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Vajirasaṅghātasamānakāyo</span> parehi abhejjasarīrattā. Na hi bhagavato rūpakāye kenaci sakkā antarāyo kātunti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Desanāsampattiṃ niddisati</span> vakkhamānassa sakalassa suttassa ‘‘eva’’nti nidassanato. <span class="bld">Sāvakasampattiṃ niddisati</span> paṭisambhidāppattena pañcasu ṭhānesu bhagavatā etadagge ṭhapitena mayā mahāsāvakena <a name="V1.0039"></a> sutaṃ, tañca kho mayāva <a name="M1.0043"></a> sutaṃ, na anussutikaṃ, na paramparābhatanti imassa atthassa dīpanato. <span class="bld">Kālasampattiṃ niddisati</span> bhagavā-saddasannidhāne payuttassa samaya-saddassa kālassa buddhuppādapaṭimaṇḍitabhāvadīpanato. Buddhuppādaparamā hi kālasampadā. Tenetaṃ vuccati –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Kappakasāye kaliyuge, buddhuppādo aho mahacchariyaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Hutāvahamajjhe jātaṃ, samuditamakarandamaravinda’’nti. (dī. ni. ṭī. 1.1; saṃ. ni. ṭī. 1.1.1; a. ni. ṭī. 1.1.1 rūpādivaggavaṇṇanā);</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhagavāti desakasampattiṃ niddisati</span> guṇavisiṭṭhasattuttamagarugāravādhivacanabhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Maṅgaladivaso sukhaṇo sunakkhatta</span>nti ajja maṅgaladivaso, tasmā sunakkhattaṃ, tatthāpi ayaṃ sukhaṇo. <span class="bld">Mā atikkamī</span>ti mā rattivibhāyanaṃ anudikkhantānaṃ ratti atikkamīti evaṃ sambandho veditabbo. Ukkāsu ṭhitāsu ṭhitāti <span class="bld">ukkaṭṭhā</span> (dī. ni. ṭī. 1.255; a. ni. ṭī. 2.4.36). Ukkāsu vijjotalantīsu ṭhitā patiṭṭhitāti mūlavibhūjādipakkhepena (pāṇini 3.2.5) saddasiddhi veditabbā. Niruttinayena vā ukkāsu ṭhitāsu ṭhitā āsīti <span class="bld">ukkaṭṭhā</span>. Apare pana bhaṇanti ‘‘bhūmibhāgasampattiyā manussasampattiyā upakaraṇasampattiyā ca sā nagarī ukkaṭṭhaguṇayogato ‘ukkaṭṭhā’ti nāmaṃ labhī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Avisesenā</span>ti na visesena, vihārabhāvasāmaññenāti attho. <span class="bld">Iriyāpatha…pe… vihāresū</span>ti iriyāpathavihāro dibbavihāro brahmavihāro ariyavihāroti etesu catūsu vihāresu. <span class="bld">Samaṅgiparidīpana</span>nti samaṅgībhāvaparidīpanaṃ. <span class="bld">Eta</span>nti ‘‘viharatī’’ti etaṃ padaṃ. Tathā hi taṃ ‘‘idhekacco gihīhi saṃsaṭṭho viharati sahanandī sahasokī’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 4.241) iriyāpathavihāre āgataṃ; ‘‘yasmiṃ samaye, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vivicceva kāmehi…pe… paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharatī’’tiādīsu (dha. sa. 160; vibha. 624) dibbavihāre; ‘‘so mettāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharatī’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 1.556; 3.308; ma. ni. 1.77; 2.309; 3.230) brahmavihāre; ‘‘so kho ahaṃ aggivessana tassāyeva kathāya pariyosāne tasmiṃ eva purimasmiṃ samādhinimitte ajjhattameva <a name="V1.0040"></a><a name="M1.0044"></a> cittaṃ saṇṭhapemi sannisādemi ekodiṃ karomi samādahāmi, yena sudaṃ niccakappaṃ viharāmī’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.387) ariyavihāre.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha iriyanaṃ vattanaṃ iriyā, kāyappayogo. Tassā pavattanupāyabhāvato ṭhānādi iriyāpatho. Ṭhānasamaṅgī vā hi kāyena kiñci kareyya gamanādīsu aññatarasamaṅgī vā. Atha vā iriyati pavattati etena attabhāvo, kāyakiccaṃ vāti iriyā, tassā pavattiyā upāyabhāvato pathoti iriyāpatho, ṭhānādi eva. So ca atthato gatinivattiādiākārena pavatto catusantatirūpapabandho eva. Viharaṇaṃ, viharati etenāti vā vihāro, iriyāpatho eva vihāro <span class="bld">iriyāpathavihāro</span>. Divi bhavoti dibbo. Tattha bahulappavattiyā brahmapārisajjādidevaloke bhavoti attho. Tattha yo dibbānubhāvo, tadatthāya saṃvattatīti vā dibbo, abhiññābhinīhāravasena mahāgatikattā vā dibbo, dibbo ca so vihāro cāti <span class="bld">dibbavihāro,</span> catasso rūpāvacarasamāpattiyo. Āruppasamāpattiyopi ettheva saṅgahaṃ gacchanti. Brahmūnaṃ, brahmāno vā vihārā <span class="bld">brahmavihārā</span>, catasso appamaññāyo. Ariyānaṃ, ariyā vā vihārā <span class="bld">ariyavihārā,</span> cattāri sāmaññaphalāni. <span class="bld">So hi bhagavā ekaṃ iriyāpathabādhana</span>ntiādi yadipi bhagavā ekenapi iriyāpathena cirataraṃ kālaṃ attabhāvaṃ pavattetuṃ sakkoti, tathāpi ‘‘upādinnakasarīrassa nāma ayaṃ sabhāvo’’ti dassetuṃ vuttaṃ. Yasmā vā bhagavā yattha katthaci vasanto veneyyānaṃ dhammaṃ desento, nānāsamāpattīhi ca kālaṃ vītināmento vasatīti veneyyasattānaṃ attano ca vividhaṃ hitasukhaṃ harati upaneti uppādeti, tasmā vividhaṃ haratīti evamettha attho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Subhagattā</span>ti sirīkāmānavasena sobhanattā. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘sundarasirikattā sundarakāmattā cā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Chaṇasamajjaussave</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">chaṇaṃ</span> nāma phaggunamāsādīsu uttaraphaggunādi-abhilakkhitadivasesu saparijanānaṃ manussānaṃ maṅgalakaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Samajjaṃ</span> nāma naṭasamajjādi. <span class="bld">Ussavo</span> nakkhattaṃ. Yattha gāmanigamavāsino tayo satta vā divase nakkhattaghosanaṃ katvā yathāvibhavaṃ alaṅkatapaṭiyattā bhoge paribhuñjantā nakkhattakīḷanaṃ <a name="M1.0045"></a> kīḷanti. <span class="bld">Tesaṃ taṃ tatheva hotī</span>ti tesaṃ manussānaṃ taṃ patthanaṃ tannivāsidevatānubhāvena yebhuyyena tatheva hoti, patthanā samijjhatīti attho. <span class="bld">Bahujanakantatāyā</span>ti iminā ‘‘sundarakāmattā’’ti etasseva padassa pakārantarena atthaṃ vibhāveti. Tatrāyaṃ vacanattho – kamanīyaṭṭhena suṭṭhu bhajīyatīti <span class="bld">subhagaṃ,</span> subhā agā rukkhā etthāti vā <span class="bld">subhagaṃ,</span> sundarakittiyogato vā <span class="bld">‘‘subhaga’’</span>nti evampettha atthaṃ vaṇṇenti. Keci pana ‘‘subhāgavane’’ti paṭhanti, ‘‘sundarabhūmibhāge <a name="V1.0041"></a> vane’’ti cassa atthaṃ vadanti. Subhagassa nāma yakkhassa vanaṃ tena pariggahitattāti ‘‘subhagavana’’nti aññe. Vananaṃ bhattītiatthe taṃ vananaṃ kāretīti etasmiṃ atthe vanayatīti padasiddhi veditabbā. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘attani sinehaṃ uppādetī’’</span>ti. Yācanatthe <span class="bld">vanute iti vana</span>nti upacārakappanāvasena vana-saddo veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ujuvaṃsā</span>ti ujubhūtaviṭapā. <span class="bld">Mahāsālā</span>ti mahārukkhā. <span class="bld">Aññatarasmiṃ sālamūle</span>ti aññatarassa rukkhassa mūle. <span class="bld">Vanappatijeṭṭhakarukkho</span>ti vanappatibhūto jeṭṭhakarukkho. <span class="bld">Tameva jeṭṭhakabhāva</span>nti vanappatibhāvenāgataṃ seṭṭhabhāvaṃ padhānabhāvaṃ. Tena hi so ‘‘sālarājā’’ti vutto. Upagatānaṃ rañjanaṭṭhena rājā, aññasmimpi tādise rukkhe rājavohāraṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘supatiṭṭhitassā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">brāhmaṇa dhammikā</span>ti ālapanaṃ. Nippariyāyena sākhādimato saṅghātassa suppatiṭṭhitabhāvasādhane avayavavisese pavattamāno mūla-saddo. Yasmā taṃsadisesu tannissaye padese ca ruḷhīvasena pariyāyato pavattati, tasmā ‘‘mūlāni uddhareyyā’’ti ettha nippariyāyamūlaṃ adhippetanti ekena mūla-saddena visesetvā āha <span class="bld">‘‘mūlamūle dissatī’’</span>ti yathā ‘‘dukkhadukkhaṃ (saṃ. ni. 4.327), rūparūpa’’nti (visuddhi. 2.449) ca. <span class="bld">Asādhāraṇahetumhī</span>ti asādhāraṇakāraṇe. Lobhasahagatacittuppādānaṃ eva āveṇike nesaṃ suppatiṭṭhitabhāvasādhanato mūlaṭṭhena upakārake paccayadhamme dissatīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti ‘‘ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā ukkaṭṭhāyaṃ viharati subhagavane sālarājamūle’’ti yaṃ vuttaṃ vākyaṃ, tatta. <span class="bld">Siyā</span>ti kassaci evaṃ parivitakko siyā, vakkhamānākārena kadāci codeyya vāti attho. <span class="bld">Atha tattha viharatī</span>ti yadi subhagavane sālarājamūle viharati. <span class="bld">Na vattabba</span>nti nānāṭhānabhūtattā <a name="M1.0046"></a> ukkaṭṭhāsubhagavanānaṃ, ekaṃ samayanti ca vuttattāti adhippāyo. Idāni codako tameva attano adhippāyaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘na hi sakkā’’</span>tiādinā vivarati. Itaro sabbametaṃ aviparītaṃ atthaṃ ajānantena vuttanti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘na kho panetaṃ evaṃ daṭṭhabba’’</span>nti āha. Tattha <span class="bld">eta</span>nti ‘‘ukkaṭṭhāyaṃ viharati subhagavane sālarājamūle’’ti etaṃ vacanaṃ. Evanti ‘‘yadi tāva bhagavā’’tiādinā yaṃ taṃ bhavatā coditaṃ, taṃ atthato evaṃ na kho pana daṭṭhabbaṃ, na ubhayattha apubbaacarimaṃ vihāradassanatthanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni attano yathādhippetaṃ aviparītaṃ atthaṃ, tassa ca paṭikacceva vuttabhāvaṃ, tena ca appaṭividdhattaṃ pakāsento <span class="bld">‘‘nanu avocumha…pe… sālarājamūle’’</span>ti āha. Evampi ‘‘subhagavane <a name="V1.0042"></a> sālarājamūle viharatī’’cceva vattabbaṃ, na ‘‘ukkaṭṭhāya’’nti codanaṃ manasi katvā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘gocaragāmanidassanattha’’</span>ntiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Avassaṃ cettha gocaragāmakittanaṃ kātabbaṃ. Tathā hi taṃ yathā subhagavanādikittanaṃ pabbajitānuggahakaraṇādianekappayojanaṃ, evaṃ gahaṭṭhānuggahakaraṇādivividhappayojananti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘ukkaṭṭhākittanenā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha paccayaggahaṇena upasaṅkamanapayirupāsanānaṃ okāsadānena dhammadesanāya saraṇesu sīlesu ca patiṭṭhāpanena yathūpanissayaṃ uparivisesādhigamāvahanena ca <span class="bld">gahaṭṭhānaggahakaraṇaṃ,</span> uggahaparipucchānaṃ kammaṭṭhānānuyogassa ca anurūpavasanaṭṭhānapariggahenettha <span class="bld">pabbajitānuggahakaraṇaṃ</span> veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Karuṇāya upagamanaṃ,</span> na lābhādinimittaṃ, <span class="bld">paññāya apagamanaṃ,</span> na virodhādinimittanti upagamanāpagamanānaṃ nirupakkilesataṃ vibhāveti. <span class="bld">Dhammikasukhaṃ</span> nāma anavajjasukhaṃ. <span class="bld">Devānaṃ upakārabahulatā</span> janavivittatāya. Pacurajanavivittaṃ hi ṭhānaṃ devā upasaṅkamitabbaṃ maññanti. <span class="bld">Tadatthaparinipphādana</span>nti lokatthanipphādanaṃ, buddhakiccasampādananti attho. <span class="bld">Evamādinā</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena ukkaṭṭhākittanato rūpakāyassa anuggaṇhanaṃ dasseti, subhagavanādikittanato dhammakāyassa. Tathā purimena parādhīnakiriyākaraṇaṃ, dutiyena attādhīnakiriyākaraṇaṃ. Purimena vā karuṇākiccaṃ, itarena paññākiccaṃ. Purimena cassa paramāya anukampāya samannāgamaṃ, pacchimena paramāya upekkhāya samannāgamaṃ <a name="M1.0047"></a> dīpeti. Bhagavā hi sabbasatte paramāya anukampāya anukampati, na ca tattha sinehadosānupatito paramupekkhakabhāvato, upekkhako ca na ca parahitasukhakaraṇe apposukko mahākāruṇikabhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tassa mahākāruṇikatāya lokanāthatā, upekkhakatāya attanāthatā. Tathā hesa bodhisattabhūto mahākaruṇāya sañcoditamānaso sakalalokahitāya ussukkamāpanno mahābhinīhārato paṭṭhāya tadatthanipphādanatthaṃ puññañāṇasambhāre sampādento aparimitaṃ kālaṃ anappakaṃ dukkhamanubhosi, upekkhakatāya sammā patitehi dukkhehi na vikampi. Tathā mahākāruṇikatāya saṃsārābhimukhatā, upekkhakatāya tato nibbindanā. Tathā upekkhakatāya nibbānābhimukhatā, mahākāruṇikatāya tadadhigamo. Tathā mahākāruṇikatāya paresaṃ abhiṃsāpanaṃ, upekkhakatāya sayaṃ parehi abhāyanaṃ. Mahākāruṇikatāya paraṃ rakkhato attano rakkhaṇaṃ, upekkhakatāya attānaṃ rakkhato paresaṃ rakkhaṇaṃ. Tenassa attahitāya paṭipannādīsu catutthapuggalabhāvo siddho hoti. Tathā mahākāruṇikatāya saccādhiṭṭhānassa cāgādhiṭṭhānassa ca pāripūri, upekkhakatāya upasamādhiṭṭhānassa paññādhiṭṭhānassa ca pāripūri. Evaṃ parisuddhāsayapayogassa <a name="V1.0043"></a> mahākāruṇikatāya lokahitatthameva rajjasampadādibhavasampattiyā upagamanaṃ, upekkhakatāya tiṇāyapi amaññamānassa tato apagamanaṃ. Iti suvisuddhaupagamāpagamassa mahākāruṇikatāya lokahitatthameva dānavasena sampattīnaṃ pariccajanā, upekkhakatāya cassa phalassa attano apaccāsīsanā. Evaṃ samudāgamanato paṭṭhāya acchariyabbhutaguṇasamannāgatassa mahākāruṇikatāya paresaṃ hitasukhatthaṃ atidukkarakāritā, upekkhakatāya kāyampi analaṃkāritā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā mahākāruṇikatāya carimattabhāve jiṇṇāturamatadassanena sañjātasaṃvego, upekkhakatāya uḷāresu devabhogasadisesu bhogesu nirapekkho mahābhinikkhamanaṃ nikkhami. Tathā mahākāruṇikatāya ‘‘kicchaṃ vatāyaṃ loko āpanno’’tiādinā (dī. ni. 2.57; saṃ. ni. 2.4, 10) karuṇāmukheneva vipassanārambho<a name="M1.0048"></a>, upekkhakatāya buddhabhūtassa satta sattāhāni vivekasukheneva vītināmanaṃ. Mahākāruṇikatāya dhammagambhīrataṃ paccavekkhitvā dhammadesanāya apposukkataṃ āpajjitvāpi mahābrahmuno ajjhesanāpadesena okāsakaraṇaṃ, upekkhakatāya pañcavaggiyādi veneyyānaṃ ananurūpasamudācārepi anaññathābhāvo. Mahākāruṇikatāya katthaci paṭighātābhāvenassa sabbattha amittasaññāya abhāvo, upekkhakatāya katthacipi anurodhābhāvena sabbattha sinehasanthavābhāvo. Mahākāruṇikatāya gāmādīnaṃ āsannaṭṭhāne vasantassapi upekkhakatāya araññaṭṭhāne eva viharaṇaṃ. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘purimena cassa paramāya annukampāya samannāgamaṃ, pacchimena paramāya upekkhāya samannāgamaṃ dīpetī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ta</span>nti ‘‘tatrā’’ti padaṃ. <span class="bld">Desakālaparidīpana</span>nti ye desakālā idha viharaṇakiriyāvisesanabhāvena vuttā, tesaṃ paridīpananti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ samayaṃ…pe… dīpetī’’</span>ti āha. Taṃ-saddo hi vuttassa atthassa paṭiniddeso, tasmā idha kālassa, desassa vā paṭiniddeso bhavituṃ arahati, na aññassa. Ayaṃ tāva tatra-saddassa paṭiniddesabhāve atthavibhāvanā. Yasmā pana īdisesu ṭhānesu tatra-saddo dhammadesanāvisiṭṭhaṃ desaṃ kālañca vibhāveti, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘bhāsitabbayutte vā desakāle dīpetī’’</span>ti. Tena <span class="bld">tatrā</span>ti yattha bhagavā dhammadesanatthaṃ bhikkhū ālapi abhāsi, tādise dese, kāle vāti attho. <span class="bld">Na hī</span>tiādinā tamevatthaṃ samattheti. Nanu ca yattha ṭhito bhagavā ‘‘akālo kho tāvā’’tiādinā bāhiyassa dhammadesanaṃ paṭikkhipi, tattheva antaravīthiyaṃ ṭhito tassa dhammaṃ desetīti? Saccametaṃ, adesetabbakāle adesanāya idaṃ udāharaṇaṃ. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘akālo kho tāvā’’</span>ti. Yaṃ pana tattha vuttaṃ <a name="V1.0044"></a> ‘‘antaragharaṃ paviṭṭhamhā’’ti (udā. 10), tampi tassa akālabhāvasseva pariyāyena dassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Tassa hi tadā addhānaparissamena rūpakāye akammaññatā ahosi, balavapītivegena nāmakāye, tadubhayassa vūpasamaṃ āgamento papañcaparihāratthaṃ bhagavā ‘‘akālo kho’’ti pariyāyena paṭikkhipi. Adesetabbadese adesanāya pana udāharaṇaṃ ‘‘atha kho bhagavā maggā okkamma aññatarasmiṃ <a name="M1.0049"></a> rukkhamūle nisīdi (saṃ. ni. 2.154), vihārato nikkhamitvā vihārapacchāyāyaṃ paññatte āsane nisīdī’’ti (dī. ni. 1.363) ca evamādikaṃ idha <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena saṅgahitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Atha kho so, bhikkhave, bālo idha pubbe rasādo idha pāpāni kammāni karitvā’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 3.251) <span class="bld">padapūraṇamatte kho-saddo,</span> ‘‘dukkhaṃ kho agāravo viharati appatisso’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 4.21) <span class="bld">avadhāraṇe,</span> ‘‘kittāvatā nu kho, āvuso, satthu pavivittassa viharato sāvakā vivekaṃ nānusikkhantī’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.31) <span class="bld">ādikālatthe</span>. Vākyārambheti attho. Tattha padapūraṇena vacanālaṅkāramattaṃ kataṃ hoti, ādikālatthena vākyassa upaññāsamattaṃ, avadhāratthena pana niyamadassanaṃ, tasmā āmantesi evāti āmantane niyamo dassito hotīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Bhagavāti lokagarudīpana’’nti kasmā vuttaṃ, nanu pubbepi bhagavā-saddassa attho vuttoti? Yadipi pubbe vutto, taṃ panassa yathāvutte ṭhāne viharaṇakiriyāya kattuvisesadassanatthaṃ kataṃ, na āmantanakiriyāya, idha pana āmantanakiriyāya, tasmā tadatthaṃ puna ‘‘bhagavā’’ti pāḷiyaṃ vuttanti tassatthaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘bhagavāti lokagarudīpana’’</span>nti āha. <span class="bld">Kathāsavanayuttapuggalavacana</span>nti vakkhamānāya mūlapariyāyadesanāya savanayogyapuggalavacanaṃ. Catūsupi parisāsu bhikkhū eva edisānaṃ desanānaṃ visesena bhājanabhūtā, iti sātisayasāsanasampaṭiggāhakabhāvadassanatthaṃ idha bhikkhugahaṇanti dassetvā idāni saddatthaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘apicā’’</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">bhikkhakoti bhikkhū</span>ti bhikkhanadhammatāya bhikkhūti attho. <span class="bld">Bhikkhācariyaṃ ajjhupagato</span>ti buddhādīhipi ajjhupagataṃ bhikkhācariyaṃ uñchācariyaṃ ajjhupagatattā anuṭṭhitattā <span class="bld">bhikkhū</span>. Yo hi koci appaṃ vā mahantaṃ vā bhogakkhandhaṃ pahāya agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito, so kasigorakkhādīhi jīvikākappanaṃ hitvā liṅgasampaṭicchaneneva bhikkhācariyaṃ ajjhupagatattā <span class="bld">bhikkhu,</span> parapaṭibaddhajīvikattā vā vihāramajjhe kājabhattaṃ bhuñjamānopi bhikkhācariyaṃ <a name="V1.0045"></a> ajjhupagatoti <span class="bld">bhikkhu,</span> piṇḍiyālopabhojanaṃ nissāya pabbajjāya ussāhajātattā vā bhikkhācariyaṃ ajjhupagatoti <span class="bld">bhikkhū</span>ti evampettha attho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Ādinā nayenā</span>ti ‘‘bhinnapaṭadharoti bhikkhu, bhindati pāpake akusale dhammeti bhikkhu, bhinnattā <a name="M1.0050"></a> pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ bhikkhū’’tiādinā <span class="bld">vibhaṅge</span> (vibha. 510) āgatanayena. <span class="bld">Ñāpane</span>ti avabodhane, paṭivedaneti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhikkhanasīlatā</span>tiādīsu <span class="bld">bhikkhanasīlatā</span> bhikkhanena ājīvanasīlatā, na kasivaṇijjādīhi ājīvanasīlatā. <span class="bld">Bhikkhanadhammatā</span> ‘‘uddissa ariyā tiṭṭhantī’’ti (paṭi. ma. 153; mi. pa. 4.5.9) evaṃ vuttabhikkhanasabhāvatā, na sambhāvanākohaññasabhāvatā. <span class="bld">Bhikkhane sādhukāritā</span> ‘‘uttiṭṭhe nappamajjeyyā’’ti (dha. pa. 168) vacanaṃ anussaritvā tattha appamajjanā. Atha vā <span class="bld">sīlaṃ</span> nāma pakatisabhāvo, idha pana tadadhiṭṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Dhammo</span>ti vataṃ. Apare pana <span class="bld">‘‘sīlaṃ</span> nāma vatasamādānaṃ, <span class="bld">dhammo</span> nāma paveṇīāgataṃ cārittaṃ, <span class="bld">sādhukāritā</span>ti sakkaccakāritā ādarakiriyā’’ti vaṇṇenti. <span class="bld">Hīnādhikajanasevita</span>nti ye bhikkhubhāve ṭhitāpi jātimadādivasena uddhatā unnaḷā. Ye ca gihibhāve paresu atthikabhāvampi anupagatatāya bhikkhācariyaṃ paramakāpaññataṃ maññanti, tesaṃ ubhayesampi yathākkamaṃ ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti vacanena hīnajanehi daliddehi paramakāpaññataṃ pattehi parakulesu bhikkhācariyāya jīvikaṃ kappentehi sevitaṃ vuttiṃ pakāsento uddhatabhāvaniggahaṃ karoti, adhikajanehi uḷārabhogakhattiyakulādito pabbajitehi buddhādīhi ājīvavisodhanatthaṃ sevitaṃ vuttiṃ pakāsento dīnabhāvaniggahaṃ karotīti yojetabbaṃ. Yasmā ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti vacanaṃ āmantanabhāvato abhimukhīkaraṇaṃ, pakaraṇato sāmatthiyato ca sussūsājananaṃ sakkaccasavanamanasikāraniyojanañca hoti. Tasmā tamatthaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘bhikkhavoti iminā’’</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">sādhukasavanamanasikāre</span>ti sādhukasavane sādhukamanasikāre ca. Kathaṃ pana pavattitā savanādayo sādhukaṃ pavattitā hontīti? ‘‘Addhā imāya sammāpaṭipattiyā sakalasāsanasampatti hatthagatā bhavissatī’’ti ādaragāravayogena, kathādīsu aparibhavanādinā ca. Vuttaṃ hi ‘‘pañcahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato suṇanto saddhammaṃ bhabbo niyāmaṃ okkamituṃ kusalesu dhammesu sammattaṃ. Katamehi pañcahi? Na kathaṃ paribhoti, na kathikaṃ paribhoti, na attānaṃ paribhoti, avikkhittacitto dhammaṃ suṇāti ekaggacitto, yoniso ca manasi karoti. Imehi kho, bhikkhave<a name="M1.0051"></a>, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato suṇanto saddhammaṃ bhabbo niyāmaṃ okkamituṃ <a name="V1.0046"></a> kusalesu dhammesu sammatta’’nti (a. ni. 5.151). Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘sādhukasavanamanasikārāyattā hi sāsanasampattī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sāsanasampatti</span> nāma sīlādinipphatti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭhamaṃ uppannattā</span> adhigamavasena. <span class="bld">Satthucariyānuvidhāyakattā</span> sīlādiguṇānuṭṭhānena. Tiṇṇaṃ yānānaṃ vasena anudhammapaṭipattisabbhāvato <span class="bld">sakalasāsanapaṭiggāhakattā. Santikattā</span>ti samīpabhāvato. <span class="bld">Santikāvacarattā</span>ti sabbakālaṃ sampayuttabhāvato. <span class="bld">Yathānusiṭṭha</span>nti anusāsanianurūpaṃ, anusāsaniṃ anavasesato paṭiggahetvāti attho. <span class="bld">Ekacce bhikkhūyeva sandhāyā</span>ti ye suttapariyosāne ‘‘te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandu’’nti vuttā pañcasatā brāhmaṇapabbajitā, te sandhāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pubbe sabbaparisasādhāraṇattepi bhagavato dhammadesanāya ‘‘jeṭṭhaseṭṭhā’’tiādinā bhikkhūnaṃ eva āmantane kāraṇaṃ dassetvā idāni bhikkhū āmantetvāva dhammadesanāya payojanaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kimatthaṃ pana bhagavā’’</span>ti codanaṃ samuṭṭhāpesi. Tattha <span class="bld">aññaṃ cintentā</span>ti aññavihitā. <span class="bld">Vikkhittacittā</span>ti asamāhitacittā. <span class="bld">Dhammaṃ paccavekkhantā</span>ti tadā hiyyo tato paradivasesu vā sutadhammaṃ pati pati manasā avekkhantā. Bhikkhū āmantetvā dhamme desiyamāne ādito paṭṭhāya desanaṃ sallakkhetuṃ sakkontīti imamevatthaṃ byatirekamukhena dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘te anāmantetvā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhikkhavotī</span>ti ca sandhivasena i-kāralopo daṭṭhabbo ‘‘bhikkhavo itī’’ti. Ayaṃ hi iti-saddo hetu-parisamāpanādipadatthavipariyāya-pakārāvadhāraṇanidassanādianekatthappabhedo. Tathā hesa ‘‘ruppatīti kho, bhikkhave, tasmā ‘rūpa’nti vuccatī’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 3.79) hetuatthe dissati; ‘‘tasmā tiha me, bhikkhave, dhammadāyādā bhavatha, mā āmisadāyādā, atthi me tumhesu anukampā ‘kinti me sāvakā dhammadāyādā bhaveyyuṃ, no āmisadāyādā’ti’’ādīsu parisamāpane; ‘‘iti vā, iti evarūpā naccagītavāditavisūkadassanā <a name="M1.0052"></a> paṭivirato’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 1.13) ādiatthe; ‘‘māgaṇṭhiyoti tassa brāhmaṇassa saṅkhā samaññā paññatti vohāro nāmaṃ nāmakammaṃ nāmadheyyaṃ nirutti byañjanamabhilāpo’’tiādīsu (mahāni. 73) padatthavipariyāye; ‘‘iti kho, bhikkhave, sappaṭibhayo bālo, appaṭibhayo paṇḍito, saupaddavo bālo, anupaddavo paṇḍito, saupasaggo bālo, anupasaggo paṇḍito’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 3.124) pakāre; ‘‘atthi idappaccayā jarāmaraṇanti iti puṭṭhena satā, ānanda, atthītissa vacanīyaṃ, kiṃ paccayā jarāmaraṇanti <a name="V1.0047"></a> iti ce vadeyya, jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇanti iccassa vacanīya’’ntiādīsu (dī. ni. 2.96) avadhāraṇe; ‘‘sabbamatthīti kho, kaccāna, ayameko anto, sabbaṃ natthīti kho, kaccāna, ayaṃ dutiyo anto’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 2.15) nidassane. Idhāpi nidassaneva daṭṭhabbo. Bhikkhavoti hi āmantitākāro, tamesa iti-saddo nidasseti ‘‘bhikkhavoti āmantesī’’ti. Iminā nayena <span class="bld">‘‘bhaddante’’</span>tiādīsupi yathārahaṃ iti-saddassa attho veditabbo. Pubbe ‘‘bhagavā āmantesī’’ti vuttattā ‘‘bhagavato paccassosu’’nti idha ‘‘bhagavato’’ti sāmivacanaṃ āmantanameva sambandhīantaraṃ apekkhatīti iminā adhippāyena <span class="bld">‘‘bhagavato āmantanaṃ paṭiassosu’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. ‘‘Bhagavato’’ti pana idaṃ paṭissavasambandhanena sampadānavacanaṃ yathā ‘‘devadattassa paṭissuṇotī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yaṃ nidānaṃ bhāsitanti sambandho. Etthāha – kimatthaṃ pana dhammavinayasaṅgahe kariyamāne nidānavacanaṃ, nanu bhagavatā bhāsitavacanasseva saṅgaho kātabboti? Vuccate – desanāya ṭhitiasammosasaddheyyabhāvasampādanatthaṃ. Kāladesadesakanimittaparisāpadesehi upanibandhitvā ṭhapitā hi desanā ciraṭṭhitikā hoti asammosadhammā saddheyyā ca, desakālakattusotunimittehi upanibaddho viya vohāravinicchayo. Teneva ca āyasmatā mahākassapena ‘‘mūlapariyāyasuttaṃ āvuso, ānanda, kattha bhāsita’’ntiādinā desādipucchāsu katāsu tāsaṃ vissajjanaṃ karontena dhammabhaṇḍāgārikena ‘‘evaṃ me suta’’ntiādinā imassa suttassa nidānaṃ bhāsitaṃ. Apica satthusampattipakāsanatthaṃ nidānavacanaṃ. Tathāgatassa hi bhagavato pubbaracanānumānāgamatakkābhāvato sammāsambuddhabhāvasiddhi<a name="M1.0053"></a>. Na hi sammāsambuddhassa pubbaracanādīhi attho atthi sabbattha appaṭihatañāṇacāratāya ekappamāṇattā ca ñeyyadhammesu. Tathā ācariyamuṭṭhidhammamacchariyasāsanasāvakānurodhābhāvato khīṇāsavabhāvasiddhi. Na hi sabbaso khīṇāsavassa te sambhavantīti suvisuddhassa parānuggahappavatti. Evaṃ desakasaṃkilesabhūtānaṃ diṭṭhisīlasampadādūsakānaṃ avijjātaṇhānaṃ accantābhāvasaṃsūcakehi ñāṇasampadāpahānasampadābhibyañjakehi ca sambuddhavisuddhabhāvehi purimavesārajjadvayasiddhi, tato eva ca antarāyikaniyyānikadhammesu sammohābhāvasiddhito pacchimavesārajjadvayasiddhīti bhagavato catuvesārajjasamannāgamo attahitaparahitapaṭipatti ca nidānavacanena pakāsitā hoti tattha tattha sampattapariyāya ajjhāsayānurūpaṃ ṭhānuppattikapaṭibhānena dhammadesanādīpanato, idha pana pathavīādīsu vatthūsu puthujjanānaṃ paṭipattivibhāgavavatthāpakadesanādīpanatoti yojetabbaṃ. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘satthusampattipakāsanatthaṃ nidānavacana’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā <a name="V1.0048"></a> sāsanasampattipakāsanatthaṃ nidānavacanaṃ. Ñāṇakaruṇāpariggahitasabbakiriyassa hi bhagavato natthi niratthikā paṭipatti, attahitatthā vā. Tasmā paresaṃ eva atthāya pavattasabbakiriyassa sammāsambuddhassa sakalampi kāyavacīmanokammaṃ yathāpavattaṃ vuccamānaṃ diṭṭhadhammikasamparāyikaparamatthehi yathārahaṃ sattānaṃ anusāsanaṭṭhena sāsanaṃ, na kabyaracanā, tayidaṃ satthucaritaṃ kāladesadesakaparisāpadesehi saddhiṃ tattha tattha nidānavacanehi yathārahaṃ pakāsīyati, idha pana ‘‘pathaviyādīsu vatthūsū’’ti sabbaṃ purimasadisameva. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘sāsanasampattipakāsanatthaṃ nidānavacana’’nti. Apica satthuno pamāṇabhāvappakāsanena sāsanassa pamāṇabhāvadassanatthaṃ nidānavacanaṃ, tañca desakappamāṇabhāvadassanaṃ heṭṭhā vuttanayānusārena ‘‘bhagavā’’ti ca iminā padena vibhāvitanti veditabbaṃ. ‘‘Bhagavā’’ti iminā tathāgatassa rāgadosamohādisabbakilesamaladuccaritādidosappahānadīpanena vacanena anaññasādhāraṇasuparisuddhañāṇakaruṇādiguṇavisesayogaparidīpanena tato eva sabbasattuttamabhāvadīpanena ayamattho sabbathā pakāsito hotīti idamettha nidānavacanappayojanassa mukhamattadassanaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Abbhantaranidānavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Suttanikkhepavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nikkhittassā</span>ti <a name="M1.0054"></a> desitassa. Desanāpi hi desetabbassa sīlādiatthassa vineyyasantānesu nikkhipanato ‘‘nikkhepo’’ti vuccati. <span class="bld">Suttanikkhepaṃ vicāretvā vuccamānā pākaṭā hotī</span>ti sāmaññato bhagavato desanāsamuṭṭhānassa vibhāgaṃ dassetvā ‘‘etthāyaṃ desanā evaṃsamuṭṭhānā’’ti desanāya samuṭṭhāne dassite suttassa sammadeva nidānaparijānanena vaṇṇanāya suviññeyyattā vuttaṃ. Evañhi ‘‘assutavā bhikkhave puthujjano’’tiādinā, ‘‘yopi so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu arahaṃ khīṇāsavo’’tiādinā (ma. ni. 1.8), ‘‘tathāgatopi kho, bhikkhave, arahaṃ sammāsambuddho’’tiādinā (ma. ni. 1.12) ca pavattadesanā anusandhidassanasukhatāya suviññeyyā hoti. Tattha yathā anekasataanekasahassabhedānipi suttantāni saṃkilesabhāgiyādipadhānanayavasena soḷasavidhataṃ nātivattanti, evaṃ attajjhāsayādisuttanikkhepavasena catubbidhabhāvanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘cattāro hi suttanikkhepā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca yathā attajjhāsayassa aṭṭhuppattiyā ca parajjhāsayapucchāhi saddhiṃ saṃsaggabhedo sambhavati <a name="V1.0049"></a> ‘‘attajjhāsayo ca parajjhāsayo ca, attajjhāsayo ca pucchāvasiko ca, aṭṭhuppattiko ca parajjhāsayo ca, aṭṭhuppattiko ca pucchāvasiko cā’’ti ajjhāsayapucchānusandhisabbhāvato, evaṃ yadipi aṭṭhuppattiyā attajjhāsayenapi saṃsaggabhedo sambhavati, attajjhāsayādīhi pana purato ṭhitehi aṭṭhuppattiyā saṃsaggo natthīti nayidha niravaseso vitthāranayo sambhavatīti ‘‘cattāro suttanikkhepā’’ti vuttaṃ, tadantogadhattā vā sambhavantānaṃ sesanikkhepānaṃ mūlanikkhepavasena cattārova dassitā. Tathādassanañcettha ayaṃ saṃsaggabhedo gahetabboti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatrāyaṃ vacanattho – nikkhipīyatīti nikkhepo, suttaṃ eva nikkhepo <span class="bld">suttanikkhepo</span>. Atha vā nikkhipanaṃ nikkhepo, suttassa nikkhepo <span class="bld">suttanikkhepo,</span> suttadesanāti attho. Attano ajjhāsayo attajjhāsayo, so assa atthi kāraṇabhūtoti <span class="bld">attajjhāsayo</span>. Attano ajjhāsayo etassāti vā <span class="bld">attajjhāsayo</span>. <span class="bld">Parajjhāsaye</span>pi eseva nayo. Pucchāya vaso pucchāvaso, so etassa atthīti <a name="M1.0055"></a> <span class="bld">pucchāvasiko</span>. Suttadesanāvatthubhūtassa atthassa uppatti atthuppatti, atthuppattiyeva aṭṭhuppatti ttha-kārassa ṭṭha-kāraṃ katvā. Sā etassa atthīti <span class="bld">aṭṭhuppattiko</span>. Atha vā nikkhipīyati suttaṃ etenāti <span class="bld">suttanikkhepo,</span> attajjhāsayādi eva. Etasmiṃ pana attavikappe attano ajjhāsayo <span class="bld">attajjhāsayo</span>. Paresaṃ ajjhāsayo <span class="bld">parajjhāsayo</span>. Pucchīyatīti pucchā, pucchitabbo attho. Pucchanavasena pavattaṃ dhammapaṭiggāhakānaṃ vacanaṃ pucchāvasikaṃ, tadeva nikkhepa-saddāpekkhāya pulliṅgavasena <span class="bld">‘‘pucchāvasiko’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Tathā aṭṭhuppatti eva <span class="bld">aṭṭhuppattiko</span>ti evampettha attho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apicettha paresaṃ indriyaparipākādikāraṇanirapekkhattā attajjhāsayassa visuṃ suttanikkhepabhāvo yutto kevalaṃ attano ajjhāsayeneva dhammatantiṭhapanatthaṃ pavattitadesanattā. Parajjhāsayapucchāvasikānaṃ pana paresaṃ ajjhāsayapucchānaṃ desanāpavattihetubhūtānaṃ uppattiyaṃ pavattitānaṃ kathamaṭṭhuppattiyaṃ anavarodho, pucchāvasikaaṭṭhuppattikānaṃ vā parajjhāsayānurodhena pavattikānaṃ kathaṃ parajjhāsaye anavarodhoti? Na codetabbametaṃ. Paresañhi abhinīhāraparipucchādivinimuttasseva suttadesanākāraṇuppādassa aṭṭhuppattibhāvena gahitattā parajjhāsayapucchāvasikānaṃ visuṃ gahaṇaṃ. Tathā hi <span class="bld">brahmajāla</span> (dī. ni. 1.1) <span class="bld">dhammadāyādasuttā</span>dīnaṃ (ma. ni. 1.29) vaṇṇāvaṇṇaāmisuppādādidesanānimittaṃ ‘‘aṭṭhuppattī’’ti vuccati. Paresaṃ pucchaṃ vinā ajjhāsayaṃ eva nimittaṃ katvā desito parajjhāsayo, pucchāvasena desito pucchāvasikoti pākaṭoyamatthoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Attano</span> <a name="V1.0050"></a> <span class="bld">ajjhāsayeneva kathesi</span> dhammatantiṭhapanatthanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Sammappadhānasuttantahārako</span>ti anupubbena nikkhittānaṃ saṃyuttake sammappadhānapaṭisaṃyuttānaṃ suttānaṃ āvaḷi. Tathā <span class="bld">iddhipādahārakā</span>dayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vimuttiparipācanīyā dhammā</span> saddhindriyādayo. <span class="bld">Ajjhāsaya</span>nti adhimuttiṃ. <span class="bld">Khanti</span>nti diṭṭhinijjhānakkhantiṃ. <span class="bld">Mana</span>nti cittaṃ. <span class="bld">Abhinihāra</span>nti paṇidhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Bujjhanabhāva</span>nti bujjhanasabhāvaṃ, paṭivijjhanākāraṃ vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Uppanne māne nikkhittanti sambandho. Itthiliṅgādīni <span class="bld">tīṇi liṅgāni</span>. Nāmādīni <span class="bld">cattāri padāni</span>. Paṭhamādayo <span class="bld">satta vibhattiyo</span>. <span class="bld">Muñcitvā na kiñci katheti</span> sabhāvaniruttiyā <a name="M1.0056"></a> tatheva pavattanato. Gaṇṭhibhūtaṃ padaṃ. Yathā hi rukkhassa gaṇṭhiṭṭhānaṃ dubbinibbedhaṃ duttacchitañca hoti, evamevaṃ yaṃ padaṃ atthato vivarituṃ na sakkā, taṃ ‘‘gaṇṭhipada’’nti vuccati. <span class="bld">Anupahaccā</span>ti anuddharitvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yena yena sambandhaṃ gacchati, tassa tassa anavasesataṃ dīpetī</span>ti iminā imassa sabba-saddassa sappadesataṃ dasseti. Sabba-saddo hi sabbasabbaṃ padesasabbaṃ āyatanasabbaṃ sakkāyasabbanti catūsu visayesu diṭṭhappayogo. Tathā hesa ‘‘sabbe dhammā sabbākārena buddhassa bhagavato ñāṇamukhe āpāthamāgacchantī’’tiādīsu (mahāni. 156; cūḷani. 85; paṭi. ma. 3.6) sabbasabbasmiṃ āgato. ‘‘Sabbesaṃ vo, sāriputta, subhāsitaṃ pariyāyenā’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.345) padesasabbasmiṃ. ‘‘Sabbaṃ vo, bhikkhave, desessāmi…pe… cakkhuñceva rūpā ca…pe… mano ceva dhammā cā’’ti (saṃ. ni. 4.23) ettha āyatanasabbasmiṃ. ‘‘Sabbaṃ sabbato sañjānātī’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.5) sakkāyasabbasmiṃ. Tattha sabbasabbasmiṃ āgato nippadeso, itaresu tīsupi āgato sappadeso, idha pana sakkāyasabbasmiṃ veditabbo. Tathā hi vakkhati ‘‘sakkāyapariyāpannā pana tebhūmakadhammāva anavasesato veditabbā’’ti (ma. ni. aṭṭha. 1.1 suttanikkhepavaṇṇanā).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saccesū</span>ti ariyasaccesu. <span class="bld">Ete caturo dhammā</span>ti idāni vuccamāne saccādike cattāro dhamme sandhāya vadati. Tattha <span class="bld">sacca</span>nti vacīsaccaṃ. <span class="bld">Ṭhitī</span>ti vīriyaṃ, ‘‘dhitī’’ti vā pāṭho, so evattho. <span class="bld">Cāgo</span>ti alobho. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhaṃ so ativattatī</span>ti yasmiṃ ete saccādayo dhammā upalabbhanti, so diṭṭhaṃ attano amittaṃ atikkamati, na tassa hatthataṃ gacchati, atha kho naṃ <a name="V1.0051"></a> abhibhavati evāti attho. <span class="bld">Sabhāve vattati</span> asabhāvadhammassa kāraṇāsambhavato. Na hi nissabhāvā dhammā kenaci nibbattīyanti. <span class="bld">Attano lakkhaṇaṃ dhārentī</span>ti yadipi lakkhaṇavinimuttā dhammā nāma natthi, tathāpi yathā diṭṭhitaṇhāparikappitākāramattā attasubhasukhasassatādayo, pakatiyādayo, dabbādayo, jīvādayo, kāyādayo lokavohāramattasiddhā gagaṇakusumādayova saccikaṭṭhaparamatthato na upalabbhanti, na evamete, ete pana saccikaṭṭhaparamatthabhūtā upalabbhanti, tato eva sattādivisesavirahato dhammamattā sabhāvavantoti dassanatthaṃ ‘‘attano lakkhaṇaṃ dhārentī’’ti vuttaṃ<a name="M1.0057"></a>. Bhavati hi bhedābhāvepi sukhāvabodhanatthaṃ upacāramattasiddhena bhedena niddeso yathā ‘‘silāputtakassa sarīra’’nti. Dhārīyanti vā yathāsabhāvato avadhārīyanti ñāyantīti <span class="bld">dhammā,</span> kakkhaḷaphusanādayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Asādhāraṇahetumhī</span>ti asādhāraṇakāraṇe, sakkāyadhammesu tassa tassa āveṇikapaccayeti attho. Kiṃ pana tanti? Taṇhāmānadiṭṭhiyo, avijjādayopi vā. Yatheva hi pathavīādīsu maññanāvatthūsu uppajjamānā taṇhādayo maññanā tesaṃ pavattiyā mūlakāraṇaṃ, evaṃ avijjādayopi. Tathā hi ‘‘assutavā puthujjano’’tiādinā ‘‘apariññātaṃ tassāti vadāmī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.2) ‘‘nandī dukkhassa mūla’’nti (ma. ni. 1.13) ca anvayato, ‘‘khayā rāgassa…pe… vītamohattā’’ti byatirekato ca tesaṃ mūlakāraṇabhāvo vibhāvito.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pariyāyeti desetabbamatthaṃ avagameti bodhayatīti <span class="bld">pariyāyo,</span> desanā. Pariyāyati attano phalaṃ pariggahetvā vattati tassa vā kāraṇabhāvaṃ gacchatīti <span class="bld">pariyāyo,</span> kāraṇaṃ. Pariyāyati aparāparaṃ parivattatīti <span class="bld">pariyāyo,</span> vāro. Evaṃ pariyāyasaddassa desanākāraṇavāresu pavatti veditabbā. Yathārutavasena aggahetvā niddhāretvā gahetabbatthaṃ <span class="bld">neyyatthaṃ. Tebhūmakā dhammāva anavasesato veditabbā</span> maññanāvatthubhūtānaṃ sabbesaṃ pathavīādidhammānaṃ adhippetattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāraṇadesana</span>nti kāraṇañāpanaṃ desanaṃ. <span class="bld">Taṃ attha</span>nti taṃ sabbadhammānaṃ mūlakāraṇasaṅkhātaṃ, kāraṇadesanāsaṅkhātaṃ vā atthaṃ. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘taṃ kāraṇaṃ taṃ desana’’nti. Ekatthameta</span>nti etaṃ padadvayaṃ ekatthaṃ. Sādhu-saddo eva hi ka-kārena vaḍḍhetvā ‘‘sādhuka’’nti vutto. Teneva hi sādhusaddassa atthaṃ vadantena atthuddhāravasena sādhukasaddo udāhaṭo. <span class="bld">Dhammarucī</span>ti puññakāmo. <span class="bld">Paññāṇavā</span>ti paññavā. <span class="bld">Addubbho</span>ti adūsako, anupaghātakoti attho. <span class="bld">Idhāpī</span>ti imasmiṃ mūlapariyāyasuttepi. <span class="bld">Aya</span>nti sādhukasaddo. <span class="bld">Ettheva daḷhīkamme</span>ti sakkaccakiriyāyaṃ. <span class="bld">Āṇattiya</span>nti <a name="V1.0052"></a> āṇāpane. ‘‘Suṇātha sādhukaṃ manasi karothā’’ti hi vutte sādhukasaddena savanamanasikārānaṃ sakkaccakiriyā viya tadāṇāpanampi vuttaṃ hoti. Āyācanatthatā viya cassa āṇāpanatthatā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idānettha <a name="M1.0058"></a> evaṃ yojanā veditabbāti sambandho. <span class="bld">Sotindriyavikkhepavāraṇaṃ</span> savane niyojanavasena kiriyantarapaṭisedhanabhāvato, sotaṃ odahathāti attho. <span class="bld">Manindriyavikkhepanivāraṇaṃ</span> aññacintāpaṭisedhanato. <span class="bld">Purima</span>nti ‘‘suṇāthā’’ti padaṃ. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti suṇātha, manasi karothā’’ti padadvaye, etasmiṃ vā adhikāre. <span class="bld">Byañjanavipallāsaggāhavāraṇaṃ</span> sotadvāre vikkhepapaṭibāhakattā. Na hi yāthāvato suṇantassa saddato vipallāsaggāho hoti. <span class="bld">Atthavipallāsaggāhavāraṇaṃ</span> manindriyavikkhepapaṭibāhakattā. Na hi sakkaccaṃ dhammaṃ upadhārentassa atthato vipallāsaggāho hoti. <span class="bld">Dhammassavane niyojeti</span> suṇāthāti vidahanato. <span class="bld">Dhāraṇūpaparikkhāsū</span>ti upaparikkhaggahaṇena tulanatīraṇādike diṭṭhiyā ca suppaṭivedhaṃ saṅgaṇhāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabyañjano</span>ti ettha yathādhippetamatthaṃ byañjayatīti byañjanaṃ, sabhāvanirutti. Saha byañjanenāti sabyañjano, byañjanasampannoti attho. Araṇīyato upagandhabbato anuṭṭhātabbato attho, catupārisuddhisīlādiko. Saha atthenāti <span class="bld">sāttho,</span> atthasampannoti attho. <span class="bld">Dhammagambhīro</span>tiādīsu <span class="bld">dhammo</span> nāma tanti. <span class="bld">Desanā</span> nāma tassā manasā vavatthāpitāya tantiyā desanā. <span class="bld">Attho</span> nāma tantiyā attho. <span class="bld">Paṭivedho</span> nāma tantiyā tantiatthassa ca yathābhūtāvabodho. Yasmā cete dhammadesanāatthapaṭivedhā sasādīhi viya mahāsamuddo mandabuddhīhi dukkhogāḷhā alabbhaneyyapatiṭṭhā ca, tasmā gambhīrā. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yasmā ayaṃ dhammo…pe… sādhukaṃ manasi karothā’’</span>ti. Ettha ca paṭivedhassa dukkarabhāvato dhammatthānaṃ desanāñāṇassa dukkarabhāvato desanāya dukkhogāhatā, paṭivedhassa pana uppādetuṃ asakkuṇeyyattā tabbisayañāṇuppattiyā ca dukkarabhāvato dukkhogāhatā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Desanaṃ</span> nāma uddisanaṃ. Tassa niddisanaṃ bhāsananti idhādhippetanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vitthāratopi naṃ bhāsissāmīti vuttaṃ hotī’’</span>ti. Paribyattaṃ kathanaṃ vā bhāsanaṃ. <span class="bld">Sāḷikāyiva nigghoso</span>ti sāḷikāya ālāpo viya madhuro kaṇṇasukho pemanīyo. <span class="bld">Paṭibhāna</span>nti saddo. <span class="bld">Udīrayī</span>ti uccārīyati, vuccati vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="M1.0059"></a> <span class="bld">vutte ussāhajātā</span>ti evaṃ ‘‘suṇātha sādhukaṃ manasi karotha bhāsissāmī’’ti vutte na <a name="V1.0053"></a> kira satthā saṅkhepeneva desessati, vitthārenapi bhāsissatīti sañjātussāhā haṭṭhatuṭṭhā hutvā. <span class="bld">Idhā</span>ti iminā vuccamānaadhikaraṇaṃ tassa puggalassa uppattiṭṭhānabhūtaṃ adhippetanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘desāpadese nipāto’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Loka</span>nti okāsalokaṃ. <span class="bld">Idha tathāgato loke</span>ti hi jātikhettaṃ, tatthāpi ayaṃ cakkavāḷo adhippeto. <span class="bld">Samaṇo</span>ti sotāpanno. <span class="bld">Dutiyo samaṇo</span>ti sakadāgāmī. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘katamo ca, bhikkhave, samaṇo? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu tiṇṇaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā sotāpanno hotī’’ti (a. ni. 4.241) ‘‘katamo ca, bhikkhave, dutiyo samaṇo? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu tiṇṇaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā rāgadosamohānaṃ tanuttā sakadāgāmī hotī’’ti ca (a. ni. 4.241). <span class="bld">Idheva tiṭṭhamānassā</span>ti imissā eva indasālaguhāyaṃ tiṭṭhamānassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para2"></a><a name="para2_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">2</span>. <span class="bld">Assutavā</span>ti ettha (a. ni. ṭī. 1.1.51) <span class="bld">suta</span>nti sotadvārānusārena upadhāritaṃ, upadhāraṇaṃ vā, sutaṃ assatthīti sutavā. Vā-saddassa hi attho atthitāmattādivasena anekavidho. Tathā hi ‘‘antavā ayaṃ loko parivaṭumo’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 1.54; paṭi. ma. 1.140) atthitāmattaṃ attho. ‘‘Dhanavā bhogavā, lābhī annassā’’ti ca ādīsu bahubhāvo. ‘‘Rogavā hoti rogābhibhūto’’tiādīsu kāyābādho. ‘‘Kuṭṭhī kuṭṭhacīvarenā’’tiādīsu nindā, ‘‘issukī maccharī saṭho māyāvino keṭubhino’’tiādīsu abhiṇhayogo. ‘‘Daṇḍī chattī alambarī’’tiādīsu (visuddhi. 1.142) saṃsaggo. ‘‘Paṇḍito vāpi tena so’’tiādīsu (dha. pa. 63) upamānaṃ, sadisabhāvoti attho. ‘‘Taṃ vāpi dhīrā muniṃ vedayantī’’tiādīsu (su. ni. 213) samuccayo. ‘‘Ke vā ime kassa vā’’tiādīsu (pārā. 296) saṃsayo. ‘‘Ayaṃ vā imesaṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ sabbabālo sabbamūḷho’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 1.181) vibhāvano. ‘‘Na vāyaṃ kumāro mattamaññāsī’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 2.154) padapūraṇaṃ. ‘‘Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.170) vikappo. ‘‘Sakyaputtassa sirīmato <a name="M1.0060"></a> (dī. ni. 3.277), sīlavato sīlasampattiyā kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggacchatī’’ti (dī. ni. 2.150; 3.316; a. ni. 5.213; mahāva. 285) ca ādīsu pasaṃsā. ‘‘Paññavā hoti udayatthagāminiyā paññāya samannāgato ariyāya nibbedhikāya sammā dukkhakkhayagāminiyā’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 3.317, 355) atisayo. Idhāpi atisayo, pasaṃsā vā attho, tasmā yassa pasaṃsitaṃ, atisayena vā sutaṃ atthi, so sutavāti saṃkilesaviddhaṃsanasamatthaṃ pariyattidhammassavanaṃ, taṃ sutvā <a name="V1.0054"></a> tathattāya paṭipatti ca ‘‘sutavā’’ti iminā saddena pakāsitā. Atha vā sotabbayuttaṃ sutvā kattabbanipphattivasena suṇīti sutavā, tappaṭikkhepena na sutavāti assutavā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ayañhi a-kāro ‘‘ahetukā dhammā (dha. sa. 2.dukamātikā), abhikkhuko āvāso’’tiādīsu (pāci. 1046, 1047) taṃsahayoganivattiyaṃ icchito. ‘‘Apaccayā dhammā’’ti (dha. sa. 7.dukamātikā) taṃsambandhībhāvanivattiyaṃ. Paccayuppannañhi paccayasambandhīti appaccayuppannattā ataṃsambandhitā ettha jotitā. ‘‘Anidassanā dhammā’’ti (dha. sa. 9.dukamātikā) taṃsabhāvanivattiyaṃ. Nidassanañhi daṭṭhabbatā. Atha vā passatīti nidassanaṃ, cakkhuviññāṇaṃ, taggahetabbabhāvanivattiyaṃ yathā ‘‘anāsavā dhammā’’ti (dha. sa. 15.dukamātikā), ‘‘appaṭighā dhammā (dha. sa. 10.dukamātikā), anārammaṇā dhammā’’ti (dha. sa. 55.dukamātikā) taṃkiccanivattiyaṃ, ‘‘arūpino dhammā (dha. sa. 11.dukamātikā) acetasikā dhammā’’ti (dha. sa. 57.dukamātikā) tabbhāvanivattiyaṃ. Tadaññathā hi ettha pakāsitā. ‘‘Amanusso’’ti tabbhāvamattanivattiyaṃ. Manussamattaṃ natthi, aññaṃ samānanti. Sadisatā hi ettha sūcitā. ‘‘Assamaṇo samaṇapaṭiñño, anariyo’’ti (a. ni. 3.13) ca taṃsambhāvanīyaguṇanivattiyaṃ. Garahā hi idha ñāyati. ‘‘Kacci bhoto anāmayaṃ, anudarā kaññā’’ti (jā. 2.20.129) tadanappabhāvanivattiyaṃ, ‘‘anuppannā dhammā’’ti (dha. sa. 17.tikamātikā) taṃsadisabhāvanivattiyaṃ. Atītānañhi uppannapubbattā uppādidhammānañca paccayekadesanipphattiyā āraddhuppādibhāvato kālavimuttassa ca vijjamānattā uppannānukūlatā pageva paccuppannānanti tabbidūratāva ettha viññāyati ‘‘asekkhā dhammā’’ti (dha. sa. 11.tikamātikā) tadapariyosānanivattiyaṃ. Tanniṭṭhānañhi ettha pakāsitanti. Evamanekesaṃ atthānaṃ jotako. Idha pana ‘‘arūpino dhammā acetasikā dhammā’’tiādīsu viya tabbhāvanivattiyaṃ <a name="M1.0061"></a> daṭṭhabbo, aññattheti attho. Etenassa sutādiñāṇavirahataṃ dasseti. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘āgamādhigamābhāvā ñeyyo assutavā itī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni tassa atthaṃ vivaranto yasmā khandhadhātvādikosallenapi maññanāpaṭisedhanasamatthaṃ bāhusaccaṃ hoti. Yathāha ‘‘kittāvatā nu kho, bhante, bahussuto hoti? Yato kho bhikkhu khandhakusalo hoti dhātu, āyatana, paṭiccasamuppādakusalo hoti, ettāvatā kho bhikkhu bahussuto hotī’’ti, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘yassa hi khandhadhātuāyatanasaccapaccayākārasatipaṭṭhānādīsū</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha vācuggatakaraṇaṃ <span class="bld">uggaho</span>. Atthaparipucchanaṃ <span class="bld">paripucchā</span>. Kusalehi saha codanāpariharaṇavasena vinicchayakaraṇaṃ <span class="bld">vinicchayo</span>. Maggaphalanibbānāni <span class="bld">adhigamo</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bahūnaṃ <a name="V1.0055"></a> (dha. sa. mūlaṭī. 1007) nānappakārānaṃ kilesasakkāyadiṭṭhīnaṃ avihatattā tā janenti, tāhi vā janitāti puthujjanā. Avighātameva vā jana-saddo vadati. <span class="bld">Puthu satthārānaṃ mukhamullokikā</span>ti ettha puthu janā satthupaṭiññā etesanti <span class="bld">puthujjanā</span>ti vacanattho. <span class="bld">Puthu sabbagatīhi avuṭṭhitā</span>ti ettha janetabbā, jāyanti vā ettha sattāti janā, nānāgatiyo, tā puthū etesanti <span class="bld">puthujjanā</span>. Ito pare jāyanti etehīti janā, abhisaṅkhārādayo, te etesaṃ puthū vijjantīti <span class="bld">puthujjanā</span>. Abhisaṅkharaṇādiattho eva vā jana-saddo daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Oghā</span> kāmoghādayo. Rāgaggiādayo <span class="bld">santāpā</span>. Te eva, sabbepi vā kilesā <span class="bld">pariḷāhā</span>. <span class="bld">Puthu pañcasu kāmaguṇesu rattā</span>ti ettha jāyatīti jano, rāgo gedhoti evamādiko, puthu jano etesanti <span class="bld">puthujjanā</span>. Puthūsu vā janā jātā rattāti evaṃ rāgādiattho eva vā janasaddo daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Rattā</span>ti vatthaṃ viya raṅgajātena cittassa vipariṇāmakarena chandarāgena rattā sārattā. <span class="bld">Giddhā</span>ti abhikaṅkhanasabhāvena abhijjhānena giddhā gedhaṃ āpannā. <span class="bld">Gadhitā</span>ti ganthitā viya dummocanīyabhāvena tattha paṭibaddhā. <span class="bld">Mucchitā</span>ti kilesavasena visaññībhūtā viya anaññakiccā mucchaṃ mohamāpannā. <span class="bld">Ajjhosannā</span>ti anaññasādhāraṇe viya katvā gilitvā pariniṭṭhapetvā ṭhitā. <span class="bld">Laggā</span>ti vaṅkadaṇḍake viya āsattā mahāpalipe vā yāva nāsikaggā palipannapuriso viya uddharituṃ asakkuṇeyyabhāvena nimuggā<a name="M1.0062"></a>, <span class="bld">lagitā</span>ti makkaṭālepe ālaggabhāvena paccuḍḍito viya makkaṭo pañcannaṃ indriyānaṃ vasena ālaggitā. <span class="bld">Palibuddhā</span>ti baddhā, upaddutā vā. <span class="bld">Āvuṭā</span>ti āvunitā, <span class="bld">nivutā</span>ti nivāritā. <span class="bld">Ovutā</span>ti paliguṇṭhitā, pariyonaddhā vā. <span class="bld">Pihitā</span>ti pidahitā, <span class="bld">paṭicchannā</span>ti paṭicchāditā. <span class="bld">Paṭikujjitā</span>ti heṭṭhāmukhajātā. <span class="bld">Puthūnaṃ vā gaṇanapathamatītāna</span>ntiādinā puthu jano puthujjanoti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Assutavā’’ti etena avijjandhatā vuttāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘andhaputhujjano vutto hotī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ārakattā</span> (saṃ. ni. ṭī. 2.3.1) <span class="bld">kilesehi</span> maggena samucchinnattā. <span class="bld">Anaye</span>ti avaḍḍhiyaṃ, anattheti attho. <span class="bld">Anaye</span> vā anupāye. <span class="bld">Nairiyanato</span> avattanato. <span class="bld">Aye</span>ti vaḍḍhiyaṃ, atthe, upāye vā. <span class="bld">Araṇīyato</span>ti payirupāsitabbato. Niruttinayena padasiddhi veditabbā purimesu atthavikappesu. Pacchime pana saddasatthavasenapi. Yadipi ariya-saddo ‘‘ye hi vo ariyā parisuddhakāyakammantā’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.35) visuddhāsayapayogesu puthujjanesupi vattati. Idha pana ariyamaggādhigamena sabbalokuttarabhāvena ca ariyabhāvo adhippetoti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘buddhā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">‘‘paccekabuddhā tathāgatasāvakā ca sappurisā’’</span>ti idaṃ ariyā sappurisāti idha vuttapadānaṃ atthaṃ asaṅkarato dassetuṃ vuttaṃ. Yasmā pana nippariyāyato ariyasappurisabhāvā abhinnasabhāvā. Tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘sabbeva vā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ettāvatā</span> <a name="V1.0056"></a> <span class="bld">hi buddhasāvako vutto</span>. Tassa hi ekantena kalyāṇamitto icchitabbo paratoghosamantarena paṭhamamaggassa anuppajjanato. Visesato cassa bhagavāva <span class="bld">kalyāṇamitto</span> adhippeto. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘mamañhi, ānanda, kalyāṇamittaṃ āgamma jātidhammā sattā jātiyā parimuccantī’’tiādi (saṃ. ni. 5.2). So eva ca aveccapasādādhigamena <span class="bld">daḷhabhatti</span> nāma. Vuttampi cetaṃ ‘‘yaṃ mayā sāvakānaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ paññattaṃ, taṃ mama sāvakā jīvitahetupi nātikkamantī’’ti (udā. 45). <span class="bld">Kataññutādīhi paccekabuddhā buddhā</span>ti ettha kataṃ jānātīti <span class="bld">kataññū</span>. Kataṃ viditaṃ pākaṭaṃ karotīti <span class="bld">katavedī</span>. Anekesupi hi kappasatasahassesu kataṃ upakāraṃ jānanti paccekabuddhā pākaṭañca karonti satijananaāmisapaṭiggahaṇādinā<a name="M1.0063"></a>, tathā saṃsāradukkhadukkhitassa sakkaccaṃ karonti kiccaṃ, yaṃ attanā kātuṃ sakkā. Sammāsambuddho pana kappānaṃ asaṅkhyeyyasahassesupi kataṃ upakāraṃ maggaphalānaṃ upanissayañca jānāti, pākaṭañca karoti, sīho viya ca evaṃ sabbattha sakkaccameva dhammadesanaṃ karonto buddhakiccaṃ karoti. Yāya paṭipattiyā diṭṭhā nāma honti, tassā appaṭipajjanabhāvo, tattha ca ādarābhāvo ariyānaṃ adassanasīlatā ca, na ca dassane sādhukāritā ca veditabbā. <span class="bld">Cakkhunā adassāvī</span>ti etta <span class="bld">cakkhu</span> nāma na maṃsacakkhu eva, atha kho dibbacakkhupīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘dibbacakkhunā vā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ariyabhāvo</span>ti yehi yogato ‘‘ariyā’’ti vuccanti. Te maggaphaladhammā daṭṭhabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tatrā</span>ti ñāṇadassanasseva dassanabhāve. <span class="bld">Vatthū</span>ti adhippetatthañāpanakāraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Evaṃ vuttepī</span>ti evaṃ aññāpadesena attūpanāyikaṃ katvā vuttepi. <span class="bld">Dhamma</span>nti lokuttaradhammaṃ, catusaccadhammaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Ariyakaradhammā</span> aniccānupassanādayo vipassiyamānā aniccādayo, cattāri vā ariyasaccāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Avinīto</span>ti na vinīto, adhisīlasikkhādivasena na sikkhito. Yesaṃ saṃvaravinayādīnaṃ abhāvena ayaṃ avinītoti vuccati, te tāva dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘duvidho vinayo nāmā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">sīlasaṃvaro</span>ti pātimokkhasaṃvaro veditabbo, so ca atthato kāyikavācasiko avītikkamo. <span class="bld">Satisaṃvaro</span>ti indriyarakkhā, sā ca tathāpavattā sati eva. <span class="bld">Ñāṇasaṃvaro</span>ti ‘‘sotānaṃ saṃvaraṃ brūmī’’ti (su. ni. 1040) vatvā ‘‘paññāyete pidhīyare’’ti vacanato sotasaṅkhātānaṃ taṇhādiṭṭhiduccaritaavijjāavasiṭṭhakilesānaṃ saṃvaro pidahanaṃ samucchedañāṇanti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Khantisaṃvaro</span>ti adhivāsanā, sā ca tathāpavattā khandhā, adoso vā. Paññāti eke, taṃ aṭṭhakathāya virujjhati. <span class="bld">Vīriyasaṃvaro</span> kāmavitakkādīnaṃ vinodanavasena <a name="V1.0057"></a> pavattaṃ vīriyameva. Tena tena guṇaṅgena tassa tassa aguṇaṅgassa pahānaṃ <span class="bld">tadaṅgapahānaṃ</span>. Vikkhambhanena pahānaṃ <span class="bld">vikkhambhanapahānaṃ</span>. Sesapadatthayepi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Iminā pātimokkhasaṃvarenā</span>tiādi sīlasaṃvarādīnaṃ vivaraṇaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">samupeto</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">iti</span>-saddo ādisattho. Tena ‘‘sahagato samupagato’’tiādinā <a name="M1.0064"></a> <span class="bld">vibhaṅge</span> (vibha. 511) āgataṃ saṃvaravibhaṅgaṃ dasseti. Esa nayo sesesupi. Yaṃ panettha vattabbaṃ, taṃ anantarasutte āvi bhavissati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāyaduccaritādīna</span>nti dussīlyasaṅkhātānaṃ kāyavacīduccaritādīnaṃ muṭṭhassaccasaṅkhātassa pamādassa abhijjhādīnaṃ vā akkhantiaññāṇakosajjānañca. <span class="bld">Saṃvaraṇato</span>ti pidahanato thakanato. <span class="bld">Vinayanato</span>ti kāyavācācittānaṃ virūpappavattiyā vinayanato apanayanato, kāyaduccaritādīnaṃ vā <span class="bld">vinayanato,</span> kāyādīnaṃ vā jimhappavattiṃ vicchinditvā ujukaṃ nayanatoti attho. Paccayasamavāye uppajjanārahānaṃ kāyaduccaritādīnaṃ tathā tathā anuppādanameva <span class="bld">saṃvaraṇaṃ vinayanañca</span> veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yaṃ pahānanti sambandho. <span class="bld">‘‘Nāmarūpaparicchedādīsu vipassanāñāṇesū’’</span>ti kasmā vuttaṃ, nanu nāmarūpaparicchedapaccayapariggahakaṅkhāvitaraṇāni na vipassanāñāṇāni sammasanākārena appavattanato? Saccametaṃ. Vipassanāñāṇassa pana adhiṭṭhānabhāvato evaṃ vuttaṃ. ‘‘Nāmarūpamattamidaṃ, natthi ettha attā vā attaniyaṃ vā’’ti evaṃ pavattañāṇaṃ <span class="bld">nāmarūpavavatthānaṃ</span>. Sati vijjamāne khandhapañcakasaṅkhāte kāye, sayaṃ vā satī tasmiṃ kāye diṭṭhīti <span class="bld">sakkāyadiṭṭhi</span>. ‘‘Rūpaṃ attato samanupassatī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 3.81; 4.345) evaṃ pavattā micchādiṭṭhi. Tasseva rūpārūpassa kammāvijjādipaccayapariggaṇhanañāṇaṃ <span class="bld">paccayapariggaho</span>. ‘‘Natthi hetu natthi paccayo sattānaṃ saṃkilesāyā’’ti (dī. ni. 1.168) ādinayappavattā <span class="bld">ahetukadiṭṭhi</span>. ‘‘Issarapurisapajāpatipakatiaṇukālādīhi loko pavattati nivattati cā’’ti pavattā <span class="bld">visamahetudiṭṭhi</span>. <span class="bld">Tassevā</span>ti paccayapariggahasseva. <span class="bld">Kaṅkhāvitaraṇenā</span>ti yathā etarahi nāmarūpassa kammādipaccayato uppatti, evaṃ atītānāgatesupīti tīsupi kālesu vicikicchāpanayanañāṇena. <span class="bld">Kathaṃkathībhāvassā</span>ti ‘‘ahosiṃ nu kho ahamatītamaddhāna’’nti (ma. ni. 1.18; saṃ. ni. 2.20) ādinayappavattāya saṃsayappavattiyā. <span class="bld">Kalāpasammasanenā</span>ti ‘‘yaṃ kiñci rūpaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppanna’’ntiādinā (ma. ni. 1.361; 2.113; 3.86, 89) khandhapañcakaṃ ekādasasu okāsesu pakkhipitvā sammasanavasena pavattena nayavipassanāñāṇena<a name="V1.0058"></a>. <span class="bld">Ahaṃ mamāti gāhassā</span>ti attattaniyagahaṇassa. <span class="bld">Maggāmaggavavatthānenā</span>ti maggāmaggañāṇavisuddhiyā. <span class="bld">Amagge maggasaññāyā</span>ti obhāsādike amagge ‘‘maggo’’ti uppannasaññāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā <a name="M1.0065"></a> sammadeva saṅkhārānaṃ udayaṃ passanto ‘‘evameva saṅkhārā anurūpakāraṇato uppajjanti, na pana ucchijjantī’’ti gaṇhāti, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘udayadassanena ucchedadiṭṭhiyā’’</span>ti. Yasmā pana saṅkhārānaṃ vayaṃ passanto ‘‘yadipime saṅkhārā avicchinnā vattanti, uppannuppannā pana appaṭisandhikā nirujjhante vā’’ti passati, tassevaṃ passato kuto sassataggāho, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vayadassanena sassatadiṭṭhiyā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Bhayadassanenā</span>ti bhayatupaṭṭhānañāṇena. <span class="bld">Sabhaye</span>ti sabbabhayānaṃ ākarabhāvato sakaladukkhavūpasamasaṅkhātassa paramassāsassa paṭipakkhabhāvato ca sabhaye khandhapañcake. <span class="bld">Abhayasaññāyā</span>ti ‘‘abhayaṃ khema’’nti uppannasaññāya. <span class="bld">Assādasaññā</span> nāma pañcupādānakkhandhesu assādavasena pavattasaññā, yā ‘‘ālayābhiniveso’’tipi vuccati. <span class="bld">Abhiratisaññā</span> tattheva abhirativasena pavattasaññā, yā ‘‘nandī’’tipi vuccati. <span class="bld">Amuccitukamyatā</span> ādānaṃ. <span class="bld">Anupekkhā</span> saṅkhārehi anibbindanaṃ, sālayatāti attho. <span class="bld">Dhammaṭṭhitiyaṃ</span> paṭiccasamuppāde <span class="bld">paṭilomabhāvo</span> sassatucchedaggāho, paccayākārapaṭicchādakamoho vā, <span class="bld">nibbāne paṭilomabhāvo</span> saṅkhāresu rati, nibbānapaṭicchādakamoho vā. <span class="bld">Saṅkhāranimittaggāho</span>ti yādisassa kilesassa appahīnattā vipassanā saṅkhāranimittaṃ na muñcati, so kileso, yo ‘‘saṃyogābhiniveso’’tipi vuccati. Saṅkhāranimittaggahaṇassa atikkamanameva vā <span class="bld">pahānaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pavatti <span class="bld">eva pavattibhāvo,</span> pariyuṭṭhānanti attho. <span class="bld">Nīvaraṇādidhammāna</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena nīvaraṇapakkhiyā kilesā vitakkavicārādayo ca gayhanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Catunnaṃ ariyamaggānaṃ bhāvitattā accantaṃ appavattibhāvena yaṃ pahānanti sambandho. Kena pahānanti? Ariyamaggehevāti viññāyamānoyamattho tesaṃ bhāvitattā appavattivacanato. <span class="bld">Samudayapakkhikassā</span>ti ettha cattāropi maggā catusaccābhisamayāti katvā tehi pahātabbena tena tena samudayena saha pahātabbattā samudayasabhāgattā, saccavibhaṅge ca sabbakilesānaṃ samudayabhāvassa vuttattā ‘‘samudayapakkhikā’’ti diṭṭhiādayo vuccanti. <span class="bld">Paṭippassaddhattaṃ</span> vupasantatā. <span class="bld">Saṅkhatanissaṭatā</span> saṅkhārasabhāvābhāvo. <span class="bld">Pahīnasabbasaṅkhata</span>nti virahitasabbasaṅkhataṃ, visaṅkhāranti <a name="V1.0059"></a> attho. Pahānañca taṃ vinayo cāti <span class="bld">pahānavinayo</span> purimena atthena, dutiyena pana pahīyatīti pahānaṃ, tassa vinayoti yojetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bhinnasaṃvarattāti <a name="M1.0066"></a> naṭṭhasaṃvarattā, saṃvarābhāvatoti attho. Tena asamādinnasaṃvaropi saṅgahito hoti. Samādānena hi sampādetabbo saṃvaro tadabhāve na hotīti. Evañhi loke vattāro honti ‘‘mahā vata no bhogo, so naṭṭho tathā akatattā’’ti. <span class="bld">Ariye</span>ti ariyo. Paccattavacanañhetaṃ. <span class="bld">Esese</span>ti eso so eva, atthato anaññoti attho. <span class="bld">Tajjāte</span>ti atthato taṃsabhāvo, sappuriso ariyasabhāvo, ariyo ca sappurisasabhāvoti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Taṃ attha</span>nti ‘‘sabbadhammamūlapariyāya’’nti evaṃ vuttamatthaṃ. Kasmā panettha puggalādhiṭṭhānā desanā katāti? Yadettha vattabbaṃ, taṃ ‘‘yasmā puthujjano apariññātavatthuko’’tiādinā (ma. ni. aṭṭha. 1.2) sayameva vakkhati. Dhammo adhiṭṭhānaṃ etissāti <span class="bld">dhammādhiṭṭhānā,</span> sabhāvadhamme nissāya pavattitadesanā. Dhammavaseneva pavattā paṭhamā, puggalavasena uṭṭhahitvā puggalavaseneva gatā tatiyā, itarā dhammapuggalānaṃ vomissakavasena. Kasmā pana bhagavā evaṃ vibhāgena dhammaṃ desetīti? Veneyyajjhāsayena desanāvilāsena ca. Ye hi veneyyā dhammādhiṭṭhānāya dhammadesanāya sukhena atthaṃ paṭivijjhanti, tesaṃ tathā dhammaṃ deseti. Esa nayo sabbattha. Yassā ca dhammadhātuyā suppaṭividdhattā desanāvilāsappatto hoti, sāyaṃ suppaṭividdhā, tasmā desanāvilāsappatto dhammissaro dhammarājā yathā yathā icchati, tathā tathā dhammaṃ desetīti evaṃ iminā veneyyajjhāsayena desanāvilāsena ca evaṃ vibhāgena dhammaṃ desetīti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Chadhāturo</span>ti pathavidhātu āpo-tejo-vāyo-ākāsadhātu viññāṇadhātūti imesaṃ channaṃ dhātūnaṃ vasena chadhāturo. ‘‘Cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā somanassaṭṭhāniyaṃ rūpaṃ upavicaratī’’tiādinā (dī. ni. 3.324) vuttānaṃ channaṃ somanassūpavicārānaṃ, channaṃ domanassaupekkhūpavicārānañca vasena <span class="bld">aṭṭhārasamanopavicāro</span>. Saccādhiṭṭhānādivasena <span class="bld">caturādhiṭṭhāno</span>. Paññācakkhunā diṭṭhadhammikassa samparāyikassa ca atthassa adassanato <span class="bld">andho,</span> diṭṭhadhammikasseva dassanato <span class="bld">ekacakkhu,</span> dvinnampi dassanato <span class="bld">dvicakkhu,</span> veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Svāyaṃ <a name="M1.0067"></a> niddisīti sambandho. <span class="bld">Svāya</span>nti ca so ayaṃ, yathāvuttadesanāvibhāgakusalo bhagavāti attho. <span class="bld">Apariññātavatthuko</span>ti tīhi pariññāhi apariññātakkhandho. Khandhā hi pariññātavatthu. <span class="bld">Apariññāmūlikā</span>ti parijānanābhāvanimittā tasmiṃ sati bhāvato. Pariññānañhi <a name="V1.0060"></a> avijjādayo kilesā paṭipakkhā tammūlikā ca sabbamaññanāti. <span class="bld">Ariyānaṃ adassāvī</span>ti ettha iti-saddo ādiattho. Tena ‘‘ariyadhammassa akovido’’tiādikaṃ puthujanassa visesanabhāvena pavattaṃ pāḷisesaṃ gaṇhāti puthujjananiddesabhāvato. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ puthujjanaṃ niddisī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="centered">Suttanikkhepavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Pathavīvāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti puthujjanassa. Vasati ettha ārammaṇakaraṇavasenāti ārammaṇampi <span class="bld">vatthū</span>ti vuccati pavattiṭṭhānabhāvatoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pathavīādīsu vatthūsū’’</span>ti. Sakkāyadhammānampi ārammaṇādinā satipi maññanāhetubhāve maññanāhetukatteneva tesaṃ nibbattitoti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sabbasakkāyadhammajanitaṃ maññana’’</span>nti. Ettha ca pathavīdhātu sesadhātūnaṃ sasambhārāsambhārabhāvā satipi pamāṇato samabhāve sāmatthiyato adhikānadhikabhāvena veditabbā. Sambhārantīti <span class="bld">sambhārā,</span> parivārā. Taṃtaṃkalāpehi lakkhaṇapathaviyā sesadhammā yathārahaṃ paccayabhāvena parivārabhāvena ca pavattanti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sā hi vaṇṇādīhi sambhārehi saddhiṃ pathavīti sasambhārapathavī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Pathavito</span>ti ettha puthulaṭṭhena puthuvī, puthuvī eva pathavī. Sā hi satipi paricchinnavuttiyaṃ sabbesaṃ sakalāpabhāvānaṃ ādhārabhāvena pavattamānā puthulā patthaṭā vitthiṇṇāti vattabbataṃ arahati, na pana taṃ anupavisitvā pavattamānā āpādayo. Sasambhārapathaviyā pana puthulabhāve vattabbameva natthi. Ārammaṇapathaviyaṃ vaḍḍhanapharaṇaṭṭhehi puthulaṭṭho, itarasmiṃ ruḷhiyāva daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Ārammaṇapathavī</span>ti jhānassa ārammaṇabhūtaṃ pathavīsaṅkhātaṃ paṭibhāganimittaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘nimittapathavītipi vuccatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Āgamanavasenā</span>ti pathavīkasiṇabhāvanāgamanavasena. Tathā hi vuttaṃ ‘‘āpo ca devā pathavī, tejo vāyo tadāgamu’’nti (dī. ni. 2.340).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbāpī</span>ti catubbidhā pathavīpi. Anussavādimattaladdhā maññanā vatthu hotiyeva. Tathā hi ‘‘kakkhaḷaṃ kharigata’’ntiādinā (vibha. 173) lakkhaṇapathavīpi uddharīyati. Yaṃ <a name="M1.0068"></a> paneke vadanti ‘‘lakkhaṇe diṭṭhe maññanā natthi, sañjānātīti vuttasaññā ca diṭṭhiggāhassa mūlabhūtā piṇḍaggāhitā, sā lakkhaṇe nakkhamati, tasmā lakkhaṇapathavī na gahetabbā’’ti, tadayuttaṃ lakkhaṇapaṭivedhassa idha anadhippetattā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘lokavohāraṃ gahetvā’’</span>ti. Na ca sabbasaññā piṇḍaggāhikā<a name="V1.0061"></a>, nāpi diṭṭhiggāhasseva mūlabhūtā, tasmā lakkhaṇapathaviyāpi kāyadvārānusārena aññathā ca upaṭṭhitāya maññanā pavattateva. Teneva ca ‘‘anussavādimattaladdhā’’ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Pathavito</span>ti paccate nissakkavacananti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘pathavīti sañjānātī’’</span>ti āha. Yasmā catubbidhampi pathaviṃ ‘‘pathavī’ti sañjānanto tena tena nayena pathavīkoṭṭhāseneva sañjānātīti vuccati, na āpādikoṭṭhāsena, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pathavibhāgena sañjānātī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Lokavohāraṃ gahetvā</span>ti lokasamaññaṃ avijahitvā. Etena lakkhaṇapathaviyampi vohāramukhenevassā pavattīti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadi lokavohārena tattha pavatti, ko ettha doso, nanu ariyāpi ‘‘ayañhi bhante mahāpathavī’’tiādinā lokavohārena pavattantīti? Na ettha vohāramatte avaṭṭhānaṃ adhippetaṃ, atha kho vohāramukhena micchābhinivesoti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘saññāvipallāsena sañjānātī’’</span>ti āha. Tassattho – ayonisomanasikārasambhūtāya ‘‘subha’’ntiādinayappavattāya viparītasaññāya sañjānātīti. Etena dubbalā taṇhāmānadiṭṭhimaññanā dassitāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Yadi evaṃ kasmā saññā gahitāti? Pākaṭabhāvato. Yathā nāma aggimhi mathiyamāne yadā dhūmo upalabbhati, kiñcāpi tadā vijjateva pāvako avinābhāvato, pākaṭabhāvato pana dhūmo jātoti vuccati, na aggi jātoti, evaṃsampadamidaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Yadipi tattha maññanākiccaṃ atthi, na pana vibhūtaṃ apākaṭabhāvato saññākiccameva vibhūtaṃ, taṃ pana maññanānukūlaṃ maññanāsahitaṃ cāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘saññāvipallāsena sañjānātī’’</span>ti. Evaṃ pathavībhāgaṃ amuñcantoyeva vā sañjānātīti sambandho. Yo hi vuttappabhedāya pathaviyā pathavibhāgaṃ amuñcantoyeva avijahantoyeva sīsapiṇḍe suvaṇṇasaññī viya anattādisabhāvaṃyeva taṃ attādivasena sañjānāti, tassa vasena vuttaṃ ‘‘pathavī’’tiādi. <span class="bld">Na vattabbaṃ</span> puthujjanaggāhassa yuttimaggananivāraṇatoti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘ummattako viya…pe… gaṇhātī’’</span>ti<a name="M1.0069"></a>. <span class="bld">Ariyānaṃ adassāvitādibheda</span>nti ariyānaṃ adassāvitādivisesaṃ vadantena bhagavatāva ettha yathāvuttasañjānane kāraṇaṃ vuttanti yojanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Eva</span>nti ‘‘pathavibhāgena sañjānātī’’tiādinā vuttappakārena. <span class="bld">Sañjānitvā</span>ti pubbakālakiriyāniddesoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘aparabhāge…pe… gaṇhātī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Papañcasaṅkhā</span>ti papañcakoṭṭhāsā. Papañcanti sattā saṃsāre cirāyanti etehīti <span class="bld">papañcā,</span> maññanti ‘‘etaṃ mamā’’tiādinā parikappenti etāhīti <span class="bld">maññanā</span>ti dvīhipi pariyāyehi taṇhādayova vuttāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘taṇhāmānadiṭṭhipapañcehi idha maññanānāmena vuttehī’’</span>ti. Ajaññassa jaññato, aseyyādikassa <a name="V1.0062"></a> seyyādito gahaṇato diṭṭhimaññanā viya taṇhāmānamaññanāpi aññathā gāho evāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘aññathā gaṇhātī’’</span>ti. Ārammaṇābhiniropanādinā bhinnasabhāvānampi vitakkādīnaṃ sādhāraṇo upanijjhāyanasabhāvo viya anugijjhanuṇṇatiparāmasanasabhāvānampi taṇhādīnaṃ sādhāraṇena ārammaṇaparikappanākārena pavatti <span class="bld">maññanā</span>ti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tīhi maññanāhi maññatī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti puthujjanassa, udayabbayānupassanādīsu viya sukhumanayenapi maññanāpavatti atthīti vibhāvanasukhatāya thūlaṃyeva taṃ dassetukāmo <span class="bld">‘‘oḷārikanayenā’’</span>tiāha. Oḷārike hi vibhāge dassite sukhumavibhāvanā sukarāti dassetuṃ ayamatthayojanā vuccatīti sambandho. <span class="bld">Ajjhattikā</span>ti indriyabaddhā sattasantānapariyāpannā niyakajjhattā <span class="bld">vuttā</span> vibhaṅge paṭisambhidāmagge ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vibhaṅge</span>ti dhātuvibhaṅge (vibha. 173). <span class="bld">Bāhirā</span>ti anindriyabaddhā saṅkhārasantānapariyāpannā. <span class="bld">Kakkhaḷa</span>nti thaddhaṃ. <span class="bld">Kharigata</span>nti pharusaṃ. Kakkhaḷabhāvo <span class="bld">kakkhaḷattaṃ</span>. <span class="bld">Kakkhaḷabhāvo</span>ti kakkhaḷasabhāvo. <span class="bld">Bahiddhā</span>ti indriyabaddhato bahiddhābhūtaṃ. <span class="bld">Anupādinna</span>nti na upādinnaṃ. <span class="bld">Ayo</span>ti kāḷalohaṃ. <span class="bld">Loha</span>nti jātilohaṃ vijātilohaṃ kittimalohaṃ pisācalohanti catubbidhaṃ. Tattha ayo sajjhu suvaṇṇaṃ tipu sīsaṃ tambalohaṃ vekantakalohanti imāni satta <span class="bld">jātilohāni</span> nāma. Nāganāsikālohaṃ <span class="bld">vijātilohaṃ</span> nāma. Kaṃsalohaṃ vaṭṭalohaṃ ārakuṭanti tīṇi <span class="bld">kittimalohāni</span> nāma. Morakkhakaṃ puthukaṃ malinakaṃ capalakaṃ salakaṃ āṭalaṃ bhattakaṃ <a name="M1.0070"></a> dusilohanti aṭṭha <span class="bld">pisācalohāni</span> nāma. Tesu <span class="bld">vekantakalohaṃ</span> nāma sabbalohacchedanasamatthā ekā lohajāti. Tathā hi taṃ vikantati chindatīti vikantakanti vuccati. Vikantakameva vekantakaṃ. <span class="bld">Nāganāsikālohaṃ</span> lohasadisaṃ lohavijāti haliddādivijāti viya. Tathā hi taṃ lohākāraṃ lohamalaṃ viya ghanasaṃhataṃ hutvā tiṭṭhati, tāpetvā tāḷitaṃ pana bhinnaṃ bhinnaṃ hutvā visarati mudu maṭṭhaṃ kammaniyaṃ vā na hoti. Tiputambe missetvā kataṃ <span class="bld">kaṃsalohaṃ</span>. Sīsatambe missetvā kataṃ <span class="bld">vaṭṭalohaṃ</span>. Jasatambe missetvā kataṃ <span class="bld">ārakuṭaṃ</span>. Teneva taṃ karaṇena nibbattattā <span class="bld">kittimaloha</span>nti vuccati. Yaṃ pana kevalaṃ rasakadhātu viniggataṃ, taṃ ‘‘pittala’’ntipi vadanti. Taṃ idha nādhippetaṃ, yathāvuttaṃ missakameva katvā yojitaṃ <span class="bld">kittima</span>nti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Morakkhakā</span>dīni evaṃnāmānevetāni. Tesu yasmā pañca jātilohāni pāḷiyaṃ visuṃ vuttāneva, tasmā vekantakalohena saddhiṃ vuttāvasesaṃ sabbaṃ idha lohanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tipū</span>ti setatipu. <span class="bld">Sīsa</span>nti kāḷatipu. <span class="bld">Sajjha</span>nti rajataṃ. <span class="bld">Muttā</span>ti hatthikumbhajādikā aṭṭhavidhāpi muttā. Tathā hi hatthikumbhaṃ varāhadāṭhā bhūjaṅgasīsaṃ valāhakūṭaṃ veḷū macchasīro saṅkho <a name="V1.0063"></a> sippīti aṭṭha muttāyoniyo. Tattha <span class="bld">hatthikumbhajā</span> pītavaṇṇā pabhāhīnā. <span class="bld">Varāhadāṭhā</span> varāhadāṭhavaṇṇāva. <span class="bld">Bhujaṅgasīsajā</span> nīlādivaṇṇā suvisuddhā vaṭṭalā ca. <span class="bld">Valāhakajā</span> bhāsurā dubbibhāgarūpā rattibhāge andhakāraṃ vidhamantiyo tiṭṭhanti, devūpabhogā eva ca honti. <span class="bld">Veḷujā</span> karakupalasamānavaṇṇā na bhāsurā, te ca veḷū amanussagocare eva padese jāyanti. <span class="bld">Macchasīrajā</span> pāṭhīnapiṭṭhisamānavaṇṇā vaṭṭalā laghavo ca honti pabhāvihīnā, te ca macchā samuddamajjhe eva jāyanti. <span class="bld">Saṅkhajā</span> saṅkhodaracchavivaṇṇā kolappamāṇāpi honti pabhāvihīnāva. <span class="bld">Sippijā</span> pabhāvisesayuttā honti nānāsaṇṭhānā. Evaṃ jātito aṭṭhavidhāsupi muttāsu yā macchasaṅkhasippijā, tā sāmuddikā honti, bhujaṅgajāpi kāci sāmuddikā honti, itarā asāmuddikā. Yasmā bahulaṃ sāmuddikāva muttā loke dissanti, tatthāpi sippijāva, itarā kādācikā. Tasmā <span class="bld">sammohavinodaniyaṃ</span> (vibha. aṭṭha. 173) ‘‘muttāti sāmuddikā muttā’’ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Maṇī</span>ti <a name="M1.0071"></a> ṭhapetvā pāḷiāgate veḷuriyādike seso jotirasādibhedo sabbopi maṇi. <span class="bld">Veḷuriya</span>nti vaṃsavaṇṇamaṇi. <span class="bld">Saṅkho</span>ti sāmuddikasaṅkho. <span class="bld">Silā</span>ti kāḷasilā paṇḍusilā setasilādibhedā aṭṭhapi silā. <span class="bld">Rajata</span>nti kahāpaṇādikaṃ vuttāvasesaṃ rajatasammataṃ. <span class="bld">Jātarūpa</span>nti suvaṇṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Lohitaṅgo</span>ti rattamaṇi. <span class="bld">Masāragalla</span>nti kabaramaṇi <span class="bld">tiṇā</span>dīsu bahibhārā tālanāḷikerādayopi <span class="bld">tiṇaṃ</span> nāma. Antosāraṃ khadirādi antamaso dārukhaṇḍampi <span class="bld">kaṭṭhaṃ</span> nāma. Muggamattato yāva muṭṭhippamāṇā marumbā <span class="bld">sakkharā</span> nāma. Muggamattato paṭṭhāya heṭṭhā vālikā nāma. <span class="bld">Kaṭhala</span>nti kapālakhaṇḍaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhūmī</span>ti sasambhārapathavī. <span class="bld">Pāsāṇo</span>ti antomuṭṭhiyaṃ asaṇṭhahanato paṭṭhāya yāva hatthippamāṇaṃ pāsāṇaṃ, hatthippamāṇato pana paṭṭhāya upari <span class="bld">pabbato</span>ti. Ayaṃ ayoādīsu vibhāganiddeso. <span class="bld">Nimittapathavī</span>ti paṭibhāganimittabhūtaṃ pathavikasiṇaṃ. Tampi hi ‘‘rūpāvacaratikacatukkajjhānaṃ kusalato ca vipākato ca kiriyato ca catutthassa jhānassa vipāko ime dhammā bahiddhārammaṇā’’ti vacanato ‘‘bāhirā pathavī’’ti vuccati. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yā ca ajjhattārammaṇattike nimittapathavī, taṃ gahetvā’’</span>ti. Uggahanimittañcettha taṃgatikameva daṭṭhabbaṃ, nimittuppattito pana pubbe bhūmiggahaṇeneva gahitanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tīhi maññanāhī</span>ti vuttaṃ maññanāttayaṃ saparasantānesu saṅkhepato yojetvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ahaṃ pathavī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">ahaṃ pathavī</span>tiādīnā ajjhattavisayaṃ diṭṭhimaññanaṃ mānamaññanañca dasseti attābhinivesāhaṃkāradīpanato. <span class="bld">Mama pathavī</span>ti iminā taṇhāmaññanaṃ mānamaññanampi vā pariggahabhūtāyapi pathaviyā seyyādito mānajappanato. Sesapadadvayepi iminānayena maññanāvibhāgo <a name="V1.0064"></a> veditabbo. Tattha pathavikasiṇajjhānalābhī jhānacakkhunā gahitajhānārammaṇaṃ ‘‘attā’’ti abhinivisanto tañca seyyādito dahanto atthato <span class="bld">‘‘ahaṃ pathavī’’ti maññati</span> nāma, tameva ‘‘ayaṃ mayhaṃ attā’’ti gahaṇe pana <span class="bld">‘‘mama pathavī’’ti maññati</span> nāma. Tathā taṃ ‘‘parapuriso’’ti vā ‘‘devo’’ti vā vādavasena ‘‘ayameva paresaṃ attā’’ti vā abhinivisanto <span class="bld">‘‘paro pathavī, parassa pathavī’’ti maññati</span> nāma. Iminā nayena sesapathavīsupi yathārahaṃ catukkaṃ niddhāretabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ ‘‘pathaviṃ maññatī’’ti ettha catukkavasena maññanaṃ dassetvā idāni maññanāvatthuṃ maññanāyo ca vibhajitvā anekavihitaṃ tassa maññanākāraṃ <a name="M1.0072"></a> dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘atha vā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">aya</span>nti yathāvutto puthujjano. <span class="bld">Chandarāga</span>nti bahalarāgaṃ. <span class="bld">Assādetī</span>ti nikāmeti, ‘‘ime kesā mudusiniddhakuñcitanīlobhāsā’’tiādinā tattha rasaṃ vindati. <span class="bld">Abhinandatī</span>ti sappītikāya taṇhāya abhimukho nandati pamodati. <span class="bld">Abhivadatī</span>ti uppannaṃ taṇhābhinandanāvegaṃ hadayena sandhāretuṃ asakkonto ‘‘aho me kesā’’ti vācaṃ nicchāreti. <span class="bld">Ajjhosāya tiṭṭhatī</span>ti balavataṇhābhinivesena gilitvā pariniṭṭhāpetvā tiṭṭhati. <span class="bld">Aññataraṃ vā pana rajjanīyavatthu</span>nti kesādito aññataraṃ vā karacaraṇādippabhedaṃ niyakajjhattapariyāpannaṃ rāguppattihetubhūtaṃ vatthuṃ. <span class="bld">Itī</span>ti iminā siniddhādippakārenāti patthayitabbākāraṃ parāmasati. Tattha <span class="bld">nandiṃ samannānetī</span>ti tesu bhāvīsu kesādīsu siddhaṃ viya katvā nandiṃ taṇhaṃ samannāharati samupacāreti. <span class="bld">Paṇidahatī</span>ti patthanaṃ ṭhapeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sampattiṃ nissāya ‘‘seyyohamasmī’’ti, vipattiṃ nissāya ‘‘hīnohamasmī’’ti mānaṃ janetīti yojanā. Pathavīkoṭṭhāsabhūtānaṃ kesādīnaṃ sampattivipattīhi mānajappanā pathaviyā maññanā hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ ajjhattikaṃ pathaviṃ mānamaññanāya maññatī’’</span>ti. Avayavabyatirekena samudāyassa abhāvato samudāyo jīvābhiniveso avayavepi hotīti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘taṃ jīvaṃ taṃ sarīranti āgatanayena pana kesaṃ ‘jīvo’ti abhinivisatī’’</span>ti āha. ‘‘Kesā nāmete issaravihitā pajāpatinissitā aṇusañcayo pakatipariṇāmo’’tiādinā nayenapettha <span class="bld">diṭṭhimaññanā</span> veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Imissā pavattiyā</span>ti nikantimānadiṭṭhīnaṃ pariyādānasamugghāṭappavattiyā. ‘‘Etaṃ mamā’’tiādinā yadipi tissannampi maññanānaṃ sambhavo dassito. Taṇhāmānamaññanānaṃ pana heṭṭhā <a name="V1.0065"></a> dassitattā diṭṭhimaññanā evettha visesato uddhaṭāti veditabbaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘evampi ajjhattikaṃ pathaviṃ diṭṭhimaññanāya maññatī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bāhirampi pathaviṃ tīhi maññanāhi maññatīti yojanā. Taṃ pana maññanāvidhiṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘katha’’</span>nti āha. Tassattho heṭṭhā vuttanayena veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ayaṃ</span> <a name="M1.0073"></a> <span class="bld">jīvo</span>ti ayaṃ kāḷalohaṃ ‘‘jīvo attā’’ti <span class="bld">abhinivisati</span> ekacce nigaṇṭhā viya. <span class="bld">Evaṃ bāhiraṃ pathaviṃ diṭṭhimaññanāya maññatī</span>ti etthāpi ‘‘yā ceva kho pana ajjhattikā pathavīdhātu, yā ca bāhirā pathavīdhātū’’tiādinā nayena ānetvā vattabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pathavīkasiṇaṃ attato samanupassatī</span>tiādīsu yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ heṭṭhā vuttameva. Ayampi ca nayo ‘‘rūpaṃ attato samanupassatī’’ti ettheva antogadhoti daṭṭhabbo kasiṇānampi rūpasamaññāsambhāvato. <span class="bld">Pathaviṃ maññatī</span>ti ettha yādiso maññanāvatthumaññanānaṃ vitthāranayo vutto, tādiso ito paraṃ vuttanayovāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ito paraṃ saṅkhepeneva kathayissāmā’’</span>ti, atādiso pana vitthāratopi kathayissatīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā ‘‘pathaviyā’’ti idaṃ bhummavacanaṃ, tasmā, so attaparattadupakaraṇānaṃ ādhārabhāvena taṃ maññanāvatthuṃ kappetīti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ahaṃ pathaviyā’’</span>tiādi. Nanu ca indriyabaddhānindriyabaddhapabhedassa dhammappabandhassa sasambhārapathavī ca ādhāranissayo, itarā ārammaṇanissayo tadārammaṇassāti ettha nibbirodhoti? Na, maññanāvatthuṃ nissayabhāvena parikappanato. Ayañhi ‘‘aha’’nti diṭṭhimaññanāya mānamaññanāya ca vatthubhūtassa attano pathavisannissayaṃ katvā <span class="bld">‘‘ahaṃ pathaviyā’’ti maññati,</span> taṇhāmaññanāya vatthubhūtassa upakaraṇassa pathaviṃ sannissayaṃ katvā <span class="bld">‘‘mayhaṃ kiñcanaṃ palibodho pathaviyā’’</span>ti maññati. <span class="bld">Paro</span>tiādīsupi iminā nayena attho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yvāyaṃ atthanayoti sambandho. <span class="bld">Vutto</span> paṭisambhidāmagge. <span class="bld">Eteneva nayenā</span>ti yvāyaṃ ‘‘so kho pana me attā imasmiṃ rūpe’’ti samudāyassa ādhārabhāvadīpano atthanayo vutto, eteneva nayena. Na hi avayavabyatirekena samudāyo labbhati, tasmā samudāye vuttavidhi avayavepi labbhatīti adhippāyo. Tenāha <span class="bld">so kho pana me ayaṃ attā imissā pathaviyāti maññanto</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tasmiṃyeva panassa attanī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">assā</span>ti puthujjanassa. <span class="bld">Tasmiṃyeva attanī</span>ti ajjhattikabāhirapathavīsannissaye <a name="V1.0066"></a> attani. ‘‘Pathaviyā maññatī’’ti padassāyaṃ vaṇṇanā. Evaṃ ‘‘pathaviyā maññatī’’ti ettha attavasena diṭṭhimānataṇhāmaññanaṃ dassetvā idāni paravasena dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yadā panā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">assā</span>ti <a name="M1.0074"></a> parassa. <span class="bld">Tadā</span>ti paravasena maññanāyaṃ. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhimaññanā eva yujjati</span> tattha niccābhinivesādayo sambhavantīti katvā. Avadhāraṇena mānataṇhāmaññanā nivatteti. Na hi ‘‘seyyohamasmī’’tiādinā, ‘‘mayha’’nti ca pavattalakkhaṇā mānataṇhā parasmiṃ parassa santakabhāvena gahite ca pavattantīti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Itarāyopī</span>ti mānataṇhāmaññanāyopi. <span class="bld">Icchanti</span> aṭṭhakathācariyā. Parassapi hi pathavīsannissayena sampattiissariyādikassa vasena attani seyyādibhāvaṃ dahato paṇidahato ca cittaṃ tathābhāvāya mānataṇhāmaññanā sambhavantīti ācariyānaṃ adhippāyo. ‘‘Paro pathavī parassa pathavī’’ti etthāpi ime dve pakārā sādhippāyā niddhāretabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Pathavito sañjānātī’’ti, ‘‘ādito’’ti ca ādīsu anissakkavacanepi to-saddo diṭṭhoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pathavitoti nissakkavacana’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Saupakaraṇassā</span>ti hiraññasuvaṇṇagatassa dāsaporisādinā vittupakaraṇena saupakaraṇassa, attano vā parassa vā tesaṃ upakaraṇassa vāti attho. <span class="bld">Yathāvuttappabhedato</span>ti lakkhaṇādiajjhattikādivuttappakāravibhāgato. <span class="bld">Uppattiṃ vā niggamanaṃ vā</span>ti ‘‘taṃ aṇḍaṃ ahosi hemamayaṃ, tasmiṃ sayaṃ brahmā uppanno’’ti brahmaṇḍavādavasena vā ‘‘dvīhi aṇūhi dviaṇuka’’nti evaṃ pavattaaṇukavādavasena vā pathavito uppattiṃ vā ‘‘sabboyaṃ loko issarato viniggato’’ti issaravādavasena issarakuttato pathavito niggamanaṃ vā maññamānoti yojanā. <span class="bld">Pathavito vā añño</span> āpādiko attāti adhippāyo. Ettha ca purimasmiṃ atthavikappe kārakalakkhaṇaṃ nissakkavacanaṃ, dutiyasmiṃ upapadalakkhaṇanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Attano pariggahabhūtapathavito sukhappattiṃ tato eva ca parehi seyyādibhāvaṃ kappentassa vasenapettha <span class="bld">taṇhāmānamaññanā</span> veditabbā. <span class="bld">Apare</span>ti sārasamāsācariyā. <span class="bld">Tato aññaṃ appamāṇaṃ attānaṃ gahetvā</span>ti pubbe bhāvitaāpādiappamāṇakasiṇavasena vā kāpilakāṇādadiṭṭhivasena vā appamāṇaṃ byāpinaṃ attānaṃ gahetvā. <span class="bld">Pathavito</span>ti pacchā abhāvitaavaḍḍhitapathavīkasiṇasaṅkhātapathavito. <span class="bld">Bahiddhāpi me attā</span>ti ito pathavito bahipi me attāti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kevala</span>nti <a name="M1.0075"></a> anavasesaṃ. <span class="bld">Mahāpathaviṃ taṇhāvasena mamāyati,</span> ayañca nayo catudīpissariye ṭhitassa dīpacakkavattino ca labbheyya, maṇḍalikarājamahāmattakuṭumbikānampi vasena labbhateva tesampi yathāpariggahaṃ anavasesetvā maññanāya sambhavato. ‘‘Evaṃ mamā’’ti gāhassa ‘‘esohamasmiṃ, eso me attā’’ti gāhavidhūratāya vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ekā taṇhāmaññanā eva labbhatī’’</span>ti<a name="V1.0067"></a>. <span class="bld">Iminā nayenā</span>ti vuttamatidesaṃ vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sā cāya’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">sā cāya</span>nti sā ca ayaṃ taṇhāmaññanā yojetabbāti sambandho. Yathā pana diṭṭhimaññanāmaññite vatthusmiṃ sinehaṃ mānañca uppādayato taṇhāmānamaññanā sambhavanti, evaṃ taṇhāmaññanāmaññitena vatthunā attānaṃ seyyādito dahato tañca attaniyaṃ niccaṃ tathā taṃsāmibhūtaṃ attānañca parikappentassa itaramaññanāpi sambhavantīti sakkā viññātuṃ. ‘‘Me’’ti hi iminā atthaggahaṇamukheneva attaniyasambandho pakāsīyatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Abhinandatī</span>ti iminā taṇhādiṭṭhābhinivesānaṃ saṅgahitattā te dassento <span class="bld">‘‘assādeti parāmasati cā’’</span>ti āha. Diṭṭhivippayuttacittuppādavasena cetassa dvayassa asaṅkarato pavatti veditabbā, ekacittuppādepi vā adhipatidhammānaṃ viya pubbābhisaṅkhāravasena tassa tassa balavabhāvena pavatti. <span class="bld">Etasmiṃ atthe</span>ti taṇhādiṭṭhivasena abhinandanatthe. <span class="bld">Eta</span>nti ‘‘pathaviṃ abhinandatī’’ti etaṃ padaṃ. Yesaṃ vineyyānaṃ yehi pakāravisesehi dhammānaṃ vibhāvane kate visesādhigamo hoti, tesaṃ tehi pakāravisesehi dhammavibhāvanaṃ. Yesaṃ pana yena ekeneva pakārena dhammavibhāvane kate visesādhigamo hoti, tesampi taṃ vatvā dhammissaratāya tadaññaniravasesappakāravibhāvanañca <span class="bld">desanāvilāso</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘pubbe maññanāvasena kilesuppattiṃ dassetvā idāni abhinandanāvasena dassento’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Dhammadhātuyā</span>ti sammāsambodhiyā. Sā hi sabbañeyyadhammaṃ yathāsabhāvato dhāreti upadhāreti, sakalañca vineyyasattasaṅkhātadhammappabandhaṃ apāyadukkhasaṃsāradukkhapatanato dhāreti, sayañca aviparītapavattiākārā dhātūti dhammadhātūti idhādhippetā. Sabbaññutaññāṇapadaṭṭhānañhi maggañāṇaṃ, maggañāṇapadaṭṭhānañca sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ sammāsambodhīti. <span class="bld">Suppaṭividdhattā</span>ti <a name="M1.0076"></a> suṭṭhu paṭividdhabhāvato, sammā adhigatattāti attho. Abhikaṅkhanasampaggahaparāmasanānaṃ vasena ārammaṇe parikappanāpavatti maññanā. Tattha ‘‘mamaṃ, aha’’nti ca abhinivesanaṃ <span class="bld">parikappanaṃ</span>. Yena ajjhosānaṃ hoti, ayaṃ <span class="bld">abhinandanā</span>ti ayametesaṃ viseso. Suttādiaviruddhāyeva attanomati icchitabbā, na itarāti suttena tassā saṅgahaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vuttañceta’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Desanāvilāsavibhāvanassa pana sahetukahetusampayuttadukādidesanāya nibaddhatā niddhāretabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti tena. Ñātasaddasambandhena hetaṃ kattari sāmivacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti apariññātattā. ‘‘Apariññāta’’nti paṭikkhepamukhena yaṃ parijānanaṃ vuttaṃ, taṃ atthato tividhā pariññā hotīti taṃ sarūpato pavattiākārato ca vibhāvento <span class="bld">‘‘yo hī’’</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="V1.0068"></a> yāya paññāya vipassanābhūmiṃ parijānāti paricchindati, sā parijānanapaññā <span class="bld">ñātapariññā</span>. Sā hi tebhūmakadhammajātaṃ ‘‘ayaṃ vipassanābhūmī’’ti ñātaṃ viditaṃ pākaṭaṃ karontīyeva lakkhaṇarasādito ajjhattikādivibhāgato ca paricchijja jānāti. Idha pana pathavīdhātuvasena veditabbāti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pathavīdhātuṃ parijānātī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Tīraṇapariññā</span>ti kīraṇavasena parijānanakapaññā. Sā hi parivārehi aniccatādiākārehi aniccatādisabhāvassa upādānakkhandhapañcakassa tīraṇavasena sammasanavasena taṃ paricchijja jānāti. <span class="bld">Aggamaggenā</span>ti arahattamaggena. So hi anavasesato chandarāgaṃ pajahati. <span class="bld">Aggamaggenā</span>ti vā aggabhūtena maggena, lokuttaramaggenāti attho. Ubhayathāpi hi samucchedapahānakārī eva paññā nippariyāyena pahānapariññāti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nāmarūpavavatthāna</span>nti etena paccayapariggahopi saṅgahitoti daṭṭhabbo nāmarūpassa hetuvavatthānabhāvato. Sopi hi hetupaccayamukhena nāmarūpassa vavatthānamevāti. Kalāpasammasanādivasena <span class="bld">tīraṇapariññā</span> aniccādivasena sammasanabhāvato. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā tā pariññāyo natthi, tasmā. Atha vā <span class="bld">tasmā apariññātattā</span>ti yasmā apariññātā pathavī, tasmā apariññātattā pathaviyā taṃ pathaviṃ maññati ca abhinandati cāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Pathavīvāravaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Āpovārādivaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āpaṃ</span> <a name="M1.0077"></a> <span class="bld">āpato</span>ti ettha appoti, appāyatīti vā <span class="bld">āpo,</span> yasmiṃ saṅghāte sayaṃ atthi, taṃ ābandhanavasena byāpetvā tiṭṭhati, paribrūhetīti vā attho. Atthānaṃ adhi <span class="bld">ajjhattaṃ</span>. Pati pati attānanti <span class="bld">paccattaṃ</span>. Ubhayenapi sattasantānapariyāpannameva vadati. <span class="bld">Āpo āpogata</span>ntiādīsu ābandhanameva <span class="bld">āpo,</span> tadeva āposabhāvaṃ gatattā <span class="bld">āpogataṃ,</span> sabhāveneva āpabhāvaṃ pattanti attho. Sinehanavasena <span class="bld">sineho,</span> soyeva sinehanasabhāvaṃ gatattā <span class="bld">sinehagataṃ</span>. <span class="bld">Bandhanattaṃ rūpassā</span>ti avinibbhogarūpassa bandhanabhāvo, avippakiraṇavasena sampiṇḍananti attho. <span class="bld">Uggaṇhanto</span>ti yathāparicchinne āpomaṇḍale yathā uggahanimittaṃ upalabbhati, tathā nimittaṃ gaṇhanto. <span class="bld">Vutto</span>ti ‘‘āpasmi’’nti ettha vuttaāpo. So hi sasambhāraāpo, na ‘‘āpokasiṇa’’nti ettha vuttaāpo. <span class="bld">Sesa</span>nti ārammaṇasammutiāpānaṃ sarūpavibhāvanaṃ. ‘‘Āpaṃ <a name="V1.0069"></a> āpato pajānātī’’tiādipāḷiyā atthavibhāvanañceva tattha tattha maññanāvibhāgadassanañca <span class="bld">pathaviyaṃ vuttasadisamevā</span>ti. Tattha ‘‘pathavīkasiṇameko sañjānātī’’tiādinā (dī. ni. 3.360; a. ni. 10.25) vuttaṃ, idha ‘‘āpokasiṇameko sañjānātī’’tiādinā vattabbaṃ. Tattha ca ‘‘pathavīti sañjānātī’’ti vuttaṃ, idha pana ‘‘āpoti sañjānātī’’tiādinā vattabbanti evamādi eva viseso. Sesaṃ tādisameva. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘pathaviyaṃ vuttasadisamevā’’ti. Yo panettha viseso, taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kevala’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">mūlaraso</span>ti mūlaṃ paṭicca nibbattaraso. <span class="bld">Khandharasā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Khīrādīni</span> pākaṭāneva. Yathā pana bhesajjasikkhāpade (pārā. 618-625), na evamidha niyamo atthi. Yaṃ kiñci khīraṃ <span class="bld">khīra</span>meva. Sesesupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Bhummānī</span>ti āvāṭādīsu ṭhitaudakāni. <span class="bld">Antalikkhānī</span>ti pathaviṃ appattāni vassodakāni, pattāni pana bhummāneva. <span class="bld">Evaṃ vuttā cā</span>ti <span class="bld">ca</span>-saddena himodakakappavināsakaudakapathaviyāantoudakapathavīsandhārakaudakādiṃ pubbe avuttampi samuccinoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tejaṃ tejatoti</span> ettha tejanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">tejo,</span> tejanaṃ nāma dahanapacanādisamatthaṃ nisānaṃ, yaṃ uṇhattanti vuccati. <span class="bld">Yena cā</span>ti yena tejogatena <a name="M1.0078"></a> kupitena. <span class="bld">Santappatī</span>ti ayaṃ kāyo samantato tappati ekāhikajarādibhāvena usumajāto hoti. <span class="bld">Yena ca jīrīyatī</span>ti yena ayaṃ kāyo jīrīyati, indriyavekallataṃ balaparikkhayaṃ valitādibhāvañca pāpuṇāti. <span class="bld">Yena ca pariḍayhatī</span>ti yena kupitena ayaṃ kāyo parito ḍayhati, so ca puggalo ḍayhāmīti satadhotasappigosītacandanādilepañceva tālavaṇṭavātañca paccāsīsati. <span class="bld">Yena ca asitapītakhāyitasāyitaṃ sammā pariṇāmaṃ gacchatī</span>ti yena asitaṃ vā odanādi, pītaṃ vā pānakādi, khāyitaṃ vā piṭhakhajjakādi, sāyitaṃ vā ambapakkamadhuphāṇitādi sammadeva paripākaṃ gacchati, rasādibhāvena vivekaṃ gacchatīti attho. Ettha ca sarīrassa pakatiusumaṃ atikkamitvā uṇhabhāvo <span class="bld">santāpo,</span> sarīradahanavasena pavatto mahādāho <span class="bld">paridāho,</span> satavāraṃ tāpetvā udake pakkhipitvā uddhaṭasappi <span class="bld">satadhotasappi,</span> rasarudhiramaṃsamedaaṭṭhiaṭṭhimiñjasukkā <span class="bld">rasādayo</span>. Tattha purimā tayo tejā catusamuṭṭhānā, pacchimo kammasamuṭṭhānova.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tejobhāvaṃ gatattā <span class="bld">tejogataṃ</span>. <span class="bld">Usmā</span>ti uṇhākāro. Usmāva usmābhāvaṃ gatattā <span class="bld">usmāgataṃ. Usuma</span>nti caṇḍausumaṃ. Tadeva <span class="bld">usumagataṃ,</span> sabhāveneva usumabhāvaṃ pattanti attho. <span class="bld">Kaṭṭhaggī</span>ti kaṭṭhupādāno aggi. <span class="bld">Sakalikaggī</span>ādīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Saṅkāraggī</span>ti kacavaraṃ paṭicca uppannaaggi. <span class="bld">Indaggī</span>ti asaniaggi. <span class="bld">Santāpo</span>ti jālāya vā vītaccitaṅgārānaṃ vā santāpo<a name="V1.0070"></a>. <span class="bld">Sūriyasantāpo</span>ti ātapo. <span class="bld">Kaṭṭhasannicayasantāpo</span>ti kaṭṭharāsiṃ paṭicca uppannasantāpo. Sesesupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Evaṃ vuttā cāti. Ca</span>-saddena petaggikappavināsakagginirayaggiādike avuttepi samuccinoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vāyaṃ vāyato</span>ti ettha vāyanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">vāyo</span>. Kimidaṃ vāyanaṃ nāma? Vitthambhanaṃ, samudīraṇaṃ vā, vāyanaṃ gamananti eke. <span class="bld">Uddhaṅgamā vātā</span>ti uggārahikkādipavattakā uddhaṃ ārohanavātā. <span class="bld">Adhogamā vātā</span>ti uccārapassāvādinīharaṇatā adho orohanavātā. <span class="bld">Kucchisayā vātā</span>ti antānaṃ bahivātā. <span class="bld">Koṭṭhāsayā vātā</span>ti antānaṃ antovātā. <span class="bld">Aṅgamaṅgānusārino vātā</span>ti dhamanījālānusārena sakalasarīre aṅgamaṅgāni anusaṭā samiñjanapasāraṇādinibbattakā vātā<a name="M1.0079"></a>. <span class="bld">Satthakavātā</span>ti sandhibandhanāni kattariyā chindantā viya pavattavātā. <span class="bld">Khurakavātā</span>ti khurena viya hadayamaṃsachedanaphālanakavātā. <span class="bld">Uppalakavātā</span>ti hadayamaṃsassa samuppāṭanakavātā. <span class="bld">Assāso</span>ti antopavisanakanāsikāvāto. <span class="bld">Passāso</span>ti bahinikkhamananāsikāvāto. Ettha ca purimā sabbe catusamuṭṭhānā, assāsapassāsā cittasamuṭṭhānāva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vāyogata</span>nti vāyova vāyogataṃ, sabhāveneva vāyobhāvaṃ pattanti attho. <span class="bld">Thambhitattaṃ rūpassā</span>ti avinibbhogarūpassa thambhitabhāvo. <span class="bld">Puratthimā vātā</span>ti puratthimadisato āgatā vātā. <span class="bld">Pacchimā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Sarajā</span>dīsu saha rajena <span class="bld">sarajā,</span> rajavirahitā suddhā <span class="bld">arajā</span>. Sītautusamuṭṭhānā, sītavalāhakantare vā jātā <span class="bld">sītā</span>. Uṇhautusamuṭṭhānā, uṇhavalāhakantare vā jātā <span class="bld">uṇhā</span>. <span class="bld">Parittā</span>ti mandā tanukavātā. <span class="bld">Adhimattā</span>ti balavavātā. <span class="bld">Kāḷāti</span> kāḷavalāhakantare samuṭṭhitā. Yehi abbhāhato chavivaṇṇo kāḷako hoti, tesaṃ etaṃ adhivacanantipi eke. <span class="bld">Verambhavātā</span>ti yojanato upari vāyanavātā. <span class="bld">Pakkhavātā</span>ti antamaso makkhikāyapi pakkhāyūhanavātā. <span class="bld">Supaṇṇavātā</span>ti garuḷavātā. Kāmaṃ cetepi pakkhavātāva, ussadavasena pana visuṃ gahitā. <span class="bld">Tālavaṇṭavātā</span>ti tālavaṇṇehi katena, aññehi vā katena kenaci maṇḍalasaṇṭhānena samuṭṭhāpitavātā. <span class="bld">Vidhūpanavātā</span>ti bījanapattakena samuṭṭhāpitavātā. Imāni ca tālavaṇṭavidhūpanāni anuppannampi vātaṃ uppādenti, uppannampi parivattenti. Idhāpi <span class="bld">ca</span>-saddo udakasandhārakavātakappavināsakavātajālāpellanakavātādike avuttepi samuccinoti. Ettha ca ‘‘āpaṃ maññatī’’tiādīsu yasmā tīhi maññanāhi – ‘‘ahaṃ āpoti maññati, mama āpoti maññatī’’tiādinā pathavīvāre vuttanayena sakkā maññanāvibhāgo vibhāvetunti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sesaṃ vuttanayamevā’’</span>ti. Tasmā tattha vuttanayānusārena imesu tīsu vāresu yathārahaṃ maññanāvibhāgo vibhāvetabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ettāvatā</span>ti <a name="V1.0071"></a> ettakena iminā catuvāraparimāṇena desanāvisesena. <span class="bld">Ca</span>-saddo byatireko. Tena vakkhamānaṃyeva visesaṃ joteti. <span class="bld">Yvāya</span>nti yo ayaṃ lakkhaṇo nāma hāro vuttoti sambandho. So pana lakkhaṇahāro yaṃlakkhaṇo tattha vutto, taṃ dassetuṃ <a name="M1.0080"></a> <span class="bld">‘‘vuttamhī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">vuttamhi ekadhamme</span>ti kusalādīsu khandhādīsu vā yasmiṃ kasmiñci ekadhamme sutte sarūpato niddhāraṇavasena vā kathite. <span class="bld">Ye dhammā ekalakkhaṇā tenā</span>ti ye keci dhammā kusalādibhāvena, rūpakkhandhādibhāvena vā tena vuttadhammena samānalakkhaṇā. <span class="bld">Vuttā bhavanti sabbe</span>ti sabbepi kusalādisabhāvā, khandhādisabhāvā vā dhammā sutte avuttāpi tāya samānalakkhaṇatāya vuttā bhavanti, ānetvā saṃvaṇṇanavasenāti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ettha ca ekalakkhaṇā</span>ti samānalakkhaṇā vuttā. Tena sahacaritā samānakiccatā samānahetutā samānaphalatā samānārammaṇatāti evamādīhipi avuttānaṃ vuttānaṃ viya niddhāraṇaṃ veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Itī</span>ti iminā pakārena. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ nettiyaṃ lakkhaṇo nāma hāro vutto’’</span>ti, <span class="bld">nettipāḷiyaṃ</span> (netti. 23) pana ‘‘ye dhammā ekalakkhaṇā keci so hāro lakkhaṇo nāmā’’ti pāṭho āgato. <span class="bld">Tassa vasenā</span>ti tassa lakkhaṇahārassa vasena. <span class="bld">Rūpalakkhaṇaṃ anatītattā</span>ti ruppanasabhāvena samānasabhāvattā. <span class="bld">Vadantena</span> bhagavatā. <span class="bld">Etā</span>ti ‘‘rūpaṃ attato samanupassatī’’ti evaṃ vuttadiṭṭhī. Ettha ca <span class="bld">sakkāyadiṭṭhimaññanā</span>dassaneneva sakalarūpavatthukā taṇhāmānamaññanāpi dassitā evāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Tathā hi vuttaṃ ‘‘tasmiṃyeva panassa diṭṭhimaññanāya maññite vatthusmiṃ sinehaṃ mānañca uppādayato taṇhāmānamaññanāpi veditabbā’’ti. Atha vā pathaviṃ āpaṃ tejaṃ vāyaṃ meti maññati abhinandatīti ca vadantena vuttanayeneva sakalarūpavatthukā taṇhāmaññanā tadanusārena mānamaññanāpi vuttāva hotīti evampettha itaramaññanāpi niddhāretabbā.</p>
<p class="centered">Āpovārādivaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Bhūtavārādivaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para3"></a><a name="para3_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">3</span>. ‘‘Pathaviṃ maññati, pathaviyā maññatī’’tiādīhi padehi ‘‘rūpaṃ attato samanupassati, rūpasmiṃ attānaṃ samanupassatī’’tiādīnaṃ sakkāyadiṭṭhīnaṃ niddhāritattā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ rūpamukhena saṅkhāravatthukaṃ maññanaṃ vatvā’’</span>ti<a name="M1.0081"></a>. <span class="bld">Tesu saṅkhāresu sattesupī</span>ti tadupādānesupi sattesu<a name="V1.0072"></a>. <span class="bld">Dhātūsū</span>ti pathavīādīsu catūsu dhātūsu. ‘‘Jātaṃ bhūtaṃ saṅkhata’’ntiādīsu (dī. ni. 2.207; saṃ. ni. 5.379) bhūta-saddo uppāde dissati, saupasaggo pana ‘‘pabhūtamariyo pakaroti puñña’’ntiādīsu vipule, ‘‘yebhuyyena bhikkhūnaṃ paribhūtarūpo’’tiādīsu hiṃsane, ‘‘sambhūto sāṇavāsī’’tiādīsu (cūḷava. 450) paññattiyaṃ, ‘‘abhibhūto māro vijito saṅgāmo’’tiādīsu vimathane, ‘‘parābhūtarūpo kho ayaṃ acelo pāthikaputto’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 3.23, 25, 31, 32) parājaye, ‘‘anubhūtaṃ sukhadukkha’’ntiādīsu vediyane, ‘‘vibhūtaṃ vibhāvitaṃ paññāyā’’tiādīsu pākaṭīkaraṇe dissati. Te sabbe <span class="bld">rukkhādīsū</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena saṅgahitāti daṭṭhabbā. ‘‘Kālo ghasati bhūtānīti (jā. 1.2.190), bhūtā loke samussaya’’nti (dī. ni. 2.220; saṃ. ni. 1.186) ca ādīsu avisesena sattavācakopi bhūtasaddo, upari devādipadehi sattavisesānaṃ gahitattā idha tadavasiṭṭhā bhūtasaddena gayhantīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘no ca kho avisesenā’’</span>ti. Tenevāha – <span class="bld">‘‘cātumahārājikānañhi heṭṭhā sattā idha bhūtāti adhippetā’’</span>ti. Yo hi sattanikāyo paripuṇṇayoniko catūhipi yonīhi nibbattanāraho, tatthāyaṃ bhūtasamaññā aṇḍajādivasena bhavanato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhūte</span>ti vuttadesaādesite bhūte. <span class="bld">Bhūtato sañjānātī</span>ti iminā ‘‘bhūtā’’ti lokavohāraṃ gahetvā yathā tattha taṇhādimaññanā sambhavanti, evaṃ viparītasaññāya sañjānanaṃ pakāsīyati. Svāyamattho heṭṭhā ‘‘pathavito sañjānātī’’ti ettha vuttanayānusārena sakkā jānitunti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vuttanayamevā’’</span>ti. Yathā suddhāvāsā sabbadā abhāvato imaṃ desanaṃ nāruḷhā, evaṃ nerayikāpi sabbamaññanānadhiṭṭhānato. Eteneva ekaccapetānampettha asaṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. Apare pana ‘‘diṭṭhimaññanādhiṭṭhānato tesampettha saṅgaho icchitoyevā’’ti vadanti. ‘‘Samaṅgibhūtaṃ paricārenta’’ntiādinā sutte <span class="bld">vuttanayena</span>. <span class="bld">Rajjatī</span>ti ‘‘subhā sukhitā’’ti vipallāsaggāhena tattha rāgaṃ janeti. Evamettha rajjanto ca na kevalaṃ dassanavaseneva, savanādivasenapi rajjatevāti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘disvāpi…pe… utvāpī’’</span>ti āha. Tattha ghāyanādivasena rajjanaṃ tehi anubhūtagandhamālādivasena ceva visabhāgavatthubhūtānaṃ tesaṃ <a name="M1.0082"></a> paribhogavasena ca yathānubhavaṃ anussaraṇavasena ca veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Evaṃ bhūte taṇhāmaññanāya maññatī</span>ti vuttanayena bhūte paṭicca chandarāgaṃ janento tesaṃ paṭipattiṃ assādento abhinandanto abhivadanto ajjhosāya tiṭṭhanto ‘‘īdisī avatthā mama anāgatamaddhānaṃ siyā’’tiādinā vā pana nayena tattha nandiṃ samannānento bhūte taṇhāmaññanāya maññatīti attho. <span class="bld">Appaṭiladdhassa</span> khattiyamahāsālādibhāvassa, <span class="bld">sampattiṃ vipatti</span>nti jātivasena ukkaṭṭanihīnataṃ. <span class="bld">Dahatī</span>ti ṭhapeti. <span class="bld">Yo</span> <a name="V1.0073"></a> <span class="bld">evarūpo māno</span>ti yo eso ‘‘ayaṃ pubbe mayā sadiso, idāni ayaṃ seṭṭho ayaṃ hīnataro’’ti uppanno māno. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ vuccati mānātimāno</span>ti ayaṃ bhārātibhāro viya purimaṃ sadisamānaṃ upādāya mānātimāno nāmāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Niccā</span>tiādīsu uppādābhāvato <span class="bld">niccā,</span> maraṇābhāvato <span class="bld">dhuvā,</span> sabbadā bhāvato <span class="bld">sassatā</span>. Aniccapaṭipakkhato vā <span class="bld">niccā,</span> thirabhāvato <span class="bld">dhuvā,</span> sassatisamatāya <span class="bld">sassatā,</span> jarādivasena vipariṇāmassa abhāvato <span class="bld">avipariṇāmadhammā</span>ti maññati. <span class="bld">Sabbe sattā</span>ti oṭṭhagoṇagadrabhādayo anavasesā sañjanaṭṭhena sattā. <span class="bld">Sabbe pāṇā</span>ti ‘‘ekindriyo pāṇo dvindriyo pāṇo’’tiādivasena vuttā anavasesā pāṇanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">pāṇā. Sabbe bhūtā</span>ti anavasesā aṇḍakosādīsu bhūtā sañjātāti <span class="bld">bhūtā. Sabbe jīvā</span>ti sāliyavagodhūmādayo anavasesā jīvanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">jīvā</span>. Tesu hi so virūhabhāvena jīvasaññī. <span class="bld">Avasā abalā avīriyā</span>ti tesaṃ attano vaso vā balaṃ vā vīriyaṃ vā natthīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Niyatisaṅgatibhāvapariṇatāti</span> ettha <span class="bld">niyatī</span>ti. <span class="bld">Niyatatā,</span> acchejjasuttāvutaabhejjamaṇi viya avijahitapakatitā. <span class="bld">Saṅgatī</span>ti channaṃ abhijātīnaṃ tattha saṅgamo. <span class="bld">Bhāvo</span>ti sabhāvoyeva, kaṇḍakānaṃ tikhiṇatā, kapiṭṭhaphalādīnaṃ parimaṇḍalāditā, migapakkhīnaṃ vicittavaṇṇāditāti evamādiko. Evaṃ niyatiyā ca saṅgatiyā ca bhāve ca pariṇatā nānappakārataṃ pattā. Yena hi yathā bhavitabbaṃ, so tatheva bhavati. Yena na bhavitabbaṃ, so na bhavatīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Chasvevābhijātīsū</span>ti kaṇhābhijātiādīsu chasu eva abhijātīsu ṭhatvā sukhañca dukkhañca paṭisaṃvedenti, aññā sukhadukkhabhūmi natthīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Vā</span>-saddena antādibhede diṭṭhābhinivese saṅgaṇhāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upapatti</span>nti <a name="M1.0083"></a> iminā tasmiṃ tasmiṃ sattanikāye bhūtānaṃ sahabyataṃ ākaṅkhatīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Sukhuppatti</span>nti iminā pana tattha tattha uppannassa sukhuppattiṃ. <span class="bld">Ekacce bhūte niccā</span>tiādinā ekaccasassatikadiṭṭhiṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Ahampi bhūtesu aññatarosmī</span>ti iminā pana catutthaṃ ekaccasassatikavādaṃ dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yato kutocī</span>ti issarapurisādibhedato yato kutoci. <span class="bld">Ekā taṇhāmaññanāva labbhatī</span>ti idhāpi heṭṭhā vuttanayena itaramaññanānampi sambhavo niddhāretabbo. Vuttappakāreyeva bhūte taṇhādiṭṭhīhi abhinandatītiādinā vattabbattā āha ‘‘vuttanayamevā’’ti. <span class="bld">Yojanā kātabbā</span>ti ‘‘yo bhūtapaññattiyā upādānabhūte khandhe parijānāti, so tīhi pariññāhi parijānātī’’tiādinā yojanā kātabbā. Apare panettha bhūtagāmopi bhūta-saddena saṅgahitoti rukkhādivasenapi <a name="V1.0074"></a> maññanāvibhāgaṃ yojetvā dassenti, tathā mahābhūtavasenapi, taṃ <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> natthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhūmivisesādinā bhedenā</span>ti bhūmivisesaupapattivisesādivibhāgena. <span class="bld">Iddhiyā</span>ti puññavisesanibbattena ānubhāvena. Kiñcāpi deva-saddo ‘‘viddhe vigatavalāhake deve’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 1.110; 3.102; 5.146-148; ma. ni. 1.486; a. ni. 10.15; itivu. 27) ajaṭākāse āgato, ‘‘devo ca thokaṃ thokaṃ phusāyatī’’tiādīsu meghe, ‘‘ayañhi deva kumāro’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 2.34, 35, 36) khattiye āgato, ‘‘pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappito samaṅgibhūto paricāreti devo maññe’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 1.183; ma. ni. 2.211) viya idha upapattidevesu āgato, deva-saddena pana vattabbasatte anavasesato uddharitvā tato idhādhippete dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘te tividhā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sesā cha kāmāvacarā idha devāti adhippetā</span> itaresaṃ padantarehi nivattitattāti adhippāyo. Bhūtā devāti gahitesu sattesu taṇhādimaññanānaṃ pavattākārenapi tividhalakkhaṇanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘bhūtavāre vuttanayena veditabbā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Aññatarassa upāsakassa pajāpati abhirūpā hotī’’tiādīsu (pārā. 168) <span class="bld">pajāpati</span>-saddo gharaṇiyaṃ āgato, ‘‘pajāpati kāmadāyī suvaṇṇavaṇṇā me pajā hotū’’tiādīsu diṭṭhigatikaparikappite, ‘‘pajāpatissa devarājassa <a name="M1.0084"></a> dhajaggaṃ ullokeyyāthā’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 1.249) devajeṭṭhake, idha pana adhipatīti vadanti, taṃ upari brahmuno gayhamānattā tesaṃ matimattaṃ. <span class="bld">Devāna</span>nti cātumahārājikādidevānaṃ. <span class="bld">Mahārājādīna</span>nti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena sakkasuyāmasantussitasunimmitavasavattino gahitā. <span class="bld">Tesa</span>nti mahārājādīnaṃ. <span class="bld">Sattasaṅkhātāyā</span>ti kāmabhūmiyaṃ sattasaṅkhātāya. <span class="bld">Pajāpati</span>nti pajāpatibhāvaṃ. Pajāpatibhāvena hi mānaṃ jappento pajāpatiṃ mānamaññanāya maññatīti vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekā diṭṭhimaññanāva yujjatī</span>ti vuttaṃ, pajāpatino pana samipataṃ salokataṃ vā ākaṅkhato, tathābhāvāya cittaṃ paṇidahato, tathāladdhabbāya sampattiyā attano seyyādibhāvaṃ dahato ca taṇhāmānamaññanāpi sambhavantīti sakkā viññātuṃ. <span class="bld">Ye ca dhammā</span>ti āyuvaṇṇādike vadati. <span class="bld">Pajāpati</span>nti etthāpi heṭṭhā vuttanayena itaramaññanānampi sambhavo veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Brūhito</span>ti <a name="V1.0075"></a> parivuddho. <span class="bld">Guṇavisesehī</span>ti jhānādīhi visiṭṭhehi guṇehi uttarimanussadhammatāya. Brahma-saddassa satipi avisesato visiṭṭhavācakatte yattha yattha panassa guṇavisesayuttādirūpā pavatti, taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘apicā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sahasso</span>ti sahassiyā lokadhātuyā adhipatibhūto. <span class="bld">Paṭhamābhinibbatto</span>ti paṇītena paṭhamajhānena nibbatto, paṭhamajjhānabhūmiyaṃ vā paṭhamaṃ abhinibbatto. <span class="bld">Gahitāti veditabbā</span> padhānaggahaṇena appadhānānampi kenaci sambandhena gahitabhāvasiddhito. Ettha ca <span class="bld">brahmā</span>ti mahābrahmā adhippeto. So hi vaṇṇavantatāya ceva dīghāyukatāya ca brahmapārisajjādīhi mahanto brahmāti <span class="bld">mahābrahmā,</span> tassa pana purohitaṭṭhāne ṭhitāti <span class="bld">brahmapurohitā,</span> parisāyaṃ bhavā paricārakāti <span class="bld">brahmapārisajjā</span>ti veditabbā. Ukkaṭṭhekapuggalabhāvato pajāpatismiṃ viya brahmani maññanā vattatīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pajāpativāre vuttanayeneva veditabbā’’ti. Tathā hi bahupuggalabhāvasāmaññato ābhassaravārādīnaṃ bhūtavārasadisatā vuttā.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathāvuttapabhāya ābhāsanasīlā vā <span class="bld">ābhassarā. Ekatalavāsino</span>ti idaṃ jhānantarabhūmīnaṃ viya heṭṭhuparibhāvābhāvato vuttaṃ, ṭhānāni <a name="M1.0085"></a> pana nesaṃ paricchinnāneva. Ābhassarehi parittā ābhā etesanti <span class="bld">parittābhā. Appamāṇā ābhā etesanti appamāṇābhā. </span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Subhā</span>ti sobhanā pabhā. Kañcanapiṇḍo viya sassirikā <span class="bld">kañcanapiṇḍasassirikā</span>. Tattha sobhanāya pabhāya kiṇṇā subhākiṇṇāti vattabbe bhā-saddassa rassattaṃ, antima-ṇa-kārassa ha-kārañca katvā <span class="bld">‘‘subhakiṇhā’’</span>ti vuttā. <span class="bld">Subhā</span>ti ca ekagghanā niccalā pabhā vuccati, parittā subhā etesanti <span class="bld">parittasubhā</span>. Appamāṇā subhā etesanti <span class="bld">appamāṇasubhā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vipulaphalā</span>ti vipulasantasukhāyuvaṇṇādiphalā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Satipi devabrahmādīnaṃ puññaphalena jhānaphalena ca paṭipakkhābhibhave yesaṃ pana puthujjanaasaññasattesu abhibhūvohāro pākaṭo niruḷho ca, tesaṃ vasenāyaṃ desanā pavattāti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘asaññabhavassetaṃ adhivacana’’</span>nti. Yathā pajāpativāre ‘‘idhekacco pajāpatismiṃyevā’’tiādinā maññanāpavatti dassitā, tathā idhāpi taṃ dassetuṃ sakkāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sesaṃ pajāpativāre vuttanayamevā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="centered">Bhūtavārādivaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Ākāsānañcāyatanavārādivaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para4"></a><a name="para4_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">4</span>. Evaṃ <a name="V1.0076"></a> sattavasena bhūmikkamadassane suddhāvāsānaṃ aggahaṇe kāraṇaṃ niddhārento <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ bhagavā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">anāgāmikhīṇāsavā</span>ti anāgāmino ca khīṇāsavā ca. Kiñcāpi suddhāvāsā attheva anekakappasahassāyukā, ukkaṃsaparicchedato pana soḷasakappasahassāyukāva, na tato paranti āha <span class="bld">‘‘katipayakappasahassāyukā’’</span>ti. Kāmarūpabhavesu pavattamānāpi ākāsānañcāyatanādidhammā arūpāvacarabhāvato taṃbhūmikavohāraṃ na labhantīti <span class="bld">‘‘tatrūpapannāyevā’’</span>ti avadhāretvā vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Abhibhūvāre vuttanayena veditabbā</span> yathārahanti adhippāyo. Na hettha vaṇṇavantatādi sambhavatīti. <span class="bld">Pajāpativāre</span> <span class="bld">vuttanayenā</span>ti <a name="M1.0086"></a> ettha ‘‘ahamasmi arūpo pahīnarūpapaṭighasañño’’tiādinā mānamaññanā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="centered">Ākāsānañcāyatanavārādivaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Diṭṭhasutavārādivaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para5"></a><a name="para5_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">5</span>. Rūpamukhena maññanāvatthudassanaṃ saṅkhepoti katvā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vitthāratopī’’</span>ti. Tampi hi ‘‘yattha neva pathavī, na āpo, na tejo, na vāyo, na ākāsānañcāyatana’’ntiādiggahaṇaṃ viya saṅkhepato pañcavokārabhavadassanaṃ hotīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Diṭṭha</span>nti yaṃ cakkhudvārena katadassanakiriyāsamāpanaṃ, yañca cakkhu dvayaṃ passati passissati sati sambhave passeyya, taṃ sabbakālanti visesavacanicchāya abhāvato diṭṭhanteva vuttaṃ yathā ‘‘duddha’’nti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘rūpāyatanassetaṃ adhivacana’’</span>nti. Ayañca nayo <span class="bld">sutā</span>dīsupi yojetabbo. <span class="bld">Sattā</span>ti rūpādīsu sattā visattāti sattā. Sañjanaṭṭhena sāmaññasaddopi cesa satta-saddo ‘‘itthirūpe’’ti visayavisesitattā idha purisavācako daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Rattā</span>ti vatthaṃ viya raṅgajātena cittassa vipariṇāmakārakena chandarāgena rattā sārattā. <span class="bld">Giddhā</span>ti abhikaṅkhanasabhāvena abhigijjhanena giddhā gedhaṃ āpannā. <span class="bld">Gadhitā</span>ti ganthitā viya lobhena dummocanīyabhāvena ārammaṇe paṭibaddhā. <span class="bld">Mucchitā</span>ti kilesavasena visaññībhūtā viya anaññakiccā mucchaṃ mohaṃ āpannā. <span class="bld">Ajjhosannā</span>ti visaye aññasādhāraṇe viya katvā gilitvā pariniṭṭhāpetvā viya ṭhitā. <span class="bld">Iminā</span>ti suvaṇṇavaṇṇādiākārena. <span class="bld">Maṅgalaṃ amaṅgala</span>nti īdisaṃ diṭṭhaṃ maṅgalaṃ, īdisaṃ amaṅgalanti<a name="V1.0077"></a>. <span class="bld">Rūpasmiṃ attānaṃ samanupassananayenā</span>ti idaṃ vedanādiarūpadhamme, rūpāyatanavinimuttasabbadhamme vā attato gahetvā tato ajjhattikaṃ, bāhiraṃ vā rūpāyatanaṃ tassokāsabhāvena parikappetvā ‘‘so kho pana me ayaṃ attā imasmiṃ rūpāyatane’’ti maññanto diṭṭhasmiṃ maññatīti imaṃ nayaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. ‘‘Pathavito maññatī’’tiādīsu yathā ‘‘saupakaraṇassa attano vā parassa <a name="M1.0087"></a> vā’’tiādimaññanāpavatti dassitā, evaṃ ‘‘diṭṭhato maññatī’’tiādīsu sakkā taṃ dassetunti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tesaṃ pathavīvāre vuttanayeneva veditabba’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āhaccā</span>ti visayaṃ anvāya, patvāti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘upagantvā’’ti. Aññamaññasaṃsilese</span>ti cakkhurūpasotasaddā viya dure ahutvā aññamaññaṃ alliyane.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Manasā viññātaṃ</span> kevalanti attho. Itarānipi hi manasā viññāyantīti. Sesehi sattahi āyatanehi paññattiyā asaṅgahitattā tampi saṅgahetvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘dhammārammaṇassa vā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Dvīsupi vikappesu lokuttarānampi saṅgaho āpannoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘idha pana sakkāyapariyāpannameva labbhatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Vitthāro</span>ti maññanānaṃ pavattanākāravitthāro. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti etesu sutavārādīsu.</p>
<p class="centered">Diṭṭhasutavārādivaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Ekattavārādivaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para6"></a><a name="para6_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">6</span>. <span class="bld">Samāpannakavārenā</span>ti samāpannakappavattiyā, rūpāvacarārūpāvacarajhānappavattiyāti attho. Sā hi ekasmiṃyeva ārammaṇe ekākārena pavattatīti katvā ‘‘ekatta’’nti vuccati, evañca katvā vipākajjhānappavattipi idha samāpannakavāraggahaṇeneva gahitāti daṭṭhabbā. <span class="bld">Asamāpannakavārenā</span>ti kāmāvacaradhammappavattiyā. Upacārajjhānenapi hi cittaṃ na sammā <span class="bld">ekattaṃ</span> gatanti vuccatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yojanā</span>ti maññanāyojanā. <span class="bld">Bhinditvā</span>ti vibhajitvā. <span class="bld">Sāsananayenā</span>ti pāḷinayena. Tattha ‘‘ekattaṃ maññatī’’tiādīsu ‘‘vedanaṃ attato samanupassatī’’tiādinā nayena, ‘‘nānattaṃ maññatī’’tiādīsu <a name="V1.0078"></a> pana ‘‘rūpaṃ attato samanupassatī’’tiādinā nayena vuttavidhiṃ anugantvā maññanā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pathavīvārādīsu vuttena ca aṭṭhakathānayenā</span>ti ‘‘ahaṃ vedanāti maññati, mama vedanāti maññatī’’tiādinā, ‘‘ahaṃ rūpanti maññati, mama rūpanti maññatī’’tiādinā cāti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yathānurūpaṃ</span> <a name="M1.0088"></a> <span class="bld">vīmaṃsitvā’’</span>ti, ekattanānattabhāvesu yo yojanānayo sambhavati, tadanurūpaṃ vicāretvāti attho. <span class="bld">Kecī</span>ti abhayagirivāsino. <span class="bld">Apare</span>ti sārasamāsācariyā. Diṭṭhābhinivesaṃ vadantīti sambandho. Puthujjanassa maññanā nāma sakkāyaṃ bhinditvāva yathāupaṭṭhitavisayavaseneva pavattatīti na tattha ayamekattanayo ayaṃ nānattanayoti vibhāgavaseneva, ekattasaññī attā hotītiādīsu ca attano ekattanānattasaññitā vuttā, na pana ekattaṃ nānattanti evaṃ pavattassa diṭṭhābhinivesassa ekattanānattabhāvoti evamettha tadubhayassa idha anadhippetabhāvo daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yaṃ yathāvuttaputhujjano anavasesato gaṇhanto gahetuṃ sakkoti, taṃ tassa anavasesato gahetabbataṃ upādāya <span class="bld">‘‘sabba’’</span>nti vuccatīti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘tamevā’’</span>ti āha, sakkāyasabbanti attho. Sabbasmimpi tebhūmakadhamme ādīnavadassane asati nibbidābhāvato assādānupassanāya taṇhā vaḍḍhatevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbaṃ assādento sabbaṃ taṇhāmaññanāya maññatī’’</span>ti. Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā – ‘‘saṃyojaniyesu, bhikkhave, dhammesu assādānupassino viharato taṇhā pavaḍḍhatī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 2.53, 57). ‘‘Sabbamidaṃ mayā nimmita’’nti tena nimmitamaññanāya attānaṃ seyyādito dahanto tena mānena nimmitaṃ maññatiyeva nāma nimmitamaññanāya vinā tathāmānuppattiyā abhāvatoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘attanā nimmitaṃ maññanto sabbaṃ mānamaññanāya maññatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sabbaṃ natthītiādinā nayenā</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena niyativādādike saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Mahā me attā</span>ti iminā sabbato attano vibhūtipavattivādaṃ dasseti. ‘‘Sabbaṃ sabbatthaka’’nti diṭṭhivasena – ‘‘ahaṃ sabbasmiṃ mayhaṃ kiñcanaṃ palibodho sabbasmiṃ, paro sabbasmiṃ parassa kiñcanaṃ palibodho sabbasmi’’ntiādinā nayenapettha maññanā sambhavatīti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘sesaṃ pathavīvāre vuttanayena veditabba’’</span>nti. Apica ‘‘sabboyaṃ loko purisamayo’’ti evaṃdiṭṭhiko purisasaṅkhātato sabbato, attano uppattiṃ vā niggamanaṃ vā maññanto diṭṭhimaññanāya sabbato maññati, tasmiṃyeva pana diṭṭhimaññanāya maññite vatthusmiṃ sinehaṃ mānañca uppādayato taṇhāmaññanā mānamaññanā ca veditabbā. Taṃyeva pana sabbaṃ mayhaṃ attā kattā <a name="V1.0079"></a> sāmīti vā maññanto ‘‘sabbaṃ <a name="M1.0089"></a> me’’ti maññati, tathāyaṃ diṭṭhitaṇhābhinandanāhi abhinandanto sabbaṃ abhinandatīti evampettha maññanānaṃ pavatti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ta</span>nti sakkāyaṃ. Ukkaṃsagatasukhasahitañhi khandhapañcakaṃ diṭṭhadhammanibbānavādī nibbānanti maññati, taṃ panatthato sakkāyoyevāti. <span class="bld">Ekadhā</span>ti pañcavidhampi nibbānabhāvena ekajjhaṃ katvā vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Yato</span>ti yasmā. <span class="bld">Pañcahi kāmaguṇehī</span>ti manāpiyarūpādīhi pañcahi kāmakoṭṭhāsehi, bandhanehi vā. <span class="bld">Samappito</span> suṭṭhu appito allīno hutvā ṭhito. <span class="bld">Samaṅgibhūto</span>ti samannāgato. <span class="bld">Paricāretī</span>ti tesu kāmaguṇesu kāmakoṭṭhāsesu yathāsukhaṃ indriyāni cāreti sañcāreti ito cito ca upaneti. Atha vā laḷati ramati kīḷati. Ettha dvidhā kāmaguṇā mānusakā ceva dibbā ca. Mānusakā ca mandhātukāmaguṇasadisā, dibbā paranimmitavasavattidevarājassa kāmaguṇasadisā. Evarūpe kāme upagatānañhi te diṭṭhadhammanibbānasampattiṃ paññapenti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ettāvatā kho…pe… hotī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhadhammo</span>ti paccakkhadhammo vuccati, tattha tattha paṭiladdhattabhāvassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ, diṭṭhadhamme nibbānaṃ imasmiṃyeva attabhāve dukkhavūpasamanaṃ diṭṭhadhammanibbānaṃ. Paramaṃ uttamaṃ diṭṭhadhammanibbānanti <span class="bld">paramadiṭṭhadhammanibbānaṃ,</span> taṃ patto hotīti attho. <span class="bld">Pañcadhā āgata</span>nti yathāvuttakāmaguṇasukhassa ceva catubbidharūpāvacarajjhānasukhassa ca vasena pāḷiyaṃ pañcappakārena āgataṃ. <span class="bld">Nibbānaṃ assādento</span>ti paramaṃ sukhaṃ nissaraṇanti maññanāya assādento.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Imasmiṃ nibbāne patte na jāyati, na jīrati, na mīyatī’’ti evampi <span class="bld">nibbānasmiṃ maññati</span>. ‘‘Ito paraṃ paramassāsabhūtaṃ natthī’’ti gaṇhanto <span class="bld">nibbānato maññati</span>. Tayidaṃ nibbānaṃ mayā adhigataṃ, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘nibbānaṃ me’’</span>ti <span class="bld">maññati</span>. Tatoyeva taṃ nibbānaṃ diṭṭhābhinandanāya abhinandati. Ayaṃ tāvettha <span class="bld">diṭṭhimaññanā</span>. Tasmiṃyeva pana diṭṭhimaññanāya maññite vatthusmiṃ sinehaṃ mānañca uppādayato <span class="bld">taṇhāmānamaññanāpi</span> niddhāretabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yādiso</span>ti yathārūpo, yehi jegucchādisabhāvehi passitabboti attho. <span class="bld">Esā</span>ti ayaṃ. Tenassa attano suṇantānañca paccakkhasiddhatamāha. Asubhādisabhāvena saha vijjamānānaṃ rūpādidhammānaṃ kāyo samūhoti <span class="bld">sakkāyo,</span> upādānakkhandhā. <span class="bld">Tathā</span>ti tassa bhāvabhūtena paṭikūlatādippakārena. <span class="bld">Sabbamaññanā</span>ti pathavīādike sarūpāvadhāraṇādivibhāgabhinne <a name="M1.0090"></a> visaye pavattiyā anekavihitā sabbā taṇhāmaññanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Jeguccho</span>ti <a name="V1.0080"></a> jigucchanīyo. Tenassa asubhājaññaduggandhapaṭikūlabhāvaṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Siduro</span>ti khaṇe khaṇe bhijjanasabhāvo. Tenassa aniccaaddhuvakhayavayapabhaṅgurasabhāvaṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Aya</span>nti sakkāyo. <span class="bld">Dukkho</span>ti na sukho. Tenassa kicchakasirābādhadukkhavuttitaṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Apariṇāyako</span>ti pariṇāyakarahito. Tenassa attasuññaasāravuttitaṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti sakkāyaṃ. <span class="bld">Paccanīkato</span>ti sabhāvapaṭipakkhato, subhaniccasukhaattāditoti attho. <span class="bld">Gaṇha</span>nti gaṇhanto, tattha subhādigāhavasena abhinivisantoti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni tissopi maññanā upamāhi vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘subhato’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha yathā mahāpariḷāhe vipulānatthāvahe ca aggimhi salabhassa patanaṃ subhasukhasaññāya, evaṃ tādise sakkāye salabhassa taṇhāmaññanāti imamatthaṃ dasseti <span class="bld">‘‘subhato…pe… taṇhāya maññanā’’</span>ti iminā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Gūthādī kīṭako gūtharāsiṃ laddhā asampannepi tasmiṃ sampannākāraṃ pavattayamāno attānaṃ ukkaṃseti, evamanekādīnave ekantabhedini sakkāye niccasaññaṃ upaṭṭhapetvā sampattimadena tattha bālo mānaṃ jappetīti imamatthamāha <span class="bld">‘‘niccasaññaṃ…pe… mānena maññanā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā bālo muddhadhātuko sammūḷho koci ādāse attano paṭibimbaṃ disvā ‘‘ayaṃ maññe ādāsasāmiko, yadi ahamimaṃ gahetvā tiṭṭheyyaṃ, anatthampi me kareyyā’’ti chaḍḍetvā palāyanto tattha avijjamānameva kiñci vijjamānaṃ katvā gaṇhi, tathūpamo ayaṃ bālo sakkāye attattaniyagāhaṃ gaṇhantoti imamatthaṃ dīpeti <span class="bld">‘‘attā…pe… diṭṭhiyā hoti maññanā’’</span>ti iminā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sukhumaṃ mārabandhanaṃ</span> vepacittibandhanatopi sukhumatarattā. Tenāha bhagavā ‘‘aho sukhumataraṃ kho, bhikkhave, mārabandhana’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bahu</span>nti ativiya, anekakkhattuṃ vā. <span class="bld">Vipphandamānopi sakkāyaṃ nātivattati</span> saṃsāraṃ nātivattanato. Yathāha ‘‘ye te, bhikkhave, samaṇā sato sattassa ucchedaṃ vināsaṃ vibhavaṃ paññapenti, te, sakkāyaṃyeva anuparidhāvanti seyyathāpi sā gaddulabandhano’’tiādi. Yathā hi sattasupi <a name="M1.0091"></a> ucchedavikappesu saṃsāranāyikānaṃ taṇhādiṭṭhīnaṃ pahānaṃ sambhavati, evaṃ sassatavikappesupīti <a name="V1.0081"></a> kathañci pana diṭṭhigatikassa bhavavippamokkho. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘sakkāyaṃ nātivattatī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saso</span>ti so eso puthujjano. <span class="bld">Nicca</span>nti sabbakālaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ta</span>nti tasmā sakkāyamalīnassa jātiyādīnamanativattanato. <span class="bld">Asātato</span>ti dukkhato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Passaṃ evamima</span>nti asubhāniccadukkhānattasabhāvaṃ taṃ sakkāyaṃ vuttappakārena yathābhūtavipassanāpaññāsahitāya maggapaññāya passanto. <span class="bld">Pahāyā</span>ti samucchedavasena sabbā maññanāyo pajahitvā. <span class="bld">Sabbadukkhā pamuccatī</span>ti sakalasmāpi vaṭṭadukkhato pamuccatīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Ekattavārādivaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Paṭhamanayavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Sekkhavāradutiyanayavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para7"></a><a name="para7_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">7</span>. Adhippetassa atthassa aniyametvā vacanaṃ <span class="bld">uddeso,</span> niyametvā vacanaṃ <span class="bld">niddeso</span>ti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yoti uddesavacanaṃ, soti niddesavacana’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Sampiṇḍanattho</span>ti samuccayattho. Sampiṇḍanañca sabhāgatāvasena hotīti āha – <span class="bld">‘‘ārammaṇasabhāgenā’’</span>ti, ārammaṇassa sabhāgatāya sadisatāyāti attho. <span class="bld">Sekkhaṃ dasseti</span> sāmaññajotanāya visese avaṭṭhānato, sekkhavisayattā ca tassa vacanassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kenaṭṭhenā</span>ti yasmā ñāṇena araṇīyato attho sabhāvo, tasmā kenaṭṭhena kena sabhāvena kena lakkhaṇena sekkho nāma hotīti attho. Yasmā pana sekkhadhammādhigamena puggale sekkhavohārappavatti, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘sekkhadhammapaṭilābhato sekkho’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sekkhadhammā</span> nāma catūsu maggesu, heṭṭhimesu ca tīsu phalesu sammādiṭṭhiādayo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sekkhāya sammādiṭṭhiyā…pe… ettāvatā kho bhikkhu sekkho hotī’’</span>ti. Evaṃ abhidhammapariyāyena sekkhalakkhaṇaṃ dassetvā <a name="M1.0092"></a> idāni suttantikapariyāyenapi taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘apicā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">sikkhatī</span>ti iminā sikkhāttayasamaṅgī apariniṭṭhitasikkho sekkhoti dasseti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sikkhatī’’</span>tiādi<a name="V1.0082"></a>. Sikkhāhi niccasamāyogadīpanatthañcettha ‘‘sikkhati sikkhatī’’ti āmeḍitavacanaṃ. Atha vā sikkhanaṃ sikkhā, sā etassa sīlanti <span class="bld">sekkho</span>. So hi apariyositasikkhattā tadadhimuttattā ca ekantena sikkhanasīlo, na asekkho viya pariniṭṭhitasikkho tattha paṭippassaddhussukko, nāpi vissaṭṭhasikkho pacurajano viya tattha anadhimutto. Atha vā ariyāya jātiyā tīsu sikkhāsu jāto, tattha vā bhavoti <span class="bld">sekkho</span>. Atha vā ikkhati etāyāti ikkhā, maggaphalasammādiṭṭhi. Saha ikkhāyāti <span class="bld">sekkho</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anulomapaṭipadāya paripūrakārī</span>ti yā sā sīlādikā vipassanantā dukkhanirodhagāminiyā lokuttarāya paṭipadāya anulomanato anulomapaṭipadā, tassā sampādanena paripūrakārīti. Idāni taṃ paṭipadaṃ puggalādhiṭṭhānena dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sīlasampanno’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">sīlasampanno</span>ti pātimokkhasaṃvarasīlena samannāgato, paripuṇṇapātimokkhasīlo vā. Pātimokkhasīlañhi idha ‘‘sīla’’nti adhippetaṃ padhānabhāvato. Rūpādiārammaṇesu abhijjhādīnaṃ pavattinivāraṇasaṅkhātena manacchaṭṭhānaṃ indriyānaṃ pidhānena <span class="bld">indriyesu guttadvāro</span>. Pariyesanādivasena bhojane pamāṇajānanena <span class="bld">bhojane mattaññū</span>. Vigatathinamiddho hutvā rattindivaṃ kammaṭṭhānamanasikāre yuttatāya <span class="bld">jāgariyānuyogamanuyutto</span>. Kathaṃ pana jāgariyānuyogo hotīti taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pubbarattā…pe… viharatī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Yathāha ‘‘kathañca pubbarattāpararattaṃ jāgariyānuyogamanuyutto hoti? Idha bhikkhu divasaṃ caṅkamena nisajjāya āvaraṇīyehi cittaṃ parisodheti, rattiyā paṭhamaṃ yāmaṃ caṅkamena…pe… sodheti, evaṃ kho bhikkhu pubbarattāpararattaṃ jāgariyānuyogamanuyutto hotī’’ti (vibha. 519). <span class="bld">Imasmiṃ panatthe</span>ti ‘‘maññati, na maññatī’’ti ca vattabbabhāvasaṅkhāte atthe. <span class="bld">No puthujjano adhippeto</span> ‘‘appattamānaso, anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ patthayamāno’’ti ca vuttattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sampayuttattā manasi bhavoti rāgo mānaso, mano eva mānasanti katvā cittaṃ <span class="bld">mānasaṃ,</span> anavasesato mānaṃ sīyati samucchindatīti aggamaggo <a name="M1.0093"></a> <span class="bld">mānasaṃ,</span> tannibbattattā pana arahattassa mānasatā daṭṭhabbā. <span class="bld">Janesutā</span>ti jane sakalasattaloke vissutā, patthaṭayasāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Natthi ito uttaranti <span class="bld">anuttaraṃ</span>. Taṃ pana sabbaseṭṭhaṃ hontaṃ ekantato sadisarahitameva hoti, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘anuttaranti seṭṭhaṃ,</span> <span class="bld">asadisanti attho’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Patthayamānassā</span>ti taṇhāyantassa. <span class="bld">Pajappitānī</span>ti mānajappanāni. Yasmiñhi vatthusmiṃ taṇhāyanā patthayamānamaññanā sambhavati, tasmiṃyeva ‘‘seyyohamasmī’’tiādīni pajappitāni sambhavantīti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Pavedhīta</span>nti parivāsitaṃ. <span class="bld">Pakappitesū</span>ti taṇhādiṭṭhikappehi parikappitesu ārammaṇesu. <span class="bld">Sota</span>nti kilesasotaṃ<a name="V1.0083"></a>. Tasmiñhi chinne itarasotaṃ chinnamevāti. <span class="bld">Viddhasta</span>nti vināsitaṃ. Tañca kho lomahaṃsamattampi asesetvāti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘vinaḷīkata’’</span>nti, vigatāvasesaṃ katanti attho. Adhimuttiyā idhādhippetapatthanā pākaṭā hotīti <span class="bld">‘‘tanninno’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ, na pana kusalacchandassa adhimuttibhāvato. <span class="bld">Adhimuccanto</span>ti okappento.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbākāraviparītāyā</span>ti ‘‘subhaṃ sukhaṃ nicca’’ntiādīnaṃ sabbesaṃ attanā gahetabbākārānaṃ vasena tabbiparītatāya, anavasesato dhammasabhāvaviparītākāragāhiniyāti attho. <span class="bld">Abhivisiṭṭhena ñāṇenā</span>ti asampajānanamicchājānanāni viya na dhammasabhāvaṃ appatvā nāpi atikkamitvā, atha kho avirajjhitvā dhammasabhāvassa abhimukhabhāvappattiyā abhivisiṭṭhena ñāṇena, ñātapariññādhiṭṭhānāya tīraṇapariññāya pahānapariññekadesena cāti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘pathavīti…pe… vuttaṃ hotī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Pathavībhāva</span>nti pathaviyaṃ abhiññeyyabhāvaṃ. Lakkhaṇapathavī hi idhādhippetā, pariññeyyabhāvo panassā <span class="bld">‘‘aniccātipī’’</span>tiādinā gahitoti. <span class="bld">Abhiññatvā</span>ti ñātatīraṇapahānapariññāhi heṭṭhimamaggañāṇehi ca abhijānitvā. <span class="bld">Māmaññī</span>ti appahīnānaṃ maññanānaṃ vasena māti maññatīti mā, pahīnānaṃ pana vasena na maññatīti amaññī, mā ca so amaññī ca māmaññīti evamettha padavibhāgato attho veditabbo. Tattha yena bhāgena amaññī, tena maññīti na vattabbo. Yena pana bhāgena maññī, tena amaññīti na vattabboti. Evaṃ paṭikkhepappadhānaṃ atthaṃ dassetuṃ aṭṭhakathāyaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘maññī ca na maññī ca na vattabbo’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Paṭikkhepappadhānatā cettha <a name="M1.0094"></a> labbhamānānampi maññanānaṃ dubbalabhāvato veditabbā. Tenevāha – <span class="bld">‘‘itarā pana tanubhāvaṃ gatā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Mā</span>ti ca nipātapadametaṃ, anekatthā ca nipātāti adhippāyena <span class="bld">‘‘etasmiñhi atthe imaṃ padaṃ nipātetvā vutta’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Nipātetvā</span>ti ca pakatiādivibhāganiddhāraṇe anumānanayaṃ muñcitvā yathāvutte atthe paccakkhatova dassetvāti attho. <span class="bld">Puthujjano viyā</span>ti etenassa uparimaggavajjhataṇhāmānavasena maññanā na paṭikkhittāti dīpeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha vā <span class="bld">mā maññī</span>ti parikappakiriyāpaṭikkhepavacanametaṃ ‘‘mā randhayuṃ, mā jīrī’’tiādīsu viya, na maññeyyāti vuttañhoti. Yathā hi puthujjano sabbaso appahīnamaññanattā ‘‘maññati’’cceva vattabbo, yathā ca khīṇāsavo sabbaso pahīnamaññanattā na maññati eva, na evaṃ sekkho. Tassa hi ekaccā maññanā pahīnā, ekaccā appahīnā, tasmā ubhayabhāvato ubhayathāpi na vattabbo. Nanu ca ubhayabhāvato ubhayathāpi vattabboti? Na. Yā hi appahīnā, tāpissa tanubhāvaṃ gatāti tāhipi so na maññeyya vibhūtatarāya <a name="V1.0084"></a> maññanāya abhāvato, pageva itarāhi. Tenāha bhagavā ‘‘mā maññī’’ti. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘mā maññīti parikappakiriyāpaṭikkhepavacanametaṃ ‘mā randhayuṃ, mā jīrī’tiādīsu viya, na maññeyyāti vuttaṃ hotī’’ti. Ayañcassa amaññanā vatthuno pariññeyyattā, na asekkhassa viya pariññātattā. Yañhi ekantato parijānitabbaṃ parijānituṃ sakkā, na tattha tabbidhure viya puthujjanassa maññanā sambhavanti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘pariññeyyaṃ tassāti vadāmī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Okkantaniyāmattā</span>ti anupaviṭṭhasammattaniyāmattā, otiṇṇamaggasotattāti attho. <span class="bld">Sambodhiparāyaṇattā</span>ti uparimaggasambodhipaṭisaraṇattā, tadadhigamāya ninnapoṇapabbhārabhāvatoti attho. Ubhayenapi tassa avassaṃbhāvinī sesapariññāti dasseti. <span class="bld">Pariññeyya</span>nti parijānitabbabhāvena ṭhitaṃ, pariññātuṃ vā sakkuṇeyyaṃ. Tappaṭipakkhato <span class="bld">apariññeyyaṃ</span>. <span class="bld">Puthujjanassa viyā</span>ti etena idhādhippetaputhujjanassa pariññeyyabhāvāsaṅkā eva natthi anadhikāratoti dasseti. <span class="bld">‘‘Mābhinandī’’</span>ti etthāpi imināva nayena attho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="centered">Sekkhavāradutiyanayavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Khīṇāsavavāratatiyādinayavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para8"></a><a name="para8_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">8</span>. <span class="bld">Sabhāgo</span> <a name="M1.0095"></a> diṭṭhasaccatādisāmaññena. Ārakā kilesehi arahanti padassa niruttinayena atthaṃ vatvā taṃ pāḷiyā samānento <span class="bld">‘‘vuttañceta’’</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">pāpakā</span>ti lāmakaṭṭhena duggatisampāpanaṭṭhena ca pāpakā. Sāvajjaṭṭhena akosallasambhūtaṭṭhena ca <span class="bld">akusalā</span>. Saṃkilesaṃ arahanti, tattha vā niyuttāti <span class="bld">saṃkilesikā</span>. Punabbhavassa karaṇasīlā, punabbhavaphalaṃ arahantīti vā <span class="bld">ponobhavikā</span>. Saha darathena pariḷāhena pavattantīti <span class="bld">sadarā</span>. Dukkho kaṭuko, dukkhamo vā vipāko etesanti <span class="bld">dukkhavipākā</span>. Anāgate jātiyā ceva jarāmaraṇānañca vaḍḍhanena <span class="bld">jātijarāmaraṇiyā</span>ti. Evametesaṃ padānaṃ attho veditabbo. Kāmañcāyaṃ suttantavaṇṇanā, abhidhammanayo pana nippariyāyoti tena dassento <span class="bld">‘‘cattāro āsavā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Samucchinnā paṭippassaddhā</span>ti na kevalaṃ samucchinnā eva, atha kho paṭippassaddhāpīti maggakiccena sadisaṃ phalakiccampi niddhāreti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sīlavisodhanādinā <a name="V1.0085"></a> garūnaṃ paṭipattiyā anukaraṇaṃ <span class="bld">garusaṃvāso</span>. Ariyamaggapaṭipatti eva <span class="bld">ariyamaggasaṃvāso</span>. <span class="bld">Dasa ariyāvāsā</span> nāma pañcaṅgavippahīnatādayo. Ye sandhāya vuttaṃ –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Dasayime, bhikkhave, ariyāvāsā, ye ariyā āvasiṃsu vā āvasanti vā āvasissanti vā. Katame dasa? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu pañcaṅgavippahīno hoti chaḷaṅgasamannāgato, ekārakkho, caturāpasseno, panuṇṇapaccekasacco, samavayasaṭṭhesano, anāvilasaṅkappo, passaddhakāyasaṅkhāro, suvimuttacitto, suvimuttapañño. Ime kho, bhikkhave, dasa ariyāvāsā’’ti (a. ni. 10.19).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vussatīti vā vusitaṃ, ariyamaggo, ariyaphalañca, taṃ etassa atthīti atisayavacanicchāvasena arahā <span class="bld">‘‘vusitavā’’</span>ti vutto. <span class="bld">Karaṇīya</span>nti pariññāpahānabhāvanāsacchikiriyamāha. Taṃ pana yasmā catūhi maggehi catūsu saccesu kattabbattā soḷasavidhanti veditabbaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘catūhi maggehi</span> <a name="M1.0096"></a> <span class="bld">karaṇīya’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Sammāvimuttassā</span>ti aggamaggaphalapaññāhi samucchedapaṭippassaddhīnaṃ vasena suṭṭhu vimuttassa. <span class="bld">Santacittassā</span>ti tato eva sabbakilesadarathapariḷāhānaṃ vūpasantacittassa. Bhinnakilesassa khīṇāsavassa <span class="bld">bhikkhuno</span>. <span class="bld">Katassa</span> pariññādikiccassa <span class="bld">paṭicayo</span> puna karaṇaṃ <span class="bld">natthi,</span> tato eva <span class="bld">karaṇīyaṃ na vijjati</span> na upalabbhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhārā</span>ti osīdāpanaṭṭhena bhārā viyāti bhārā. Vuttañhi ‘‘bhārā have pañcakkhandhā’’tiādi (saṃ. ni. 3.22). Attano yonisomanasikārāyattanti <span class="bld">attupanibandhaṃ,</span> sasantānapariyāpannattā attānaṃ <span class="bld">avijahanaṃ</span>. Tayidaṃ yadipi sabbasmiṃ anavajjadhamme sambhavati, akuppasabhāvāparihānadhammesu pana aggabhūte arahatte sātisayaṃ, netaresūti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘attano paramatthaṭṭhena vā’’</span>ti, uttamaṭṭhabhāvenāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Suttantanayo nāma pariyāyanayoti nippariyāyanayena saṃyojanāni dassento <span class="bld">‘‘bhavarāgaissāmacchariyasaṃyojana’’</span>nti āha, na pana ‘‘rūparāgo’’tiādinā. <span class="bld">Bhavesu saṃyojantī</span>ti kilesakammavipākavaṭṭānaṃ paccayo hutvā nissarituṃ appadānavasena bandhanti. Satipi hi aññesaṃ tappaccayabhāve na vinā saṃyojanāni tesaṃ tappaccayabhāvo atthi, orambhāgiyauddhambhāgiyasaṅgahitehi ca tehi taṃtaṃbhavanibbattakakammaniyamo bhavaniyamo ca hoti<a name="V1.0086"></a>, na ca upacchinnasaṃyojanassa katānipi kammāni bhavaṃ nibbattentīti tesaṃyeva saṃyojanaṭṭho daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sammā aññāyāti</span> ājānanabhūtāya aggamaggapaññāya sammā yathābhūtaṃ dukkhādīsu yo yathā jānitabbo, taṃ tathā jānitvā. <span class="bld">Cittavimutti</span> sabbassa cittasaṃkilesassa vissaggo. <span class="bld">Nibbānādhimutti</span> nibbāne adhimuccanaṃ tattha ninnapoṇapabbhāratā. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti pathavīādikaṃ. <span class="bld">Pariññātaṃ,</span> na puthujjanassa viya apariññātaṃ, sekkhassa viya pariññeyyaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti pariññātattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Catutthapañcamachaṭṭhavārā tattha tattha kilesanibbānakittanavasena pavattattā <span class="bld">nibbānavārā</span> nāma. Tattha pathavīādīnaṃ pariññātattā amaññanā, sā pana pariññā rāgādīnaṃ khayena siddhāti imassa atthassa dīpanavasena pāḷi pavattāti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘pariññātaṃ tassāti sabbapadehi yojetvā</span> <span class="bld">puna</span> <a name="M1.0097"></a> <span class="bld">khayā rāgassa vītarāgattāti yojetabbaṃ</span>. <span class="bld">Esa nayo itaresū’’</span>ti āha. Tattha <span class="bld">itaresū</span>ti pañcamachaṭṭhavāresu. Yadi evaṃ kasmā pāḷi evaṃ na dissatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘desanā pana ekattha vuttaṃ sabbattha vuttameva hotīti saṃkhittā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na khayā rāgassa vītarāgo</span> sabbaso appahīnarāgattā. Vikkhambhitarāgo hi soti. <span class="bld">Bāhiraka</span>ggahaṇañcettha tathābhāvasseva tesu labbhanato, na tesu eva tathābhāvassa labbhanato. Idāni yā sā ‘‘pariññātaṃ tassā’’ti sabbapadehi yojanā vuttā, taṃ vināpi nibbānavāraatthayojanaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yathā cā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">maññanaṃ na maññatī</span>ti maññanā nappavattatīti attho. Maññanāya maññitabbattepi tassā vatthuantogadhattāti evamettha attho daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadipi pariññātapadaṃ aggahetvā nibbānavāradesanā pavattā, evampi ‘‘khayā’’tiādipadehi pariññāsiddhi eva pakāsīyatīti ko tesaṃ visesoti codanaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘ettha cā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Maggabhāvanāpāripūridassanatthaṃ vutto,</span> maggakiccantā hi pariññāyoti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Itare…pe… veditabbā</span> vītarāgādikittanatoti. <span class="bld">Dvīhi vā kāraṇehī</span>ti yathāvuttakāraṇadvayena. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti khīṇāsavassa. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ viseso</span>ti idāni vuccamāno viseso. Yadipi khīṇāsavo ekantena vītarāgo vītadoso vītamoho eva ca hoti, yāya pana pubbabhāgapaṭipadāya vītarāgatādayo savisesāti vattabbataṃ labhanti, taṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘tīsu hī’’</span>tiādimāha<a name="V1.0087"></a>. ‘‘Ratto atthaṃ na jānātī’’tiādinā (netti. 11) rāge ādīnavaṃ passato ‘‘rāgo ca nāma sukhābhisaṅgena uppajjati, sukhañca vipariṇāmato dukkhaṃ. Pageva itara’’nti sahetuke rāge ādīnavadassanaṃ dukkhānupassanāya nimittaṃ, dukkhānupassanā ca paṇidhiyā paṭipakkhabhāvato appaṇihitavimokkhaṃ paripuretīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘rāge…pe… vītarāgo hotī’’</span>ti. Tathā ‘‘duṭṭho atthaṃ na jānātī’’tiādinā (itivu. 88) dose ādīnavaṃ passato ‘‘doso ca nāma dukkhaṃ paṭicca uppajjati, tañca ubhayaṃ anavaṭṭhitaṃ ittaraṃ pabhaṅgū’’ti sahetuke dose ādīnavadassanaṃ aniccānupassanāya nimittaṃ, aniccānupassanā ca niccanimittādīnaṃ paṭipakkhabhāvato animittavimokkhaṃ paripūretīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘dose…pe… hotī’’</span>ti. Tathā ‘‘mūḷho <a name="M1.0098"></a> atthaṃ na jānātī’’tiādinā (itivu. 88) mohe ādīnavaṃ passato ‘‘moho nāma yathāsabhāvaggahaṇassa paribbhamanto’’ti mohassa vikkhambhanaṃ anattānupassanāya nimittaṃ, anattānupassanāya ca attābhinivesassa paṭipakkhabhāvato suññataṃ vimokkhaṃ paripūretīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘mohe…pe… vītamoho hotī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evaṃ sante</span>ti yadi vītarāgatādayo vimokkhavibhāgena vuttā, evaṃ sante. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā vimokkhamukhavimokkhānaṃ vasena niyametvā na vuttaṃ, tasmā. Yaṃ kiñci arahato sambhavantaṃ vibhajitvā vuccatīti vārattayadesanā katāti imamatthaṃ dasseti <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ arahato’’</span>tiādinā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ vimuttivibhāgena khīṇāsavassa vibhāgaṃ vārattayadesanānibandhanaṃ dassetvā idāni avibhāgenapi tattha pariññāvisayassa anusayavisayassa ca vibhāgaṃ tassa nibandhanaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘avisesenā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha upekkhāvedanā visesato saṅkhāradukkhaṃ sammohādhiṭṭhānanti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘saṅkhāra…pe… moho’’</span>ti. Sesaṃ vuttanayattā suviññeyyameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Khīṇāsavavāratatiyādinayavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Tathāgatavārasattamanayavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para12"></a><a name="para12_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">12</span>. Yehi (dī. ni. abhi. ṭī. 1.7.cūḷasīlavaṇṇanā; a. ni. ṭī. 1.1.170) guṇavisesehi nimittabhūtehi bhagavati ‘‘tathāgato’’ti ayaṃ samaññā pavattā, taṃ dassanatthaṃ <a name="V1.0088"></a> <span class="bld">‘‘aṭṭhahi kāraṇehi bhagavā tathāgato’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Guṇanemittakāneva hi bhagavato sabbāni nāmāni. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Asaṅkhyeyyāni nāmāni, saguṇena mahesino;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Guṇena nāmamuddheyyaṃ, api nāmasahassato’’ti. (dha. sa. aṭṭha. 1313; udā. aṭṭha. 53; paṭi. ma. aṭṭha. 1.76; dī. ni. abhi. ṭī. 1.7.cūḷasīlavaṇṇanā; a. ni. ṭī. 1.1.170) –</p>
<p class="unindented"><span class="bld">Tathā āgato</span>ti ettha ākāraniyamanavasena opammasampaṭipādanattho <span class="bld">tathā</span>-saddo. Sāmaññajotanā hi visese avatiṭṭhatīti paṭipādagamanattho <span class="bld">āgata</span>-saddo, na ñāṇagamanattho ‘‘tathalakkhaṇaṃ āgato’’tiādīsu <a name="M1.0099"></a> (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 1.7; ma. ni. aṭṭha. 1.12; saṃ. ni. aṭṭha. 2.3.78; a. ni. aṭṭha. 1.1.170; udā. aṭṭha. 18; itivu. aṭṭha. 38; theragā. aṭṭha. 1.1.3; bu. vaṃ. aṭṭha. 2.bāhiranidāna; mahāni. aṭṭha. 14) viya, nāpi kāyagamanādiattho ‘‘āgato kho mahāsamaṇo, māgadhānaṃ giribbaja’’ntiādīsu (mahāva. 63) viya. Tattha yadākāraniyamanavasena opammasampaṭipādanattho tathā-saddo, taṃ karuṇāppadhānattā mahākaruṇāmukhena purimabuddhānaṃ āgamanapaṭipadaṃ udāharaṇavasena sāmaññato dassento yaṃtaṃsaddānaṃ ekantasambandhabhāvato <span class="bld">‘‘yathā sabbaloka…pe… āgatā’’</span>ti sādhāraṇato vatvā puna taṃ paṭipadaṃ <span class="bld">mahāpadānasuttā</span>dīsu (dī. ni. 2.4) sambahulaniddesena supākaṭānaṃ āsannānañca vipassīādīnaṃ channaṃ sammāsambuddhānaṃ vasena dassento <span class="bld">‘‘yathā vipassī bhagavā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">yena abhinīhārenā</span>ti manussatta-liṅgasampatti-hetu-satthāradassana-pabbajjā-abhiññādiguṇasampatti-adhikāra-chandānaṃ vasena aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgatena kāyapaṇidhānamahāpaṇidhānena. Sabbesañhi sammāsambuddhānaṃ kāyapaṇidhānaṃ imināva nīhārena samijjhatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ mahābhinīhāravasena ‘‘tathāgato’’ti padassa atthaṃ vatvā idāni pāramīpūraṇavasena dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘atha vā yathā vipassī bhagavā…pe… yathā kassapo bhagavā dānapāramiṃ pūretvā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Imasmiṃ pana ṭhāne suttantikānaṃ mahābodhiyānapaṭipadāya kosallajananatthaṃ pāramīkathā vattabbā, sā pana sabbākārasampannā <span class="bld">cariyāpiṭakavaṇṇanāya</span> (cariyā. pakiṇṇakakathā) vitthārato niddiṭṭhā, tasmā atthikehi tattha vuttanayeneva veditabbā. Yathā <a name="V1.0089"></a> pana pubbe vipassīādayo sammāsambuddhā abhinīhārasampattiyaṃ patiṭṭhāya suvisuddhāya paṭipadāya anavasesato sammadeva sabbā pāramiyo paripūresuṃ, evaṃ amhākampi bhagavā paripūresīti imamatthaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘samattiṃ sapāramiyo pūretvā’’</span>ti. Satipi aṅgapariccāgādīnaṃ dānapāramibhāve pariccāgavisesabhāvadassanatthañceva sudukkarabhāvadassanatthañca <span class="bld">‘‘pañca mahāpariccāge’’</span>ti visuṃ gahaṇaṃ, tatoyeva ca aṅgapariccāgato visuṃ nayanapariccāgaggahaṇampi kataṃ, pariggahapariccāgabhāvasāmaññepi dhanarajjapariccāgato puttadārapariccāgaggahaṇañca kataṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Gatapaccāgatikavattapūraṇādikāya pubbabhāgapaṭipadāya saddhiṃ abhiññāsamāpattinipphādanaṃ <span class="bld">pubbayogo,</span> dānādīsuyeva sātisayapaṭipattinipphādanaṃ <span class="bld">pubbacariyā</span><a name="M1.0100"></a>, sā cariyāpiṭakasaṅgahitā. Abhinīhāro <span class="bld">pubbayogo,</span> dānādipaṭipatti, kāyavivekavasena ekacariyā vā <span class="bld">pubbacariyā</span>ti keci. Dānādīnañceva appicchatādīnañca saṃsāranibbānesu ādīnavānisaṃsānañca vibhāvanavasena sattānaṃ bodhittaye patiṭṭhāpanaparipācanavasena ca pavattā kathā <span class="bld">dhammakkhānaṃ,</span> ñātīnaṃ atthacariyā <span class="bld">ñātatthacariyā,</span> sāpi karuṇāya vaseneva. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena lokatthacariyādayo saṅgaṇhāti. Kammassakatañāṇavasena, anavajjakammāyatanasippāyatanavijjāṭṭhānaparicayavasena khandhāyatanādiparicayavasena, lakkhaṇattayatīraṇavasena ca ñāṇacāro <span class="bld">buddhicariyā,</span> sā pana atthato paññāpāramīyeva, ñāṇasambhāradassanatthaṃ visuṃ gahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Koṭī</span>ti pariyanto, ukkaṃsoti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Cattāro satipaṭṭhāne bhāvetvā brūhetvāti sambandho. Tattha <span class="bld">bhāvetvā</span>ti uppādetvā. <span class="bld">Brūhetvā</span>ti vaḍḍhetvā. <span class="bld">Satipaṭṭhānā</span>diggahaṇena āgamanapaṭipadaṃ matthakaṃ pāpetvā dasseti. Vipassanāsahagatā eva vā <span class="bld">satipaṭṭhānā</span>dayo daṭṭhabbā. Ettha ca ‘‘yena abhinīhārenā’’tiādinā āgamanapaṭipadāya ādiṃ dasseti, ‘‘dānapāramī’’tiādinā majjhaṃ, ‘‘cattāro satipaṭṭhāne’’tiādinā pariyosānanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sampatijāto</span>ti muhuttajāto manussānaṃ hatthato muttamatto, na mātukucchito nikkhantamatto. Nikkhantamattañhi mahāsattaṃ paṭhamaṃ brahmāno suvaṇṇajālena paṭiggaṇhiṃsu, tesaṃ hatthato cattāro mahārājāno ajinappaveṇiyā, tesaṃ hatthato manussā dukūlacumbaṭakena paṭiggaṇhiṃsu, manussānaṃ hatthato muccitvā pathaviyaṃ patiṭṭhitoti. <span class="bld">Yathāha</span> bhagavā mahāpadānadesanāyaṃ. <span class="bld">Setamhi chatte</span>ti dibbasetacchatte. <span class="bld">Anudhārīyamāne</span>ti dhārīyamāne. Ettha ca chattaggahaṇeneva khaggādīni pañca kakudhabhaṇṭānipi vuttānevāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Khaggatālavaṇṭamorahatthakavālabījanīuṇhīsapaṭṭāpi <a name="V1.0090"></a> hi chattena saha tadā upaṭṭhitā ahesuṃ, chattādīniyeva ca tadā paññāyiṃsu, na chattādiggāhakā. <span class="bld">Sabbā ca disā</span>ti dasapi disā. Nayidaṃ sabbadisāvilokanaṃ sattapadavītihāruttarakālaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Mahāsatto hi manussānaṃ hatthato muccitvā puratthimadisaṃ <a name="M1.0101"></a> olokesi. Tattha devamanussā gandhamālādīhi pūjayamānā ‘‘mahāpurisa idha tumhehi sadisopi natthi, kuto uttaritaro’’ti āhaṃsu. Evaṃ catasso disā, catasso anudisā; heṭṭhā, uparīti sabbā disā anuviloketvā sabbattha attanā sadisaṃ adisvā ‘‘ayaṃ uttarā disā’’ti tattha sattapadavītihārena agamāsi. <span class="bld">Āsabhi</span>nti uttamaṃ. <span class="bld">Aggo</span>ti sabbapaṭhamo. <span class="bld">Jeṭṭho seṭṭho</span>ti ca tasseva vevacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ayamantimā jāti, natthi dāni punabbhavo</span>ti imasmiṃ attabhāve pattabbaṃ arahattaṃ byākāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anekesaṃ visesādhigamānaṃ pubbanimittabhāvenā</span>ti saṃkhittena vuttamatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yañhī’’</span>tiādinā vitthārato dasseti. Tattha <span class="bld">etthā</span>ti –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Anekasākhañca sahassamaṇḍalaṃ,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Chattaṃ marū dhārayumantalikkhe;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Suvaṇṇadaṇḍā vītipatanti cāmarā,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Na dissare cāmarachattagāhakā’’ti. (su. ni. 693);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Imissā gāthāya. Sabbaññutaññāṇameva sabbattha appaṭihatacāratāya anāvaraṇañāṇanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbaññutānāvaraṇañāṇapaṭilābhassā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tathā ayaṃ bhagavāpi gato…pe… pubbanimittabhāvenā</span>ti etena abhijātiyaṃ dhammatāvasena uppajjanakavisesā sabbabodhisattānaṃ sādhāraṇāti dasseti. Pāramitānissandā hi teti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vikkamī</span>ti agamāsi. <span class="bld">Marū</span>ti devā. <span class="bld">Samā</span>ti vilokanasamatāya samā sadisiyo. Mahāpuriso hi yathā ekaṃ disaṃ vilokesi, evaṃ sesadisāpi, na katthaci vilokane vibandho tassa ahosīti. <span class="bld">Samā</span>ti vā viloketuṃ yuttā, visamarahitāti attho. Na hi tadā bodhisattassa virūpabībhacchavisamarūpāni viloketuṃ ayuttāni disāsu upaṭṭhahantīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ ‘‘tathā gato’’ti kāyagamanaṭṭhena gata-saddena tathāgata-saddaṃ niddisitvā idāni ñāṇagamanaṭṭhena taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘atha vā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">nekkhammenā</span>ti alobhappadhānena kusalacittuppādena<a name="V1.0091"></a>. Kusalā hi <a name="M1.0102"></a> dhammā idha nekkhammaṃ, na pabbajjādayo, ‘‘paṭhamajjhāna’’nti (dī. ni. abhi. ṭī. 1.7.cūḷasīlavaṇṇanā; a. ni. ṭī. 1.1.170) ca vadanti. <span class="bld">Pahāyā</span>ti pajahitvā. <span class="bld">Gato</span> adhigato, paṭipanno uttarivisesanti attho. <span class="bld">Pahāyā</span>ti vā pahānahetu, pahānalakkhaṇaṃ vā. Hetulakkhaṇattho hi ayaṃ pahāya-saddo. Kāmacchandādippahānahetukaṃ ‘‘gato’’ti hettha vuttaṃ gamanaṃ avabodho, paṭipatti eva vā kāmacchandādippahānena ca lakkhīyatīti. Esa nayo <span class="bld">padāletvā</span>tiādīsupi. <span class="bld">Abyāpādenā</span>ti mettāya. <span class="bld">Ālokasaññāyā</span>ti vibhūtaṃ katvā manasikaraṇena (dī. ni. abhi. ṭī. 1.7.cūḷasīlavaṇṇanā) upaṭṭhitaālokasañcānanena. <span class="bld">Avikkhepenā</span>ti samādhinā. <span class="bld">Dhammavavatthānenā</span>ti kusalādidhammānaṃ yāthāvanicchayena. ‘‘Sappaccayanāmarūpavavatthānenā’’tipi vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ kāmacchandādinīvaraṇappahānena ‘‘abhijjhaṃ loke pahāyā’’tiādinā (vibha. 508) vuttāya paṭhamajjhānassa pubbabhāgapaṭipadāya bhagavato tathāgatabhāvaṃ dassetvā idāni saha upāyena aṭṭhahi samāpattīhi aṭṭhārasahi ca mahāvipassanāhi taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ñāṇenā’’</span>tiādimāha. Nāmarūpapariggahakaṅkhāvitaraṇānañhi vinibandhabhūtassa mohassa dūrīkaraṇena ñātapariññāyaṃ ṭhitassa aniccasaññādayo sijjhanti, tathā jhānasamāpattīsu abhiratinimittena pāmojjena. Tattha ‘‘anabhiratiyā vinoditāya jhānādīnaṃ samadhigamo’’ti samāpattivipassanānaṃ arativinodanaavijjāpadālanādīni upāyo, uppaṭipāṭiniddeso pana nīvaraṇasabhāvāya avijjāya heṭṭhā nivaraṇesupi saṅgahadassanatthanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Samāpattivihārappavesavibandhanena nīvaraṇāni kavāṭasadisānīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘nīvaraṇakavāṭaṃ ugghāṭetvā’’</span>ti. ‘‘Rattiṃ anuvitakketvā anuvicāretvā divā kammante payojetī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.251) vuttaṭṭhāne vitakkavicārā dhūmāyanāti adhippetāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vitakkavicāradhūma’’</span>nti. Kiñcāpi paṭhamajjhānupacāreyeva dukkhaṃ, catutthajjhānupacāre ca sukhaṃ pahīyati, atisayappahānaṃ pana sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘catutthajjhānena sukhadukkhaṃ pahāyā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aniccassa, aniccanti ca anupassanā <span class="bld">aniccānupassanā,</span> tebhūmakadhammānaṃ aniccataṃ gahetvā pavattāya vipassanāyetaṃ nāmaṃ. <span class="bld">Niccasañña</span>nti saṅkhatadhammesu ‘‘niccā sassatā’’ti evaṃpavattamicchāsaññaṃ. Saññāsīsena diṭṭhicittānampi <a name="M1.0103"></a> gahaṇaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Esa nayo ito paresupi. <span class="bld">Nibbidānupassanāyā</span>ti saṅkhāresu nibbijjanākārena pavattāya anupassanāya. <span class="bld">Nandi</span>nti sappītikataṇhaṃ. <span class="bld">Virāgānupassanāyā</span>ti saṅkhāresu virajjanākārena pavattāya anupassanāya. <span class="bld">Nirodhānupassanāyā</span>ti <a name="V1.0092"></a> saṅkhārānaṃ nirodhassa anupassanāya. Yathā vā saṅkhārā nirujjhantiyeva, āyatiṃ punabbhavavasena na uppajjanti, evaṃ anupassanā <span class="bld">nirodhānupassanā</span>. Tenevāha ‘‘nirodhānupassanāya nirodheti, no samudetī’’ti. Muccitukamyatā hi ayaṃ balappattāti. Paṭinissajjanākārena pavattā anupassanā <span class="bld">paṭinissaggānupassanā,</span> paṭisaṅkhāsantiṭṭhanā hi ayaṃ. <span class="bld">Ādāna</span>nti niccādivasena gahaṇaṃ. Santatisamūhakiccārammaṇānaṃ vasena ekattaggahaṇaṃ <span class="bld">ghanasaññā. Āyūhanaṃ</span> abhisaṅkharaṇaṃ. Avatthāvisesāpatti <span class="bld">vipariṇāmo. Dhuvasañña</span>nti thirabhāvaggahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Nimitta</span>nti samūhādighanavasena sakiccaparicchedatāya ca saṅkhārānaṃ saviggahaggahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṇidhi</span>nti rāgādipaṇidhiṃ. Sā panatthato taṇhāvasena saṅkhāresu ninnatā. <span class="bld">Abhinivesa</span>nti attānudiṭṭhiṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aniccadukkhādivasena sabbadhammatīraṇaṃ <span class="bld">adhipaññādhammavipassanā</span>. <span class="bld">Sārādānābhinivesa</span>nti asāresu sāraggahaṇavipallāsaṃ. Issarakuttādivasena loko samuppannoti abhiniveso <span class="bld">sammohābhiniveso</span>. Keci pana ‘‘ahosiṃ nu kho ahaṃ atītamaddhānantiādinā (ma. ni. 1.18; saṃ. ni. 2.20) pavattasaṃsayāpatti <span class="bld">sammohābhiniveso’’</span>ti vadanti. Saṅkhāresu leṇatāṇabhāvaggahaṇaṃ <span class="bld">ālayābhiniveso</span>. ‘‘Ālayaratā ālayasammuditā’’ti (dī. ni. 2.64, 67; ma. ni. 1.281; 2.337; saṃ. ni. 1.172; mahāva. 7, 8) vacanato ālayo taṇhā, sāyeva cakkhādīsu rūpādīsu ca abhinivisanavasena pavattiyā <span class="bld">ālayābhiniveso</span>ti keci. ‘‘Evaṃvidhā saṅkhārā paṭinissajjīyantī’’ti pavattaṃ ñāṇaṃ <span class="bld">paṭisaṅkhānupassanā</span>. Vaṭṭato vigatattā vivaṭṭaṃ, <span class="bld">nibbānaṃ,</span> tattha ārammaṇakaraṇasaṅkhātena anupassanena pavattiyā <span class="bld">vivaṭṭānupassanā,</span> gotrabhū. <span class="bld">Saṃyogābhinivesa</span>nti saṃyujjanavasena saṅkhāresu nivisanaṃ. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhekaṭṭhe</span>ti diṭṭhiyā sahajātekaṭṭhe pahānekaṭṭhe ca. <span class="bld">Oḷārike</span>ti uparimaggavajjhakilese apekkhitvā vuttaṃ, aññathā dassanena pahātabbāpi dutiyamaggavajjhehi oḷārikāti. <span class="bld">Aṇusahagate</span>ti aṇubhūte. Idaṃ heṭṭhimamaggavajjhe apekkhitvā <a name="M1.0104"></a> vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbakilese</span>ti avasiṭṭhasabbakilese. Na hi paṭhamādimaggehi pahīnā kilesā puna pahīyantīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kakkhaḷattaṃ</span> kathinabhāvo. <span class="bld">Paggharaṇaṃ</span> dravabhāvo. Lokiyavāyunā bhastassa viya yena vāyunā taṃtaṃkalāpassa uddhumāyanaṃ, thaddhabhāvo vā, taṃ <span class="bld">vitthambhanaṃ</span>. Vijjamānepi kalāpantarabhūtānaṃ kalāpantarabhūtehi samphuṭṭhabhāve taṃtaṃbhūtavivittatā rūpapariyanto ākāsoti yesaṃ yo paricchedo, tehi so asamphuṭṭhova, aññathā bhūtānaṃ paricchedasabhāvo na siyā byāpībhāvāpattito, abyāpitāva <a name="V1.0093"></a> asamphuṭṭhatāti yasmiṃ kalāpe bhūtānaṃ paricchedo, tehi asamphuṭṭhabhāvo <span class="bld">asamphuṭṭhalakkhaṇaṃ</span>. Tenāha bhagavā <span class="bld">ākāsadhātuniddese</span> (dha. sa. 637) ‘‘asamphuṭṭhaṃ catūhi mahābhūtehī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Virodhipaccayasannipāte visadisuppatti <span class="bld">ruppanaṃ</span>. Cetanāpadhānattā saṅkhārakkhandhadhammānaṃ cetanāvasenetaṃ vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘saṅkhārānaṃ abhisaṅkharaṇalakkhaṇa’’</span>nti. Tathā hi <span class="bld">suttantabhājanīye saṅkhārakkhandhavibhaṅge</span> (vibha. 92) ‘‘cakkhusamphassajā cetanā’’tiādinā cetanāva vibhattā. Abhisaṅkharaṇalakkhaṇā ca cetanā. Yathāha ‘‘tattha katamo puññābhisaṅkhāro? Kusalā cetanā kāmāvacarā’’tiādi. <span class="bld">Pharaṇaṃ</span> savipphārikatā. <span class="bld">Assaddhiye</span>ti asaddhiyahetu. Nimittatthe bhummaṃ. Esa nayo <span class="bld">kosajje</span>tiādīsu. <span class="bld">Upasamalakkhaṇa</span>nti kāyacittapariḷāhūpasamalakkhaṇaṃ. Līnuddhaccarahite adhicitte pavattamāne paggahaniggahasampahaṃsanesu abyāvaṭatāya ajjhupekkhanaṃ <span class="bld">paṭisaṅkhānaṃ</span> pakkhapātupacchedato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Musāvādādīnaṃ visaṃvādanādikiccatāya lūkhānaṃ apariggāhakānaṃ paṭipakkhabhāvato pariggāhakasabhāvā sammāvācā siniddhabhāvato sampayuttadhamme sammāvācāpaccayasubhāsitānaṃ sotārañca puggalaṃ pariggaṇhātīti tassā <span class="bld">pariggāhalakkhaṇaṃ</span> vuttaṃ. Kāyikakiriyā kiñci kattabbaṃ samuṭṭhāpeti, sayañca samuṭṭhahanaṃ ghaṭanaṃ hotīti sammākammanta saṅkhātāya viratiyā <span class="bld">samuṭṭhānalakkhaṇaṃ</span> daṭṭhabbaṃ. Sampayuttadhammānaṃ vā ukkhipanaṃ <span class="bld">samuṭṭhāpanaṃ</span> kāyikakiriyāya bhārukkhipanaṃ viya. Jīvamānassa sattassa, sampayuttadhammānaṃ vā jīvitindriyappavattiyā, ājīvasseva vā suddhi <span class="bld">vodānaṃ</span>. Sasampayuttadhammassa cittassa saṃkilesapakkhe patituṃ adatvā sammadeva paggaṇhanaṃ <span class="bld">paggaho</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Saṅkhārā’’ti <a name="M1.0105"></a> idha cetanā adhippetāti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘saṅkhārānaṃ cetanālakkhaṇa’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Namanaṃ</span> ārammaṇābhimukhabhāvo. <span class="bld">Āyatanaṃ</span> pavattanaṃ. Āyatanānaṃ vasena hi āyasaṅkhātānaṃ cittacetasikānaṃ pavatti. <span class="bld">Taṇhāya hetulakkhaṇa</span>nti vaṭṭassa janakahetubhāvo, maggassa pana nibbānasampāpakattanti ayametesaṃ viseso.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tathalakkhaṇaṃ</span> aviparītasabhāvo. <span class="bld">Ekaraso</span> aññamaññānativattanaṃ anūnānadhikabhāvo. <span class="bld">Yuganaddhā</span> samathavipassanāva. Saddhāpaññā paggahāvikkhepātipi vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Khīṇoti <a name="V1.0094"></a> kilese khepatīti <span class="bld">khayo,</span> maggo. Anuppādapariyosānatāya <span class="bld">anuppādo,</span> phalaṃ. <span class="bld">Passaddhi</span> kilesavūpasamo. <span class="bld">Chandassā</span>ti kattukāmatāchandassa. <span class="bld">Mūlalakkhaṇaṃ</span> patiṭṭhābhāvo. Samuṭṭhānabhāvo <span class="bld">samuṭṭhānalakkhaṇaṃ</span> ārammaṇapaṭipādakatāya sampayuttadhammānaṃ uppattihetutā. <span class="bld">Samodhānaṃ</span> visayādisannipātena gahetabbākāro, yā saṅgatīti vuccati. Samaṃ saha odahanti anena sampayuttadhammāti vā <span class="bld">samodhānaṃ,</span> phasso. Samosaranti sannipatanti etthāti <span class="bld">samosaraṇaṃ</span>. Vedanāya vinā appavattamānā sampayuttadhammā vedanānubhavananimittaṃ samosaṭā viya hontīti evaṃ vuttaṃ. Gopānasīnaṃ kūṭaṃ viya sampayuttānaṃ pāmokkhabhāvo <span class="bld">pamukhalakkhaṇaṃ</span>. Tato, tesaṃ vā sampayuttadhammānaṃ uttari padhānanti <span class="bld">tatuttari,</span> paññuttarā hi kusalā dhammā. <span class="bld">Vimuttiyā</span>ti phalassa. Tañhi sīlādiguṇasārassa paramukkaṃsabhāvena <span class="bld">sāraṃ</span>. Ayañca lakkhaṇavibhāgo chadhātupañcajhānaṅgādivasena taṃtaṃsuttapadānusārena porāṇaṭṭhakathāyaṃ āgatanayena ca katoti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Tathā hi pubbe vuttopi koci dhammo pariyāyantarapakāsanatthaṃ puna dassito. Tato eva ca ‘‘chandamūlakā kusalā dhammā manasikārasamuṭṭhānā phassasamodhānā vedanāsamosaraṇā’’ti, ‘‘paññuttarā kusalā dhammā’’ti, ‘‘vimuttisāramidaṃ brahmacariya’’nti, ‘‘nibbānogadhañhi āvuso brahmacariyaṃ nibbānapariyosāna’’nti (ma. ni. 1.466) ca suttapadānaṃ vasena <span class="bld">‘‘chandassa mūlalakkhaṇa’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tathadhammā nāma cattāri ariyasaccāni</span> aviparītasabhāvattā. <span class="bld">Tathāni</span> taṃsabhāvattā. <span class="bld">Avitathāni</span> amusāsabhāvattā. <span class="bld">Anaññathāni</span> aññākārarahitattā. <span class="bld">Jātipaccayasambhūtasamudāgataṭṭho</span>ti jātipaccayā sambhūtaṃ <a name="M1.0106"></a> hutvā sahitassa attano paccayānurūpassa uddhaṃ āgatabhāvo, anupavattanaṭṭhoti attho. Atha vā sambhūtaṭṭho ca samudāgataṭṭho ca <span class="bld">sambhūtasamudāgataṭṭho,</span> na jātito jarāmaraṇaṃ na hoti, na ca jātiṃ vinā aññato hotīti <span class="bld">jātipaccayasambhūtaṭṭho</span>. Itthañca jātito samudāgacchatīti <span class="bld">jātipaccayasamudāgataṭṭho,</span> yā yā jāti yathā yathā paccayo hoti, tadanurūpaṃ pātubhāvoti attho. <span class="bld">Avijjāya saṅkhārānaṃ paccayaṭṭho</span>ti etthāpi na avijjā saṅkhārānaṃ paccayo na hoti, na ca avijjaṃ vinā saṅkhārā uppajjanti, yā yā avijjā yesaṃ yesaṃ saṅkhārānaṃ yathā yathā paccayo hoti, ayaṃ avijjāya saṅkhārānaṃ paccayaṭṭho paccayabhāvoti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bhagavā taṃ sabbākārato jānāti passatīti sambandho. <span class="bld">Tenā</span>ti bhagavatā. Taṃ vibhajjamānanti yojetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti rupāyatanaṃ. <span class="bld">Iṭṭhāniṭṭhādī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena majjhattaṃ saṅgaṇhāti, tathā atītānāgatapaccuppannaparittaajjhattabahiddhātadubhayādibhedaṃ. <span class="bld">Labbhamānakapadavasenā</span>ti ‘‘rūpāyatanaṃ <a name="V1.0095"></a> diṭṭhaṃ, saddāyatanaṃ sutaṃ, gandhāyatanaṃ rasāyatanaṃ phoṭṭhabbāyatanaṃ mutaṃ, sabbaṃ rūpaṃ manasā viññāta’’nti (dha. sa. 966) vacanato diṭṭhapadañca viññātapadañca rūpārammaṇe labbhati, rūpārammaṇaṃ iṭṭhaṃ aniṭṭhaṃ majjhattaṃ parittaṃ atītaṃ anāgataṃ paccuppannaṃ ajjhattaṃ bahiddhā diṭṭhaṃ viññātaṃ rūpaṃ rūpāyatanaṃ rūpadhātu vaṇṇanibhā sanidassanaṃ sappaṭighaṃ nīlaṃ pītakanti evamādīhi <span class="bld">anekehi nāmehi</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Terasahi vārehī</span>ti rūpakaṇḍe (dha. sa. 616) āgate terasa niddesavāre sandhāyāha. Ekekasmiñca vāre catunnaṃ catunnaṃ vavatthāpananayānaṃ vasena <span class="bld">‘‘dvepaññāsāya nayehī’’</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Tathameva</span> aviparītadassitāya appaṭivattiyadesanatāya ca. <span class="bld">‘‘Jānāmi abhiññāsi’’</span>nti vattamānātītakālesu ñāṇappavattidassanena anāgatepi ñāṇappavatti vuttāyevāti daṭṭhabbā. <span class="bld">Vidita</span>-saddo anāmaṭṭhakālaviseso veditabbo ‘‘diṭṭhaṃ sutaṃ muta’’ntiādīsu (dha. sa. 966) viya. <span class="bld">Na upaṭṭhāsī</span>ti attattaniyavasena na upagacchi. Yathā rūpārammaṇādayo dhammā yaṃsabhāvā yaṃpakārā ca, tathā ne passati jānāti gacchatīti <span class="bld">tathāgato</span>ti evaṃ padasambhavo veditabbo. Keci pana ‘‘niruttinayena pisodarādipakkhepena (pāṇini 6.3.109) vā dassi-saddassa lopaṃ, āgata-saddassa cāgamaṃ katvā <span class="bld">tathāgato’’</span>ti vaṇṇenti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Niddosatāya <a name="M1.0107"></a> <span class="bld">anupavajjaṃ</span>. Pakkhipitabbābhāvena <span class="bld">anūnaṃ</span>. Apanetabbābhāvena <span class="bld">anadhikaṃ</span>. Atthabyañjanādisampattiyā <span class="bld">sabbākāraparipuṇṇaṃ</span>. <span class="bld">No aññathā</span>ti ‘‘tathevā’’ti vuttamevatthaṃ byatirekena sampādeti. Tena yadatthaṃ bhāsitaṃ, ekantena tadatthanipphādanato yathā bhāsitaṃ bhagavatā, tathevāti aviparītadesanataṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Gadaattho</span>ti etena tathaṃ gadatīti <span class="bld">tathāgato</span>ti da-kārassa ta-kāro kato niruttinayenāti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā gatamassāti <span class="bld">tathāgato. Gata</span>nti ca kāyavācāpavattīti attho. <span class="bld">Tathā</span>ti ca vutte yaṃtaṃsaddānaṃ abyabhicārisambandhitāya yathāti ayamattho upaṭṭhitoyeva hoti, kāyavacīkiriyānañca aññamaññānulomena vacanicchāyaṃ kāyassa vācā, vācāya ca kāyo sambandhībhāvena upatiṭṭhatīti imamatthaṃ dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘bhagavato hī’’</span>tiādi. Imasmiṃ pana atthe tathāvādītāya <span class="bld">tathāgato</span>ti ayampi attho siddho hoti. So pana pubbe pakārantarena dassitoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ tathākāritāya tathāgato’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tiriyaṃ aparimāṇāsu lokadhātūsū</span>ti etena yadeke ‘‘tiriyaṃ viya upari adho ca santi lokadhātuyo’’ti <a name="V1.0096"></a> vadanti, taṃ paṭisedheti. Desanāvilāsoyeva <span class="bld">desanāvilāsamayo</span> yathā ‘‘puññamayaṃ, dānamaya’’ntiādīsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nipātānaṃ vācakasaddasannidhāne tadatthajotanabhāvena pavattanato gata-saddoyeva avagatatthaṃ atītatthañca vadatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘gatoti avagato atīto’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha vā abhinīhārato paṭṭhāya yāva sammāsambodhi, etthantare mahābodhiyānapaṭipattiyā hānaṭṭhānasaṃkilesanivattīnaṃ abhāvato yathā paṇidhānaṃ, tathā gato abhinīhārānurūpaṃ paṭipannoti <span class="bld">tathāgato</span>. Atha vā mahiddhikatāya paṭisambhidānaṃ ukkaṃsādhigamena anāvaraṇañāṇatāya ca katthacipi paṭighātābhāvato yathā ruci, tathā kāyavacīcittānaṃ gatāni gamanāni pavattiyo etassāti <span class="bld">tathāgato</span>. Yasmā ca loke vidha-yutta-gata-ppakāra-saddā samānatthā dissanti. Tasmā yathāvidhā vipassīādayo bhagavanto, ayampi bhagavā tathāvidhoti <span class="bld">tathāgato</span><a name="M1.0108"></a>, yathāyuttā ca te bhagavanto, ayampi bhagavā tathāyuttoti <span class="bld">tathāgato</span>. Atha vā yasmā saccaṃ tacchaṃ tathanti ñāṇassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ, tasmā tathena ñāṇena āgatoti <span class="bld">tathāgato</span>. Evampi tathāgata-saddassa attho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Pahāya kāmādimale yathā gatā,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Samādhiñāṇehi vipassiādayo;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Mahesino sakyamunī jutindharo,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tathā gato tena mato tathāgato.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Tathañca dhātāyatanādilakkhaṇaṃ,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Sabhāvasāmaññavibhāgabhedato;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Sayambhuñāṇena jino samāgato,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tathāgato vuccati sakyapuṅgavo.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Tathāni saccāni samantacakkhunā,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Tathā idappaccayatā ca sabbaso;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Anaññaneyyena yato vibhāvitā,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Yāthāvato tena jino tathāgato.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Anekabhedāsupi <a name="V1.0097"></a> lokadhātusu,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Jinassa rūpāyatanādigocare;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Vicitrabhedaṃ tathameva dassanaṃ,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tathāgato tena samantalocano.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Yato ca dhammaṃ tathameva bhāsati,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Karoti vācāyanulomamattano;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Guṇehi lokaṃ abhibhuyyirīyati,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tathāgato tenapi lokanāyako.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Yathābhinīhāramato yathāruci,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Pavattavācā tanucittabhāvato;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Yathāvidhā yena purā mahesino,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tathāvidho tena jino tathāgatoti. (itivu. aṭṭha. 38; dī. ni. ṭī. 1.7 cūḷasīlavaṇṇanā);</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ārakattā</span>tiādīnaṃ <a name="M1.0109"></a> padānaṃ attho <span class="bld">visuddhimagge</span> (visuddhi. 1.125) buddhānussatisaṃvaṇṇanāya vuttanayeneva veditabbo. <span class="bld">Sammā sāmañca sabbadhammānaṃ buddhattā</span>ti imināssa paropadesarahitassa sabbākārena sabbadhammāvabodhanasamatthassa ākaṅkhāpaṭibaddhavuttino anāvaraṇañāṇasaṅkhātassa sabbaññutaññāṇassa adhigamo dassito.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nanu ca (itivu. aṭṭha. 38) sabbaññutaññāṇato aññaṃ anāvaraṇañāṇaṃ, aññathā cha asādhāraṇañāṇāni buddhañāṇānīti vacanaṃ virujjheyyāti? Na virujjhati visayappavattibhedavasena aññehi asādhāraṇañāṇabhāvadassanatthaṃ ekasseva ñāṇassa dvidhā vuttattā. Ekameva hi taṃ ñāṇaṃ anavasesasaṅkhatāsaṅkhatasammutidhammavisayatāya sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ, tattha ca āvaraṇābhāvato nissaṅgacāramupādāya anāvaraṇañāṇanti vuttaṃ. Yathāha <span class="bld">paṭisambhidāyaṃ</span> (paṭi. ma. 1.119) ‘‘sabbaṃ saṅkhatāsaṅkhatamanavasesaṃ jānātīti sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ, tatthāvaraṇaṃ natthīti anāvaraṇañāṇa’’ntiādi, tasmā natthi nesaṃ atthato bhedo, ekantena cetaṃ evamicchitabbaṃ, aññathā sabbaññutānāvaraṇañāṇānaṃ sāvaraṇatā asabbadhammārammaṇatā ca āpajjeyya. Na hi bhagavato ñāṇassa aṇumatampi āvaraṇaṃ atthi, anāvaraṇañāṇassa ca asabbadhammārammaṇabhāve <a name="V1.0098"></a> yattha taṃ nappavattati, tatthāvaraṇasabbhāvato anāvaraṇabhāvoyeva na siyā. Atha vā pana hotu aññameva anāvaraṇañāṇaṃ sabbaññutaññāṇato, idha pana sabbattha appaṭihatavuttitāya anāvaraṇañāṇanti sabbaññutaññāṇameva adhippetaṃ, tassa cādhigamena bhagavā sabbaññū sabbavidū sammāsambuddhoti ca vuccati, na sakimeva sabbadhammāvabodhato. Tathā ca vuttaṃ <span class="bld">paṭisambhidāyaṃ</span> (paṭi. ma. 1.162) ‘‘vimokkhantikametaṃ buddhānaṃ bhagavantānaṃ bodhiyā mūle saha sabbaññutaññāṇassa paṭilābhā sacchikā paññatti yadidaṃ buddho’’ti. Sabbadhammāvabodhanasamatthañāṇasamadhigamena hi bhagavato santāne anavasesadhamme paṭivijjhituṃ samatthatā ahosīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Etthāha – kiṃ panidaṃ ñāṇaṃ pavattamānaṃ sakiṃyeva sabbasmiṃ visaye pavattati, udāhu kamenāti. Kiñcettha – yadi tāva sakiṃyeva sabbasmiṃ visaye pavattati, atītānāgatapaccuppannaajjhattabahiddhādibhedena bhinnānaṃ saṅkhatadhammānaṃ <a name="M1.0110"></a> asaṅkhatasammutidhammānañca ekajjhaṃ upaṭṭhāne dūrato cittapaṭaṃ avekkhantassa viya paṭivibhāgenāvabodho na siyā, tathā ca sati ‘‘sabbe dhammā anattā’’ti vipassantānaṃ anattākārena viya sabbe dhammā anirūpitarūpena bhagavato ñāṇassa visayā hontīti āpajjati. Yepi ‘‘sabbañeyyadhammānaṃ ṭhitalakkhaṇavisayaṃ vikapparahitaṃ sabbakālaṃ buddhānaṃ ñāṇaṃ pavattati, tena te sabbavidūti vuccanti. Evañca katvā ‘caraṃ samāhito nāgo, tiṭṭhantopi samāhito’ti idampi vacanaṃ suvuttaṃ hotī’’ti vadanti, tesampi vuttadosānativatti. Ṭhitalakkhaṇārammaṇatāya hi atītānāgatasammutidhammānaṃ tadabhāvato ekadesavisayameva bhagavato ñāṇaṃ siyā, tasmā sakiṃyeva ñāṇaṃ pavattatīti na yujjati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha kamena sabbasmiṃ visaye ñāṇaṃ pavattati, evampi na yujjati. Na hi jātibhūmisabhāvādivasena disādesakālādivasena ca anekabhedabhinne neyye kamena gayhamāne tassa anavasesapaṭivedho sambhavati apariyantabhāvato ñeyyassa. Ye pana ‘‘atthassa avisaṃvādanato ñeyyassa ekadesaṃ paccakkhaṃ katvā sesepi evanti adhimuccitvā vavatthāpanena sabbaññū bhagavā, tañca ñāṇaṃ ananumānikaṃ saṃsayābhāvato. Saṃsayānubandhañhi loke anumānañāṇa’’nti vadanti, tesampi taṃ na yuttaṃ. Sabbassa hi appaccakkhabhāve atthassa avisaṃvādanena ñeyyassa ekadesaṃ paccakkhaṃ katvā sesepi evanti adhimuccitvā vavatthāpanassa asambhavato. Yañhi taṃ sesaṃ, taṃ appaccakkhanti. Atha tampi paccakkhaṃ, tassa sesabhāvo eva na siyāti? Sabbametaṃ akāraṇaṃ. Kasmā? Avisayavicāraṇabhāvato. Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā <a name="V1.0099"></a> ‘‘buddhavisayo bhikkhave, acinteyyo na cintetabbo, yo cinteyya, ummādassa vighātassa bhāgī assā’’ti (a. ni. 4.77). Idaṃ panettha sanniṭṭhānaṃ – yaṃ kiñci bhagavatā ñātuṃ icchitaṃ sakalamekadeso vā, tattha appaṭihatavuttitāya paccakkhato ñāṇaṃ pavattati, niccasamādhānañca vikkhepābhāvato, ñātuṃ icchitassa ca sakalassa avisayabhāve tassa ākaṅkhāpaṭibaddhavuttitā na siyā, ekanteneva ca sā icchitabbā ‘‘sabbe dhammā buddhassa bhagavato āvajjanapaṭibaddhā ākaṅkhapaṭibaddhā manasikārapaṭibaddhā cittuppādapaṭibaddhā’’ti (mahāni. 69, 156; cūḷani. 85; paṭi. ma. 3.5) vacanato. Atītānāgatavisayampi bhagavato ñāṇaṃ anumānāgamatakkagahaṇavirahitattā paccakkhameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nanu <a name="M1.0111"></a> ca etasmimpi pakkhe yadā sakalaṃ ñātuṃ icchitaṃ, tadā sakiṃyeva sakalavisayatāya anirūpitarūpena bhagavato ñāṇaṃ pavatteyyāti vuttadosānativattiyevāti? Na, tassa visodhitattā. Visodhito hi so buddhavisayo acinteyyoti. Aññathā pacurajanañāṇasamānavuttitāya buddhānaṃ bhagavantānaṃ ñāṇassa acinteyyatā na siyā, tasmā sakaladhammārammaṇampi taṃ ekadhammārammaṇaṃ viya suvavatthāpiteyeva te dhamme katvā pavattatīti idamettha acinteyyaṃ, anantañca ñāṇaṃ ñeyyaṃ viya. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘yāvatakaṃ ñeyyaṃ, tāvatakaṃ ñāṇaṃ. Yāvatakaṃ ñāṇaṃ, tāvatakaṃ ñeyyaṃ. Ñeyyapariyantikaṃ ñāṇaṃ, ñāṇapariyantikaṃ ñeyya’’nti (mahāni. 69, 156; cūḷani. 85; paṭi. ma. 3.5). Evamekajjhaṃ, visuṃ sakiṃ, kamena vā icchānurūpaṃ sammā sāmañca sabbadhammānaṃ buddhattā sammāsambuddho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ta</span>nti yathāvuttaṃ pathavīādibhedaṃ. <span class="bld">Pariññāta</span>nti parito samantato sabbākārato ñātaṃ, taṃ parijānitabbabhāvaṃ kiñci asesetvā ñātanti attho. Ayameva hi attho ‘‘pariññātanta’’nti imināpi padena pakāsitoti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘pariññātantaṃ nāmā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Tena tena maggena kilesappahānena viseso natthī</span>ti idaṃ taṃtaṃmaggavajjhakilesānaṃ buddhānaṃ sāvakānañca tena tena maggeneva pahātabbabhāvasāmaññaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ, na sāvakehi buddhānaṃ kilesappahānavisesābhāvato. Tathā hi sammāsambuddhā eva savāsanakilese jahanti, na sāvakā. <span class="bld">Ekadesamevā</span>ti attano santānagatameva. Sasantatipariyāpannadhammapariññāmattenapi hi catusaccakammaṭṭhānabhāvanā samijjhati. Tenevāha – ‘‘imasmiṃyeva byāmamatte kaḷevare sasaññimhi samanake lokañca paññapemi lokasamudayañca paññapemī’’tiādi (saṃ. ni. 1.107; a. ni. 4.45). <span class="bld">Aṇuppamāṇampi</span> <a name="V1.0100"></a> <span class="bld">…pe… natthi,</span> yato chattiṃsakoṭisatasahassamukhena buddhānaṃ mahāvajirañāṇaṃ pavattatīti vadanti.</p>
<p class="centered">Tathāgatavārasattamanayavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Tathāgatavāraaṭṭhamanayavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para13"></a><a name="para13_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">13</span>. <span class="bld">Purimataṇhā</span>ti <a name="M1.0112"></a> purimataresu bhavesu nibbattā paccuppannattabhāvahetubhūtā taṇhā. Taggahaṇeneva ca atītaddhasaṅgahā avijjāsaṅkhārā saddhiṃ upādānena saṅgahitāti daṭṭhabbā. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti ‘‘bhavā jātī’’ti etasmiṃ pade. <span class="bld">Tena upapattibhavenā</span>ti ‘‘bhavā jātī’’ti jātisīsena vuttaupapattibhavena. <span class="bld">Bhūtassā</span>ti nibbattassa. So pana yasmā satto nāma hoti, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sattassā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Evañca jānitvā</span>ti iminā <span class="bld">‘‘bhūtassa jarāmaraṇa’’</span>nti etthāpi ‘‘iti viditvā’’ti idaṃ padaṃ ānetvā yojetabbanti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadipi tebhūmakā upādānakkhandhā ‘‘yaṃ kiñci rūpa’’ntiādinā (vibha. 2; ma. ni. 1.244) ekādasasu okāsesu pakkhipitabbā sammasitabbā ca, te pana yasmā bhagavatā ‘‘kimhi nu kho sati jarāmaraṇaṃ hoti, kiṃpaccayā jarāmaraṇa’’ntiādinā (dī. ni. 2.57; saṃ. ni. 2.4, 10) paṭiccasamuppādamukhena sammasitā, paṭiccasamuppādo ca pavattipavattihetubhāvato purimasaccadvayameva hoti, tasmā tadabhisamayaṃ ‘‘maññanābhāvahetu paccayākārapaṭivedho’’ti vibhāvento <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ bodhirukkhamūle…pe… dassento’’</span>ti āha. Saṃkhippanti ettha avijjādayo viññāṇādayo cāti saṅkhepā, atīte hetuādayo ‘‘hetu, phala’’nti evaṃ saṃkhippantīti vā saṅkhepā, avijjādayo viññāṇādayo ca. Saṅkhepa-saddo bhāgādhivacananti daṭṭhabbo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘koṭṭhāsāti attho’’</span>ti. Te pana atīte hetusaṅkhepo, etarahi phalasaṅkhepo, etarahi hetusaṅkhepo, āyatiṃ phalasaṅkhepoti cattāro saṅkhepā etassāti catusaṅkhepo, taṃ <span class="bld">catusaṅkhepaṃ</span>. Hetuphalasandhi, phalahetusandhi, puna hetuphalasandhīti evaṃ tayo sandhī etassāti tisandhi, taṃ <span class="bld">tisandhiṃ</span>. Atītapaccuppannānāgatabhedā tayo addhā etassāti tiyaddho, taṃ <span class="bld">tiyaddhaṃ</span>. Sarūpato avuttāpi tasmiṃ tasmiṃ saṅkhepe ākirīyanti avijjāsaṅkhārādiggahaṇehi pakāsīyantīti <span class="bld">ākārā,</span> atītahetuādīnaṃ vā pakārā ākārā, te ekekasaṅkhepe pañca pañca katvā vīsati ākārā etassāti vīsatākāro, taṃ <span class="bld">vīsatākāraṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Esa</span> <a name="V1.0101"></a><a name="M1.0113"></a> <span class="bld">sabbo</span>ti esa catusaṅkhepādipabhedo anavaseso paccayo. <span class="bld">Paccayalakkhaṇenā</span>ti paccayabhāvena attano phalassa paṭisandhiviññāṇassa paccayabhāvena, avinābhāvalakkhaṇenāti attho. Yathā hi taṇhaṃ vinā avijjādayo viññāṇassa paccayā na honti, evaṃ taṇhāpi avijjādike vināti. Ettha dukkhaggahaṇena viññāṇanāmarūpasaḷāyatanaphassavedanānaṃ, bhavaggahaṇena ca taṇhāsaṅkhārupādānānaṃ gahitatā vuttanayā evāti na uddhaṭā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni te vīsati ākāre paṭisambhidāmaggapāḷiyā vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘evamete’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha (paṭi. ma. aṭṭha. 1.47) <span class="bld">purimakammabhavasmi</span>nti purime kammabhave, atītajātiyaṃ kammabhave kayiramāneti attho. <span class="bld">Moho avijjā</span>ti yo tadā dukkhādīsu moho, yena mūḷho kammaṃ karoti, sā avijjā. <span class="bld">Āyūhanā saṅkhārā</span>ti taṃ taṃ kammaṃ karonto dānupakaraṇādi sajjanādivasena yā purimacetanāyo, te saṅkhārā. Paṭiggāhakānaṃ pana hatthe deyyadhammaṃ patiṭṭhāpayato cetanā bhavo. Ekāvajjanajavanesu vā purimā cetanā āyūhanā saṅkhārā, sattamā bhavo. Yā kāci vā pana cetanā bhavo, sampayuttā āyūhanā saṅkhārā. <span class="bld">Nikanti taṇhā</span>ti yaṃ kammaṃ karontassa upapattibhave tassa phalassa nikāmanā patthanā, sā taṇhā nāma. <span class="bld">Upagamanaṃ upādāna</span>nti yaṃ kammabhavassa paccayabhūtaṃ ‘‘idaṃ kammaṃ katvā asukasmiṃ nāma ṭhāne kāme sevissāmi ucchijjissāmī’’tiādinā nayena pavattaṃ upagamanaṃ gahaṇaṃ parāmasanaṃ, idaṃ upādānaṃ nāma. <span class="bld">Cetanā bhavo</span>ti dvīsu atthavikappesu vuttassa āyūhanassa avasāne vuttacetanā, tatiye pana āyūhanasampayuttacetanā bhavo. <span class="bld">Iti ime pañca dhammā purimakammabhavasmiṃ idha paṭisandhiyā paccayā</span>ti ime yathāvuttā mohādayo pañca dhammā atītakammabhavasiddhā etarahi paṭisandhiyā paccayabhūtāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Idha paṭisandhiviññāṇa</span>nti yaṃ bhavantarapaṭisandhānavasena uppannattā paṭisandhīti vuccati, taṃ viññāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Okkanti nāmarūpa</span>nti yā gabbhe rūpārūpadhammānaṃ okkanti āgantvā pavisantī viya, idaṃ nāmarūpaṃ. <span class="bld">Pasādo āyatana</span>nti idaṃ cakkhādipañcāyatanavasena vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Phuṭṭho phasso</span>ti yo ārammaṇaṃ phuṭṭho phusanto uppanno, ayaṃ phasso. <span class="bld">Vedayitaṃ</span> <a name="M1.0114"></a> <span class="bld">vedanā</span>ti yaṃ paṭisandhiviññāṇena vā saḷāyatanapaccayena vā phassena sahuppannaṃ vipākavedayitaṃ, sā vedanā. <span class="bld">Iti ime…pe… paccayā</span>ti ime viññāṇādayo pañca koṭṭhāsikā dhammā purimabhave katassa kammassa kammavaṭṭassa paccayā, paccayabhāvato taṃ paṭicca idha etarahi upapattibhavasmiṃ upapattibhavabhāvena vā hontīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Idha</span> <a name="V1.0102"></a> <span class="bld">paripakkattā āyatanānaṃ moho</span>ti paripakkāyatanassa kammakaraṇakāle asammohaṃ dasseti. Daharassa hi cittappavatti bhavaṅgabahulā yebhuyyena bhavantarajanakakammāyūhanasamatthā na hotīti. <span class="bld">Kammakaraṇakāle</span>ti ca iminā sabbo kammassa paccayabhūto sammoho gahito, na sampayuttova. Sesaṃ vuttanayameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Padayojanāyā</span>ti ‘‘tasmā’’tiādīnaṃ padānaṃ sambandhena saha. <span class="bld">Atthanigamana</span>nti imasmiṃ aṭṭhamavāre desanatthanigamanaṃ. <span class="bld">Nandīti evaṃ vuttānaṃ sabbataṇhāna</span>nti ‘‘nandī dukkhassa mūla’’nti evaṃ nandanatthasāmaññato ekavacanena vuttānaṃ sabbataṇhānaṃ santānārammaṇasampayuttadhammappavattiākārādibhedena anekabhedānaṃ sabbāsaṃ taṇhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Khayavevacanānevā</span>ti samucchedapahānavevacanāneva. ‘‘Accantakkhayā’’ti hi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Catumaggakiccasādhāraṇameta</span>nti catunnaṃ ariyamaggānaṃ pahānakiccassa sādhāraṇaṃ sāmaññato gahaṇaṃ etaṃ khayādivacananti attho. Tesaṃ pana maggānaṃ kamena pavattanaṃ kiccakameneva dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘virāgā’’</span>tiādi vuttanti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘tato</span>…pe… <span class="bld">yojetabba’’</span>nti āha. Tathā satipi khayādisaddānaṃ pahānapariyāyabhāve pahātabbāya pana visayabhedabhinnāya taṇhāya anavasesato pahīnabhāvadīpanatthaṃ khayādipariyāyantaraggahaṇaṃ katanti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘yāhī’’</span>tiādimāha. Yathāvuttasañjananādihetubhūtāya taṇhāya pahīnattā tappahānadīpanaṃ katvā vuccamānaṃ khayādivacanaṃ na kathañci dhammataṃ vilometīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘na kiñci virujjhatī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uttaravirahita</span>nti attānaṃ uttarituṃ samatthattā uttarena adhikena virahitaṃ. Ayañcassa uttaravirahatā attano seṭṭhabhāvenāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbaseṭṭha’’</span>nti. Yathā sammā-saṃ-saddā ‘‘aviparītaṃ, sāma’’nti imesaṃ padānaṃ atthaṃ vadanti, evaṃ pāsaṃsasobhanatthepīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sammā sāmañca bodhiṃ pasatthaṃ sundarañca bodhi’’</span>nti. Bujjhi ettha paṭivijjhi cattāri ariyasaccāni, sabbampi vā neyyanti rukkho <span class="bld">bodhi,</span> bujjhati etenāti pana maggo <span class="bld">bodhi,</span> tathā <a name="M1.0115"></a> sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ, nibbānaṃ pana bujjhitabbato <span class="bld">bodhī</span>ti ayamettha sādhanavibhāgo daṭṭhabbo. Paṇṇattiyampi attheva bodhi-saddo ‘‘bodhirājakumāro’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 2.324; cūḷava. 268). <span class="bld">Apare</span>ti sārasamāsācariyā. Ettha ca saupasaggassa bodhi-saddassa atthuddhāre anupasaggānaṃ udāharaṇe kāraṇaṃ heṭṭhā vuttameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Lokuttarabhāvato vā tatthāpi heṭṭhimamaggānaṃ viya tatuttarimaggābhāvato ca ‘‘siyā nu kho anuttarā bodhī’’ti āsaṅkaṃ sandhāya taṃ vidhamituṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sāvakāna’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Abhinīhārasampattiyā phalavisesabhūtehi ñāṇavisesehi ekaccehi sakalehi saddhiṃ samijjhamāno <a name="V1.0103"></a> maggo ariyānaṃ taṃ taṃ ñāṇavisesādiṃ dento viya hotīti tassa asabbaguṇadāyakattaṃ vuttaṃ. Tena anaññasādhāraṇābhinīhārasampadāsiddhassa niratisaya-guṇānubandhassa vasena arahattamaggo anuttarā bodhi nāma hotīti dasseti. Sāvakapāramiñāṇaṃ aññehi sāvakehi asādhāraṇaṃ mahāsāvakānaṃyeva āveṇikaṃ ñāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Paccekaṃ saccāni buddhavantoti paccekabuddhā</span>. Nanu ca sabbepi ariyā paccekameva saccāni paṭivijjhanti dhammassa paccattaṃ vedanīyabhāvatoti? Saccaṃ, nayidamīdisaṃ paṭivedhaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ, yathā pana sāvakā aññasannissayena saccāni paṭivijjhanti paratoghosena vinā tesaṃ dassanamaggassa anuppajjanato, yathā ca sammāsambuddho aññesaṃ nissayabhāvena saccāni abhisambujjhanti, na evamete, ete pana aparaneyyā hutvā apariṇāyakabhāvena saccāni paṭivijjhanti. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘paccekaṃ saccāni buddhavantoti paccekabuddhā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Itīti karīyati uccārīyatīti <span class="bld">itikāro,</span> iti-saddo. <span class="bld">Kāraṇattho</span> aniyamarūpenāti adhippāyo, tasmāti vuttaṃ hoti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yasmā cā’’</span>ti. Pubbe pana iti-saddaṃ pakāratthaṃ katvā ‘‘evaṃ jānitvā’’ti vuttaṃ, idhāpi taṃ pakāratthameva katvā atho yujjati. Kathaṃ? <span class="bld">Viditvā</span>ti hi padaṃ hetuatthe daṭṭhabbaṃ ‘‘paññāya cassa disvā’’ti (ma. ni. 1.271), ‘‘ghataṃ pivitvā balaṃ hotī’’ti ca evamādīsu viya, tasmā pakāratthepi iti-sadde paṭiccasamuppādassa viditattāti ayaṃ attho labbhateva. <span class="bld">Paṭiccasamuppādaṃ viditvā</span>ti etthāpi hetuatthe viditvā-sadde yathāvuttā atthayojanā yujjateva. Ettha ca paṭhamavikappe paṭiccasamupādassa viditatthaṃ maññanābhāvassa kāraṇaṃ <a name="M1.0116"></a> vatvā taṇhāmūlakassa paṭiccasamuppādassa dassitattā ettha taṇhāppahānaṃ sammāsambodhiyā adhigamanakāraṇaṃ uddhatanti dassitaṃ, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘pathaviṃ na maññatī’’</span>tiādi nigamanaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Dutiyavikappe pana paṭiccasamuppādavedanaṃ taṇhāppahānassa kāraṇaṃ vuttaṃ, taṃ abhisambodhiyā abhisambodhimaññanābhāvassāti ayamattho dassitoti ayametesaṃ dvinnaṃ atthavikappānaṃ viseso, tasmā ‘‘nandī dukkhassa mūla’’nti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Taṃ kuto labbhatīti codanaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘yattha yattha hī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Sāsanayutti</span> ayaṃ sāsanepi evaṃ sambandho dissatīti katvā. Lokepi hi yaṃ-taṃ-saddānaṃ abyabhicārisambandhatā siddhā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evaṃ abhisambuddhoti vadāmī</span>ti abhisambuddhabhāvassa gahitattā, asabbaññunā evaṃ desetuṃ asakkuṇeyyattā ca <span class="bld">‘‘sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ dassento’’</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vicitranayadesanāvilāsayutta</span>nti <a name="V1.0104"></a> puthujjanavārādivibhāgabhinnehi vicittehi tanti nayehi, lakkhaṇakammataṇhāmaññanādivibhāgabhinnehi vicittehi atthanayehi, abhinandanapaccayākārādivisesāpadesasiddhena desanāvilāsena ca yuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Yathā te na jānanti, tathā desesī</span>ti imināpi bhagavato desanāvilāsaṃyeva vibhāveti. <span class="bld">Taṃyeva kira pathavi</span>nti ettha pathavīgahaṇaṃ upalakkhaṇamattaṃ āpādivasenapi, tathā ‘‘kīdisā nu kho idha pathavī adhippetā, kasmā ca bhūtarūpāniyeva gahitāni, na sesarūpānī’’tiādināpi tesaṃ saṃsayuppatti niddhāretabbā. Atha vā <span class="bld">kathaṃ nāmida</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">iti</span>-saddo pakārattho. Tena imasmiṃ sutte sabbāyapi tesaṃ saṃsayuppattiyā pariggahitattā daṭṭhabbā. <span class="bld">Anta</span>nti mariyādaṃ, desanāya antaṃ paricchedanti attho, yo anusandhīti vuccati. <span class="bld">Koṭi</span>nti pariyantaṃ, desanāya pariyosānanti attho. Ubhayena sutte ajjhāsayānusandhi yathānusandhīti vadati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Antarākathā</span>ti kammaṭṭhānamanasikārauddesaparipucchādīnaṃ antarā aññā ekā tathā. <span class="bld">Vippakathā</span>ti aniṭṭhitā sikhaṃ appattā. <span class="bld">Kaṅkhaṇānurūpenā</span>ti tasmiṃ khaṇe dhammasabhāyaṃ sannipatitānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ ajjhāsayānurūpena. <span class="bld">Ida</span>nti idāni vuccamānaṃ mūlapariyāyajātakaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Disāpāmokkho</span>ti <a name="M1.0117"></a> paṇḍitabhāvena sabbadisāsu pamukhabhūto. <span class="bld">Brāhmaṇo</span>ti brahmaṃ aṇatīti brāhmaṇo, mante sajjhāyatīti attho. <span class="bld">Tiṇṇaṃ vedāna</span>nti iruveda-yajuveda-sāmavedānaṃ. <span class="bld">Pāragūti</span> atthaso byañjanaso ca pāraṃ pariyantaṃ gato. Saha nighaṇḍunā ca keṭubhena cāti <span class="bld">sanighaṇḍukeṭubhā,</span> tesaṃ. <span class="bld">Nighaṇḍū</span>ti rukkhādīnaṃ vevacanappakāsakaṃ satthaṃ. <span class="bld">Keṭubha</span>nti kiriyākappavikappo, kavīnaṃ upakārāvahaṃ satthaṃ. Saha akkharappabhedenāti <span class="bld">sākkharappabhedā,</span> tesaṃ, sikkhāniruttisahitānanti attho. <span class="bld">Itihāsapañcamāna</span>nti āthabbaṇavedaṃ catutthaṃ katvā ‘‘itiha asa, itiha asā’’ti īdisavacanapaṭisaṃyutto purāṇakathāsaṅkhāto itihāso pañcamo etesanti itihāsapañcamā, tesaṃ. Padaṃ tadavasesañca byākaraṇaṃ kāyati ajjheti vedeti cāti <span class="bld">padako,</span> veyyākaraṇo. <span class="bld">Lokāyataṃ</span> vuccati vitaṇḍasatthaṃ. Mahāpurisānaṃ buddhādīnaṃ lakkhaṇadīpanagantho <span class="bld">mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṃ</span>. Tesu anūno paripūrakārīti <span class="bld">anavayo</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mante</span>ti vede. Yadipi vedo ‘‘manto, brahmaṃ, kappo’’ti tividho, manto eva pana mūlavedo, tadatthavivaraṇaṃ brahmaṃ, tattha vuttanayena yaññakiriyāvidhānaṃ <span class="bld">kappo</span>. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘manteti vede’’ti. <span class="bld">Paṇḍitā</span>ti paññāvanto. Tathā hi te puthupaññātāya <span class="bld">bahuṃ</span> sahassadvisahassādiparimāṇaṃ ganthaṃ pākaṭaṃ katvā <span class="bld">gaṇhanti</span> uggaṇhanti, javanapaññatāya <span class="bld">lahuṃ</span> sīghaṃ <span class="bld">gaṇhanti,</span> tikkhapaññatāya <a name="V1.0105"></a> <span class="bld">suṭṭhu</span> avirajjhantā <span class="bld">upadhārenti,</span> satinepakkasampattiyā <span class="bld">gahitañca nesaṃ na vinassati</span> na sammussatīti. <span class="bld">Sabbampi sippa</span>nti aṭṭhārasavijjāṭṭhānādibhedaṃ sikkhitabbaṭṭhena sippanti saṅkhyaṃ gataṃ sabbaṃ bāhirakasatthaṃ mokkhāvahasammatampi na mokkhaṃ āvahatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘diṭṭhadhammasamparāyahita’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Sampiṇḍitā hutvā</span>ti yathā mittā, tathā piṇḍitavasena sannipatitā hutvā. ‘‘Evaṃ gayhamāne ādinā virujjheyya, evaṃ antenā’’ti cintentā ñātuṃ icchitassa atthassa pubbenāparaṃ aviruddhaṃ nicchayaṃ gahetuṃ asakkontā <span class="bld">na ādiṃ,</span> na antaṃ addasaṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Lomasānī</span>ti lomavantāni, ghanakesamassuvānīti attho. Kesāpi hi lomaggahaṇena gayhanti yathā ‘‘lomanakhaṃ phusitvā suddhi kātabbā’’ti. Kaṇṇaṃ viyāti <span class="bld">kaṇṇaṃ,</span> paññā, tāya sutvā kātabbakiccasādhanato vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kaṇṇavāti paññavā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā <a name="M1.0118"></a> sattānaṃ gacchante gacchante kāle āyuvaṇṇādiparikkhayo hoti, tasmā taṃ kālena kataṃ viya katvā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘nesaṃ āyu…pe… khādatīti vuccatī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Abhiññāyā</span>ti kusalādibhedaṃ khandhādibhedañca desetabbaṃ dhammaṃ, veneyyānañca āsayānusayacariyāvimuttiādibhedaṃ, tassa ca nesaṃ desetabbappakāraṃ yāthāvato abhijānitvā. <span class="bld">Dhammaṃ desemī</span>ti diṭṭhadhammikasamparāyikanibbānahitāvahaṃ saddhammaṃ kathayāmi. <span class="bld">No</span> <span class="bld">anabhiññāyā</span>ti yathā bāhirakā asammāsambuddhattā vuttavidhiṃ ajānantāyaṃ kiñci takkapariyāhataṃ vīmaṃsānucaritaṃ sayaṃpaṭibhānaṃ kathenti, evaṃ na desemīti attho. <span class="bld">Sanidāna</span>nti sakāraṇaṃ, veneyyānaṃ ajjhāsayavasena vā pucchāya vā aṭṭhuppattiyā vā sanimittaṃ hetuudāharaṇasahitañcāti attho. <span class="bld">Sappāṭihāriya</span>nti sanissaraṇaṃ sappaṭiharaṇaṃ, paccanīkapaṭiharaṇena sappāṭihāriyameva katvā desemīti attho. Apare pana ‘‘yathārahaṃ iddhiādesanānusāsanipāṭihāriyasahita’’nti vadanti, anusāsanipāṭihāriyahitā pana desanā natthīti. Hitūpadesanā <span class="bld">ovādo,</span> sā eva <span class="bld">anusāsanī</span>. Anotiṇṇavatthuvisayo vā <span class="bld">ovādo,</span> otiṇṇavatthuvisayā <span class="bld">anusāsanī</span>. Paṭhamūpadeso vā <span class="bld">ovādo,</span> itarā <span class="bld">anusāsanī. Alañca panā</span>ti yuttameva. <span class="bld">Niṭṭhamagamāsī</span>ti atthasiddhiṃ gatā.</p>
<p class="centered">Tathāgatavāraaṭṭhamanayavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Ayaṃ tāvettha aṭṭhakathāya līnatthavaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Nettinayavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni <a name="V1.0106"></a> (dī. ni. ṭī. 1.149; saṃ. ni. ṭī. 1.1.nettinayavaṇṇanā; a. ni. ṭī. nettinayavaṇṇanā) pakaraṇanayena pāḷiyā atthavaṇṇanaṃ karissāma. Sā panāyaṃ atthavaṇṇanā yasmā desanāya samuṭṭhānapayojanabhājanesu piṇḍatthesu ca niddhāritesu sutarā hoti suviññeyyā ca, tasmā suttadesanāya samuṭṭhānādīni paṭhamaṃ niddhārayissāma. Tattha <span class="bld">samuṭṭhānaṃ</span> tāva pariyattiṃ nissāya mānuppādo, <span class="bld">payojanaṃ</span>mānamaddanaṃ. Vuttañhi aṭṭhakathāyaṃ ‘‘sutapariyattiṃ…pe… ārabhī’’ti. Apica veneyyānaṃ pathavīādibhūtādibhedabhinne sakkāye puthujjanassa sekkhādiariyassa ca saddhiṃ hetunā maññanāmaññanavasena <a name="M1.0119"></a> pavattivibhāgānavabodho <span class="bld">samuṭṭhānaṃ,</span> yathāvuttavibhāgāvabodho <span class="bld">payojanaṃ,</span> veneyyānañhi vuttappakāre visaye yathāvuttānaṃ puggalānaṃ saddhiṃ hetunā maññanāmaññanavasena pavattivibhāgāvabodho <span class="bld">payojanaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica <span class="bld">samuṭṭhānaṃ</span> nāma desanānidānaṃ. Taṃ sādhāraṇaṃ asādhāraṇanti duvidhaṃ. Tattha sādhāraṇampi ajjhattikabāhirabhedato duvidhaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">sādhāraṇaṃ ajjhattikasamuṭṭhānaṃ</span> nāma lokanāthassa mahākaruṇā. Tāya hi samussāhitassa bhagavato veneyyānaṃ dhammadesanāya cittaṃ udapādi. Taṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ ‘‘sattesu ca kāruññataṃ paṭicca buddhacakkhunā lokaṃ volokesī’’tiādi (ma. ni. 1.283; saṃ. ni. 1.172; mahāva. 9). Ettha ca hetāvatthāyapi mahākaruṇāya saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo yāvadeva saṃsāramahoghato saddhammadesanāhatthadānehi sattasantāraṇatthaṃ taduppattito. Yathā ca mahākaruṇā, evaṃ sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ dasabalañāṇādīni ca desanāya abbhantarasamuṭṭhānabhāve vattabbāni. Sabbampi hi ñeyyadhammaṃ, tesaṃ desetabbappakāraṃ, sattānañca āsayānusayādiṃ yāthāvato jānanto bhagavā ṭhānāṭṭhānādīsu kosallena veneyyajjhāsayānurūpaṃ vicittanayadesanaṃ pavattesīti. <span class="bld">Bāhiraṃ</span> pana <span class="bld">sādhāraṇaṃ samuṭṭhānaṃ</span> dasasahassabrahmaparivāritassa sahampatimahābrahmuno ajjhesanaṃ. Tadajjhesanuttarakālañhi dhammagambhīratāpaccavekkhaṇājanitaṃ appossukkataṃ paṭippassambhetvā dhammassāmī dhammadesanāya ussāhajāto ahosi. Asādhāraṇampi ambhantarabāhirabhedato duvidhameva. Tattha <span class="bld">abbhantaraṃ</span> yāya mahākaruṇāya yena ca desanāñāṇena idaṃ suttaṃ pavattitaṃ, tadubhayaṃ veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Bāhiraṃ</span> pana pañcasatānaṃ brāhmaṇajātikānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ pariyattiṃ nissāya mānuppādanaṃ, vuttameva taṃ <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Payojanampi</span> sādhāraṇaṃ asādhāraṇanti duvidhaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">sādhāraṇaṃ</span> anukkamena yāva anupādāparinibbānaṃ <a name="V1.0107"></a> vimuttirasattā bhagavato desanāya. Tenevāha ‘‘etadatthā tathā, etadatthā mantanā’’tiādi (pari. 366). Eteneva ca saṃsāracakkanivatti saddhammacakkappavatti sassatādimicchāvādanirākaraṇaṃ sammāvādapurekkhāro akusalamūlasamūhananaṃ kusalamūlasaṃropanaṃ apāyadvārapidahanaṃ saggamokkhadvāravivaraṇaṃ pariyuṭṭhānavūpasamanaṃ anusayasamugghātanaṃ <a name="M1.0120"></a> ‘‘mutto mocessāmī’’ti (udā. aṭṭha. 18; itivu. aṭṭha. 38) purimapaṭiññāavisaṃvādanaṃ tappaṭipakkhamāramanorathavisaṃvādanaṃ titthiyadhammanimmathanaṃ buddhadhammapatiṭṭhāpananti evamādīnampi payojanānaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Asādhāraṇaṃ</span> pana tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ mānamaddanaṃ. Vuttañcetaṃ <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> (ma. ni. aṭṭha. 1.1) ‘‘desanākusalo bhagavā mānabhañjanatthaṃ ‘sabbadhammamūlapariyāya’nti desanaṃ ārabhī’’ti. Ubhayampetaṃ bāhiyameva. Sace pana veneyyasantānagatampi desanābalasiddhisaṅkhātaṃ payojanaṃ adhippāyasamijjhanabhāvato yathādhippetatthasiddhiyā yathākāruṇikassa bhagavatopi payojanamevāti gaṇheyya, iminā pariyāyenassa abbhantaratāpi veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica veneyyānaṃ pathavīādibhūtādivibhāgabhinne sakkāye puthujjanassa sekkhādiariyassa ca saddhiṃ hetunā maññanāmaññanavasena pavattivibhāgānavabodho samuṭṭhānaṃ, imassa suttassa yathāvuttavibhāgāvabodho payojananti vuttovāyamattho. Veneyyānañhi vuttappakāre visaye yathāvuttānaṃ puggalānaṃ saddhiṃ hetunā maññanāmaññanānaṃ vasena pavattivibhāgāvabodho imaṃ desanaṃ payojeti ‘‘tannipphādanaparāyaṃ desanā’’ti katvā. Yañhi desanāya sādhetabbaṃ phalaṃ, taṃ ākaṅkhitabbattā desakaṃ desanāya payojetīti payojananti vuccati. Tathā veneyyānaṃ sabbaso ekadesato ca maññanānaṃ appahānaṃ, tattha ca ādīnavādassanaṃ, niraṅkusānaṃ maññanānaṃ anekākāravohārassa sakkāye pavattivisesassa ajānanaṃ, tattha ca pahīnamaññanānaṃ paṭipattiyā ajānanaṃ, taṇhāmukhena paccayākārassa ca anavabodhoti evamādīni ca payojanāni idha veditabbāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bhūmittayapariyāpannesu asaṅkhātadhammavippakatapariññādikiccasaṅkhātadhammānaṃ sammāsambuddhassa ca paṭipattiṃ ajānantā asaddhammassavanadhāraṇaparicayamanasikāraparā saddhammassavana-dhāraṇaparicayapaṭivedhavimukhā ca veneyyā imissā desanāya <span class="bld">bhājanaṃ. Piṇḍatthā</span> pana ‘‘assutavā’’tiādinā ayonisomanasikārabahulīkāro akusalamūla-samāyogo olīyanātidhāvanāpariggaho upāyavinibaddhānubrūhanā micchābhinivesasamannāgamo avijjātaṇhā-parisuddhi <a name="M1.0121"></a> vaṭṭattayānuparamo āsavoghayogaganthāgatitaṇhuppādupādānāviyogo cetokhila-cetovinibaddhaabhinandana-nīvaraṇasaṅgānatikkamo <a name="V1.0108"></a> vivādamūlāpariccāgo anusayānupacchedo micchattānativattanaṃ taṇhāmūladhammasannissayatā akusalakammapathānuyogo sabbakilesa-pariḷāhasāraddhakāyacittatāti evamādayo dīpitā honti. ‘‘Pathaviṃ pathavito sañjānātī’’tiādinā taṇhāvicaritaniddeso mānajappanā vipariyesābhiniveso saṃkileso sakkāyapariggaho bālalakkhaṇāpadeso vaṅkattayavibhāvanānuyogo bahukārapaṭipakkhadīpanā tividhanissayasaṃsūcanā āsavakkhayakathananti evamādayo dīpitā honti.</p>
<p class="title">Soḷasahāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Desanāhāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha ye upādānakkhandhadhamme upādāya pathavīādibhūtādibhedā paññatti, te paññattipaṭipādanabhāvena jātijarāmaraṇavisesanadukkhapariyāyena ca vuttā taṇhāvajjā tebhūmakadhammā <span class="bld">dukkhasaccaṃ</span>. Maññanābhinandananandīpariyāyehi vuttā taṇhā <span class="bld">samudayasaccaṃ</span>. Ayaṃ tāva suttantanayo. Abhidhammanaye pana yathāvuttataṇhāya saddhiṃ ‘‘assutavā’’tiādinā dīpitā avijjādayo, maññanāpariyāyena gahitā mānadiṭṭhiyo, bhavapadena gahito kammabhavo cāti sabbepi kilesābhisaṅkhārā <span class="bld">samudayasaccaṃ</span>. Ubhinnaṃ appavatti <span class="bld">nirodhasaccaṃ</span>. Ariyadhammaggahaṇena, pariññābhikkhusekkhābhiññāgahaṇehi, rāgādikhayavacanehi, sammāsambodhigahaṇena ca <span class="bld">maggasaccaṃ</span>. Keci pana taṇhākkhayādivacanehi nirodhasaccaṃ uddharanti, taṃ <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathāya</span> virujjhati tattha taṇhākkhayādīnaṃ maggakiccabhāvassa uddhaṭattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha samudayena <span class="bld">assādo,</span> dukkhena <span class="bld">ādīnavo,</span> magganirodhehi <span class="bld">nissaraṇaṃ,</span> tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ mānabhañjanaṃ <span class="bld">phalaṃ,</span> tathā ‘‘yathāvuttavibhāgāvabodho’’tiādinā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">payojanañca</span>. Tassa nipphattikāraṇattā desanāya vicittatā catunnaṃ puggalānaṃ yāthāvato sabhāvūpadhāraṇañca <span class="bld">upāyo</span><a name="M1.0122"></a>, pathavīādīsu puthujjanādīnaṃ pavattidassanāpadesena pathavīādayo ekantato parijānitabbā, maññanā ca pahātabbāti ayamettha bhagavato <span class="bld">āṇattī</span>ti. Ayaṃ <span class="bld">desanāhāro</span>.</p>
<p class="subhead">2. Vicayahāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Maññanānaṃ <a name="V1.0109"></a> sakkāyassa avisesahetubhāvato, kassacipi tattha asesitabbato ca sabbagahaṇaṃ, sabhāvadhāraṇato nissattanijjīvato ca dhammaggahaṇaṃ, patiṭṭhābhāvato āveṇikahetubhāvato ca mūlaggahaṇaṃ, kāraṇabhāvato desanatthasambhavato ca pariyāyaggahaṇaṃ, sammukhabhāvato sampadānatthasambhavato ca ‘‘vo’’ti vacanaṃ, tathārūpaguṇayogato abhimukhīkaraṇato ca ‘‘bhikkhave’’ti ālapanaṃ. Desetuṃ samatthabhāvato tesaṃ satuppādanatthañca ‘‘desessāmī’’ti paṭijānanaṃ, desetabbatāya paṭiññātabhāvato, yathāpaṭiññañca desanato ‘‘ta’’nti paccāmasanaṃ, sotabbabhāvato, savanatthassa ca ekantena nipphādanato ‘‘suṇāthā’’ti vuttaṃ. Sakkātabbato, sakkaccakiriyāya eva ca tadatthasiddhito ‘‘sādhuka’’nti vuttaṃ. Dhammassa manasikaraṇīyato tadadhīnattā ca sabbasampattīnaṃ ‘‘manasi karothā’’ti vuttaṃ yathāpariññātāya desanāya paribyattabhāvato vitthāratthasambhavato ca ‘‘bhāsissāmī’’ti vuttaṃ. Bhagavato sadevakena lokena sirasā sampaṭicchitabbavacanattā, tassa ca yathādhippetatthasādhanato ‘‘eva’’nti vuttaṃ. Satthu uttamagāravaṭṭhānabhāvato, tattha ca gāravassa uḷārapuññabhāvato ‘‘bhante’’ti vuttaṃ. Bhikkhūnaṃ tathākiriyāya nicchitabhāvato vacanālaṅkārato ca ‘‘kho’’ti vuttaṃ. Savanassa paṭijānitabbato, tathā tehi paṭipannattā ca ‘‘paccassosu’’nti vuttaṃ paccakkhabhāvato, sakalassapi ekajjhaṃ karaṇato ‘‘eta’’nti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vuccamānassa puggalassa lokapariyāpannattā lokādhārattā ca lokaṃ upādāya ‘‘idhā’’ti vuttaṃ. Paṭivedhabāhusaccābhāvato pariyattibāhusaccābhāvato ca ‘‘assutavā’’ti vuttaṃ. Puthūsu, puthu vā janabhāvato ‘‘puthujjano’’ti vuttaṃ. Anariyadhammavirahato ariyadhammasamannāgamato ca ‘‘ariyāna’’nti vuttaṃ. Ariyabhāvakarāya paṭipattiyā abhāvato, tattha kosalladamathābhāvato ‘‘ariyānaṃ adassāvī’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Asantadhammassavanato santadhammasamannāgamato sabbhi pāsaṃsiyato <a name="M1.0123"></a> ca ‘‘sappurisāna’’nti vuttaṃ. Sappurisabhāvakarāya paṭipattiyā abhāvato, tattha ca kosalladamathābhāvato ‘‘sappurisānaṃ adassāvī’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Pathavīvatthukānaṃ maññanānaṃ, upari vuccamānānañcamaññanānaṃ mūlakattā papañcasaṅkhānaṃ ‘‘pathaviṃ pathavito sañjānātī’’ti vuttaṃ. Andhaputhujjanassa ahaṃkāra-mamaṃkārānaṃ katthacipi appahīnattā ‘‘pathaviṃ maññatī’’tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pubbe <a name="V1.0110"></a> aggahitattā, sāmaññato ca gayhamānattā, puggalassa pathavīādiārammaṇasabhāgatāya labbhamānattā ca ‘‘yopī’’ti vuttaṃ. ‘‘Yo’’ti aniyamena gahitassa niyametabbato paṭiniddisitabbato ca; ‘‘so’’ti vuttaṃ sātisayaṃ saṃsāre bhayassa ikkhanato kilesabhedanasambhavato ca ‘‘bhikkhū’’ti vuttaṃ. Sikkhāhi samannāgamato sekkhadhammapaṭilābhato ca ‘‘sekkho’’ti vuttaṃ. Manasā laddhabbassa arahattassa anadhigatattā adhigamanīyato ca ‘‘appattamānaso’’ti vuttaṃ. Aparena anuttaraṇīyato, paraṃ anucchavikabhāvena uttaritvā ṭhitattā ca ‘‘anuttara’’nti vuttaṃ. Yogena bhāvanāya kāmayogādito ca khemaṃ sivaṃ anupaddavanti ‘‘yogakkhema’’nti vuttaṃ. Chandappavattiyā ussukkāpattiyā ca ‘‘patthayamāno’’ti vuttaṃ. Tadatthassa sabbaso sabbairiyāpathavihārassa samathavipassanāvihārassa dibbavihārassa ca vasena ‘‘viharatī’’ti vuttaṃ. Sekkhassa sabbaso abhiññeyyabhāvañceva pariññeyyabhāvañca ñāṇena abhibhavitvā jānanato ‘‘abhijānātī’’ti vuttaṃ. Sekkhassa sabbaso appahīnamaññanatāya abhāvato ‘‘mā maññī’’ti vuttaṃ. Sesaṃ vuttanayānusārena veditabbaṃ. Iminā nayena ito paraṃ sabbapadesu vinicchayo kātabbo. Sakkā hi <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathaṃ</span> tassā <span class="bld">līnatthavaṇṇana</span>ñca anugantvā ayamattho viññūhi vibhāvetunti ativitthārabhayena na vitthārayimha. Iti anupadavicayato <span class="bld">vicayo hāro</span>.</p>
<p class="subhead">3. Yuttihāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sakkāyassa sabbamaññanānaṃ mūlabhāvo yujjati parikappamattakattā lokavicittassa. Byāhusaccadvayarahitassa andhaputhujjanabhāvo yujjati puthukilesābhisaṅkhārajananādisabhāvattā. Yathāvuttaputhujjanassa vā vuttappakārabāhusaccābhāvo yujjati tasmiṃ sati sabbhāvato. Tattha assutavato <a name="M1.0124"></a> puthujjanassa ariyānaṃ sappurisānañca adassāvitādi yujjati ariyakaradhammānaṃ ariyabhāvassa ca tena adiṭṭhattā appaṭipannattā ca tathā tassa pathaviyā ‘‘ahaṃ pathavī, mama pathavī, paro pathavī’’ti sañjānanaṃ yujjati ahaṃkāramamaṃkārānaṃ sabbena sabbaṃ appahīnattā. Tathā sañjānato cassa pathaviṃ kammādikaraṇādivasena gahetvā nānappakārato maññanāpavatti yujjati saññānidānattā papañcasaṅkhānaṃ. Yo maññati, tassa apariññātavatthukatā yujjati pariññāya vinā maññanāpahānābhāvato. ‘‘Āpaṃ āpato sañjānātī’’tiādīsupi eseva nayo. Apariyositasikkhassa appattamānasatā yujjati katakiccatābhāvato. Sekkhassa sato yogakkhemapatthanā yujjati tadadhimuttabhāvato. Tathā tassa pathaviyā abhijānanā yujjati pariññāpahānesu mattaso kāribhāvato. Tato eva cassa ‘‘mā maññī’’ti vattabbatā yujjati vatthupariññāya <a name="V1.0111"></a> viya maññanāpahānassapi vippakatabhāvato. Sekkhassa pathaviyā pariññeyyatā yujjati pariññātuṃ sakkuṇeyyattā sabbaso apariññātattā ca. ‘‘Āpaṃ āpato’’tiādīsupi eseva nayo. Arahattādiyuttassa pathaviyādīnaṃ abhijānanā maññanābhāvo ca yujjati saṅkhātadhammattā, sabbaso kilesānaṃ pahīnattā, tato eva cassa vītarāgādibhāvo tato sammadeva ca paṭiccasamuppādassa paṭividdhatāti. Ayaṃ <span class="bld">yuttihāro</span>.</p>
<p class="subhead">4. Padaṭṭhānahāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kissopi maññanā sakkāyassa padaṭṭhānaṃ, maññanānaṃ ayonisomanasikāro padaṭṭhānaṃ, sutadvayaviraho andhaputhujjanabhāvassa padaṭṭhānaṃ, so ariyānaṃ adassāvitāya padaṭṭhānaṃ, sā ariyadhammassa akovidatāya padaṭṭhānaṃ, sā ariyadhamme avinītatāya padaṭṭhānaṃ. ‘‘Sappurisānaṃ adassāvī’’ti etthāpi eseva nayo. Saññāvipallāso maññanānaṃ padaṭṭhānaṃ. Saññānidānā hi papañcasaṅkhāti. Maññanāsu ca taṇhāmaññanā itaramaññanānaṃ padaṭṭhānaṃ ‘‘taṇhāgatānaṃ paritassitavipphandita’’nti, (dī. ni. 1.105-109) ‘‘taṇhāpaccayā upādāna’’nti (ma. ni. 3.126; mahāva. 1) ca vacanato, taṇhāgatasseva ca ‘‘seyyohamasmi’’ntiādinā mānajappanāsabbhāvatā. Sabbāpi vā maññanā sabbāsaṃ maññanānaṃ padaṭṭhānaṃ<a name="M1.0125"></a>. ‘‘Upādānapaccayā taṇhā’’ti hi vacanato diṭṭhipi taṇhāya padaṭṭhānaṃ. ‘‘Ahamasmi brahmā mahābrahmā’’ti (dī. ni. 1.42; 3.39) ādivacanato mānopi diṭṭhiyā padaṭṭhānaṃ. Tathā ‘‘asmīti sati itthaṃsmīti hoti, evaṃsmīti hoti, aññathāsmīti hotī’’tiādivacanato mānassapi taṇhāya padaṭṭhānatā labbhateva. Sekkhā dhammā sappadesato maññanāpahānassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Asekkhā nippadesato maññanāpahānassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Kammabhavo ca jātiyā padaṭṭhānaṃ. Jāti jarāmaraṇassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Paccayākārassa yathābhūtāvabodho sammāsambodhiyā padaṭṭhānanti. Ayaṃ <span class="bld">padaṭṭhāno hāro</span>.</p>
<p class="subhead">5. Lakkhaṇahāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Sabbadhammamūlapariyāya’’nti ettha mūlaggahaṇena mūlapariyāyaggahaṇena vā yathā taṇhāmānadiṭṭhiyo gayhanti, evaṃ dosamohādīnampi sakkāyamūladhammānaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo sakkāyassa mūlabhāvena ekalakkhaṇattā. ‘‘Assutavā’’ti iminā yathā tassa puggalassa pariyattipaṭivedhasaddhammānaṃ abhāvo gayhati, evaṃ paṭipattisaddhammassapi abhāvo gayhati saddhammabhāvena ekalakkhaṇattā. Ariyānaṃ adassanakāmatādilakkhaṇā. ‘‘Ariyadhammassa akovido’’ti <a name="V1.0112"></a> iminā ariyadhammādhigamassa vibandhabhūtaṃ aññāṇaṃ. ‘‘Ariyadhamme avinīto’’ti iminā ariyavinayābhāvo. So panatthato ariyavinaye appaṭipatti eva vāti tīhipi padehi yathāvuttavisayā micchādiṭṭhi vicikicchā ca gahitāva honti. Taggahaṇena ca sabbepi akusalā dhammā saṅgahitāva honti saṃkilesalakkhaṇena ekalakkhaṇattā. ‘‘Sappurisānaṃ adassāvī’’ti etthāpi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Pathaviṃ pathavito sañjānātī’’ti idaṃ diṭṭhimaññanādīnaṃ saññāya kāraṇabhāvadassanaṃ. Tattha yathā saññā, evaṃ vitakkaphassāvijjāayonisomanasikārādayopi tāsaṃ kāraṇanti atthato tesampettha saṅgaho vutto hoti maññanānaṃ kāraṇabhāvena ekalakkhaṇattā. ‘‘Maññatī’’ti iminā maññanākiccena taṇhāmānadiṭṭhiyo gahitā <a name="M1.0126"></a> tāsaṃ kilesasabhāvattā. Taggahaṇeneva vicikicchādinampi saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo kilesalakkhaṇena ekalakkhaṇattā. Tathā taṇhāya hetusabhāvattā taggahaṇeneva avasiṭṭhākusalahetūnaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo hetulakkhaṇena ekalakkhaṇattā. Tathā taṇhādiṭṭhīnaṃ āsavādisabhāvattā taggahaṇeneva avasiṭṭhāsavoghayogaganthanīvaraṇādīnampi saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo āsavādisabhāvattā ekalakkhaṇattā. Tathā ‘‘pathaviṃ maññatī’’tiādinā pathavīādīnaṃ rūpasabhāvattā tabbisayānañca maññanānaṃ rūpavisayattā taggahaṇeneva sakalarūpakkhandhavisayāpi maññanā dassitā honti rūpavisayalakkhaṇena āsaṃ ekalakkhaṇattā. Evaṃ cakkhāyatanādivisayāpi maññanā niddhāretabbā. ‘‘Apariññāta’’nti pariññāpaṭikkhepena tappaṭibaddhakilesānaṃ pahānapaṭikkhepoti daṭṭhabbo maggakiccabhāvena pariññāpahānānaṃ ekalakkhaṇattā. Iminā nayena sesesupi yathārahaṃ ekalakkhaṇā niddhāretabbāti. Ayaṃ <span class="bld">lakkhaṇo hāro</span>.</p>
<p class="subhead">6. Catubyūhahāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pathavīādīsu vatthūsu byañjanacchāyāya atthaṃ gahetvā dhammagambhīrataṃ asallakkhetvā asaddhammassavanādinā vañcitā hutvā saddhammassavanadhāraṇaparicayamanasikāravimukhā pathavīādīsu vatthūsu puthujjanasekkhāsekkhatathāgatānaṃ paṭipattivisesaṃ ajānantā ca veneyyā imissā desanāya <span class="bld">nidānaṃ</span>. Te ‘‘kathaṃ nu kho yathāvuttadosavinimuttā yathāvuttañca visesaṃ jānantā sammāpaṭipattiyā ubhayahitaparāyaṇā saveyyu’’nti ayamettha bhagavato <span class="bld">adhippāyo</span>. Padanibbacanaṃ <span class="bld">niruttaṃ,</span> taṃ ‘‘eva’’ntiādinidānapadānaṃ, ‘‘sabbadhammamūlapariyāya’’ntiādipāḷipadānañca <a name="V1.0113"></a> <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathāyaṃ,</span> tassā <span class="bld">līnatthavaṇṇanāya</span>ñceva vuttanayena suviññeyyattā ativitthārabhayena na vitthārayimha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Padapadatthadesanānikkhepasuttasandhivasena pañcavidhā sandhi. Tattha padassa padantarena sambandho <span class="bld">padasandhi,</span> tathā padatthassa padatthantarena sambandho <span class="bld">padatthasandhi,</span> yo ‘‘kiriyākārakasambandho’’ti vuccati. Nānānusandhikassa suttassa taṃtaṃanusandhīhi sambandho, ekānusandhikassa pana pubbāparasambandho <span class="bld">desanāsandhi</span>. Yā <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> ‘‘pucchānusandhi ajjhāsayānusandhi yathānusandhī’’ti <a name="M1.0127"></a> tidhā vibhattā. Ajjhāsayo cettha attajjhāsayo parajjhāsayoti dvidhā veditabbo. Yaṃ panettha vattabbaṃ, taṃ heṭṭhā nidānavaṇṇanāyaṃ vuttameva. <span class="bld">Nikkhepasandhi</span> catunnaṃ suttanikkhepānaṃ vasena veditabbo. <span class="bld">Suttasandhi</span> idha paṭhamanikkhepavaseneva veditabbo. Kasmā panettha mūlapariyāyasuttameva paṭhamaṃ nikkhittanti? Nāyamanuyogo katthaci nappavattati, apica yasmā maññanāmūlakaṃ sakkāyaṃ, sabbamaññanā ca tattha eva anekabhedabhinnā pavattati, na tassā savisayāya lesamattampi sāraṃ atthīti pathavīādivibhāgabhinnesu maññanāsu ca sātisayaṃ nibbedhavirāgasañjananī upari sekkhāsekkhatathāgataguṇavibhāvanī ca ayaṃ desanā. Suttantadesanā ca visesato diṭṭhiviniveṭhanakathā, tasmā sanissayassa diṭṭhiggāhassa ādito asārabhāvadīpanaṃ upari ca sabbesaṃ ariyānaṃ guṇavisesavibhāvanamidaṃ suttaṃ paṭhamaṃ nikkhittaṃ. Kiñca sakkāye maññanāmaññanāmukhena pavattinivattīsu ādīnavānisaṃsavibhāvanato sabbesaṃ puggalānaṃ paṭipattivibhāgato ca idameva suttaṃ paṭhamaṃ nikkhittaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yaṃ pana ekissā desanāya desanantarena saddhiṃ saṃsandanaṃ, ayampi desanāsandhi, sā evaṃ veditabbā. ‘‘Assutavā puthujjano…pe… nibbānaṃ abhinandatī’’ti ayaṃ desanā. ‘‘Idha, bhikkhave, assutavā puthujjano…pe… sappurisadhamme avinīto manasikaraṇīye dhamme nappajānāti, amanasikaraṇīye ca dhamme nappajānāti, so manasikaraṇīye dhamme appajānanto amanasikaraṇīye ca dhamme appajānanto ye dhammā na manasikaraṇīyā, te dhamme manasi karoti…pe… anuppanno vā kāmāsavo uppajjati, uppanno vā kāmāsavo pavaḍḍhati. Anuppanno vā bhavāsavo uppajjati, uppanno vā bhavāsavo pavaḍḍhati, anuppanno vā avijjāsavo uppajjati, uppanno vā avijjāsavo pavaḍḍhatī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.17) imāya desanāya saṃsandati. Tathā ‘‘tassetaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ subhanimittaṃ manasi karissati, tassa subhanimittassa manasikārā rāgo cittaṃ anuddhaṃsessati, so sarāgo sadoso samoho sāṅgaṇo saṃkiliṭṭhacitto kālaṃ karissatī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.59) imāya desanāya saṃsandati. Tathā ‘‘cakkhuñcāvuso <a name="V1.0114"></a> paṭicca rūpe ca uppajjati cakkhuviññāṇaṃ, tiṇṇaṃ saṅgati phasso, phassapaccayā <a name="M1.0128"></a> vedanā. Yaṃ vedeti taṃ sañjānāti, yaṃ sañjānāti taṃ vitakketi, yaṃ vitakketi taṃ papañceti, yaṃ papañceti tatonidānaṃ purisaṃ papañcasaññāsaṅkhā samudācarantī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.204) imāya desanāya saṃsandati. Tathā ‘‘idha, bhikkhave, asutavā puthujjano…pe… sappurisadhamme avinīto rūpaṃ ‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’ti samanupassati. Vedanaṃ…pe…, saññaṃ…pe…, saṅkhāre…pe…, viññāṇaṃ ‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’ti samanupassati. Yampi taṃ diṭṭhaṃ…pe… yampi taṃ diṭṭhiṭṭhānaṃ, so loko so attā so pecca bhavissāmi nicco dhuvo sassato avipariṇāmadhammo sassatisamaṃ tatheva ṭhassāmīti, tampi ‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’ti samanupassatī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.241) imāya desanāya saṃsandati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Yopi so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu…pe… nibbānaṃ mābhinandī’’ti ayaṃ desanā. ‘‘Idha, devānaminda, bhikkhuno sutaṃ hoti ‘sabbe dhammā nālaṃ abhinivesāyā’ti, evañcetaṃ, devānaminda, bhikkhuno sutaṃ hoti ‘sabbe dhammā nālaṃ abhinivesāyā’ti, so sabbaṃ dhammaṃ abhijānāti, sabbaṃ dhammaṃ abhiññāya sabbaṃ dhammaṃ parijānāti, sabbaṃ dhammaṃ pariññāya yaṃ kiñci vedanaṃ vedeti sukhaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vā adukkhamasukhaṃ vā, so tāsu vedanāsu aniccānupassī viharati, virāgānupassī viharati, nirodhānupassī viharati, paṭinissaggānupassī viharatī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.390) imāya desanāya saṃsandati. ‘‘Yopi so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu arahaṃ…pe… abhisambuddhoti vadāmī’’ti ayaṃ desanā ‘‘sutavā ca kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako…pe… sappurisadhamme suvinīto rūpaṃ ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti samanupassati, vedanaṃ…pe…, saññaṃ…pe…, saṅkhāre…pe…, viññāṇaṃ ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti samanupassati. Yampi taṃ diṭṭhaṃ sutaṃ viññātaṃ pattaṃ pariyesitaṃ anuvicaritaṃ manasā, tampi ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti samanupassati. Yampi taṃ diṭṭhiṭṭhānaṃ, so loko so attā so pecca bhavissāmi ‘nicco dhuvo sassato api pariṇāmadhammo sassatisamaṃ tatheva ṭhassāmī’ti, tampi ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti samanupassati. So evaṃ samanupassanto na paritassatī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.241) evamādidesanāhi saṃsandatīti, ayaṃ <span class="bld">catubyūho hāro</span>.</p>
<p class="subhead">7. Āvattahāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Assutavā <a name="V1.0115"></a><a name="M1.0129"></a> puthujjano’’ti iminā yonisomanasikārapaṭikkhepamukhena ayonisomanasikārapariggaho dīpito. ‘‘Ariyānaṃ adassāvī’’tiādinā sappurisūpanissayādipaṭikkhepamukhena asappurisūpanissayādipariggaho dīpito. Tesu purimanayena āsayavipatti kittitā, dutiyena payogavipatti. Purimena cassa kilesavaṭṭaṃ, tañca yato vipākavaṭṭanti sakalaṃ saṃsāracakkamāvattati. ‘‘Pathaviṃ maññatī’’tiādinā tattha tisso maññanā vuttā. Tāsu taṇhāmaññanā ‘‘etaṃ mamā’’ti taṇhāggāho, mānamaññanā ‘‘esohamasmī’’ti mānaggāho, diṭṭhimaññanā ‘‘eso me attā’’ti diṭṭhiggāho. Tattha taṇhāggāhena ‘‘taṇhaṃ paṭiccapariyesanā’’tiādikā (dī. ni. 2.103; dī. ni. 3.359; a. ni. 3.23; vibha. 963) nava taṇhāmūlakā dhammā āvattanti. Mānaggāhena ‘‘seyyohamasmī’’tiādikā nava mānavidhā āvattanti. Diṭṭhiggāhena ‘‘rūpaṃ attato samanupassatī’’tiādikā (saṃ. ni. 4.345) vīsativatthukā sakkāyadiṭṭhi āvattati. Tīsu ca gāhesu yāya saññāya taṇhāggāhassa vikkhambhanā, sā dukkhasaññā dukkhānupassanā. Yāya saññāya mānaggāhassa vikkhambhanā, sā aniccasaññā aniccānupassanā. Yāya pana saññāya diṭṭhiggāhassa vikkhambhanā, sā anattasaññā anattānupassanā. Tattha paṭhamaggāhavisabhāgato appaṇihitavimokkhamukhaṃ āvattati, dutiyaggāhavisabhāgato animittavimokkhamukhaṃ āvattati, tatiyaggāhavisabhāgato suññatavimokkhamukhaṃ āvattati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sekkhaggahaṇena ariyāya sammādiṭṭhiyā saṅgaho, tato ca paratoghosayonisomanasikārā dīpitā honti. Paratoghosena ca sutavā ariyasāvakoti āvattati, yonisomanasikārena nava yonisomanasikāramūlakā dhammā āvattanti, catubbidhañca sampatticakkaṃ. ‘‘Mā maññī’’ti maññanānaṃ vippakatappahānatāgahaṇena ekaccāsavaparikkhayo dīpito hoti, tena ca saddhāvimuttadiṭṭhippattakāyasakkhibhāvā āvattanti. ‘‘Arahaṃ khīṇāsavo’’tiādinā asekkhā sīlakkhandhādayo dassitā honti, sīlakkhandhādipāripūriyā ca dasa nāthakaraṇā dhammā āvattanti. ‘‘Na maññatī’’ti maññanāpaṭikkhepena pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu ‘‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’’ti sammāpaṭipatti dassitā, tāya ca sātisayā nikantipariyādānamānasamugghāṭanadiṭṭhiugghāṭanāni <a name="M1.0130"></a> pakāsitānīti appaṇihitānimitta-suññatavimokkhā āvattanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Tathāgato’’tiādinā <a name="V1.0116"></a> sabbaññuguṇā vibhāvitāti tadavinābhāvato dasabala-catuvesārajjaasādhāraṇañāṇaāveṇikabuddhadhammā āvattanti. ‘‘Nandī dukkhassa mūla’’ntiādinā saddhiṃ hetunā vaṭṭavivaṭṭaṃ kathitanti pavattinivattitadubhayahetuvibhāvanena cattāri ariyasaccāni āvattanti. ‘‘Taṇhānaṃ khayā’’tiādinā taṇhappahānāpadesena tadekaṭṭhabhāvato diyaḍḍhassa kilesasahassassa pahānaṃ āvattati. ‘‘Sabbaso taṇhānaṃ khayā sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambuddho’’ti ca vuttattā ‘‘nandī dukkhassa mūla’’nti, ‘‘iti viditvā’’tiādinā vuttassa maññanābhāvahetubhūtassa paccayākāravedanassa sāvakehi asādhāraṇañāṇacārabhāvo dassito, tena catuvīsatikoṭisatasahassasamāpattisañcāri bhagavato mahāvajirañāṇaṃ āvattatīti. Ayaṃ <span class="bld">āvatto hāro</span>.</p>
<p class="subhead">8. Vibhattihāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Sabbadhammamūlapariyāya’’nti ettha sabbadhammā nāma tebhūmakā dhammā sakkāyassa adhippetattā. Tesaṃ maññanā padaṭṭhānaṃ papañcasaṅkhānimittattā lokavicittassa. Tayime kusalā akusalā abyākatāti tividhā. Tesu kusalānaṃ yonisomanasikārādi padaṭṭhānaṃ, akusalānaṃ ayonisomanasikārādi, abyākatānaṃ kammabhavaāvajjanabhūtarūpādi padaṭṭhānaṃ. Tattha kusalā kāmāvacarādivasena bhūmito tividhā, tathā abyākatā cittuppādasabhāvā, acittuppādasabhāvā pana kāmāvacarāva tathā akusalā. Pariyattipaṭipattipaṭivedhasutakiccābhāvena tividho assutavā. Andhakalyāṇavibhāgena duvidho puthujjano. Sammāsambuddhapaccekabuddhasāvakabhedena tividhā ariyā. Maṃsacakkhudibbacakkhupaññācakkhūhi dassanābhāvena tividho adassāvī. Maggaphalanibbānabhedena tividho, navavidho vā ariyadhammo. Savanadhāraṇaparicayamanasikārapaṭivedhavasena pañcavidhā ariyadhammassa kovidatā. Tadabhāvato akovido. Saṃvarapahānabhedena duvidho, dasavidho vā ariyadhammavinayo, tadabhāvato ariyadhamme avinīto. Ettha padaṭṭhānavibhāgo heṭṭhā dassitoyeva. ‘‘Sappurisānaṃ adassāvī’’tiādīsupi eseva nayo. ‘‘Pathaviṃ maññatī’’tiādīsu maññanāvatthuvibhāgo pāḷiyaṃ āgatova, tathā ajjhattikabāhirādiko ca antaravibhāgo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Maññanā <a name="M1.0131"></a> pana taṇhāmānadiṭṭhivasena saṅkhepato tividhā, vitthārato pana taṇhāmaññanā tāva kāmataṇhādivasena aṭṭhasatavidhā, tathā ‘‘asmīti sati itthaṃsmīti hotī’’tiādinā. Evaṃ mānamaññanāpi. ‘‘Asmīti sati itthaṃsmīti hotī’’tiādinā papañcattayaṃ uddiṭṭhaṃ niddiṭṭhañcāti<a name="V1.0117"></a>. Etena diṭṭhimaññanāyapi aṭṭhasatavidhatā vuttāti veditabbā. Apica seyyassa ‘‘seyyohamasmī’’tiādinā mānamaññanāya navavidhatā tadantarabhedena anekavidhatā ca veditabbā. Ayañca attho hīnattikatthavaṇṇanāya vibhāvetabbo. Diṭṭhimaññanāya pana <span class="bld">brahmajāle</span> āgatanayena dvāsaṭṭhividhatā tadantarabhedena anekavidhatā ca veditabbā. ‘‘Apariññāta’’nti ettha ñātapariññādivasena ceva rūpamukhādiabhinivesabhedādivasena ca pariññānaṃ anekavidhatā veditabbā. Tathā aṭṭhamakādivasena sekkhavibhāgo paññāvimuttādivasena asekkhavibhāgo ca. Ayamettha dhammavibhāgo. Padaṭṭhānavibhāgo ca bhūmivibhāgo ca vuttanayānusārena veditabbāti. Ayaṃ <span class="bld">vibhattihāro</span>.</p>
<p class="subhead">9. Parivattahāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Sabbadhammamūlapariyāya’’nti ettha ‘‘sabbadhammā’’ti pañcupādānakkhandhā gahitā, tesaṃ mūlakāraṇanti ca taṇhāmānadiṭṭhiyo. Tathā assutavā puthujjano…pe… sappurisadhamme avinītoti. Yāvakīvañca pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu subhato sukhato niccato attato samanupassanavasena ‘‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’’ti taṇhāmānadiṭṭhigāhā na samucchijjanti, tāva nesaṃ pabandhūparamo supinantepi na kenaci laddhapubbo. Yadā pana nesaṃ asubhato dukkhato aniccato anattato samanupassanavasena ‘‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’’ti pavattamānā appaṇihitānimittasuññatānupassanā ussakkitvā ariyamaggādhigamāya saṃvattanti, atha nesaṃ pabandhūparamo hoti accantaappaññattikabhāvūpagamanato. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘sabbadhammāti pañcupādānakkhandhā gahitā, tesaṃ mūlakāraṇanti ca taṇhāmānadiṭṭhiyo’’ti. Tathā assutavā puthujjano…pe… sappurisadhamme avinīto tīhipi maññanāhi pathaviṃ maññati yāva nibbānaṃ abhinandati, tīhipi pariññāhi tassa taṃ vatthu apariññātanti katvā. Yassa pana taṃ vatthu tīhi pariññāhi pariññātaṃ, na so itaro viya taṃ maññati. Tenāha <a name="M1.0132"></a> bhagavā ‘‘sutavā ca kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako…pe… sappurisadhamme suvinīto rūpaṃ ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti samanupassati, vedanaṃ…pe… asati na paritassatī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.241). Sekkho pathaviṃ mā maññi, yāva nibbānaṃ mābhinandi, arahā sammāsambuddho ca pathaviṃ na maññati, yāva nibbānaṃ nābhinandati, maññanāmaññitesu vatthūsu mattaso sabbaso ca pariññābhisamayasaṃsiddhiyā pahānābhisamayanibbattito. Yassa pana tesu vatthūsu sabbaso mattaso vā pariññā eva natthi, kuto pahānaṃ, so yathāparikappaṃ niraṅkusāhi maññanāhi ‘‘etaṃ mamā’’tiādinā <a name="V1.0118"></a> maññateva. Tenāha bhagavā ‘‘idha, bhikkhave, assutavā puthujjano…pe… sappurisadhamme avinīto rūpaṃ ‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’ti samanupassati, vedanaṃ…pe…, sañña…pe…’’ntiādi (ma. ni. 1.241). Ayaṃ <span class="bld">parivatto hāro</span>.</p>
<p class="subhead">10. Vevacanahāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Sabbadhammā sakaladhammā anavasesadhammā’’ti pariyāyavacanaṃ, ‘‘mūlapariyāyaṃ mūlakāraṇaṃ asādhāraṇahetu’’nti pariyāyavacanaṃ, ‘‘mūlapariyāyanti vā mūladesanaṃ kāraṇatathana’’nti pariyāyavacanaṃ, ‘‘vo tumhākaṃ tumha’’nti pariyāyavacanaṃ, ‘‘bhikkhave, samaṇā tapassino’’ti pariyāyavacanaṃ, ‘‘desessāmī kathessāmī paññapessāmī’’ti pariyāyavacanaṃ, ‘‘suṇātha sotaṃ odahatha sotadvārānusārena upadhārethā’’ti pariyāyavacanaṃ, ‘‘sādhukaṃ sammā sakkacca’’nti pariyāyavacanaṃ, ‘‘manasi karotha citte ṭhapetha samannāharathā’’ti pariyāyavacanaṃ, ‘‘bhāsissāmi byattaṃ kathessāmi vibhajissāmī’’ti pariyāyavacanaṃ, ‘‘evaṃ, bhante, sādhu suṭṭhu bhante’’ti pariyāyavacanaṃ, ‘‘paccassosuṃ sampaṭicchiṃsu sampaṭiggahesu’’nti pariyāyavacanaṃ. Iminā nayena sabbapadesu vevacanaṃ vattabbanti. Ayaṃ <span class="bld">vevacano hāro</span>.</p>
<p class="subhead">11. Paññattihāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Sabbadhammamūlapariyāya’’nti ettha sabbadhammā nāma sakkāyadhammā, te khandhavasena pañcadhā paññattā, āyatanavasena dvādasadhā, dhātuvasena aṭṭhārasadhā <a name="M1.0133"></a> paññattā. ‘‘Mūla’’nti vā ‘‘mūlapariyāya’’nti vā maññanā vuttā, tā taṇhāmānadiṭṭhivasena tidhā antarabhedena anekadhā ca paññattā. Atha vā ‘‘sabbadhammā’’ti tebhūmakadhammānaṃ saṅgahapaññatti, ‘‘mūlapariyāya’’nti tesaṃ pabhavapaññatti, ‘‘vo’’ti sampadānapaññati, ‘‘desessāmi bhāsissāmī’’ti paṭiññāpaññatti, ‘‘suṇātha sādhukaṃ manasi karothā’’ti ca āṇāpanapaññatti, ‘‘assutavā’’ti paṭivedhavimukhatāpaññatti ceva pariyattivimukhatāpaññatti ca, ‘‘puthujjano’’ti anariyapaññatti, sā ariyadhammapaṭikkhepapaññatti ceva ariyadhammavirahapaññatti ca, ‘‘ariyāna’’nti asamapaññatti ceva samapaññatti ca. Tattha asamapaññatti tathāgatapaññatti, samapaññatti paccekabuddhānañceva ubhatobhāgavimuttādīnañca vasena aṭṭhavidhā veditabbā. ‘‘Ariyānaṃ adassāvī’’tiādi dassanabhāvanāpaṭikkhepapaññatti, ‘‘pathaviṃ maññatī’’tiādi pañcannaṃ upādānakkhandhānaṃ dvādasannaṃ āyatanānaṃ aṭṭhārasannaṃ dhātūnaṃ sammasanupagānaṃ indriyānaṃ nikkhepapaññatti <a name="V1.0119"></a> ceva pabhavapaññatti ca, tathā vipallāsānaṃ kiccapaññatti pariyuṭṭhānaṃ dassanapaññatti kilesānaṃ phalapaññatti abhisaṅkhārānaṃ virūhanapaññatti taṇhāya assādanapaññatti diṭṭhiyā vipphandanapaññatti, ‘‘sekkhā’’ti saddhānusārīsaddhāvimuttadiṭṭhippattakāyasakkhīnaṃ dassanapaññatti ceva bhāvanāpaññatti ca ‘‘appattamānaso’’ti sekkhadhammānaṃ ṭhitipaññatti, ‘‘anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ patthayamāno’’ti paññāya abhinibbidāpaññatti, ‘‘abhijānātī’’ti abhiññeyyadhammānaṃ abhiññāpaññatti, dukkhassa pariññāpaññatti, samudayassa pahānapaññatti, nirodhassa sacchikiriyāpaññatti, maggassa bhāvanāpaññatti, ‘‘mā maññī’’ti maññanānaṃ paṭikkhepapaññatti, samudayassa pahānapaññatti. Iminā nayena sesapadesupi vitthāretabbaṃ. Ayaṃ <span class="bld">paññatti hāro</span>.</p>
<p class="subhead">12. Otaraṇahāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Sabbadhammamūlapariyāya’’nti ettha sabbadhammā nāma lokiyā pañcakkhandhā dvādasāyatanāni aṭṭhārasa dhātuyo dve saccāni ekūnavisati indriyāni dvādasapadiko paccayākāroti, ayaṃ sabbadhammaggahaṇena khandhādimukhena desanāya otaraṇaṃ. ‘‘Mūla’’nti vā ‘‘mūlapariyāya’’nti vā maññanā vuttā, tā atthato taṇhā māno diṭṭhi cāti tesaṃ saṅkhārakkhandhasaṅgahoti ayaṃ khandhamukhena otaraṇaṃ. Tathā ‘‘dhammāyatanadhammadhātūhi saṅgaho’’ti ayaṃ āyatanamukhena dhātumukhena ca otaraṇaṃ. ‘‘Assutavā’’ti iminā sutassa <a name="M1.0134"></a> vibandhabhūtā avijjādayo gahitā, ‘‘puthujjano’’ti iminā yesaṃ kilesābhisaṅkhārānaṃ jananādinā puthujjanoti vuccati, te kilesābhisaṅkhārādayo gahitā, ‘‘ariyānaṃ adassāvī’’tiādinā yesaṃ kilesadhammānaṃ vasena ariyānaṃ adassāviādibhāvo hoti, te diṭṭhimānāvijjādayo gahitāti sabbehi tehi saṅkhārakkhandhasaṅgahoti pubbe vuttanayeneva otaraṇaṃ veditabbaṃ. ‘‘Sañjānāti maññati abhijānāti na maññatī’’ti etthāpi sañjānanamaññanāabhijānanānupassanānaṃ saṅkhārakkhandhapariyāpannattā vuttanayeneva otaraṇaṃ veditabbaṃ. Tathā sekkhaggahaṇena sekkhā, ‘‘araha’’ntiādinā asekkhā sīlakkhandhādayo gahitāti evampi khandhamukhena otaraṇaṃ, āyatanadhātādimukhena ca otaraṇaṃ veditabbaṃ. Tathā ‘‘na maññatī’’ti taṇhāgāhādipaṭikkhepena dukkhānupassanādayo gahitā, tesaṃ vasena appaṇihitavimokkhamukhādīhi otaraṇaṃ veditabbaṃ. ‘‘Pariññāta’’nti iminā parijānanakiccena pavattamānā bodhipakkhiyadhammā gayhantīti satipaṭṭhānādimukhena otaraṇaṃ veditabbaṃ. Nandiggahaṇena bhavaggahaṇena taṇhāgahaṇena ca samudayasaccaṃ, dukkhaggahaṇena jātijarāmaraṇaggahaṇena ca dukkhasaccaṃ, ‘‘taṇhānaṃ khayā’’tiādinā <a name="V1.0120"></a> nirodhasaccaṃ, abhisambodhiyā gahaṇena maggasaccaṃ gahitanti ariyasaccehi otaraṇanti. Ayaṃ <span class="bld">otaraṇo hāro</span>.</p>
<p class="subhead">13. Sodhanahāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Sabbadhammamūlapariyāyaṃ vo, bhikkhave…pe… idha, bhikkhave, assutavā…pe… pathaviṃ pathavito sañjānātī’’ti ārambho. ‘‘Pathaviṃ pathaviyā saññatvā pathaviṃ maññatī’’ti padasuddhi, no ārambhasuddhi. Tathā ‘‘pathaviyā maññati pathavito maññati pathaviṃ meti maññati pathaviṃ abhinandatī’’ti padasuddhi, no ārambhasuddhi. ‘‘Taṃ kissa hetu apariññātaṃ tassāti vadāmī’’ti padasuddhi ceva ārambhasuddhi ca. Sesavāresupi eseva nayoti. Ayaṃ <span class="bld">sodhano hāro.</span></p>
<p class="subhead">14. Adhiṭṭhānahāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Sabbadhammamūlapariyāya’’nti ettha sabbadhammaggahaṇaṃ sāmaññato adhiṭṭhānaṃ. ‘‘Pathaviṃ āpa’’ntiādi pana taṃ avikappetvā visesavacanaṃ. Tathā ‘‘mūlapariyāya’’nti <a name="M1.0135"></a> sāmaññato adhiṭṭhānaṃ, taṃ avikappetvā visesavacanaṃ ‘‘pathaviṃ maññati…pe… abhinandatī’’ti. ‘‘Pathaviṃ maññatī’’ti ca sāmaññato adhiṭṭhānaṃ taṇhādiggāhānaṃ sādhāraṇattā maññanāya, taṃ avikappetvā visesavacanaṃ ‘‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’’ti, evaṃ suttantarapadānipi ānetvā visesavacanaṃ niddhāretabbaṃ. Sesavāresupi eseva nayo. ‘‘Sekkho’’ti sāmaññato adhiṭṭhānaṃ, taṃ avikappetvā visesavacanaṃ ‘‘kāyasakkhī diṭṭhippatto saddhāvimutto saddhānusārī dhammānusārī’’ti. Tathā ‘‘sekkho’’ti sāmaññato adhiṭṭhānaṃ, taṃ avikappetvā visesavacanaṃ ‘‘idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sekkhāya sammādiṭṭhiyā samannāgato hoti…pe… sekkhena sammāsamādhinā samannāgato hotī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.13). ‘‘Araha’’nti sāmaññato adhiṭṭhānaṃ, taṃ avikappetvā visesavacanaṃ ‘‘ubhatobhāgavimutto paññāvimutto (pu. pa. 13.2; 15.1 mātikā), tevijjo chaḷabhiñño’’ti (pu. pa. 7.26, 27 mātikā) ca. ‘‘Khīṇāsavo’’ti sāmaññato adhiṭṭhānaṃ, taṃ avikappetvā visesavacanaṃ ‘‘kāmāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccittha, bhavāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccitthā’’tiādi (pārā. 14). Sesapadesupi eseva nayo. ‘‘Abhijānātī’’ti sāmaññato adhiṭṭhānaṃ, taṃ avikappetvā visesavacanaṃ ‘‘maññatī’’ti. Maññanābhāvo hissa pahānapaṭivedhasiddho, pahānapaṭivedho <a name="V1.0121"></a> ca pariññāsacchikiriyābhāvanāpaṭivedhehi na vināti sabbepi abhiññāvisesā maññanāpaṭikkhepena atthato gahitāva hontīti. Tathā ‘‘araha’’nti sāmaññato adhiṭṭhānaṃ, taṃ avikappetvā visesavacanaṃ ‘‘vītarāgattā vītadosattā vītamohattā’’ti. Iminā nayena sesapadesupi sāmaññavisesaniddhāraṇā veditabbā. Ayaṃ <span class="bld">adhiṭṭhāno hāro</span>.</p>
<p class="subhead">14. Parikkhārahāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Sabbadhammamūlapariyāya’’nti ettha sabbadhammā nāma pariyāpannadhammā, te kusalākusalābyākatabhedena tividhā. Tesu kusalānaṃ yonisomanasikāro alobhādayo ca hetū, akusalānaṃ ayonisomanasikāro lobhādayo ca hetū, abyākatesu vipākānaṃ yathāsakaṃ kammaṃ, itaresaṃ bhavaṅgamāvajjanasamannāhārādi ca hetū. Ettha ca sappurisūpanissayādiko paccayo hetumhi eva samavaruḷho, so tattha <a name="M1.0136"></a> ādi-saddena saṅgahitoti daṭṭhabbo. ‘‘Mūla’’nti vuttānaṃ maññanānaṃ hetubhāvo pāḷiyaṃ vutto eva. Maññanāsu pana taṇhāmaññanāya assādānupassanā hetu. ‘‘Saññojaniyesu dhammesu assādānupassino taṇhā pavaḍḍhatī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 2.52) hi vuttaṃ. Mānamaññanāya diṭṭhivippayuttalobho hetu kevalaṃ saṃsaggavasena ‘‘ahamasmī’’ti pavattanato. Diṭṭhimaññanāya ekattanayādīnaṃ ayāthāvaggāho hetu, assutabhāvo puthujjanabhāvassa hetu, so ariyānaṃ adassanasīlatāya, sā ariyadhammassa akovidatāya, sā ariyadhamme avinītatāya hetu, sabbā cāyaṃ hetuparamparā pathavīādīsu ‘‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’’ti tissannaṃ maññanānaṃ hetu, sekkhārahādibhāvā pana mattaso sabbaso ca maññanābhāvassa hetūti. Ayaṃ <span class="bld">parikkhāro hāro</span>.</p>
<p class="subhead">16. Samāropanahāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Sabbadhammamūlapariyāya’’ntiādīsu mūlapariyāyaggahaṇena assutavāgahaṇena sañjānanamaññanāpariññāgahaṇehi ca saṃkilesadhammā dassitā, te ca saṅkhepato tividhā taṇhāsaṃkileso diṭṭhisaṃkileso duccaritasaṃkilesoti. Tattha taṇhāsaṃkileso taṇhāsaṃkilesassa, diṭṭhisaṃkilesassa, duccaritasaṃkilesassa ca padaṭṭhānaṃ, tathā diṭṭhisaṃkileso diṭṭhisaṃkilesassa, taṇhāsaṃkilesassa, duccaritasaṃkilesassa ca padaṭṭhānaṃ, duccaritasaṃkilesopi duccaritasaṃkilesassa, taṇhāsaṃkilesassa, diṭṭhisaṃkilesassa ca padaṭṭhānaṃ. Tesu taṇhāsaṃkileso atthato lobhova, yo ‘‘lobho lubbhanā lubbhitattaṃ sārāgo sārajjanā sārajjitatta’’ntiādinā <a name="V1.0122"></a> (dha. sa. 389) anekehi pariyāyehi vibhatto. Tathā diṭṭhiyeva diṭṭhisaṃkileso, yo ‘‘diṭṭhigataṃ diṭṭhigahanaṃ diṭṭhikantāro diṭṭhivisūkaṃ diṭṭhivipphandita’’ntiādinā (dha. sa. 1105) anekehi pariyāyehi, ‘‘santi, bhikkhave, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā’’tiādinā (dī. ni. 1.30) dvāsaṭṭhiyā pabhedehi ca vibhatto. Duccaritasaṃkileso pana atthato dussīlyacetanā ceva cetanāsampayuttadhammā ca, yā ‘‘kāyaduccaritaṃ vacīduccaritaṃ kāyavisamaṃ vacīvisama’’nti (vibha. 913, 924), ‘‘pāṇātipāto adinnādāna’’nti (vibha. 913) ca ādinā anekehi pariyāyehi, anekehi pabhedehi ca vibhattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tesu <a name="M1.0137"></a> taṇhāsaṃkilesassa samatho paṭipakkho, diṭṭhisaṃkilesassa vipassanā, duccaritasaṃkilesassa sīlaṃ paṭipakkho. Te pana sīlādayo dhammā idha pariññāgahaṇena sekkhaggahaṇena ‘‘araha’’ntiādinā ariyatādiggahaṇena ca gahitā. Tattha sīlena duccaritasaṃkilesappahānaṃ sijjhati, tathā tadaṅgappahānaṃ vītikkamappahānañca, samathena taṇhāsaṃkilesappahānaṃ sijjhati, tathā vikkhambhanappahānaṃ pariyuṭṭhānappahānañca. Vipassanāya diṭṭhisaṃkilesappahānaṃ sijjhati, tathā samucchedappahānaṃ anusayappahānañca. Tattha pubbabhāge sīle patiṭṭhitassa samatho, samathe patiṭṭhitassa vipassanā, maggakkhaṇe pana samakālameva bhavanti. Pubbeyeva hi suparisuddhakāyavacīkammassa suparisuddhājīvassa ca samathavipassanā āraddhā gabbhaṃ gaṇhantiyo paripākaṃ gacchantiyo vuṭṭhānagāminivipassanaṃ paribrūhenti, vuṭṭhānagāminivipassanā bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchantī maggena ghaṭenti maggakkhaṇe samathavipassanā paripūreti. Atha maggakkhaṇe samathavipassanābhāvanāpāripūriyā anavasesasaṃkilesadhammaṃ samucchindantiyo nirodhaṃ nibbānaṃ sacchikarontīti. Ayaṃ <span class="bld">samāropano hāro</span>.</p>
<p class="centered">Soḷasahāravaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">Pañcavidhanayavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Nandiyāvaṭṭanayavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Sabbadhammamūlapariyāya’’ntiādīsu <a name="V1.0123"></a> sabbadhammamūlaggahaṇena maññanāgahaṇena ca taṇhāmānadiṭṭhiyo gahitā. Maññanānampi hi maññanā kāraṇanti dassitoyamattho. ‘‘Assutavā’’tiādinā avijjāmānadiṭṭhiyo gahitā, sabbepi vā saṃkilesadhammā, tathā saññāapariññātaggahaṇena. ‘‘Khīṇāsavo parikkhīṇabhavasaññojano’’ti ettha pana āsavā saññojanāni ca sarūpato gahitāni, tathā nandiggahaṇena taṇhāgahaṇena ca taṇhā, evampettha sarūpato pariyāyato ca taṇhā avijjā tappakkhiyadhammā ca gahitā. Tattha taṇhāya visesato rūpadhammā adhiṭṭhānaṃ, avijjāya arūpadhammā, te pana sabbadhammaggahaṇena pathavīādiggahaṇena ca dassitā eva. Tāsaṃ samatho vipassanā ca paṭipakkho, tesamettha gahetabbākāro heṭṭhā dassito eva. Samathassa cetovimutti phalaṃ<a name="M1.0138"></a>, vipassanāya paññāvimutti. Tathā hi tā ‘‘rāgavirāgā’’tiādinā visesetvā vuccanti, imāsamettha gahaṇaṃ sammadaññāvimuttavītarāgādivacanehi veditabbaṃ. Tattha taṇhāvijjā samudayasaccaṃ, tappakkhiyadhammā pana taggahaṇeneva gahitāti veditabbā. Tesaṃ adhiṭṭhānabhūtā vuttappabhedā rūpārūpadhammā dukkhasaccaṃ, tesaṃ appavatti nirodhasaccaṃ, nirodhapajānanā paṭipadā maggasaccaṃ. Taṇhāgahaṇena cettha māyā-sāṭheyya-mānātimāna-madappamāda-pāpicchatā-pāpamittatā-ahirikānottappādivasena akusalapakkho netabbo, avijjāgahaṇena viparītamanasikāra-kodhūpanāha-makkha-paḷāsa-issā-macchariya- sārambhadovacassatā-bhavadiṭṭhi-vibhavadiṭṭhiādivasena akusalapakkho netabbo, vuttavipariyāyena amāyāasāṭheyyādiaviparītamanasikārādivasena, tathā samathapakkhiyānaṃ saddhindriyādīnaṃ vipassanāpakkhiyānaṃ aniccasaññādīnañca vasena vodānapakkho netabboti. Ayaṃ <span class="bld">nandiyāvaṭṭassa na yassa bhūmi</span>.</p>
<p class="subhead">2. Tipukkhalanayavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā vuttanayena sarūpato pariyāyato ca gahitesu taṇhāvijjātappakkhiyadhammesu taṇhā lobho, avijjā moho, avijjāya sampayutto lohite sati pubbo viya taṇhāya sati sijjhamāno āghāto doso, iti tīhi akusalamūlehi gahitehi, tappaṭipakkhato maññanāpaṭikkhepapariññāgahaṇādīhi ca kusalamūlāni siddhāniyeva honti. Idhāpi ‘‘lobho sabbāni <a name="V1.0124"></a> vā sāsavakusalākusalamūlāni samudayasaccaṃ, tehi nibbattā, tesaṃ adhiṭṭhānagocarabhūtā ca upādānakkhandhā dukkhasacca’’ntiādinā saccayojanā veditabbā. Phalaṃ panettha tayo vimokkhā, tīhi pana akusalamūlehi tividhaduccarita-saṃkilesamala-visamaakusala-saññā-vitakkādivasena akusalapakkho netabbo. Tathā tīhi kusalamūlehi tividhasucarita-samakusala-saññā-vitakka-saddhamma-samādhi-vimokkhamukha-vimokkhā-divasena kusalapakkho netabboti. Ayaṃ <span class="bld">tipukkhalassa nayassa bhūmi</span>.</p>
<p class="subhead">3. Sīhavikkīḷitanayavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā vuttanayena sarūpato pariyāyato ca gahitesu taṇhāvijjātappakkhiyadhammesu visesato taṇhādiṭṭhīnaṃ vasena asubhe ‘‘subha’’nti<a name="M1.0139"></a>, dukkhe ‘‘sukha’’nti ca vipallāsā, avijjādiṭṭhīnaṃ vasena anicce ‘‘nicca’’nti, anattani ‘‘attā’’ti ca vipallāsā veditabbā. Tesaṃ paṭipakkhato maññanāpaṭikkhepapariññāgahaṇādisiddhehi sativīriyasamādhipaññindriyehi cattāri satipaṭṭhānāni siddhāneva honti. Tattha catūhi indriyehi cattāro puggalā niddisitabbā. Kathaṃ? Duvidho hi taṇhācarito mudindriyo tikkhindriyoti, tathā diṭṭhicarito. Tesaṃ paṭhamo asubhe ‘‘subha’’nti vipariyāsaggāhī satibalena yathābhūtaṃ kāyasabhāvaṃ sallakkhento taṃ vipallāsaṃ samugghāṭetvā sammattaniyāmaṃ okkamati. Dutiyo asukhe ‘‘sukha’’nti vipariyāsaggāhī ‘‘uppannaṃ kāmavitakkaṃ nādhivāsetī’’tiādinā (dī. ni. 3.310; ma. ni. 1.26; a. ni. 4.14, 114; a. ni. 6.58) vuttena vīriyasaṃvarabhūtena vīriyabalena taṃ vipallāsaṃ vidhamento sammattaniyāmaṃ okkamati. Tatiyo anicce ‘‘nicca’’nti ayāthāvaggāhī samādhibalena samāhitacitto saṅkhārānaṃ khaṇikabhāvasallakkhaṇena taṃ vipallāsaṃ samugghāṭento ariyabhūmiṃ okkamati. Catuttho santatisamūhakiccārammaṇaghanavañcitatāya phassādidhammapuñjamatte anattani ‘‘attā’’ti micchābhinivesī catukoṭikasuññatāmanasikārena taṃ micchābhinivesaṃ viddhaṃsento sāmaññaphalaṃ sacchikaroti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idhāpi subhasaññāsukhasaññāhi catūhipi vā vipallāsehi samudayasaccaṃ, tesaṃ adhiṭṭhānārammaṇabhūtā pañcupādānakkhandhā dukkhasaccantiādinā saccayojanā veditabbā. Phalaṃ panettha cattāri sāmaññaphalāni, catūhi cittavipallāsehi caturāsavogha-yoga-kāyagantha-agati-taṇhuppāda-sallupādāna-viññāṇaṭṭhiti-apariññādivasena akusalapakkho netabbo. Tathā catūhi satipaṭṭhānehi <a name="V1.0125"></a> catubbidhajhāna-vihārādhiṭṭhāna-sukhabhāgiyadhamma-appamaññā-sammappadhāna-iddhipādā- divasena vodānapakkho netabboti. Ayaṃ <span class="bld">sīhavikkīḷitassa nayassa bhūmi</span>.</p>
<p class="subhead">4-5. Disālocana-aṅkusanayadvayavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Imesaṃ pana tiṇṇaṃ atthanayānaṃ siddhiyā vohārena nayadvayaṃ siddhameva hoti. Tathā hi atthanayānaṃ disābhūtadhammānaṃ samālocanaṃ <span class="bld">disālocanaṃ,</span> tesaṃ samānayanaṃ <span class="bld">aṅkuso</span>ti pañcapi nayā niyuttāti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="centered">Pañcavidhanayavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Sāsanapaṭṭhānavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idañca <a name="M1.0140"></a> suttaṃ soḷasavidhe suttantapaṭṭhāne saṃkilesanibbedhāsekkhabhāgiyaṃ, sabbabhāgiyameva vā ‘‘sabbadhammamūlapariyāya’’nti ettha sabbadhammaggahaṇena lokiyakusalānampi saṅgahitattā. Aṭṭhavīsatividhena pana suttantapaṭṭhāne lokiyalokuttarasabbadhammādhiṭṭhānaṃ ñāṇañeyyaṃ dassanabhāvanaṃ sakavacanaṃ vissajjanīyaṃ kusalākusalaṃ anuññātaṃ paṭikkhittaṃ cāti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Nettinayavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Mūlapariyāyasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.</p>
<p class="subhead">2. Sabbāsavasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para14"></a><a name="para14_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">14</span>. <span class="bld">Apubbapadavaṇṇanā</span>ti <a name="V1.0126"></a> atthasaṃvaṇṇanāvasena heṭṭhā aggahitatāya apubbassa abhinavassa padassa vaṇṇanā atthavibhajanā. ‘‘Hitvā punappunāgatamattha’’nti hi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Nivāsaṭṭhānabhūtā</span> bhūtapubbanivāsaṭṭhānabhūtā, nivāsaṭṭhāne vā bhūtā nibbattā <span class="bld">nivāsaṭṭhānabhūtā,</span> tattha māpitāti attho. <span class="bld">Yathā kākandī mākandī kosambī</span>ti yathā kākandassa isino nivāsaṭṭhāne māpitā nagarī kākandī, mākandassa nivāsaṭṭhāne māpitā mākandī, kusambassanivāsaṭṭhāne māpitā kosambīti vuccati, evaṃ sāvatthīti dasseti. Upanetvā samīpe katvā bhuñjitabbato <span class="bld">upabhogo,</span> saviññāṇakavatthu. Parito sabbadā bhuñjitabbato <span class="bld">paribhogo,</span> nivāsanapārupanādi aviññāṇakavatthu. <span class="bld">Sabbamettha atthī</span>ti niruttinayena sāvatthī-saddasiddhimāha. <span class="bld">Satthasamāyoge</span>ti satthassa nagariyā samāgame, satthe taṃ nagaraṃ upagateti attho. <span class="bld">Pucchite</span> satthikajanehi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samohita</span>nti sannicitaṃ. Rammanti anto bahi ca bhūmibhāgasampattiyā ceva ārāmuyyānasampattiyā ca ramaṇīyaṃ. <span class="bld">Dassaneyya</span>nti visikhāsannivesasampattiyā ceva pāsādakūṭāgārādisampattiyā ca dassanīyaṃ passitabbayuttaṃ. Upabhogaparibhogavatthusampattiyā ceva nivāsasukhatāya ca nibaddhavāsaṃ vasantānaṃ itaresañca sattānaṃ manaṃ rametīti <span class="bld">manoramaṃ</span>. <span class="bld">Dasahi saddehī</span>ti hatthisaddo, assa-ratha-bheri-saṅkha-mudiṅga-vīṇā-gīta sammatāḷasaddo, asnātha-pivatha-khādathāti-saddoti <a name="M1.0141"></a> imehi dasahi saddehi. <span class="bld">Avivitta</span>nti na vivittaṃ, sabbakālaṃ ghositanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vuddhiṃ vepullataṃ patta</span>nti tannivāsī sattavuddhiyā vuddhiṃ, tāya parivuddhitāyeva vipulabhāvaṃ pattaṃ, bahujanaṃ ākiṇṇamanussanti attho. Vittūpakaraṇasamiddhiyā <span class="bld">iddhaṃ</span>. Sabbakālaṃ subhikkhabhāvena <span class="bld">phītaṃ</span>. Antamaso vighāsāde upādāya sabbesaṃ kapaṇaddhikavanibbakayācakānampi icchi tatthanipphattiyā manuññaṃ jātaṃ, pageva issariye ṭhitānanti dassanatthaṃ puna <span class="bld">‘‘manorama’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Aḷakamandāvā</span>ti āṭānāṭādīsu dasasu vessavaṇamahārājassa nagarīsu aḷakamandā nāma ekā nagarī, yā loke aḷākā eva vuccati<a name="V1.0127"></a>. Sā yathā puññakammīnaṃ āvāsabhūtā ārāmarāmaṇeyyakādinā sobhaggappattā, evaṃ sāvatthīpīti vuttaṃ ‘‘aḷakamandāvā’’ti. <span class="bld">Devāna</span>nti vessavaṇapakkhiyānaṃ cātumahārājikadevānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Jinātī</span>ti iminā sota-saddo viya kattusādhano jeta-saddoti dasseti. <span class="bld">Raññā</span>ti pasenadikosalarājena. Rājagataṃ jayaṃ āropetvā kumāro jitavāti jetoti vutto. <span class="bld">Maṅgalakabyatāyā</span>tiādinā ‘‘jeyyo’’ti etasmiṃ atthe ‘‘jeto’’ti vuttanti dasseti. <span class="bld">Sabbakāmasamiddhitāyā</span>ti sabbehi upabhogaparibhogavatthūhi phītabhāvena vibhavasampannatāyāti attho. Samiddhāpi maccharino kiñci na dentīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vigatamalamaccheratāyā’’</span>ti, rāgadosādimalānañceva macchariyassa ca abhāvenāti attho. Samiddhā amaccharinopi ca karuṇāsaddhādiguṇavirahitā attano santakaṃ paresaṃ na dadeyyunti āha <span class="bld">‘‘karuṇādiguṇasamaṅgitāya cā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tenā</span>ti anāthānaṃ piṇḍadānena. Saddatthato pana dātabbabhāvena sabbakālaṃ upaṭṭhapito anāthānaṃ piṇḍo etassa atthīti <span class="bld">anāthapiṇḍiko</span>. <span class="bld">Pañcavidhasenāsanaṅgasampattiyā</span>ti ‘‘nātidūraṃ naccāsannaṃ gamanāgamanasampanna’’nti ekaṃ aṅgaṃ, ‘‘divā appākiṇṇaṃ rattiṃ appasaddaṃ appanigghosa’’nti ekaṃ, ‘‘appaḍaṃsamakasavātātapasarīsapasamphassa’’nti ekaṃ, ‘‘tasmiṃ kho pana senāsane viharantassa appakasirena uppajjanti cīvara…pe… parikkhārā’’ti ekaṃ, ‘‘tasmiṃ kho pana senāsane therā bhikkhū viharanti bahussutā’’ti ekaṃ, evametehi pañcavidhasenāsanaṅgehi sampannatāya. Yadi jetavanaṃ tathaṃ anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāmoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘so hī’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kītakālato <a name="M1.0142"></a> paṭṭhāya anāthapiṇḍikasseva taṃ vanaṃ, atha kasmā ubhinnaṃ parikittananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘jetavane’’</span>tiādi. ‘‘Yadipi so bhūmibhāgo koṭisantharena mahāseṭṭhinā kīto, rukkhā pana jetena na vikkītāti jetavananti vattabbataṃ labhī’’ti vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kasmā idaṃ suttamabhāsī</span>ti kathetukamyatāya suttanikkhepaṃ pucchati. Sāmaññato hi bhagavato desanākāraṇaṃ pākaṭamevāti. Ko panāyaṃ suttanikkhepoti? Attajjhāsayo. Parehi anajjhiṭṭho eva hi bhagavā attano ajjhāsayena imaṃ suttaṃ desetīti ācariyā. Yasmā panesa bhikkhūnaṃ upakkiliṭṭhacittataṃ viditvā ‘‘ime bhikkhū imāya desanāya upakkilesavisodhanaṃ katvā āsavakkhayāya paṭipajjissantī’’ti ayaṃ desanā āraddhā, tasmā parajjhāsayoti apare. Ubhayampi pana yuttaṃ. Attajjhāsayādīnañhi saṃsaggabhedassa sambhavo heṭṭhā dassitovāti. <span class="bld">Tesaṃ bhikkhūna</span>nti tadā dhammapaṭiggāhatabhikkhūnaṃ. <span class="bld">Upakkilesavisodhana</span>nti samathavipassanupakkilesato <a name="V1.0128"></a> cittassa visodhanaṃ. Paṭhamañhi bhagavā anupubbikathādinā paṭipattiyā saṃkilesaṃ nīharitvā pacchā sāmukkaṃsikaṃ desanaṃ deseti khette khāṇukaṇṭakagumbādike avaharitvā kasanaṃ viya, tasmā kammaṭṭhānameva avatvā imāya anupubbiyā desanā pavattāti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saṃvarabhūta</span>nti sīlasaṃvarādisaṃvarabhūtaṃ saṃvaraṇasabhāvaṃ kāraṇaṃ, taṃ pana atthato dassanādi evāti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṃvaritā</span>ti pavattituṃ appadānavasena sammā, sabbathā vā vāritā. Evaṃbhūtā ca yasmā pavattidvārapidhānena pihitā nāma honti, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vidahitā hutvā’’</span>ti. Evaṃ accantikassa saṃvarassa kāraṇabhūtaṃ anaccantikaṃ saṃvaraṃ dassetvā idāni accantikameva saṃvaraṃ dassento yasmiṃ dassanādimhi sati uppajjanārahā āsavā na uppajjanti, so tesaṃ anuppādo nirodho khayo pahānanti ca vuccamāno atthato appavattimattanti tassa ca dassanādi kāraṇanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yena kāraṇena anuppādanirodhasaṅkhātaṃ khayaṃ gacchanti pahīyanti nappavattanti, taṃ kāraṇanti attho’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cakkhutopi…pe… manatopī</span>ti (dha. sa. mūlaṭī. 14-19) cakkhuviññāṇādivīthīsu tadanugatamanoviññāṇavīthīsu ca kiñcāpi kusalādīnampi pavatti atthi, kāmāsavādayo <a name="M1.0143"></a> eva pana vaṇato yūsaṃ viya paggharaṇakaasucibhāvena sandanti, tasmā te eva <span class="bld">‘‘āsavā’’</span>ti vuccanti. Tattha hi paggharaṇaasucimhi niruḷho āsava-saddoti. <span class="bld">Dhammato yāva gotrabhu</span>nti tato paraṃ maggaphalesu appavattanato vuttaṃ. Ete hi ārammaṇavasena dhamme gacchantā tato paraṃ na gacchanti. Nanu tato paraṃ bhavaṅgādīnipi gacchantīti ce? Na, tesampi pubbe ālambitesu lokiyadhammesu sāsavabhāvena antogadhattā tato paratābhāvato. Ettha ca gotrabhuvacanena gotrabhuvodānaphalasamāpattipurecārikaparikammāni vuttānīti veditabbāni. Paṭhamamaggapurecārikameva vā gotrabhu avadhinidassanabhāvena gahitaṃ, tato paraṃ pana maggaphalasamānatāya aññesu maggesu maggavīthiyaṃ samāpattivīthiyaṃ nirodhānantarañca pavattamānesu phalesu nibbāne ca āsavānaṃ pavatti nivāritāti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Savantī</span>ti gacchanti, ārammaṇakaraṇavasena pavattantīti attho. Avadhiattho ā-kāro, avadhi ca mariyādābhividhibhedato duvidho. Tattha mariyādaṃ kiriyaṃ bahi katvā pavattati yathā ‘‘āpāṭaliputtā vuṭṭho devo’’ti. Abhividhi pana kiriyaṃ byāpetvā pavattati yathā ‘‘ābhavaggā bhagavato yaso pavattatī’’ti. Abhividhiattho cāyaṃ ā-kāro idha gahitoti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘antokaraṇattho’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Madirādayo</span>ti <a name="V1.0129"></a> <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena sindhavakādambarikāpotikādīnaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Cirapārivāsiyaṭṭho</span> viraparivutthatā purāṇabhāvo. <span class="bld">Avijjā nāhosītiādī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena ‘‘purimā, bhikkhave, koṭi na paññāyati bhavataṇhāyā’’ti (a. ni. 10.62) idaṃ suttaṃ saṅgahitaṃ. Avijjāsavabhavāsavānaṃ ciraparivutthatāya dassitāya tabbhāvabhāvino kāmāsavassa ciraparivutthatā dassitāva hoti. Aññesu ca yathāvutte dhamme okāsañca ārammaṇaṃ katvā pavattamānesu mānādīsu vijjamānesu attattaniyādiggāhavasena abhibyāpanaṃ madakaraṇavasena āsavasadisatā ca etesaṃyeva, na aññesanti etesveva āsava-saddo niruḷhoti daṭṭhabbo. Na cettha diṭṭhāsavo nāgatoti gahetabbaṃ bhavataṇhāya viya bhavadiṭṭhiyāpi bhavāsavaggahaṇeneva gahitattā. <span class="bld">Āyataṃ</span> anādikālikattā. <span class="bld">Pasavantī</span>ti phalanti. Na hi taṃ kiñci saṃsāradukkhaṃ <a name="M1.0144"></a> atthi, yaṃ āsavehi vinā uppajjeyya. <span class="bld">Purimāni cetthā</span>ti ettha etesu catūsu atthavitappesu purimāni tīṇi. <span class="bld">Yatthā</span>ti yesu suttābhidhammapadesesu. <span class="bld">Tattha yujjanti</span> kilesesuyeva yathāvuttassa atthattayassa sambhavato. <span class="bld">Pacchimaṃ</span> ‘‘āyataṃ vā saṃsāradukkhaṃ savantī’’ti vuttanibbacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Kammepi yujjati</span> dukkhappasavanassa kilesakammasādhāraṇattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Diṭṭhadhammā vuccanti paccakkhabhūtā khandhā, diṭṭhadhamme bhavā <span class="bld">diṭṭhadhammikā</span>. <span class="bld">Vivādamūlabhūtā</span>ti vivādassa mūlakāraṇabhūtā kodhūpanāha-makkha-paḷāsa-issā-macchariya-māyā-sāṭheyya-thambha-sārambha-mānātimānā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yena devūpapatyassā</span>ti yena kammakilesappakārena āsavena devesu upapatti nibbatti assa mayhanti sambandho. <span class="bld">Gandhabbo vā vihaṅgamo</span> ākāsacārī assanti vibhattiṃ pariṇāmetvā yojetabbaṃ. Ettha ca yakkhagandhabbatāya vinimuttā sabbā devagati devaggahaṇena gahitā. <span class="bld">Avasesā ca akusalā dhammā</span>ti akusalakammato avasesā akusalā dhammā āsavāti āgatāti sambandho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭighātāyā</span>ti paṭisedhanāya. <span class="bld">Parūpavā…pe… upaddavā</span>ti idaṃ yadi bhagavā sikkhāpadaṃ na paññapeyya, tato asaddhammappaṭisevanaadinnādānapāṇātipātādihetu ye uppajjeyyuṃ parūpavādādayo diṭṭhadhammikā nānappakārā anatthā, ye ca tannimittā eva nirayādīsu nibbattassa pañcavidhabandhanakammakāraṇādivasena mahādukkhānubhavādippakārā anatthā, te sandhāya vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Te panete</span>ti ete kāmarāgādikilesa-tebhūmakakammaparūpavādādiupaddavappakārā āsavā. <span class="bld">Yatthā</span>ti <a name="V1.0130"></a> yasmiṃ vinayādipāḷipadese. <span class="bld">Yathā</span>ti yena duvidhādippakārena aññesu ca suttantesu āgatāti sambandho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nirayaṃ gamentīti <span class="bld">nirayagāminiyā. Chakkanipāte</span> āhuneyyasutte. Tattha hi āsavā chadhā āgatā āsava-saddābhidheyyassa atthassa pabhedopacārena āsava-pade pabhedoti vutto, koṭṭhāsattho vā pada-saddoti <span class="bld">āsavapade</span>ti āsavappakāre saddakoṭṭhāse atthakoṭṭhāse vāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tathā</span> <a name="M1.0145"></a> <span class="bld">hī</span>ti tasmā saṃvaraṇaṃ pidahanaṃ pavattituṃ appadānaṃ, teneva kāraṇenāti attho. Sīlādisaṃvare adhippete pavattituṃ appadānavasena thakanabhāvasāmaññato <span class="bld">dvāraṃ saṃvaritvā</span>ti gehadvārasaṃvaraṇampi udāhaṭaṃ. <span class="bld">Sīlasaṃvaro</span>tiādi heṭṭhā mūlapariyāyavaṇṇanāya vuttampi imassa suttassa atthavaṇṇanaṃ paripuṇṇaṃ katvā vattukāmo puna vadati. Yuttaṃ tāva sīlasatiñāṇānaṃ saṃvarattho pāḷiyaṃ tathā āgatattā, khantivīriyānaṃ pana kathanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tesañcā’’</span>tiādi. Tassattho – yadipi ‘‘khamo hoti…pe… sītassa uppannaṃ kāmavitakkaṃ nādhivāsetī’’tiādiniddese khantivīriyānaṃ saṃvarapariyāyo nāgato, uddese pana sabbāsavasaṃvarapariyāyanti saṃvarapariyāyena gahitattā attheva tesaṃ saṃvarabhāvoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pubbe sīlasatiñāṇānaṃ pāṭhantarena saṃvarabhāvo dassitoti idāni taṃ imināpi suttena gahitabhāvaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘apicā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Khantivīriyasaṃvarā vuttāyeva </span>‘‘khamo hoti sītassā’’tiādinā (ma. ni. 1.14) pāḷiyā dassanavasena.<span class="bld"> ‘‘Tañca anāsanaṃ, tañca agocara’’nti ayaṃ panettha sīlasaṃvaro</span>ti tañca ‘‘yathārūpe’’tiādinā vuttaṃ ayuttaṃ aniyatavatthukaṃ raho paṭicchannāsanaṃ, tañca yathāvuttaṃ ayuttaṃ vesiyādigocaraṃ, ‘‘paṭisaṅkhāyoniso parivajjetī’’ti āgataṃ yaṃ parivajjanaṃ, ayaṃ pana ettha etasmiṃ sutte āgato sīlasaṃvaroti attho. Anāsanaparivajjanena hi anācāraparivajjanaṃ vuttaṃ, anācārāgocaraparivajjanaṃ cārittasīlatāyasīlasaṃvaro. Tathā hi bhagavatā ‘‘pātimokkhasaṃvarasaṃvuto viharatī’’ti (vibha. 508) sīlasaṃvaravibhajane ācāragocarasampattiṃ dassentena ‘‘atthi anācāro, atthi agocaro’’tiādinā (vibha. 513, 514) anācārāgocarā vibhajitvā dassitā. Idañca ekadesena samudāyanidassanaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ samuddapabbatanidassanaṃ viya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbattha paṭisaṅkhā ñāṇasaṃvaro</span>ti ettha ‘‘yonisomanasikāro, paṭisaṅkhā ñāṇasaṃvaro’’ti vattabbaṃ<a name="V1.0131"></a>. Na hi dassanapahātabbaniddese paṭisaṅkhāgahaṇaṃ atthi, ‘‘yoniso manasi karotī’’ti pana vuttaṃ. Yonisomanasikaraṇampi atthato paṭisaṅkhā ñāṇasaṃvaramevāti evaṃ pana atthe gayhamāne yuttametaṃ siyā. Keci pana ‘‘yattha yattha ‘idha paṭisaṅkhā yoniso’ti āgataṃ<a name="M1.0146"></a>, taṃ sabbaṃ sandhāya ‘sabbattha paṭisaṅkhā ñāṇasaṃvaro’ti vutta’’nti vadanti. Tesaṃ matena ‘‘idaṃ dukkhanti yoniso manasi karotī’’tiādikassa ñāṇasaṃvarena ca asaṅgaho siyā, ‘‘dassanaṃ paṭisevanā bhāvanā ca ñāṇasaṃvaro’’ti ca vacanaṃ virujjheyya, tasmā vuttanayenevettha attho veditabbo. ‘‘Sabbattha paṭisaṅkhā ñāṇasaṃvaro’’ti iminā sattasupi ṭhānesu yaṃ ñāṇaṃ, so ñāṇasaṃvaroti parivajjanādivasena vuttā sīlādayo sīlasaṃvarādayoti ayamattho dassito. Evaṃ sati saṃvarānaṃ saṅkaro viya hotīti te asaṅkarato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘aggahitaggahaṇenā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ parivajjanavisesasaṃvarādhivāsanavinodanānaṃ sīlasaṃvarādibhāvena gahitattā, tathā aggahitānaṃ gahaṇenāti attho. Te pana aggahite sarūpato dassento <span class="bld">‘‘dassanaṃ paṭisevanā bhāvanā’’</span>ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Etena</span> sīlasaṃvarādinā karaṇabhūtena, kāraṇabhūtena vā. <span class="bld">Dhammā</span>ti kusalākusaladhammā. Sīlasaṃvarādinā hi sahajātakoṭiyā, upanissayakoṭiyā vā paccayabhūtena anuppannā kusalā dhammā <span class="bld">uppattiṃ gacchanti</span> uppajjanti, tathā aniruddhā akusalā dhammā nirodhaṃ gacchanti nirujjhantīti attho. Pāḷiyaṃ pana ‘‘anuppannā ceva āsavā na uppajjanti, uppannā ca āsavā pahīyantī’’ti akusaladhammānaṃ anuppādapahānāni eva vuttāni, na kusaladhammānaṃ uppādādayoti? Nayidamevaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ, ‘‘yoniso ca kho, bhikkhave, manasikaroto’’tiādinā kusaladhammānampi uppatti pakāsitāva āsavasaṃvaraṇassa padhānabhāvena gahitattā. Tathā hi pariyosānepi ‘‘ye āsavā dassanā pahātabbā, te dassanā pahīnā hontī’’tiādinā (ma. ni. 1.28) āsavappahānameva padhānaṃ katvā nigamitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para15"></a><a name="para15_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">15</span>. <span class="bld">Jānato passato</span>ti ettha dassanampi paññācakkhunāva dassanaṃ adhippetaṃ, na maṃsacakkhunā dibbacakkhunā vāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘dvepi padāni ekatthānī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Evaṃ santepī</span>ti padadvayassa ekatthatthepi. <span class="bld">Ñāṇalakkhaṇa</span>nti ñāṇassa sabhāvaṃ, visayassa yathāsabhāvāvabodhananti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘jānanalakkhaṇañhi ñāṇa’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Ñāṇappabhāva</span>nti ñāṇānubhāvaṃ, ñāṇakiccaṃ visayobhāsananti <a name="M1.0147"></a> attho. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘ñāṇena vivaṭe dhamme’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">‘‘Jānato passato’’</span>ti ca jānanadassanamukhena puggalādhiṭṭhānā desanā pavattāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ñāṇalakkhaṇaṃ ñāṇappabhāvaṃ upādāya puggalaṃ niddisatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Jānato passato</span>ti ‘‘yoniso ca manasikāraṃ ayoniso ca manasikāra’’nti <a name="V1.0132"></a> vakkhamānattā yonisomanasikāravisayajānanaṃ, ayonisomanasikāravisayadassanaṃ. Tañca kho pana nesaṃ āsavānaṃ khayūpāyasabhāvassa adhippetattā uppādanānuppādanavasena na ārammaṇamattenāti ayamattho yuttoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yonisomanasikāraṃ…pe… ayamettha sāro’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Jānato’’ti vatvā jānanañca anussavākārapaṭivitakkamattavasena na idhādhippetaṃ, atha kho rūpādi viya cakkhuviññāṇena yonisomanasikārāyonisomanasikāre paccakkhe katvā tesaṃ uppādavasena dassananti imamatthaṃ vibhāvetuṃ ‘‘passato’’ti vuttanti evaṃ vā ettha attho daṭṭhabbo. Aññatthāpi hi ‘‘evaṃ jānato evaṃ passato (itivu. 102), jānaṃ jānāti passaṃ passati (ma. ni. 1.203), evaṃ jānantā evaṃ passantā (ma. ni. 1.407), ajānataṃ apassata’’nti ca ādīsu ñāṇakiccassa sāmaññavisesadīpanavasenetaṃ padadvayaṃ āgatanti. <span class="bld">Kecī</span>ti abhayagirivāsisārasamāsācariyā. Te hi ‘‘samādhinā jānato vipassanāya passato jānaṃ jānāti passaṃ passati, evaṃ jānanā samatho, passanā vipassanā’’ti ca ādinā papañcenti. <span class="bld">Te</span>ti papañcā. <span class="bld">Imasmiṃ atthe</span>ti ‘‘jānato’’tiādinayappavatte imasmiṃ suttapadaatthe niddhāriyamāne. <span class="bld">Na yujjanti</span> jānanadassanānaṃ yonisomanasikārāyonisomanasikāravisayabhāvassa pāḷiyaṃ vuttattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āsavappahānaṃ</span> āsavānaṃ accantappahānaṃ. So pana nesaṃ anuppādo sabbena sabbaṃ khīṇatā abhāvo evāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘āsavānaṃ accantakhayamasamuppādaṃ</span> <span class="bld">khīṇākāraṃ natthibhāva’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Ujumaggānusārino</span>ti kilesavaṅkassa kāyavaṅkādīnañca pahānena ujubhūte savipassane heṭṭhimamagge anussarantassa. Tadeva hissa sikkhanaṃ. <span class="bld">Khayasmiṃ paṭhamaṃ ñāṇaṃ</span>. <span class="bld">Tato aññā anantarā</span>ti khayasaṅkhāte aggamagge tappariyāpannameva ñāṇaṃ paṭhamaṃ uppajjati<a name="M1.0148"></a>, tadanantaraṃ pana aññaṃ arahattanti. Yadipi gāthāyaṃ ‘‘khayasmiṃ’’icceva vuttaṃ, samucchedavasena pana āsavehi khīṇotīti maggo khayoti vuccatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘maggo āsavakkhayoti vutto’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Samaṇo</span>ti samitapāpo adhippeto. So pana khīṇāsavo hotīti <span class="bld">‘‘āsavānaṃ khayā’’</span>ti imassa phalapariyāyatā vuttā, nippariyāyena pana āsavakkhayo maggo, tena pattabbato phalaṃ. Eteneva nibbānassapi āsavakkhayabhāvo vuttoti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Jānato passato’’</span>ti jānato eva passato evāti evamettha niyamo icchito, na aññathā visesābhāvato aniṭṭhasādhanato cāti tassa niyamassa phalaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘no ajānato no</span> <a name="V1.0133"></a> <span class="bld">apassato’’</span>ti vuttanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yo pana na jānāti na passati, tassa neva vadāmīti attho’’</span>ti. Iminā dūrīkatāyonisomanasikāro idhādhippeto, yonisomanasikāro ca āsavakkhayassa ekantikakāraṇanti dasseti. <span class="bld">Etenā</span>ti ‘‘no ajānato no apassato’’ti vacanena. <span class="bld">Te paṭikkhittā</span>ti ke pana teti? ‘‘Bāle ca paṇḍite ca sandhāvitvā saṃsaritvā dukkhassantaṃ karissanti (dī. ni. 1.168; ma. ni. 2.228), ahetū apaccayā sattā visujjhantī’’ti (dī. ni. 1.168; ma. ni. 2.227) evamādivādā. Tesu hi keci abhijātisaṅkantimattena bhavasaṅkantimattena ca saṃsārasuddhiṃ paṭijānanti, aññe issarapajāpatikālādivasena, tayidaṃ sabbaṃ ‘‘saṃsārādīhī’’ti ettheva saṅgahitanti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Purimena vā padadvayenā</span>ti ‘‘jānato, passato’’ti iminā padadvayena. <span class="bld">Upāyo vutto</span> ‘‘āsavakkhayassā’’ti adhikārato viññāyati. <span class="bld">Iminā</span>ti ‘‘no ajānato, no apassato’’ti iminā padadvayena. Anupāyo eva hi āsavānaṃ khayassa yadidaṃ yoniso ca ayoniso ca manasikārassa ajānanaṃ adassanañca, tena tathattāya appaṭipattito micchāpaṭipattito ca. Nanu ‘‘passato’’ti iminā ayonisomanasikāro yathā na uppajjati, evaṃ dassane adhippete purimeneva anupāyapaṭisedho vutto hotīti? Na hoti, ayonisomanasikārānuppādanassapi upāyabhāvato satibalena saṃvutacakkhundriyāditā viya sampajaññabaleneva niccādivasena abhūtajānanābhāvo <a name="M1.0149"></a> hotīti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘saṅkhepena…pe… hotī’’</span>ti. Tattha <span class="bld">saṅkhepenāti</span> samāsena, anvayato byatirekato ca vitthāraṃ akatvāti attho.<span class="bld"> Ñāṇaṃ…pe… dassitaṃ hoti</span> ‘‘jānato’’tiādinā ñāṇasseva gahitattā. Yadi evaṃ ‘‘svāyaṃ saṃvaro’’tiādi kathaṃ nīyatīti? Ñāṇassa padhānabhāvadassanatthaṃ evamayaṃ desanā katāti nāyaṃ doso, tathā aññatthāpi ‘‘ariyaṃ vo bhikkhave sammāsamādhiṃ desessāmi saupanisaṃ saparikkhāra’’nti (ma. ni. 3.136) vitthāro.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dabbajātiko</span>ti dabbarūpo. So hi drabyoti vuccati ‘‘drabyaṃ vinassati nādrabya’’ntiādīsu. <span class="bld">Dabbajātiko</span> vā sārasabhāvo, sāruppasīlācāroti attho. Yathāha ‘‘na kho dabba dabbā evaṃ nibbeṭhentī’’ti (pārā. 384, 391; cūḷava. 193). <span class="bld">Vattasīse ṭhatvā</span>ti vattaṃ uttamaṅgaṃ, dhuraṃ vā katvā. Yo hi parisuddhājīvo kātuṃ ajānantānaṃ sabrahmacārīnaṃ, attano vā vātātapādipaṭibāhanatthaṃ chattādīni karoti, so vattasīse ṭhatvā karoti nāma. <span class="bld">Padaṭṭhānaṃ na hotīti na vattabbā</span> nāthakaraṇadhammabhāvena upanissayabhāvato. Vuttañhi <a name="V1.0134"></a> ‘‘yāni tāni sabrahmacārīnaṃ uccāvacāni kiccakaraṇīyāni, tattha dakkho hotī’’tiādi (ma. ni. 1.497).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upāyamanasikāro</span>ti kusaladhammappavattiyā kāraṇabhūto manasikāro. <span class="bld">Pathamanasikāro</span>ti tassā eva maggabhūto manasikāro. <span class="bld">Aniccādīsu aniccantiādinā</span>ti aniccadukkhaasubhaanattasabhāvesu dhammesu ‘‘aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ asubhaṃ anattā’’tiādinā eva nayena, aviparītasabhāvenāti attho. <span class="bld">Saccānulomikena vā</span>ti saccābhisamayassa anulomavasena. <span class="bld">Cittassa āvaṭṭanā</span>tiādinā āvaṭṭanāya paccayabhūtā tato purimuppannā manodvārikā kusalajavanappavatti phalavohārena tathā vuttā. Tassā hi vasena sā kusaluppattiyā upanissayo hoti. Āvajjanā hi bhavaṅgacittaṃ āvaṭṭayatīti <span class="bld">āvaṭṭanā</span>. Anu anu āvaṭṭetīti <span class="bld">anvāvaṭṭanā</span>. Bhavaṅgārammaṇato aññaṃ ābhujatīti <span class="bld">ābhogo</span>. Samannāharatīti <span class="bld">samannāhāro</span>. Tadevārammaṇaṃ attānaṃ anubandhitvā uppajjamānaṃ manasi karoti ṭhapetīti <span class="bld">manasikāro</span>. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ vuccatī</span>ti ayaṃ upāyapathamanasikāralakkhaṇo yonisomanasikāro nāma vuccati, yassa vasena puggalo dukkhādīni saccāni āvajjituṃ sakkoti<a name="M1.0150"></a>. Ayonisomanasikāre <span class="bld">saccapaṭikūlenā</span>ti saccābhisamayassa ananulomavasena. Sesaṃ yonisomanasikāre vuttavipariyāyena veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yutti</span>nti upapattisādhanayuttiṃ, hetunti attho. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘yasmā’’</span>tiādi.<span class="bld"> Etthā</span>ti ‘‘ayoniso bhikkhave…pe… pahīyantī’’ti etasmiṃ pāṭhe. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti vākyopaññāsanaṃ. Kasmā panettha ayamuddesaniddeso parivattoti codanaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘yoniso’’</span>tiādi. Tattha manasikārapadaṃ dvinnaṃ sādhāraṇanti adhippāyena <span class="bld">‘‘yoniso ayonisoti imehi tāva dvīhi padehī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Yoniso</span>ti hi yonisomanasikāro, <span class="bld">ayoniso</span>ti ca ayonisomanasikāro tattha anuvattanato vakkhamānattā ca. Satipi anatthuppattisāmaññe bhavādīsu puggalassa bahulisāmaññaṃ dassetvā taṃ parivattitvā visesadassanattaṃ <span class="bld">nāvādi</span> upamāttayaggahaṇaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Cakkayantaṃ</span> āhaṭaghaṭīyantanti vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anuppannā</span>ti anibbattā. Ārammaṇavisesavasena tassa anuppatti veditabbā, na rūpārammaṇādiārammaṇasāmaññena, nāpi āsavavasena. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ananubhūtapubbaṃ ārammaṇaṃ…pe… aññathā hi anamatagge saṃsāre anuppannā nāma āsavā na santī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Vatthu</span>nti saviññāṇakāviññāṇakappabhedaṃ āsavuppattikāraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Ārammaṇaṃ</span> ārammaṇapaccayabhūtarūpādīni<a name="V1.0135"></a>. Idāni āsavavasenapi anuppannapariyāyo labbhatīti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘anubhūtapubbepī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Pakatisuddhiyā</span>ti pubbacariyato kilesadūrībhāvasiddhāya suddhipakatitāya. Pāḷiyā uddisanaṃ <span class="bld">uddeso,</span> atthakathanaṃ <span class="bld">paripucchā</span>. Ajjhayanaṃ <span class="bld">pariyatti,</span> cīvarasibbādi <span class="bld">navakammaṃ,</span> samathavipassanānuyogo <span class="bld">yonisomanasikāro</span>. <span class="bld">Tādisenā</span>ti yādisena ‘‘manuññavatthū’’timanasikārādinā kāmāsavādayo sambhaveyyuṃ, tādisena. Āsavānaṃ vaḍḍhi nāma pariyuṭṭhānatibbatāya veditabbā, sā ca abhiṇhuppattiyā bahulīkāratoti te laddhāsevanā bahulabhāvaṃ pattā maddantā pharantā chādentā andhākāraṃ karontā aparāparaṃ uppajjamānā ekasantānanayena <span class="bld">‘‘uppannā pavaḍḍhantī’’ti vucca</span>nti. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘punappunaṃ uppajjamānā uppannā pavaḍḍhantīti vuccantī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ito aññathā</span>ti ito <a name="M1.0151"></a> aparāparuppannānaṃ ekattaggahaṇato aññathā <span class="bld">vaḍḍhi nāma natthi</span> khaṇikabhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">So ca jānātī</span>ti dhammuddhaccaviggahābhāvamāha. <span class="bld">Kārakassevā</span>ti yuttayogasseva. <span class="bld">Yassa panā</span>tiādinā anuddesikaṃ katvā vuttamatthaṃ purātanassa purisātisayassa paṭipattidassanena pākaṭataraṃ kātuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘maṇḍalārāmavāsīmahātissabhūtattherassa viyā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tañhi sabrahmacārīnaṃ āyatiṃ tathāpaṭipattikāraṇaṃ hoti, yato edisaṃ vatthu vuccati. <span class="bld">Tasmiṃ yevā</span>ti maṇḍalārāmeyeva. <span class="bld">Ācariyaṃ āpucchitvā</span>ti attano uddesācariyaṃ kammaṭṭhānaggahaṇatthaṃ gantuṃ āpucchitvā. <span class="bld">Ācariyaṃ vanditvā</span>ti kammaṭṭhānadāyakaṃ mahārakkhitattheraṃ vanditvā. <span class="bld">Uddesamagga</span>nti yathāāraddhaṃ uddesapabandhaṃ. Tadā kira mukhapāṭheneva bahū ekajjhaṃ uddisāpetvā manosajjhāyavasena dhammaṃ sajjhāyanti. Tatthāyaṃ thero paññavantatāya uddesaṃ gaṇhantānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ dhorayho, so ‘‘idānāhaṃ anāgāmī, kiṃ mayhaṃ uddesenā’’ti saṅkocaṃ anāpajjitvā dutiyadivase uddesakāle ācariyaṃ upasaṅkami. ‘‘Uppannā pahīyantī’’ti ettha uppannasadisā ‘‘uppannā’’ti vuttā, na paccuppannā. Na hi paccuppannesu āsavesu maggena pahānaṃ sambhavatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ye pana…pe… natthī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Vattamānuppannā</span> khaṇattayasamaṅgino. <span class="bld">Tesaṃ paṭipattiyā pahānaṃ natthi</span> uppajjanārahānaṃ paccayaghātena anuppādanameva tāya pahānanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para16"></a><a name="para16_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">16</span>. Yadi evaṃ dutiyapadaṃ kimatthiyanti? Padadvayaggahaṇaṃ āsavānaṃ uppannānuppannabhāvasambhavadassanatthañceva pahāyakavibhāgena pahātabbavibhāgadassanatthañca. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘idameva padaṃ gahetvā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Aññampī</span>ti ñāṇato aññampi satisaṃvarādiṃ. <span class="bld">Dassanā</span>ti idaṃ hetumhi nissakkavacananti <span class="bld">dassanenā</span>ti hetumhi karaṇavacanena tadatthaṃ vivarati. <span class="bld">Esa nayo</span>ti tamevatthaṃ atidisati. <span class="bld">Dassanenā</span>ti sotāpattimaggena. So hi paṭhamaṃ nibbānadassanato ‘‘dassana’’nti <a name="V1.0136"></a> vuccati. Yadipi taṃ gotrabhu paṭhamataraṃ passati, disvā pana kattabbakiccassa kilesappahānassa akaraṇato na taṃ dassananti vuccati. Āvajjanaṭṭhāniyañhi taṃ ñāṇaṃ maggassa, nibbānārammaṇattasāmaññena cetaṃ vuttaṃ, na nibbānapaṭivijjhanena, tasmā dhammacakkhu punappunaṃ nibbattanena bhāvanaṃ appattaṃ dassanaṃ nāma, dhammacakkhuñca pariññādikiccakaraṇavasena catusaccadhammadassanaṃ tadabhisamayoti nutthettha gotrabhussa dassanabhāvappatti<a name="M1.0152"></a>. Ayañca vicāro parato <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathāyameva</span> (ma. ni. aṭṭha. 1.22) āgamissati. <span class="bld">Sabbatthā</span>ti ‘‘saṃvarā pahātabbā’’tiādīsu. <span class="bld">Saṃvarā</span>ti saṃvarena, ‘‘saṃvaro’’ti cettha satisaṃvaro veditabbo. Paṭisevati etenāti <span class="bld">paṭisevanaṃ,</span> paccayesu idamatthikatāñāṇaṃ. Adhivāseti khamati etāyāti <span class="bld">adhivāsanā,</span> sītādīnaṃ khamanākārena pavatto adoso, tappadhānā vā cattāro kusalakkhandhā. Parivajjeti etenāti <span class="bld">parivajjanaṃ,</span> vāḷamigādīnaṃ pariharaṇavasena pavattā cetanā, tathāpavattā vā cattāro kusalakkhandhā. Kāmavitakkādike vinodeti vitudati etenāti <span class="bld">vinodanaṃ,</span> kusalavīriyaṃ. Paṭhamamaggena diṭṭhe catusaccadhamme bhāvanāvasena uppajjanato <span class="bld">bhāvanā,</span> sesamaggattayaṃ. Na hi taṃ adiṭṭhapubbaṃ kiñci passati, evaṃ dassanādīnaṃ vacanattho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="subhead">Dassanāpahātabbaāsavavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para17"></a><a name="para17_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">17</span>. Kusalākusaladhammehi ālambiyamānāpi ārammaṇadhammā āvajjanamukheneva tabbhāvaṃ gacchantīti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘manasikaraṇīye’’</span>ti padassa <span class="bld">‘‘āvajjitabbe’’</span>ti atthamāha. Hitasukhāvahabhāvena manasikaraṇaṃ arahantīti manasikaraṇīyā, tappaṭipakkhato amanasikaraṇīyāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘amanasikaraṇīyeti tabbiparīte’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sesapadesū</span>ti ‘‘manasikaraṇīye dhamme appajānanto’’tiādīsu. Yasmā kusaladhammesupi subhasukhaniccādivasena manasikāro assādanādihetutāya sāvajjo ahitadukkhāvaho akusaladhammesupi aniccādivasena manasikāro nibbidādihetutāya anavajjo hitasukhāvaho, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘dhammato niyamo natthī’’</span>ti vatvā <span class="bld">‘‘ākārato pana atthī’’</span>ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vā-saddo yebhuyyena ‘‘mamaṃ vā hi bhikkhave (dī. ni. 1.5, 6), devo vā bhavissāmi devaññataro vā’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.186; ma. ni. 2.79, 80) vikappattho diṭṭho, na samuccayatthoti tattha samuccayatthe payogaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yathā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Evañca katvā samuccayatthadīpakaṃ panetaṃ suttapadaṃ samudāhaṭaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāmāsavo</span>ti <a name="V1.0137"></a> pañcakāmaguṇasaṅkhāte kāme āsavo kāmāsavo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘pañcakāmaguṇiko rāgo’’</span>ti. Bhavāsavaṃ pana ṭhapetvā sabbo <a name="M1.0153"></a> lobho kāmāsavoti yuttaṃ siyā. <span class="bld">Rūpārūpabhaveti</span> kammupapattibhedato duvidhepi rūpārūpabhave <span class="bld">chandarāgo. Jhānanikantī</span>ti jhānassādo. ‘‘Sundaramidaṃ ṭhānaṃ niccaṃ dhuva’’ntiādinā assādentassa uppajjamāno sassatucchedadiṭṭhisahagato rāgo bhave āsavoti <span class="bld">bhavāsavo. Eva</span>nti sabbadiṭṭhīnaṃ sassatucchedadiṭṭhisaṅgahato bhavāsaveneva diṭṭhāsavo gahito taṃsahagatarāgatāyāti adhippāyo. Apare pana ‘‘diṭṭhāsavo avijjāsavena ca saṅgahito’’ti vadanti. Ettha ca ‘‘bhavāsavo catūsu diṭṭhigatavippayuttalobhasahagatacittuppādesu uppajjatī’’ti (dha. sa. 1465) vacanato diṭṭhisampayuttarāgassa bhavāsavabhāvo vicāretabbo, atha ‘‘kāmasahagatā saññāmanasikārā’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 4.332) viya ārammaṇakaraṇattho sahagatattho, evaṃ sati bhavāsave diṭṭhāsavassa samodhānagamanaṃ kataṃ na siyā. Na hi tampayogatabbhāvādike asati taṃsaṅgaho yutto, tasmā yathāvuttapāḷiṃ anusārena diṭṭhigatasampayuttalobhopi kāmāsavoti yuttaṃ siyā. Diṭṭhadhammikasamparāyikadukkhānañhi kāraṇabhūtā kāmāsavādayopi dvidhā vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Abhidhamme</span> (dha. sa. 1103) ca kāmāsavaniddese ‘‘kāmesūti kāmarāgadiṭṭhirāgādīnaṃ ārammaṇabhūtesu tebhūmakesu vatthukāmesū’’ti attho sambhavati. Tattha hi uppajjamānā sā taṇhā sabbāpi na kāmacchandādināmaṃ na labhatīti. Yadi pana lobho kāmāsavabhavāsavavinimuttopi siyā, so yadā diṭṭhigatavippayuttesu cittesu uppajjati, tadā tena sampayutto avijjāsavo āsavavippayuttoti domanassavicikicchuddhaccasampayuttassa viya tassapi āsavavippayuttatā vattabbā siyā ‘‘catūsu diṭṭhigatavippayuttalobhasahagatacittuppādesu uppanno moho siyā āsavasampayutto, siyā āsavavippayutto’’ti. ‘‘Kāmāsavo aṭṭhasu lobhasahagatacittuppādesu uppajjatī’ti (dha. sa. 1465), ‘‘kāmāsavaṃ paṭicca diṭṭhāsavo avijjāsavo’’ti (paṭṭhā. 3.3.109) ca vacanato diṭṭhisahagatarāgo kāmāsavo na hotīti na sakkā vattuṃ. Kiñca abhijjhākāmarāgānaṃ viseso āsavadvayaekāsavabhāvo siyā, na abhijjhāya ca noāsavabhāvoti noāsavalobhassa sabbhāvo vicāretabbo. Na hi atthi <span class="bld">abhidhamme</span> ‘‘āsavo ca <a name="M1.0154"></a> noāsavo ca dhammā āsavassa dhammassa āsavassa ca noāsavassa ca dhammassa hetupaccayo’’ti (paṭṭhā. 3.3.16-17) sattamo navamo ca pañho. Gaṇanāyañca ‘‘hetuyā sattā’’ti (paṭṭhā. 3.3.40) vuttaṃ, no ‘‘navā’’ti. Diṭṭhisampayutte pana lobhe noāsave vijjamāne sattamanavamāpi pañhā vissajjanaṃ labheyyuṃ, gaṇanāya ca ‘‘hetuyā navā’’ti vattabbaṃ siyā, na pana vuttaṃ. Diṭṭhivippayutte ca lobhe noāsave vijjamāne vattabbaṃ <a name="V1.0138"></a> vuttameva. Yasmā pana suttantadesanā nāma pariyāyakathā, na abhidhammadesanā viya nippariyāyakathā, tasmā balavakāmarāgasseva kāmāsavaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kāmāsavoti pañcakāmaguṇiko rāgo’’</span>ti vuttaṃ, tathā bhavābhinandananti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sāmaññena bhavāsavo diṭṭhāsavaṃ antogadhaṃ katvā idha tayo eva āsavā vuttāti tassa tadantogadhataṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ diṭṭhāsavo’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tathā hi vakkhati bhavāsavassa animittavimokkhapaṭipakkhataṃ. <span class="bld">Catūsu saccesu aññāṇa</span>nti idaṃ suttantanayaṃ nissāya vuttaṃ. Suttantasaṃvaṇṇanā hesāti, tadantogadhattā vā pubbantādīnaṃ. Yathā atthato kāmāsavādayo vavatthāpitā, tathā nesaṃ uppādavaḍḍhiyo dassento <span class="bld">‘‘kāmaguṇe’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Assādato manasikaroto</span>ti ‘‘subhasukhā’’tiādinā assādanavasena manasi karontassa. <span class="bld">Catuvipallāsapadaṭṭhānabhāvenā</span>ti subhasaññādīnaṃ vatthubhāvena. <span class="bld">Vuttanayapaccanīkato</span>ti ‘‘kāmā nāmete aniccā dukkhā vipariṇāmadhammā’’tiādinā kāmaguṇesu ādīnavadassanapubbakanekkhammapaṭipattiyā chandarāgaṃ vikkhambhayato samucchindantassa ca anuppanno ca kāmāsavo na uppajjati, uppanno ca pahīyati. Tathā mahaggatadhammesu ceva sakalatebhūmakadhammesu ca ādīnavadassanapubbakaaniccādimanasikāravasena nissaraṇapaṭipattiyā anuppannā ca bhavāsavaavijjāsavā na uppajjanti, uppannā ca pahīyantīti evaṃ taṇhāpakkhe vuttassa nayassa paṭipakkhato <span class="bld">sukkapakkhe vitthāro</span> veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tayo evā</span>ti abhidhamme viya ‘‘cattāro’’ti avatvā kasmā tayo eva āsavā idha imissaṃ dassanāpahātabbakathāyaṃ vuttā? Tattha kāmāsavassa taṇhāpaṇidhibhāvato <span class="bld">appaṇihitavimokkhapaṭipakkhatā</span> veditabbā. Bhavesu niccaggāhānusārato yebhuyyato bhavarāgasampattito bhavāsavassa <span class="bld">animittavimokkhapaṭipakkhatā,</span> bhavadiṭṭhiyā pana <a name="M1.0155"></a> bhavāsavabhāve vattabbameva natthi, anattasaññāya ñāṇānubhāvasiddhito avijjāsavassa <span class="bld">suññatavimokkhapaṭipakkhatā</span>. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti etissaṃ āsavakathāyaṃ. <span class="bld">Vaṇṇita</span>nti kathitaṃ. <span class="bld">Abhedato</span>ti sāmaññato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para18"></a><a name="para18_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">18</span>. <span class="bld">Kāmāsavādīna</span>nti manussalokadevalokagamanīyānaṃ kāmāsavādīnaṃ. Nirayādigamanīyā pana kāmāsavādayo ‘‘dassanā pahātabbe āsave’’ti ettheva samāruḷhā. Atha vā yadaggena so puggalodassanāpahātabbānaṃ āsavānaṃ adhiṭṭhānaṃ, tadaggena <span class="bld">kāmāsavādīnampi adhiṭṭhānaṃ</span>. Na hi samaññābhedena vatthubhedo atthīti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ettāvatā’’</span>tiādi <a name="V1.0139"></a> vuttaṃ. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘sāmaññato vuttāna’’</span>nti. Kasmā panettha dassanāpahātabbesu āsavesu dassetabbesu ‘‘ahosiṃ nu kho aha’’ntiādinā vicikicchā dassitāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vicikicchāsīsena cetthā’’</span>tiādi.<span class="bld"> Eva</span>nti yathā soḷasavatthukā vicikicchā uppajjati, evaṃ ayonisomanasikāroti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vijjamānataṃ avijjamānatañcā</span>ti (saṃ. ni. ṭī. 2.2.20) sassatāsaṅkaṃ nissāya ‘‘ahosiṃ nu kho ahamatītamaddhāna’’nti atīte attano vijjamānataṃ, adhiccasamuppattiāsaṅkaṃ nissāya ‘‘yato pabhuti ahaṃ, tato pubbe na nu kho ahosi’’nti atīte attano avijjamānatañca kaṅkhati. Kasmā? Vicikicchāya ākāradvayāvalambanato. Tassā pana atītavatthutāya gahitattā sassatādhiccasamuppattiākāranissayatā dassitā. Evaṃ āsappanaparisappanāpavattikaṃ katthacipi appaṭivattihetubhūtaṃ vicikicchaṃ kasmā uppādetīti na codetabbametanti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘kiṃ kāraṇanti na vattabba’’</span>nti.<span class="bld"> Sveva</span> puthujjanabhāvo eva. Yadi evaṃ tassa ayonisomanasikāreneva bhavitabbanti āpannanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘nanu ca puthujjanopi yoniso manasi karotī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti yonisomanasikaraṇe.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Jātiliṅgūpapattiyo</span>ti khattiyabrāhmaṇādijātiṃ gahaṭṭhapabbajitādiliṅgaṃ devamanussādiupapattiñca. <span class="bld">Nissāyā</span>ti upādāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tasmiṃ kāle sattānaṃ majjhimappamāṇaṃ, tena yutto <span class="bld">pamāṇiko,</span> tadabhāvato, tato atītabhāvato vā <span class="bld">appamāṇiko</span> veditabbo. <span class="bld">Kecī</span>ti sārasamāsācariyā. Te hi ‘‘kathaṃ nu khoti issarena <a name="M1.0156"></a> vā brahmunā vā pubbakatena vā ahetuto vā nibbattoti cintetī’’ti āhu. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘hetuto kaṅkhatīti vadantī’’</span>ti. Ahetuto nibbattikaṅkhāpi hi hetuparāmasanamevāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Parampara</span>nti pubbāparappavattiṃ. <span class="bld">Addhāna</span>nti kālādhivacanaṃ, tañca bhummatthe upayogavacanaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vijjamānataṃ avijjamānatañcāti</span> sassatāsaṅkaṃ nissāya ‘‘bhavissāmi nu kho ahamanāgatamaddhāna’’nti anāgate attano vijjamānataṃ, ucchedāsaṅkaṃ nissāya ‘‘yasmiñca attabhāve ahaṃ, tato paraṃ na nu kho bhavissāmī’’ti anāgate attano avijjamānatañca kaṅkhatīti heṭṭhā vuttanayena yojetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paccuppannamaddhāna</span>nti <a name="V1.0140"></a> addhāpaccuppannassa idhādhippetattā <span class="bld">‘‘paṭisandhiṃ ādiṃ katvā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. ‘‘Idaṃ kathaṃ idaṃ katha’’nti pavattanato kathaṃkathā, vicikicchā, sā assa atthīti <span class="bld">kathaṃkathī</span>ti āha ‘‘<span class="bld">vicikiccho hotī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Kā ettha cintā,</span> ummattako viya hi bālaputhujjanoti paṭikacceva vuttanti adhippāyo. Taṃ mahāmātāya <span class="bld">puttaṃ</span>. Muṇḍesunti muṇḍena anicchantaṃ jāgaraṇakāle na sakkāti suttaṃ muṇḍesuṃ kuladhammatāya yathā taṃ ekacce kulatāpasā, rājabhayenāti ca vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sītibhūta</span>nti idaṃ madhurakabhāvappattiyā kāraṇavacanaṃ. ‘‘Setibhūta’’ntipi pāṭho, udake ciraṭṭhānena setabhāvaṃ pattanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Attano khattiyabhāvaṃ kaṅkhati</span> kaṇṇo viya sūtaputtasaññī. Jātiyā vibhāviyamānāya ‘‘aha’’nti tassa attano parāmasanaṃ sandhāyāha ‘‘evañhi siyā kaṅkhā’’ti. <span class="bld">Manussāpi ca rājāno viyā</span>ti manussāpi keci ekacce rājāno viyāti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vuttanayameva</span> ‘‘saṇṭhānākāraṃ nissāyā’’tiādinā. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti ‘‘kathaṃ nu khosmī’’ti pade. <span class="bld">Abbhantare jīvo</span>ti paraparikappitaṃ antarattānaṃ vadati. <span class="bld">Soḷasaṃsādīna</span>nti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena sarīra-parimāṇa-parimaṇḍala-aṅguṭṭhayavaparamāṇu-parimāṇatādike saṅgaṇhāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Sattapaññatti <a name="M1.0157"></a> jīvavisayā’’ti diṭṭhigatikānaṃ matimattaṃ, paramatthato pana sā attabhāvavisayāvāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘attabhāvassa āgatigatiṭṭhāna’’</span>nti, yatāyaṃ āgato, yattha ca gamissati, taṃ ṭhānanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para19"></a><a name="para19_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">19</span>. <span class="bld">Yathā ayaṃ vicikicchā uppajjatī</span>ti ayaṃ vuttappabhedā vicikicchā yathā uppajjati, evaṃ ayoniso manasikaroto. Etena vicikicchāya attābhinivesasannissayatamāha. Yathā hi vicikicchā attābhinivesaṃ nissāya pavattati, yato sā sassatādhiccasamuppattisassatucchedākārāvalambinī vuttā, evaṃ attābhinivesopi taṃ nissāya pavattati ‘‘ahosiṃ nu kho aha’’ntiādinā antogadhāhaṃkārassa kathaṃkathibhāvassa attaggāhasannissayabhāvato. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘savicikicchassa ayonisomanasikārassa thāmagatattā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Vikappattho</span>ti aniyamattho. ‘‘Aññatarā diṭṭhi uppajjatī’’ti hi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Suṭṭhu daḷhabhāvenā</span>ti abhinivesassa ativiya thāmagatabhāvena. <span class="bld">Tattha tatthā</span>ti tasmiṃ bhave. <span class="bld">Paccuppannamevā</span>ti avadhāraṇena <a name="V1.0141"></a> anāgate atthibhāvaṃ nivatteti, na atīte tatthapi sati atthitāya ucchedaggāhassa sabbhāvato. <span class="bld">Atīte eva natthi,</span> na anāgatepīti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saññākkhandhasīsenā</span>ti saññākkhandhapamukhena, saññākkhandhaṃ pamukhaṃ katvāti attho. <span class="bld">Khandhe</span>ti pañcapi khandhe. <span class="bld">Attāti gahetvā</span>ti ‘‘sañjānanasabhāvo me attā’’ti abhinivissa. Pakāsetabbaṃ vatthuṃ viya, attānampi pakāsento padīpo viya, sañjānitabbaṃ nīlādiārammaṇaṃ viya attānampi sañjānātīti evaṃdiṭṭhitopi diṭṭhigatito hotīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘attanāva attānaṃ sañjānāmī’’</span>ti. Svāyamattho saññaṃ tadaññataradhamme ca ‘‘attā anattā’’ti ca gahaṇavasena hotīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘saññākkhandhasīsenā’’</span>tiādi. Ettha ca khandhavinimutto attāti gaṇhato sassatadiṭṭhi, khandhaṃ pana ‘‘attā’’ti gaṇhato ucchedadiṭṭhīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbāpi sassatucchedadiṭṭhiyovā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Abhinivesākārā</span>ti vipariyesākārā. <span class="bld">Vadatī</span>ti iminā kārakavedakasattānaṃ hitasukhāvabodhanasamatthataṃ attano dīpeti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vacīkammassa kārako’’</span>ti. Vedetīti vediyo, vediyova <span class="bld">vedeyyo</span>. Īdisānañhi padānaṃ bahulā kattusādhanataṃ saddasatthavidū maññanti. Uppādavato ekanteneva vayo icchitabbo, sati ca udayabbayatte neva <a name="M1.0158"></a> niccatāti <span class="bld">‘‘nicco’’</span>ti vadantassa adhippāyaṃ vivaranto āha <span class="bld">‘‘uppādavayarahito’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sārabhūto</span>ti niccatāya eva sārabhāvo. <span class="bld">Sabbakāliko</span>ti sabbasmiṃ kāle vijjamāno. <span class="bld">Pakatibhāva</span>nti sabhāvabhūtaṃ pakatiṃ, ‘‘vado’’tiādinā vā vuttaṃ pakatisaṅkhātaṃ sabhāvaṃ. <span class="bld">Sassatisama</span>nti sassatiyā samaṃ sassatisamaṃ, thāvaraṃ niccakālanti attho. <span class="bld">Tatheva ṭhassatī</span>ti yenākārena pubbe aṭṭhāsi, etarahi tiṭṭhati, tatheva tenākārena anāgatepi ṭhassatīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paccakkhanidassanaṃ</span> idaṃ-saddassa āsannapaccakkhabhāvaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhiyeva diṭṭhigata</span>nti gata-saddassa padavaḍḍhanamattataṃ āha. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhīsugata</span>nti micchādiṭṭhīsu pariyāpannanti attho. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘dvāsaṭṭhidiṭṭhiantogadhattā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhiyā gamanamatta</span>nti diṭṭhiyā gahaṇamattaṃ. Yathā pana pabbatajalaviduggāni dunniggamanāni, evaṃ diṭṭhiggāhopīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘dunniggamanaṭṭhena gahana’’</span>nti. Taṃ nāma udakaṃ, taṃ gahetvā taṃ atikkamitabbato <span class="bld">kantāro,</span> nirudakavanaṃ, taṃ pavanantipi vuccati. Añño pana araññapadeso duratikkamanaṭṭhena kantāro viyāti, evaṃ diṭṭhipīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘duratikkamanaṭṭhenā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Vinivijjhanaṃ</span> vitudanaṃ. <span class="bld">Vilomanaṃ</span> vipariṇāmabhāvo. Anavaṭṭhitasabhāvatāya vicalitaṃ <span class="bld">vipphandita</span>nti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kadācī’’</span>tiādi. Andubandhanādi viya nissarituṃ <a name="V1.0142"></a> appadānavasena aseribhāvakaraṇaṃ <span class="bld">bandhanaṭṭho,</span> kilesakammavipākavaṭṭānaṃ paccayabhāvena dūragatampi ākaḍḍhitvā saṃyojanaṃ <span class="bld">saṃyojanaṭṭho,</span> diṭṭhipi tathārūpāti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘diṭṭhisaṃyojana’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Bandhanatthaṃ dassento</span> kiccasiddhiyāti adhippāyo. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘diṭṭhisaṃyojanena…pe… muccatī’’</span>ti. Tattha <span class="bld">etehī</span>ti iminā jātiādidukkhassa paccayabhāvamāha. Jātiādike dukkhadhamme sarūpato dassetvāpi ‘‘na parimuccati dukkhasmā’’ti vadantena bhagavatā diṭṭhisaṃyojanaṃ nāma sabbānatthakaraṃ mahāsāvajjaṃ sabbassapi dukkhassa mūlabhūtanti ayamattho vibhāvitoti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kiṃ vā bahunā, sakalavaṭṭadukkhatopi na muccatī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para20"></a><a name="para20_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">20</span>. Nanu cettha diṭṭhisaṃyojanadassanena sīlabbataparāmāsopi dassetabbo, evañhi dassanena pahātabbā āsavā anavasesato dassitā hontīti codanaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘yasmā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Sīlabbataparāmāso kāmāsavādiggahaṇeneva gahito hoti</span> kāmāsavādihetukattā tassa. Appahīnakāmarāgādiko hi kāmasukhatthaṃ vā bhavasuddhatthaṃ <a name="M1.0159"></a> vā evaṃ bhavavisuddhi hotīti <span class="bld">sīlabbatāni parāmasanti,</span> ‘‘imināhaṃ sīlena vā vatena vā tapena vā brahmacariyena vā devo vā bhavissāmi devaññataro vā’’ti (ma. ni. 1.186; ma. ni. 2.79), ‘‘tattha nicco dhuvo sassato avipariṇāmadhammo sassatisamaṃ tatheva ṭhassāmī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.19), ‘‘sīlena suddhi vatena suddhi sīlabbatena suddhī’’ti (dha. sa. 1222) ca <span class="bld">sutte</span>vuttaṃ sīlabbataṃ parāmasanti. Tattha <span class="bld">bhavasukhabhavavisuddhiattha</span>nti bhavasukhatthañca bhavavisuddhiatthañca. <span class="bld">Tassa gahitattā</span>ti sīlabbataparāmāsassa diṭṭhiggahaṇena gahitattā yathā ‘‘diṭṭhigatānaṃ pahānāyā’’tiādīsu (dha. sa. 277). <span class="bld">Tesa</span>nti dassanapahātabbānaṃ. <span class="bld">Dassetuṃ</span> puggalādhiṭṭhānāya desanāya. <span class="bld">Tabbiparītassā</span>ti yonisomanasikaroto kalyāṇaputhujjanassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti ‘‘sutavā’’tiādipāṭhassa. <span class="bld">Tāvā</span>ti ‘‘sutavā’’ti ito paṭṭhāya yāva ‘‘so idaṃ dukkha’’nti padaṃ, tāva imaṃ padaṃ avadhiṃ katvāti attho. <span class="bld">Heṭṭhā vuttanayenā</span>ti ariyasappurisa-ariyadhamma-sappurisadhamma-manasikaraṇīya-amanasikaraṇīyapadānaṃ yathākkamaṃ mūlapariyāye idha gahetvā vuttanayena attho veditabboti sambandho. <span class="bld">Vuttapaccanīkato</span>ti ‘‘sutavā ariyasāvako, ariyānaṃ dassāvī, sappurisānaṃ dassāvī’’ti etesaṃ padānaṃ sabbākārena vuttaviparītato attho veditabbo, kovidavinītapadānaṃ pana na sabbappakārena vuttaviparītato. Arahā hi nippariyāyena ariyadhamme kovido ariyadhamme suvinīto ca nāma. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘paccanīkato ca sabbākārena…pe… ariyasāvakoti veditabbo’’</span>ti. Saṅkhārupekkhāñāṇaṃ <span class="bld">sikhāppattavipassanā</span>. Keci pana ‘‘bhaṅgañāṇato paṭṭhāya sikhāpattavipassanā’’ti vadanti, tadayuttaṃ<a name="V1.0143"></a>. <span class="bld">Tadanurūpena atthenā</span>ti tassa puggalassa anurūpena ariyaṭṭhena, na paṭivedhavasenāti adhippāyo. Kalyāṇaputhujjano hi ayaṃ. Yathā cassa ‘‘yopi kalyāṇaputhujjano’’ti ārabhitvā ‘‘sopi vuccati sikkhatīti sekkho’’ti pariyāyena <span class="bld">sekkhasutte</span> (saṃ. ni. 5.13) sekkhabhāvo vutto, evaṃ idha ariyasāvakabhāvo vutto. Vuṭṭhānagāminīvipassanālakkhaṇehi ye ariyasappurisadhammavinayasaṅkhātā bodhipakkhiyadhammā tisso sikkhā eva vā sambhavanti, tesaṃ vasena imassa ariyasāvakādibhāvo vutto<a name="M1.0160"></a>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tadanurūpena atthenā’’</span>ti. Ariyassa sāvakoti vā ariyasāvakatthena eva vutto yathā ‘‘agamā rājagahaṃ buddho’’ti (su. ni. 410). Sikhāppattavipassanāggahaṇañcettha vipassanaṃ ussukkāpetvā anivattipaṭipadāyaṃ ṭhitassa gahaṇatthanti yathāvuttā atthasaṃvaṇṇanā suṭṭhutaraṃ yujjateva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para21"></a><a name="para21_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">21</span>. Yathā dhātumukhena vipassanaṃ abhiniviṭṭho dhātukammaṭṭhāniko āyatanādimukhena abhiniviṭṭho āyatanādikammaṭṭhāniko, evaṃ saccamukhena abhiniviṭṭhoti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘catusaccakammaṭṭhāniko’’</span>ti. Caturoghanittharaṇatthikehi kātabbato kammaṃ, bhāvanā. Kammameva visesādhigamassa ṭhānaṃ kāraṇanti, kamme vā yathāvuttanaṭṭhena ṭhānaṃ avaṭṭhānaṃ bhāvanārambhokammaṭṭhānaṃ, tadeva catusaccamukhena pavattaṃ etassa atthīti <span class="bld">catusaccakammaṭṭhāniko</span>. Ubhayaṃ nappavattati etthāti <span class="bld">appavatti</span>. <span class="bld">Uggahitacatusaccakammaṭṭhāno</span>ti ca catusaccakammaṭṭhānaṃ pāḷito atthato ca uggahetvā manasikārayoggaṃ katvā ṭhito. <span class="bld">Vipassanāmaggaṃ samāruḷho</span>ti sappaccayanāmarūpadassane patiṭṭhāya tadeva nāmarūpaṃ aniccādito sammasanto. <span class="bld">Samannāharatī</span>ti vipassanāvajjanaṃ sandhāyāha, tasmā yathā ‘‘idaṃ dukkha’’nti vipassanāñāṇaṃ pavattati, evaṃ samannāharati āvajjatīti attho. Kathaṃ panettha ‘‘manasi karotī’’ti iminā ‘‘vipassatī’’ti ayamattho vutto hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ettha…pe… vuttā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti ca imasmiṃ sutteti attho. <span class="bld">Vipassatī</span>ti ca yathā upari visesādhigamo hoti, evaṃ ñāṇacakkhunā vipassati, oloketīti attho. Maggopi vattabbo. Purimañhi saccadvayaṃ gambhīrattā duddasaṃ, itaraṃ duddasattā gambhīraṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Abhiniveso</span>ti vipassanābhiniveso vipassanāpaṭipatti. <span class="bld">Tadārammaṇe</span>ti taṃ rūpakkhandhaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā pavatte. <span class="bld">Yāthāvasarasalakkhaṇaṃ vavatthapetvā</span>ti aviparītaṃ attano ārammaṇaṃ sabhāvacchedanādikiccañceva aññāṇādilakkhaṇañca asaṅkarato hadaye ṭhapetvā. Iminā pubbe nāmarūpaparicchede katepi dhammānaṃ salakkhaṇavavatthāpanaṃ paccayapariggahena suvavatthāpitaṃ nāma hotīti dasseti yathā ‘‘dvikkhattuṃ baddhaṃ subaddha’’nti. Evañhi ñātapariññāya kiccaṃ siddhaṃ nāma <a name="V1.0144"></a> hoti. Paccayato paccayuppannato ca vavatthāpitattā pākaṭabhāvena siddhenapi siddhabhāvo pākaṭo hotīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ahutvā hontī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Aniccalakkhaṇaṃ āropetī</span>ti asato hi <a name="M1.0161"></a> uppādena bhavitabbaṃ, na sato, uppādavantato ca nesaṃ ekantena icchitabbā paccayāyattavuttibhāvato, sati uppāde avassaṃbhāvī nirodhoti nattheva niccatāvakāsoti. Sūpaṭṭhitāniccatāya ca udayabbayadhammehi abhiṇhapaṭipīḷanato dukkhamanaṭṭhena dukkhaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘udayabbayapaṭipīḷitattā dukkhāti dukkhalakkhaṇaṃ āropetī’’</span>ti. Katthacipi saṅkhāragate ‘‘mā jīri mā byādhiyī’’ti alabbhanato natthi vasavattananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘avasavattanato anattāti anattalakkhaṇaṃ āropetī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Paṭipāṭiyā</span>ti udayabbayañāṇādiparamparāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tasmiṃ khaṇe</span>ti sotāpattimaggakkhaṇe. <span class="bld">Ekapaṭivedhenevā</span>ti ekañāṇeneva paṭivijjhanena. Paṭivedho paṭighātābhāvena visaye nissaṅgacārasaṅkhātaṃ nibbijjhanaṃ. <span class="bld">Abhisamayo</span> avirajjhitvā visayassa adhigamasaṅkhāto <span class="bld">avabodho</span>. ‘‘Idaṃ dukkhaṃ, ettakaṃ dukkhaṃ, na ito bhiyyo’’ti paricchinditvā jānanameva vuttanayena paṭivedhoti <span class="bld">pariññāpaṭivedho</span>. Ayaṃ yathā ñāṇe pavatte pacchā dukkhassa sarūpādiparicchede sammoho na hoti, tathā pavattiṃ gahetvā vutto, na pana maggañāṇassa ‘‘idaṃ dukkha’’ntiādināpi vattanato. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘na hissa tasmiṃ samaye’’</span>tiādi. Pahīnassa puna appahātabbatāya pakaṭṭhaṃ hānaṃ cajanaṃ samucchindanaṃ pahānaṃ, pahānameva vuttanayena paṭivedhoti <span class="bld">pahānapaṭivedho</span>. Ayampi yena kilesena appahīyamānena maggabhāvanāya na bhavitabbaṃ, asati ca maggabhāvanāya yo uppajjeyya, tassa kilesassa padaghātaṃ karontassa anuppattidhammataṃ āpādentassa ñāṇassa tathāpavattiyā paṭighātābhāvena nissaṅgacāraṃ upādāya evaṃ vutto. Sacchikiriyā paccakkhakaraṇaṃ, anussavākāraparivitakkādike muñcitvā sarūpato ārammaṇakaraṇaṃ idaṃ tanti yathāsabhāvato gahaṇaṃ, sā eva vuttanayena paṭivedhoti <span class="bld">sacchikiriyāpaṭivedho</span>. Ayaṃ pana yassa āvaraṇassa asamucchindanato ñāṇaṃ nirodhaṃ ālambituṃ na sakkoti, tassa samucchindanato taṃ sarūpato vibhāvitameva pavattatīti evaṃ vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bhāvanā uppādanā vaḍḍhanā ca, tattha paṭhamamagge uppādanaṭṭhena, dutiyādīsu vaḍḍhanaṭṭhena, ubhayatthāpi vā ubhayathāpi veditabbaṃ. Paṭhamamaggopi hi yathārahaṃ vuṭṭhānagāminiyaṃ pavattaṃ parijānanādiṃ vaḍḍhento pavattoti tatthāpi vaḍḍhanaṭṭhena bhāvanā <a name="M1.0162"></a> sakkā viññātuṃ. Dutiyādīsupi appahīnakilesappahānato puggalantarasādhanato uppādanaṭṭhena bhāvanā, sā eva vuttanayena paṭivedhoti <span class="bld">bhāvanā paṭivedho</span>. Ayampi hi yathā ñāṇe pavatte pacchā maggadhammānaṃ sarūpaparicchede <a name="V1.0145"></a> sammoho na hoti, tathā pavattimeva gahetvā vutto, tiṭṭhatu tāva yathādhigatamaggadhammaṃ yathāpavattesu phaladhammesupi ayaṃ yathādhigatasaccadhammesu viya vigatasammohova hoti. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘diṭṭhadhammo pattadhammo viditadhammo pariyogāḷhadhammo’’ti (dī. ni. 1.299, 356; mahāva. 27, 57). Yato cassa dhammatāsañcoditā yathādhigatasaccadhammāvalambiniyo maggavīthito parato maggaphalapahīnāvasiṭṭhakilesanibbānānaṃ paccavekkhaṇā pavattanti. Dukkhasaccadhammā hi sakkāyadiṭṭhiādayo. Ayañca atthavaṇṇanā ‘‘pariññābhisamayenā’’tiādīsupi vibhāvetabbā. <span class="bld">Ekābhisamayena abhisametī</span>ti vuttamevatthaṃ vibhūtataraṃ katvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘no ca kho aññamaññena ñāṇenā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vitaṇḍavādī panāha ‘‘ariyamaggañāṇaṃ catūsu saccesu nānābhisamayavasena kiccakaraṇaṃ, na ekābhisamayavasena. Tañhi kālena dukkhaṃ pajānāti, kālena samudayaṃ pajahati, kālena nirodhaṃ sacchikaroti, kālena maggaṃ bhāveti, aññathā ekassa ñāṇassa ekasmiṃ khaṇe catukiccakaraṇaṃ na yujjati. Na hidaṃ katthaci diṭṭhampi suttaṃ atthī’’ti. So vattabbo – yadi ariyamaggañāṇaṃ nānābhisamayavasena saccāni abhisameti, na ekābhisamayavasena, evaṃ sante paccekampi saccesu nānakkhaṇeneva pavatteyya, na ekakkhaṇena, tathā sati dukkhādīnaṃ ekadesekadesameva parijānāti pajahatīti āpajjatīti nānābhisamaye paṭhamamaggādīhi pahātabbānaṃ saññojanattayādīnaṃ ekadesekadesappahānaṃ siyāti ekadesasotāpattimaggaṭṭhāditā, tato eva ekadesasotāpannāditā ca āpajjati anantaraphalattā lokuttarakusalānaṃ, na ca taṃ yuttaṃ. Na hi kālabhedena vinā so eva sotāpanno ca asotāpanno cāti sakkā viññātuṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apicāyaṃ nānābhisamayavādī evaṃ pucchitabbo ‘‘maggañāṇaṃ saccāni paṭivijjhantaṃ kiṃ ārammaṇato paṭivijjhati, udāhu kiccato’’ti? Jānamāno ‘‘kiccato’’ti vadeyya, ‘‘kiccato paṭivijjhantassa kiṃ nānābhisamayenā’’ti vatvā paṭipāṭiyānidassanena <a name="M1.0163"></a> saññāpetabbo. Atha ‘‘ārammaṇato’’ti vadeyya, evaṃ sante tassa ñāṇassa vipassanāñāṇassa viya dukkhasamudayānaṃ accantapariññāsamucchedā na yuttā anissaṭattā. Tathā maggadassanaṃ. Na hi maggo sayameva attānaṃ ārabbha pavattatīti yuttaṃ, maggantaraparikappanāya pana anavaṭṭhānaṃ āpajjati, tasmā tīṇi saccāni kiccato, nirodhaṃ kiccato ca ārammaṇato ca paṭivijjhatīti evaṃ asammohato paṭivijjhantassa maggañāṇassa nattheva nānābhisamayo. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘yo bhikkhave dukkhaṃ passati, dukkhasamudayampi so passatī’’tiādi. Na cetaṃ kālantaradassanaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ ‘‘yo nu kho, āvuso, dukkhaṃ passati, dukkhasamudayampi <a name="V1.0146"></a> …pe… dukkhanirodhagāminipaṭipadampi so passatī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.1100) ekaccadassanasamaṅgino aññasaccadassanasamaṅgibhāvavicāraṇāyaṃ tadatthasādhanatthaṃ āyasmatā gavampatittherena ābhatattā, paccekañca saccattayadassanassa yojitattā, aññathā purimadiṭṭhassa puna adassanato samudayādidassanamayojaniyaṃ siyā. Na hi lokuttaramaggo lokiyamaggo viya katakārībhāvena pavattati samucchedakattā, tathā yojanena ca sabbadassanaṃ dassanantaraparamanti dassanānuparamo siyāti evaṃ āgamato yuttito ca nānābhisamayo na yujjatīti saññāpetabbo. Evaṃ ce saññattiṃ gacchati, iccetaṃ kusalaṃ. No ce gacchati, <span class="bld">abhidhamme</span> (kathā. 274) odhisokathāya saññāpetabboti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nirodhaṃ ārammaṇato</span>ti nirodhameva ārammaṇatoti niyamo gahetabbo, na ārammaṇatovāti. Tena nirodhe kiccatopi paṭivedho siddho hoti. <span class="bld">Tasmiṃ samaye</span>ti saccānaṃ abhisamaye. <span class="bld">Vīsativatthukā</span>tiādi ‘‘tīṇi saññojanānī’’ti vuttānaṃ sarūpadassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Catūsu āsavesū</span>ti idaṃ abhidhammanayena vuttaṃ, na suttantanayena. Na hi sutte katthaci cattāro āsavā āgatā atthi. Yadi vicikicchā na āsavo, atha kasmā ‘‘sakkāyadiṭṭhi vicikicchā sīlabbataparāmāso, ime vuccanti, bhikkhave, āsavā dassanā pahātabbā’’ti vuttanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘dassanā pahātabbā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Ettha pariyāpannattā</span>ti etena sammāsaṅkappassa viya paññākkhandhe kiccasabhāgatāya idha vicikicchāya āsavasaṅgaho katoti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sabbo <a name="M1.0164"></a> attaggāho sakkāyadiṭṭhivinimutto natthīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘channaṃ diṭṭhīnaṃ…pe… vibhattā’’</span>ti. Sā hi diṭṭhi ekasmiṃ cittuppāde santāne ca ṭhitaṃ ekaṭṭhaṃ, tattha paṭhamaṃ sahajātekaṭṭhaṃ, itaraṃ pahānekaṭṭhaṃ, tadubhayampi niddhāretvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘diṭṭhāsavehī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbathāpī</span>ti sabbappakārena, sahajātekaṭṭhapahānekaṭṭhappakārehīti attho. <span class="bld">Avasesā</span>ti diṭṭhāsavato avasiṭṭhā. <span class="bld">Tayopi āsavā</span>ti kāmāsavabhavāsavaavijjāsavā. Tathā hi pubbe ‘‘catūsu āsavesū’’ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā bahū evettha āsavā pahātabbā, tasmā bahuvacananiddeso kato ‘‘ime vuccanti, bhikkhave, āsavā dassanā pahātabbā’’ti. <span class="bld">Porāṇāna</span>nti aṭṭhakathācariyānaṃ, ‘‘purātanānaṃ majjhimabhāṇakāna’’nti ca vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dassanā pahātabbā</span>tiādīsu yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ heṭṭhā vuttameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Dassanāpahātabbaāsavavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Saṃvarāpahātabbaāsavavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para22"></a><a name="para22_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">22</span>. <span class="bld">Saṃvarādīhī</span>ti <a name="V1.0147"></a> saṃvarapaṭisevanaadhivāsanaparivajjanavinodanehi. <span class="bld">Sabbesampī</span>ti catunnampi ariyamaggānaṃ. <span class="bld">Aya</span>nti saṃvarāpahātabbādikathā <span class="bld">pubbabhāgapaṭipadāti veditabbā</span>. Tathā hi heṭṭhā ‘‘upakkilesavisodhanaṃ ādiṃ katvā āsavakkhayapaṭipattidassanattha’’nti suttantadesanāya payojanaṃ vuttaṃ. Na hi sakkā ādito eva ariyamaggaṃ bhāvetuṃ, atha kho samādinnasīlo indriyesu guttadvāro ‘‘saṅkhāyekaṃ paṭisevati, saṅkhāyekaṃ adhivāseti, saṅkhāyekaṃ parivajjeti, saṅkhāyekaṃ vinodetī’’ti (dī. ni. 3.348; ma. ni. 2.168) evaṃ vuttaṃ caturāpassenapaṭipattiṃ paṭipajjamāno sammasanavidhiṃ otaritvā anukkamena vipassanaṃ ussukkāpetvā maggapaṭipāṭiyā āsave khepeti. Tenāha bhagavā ‘‘seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, mahāsamuddo anupubbaninno anupubbapoṇo anupubbapabbhāro, na āyatakeneva papāto, evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, imasmiṃ dhammavinaye anupubbasikkhā anupubbakiriyā anupubbapaṭipadā, na āyatakeneva aññāpaṭivedho’’ti (a. ni. 8.20; udā. 45; cūḷava. 385).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Idhā</span>ti <a name="M1.0165"></a> ayaṃ <span class="bld">idha</span>-saddo sabbākārato indriyasaṃvarasaṃvutassa puggalassa sannissayabhūtasāsanaparidīpano, aññasāsanassa tathābhāvapaṭisedhano cāti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘imasmiṃ sāsane’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ādīnavapaṭisaṅkhā</span>ti ādīnavapaccavekkhaṇā. <span class="bld">Sampalimaṭṭha</span>nti (a. ni. ṭī. 3.6.58) ghaṃsitaṃ. <span class="bld">Anubyañjanaso</span>ti hatthapādahasitakathitavilokitādippakārabhāgaso. Tañhi ayoniso manasikaroto kilesānaṃ anu anu byañjanato ‘‘anubyañjana’’nti vuccati. <span class="bld">Nimittaggāho</span>ti itthipurisanimittādikassa vā kilesavatthubhūtassa vā nimittassa gāho. <span class="bld">Ādittapariyāyanayenā</span>ti ādittapariyāye (saṃ. ni. 4.28; mahāva. 54) āgatanayena veditabbā ādīnavapaṭisaṅkhāti yojanā. Yathā itthiyā indriyanti itthindriyaṃ, na evamidaṃ, idaṃ pana <span class="bld">cakkhumeva indriyanti cakkhundriyanti</span>. <span class="bld">Titthakāko viyā</span>ti titthe kāko titthakāko, nadiyā samatikkamanatitthe niyataṭṭhitiko. <span class="bld">Āvāṭakacchapo</span>tiādīsupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ tappaṭibaddhavuttitāya <span class="bld">cakkhundriye</span> niyataṭṭhāno <span class="bld">saṃvaro</span> cakkhundriyasaṃvaro. <span class="bld">Muṭṭhassaccaṃ</span> satipaṭipakkhā akusaladhammā. Yadipi aññattha asaṅkheyyampi bhavaṅgacittaṃ nirantaraṃ uppajjati, pasādaghaṭṭanāvajjanuppādānaṃ pana antare dve eva bhavaṅgacittāni uppajjantīti ayaṃ cittaniyāmoti āha <span class="bld">bhavaṅge ‘‘dvikkhattuṃ uppajjitvā niruddhe’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Javanakkhaṇe</span> <a name="V1.0148"></a> <span class="bld">pana sace dussīlyaṃ vā</span>tiādi (visuddhi. ṭī. 1.15; dha. sa. mūlaṭī. 1352) puna avacanatthaṃ idheva sabbaṃ vuttanti chasu dvāresu yathāsambhavaṃ yojetabbaṃ. Na hi pañcadvāre kāyavacīduccaritasaṅkhāto dussīlyasaṃvaro atthīti so manodvāravasena, itaro channampi dvārānaṃ vasena yojetabbo. Muṭṭhassaccādīnañhi satipaṭipakkhādilakkhaṇānaṃ akusaladhammānaṃ siyā pañcadvāre uppatti, na tveva kāyikavācasikavītikkamabhūtassa dussīlyassa tattha uppatti pañcadvārikajavanānaṃ aviññattijanakattāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yathā ki</span>nti yena pakārena javane uppajjamāno asaṃvaro ‘‘cakkhudvāre asaṃvaro’’ti vuccati, taṃ nidassanaṃ kinti attho. <span class="bld">Yathā</span>tiādinā nagaradvāre asaṃvare sati taṃsambandhānaṃ gharādīnaṃ asaṃvutatā <a name="M1.0166"></a> viya javane asaṃvare sati taṃsambandhānaṃ dvārādīnaṃ asaṃvutatāti aññāsaṃvare aññāsaṃvutatāsāmaññameva nidasseti, na pubbāparasāmaññaṃ, antobahisāmaññaṃ vā. Sambandho ca javanena dvārādīnaṃ ekasantatipariyāpannatāya eva daṭṭhabbo. Paccayabhāvena purimanipphannaṃ javanakāle asantampi bhavaṅgādi phalanipphattiyā cakkhādi viya santaṃyeva nāma. Na hi dharamānaṃyeva ‘‘santa’’nti vuccati, tasmā sati dvārabhavaṅgādike pacchā uppajjamānaṃ javanaṃ bāhiraṃ viya katvā nagaradvārasamānaṃ vuttaṃ. Itarañca antonagaragharādisamānaṃ. Javanassa hi paramatthato asatipi bāhirabhāve itarassa ca abbhantarabhāve ‘‘pabhassaramidaṃ, bhikkhave, cittaṃ, tañca kho āgantukehi upakkilesehi upakkiliṭṭha’’nti (a. ni. 1.49) ādivacanato āgantukabhūtassa kadāci kadāci uppajjamānassa javanassa bāhirabhāvo, tabbidhurasabhāvassa itarassa abbhantarabhāvo ca pariyāyato veditabbo. Javane vā asaṃvare uppanne tato paraṃ dvārabhavaṅgādīnaṃ asaṃvarahetubhāvāpattito nagaradvārasadisena javanena pavisitvā dussīlyādicorānaṃ dvārabhavaṅgādīsu musanaṃ kusalabhaṇḍavināsanaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Uppanne hi asaṃvare dvārādīnaṃ tassa hetubhāvo paññāyati, so ca uppajjamānoyeva dvārādīnaṃ saṃvarūpanissayabhāvaṃ paṭibāhentoyeva pavattatīti ayañhettha asaṃvarādīnaṃ pavattinayo. Pañcadvāre rūpādiārammaṇe āpāthagate yathāpaccayaṃ akusalajavane uppajjitvā bhavaṅgaṃ otiṇṇe manodvārikajavanaṃ taṃyeva ārammaṇaṃ katvā bhavaṅgaṃ otarati, puna tasmiṃyeva dvāre ‘‘itthī puriso’’tiādinā visayaṃ vavatthapetvā javanaṃ bhavaṅgaṃ otarati, puna vāre rajjanādivasena javanaṃ javati, punapi yadi tādisaṃ ārammaṇaṃ āpāthamāgacchati, taṃsadisameva pañcadvāre rūpādīsu javanaṃ uppajjati. Taṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘evameva javane dussīlyādīsu uppannesu tasmiṃ asaṃvare sati dvārampi agutta’’</span>ntiādi. Ayaṃ tāva asaṃvarapakkhe atthavaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Saṃvarapakkhepi <a name="V1.0149"></a> imināva nayena attho veditabbo. Saṃvarena samannāgato puggalo saṃvutoti vuttoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘upetoti vuttaṃ hotī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ekajjhaṃ katvā</span>ti ‘‘pātimokkhasaṃvarasaṃvuto’’ti padañca atthato abhinnaṃ samānaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Ayameva cettha attho</span> <span class="bld">sundarataro</span> <a name="M1.0167"></a> uparipāḷiyā saṃsandanato. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tathāhī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Yanti ādeso</span>ti iminā liṅgavipallāsena saddhiṃ vacanavipallāso katoti dasseti, nipātapadaṃ vā etaṃ paccattaputhuvacanatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Vighātakarā</span>ti cittavighātakaraṇā cittadukkhanibbattakā ca. Yathāvuttakilesahetukā dāhānubandhā vipākā eva <span class="bld">vipākapariḷāhā</span>. Yathā panettha āsavā aññe ca vighātakarā kilesavipākapariḷāhā sambhavanti, taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘cakkhudvārehī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ, taṃ suviññeyyameva. Ettha ca saṃvaraṇūpāyo, saṃvaritabbaṃ, saṃvaro, yato so saṃvaro, yattha saṃvaro, yañca saṃvaraphalanti ayaṃ vibhāgo veditabbo. Kathaṃ? Paṭisaṅkhā yonisoti hi <span class="bld">saṃvaraṇūpāyo</span>. Cakkhundriyaṃ <span class="bld">saṃvaritabbaṃ</span>. Saṃvaraggahaṇena gahitā sati <span class="bld">saṃvaro</span>. Asaṃvutassāti <span class="bld">saṃvaraṇāvadhi</span>. Asaṃvarato hi saṃvaraṇaṃ. Saṃvaritabbaggahaṇena siddho idha <span class="bld">saṃvaravisayo</span>. Cakkhundriyañhi saṃvarañāṇaṃ rūpārammaṇe saṃvarīyatīti avuttasiddhoyamattho. Āsavatannimittakilesādipariḷāhābhāvo <span class="bld">phalaṃ</span>. Evaṃ sotadvārādīsupi yojetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbatthevā</span>ti manodvāre pañcadvāre cāti sabbasmiṃ dvāre.</p>
<p class="centered">Saṃvarāpahātabbaāsavavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Paṭisevanāpahātabbaāsavavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para23"></a><a name="para23_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">23</span>. <span class="bld">Paṭisaṅkhā yoniso cīvara</span>ntiādīsu ‘‘sītassa paṭighātāyā’’tiādinā vuttaṃ paccavekkhaṇameva yoniso paṭisaṅkhā. <span class="bld">Īdisa</span>nti evarūpaṃ iṭṭhārammaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhavapatthanāya assādayato</span>ti bhavapatthanāmukhena bhāvitaṃ ārammaṇaṃ assādentassa. <span class="bld">Cīvara</span>nti nivāsanādi yaṃ kiñci cīvaraṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭisevatī</span>ti nivāsanādivasena paribhuñjati. <span class="bld">Yāvadevā</span>ti payojanaparimāṇaniyamanaṃ. Sītapaṭighātādiyeva hi yogino cīvarapaṭisevane payojanaṃ. <span class="bld">Sītassā</span>ti dhātukkhobhato vā utupariṇāmato vā uppannasītassa. <span class="bld">Paṭighātāyā</span>ti paṭibāhanatthaṃ tappaccayassa vikārassa vinodanatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Uṇhassā</span>ti aggisantāpato uppannassa uṇhassa. <span class="bld">Ḍaṃsā</span>dayo pākaṭāyeva. Puna <span class="bld">yāvadevā</span>ti niyatapayojanaparimāṇaniyamanaṃ. Niyatañhi payojanaṃ cīvarapaṭisevanassa hirikopīnapaṭicchādanaṃ, itaraṃ kadāci kadāci<a name="M1.0168"></a>. <span class="bld">Hirikopīna</span>nti sambādhaṭṭhānaṃ<a name="V1.0150"></a>. Yasmiñhi aṅge vivaṭe hirīkuppati vinassati, taṃ hiriyā kopanato hirikopīnaṃ, tassa paṭicchādanatthaṃ cīvaraṃ paṭisevati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Piṇḍapāta</span>nti yaṃ kiñci āhāraṃ. So hi piṇḍolyena bhikkhanāya patte patanato tattha tattha laddhabhikkhāpiṇḍānaṃ pāto sannipātoti ‘‘piṇḍapāto’’ti vuccati. <span class="bld">Neva davāyā</span>ti na kīḷanāya. <span class="bld">Na madāyā</span>ti na balamadamānamadapurisamadatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Na maṇḍanāyā</span>ti na aṅgapaccaṅgānaṃ pīṇanabhāvatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Na vibhūsanāyā</span>ti na tesaṃyeva sobhanatthaṃ, chavisampatiatthanti attho. Imāni ca padāni yathākkamaṃ moha-dosa-saṇṭhāna-vaṇṇa-rāgūpanissaya-pahānatthāni veditabbāni. Purimaṃ vā dvayaṃ attano attano saṃkilesuppattinisedhanatthaṃ, itaraṃ parassapi. Cattāripi kāmasukhallikānuyogassa pahānatthaṃ vuttānīti veditabbāni. <span class="bld">Kāyassā</span>ti rūpakāyassa. <span class="bld">Ṭhitiyā yāpanāyā</span>ti pabandhaṭṭhitatthañceva pavattiyā avicchedanatthañca cirakālaṭṭhitatthaṃ jīvitindriyassa pavattāpanatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Vihiṃsūparatiyā</span>ti jighacchādukkhassa uparamaṇatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Brahmacariyānuggahāyā</span>ti sāsanamaggabrahmacariyānaṃ anuggahatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Itī</span>ti evaṃ iminā upāyena. <span class="bld">Purāṇañca vedanaṃ paṭihaṅkhāmī</span>ti purāṇaṃ abhuttapaccayā uppajjanakavedanaṃ paṭihanissāmi. <span class="bld">Navañca vedanaṃ na uppādessāmī</span>ti navaṃ bhuttapaccayā uppajjanakavedanaṃ na uppādessāmīti. Tassā hi anuppannāya anuppajjanatthameva āhāraṃ paribhuñjati. Ettha ca abhuttapaccayā uppajjanakavedanā nāma yathāpavattā jighacchānimittā vedanā. Sā hi abhuñjantassa bhiyyo bhiyyo pavaḍḍhanavasena uppajjati, bhuttapaccayā uppajjanakavedanāpi khudānimittāva aṅgadāhasūlādivedanā appavattā. Sā hi bhuttapaccayā anuppannāva na uppajjissatīti. Vihiṃsānimittatā cetāsaṃ vihiṃsāya viseso.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yātrā ca me bhavissatī</span>ti yāpanā ca me catunnaṃ iriyāpathānaṃ bhavissati. <span class="bld">Yāpanāyā</span>ti iminā jīvitindriyayāpanā vuttā, idha catunnaṃ iriyāpathānaṃ avicchedasaṅkhātā yāpanāti ayametāsaṃ viseso. <span class="bld">Anavajjatā ca phāsuvihāro cā</span>ti ayuttapariyesanapaṭiggahaṇaparibhogaparivajjanena anavajjatā, parimitaparibhogena phāsuvihāro. Asappāyāparimitabhojanapaccayā aratitandīvijambhitāviññugarahādidosābhāvena vā anavajjatā, sappāyaparimitabhojanapaccayā kāyabalasambhavena <a name="M1.0169"></a> phāsuvihāro. Yāvadatthaudarāvadehakabhojanaparivajjanena seyyasukhapassasukhamiddhasukhādīnaṃ abhāvato anavajjatā, catupañcālopamattaññīnabhojanena catuiriyāpathayogyatāpādanato phāsuvihāro. Vuttañhetaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Cattāro <a name="V1.0151"></a> pañca ālope, abhutvā udakaṃ pive;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Alaṃ phāsuvihārāya, pahitattassa bhikkhuno’’ti. (theragā. 983);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettāvatā payojanapariggaho, majjhimā ca paṭipadā dīpitā hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Senāsana</span>nti sayanañca āsanañca. Yattha hi vihārādike seti nipajjati, āsati nisīdati, taṃ senāsanaṃ. <span class="bld">Utuparissayavinodanapaṭisallānārāmattha</span>nti utuyeva parisahanaṭṭhena parissayo, sarīrābādhacittavikkhepakaro, atha vā yathāvutto utu ca sīhabyagghādipākaṭaparissayo ca rāgadosādipaṭicchannaparissayo ca utuparissayo, tassa vinodanatthañceva ekībhāvasukhatthañca. Idañca cīvarapaṭisevane hirikopīnapaṭicchādanaṃ viya tassa niyatapayojananti puna <span class="bld">‘‘yāvadevā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gilānapaccayabhesajjaparikkhāra</span>nti rogassa paccanīkappavattiyā gilānapaccayo, tato eva bhisakkassa anuññātavatthutāya bhesajjaṃ, jīvitassa parivārasambhārabhāvehi parikkhāro cāti <span class="bld">gilānapaccayabhesajjaparikkhāro,</span> taṃ. <span class="bld">Uppannāna</span>nti jātānaṃ nibbattānaṃ. <span class="bld">Veyyābādhikāna</span>nti byābādhato dhātukkhobhato ca tannibbattarogato ca jātānaṃ. <span class="bld">Vedanāna</span>nti dukkhavedanānaṃ. <span class="bld">Abyābajjhaparamatāyā</span>ti niddukkhaparamabhāvāya paṭisevāmīti yojanā. Evamettha saṅkhepeneva pāḷivaṇṇanā veditabbā. <span class="bld">Navavedanuppādanatopī</span>ti na kevalaṃ āyatiṃ eva vipākapariḷāhā, atha kho atibhojanapaccayā alaṃsāṭakādīnaṃ viya navavedanuppādanatopi veditabbāti attho.</p>
<p class="centered">Paṭisevanāpahātabbaāsavavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Adhivāsanāpahātabbaāsavavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para24"></a><a name="para24_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">24</span>. <span class="bld">Khamo</span>ti <a name="M1.0170"></a> khamanako. Kammaṭṭhānikassa calanaṃ nāma kammaṭṭhānapariccāgoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘calati kampati kammaṭṭhānaṃ vijahatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Adhimattampi uṇhaṃ sahati,</span> sahanto ca na naggasamaṇādayo viya sahati, atha kho kammaṭṭhānāvijahanenāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sveva thero viyā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Bahicaṅkame</span>ti leṇato bahi caṅkame. <span class="bld">Uṇhabhayenevā</span>ti narakaggiuṇhabhayeneva. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘avīcimahānirayaṃ paccavekkhitvā’’</span>ti, tampi ‘‘mayā anekakkhattuṃ anubhūtaṃ, idaṃ pana tato mudutara’’nti <a name="V1.0152"></a> evaṃ paccavekkhitvā. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti etasmiṃ ṭhāne. <span class="bld">Aggisantāpova veditabbo</span> sūriyasantāpassa parato vuccamānattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Parisuddhasīlohamasmī</span>ti sabbathāpi ‘‘visuddhasīlohamasmī’’ti maraṇaṃ aggahetvā avippaṭisāramūlikaṃ pītiṃ uppādesi. <span class="bld">Saha pītuppādā</span>ti pharaṇapītiyā uppādena saheva. <span class="bld">Visaṃ nivattitvā</span>ti pītivegena ajjhotthataṃ daṭṭhamukheneva bhassitvā. <span class="bld">Tatthevā</span>ti sappena daṭṭhaṭṭhāneyeva. <span class="bld">Cittekaggataṃ labhitvā</span>ti ‘‘pītimanassa kāyo passambhatī’’tiādinā (dī. ni. 1.466; 3.359; saṃ. ni. 5.376; a. ni. 3.96; 11.12) nayena samādhānaṃ pāpuṇitvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paccayesu santoso bhāvanāya ca āramitabbaṭṭhānatāya ārāmo assāti paccayasantosabhāvanārāmo, tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">paccaya…pe… rāmatā,</span> tāya. <span class="bld">Mahāthero</span>ti vuḍḍhataro thero. Vacanameva tadatthaṃ ñāpetukāmānaṃ pathoti <span class="bld">vacanapatho</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Asukhaṭṭhena vā <span class="bld">tibbā</span>. Yañhi na sukhaṃ, taṃ aniṭṭhaṃ ‘‘tibba’’nti vuccati. <span class="bld">Evaṃsabhāvo</span>ti ‘‘adhivāsanajātiyo’’ti padassa atthamāha. <span class="bld">Muhuttena</span> khaṇeva vāte hadayaṃ phāletuṃ āraddheyeva. <span class="bld">Anāgāmī hutvā parinibbāyī</span>ti arahattaṃ patvā parinibbāyi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evaṃ sabbatthā</span>ti ‘‘uṇhena phuṭṭhassa sītaṃ patthayato’’tiādinā sabbattha uṇhādinimittaṃ kāmāsavuppatti veditabbā, sītaṃ vā uṇhaṃ vā aniṭṭhanti adhippāyo. Attaggāhe sati attaniyaggāhoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘mayhaṃ sītaṃ uṇhanti gāho diṭṭhāsavo’’</span>ti. Sītādike upagate sahantī khamantī te attano upari vāsentī viya hotīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘āropetvā vāsetiyevā’’</span>ti<a name="M1.0171"></a>. <span class="bld">Na nirassatī</span>ti na vidhunati. Yo hi sītādike na sahati, so te nirassanto vidhunanto viya hotīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Adhivāsanāpahātabbaāsavavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Parivajjanāpahātabbaāsavavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para25"></a><a name="para25_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">25</span>. <span class="bld">Ahaṃ</span> <a name="V1.0153"></a> <span class="bld">samaṇo</span>ti (a. ni. ṭī. 3.6.58) ‘‘ahaṃ samaṇo, kiṃ mama jīvitena vā maraṇena vā’’ti evaṃ acintetvāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Paccavekkhitvā</span>ti gāmappadesaṃ payojanādiñca paccavekkhitvā. <span class="bld">Paṭikkamatī</span>ti hatthiādīnaṃ samīpagamanato apakkamati. Kaṇṭakā yattha tiṭṭhanti, taṃ <span class="bld">kaṇṭakaṭṭhānaṃ</span>. <span class="bld">Amanussaduṭṭhānī</span>ti amanussasañcārena dūsitāni, saparissayānīti attho. <span class="bld">Samāna</span>nti samaṃ, avisamanti attho. <span class="bld">Akāsi vā</span> tādisaṃ anācāraṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sīlasaṃvarasaṅkhātenā</span>ti ‘‘kathaṃ parivajjanaṃ sīla’’nti yadettha vattabbaṃ, taṃ heṭṭhā vuttameva. Apica ‘‘caṇḍaṃ hatthiṃ parivajjetī’’ti vacanato hatthiādiparivajjanampi bhagavato vacanānuṭṭhānanti katvā ācārasīlamevāti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Parivajjanāpahātabbaāsavavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Vinodanāpahātabbaāsavavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para26"></a><a name="para26_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">26</span>. <span class="bld">Itipī</span>ti iminā kāraṇena, ayonisomanasikārasamuṭṭhitattāpi lobhādisahagatattāpi kusalapaṭipakkhatopītiādīhi kāraṇehi ayaṃ vitakko akusaloti attho. Iminā nayena <span class="bld">sāvajjo</span>tiādīsupi attho veditabbo. Ettha ca <span class="bld">akusalo</span>tiādinā diṭṭhadhammikaṃ kāmavitakkassa ādīnavaṃ dasseti, <span class="bld">dukkhavipāko</span>ti iminā samparāyikaṃ. <span class="bld">Attabyābādhāya saṃvattatī</span>tiādīsupi imināva nayena ādīnavavibhāvanā veditabbā. Uppannassa kāmavitakkassa anadhivāsanaṃ nāma puna tādisassa anuppādanaṃ, taṃ panassa pahānaṃ vinodanaṃ byantikaraṇaṃ anabhāvagamananti <a name="M1.0172"></a> ca vattuṃ vaṭṭatīti pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘uppannaṃ kāmavitakkaṃ nādhivāsetī’’ti vatvā ‘‘pajahatī’’tiādi vuttanti tamatthaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘anadhivāsento kiṃ karotīti pajahatī’’</span>tiādimāha. Pahānañcettha vikkhambhanameva, na samucchedoti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vinodetī’’</span>tiādi vuttanti vikkhambhanavaseneva attho dassito.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāmavitakko</span>ti sampayogato ārammaṇato ca kāmasahagato vitakko. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kāmapaṭisaṃyutto</span> <a name="V1.0154"></a> <span class="bld">takko’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Kāmapaṭisaṃyutto</span>ti hi kāmarāgasaṅkhātena kāmena sampayutto vatthukāmasaṅkhātena paṭibaddho ca. <span class="bld">Uppannuppanne</span>ti tesaṃ pāpavitakkānaṃ uppādāvatthāgahaṇaṃ vā kataṃ siyā anavasesaggahaṇaṃ vā. Tesu paṭhamaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘upannamatte’’</span>ti, sampatijāteti attho. Anavasesaggahaṇaṃ byāpanicchāya hotīti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘satakkhattumpi uppanne’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ñātivitakko</span>ti ‘‘amhākaṃ ñātayo sukhajīvino sampattiyuttā’’tiādinā gehassitapemavasena ñātake ārabbha uppannavitakko. <span class="bld">Janapadavitakko</span>ti ‘‘amhākaṃ janapado subhikkho sampannasasso ramaṇīyo’’tiādinā gehassitapemavaseneva janapadaṃ ārabbha uppannavitakko. Ukkuṭikappadhānādīhi dukkhe nijjiṇṇe samparāye attā sukhī hoti amaroti dukkarakārikāya paṭisaṃyutto amaratthāya vitakko, taṃ vā ārabbha amarāvikkhepadiṭṭhisahagato amaro ca so vitakko cāti <span class="bld">amaravitakko. Parānuddayatāpaṭisaṃyutto</span>ti paresu upaṭṭhākādīsu sahanandikādivasena pavatto anuddayatāpatirūpako gehassitapemena paṭisaṃyutto vitakko. <span class="bld">Lābhasakkārasilokapaṭisaṃyutto</span>ti cīvarādilābhena ceva sakkārena ca kittisaddena ca ārammaṇakaraṇavasena paṭisaṃyutto. <span class="bld">Anavaññattipaṭisaṃyutto</span>ti ‘‘aho vata maṃ pare na avajāneyyuṃ, na heṭṭhā katvā maññeyyuṃ, pāsāṇacchattaṃ viya garuṃ kareyyu’’nti uppannavitakko.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāmavitakko kāmasaṅkappanasabhāvattā kāmasaṅkappapavattiyā sātisayattā ca kāmanākāroti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kāmavitakko panettha kāmāsavo’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tabbiseso</span>ti kāmāsavaviseso, rāgasahavuttīti adhippāyo. Kāmavitakkādike vinodeti attano santānato <a name="M1.0173"></a> nīharati etenāti <span class="bld">vinodanaṃ,</span> vīriyanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vīriyasaṃvarasaṅkhātena vinodanenā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="centered">Vinodanāpahātabbaāsavavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Bhāvanāpahātabbaāsavavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para27"></a><a name="para27_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">27</span>. ‘‘Satta bojjhaṅgā bhāvitā bahulīkatā vijjāvimuttiyo paripūrentī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.187) vacanato vijjāvimuttīnaṃ anadhigamo tato ca sakalavaṭṭadukkhānativatti <span class="bld">abhāvanāya ādīnavo,</span> vuttavipariyāyena bhagavato orasaputtabhāvādivasena ca <span class="bld">bhāvanāya ānisaṃso</span> veditabbo. <span class="bld">Uparimaggattayasamayasambhūtā</span>ti dutiyādimaggakkhaṇe jātā, bhāvanādhikārato dutiyamaggādipariyāpannāti attho. Nanu ca te lokuttarā eva, kasmā visesanaṃ <a name="V1.0155"></a> katanti? Nayidaṃ visesanaṃ, visesitabbaṃ panetaṃ, lokuttarabojjhaṅgā eva adhippetā, te ca kho uparimaggattayasamayasambhūtāti. <span class="bld">Bojjhaṅgesu asammohattha</span>nti vipassanājhānamaggaphalabojjhaṅgesu sammohābhāvatthaṃ. Missakanayena hi bojjhaṅgesu vuccamānesu tadaṅgādivivekadassanavasena vipassanābojjhaṅgādayo vibhajitvā vuccanti, na nibbattitalokuttarabojjhaṅgā evāti bojjhaṅgesu sammoho na hoti bojjhaṅgabhāvanāpaṭipattiyā ca sammadeva pakāsitattā. <span class="bld">Idha panā</span>ti imasmiṃ sutte, imasmiṃ vā adhikāre. <span class="bld">Lokuttaranayo eva gahetabbo</span> bhāvanāmaggassa adhikatattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ādipadāna</span>nti (a. ni. ṭī. 1.1.418) ‘‘satisambojjhaṅga’’nti evamādīnaṃ tasmiṃ tasmiṃ vākye ādibhūtānaṃ padānaṃ. <span class="bld">Atthato</span>ti visesavasena sāmaññavasena ca padatthato. <span class="bld">Lakkhaṇādīhī</span>ti lakkhaṇarasapaccupaṭṭhānato. <span class="bld">Kamato</span>ti anupubbito. <span class="bld">Anūnādhikato</span>ti tāvattakato. <span class="bld">Vibhāvinā</span>ti viññunā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Satisambojjhaṅge</span>ti satisambojjhaṅgapade. <span class="bld">Saraṇaṭṭhenā</span>ti anussaraṇaṭṭhena. Cirakatādibhedaṃ ārammaṇaṃ upagantvā ṭhānaṃ, anissajjanaṃ vā <span class="bld">upaṭṭhānaṃ</span>. Udake alābu viya pilavitvā gantuṃ adatvā pāsāṇassa viya niccalassa ārammaṇassa ṭhapanaṃ sāraṇaṃ asammuṭṭhatākaraṇaṃ <span class="bld">apilāpanaṃ. Vuttampi <a name="M1.0174"></a> hetaṃ</span> milindapañhe. <span class="bld">Bhaṇḍāgāriko</span>ti bhaṇḍagopako. Apilāpe karoti <span class="bld">apilāpeti. Therenā</span>ti nāgasenattherena. Sammosapaccanīkaṃ kiccaṃ <span class="bld">asammoso,</span> na sammosābhāvamattaṃ. <span class="bld">Gocarābhimukhabhāvapaccupaṭṭhānā</span>ti kāyādiārammaṇābhimukhabhāvapaccupaṭṭhānā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bodhiyā</span> dhammasāmaggiyā, <span class="bld">aṅgo</span> avayavo, <span class="bld">bodhissa vā</span> ariyasāvakassa <span class="bld">aṅgo</span> kāraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Patiṭṭhānāyūhanā</span> oghataraṇasuttavaṇṇanāyaṃ (saṃ. ni. aṭṭha. 1.1.1) –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Kilesavasena patiṭṭhānaṃ, abhisaṅkhāravasena āyūhanā. Taṇhādiṭṭhīhi patiṭṭhānaṃ, avasesakilesābhisaṅkhārehi āyūhanā. Taṇhāvasena patiṭṭhānaṃ, diṭṭhivasena āyūhanā. Sassatadiṭṭhiyā patiṭṭhānaṃ, ucchedadiṭṭhiyā āyūhanā. Līnavasena patiṭṭhānaṃ, uddhaccavasena āyūhanā. Kāmasukhānuyogavasena patiṭṭhānaṃ, attakilamathānuyogavasena āyūhanā. Sabbākusalābhisaṅkhāravasena patiṭṭhānaṃ, sabbalokiyakusalābhisaṅkhāravasena āyūhanā’’ti –</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vuttesu pakāresu idha avuttānaṃ vasena veditabbā. Yā hi ayaṃ bodhīti vuccatīti yojetabbaṃ<a name="V1.0156"></a>. ‘‘Bujjhatī’’ti padassa paṭibujjhatīti atthoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kilesasantānaniddāya uṭṭhahatī’’</span>ti. Taṃ pana paṭibujjhanaṃ atthato catunnaṃ saccānaṃ paṭivedho, nibbānasseva vā sacchikiriyāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘cattārī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Jhānaṅgamaggaṅgādayo viyā</span>ti yathā aṅgāni eva jhānamaggā, na aṅgavinimuttā, evamidhāpīti attho. <span class="bld">Senaṅgarathaṅgādayo viyā</span>ti etena puggalapaññattiyā avijjamānapaññattibhāvaṃ dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bodhāya saṃvattantīti bojjhaṅgā</span>ti idaṃ kāraṇattho aṅga-saddoti katvā vuttaṃ. Bujjhantīti bodhiyo, bodhiyo eva aṅgāti bojjhaṅgāti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘bujjhantīti bojjhaṅgā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Anubujjhantī</span>ti vipassanādīnaṃ kāraṇānaṃ bujjhitabbānañca saccānaṃ anurūpaṃ bujjhanti. <span class="bld">Paṭibujjhantī</span>ti kilesaniddāya uṭṭhahanato paccakkhabhāvena vā paṭimukhaṃ bujjhanti. <span class="bld">Sambujjhantī</span>ti aviparītabhāvena sammā ca bujjhanti. Evaṃ upasaggānaṃ atthavisesadīpanatā daṭṭhabbā. Bodhi-saddo hi sabbavisesayuttaṃ bujjhanaṃ sāmaññena gahetvā ṭhito.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vicinātī</span>ti <a name="M1.0175"></a> ‘‘tayidaṃ dukkha’’ntiādinā vīmaṃsati. <span class="bld">Obhāsanaṃ</span> dhammānaṃ yathābhūtasabhāvapaṭicchādakassa sammohassa viddhaṃsanaṃ yathā āloko andhakārassa. Yasmiṃ dhamme sati vīro nāma hoti, so dhammo <span class="bld">vīrabhāvo. Īrayitabbato</span>ti pavattetabbato. Kosajjapakkhato patituṃ appadānavasena sampayuttānaṃ paggaṇhanaṃ <span class="bld">paggaho</span>. <span class="bld">Upatthambhanaṃ</span> anubalappadānaṃ. Osīdanaṃ layāpatti, tappaṭipakkhato <span class="bld">anosīdanaṃ</span> daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Pīṇayatī</span>ti tappeti vaḍḍheti vā. <span class="bld">Pharaṇaṃ</span> paṇītarūpehi kāyassa byāpanaṃ. <span class="bld">Tuṭṭhi</span> nāma pīti. Udaggabhāvo <span class="bld">odagyaṃ,</span> kāyacittānaṃ ukkhipananti attho. <span class="bld">Kāyacittadarathapassambhanato</span>ti kāyadarathassa cittadarathassa ca passambhanato vūpasamanato. <span class="bld">Kāyoti</span> cettha vedanādayo tayo khandhā. <span class="bld">Daratho</span> sārambho, dukkhadomanassapaccayānaṃ uddhaccādikilesānaṃ, tappadhānānaṃ vā catunnaṃ khandhānaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Uddhaccādikilesapaṭipakkhabhāvo daṭṭhabbo, evañcettha passaddhiyā <span class="bld">aparipphandanasītibhāvo</span> daṭṭhabbo asāraddhabhāvato. Tenāha bhagavā ‘‘passaddho kāyo asāraddho’’ti (ma. ni. 1.52).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samādhānato</span>ti sammā cittassa ādhānato ṭhapanato. <span class="bld">Avikkhepo</span> sampayuttānaṃ avikkhittatā, yena sasampayuttā dhammā avikkhittā honti, so dhammo avikkhepoti. <span class="bld">Avisāro</span> attano eva avisaraṇasabhāvo. <span class="bld">Sampiṇḍanaṃ</span> sampayuttānaṃ avippakiṇṇabhāvāpādanaṃ nhānīyacuṇṇānaṃ udakaṃ viya. <span class="bld">Cittaṭṭhitipaccupaṭṭhāno</span>ti ‘‘cittassa ṭhitī’’ti (dha. sa. 11) vacanato cittassa pabandhaṭhitipaccupaṭṭhāno. <span class="bld">Ajjhupekkhanato</span>ti udāsīnabhāvato. <span class="bld">Sā</span>ti bojjhaṅgaupekkhā<a name="V1.0157"></a>. Samappavatte dhamme paṭisañcikkhati upapattito ikkhati tadākārā hutvā pavattatīti <span class="bld">paṭisaṅkhānalakkhaṇā,</span> evañca katvā ‘‘paṭisaṅkhā santiṭṭhanā gahaṇe majjhattatā’’ti upekkhākiccādhimattatāya saṅkhārupekkhā vuttā. Sampayuttadhammānaṃ yathāsakakiccakaraṇavasena samaṃ pavattanapaccayatā <span class="bld">samavāhitā</span>. Alīnānuddhatappavattipaccayatā <span class="bld">ūnādhikatānivāraṇaṃ</span>. Sampayuttānaṃ asamappavattihetukapakkhapātaṃ upacchindantī viya hotīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pakkhapātupacchedarasā’’</span>ti. Ajjhupekkhanameva <span class="bld">majjhattabhāvo</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sabbasmiṃ līnapakkhe uddhaccapakkhe ca atthikā patthanīyā icchitabbāti sabbatthikā, taṃ <span class="bld">sabbatthikaṃ</span>. Samānakkhaṇapavattīsu sattasupi sambojjhaṅgesu vācāya <a name="M1.0176"></a> kamappavattito paṭipāṭiyā vattabbesu yaṃ kiñci paṭhamaṃ avatvā satisambojjhaṅgasseva paṭhamaṃ vacanassa kāraṇaṃ sabbesaṃ upakārakattanti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sabbesa’’</span>ntiādi. <span class="bld">Sabbesa</span>nti ca līnuddhaccapakkhikānaṃ, aññathā sabbepi sabbesaṃ paccayāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Kasmā satteva bojjhaṅgā vuttā’’</span>ti codako saddhālobhādīnampi bojjhaṅgabhāvaṃ āsaṅkati, itaro satiādīnaṃyeva bhāvanāya upakārataṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘līnuddhaccapaṭipakkhato sabbatthikato cā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">līnassā</span>ti atisithilavīriyatādīhi bhāvanāvīthiṃ anotaritvā saṃkuṭitassa cittassa. Tadā hi passaddhisamādhiupekkhāsambojjhaṅgā na bhāvetabbā. Tañhi etehi allatiṇādīhi viya paritto aggi dussamuṭṭhāpiyaṃ hotīti. Tenāha bhagavā ‘‘seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, puriso parittaṃ aggiṃ ujjāletukāmo assa, so tattha allāni ceva tiṇāni pakkhipeyyā’’tiādi (saṃ. ni. 5.234). Dhammavicayavīriyapītisambojjhaṅgā pana bhāvetabbā, sukkhatiṇādīhi viya paritto aggi līnaṃ cittaṃ etehi susamuṭṭhāpiyaṃ hotīti. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yasmiñca kho’’</span>tiādi. Tattha yathāsakaṃ āhāravasena dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgādīnaṃ bhāvanā veditabbā. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘atthi, bhikkhave, kusalākusalā dhammā…pe… pītisambojjhaṅgassa bhiyyobhāvāya…pe… saṃvattatī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.232). Tattha sabhāvasāmaññalakkhaṇapaṭivedhavasena pavattamanasikāro…pe… dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgādayo bhāveti nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uddhaccassā</span>ti cittassa accāraddhavīriyatādīhi sītibhāvapatiṭṭhitabhāvaṃ anotiṇṇatāya, tadā dhammavicayavīriyapītisambojjhaṅgā na bhāvetabbā. Tañhi etehi sukkhatiṇādīhi viya aggikkhandho duvūpasamayaṃ hoti. Tenāha bhagavā ‘‘seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, puriso mahantaṃ aggikkhandhaṃ <a name="V1.0158"></a> nibbāpetukāmo assa, so tattha sukkhāni ceva tiṇāni pakkhipeyyā’’tiādi (saṃ. ni. 5.234). Passaddhisamādhiupekkhāsambojjhaṅgā pana bhāvetabbā, allatiṇādīhi viya aggikkhandho uddhataṃ cittaṃ etehi suvūpasamayaṃ hoti. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yasmiñca kho’’</span>tiādi. Etthāpi yathāsakaṃ āhāravasena passaddhisambojjhaṅgādīnaṃ bhāvanā veditabbā. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘atthi, bhikkhave, kāyapassaddhi <a name="M1.0177"></a> cittapassaddhi…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgassa bhiyyobhāvāya saṃvattatī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.232). Tattha yathāssa passaddhiādayo uppannapubbā, taṃ ākāraṃ sallakkhetvā tesaṃ uppādanavasena tathā manasikarontova passaddhisambojjhaṅgādayo bhāveti nāma. Satisambojjhaṅgo pana sabbattha bahūpakāro. So hi cittaṃ līnapakkhikānaṃ passaddhiādīnaṃ vasena layāpattito, uddhaccapakkhikānañca dhammavicayādīnaṃ vasena uddhaccapātato rakkhati, tasmā so loṇadhūpanaṃ viya sabbabyañjanesu sabbakammikaamacco viya ca rājakiccesu sabbattha icchitabbo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘satiñca khvāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sabbatthikaṃ vadāmī’’</span>ti (saṃ. ni. 5.234).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ñatvā ñātabbāti (saṃ. ni. ṭī. 1.1.129) sambandho. <span class="bld">Vaḍḍhi</span> nāma vepullaṃ bhiyyobhāvo punappunaṃ uppādo evāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘punappunaṃ janetī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Abhi</span>vuddhiṃ pāpento <span class="bld">nibbatteti. Vivittatā</span>ti vivittabhāvo. Yo hi vivecanīyato viviccati, yaṃ viviccitvā ṭhitaṃ, tadubhayaṃ idha vivittabhāvasāmaññena ‘‘vivittatā’’ti vuttaṃ. Tesu purimo vivecanīyato viviccamānatāya vivekasaṅkhātāya viviccanakiriyāya samaṅgī dhammasamūho tāya eva viviccanakiriyāya vasena vivekoti gahito. Itaro sabbaso tato tato vivittasabhāvatāya. Tattha yasmiṃ dhammapuñje satisambojjhaṅgo viviccanakiriyāya pavattati, taṃ yathāvuttāya viviccamānatāya vivekasaṅkhātaṃ nissāyeva pavattati, itaraṃ pana tanninnatātadārammaṇatāhīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘viveke nissita’’</span>nti. Yathā vā vivekavasena pavattaṃ jhānaṃ ‘‘vivekaja’’nti vuttaṃ, evaṃ vivekavasena pavatto bojjhaṅgo ‘‘vivekanissito’’ti daṭṭhabbo. Nissayaṭṭho ca vipassanāmaggānaṃ vasena maggaphalānaṃ veditabbo. Asatipi pubbāparabhāve ‘‘paṭiccasamuppādā’’ti ettha paccayānaṃ samuppādanaṃ viya abhinnadhammādhārā nissayanabhāvanā sambhavantīti. <span class="bld">Ayamevā</span>ti viveko eva. Viveko hi pahānavinayavirāganirodhā ca samānatthā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tadaṅgasamucchedanissaraṇavivekanissitataṃ vatvā paṭipassaddhivivekanissitatāya avacanaṃ ‘‘satisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāvetī’’tiādinā bhāvetabbānaṃ bojjhaṅgānaṃ idha vuttattā. Bhāvitabbojjhaṅgassa hi ye sacchikātabbā phalabojjhaṅgā, tesaṃ kiccaṃ paṭipassaddhiviveko. <span class="bld">Ajjhāsayato</span>ti <a name="V1.0159"></a> ‘‘nibbānaṃ sacchikarissāmī’’ti mahantaajjhāsayato. Yadipi vipassanākkhaṇe saṅkhārārammaṇaṃ <a name="M1.0178"></a> cittaṃ, saṅkhāresu pana ādīnavaṃ suṭṭhu disvā tappaṭipakkhe nibbāne adhimuttatāya ajjhāsayato nissaraṇavivekanissitatā dāhābhibhūtassa puggalassa sītaninnacitattā viya. <span class="bld">Na paṭisiddhā</span> vipassanāpādakesu kasiṇārammaṇādijhānesu satiādīnaṃ nibbedhabhāgiyattā. Anuddharantā pana vipassanā viya bodhiyā maggassa āsannakāraṇaṃ jhānaṃ na hoti, nāpi tathā ekantikaṃ kāraṇaṃ, na ca vipassanākiccassa viya jhānakiccassa niṭṭhānaṃ maggoti katvā na uddharanti. Ettha ca kasiṇaggahaṇena tadāyattāni āruppānipi gahitānīti daṭṭhabbāni. Tānipi hi vipassanāpādakāni nibbedhabhāgiyāni ca hontīti vattuṃ vaṭṭati tanninnabhāvasabbhāvato. Yadaggena hi nibbānaninnatā, tadaggena phalaninnatāpi siyā. ‘‘Kudāssu nāmāhaṃ tadāyatanaṃ upasampajja vihareyya’’nti (ma. ni. 1.465) ādivacanampetassa atthassa sādhakaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vossagga</span>-saddo pariccāgattho pakkhandanattho cāti vossaggassa duvidhatā vuttā. Vossajjanañhi pahānaṃ, vissaṭṭhabhāvena nirāsaṅkapavati ca, tasmā vipassanākkhaṇe tadaṅgavasena, maggakkhaṇe samucchedavasena paṭipakkhassa pahānaṃ vossaggo, tathā vipassanākkhaṇe tanninnabhāvena, maggakkhaṇe ārammaṇakaraṇena vissaṭṭhasabhāvato vossaggoti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Yathāvuttena pakārenā</span>ti tadaṅgasamucchedapakārena tanninnatadārammaṇakaraṇapakārena ca. Pubbe vossagga-padasseva atthassa vuttattā āha <span class="bld">‘‘sakalena vacanenā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Pariṇamantaṃ</span> vipassanākkhaṇe, <span class="bld">pariṇataṃ</span> maggakkhaṇe. Pariṇāmo nāma paripākoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘paripaccantaṃ paripakkañcā’’</span>ti. Paripāko ca āsevanalābhena āhitasāmatthiyassa kilesassa pariccajituṃ nibbānañca pakkhandituṃ tikkhavisadasabhāvo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ayañhī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Esa nayo</span>ti yvāyaṃ ‘‘tadaṅgavivekanissita’’ntiādinā satisambojjhaṅge vutto, sesesu dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgādīsupi esa nayoti evaṃ tattha netabbanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ ādikammikānaṃ bojjhaṅgesu asammohatthaṃ missakanayaṃ vatvā idāni nibbattitalokuttarabojjhaṅgavasena atthaṃ vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘idha panā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Idha panā</span>ti imasmiṃ sabbāsavasuttante. <span class="bld">Maggo eva vossaggavipariṇāmī</span> bhāvanāmaggassa idha adhippetattā. <span class="bld">Tañca kho</span>ti satisambojjhaṅgaṃ. <span class="bld">Samucchedato</span>ti samucchindanato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Diṭṭhāsavassa<a name="M1.0179"></a> paṭhamamaggavajjhattā <span class="bld">‘‘tayo āsavā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Tepi anapāyagamanīyā eva veditabbā <a name="V1.0160"></a> apāyagamanīyānaṃ dassaneneva pahīnattā. Satipi sambojjhaṅgānaṃ yebhuyyena maggabhāve tattha tattha sambojjhaṅgasabhāvānaṃ maggadhammānaṃ vasena vuttamaggattayasampayuttā bojjhaṅgāti paccekabojjhaṅge ‘‘bojjhaṅgabhāvanāyā’’ti iminā gaṇhanto <span class="bld">‘‘maggattayasampayuttāyā’’</span>ti āha.</p>
<p class="centered">Bhāvanāpahātabbaāsavavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para28"></a><a name="para28_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">28</span>. <span class="bld">Thomento</span>ti āsavappahānassa sudukkarattā tāya eva dukkarakiriyāya taṃ abhitthavanto. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti pahīnāsavabhikkhuno. <span class="bld">Ānisaṃsa</span>nti taṇhācchedādidukkhakkhayapariyosānaṃ udrayaṃ. <span class="bld">Etehi</span> pahānādisaṃkittanehi. <span class="bld">Ussukkaṃ janento</span>ti evaṃ dhammassāmināpi abhitthavanīyaṃ mahānisaṃsañca āsavappahānanti tattha ādarasahitaṃ ussāhaṃ uppādento. <span class="bld">Dassaneneva pahīnā</span>ti dassanena pahīnā eva. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘na appahīnesuyeva pahīnasaññī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabba</span>-saddena āsavānaṃ, āsavasaṃvarānañca sambandhavasena dutiyapaṭhamavikappānaṃ bhedo daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Dassanābhisamayā</span>ti pariññābhisamayā pariññākiccasiddhiyā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kiccavasenā’’</span>ti, asammohapaṭivedhenāti attho. <span class="bld">Samussayo</span> kāyo, attabhāvo vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Anavajjapītisomanassasahitaṃ cittaṃ ‘‘attano’’ti vattabbataṃ arahati atthāvahattā, na tabbiparītaṃ anatthāvahattāti pītisampayuttacittataṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘attamanāti sakamanā’’</span>ti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tuṭṭhamanā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Attamanā</span>ti vā pītisomanassehi gahitamanā. Yasmā pana tehi gahitatā sampayuttatāva, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pītisomanassehi vā sampayuttamanā’’</span>ti. Yadettha atthato na vibhattaṃ, taṃ vuttanayattā suviññeyyattā cāti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Sabbāsavasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.</p>
<p class="subhead">3. Dhammadāyādasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para29"></a><a name="para29_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">29</span>. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span> <a name="V1.0161"></a><a name="M1.0180"></a> <span class="bld">taṃ dassetvā</span>ti yasmā suttantavaṇṇanā suttanikkhepaṃ dassetvā vuccamānā pākaṭā hoti, yasmā cassa dhammadāyādasuttassa aṭṭhuppattiko nikkhepo, tasmā taṃ nikkhepaṃ dassetvā, kathetvāti attho. <span class="bld">Lābhasakkāre</span>ti (saṃ. ni. ṭī. 2.2.63) lābhasakkārasaṅkhātāya aṭṭhuppattiyāti keci, lābhasakkāre vā aṭṭhuppattiyāti apare. Yā hi lābhasakkāranimittaṃ tadā bhikkhūsu paccayabāhullikatā jātā, taṃ aṭṭhuppattiṃ katvā bhagavā imaṃ desesīti. <span class="bld">Yamakamahāmegho</span>ti heṭṭhāolambanaupariuggamanavasena satapaṭalo sahassapaṭalo yugaḷamahāmegho. <span class="bld">Tiṭṭhanti ceva</span> bhagavati katthaci nibaddhavāsaṃ vasante, cārikaṃ pana gacchante <span class="bld">anubandhanti ca</span>. Bhikkhūnampi yebhuyyena kappasatasahassaṃ tato bhiyyopi pūritadānapāramisañcayattā tadā mahālābhasakkāro uppajjīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ bhikkhusaṅghassapī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sakkato</span>ti sakkārappato. <span class="bld">Garukato</span>ti garukārappatto. <span class="bld">Mānito</span>ti bahumato manasā piyāyito ca. <span class="bld">Pūjito</span>ti mālādipūjāya ceva catupaccayābhipūjāya ca pūjito. <span class="bld">Apacito</span>ti apacāyanappatto. Yassa hi cattāro paccaye sakkatvāpi abhisaṅkhate paṇītapaṇīte upanenti, so sakkato. Yasmiṃ garubhāvaṃ paccupaṭṭhapetvā te denti, so garukato. Yaṃ manasā piyāyanti bahumaññanti ca, so bahumato. Yassa sabbametaṃ pūjāvasena karonti, so pūjito. Yassa abhivādanapaccuṭṭhānañjalikammādivasena paramanipaccakāraṃ karonti, so apacito. Bhagavati bhikkhusaṅghe ca loko evaṃ paṭipanno. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘tena kho pana…pe… parikkhārāna’’nti. <span class="bld">Lābhaggayasaggapatta</span>nti lābhassa ca yasassa ca aggaṃ ukkaṃsaṃ pattaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paccayā cīvarādayo garukātabbā etesanti <span class="bld">paccayagarukā,</span> āmisacakkhukāti attho. Paccayesu giddhā gadhitā paccayānaṃ bahulabhāvāya paṭipannāti <span class="bld">paccayabāhulikā</span>. <span class="bld">Bhagavatopi pākaṭā ahosi</span> pakaticārittavasenāti adhippāyo aññathā apākaṭasseva abhāvato. Dhammasabhāvacintāvasena pavattaṃ sahottappañāṇaṃ <span class="bld">dhammasaṃvego,</span> idha <a name="M1.0181"></a> pana so bhikkhūnaṃ lābhagarutādhammavasena <a name="V1.0162"></a> veditabbo. <span class="bld">Samaṇadhammavuttī</span>ti samaṇadhammakaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Sā</span>ti dhammadāyādadesanā. Paṭibimbadassanavasena sabbakāyassa dassanayoggo ādāsoti <span class="bld">sabbakāyikaādāso</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pitu-dāyaṃ, tena dātabbaṃ, tato laddhabbaṃ arahabhāvena ādiyantīti <span class="bld">dāyādā,</span> puttā. Tañca loke āmisameva, sāsane pana dhammopīti tattha yaṃ sāvajjaṃ aniyyānikañca, taṃ paṭikkhipitvā, yaṃ niyyānikaṃ anavajjañca, tattha bhikkhū niyojento bhagavā avoca <span class="bld">‘‘dhammadāyādā me, bhikkhave, bhavatha, mā āmisadāyādā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Dhammassa me dāyādā</span>ti mama dhammassa ogāhino, dhammabhāgabhāginoti attho. Tathā hi vakkhati ‘‘dhammakoṭṭhāsasseva sāmino’’ti (ma. ni. aṭṭha.1.29). <span class="bld">Nibbattitadhammo</span>ti asaṃkilesikānuttarādibhāvena dhammasāmaññato niddhāritadhammo. Pariyāyeti sabhāvato parivattetvā ñāpeti etenāti <span class="bld">pariyāyo,</span> leso, lesakāraṇaṃ vā. Tadabhāvato <span class="bld">nippariyāyadhammo</span> maggappattiyā apāyapatanādito accantameva vāraṇato. Itaro vuttavipariyāyato <span class="bld">pariyāyadhammo</span> accantaṃ apāyadukkhavaṭṭadukkhapātanato paramparāya vāraṇato. Yathā hi lokiyaṃ kusalaṃ dānasīlādi vivaṭṭaṃ uddissa nibbattitaṃ, ayaṃ taṃ asampādentampi taṃ sampāpakassa dhammassa nibbattakāraṇabhāvapariyāyena pariyāyadhammo nāma hoti, evaṃ taṃ vaṭṭaṃ uddissa nibbattitaṃ, yaṃ taṇhādīhi savisesaṃ āmasitabbato āmisanti loke pākaṭaṃ acchādanabhojanādi, tassa, taṃsadisassa ca phalavisesassa nimittabhāvapariyāyena pariyāyāmisanti vuccatīti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ panidaṃ…pe… idaṃ pariyāyāmisaṃ nāmā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Sakalameva hidaṃ, ānanda, brahmacariyassa yadidaṃ kalyāṇamittatā’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.2, 3) ādivacanato sāvakehi adhigatopi lokuttaradhammo satthuyevāti vattabbataṃ arahatīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘nippariyāyadhammopi bhagavatoyeva santako’’</span>ti. Sāvakānañhi dhammadiṭṭhipaccayassapi yonisomanasikārassa visesapaccayo paratoghoso ca tathāgatādhīnoti tehi paṭividdhopi dhammo dhammassāminoyevāti vattuṃ yuttaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘bhagavatā hī’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">anuppannassa maggassā</span>ti kassapassa bhagavato sāsanantaradhānato pabhuti yāva imasmā buddhuppādā asambodhavasena na uppannassa ariyamaggassa. <span class="bld">Uppādetā</span>ti nibbattetā. Taṃ panetaṃ maggassa <a name="M1.0182"></a> bhagavato nibbattanaṃ, na paccekabuddhānaṃ viya sasantāneyeva, atha kho parasantānepīti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘asañjātassa maggassa sañjanetā,</span> <span class="bld">anakkhātassa maggassa akkhātā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Tayidaṃ maggassa uppādanaṃ sañjānanañca atthato jānanaññeva asammohapaṭivedhabhāvatoti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘maggaññū maggavidū’’</span>ti. Akkhānaṃ panassa sukusalabhāvenāti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘maggakovido’’</span>ti. Satthārā <a name="V1.0163"></a> yathāgataṃ maggaṃ anugacchantīti <span class="bld">maggānugā</span> bhagavato eva taṃ maggaṃ suṭṭhu adhigamanato. Pacchā parato sammā anu anu āgatā paṭipannāti <span class="bld">pacchā samannāgatā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Jānaṃ jānātī</span>ti jānitabbameva abhiññeyyādibhedaṃ jānāti ekantahitapaṭipattito. <span class="bld">Passaṃ passatī</span>ti tathā passitabbameva passati. Atha vā <span class="bld">jānaṃ jānātī</span>ti sabbaññutaññāṇena jānitabbaṃ jānātiyeva. Na hi padesañāṇena jānitabbaṃ sabbaṃ ekantato jānāti. <span class="bld">Passaṃ passatī</span>ti dibbacakkhu paññācakkhu dhammacakkhu buddhacakkhu samantacakkhusaṅkhātehi pañcahi cakkhūhi passitabbaṃ passatiyeva. Atha vā <span class="bld">jānaṃ jānātī</span>ti yathā aññe savipallāsā kāmarūpapariññāvādino jānantāpi vipallāsavasena jānanti, na evaṃ bhagavā. Bhagavā pana pahīnavipallāsattā jānanto jānātiyeva, diṭṭhidassanassa ca abhāvā passanto passatiyevāti attho. <span class="bld">Cakkhubhūto</span>ti paññācakkhumayattā tassa ca pattattā sattesu ca taduppādanato dassanapariṇāyakaṭṭhena lokassa cakkhu viya bhūto. <span class="bld">Ñāṇabhūto</span>ti etassa ca evameva attho daṭṭhabbo. Dhammā bodhipakkhiyā, brahmā maggo, tehi uppannattā, tesaṃvā pattattā adhigatattā, lokassa ca taduppādanato <span class="bld">‘‘dhammabhūto,</span> <span class="bld">brahmabhūto’’</span>ti ca veditabbo. <span class="bld">Vattā</span>ti catusaccadhammaṃ vadatīti vattā. Ciraṃ saccappaṭivedhaṃ pavattento vadatīti <span class="bld">pavattā</span>. <span class="bld">Atthassa ninnetā</span>ti dhammatāsaṅkhātaṃ paramatthaṃ nibbānañca niddhāretvā dassetā, pāpayitā vā. <span class="bld">Amatassa dātā</span>ti amataṃ sacchikiriyaṃ sattesu uppādento amataṃ dadātīti amatassa dātā. Bodhipakkhiyadhammānaṃ tadāyattabhāvato <span class="bld">dhammassāmī</span>.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yā ca nibbānasampatti, sabbametena labbhati;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sukho vipāko puññānaṃ, adhippāyo samijjhati. (peṭako. 23);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nibbānapaṭisaṃyutto, sabbasampattidāyako’’ti –</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evamādiṃ <a name="M1.0183"></a> bhagavato vacanaṃ sutvā eva bhikkhū dānādipuññānaṃ vivaṭṭasannissayataṃ jānanti, na aññathāti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pariyāyadhammopi…pe… paṭilabhatī’’</span>ti. ‘‘Edisaṃ paribhuñcitabba’’nti kappiyassa ca cīvarādipaccayassa bhagavato vacanena vinā paṭiggahopi bhikkhūnaṃ na sambhavati, kuto paribhogoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘nippariyāyāmisampī’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pariyāyāmisassa bhagavato santakabhāvo pariyāyadhammassa tabbhāveneva dīpito. Tadeva sāmibhāvaṃ <a name="V1.0164"></a> dassentoti sambandho. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti attādhīnapaṭilābhapaṭiggahatāya attano santakattā ca. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti tasmiṃ dhammāmise.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paccayā cīvarādayo paramā pāpuṇitabbabhāvena uttamamariyādā etassa na uttarimanussadhammā appicchatādayo cāti <span class="bld">paccayaparamo,</span> lābhagarūti attho. <span class="bld">Taṇhuppādesū</span>ti ‘‘cīvarahetu vā, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, piṇḍapātasenāsanaitibhavābhavahetu vā, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjatī’’ti (dī. ni. 3.311; a. ni. 4.9; itivu. 105) evaṃ vuttesu catūsu taṇhuppattikoṭṭhāsesu. Appicchatāsantuṭṭhisallekhapavivekādayo <span class="bld">appicchatādayo</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti tasmiṃ ovāde, tesu vā dhammapaṭiggāhakesu bhikkhūsu. Bhavissati vā yesaṃ tatthāti yojanā. Imasmiṃ pakkhe <span class="bld">tatthā</span>ti tasmiṃ ovāde icceva attho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Adhippāyo</span> āmisadāyādatāya uppajjanakaanatthānuppādassa dhammadāyādatāya uppajjanakaaṭṭhuppattiyā ca ākaṅkhā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘passatī’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">āmise upakkhalitāna</span>nti āmisahetu vippaṭipannānaṃ. <span class="bld">Atītakāle</span>ti kassapasammāsambuddhakāle. <span class="bld">Kapilassa bhikkhuno</span> vatthu kapilasuttena, <span class="bld">‘‘saṅghāṭipiādittā hotī’’</span>tiādinā lakkhaṇasuttena (saṃ. ni. 2.218) ca vibhāvetabbaṃ. Āmisagaruko appagghabhāvena kūṭakahāpaṇo viya nittejo samaṇatejena anujjalato nibbutaṅgāro viya nippabho ca hotīti yojanā. <span class="bld">Tato</span>ti paccayagarukabhāvato. <span class="bld">Vivattitacitto</span>ti vinivattitamānaso, sallekhavuttīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dhammadāyādā</span>ti <a name="M1.0184"></a> ettāvatā antogadhāvadhāraṇaṃ vacananti tena avadhāraṇena nivattitamatthaṃ vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘mā āmisadāyādā’’</span>ti paṭikkhepo dassito. Tatheva ca vibhāvetuṃ adhippāyānisaṃsavibhāvanesupi dassito, tathā ādīnavavibhāvanena dhammadāyādatāpaṭikkhepo. <span class="bld">Apadisitabbā</span>ti heṭṭhā katvā vattabbāti. <span class="bld">Ādiyā</span>ti ettha yasmā <span class="bld">ā</span>-kāro mariyādattho, tasmā dhammadāyādatāvidhurena āmisadāyādabhāvena hetubhūtena, karaṇabhūtena vā ādiyaṃ vivecanaṃ viññūhi visuṃ karaṇaṃ vavatthānassa hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘visuṃ kātabbā’’</span>ti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘viññūhi gārayhā bhaveyyāthāti vuttaṃ hotī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Atthi me tumhesu anukampā…pe… no āmisadāyādā’’ti bhikkhūsu attano karuṇāyanākittanaṃ <a name="V1.0165"></a> tesaṃ mudukaraṇaṃ, ‘‘ahampi tenā’’tiādi pana tatopi savisesaṃ mudukaraṇanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘atīva mudukaraṇattha’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nāḷakapaṭipadādayo</span> nāḷakasuttādīsu (su. ni. 684-728) āgatapaṭipattiyo. Tā pana yasmā nāḷakattherādīhi paṭipannā paramasallekhavuttibhūtā atiukkaṭṭhapaṭipattiyo, tasmā idha dhammadāyādapaṭipadāya udāharaṇabhāvena uddhaṭā. <span class="bld">Sakkhibhūtā</span>ti tāya paṭipattiyā vuccamānāya ‘‘kiṃ me vinā paṭipajjanako atthī’’ti asaddahantānaṃ paccakkhakaraṇena sakkhibhūtā. <span class="bld">Imasmi</span>nti ‘‘tumhe ca me bhikkhave dhammadāyādā’’tiādike vākye. <span class="bld">Sesa</span>nti ‘‘tumhe ca me’’tiādikaṃ sukkapakkhe āgataṃ pāḷipadaṃ. <span class="bld">Vuttanayapaccanīkenā</span>ti ‘‘tena dhammadāyādabhāvena no āmisadāyādabhāvenā’’ti evaṃ kaṇhapakkhe vuttanayassa paṭipakkhena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para30"></a><a name="para30_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">30</span>. <span class="bld">Thomanaṃ sutvā</span>ti paṭipajjanakassa puggalassa pasaṃsanaṃ sutvā yathā taṃ saparisassa āyasmato upasenassa paṭipattiyā sīlathomanaṃ sutvā. <span class="bld">Nipātapada</span>nti iminā idha-saddassa anatthakatamāha. <span class="bld">Pavārito</span>ti paṭikkhepito. Yo hi bhuñjanto bhojanena titto parivesakena upanītabhojanaṃ paṭikkhipati, so tena pavāritena paṭikkhepito nāma hoti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘pavāritoti…pe… vuttaṃ hotī’’</span>ti. Pakārehi diṭṭhādīhi vāreti saṅghādike yācāpeti bhatte <a name="M1.0185"></a> karoti etāyāti <span class="bld">pavāraṇā,</span> āpattivisodhanāya attavossaggo okāsadānaṃ. Sā pana yasmā yebhuyyena vassaṃvutthehi kātabbā vuttā, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘vassaṃvutthapavāraṇā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Pavāreti paccaye icchāpeti etāyāti <span class="bld">pavāraṇā,</span> cīvarādīhi upanimantanā. Pakārayuttā vāraṇāti <span class="bld">pavāraṇā,</span> vippakatabhojanatādicaturaṅgasahito bhojanapaṭikkhepo. Sā pana yasmā anatirittabhojananimittāya āpattiyā kāraṇaṃ hoti, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘anatirittapavāraṇā’’</span>ti vuttā. Yāvadatthabhojanassa pavāraṇā <span class="bld">yāvadatthapavāraṇā,</span> pariyositabhojanassa upanītāhārapaṭikkhepoti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Bhuttāvī’’ti vacanato bhojanapāripūritā idhādhippetāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘paripuṇṇoti bhojanena paripuṇṇo’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Pariyosito</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo ‘‘bhojanena bhojanakiriyāya pariyosito’’ti. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> pana adhippetatthaṃ pākaṭaṃ katvā dassetuṃ bhojana-saddassa lopo vutto. <span class="bld">Dhāto</span>ti titto. <span class="bld">Sādhakānī</span>ti ñāpakāni. Pariyositabhojanaṃ suhitayāvadatthatāgahaṇehi bhuttāvitādayo, bhuttāvitādiggahaṇehi vā itare bodhitā hontīti aññamaññaṃ nesaṃ ñāpakañāpetabbataṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yo hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Evaṃ chahipi padehi udarāvadehakaṃ bhojanaṃ dassitaṃ<a name="V1.0166"></a>, tañca kho parikappanāvasena. Na hi bhagavā evaṃ bhuñjati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbañcetaṃ parikappetvā vutta’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Siyā eva, nāpi siyā’’ti ca idaṃ atthadvayampi idha sambhavatīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘idha ubhayampi vaṭṭatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Athā</span>ti anantaraṃ, mama bhojanasamanantaramevāti attho. Taṃ pana yasmā yathāvuttakālapaccāmasanaṃ hoti, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘tamhi kāle’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Apparuḷhaharite</span>ti ruhamānatiṇādiharitarahite. Abhāvattho ca ayaṃ <span class="bld">appa</span>-saddo ‘‘appiccho’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.252, 336; saṃ. ni. 2.148) viya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kathitepī</span>ti <span class="bld">pi</span>-saddo avuttasamuccayattho. Tena vāpasamīkaraṇādiṃ saṅgaṇhāti. Tathā hesa <span class="bld">vutta</span>-saddo ‘‘no ca kho paṭivutta’’ntiādīsu (pārā. 289) vāpasamīkaraṇe dissati, ‘‘pannalomo paradattavutto’’tiādīsu (cūḷava. 332) jīvitavuttiyaṃ, ‘‘paṇḍupalāso bandhanā pavutto’’tiādīsu (pārā. 92; pāci. 666; mahāva. 129; ma. ni. 3.59) apagame, ‘‘gītaṃ pavuttaṃ <a name="M1.0186"></a> samihita’’ntiādīsu (dī. ni. 1.285) pāvacanabhāvena pavattite, loke pana ‘‘vuttaṃ parāyaṇa’’ntiādīsu (mahābhāsa 7.2.26) ajjhene dissatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Na ettha piṇḍapātabhojanena dhammadāyādatā nivāritā, piṇḍapātabhojanaṃ pana anādaritvā dhammānudhammapaṭipattīti ettha kāraṇaṃ dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘piṇḍapātaṃ…pe… vītināmeyyā’’</span>ti. Tattha <span class="bld">vītināmeyyā</span>ti kammaṭṭhānānuyogena khepeyya. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ādittasīsūpamaṃ paccavekkhitvā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ādittasīsūpama</span>ntiādittasīsūpamasuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kiñcāpī</span>ti ayaṃ ‘‘yadipī’’ti iminā samānattho nipāto. Nipāto ca nāma yattha yattha vākye payujjati, tena tena vattabbatthajotako hotīti idha ‘‘piṇḍapāta’’ntiādinā anuññāpasaṃsāvasena vuccamānassa atthassa jotakoti adhippāyena <span class="bld">‘‘anujānanapasaṃsanatthe nipāto’’</span>ti vuttaṃ, anuññāpasaṃsārambhe pana ‘‘asambhāvanatthe’’ti vuttaṃ siyā purimeyeva sambhāvanāvibhāvanato adhikattānulomato ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ekavāraṃ pavattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkhipanaṃ kathaṃ dīgharattaṃ appicchatādīnaṃ kāraṇaṃ hotīti codanaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘tassa hī’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">atricchatā</span>ti atra icchatīti atriccho, tassa bhāvo atricchatā, atthato paralābhapatthanā. Tathā hi vuttaṃ ‘‘purimeyeva sakalābhena asantuṭṭhi, paralābhe <a name="V1.0167"></a> ca patthanā, etaṃ atricchatālakkhaṇa’’nti (vibha. aṭṭha. 849). <span class="bld">Pāpicchatā</span>ti asantaguṇasambhāvanādhippāyatā. Pāpā icchā etassāti pāpiccho, tassa bhāvo pāpicchatā. Yathāha ‘‘asantaguṇasambhāvanatā paṭiggahaṇe ca amattaññutā, etaṃ pāpicchalakkhaṇa’’nti (vibha. aṭṭha. 851). Mahantāni vatthūni icchati, mahatī vā tassa icchāti mahiccho, tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">mahicchatā</span>. Yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ ‘‘santaguṇasambhāvanatā paṭiggahaṇe ca amattaññutā, etaṃ mahicchalakkhaṇa’’nti. Paccavekkhamāno nivāressatīti yojanā. <span class="bld">Assa</span> bhikkhuno <span class="bld">saṃvattissati</span> piṇḍapātapaṭikkhepo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Mahiccho puggalo yathā paccayadānavasena paccayadāyakehi bharituṃ asakkuṇeyyo, evaṃ paccayapariyesanavasena attanāpīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘attanopi</span> <a name="M1.0187"></a> <span class="bld">upaṭṭhākānampi dubbharo hotī’’</span>ti. Saddhādeyyassa vinipātavasena pavattiyā <span class="bld">aññassa ghare chaḍḍento</span>. <span class="bld">Rittapattovā</span>ti yesu kulesu paṭipiṇḍavasena pavattati, tesaṃ sabbapacchimaṃ attano yathāladdhaṃ datvā tattha kiñci aladdhā rittapatto <span class="bld">vihāraṃ pavisitvā nipajjati</span> jighacchādubbalyenāti adhippāyo. Yathāladdhapaccayaparibhogena, puna pariyesanānāpajjanena attano subharatā, yathāladdhapaccayena avaññaṃ akatvā santosāpattiyā upaṭṭhākānaṃ subharatā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kathāvatthūnī</span>ti appicchatādipaṭisaṃyuttānaṃ kathānaṃ vatthūnīti kathāvatthūni, appicchatādayo eva. <span class="bld">Tīṇī</span>ti tīṇi kathāvatthūni. <span class="bld">Abhisallekhikā</span>ti ativiya kilese sallikhatīti abhisallekho, appiccha tādiguṇasamudāyo, so etissā atthīti abhisallekhikā, mahicchatādīnaṃ tanubhāvāya yuttarūpā appicchatādipaṭisaṃyuttatā. <span class="bld">Cetovinīvaraṇasappāyā</span>ti kusalacittuppattiyā nivārakānaṃ nīvaraṇānaṃ dūrībhāvakaraṇena cetovinīvaraṇasaṅkhātānaṃ samathavipassanānaṃ sappāyā. Samathavipassanācittasseva vā vibhūtibhāvakaraṇāya sappāyā upakārikāti <span class="bld">cetovinīvaraṇasappāyā</span>. <span class="bld">Ekantanibbidāyā</span>tiādi yena nibbidādiānisaṃsena ayaṃ kathā abhisallekhikā cetovinīvaraṇasappāyā ca nāma hoti, taṃ dassetuṃ vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">ekantanibbidāyā</span>ti ekaṃsena vaṭṭadukkhato nibbindanatthāya. <span class="bld">Virāgāya nirodhāyā</span>ti tasseva virajjanatthañca nirujjhanatthañca. <span class="bld">Upasamāyā</span>ti sabbakilesavūpasamāya. <span class="bld">Abhiññāyā</span>ti sabbassapi abhiññeyyassa abhijānanāya. <span class="bld">Sambodhāyā</span>ti catumaggasambodhāya. <span class="bld">Nibbānāyā</span>ti anupādisesanibbānāya. Etesu hi ādito tīhi vipassanā vuttā, puna tīhi maggo, itarena nibbānaṃ. Tena samathavipassanā ādiṃ katvā nibbānapariyosāno ayaṃ sabbo uttarimanussadhammo dasakathāvatthulābhino sambhavatīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Paripūressantī</span>ti taṃsabhāvato upakārato <a name="V1.0168"></a> ca saṃvattissanti. Appicchatādayo hi ekavārauppannā upari tadatthāya saṃvattissanti. Kathāvatthuparipūraṇaṃ sikkhāparipūraṇañca vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Amataṃ nibbāna</span>nti anupādisesanibbānadhātuṃ. Itarā pana sekkhāsekkhadhammapāripūriyā paripuṇṇā. Nibbānapāripūri cettha tadāvahadhammapāripūrivasena pariyāyato <a name="M1.0188"></a> vuttāti veditabbā. Idāni yāyaṃ appicchatādīnaṃ anukkamaparivuddhiyā guṇapāripūritā, taṃ upamāya sādhento <span class="bld">‘‘seyyathāpī’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">pāvussako</span>ti vassānamāse uṭṭhito. So hi cirānuppavatti hoti. <span class="bld">Pabbatakandarā</span> pabbatesu upaccakādhiccakāpabhavanijjharādinadiyo. <span class="bld">Sarasākhā</span>ti yattha upariunnatapadesato udakaṃ āgantvā tiṭṭhati ceva sandati ca, te. <span class="bld">Kusobbhā</span> khuddakataḷākā. <span class="bld">Kunnadiyo</span>ti pabbatapādato nikkhantā khuddakanadiyo. Tā hi mahānadiyo otarantiyo paripūrenti. <span class="bld">Paramadhammadāyāda</span>nti paramaṃ uttamaṃ dhammadāyādabhāvaṃ, paramaṃ dhammadāyajjaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Te bhikkhū</span>ti te dhammapaṭiggāhake bhikkhū. <span class="bld">Sanniyojento</span>ti mūlaguṇehi appicchatādīhi yojento.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uggahetvā</span>ti atthato byañjanato ca upadhāraṇavasena gahetvā aviparītaṃ gahetvā. <span class="bld">Saṃsandetvā</span>ti mama desanānusārena mamajjhāsayaṃ avirajjhitvā. Yathā idheva <span class="bld">cintesī</span>ti yathā imissā dhammadāyādadesanāya cintesi, evaṃ aññatthāpi dhammathomanatthaṃ gandhakuṭiṃ pavisanto cintesi. <span class="bld">Ekajjhāsayāyā</span>ti samānādhippāyāya. <span class="bld">Matiyā</span>ti paññāya. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ desanā aggā</span>tiādi bhagavā dhammasenāpatiṃ guṇato eva paggaṇhātīti katvā vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cittagatiyā</span>ti cittavasena kāyassa pariṇāmanena ‘‘ayaṃ kāyo idaṃ cittaṃ viya hotū’’ti kāyassa cittena samānagatikatādhiṭṭhānena. Kathaṃ pana kāyo dandhappavattiko lahuparivattanacittena samānagatiko hotīti? Na sabbathā samānagatiko. Yatheva hi kāyavasena cittapariṇāmane cittaṃ sabbathā kāyena samānagatikaṃ na hoti. Na hi tadā cittaṃ sabhāvasiddhena attano khaṇena avattitvā dandhavuttikassa rūpadhammassa khaṇena vattituṃ sakkoti, ‘‘idaṃ cittaṃ ayaṃ kāyo viya hotū’’ti pana adhiṭṭhānena dandhagatikassa kāyassa anuvattanato yāva icchitaṭṭhānappatti, tāva kāyagatiṃ anulomentameva hutvā santānavasena pavattamānaṃ cittaṃ kāyagatikaṃ katvā pariṇāmitaṃ nāma hoti, evaṃ ‘‘ayaṃ kāyo idaṃ cittaṃ viya hotū’’ti adhiṭṭhānena pageva lahusaññāya sukhumasaññāya ca sampāditattā abhāvitiddhipādānaṃ viya dandhaṃ avattitvā yathā lahuṃ katipayacittavāreheva icchitaṭṭhānappatti hoti<a name="M1.0189"></a>, evaṃ pavattamāno kāyo cittagatikabhāveneva pariṇāmito nāma hoti, na ekacittakkhaṇeneva pavattiyā. Evañca katvā <a name="V1.0169"></a> bāhusamiñjanappasāraṇūpamāpi upacārena vinā suṭṭhutaraṃ yuttā hoti, aññathā dhammatāvilomitā siyā. Na hi dhammānaṃ lakkhaṇaññathattaṃ iddhibalena kātuṃ sakkā, bhāvaññathattameva pana sakkāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para31"></a><a name="para31_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">31</span>. <span class="bld">Bhagavato adhippāyānurūpaṃ</span> bhikkhūnañca ajjhāsayaṃ ñatvāti vacanaseso. Desakāle viya bhājanampi oloketvā eva mahāthero dhammaṃ katheti. <span class="bld">Pakkantassā</span>ti idaṃ anādare sāmivacananti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘pakkantassa sato’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Kittakenā</span>ti kena parimāṇena. Taṃ pana parimāṇaṃ yasmā parimeyyassa atthassa paricchindanaṃ hoti, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘kittāvatāti paricchedavacana’’</span>nti āha. <span class="bld">Nukāro pucchāya</span>nti ayaṃ nu-saddo idheva pucchāyaṃ āgatoti katvā vuttaṃ. Nu-saddena hettha jotiyamāno attho kiṃ-saddena parimāṇo attho parimeyyattho ca. Ettha saṃkilesapakkho vivekassa ananusikkhanaṃ āmisadāyādatā, vodānapakkho tassa anusikkhanaṃ dhammadāyādatāti. <span class="bld">Tīhi vivekehī</span>ti vivekattayaggahaṇaṃ tadantogadhattā vivekapañcakassa. Vivekapañcakaggahaṇe panassa sarūpena kāyaviveko gahito na siyā, tadāyattattā vā satthārā tadā payujjamānavivekadassanavasena <span class="bld">‘‘tīhi vivekehī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Aññatarampī</span>ti kasmā vuttaṃ. Na hi kāyavivekamattena dhammadāyādabhāvo sijjhatīti? Na, vivekadvayasannissayasseva kāyavivekassa idhādhippetattā. Evañca katvā cittavivekaggahaṇampi samatthitaṃ hoti. Na hi lokiyajjhānādhigamamattena nippariyāyato satthudhammadāyādabhāvo icchito, nibbānādhigamena pana so icchito, tasmā sabbāpi sāsane vivekānusikkhanā nibbānapoṇā nibbānapabbhārā nibbānogadhā cāti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tiṇṇaṃ vivekānaṃ aññatarampī’’</span>ti. Asati āloke andhakāro viya asati dhammadāyādatāya ekaṃsiyā āmisadāyādatāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘āmisadāyādāva hontī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Esa nayo sukkapakkhepī</span>ti kaṇhapakkhato sādhāraṇavasena labbhamānaṃ atthasāmaññaṃ atidisati, na atthavisesaṃ tassa visadisattā, atthavisesameva vā atidisati visadisūdāharaṇūpāyañāyena. ‘‘Tiṇṇaṃ vivekānaṃ aññatara’’nti idaṃ idha na labbhati. Tayopi <a name="M1.0190"></a> hi vivekā, tesu eko vā itaradvayasannissayo idha labbhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dūratopī</span>ti dūraṭṭhānatopi. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tiroraṭṭhatopī’’</span>tiādi. Kāmaṃ ‘‘paṭibhātū’’ti ettha paṭi-saddāpekkhāya ‘‘sāriputta’’nti upayogavacanaṃ, attho pana sāmivacanavaseneva veditabboti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘āyasmatoyeva sāriputtassā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Bhāgo hotū</span>ti iminābhāgattho paṭi-saddoti dasseti lakkhaṇādiatthānaṃ idha ayujjanato. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ saddalakkhaṇena sametī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Dissatū</span>ti ñāṇena dissatu, passatūti vā attho. <span class="bld">Upaṭṭhātū</span>ti ñāṇassa paccupatiṭṭhatu. <span class="bld">Uggahessantī</span>ti <a name="V1.0170"></a> vācuggataṃ karissanti. Vācuggatakaraṇañhi uggaho. <span class="bld">Pariyāpuṇissantī</span>ti tasseva vevacanaṃ. Puripucchanādinā vā atthassa citte āpādanaṃ paṭṭhapanaṃ pariyāpuṇanaṃ. <span class="bld">Kāraṇavacana</span>nti yathāvuttassa kāraṇabhāvena vacanaṃ ‘‘hetumhi karaṇavacana’’nti katvā. Vuttatthapaccāmasanaṃ taṃ-saddena karīyatīti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yasmā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekenevākārenā</span>ti āmisadāyādatāsiddhena ādiyatāsaṅkhātena ekeneva pakārena. Tameva hi ākāraṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘bhagavatā vuttamattha’’</span>nti. Aññathā ‘‘satthu pavivittassa viharato sāvakā vivekaṃ nānusikkhantī’ti ekeneva ākārena so attho therenapi vutto. <span class="bld">Tīhi ākārehī</span>ti āmisadāyādapaṭipadābhūtehi tiṇṇaṃ vivekānaṃ ananusikkhanākārehi. <span class="bld">Ettāvatā</span>ti <span class="bld">‘‘idhāvuso…pe… nānusikkhantī’’</span>ti ettakena kaṇhapakkhe uddesapāṭhena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vitthārato suvibhatto hoti</span> anavasesato sammadeva niddiṭṭhattā. Nanu ca uddese satthunopi ādiyatā bhagavatā gahitā, sā na niddiṭṭhāti anuyogaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘so ca kho’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Sāvake anuggaṇhantassā</span>ti ‘‘āmisadāyādā satthu sāvakā’’ti satthu parappavādapariharaṇatthampi ‘‘tumhehi dhammadāyādehi bhavitabba’’nti evaṃ sāvake anukampamānassa. Sāvakānaṃ taṃ na yuttaṃ sāmīciabhāvatoti yojanā. <span class="bld">Esa nayo</span>ti yadidaṃ ‘‘ettāvatāyaṃ bhagavā’’tiādinā kaṇhapakkhe uddesassa atthavibhāgadassanamukhena sambandhadassanaṃ, esa nayo sukkapakkhepi sambandhadassaneti adhippāyo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ayaṃ tāvettha anusandhikkamayojanā’’</span>ti, satthārā desitāya uddesadesanāya mahātherena <a name="M1.0191"></a> desitāya ca anusandhikkamena sambandhoti attho. Yathānusandhi eva cettha anusandhi veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Accantapavivittassā</span>ti ekantaupadhiviveko viya itarepi viveko satthu ekantikāvāti. Anusikkhanaṃ nāma anu anu pūraṇanti tappaṭikkhepena āha <span class="bld">‘‘na paripūrentī’’</span>ti, na paribrūhentīti attho, <span class="bld">na paripūrentī</span>ti vā na paripālentīti attho. Yadaggena hi vivekaṃ nānusikkhanti, tadaggena na paribrūhenti, na paripālentīti vā vattabbataṃ labhantīti. Kasmā panettha ‘‘vivekaṃ nānusikkhantī’’ti uddese viya avisesavacane kāyavivekasseva gahaṇaṃ katanti codanaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘yadi panā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Pucchāyā</span>ti pucchāto aviseso siyā vibhāgassa alabbhamānattā vissajjanassa. Nanu ca ‘‘vivekaṃ nānusikkhantī’’ti avisesavacanato pāḷiyaṃ vibhāgo na labbhatevāti? Na, padantarena vibhāvitattā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yesañca dhammāna’’</span>ntiādi. <span class="bld">Byākaraṇapakkho</span>ti vissajjanapakkho. Vissajjanañca na pucchā viya avisesajotanā<a name="V1.0171"></a>, atha kho yathādhippetatthavibhajananti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Iminā padenā</span>ti ‘‘vivekaṃ nānusikkhantī’’ti iminā padena kāyavivekaṃ aparipūriyamānaṃ dassetīti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Cittavivekaṃ upadhiviveka</span>nti etthāpi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ettha ca nappajahantī</span>ti pahātabbadhammānaṃ pahānābhāvavacanaṃ pahānalakkhaṇavivekābhāvadīpanaṃ, taṃ vatvā puna ‘‘viveke nikkhittadhurā’’ti vacanaṃ tato sātisayavivekābhāvadīpananti tadubhayavivekābhāvadassanena ‘‘yesañca dhammāna’’ntiādināva pārisesañāyena ‘‘vivekaṃ nānusikkhantī’’ti iminā vivekadvayamūlabhūtakāyavivekābhāvadassanaṃ katanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Avigatataṇhatāya taṃ taṃ parikkhārajātaṃ bahuṃ lanti ādiyantīti bahulā, bahulā eva <span class="bld">bāhulikā</span> yathā ‘‘venayiko’’ti (ma. ni. 1.246; a. ni. 8.11; pārā. 8). Te pana yasmā paccayabahulabhāvāya yuttappayuttā nāma honti, tasmā āha <span class="bld">‘‘cīvarādibāhullāya paṭipannā’’</span>ti. Sikkhāya ādarabhāvābhāvato sithilaṃ adaḷhaṃ gaṇhantīti <span class="bld">‘‘sāthalikā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sithila</span>nti bhāvanapuṃsakaniddeso, sithila-saddena vā samānatthassa sāthala-saddassa vasena <span class="bld">‘‘sāthalikā’’</span>ti padasiddhi veditabbā. <span class="bld">Avagamanaṭṭhenā</span>ti adhogamanaṭṭhena<a name="M1.0192"></a>, orambhāgiyabhāvenāti attho. <span class="bld">Upadhiviveke</span>ti sabbūpadhipaṭinissaggatāya upadhīhi vivitte. <span class="bld">Oropitadhurā</span>ti ujjhitussāhā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aniyamenevā</span>ti kiñci visesaṃ anāmasitvā ‘‘sāvakā’’ti aviseseneva. <span class="bld">Niyamento</span>‘‘therā’’tiādinā. <span class="bld">Dasavasse upādāyā</span>ti dasavassato paṭṭhāya. <span class="bld">Issariye</span>ti ‘‘seṭṭhiṭṭhānaṃ senāpatiṭṭhāna’’ntiādīsu viya. Acirakkhaṇobhāsena lakkhavedhako <span class="bld">akkhaṇavedhi</span>. <span class="bld">Ṭhitiya</span>nti avaṭṭhāne. <span class="bld">Ṭhānaso</span>ti taṅkhaṇeyeva. <span class="bld">Tiṭṭhatī</span>ti ādhārādheyyabhāvenāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tadāyattavuttibhāvenā’’</span>ti. Upekkhānubrūhanā sattasaṅkhāresu udāsīnatāpi asaṅkhatādhigamassa upāyoti tabbipariyāyato cīvarādimaṇḍanā na upadhivivekapāripūriyā saṃvattatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘cīvarapatta…pe… apūrayamānā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti theravāre. <span class="bld">Idhā</span>ti majjhimanavakavāresu. Tathā hi <span class="bld">‘‘majjhimatherakāle’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para32"></a><a name="para32_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">32</span>. <span class="bld">Imasmiñca kaṇhapakkhe</span>ti imasmiñca niddesavāre kaṇhapakkhe, na uddesavāre kaṇhapakkhe. Uddesavāre pana kaṇhapakkhe vuttavipariyāyena gahetabbattho ‘‘esa nayo sukkapakkhepī’’ti atidesena dassito. <span class="bld">Vuttapaccanīkanayenā</span>ti ‘‘kāyavivekaṃ nānusikkhanti na paripūrentī’’tiādinā vuttassa atthassa paccanīkanayena, ‘‘kāyavivekaṃ anusikkhanti paripūrentī’’tiādinā <a name="V1.0172"></a> nayena. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti etasmiṃ sukkapakkhe. <span class="bld">Saṅkhepo</span>ti atthasaṅkhepo. <span class="bld">Yojanaparamparāyā</span>ti gāmantato dūrabhāvena ekaṃ dve tīṇīti evaṃ yojanānaṃ paṭipāṭiyā. <span class="bld">Araññavanapatthānī</span>ti araññesu vanasaṇḍabhūtāni. <span class="bld">Pantānī</span>ti pariyantāni. <span class="bld">Upagantuṃ yuttakālo</span> jarājiṇṇakālo gocaragāme dūre gamanāgamanasamatthatābhāvato. ‘‘Evaṃ guṇavantesu dinnaṃ aho sudinna’’nti <span class="bld">paccayadāyakānaṃ pasādaṃ janenti</span>. <span class="bld">Pāsaṃsā</span>ti pasaṃsitabbā. <span class="bld">Ayampi mahāthero</span>tiādi ekaṃ appamādavihārinaṃ vuddhataraṃ niddisitvā vadantānaṃ vasena vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Paviṭṭho</span> vivekaṭṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Sāyaṃ nikkhamati</span> yonisomanasikāraṃ upabrūhetvāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Kasiṇaparikammaṃ karoti,</span> na yaṃ kiñci kiccantaraṃ. <span class="bld">Samāpattiyo nibbatteti,</span> na moghamanasikāraṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbathā</span>tiādito tāva tadaṅgavasena kilesehi cittaṃ vivecento tato vikkhambhanavasena samucchedavasena paṭipassaddhivasenāti sabbappakārena cittavivekaṃ pūreti. <span class="bld">Paṃsukūlāni dhāretī</span>ti iminā bāhulikatābhāvaṃ dasseti, <span class="bld">asithilaṃ sāsanaṃ</span> <a name="M1.0193"></a> <span class="bld">gahetvā</span>ti iminā sāthalikatābhāvaṃ, <span class="bld">vigatanīvaraṇo</span>ti iminā okkamane nikkhittadhurataṃ, <span class="bld">phalasamāpattinti</span>ādinā pavivekapubbaṅgamataṃ dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para33"></a><a name="para33_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">33</span>. <span class="bld">Tatrāvuso</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">iti</span>-saddo ādiattho. Tena ‘‘lobho ca pāpako’’tiādinayappavattaṃ uparidesanaṃ anavasesato pariyādiyati. <span class="bld">Ko anusandhī</span>ti yā sā bhagavatā saṃkilesapakkhena saha dhammadāyādapaṭipattibhāvinī ‘‘dhammadāyādā me, bhikkhave, bhavatha, mā āmisadāyādā’’tiādinā desanā uddiṭṭhā, taṃ ‘‘satthu pavivittassa viharato’’tiādinā ārabhitvā aṭṭhārasavārapaṭimaṇḍitāya niddesadesanāya vibhajitvā tato paraṃ ‘‘tatrāvuso lobho ca pāpako’’tiādinayāya uparidesanāya sambandhaṃ pucchati. <span class="bld">Eva</span>nti saṃkilesapakkhe ‘‘nappajahantī’’ti pahānābhāvadassanavasena, vodānapakkhe ‘‘pajahantī’’ti pahānasabbhāvadassanavasenāti evaṃ. Aniddhāritasarūpā yaṃ-taṃ-saddehi dhamma-saddena sāmaññato ye pahātabbadhammā vuttā, te sarūpato dassetunti yojanā. <span class="bld">Ime teti</span> ettha kasmā lobhādayo eva pahātabbadhammā vuttā, nanu ito aññepi mohadiṭṭhivicikicchādayo pahātabbadhammā santīti? Saccaṃ santi, te pana lobhādīhi tadekaṭṭhatā gahitā eva hontīti vuttā. Atha vā imesaṃyevettha gahaṇe kāraṇaṃ parato āvi bhavissati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni upacayena anusandhiṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘apicā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha sāvakānaṃ yassa dhammassa dāyādabhāvo satthu abhirucito, so ‘‘cattāro satipaṭṭhāne bhāvetī’’tiādinā akatthetvā ‘‘vivekaṃ anusikkhanti, te ca dhamme pajahanti, na ca bāhulikā’’tiādinā kathitattā <a name="V1.0173"></a> <span class="bld">heṭṭhā pariyāyeneva dhammo kathito</span>ti vuttaṃ. ‘‘Te ca dhamme nappajahanti, okkamane pubbaṅgamā’’tiādinā <span class="bld">āmisaṃ pariyāyenapi kathitaṃ</span>. ‘‘Siyā ca me piṇḍapāto’’tiādinā, ‘‘bāhulikā ca hontī’’tiādinā ca <span class="bld">āmisaṃ nippariyāyenapi kathitaṃ</span>. Atha vā yāyaṃ bhagavatā āmisadāyādapaṭikkhepanā dhammadāyādatā vuttā, yañca tadatthaṃ vibhajantena mahātherena attanā vivekānusikkhanādi vuttaṃ, tadubhayaṃ hetuvasena vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tatrāvuso, lobho cā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ<a name="M1.0194"></a>. Hetunirodhena hi saṃkilesapakkhassa, nirodhahetusampādanena ca vodānapakkhassa tappāpakatā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Atītadesanānidassana</span>nti atītāya therena yathādesitāya desanāya ca paccāmasanaṃ. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘satthu pavivittassa…pe… desanāyanti vuttaṃ hotī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti yaṃ vuttaṃ visesato ‘‘yesaṃ dhammānaṃ satthā pahānamāhā’’ti, etasmiṃ pade. Tattha hi pahātabbadhammā lobhādayo sāmaññato vuttā. <span class="bld">Lāmakā</span>ti nihīnā. Lobhadosā hi hetuto paccayato sabhāvato phalato nissandato saṃkiliṭṭhapakatikā, āyatiṃ dukkhassa pāpanaṭṭhena vā pāpakā. <span class="bld">Lubbhanalakkhaṇo</span>ti ārammaṇassa abhigijjhanalakkhaṇo. Tathā hi so lubbhanti tena, sayaṃ vā lubbhati, lubbhanamattameva vā tanti ‘‘lobho’’ti vuccati. Rasādīsu abhisaṅgaraso, apariccāgapaccupaṭṭhāno, saṃyojaniyesu dhammesu assādadassanapadaṭṭhāno. <span class="bld">Dussanalakkhaṇo</span>ti ārammaṇe byāpajjanalakkhaṇo. Tathā hi so dussanti tena, sayaṃ vā dussati, dussanamattameva vā tanti ‘‘doso’’ti vuccati. Rasādīsu visappanaraso, sanissayadahanaraso vā, dussanapaccupaṭṭhāno, āghātavatthupadaṭṭhāno.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tesū</span>tiādinā dassanena lobhadosānaṃ ekantato pahātabbatādassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Āmisadāyādassa paccayānaṃ lābhe hotī</span>ti idaṃ lobhassa ārammaṇaggahaṇasabhāvataṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ, taṇhāya vasena pana anugijjhanaṃ sandhāya <span class="bld">‘‘aladdhaṃ patthetī’’</span>ti āha. Alābhe paccayānaṃ āmisadāyādassa hotīti ānetvā yojanā. <span class="bld">Alabhanto</span>ti ettha ‘‘paccaye’’ti vibhattiṃ pariṇāmetvā yojetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Vighātavā</span>ti ‘‘yampicchaṃ na labhati, tampi dukkha’’nti (ma. ni. 1.120; vibha. 190) vacanato icchāvighātavā. Lobho ca deyyadhamme hoti āmisadāyādassāti sambandho. Esa nayo anantarapadepi. <span class="bld">Deyyadhamme</span>ti ca idaṃ nidassanamattaṃ sattakelāyanādivasenapi tassa lobhuppattisabbhāvato. ‘‘Taṇhaṃ paṭicca pariyesanā, pariyesanaṃ paṭicca lābho’’ti evamādayo <span class="bld">nava taṇhāmūlakā. Paripūreti</span> āmisadāyādoti vibhattivipariṇāmo veditabbo. Āvāsamacchariyādīni <span class="bld">pañca macchariyāni</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Magga</span>nti <a name="V1.0174"></a><a name="M1.0195"></a> ariyamaggaṃ. So hi kilese mārento gacchati, nibbānatthikehi ca maggīyati, sayaṃ vā sacchikiriyābhisamayavasena nibbānaṃ maggatīti nippariyāyena ‘‘maggo’’ti vuccati. <span class="bld">Eko anto</span>ti itarena asammisso eko koṭṭhāso, hīnatāya vā lāmakaṭṭhena <span class="bld">eko anto</span>. Kāmaṃ aññepi kusaladhammā ete ante asampayogato na upenti, tehi vimuttā eva, ayaṃ pana accantavimuttiyā na upetīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vimutto etehi antehī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti antadvayavimuttattā. <span class="bld">Etesaṃ majjhe bhavattā</span>ti idaṃ maggassa ubhayantavimuttatāya eva vuttaṃ, na tappariyāpannatāya, vaṭṭadukkhanissaraṇatthikehi paṭipajjitabbato ca. <span class="bld">Tathā</span>ti yathā itarena asammissaṭṭhena lāmakaṭṭhena ca lobho eko anto, tathā <span class="bld">kāmasukhallikānuyogo</span>ti attho. Esa nayo sesesupi. Maggassa anupagamanañca nesaṃ antānaṃ sabbaso appavattikaraṇeneva daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Purimanayenā</span>ti ‘‘ete dve ante na upetī’’tiādinā pubbe vuttanayena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saccāna</span>nti catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ. <span class="bld">Dassanapariṇāyakaṭṭhenā</span>ti dassanassa pariññābhisamayādibhedassa parito sabbathā nayanaṭṭhena pavattanaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Cakkhukaraṇī</span>ti dhammacakkhussa karaṇī nipphādikā. Tayidaṃ satipi paṭipadāya dhammacakkhuto anaññatte avayavavasena sijjhamāno attho samudāyena kato nāma hotīti upacāravasena vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Tathā hi vakkhati <span class="bld">‘‘maggoyeva hi maggatthāya saṃvattati maggena kātabbakiccakaraṇato’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ñāṇāyāti</span> yāthāvato jānanāya. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘viditakaraṇaṭṭhenā’’</span>ti. Visesañātabhāvāpādanañhi viditakaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Vūpasamanato</span>ti samucchindanavasena vūpasamanato. Dukkhādīnaṃ pariññeyyādibhāvo viya abhiññeyyabhāvopi maggavaseneva pākaṭo hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘catunnampi saccānaṃ abhiññeyyabhāvadassanato’’</span>ti, vibhāvanatoti attho. <span class="bld">Sambodhoti maggo</span> ‘‘sambujjhati etenā’’ti katvā. <span class="bld">Tassatthāyā</span>ti maggakiccatthāya. Na hi maggato añño maggakiccakaro atthi. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘maggoyeva hī’’</span>tiādi. Atha vā sammādiṭṭhi uppajjamānā sahajātādipaccayabhāvena itare uppādeti, evaṃ sesamaggadhammāpīti evampi maggatthāya saṃvattanaṃ veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Sacchikiriyāya paccakkhakammāyā</span>ti sacchikaraṇasaṅkhātapaccakkhakammāya. <span class="bld">Nibbānāyā</span>ti vā anupādisesanibbānāya. <span class="bld">Upasamāyāti</span> <a name="M1.0196"></a> iminā saupādisesanibbānaṃ gahitanti. <span class="bld">Aya</span>nti ‘‘sā hi saccāna’’ntiādinā yathāvutto atthanayo. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti ‘‘cakkhukaraṇī’’tiādīsu padesu. <span class="bld">Sāro</span> sundaro anapanīto. <span class="bld">Ito aññathā</span>ti ‘‘dukkhassa pariññāya diṭṭhivisuddhiṃ karotīti cakkhukaraṇī’’tiādinā atthavaṇṇanāpapañco kevalaṃ vitthāratthāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ayamevā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">aya</span>nti iminā attano aññesañca tassaṃ parisāyaṃ ariyānaṃ maggassa <a name="V1.0175"></a> paccakkhabhāvaṃ dasseti. Āsannapaccakkhavācī hi ayaṃ-saddo. <span class="bld">Aññamaggapaṭisedhanattha</span>nti aññassa nibbānagāmimaggassa atthibhāvapaṭisedhanatthaṃ. Sattāpaṭikkhepo hi idha paṭisedhanaṃ alabbhamānattā aññassa maggassa. Buddhādīnaṃ sādhāraṇabhāvo anaññatā. Tenāha brahmā sahampati –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Ekāyanaṃ jātikhayantadassī,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Maggaṃ pajānāti hitānukampī;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Etena maggena tariṃsu pubbe,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tarissanti ye ca taranti ogha’’nti. (saṃ. ni. 5.384, 409; mahāni. 191; cūḷani. 107, 121; netti. 170);</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ārakattā</span>ti iminā niruttinayena ariya-saddasiddhimāha. <span class="bld">Aripahānāyā</span>ti atthavacanamattaṃ. Arayo pāpadhammā yanti apagamanti etenāti <span class="bld">ariyo</span>. <span class="bld">Ariyena desito</span>ti ettha ariyassa bhagavato ayanti <span class="bld">ariyo</span>. <span class="bld">Ariyabhāvappaṭilābhāyā</span>ti ettha ariyakaro <span class="bld">ariyo</span>ti uttarapadalopena ariya-saddasiddhi veditabbā. Yasmā maggaṅgasamudāye maggavohāro hoti, samudāyo ca samudāyīhi samannāgato nāma hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘aṭṭhahi aṅgehi upetattā’’</span>ti, tasmā attano avayavabhūtāni aṭṭha aṅgāni etassa santīti <span class="bld">aṭṭhaṅgiko</span>. Yasmā pana paramatthato aṅgāniyeva maggo, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘na ca aṅgavinimutto’’</span>ti yathā ‘‘chaḷaṅgo vedo’’ti. Sadisūdāharaṇaṃ pana dassento <span class="bld">‘‘pañcaṅgikatūriyādīni viyā’’</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena caturaṅginī senāti evamādīnaṃ saṅgaho. <span class="bld">Mārento gacchatī</span>ti niruttinayena saddasiddhimāha. <span class="bld">Maggatī</span>ti gavesati. Ariyamaggo hi nibbānaṃ ārammaṇaṃ karonto taṃ gavesanto viya hotīti. <span class="bld">Maggīyati nibbānatthikehi</span> vivaṭṭūpanissayapuññakaraṇato <a name="M1.0197"></a> paṭṭhāya tadatthaṃ paṭipattito. <span class="bld">Gammatī</span>ti etena ādiantavipariyāyena saddasiddhimāha yathā ‘‘kakū’’ti. <span class="bld">‘‘Seyyathidanti nipāto’’</span>ti vatvā tassa sabbaliṅgavibhattivacanasādhāraṇatāya <span class="bld">‘‘katamāni tāni aṭṭhaṅgānī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Nanu ca aṅgāni samuditāni maggo antamaso sattaṅgavikalassa ariyamaggassa abhāvatoti? Saccametaṃ saccapaṭivedhena, maggapaccayatāya pana yathāsakaṃ kiccakaraṇena paccekampi tāni maggoyevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ekamekañhi aṅgaṃ maggoyevā’’</span>ti, aññathā samuditānampi nesaṃ maggakiccaṃ na sambhaveyyāti. Idāni tamevatthaṃ pāḷiyā samatthetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sammādiṭṭhimaggo ceva hetu cā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sammā aviparītaṃ pariññābhisamayādivasena catunnaṃ saccānaṃ dassanaṃ paṭivijjhanaṃ lakkhaṇaṃ <a name="V1.0176"></a> etissāti <span class="bld">sammādassanalakkhaṇā</span>. Sammā aviparītaṃ sampayuttadhamme nibbānārammaṇe abhiniropanaṃ appanālakkhaṇaṃ etassāti <span class="bld">sammāabhiniropanalakkhaṇo</span> musāvādādīnaṃ visaṃvādanādikiccatāya lūkhānaṃ apariggāhakānaṃ paṭipakkhabhāvato siniddhasabhāvattā sampayuttadhamme, sammāvācappaccayasubhāsitasotārañca janaṃ sammadeva pariggaṇhātīti sammāvācā sammāpariggaho lakkhaṇaṃ etissāti <span class="bld">sammāpariggahalakkhaṇā</span>. Yathā kāyikā kiriyā kiñci kattabbaṃ samuṭṭhāpeti, sayañca samuṭṭhahanaṃ ghaṭanaṃ hoti, tathā sammākammantasaṅkhātā viratipīti <span class="bld">sammāsamuṭṭhānalakkhaṇo sammākammanto</span>. Sampayuttadhammānaṃ vā ukkhipanaṃ <span class="bld">samuṭṭhānaṃ</span> kāyikakiriyāya bhārukkhipanaṃ viya. Jīvamānassa sattassa, sampayuttadhammānaṃ vā suddhi vodānaṃ, ājīvasseva vā jīvitappavattiyā suddhi vodānaṃ etenāti <span class="bld">sammāvodānalakkhaṇo sammāājīvo</span>. Kosajjapakkhe patituṃ adatvā sampayuttadhammānaṃ paggaṇhanaṃ anubalappadānaṃ <span class="bld">paggaho</span>. Ārammaṇaṃ upagantvā ṭhānaṃ, tassa vā anissajjanaṃ <span class="bld">upaṭṭhānaṃ</span>. Ārammaṇe sampayuttadhammānaṃ sammā, samaṃ vā ādhānaṃ <span class="bld">samādhānaṃ</span>. Sammā saṅkappeti sampayuttadhamme ārammaṇe abhiniropetīti <span class="bld">sammāsaṅkappo</span>. Sammā vadati etāyāti <span class="bld">sammāvācā</span>. Sammā karoti etenāti sammākammaṃ, tadeva <span class="bld">sammākammanto</span>. Sammā ājīvati etenāti <span class="bld">sammāājīvo</span>. Sammā vāyamati ussahati etenāti <span class="bld">sammāvāyāmo</span>. Sammā sarati anussaratīti <span class="bld">sammāsati</span><a name="M1.0198"></a>. Sammā samādhiyati cittaṃ etenāti <span class="bld">sammāsamādhī</span>ti evaṃ sammāsaṅkappādīnaṃ nibbacanaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Micchādiṭṭhi</span>nti sabbampi micchādassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Tappaccanīyakilese</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">taṃ</span>-saddena sammādiṭṭhi. Na hi micchādiṭṭhiyā kilesā paccanīyā, atha kho sammādiṭṭhiyā. <span class="bld">Avijjañcā</span>ti avijjāggahaṇaṃ tassā saṃkilesadhammānaṃ pamukhabhāvato. Tenāha ‘‘avijjā, bhikkhave, pubbaṅgamā akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ samāpattiyā’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.1). Dassananivārakassa sammohassa samugghātena <span class="bld">asammohato</span>. Ettha ca <span class="bld">micchādiṭṭhiṃ…pe… pajahatī</span>ti etena pahānābhisamayaṃ, <span class="bld">nibbānaṃ ārammaṇaṃ karotī</span>ti etena sacchikiriyābhisamayaṃ, <span class="bld">sampayuttadhamme</span>tiādinā bhāvanābhisamayaṃ sammādiṭṭhikiccaṃ dasseti. Pariññābhisamayo pana nānantariyatāya atthato vutto eva hotīti daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ pana ekameva ñāṇaṃ ekasmiṃ khaṇe cattāri kiccāni sādhentaṃ pavattati. Na hi tādisaṃ loke diṭṭhaṃ, na āgamo vā tādiso atthīti na vattabbaṃ. Yathā hi padīpo ekasmiṃyeva khaṇe vaṭṭiṃ dahati, snehaṃ pariyādiyati, andhakāraṃ vidhamati, ālokañca vidaṃseti, evametaṃ ñāṇanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Maggasamaṅgissa ñāṇaṃ dukkhepetaṃ ñāṇaṃ, dukkhasamudayepetaṃ ñāṇaṃ<a name="V1.0177"></a>, dukkhanirodhepetaṃ ñāṇaṃ, dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāyapetaṃ ñāṇanti <span class="bld">suttapadaṃ</span> (vibha. 754) ettha udāharitabbaṃ. Yathā ca sammādiṭṭhi pubbabhāge dukkhādīsu visuṃ visuṃ pavattitvā maggakkhaṇe ekāva catunnaṃ ñāṇānaṃ kiccaṃ sādhentī pavattati, evaṃ sammāsaṅkappādayo pubbabhāge nekkhammasaṅkappādināmakā hutvā kāmasaṅkappādīnaṃ pajahanavasena visuṃ visuṃ pavattitvā maggakkhaṇe tiṇṇaṃ catunnañca kiccaṃ sādhentā pavattanti. Sammāsamādhi pana pubbabhāgepi maggakkhaṇepi nānāyeva hutvā pavattatīti kāmañcettha sammādiṭṭhiyā sabbepi pāpadhammā paṭipakkhā, ujuvipaccanīkatādassanavasena pana sammādiṭṭhiyā kiccaniddese micchādiṭṭhiggahaṇaṃ kataṃ. Teneva ca <span class="bld">‘‘tappaccanīyakilese cā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yesaṃ kilesānaṃ anupacchindane sammādiṭṭhi na uppajjeyya, te micchādiṭṭhiyā sahajekaṭṭhatāya tadekaṭṭhāva tappaccanīyakilesā daṭṭhabbā. Sammāsaṅkappādīnaṃ kiccaniddesepi eseva nayo. Sotāpattimaggādivasena cattāro lokuttaramaggabhāvasāmaññena ekato katvā. Lobhadosā samudayasaccaṃ, yassa pana so samudayo taṃ dukkhasaccaṃ, pahānabhāvo maggasaccaṃ, yattha taṃ <a name="M1.0199"></a> pahānaṃ, taṃ nirodhasaccanti imāni cattāri saccāni. Kasmā panettha lobhadosānaṃ visuṃ ādito ca gahaṇaṃ? Visuṃ gahaṇaṃ tāva tathābujjhanakānaṃ puggalānaṃ ajjhāsayavasena, imehi lobhadosehi āmisadāyādatā, tappahānena ca dhammadāyādatāti dassanatthaṃ, tadanusārena catusaccayojanāya evaṃ ekekassa niyyānamukhaṃ hotīti dassanatthañca. Sesavāresupi eseva nayo. Ādito gahaṇaṃ pana ativiya oḷārikatāya supākaṭabhāvato vakkhamānānaṃ aññesañca pāpadhammānaṃ mūlabhāvato tadekaṭṭhatāya ca veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kujjhanalakkhaṇo</span>ti kuppanasabhāvo, cittassa byāpajjanāti attho. <span class="bld">Caṇḍikkaṃ</span> luddatā, kururabhāvoti attho. <span class="bld">Āghātakaraṇaraso</span>ti ‘‘anatthaṃ me acarī’’tiādinā citte āghātassa karaṇaraso. <span class="bld">Dussanapaccupaṭṭhāno</span>ti saparasantānassa vināsanapaccupaṭṭhāno laddhokāso viya sapatto. <span class="bld">Upanandhanaṃ</span> nānappakārassa uparūpari nandhanaṃ viya hotīti katvā. Tathā hesa <span class="bld">‘‘veraappaṭinissajjanaraso, kodhānupabandhabhāvapaccupaṭṭhāno’’</span>ti ca vutto. <span class="bld">Aparakāle upanāhotiādī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena ‘‘upanayhanā upanayhitattaṃ āṭhapanā ṭhapanā saṇṭhapanā anusaṃsandanā anuppabandhanā daḷhīkamma’’ntiādīnaṃ (vibha. 891) niddesapadānaṃ atthavaṇṇanaṃ saṅgayhati. Upanāhasamaṅgī hi puggalo verassa anissajjanato ādittapūtialātaṃ viya jalati eva, cittañcassa dhoviyamānaṃ acchacammaṃ viya, masimakkhitapilotikā viya ca na sujjhateva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paraguṇamakkhanalakkhaṇo</span>ti <a name="V1.0178"></a> udakapuñchaniyā udakaṃ viya paresaṃ guṇānaṃ makkhanasabhāvo. Tathābhūto cāyaṃ attano kārakaṃ gūthena paharantaṃ gūtho viya paṭhamataraṃ makkheti evāti daṭṭhabbo. Tathā hessa saparasantānesu guṇaṃ makkhetīti <span class="bld">makkho</span>ti vuccati. <span class="bld">Yugaggāho</span> samadhuraggahaṇaṃ asamānassapi abhūtassa samāropanaṃ. Samabhāvakaraṇaṃ <span class="bld">samīkaraṇaṃ</span>. Paresaṃ guṇappamāṇena attano guṇānaṃ upaṭṭhānaṃ paccupaṭṭhapetīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘paresaṃ guṇappamāṇena upaṭṭhānapaccupaṭṭhāno’’</span>ti. Tathā hesa paresaṃ guṇe ḍaṃsitvā viya attano guṇehi same karotīti <span class="bld">paḷāso</span>ti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Parasampattikhīyanaṃ</span> <a name="M1.0200"></a> parasampattiyā usūyanaṃ. Issati parasampattiṃ na sahatīti <span class="bld">issā</span>. Tathā hesā <span class="bld">‘‘parasampattiyā akkhamanalakkhaṇā’’</span>ti vuccati. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti parasampattiyaṃ. <span class="bld">Anabhiratirasā</span> abhiratipaṭipakkhakiccā. <span class="bld">Vimukhabhāvapaccupaṭṭhānā</span> parasampattiṃ passitumpi appadānato. <span class="bld">Nigūhanalakkhaṇaṃ</span> attano sampattiyā parehi sādhāraṇabhāvāsahanato. <span class="bld">Asukhāyanaṃ</span> na sukhanaṃ dukkhanaṃ, arocananti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Katassa kāyaduccaritādipāpassa paṭicchādanaṃ <span class="bld">katapāpapaṭicchādanaṃ</span>. Tassa pāpassa āvaraṇabhāvena paccupatiṭṭhatīti <span class="bld">tadāvaraṇapaccupaṭṭhānā,</span> māyā, yāya samannāgato puggalo bhasmachanno viya aṅgāro, udakachanno viya khāṇu, pilotikapaṭicchāditaṃ viya ca satthaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Avijjamānaguṇappakāsanaṃ</span> attani avijjamānasīlādiguṇavibhāvanaṃ, yena sāṭheyyena samannāgatassa puggalassa asantaguṇasambhāvanena cittānurūpakiriyāviharato ‘‘evaṃcitto, evaṃkiriyo’’ti dubbiññeyyattā kucchiṃ vā piṭṭhiṃ vā jānituṃ na sakkā. Yato –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Vāmena sūkaro hoti, dakkhiṇena ajāmigo;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sarena nelako hoti, visāṇena jaraggavo’’ti. (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 2.296; vibha. aṭṭha. 894; mahāni. aṭṭha. 166) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Evaṃ vuttayakkasūkarasadiso hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cittassa uddhumātabhāvo</span> thaddhalūkhabhāvo. <span class="bld">Appatissayavuttī</span>ti anivātavutti. Amaddavākārena paccupatiṭṭhati, amaddavataṃ vā paccupaṭṭhapetīti <span class="bld">amaddavatāpaccupaṭṭhāno,</span> thambho, yena samannāgato puggalo gilitanaṅgalasīso viya ajagaro, vātabharitabhastā viya ca thaddho hutvā garuṭṭhāniye ca <a name="V1.0179"></a> disvā onamitumpi na icchati, pariyanteneva carati. Karaṇassa uttarakiriyā <span class="bld">karaṇuttariyaṃ</span>. Visesato paccanīkabhāvo <span class="bld">vipaccanīkatā</span>. Parena hi kismiñci kate taddiguṇaṃ karaṇavasena <span class="bld">sārambho</span> pavattati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Seyyādiākārehi unnamanaṃ <span class="bld">unnati</span>. Omānopi hi evaṃ karaṇamukhena sampaggahavaseneva pavattati. ‘‘Ahamasmi seyyo’’tiādinā ahaṃkaraṇaṃ sampaggaho <span class="bld">ahaṅkāro</span>. Pare abhibhavitvā adhikaṃ unnamanaṃ <span class="bld">abbhunnati</span><a name="M1.0201"></a>. Yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ ‘‘pubbakāle attānaṃ hīnato dahati aparakāle seyyato’’ti (vibha. 877).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mattabhāvo</span> jātiādiṃ paṭicca cittassa majjanākāro, yassa vā dhammassa vasena puggalo matto nāma hoti, so dhammo <span class="bld">mattabhāvo. Madaggāhaṇaraso</span> madassa gāhaṇakicco. Mado hi attano majjanākāraṃ sampayuttadhamme gāhento viya pavattamāno taṃsamaṅgiṃ puggalampi tathā karonto viya hoti. Ahaṅkāravasena puggalaṃ aniṭṭhaṃ karonto cittassa ummādabhāvo viya hotīti <span class="bld">ummādapaccupaṭṭhāno</span>. Satiyā aniggaṇhitvā cittassa vossajjanaṃ <span class="bld">cittavossaggo,</span> sativirahitoti attho. Yathāvuttassa vossaggassa anuppadānaṃ punappunaṃ vissajjanaṃ <span class="bld">vossaggānuppadānaṃ</span>. <span class="bld">Imesaṃ</span> kodhādīnaṃ lobhādīnampi vā. <span class="bld">Lakkhaṇādīnī</span>ti lakkhaṇarasapaccupaṭṭhānāni. Padaṭṭhānaṃ pana dhammantaratāya na gahitaṃ. Nibbacanaṃ ‘‘kujjhatīti <span class="bld">kodho,</span> upanayhatīti <span class="bld">upanāho’’</span>tiādinā suviññeyyamevāti na vuttaṃ, atthato pana kodho doso eva, tathā upanāho. Pavattiākāramattato hi kato nesaṃ bhedo, makkhapaḷāsasārambhā tadākārappavattā paṭighasahagatacittuppādadhammā, māyāsāṭheyyathambhamadappamādā tadākārappavattā lobhasahagatacittuppādadhammā. <span class="bld">Thambho</span> vā mānaviseso cittassa thaddhabhāvena gahetabbato, tathā <span class="bld">mado</span>. Tathā hi so ‘‘māno maññanā’’tiādinā <span class="bld">vibhaṅge</span> (vibha. 878) niddiṭṭho. Idha pana mānātimānānaṃ visuṃ gahitattā majjanākārena pavattadhammā eva <span class="bld">‘‘mado’’</span>ti gahetabbā. Sesānaṃ dhammantarabhāvo pākaṭo eva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kasmā panettha ete eva aṭṭha dukā gahitā, kimito aññepi kilesadhammā natthīti? No natthi, ime pana āmisadāyādassa savisesaṃ kilesāya saṃvattantīti taṃ visesaṃ vibhāventena āmisadāyādassa lobhādīnaṃ pavattanākāraṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘visesato’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">etthā</span>ti etesu lobhādīsu. <span class="bld">Alabhanto</span> āmisanti adhippāyo. Tatuttari uppanno kodhoti ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Santepī</span>ti vijjamānepi. <span class="bld">Issatī</span>ti issaṃ janeti. <span class="bld">Padussatī</span>ti tasseva vevacanaṃ. Tathā hi sā ‘‘issati dussati padussatī’’tiādinā niddiṭṭhā. Yasmā vā issaṃ <a name="V1.0180"></a><a name="M1.0202"></a> janento ekaṃsato paduṭṭhacitto eva hoti, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘padussatī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti āmisadāyādassa. <span class="bld">Evaṃ paṭipanno</span>ti evaṃ asantaguṇappakāsanaṃ paṭipadaṃ paṭipanno. <span class="bld">Ovadituṃ asakkuṇeyyo</span>ti etena thambho nāma dovacassakaraṇo dhammoti dasseti. <span class="bld">Kiñci vadati</span> ovādadānavasena. <span class="bld">Thambhena…pe… maññanto</span>ti iminā ca thambhassa mānavisesabhāvaṃ dasseti, thambhena vā hetunāti attho. <span class="bld">Matto samāno</span>ti matto honto. <span class="bld">Kāma…pe… pamajjatī</span>ti etena madavasena ekaṃsato pamādamāpajjatīti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Eva</span>nti iminā āmisadāyādassa lobhādīnaṃ uppattikkamadassaneneva idha pāḷiyaṃ nesaṃ desanākkamopi dassitoti daṭṭhabbo. Na kevalaṃ imeheva, atha kho aññehi ca evarūpehi pāpakehi dhammehi aparimutto hotīti sambandho. Ke pana teti? Atricchatāmahicchatādayoti. Evaṃ mahādīnavā āmisadāyādatāti tato balavataro saṃvego janetabboti ayamettha ovādo veditabbo. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti etasmiṃ sutte. <span class="bld">Sabbatthā</span>ti sabbesu vāresu. <span class="bld">Nibbisesoyevā</span>ti eteneva paṭhamataraṃ idha dassitasaccayojanānayena sabbavāresu yojetabboti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ñāṇaparicayapāṭavattha</span>nti maggassa aṭṭhaṅgasattaṅgatādivisesavibhāvanāya ñāṇassa āsevanaṭṭhena paricayo ñāṇaparicayo, tassa paṭubhāvatthaṃ kosallatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti ariyamagge. <span class="bld">Bhedo</span>ti viseso. <span class="bld">Kamo</span>ti aṅgānaṃ desanānupubbī. <span class="bld">Bhāvanānayo</span>ti bhāvanāvidhi. <span class="bld">‘‘Kadāci aṭṭhaṅgiko, kadāci sattaṅgiko’’</span>ti saṅkhepato vuttamatthaṃ vivaranto puna <span class="bld">‘‘ayaṃ hī’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">lokuttarapaṭhamajjhānavasenā</span>ti lokuttarassa paṭhamajjhānassa vasena. Ettha ca keci jhānadhammā maggasabhāvāti ekantato jhānaṃ maggato visuṃ katvā vattuṃ na sakkāti ‘‘lokuttarapaṭhamajjhānasahito’’ti avatvā ‘‘lokuttarapaṭhamajjhānavasena’’icceva vuttaṃ. Atha vā <span class="bld">lokuttarapaṭhamajjhānavasenā</span>ti lokuttarā hutvā paṭhamajjhānassa vasenāti evamettha attho veditabbo. Ariyamaggo hi vipassanāya pādakabhūtassa, sammasitassa vā paṭhamajjhānassa vasena aṭṭhaṅgiko hoti. Atha vā ajhānalābhino sukkhavipassakassa, jhānalābhino vā pādakamakatvā paṭhamajjhānassa, pakiṇṇakasaṅkhārānaṃ vā sammasane <a name="M1.0203"></a> uppanno ariyamaggo aṭṭhaṅgiko hoti, svāssa aṭṭhaṅgikabhāvo paṭhamajjhānikabhāvenāti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘paṭhamajjhānavasenā’’</span>ti āha. Evaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘avasesajjhānavasenā’’</span>ti etthāti yathārahaṃ attho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadi ariyamaggo sattaṅgikopi hoti, atha kasmā pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘aṭṭhaṅgiko’’icceva vuttanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ukkaṭṭhaniddesato’’</span>tiādi. Yathā cettha paṭipadāya maggavasena aṭṭhaṅgikasattaṅgikabhedo<a name="V1.0181"></a>, evaṃ bojjhaṅgavasena sattaṅgikachaḷaṅgikabhedo veditabbo appītikajjhānavasena chaḷaṅgikattā, maggavasena pana desanā āgatāti svāyaṃ bhedo aṭṭhakathāyaṃ na uddhaṭo. <span class="bld">Ito para</span>nti ito aṭṭhaṅgato paraṃ ukkaṃsato, avakaṃsato pana sattaṅgato paraṃ maggaṅgaṃ nāma natthīti. <span class="bld">Nanu maggavibhaṅge</span> (vibha. 493-502) pañcaṅgikavāre pañceva maggaṅgāni uddhaṭāni, <span class="bld">mahāsaḷāyatane</span> (ma. ni. 3.431) ca ‘‘yā tathābhūtassa diṭṭhi, yo tathābhūtassa saṅkappo, yo tathābhūtassa vāyāmo, yā tathābhūtassa sati, yo tathābhūtassa samādhi, svāssa hoti sammāsamādhī’’ti vatvā pubbabhāgavasena pana ‘‘pubbeva kho panassa kāyakammaṃ vacīkammaṃ ājīvo suparisuddho hotī’’ti sammāvācādayo āgatāti? Saccametaṃ, taṃ pana sammādiṭṭhiādīnaṃ pañcannaṃ kārāpakaṅgānaṃ atirekakiccadassanavasena vuttaṃ, tasmā na ariyamaggo sammāvācādivirahito atthīti <span class="bld">‘‘ito parañhi maggaṅgaṃ natthī’’</span>ti suvuttametanti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbakusalāna</span>nti sabbesaṃ kusaladhammānaṃ. Niddhāraṇe cetaṃ sāmivacanaṃ. Kāmāvacarādivasena taṃtaṃkusaladhammesu sā sammādiṭṭhi seṭṭhā. Tassā seṭṭhabhāvena hi ‘‘paññājīviṃ jīvitamāhu seṭṭha’’nti (saṃ. ni. 1.246; su. ni. 184) vuttaṃ, maggasammādiṭṭhiyā pana sabbaseṭṭhabhāve vattabbameva natthi. <span class="bld">Kusalavāre</span>ti kusaluppattisamaye. <span class="bld">Pubbaṅgamā</span> kusalādidhammānaṃ yāthāvasabhāvabodhena sampayuttadhammānaṃ pariṇāyakabhāvato. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘sammādiṭṭhiṃ sammādiṭṭhīti pajānātī’’</span>tiādi. Sā sammādiṭṭhi pabhavo etassāti tappabhavo, sammāsaṅkappo. Sammādassanavasena hi sammāsaṅkappo hoti. Tato abhinibbattānīti <span class="bld">tappabhavābhinibbattāni</span>. Tappabhavābhinibbattānipi ‘‘tadabhinibbattānī’’ti vuccanti kāraṇakāraṇepi kāraṇūpacāratoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tappabhavābhinibbattāni sesaṅgānī’’</span>ti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sammādiṭṭhissā’’</span>tiādi. Yathā hi sammādassanaṃ <a name="M1.0204"></a> sammāvitakkanassa visesapaccayo, evaṃ sammāvitakkanaṃ sammāpariggahassa sammāpariggaho sammāsamuṭṭhānassa, sammāsamuṭṭhānaṃ sammāvodānassa, sammāvodānaṃ sammāvāyāmassa, sammāvāyāmo sammāupaṭṭhānassa, sammāupaṭṭhānaṃ sammādhānassa visesapaccayo, <span class="bld">tasmā</span> ‘‘purimaṃ purimaṃ pacchimassa pacchimassa visesapaccayo hotī’’ti <span class="bld">iminā</span> visesapaccayabhāvadassanatthena <span class="bld">kamena etāni</span> sammādiṭṭhiādīni <span class="bld">aṅgāni vuttānī</span>ti dassitāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhāvanānayo</span>ti samathavipassanānaṃ yuganaddhabhāvena pavatto bhāvanāvidhi. Ayañhi ariyamaggakkhaṇe bhāvanāvidhi. Tassa pana pubbabhāge bhāvanānayo kassaci samathapubbaṅgamo hoti<a name="V1.0182"></a>, kassaci vipassanāpubbaṅgamoti. Taṃ vidhiṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kocī’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha paṭhamo samathayānikassa vasena vutto, dutiyo vipassanāyānikassa. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘idhekacco’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti samathaṃ samādhiṃ, jhānadhammeti vā attho. <span class="bld">Taṃsampayutte</span>ti samādhisampayutte, jhānasampayutte vā dhamme. Ayañca nayo yebhuyyena samathayānikā arūpamukhena, tatthāpi jhānamukhena vipassanābhinivesaṃ karontīti katvā vutto. <span class="bld">Vipassanaṃ bhāvayato</span>ti paṭipadāñāṇadassanavisuddhiṃ ārabhitvā yathādhigataṃ taruṇavipassanaṃ vaḍḍhentassa. <span class="bld">Maggo sañjāyatī</span>ti pubbabhāgiyo lokiyamaggo uppajjati. <span class="bld">Āsevati</span> nibbidānupassanāvasena. <span class="bld">Bhāveti</span> muñcitukamyatāvasena. <span class="bld">Bahulīkaroti</span> paṭisaṅkhānupassanāvasena. <span class="bld">Āsevati</span> vā bhayatūpaṭṭhānañāṇavasena. <span class="bld">Bahulīkaroti</span> vuṭṭhānagāminivipassanāvasena. <span class="bld">Saṃyojanāni pahīyanti,</span> <span class="bld">anusayā byantī honti</span> maggapaṭipāṭiyā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samathaṃ anuppādetvāvā</span>ti avadhāraṇena upacārasamādhiṃ nivatteti, na khaṇikasamādhiṃ. Na hi khaṇikasamādhiṃ vinā vipassanā sambhavati. <span class="bld">Vipassanāpāripūriyā</span>ti vipassanāya paripuṇṇatāya vuṭṭhānagāminibhāvappattiyā. <span class="bld">Tatthajātāna</span>nti tasmiṃ ariyamaggakkhaṇe uppannānaṃ sammādiṭṭhiādīnaṃ dhammānaṃ. Niddhāraṇe cetaṃ sāmivacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Vavassaggārammaṇato</span>ti vavassaggassa ārammaṇatāya. Vavassaggo vossaggo paṭinissaggoti ca apavaggoti ca atthato ekaṃ, nibbānanti vuttaṃ hoti, tasmā nibbānassa ārammaṇakaraṇenāti attho. <span class="bld">Cittassa ekaggatā</span>ti maggasammāsamādhimāha. Ariyamaggo hi ekanta samāhito asamādhānahetūnaṃ kilesānaṃ samucchedanato. Sesaṃ vuttanayameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yuganaddhāva</span> <a name="M1.0205"></a> <span class="bld">honti</span> tadā samādhipaññānaṃ samarasatāya icchitabbato. Maggakkhaṇe hi na samathabhāvanāyaṃ viya samādhi, vipassanābhāvanāyaṃ viya ca paññā kiccato adhikā icchitabbā, samarasatāya pana aññamaññassa anativattanaṭṭhena dvepi yuganaddhā viya pavattanti. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘samathavipassanā yuganaddhāva hontī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="centered">Dhammadāyādasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.</p>
<p class="subhead">4. Bhayabheravasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para34"></a><a name="para34_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">34</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V1.0183"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti bhayabheravasuttaṃ. Ko nikkhepo? Keci tāva evamāhu ‘‘pucchāvasiko nikkhepo’’ti. Duvidhā hi pucchā pākaṭāpākaṭabhedato. Tattha yassā desanāya nimittabhūto ñātuṃ icchito attho kiṃ-saddapubbakena pakāsīyati, sā <span class="bld">pākaṭā pucchā</span> yathā ‘‘kiṃsūdha vittaṃ purisassa seṭṭha’’nti evamādi (saṃ. ni. 1.246; su. ni. 183). Yassā pana desanāya nimittabhūto ñātuṃ icchito attho kiṃ-saddarahitena kevaleneva saddapayogena pakāsīyati, sā <span class="bld">apākaṭā pucchā</span>. Ñātuṃ icchito hi attho ‘‘pañhā, pucchā’’ti vuccati, tasmāyeva idha ‘‘ye me bho gotamā’’tiādikā apākaṭāti ‘‘pucchāvasiko nikkhepo’’ti. Tayidaṃ akāraṇaṃ, yasmā so brāhmaṇo ‘‘yeme bho gotamā’’tiādīni vadanto na tattha kaṅkhī vicikicchī saṃsayamāpanno avoca, atha kho attanā yathānicchitamatthaṃ bhagavati pasādabhāvabahumānaṃ pavedento kathesi. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘bhagavati pasādaṃ alatthā’’</span>tiādi (ma. ni. aṭṭha. 1.34). <span class="bld">Vihāre</span>ti vihārake nivāse. <span class="bld">Avicchinneyevā</span>ti pavattamāneyeva. Padadvayassapi vasante evāti attho. <span class="bld">Etaṃ purohitaṭṭhānaṃ</span> uṇhīsādikakudhabhaṇḍehi saddhiṃ laddhaṃ, tathā ca ‘‘assa raññā dinna’’nti vadanti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘taṃ tassa raññā dinna’’</span>nti. Brahmanti vedaṃ. So pana mantabrahmakappavasena tividho. Tattha mantā padhānaṃ mūlabhāvato, ye aṭṭhakādīhi pavuttā, itare tannissayena jātā, tena tesaṃyeva gahaṇaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘mante sajjhāyatī’’</span>ti<a name="M1.0206"></a>. Te hi guttabhāsitabbatāya <span class="bld">‘‘mantā’’</span>ti vuccanti. <span class="bld">Idameva hī</span>ti avadhāraṇena ‘‘brahmato jātā’’tiādikaṃ niruttiṃ paṭikkhipati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yena vā kāraṇenā</span>ti (sārattha. ṭī. verañjakaṇḍavaṇṇanāyaṃ 2; saṃ. ni. ṭī. 1.1.1; a. ni. ṭī. 2.2.16) hetumhi idaṃ karaṇavacanaṃ. Hetuattho hi kiriyākāraṇaṃ, na karaṇaṃ viya kiriyattho, tasmā nānappakāraguṇavisesādhigamatthā idha upasaṅkamanakiriyāti ‘‘annena vasatī’’tiādīsu viya hetuatthamevetaṃ karaṇavacanaṃ yuttaṃ, na karaṇatthaṃ tassa ayujjamānattāti vuttaṃ ‘‘yena vā kāraṇenā’’tiādi. Bhagavato satatappavattaniratisayasāduvipulāmatarasasaddhammaphalatāya sāduphalaniccaphalitamahārukkhena bhagavā upamito, sāduphalūpabhogādhippāyaggahaṇeneva hi mahārukkhassa sāduphalatā gahitāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upasaṅkamī</span>ti <a name="V1.0184"></a> upasaṅkanto. Sampattukāmatāya hi kiñci ṭhānaṃ gacchanto taṃtaṃpadesātikkamanena upasaṅkami, upasaṅkantoti vā vattabbataṃ labhati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘gatoti vuttaṃ hotī’’</span>ti, upagatoti attho. <span class="bld">Upasaṅkamitvā</span>ti pubbakālakiriyāniddesoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘upasaṅkamanapariyosānadīpana’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Tatoti</span> yaṃ ṭhānaṃ patto ‘‘upasaṅkamī’’ti vutto, tato upagataṭṭhānato. <span class="bld">Yathā khamanīyādīni pucchanto</span>ti (saṃ. ni. ṭī. 1.1.112) yathā bhagavā ‘‘kacci te brāhmaṇa khamanīyaṃ, kacci yāpanīya’’ntiādinā khamanīyādīni pucchanto tena brāhmaṇena saddhiṃ samappavattamodo ahosi pubbabhāsitāya, tadanukaraṇena evaṃ sopi brāhmaṇo bhagavatā saddhiṃ samappavattamodo ahosīti yojanā. Taṃ pana samappavattamodataṃ upamāya dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sītodakaṃ viyā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">sammodita</span>nti saṃsanditaṃ. <span class="bld">Ekībhāva</span>nti sammodanakiriyāya samānataṃ ekarūpataṃ. <span class="bld">Khamanīya</span>nti ‘‘idaṃ catucakkaṃ navadvāraṃ sarīrayantaṃ khaṇabhaṅguratāya sabhāvato dussahaṃ, kacci khamituṃ sakkuṇeyya’’nti pucchati. <span class="bld">Yāpanīya</span>nti paccayāyattavuttikaṃ cirappabandhasaṅkhātāya yāpanāya kacci yāpetuṃ sakkuṇeyyaṃ. Sīsarogādiābādhābhāvena <span class="bld">kacci appābādhaṃ. Dukkhajīvikābhāvena kacci appātaṅkaṃ</span>. Taṃtaṃkiccakaraṇe uṭṭhānasukhatāya <span class="bld">kacci lahuṭṭhānaṃ</span>. Tadanarūpabalayogato <span class="bld">kacci balaṃ</span>. Sukhavihārasabbhāvena <span class="bld">kacci phāsuvihāro</span> atthīti tattha tattha kacci-saddaṃ yojetvā attho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Balavappattā <a name="M1.0207"></a> pīti <span class="bld">pīti</span>yeva. Taruṇapīti <span class="bld">pāmojjaṃ</span>. Sammodanaṃ janeti karotīti sammodanikaṃ, tadeva <span class="bld">sammodanīya</span>nti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sammodajananato’’</span>ti. Sammoditabbato <span class="bld">sammodanīya</span>nti imaṃ pana atthaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘sammodituṃ yuttabhāvato’’</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Saritabbabhāvato</span>ti anussaritabbabhāvato. ‘‘Saraṇīya’’nti vattabbe dīghaṃ katvā <span class="bld">‘‘sāraṇīya’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Suyyamānasukhato</span>ti āpāthamadhurataṃ āha, <span class="bld">anussariyamānasukhato</span>ti vimaddaramaṇīyataṃ. <span class="bld">Byañjanaparisuddhatāyā</span>ti sabhāvaniruttibhāvena tassā kathāya vacanacāturiyamāha, <span class="bld">atthaparisuddhatāyā</span>ti atthassa nirupakkilesataṃ. <span class="bld">Anekehi pariyāyehī</span>ti anekehi kāraṇehi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Abhidūraaccāsannapaṭikkhepena nātidūranāccāsannaṃ nāma gahitaṃ, taṃ pana avakaṃsato ubhinnaṃ pasāritahatthasaṅghaṭṭanena daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Gīvaṃ pasāretvā</span>ti gīvaṃ parivattanavasena pasāretvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yeme</span>ti ettha sandhivasena ikāralopoti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘ye ime’’</span>tiādimāha. Uccākulīnatāya jātivasena abhijātā <span class="bld">jātikulaputtā</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘uccākulappasutā’’</span>ti. Ācārasampattiyā <a name="V1.0185"></a> abhijātā <span class="bld">ācārakulaputtā</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ācārasampannā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Yattha katthaci</span> apākaṭepi <span class="bld">kule</span>. Tena brāhmaṇena adhippetā bhikkhūsu duvidhāpi saṃvijjantīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘idha pana dvīhipi kāraṇehi kulaputtāyevā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saddhā</span>ti idaṃ karaṇatthe paccattavacananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘saddhāyā’’</span>ti, <span class="bld">saddhā</span>ti vā saddahitvāti attho. Imasmiṃ pakkhe pāḷiyaṃ ya-kāralopena niddesoti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Agārato</span>ti agāravāsato, uttarapadalopena, nissayūpacārena vā ayaṃ niddesoti. Bhikkhanasīlatādilakkhaṇo bhikkhubhāvo pabbajjāsahacaritāya saddhiṃ bhikkhubhāvaṃ anvācinantoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pabbajjaṃ bhikkhubhāvañcā’’</span>ti. Kammavācālakkhaṇe pana bhikkhubhāve adhippete samuccayattho <span class="bld">ca</span>-saddo daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Anagārassa bhāvo</span>ti etena pabbajjānissito suvisuddho sīlācāraguṇaviseso gahito, kasigorakkhādikammapaṭikkhepo idha anuppādādīhi veditabbo. Sesaggahaṇe pana saraṇagamanādivasena pabbajjāya, saraṇagamanādivasena upasampadāya ca anekabhedattā āha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbathāpī’’</span>ti, tena tena pakārenāti attho. Puratogāmitā paṭipattigamanena, na kāyagamanenāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘nāyako’’</span>ti<a name="M1.0208"></a>, sammāpaṭipattiyā nibbānasampāpakoti attho. <span class="bld">Hitakiriyāyā</span>ti diṭṭhadhammikādihitacariyāya. <span class="bld">Gāhaṇaṃ</span> adhisīlādīsu accantāya niyojanaṃ, na kathanamattanti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘gāhetā’’</span>ti vatvā <span class="bld">‘‘sikkhāpetā’’</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhānugati</span>nti diṭṭhiyā anugamananti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘dassanānugati’’</span>nti vatvā sikkhāttayasaṅgahaṃ bhagavato sāsanaṃ tena diṭṭhattā diṭṭhi, tassa tasseva khamanavasena khanti, ruccanavasena ruci, taṃdiṭṭhikhantirucikāva bhagavato sāvakāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃdiṭṭhiko’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Esa kira alatthāti sambandho. <span class="bld">Devaputte viyā</span>tiādi kassaci pārijuññassa abhāvadīpanato ‘‘saddhāyā’’tiādinā vuttassa pabbajitabhāvassa pākaṭīkaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Saddhāya gharā nikkhamma pabbajitvā</span>ti idaṃ haṭṭhapahaṭṭhādibhāvassa kāraṇavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ghāsacchādanaparamatāya santuṭṭhe</span>ti idaṃ anussaṅkitāparisaṅkitatāya kāraṇavacananti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evameta</span>ntiādinā āmeḍitavacanaṃ sampahaṃsanavasena, pasādavasena vā katanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Tathā hi evaṃ-saddo sampaṭicchanattho abbhanumodanattho ca vutto. <span class="bld">Mama</span>nti upayogatthe sāmivacanaṃ, nipātapadaṃ vā etaṃ ‘‘ma’’nti iminā samānatthanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Ādīnī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena najīvikāpakatādiṃ saṅgaṇhāti <span class="bld">īdisānaṃyevā</span>ti saddhāpabbajjāya vibhāvitaanabhijjhāluādisabhāvānaṃyeva, na itaresaṃ abhijjhālusabhāvānaṃ. Vuttañhetaṃ –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Saṅghāṭikaṇṇe <a name="V1.0186"></a> cepi me, bhikkhave, bhikkhu gahetvā piṭṭhito piṭṭhito anubandho assa pade padaṃ nikkhipanto, so ca hoti abhijjhālu kāmesu tibbasārāgo byāpannacitto paduṭṭhamanasaṅkappo muṭṭhassati asampajāno asamāhito vibbhantacitto pākaṭindriyo, atha kho ārakāva mama ahañca tassā’’ti (itivu. 92).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ajjhogāhetvā adhippetatthaṃ sambhavituṃ sādhetuṃ dukkhānīti <span class="bld">durabhisambhavāni</span>. Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ pana tattha nivāsoyeva dukkhoti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sambhavituṃ dukkhāni dussahānī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Araññavanapatthānī</span>ti araññalakkhaṇappattāni vanasaṇḍāni. Vanapattha-saddo hi saṇḍabhūte rukkhasamūhepi vattatīti <a name="M1.0209"></a> araññaggahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Kiñcāpī</span>ti anujānanasambhāvanatthe nipāto. Kiṃ anujānāti? Nippariyāyato araññābhāvaṃ ‘‘gāmato bahi arañña’’nti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘nippariyāyenā’’</span>tiādi. Kiṃ sambhāveti? Āraññakaṅganipphādakattaṃ. Yañhi āraññakaṅganipphādakaṃ, taṃ visesato ‘‘arañña’’nti vuttanti. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ taṃ pañcadhanusatika’’</span>ntiādi. <span class="bld">Nikkhamitvā bahi</span> <span class="bld">indakhīlā</span>ti indakhīlato bahi nikkhamitvā, tato bahi paṭṭhāyāti attho. <span class="bld">Bahi indakhīlā</span>ti yattha dve tīṇi indakhīlāni, tattha bahiddhā indakhīlato paṭṭhāya, yattha taṃ natthi, tattha tadarahaṭṭhānato paṭṭhāyāti vadanti. Yasmā bahi indakhīlato paṭṭhāya manussūpacāre bhayabheravaṃ natthi, tasmā idha nādhippetanti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gāmanta</span>nti gāmasamīpaṃ. <span class="bld">Anupacāraṭṭhāna</span>nti niccakiccavasena nupacaritabbaṭṭhānaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yattha na kasīyati na vapīyatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Pantānī</span>ti iminā ‘‘pariyantāna’’nti imassa pariyāyassa idha pāḷiyaṃ gahitattā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pariyantānanti imamekaṃ pariyāyaṃ ṭhapetvā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Dūrāna</span>nti pana ayaṃ pariyāyo ṭhapetabbo siyā tassāpi ‘‘pantānī’’ti imināva atthato gahitattā, tathā sati ‘‘na manussūpacārāna’’nti edisānampi ṭhapetabbatā āpajjati, tasmā saddato eva ṭhapanaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Paviveka</span>nti pakārato, pakārehi vā vivecanaṃ, rūpādiputhuttārammaṇe pakārato gamanādiiriyāpathappakārehi attano kāyassa vivecanaṃ gacchatopi tiṭṭhatopi nisajjatopi ekasseva pavattati. Teneva hi vivecetabbānaṃ vivecanākārassa ca bhedato bahuvidhattā te ekattena gahetvā ‘‘paviveka’’nti ekavacanena vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Dukkaraṃ paviveka</span>nti vā pavivekaṃ kattuṃ na sukhanti attho. <span class="bld">Ekībhāve</span>ti ekikabhāve. <span class="bld">Dvayaṃdvayārāmo</span>ti dvinnaṃ dvinnaṃ bhāvābhirato. <span class="bld">Haranti viyā</span>ti saṃharanti viya vighātuppādanena. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ghasanti viyā’’</span>ti, bhayasantāsuppādanena khādituṃ āgatā yakkharakkhasapisācādayo viyāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Īdisassā</span>ti aladdhasamādhino. <span class="bld">Tiṇapaṇṇamigādisaddehī</span>ti vāteritānaṃ tiṇapaṇṇādīnaṃ migapakkhiādīnañca <a name="V1.0187"></a> bhiṃsanakehi bheravehi saddehi <span class="bld">vividhehi ca</span> aññehi khāṇuādīhi yakkhādiākārehi upaṭṭhitehi <span class="bld">bhiṃsanakehi</span>. Evaṃ dukkaraṃ durabhisambhavaṃ nāma karonto aho acchariyā eteti <span class="bld">vimhito</span>.</p>
<p class="subhead">Kāyakammantavārakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para35"></a><a name="para35_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">35</span>. <span class="bld">Soḷasasu</span> <a name="M1.0210"></a> <span class="bld">ṭhānesū</span>ti ‘‘ye kho kecī’’tiādinā pāḷiyaṃ vakkhamānesu soḷasasu kāraṇesu. Aparisuddhakāyakammantatādayo araññe viharantānaṃ cittutrāsanimittatāya visesato vikkhepāvahā, parisuddhakāyakammantatādayo pana tadabhāvato tesaṃ avikkhepāvahā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘aparisuddhakāyakammantasandosahetū’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Soḷasasū</span>ti ca vodānapakkhaṃyeva gahetvā vuttaṃ. Saṃkilesaggahaṇampi yāvadeva vodānadassanatthanti. <span class="bld">Ārammaṇapariggaharahitāna</span>nti aparisuddhakāyakammantādikassa araññe diṭṭhassa tassa ārammaṇassa <span class="bld">‘‘ye kho kecī’’</span>tiādinā pāḷiyaṃ āgatanayena pariggaṇhanañāṇarahitānaṃ. <span class="bld">Ārammaṇapariggahayuttāna</span>nti ettha vuttavipariyāyena attho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Attanā</span>ti bhagavantaṃ sandhāya vadati, sayanti attho. <span class="bld">Tādiso</span>ti ārammaṇapariggahayutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sambujjhati etenāti <span class="bld">sambodho,</span> ariyamaggoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ariyamaggappattito’’</span>ti. Aggamaggādhigamādhīno buddhānaṃ sabbaññutaññāṇādhigamoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘anabhisambuddhassāti appaṭividdhacatusaccassā’’</span>ti. Anavasesato ñeyyaṃ, bujjhituṃ arahatīti <span class="bld">bodhi,</span> mahāvīriyatādinā tattha visesayogato sattoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘bujjhanakasattassā’’</span>ti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sammāsambodhi’’</span>ntiādi. Niyatabhāvappattito paṭṭhāya mahāsattā yathā mahābodhiyānapaṭipadā hānabhāgiyā, ṭhitibhāgiyā vā na hoti, atha kho visesabhāgiyā nibbedhabhāgiyā ca hoti, tathā paṭipajjanato bodhiyaṃ ninnagoṇapabbhārā evāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘bodhiyā vā sattasseva laggassevā’’</span>ti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘dīpaṅkarassa hī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhadhammasamodhānenā</span>ti –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Manussattaṃ liṅgasampatti, hetu satthāradassanaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Pabbajjā guṇasampatti, adhikāro ca chandatā’’ti. (bu. vaṃ. 2.59) –</p>
<p class="bodytext">Imesaṃ abhinīhārassa aṅgabhūtānaṃ aṭṭhannaṃ dhammānaṃ samodhānena samavadhānena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pabbajjūpagatā</span>ti <a name="V1.0188"></a><a name="M1.0211"></a> pabbajjaṃ upagatā. Tena pabbajjāmattena samaṇā, na samitapāpatāyāti dasseti. Jātimattena idha <span class="bld">brāhmaṇā</span>ti adhippetāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘bhovādino vā’’</span>ti. Te hi ‘‘bho bho’’ti vadanasīlā, tenāha ‘‘bhovādī nāma so hoti, sace hoti sakiñcano’’ti (dha. pa. 396; su. ni. 625). <span class="bld">Pāṇātipātādinā</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena adinnādānaṃ abrahmacariyañca saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Aparisuddhenā</span>ti ca visesanaṃ kāyakammantāpekkhāya, na pāṇātipātādiapekkhāya. Na hi pāṇātipātādiko tassa pubbabhāgapayogo ca koci parisuddho nāma atthi. Bhāyanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">bhayaṃ,</span> bhīrutāvahaṭṭhena <span class="bld">bheravaṃ</span>. <span class="bld">Sandosahetū</span>ti sadosahetu. Sa-saddo hi idha sānusāro vutto. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘attano dosassa hetū’’</span>ti. Ekantena cittutrāsalakkhaṇassa bhayassa vasena <span class="bld">‘‘sāvajja’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. Cittutrāso hi ekantasāvajjo bhāyanaṭṭhena bhayañcāti. <span class="bld">Akkhema</span>nti idaṃ ubhayavasena. Cittutrāsopi hi sarīracittānaṃ anatthāvahato akkhema, tathā <span class="bld">bhayānakārammaṇampī</span>ti. Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ pana atthadvayaṃ yathāsaṅkhyaṃ yojitaṃ. Sayaṃ parikappitabhayānakārammaṇanimittaṃ cittutrāsasamuppādanavasena ānentā bhayabheravaṃ avhāyanti viya hontīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘avhāyantīti pakkosantī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Te</span>ti māritamanussānaṃ ñātimittādayo. <span class="bld">Gacchaṃ</span> gahanabhūtaṃ mahantaṃ kaṇṭakasaṇḍaṃ, <span class="bld">gumbaṃ</span> nātimahantanti vadanti. <span class="bld">Gaccha</span>nti pana tiṇavanaṃ veditabbaṃ, ‘‘gacche ruḷhatiṇe’’ti vuttaṃ, <span class="bld">gumbaṃ</span> kaṇṭakalatādibharitāviruḷhaṃ. <span class="bld">Baddhā vadhitā viyā</span>ti baddhā hutvā tāḷiyamānā viya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Na kho panā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">kho</span>ti avadhāraṇatthe nipāto, <span class="bld">panā’’</span>ti visesatthe. Tenetaṃ dasseti ‘‘aññe samaṇabrāhmaṇā viya ahaṃ aparisuddhakāyakammanto hutvā araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni na kho pana paṭisevāmi, parisuddhakāyakammantoyeva pana hutvā tāni paṭisevāmī’’ti. Evaṃ vā ettha atthayojanā veditabbā. ‘‘Parisuddhakāyakammantohamasmī’’ti hi tena avadhāraṇena vibhāvitatthadassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Tesamahaṃ aññataro</span>ti tāya parisuddhakāyakammatāya tesaṃ ariyānaṃ ahaṃ aññataroti kāyakammapārisuddhiyā mahāsatto attānaṃ ariyesu pakkhipati. Paramasallekhabhāvappattā hi tadā bodhisattassa kāyakammapārisuddhi<a name="M1.0212"></a>, tathā vacīkammādipārisuddhi, yato māro randhagavesī hutvā chabbassāni nirantaraṃ anubandho antaraṃ na labhati. Tenāha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Satta vassāni bhagavantaṃ, anubandhiṃ padāpadaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Otāraṃ nādhigacchissaṃ, sambuddhassa satīmato’’ti. (su. ni. 448);</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhiyyo</span>ti <a name="V1.0189"></a> adhikaṃ savisesaṃ, uparūpari vā. Bhītatasitā bhayūpaddavena chambhitasarīrā haṭṭhalomā honti, abhītātasitā pana bhayūpaddavābhāvato ahaṭṭhalomā khemena sotthinā tiṭṭhantīti tesaṃ khemappatti sotthibhāvo vā pannalomatāya pākaṭo hotīti pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘palloma’’nti vuttaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘pannalomata’’</span>ntiādi. Ettha ca <span class="bld">bhiyyo pallomamāpādiṃ araññe vihārāyā</span>ti paṭiññāniddeso. <span class="bld">Parisuddhakāyakammantohamasmī</span>ti hetudassanaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Ye hi vo ariyā’’</span>ti sadisūdāharaṇadassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ye kho keci samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā</span>ti visadisūdāharaṇadassanaṃ. Sesāni anvayabyatirekavibhāvanānīti daṭṭhabbanti ayamettha yuttivibhāvanā. Iminā nayena sesavāresupi yuttivibhāvanā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="centered">Kāyakammantavārakathāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Vacīkammantavārādikathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para36"></a><a name="para36_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">36</span>. <span class="bld">Aparisuddhena musāvādādinā</span>ti ettha yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ heṭṭhā vuttanayameva. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena pana saṅgahitaṃ tesañca musāvādādīnaṃ pavattibhedaṃ bhayabheravāvhānamukhena dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘katha’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ heṭṭhā vuttameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhaṇḍesū</span>ti saviññāṇakāviññāṇakesu bhaṇḍesu. <span class="bld">Uppādetvā</span>ti attano pariṇāmavasena abhijjhāsaṅkhātaṃ visamalobhaṃ uppādetvā. <span class="bld">Kujjhitvā</span>ti vināsacintāvasena parassa kujjhitvā. Evañhi nesaṃ ‘‘yesaṃ aparajjhimhā, te idāni anubandhitvā’’tiādinā pacchā āsaṅkuppatti siyā. ‘‘Ete amhākaṃ pariggahavatthuṃ gahetukāmā maññe, vināsaṃ kātukāmā maññe’’ti yathā pare parato tesaṃ abhijjhābyāpādappavattiṃ pariggaṇhanti, tādisaṃ <a name="M1.0213"></a> manokammantaṃ sandhāya <span class="bld">‘‘te paresa’’</span>ntiādi vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Kāmaṃ akusalakāyakammavacīkammapavattikālepi abhijjhādayo pavattantiyeva, tadā pana te cetanāpakkhikā vā abbohārikā vāti manokammantavāre eva abhijjhādivasena yojanā katā. Atha vā dvārantare pavattānampi pāṇātipātādīnaṃ vacīkammādibhāvābhāvo viya dvārantare pavattānampi abhijjhādīnaṃ kāyakammādibhāvābhāvo, manokammabhāvo eva pana siddhoti katvā manokammantavāre eva abhijjhādayo uddhaṭā. Tathā hi vuttaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Dvāre <a name="V1.0190"></a> caranti kammāni, na dvārā dvāracārino;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tasmā dvārehi kammāni, aññamaññaṃ vavatthitā’’ti. (dha. sa. aṭṭha. 1.kāyakammadvāra);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kiñcāpi aṭṭhakathāyaṃ sāsane pabbajitavasena ājīvavāre bhayabheravāvhānaṃ yojitaṃ, ‘‘ye kho keci samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā’’ti pana vacanato bāhirakavasena gahaṭṭhavasena ca yojanā veditabbā. Gahaṭṭhānampi hi jātidhammakuladhammadesadhammavilomanavasena aññathāpi micchājīvo labbhateva, tāya eva ca ājīvavipattiyā aññathā vā nesaṃ araññavāso sambhaveyyāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para37"></a><a name="para37_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">37</span>. Evaṃ ājīvaṭṭhamakasīlavasena bhayabheravaṃ dassetvā tato paraṃ nīvaraṇappahānādivasena taṃ dassetuṃ desanā vaḍḍhitāti tadatthaṃ vivaranto <span class="bld">‘‘ito para’’</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">nīvaraṇavasena puna vuttā</span>ti ayamadhippāyo – evaṃ sīlavisuddhimattampi araññe viharato bhayabheravābhāvaṃ āvahati, kimaṅgaṃ pana nīvaraṇāni pahāya appanāsamādhiṃ, upacārasamādhimeva vā sampādayatoti samādhisampadāya bhayabheravābhāvahetukaṃ dassetuṃ upari desanā vaḍḍhitāti akusalamanokammantabhāvena gahitāpi abhijjhābyāpādā nīvaraṇavasena puna vuttāti adhippāyo. Abhi-pubbo jhā-saddo abhijjhāyanatthoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘parabhaṇḍādiabhijjhāyanasīlā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Vatthukāmesū</span>ti rūpādīsu kilesakāmassa vatthubhūtesu kāmesu. <span class="bld">Bahalakilesarāgā</span>ti thiramūladummocanīyatāhi ajjhosāne pabhūtakilesakāmā. Abhijjhā cettha appattavisayapatthanā, tibbasārāgo sampattivisayābhiniveso. Te <a name="M1.0214"></a> hi lobhābhibhūtā puggalā attani tibbasāpekkhatāya eva lobhābhibhūtatāya avavatthitārammaṇā avinicchitavisayā araññe taṃ taṃ visayaṃ anupadhāritvā viharanti, rajjuādīni yāthāvato na sallakkhenti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tesa’’</span>ntiādi. <span class="bld">Upaṭṭhāti</span> santacittatāya. Tathā hi vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ākulacittā’’</span>ti. ‘‘Idānimha naṭṭhā’’ti tasanti vitasanti, āgantvā bādhiyamānā viya honti, evaṃ taṃ bhayabheravaṃ attani samāropanaṭṭhena avhāyanti pakkosantīti yojanaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘sesaṃ tādisamevā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">‘‘Anabhijjhāluhamasmī’’</span>ti pāḷipade ciraparicitaalobhajjhāsayatāya kamaladale jalabindu viya alaggamānasattā sabbattha anapekkhohamasmīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para38"></a><a name="para38_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">38</span>. <span class="bld">Pakatibhāvavijahanenā</span>ti parisuddhabhāvasaṅkhātassa ca pakatibhāvassa vijahanena. Sāvajjadhammasamuppattiyā hi cittassa anavajjabhāvo jahito hotīti. <span class="bld">Vipannacittā</span>ti kilesāsucidūsitatāya <a name="V1.0191"></a> kuthitacittā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kilesānugataṃ…pe… pūtikaṃ hotī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Paduṭṭhamanasaṅkappā</span>ti visasaṃsaṭṭhamuttaṃ viya dosena padūsitacittasaṅkappā. <span class="bld">Vuttanayenevā</span>ti ‘‘te avavatthitārammaṇā hontī’’tiādinā abhijjhāluvāre vuttanayeneva. Yathā hi lobhavasena, evaṃ dosādivasenapi avavatthitārammaṇā hontīti. <span class="bld">Sabbatthā</span>ti heṭṭhā upari cāti sabbattha ṭhānesu vaṇṇetabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para39"></a><a name="para39_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">39</span>. ‘‘Yā cittassa akallatā akammaññatā’’ti vacanato thinaṃ cittassa gelaññabhāvena gahaṇaṃ gacchatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘cittagelaññabhūtena thinenā’’</span>ti. Tathā ‘‘yā kāyassa akallatā akammaññatā’’ti (dha. sa. 1163) vacanato middhaṃ visesato nāmakāyassa gelaññabhāvena gahaṇaṃ gacchatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sesanāmakāyagelaññabhūtena middhenā’’</span>ti. Sesaggahaṇañcettha cittanivattanatthaṃ. Idañca middhaṃ rūpakāyassapi gelaññāvahanti daṭṭhabbaṃ niddāya hetubhāvato. Tathā hi taṃ ‘‘niddā capalāyikā’’ti niddiṭṭhaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘te niddābahulā hontī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para40"></a><a name="para40_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">40</span>. <span class="bld">Uddhaccapakatikā</span>ti uddhaccasīlā anavaṭṭhitasabhāvā. Anavaṭṭhānarasañhi uddhaccaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vipphandamānacittā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Idhā</span>ti ‘‘avūpasantacittā’’ti imasmiṃ <a name="M1.0215"></a> pade. <span class="bld">Kukkuccaṃ gahetuṃ vaṭṭati</span> saṃvaṇṇanāvasena pacchānutāpassapi cittassa avūpasamakarattā. Uddhaccaṃ pana sarūpeneva gahitanti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para41"></a><a name="para41_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">41</span>. <span class="bld">Ekamevidaṃ pañcamaṃ nīvaraṇaṃ</span> yadidaṃ kaṅkhā vicikicchāti ca. Yadi evaṃ kasmā dvidhā katvā vuttanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kiṃ nu kho’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Kaṅkhanato</span>ti saṃsayanato. <span class="bld">Vicikicchāti vuccati</span> ‘‘dhammasabhāvaṃ vicinanto etāya kicchati, vigatā tikicchā vā’’ti katvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para42"></a><a name="para42_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">42</span>. Evaṃ nīvaraṇābhāvakittanamukhena samādhisampadāya bhayabheravābhāvaṃ dassetvā idāni attukkaṃsanādiabhāvakittanamukhena paññāsampadāya bhayabheravābhāvaṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘ye kho kecī’’tiādinā upari desanā vaḍḍhitā, tadatthaṃ vivarituṃ <span class="bld">‘‘attukkaṃsanakā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ukkaṃsenti</span> mānavasena paggaṇhanena. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ucce ṭhāne ṭhapentī’’</span>ti. Thinamiddhauddhaccakukkuccavicikicchāvāresu gayhamānaṃ abhijjhāluvārasadisanti tattha taṃ anāmasitvā attukkaṃsakavāre kiñci visadisaṃ atthīti taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘te katha’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para43"></a><a name="para43_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">43</span>. Chambhanaṃ <a name="V1.0192"></a> chambho, kāyassa chambhitattahetubhūto balavacittutrāso. So etesaṃ atthīti <span class="bld">chambhī</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kāyathambhanā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Bhīrukajātikā</span>ti bhāyanakasīlā. Ekameva cetaṃ sāvajjabhayaṃ kāye chambhitattassa, citte ca kāye ca thaddhabhāvassa uppādanavasena ‘‘chambho bhīrutā’’ti ca vuccatīti taṃsamaṅgino samaṇabrāhmaṇā ‘‘chambhī bhīrukajātikā’’ti vuttā, idha bhayabheravaṃ sarūpeneva gahitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para44"></a><a name="para44_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">44</span>. <span class="bld">Labbhati pāpuṇīyatī</span>ti lābhasaddassa kammasādhanattamāha. Sakkaccaṃ kātabbo dātabboti <span class="bld">sakkāro. Tadatthadīpaka</span>nti lābhādiṃ pahāya araññe vasato bhayabheravāvhāyanaṃ natthīti dīpakaṃ. So kira lābhagarutāyeva piyo gāmo etassāti <span class="bld">‘‘piyagāmiko’’</span>ti nāmaṃ labhati. <span class="bld">Kammamutto</span>ti jarājiṇṇattā kammaṃ kātuṃ na sakkotīti sāmikehi vissaṭṭho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para45"></a><a name="para45_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">45</span>. Alasabhāvena <a name="M1.0216"></a> sammāvāyāmassa akaraṇato kucchitaṃ sīdantīti <span class="bld">kusītā</span>. Vīrassa bhāvo, kammaṃ vā vīriyaṃ, vidhinā vā īretabbaṃ pavattetabbanti vīriyaṃ, sammāvāyāmo. Tena hīnā<span class="bld"> hīnavīriyā</span>. Kāyaviññattiyā samuṭṭhānavasena pavattavīriyaṃ <span class="bld">kāyikavīriyaṃ,</span> vattakaraṇacaṅkamanādīsu daṭṭhabbaṃ. Nisajja sayitvā ca kammaṭṭhānamanasikāravasena pavattavīriyaṃ <span class="bld">cetasikavīriyaṃ</span>. Tattha purimaṃ visesato kosajjapaṭipakkhatāvasena, dutiyaṃ vīriyārambhatāvasena pākaṭaṃ hotīti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘kusītā’’</span>tiādimāha. Te hi hīnavīriyā alasatāyeva ārammaṇavavatthānamattampi kātuṃ na sakkonti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para46"></a><a name="para46_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">46</span>. <span class="bld">Naṭṭhassatī</span>ti alabbhamānassati, paccayavekallena vijjamānāyapi satiyā satikiccaṃ kātuṃ asamatthatāya evaṃ vuttaṃ. Na sampajānāti asampajānā. Taṃyoganivattiyañcāyaṃ <span class="bld">a</span>-kāro ‘‘ahetukā dhammā (dha. sa. 2.dukamātikā), abhikkhuko āvāso’’tiādīsu (cūḷava. 76) viyāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘paññārahitā’’</span>ti. Nanu soḷasamo paññāvāro, ayaṃ sativāro, tattha kasmā saṃkilesapakkhe paññā gahitāti codanaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘imassa cā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Satibhājanīyamevetaṃ,</span> yadidaṃ cuddasamo vāro, paññā panettha cuddasame vāre kevalā sati dubbalāti <span class="bld">satidubbalyadīpanatthaṃ</span> ‘‘asampajānā’’ti paṭikkhepamukhena <span class="bld">vuttā</span>. Idāni vuttamevatthaṃ pākaṭataraṃ kātuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘duvidhā hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para47"></a><a name="para47_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">47</span>. Appanāsamādhinā, upacārasamādhinā vā cittaṃ ārammaṇe samaṃ, sammā vā āhitaṃ nāma hoti, nāññathāti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘asamāhitāti upacārappanāsamādhivirahitā’’</span>ti āha<a name="V1.0193"></a>. <span class="bld">Vibbhantacittā</span>ti anavaṭṭhitacittā. Pubbe nīvaraṇabhāvasāmaññena uddhaccaṃ gahitaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘uddhatā avūpasantacittā’’</span>ti, idha samādhānābhāvena uddhaccahetuko cittavibbhamo vutto <span class="bld">‘‘asamāhitā vibbhantacittā’’</span>ti, ayametesaṃ viseso. <span class="bld">Pubbe vuttanayenā</span>ti pubbe ‘‘uddhaccena hi ekārammaṇe cittaṃ vipphandati dhajayaṭṭhiyaṃ vātena paṭākā viyā’’ti (ma. ni. aṭṭha. 1.40) vuttanayena. <span class="bld">Sabbaṃ pubbasadisamevā</span>ti bhayabheravāvhāyanassa abhijjhāluvāre vuttasadisataṃ sandhāya vadati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para48"></a><a name="para48_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">48</span>. <span class="bld">Duppaññā</span>ti <a name="M1.0217"></a> ettha <span class="bld">du</span>-saddo ‘‘dussīlo’’tiādīsu viya abhāvattho, na ‘‘duggati, duppaṭipanno’’tiādīsu viya garahatthoti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘nippaññānametaṃ adhivacana’’</span>nti vatvā <span class="bld">‘‘paññā pana duṭṭhā nāma natthī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Te</span>ti duppaññā. <span class="bld">Sabbatthā</span>ti catūsupi pāṭhavikappesu. <span class="bld">Ela</span>nti vā doso vuccati. Tenāha ‘‘yā sā vācā nelā kaṇṇasukhā’’ti. Tathā hi sīlaṃ ‘‘nelaṅga’’nti vuttaṃ. Duppaññā ca kathentā sadosameva kathaṃ kathenti apaṇḍitabhāvato. Tenevāha ‘‘dubbhāsitabhāsī’’ti. Tasmā elasabbhāvato elaṃ mukhaṃ etesanti elamūgāti vuttāti evampi vā ettha attho daṭṭhabbo. Yāya paññāya vasena ‘‘paññāsampanno’’ti vuttaṃ, taṃ byatirekamukhena dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘no ca kho’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Nanu ca bodhisattā bahulavipassanāpaññāya samannāgatā hontīti? Honti, tadā pana bodhisattena na vipassanārambho kato, no ca vipassanāpaññā adhippetāti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘no ca kho vipassanāpaññāyā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Keci panettha ‘‘saddhāvirahitā aparisuddhakāyakammantādayo viya bhayabheravāvhāyanassa visesakāraṇaṃ, nāpi saddhālutā pallomatāyāti saddhāvāro anuddhaṭo’’ti vadanti, taṃ akāraṇaṃ. Kammaphale hi saddahanto kammapaṭisaraṇataṃyeva nissāya bhayabheravaṃ tiṇāyapi amaññamāno pallomatamāpajjeyya. Yasmā pana vīriyādayo saddhāya vinā nappavattantīti tesaṃ upanissayabhūtā sahajātā ca sā taggahaṇeneva gahitā hotīti visuṃ na uddhaṭā. Tathā hi sā jhānassa pubbabhāgapaṭipadāyampi na uddhaṭā, kiṃ vā etāya saddhāya, addhā sā imasmiṃ ārammaṇapariggahaṭṭhāne na gahetabbāva, tato dhammassāminā idha na uddhaṭā, evaṃ aññesupi edisesu ṭhānesu nicchayo kātabbo. Yathānulomadesanā hi suttantakathāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Vacīkammantavārādikathāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Soḷasaṭṭhānārammaṇapariggaho niṭṭhito.</p>
<p class="subhead">Bhayabheravasenāsanādivaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para49"></a><a name="para49_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">49</span>. <span class="bld">Soḷasārammaṇānī</span>ti <a name="V1.0194"></a> soḷasaṭṭhānāni ārammaṇāni. <span class="bld">Evarūpāsu rattīsū</span>ti cātuddasīādikā upari vakkhamānā rattiyo sandhāya vadati<a name="M1.0218"></a>. <span class="bld">Evarūpe senāsane</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Yā</span>ti aniyamato uddiṭṭhānaṃ puna ‘‘tā’’ti vacanaṃ niddeso viya hotīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yā tāti ubhayametaṃ rattīnaṃyeva uddesaniddesavacana’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Abhīti lakkhaṇatthe</span> ‘‘aññe ca abhiññātā brāhmaṇamahāsālā’’tiādīsu viya. Kathaṃ panettha lakkhaṇatthatā veditabbā? Lakkhīyati etenāti lakkhaṇanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘candapāripūriyā’’</span>tiādi. Puṇṇamāsiyaṃ <span class="bld">candapāripūriyā</span> amāvāsiyaṃ <span class="bld">candaparikkhayena</span>. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena candassa upaḍḍhamaṇḍalatārāhuggahatādīnaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Upasaggamattameva</span> abhi-saddo lakkhitasaddeneva lakkhaṇatthassa viññāyamānattāti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭhamadivasato pabhutī</span>ti paṭhamapāṭipadadivasato paṭṭhāya. Yasmā codako bhagavato kāle anabhilakkhitāpi aparabhāge abhilakkhitā jātā, tasmā taṃ abhilakkhaṇīyataṃ upādāya <span class="bld">‘‘sabbadassinā bhagavatā pañcamī kasmā na gahitā’’</span>ti codeti, itaro sabbakālikāsu cātuddasīādīsu gayhamānāsu asabbakālikāya kathaṃ gahaṇanti adhippāyena <span class="bld">‘‘asabbakālikattā’’</span>ti pariharati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tathāvidhāsū</span>ti ‘‘abhiññātā’’tiādinā yathā vuttā, tathāvidhāsu. Devatādhiṭṭhitabhāvena ārāmādīnaṃ lokassa cetiyabhāvoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pūjanīyaṭṭhenā’’</span>ti. Manussā yebhuyyena gāmādīnaṃ dvāresu tathārūpe rukkhe cetiyaṭṭhāniye katvā voharantīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘gāmanigamādidvāresū’’</span>tiādi. Dassanamattenapi savanamattenapi bhayuppādanena pākatikasatte bhiṃsentīti <span class="bld">bhiṃsanakāni</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘bhayajanakānī’’</span>tiādi. Bhāyati etasmāti <span class="bld">bhayaṃ,</span> ativiya sappaṭibhayaṃ <span class="bld">bheravaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āyācanaupahārakaraṇāraha</span>nti taṃtaṃbalikammapaṇidhikammakaraṇayoggaṃ. <span class="bld">Pupphadhūpa…pe… dharaṇitala</span>nti idaṃ yathāpaṭisūtena suppādinā upahārakaraṇadassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Koṭṭento</span>ti paharanto, siṅgappahārakhurappahārehi saddaṃ karontoti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Sabbacatuppadānaṃ idha magoti nāmaṃ,</span> na ‘‘acchacammaṃ migacammaṃ eḷakacamma’’ntiādīsu (mahāva. 259) viya, rohitotiādi migavisesānanti <a name="M1.0219"></a> adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Cāletvā</span>ti aggamaddanena cāletvā. Moraggahaṇañcettha upalakkhaṇanti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘idha sabbapakkhigahaṇaṃ adhippeta’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Esa nayo</span>ti idaṃ yathā ‘‘moro vā’’ti <a name="V1.0195"></a> ettha vā-saddo avuttavikappanattho, evaṃ ‘‘migo vā’’ti etthāpīti migasaddassa visesatthavuttitaṃ sandhāyāha. <span class="bld">Ito pabhūtī</span>ti ‘‘yaṃnūnāhaṃ yā tā rattiyo’’tiādinā bhayabheravassa gavesanacintanato pabhuti, na gavesanārambhato pabhuti. ‘‘Appeva nāmāhaṃ bhayabheravaṃ passeyya’’nti etthāpi hi <span class="bld">ārammaṇameva bhayabheravaṃ</span>. <span class="bld">Sukhārammaṇaṃ rūpaṃ sukhamiva</span> ‘‘rūpaṃ sukhaṃ sukhānupatitaṃ sukhāvakkanta’’ntiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 3.60). Kathaṃ bhayaggahaṇena ca rūpārammaṇaggahaṇanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘parittassa cā’’</span>tiādi. ‘‘Āgacchatī’’ti vacanato gavesanārambhato pabhuti ‘‘etaṃ bhaya’’nti ārammaṇaṃ adhippetanti keci ‘‘taṃ na passeyya’’nti cakkhunā dassanassa adhippetattā, tasmā vuttanayeneva attho gahetabbo. <span class="bld">Bhayaṃ ākaṅkhamāno</span>ti upaparikkhanavasena ahaṃ bhayavatthuṃ ākaṅkhanto viharāmi, taṃ kimatthiyaṃ, ettakopi bhayasamannāhāro mayhaṃ ayuttoti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yaṃ pakāraṃ bhūto yathābhūto, so panettha pakāro iriyāpathavasena yutto pāḷiyaṃ tathā āgatattāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yena yena iriyāpathena bhūtassā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Bhavitassā</span>ti idaṃ ‘‘bhūtassā’’ti iminā samānatthaṃ padanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. ‘‘Samaṅgībhūtassā’’ti padaṃ purimapadalopena <span class="bld">bhūtassā</span>ti vuttanti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘samaṅgībhūtassa vā’’</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Bhayabheravārammaṇe</span>ti bhayabheravābhimate ārammaṇe. <span class="bld">Neva mahāsatto tiṭṭhatī</span>tiādi ‘‘tathābhūto ca taṃ paṭivineyya’’nti yathā cintitaṃ, tathā paṭipannabhāvadassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Iriyāpathapaṭipāṭi</span> nāma ṭhānagamananisajjānipajjāti vadanti, uppaṭipāṭi pana paṭhamaṃ nipajjā, puna nisajjā, puna ṭhānaṃ, pacchā gamananti evaṃ veditabbā. <span class="bld">Āsannapaṭipāṭiyā</span>ti gamanassa tāva ṭhānaṃ āsannaṃ, ṭhānassa nisajjā gamanañca, nisajjāya nipajjā ṭhānañca, nipajjāya nisajjā āsannā. Idha pana gamanassa ṭhānaṃ, ṭhānassa ca gamanaṃ, nisajjāya ca nipajjā, nipajjāya ca nisajjā āsannabhāvena gahitā, itare paramparāvasenāti veditabbā. Bhikkhussa pana iriyāpathā sampattapaṭipāṭiyā viya aparāparuppattivasena vuccanti.</p>
<p class="centered">Bhayabheravasenāsanādivaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Asammohavihāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para50"></a><a name="para50_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">50</span>. Ayañca <a name="M1.0220"></a> me sabbaso bhayabheravābhāvo visesato asammohadhammattāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘santi</span> <a name="V1.0196"></a> <span class="bld">kho panā’’</span>tiādinā upari desanā vaḍḍhitāti ayaṃ vā ettha anusandhi. <span class="bld">Jhāyīnaṃ sammohaṭṭhānesū</span>ti iminā ajjhāyīnaṃ sammohaṭṭhānesu vattabbameva natthīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Atthī</span>ti idaṃ nipātapadaṃ puthuvacanampi hoti ‘‘atthi imasmiṃ kāye kesā’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 2.373-374; ma. ni. 1.110; 3.154; saṃ. ni. 4.127; khu. pā. 3.dvatiṃsākāra) viyāti ‘‘santī’’ti padassa atthadassanavasena vuttaṃ. Kiṃ khaṇattayasamaṅgitāya te atthi, noti āha <span class="bld">‘‘saṃvijjanti upalabbhantī’’</span>ti, mahati lokasannivāse edisāpi <span class="bld">saṃvijjanti</span> ñāṇena gahetabbatāya <span class="bld">upalabbhantī</span>ti. <span class="bld">Odātakasiṇalābhī</span>ti appamāṇaodātakasiṇalābhī. Evaṃ hissa samantato āloko viya upaṭṭhāti. <span class="bld">Parikamma</span>nti samāpattipubbabhāgamāha. Ettakaṃ sūriye gate <span class="bld">vuṭṭhahāmīti,</span> <span class="bld">no ca kho addhānaparicchede kusalo hoti,</span> kevalaṃ ‘‘divā eva vuṭṭhahāmī’’ti manasikāraṃ uppādesi. <span class="bld">Visadaṃ hoti</span> sabbaṃ ārammaṇajātaṃ, dibbacakkhunā passantassa viya <span class="bld">vibhūtaṃ. Avisada</span>nti ettha vuttavipariyāyena attho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Evaṃsaññino</span>ti rattiṃ ‘‘divā’’ti, divā ca ‘‘rattī’’ti evaṃsaññino.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Antosenāsane rattiṃ nisinno hotī</span>ti ratti-saddo ajjhāharitabbo. Parittāsanādīhi, aññehi vā <span class="bld">kāraṇehi</span>. <span class="bld">Gambhīrāya</span> bhūmigabbhasadisāya <span class="bld">ghanavanapaṭicchannāya</span> bahalatarajālavanapaṭalapaṭicchannāya. <span class="bld">Antarahitasūriyāloke kāle</span>ti eteneva divāti avuttasiddho. Sammohavihāro nāma bahuvidhoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sammohavihārānaṃ aññatara’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pākaṭo bodhisattassa rattindivaparicchedo</span> antamaso lavatuṭikhaṇassapi upādāya suvavatthitattā, tathā rattidivasakoṭṭhāsaparicchedo attanā kātabbakiccavasena kālañāṇavasena ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kālathambhe <a name="M1.0221"></a> laddhabbachāyāvasena <span class="bld">dvaṅgulakāle</span>. <span class="bld">Yāmaghaṇṭikaṃ paharati</span> saṅghassa taṃtaṃvattakaraṇatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Muggara</span>nti ghaṇṭikappaharaṇamuggaraṃ. <span class="bld">Yāmayantaṃ patati</span> aññehi bhikkhūhi yojitanti adhippāyo. Yāva aññe bhikkhū bhojanasālaṃ upagacchanti, tāva divāvihāraṭṭhānaṃ gantvā samaṇadhammaṃ karoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yaṃ kho ta</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">ya</span>nti aniyamuddeso, <span class="bld">kho</span>ti avadhāraṇe, yameva puggalanti attho. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti vuccamānākāravacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Mamevā</span>ti maṃ eva. <span class="bld">Asammohasabhāvo</span>ti sabhāvabhūtaasammoho. ‘‘Uppanno’’ti vuttattā <span class="bld">‘‘manussaloke’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Paññāsampattiyā</span>ti yāthāvato hitassa jānanasamatthena attano paññāguṇena, na kevalaṃ ajjhāsayeneva hitesitā, atha kho payogenāti <a name="V1.0197"></a> dassento <span class="bld">‘‘hitūpadesako’’</span>ti āha. Ajjhāsayena pana hitesitā <span class="bld">‘‘lokānukampāyā’’</span>ti iminā dassitā. Upakaraṇehi vinā na kadāci bhogasukhaṃ upakaraṇadānañca cāgasampattihetukanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘cāgasampattiyā…pe… dāyako’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Mettāsampattiyā</span> hitūpasaṃhārena <span class="bld">rakkhitā. Karuṇāsampattiyā</span> dukkhāpanayanena <span class="bld">gopāyitā</span>. Nanu ca pubbepi vuttaṃ ‘‘hitāya sukhāyā’’ti, atha kasmā puna taṃ gahitanti codanaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘idha devamanussaggahaṇenā’’</span>tiādi. Tena pubbe avisesato hitādīni dassitāni, idāni visesato saha payojanena tāni dassitānīti dīpeti. Nibbānato paro paramo attho nāma natthīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘paramatthattāyā’’</span>ti. Hinoti nibbānaṃ gacchatīti <span class="bld">hitaṃ,</span> maggo. Ukkaṃsato sukhatthaṃ ariyaphalanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tato uttari sukhābhāvato’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="centered">Asammohavihāravaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Pubbabhāgapaṭipadādivaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para51"></a><a name="para51_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">51</span>. <span class="bld">Asammohavihāra</span>nti asammohavuttiṃ, asammohasambodhinti vā attho. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti samathavipassanābhāvanāsaṅkhātaṃ paṭipadaṃ. <span class="bld">Pubbabhāgato pabhutī</span>ti bhāvanāya pubbabhāgavīriyārambhādito paṭṭhāya.<span class="bld"> Kecī</span>ti uttaravihāravāsino.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bodhimaṇḍe</span>ti <a name="M1.0222"></a> (sārattha. ṭī. 1.11.verañjakaṇḍavaṇṇanā; a. ni. ṭī. 3.8.11) bodhisaṅkhātassa ñāṇassa maṇḍabhāvappatte ṭhāne. <span class="bld">Caturaṅga</span>nti ‘‘kāmaṃ taco ca nhāru ca, aṭṭhi ca avasissatū’’tiādinā (ma. ni. 2.184; saṃ. ni. 2.237; a. ni. 2.5; 8.13; mahāni. 17, 196) vuttacaturaṅgasamannāgataṃ. <span class="bld">Paggahita</span>nti ārambhaṃ sithilaṃ akatvā daḷhaparakkamasaṅkhātussahanabhāvena gahitaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘asithilappavattitanti vuttaṃ hotī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Asallīna</span>nti asaṅkucitaṃ kosajjavasena saṅkocaṃ anāpannaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upaṭṭhitā</span>ti ogāhanasaṅkhātena apilāpanabhāvena ārammaṇaṃ upagantvā ṭhitā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ārammaṇābhimukhībhāvenā’’</span>ti. Sammosassa viddhaṃsanavasena pavattiyā na sammuṭṭhāti <span class="bld">asammuṭṭhā</span>. Kiñcāpi cittamiva cittapassaddhivasena kāyapassaddhivaseneva kāyo passaddho hoti, tathāpi yasmā kāyapassaddhi uppajjamānā cittapassaddhiyā saheva uppajjati, na vinā, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kāyacittapassaddhisambhavenā’’</span>ti<a name="V1.0198"></a>. <span class="bld">Rūpakāyopi passaddhoyeva hoti</span> kāyapassaddhiyā ubhayesampi kāyānaṃ passambhanāvahattā. <span class="bld">So ca kho</span> kāyo. <span class="bld">Vigatadaratho</span>ti vigatakilesadaratho. Nāmakāye hi vigatadarathe rūpakāyopi vūpasantadarathapariḷāho hoti.<span class="bld"> Sammā āhita</span>nti nānārammaṇesu vidhāvanasaṅkhātavikkhepaṃ vicchinditvā ekasmiṃyeva ārammaṇe avikkhittabhāvāpādānena sammadeva āhitaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘suṭṭhu ṭhapita’’</span>ntiādi. Cittassa anekaggabhāvo vikkhepavasena cañcalatā, sā sati ekaggatāya na hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ekaggaṃ acalaṃ nipphandana’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Ettāvatā</span>ti ‘‘āraddhaṃ kho panā’’tiādinā vīriyasatipassaddhisamādhīnaṃ kiccasiddhidassanena. Nanu ca saddhāpaññānampi kiccasiddhi jhānassa pubbapaṭipadāya icchitabbāti? Saccaṃ icchitabbā, sā pana nānantariyabhāvena avuttasiddhāti na gahitā. Asati hi saddhāya vīriyārambhādīnaṃ asambhavoyeva, paññāpariggahe ca nesaṃ asati paññāyārambhādibhāvo na siyā. Tathā asallīnāsammosatādayo vīriyādīnanti asallīnatādiggahaṇenevettha paññākiccasiddhi gahitāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Jhānabhāvanāyaṃ vā samādhikiccaṃ adhikaṃ icchitabbanti dassetuṃ samādhipariyosānāva <span class="bld">jhānassa pubbapaṭipadā kathitā</span>ti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vuttaṃ, tasmā idha na vattabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Visuddhimaggo</span> hi imissā saṃvaṇṇanāya ekadesabhūtoti vuttovāyamatthoti. <span class="bld">Viharatīti āgataṃ</span> paruddesikattā <a name="M1.0223"></a> vihārassa. <span class="bld">Idha vihāsinti āgataṃ</span> atthuddesikattā. Idaṃ kira sabbabuddhānaṃ avijahitanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ānāpānassatikammaṭṭhāna’’</span>nti. Rūpavirāgabhāvanāvasena (sārattha. ṭī. 1.12.nerañjakaṇḍavaṇṇanā) pavatto catubbidhopi arūpajjhānaviseso catutthajjhānasaṅgaho evāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘cattāri jhānānī’’</span>ti. Yuttaṃ tāva cittekaggatā bhavokkamanatthatā viya vipassanāpādakatāpi catunnaṃ jhānānaṃ sādhāraṇāti tesaṃ vasena ‘‘cattāri jhānānī’’ti vacanaṃ, abhiññāpādakatā pana nirodhapādakatā ca catutthasseva jhānassa āveṇikā, sā kathaṃ catunnaṃ jhānānaṃ sādhāraṇā vuttāti? Paramparādhiṭṭhānabhāvato. Padaṭṭhānapadaṭṭhānampi hi padaṭṭhānanteva vuccati, kāraṇakāraṇampi kāraṇanti yathā ‘‘tiṇehi sattaṃ siddha’’nti, evañca katvā payojananiddese aṭṭhasamāpattiggahaṇaṃ samatthitaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Cittekaggatatthānī</span>ti cittasamādhānatthāni, diṭṭhadhammasukhavihāratthānīti attho. Cittekaggatāsīsena hi diṭṭhadhammasukhavihāro vutto, sukkhavipassakakhīṇāsavavasena cetaṃ vuttaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ekaggacittā sukhaṃ divasaṃ viharissāmā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Bhavokkamanatthānī</span>ti bhavesu nibbattiatthāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā (sārattha. ṭī. 1.12.nerañjakaṇḍavaṇṇanā) bodhisattena bodhimaṇḍūpasaṅkamanato pubbepi carimabhave catutthajjhānaṃ nibbattitapubbaṃ, tadā pana taṃ nibbattitamattameva ahosi, na vipassanādipādakaṃ<a name="V1.0199"></a>, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘bodhirukkhamūle nibbattita’’</span>nti tato visesetvā vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Vipassanāpādaka</span>nti vipassanārambhe vipassanāya pādakaṃ. <span class="bld">Abhiññāpādaka</span>nti etthāpi eseva nayo. Buddhānañhi paṭhamārambhe eva pādakajjhānena payojanaṃ ahosi, na tato paraṃ uparimaggādhigamaphalasamāpattiabhiññāvaḷañjanādiatthaṃ. Abhisambodhisamadhigamato paṭṭhāya hi sabbaṃ ñāṇasamādhikiccaṃ ākaṅkhamattapaṭibaddhamevāti. <span class="bld">Sabbakiccasādhaka</span>nti anupubbavihārādisabbakiccasādhakaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbalokiyalokuttaraguṇadāyaka</span>nti ettha vipassanābhiññāpādakattā eva catutthassa jhānassa bhagavato sabbalokiyalokuttaraguṇadāyakatā veditabbā. Sabbaññutaññāṇapadaṭṭhānañhi maggañāṇaṃ, maggañāṇapadaṭṭhānañca sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ abhisambodhi, tadadhigamasamakālameva bhagavato sabbe buddhaguṇā hatthagatā ahesuṃ, catutthajjhānasannissayo ca maggādhigamoti.</p>
<p class="centered">Pubbabhāgapaṭipadādivaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Pubbenivāsakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para52"></a><a name="para52_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">52</span>. <span class="bld">Dvinnaṃ</span> <a name="M1.0224"></a> <span class="bld">vijjāna</span>nti pubbenivāsañāṇadibbacakkhuñāṇasaṅkhātānaṃ dvinnaṃ vijjānaṃ. <span class="bld">Anupadavaṇṇanā</span>ti tāsaṃ vijjānaṃ niddesapāḷiyā anupadavaṇṇanā. <span class="bld">Bhāvanānayo</span>ti uppādanavidhi. <span class="bld">‘‘So’’</span>ti paccattavacanassa ahaṃ-saddena sambandhane kāraṇaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘abhininnāmesi’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Pāḷiyaṃ vā ‘‘abhininnāmesi’’nti uttamapurisassa yogoti ahaṃ-saddena ānetvā vuccamāne tadattho pākaṭo hotīti <span class="bld">‘‘so aha’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Abhinīhari</span>nti cittaṃ jhānārammaṇato apanetvā pubbenivāsābhimukhaṃ pesesiṃ, pubbenivāsaninnaṃ pubbenivāsapoṇaṃ pubbenivāsapabbhāraṃ akāsinti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pubbeatītajātīsu nivutthakkhandhā pubbenivāso. <span class="bld">Nivutthā</span>ti ca ajjhāvutthā anubhūtā attano santāne uppajjitvā niruddhā, gocaranivāsena nivutthadhammā vā attano viññāṇenaviññātā, paraviññāṇaviññātāpi vā chinnavaṭumakānussaraṇādīsu, taṃ pubbenivāsaṃ yāya satiyā anussarati, tāya sampayuttaṃ ñāṇaṃ <span class="bld">pubbenivāsānussatiññāṇaṃ</span>. <span class="bld">Paṭinivattantassā</span>ti pubbenivāsaṃ anussaraṇavasena yāvadicchakaṃ gantvā paccāgacchantassa. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti vuttassevatthassa kāraṇabhāvena paccāmasanaṃ, paṭinivattantassa paccavekkhaṇabhāvatoti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Idhūpapattiyā</span>ti idha <a name="V1.0200"></a> carimabhave upapattiyā. <span class="bld">Anantara</span>nti atītānantaramāha. <span class="bld">Amutrā</span>ti amukasmiṃ bhaveti attho. <span class="bld">Udapādi</span>nti uppajjiṃ. <span class="bld">Tāhi devatāhī</span>ti tusitādevatāhi. <span class="bld">Ekagotto</span>ti tusitagottena ekagotto. Mahābodhisattānaṃ santānassa pariyosānāvatthāya devalokūpapattijanakaṃ nāma akusalena kammunā anupaddutameva hotīti adhippāyena <span class="bld">‘‘dukkhaṃ pana saṅkhāradukkhamevā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Mahāpuññānampi pana devaputtānaṃ pubbanimittuppattikālādīsu aniṭṭhārammaṇasamāyogo hotiyevāti ‘‘kadāci dukkhadukkhassapi sambhavo natthī’’ti na sakkā vattuṃ. <span class="bld">Sattapaññāsa…pe… pariyanto</span>ti idaṃ manussānaṃ vassagaṇanāvasena vuttaṃ. Tattha devānaṃ vassagaṇanāya pana catusahassameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atītabhave (sārattha. ṭī. 1.12.pubbenivāsakathāyaṃ) khandhā tappaṭibaddhanāmagottāni ca sabbaṃ pubbenivāsanteva saṅgahitanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kiṃ viditaṃ karoti</span>? <span class="bld">Pubbenivāsa’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Moho paṭicchādakaṭṭhena</span> <span class="bld">‘‘tamo’’ti vuccati</span> ‘‘tamo viyā’’ti katvā. <span class="bld">Obhāsakaraṇaṭṭhenā</span>ti <a name="M1.0225"></a> kātabbato karaṇaṃ, obhāsova karaṇaṃ, attano paccayena obhāsabhāvena nibbattetabbaṭṭhenāti attho. <span class="bld">Sesaṃ pasaṃsāvacana</span>nti paṭipakkhavidhamanapavattivisesānaṃ bodhanato vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Avijjā vihatā</span>ti etena vijjanaṭṭhena vijjāti ayampi attho dīpitoti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Yasmā vijjā uppannā</span>ti etena vijjāpaṭipakkhā avijjā, paṭipakkhatā cassā pahātabbabhāvena vijjāya ca pahāyakabhāvenāti dasseti. <span class="bld">Esa nayo itarasmimpi padadvayeti</span> iminā tamo vihato vinaṭṭho. Kasmā? Yasmā āloko uppannoti imamatthaṃ atidisati. <span class="bld">Pesitattassā</span>ti yathādhippetatthasiddhiṃ pati vissaṭṭhacittassa. <span class="bld">Yathā appamattassā</span>ti aññassapi kassaci mādisassāti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="centered">Pubbenivāsakathāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Dibbacakkhuñāṇakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para53"></a><a name="para53_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">53</span>. <span class="bld">Idhā</span>ti bhayabheravasutte vuttaṃ. Idha ayaṃ visesoti yojanā. <span class="bld">Vuttasadisameva</span> ‘‘meti mayā’’tiādinā. <span class="bld">Parikammakicca</span>nti ‘‘abhiññāpādakacatutthajjhānato vuṭṭhāya sabbapacchimā nisajjā āvajjitabbā’’tiādinā, kasiṇārammaṇaṃ abhiññāpādakajjhānaṃ sabbākārena abhinīhārakkhamaṃ katvā’’tiādinā ca vuttena parikammena kiccaṃ payojanaṃ natthi. <span class="bld">Na</span> <a name="V1.0201"></a> <span class="bld">tena idha attho</span>ti tena bhāvanānayena idha pāḷiyā atthavaṇṇanāyaṃ attho natthi tathābhāvanāya idha anadhippetattāti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="centered">Dibbacakkhuñāṇakathāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Āsavakkhayañāṇakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para54"></a><a name="para54_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">54</span>. <span class="bld">Vipassanāpādaka</span>nti (sārattha. ṭī. 1.14.āsavakkhayañāṇakathāyaṃ; dī. ni. ṭī. 1.248; a. ni. ṭī. 2.3.59) vipassanāya padaṭṭhānabhūtaṃ. Vipassanā ca tividhā vipassanakapuggalabhedena. Mahābodhisattānañhi paccekabodhisattānañca vipassanā cintāmayañāṇasaṃvaddhitattā sayambhuñāṇabhūtā, itaresaṃ <a name="M1.0226"></a> sutamayañāṇasaṃvaddhitattā paropadesasambhūtā, sā ‘‘ṭhapetvā nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ avasesarūpārūpajjhānānaṃ aññatarato vuṭṭhāyā’’tiādinā anekadhā arūpamukhavasena catudhātuvavatthāne vuttānaṃ tesaṃ tesaṃ dhātupariggahamukhānaṃ aññataramukhavasena anekadhāva <span class="bld">visuddhimagge</span> (visuddhi. 1.306) nānānayato vibhāvitā. Mahābodhisattānaṃ pana catuvīsatikoṭisatasahassamukhena pabhedagamanato nānānayaṃ sabbaññutaññāṇasannissayassa ariyamaggañāṇassa adhiṭṭhānabhūtaṃ pubbabhāgañāṇagabbhaṃ gaṇhāpentaṃ paripākaṃ <span class="bld">gacchantaṃ</span> paramagambhīrasaṇhasukhumataraṃ anaññasādhāraṇaṃ vipassanāñāṇaṃ hoti, yaṃ <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathāsu</span> mahāvajirañāṇanti vuccati. Yassa ca pavattivibhāgena catuvīsatikoṭisatasahassappabhedassa pādakabhāvena samāpajjiyamānā catuvīsatikoṭisatasahassasaṅkhā devasikaṃ satthu vaḷañjanakasamāpattiyo vuccanti, svāyaṃ buddhānaṃ vipassanācāro paramatthamañjūsāya <span class="bld">visuddhimaggasaṃvaṇṇanāya</span> (visuddhi. mahāṭī. 1.144) uddesato dassito, atthikehi tato gahetabboti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Āsavānaṃ khepanato samucchindanato āsavakkhayo, ariyamaggo, ukkaṭṭhaniddesavasena arahattamaggaggahaṇaṃ. Āsavānaṃ khaye ñāṇaṃ <span class="bld">āsavakkhayañāṇa</span>nti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘tatra cetaṃ ñāṇa’’</span>nti vatvā khayeti ca ādhāre bhummaṃ, na visayeti dassento ‘‘tappariyā pannattā’’ti āha. <span class="bld">Idaṃ dukkha</span>nti dukkhassa ariyasaccassa tadā paccakkhato gahitabhāvadassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ettakaṃ dukkha</span>nti dukkhassa ariyasaccassa tadā paccakkhato gahitabhāvadassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ettakaṃ dukkha</span>nti tassa paricchijja gahitabhāvadassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Na ito bhiyyo</span>ti anavasesetvā gahitabhāvadassanaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbampi</span> <a name="V1.0202"></a> <span class="bld">dukkhasacca’’</span>ntiādi. <span class="bld">Sarasalakkhaṇapaṭivedhenā</span>ti sabhāvasaṅkhātassa lakkhaṇassa asammohato paṭivijjhanena. <span class="bld">Asammohapaṭivedho</span>ti ca yathā tasmiṃ ñāṇe pavatte pacchā dukkhassa sarūpādiparicchede sammoho na hoti, tathā pavatti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yathābhūtaṃ abbhaññāsi’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Yaṃ ṭhānaṃ patvā</span>ti yaṃ nibbānaṃ maggassa ārammaṇapaccayaṭṭhena kāraṇabhūtaṃ āgamma. Tadubhayavato hi puggalassa patti tadubhayassa pattīti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Patvāti</span> vā pāpuṇanahetu. <span class="bld">Appavatti</span>nti appavattinimittaṃ. Te vā nappavattanti etthāti <span class="bld">appavatti,</span> nibbānaṃ. <span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti dukkhanirodhassa. <span class="bld">Sampāpaka</span>nti sacchikiriyāvasena sammadeva pāpakaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kilesavasenā</span>ti <a name="M1.0227"></a> āsavasaṅkhātakilesavasena. Yasmā āsavānaṃ dukkhasaccapariyāyo tappariyāpannattā, sesasaccānañca taṃsamudayādipariyāyo atthi, tasmā vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Pariyāyato’’</span>ti. Dassento saccānīti yojanā. Āsavānaṃyeva cettha gahaṇaṃ ‘‘āsavānaṃ khayañāṇāyā’’ti āraddhattā. Tathā hi āsavavimutti sīseneva sabbasaṃkilesavimutti vuttā. <span class="bld">‘‘Idaṃ dukkhanti yathābhūtaṃ abbhaññāsi’’</span>ntiādinā missakamaggo idha kathitoti <span class="bld">‘‘saha vipassanāya koṭippattaṃ maggaṃ kathetī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Ettha ca saccapaṭivedhassa tadā atītakālikattā ‘‘yathābhūtaṃ abbhaññāsi’’nti vatvāpi abhisamayakāle tassa paccuppannataṃ upādāya ‘‘evaṃ jānato evaṃ passato’’ti vattamānakālena niddeso kato. So ca kāmaṃ maggakkhaṇato paraṃ yāvajjatanā atītakāliko eva, sabbapaṭhamaṃ panassa atītakālikattaṃ phalakkhaṇena veditabbanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vimuccitthāti iminā phalakkhaṇaṃ dassetī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Jānato passato</span>ti vā hetuniddesoyaṃ. Jānanahetu dassanahetu kāmāsavā cittaṃ vimuccitthāti yojanā. Bhavāsavaggahaṇeneva cettha bhavarāgassa viya bhavadiṭṭhiyāpi samavarodhoti diṭṭhāsavassapi saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Khīṇājātītiādīhi</span> padehi. <span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti paccavekkhaṇañāṇassa. <span class="bld">Bhūmī</span>nti pavattiṭṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Na tāvassa atītā jāti khīṇā</span> maggabhāvanāyāti adhippāyo. Tattha kāraṇamāha <span class="bld">‘‘pubbeva khīṇattā’’</span>ti. Na anāgatā assajāti khīṇāti yojanā. <span class="bld">Na anāgatā</span>ti ca anāgatattasāmaññaṃ gahetvā lesena codeti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘anāgate vāyāmābhāvato’’</span>ti, anāgataviseso panettha adhippeto, tassa ca khepane vāyāmopi labbhateva. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yā pana maggassā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Ekacatupañcavokārabhavesū</span>ti bhavattayaggahaṇaṃ vuttanayena anavasesato jātiyā khīṇabhāvadassanatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti yathāvuttaṃ jātiṃ. <span class="bld">So</span>ti bhagavā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Brahmacariyavāso nāma idha maggabrahmacariyassa nibbattanamevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘niṭṭhita’’</span>nti. Sammādiṭṭhiyā <a name="V1.0203"></a> catūsu saccesu pariññādikiccasādhanavasena pavattamānāya sammā saṅkappādīnampi dukkhasacce pariññābhisamayānuguṇā pavatti, itarasaccesu ca nesaṃ pahānābhisamayādivasena pavatti pākaṭā eva. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘catūhi maggehi pariññāpahānasacchikiriyābhāvanāvasenā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Itthattāyā</span>ti ime pakārā itthaṃ, tabbhāvo itthattaṃ, tadatthanti vuttaṃ <a name="M1.0228"></a> hoti. Te pana pakārā ariyamaggabyāpārabhūtā pariññādayo idhādhippetāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃsoḷasakiccabhāvāyā’’</span>ti. Te hi maggaṃ paccavekkhato maggānubhāvena pākaṭā hutvā upaṭṭhahanti, pariññādīsu ca pahānameva padhānaṃ tadatthattā itaresanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kilesakkhayāyavā’’</span>ti. Pahīnakilesapaccavekkhaṇavasena vā etaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Itthattāyā</span>ti nissakke sampadānavacananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘itthabhāvato’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Aparaṃ</span> anāgataṃ. <span class="bld">Ime pana</span> carimattabhāvasaṅkhātā <span class="bld">pañcakkhandhā</span>. <span class="bld">Pariññātā tiṭṭhantī</span>ti etena tesaṃ appatiṭṭhataṃ dasseti. Apariññāmūlakā hi patiṭṭhā. Yathāha ‘‘kabaḷīkāre ce, bhikkhave, āhāre atthi rāgo atthi nandī atthi taṇhā, patiṭṭhitaṃ tattha viññāṇaṃ virūḷha’’ntiādi (saṃ. ni. 2.64; mahāni. 7; kathā. 296). Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘chinnamūlakā rukkhā viyā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paccavekkhaṇañāṇapariggahitaṃ,</span> na paṭhamadutiyañāṇadvayādhigamaṃ viya kevalanti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Dassento</span> nigamanavasenāti adhippāyo. Sarūpato hi taṃ pubbe dassitamevāti. Pubbenivāsañāṇena atītārammaṇasabhāgatāya tabbhāvībhāvato ca atītaṃsañāṇaṃ saṅgahetvāti yojanā. Tattha <span class="bld">atītaṃsañāṇa</span>nti atītakhandhāyatanadhātusaṅkhāte atītakoṭṭhāse appaṭihataṃ ñāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Dibbacakkhunā</span>ti saparibhaṇḍena dibbacakkhuñāṇena. Paccuppannaṃso ca anāgataṃso ca paccuppannānāgataṃsaṃ, tattha ñāṇaṃ <span class="bld">paccuppannānāgataṃsañāṇaṃ. Sakalalokiyalokuttaraguṇa</span>nti etena sabbaṃ lokaṃ uttaritvā abhibhuyya ṭhitattā sabbaññutaññāṇassa viya sesāsādhāraṇañāṇassa balañāṇaāveṇikabuddhadhammādīnampi anaññasādhāraṇānaṃ buddhaguṇānaṃ saṅgaho veditabbo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbepi sabbaññuguṇe saṅgahetvā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="centered">Āsavakkhayañāṇakathāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Araññavāsakāraṇavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para55"></a><a name="para55_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">55</span>. <span class="bld">Siyā kho pana te brāhmaṇā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">siyā</span>ti ‘‘appevā’’ti iminā samānattho nipāto<a name="V1.0204"></a>, tasmā ‘brāhmaṇa, appeva kho pana te evamassā’ti <a name="M1.0229"></a> attho. Yaṃ pana <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathāyaṃ ‘‘kadācī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ, tampi imamevatthaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ akāraṇaṃ brāhmaṇena parikappitamatthaṃ paṭipakkhipitvā attano adhippetaṃ kāraṇaṃ dassento. Atthova phalaṃ tadadhīnavuttitāya vaso etassāti <span class="bld">atthavaso,</span> hetūti evaṃ vā ettha attho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Attano ca diṭṭhadhammasukhavihāra</span>nti etena satthā attano vivekābhiratiṃ pakāsetīti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘diṭṭhadhammo nāmā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">iriyāpathavihārāna</span>nti iriyāpathapavattīnaṃ. Tappavattiyo hi ekasmiṃ iriyāpathe uppannadukkhaṃ aññena iriyāpathena vicchinditvā haraṇato vihārāti vuccanti. <span class="bld">Pacchimañca janataṃ anukampamāno</span>ti etena yo ādito brāhmaṇena ‘‘bhavaṃ tesaṃ gotamo pubbaṅgamo…pe… diṭṭhānugatiṃ āpajjatī’’ti vutto, yo ca tathā ‘‘evametaṃ brāhmaṇā’’tiādinā attanā sampaṭicchito, tameva atthaṃ nigamanavasena dassento yathānusandhināva satthā desanaṃ niṭṭhāpesi.</p>
<p class="centered">Araññavāsakāraṇavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Desanānumodanāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para56"></a><a name="para56_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">56</span>. Evaṃ niṭṭhāpitāya desanāya brāhmaṇo tattha bhagavati pasādaṃ pavedento <span class="bld">‘‘abhikkanta’’</span>ntiādimāha. <span class="bld">Abhikkantā</span>ti (sārattha. ṭī. 1.15.desanānumodanakathā; dī. ni. ṭī. 1.250; saṃ. ni. ṭī. 1.1.1; a. ni. ṭī. 2.2.16) atikkantā, vigatāti atthoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘khaye dissatī’’</span>ti. Teneva hi <span class="bld">‘‘nikkhanto paṭhamo yāmo’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Abhikkantataro</span>ti ativiya kantataro manoramo. Tādiso ca sundaro bhaddako nāma hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sundare dissatī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ko</span>ti devanāgayakkhagandhabbādīsu ko katamo. <span class="bld">Me</span>ti mama. <span class="bld">Pādānī</span>ti pāde. <span class="bld">Iddhiyā</span>ti imāya evarūpāya deviddhiyā. <span class="bld">Yasasā</span>ti iminā edisena parivārena parijanena. <span class="bld">Jala</span>nti vijjotamāno. <span class="bld">Abhikkantenā</span>ti ativiya kantena kamanīyena abhirūpena. <span class="bld">Vaṇṇenā</span>ti chavivaṇṇena sarīravaṇṇanibhāya. <span class="bld">Sabbā obhāsayaṃ disā</span>ti dasapi disā obhāsento pabhāsento, cando viya sūriyo viya ca ekobhāsaṃ ekālokaṃ <a name="M1.0230"></a> karontoti gāthāya attho. <span class="bld">Abhirūpe</span>ti uḷārarūpe sampannarūpe.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Coro <a name="V1.0205"></a> coro, sappo sappo’’tiādīsu <span class="bld">bhaye āmeḍitaṃ</span>. ‘‘Vijjha vijjha, pahara paharā’’tiādīsu <span class="bld">kodhe,</span> ‘‘sādhu sādhūtiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.327; saṃ. ni. 2.127; 3.35; 5.1085) <span class="bld">pasaṃsāyaṃ,</span> ‘‘gaccha gaccha, lunāhi lunāhī’’tiādīsu <span class="bld">turite,</span> ‘‘āgaccha āgacchā’’tiādīsu <span class="bld">kotūhale,</span> ‘‘buddho buddhoti cintento’’tiādīsu (bu. vaṃ. 2.44) <span class="bld">acchare,</span> ‘‘abhikkamathāyasmanto, abhikkamathāyasmanto’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 3.20; a. ni. 9.11) <span class="bld">hāse,</span> ‘‘kahaṃ ekaputtaka, kahaṃ ekaputtakā’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 2.353; saṃ. ni. 2.63) <span class="bld">soke,</span> ‘‘aho sukhaṃ aho sukha’’ntiādīsu (udā. 20; dī. ni. 3.305; cūḷava. 332) <span class="bld">pasāde</span>. <span class="bld">Ca</span>-saddo avuttasamuccayattho. Tena garahāasammānādīnaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. Tattha ‘‘pāpo pāpo’’tiādīsu <span class="bld">garahāyaṃ</span>. ‘‘Abhirūpaka abhirūpakā’’tiādīsu <span class="bld">asammāne</span> daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nayidaṃ āmeḍitavasena dvikkhattuṃ vuttaṃ, atha kho atthadvayavasenāti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘atha vā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Abhikkanta</span>nti vacanaṃ apekkhitvā napuṃsakaliṅgavasena vuttaṃ, taṃ pana bhagavato vacanaṃ dhammassa desanāti katvā tathā vuttaṃ. Atthamattadassanaṃ vā etaṃ, tasmā atthavasena liṅgavibhattivipariṇāmo veditabbo. Dutiyapadepi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Dosanāsanato</span>ti rāgādikilesadosavidhamanato, <span class="bld">guṇādhigamanato</span>ti sīlādiguṇānaṃ sampāpanato. Ye guṇe desanā adhigameti, tesu padhānabhūtā dassetabbāti te padhānabhūte tāva dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘saddhājananato paññājananato’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Saddhāpamukhā hi lokiyā guṇā, paññāpamukhā lokuttarā. Sīlādiatthasampattiyā <span class="bld">sātthato,</span> sabhāvaniruttisampattiyā <span class="bld">sabyañjanato</span>. Suviññeyyasaddapayogatāya <span class="bld">uttānapadato,</span> saṇhasukhumabhāvena dubbiññeyyatthatāya <span class="bld">gambhīratthato</span>. Siniddhamudumadhurasaddapayogatāya <span class="bld">kaṇṇasukhato,</span> vipulavisuddhapemanīyatthatāya <span class="bld">hadayaṅgamato</span>. Mānātimānavidhamanena <span class="bld">anattukkaṃsanato,</span> thambhasārambhamaddanena <span class="bld">aparavambhanato</span>. Hitādhippāyapavattiyā paresaṃ rāgapariḷāhādivūpasamanena ca <span class="bld">karuṇāsītalato,</span> kilesandhakāravidhamanena <a name="M1.0231"></a> <span class="bld">paññāvadātato</span>. Karavīkarutamañjutāya <span class="bld">āpātharamaṇīyato,</span> pubbāparāviruddhasuvisuddhatthatāya <span class="bld">vimaddakkhamato</span>. Āpātharamaṇīyatāya eva <span class="bld">suyyamānasukhato,</span> vimaddakkhamatāya hitajjhāsayappavattitatāya ca <span class="bld">vīmaṃsiyamānahitato. Evamādīhī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>saddena saṃsāracakkanivattanato, saddhammacakkappavattanato, micchāvādavidhamanato, sammāvādapatiṭṭhāpanato, akusalamūlasamuddharaṇato, kusalamūlasaṃropanato, apāyadvārapidhānato, saggamaggadvāravivaraṇato, pariyuṭṭhānavūpasamanato, anusayasamugghātanatoti evamādīnaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Adhomukhaṭṭhapita</span>nti <a name="V1.0206"></a> kenaci adhomukhaṃ ṭhapitaṃ. <span class="bld">Heṭṭhāmukhajāta</span>nti sabhāveneva heṭṭhāmukhajātaṃ. <span class="bld">Ugghāṭeyyā</span>ti vivaṭaṃ kareyya. <span class="bld">Hatthe gahetvā</span>ti ‘‘puratthābhimukho, uttarābhimukho vā gacchā’’tiādīni avatvā hatthe gahetvā ‘‘nissandehaṃ esa maggo, evaṃ gacchā’’ti vadeyya. <span class="bld">Kāḷapakkhacātuddasī</span>ti kāḷapakkhe cātuddasī.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nikujjitaṃ</span> ādheyyassa anādhārabhūtaṃ bhājanaṃ ādhārabhāvāpādanavasena <span class="bld">ukkujjeyya</span>. Heṭṭhāmukhajātatāya <span class="bld">saddhammavimukhaṃ,</span> adhomukhaṭṭhapitatāya <span class="bld">asaddhamme patita</span>nti evaṃ padadvayaṃ yathārahaṃ yojetabbaṃ, na yathāsaṅkhyaṃ. Kāmaṃ kāmacchandādayopi paṭicchādakā, micchādiṭṭhi pana savisesaṃ paṭicchādikāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘micchādiṭṭhigahanapaṭicchanna’’</span>nti. Tenāha bhagavā ‘‘micchādiṭṭhiparamāhaṃ, bhikkhave, vajjaṃ vadāmī’’ti (a. ni. 1.310). Sabbo apāyagāmimaggo <span class="bld">kummaggo</span> ‘‘kucchito maggo’’ti katvā. Sammādiṭṭhiādīnaṃ ujupaṭipakkhatāya micchādiṭṭhiādayo aṭṭha micchattadhammā <span class="bld">micchāmaggo</span>. Teneva hi tadubhayapaṭipakkhataṃ sandhāya <span class="bld">‘‘saggamokkhamaggaṃ ācikkhantenā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Sappiādisannissayo padīpo na tathā ujjalo, yathā telasannissayoti <span class="bld">telapajjotaggahaṇaṃ</span>. <span class="bld">Etehi pariyāyehī</span>ti etehi nikujjitukkujjanapaṭicchannavivaraṇādiupamopamitabbapakārehi, <span class="bld">etehi</span> vā yathāvuttehi soḷasārammaṇapariggahaasammohavihāradibbavihāravibhāvanapariyāyehi vijjāttayavibhāvanāpadesena attano sabbaññuguṇavibhāvanapariyāyehi ca. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="centered">Desanānumodanāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Pasannakāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pasannakāra</span>nti <a name="M1.0232"></a> pasannehi kātabbaṃ sakkāraṃ. <span class="bld">Saraṇa</span>nti paṭisaraṇaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘parāyaṇa’’</span>nti. Parāyaṇabhāvo ca anatthanisedhanena atthasampaṭipādanena ca hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘aghassa tātā hitassa ca vidhātā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Aghassā</span>ti dukkhatoti vadanti, pāpatoti pana yuttaṃ. Nissakke cetaṃ sāmivacanaṃ. Ettha ca nāyaṃ gami-saddo nī-saddādayo viya dvikammako, tasmā yathā ‘‘ajaṃ gāmaṃ netī’’ti vuccati, evaṃ ‘‘gotamaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmī’’ti vattuṃ na sakkā, ‘‘saraṇanti gacchāmī’’ti pana vattabbaṃ. Iti-saddo cettha luttaniddiṭṭho, tassa cāyamattho – gamanañca tadadhippāyena bhajanaṃ, tathā jānanaṃ vāti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘iti iminā adhippāyenā’’</span>tiādimāha<a name="V1.0207"></a>. Tattha <span class="bld">bhajāmī</span>tiādīsu purimassa purimassa pacchimaṃ pacchimaṃ atthavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhajanaṃ</span> vā saraṇādhippāyena upasaṅkamanaṃ, <span class="bld">sevanaṃ</span> santikāvacaratā, <span class="bld">payirupāsanaṃ</span> vattapaṭivattakaraṇena upaṭṭhānanti evaṃ sabbathāpi anaññasaraṇataṃyeva dīpeti. <span class="bld">‘‘Gacchāmī’’</span>ti padassa kathaṃ ‘‘bujjhāmī’’ti ayamattho labbhatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yesañhī’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Adhigatamagge,</span> <span class="bld">sacchikatanirodhe</span>ti padadvayenapi phalaṭṭhā eva dassitā, na maggaṭṭhāti te dassento <span class="bld">‘‘yathānusiṭṭhaṃ paṭipajjamāne cā’’</span>ti āha. Nanu ca kalyāṇaputhujjanopi yathānusiṭṭhaṃ paṭipajjatīti vuccatīti? Kiñcāpi vuccati, nippariyāyena pana maggaṭṭhā eva tathā vattabbā, na itare niyāmokkamanābhāvato. Tathā hi te eva <span class="bld">‘‘apāyesu apatamāne dhāretī’’</span>ti vuttā. Sammattaniyāmokkamanena hi apāyavinimuttisambhavo. <span class="bld">Akkhāyatī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">iti</span>-saddo ādiattho, pakārattho vā. Tena ‘‘yāvatā, bhikkhave, dhammā saṅkhatā vā asaṅkhatā vā, virāgo tesaṃ aggamakkhāyatī’’ti <span class="bld">suttapadaṃ</span> (a. ni. 4.34; itivu. 90) saṅgaṇhāti, <span class="bld">vitthāro</span>ti vā iminā. Ettha ca <span class="bld">ariyamaggo</span> niyyānikatāya, <span class="bld">nibbānaṃ</span> tassa tadatthasiddhihetutāyāti ubhayamevettha nippariyāyena dhammoti vutto. Nibbānañhi ārammaṇapaccayabhūtaṃ labhitvā ariyamaggassa tadatthasiddhi, ariyaphalānaṃ ‘‘yasmā tāya saddhāya avūpasantāyā’’tiādivacanato maggena samucchinnānaṃ kilesānaṃ paṭippassaddhipahānakiccatāya niyyānānuguṇatāya niyyānapariyosānatāya ca. Pariyattidhammassa pana niyyānadhammasamadhigamahetutāyāti iminā <a name="M1.0233"></a> pariyāyena dhammabhāvo labbhati eva, svāyamattho pāṭhāruḷho evāti dassento ‘‘na kevala’’ntiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāmarāgo bhavarāgoti evamādibhedo sabbopi rāgo virajjati pahīyati etenāti <span class="bld">rāgavirāgoti maggo kathito</span>. Ejāsaṅkhātāya taṇhāya antonijjhānalakkhaṇassa sokassa ca taduppattiyaṃ sabbaso parikkhīṇattā <span class="bld">anejamasokanti phalaṃ kathitaṃ. Appaṭikūla</span>nti avirodhadīpanato kenaci aviruddhaṃ, iṭṭhaṃ paṇītanti vā attho. Paguṇarūpena pavattitattā, pakaṭṭhaguṇavibhāvanato vā <span class="bld">paguṇaṃ</span>. Yathāha ‘‘vihiṃsasaññī paguṇaṃ na bhāsiṃ, dhammaṃ paṇītaṃ manujesu brahme’’ti. Sabbadhammakkhandhā kathitāti yojanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Diṭṭhisīlasaṅghātenā</span>ti ‘‘yāyaṃ diṭṭhi ariyā niyyānikā niyyāti takkarassa sammā dukkhakkhayāya, tathārūpāya diṭṭhiyā diṭṭhisāmaññagato viharatī’’ti (dī. ni. 3.324, 356; ma. ni. 1.492; 3.54) evaṃ vuttāya diṭṭhiyā, ‘‘yāni tāni sīlāni akhaṇḍāni acchiddāni asabalāni akammāsāni bhujissāni viññuppasatthāni aparāmaṭṭhāni samādhisaṃvattanikāni<a name="V1.0208"></a>, tathārūpehi sīlehi sīlasāmaññagato viharatī’’ti (dī. ni. 3.324; ma. ni. 1.492; 3.54; a. ni. 6.12; pari. 274) evaṃ vuttānaṃ sīlānañca saṃhatabhāvena, diṭṭhisīlasāmaññenāti attho. <span class="bld">Saṃhato</span>ti ghaṭito. Ariyapuggalā hi yattha katthaci dūre ṭhitāpi attano guṇasāmaggiyā saṃhatā eva. <span class="bld">Aṭṭha ca puggala dhammadasā te</span>ti te purisayugavasena cattāropi puggalavasena aṭṭheva ariyadhammassa paccakkhadassāvitāya dhammadasā. Tīṇi vatthūni saraṇanti gamanena tikkhattuṃ gamanena ca <span class="bld">tīṇi saraṇagamanāni</span>. <span class="bld">Paṭivedesī</span>ti attano hadayagataṃ vācāya pavedesi.</p>
<p class="centered">Pasannakāravaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Saraṇagamanakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Saraṇagamanassa visayapabhedaphalasaṃkilesabhedānaṃ viya kattu ca vibhāvanā tattha kosallāya hotīti <span class="bld">‘‘saraṇagamanesu kosallatthaṃ</span> <a name="M1.0234"></a> <span class="bld">saraṇaṃ…pe… veditabbo’’</span>ti vuttaṃ tena vinā saraṇagamanasseva asambhavato. Kasmā panettha vodānaṃ na gahitaṃ, nanu vodānavibhāvanāpi tattha kosallāvahāti? Saccametaṃ, taṃ pana saṃkilesaggahaṇeneva atthato dīpitaṃ hotīti na gahitaṃ. Yāni hi tesaṃ saṃkilesakāraṇāni aññāṇādīni, tesaṃ sabbena sabbaṃ anuppannānaṃ anuppādanena, uppannānañca pahānena vodānaṃ hotīti. Hiṃsatthassa sara-saddassa vasenetaṃ padaṃ daṭṭhabbanti <span class="bld">‘‘hiṃsatīti saraṇa’’</span>nti vatvā taṃ pana hiṃsanaṃ kesaṃ, kathaṃ, kassa vāti codanaṃ sodhento <span class="bld">‘‘saraṇagatāna’’</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">bhaya</span>nti vaṭṭabhayaṃ. <span class="bld">Santāsa</span>nti cittutrāsaṃ. Teneva cetasikadukkhassa gahitattā <span class="bld">dukkha</span>nti idha kāyikaṃ dukkhaṃ. <span class="bld">Duggatiparikilesa</span>nti duggatipariyāpannaṃ sabbaṃ dukkhaṃ. Tayidaṃ sabbaṃ parato phalakathāyaṃ āvi bhavissati. <span class="bld">Eta</span>nti ‘‘saraṇa’’nti padaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ avisesato saraṇasaddassa atthaṃ dassetvā idāni visesato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘atha vā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Hite pavattamānenā</span>ti ‘‘sampannasīlā, bhikkhave, viharathā’’tiādinā (ma. ni. 1.64, 69) atthe niyojanena. <span class="bld">Ahitā ca nivattanenā</span>ti <span class="bld">‘‘pāṇātipātassa kho pāpako vipāko pāpakaṃ abhisamparāya’’</span>ntiādinā ādīnavadassanādimukhena anatthato vinivattanena. <span class="bld">Bhayaṃ hiṃsatī</span>ti hitāhitesu appavattipavattihetukaṃ byasanaṃ appavattikaraṇena vināseti<a name="V1.0209"></a>. <span class="bld">Bhavakantārā uttāraṇena</span> maggasaṅkhāto dhammo, itaro <span class="bld">assāsadānena</span> sattānaṃ bhayaṃ hiṃsatīti yojanā. <span class="bld">Kārāna</span>nti dānavasena pūjāvasena ca upanītānaṃ sakkārānaṃ. <span class="bld">Vipulaphalapaṭilābhakaraṇena</span> sattānaṃ bhayaṃ hiṃsati anuttaradakkhiṇeyyabhāvatoti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Imināpi pariyāyenā</span>ti imināpi vibhajitvā vuttena kāraṇena.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Sammāsambuddho bhagavā, svākkhāto dhammo, suppaṭipanno saṅgho’’ti evaṃ pavatto tattha ratanattaye pasādo tappasādo, tadeva ratanattayaṃ garu etassāti taggaru, tassa bhāvo taggarutā, tappasādo ca taggarutā ca <span class="bld">tappasādataggarutā,</span> tāhi. Vidhutadiṭṭhivicikicchāsammohaassaddhiyāditāya <span class="bld">vihatakileso</span>. ‘‘Tadeva ratanattayaṃ parāyaṇaṃ gati <a name="M1.0235"></a> tāṇaṃ leṇa’’nti evaṃ ākārena pavattiyā <span class="bld">tapparāyaṇatākārapavatto cittuppādo saraṇagamanaṃ</span> ‘‘saraṇanti gacchati etenā’’ti. <span class="bld">Taṃsamaṅgī</span>ti tena yathāvuttacittuppādena samannāgato. <span class="bld">Evaṃ upetī</span>ti evaṃ bhajati sevati payirupāsati, evaṃ vā jānāti bujjhatīti evamattho veditabbo. Ettha ca pasādaggahaṇena lokiyasaraṇagamanamāha. Tañhi pasādappadhānaṃ, na ñāṇappadhānaṃ. Garutāgahaṇena lokuttaraṃ. Ariyā hi ratanattayaṃ guṇābhiññātāya pāsāṇacchattaṃ viya garuṃ katvā passanti, tasmā tappasādena vikkhambhanavasena vihatakileso taggarutāya samucchedavasenāti yojetabbaṃ. Tapparāyaṇatā panettha taggatikatāti tāya catubbidhampi vakkhamānaṃ saraṇagamanaṃ gahitanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Avisesena vā pasādagarutā jotitāti pasādaggahaṇena aveccappasādassa itarassa ca gahaṇaṃ, tathā garutāgahaṇenāti ubhayenapi ubhayaṃ saraṇagamanaṃ yojetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Maggakkhaṇe ijjhatīti yojanā. <span class="bld">Nibbānārammaṇaṃ hutvā</span>ti etena atthato catusaccādhigamoyeva lokuttaraṃ saraṇagamananti dasseti. Tattha hi nibbānadhammo sacchikiriyābhisamayavasena, maggadhammo bhāvanābhisamayavasena paṭivijjhiyamānoyeva saraṇagamanattaṃ sādheti, buddhaguṇā pana sāvakagocarabhūtā pariññābhisamayavasena, tathā ariyasaṅghaguṇā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kiccato sakalepi ratanattaye ijjhatī’’</span>ti, ijjhantañca saheva ijjhati, na lokiyaṃ viya paṭipāṭiyā asammohapaṭivedhena paṭividdhattāti adhippāyo. Ye pana vadanti ‘‘na saraṇagamanaṃ nibbānārammaṇaṃ hutvā pavattati, maggassa adhigatattā pana adhigatameva hoti ekaccānaṃ tevijjādīnaṃ lokiyavijjādayo viyā’’ti, tesaṃ lokiyameva saraṇagamanaṃ siyā, na lokuttaraṃ, tañca ayuttaṃ duvidhassapi icchitabbattā. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti lokiyasaraṇagamanaṃ. <span class="bld">Saddhāpaṭilābho</span> ‘‘sammāsambuddho bhagavā’’tiādinā. <span class="bld">Saddhāmūlikā</span>ti yathāvuttasaddhāpubbaṅgamā <span class="bld">sammādiṭṭhi</span> buddhasubuddhataṃ dhammasudhammataṃ saṅghasuppaṭipatiñca lokiyāvabodhavaseneva <a name="V1.0210"></a> sammā ñāyena dassanato. ‘‘Saddhāmūlikā sammādiṭṭhī’’ti etena saddhūpanissayā yathāvuttalakkhaṇā paññā lokiyasaraṇagamananti dasseti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘diṭṭhijukammanti vuccatī’’</span>ti ‘‘diṭṭhi eva attano paccayehi ujuṃ karīyatī’’ti katvā. Diṭṭhi vā ujuṃ karīyati etenāti <span class="bld">diṭṭhijukammaṃ,</span> tathā pavatto cittuppādo<a name="M1.0236"></a>. Evañca katvā ‘‘tapparāyaṇatākārapavatto cittuppādo’’ti idañca vacanaṃ samatthitaṃ hoti. Saddhāpubbaṅgamasammādiṭṭhiggahaṇaṃ pana cittuppādassa tappadhānatāyāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. ‘‘Saddhāpaṭilābho’’ti iminā mātādīhi ussāhitadārakādīnaṃ viya ñāṇavippayuttasaraṇagamanaṃ dasseti, ‘‘sammādiṭṭhī’’ti iminā ñāṇasampayuttasaraṇagamanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tayidaṃ</span> lokiyaṃ saraṇagamanaṃ. <span class="bld">Attā</span> sanniyyātīyati appīyati pariccajīyati etenāti <span class="bld">attasanniyyātanaṃ,</span> yathāvuttaṃ diṭṭhijukammaṃ. Taṃ ratanattayaṃ parāyaṇaṃ paṭisaraṇaṃ etassāti tapparāyaṇo, puggalo, cittuppādo vā, tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">tapparāyaṇatā,</span> yathāvuttadiṭṭhijukammameva. Saraṇanti adhippāyena sissabhāvaṃ antevāsikabhāvaṃ upagacchati etenāti <span class="bld">sissabhāvūpagamanaṃ</span>. Saraṇagamanādhippāyeneva paṇipatati etenāti <span class="bld">paṇipāto</span>. Sabbattha yathāvuttadiṭṭhijukammavaseneva attho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Attapariccajana</span>nti saṃsāradukkhanittharaṇatthaṃ attano attabhāvassa pariccajanaṃ. Esa nayo sesesupi. <span class="bld">Buddhādīnaṃyevā</span>ti avadhāraṇaṃ itaresupi saraṇagamanavisesesu yathārahaṃ vattabbaṃ. Evañhi tadaññanivattanaṃ kataṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ attasanniyātanādīni ekena pakārena dassetvā idāni aparehipi pakārehi dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘apicā’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tena pariyāyantarehipi attasanniyyātanādi katameva hoti atthassa abhinnattāti dasseti. <span class="bld">Āḷavakādīna</span>nti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena sātāgirihemavatādīnaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. Nanu cete āḷavakādayo maggeneva āgatasaraṇagamanā, kathaṃ tesaṃ tapparāyaṇatāsaraṇagamanaṃ vuttanti? Maggenāgatasaraṇagamanehipi ‘‘so ahaṃ vicarissāmi gāmā gāma’’ntiādinā (saṃ. ni. 1.246) tehi tapparāyaṇatākārassa paveditattā tathā vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ñāti…pe… vasenā</span>ti ettha ñātivasena bhayavasena ācariyavasena dakkhiṇeyyavasenāti paccekaṃ ‘‘vasenā’’ti padaṃ yojetabbaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">ñātivasenā</span>ti ñātibhāvavasena. Evaṃ sesesupi. <span class="bld">Dakkhiṇeyyapaṇipātenā</span>ti dakkhiṇeyyatāhetukena paṇipātena. <span class="bld">Itarehī</span>ti ñātibhāvādivasappavattehi tīhi paṇipātehi. <span class="bld">Itarehī</span>tiādinā saṅkhepato <a name="M1.0237"></a> vuttamatthaṃ vitthārato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tasmā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Vandatī</span>ti paṇipātassa lakkhaṇavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Evarūpa</span>nti diṭṭhadhammikaṃ <a name="V1.0211"></a> sandhāya vadati. Samparāyikañhi niyyānikaṃ vā anusāsanaṃ paccāsīsanto dakkhiṇeyyapaṇipātameva karotīti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Saraṇagamanappabhedo</span>ti saraṇagamanavibhāgo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ariyamaggoyeva lokuttarasaraṇagamananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘cattāri sāmaññaphalāni vipākaphala’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Sabbadukkhakkhayo</span>ti sakalassa vaṭṭadukkhassa anuppādanirodho. <span class="bld">Eta</span>nti ‘‘cattāri ariyasaccāni, sammappaññāya passatī’’ti (dha. pa. 190) evaṃ vuttaṃ ariyasaccadassanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Niccato anupagamanādivasenā</span>ti niccanti aggahaṇādivasena. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhāna</span>nti hetupaṭikkhepo. <span class="bld">Anavakāso</span>ti paccayapaṭikkhepo. Ubhayenapi kāraṇameva paṭikkhipati. <span class="bld">Ya</span>nti yena kāraṇena. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhisampanno</span>ti maggadiṭṭhiyā sampanno sotāpanno. <span class="bld">Kañci saṅkhāra</span>nti catubhūmakesu saṅkhatasaṅkhāresu ekasaṅkhārampi. <span class="bld">Niccato upagaccheyyā</span>ti ‘‘nicco’’ti gaṇheyya. <span class="bld">Sukhato upagaccheyyā</span>ti ‘‘ekantasukhī attā hoti arogo paraṃ maraṇā’’ti (dī. ni. 1.76) evaṃ attadiṭṭhivasena sukhato gāhaṃ sandhāyetaṃ vuttaṃ. Diṭṭhivippayuttacittena pana ariyasāvako pariḷāhavūpasamanatthaṃ mattahatthiparittāsito viya cokkhabrāhmaṇo ukkārabhūmiṃ kañci saṅkhāraṃ sukhato upagacchati. Attavāre kasiṇādipaññattisaṅgahaṇatthaṃ ‘‘saṅkhāra’’nti avatvā <span class="bld">‘‘kañci dhamma’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. Imesupi vāresu catubhūmakavaseneva paricchedo veditabbo tebhūmakavaseneva vā. Yaṃ yañhi puthujjano gāhavasena gaṇhāti, tato tato ariyasāvako gāhaṃ viniveṭheti. <span class="bld">Mātara</span>ntiādīsu janikā mātā, janako pitā, manussabhūto khīṇāsavo <span class="bld">arahā</span>ti adhippeto. Kiṃ pana ariyasāvako aññaṃ jīvitā voropeyyāti? Etampi aṭṭhānaṃ, puthujjanabhāvassa pana mahāsāvajjabhāvadassanatthaṃ ariyasāvakassa phaladīpanatthañcevaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Duṭṭhacitto</span> vadhakacittena paduṭṭhacitto. <span class="bld">Lohitaṃ uppādeyyā</span>ti jīvamānakasarīre khuddakamakkhikāya pivanamattampi lohitaṃ uppādeyya. <span class="bld">Saṅghaṃ bhindeyyā</span>ti samānasaṃvāsakaṃ samānasīmāyaṃ ṭhitaṃ saṅghaṃ ‘kammena uddesena voharanto anussāvanena salākaggāhenā’’ti (pari. 458) evaṃ vuttehi pañcahi kāraṇehi bhindeyya<a name="M1.0238"></a>. <span class="bld">Aññaṃ satthāra</span>nti aññaṃ titthakaraṃ ‘‘ayaṃ me satthā’’ti evaṃ gaṇheyyāti <span class="bld">netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjatī</span>ti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na te gamissanti apāyabhūmi</span>nti te buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gatā tannimittaṃ apāyabhūmiṃ na gamissanti, <span class="bld">devakāyaṃ</span> pana <span class="bld">paripūressantī</span>ti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dasahi</span> <a name="V1.0212"></a> <span class="bld">ṭhānehī</span>ti dasahi kāraṇehi. <span class="bld">Adhiggaṇhantī</span>ti adhibhavanti. <span class="bld">Velāmasuttādivasenāpī</span>ti ettha ‘‘caturāsītisahassasaṅkhānaṃ suvaṇṇapātirūpiyapātikaṃsapātīnaṃ yathākkamaṃ rūpiyasuvaṇṇahiraññapūrānaṃ karīsassa catutthabhāvappamāṇānaṃ sabbālaṅkārapaṭimaṇḍitānaṃ caturāsītiyā hatthisahassānaṃ caturāsītiyā assasahassānaṃ caturāsītiyā rathasahassānaṃ caturāsītiyā dhenusahassānaṃ caturāsītiyā kaññāsahassānaṃ caturāsītiyā pallaṅkasahassānaṃ caturāsītiyā vatthakoṭisahassānaṃ aparimāṇassa ca khajjabhojjādibhedassa āhārassa pariccajanavasena sattamāsādhikāni satta saṃvaccharāni nirantaraṃ pavattavelāmamahādānato ekassa sotāpannassa dinnadānaṃ mahapphalataraṃ, tato sataṃ sotāpannānaṃ dinnadānato ekassa sakadāgāmissa, tato ekassa anāgāmissa, tato ekassa arahato, tato ekassa paccekabuddhassa, tato sammāsambuddhassa, tato buddhappamukhassa saṅghassa dinnadānaṃ mahapphalataraṃ, tato cātuddisaṃ saṅghaṃ uddissa vihārakaraṇaṃ, tato saraṇagamanaṃ mahapphalatara’’nti imamatthaṃ dīpentassa velāmasuttassa (a. ni. 9.20) vasena. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘yaṃ gahapati, velāmo brāhmaṇo dānaṃ adāsi mahādānaṃ, yo ekaṃ diṭṭhisampannaṃ bhojeyya, idaṃ tato mahapphalatara’’ntiādi (a. ni. 9.20). <span class="bld">Velāmasuttādī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena aggappasādasuttādīnaṃ (a. ni. 4.34; itivu. 90) saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aññāṇaṃ</span> vatthuttayassa guṇānaṃ ajānanaṃ tattha sammoho, ‘‘buddho nu kho, na nu kho buddho’’tiādinā vicikicchā <span class="bld">saṃsayo,</span> <span class="bld">micchāñāṇaṃ</span> tassa guṇānaṃ aguṇabhāvaparikappanena viparītaggāho. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena anādarāgāravādīnaṃ saṅgaho. <span class="bld">Na mahājutika</span>nti na ujjalaṃ, aparisuddhaṃ apariyodātanti attho. <span class="bld">Na mahāvipphāra</span>nti anuḷāraṃ. <span class="bld">Sāvajjo</span>ti diṭṭhitaṇhādivasena sadoso. Lokiyaṃ saraṇagamanaṃ sikkhāsamādānaṃ viya <a name="M1.0239"></a> aggahitakālaparicchedaṃ jīvitapariyantameva hoti, tasmā tassa khandhabhedena bhedoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘anavajjo kālakiriyāyā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">So</span>ti anavajjo saraṇagamanabhedo. Satipi anavajjatte iṭṭhaphalopi na hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘aphalo’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="centered">Saraṇagamanakathāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Upāsakavidhikathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ko</span> <a name="V1.0213"></a> <span class="bld">upāsako</span>ti sarūpapucchā, tasmā kiṃlakkhaṇo upāsakoti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Kasmā</span>ti hetupucchā. Tena kena pavattinimittena upāsakasaddo tasmiṃ puggale niruḷhoti dasseti. <span class="bld">Kimassa sīla</span>nti kīdisaṃ assa upāsakassa sīlaṃ, kittakena sīlenāyaṃ sīlasampanno nāma hotīti attho. <span class="bld">Ko ājīvo</span>ti ko assa sammāājīvo, so pana micchājīvassa parivajjanena hotīti sopi vibhajīyatīti. <span class="bld">Kā vipattī</span>ti kā assa sīlassa, ājīvassa vā vipatti. Anantarassa hi vidhi vā paṭisedho vā. <span class="bld">Kā sampattī</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yo kocī</span>ti khattiyādīsu yo koci. Tena saraṇagamanamevettha kāraṇaṃ, na jātiādivisesoti dasseti. <span class="bld">Upāsanato</span>ti teneva saraṇagamanena tattha ca sakkaccakāritāya ādaragāravabahumānādiyogena payirupāsanato. <span class="bld">Veramaṇiyo</span>ti veraṃ vuccati pāṇātipātādidussīlyaṃ, tassa maṇanato hananato vināsanato veramaṇiyo, pañca viratiyo viratippadhānattā tassa sīlassa. Tenevāha tattha tattha <span class="bld">‘‘paṭivirato hotī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Micchāvaṇijjā</span>ti na sammāvaṇijjā ayuttavaṇijjā asāruppavaṇijjā. <span class="bld">Pahāyā</span>ti akaraṇeneva pajahitvā. <span class="bld">Dhammenā</span>ti dhammato anapetena. Tena aññampi adhammikaṃ jīvikaṃ paṭikkhipati. <span class="bld">Samenā</span>ti avisamena. Tena kāyavisamādiduccaritaṃ vajjetvā kāyasamādinā sucaritena jīvanaṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Satthavaṇijjā</span>ti āvudhabhaṇḍaṃ katvā vā kāretvā vā yathākataṃ vā paṭilabhitvā tassa vikkayo. <span class="bld">Satthavaṇijjā</span>ti manussavikkayo<a name="M1.0240"></a>. <span class="bld">Maṃsavaṇijjā</span>ti sūnakārādayo viya migasūkarādike posetvā maṃsaṃ sampādetvā vikkayo. <span class="bld">Majjavaṇijjā</span>ti yaṃ kiñci majjaṃ yojetvā tassa vikkayo. <span class="bld">Visavaṇijjā</span>ti visaṃ yojetvā, visaṃ gahetvā vā tassa vikkayo. Tattha satthavaṇijjā paroparodhanimittatāya akaraṇīyā vuttā, sattavaṇijjā abhujissabhāvakaraṇato, maṃsavisavaṇijjā vadhahetuto, majjavaṇijjā pamādaṭṭhānato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tassevā</span>ti pañcaveramaṇilakkhaṇassa sīlassa ceva pañcamicchāvaṇijjālakkhaṇassa ājīvassa ca. <span class="bld">Vipattī</span>ti bhedo pakopo ca. <span class="bld">Yāyā</span>ti yāya paṭipattiyā. <span class="bld">Caṇḍālo</span>ti upāsakacaṇḍālo. <span class="bld">Mala</span>nti upāsakamalaṃ. <span class="bld">Patikiṭṭho</span>ti upāsakanihīno. Buddhādīsu kammakammaphalesu ca saddhāvipariyāyo assaddhiyaṃ micchādhimokkho. Yathāvuttena assaddhiyena samannāgato <span class="bld">assaddho</span>. Yathāvutta sīlavipatti ājīvavipattivasena <span class="bld">dussīlo</span>. ‘‘Iminā diṭṭhādinā <a name="V1.0214"></a> idaṃ nāma maṅgalaṃ bhavissatī’’ti evaṃ bālajanaparikappitakotūhalasaṅkhātena diṭṭhasutamutamaṅgalena samannāgato <span class="bld">kotūhalamaṅgaliko</span>. <span class="bld">Maṅgalaṃ paccetī</span>ti diṭṭhamaṅgalādibhedaṃ maṅgalameva pattiyāyati. <span class="bld">No kamma</span>nti kammassakataṃ no pattiyāyati. <span class="bld">Ito bahiddhā</span>ti ito sabbaññubuddhasāsanato bahiddhā bāhirakasamaye. <span class="bld">Dakkhiṇeyyaṃ pariyesatī</span>ti duppaṭipannaṃ dakkhiṇārahasaññī gavesati. <span class="bld">Pubbakāraṃ karotī</span>ti dānamānanādikaṃ kusalakiriyaṃ paṭhamaṃ karoti. Ettha ca dakkhiṇeyyapariyesanapubbakāre ekaṃ katvā pañca dhammā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vipattiyaṃ vuttavipariyāyena <span class="bld">sampatti</span> ñātabbā. Ayaṃ pana viseso – catunnampi parisānaṃ ratijananaṭṭhena upāsakova ratanaṃ <span class="bld">upāsakaratanaṃ</span>. Guṇasobhākittisaddasugandhatāhi upāsakova padumaṃ <span class="bld">upāsakapadumaṃ</span>. Tathā <span class="bld">upāsakapuṇḍarīko</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ādimhī</span>ti ādiatthe. <span class="bld">Koṭiya</span>nti pariyantakoṭiyaṃ. <span class="bld">Vihāraggenā</span>ti ovarakakoṭṭhāsena, ‘‘imasmiṃ gabbhe vasantānaṃ idaṃ nāma panasaphalaṃ pāpuṇātī’’tiādinā taṃtaṃvasanaṭṭhānakoṭṭhāsenāti attho. <span class="bld">Ajjata</span>nti ajjaicceva attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pāṇehi</span> <a name="M1.0241"></a> <span class="bld">upeta</span>nti iminā tassa saraṇagamanassa āpāṇakoṭikataṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘yāva me jīvitaṃ pavattatī’’</span>tiādinā vatvā puna jīvitena taṃ vatthuttayaṃ paṭipūjento ‘‘saraṇagamanaṃ rakkhāmī’’ti uppannaṃ tassa brāhmaṇassa adhippāyaṃ vibhāvento <span class="bld">‘‘ahañhī’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Pāṇehi upeta</span>nti hi yāva me pāṇā dharanti, tāva saraṇaṃ upetaṃ, upento ca na vācāmattena, na ekavāraṃ cittuppādanamattena, atha kho pāṇe pariccajitvāpi yāvajīvaṃ upetanti evamettha attho veditabboti.</p>
<p class="centered">Upāsakavidhikathāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Bhayabheravasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.</p>
<p class="subhead">5. Anaṅgaṇasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para57"></a><a name="para57_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">57</span>. <span class="bld">Āyasmā</span> <a name="V1.0215"></a> <span class="bld">sāriputto</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">iti</span>-saddo ādiattho, evamādikanti attho. Tena ‘‘bhikkhū āmantesī’’tiādikaṃ sabbaṃ suttaṃ saṅgaṇhāti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘anaṅgaṇasutta’’</span>nti. Tassa ko nikkhepo? Attajjhāsayo. Parehi anajjhiṭṭhoyeva hi mahāthero imaṃ desanaṃ ārabhi. Keci panāhu ‘‘ekacce bhikkhū saṃkiliṭṭhacitte disvā tesaṃ cittasaṃkilesappahānāya ceva ekaccānaṃ āyatiṃ anuppādanāya ca ayaṃ desanā āraddhā’’ti. <span class="bld">Evaṃ sabbasuttesū</span>ti yathā ettha anaṅgaṇasutte, evaṃ ito paresūti sabbesupi suttesu anuttānaapubbapadavaṇṇanā eva karīyati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tasmā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Gaṇanaparicchedo</span>ti gaṇanena paricchindanaṃ. Idañhi apparajakkhamahārajakkhatāvasena duvidhe satte paccekaṃ atthaññutānatthaññutāvasena dvidhā katvā ‘‘cattāro’’ti anavasesapariyādānaṃ. Vajjīputtakādayo viya puggalavādīti na gahetabbaṃ lokasamaññānusārena atthaṃ paṭivijjhituṃ samatthānaṃ vasena desanāya āraddhattā, ayañca desanānayo satthu nissāya evāti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘ayañhī’’</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="subhead">Sammutiparamatthadesanākathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha (a. ni. ṭī. 1.1.170) sammutiyā desanā <span class="bld">sammutidesanā,</span> paramatthassa desanā <span class="bld">paramatthadesanā</span>. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti sammutiparamatthadesanāsu, na sammutiparamatthesu. Tenāha <a name="M1.0242"></a> <span class="bld">‘‘evarūpā sammutidesanā, evarūpā paramatthadesanā’’</span>ti. Tatridaṃ sammutiparamatthānaṃ lakkhaṇaṃ – yasmiṃ bhinne, buddhiyā avayavavinibbhoge vā kate na taṃsamaññā, sā ghaṭapaṭādippabhedā sammuti, tabbipariyāyato paramattho. Na hi kakkhaḷaphusanādisabhāve ayaṃ nayo labbhati, tattha rūpādidhammaṃ samūhasantānavasena pavattamānaṃ upādāya puggalavohāroti āha <span class="bld">‘‘puggaloti sammutidesanā’’</span>ti. Sesapadesupi eseva nayo. Uppādavayavanto sabhāvadhammā na niccāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘aniccanti paramatthadesanā’’</span>ti. Esa nayo sesapadesupi. Nanu khandhadesanāpi sammutidesanāva. Khandhaṭṭho hi rāsaṭṭho, koṭṭhāsaṭṭho vāti? Saccametaṃ, ayaṃ pana khandhasamaññā phassādīsu tajjāpaññatti viya paramatthasannissayā tassa āsannatarā, puggalasamaññādayo viya na dūreti paramatthasaṅgahatā vuttā, khandhasīsena vā tadupādānā sabhāvadhammā eva gahitā. Nanu ca sabhāvadhammā sabbepi sammutimukheneva desanaṃ ārohanti, na samukhenāti sabbāpi desanā sammutidesanāva <a name="V1.0216"></a> siyāti? Nayidamevaṃ desetabbadhammavibhāgena desanāvibhāgassa adhippetattā, na ca saddo kenaci pavattinimittena vinā atthaṃ pakāsetīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sammutivasena desanaṃ sutvā</span>ti ‘‘idhekacco puggalo attantapo hoti attaparitāpānuyogamanuyutto’’tiādinā (ma. ni. 2.413; pu. pa. 10.25 mātikā) sammutimukhena pavattitaṃ desanaṃ sutamayañāṇuppādanavasena sutvā. <span class="bld">Atthaṃ paṭivijjhitvā</span>ti tadanusārena catusaccasaṅkhātaṃ atthaṃ saha vipassanāya maggena paṭivijjhitvā. <span class="bld">Mohaṃ pahāyā</span>ti tadekaṭṭhehi kilesehi saddhiṃ anavasesaṃ mohaṃ pajahitvā. <span class="bld">Visesa</span>nti nibbānasaṅkhātaṃ arahattasaṅkhātañca visesaṃ. <span class="bld">Tesa</span>nti tādisānaṃ vineyyānaṃ. <span class="bld">Paramatthavasenā</span>ti ‘‘pañcimāni, bhikkhave, indriyānī’’tiādinā (saṃ. ni. 5.472-474) paramatthadhammavasena. Sesaṃ anantaranaye vuttasadisameva. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti tassaṃ sammutivasena paramatthavasena ca desanāyaṃ. <span class="bld">Desabhāsākusalo</span>ti nānādesabhāsāsu kusalo. <span class="bld">Tiṇṇaṃ vedāna</span>nti nidassanamattaṃ, tiṇṇaṃ vedānaṃ sippaganthānampīti adhippāyo sippuggahaṇañhi parato vakkhati. Sippāni vā vedantogadhe katvā <span class="bld">‘‘tiṇṇaṃ vedāna’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Kathetabbabhāvena ṭhitāni,</span> na katthaci sannihitabhāvenāti vedānampi kathetabbabhāveneva avaṭṭhānaṃ dīpento ‘‘guyhā tayī <a name="M1.0243"></a> nihitā gayhatī’’ti micchāvādaṃ paṭikkhipati. Nānāvidhā desabhāsā etesanti <span class="bld">nānādesabhāsā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paramo uttamo attho <span class="bld">paramattho,</span> dhammānaṃ yathābhūtasabhāvo. Lokasaṅketamattasiddhā <span class="bld">sammuti</span>. Yadi evaṃ kathaṃ sammutikathāya saccatātiāha <span class="bld">‘‘lokasammutikāraṇā’’</span>ti, lokasamaññaṃ nissāya pavattanato. Lokasamaññāya hi abhinivesena vinā ñāpanā ekaccassa sutassa sāvanā viya na musā anatidhāvitabbato tassā. Tenāha bhagavā ‘‘janapadaniruttiṃ nābhiniveseyya, samaññaṃ nātidhāveyyā’’ti (ma. ni. 3.332). <span class="bld">Dhammāna</span>nti sabhāvadhammānaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhūtakāraṇā</span>ti yathābhūtasabhāvaṃ nissāya pavattanato. <span class="bld">Sammutiṃ voharantassā</span>ti ‘‘puggalo satto’’tiādinā lokasamaññaṃ kathentassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Hirottappadīpanattha</span>nti lokapālanakicce hirottappadhamme kiccato pakāsetuṃ. Tesañhi kiccaṃ sattasantāneyeva pākaṭaṃ hotīti puggalādhiṭṭhānāya kathāya taṃ vattabbaṃ. Esa nayo sesesupi. Yasmiñhi cittuppāde kammaṃ uppannaṃ, taṃsantāne eva tassa phalassa uppatti <span class="bld">kammassakatā</span>. Evañhi kataviññāṇanāso akatāgamo vā natthīti sā puggalādhiṭṭhānāya eva kathāya <a name="V1.0217"></a> dīpetabbā. Tehi sattehi kātabbā puññādikiriyā <span class="bld">paccattapurisakāro</span>pi santānavasena nipphādetabbato puggalādhiṭṭhānāya eva kathāya dīpetabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ānantariyadīpanattha</span>nti cutianantaraṃ phalaṃ anantaraṃ nāma, tasmiṃ anantare niyuttāni, tannibbattanena anantarakaraṇasīlāni, anantarapayojanāni vāti <span class="bld">ānantariyāni,</span> mātughātādīni, tesaṃ dīpanatthaṃ. Tānipi hi santānavasena nipphādetabbato ‘‘mātaraṃ jīvitā voropetī’’tiādinā (paṭṭhā. 1.1.423) puggalādhiṭṭhānāya eva kathāya dīpetabbāni, tathā ‘‘so mettāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharatī’’tiādinā (dī. ni. 1.556; 3.308; ma. ni. 1.77; 2.309; 3.230; vibha. 642, 643) ‘‘so anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati ekampi jāti’’ntiādinā (dī. ni. 1.244, 245; ma. ni. 1.148, 384, 431; pārā. 12) ‘‘atthi dakkhiṇā dāyakato visujjhati, no paṭiggāhakato’’tiādinā (ma. ni. 3.381) ca pavattā <span class="bld">brahmavihārapubbenivāsadakkhiṇāvisuddhikathā</span> <a name="M1.0244"></a> puggalādhiṭṭhānāya eva kathāya dīpetabbā sattasantānavisayattā. ‘‘Aṭṭha purisapuggalā (saṃ. ni. 1.249), na samayavimutto puggalo’’tiādinā (pu. pa. 1) ca paramatthaṃ kathentopi lokasammutiyā appahānatthaṃ puggalakathaṃ kathesi. Etena vuttāvasesāya kathāya puggalādhiṭṭhānabhāve payojanaṃ sāmaññavasena saṅgahitanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Kāmañcetaṃ sabbaṃ apariññātavatthukānaṃ vasena vuttaṃ, pariññātavatthukānampi pana evaṃ desanā sukhāvahā hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mahājano</span>ti lokiyamahājano. <span class="bld">Na jānāti</span> ghanavinibbhogābhāvena dhammakiccassa asallakkhaṇena. Tattha ‘‘kiṃ nāmetaṃ, kathaṃ nāmeta’’nti saṃsayapakkhandatāya <span class="bld">sammohaṃ āpajjati</span>. Viruddhābhinivesitāya <span class="bld">paṭisattu hoti</span>. <span class="bld">Jānāti</span> ciraparicitatthā vohārakathāya. Tato eva na <span class="bld">sammohamāpajjati,</span> na paṭisattu hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nappajahanti</span> vohāramukhena paramatthassa dīpanato. Samaññāgahaṇavasena lokena ñāyati samaññāyati voharīyatīti lokasamaññā, tāya <span class="bld">lokasamaññāya</span>. Tassa tassa atthassa vibhāvane lokena nicchitaṃ, niyataṃ vā vuccati voharīyatīti lokanirutti, tassaṃ <span class="bld">lokaniruttiyaṃ</span>. Tathā lokena abhilapīyatīti lokasamaññatāya lokābhilāpo, tasmiṃ <span class="bld">lokābhilāpe ṭhitāyeva</span> appahānato. Puggalavādino viya <span class="bld">paramatthavasena aggahetvā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Santo</span>ti <a name="V1.0218"></a> ettha <span class="bld">santa</span>saddo ‘‘dīghaṃ santassa yojana’’ntiādīsu (dha. pa. 70) kilantabhāve āgato, ‘‘ayañca vitakko ayañca vicāro santā honti samitā’’tiādīsu (vibha. 576) niruddhabhāve āgato, ‘‘adhigato kho myāyaṃ dhammo gambhīro duddaso duranubodho santo paṇīto’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 2.67; ma. ni. 1.281; 2.337; saṃ. ni. 2.172; mahāva. 7) santañāṇagocaratāya, ‘‘upasantassa sadā satimato’’tiādīsu (udā. 27) kilesavūpasame, ‘‘santo have sabbhi pavedayantī’’tiādīsu (dha. pa. 15) sādhūsu, ‘‘pañcime, bhikkhave, mahācorā santo saṃvijjamānā’’tiādīsu (pārā. 195) atthibhāve, idhāpi atthibhāveyeva. So ca puggalasambandhena vuttattā lokasamaññāvasenāti <a name="M1.0245"></a> dassento <span class="bld">‘‘lokasaṅketavasena atthī’’</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Atthī</span>ti cetaṃ nipātapadaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ ‘‘atthi imasmiṃ kāye kesā’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 2.373-374; ma. ni. 1.110; 3.154; a. ni. 6.29; 10.60) viya. <span class="bld">Saṃvijjamānā</span>ti padassa atthaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘upalabbhamānā’’</span>ti āha. Yañhi saṃvijjati, taṃ upalabbhatīti. Aṅganti etehi taṃsamaṅgipuggalā nihīnabhāvaṃ gacchantīti <span class="bld">aṅgaṇāni,</span> rāgādayo. Añjati makkhetīti <span class="bld">aṅgaṇaṃ,</span> malādi. Añjeti tattha ṭhitaṃ ahundaratāya abhibyañjetīti <span class="bld">aṅgaṇaṃ,</span> vivaṭo bhūmipadeso. Dosādīnaṃ pavattiākāravisesatāya nānappakārā bahulappavattiyā <span class="bld">tibbakilesā. Pāpakāna</span>nti lāmakānaṃ. <span class="bld">Akusalāna</span>nti akosallasambhūtānaṃ. <span class="bld">Icchāvacarāna</span>nti icchāvasena pavattānaṃ. <span class="bld">Saha aṅgaṇenā</span>ti aṅgaṇanti laddhanāmena yathāvuttakilesena saha vattati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Atthītipi na jānāti</span> tādisassa yonisomanasikārassa abhāvā. Yesaṃ kilesānaṃ atthitā, tesaṃ sappaṭibhayatā visesato jānitabbāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ime kilesā nāmā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">kakkhaḷā</span>ti pharusā. <span class="bld">Vāḷā</span>ti kururā. <span class="bld">Na gahitabbā</span>ti na uppādetabbā. <span class="bld">Yāthāvasarasato</span>ti yathābhūtasabhāvato. <span class="bld">Evañcā</span>ti ‘‘ime kilesā nāmā’’tiādinā vuttappakārena. <span class="bld">Yena vā tena vā</span>ti navakammesu vā pariyattidhutaṅgādīsu vā yena vā tena vā. <span class="bld">Tatrā</span>ti niddhāraṇe bhummaṃ. Taṃ pana niddhāraṇaṃ saṅgaṇānaṅgaṇasamudāyatoti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘catūsu puggalesū’’</span>ti vatvā puna tadekadesato dassento <span class="bld">‘‘tesu vā dvīsu sāṅgaṇesū’’</span>ti āha. Tañhi dvayaṃ paṭhamaṃ hīnaseṭṭhabhāvena niddhārīyati paṭhamaṃ uddiṭṭhattā. Niddhāraṇañhi kvaci kutoci kenaci hotīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para58"></a><a name="para58_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">58</span>. Kiñcāpi aññattha ‘‘janako hetu, pariggāhato paccayo, asādhāraṇo hetu, sādhāraṇo paccayo, sabhāgo hetu, asabhāgo paccayo, pubbakāliko hetu, sahappavatto paccayo’’tiādinā <a name="V1.0219"></a> hetupaccayā vibhajja vuccanti, idha pana ‘‘cattāro kho, bhikkhave, mahābhūtā hetū, cattāro mahābhūtā paccayā rūpakkhandhassa paññāpanāyā’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 3.85) viya hetupaccayasaddā samānatthāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ubhayenapi kāraṇameva</span> <a name="M1.0246"></a> <span class="bld">pucchatī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">ubhayenā</span>ti hetupaccayavacanadvayena. <span class="bld">Pucchati</span> āyasmā mahāmoggallāno desanaṃ vaḍḍhetukāmo. <span class="bld">Kiñcāpī</span>ti anujānanasambhāvanatthe nipāto. Kiṃ anujānāti? Samānepi dvinnaṃ sāṅgaṇabhāve tassā pajānanāppajānanahetukataṃ tesaṃ seṭṭhahīnataṃ. Kiṃ sambhāveti? Therassa vicittapaṭibhānatāya nānāhetūpamāhi alaṅkatvā yathāpucchitassa atthassa pākaṭakaraṇaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘nappajānātī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Hetu ceva paccayo ca</span> seṭṭhahīnabhāve. Tathāakkhātabbatāpi hi tesaṃ tannimittā evāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para59"></a><a name="para59_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">59</span>. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti tesaṃ dvinnaṃ puggalānaṃ hīnaseṭṭhatāya kāraṇaṃ. Opammehi <span class="bld">pākaṭataraṃ katvā dassetuṃ. Eta</span>nti sutte anantaraṃ vuccamānaṃ vīriyārambhābhāvena aṅgaṇassa appahānaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘na chandaṃ…pe… sandhāyāhā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Kattukamyatāchandha</span>nti kattukamyatāsaṅkhātaṃ aṅgaṇassa pahātukamyatāvasena uppajjanakakusaladhammacchandaṃ. <span class="bld">Na janessatī</span>ti na uppādessati. Kusalo vāyāmo nāma chandato balavāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tato balavataraṃ vāyāmaṃ na karissatī’’</span>ti, chandampi anuppādento kathaṃ tajjaṃ vāyāmaṃ karissatīti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Thāmagatavīriyaṃ</span> ussoḷhībhāvappattaṃ daḷhaṃ vīriyaṃ. Sāṅgaṇaggahaṇeneva aṅgaṇānaṃ kilesavatthutāya cittassa saṃkiliṭṭhatāya saddhāya puna saṃkiliṭṭhaggahaṇaṃ savisesaṃ kiliṭṭhabhāvavibhāvananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘suṭṭhutaraṃ kiliṭṭhacitto’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Malinacitto</span>tiādīsupi ‘‘tehiyevā’’ti ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ. Ukkhalipucchanacoḷakassa viya vasāpītapilotikā viya ca dummocanīyabhāvena malaggahaṇaṃ <span class="bld">malīnatā,</span> pīḷanaṃ hiṃsanaṃ avipphārikatākaraṇaṃ <span class="bld">vibādhanaṃ</span> darathapariḷāhuppādanena paridahanaṃ upatāpanaṃ, <span class="bld">kāla</span>nti kālanaṃ, yathāgahitassa attabhāvassa khepanaṃ āyukkhayanti attho. <span class="bld">Karissatī</span>ti pavattessati, pāpuṇissatīti vuttaṃ hoti. Tathābhūto ca pāṇaṃ cajissati nāmāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘marissatī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Seyyathāpī</span>ti upamānidassane nipāto. Tadatthaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘yathā nāmā’’</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Paṃsuādinā</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena jallādīnaṃ saṅgaho, <span class="bld">ghaṃsanādīhī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena chārikāparimajjanādīnaṃ saṅgahoti. ‘‘Abhirūpāya kaññā dātabbā’’tiādīsu viya antarenapi atisayatthabodhakasaddena atisayattho ñāyatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘malaggahitatarāti vuttaṃ hotī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Paṭipucchāvacana</span>nti anumatipucchāviseso. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="M1.0247"></a> <span class="bld">kariyamānā</span>ti aparibhoga-apariyodapanarajopathanikkhipanehi kiliṭṭhabhāvaṃ āpādiyamānā. <span class="bld">Opammaṃ sampaṭipādento</span>ti yathūpanītaṃ upamaṃ upameyyatthena <a name="V1.0220"></a> samaṃ katvā paṭipādento, saṃsandentoti attho. <span class="bld">Sāṅgaṇo puggalo</span>ti sāṅgaṇo tasmiṃ attabhāve asujjhanakapuggalo. Āpaṇādito kulagharaṃ ānītassa malaggahitakaṃsabhājanassa tattha laddhabbāya visuddhiyā alābhato yathā anukkamena saṃkiliṭṭhatarabhāvo, evaṃ gharato nikkhantassa puggalassa pabbajjāya laddhabbāya visuddhiyā alābhato anukkamena saṃkiliṭṭhatarabhāvoti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘saṃkiliṭṭhakaṃsapātiyā’’</span>tiādimāha. Saṃkiliṭṭhatarabhāvo ca nāma pabbajitassa ājīvavipattivasena vā siyā ācāradiṭṭhisīlavipattīsu aññataravasena vāti taṃ sabbaṃ saṅgahetvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tassa puggalassā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Pācittiyavītikkamanaggahaṇena hi ekaccadiṭṭhivipattiyāpi saṅgaho hotīti. <span class="bld">Ettha ṭhitassā</span>ti etissaṃ ājīvavipattiyaṃ ṭhitassa. Iminā nayena sesesupi yathārahaṃ vattabbaṃ. Sabbaparisasādhāraṇā mahātherassa desanā, tasmā gahapativasenapi yojetabbaṃ. Tattha ukkaṃsagatasaṃkiliṭṭhatarabhāvaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘mātughātādiānantariyakaraṇa’’</span>nti āha. <span class="bld">Avisodhetvā</span>ti yathā attano sīle vā diṭṭhiyā vā visuddhi hoti, evaṃ kilesamalinacittasantānaṃ avisodhetvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhabbapuggalo</span>ti upanissayādisampattiyā tasmiṃ attabhāve visuddhapuggalo. <span class="bld">Ādiṃ katvā</span>ti iminā dhovanaghaṃsanādīhi pariyodapanaṃ ādimantaṃ katvā vadati. <span class="bld">Suddhaṭṭhānaṃ</span> yattha vā na rajena okirīyati. <span class="bld">Daṇḍakammaṃ katvā</span>ti ‘‘ettakā udakā, vālukā vā ānetabbā’’ti daṇḍakammaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Ettha ṭhitassā</span>ti parisuddhe sīle ṭhitassa. Sammāvattapaṭipattisīlehi sīlavisuddhi dassitā. Vattapaṭipattiyāpi hi aṅgaṇānaṃ vikkhambhanaṃ siyā. Tathā hissā saṃkiliṭṭhakaṃsapātiyā parisuddhapariyodātabhāvo upamābhāvena vutto. <span class="bld">Pantasenāsanavāso</span> kilesavikkhambhanaṃ kilesānaṃ tadaṅganivāraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Sotāpattiphalādhigamo…pe… arahattasacchikiriyā</span>ti sattasupi ṭhānesu ‘‘parisuddhapariyodātabhāvo viyā’’ti padaṃ ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ. Pabbajitassa hi visuddhi nāma heṭṭhimantena sīlavisuddhiyā vā siyā kammaṭṭhānānuyogavasena vivekavāsena jhānassādhigamena vā vipassanābhāvanāya vā sāmaññaphalādhigamena vāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rāgaṭṭhāniya</span>nti <a name="M1.0248"></a> rāguppattihetubhūtaṃ. Visabhāgārammaṇaṃ sandhāya vadati <span class="bld">‘‘iṭṭhārammaṇa’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Tasmi</span>nti iṭṭhārammaṇe. <span class="bld">Vipannassatī</span>ti muṭṭhassati. <span class="bld">Taṃ nimitta</span>nti subhanimittaṃ. <span class="bld">Āvajjissatī</span>ti ayoniso āvajjissati. <span class="bld">Sayameva</span> aññena avomisso. Kusalavārapacchindanameva cettha <span class="bld">anuddhaṃsanaṃ</span> daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Sesa</span>nti ‘‘sāṅgaṇo saṃkiliṭṭhacitto’’tiādi. <span class="bld">Vuttanayānusārenā</span>ti paṭhamavāre vuttanayānusārena. <span class="bld">Sabba</span>nti mātughātādiānantariyakaraṇapariyosānaṃ sabbaṃ upamāsaṃsandanavacanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ativirahābhāvato</span>ti <a name="V1.0221"></a> satisammosābhāvato, upaṭṭhitassati bhāvatoti attho. <span class="bld">Sesa</span>nti ‘‘so arāgo’’tiādi. ‘‘Dhovanaghaṃsanasaṇhachārikāparimajjanādīhī’’tiādinā <span class="bld">dutiyavārānusārena</span>. ‘‘Ko nu kho’’tiādi pucchāvasena āgataṃ, idaṃ nigamanavasenāti ayameva viseso.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para60"></a><a name="para60_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">60</span>. <span class="bld">Aṅgaṇa</span>nti tattha tattha nāmato eva vibhāvitaṃ, na pana sabhāvato, pabhedato vāti sabhāvādito vibhāvanaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘nānappakārato pākaṭaṃ kārāpetukāmenā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Icchāya avacarāna</span>nti icchāvasena avacaraṇānaṃ. <span class="bld">Otiṇṇāna</span>nti cittasantānaṃ anupaviṭṭhānaṃ. Te pana tattha paccayavasena nibbattattā pavattā nāma hontīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pavattāna’’nti. Nānappakārāna</span>nti visayabhedena pavattiākārabhedena ca nānāvidhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Yena</span>kāraṇena. Na kevalaṃ lābhatthikatā eva, atha kho puññavantatā sakkatagarukatā ca ettha kāraṇabhāvena gahetabbāti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘pakatiyāpi cā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tena lābhatthikopi na yo koci evaṃ cittaṃ uppādeti puññavā sambhāvanīyoti dasseti. <span class="bld">Therā</span> avajjapaṭicchādanabhayena <span class="bld">majjhimānaṃ ārocenti,</span> tathā majjhimā <span class="bld">navakānaṃ,</span> navakā pana attano navakabhāvena <span class="bld">vighāsādādīnaṃ ārocenti</span> ‘‘passatha tumhākaṃ therassa kamma’’nti. Vighāsādādayo nāma ‘‘īdisassa santike ovādatthaṃ tumhe āgatā’’ti <span class="bld">bhikkhunīnaṃ ārocenti</span>. <span class="bld">Na ca maṃ bhikkhū jāneyyu</span>nti na ca vata maṃ bhikkhū jāneyyuṃ, aho vata maṃ bhikkhū na jāneyyunti yojanā. <span class="bld">Ṭhānaṃ kho paneta</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">kho</span>-saddo avadhāraṇattho, <span class="bld">pana</span>-saddo vacanālaṅkāroti āha <span class="bld">‘‘atthiyevā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Pubbe</span> icchuppādavāravaṇṇanāya <span class="bld">vuttanayena. Iti</span>-saddo idha āsannakāraṇatthoti taṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘iminā kāraṇenā’’</span>ti āha<a name="M1.0249"></a>. <span class="bld">Idañca</span> kopaappaccayānameva gahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Tādisāna</span>nti kopaappaccayādhibhūtānanti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anuraho</span>ti anurūpe rahasi. Evameva hi atthaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vihārapaccante’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Purimasadisamevā</span>ti ‘‘lābhatthiko hī’’tiādinā vuttena purimena yojanānayena sadisameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Codanāya paṭipuggalabhāvo, codanā ca āpattiyāti cuditakena codakassa samānabhāvo āpattiāpannatāyāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘samānoti sāpattiko’’</span>ti. Sappaṭipuggalenevassa codanicchāya kāraṇaṃ vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘aya’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Na cāyaṃ sāpattikatāya eva samānataṃ icchati, atha kho aññathāpīti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘apicā’’</span>tiādimāha. Aññena vā paṭipuggalena <span class="bld">sappaṭipuggalo</span>. Ayañhi ‘‘sappaṭipuggalova maṃ codeyyā’’ti icchati ‘‘evāhaṃ tassa paṭipuggalehi saddhiṃ ekajjhāsayo hutvā tassa upari kiñci vattuṃ kātuṃ vā labhissāmī’’ti <span class="bld">maññamāno</span><a name="V1.0222"></a>. Imasmiṃ pana pakkhe <span class="bld">no appaṭipuggalo</span>ti natthi etassa paṭipuggaloti <span class="bld">appaṭipuggalo</span>ti evamattho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Aho vatā’’ti idaṃ padaṃ dissatīti sambandho, imassa puggalassa icchācāre ṭhitattā bhikkhūnaṃ dhammaṃ deseyyāti vacanato <span class="bld">‘‘tañca kho anumatipucchāyā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Na hesa ‘‘saccaṃ kira tvaṃ bhikkhū’’tiādinā kiñci vītikkamaṃ uddissa bhagavatā pucchitabbataṃ icchati. <span class="bld">No maggaṃ vā phalaṃ vā vipassanaṃ vā antaraṃ katvā</span>ti maggabhāvanaṃ vā phalasacchikiriyaṃ vā sikhāppattavipassanānuyogaṃ vā nirodhasamāpajjanaṃ vā jhānasamāpajjanameva vā antaraṃ kāraṇaṃ katvā bhagavatā attānaṃ paṭipucchitabbaṃ no icchati. <span class="bld">Niccaṃ anicca</span>ntiādinā anumatiggahaṇavasena pucchitabbaṃ icchati, uttānameva katvā pucchitabbaṃ icchatīti attho. Upaharante passatīti sambandho. Abhabbaṭṭhānabhikkhutāya <span class="bld">niharissanti</span> sāsanato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Taṃ sampatti</span>nti parivārasampattiñceva bhikkhūhi kariyamānaṃ sakkāragarukārasampattiñca. <span class="bld">Gahetvā paribhuñjanti</span> mayā saṃvibhāge kariyamāne. <span class="bld">Sayameva paññāyatī</span>ti sayameva gantvā bhikkhūnaṃ purato attānaṃ dasseti, purato vasantaṃ pana bhikkhu purakkhatvā gacchantiyevāti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dakkhiṇodaka</span>nti <a name="M1.0250"></a> aggato upanīyamānaṃ dakkhiṇodakaṃ. Yato eva-kāro, tato aññattha niyamo icchito. Avadhāraṇatthaṃ vā eva-kāraggahaṇanti katvā <span class="bld">ahameva labheyya</span>nti ahaṃ labheyyamevāti evametaṃ avadhāraṇaṃ daṭṭhabbanti adhippāyenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ahameva labheyyanti icchā nātimahāsāvajjā’’</span>ti, aññathā yathārutavasena avadhāraṇe gayhamāne ‘‘na aññe labheyyu’’nti ayamevettha attho siyāti. <span class="bld">Pāsādiko hotī</span>ti idaṃ tassa aggāsanādipaccāsīsanāya kāraṇadassanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anumodana</span>nti maṅgalāmaṅgalesu anumodanāvasena pavattetabbadhammakathaṃ. <span class="bld">Khaṇḍānumodana</span>nti anumodanekadesaṃ. ‘‘Pubbe anumoditapubbo anumodatū’’ti avatvā <span class="bld">therena vuttamatteyeva</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tādisesu ṭhānesū</span>ti tādisesu pesalānaṃ bahussutānaṃ vasanaṭṭhānesu. Sabbampi ratiṃ pavattanato <span class="bld">sabbarattikāni</span>. <span class="bld">Vinicchayakusalāna</span>nti anekavihitesu kaṅkhaṭṭhāniyesu kaṅkhāvinayanāya taṃ taṃ pañhānaṃ vinicchaye kusalānaṃ chekānaṃ. Tesu tesu dhammakathikesu ajjhiṭṭhesu vārena dhammaṃ kathentesu ‘‘ayaṃ byatto’’ti dhammajjhesakena ajjhiṭṭhattā <span class="bld">okāsaṃ alabhamāno</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sakkaccañca</span> <a name="V1.0223"></a> <span class="bld">kareyyu</span>nti bhikkhū yaṃ mama abhivādanapaccuṭṭhānañjalikammasāmīcikammādiṃ karonti. Taṃ ādareneva kareyyuṃ, yañca me parikkhārajātaṃ paṭiyādenti, tampi sundaraṃ sammadeva abhisaṅkhataṃ kareyyunti attho. <span class="bld">Bhāriya</span>nti pāsāṇacchattaṃ viya garukātabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Etaṃ vidhi</span>nti etaṃ ‘‘sakkareyyu’’ntiādinā vuttasakkārādividhiṃ. <span class="bld">Tenā</span>ti tena kāraṇena, bāhusaccādiguṇavisesavato eva sakkārādīnaṃ arahattāti attho. <span class="bld">Evarūpanti</span> īdisaṃ ‘‘piyo garū’’tiādinā (a. ni. 7.37) vuttappakāraṃ. <span class="bld">Evaṃ kareyyu</span>nti evaṃ ‘‘sakkareyyu’’ntiādinā vuttappakāraṃ sakkārādiṃ kareyyuṃ. <span class="bld">Esa nayo</span>ti yoyaṃ bhikkhuvāre vuttavidhi, eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Ito paresu</span> bhikkhunīvārādīsu <span class="bld">vāresu</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ahameva lābhī assa</span>nti etthāpi heṭṭhā vuttanayeneva avadhāraṇaṃ gahetabbaṃ. Piṇḍapātassa paṇītatā upasecanādivasenāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sappitelamadhusakkharādipūritāna’’</span>nti<a name="M1.0251"></a>. <span class="bld">Mañcapīṭhādīna</span>nti nidassanamattaṃ utusappāyānaṃ nivātānaṃ phassitatalānaṃ pihitadvārakavāḷavātapānādīnampi paṇītasenāsanabhāvato. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena vā tesampi gahaṇaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbatthāpī</span>ti sabbesu tesu catūsupi paccayavāresu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para61"></a><a name="para61_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">61</span>. <span class="bld">Kāyakammaṃ disvā</span>ti idaṃ na kāyakammaṃ cakkhuviññeyyaṃ, kāyakammunā pana saha pavattaṃ oṭṭhaparipphandanaṃ bhākuṭikaraṇaṃ kāyaṅgādidassanaṃ kāyakammadassanaṃ viya hotīti katvā vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Vacīkammaṃ sutvā</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo, tasmā kāyavikārajanakā dhammā ‘‘dissantī’’ti vuttā, vacīvikārajanakā ‘‘sūyantī’’ti. Tato eva ca te <span class="bld">paccakkhakāle</span> sammukhakāle <span class="bld">dissanti</span> nāma. <span class="bld">Tirokkhakāle</span> asammukhakāle <span class="bld">sūyanti</span> nāma. Anurūpato gahaṇaṃ <span class="bld">anuggaho</span>. <span class="bld">Āraññikatta</span>nti tassa bhikkhuno dhutaguṇattānurūpato gaṇhāti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘āraññikattaṃ anuggaṇhātī’’</span>ti. Araññe nivāso assāti <span class="bld">āraññiko</span>. Pantaṃ pariyantaṃ dūrataraṃ senāsanaṃ assāti <span class="bld">pantasenāsano</span>. Taṃ pana atthamattena dassentena <span class="bld">‘‘pantasenāsane vasatī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Bhikkhāsaṅkhātānaṃ piṇḍānaṃ pāto piṇḍāpāto, taṃ piṇḍapātaṃ uñchati gavesatīti <span class="bld">piṇḍapātiko</span>. Piṇḍāya patituṃ carituṃ vatametassāti vā piṇḍapāti, so eva <span class="bld">piṇḍapātiko</span>. Dānato avakhaṇḍanato apetaṃ apadānaṃ, saha apadānena sapadānaṃ, anavakhaṇḍanaṃ. Anugharaṃ caraṇasīlo <span class="bld">sapadānacārī</span>. Unnatabhāvena paṃsukūlaṃ viya paṃsukūlaṃ, paṃsu viya vā kucchitabhāvaṃ ulati gacchatīti paṃsukūlaṃ, tassa dhāraṇaṃ idha paṃsukūlaṃ, taṃ sīlamassāti <span class="bld">paṃsukūliko</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tīhi</span> <a name="V1.0224"></a> <span class="bld">kāraṇehi lūkhaṃ veditabbaṃ</span> agghaphassavaṇṇaparihānito apaṃsukūlampi, ko pana vādo paṃsukūlanti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Thūladīghasuttakenā</span>ti thūlena olambamānena dīghasuttakena. <span class="bld">Vaṇṇenā</span>ti ettha phassenapi parihāyatīti vattabbaṃ. Tañhi tattha kharaphassampi hotiyevāti. Kasmā pana pāḷiyaṃ āraññikādiggahaṇena cattārova dhutaguṇā vuttāti? Padhānattā, taggahaṇeneva ca ito paresampi sukhaparibhogatāya gahaṇasambhavato. Yo hi āraññiko pantasenāsano, tassa abbhokāsika-rukkhamūlika-nesajjika-yathāsanthatika-sosānikaṅgāni suparipūrāni. Yo ca piṇḍapātiko sapadānacārī ca, tassa pattapiṇḍikakhalupacchābhattikaekāsanikaṅgāni. Yo pana paṃsukūliko, tassa <a name="M1.0252"></a> tecīvarikaṅgaṃ supariharamevāti. Padhānattā hi bhagavatāpi ‘‘kadāhaṃ nandaṃ passeyyaṃ, āraññaṃ paṃsukūlika’’ntiādinā (saṃ. ni. 2.242; netti. 100) tattha tattha āraññikādayo eva gayhanti. <span class="bld">Ettakā</span>ti pāḷiyaṃ āgatānaṃ paricchijja gahaṇametaṃ, na ettakā sabbepi ekassa ekaṃsato sambhavanti, nāpi ettakāyeva pāpadhammā pahātabbā. Na hi makkhapaḷāsādīnaṃ appahīnabhāvepi <span class="bld">sabrahmacārī neva sakkaronti…pe… na pūjentī</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tamattha</span>nti ‘‘yassa kassacī’’tiādinā vuttamatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Upamāya pākaṭaṃ karonto</span>ti anvayato byatirekato ca udāharaṇena vibhāvento. <span class="bld">Ahikuṇapādīnaṃ atipaṭikūlajigucchanīyatā</span> ativiya duggandhatāya. Sā ca ahīnaṃ tikhiṇakopatāya, kukkuramanussānaṃ odanakummāsūpacayatāya sarīrassa hotīti vadanti. <span class="bld">Imesa</span>nti ahiādīnaṃ. <span class="bld">Vaḍḍhetvā</span>ti uparūpari khipanena racitaṃ katvā. Taṃ pana vaḍḍhitaṃ tena ca bhājanaṃ pūritaṃ hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vaḍḍhetvā paripūretvā’’</span>ti. Janassa dassanayogyaṃ dassanīyaṃ <span class="bld">jaññaṃ,</span> taṃ paramaparisuddhaṃ manoharañca hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘cokkhacokkha’’</span>nti. Abhinavaniviṭṭhā mahāmātā <span class="bld">vadhukā</span>. Sā pana puttalābhayogyataṃ upādāya maṅgalavacanena ‘‘janī’’ti vuccati, tassā niyyamānaṃ paṇṇākāraṃ janiyā haratīti <span class="bld">jaññaṃ</span>. <span class="bld">Ubhayatthā</span>ti atthadvaye. <span class="bld">Punarutta</span>nti āmeḍitavacanamāha. Na manāpaṃ etassāti amanāpo, tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">amanāpatā,</span> tathāpavatto cittuppādoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘amanāpaṃ idanti…pe… adhivacana’’</span>nti. Buddhavesattā liṅgassa <span class="bld">parisuddhakaṃsapātisadisakā</span>. <span class="bld">Kuṇaparacanaṃ viya</span> icchāvacarehi santānassa bharitabhāvo. So pana tesaṃ appahīnatāyāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘icchāvacarānaṃ appahāna’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para62"></a><a name="para62_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">62</span>. ‘‘Tena gāmantavihāraṃ anuggaṇhātī’’ti vattabbe <span class="bld">‘‘āraññikatta’’</span>nti pana potthake likhitaṃ. Na hi sukkapakkhe pāḷiyaṃ āraññikaggahaṇaṃ atthi, sati ca icchāvacarappahāne gāmantavihāro ekantena na paṭikkhipitabbo, icchitabbova tādisānaṃ uttarimanussadhammapaṭicchādanato<a name="V1.0225"></a>. Tathā hi vakkhati <span class="bld">‘‘appicchatāsamuṭṭhānehī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Sālivarabhattaracanaṃ viya icchāvacarappahānaṃ</span> manuññabhāvato tittihetuto ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para63"></a><a name="para63_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">63</span>. <span class="bld">Maṃ</span> <a name="M1.0253"></a> <span class="bld">ta</span>nti ca upayogavacanaṃ paṭi-saddayogena, attho pana sampadānamevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘mayhaṃ tuyha’’</span>nti ca. <span class="bld">‘‘Samaye’’</span>ti <span class="bld">bhummatthe</span> ‘‘samaya’’nti <span class="bld">upayogavacanaṃ</span>. Gijjhakūṭapaṇḍavaisigilivebhāravepullapabbatānaṃ vasena <span class="bld">samantato giriparikkhepena</span>. <span class="bld">Rājagahe</span>ti samīpatthe bhummavacananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘taṃ nissāya viharāmī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Purāṇayānakāraputto</span>ti purāṇe pabbajitato pubbe yānakāraputto tathāpaññāto. <span class="bld">Jimha</span>nti gomuttakuṭilaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sappagatamaggasadisa’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">So</span>ti paṇḍuputto. <span class="bld">Itaro</span>ti samiti. <span class="bld">Cintitaṭṭhānamevā</span>ti cintitacintitaṭṭhānameva tacchati, tañca kho na tassa cittānusārena, atha kho attano suttānusārena tacchanto yānakāraputto. <span class="bld">Citta</span>nti attano cittena mama cittaṃ jānitvā viya.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Na saddhāya pabbajito’’ti imināva kammaphalasaddhāya abhāvo nesaṃ pakāsitoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘assaddhāti buddhadhammasaṅghesu saddhāvirahitā’’</span>ti. Pabbajitānaṃ jīvikā attho etesanti <span class="bld">jīvikatthā</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘iṇabhayādīhī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Kerāṭikaṃ</span> vuccati sāṭheyyaṃ. Saṭhānaṃ guṇavāṇijakānaṃ kammaṃ sāṭheyyanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sāṭheyyañhī’’</span>tiādi. Tucchasabhāvena māno naḷo viyāti naḷo, mānasaṅkhāto uggato naḷo etesanti <span class="bld">unnaḷā</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘uṭṭhitatucchamānā’’</span>ti. Lahukatāya vā <span class="bld">capalā</span>. Pharusavacanatāya <span class="bld">kharavacanā</span>. Tiracchānakathābahulatāya <span class="bld">niratthakavacanapalāpino</span>. <span class="bld">Asaṃvutakammadvārā</span>ti idaṃ kammadvārādīnaṃ asaṃvutabhāvo uppattidvārānaṃ asaṃvutatāya eva hotīti katvā vuttaṃ. Atha vā <span class="bld">chasu indriyesū</span>ti nimitte bhummaṃ, chasu indriyesu nimittabhūtesu asaṃvutakammadvārāti attho. <span class="bld">Yā mattā</span>ti bhojane ayuttapariyesana-ayuttapaṭiggahaṇa-ayuttaparibhoge vajjetvā yuttapariyesana-yuttapaṭiggahaṇa-yuttaparibhogasaṅkhātā yā mattā appamattehi <span class="bld">jānitabbā</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yuttatā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Jāgare</span>ti rattindivaṃ āvaraṇiyehi dhammehi cittaparisodhanasaṅkhāte jāgare. Tesaṃ jāgaritāya adhisīlasikkhāya gāravarahitānaṃ itarasikkhāsu patiṭṭhā eva natthīti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘sikkhāpadesu bahulagāravā na hontī’’</span>ti vatvā tameva gāravābhāvaṃ sarūpena vibhāvento <span class="bld">‘‘āpattivītikkamabahulā’’</span>ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pakatiyāpi <a name="V1.0226"></a><a name="M1.0254"></a> siddhāya ratanattayasaddhāya kammaphalasaddhāya ca <span class="bld">saddhā</span>. <span class="bld">Pivanti maññe</span> yathā taṃ dravabhūtaṃ amataṃ laddhā. <span class="bld">Ghasanti maññe</span> yathā taṃ bahalapiṇḍikasudhābhojanaṃ laddhā. <span class="bld">Attamanavācaṃ nicchārentā</span> ‘‘sādhu sādhū’’ti. Tameva pana sādhukāraṃ hadaye ṭhapetvā <span class="bld">abbhanumodantā.</span> Ettha ca attamanavācānicchāraṇaṃ pivanasadisaṃ katvā vuttaṃ bahiddhābhāvato, manasā abbhanumodanaṃ pana abbhantarabhāvato ghasanasadisaṃ vuttaṃ. Saṅkhādanajjhoharaṇañhi ghasananti. Rassañca ekavacanaṃ hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘rasse sati sāriputtassa upari hotī’’</span>ti. Dīghañca bahuvacanaṃ hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘dīghe sati sabrahmacārīna’’</span>nti. ‘‘Upari hotī’’ti ānetvā sambandho. <span class="bld">Ālasiyabyasanādīhī</span>ti ālasiyena vā ñātibyasanādīhi vā. <span class="bld">‘‘Mahānāgāti vuccantī’’</span>ti vatvā tattha kāraṇaṃ vibhāvento <span class="bld">‘‘tatrā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha ‘‘na gacchantīti nāgā, na āgacchantīti nāgā, na āguṃ karontīti nāgā’’ti yo vividho vacanattho icchito, taṃ vicāretvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘chandādīhī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ, taṃ pana ñeyyāvabodhāya vacanato appamattakāraṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sayameva <span class="bld">āguṃ na karoti</span> sabbathā maggena pahīnaāguttā. So kāmayogādike <span class="bld">sabbasaṃyoge</span> dasavidhasaṃyojanappabhedāni ca sabbabandhanāni <span class="bld">visajja</span> jahitvā <span class="bld">sabbattha</span> yakkhādīsu, sabbesu vā bhavesu kenaci saṅgena <span class="bld">na sajjati</span> tīhi ca vimuttīhi <span class="bld">vimutto,</span> tato eva iṭṭhādīsu tādibhāvappattiyā <span class="bld">tādi,</span> so vuttalakkhaṇena <span class="bld">tathattā</span> taṃsabhāvattā <span class="bld">nāgo pavuccate</span>ti attho veditabbo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘evamettha attho veditabbo’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Aññehi khīṇāsavanāgehi</span> aggasāvakattā guṇavisesayogato <span class="bld">pujjatarā ca pāsaṃsatarā ca. Samaṃ anumodisu</span>nti aññamaññassa subhāsitato sampaṭicchanena samappavattamodatāya samaṃ sadisaṃ abbhanumodiṃsu. Taṃ pana samanumodanaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tatthā’’</span>tiādinā pāḷivaseneva dasseti.</p>
<p class="centered">Sammutiparamatthadesanākathāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Anaṅgaṇasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.</p>
<p class="subhead">6. Ākaṅkheyyasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para64"></a><a name="para64_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">64</span>. <span class="bld">Sampanna</span>nti <a name="V1.0227"></a><a name="M1.0255"></a> paripuṇṇaṃ, samantato pannaṃ pattanti sampannaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘idaṃ paripuṇṇasampannaṃ nāmā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Na</span>nti ‘‘suvā’’ti vuttaṃ suvagaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Sampanno</span>ti sammadeva panno gato upagato. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘samannāgato’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sampanna</span>nti sampattiyuttaṃ. Sā panettha rasasampatti adhippetā sāmaññajotanāya visese avaṭṭhānato. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘seyyathāpi khuddamadhuṃ aneḷaka’’</span>nti, niddosanti attho. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘idaṃ madhurasampannaṃ nāmā’’</span>ti. Sīlassa anavasesasamādānena akhaṇḍādibhāvāpattiyā ca <span class="bld">paripuṇṇasīlā</span>. Samādānato paṭṭhāya acchindanato <span class="bld">sīlasamaṅgino</span>. Samādānato hi accantavirodhidhammānuppattiyā sīlasamaṅgitā veditabbā, cetanādīnaṃ pana sīlanalakkhaṇānaṃ dhammānaṃ pavattikkhaṇe vattabbameva natthi. <span class="bld">Visuddhimagge</span> (visuddhi. 1.9) <span class="bld">vuttā,</span> tasmā tattha vuttanayeneva vitthārakathā veditabbāti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Khettapāripūrī</span>ti nissitapāripūriyā nissayapāripūrimāha nissitakammavipattisampattivisayattā yathā ‘‘mañcā ukkuṭṭhiṃ karontī’’ti. Tathā hi khettena khaṇḍapūtiādidoso vutto. <span class="bld">Khettaṃ khaṇḍaṃ hotī</span>ti aparipūraṃ hoti sassapāripūriyā abhāvato. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘sassaṃ na uṭṭhetī’’</span>ti. Pādamattassapi anekambaṇaphalanato <span class="bld">mahapphalaṃ hoti</span>. Kisalayapalālādibahutāya <span class="bld">mahānisaṃsaṃ</span>. <span class="bld">Evameva</span>nti yathā khittaṃ bījaṃ khaṇḍādicatudosavasena aparipuṇṇaṃ hoti, tadabhāvena ca paripuṇṇaṃ, evaṃ sīlaṃ khaṇḍādicatudosavasena aparipuṇṇaṃ hoti, tadabhāvena ca paripuṇṇanti, catudosatadabhāvasāmaññameva nidassananidassitabbavipattisampattīsu dasseti. <span class="bld">Mahapphalaṃ hoti</span> vipākaphalena. <span class="bld">Mahānisaṃsa</span>nti vipulānisaṃsaṃ. Svāyaṃ ānisaṃso idha pāḷiyaṃ nānappakārena vitthārīyati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ettāvatā kirā</span>ti (a. ni. ṭī. 2.2.37; a. ni. ṭī. 3.10.71-74) <span class="bld">kira</span>-saddo arucisūcanattho. Tenettha ācariyavādassa attano aruccanabhāvaṃ dīpeti. <span class="bld">Sampannasīlā</span>ti anāmaṭṭhavisesaṃ sāmaññato sīlasaṅkhepena gahitaṃ. Tañca catubbidhanti ācariyatthero <span class="bld">‘‘catupārisuddhisīlaṃ uddisitvā’’</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti catupārisuddhisīle. <span class="bld">Jeṭṭhakasīla</span>nti (saṃ. ni. ṭī. 3.5.412) padhānasīlaṃ. <span class="bld">Ubhayatthā</span>ti uddesaniddese. Idha <a name="M1.0256"></a> niddese viya uddesepi <span class="bld">pātimokkhasaṃvaro bhagavatā vutto</span> ‘‘sampannasīlā’’ti vuttattāti adhippāyo<a name="V1.0228"></a>. Sīlaggahaṇañhi pāḷiyaṃ pātimokkhasaṃvaravasena āgataṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘pātimokkhasaṃvaroyevā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha avadhāraṇena itaresaṃ tiṇṇaṃ ekadesena pātimokkhantogadhabhāvaṃ dīpeti. Tathā hi anolokiyolokane ājīvahetu chasikkhāpadavītikkame gilānapaccayassa apaccavekkhitaparibhoge ca āpatti vihitāti. <span class="bld">Tīṇī</span>ti indriyasaṃvarasīlādīni. <span class="bld">Sīlanti vuttaṭṭhānaṃ nāma atthī</span>ti sīlapariyāyena tesaṃ katthaci sutte gahitaṭṭhānaṃ nāma kiṃ atthi yathā pātimokkhasaṃvaroti ācariyassa sammukhattā apaṭikkhipantova upacārena pucchanto viya vadati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ananujānanto’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Chadvārarakkhāmattakamevā</span>ti tassa sallahukabhāvamāha cittādhiṭṭhānamattena paṭipākatikabhāvāpattito. Itaradvayepi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Paccayuppattimattaka</span>nti phalena hetuṃ dasseti. Uppādanahetukā hi paccayānaṃ uppatti. <span class="bld">Idamattha</span>nti idaṃ payojanaṃ imassa paccayassa paribhuñjaneti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Nippariyāyenā</span>ti iminā indriyasaṃvarādīni tīṇi padhānassa sīlassa parivāravasena pavattiyā pariyāyasīlāni nāmāti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni pātimokkhasaṃvarasseva padhānabhāvaṃ byatirekato anvayato ca upamāya vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yassā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">so</span>ti pātimokkhasaṃvaro. <span class="bld">Sesānī</span>ti indriyasaṃvarādīni. <span class="bld">Tassevā</span>ti ‘‘sampannasīlā’’ti ettha yaṃ sīlaṃ vuttaṃ, tasseva. <span class="bld">Sampannapātimokkhā</span>ti ettha pātimokkhaggahaṇena <span class="bld">vevacanaṃ vatvā taṃ vitthāretvā…pe… ādimāha</span>. Yathā aññathāpi ‘‘idha bhikkhu sīlavā hotī’’ti (mahāni. 199) puggalādhiṭṭhānāya desanāya uddiṭṭhaṃ sīlaṃ ‘‘pātimokkhasaṃvarasaṃvuto viharatī’’ti (vibha. 508; mahāni. 199) niddiṭṭhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pātimokkhasaṃvarasaṃvutā</span>ti yo naṃ pāti rakkhati, taṃ mokkheti moceti āpāyikādīhi dukkhehīti ‘‘pātimokkha’’nti laddhanāmena sikkhāpadasīlena pihitakāyavacīdvārā. Te pana yasmā evaṃbhūtā tena samannāgatā nāma honti, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pātimokkhasaṃvarena samannāgatā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparo <a name="M1.0257"></a> nayo (udā. aṭṭha. 31; itivu. aṭṭha. 97) – kilesānaṃ balavabhāvato, pāpakiriyāya sukarabhāvato, puññakiriyāya ca dukkarabhāvato bahukkhattuṃ apāyesu patanasīloti pātī, puthujjano. Aniccatāya vā bhavādīsu kammavegakkhitto ghaṭīyantaṃ viya anavaṭṭhānena paribbhamanato gamanasīloti pātī, maraṇavasena vā tamhi tamhi sattanikāye attabhāvassa pātanasīloti pātī, sattasantāno, cittameva vā, taṃ pātiṃ saṃsāradukkhato mokkhetīti <a name="V1.0229"></a> <span class="bld">pātimokkhaṃ</span>. Cittassa hi vimokkhena satto vimuttoti vuccati. Vuttañhi ‘‘cittavodānā visujjhantī’’ti, ‘‘anupādāya āsavehi cittaṃ vimutta’’nti (mahāva. 28) ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha vā avijjādinā hetunā saṃsāre patati gacchati pavattatīti pātī. ‘‘Avijjānīvaraṇānaṃ sattānaṃ taṇhāsaṃyojanānaṃ sandhāvataṃ saṃsarata’’nti (saṃ. ni. 2.125) hi vuttaṃ. Tassa pātino sattassa taṇhādisaṃkilesattayato mokkho etenāti <span class="bld">pātimokkho</span>. ‘‘Kaṇṭhekālo’’tiādīnaṃ viya samāsasiddhi veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha vā pāteti vinipāteti dukkheti pāti, cittaṃ. Vuttañhi ‘‘cittena nīyati loko, cittena parikassatī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 1.62). Tassa pātino mokkho etenāti <span class="bld">pātimokkho</span>. Patati vā etena apāyadukkhe saṃsāradukkhe cāti pātī, taṇhādisaṃkileso. Vuttañhi ‘‘taṇhā janeti purisaṃ (saṃ. ni. 1.57), taṇhādutiyo puriso’’ti (itivu. 15, 105; a. ni. 4.9) ca ādi. Tato pātito mokkhoti <span class="bld">pātimokkho</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha vā patati etthāti pātī, cha ajjhattikabāhirāni āyatanāni. Vuttañhi ‘‘chasu loko samuppanno, chasu kubbati santhava’’nti (saṃ. ni. 1.70; su. ni. 171). Tato ajjhattikabāhirāyatanasaṅkhātato pātito mokkhoti <span class="bld">pātimokkho</span>. Atha vā pāto vinipāto assa atthīti pātī, saṃsāro. Tato mokkhoti <span class="bld">pātimokkho</span>. Atha vā sabbalokādhipatibhāvato dhammissaro bhagavā ‘‘patī’’ti vuccati, muccati etenāti mokkho, patino mokkho tena paññattattāti pātimokkho<a name="M1.0258"></a>. Pātimokkho eva <span class="bld">pātimokkho</span>. Sabbaguṇānaṃ vā mūlabhāvato uttamaṭṭhena pati ca so yathāvuttatthena mokkho cāti pātimokkho. Pātimokkho eva <span class="bld">pātimokkho</span>. Tathā hi vuttaṃ ‘‘pātimokkhantiādimetaṃ mukhametaṃ pamukhameta’’nti (mahāva. 135) vitthāro.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha vā <span class="bld">pa</span>-iti pakāre, <span class="bld">atī</span>ti accantatthe nipāto, tasmā pakārehi accantaṃ mokkhetīti <span class="bld">pātimokkho</span>. Idañhi sīlaṃ sayaṃ tadaṅgavasena, samādhisahitaṃ paññāsahitañca vikkhambhanavasena, samucchedavasena ca accantaṃ mokkheti mocetīti <span class="bld">pātimokkho</span>. Pati pati mokkhoti vā pātimokkho, tamhā tamhā vītikkamadosato paccekaṃ mokkhoti attho. Pātimokkho eva <span class="bld">pātimokkho</span>. Mokkho vā nibbānaṃ, tassa mokkhassa patibimbabhūtoti pātimokkho<a name="V1.0230"></a>. Sīlasaṃvaro hi nibbedhabhāgiyo sūriyassa aruṇuggamanaṃ viya nibbānassa udayabhūto tappaṭibhāgo viya hoti yathārahaṃ kilesanibbāpanatoti pātimokkho. Pātimokkhoyeva <span class="bld">pātimokkho</span>. Atha vā mokkhaṃ pati vattati mokkhābhimukhanti vā pātimokkhaṃ. Pātimokkhameva <span class="bld">pātimokkha</span>nti evamettha pātimokkhasaddassa attho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ācāragocarasampannā</span>ti kāyikavācasikaavītikkamasaṅkhātena ācārena ceva navesiyagocaratādisaṅkhātena gocarena ca sampannā, sampannaācāragocarāti attho. <span class="bld">Appamattesū</span>ti atiparittakesu anāpattigamanīyesu, dukkaṭadubbhāsitamattesūti apare. <span class="bld">Vajjesū</span>ti gārayhesu. Te pana ekantato akusalasabhāvā hontīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘akusaladhammesū’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Bhayadassino</span>ti bhayato dassanasīlā, paramāṇumattampi vajjaṃ sineruppamāṇaṃ viya katvā bhāyanasīlā. <span class="bld">Sammā ādiyitvā</span>ti sammadeva sakkaccaṃ sabbaso ca ādiyitvā. <span class="bld">Sikkhāpadesū</span>ti niddhāraṇe bhummanti samudāyato avayavaniddhāraṇaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘sikkhāpadesu taṃ taṃ sikkhāpadaṃ samādiyitvā sikkhathā’’</span>ti atthamāha. Sikkhāpadameva hi samādātabbaṃ sikkhitabbañcāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Yaṃ kiñci sikkhākoṭṭhāsesū</span>ti sikkhākoṭṭhāsesu mūlapaññattianupaññatisabbatthapaññattipadesapaññattiādibhedaṃ yaṃ kiñci sikkhitabbaṃ paṭipajjitabbaṃ pūretabbaṃ sīlaṃ. Taṃ pana dvāravasena duvidhamevāti āha <a name="M1.0259"></a> <span class="bld">‘‘kāyikaṃ vācasikañcā’’</span>ti. Imasmiṃ atthavikappe <span class="bld">sikkhāpadesū</span>ti ādhāre bhummaṃ sikkhābhāgesu kassaci visuṃ aggahaṇato. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘taṃ sabba’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para65"></a><a name="para65_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">65</span>. <span class="bld">Kasmā āraddha</span>nti (a. ni. ṭī. 3.10.71-74) desanāya kāraṇapucchā. <span class="bld">Sīlānisaṃsadassanattha</span>nti payojananiddeso. Ko attho kva attho kva nipātitāti? Nayidamevaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Sīlānisaṃsadassanattha</span>nti hi ettha byatirekato yaṃ sīlānisaṃsassa adassanaṃ, taṃ imissā desanāya kāraṇanti kasmā āraddhanti vineyyānaṃ sīlānisaṃsassa adassanatoti atthato āpanno eva hotīti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sacepī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Sīlānisaṃsadassanattha</span>nti pana imassa atthaṃ vivarituṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tesa’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ānisaṃso</span>ti udayo. ‘‘Sīlavā sīlasampanno kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggalokaṃ upapajjatī’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 2.150; 3.316; a. ni. 5.213; mahāva. 285) pana vipākaphalampi ‘‘ānisaṃso’’ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ko viseso</span>ti ko phalaviseso. <span class="bld">Kā vaḍḍhī</span>ti ko abbhudayo. Vijjamānopi guṇo yāthāvato vibhāvito eva abhiruciṃ uppādeti, na avibhāvito, tasmā ekantato ānisaṃsakittanaṃ icchitabbamevāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">visakaṇṭakavāṇijo</span> udāhaṭo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="V1.0231"></a> <span class="bld">guḷo</span> nāma ucchurasaṃ pacitvā cuṇṇādīhi missitvā sampiṇḍane piṇḍībhūtaṃ. <span class="bld">Phāṇitaṃ</span> apiṇḍitaṃ dravībhūtaṃ. <span class="bld">Khaṇḍaṃ</span> bhijjanakkhamaṃ. <span class="bld">Sakkharā</span> nāma phalikasadisā. <span class="bld">Sakkharādīni</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena macchaṇḍikānaṃ saṅgaho. Tasmiṃ kāle guḷādīsu visakaṇṭakavohāro apaccantadese pacuroti <span class="bld">‘‘paccantagāmaṃ gantvā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Dārake ca palāpesuṃ</span> ‘‘visakaṇṭakaṃ mā gaṇhantū’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Piyo</span>ti piyāyitabbo. Piyassa nāma dassanaṃ ekantato abhinanditabbaṃ hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘viyacakkhūhi sampassitabbo’’</span>ti. Pītisamuṭṭhānapasannasommarūpapariggahañhi cakkhu ‘‘piyacakkhū’’ti vuccati. <span class="bld">Tesa</span>nti sabrahmacārīnaṃ. <span class="bld">Manavaḍḍhanako</span>ti pītimanassa paribrūhanato uparūpari pīticittassa uppādako. <span class="bld">Garuṭṭhāniyo</span>ti garukaraṇassa ṭhānabhūto. <span class="bld">Jānaṃ jānātī</span>ti ñāṇena jānitabbaṃ jānāti. Yathā vā aññe ajānantāpi jānantā viya pavattanti, na evamayaṃ, ayaṃ pana jānanto eva jānāti<a name="M1.0260"></a>. <span class="bld">Passaṃ passatī</span>ti dassanabhūtena paññācakkhunā passitabbaṃ passati, passanto eva vā passati. <span class="bld">Evaṃ sambhāvanīyo</span>ti evaṃ viññutāya paṇḍitabhāvena sambhāvetabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sīlesvevassa paripūrakārī</span>ti sīlesu paripūrakārī eva bhaveyyāti evaṃ uttarapadāvadhāraṇaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Evañhi iminā padena uparisikkhādvayaṃ anivattitameva hoti. Yathā pana sīlesu paripūrakārī nāma hoti, taṃ phalena dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ajjhatta’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Vipassanādhiṭṭhānasamādhisaṃvattanikatāya hi idha sīlassa pāripūrī, na kevalaṃ akhaṇḍādibhāvamattaṃ. Tenāha ‘‘yāni kho pana tāni akhaṇḍāni…pe… samādhisaṃvattanikānī’’ti. Evañca katvā upari sikkhādvayaṃ sīlassa sambhārabhāvena gahitanti sīlassevettha padhānaggahaṇaṃ siddhaṃ hoti. Tathā hi cittekaggatāsaṅkhārapariggahānaṃ sīlassānurakkhaṇabhāvaṃ vakkhati. Yaṃ pana vakkhati ‘‘sikkhattayadesanā jātā’’ti (ma. ni. aṭṭha. 1.65), taṃ itarāsampi sikkhānaṃ idha gahitatāmattaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ, na padhānabhāvena gahitataṃ. Yadi evaṃ kathaṃ sīlassa appamattakatāvacanaṃ. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘appamattakaṃ kho panetaṃ, bhikkhave, oramattaka’’nti (dī. ni. 1.7). Taṃ puthujjanagocaraṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Tathā hi tattha na nippadesato sīlaṃ vibhattaṃ, evaṃ katvā tattha sīlamattakanti mattaggahaṇaṃ samatthitanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Anūnenā</span>ti akhaṇḍādibhāvena, kassaci vā ahāpanena upapannena. <span class="bld">Ākārenā</span>ti karaṇena sampādanena. <span class="bld">Cittasamathe</span>ti cittasamādhāne. <span class="bld">Yutto</span>ti aviyutto pasuto. Yo sabbena sabbaṃ jhānabhāvanaṃ ananuyutto, so taṃ bahi nīharati nāma. Yo ārabhitvā antarā saṅkocaṃ āpajjati<a name="V1.0232"></a>, so taṃ vināseti nāma. Yo pana īdiso ahutvā jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati, so <span class="bld">anirākatajjhāno</span>ti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘bahi anīhaṭajjhāno’’</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aniccassa tebhūmakadhammassa, aniccanti vā anupassanā <span class="bld">aniccānupassanā</span>. Tathā <span class="bld">dukkhānupassanā anattānupassanā</span> ca. Tasseva nibbindanākārena pavattā anupassanā <span class="bld">nibbidānupassanā</span>. Virajjanākārena pavattā anupassanā <span class="bld">virāgānupassanā</span>. Nirodhassa anupassanā <span class="bld">nirodhānupassanā</span>. Paṭinissajjanavasena pavattā anupassanā <span class="bld">paṭinissaggānupassanā</span>. Suññāgāragato bhikkhu tattha laddhakāyavivekatāya samathavipassanāvasena cittavivekaṃ <a name="M1.0261"></a> paribrūhento yathānusiṭṭhaṃ paṭipattiyā lokaṃ sāsanañca attano visesādhigamaṭṭhānabhūtaṃ suññāgārañca upasobhayamāno guṇavisesādhiṭṭhānabhāvāpādanena viññūnaṃ atthato taṃ brūhento nāma hotīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘brūhetā suññāgārāna’’</span>nti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ettha cā’’</span>tiādi. Ayameva suññāgārānubrūhanaviññuppasatthānaṃ bhājanaṃ, na senāsanapatiṭṭhāpananti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘ekabhūmakādi…pe… daṭṭhabbo’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Suññāgāra</span>ggahaṇena cettha araññarukkhamūlādi sabbaṃ padhānānuyogakkhamaṃ senāsanaṃ gahitanti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Taṇhāvicaritadesanā</span>ti ‘‘ajjhattikassa upādāyā’’ti (vibha. 937) ādinayappavattaṃ taṇhāvicaritasuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Taṇhāpadaṭṭhānattā</span>ti taṇhāsannissayattā. Na hi taṇhāvirahitā mānadiṭṭhipavatti atthi. <span class="bld">Mānadiṭṭhiyo osaritvā</span>ti dassetabbatāya mānadiṭṭhiyo ogāhetvāti attho. Gahaṇatthameva hi desetabbadhammassa desanāya osaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Taṇhāmānadiṭṭhiyo papañcattayaṃ</span> sattasantānassa saṃsāre papañcanato anuppabandhanavasena vitthāraṇato. <span class="bld">Sīlapadaṭṭhānattā</span>ti sīlādhiṭṭhānattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Adhicittasikkhā vuttāti ānetvā sambandho. Vipassanāvasena suññāgāravaḍḍhaneti yojanā. <span class="bld">Dvepi sikkhā</span>ti adhicittādhipaññāsikkhā. <span class="bld">Saṅgahetvā</span>ti adhisīlasikkhāya saddhiṃ saṅgahetvā vuttā. Yadi evamayaṃ sikkhattayadesanā jātāti sikkhattayānisaṃsappakāsanī siyāti anuyogaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘ettha cā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ heṭṭhā vuttameva. Indriyasaṃvaro viya pātimokkhasaṃvarassa catupārisuddhisīlassa ārakkhabhūtā cittekaggatā vipassanā ca idha gahitāti tadubhayaṃ appadhānaṃ, sīlameva pana padhānabhāvena gahitanti veditabbaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sīlānurakkhikā evā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Balavatarasukha</span>nti <a name="V1.0233"></a> samuppannabyādhidukkhato balavataraṃ, taṃ abhibhavituṃ samatthaṃ jhānasukhaṃ uppajjati. <span class="bld">Balavamamattaṃ hoti,</span> tena daḷhaattasinehena viluttahadayo kusaladhamme chaḍḍento <span class="bld">so tathārūpesu…pe… posetā hoti. Balavamamattaṃ vā sineho na hoti</span> ‘‘suddho saṅkhārapuñjo’’ti yāthāvadassanena <a name="M1.0262"></a> ahaṃkāramamaṃkārābhāvato. Dubbhikkhabhaye khudābhibhavaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘sacepissa antāni bahi nikkhamantī’’</span>ti. Byādhibhayaṃ sandhāyāha ‘‘ussussati visussanī’’ti. Ādi-saddena gahitaṃ corabhayaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘khaṇḍākhaṇḍiko vā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ubhayassā</span>ti samathavipassanādvayassa. Ettha ca ‘‘ajjhattaṃ ceto…pe… suññāgārāna’’nti imehi visesanibbedhabhāgiyabhāvāpādanena sīlaṃ rakkhituṃ samatthā eva cittekaggatāvipassanā gahitā. Yasmā parato jhānavimokkhaphalābhiññāṇaadhiṭṭhānabhāvo sīlassa uddhaṭo, tasmā tassa bhiyyopi sambhārabhūtā eva cittekaggatā vipassanā tattha tattha gahitāti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sīlādī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena yathāvuttacittekaggatāvipassanā saṅgaṇhāti, sīlassa vā mūlakāraṇabhūtaṃ sabbaṃ kammassakatañāṇañca saṅgaṇhāti kammapathasammādiṭṭhiṃ vā. Sīlañhi tadaññampi puññakiriyāvatthu teneva parisodhitaṃ mahapphalaṃ hoti mahānisaṃsanti. <span class="bld">Lābhī assa</span>nti lābhā sāya saṃvaraṇasīlaparipūraṇaṃ pāḷiyaṃ āgataṃ kimīdisaṃ bhagavā anujānātīti? Na bhagavā sabhāvena īdisaṃ anujānāti, mahākāruṇikatāya pana puggalajjhāsayena evaṃ vuttanti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘na cetthā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">ghāsesanaṃ chinnakatho na</span> vācaṃ <span class="bld">payuttaṃ bhaṇe</span>ti chinnakatho mūgo viya hutvā obhāsaparikathānimittaviññattipayuttaṃ ghāsesanaṃ vācaṃ na bhaṇe na katheyyāti attho. <span class="bld">Puggalajjhāsayavasenā</span>ti saṅkhepato vuttamatthaṃ vivaranto <span class="bld">‘‘yesañhī’’</span>tiādimāha. Raso sabhāvabhūto ānisaṃso <span class="bld">rasānisaṃso</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paccayadānakārā</span>ti cīvarādipaccayavasena dānakārā. <span class="bld">‘‘Devānaṃ vā’’</span>ti vuttavacanaṃ pākaṭīkātumāha <span class="bld">‘‘devāpī’’</span>tiādi. ‘‘Pañcime gahapatayo ānisaṃsā’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 2.150) anisaṃsasaddo phalapariyāyopi hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ubhayametaṃ atthato eka’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sassusasurā ca tappakkhikā ca <span class="bld">sassusasurapakkhikā</span>. Te ñātiyonisambandhena āvāhavivāhasambandhavasena sambandhā <span class="bld">ñātī</span>. <span class="bld">Sālohitā</span>ti yonisambandhavasena. <span class="bld">Ekalohitasambaddhā</span>ti ekena samānena lohitasambandhena sambaddhā. <span class="bld">Peccabhāvaṃ gatā</span>ti petūpapattivasena nibbattiṃ <a name="M1.0263"></a> upagatā. Te pana yasmā idha katakālakiriyā kālena katajīvitupacchedā honti, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kālakatā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Pasannacitto</span>ti pasannacittako. Kālakato <a name="V1.0234"></a> pitā vā mātā vā petayoniṃ upapannoti adhikārato viññāyatīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘mahānisaṃsameva hotī’’</span>ti, tassa tathā sīlasampannattāti adhippāyo. Ariyabhāve pana sati vattabbameva natthi. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘anekāni kappasatasahassānī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Bahukāra</span>nti bahupakāraṃ. <span class="bld">Upasaṅkamana</span>nti abhivādanādivasena upagamanaṃ. <span class="bld">Payirupāsana</span>nti upaṭṭhānanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para66"></a><a name="para66_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">66</span>. <span class="bld">Ajjhottharitā</span>ti madditā. <span class="bld">Ukkaṇṭhā</span>ti riñcanā anabhirati ananuyogo. Sīlavā bhikkhu attano sīlakhaṇḍabhayena samāhito vipassako ca paccayaghātena aratiyā ratiyā ca sahitā abhibhavitāva hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sīlādiguṇayuttenevā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cittutrāso</span> bhāyatīti <span class="bld">bhayaṃ</span>. <span class="bld">Ārammaṇaṃ</span> bhāyati etasmāti <span class="bld">bhayaṃ</span>. Purimavārasadisattā <span class="bld">vuttanayamevā</span>ti atidisitvāpi puna taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sīlādiguṇayutto hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Therassa heṭṭhā nisinnattā devatāya <span class="bld">dārakā sakabhāvena saṇṭhātuṃ</span> sukhena vattituṃ <span class="bld">asakkontā</span> asamatthā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Adhikaṃ cetoti <span class="bld">abhiceto,</span> upacārajjhānacittaṃ. Tassa pana adhikatā pākatikakāmāvacaracittehi sundaratāya sapaṭipakkhato visuddhiyā cāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘abhikkantaṃ visuddhicitta’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Adhicitta</span>nti samādhimāha, so ca upacārasamādhi daṭṭhabbo. Vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ, samādhijaṃ pītisukhaṃ, apītijaṃ jhānasukhaṃ, satipārisuddhijaṃ jhānasukhanti catubbidhampi jhānasukhaṃ paṭipakkhato nikkhantataṃ upādāya ‘‘nekkhammasukha’’nti vuccatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘nekkhammasukhaṃ vindantī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Icchiticchitakkhaṇe samāpajjituṃ samatthoti</span> iminā tesu jhānesu samāpajjanavasībhāvamāha, ‘‘nikāmalābhī’’ti pana vacanato āvajjanādhiṭṭhānapaccavekkhaṇavasiyopi vuttā evāti veditabbā. <span class="bld">Sukheneva paccanīkadhamme vikkhambhetvā</span>ti etena tesaṃ jhānasukhakhippābhiññatañca dasseti. <span class="bld">Vipulāna</span>nti vepullaṃ pāpitānaṃ. Jhānānaṃ vipulatā nāma subhāvitabhāvena ciratarappatti, sā ca paricchedānurūpāva icchitabbbāti ‘‘vipulāna’’nti vatvā <span class="bld">‘‘yathāparicchedeyeva vuṭṭhātuṃ samatthoti vuttaṃ</span> <span class="bld">hotī’’</span>ti <a name="M1.0264"></a> āha. Paricchedakālañhi appatvāva vuṭṭhahanto akasiralābhī na hoti yāvadicchakaṃ pavattetuṃ asamatthattā. Idāni teyeva yathāvutte samāpajjanādivasībhāve byatirekavasena vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ekacco hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">lābhīyeva hotī</span>ti idaṃ paṭiladdhamattassa jhānassa vasena vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Tathā</span>ti icchiticchitakkhaṇe. <span class="bld">Pāribandhike</span>ti vasībhāvassa paccanīkadhamme. Jhānādhigamassa pana paccanīkadhammā pageva vikkhambhitā, aññathā jhānādhigamo eva na siyā. <span class="bld">Kicchena vikkhambhetī</span>ti kicchena visodheti. Kāmādīnavapaccavekkhaṇādīhi kāmacchandādīnaṃ viya <a name="V1.0235"></a> aññesampi samādhipāribandhikānaṃ dūrasamussāraṇaṃ idha vikkhambhanaṃ visodhanañcāti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Nāḷikāyanta</span>nti kālamānanāḷikāyantaṃ āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Visesena rūpāvacaracatutthajjhānaṃ sabbaso vasībhāvāpāditaṃ abhiññāpādakanti adhippāyenāha <span class="bld">‘‘abhiññāpādake jhāne vutte’’</span>ti. Arūpajjhānampi pana adhiṭṭhānatāya pādakameva cuddasadhā cittaparidamanena vinā tadabhāvato. ‘‘Evamabhiññāpādake rūpāvacarajjhāne vutte rūpāvacaratāya kiñcāpi abhiññānaṃ lokiyavāro āgato’’ti ayañhettha adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Na</span>nti abhiññāvāraṃ. <span class="bld">Cattāri…pe… ariyamaggā sīlānaṃ ānisaṃso</span> sampannasīlasseva lābhato. <span class="bld">Pariyādiyitvā</span>ti gahetvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aṅgasantatāyā</span>ti nīvaraṇādīnaṃ paccanīkadhammānaṃ sudūratarabhāvena jhānaṅgānaṃ vūpasantatāya, nibbutasabbadarathapariḷāhatāyāti attho, yato tesaṃ jhānānaṃ paṇītatarādibhāvo. <span class="bld">Ārammaṇasantatāyā</span>ti rūpapaṭighādivigamanena saṇhasukhumādibhāvappattasantabhāvena. Yadaggena hi nesaṃ bhāvanābhisamayasabbhāvitasaṇhasukhumākārāni ārammaṇāni santāni, tadaggena jhānaṅgānaṃ santatā veditabbā. Ārammaṇasantatāya santatā lokuttaradhammārammaṇāhi paccavekkhaṇāhi dīpetabbā. Vimuttā visesena muttā. Ye hi jhānadhammā tathāpavattapubbabhāgabhāvanāhi tabbisesatāya sātisayaṃ paṭipakkhadhammehi vimuttivasena pavattanti, tato eva tathāvimuttatāya pitu aṅke vissaṭṭhaaṅgapaccaṅgo viya kumāro nirāsaṅkabhāvena ārammaṇe adhimuttā ca pavattanti, te vimokkhāti vuccanti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vimokkhāti paccanīkadhammehi vimuttattā ārammaṇe ca adhimuttattā’’</span>ti<a name="M1.0265"></a>. Yadipi ārammaṇasamatikkamavasena pattabbāni āruppāni, na aṅgātikkamavasena, tathāpi yasmā ārammaṇe avirattassa jhānasamatikkamo na hoti, samatikkantesu ca jhānesu ārammaṇaṃ samatikkantameva hoti, tasmā ārammaṇasamatikkamaṃ avatvā <span class="bld">‘‘rūpāvacarajjhāne atikkamitvā’’</span>ti icceva vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Atikkamma rūpe</span>ti pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘sampādetabbā, passitabbā’’ti vā kiñci padaṃ icchitabbaṃ, asutaparikappanena pana payojanaṃ natthīti <span class="bld">‘‘santāti padasambandho’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Evañca katvā tena virāgabhāvena tesaṃ santatāti ayampi attho vibhāvito hoti. Rūpajjhānādīnaṃ viya natthi etesaṃ ārammaṇabhūtaṃ vā phalabhūtaṃ vā rūpanti arūpā. Arūpā eva <span class="bld">āruppā</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ārammaṇato ca vipākato ca rūpavirahitā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Nāmakāyenā</span>ti sahajātanāmasamūhena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para67"></a><a name="para67_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">67</span>. <span class="bld">Saṃyojentī</span>ti bandhanti. Kehīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘khandhagatī’’</span>tiādi. Asamucchinnarāgādikassa <a name="V1.0236"></a> hi khandhādīnaṃ āyatiṃ khandhādīhi sambandho, samucchinnarāgādikassa pana taṃ natthi katānampi kammānaṃ asamatthabhāvāpattitoti. Rāgādīnaṃ anvayato ca saṃyojanaṭṭho siddhoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘khandhagati…pe… vuccantī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Parikkhayenā</span>ti samucchedena sabbaso āyatiṃ anuppajjanena. Paṭipakkhadhammānaṃ anavasesato savanato pīḷanato <span class="bld">soto,</span> ariyamaggoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sototi ca maggassetaṃ adhivacana’’</span>nti. Taṃ sotaṃ ādito panno adhigacchīti <span class="bld">sotāpanno,</span> aṭṭhamako. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘taṃsamaṅgīpuggalassā’’</span>ti, paṭhamamaggakkhaṇe puggalassāti adhippāyo. Idha pana <span class="bld">panna</span>-saddo ‘‘phalasacchikiriyāya paṭipanno’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 8.59) viya vattamānakālikoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘maggena phalassa nāmaṃ dinna’’</span>nti. Abhītakālikatte pana sarasatova nāmalābho siyā. Virūpaṃ sadukkhaṃ saupāyāsaṃ nipātetīti <span class="bld">vinipāto,</span> apāyadukkhe khipanako. <span class="bld">Dhammo</span>ti sabhāvo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘attāna’’</span>ntiādi. <span class="bld">Kasmā</span>ti avinipātadhammatāya kāraṇaṃ pucchati. Apāyaṃ gamentīti apāyagamanīyā. Sambujjhatīti <span class="bld">sambodhi</span>, ariyamaggo. So pana paṭhamamaggassa adhigatattā avasiṭṭho eva adhigandhabbabhāvena icchitabboti āha <span class="bld">‘‘uparimaggattaya’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vaṇṇabhaṇanatthaṃ vuttāni,</span>na pahātabbānīti adhippāyo. Oḷārikānaṃ rāgādīnaṃ samucchindanavasena pavattamāno dutiyamaggo avasiṭṭhānaṃ tesaṃ tanubhāvāpattiyā <a name="M1.0266"></a> uppanno nāma hotīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘rāgadosamohānaṃ tanuttā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Adhiccuppattiyā</span>ti kadāci karahaci uppajjanena. <span class="bld">Pariyuṭṭhānamandatāyā</span>ti samudācāramudutāya. <span class="bld">Abhiṇhaṃ na uppajjanti</span> tajjassa ayonisomanasikārassa anibaddhabhāvato. <span class="bld">Mandamandā uppajjanti</span> vipallāsānaṃ tappaccayānañca mohamānādīnaṃ mudutarabhāvato. <span class="bld">Bahalāva uppajjanti</span> vatthupaṭisevanatoti adhippāyo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tathā hī’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sakiṃ āgamanadhammo</span>ti paṭisandhivasena sakiṃyeva āgamanasabhāvo. <span class="bld">Ekavāraṃyeva…pe… āgantvā</span>ti iminā pañcasu sakadāgāmīsu cattāro vajjetvā ekoyeva gahitoti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘yopi hī’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha yvāyaṃ pañcamako sakadāgāmī ‘‘idha maggaṃ bhāvetvā devaloke nibbatto, tattha yāvatāyukaṃ ṭhatvā puna idhūpapajjitvā parinibbāyatī’’ti vutto, tassa ekabījinā saddhiṃ kiṃ nānākaraṇanti? Ekabījissa ekā paṭisandhi, sakadāgāmissa dve paṭisandhiyoti idaṃ tesaṃ nānākaraṇaṃ. Yassa hi sotāpannassa ekaṃyeva khandhabījaṃ, na ekaṃ attabhāvaggahaṇaṃ, so ekabījīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Heṭṭhā</span>ti <a name="V1.0237"></a> ‘‘amahaggatabhūmiya’’nti heṭṭhā sambandhanena. Heṭṭhābhāgassa hitāti <span class="bld">heṭṭhābhāgiyā,</span> tesaṃ. <span class="bld">Tānīti</span> orabbhāgiyasaṃyojanāni. <span class="bld">Kāmāvacare nibbattatiyeva</span> ajjhattaṃ saṃyojanattā. Tathā hesa dūratopi āvattidhammo evāti dassetuṃ gilabaḷisamacchādayo upamābhāvena vuttā. <span class="bld">Opapātiko</span>ti iminā gabbhavāsadukkhābhāvamāha. <span class="bld">Tattha parinibbāyī</span>ti iminā sesadukkhābhāvaṃ. Tattha parinibbānatā cassa kāmaloke khandhabījassa apunārohavasenevāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘anāvattidhammo’’</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para68"></a><a name="para68_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">68</span>. <span class="bld">Kevalā</span>ti lokiyābhiññāhi asammissā. <span class="bld">Lokiyapañcābhiññāyopi sīlānaṃ ānisaṃso</span> tadavinābhāvato. Tāpi dassetuṃ ākaṅkheyya ce…pe… evamādimāhāti yojanā. Āsavānaṃ anavasesappahānato arahattamaggoyeva visesato ‘‘āsavakkhayo’’ti vattabbataṃ arahatīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘āsavakkhaye kathite’’</span>ti, aññathā sabbāpi chaḷabhiññā āsavakkhayo evāti. <span class="bld">Imesaṃ guṇāna</span>nti lokiyābhiññānaṃ<a name="M1.0267"></a>. Yathā purisassa muṇḍitaṃ sīsaṃ sikhāvirahitattā na sobhati, evaṃ desanāya sīsabhūtāpi aggamaggakathā lokiyābhiññārahitā na sobhatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ayaṃ kathā muṇḍābhiññākathā nāma bhaveyyā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Iddhivikubbanā</span>ti iddhi ca vikubbanā ca. Vikubbanaggahaṇena cettha vikubbaniddhimāha, iddhiggahaṇena tadaññaṃ sabbañca abhiññākiccaṃ. <span class="bld">Yuttaṭṭhāneyevā</span>ti lokiyābhiññānaṃ nibbattanassa viya desanāya yuttaṭṭhāneyeva. Etena na kevalaṃ desanakkamenevāyaṃ desanā, atha kho paṭipattikkamenapīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Visuddhimagge</span> (visuddhi. 2.369) <span class="bld">vuttā,</span> tasmā tattha vuttanayeneva veditabbāti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para69"></a><a name="para69_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">69</span>. <span class="bld">Āsavānaṃ khayā</span>ti heṭṭhimamaggena khepitāvasiṭṭhānaṃ āsavānaṃ arahattamaggena samucchindanato. Yasmā arahattamaggo na kevalaṃ āsaveyeva khepeti, atha kho avasiṭṭhe sabbakilesepi, tasmā āha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbakilesānaṃ khayā’’</span>ti. Lakkhaṇamattañhettha āsavaggahaṇaṃ, āsavānaṃ ārammaṇabhāvassapi anupagamanato anāsavaṃ. Yasmā pana tattha āsavānaṃ lesopi natthi, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘āsavavirahita’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Samādhi vutto</span> cetosīsena yathā ‘‘cittaṃ paññañca bhāvaya’’nti (saṃ. ni. 1.23, 192; peṭako. 22; mi. pa. 2.1.9) adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Rāgato vimuttattā avijjāya vimuttattā</span>ti idaṃ ujuvipaccanīkapaṭippassaddhidassanaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ, na tadaññesaṃ pāpadhammānaṃ appaṭippassaddhattā. Idāni tameva samādhipaññānaṃ rāgāvijjāpaṭipakkhataṃ āgamena dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vuttaṃ ceta’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Samathaphala</span>nti samathassa phalaṃ lokiyasamathabhāvanāya hi vipassanāgatāya āhitaphalassa lokuttarasamathassa sarikkhakaphalo <span class="bld">cetovimutti</span>. <span class="bld">Vipassanāphala</span>nti etthāpi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Attanoyevā</span>ti sutamayañāṇādinā viya parapaccayataṃ <a name="V1.0238"></a> nayaggāhañca muñcitvā paratoghosānugatabhāvanādhigamabhūtatāya attanoyeva <span class="bld">paññāya paccakkhaṃ katvā</span> sayambhuñāṇabhūtāyāti adhippāyo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘aparappaccayena ñatvā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbampi ta</span>nti sabbampi sattarasavidhaṃ taṃ yathāvuttaṃ sīlānisaṃsaṃ. Yathā ānisaṃsavante sammadeva sampādite tadānisaṃsā dassitā eva honti tadāyattabhāvato, evaṃ ānisaṃsapadhānayogyabhāvena dassite <a name="M1.0268"></a> tadānisaṃsā dassitā eva hontīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sampiṇḍetvā dassento’’</span>ti. Vuttasseva atthassa punavacanaṃ nigamananti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘nigamanaṃ āhā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Pubbe</span>ti desanārambhe. <span class="bld">Evaṃ vutta</span>nti ‘‘sampannasīlā’’ti evamādinā ākārena vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Idaṃ sabbampī</span>ti idaṃ ‘‘sampannasīlā’’tiādikaṃ sabbampi vacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Etaṃ paṭiccā</span>ti etaṃ sampannasīlassa bhikkhuno yathāvuttasattarasavidhānisaṃsabhāgitaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Idameva hi ‘‘iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ, idametaṃ paṭicca vutta’’nti vacanaṃ sandhāya <span class="bld">‘‘sabbampi taṃ sīlānisaṃsaṃ sampiṇḍetvā dassento’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Etthaādito chahi ānisaṃsehi parittabhūmikā sampatti gahitā, tadantaraṃ pañcahi lokiyābhiññāhi ca mahaggatabhūmikā, itarehi lokuttarabhūmikāti evaṃ catubhūmikasampadānisaṃsasīlaṃ nāmetaṃ mahantaṃ mahānubhāvaṃ, tasmā taṃsampādane sakkaccakāritā appamattena bhavitabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Ākaṅkheyyasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.</p>
<p class="subhead">7. Vatthasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para70"></a><a name="para70_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">70</span>. Chādetabbaṃ <a name="V1.0239"></a> ṭhānaṃ vasati paṭicchādetīti <span class="bld">vatthaṃ</span>. Yaṃ samānaṃ viya na sabbaso minoti, mānassa pana samīpe, taṃ upamānaṃ. Upamīyati etāyāti upamā, upamāya bodhakavacanaṃ <span class="bld">upamāvacanaṃ</span>. <span class="bld">Katthaci</span> sutte. <span class="bld">Attha</span>nti upamiyatthaṃ. Paṭhamaṃ upamaṃ vatvā tadanantaraṃ atthaṃ vatvā puna upamaṃ vadanto <span class="bld">‘‘upamāya atthaṃ parivāretvā dassetī’’</span>ti vutto. <span class="bld">Atthena upamaṃ parivāretvā</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo. Idāni te cattāropi pakāre sutte āgatanayeneva dassento <span class="bld">‘‘seyyathāpissu, bhikkhave’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">dve agārā</span>ti dve paṭivissakagharā. <span class="bld">Sadvārā</span>ti sammukhadvārā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Svāya</span>nti so ayaṃ evaṃ upamādassanavasenapi nānānayenapi dhammadesako bhagavā. Ekaccānaṃ veneyyānaṃ atthassa sukhāvabodho paṭhamaṃ upamādassane hetu, evaṃ paṭhamaṃ atthadassane, upamāya atthaparivāraṇe, atthena upamāparivāraṇe cā’’ti imamatthaṃ dasseti <span class="bld">‘‘esa nayo sabbatthā’’</span>ti <a name="M1.0269"></a> iminā. <span class="bld">Dhammadhātuyā</span>ti sabbaññutaññāṇassa. Tañhi dhammadhātupariyāpannattā yathāvuttadhamme ca sabbepi ñeyyadhamme ca padahati yathāsabhāvato bujjhati bodheti cāti dhātu, dhīyanti vā dhammā etāya sabbākārato ñāyanti ñāpiyanti cāti dhammadhātu. Tassā pana suṭṭhu saccasampaṭivedhavasena laddhattā <span class="bld">suppaṭividdhattā</span>ti, yadaggena vā ñeyyaṃ tāya suppaṭividdhaṃ, tadaggena sāpissa suppaṭividdhā evāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘suppaṭividdhattā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pakatipariyodātassa cittassa āgantukehi upakkilesehi upakkiliṭṭhabhāvadassanatthaṃ saṃkiliṭṭhavatthadassananti katvā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pakatiparisuddhaṃ vattha’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Rajādinā</span>ti ettharajo nāma reṇu. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena aṇutajjāridhūmādikaṃ vatthassa aparisuddhikāraṇaṃ saṅgaṇhāti. Sabbaso kilissati vinassati visuddhi etenāti saṃkileso, tena <span class="bld">saṃkilesena paṃsurajādinā saṃkiliṭṭhaṃ</span> vaṇṇavināsanena vidūsitaṃ. <span class="bld">Malaṃ</span> masi. <span class="bld">Jallikā</span> vuccati loṇapaṭalādi chaviyā upari ṭhitaṃ sarīramalaṃ. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena sarīrajallameva assukheḷasiṅghāṇikādikaṃ tadaññamalaṃ saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Gahitattā</span>ti pariyonandhanavasena gahitattā. Rajanti sattā tenāti raṅgaṃ, raṅgameva <span class="bld">raṅgajātaṃ</span> yathā kopameva kopajātaṃ. <span class="bld">Upanāmeyyā</span>ti pakkhipeyya. <span class="bld">Nīlakatthāyā</span>ti nīlavaṇṇatthāya. <span class="bld">Palāsanīlādiketi ādi</span>-saddena kāḷasāmādiṃ saṅgaṇhāti. Haliddikakudhaselādike <span class="bld">pītakaraṅge</span>. Lākhāpattaṅgarasādike <a name="V1.0240"></a> <span class="bld">lohitakaraṅge</span>. Mahārajanaloddakandulādike <span class="bld">mandarattaraṅge</span>. Duṭṭhu rajitavaṇṇaṃ apabhassaraṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘aparisuddhavaṇṇamevassā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Īdisa</span>nti durattavaṇṇaṃ. Tasmiṃ vatthe raṅgajātaṃ sayaṃ suparisuddhaṃ samānaṃ kissa hetu kena rattavaṇṇaṃ aparisuddhaṃ hotīti raṅgajātassa niddosataṃ vadati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yasmā panā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Saṃkilesapakkhaṃ dassentena asaṃkiliṭṭhameva vatthaṃ udāharitabbanti pākaṭoyamattho, saṃkiliṭṭhavatthanidassanena pana ‘‘siyā nu kho aññopi koci viseso’’ti adhippāyena pucchati <span class="bld">‘‘kasmā panā’’</span>tiādinā. Itaro atthavisesoti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘vāyāmamahapphaladassanattha’’</span>ntiādimāha. Ettha ca saṃkiliṭṭhacittavisodhanavidhāne saṃkiliṭṭhavatthaṃ nidassatabbanti paṭiññā, vāyāmamahapphaladassanatthanti hetuattho. <span class="bld">Yathā hī</span>tiādi anvayattho. <span class="bld">Na tattha jātikāḷake viyā</span>tiādi byatirekattho. Sadisūdāharaṇaṃ pana malaggahitakaṃsapātiādi daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Evaṃ cittampī</span>tiādi <a name="M1.0270"></a> opammatthassa upameyyaupanayanaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">pakatiyā</span>ti akittimena sabhāvena. Tanti cittaṃ. Sāmaññaggahaṇañcetaṃ cittabhāvāvisesato. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sakalepī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Paṇḍarameva</span> na saṃkiliṭṭhaṃ saṃkilesehi asamannāgatabhāvato. Nanu kiriyāmayacittehi vipākasantāne visesādhānaṃ labbhati, aññathā katavināsā katabbhāgamā āpajjeyyuṃ? Kiñcāpi labbhati, tassa saṃkileso vaṭṭupanissayo, asuddhi vā na hoti, asaṃkileso vivaṭṭupanissayo, visuddhi vā na hoti eva. <span class="bld">Upakkiliṭṭha</span>nti panetaṃ upakkilesanārahassa cittassa vasena vuttaṃ, na vipākapabandhassa. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘pabhassaramidaṃ bhikkhave citta’’</span>nti, <span class="bld">‘‘paṇḍaramevā’’</span>ti ca. <span class="bld">Tañca kho</span>ti pana sakasantatipariyāpannatāya nesaṃ kevalaṃ ekattanayavasena vuttaṃ, na vipākadhammānaṃ kilesāsamaṅgibhāvato. Atha vā <span class="bld">upakkiliṭṭha</span>nti iminā upakkilesahetu tattha vijjamānaṃ visesādhānamāha, na ‘‘saṃkiliṭṭhā dhammā’’tiādīsu (dha. sa. 77.dukamātikā) viya taṃsamaṅgitanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Visodhiyamāna</span>nti vipassanāpaññāya anukkamena sabbupakkilesehi vimociyamānaṃ. <span class="bld">Sakkā</span> aggamaggakkhaṇe <span class="bld">pabhassarataraṃ kātuṃ,</span> yato na puna upakkilissati. <span class="bld">Eva</span>ntiādi vuttassevatthassa nigamanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Duṭṭhagatiparipūraṇavasena paṭipajjanaṃ <span class="bld">paṭipatti</span>. Sā eva kilesadarathapariḷāhādivasena upāyāsadukkhā, kucchitā vā gati pavatti, duggatihetūti vā <span class="bld">duggati,</span> duggatiyā pana paṭipattiyā gandhabbato, tassā vā nipphannabhāvato kucchito, dukkhā ca gatīti <span class="bld">duggati</span>. <span class="bld">Saṃkiliṭṭhacitto</span>ti idaṃ tassā paṭipattiyā duggatibhāvadassanatthaṃ, na visesanatthaṃ. Na hi asaṃkiliṭṭhacittassa pāṇaghātādivasena pavatti. <span class="bld">Saṃkiliṭṭhacitto</span>ti lābhāsāya sabbaso kiliṭṭhacitto<a name="V1.0241"></a>. <span class="bld">Dūteyyapahiṇagamana</span>nti dūteyyaṃ vuccati dutakammaṃ, gihīnaṃ paṇṇaṃ vā sāsanaṃ vā gahetvā tattha tattha gamanaṃ, pahiṇagamanaṃ gharāgharaṃ pesitassa khuddakagamanaṃ, dūteyyagamanaṃ pahiṇagamanañca gacchati. <span class="bld">Vejjakamma</span>nti ananuññāte ṭhāne lābhāsāya gahaṭṭhānaṃ bhesajjaṃ karoti. <span class="bld">Saṅghabheda</span>kathā parato āgamissati. <span class="bld">Veḷudānādīhī</span>ti veḷudānapattadānapupphadānādīhi micchājīvena <span class="bld">jīvikaṃ kappeti</span>. <span class="bld">Sakalampī</span>ti ‘‘atthi anācāro, atthi agocaro’’tiādinā <span class="bld">vibhaṅge</span> (vibha. 513, 514) āgataṃ sabbampi anācāraṃ agocarañca caraṇavasena paripūreti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Nirayampi</span> <a name="M1.0271"></a> <span class="bld">…pe… pettivisayampi gacchatī’’</span>ti vatvā tattha pettivisayagamanaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘samaṇayakkho nāma hotī’’</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sukkapakkhe <span class="bld">parisuddha</span>nti sabbaso visuddhaṃ asaṃkiliṭṭhaṃ. Parisuddhattā eva <span class="bld">pariyodātaṃ,</span> pabhassaranti attho. <span class="bld">Surattavaṇṇamevassā</span>ti suṭṭhu rattavaṇṇameva assa. <span class="bld">Parisuddhavaṇṇamevassā</span>ti nīlavaṇṇopissa parisuddho ca bhaveyyāti evamādiṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘kaṇhapakkhe vuttapaccanīkeneva veditabbā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Raṅgajāta</span>ntiādi pana tattha vuttavaseneva veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭipattisugati</span>ādīsu yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ paṭipattiduggatiādīsu vuttavipariyāyena veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Parisuddhacitto</span>ti suddhāsayo. <span class="bld">Dasa kusalakammapathe paripūretī</span>ti idaṃ kaṇhapakkhe ‘‘dasa akusalakammapathe paripūretī’’ti vuttassa paṭipakkhadassanavasena vuttaṃ. Yathā hi tattha abhijjhābyāpādamicchādiṭṭhiggahaṇena kammapathasaṃsandananayena kammapathaṃ appattāya ca agāriyassa tathārūpāya micchāpaṭipattiyā saṅgaho icchito, evaṃ idhāpi anabhijjhāabyāpādasammādiṭṭhiggahaṇena alobhādosāmohavasena pavattā agāriyassa sammāpaṭipatti saṅgahitāti daṭṭhabbaṃ, na kammapathappattāvāti. <span class="bld">Manussamahantata</span>nti jātirūpabhogādhipateyyādivasena manussesu mahantabhāvaṃ. Dasahi ṭhānehi aññesaṃ devānaṃ abhibhavo <span class="bld">devamahantatā</span>. Paṭipatti sugatiyā bhājiyamānattā <span class="bld">‘‘anāgāmimaggaṃ bhāvetī’’</span>ti tathā anāgāmibhāvanaṃ pāpetvā ṭhapitā. Gahitaggahaṇena sukhānubhavaṭṭhānassa adhippetattā tadabhāvato asaññibhavaṃ anādiyanto <span class="bld">‘‘dasasu vā brahmabhavanesū’’</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para71"></a><a name="para71_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">71</span>. <span class="bld">Sakabhaṇḍe chandarāgo</span> abhijjhāyanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">abhijjhā,</span> abhijjhāyanāti attho. <span class="bld">Parabhaṇḍe chandarāgo</span> visamaṃ lubbhatīti <span class="bld">visamalobho</span>. Evampi abhijjhāvisamalobhānaṃ viseso hotīti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘atha vā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha attano santakaṃ taṃsadisañca <span class="bld">yuttaṭṭhānaṃ</span>. Yaṃ yācitaṃ, appakasirena vā sakkā laddhuṃ, taṃ <span class="bld">pattaṭṭhānaṃ</span>. Paradāragarudārāti <span class="bld">ayuttaṭṭhānaṃ</span>. Yaṃ apatthaniyaṃ, yassa <a name="V1.0242"></a> vā patthanāya byasanaṃ āpajjati, taṃ <span class="bld">appattaṭṭhānaṃ</span>. <span class="bld">Thero</span>ti <span class="bld">mahāsaṅgharakkhitatthero,</span> yena <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathā</span> potthakaṃ āropitā. So hi antevāsikesu sākacchantesu evamāha. Sopi imasmiṃyeva sutte vinibbhogo na labbhati cittasaṃkilesassa adhippetattā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yutte vā’’</span>tiādi. Ayonisomanasikāravasena <a name="M1.0272"></a> uppajjanato sampatti āyatiñca dukkhasseva uppādanato <span class="bld">na koci lobho avisamo nāma</span>. <span class="bld">Abhijjhāyanaṭṭhenā</span>ti yassa kassaci ārammaṇassa yuttassa ayuttassa appattassa ca abhijjāyanavasena abhipatthanāvasena ca pavattā taṇhā <span class="bld">abhijjhā</span>ti lobhato nibbisesanti dasseti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ekatthametaṃ byañjanameva nāna’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Dūsetī</span>ti sabhāvasantaṃ asaṃkilesaṃ vināseti avisuddhaṃ karoti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘obhāsituṃ na detī’’</span>ti. ‘‘Ime sattā ucchijjantu vinassantū’’ti sattesu byāpajjanākārappavattiyā <span class="bld">byāpādo navavidhaāghātavatthusambhavo</span> vutto. Kodho pana saṅkhāresupi pavattanato dasavidhaāghātavatthusambhavo vutto. Ubhayampi paṭighameva, pavattanānattato bhinditvā vutto. Kujjhanavaseneva <span class="bld">cittapariyonandhano</span> ‘‘akkocchi maṃ avadhi ma’’ntiādinā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Suṭṭhu kataṃ karaṇaṃ <span class="bld">sukataṃ,</span> tassa pubbakāritālakkhaṇassa guṇassa <span class="bld">vināsano</span> udakapuñchaniyā viya sarīrānugataṃ udakaṃ puñchanto <span class="bld">makkho</span>. Tathā hi so paresaṃ guṇānaṃ makkhanaṭṭhena ‘‘makkho’’ti vuccati. Idāni <span class="bld">anagāriyassa vā</span>tiādinā saṅkhepena vuttatthaṃ vitthārena dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘anagāriyopī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Nisinnakathāparikathādivasena dhammassa kathā dhammakathānayo, ekattādidhammanīti eva vā. Pakaraṇaṃ satta pakaraṇāni, tattha kosallaṃ <span class="bld">dhammakathānayapakaraṇakosallaṃ</span>. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena vinayakkame catūsu mahānikāyesu ca kosallaṃ saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Acittīkato</span>ti cittīkārarahito. <span class="bld">Yathā cāya</span>nti iminā yathāyaṃ makkho cittaṃ dūseti, evaṃ paḷāsopi cittaṃ dūseti, tasmā upakkilesoti dasseti. <span class="bld">Aniyatā gati niyāmokkamanābhāvato. Ādi</span>-saddena ‘‘rattaññū cirapabbajite puggale ajjhottharitvā ‘tvampi imasmiṃ sāsane pabbajito, ahampi pabbajito, tvampi sīlamatte ṭhito ahampī’ti’’ evamādīnaṃ saṅgaho. <span class="bld">Yugaggāhagāhī</span>ti ‘‘tava vā mama vā ko viseso’’ti asamampi samaṃ katvā samadhuraggāhagaṇhanako. <span class="bld">Khīyanā</span> usūyanā. Attano sampattiyā nigūhanaṃ tassa parehi sādhāraṇabhāvāsahanena hotīti <span class="bld">‘‘parehi sādhāraṇabhāvaṃ asahamānaṃ’’</span>icceva vuttaṃ. Kāraṇe hi gahite phalampi gahitameva hotīti. Aññathā attano pavedanakapuggalo <span class="bld">kerāṭiko,</span> ‘‘nekatikavāṇijo’’tipi vadanti. Sappamukhā <a name="M1.0273"></a> macchavālā ekā macchajāti āyatanamaccho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘āyatanamaccho nāmā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Baddhacaro</span>ti antevāsī.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sabbaso <a name="V1.0243"></a> amadditasabhāvena vā tabharitabhattasadisassa thaddhabhāvassa anonamitadaṇḍasadisatāya paggahitasiraanivātavuttikārassa ca karaṇato <span class="bld">vā tabharita…pe… karaṇo. Taduttarikaraṇo</span>ti yaṃ yena kataṃ duccaritaṃ vā sucaritaṃ vā, taduttari, tassa dviguṇaṃ vā karaṇo. Attano maṇḍanādiatthaṃ <span class="bld">parena kataṃ alaṅkārādiṃ</span>. <span class="bld">Pariyāpuṇāti vā katheti vā</span> attano balānurūpaṃ. Kāmaṃ nikāyadvayaggahaṇādivasena pavatto sevitabbamāno eva, tathāpissa saṃkilesapakkhattā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘mānaṃ anissāyā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uṇṇativasenā</span>ti ‘‘seyyohamasmī’’tiādinā cittassa paggahaṇavasena. Pubbe kenaci attānaṃ sadisaṃ katvā pacchā tato adhikato dahanato uppajjanako <span class="bld">atimāno</span>. <span class="bld">Madaggahaṇākāro</span> jātiādiṃ paṭicca majjanākāro, sopi atthato māno eva. <span class="bld">Pamādo</span> tathāpavatto cittuppādo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tasmā lobhamādiṃ katvā dassetī</span>ti lobhassa ādito gahaṇe kāraṇaṃ vibhāvetukāmo pucchati. <span class="bld">Paṭhamuppattito</span>ti tattha tattha bhave sabbapaṭhamaṃ uppajjanato. Sattānañhi yathādhigataṃ jhānādivisesaṃ ārabbha paccavekkhaṇā viya yathāladdhaṃ upapatibhavaṃ ārabbha nikanti eva. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbasattāna’’</span>ntiādi. <span class="bld">Yathāsambhavaṃ itare</span>ti itare byāpādādayo yathāpaccayaṃ uppajjanti, lobhassa viya ādito asukassa anantaraṃ asukoti vā na nesaṃ niyamo atthīti attho. Kiṃ pana ete soḷaseva cittassa upakkilesā, udāhu aññepi santīti anuyogaṃ sandhāya aññepi santīti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘na ca ete’’</span>tiādimāha. Yadi evaṃ kasmā ettakā eva idha vuttāti. Nayadassanavasenāti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘etena pana…pe… veditabbā’’</span>ti. Tena thinamiddhauddhaccakukkucca-vicikicchā-attukkaṃsana-paravabbhanachambhitattā- bhīrukatā-ahirikānottappa-atticchatā-pāpicchatā-mahicchatādayo saṅgahitāti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para72"></a><a name="para72_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">72</span>. <span class="bld">Saṃkilesaṃ</span> <a name="M1.0274"></a> <span class="bld">dassetvā</span>ti saṃkiliṭṭhavattanidassanena saṅkhepena vuttaṃ saṃkilesaṃ vibhāgena dassetvā. <span class="bld">Vodānaṃ dassento</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Evaṃ jānitvā</span>ti ‘‘abhijjhā visamalobho ekanteneva cittassa uppakkileso’’ti sabhāvato samudayato nirodhato nirodhūpāyato ca pubbabhāgapaññāya ceva heṭṭhimamaggadvayapaññāya ca jānitvā. <span class="bld">Pajahatī</span>ti ettha accantappahānameva adhippetanti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘samucchedappahānavasena ariyamaggena pajahatī’’</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Ariyamaggenā</span>ti anāgāmimaggena. Tena hi pahānaṃ idha sabbavāresu adhippetaṃ. <span class="bld">Kilesapaṭipāṭi</span> idha kilesānaṃ desanākkamo. <span class="bld">Maggapaṭipāṭi</span>pana catunnaṃ ariyamaggānaṃ desanākkamopi tāya desanāya paṭipajjanakkamopi <a name="V1.0244"></a> tāya paṭipattiyā uppattikkamopi. Tattha ye ye kilesā yena yena maggena pahīyanti, maggapaṭipāṭiṃ anoloketvā tesaṃ tesaṃ kilesānaṃ tena tena maggena pahānadassanaṃ kilesapaṭipāṭi na kilesānaṃ uppattikkamo idha desanākkamo cāti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘abhijjhā visamalobho’’</span>tiādimāha. Yena yena pana maggena ye ye kilesā pahīyanti maggānupubbiyā, tena tena maggena tesaṃ tesaṃ kilesānaṃ pahānadassanaṃ maggapaṭipāṭiyā pahānadassananti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘sotāpattimaggenā’’</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Imasmiṃ pana ṭhāne</span>ti ‘‘sa kho so, bhikkhave, bhikkhū’’tiādinā āgato imasmiṃ pahānavāre. <span class="bld">Ime kilesā</span>ti ime yathāvuttā kilesā. <span class="bld">Sotāpattimaggavajjhā vā hontu sesamaggavajjhā vā</span>heṭṭhā dassitamaggapaṭipāṭivasena. Tattha pana ye tatiyamaggavajjhā, tesaṃ anāgāmimaggeneva pahāne vattabbaṃ natthi, yesaṃ panettha heṭṭhimamaggavajjhānaṃ idha saṅgahe kāraṇaṃ pacchā vattukāmena aggamaggavajjhānaṃ anādiyitvā kasmā tatiyamaggavajjhānameva gahaṇaṃ katanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ayamettha paveṇimaggāgato sambhavo’’</span>ti, ayaṃ imassa suttassa etasmiṃ ṭhāne ācariyapaveṇiyā kathāmaggo tato āgato atthasambhavo atthatatvanti attho. Tattha heṭṭhimamaggavajjhānaṃ idha saṅgahe kāraṇaṃ pacchā vattukāmo aggamaggavajjhānaṃ aggahaṇe yuttiṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘so cā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Tenā</span>ti catutthamaggena. <span class="bld">Sesāna</span>nti byāpādādīnaṃ<a name="M1.0275"></a>. <span class="bld">Yepī</span>ti makkhādike sandhāyāha. <span class="bld">Taṃsamuṭṭhāpakacittāna</span>nti tesaṃ makkhādīnaṃ samuṭṭhāpakacittuppādānaṃ. Tattha makkha-paḷāsa-issā-macchariya-samuṭṭhāpakaṃ paṭighadvayacittaṃ, visesato pañcakāmaguṇalobhena saṭho māyāvī ca hoti, pañcakāmaguṇikarāgo ca anāgāmimaggeneva niravasesato pahīyati, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘taṃsamuṭṭhāpakacittānaṃ appahīnattā’’</span>ti. Tepi suppahīnā hontīti sambandho. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti paṭhamamaggeneva pahānaṃ <span class="bld">pubbāparena na sandhiyati</span> ‘‘yathodhi kho’’ti ettha odhivacanassa maggattayavācakattā. Ratanattaye aveccappasādo nāma ariyakantasīlaṃ viya sotāpannassa aṅgāni, te ca pahānato pacchā niddiṭṭhā, tasmā idha vuttappahānaṃ vikkhambhanapahānamevāti keci vadanti. <span class="bld">Tesaṃ icchāmattameva</span> yathāvuttapahānasseva vasena aveccappasādānaṃ odhiso pahānassa vibhāvitattā, svāyamattho heṭṭhā yuttitopi pakāsitoyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para74"></a><a name="para74_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">74</span>. <span class="bld">Ekamekena padena yojetabbaṃ,</span> yato ekamekassapi upakkilesassa sabhāvādito dassanaṃ niyyānamukhaṃ hoti, tathā ceva heṭṭhā saṃvaṇṇitaṃ. Anāgāmimaggavasena pahānaṃ vatvā pasādassa uddhaṭattā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘anāgāmimaggena lokuttarappasādo āgato’’</span>ti. Yadi evaṃ kasmā ‘‘lokiyo uppajjatī’’ti vuttanti? ‘‘Itipi so bhagavā’’tiādinayappavattassa lokiyattā. Nibbānārammaṇo <a name="V1.0245"></a> eva hi lokuttaro pasādo. ‘‘Itipi so bhagavā’’tiādivacanena lokiyaṃ, aveccappasādavacanena lokuttaranti <span class="bld">lokiyalokuttaramissakaṃ pasādaṃ dassento</span>. Avecca ratanattayaguṇe yāthāvato ñatvā pasādo <span class="bld">aveccappasādo</span>. So pana yasmā maggenāgatattā kenaci akampaniyo appadhaṃsiyo ca hoti, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘acalena accutenā’’</span>ti. Tattha lokuttaro sabbaso buddhaguṇādīsu sammohaṃ viddhaṃsento tattha kiccato pavattati, itaro ārammaṇavasena te ārabbha. <span class="bld">Taṃ vidhi</span>nti taṃ tassa uppannappakāraṃ. <span class="bld">Anussatiṭṭhānānī</span>ti anussatikammaṭṭhānāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para75"></a><a name="para75_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">75</span>. <span class="bld">Somanassādī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena ñāṇādīni saṅgaṇhāti. Corānaṃ abhiṇhaṃ sañcaraṇaṭṭhānatāya <span class="bld">paccanta</span>ggahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Paccavekkhato</span>ti ‘‘asukasmiñca ṭhāne ime cime corā evañca evañca vināsitā’’ti paccavekkhato <span class="bld">rañño viya</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yo <a name="M1.0276"></a> yo odhi <span class="bld">yathodhi</span>. Yathā-saddo byāpanicchāyaṃ, kho saddo avadhāraṇeti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘sakasakaodhivasena cattameva hotī’’</span>tiādimāha. Tena ‘‘vanta’’ntiādīsupi avadhāretabbanti dasseti. <span class="bld">Sakasakaodhivasenā</span>ti saṅkhepato vuttamatthaṃ vivarituṃ <span class="bld">‘‘dve odhī’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">yaṃmaggavajjhā</span>ti yena maggena anavasesato pahātabbā. Anavasesappahānavasena hi taṃtaṃmaggavajjhānaṃ kilesānaṃ tadaññamaggavajjhehi asammissatā, aññathā ye sakasakaodhivasena uparimaggavajjhā, te heṭṭhimamaggehi pahīnāpāyagamanīyādisabhāvā eva tehi pahīyantīti pahānavasena sammissā siyuṃ. <span class="bld">Tena teyeva pahīnā hontī</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Tatuttaripī</span>ti tato pahānanimittasomanassuppattito uddhampi. Paṭipakkhesu odhiso pavattikiccattā <span class="bld">odhīti heṭṭhā tayo maggā vuccanti</span>. <span class="bld">Te hī</span>tiādi vuttassevatthassa vivaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Imassa bhikkhuno</span>ti anāgāmiṃ sandhāyāha. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘heṭṭhāmaggattayena catta’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Keci cattampi gaṇhanti, nayidamevanti dassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vanta’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. Na hi yaṃ yena vantaṃ, so puna taṃ ādiyati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘anādiyanabhāvadassanavasenā’’</span>ti. Vantampi kiñci sasantatilaggaṃ siyā, nayidamevanti dassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘mutta’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘santatito vinimocanavasenā’’</span>ti. Muttampi kiñci muttabandhanā viya phalaṃ kuhiñci tiṭṭhati, na evamidanti dassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pahīna’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kvaci anavaṭṭhānadassanavasenā’’</span>ti. Yathā kiñci dunnissaṭṭhaṃ puna ādāya sammadeva nissaṭṭhaṃ paṭinissaṭṭhanti vuccati, evaṃ vipassanāya nissaṭṭhaṃ ādinnasadisaṃ maggena pahīnaṃ paṭinissaṭṭhaṃ nāma hotīti dassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘paṭinissaṭṭha’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ādinnapubbassa paṭinissaggadassanavasenā’’</span>ti. Na kāpurisena viya parammukhena nissaṭṭhaṃ<a name="V1.0246"></a>, atha kho abhimukheneva nissaṭṭhanti dassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘paṭinissaṭṭha’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘paṭimukhaṃ vā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Upagantabbato</span>ti attano hitasukhaṃ paccāsīsantena ekantena adhigantabbato. <span class="bld">Dhāraṇato</span>ti taṃsamaṅgīnaṃ apāyapātato sandhāraṇena. <span class="bld">Gantho</span> <span class="bld">‘‘vedo’’ti vuccati</span> ‘‘vidanti etenā’’ti, vedehi ñāṇehi gato paṭipannoti <span class="bld">vedagū</span>. <span class="bld">Abhijaññā</span>ti jāneyya. <span class="bld">Vedajātā</span>ti uppannasomanassā. <span class="bld">Ñāṇaṃ ‘‘vedo’’ti vuccati</span> ‘‘veditabbaṃ vedetī’’ti. <span class="bld">Somanassaṃ ‘‘vedo’’ti vuccati</span> ārammaṇarasaṃ vindati anubhavatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uppanna</span>nti <a name="M1.0277"></a> aveccappasādaṃ nissāya uppannaṃ. <span class="bld">Vuttappakārameva veda</span>nti ‘‘somanassaṃ somanassamayañāṇañcā’’ti evaṃ vuttappakārameva. <span class="bld">Atthaveda</span>nti atthe hetuphale vedaṃ. <span class="bld">Dhammaveda</span>nti dhamme hetumhi vedaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘aveccappasādassa hetu’’</span>ntiādi. Idha dhammatthasaddā hetuphalapariyāyāti imamatthaṃ pāḷiyā eva dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vuttañheta’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Tameva atthañca dhammañcā</span>ti attho dhammoti ca vuttaṃ aveccappasādanimittaṃ yathāvuttaṃ kilesappahānañca. <span class="bld">Atthadhammānisaṃsabhūtaṃ veda</span>nti yathāvuttaatthadhammānisaṃsabhūtaṃ somanassamayañāṇasaṅkhātaṃ vedañca. <span class="bld">Pāmojja</span>nti taruṇapītiṃ āha. <span class="bld">Paccavekkhaṇākārappavattenā</span>ti etena paccavekkhaṇā evettha anavajjasabhāvatāya dhammoti vuttoti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Pīti jāyatī</span>ti parappaccayaṃ balavapītimāha. <span class="bld">Pīṇitamanassā</span>ti passaddhiāvahehi uḷārehi pītivegehi tittacittassa. <span class="bld">Kāyo</span>ti nāmakāyo. <span class="bld">Vūpasantadaratho</span>ti kilesapariḷāhānaṃ dūrībhāvena suṭṭhu upasantadaratho. Paccavekkhaṇahetukaṃ cittassa samādhānaṃ idha adhippetanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘appitaṃ viya acalaṃ tiṭṭhatī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para76"></a><a name="para76_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">76</span>. Kāmaṃ ‘‘buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgatomhi, dhamme saṅghe aveccappasādena samannāgatomhī’’ti idampi tassā paccavekkhaṇāya pavattiākārapakāsanameva, idaṃ pana visesato ratanattaye uppannasomanassādippakāsanapadaṃ. ‘‘Yathodhi kho panā’’ti idampi savisesaṃ paccavekkhaṇākārappakāsanapadanti adhippāyena <span class="bld">‘‘idāni yathodhi…pe… pakāsetvā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Cattāropi pana vārā paccavekkhaṇākārappakāsanavasena ceva somanassādiānisaṃsadassanavasena ca vuttāti sakkā viññātuṃ ubhayatthāpi ubhayassa vuttattā. Yadipi ariyamaggo ekacittakkhaṇiko na puna uppajjati, paṭipakkhassa pana tena suppahīnattā taṃsamaṅgī aparihānadhammo taṃsīlādibhāveneva vuccatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tassa anāgāmimaggasampayuttaṃ sīlakkhandhaṃ dassetī’’</span>tiādi. ‘‘Evaṃdhammā te bhagavanto ahesu’’ntiādīsu (dī. ni. 2.13; ma. ni. 3.197-198; saṃ. ni. 5.378) viya idha dhamma-saddo samādhipariyāyoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘samādhikkhandhaṃ paññākkhandhañca dassetī’’</span>ti. Tathā hi so sampayuttadhamme ekārammaṇe avikkhipamāne <a name="V1.0247"></a> avippakiṇṇe avisaṭe katvā samaṃ, sammā ca ādahanto tathā te dhāretīti ca vattabbataṃ arahatīti <a name="M1.0278"></a> dhammoti ca vuccati. <span class="bld">Anekarūpāna</span>nti anekappakārānaṃ. Antarāyo nāma appaṭiladdhassa vā alabbhanavasena, paṭiladdhassa vā parihānavasena, tadubhayampi idha natthīti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘maggassa vā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Nevassa taṃ hoti antarāyāyā</span>ti tassa anāgāmino piṇḍapātabhojanaṃ neva hoti antarāyāya ukkaṃsagatāya paccavekkhaṇāya paccavekkhitvā paribhuñjanato. Tañcassā ukkaṃsagamanaṃ hatapaṭipakkhattāti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘maggena visuddhacittattā’’</span>ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti etasmiṃ antarāyābhāve. <span class="bld">Etadeva</span> visuddhacittattameva <span class="bld">kāraṇaṃ</span>. Ettha ca ‘‘nevassa taṃ hoti antarāyāyā’’ti iminā heṭṭhā vuttappahānaṃ anāgāmimaggenevāti siddhaṃ hoti. Anāgāmino hi sabbaso kāmarāgo pahīno hoti, rasataṇhāya abhāvato tādisapiṇḍapātaparibhogo aggamaggādhigame kathañcipi antarāyāya na hotīti. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, vattha’’nti vadanto bhagavāādimhi attanā upanītavatthūpamaṃ anusandheti. Udakassa acchabhāvo paṅkasevālapaṇakādimalābhāvena pasannatāya, tabbipariyāyato bahalatāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘acchanti vippasanna’’</span>nti. Vaṇṇanibhāya vigatasaṃkilesatāya samujjalanaṃ pabhassaratāya vatthassa, taṃ pariyodātanti vattabbataṃ labhatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pariyodātaṃ pabhassaratāyā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ukkaṃ bandheyyā</span>ti aṅgārakapallaṃ yathā dārughaṭikaṅgārādikena na bhijjati, evaṃ tanumattikālepādinā bandheyya. Meghapaṭalato verambhavātadhārāsaṅghaṭṭanato vijjutā viya kevalaṃ vātadhārāsaṅghaṭṭanajanitā pabhā ukkāpabhā, sā pana yasmā dvinnaṃ vātadhārānaṃ vegasambhūtasaṅghaṭṭanahetukā, tasmā kāraṇavasena <span class="bld">‘‘vātavego ukkā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para77"></a><a name="para77_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">77</span>. <span class="bld">Yathānusandhivasenā</span>tiādimhi uṭṭhitadesanāya anurūpā anusandhi yathānusandhi, tassā vasena. Byatirekadassanaṃ viya hi sādhetabbassa ādimhi uṭṭhitadesanāya paṭipakkhadassanampi anurūpadesanāva sammadeva patiṭṭhāpanabhāvato, yathā taṃ āvattahārayojanāyaṃ visabhāgadhammāvattanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Yathānusandhivasena desanā āgatā’’</span>ti saṅkhepato vuttamatthaṃ vitthārento tappasaṅgena itarepi anusandhī dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tayo hī’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Bahiddhā</span>ti bāhiresu vatthūsu. <span class="bld">Asati paritassanā</span>ti taṇhādiṭṭhiparitassanābhāvo. <span class="bld">Vissajjitasuttavasenā</span>ti ‘‘idha bhikkhu ekaccassā’’tiādinā <a name="M1.0279"></a> (ma. ni. 1.242) vissajjitasuttavasena. <span class="bld">Yena dhammenā</span>ti sīlādivodānadhammesu akkhantiyādisaṃkilesadhammesu ca yena yena dhammena. <span class="bld">Cha abhiññā āgatā</span>ti iminā ‘‘anurūpadhammavasena vā’’ti vuttavikappaṃ dasseti, sesehi ‘‘paṭipakkhavasena vā’’ti <a name="V1.0248"></a> vuttavikappaṃ. Akkhantiyā hi kakacūpamovādo (ma. ni. 1.222) paṭipakkho, tathā diṭṭhiyā ‘‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’’ti evaṃ paṭibhāgā suññatākārena. Sesadvayepi eseva nayo. ‘‘Citte saṃkiliṭṭhe duggati pāṭikaṅkhā’’ti (ma. ni. 1.70) heṭṭhā kilesadesanā āgatā. <span class="bld">Sabbo</span>ti anavaseso. <span class="bld">Sabbākārenā</span>ti ādīnavānisaṃsapaccavekkhaṇapuggaladosajānanādinā sabbappakārena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para78"></a><a name="para78_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">78</span>. ‘‘Mettā bhāvetabbā byāpādassa pahānāyā’’tiādivacanato (a. ni. 9.1) mettādayo byāpādavihesāratirāgānaṃ paṭipakkhā. Yasmā ‘‘so atthī’’tiādinā bhagavatā anāgāmino aggamaggādhigamanaṃ catusaccakammaṭṭhānaṃ matthakaṃ pāpetvā kathitaṃ, tasmā taṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘idānissā’’</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Brahmavihāradhamme</span>ti brahmavihāre ceva brahmavihārasahagatadhamme ca. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘nāmavasenā’’</span>ti. Vavatthapetvāti ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ. Nāmantipi hi īdisesu ṭhānesu cattāro arūpino khandhā vuccanti. <span class="bld">Iminā nayenā</span>ti etena bhūtanissitānaṃ sesupādāyadhammānaṃ sabbesampi pahātabbataṇhāvajjānaṃ tebhūmakadhammānaṃ pariggahavidhiṃ ulliṅgeti. Sabhāvato vijjamānaṃ taṃ attapaccakkhaṃ katvā ñāṇena yāthāvato paṭivijjhiyamānataṃ upādāya ‘‘atthi ida’’nti yathāvavatthāpitaṃ nāmarūpaṃ. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘ettāvatānena dukkhasaccavavatthānaṃ kataṃ hotī’’</span>ti. Sāvadhāraṇañcetaṃ vacanaṃ, lokasamaññāsiddhaṃ sattaitthipurisādi viya, ito bāhirakaparikappitaṃ pakatiādi drabyādi jīvādi kāyādi viya ca na paramatthato natthi, atthevāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Pajānātī</span>ti pubbabhāge tāva lakkhaṇarasādivasena ceva paṭiggahavibhāgavasena ca pakārato jānāti, aparabhāge pana pariññābhisamayavasena paṭivijjhanto jānāti. Ekantahīnā nāma akusaladhammā sampati āyatiñca dukkhamūlattā, tatthāpi visesato taṇhāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘dukkhassa samudayaṃ paṭivijjhanto atthi hīnanti</span> <a name="M1.0280"></a> <span class="bld">pajānātī’’</span>ti. Attano paccayehi padhānabhāvaṃ nītattā paṇītanti iminā atthena ariyamaggova ‘‘paṇīta’’nti vuccatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pahānupāyaṃ vicinanto atthi paṇītanti pajānātī’’</span>ti. ‘‘Uttamaṭṭhena ca paṇīta’’nti vuccamāne nirodhasaccassapi saṅgaho siyā, tassa pana padantarena saṅgahitattā vuttanayenevettha attho veditabbo. Appamaññāmukhena vipassanābhinivesasseva katattā <span class="bld">‘‘brahmavihārasaññāgatassā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. ‘‘Sabbassapi tebhūmakassa saññāgatassā’’ti vattuṃ vaṭṭatiyeva. Na cettha asaṅgaho tassāpi saññāya āgatabhāvato. Lokaṃ uttaritvā samatikkamitvā nissaritvā visaṃyuttaṃ hutvā ṭhitattā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘uttari nissaraṇaṃ nibbāna’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Catūhi</span> <a name="V1.0249"></a> <span class="bld">ākārehī</span>ti ‘‘atthi hīna’’ntiādīhi catūhi pakārehi. Anvayañāṇatāya anubodhabhūtāya vipassanāpaññāya jānanattho dhammañāṇatāya paṭivedhabhūtāya maggapaññāya dassanattho sabhāvasiddhoti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘vipassanāpaññāya cattāri saccāni jānanato maggapaññāya passato’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhayabherave vuttanayenevā</span>ti bhayabheravasuttavaṇṇanāyaṃ attanā vuttaatthavacanatthapāṭhena idha pāṭhassa sadisattā atidisanto <span class="bld">‘‘kāmāsavāpi…pe… pajānātī’’</span>ti āha. Ettha ca yasmā ‘‘kāmāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati…pe… avijjāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccatī’’ti ‘‘khīṇā jātī’’tiādīni vadatā bhagavatā catutthamaggo niddiṭṭho, tasmā yaṃ heṭṭhā <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> vuttaṃ ‘‘so ca upari catutthamaggasseva niddiṭṭhattā yujjatī’’ti, taṃ suvuttamevāti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tassa codanatthāyā</span>ti tassa brāhmaṇassa bhagavā attano codanatthāya ‘‘puccha maṃ tvaṃ brāhmaṇa yadettha tayā manasābhisamīhita’’nti codanāya, okāsadānatthāyāti adhippāyo. Desanāsannissayo brāhmaṇassa tathārūpo ettha ajjhāsayopi natthīti yathāvuttaanusandhittayavinimuttattā <span class="bld">‘‘pāṭiyekkaṃ anusandhiṃ āhā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Cittagatattā <span class="bld">abbhantarena</span>. <span class="bld">Kilesavuṭṭhānasinānenā</span>ti kilesamalapavāhanena rāgapariḷāhādivūpasamakarena ca aṭṭhaṅgikaariyamaggasalilasinānena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para79"></a><a name="para79_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">79</span>. Dhammasabhāmaṇḍapaṃ tāvadeva upagatattā bāhukā nadito <span class="bld">āgataṃ viya maññamāno</span>. Ariyaphalamaddanacuṇṇādayo telasinehassa vivecanena<a name="M1.0281"></a>. Lūkhabhāvo lokaṃ, taṃ etissā atthīti lokāti sammatā. <span class="bld">Lokkhasammata</span>ggahaṇena ‘‘tathā sā nadī loke pākaṭā’’ti evaṃ pavattaṃ attano micchāgāhaṃ dīpeti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘visuddhabhāvaṃ detīti evaṃ sammatā’’</span>ti. Pāpapavāhanena samparāyikādisampattiāvahato lokassa hitā <span class="bld">lokyā</span>. Lokyāti sammatāti sabbaṃ purimasadisaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘seṭṭhaṃ lokaṃ gamayatīti evaṃ sammatā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Puññasammatā</span>ti pujjabhavaphalanibbattanena sattānaṃ punanena visodhanena puññāti sammatā. <span class="bld">Tadatthadīpanatthamevā</span>ti tassā pubbe āgatadesanāya atthadīpanatthameva. Vuttassevatthassa puna dīpanaṃ kimatthiyanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘gāthārucikāna’’</span>nti. Cuṇṇikavacanaṃ asambhāventā tathā ca vutte atthamabujjhanakā pajjavacanaṃ sambhāventā tathā ca vutte bujjhanakā gāthārucikā. <span class="bld">Visesatthadīpanattha</span>nti visiṭṭhadīpanatthaṃ, purimadesanāya aññadīpanatthanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Gacchati pana bhavaṃ gotamo bāhukaṃ nadiṃ sināyitu’’nti (ma. ni. 1.78) heṭṭhā vuttattā <a name="V1.0250"></a> <span class="bld">bāhukanti idameva ettha tadatthadīpakaṃ</span>. <span class="bld">Sesāni</span> adhikakkādivacanāni tato visiṭṭhassa atthassa bodhanato <span class="bld">visesatthadīpakāni</span>. Kasmā panettha bhagavatā brāhmaṇena avuttāni adhikakkādīni gahitānīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yatheva hī’’</span>tiādi. Kakkanti nhānapiṇḍaṃ adhippetaṃ, nhāyitvā adhikaṃ kakkaṃ ettha gaṇhantīti <span class="bld">adhikakkaṃ</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘nhānasambhāravasenā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Maṇḍalavāpisaṇṭhāna</span>nti vaṭṭapokkharaṇīsaṇṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Nadiyo</span>ti visuṃ nadiyo, na adhikakkādīni viya titthamattaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tīhi padehī</span>ti sundarikāpayāgabāhukāpadehi. <span class="bld">Cattārī</span>ti adhikakkādīni cattāri. <span class="bld">Vuttāneva hontī</span>ti lokasammatālakkhaṇena ekalakkhaṇatā brāhmaṇassa adhippāyena, paramatthato pana pāpapavāhalakkhaṇena ekalakkhaṇattā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tasmā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Kiñci</span> pāpasuddhiṃ <span class="bld">na karonti</span>yeva. <span class="bld">Na hi naṃ sodhaye</span>ti naṃ puggalaṃ na sodhaye. <span class="bld">Verakibbisabhāvaṃ appattā</span> nāma kammapathabhāvaṃ appattā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘khuddakehī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭihananto</span>ti ayuttabhāvadassanena taṃ diṭṭhiṃ paṭibāhanto. Tatthāyaṃ paṭibāhanavidhi yathā yaṃ kiñci udakorohanaṃ na pāpapavāhanaṃ, evaṃ <a name="M1.0282"></a> yo koci nakkhattayogo pāpahetūnaṃ paṭipakkhābhāvato. Yañhi vināseti, so tassa paṭipakkho. Yathā āloko andhakārassa vijjā ca avijjāya, na evaṃ udakorohanaṃ nakkhattayogo vā pāpahetūnaṃ lobhādīnaṃ paṭipakkho, tasmā niṭṭhamettha gantabbaṃ ‘‘na udakorohanādi pāpapavāhana’’nti. <span class="bld">Niccaṃ phaggunīnakkhatta</span>nti suddhasīlādikassa sabbakālaṃ maṅgaladivaso evāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Itaro</span>ti sīlādivasena asuddho. <span class="bld">Niccameva uposatho</span> ariyuposathena upavutthabhāvato. <span class="bld">Suddhassā</span>ti parisuddhamanosamācārassa. <span class="bld">Sucikammassā</span>ti parisuddhakāyavacīsamācārassa. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘nikkilesatāyā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Kusalūpasañhita</span>nti anavajjabhāvūpagataṃ. <span class="bld">Vatasamādāna</span>nti dhutadhammasamādānādi <span class="bld">sampannameva hoti,</span> nāssa vipatti atthīti attho. <span class="bld">Mama sāsaneyeva sināhi,</span> yadi accantameva suddhiṃ icchasīti adhippāyo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sace’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Khemata</span>nti khemabhāvaṃ. Yathā sabbabhūtāni tapavasena khemappattāni abhayappattāni honti, evaṃ karohīti taṃ heṭṭhā dassitaṃ mettādibhāvanaṃ brāhmaṇassa saṅkhepena upadisantenassa ekaccasamādhisampadā tadavinābhāvinī paññāsampadā ca dassitāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘manodvārasuddhi dassitā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tassa pana sampadādvayassa nissayabhūtaṃ sīlasampadaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sace musā na bhaṇasī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Ettha ca yathā ‘‘sace musā na bhaṇasī’’tiādinā musāvāda-pāṇātipāta-adinnādāna-paṭivirativacanena <a name="V1.0251"></a> avasesakāyavacīduccaritaviratīpi vuttā eva hoti lakkhaṇahāranayena, evaṃ ‘‘saddahāno amaccharī’’ti saddhādidhanasampadāniyojaneneva avasesaariyadhanasampadāniyojanampi siddhameva hotīti saddhādayo vimuttiparipācanīyadhammā brāhmaṇassa pakāsitā evāti veditabbā. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘imāya eva paṭipattiyā kilesasuddhī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Gayā sammatatarā</span> bāhukādīhipīti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para80"></a><a name="para80_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">80</span>. <span class="bld">Eko</span>ti asahāyo, esā panassa asahāyatā ekībhāvenāti. Na hissa tāva taṇhādutiyatā vigatā. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘na cirassevā’’</span>tiādi. Ekaggahaṇeneva kāyena vūpakaṭṭhatā vuttāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vupakaṭṭho cittavivekenā’’</span>ti. Tena ‘‘divā caṅkamena nisajjāyā’’tiādinā (ma. ni. 1.423; 3.75; vibha. 519; mahāni. 161) āgataṃ jāgariyānuyogamāha. Tathābhūtassa cassa <a name="M1.0283"></a> ekādasahi aggīhi āditte tayo bhave passato yathā pamādassa lesopi nāhosi, evaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ brūhento sammadeva padahati. Katthaci saṅkhāragate anapekkhacitto nibbānādhimutto eva vihāsīti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘appamatto’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Khīṇā jātī</span>tiādīsu yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ heṭṭhā vuttameva. Sesaṃ suviññeyyameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Vatthasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.</p>
<p class="subhead">8. Sallekhasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para81"></a><a name="para81_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">81</span>. ‘‘Cundo’’ti <a name="V1.0252"></a> tassa mahātherassa nāmaṃ, pūjāvasena pana <span class="bld">mahācundo</span>ti vuccati yathā <span class="bld">‘‘mahāmoggallāno’’</span>ti. Attano vā cundaṃ nāma bhāgineyyattheraṃ upādāya āyasmato sāriputtattherassa bhātā ayaṃ mahāthero <span class="bld">‘‘mahācundo’’</span>ti paññāyittha yathā ‘‘mahāpanthako’’ti. <span class="bld">Sāyanhasamaya</span>nti bhummatthe ekaṃ upayogavacananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sāyanhakāle’’</span>ti. Na hettha accanta saṃyogo sambhavatīti. <span class="bld">Sattasaṅkhārehī</span>ti saddhivihārikaantevāsikaupāsakādisattehi ceva rūpārammaṇādisaṅkhārehi ca. <span class="bld">Paṭinivattitvā</span>ti apasakkitvā. <span class="bld">Nilīyana</span>nti vivecanaṃ kāyacittehi tato vivittatā. <span class="bld">Ekībhāvo</span>ti hi kāyavivekamāha, <span class="bld">paviveko</span>ti cittavivekaṃ. <span class="bld">Tato vuṭṭhito</span>ti tato duvidhavivekato bhavaṅguppattiyā, sabrahmacārīhi samāgamena ca apeto. <span class="bld">Abhivādāpetvā</span>ti abhivādaṃ kāretvā. <span class="bld">Eva</span>nti yathāvuttaabhivādavasena. Paggayhāti unnāmetvā. Anupacchinnabhavamūlānaṃ tāva evaṃ abhivādo hotu, ucchinnabhavamūlānaṃ kimatthiyoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘etaṃ āciṇṇaṃ tathāgatāna’’</span>nti. Tena na tathāgatā samparāyikaṃyeva sattānaṃ sukhaṃ āsīsanti, atha kho diṭṭhadhammikampīti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Kasmā evaṃ tathāgatā abhivadantīti tattha kāraṇamāha <span class="bld">‘‘sukhakāmā hī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Puthukāyā</span>ti bahū sattakāyā. <span class="bld">Yakkhā</span>ti devā. Te hi pūjanīyatāya ‘‘yakkhā’’ti <span class="bld">vucca</span>nti. <span class="bld">Abhivadantī</span>ti āsīsitamevatthaṃ ñāṇakaruṇāhi abhimukhaṃ katvā vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yā</span>ti aniyamato gahitā niyamato dassento <span class="bld">‘‘imā’’</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Imā</span>ti ca āsannapaccakkhavacananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘abhimukhaṃ karonto</span> <span class="bld">viyā’’</span>ti<a name="M1.0284"></a>, taṃ taṃ diṭṭhigatikaṃ cittagataṃ sammukhā viya karontoti attho. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhiyo</span>ti purimapadalopena pāḷiyaṃ vuttanti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘micchādiṭṭhiyo’’</span>ti āha. Sattesu diṭṭhigatacittuppādesu uppajjamānā, sattesu vā visayabhūtesu ārabbha uppajjamānā <span class="bld">‘‘sattesu pātubhavantī’’</span>ti vuttā. <span class="bld">Attavādenā</span>ti attānaṃ ārabbha pavattena vacanena. <span class="bld">Paṭisaṃyuttā</span>ti ‘‘atthi attā’’ti gāhe gāhaṇe ca visayabhāvena paṭisaṃyuttā. Diṭṭhigatikena diṭṭhiṃ gāhantehi gahaṇe gāhāpaṇe ca diṭṭhi diṭṭhivādassa visayoti tena paṭisaṃyuttā nāma hoti. ‘‘Atthi attā’’ti evaṃ pavattā diṭṭhi idha attavādapaṭisaṃyuttā, na tassā visayabhūto attā. Sā ca visayabhāvato tathāpavattena vādena paṭisaṃyuttā. <span class="bld">Lokavādappaṭisaṃyuttā</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Vīsati bhavanti</span> tato paraṃ attavādavatthuno abhāvā<a name="V1.0253"></a>. Pañcapi hi upādānakkhandhe paccekaṃ ‘‘attā’’ti te ca attano nissayabhāvena gaṇhato etāsaṃ diṭṭhīnaṃ sambhavo, tabbinimutto panāyaṃ visayo attaggahaṇākāro ca natthīti. <span class="bld">Sassato attā ca loko cā</span>ti rūpādīsu aññataraṃ ‘‘attā’’ti, ‘‘loko’’ti vā gahetvā taṃ sassato sabbakālabhāvī nicco dhuvoti. Yathāha ‘‘rūpī attā ceva loko ca sassato cāti attānañca lokañca paññapetī’’tiādi. <span class="bld">Sassato</span>tiādīsu paṭhamo sassatavādavasena attaggāho, dutiyo ucchedavādavasena, tatiyo ekaccasassatavādavasena, catuttho takkīvādavasena pavatto, amarāvikkhepavasena vā pavatto attaggāho. <span class="bld">Antavā</span>ti attano paricchedatāvasena. <span class="bld">Anantavā</span>ti aparicchedatāvasena. <span class="bld">Antavā ca anantavā cā</span>ti tadubhayavasena, itaro takkīvādavasena pavatto attaggāho. Evaṃ pavattattā aṭṭha hontīti yojanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ādimevā</span>ti ādimanasikārameva. Taṃ pana sarūpato dassento <span class="bld">‘‘vipassanāmissakapaṭhamamanasikāramevā’’</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Appatvāpi sotāpattimagga</span>nti iminā avadhāraṇena nivattitaṃ dasseti. Nāmarūpaparicchedato pabhuti yāva udayabbayadassanaṃ, ayaṃ idha ādimanasikāroti adhippeto paññābhāvanāya ārambhabhāvato. Udayabbayānupassanāsahitatāya cassa <span class="bld">vipassanāmissakatā</span> vacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Eva</span>nti imassa atthavacanaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ettakeneva</span> <span class="bld">upāyenā’’</span>ti<a name="M1.0285"></a>, yathāvuttaādimanasikārenāti attho. <span class="bld">Etāsa</span>nti yathāvuttānaṃ attavādalokavādapaṭisaṃyuttānaṃ diṭṭhīnaṃ. Kāmañca tāsaṃ tena tadaṅgavasena pahānaṃ hotiyeva, taṃ pana nādhippetaṃ, tasmā samucchedavasena pahānaṃ paṭinissaggo ca hotīti pucchati. Sabbaso samucchinnasaṃyojanatāya <span class="bld">anadhimānikopi samāno</span>. ‘‘Ariyadhammo adhigato’’ti māno adhimāno, so yesaṃ atthi te <span class="bld">adhimānikā,</span> tesaṃ udayabbayañāṇādhigamena adhimānuppatti tadavasāno ca manasikāroti adhippeto. Tena diṭṭhīnaṃ pahānaṃ na hotīti kathāpanatthaṃ ayaṃ pucchāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘adhimānappahānatthaṃ pucchatī’’</span>ti. ‘‘Ādimeva nu kho…pe… paṭinissaggo hotī’’ti anabhisametāvī viya vadanto adhimāne ṭhito viya hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘adhimāniko viya hutvā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">So</span>ti thero. <span class="bld">Tesaṃ atthāyāti</span> tesaṃ attano antevāsikānaṃ bhagavatā etassa micchāgāhassa vivecanatthāya. Thero kira dhammasenāpati viya saddhiṃ attano antevāsikehi bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkami.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para82"></a><a name="para82_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">82</span>. <span class="bld">Yatthā</span>ti visaye bhummaṃ. Diṭṭhīnañhi ārammaṇanidassanametanti. Yasmā diṭṭhīnaṃ anusayanabhūmipi samudācaraṇaṭṭhānampi khandhā eva, tasmā āha <span class="bld">‘‘yattha cetā diṭṭhiyo uppajjantī tiādi pañcakkhandhe sandhāya vutta’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Rūpaṃ abhinivissā</span>ti ‘‘idaṃ rūpaṃ mama attā’’ti <a name="V1.0254"></a> diṭṭhābhinivesavasena abhinivisitvā ārabbha. Abhinivisamānā eva hi diṭṭhi naṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā uppajjati. <span class="bld">‘‘So attā’’</span>tiādīsu yadidaṃ cakkhādisaṅgahaṃ rūpaṃ, sahabuddhinibandhanatāya <span class="bld">so me attā,</span> sukhāsukhaṃ ettha lokiyatīti <span class="bld">so loko</span>. <span class="bld">‘‘So</span>evāhaṃ <span class="bld">pecca</span> paraloke <span class="bld">bhavissāmī</span>ti tathābhāvena <span class="bld">nicco,</span> thirabhāvena <span class="bld">dhuvo,</span> sabbadābhāvitāya <span class="bld">sassato,</span> nibbikāratāya <span class="bld">avipariṇāmadhammo</span>ti attho. Yadi pañcakkhandhe sandhāya vuttaṃ, kathamekavacananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ārammaṇavasenā’’</span>tiādi. Nānā karīyati etenāti <span class="bld">nānākaraṇaṃ,</span> viseso. <span class="bld">Jātivasenā</span>ti uppattivasena. Ye hi anibbattapubbā samānāvatthā, te uppādasaṅkhātavikārasamaṅgitāya uppajjantīti samaññaṃ labhanti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘jātivasenā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Punappunaṃ āsevitā</span>ti anādimati saṃsāre aparāparuppattiyā laddhāsevanā. Etena kilesānaṃ bhāvanaṭṭhena anusayatthaṃ viseseti<a name="M1.0286"></a>. <span class="bld">Thāmagatā</span>ti thāmabhāvaṃ upagatā. Etena anusaye sabhāvato dasseti. <span class="bld">Thāmagamana</span>nti ca kāmarāgādīnaṃ anaññasādhāraṇo sabhāvo. Tathā hi vuttaṃ ‘‘thāmagato anusaye pajahatī’’ti (paṭi. ma. 3.21). <span class="bld">Appaṭivinītā</span>ti samucchedavinayavasena na paṭivinītā. Appahīnā hi thāmagatā kilesā anusentīti vuccanti. Etena tesaṃ kāraṇalābhe sati uppajjanārahataṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Samudācarantī</span>ti abhibhavanti. Etena tesaṃ vītikkamappattataṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Uppajjantī</span>ti pana imināva pariyuṭṭhānāvatthā dassitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Taṃ pañcakkhandhappabhedaṃ ārammaṇa</span>nti yaṃ taṃ ‘‘yattha cetā diṭṭhiyo uppajjantī’’tiādinā vuttaṃ rūpupādānakkhandhādipañcakkhandhapabhedaṃ diṭṭhīnaṃ ārammaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Etaṃ mayhaṃ na hotī</span>ti etaṃ khandhapañcakaṃ mayhaṃ santakaṃ na hoti mama kiñcanapalibodhabhāvena gahetabbatāya abhāvato. Tenassa paramatthato taṇhāvatthubhāvaṃ paṭikkhipati tāvakālikādibhāvato. <span class="bld">Ahampi eso na asmī</span>ti eso pañcakkhandhapabhedo ahampi na asmi, ahanti so gahetabbo na hotīti attho. Etenassa mānavatthubhāvaṃ paṭikkhipati aniccadukkhajegucchādibhāvato. <span class="bld">Eso me attāpi na hoti</span> attasabhāvassa tattha abhāvato mamañcassa kiñcanapalibodhabhāvena gahetabbatāya abhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Taṇhāva mamanti gaṇhāti etenāti <span class="bld">taṇhāgāho. Taṃ gaṇhanto</span>ti taṃ uppādento. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘taṇhāpapañcaṃ gaṇhātī’’</span>ti. Papañceti santānaṃ vitthārento satte saṃsāre cirāyatīti <span class="bld">papañco</span>. <span class="bld">Yathā vuttapabheda</span>nti aṭṭhasatataṇhāvicaritapabhedaṃ. <span class="bld">Taṇhāpapañcaṃ paṭikkhipati</span> khandhapañcakassa taṇhāvatthukābhāvavibhāvanenāti adhippāyo. Parato padadvayepi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhekaṭṭhā</span>ti diṭṭhiyā <a name="V1.0255"></a> pahānekaṭṭhā. Tena tesaṃ paṭhamamaggavajjhataṃ dasseti. Sahajekaṭṭhā pana diṭṭhiyā taṇhā eva, na māno, sā ca kho apāyagamanīyā. <span class="bld">Yathā atthī</span>ti yena aniccadukkhāsubhānattākārena atthi, tathā passanto yathābhūtaṃ passati nāma. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘khandhapañcakañhī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Eteneva ākārenā</span>ti ruppanādianiccādiākāreneva. <span class="bld">Gayhamānampi</span> appahīnavipallāsehi. <span class="bld">Tenākārenā</span>ti ‘‘etaṃ mama’’ntiādiākārena. <span class="bld">Nevatthi</span> yathābhūtadassanavipallāsānaṃ <a name="M1.0287"></a> tadabhāvato. <span class="bld">Suṭṭhu passantassā</span>ti yathā puna tathā na passitabbaṃ, evaṃ suṭṭhu sātisayaṃ passantassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Na ādimanasikāreneva diṭṭhippahānaṃ hoti, adhimānikānaṃ pana adhimānamattametaṃ dassanaṃ. Maggeneva taṃ hotīti imamatthaṃ vibhāvento <span class="bld">‘‘sotāpattimaggena diṭṭhippahānaṃ dassetvā’’</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Vibhajanto</span>ti adhimānikānaṃ jhānāni asallekhabhāvena vibhajanto. <span class="bld">Bālaputhujjanānaṃ neva uppajjati</span> akārakabhāvato. <span class="bld">Na ariyasāvakānaṃ</span> pahīnādhimānapaccayattā. <span class="bld">Na aṭṭhānaniyojako</span> sappāyakammaṭṭhāneyeva niyojanato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Thero ‘‘yadatthaṃ saṅgho pakkosati, so attho tattha vāsīnaṃ āgatāgatānaṃ idha ijjhatī’’ti taṃ udikkhanto saṅghena yāvatatiyaṃ pahitopi na gato na agāravena. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kimeta’’</span>ntiādi. Paṇḍito hi tattha attano kiccameva karotīti <span class="bld">aññataraṃ vuḍḍhapabbajitaṃ pāhesi</span>. <span class="bld">Kimeta</span>nti saṅghassa āṇāya akaraṇaṃ nāma kimetanti karaṇe ādaraṃ dīpento evamāha. <span class="bld">Saṭṭhivassātīto</span>ti appatte pattasaññī eva saṭṭhivassātīto. Yasmā pesalā pesalehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samānādhimuttitāya, tasmā thero <span class="bld">‘‘sādhāvuso’’</span>ti vatvā hatthimāpanādiṃ sabbaṃ akāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tādisovā</span>ti anantaraṃ vuttattherasadisova appatte pattasaññī eva saṭṭhivassātītoti attho. <span class="bld">Padumagumba</span>nti kamalasaṇḍaṃ. <span class="bld">Pāsādaṃ pāvisi</span> vissaṭṭhaṃ olokanenassa puthujjanabhāvo attanāva paññāyissatīti. Tissamahāvihāre kira therā bhikkhū tadā ‘‘sakacittaṃ pasīdatī’’ti vacanaṃ pūjentā kālasseva cetiyaṅgaṇaṃ sammajjitvā ettakārammaṇameva buddhārammaṇapītiṃ uppādetvā divase divase tathā karonti. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tasmiñca samaye’’</span>tiādi. ‘‘Dhammadinna, idha pattacīvaraṃ ṭhapetī’’ti <span class="bld">vattāpi</span> paṭisanthāravasena kiñci <span class="bld">pucchitāpi nāhosi. Guṇaṃ jānātī</span>ti nimujjanādīsu vivaradānādinā guṇaṃ jānāti viya. <span class="bld">Tumhe pana na jānittha</span> āgantukavattassapi akaraṇato. Satthuāṇāvilaṅghinī kīdisī sā saṅghassa <a name="V1.0256"></a> katikā? Katikā ca nāma sikkhāpadāvirodhena anuvattetabbā, ettakampi ajānantehi me saṃvāso natthīti ākāse abbhukkami.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yaṃ</span> <a name="M1.0288"></a> <span class="bld">tassa evamassa sallekhena viharāmī</span>ti yo ‘‘paṭhamajjhānaṃ upasampajja vihareyyā’’ti vutto, tassa bhikkhuno yaṃ ‘‘paṭhamajjhānasaṅkhātaṃ paṭipattividhānaṃ kilese sallekhati, tena sallekhena ahaṃ viharāmī’’ti adhimānavasena evamassa evaṃ bhaveyya ṭhānametaṃ vijjatīti evamettha sambandho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Taṃ na yujjatī</span>ti taṃ adhimānikassa ‘‘yathāvibhaṅgaṃ paṭhamajjhānaṃ sallekho’’ti parivitakkitaṃ na yujjati yuttaṃ na hoti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘na hī’’</span>tiādi. Tattha sammā sabbaso ca kilese likhatīti <span class="bld">sallekho,</span> ariyamaggo. Tadupāyavipassanā <span class="bld">sallekhapaṭipadā</span>. Yaṃ pana jhānaṃ vipassanāpādakaṃ, tampi jhānaṃ pariyāyena maggapādakaṃ hotiyeva. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘avipassanāpādakattā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Jhānadhammavasenā</span>ti vitakkādipañcakajjhānadhammavasena. Cittuppādavasena anekavāraṃ pavattamānampi jhānaṃ ekāvajjanatāya ekavīthipariyāpannattā ekā samāpatti evāti <span class="bld">‘‘punappunaṃ samāpattivasenā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Cattāri arūpajjhānāni yathāsakaṃ ekekasmiṃyeva ārammaṇe pavattantīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ārammaṇabhedābhāvato’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Purimakāraṇadvayavasenevā</span>ti ‘‘jhānadhammavasena, punappunaṃ samāpattivasenā’’ti pubbe vuttappakārakāraṇadvayavaseneva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tesaṃ arūpajjhānānaṃ kilesapariḷāhābhāvena <span class="bld">nibbutāni</span> aṅgāni, bhāvanāvisesavasena <span class="bld">sukhumāni</span> ārammaṇāni. <span class="bld">Tasmā tānī</span>ti tesaṃ vasena tāni jhānāni santāni, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘santā ete vihārā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Tesaṃ catunnampī</span>ti catunnampi tesaṃ arūpajjhānānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para83"></a><a name="para83_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">83</span>. <span class="bld">So</span>ti adhimāniko bhikkhu, añño vā ito bāhirako tāpasaparibbājakādiko na hi sammasati. Tattha adhimāniko appatte pattasaññitāya na sammasati, itaro avisayatāya. <span class="bld">Yatthā</span>ti yasmiṃ sallekhavatthusmiṃ, avihiṃsakatādīhi <span class="bld">catucattālīsāya ākārehi</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aṭṭha samāpattiyo nāma kilesānaṃ vikkhambhanavasena pavattā uttaruttari santapaṇītā dhammā, na tathā lokiyā avihiṃsādayo. Tattha kathaṃ avihiṃsādayo eva sallekhabhāvena vuttā, na itarāti imamatthaṃ vibhāvento codako <span class="bld">‘‘kasmā panā’’</span>tiādimāha. Itaro kāmaṃ samāpattiyo <a name="V1.0257"></a><a name="M1.0289"></a> santapaṇītasabhāvā, vaṭṭapādakatāya pana kilesānaṃ sallekhapaṭipadā na honti, avihiṃsādayo pana vivaṭṭapādakā sallekhapaṭipadāti imamatthaṃ vibhāvento <span class="bld">‘‘lokuttarapādakattā’’</span>tiādimāha. Imināyeva aṭṭhasamāpattīhi avihiṃsādīnaṃ visesadīpakena suttena yathā mahapphalataraṃ hoti, taṃ pakārajātaṃ veditabbaṃ. Idañhi dakkhiṇeyyataratāya dakkhiṇāya mahapphalatarataṃ sandhāya vuttanti sambandho. Nanu tattha ‘‘sotāpattiphalasacchikiriyāya paṭipanno’’ti āgataṃ, na ‘‘saraṇagato’’ti codanaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘saraṇagamanato paṭṭhāyā’’</span>tiādi. Vuttañhetaṃ <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> (ma. ni. aṭṭha. 3.379) ‘‘heṭṭhimakoṭiyā tisaraṇaṃ gato upāsakopi sotāpattiphalasacchikiriyāya paṭipanno nāmā’’ti. Yo hi vaṭṭadukkhaṃ samatikkamitukāmo pasannacitto ratanattayaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchati, tassa taṃ adhisīlādīnaṃ upanissayo hutvā anukkamena dassanamaggādhigamāya saṃvatteyyāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vihiṃsādivatthu</span>nti yadetaṃ vihiṃsādīnaṃ vatthuṃ vadāma, imasmiṃ vihiṃsādivatthusmiṃ. <span class="bld">Antamicchādiṭṭhiñca micchattānaṃ ādimicchādiṭṭhiñcā</span>ti idaṃ desanākkamaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Missetvā</span>ti micchādiṭṭhibhāvasāmaññena ekajjhaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Tathā</span>ti iminā yathā kammapathamicchattānaṃ ante ādimhi ca vuttamicchādiṭṭhiṃ missetvā ekajjhaṃ vuttaṃ, tathā tesaṃ ante vuttasammādiṭṭhīti imamatthaṃ upasaṃharati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pāṇa</span>nti vohārato sattaṃ, paramatthato jīvitindriyaṃ. <span class="bld">Atipātenti</span> saraseneva patanasabhāvaṃ aticca antarā eva pātenti, atikkamma vā satthādīhi abhibhavitvā pātenti. <span class="bld">Adinna</span>nti parasantakaṃ. <span class="bld">Ādiyantī</span>ti gaṇhanti. <span class="bld">Sallekhatī</span>ti samaṃ lekhati, pajahatīti attho. Kammapathakathā esāti <span class="bld">‘‘atthabhañjanaka’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. Piyasuññakaraṇato <span class="bld">pisuṇā,</span> pisati pare satte hiṃsatīti vā <span class="bld">pisuṇā. Pharusā</span>ti lūkhā, niṭṭhurāti attho. <span class="bld">Niratthaka</span>nti attharahitaṃ attano paresañca hitavinimuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Micchā</span>ti viparītā niccādivasena pavattiyā. <span class="bld">Pāpikā</span>ti lāmikā. Ekantākusalatāya <span class="bld">viññūhi</span> buddhādīhi <span class="bld">garahitā. Natthi dinnanti ādivatthukāyā</span>ti dasavatthukamicchādiṭṭhimāha. Natthikabhāvābhinivesanavasena kammapathappattiyevassā <span class="bld">kammapathapariyāpannatā</span>. ‘‘Rūpaṃ attā’’’tiādinayappavattā attadiṭṭhi <a name="M1.0290"></a> maggantarāyakarattā <span class="bld">aniyyānikadiṭṭhi</span>. Aniyyānikattā eva hissā micchattapariyāpannatā. <span class="bld">Sammā</span>ti aviparītā, tato <span class="bld">eva sobhanā</span> sundarā, buddhādīhi pasatthattā <span class="bld">viññuppasatthā</span>. Sesamettha micchādiṭṭhiyaṃ vuttanayena veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Asubhādīsu <a name="V1.0258"></a> subhādiākāraggahaṇato <span class="bld">ayāthāvaaniyyānikā</span> ayoniso uppattiyā. <span class="bld">Akusalā</span>ti ayāthāvāaniyyānikā akusalā saṅkappā. <span class="bld">Esa nayo</span>ti iminā ‘‘ayāthāvā aniyyānikā akusalā vācā’’tiādinā tattha tattha ayāthāvādiatthaṃ atidisati. <span class="bld">Vācā</span>ti cetanā adhippetā, tathā <span class="bld">kammantājīvāsati</span> ca. Yebhuyyena atītānussaraṇavasena pavattito <span class="bld">‘‘atītaṃ cintayato’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Tathā hi loke evaṃ vadanti ‘‘yaṃ me pahūtaṃ dhanaṃ ahosi, taṃ pamādavasena pana bahuṃ khīṇa’’nti. <span class="bld">Satipatirūpakenā</span>ti ‘‘cirakatampi cirabhāsitampi saritā’’ti evaṃ vuttasatuppattipatirūpakena. <span class="bld">Uppatti</span>nti cittuppattiṃ. Tathāpavattacittuppādo hi micchāsati. Sā pana kodhavasena vā ‘‘akkocchi maṃ avadhi ma’’ntiādinā (dha. pa. 3) upanayhantassa, rāgavasena vā ‘‘yānissa tāni pubbe mātugāmena saddhiṃ hasitalapitakīḷitāni anussaratī’’ti (a. ni. 7.50) vuttanayena subhato anussarantassa, diṭṭhivasena vā ‘‘so kho pana me atto nicco dhuvo’’tiādinā micchāabhinivisantassāti evamādinā nayena pavattatīti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upāyacintāvasenā</span>ti khippajālakumināduhalādiupakaraṇasaṃvidhānādīsu yutticintanādivasena <span class="bld">pāpaṃ katvā</span> vippaṭisāranimittaṃ, <span class="bld">‘‘sukataṃ mayā’’</span>ti pāmojjanimittaṃ katvā <span class="bld">paccavekkhaṇākārena moho</span> aññāṇaṃ. Tattha pana ‘‘asive sivā’’ti vohāro viya ñāṇavohāro. Micchāsabhāvattā pana <span class="bld">micchāñāṇaṃ</span>tveva vuccati. Ekūnavīsatibhedaṃ paccavekkhaṇañāṇaṃ sammā pekkhitattā <span class="bld">sammāñāṇaṃ</span> vuccati, itaraṃ pana jhānādipaccavekkhaṇañāṇaṃ sammādiṭṭhiyāva saṅgayhati. Rūpārūpasamāpattilābhitāmattena vaṭṭato <span class="bld">avimuttāyeva samānā ‘‘vimuttā maya’’nti evaṃsaññino</span>. Pakatipurisantarañāṇasaṅkhātāyaṃ, guṇaviyuttassa attano sakattani avaṭṭhānasaṅkhātāyaṃ, attano mahābrahmunā salokatā tassa samīpatāsaṃyujjanasaṅkhātāyaṃ <a name="M1.0291"></a> vā avimuttiyaṃ <span class="bld">vimuttisaññino</span>. Ekantākusalatāya hīnattā <span class="bld">pāpikā</span>. Ayāthāvatāya <span class="bld">viparītā. Yathāvuttenā</span>ti ‘‘avimuttāyeva samānā’’ti vuttappakārena. ‘‘Mayamettha sammādiṭṭhi bhavissāmā’’tiādīsu phalasammādiṭṭhiādīnipi maggasammādiṭṭhiādipakkhikānevāti adhippāyena <span class="bld">‘‘phalasampayuttāni…pe… veditabbā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Sabbepi pana phaladhamme vimuttikkhandhasaṅgahato ‘‘vimuttī’’ti vuccamāne na koci virodho. Ettha sammāvimuttisaṅkhāte sallekhavatthumhi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadi <span class="bld">nīvaraṇavasena vuttāni,</span> tasmā tīṇeva vuttānīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘abhijjhālū’’</span>tiādi. Pariyuṭṭhānappattā <span class="bld">thinamiddhapariyuṭṭhitā</span>. Yassa dhammassa atthitāya uddhatā nāma honti, so dhammo uddhaccanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘uddaccena samannāgatāti uddhatā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Vicinantā</span>ti dhammoti vā adhammoti vā <a name="V1.0259"></a> ādinā yaṃ kiñci sabhāvaṃ vinicchinantā. <span class="bld">Upanāhanasīlā</span>ti parassa attano citte anubandhanasīlā. <span class="bld">Issantī</span>ti usūyanti. <span class="bld">Saṭhayantīti saṭhā</span> aññathā attānaṃ aññathā pavedanakā. Te pana yasmā na yathābhūtavādino, tasmā āha <span class="bld">‘‘na sammā bhāsantīti vuttaṃ hotī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Vuttapaccanīkanayenā</span>ti ‘‘na kodhanā akkodhanā’’tiādinā vuttaatthapaṭipakkhanayena.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dukkhaṃ vaco etesu vippaṭikūlaggāhitāya vipaccanīkagāhesūti <span class="bld">dubbacā</span>. Te pana vacanakkhamā na hontīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vattuṃ dukkhā’’</span>tiādi. Hīnācāratāya dukkhassa vā sampāpakatāya <span class="bld">pāpakā</span>. <span class="bld">Asaddhammavasenā</span>ti asappurisadhammavasena. Attanā visesitabbavasena kāyaviññattiādīnaṃ kāyakammadvārādibhāvo viya assaddhiyādiasaddhammasamannāgamenaasataṃ asappurisānaṃ dhammānanti tāniyeva assaddhiyādīni asaddhammā nāma, tesaṃ vasenāha <span class="bld">‘‘saddhā etesaṃ natthī’’</span>ti yathā taṃ ‘‘duppaññā’’ti. Suttageyyādi <span class="bld">appaṃ sutaṃ etesanti appassutā,</span> sutena anupapannā. <span class="bld">Natthīti gahetabba</span>nti iminā abhāvattho ayaṃ appa-saddo ‘‘appaḍaṃsamakasavātātapasarīsapasamphassāna’’ntiādīsu (a. ni. 10.11) viyāti dasseti. Sammāpaṭipattiyā anārambhanato <span class="bld">kucchitā</span> gārayhā <span class="bld">sīdanti</span> osīdanti saṃkilesapakkheti <span class="bld">kusītā</span> da-kārassa ta-kāraṃ katvā. Akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānāya kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ upasampadāya <span class="bld">āraddhaṃ</span> paggahitaṃ <span class="bld">vīriyaṃ etesanti āraddhavīriyā</span>. Anuppādanena <a name="M1.0292"></a> <span class="bld">muṭṭhā</span> naṭṭhā sati <span class="bld">etesanti muṭṭhassatī</span>. <span class="bld">Duṭṭhā</span>ti dūsitā. Duppaññā nāma dūsitabhāvo paṭipakkhena vināsitabhāvoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘naṭṭhapaññāti vuttaṃ hotī’’</span>ti. Heṭṭhā sammādiṭṭhiggahaṇena kammassakatāpaññāya maggasammādiṭṭhiyā ca gahitattā subbacakalyāṇamittatāparivārāhi idha saddhādīhi vipassanāsambhārassa uddhaṭattā ca vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘idha vipassanāpaññā veditabbā’’</span>ti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vipassanāsambhāro hī’’</span>tiādi. Yuttiṃ anapekkhitvāpi ayamattho gahetabboti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘porāṇānaṃ āṇā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Lokuttaraguṇānaṃ antarāyakara</span>nti lokuttaraguṇānaṃ adhigamassa antarāyakaraṃ. <span class="bld">Sandiṭṭhi</span>nti saṃ attano diṭṭhiṃ, yaṃ vā taṃ vā attanā yathāgahitadiṭṭhinti attho. Sabhāvaṃ atikkamitvā parato āmasanato <span class="bld">parāmāsī. Daḷhaggāhī</span>ti ‘‘idameva sacca’’nti thiraggāhaggāhī. <span class="bld">Paṭinissaggī</span>ti paṭinissajjanako. <span class="bld">Kummovā</span>ti yathā kacchapo attano pādādike aṅge kenaci ghaṭṭito sabbāni aṅgāni attano kapāleyeva samodahati, na bahi nīharati, evamayampi ‘‘na sundaro tava gāho, chaḍḍehi na’’nti vutto taṃ na vissajjeti. <span class="bld">Antoyeva</span> attano hadaye eva ṭhapetvā taṃ vadati. <span class="bld">Kumbhīlaggāha</span>nti saṃsumāraggāhaṃ. <span class="bld">Gaṇhantī</span>ti yathā saṃsumārā gahitaṃ na vissajjenti, evaṃ gaṇhanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para84"></a><a name="para84_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">84</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V1.0260"></a> <span class="bld">catucattālīsāya ākārehī</span>ti avihiṃsanādīhi catuadhikacattālīsappakārehi. Kasmā panettha avihiṃsā ādito vuttā? Sabbaguṇānaṃ mūlabhāvato. Avihiṃsāti hi karuṇāyetaṃ adhivacanaṃ, sā ca visesato sīlassa mūlakāraṇaṃ parūpaghātalakkhaṇā dussīlyā oramāpanato. Yathā hi pāṇātipāto parūpaghātalakkhaṇo, tathā paresaṃ sāpateyyāvaharaṇaṃ, sattippahāratopi dhanassāvahāro garutaroti. Tathā abrahmacariyaṃ gabbhadhāraṇādidukkhāvahanato, paradārātikkame pana vattabbameva natthi. Paresaṃ visaṃvādanabhedanamammaghaṭṭanānaṃ parūpaghātabhāvo pākaṭo eva, samphappalāpo atthaggāhāpanato anatthuppādanato, abhijjhā adinnādānādihetuto, byāpādo pāṇātipātādihetuto, micchādiṭṭhi sabbānatthahetuto <a name="M1.0293"></a> parūpaghātalakkhaṇā, micchādiṭṭhi dhammikapaṭiññopi pāṇātipātādīni karoti, pare ca tattha niyojeti, kimaṅgaṃ pana itare. Vihiṃsalakkhaṇā dussīlyā oramā avihiṃsalakkhaṇā visesato sīlassa balavakāraṇaṃ. Sīlapadaṭṭhāno ca samādhi, samādhipadaṭṭhānā ca paññāti sabbaguṇānaṃ mūlabhūtā avihiṃsā. Apica uḷārajjhāsayānaṃ nisammakārīnaṃ dhīrānaṃ uttamapurisānaṃ sīlaṃ viya samādhipaññāpi paresaṃ hitasukhāvahāva sampajjantīti evampi karuṇā sabbaguṇānaṃ mūlanti sā ādito vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tato paraṃ visesato ‘‘avihiṃsāsamuṭṭhānā ime dhammā’’ti dassanatthaṃ kusalakammapathadhammā gahitā. Tato idaṃ guṇānaṃ mūlabhūtaṃ sīlaṃ, ettha patiṭṭhitena ime dhammā uppādetabbāti dassanatthaṃ aṭṭha sammattā gahitā. Tesaṃ visodhanāya paṭipannassa ādito evaṃ hotīti dassanatthaṃ nīvaraṇaviveko gahito, ādito nīvaraṇadvayassa aggahaṇe gahitāgahitakāraṇaṃ <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathāya</span> vuttameva. Kodhassa pana byāpādato bhedo <span class="bld">vatthasuttavaṇṇanāyaṃ</span> (ma. ni. aṭṭha. 1.71) vuttanayeneva veditabbo. Kodhādippahānena cettha sallekhasiddhīti dassanatthaṃ tato upakkilesavisuddhi gahitā. Sā ca subbacakalyāṇamittaappamattatāhi sijjhatīti dassanatthaṃ pakiṇṇakā gahitā. Sampannasovacassatādiguṇassa ime dhammā pāripūriṃ gacchanti, vipassanaṃ paribrūhetvā ariyamaggādhigamāya saṃvattantīti dassanatthaṃ saddhammā gahitā. Evaṃbhūtassa ayaṃ micchāgāho lokuttaraguṇādhigamassa antarāyakaro, tasmā so dūrato vajjetabbo, evaṃ yathāvuttāya sammāpaṭipattiyā ariyamaggaṃ adhigacchanto sallekhaṃ matthakaṃ pāpetīti dassanatthaṃ ‘‘sandiṭṭhiparāmāsī’’tiādi vuttanti evametesaṃ catucattālīsāya sallekhākārānaṃ gahaṇapayojanaṃ anupubbī ca veditabbā. Payogato sallekhapaṭipadaṃ paṭipajjituṃ asakkontānaṃ cittuppādopi bahūpakāroti āha <span class="bld">‘‘cittuppādassapi bahūpakārataṃ dassetu’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kusalesu</span> <a name="V1.0261"></a> <span class="bld">dhammesū</span>ti avihiṃsādīsu yathāvuttaanavajjadhammesu. <span class="bld">Anuvidhiyanā</span>ti cittuppādassa kāyavācāhi anuvidhānā. <span class="bld">Tesaṃ dhammāna</span>nti avihiṃsādidhammānaṃ, tesaṃ vā cittuppādavasena pavattadhammānaṃ. Idāni <a name="M1.0294"></a> yathāvuttadhammaṃ vitthārato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kasmā panā’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Saraṇagamanaṃ vācāya viññāpetuṃ asakkontassa vasena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kāyena vā’’</span>ti. ‘‘Sīlaṃ kāyena samādiyatī’’ti etthāpi eseva nayo. Ettha ca tathā tathā pavattasallahukakāmāvacarakusalacittuppattiṃ upādāya tathārūpakusalakāyavacīkammānaṃ bahūpakāratā vuttāti na sabhāvato cittuppādassa bahūpakārataṃ ñāyatīti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para85"></a><a name="para85_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">85</span>. <span class="bld">Hitādhigamāyā</span>ti diṭṭhadhammikādihitasampattiyā, ariyamaggādhigamāya eva vā. Ariyamaggo hi ekantahitattā hito nāma. Parivajjanavasena kamanaṃ pavatti parikkamananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘parikkamanāya parivajjanatthāyā’’</span>ti. Sammādassanupāyasaṃvidhānena <span class="bld">avihiṃsā paṭiyattā</span> sammāsambuddhena. <span class="bld">Sukhenevā</span>ti akiccheneva. Eteneva <span class="bld">upāyenā</span>ti eteneva avihiṃsāpade vuttena vidhinā. <span class="bld">Sabbapadānī</span>ti sesāni tecattālīsa padāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para86"></a><a name="para86_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">86</span>. <span class="bld">Akusalā</span> paṭisandhiajanakā nāma uddhaccasahagatacittuppādadhammā aññepi pavattivipākamattadāyino, <span class="bld">dinnāya paṭisandhiyā vipākajanakā,</span> paccayavekallena vipaccituṃ aladdhokāsā ahosikammādayo vā <span class="bld">ajanakā</span>. <span class="bld">Jātivasenā</span>ti akusalajātivasena. <span class="bld">Adhobhāgaṅgamanīyā</span>ti apāyagamanīyā. <span class="bld">Evaṃnāmā</span>ti nāmaggahaṇena sabhāvaṃ upalakkheti sati paccayasamavāye taṃsabhāvānativattanato. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vipākakāle aniṭṭhākantavipākattā’’</span>ti. Vuttanayeneva kusalapakkho veditabbo. Ayaṃ pana viseso, idha paṭisandhiajanakā abhiññāsahagatadhammā, sesaṃ vuttasadisameva. <span class="bld">Sabbe akusalā</span>ti ettha vihiṃsamekaṃ ṭhapetvā itare sabbe akusalā upamābhūtā. Vihiṃsā hi upameyyaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbe kusalā</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Eteneva upāyenā</span>ti yathā vihiṃsānaṃ upameyyatā, tadavasesānaṃ kusalākusalānaṃ upamābhāvo vutto, iminā nayena akusalaṃ pāṇātipātādiakusalena itarena, kusalañca pāṇātipātāpaṭiviratiādikusalena itarena upametabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para87"></a><a name="para87_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">87</span>. <span class="bld">Parinibbāpane</span>ti kilesapariḷāhavūpasamane. Parito limpanaṭṭhena palipaṃ vuccati mahākaddamaṃ, taṃ pana ekantato gambhīrampi hotīti <span class="bld">‘‘gambhīrakaddame</span> <a name="M1.0295"></a> <span class="bld">nimuggo’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Palipaṃ viya <a name="V1.0262"></a> <span class="bld">palipanti pañca kāmaguṇā vuccanti, tasmā evaṃ</span> idāni vuccamānena upamopameyyasaṃsandananayena <span class="bld">ettha</span> imasmiṃ ṭhāne <span class="bld">atthayojanā veditabbā</span>. <span class="bld">Na hi taṃ kāraṇa</span>nti ettha kāraṇaṃ nāma hatthassa vā pādassa vā apalipannabhāvo, so pana natthi. Esa nayo upameyyepi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tattha siyā</span> kassaci parivitakko ‘‘bhagavato desanānubhāvena bhikkhuādayo kathentī’’ti. <span class="bld">‘‘Bhagavāyeva hi tattha uddharatī’’</span>ti vatvā upamāya tadatthaṃ vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘rañño’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Puthujjanā tāvatiṭṭhantu, sāvakasikhāppattavisesānampi ariyānaṃ desanā satthuyeva desanāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kiñcāpī’’</span>tiādimāha. Tathā hi tehi desitasuttāni buddhavacanameva, tesaṃ desanāya laddhavisesāpi ariyā buddhaputtāyevāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anibbisatāyā</span>ti anibbisevanatāya. <span class="bld">Asikkhitavinayatāyā</span>ti pañcannaṃ vinayānaṃ sādaraṃ asikkhitabhāvena. Te pana vinayā tissannaṃ sikkhānaṃ sikkhāpanena hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tisso sikkhā sikkhāpessatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Kiṃ pana ta</span>nti? ‘‘Ṭhānametaṃ vijjatī’’ti ettha vuttaṃ kiṃ pana ṭhānanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘apalipapalipannatta’’</span>ntiādi. Yasmā pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘so vata cundā’’tiādinā sāmaññatthaṃ upamābhāvena gahetvā visesattho upameyyabhāvena vutto, tasmā tamatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘evamattho veditabbo’’</span>tiādinā sādhāraṇato vatvā puna asādhāraṇato vivaranto <span class="bld">‘‘kiṃ vuttaṃ hotī’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Parassa vihiṃsācetanaṃ nibbāpessatī</span>ti idaṃ yo avihiṃsāsaṅkhātaṃ sammāpaṭipattiṃ disvā diṭṭhānugatiṃ āpajjanto dhammadesanāya paro avihiṃsako hoti, tādisaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Ādesanañhi tassa vacananti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ayaṃ yā esā vihiṃsakassā’’</span>ti. Pubbe <span class="bld">vihiṃsakassa</span> micchāpaṭipajjantassa. <span class="bld">Vihiṃsāpahānāya maggaṃ bhāvayato</span>tiādinā attano eva avihiṃsāya vihiṃsāparinibbānāya saṃvattanamāha. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘parinibbuto viyā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Sabbapadesū</span>ti ‘‘pāṇātipātissā’’tiādinā āgatesu tecattālīsāya padesu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para88"></a><a name="para88_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">88</span>. <span class="bld">Eva</span>nti desitākāraparāmasanaṃ. <span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti sallekhassa. ‘‘Atthi khvesa brāhmaṇa, pariyāyo’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 8.11; pārā. 3-10) viya <span class="bld">pariyāya</span>-saddo kāraṇatthoti <a name="M1.0296"></a> āha <span class="bld">‘‘sallekhakāraṇa’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Tesaṃ vasenā</span>ti sallekhānaṃ vasena. Mettāya upasaṃharaṇavasena <span class="bld">hitaṃ esantena</span>. Karuṇāya vasena <span class="bld">anukampamānena</span>. <span class="bld">Pariggahetvā</span>ti parito gahetvā, paritvāti attho. <span class="bld">Pariccā</span>ti parito itvā, samantato pharitvā icceva attho. <span class="bld">Mā pamajjitthā</span>ti ‘‘jhāyathā’’ti vuttasamathavipassanānaṃ aññāṇena, aññena vā kenaci pamādakāraṇena <a name="V1.0263"></a> mā pamādaṃ āpajjittha. Niyyānikasāsane hi akattabbakaraṇampi pamādoti. <span class="bld">Vipattikāle</span>ti sattaasappāyādivipattiyuttakāle. Yathāvuttā pañca pariyāyā aññepi sabbe sāsanaguṇā idheva saṅgahaṃ gacchantīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘jhāyatha, mā pamādatthāti tumhākaṃ anusāsanī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="centered">Sallekhasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.</p>
<p class="subhead">9. Sammādiṭṭhisuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para89"></a><a name="para89_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">89</span>. <span class="bld">Kathetukamyatāpucchā</span> <a name="V1.0264"></a> <span class="bld">evā</span>ti avadhāraṇena itarā catasso pucchā nivatteti itarāsaṃ asambhavato, tattha yathāpucchitassa atthassa vissajjanato ca ‘‘ayaṃ sammādiṭṭhī’’ti yāthāvato ajānantāpi puthujjanā bāhirakatāpasādayo attano samānasīle ṭhitaṃ <span class="bld">sammādiṭṭhīti vadanti</span>. <span class="bld">Anussavādivasenāpī</span>ti anussavākāraparivitakkadiṭṭhinijjhānakkhantivasenapi. Yathāsamaṅgitākārassa atthassa evametanti nijjhānakkhamāpanato ekantato yāthāvaggāho hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘attapaccakkhenapī’’</span>ti, yāthāvato lakkhaṇassa paṭividdhattā attano paccakkhabhāvenāti attho. <span class="bld">Bahunnaṃ vacanaṃ upādāyā</span>ti iminā sāsane loke ca niruḷhatāya ayaṃ āmeḍitapayogoti sāsanassa niruḷhatāya ca sampasādaṃ upādāyapi tadubhayiko āmeḍitapayogo daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Attha</span>nti vacanatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Lakkhaṇa</span>nti sabhāvaṃ. <span class="bld">Upādāyā</span>ti gahetvā. <span class="bld">Sobhanāyā</span>ti sundarāya. <span class="bld">Pasatthāyā</span>ti pasaṃsāya. Tesu purimena dhammānaṃ yathāsabhāvāvabodhasaṅkhātaṃ sammādiṭṭhisabhāvaṃ dasseti. Tena hi sā sabbadhamme abhibhavitvā sobhati. Dutiyena sampayuttadhammesu pariṇāyikabhāvaṃ. Tena hi sā sampayuttadhamme ñāṇamaye viya taṃsamaṅginañca puggalaṃ ñāṇapiṇḍaṃ viya karoti, tassa ‘‘paṇḍito nipuṇo cheko viññū vibhāvī’’tiādinā disāsu pasaṃsā pattharati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kammassakatāñāṇa</span>nti <a name="M1.0297"></a> kammaṃ sako etassāti kammassako, tassa bhāvo kammassakatā, tattha ñāṇaṃ ‘‘idaṃ kammaṃ sattānaṃ sakaṃ, idaṃ no saka’’nti evaṃ jānanañāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Saccānulomikañāṇa</span>nti ariyasaccānaṃ paṭivedhassa anulomato saccānulomikaṃ ñāṇaṃ, vipassanāñāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">No saccānulomikāyā</span>ti bāhirako saccānulomikāya sammādiṭṭhiyā no sammādiṭṭhi sabbena sabbaṃ tassa abhāvato. Tattha kāraṇamāha <span class="bld">‘‘attadiṭṭhiparāmāsakattā’’</span>ti. Kammassa katādiṭṭhi pana bāhirakassa attadiṭṭhiṃ anurujjhantī pavattati ‘‘atthi dinna’’ntiādinayappavattito. <span class="bld">Sāsaniko dvīhipī</span>ti sāsaniko puthujjano kammassakatāñāṇādīhi dvīhipi sammādiṭṭhi. Okkantasammattaniyāmattā <span class="bld">‘‘sekkho niyatāyā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Asekkhāya sammādiṭṭhiyā sammādiṭṭhīti ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ. Tīsupi puggalesu sekkho idha sammādiṭṭhīti adhippetoti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘niyatāya niyyānikāyā’’</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni <a name="V1.0265"></a> yathāvuttamatthaṃ pāḷiyā vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tenevāhā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Antadvaya</span>nti ‘‘sassataṃ, ucchedaṃ, kāmasukhaṃ, attakilamatha’’nti etaṃ antadvayaṃ. Līnuddhaccapatiṭṭhānāyūhanantadvayassa anupagamanaṃ atthasiddhameva. <span class="bld">Ujubhāvenā</span>ti ujusabhāvena maggena, majjhimāya paṭipattiyāti attho. Dhamme pasādaggahaṇena satthari saṅghe ca pasādopi gahitoyeva hotīti <span class="bld">‘‘dhamme’’</span>icceva vutto tadavinābhāvato. Yasmā esa niyatāya sammādiṭṭhiyā samannāgato sammādiṭṭhīti adhippeto, tañca vaṭṭato niyyānaṃ vivaṭṭādhigamena hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘āgato imaṃ saddhamma’’</span>nti. Nibbānañhi santo sadā vijjamāno dhammoti katvā saddhammoti imaṃ phalehi asādhāraṇena pariyāyena vattabbataṃ labhati. Tayidamassa āgamaṃ sacchikiriyābhisamayo, so ca pahānābhisamayādīhi saheva idha ijjhatīti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘sabbadiṭṭhigahanānī’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">sabbadiṭṭhigahanāni vinibbeṭhento sabbakilese pajahanto</span>ti padadvayena pana pahānābhisamayamāha, <span class="bld">jātisaṃsārā nikkhamanto</span>ti iminā pariññābhisamayaṃ. Samatikkamattho hi pariññattho. <span class="bld">Paṭipattiṃ pariniṭṭhapento</span>ti iminā bhāvanābhisamayanti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kālaparicchedavacana</span>nti paricchijjatīti paricchedo, kālo eva paricchedo kālaparicchedo, yo so akusalapajānanādinā paricchinno <a name="M1.0298"></a> maggavuṭṭhānakālo maggakkhaṇo, tassa vacananti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yasmiṃ kāle’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Akusalañcā</span>ti <span class="bld">ca</span>-saddo samuccayattho. Tena vakkhamānaṃ akusalamūlādiṃ samuccinoti. <span class="bld">Dasākusalakammapatha</span>nti kutoyaṃ viseso, yāvatā aniddhāritavisesaṃ akusalaṃ gahitanti? Na sāmaññajotanāya visese avaṭṭhānato. Kiṃ vā imāya yutticintāya, yasmā paṭhamavārena uddesavasena desitassa atthassa vitthāradesanā dutiyavāro. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘katamaṃ panāvuso’’</span>tiādi. Yasmā lokuttarā sammādiṭṭhi idha adhippetā, tasmā nirodhārammaṇāya pajānanāya maggapaññāya kiccavasena sammohato ‘‘idaṃ dukkha’’nti dasaakusalakammapathaṃ paṭivijjhanto <span class="bld">‘‘akusalaṃ pajānātī’’</span>ti vuccatīti attho. <span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti akusalakammapathasaṅkhātassa dukkhassa. <span class="bld">Teneva pakārenā</span>ti ‘‘nirodhārammaṇāya pajānanāya kiccavasenā’’ti vuttappakārena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kusala</span>nti etthāyaṃ vacanattho – kucchite pāpadhamme salayati calayati kampetīti <span class="bld">kusalaṃ,</span> kucchitena vā ākārena sayantīti kusā, pāpakā dhammā. Te kuse lunāti chindatīti <span class="bld">kusalaṃ</span>. Kucchitānaṃ vā sānato tanukaraṇato ñāṇaṃ kusaṃ nāma, tena lātabbaṃ gahetabbaṃ pavattetabbanti <span class="bld">kusalaṃ</span>. Yathā vā kuso ubhayabhāgagataṃ hatthapadesaṃ lunāti, evamidaṃ uppannānuppannavasena ubhayabhāgagataṃ saṃkilesapakkhaṃ lunāti chindati, tasmā kuso viya lunātīti <a name="V1.0266"></a> <span class="bld">kusalaṃ</span>. Kucchitānaṃ vā sāvajjadhammānaṃ salanato saṃvaraṇato <span class="bld">kusalaṃ</span>. Kusaladhammavasena hi akusalā manacchaṭṭhesu dvāresu appavattiyā saṃvutā honti. Kucchite vā pāpadhamme salayati gameti apanetīti <span class="bld">kusalaṃ</span>. Kucchitānaṃ vā pāṇātipātādīnaṃ sānato nisānato tejanato kusā, dosalobhādayo. Sādīnavavasena cetanāya tikkhabhāvappattiyā pāṇātipātādīnaṃ mahāsāvajjatā. Te kuse lunāti chindatīti <span class="bld">kusalaṃ</span>. Kucchitānaṃ vā sānato antakaraṇato vināsanato kusāni, puññakiriyavasena pavattāni saddhādīni indriyāni. Tehi lātabbaṃ pavattetabbanti <span class="bld">kusalaṃ</span>. ‘‘Ku’’iti vā bhūmi vuccati, adhiṭṭhānabhāvena taṃsadisassa attano nissayabhūtassa rūpārūpapabandhassa sampati āyatiñca anudahena vināsanato kuṃ sasantīti kusā, rāgādayo. Te viya attano <a name="M1.0299"></a> nissayassa lavanato chindanato <span class="bld">kusalaṃ</span>. Payogasampāditā hi kusaladhammā accantameva rūpārūpadhamme appavattikaraṇena samucchindanti. Kusalassa mūlanti <span class="bld">kusalamūlaṃ,</span> suppatiṭṭhitabhāvasādhanena kusalassa patiṭṭhā nidānanti attho. <span class="bld">Akusalamūla</span>nti etthāpi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Akusala</span>nti pana na kusalaṃ akusalaṃ, kusaladhammānaṃ paṭipakkhavasena akusalanti padassa attho veditabbo. Evañhi ārogyānavajjasukhavipākakosallasambhūtaṭṭhena kusalaṃ vuccatīti. Yathā yaṃ dhammajātaṃ na arogaṃ na avajjaṃ na sukhavipākaṃ na ca kosallasambhūtaṃ, taṃ akusalanti ayamattho dassito hoti. Evaṃ yaṃ na kucchitānaṃ salanasabhāvaṃ, na kusena, kusehi vā pavattetabbaṃ, na ca kuso viya lavanakaṃ, taṃ akusalaṃ nāmāti ayampi attho dassitoti veditabbo. <span class="bld">Vatthupajānanā</span>ti dukkhādivatthuno pajānanā paṭivedho. Tathā bujjhanakapuggalānaṃ ajjhāsayavasena desanā pavattāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘akusalādipajānanenāpī’’</span>ti. Teneva ca saṃkhittena desanā pavattā. Bhāvanāmanasikāro pana ‘‘sabbaṃ bhikkhave abhiññeyya’’nti (saṃ. ni. 4.46; paṭi. ma. 1.3) vacanato anavasesato rūpārūpadhammānaṃ pariggahavaseneva pavattati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘desanāyevā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">manasikārapaṭivedho</span>ti pubbabhāge pavattavipassanāmanasikāro ariyamaggapaṭivedho ca. Kassaci akopanato vitthāravaseneva vuttaṃ vipassanaṃ anuyuñjantā maggaṃ paṭivijjhantāpi vitthāranayeneva paṭivijjhantīti attho visuddhikkamassa abhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhikkhū</span>ti mahāvihāre dhammasaṅgītivasena pañcanikāyamaṇḍale nisinnabhikkhū. <span class="bld">Thero</span>ti tattha saṅghattheroti vadanti. Vatthasuttavaṇṇanāyaṃ vuttanayena pana mahāsaṅgharakkhitattherassa antevāsikabhikkhū <a name="V1.0267"></a> sandhāya <span class="bld">‘‘āhaṃsū’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Thero</span>ti pana mahāsaṅgharakkhitatthero. So hi imasmiṃ majjhimanikāye taṃ taṃ vinicchayaṃ kathesi. <span class="bld">Rāsito</span>ti piṇḍato, ekajjhanti attho.</p>
<p class="subhead">Akusalakammapathavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Akosallappavattiyā</span>ti kosallapaṭipakkhato akosallaṃ vuccati aññāṇaṃ, tato pavattanato, akosallasambhūtattāti attho. Ñāṇapaṭipakkho <a name="M1.0300"></a> aññāṇaṃ mittapaṭipakkho amitto viya kusalapaṭipakkho akusalaṃ kusalena pahātabbattā, na pana kusalānaṃ pahāyatattā. Kusalameva hi payogasampāditaṃ akusalaṃ pajahati. Saha avajjehi lobhādīhi vattatīti <span class="bld">sāvajjaṃ</span>. Dukkho aniṭṭho catukkhandha-saṅkhāto vipāko etassāti <span class="bld">dukkhavipākaṃ</span>. Tattha sāvajjavacanena akusalānaṃ pavattidukkhataṃ dasseti, dukkhavipākavacanena vipākadukkhataṃ. Purimañhi pavattisambhavavasena akusalassa lakkhaṇavacanaṃ, pacchimaṃ tālantare vipākuppādanasamatthatāvasena. Tathā purimena akusalassa avisuddhasabhāvataṃ dasseti, pacchimena avisuddhavipākataṃ. Purimena akusalaṃ kusalasabhāvato nivatteti, pacchimena abyākatasabhāvato savipākattadīpakattā pacchimassa. Purimena vā avajjavantatādassanato kiccaṭṭhena rasena anatthajananarasataṃ dasseti, pacchimena sampattiatthena aniṭṭhavipākarasataṃ. Purimena ca upaṭṭhānākāraṭṭhena paccupaṭṭhānena saṃkilesapaccupaṭṭhānataṃ, pacchimena phalaṭṭhena dukkhavipākapaccupaṭṭhānataṃ. Purimena ca ayonisomanasikāraṃ akusalassa padaṭṭhānaṃ pakāseti. Tato hi taṃ sāvajjaṃ jātaṃ, pacchimena akusalassa aññesaṃ padaṭṭhānabhāvaṃ vibhāveti. Tañhi dukkhavipākassa kāraṇanti. <span class="bld">Saṃkiliṭṭha</span>nti saṃkilesehi samannāgataṃ, dasahi kilesavatthūhi vibādhitaṃ, upatāpitaṃ vā tehi vidūsitaṃ malīnakatañcāti attho. Idañcassa dukkhavipākatañcāti atthe idañca dukkhavipākataṃ apaccakkhatāya asaddahantānaṃ paccakkhato ādīnavadassanena saṃvejanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sādhāraṇā</span> sabbassapi akusalassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Saraseneva (dha. sa. mūlaṭī. 1) patanasabhāvassa antarā eva atīva pātanaṃ <span class="bld">atipāto,</span> saṇikaṃ patituṃ adatvā sīghaṃ pātananti attho. Atikkammavā satthādīhi abhibhavitvā pātanaṃ <span class="bld">atipāto</span>. Payogavatthumahantatādīhi <span class="bld">mahāsāvajjatā</span> tehi paccayehi uppajjamānāya cetanāya balavabhāvato. Ekassa hi payogassa sahasā nipphādanavasena sakiccasādhikāya bahukkhattuṃ pavattajavanehi laddhāsevanāya ca sanniṭṭhāpakacetanāya vasena payogassa mahantabhāvo. Satipi kadāci khuddake ceva mahante ca pāṇe payogassa samabhāve mahantaṃ <a name="V1.0268"></a> hanantassa cetanā tibbākārā uppajjatīti vatthussa mahantabhāvo. Iti ubhayampetaṃ cetanāya <a name="M1.0301"></a> balavabhāveneva hotīti. Yathāvuttapaccayapariyāyepi taṃtaṃpaccayehi cetanāya balavatāya eva mahāsāvajjabhāvo veditabbo. Payogavatthuādipaccayānañhi amahattepi hantabbassa guṇavantatāya mahāsāvajjatā, tabbipariyāyena appasāvajjatā ca vatthussa mahattāmahattesu viya daṭṭhabbā. Kilesānaṃ upakkamānaṃ dvinnañca mudutāya tibbatāya ca appasāvajjatā mahāsāvajjatāpi yojetabbā. Pāṇo pāṇasaññitā vadhakacittañca pubbabhāgiyāpi honti, upakkamo vadhakacetanāsamuṭṭhāpito. Pañca sambhārā hi pāṇātipātacetanāti sā pañcasambhāravinimuttā daṭṭhabbā. Ayañca vicāro adinnādānādīsupi yathārahaṃ vattabbo. Vijjhanapaharaṇādivasena sahatthenanibbatto <span class="bld">sāhatthiko,</span> āṇāpanavasena pavatto <span class="bld">āṇattiko,</span> ususattiyantapāsāṇādinissajjanavasena pavatto <span class="bld">nissaggiyo,</span> aduhalasajjanādivasena pavatto <span class="bld">thāvaro,</span> āthabbaṇikādīnaṃ viya mantaparijappanavasena pavatto <span class="bld">vijjāmayo,</span> kammavipākajiddhimayo <span class="bld">iddhimayo</span> dāṭhākoṭanādīni viya.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadi ‘‘mama ida’’nti parena pariggahitaṃ adinnaṃ, uttānaseyyakadārakasantake kathaṃ tassa pariggahasaññāya eva abhāvatoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yattha paro’’</span>tiādi. Paro nāma viññū vā aviññū vā atthi tassa vatthussa sāmiko. Aviññūpi hi viññukāle yathākāmaṃ karonto <span class="bld">adaṇḍāraho</span>ti. Mantaparijappanena parasantakaharaṇaṃ vijjāmayo, vinā mantena parasantakassa kāyavacīpayogehi parikaḍḍhanaṃ tādiseniddhivasena iddhimayo payogoti adinnādāne <span class="bld">cha payogā</span> <span class="bld">sāhatthikādayo</span> vuttā. <span class="bld">Yathānurūpa</span>nti ettha sāhatthiko tāva pañcannampi avahārānaṃ vasena pavattati, tathā āṇattiyo nissaggiyo ca. Thāvaro theyyāvahārapasayhāvahārapaṭicchannāvahāravasena. Tathā sesāpīti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Methunasamācāresū</span>ti sadārāsantosa-paradāragamanavasena duvidhesu methunasamācāresu. Ayamevahi bhedo idhādhippeto. <span class="bld">Gottarakkhitā</span> sagottehi rakkhitā. <span class="bld">Dhammarakkhitā</span> sahadhammikehi rakkhitā. <span class="bld">Sārakkhā</span> sasāmikā. Yassā gamane raññā daṇḍo ṭhapito, sā <span class="bld">saparidaṇḍā</span>. Bhariyabhāvatthaṃ dhanena kītā <span class="bld">dhanakkītā</span>. Chandena vasantī <span class="bld">chandavāsinī</span>. Bhogatthaṃ vasantī bhogavāsinī. Paṭatthaṃ vasantī <span class="bld">paṭavāsinī</span>. Udakapattaṃ āmasitvā gahitā <span class="bld">odapattakinī</span>. Cumbaṭakaṃ apanetvā gahitā <a name="M1.0302"></a> <span class="bld">obhaṭacumbaṭā</span>. Karamarānītā <span class="bld">dhajāhatā</span>. Taṅkhaṇikā <span class="bld">muhuttikā</span>. Abhibhavitvā vītikkame micchācāro mahāsāvajjo, na tathā dvinnaṃ samānachandatāya. Abhibhavitvā vītikkamane satipi maggenamaggapaṭipattiadhivāsane purimuppannasevanābhisandhipayogābhāvato micchācāro <a name="V1.0269"></a> na hoti abhibhuyyamānassāti vadanti. Sevanācitte sati payogābhāvo appamāṇaṃ yebhuyyena itthiyā sevanāpayogassa abhāvato. Tathā sati puretaraṃ sevanācittassa upaṭṭhānepi tassā micchācāro na siyā, tathā purisassapi sevanāpayogābhāveti, tasmā attano ruciyā pavattitassa vasena tayo, balakkārena pavattitassa vasena tayoti sabbepi aggahitaggahaṇena <span class="bld">cattāro sambhārā</span>ti vuttanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Atthabhañjako</span>ti kammapathavasena vuttaṃ. Kammapathakathā hesāti. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti visaṃvādakassa. Musā vadati etenāti <span class="bld">cetanā musāvādo,</span> imasmiṃ pakkhe atathākārena vatthuno viññāpanapayogo musā, taṃsamuṭṭhāpikā cetanāmusāvādoti vuttattā tato aññathā vattuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘aparo nayo’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Attano santakaṃ adātukāmatāyā</span>tiādi musāvādasāmaññena vuttaṃ. Hasādhippāyenapi visaṃvādanapurakkhārassa musāvādo. <span class="bld">Parassā</span>ti visaṃvādanavasena viññāpetabbassa. <span class="bld">So</span>ti musāvādapayogo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Suññabhāva</span>nti pītivirahitatāya rittabhāvaṃ. Pharusasaddatāya <span class="bld">neva kaṇṇasukhā</span>. Atthavipannatāya <span class="bld">na hadayasukhā</span>. <span class="bld">Saṃkiliṭṭhacittassā</span>ti dosena, lobhena vā dūsitacittassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekantapharusā cetanā</span>ti etena duṭṭhacittataṃyeva vibhāveti, duṭṭhacittatā cassa amaraṇādhippāyavasena daṭṭhabbā. Sati hi maraṇādhippāye atthasiddhi, tadabhāve pāṇātipātabyāpādā siyunti. Yaṃ paṭicca pharusavācā payujjati, tassa sammukhāva sīsaṃ eti. Parammukhāpi sīsaṃ eti evāti apare. Tatthāyaṃ adhippāyo yutto siyā – sammukhā payoge agāravādīnaṃ balavabhāvato siyā cetanā balavatī, parassa ca tadatthaviññāpanaṃ, na tathā asammukhāti. Yathā ca akkosite mate āḷahane katā khamāpanā upavādantarāyaṃ nivatteti, evaṃ parammukhā payuttā pharusavācā hotiyevāti sakkā viññātuṃ. <span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti ekantapharusacetanāya eva <a name="M1.0303"></a> pharusavācābhāvassa āvibhāvatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Mammacchedako</span> savanapharusatāyāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Cittasaṇhātāya pharusavācā na hoti</span> kammapathā’ppattattā, kammabhāvaṃ pana na sakkā vāretuṃ. Evaṃ anvayavasena cetanāpharusatāya pharusavācaṃ sādhetvā idāni tameva byatirekavasena sādhetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vacanasaṇhatāyā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Esā</span>ti pharusavācā. Kammapathabhāvaṃ appattā <span class="bld">appasāvajjā,</span> itarā <span class="bld">mahāsāvajjā</span>. Tathā kilesānaṃ mudutibbatābhedehi sabbaṃ purimasadisaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āsevanaṃ</span> bahulīkaraṇaṃ. Yaṃ uddissa pavattito, tena aggahite <span class="bld">appasāvajjo,</span> gahite <span class="bld">mahāsāvajjo</span> <a name="V1.0270"></a> kammapathappattito. Yo koci pana samphappalāpo dvīhi sambhārehi sijjhati. Kilesānaṃ mudutibbatāvasenapi appasāvajjamahāsāvajjatā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Attano pariṇāmanaṃ</span> cittenevāti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Hitasukhaṃ byāpādayatī</span>ti yo taṃ uppādeti, tassa hitasukhaṃ vināseti. <span class="bld">Aho vatā</span>ti iminā accantavināsacintanaṃ dīpeti. Evaṃ hissa dāruṇapavattiyā kammapathappatti. <span class="bld">Yathābhuccagahaṇābhāvenā</span>ti yāthāvaggāhassa abhāvena aniccādisabhāvassa niccādito gahaṇena. <span class="bld">Micchā passatī</span>ti vitathaṃ passati. <span class="bld">Samphappalāpo viyā</span>ti iminā āsevanassa mandatāya appasāvajjataṃ, mahantatāya mahāsāvajjataṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Gahitākāraviparītatā</span>ti micchādiṭṭhiyā gahitākārassa viparītabhāvo. <span class="bld">Vatthuno</span>ti tassā ayathābhūtasabhāvamāha. <span class="bld">Tathābhāvenā</span>ti gahitākāreneva <span class="bld">tassa</span> diṭṭhigatikassa, <span class="bld">tassa</span> vā vatthuno <span class="bld">upaṭṭhānaṃ</span> evametaṃ, na ito aññathāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dhammato</span>ti sabhāvato. <span class="bld">Koṭṭhāsato</span>ti phassapañcamakādīsu cittaṅgakoṭṭhāsesu yaṃ koṭṭhāsā honti, tatoti attho. <span class="bld">Cetanādhammā</span>ti cetanāsabhāvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭipāṭiyā sattā</span>ti ettha nanu cetanā abhidhamme kammapathesu na vuttāti paṭipāṭiyā sattannaṃ kammapathabhāvo na yuttoti? Na, avacanassa aññahetukattā. Na hi tattha cetanāya akammapathattā kammapatharāsimhi avacanaṃ, kadāci pana kammapatho hoti, na sabbadāti kammapathabhāvassa aniyatattā <a name="M1.0304"></a> avacanaṃ. Yadā pana kammapatho hoti, tadā kammapatharāsisaṅgaho na nivārito. Etthāha – yadi cetanāya sabbadā kammapathabhāvābhāvato aniyato kammapathabhāvoti kammapatharāsimhi avacanaṃ, nanu abhijjhādīnaṃ kammapathabhāvaṃ appattānaṃ atthitāya aniyato kammapathabhāvoti tesampi kammapatharāsimhi avacanaṃ āpajjatīti? Nāpajjati kammapathatātaṃsabhāgatāhi tesaṃ tattha vuttattā. Yadi evaṃ cetanāpi tattha vattabbā siyā? Saccametaṃ, sā pana pāṇātipātādikāti pākaṭo, tassā kammapathabhāvoti na vuttā siyā. Cetanāya hi – ‘‘cetanāhaṃ, bhikkhave, kammaṃ vadāmi (a. ni. 6.63; kathā. 539), tividhā, bhikkhave, kāyasañcetanā akusalaṃ kāyakamma’’ntiādivacanato (kathā. 539) kammabhāvo pākaṭo, kammaṃyeva ca sugatiduggatīnaṃ tattha uppajjanakasukhadukkhānañca pathabhāvena pavattaṃ kammapathoti vuccatīti pākaṭo tassā kammapathabhāvo, abhijjhādīnaṃ pana cetanāsamīhanabhāvena sucaritaduccaritabhāvo cetanājanitapiṭṭhivaṭṭakabhāvena sugatiduggatitaduppajjanakasukhadukkhānaṃ pathabhāvo cāti na tathā pākaṭo kammapathabhāvoti teyeva tena sabhāvena dassetuṃ <span class="bld">abhidhamme</span> cetanā kammapatharāsibhāvena na vuttā<a name="V1.0271"></a>, atathājātiyakattā vā cetanā tehi saddhiṃ na vuttāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Mūlaṃ patvā</span>ti mūladesanaṃ patvā, mūlasabhāvesu dhammesu vuccamānesūti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Adinnādānaṃ sattārammaṇa</span>nti idaṃ ‘‘pañca sikkhāpadā parittārammaṇā eva vā’’ti imāya pañhapucchakapāḷiyā virujjhati. Yañhi pāṇātipātādidussīlyassa ārammaṇaṃ, tadeva taṃ veramaṇiyā ārammaṇaṃ. Vītikkamitabbavatthuto eva hi viratīti. <span class="bld">Sattārammaṇa</span>nti vā sattasaṅkhātaṃ saṅkhārārammaṇameva upādāya vuttanti nāyaṃ virodho. Tathā hi vuttaṃ <span class="bld">sammohavinodaniyaṃ</span> (vibha. aṭṭha. 714) ‘‘yāni sikkhāpadāni ettha sattārammaṇānīti vuttāni, tāni yasmā sattoti saṅkhyaṃ gataṃ saṅkhārameva ārammaṇaṃ karontī’’ti. Visabhāgavatthuno ‘‘itthī, puriso’’ti gahetabbato <span class="bld">sattārammaṇoti eke</span>. ‘‘Eko diṭṭho, dve sutā’’tiādinā samphappalapane <span class="bld">diṭṭhasutamutaviññātavasena</span>. <span class="bld">Tathā abhijjhā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">tathā</span>-saddo ‘‘diṭṭhasutamutaviññātavasenā’’ti idampi upasaṃharati, na sattasaṅkhārārammaṇataṃ eva dassanādivasena abhijjhāyanato. ‘‘Natthi sattā opapātikā’’ti pavattamānāpi <span class="bld">micchādiṭṭhi</span> <a name="M1.0305"></a> tebhūmakadhammavisayāvāti adhippāyenassā <span class="bld">saṅkhārārammaṇatā</span> vuttā. Kathaṃ pana micchādiṭṭhiyā sabbe tebhūmakadhammā ārammaṇaṃ hontīti? Sādhāraṇato. ‘‘Natthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko’’ti hi pavattamānāya atthato rūpārupāvacaradhammāpi gahitā eva hontīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sukhabahulatāya rājāno hasamānāpi ‘‘coraṃ ghātethā’’ti vadanti, hāso pana tesaṃ aññavisayoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sanniṭṭhāpaka…pe… hotī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kesañcī</span>ti sahajātānaṃ adinnādānādīnaṃ. <span class="bld">Sampayuttapabhāvakaṭṭhenā</span>ti sampayutto hutvā uppādakaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Kesañcī</span>ti asahajātānaṃ. <span class="bld">Upanissayapaccayaṭṭhenā</span>ti etena mūlaṭṭhena lobhassa upakārataṃ nivatteti. Suppatiṭṭhitabhāvasādhanaṭṭho hi mūlaṭṭho, so ca hetupaccayatāavinābhāvī, tena cettha mūlamiva mūlanti gahetabbaṃ, nippariyāyato pana pubbe ‘‘kesañcī’’ti vuttānaṃ sahajātānaṃ mūlabhāvo veditabbo. <span class="bld">Ratto kho</span>tiādinā suttapadenapi pāṇātipātādīnaṃ akusalānaṃ lobhassa mūlakāraṇataṃ vibhāveti, na mūlaṭṭhenupakāratthaṃ avisesato tesaṃ hetupaccayattābhāvato.</p>
<p class="centered">Akusalakammapathavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Kusalakammapathavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vera</span>nti <a name="V1.0272"></a> pāṇātipātādipāpadhammaṃ. So hi verahetutāya ‘‘vera’’nti vuccati, taṃ <span class="bld">maṇati</span> ‘‘mayi idha ṭhitāya kathamāgacchasī’’ti tajjentī viya nivāretīti <span class="bld">veramaṇī</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘pajahatī’’</span>ti. ‘‘Viramaṇī’’ti vattabbe niruttinayena eva-kāraṃ katvā evaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Vibhaṅge</span> (vibha. 703, 704) eva niddisanavasena evaṃ vuttā. Asamādinnasīlassa sampattato yathāupaṭṭhitavītikkamitabbavatthuto virati <span class="bld">sampattavirati,</span> samādānavasena uppannā virati <span class="bld">samādānavirati,</span> samādānavasena uppannā virati <span class="bld">samādānavirati,</span> kilesānaṃ samucchindanavasena pavattāvirati <span class="bld">samucchedavirati</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Jīvamānasasassa <a name="M1.0306"></a> maṃsarudhirasammissatāya <span class="bld">allasasamaṃsaṃ</span>. <span class="bld">Muñci</span> sabbattha samakaruṇatāya. <span class="bld">Saccaṃ vatvā</span> ‘‘etena saccavajjena mayhaṃ mātu rogo sammatū’’ti <span class="bld">adhiṭṭhāsi</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mahāsappo</span>ti ajagaro. <span class="bld">Muñcitvā agamāsi</span> sīlatejena.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kosallaṃ vuccati ñāṇaṃ, kosallena, kosallato vā <span class="bld">pavattiyā</span> upagamanato. <span class="bld">Kucchitasayanato</span>ti kucchitenākārena sayanato anusayanato, pavattanato vā. ‘‘Veramaṇikusalā’’ti vattabbāpi pucchānurūpaṃ vissajjananti ‘‘kusalā’’ti na vuttā, ‘‘kusala’’ntveva vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāmañcettha pāḷiyaṃ viratiyova āgatā, sikkhāpadavibhaṅge (vibha. 704) pana cetanāpi āharitvā dīpitāti tadubhayampi gaṇhanto <span class="bld">‘‘cetanāpi vaṭṭanti viratiyopī’’</span>ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anabhijjhā hi mūlaṃ patvā</span> kammapathakoṭṭhāsaṃ patvā anabhijjhāti vuttadhammo mūlato alobho kusalamūlaṃ hotīti evamattho daṭṭhabbo. Sesapadadvayepi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dussīlyārammaṇā tadārammaṇā jīvitindriyādiārammaṇā kathaṃ dussīlyāni pajahantīti taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yathā panā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anabhijjhā</span> <a name="V1.0273"></a> <span class="bld">…pe… viramantassā</span>ti abhijjhaṃ pajahantassāti attho. Na hi manoduccaritato virati atthi anabhijjhādīheva tappahānasiddhito. <span class="bld">Tesu alobho</span>tiādīsu yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ akusalamūlesu vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Appanāvāra</span>nti nigamanavāraṃ. <span class="bld">Ekena nayenā</span>ti vedanādivasena arūpamukheneva anekavidhesu vipassanākammaṭṭhānesu ekena kammaṭṭhānanayena. <span class="bld">‘‘Ṭhapetvā abhijjhaṃ nava akusalakammapathā’’</span>ti vattabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Dasā</span>ti vā idaṃ ‘‘kusalakammapathā’’ti iminā sambandhitabbaṃ ‘‘akusalakammapathā ca dasa kusalakammapathā cā’’ti. ‘‘Ṭhapetvā abhijjha’’nti hi imināva akusalakammapathānaṃ navabhāvo vutto hoti. Atha vā <span class="bld">dasā</span>ti idaṃ ubhayathāpi sambandhitabbaṃ. Abhijjhā hi pahātabbāpi sati pariññeyyataṃ nātivattatīti. Tathā hi vuttaṃ ‘‘rūpataṇhā piyarūpaṃ sātarūpa’’ntiādi, tasmā <a name="M1.0307"></a> sā tāya pariññeyyatāya dukkhasaccepi saṅgahaṃ labhateva, pahātabbaṃ pana upādāya ‘‘ṭhapetvā abhijjha’’nti vuttaṃ. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘pariyāyena pana sabbepi kammapathā dukkhasacca’’</span>nti. Abhijjhālobhānaṃ pavattiākārasiddhabhedaṃ upādāya <span class="bld">‘‘ime dve dhammā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Suttantanayena taṇhā ‘‘samudayasacca’’nti vuttāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘nippariyāyena samudayasacca’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Appavattī</span>ti appavattinimittamāha yathā ‘‘rāgakkhayo dosakkhayo’’ti (saṃ. ni. 4.314). Sappaccayatāya saṅkhatasabhāve dukkhasacce gahite appaccayatāya asaṅkhataṃ nirodhasaccaṃ paṭipakkhato āvattati, ekantasāvajje ācayagāmilakkhaṇe samudayasacce gahite sāvajjā vigamanaṃ apacayagāmilakkhaṇaṃ maggasaccaṃpaṭipakkhato āvattatīti dve āvattahāravasena veditabbānīti vuttaṃ. Tenevāha <span class="bld">nettiyaṃ</span> (netti. 4.niddesavāra) –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Ekamhi padaṭṭhāne, pariyesati sesakaṃ padaṭṭhānaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Āvattati paṭipakkhe, āvatto nāma so hāro’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbākārenā</span>ti kāmarāgarūparāgādisabbappakārehi, sabbato vā apāyagamanīyādiākārato, tattha kiñcipi anavasesetvā vā. <span class="bld">Sabbākārenevā</span>ti sabbākārato. <span class="bld">Nīharitvā</span>ti apanetvā, samucchinditvāicceva attho. <span class="bld">Kañci dhammaṃ anavakārīkaritvā</span>ti rūpavedanādīsu kañci ekadhammampi avinibbhogaṃ katvā, ekekato aggahetvā samūhatova gahetvāti attho. <span class="bld">Asmī</span>ti ahamasmīti mānaggāhavasena. So pana yasmā pañcakkhandhe niravasesato gaṇhāti, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘samūhaggahaṇākārenā’’</span>ti. Yasmā cettha aggamaggacittaṃ vuccati, tasmā āha <span class="bld">‘‘diṭṭhisadisaṃ mānānusaya’’</span>nti. ‘‘Yaṃ rūpaṃ taṃ aha’’ntiādinā <a name="V1.0274"></a> yathā diṭṭhi rūpādiṃ ‘‘ahamasmī’’ti gaṇhantī pavattati, evaṃ mānopi ‘‘seyyohamasmī’’tiādināti āha <span class="bld">‘‘mānānusayo asmīti pavattattā diṭṭhisadiso’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Paricchedakaro</span>ti osānaparicchedakaro ito paraṃ dukkhassābhāvakaraṇato. <span class="bld">Kammapathadesanāyā</span>ti kammapathamukhena pavattacatusaccadesanāya. <span class="bld">Manasikārappaṭivedhavasenā</span>ti vipassanāmanasikāramaggappaṭivedhavasena.</p>
<p class="centered">Kusalakammapathavāravaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Āhāravāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para90"></a><a name="para90_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">90</span>. <span class="bld">Āharatī</span>ti <a name="M1.0308"></a> (saṃ. ni. ṭī. 2.2.11) āneti, uppādeti upatthambheti cāti attho. <span class="bld">Nibbattā</span>ti pasutā. Tato paṭṭhāya hi loke jātavohāro. Paṭisandhiggahaṇato pana paṭṭhāya yāva mātukucchito nikkhamanaṃ, tāva sambhavesino. Esa tāva gabbhaseyyakesu bhūtasambhavesivibhāgo, itaresu pana paṭhamacittādivasena vutto. <span class="bld">Sambhava</span>-saddo cettha gabbhaseyyakānaṃ vasena pasūtipariyāyo, itaresaṃ vasena uppattipariyāyo. Paṭhamacittapaṭhamairiyāpathakkhaṇesu hi te sambhavaṃ uppattiṃ esanti upagacchanti nāma, na tāva bhūtā uppattiyā na suppatiṭṭhitattā. <span class="bld">Bhūtāyeva</span> sabbaso bhavesanāya samucchinnattā. <span class="bld">Na puna bhavissantīti</span> avadhāraṇena nivattitamatthaṃ dasseti, ‘‘yo ca kālaghaso bhūto’’tiādīsu (jā. 1.2.190) bhūta-saddassa khīṇāsavavācitā daṭṭhabbā. <span class="bld">Vā-saddo cettha sampiṇḍanattho</span> ‘‘agginā vā udakena vā’’tiādīsu (udā. 76) viya.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathāsakaṃ paccayabhāvena attabhāvassa paṭṭhapanamevetthaāhārehi kātabbaanuggahoti adhippāyenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vacanabhedo…pe… ekoyevā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sattassa uppannadhammāna</span>nti sattassasantāne uppannadhammānaṃ. Yathā ‘‘vassasataṃ tiṭṭhatī’’ti vutte anuppabandhavasena pavattatīti vuttaṃ hoti, evaṃ <span class="bld">ṭhitiyā</span>ti anuppabandhavasena pavattiyāti attho, sā pana avicchedoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘avicchedāyā’’</span>ti. Anuppabandhadhammuppattiyā sattasantāno anuggahito nāma hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘anuppannānaṃ uppādāyā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Etānī</span>ti ṭhitianuggahapadāni. <span class="bld">Ubhayattha daṭṭhabbāni,</span> na yathāsaṅkhyaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vatthugatā <a name="V1.0275"></a> ojā vatthu viya tena saddhiṃ āharitabbataṃ gacchatīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ajjhoharitabbato āhāro’’</span>ti. Nibbattitaojaṃ pana sandhāya ‘‘kabaḷīkārāhāro ojaṭṭhamakarūpāni āharatī’’ti vakkhati. <span class="bld">Oḷārikatā</span> appojatāya, na vatthuno thūlatāya, kathinatāya vā, tasmā yasmiṃ vatthusmiṃ parittā ojā hoti, taṃ oḷārikaṃ. Sappādayo dukkhuppādakatāya oḷārikāveditabbā. Visāṇādīnaṃ tivassachaḍḍitānaṃ pūtibhūttatā mudukatāti vadanti, taracchakheḷatemikatāya pana tathābhūtānaṃ tesaṃ mudukatā. Dhammasabhāvo hesa. <span class="bld">Sasānaṃ</span> <a name="M1.0309"></a> <span class="bld">āhāro sukhumo</span> taruṇatiṇasassakhādanato. <span class="bld">Sakuṇānaṃ āhāro sukhumo</span> tiṇabījādikhādanato. <span class="bld">Paccantavāsīnaṃ sukhumo,</span> tesañhi sākapaṇṇasukkhakurapadumapattampi āhāroti. <span class="bld">Tesaṃ</span> paranimmitavasavattīnaṃ. <span class="bld">Sukhumotvevā</span>ti na kiñci upādāya, atha kho sukhumo icceva <span class="bld">niṭṭhaṃ patto</span> tato paraṃ sukhumassa abhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vatthuvasena panettha āhārassa oḷārikasukhumatā vuttā, sā cassa appojamahojatāhi veditabbāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ettha cā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Parissama</span>nti khudāvasena uppannaṃ sarīrakhedaṃ. <span class="bld">Vinodetī</span>ti vatthu tassa vinodanamattaṃ karoti. <span class="bld">Na pana sakkoti pāletu</span>nti sarīraṃ yāpetuṃ nappahoti nissārattā. <span class="bld">Na sakkoti parissamaṃ vinodetuṃ</span> āmāsayassa apūraṇato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Chabbidhopī</span>ti iminā kassacipi phassassa anavasesitabbatamāha. Āhārassadesanākkamenevettha phassādīnaṃ dutiyāditā, na aññena kāraṇenāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘desanānayo evā’’</span>tiādi. Manaso sañcetanā, na sattassāti dassanatthaṃ manogahaṇaṃ yathā ‘‘cittassa ṭhiti (dha. sa. 11), cetovimutti cā’’ti (ma. ni. 1.69) āha <span class="bld">‘‘manosañcetanāti cetanā evā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Citta</span>nti yaṃ kiñci cittaṃ, na vipākaviññāṇameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pubbe ‘‘āhāranti paccaya’’nti vuttattā <span class="bld">‘‘yadi paccayaṭṭho āhāraṭṭho’’</span>tiādinā codeti. <span class="bld">Atha kasmā imeyeva cattāro vuttā</span>ti atha kasmā cattārova vuttā, ime eva ca vuttāti yojanā. <span class="bld">Visesapaccayattā</span>ti etena yathā aññe paccayadhammā attano paccayuppannassa paccayāva honti, ime pana tathā ca honti aññathā cāti samānepi paccayatte atirekapaccayā honti, tasmā āhārāti vuttāti imamatthaṃ dasseti. Idāni taṃ atirekapaccayataṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘visesapaccayo hī’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. <span class="bld">Visesapaccayo rūpakāyassa kabaḷīkāro āhāro</span> upatthambhakabhāvato. Tenāha <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> (visuddhi. 2.708; paṭṭhā. aṭṭha. paccayuddesavaṇṇanā) ‘‘rūpārūpānaṃ upatthambhakattena upakārakā cattāro āhārā āhārapaccayo’’ti. Upatthambhakattañhi <a name="V1.0276"></a> satipi janakatte arūpīnaṃ āhārānaṃ āhārajarūpasamuṭṭhāpakarūpāhārassa <a name="M1.0310"></a> ca hoti, asati pana upatthambhakatte āhārānaṃ janakattaṃ natthīti upatthambhakattaṃ padhānaṃ. Janayamānopi hi āhāro avicchedavasena upatthambhayamāno eva janetīti upattambhakabhāvo eva āhārabhāvo. <span class="bld">Vedanāya phasso visesapaccayo</span>. ‘‘Phassapaccayā vedanā’’ti hi vuttaṃ. ‘‘Saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇa’’nti (udā. 1; ma. ni. 3.126) vacanato <span class="bld">viññāṇassamanosañcetanā</span>. ‘‘Cetanā tividhaṃ bhavaṃ janetī’’ti hi vuttaṃ. ‘‘Viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpa’’nti pana vacanato <span class="bld">nāmarūpassa viññāṇaṃ visesapaccayā</span>. Na hi okkantiviññāṇābhāve nāmarūpassa attasambhavo. Yathāha ‘‘viññāṇañca hi, ānanda, mātukucchismiṃ na okkamissatha, api nu kho nāmarūpaṃ mātukucchismiṃ samuccissathā’’tiādi (dī. ni. 2.115). Vuttamevatthaṃ suttena sādhetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yathāhā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ yadipi paccayaṭṭho āhāraṭṭho, visesapaccayatāya pana ime eva āhārāti vuttāti taṃ nesaṃ visesapaccayataṃ avibhāgato dassetvā idāni vibhāgato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ko panetthā’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. <span class="bld">Mukhe ṭhapitamattoyeva</span> asaṅkhādito, tattakenapi abbhantarassa āhārassa paccayo hoti eva. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘aṭṭha rūpāni samuṭṭhāpetī’’</span>ti. Sukhavedanāya hito <span class="bld">sukhavedaniyo. Sabbathāpī</span>ti cakkhusamphassādivasena. Yattakā phassassa pakārabhedā, tesaṃ vasena sabbappakāropi <span class="bld">phassāhāro</span>. Yathārahaṃ <span class="bld">tisso vedanā āharati,</span> anāhārako natthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbathāpī</span>ti idhāpi phassāhāre vuttanayānusārena attho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Tisantativasenā</span>ti kāyadasakaṃ bhāvadasakaṃ vatthudasakanti tividhasantativasena. <span class="bld">Sahajātādipaccayanayenā</span>ti sahajātādipaccayavidhinā. Paṭisandhiviññāṇañhi attanā sahajātanāmassa sahajātaaññamaññanissayavipākindriyasampayuttaatthiavigatapaccayehi paccayo hontoyeva āhārapaccayatāya taṃ āhāretī vuttaṃ, sahajātarūpesu pana vatthuno sampayuttapaccayaṃ ṭhapetvā vippayuttapaccayena, sesarūpassa aññamaññapaccayañca ṭhapetvā vuttanayenevayojanā kātabbā. <span class="bld">Tānī</span>ti napuṃsakaniddeso anapuṃsakānampi napuṃsakehi saha vacanato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sāsavā</span> <a name="M1.0311"></a> <span class="bld">kusalākusalacetanāva vuttā</span>. Visesapaccayabhāvadassanaṃ hetanti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘avisesena panā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Paṭisandhiviññāṇameva vutta</span>nti etthāpi eseva nayo. Yathā tassa tassa phalassa visesato paccayatāya etesaṃ āhāraṭṭho, evaṃ avisesatopīti dassantena <span class="bld">‘‘avisesena panā’’</span>tiādi <a name="V1.0277"></a> vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">taṃsampayuttataṃsamuṭṭhānadhammāna</span>nti tehi phassādīhi sampayuttadhammānañceva taṃsamuṭṭhānarūpadhammānañca. Tattha <span class="bld">sampayutta</span>ggahaṇaṃ yathārahato daṭṭhabbaṃ, <span class="bld">samuṭṭhāna</span>ggahaṇaṃ pana avisesato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upatthambhento āhārakiccaṃ sādhetī</span>ti upatthambhentoyeva rūpaṃ samuṭṭhāpeti, ojaṭṭhamakarūpasamuṭṭhāpaneneva panassa upatthambhanakiccasiddhi. <span class="bld">Phusantoyevā</span>ti phusanakiccaṃ karonto eva. <span class="bld">Āyūhamānāvā</span>ti cetayamānā eva abhisandahantī eva. <span class="bld">Vijānantamevā</span>ti upapattiparikappanavasena vijānantameva āhārakiccaṃ sādhetīti yojanā. Sesapadadvayepi eseva nayo. Āhārakiccasādhanañca tesaṃ vedanādiuppattihetutāya attabhāvassa pavattanameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāyaṭṭhapanenā</span>ti kasmā vuttaṃ? Nanu kammajādirūpaṃ kammādināva pavattatīti codanaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘kammajanitopī’’</span>tiādi. Upādinnarūpasantatiyā upatthambhaneneva utucittajarūpasantatīnampi upatthambhanasiddhi hotīti <span class="bld">‘‘dvinnaṃ rūpasantatīna’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. Upatthambhanameva sandhāya <span class="bld">‘‘anupālako hutvā’’</span>ti ca vuttaṃ. Rūpakāyassa ṭhitihetutā hi yāpanā anupālanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sukhādivatthubhūta</span>nti sukhādīnaṃ pavattiṭṭhānabhūtaṃ. Ārammaṇampi hi vasati ettha ārammaṇakaraṇavasena tadārammaṇā dhammāti vatthūti vuccati. <span class="bld">Phusantoyevā</span>ti idaṃ phassassa phusanasabhāvattā vuttaṃ. Na hi dhammānaṃ sabhāvena vinā pavatti atthi. Vedanāpavattiyā vinā sattānaṃ sandhāvanatā natthīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sukhādi…pe… hotī’’</span>ti, na cettha saññībhavakathāyaṃ asaññībhavo dassetabbo, tassāpi vā kāraṇabhūtavedanāpavattivaseneva ṭhitiyā hetuno abyāpitā. Tathā hi <span class="bld">‘‘manosañcetanā…pe… bhavamūlanipphādanato sattānaṃ ṭhitiyā hotī’’</span>ti vuttā, tato eva ‘‘viññāṇaṃ vijānantamevāti upapattiparikappanavasena vijānantamevā’’ti vuttovāyamatthoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cattāri</span> <a name="M1.0312"></a> <span class="bld">bhayāni daṭṭhabbāni</span> ādīnavavibhāvanato. <span class="bld">Nikantī</span>ti nikāmanā. Rasataṇhaṃ sandhāya vadati. Sā hi kabaḷīkāre āhāre balavatī. Teneva tattha avadhāraṇaṃ kataṃ. Bhāyati etasmāti <span class="bld">bhayaṃ, nikantiyevabhayaṃ</span> mahānatthahetuto. <span class="bld">Upagamanaṃ</span> visayindriyaviññāṇesu visayaviññāṇesu eva ca saṅgativasena pavatti, taṃ vedanādiuppattihetutāya <span class="bld">‘‘bhaya’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. Avadhāraṇe payojanaṃ vuttanayameva. Sesadvayepi esevanayo. <span class="bld">Āyūhanaṃ</span> abhisandahanaṃ, saṃvidhānantipi <a name="V1.0278"></a> vadanti. Taṃ bhavūpapattihetutāya <span class="bld">‘‘bhaya’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Abhinipāto</span> tattha tattha bhave paṭisandhiggahaṇavasena nibbatti. So bhavūpapattihetukānaṃ sabbesaṃ anatthānaṃ mūlakāraṇattā <span class="bld">‘‘bhaya’’</span>nti vutto. Idāni nikantiādīnaṃ sappaṭibhayataṃ vitthārato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kiṃkāraṇā’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">nikantiṃ katvā</span>ti ālayaṃ janetvā, taṇhaṃ uppādetvāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Phassa upagacchantā</span>ti cakkhusamphassādibhedaṃ phassaṃ pavattentā. <span class="bld">Phassassādino</span>ti kāyasamphassavasena phoṭṭabbasaṅkhātassa phassassa assādanasīlā. Kāyasamphassavasena hi sattānaṃ phoṭṭhabbataṇhā pavattatīti dassetuṃ phassāhārādīnavadassane phoṭṭhabbārammaṇaṃ uddhaṭaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘paresaṃ rakkhitagopitesū’’</span>tiādinā. <span class="bld">Phassassādino</span>ti vā phassāhārassādinoti attho. Sati hi phassāhāre sattānaṃ phassārammaṇe assādo, nāsatīti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘phassassādamūlaka’’</span>ntiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Jātinimittassa bhayassa abhinipātasabhāvena gahitattā <span class="bld">‘‘tammūlaka’’</span>nti vuttaṃ, kammāyūhananimittanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Abhinipatatī</span>ti abhinibbattati. Paṭhamābhinibbatti hi sattānaṃ tattha tattha aṅgārakāsusadise bhave abhinipātasadisīti. <span class="bld">Tammūlakattā</span>ti nāmarūpanibbattimūlakattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tatrā</span>ti tāsu upamāsu. <span class="bld">Bhūtamatthaṃ katvā</span>ti na parikappitamatthaṃ, atha kho bhūtaṃ bhūtapubbaṃ atthaṃ katvā. Pātheyyahatthesu gacchantesu pātheyyaṃ, gacchantaṃ viya hotīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘gantvā pātheyyaṃ niṭṭhāsī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Gantvā</span>ti vāgamanahetūti attho. Khuppipāsāturatāya ghanacchāyaṃ rukkhaṃ upagantuṃ asamatthā <span class="bld">viraḷhacchāyāyaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Na dāni sakkā taṃ mayā kātuṃ</span> <a name="M1.0313"></a> atidubbalabhāvato. Parikkhalitagatitaruṇadārako khuppipāsābhibhūto ca, tasmā <span class="bld">gacchantoyeva mato</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sajātimaṃsatāyā</span>ti (saṃ. ni. ṭī. 2.2.63) samānajātimaṃsatāya, manussamaṃsatāyāti attho. Yaṃ manussamaṃsaṃ, tañhi loke jigucchanīyattā paṭikulaṃ. Tathā hi taṃ viññūhi vajjitaṃ, manussamaṃsesupi ñātimaṃsaṃ ayuttaparibhogatāya paṭikūlaṃ, tatthāpi puttamaṃsaṃ, tatthāpi piyaputtamaṃsaṃ, tatthāpi taruṇamaṃsaṃ, tatthāpi āmakamaṃsaṃ, tatthāpi agorasābhisaṅkhataṃ, tatthāpi aloṇaṃ, tatthāpi adhūpitanti evaṃ heṭṭhimato uttaruttarassa paṭikūlatarabhāvakāraṇatā <a name="V1.0279"></a> daṭṭhabbā. <span class="bld">Puttamaṃsasadisa</span>nti paṭikūlatāupaṭṭhāpanena puttamaṃsasadisaṃ katvā passati. <span class="bld">Tattha nikantiṃ pariyādiyatī</span>ti ariyamaggena āhāre sāpekkhaṃ khepeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sā gāvī</span>ti ‘‘seyyathāpi bhikkhave gāvī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 2.63) evaṃ sutte vuttagāvī. <span class="bld">Uddāletvā</span>ti uppāṭetvā. <span class="bld">Nissāya tiṭṭhatī</span>ti paṭiccapaccayaṃ katvā pavattati. Dukkhadukkhatādivasena tiṇṇampi vedayitānaṃ dukkhabhāvaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘vedayitadukkhassā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sādhusammatāpi gati vipariṇāmasaṅkhāradukkhatāvasena kilesadukkhavasena ca mahāpariḷāhāyevāti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘mahāpariḷāhaṭṭhena tayo bhavā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Yathā upakaḍḍhakā dve purisā,</span> evaṃ kusalākusalavasena dve manosañcetanā. Yathā manosañcetanā na pavattati, tathā paṭipajjanto tattha nikantiṃ pariyādiyatīti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sattisatena hatā <span class="bld">eva</span> upamā sattisatahatūpamā, tassaṃ <span class="bld">sattisatahatūpamāyaṃ</span>. <span class="bld">Taṃ</span> sattisataṃ. <span class="bld">Assa</span> purisassa. <span class="bld">Patitokāse</span>ti purimasattīhi patitappadese. <span class="bld">Dukkhassa pamāṇaṃ natthi</span> anekassa aparāparaṃ uppajjanato. <span class="bld">Khandhajanana</span>nti khandhānaṃ aparāparuppādo, paṭhamābhinibbatti pana paṭisandhi eva. <span class="bld">Āgucārī puriso viya paṭisandhiviññāṇaṃ</span> nānappakāradukkhuppādasannissayato, tehi ca dukkhehi upagantabbato. Sampayuttadhammānaṃ pamukhabhāvena pavattiyā <span class="bld">‘‘viññāṇassa dukkhuppādo</span>ti vuttā. Tathā hi vuttaṃ ‘‘manopubbaṅgamā dhammā’’ti (dha. pa. 1, 2) yathā viññāṇaṃ āyatiṃ paṭisandhivasena na pavattati, evaṃ karaṇaṃ tattha nikantipariyādānaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pariññātaṃ</span> <a name="M1.0314"></a> <span class="bld">vatthū</span>ti dukkhasaccamāha. <span class="bld">Pañcakāmaguṇiko rāgo</span>ti pañcakāmaguṇārammaṇo rāgo. <span class="bld">Pariññāto hotī</span>ti paricchijja jānanena samatikkanto hoti. Rasataṇhāya hi sammadeva vigatāya rūpataṇhādayopi vigatāyeva honti. Tathā ca sati kāmarāgasaṃyojanaṃ samucchinnameva hoti, evaṃ karaṇaṃ tattha nikantipariyādānaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Pariññābhisamaye hi siddhe pahānābhisamayo siddho evāti. Pahīne ca kāmarāgasaṃyojane orambhāgiyasaṃyojanānaṃ lesopi nāvasissatīti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘natthi taṃ saṃyojana’’</span>ntiādi. Tena kabaḷīkārāhārapariññā anāgāmitaṃ pāpetīti dasseti. Sesāhārapariññā pana arahattaniṭṭhā evāti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘phasse bhikkhave’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">tisso taṇhā</span>ti kāmataṇhā rūpataṇhā arūpataṇhāti imā tisso taṇhā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Purimataṇhāsamudayā’’</span>ti <a name="V1.0280"></a> saṅkhepato vuttamatthaṃ vitthārato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘katha’’</span>ntiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">taṇhāpaccayanibbattā</span>ti taṇhāpaccayā nibbattā. Paṭisandhikkhaṇe purimataṇhāsamudayā āhārānaṃ samudayadassaneneva pavattikkhaṇepi upādinnakaāhārasamudayo dassito hotīti taṃ anāmasitvā anupādinnakānaṃ taṇhāsamudayaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yasmā panā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Idhā</span>ti imasmiṃ sutte <span class="bld">missitvā kathitā</span> avisesitattā. <span class="bld">Sahajātataṇhāpaccayanibbatto</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">sahajāta</span>ggahaṇaṃ asahajātataṇhāpaccayanibbattopi anupādinnakaāhāro labbhatīti dassanatthaṃ. So pana asahajātataṇhāpaccayanibbattatāsāmaññenapi yathāvuttaupādinnakāhārena saṃsayaṃ janeyyāti na uddhaṭo, na ca etaṃ kāraṇaṃ ‘‘rāgaṃ upanissāya domanassaṃ uppajjatī’’ti vacanato, taṇhopanissayapaṭighacittasamuṭṭhānāya ca ojāya vasena anupādinnakaāhārassa labbhanato. Kathaṃ pana taṇhā ojāya upanissayapaccayo; na hi <span class="bld">paṭṭhāne</span> katthaci rūpassa upanissayapaccayo vutto atthīti. Nāyaṃ virodho ‘‘yasmiṃ sati yaṃ hoti, so tassa upanissayo’’ti suttantanayassa adhippetattā yathāvuttatthasambhavato. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘imissā…pe… taṇhāya nirodhenā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāraṇe sabbaso niruddhe phalampi sabbaso nirujjhatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘āhāranirodho paññāyatī’’</span>ti. Āhārānaṃ dukkhasaccekadesattā āhāraggahaṇaṃ <a name="M1.0315"></a> dukkhasaccaggahaṇameva hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘idha cattāripi saccāni sarūpeneva vuttānī’’</span>ti. Saccadesanā dukkhādīnaṃ yāvadeva pariññeyyādibhāvasandassanatthā, tasmā jarāmaraṇādīsu pariññeyyādibhāvo asammohato sallakkhetabboti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘sabbattha asammuyhantena saccāni uddharitabbānī’’</span>ti āha.</p>
<p class="centered">Āhāravāravaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Saccavāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para91"></a><a name="para91_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">91</span>. <span class="bld">Yena yena pariyāyena byākarotī</span>ti yena yena dukkhādijarāmaraṇādipariyāyena ariyasaccāni saṅkhepato ca vitthārato ca katheti. <span class="bld">Dukkhanti dukkhasaccaṃ</span> dukkhaṃ, na dukkhamattaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Saccavāravaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Jarāmaraṇavāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para92"></a><a name="para92_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">92</span>. <span class="bld">Tesaṃ</span> <a name="V1.0281"></a> <span class="bld">tesa</span>nti byāpanicchāvasenāyaṃ niddeso kato, tasmā yathā ‘‘gāmo gāmo ramaṇīyo’’ti vutte ramaṇīyatāya tādisā sabbepi gāmā saṅgahaṃ gacchanti, evaṃ ‘‘tesaṃ tesaṃ sattānaṃ jātī’’ti vutte jātisaṅkhātavikāravasena sabbepi sattā saṅgahaṃ gacchanti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘saṅkhepato anekesaṃ sattānaṃ sādhāraṇaniddeso’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gatijātivasenā</span>ti (saṃ. ni. ṭī. 2.1.2) pañcagativasena, tatthāpi ekekāya gatiyā khattiyādibhummadevādihatthiādijātivasena ca. Nikiyyanti sattā ettha, etena vāti <span class="bld">nikāyo,</span> gottacaraṇādivibhāgo. Jarāya sabhāvo nāma vayohāni, tasmā <span class="bld">jarā</span>ti vayohānisaṅkhātassa sabhāvassa niddeso, pākaṭajarāvasena niddeso khaṇḍiccādivasena gahaṇato. Jīraṇameva <span class="bld">jīraṇatā,</span> jīrantassa vā ākāro tā-saddena vutto. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ayaṃ ākāraniddeso’’</span>ti. Dantādīnaṃ vasena khaṇḍaṃ jātaṃ etassāti <a name="M1.0316"></a> khaṇḍito, puggalo. Tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">khaṇḍiccaṃ</span>. Palitaṃ etassa atthīti palito, tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">pāliccaṃ</span>. Vali taco etassāti valittaco, tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">valittacatā</span>. <span class="bld">Ime</span> khaṇḍiccādayo jarā. <span class="bld">Vikārānaṃ dassanavasenā</span>ti vipattidassanavasena. <span class="bld">Vātassā</span>ti mahato vātakkhandhassa. <span class="bld">Khaṇḍiccādivasena gatamaggo pākaṭo,</span> tasmā khaṇḍiccādiggahaṇaṃ jarāya kiccaniddesoti vuttanti dasseti. <span class="bld">Na ca khaṇḍiccādīneva jarā</span>ti kalalakālato pabhuti purimarūpānaṃ jarāpattakkhaṇe uppajjamānāni pacchimarūpāni paripakkarūpānurūpāni pariṇatapariṇatāni uppajjantīti anukkamena supariṇatarūpānaṃ paripākakāle uppajjamānāni khaṇḍiccādisabhāvāni uppajjanti, tāni udakādimaggesu tiṇarukkhasaṃbhaggatādayo viya paripākagatamaggasaṅkhātesu paripakkarūpesu uppannāni ‘‘jarāya gato maggo’’icceva vuttāni, na jarāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pakatiyā</span>ti phalavipaccanapakatiyā, jarāya vā pāpuṇitabbaṃ phalamevapakati, tāya jarā dīpitā. <span class="bld">Suppasannānī</span>ti suṭṭhu pasannāni. Tameva suppasannataṃ kiccato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sukhumampī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tikkhavisadatā hi tesaṃ indriyānaṃ suppasannatā. <span class="bld">Āluḷitānī</span>ti ākulāni. <span class="bld">Avisadānī</span>ti abyattāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāmaṃ</span> rūpadhammesupi khaṇikajarā durupalakkhitā paṭicchannāva, sā pana yasmā santānavasena pavattiyā paribyattāva hotīti <span class="bld">‘‘pākaṭajarā’’</span>icceva vuttā. Avīci nirantarā jarā <a name="V1.0282"></a> <span class="bld">avīcijarā</span> sati santāne sattānaṃ anuppabandhato. <span class="bld">Tato aññesū</span>ti mandadasakādīsu pubbadasakādiparicchedato aññesu yathāvuttesu. <span class="bld">Antarantarā</span>ti tesu eva vuttappakāresu purimadasakādito pacchimadasakādīnaṃ antarantarā. <span class="bld">Vaṇṇavisesādīna</span>nti vaṇṇavisesasaṇṭhānavisesasamphassavisesādīnaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vacanakavasenā</span>ti ka-kārena hi padaṃ vaḍḍhetvā vuttaṃ, tasmā cavanaṃ cutīti vuttaṃ hoti. Taṃ pana ekacatupañcavokārabhavesu cutiyā avisesato gahaṇanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ekacatupañcakkhandhānaṃ sāmaññavacana’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Cavanakavasenā</span>ti vā cavanakassa puggalassa vasenāti attho. Cavanameva <span class="bld">cavanatā</span>ti āha <span class="bld">‘‘bhāvavacanenā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Lakkhaṇanidassana</span>nti vayasaṅkhātassa lakkhaṇassa nidassanaṃ. Cavantassa vā ākāro tā-saddena vutto <a name="M1.0317"></a> <span class="bld">‘‘cavanatā’’</span>ti. Bhijjanaṃ <span class="bld">bhedo</span>ti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘cutikkhandhānaṃ bhaṅguppattiparidīpana’’</span>nti. Yathā bhinnassa ghaṭassa kenaci pariyāyena ghanaghaṭabhāvena ṭhānaṃ natthi, evaṃ bhinnānaṃ khandhānanti cavanaṃ antarahitaṃ nāmāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘antaradhānanti…pe… paridīpana’’</span>nti. Yo maccūti vuccati bhedo, yañca maraṇaṃ pāṇacāgo, tadubhayaṃ ekajjhaṃ katvā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘maccu maraṇa’’</span>nti evaṃ vā ettha attho daṭṭhabbo. Kālassa antakassa kiriyāti yā loke vuccati, sā cuti, maraṇanti attho. Cavanakālo eva vā anatikkamanīyattā visesena kāloti vuttoti tassa kiriyā atthato cutikkhandhānaṃ bhedappattiyeva. ‘‘Cuti cavanatā’’tiādinā pubbe vohāramissakena niddiṭṭhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni nibbattitaparamatthanayeneva niddesoti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘paramatthena dīpetu’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. ‘‘Cavanakavasenā’’tiādinā hi puggalavasena ca vohārādhiṭṭhānā saṃvaṇṇanā katā. <span class="bld">Na kiñci</span> kaḷevaraṃ <span class="bld">nikkhipaki</span> opapātikānaṃ cutikkhandhānaṃ antaradhānamevahoti, tato paraṃ utusamuṭṭhānarūpasantati na pavattati. ‘‘Jātisamudayā’’tiādīsu yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ ‘‘taṇhāsamudayā’’tiādīsu vuttanayaneva sakkā viññātunti na vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Jarāmaraṇavāravaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Jātivāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para93"></a><a name="para93_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">93</span>. <span class="bld">Jāyanaṭṭhenā</span>tiādi āyatanavasena yonivasena ca dvīhi dvīhi padehi sabbasatte pariyādiyitvā jātiṃ dassetuṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sammohavinodaniyaṃ</span> (vibha. aṭṭha. 191) pana ‘‘jāyamānakavasena <a name="V1.0283"></a> <span class="bld">jāti,</span> sañjāyanavasena sañjātī’’ti vuttattā tattha ekekeneva padena sabbasatte pariyādiyitvā jātiṃ dassetīti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Sampuṇṇā jāti <span class="bld">sañjātī</span>ti katvā <span class="bld">‘‘sā paripuṇṇāyatanavasena yuttā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Eteneva kevalaṃ jātisaddena vuttāya jātiyā aparipuṇṇāyatanatā daṭṭhabbā. Abhibyattā nibbatti <span class="bld">abhinibbatti,</span> pākaṭā nibbattīti attho. ‘‘Tesaṃ tesaṃ sattānaṃ…pe… abhinibbattī’’ti sattavasena pavattattā <span class="bld">vohāradesanā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tatra</span> <a name="M1.0318"></a> <span class="bld">tatrā</span>ti ettha catuvokārabhave dvinnaṃ, ekavokārabhave dvinnaṃ, sesarūpadhātuyaṃ paṭisandhikkhaṇe uppajjamānānaṃ pañcannaṃ, kāmadhātuyaṃ vikalāvikalindriyavasena sattannaṃ navannaṃ dasannaṃ, puna dasannaṃ, ekādasannañca āyatanānaṃ vasena saṅgaho veditabbo. Yadipi cutikkhandhā anantarānaṃ paṭisandhikadhammānaṃ anantarādinā paccayā honti, ye pana samudayā ajanakā, te ettha upapattibhavoti adhippetā. Janako eva bhavoti adhippetoti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘jātiyā paccayabhūto kammabhavo veditabbo’’</span>ti āha.</p>
<p class="centered">Jātivāravaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Bhavavāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para94"></a><a name="para94_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">94</span>. Bhāvanabhavanaṭṭhena bhavo duvidho. Tattha kammabhavo ‘‘bhavati etasmā upapattibhavo’’ti bhāvanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">bhavo. Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> pana upapattibhavaṃ ‘‘bhavatīti bhavo’’ti vatvā tassa kāraṇattā kammaṃ phalūpacārena bhavoti ayamattho vutto, ubhayatthāpi upapattibhavahetubhāvanettha kammassa kammabhavapariyāyoti dassitaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Sabbathāpī</span>ti bhāvanabhavanakusalākusalaupapattisampattibhavahīnapaṇītādinā sabbappakārenapi. <span class="bld">Kāmabhavoti vuttaṃ</span> kāmataṇhāhetukato kāmataṇhāya ārammaṇabhāvato ca. Rūpabhavūpagakammaṃ rūpabhavo, tathā arūpabhavūpagakammaṃ arūpabhavo, taṃtaṃnibbattakkhandhā rūpārūpupattibhavā, rūpārūpabhavabhāvo pana tesaṃ ‘‘kāmabhavo’’ti ettha vuttanayeneva veditabbo.</p>
<p class="centered">Bhavavāravaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Upādānavāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para95"></a><a name="para95_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">95</span>. <span class="bld">Upādāna</span>nti <a name="V1.0284"></a> catubbidhampi upādānaṃ. Yathā hi kāmassādavasena, bhavassādavasena vā taṃtaṃsugatibhavūpagaṃ kammaṃ karontassa kāmupādānaṃ, evaṃ ucchedādimicchābhinivesavasenāti cattāripi upādānāni yathārahaṃ tassa tassa kusalakammabhavassa upanissayavaseneva paccayā honti, akusalakammabhavassa asahajātassa anantarassa upanissayavasenapi ārammaṇavasenapi<a name="M1.0319"></a>. Sahajātassa kāmupādānaṃ sahajāta-aññamañña-nissaya-sampayutta-atthi-avigata-hetu-vasena sattadhā, sesaupādānāni tattha hetupaccayabhāvaṃ pahāya maggapaccayaṃ pakkhipitvā sattadhāva paccayā honti. Anantarassa pana anantarasamanantaraanantarūpanissayanatthivigatāsevanavasena paccayā honti. Tassidampi <span class="bld">sahajātādī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena saṅgahitanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Vatthukāmaṃ upādiyati</span> cittaṃ, puggalo vā <span class="bld">etenā</span>ti attho. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti vatthukāmaṃ. Kāmetīti kāmo ca so upādiyatīti upādānañcāti yojanā. <span class="bld">Vuttanayenā</span>ti <span class="bld">abhidhamme</span> vuttanayena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sassato attā</span>ti idaṃ purimadiṭṭhiṃ upādiyamānaṃ uttaradiṭṭhiṃ nidassetuṃ vuttaṃ. Yathā esā diṭṭhi daḷhīkaraṇavasena purimaṃ purimaṃ uttarā uttarā upādiyati, evaṃ ‘‘natthi dinna’’ntiādikāpīti. <span class="bld">Atta</span>ggahaṇaṃ pana attavādupādānanti nayidaṃ diṭṭhupādānadassananti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Loko cā</span>ti attaggahaṇavinimuttagahaṇaṃ diṭṭhupādānabhūtaṃ idha purimadiṭṭhiuttaradiṭṭhivacanehi vuttanti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbadiṭṭhigatassa</span> ‘‘diṭṭhupādāna’’nti <span class="bld">etaṃ adhivacanaṃ</span> ‘‘sabbāpi diṭṭhi diṭṭhupādāna’’nti vacanato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sīlabbataṃ upādiyantī</span>ti sīlabbataṃ ‘‘suddhimaggo’’ti upādiyanti. <span class="bld">Etena</span> micchābhinivesena. <span class="bld">Sayaṃ vā taṃ</span> micchābhinivesasahagataṃ. Sīlabbatasahacaraṇato <span class="bld">sīlabbatañca taṃ</span> daḷhaggāhabhāvato <span class="bld">upādānañcāti sīlabbatupādānaṃ</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ suddhīti abhinivesato</span>ti evaṃ gosīlagovatādicaraṇena saṃsārasuddhīti abhinivesabhāvato. Etena taṃ sahacaraṇato abhinivesassa taṃsaddārahataṃ dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vadantī</span>ti ‘‘atthi me attā’’tiādinā voharanti. <span class="bld">Etena</span> diṭṭhigatena. <span class="bld">Attavādamattamevā</span>ti attāti vācāmattameva. Etena vācāvatthumattametaṃ, yadidaṃ bāhirakaparikappito attāti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Taṇhā</span> <a name="V1.0285"></a> <span class="bld">kāmupādānassā</span>ti ettha ‘‘tattha katamaṃ kāmupādānaṃ? Yo kāmesu kāmacchando kāmarāgo kāmanandī kāmataṇhā kāmasneho kāmapariḷāho kāmamucchā kāmajjhosānaṃ. Idaṃ vuccati kāmupādāna’’nti vacanato taṇhādaḷhattaṃ kāmupādānaṃ. <span class="bld">Taṇhādaḷhatta</span>nti ca purimataṇhāupanissayapaccayato daḷhabhūtā uttarataṇhā eva. Keci panāhu –</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Appattavisayapatthanā <a name="M1.0320"></a> taṇhā andhakāre corassahatthappasāraṇaṃ viya, sampattavisayaggahaṇaṃ upādānaṃ tasseva bhaṇḍaggahaṇaṃ viyā’’ti. Appicchasantuṭṭhipaṭipakkhā ete dhammā pariyesanārakkhadukkhamūlāni, tasmā vuttalakkhaṇā taṇhā vuttalakkhaṇasseva upādānassa anānantarassa upanissayavasena paccayo, ārammaṇādivasenapi paccayo hotiyeva, anantarādīnaṃ pana anantarādivasena paccayo. Sabbassapi hi lobhassa taṇhāpariyāyopi kāmupādānapariyāyopi labbhatevāti. <span class="bld">Avasesāna</span>nti diṭṭhupādānādīnaṃ. <span class="bld">Sahajātādivasenā</span>ti sahajātānaṃ sahajātādivasena, asahajātānaṃ anantaraupanissayādivasenāti sabbaṃ heṭṭhā vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Upādānavāravaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Taṇhāvāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para96"></a><a name="para96_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">96</span>. ‘‘Cakkhusamphasso’’tiādi phassassa mātito nāmaṃ viya puttassa vatthuto tassa nissayabhāvena uppattihetuttā, ārammaṇaṃ pana kevalaṃ uppattihetūti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘seṭṭhi…pe… nāma’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Kāmarāgabhāvenā</span>ti vatthukāmassa rajjanavasena. <span class="bld">Rūpaṃ assādentī</span>ti rupārammaṇaṃ taṇhābhinandanāvasena abhiramamānā eva assādentī. <span class="bld">Nicca</span>ntiādinā diṭṭhābhinandanāmukhena rūpaṃ abhiramantī. <span class="bld">Pecca na bhavissatī</span>ti bhijjitvā na hoti puna anuppajjanato. <span class="bld">Tathā saddakaṇhādayopī</span>ti yathā rūpataṇhā kāmarāgabhāvena sassatarāgavasena ucchedarāgavasenāti ca pavattiyā tisso taṇhā, tathā saddataṇhā gandharasaphoṭṭhabbadhammataṇhāpi. <span class="bld">Taṇhāvicaritānī</span>ti taṇhāsamudācārā, samudācāravasena pavattataṇhāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ajjhattikassupādāyā</span>ti (vibha. aṭṭha. 973; saṃ. ni. ṭī. 2.2.2) ajjhattikaṃ khandhapañcakaṃ upādāya. Upayogatthe hi idaṃ sāmivacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Asmīti hotī</span>ti yadetaṃ ajjhattaṃ khandhapañcakaṃ <a name="V1.0286"></a> upādāya taṇhāmānadiṭṭhivasena samūhagāhato asmīti evaṃ hoti, tasmiṃ satīti attho. <span class="bld">Itthasmīti hotī</span>ti khattiyādīsu ‘‘idaṃpakāro aha’’nti evaṃ <a name="M1.0321"></a> taṇhāmānadiṭṭhivasena hotīti idamettha anupanidhāya gahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Evamādinā</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena ‘‘evaṃsmīti, aññathāsmīti, bhavissanti, itthaṃ bhavissanti, evaṃ bhavissanti, aññathā bhavissanti, asasmīti, satasmīti, siyanti, itthaṃ siyanti, evaṃ siyanti, aññathā siyanti, apāhaṃ siyanti, apāhaṃ itthaṃ siyanti, apāhaṃ evaṃ siyanti, apāhaṃ aññathā siya’’nti (vibha. 973) imesaṃ taṇhāvicaritānaṃ gahaṇaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">evaṃsmī</span>ti idaṃ samato upanidhāya gahaṇaṃ, yathā ayaṃ khattiyo, yathā ayaṃ brāhmaṇo, evaṃ ahampīti attho. <span class="bld">Aññathāsmī</span>ti idaṃ asamaṇo upanidhāya gahaṇaṃ, yathā ayaṃ khattiyo, yathā ayaṃ brāhmaṇo, tato aññathā ahaṃ hīno vā adhiko vāti attho. Iti imāni pubbe vuttāni dveti etāni paccuppannavasena cattāri taṇhāvicaritāni. <span class="bld">Bhavissa</span>ntiādīni pana cattāri anāgatavasena vuttāni. Tesaṃ purimacatukke vuttanayeneva attho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Asasmī</span>ti asatīti asaṃ. Niccassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ, tasmā sassato asmīti attho. <span class="bld">Satasmī</span>ti sīdatīti sataṃ. Aniccassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ, tasmā asassato asmīti attho. Iti imāni dve sassatucchedavasena vuttāni. Ito parāni <span class="bld">siya</span>ntiādīni cattāri saṃsayaparivitakkavasena vuttāni, tāni purimacatukke vuttanayena atthato veditabbāni. <span class="bld">Apāhaṃ siya</span>ntiādīni cattāri ‘‘api nāmāhaṃ bhaveyya’’nti evaṃ patthanākappanavasena vuttāni, tāni purimacatukke vuttanayeneva veditabbāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca sassatucchedavasena vuttā dve diṭṭhisīsā nāma, asmi, bhavissaṃ, siyaṃ, apāhaṃ siyanti ete pana cattāro suddhasīsā eva, ‘‘itthasmī’’tiādayo tayo tayoti dvādasa sīsamūlakā nāma. Evametāni dve diṭṭhisīsā, cattāro suddhasīsā, dvādasa sīsamūlakāti ajjhattikassupādāya aṭṭhārassa taṇhāvicaritāni veditabbāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bāhirassupādāyā</span>ti bāhiraṃ khandhapañcakaṃ upādāya. Idampi hi upayogatthe sāmivacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Iminā</span>ti iminā rupena vā…pe… viññāṇena vāti evaṃ rūpādīsu ekameva ‘‘aha’’nti, itaraṃ kiñcanapalibodhabhāvena gahetvā taṇhādivasena ‘‘asmī’’ti abhinivisati, ‘‘iminā’’ti ayamettha viseso. <span class="bld">Asmī</span>ti iminā khaggena vā chattena vā abhisekena vā ‘‘khattiyohamasmī’’ti <a name="M1.0322"></a> abhinivisati. <span class="bld">Bāhirarūpādinissitānī</span>ti bāhirāni parasantatipariyāpannāni rūpavedanādīni nissitāni. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhārasā</span>ti iminā ‘‘asmī’’tiādinayappavattāni aṭṭhārasa, tāni pubbe vuttanayeneva veditabbāni. ‘‘Iminā’’ti hi <a name="V1.0287"></a> ayamevettha viseso, tasmā ‘‘dve diṭṭhisīsā’’tiādinā vuttanayeneva niddhāretvā veditabbā. Ubhayaṃ pana ekajjhaṃ katvā āha <span class="bld">‘‘chattiṃsā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Niddesatthenā</span>ti ‘‘chayime āvuso taṇhākāyā’’tiādiniddesapāḷiyā atthavacanena. <span class="bld">Niddesavitthārā</span>ti tassa ca niddesassa aṭṭhasatataṇhāvicaritavasena vitthārena. <span class="bld">Vitthārassa ca puna saṅgahato</span>ti dvīhi ākārehi vitthāritassa aṭṭhārasataṇhāvicaritapabhedassa chaḷeva tissoyevāti ca puna saṅgahaṇato ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vipākavedanā adhippetā</span> visesato attānaṃ assādetabbato. Tameva hissā assādetabbataṃ pakāsetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘katha’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Assādanenā</span>ti abhiratiyā. <span class="bld">Mamāyantā</span>ti dhanāyantā. <span class="bld">Cittakārādīna</span>nti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena iṭṭhavaṇṇārammaṇadāyakānaṃ saṅgaho. <span class="bld">Sippasandassanakādīna</span>nti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena vejjādīnaṃ saṅgaho. Vejjā hi rasāyatanojāvasena tadupatthambhitavasena ca dhammārammaṇassa dāyakā. Svāyaṃ <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddo ‘‘vīṇāvādakādī’’tiādinā paccekañca yojetabbo, <span class="bld">puttaṃ mamāyantā</span>ti puttaṃ sampiyāyantā. Putto viya cettha vedanā daṭṭhabbā, sappāyasappikhīrādīni viya vedanāya paccayabhūtāni iṭṭharūpādiārammaṇāni, dhāti viya rūpādichaḷārammaṇadāyakā cittakārādayo daṭṭhabbā.</p>
<p class="centered">Taṇhāvāravaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Vedanāvāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para97"></a><a name="para97_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">97</span>. Cakkhusamphassajā eva vedanā atītādibhedabhinnā rāsivasena ekajjhaṃ gahetvā eko vedanākāyo yathā vedanākkhandho, evaṃ sotasamphassajādikāti pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘chayime āvuso vedanākāyā’’ti vuttanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vedanākāyāti vedanāsamūhā’’</span>ti. Cakkhusamphassato jātā <span class="bld">cakkhusamphassajā vedanā</span>. Sā pana upādinnāpi anupādinnāpi, tadubhayassapi saṅgaṇhantena atthavaṇṇanāya katattā āha <span class="bld">‘‘ayaṃ tāvettha sabbasaṅgāhikakathā’’</span>ti. Idāni ‘‘vipākavidhi aya’’nti upādinnayeva <a name="M1.0323"></a> gaṇhanto <span class="bld">‘‘vipākavasenā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Manodvāre manoviññāṇadhātusampayuttā</span>ti tadārammaṇamanoviññāṇadhātusampayuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Avasesāna</span>nti <a name="V1.0288"></a> sampaṭicchanādivedanānaṃ. <span class="bld">Upanissayādī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena anantarādīnaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. Anantarānañhi anantarādivasena, itaresaṃ upanissayavasena phasso paccayo hoti, manodvāre pana tadārammaṇavedanānaṃ manosamphasso upanissayavasena paccayo. <span class="bld">Advārikāna</span>nti dvārarahitānaṃ. Na hi paṭisandhiādivedanānaṃ kiñci dvāraṃ atthi. <span class="bld">Sahajātamanosamphassasamudayā</span>ti etenassa tāsaṃ sahajātakoṭiyā paccayabhāvamāha.</p>
<p class="centered">Vedanāvāravaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Phassavāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para98"></a><a name="para98_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">98</span>. Cakkhuṃ nissāya uppanno samphasso <span class="bld">cakkhusamphasso</span>. <span class="bld">Pañcavatthukā</span>ti cakkhādipañcavatthukā cakkhādipañcavatthusannissayā. ‘‘Upādinnakakathā esā’’ti <span class="bld">bāvīsati</span>ggahaṇaṃ, pavattikathābhāvato <span class="bld">lokiya</span>ggahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Vipākamanasampayuttaphassā</span>ti vipākamanoviññāṇasampayuttā phassā. Paccayuppannena viya paccayenapi upādinnakeneva bhavitabbanti <span class="bld">‘‘channaṃ cakkhādīnaṃ āyatanāna’’</span>nti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Phassavāravaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Saḷāyatanavāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para99"></a><a name="para99_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">99</span>. Nidassanamattañcetaṃ, tasmā yathā ettha arūpalokāpekkhāya chaṭṭhāyatanañca saḷāyatanañca saḷāyatananti ekaseso icchitabbo, evaṃ yesaṃ paccayuppanno upādinno, paccayo pana anupādinnotipi icchitabbo. Tesaṃ matena bāhirāyatanavasenapi ekaseso veditabbo ‘‘chaṭṭhāyatanañca saḷāyatanañca saḷāyatanañca saḷāyatana’’nti. Visuddhimaggopi imassa āgamassa <a name="M1.0324"></a> atthasaṃvaṇṇanāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘visuddhimagge…pe… vuttanayamevā’’</span>ti. Esa nayo aññatthāpi visuddhimaggaggahaṇe.</p>
<p class="centered">Saḷāyatanavāravaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Nāmarūpavāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para100"></a><a name="para100_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">100</span>. <span class="bld">Namanalakkhaṇa</span>nti <a name="V1.0289"></a> ārammaṇābhimukhaṃ namanasabhāvaṃ tena vinā apavattanato. <span class="bld">Ruppanaṃ</span> sītādivirodhipaccayasannipāte visadisuppatti. Ime pana <span class="bld">tayo</span>tiādinā sabbacittuppādasādhāraṇavaseneva taṃsaṅkhārakkhandhaggahaṇaṃ, tasmā ye yattha asādhāraṇā, tepi atthato gahitāyevāti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upādiyitvā</span>ti paccaye katvā. Paccayakaraṇameva hi paccayuppannassa paccayabhūtadhammānaṃ upādiyanaṃ. Samūhasambandhe sāmivacanaṃ etanti <span class="bld">‘‘samūhatthe etaṃ sāmivacana’’</span>nti vuttaṃ tena vinā sambandhassa abhāvato. <span class="bld">Tenā</span>ti tasmā. <span class="bld">Taṃ sabbampī</span>ti taṃ bhūtupādāyapabhedaṃ sabbampi sattavīsatividhaṃ. <span class="bld">Yassa nāmassā</span>ti catuvokārabhave nāmassa. <span class="bld">Viññāṇa</span>mpi tappariyāpannameva veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Rūpassā</span>ti ekavokārabhave rūpassa. <span class="bld">Viññāṇaṃ</span> pana pañcavokārabhave saṅkhāraviññāṇameva. <span class="bld">Yassa</span> pañcavokārabhave nāmarūpassa. <span class="bld">Tassa vasenā</span>ti sahajātassa sahajātādivasena, anantarassa anantarādivasena, itarassa upanissayādivasena tassa nāmassa yathārahaṃ tassa tassa viññāṇassa paccayabhāvo veditabbo.</p>
<p class="centered">Nāmarūpavāravaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Viññāṇavāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para101"></a><a name="para101_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">101</span>. <span class="bld">Tebhūmakavipāka</span>ggahaṇe kāraṇaṃ heṭṭhā vuttameva. <span class="bld">Saṅkhāro yassa viññāṇassā</span>ti ettha aṭṭhavidhopi kāmāvacarapuññābhisaṅkhāro soḷasavidhassa kāmāvacaravipākaviññāṇassa, pañcavidhopi rūpāvacarapuññābhisaṅkhāro pañcavidhassa rūpāvacaravipākaviññāṇassa, dvādasavidhopi apuññābhisaṅkhāro sattavidhassa akusalavipākaviññāṇassa, catubbidhopi āneñjābhisaṅkāro <a name="M1.0325"></a> catubbidhassa arūpāvacaravipākaviññāṇassa yathārahaṃ paṭisandhipavattīsu kammapaccayena ceva upanissayapaccayena ca paccayo hoti. Ayamettha saṅkhepo, vitthāro pana <span class="bld">visuddhimagge</span> (visuddhi. 2.620) vuttanayena veditabbo.</p>
<p class="centered">Viññāṇavāravaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Saṅkhāravāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para102"></a><a name="para102_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">102</span>. <span class="bld">Abhisaṅkharaṇalakkhaṇo</span>ti <a name="V1.0290"></a> abhisañcetayitasabhāvo, āyūhanalakkhaṇoti attho. <span class="bld">Copanavasenā</span>ti kāyaviññattisaṅkhātacopanavasena. Tena pañcadvārikacetanā paṭikkhipati. <span class="bld">Vacanabhedavasenā</span>ti vācānicchāraṇavasena. Vacīviññattisamuṭṭhāpanavasenāti attho. Yathāvuttā vīsati, nava mahaggatakusalacetanā cāti <span class="bld">ekūnatiṃsa manosañcetanā</span>. <span class="bld">‘‘Kusalānaṃ upanissayavasenā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ, ekaccānaṃ ārammaṇavasenapīti vattabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Sahajātādivasenā</span>ti sahajāta-aññamañña-nissaya-sampayutta-atthi-avigatahetuvasena, anantarānaṃ anantarasamanantaraanantarūpanissayanatthivigatāsevanasena paccayo. <span class="bld">Api</span>-saddena upanissayaṃ saṅgaṇhāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Saṅkhāravāravaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Avijjāvāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para103"></a><a name="para103_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">103</span>. <span class="bld">‘‘Dukkhasacceaññāṇa’’</span>nti saṅkhepato vuttamatthaṃ vivarituṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tatthā’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti aññāṇaṃ. Satipi pahātabbatte pariññeyyattavasena <span class="bld">antogadhaṃ</span>. <span class="bld">Dukkhasaccañcassā</span>ti vatthusaṅkhātaṃ sampayuttakhandhasaṅkhātañca dukkhasaccaṃ assa aññāṇassa. Taṃ hissa nissayapaccayo hoti. <span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti dukkhasaccassa. <span class="bld">Yāthāvalakkhaṇapaṭivedhanivāraṇenā</span>ti saṅkhataaviparītasabhāvapaṭivijjhanassa nivāraṇena. Etenassa pariññābhisamayasaṅkhātassa ariyamaggapaṭivedhassa vibandhakabhāvamāha. <span class="bld">Ñāṇappavattiyā</span>ti ‘‘idaṃ dukkhaṃ, ettakaṃ dukkha’’nti <a name="M1.0326"></a> anubujjhanākārāya pubbabhāgañāṇappavattiyā. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti dukkhasacce. <span class="bld">Appadānenā</span>ti avissajjanena. Etenassā anubodhañāṇassapi vibandhakatamāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tīhi kāraṇehi veditabbaṃ</span> antogadhābhāvato. Idha sampayuttakhandhavaseneva vatthuto samudaye aññāṇaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Ekenevā</span>ti itaraṃ kāraṇattayaṃ paṭikkhipati. Yadipi aññāṇaṃ nirodhamagge ārammaṇaṃ na karoti, kuto tadantogadhatabbatthutā, te pana jānitukāmassa tappaṭicchādanavasena anirodhamaggesu nirodhamaggaggāhahetutāvasena ca pavattamānaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘nirodhe paṭipadāyañca aññāṇa’’</span>nti vuccati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘paṭicchādanato’’</span>tiādi. Tassattho vuttoyeva. <span class="bld">Gambhīrattā</span>ti sabhāveneva gambhīrattā. Agādhaapatiṭṭhābhāvena taṃvisayassa ñāṇassa uppādetuṃ asakkuṇeyyattā <span class="bld">duddasaṃ. Purimaṃ</span> <a name="V1.0291"></a> <span class="bld">pana</span> saccadvayaṃ. <span class="bld">Vañcanīyaṭṭhenā</span>ti vañcakabhāvena ayāthāvabhāvena upaṭṭhānato <span class="bld">duddasattā gambhīraṃ,</span> na sabhāvato, tasmā taṃvisayaṃ aññāṇaṃ uppajjati. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti tasmiṃ purimasaccadvaye aniccādisabhāvalakkhaṇassa duddasattā eva niccādivipallāsavasena pavattati aññāṇanti ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni niddesavibhāgenapi avijjāya saccesu pavattivibhāgaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘apicā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">dukkhe</span>ti ettakena bhummaniddesena. <span class="bld">Saṅgahato</span>ti pariññeyyatāya dukkhena saṅgahetabbato. Tena niddhāraṇatthaṃ dasseti. Dukkhasmiñhi avijjā niddhārīyati, na aññasmiṃ. <span class="bld">Vatthuto</span>ti ādhāratthaṃ. Dukkhasannissayā hi avijjā. <span class="bld">Ārammaṇato</span>ti visayatthaṃ taṃ ārabbha pavattanato. <span class="bld">Kiccato</span>ti byāpanatthaṃ chādanavasena taṃ byāpetvā pavattanato. Iminā nayena sesesupi attho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Avisesato</span>ti visesābhāvato, vuttanayena dukkhādīsu pavattiākāravisesaṃ aggahetvāti attho. <span class="bld">Sabhāvato</span>ti sarasalakkhaṇato. Catunnampi saccānaṃ ajānanasabhāvā hi avijjā. Kāmarāgabhavarāgā kāmāsavabhavāsavāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sahajātādivasenā’’</span>ti. Nanu avijjā eva avijjāsavo, so kathaṃ avijjāya paccayoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pubbuppannā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="centered">Avijjāvāravaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Āsavavāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para104"></a><a name="para104_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">104</span>. <span class="bld">Āsavavāre</span> <a name="M1.0327"></a> āsava-saddattho āsavavicāro ca heṭṭhā vuttoyeva. Kasmā panāyaṃ vāro vutto, nanu avijjādikāva paṭiccasamuppādadesanāti codanaṃ sandhāya <span class="bld">‘‘ayaṃ vāro’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭiccasamuppādapadesū</span>ti paṭiccasamuppādakoṭṭhāsesu. Dvādasakoṭṭhāsā hi satthu paṭiccasamuppādadesanā. <span class="bld">Tassāpi paccayadassanavasenā</span>ti nāyaṃ kāpilānaṃ mūlapakati viya appaccayā, atha kho sappaccayāti avijjāyapi paccayadassanavasena. <span class="bld">Āsavasamudayenā</span>ti atītabhave āsavānaṃ samudayena etarahi avijjāya samudayo, etarahi avijjāya samudayena anāgate āsavasamudayoti evaṃ āsavāvijjānaṃ paccayapaccayuppannakabhāvena aparāparaṃ pavattamānaṃ ādikoṭiabhāveneva tannimittassa saṃsārassa ādikoṭiabhāvato anamataggatāsiddhi veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dvattiṃsa</span> <a name="V1.0292"></a> <span class="bld">ṭhānānī</span>ti dvattiṃsa saccappaṭivedhakāraṇāni, dvattiṃsa vā catusaccakammaṭṭhānāni. <span class="bld">Imamhā sammādiṭṭhisuttā</span>ti yāya ariyasāvako sammādiṭṭhi nāma hoti, sā ariyā sammādiṭṭhi ettha vuttāti sammādiṭṭhisuttaṃ, ito sammādiṭṭhisuttato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Catusaccapariyāyehī</span>ti catusaccādhigamakāraṇehi. <span class="bld">Arahattapariyāyehī</span>ti ‘‘so sabbaso rāgānusayaṃ pahāyā’’tiādinā arahattādhigamakāraṇehi. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘catusaṭṭhiyā kāraṇehī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="centered">Āsavavāravaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Sammādiṭṭhisuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.</p>
<p class="subhead">10. Satipaṭṭhānasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para105"></a><a name="para105_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">105</span>. <span class="bld">Jānapadino</span>ti <a name="V1.0293"></a> (dī. ni. ṭī. 2.95) janapadavanto, janapadassa vā issarā <span class="bld">rājakumārā</span>. Gottavasena <span class="bld">kurū</span> nāma. Tesaṃ nivāso yadi eko janapado, kathaṃ bahuvacananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ruḷhīsaddenā’’</span>ti. Akkharacintakā hi īdisesu ṭhānesu yutte viya saliṅgavacanāni (pāṇini 1.251) icchanti, ayamettha ruḷhī yathā <a name="M1.0328"></a> aññatthāpi ‘‘aṅgesu viharati, mallesu viharatī’’ti ca. Tabbisesane pana janapada-sadde jāti-sadde ekavacanameva. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhakathācariyā panā</span>ti <span class="bld">pana</span>-saddo visesatthajotano. Tena puthuatthavisayatāya evaṃ taṃ bahuvacananti ‘‘bahuke panā’’tiādinā vakkhamānaṃ visesaṃ dīpeti. <span class="bld">Sutvā</span>ti mandhātumahārājassa ānubhāvadassanānusārena paramparāgataṃ kathaṃ sutvā. <span class="bld">Anusaṃyāyantenā</span>ti anuvicarantena. <span class="bld">Etesaṃ ṭhānanti</span> candimasūriyamukhena cātumahārājikabhavanamāha. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tattha agamāsī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Soti</span> mandhātumahārājā. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti cātumahārājikarajjaṃ. <span class="bld">Gahetvā</span>ti sampaṭicchitvā. <span class="bld">Puna pucchi</span> pariṇāyakaratanaṃ. <span class="bld">Dovārikabhūmiyaṃ tiṭṭhanti</span> sudhammāya devasabhāya devapurassa ca catūsu dvāresu ārakkhāya adhikatattā. <span class="bld">Dibbarukkhasahassapaṭimaṇḍita</span>nti idaṃ ‘‘cittalatāvana’’ntiādīsupi yojetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pathaviyaṃ patiṭṭhāsī</span>ti bhassitvā pathaviyā āsanne ṭhāne aṭṭhāsi, ṭhatvā ca nacirasseva antaradhāyi tenattabhāvena rañño cakkavattissariyassa abhāvato. ‘‘Cirataraṃ kālaṃ ṭhatvā’’ti apare. <span class="bld">Devabhāvo pāturahosi</span> devaloke pavattivipākadāyino aparāpariyāyavedanīyassa kammassa katokāsattā. Avayave siddho viseso samudāyassa visesako hotīti <span class="bld">ekampi raṭṭhaṃ bahuvacanena voharīyati</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Da-kārena atthaṃ vaṇṇaya</span>nti niruttinayena. <span class="bld">Kammāso</span>ti kammāsapādo vuccati uttarapadalopena yathā ‘‘rūpabhavo rūpa’’nti. Kathaṃ pana so kammāsapādoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tassa kirā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Damito</span>ti ettha kīdisaṃ damanaṃ adhippetanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘porisādabhāvato paṭisedhito’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ime pana therā</span>ti majjhimabhāṇake vadati, te pana cūḷakammāsadammaṃ sandhāya tathā vadanti. Yakkhiniputto hi kammāsapādo alīnasattukumārakāle bodhisattena tattha damito, sutasomakāle <a name="V1.0294"></a> pana bārāṇasirājā porisādabhāvapaṭisedhanena yattha damito, taṃ mahākammāsadammaṃ nāma. <span class="bld">Putto</span>ti vatvā <span class="bld">atrajo</span>ti vacanaṃ orasaputtabhāvadassanatthaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yehi āvasitapadeso kururaṭṭhanti nāmaṃ labhi, te uttarakuruto āgatā manussā tattha rakkhitaniyāmeneva pañca sīlāni rakkhiṃsu, tesaṃ diṭṭhānugatiyā <a name="M1.0329"></a> pacchimā janatāti, so desadhammavasena avicchedato vattamāno <span class="bld">kuruvattadhammo</span>ti paññāyittha, ayañca attho <span class="bld">kurudhammajātakena</span> (jā. 1.3.76-78) dīpetabbo. So aparabhāge yattha paṭhamaṃ saṃkiliṭṭho jāto, taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kururaṭṭhavāsīna’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Yattha bhagavato vasanokāso koci vihāro na hoti, tattha kevalaṃ gocaragāmakittanaṃ nidānakathāya pakati, yathā taṃsakkesu viharati devadahaṃ nāma sakkānaṃ nigamoti imamatthaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘avasanokāsato’’</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="subhead">Uddesavārakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para106"></a><a name="para106_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">106</span>. <span class="bld">Kasmā bhagavā imaṃ suttamabhāsī</span>ti asādhāraṇasamuṭṭhānaṃ pucchati, sādhāraṇaṃ pana pākaṭanti anāmaṭṭhaṃ, tena suttanikkhepo pucchitoti katvā itaro <span class="bld">‘‘kururaṭṭhavāsīna’’</span>ntiādinā aparajjhāsayoyaṃ suttanikkhepoti dasseti. Etena bāhirasamuṭṭhānaṃ vibhāvitanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Ajjhattikaṃ pana asādhāraṇañca <span class="bld">mūlapariyāyasuttādiṭīkāyaṃ</span> vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ. Kururaṭṭhaṃ kira (dī. ni. ṭī. 2.373) tadā tannivāsīnaṃ sattānaṃ yebhuyyena yonisomanasikāravantatāya pubbe ca katapuññatābalena utuādisampannameva ahosi. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘utupaccayādisampannattā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena bhojanādisampattiṃ saṅgaṇhāti. Keci pana ‘‘pubbe kuruvattadhammānuṭṭhānavāsanāya uttarakuru viya yebhuyyena utuādisampannameva hontaṃ bhagavato kāle sātisayaṃ utusappāyādiyuttaṃ taṃ raṭṭhaṃ ahosī’’ti vadanti. <span class="bld">Cittasarīrakallatāyā</span>ti cittassa sarīrassa ca arogatāya. <span class="bld">Anuggahitapaññābalā</span>ti laddhupakārañāṇānubhāvā, anu anu vā āciṇṇapaññātejā. <span class="bld">Ekavīsatiyā ṭhānesū</span>ti kāyānupassanāvasena cuddasasuṭhānesu, vedanānupassanāvasena ekasmiṃ ṭhāne, tathā cittānupassanāvasena, dhammānupassanāvasena pañcasu ṭhānesūti evaṃ ekavīsatiyā ṭhānesu. <span class="bld">Kammaṭṭhānaṃ arahatte pakkhipitvā</span>ti catusaccakammaṭṭhānaṃ yathā arahattaṃ pāpeti, evaṃ desanāvasena arahatte pakkhipitvā. Suvaṇṇacaṅkoṭakasuvaṇṇamañjūsāsu pakkhittāni sumanacampakādinānāpupphāni maṇiputtādisattaratanāni ca yathā bhājanasampattiyā savisesaṃ sobhanti, kiccakarāni <a name="M1.0330"></a> ca honti manuññābhāvato, evaṃ sīladassanādisampattiyā bhājanavisesabhūtāya kururaṭṭhavāsiparisāya desitā <a name="V1.0295"></a> ca bhagavato ayaṃ desanā bhiyyosomattāya sobhati, kiccakārī ca hotīti imamatthaṃ dasseti <span class="bld">‘‘yathā hi puriso’’</span>tiādinā. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti kururaṭṭhe.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pakatiyā</span>ti sarasato, imissā satipaṭṭhānasuttadesanāya pubbepīti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Anuyuttā viharanti</span> satthu desanānusāratoti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Vissaṭṭhaattabhāvanā</span>ti aniccādivasena kismiñci yonisomanasikāre cittaṃ aniyojetvā rūpādiārammaṇe abhirativasena vissaṭṭhacittena <span class="bld">bhavituṃ na vaṭṭati,</span> pamādavihāraṃ pahāya appamattena bhavitabbanti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekāyano</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">ayana</span>-saddo maggapariyāyo. Na kevalamayanameva, atha kho aññepi bahū maggapariyāyāti paduddhāraṃ karonto <span class="bld">‘‘maggassa hī’’</span>tiādi vatvā yadi maggapariyāyo ayana-saddo, kasmā puna maggoti vuttanti codanaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘tasmā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha ekamaggoti eko eva maggo. Na hi nibbānagāmī maggo añño atthīti. Nanu satipaṭṭhānaṃ idha ‘‘maggo’’ti adhippetaṃ, tadaññe ca bahū maggadhammā atthīti? Saccaṃ atthi, te pana satipaṭṭhānaggahaṇeneva gahitā tadavinābhāvato. Tathā hi ñāṇavīriyādayo niddese gahitā. Uddese pana satiyā eva gahaṇaṃ veneyyajjhāsayavasenāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Na dvedhāpathabhūto</span>ti iminā imassa maggassa anekamaggatābhāvaṃ viya anibbānagāmibhāvābhāvañca dasseti. <span class="bld">Ekenā</span>ti asahāyena. Asahāyatā ca duvidhā attadutiyatābhāvena vā, yā ‘‘vūpakaṭṭhakāyatā’’ti vuccati, taṇhādutiyatābhāvena vā, yā ‘‘pavivittacittatā’’ti vuccati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vūpakaṭṭhena pavivittacittenā’’</span>ti. Seṭṭhopi loke ‘‘eko’’ti vuccati ‘‘yāva pare ekato karosī’’tiādīsūti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ekassāti seṭṭhassā’’</span>ti. Yadi saṃsārato nissaraṇaṭṭho ayanaṭṭho aññesampi upanissayasampannānaṃ sādhāraṇo kathaṃ bhagavatoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kiñcāpī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Imasmiṃ kho</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">kho</span>-saddo avadhāraṇe, tasmā imasmiṃ yevāti attho. <span class="bld">Desanābhedoyeva heso,</span> yadidaṃ maggoti vā ayanoti vā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘attho paneko’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nānāmukhabhāvanānayappavatto</span>ti <a name="M1.0331"></a> kāyānupassanādimukhena tatthāpi ānāpānādimukhena bhāvanānayena pavatto. <span class="bld">Ekāyana</span>nti ekagāminaṃ, nibbānagāminanti attho. Nibbānañhi adutiyattā seṭṭhattā ca ‘‘eka’’nti vuccati. Yathāha ‘‘ekañhi saccaṃ na dutīyamatthī’’ti (su. ni. 890) ‘‘yāvatā, bhikkhave, dhammā saṅkhatā vā asaṅkhatā vā, virāgo tesaṃ aggamakkhāyatī’’ti (a. ni. 4.34; itivu. 90) ca. Khayo eva antoti khayanto<a name="V1.0296"></a>, jātiyā khayantaṃ diṭṭhavāti <span class="bld">jātikhayantadassī</span>. Avibhāgena sabbepi satte hitena anukampatīti <span class="bld">hitānukampī</span>. <span class="bld">Atariṃsū</span>ti tariṃsu. <span class="bld">Pubbe</span>ti purimakā buddhā, <span class="bld">pubbe</span> vā atītakāle.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ta</span>nti taṃ tesaṃ vacanaṃ, <span class="bld">taṃ</span> vā kiriyāvuttivācakattaṃ na yujjati. Na hi saṅkheyyappadhānatāya sattavācino eka-saddassa kiriyāvuttivācakatā atthi. ‘‘Sakimpi uddhaṃ gaccheyyā’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 7.72) viya <span class="bld">‘‘sakiṃ ayano’’ti iminā byañjanena bhavitabbaṃ</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ atthaṃ yojetvā</span>ti evaṃ padatthaṃ yojetvā. <span class="bld">Ubhayathāpī</span>ti purimanayena pacchimanayena ca. <span class="bld">Na yujjati</span> idhādhippetamaggassa anekavāraṃ pavattisabbhāvato. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kasmā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Anekavārampi ayatī</span>ti purimanayassa, anekañcassa ayanaṃ <span class="bld">hotī</span>ti pacchimanayassa ca paṭikkhepo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Imasmiṃ pade</span>ti ‘‘ekāyano ayaṃ bhikkhave maggo’’ti imasmiṃ vākye, imasmiṃ vā ‘‘pubbabhāgamaggo lokuttaramaggo’’ti saṃsayaṭṭhāne. <span class="bld">Missakamaggo</span>ti lokiyena missako lokuttaramaggo. Visuddhiādīnaṃ nippariyāyahetuṃ saṅgaṇhanto ācariyatthero ‘‘missakamaggo’’ti āha, itaro pariyāyahetu idhādhippetoti <span class="bld">‘‘pubbabhāgamaggo’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saddaṃ sutvāvā</span>ti ‘‘kālo, bhante, dhammassavanāyā’’ti kālārocanasaddaṃ sutvā. <span class="bld">Evaṃ ukkhipitvā</span>ti. Evaṃ ‘‘madhuraṃ imaṃ kuhiṃ chaḍḍemā’’ti achaḍḍentā ucchubhāraṃ viya paggahetvā na vicaranti. <span class="bld">Āluḷetī</span>ti viluḷito ākulo hotīti attho. <span class="bld">Ekāyanamaggo vuccati pubbabhāgasatipaṭṭhānamaggo</span>ti. Ettāvatā idhādhippetatthe siddhe tasseva alaṅkāratthaṃ so pana yassa pubbabhāgamaggo, taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘maggānaṭṭhaṅgiko’’</span>tiādikā <a name="M1.0332"></a> gāthāpi paṭisambhidāmaggatova ānetvā ṭhapitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nibbānagamanaṭṭhenā</span>ti nibbānaṃ gacchati adhigacchati etenāti nibbānagamanaṃ, so eva aviparītasabhāvatāya attho, tena nibbānagamanaṭṭhena, nibbānādhigamupāyatāyāti attho. <span class="bld">Magganīyaṭṭhenā</span>ti gavesitabbatāya, <span class="bld">‘‘gamanīyaṭṭhenā’’</span>ti vā pāṭho, upagantabbattāti attho. <span class="bld">Rāgādīhīti</span>. Iminā rāgadosamohānaṃyeva gahaṇaṃ ‘‘rāgo malaṃ, doso malaṃ, moho mala’’nti (vibha. 924) vacanato. ‘‘Abhijjhāvisamalobhādīhī’’ti pana iminā sabbesampi upakkilesānaṃ saṅgaṇhanatthaṃ te visuṃ uddhaṭā. <span class="bld">Sattānaṃ visuddhiyā</span>ti vuttassa atthassa ekantikataṃ <a name="V1.0297"></a> dassento <span class="bld">‘‘tathā hī’’</span>tiādimāha. Kāmaṃ ‘‘visuddhiyā’’ti sāmaññajotanā, cittavisuddhi eva panettha adhippetāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘rūpamalavasena panā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Na kevalaṃ <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathā</span>vacanameva, atha kho idamettha āhaccabhāsitanti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘tathā hī’’</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sā panāyaṃ cittavisuddhi sijjhamānā yasmā sokādīnaṃ anuppādāya saṃvattati, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sokaparidevānaṃ samatikkamāyā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha socanaṃ ñātibyasanādinimittaṃ cetaso santāpo antonijjhānaṃ <span class="bld">soko</span>. Ñātibyasanādinimittameva sokādhikatāya ‘‘kahaṃ, ekaputtaka, kahaṃ, ekaputtakā’’ti paridevavasena lapanaṃ <span class="bld">paridevo,</span> āyatiṃ anuppajjanaṃ idha <span class="bld">samatikkamo</span>ti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pahānāyā’’</span>ti. Taṃ panassa samatikkamāvahataṃ nidassanavasena dassento <span class="bld">‘‘ayaṃ hī’’</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">yaṃ pubbe taṃ visodhehī</span>ti atītesu khandhesu taṇhāsaṃkilesavisodhanaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Pacchā</span>ti parato. <span class="bld">Te</span>ti tuyhaṃ. <span class="bld">Māhū</span>ti mā ahu. <span class="bld">Kiñcana</span>nti rāgādikiñcanaṃ. Etena anāgatesu khandhesu saṃkilesavisodhanaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Majjhe</span>ti tadubhayavemajjhe. <span class="bld">No ce gahessasī</span>ti na upādiyissasi ce. Etena paccuppanne khandhapabandhe upādānappavatti vuttā. <span class="bld">Upasanto carissasī</span>ti evaṃ addhattayagatasaṃkilesavisodhane sati nibbutasabbapariḷāhatāya upasanto hutvā viharissasīti arahattanikūṭena gāthaṃ niṭṭhapesi. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘imaṃ gātha’’</span>ntiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Puttā</span>ti <a name="M1.0333"></a> orasā, aññepi vā ye keci. <span class="bld">Pitā</span>ti janako. <span class="bld">Bandhavā</span>ti ñātakā. Ayañhettha attho – puttā vā pitā vā bandhavā vā <span class="bld">antakena</span> maccunā <span class="bld">adhipannassa</span> abhibhūtassa maraṇato tāṇāya na honti, tasmā <span class="bld">natthi ñātīsu tāṇatā</span>ti. Na hi ñātīnaṃ vasena maraṇato ārakkhā atthi, tasmā paṭācāre ‘‘ubho puttā kālakatā’’tiādinā (apa. therī 2.2.498) mā niratthakaṃ paridevi, dhammaṃyeva pana yāthāvato passāti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sotāpattiphale patiṭṭhitā</span>ti yathānulomaṃ pavattitāya sāmukkaṃsikāya dhammadesanāya pariyosāne sahassanayapaṭimaṇḍite sotāpattiphale patiṭṭhahi. Kathaṃ panāyaṃ satipaṭṭhānamaggavasena sotāpattiphale patiṭṭhāsīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yasmā panā’’</span>tiādi. Na hi catusaccakammaṭṭhānakathāya vinā sāvakānaṃ ariyamaggādhigamo atthi. <span class="bld">‘‘Imaṃ gāthaṃ sutvā’’</span>ti pana idaṃ sokavinodanavasena pavattitāya gāthāya paṭhamaṃ sutattā vuttaṃ. Esa nayo itaragāthāyapi. <span class="bld">Bhāvanā</span>ti <a name="V1.0298"></a> paññābhāvanā. Sā hi idhādhippetā. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā rūpādīnaṃ aniccādito anupassanāpi satipaṭṭhānabhāvanā, tasmā. <span class="bld">Tepī</span>ti santatimahāmattapaṭācārā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pañcasate core</span>ti satasatacoraparivāre pañca core paṭipāṭiyā pesesi. Te araññaṃ pavisitvā theraṃ pariyesantā anukkamena therassa samīpe samāgacchiṃsu. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘te gantvā theraṃ parivāretvā nisīdiṃsū’’</span>ti. Vedanaṃ vikkhambhetvā pītipāmojjaṃ uppajjīti sambandho. Therassa hi sīlaṃ paccavekkhato suparisuddhaṃ sīlaṃ nissāya uḷāraṃ pītipāmojjaṃ uppajjamānaṃ ūruṭṭhibhedajanitaṃ dukkhavedanaṃ vikkhambhesi. <span class="bld">Pādānī</span>ti pāde. <span class="bld">Saññapessāmī</span>ti saññattiṃ karissāmi. <span class="bld">Aḍḍiyāmī</span>ti jigucchāmi. <span class="bld">Harāyāmī</span>ti lajjāmi. <span class="bld">Vipassisa</span>nti sammasiṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pacalāyantāna</span>nti pacalāyanaṃ niddaṃ upagatānaṃ. <span class="bld">Vatasampanno</span>ti dhutacaraṇasampanno. <span class="bld">Pamāda</span>nti pacalāyanaṃ sandhāyāha. <span class="bld">Oruddhamānaso</span>ti uparuddhaadhicitto. <span class="bld">Pañjarasmi</span>nti sarīre. Sarīrañhi nhārusambandhaaṭṭhisaṅghātatāya idha ‘‘pañjara’’nti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pītavaṇṇāya paṭākāya pariharaṇato mallayuddhacittakatāya ca <span class="bld">pītamallo. Tīsu rajjesū</span>ti paṇḍucoḷagoḷarajjesu. Mallā sīhaḷadīpe sakkārasammānaṃ <a name="M1.0334"></a> labhantīti <span class="bld">tambapaṇṇidīpaṃ āgamma</span>. <span class="bld">Taṃyeva aṅkusaṃ katvā</span>ti ‘‘rūpādayo ‘mamā’ti na gahetabbā’’ti na tumhākavaggena (saṃ. ni. 3.33-34) pakāsitamatthaṃ attano cittamattahatthino aṅkusaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Jaṇṇukehi caṅkamati</span> ‘‘nisinne niddāya avasaro hotī’’ti. <span class="bld">Byākaritvā</span>ti attano vīriyārambhassa saphalatāpavedanamukhena sabrahmacārīnaṃ ussāhaṃ janento aññaṃ byākaritvā. <span class="bld">Bhāsita</span>nti vacanaṃ. Kassa pana tanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘buddhaseṭṭhassa,</span> <span class="bld">sabbalokaggavādino’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Na tumhāka</span>ntiādi tassa pavattiākāradassanaṃ. Tayidaṃ me saṅkhārānaṃ accantavūpasamakāraṇanti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘aniccā vatā’’</span>ti gāthaṃ āhari. Tena idānāhaṃ saṅkhārānaṃ khaṇe khaṇe bhaṅgasaṅkhātassa rogassa abhāvena arogo parinibbutoti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Assā</span>ti sakkassa. <span class="bld">Upapattī</span>ti devūpapatti. <span class="bld">Punapākatikāva ahosi</span> sakkabhāveneva upapannattā. <span class="bld">Subrahmā</span>ti evaṃ nāmo. Accharānaṃ nirayūpapattiṃ disvā tato pabhuti satataṃ pavattamānaṃ attano cittutrāsaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘niccaṃ utrastamidaṃ citta’’</span>ntiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">utrasta</span>nti santastaṃ bhītaṃ. <span class="bld">Ubbigga</span>nti saṃviggaṃ. <span class="bld">Utrasta</span>nti vā saṃviggaṃ. <span class="bld">Ubbigga</span>nti bhayavasena saha kāyena sañcalitaṃ. <span class="bld">Anuppannesū</span>ti anāgatesu. <span class="bld">Kicchesū</span>ti dukkhesu. Nimittatthe bhummavacanaṃ, bhāvīdukkhapavattinimittanti <a name="V1.0299"></a> attho. <span class="bld">Uppatitesū</span>ti uppannesu kicchesūti yojanā, tadā attano parivārassa uppannadukkhanimittanti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bojjhā</span>ti bodhito, ariyamaggatoti attho. <span class="bld">Aññatrā</span>ti ca padaṃ apekkhitvā nissakkavacanaṃ, tasmā bodhiṃ ṭhapetvāti attho. Esa nayo sesesupi. <span class="bld">Tapasā</span>ti tapokammato. Tena maggādhigamassa upāyabhūtaṃ dhutaṅgasevanādisallekhapaṭipadaṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Indriyasaṃvarā</span>ti manacchaṭṭhānaṃ indriyānaṃ saṃvaraṇato. Etena satisaṃvarasīsena sabbampi saṃvarasīlaṃ, lakkhaṇahāranayena vā sabbampi catupārisuddhisīlaṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Sabbanissaggā</span>ti sabbupadhinissajjanato sabbakilesappahānato. Kilesesu hi nissaṭṭhesu kammavaṭṭaṃ vipākavaṭṭañca nissaṭṭhameva hotīti. <span class="bld">Sotthi</span>nti khemaṃ anupaddavataṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ñāyati nicchayena kamati nibbānaṃ, taṃ vā ñāyati paṭivijjhīyati etenāti <span class="bld">ñāyo,</span> ariyamaggoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ñāyo vuccati ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo’’</span>ti<a name="M1.0335"></a>. <span class="bld">Taṇhāvānavirahitattā</span>ti taṇhāsaṅkhātavānavivittattā. Taṇhā hi khandhehi khandhaṃ, kammunā vā phalaṃ, sattehi vā dukkhaṃ vinati saṃsibbatīti vānanti vuccati. Tayidaṃ natthi ettha vānaṃ, na vā etasmiṃ adhigate puggalassa vānanti <span class="bld">nibbānaṃ,</span> asaṅkhatā dhātu. Parapaccayena vinā paccakkhakaraṇaṃ sacchikiriyāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘attapaccakkhatāyā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nanu ‘‘visuddhiyā’’ti cittavisuddhiyā adhippetattā visuddhiggahaṇenevettha sokasamatikkamādayopi gahitā eva honti, te puna kasmā gahitāti anuyogaṃ sandhāya <span class="bld">‘‘tattha kiñcāpī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sāsanayuttikovide</span>ti saccapaṭiccasamuppādādilakkhaṇāyaṃ dhammanītiyaṃ cheke. <span class="bld">Taṃ taṃ atthaṃ ñāpetī</span>ti ye ye bodhaneyyapuggalā saṅkhepavitthārādivasena yathā yathā bodhetabbā, attano desanāvilāsena bhagavā te te tathā tathā bodhento taṃ tamatthaṃ ñāpeti. <span class="bld">Taṃ taṃ pākaṭaṃ katvā dassento</span>ti atthāpattiṃ agaṇento taṃ taṃ atthaṃ pākaṭaṃ katvā dassento. Na hi sammāsambuddhā atthāpattiñāpakādisādhanīyavacanāti. <span class="bld">Saṃvattatī</span>ti jāyati, hotīti attho. Yasmā anatikkantasokaparidevassa na kadāci cittavisuddhi atthi sokaparidevasamatikkamamukheneva cittavisuddhiyā ijjhanato, tasmā āha <span class="bld">‘‘sokaparidevānaṃ samatikkamena hotī’’</span>ti. Yasmā pana domanassapaccayehi dukkhadhammehi puṭṭhaṃ puthujjanaṃ sokādayo abhibhavanti, pariññātesu ca tesu te na honti, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sokaparidevānaṃ samatikkamo dukkhadomanassānaṃ atthaṅgamenā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ñāyassā</span>ti aggamaggassa tatiyamaggassa ca. Tadadhigamena hi yathākkamaṃ <a name="V1.0300"></a> dukkhadomanassānaṃ atthaṅgamo. Sacchikiriyābhisamayasahabhāvīpi itarābhisamayo tadavinābhāvato sacchikiriyābhisamayahetuko viya vutto <span class="bld">‘‘ñāyassādhigamo nibbānassa sacchikiriyāyā’’</span>ti. Phalañāṇena vā paccakkhakaraṇaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘nibbānassa sacchikiriyāyā’’</span>ti. Sampadānavacanañcetaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vaṇṇabhaṇana</span>nti pasaṃsāvacanaṃ. Tayidaṃ na idheva, atha kho aññatthāpi satthā akāsiyevāti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘yatheva hī’’</span>tiādimāha. Tatthaādimhi kalyāṇaṃ, ādi vā kalyāṇaṃ etassāti <span class="bld">ādikalyāṇaṃ</span>. Sesapadadvayepi eseva nayo. Atthasampattiyā <span class="bld">sātthaṃ</span>. Byañjanasampattiyā <span class="bld">sabyañjanaṃ</span>. Sīlādipañcadhammakkhandhapāripūrito upanetabbassa abhāvā ca <span class="bld">kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ</span>. Nirupakkilesato apanetabbassa abhāvā <a name="M1.0336"></a> ca <span class="bld">parisuddhaṃ</span>. Seṭṭhacariyabhāvato sāsana <span class="bld">brahmacariyaṃ maggabrahmacariyañca</span> vo <span class="bld">pakāsessāmī</span>ti ayamettha saṅkhepo, vitthāro pana <span class="bld">visuddhimagge</span> (visuddhi. 1.147) vuttanayena veditabbo. <span class="bld">Ariyavaṃsā</span>ti ariyānaṃ buddhādīnaṃ vaṃsā paveṇiyo. <span class="bld">Aggaññā</span>ti ‘‘aggā’’ti jānitabbā sabbavaṃsehi seṭṭhabhāvato. <span class="bld">Rattaññā</span>ti ‘‘cirarattā’’ti jānitabbā. <span class="bld">Vaṃsaññā</span>ti ‘‘buddhādīnaṃ vaṃsā’’ti jānitabbā. <span class="bld">Porāṇā</span>ti purātanā anadhunātanattā. <span class="bld">Asaṃkiṇṇā</span>ti avikiṇṇā anapanītā. <span class="bld">Asaṃkiṇṇapubbā</span>ti ‘‘kiṃ imehī’’ti ariyehi na apanītapubbā. <span class="bld">Na saṃkīyantī</span>ti idānipi tehi na apanīyanti. <span class="bld">Na saṃkīyissantī</span>ti anāgatepi tehi na apanīyissanti. <span class="bld">Appaṭikuṭṭhā…pe… viññūhī</span>ti ye loke viññū samaṇabrāhmaṇā, tehi apaccakkhatā aninditā, agarahitāti attho. <span class="bld">Visuddhiyātiādīhī</span>ti visuddhiādidīpanehi. <span class="bld">Padehī</span>ti vākyehi, visuddhiatthatādibhedabhinnehi vā dhammakoṭṭhāsehi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upaddave</span>ti anatthe. <span class="bld">Visuddhi</span>nti visujjhanaṃ saṃkilesappahānaṃ. Vācuggatakaraṇaṃ <span class="bld">uggaho</span>. <span class="bld">Pariyāpuṇanaṃ</span> paricayo. Atthassa hadaye ṭhapanaṃ <span class="bld">dhāraṇaṃ</span>. Parivattanaṃ <span class="bld">vācanaṃ</span>. <span class="bld">Gandhārako</span>ti gandhāradese uppanno. <span class="bld">Pahontī</span>ti sakkonti aniyyānamaggāti micchāmaggā, micchattaniyatāniyatamaggāpi vā. Suvaṇṇanti kūṭasuvaṇṇampi vuccati. <span class="bld">Paṇī</span>ti kācamaṇipi. <span class="bld">Muttā</span>ti veḷujāpi. <span class="bld">Pavāḷa</span>nti pallavopi vuccatīti<span class="bld"> rattajambunadā</span>dipadehi te visesitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na tato heṭṭhā</span>ti (saṃ. ni. ṭī. 2.5.367; dī. ni. ṭī. 2.373) idhādhippetakāyādīnaṃ vedanādisabhāvattābhāvā, kāyavedanācittavimuttassa tebhūmakadhammassa visuṃ vipallāsavatthantarabhāvena gahitattā ca heṭṭhāgahaṇesu vipallāsavatthūnaṃ aniṭṭhānaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ, pañcamassa <a name="V1.0301"></a> pana vipallāsavatthuno abhāvā <span class="bld">‘‘na uddha’’</span>nti āha. Ārammaṇavibhāgena hettha satipaṭṭhānavibhāgoti. <span class="bld">Tayo satipaṭṭhānā</span>ti satipaṭṭhānasaddassa atthuddhāradassanaṃ, na idha pāḷiyaṃ vuttassa satipaṭṭhānasaddassa atthadassananti. <span class="bld">Ādīsu hi satigocaro</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena ‘‘phassasamudayā vedanānaṃ samudayo, nāmarūpasamudayā cittassa samudayo, manasikārasamudayā dhammānaṃ samudayo’’ti satipaṭṭhānāti vuttānaṃ <a name="M1.0337"></a> satigocarānaṃ pakāsake suttapadese saṅgaṇhāti. Evaṃ paṭisambhidāpāḷiyampi (paṭi. ma. 3.34) avasesapāḷippadesadassanattho <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddo daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Satiyā paṭṭhāna</span>nti satiyā patiṭṭhātabbaṭṭhānaṃ. Dānādīni satiyā karontassa rūpādīni kasiṇādīni ca satiyā ṭhānaṃ hontīti taṃnivāraṇatthamāha <span class="bld">‘‘padhānaṃ ṭhāna’’</span>nti. Pa-saddo hi idha ‘‘paṇītā dhammā’’tiādīsu (dha. sa. 14 tikamātikā) viya padhānatthadīpakoti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ariyo</span>ti ariyaṃ sabbasattaseṭṭhaṃ sammāsambuddhamāha. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti etasmiṃ saḷāyatanavibhaṅgasutte (ma. ni. 3.311). Suttekadesena hi suttaṃ dasseti. Tattha hi –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Tayo satipaṭṭhānā yadariyo…pe… marahatīti iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ, kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ. Idha, bhikkhave, satthā sāvakānaṃ dhammaṃ deseti anukampako hitesī anukampaṃ upādāya ‘‘idaṃ vo hitāya idaṃ vo sukhāyā’ti. Tassa sāvakā na sussūsanti, na sotaṃ odahanti, na aññā cittaṃ upaṭṭhapenti, vokkamma ca satthusāsanā vattanti. Tatra, bhikkhave, tathāgato na ceva anattamano hoti, na ca anattamanataṃ paṭisaṃvedeti, anavassuto ca viharati sato sampajāno. Idaṃ, bhikkhave, paṭhamaṃ satipaṭṭhānaṃ, yadariyo…pe… arahati.</p>
<p class="indent">Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, satthā…pe… idaṃ vo sukhāyāti. Tassa ekacce sāvakā na sussūsanti…pe… vattanti. Ekacce sāvakā sussūsanti…pe… na ca vokkamma satthusāsanā vattanti. Tatra, bhikkhave, tathāgato na ceva anattamano hoti, na ca anattamanataṃ paṭisaṃvedeti, na ceva attamano hoti, na ca attamanataṃ paṭisaṃvedeti. Anattamanatañca attamanatañca tadubhayaṃ abhinivajjetvā upekkhato viharati sato sampajāno. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dutiyaṃ satipaṭṭhānaṃ…pe… arahati.</p>
<p class="indent">Puna caparaṃ…pe… sukhāyāti. Tassa sāvakā sussūsanti…pe… vattanti. Tatra, bhikkhave, tathāgato attamano ceva hoti, attamanatañca paṭisaṃvedeti, anavassuto ca viharati <a name="V1.0302"></a> sato sampajāno<a name="M1.0338"></a>. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, tatiyaṃ satipaṭṭhānaṃ…pe… arahatī’’ti (ma. ni. 3.311) –</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ paṭighānunayehi anavassutatā, niccaṃ upaṭṭhitassatitāya tadubhayavītivattatā ‘‘satipaṭṭhāna’’nti vuttā. Buddhānaṃyeva hi niccaṃ upaṭṭhitassatitā hoti āveṇikadhammabhāvato, na paccekabuddhādīnaṃ. <span class="bld">Pa</span>-saddo ārambhaṃ joteti, ārambho ca pavattīti katvā āha <span class="bld">‘‘pavattayitabbatoti attho’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Satiyā</span> karaṇabhūtāya <span class="bld">paṭṭhānaṃ</span> paṭṭhapetabbaṃ <span class="bld">satipaṭṭhānaṃ</span>. Ana-saddo hi bahulavacanena kammatthopi hotīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathāssa kattuatthopi labbhatīti <span class="bld">‘‘patiṭṭhātīti paṭṭhāna’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">pa</span>-saddo bhūsatthavisiṭṭhaṃ pakkhandhanaṃ dīpetīti <span class="bld">‘‘okkantitvā pakkhanditvā pavattatīti attho’’</span>ti āha. Puna bhāvatthaṃ sati-saddaṃ paṭṭhāna-saddañca vaṇṇento <span class="bld">‘‘atha vā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tena purimavikappe sati-saddo paṭṭhāna-saddo ca katthuatthoti viññāyati. <span class="bld">Saraṇaṭṭhenā</span>ti cirakatassa cirabhāsitassa ca anussaraṇaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Ida</span>nti yaṃ ‘‘satiyeva satipaṭṭhāna’’nti vuttaṃ, idaṃ <span class="bld">idha</span> imasmiṃ suttapadese adhippetaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yadi eva</span>nti yadi sati eva satipaṭṭhānaṃ, sati nāma eko dhammo, evaṃ sante kasmā <span class="bld">‘‘satipaṭṭhānā’’</span>ti bahuvacananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘satibahuttā’’</span>tiādi. Yadi bahukā etā satiyo, atha kasmā ‘‘maggo’’ti ekavacananti yojanā. <span class="bld">Maggaṭṭhenā</span>ti niyyānaṭṭhena. Niyyāniko hi maggadhammo, teneva niyyānikabhāvena ekattupagato ekantato nibbānaṃ gacchati, atthikehi ca tadatthaṃ maggīyatīti attanāva pubbe vuttaṃ paccāharati <span class="bld">‘‘vuttañceta’’</span>nti. Tattha <span class="bld">catassopi cetā</span>ti kāyānupassanādivasena catubbidhāpi ca etā satiyo. <span class="bld">Aparabhāge</span>ti ariyamaggakkhaṇe. <span class="bld">Kiccaṃ sādhayamānā</span>ti pubbabhāge kāyādīsu ārammaṇesu subhasaññādividhamanena visuṃ visuṃ pavattitvā maggakkhaṇe sakiṃyeva tattha catubbidhassapi vipallāsassa samucchedavasena pahānakiccaṃ sādhayamānā ārammaṇakaraṇavasena nibbānaṃ gacchanti. Catubbidhakiccasādhaneneva hettha bahuvacananiddeso. <span class="bld">Evañca satī</span>ti maggaṭṭhena ekattaṃ upādāya ‘‘maggo’’ti ekavacanena ārammaṇabhedena <a name="M1.0339"></a> catubbidhataṃ upādāya ‘‘cattāro’’ti ca vattabbatāya sativijjamānattā. <span class="bld">Vacanānusandhinā</span> ‘‘ekāyano aya’’ntiādikā desanā <span class="bld">sānusandhikāva,</span> na ananusandhikāti adhippāyo. Vuttamevatthaṃ nidassanena paṭipādetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘mārasenappamaddana’’</span>nti suttapadaṃ (saṃ. ni. 5.224) ānetvā <a name="V1.0303"></a> <span class="bld">‘‘yathā’’</span>tiādinā nidassanaṃ saṃsandeti. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>tiādi nigamanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Visesato kāyo ca vedanā ca assādassakāraṇanti tappahānatthaṃ tesu taṇhāvatthūsu oḷārikasukhumesu asubhadukkhabhāvadassanāni mandatikkhapaññehi taṇhācaritehi sukarānīti tāni tesaṃ ‘‘visuddhimaggo’’ti vuttāni tathā ‘‘niccaṃ attā’’ti abhinivesavatthutāya diṭṭhiyā visesakāraṇesu cittadhammesu aniccānattatādassanāni sarāgādivasena saññāphassādivasena nīvaraṇādivasena ca nātippabhedaatippabhedagatesu tesu tappahānatthaṃ mandatikkhapaññānaṃ diṭṭhicaritānaṃ sukarānīti tesaṃ tāni ‘‘visuddhimaggo’’ti vuttāni. Ettha ca yathā cittadhammānampi taṇhāya vatthubhāvo sambhavati, tathā kāyavedanānampi diṭṭhiyāti satipi nesaṃ catunnampi taṇhādiṭṭhiyā vatthubhāve yo yassa sātisayapaccayo, taṃdassanatthaṃ visesaggahaṇaṃ katanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Tikkhapaññasamathayāniko oḷārikārammaṇaṃ pariggaṇhanto tattha aṭṭhatvā jhānaṃ samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhāya vedanaṃ pariggaṇhātīti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Oḷārikārammaṇe asaṇṭhahanato’’</span>ti. Vipassanāyānikassa pana sukhume citte dhammesu ca cittaṃ pakkhandatīti cittadhammānupassanānaṃ mandatikkhapaññāvipassanāyānikānaṃ visuddhimaggatā vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tesaṃ tatthā</span>ti ettha tattha-saddassa ‘‘pahānattha’’nti etena yojanā. Parato <span class="bld">tesaṃ tatthā</span>ti etthāpi esevanayo. Pañca kāmaguṇā savisesā kāye labbhantīti visesena kāyo kāmoghassa vatthu, bhavesu sukhaggahaṇavasena bhavassādo hoti bhavoghassa vedanā vatthu, santatighanagahaṇavasena visesato citte attābhiniveso hotīti diṭṭhoghassa cittaṃ vatthu, dhammesu vinibbhogassa dukkarattā dhammānaṃ dhammamattatāya duppaṭivijjhattā sammoho hotīti avijjoghassa dhammā vatthu, tasmā tesaṃ pahānatthaṃ <span class="bld">cattārova vuttā.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadaggena <a name="M1.0340"></a> ca kāyo kāmoghassa vatthu, tadaggena abhijjhākāyaganthassa vatthu, dukkhāya vedanāya paṭighānusayo anusetīti dukkhadukkhavipariṇāmadukkhasaṅkhāradukkhabhūtā vedanā visesena byāpādakāyaganthassa vatthu, citte niccaggahaṇavasena sassatassa attano sīlena suddhītiādi parāmasanaṃ hotīti sīlabbataparāmāsassa cittaṃ vatthu, nāmarūpaparicchedena bhūtaṃ bhūtato apassantassa bhavavibhavadiṭṭhisaṅkhāto idaṃsaccābhiniveso hotīti tassa dhammā vatthu, sukhavedanāssādavasena paralokanirapekkho ‘‘natthi dinna’’ntiādikaṃ parāmāsaṃ uppādetīti diṭṭhupādānassa vedanā vatthu santatighanagahaṇavasena sarāgādicitte sammoho hotīti mohāgatiyā cittaṃ <a name="V1.0304"></a> vatthu, dhammasabhāvānavabodhena bhayaṃ hotīti bhayāgatiyā dhammā vatthu. Ye panettha avuttā, tesaṃ vuttanayena vatthubhāvo yojetabbo. Tathā hi oghesu vuttanayā eva yogāsavesupi yojanā atthato abhinnattā. Tathā paṭhamoghatatiyacatutthaganthayojanāya vuttanayā eva kāyacittadhammānaṃ itarūpādānavatthutā yojanā, tathā kāmoghabyāpādakāyaganthayojanāya vuttanayā eva kāyavedanānaṃ chandadosāgati vatthutā yojanā vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Āhārasamudayā kāyasamudayo, phassasamudayā vedanāsamudayo, (saṃ. ni. 5.408) saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇaṃ, viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpa’’nti (ma. ni. 3.126; udā. 1; vibha. 225) vacanato kāyādīnaṃ samudayabhūtā kabaḷīkārāhāraphassamanosañcetanāviññāṇāhārā kāyādiparijānanena pariññātā hontīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘catubbidhāhārapariññattha’’</span>nti <span class="bld">pakaraṇanayo</span>ti <span class="bld">nettipakaraṇavasena</span> suttantasaṃvaṇṇanānayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saraṇavasenā</span>ti kāyādīnaṃ kusalādidhammānañca upadhāraṇavasena. Saranti gacchanti nibbānaṃ etāyāti satīti imasmiṃ atthe ekatte ekasabhāve nibbāne samosaraṇaṃ samāgamo <span class="bld">ekattasamosaraṇaṃ</span>. Etadeva hi dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yathā hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Ekanibbānapavesahetubhūtā vā samānatā eko satipaṭṭhānassa bhāvo ekattaṃ, tattha samosaraṇaṃ <a name="M1.0341"></a> taṃsabhāgatā <span class="bld">ekattasamosaraṇaṃ</span>. Ekanibbānapavesahetubhāvaṃ pana dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yathā hī’’</span>tiādimāha. Etasmiṃ atthe saraṇekattasamosaraṇāni saheva satipaṭṭhānekabhāvassa kāraṇatthena vuttānīti daṭṭhabbāni, purimasmiṃ visuṃ. <span class="bld">Saraṇavasenā</span>ti vā ‘‘gamanavasenā’’ti atthe sati tadeva gamanaṃ samosaraṇanti, samosaraṇe vā satisaddatthavasena avuccamāne dhāraṇatāva satīti satisaddatthantarābhāvā purimaṃ satibhāvassa kāraṇaṃ, pacchimaṃ ekabhāvassāti nibbānasamosaraṇepi sahitāneva tāni satipaṭṭhānekabhāvassa kāraṇāni vuttāni honti. <span class="bld">Cuddasavidhena,</span> <span class="bld">navavidhena, soḷasavidhena, pañcavidhenā</span>ti idaṃ upari pāḷiyaṃ (ma. ni. 1.107) āgatānaṃ ānāpānapabbādīnaṃ vasena vuttaṃ, tesaṃ pana antarabhedavasena tadanugatabhedavasena ca bhāvanāya anekavidhatā labbhatiyeva. Catūsu disāsu uṭṭhānakabhaṇḍasadisatā kāyānupassanāditaṃtaṃsatipaṭṭhānabhāvanānubhāvassa daṭṭhabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Gocare, bhikkhave, caratha sake pettike visaye’’tiādivacanato (dī. ni. 3.80; saṃ. ni. 5.372) bhikkhugocarā ete dhammā, yadidaṃ kāyānupassanādayo. Tattha yasmā kāyānupassanādipaṭipattiyā bhikkhu hoti, tasmā ‘‘kāyānupassī viharatī’’tiādinā bhikkhuṃ dasseti, bhikkhumhi taṃ niyamatoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘paṭipattiyā bhikkhubhāvadassanato’’</span>ti. Satthu cariyānuvidhāyakattā <a name="V1.0305"></a> sakalasāsanasampaṭiggāhakattā ca <span class="bld">sabbappakārāya anusāsaniyā bhājanabhāvo</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samaṃ careyyā</span>ti kāyādivisamacariyaṃ pahāya kāyādīhi samaṃ careyya. Rāgādivūpasamena <span class="bld">santo</span>. Indriyadamena <span class="bld">danto</span>. Catumagganiyāmena <span class="bld">niyato</span>. Seṭṭhacaritāya <span class="bld">brahmacārī</span>. Kāyadaṇḍādioropanena <span class="bld">nidhāya daṇḍaṃ</span>. Ariyabhāve ṭhito <span class="bld">so</span> evarūpo bāhitapāpasamitapāpabhinnakilesatāhi <span class="bld">brāhmaṇo samaṇo bhikkhū</span>ti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Ayañceva kāyo bahiddho ca nāmarūpa’’ntiādīsu (dī. ni. ṭī. 2.373) khandhapañcakaṃ, ‘‘sukhañca kāyena paṭisaṃvedetī’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.271, 287; pārā. 11) nāmakāyo kāyoti vuccatīti tato visesanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kāyeti rūpakāye’’</span>ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Asammissato</span>ti <a name="M1.0342"></a> ‘‘vedanādayopi ettha sitā ettha paṭibaddhā’’ti kāye vedanādianupassanāpasaṅgepi āpanne tato asammissatoti attho. Samūhavisayatāya cassa kāya-saddassa samudāyupādānatāya ca asubhākārassa ‘‘kāye’’ti ekavacanaṃ, tathā ārammaṇādivibhāgena anekabhedabhinnampi cittaṃ cittabhāvasāmaññena ekajjhaṃ gahetvā ‘‘citte’’ti ekavacanaṃ, vedanā pana sukhādibhedabhinnā visuṃ visuṃ anupassitabbāti dassentena ‘‘vedanāsū’’ti bahuvacanena vuttā, tatheva ca niddeso pavattito, dhammā ca paropaṇṇāsabhedā anupassitabbākārena ca anekabhedā evāti tepi bahuvacanavaseneva vuttā. Avayavīgāha-samaññātidhāvana-sārādānābhinivesanisedhanatthaṃ kāyaṃ aṅgapaccaṅgehi, tāni ca kesādīhi, kesādike ca bhūtupādāyarūpehi vinibbhujjanto <span class="bld">‘‘tathā na kāye’’</span>tiādimāha. Pāsādādinagarāvayavasamūhe avayavīvādinopi avayavīgāhaṃ na karonti, nagaraṃ nāma koci attho atthīti pana kesañci samaññātidhāvanaṃ siyāti itthipurisādisamaññātidhāvane nagaranidassanaṃ vuttaṃ. Aṅgapaccaṅgasamūho, kesalomādisamūho bhūtupādāyasamūho ca yathāvuttasamūhe tabbinimutto kāyopi nāma koci natthi, pageva itthiādayoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kāyo vā…pe… dissatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Koci dhammo</span>ti iminā sattajīvādiṃ paṭikkhipati, avayavī pana kāyapaṭikkhepeneva paṭikkhittoti. Yadi evaṃ kathaṃ kāyādisaññābhidhānānītiāha <span class="bld">‘‘yathāvutta…pe… karontī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yaṃ passati</span> itthiṃ purisaṃ vā. Nanu cakkhunā itthipurisadassanaṃ natthīti? Saccametaṃ, ‘‘itthiṃ <a name="V1.0306"></a> passāmi, purisaṃ passāmī’’ti pana pavattasaññāya vasena ‘‘yaṃ passatī’’ti vuttaṃ. Micchādassanena vā diṭṭhiyā <span class="bld">yaṃ passati, na taṃ diṭṭhaṃ, taṃ</span> rūpāyatanaṃ na hotīti attho viparītaggāhavasena micchāparikappitarūpattā. Atha vā taṃ kesādibhūtupādāyasamūhasaṅkhātaṃ diṭṭhaṃ na hoti acakkhuviññāṇaviññeyyattā, diṭṭhaṃ vā taṃ na hoti. <span class="bld">Yaṃ diṭṭhaṃ taṃ na passatī</span>ti yaṃ rūpāyatanaṃ kesādibhūtupādāyasamūhasaṅkhātaṃ diṭṭhaṃ, taṃ paññācakkhunā bhūtato na passatīti attho. <span class="bld">Apassaṃ bajjhate</span>ti imaṃ attabhāvaṃ yathābhūtaṃ paññācakkhunā apassanto ‘‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me atto’’ti kilesabandhanena bajjhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na</span> <a name="M1.0343"></a> <span class="bld">aññadhammānupassī</span>ti na aññasabhāvānupassī, asubhādito aññākārānupassī na hotīti attho. <span class="bld">Kiṃ vuttaṃ hotī</span>tiādinā tamevatthaṃ pākaṭaṃ karoti. <span class="bld">Pathavīkāya</span>nti kesādikoṭṭhāsapathaviṃ dhammasamūhattā ‘‘kāyo’’ti vadati, lakkhaṇapathavimeva vā anekappabhedaṃ sakalasarīragataṃ pubbāpariyabhāvena ca pavattamānaṃ samūhavasena gahetvā ‘‘kāyo’’ti vadati. <span class="bld">Āpokāya</span>ntiādīsupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evaṃ gahetabbassā</span>ti ‘‘ahaṃ mama’’nti evaṃ attattaniyabhāvena andhabālehi gahetabbassa. Idāni sattannaṃ anupassanākārānampi vasena kāyānupassanaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘apicā’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">aniccato anupassatī</span>ti catusamuṭṭhānikakāyaṃ ‘‘anicca’’nti anupassati, evaṃ passanto evaṃ cassa aniccākārampi anupassatīti vuccati. Tathābhūtassa cassa niccaggāhassa lesopi na hotīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘no niccato’’</span>ti tathāhesa ‘‘niccasaññaṃ pajahatī’’ti (paṭi. ma. 3.35) vutto. Ettha ca ‘‘aniccato eva anupassatī’’ti eva-kāro luttaniddiṭṭhoti tena nivattitamatthaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘no niccato’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Na cettha dukkhato anupassanādinivattanamāsaṅkitabbaṃ paṭiyogīnivattanaparattā eva-kārassa, uparidesanāruḷhattā ca tāsaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dukkhato anupassatī</span>tiādīsupi eseva nayo. Ayaṃ pana viseso – aniccassa dukkhattā tameva kāyaṃ dukkhato anupassati, dukkhassa anattattā <span class="bld">anattato anupassati</span>. Yasmā pana yaṃ aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ anattā, taṃ anabhinanditabbaṃ, na tattha rajjitabbaṃ, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘nibbindati no nandati,</span> <span class="bld">virajjati no rajjatī’’</span>ti. So evaṃ arajjanto rāgaṃ <span class="bld">nirodheti no samudeti,</span> samudayaṃ na karotīti attho. Evaṃ paṭipanno ca <span class="bld">paṭinissajjati no ādiyati</span>. Ayañhi aniccādianupassanā tadaṅgavasena saddhiṃ kāyatannissayakhandhābhisaṅkhārehi kilesānaṃ <a name="V1.0307"></a> pariccajanato, saṅkhatadosadassanena tabbiparīte nibbāne tanninnatāya pakkhandanato ‘‘pariccāgapaṭinissaggo ceva pakkhandanapaṭinissaggo cā’’ti vuccati, tasmā tāya samannāgato bhikkhu vuttanayena kilese ca pariccajati, nibbāne ca pakkhandati<a name="M1.0344"></a>, tathābhūto ca nibbattanavasena kilese na ādiyati, nāpi adosadassitāvasena saṅkhatārammaṇaṃ. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘paṭinissajjati no ādiyatī’’</span>ti. Idānissa tāhi anupassanāhi yesaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānaṃ hoti, taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘so taṃ aniccato anupassanto niccasaññaṃ pajahatī’’</span>ti. Tattha <span class="bld">niccasañña</span>nti ‘‘saṅkhārā niccā’’ti evaṃ pavattaviparītasaññaṃ. Diṭṭhicittavipallāsapahānamukheneva saññāvipallāsappahānanti saññāgahaṇaṃ, saññāsīsena vā tesampi gahaṇaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Nandi</span>nti sappītikataṇhaṃ. Sesaṃ vuttanayemeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Viharatī</span>ti iminā kāyānupassanāsamaṅgino iriyāpathavihāro vuttoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘iriyatī’’</span>ti iriyāpathaṃ pavattetīti attho. Ārammaṇakaraṇavasena abhibyāpanato <span class="bld">‘‘tīsu bhavesū’’</span>ti vuttaṃ, uppajjanavasena pana kilesā parittabhūmakā evāti. Yadipi kilesānaṃ pahānaṃ ātāpananti taṃ sammādiṭṭhiādīnampi attheva, ātāpa-saddo pana vīriyeyeva niruḷhoti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vīriyassetaṃ nāma’’</span>nti. Atha vā paṭipakkhapahāne sampayuttadhammānaṃ abbhussahanavasena pavattamānassa vīriyassa sātisayaṃ tadātāpananti vīriyameva tathā vuccati, na aññe dhammā. <span class="bld">Ātāpī</span>ti cāyamīkāro pasaṃsāya, atisayassa vā dīpakoti ātāpīgahaṇena sammappadhānasamaṅgitaṃ dasseti. Sammā, samantato, sāmañca pajānanto <span class="bld">sampajāno,</span> asammissato vavatthāne aññadhammānupassitābhāvena sammā aviparītaṃ, sabbākārapajānanena samantato, uparūpari visesāvahabhāvena pavattiyā sayaṃ pajānantoti attho. Yadi paññāya anupassati, kathaṃ satipaṭṭhānatāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘na hī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Sabbatthika</span>nti sabbattha bhavaṃ sabbattha līne uddhate ca citte icchitabbattā, sabbe vā līne uddhate ca bhāvetabbā bojjhaṅgā atthikā etāyāti <span class="bld">sabbatthikā</span>. Satiyā laddhūpakārāya eva paññāya ettha yathāvutte <span class="bld">kāye</span> kammaṭṭhāniko bhikkhu <span class="bld">kāyānupassī viharati. Antosaṅkhepo</span> anto olīyano, kosajjanti attho. <span class="bld">Upāyapariggaheti</span> ettha sīlavisodhanādi gaṇanādi uggahakosallādi ca <span class="bld">upāyo,</span> tabbipariyāyato <span class="bld">anupāyo</span> veditabbo. Yasmā ca upaṭṭhitassati yathāvuttaupāyaṃ na pariccajati, anupāyañca na upādiyati, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘muṭṭhassati…pe… asamattho</span> <a name="M1.0345"></a> <span class="bld">hotī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tenā</span>ti upāyānupāyānaṃ pariggahaparivajjanesu apariccāgāpariggahesu ca asamatthabhāvena <span class="bld">assa</span> yogino.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā <a name="V1.0308"></a> satiyevettha satipaṭṭhānaṃ vuttā, tasmāssa sampayuttā dhammā vīriyādayo aṅganti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sampayogaṅgañcassa dassetvā’’</span>ti. Aṅga-saddo cettha kāraṇapariyāyo daṭṭhabbo, satiggahaṇeneva cettha samādhissati gahaṇaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ tassā samādhikkhandhe saṅgahitattā. Yasmā vā satisīsenāyaṃ desanā. Na hi kevalāya satiyā kilesappahānaṃ hoti, nibbānādhigamo vā, na ca kevalā sati pavattati, tasmāssa jhānadesanāyaṃ savitakkādivacanassa viya sampayogaṅgadassanatāti aṅga-saddassa avayavapariyāyatā daṭṭhabbā. <span class="bld">Pahānaṅga</span>nti ‘‘vivicceva kāmehī’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 1.226; ma. ni. 1.271, 287; saṃ. ni. 2.152; a. ni. 4.123; pārā. 11) viya pahātabbaṅgaṃ dassetuṃ. Yasmā ettha lokiyamaggo adhippeto, na lokuttaramaggo, tasmā pubbabhāgiyameva vinayaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘tadaṅgavinayena vā vikkhambhanavinayena vā’’</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Tesaṃ dhammāna</span>nti vedanādidhammānaṃ. Tesañhi tattha anadhippetattā <span class="bld">‘‘atthuddhāranayenetaṃ vutta’’</span>nti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Avisesena dvīhipi nīvaraṇappahānaṃ vuttanti katvā puna ekekena vuttaṃ pahānavisesaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘visesenā’’</span>ti āha. Atha vā ‘‘vineyya nīvaraṇānī’’ti avatvā abhijjhādomanassavacanassa payojanaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘visesenā’’</span>tiādimāha. Kāyānupassanābhāvanāya hi ujuvipaccanīkānaṃ anurodhādīnaṃ pahānaṃ dassanaṃ etassa payojananti. <span class="bld">Kāyasampattimūlakassā</span>ti rūpa-bala-yobbanārogyādi-sarīrasampadā-nimittassa. Vuttavipariyāyato <span class="bld">kāyavipattimūlako virodho</span> veditabbo. <span class="bld">Kāyabhāvanāyā</span>ti kāyānupassanābhāvanāya. Sā hi idha ‘‘kāyabhāvanā’’ti adhippetā. <span class="bld">Tenā</span>ti anurodhādippahānavacanena. <span class="bld">Yogānubhāvo hī</span>tiādi vuttassevatthassa pākaṭakaraṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Satisampajaññenā</span>ti atisampajaññaggahaṇena. <span class="bld">Sabbatthikakammaṭṭhāna</span>nti buddhānussati mettā maraṇassati asubhabhāvanā ca. Idañhi catukkaṃ yoginā parihariyamānaṃ ‘‘sabbatthikakammaṭṭhāna’’nti vuccati atisampajaññabalena avicchinnassa tassa pariharitabbattā, <span class="bld">satiyā vā samatho vutto</span> tassā samāddhikkhandhena saṅgahitattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tenā</span>ti <a name="M1.0346"></a> saddatthaṃ anādiyitvā bhāvatthasseva vibhajanavasena pavattena vibhaṅgapāṭhena saha. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhakathānayo</span>ti saddatthassapi vivaraṇavasena yathārahaṃ vutto atthasaṃvaṇṇanānayo. <span class="bld">Yathā saṃsandatī</span>ti yathā atthato adhippāyato ca avilomento aññadatthu saṃsandati sameti, evaṃ veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vedanādīnaṃ</span> <a name="V1.0309"></a> <span class="bld">puna vacane</span>ti ettha nissayapaccayabhāvavasena cittadhammānaṃ vedanāsannissitattā pañcavokārabhave arūpadhammānaṃ rūpapaṭibaddhavuttito ca vedanāya kāyādianupassanāpasaṅgepi āpanne tadasammissato vavatthānadassanatthaṃ ghanavinibbhogādidassanatthañca dutiyavedanāgahaṇaṃ. Tena na vedanāyaṃ kāyānupassī, cittadhammānupassī vā, atha kho vedanānupassīyevāti vedanāsaṅkhāte vatthusmiṃ vedanānupassanākārasseva dassanena asammissato vavatthānaṃ dassitaṃ hoti. Tathā ‘‘yasmiṃ samaye sukhā vedanā, na tasmiṃ samaye dukkhā adukkhamasukhā vā vedanā. Yasmiṃ vā pana samaye dukkhā adukkhamasukhā vā vedanā, na tasmiṃ samaye itarā vedanā’’ti vedanābhāvasāmaññe aṭṭhatvā taṃ taṃ vedanaṃ vinibbhujitvā dassanena ghanavinibbhogo dhuvabhāvaviveko dassito hoti. Tena tāsaṃ khaṇamattāvaṭṭhānadassanena aniccatāya tato eva dukkhatāya anattatāya ca dassanaṃ vibhāvitaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Ghanavinibbhogādī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena ayampi attho veditabbo. Ayañhi vedanāyaṃ vedanānupassīyeva, na aññadhammānupassī. Kiṃ vuttaṃ hoti – yathā nāma bālo amaṇisabhāvepi udakabubbuḷake maṇiākārānupassī hoti, na evamayaṃ ṭhitiramaṇīyepi vedayite, pageva itarasmiṃ manuññākārānupassī, atha kho khaṇabhaṅguratāya avasavattitāya kilesāsucipaggharaṇatāya ca aniccaanattaasubhākārānupassī, vipariṇāmadukkhatāya saṅkhāradukkhatāya ca visesato dukkhānupassīyevāti vuttaṃ hoti. Evaṃ cittadhammesupi yathārahaṃ puna vacane payojanaṃ vattabbaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Kevalaṃ panidhā’’</span>tiādinā idha ‘ettakaṃ veditabba’’nti veditabbaparicchedaṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Esa nayo</span>ti iminā yathā cittaṃ dhammā ca anupassitabbā, tathā tāni anupassanto ‘‘citte cittānupassī, dhammesu dhammānupassī’’ti veditabboti imamatthaṃ atidisati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yo</span> <a name="M1.0347"></a> <span class="bld">sukhaṃ dukkhato addā</span>ti yo bhikkhu sukhavedanaṃ vipariṇāmadukkhatāya ‘‘dukkha’’nti paññācakkhunā addakkhi. <span class="bld">Dukkhamaddakkhi sallato</span>ti dukkhavedanaṃ pīḷājananato antotudanato dunnīharaṇato ca sallanti addakkhi passi. <span class="bld">Adukkhamasukha</span>nti upekkhāvedanaṃ. <span class="bld">Santa</span>nti sukhadukkhāni viya anoḷārikatāya paccayavasena vūpasantasabhāvatāya ca santaṃ. <span class="bld">Aniccato</span>ti hutvā abhāvato udayabbayavantato tāvakālikatoniccapaṭikkhepato ca ‘‘anicca’’nti yo addakkhi. <span class="bld">Sa ve sammaddaso bhikkhu</span> ekaṃsena paribyattaṃ vā vedanāya sammā passanakoti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dukkhātipī</span>ti saṅkhāradukkhatāya dukkhā itipi. <span class="bld">Sabbaṃ taṃ dukkhasmi</span>nti sabbaṃ taṃ vedayitaṃ dukkhasmiṃ antogadhaṃ pariyāpannaṃ vadāmi saṅkhāradukkhatānativattanato. <span class="bld">Sukhadukkhatopi cā</span>ti <a name="V1.0310"></a> sukhādīnaṃ ṭhitivipariṇāmaññāṇasukhatāya vipariṇāmaṭhitiaññāṇadukkhatāya ca vuttattā tissopi sukhato, tissopi ca dukkhato anupassitabbāti attho. Rūpādi<span class="bld">-ārammaṇa</span>chandādi-<span class="bld">adhipati-</span>ñāṇādi-<span class="bld">sahajāta-</span> kāmāvacarādi-<span class="bld">bhūmi</span>nānattabhedānaṃ kusalākusala-taṃvipākakiriyā-nānattādibhedānañca, ādi-saddena saṅkhārikāsaṅkhārikasa-vatthukāvatthukādi-nānattabhedānañca vasenāti yojetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Suññatadhammassā</span>ti ‘‘dhammā hontī’’tiādinā (dha. sa. 121) suññatavāre āgatasuññatasabhāvassa vasena. <span class="bld">‘‘Kāmañcetthā’’</span>tiādinā pubbe pahīnattā puna pahānaṃ na vattabbanti codanaṃ dasseti, maggacittakkhaṇe vā ekattha pahīnaṃ sabbattha pahīnameva hotīti visuṃ visuṃ na vattabbanti. Tattha purimāya codanāya nānāpuggalaparihāro, pacchimāya nānācittakkhaṇikaparihāro. Lokiyabhāvanāya hi kāye pahīnaṃ na vedanādīsu pahīnaṃ hoti yadipi na pavatteyya, na paṭipakkhabhāvanāya tattha sā abhijjhādomanassassa appavatti hotīti puna tappahānaṃ vattabbamevāti. <span class="bld">Ekattha pahīnaṃ sesesupi pahīnaṃ hotī</span>ti maggasatipaṭṭhānabhāvanaṃ, lokiyabhāvanāya vā sabbattha appavattimattaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. ‘‘Pañcapi khandhā loko’’ti hi vibhaṅge (vibha. 362, 364, 366, 373) catūsupi ṭhānesu vuttanti.</p>
<p class="centered">Uddesavāravaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Kāyānupassanāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">Ānāpānapabbavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para107"></a><a name="para107_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">107</span>. Bāhirakesupi <a name="M1.0348"></a> ito ekadesassa sambhavato sabbappakāraggahaṇaṃ kataṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sabbappakārakāyānupassanānibbattakassā’’</span>ti. Tena ye ime ānāpānapabbādivasena āgatā cuddasappakārā, tadantogadhā ca ajjhattādianupassanā pakārā, tathā <span class="bld">kāyagatāsatisutte</span> (ma. ni. 3.154) vuttā kesādivaṇṇasaṇṭhānakasiṇārammaṇacatukkajjhānappakārā, lokiyādippakārā ca, te sabbepi anavasesato saṅgaṇhāti. Ime ca pakārā imasmiṃyeva sāsane, na ito bahiddhāti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sabbappakāra…pe… paṭisedhano cā’’</span>ti. Tattha <span class="bld">tathābhāvapaṭisedhano</span>ti sabbappakārakāyānupassanānibbattakassa puggalassa aññasāsanassa nissayabhāvapaṭisedhano. Etena ‘‘idha, bhikkhave’’ti ettha idha-saddo antogadhaevasaddatthoti dasseti<a name="V1.0311"></a>. Santi hi ekapadānipi sāvadhāraṇāni yathā ‘‘vāyubhakkho’’ti (dī. ni. ṭī. 2.374). Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘idheva samaṇo’’</span>tiādi. Paripuṇṇasamaṇakaraṇadhammo hi so, yo sabbappakārakāyānupassanānibbattako. <span class="bld">Parappavādā</span>ti paresaṃ aññatitthiyānaṃ nānappakārā vādā titthāyatanāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Araññādikasseva bhāvanānurūpasenāsanataṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘imassa hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Duddamo damathaṃ anupagato goṇo <span class="bld">kūṭagoṇo</span>. Dohanakāle yathā thanehi anavasesato khīraṃ na paggharati, evaṃ dohapaṭibandhinī <span class="bld">kūṭadhenu</span>. Rūpasaddādike paṭicca uppajjanakaassādo <span class="bld">rūpārammaṇādiraso. Pubbe āciṇṇārammaṇa</span>nti pabbajjāto pubbe, anādimati vā saṃsāre paricitārammaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nibandheyyā</span>ti bandheyya. <span class="bld">Satiyā</span>ti sammadeva kammaṭṭhānassa sallakkhaṇavasena pavattāya satiyā. <span class="bld">Ārammaṇe</span>ti kammaṭṭhānārammaṇe. Daḷhanti thiraṃ, yathā satokārissa upacārappanābhedo samādhi ijjhati, tathā thāmagataṃ katvāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Visesādhigamadiṭṭhadhammasukhavihārapadaṭṭhāna</span>nti sabbesaṃ buddhānaṃ, ekaccānaṃ paccekabuddhānaṃ, buddhasāvakānañca visesādhigamassa, aññena kammaṭṭhānena adhigatavisesānaṃ <a name="M1.0349"></a> diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārassa ca padaṭṭhānabhūtaṃ. <span class="bld">Vatthuvijjācariyo viya bhagavā</span> yogīnaṃ anurūpanivāsaṭṭhānupadisanato. <span class="bld">Bhikkhu dīpisadiso</span> araññe ekākī viharitvā paṭipakkhanimmathanena icchitatthasādhanato. <span class="bld">Phalamuttama</span>nti sāmaññaphalaṃ sandhāyāha. <span class="bld">Parakkamajavayoggabhūmi</span>nti bhāvanussāhajavassa yoggakaraṇabhūmibhūtaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Assāsapassāsānaṃ vasena sikkhato</span>ti assāsapassāsānaṃ dīgharassatāpajānana-sabbakāyapaṭisaṃvedana-oḷārikoḷārikapaṭippassambhanavasena bhāvanānuyogaṃ sikkhato, tathābhūto vā hutvā tisso sikkhā pavattayato. <span class="bld">Assāsapassāsanimitte</span>ti assāsapassāsasannissayena upaṭṭhitapaṭibhāganimitte. <span class="bld">Assāsapassāse pariggaṇhāti</span> rūpamukhena vipassanaṃ abhinivisanto, yo ‘‘assāsapassāsakammiko’’ti vutto. <span class="bld">Jhānaṅgāni pariggaṇhāti</span> arūpamukhena vipassanaṃ abhinivisanto. <span class="bld">Vatthu nāma karajakāyo</span> cittacetasikānaṃ pavattiṭṭhānabhāvato. <span class="bld">Añño satto vā puggalo vā natthī</span>ti visuddhadiṭṭhi ‘‘tayidaṃ dhammamattaṃ na ahetukaṃ, nāpi issarādivisamahetukaṃ, atha kho avijjādīhi eva sahetuka’’nti addhattayepi kaṅkhāvitaraṇena <span class="bld">vitiṇṇakaṅkho</span> ‘‘yaṃ kiñci rūpa’’ntiādinā (ma. ni. 1.361; ma. ni. 2.113; ma. ni. 3.86; a. ni. 4.181; paṭi. ma. 1.48) kalāpasammasanavasena <a name="V1.0312"></a> <span class="bld">tilakkhaṇaṃ āropetvā</span> udayabbayānupassanādivasena <span class="bld">vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhento anukkamena</span> maggapaṭipāṭiyā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Parassa vā assāsapassāsakāye</span>ti idaṃ sammasanacāravasenāyaṃ pāḷi pavattāti katvā vuttaṃ, samathavasena pana parassa assāsapassāsakāye appanānimittuppatti eva natthīti. <span class="bld">Idaṃ ubhayaṃ na labbhatī</span>ti ‘‘ajjhattaṃ, bahiddhā’’ti ca vuttaṃ idaṃ dhammadvayaghaṭitaṃ ekato ārammaṇabhāvena na labbhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Samudeti etasmāti samudayo, so eva kāraṇaṭṭhena dhammoti samudayadhammo, assāsapassāsānaṃ pavattihetukarajakāyādi. Tassa anupassanasīlo <span class="bld">samudayadhammānupassī</span>. Taṃ pana samudayadhammaṃ upamāmukhena dassento <span class="bld">‘‘yathā nāmā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">bhasta</span>nti ruttiṃ. <span class="bld">Gaggaranāḷi</span>nti ukkāpanāḷiṃ. <span class="bld">Te</span>ti karajakāyādike. Yathā assāsapassāsakāyo karajakāyādisambandhī phalabhāvena, evaṃ tepi assāsapassāsakāyasambandhino hetubhāvenāti ‘‘samudayadhammā kāyasmi’’nti vattabbataṃ <a name="M1.0350"></a> labhantīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘samudaya…pe… vuccatī’’</span>ti. Pakativācī vā <span class="bld">dhamma</span>-saddo ‘‘jātidhammāna’’ntiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.131; ma. ni. 3.373; paṭi. ma. 1.33) viyāti kāyassa paccayasamavāye uppajjanapakatikānupassī <span class="bld">‘‘samudayadhammānupassī’’</span>ti vutto. Tenāha – ‘‘karajakāyañcā’’tiādi. Evañca katvā <span class="bld">kāyasmi</span>nti bhummavacanañca samatthitaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Vayadhammānupassī</span>ti ettha ahetukattepi vināsassa yesaṃ hetudhammānaṃ abhāve yaṃ na hoti, tadabhāvo tassa abhāvassa hotu viya voharīyatīti upacārato karajakāyādiabhāvo assāsapassāsakāyassa vayakāraṇaṃ vutto. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yathā bhastāyā’’</span>tiādi. Ayaṃ tāvettha paṭhamavikappavasena atthavibhāvanā. Dutiyavikappavasena pana upacārena vināyeva attho veditabbo. Ajjhattabahiddhānupassanā viya bhinnavatthuvisayatāya samudayavayadhammānupassanāpi ekakāle na labbhatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kālena samudayaṃ kālena vayaṃ anupassanto’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Atthi kāyo</span>ti eva-saddo luttaniddiṭṭhoti <span class="bld">‘‘kāyova atthī’’</span>ti vatvā avadhāraṇena nivatthitaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘na satto’’</span>tiādimāha. Tassattho – yo rūpādīsu sattavisattatāya paresañca sajjāpanaṭṭhena, satvaguṇayogato vā <span class="bld">‘‘satto’’</span>ti parehi parikappito. Tassa sattanikāyassa pūraṇato ca cavanupapajjanadhammatāya galanato ca <span class="bld">‘‘puggalo’’</span>ti. Thīyati saṃhaññati ettha gabbhoti <span class="bld">‘‘itthī’’</span>ti. Puri pure bhāge seti pavattatīti <span class="bld">‘‘puriso’’</span>ti. Āhito <a name="V1.0313"></a> ahaṃmāno etthāti <span class="bld">‘‘attā’’</span>ti, attano santakabhāvena <span class="bld">‘‘attaniya’’</span>nti. Paro na hotīti katvā <span class="bld">‘‘aha’’</span>nti, mama santakanti katvā <span class="bld">‘‘mama’’</span>nti. Vuttappakāravinimutto aññoti katvā <span class="bld">‘‘kocī’’</span>ti, tassa santakabhāvena <span class="bld">‘‘kassacī’’</span>ti parikappetabbo koci natthi, kevalaṃ kāyo eva atthīti attattaniyasuññatameva kāyassa vibhāveti. <span class="bld">Eva</span>nti ‘‘kāyova atthī’’tiādinā vuttappakārena. <span class="bld">Ñāṇapamāṇatthāyā</span>ti kāyānupassanāñāṇaparaṃ pamāṇaṃ pāpanatthāya. <span class="bld">Satipamāṇatthāyā</span>ti kāyapariggāhikasatipavattaṃ satiparaṃ pamāṇaṃ pāpanatthāya. Imassa hi vuttanayena ‘‘atthi kāyo’’ti aparāparuppattivasena paccupaṭṭhitā sati bhiyyoso mattāya tattha ñāṇassa satiyā ca paribrūhanāya hoti. Tenāha<span class="bld"> ‘‘satisampajaññānaṃ vaḍḍhatthāyā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Imissā <a name="M1.0351"></a> bhāvanāya taṇhādiṭṭhigāhānaṃ ujupaṭipakkhattā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘taṇhā…pe… viharatī’’</span>ti. Tathābhūto ca loke kiñci ‘‘aha’’nti vā ‘‘mama’’nti vā gahetabbaṃ na passati, kuto gaṇheyya. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘na ca kiñcī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Evampī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">pi</span>-saddo heṭṭhā niddiṭṭhassa tādisassa atthassa abhāvato avuttasamuccayatthoti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘upari atthaṃ upādāyā’’</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">‘‘Eva’’</span>nti pana niddiṭṭhākārassa paccāmasanaṃ nigamanavasena katanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘iminā pana…pe… dassetī’’</span>ti. Pubbabhāgasatipaṭṭhānassa idhādhippetattā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sati dukkhasacca’’</span>nti. Sā pana sati yasmiṃ attabhāve, tassa samuṭṭhāpikā taṇhā tassāpi samuṭṭhāpikā eva nāma hoti tadabhāve abhāvatoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tassā samuṭṭhāpikā purimataṇhā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Appavattī</span>ti appavattinimittaṃ, na pavattati etthāti vā <span class="bld">appavatti</span>. <span class="bld">Catusaccavasenā</span>ti catusaccakammaṭṭhānavasena. <span class="bld">Ussakkitvā</span>ti visuddhiparamparāya āruhitvā, bhāvanaṃ upari netvāti attho. <span class="bld">Niyyānamukha</span>nti vaṭṭadukkhato nissaraṇūpāyo.</p>
<p class="centered">Ānāpānapabbavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Iriyāpathapabbavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para108"></a><a name="para108_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">108</span>. <span class="bld">Iriyāpathavasenā</span>ti iriyanaṃ iriyā, kiriyā, idha pana kāyikapayogo veditabbo. Iriyānaṃ patho pavattimaggoti iriyāpatho, gamanādisarīrāvatthā. Gacchanto vā hi satto kāyena kattabbakiriyaṃ kareyya ṭhito vā nisinno vā nipanno vāti. Tesaṃ vasena, iriyāpathavibhāgenāti <a name="V1.0314"></a> attho. <span class="bld">Puna capara</span>nti puna ca aparaṃ, yathāvuttaānāpānakammaṭṭhānato bhiyyopi aññaṃ kāyānupassanākammaṭṭhānaṃ kathemi, suṇāthāti vā adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Gacchanto vā</span>tiādi gamanādimattajānanassa gamanādigatavisesajānanassa ca sādhāraṇavacanaṃ. Tattha gamanādimattajānanaṃ idha nādhippetaṃ, gamanādigatavisesajānanaṃ pana adhippetanti taṃ vibhajitvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tattha kāma’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sattūpaladdhi</span>nti satto atthīti upaladdhiṃ sattaggāhaṃ <span class="bld">na jahati</span> na pariccajati ‘‘ahaṃ gacchāmi, mama gamana’’nti gāhasabbhāvato. Tato eva <span class="bld">attasaññaṃ</span> ‘‘atthi attā kārako vedako’’ti evaṃ pavattaṃ viparītasaññaṃ na <span class="bld">ugghāṭeti</span> <a name="M1.0352"></a> nāpaneti apaṭipakkhabhāvato, ananabrūhanato vā. Evaṃ bhūtassa cassa kuto kammaṭṭhānādibhāvoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kammaṭṭhānaṃ vā satipaṭṭhānabhāvanā vā na hotī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Imassa panā</span>tiādisukkapakkhassa vuttavipariyāyena attho veditabbo. Tameva hi atthaṃ vivarituṃ <span class="bld">‘‘idaṃ hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">ko gacchatī</span>ti gamanakiriyāya kattupucchā, sā kattubhāvavisiṭṭhaattapaṭikkhepatthā dhammamattasseva gamanasiddhidassanato. <span class="bld">Kassa gamana</span>nti akattutāvisiṭṭhaattaggāhapaṭikkhepatthā. <span class="bld">Kiṃkāraṇā</span>ti pana paṭikkhittakattukāya gamanakiriyāya aviparītakāraṇapucchā ‘‘gamananti attā manasā saṃyujjati, mano indriyehi, indriyāni attehī’’ti evamādigamanakāraṇapaṭikkhepanato. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tatthā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na koci satto vā puggalo vā gacchati</span> dhammamattasseva gamanasiddhito tabbinimuttassa ca kassaci abhāvato. Idāni dhammamattasseva gamanasiddhiṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘cittakiriyavāyodhātuvipphārenā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha cittakiriyā ca sā vāyodhātuyā vipphāro vipphandanañcāti <span class="bld">cittakiriyavāyodhātuvipphāro,</span> tena. Ettha ca cittakiriyaggahaṇena anindriyabaddhavāyodhātuvipphāraṃ nivatteti, vāyodhātuvipphāraggahaṇena cetanāvacīviññattibhedaṃ cittakiriyaṃ nivatteti, ubhayena pana kāyaviññattiṃ vibhāveti. <span class="bld">‘‘Gacchatī’’</span>ti vatvā yathā pavattamāne kāye ‘‘gacchatī’’ti vohāro hoti, taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tasmā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti gantukāmatāvasena pavattacittaṃ. <span class="bld">Vāyaṃ janetī</span>ti vāyodhātuadhikaṃ rūpakalāpaṃ janeti, adhikatā cettha sāmatthiyato, na pamāṇato. Gamanacittasamuṭṭhitaṃ sahajātarūpakāyassa thambhanasandhāraṇacalanānaṃ paccayabhūtena ākāravisesena pavattamānaṃ vāyodhātuṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘vāyo viññattiṃ janetī’’</span>ti. Adhippāyasahabhāvī hi vikāro viññatti, yathāvuttaadhikabhāveneva ca vāyogahaṇaṃ, na vāyodhātuyā eva janakabhāvato, aññathā viññattiyā upādāyarūpabhāvo durupapādo siyā. <span class="bld">Purato abhinīhāro</span> puratobhāgena kāyassa pavattanaṃ, yo ‘‘abhikkamo’’ti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Eseva</span> <a name="V1.0315"></a> <span class="bld">nayo’’</span>ti atidesavasena saṅkhepato vatvā tamevatthaṃ vivarituṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tatrāpi hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Koṭito paṭṭhāyā</span>ti heṭṭhimakoṭito paṭṭhāya. <span class="bld">Ussitabhāvo</span>ti ubbiddhabhāvo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="M1.0353"></a> <span class="bld">pajānato</span>ti evaṃ cittakiriyavāyodhātuvipphāreneva gamanādibhāvo hotīti pajānato tassa evaṃ pajānanāya nicchayagamanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ hotī’’</span>ti vicāraṇā <span class="bld">vucca</span>ti loke yathābhūtaṃ ajānantehi micchābhinivesavasena, lokavohāravasena vā. <span class="bld">Atthi panā</span>ti attano eva vīmaṃsanavasena pucchāvacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Natthī</span>ti nicchayavasena sattassa paṭikkhepavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Yathā panā</span>tiādi tassevatthassa upamāya vibhāvanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nāvā mālutavegenā</span>ti <span class="bld">yathā</span> acetanā nāvā vātavegena desantaraṃ <span class="bld">yāti, yathā</span> ca acetano <span class="bld">tejanaṃ</span> kaṇḍo <span class="bld">jiyāvegena</span> desantaraṃ <span class="bld">yāti,</span> tathā acetano <span class="bld">kāyo vātāhato</span> yathāvuttavāyunā nīto desantaraṃ <span class="bld">yātī</span>ti evaṃ upamāsaṃsandanaṃ veditabbaṃ. Sace pana koci vadeyya ‘‘yathā nāvāya tejanassa ca pellakassa purisassa vasena desantaragamanaṃ, evaṃ kāyassāpī’’ti, hotu, evaṃ icchitovāyamattho. Yathā hi nāvā tejanānaṃ saṃhatalakkhaṇasseva purisassa vasena gamanaṃ, na asaṃhatalakkhaṇassa, evaṃ kāyassāpīti kā no hāni, bhiyyopi dhammamattatāva patiṭṭhaṃ labhati, na purisavādo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yantaṃ suttavasenā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">payutta</span>nti heṭṭhā vuttanayena gamanādikiriyāvasena payojitaṃ. <span class="bld">Ṭhātī</span>ti tiṭṭhati. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti imasmiṃ loke. <span class="bld">Vinā hetupaccaye</span>ti gantukāmatācitta-taṃsamuṭṭhāna-vāyodhātu-ādihetupaccayehi vinā. <span class="bld">Tiṭṭhe</span>ti tiṭṭheyya. <span class="bld">Vaje</span>ti vajeyya gaccheyya ko nāmāti sambandho. Paṭikkhepattho cettha <span class="bld">kiṃ</span>-saddoti hetupaccayavirahena ṭhānagamanapaṭikkhepamukhena sabbāyapi dhammappavattiyā paccayādhīnavuttitāvibhāvanena attasuññatā viya aniccadukkhatāpi vibhāvitāti daṭṭhabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṇihito</span>ti yathā yathā paccayehi pakārato nihito ṭhapito. <span class="bld">Sabbasaṅgāhikavacana</span>nti sabbesaṃ catunnampi iriyāpathānaṃ saṅgaṇhanavacanaṃ, pubbe visuṃ visuṃ iriyāpathānaṃ vuttattā idaṃ tesaṃ ekajjhaṃ gahetvā vacananti attho. Purimanayo vā iriyāpathappadhāno vuttoti tattha kāyo appadhāno anunipphādīti idha kāyaṃ padhānaṃ appadhānañca iriyāpathaṃ anunipphādaṃ katvā dassetuṃ dutiyanayo vuttoti evampettha dvinnaṃ nayānaṃ viseso veditabbo. <span class="bld">Ṭhito</span>ti pavatto.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Iriyāpathapariggaṇhanampi <a name="V1.0316"></a><a name="M1.0354"></a> iriyāpathavato kāyasseva pariggaṇhanaṃ tassa avatthāvisesabhāvatoti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘iriyāpathapariggahaṇena kāye kāyānupassī viharatī’’</span>ti. Tenevettha rūpakkhandhavaseneva samudayādayo uddhaṭā. Esa nayo sesavāresupi. <span class="bld">Ādinā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena yathā ‘‘taṇhāsamudayā kammasamudayā āhārasamudayā’’ti nibbattilakkhaṇaṃ passantopi rupakkhandhassa udayaṃ passatīti ime cattāro āhārā saṅgayhanti, evaṃ ‘‘avijjānirodhā rūpanirodhā’’tiādayopi pañca ākārā saṅgahitāti daṭṭhabbo. Sesaṃ vuttanayameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Iriyāpathapabbavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Catusampajaññapabbavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para109"></a><a name="para109_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">109</span>. <span class="bld">Catusampajaññavasenā</span>ti (dī. ni. ṭī. 1.284; saṃ. ni. 5.368; dī. ni. abhi. ṭī. 2.214) samantato pakārehi, pakaṭṭhaṃ vā savisesaṃ jānātīti sampajāno, sampajānassa bhāvo <span class="bld">sampajaññaṃ,</span> tathāpavattaṃ ñāṇaṃ. Cattāri sampajaññāni samāhaṭāni <span class="bld">catusampajaññaṃ,</span> tassa vasena. Abhikkamanaṃ <span class="bld">abhikkanta</span>nti āha <span class="bld">‘‘abhikkantaṃ vuccati gamana’’</span>nti. Tathā paṭikkamanaṃ <span class="bld">paṭikkanta</span>nti āha <span class="bld">‘‘paṭikkantaṃ vuccati nivattana’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Nivattana</span>nti ca nivattimattaṃ, nivattitvā pana gamanaṃ gamanameva. <span class="bld">Abhiharanto</span>ti gamanavasena kāyaṃ upanento.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sammā pajānanaṃ sampajānaṃ, tena attanā kātabbassa karaṇasīlo <span class="bld">sampajānakārī</span>ti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sampajaññena sabbakiccakārī’’</span>ti. Sampajānasaddassa sampajaññapariyāyatā pubbe vuttāyeva. <span class="bld">Sampajaññaṃ karotevā</span>ti abhikkantādīsu asammohaṃ uppādeti eva. Sampajānassa vā kāro etassa atthīti <span class="bld">sampajānakārī</span>. Dhammato vaḍḍhisaṅkhātena saha atthena pavattatīti sātthakaṃ, abhikkantādi. Sātthakassa sampajānanaṃ <span class="bld">sātthakasampajaññaṃ</span>. Sappāyassa attano upakārāvahassa hitassa sampajānanaṃ <span class="bld">sappāyasampajaññaṃ</span> abhikkamādīsu bhikkhācāragocare, aññatthāpi ca pavattesu avijahite kammaṭṭhānasaṅkhāte gocare sampajaññaṃ <span class="bld">gocarasampajaññaṃ</span>. Abhikkamādīsu asammuyhanameva sampajaññaṃ <span class="bld">asammohasampajaññaṃ</span>. <span class="bld">Pariggaṇhitvā</span>ti paṭisaṅkhāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tasmi</span>nti <a name="V1.0317"></a><a name="M1.0355"></a> sātthakasampajaññavasena pariggahitaatthe. Attho nāma dhammato vaḍḍhīti yaṃ sātthakanti adhippetaṃ gamanaṃ, taṃ sappāyamevāti siyā kassaci āsaṅkāti tannivattanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘cetiyadassanaṃ tāvā’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. <span class="bld">Cittakammarūpakāni viyā</span>ti cittakammakatapaṭimāyo viya, yantapayogena vā vicittakammapaṭimāyo viya. <span class="bld">Asamapekkhanaṃ</span> gehasitaaññāṇupekkhāvasena ārammaṇassa ayoniso gahaṇaṃ. Yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ ‘‘cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā uppajjati upekkhā bālassa mūḷhassa puthujjanassā’’tiādi (ma. ni. 3.308). Hatthiādisammaddena <span class="bld">jīvitantarāyo,</span> visabhāgarūpadassanādinā <span class="bld">brahmacariyantarāyo</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pabbajitadivasato paṭṭhāya bhikkhūnaṃ anuvattanakathā āciṇṇā, ananuvattanakathā pana tassā dutiyā nāma hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘dve kathā nāma na kathitapubbā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Eva</span>nti ‘‘sace panā’’tiādikaṃ sabbampi vuttākāraṃ paccāmasati, na ‘‘purisassa mātugāmāsubha’’ntiādikaṃ vuccamānaṃ. Yogakammassa pavattiṭṭhānatāya bhāvanāya ārammaṇaṃ kammaṭṭhānanti vuccatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kammaṭṭhānasaṅkhātaṃ gocara’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Uggahetvā</span>ti yathā uggahanimittaṃ uppajjati, evaṃ uggahakosallassa sampādanavasena uggahetvā. <span class="bld">Haratī</span>ti kammaṭṭhānaṃ pavatteti, yāva piṇḍapātapaṭikkamā anuyuñjatīti attho. <span class="bld">Na</span> <span class="bld">paccāharatī</span>ti āhārūpabhogato yāva divāṭṭhānupasaṅkamanā kammaṭṭhānaṃ na paṭineti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sarīraparikamma</span>nti mukhadhovanādisarīrapaṭijagganaṃ. <span class="bld">Dve tayo pallaṅke</span>ti dve tayo nisajjāvāre, dve tīṇi uṇhāsanāni. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘usumaṃ gāhāpento’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Kammaṭṭhānasīsenevā</span>ti kammaṭṭhānaggeneva, kammaṭṭhānaṃ padhānaṃ katvā evāti attho. Tena ‘‘pattopi acetano’’tiādinā (ma. ni. aṭṭha. 1.109) vakkhamānaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ, yathāparihariyamānaṃ vā avijahitvāti dasseti. ‘‘Paribhogacetiyato sarīracetiyaṃ garutara’’nti katvā <span class="bld">‘‘cetiyaṃ vanditvā’’</span>ti pubbakālakiriyāvasena vuttaṃ. Tathā hi <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> (vibha. aṭṭha. 809; ma. ni. aṭṭha. 3.128; a. ni. aṭṭha. 1.1.275) ‘‘cetiyaṃ bādhayamānā bodhisākhā haritabbā’’ti vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Janasaṅgahattha</span>nti <a name="M1.0356"></a> ‘‘mayi akathente etesaṃ ko kathessatī’’ti dhammānuggahena janasaṅgahatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti. Yasmā ‘‘dhammakathā nāma kathetabbāyevā’’ti <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathācariyā</span> vadanti, yasmā ca dhammakathā kammaṭṭhānavinimuttā nāma natthi, tasmā. <span class="bld">Anumodanaṃ katvā</span>ti etthāpi ‘‘kammaṭṭhānasīsenevā’’ti <a name="V1.0318"></a> ānetvā sambandho. <span class="bld">Sampattaparicchedenevā</span>ti ‘‘paricito aparicito’’tiādivibhāgaṃ akatvā sampattakoṭiyāva. <span class="bld">Bhaye</span>ti paracakkādibhaye.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kammajatejo</span>ti gahaṇiṃ sandhāyāha. <span class="bld">Kammaṭṭhānavīthiṃ nārohati</span> khudāparissamena kilantakāyattā samādhānābhāvato. <span class="bld">Avasesaṭṭhāne</span>ti yāguyā aggahitaṭṭhāne. <span class="bld">Poṅkhānupoṅkha</span>nti kammaṭṭhānupaṭṭhānassa avicchedadassanavacanametaṃ, yathā poṅkhānupoṅkhapavattāya sarapaṭipāṭiyā avicchedo, evametassāpīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nikkhittadhuro</span> bhāvanānuyoge. Vattapaṭipattiyā apūraṇena <span class="bld">sabbavatthāni bhinditvā</span>. ‘‘Kāme avītarāgo hoti, kāye avītarāgo, rūpe avītarāgo, yāvadatthaṃ udarāvadehakaṃ bhuñjitvā seyyasukhaṃ passasukhaṃ middhasukhaṃ anuyutto viharati, aññataraṃ devanikāyaṃ paṇidhāya brahmacariyaṃ caratī’’ti (dī. ni. 3.320; ma. ni. 1.186) evaṃ vutta <span class="bld">pañcavidhacetokhilavinibandhacitto. Caritvā</span>ti pavattitvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Attakāmā</span>ti attano hitasukhaṃ icchantā, dhammacchandavantoti attho. Dhammoti hi hitaṃ, tannimittakañca sukhanti. Atha vā viññūnaṃ nibbisesattā attabhāvapariyāpannattā ca attā nāma dhammo, taṃ kāmenti icchantīti attakāmā. <span class="bld">Usabhaṃ</span> nāma vīsati yaṭṭhiyo. <span class="bld">Tāya saññāyā</span>ti tāya pāsāṇasaññāya, ettakaṃ ṭhānaṃ āgatāti jānantāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Soyeva nayo</span>ti ‘‘ayaṃ bhikkhū’’tiādiko yo ṭhāne vutto, so eva nisajjāyapi nayo. Pacchato āgacchantānaṃ chinnabhattabhāvabhayenapi yonisomanasikāraṃ paribrūheti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bahāpadhānaṃ pūjessāmī</span>ti amhākaṃ atthāya lokanāthena cha vassāni kataṃ dukkaracariyaṃ evāhaṃ yathāsatti pūjessāmīti. Paṭipattipūjā hi <a name="M1.0357"></a> satthupūjā, na āmisapūjā. <span class="bld">Ṭhānacaṅkamanamevā</span>ti adhiṭṭhātabbairiyāpathavasena vuttaṃ, na bhojanādikālesu avassaṃ kattabbanisajjāya paṭikkhepavasena.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vīthiṃ otaritvā ito cito ca anoloketvā paṭhamameva vīthiyo sallakkhetabbāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vīthiyo sallakkhetvā’’</span>ti. Yaṃ sandhāya vuccati ‘‘pāsādikena abhikkantenā’’ti, taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tattha cā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paccekabodhiṃ <a name="V1.0319"></a> sacchikaroti, yadi upanissayasampanno hotīti sambandho. Evaṃ sabbattha ito paresupi. Tattha paccekabodhiyā upanissayasampadā kappānaṃ dve asaṅkhyeyyāni satasahassañca tajjaṃ puññañāṇasambharaṇaṃ, sāvakabodhiyaṃ aggasāvakānaṃ ekaṃ asaṅkhyeyyaṃ kappasatasahassañca, mahāsāvakānaṃ kappasatasahassameva, itaresaṃ atītāsu jātīsu vivaṭṭasannissayavasena nibbattitaṃ nibbedhabhāgiyaṃ kusalaṃ. <span class="bld">Bāhiyo dārucīriyo</span>ti bahi visaye sañjātasaṃvaḍḍhatāya bāhiyo, dārucīrapariharaṇena dārucīriyoti ca samaññāto. So hi āyasmā –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Tasmā tiha te, bāhiya, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ ‘diṭṭhe diṭṭhamattaṃ bhavissati, sute… mute… viññāte viññātamattaṃ bhavissatī’ti. Yato kho te, bāhiya, diṭṭhe diṭṭhamattaṃ bhavissati, sute… mute… viññāte viññātamattaṃ bhavissati, tato tvaṃ, bāhiya, na tena. Yato tvaṃ, bāhiya, na tena, tato tvaṃ, bāhiya, na tattha. Yato tvaṃ, bāhiya, na tattha, tato tvaṃ, bāhiya, nevidha na huraṃ na ubhayamantarena, esevanto dukkhassā’’ti (udā. 10) – ettakāya desanāya arahattaṃ sacchākāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ta</span>nti asammuyhanaṃ. <span class="bld">Eva</span>nti idāni vuccamānākārena veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Attā abhikkamatī</span>ti iminā andhaputhujjanassa diṭṭhiggāhavasena abhikkame sammuyhanaṃ dasseti, ahaṃ <span class="bld">abhikkamāmī</span>ti pana iminā mānaggāhavasena, tadubhayaṃ pana taṇhāya vinā na hotīti taṇhāggāhavasenapi sammuyhanaṃ dassitameva hoti. <span class="bld">‘‘Tathā asammuyhanto’’</span>ti vatvā taṃ asammuyhanaṃ <a name="M1.0358"></a> yena ghanavinibbhogena hoti, taṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘abhikkamāmī’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha yasmā vāyodhātuyā anugatā tejodhātu uddharaṇassa paccayo. Uddharaṇagatikā hi tejodhātūti uddharaṇe vāyodhātuyā tassā anugatabhāvo, tasmā imāsaṃ dvinnamettha sāmatthiyato adhimattatā, itarāsañca omattatāti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘ekeka…pe… balavatiyo’’</span>ti āha. Yasmā pana tejodhātuyā anugatā vāyodhātu atiharaṇavītiharaṇānaṃ paccayo. Tiriyagatikāya hi vāyodhātuyā atiharaṇavītiharaṇesu sātisayo byāpāroti tejodhātuyā tassā anugatabhāvo, tasmā imāsaṃ dvinnamettha sāmatthiyato adhimattatā, itarāsañca omattatāti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘tathā atiharaṇavītiharaṇesū’’</span>ti āha. Satipi anugamanānugantabbatāvisese tejodhātu-vāyodhātu-bhāvamattaṃ sandhāya <span class="bld">tathā</span>-saddaggahaṇaṃ. Tattha akkantaṭṭhānato pādassa ukkhipanaṃ <span class="bld">uddharaṇaṃ,</span> ṭhitaṭṭhānaṃ atikkamitvā purato haraṇaṃ <span class="bld">atiharaṇaṃ</span> khāṇuādipariharaṇatthaṃ, patiṭṭhitapādaghaṭṭanapariharaṇatthaṃ vā passena <a name="V1.0320"></a> haraṇaṃ <span class="bld">vītiharaṇaṃ,</span> yāva patiṭṭhitapādo, tāva āharaṇaṃ <span class="bld">atiharaṇaṃ,</span> tato paraṃ haraṇaṃ <span class="bld">vītiharaṇa</span>nti ayaṃ vā etesaṃ viseso.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā pathavīdhātuyā anugatā āpodhātu vossajjanassa paccayo. Garutarasabhāvā hi āpodhātūti vossajjane pathavīdhātuyā tassā anugatabhāvo, tasmā tāsaṃ dvinnamettha sāmatthiyato adhimattatā, itarāsañca omattatāti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘vossajjane…pe… balavatiyo’’</span>ti. Yasmā pana āpodhātuyā anugatā pathavīdhātu sannikkhepanassa paccayo, patiṭṭhābhāve viya patiṭṭhāpanepi tassā sātisayakiccattā āpodhātuyā tassā anugatabhāvo, tathā ghaṭṭanakiriyāya pathavīdhātuyā vasena sannirumbhanassa sijjhanato tatthāpi pathavīdhātuyā āpodhātuanugatabhāvo, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tathā sannikkhepanasannirumbhanesū’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti tasmiṃ abhikkamane, tesu vā vuttesu uddharaṇādīsu chasu koṭṭhāsesu. <span class="bld">Uddharaṇe</span>ti uddharaṇakkhaṇe. <span class="bld">Rūpārūpadhammā</span>ti uddharaṇākārena pavattā rūpadhammā, taṃsamuṭṭhāpakā arūpadhammā ca <span class="bld">atiharaṇaṃ na pāpuṇanti</span> khaṇamattāvaṭṭhānato. <span class="bld">Tattha tatthevā</span>ti yattha yattha uppannā, tattha tattheva. Na hi dhammānaṃ <a name="M1.0359"></a> desantarasaṅkamanaṃ atthi. <span class="bld">Pabbaṃ pabba</span>ntiādi uddharaṇādikoṭṭhāse sandhāya vuttaṃ, taṃ sabhāgasantativasena vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Atiittaro hi rūpadhammānampi pavattikkhaṇo gamanassādānaṃ devaputtānaṃ heṭṭhupariyena paṭimukhaṃ dhāvantānaṃ sirasi pāde ca baddhadhuradhārāsamāgamatopi sīghataro. Yathā tilānaṃ bhajjiyamānānaṃ paṭapaṭāyanena bhedo lakkhīyati, evaṃ saṅkhatadhammānaṃ uppādenāti dassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘paṭapaṭāyantā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Uppannā hi ekantato bhijjantīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saddhiṃ rūpenā</span>ti idaṃ tassa tassa cittassa nirodhena saddhiṃ nirujjhanakarūpadhammānaṃ vasena vuttaṃ, yaṃ tato sattarasamacittassa uppādakkhaṇe uppannaṃ. Aññathā yadi rūpārūpadhammā samānakkhaṇā siyuṃ, ‘‘rūpaṃ garupariṇāmaṃ dandhanirodha’’ntiādivacanehi (vibha. aṭṭha. 26) virodho siyā, tathā ‘‘nāhaṃ, bhikkhave, aññaṃ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi, yaṃ evaṃ lahuparivattaṃ, yathayidaṃ citta’’nti evamādipāḷiyā (a. ni. 1.48). Cittacetasikā hi sārammaṇasabhāvā yathābalaṃ attano ārammaṇapaccayabhūtamatthaṃ vibhāvento eva uppajjantīti tesaṃ taṃsabhāvanipphattianantaraṃ nirodho, rūpadhammā pana anārammaṇā pakāsetabbā, evaṃ tesaṃ pakāsetabbabhāvanivatti soḷasahi cittehi hotīti taṅkhaṇāyukatā tesaṃ icchitā, lahuviññāṇavisayasaṅgatimattapaccayatāya tiṇṇaṃ khandhānaṃ, visayasaṅgatimattatāya ca viññāṇassa lahuparivattitā, dandhamahābhūtapaccayatāya rūpadhammānaṃ dandhaparivattitā, nānādhātuyā yathābhūtañāṇaṃ kho <a name="V1.0321"></a> pana tathāgatasseva, tena ca purejātapaccayo rūpadhammova vutto, pacchājātapaccayo ca tassevāti rūpārūpadhammānaṃ samānakkhaṇatā na yujjateva, tasmā vuttanayenevettha attho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aññaṃ uppajjate cittaṃ,</span> <span class="bld">aññaṃ cittaṃ nirujjhatī</span>ti yaṃ purimuppannaṃ cittaṃ, taṃ aññaṃ, taṃ pana nirujjhantaṃ aparassa anantarādipaccayabhāveneva nirujjhatīti tato laddhapaccayaṃ aññaṃ uppajjate cittaṃ. Yadi evaṃ tesaṃ antaro labbheyyāti noti āha <span class="bld">‘‘avīcimanusambandho’’</span>ti, yathā vīci antaro na labbhati, tadevetanti avisesavidu maññanti, evaṃ anu anu sambandho cittasantāno rūpasantāno ca <span class="bld">nadīsotova</span> nadiyaṃ udakappavāho viya vattati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Abhimukhaṃ</span> <a name="M1.0360"></a> <span class="bld">lokitaṃ ālokita</span>nti āha <span class="bld">‘‘puratopekkhana’’</span>nti. Yasmā yaṃdisābhimukho gacchati tiṭṭhati nisīdati vā, tadabhimukhaṃ pekkhanaṃ ālokitaṃ, tasmā tadanugataṃ vidisālokanaṃ vilokitanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vilokitaṃ nāma anudisāpekkhana’’</span>nti. Sammajjanaparibhaṇḍādikaraṇe olokitassa, ullokaharaṇādīsu ullokitassa, pacchato āgacchantaparissayassa parivajjanādīsu apalokitassa siyā sambhavoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘iminā vā mukhena sabbānipi tāni gahitānevā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāyasakkhi</span>nti kāyena sacchikatavantaṃ, paccakkhakārinanti attho. So hi āyasmā vipassanākāle eva ‘‘yamevāhaṃ indriyesu aguttadvārataṃ nissāya sāsane anabhiratiādivippakāraṃ patto, tameva suṭṭhu niggaṇhissāmī’’ti ussāhajāto balavahirottappo, tattha ca katādhikārattā indriyasaṃvare ukkaṃsapāramippatto, teneva naṃ satthā ‘‘etadaggaṃ, bhikkhave, mama sāvakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ indriyesu guttadvārānaṃ yadidaṃ nando’’ti (a. ni. 1.235) etadagge ṭhapesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sātthakatā ca sappāyatā ca</span> ālokitavilokitassa <span class="bld">veditabbā. Tasmā</span>ti ‘‘kammaṭṭhānāvijahanasseva gocarasampajaññabhāvato’’ti vuttamevatthaṃ hetubhāvena paccāmasati. <span class="bld">Attano kammaṭṭhānavaseneva ālokanavilokanaṃ kātabbaṃ,</span> khandhādikammaṭṭhānā añño upāyo na gavesitabboti adhippāyo. Ālokitādisamaññāpi yasmā dhammamattasseva pavattiviseso, tasmā tassa yāthāvato jānanaṃ asammohasampajaññanti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘abbhantare’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Paṭhamajavanepi</span> <a name="V1.0322"></a> <span class="bld">…pe… na hotī’’</span>ti idaṃ pañcadvāraviññāṇavīthiyaṃ ‘‘itthī puriso’’ti rajjanādīnaṃ abhāvaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Tattha hi āvajjanavoṭṭhabbanānaṃ ayoniso āvajjanavoṭṭhabbanavasena iṭṭhe itthirūpādimhi lobho, aniṭṭhe ca paṭigho uppajjati, manodvāre pana ‘‘itthī puriso’’ti rajjanādi hoti, tassa pañcadvārajavanaṃ mūlaṃ, yathāvuttaṃ vā sabbaṃ bhavaṅgādi, evaṃ manodvārajavanassa mūlavasena mūlapariññā vuttā. Āgantukatāvakālikatā pana pañcadvārajavanasseva apubbabhāvavasena ittarabhāvavasena ca vuttā. <span class="bld">Heṭṭhupariyavasena bhijjitvā patitesū</span>ti heṭṭhimassa uparimassa <a name="M1.0361"></a> ca aparāparaṃ bhaṅgappattimāha. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti javanaṃ. Tassa na yuttanti sambandho. <span class="bld">Āgantuko</span> abbhāgato. Udayabbayaparicchinno tāvatako kālo etesanti <span class="bld">tāvakālikāni</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Etaṃ</span> asammohasampajaññaṃ. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti pañcakkhandhavasena ālokanavilokane paññāyamāne tabbinimutto <span class="bld">ko eko āloketi, ko viloketi. Upanissayapaccayo</span>ti idaṃ suttantanayena pariyāyato vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sahajātapaccayo</span>ti nidassanamattametaṃ aññamañña-sampayutta-atthiavigatādipaccayānampi labbhanato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Maṇisappo nāma</span> ekā sappajātīti vadanti. <span class="bld">Laḷana</span>nti kampananti vadanti, līḷākaraṇaṃ vā laḷanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uṇhapakatiko</span> pariḷāhabahulo. Sīlassa vidūsanena ahitāvahattā <span class="bld">micchājīvavasena uppannaṃ asappāyaṃ</span>. <span class="bld">Cīvarampi acetana</span>ntiādinā cīvarassa viya <span class="bld">‘‘kāyopi acetano’’</span>ti kāyassa attasuññatāvibhāvanena <span class="bld">‘‘abbhantare’’</span>tiādinā vuttamevatthaṃ vibhāvento itarītarasantosassa kāraṇaṃ dasseti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tasmā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Catupañcagaṇṭhikāhato</span>ti āhatacatupañcagaṇṭhiko, catupañcagaṇṭhikāhi vā hatasobho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aṭṭhavidhopi attho</span>ti aṭṭhavidhopi payojanaviseso. Pathavīsandhārakajalassa taṃsandhārakavāyunā viya paribhuttassa āhārassa vāyodhātunāva āsaye avaṭṭhānanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vāyodhātuvaseneva tiṭṭhatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Atiharatī</span>ti yāva mukhā abhiharati. <span class="bld">Vītiharatī</span>ti tato yāva kucchi, tāva harati. <span class="bld">Atiharatī</span>ti vā mukhadvāraṃ atikkāmento harati. <span class="bld">Vītiharatī</span>ti kucchigataṃ passato harati. <span class="bld">Parivattetī</span>ti aparāparaṃ cāreti. Ettha ca āhārassa dhāraṇaparivattanasaṃcuṇṇanavisosanāni pathavīdhātusahitā eva vāyodhātu karoti, na kevalāti tāni <a name="V1.0323"></a> pathavīdhātuyāpi kiccabhāvena vuttāni. <span class="bld">Allattañca anupāletī</span>ti vāyuādīhi atisosanaṃ yathā na hoti, tathā anupāleti allaādīhi atisosanaṃ yathā na hoti, tathā anupāleti allabhāvaṃ. <span class="bld">Tejodhātū</span>ti gahaṇīsaṅkhātā tejodhātu. Sā hi anto paviṭṭhaṃ āhāraṃ paripāceti. <span class="bld">Añjaso hotī</span>ti āhārassa pavesanādīnaṃ maggo hoti. <span class="bld">Ābhujatī</span>ti pariyesanajjhoharaṇajiṇṇājiṇṇatādiṃ āvajjeti, vijānātīti attho. Taṃtaṃvijānananipphādakoyeva hi <a name="M1.0362"></a> payogo ‘‘sammāpayogo’’ti vutto. Yena hi payogena pariyesanādi nipphajjati, so tabbisayavijānanampi nipphādeti nāma tadavinābhāvato. Atha vā <span class="bld">sammāpayogaṃ</span> sammāpaṭipattiṃ <span class="bld">anvāya</span> āgamma <span class="bld">ābhuja</span>ti samannāharati. Ābhogapubbako hi sabbopi viññāṇabyāpāroti tathā vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gamanato</span>ti bhikkhācāravasena gocaragāmaṃ uddissa gamanato. <span class="bld">Pariyesanato</span>ti gocaragāme bhikkhatthaṃ āhiṇḍanato. <span class="bld">Paribhogato</span>ti āhārassa paribhuñjanato. <span class="bld">Āsayato</span>ti pittādiāsayato. Āsayati ettha ekajjhaṃ pavattamānopi kammabalavatthito hutvā mariyādavasena aññamaññaṃ asaṅkarato sayati tiṭṭhati pavattatīti <span class="bld">āsayo,</span> āmāsayassa upari tiṭṭhanako pittādiko. Mariyādattho hi ayamākāro. Nidheti yathābhutto āhāro nicito hutvā tiṭṭhati etthāti nidhānaṃ, āmāsayo. Tato <span class="bld">nidhānato</span>. <span class="bld">Aparipakkato</span>ti gahaṇīsaṅkhātena kammajatejena avipakkato. <span class="bld">Paripakkato</span>ti yathābhuttassa āhārassa vipakkabhāvato. <span class="bld">Phalato</span>ti nipphattito. <span class="bld">Nissandato</span>ti ito cito ca vissandanato. <span class="bld">Sammakkhanato</span>ti sabbaso makkhanato. Ayamettha saṅkhepo, vitthāro pana <span class="bld">visuddhimaggasaṃvaṇṇanāya</span> (visuddhi. mahāṭī. 1.294) gahetabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aññe ca rogā</span> kaṇṇasūlabhagandarādayo. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhāne</span>ti manussāmanussapariggahite ayutte ṭhāne khettadevāyatanādike. Nissaṭṭhattā <span class="bld">neva attano</span> kassaci anissajjitattā jigucchanīyattā ca <span class="bld">na parassa</span>. <span class="bld">Udakatumbato</span>ti veḷunāḷiādiudakabhājanato. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti chaḍḍitaudakaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Addhānairiyāpathā</span> cirappavattikā dīghakālikā iriyāpathā. <span class="bld">Majjhimā</span> bhikkhācaraṇādivasena pavattā. <span class="bld">Cuṇṇikairiyāpathā</span> vihāre aññatthāpi ito cito ca parivattanādivasena pavattāti vadanti. ‘‘Gateti gamane’’ti pubbe abhikkamapaṭikkamaggahaṇena gamanenapi purato pacchato ca kāyassa atiharaṇaṃ vuttanti idha gamanameva gahitanti keci.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā <a name="V1.0324"></a><a name="M1.0363"></a> mahāsīvattheravāde anantare anantare iriyāpathe pavattarūpārūpadhammānaṃ tattha tattheva nirodhadassanavasena sampajānakāritā gahitā, idañcettha sampajaññavipassanācāravasena āgataṃ, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tayidaṃ mahāsīvattherena vuttaṃ asammohadhuraṃ imasmiṃ satipaṭṭhānabhutte adhippeta’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Sāmaññaphale</span> (dī. ni. 1.214; dī. ni. aṭṭha. 1.214; dī. ni. ṭī. 1.214) <span class="bld">pana sabbampi catubbidhaṃ sampajaññaṃ labbhati</span> yāvadeva sāmaññaphalavisesadassanaparattā tassā desanāya. <span class="bld">Satisampayuttassevā</span>ti idaṃ yathā sampajaññakiccassa padhānatā, evaṃ satikiccassāpīti dassanatthaṃ, na satiyā sabbhāvamattadassanatthaṃ. Na hi kadāci satirahitā ñāṇappavatti atthi. <span class="bld">Etāni padānī</span>ti sampajaññapadāni. <span class="bld">Vibhattānevā</span>ti visuṃ vibhattāneva. Imināpi sampajaññassa viya satiyāpi padhānataṃyeva vibhāveti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparo nayo – eko bhikkhu gacchanto aññaṃ cintento aññaṃ vitakkento gacchati, eko kammaṭṭhānaṃ avissajjetvāva gacchati, tathā eko tiṭṭhanto nisīdanto sayanto aññaṃ cintento aññaṃ vitakkento sayati, eko kammaṭṭhānaṃ avissajjetvāva sayati, etthakena pana na pākaṭaṃ hotīti caṅkamanena dīpenti. Yo hi bhikkhu caṅkamanaṃ otaritvā caṅkamanakoṭiyaṃ ṭhito pariggaṇhāti ‘‘pācīnacaṅkamanakoṭiyaṃ pavattā rūpārūpadhammā pacchimacaṅkamanakoṭiṃ appatvā ettheva niruddhā, pacchimacaṅkamanakoṭiyaṃ pavattāpi pācīnacaṅkamanakoṭiṃ appatvā ettheva niruddā, caṅkamanamajjhe pavattā ubho koṭiyo appatvā ettheva niruddhā, caṅkame pavattā rūpārūpadhammā ṭhānaṃ appatvā ettheva niruddhā, ṭhāne pavattā nisajjaṃ, nisajjāya pavattā sayanaṃ appatvā etthevaniruddhā’’ti, evaṃ pariggaṇhanto pariggaṇhantoyeva cittaṃ bhavaṅgaṃ otāreti, uṭṭhahanto kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvāva uṭṭhahati, ayaṃ bhikkhu <span class="bld">gatādīsu sampajānakārī</span> nāma hoti, evampi sutte kammaṭṭhānaṃ avibhūtaṃ hoti, tasmā yo bhikkhu yāva sakkoti, tāva caṅkamitvā ṭhatvā nisīditvā sayamāno evaṃ pariggahetvā sayati ‘‘kāyo acetano, mañco acetano, kāyo na jānāti ‘‘ahaṃ mañce sayito’ti, mañco na jānāti ‘‘mayi kāyo sayito’’ti, acetano kāyo acetane mañce sayito’’ti, evaṃ pariggaṇhantoyeva cittaṃ bhavaṅgaṃ otāreti, pabujjhanto kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvāva pabujjhati, ayaṃ <span class="bld">sutte sampajānakārī</span> nāma hotīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāyādikiriyānibbattanena <a name="M1.0364"></a> tammayattā āvajjanakiriyāsamuṭṭhitattā ca javanaṃ, sabbampi vā chadvārappavattaṃ kiriyāmayapavattaṃ nāma, tasmiṃ sati jāgaritaṃ nāma hotīti pariggaṇhanto <span class="bld">jāgarite sampajānakārī</span> nāma. Apica rattindivaṃ cha koṭṭhāse katvā pañca koṭṭhāse jaggantopi <span class="bld">jāgarite sampajānakārī</span> nāma hoti. Vimuttāyatanasīsena dhammaṃ desentopi bāttiṃsatiracchānakathaṃ <a name="V1.0325"></a> pahāya dasakathāvatthunissitaṃ sappāyakathaṃ kathentopi <span class="bld">bhāsite sampajānakārī</span> nāma. Aṭṭhatiṃsāya ārammaṇesu cittaruciyaṃ manasikāraṃ pavattentopi dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ samāpannopi <span class="bld">tuṇhībhāve sampajānakārī</span> nāma. Dutiyañhi jhānaṃ vacīsaṅkhāravirahato visesato tuṇhībhāvo nāma. Rūpadhammasseva pavattiākāravisesā abhikkamādayoti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘rūpakkhandhasseva samudayo ca vayo ca nīharitabbo’’</span>ti. Sesaṃ vuttanayameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Catusampajaññapabbavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Paṭikūlamanasikārapabbavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para110"></a><a name="para110_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">110</span>. <span class="bld">Paṭikūlamanasikāravasenā</span>ti (dī. ni. ṭī. 2.377) jigucchanīyatāya. Paṭikūlameva paṭikūlaṃ yo paṭikūlasabhāvo paṭikūlākāro, tassa manasikaraṇavasena. Antarenapi hi bhāvavācinaṃ saddaṃ bhāvattho viññāyati yathā ‘‘paṭassa sukka’’nti. Yasmā <span class="bld">visuddhimagge</span> (visuddhi. 1.182-183) vuttaṃ, tasmā tattha taṃsaṃvaṇṇanāyañca vuttanayena veditabbaṃ. Vatthādīhi pasibbakākārena bandhitvā kataṃ āvaṭanaṃ <span class="bld">putoḷi. Vibhūtākāro</span>ti paṇṇattiṃ samatikkamitvā asubhabhāvassa upaṭṭhitākāro. Iti-saddassa ākāratthataṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘eva’’</span>nti vatvā taṃ kāraṇaṃ sarūpato dassento <span class="bld">‘‘kesādipariggahaṇenā’’</span>ti āha.</p>
<p class="centered">Paṭikūlamanasikārapabbavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Dhātumanasikārapabbavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para111"></a><a name="para111_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">111</span>. <span class="bld">Dhātumanasikāravasenā</span>ti pathavīdhātuādikā catasso dhātuyo ārabbha pavattabhāvanāmanasikāravasena, catudhātuvavatthānavasenāti attho. Dhātumanasikāro dhātukammaṭṭhānaṃ catudhātuvavatthānanti hi atthato ekaṃ. <span class="bld">Goghātako</span>ti jīvikatthāya gunnaṃ ghātako. <span class="bld">Antevāsiko</span>ti <a name="M1.0365"></a> kammakaraṇavasena tassa samīpavāsī. <span class="bld">Ṭhita</span>-saddo ‘‘ṭhito vā’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 1.263; a. ni. 5.28) ṭhānasaṅkhātairiyāpathasamaṅgitāya, <span class="bld">ṭhā</span>-saddassa vā gativinivattiatthatāya aññattha ṭhapetvā gamanaṃ sesairiyāpathasamaṅgitāya bodhako, idha pana yathā tathā rūpakāyassa pavattiākārabodhako adhippetoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘catunnaṃ iriyāpathānaṃ yena kenaci ākārena ṭhitattā yathāṭhita’’</span>nti. Tattha <span class="bld">ākārenā</span>ti ṭhānādinā rūpakāyassa pavattiākārena. Ṭhānādayo <a name="V1.0326"></a> hi iriyāpathasaṅkhātāya kāyikakiriyāya patho pavattimaggoti ‘‘iriyāpatho’’ti vuccanti. <span class="bld">Yathāṭhita</span>nti yathāpavattaṃ. Yathāvuttaṭṭhānamevettha ‘‘paṇidhāna’’nti adhippetanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yathāṭhitattā ca yathāpaṇihita’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Ṭhita</span>nti vā kāyassa ṭhānasaṅkhātairiyāpathasamāyogaparidīpanaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṇihita</span>nti tadaññairiyāpathasamāyogaparidīpanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ṭhita</span>nti vā kāyasaṅkhātānaṃ rūpadhammānaṃ tasmiṃ tasmiṃ khaṇe sakiccavasena avaṭṭhānaparidīpanaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṇihita</span>nti paccayakiccavasena tehi tehi paccayehi pakārato nihitaṃ paṇihitanti evampettha attho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Paccavekkhatī</span>ti pati pati avekkhati, ñāṇacakkhunā vinibbhujitvā visuṃ visuṃ passati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni vuttamevatthaṃ bhāvatthavibhāvanavasena dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yathā goghātakassā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">posentassā</span>ti maṃsūpacayaparibrūhanāya kuṇḍakabhattakappāsaṭṭhiādīhi saṃvaḍḍhentassa. <span class="bld">Vadhitaṃ mata</span>nti hiṃsitaṃ hutvā mataṃ. <span class="bld">Mata</span>nti ca matamattaṃ. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘tāvadevā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Gāvīti saññā na antaradhāyati</span> yāni aṅgapaccaṅgāni yathāsanniviṭṭhāni upādāya gāvīsamaññā matamattāyapi gāviyā, tesaṃ taṃsannivesassa avinaṭṭhattā. Vilīyanti bhijjanti vibhujjantīti <span class="bld">bīlā</span> bhāgā va-kārassa ba-kāraṃ, i-kārassa ī-kāraṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Bīlaso</span>ti bīlaṃ bīlaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Vibhajitvā</span>ti aṭṭhisaṅghāṭato maṃsaṃ vivecetvā, tato vā vivecitamaṃsaṃ bhāgaso katvā. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘maṃsasaññā pavattatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Pabbajitassa</span>pi apariggahitakammaṭṭhānassa. <span class="bld">Ghanavinibbhoga</span>nti santatisamūhakiccaghanānaṃ vinibbhujanaṃ vivecanaṃ. <span class="bld">Dhātuso paccavekkhato</span>ti ghanavinibbhogakaraṇena dhātuṃ dhātuṃ pathavīādidhātuṃ visuṃ visuṃ katvā paccavekkhantassa. <span class="bld">Sattasaññā</span>ti attānudiṭṭhivasena pavattā saññāti vadanti, vohāravasena pavattasattasaññāyapi <a name="M1.0366"></a> tadā antaradhānaṃ yuttameva yāthāvato ghanavinibbhogassa sampādanato. Evañhi sati yathāvuttaopammatthena upameyyattho aññadatthu saṃsandati sameti. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘dhātuvaseneva cittaṃ santiṭṭhatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Dakkho</span>ti cheko taṃtaṃsamaññāya kusalo, yathājāte sūnasmiṃ naṅguṭṭhakhuravisāṇādivante aṭṭhimaṃsādiavayavasamudāye avibhatte gāvīsamaññā, na vibhatte, vibhatte pana aṭṭiṃmaṃsādiavayavasamaññāti jānanako. <span class="bld">Catumahāpatho viya catuiriyāpatho</span>ti gāviyā ṭhitacatumahāpatho viya kāyassa pavattimaggabhūto catubbidho iriyāpatho. Yasmā <span class="bld">visuddhimagge</span> (visuddhi. 1.306) <span class="bld">vitthāritā,</span> tasmā tattha <span class="bld">taṃsaṃvaṇṇanāya</span>ñca (visuddhi. mahāṭī. 1.306) vuttanayeneva veditabbā.</p>
<p class="centered">Dhātumanasikārapabbavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Navasivathikapabbavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para112"></a><a name="para112_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">112</span>. Sivathikāya <a name="V1.0327"></a> apaviddhauddhumātakādipaṭisaṃyuttānaṃ odhiso pavattānaṃ kathānaṃ tadabhidheyyānañca uddhumātakādiasubhabhāgānaṃ sivathikapabbānīti saṅgītikārehi gahitasamaññā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sivathikapabbehi vibhajitu’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Uddhaṃ jīvitapariyādānā</span>ti jīvitakkhayato upari maraṇato paraṃ. <span class="bld">Samuggatenā</span>ti uṭṭhitena. <span class="bld">Uddhumātattā</span>ti uddhaṃ uddhaṃ dhumātattā sūnattā. Setarattehi viparibhinnaṃ vimissitaṃ nīlaṃ vinīlaṃ, purimavaṇṇavipariṇāmabhūtaṃ vā nīlaṃvinīlaṃ, vinīlameva <span class="bld">vinīlaka</span>nti ka-kārena padavaḍḍhanamāha anatthantarato yathā ‘‘pītakaṃ lohitaka’’nti (dha. sa. 616). <span class="bld">Paṭikūlakattā</span>ti jigucchanīyattā. <span class="bld">Kucchitaṃ vinīlaṃ vinīlaka</span>nti kucchanattho vā ayaṃ ka-kāroti dassetuṃ vuttaṃ yathā ‘‘pāpako kittisaddo abbhuggacchatī’’ti (dī. ni. 3.316; a. ni. 5.213; mahāva. 285). <span class="bld">Paribhinnaṭṭhānehi</span> kākakaṅkādīhi. <span class="bld">Vissandamānaṃ pubba</span>nti vissavantaṃ pubbaṃ, tahaṃ tahaṃ paggharantapubbanti attho. <span class="bld">Tathābhāva</span>nti vissandamānapubbabhāvaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">So bhikkhū</span>ti yo ‘‘passeyya sarīraṃ sivathikāya chaḍḍita’’nti vutto, so bhikkhu. <span class="bld">Upasaṃharati</span> sadisataṃ. <span class="bld">Ayampi kho</span>tiādi upasaṃharaṇākāradassanaṃ<a name="M1.0367"></a>. <span class="bld">Āyū</span>ti rūpajīvitindriyaṃ, arūpajīvitindriyaṃ panettha viññāṇagatikameva. <span class="bld">Usmā</span>ti kammajatejo. <span class="bld">Evaṃpūtikasabhāvo</span>ti evaṃ ativiya pūtikasabhāvo, na āyuādīnaṃ avigame viya mattasoti adhippāyo. Ediso bhavissatīti <span class="bld">evaṃbhāvī</span>ti āha <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃuddhumātādibhedo bhavissatī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Luñcitvā luñcitvā</span>ti uppāṭetvā uppāṭetvā. <span class="bld">Sesāvasesamaṃsalohitayutta</span>nti sabbaso akhāditattā tahaṃ tahaṃ sesena appāvasesena maṃsalohitena yuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Aññena hatthaṭṭhika</span>nti avisesena hatthaṭṭhikānaṃ vippakiṇṇatā jotitāti anavasesato tesaṃ vippakiṇṇataṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘catusaṭṭhibhedampī’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Terovassikānī</span>ti tirovassaṃ gatāni. Tāni pana saṃvaccharaṃ vītivattāni hontīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘atikkantasaṃvaccharānī’’</span>ti. Purāṇatāya ghanabhāvavigamena vicuṇṇatā idha pūtibhāvoti so yathā hoti, taṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘abbhokāse’’</span>tiādimāha. Khajjamānatādivasena dutiyasivathikapabbādīnaṃ vavatthitatthā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘khajjamānādīnaṃ vasena yojanā kātabbā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="centered">Navasivathikapabbavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Imāneva</span> <a name="V1.0328"></a> <span class="bld">dve</span>ti avadhāraṇena appanākammaṭṭhānaṃ tattha niyameti aññapabbesu tadabhāvato. Yato hi eva-kāro, tato aññattha niyameti, tena pabbadvayassa vipassanākammaṭṭhānatāpi appaṭisiddhāti daṭṭhabbā aniccādidassanato. Saṅkhāresu ādīnavavibhāvanāni sivathikapabbānīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sivathikānaṃ ādīnavānupassanāvasena vuttattā’’</span>ti. Iriyāpathapabbādīnaṃ anappanāvahatā pākaṭā evāti <span class="bld">‘‘sesāni dvādasāpī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Yaṃ panettha atthato avibhattaṃ, taṃ suviññeyyamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Kāyānupassanāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Vedanānupassanāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para113"></a><a name="para113_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">113</span>. <span class="bld">Sukhaṃ vedana</span>nti ettha sukhayatīti <span class="bld">sukhā,</span> sampayuttadhamme kāyañca laddhassāde karotīti attho. Suṭṭhu vā khādati, khanati vā kāyikaṃ cetasikañca <a name="M1.0368"></a> ābādhanti <span class="bld">sukhā</span>. Sukaraṃ okāsadānaṃ etissāti <span class="bld">sukhā</span>ti apare. Vedayati ārammaṇarasaṃ anubhavatīti <span class="bld">vedanā. Vedayamāno</span>ti anubhavamāno. <span class="bld">Kāma</span>ntiādīsu yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ iriyāpathapabbe vuttameva. Sampajānassa vediyanaṃ<span class="bld"> sampajānavediyanaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Vohāramattaṃ hotī’’</span>ti etena ‘‘sukhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayamāno sukhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayāmī’’ti idaṃ vohāramattanti dasseti. <span class="bld">Vatthuārammaṇā</span>ti rūpādiārammaṇā. Rūpādiārammaṇañhi vedanāya pavattiṭṭhānatāya ‘‘vatthū’’ti adhippetaṃ. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti bhaveyya. Dhammavinimuttassa aññassa kattu abhāvato dhammasseva kattubhāvaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘vedanāva vedayatī’’</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Nitthunanto</span>ti. Balavato vedanāvegassa nirodhane ādīnavaṃ disvā tassa avasaradānavasena nitthunanto. <span class="bld">Vīriyasamataṃ yojetvā</span>ti adhivāsanavīriyassa adhimattattā tassa hāpanavasena samādhinā samarasatāpādanena vīriyasamataṃ yojetvā. <span class="bld">Saha paṭisambhidāhī</span>ti lokuttarapaṭisambhidāhi saha. Lokiyānampi vā sati uppattikāle tattha samatthataṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘saha paṭisambhidāhī’’ti</span>. <span class="bld">Samasīsī</span>ti vārasamasīsī hutvā, paccavekkhaṇavārassa anantaravāre parinibbāyīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yathā ca sukhaṃ, evaṃ dukkha</span>nti yathā ‘‘sukhaṃ vedayatī’’tiādinā sampajānavediyanaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ, evaṃ dukkhampi. Tattha dukkhayatīti <span class="bld">dukkhā,</span> sampayuttadhamme kāyañca pīḷeti vibādhatīti <a name="V1.0329"></a> attho. Duṭṭhuṃ vā khādati, khanati vā kāyikaṃ cetasikañca sātanti <span class="bld">dukkhā</span>. Dukkaraṃ okāsadānaṃ etissāti <span class="bld">dukkhā</span>ti apare. <span class="bld">Arūpakammaṭṭhāna</span>nti arūpapariggahaṃ, arūpadhammamukhena vipassanābhinivesanti attho. Rūpakammaṭṭhānena pana samathābhinivesopi saṅgayhati, vipassanābhiniveso pana idhādhippetoti dassento āha. <span class="bld">‘‘Rūpapariggaho arūpapariggahotipi etadeva vuccatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Catudhātuvavatthānaṃ kathesī</span>ti etthāpi ‘‘yebhuyyenā’’ti padaṃ ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Tadubhaya</span>nti catudhātuvavatthānassa saṅkhepavitthāradvayamāha. <span class="bld">Saṅkhepamanasikāravasena</span> mahāsatipaṭṭhāne, <span class="bld">vitthāramanasikāravasena</span> rāhulovāda- (ma. ni. 2.115-117) dhātuvibhaṅgādīsu (vibha. 174-175).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yebhuyya</span>ggahaṇena <a name="M1.0369"></a> tadaññadhammavasenapi arūpakammaṭṭhānakathāya atthitā dīpitāti taṃ vibhāgena dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tividho hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">abhiniveso</span>ti anuppaveso, ārambhoti attho. Ārambhe eva hi ayaṃ vibhāgo, sammasanaṃ pana anavasesatova dhamme pariggahetvā vattati. <span class="bld">Pariggahite rūpakammaṭṭhāne</span>ti idaṃ rūpamukhena vipassanābhinivesaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ, arūpamukhena pana vipassanābhiniveso yebhūyyena samathayānikassa icchitabbo, so ca paṭhamaṃ jhānaṅgāni pariggahetvā tato paraṃ sesadhamme pariggaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Paṭhamābhinipāto</span>ti sabbe cetasikā cittāyattā cittakiriyabhāvena vuccantīti phasso cittassa paṭhamābhinipāto vutto, uppannaphasso puggalo, cittacetasikarāsi vā ārammaṇena phuṭṭho phassasahajātāya vedanāya taṃsamakālameva vedeti, phasso pana obhāsassa viya padīpo vedanādīnaṃ paccayaviseso hotīti purimakālo viya vuccati, yā tassa ārammaṇābhiniropanalakkhaṇatā vuccati. <span class="bld">Phusanto</span>ti ārammaṇassa phusanākārena. Ayañhi arūpadhammatā ekadesena anallīyamānopi rūpaṃ viya cakkhu, saddo viya ca sotaṃ cittaṃ ārammaṇañca phusanto viya saṅghaṭṭento viya ca pavattati. Tathāhesa ‘‘saṅghaṭṭanaraso’’ti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ārammaṇaṃ anubhavantī</span>ti issaravatāya visavitāya sāmibhāvena ārammaṇarasaṃ anubhavantī. Phassādīnañhi sampayuttadhammānaṃ ārammaṇe ekadeseneva pavatti phusanādimattabhāvato, vedanāya pana iṭṭhākārasambhogādivasena pavattanato ārammaṇe nippadesato pavatti. Phusanādibhāvena hi ārammaṇaggahaṇaṃ ekadesānubhavanaṃ, vedayitābhāvena gahaṇaṃ yathākāmaṃ sabbānubhavanaṃ evasabhāvāneva tāni gahaṇānīti na vedanāya viya phassādīnampi yathāsakaṃ kiccakaraṇena sāmibhāvānubhavanaṃ codetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Vijānanta</span>nti paricchindanavasena visesato jānantaṃ. Viññāṇañhi minitabbavatthuṃ nāḷiyā minanto puriso viya ārammaṇaṃ paricchijja <a name="V1.0330"></a> vibhāventaṃ pavattati, na saññā viya sañjānanamattaṃ hutvā. Tathā hi anena kadāci lakkhaṇattayavibhāvanāpi hoti. Imesaṃ pana phassādīnaṃ tassa tassa pākaṭabhāvo paccayavisesasiddhassa pubbābhogassa vasena veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ <a name="M1.0370"></a> tassa tasseva pākaṭabhāvepi ‘‘sabbaṃ, bhikkhave, abhiññeyya’’nti (saṃ. ni. 4.46; paṭi. ma. 1.3) ‘‘sabbañca kho, bhikkhave, abhijāna’’nti (saṃ. ni. 4.26) ca evamādivacanato sabbe sammasanupagā dhammā pariggahetabbāti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘tattha yassā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">phassapañcamakeyevā</span>ti avadhāraṇaṃ tadantogadhattā taggahaṇeneva gahitattā catunnaṃ arūpakkhandhānaṃ. Phassapañcamakaggahaṇañhi tassa sabbacittuppādasādhāraṇabhāvato, tattha ca phassacetanāggahaṇena sabbasaṅkhārakkhandhadhammasaṅgaho cetanāpadhānattā tesaṃ. Tathā hi suttantabhājanīye <span class="bld">saṅkhārakkhandhavibhaṅge</span> (vibha. 12) ‘‘cakkhusamphassajā cetanā’’tiādinā cetanāva vibhattā, itare pana khandhā sarūpeneva gahitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vatthuṃ nissitā</span>ti ettha vatthu-saddo karajakāyavisayoti kathamidaṃ viññāyatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ sandhāya vutta’’</span>ntiādi. Kattha pana vuttaṃ? <span class="bld">Sāmaññaphale. So</span>ti karajakāyo. <span class="bld">Pañcakkhandhavinimuttaṃ nāmarūpaṃ natthī</span>ti idaṃ adhikāravasena vuttaṃ. Aññathā hi khandhavinimuttampi nāmaṃ atthevāti. <span class="bld">Avijjādihetukā</span>ti avijjātaṇhupādānādihetukā. <span class="bld">Vipassanāpaṭipāṭiyā…pe… vicaratī</span>ti iminā balavavipassanaṃ vatvā puna tassa ussukkāpanaṃ visesādhigamanañca dassento <span class="bld">‘‘so’’</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Idhā</span>ti imissaṃ dutiyasatipaṭṭhānadesanāyaṃ, tassā pana vedanānupassanāvasena kathetabbattā <span class="bld">bhagavā vedanāvasena kathesi</span>. Yathāvuttesu ca tīsu kammaṭṭhānābhinivesesu vedanāvasena kammaṭṭhānābhiniveso sukaro vedanānaṃ vibhūtabhāvatoti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘phassavasena hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Na pākaṭaṃ hotī</span>ti idaṃ tādise puggale sandhāya vuttaṃ, yesaṃ ādito vedanāva vibhūtatarā hutvā upaṭṭhāti. Evañhi yaṃ vuttaṃ ‘‘phasso pākaṭo hoti, viññāṇaṃ pākaṭaṃ hotī’’ti, taṃ avirodhitaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Vedanānaṃ uppattipākaṭatāyā</span>ti ca idaṃ sukhadukkhavedanānaṃ vasena vuttaṃ. Tāsañhi pavatti oḷārikā, na itarāya. Tadubhayaggahaṇamukhena vā gahetabbattā itarāyapi pavatti viññūnaṃ pākaṭā evāti <span class="bld">‘‘vedanāna’’</span>nti avisesaggahaṇaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Yadā sukhaṃ uppajjatī</span>tiādi sukhavedanāya pākaṭabhāvavibhāvanaṃ. <span class="bld">Neva tasmiṃ samaye dukkhaṃ vedanaṃ vedetī</span>ti tasmiṃ sukhavedanāsamaṅgisamaye neva dukkhaṃ vedanaṃ vedeti niruddhattā, anuppannattā ca yathākkamaṃ <a name="M1.0371"></a> atītānāgatānaṃ<a name="V1.0331"></a>, paccuppannāya pana asambhavo vuttoyeva. Sakiccakkhaṇamattāvaṭṭhānato <span class="bld">aniccā</span>. Sameccasambhuyya paccayehi katattā <span class="bld">saṅkhatā</span>. Vatthārammaṇādipaccayaṃ paṭicca uppannattā <span class="bld">paṭiccasamuppannā</span>. Khayavayapalujjananirujjhanapakatitāya <span class="bld">khayadhammā…pe… nirodhadhammā</span>ti daṭṭhabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kilesehi āmasitabbato āmisaṃ nāma pañca kāmaguṇā, ārammaṇakaraṇavasena saha āmisehīti <span class="bld">āmisā</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘pañcakāmaguṇāmisanissitā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ito para</span>nti ‘‘atthi vedanā’’ti evamādipāḷiṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘kāyānupassanāyaṃ vuttanayamevā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="centered">Vedanānupassanāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Cittānupassanāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para114"></a><a name="para114_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">114</span>. Sampayogavasena (dī. ni. ṭī. 2.381) pavattamānena saha rāgenāti <span class="bld">sarāgaṃ</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘lobhasahagata’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Vītarāga</span>nti. Ettha kāmaṃ sarāgapadapaṭiyoginā vītarāgavasena bhavitabbaṃ, sammasanacārassa pana idhādhippetattā tebhūmakasseva gahaṇanti <span class="bld">‘‘lokiyakusalābyākata’’</span>nti vatvā ‘‘idaṃ panā’’tiādinā tameva adhippāyaṃ vivarati. Sesāni dve dosamūlāni, dve mohamūlānīti <span class="bld">cattāri akusalacittāni</span>. Tesañhi rāgena sampayogābhāvato nattheva sarāgatā, tannimittakatāya pana siyā taṃsahitatālesoti nattheva vītarāgatāpīti dukavinimuttatā evettha labbhatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘neva purimapadaṃ, na pacchimapadaṃ bhajantī’’</span>ti. Yadi evaṃ padesikaṃ pajānanaṃ āpajjatīti? Nāpajjati dukantarapariyāpannattā tesaṃ. Akusalamūlesu saha moheneva vattatīti <span class="bld">samoha</span>nti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vicikicchāsahagatañceva uddhaccasahagatañcā’’</span>ti. Yasmā cettha saheva mohenāti samohanti purimapadāvadhāraṇampi labbhatiyeva, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yasmā panā’’</span>tiādi. Yathā pana atimūḷhatāya pāṭipuggalikanayena savisesaṃ mohavantatāya momūhacittanti vattabbato vicikicchuddhaccasahagatadvayaṃ visesato ‘‘samoha’’nti vuccati, na tathā sesākusalacittānīti <span class="bld">‘‘vaṭṭantiyevā’’</span>ti <a name="M1.0372"></a> vuttaṃ. Sampayogavasena thinamiddhena anupatitaṃ anugatanti thinamiddhānupatitaṃ pañcavidhaṃ sasaṅkhārikākusalacittaṃ <span class="bld">saṅkuṭitacittaṃ</span>. <span class="bld">Saṅkuṭitacittaṃ nāma</span> ārammaṇe saṅkocanavasena pavattanato. Paccayavisesavasena thāmajātena uddhaccena sahagataṃ pavattaṃ saṃsaṭṭhanti <span class="bld">uddhaccasahagataṃ,</span> aññathā <a name="V1.0332"></a> sabbampi akusalacittaṃ uddhaccasahagatamevāti. <span class="bld">Pasaṭacittaṃ nāma</span> sātisayaṃ vikkhepavasena pavattanato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kilesavikkhambhanasamatthatāya vipulaphalatāya dīghasantānatāya ca mahantabhāvaṃ gataṃ, mahantehi vā uḷāracchandādīhi gataṃ paṭipannanti <span class="bld">mahaggataṃ</span>. Taṃ pana rūpārūpabhūmikaṃ tato mahantassa loke abhāvato. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘rūpārūpāvacara’’</span>nti. Tassa cettha paṭiyogī parittamevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘amahaggatanti kāmāvacara’’</span>nti. Attānaṃ uttarituṃ samatthehi saha uttarehīti <span class="bld">sauttaraṃ,</span> tappaṭipakkhena <span class="bld">anuttaraṃ,</span> tadubhayaṃ upādāya veditabbanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sauttaranti kāmāvacara’’</span>ntiādi. Paṭipakkhavikkhambhanasamatthena samādhinā sammadeva āhitaṃ <span class="bld">samāhitaṃ</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yassā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Yassā</span>ti yassa cittassa. Yathāvuttena samādhinā na samāhitanti <span class="bld">asamāhitaṃ</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ubhayasamādhirahita’’</span>nti. Tadaṅgavimuttiyā <span class="bld">vimuttaṃ,</span> kāmāvacaraṃ kusalaṃ. Vikkhambhanavimuttiyā <span class="bld">vimuttaṃ,</span> mahaggatanti tadubhayaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘tadaṅgavikkhambhanavimuttīhi vimutta’’</span>nti. Yattha tadubhayavimutti natthi, taṃ ubhayavimuttirahitanti gayhamāne lokuttaracittepi siyā āsaṅkāti tannivattanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘samuccheda…pe… okāsova natthī’’</span>ti āha. Okāsābhāvo ca sammasanacārassa adhippetattā veditabbo. Yaṃ panettha atthato avibhattaṃ, taṃ heṭṭhā vuttanayamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Cittānupassanāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Dhammānupassanāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">Nīvaraṇapabbavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para115"></a><a name="para115_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">115</span>. Pahātabbādidhammavibhāgadassanavasena <a name="V1.0333"></a> pañcadhā dhammānupassanā niddiṭṭhāti ayamattho pāḷito eva viññāyatīti tamatthaṃ ulliṅgento <span class="bld">‘‘pañcavidhena</span> <a name="M1.0373"></a> <span class="bld">dhammānupassanaṃ kathetu’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. Yadi evaṃ kasmā nīvaraṇādivaseneva niddiṭṭhanti? Veneyyajjhāsayato. Yesañhi veneyyānaṃ pahātabbadhammesu paṭhamaṃ nīvaraṇāni vibhāgena vattabbāni, tesaṃ vasenettha bhagavatā paṭhamaṃ nīvaraṇesu dhammānupassanā kathitā. Tathā hi kāyānupassanāpi samathapubbaṅgamā desitā, tato pariññeyyesu khandhesu āyatanesu, bhāvetabbesu bojjhaṅgesu pariññeyādivibhāgesu saccesu ca uttarā desanā desitā, tasmā cettha samathabhāvanāpi yāvadeva vipassanatthaṃ icchitā, vipassanāpadhānā vipassanābahulā ca satipaṭṭhānadesanāti tassā vipassanābhinivesavibhāgena desitabhāvaṃ vibhāvento <span class="bld">‘‘apicā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha khandhāyatanadukkhasaccavasena missakapariggahakathanaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Saññāsaṅkhārakkhandhapariggahampī</span>ti <span class="bld">pi</span>-saddena sakalapañcupādānakkhandhapariggahaṃ sampiṇḍeti itaresaṃ tadantogadhattā. ‘‘Kaṇhasukkānaṃ yugandhatā natthī’’ti pajānanakāle abhāvā <span class="bld">‘‘abhiṇhasamudācāravasenā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Yathā</span>ti yenākārena. So pana ‘‘kāmacchandassa uppādo hotī’’ti vuttattā kāmacchandassa kāraṇākārova, atthato kāraṇamevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yena kāraṇenā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ca</span>-saddo vakkhamānatthasamuccayattho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti ‘‘yathā cā’’tiādinā vuttapade. <span class="bld">Subhampī</span>ti kāmacchandopi. So hi attano gahaṇākārena <span class="bld">‘‘subha’’</span>nti vuccati, tenākārena pavattanakassa aññassa kāmacchandassa nimittattā <span class="bld">‘‘subhanimitta’’</span>nti ca. Iṭṭhaṃ, iṭṭhākārena vā gayhamānaṃ rūpādi <span class="bld">subhārammaṇaṃ</span>. Ākaṅkhitassa hitasukhassa anupāyabhūto manasikāro <span class="bld">anupāyamanasikāro. Ta</span>nti ayonisomanasikāraṃ. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti nipphādetabbe ārammaṇabhūte ca duvidhepi subhanimitte. <span class="bld">Āhāro</span>ti paccayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Asubhampī</span>ti asubhajjhānampi uttarapadalopena. Taṃ pana dasasu aviññāṇakāsubhesu, kesādīsu ca pavattaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Kesādīsu hi saññā asubhasaññāti <span class="bld">girimānandasutte</span> (a. ni. 10.60) vuttāti. Ettha ca catubbidhassa ayonisomanasikārassa yonisomanasikārassa <a name="V1.0334"></a> ca gahaṇaṃ niravasesadassanatthaṃ katanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Tesu pana asubhe ‘‘subha’’nti, ‘‘asubha’’nti ca manasikāro idhādhippeto, tadanukūlattā vā itarepīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ekādasasu <a name="M1.0374"></a> (a. ni. ṭī. 1.1.16) asubhesu paṭikūlākārassa uggaṇhanaṃ, yathā vā tattha uggahanimittaṃ uppajjati, tathā paṭipatti <span class="bld">asubhanimittassa uggaho</span>. Upacārappanāvahāya asubhabhāvanāya anuyuñjanaṃ <span class="bld">asubhabhāvanānuyogo</span>. Bhojane mattaññuno thinamiddhābhibhavābhāvā otāraṃ alabhamāno kāmacchando pahīyatīti vadanti. Bhojananissitaṃ pana āhāre paṭikūlasaññaṃ, tabbipariṇāmassa, tadādhārassa, tassa ca udariyabhūtassa asubhatādassanaṃ, kāyassa āhāraṭṭhitikatādassanañca yo sammadeva jānāti, so visesato <span class="bld">bhojane mattaññū</span> nāma, tassa ca kāmacchando pahīyateva. <span class="bld">Asubhakammikatissatthero</span> dantaṭṭhidassāvī. <span class="bld">Abhidhammapariyāyena</span> (dha. sa. 1159, 1503) sabbopi lobho kāmacchandanīvaraṇanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘arahattamaggenā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭighampi</span> purimuppannaṃ <span class="bld">paṭighanimittaṃ</span> parato uppajjanakapaṭighassa kāraṇanti katvā. Mejjati hitapharaṇavasena siniyhatīti mitto, tasmiṃ mitte bhavā, mittassa vā esāti mettā, tassā <span class="bld">mettāya</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Mettāyanassa sattesu hitapharaṇassa uppādanaṃ pavattanaṃ <span class="bld">mettānimittassa uggaho</span>. <span class="bld">Odhisakaanodhisakadisāpharaṇāna</span>nti attaatipiyasahāyamajjhattaverīvasena odhisakatā, sīmāsambhede kate anodhisakatā, ekādidisāpharaṇavasena disāpharaṇatā mettāya uggahaṇe veditabbā. Vihāraracchāgāmādivasena vā odhisakadisāpharaṇaṃ, vihārādiuddesarahitaṃ puratthimādidisāvasena anodhisakadisāpharaṇanti evaṃ vā dvidhā uggahaṇaṃ sandhāya <span class="bld">‘‘odhisakaanodhisakadisāpharaṇāna’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. Uggaho ca yāva upacārā daṭṭhabbo, uggahitāya āsevanā bhāvanā. Tattha ‘‘sabbe sattā, pāṇā, bhūtā, puggalā, attabhāvapariyāpannā’’ti etesaṃ vasena pañcavidhā, ekekasmiṃ ‘‘averā hontu, abyāpajjā, anīghā, sukhī attānaṃ pariharantū’’ti catudhā pavattito vīsatividhā anodhisakapharaṇā mettā, ‘‘sabbā itthiyo, purisā, ariyā, anariyā, devā, manussā, vinipātikā’’ti sattodhikaraṇavasena pavattā sattavidhā aṭṭhavīsatividhā vā, dasahi disāhi disodhikaraṇavasena pavattā dasavidhā ca, ekekāya vā disāya sattādiitthādiaverādibhedena <a name="M1.0375"></a> asītādhikacatusatappabhedā ca odhibhopharaṇā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yena <a name="V1.0335"></a> ayonisomanasikārena aratiādikāni uppajjanti, so aratiādīsu <span class="bld">ayonisomanasikāro,</span> tena. Nipphādetabbe hi idaṃ bhummaṃ. Esa nayo ito paresupi. <span class="bld">Ukkaṇṭhitā</span> pantasenāsanesu adhikusalesu dhammesu ca uppajjanabhāvariñcanā. <span class="bld">Kāyavināmanā</span>ti kāyassa virūpenākārena nāmanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kusaladhammasampaṭipattiyā paṭṭhapanasabhāvatāya, tappaṭipakkhānaṃ visosanasabhāvatāya ca ārambhadhātuādito pavattavīriyanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘paṭhamārambhavīriya’’</span>nti. Yasmā paṭhamārambhamattassa kosajjavidhamanaṃ thāmagamanañca natthi, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kosajjato nikkhantatāya tato balavatara’’</span>nti. Yasmā pana aparāparuppattiyā laddhāsevanaṃ uparūparivisesaṃ āvahantaṃ ativiya thāmagatameva hoti, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘paraṃ paraṃ ṭhānaṃ akkamanato tatopi balavatara’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Atibhojane nimittaggāho</span>ti atibhojane thinamiddhassa nimittaggāho, ‘‘ettake bhutte thinamiddhassa kāraṇaṃ hoti, ettake na hotī’’ti thinamiddhassa kāraṇākāraṇaggāho hotīti attho. <span class="bld">Divā sūriyāloka</span>nti divā gahitanimittaṃ sūriyālokaṃ rattiyaṃ manasikarontassapīti evamettha attho veditabbo. Dhutaṅgānaṃ vīriyanissitattā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘dhutaṅganissitasappāyakathāyapī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kukkuccampi katākatānusocanavasena pavattamānaṃ cetaso avūpasamāvahatāya uddhaccena samānalakkhaṇamevāti <span class="bld">‘‘avūpasamo nāma avūpasantākāro, uddhaccakukkuccamevetaṃ atthato’’</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bahussutassa ganthato atthato ca suttādīni vicārentassa atthavedādipaṭilābhasabbhāvato vikkhepo na hoti, yathāvidhipaṭipattiyā yathānurūpapaṭikārappavattiyā ca katākatānusocanañca na hotīti <span class="bld">‘‘bāhusaccenapi…pe… uddhaccakukkuccaṃ pahīyatī’’</span>ti āha. Yadaggena bāhusaccena uddhaccakukkuccaṃ pahīyati, tadaggena paripucchakatāvinayapakataññutāhipi taṃ pahīyatīti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Buddhasevitā ca buddhasīlitaṃ āvahatīti cetaso vūpasamakarattā uddhaccakukkuccapahānakārī vuttā. Buddhattaṃ <a name="M1.0376"></a> pana anapekkhitvā vinayadharā kukkuccavinodakā kalyāṇamittā vuttāti daṭṭhabbā. Vikkhepo ca bhikkhuno yebhuyyena kukkuccahetuko hotīti <span class="bld">‘‘kappiyākappiyaparipucchāmahulassā’’</span>tiādinā vinayanayeneva paripucchakatādayo niddiṭṭhā. <span class="bld">Pahīne uddhaccakukkucce</span>ti niddhāraṇe bhummaṃ. <span class="bld">Kukkuccassa</span> domanassasahagatattā <span class="bld">anāgāmimaggena āyatiṃ anuppādo</span> vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tiṭṭhati <a name="V1.0336"></a> pavattati etthāti ṭhānīyā, vicikicchāya ṭhānīyā <span class="bld">vicikicchāṭṭhānīyā,</span> vicikicchāya kāraṇabhūtā dhammā. Tiṭṭhatīti vā ṭhānīyā, vicikicchā ṭhānīyā etissāti <span class="bld">vicikicchāṭṭhānīyā,</span> atthato vicikicchā eva. Sā hi purimuppannā parato uppajjanakavicikicchāya sabhāgahetutāya asādhāraṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kusalākusalā</span>ti kosallasambhūtaṭṭhena kusalā, tappaṭipakkhato akusalā. Ye akusalā, te <span class="bld">sāvajjā asevitabbā hīnā ca</span>. Ye kusalā, te <span class="bld">anavajjā sevitabbā paṇītā ca</span>. Kusalāpi vā hīnehi chandādīhi āraddhā <span class="bld">hīnā,</span> paṇītehi <span class="bld">paṇītā. Kaṇhā</span>ti kāḷakā, cittassa apabhassarabhāvakaraṇā. <span class="bld">Sukkā</span>ti odātā, cittassa pabhassarabhāvakaraṇā. Kaṇhābhijātihetuto vā <span class="bld">kaṇhā,</span> sukkābhijātihetuto <span class="bld">sukkā</span>. Te eva <span class="bld">sappaṭibhāgā</span>. Kaṇhā hi ujuvipaccanīkatāya sukkehi sappaṭibhāgā, tathā sukkāpi itarehi. Atha vā kaṇhasukkā ca sappaṭibhāgā ca <span class="bld">kaṇhasukkasappaṭibhāgā</span>. Sukhā hi vedanā dukkhāyavedanāya sappaṭibhāgā, dukkhā ca vedanā sukhāya vedanāya sappaṭibhāgāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāmaṃ bāhusaccaparipucchakatāhi aṭṭhavatthukāpi vicikicchā pahīyati, tathāpi ratanattayavicikicchāmūlikā sesavicikicchāti katvā āha <span class="bld">‘‘tīṇi ratanāni ārabbhā’’</span>ti. Ratanattayaguṇāvabodhe hi ‘‘satthari kaṅkhatī’’ti (dha. sa. 1008, 1123, 1167, 1241, 1263, 1270; vibha. 915) ādivicikicchāya asambhavoti. Vinaye pakataññutā ‘‘sikkhāya kaṅkhatī’’ti (dha. sa. 1008, 1123, 1167, 1241, 1263, 1270; vibha. 915) vuttāya vicikicchāya pahānaṃ karotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vinaye ciṇṇavasībhāvassapī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Okappanīyasaddhāsaṅkhātaadhimokkhabahulassā</span>ti saddheyyavatthuno anupavisanasaddhāsaṅkhātaadhimokkhena adhimuccanabahulassa<a name="M1.0377"></a>. Adhimuccanañca adhimokkhuppādanamevāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Saddhāya vā ninnapoṇatā adhimutti adhimokkho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Subhanimittaasubhanimittādīsū</span>ti ‘‘subhanimittādīsu asubhanimittādīsū’’ti ādi-saddo paccekaṃ yojetabbo. Tattha paṭhamena <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena paṭighanimittādīnaṃ saṅgaho, dutiyena mettācetovimuttiādīnaṃ. Sesamettha yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ vuttanayamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Nīvaraṇapabbavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Khandhapabbavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para116"></a><a name="para116_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">116</span>. Upādānehi <a name="V1.0337"></a> ārammaṇakaraṇādivasena upādātabbā vā khandhā <span class="bld">upādānakkhandā. Iti rūpa</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">iti</span>-saddo idaṃ-saddena samānatthoti adhippāyenāha <span class="bld">‘‘idaṃ rūpa’’</span>nti. Tayidaṃ sarūpato anavasesapariyādānaṃ hotīti āha – <span class="bld">‘‘ettakaṃ rūpaṃ, na ito paraṃ rūpaṃ atthī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Itī</span>ti vā pakāratthe nipāto, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘iti rūpa’’</span>nti iminā bhūtupādādivasena yattako rūpassa bhedo, tena saddhiṃ rūpaṃ anavasesato pariyādiyitvā dasseti. <span class="bld">Sabhāvato</span>ti ruppanasabhāvato cakkhādivaṇṇādisabhāvato ca. <span class="bld">Vedanādīsupī</span>ti ettha ‘‘ayaṃ vedanā, ettakā vedanā, na ito paraṃ vedanā atthīti sabhāvato vedanaṃ pajānātī’’tiādinā, <span class="bld">sabhāvato</span>ti ca anubhavanasabhāvato sātādisabhāvato cāti evamādinā yojetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Khandhapabbavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Āyatanapabbavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para117"></a><a name="para117_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">117</span>. <span class="bld">Chasu ajjhattikabāhiresū</span>ti (dī. ni. ṭī. 2.384) ‘‘chasu ajjhattikesu chasu bāhiresu’’ti <span class="bld">‘‘chasū’’</span>ti padaṃ paccekaṃ yojetabbaṃ. Kasmā panetāni ubhayāni chaḷeva vuttāni? Chaviññāṇakāyuppattidvārārammaṇavavatthānato. Cakkhuviññāṇavīthiyā <a name="M1.0378"></a> pariyāpannassa hi viññāṇakāyassa cakkhāyatanameva uppattidvāraṃ, rūpāyatanameva ca ārammaṇaṃ, tathā itarāni itaresaṃ, chaṭṭhassa pana bhavaṅgamanasaṅkhāto manāyatanekadeso uppattidvāraṃ, asādhāraṇañca dhammāyatanaṃ ārammaṇaṃ. Cakkhatīti <span class="bld">cakkhu,</span> rūpaṃ assādeti vibhāveti cāti attho. Suṇātīti <span class="bld">sotaṃ</span>. Ghāyatīti <span class="bld">ghānaṃ</span>. Jīvitanimittatāya raso jīvitaṃ, taṃ jīvitamavhāyatīti <span class="bld">jivhā</span>. Kucchitānaṃ sāsavadhammānaṃ āyo uppattidesoti <span class="bld">kāyo</span>. Munāti ārammaṇaṃ vijānātīti <span class="bld">mano</span>. Rūpayati vaṇṇavikāraṃ āpajjamānaṃ hadayaṅgatabhāvaṃ pakāsetīti <span class="bld">rūpaṃ</span>. Sappati attano paccayehi harīyati sotaviññeyyabhāvaṃ gamīyatīti <span class="bld">saddo</span>. Gandhayati attano vatthuṃ sūcetīti <span class="bld">gandho</span>. Rasanti taṃ sattā assādentīti <span class="bld">raso</span>. Phusīyatīti <span class="bld">phoṭṭhabbaṃ</span>. Attano lakkhaṇaṃ dhārentīti <span class="bld">dhammā</span>. Sabbāni pana āyānaṃ tananādiatthena <span class="bld">āyatanāni</span>. Ayamettha saṅkhepo, vitthāro pana <span class="bld">visuddhimagge</span> (visuddhi. 2.510-512) <span class="bld">taṃsaṃvaṇṇanāya</span> (visuddhi. mahāṭī. 2.510) ca vuttanayena veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cakkhuñca</span> <a name="V1.0338"></a> <span class="bld">pajānātī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">cakkhu</span> nāma pasādacakkhu, na sasambhāracakkhu, nāpi dibbacakkhuādikanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘cakkhupasāda’’</span>nti. Yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ ‘‘yaṃ cakkhu catunnaṃ mahābhūtānaṃ upādāya pasādo’’ti (dha. sa. 596-599). <span class="bld">Ca</span>-saddo vakkhamānatthasamuccayattho. <span class="bld">Yāthāvasarasalakkhaṇavasenā</span>ti aviparītassa attano rasassa ceva lakkhaṇassa ca vasena, rūpesu āviñchanakiccassa ceva rūpābhighātārahabhūtapasādalakkhaṇassa ca vasenāti attho. ‘‘Cakkhuñca paṭicca rūpe cā’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.204, 400; 3.421, 425-426; saṃ. ni. 2.43-45; 4.54-55; kathā. 465, 467) samuditāniyeva rūpāyatanāni cakkhuviññāṇuppattihetu, na visuṃ visunti imassa atthassa dassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘rūpe cā’’</span>ti puthuvacanaggahaṇaṃ, tāya eva ca desanāgatiyā kāmaṃ idhāpi ‘‘rūpe ca pajānātī’’ti vuttaṃ, rūpabhāvasāmaññena pana sabbaṃ ekajjhaṃ gahetvā <span class="bld">‘‘bahiddhā catusamuṭṭhānikarūpañcā’’</span>ti ekavacanavasena attho vutto. <span class="bld">Sarasalakkhaṇavasenā</span>ti cakkhuviññāṇassa visayabhāvakiccassa ceva cakkhupaṭihananalakkhaṇassa ca vasenāti yojetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ubhayaṃ paṭiccā</span>ti cakkhuṃ upanissayapaccayavasena paccayabhūtaṃ, rūpe ārammaṇādhipatiārammaṇūpanissayavasena paccayabhūte ca paṭicca. Kāmañcāyaṃ suttantasaṃvaṇṇanā<a name="M1.0379"></a>, nippariyāyakathā nāma abhidhammasannissitā evāti abhidhammanayeneva saṃyojanāni dassento <span class="bld">‘‘kāmarāga…pe… avijjāsaṃyojana’’</span>nti āha. Tattha kāmesu rāgo, kāmo ca so rāgo cāti <span class="bld">kāmarāgo,</span> so eva bandhanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">saṃyojanaṃ</span>. Ayañhi yassa saṃvijjati, taṃ puggalaṃ vaṭṭasmiṃ saṃyojeti bandhati, iti dukkhena sattaṃ, bhavādike vā bhavantarādīhi, kammunā vā vipākaṃ saṃyojeti bandhatīti <span class="bld">saṃyojanaṃ</span>. Evaṃ paṭighasaṃyojanādīnampi yathārahaṃ attho vattabbo. <span class="bld">Sarasalakkhaṇavasenā</span>ti ettha pana sattassa vaṭṭato anissajjanasaṅkhātassa attano kiccassa ceva yathāvuttabandhanasaṅkhātassa lakkhaṇassa ca vasenāti yojetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bhavassāda-diṭṭhissāda-nivattanatthaṃ <span class="bld">kāmassāda</span>ggahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Assādayato</span>ti abhiramantassa. <span class="bld">Abhinandato</span>ti sapppītikataṇhāvasena nandantassa. Padadvayenapi balavato kāmarāgassa paccayabhūtā kāmarāguppatti vuttā. Esa nayo sesesupi. <span class="bld">Etaṃ ārammaṇa</span>nti etaṃ evaṃsukhumaṃ evaṃdubbibhāgaṃ ārammaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Niccaṃ dhuva</span>nti etaṃ nidassanamattaṃ, ‘‘ucchijjissati vinassissatīti gaṇhato’’ti evamādīnampi saṅgaho icchitabbo. <span class="bld">Bhavaṃ patthentassā</span>ti ‘‘īdise sampattibhave yasmā amhākaṃ idaṃ iṭṭhārammaṇaṃ sulabhaṃ jātaṃ, tasmā āyatimpi sampattibhavo bhaveyyā’’ti <a name="V1.0339"></a> bhavaṃ nikāmentassa. Evarūpaṃ sakkā laddhunti yojanā. <span class="bld">Usūyato</span>ti usūyaṃ issaṃ uppādayato. <span class="bld">Aññassa maccharāyato</span>ti aññena asādhāraṇabhāvakaraṇena macchariyaṃ karoto. <span class="bld">Sabbeheva</span> yathāvuttehi navahi saṃyojanehi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tañca kāraṇa</span>nti subhanimittapaṭighanimittādivibhāvaṃ iṭṭhāniṭṭhādirūpārammaṇañceva tajjāyonisomanasikārañcāti tassa tassa saṃyojanassa kāraṇaṃ. Avikkhambhitaasamūhatabhūmiladdhuppannataṃ sandhāya <span class="bld">‘‘appahīnaṭṭhena uppannassā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Vattamānuppannatā <span class="bld">samudācāra</span>ggahaṇeneva gahitā. <span class="bld">Yena kāraṇenā</span>ti yena vipassanāsamathabhāvanāsaṅkhātena kāraṇena. <span class="bld">Ta</span>ñhi tassa tadaṅgavasena ceva vikkhambhanavasena ca pahānakāraṇaṃ. Issāmacchariyānaṃ apāyagamanīyatāya paṭhamamaggavajjhatā vuttā. Yadi evaṃ ‘‘tiṇṇaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā sotāpanno hotī’’ti (a. ni. 4.241) suttapadaṃ <a name="M1.0380"></a> kathanti? Taṃ suttantapariyāyena vuttaṃ. Yathānulomasāsanañhi suttantadesanā, ayaṃ pana abhidhammanayena saṃvaṇṇanāti nāyaṃ doso. <span class="bld">Oḷārikassā</span>ti thūlassa, yato abhiṇhasamuppattipariyuṭṭhānatibbatāva hoti. <span class="bld">Aṇusahagatassā</span>ti vuttappakāraoḷārikābhāvena aṇubhāvaṃ sukhumabhāvaṃ gatassa. Uddhaccasaṃyojanassapettha anuppādo vuttoyeva yathāvuttasaṃyojanehi avinābhāvato. Sotādīnaṃ sabhāvasarasalakkhaṇavasena pajānanā, tappaccayānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ uppādādipajānanā ca vuttanayeneva veditabbāti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘eseva nayo’’</span>ti atidisati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Attano vā dhammesū</span>ti attano ajjhattikāyatanadhammesu, attano ubhayadhammesu vā. Imasmiṃ pakkhe <span class="bld">ajjhattikāyatanapariggahaṇenā</span>ti ajjhattikāyatanapariggaṇhanamukhenāti attho, evañca anavasesato saparasantānesu āyatanānaṃ pariggaho siddho hoti. <span class="bld">Parassa vā dhammesū</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Rūpāyatanassā</span>ti aḍḍhekādasapabhedarūpasabhāvassa āyatanassa. Rūpakkhandhe vuttanayena nīharitabbāti ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Sesakhandhesū</span>ti vedanāsaññāsaṅkhārakkhandhesu. <span class="bld">Vuttanayenā</span>ti iminā atidesena rūpakkhandhe āhārasamudayāti, viññāṇakkhandhe nāmarūpasamudayāti, sesakkhandhesu phassasamudayāti imaṃ visesaṃ vibhāveti, itaraṃ pana sabbattha samānanti. Khandhapabbe viya āyatanapabbepi lokuttaranivattanaṃ pāḷiyaṃ gahitaṃ natthīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘lokuttaradhammā na gahetabbā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="centered">Āyatanapabbavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Bojjhaṅgapabbavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para118"></a><a name="para118_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">118</span>. <span class="bld">Bujjhanakasattassā</span>ti <a name="V1.0340"></a> kilesaniddāya paṭibujjhanakasattassa, ariyasaccānaṃ vā paṭivijjhanakasattassa. <span class="bld">Aṅgesū</span>ti kāraṇesu, avayavesu vā. Udayabbayañāṇuppādato paṭṭhāya sambodhipaṭipadāyaṃ ṭhito nāma hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘āraddhavipassakato paṭṭhāya yogāvacaroti sambodhī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Satisambojjhaṅgaṭṭhānīyā’’</span>ti <a name="M1.0381"></a> padassa attho ‘‘vicikicchaṭṭhānīyā’’ti ettha vuttanayena veditabbo.<span class="bld"> Ta</span>nti yonisomanasikāraṃ. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti satiyaṃ. Nipphādetabbe cetaṃ bhummaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sati ca sampajaññañca <span class="bld">satisampajaññaṃ</span> (dī. ni. ṭī. 2.385; saṃ. ni. ṭī. 2.5.232; a. ni. ṭī. 1.1.418). Atha vā satipadhānaṃ abhikkantādisātthakabhāvapariggaṇhanañāṇaṃ <span class="bld">satisampajaññaṃ</span>. Taṃ sabbattha satokāribhāvāvahattā satisambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya hoti. Yathā paccanīkadhammānaṃ pahānaṃ anurūpadhammasevanā ca anuppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ uppādāya hoti, evaṃ satirahitapuggalavivajjhanā, satokārīpuggalasevanā, tattha ca yuttapayuttatā satisambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya hotīti imamatthaṃ dasseti <span class="bld">‘‘satisampajañña’’</span>ntiādinā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dhammānaṃ, dhammesu vā vicayo dhammavicayo, so eva sambojjhaṅgo, tassa <span class="bld">dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgassa</span>. <span class="bld">‘‘Kusalākusalā dhammā’’</span>tiādīsu yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ heṭṭhā vuttameva. Tattha <span class="bld">yonisomanasikārabahulīkāro</span>ti kusalādīsu taṃtaṃsabhāvarasalakkhaṇādikassa yāthāvato avabujjhanavasena uppanno ñāṇasampayuttacittuppādo. So hi aviparītamanasikāratāya ‘‘yonisomanasikāro’’ti vutto, tadābhogatāya āvajjanāpi taggatikāva, tassa abhiṇhapavattanaṃ bahulīkāro. <span class="bld">Bhiyyobhāvāyā</span>ti punappunabhāvāya. <span class="bld">Vepullāyā</span>ti vipulabhāvāya. <span class="bld">Pāripūriyā</span>ti paribrūhanāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paripucchakatā</span>ti pariyogāhetvā pucchakabhāvo. Ācariye payirupāsitvā pañcapi nikāye saha aṭṭhakathāya pariyogāhetvā yaṃ yaṃ tattha gaṇṭhiṭṭhānabhūtaṃ, taṃ taṃ ‘‘idaṃ bhante kathaṃ, imassa ko attho’’ti khandhāyatanādiatthaṃ pucchantassa dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgo uppajjati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘khandhadhātu…pe… bahulatā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vatthuvisadakiriyā</span>ti <a name="V1.0341"></a> ettha cittacetasikānaṃ pavattiṭṭhānabhāvato sarīraṃ, tappaṭibaddhāni cīvarādīni ca idha ‘‘vatthūnī’’ti adhippetāni. Tāni yathā cittassa sukhāvahāni honti, tathā karaṇaṃ tesaṃ visadabhāvakaraṇaṃ. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ajjhattikabāhirāna’’</span>ntiādi. <span class="bld">Ussannadosa</span>nti vātādiussannadosaṃ. <span class="bld">Sedamalamakkhita</span>nti sedena ceva jallikāsaṅkhātena sarīramalena <a name="M1.0382"></a> ca makkhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Ca</span>-saddena aññampi sarīrassa pīḷāvahaṃ saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Senāsanaṃ vā</span>ti <span class="bld">vā</span>-saddena pattādīnaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Avisade</span> sati, visayabhūte vā. Kathaṃ bhāvanamanuyuttassa tāni visayo? Antarantarā pavattanakacittuppādavasenevaṃ vuttaṃ. Te hi cittuppādā cittekaggatāya aparisuddhabhāvāya saṃvattanti. <span class="bld">Cittacetasikesu</span> nissayādipaccayabhūtesu. <span class="bld">Ñāṇampī</span>ti <span class="bld">pi</span>-saddo sampiṇḍanattho. Tena na kevalaṃ taṃ vatthuyeva, atha kho tasmiṃ aparisuddhe ñāṇampi aparisuddhaṃ hotīti nissayāparisuddhiyā taṃnissitāparisuddhi viya visayassa aparisuddhatāya visayīnaṃ aparisuddhiṃ dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samabhāvakaraṇa</span>nti kiccato anūnādhikabhāvakaraṇaṃ. Yathāpaccayaṃ saddheyyavatthusmiṃ adhimokkhakiccassa paṭutarabhāvena paññāya avisadatāya vīriyādīnañca sithilatādinā <span class="bld">saddhindriyaṃ balavaṃ hoti</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘itarāni mandānī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tato</span>ti tasmā saddhindriyassa balavabhāvato itaresañca mandattā. Kosajjapakkhe patituṃ adatvā sampayuttadhammānaṃ paggaṇhanaṃ anubalappadānaṃ paggaho, paggahova kiccaṃ <span class="bld">paggahakiccaṃ</span>. ‘‘Kātuṃ na sakkotī’’ti ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ. Ārammaṇaṃ upagantvā ṭhānaṃ, anissajjanaṃ vā <span class="bld">upaṭṭhānaṃ</span>. Vikkhepapaṭipakkho, yena vā sampayuttā avikkhittā honti, so <span class="bld">avikkhepo</span>. Rūpagataṃ viya cakkhunā yena yāthāvato visayasabhāvaṃ passati, taṃ <span class="bld">dassanakiccaṃ kātuṃ na sakkoti</span> balavatā saddhindriyena abhibhūtattā. Sahajātadhammesu indaṭṭhaṃ kārentānaṃ sahapavattamānānaṃ dhammānaṃ ekarasatāvaseneva atthasiddhi, na aññathā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti vuttamevatthaṃ kāraṇabhāvena paccāmasati. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti saddhindriyaṃ. <span class="bld">Dhammasabhāvapaccavekkhaṇenā</span>ti yassa saddheyyavatthuno uḷāratādiguṇe adhimuccanassa sātisayappavattiyā saddhindriyaṃ balavaṃ jātaṃ, tassa paccayapaccayuppannatādivibhāgato yāthāvato vīmaṃsanena. Evañhi evaṃdhammatānayena sabhāvasarasato pariggayhamāne savipphāro adhimokkho na hoti ‘‘ayaṃ imesaṃ dhammānaṃ sabhāvo’’ti parijānanavasena paññābyāpārassa sātisayattā. Dhuriyadhammesu hi yathā saddhāya balavabhāve paññāya mandabhāvo hoti, evaṃ paññāya balavabhāve saddhāya mandabhāvo hoti. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘taṃ dhammasabhāvapaccavekkhaṇena…pe… hāpetabba’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Tathā</span> <a name="V1.0342"></a> <span class="bld">amanasikārenā</span>ti yenākārena bhāvanamanuyuñjantassa saddhindriyaṃ balavaṃ <a name="M1.0383"></a> jātaṃ, tenākārena bhāvanāya ananuyuñjanatoti vuttaṃ hoti. Idha duvidhena saddhindriyassa balavabhāvo attano vā paccayavisesavasena kiccuttariyato vīriyādīnaṃ vā mandakiccatāya. Tattha paṭhamavikappe hāpanavidhi dassito, dutiyavikappe pana yathā manasikaroto vīriyādīnaṃ mandakiccatāya saddhindriyaṃ balavaṃ jātaṃ, tathā amanasikārena, vīriyādīnaṃ paṭukiccabhāvāvahena manasikārena saddhindriyaṃ tehi samarasaṃ karontena hāpetabbaṃ. Iminā nayena sesindriyesupi hāpanavidhi veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vakkalittheravatthū</span>ti so hi āyasmā saddhādhimuttāya katādhikāro satthu rūpakāyadassanapasuto eva hutvā viharanto satthārā ‘‘kiṃ te, vakkali, iminā pūtikāyena diṭṭhena, yo kho, vakkali, dhammaṃ passati, so maṃ passatī’’tiādinā (saṃ. ni. 3.87) ovaditvā kammaṭṭhāne niyojitopi taṃ ananuyuñjanto paṇāmito attānaṃ vinipātetuṃ papātaṭṭhānaṃ abhiruhi. Atha naṃ satthā yathānisinnova obhāsagissajjanena atthānaṃ dassetvā –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Pāmojjabahulo bhikkhu, pasanno buddhasāsane;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Adhigacche padaṃ santaṃ, saṅkhārūpasamaṃ sukha’’nti. (dha. pa. 381);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Gāthaṃ vatvā ‘‘ehivakkalī’’ti āha. So tena amateneva abhisitto haṭṭhatuṭṭho hutvā vipassanaṃ paṭṭhapesi, saddhāya pana balavabhāvato vipassanāvīthiṃ na otarati. Taṃ ñatvā bhagavā tassa indriyasamattapaṭipādanāya kammaṭṭhānaṃ sodhetvā adāsi. So satthārā dinnanayena vipassanaṃ ussukkāpetvā maggapaṭipāṭiyā arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vakkalittheravatthu cettha nidassana’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Itarakiccabheda</span>nti upaṭṭhānādikiccavisesaṃ. <span class="bld">Passaddhādī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena samādhiupekkhāsambojjhaṅgānaṃ saṅgaho. <span class="bld">Hāpetabba</span>nti yathā saddhindriyassa balavabhāvo dhammasabhāvapaccavekkhaṇena hāyati, evaṃ vīriyindriyassa adhimattatā passaddhiādibhāvanāya hāyati samādhipakkhiyattā tassā. Tathāhi sā samādhindriyassa adhimattataṃ kosajjapātato rakkhantī vīriyādibhāvanā viya vīriyindriyassa adhimattataṃ uddhaccapātato rakkhantī ekaṃsato <a name="M1.0384"></a> hāpeti. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘passaddhādibhāvanāya hāpetabba’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Soṇattherassa vatthū</span>ti sukhumālasoṇattherassa <a name="V1.0343"></a> vatthu. So hi āyasmā, satthu, santike kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā sītavane viharanto ‘‘mama sarīraṃ sukhumālaṃ, na ca sakkā sukheneva sukhaṃ adhigantuṃ, kāyaṃ kilametvāpi samaṇadhammo kātabbo’’ti ṭhānacaṅkamameva adhiṭṭhāya padhānamanuyuñjanto pādatalesu phoṭesu uṭṭhitesupi vedanaṃ ajjhupekkhitvā daḷhavīriyaṃ karonto accāraddhavīriyatāya visesaṃ nibbattetuṃ nāsakkhi. Satthā tattha gantvā vīṇūpamovādena ovaditvā vīriyasamatāyojanavidhiṃ dassento kammaṭṭhānaṃ sodhetvā gijjhakūṭaṃ gato. Theropi satthārā dinnanayena vīriyasamataṃ yojetvā bhāvento vipassanaṃ ussukkāpetvā arahatte patiṭṭhāsi. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘soṇattherassa vatthu dassetabba’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Sesesupī</span>ti satisamādhipaññindriyesupi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samata</span>nti saddhāpaññānaṃ aññamaññaṃ anūnānadhikabhāvaṃ, tathā samādhivīriyānaṃ. Yathā hi saddhāpaññānaṃ visuṃ visuṃ dhuriyadhammabhūtānaṃ kiccato aññamaññānātivattanaṃ visesato icchitabbaṃ, yato nesaṃ samadhuratāya appanā sampajjati, evaṃ samādhivīriyānaṃ kosajjuddhaccapakkhikānaṃ samarasatāya sati aññamaññūpatthambhanato sampayuttadhammānaṃ antadvayapātābhāvena sammadeva appanā ijjhatīti. <span class="bld">Balavasaddho</span>tiādi vuttassevatthassa byatirekamukhena samatthanaṃ. Tassattho – yo balavatiyā saddhāya samannāgato avisadañāṇo, so <span class="bld">mudhāpasanno hoti,</span> <span class="bld">na</span> aveccappasanno. Tathā hi so <span class="bld">avatthusmiṃ pasīdati</span> seyyathāpi titthiyasāvakā. <span class="bld">Kerāṭikapakkha</span>nti sāṭheyyapakkhaṃ bhajati. Saddhāhīnāya paññāya atidhāvanto ‘‘deyyavatthupariccāgena vinā cittuppādamattenapi dānamayaṃ puññaṃ hotī’’tiādīni parikappeti hetupatirūpakehi vañcito, evaṃbhūto ca sukkhatakkaviluttacitto paṇḍitānaṃ vacanaṃ nādiyati, saññattiṃ na gacchati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘bhesajjasamuṭṭhito viya rogo atekiccho hotī’’</span>ti. Yathā cettha saddhāpaññānaṃ aññamaññaṃ samabhāvo atthāvaho, anatthāvaho visamabhāvo, evaṃ samādhivīriyānaṃ aññamaññaṃ avikkhepāvaho samabhāvo, itaro vikkhepāvaho cāti. <span class="bld">Kosajjaṃ adhibhavati,</span> tena appanaṃ na pāpuṇātīti adhippāyo<a name="M1.0385"></a>. <span class="bld">Uddhaccaṃ adhibhavatī</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Tadubhaya</span>nti saddhāpaññādvayaṃ samādhivīriyadvayañca. <span class="bld">Samaṃ kātabba</span>nti samarasaṃ kātabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samādhikammikassā</span>ti samathakammaṭṭhānikassa. <span class="bld">Eva</span>nti evaṃ sante, saddhāya thokaṃ balavabhāve satīti attho. <span class="bld">Saddahanto</span>ti ‘‘pathavīti manasikāramattena kathaṃ jhānuppattī’’ti acintetvā ‘‘addhā sammāsambuddhena vuttavidhi ijjhissatī’’ti saddahanto saddhaṃ janento. <span class="bld">Okappento</span>ti ārammaṇaṃ anupavisitvā viya adhimuccanavasena avakappento pakkhandanto. <span class="bld">Ekaggatā balavatī vaṭṭati</span> samādhippadhānattā jhānassa. <span class="bld">Ubhinna</span>nti samādhipaññānaṃ. Samādhikammikassa samādhino adhimattatāya <a name="V1.0344"></a> paññāya adhimattatāpi icchitabbāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘samatāyapī’’</span>ti, samabhāvenapīti attho. <span class="bld">Appanā</span>ti lokiyaappanā. Tathā hi <span class="bld">‘‘hotiyevā’’</span>ti sāsaṅkaṃ vadati. Lokuttarappanā pana tesaṃ samabhāveneva icchitā. Yathāha ‘‘samathavipassanaṃ yuganaddhaṃ bhāvetī’’ti (a. ni. 4.17; paṭi. ma. 2.5). Yadi visesato saddhāpaññānaṃ samādhivīriyānañca samatā icchitā, kathaṃ satīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sati pana sabbattha balavatī vaṭṭatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sabbatthā</span>ti līnuddhaccapakkhikesu pañcasu indriyesu. Uddhaccapakkhikekadese gaṇhanto <span class="bld">‘‘saddhāvīriyapaññāna’’</span>nti āha. Aññathā pīti ca gahetabbā siyā. Tathā hi <span class="bld">‘‘kosajjapakkhikena samādhinā’’</span>icceva vuttaṃ, na ‘‘passaddhisamādhiupekkhāhī’’ti. <span class="bld">Sā</span>ti sati. Sabbesu rājakammesu niyutto <span class="bld">sabbakammiko. Tenā</span>ti tenā sabbattha icchitabbatthena kāraṇena. <span class="bld">Āha</span> aṭṭhakathāyaṃ. Sabbattha niyuttā <span class="bld">sabbatthikā,</span> sabbena vā līnuddhaccapakkhiyena bojjhaṅgena atthetabbā sabbatthiyā, sabbatthiyāva <span class="bld">sabbatthikā</span>. <span class="bld">Citta</span>nti kusalacittaṃ. Tassa hi <span class="bld">sati paṭisaraṇaṃ</span> parāyaṇaṃ appattassa pattiyā anadhigatassa adhigamāya. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ārakkhapaccupaṭṭhānā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Khandhādibhede anogāḷhapaññāna</span>nti pariyattibāhusaccavasenapi khandhāyatanādīsu appatiṭṭhitabuddhīnaṃ. Bahussutasevanā hi sutamayañāṇāvahā. Taruṇavipassanāsamaṅgīpi bhāvanāmayañāṇe ṭhitattā ekaṃsato paññavā eva <a name="M1.0386"></a> nāma hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘samapaññāsa…pe… puggalasevanā’’</span>ti. Ñeyyadhammassa gambhīrabhāvavasena tapparicchedakañāṇassa gambhīrabhāvaggahaṇanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘gambhīresu khandhādīsu pavattāya gambhīrapaññāyā’’</span>ti. Tañhi ñeyyaṃ tādisāya paññāya caritabbato gambhīrañāṇacariyaṃ, tassā vā paññāya tattha pabhedato pavatti gambhīrañāṇacariyā, tassā paccavekkhaṇāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘gambhīrapaññāya pabhedapaccavekkhaṇā’’</span>ti. Yathā sativepullappatto nāma arahā eva, evaṃ so eva paññāvepullappattopīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘arahattamaggena bhāvanāpāripūrī hotī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Vīriyādīsu</span>pi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Tattaṃ ayokhilaṃ hatthe gamentī’’tiādinā (ma. ni. 3.250, 267; a. ni. 3.36) pañcavidhabandhanakammakāraṇaṃ niraye nibbattasattassa yebhuyyena sabbapaṭhamaṃ karontīti devadūtasuttādīsu tassā ādito vuttattā ca āha <span class="bld">‘‘pañcavidhabandhanakammakāraṇato paṭṭhāyā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sakaṭavāhanādikāle</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena tadaññaṃ manussehi tiracchānehi ca vibādhiyamānakālaṃ saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Ekaṃ buddhantara</span>nti idaṃ aparāparaṃ petesuyeva uppajjanakasattavasena vuttaṃ, ekaccānaṃ vā <a name="V1.0345"></a> petānaṃ ekaccatiracchānānaṃ viya tathā dīghāyukabhāvato. Tathā hi kāḷo nāgarājā catunnaṃ buddhānaṃ adhigatarūpadassano.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evaṃ ānisaṃsadassāvino</span>ti vīriyāyatto <span class="bld">eva</span> sabbo lokuttaro lokiyo ca visesādhigamoti evaṃ vīriye ānisaṃsadassanasīlassa. <span class="bld">Gamanavīthi</span>nti sapubbabhāgaṃ nibbānagāminiṃ ariyamaggapaṭipadaṃ. Sā hi bhikkhuno vaṭṭanissaraṇāya gantabbā paṭipajjitabbā paṭipadāti katvā gamanavīthi nāma. <span class="bld">Kāyadaḷhībahulo</span>ti yathā tathā kāyassa daḷhīkammapasuto. <span class="bld">Piṇḍa</span>nti raṭṭhapiṇḍaṃ. Paccayadāyakānaṃ attani kārassa attano sammāpaṭipattiyā mahapphalabhāvassa karaṇena piṇḍassa bhikkhāya paṭipūjanā <span class="bld">piṇḍāpacāyanaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nīharanto</span>ti pattatthavikato nīharanto. <span class="bld">Taṃ saddaṃ sutvāti taṃ</span> upāsikāya vacanaṃ paṇṇasāladvāre ṭhitova pañcābhiññatāya dibbasotena sutvā. Manussasampatti dibbasampatti ante nibbānasampattīti <span class="bld">tisso sampattiyo</span><a name="M1.0387"></a>. <span class="bld">Dātuṃ sakkhissasī</span>ti ‘‘tayi katena dānamayena veyyāvaccamayena ca puññakammena khettavisesabhāvūpagamanena aparāparaṃ devamanussasampattiyo ante nibbānasampattiñca dātuṃ sakkhissasī’’ti thero attānaṃ pucchati. <span class="bld">Sitaṃ karontovā</span>ti ‘‘akiccheneva mayā vaṭṭadukkhaṃ samatikkanta’’nti paccavekkhaṇāvasāne sañjātapāmojjavasena sitaṃ karonto eva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vippaṭipanna</span>nti jātidhammakuladhammādilaṅghanena asammāpaṭipannaṃ. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> yathā asammāpaṭipanno putto tāya eva asammāpaṭipattiyā kulasantānato bāhiro hutvā pitu santikā dāyajjassa na bhāgī, evaṃ <span class="bld">kusītopi</span> teneva kusītabhāvena asammāpaṭipanno satthu santikā laddhabbaariyadhanadāyajjassa na bhāgī. <span class="bld">Āraddhavīriyova labhati</span> sammāpaṭipajjanato. Uppajjati vīriyasambojjhaṅgoti yojanā. Evaṃ sabbattha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mahā</span>ti sīlādīhi guṇehi mahanto vipulo anaññasādhāraṇo. Taṃ panassa guṇamahattaṃ dasasahassilokadhātukampanena loke pākaṭanti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘satthuno hī’’</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā satthusāsane pabbajitassa pabbajjupagamena sakyaputtiyabhāvo sampajāyati, tasmā buddhaputtabhāvaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘asambhinnāyā’’</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Alasānaṃ <a name="V1.0346"></a> bhāvanāya nāmamattampi ajānantānaṃ kāyadaḷhībahulānaṃ yāvadatthaṃ bhuñjitvā seyyasukhādianuyuñjanakānaṃ tiracchānakathikānaṃ puggalānaṃ dūrato vajjanā <span class="bld">kusītapuggalaparivajjanā</span>. ‘‘Divasaṃ caṅkamena nisajjāyā’’tiādinā (ma. ni. 1.423; 3.75; saṃ. ni. 4.120; a. ni. 3.16; vibha. 519; mahāni. 161) bhāvanārambhavasena āraddhavīriyānaṃ daḷhaparakkamānaṃ kālena kālaṃ upasaṅkamanā <span class="bld">āraddhavīriyapuggalasevanā</span>. Tenāha – <span class="bld">‘‘kucchiṃ pūretvā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Visuddhimagge</span> pana jātimahattapaccavekkhaṇā sabrahmacārimahattapaccavekkhaṇāti idaṃ dvayaṃ na gahitaṃ, thinamiddhavinodanatā sammappadhānapaccavekkhaṇatāti idaṃ dvayaṃ gahitaṃ. Tattha ānisaṃsadassāvitāya eva sammappadhānapaccavekkhaṇā gahitā hoti lokiyalokuttaravisesādhigamassa vīriyāyattatādassanabhāvato. Thinamiddhavinodanaṃ <a name="M1.0388"></a> tadadhimuttatāya eva gahitaṃ, vīriyuppādane yuttappayuttassa thinamiddhavinodanaṃ atthasiddhameva. Tattha thinamiddhavinodana-kusītapuggalaparivajjana-āraddhavīriyapuggalasevana-tadadhimuttatā paṭipakkhavidhamanapaccayūpasaṃhāravasena, apāyapaccavekkhaṇādayo samuttejanavasena vīriyasambojjhaṅgassa uppādakā daṭṭhabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Purimuppannā pīti parato uppajjanakapītiyā kāraṇabhāvato <span class="bld">‘‘pītiyeva pītisambojjhaṅgaṭṭhānīyā dhammā’’</span>ti vuttā, tassā pana bahuso pavattiyā puthuttaṃ upādāya bahuvacananiddeso, yathā sā uppajjati, evaṃ paṭipatti, <span class="bld">tassā uppādakamanasikāro</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Buddhānussatiyā upacārasamādhiniṭṭhattā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yāva upacārā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sakalasarīraṃ pharamāno</span>ti pītisamuṭṭhānehi paṇītarūpehi sakalasarīraṃ pharamāno. Dhammaguṇe anussarantassapi yāva upacārā sakalasarīraṃ pharamāno pītisambojjhaṅgo uppajjatīti. Evaṃ sesaanussatīsu pasādanīyasuttantapaccavekkhaṇāyañca yojetabbaṃ tassāpi vimuttāyatanabhāvena taggatikattā. <span class="bld">Samāpattiyā…pe… samudācarantī</span>ti idañca upasamānussatidassanaṃ. Saṅkhārānañhi sappadesavūpasamepi nippadesavūpasame viya tathā paññāya pavattito bhāvanāmanasikāro kilesavikkhambhanasamattho hutvā upacārasamādhiṃ āvahanto tathārūpapītisomanassasamannāgato pītisambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya hotīti. Pasādanīyesu ṭhānesu pasādasinehābhāvena thusasamahadayatā lūkhatā, sā tattha ādaragāravākaraṇena viññāyatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘asakkaccakiriyāya saṃsūcitalūkhabhāve’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāyacittadarathavūpasamalakkhaṇā <a name="V1.0347"></a> passaddhi eva passaddhisambojjhaṅgo, tassa <span class="bld">passaddhisambojjhaṅgassa</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṇītabhojanasevanatā</span>ti paṇītasappāyabhojanasevanatā. <span class="bld">Utuiriyāpathasukha</span>ggahaṇena sappāyautuiriyāpathaggahaṇaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Tañhi tividhaṃ sappāyaṃ seviyamānaṃ kāyassa kallatāpādanavasena cittassa kallataṃ <a name="M1.0389"></a> āvahantaṃ duvidhāyapi passaddhiyā kāraṇaṃ hoti. Ahetukaṃ sattesu labbhamānaṃ sukhaṃ dukkhanti ayameko anto, issarādivisamahetukanti pana ayaṃ dutiyo, ete ubho ante anupagamma yathāsakaṃ kammunā hotīti ayaṃ majjhimā paṭipatti. Majjhatto payogo yassa hoti majjhattapayogo, tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">majjhattapayogatā</span>. Ayañhi pahāya sāraddhakāyataṃ passaddhakāyatāya kāraṇaṃ hontī passaddhidvayaṃ āvahati, eteneva sāraddhakāyapuggalaparivajjanapassaddhakāyapuggalavasenānaṃ tadāvahanatā saṃvaṇṇitāti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathāsamāhitākārasallakkhaṇavasena gayhamāno purimuppanno samatho eva <span class="bld">samathanimittaṃ</span>. Nānārammaṇe paribbhamanena vividhaṃ aggaṃ etassāti byaggo, vikkhepo. Tathā hi so anavaṭṭhānaraso bhantatāpaccupaṭṭhāno ca vutto. Ekaggatābhāvato byaggapaṭipakkhoti <span class="bld">abyaggo,</span> samādhi. So eva nimittanti pubbe viya vattabbaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘avikkhepaṭṭhena ca abyagganimitta’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vatthuvisadakiriyā indriyasamattapaṭipādanā ca paññāvahā vuttā, samādhānāvahāpi tā honti samādhānāvahabhāveneva paññāvahabhāvatoti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vatthuvisada…pe… veditabbā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Karaṇabhāvanākosallānaṃ avinābhāvato, rakkhaṇakosallassa ca tammūlakattā <span class="bld">‘‘nimittakusalatā nāma kasiṇanimittassa uggahaṇakusalatā’’</span>icceva vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Kasiṇanimittassā</span>ti ca nidassanamattaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Asubhanimittassādikassapi hi yassa kassaci jhānuppattinimittassa uggahaṇakosallaṃ nimittakusalatā evāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Atisithilavīriyatādīhī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena paññāpayogamandataṃ pamodavekallañca saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Tassa paggahaṇa</span>nti tassa līnassa cittassa dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgādisamuṭṭhāpanena layāpattito samuddharaṇaṃ. Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Yasmiñca <a name="V1.0348"></a> kho, bhikkhave, samaye līnaṃ cittaṃ hoti, kālo tasmiṃ samaye dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya, kālo vīriyasambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya, kālo pītisambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya<a name="M1.0390"></a>. Taṃ kissa hetu? Līnaṃ, bhikkhave, cittaṃ, taṃ etehi dhammehi susamuṭṭhāpayaṃ hoti. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, puriso parittaṃ aggiṃ ujjāletukāmo assa, so tattha sukkhāni ceva tiṇāni pakkhipeyya, sukkhāni ca gomayāni pakkhipeyya, sukkhāni ca kaṭṭhāni pakkhipeyya, mukhavātañca dadeyya, na ca paṃsukena okireyya, bhabbo nu kho so puriso parittaṃ aggiṃ ujjāletunti? Evaṃ sante’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.234).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca yathāsakaṃ āhāravasena dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgādīnaṃ bhāvanā samuṭṭhāpanāti veditabbaṃ, sā anantaraṃ vibhāvitā eva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Accāraddhavīriyatādīhī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena paññāpayogabalavataṃ pamoduppilāvanañca saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Tassa niggahaṇa</span>nti tassa uddhatacittassa samādhisambojjhaṅgādisamuṭṭhāpanena uddhatāpattito nisedhanaṃ. Vuttampi cetaṃ bhagavatā –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Yasmiñca kho, bhikkhave, samaye uddhataṃ cittaṃ hoti, kālo tasmiṃ samaye passaddhisambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya, kālo samādhisambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya, kālo upekkhāsambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya. Taṃ kissa hetu? Uddhataṃ, bhikkhave, cittaṃ, taṃ etehi dhammehi suvūpasamayaṃ hoti. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, puriso mahantaṃ aggikkhandhaṃ nibbāpetukāmo assa, so tattha allāni ceva tiṇāni…pe… paṃsukena ca okireyya, bhabbo nu kho so puriso mahantaṃ aggikkhandhaṃ nibbāpetunti? Evaṃ bhante’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.234).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Etthāpi yathāsakaṃ āhāravasena passaddhisambojjhaṅgādīnaṃ bhāvanā samuṭṭhāpanāti veditabbā. Tattha passaddhisambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanā vuttā eva, samādhisambojjhaṅgassa vuccamānā, itarassa anantaraṃ vakkhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paññāpayogamandatāyā</span>ti paññābyāpārassa appabhāvena. Yathā hi dānaṃ alobhappadhānaṃ, sīlaṃ adosappadhānaṃ, evaṃ bhāvanā amohappadhānā. Tattha yadā paññā na balavatī hoti, tadā bhāvanā pubbenāparaṃ visesāvahā na hoti, anabhisaṅkhato viya āhāro purisassa yogino <a name="M1.0391"></a> cittassa abhiruciṃ na janeti, tena taṃ nirassādaṃ hoti, tathā bhāvanāya sammadeva avīthipaṭipattiyā <a name="V1.0349"></a> upasamasukhaṃ na vindati, tenāpi cittaṃ nirassādaṃ hoti. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘paññāpayoga…pe… nirassādaṃ hotī’’</span>ti. Tassa saṃveguppādanaṃ pasāduppādanañca tikicchananti taṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘aṭṭha saṃvegavatthūnī’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha jātijarābyādhimaraṇāni yathārahaṃ sugatiyaṃ duggatiyañca hontīti tadaññameva pañcavidhabandhanādi-khuppipāsādi-aññamaññavibādhanādihetukaṃ apāyadukkhaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ, tayidaṃ sabbaṃ tesaṃ tesaṃ sattānaṃ paccuppannabhavanissitaṃ gahitanti atīte anāgate ca kāle vaṭṭamūlakadukkhāni visuṃ gahitāni. Ye pana sattā āhārūpajīvino, tattha ca uṭṭhānaphalūpajīvino, tesaṃ aññehi asādhāraṇaṃ jīvikadukkhaṃ aṭṭhamaṃ saṃvegavatthu gahitanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ vuccati samaye sampahaṃsanatā</span>ti ayaṃ sampahaṃsitabbasamaye vuttanayena tena saṃvejanavasena ceva pasāduppādanavasena ca sammadeva pahaṃsanā, saṃvegajananapubbakapasāduppādanena bhāvanācittassa tosanāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sammāpaṭipattiṃ āgammā</span>ti līnuddhaccavirahena samathavīthipaṭipattiyā ca sammā avisamaṃ sammadeva bhāvanāpaṭipattiṃ āgamma. <span class="bld">Alīna</span>ntiādīsu kosajjapakkhiyānaṃ dhammānaṃ anadhimattatāya <span class="bld">alīnaṃ,</span> uddhaccapakkhiyānaṃ anadhimattatāya <span class="bld">anuddhataṃ,</span> paññāpayogasattiyā upasamasukhādhigamena ca <span class="bld">anirassādaṃ,</span> tato eva <span class="bld">ārammaṇe samappavattaṃ samathavīthipaṭipannañca</span>. Tattha alīnatāya <span class="bld">paggahe,</span> anuddhatatāya <span class="bld">niggahe,</span> anirassādatāya <span class="bld">sampahaṃsane na byāpāraṃ āpajjati,</span> alīnānuddhatatāhi ārammaṇe samappavattaṃ, anirassādatāya samathavīthipaṭipannaṃ. Samappavattiyā vā <span class="bld">alīnaṃ anuddhataṃ,</span> samathavīthipaṭipattiyā <span class="bld">anirassāda</span>nti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ vuccati samaye ajjhupekkhanatā</span>ti ayaṃ ajjhupekkhitabbasamaye bhāvanācittassa paggahaniggahasampahaṃsanesu byāvaṭatāsaṅkhātaṃ paṭipakkhaṃ abhibhuyya pekkhanā vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paṭipakkhavikkhambhanato vipassanāya adhiṭṭhānabhāvūpagamanato ca upacārajjhānampi samādānakiccanipphattiyā puggalassa samāhitabhāvasādhanamevāti tattha samadhurabhāvenāha <span class="bld">‘‘upacāraṃ vā appanaṃ vā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṭṭhānīyā dhammā</span>ti ettha yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ heṭṭhā vuttānusārena veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Anurodhavirodhavippahānavasena <a name="M1.0392"></a> majjhattabhāvo upekkhāsambojjhaṅgassa kāraṇaṃ tasmiṃ sati sijjhanato, asati ca asijjhanato, so ca majjhattabhāvo visayavasena duvidhoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sattamajjhattatā saṅkhāramajjhattatā’’</span>ti. Tadubhaye ca virujjhanaṃ passaddhisambojjhaṅgabhāvanāya eva dūrīkatanti <a name="V1.0350"></a> anurujjhanasseva pahānavidhiṃ dassentena <span class="bld">‘‘sattamajjhattatā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘sattasaṅkhārakelāyanapuggalaparivajjanatā’’</span>ti. Upekkhāya hi visesato rāgo paṭipakkho. Tathā cāha ‘‘upekkhā rāgabahulassa visuddhimaggo’’ti (visuddhi. 1.269).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dvīhākārehī</span>ti kammassakatāpaccavekkhaṇaṃ attasuññatāpaccavekkhaṇanti imehi dvīhi kāraṇehi. <span class="bld">Dvīhevā</span>ti avadhāraṇaṃ saṅkhyāsamānatāya. <span class="bld">Assāmikabhāvo</span> anattaniyatā. Sati hi attani tassa kiñcanabhāvena cīvaraṃ aññañca kiñci attaniyaṃ nāma siyā, so pana koci natthevāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Anaddhaniya</span>nti na addhānakkhamaṃ, na ciraṭṭhāyi ittaraṃ aniccanti attho. <span class="bld">Tāvakālika</span>nti tasseva vevacanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mamāyatī</span>ti mamattaṃ karoti, ‘‘mama’’nti taṇhāya pariggayha tiṭṭhati. <span class="bld">Dhanāyantā</span>ti dhanaṃ drabyaṃ karontā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ayaṃ satipaṭṭhānadesanā pubbabhāgamaggavasena desitāti pubbabhāgiyabojjhaṅge sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘bojjhaṅgapariggāhikā sati dukkhasacca’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="centered">Bojjhaṅgapabbavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Catusaccapabbavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para119"></a><a name="para119_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">119</span>. <span class="bld">Yathāsabhāvato</span>ti aviparītasabhāvato bādhanalakkhaṇato, yo yo vā sabhāvo <span class="bld">yathāsabhāvo,</span> tato, ruppanādikakkhaḷādisabhāvatoti attho. <span class="bld">Janikaṃ samuṭṭhāpika</span>nti pavattalakkhaṇassa dukkhassa janikaṃ nimittalakkhaṇassa samuṭṭhāpikaṃ. <span class="bld">Purimataṇha</span>nti dukkhanibbattito puretarasiddhaṃ taṇhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sasantatipariyāpannānaṃ <a name="M1.0393"></a> dukkhasamudayānaṃ appavattibhāvena pariggayhamāno nirodhopi sasantatipariyāpanno viya hotīti katvā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘attano vā cattāri saccānī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Parassa vā</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo. Tenāha bhagavā – ‘‘imasmiṃyeva byāmamatte kaḷevare sasaññimhi samanake lokañca paññapemi, lokasamudayañca paññapemi, lokanirodhañca paññapemi, lokanirodhagāminipaṭipadañca paññapemī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 1.107). Kathaṃ pana ādikampiko <a name="V1.0351"></a> nirodhasaccāni pariggaṇhātīti? Anussavādisiddhamākāraṃ pariggaṇhāti, evañca katvā lokuttarabojjhaṅge uddissapi pariggaho na virujjhati. <span class="bld">Yathāsambhavato</span>ti sambhavānurūpaṃ, ṭhapetvā nirodhasaccaṃ sesasaccavasena samudayavayā veditabbāti attho.</p>
<p class="centered">Catusaccapabbavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Aṭṭhikasaṅkhalikaṃ samaṃsa’’ntiādikā satta sivathikā aṭṭhikakammaṭṭhānatāya itarāsaṃ uddhumātakādīnaṃ sabhāvenevāti navannaṃ sivathikānaṃ appanākammaṭṭhānatā vuttā. <span class="bld">Dveyevā</span>ti ‘‘ānāpānaṃ, dvattiṃsākāro’’ti imāni dveyeva. <span class="bld">Abhiniveso</span>ti vipassanābhiniveso, so pana sammasanīyadhamme pariggaho. Iriyāpathā ālokitādayo ca rūpadhammānaṃ avatthāvisesamattatāya na sammasanupagā viññattiādayo viya. Nīvaraṇabojjhaṅgā ādito na pariggahetabbāti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘iriyāpatha…pe… na jāyatī’’</span>ti. Kesādiapadesena tadupādānadhammā viya iriyāpathādiapadesena tadavatthā rūpadhammā pariggayhanti, nīvaraṇādimukhena ca taṃ sampayuttā taṃnissayadhammāti adhippāyena mahāsīvatthero <span class="bld">‘‘iriyāpathādīsupi</span> <span class="bld">abhiniveso jāyatī’’</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Atthi nu kho me</span>tiādi pana sabhāvato iriyāpathādīnaṃ ādikammikassa anicchitabhāvadassanaṃ. Apariññāpubbikā hi pariññāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para137"></a><a name="para137_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">137</span>. Kāmaṃ ‘‘idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhū’’tiādinā uddesaniddesesu tattha tattha bhikkhuggahaṇaṃ kataṃ, taṃ paṭipattiyā bhikkhubhāvadassanatthaṃ, desanā pana sabbasādhāraṇāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yo hi koci, bhikkhave’’</span>icceva vuttaṃ, na bhikkhuyevāti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘yo hi koci, bhikkhu vā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Dassana</span>maggena ñātamariyādaṃ anatikkamitvā jānantī sikhāppattā aggamaggapaññā <a name="M1.0394"></a> aññā nāma, tassa phalabhāvato aggaphalampīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘aññāti arahatta’’</span>nti. Appatarepi kāle sāsanassa niyyānikabhāvaṃ dassentoti yojanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para138"></a><a name="para138_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">138</span>. <span class="bld">Niyyātento</span>ti nigamento.</p>
<p class="centered">Papañcasūdaniyā majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Satipaṭṭhānasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.</p>
<p class="centered">Niṭṭhitā ca mūlapariyāyavaggavaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="centered">Paṭhamo bhāgo niṭṭhito.</p>
<p class="centered"> Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa</p>
<p class="nikaya">Majjhimanikāye</p>
<p class="book">Mūlapaṇṇāsa-ṭīkā</p>
<p class="subhead">(Dutiyo bhāgo)</p>
<a name="mn1_2"></a>
<p class="chapter">2. Sīhanādavaggo</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Cūḷasīhanādasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para139"></a><a name="para139_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">139</span>. Suttadesanāvatthusaṅkhātassa <a name="M2.0001"></a><a name="V2.0001"></a> atthassa uppatti aṭṭhuppatti, sā tassa atthīti <span class="bld">aṭṭhuppattiko</span>ti vuttovāyamattho. <span class="bld">Lābhasakkārapaccayā</span>ti lābhasakkāranimittaṃ, bhagavato saṅghassa ca uppannalābhasakkārahetu, attano vā lābhasakkāruppādanahetu. <span class="bld">Titthiyaparidevite</span>ti titthiyānaṃ ‘‘kiṃ bho samaṇoyeva gotamo samaṇo’’tiādinā vippalapanimittaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Mahālābhasakkāro uppajjī’’</span>ti vatvā samantapāsādikatthaṃ tassa uppattikāraṇaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘catuppamāṇiko hī’’</span>tiādimāha. Cattāri pamāṇāni catuppamāṇāni, catuppamāṇāni etassa atthīti <span class="bld">catuppamāṇiko</span>. Lokoyeva saṅgamma samāgamma vasanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">lokasannivāso,</span> sattakāyoti attho. Pamināti uḷāratādivisesaṃ etenāti pamāṇaṃ (a. ni. ṭī. 2.4.65) rūpaṃ rūpakāyo pamāṇaṃ etassāti <span class="bld">rūpappamāṇo</span>. Tato eva rūpe pasannoti <span class="bld">rūpappasanno</span>. Sesapadesupi eseva nayo<a name="V2.0002"></a>. <span class="bld">Ghoso</span>ti pavattathutighoso (a. ni. ṭī. 2.4.65). <span class="bld">Lūkha</span>nti paccayalūkhatā. <span class="bld">Dhammo</span>ti sīlādayo guṇadhammā adhippetā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tesaṃ</span> <a name="M2.0002"></a> puggalānaṃ. <span class="bld">Āroha</span>nti uccataṃ. Sā ca kho tasmiṃ tasmiṃ kāle pamāṇayuttā daṭṭhabbā. <span class="bld">Pariṇāha</span>nti nātikisanātithūlatāvasena mitapariṇāhaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṇṭhāna</span>nti tesaṃ tesaṃ aṅgapaccaṅgānaṃ susaṇṭhitataṃ. <span class="bld">Pāripūri</span>nti sabbesaṃ sarīrāvayavānaṃ paripuṇṇataṃ avekallataṃ. <span class="bld">Tattha pamāṇaṃ gahetvā</span>ti tasmiṃ rūpe rūpasampattiyaṃ pamāṇabhāvaṃ upādāya. <span class="bld">Pasādaṃ janetī</span>ti adhimokkhaṃ uppādeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paravaṇṇanāyā</span>ti ‘‘amuko ediso ca ediso cā’’ti yasaguṇavacanena. <span class="bld">Parathomanāyā</span>ti sammukhāva parassa silāghuppādanena abhitthavanena. <span class="bld">Parapasaṃsanāyā</span>ti parammukhā parassa guṇasaṃkittanena. <span class="bld">Paravaṇṇahārikāyā</span>ti paramparavaṇṇahārikāya paramparāya parassa kittisaddūpasaṃhārena. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti tasmiṃ thutighose.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cīvaralūkha</span>nti thūlajiṇṇabahutunnakatādiṃ cīvarassa lūkhabhāvaṃ. <span class="bld">Pattalūkha</span>nti anekaganthikāhatādiṃ pattassa lūkhabhāvaṃ. <span class="bld">Vividhaṃ vā dukkarakārika</span>nti dhutaṅgasevanādivasena pavattaṃ nānāvidhaṃ dukkaracariyaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sīlaṃ vā passitvā</span>ti sīlapāripūrivasena visuddhaṃ kāyavacīsucaritaṃ ñāṇacakkhunā passitvā. Jhānādiadhigamasiddhaṃ <span class="bld">samādhiṃ vā</span>. Vipassanābhiññāsaṅkhātaṃ <span class="bld">paññaṃ vā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bhagavato sarīraṃ disvāti sambandho. <span class="bld">Rūpappamāṇopi sammāsambuddheyeva pasīdati</span> aparimitakālasamupacitapuññānubhāvanipphannāya sabbaso anavajjāya sabbākāraparipuṇṇāvayavāya rūpakāyasampattiyā samantapāsādikattā, yassā rucirabhāvo visuddhe vigatavalāhake deve puṇṇamāsiyaṃ paripuṇṇakalābhāgamaṇḍalaṃ candamaṇḍalaṃ abhibhavitvā atirocati, pabhassarabhāvo saradasamayaṃ saṃvaddhitadiguṇatejakiraṇajālasamujjalaṃ sūriyamaṇḍalaṃ abhibhavati, sommakiraṇarasasamujjalabhāvehi tadubhayehi abhibhuyya vattamānaṃ ekasmiṃ khaṇe dasasahassilokadhātuṃ vijjotanasamatthaṃ mahābrahmuno pabhāsamudayaṃ abhivihacca bhāsate tapate virocati ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Satipi <a name="V2.0003"></a> aṅgapariccāgādīnaṃ dānapāramibhāve pariccāgavisesabhāvadassanatthañceva sudukkarabhāvadassanatthañca <span class="bld">aṅgapariccāgā</span>diggahaṇaṃ, tatthāpi ca aṅgapariccāgato visuṃ <span class="bld">nayanapariccāga</span>ggahaṇaṃ, pariccāgabhāvasāmaññepi rajjapariccāgato <a name="M2.0003"></a> <span class="bld">puttadārapariccāga</span>ggahaṇañca kataṃ. <span class="bld">Ādinā nayenā</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena pubbayogapubbacariyādihetusampattiyā, ‘‘itipi so bhagavā’’tiādinā (dī. ni. 1.157, 255) vuttāya phalasampattiyā, ‘‘so dhammaṃ desetī’’tiādinā (dī. ni. 1.255) vuttāya sattupakārakiriyāya ca saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Sammāsambuddheyeva pasīdati</span> yathāvuttaguṇānaṃ anaññasādhāraṇabhāvato acchariyabbhutabhāvato ca. Sesesupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Cīvaralūkhaṃ disvā’’</span>ti vatvā taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sace bhagavā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sāṇapaṃsukūlacīvarenā</span>ti matakaḷevaraṃ paliveṭhetvā chaḍḍitena tumbamatte kimī papphoṭetvā gahitena sāṇapaṃsukūlacīvarena. <span class="bld">Bhāriya</span>nti garukaṃ, dukkaranti attho. Vadhuyuvatīmajjhimitthivasena, bālayobbanapurāṇavasena vā <span class="bld">tividhanāṭakatā. Hareṇuyūsaṃ</span> maṇḍalakalāyaraso. ‘‘Yāpessati nāmā’’ti nāma-saddaṃ ānetvā sambandho. Nāma-saddayogena hi anāgatakālassa viya payogo, yāpeti icceva attho. <span class="bld">Appāṇaka</span>nti nirassāsaṃ nirodhitassāsapassāsaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samādhiguṇa</span>nti sādhāraṇato vuttamatthaṃ vivarati jhānādiggahaṇena. Mānadabbanimmadanena nibbisevanabhāvāpādanampi damanamevāti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pāthikaputtadamanādīnī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena saccakāḷavakabakadamanādīnaṃ saṅgaho. <span class="bld">Bāveru</span>nti evaṃnāmakaṃ visayaṃ. <span class="bld">Sarasampanno</span>ti aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgatena sarena samannāgato. Tena brahmassaratākaravīkabhāṇitādassanena lakkhaṇahāranayena avasesalakkhaṇapāripūriṃ viya tadavinābhāvato buddhānaṃ desanāvilāsañca vibhāveti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Hatappabhā</span>ti buddhānubhāvena vigatatejā. <span class="bld">Kāḷapakkhūpame</span>ti sattānaṃ byāmohandhakārābhibhavena kāḷapakkharattūpame. <span class="bld">Sūriye</span>ti sūriye udayitvā obhāsenteti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Siṅghāṭake</span>ti tikoṇaracchāyaṃ. <span class="bld">Catukke</span>ti sandhiyaṃ. <span class="bld">Paridevantī</span>ti anutthunanavasena vippalapanti. Sokādhikakato hi vacīpalāpo paridevo. <span class="bld">Loke uppajjamāneyeva uppannā</span>ti attano diṭṭhivādassa purātanabhāvaṃ dīpenti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sesapadesupī</span>ti <a name="M2.0004"></a><a name="V2.0004"></a> ‘‘idha dutiyo samaṇo’’tiādīsu sesavāresupi (a. ni. ṭī. 2.4.241-242) yathā hi ‘‘vivicceva kāmehī’’ti (pārā. 11; dī. ni. 1.226; saṃ. ni. 2.152; a. ni. 4.123) ettha kato niyamo ‘‘vivicca akusalehī’’ti (pārā. 11; dī. ni. 1.226; saṃ. ni. 2.152; a. ni. 4.123) etthāpi katoyeva hoti sāvadhāraṇasseva atthassa icchitabbattā, evamidhāpīti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘dutiyādayopī’’</span>tiādi. Sāmaññaphalādhigamavasena nippariyāyato samaṇabhāvoti tesaṃ vasenettha cattāro samaṇā desitāti tamatthaṃ suttantarena samatthetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tenevāhā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Paṭipattikkamena desanākkamena ca sakadāgāmiādīnaṃ dutiyāditā vuttāti sotāpannassa paṭhamatā avuttasiddhāti na coditā. <span class="bld">Phalaṭṭhakasamaṇāva adhippetā</span> samitapāpasamaṇaggahaṇato. Kasmā panettha <span class="bld">mahāparinibbāne</span> viya maggaṭṭhā tadatthāya paṭipannā ca na gahitāti? Veneyyajjhāsayato. Tattha hi maggādhigamatthāya vipassanāpi ito bahiddhā natthi, kuto maggaphalānīti dassentena bhagavatā ‘‘ñāyassa dhammassa padesavattī, ito bahiddhā samaṇopi natthī’’ti vuttaṃ. Idha pana niṭṭhānappattameva taṃtaṃsamaṇabhāvaṃ gaṇhantena phalaṭṭhakasamaṇāva gahitā ‘‘maggaṭṭhato phalaṭṭho savisesaṃ dakkhiṇeyyo’’ti. Svāyamattho dvīsu suttesu desanābhedeneva viññāyatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rittā</span>ti vivittā. <span class="bld">Tucchā</span>ti nissārā paṭipannakasārābhāvato. Pavadanti etehīti <span class="bld">pavādā,</span> diṭṭhigatikānaṃ nānādiṭṭhidīpakā samayāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘cattāro sassatavādā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ parato āgamissati. <span class="bld">Te</span>ti yathāvuttasamaṇā. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti ‘‘parappavādā’’ti vutte bāhirakasamaye.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ya</span>nti yasmiṃ. Bhummatthe hi idaṃ paccattavacanaṃ. Ñāyo vuccati saha vipassanāya ariyamaggo. Tena hi nibbānaṃ ñāyati gammati paṭivijjhatīti. So eva nibbānasampāpakahetutāya dhammoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ñāyassa dhammassā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tesaṃ</span> parappavādasāsanānaṃ <span class="bld">akhettatā khettatā ca ariyamaggassa</span> abhāvabhāvā suparisuddhassa sīlassa suparisuddhāya samathavipassanāya <span class="bld">abhāvato sāvato ca</span>. Tadubhayañca durakkhātasvākkhātabhāvahetukaṃ, so ca asammāsambuddhasammāsambuddhapaveditatāyāti parājikāya <a name="M2.0005"></a> satthu vipattihetutāya sāsanassa aniyyānabhāvoti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni <a name="V2.0005"></a> yathāvuttamatthaṃ pariyāyato ca pāḷiyā ca samatthetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tenāha bhagavā’’</span>tiādinā pāḷiṃ dassetvā upamāpadesena tattha suttaṃ vibhāvento <span class="bld">‘‘yasmā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha yasmā ekaccānaṃ visesato sīhānaṃ purimaṃ pādadvayaṃ hatthakiccampi karoti, tasmā āha <span class="bld">‘‘surattahatthapādo’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sīhassa kesā</span> nāma kesarāyatanā khandhalomā. <span class="bld">Gocariyahatthikulaṃ</span> nāma pakatihatthikulaṃ, yaṃ ‘‘kālāvaka’’ntipi vuccati. <span class="bld">Ghoṭako</span> nāma assakhaḷuṅko. Sineruparibhaṇḍe simbalirukkhehi sañchādito paññāsayojano daho simbalidaho, taṃ parivāretvā mahantaṃ simbalivanaṃ, taṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘simbalidahavane’’</span>ti. Aññatitthāvāsabhūmiyaṃ imesu samaṇesu ekacco na uppajjati, īdiso panettha vikappo natthi, sabbena sabbaṃ na uppajjantevāti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘ekasamaṇopī’’</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Ariyamaggaparikkhate</span>ti ariyamagguppattiyā abhisaṅkhate, yadā sāsanikānaṃ sammāpaṭipattiyā ariyamaggo dibbati, tadāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sammā</span>ti suṭṭhu. Suṭṭhu nadanaṃ nāma hetuyuttaṃ suṭṭhu katvā kathananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘hetunā’’</span>ti. So ca hetu aviparīto eva icchitabboti āha <span class="bld">‘‘nayenā’’</span>ti, ñāyenāti attho. Evaṃbhūto ca so yathādhippetatthaṃ karoti sādhetīti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘kāraṇenā’’</span>ti. Yadi tiracchānasīhassa nādo sabbatiracchānaekaccamanussāmanussanādato seṭṭhattā seṭṭhanādo, kimaṅgaṃ pana tathāgatasīhanādoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sīhanādanti seṭṭhanāda’’</span>nti. Yadi tiracchānasīhanādassa seṭṭhanādatā nibbhayatāya appaṭisattutāya icchitā, tathāgatasīhanādasseva ayamattho sātisayoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘abhītanādaṃ appaṭināda’’</span>nti. Idānissa seṭṭhanādabhāvaṃ kāraṇena paṭipādento <span class="bld">‘‘imesañhī’’</span>tiādimāha. Tena ‘‘sammā’’ti vuttamatthaṃ samattheti. Tattha <span class="bld">atthitāyā</span>ti iminā sīhanādassa uttamatthataṃ dasseti. Bhūtaṭṭho hi uttamaṭṭho. Tāya eva bhūtaṭṭhatāya abhītanādatāti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘ime samaṇā…pe… nāma hotī’’</span>ti āha. Abhūtañhi vadato kutoci <a name="M2.0006"></a> bhayaṃ vā āsaṅkā vā siyāti ‘‘idhevā’’ti niyamassa aviparītataṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘amhākampi…pe… appaṭinādo nāma hotī’’</span>ti āha. Yañhi aññatthāpi atthi, taṃ idhevāti avadhāretuṃ na yuttanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para140"></a><a name="para140_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">140</span>. <span class="bld">Kho</span>ti avadhāraṇe. Tena vijjati evāti dasseti. Yanti karaṇatthe paccattanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yena kāraṇenā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Titthaṃ nāma dvāsaṭṭhi diṭṭhiyo</span> tabbinimuttassa kassaci diṭṭhivipphanditassa abhāvato. Pāragamanasaṅkhātaṃ taraṇaṃ diṭṭhigatikānaṃ (a. ni. ṭī. 2.3.62) tattha tattheva aparāparaṃ ummujjananimujjanavasena pilavananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘taranti uppalavantī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Uppādetā</span>ti pūraṇādiko. Titthe jātāti <span class="bld">titthiyā,</span> yathāvuttaṃ vā diṭṭhigatasaṅkhātaṃ <a name="V2.0006"></a> titthaṃ etesaṃ atthīti titthikā, titthikā eva <span class="bld">titthiyā</span>. Assasanti ettha, etenāti vā <span class="bld">assāso,</span> avassayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pakatatthaniddeso yaṃ-taṃ-saddoti tassa ‘‘bhagavatā’’tiādīhi padehi samānādhikaraṇabhāvena vuttassa yena abhisambuddhabhāvena bhagavā pakato satthubhāvena adhigato supākaṭo ca, taṃ abhisambuddhabhāvaṃ saddhiṃ āgamanapaṭipadāya atthabhāvena dassento <span class="bld">‘‘yo so…pe… abhisambuddho’’</span>ti āha. Satipi ñāṇadassanasaddānaṃ idha paññāvevacanabhāve tena tena visesena nesaṃ savisaye visesappavattidassanatthaṃ (sārattha. ṭī. parivāra 3.1) asādhāraṇavisesavasena vijjāttayavasena vijjābhiññānāvaraṇavasena sabbaññutaññāṇamaṃsacakkhuvasena paṭivedhadesanāñāṇavasena ca te yojetvā dassento <span class="bld">‘‘tesaṃ tesa’’</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">āsayānusayaṃ jānatā</span> āsayānusayañāṇena, <span class="bld">sabbaṃ ñeyyadhammaṃ passatā</span> sabbaññutānāvaraṇañāṇehi. <span class="bld">Pubbenivāsādīhī</span>ti pubbenivāsaāsavakkhayañāṇehi. Anaññasādhāraṇapuññānubhāvanibbatto anuttarañāṇādhigamaladdhapurāvattako ca bhagavato rūpakāyo atikkammeva devānaṃ devānubhāvaṃ vattatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbasattānaṃ…pe… passatā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Paṭivedhapaññāyā</span>ti maggapaññāya. Tāya hi sabbaso ñeyyadhammesu sammohassa vidhamitattā pacchā pavattajānanaṃ tassa jānanaṃ viya vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Arīna</span>nti kilesārīnaṃ, pañcavidhamārānaṃ vā sāsanapaccatthikānaṃ vā aññatitthiyānaṃ, tesaṃ hananaṃ pāṭihāriyehi abhibhavanaṃ appaṭibhānatākaraṇaṃ ajjhupekkhanaṃ <a name="M2.0007"></a> vā. <span class="bld">Kesivinayasutta</span>ñcettha (a. ni. 4.111) nidassanaṃ. Tathā ca ṭhānāṭṭhānādīni vā <span class="bld">jānatā,</span> yathākammupage satte <span class="bld">passatā,</span> savāsanānamāsavānaṃ khīṇattā <span class="bld">arahatā,</span> abhiññeyyādibhede dhamme abhiññeyyādito aviparītāvabodhena <span class="bld">sammāsambuddhena</span>. Atha vā tīsu kālesu appaṭihatañāṇatāya <span class="bld">jānatā,</span> kāyakammādīnaṃ ñāṇānuparivattanena nisammakāritāya <span class="bld">passatā,</span> ravādīnampi (sārattha. ṭī. parivāra 3.1) abhāvasādhikāya pahānasampadāya <span class="bld">arahatā,</span> chandādīnaṃ ahānihetubhūtāya akkhayapaṭibhānasādhikāya sabbaññutāya <span class="bld">sammāsambuddhena</span>. Evaṃ dasabalaaṭṭhārasāveṇikabuddhadhammavasenapi yojanā veditabbā. <span class="bld">Ye</span>ti caturo dhamme. <span class="bld">Attanī</span>ti amhesu. Na rājarājamahāmattādīsu upatthambhaṃ sampassamānā, na kāyabalaṃ sampassamānāti yojanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uppannapasādo</span>ti aveccappasādaṃ vadati. Vakkhati hi ‘‘cattāri sotāpannassa aṅgāni kathitānī’’ti <a name="V2.0007"></a> (ma. ni. aṭṭha. 1.140). Kāmaṃ asekkhāpi asekkhāya samasikkhatāya sahadhammikā eva, ciṇṇabrahmacariyatāya pana sahadhammaṃ carantīti na vattabbāti asekkhavāro na gahito. <span class="bld">Sabbepete</span>ti ete yathāvuttā bhikkhuādayo sotāpannādayo ca puthujjanā ariyā cāti sabbepi ete taṃtaṃsikkhāhi samānadhammattā sahadhammattā <span class="bld">‘‘sahadhammikā’’</span>ti vuccanti. Idāni nibbattitaariyadhammavaseneva sahadhammike dassento <span class="bld">‘‘apicā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Maggadassanamhī</span>ti pariññābhisamayādivasena saccapaṭivedhena ‘‘nava maggaṅgāni, aṭṭha bojjhaṅgānī’’tiādinā vivādo natthi. <span class="bld">Ekadhammacāritāyā</span>ti samānadhammacāritāya. Na hi paṭividdhasaccānaṃ ‘‘mayā dhammo sudiṭṭho, tayā duddiṭṭho’’tiādinā vivādo atthi. Diṭṭhisīlasāmaññena saṅghātā hi te uttamapurisā. <span class="bld">Iminā</span>ti ‘‘sahadhammikā kho panā’’tiādivacanena. Tattha <span class="bld">piyamanāpa</span>ggahaṇena sīlesu paripūrakāritāpadesena ekadesena gahitaṃ saṅghasuppaṭipattiṃ paripuṇṇaṃ katvā dasseti. Ye hi sampannasīlā suvisuddhadassanā, te viññūnaṃ piyā manāpāti. <span class="bld">Ettāvatā</span>ti ‘‘atthi kho no āvuso’’tiādinayappavattena ratanattayapasādajotanena <span class="bld">akkhātā</span> tesu tesu suttapadesesu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para141"></a><a name="para141_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">141</span>. <span class="bld">Satthari pasādo</span>ti <span class="bld">pasāda</span>ggahaṇena ‘‘bhagavatā’’tiādinā vā pasādanīyā dhammā gahitā. Tena buddhasubuddhataṃ dasseti, tathā <span class="bld">‘‘dhamme</span> <a name="M2.0008"></a> <span class="bld">pasādo’’</span>ti iminā dhammasudhammataṃ, itarena saṅghasuppaṭipannataṃ. Yena cittena aññattha anupalabbhamānena sāsaneyeva samaṇo ito bahiddhā natthīti ayamattho, sammadeva, patiṭṭhāpitoti veditabbaṃ. Tatrāyaṃ yojanā – yasmā sammāsambuddho amhākaṃ satthā, tasmā atthi kho no, āvuso, satthari pasādo, sammāsambuddhattā cassa svākhāto dhammoti atthi dhamme pasādo, tato eva ca atthi sīlesu paripūrakāritāti sahadhammikā…pe… pabbajitā cāti evamettha satthari pasādena dhamme pasādo, tena saṅghasuppaṭipattīti ayañca nayo lesenapi parappavādesu natthīti idheva samaṇo…pe… samaṇehi aññehīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paṭividdhasaccānaṃ pahīnānurodhānaṃ gehassitapemassa asambhavo evāti <span class="bld">‘‘idānī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Yadi evaṃ ‘‘upajjhāyena, bhikkhave, saddhivihārikamhi puttapemaṃ upaṭṭhapetabbaṃ’’tiādivacanaṃ (mahāva. 65) kathanti? Nayidaṃ gehassitapemaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ, taṃsadisattā pana pemamukhena vutto mettāsneho. Na hi bhagavā bhikkhū saṃkilese niyojeti. <span class="bld">Evarūpaṃ pemaṃ sandhāyā</span>ti pasādāvahaguṇāvahato pūraṇādīsu bhatti pasādo na hoti, pasādapatirūpakā pana lobhapavattīti daṭṭhabbā. <span class="bld">Thero</span>ti mahāsaṅgharakkhitatthero. Yena <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathā</span> potthakaṃ <a name="V2.0008"></a> āropitā. <span class="bld">Ekova satthā</span> anaññasādhāraṇaguṇattā, aññathā anacchariyattā satthulakkhaṇameva na paripūreyya. <span class="bld">Visuṃ katvā</span>ti aññehi vivecetvā attano āveṇikaṃ katvā. ‘‘Amhākaṃ satthā’’ti byāvadantānaṃ aññesaṃ satthā na hotīti atthato āpannameva hoti, tathā ca padesavattiniṃ tassa satthutaṃ paṭijānantā paripuṇṇalakkhaṇasatthutaṃ icchantānampi tato viruddhā satthubhāvapariyesanena parājitā honti. <span class="bld">Pariyattidhamme</span>ti adhikabrahmaguṇasuttageyyādippabhedasamaye. Tattha <span class="bld">ajasīla…pe… kukkurasīlādīsū</span>ti idaṃ yebhuyyena aññatitthiyānaṃ tādisaṃ vatasamādānasabbhāvato vuttaṃ, <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena yamaniyamacātuyāmasaṃvarādīnaṃ saṅgahoti. <span class="bld">Adhippayāso</span>ti adhikaṃ payasati payujjati etenāti adhippayāso, savisesaṃ adhikattabbakiriyā (a. ni. ṭī. 2.3.117). Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘adhikappayogo’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tassa</span> <a name="M2.0009"></a> <span class="bld">pasādassa pariyosānabhūtā</span>ti tassa satthari dhamme ca pasādassa niṭṭhānabhūtā. <span class="bld">Niṭṭhā</span>ti mokkho. Samayavādīnañhi tasmiṃ tasmiṃ samaye tadupadesake ca pasādo yāvadeva mokkhādhigamanaṭṭho. Diṭṭhigatikā tathā tathā attano laddhivasena niṭṭhaṃ parikappenti yevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘niṭṭhaṃ apaññapento nāma natthī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Brāhmaṇāna</span>nti brāhmaṇavādīnaṃ. Tesaṃ ekacce brahmunā salokatā niṭṭhāti vadanti, ekacce tassa samīpatā, ekacce tena saṃyogo niṭṭhāti vadanti. Tattha ye salokatāvādino samīpatāvādino ca, te dvedhāvādino, itare advedhāvādino. Sabbepi te atthato brahmalokupapattiyaṃyeva niṭṭhāsaññino. Tattha hi nesaṃ niccābhiniveso yathā taṃ bakassa brahmuno. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘brahmaloko niṭṭhā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Brahmaloko</span>ti paṭhamajjhānabhūmi. <span class="bld">Mahātāpasāna</span>nti vekhanasāditāpasānaṃ. Mahābrahmā viya paṭhamajjhānabhūmiyaṃ ābhassaresu eko sabbaseṭṭho natthīti <span class="bld">‘‘ābhassarā’’</span>ti puthuvacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Paribbājakāna</span>nti sañcayādiparibbājakānaṃ. Anto ca mano ca etassa natthīti <span class="bld">anantamānaso</span>. Ājīvakānañhi sabbadābhāvato ananto, sukhadukkhādisamatikkamanato amānaso. Iminā aṭṭhahi lokadhammehi upakkiliṭṭhacittataṃ dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Papañce</span> yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ heṭṭhā vuttameva. <span class="bld">Taṇhādiṭṭhiyova adhippetā</span> mamaṅkāraahaṅkāravigamassa adhippetattā. Yathā pañcasu ṭhānesu ekova kileso lobho āgato, evaṃ dvīsu ṭhānesu tayo kilesā āgatā ‘‘doso moho diṭṭhī’’ti. ‘‘Sadosassā’’ti hi vuttaṭṭhāne paṭighaṃ akusalamūlaṃ gahitaṃ, ‘‘paṭiviruddhassā’’ti virodho, ‘‘samohassā’’ti moho akusalamūlaṃ, ‘‘aviddasuno’’ti malyaṃ, asampajaññaṃ vā, ‘‘saupādānassā’’ti ‘‘natthi dinna’’ntiādinā nayena gahaṇaṃ, ‘‘papañcārāmassā’’ti papañcuppattivasena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ākārato</span>ti <a name="V2.0009"></a> pavattiākārato. Padantarena rāgavisesassa vuccamānattāādito vuttaṃ sarāgavacanaṃ oḷārikaṃ rāgavisayanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pañcakāmaguṇikarāgavasenā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Gahaṇavasenā</span>ti daḷhaggahaṇavasena. ‘‘Anuruddhapaṭiviruddhassā’’ti ekapadavasena pāḷiyaṃ āgatattā ekajjhaṃ paduddhāro kato. Tattha pana ‘‘anuruddhassā’’ti subhavasenāti evamattho vattabbo. Na hi paṭivirujjhanaṃ subhavasena hoti. <span class="bld">Papañcuppattidassanavasenā</span>ti kilesakammavipākānaṃ aparāparuppattipaccayatāya <a name="M2.0010"></a> saṃsārassa papañcanaṃ papañco, tassa uppattihetubhāvadassanavasena. Taṇhā hi bhavuppattiyā visesapaccayo. <span class="bld">Taṇhāpaccayā upādānadassanavasenā</span>ti taṇhāpaccayassa upādānassa dassanavasena, yadavatthā taṇhā upādānassa paccayo, tadavatthādassanavasena. Phalena hi hetuvisesakittanametanti. <span class="bld">Evaṃ viddhaṃsethā</span>ti kāmarāgabhavataṇhādivasena lobhaṃ kasmā evaṃ vippakiretha. <span class="bld">Taṇhākaraṇavasenā</span>ti taṇhāyanakaraṇavasena subhākāraggahaṇavasena. Subhanti hi ārammaṇe pavatto rāgo ‘‘subha’’nti vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para142"></a><a name="para142_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">142</span>. Vadanti etenāti <span class="bld">vādo,</span> diṭṭhivādo. Diṭṭhivasena hi ‘‘sassato attā ca loko ca, asassato attā ca loko cā’’ti ca diṭṭhigatikā paññapenti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘dvemā, bhikkhave, diṭṭhiyo’’</span>ti (ma. ni. 1.142). Taṇhārahitāya diṭṭhiyā abhāvato taṇhāvaseneva ca attano sassatabhāvābhinivesoti katvā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘taṇhādiṭṭhivasenā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Allīnā</span>ti nissitā. <span class="bld">Upagatā</span>ti avissajjanavasena ekibhāvamiva gatā. <span class="bld">Ajjhositā</span>ti tāya diṭṭhiyā gilitvā pariniṭṭhāpitā viya tadantogadhā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘anupaviṭṭhā’’</span>ti. Yathā gahaṭṭhānaṃ kāmajjhosānaṃ vivādamūlaṃ, evaṃ pabbajitānaṃ diṭṭhajjhosānanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vibhavadiṭṭhiyā te paṭiviruddhā’’</span>ti. Diṭṭhivirodhena hi diṭṭhigatikavirodho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Khaṇikasamudayo uppādakkhaṇoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘diṭṭhīnaṃ nibbattī’’</span>ti. Diṭṭhinibbattiggahaṇeneva cettha yathā diṭṭhīnaṃ paṭiccasamuppannatā vibhāvitā, evaṃ diṭṭhivatthunopīti ubhayesampi aniccatā dukkhatā anattatā ca vibhāvitāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Yāni <span class="bld">paṭisambhidānayena</span> (paṭi. ma. 1.122) ‘‘paccayasamudayo aṭṭha ṭhānānī’’ti vuttāni, tāni dassento <span class="bld">‘‘khandhāpī’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha khandhāpi diṭṭhiṭṭhānaṃ ārammaṇaṭṭhena ‘‘rūpaṃ attato samanupassatī’’tiādivacanato (saṃ. ni. 3.81; 4.345). <span class="bld">Avijjāpi diṭṭhiṭṭhānaṃ</span> upanissayādivasena paccayabhāvato. Yathāha – ‘‘assutavā, bhikkhave, puthujjano ariyānaṃ adassāvī ariyadhammassa akovido’’tiādi (ma. ni. 1.2, 461; saṃ. ni. 3.1, 7). <span class="bld">Phassopi diṭṭhiṭṭhānaṃ</span>. Yathā cāha ‘‘tadapi phassapaccayā (dī. ni. 1.118-130), phussa phussa paṭisaṃvediyantī’’ti (dī. ni. 1.144) ca<a name="V2.0010"></a>. <span class="bld">Saññāpi diṭṭhiṭṭhānaṃ</span>. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘saññānidānā hi papañcasaṅkhāti <a name="M2.0011"></a> (su. ni. 880), pathaviṃ pathavito saññatvā’’ti (ma. ni. 1.2) ca ādi. <span class="bld">Vitakkopi diṭṭhiṭṭhānaṃ</span>. Vuttampi cetaṃ ‘‘takkañca diṭṭhīsu pakappayitvā, saccaṃ musāti dvayadhammamāhū’’ti (su. ni. 892; mahāni. 121) ‘‘takkī hoti vīmaṃsī’’ti (dī. ni. 1.34) ca ādi. <span class="bld">Ayonisomanasikāropi diṭṭhiṭṭhānaṃ</span>. Yathāha bhagavā ‘‘tasseva ayoniso manasikaroto channaṃ diṭṭhīnaṃ aññatarā diṭṭhi uppajjati, atthi me attāti assa saccato thetato diṭṭhi uppajjatī’’tiādi (ma. ni. 1.19). Samuṭṭhāti etenāti samuṭṭhānaṃ, tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">samuṭṭhānaṭṭho,</span> tena. <span class="bld">Khaṇikatthaṅgamo</span> khaṇikanirodho. <span class="bld">Paccayatthaṅgamo</span> avijjādīnaṃ accantanirodho. So pana yena hoti, taṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘sotāpattimaggo’’</span>ti āha. Cattāro hi ariyamaggā yathārahaṃ tassa tassa saṅkhāragatassa accantanirodhahetu, khaṇikanirodho pana ahetuko.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ānisaṃsa</span>nti udayaṃ. So pana diṭṭhadhammikasamparāyikavasena duvidho. Tattha samparāyiko duggatiparikilesatāyaādīnavapakkhiko evāti itaraṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ sandhāyā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Ādīnavampi</span> diṭṭhadhammikameva dassento <span class="bld">‘‘diṭṭhiggahaṇamūlakaṃ upaddava’’</span>ntiādimāha. <span class="bld">So</span>tiādīnavo. <span class="bld">Ādīna</span>nti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena naggiyānasanasaṅkaṭivatādīnaṃ saṅgaho. Nissarati etenāti nissaraṇanti vuccamāne dassanamaggo eva diṭṭhīnaṃ nissaraṇaṃ siyā, tassa pana atthaṅgamapariyāyena gahitattā sabbasaṅkhatanissaṭaṃ nibbānaṃ diṭṭhīhipi nissaṭanti katvā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘diṭṭhīnaṃ nissaraṇaṃ nāma nibbāna’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Iminā</span>tiādīsu vattabbaṃ anuyogavatte vuttanayameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para143"></a><a name="para143_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">143</span>. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhicchedanaṃ dassento</span>ti sabbupādānapariññādassanena sabbaso diṭṭhīnaṃ samucchedavidhiṃ dassento. <span class="bld">Vuttāyevā</span>ti –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Upādānāni cattāri, tāni atthavibhāgato;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Dhammasaṅkhepavitthārā, kamato ca vibhāvaye’’ti. (visuddhi. 2.645) –</p>
<p class="bodytext">Gāthaṃ uddisitvā atthavibhāgādivasena vuttāyeva. Kāmaṃ ito bāhirakānaṃ ‘‘imāni upādānāni ettakāni cattāri, na ito bhiyyo’’ti īdisaṃ ñāṇaṃ natthi, kevalaṃ pana keci ‘‘kāmā pahātabbā’’ti vadanti, keci ‘‘natthi paro lokoti ca, micchā’’ti vadanti, apare ‘‘sīlabbatena suddhīti <a name="M2.0012"></a> ca, micchā’’ti vadanti, attadiṭṭhiyā pana micchābhāvaṃ sabbaso na jānanti eva. Yattakaṃ pana jānanti, tassapi accantappahānaṃ na jānanti, tathāpi sabbassa pariññeyyassa <a name="V2.0011"></a> pariññeyyaṃ paññapemaicceva tiṭṭhanti. Evaṃbhūtānaṃ pana nesaṃ tattha yādisī paṭipatti, taṃ dassento satthā <span class="bld">‘‘santi, bhikkhave’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">santī</span>ti saṃvijjanti. Tena tesaṃ diṭṭhigatikānaṃ vijjamānatāya avicchedataṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Eke</span>ti ekacce. <span class="bld">Samaṇabrāhmaṇā</span>ti pabbajjupagamanena samaṇā, jātimattena ca brāhmaṇā. <span class="bld">Sabbesa</span>nti anavasesānaṃ upādānānaṃ <span class="bld">samatikkamaṃ</span> pahānaṃ. <span class="bld">Sammā na paññapentī</span>ti yesaṃ paññapenti, tesampi sammā pariññaṃ na paññapenti. Idāni taṃ atthaṃ vitthārato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kecī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha hotika-kuṭīcaka-bahūdaka-haṃsa-paramahaṃsa-kājaka-tidaṇḍa-monavata-seva-pārupaka-pañcamarattika- somakāraka-mugabbata-carabāka-tāpasa-niganthā-jīvaka-isi-pārāyanika-pañcātapika-kāpila- kāṇāda-saṃsāramocaka-aggibhattika-magavatika-govatika-kukkuravatika-kāmaṇḍaluka- vaggulivatika-ekasāṭaka-odakasuddhika-sarīrasantāpaka-sīlasuddhika-jhānasuddhika-catubbidha- sassatavādādayo channavuti taṇhāpāsena ḍaṃsanato, ariyadhammassa vā vibādhanato <span class="bld">pāsaṇḍā. Vatthupaṭisevanaṃ kāma</span>nti byāpārassa vatthuno paṭisevanasaṅkhātaṃ kāmaṃ. <span class="bld">Theyyena sevantī</span>ti paṭihatthaādisamaññāya lokassa vacanavasena sevanti. <span class="bld">Tīṇi kāraṇānī</span>ti ‘‘natthi dinna’’ntiādinayappavattāni diṭṭhivisesabhūtāni vaṭṭakāraṇāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Atthasallāpikā</span>ti atthassa sallāpikā, dvinnaṃ adhippetatthasallāpavibhāvinīti adhippāyo. Dvinnañhi vacanaṃ sallāpo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘pathavī kirā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yo titthiyānaṃ attano satthari dhamme sahadhammikesu ca pasādo vutto, tassa anāyatanagatattā appasādakabhāvadassanaṃ pasādapacchedo. Tathāpavatto vādo <span class="bld">pasādapacchedavādo</span> vutto. <span class="bld">Evarūpe</span>ti īdise vuttanayena kilesānaṃ anupasamasaṃvattanike. <span class="bld">Dhamme</span>ti dhammapatirūpake. <span class="bld">Vinaye</span>ti vinayapatirūpake. Titthiyā hi kohaññe ṭhatvā lokaṃ vañcentā dhammaṃ kathemāti ‘‘sattime kāyā akaṭā akaṭavidhā’’tiādinā (dī. ni. 1.174) yaṃ kiñci kathetvā tathā ‘‘vinayaṃ paññapemā’’ti <a name="M2.0013"></a> gosīlavaggulivatādīni paññapetvā tādisaṃ sāvake sikkhāpetvā ‘‘dhammavinayo’’ti kathenti, taṃ sandhāyetaṃ vuttaṃ ‘‘dhammavinaye’’ti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ubhayenapi aniyyānikaṃ sāsanaṃ dassetī’’</span>ti. Parittampi nāma puññaṃ kātukāmaṃ maccheramalābhibhūtatāya nivārentassa antarāyaṃ tassa karoto diṭṭheva dhamme viññūhi garahitabbatā samparāye ca duggati pāṭikaṅkhā, kimaṅgaṃ pana sakalavaṭṭadukkhanissaraṇāvahe jinacakke pahāradāyino titthakarassa tadovādakarassa cāti imamatthaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘aniyyānikasāsanamhi hī’’</span>tiādimāha. Yathā so pasādo <a name="V2.0012"></a> samparāye na sammaggato attano pavattivasenāti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘kañci kālaṃ gantvāpi pacchā vinassati yevā’’</span>ti āha, aveccappasādo viya accantiko na hotīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sampajjamānā</span> yathāvidhipaṭipattiyā <span class="bld">tiracchānayoniṃ āvahati</span>. Kammasarikkhakena hi vipākeneva bhavitabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbampi kāraṇabheda</span>nti sabbampi yathāvuttaṃ titthakarānaṃ sāvakānaṃ apāyadukkhāvahaṃ micchāpaṭipattisaṅkhātaṃ kāraṇavisesaṃ. <span class="bld">So panesa</span> pasādo <span class="bld">na niyyāti</span> micchattapakkhikattā surāpītasiṅgāle pasādo viya. Suraṃ parissāvetvā chaḍḍitakasaṭaṃ <span class="bld">surājallikaṃ</span>. Brāhmaṇā nāma dhanaluddhāti adhippāyenāha <span class="bld">‘‘imaṃ vañcessāmī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Kaṃsasatā</span>ti kahāpaṇasatā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para144"></a><a name="para144_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">144</span>. <span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti pasādassa. Sabbopi lobho kāmupādānanteva vuccatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘arahattamaggena kāmupādānassa pahānapariñña’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Evarūpe</span>ti īdise sabbaso kilesānaṃ upasamasaṃvattanike. Yathānusiṭṭhaṃ paṭipajjamānānaṃ apāyesu apatanavasena dhāraṇaṭṭhena <span class="bld">dhamme</span>. Sabbaso vinayanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">vinaye</span>. Tattha bhavadukkhanissaraṇāya saṃvattane.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Namassamāno aṭṭhāsi</span> dve asaṅkhyeyyāni paccekabodhipāramīnaṃ pūraṇena tattha buddhasāsane paricayena ca bhagavati pasannacittatāya ca. <span class="bld">‘‘Ulūkā’’</span>tyādigāthā rukkhadevatāya bhāsitā. <span class="bld">Kāluṭṭhita</span>nti sāyanhakāle divāvihārato uṭṭhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Duggateso na gacchatī</span>ti duggatiṃ eso na gamissati. <span class="bld">Morajiko</span> murajavādako. <span class="bld">Mahābherivādakavatthu</span>ādīnipi sitapātukaraṇaṃ ādiṃ katvā vitthāretabbāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paramatthe</span>ti <a name="M2.0014"></a> lokuttaradhamme. <span class="bld">Kiṃ pana vattabba</span>nti dhammepi paramatthe nimittaṃ gahetvā suṇantānaṃ. <span class="bld">Sāmaṇeravatthū</span>ti pabbajitadivaseyeva sappena daṭṭho hutvā kālaṃ katvā devalokaṃ upapannasāmaṇeravatthu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Khīrodana</span>nti khīrena saddhiṃ sammissaṃ odanaṃ. <span class="bld">Timbarusaka</span>nti tindukaphalaṃ. Tipusasadisā ekā vallijāti timbarusaṃ, tassa phalaṃ timbarusakanti ca vadanti. <span class="bld">Kakkārika</span>nti khuddakaelāḷukaṃ. Mahātipusanti ca vadanti. <span class="bld">Vallipakka</span>nti khuddakatipusavalliyā phalaṃ. <span class="bld">Hatthapatāpaka</span>nti mandāmukhi. <span class="bld">Ambakañjika</span>nti ambilakañjikaṃ. Khaḷayāguntipi vadanti. <span class="bld">Doṇinimmajjani</span>nti satelaṃ tilapiññākaṃ. <span class="bld">Vidhupana</span>nti caturassabījaniṃ<a name="V2.0013"></a>. <span class="bld">Tālavaṇṭa</span>nti tālapattehi katamaṇḍalabījaniṃ. <span class="bld">Morahattha</span>nti morapiñchehi kataṃ makasabījaniṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vuttanayānusārenevā</span>ti yasmā idhāpi yathāvuttaṃ sabbampi kāraṇabhedaṃ ekato katvā dassento satthā ‘‘taṃ kissa hetū’’ntiādimāha, tasmā tattha aniyyānikasāsane vuttanayassa anussaraṇavasena yojetvā veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para145"></a><a name="para145_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">145</span>. <span class="bld">Pariñña</span>nti pahānapariññaṃ. <span class="bld">Tesaṃ paccayaṃ dassetu</span>nti upādānānaṃ pariññā nāma pahānapariññā. Tesaṃ accantanirodho adhippeto, so ca paccayanirodhena hotīti tesaṃ paccayaṃ mūlakāraṇato pabhuti dassetuṃ. <span class="bld">Aya</span>nti idāni vuccamāno <span class="bld">ettha</span> ‘‘ime cā’’tiādipāṭhe ‘‘kiṃ nidānā’’tiādisamāsapadānaṃ attho. <span class="bld">Sabbapadesū</span>ti ‘‘taṇhāsamudayā’’tiādīsu sabbesu padesu. Iminā eva ca sabbaggahaṇena ‘‘phassanidānā’’tiādīnampi padānaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. Ime aññatitthiyā upādānānampi samudayaṃ na jānanti, kuto nirodhaṃ, tathāgato pana tesaṃ tappaccayapaccayānampi samudayañca atthaṅgamañca yāthāvato jānāti, tasmā – ‘‘idheva, bhikkhave, samaṇo…pe… suññā parappavādā samaṇebhi aññehī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.139) yathāraddhasīhanādaṃ matthakaṃ pāpetvā dassento ‘‘ime ca, bhikkhave, cattāro upādānā’’tiādinā (ma. ni. 1.145) nayena desanaṃ paṭiccasamuppādamukhena otārento vaṭṭaṃ dassetvā ‘‘yato ca kho’’tiādinā vivaṭṭaṃ dassento arahattena desanāya kūṭaṃ gaṇhi, tamatthaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘yasmā pana bhagavā’’</span>tiādimāha. Taṃ suviññeyyameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Cūḷasīhanādasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.</p>
<p class="subhead">2. Mahāsīhanādasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">Vesālīnagaravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para146"></a><a name="para146_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">146</span>. <span class="bld">Aparāpara</span>nti <a name="M2.0015"></a><a name="V2.0014"></a> punappunaṃ. <span class="bld">Visālībhūtatāyā</span>ti gāvutantaraṃ gāvutantaraṃ puthubhūtatāya. <span class="bld">Tatrā</span>ti tassaṃ visālībhūtatāyaṃ. <span class="bld">Chaḍḍitamatte</span>ti vissaṭṭhamatte. <span class="bld">Ūmibhayādīhī</span>ti ūmikumbhīlaāvaṭṭasaṃsukābhayehi. Udakappavāhenāgatassapi ca usmā na vigacchati, usmā ca nāma īdisassa saviññāṇakatāya bhaveyyāti <span class="bld">‘‘siyā gabbho’’</span>ti cintesi. <span class="bld">Tathā</span> hītiādi tattha kāraṇacintā. Puññavantatāya <span class="bld">duggandhaṃ</span> nāhosi, sausumatāya <span class="bld">pūtikabhāvo</span>. Dārakānaṃ puññūpanissayato <span class="bld">aṅguṭṭhakato cassa khīraṃ nibbatti,</span> khīrabhattañca labhi. Carimakabhave bodhisatte kucchigate bodhisattamātu viya udaracchaviyā acchavippasannatāya nicchavi viyāti katvā āha <span class="bld">‘‘nicchavī ahesu’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Tesa</span>nti dvinnaṃ dārakānaṃ. <span class="bld">Mātāpitaro</span>ti posakamātāpitaro. <span class="bld">Abhisiñcitvā rājānaṃ akaṃsu</span> rajjasampattiyā dāyakassa kammassa katattā, asambhinne eva rājakule uppannattā ca. Kumārassa puññānubhāvasañcoditā devatādhiggahitāti keci.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Purassa apare</span>ti purassa aparadisāya gāvutamatte ṭhāne jīvakambavanaṃ viya sapākāramandirake. <span class="bld">Acirapakkanto</span>ti ettha na desantarapakkamanaṃ adhippetaṃ, atha kho sāsanato apakkamananti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘vibbhamitvā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tenevāha ‘‘imasmā dhammavinayā’’ti. <span class="bld">Parisatī</span>ti parisāyaṃ, janasamūheti attho. Janasamūhagato pana <span class="bld">‘‘parisamajjhe’’</span>ti vutto. Bhāvanāmanasikārena vinā pakatiyāva manussehi nibbattetabbo dhammoti <span class="bld">manussadhammo,</span> manussattabhāvāvaho vā dhammo <span class="bld">manussadhammo,</span> anuḷāraṃ parittakusalaṃ. Yaṃ asatipi buddhuppāde vattati, yañca sandhāyāha ‘‘hīnena brahmacariyena, khattiye upapajjatī’’ti. ‘‘Amhākaṃ buddho’’ti buddhe mamattakārino <span class="bld">buddhamāmakā</span>. Sesapadadvayepi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="subhead">Uttarimanussadhammādivaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Alaṃ <a name="M2.0016"></a> ariyāya ariyabhāvāyāti <span class="bld">alamariyo,</span> rūpāyatanaṃ jānāti cakkhuviññāṇaṃ viya passati cāti <span class="bld">ñāṇadassanaṃ,</span> dibbacakkhu. Sammasanupage ca pana dhamme lakkhaṇattayañca tathā jānāti <a name="V2.0015"></a> passati cāti <span class="bld">ñāṇadassanaṃ,</span> vipassanā. Nibbānaṃ, cattāri vā saccāni asammohapaṭivedhato jānāti passati cāti <span class="bld">ñāṇadassanaṃ,</span> maggo. Phalaṃ pana nibbānavaseneva yojetabbaṃ. Paccavekkhaṇā maggādhigatassa atthassa paccakkhato jānanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">ñāṇadassanaṃ,</span> sabbaññutā anāvaraṇatāya samantacakkhutāya ca <span class="bld">ñāṇadassanaṃ. Lokuttaramaggo adhippeto,</span> tasmiñhi paṭisiddhe sabbesampi buddhaguṇānaṃ asambhavoti adhippāyo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tañhi so bhagavato paṭisedhetī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sukhumaṃ dhammantaraṃ</span> nāma jhānavipassanādikaṃ ācariyānuggahena <span class="bld">gahitaṃ nāma natthi. Takkapariyāhata</span>nti ‘‘iti bhavissati, evaṃ bhavissatī’’ti taṃtaṃdassetabbamatthatakkanena vitakkanamattena parito āhataṃ parivattitaṃ katvā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘takketvā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Lokiyapaññaṃ anujānāti</span> upanisinnaparisāya anukūladhammakathanatoti adhippāyo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘samaṇo gotamo’’</span>tiādi. Paṭibhātīti paṭibhānaṃ, ‘‘iti vakkhāmī’’ti evaṃpavattaṃ kathanacittaṃ, tato paṭibhānato jānanaṃ paṭibhānaṃ, āgamābhāvato sayameva upaṭṭhitattā <span class="bld">sayaṃpaṭibhānaṃ</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘imināssa dhammesu paccakkhabhāvaṃ paṭibāhatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Suphusita</span>nti nibbivaraṃ. Aphusitatte hi sukhena vacīghoso na niccharati. <span class="bld">Dantāvaraṇa</span>nti oṭṭhadvayaṃ. Jivhāpi thaddhatāya sukhena vacīghoso na niccharatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘mudukā jivhā’’</span>ti. Karavīkarutamañjutāya <span class="bld">madhuro saro</span>. Elaṃ vuccati doso, elaṃ gaḷatīti elagaḷā, na elagaḷā <span class="bld">anelagaḷā,</span> niddosā, na rujjhatīti attho. Sabbametaṃ rañjanasseva kāraṇaṃ dassento vadati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pañca dhammā</span>ti gambhīrañāṇacariyabhūtānaṃ khandhādīnaṃ uggahaṇa-savana-dhāraṇa-paricaya-yonisomanasikāre sandhāyāha. <span class="bld">Takkarassa sammā dukkhakkhayāyā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">sammā</span>-saddo ubhayatthāpi yojetabbo ‘‘sammā takkarassa sammā dukkhakkhayāyā’’ti. Yo hi sammā dhammaṃ paṭipajjati, tasseva sammā dukkhakkhayo hoti. Yo pana vuttanayena takkaro, tassa niyyānaṃ atthato dhammasseva niyyānanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘so dhammo…pe… niyyāti gacchatī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para147"></a><a name="para147_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">147</span>. <span class="bld">Kodhano</span>ti <a name="M2.0017"></a> kujjhanasīlo. Yasmā pana sunakkhatto kodhavasena kurūro pharusavacano ca, tasmā āha <span class="bld">‘‘kodhanoti caṇḍo pharuso cā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tasmiṃ attabhāve maggaphalānaṃ upanissayo natthī</span>ti tasmiṃ attabhāve uppajjanārahānaṃ maggaphalānaṃ upanissayo natthi. <span class="bld">Taṃ buddhā ‘‘moghapuriso’’ti vadanti</span> yathā taṃ sudinnalāḷudāyiādike. <span class="bld">Upanissaye satipi tasmiṃ khaṇe magge vā phale vā asati ‘‘moghapuriso’’ti vadanti</span> yathā taṃ dhaniyūpasenattherādike. Samucchinnopanissaye pana vattabbameva natthi. Yathā ‘‘makkhali moghapuriso manussakhippaṃ <a name="V2.0016"></a> maññe’’ti (a. ni. 1.311) tathā sunakkhattopīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘imassa panā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti etena. Kattari hidaṃ sāmivacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Kodhenā</span>ti kodhahetunā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhagavato</span>ti sampadānavacanaṃ kuddhapadāpekkhāya. <span class="bld">Pubbe</span>ti bhikkhukāle. <span class="bld">Saddaṃ sotukāmo</span>ti so kira dibbacakkhunā tāvatiṃsabhavane devatānaṃ rūpaṃ passanto oṭṭhacalanaṃ passati, na pana saddaṃ suṇāti, tasmā tāsaṃ saddaṃ sotukāmo ahosi. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘saddaṃ sotukāmo…pe… pucchī’’</span>ti. So ca atīte ekaṃ sīlavantaṃ bhikkhuṃ kaṇṇasakkhaliyaṃ paharitvā badhiramakāsi, tasmā parikammaṃ karontopi abhabbova dibbasotādhigamāya. Taṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘upanissayo natthīti ñatvā parikammaṃ na kathesī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Cintesī</span>ti attano micchāparivitakkitena ayoniso ummujjanto cintesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Niyyānikattāvabodhanato abhedopacārena <span class="bld">‘‘desanādhammo niyyāniko’’</span>ti vutto. Niyyāno vā ariyamaggo bodhetabbo etassa atthīti <span class="bld">niyyāniko desanādhammo. Attani atthitaṃ dasseti</span> kiccasiddhidassanena tattha tattha pākaṭīkatattā, na paṭiññāmattena. Tathā hi yathāparādhaṃ taṃtaṃsikkhāpadapaññattiyā yathādhammaṃ veneyyajjhāsayānurūpañca aviparītadhammadesanāya devamanussehi yathābhisaṅkhatapañhānaṃ tadajjhāsayānukūlaṃ ṭhānaso vissajjanena ca bhagavato sabbattha appaṭihatañāṇacārabhāvena <span class="bld">sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ</span> viññūnaṃ pākaṭaṃ, tathā tattha tattha yamakapāṭihāriyakaraṇādīsu <span class="bld">iddhividhañāṇādīnī</span>ti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘mayhañcā’’</span>tiādi. Anveti yathāgahitasaṅketassa anugamanavasena eti <a name="M2.0018"></a> jānātīti <span class="bld">anvayo</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘anubujjhatīti attho’’</span>ti. Saṅketānugamanañcettha ‘‘yathāparādhaṃ taṃtaṃsikkhāpadapaññattiyā’’tiādinā vuttanayameva. <span class="bld">Evaṃ yojanā veditabbā</span>ti yathā sabbaññutaññāṇena yojanā katā, evaṃ ‘‘evarūpampi nāma mayhaṃ iddhividhañāṇasaṅkhātaṃ uttarimanussadhamma’’ntiādinā tattha tattha yojanā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="centered">Uttarimanussadhammādivaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Dasabalañāṇavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para148"></a><a name="para148_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">148</span>. Yadipi ādito abhiññāttayavasena desanāya āgatattā cetopariyañāṇānantaraṃ upari tisso abhiññā vattabbā siyunti vattabbaṃ siyā, atthato pana vijjāttayaṃ yathāvuttaabhiññāttayamevāti <a name="V2.0017"></a> katvā <span class="bld">‘‘tisso vijjā vattabbā siyu’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. Kasmā panettha <span class="bld">‘‘tāsu vuttāsu upari dasabalañāṇaṃ na paripūratī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ, nanu imāni ñāṇāni sesābhiññā viya attano visayassa abhijānanaṭṭhaṃ upādāya abhiññāsu vattabbāni, akampiyaṭṭhaṃ pana upatthambhanaṭṭhañca upādāya balañāṇesu yathā sammāsatiādayo indriyabalabojjhaṅgamaggaṅgesūti? Nayidamevaṃ. Tattha hi dhammānaṃ dhammakiccavisesavibhāvanaparāya desanāya vuttaṃ, idha pana satthu guṇavisesavibhāvanaparāya desanāya tathā vattuṃ na sakkā atthato anaññattā, ekaccānaṃ puthujjanānaṃ evaṃ cittaṃ uppajjeyya ‘‘kimidaṃ bhagavā heṭṭhā vuttaguṇe punapi gaṇhanto guṇādhikadassanaṃ karotī’’ti. Tasmā suvuttametaṃ ‘‘upari dasabalañāṇaṃ na paripūratī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aññehi asādhāraṇānī</span>ti kasmā vuttaṃ (a. ni. ṭī. 3.10.21), nanu cetāni sāvakānampi ekaccānaṃ uppajjantīti? Kāmaṃ uppajjanti, yādisāni pana buddhānaṃ ṭhānāṭṭhānañāṇādīni, na tādisāni tadaññesaṃ kadācipi uppajjantīti aññehi asādhāraṇānīti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tathāgatasseva balānī’’</span>ti. Imameva hi yathāvuttalesaṃ apekkhitvā tadabhāvato āsayānusayañāṇādīsu eva asādhāraṇaguṇasamaññā niruḷhā. Kāmaṃ ñāṇabalānaṃ ñāṇasambhāro visesapaccayo, puññasambhāropi pana nesaṃ paccayo eva<a name="M2.0019"></a>, ñāṇasambhārassapi vā puññasambhārabhāvato <span class="bld">‘‘puññussayasampattiyā āgatānī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pakatihatthikula</span>nti (saṃ. ni. 2.22) giricaranadīcaravanacarādippabhedā gocariyakālāvakanāmā sabbāpi balena pākatikā hatthijāti. <span class="bld">Dasannaṃ purisāna</span>nti thāmamajjhimānaṃ dasannaṃ purisānaṃ. Ekassa tathāgatassa kāyabalanti ānetvā sambandho. <span class="bld">Ekassā</span>ti ca tathā heṭṭhākathāyaṃ āgatattā desanāsotena vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Nārāyanasaṅghātabala</span>nti ettha nārā vuccanti rasmiyo, tā bahū nānāvidhā ito uppajjantīti <span class="bld">nārāyanaṃ,</span> vajiraṃ, tasmā nārāyanasaṅghātabalanti vajirasaṅghātabalanti attho. <span class="bld">Ñāṇabalaṃ pana pāḷiyaṃ āgatameva,</span> na kāyabalaṃ viya aṭṭhakathāruḷhamevāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">‘‘Saṃyuttake āgatāni tesattati ñāṇāni sattasattati ñāṇānī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ (vibha. mūlaṭī. 760), tattha pana nidānavagge sattasattati āgatāni catucattārīsañca, tesattati pana paṭisambhidāmagge (paṭi. ma. 1.73 mātikā) sutamayādīni āgatāni dissanti, na saṃyuttake. <span class="bld">Aññānipī</span>ti etena ñāṇavatthuvibhaṅge ekakādivasena vuttāni, aññattha ca ‘‘pubbante ñāṇa’’ntiādinā (dha. sa. 1076) brahmajālādīsu (dī. ni. 1.36) ca ‘‘tayidaṃ tathāgato pajānāti, imāni diṭṭhiṭṭhānāni evaṃ gahitānī’’tiādinā vuttāni anekāni ñāṇappabhedāni saṅgaṇhāti. Yāthāvapaṭivedhato sayañca <a name="V2.0018"></a> akampiyaṃ puggalañca taṃsamaṅgiṃ neyyesu adhibalaṃ karotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘akampiyaṭṭhena upatthambhanaṭṭhena cā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Usabhassa idanti <span class="bld">āsabhaṃ,</span> (a. ni. ṭī. 2.4.8) seṭṭhaṃ ṭhānaṃ. Sabbaññutapaṭijānanavasena abhimukhaṃ gacchanti, aṭṭha vā parisā upasaṅkamantīti <span class="bld">āsabhā,</span> pubbabuddhā. <span class="bld">Idaṃ panā</span>ti buddhānaṃ ṭhānaṃ sabbaññutameva vadati. <span class="bld">Tiṭṭhamānovā</span>ti avadantopi (saṃ. ni. ṭī. 2.2.22) tiṭṭhamānova paṭijānāti nāmāti attho. <span class="bld">Upagacchatī</span>ti anujānāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aṭṭhasu parisāsū</span>ti ‘‘abhijānāmi kho panāhaṃ, sāriputta, anekasataṃ khattiyaparisaṃ…pe… tatra vata maṃ bhayaṃ vā sārajjaṃ vā okkamissatīti nimittametaṃ, sāriputta, na samanupassāmī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.151) vuttāsu aṭṭhasu parisāsu. <span class="bld">Abhītanādaṃ</span> <a name="M2.0020"></a> <span class="bld">nadatī</span>ti parato dassitañāṇayogena dasabalohanti abhītanādaṃ nadati. <span class="bld">Sīhanādasuttena khandhavagge</span> (saṃ. ni. 3.78) āgatena.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Devamanussānaṃ catucakkaṃ vattatī’’ti (a. ni. 4.31) suttasesena sappurisūpassayādīnaṃ phalasampattipavatti, purimasappurisūpassayādiṃ upanissāya pacchimasappurisūpassayādīnaṃ sampattipavatti vā vuttāti ādi-saddena tattha ca cakka-saddassa gahaṇaṃ veditabbaṃ. Vicakkasaṇṭhānā asani eva <span class="bld">asanivicakkaṃ. Uracakkādīsū</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena āṇāsamūhādīsupi cakka-saddassa pavatti veditabbā. ‘‘Saṅghabhedaṃ karissāma cakkabheda’’ntiādīsu (pārā. 409; cūḷava. 343) hi āṇā ‘‘cakka’’nti vuttā, ‘‘devacakkaṃ asuracakka’’ntiādīsu (a. ni. ṭī. 2.4.8) samūhoti. Paṭivedhaniṭṭhattā arahattamaggañāṇaṃ paṭivedhoti <span class="bld">‘‘phalakkhaṇe uppannaṃ nāmā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Tena paṭiladdhassapi desanāñāṇassa kiccanipphatti parassa bujjhanamattena hotīti <span class="bld">‘‘aññātakoṇḍaññassa sotāpatti…pe… phalakkhaṇe pavattaṃ nāmā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Tato paraṃ pana yāva parinibbānā desanāñāṇappavatti tasseva pavattitassa dhammacakkassa ṭhānanti veditabbaṃ pavattitacakkassa cakkavattino cakkaratanassa ṭhānaṃ viya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Tiṭṭhatī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ, kiṃ bhūmiyaṃ puriso viya? Noti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tadāyattavuttitāyā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ṭhāna</span>nti cettha attalābho dharamānatā ca, na gatinivattīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘uppajjati ceva pavattati cā’’</span>ti<a name="V2.0019"></a>. Yattha panetaṃ dasabalañāṇaṃ vitthāritaṃ, taṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘abhidhamme panā’’</span>tiādimāha. Sesesupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Samādiyantīti <span class="bld">samādānāni,</span> tāni pana samādiyitvā katāni hontīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘samādiyitvā katāna’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Kammameva vā kammasamādāna</span>nti etena samādānasaddassa apubbatthābhāvaṃ dasseti muttagatasadde gatasaddassa viya. <span class="bld">Gatī</span>ti nirayādigatiyo. <span class="bld">Upadhī</span>ti attabhāvo. <span class="bld">Kālo</span>ti kammassa vipaccanārahakālo. <span class="bld">Payogo</span>ti vipākuppattiyā paccayabhūtā kiriyā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Agatigāmini</span>nti nibbānagāminiṃ. Vakkhati hi ‘‘nibbānañcāhaṃ, sāriputta, pajānāmi nibbānagāmiñca maggaṃ nibbānagāminiñca paṭipada’’nti (ma. ni. 1.153). Bahūsupi manussesu ekameva <a name="M2.0021"></a> pāṇaṃ ghātentesu kāmaṃ sabbesaṃ cetanā tassevekassa jīvitindriyārammaṇā, taṃ pana kammaṃ tesaṃ nānākāraṃ. Tesu (vibha. aṭṭha. 811) hi eko ādarena chandajāto karoti, eko ‘‘ehi tvampi karohī’’ti parehi nippīḷito karoti, eko samānacchando viya hutvā appaṭibāhamāno vicarati. Tesu eko teneva kammena niraye nibbattati, eko tiracchānayoniyaṃ, eko pettivisaye. Taṃ tathāgato āyūhanakkhaṇe eva – ‘‘iminā nīhārena āyūhitattā esa niraye nibbattissati, esa tiracchānayoniyaṃ, esa pettivisaye’’ti jānāti. Niraye nibbattamānampi – ‘‘esa mahāniraye nibbattissati, esa ussadaniraye’’ti jānāti. Tiracchānayoniyaṃ nibbattamānampi – ‘‘esa apādako bhavissati, esa dvipādako, esa catuppado, esa bahuppado’’ti jānāti. Pettivisaye nibbattamānampi – ‘‘esa nijjhāmataṇhiko bhavissati, esa khuppipāsiko, esa paradattūpajīvī’’ti jānāti. Tesu ca kammesu – ‘‘idaṃ kammaṃ paṭisandhimākaḍḍhissati, idaṃ aññena dinnāya paṭisandhiyā upadhivepakkaṃ bhavissatī’’ti jānāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā sakalagāmavāsikesu ekato piṇḍapātaṃ dadamānesu kāmaṃ sabbesampi cetanā piṇḍapātārammaṇāva, taṃ pana kammaṃ tesaṃ nānākāraṃ. Tesu hi eko ādarena karotīti sesaṃ purimasadisaṃ, tasmā tesu keci devaloke nibbattanti, keci manussaloke, taṃ tathāgato āyūhanakkhaṇeyeva jānāti – ‘‘iminā nīhārena āyūhitattā esa manussaloke nibbattissati, esa devaloke, tatthāpi esa khattiyakule, esa brāhmaṇakule, esa vessakule, esa suddakule, esa paranimmitavasavattīsu, esa nimmānaratīsu, esa tusitesu, esa yāmesu, esa <a name="V2.0020"></a> tāvatiṃsesu, esa cātumahārājikesu, esa bhummadevesū’’tiādinā tattha tattha hīnapaṇītasuvaṇṇadubbaṇṇaappaparivāramahāparivāratādibhedaṃ taṃ taṃ visesaṃ āyūhanakkhaṇeyeva jānāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā vipassanaṃ paṭṭhapentesuyeva – ‘‘iminā nīhārena esa kiñci sallakkhetuṃ na sakkhissati, esa mahābhūtamattameva vavatthapessati, esa rūpapariggaheyeva ṭhassati, esa arūpapariggaheyeva, esa nāmarūpapariggaheyeva<a name="M2.0022"></a>, esa paccayapariggahe eva, esa lakkhaṇārammaṇikavipassanāya eva, esa paṭhamaphaleyeva, esa dutiyaphale eva, esa tatiyaphale eva, esa arahattaṃ pāpuṇissatī’’ti jānāti. Kasiṇaparikammaṃ karontesupi – ‘‘imassa parikammamattameva bhavissati, esa nimittaṃ uppādessati, esa appanaṃ eva pāpuṇissati, esa jhānaṃ pādakaṃ katvā vipassanaṃ paṭṭhapetvā arahattaṃ gaṇhissatī’’ti jānāti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘imassa cetanā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāmanato, kāmetabbato, kāmapaṭisaṃyuttato ca kāmo dhātu <span class="bld">kāmadhātu. Ādi</span>-saddena byāpādadhātu-rūpadhātu-ādīnaṃ saṅgaho. <span class="bld">Vilakkhaṇatāyā</span>ti visadisasabhāvatāya. <span class="bld">Khandhāyatanadhātuloka</span>nti anekadhātuṃ nānādhātuṃ khandhalokaṃ āyatanalokaṃ dhātulokaṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānātīti yojanā. ‘‘Ayaṃ rūpakkhandho nāma…pe… ayaṃ viññāṇakkhandho nāma. Tesupi ekavidhena rūpakkhandho, ekādasavidhena rūpakkhandho (vibha. 33). Ekavidhena vedanākkhandho, bahuvidhena vedanākkhandho (vibha. 34-61). Ekavidhena saññākkhandho, bahuvidhena saññākkhandho (vibha. 62-91). Ekavidhena saṅkhārakkhandho, bahuvidhena saṅkhārakkhandho (vibha. 92-120). Ekavidhena viññāṇakkhandho, bahuvidhena viññāṇakkhandho’’ti (vibha. 121-149) evaṃ tāva khandhalokassa, ‘‘idaṃ cakkhāyatanaṃ nāma…pe… idaṃ dhammāyatanaṃ nāma. Tattha dasāyatanā kāmāvacarā, dve cātubhūmakā’’tiādinā (vibha. 156-171) āyatanalokassa, ‘‘ayaṃ cakkhudhātu nāma…pe… ayaṃ manoviññāṇadhātu nāma, tattha soḷasa dhātuyo kāmāvacarā, dve cātubhūmakā’’tiādinā (vibha. 172-188) dhātulokassa anekasabhāvaṃ nānāsabhāvañca pajānāti. Na kevalaṃ upādinnakasaṅkhāralokasseva, atha kho anupādinnakasaṅkhāralokassapi – ‘‘imāya nāma dhātuyā ussannattā imassa rukkhassa khandho seto, imassa kāḷo, imassa maṭṭho, imassa sakaṇṭako, imassa bahalattaco, imassa tanuttaco, imassa pattaṃ vaṇṇasaṇṭhānādivasena evarūpaṃ, imassa pupphaṃ nīlaṃ pītaṃ lohitaṃ odātaṃ sugandhaṃ duggandhaṃ, imassa phalaṃ khuddakaṃ mahantaṃ dīghaṃ rassaṃ vaṭṭaṃ susaṇṭhānaṃ dussaṇṭhānaṃ mudukaṃ pharusaṃ sugandhaṃ duggandhaṃ madhuraṃ tittakaṃ kaṭukaṃ <a name="V2.0021"></a> ambilaṃ kasāvaṃ, imassa kaṇṭako tikhiṇo kuṇṭho ujuko <a name="M2.0023"></a> kuṭilo tambo kāḷo odāto hotī’’tiādinā pajānāti. Sabbaññubuddhādīnaṃ eva hi etaṃ balaṃ, na aññesaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nānādhimuttikata</span>nti nānāajjhāsayataṃ. Adhimutti nāma ajjhāsayadhātu ajjhāsayasabhāvo. So pana hīnapaṇītatāsāmaññena pāḷiyaṃ dvidhāva vuttopi hīnapaṇītādibhedena anekavidhoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘hīnādīhi adhimuttīhi nānādhimuttikabhāva’’</span>nti. Tattha tattha ye ye sattā yaṃyaṃadhimuttikā, te te taṃtadadhimuttike eva sevanti bhajanti payirupāsanti dhātusabhāgato. Yathā gūthādīnaṃ dhātusabhāvo eso, yaṃ gūthādīhi eva saṃsandanti samenti, evaṃ (puggalānaṃ ajjhāsayassevesa sabhāvo, yaṃ) (vibha. mūlaṭī. 813) hīnajjhāsayā dussīlādīhi eva saṃsandanti samenti, sampannasīlādayo ca sampannasīlādīheva. Taṃ nesaṃ nānādhimuttikataṃ bhagavā yathābhūtaṃ pajānātīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vuddhiñca hāniñcā</span>ti paccayavisesena sāmatthiyato adhikataṃ anadhikatañca. Indriyaparopariyattañāṇaniddese (vibha. 814; paṭi. ma. 1.113) ‘‘āsayaṃ jānāti anusayaṃ jānātī’’ti āsayādijānanaṃ kasmā niddiṭṭhanti? Āsayajānanādinā yehi indriyehi paroparehi sattā kalyāṇapāpāsayādikā honti, tesaṃ jānanassa vibhāvanato. Evañca katvā indriyaparopariyattaāsayānusayañāṇānaṃ visuṃ asādhāraṇatā, indriyaparopariyattanānādhimuttikatāñāṇānaṃ visuṃ balatā ca siddhā hoti. Tattha āsayanti yattha sattā nivasanti, taṃ tesaṃ nivāsaṭṭhānaṃ diṭṭhigataṃ vā yathābhūtañāṇaṃ vā <span class="bld">āsayo.</span> <span class="bld">Anusayo</span> appahīnabhāvena thāmagato kileso. Taṃ pana bhagavā sattānaṃ āsayaṃ jānanto tesaṃ tesaṃ diṭṭhigatānaṃ, vipassanāmaggañāṇānañca appavattikkhaṇepi jānāti. Vuttaṃ hetaṃ –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Kāmaṃ sevantaṃyeva bhagavā jānāti ‘ayaṃ puggalo kāmagaruko kāmāsayo kāmādhimutto’ti. Kāmaṃ sevantaññeva jānāti ‘ayaṃ puggalo nekkhammagaruko nekkhammāsayo nekkhammādhimutto’ti. Nekkhammaṃ sevantaññeva jānāti. Byāpādaṃ, abyāpādaṃ, thinamiddhaṃ, ālokasaññaṃ sevantaṃyeva <a name="M2.0024"></a> jānāti ‘ayaṃ puggalo thinamiddhagaruko thinamiddhāsayo thinamiddhādhimutto’ti’’ (paṭi. ma. 1.113).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭhamādīnaṃ catunnaṃ jhānāna</span>nti rūpāvacarānaṃ paṭhamādīnaṃ paccanīkajhāpanaṭṭhena ārammaṇūpanijjhānaṭṭhena ca jhānānaṃ. Catukkanayena hetaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhannaṃ vimokkhāna</span>nti ettha paṭipāṭiyā <a name="V2.0022"></a> satta appitappitakkhaṇe paccanīkadhammehi vimuccanato ārammaṇe ca adhimuccanato vimokkhā nāma, aṭṭhamo pana sabbaso saññāvedayitehi vimuttattā apagamavimokkho nāma. Catukkanayapañcakanayesu paṭhamajhānasamādhi savitakkasavicāro nāma, pañcakanaye dutiyajjhānasamādhi avitakkavicāramatto, nayadvayepi upari tīsu jhānesu samādhi avitakkaavicāro, samāpattīsu paṭipāṭiyā aṭṭhannaṃ samādhītipi nāmaṃ, samāpattītipi cittekaggatāsabbhāvato, nirodhasamāpattiyā tadabhāvato na samādhīti nāmaṃ. <span class="bld">Hānabhāgiyadhamma</span>nti appaguṇehi paṭhamajjhānādīhi vuṭṭhitassa saññāmanasikārānaṃ kāmādianupakkhandanaṃ. <span class="bld">Visesabhāgiyadhamma</span>nti paguṇehi paṭhamajjhānādīhi vuṭṭhitassa saññāmanasikārānaṃ dutiyajjhānādipakkhandanaṃ. Iti saññāmanasikārānaṃ kāmādidutiyajjhānādipakkhandanāni hānabhāgiyavisesabhāgiyadhammāti dassitāni, tehi pana jhānānaṃ taṃsabhāvatā dhamma-saddena vuttā. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti vuttamevatthaṃ hetubhāvena paccāmasati. <span class="bld">Vodāna</span>nti paguṇatāsaṅkhātaṃ vodānaṃ. Tañhi paṭhamajjhānādīhi vuṭṭhahitvā dutiyajjhānādiadhigamassa paccayattā <span class="bld">‘‘vuṭṭhāna’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. Ye (a. ni. ṭī. 3.10.21) pana ‘‘nirodhato phalasamāpattiyā vuṭṭhānanti pāḷi natthī’’ti vadanti, te ‘‘nirodhā vuṭṭhahantassa nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ phalasamāpattiyā anantarapaccayena paccayo’’ti imāya <span class="bld">pāḷiyā</span> (paṭṭhā. 1.1.417) paṭisedhetabbā. Yo samāpattilābhī samāno eva <span class="bld">‘‘na</span> labhāmaha’’nti, kammaṭṭhānaṃ samānaṃ eva ‘‘na kammaṭṭhāna’’nti saññī hoti, so sampattiṃyeva samānaṃ ‘‘vipattī’’ti paccetīti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para149"></a><a name="para149_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">149</span>. <span class="bld">Appana</span>nti nigamanaṃ. <span class="bld">Na tathā daṭṭhabba</span>nti yathā paravādinā vuttaṃ, tathā na daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Sakasakakiccameva jānātī</span>ti ṭhānāṭṭhānajānanādiṃ sakaṃ sakaṃyeva kiccaṃ kātuṃ jānāti, yathāsakameva visayaṃ paṭivijjhatīti attho. <span class="bld">Tampī</span>ti tehi dasabalañāṇehi jānitabbampi. <span class="bld">Kammantaravipākantaramevā</span>ti <a name="M2.0025"></a> kammantarassavipākantarameva jānāti, cetanācetanāsampayuttadhamme nirayādinibbānagāminipaṭipadābhūte kammanti gahetvā āha <span class="bld">‘‘kammaparicchedamevā’’</span>ti. Dhātunānattañca dhātunānattakāraṇañca <span class="bld">dhātunānattakāraṇa</span>nti ekadesasarūpekaseso daṭṭhabbo. Tañhi ñāṇaṃ tadubhayampi jānāti, ‘‘imāya nāma dhātuyā ussannattā’’tiādinā (vibha. aṭṭha. 812) tathā ceva saṃvaṇṇitaṃ. <span class="bld">Saccaparicchedamevā</span>ti pariññābhisamayādivasena saccānaṃ paricchindanameva. <span class="bld">Appetuṃ na sakkoti</span> aṭṭhamanavamabalāni viya taṃsadisaṃ iddhividhañāṇaṃ viya <span class="bld">vikubbituṃ</span>. Etenassa balasadisatañca nivāreti. Jhānādiñāṇaṃ viya vā <span class="bld">appetuṃ vikubbitu</span>ñca. Yadipi hi ‘‘jhānādipaccavekkhaṇāñāṇaṃ sattamabala’’nti tassa savitakkasavicāratā vuttā, tathāpi ‘‘jhānādīhi vinā paccavekkhaṇā natthī’’ti <a name="V2.0023"></a> jhānādisahagataṃ ñāṇaṃ tadantogadhaṃ katvā evaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Atha vā sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ jhānādikiccaṃ viya na sabbaṃ balakiccaṃ kātuṃ sakkotīti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘jhānaṃ hutvā appetuṃ na sakkoti iddhi hutvā vikubbituṃ na sakkotī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ, na pana kassaci balassa jhānaiddhibhāvatoti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Evaṃ kiccavisesavasenapi dasabalañāṇasabbaññutaññāṇānaṃ visesaṃ dassetvā idāni vitakkattikabhūmantaravasenapi taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘apicā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭipāṭiyā</span>tiādito paṭṭhāya paṭipāṭiyā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Anupadavaṇṇanaṃ katvā veditabbānīti sambandho. Kilesāvaraṇaṃ niyatamicchādiṭṭhi, kilesāvaraṇassa abhāvo āsavakkhayādhigamassa ṭhānaṃ, tabbhāvo aṭṭhānaṃ, anadhigamassa pana tadubhayaṃ yathākkamaṃ aṭṭhānañca ṭhānañcāti tattha kāraṇaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘lokiya…pe… dassanato cā’’</span>ti āha. Tattha lokiyasammādiṭṭhiyā ṭhiti āsavakkhayādhigamassa ṭhānaṃ kilesāvaraṇābhāvassa kāraṇattā. Sā hi tasmiṃ sati na hoti, asati ca hoti. Etena tassā aṭṭhitiyā tassa aṭṭhānatā vuttā eva. <span class="bld">Nesaṃ</span> veneyyasattānaṃ. <span class="bld">Dhātuvemattadassanato</span>ti kāmadhātuādīnaṃ pavattibhedadassanato. Yadaggena dhātuvemattaṃ jānāti, tadaggena cariyāvisesampi jānāti. <span class="bld">Dhātuvemattadassanato</span>ti vā dhammadhātuvemattadassanato. Sabbāpi hi cariyā <a name="M2.0026"></a> dhammadhātupariyāpannā evāti. <span class="bld">Payogaṃ anādiyitvāpi</span> santatimahāmattādīnaṃ (dha. pa. 142) viya. <span class="bld">Dibbacakkhuñāṇānubhāvato pattabbenā</span>ti ettha dibbacakkhunā parassa hadayavatthusannissayalohitavaṇṇadassanamukhena tadā pavattamānacittajānanatthaṃ parikammakaraṇaṃ nāma sāvakānaṃ, tañca kho ādikammikānaṃ, yato dibbacakkhuānubhāvato cetopariyañāṇassa pattabbatā siyā, buddhānaṃ pana yadipi āsavakkhayañāṇādhigamato pageva dibbacakkhuñāṇādhigamo, tathāpi tathā parikammakaraṇaṃ natthi vijjāttayasiddhiyā sijjhanato. Sesābhiññāttaye cetopariyañāṇaṃ dibbacakkhuñāṇādhigamena pattanti ca vattabbataṃ labhatīti tathā vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Puna evarūpiṃ vācaṃ na vakkhāmī</span>ti cittaṃ uppādento taṃ vācaṃ pajahati nāma. Vācāya pana so attho pākaṭo hotīti <span class="bld">‘‘vadanto’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhiṃ na gaṇhissāmī</span>ti diṭṭhiggāhapaṭikkhepo. Diṭṭhiyā anuppādanaṃ pajahanamevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pajahanto’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">So</span> ariyūpavādī <span class="bld">niraye ṭhapitoyeva,</span> nāssa nirayūpapattiyā koci vibandho ekaṃsiko ayamatthoti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Assā</span>ti <a name="V2.0024"></a> ekaṃsikabhāvassa. Sikkhāhi sīlasamādhipaññāhi, tadatthāya vipassanāya ca vinā aññārādhanassa asambhavato <span class="bld">‘‘lokiyalokuttarā sīlasamādhipaññā veditabbā’’</span>ti vatvā puna āsannatare sīlādike dassento <span class="bld">‘‘lokuttaravaseneva vinivattetumpi vaṭṭatī’’</span>ti āha, tasmā aggamaggapariyāpannā sīlādayo veditabbā. Aggamaggaṭṭhassa hi diṭṭheva dhamme ekaṃsikā aññārādhanā, itaresaṃ anekaṃsikāti. Sampajjanaṃ <span class="bld">sampadā,</span> nipphattīti attho, tasmā <span class="bld">evaṃsampada</span>nti evaṃavirajjhanakanipphattikanti vuttaṃ hoti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘imampi kāraṇa’’</span>ntiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">kāraṇa</span>nti yutti. Tatrāyaṃ yuttiniddhāraṇā ‘‘nirayūpago ariyūpavādī tadādāyassa avijjamānato seyyathāpi micchādiṭṭhī’’ti. Ettha ca ‘‘taṃ vācaṃ appahāyā’’tiādivacanena tadādāyassa appahānena ca ariyūpavādo antarāyiko anatthāvaho ca, pahānena pana accayaṃ desetvā khamāpanena anantarāyiko atthāvaho ca yathā taṃ vuṭṭhitā desitā ca āpattīti dasseti.</p>
<p class="centered">Dasabalañāṇavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Catuvesārajjañāṇavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para150"></a><a name="para150_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">150</span>. Byāmohabhayavasena <a name="M2.0027"></a> (a. ni. ṭī. 2.4.8) saraṇapariyesanaṃ sārajjanaṃ sārado, byāmohabhayaṃ, vigato sārado etassāti visārado, tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">vesārajjaṃ</span>. Taṃ pana ñāṇasampadaṃ pahānasampadaṃ desanāvisesasampadaṃ khemaṃ nissāya pavattaṃ catubbidhaṃ paccavekkhaṇañāṇaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘catūsu ṭhānesū’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Dassitadhammesū</span>ti vuttadhammesu. Vacanamattameva hi tesaṃ, na pana dassanaṃ tādisasseva dhammassa abhāvato. Bhagavatā eva vā ‘‘ime dhammā anabhisambuddhā’’ti parassa vacanavasena <span class="bld">dassitadhammesu</span>. ‘‘Dhammapaṭisambhidā’’tiādīsu (vibha. 718) viya <span class="bld">dhamma</span>-saddo hetupariyāyoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sahadhammenāti sahetunā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Hetū</span>ti ca upapattisādhanahetu veditabbo, na kārako sampāpako ca. <span class="bld">Appamāṇa</span>nti anidassanaṃ. Nidassanañhi anvayato byatirekato pamāṇaṅgatāya ‘‘pamāṇa’’nti vuccati. <span class="bld">Nimitta</span>nti codanāya kāraṇaṃ. Tattha codako codanaṃ karotīti <span class="bld">kāraṇaṃ,</span> dhammo codanaṃ karoti etenāti <span class="bld">kāraṇaṃ</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘puggalopī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Khema</span>nti kenaci appaṭibandhiyabhāvena anupaddutataṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Antarāyo <a name="V2.0025"></a> etesaṃ atthi, antarāyevā yuttāti <span class="bld">antarāyikā</span>. Evaṃbhūtā pana te yasmā antarāyakarā nāma honti, tasmā āha <span class="bld">‘‘antarāyaṃ karontīti antarāyikā’’</span>ti. Asañcicca vītikkamo na tathā sāvajjoti katvā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sañcicca vītikkantā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Satta āpattikkhandhā</span>tiādi nidassanamattaṃ itaresampi catunnaṃ ‘‘antarāyikā’’ti vuttadhammānaṃ tabbhāve byabhicārābhāvato. <span class="bld">Idha pana methunadhammo adhippeto</span>ti idaṃ aṭṭhuppattivasena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">ariṭṭhasikkhāpadaṃ</span> (pāci. 417-422) viya. Yasmā taṅkhaṇampi kāmesu (a. ni. ṭī. 2.4.8) ādīnavaṃ disvā viratto (a. ni. ṭī. 2.4.8) hoti ce, visesaṃ adhigacchati, na kāmesu āsatto, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘methunaṃ…pe… antarāyo hotī’’</span>ti. Tattha <span class="bld">yassa kassacī</span>ti na kevalaṃ pabbajitasseva, atha kho yassa kassaci. Tathā hi vuttaṃ ‘‘methunamanuyuttassa, mussatevāpi sāsana’’nti. <span class="bld">Tasmiṃ aniyyānikadhamme</span>ti tasmiṃ parena parikappitaaniyyānikadhammanimittaṃ. Nimittatthe hi idaṃ kammasaṃyoge bhummaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Catuvesārajjañāṇavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Aṭṭhaparisavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para151"></a><a name="para151_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">151</span>. Purisassa <a name="M2.0028"></a> sūratarabhāvo nāma saṅgāme pākaṭo hoti, na gehe nisinnakāle, evaṃ vesārajjañāṇassa ānubhāvo paṇḍitaparisāsu yattha katthacīti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘vesārajjañāṇassa baladassanattha’’</span>nti āha. <span class="bld">Sannipatitvā nisinnaṭṭhāna</span>nti ṭhānasīsena sannipatitakhattiyaparisameva dasseti. <span class="bld">Eseva nayo sabbatthā</span>ti atidesena āvibhāvitamatthaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘mārakāyikāna’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ sadisatthavisayattā atidesassa. Yathā hi khattiyānaṃ samūho khattiyaparisāti ayamattho labbhati, na evaṃ ‘‘māraparisā’’ti ettha, mārassa parisāti pana māraparisāti ayamattho adhippeto. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘mārakāyikānaṃ…pe… na mārāna’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Mārakāyikāna</span>nti mārapakkhiyānaṃ. <span class="bld">Uggaṭṭhānadassanavasenā</span>ti sārajjitabbaṭṭhānadassanavasena, evaṃ uggā khattiyā attano puññatejenāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Brāhmaṇā tīsu vedesū</span>ti idaṃ itaresaṃ avisayadassanavasena vuttaṃ. Vede sajjhāyantāpi hi khattiyā vessā ca tadatthavicāraṇāya yebhuyyena asamatthā evāti. Kasmā panettha yāmādiparisā na gahitāti? Bhusaṃ kāmābhigiddhatāya yonisomanasikāravirahato. Yāmādayo hi uḷāruḷāre kāme paṭisevantā tatthābhigiddhatāya dhammassavanāya sabhāvena cittampi na uppādenti, mahābodhisattānaṃ pana buddhānañca <a name="V2.0026"></a> ānubhāvena ākaḍḍhiyamānā kadāci tesaṃ payirupāsanādīni karonti tādise mahāsamaye. Teneva hi vimānavatthudesanāpi tannimittā bahulā nāhosi. Manussānaṃ vasenāyaṃ katā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paracakkavāḷesu ca manussānaṃ visesādhigamo natthīti pucchati <span class="bld">‘‘kiṃ pana bhagavā aññāni cakkavāḷānipi gacchatī’’</span>ti. Itaro yadipi tesaṃ ariyadhammādhigamo natthi, vāsanāya pana tattha gantvā dhammaṃ desetīti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘āmagacchatī’’</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Keyūraṃ</span> nānāvidharatanaparisibbitasuvaṇṇajālavinaddhaṃ bhujābharaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Aṅgadaṃ</span> nānāgandhagandhitaṃ, kevalaṃ vā suvaṇṇamayaṃ bāhuvalayaṃ. <span class="bld">Chinnassarā</span>ti dvidhābhūtassarā (dī. ni. ṭī. 2.172) <span class="bld">gaggarassarā</span>ti gaggarikāya viya gaggarāyamānakharassarā (dī. ni. ṭī. 2.172; a. ni. ṭī. 3.8.69). <span class="bld">Bhāsantara</span>nti tesaṃ bhāsaṃ (dī. ni. ṭī. 2.172; a. ni. ṭī. 3.8.69) sandhāyāha. <span class="bld">‘‘Vīmaṃsā</span> <a name="M2.0029"></a> <span class="bld">uppajjatī’’</span>ti saṅkhepato vuttaṃ vivarituṃ <span class="bld">‘‘idaṃ vuttaṃ hotī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saṅgammā</span>ti samāgantvā. Ādito lāpo <span class="bld">ālāpo,</span> vacanapaṭivacanavasena samaṃ lāpo <span class="bld">sallāpo</span>. Sammā, samaññā vā kathā saṃkathā, saṃkathāva <span class="bld">sākacchā</span>.</p>
<p class="centered">Aṭṭhaparisavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Catuyonivaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para152"></a><a name="para152_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">152</span>. Yavanti tāya sattā amissitāpi samānajātitāya missitā viya hontīti <span class="bld">yoni</span>. Sā pana atthato aṇḍādiuppattiṭṭhānavisiṭṭho khandhānaṃ bhāgaso pavattivisesoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘khandhakoṭṭhāso yoni nāmā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Aṇḍe jātā</span>ti paṭhamāya jātiyā vasena vuttaṃ, dutiyāya pana aṇḍato, aṇḍe vā bhijjamāne jātāti evamattho veditabbo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘abhinibbhijja jāyantī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Vinā</span>ti etehi aṇḍādīhi bāhirapaccayehi vinā. <span class="bld">Uppatitvā viyā</span>ti uppajjanavasena patitvā viya. Bāhirapaccayanirapekkhattāyeva vā upapatane sādhukārino upapātikā, te eva idha <span class="bld">opapātikā</span>ti vuttā. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena gabbhamale nibbattamahāpadumakumārādīnaṃ saṅgaho. Nijjhāmataṇhikapetānaṃ niccaṃ dukkhāturatāya kāmasevanā natthi<a name="V2.0027"></a>, tasmā te gabbhaseyyakā na honti, jālavantatāya na tāsaṃ kucchiyaṃ gabbho saṇṭhāti, tasmā te opapātikāyeva saṃsedajattāyapi asambhavato. <span class="bld">Nerayikā viyā</span>ti nidassanāpadesena tesampi opapātikattaṃ dīpeti. <span class="bld">Avasesā</span>ti nijjhāmataṇhikanerayike ṭhapetvā avasesā vinipātikā. Yakkhānaṃ cātumahārājikatāya opapātikabhāve eva āpanne taṃ nivattetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ yakkhāpī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Tathā hi te na bhummadevā na ca vinipātikāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Catuyonivaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Pañcagativaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para153"></a><a name="para153_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">153</span>. <span class="bld">Gantabbā</span>ti <a name="M2.0030"></a> upapajjitabbā. Yathā hi kammabhavo paramatthato asatipi kārake paccayasāmaggiyā siddho taṃsamaṅginā santānalakkhaṇena sattena katoti voharīyati, tathā upapattibhavalakkhaṇā gatiyo paramatthato asatipi gamake taṃtaṃkammavasena yesaṃ tāni kammāni, tehi gantabbāti voharīyantīti. Evaṃ saddatthato gatiṃ dassetvā atthuddhāranayenapi taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘apicā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Yesu nirayādibhedesu upapattibhavesu gati-saddo nirūḷho, tato aññatthāpi gatisaddappavatti atthi, taṃ ekena gati-saddena visesetvā āha <span class="bld">‘‘gatigatī’’</span>ti yathā ‘‘dukkhadukkhaṃ, (saṃ. ni. 4.327) rūparūpa’’nti (visuddhi. 2.449) ca. Uppādāvatthāya gamanaṃ upagamananti <span class="bld">‘‘nibbattigatī’’</span>ti vuttā. <span class="bld">Gati</span>nti cittagatiṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ajjhāsayagati nāmā’’</span>ti, ajjhāsayappavattīti attho. <span class="bld">Tadaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> (ma. ni. aṭṭha. 2.503) pana ‘‘gatinti nipphatti’’nti attho vutto. Brahmanimantanasutte (ma. ni. 1.503) hi ayaṃ pāḷīti. <span class="bld">Juti</span>nti ānubhāvaṃ. <span class="bld">Vibhavo</span>ti vināso. So hi vigamoti atthena gati. Teneva <span class="bld">nibbānaṃ arahato gatī</span>ti (pari. 339) anupādisesanibbānaṃ arahato gati vigamo vibhavoti anekatthattā dhātūnaṃ. <span class="bld">Dveyeva gatiyo</span>ti dveva nipphattiyoti atthoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ayaṃ nipphattigati nāmā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yassa uppajjati, taṃ brūhento eva uppajjatīti ayo, sukhaṃ. Natthi ettha ayoti <span class="bld">nirayo</span>. Tato eva ramitabbaṃ assādetabbaṃ tattha natthīti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘niratiatthena nirassādaṭṭhena nirayo’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tiriyaṃ añcitā</span>ti devamanussādayo viya uddhaṃ dīghā ahutvā tiriyaṃ dīghābhi attho. Pakaṭṭhato sukhato ayanaṃ apagamo <span class="bld">peccabhāvo,</span> taṃ peccabhāvaṃ <span class="bld">pattānaṃ visayo</span>ti <a name="V2.0028"></a> petayonimeva vadati. <span class="bld">Manaso ussannattā</span>ti satisūrabhāvabrahmacariyayogyatādiguṇavasena upacitamānasatāya ukkaṭṭhaguṇacittatāyāti atto. Ayaṃ panattho nippariyāyato jambudīpavāsīvasena veditabbo. Yathāha – ‘‘tīhi, bhikkhave, ṭhānehi jambudīpikā manussā uttarakuruke manusse adhiggaṇhanti deve ca tāvatiṃse. Katamehi tīhi? Sūrā satimanto idha brahmacariyavāso’’ti (a. ni. 9.21). Tehi pana samānarūpāditāya saddhiṃ parittadīpavāsīhi itaramahādīpavāsinopi <a name="M2.0031"></a> manussāteva paññāyiṃsu. Lokiyā pana ‘‘manuno apaccabhāvena manussā’’ti vadanti. Ayamettha saṅkhepo, vitthāro pana paramatthadīpaniyaṃ <span class="bld">vimānavatthusaṃvaṇṇanāyaṃ</span> (vi. va. aṭṭha. 3) vuttanayena gahetabbo. <span class="bld">Ānubhāvehī</span>ti devānubhāvasaṅkhātehi iddhivisesehi. Tattha kāmā devā kāmaguṇehi ceva iddhivisesehi ca itare iddhiviseseheva <span class="bld">dibbanti</span> kīḷanti jotanti, saraṇanti vā gammanti, abhitthaviyantīti vā <span class="bld">devā</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tiracchānayoniñcātiādīsū</span>ti ettha tiracchānayonipettivisayaggahaṇena khandhānaṃ eva gahaṇaṃ tesaṃ tādisassa paricchinnassa okāsassa abhāvato. Yattha vā te araññasamuddapabbatādike nibaddhavāsaṃ vasanti, tādisassa ṭhānassa vasena okāsopi gahetabbo. Nirayūpagādīhi sattehi maggitabbato <span class="bld">maggo</span> paṭipajjitabbā <span class="bld">paṭipadā</span> cāti taṃ taṃ kammameva vuttanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ubhayenapī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Yathā ca paṭipanno</span>ti iminā tassa kammassa katūpacitākāramāha. Ettha ca <span class="bld">nirayagāmiñca maggaṃ nirayagāminiñca paṭipada</span>nti iminā sādhāraṇato nirayasaṃvattaniyaṃ kammaṃ vatvā puna taṃ taṃ santānapatitatāya asādhāraṇataṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yathāpaṭipanno’’</span>tiādi vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Vinipatantī</span>ti vivasā, virūpaṃ vā nipatanti. Kasmā panettha pañcagatiparicchedakañāṇaṃ dassento bhagavā ‘‘nibbānañcāha’’ntiādimāhāti anuyogaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘idaṃ panā’’</span>tiādi. Na hi bhagavā attano buddhasubuddhataṃ vibhāvento sāvasesaṃ katvā desanaṃ deseti.</p>
<p class="centered">Pañcagativaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Ñāṇapavattākāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para154"></a><a name="para154_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">154</span>. <span class="bld">Ñāṇappavattākāra</span>nti ñāṇassa pavattiākāraṃ, ñāṇassa vā pavattipakāraṃ. <span class="bld">Ekantadukkhā</span>ti ekantena dukkhā accantadukkhā. Tā pana sabbakālaṃ dukkhā sukhālayenapi asammissāti <a name="V2.0029"></a> dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘niccadukkhā nirantaradukkhā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Bahalā</span>ti atanukā, mahantāti attho<a name="M2.0032"></a>. <span class="bld">Tibbā</span>ti vā tikhiṇā. <span class="bld">Kharā</span>ti kakkhaḷā. <span class="bld">Kaṭukā</span>ti vā aniṭṭhā. Kassati khaṇīyatīti <span class="bld">kāsu,</span> āvāṭo. Kasīyati cīyatīti <span class="bld">kāsu,</span> rāsi. <span class="bld">Phunantī</span>ti dvīhi hatthehi aṅgārāni ukkhipitvā paṭivātaṃ ophunanti, tena tesaṃ sakalasarīraṃ ḍayhati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘paridaḍḍhagattā’’</span>ti. Purisappamāṇaṃ <span class="bld">porisaṃ. Ekapathenevā</span>ti ekamaggabhūteneva. <span class="bld">Anukkamanīyenā</span>ti ukkamituṃ apakkamituṃ asakkuṇeyyena.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nanu ca dibbacakkhuñāṇaṃ paccuppannavaṇṇārammaṇaṃ, tena kathaṃ rūpantarasamaṅgiṃ niraye nibbattasattaṃ ‘‘ayaṃ so’’ti jānātīti codanaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘tattha kiñcāpī’’</span>tiādi. Yathākammūpagañāṇena ‘‘ayaṃ so’’ti sallakkheti, tassa pana dibbacakkhuānubhāvena pattabbattā <span class="bld">‘‘dibbacakkhubalaṃ nāma eta</span>nti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Purimanayenevā</span>ti ‘‘gūthakūpo viya tiracchānayoni daṭṭhabbā’’tiādinā aṅgārakāsupamāyaṃ vuttanayeneva. Dukkhā vedanā bahulā etāsūti <span class="bld">dukkhabahulā. Bahalapattapalāso</span>ti aviraḷatanuvipulapaṇṇo. Sukhaparibhogaṃ mahāpāsādaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘dīghapāsādo’’</span>ti vuttaṃ caturassapāsādādīnaṃ khuddakattā. <span class="bld">Uṇṇāmayaattharaṇenā</span>ti uṇṇāmayalohitaattharaṇena. Uttaraṃ uparibhāgaṃ chādetīti <span class="bld">uttaracchado,</span> vitānaṃ. Taṃ pana lohitavitānaṃ idhādhippetanti <span class="bld">‘‘rattavitānenā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aparabhāgayojanā</span>ti pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘aparena samayenā’’ti vuttassa aparabhāgassa yojanā. Sā pana ekadesena purimabhāge vutte eva suviññeyyā hotīti <span class="bld">‘‘yathā so’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Maggāruḷhamevā</span>ti maggaṃ upagatamattameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Niyamābhāvā</span>ti ‘‘dibbacakkhunāva passatī’’ti niyamassa abhāvā. <span class="bld">‘‘Dibbacakkhunāpi passissatī’’</span>ti idaṃ na anuttarasukhānubhavanassa dibbacakkhugocarattā vuttaṃ, anāgatassa pana tassa dibbacakkhuparibhaṇḍabhūtena anāgataṃsañāṇena dassanamevāti kāraṇūpacārena vuttaṃ. Pāḷiyaṃ pana ‘‘cetasā ceto paricca pajānāmi’’cceva vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Atthato pana nānā hotī’’</span>ti saṅkhepato vuttamatthaṃ vivarituṃ <span class="bld">‘‘devalokasukhaṃ hī’’</span>tiādiṃ vatvā <a name="M2.0033"></a> yathādassitaupamāhipi ayamattho pākaṭo evāti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘upamāyampī’’</span>tiādimāha. Gotrabhuñāṇuppādato paṭṭhāya nirodhaṃ passitvā uppannamaggaphalapaccavekkhaṇavasena ceva parato phalasamāpattisamāpajjanavasena ca ariyasāvako nirodhe <a name="V2.0030"></a> sayito viya hoti tadapassayeneva pavattanatoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘nirodhasayanavaragata’’</span>nti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘nibbānā…pe… passatī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="centered">Ñāṇapavattākāravaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Dukkarakārikādisuddhivaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para155"></a><a name="para155_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">155</span>. Pucchānusandhiādianusandhittayato aññattā <span class="bld">‘‘pāṭiyekkaṃ anusandhivasenā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Na kevalaṃ ‘‘dukkarakārikāya suddhi hotī’’ti evaṃladdhiko eva, atha kho dukkaracārīsu abhippasannoti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘apicā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Catukuṇḍiko</span>ti dvīhi pādehi hatthehīti catūhi aṅgehi kuṇḍanako āhiṇḍanako. <span class="bld">Chamānikiṇṇa</span>nti bhūmiyaṃ khittaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhakkhasa</span>nti āhāraṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Macchariyamalādipāpadhammavigamanato mettādiguṇānubrūhanato ca brahmaṃ seṭṭhaṃ cariyanti <span class="bld">brahmacariyaṃ,</span> dānaṃ. Tathā hi taṃ bhagavatā paṇḍitapaññattaṃ vuttaṃ. Evaṃ sesesupi yathārahaṃ brahmacariyapariyāyo niddhāretvā vattabbo. <span class="bld">Ki</span>nti kīdisaṃ. <span class="bld">Vata</span>nti samādinnavataṃ. <span class="bld">Suciṇṇassā</span>ti suṭṭhu ciṇṇassa puññassa. <span class="bld">Iddhī</span>ti ānubhāvo. <span class="bld">Jutī</span>ti vatthābharaṇobhāsasamujjalā sarīrappabhā. <span class="bld">Balavīriyūpapattī</span>ti kāyabalena ceva ussāhena ca samannāgamo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tena pāṇi kāmadado</span>ti tena addhikānaṃ upagacchantānaṃ hatthaṃ pasāretvā asayhaseṭṭhino dānaṭṭhānadassanamayena puññena idāni mayhaṃ hattho kapparukkho viya kāmadado icchiticchitadāyī, kāmadado honto ca madhussavo iṭṭhavatthuvissajjanako jāto. <span class="bld">Tena me brahmacariyenā</span>ti tena mama yathāvuttakāyaveyyāvaṭiyakammasaṅkhātena seṭṭhacariyena. <span class="bld">Puñña</span>nti puññaphalaṃ. Tampi hi pujjasabhāvato, uttarapadalopena vā ‘‘evamidaṃ puññaṃ pavaḍḍhatī’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 3.80) ‘‘puñña’’nti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pañca <a name="M2.0034"></a> sikkhāpadāni samāhaṭāni <span class="bld">pañcasikkhāpadaṃ</span> yathā ‘‘tibhavaṃ, tisakaṭa’’nti ca. <span class="bld">Brahmacariyasmi</span>nti <a name="V2.0031"></a> dhammadesanāya. Sā hi vineyyānaṃ brahmabhāvāvahanato brahmaṃ seṭṭhaṃ cariyaṃ, brahmuno vā bhagavato vācasikaṃ cariyanti ‘‘brahmacariya’’nti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sahassaṃ maccuhāyina</span>nti sahassamattā arahattasamadhigamena maccuvisayātikkamena maccupahāyino jātā. <span class="bld">Brahmacārī bhavissāmā</span>ti ettha yena brahmacariyena te brahmacārinoti vuccanti, taṃ brahmacariyaṃ niddhāretvā āha <span class="bld">‘‘methunavirati brahmacariyanti vuttā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nātikkamāmā</span>ti na aticarāma agamanīyaṭṭhānepi itaratthāpi na vītikkamāma. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘aññatra tāhi brahmacariyaṃ carāmā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Amha</span>nti amhākaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Attadamanavasenā</span>ti yathāpaṭiññaṃ arahantānaṃ anukaraṇākārena pavattacittadamanavasena, manacchaṭṭhānaṃ indriyānaṃ damanenāti attho. Sikhāppattaseṭṭhacariyatāya <span class="bld">ariyamaggo brahmacariyaṃ</span>. Brahmaṃ seṭṭhaṃ carati etenāti <span class="bld">brahmacariyaṃ,</span> satthusāsanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ataramānāna</span>nti na taramānānaṃ desakālaṃ udikkhantānaṃ. <span class="bld">Phalāsāva samijjhatī</span>ti sudullabhaphalepi āsā sammāpayogamanvāya samijjhati eva. <span class="bld">Vipakkabrahmacariyosmī</span>ti visesena nipphannapaṇītajjhāsayo paripuṇṇauḷāramanoratho. So hi seṭṭhamanosamācāratāya brahmacariyapariyāyena vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Idameva suttaṃ</span> āgataṭṭhānanti adhippāyo tepiṭake buddhavacane idameva suttapadaṃ ‘‘vīriyaṃ brahmacariya’’nti āgataṭṭhānanti attho. Vīriyañhi tasmiṃ visaye uttamaṃ paramukkaṃsagataṃ tādisacariyāhetu cāti brahmacariyanti idha vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Caturaṅgasamannāgata</span>nti catubbidhadukkarakiriyāya sādhakassa catubbidhassa attano pavattiākārassa vasena caturaṅgasamannāgataṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Koci chinnabhinnapaṭapilotikadharo dasantayuttassa vatthassa abhāvato nicceloti vattabbataṃ labheyyāti taṃ nivattento āha <span class="bld">‘‘naggo’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Evaṃ akāsiṃ,</span> evampi sattapīḷā mā ahosīti adhippāyo. Yathā <a name="M2.0035"></a> ‘‘abhihaṭaṃ na sādiyāmī’’tiādi (ma. ni. 1.155) bhikkhāpariyesane ukkaṭṭhacāritādassanaṃ, evaṃ ‘‘naehi bhaddantikādibhāvopī’’ti gahetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Purisantaragatāyā</span>ti purisasamīpagatāya. Saṃkittīyanti etāyāti <span class="bld">saṃkitti,</span> gāmavāsiādīhi samudāyavasena kariyamānakiriyā. Idha pana bhattasaṃkitti adhippetāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘saṃkittetvā katabhattesū’’</span>ti. Dadanti <a name="V2.0032"></a> tāyāti <span class="bld">datti</span>. Ekāhaṃ antarabhūtaṃ etassa atthīti <span class="bld">ekāhikaṃ</span>. Esa nayo sesapadesupi. <span class="bld">Ekāhavārenā</span>ti ekāhikavārena. ‘‘Ekāhika’’ntiādinā vuttavidhimeva paṭipāṭiyā pavattabhāvaṃ dassetuṃ puna vuttaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘iti evarūpa’’</span>ntiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Erakatiṇādīni vā</span>ti erakatiṇādīni ganthitvā katanivāsanāni chavadussāni, nihīnadussānīti attho. <span class="bld">Tantāvutāna</span>nti tantaṃ pasāretvā vītānaṃ. <span class="bld">Pakatikaṇṭake</span>ti salākakaṇṭake.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para156"></a><a name="para156_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">156</span>. <span class="bld">Nekavassagaṇasañjāta</span>nti anekavassasamūhasañjātaṃ. Nanu ca idāneva ‘‘sāyatatiyakampi udakorohanānuyogamanuyutto’’ti vuttaṃ, ‘‘nekavassagaṇikaṃ rajojallaṃ kāye sannicita’’nti ca, tadubhayaṃ ekasmiṃ kathaṃ sambhavatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘idaṃ attano rajojallakavatasamādānakālaṃ sandhāya vadatī’’</span>ti. Eteneva ‘‘acelako homī’’ti vuttaacelakapaṭiññā, ‘‘sāṇānipi dhāremī’’tiādinā vuttachannakapaṭiññā, tatthāpi sāṇa-masāṇa-chavadussādi-nivattha-paṭiññā ca aviruddhāti daṭṭhabbā tasmiṃ tasmiṃ kāle tathā tathā paṭipannattā. <span class="bld">Te</span>ti acelakā. <span class="bld">Saṅghāta</span>nti sabbaso ghātaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vadha’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Sīlavā nāma natthi</span> ‘‘anabhisandhikampi pāpaṃ hotī’’ti evaṃ laddhikattā. <span class="bld">Sīlaṃ adhiṭṭhāyā</span>ti idaṃ paṭikkamanakiriyaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pāsaṇḍapariggahaṇatthāyā</span>ti pāsaṇḍesu asārasārabhāvavīmaṃsanatthāya. <span class="bld">Taṃ pabbajja</span>nti ājīvakapabbajjaṃ. <span class="bld">Vikaṭabhojane</span>ti vikatabhojane virūpabhojane. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘apakatibhojane’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para157"></a><a name="para157_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">157</span>. <span class="bld">Bhiṃsanakatasmi</span>nti bhāvasādhanabhāvī idaṃ padanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘bhiṃsanakatasmiṃ bhiṃsanakakiriyāyā’’</span>ti. ‘‘Bhiṃsanakattasmi’’nti vattabbe ekassa ta-kārassa <a name="M2.0036"></a> lopo daṭṭhabbo. Yebhuyyaggahaṇaṃ lomavantavasenapi yojetabbaṃ, na lomavasenāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘bahutarānaṃ vā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Su-sadde u-kārassa o-kāraṃ katvā pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘sotatto’’ti vuttanti tadatthaṃ vivaranto <span class="bld">‘‘sutatto’’</span>ti āha. Suṭṭhu avatattoti vā <span class="bld">sotatto. Sosinno</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Suddhivasanatthāyā</span>ti saṃsārasuddhigavesanatthāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vihārasmi</span>nti <a name="V2.0033"></a> paccatte bhummavacananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vihāro eva hi ‘vihārasmi’nti vutto’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Teneva cā</span>ti teneva vibhattivipallāsavasena. <span class="bld">Evaṃ attho</span>ti ayaṃ evaṃ liṅgavipallāsavasena attho veditabbo. Dukkhappattoti ānetvā sambandho. <span class="bld">Sabbatthā</span>ti sukhadukkhe lābhālābhādike ca. <span class="bld">Tulito</span>ti tulāsadiso.</p>
<p class="centered">Dukkarakārikādisuddhivaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Āhārasuddhivaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para158"></a><a name="para158_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">158</span>. <span class="bld">Sujjhitu</span>nti saṃsārato sujjhituṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para159"></a><a name="para159_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">159</span>. <span class="bld">Āsītikapabbānī</span>ti āsītikapiṭṭhipabbāni, ‘‘kāḷapabbānī’’ti vadanti. Pabbānaṃ <span class="bld">majjhe. Unnatunnatānī</span>ti maṃse milāte dvinnaṃ sandhīnaṃ antare vātenuddhumātadhamanījālatāya unnatāni unnatānīti. <span class="bld">Ānisada</span>nti ānisadaṭṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Nisinnaṭṭhāna</span>nti paṃsūhi, vālikāhi vā nicitaṃ nisinnaṭṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Sarapoṅkhenā</span>ti sarassa poṅkhappadesena, sarapoṅkhasaññitena vā maggena. <span class="bld">Akkanta</span>nti akkantaṭṭhānaṃ. Takkagoḷikasadisānaṃ, sarīraghaṃsanatthaṃ kata kuruvindagoḷakānaṃ vā <span class="bld">āvaḷi</span> vaṭṭanāhāro. <span class="bld">Vaṃsato</span>ti piṭṭhivaṃsato. <span class="bld">Maṇḍale</span>ti bhittipādānaṃ matthake ṭhapitamaṇḍalake sīsaggena <span class="bld">patiṭṭhahanti. Na evaṃ phāsuḷiyo</span>ti yathā yathā vuttagopānasiyo papatā tiṭṭhanti, na evaṃ bodhisattassa phāsukāpi papatā ṭhitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Okkhāyikā</span>ti avakkhāyikā, heṭṭhā hutvā ninnabhāvena paññāyamānā. <span class="bld">Evarūpā</span>ti yathāvuttarūpā, ninnatarāti attho. <span class="bld">Yāva piṭṭhikaṇṭakaṃ</span> <span class="bld">allīnā</span> <a name="M2.0037"></a> <span class="bld">hotī</span>ti mayhaṃ udaracchavi yāva piṭṭhikaṇṭakaṃ, tāva taṃ āhacca ṭhitattā allīnā hoti udariyassa parikkhayena antānañca suṭṭhumilātatāya. <span class="bld">Bhāriyabhāriyā</span>ti garutarā. Sahaudaracchaviṃ piṭṭhikaṇṭakaṃ, sahapiṭṭhikaṇṭakaṃ udaracchavinti yojanā. <span class="bld">Neva nikkhamati</span> āhārasannissayaāpodhātuyā sabbaso visukkhattā. <span class="bld">Pūtimūlānī</span>ti lomamūlānaṃ paribrūhanake maṃse lohite ca parikkhīṇe tāni sukkhāni ṭhānato bhaṭṭhāni abhāveneva ‘‘pūtimūlānī’’ti vuttāni. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tassa panā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Adhigatā</span>ti idāni adhigatā. <span class="bld">Yathā etarahi vipassanāpaññāya adhigatattā</span>ti iminā kiñcāpi <a name="V2.0034"></a> mahābodhisattā paripākagatañāṇā vasībhūtajjhānābhiññā vipassanāya parikammaṃ karonti, yathā ca nesaṃ carimabhave vipassanācāro, na tathā tadāti dasseti. <span class="bld">Etadevā</span>ti yaṃ yena vuttaṃ atthajātaṃ, etadeva <span class="bld">ettha</span> etasmiṃ pāṭhapadese <span class="bld">yuttaṃ</span> pubbenāparaṃ avirujjhanato. <span class="bld">Itarathā</span>ti bhikkhūhi vuttappakārena <span class="bld">ananurūpo siyā</span> ‘‘imissā’’ti vuttāya aññatte.</p>
<p class="centered">Āhārasuddhivaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Saṃsārasuddhiādivaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para160"></a><a name="para160_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">160</span>. <span class="bld">Saṃsārenā</span>ti aparāparaṃ cavanupapajjanavasena bhavesu saṃsaraṇena. Yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Khandhānañca paṭipāṭi, dhātuāyatanāna ca;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Abbocchinnaṃ vattamānā, saṃsāroti pavuccatī’’ti. (visuddhi. 2.619; dī. ni. aṭṭha. 2.95; saṃ. ni. aṭṭha. 2.2.60; a. ni. aṭṭha. 2.4.199; dha. sa. aṭṭha. nidānakathā; vibha. aṭṭha. 226; su. ni. aṭṭha. 2.523; udā. aṭṭha. 39; itivu. aṭṭha. 14, 58; theragā. aṭṭha. 1.67, 99; bu. vaṃ. aṭṭha. 58; cūḷani. aṭṭha. 6; paṭi. ma. aṭṭha. 2.1.117; visuddhi. mahāṭī. 1.127; a. ni. ṭī. 2.4.9; sārattha. ṭī. 1.1);</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bahuka</span>nti bahukālaṃ bahukkhattuṃ. <span class="bld">Upapajjitvā</span>ti tattha tattha bhave nibbattitvā. <span class="bld">Āvāsenā</span>ti tasmiṃ tasmiṃ sattāvāse āvasanena nibbattitvā jīvanena. <span class="bld">Khandhāyeva vuttā</span> tesaṃyeva pavattivisesassa tena tena <a name="M2.0038"></a> pariyāyena vuttattā. <span class="bld">Bahuyāge</span>ti ajasūkaragomāyvādike bahuvidhe mahāyaññe. <span class="bld">Bahuaggī</span>ti vācāpeyyādivasena antamaso pākayaññādivasena ca bahukepi aggī paricaraṇena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para161"></a><a name="para161_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">161</span>. Bāladārakopi ‘‘daharo’’ti vuccatīti tato visesanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yuvā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Atikkantapaṭhamavayā sattā sabhāvena palitasirā hontīti paṭhamavaye ṭhitabhāvaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘susukāḷakeso’’</span>ti <a name="V2.0035"></a> vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Jarājiṇṇo</span>ti jarāya jiṇṇo, na akālikena jarāya abhibhūto. Ukkaṃsagatabuddhatāya <span class="bld">vuddho</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vaḍḍhitvā ṭhitaaṅgapaccaṅgo’’</span>ti, ārohapariṇāhavasena vuddhirahitoti attho. <span class="bld">Jātimahallako</span>ti jātiyā mahallako, na bhogaparivārādīhīti attho. <span class="bld">Addhagato</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">addha</span>-saddo dīghakālavācīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘bahuaddhānaṃ gato’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Vayo</span>tiādipadalopenāyaṃ niddesoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pacchimavaya’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Padasatampi…pe… samatthatā</span>ti padasatampi padasahassampi sotapathamāgacchantameva uggahaṇasamatthatā pariggahetuṃ samatthatā. Ayañca gatiyā byāpāroti sakkā viññātuṃ gahaṇamattabhāvato. <span class="bld">Tadevā</span>ti padasatampi padasahassampi. <span class="bld">Ādhāraṇaṃ</span> apilāpanavasena hadaye dhāraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Upanibandhanaṃ</span> yathā na pamuṭṭhaṃ hoti, tathā upecca aparāparaṃ nibandhanaṃ. Ayaṃ pana satiyā byāpāroti sakkā viññātuṃ. Pāḷiyañca ‘‘paramāya gatiyā ca satiyā ca dhitiyā cā’’ti vuttaṃ, parato ca ‘‘evaṃ adhimattagatimanto’’ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Samatthavīriyaṃ dhiti nāmā</span>ti visiṭṭhavisayaṃ dassento yathāvuttasatisamāyogaṃ tassa dīpeti. <span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti yathāvuttagatisatidhitīhi subhadhātavacīparicitassa pariyattidhammassa āgamavasena atthadassanasamatthatā yuttivasena kāraṇadassanasamatthatā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Daḷhaṃ (a. ni. ṭī. 3.9.38) thiraṃ dhanu etassāti daḷhadhanvā, so eva idha <span class="bld">‘‘daḷhadhammā’’</span>ti vutto. Paṭisattuvidhamanatthaṃ dhanuṃ gaṇhātīti <span class="bld">dhanuggaho,</span> so eva usuṃ saraṃ asati khipatīti <span class="bld">issāso</span>ti āha <span class="bld">‘‘dhanuṃ gahetvā ṭhito issāso’’</span>ti. Dvisahassapalaṃ lohādibhāraṃ vahituṃ samatthaṃ <span class="bld">dvisahassathāmaṃ</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘dvisahassathāmaṃ nāmā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Daṇḍe</span>ti dhanudaṇḍe. <span class="bld">Yāva kaṇḍappamāṇā</span>ti dīghato yattakaṃ kaṇḍassa pamāṇaṃ, tattake <a name="M2.0039"></a> dhanudaṇḍe ukkhittamatte āropito ceva hoti jiyādaṇḍo, so ca bhāro pathavito muccati, evaṃ idaṃ ‘‘dvisahassathāmaṃ nāma dhanūti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Uggahitasippo</span>ti uggahitadhanusippo. <span class="bld">Katahattho</span>ti thirataraṃ lakkhesu avirajjhanasarakkhepo. Īdiso pana tattha vasībhūto katahattho nāma hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ciṇṇavasībhāvo’’</span>ti. Kataṃ rājakulādīsu upecca asanaṃ etena so <span class="bld">katūpāsano</span>ti āha <span class="bld">‘‘rājakulādīsu dassitasippo’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Evaṃ kata</span>nti evaṃ antosusirakaraṇādinā sallahukaṃ kataṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Oloketī</span>ti udikkhati. <span class="bld">Evaṃ santepi tesaṃ vāro paññāyatī</span>ti tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ ‘‘ayaṃ paṭhamaṃ pucchati, ayaṃ dutiya’’ntiādinā pucchanavāro tādisassa paññavato paññāyati sukhumassa antarassa labbhanato. <span class="bld">Buddhānaṃ pana vāro</span>ti īdise ṭhāne buddhānaṃ desanāvāro aññesaṃ napaññāyanato buddhānaṃyeva paññāyati. Idāni tameva paññāyanataṃ yuttito dassento <span class="bld">‘‘vidatthicaturaṅgulachāya’’</span>ntiādimāha. Accharāsaṅghāṭamatte khaṇe aneka-koṭisahassa-cittapavattisambhavato <a name="V2.0036"></a> <span class="bld">‘‘vidatthicaturaṅgulachāyaṃ atikkamanato puretaraṃyeva bhagavā…pe… kathetī’’</span>ti vatvā tato lahutarāpi satthu desanāpavatti atthevāti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘tiṭṭhantu vā tāva ete’’</span>tiādimāha. Idāni tattha kāraṇaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kasmā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Soḷasa padāni kathetī</span>ti etena lokiyajanassa ekapaduccāraṇakkhaṇe bhagavā aṭṭhavīsasatapadāni kathetīti dasseti. Idāni tassapi kāraṇaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kasmā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dhammo</span>ti pāḷi. Pajjati attho etenāti <span class="bld">padaṃ,</span> tadattho. Atthaṃ byañjetīti <span class="bld">byañjanaṃ,</span> akkharaṃ. Tañhi padavākyakkharabhāvehi paricchijjamānaṃ taṃ taṃ atthaṃ byañjeti pakāseti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘dhammapadabyañjananti pāḷiyā padabyañjanaṃ, tassa tassa atthassa byañjanakaṃ akkhara’’</span>nti. Etena aparāparehi padabyañjanehi sucirampi kālaṃ kathentassa tathāgatassa na kadāci tesaṃ pariyādānaṃ atthīti dasseti. Pañhaṃ byākaronti etenāti <span class="bld">pañhabyākaraṇaṃ,</span> tathāpavattapaṭibhānaṃ. Aparikkhayapaṭibhānā hi buddhā bhagavanto, yato vuttaṃ <a name="M2.0040"></a> ‘‘natthi dhammadesanāya hānī’’ti (dī. ni. ṭī. 3.141, 305; vibha. mūlaṭī. 1.suttantabhājanīyavaṇṇanā). Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘iminā kiṃ dassetī’’</span>tiādi. Tathā āsannaparinibbānassapi bhagavato desanāya itarāya ca visesātāvoti paṭhamabuddhavacanampi majjhimabuddhavacanampi pacchimabuddhavacanampi sadisameva. Āsītikavassato paraṃ <span class="bld">pañcamo āyukoṭṭhāso</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para162"></a><a name="para162_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">162</span>. Kāmañcettha bhagavatā nāgasamālattherassa acchariyaabbhutapavedanamukhena attano lomānaṃ haṭṭhabhāvassa paveditattā <span class="bld">‘‘lomahaṃsanapariyāyo’’</span>ti nāmaṃ gahitaṃ, tathāpi sabbaññutaññāṇādi-anaññasādhāraṇañāṇānubhāva-vibhāvanādivasena soḷasasamūhato sīhanādassa nadanena desanāya pavattitattā ‘‘mahāsīhanādo’’tveva saṅgītikāramahātherehi nāmaṃ ṭhapitanti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Mahāsīhanādasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.</p>
<p class="subhead">3. Mahādukkhakkhandhasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para163"></a><a name="para163_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">163</span>. <span class="bld">Tato</span> <a name="V2.0037"></a> <span class="bld">para</span>nti tiṇṇaṃ janānaṃ upari saṅgho catuvaggakaraṇīyādikammehi paṭikammappattattā. <span class="bld">Gāmaṃ gatoti vuccati</span> gāmaṃ uddissa gatattā, evaṃ sāvatthiṃ pavisituṃ vihārato nikkhantā ‘‘pavisiṃsū’’ti vuttā. <span class="bld">Pariñña</span>nti pahānapariññaṃ. Sā hi samatikkamo, na itarā. <span class="bld">Rūpavedanāsupī</span>ti ‘‘rūpānaṃ pariññaṃ, vedanānaṃ pariñña’’nti etthāpi. Kāmaṃ sabbesaṃ titthiyānaṃ kāmādipariññāpaññāpanahetubhūto samayo natthi, yesaṃ pana atthi, te upādāya <span class="bld">‘‘sakasamayaṃ jānantā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. ‘‘Yato yato kho bho ayaṃ bhikkhu vivicceva kāmehi…pe… paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati, ettāvatā kho bho kāmānaṃ pariññā hotī’’ti evaṃ sarūpato paṭhamajjhānaṃ vibhāvetuṃ asakkontāpi kevalaṃ accantappahānasaññāya <span class="bld">kāmānaṃ pariññaṃ paññapeyyuṃ paṭhamajjhānaṃ vadamānā</span>. Taṃ kissa hetu? Tādisassa āgamādhigamassābhāvato. <span class="bld">Rūpavedanāpariññāsu</span>pi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Vuccethā</span>ti vucceyya. <span class="bld">Dutiyapadepī</span>ti ‘‘anusāsaniyā vā anusāsani’’nti evaṃ vuttavākyepi. <span class="bld">Te</span> kira bhikkhū.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para165"></a><a name="para165_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">165</span>. <span class="bld">Na</span> <a name="M2.0041"></a> <span class="bld">ceva sampāyissantī</span>ti na ceva sammadeva pakārehi gamessanti ñāpessanti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sampādetvā kathetuṃ na sakkhissantī’’</span>ti. Yasmā avisaye pañho pucchito hoti, tasmā āpajjissantīti yojanā. <span class="bld">Sadevake</span>ti arūpadevaggahaṇaṃ. Te hi lokiyadevehi dīghāyukatādinā ukkaṭṭhā. <span class="bld">Samārake</span>ti kāmāvacaradevaggahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabrahmaketi</span> rūpāvacarabrahmaggahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">samaṇa</span>ggahaṇena pabbajite, <span class="bld">brāhmaṇa</span>ggahaṇena jātibrāhmaṇe, puna <span class="bld">deva</span>ggahaṇena sammutideve, manussaggahaṇena avasiṭṭhamanussakāyaṃ pariyādiyati. <span class="bld">Lokapajā</span>ggahaṇena pana payojanaṃ aṭṭhakathāyaṃ dassitameva. <span class="bld">Aññathā ārādhanaṃ nāma natthī</span>ti iminā kāmarūpavedanāsu assādādīnaṃ yāthāvato avabodho eva ito bāhirakānaṃ natthi, kuto pavedanāti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para166"></a><a name="para166_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">166</span>. <span class="bld">Cittārādhana</span>nti yāthāvapavedanena paresaṃ cittassa paritosanaṃ. <span class="bld">Bandhanaṭṭhena guṇāti</span> kāmarāgasaṃyojanassa paccayabhāvena vatthukāmesupi bandhanaṭṭho vutto, koṭṭhāsaṭṭho vā guṇaṭṭho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Tarayantī</span>ti taramānā yanti gacchanti. Atītādibhinnapaṭhamādivayā eva cittatā rāsibhāvena vayoguṇāti gahitāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘rāsaṭṭho guṇaṭṭho’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Cakkhuviññeyyā</span>ti vā cakkhuviññāṇataṃdvārikaviññāṇehi <a name="V2.0038"></a> vijānitabbā. <span class="bld">Sotaviññeyyā</span>tiādīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Iṭṭhārammaṇabhūtā</span>ti sabhāveneva iṭṭhārammaṇajātikā, iṭṭhārammaṇabhāvaṃ vā pattā. <span class="bld">Kamanīyā</span>ti kāmetabbā. <span class="bld">Manavaḍḍhanakā</span>ti manoharā. Etena parikappanatopi iṭṭhabhāvaṃ gaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Piyajātikā</span>ti piyāyitabbasabhāvā. <span class="bld">Kāmūpasaṃhitā</span>ti kāmarāgena upecca sandhāniyā sambaddhā (a. ni. ṭī. 3.6.63) kātabbāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ārammaṇaṃ katvā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para167"></a><a name="para167_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">167</span>. <span class="bld">Saññaṃ ṭhapetvā</span>ti ‘‘imasmiṃ aṅgulikādipabbe gahite sataṃ hoti, imasmiṃ sahassa’’ntiādinā saññāṇaṃ katvā gaṇanā. <span class="bld">Acchiddagaṇanā</span>ti ‘‘ekaṃ dve’’tiādinā navantavidhinā nirantaragaṇanā. <span class="bld">Piṇḍagaṇanā</span>ti saṅkalanapaṭuppādanādinā piṇḍitvā gaṇanā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘khettaṃ oloketvā’’</span>tiādi. Kasanaṃ <span class="bld">kasī</span>ti kasiggahaṇena sabbo kasipaṭibaddho <a name="M2.0042"></a> jīvikūpāyo gahitoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kasīti kasikamma’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Jaṅghavaṇijjā</span>ti jaṅghasatthavasena vaṇijjaṃ āha, <span class="bld">thalavaṇijjā</span>ti sakaṭasatthavasena. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena nāvāpaṇādivasena vohāraṃ. <span class="bld">Vaṇippatho</span>ti vaṇijamaggo, dānaggahaṇavasena saṃvohāroti attho. Usūnaṃ asanakammaṃ <span class="bld">issattaṃ,</span> dhanusippena jīvikā, idha pana issattaṃ viyāti <span class="bld">issattaṃ,</span> sabbaāvudhajīvikāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘āvudhaṃ gahetvā upaṭṭhānakamma’’</span>nti. Porohiccāmaccakammādi <span class="bld">rājakammaṃ.</span> <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena rathasippakhattavijjāsippādi-vuttāvasesaṃ mahāsippaṃ khuddakasippañca saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Sītassa purakkhato</span>ti sītassa purato kato. Yo hi sītakāle jīvikāhetu sītalapadesaṃ pakkhandati, so vāḷamigādīhi viya sītena paripātiyamāno tena purato kato viya hoti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sītena bādhiyamāno’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Uṇhassa purakkhato</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Saritvā</span>ti saṃsappitvā. <span class="bld">Ghaṭṭiyamāno</span>ti hiṃsiyamāno bādhiyamāno. Ābādhanaṃ <span class="bld">ābādho,</span> pīḷāti attho. <span class="bld">Kāmahetu</span>nti vā bhāvanapuṃsakaniddeso yathā ‘‘visamaṃ candimasūriyā parivattantī’’ti (a. ni. 4.70). Tathā sesapadadvayepi. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘kāmānameva hetū’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Kāmānaṃ hetū</span>ti ettha purimapadāvadhāraṇamayuttaṃ tadaññapaccayapaṭikkhepāpattito, tathā uttarapadāvadhāraṇaṃ kāmānaṃ kadāci ahetubhāvassapi sambhavato, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘uppajjatiyevā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uṭṭhahato</span>ti iminā uṭṭhānavīriyaṃ vuttanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ājīvasamuṭṭhāpakavīriyenā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Taṃ vīriyanti</span> ājīvikasamuṭṭhāpakavīriyaṃ. <span class="bld">Pubbenāparaṃ ghaṭentassā</span>ti ārambhato paṭṭhāya nirantaraṃ pavattentassa. <span class="bld">Citte uppannabalavasokena socatī</span>ti cittasantāpena anto nijjhāyati. <span class="bld">Kāye uppannadukkhenā</span>ti tasseva sokassa vasena kāye uppannadukkhena. Sokuddesena taṃ taṃ vippalapento vā <span class="bld">paridevati. Uraṃ tāḷetvā</span>ti vakkhappadesaṃ paharitvā. <span class="bld">‘‘Mogha’’</span>ntiādi paridevanākāradassanañceva <a name="V2.0039"></a> sammohāpajjanākāradassanañca. <span class="bld">Me</span>ti vatvā puna <span class="bld">no</span>ti puthuvacanaṃ attano ubhayathāpi voharitabbato, byāmūḷhavacanaṃ vā sokavasena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para168"></a><a name="para168_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">168</span>. Idha <a name="M2.0043"></a> kāmaggahaṇena visesato vatthukāmā gahitāti kāmādiggahaṇaṃ kataṃ, nānantariyatāya pana kilesakāmopi gahito eva. <span class="bld">Asicamma</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">camma</span>ggahaṇena na kevalaṃ cammamayassa, cammaparisibbitasseva vā gahaṇaṃ, atha kho sabbassapi āvudhabādhakassa gahaṇanti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘kheṭakaphalakādīnī’’</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena sarādisaṅgaho. <span class="bld">Dhanukalāpaṃ sannayhitvā</span>ti dhanuñceva khurappatūṇiñca sannayhitvā, dhanudaṇḍassa jiyāya tathābhāvakaraṇādipi (a. ni. ṭī. 3.5.76) dhanuno sannayhananti. Dvinnaṃ senānaṃ byūhasaṃvidhānena vā <span class="bld">ubhatobyūḷhaṃ. Vijjotalantesū</span>ti nisitapītaphalatāya vijjotanavasena parivattamānesu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pākārasamīpātisaṅkhāratāya pākārapādā <span class="bld">upakāriyo,</span> yā ‘‘uddāpā’’ti vuccanti. <span class="bld">Satadantenā</span>ti anekasatadantakena, yassa tikhiṇadantāni anekasatāni mūlāni honti. Atibhāratāya dasavīsamattāpi janā ukkhipituṃ na sakkonti, yantavasena pana ukkhipitvā bandhitvā ṭhapenti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘aṭṭhadantākārenā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Omaddantī</span>ti oṭṭhapenti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para169"></a><a name="para169_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">169</span>. <span class="bld">Sandhimpi chindanti</span> corikāya jīvitukāmā. <span class="bld">Nillopa</span>nti nissesavilopaṃ, ekaṃ parittaṃ gāmaṃ parivāretvā tattha kiñcipi gayhūpagaṃ asesetvā karamaraggahaṇaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘mahāvilopa’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Panthaduhanakammaṃ</span> aṭavimagge ṭhatvā addhikānaṃ vilumpanaṃ. <span class="bld">Pahārasādhanatthaṃ</span> (a. ni. ṭī. 2.2.1) daṇḍappahārassa sukhasiddhiatthaṃ. Kañjito nibbattaṃ kañjiyaṃ, āranālaṃ. Yaṃ ‘‘bilaṅga’’ntipi vuccati, taṃ yattha siñcati, sā <span class="bld">kañjiyaukkhalikā</span>. Bilaṅgathālikasadisakaraṇaṃ <span class="bld">bilaṅgathāliyaṃ. Sīsakapālaṃ uppāṭetvā</span>ti ayoguḷapavesanappamāṇaṃ chiddaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Saṅkhamuṇḍakammakāraṇa</span>nti saṅkhaṃ viya muṇḍakammakāraṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rāhumukhakammakāraṇa</span>nti rāhumukhagata-sūriyasadisa-kammakāraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Jotimālika</span>nti jotimālavantaṃ kammakāraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Hatthapajjotika</span>nti hatthapajjotanakammakāraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Erakavattakammakāraṇa</span>nti erakavattasadise sarīrato baddhe uppāṭanakammakāraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Cīrakavāsikakammakāraṇa</span>nti sarīrato uppāṭitabaddhacīrakāhi nivāsāpanakammakāraṇaṃ. Taṃ karontā yathā gīvato paṭṭhāya baddhe kantitvā kaṭiyameva ṭhapenti, evaṃ gopphakato paṭṭhāya <a name="M2.0044"></a> kantitvā kaṭiyameva ṭhapenti. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> pana <span class="bld">‘‘kaṭito paṭṭhāya kantitvā gopphakesu ṭhapentī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Eṇeyyakakammakāraṇa</span>nti eṇīmigasadisakammakāraṇaṃ<a name="V2.0040"></a>. <span class="bld">Ayavalayāni datvā</span>ti ayavalayāni paṭimuñcitvā. <span class="bld">Ayasūlāni koṭṭentī</span>ti kapparajaṇṇukakoṭīsu ayasūlāni pavesenti. Nti taṃ tathākatakammakāraṇaṃ sattaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Baḷisamaṃsika</span>nti baḷisehi maṃsuppāṭanakammakāraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Kahāpaṇika</span>nti kahāpaṇamattaso chindanakammakāraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Koṭṭentī</span>ti chindanti. <span class="bld">Khārāpatacchika</span>nti tacchetvā khārāvasiñcanakammakāraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Palighaparivattika</span>nti palighassa viya parivattanakammakāraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Ekābaddhaṃ karonti</span> ayasūlassa koṭṭanena. <span class="bld">Palālapīṭhaka</span>nti palālapīṭhassa viya sarīrassa saṃvellanakammakāraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Kāraṇikā</span>ti ghātanakārakā. <span class="bld">Palālavaṭṭiṃ viya katvā</span>ti yathā palālapīṭhaṃ karontā palālavaṭṭiṃ katvā saṃvellanavasena naṃ (a. ni. ṭī. 2.2.1) veṭhenti, evaṃ karontīti attho. <span class="bld">Chātakehī</span>ti bubhukkhitehi koleyyakasunakhehi. Balavanto hi te javayoggā sūrā ca honti. Kammavasena sampareti etthāti samparāyo, paraloko. Tattha bhavoti <span class="bld">samparāyiko</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para170"></a><a name="para170_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">170</span>. Chandarāgo vinīyati ceva pahīyati ca etthāti nibbānaṃ <span class="bld">chandarāgavinayo chandarāgappahānañcā</span>ti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘nibbānañhī’’</span>ti. Tattha <span class="bld">āgammā</span>ti idaṃ yo chandarāgaṃ vineti pajahati, tassa ārammaṇaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Tīhi pariññāhī</span>ti iminā ñātatīraṇapariññāhi parijānissantīti netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati. Ko pana vādo pahānapariññāyāti dasseti? <span class="bld">Tathabhāvāyā</span>ti parijānanakabhāvāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para171"></a><a name="para171_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">171</span>. <span class="bld">Aparittenā</span>ti ahīnena. <span class="bld">Vipulenā</span>ti mahatā. Yadi vaṇṇasampattidassanatthaṃ, vaṇṇadasakaṃ kasmā na gahitanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘mātugāmassa hī’’</span>tiādi. Bhojanasampadādīnaṃ alābhepīti dassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘duggatakule nibbattassapī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Thokaṃ thokaṃ vaṇṇāyatanaṃ pasīdati</span> maṃsassa paribrūhanato thanamaṃsāni vaḍḍhanti jāyanti. Vaṇṇeti hadayaṅgatabhāvaṃ pakāsento viya hotīti <span class="bld">vaṇṇo</span>. So eva sāmaggopabhogādinā nibhātīti <span class="bld">nibhā</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vaṇṇanibhāti vaṇṇoyevā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhogga</span>nti <a name="M2.0045"></a> ativiya vaṅkatāya bhoggaṃ. Tādisaṃ pana sarīraṃ bhaggaṃ viya hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘bhagga’’</span>nti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘imināpissa vaṅkabhāvameva dīpetī’’</span>ti. Dantānaṃ chinnabhinnatāya ekaccānaṃ patanena ca <span class="bld">khaṇḍitadantaṃ</span>. Kesānaṃ setavaṇṇatāya palitanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘paṇḍarakesa’’</span>nti. Kesānaṃ mattaso siyane khallāṭavohāroti bahuso siyanaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘mahākhallāṭasīsa’’</span>nti. Vassasatikakāle <a name="V2.0041"></a> uppajjanatilakāni sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘tilakāhatagatta’’</span>nti. Tāni pana kānici setāni honti kānici kāḷānīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘setakāḷatilakehī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Byādhika</span>nti sañcātabyādhiṃ. <span class="bld">Bāḷhagilāna</span>nti māraṇanti kagelaññena gilānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para173"></a><a name="para173_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">173</span>. <span class="bld">Tasmiṃ samaye</span>ti tasmiṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharaṇasamaye. <span class="bld">Na cetetī</span>ti na abhisandahati. Byābādhanaṭṭhena byābādho, byābādhova byābajjhaṃ, natthi ettha byābajjhanti <span class="bld">abyābajjhaṃ,</span> dukkharahitaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘niddukkhamevā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para174"></a><a name="para174_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">174</span>. <span class="bld">Aniccādiākāro</span>ti aniccākāro dukkhākāro vipariṇāmākāro calādiākāro ca.</p>
<p class="centered">Mahādukkhakkhandhasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.</p>
<p class="subhead">4. Cūḷadukkhakkhandhasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para175"></a><a name="para175_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">175</span>. <span class="bld">Sakkesū</span>ti <a name="V2.0042"></a> ettha yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ satipaṭṭhānasuttavaṇṇanāyaṃ vuttanayeneva veditabbanti taṃ ekadesena dassento <span class="bld">‘‘so hī’’</span>ti āha. Tattha yena rājakumārā sakyā nāma jātā, yato tesaṃ nivāsaṭṭhānatāya janapado tathā vuccati, taṃ vattabbanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sakyānaṃ pana uppatti ambaṭṭhasutte āgatāvā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Kapilavatthūti vuttaṃ</span> purimasaññāvasena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nānappakāraka</span>nti ‘‘lobhadhammā’’ti bahuvacanassa nimittaṃ vadati. Lobho hi tena tena avatthāvisesena pavattiākārabhedena ‘‘chando rāgotaṇhā āsatti apekkhā’’tiādinā anekappabhedo, lubbhanalakkhaṇena pana ‘‘lobho’’tveva vuccati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘nānappakārakaṃ lobhaṃyevā’’</span>ti. Tathā ‘‘doso paṭigho kodho upanāho <a name="M2.0046"></a> virodho’’tiādinā, ‘‘muyhanaṃ asamapekkhanaṃ apaccavekkhaṇā dummejjhaṃ bālya’’ntiādinā (dha. sa. 390) ca dosamohānaṃ nānappakārataṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘itaresupi dvīsu eseva nayo’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Pariyādiyitvā</span>ti parito sabbaso ādāya. Gahetvāti ayamettha atthoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘gahaṇe āgata’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Pariyādiyatī</span>ti parikkhīṇoti. Dī-saddañhi saddavidū khayatthaṃ vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekadā</span>ti āmeḍitalopena niddesoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ekekasmiṃ kāle’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Lobhadosamohā</span>ti paṭhamamaggena pahīnāvasesā lobhadosamohā. <span class="bld">Niravasesā pahīyanti,</span> aññathā dutiyamaggena kiṃ kataṃ siyāti adhippāyo. Samudācārappattaṃ pana disvā <span class="bld">‘‘appahīnaṃ me atthī’’tipi jānāti</span>. Evaṃ kathaṃ niravasesappahānasaññāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘appahīnakaṃ…pe… saññī hotī’’</span>ti. Evaṃ paṭhamamaggeneva samucchinnasaṃsayassa ‘‘ko su nāma me dhammo ajjhattaṃ appahīnoti <span class="bld">evaṃ sandheho kathaṃ uppajjatī’’</span>ti vatvā <span class="bld">‘‘paṇṇattiyā akovidattā’’</span>ti kāraṇamāha. Vinayakukkuccaṃ viya hi paṇṇattiyaṃ akusalatāya ariyānampi katthaci vimatimattaṃ uppajjati yathā taṃ sabbaso appahīnasammohānanti. Attano avisaye anabhijānanaṃ paṇṇattikosallena kimettha payojanaṃ, paccavekkhaṇāmattena ayamattho sijjhatīti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘kiṃ tassa paccavekkhaṇā natthī’’</span>ti āha. Itaro ‘‘natthī’’ti na sakkā vattunti katvā ‘‘atthī’’ti vatvā tattha labbhamānavibhāgaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘sā panā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">sā</span>ti <a name="V2.0043"></a> paccavekkhaṇā. <span class="bld">Sabbesa</span>nti sabbesaṃ ariyānaṃ. Yathā paripuṇṇā na hoti, na evaṃ sabbaso na hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘imāsu panā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para176"></a><a name="para176_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">176</span>. <span class="bld">Ajjhatta</span>nti niyakajjhattaṃ adhippetanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tava santāne’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Appahīno</span>ti anavasesato appahīno. <span class="bld">Duvidhe</span>ti vatthukāmakilesakāme. Kilesakāmopi hi yadaggena assādīyati, tadaggena paribhuñjīyati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para177"></a><a name="para177_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">177</span>. Assādīyatīti assādo, sukhaṃ. Appo appamattako assādo etesūti <span class="bld">appassādā</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘parittasukhā’’</span>ti. Pariyesanadukkhādihetukaṃ <a name="M2.0047"></a> diṭṭhadhammikaṃ tattha duccaritacaraṇena samparāyikañca dukkhamettha kāmesu bahukanti <span class="bld">bahudukkhā. Bahupāyāsā</span>ti bahuparikkilesā. Te pana parikkilesā vakkhamānanayena bahūyevettha diṭṭhadhammikāpīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘diṭṭhadhammika…pe… bahū’’</span>ti. Te ca parikkilesā yasmā taṃsamaṅgino hitapaṭipattiyā antarāyakarā idha ceva paraloke ca ādīnavakāraṇañca pavattanti, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘diṭṭhadhammika…pe… bahū’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Evaṃ cepī</span>ti evaṃ ‘‘appassādā kāmā’’tiādinā ākārena. <span class="bld">Nayenā</span>ti dhammena. <span class="bld">Kāraṇenā</span>ti yuttiyā. Suṭṭhu diṭṭhaṃ hotīti sambandho. <span class="bld">Vipassanāpaññāyā</span>ti ariyamaggapaññāya. Sā cattāripi saccāni visesato passatīti <span class="bld">vipassanā</span>ti adhippetā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘heṭṭhāmaggadvayañāṇenāti attho’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Pītisukha</span>nti pītisukhavantaṃ jhānadvayaṃ. <span class="bld">Dve magge</span>ti heṭṭhāmagge. Āvaṭṭanasīlo ābhujanasīlo na hotīti <span class="bld">anāvaṭṭī neva hoti</span> sabbaso appahīnakāmarāgachando. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kasmā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Orodhanāṭakā pajahanapaññā</span>ti ādīnavānupassanāñāṇamāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para179"></a><a name="para179_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">179</span>. <span class="bld">Assādopi kathito,</span> ‘‘appassādā’’ti hi iminā yāvatako kāmesu assādo, taṃ sabbaṃ anavasesato pariggahetvā cassa parittabhāvo dassitoti <span class="bld">ādīnavopi kathito</span> saṅkhepeneva sesassaādīnavassa dassitattā. <span class="bld">Taṃ kathetu</span>nti taṃ nissaraṇaṃ ‘‘ekantasukhapaṭisaṃvedī’’ti iminā kathetuṃ. <span class="bld">Imehi antehī</span>ti ‘‘pañcime, mahānāma, kāmaguṇā’’tiādinā kāmaguṇadassanamukhena kāmasukhallikānuyogaṃ ‘‘ubbhaṭṭhakā honti āsanapaṭikkhittā’’tiādinā attakilamathānuyogañca dassetvā imehi dvīhi antehi muttaṃ mama sāsananti, phalasamāpattipariyosānattā sāsanasampattiyā <span class="bld">‘‘upariphalasamāpattisīsena sakalasāsanaṃ dassetu’’</span>nti āha. Gijjhasadiso kūṭoti majjhepadalopīsamāso yathā ‘‘sākapatthivo’’ti (pāṇini. 2.1.60). Dutiye panettha gijjhavantatāya gijjhā kūṭe etassāti <a name="V2.0044"></a> <span class="bld">gijjhakūṭo</span>. Uddhaṃyeva tiṭṭhanakā nisajjāya vuṭṭhitakālato paṭṭhāya ekaṭṭhāneneva tiṭṭhanakā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘anisinnā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Nigaṇṭhassā</span>ti nāṭaputtassa. Natthi etassa parisesanti <span class="bld">aparisesaṃ</span>. Evaṃ saṅkhābhavacanamattamassāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘aparisesasaṅkhāta’’</span>nti. Niccaṭṭhena <a name="M2.0048"></a> satata-saddena abhiṇhappavatti jotitā siyāti <span class="bld">‘‘samita’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. Tena nirantarappavattiṃ dassetīti evaṃ vā ettha attho daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para180"></a><a name="para180_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">180</span>. <span class="bld">Yaṃ karoti, taṃ jānātī</span>ti dukkhassa nijjaraṇakhepanaṃ nāma viññūnaṃ kiccaṃ, viññunā ca purisena katākataṃ jānitabbaṃ, tasmā tumhehi purāṇānaṃ kammānaṃ byantibhāvaṃ karontehi paṭhamaṃ tāva ettakāni purāṇāni kammānīti jānitabbāni, tato ‘‘ettakaṃ kālaṃ katena tapasā ettakāni tāni byantikatāni, idāni ettakāni kātabbānī’’tiādinā ayaṃ vidhi purisena viya attanā kātabbakiccaṃ paricchinditabbanti dasseti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tumhehipi tathā ñātabbaṃ siyā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Suddhanta</span>nti suddhakoṭṭhāsaṃ, āyatiṃ anavassavasiddhaṃ kammakkhayaṃ, tato vā dukkhakkhayanti attho. <span class="bld">Suddhantaṃ patto atthīti pucchatī</span>ti iminā akusalānaṃ pahānaṃ, kusalānaṃ bhāvanā ca sabbena sabbaṃ nigaṇṭhasamaye natthi sabbaso visuddhibhāvanāya abhāvato, tasmā kuto dukkhakkhayassa sambhavoti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evaṃ ajānanabhāve satī</span>ti ‘‘ahuvamheva maya’’ntiādinā vuttappakārassa ajānane sati, tasmiṃ tumhehi aññāyamāneti attho. <span class="bld">Luddā</span>ti ghorā. Te pana yasmā kāyavācāhi nihīnameva karonti, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘luddācārā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Lohitapāṇitveva vuccati</span> tajjākiriyācaraṇato. Māgavikakevaṭṭacoraghātakādayo <span class="bld">māgavikādayo. Kakkhaḷakammā</span>ti pharusakammā. <span class="bld">Te nigaṇṭhesu pabbajantī</span>ti pubbe mahādukkhasaṃvattaniyakammassa katattā hi tumhe etarahi īdisaṃ mahādukkhaṃ paccanubhavathāti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vāde</span>ti diṭṭhiyaṃ, samayeti attho. <span class="bld">Sukhena sukha</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">sukhenā</span>ti paṭipattisukhena, sukhāya paṭipattiyāti attho. <span class="bld">Sukha</span>nti vimokkhasukhaṃ, idha loke sukhaṃ adhigacchantā kasivaṇijjādidukkhapaṭipattiyāva adhigacchanti, evaṃ mokkhasukhampīti adhippāyo. Sarīrāvayavasampattiyāpi bimbino sāroti <span class="bld">bimbisāro. Te nigaṇṭhā…pe… sandhāya vadanti,</span> na pana bhagavato accantasantapaṇītaṃ nibbānasukhapaṭivedanaṃ jānanti. <span class="bld">Sahasā</span>ti ravā. <span class="bld">Appaṭisaṅkhā</span>ti na paṭisaṅkhāya avicāretvā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sāhasaṃ katvā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aññāhi <a name="M2.0049"></a><a name="V2.0045"></a> vedanāhi avomissaṃ ekantaṃ sukhaṃ <span class="bld">ekantasukhaṃ,</span> tassa paṭisaṃvedī. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘nirantarasukhapaṭisaṃvedī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Kathāpatiṭṭhāpanattha</span>nti ‘‘ekantasukhapaṭisaṃvedī’’ti evaṃ āraddhakathāya patiṭṭhāpanatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Rājavāre</span>ti rājānaṃ uddissa āgatadesanāvāre. <span class="bld">Sukhaṃ pucchituṃ hotīti</span> ‘‘yadi satta rattindivāni nappahoti, kiṃ cha rattindivāni pahotī’’tiādinā pucchanasukhaṃ hoti. ‘‘Ahaṃ kho’’tiādinā pavatto <span class="bld">suddhavāro</span> suddhanissandassa phalasamāpattisukhassa vasena āgatattā. <span class="bld">Anacchariyaṃ hoti,</span> satta rattindivāni pahontassa ekasmiṃ rattindive kiṃ vattabbanti. <span class="bld">Uttānatthameva</span> vuttanayattā suviññeyyattā.</p>
<p class="centered">Cūḷadukkhakkhandhasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.</p>
<p class="subhead">5. Anumānasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para181"></a><a name="para181_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">181</span>. <span class="bld">Vuttānusārenā</span>ti <a name="V2.0046"></a> ‘‘kurūsu, sakkesū’’ti ca ettha vuttanayānusārena, ‘‘bhaggā nāma jānapadino rājakumārā’’tiādinā nayena vacanattho veditabboti attho. <span class="bld">Vatthupariggahadivase</span>ti nagaramāpanatthaṃ vatthuvijjācariyena nagaraṭṭhānassa pariggaṇhanadivase. <span class="bld">Athā</span>ti pacchā. <span class="bld">Nagare nimmite</span>ti tattha anantarāyena nagare māpite. Tameva susumāragiraṇaṃ subhanimittaṃ katvā <span class="bld">‘‘susumāragiri’’tvevassa nāmaṃ akaṃsu</span>. Susumārasaṇṭhānattā susumāro nāma eko giri, so tassa nagarassa samīpe, tasmā taṃ susumāragiri etassa atthīti <span class="bld">‘‘susumāragirī’’</span>ti vuccatīti keci. <span class="bld">Bhesakaḷā</span>ti vuccati ghammaṇḍagacchaṃ, keci ‘‘setarukkha’’nti vadanti, tesaṃ bahulatāya pana taṃ vanaṃ bhesakaḷāvananteva paññāyittha. <span class="bld">Bheso</span> nāma eko yakkho ayuttakārī, tassa tato gaḷitaṭṭhānatāya taṃ vanaṃ <span class="bld">bhesagaḷāvanaṃ</span> nāma jātanti keci. <span class="bld">Abhayadinnaṭṭhāne jātaṃ</span> virūḷhaṃ, saṃvaddhanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Icchāpetī</span>ti yaṃ kiñci attani garahitabbaṃ vattuṃ sabrahmacārīnaṃ icchaṃ uppādeti, tadatthāya tesaṃ attānaṃ vissajjetīti attho. Paṭhamaṃ dinno hitūpadeso <span class="bld">ovādo,</span> aparāparaṃ dinno <span class="bld">anusāsanī</span>. Paccuppannātītavisayo <a name="M2.0050"></a> vā <span class="bld">ovādo,</span> anāgatavisayo <span class="bld">anusāsanī</span>. Otiṇṇavatthuko <span class="bld">ovādo,</span> itaro <span class="bld">anusāsanī. So cā</span>ti evaṃ pavāretā so bhikkhu. Dukkhaṃ vaco etasmiṃ vippaṭikūlaggāhe vipaccanīkasāte anādare puggaleti <span class="bld">dubbaco</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘dukkhena vattabbo’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Upari āgatehī</span>ti ‘‘pāpiccho hotī’’tiādinā (ma. ni. 1.181) āgatehi soḷasahi pāpadhammehi. Pakārehi āvahaṃ padakkhiṇaṃ, tato padakkhiṇato gahaṇasīlo padakkhiṇaggāhī, na padakkhiṇaggāhī <span class="bld">appadakkhiṇaggāhī. Vāmato</span>ti apasabyato, vuttavipariyāyatoti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Asantasambhāvanapatthanāna</span>nti asantehi avijjamānehi guṇehi sambhāvanassa patthanābhūtānaṃ. Paṭi-saddo paccattikapariyāyo, pharaṇaṃ vāyamanaṃ idha tathāvaṭṭhānanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘paṭippharatīti paṭiviruddho paccanīko hutvā tiṭṭhatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Apasādetī</span>ti khipeti tajjeti. Tathābhūto <a name="V2.0047"></a> ca paraṃ ghaṭṭento nāma hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ghaṭṭetī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Paṭiāropetī</span>ti yādisena vutto, tassa paṭibhāgabhūtaṃ dosaṃ codakassa upari āropeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭicaratī</span>ti (a. ni. ṭī. 2.3.68) paṭicchādanavasena carati pavattati, paṭicchādanattho eva vā carati-saddo anekatthattā dhātūnanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘paṭicchādetī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Aññenañña</span>nti paṭicchādanākāradassananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘aññena kāraṇenā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">aññaṃ kāraṇaṃ vacanaṃ vā</span>ti yaṃ codakena cuditakassa dosavibhāvanaṃ kāraṇaṃ, vacanaṃ vā vuttaṃ, tato aññeneva kāraṇena, vacanena vā paṭicchādeti. <span class="bld">Kāraṇenā</span>ti codanāya amūlikabhāvadīpaniyā yuttiyā. <span class="bld">Vacanenā</span>ti tadatthabodhanena. <span class="bld">Ko āpanno</span>tiādinā codanaṃ avissajjetvā vikkhepāpajjanaṃ aññenaññaṃ paṭicaraṇanti dasseti, bahiddhā kathāapanāmanaṃ vissajjetvāti ayameva tesaṃ viseso. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘itthannāma’’</span>ntiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apadīyanti dosā etena rakkhīyanti, lūyanti, chijjantīti vā <span class="bld">apadānaṃ,</span> (a. ni. ṭī. 2.3.2) sattānaṃ sammā, micchā vā pavattapayogo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘attano cariyāyā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para183"></a><a name="para183_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">183</span>. <span class="bld">Anuminitabba</span>nti <a name="M2.0051"></a> anu anu minitabbo jānitabbo. <span class="bld">Attānaṃ anuminitabba</span>nti ca idaṃ paccatte upayogavacanaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘anuminitabbo tuletabbo tīretabbo’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Attānaṃ anuminitabba</span>nti vā attani anumānañāṇaṃ pavattetabbaṃ. Tatrāyaṃ nayo – appiyabhāvāvahā mayi pavattā pāpicchatā pāpicchābhāvato parasmiṃ pavattapāpicchatā viya. Esa nayo sesadhammesupi. Aparo nayo – sabrahmacārīnaṃ piyabhāvaṃ icchantena pāpicchatā pahātabbā sīlavisuddhihetubhāvato attukkaṃsanādippahānaṃ viya. Sesadhammesupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para184"></a><a name="para184_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">184</span>. <span class="bld">Paccavekkhitabbo</span>ti ‘‘na pāpiccho bhavissāmi, na pāpikānaṃ icchānaṃ vasaṃ gato’’tiādinā pati pati divasassa tikkhattuṃ vā ñāṇacakkhunā avekkhitabbaṃ, ñāṇaṃ pavattetabbanti attho. Pāpicchatādīnaṃ pahānaṃ pati avekkhitabbaṃ, ayañca attho tabba-saddassa bhāvatthatāvasena veditabbo, kammatthatāvasena pana <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathāyaṃ ‘‘attāna’’</span>nti paccatte upayogavacanaṃ katvā vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sikkhantenā</span>ti tissopi sikkhā sikkhantena. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kusalesu dhammesū’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tilaka</span>nti <a name="V2.0048"></a> kāḷatilasetatilāditilakaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbappahāna</span>nti sabbappakārappahānaṃ. <span class="bld">Phale āgate</span>ti phale uppanne. <span class="bld">Nibbāne āgate</span>ti nibbānassa adhigatattā. <span class="bld">Bhikkhupātimokkha</span>nti ‘‘so samaṇo, sa bhikkhū’’ti evaṃ vuttabhikkhūnaṃ pātimokkhaṃ, na upasampannānaṃ eva na pabbajitānaṃ evāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Yasmā cidaṃ bhikkhupātimokkhaṃ, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘idaṃ divasassa tikkhattu’’</span>ntiādi. <span class="bld">Apaccavekkhituṃ na vaṭṭati</span> attavisuddhiyā ekantahetubhāvato.</p>
<p class="centered">Anumānasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.</p>
<p class="subhead">6. Cetokhilasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para185"></a><a name="para185_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">185</span>. Ceto <a name="V2.0049"></a> tehi khilayati thaddhabhāvaṃ āpajjatīti <span class="bld">cetokhilā</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘cittassa thaddhabhāvā’’</span>ti. Yasmā tehi uppannehi cittaṃ uklāpījātaṃ ṭhānaṃ viya amanuññaṃ khettaṃ viya ca khāṇukanicitaṃ amahapphalaṃ hoti. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kacavarabhāvā khāṇukabhāvā’’</span>ti. ‘‘Cittassā’’ti ānetvā <a name="M2.0052"></a> sambandhitabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Cittaṃ bandhitvā</span>ti taṇhāpavattibhāvato kusalacārassa avasaracajanavasena cittaṃ baddhaṃ viya samorodhetvā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘muṭṭhiyaṃ katvā viya gaṇhantī’’</span>ti. Saddatthato pana ceto virūpaṃ nibandhīyati saṃyamīyati etehīti <span class="bld">cetaso vinibandhā</span> yassa catubbidhaṃ sīlaṃ akhaṇḍādibhāvappattiyā suparisuddhaṃ visesabhāgiyattā appakasireneva maggaphalāvahaṃ mahāsaṅgharakkhitattherassa viya, so tādisena sīlena imasmiṃ dhammavinaye vuddhiṃ āpajjissatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sīlena vuddhi’’</span>nti. Yassa pana ariyamaggo uppajjanto virūḷhamūlo viya pādapo suppatiṭṭhito, so sāsane virūḷhiṃ āpannoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘maggena virūḷhi’’</span>nti. Yo sabbaso kilesanibbānappatto, so arahā sīlādidhammakkhandhapāripūriyā sativepullappatto hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘nibbānena vepulla’’</span>nti. Dutiyavikappe attho vuttanayānusārena veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Buddhānaṃ dhammakāyo viya rūpakāyopi anaññasādhāraṇatāya anuttaraguṇādhiṭṭhānatāya ca apaccakkhakārīnaṃ saṃsayavatthu hotiyevāti <span class="bld">‘‘sarīre vā guṇe vā kaṅkhatī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Tattha yathā mahāpurisalakkhaṇena anubyañjanādayo rūpakāyaguṇā gahitā eva honti avinābhāvatoti <span class="bld">‘‘dvattiṃsavaralakkhaṇappaṭimaṇḍita’’</span>micceva vuttaṃ, evaṃ anāvaraṇañāṇena sabbepi anantāparimeyyabhedā dhammakāyaguṇā gahitā eva hontīti <span class="bld">sabbaññutaññāṇaggahaṇameva</span> kataṃ nānantariyabhāvatoti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Kaṅkhahī</span>ti ‘‘aho vata te guṇā na bhaveyyuṃ, bhaveyyuṃ vā’’ti patthanuppādanavasena kaṅkhati. Purimo hi viparītajjhāsayo, itaro yathābhūtañāṇajjhāsayo. <span class="bld">Vicinanto</span>ti vicayabhūtāya paññāya te vivecetukāmo tadabhāvato kicchaṃ dukkhaṃ āpajjati, kicchappatti ca tattha nicchetuṃ asamatthatāyevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vinicchetuṃ na sakkotī’’</span>ti. Vigatā cikicchāti <span class="bld">vicikicchā. Adhimokkhaṃ na paṭilabhatī</span>ti ‘‘evameta’’nti okappanavasena guṇesu vinicchayaṃ nādhigacchati. <span class="bld">Otaritvā</span>ti ñāṇena anupavisitvā. <span class="bld">Pasīditu</span>nti ‘‘pasannarūpadhammakāyaguṇehi bhagavā’’ti pasīdituṃ. <span class="bld">Anāvilo</span> akālusso hotuṃ <span class="bld">na sakkoti</span>. ‘‘Kaṅkhatī’’ti <a name="V2.0050"></a> iminā dubbalā vimati vuttā, ‘‘vicikicchatī’’ti iminā majjhimā, ‘‘nādhimuccatī’’ti iminā balavatī, ‘‘na sampasīdatī’’ti iminā tividhāyapi vimatiyā vasena uppannacittakālussiyaṃ vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ātappāyā</span>tiādito <a name="M2.0053"></a> tapati santapati kileseti <span class="bld">ātappaṃ,</span> ārambhadhātu, tadatthāya. <span class="bld">Anuyogāyā</span>ti yathā saṃkilesadhammānaṃ avasaro na hoti, evaṃ anu anu yuñjanaṃ <span class="bld">anuyogo,</span> nikkamadhātu, tadatthāya. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘punappunaṃ yogāyā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sātaccāyā</span>ti yathā uparūpari visesādhigamo hoti, tathā satatassa nirantarapavattassa anuyogassa bhāvo <span class="bld">sātaccaṃ,</span> parakkamadhātu, tadatthāya. <span class="bld">Padhānāyā</span>ti santamevaṃ tividhadhātusaṃvaḍḍhitānubhāvaṃ sabbakilesaviddhaṃsanasamatthaṃ padhānasaṅkhātaṃ vīriyaṃ, tadatthāya. Ettha ca ātappāya cittaṃ na namati yathāvuttakaṅkhāvasena, pageva anuyogādiatthanti dassetuṃ cattāripi padāni gahitāni, anavasesavisesadassanatthaṃ vā. Keci pana ‘‘ātappavevacanāneva anuyogādipadānī’’ti vadanti. Ettāvatā bhagavā satthari kaṅkhāya cittassa thaddhakacavarakhāṇukabhāvena akusalabhāvādiāpādanato cetokhilabhāvaṃ dasseti. Sesesupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sikkhāggahaṇena paṭipattisaddhammassa gahitattā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pariyattidhamme ca paṭivedhadhamme cā’’</span>ti. Pariyattidhamme yattha kaṅkhāya sambhavo, taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘caturāsīti dhammakkhandhasahassānī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tayidaṃ nidassanamattaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ paramparāya paṭivedhāvahabhāvādivasenapi ekaccānaṃ tattha saṃsayuppattito. Yathā ca paṭivedhe kaṅkhā vuttā, evaṃ adhigamadhammepi pavattatīti veditabbā. Tathā hi ekacce ‘‘kasiṇādibhāvanāya jhānāni ijjhantī’’ti vadanti. ‘‘Kasiṇanissando āruppāti, mettādinissando catutthabrahmavihāro’’ti evamādinā kaṅkhatiyevāti. Ettha ca navalokuttaresu paññattiyaṃyeva kaṅkhāpavatti veditabbā asaṃkilesikattā lokuttaradhammānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evarūpa</span>nti edisaṃ suppaṭipatti-ujuppaṭipatti-ñāyappaṭipatti-sāmīcippaṭipatti-saṅkhātaṃ sammāpaṭipadaṃ. <span class="bld">Adhisīlasikkhā</span>dayo lokuttaradhammassa anudhammabhūtā veditabbā. Evañhi maggaphalasikkhāhi imāsaṃ viseso siddho hoti. Tathā hi vuttaṃ ‘‘sikkhāggahaṇena paṭipattisaddhammassa gahitattā’’ti. Ettha ca yathā vicikicchā vatthuttayassa sikkhāya ca guṇesu anadhimuccanaasampasīdanavasena appaṭipattibhāvato cittassa thaddhabhāvo āsappanaparisappanavasena pavattiyā kacavarakhāṇukabhāvo ca, evaṃ sabrahmacārīsu āghātacaṇḍikkādivasena <a name="V2.0051"></a> cittassa thaddhabhāvo ca upahananavirujjhanādivasena <a name="M2.0054"></a> kacavarakhāṇukabhāvo ca veditabbo. Ariyasaṅghavisayā vicikicchā, puggalavisayā kāci natthīti saṅghavisayāva gahitā, sāsanikavasena cāyaṃ cetokhiladesanāti sabrahmacārīvisayova kopo gahito.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para186"></a><a name="para186_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">186</span>. Yathā vatthukāmo, evaṃ kilesakāmopi assādanīyo evāti <span class="bld">‘‘kilesakāmepī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Tenāha bhagavā ‘‘rūpataṇhā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisatī’’tiādi (dī. ni. 2.400; ma. ni. 1.133; vibha. 203). <span class="bld">Kāmaniddese</span> (mahāni. 1) sabbepi tebhūmakā dhammā kāmanīyaṭṭhena <span class="bld">‘‘kāmā’’</span>ti vuttā, balavakāmarāgavatthubhūtāyevettha kāmaggahaṇena gahitāti. Vinibaddhavatthubhāvena yathā visuṃ attano kāyo gahito, tathā paresaṃ tathārūpā rūpadhammā samūhaṭṭhenāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘rūpeti bahiddhārūpe’’</span>ti. Yathā hi pañcakāmaguṇiko rāgo jhānādivisesādhigamassa vinibaddhāya saṃvattati, evaṃ attano kāye apekkhā bahiddhā ca sakaparikkhārañātimittādīsu apekkhāti. Keci panettha ‘‘rūpeti rūpajjhāne’’tiādinā papañcenti. Tadayuttaṃ jhānādhigamavinibaddhānaṃ sīlassa ca saṃkilesabhūtānaṃ cetovinibaddhabhāvena gahitattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yāvadattha</span>nti yāva attheti abhikaṅkhati, tāva. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yattakaṃ icchati, tattaka’’</span>nti. Nti yāvadatthaṃ udarapūraṃ bhuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Avadehanato</span> pūraṇato. <span class="bld">Seyyasukha</span>nti seyyaṃ paṭicca uppajjanakasukhaṃ. <span class="bld">Passasukha</span>nti passānaṃ samparivattanena uppajjanakasukhaṃ. <span class="bld">Niddāsukha</span>nti niddāyanena uppajjanakasukhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sīlenā</span>tiādi patthanākāradassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Vatasamādāna</span>nti dhutaṅgādivatānuṭṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Tapo</span>ti vīriyārambho. So hi kilesānaṃ tapanaṭṭhena niggaṇhanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">tapacaraṇa</span>nti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para189"></a><a name="para189_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">189</span>. <span class="bld">Chandaṃ nissāyā</span>ti chandaṃ dhuraṃ, chandaṃ jeṭṭhakaṃ, chandaṃ pubbaṅgamaṃ katvā pavattivasena chandaṃ nissāya. Jeṭṭhakaṭṭhena padhānabhūtā, padhānabhāvaṃ vā pattāti <span class="bld">padhānabhūtā. Tehi dhammehī</span>ti chandanissayena pavattasamādhinā ceva ‘‘padhānasaṅkhāro’’ti vuttavīriyena ca. <span class="bld">Upeta</span>nti sampayuttaṃ. Ijjhanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">iddhi,</span> nipphattiatthena paṭilābhaṭṭhena cāti attho, tassā <span class="bld">iddhiyā pādaṃ</span> pādakaṃ <a name="M2.0055"></a> padaṭṭhānabhūtaṃ. Atha vā ijjhanti tāya iddhā vuddhā ukkaṃsagatā hontīti <span class="bld">iddhi,</span> sāva uparivisesānaṃ <a name="V2.0052"></a> adhiṭṭhānabhāvato <span class="bld">pādo</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘iddhibhūtaṃ vā pādanti iddhipāda’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Sesesupī</span>ti vīriyiddhipādādīsupi. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti iddhipādassa. <span class="bld">Attho dīpito</span>ti dīpanatthaṃ kataṃ, tasmā <span class="bld">visuddhimaggasaṃvaṇṇanāyaṃ</span> (visuddhi. mahāṭī. 2.369) tassa atthavicāro gahetabbo. Iddhipādānaṃ samādhipadhānattā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vikkhambhanappahānaṃ kathita’’</span>nti. Tesaṃ tesaṃ kusaladhammānaṃ anuppannānaṃ uppādanakiriyāya uppannānaṃ paribrūhanakiriyāya ussahanato <span class="bld">ussoḷhī,</span> thāmappattā parakkamadhātu. Sā pana catunnaṃ iddhipādānaṃ visesapaccayabhūtā te upādāya <span class="bld">‘‘pañcamī’’</span>ti vuttā, sā ca yasmā samathavipassanābhāvanāsu tattha caādimajjhapariyosānesu sādhetabbaṃ vīriyaṃ, tasmā āha <span class="bld">‘‘ussoḷhīti sabbattha kattabbavīriyaṃ dassetī’’</span>ti. Pubbabhāgiyasamathavipassanāsādhanaṃ pahātabbadhammavibhāgena bhinditvā āha <span class="bld">‘‘pañca cetokhilappahānāni pañca vinibandhappahānānī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Bhabbo</span>ti yutto arahati nipphattiyā. <span class="bld">Ñāṇenā</span>ti maggañāṇena. <span class="bld">Kilesabhedāyā</span>ti kilesānaṃ samucchindanāya. <span class="bld">Khemassā</span>ti anupaddavassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sambhāvanatthe</span>ti (sārattha. ṭī. 1.11; a. ni. ṭī. 3.7.71) ‘‘api nāmevaṃ siyā’’ti vikappanattho sambhāvanattho. Evaṃ hīti evaṃ ekameva saṅkhyaṃ avatvā aparāya saṅkhyāya saddhiṃ vacanaṃ loke siliṭṭhavacanaṃ hoti yathā ‘‘dve vā tīṇi vā udakaphusitānī’’ti. <span class="bld">Sammā adhisayitānī</span>ti pādādīhi attanā nesaṃ kiñci upaghātaṃ akarontiyā bahivātādiparissayapariharaṇatthaṃ sammadeva upari sayitāni. <span class="bld">Utuṃ gāhāpentiyā</span>ti tesaṃ allasinehapariyādānatthaṃ attano kāyusmāvasena utuṃ gaṇhāpentiyā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘usmīkatānī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sammā paribhāvitānī</span>ti sammadeva sabbaso kukkuṭavāsanāya vāsitāni. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kukkuṭagandhaṃ gāhāpitānī’’</span>ti. Ayañca kukkuṭagandhaparibhāvanā sammāadhisayanasammāparisedananipphattiyā <span class="bld">‘‘anunipphādī’’</span>ti (sārattha. ṭī. 1.11) daṭṭhabbā. Tehi pana saddhiṃyeva ijjhanato vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tividhakiriyākaraṇenā’’</span>ti. Kiñcāpi na evaṃ ‘‘aho vatime’’tiādinā icchā uppajjeyya, kāraṇassa pana sampāditattā atha kho bhabbāva abhinibbhijjitunti yojanā<a name="M2.0056"></a>. Kasmā bhabbāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘te hi yasmā tāyā’’</span>tiādi. Ettha yathā kapālassa tanutā ālokassa anto paññāyamānassa kāraṇaṃ, tathā kapālassa tanutāya nakhasikhāmukhatuṇḍakānaṃ kharatāya ca allasinehassa pariyādānaṃ kāraṇavacananti daṭṭhabbaṃ, <span class="bld">tasmā</span>ti ālokassa anto paññāyamānato, sayañca paripākagatattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Opammasampaṭipādana</span>nti opammatthassa upameyyena sammadeva paṭipādanaṃ. <span class="bld">Atthenā</span>ti upameyyatthena. Yathā kukkuṭiyā aṇḍesu tividhakiriyāya karaṇaṃ kukkuṭacchāpakānaṃ aṇḍakosato <a name="V2.0053"></a> nikkhamanassa mūlakāraṇaṃ, evaṃ bhikkhuno ussoḷhīpannarasāni aṅgāni avijjaṇḍakosato nikkhamanassa mūlakāraṇanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tassā kukkuṭiyā…pe… samannāgatabhāvo’’</span>ti. Paṭicchādanasāmaññena avijjāya aṇḍakosasadisatāya balavavipassanāvasena avijjaṇḍakosassa tanubhāvo, vipassanāñāṇassa pariṇāmakālo vuṭṭhānagāminibhāvāpatti, tadā ca sā maggañāṇagabbhaṃ dhārentī viya hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘gabbhaggahaṇakālo’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Abhiññāpakkhe</span>ti lokiyābhiññāpakkhe. Lokuttarābhiññā hi avijjaṇḍakosaṃ padālikāti. <span class="bld">Gāthāya avijjaṇḍakosaṃ paharatī</span>ti desanāvilāsena vineyyasantānagataṃ avijjaṇḍakosaṃ ghaṭṭeti, yathāṭhāne ṭhātuṃ na deti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭisaṅkhānappahāna</span>nti tadaṅgappahānapubbakaṃ vikkhambhanappahānaṃ. Pubbabhāgiyā iddhipādā pāḷiyaṃ gahitāti <span class="bld">‘‘iddhipādehi vikkhambhanappahāna’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. ‘‘Ussoḷhipannarasaṅgasamannāgato bhikkhu bhabbo abhinibbidāyā’’tiādivacanato (ma. ni. 1.189) lokuttariddhipādā pana sambodhaggahaṇeneva gahitā. <span class="bld">Magge āgate</span>ti ussoḷhīpannarasaṅgasamannāgatassa bhikkhuno vipassanaṃ ussukkāpayato magge āgate uppanne, pāḷiyaṃ vā abhinibbhidāsambodhaggahaṇehi <span class="bld">magge āgate. Phale āgate</span>ti etthāpi vuttanayena attho veditabbo. Nibbānassa pana pāḷiyaṃ anāgatattā nissaraṇappahānaṃ na gahitaṃ. Sesaṃ suviññeyyameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Cetokhilasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.</p>
<p class="subhead">7. Vanapatthapariyāyasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para190"></a><a name="para190_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">190</span>. Vanīyati <a name="M2.0057"></a><a name="V2.0054"></a> vivekakāmehi bhajīyati, vanute vā te attasampattiyā vasanatthāya yācanto viya hotīti vanaṃ, patiṭṭhanti ettha vivekakāmā yathādhippetavisesādhigamenāti patthaṃ, vanesu patthaṃ gahanaṭṭhāne senāsanaṃ <span class="bld">vanapatthaṃ</span>. Pariyāyati attano phalaṃ pariggahetvā vattatīti <span class="bld">pariyāyo,</span> kāraṇanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vanapatthapariyāyanti vanapatthakāraṇa’’</span>nti. Vanapatthañhi taṃ upanissāya viharato upanissayakāraṇaṃ. Tenāha ‘‘vanapatthaṃ upanissāya viharatī’’ti. Pariyāyati desetabbamatthaṃ patiṭṭhapetīti <span class="bld">pariyāyo,</span> desanā. Vanapatthaṃ ārabbha pavattā desanā <span class="bld">vanapatthadesanā,</span> taṃ, ubhayatthāpi vanapatthaggahaṇaṃ lakkhaṇamattaṃ gāmādīnampettha kāraṇabhāvassa, desanāya visayabhāvassa ca labbhamānattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para191"></a><a name="para191_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">191</span>. <span class="bld">Nissāyā</span>ti apassāya, vivekavāsassa apassayaṃ katvāti attho. <span class="bld">Na upaṭṭhātī</span>tiādīhi tasmiṃ vanapatthe senāsanasappāyābhāvaṃ, utupuggaladhammassavanasappāyābhāvampi vā dasseti. <span class="bld">Jīvitasambhārā</span>ti (a. ni. ṭī. 3.9.6) jīvitappavattiyā sambhārā paccayā. <span class="bld">Samudānetabbā</span>ti sammā ñāyena anavajjauñchācariyādinā uddhaṃ uddhaṃ ānetabbā pāpuṇitabbā. Te pana tathā samudānitā samāhaṭā nāma hontīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘samāharitabbā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Dukkhena uppajjantī</span>ti sulabhuppādā na honti. Etena bhojanasappāyādiabhāvaṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Rattibhāgaṃ vā divasabhāgaṃ vā</span>ti bhummatthe upayogavacananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘rattikoṭṭhāse vā divasakoṭṭhāse vā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Rattiṃyeva pakkamitabbaṃ</span> samaṇadhammassa tattha anipphajjanato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para192-3"></a><a name="para192-3_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">192-3</span>. <span class="bld">Saṅkhāpī</span>ti ‘‘yadatthamahaṃ pabbajito, na metaṃ idha nipphajjati, cīvarādi pana samudāgacchati, nāhaṃ tadatthaṃ pabbajito, kiṃ me idha vāsenā’’ti paṭisaṅkhāyapi. Anantaravāre <span class="bld">saṅkhāpī</span>ti ‘‘yadatthamahaṃ pabbajito, taṃ me idha nipphajjati, cīvarādi pana na samudāgacchati, nāhaṃ tadatthaṃ pabbajito’’ti paṭisaṅkhāyapīti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘samaṇadhammassa nipphajjanabhāvaṃ jānitvā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para195-7"></a><a name="para195-7_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">195-7</span>. <span class="bld">So</span> <a name="M2.0058"></a> <span class="bld">puggalo anāpucchā pakkamitabbaṃ, nānubandhitabbo</span>ti ‘‘so puggalo’’ti padassa ‘‘nānubandhitabbo’’ti iminā sambandho. Yassa yena hi sambandho, dūraṭṭhenapi so bhavati<a name="V2.0055"></a>. <span class="bld">Taṃ puggala</span>nti ‘‘so puggalo’’ti paccattavacanaṃ upayogavasena pariṇāmetvā taṃ puggalaṃ anāpucchā pakkamitabbanti attho. Atthavasena hi vibhattivipariṇāmoti. <span class="bld">Taṃ āpucchā pakkamitabba</span>nti etthāpi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Āpucchā pakkamitabba</span>nti ca kataññutakataveditāya niyojanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para198"></a><a name="para198_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">198</span>. <span class="bld">Evarūpo</span>ti yaṃ nissāya bhikkhuno guṇehi vuddhiyeva pāṭikaṅkhā, paccayehi ca na parissamo, evarūpo daṇḍakammādīhi niggaṇhāti cepi, na pariccajitabboti dasseti <span class="bld">‘‘sacepī’’</span>tiādinā.</p>
<p class="centered">Vanapatthapariyāyasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.</p>
<p class="subhead">8. Madhupiṇḍikasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para199"></a><a name="para199_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">199</span>. <span class="bld">Jātivana</span>nti <a name="V2.0056"></a> sayaṃjātaṃ vanaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘aropima’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Paṭisallānatthāyā</span>ti ekībhāvatthāya, puthuttārammaṇato vā cittaṃ paṭinivattetvā accantasante nibbāne phalasamāpattivasena allīyāpanatthaṃ. Daṇḍo pāṇimhi assāti <span class="bld">daṇḍapāṇi</span>. Yathā so ‘‘daṇḍapāṇī’’ti vuccati, taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ayañhī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Daṇḍavittatāyā</span>ti daṇḍe soṇḍatāya. So hi daṇḍapasuto daṇḍasippe ca sukusalo tattha pākaṭo paññāto, tasmā daṇḍaṃ gahetvāva vicarati. <span class="bld">Jaṅghākilamathavinodanattha</span>nti rājasabhāya ciranisajjāya uppannajaṅghāparissamassa apanayanatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Adhiccanikkhamano</span>ti yādicchakanikkhamano, na abhiṇhanikkhamano. <span class="bld">Olubbhā</span>ti sannirumbhitvā ṭhito. Yathā so ‘‘olubbhā’’ti vutto, taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘gopālakadārako viyā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para200"></a><a name="para200_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">200</span>. Vadanti etenāti <span class="bld">vādo,</span> diṭṭhīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kiṃ vādīti, kiṃ diṭṭhiko’’</span>ti? <span class="bld">Kimakkhāyī</span>ti kimācikkhako, kīdisadhammakatho? <span class="bld">Acittīkārenā</span>ti anādarena. Tathāpucchane kāraṇaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘kasmā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Nassateta</span>nti nassatu etaṃ kulaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Atthaṃ</span> <a name="M2.0059"></a> <span class="bld">na jānātī</span>ti atthaṃ ce ekadesena jāneyya, taṃ micchā gahetvā paṭippharitvāpi tiṭṭheyya. Tassa dīgharattaṃ ahitāya dukkhāyāti tadassa atthājānanaṃ bhagavatā icchitaṃ. <span class="bld">Viggāhikakatha</span>nti viggahakathaṃ, sārambhakathanti attho. Nanu bhagavatā saddhiṃ loke puthū samaṇabrāhmaṇā nānāvādā santīti codanaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘tathāgato hī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Na vivadati</span> vivādahetukānaṃ kāmadiṭṭhijjhosānānaṃ maggeneva samugghātitattā, tadabhāvato pana <span class="bld">loko tathāgatena vivadati</span>. Dhammavādī yathābhūtavādī dhammavādīhi na vivadati tesaṃ vivaditukāmatāya eva abhāvato, adhammavādī pana tiṇāyapi namaññamāno tehi kiñci vivadati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘na, bhikkhave, dhammavādī kenaci lokasmiṃ vivadatī’’</span>ti (saṃ. ni. 3.94). Adhammavādī pana asamucchinnavivādahetukattā vivadateva. Tathā cāha <span class="bld">‘‘adhammavādīva kho, bhikkhave, vivadatī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yathā ca panā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">yathā</span>-saddo ‘‘yathā ca anuppannassa kāmacchandassa uppādo hoti, tañca <a name="V2.0057"></a> pajānātī’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 3.122) viya kāraṇatthoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yena kāraṇenā’’</span>ti. Kāraṇākāro vā idha yathā-saddena vutto, so pana atthato kāraṇamevāti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yena kāraṇenā’’</span>ti. ‘‘Idaṃ kathaṃ idaṃ kathaṃ’’ti pavattanato kathaṃkathā, vicikicchā. Sā yassa natthi, so akathaṃkathī, taṃ <span class="bld">akathaṃkathiṃ</span>. Vippaṭisārakukkuccaṃ bhagavatā anāgāmimaggeneva chinnaṃ, hatthapādakukkuccaṃ aggamaggena āveṇikadhammādhigamato. Aparāparaṃ uppajjanakabhavo <span class="bld">‘‘bhavābhavo’’</span>ti idhādhippetoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘punappunabbhave’’</span>ti. Saṃvarāsaṃvaro phalāphalaṃ viya khuddakamahanto bhavo <span class="bld">‘‘bhavābhavo’’</span>ti vuttoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘hīnapaṇīte vā bhave’’</span>ti. Bhavo vuḍḍhippatto <span class="bld">‘‘abhavo’’</span>ti vuccati yathā ‘‘asekkhā dhammā’’ti (dha. sa. 11.tikamātikā). <span class="bld">Kilesasaññā</span>ti kāmasaññādike vadati. Kilesā eva vā saññānāmena vuttā ‘‘saññā pahāya amataṃ eva pāpuṇātī’’tiādīsu viya. <span class="bld">Attano khīṇāsavabhāvaṃ dīpetī</span>ti imināva paresañca tathattāya dhammaṃ desetīti ayampi attho vibhāvitoti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Nīharitvā kīḷāpetvā</span>ti nīharitvā ceva kīḷāpetvā ca, nīharaṇavasena vā kīḷāpetvā. <span class="bld">Tivisākha</span>nti tibhaṅgabhākuṭi viya nalāṭe jātattā <span class="bld">nalāṭikaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para201"></a><a name="para201_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">201</span>. <span class="bld">Kinti</span> <a name="M2.0060"></a> <span class="bld">nu kho</span>ti kiṃ kāraṇenāti attho. <span class="bld">Anusandhiṃ gahetvā</span>ti pucchānusandhiṃ uṭṭhapetvā. <span class="bld">Yatonidāna</span>nti yaṃnidānaṃ, yaṃkāraṇāti vuttaṃ hoti. Purimapade hi vibhatti alopaṃ katvā niddeso, chaajjhattikabāhirāyatanādinidānanti ayameva attho. Saṅkhāyanti saṅkhābhāvena ñāyantīti <span class="bld">saṅkhā</span>ti āha <span class="bld">‘‘saṅkhāti koṭṭhāsā’’</span>ti. Kāmañcettha mānopi papañco, abhinandanasabhāve eva pana gaṇhanto <span class="bld">‘‘taṇhāmānadiṭṭhipapañcasampayuttā’’</span>ti āha. Tathā hi vakkhati ‘‘abhinanditabba’’ntiādi. <span class="bld">Samudācarantī</span>ti sabbaso uddhaṃ uddhaṃ pariyādāya pavattanti. Mariyādattho hi ayamākāro, tena ca yogena <span class="bld">purisa</span>nti upayogavacanaṃ yathā ‘‘tathāgataṃ, bhikkhave, arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ dve vitakkā samudācarantī’’ti (itivu. 38). Taṇhādayo ca yathāsakaṃ pavattiākāraṃ avilaṅghantiyo āsevanavasena uparūpari pavattanti. Tathā hi tā ‘‘papañcasaṅkhā’’ti vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāraṇe</span>ti pavattipaccaye. <span class="bld">Ekāyatanampi …pe… natthī</span>ti cakkhāyatanādi ekampi āyatanaṃ abhinanditabbaṃ abhivaditabbaṃ ajjhositabbañca natthi ce, nanu natthi eva, kasmā ‘‘natthi ce’’ti vuttanti? Saccaṃ natthi, appahīnābhinandanābhivadanaajjhosānānaṃ pana puthujjanānaṃ abhinanditabbādippakārāni āyatanāni hontīti tesaṃ na sakkā natthīti vattu, pahīnābhinandanādīnaṃ pana sabbathā natthīti ‘‘natthi ce’’ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ahaṃ mamanti abhinanditabba</span>nti <a name="V2.0058"></a> diṭṭhābhinandanāya ‘‘aha’’nti taṇhābhinandanāya ‘‘mama’’nti rocetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Abhivaditabba</span>nti abhinivisanasamuṭṭhāpanavasena vattabbaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ahaṃ mamanti vattabba’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Ajjhositvā</span>ti diṭṭhi taṇhā vatthuṃ anupavisitvā gāhadvayaṃ anaññasādhāraṇaṃ viya katvā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘gilitvā pariniṭṭhapetvā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Etenā</span>ti ‘‘ettha ce natthī’’tiādivacanena. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti āyatanesu. Taṇhādīnaṃ avatthubhāvadassanamukhena <span class="bld">taṇhādīnaṃyeva appavattiṃ</span> kilesaparinibbānaṃ kathitanti. Tenāha bhagavā <span class="bld">‘‘esevanto’’</span>tiādi, ayameva abhinandanādīnaṃ natthibhāvakaro maggo, tappaṭippassaddhibhūtaṃ phalaṃ, taṃnissaraṇaṃ vā nibbānaṃ rāgānusayādīnaṃ anto avasānaṃ appavattīti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ayaṃ …pe… anto’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sabbatthā</span>ti ‘‘esevanto paṭighānusayānaṃ’’tiādīsu sabbapadesu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ādiyatī</span>ti <a name="M2.0061"></a> pahāradānādivasena gayhati. <span class="bld">Matthakappattaṃ kalaha</span>nti bhaṇḍanādimatte aṭṭhatvā mukhasattīhi vitudanādivasena matthakappattaṃ kalahaṃ. Yāya karotīti sambandho. Sesapadesupi eseva nayo. Viruddhaggāhavasena <span class="bld">nānāgāhamattaṃ,</span> tathā viruddhavādavasena <span class="bld">nānāvādamattaṃ. Evaṃ pavatta</span>nti garukātabbesupi gāravaṃ akatvā ‘‘tuvaṃ tuva’’nti evaṃ pavattaṃ sārambhakathaṃ, yāya cetanāya yaṃ karoti, sā tuvaṃ tuvaṃ. <span class="bld">Nissāyā</span>ti paṭicca, nissayādipaccaye katvāti attho. Kilesānaṃ uppattinimittatā tāva āyatanānaṃ hotu tabbhāve bhāvato, nirodhanimittatā pana kathaṃ. Na hettha lokuttaradhammānaṃ saṅgaho lokiyānaṃyeva adhippetattāti codanaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘nirujjhamānāpī’’</span>tiādi. Nāmamattena nimittataṃ sandhāya vuttoti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘yatthuppannā, tattheva niruddhā hontī’’</span>ti vatvā tamatthaṃ suttantarena sādhento <span class="bld">‘‘svāyamattho’’</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">samudayasaccapañhenā</span>ti mahāsatipaṭṭhāne samudayasaccaniddesena. So hi <span class="bld">‘‘kattha uppajjamānā’’</span>tiādinā pucchāvasena pavattattā pañhoti vutto. Nanu tattha taṇhāya uppattinirodhā vuttā, na sabbakilesānanti īdisī codanā anavakāsāti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘yatheva cā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Laddhavohāre</span>ti iminā rāgādīnaṃ appavattinimittatāya antoti samaññā nibbānassāti dasseti. Eteneva abhinandanādīnaṃ abhāvoti ca idaṃ saṃvaṇṇitanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Kathaṃ pana sabbasaṅkhatavinissaṭe nibbāne akusaladhammānaṃ nirodhasambhavoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yañhi yattha natthi, taṃ tattha niruddhaṃ nāma hotī’’</span>ti. Yvāyaṃ appavattiyaṃ nirodhavohāro vutto, svāyamattho nirodhapañhena dīpetabbo. Na hi tattha uppajjitvā niruddhā vitakkavicārā paṭippassaddhāti vuttā, atha kho appavattā evāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para203"></a><a name="para203_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">203</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃsampada</span>nti <a name="V2.0059"></a> evaṃsampajjanakaṃ evaṃ passitabbaṃ idaṃ mama ajjhesanaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘īdisanti attho’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Jānaṃ jānātī</span>ti (a. ni. ṭī. 3.10.113-116) sabbaññutaññāṇena jānitabbaṃ sabbaṃ jānāti. Ukkaṭṭhaniddesena hi avisesaggahaṇena ca ‘‘jāna’’nti iminā niravasesaṃ ñeyyajātaṃ pariggaṇhātīti tabbisayāya jānanakiriyāya sabbaññutaññāṇameva <a name="M2.0062"></a> karaṇaṃ bhavituṃ yuttaṃ. Atha vā pakaraṇavasena ‘‘bhagavā’’ti saddantarasannidhānena cāyamattho vibhāvetabbo. <span class="bld">Passitabbameva passatī</span>ti dibbacakkhu-paññācakkhu-dhammacakkhu-buddhacakkhu-samantacakkhu-saṅkhātehi ñāṇacakkhūhi passitabbaṃ passati eva. Atha vā <span class="bld">jānaṃ jānātī</span>ti yathā aññe savipallāsā kāmarūpapariññāvādino jānantāpi vipallāsavasena jānanti, na evaṃ bhagavā. Bhagavā pana pahīnavipallāsattā jānanto jānāti eva, diṭṭhidassanassa ca abhāvā passanto passatiyevāti attho. <span class="bld">Dassanapariṇāyakaṭṭhenā</span>ti yathā cakkhu sattānaṃ dassanatthaṃ pariṇeti, evaṃ lokassa yāthāvadassanasādhanato dassanakiccapariṇāyakaṭṭhena <span class="bld">cakkhubhūto,</span> paññācakkhumayattā vā sayambhuñāṇena paññācakkhuṃ bhūto pattoti vā <span class="bld">cakkhubhūto. Ñāṇabhūto</span>ti etassa ca evameva attho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Dhammā vā</span> bodhipakkhiyā tehi uppannattā lokassa ca taduppādanato, anaññasādhāraṇaṃ vā dhammaṃ pattoti <span class="bld">dhammabhūto. Brahmā</span> vuccati maggo tena uppannattā lokassa ca taduppādanattā, tañca sayambhuñāṇena pattoti <span class="bld">brahmabhūto</span>. Catusaccadhammaṃ vadatīti <span class="bld">vattā</span>. Ciraṃ saccapaṭivedhaṃ pavattento vadatīti <span class="bld">pavattā. Atthaṃ nīharitvā</span>ti dukkhādiatthaṃ tatthāpi pīḷanādiatthaṃ uddharitvā. Paramatthaṃ vā nibbānaṃ pāpayitā, amatasacchikiriyaṃ sattesu uppādento amataṃ dadātīti <span class="bld">amatassa dātā.</span> Bodhipakkhiyadhammānaṃ tadāyattabhāvato <span class="bld">dhammassāmī</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para204"></a><a name="para204_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">204</span>. So vā uddeso attanopi hotīti thero <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ kho no’’</span>ti āha. Sabbalokasādhāraṇā hi buddhānaṃ desanāti. Idāni yehi dvārārammaṇehi purisaṃ papañcasaññāsaṅkhā samudācaranti, tāni tāva dassento papañcasaññāsaṅkhā dassetuṃ yena saḷāyatanavibhaṅgena niddeso kato, tassa atthaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘cakkhuñcā’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">nissayabhāvenā</span>ti nissayapaccayabhāvena. Nissayapaccayo ca pasādacakkhuyeva hoti, na cuddasasambhāraṃ, catucattālīsasambhāraṃ vā sasambhāracakkhunti āha <span class="bld">‘‘cakkhupasādañca paṭiccā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ārammaṇabhāvenā</span>ti ārammaṇapaccayabhāvena. Ārammaṇapaccayo ca catusamuṭṭhānikarūpesu yaṃ kiñci hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘catusamuṭṭhānikarūpe ca paṭiccā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha cakkhu ekampi viññāṇassa paccayo hoti, rūpāyatanaṃ pana anekameva saṃhatanti <a name="M2.0063"></a> imassa <a name="V2.0060"></a> visesassa dassanatthaṃ nissayabhāvena <span class="bld">‘‘cakkhupasādañca ārammaṇabhāvena catusamuṭṭhānikarūpe cā’’</span>ti vacanabhedo kato. Kiṃ pana kāraṇaṃ cakkhu ekampi viññāṇassa paccayo hoti, rūpaṃ pana anekamevāti? Paccayabhāvavisesato. Cakkhu hi cakkhuviññāṇassa nissayapurejātaindriyavippayuttapaccayehi paccayo hontaṃ atthibhāveneva hoti tasmiṃ sati tassa bhāvato, asati abhāvato, yato taṃ atthiavigatapaccayehissa paccayo hotīti vuccati, tannissitatā cassa na ekadesena allīyanavasena icchitabbā arūpabhāvato. Atha kho garurājādīsu sissarājapurisādīnaṃ viya tappaṭibaddhavuttitāya, itare pana paccayā tena tena visesena veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sacāyaṃ paccayabhāvo na ekasmiṃ na sambhavatīti ekampi cakkhu cakkhuviññāṇassa paccayo hotīti dassetuṃ pāḷiyaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘cakkhuñcāvuso, paṭiccā’’</span>ti ekavacanavasena vuttaṃ. Rūpaṃ pana yadipi cakkhu viya purejātaatthi-avigatapaccayehi paccayo hoti puretaraṃ uppannaṃ hutvā vijjamānakkhaṇe eva upakārakattā tathāpi anekameva saṃhataṃ hutvā paccayo hoti ārammaṇabhāvato. Yañhi paccayadhammaṃ sabhāvabhūtaṃ, parikappitākāramattaṃ vā viññāṇaṃ vibhāventaṃ pavattati, tadaññesañca satipi paccayabhāve so tassa sārammaṇasabhāvatāya yaṃ kiñci anālambhitvā pavattituṃ asamatthassa olubbhapavattikāraṇabhāvena ālambanīyato ārammaṇaṃ nāma, tassa yasmā yathā tathā sabhāvūpaladdhi viññāṇassa ārammaṇapaccayalābho, tasmā cakkhuviññāṇaṃ rūpaṃ ārabbha pavattamānaṃ tassa sabhāvaṃ vibhāventameva pavattati. Sā cassa indriyādhīnavuttikassa ārammaṇasabhāvūpaladdhi na ekadvikalāpagatavaṇṇavasena hoti, nāpi katipayakalāpagatavaṇṇavasena, atha kho ābhogānurūpaṃ āpāthagatavaṇṇavasenāti anekameva rūpaṃ saṃhaccakāritāya viññāṇassa paccayo hotīti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘rūpe ca uppajjati cakkhuviññāṇa’’</span>nti bahuvacanavasenāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yaṃ pana <span class="bld">paṭṭhāne</span> (paṭṭhā. 1.1.2 paccayaniddesa) ‘‘rūpāyatanaṃ cakkhuviññāṇadhātuyā taṃsampayuttakānañca dhammānaṃ ārammaṇapaccayena paccayo’’ti vuttaṃ, taṃ yādisaṃ rūpāyatanaṃ cakkhuviññāṇassa ārammaṇapaccayo, tādisaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Kīdisaṃ pana tanti<a name="M2.0064"></a>? Samuditanti pākaṭoyamattho. Evañca katvā yadeke vadanti ‘‘āyatanasallakkhaṇavasena cakkhuviññāṇādayo sallakkhaṇavisayā, na drabyasallakkhaṇavasenā’’ti, tampi suvuttameva hoti. Na cettha samudāyārammaṇatā āsaṅkitabbā samudāyābhogasseva abhāvato, samuditā pana vaṇṇadhammā ārammaṇapaccayā honti. Kathaṃ pana paccekaṃ asamatthā samuditā ārammaṇapaccayā honti. Na hi <a name="V2.0061"></a> paccekaṃ daṭṭhuṃ asakkontā andhā samuditā passantīti? Nayidamekantikaṃ visuṃ visuṃ asamatthānampi sivikāvahanādīsu samatthatāya dassanato. Kesādīnañca yasmiṃ ṭhāne ṭhitānaṃ paccekaṃ vaṇṇaṃ gahetuṃ na sakkā, tasmiṃyeva ṭhāne samuditānaṃ taṃ gahetuṃ sakkāti bhiyyopi tesaṃ saṃhaccakāritā paribyattā. Etena kiṃ cakkhuviññāṇassa paramāṇurūpaṃ ārammaṇaṃ, udāhu taṃsamudāyotiādikā codanā paṭikkhittāti veditabbā. <span class="bld">‘‘Sotañca, āvuso, paṭiccā’’</span>tiādīsupi iminā nayena attho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Cakkhuviññāṇaṃ nāmā</span>ti cakkhunissitarūpavijānanalakkhaṇaṃ cakkhuviññāṇaṃ nāma uppajjati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tiṇṇaṃ saṅgatiyā</span>ti cakkhu, rūpaṃ, cakkhuviññāṇanti imesaṃ tiṇṇaṃ saṅgatiyā samodhānena. <span class="bld">Phasso nāmā</span>ti arūpadhammopi samāno ārammaṇe phusanākāreneva pavattanato phusanalakkhaṇo phasso nāma dhammo uppajjati. <span class="bld">Sahajātādivasenā</span>ti cakkhuviññāṇasampayuttāya sahajātaaññamaññādivasena, anantarāya anantarādivasena, itarāya upanissayavasena paccayabhāvato <span class="bld">phassapaccayā</span> phassakāraṇā <span class="bld">vedanā uppajjati</span>. Anubhavanasamakālameva ārammaṇassa sañjānanaṃ hotīti <span class="bld">‘‘tāya vedanāya yaṃ ārammaṇaṃ vedeti, tadeva saññā sañjānātī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Cakkhudvārikā dhammā idhādhippetāti tadanusārena pana aparāparuppannānaṃ vedanādīnaṃ gahaṇe sati, yanti vā kāraṇavacanaṃ, yasmā ārammaṇaṃ vedeti, tasmā taṃ sañjānātīti attho. Na hi asati vedayite kadāci saññuppatti atthi. Sesapadesupi eseva nayo. Saññāya hi yathāsaññātaṃ vijjamānaṃ, avijjamānaṃ vā ārammaṇaṃ vitakkavasena parikappeti, yathāparikappitañca taṃ diṭṭhitaṇhāmānamaññanāhi maññamāno papañcetīti vutto. Tenevāha ‘‘pathaviṃ pathavito sañjānā’’ti, ‘‘pathaviṃ pathavito <a name="M2.0065"></a> saññatvā pathaviṃ maññatī’’tiādi (ma. ni. 1.2), ‘‘takkañca diṭṭhīsu pakappayitvā, saccaṃ musāti dvayadhammamāhū’’ti (su. ni. 892; mahāni. 121) ca. Balappattapapañcavasenevāyamatthavaṇṇanā katā, <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> pana paridubbalavasena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cakkhurūpādīhi kāraṇehī</span>ti cakkhuviññāṇaphassavedanāsaññāvitakkehi kāraṇabhūtehi. Akāraṇabhūtānampi tesaṃ atthitāya kāraṇaggahaṇaṃ. Pariññātā hi te akāraṇaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘apariññātakāraṇa’’</span>nti. Tīhipi pariññāhi apariññātavatthukaṃ. <span class="bld">Abhibhavantī</span>ti ajjhottharanti. <span class="bld">Sahajātā hontī</span>ti ettha ‘‘cakkhusamphassapaccayā vedanākkhandho atthi kusalo’tiādivacanato vedanāsaññā asahajātāpi gahetabbā. <span class="bld">Yadi eva</span>nti ‘‘papañcetī’’ti ettha yadi pañcadvārajavanasahajātā papañcasaṅkhā adhippetā tāsaṃ paccuppannavisayattā, <span class="bld">kasmā atītānāgataggahaṇaṃ</span> <a name="V2.0062"></a> <span class="bld">kata</span>nti codeti. Itaro <span class="bld">‘‘tathā uppajjanato’’</span>tiādinā pariharati. Tattha <span class="bld">tathā uppajjanato</span>ti yathā vattamānakāle, evaṃ atītakāle anāgatakāle ca cakkhudvāre papañcasaṅkhānaṃ uppajjanato atītānāgataggahaṇaṃ kataṃ, na atītesu, anāgatesu vā cakkhurūpesu cakkhudvārikānaṃ tāsaṃ uppajjanato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Manañjāvuso, paṭiccā</span>ti ettha duvidhaṃ manaṃ kevalaṃ bhavaṅgaṃ, sāvajjanaṃ vā. Duvidhā hi kathā. Uppattidvārakathāyaṃ dvikkhattuṃ calitaṃ bhavaṅgaṃ manodvāraṃ nāma, cakkhādi viya rūpādinā yena taṃ ghaṭṭitaṃ tattha upari viññāṇuppattiyā dvārabhāvato. Paccayakathāyaṃ sāvajjanabhavaṅgaṃ, ‘‘manosamphassapaccayā atthi kusalo’’tiādīsu hi sāvajjanamanosamphasso icchito, na bhavaṅgamanosamphasso asambhavato. Tattha paṭhamanayaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘mananti bhavaṅgacitta’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Dhammeti tebhūmakadhammārammaṇa</span>nti iminā sabhāvadhammesu eva kilesuppattīti keci, tadayuttaṃ tadupādānāyapi paññattiyā dhammārammaṇatāya vuttattā. Idha pana tebhūmakāpi dhammā labbhantīti dassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tebhūmakadhammārammaṇa’’</span>nti vuttaṃ, na paññattiyā anārammaṇattā. Evañcetaṃ sampaṭicchitabbaṃ, aññathā akusalacittuppādā anārammaṇā nāma siyuṃ. Uppattidvārakathāyaṃ cakkhuviññāṇādi viya āvajjanampi dvārapakkhikamevāti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘manoviññāṇanti āvajjanaṃ vā’’</span>ti. Paccayakathāyaṃ pana āvajjanaṃ gahitanti <span class="bld">‘‘javanaṃ vā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Nayadvaye dhammānaṃ sahajātavibhāgaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘āvajjane</span> <a name="M2.0066"></a> <span class="bld">gahite’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Yuttamevā</span>ti nippariyāyato yuttameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">So yāva na paccayapaṭivedho sambhavati, tāva paññattimukheneva sabhāvadhammā paññāyanti paccekaṃ apaññāpaneti āha <span class="bld">‘‘phasso nāma eko dhammo uppajjatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Evaṃ phassapaññattiṃ paññapessatī</span>ti paññapetvā tabbisayadassanaṃ ñāṇaṃ uppādessati. <span class="bld">Imasmiṃ sati idaṃ hotī</span>ti imasmiṃ cakkhuādike paccaye sati idaṃ phassādikaṃ paccayuppannaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Dvādasāyatanavasenā</span>ti dvādasannaṃ āyatanānaṃ vasena āgatena paṭiccasamuppādanayavasena. <span class="bld">Dvādasāyatanapaṭikkhepavasenā</span>ti ‘‘imasmiṃ asati idaṃ na hotī’’ti paccayābhāvapaccayuppannābhāvadassanakkame dvādasannaṃ āyatanānaṃ paṭikkhepavasena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sāvakena pañho kathito</span>ti ayaṃ pañho sāvakena kathito, iti iminā kāraṇena mā nikkaṅkhā ahuvattha. Atha vā saṃkhittena vuttamatthaṃ vitthārena vibhajantena etadagge ṭhapitena mahāsāvakena pañho kathitoti iminā kāraṇena etasmiṃ pañhe mā nikkaṅkhā ahuvattha, heraññike <a name="V2.0063"></a> sati kahāpaṇaṃ sayaṃ nicchinantā viya ahutvā bhagavato eva santike nikkaṅkhā hotha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para205"></a><a name="para205_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">205</span>. Ākaronti phalaṃ tāya tāya mariyādāya nibbattentīti <span class="bld">ākārā,</span> kāraṇāni. <span class="bld">Pāṭiyekkakāraṇehī</span>ti channaṃ dvārānaṃ vasena visuṃ visuṃ papañcakāraṇassa niddiṭṭhattā vuttaṃ. Atha vā yadipi yattakehi dhammehi yaṃ phalaṃ nibbattati, tesaṃ samuditānaṃyeva kāraṇabhāvo sāmaggiyāva phaluppattito, tathāpi paccekaṃ tassa kāraṇamevāti katvā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pāṭiyekkakāraṇehī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Padehī</span>ti nāmādipadehi ceva taṃsamudāyabhūtehi vākyehi ca. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘akkharasampiṇḍanehī’’</span>ti. Akkharāniyeva hi atthesu yathāvaccaṃ padavākyabhāvena paricchijjanti. <span class="bld">Byañjanehī</span>ti atthassa abhibyañjanato byañjanasaññitehi vaṇṇehi. Tāni pana yasmā pariyāyassa akkharaṇato ‘‘akkharānī’’ti vuccanti, tasmā āha <span class="bld">‘‘akkharehī’’</span>ti. Ettha ca imehi ākārehi imehi padabyañjanehi papañcasamudācārassa vaṭṭassa ca vivaṭṭassa ca dassanaattho vibhattoti yojanā. <span class="bld">Paṇḍiccenā</span>ti paññāya. ‘‘Kittāvatā nu kho, bhante, paṇḍito hoti<a name="M2.0067"></a>? Yato kho bhikkhu dhātukusalo ca hotī’’ti (ma. ni. 3.124) ādisuttapadavasena paṇḍitalakkhaṇaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘catūhi vā kāraṇehī’’</span>tiādimāha. Saccapaṭivedhavasena paṇḍiccaṃ dassitanti paṭisambhidāvasena mahāpaññataṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘mahante atthe’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Guḷapūva</span>nti guḷe missitvā katapūvaṃ. <span class="bld">Baddhasattuguḷaka</span>nti madhusakkharāhi piṇḍīkataṃ sattupiṇḍaṃ. <span class="bld">Asecitabbakaṃ</span> madhuādinā pageva tehi samayojitabbattā. <span class="bld">Cintakajātiko</span>ti dhammacintāya cintakasabhāvo. <span class="bld">Sabbaññutaññāṇenevassā</span>ti sabbaññutaññāṇeneva assa suttassa guṇaṃ paricchindāpetvā nāmaṃ gaṇhāpessāmi.</p>
<p class="centered">Madhupiṇḍikasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.</p>
<p class="subhead">9. Dvedhāvitakkasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para206"></a><a name="para206_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">206</span>. <span class="bld">Dve</span> <a name="V2.0064"></a> <span class="bld">dve bhāge</span>ti dve dve koṭṭhāse katvā. Kāmañcettha ‘‘imaṃ ekaṃ bhāgamakāsiṃ, imaṃ dutiyabhāgamakāsi’’nti vacanato sabbepi vitakkā saṃkilesavodānavibhāgena dveva bhāgā katā, aparāparuppattiyā panetesaṃ abhiṇhācāraṃ upādāya pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘dvidhā katvā’’ti āmeḍitavacananti <span class="bld">‘‘dve dve bhāge katvā’’</span>ti āmeḍitavacanavaseneva vutto. Atha vā bhāgadvayassa sappaṭibhāgatāya tattha yaṃ yaṃ dvayampi kho ujuvipaccanīkaṃ, taṃ taṃ visuṃ visuṃ gahetukāmo bhagavā āha ‘‘dvidhā katvā vitakke vihareyya’’nti. Evaṃ pana cintetvā tattha micchāvitakkānaṃ sammāvitakkānañca anavasesaṃ asaṅkarato ca gahitabhāvaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘imaṃ ekaṃ bhāgamakāsiṃ, imaṃ dutiyabhāgamakāsi’’</span>nti avoca. <span class="bld">Kāmapaṭisaṃyutto</span>ti kāmarāgasaṅkhātena kāmena sampayutto, kāmena paṭibaddho vā. Sesesupi eseva nayo. Ayaṃ pana viseso – byāpajjati cittaṃ etenāti <span class="bld">byāpādo,</span> doso. Vihiṃsati etāya satte, vihiṃsanaṃ vā tesaṃ etanti <span class="bld">vihiṃsā,</span> paresaṃ viheṭhanākārena pavattassa karuṇāpaṭipakkhassa pāpadhammassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ajjhatta</span>nti ajjhattadhammārammaṇamāha. <span class="bld">Bahiddhā</span>ti bāhiradhammārammaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Oḷāriko</span>ti bahalakāmarāgādipaṭisaṃyutto. Tabbipariyāyena <span class="bld">sukhumo. Vitakko</span> <span class="bld">akusalapakkhikoyevā</span>ti <a name="M2.0068"></a> iminā vitakkabhāvasāmaññena tatthāpi akusalabhāvasāmaññena ekabhāgakaraṇaṃ, na ekacittuppādapariyāpannatādivasenāti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nekkhammaṃ vuccati lobhātikkantattā paṭhamajjhānaṃ, sabbākusalehi nikkhantattā sabbaṃ kusalaṃ. Idha pana kāmavitakkapaṭipakkhassa adhippetattā āha <span class="bld">‘‘kāmehi nissaṭo nekkhammapaṭisaṃyutto vitakko’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">So</span>ti nekkhammavitakko. <span class="bld">Yāva paṭhamajjhānā</span>ti paṭhamasamannāhārato paṭṭhāya yāva paṭhamajjhānaṃ etthuppanno vitakko nekkhammavitakkoyeva. <span class="bld">Paṭhamajjhāna</span>nti ca idaṃ tato paraṃ vitakkābhāvato vuttaṃ. Na byāpajjati cittaṃ etena, byāpādassa vā paṭipakkhoti <span class="bld">abyāpādo,</span> mettāpubbabhāgo mettābhāvanārambho. Na vihiṃsanti etāya, vihiṃsāya vā paṭipakkhoti <span class="bld">avihiṃsā,</span> karuṇāpubbabhāgo karuṇābhāvanārambho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Mahābodhisattānaṃ mahābhinikkhamanaṃ nikkhantakālato paṭṭhāya laddhāvasarā sammāsaṅkappā uparūpari savisesaṃ pavattantīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘chabbassāni…pe… pavattiṃsū’’</span>ti. Ñāṇassa aparipakkattā <a name="V2.0065"></a> pubbavāsanāvasena satisammosato kadāci micchāvitakkalesopi hotiyevāti taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘satisammosena…pe… tiṭṭhantī’’</span>ti āha. Yathā niccapihitepi gehe kadāci vātapāne vivaṭamatte laddhāvasaro vāto anto paviseyya, evaṃ guttindriyepi bodhisattasantāne satisammosavasena laddhāvasaro akusalavitakko uppajji, uppanno ca kusalavāraṃ pacchinditvā aṭṭhāsi, atha mahāsatto taṃmuhuttuppannameva paṭivinodetvā tesaṃ āyatiṃ anuppādāya ‘‘ime micchāvitakkā, ime sammāvitakkā’’ti yāthāvato te paricchinditvā micchāvitakkānaṃ avasaraṃ adento sammāvitakke parivaḍḍhesi. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘mayhaṃ ime’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para207"></a><a name="para207_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">207</span>. Pamādo nāma sativippavāsoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘appamattassāti satiyā avippavāse ṭhitassā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ātāpavīriyavantassā</span>ti kilesānaṃ niggaṇhanavīriyavato. <span class="bld">Pesitacittassā</span>ti bhavavimokkhāya vissaṭṭhacittassa kāye ca jīvite ca nirapekkhassa. <span class="bld">‘‘Evaṃ paṭipākatiko jāto’’</span>ti attano attabhāvaṃ nissāya pavattaṃ somanassākāraṃ gehassitasomanassapakkhikaṃ akāsi, paññāmahantatāya sukhumadassitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Apariññāyaṃ</span> <a name="M2.0069"></a> <span class="bld">ṭhitassā</span>ti na pariññāyaṃ ṭhitassa, apariggahitapariññassāti attho. <span class="bld">Vitakko…pe… etāni tīṇi nāmāni labhatī</span>ti tādisassa uppanno micchāvitakko yathārahaṃ attabyābādhako ubhayabyābādhako ca na hotīti na vattabbo taṃ sabhāvānativattanatoti adhippāyo. Anuppannānuppādauppannaparihāninimittatāya paññaṃ nirodhetīti <span class="bld">paññānirodhiko</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘anuppannāyā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Natthibhāvaṃ gacchatī</span>ti paṭisaṅkhānabalena vikkhambhanappahānamāha. <span class="bld">Nirujjhatī</span>tiādīhipi tadeva vadati. <span class="bld">Vigatanta</span>ntiādīhi pana samūlaṃ uddhaṭaṃ viya tadā appavattanakaṃ akāsinti vadati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para208"></a><a name="para208_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">208</span>. <span class="bld">Cittavipariṇāmabhāvo</span> cittassa aññathattaṃ pakaticittavigamo. <span class="bld">Anekaggatākāro</span> vikkhepo. Tattha vitakkena cittaṃ vihaññamānaṃ viya hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘taṃ gahetvā vihiṃsāvitakkaṃ akāsī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Kāruñña</span>nti paradukkhanimittaṃ cittakhedaṃ vadati. Tenevāha – ‘‘paradukkhe sati sādhūnaṃ manaṃ kampetīti karuṇā’’ti (ma. ni. ṭī. 1.1; saṃ. ni. ṭī. 1.1.1). Nti karuṇāyanavasena pavattacittapakampanaṃ sandhāya <span class="bld">‘‘uppajjati vihiṃsāvitakko’’ti āha,</span> na sattesu vihiṃsā pavattatīti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tena tena cassākārenā</span>ti yena yena ākārena bhikkhunā anuvitakkitaṃ anuvicāritaṃ, tena <a name="V2.0066"></a> tena ākārenassa <span class="bld">cetaso nati hoti</span>. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘kāmavitakkādīsū’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Pahāsī</span>ti kālavipallāsena vuttanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pajahatī’’</span>ti. Pahānaṃ panassa siddhameva paṭipakkhassa siddhattāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pahāsī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ yathā ‘‘asāmibhoge gāmikāādīyiṃsū’’ti. <span class="bld">Bahulamakāsī</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Evamevaṃ namatī</span>ti kāmavitakkasampayogākārameva hoti, kāmavitakkasampayuttākārena vā pariṇamati. Kasanaṃ <span class="bld">kiṭṭhaṃ,</span> kasīti attho, tannibbattattā pana kāraṇūpacārena sassaṃ ‘‘kiṭṭha’’nti vuttanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sassasambādhe’’</span>ti.<span class="bld"> Cattāri bhayānī</span>ti vadhabandhajānigarahāni. <span class="bld">Upaddava</span>nti anatthuppādabhāvaṃ. <span class="bld">Lāmaka</span>nti nihīnabhāvaṃ. <span class="bld">Dhandhesū</span>ti attano khandhesu. <span class="bld">Otāra</span>nti anuppavesaṃ kilesānaṃ. Saṃkilesato visujjhanaṃ <span class="bld">visuddhi,</span> sā eva <span class="bld">vodāna</span>nti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vodānapakkhanti idaṃ tasseva vevacana’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para209"></a><a name="para209_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">209</span>. <span class="bld">Sabbakusalaṃ</span> <a name="M2.0070"></a> <span class="bld">nekkhammaṃ</span> sabbākusalapaṭipakkhatāya tato nissaṭattā. <span class="bld">Nibbānameva nekkhammaṃ</span> sabbakilesato sabbasaṅkhatato ca nissaṭattā. <span class="bld">Kiṭṭhasambādhaṃ viya rūpādiārammaṇaṃ</span> pamāde sati anatthuppattiṭṭhānabhāvato. <span class="bld">Kūṭagāvo viya kūṭacittaṃ</span> duddamabhāvato. <span class="bld">Paṇḍitagopālako viya bodhisatto</span> upāyakosallayogato. <span class="bld">Catubbidhabhayaṃ viya micchāvitakkā</span> sappaṭibhayabhāvato. Paññāya vuddhi etassa atthīti <span class="bld">paññāvuddhiko</span>. Vihaññati cittaṃ etenāti vighāto, cetodukkhaṃ, tappakkhiko vighātapakkhiko, na vighātapakkhikoti <span class="bld">avighātapakkhiko. Nibbānasaṃvattaniko</span> nibbānavaho. <span class="bld">Ugghātīyeyyā</span>ti uddhataṃ siyā vikkhittañca bhaveyyāti attho. <span class="bld">Saṇṭhapemī</span>ti sammadeva paṭṭhapemi. Yathā pana ṭhapitaṃ saṇṭhapitaṃ nāma hoti, taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sannisīdāpemī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sannisīdāpemī</span>ti samādhipaṭipakkhe kilese sannisīdāpento cittaṃ gocarajjhatte sannisīdāpemi. Abyaggabhāvāpādakena <span class="bld">ekaggaṃ karomi,</span> yathā ārammaṇe suṭṭhu appitaṃ hoti, <span class="bld">evaṃ sammā</span> sammadeva <span class="bld">ādahāmi</span> samāhitaṃ karomi, yasmā tathāsamāhitaṃ cittaṃ suṭṭhu ārammaṇe āropitaṃ nāma hoti, na tato paripatati, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘suṭṭhu āropemīti attho’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Mā ugghātīyittā</span>ti mā haññittha, mā ūhataṃ atthāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para210"></a><a name="para210_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">210</span>. <span class="bld">Soyeva…pe… vutto</span>ti iminā kiñcāpi ekaṃyeva kusalavitakkaṃ maggakkhaṇe viya tividhattasambhavato tividhanāmikaṃ katvā dassitaṃ viya hoti, na kho panetaṃ evaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Pabandhapavattañhi upādāya ekattanayena <span class="bld">‘‘soyeva byāpādapaccanīkaṭṭhenā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Ekajātiyesu hi kusalacittesu uppanno vitakko samānākāratāya so evāti vattabbataṃ labhati yathā ‘‘sā eva tittirī, tāni eva osadhānī’’ti (saṃ. ni. ṭī. 2.2.19). Na hi tadā mahāpurisassa asubhamettākaruṇāsannissayā te vitakkā evaṃ vuttāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samāpattiṃ</span> <a name="V2.0067"></a> <span class="bld">nissāyā</span>ti samāpattiṃ samāpajjitvā, tato vuṭṭhahitvāti attho. Vipassanāpi taruṇāti yojanā. <span class="bld">Kāyo kilamati</span> samathavipassanānaṃ taruṇatāya bhāvanāya pubbenāparaṃ visesassa alabbhamānattā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘cittaṃ haññati vihaññatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Vipassanāya</span> <span class="bld">bahūpakārā</span> <a name="M2.0071"></a> <span class="bld">samāpatti,</span> tathā hi vuttaṃ – ‘‘samādhiṃ, bhikkhave, bhāvetha, samāhito yathābhūtaṃ jānāti passatī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 3.5; 4.99; 5.1071).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā vissamaṭṭhānaṃ yodhānaṃ parissamaṃ vinodeti, tathā parissamavinodanatthaṃ phalakehi kātabbaṃ vissamaṭṭhānaṃ phalakakoṭṭhako, samāpattiyā pana vipassanā bahukāratarā samādhiparipanthakānaṃ, sabbesampi vā kilesānaṃ vimathanena dubbalabhāvāpajjanato. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vipassanā thāmajātā samāpattimpi rakkhati,</span> <span class="bld">thāmajātaṃ karotī’’</span>ti. Nanu cevaṃ itarītarasannissayadoso āpajjatīti? Nayidamekantikaṃ, itarītarasannissayāpi kiccasiddhi loke labbhatīti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yathā hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gāmantaṃ āhaṭesū</span>ti gāmasamīpaṃ upanītesu. <span class="bld">Etāgāvoti sati uppādanamattameva kātabbaṃ</span> yathā gāvo rakkhitabbā, tadabhāvato. <span class="bld">Tadā</span>ti samathavipassanānaṃ thāmajātakāle. Anupassanānaṃ lahuṃ lahuṃ uppattiṃ sandhāya <span class="bld">‘‘ekappahāreneva āruḷhova hotī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ, kameneva pana anupassanāpaṭipāṭiṃ ārohati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para215"></a><a name="para215_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">215</span>. Evaṃ bhagavā attano appamādapaṭipadaṃ, tāya ca laddhaṃ anaññasādhāraṇaṃ visesaṃ dassento hetusampattiyā saddhiṃ phalasampattiṃ dassetvā idāni sattūpakārasampattiṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘seyyathāpī’’</span>tiādimāhāti evaṃ ettha anusandhi veditabbā. Araññalakkhaṇayoggamattena <span class="bld">araññaṃ</span>. Mahāvanatāya <span class="bld">pavanaṃ</span>. Pavaddhañhi vanaṃ pavanaṃ. <span class="bld">Catūhi yogehī</span>ti jighacchāpipāsābhayapaṭipattisaṅkhātayogehi. <span class="bld">Khemaṃ</span> anupaddavataṃ. Suvatthiṃ anupaddavaṃ āvahatīti <span class="bld">sovatthiko</span>. Pītiṃ kuṭṭhiṃ gameti upanetīti <span class="bld">pītigamanīyo</span>. Pītaṃ pānatitthaṃ gacchatīti <span class="bld">pītagamanīyo. Sākhādīhī</span>ti kaṇṭakasākhākaṇṭakalatāvanehi. Anāsayagāmitāya udakasanniruddhopi <span class="bld">amaggo</span> vutto, itarāni apītigamanīyatāyapi. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena gahanaṃ pariggaṇhāti. Okemigaluddakassa gocare caratīti <span class="bld">okacaro,</span> dīpakamigo. Araññe mige disvā tehi saddhiṃ palāyeyyāti <span class="bld">dīgharajjubandhanaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Idha vasantī</span>ti migānaṃ āsayaṃ vadati, tato āsayato <span class="bld">iminā maggena nikkhamanti. Ettha</span> <a name="V2.0068"></a> <span class="bld">carantī</span>ti etasmiṃ ṭhāne gocaraṃ gaṇhanti. <span class="bld">Ettha</span> <span class="bld">pivantī</span>ti <a name="M2.0072"></a> etasmiṃ nipānatitthe udakaṃ pivanti. <span class="bld">Iminā maggena pavisantī</span>ti iminā maggena nipānatitthaṃ pavisanti. <span class="bld">Maggaṃ pidhāyā</span>ti pakatimaggaṃ pidahitvā. <span class="bld">Na tāva kiñci karoti</span> anavasese vanamige ghātetukāmo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Avijjāya aññāṇā hutvā</span>ti avijjāya nivutattā ñāṇarahitā hutvā, nandīrāgena upanītā rūpārammaṇādīni ābandhitvā. Palobhanato <span class="bld">okacaraṃ nandīrāgo</span>ti. Byāmohanato <span class="bld">okacārikaṃ avijjāti katvā dasseti. Tesa</span>nti okacarokacārikānaṃ. <span class="bld">Sākhābhaṅgenā</span>ti tādisena lūkhataragandhena sākhābhaṅgena. <span class="bld">Manussagandhaṃ apanetvā</span> tassa sākhābhaṅgassa gandhena. <span class="bld">Sammatto</span>ti sammajjito byāmuñcho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Buddhānaṃ khemamaggavicaraṇaṃ kummaggapidhānañca <span class="bld">sabbalokasādhāraṇampi</span> atthato veneyyapuggalāpekkhamevāti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘aññātakoṇḍaññādīnaṃ bhabbapuggalāna’’</span>nti āha. <span class="bld">Ūhato</span>ti samūhato nīhatoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘dvedhā chetvā pātito’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Nāsitā</span>ti adassanaṃ gamitāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbena sabbaṃ samugghāṭitā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Hitūpacāra</span>nti sattānaṃ hitacariyaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Dvedhāvitakkasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.</p>
<p class="subhead">10. Vitakkasaṇṭhānasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para216"></a><a name="para216_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">216</span>. <span class="bld">Dasakusalakammapathavasenā</span>ti <a name="V2.0069"></a> idaṃ nidassanamattaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ vaṭṭapādakasamāpatticittassapi idha adhicittabhāvena anicchitattā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vipassanāpādakaaṭṭhasamāpatticitta’’</span>nti. Atha vā anuttarimanussadhammasaṅgahitameva kevalaṃ ‘‘pakaticitta’’nti vattabbanti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘dasakusalakammapathavasena uppannaṃ cittaṃ cittamevā’’</span>ti vatvā yadettha adhicittanti adhippetaṃ, taṃ tadeva dassento <span class="bld">‘‘vipassanāpādakaaṭṭhasamāpatticitta’’</span>nti āha. Itarassa panettha vidhi na paṭisedhetīti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Vipassanāya sampayuttaṃ adhicittanti keci. <span class="bld">Anuyuttenā</span>ti anuppannassa uppādanavasena, uppannassa paribrūhanavasena anu anu yuttena. <span class="bld">Mūlakammaṭṭhāna</span>nti pārihāriyakammaṭṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Gahetvā viharanto</span>ti bhāvanaṃ anuyuñjanto. Bhāvanāya appanaṃ appattopi adhicittamanuyuttoyeva tadatthepi taṃsaddavohārato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yehi <a name="M2.0073"></a> phalaṃ nāma yathā uppajjanaṭṭhāne pakappiyamānaṃ viya hoti, <span class="bld">tāni nimittāni</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kāraṇānī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Kālena kāla</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">kālenā</span>ti bhummatthe karaṇavacananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘samaye samaye’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Nanu ca…pe… nirantaraṃ manasi kātabba</span>nti kasmā vuttaṃ, nanu ca bhāvanāya vīthipaṭipannattā abbudanīharaṇavidhiṃ dassentena bhagavatā <span class="bld">‘‘pañca nimittāni kālena kālaṃ manasi kātabbānī’’</span>ti ayaṃ desanā āraddhāti? ‘‘Adhicittamanuyuttenā’’ti vuttattā avicchedavasena bhāvanāya yuttappayutto adhicittamanuyutto nāmāti codakassa adhippāyo. Itaro bhāvanaṃ anuyuñjantassaādikammikassa kadāci bhāvanupakkilesā uppajjeyyuṃ, tato cittassa visodhanatthāya yathākālaṃ imāni nimittāni manasi kātabbānīti ‘‘kālena kāla’’nti satthā avocāti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘pāḷiyañhī’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">imānī</span>ti imāni pāḷiyaṃ āgatāni pañca nimittāni. <span class="bld">Abbuda</span>nti upaddavaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Chandasahagatā rāgasampayuttā</span>ti taṇhāchandasahagatā kāmarāgasampayuttā. <span class="bld">Iṭṭhāniṭṭhaasamapekkhitesū</span>ti iṭṭhesu piyesu, aniṭṭhesu appiyesu, asamaṃ asammā pekkhitesu. <span class="bld">Asamapekkhana</span>nti gehassitaaññāṇupekkhāvasena ārammaṇassa ayoniso gahaṇaṃ. Yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ – ‘‘cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā upekkhā bālassa mūḷhassa puthujjanassā’’tiādi (ma. ni. 3.308). <span class="bld">Te</span> parivitakkā. <span class="bld">Tato nimittato añña</span>nti tato chandūpasaṃhitādiakusalavitakkuppattikāraṇato <a name="V2.0070"></a> aññaṃ navaṃ nimittaṃ. ‘‘Manasikaroto’’ti hi vuttaṃ, tasmā ārammaṇaṃ, tādiso purimuppanno cittappavattiākāro vā nimittaṃ. <span class="bld">Kusalanissitaṃ nimitta</span>nti kusalacittappavattikāraṇaṃ <span class="bld">manasi kātabbaṃ</span> citte ṭhapetabbaṃ, bhāvanāvasena cintetabbaṃ, cittasantāne vā saṅkamitabbaṃ. Asubhañhi asubhanimittanti. Saṅkhāresu uppanne chandūpasaṃhite vitakketi ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ. Evaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘dosūpasañhite’’</span>tiādīsu yathārahaṃ taṃ taṃ padaṃ ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Yattha katthacī</span>ti ‘‘sattesu saṅkhāresū’’ti yattha katthaci. <span class="bld">Pañcadhammūpanissayo</span>ti pañcavidho dhammūpasaṃhito upanissayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘chandūpasañhite’’</span>tiādinā saṅkhepato vuttamatthaṃ vitthārato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘imassa hatthā vā sobhanā’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">‘‘asubhato</span> <a name="M2.0074"></a> <span class="bld">upasaṃharitabba’’</span>nti vatvā upasaṃharaṇākārassa dassanaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kimhi sārattosī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Chavirāgenā</span>ti chavirāgatāya kāḷasāmādivaṇṇanibhāya. <span class="bld">Kuphaḷapūrito</span>ti pakkehi kuṇapaphalehi puṇṇo. ‘‘Kaliphalapūrito’’ti vā pāṭho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Assāmikatāvakālikabhāvavasenā</span>ti idaṃ pattaṃ anukkamena vaṇṇavikārañceva jiṇṇabhāvañca patvā chiddāvachiddaṃ bhinnaṃ vā hutvā kapālaniṭṭhaṃ bhavissati. Idaṃ cīvaraṃ anupubbena vaṇṇavikāraṃ jiṇṇatañca upagantvā pādapuñchanacoḷakaṃ hutvā yaṭṭhikoṭiyā chaḍḍanīyaṃ bhavissati. Sace pana nesaṃ sāmiko bhaveyya, na nesaṃ evaṃ vinassituṃ dadeyyāti evaṃ assāmikabhāvavasena, ‘‘anaddhaniyaṃ idaṃ tāvakālika’’nti evaṃ tāvakālikabhāvavasena ca manasikaroto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āghātavinaya…pe… bhāvetabbā</span>ti – ‘‘pañcime, bhikkhave, āghātapaṭivinayā. Yattha hi bhikkhuno uppanno āghāto sabbaso paṭivinetabbo’’tiādinā nayena āgatassa <span class="bld">āghātavinayasuttassa</span> (a. ni. 5.161) ceva <span class="bld">kakacūpamovāda</span>(ma. ni. 1.222-233)<span class="bld"> chavālātūpamā</span>dīnañca (itivu. 91) vasena āghātaṃ paṭivinodetvā mettā bhāvetabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Garusaṃvāso</span>ti garuṃ upanissāya vāso. <span class="bld">Uddeso</span>ti pariyattidhammassa uddisāpanañceva uddisanañca. <span class="bld">Uddiṭṭhaparipucchana</span>nti yathāuggahitassa dhammassa atthaparipucchā. <span class="bld">Pañca dhammūpanissāyā</span>ti garusaṃvāsādike pañca dhamme paṭicca. <span class="bld">Mohadhātū</span>ti moho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upanissitabbā</span>ti upanissayitabbā, ayameva vā pāṭho. <span class="bld">Yattappaṭiyatto</span>ti yatto ca gāmappavesanāpucchākaraṇesu ussukkaṃ āpanno sajjito ca hotīti attho. <span class="bld">Athassa moho pahīyatī</span>ti <a name="V2.0071"></a> assa bhikkhuno evaṃ tattha yuttappayuttassa pacchā so moho vigacchati. <span class="bld">Evampī</span>ti evaṃ uddese appamajjanenapi. Puna <span class="bld">evampī</span>ti atthaparipucchāya kaṅkhāvinodanepi. <span class="bld">Tesu tesu ṭhānesu attho pākaṭo hotī</span>ti suyyamānassa dhammassa tesu tesu padesu ‘‘idha sīlaṃ kathitaṃ, idha samādhi, idha paññā’’ti so so attho vibhūto hoti. Idaṃ cakkhurūpālokādi <a name="M2.0075"></a> <span class="bld">imassa</span> cakkhuviññāṇassa <span class="bld">kāraṇaṃ, idaṃ</span> sālibījabhūmisalilādi <span class="bld">imassa</span> sāliaṅkurassa <span class="bld">kāraṇaṃ. Idaṃ na kāraṇa</span>nti tadeva cakkhurūpālokādi sotaviññāṇassa, tadeva sālibījādi kudrusakaṅkurassa na kāraṇanti ṭhānāṭṭhānavinicchaye cheko hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ārammaṇesū</span>ti kammaṭṭhānesu. <span class="bld">Ime vitakkā</span>ti kāmavitakkādayo. Sabbe kusalā dhammā sabbākusalapaṭipakkhāti katvā ‘‘pahīyantī’’ti vattabbe na sabbe sabbesaṃ ujuvipaccanīkabhūtāti ‘‘pahīyanti evā’’ti sāsaṅkaṃ vadati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘imānī’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kusalanissita</span>nti kusalena nissitaṃ nissayitabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Kusalassa paccayabhūta</span>nti tasseva vevacanaṃ, kusaluppattikāraṇaṃ yathāvuttaasubhanimittādimeva vadati. <span class="bld">Sāraphalake</span>ti candanamaye sāraphalake. <span class="bld">Visamāṇi</span>nti visamākārena tattha ṭhitaṃ āṇiṃ. <span class="bld">Haneyyā</span>ti pahareyya nikkhāmeyya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para217"></a><a name="para217_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">217</span>. <span class="bld">Aṭṭo</span>ti āturo, duggandhabādhatāya pīḷito. <span class="bld">Dukkhito</span>ti sañjātadukkho. <span class="bld">Imināpi kāraṇenā</span>ti akosallasambhūtatāya kusalapaṭipakkhatāya gehassitarogena sarogatāya ca <span class="bld">ete akusalā</span> viññugarahitabbatāya jigucchanīyatāya ca <span class="bld">sāvajjā</span> aniṭṭhaphalatāya nirassādasaṃvattaniyatāya ca <span class="bld">dukkhavipākā</span>ti evaṃ tena tena kāraṇena akusalādibhāvaṃ <span class="bld">upaparikkhato</span>.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Āturaṃ asuciṃ pūtiṃ, passa nande samussayaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Uggharantaṃ paggharantaṃ, bālānaṃ abhinandita’’nti. (apa. therī 2.4.157) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Evamādi <span class="bld">kāyavicchandanīyakathādīhi</span> vā. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Tasseva tena pāpiyo, yo kuddhaṃ paṭikujjhati;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Kuddhaṃ appaṭikujjhanto, saṅgāmaṃ jeti dujjaya’’nti. (theragā. 442) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Evamādi paṭighavūpasamanakathādikāpi saṅgaṇhāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para218"></a><a name="para218_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">218</span>. Na <a name="V2.0072"></a> saraṇaṃ <span class="bld">asati,</span> ananussaraṇaṃ. Amanasikaraṇaṃ <span class="bld">amanasikāro. Kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā nisīditabba</span>nti kammaṭṭhānamanasikāreneva nisīditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Uggahito dhammakathāpabandho</span>ti kammaṭṭhānassa upakāro dhammakathāpabandho. <span class="bld">Muṭṭhipotthako</span>ti muṭṭhippamāṇo pārihāriyapotthako. <span class="bld">Samannānentenā</span>ti <a name="M2.0076"></a> samannāharantena. <span class="bld">Okāso na hoti</span> āraddhassa pariyosāpetabbato. Āraddhassa antagamanaṃ anārambhovāti theravādo. <span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti upajjhāyassa. <span class="bld">Pabbhārasodhanaṃ</span> kāyakammaṃ, ārabhanto eva vitakkaniggaṇhanatthaṃ saṃyuttanikāyasajjhāyanaṃ vacīkammaṃ, dassanakiccapubbakammakaraṇatthaṃ tejokasiṇaparikammanti tīṇi kammāni ācinoti. Thero tassa āsayaṃ kasiṇañca savisesaṃ jānitvā <span class="bld">‘‘imasmiṃ vihāre’’</span>tiādimavoca. Tenassa yathādhippāyaṃ sabbaṃ sampāditaṃ. <span class="bld">Asatipabbaṃ nāma</span> asatiyā vitakkaniggahaṇavibhāvanato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para219"></a><a name="para219_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">219</span>. <span class="bld">Vitakkamūlabhedaṃ pabba</span>nti vitakkamūlassa tammūlassa ca bhedavibhāvanaṃ vitakkamūlabhedaṃ pabbaṃ. Vitakkaṃ saṅkharotīti vitakkasaṅkhāro, vitakkapaccayo subhanimittādīsupi subhādinā ayonisomanasikāro. So pana vitakkasaṅkhāro saṃtiṭṭhati etthāti <span class="bld">vitakkasaṅkhārasaṇṭhānaṃ,</span> asubhe subhantiādi saññāvipallāso. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vitakkānaṃ mūlañca mūlamūlañca manasi kātabba’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Vitakkānaṃ mūlamūlaṃ gacchantassā</span>ti upaparikkhanavasena micchāvitakkānaṃ mūlaṃ uppattikāraṇaṃ ñāṇagatiyā gacchantassa. Yāthāvato jānantassa pubbe viya vitakkā abhiṇhaṃ nappavattantīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vitakkacāro sithilo hotī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tasmiṃ sithilībhūte matthakaṃ gacchante</span>ti vuttanayena vitakkacāro sithilabhūto, tasmiṃ vitakkānaṃ mūlagamane anukkamena thirabhāvappattiyā matthakaṃ gacchante. <span class="bld">Vitakkā sabbaso nirujjhantī</span>ti micchāvitakkā sabbepi gacchanti na samudācaranti, bhāvanāpāripūriyā vā anavasesā pahīyanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kaṇṇamūle patita</span>nti sasakassa kaṇṇasamīpe kaṇṇasakkhaliṃ paharantaṃ viya upapatitaṃ. Tassa kira sasakassa heṭṭhā mahāmūsikāhi khatamahāvāṭaṃ umaṅgasadisaṃ ahosi, tenassa pātena mahāsaddo ahosi. <span class="bld">Palāyiṃsu</span> ‘‘pathavī udrīyatī’’ti. <span class="bld">Mūlamūlaṃ gantvā anuvijjeyya</span>nti ‘‘pathavī bhijjatī’’ti yatthāyaṃ saso uṭṭhito, tattha gantvā tassa mūlakāraṇaṃ yaṃnūna vīmaṃseyyaṃ. Pathaviyā bhijjanaṭṭhānaṃ gate ‘‘ko jānāti, kiṃ bhavissatī’’ti saso ‘‘na sakkomi sāmī’’ti āha. Ādhipaccavato hi yācanaṃ saṇhamudukaṃ. <span class="bld">Duddubhāyatī</span>ti duddubhāti saddaṃ karoti. Anuravadassanañhetaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhaddante</span>ti migarājassa piyasamudācāro, migarāja, bhaddaṃ te atthūti attho. <span class="bld">Kimeta</span>nti kiṃ etaṃ, kiṃ tassa mūlakāraṇaṃ? <span class="bld">Duddubha</span>nti idampi tassa anuravadassanameva. Evanti yathā sasakassa mahāpathavībhedanaṃ ravanāya <a name="V2.0073"></a> micchāgāhasamuṭṭhānaṃ <a name="M2.0077"></a> amūlaṃ, evaṃ vitakkacāropi saññāvipallāsasamuṭṭhāno amūlo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vitakkāna’’</span>ntiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para220"></a><a name="para220_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">220</span>. <span class="bld">Abhidanta</span>nti abhibhavanadantaṃ, uparidantanti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘uparidanta’’</span>nti. So hi itaraṃ musalaṃ viya udukkhalaṃ visesato kassaci khādanakāle abhibhuyya vattati. <span class="bld">Kusalacittenā</span>ti balavasammāsaṅkappasampayuttena. <span class="bld">Akusalacitta</span>nti kāmavitakkādisahitaṃ akusalacittaṃ. <span class="bld">Abhiniggaṇhitabba</span>nti yathā tassa āyatiṃ samudācāro na hoti, evaṃ abhibhavitvā niggahetabbaṃ, anuppattidhammatā āpādetabbāti attho. <span class="bld">Ke ca tumhe</span> satipi cirakālabhāvanāya evaṃ adubbalā <span class="bld">ko cāhaṃ</span> mama santike laddhappatiṭṭhe viya ṭhitepi idāneva appatiṭṭhe karonto iti evaṃ <span class="bld">abhibhavitvā</span>. Taṃ pana abhibhavanākāraṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘kāmaṃ taco cā’’</span>tiādinā caturaṅgasamannāgatavīriyapaggaṇhanamāha. <span class="bld">Atthadīpika</span>nti ekantato vitakkaniggaṇhanatthajotakaṃ. <span class="bld">Upama</span>nti ‘‘seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, balavā puriso’’tiādikaṃ upamaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para221"></a><a name="para221_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">221</span>. <span class="bld">Pariyādānabhājanīya</span>nti yaṃ taṃ ādito ‘‘adhicittamanuyuttena bhikkhunā pañca nimittāni kālena kālaṃ manasi kātabbānī’’ti niddiṭṭhaṃ, tattha tassa nimittassa manasikaraṇakālapariyādānassa vasena vibhajanaṃ. Nigamanaṃ vā etaṃ, yadidaṃ ‘‘yato kho, bhikkhave’’tiādi. Yathāvuttassa hi atthassa puna vacanaṃ nigamananti. Tathāpaṭipannassa vā vasībhāvavisuddhidassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yato kho, bhikkhave’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Satthācariyo</span>ti dhanubbedācariyo. Yathā hi sasanato asatthampi satthaggahaṇeneva saṅgayhati, evaṃ dhanusippampi dhanubbedapariyāpannamevāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pariyāyati parivitakketīti <span class="bld">pariyāyo</span>. Vāroti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vitakkavārapathesū’’</span>ti, vitakkānaṃ vārena pavattanamaggesu. <span class="bld">Ciṇṇavasī</span>ti āsevitavasī. <span class="bld">Paguṇavasī</span>ti subhāvitavasī. Sammāvitakkaṃyeva yathicchitaṃ tathāvitakkanato, itarassa panassa setughātoyevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Vitakkasaṇṭhānasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.</p>
<p class="centered">Niṭṭhitā ca sīhanādavaggavaṇṇanā.</p>
<a name="mn1_3"></a>
<p class="chapter">3. Opammavaggo</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Kakacūpamasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para222"></a><a name="para222_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">222</span>. <span class="bld">Moḷi</span>nti <a name="M2.0078"></a><a name="V2.0074"></a> kesaracanaṃ. <span class="bld">Vehāyasa</span>nti ākāse. <span class="bld">Ratanacaṅkoṭavarenā</span>ti ratanasilāmayavaracaṅkoṭakena sahassanetto sirasā paṭiggahi. ‘‘Suvaṇṇacaṅkoṭakavarenā’’tipi (bu. vaṃ. aṭṭha. 23 dūrenidānakathā; jā. aṭṭha. 1.2 avidūrenidānakathā) pāṭho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sā</span>ti moḷi. Moḷi etassa atthīti moḷiko, moḷiko eva <span class="bld">moḷiyo. Phagguno</span>ti pana nāmaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṅkhā</span>ti samaññā. Velīyati khaṇamuhuttādivasena upadisīyatīti <span class="bld">velā,</span> kāloti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tāyaṃ velāyaṃ…pe… ayaṃ kālavelā nāmā’’</span>ti. Velayati paricchedavasena tiṭṭhatīti <span class="bld">velā,</span> sīmā. Velayati saṃkilesapakkhaṃ cālayatīti <span class="bld">velā,</span> sīlaṃ. Anatikkamanaṭṭhopi cassa saṃkilesadhammanimittaṃ acalanameva. Viññupurisābhāve chapañcavācāmattaṃ <span class="bld">ovāde pamāṇaṃ nāma.</span> <span class="bld">Davasahagataṃ katvā</span>ti kīḷāsahitaṃ katvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Missībhūto</span>ti ananulomikasaṃsaggavasena missībhūto. <span class="bld">‘‘Avaṇṇaṃ bhāsatī’’</span>ti saṅkhepato vuttaṃ vivarituṃ ‘‘tāpanapacanakoṭṭanādīnī’’tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Adhikaraṇampi karotī</span>ti ettha yathā so adhikaraṇāya parisakkati, taṃdassanaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘imesaṃ bhikkhūna’’</span>ntiādi. <span class="bld">Adhikaraṇaṃ ākaḍḍhatī</span>ti adhikaraṇaṃ uddissa te bhikkhū ākaḍḍhati, adhikaraṇaṃ vā tesu uppādento ākaḍḍhati. <span class="bld">Uddesapadaṃ vā</span>ti padaso uddesamattaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Neva piyakamyatāyā</span>ti neva attani satthuno piyabhāvakāmatāya. <span class="bld">Na bhedādhippāyenā</span>ti na satthuno tena bhikkhunā bhedādhippāyena. <span class="bld">Atthakāmatāyā</span>ti moḷiyaphaggunassa hitakāmatāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para224"></a><a name="para224_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">224</span>. <span class="bld">Avaṇṇabhāsane</span>ti <a name="V2.0075"></a> bhikkhunīnaṃ aguṇakathane. Chandādīnaṃ vatthubhāvato kāmaguṇā gehaṃ viya gehaṃ, te ca te sitā nissitāti <span class="bld">gehassitā</span>ti vuttā. Taṇhāchandāpi tāsaṃ kattukāmatāpīti ubhayepi <span class="bld">taṇhāchandā, paṭighachandā</span> pana tesaṃ kattukāmatā eva. Phalikamaṇi viya pakatipabhassarassa cittasantānassa upasaṅgo viya vipariṇāmakāraṇaṃ rāgādayoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘rattampi cittaṃ vipariṇata’’</span>ntiādi. <span class="bld">Hitānukampī</span>ti <a name="M2.0079"></a> karuṇāya paccupaṭṭhāpanamāha. ‘‘Yassantarato na santi kopā’’tiādīsu (udā. 20) viya <span class="bld">antara</span>-saddo cittapariyāyoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘dosantaroti dosacitto’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para225"></a><a name="para225_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">225</span>. Dubbacatāya ovādaṃ asampaṭicchanto citteneva <span class="bld">paṭiviruddho aṭṭhāsi. Gaṇhiṃsu</span> cittaṃ, hadayagāhiniṃ paṭipajjiṃsūti attho. <span class="bld">Pūrayiṃsu</span> ajjhāsayanti attho. <span class="bld">Ekasmiṃ samaye</span> paṭhamabodhiyaṃ. Ekāsanaṃ bhojanassa <span class="bld">ekāsanabhojanaṃ,</span> ekavelāyameva bhojanaṃ. Tañca kho pubbaṇhe evāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ekaṃ purebhattabhojana’’</span>ntiādi. Sattakkhattuṃ bhuttabhojanampi imasmiṃ sutte ekāsanabhojananteva adhippetaṃ, na ekāsanikatāya ekāya eva nisajjāya bhojanaṃ. ‘‘Appaḍaṃsa…pe… samphassa’’ntiādīsu viya <span class="bld">appa</span>-saddo abhāvatthoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘nirābādhataṃ, niddukkhata’’</span>nti. Padhānādivasena sallahukaṃ akicchaṃ uṭṭhānaṃ <span class="bld">sallahukauṭṭhānaṃ. Na ekappahārenā</span>ti na ekavārena, na ekasmiṃyeva kāleti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Dve bhojanānī</span>ti ‘‘aparaṇhe rattiya’’nti kālavasena dve bhojanāni. <span class="bld">Pañca guṇe</span>ti appābādhādike pañca ānisaṃse. <span class="bld">Satuppādakaraṇīyamattamevā</span>ti satuppādamattakaraṇīyameva, nivāretabbassa punappunaṃ samādapanañca nāhosi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Maṇḍabhūmī</span>ti ojavantabhūmi, yattha parisiñcanena vinā sassāni kiṭṭhāni sampajjanti. Yuge yojetabbāni yoggāni, tesaṃ ācariyo <span class="bld">yoggācariyo,</span> tesaṃ sikkhāpanako. Gāmaṇihatthiādayopi ‘‘yoggā’’ti vuccantīti āha pāḷiyaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘assadammasārathī’’</span>ti. Catūsu maggesu <span class="bld">yena yena maggena icchati</span>. Javasamagādibhedāsu gatīsu <span class="bld">yaṃ yaṃ gatiṃ. Taṃ taṃ</span> maggaṃ <span class="bld">āruḷhāva</span> otiṇṇāyeva. <span class="bld">Neva vāretabbā</span> rasmiviniggaṇhanena. <span class="bld">Na vijjhitabbā</span> patodalaṭṭhiyā. <span class="bld">Gamanamevā</span>ti ime yuttā mama icchānurūpaṃ mandaṃ gacchanti, samaṃ gacchanti, sīghaṃ gacchantīti khuresu nimittaggahaṇaṃ paṭṭhapetvā sārathinā tesaṃ gamanameva passitabbaṃ hoti, na tattha niyojanaṃ<a name="V2.0076"></a>. <span class="bld">Tehipi</span> bhikkhūhi. <span class="bld">Pajahiṃsu</span> pajahitabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Sāladūsanā</span>ti sālarukkhavisanāsakā. <span class="bld">Aññā ca valliyo</span> sālarukkhe vinandhitvā ṭhitā. <span class="bld">Bahi nīharaṇenā</span>ti sālavanato bahi chaḍḍanena. <span class="bld">Susaṇṭhitā</span>ti saṇṭhānasampannā, <span class="bld">mariyādaṃ</span> <a name="M2.0080"></a> <span class="bld">bandhitvā</span>ti ālavālasampādanavasena mariyādaṃ bandhitvā. <span class="bld">Kipillapuṭakaṃ</span> tambakipillakapuṭakaṃ. <span class="bld">Sukkhadaṇḍakaharaṇaṃ</span> ālavālabbhantarā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para226"></a><a name="para226_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">226</span>. Videharaṭṭhe jātasaṃvaḍḍhatāya <span class="bld">vedehikā</span>. Paṇḍā vuccati paññā, tāya itā gatā pavattāti <span class="bld">paṇḍitā. Gahapatānī</span>ti gehasāminī. <span class="bld">Soraccenā</span>ti saṃyamena. <span class="bld">Nivātavuttī</span>ti paṇipātakārī. <span class="bld">Nibbutā</span>ti nibbutaduccaritapariḷāhā. <span class="bld">Uṭṭhāhikā</span>ti uṭṭhānavīriyavatī. <span class="bld">Kibbisā</span>ti kurūrā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para227"></a><a name="para227_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">227</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ akkhantiyā dosaṃ dassetvā</span>ti ‘‘guṇavanto’’ti loke patthaṭakittisaddānampi akkhantinimittaṃ ayasuppattiguṇaparihāniādiṃ akkhamatāyaādīnavaṃ pakāsetvā. <span class="bld">Vacanapathe</span>ti vacanamagge yuttakālādike. Saṇhābhāvopi hi vacanassa pavattiākāroti katvā ‘‘vacanapatho’’ tveva vutto. <span class="bld">Tesaṃyeva</span> kālādīnaṃ. Mettā etassa atthīti mettaṃ, uppannaṃ mettacittaṃ etesanti <span class="bld">uppannamettacittā</span>. Puna ‘‘kālena vā, bhikkhave’’tiādi (pari. 362, 363) pāḷi dhammasabhāvadassanavasena pavattā ‘‘paraṃ codanāvasena vadantā nāma imehi ākārehi vadantī’’ti. <span class="bld">Adhimuñcitvā</span>ti abhirativasena tasmiṃ puggale bhāvanācittaṃ muñcitvā vissajjetvā. So puggalo ārammaṇaṃ etassāti <span class="bld">tadārammaṇaṃ,</span> mettacittaṃ. Yadi evaṃ padesavisayaṃ taṃ kathaṃ nippadesavisayaṃ viya hotīti codento <span class="bld">‘‘kathaṃ tadārammaṇaṃ sabbāvantaṃ lokaṃ karotī’’</span>ti āha, itaro <span class="bld">‘‘pañca vacanapathe’’</span>tiādinā pariharati. Idha <span class="bld">tadārammaṇañcā</span>ti tasseva mettacittassa ārammaṇaṃ katvāti pāḷiyaṃ vacanaseso daṭṭhabbo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘puna tassevā’’</span>tiādi. Sabbā sattakāyasaṅkhātā pajā etassa atthīti <span class="bld">sabbāvanto</span>ti imamatthaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘sabbāvanta’’</span>nti āha. <span class="bld">Vipulenā</span>ti mahājanārammaṇena. Mahantapariyāyo hi vipula-saddo, mahattañcettha bahukabhāvo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘anekasattārammaṇenā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tañca puggala</span>nti pañca vacanapathe gahetvā āgatapuggalaṃ. <span class="bld">Cittassā</span>ti mettāsahagatacittassa. Ettha ca mettāsahagatena cetasā viharissāmāti sambandho. Tattha kathanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tañca puggalaṃ sabbañca lokaṃ tassa cittassa ārammaṇaṃ katvā adhimuccitvā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para228"></a><a name="para228_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">228</span>. <span class="bld">Tadatthadīpika</span>nti <a name="V2.0077"></a><a name="M2.0081"></a> yā mettaṃ cetovimuttiṃ sammadeva bhāvetvā ṭhitassa nibbikārato kenaci vikāraṃ na āpādetabbatā, tadatthajotikaṃ. <span class="bld">Apathavi</span>nti pathavī na hotīti apathavī. <span class="bld">Nippathavi</span>nti sabbena sabbaṃ pathavībhāvābhāvaṃ. <span class="bld">Tiriyaṃ pana aparicchinnā</span>ti kasmā vuttaṃ, nanu cakkavāḷapabbatehi taṃ taṃ cakkavāḷaṃ paricchindati? Na, tadaññacakkavāḷapathaviyā ekābaddhabhāvato. Tiṇṇañhi cakkānaṃ antarasadise tiṇṇaṃ tiṇṇaṃ lokadhātūnaṃ antareyeva pathavī natthi lokantaranirayabhāvato. Cakkavāḷapabbatantarehi sambaddhaṭṭhāne pathavī ekābaddhāva. Vivaṭṭakāle hi saṇṭhahamānāpi pathavī yathāsaṇṭhitapathaviyā ekābaddhāva saṇṭhahati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tiriyaṃ pana aparicchinnā’’</span>ti. Imināva gambhīrabhāvena vuttaparimāṇato paraṃ natthīti dīpitaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para229"></a><a name="para229_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">229</span>. <span class="bld">Haliddī</span>ti haliddivaṇṇaṃ adhippetanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ kiñci pītakavaṇṇa’’</span>nti. Vaṇṇasaṅkhātaṃ rūpaṃ assa atthīti rūpī, na rūpīti <span class="bld">arūpī</span>ti āha <span class="bld">‘‘arūpo’’</span>ti. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘sanidassanabhāvapaṭikkhepato’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para230"></a><a name="para230_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">230</span>. <span class="bld">Pañca yojanasatānī</span>ti himavantato samuddaṃ paviṭṭhaṭṭhānavasena vuttaṃ, na anotattadahamukhato. Aññā nadiyo upādāya labbhamānaṃ gambhīrataṃ appameyyaudakatañca gahetvā <span class="bld">‘‘gambhīrā appameyyā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> pana tiṇukkāya tāpetabbattābhāvadassanaparametanti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘etena payogenā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para231"></a><a name="para231_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">231</span>. Tūlinī viya <span class="bld">tūlinī</span>ti āha <span class="bld">‘‘simbalitūlalatātūlasamānā’’</span>ti. Sassaranti evaṃpavatto saddo <span class="bld">sassarasaddo</span>. Anuravadassanañhetaṃ. Tathā <span class="bld">bhabbharasaddo</span>. Sabbametaṃ mettāvihārino cittassa dūsetuṃ asakkuṇeyyabhāvadassanaparaṃ. Ayañhettha saṅkhepattho – yathā mahāpathavī kenaci purisena apathaviṃ kātuṃ na sakkā, yathā ākāse kiñci rūpaṃ paṭṭhapetuṃ na sakkā, yathā gaṅgāya udakaṃ tiṇukkāya tāpetuṃ na sakkā, yathā ca biḷārabhastaṃ thaddhaṃ pharusañca samphassaṃ kātuṃ na sakkā, evamevaṃ mettāya cetovimuttiyā āsevitāya bhāvitāya bahulīkatāya pañca vacanapathe gahetvā āgatapurisena kenaci pariyāyena cittassa aññathattaṃ kātuṃ na sakkāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para232"></a><a name="para232_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">232</span>. <span class="bld">Ocarakā</span>ti <a name="M2.0082"></a><a name="V2.0078"></a> parūpaghātavasena hīnakammakārino. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘nīcakammakārakā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Anadhivāsanenā</span>ti akkhamanena. <span class="bld">Mayhaṃ ovādakaro na hotī</span>ti paramhi anatthakārimhi cittapadosanena āghātuppādanena mama sāsane sammāpaṭipajjamāno nāma na hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para233"></a><a name="para233_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">233</span>. <span class="bld">Aṇu</span>nti appakaṃ tanu parittakaṃ. <span class="bld">Thūla</span>nti mahantaṃ oḷārikaṃ. Vacanapathassa pana adhippetattā taṃ sāvajjavibhāgena gahetabbanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘appasāvajjaṃ vā mahāsāvajjaṃ vā’’</span>ti. Khantiyā idaṃ bhāriyaṃ na hotīti avocuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘anadhi…pe… passāmā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Dīgharatta</span>nti cirakālaṃ, accantamevāti attho. Accantañca hitasukhaṃ nāma aññādhigamenevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘arahattena kūṭaṃ gaṇhanto’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="centered">Kakacūpamasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.</p>
<p class="subhead">2. Alagaddūpamasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para234"></a><a name="para234_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">234</span>. <span class="bld">Bādhayiṃsū</span>ti <a name="V2.0079"></a> (sārattha. ṭī. pācittiya 3.417) haniṃsu. Taṃtaṃsampattiyā vibandhanavasena sattasantānassa antare vemajjhe eti āgacchatīti antarāyo, diṭṭhadhammikādianattho, anatikkamanaṭṭhena tasmiṃ antarāye niyuttā, antarāyaṃ vā phalaṃ arahanti, antarāyassa vā karaṇasīlāti <span class="bld">antarāyikā.</span> Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘antarāyaṃ karontīti antarāyikā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ānantariyadhammā</span>ti ānantariyasabhāvacetanādhammā. Tatrāyaṃ vacanattho – cutianantaraphalaṃ anantaraṃ nāma, tasmiṃ anantare niyuttā, tannibbattanena anantarakaraṇasīlā, anantarapayojanāti vā ānantarikā, te eva <span class="bld">ānantariyā</span>ti vuttā. Kammāni eva antarāyikāti <span class="bld">kammantarāyikā. Mokkhasseva antarāyaṃ karoti, na saggassa</span> micchācāralakkhaṇābhāvato. Na hi bhikkhuniyā dhammarakkhitabhāvo atthi. Pākatikabhikkhunīvasena cetaṃ vuttaṃ, ariyāya pana pavattaṃ apāyasaṃvattaniyameva. Nandamāṇavako cettha nidassanaṃ. Ubhinnaṃ samānacchandatāvasena vā asaggantarāyikatā, mokkhantarāyikatā pana mokkhatthapaṭipattiyā vidūsanato, abhibhavitvā pana pavattiyaṃ <a name="M2.0083"></a> saggantarāyikatāpi na sakkā nivāretunti. Ahetukadiṭṭhiakiriyadiṭṭhinatthikadiṭṭhiyova niyatabhāvaṃ pattā <span class="bld">niyatamicchādiṭṭhidhammā. Paṭisandhidhammā</span>ti paṭisandhicittuppādamāha. Paṇḍakādiggahaṇañcettha nidassanamattaṃ sabbāyapi ahetukapaṭisandhiyā vipākantarāyikabhāvato. Yā hi ariye upavadati, sā cetanā <span class="bld">ariyūpavādadhammā. Tato para</span>nti khamāpanato upari. Yaṃ panettha vattabbaṃ, taṃ mahāsīhanādassa līnatthapakāsane vuttameva. <span class="bld">Yāva bhikkhubhāvaṃ paṭijānāti</span> pārājikaṃ āpanno. <span class="bld">Na vuṭṭhāti</span> sesaṃ garukāpattiṃ. <span class="bld">Na deseti</span> lahukāpattiṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ayaṃ bhikkhu</span> ariṭṭho. <span class="bld">Rasena rasaṃ saṃsanditvā</span>ti anavajjena paccayaparibhuñjanarasena sāvajjaṃ kāmaguṇaparibhogarasaṃ samānetvā. <span class="bld">Upanento viyā</span>ti bandhanaṃ upanento viya. ‘‘Ghaṭento viyā’’tipi pāṭho. <span class="bld">Upasaṃharanto viyā</span>ti sadisataṃ upasaṃharanto viya ekantasāvajje anavajjabhāvapakkhepena. <span class="bld">Pāpaka</span>nti lāmakaṭṭhena duggatisampāpanaṭṭhena ca pāpakaṃ. Setukaraṇavasena <span class="bld">mahāsamuddaṃ bandhantena viya. Sabbaññutaññāṇena</span> ‘‘sāvajja’’nti diṭṭhaṃ ‘‘anavajja’’nti gahaṇena tena <span class="bld">paṭivirujjhanto</span>. Ekantato anantarāyikanti gahaṇena <span class="bld">vesārajjañāṇaṃ paṭibāhanto</span>. Kāmakaṇṭakehi ariyamaggasammāpaṭipatti na upakkilissatīti vadanto <span class="bld">‘‘ariyamagge khāṇukaṇṭakādīni</span> <a name="V2.0080"></a> <span class="bld">pakkhipanto’’</span>ti vutto. Paṭhamapārājikasikkhāpadasaṅkhāte, ‘‘abrahmacariyaṃ pahāyā’’ti (dī. ni. 1.8, 194) ādidesanāsaṅkhāte ca <span class="bld">āṇācakke</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pucchamānā <span class="bld">samanuyuñjanti nāma</span>. Pucchā hi anuyogoti. Tenādhigatāya laddhiyā anuvajjanatthaṃ paccanubhāsanena puna paṭijānāpanaṃ patiṭṭhāpanaṃ, taṃ panassa ādāya samādāpanaṃ viya hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘samanugāhanti nāmā’’</span>ti. Tassā pana laddhiyā anuyuñjitāya vuccamānampi kāraṇaṃ kāraṇapatirūpakamevāti tassa pucchanaṃ <span class="bld">samanubhāsanaṃ. Anudahanaṭṭhena</span> anupāyapaṭipattiyā sampati āyatiñca anudahanaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Mahābhitāpanaṭṭhena</span> anavaṭṭhitasabhāvatāya. <span class="bld">Ittarapaccupaṭṭhānaṭṭhena</span> muhuttaramaṇīyatāya. <span class="bld">Tāvakālikaṭṭhena</span> parehi abhibhavanīyatāya. <span class="bld">Sabbaṅgapaccaṅgapalibhañjanaṭṭhena</span> chedanabhedanādiadhikaraṇabhāvena. Ugghāṭasadisatāya <a name="M2.0084"></a> <span class="bld">adhikuṭṭanaṭṭhena</span>. Avaṇe vaṇaṃ uppādetvā anto anupavisanasabhāvatāya <span class="bld">vinivijjhanaṭṭhena</span>. Diṭṭhadhammikasamparāyikaanatthanimittatāya <span class="bld">sāsaṅkasappaṭibhayaṭṭhena.</span> <span class="bld">Diṭṭhithāmenā</span>ti tassā diṭṭhiyā thāmagatabhāvena. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhiparāmāsenā</span>ti diṭṭhisaṅkhātaparāmasanena. Diṭṭhiyeva hi dhammasabhāvaṃ atikkamitvā parato āmasanena parāmāso. <span class="bld">Abhinivissā</span>ti taṇhābhinivesapubbaṅgamena diṭṭhābhinivesena ‘‘idamevettha tatha’’nti abhinivisitvā. <span class="bld">Yasmā hi abhinivesanaṃ tattha abhiniviṭṭhaṃ nāma hoti.</span>Tasmā āha<span class="bld"> ‘‘adhiṭṭhahitvā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para235"></a><a name="para235_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">235</span>. <span class="bld">Natthīti vattukāmopī</span>ti attano laddhiṃ niguhetukāmatāya avajānitukāmopi. <span class="bld">Sampaṭicchati</span> paṭijānāti. <span class="bld">Dve kathāti</span> visaṃvādanakathaṃ sandhāya vadati. Abhūtakathā hi pubbe pavattā bhūtakathāya vasena dve kathāti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para236"></a><a name="para236_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">236</span>. <span class="bld">Kassa kho nāmā</span>ti iminā satthā ‘‘na mama tuyhaṃ tādisassa atthāya dhammadesanā nāma bhūtapubbā’’ti dasseti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘khattiyassa vā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ñāṇamayā usmā etassa atthīti usmī, tathārūpehi paccayehi anusmīkato tasmiṃ attabhāve paṭivedhagabbhoapi <span class="bld">usmīkato</span>ti vikatabhāvato paññābījamassa imasmiṃ dhammavinaye api nu atthīti bhagavā bhikkhū pucchati. Te <span class="bld">paṭikkhipantā vadanti</span> ṭhānagatena duccaritena ñāṇupahatabhāvaṃ sampassantā. <span class="bld">Nittejabhūto</span>ti nittejaṃ bhūto tejohānippatto. Tato eva bhikkhūnampi <a name="V2.0081"></a> sammukhā oloketuṃ asamatthatāya <span class="bld">pattakkhandho</span> adhomukho. Sahadhammikaṃ kiñci vattuṃ avisahanato <span class="bld">appaṭibhāno. Sampattūpaganti</span> sampattiāvahaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭippassambhento</span>ti paṭisedhento.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para237"></a><a name="para237_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">237</span>. Antarāyakaraladdhiyā sabhāvavibhāvanena <span class="bld">parisaṃ sodheti. Nissāreti</span> nīharati avisuddhadiṭṭhitāya. <span class="bld">Kassaci</span> buddhānubhāvaṃ ajānantassa. Tassa hi evaṃ bhaveyya ‘‘sahasā kathita’’nti. Na hi kadāci buddhānaṃ sahasā kiriyā nāma atthi. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti ‘‘kassacī’’ti vuttabhikkhussa. <span class="bld">Sutvāpi</span> <a name="M2.0085"></a> <span class="bld">tuṇhībhāvaṃ āpajjeyyā</span>ti athāpi siyāti sambandho. <span class="bld">Taṃ sabba</span>nti ‘‘sace hī’’tiādinā vuttaṃ sabbaṃ parikappanaṃ. <span class="bld">Na karissantī</span>ti parisāya laddhiṃ sodhetīti sambandho. <span class="bld">Laddhiṃ pakāsento</span>ti mahāsāvajjatāvasena pakāsento. <span class="bld">Saññāvitakkehī</span>ti subhanimittānubyañjanaggāhādivasena pavattehi saññāvitakkehi. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kilesakāmasampayuttehī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Methunasamācāra</span>nti idaṃ adhikāravasena vuttaṃ. Tadaññampi pana – ‘‘apica kho mātugāmassa ucchādanaṃ parimaddanaṃ nahāpanaṃ sambāhanaṃ sādiyatī’’tiādinā (a. ni. 7.50) āgataṃ visabhāgavatthuvisayaṃ āmisaparibhogaṃ. ‘‘Aññatreva kāmehi aññatra kāmasaññāhi aññatra kāmavitakkehi samācarissatī’’ti <span class="bld">netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para238"></a><a name="para238_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">238</span>. Yoniso paccavekkhaṇena natthi ettha chandarāgoti nicchandarāgo, taṃ <span class="bld">nicchandarāgaṃ</span>. Kadāci uposathikabhāvena samādinnasīlāpi honti kadāci noti <span class="bld">anibaddhasīlānaṃ gahaṭṭhānaṃ</span>. Sīlasamādānabhāvato <span class="bld">antarāyakaraṃ</span>. Vatthukāmānaṃ <span class="bld">sacchandarāgaparibhogañca</span>. Apaccavekkhaṇena <span class="bld">bhikkhūnaṃ āvaraṇakaraṃ</span>. Paccayānaṃ <span class="bld">sacchandarāgaparibhogañca</span>. Ayaṃ ariṭṭho duggahitāya pariyattiyā vasena amhe ceva abbhācikkhati, attānañca khanati, bahuñca apuññaṃ pasavatīti evaṃ saññā mā hontūti <span class="bld">duggahitāya pariyattiyā dosaṃ dassento āha. Uggaṇhantī</span>ti sajjhāyanti ceva vācuggataṃ karontā dhārenti cāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sutta</span>ntiādinā navappabhedampi pariyattidhammaṃ pariyādiyati. Kathaṃ suttaṃ navappabhedaṃ? Sagāthakañhi suttaṃ <span class="bld">geyyaṃ,</span> niggāthakaṃ suttaṃ <span class="bld">veyyākaraṇaṃ,</span> tadubhayavinimuttañca suttaṃ udānādivisesasaññāvirahitaṃ natthi, yaṃ suttaṅgaṃ siyā, maṅgalasuttādīnañca suttaṅgasaṅgaho na siyā gāthābhāvato dhammapadādīnaṃ viya, geyyaṅgasaṅgaho vā siyā sagāthakattā sagāthāvaggassa viya, tathā ubhatovibhaṅgādīsu sagāthakappadesānanti? Vuccate –</p>
<p class="gatha1">Suttanti <a name="V2.0082"></a> sāmaññavidhi, visesavidhayo pare;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sanimittā nirūḷhattā, sahatāññena naññato. (dī. ni. ṭī. 1.nidānakathāvaṇṇanā; a. ni. ṭī. 2.4.6; sārattha. ṭī. 1.bāhiranidānakathā);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sabbassapi <a name="M2.0086"></a> hi buddhavacanassa suttanti ayaṃ <span class="bld">sāmaññavidhi</span>. Tenevāha āyasmā mahākaccāno <span class="bld">nettiyaṃ</span> (netti. 1.saṅgahavāra) ‘‘navavidhasuttantapariyeṭṭhī’’ti. ‘‘Ettakaṃ tassa bhagavato suttāgataṃ suttapariyāpannaṃ (pāci. 655, 1242), sakavāde pañca suttasatānī’’ti (dha. sa. aṭṭha. nidānakathā; kathā. aṭṭha. nidānakathā) evamādi ca etassa atthassa sādhakaṃ. Tadekadesesu pana geyyādayo <span class="bld">visesavidhayo</span> tena tena nimittena patiṭṭhitā. Tathā hi geyyassa sagāthakattaṃ tabbhāvanimittaṃ. Lokepi hi sasilokaṃ sagāthakaṃ vā cuṇṇiyaganthaṃ ‘‘geyya’’nti vadanti. Gāthāvirahe pana sati pucchaṃ katvā vissajjanabhāvo veyyākaraṇassa tabbhāvanimittaṃ. Pucchāvissajjanañhi ‘‘byākaraṇa’’nti vuccati, byākaraṇameva veyyākaraṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ sante sagāthakādīnampi pucchaṃ katvā vissajjanavasena pavattānaṃ veyyākaraṇabhāvo āpajjatīti? Nāpajjati geyyādisaññānaṃ anokāsabhāvato, ‘‘gāthāvirahe satī’’ti visesitattā ca. Tathā hi dhammapadādīsu kevalaṃ gāthābandhesu, sagāthakattepi somanassañāṇamayikagāthāyuttesu, ‘‘vuttañheta’’nti (itivu. 1) ādivacanasambandhesu, abbhutadhammapaṭisaṃyuttesu ca suttavisesesu yathākkamaṃ gāthā-udāna-itivuttaka-abbhutadhamma-saññā patiṭṭhitā, tathā satipi gāthābandhabhāve bhagavato atītāsu jātīsu cariyānubhāvappakāsakesu jātakasaññā, satipi pañhavissajjanabhāve sagāthakatte ca kesuci suttantesu vedassa labhāpanato vedallasaññā patiṭṭhitāti evaṃ tena tena sagāthakattādinā nimittena tesu tesu suttavisesesu geyyādisaññā patiṭṭhitāti visesavidhayo suttaṅgato pare geyyādayo. Yaṃ panettha geyyaṅgādinimittarahitaṃ, taṃ suttaṅgaṃ visesasaññāparihārena sāmaññasaññāya pavattanatoti. Nanu ca sagāthakaṃ suttaṃ geyyaṃ, niggāthakaṃ suttaṃ veyyākaraṇanti suttaṅgaṃ na sambhavatīti codanā tadavatthā evāti? Na tadavatthā sodhitattā. Sodhitañhi pubbe ‘‘gāthāvirahe sati pucchāvissajjanabhāvo veyyākaraṇassa tabbhāvanimitta’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yañca vuttaṃ ‘‘gāthābhāvato maṅgalasuttādīnaṃ suttaṅgasaṅgaho na siyā’’ti (khu. pā. 5.1; su. ni. 261), taṃ na, <span class="bld">niruḷhattā</span>. Niruḷho hi maṅgalasuttādīnaṃ suttabhāvo. Na hi <a name="M2.0087"></a> tāni dhammapadabuddhavaṃsādayo viya gāthābhāvena paññātāni, kintu suttabhāveneva. Teneva hi <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> ‘‘suttanāmaka’’nti nāmaggahaṇaṃ kataṃ. Yaṃ pana vuttaṃ ‘‘sagāthakattā geyyaṅgasaṅgaho siyā’’ti<a name="V2.0083"></a>, tadapi natthi, yasmā <span class="bld">sahatāññena</span>. Saha gāthāhīti hi sagāthakaṃ, sahabhāvo ca nāma atthato aññena hoti, na ca maṅgalasuttādīsu gāthāvinimutto koci suttapadeso atthi, yo ‘‘saha gāthāhī’’ti vucceyya, na ca samudāyo nāma koci atthi. Yadapi vuttaṃ ‘‘ubhatovibhaṅgādīsu sagāthakappadesānaṃ geyyaṅgasaṅgaho siyā’’ti, tadapi <span class="bld">na aññato</span>. Aññā eva hi tā gāthā jātakādipariyāpannattā, ato na tāhi ubhatovibhaṅgādīnaṃ geyyaṅgabhāvoti. Evaṃ suttādīnaṃ aṅgānaṃ aññamaññasaṅkarābhāvo veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Atthattha</span>nti atthabhūtaṃ yathābhūtaṃ atthaṃ. Anatthampi keci vipallāsavasena ‘‘attho’’ti gaṇhantīti ‘‘atthattha’’nti visesetvā vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Kāraṇattha</span>nti kāraṇabhūtaṃ atthaṃ, sīlaṃ samādhissa kāraṇaṃ, samādhi vipassanāyāti evaṃ tassa tassa kāraṇabhūtaṃ atthaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘imasmiṃ ṭhāne sīla’’</span>ntiādi. Tenetaṃ dasseti – imasmiṃ ṭhāne sīlaṃ kathitaṃ, tañca yāvadeva samādhatthaṃ, samādhi vipassanattho, vipassanā maggatthā, maggo phalattho, vaṭṭaṃ kathitaṃ yāvadeva vivaṭṭādhigamatthanti jānituṃ na sakkontīti. Evaṃ pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘attha’’nti iminā bhāsitatthapayojanatthānaṃ gahitatā veditabbā. <span class="bld">Na pariggaṇhantī</span>ti na vicārenti, nijjhānapaññākkhamā na honti, nijjhāyitvā paññāya rocetvā gahetabbā na hontīti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Iti</span> evaṃ etāya pariyattiyā <span class="bld">vādappamokkhānisaṃsā</span> attano upari parehi āropitavādassa niggahassa mokkhapayojanā hutvā dhammaṃ pariyāpuṇanti. <span class="bld">Vādappamokkho</span> vā nindāpamokkho. <span class="bld">Yassa cā</span>ti yassa ca sīlādipūraṇena pattabbassa, maggassa vā tadadhigamena pattabbassa, phalassa vā tadadhigamena pattabbassa, anupādāvimokkhassa vā atthāya. <span class="bld">Dhammaṃ pariyāpuṇanti,</span> ñāyena pariyāpuṇantīti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Nānubhonti</span> na vindanti. <span class="bld">Tesaṃ te dhammā duggahitā</span> upārambhamānadappamakkhapaḷāsādihetubhāvena <span class="bld">dīgharattaṃ ahitāya dukkhāya saṃvattanti</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para239"></a><a name="para239_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">239</span>. Alaṃ <a name="M2.0088"></a> pariyatto gado assāti <span class="bld">alagaddo</span> anunāsikalopaṃ da-kārāgamañca katvā. Vaṭṭadukkhakantārato nittharaṇatthāya pariyatti <span class="bld">nittharaṇapariyatti</span>. Bhaṇḍāgāre niyutto bhaṇḍāgāriko, bhaṇḍāgāriko viya bhaṇḍāgāriko, dhammaratanānupālako. Aññaṃ atthaṃ anapekkhitvā bhaṇḍāgārikasseva sato pariyatti <span class="bld">bhaṇḍāgārikapariyatti</span>. ‘‘Vaṃsānurakkhakovā’’ti avadhāraṇaṃ sīhāvalokanañāyena <span class="bld">tantidhārakova paveṇipālakovā</span>ti purimapadadvayepi yojetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadi tantidhāraṇādiatthaṃ buddhavacanassa pariyāpuṇanaṃ bhaṇḍāgārikapariyatti, kasmā ‘‘khīṇāsavassā’’ti visesetvā vuttaṃ, nanu ekaccassa puthujjanassapi ayaṃ nayo labbhatīti anuyogaṃ <a name="V2.0084"></a> sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘yo panā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Attano ṭhāne</span>ti nittharaṇaṭṭhāne. Kāmaṃ puthujjano ‘‘paveṇiṃ pālessāmī’’ti ajjhāsayena pariyāpuṇāti. Attano pana bhavakantārato anittiṇṇattā tassa sā pariyatti nittharaṇapariyatti eva nāma hotīti adhippāyo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘puthujjanassā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nijjhānaṃ khamantī</span>ti nijjhānapaññaṃ khamanti. Tattha tattha āgate sīlādidhamme nijjhāyitvā paññāya rocetvā yāthāvato gahetabbā honti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘idha sīla’’</span>ntiādi. Na kevalaṃ suggahitaṃ pariyattiṃ nissāya maggabhāvanāphalasacchikiriyā, paravādaniggahasakavādapatiṭṭhāpanādīnipi ijjhantīti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘paravāde’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tenāha ‘‘uppannaṃ parappavādaṃ sahadhammena suniggahaṃ niggahitvā’’tiādi (dī. ni. 2.268). <span class="bld">Icchiticchitaṭṭhāna</span>nti diṭṭhiviniveṭhanādivasena icchitaṃ icchitaṃ pāḷipadesaṃ. <span class="bld">Mocetu</span>nti apanetuṃ. Ahitāya dukkhāya asaṃvattanampi tadabhāve uppajjanakahitasukhassa kāraṇameva tasmiṃ sati bhāvatoti. Suggahitaalagaddassapi hitāya sukhāya saṃvattanatā daṭṭhabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para240"></a><a name="para240_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">240</span>. Uttaranti etenāti uttaro, sinanti bandhantīti setu, uttaro ca so setu cāti <span class="bld">uttarasetu</span>. Kūlaṃ paratīraṃ vahati pāpetīti <span class="bld">kullaṃ. Kalāpaṃ katvā baddho</span>ti veḷunaḷādīhi kalāpavasena baddho. <span class="bld">Aṇunti</span> idaṃ aṭṭhasamāpattiārammaṇaṃ saññojanaṃ sandhāya vadati. <span class="bld">Thūla</span>nti <a name="M2.0089"></a> itaraṃ. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhi</span>nti yathābhūtadassanaṃ, vipassananti attho. <span class="bld">Evaṃ parisuddhaṃ evaṃ pariyodāta</span>nti tebhūmakesu dhammesu ñātaṃ ‘‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’’ti, evaṃ taṇhādiṭṭhisaṃkilesābhāvena sabbaso visuddhaṃ, parisuddhattā eva pariyodātaṃ. <span class="bld">Na allīyethā</span>ti nikantivasena na nissayetha. <span class="bld">Na kelāyethā</span>ti na mamāyetha. <span class="bld">Na dhanāyethā</span>ti dhanaṃ drabyaṃ na kayirātha. <span class="bld">Ubhayatthā</span>ti samathe vipassanāya ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Asaddhamme</span>tiādīsu asataṃ hīnajjhāsayānaṃ dhammoti <span class="bld">asaddhammo</span>. Gāmavāsīnaṃ dhammoti <span class="bld">gāmadhammo</span>. Kilesānaṃ vassanasabhāvatāya <span class="bld">vasaladhammo</span>. Kilesehi dūsitattā thūlattā ca <span class="bld">duṭṭhullo</span>. Udakasuddhipariyosānatāya <span class="bld">odakantiko</span>. ‘‘Dhammāpi vo pahātabbā’’ti <span class="bld">imināpi ovādena</span> bhikkhū uddissa kathentopi <span class="bld">ariṭṭhaṃyeva niggaṇhāti</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para241"></a><a name="para241_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">241</span>. <span class="bld">Tividhaggāhavasenā</span>ti taṇhāmānadiṭṭhiggāhavasena. Yadi evaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ahaṃ mamāti gaṇhātī’’</span>ti gāhadvayameva kasmā vuttanti? Nayidamevaṃ tatthāpi gāhattayasseva vuttattā. ‘‘Aha’’nti <a name="V2.0085"></a> hi iminā mānadiṭṭhiggāhā vuttā ‘‘ahamasmī’’ti gāhasāmaññato. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhipi diṭṭhiṭṭhānaṃ</span> purimuppannāya diṭṭhiyā uttaradiṭṭhiyā sakkāyadiṭṭhiyā sassatadiṭṭhiyā ca kāraṇabhāvato. <span class="bld">Ārammaṇaṃ</span> pañca khandhā, rūpārammaṇādīni ca. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhiyā paccayo</span> avijjā-phassa-saññā-vitakka-ayonisomanasikāra-pāpamittaparatoghosādiko diṭṭhiyā upanissayādipaccayo. Vuttañhetaṃ <span class="bld">paṭisambhidāyaṃ</span> (paṭi. ma. 1.124)‘‘katamāni aṭṭha diṭṭhiṭṭhānāni avijjāpi phassopi saññāpi vitakkopi ayonisomanasikāropi pāpamittopi paratoghosopi diṭṭhiṭṭhāna’’ntiādi. <span class="bld">Rūpārammaṇā</span>ti ruppanasabhāvadhammārammaṇā. <span class="bld">Rūpaṃ pana attāti na vattabbaṃ</span> idha ‘‘rūpaṃ attato samanupassatī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 3.81, 345) imassa gāhassa anadhippetattā. So hi ‘‘yampi taṃ diṭṭhiṭṭhāna’’ntiādinā parato vuccati. Idha pana ‘‘rūpavantaṃ attānaṃ samanupassati, attani rūpaṃ, rūpasmiṃ attāna’’nti ime tayo gāhā adhippetāti keci, tadayuttaṃ. Yasmā rūpaṃ attā na hoti, attaggāhassa pana ālambanaṃ hoti, attasabhāveyeva vā rūpādidhamme ārabbha attadiṭṭhi uppajjati, na attānaṃ tassa paramatthato anupalabbhanato, tasmā rūpādiārammaṇāva attadiṭṭhīti katvā <a name="M2.0090"></a> vuttaṃ, rūpaṃ pana ‘‘attā’’ti na vattabbanti ayamettha attho. ‘‘Yampi taṃ diṭṭhiṭṭhāna’’ntiādinā pana vipassanāpaṭivipassanā viya diṭṭhianupassanā nāma dassitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Gandharasaphoṭṭhabbāyatanānaṃ sampattagāhindriyavisayatāya patvā gahetabbatā. Tañhi tassa attano visayaṃ paribhutvā sambandhaṃ hutvā gaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Avasesāni sattāyatanāni viññātaṃ nāma</span> manasā viññātabbato. Aññathā itaresampi viññātatā siyā. <span class="bld">Patta</span>nti adhigataṃ. <span class="bld">Pariyesita</span>nti gavesitaṃ. <span class="bld">Anuvicarita</span>nti cintitaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘manasā’’</span>ti. Ettha ca pattapariyesanānaṃ apaṭikkhepassa, visuṃ, ekajjhaṃ paṭikkhepassa ca vasena catukkoṭikaṃ dassetvā pattapariyesitehi anuvicaritassa bhedaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘lokasmiñhī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Pariyesitvā pattaṃ</span> paṭhamaṃ cetasā pacchā kāyena pattattā <span class="bld">pattaṃ nāma. Pariyesitvā nopattaṃ pariyesitaṃ nāma</span> kevalaṃ pariyesitabhāvato. <span class="bld">Apariyesitvā pattañca nopattañca</span> manasā anuvicaritabbato <span class="bld">manasānuvicaritaṃ nāma</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ayañca vikappo ākulo viyāti <span class="bld">‘‘atha vā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Pattaṭṭhenā</span>ti pattabhāvena pattatāsāmaññena. <span class="bld">Apariyesitvā nopattaṃ manasānuvicaritaṃ nāma</span> pattiyā pariyesanāya ca abhāvato. <span class="bld">Sabbaṃ vā eta</span>nti ‘‘pariyesitvā pattampī’’tiādinā vuttaṃ catubbidhampi. <span class="bld">Iminā</span>ti ‘‘yampi taṃ diṭṭhiṭṭhānaṃ’’tiādivacanena. <span class="bld">Viññāṇārammaṇā taṇhāmānadiṭṭhiyo kathitā</span> pārisesañāyena<a name="V2.0086"></a>. Evaṃ pārisesañāyapariggahe kiṃ payojananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘desanāvilāsenā’’</span>tiādi. Yesaṃ vineyyānaṃ desetabbadhammassa sarūpaṃ anāmasitvā ārammaṇakicca-sampayuttadhamma-phalavisesādi-pakārantaravibhāvanena paṭivedho hoti, tesaṃ tappakārabhedehi dhammehi, yesaṃ pana yena ekeneva pakārena sarūpeneva vā vibhāvane kate paṭivedho hoti, tesaṃ taṃ vatvā dhammissarattā tadaññaṃ niravasesākāravibhāvanañca <span class="bld">desanāvilāso</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘diṭṭhādiārammaṇavasena viññāṇaṃ dassita’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Diṭṭhiṭṭhāna</span>nti diṭṭhi eva diṭṭhiṭṭhānaṃ, taṃ heṭṭhā vuttanayameva. Yaṃ rūpaṃ esā diṭṭhi ‘‘loko ca attā cā’’ti gaṇhāti. Taṃ rūpaṃ sandhāya ‘‘so loko so attā’’ti vacanaṃ vuttanti yojanā. <span class="bld">So pecca</span> <span class="bld">bhavissāmī</span>ti <a name="M2.0091"></a> uddhamāghātanikavādavasenāyaṃ diṭṭhīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘so ahaṃ paralokaṃ gantvā nicco bhavissāmī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Dhuvo</span>ti thiro. <span class="bld">Sassato</span>ti sabbadābhāvī. <span class="bld">Avipariṇāmadhammo</span>ti jarāya maraṇena ca avipariṇāmetabbasabhāvo, nibbikāroti attho. <span class="bld">Tampi dassana</span>nti tampi tathāvuttaṃ diṭṭhidassanaṃ attānaṃ viya taṇhādiṭṭhiggāhavisesena gaṇhāti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘etaṃ mamā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhārammaṇā</span>ti diṭṭhivisayā. Kathaṃ pana diṭṭhi diṭṭhivisayā hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vipassanāyā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Paṭivipassanākāle</span>ti yamakato sammasanādikālaṃ sandhāyāha. Tattha akkharacintakānaṃ sadde viya, vedajjhāyīnaṃ vedasatthe viya ca diṭṭhiyaṃ diṭṭhigatikānaṃ diṭṭhiggāhappavatti daṭṭhabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samanupassatī</span>ti padassa ca tasso samanupassanā atthoti yojanā. Tena samanupassanā nāma catubbidhāti dasseti. Tattha ñāṇaṃ tāva samavisamaṃ sammā yāthāvato anupassatīti <span class="bld">samanupassanā</span>. Itarā pana saṃkilesavasena anu anu passantīti <span class="bld">samanupassanā</span>. Yadi evaṃ hotu tāva diṭṭhisamanupassanā micchādassanabhāvato, kathaṃ taṇhāmānāti? Taṇhāyapi sattānaṃ pāpakaraṇe upāyadassanavasena paññāpatirūpikā pavatti labbhateva, yāya vañcananikatisāciyogā sambhavanti. Mānopi seyyādinā dassanavaseneva tathā attānaṃ ūhatīti taṇhāmānānaṃ samanupassanāpatirūpikā pavatti labbhatīti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Avijjamāne</span>ti ‘‘etaṃ mamā’’ti evaṃ gahetabbe taṇhāvatthusmiṃ ajjhattakhandhapañcake anupalabbhamāne vinaṭṭhe. <span class="bld">Na paritassati</span> bhayaparittāsataṇhāparittāsānaṃ maggena samugghātitattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para242"></a><a name="para242_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">242</span>. <span class="bld">Catūhi kāraṇehī</span>ti ‘‘asati na paritassatī’’ti vuttampi itarehi tīhi saha gahetvā vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Catūhi kāraṇehī</span>ti catukkoṭikasuññatākathanassa kāraṇehi. <span class="bld">Bahiddhā asatī</span>ti bāhire <a name="V2.0087"></a> vatthusmiṃ avijjamāne. Sā panassa avijjamānatā laddhavināsena vā aladdhālābhena vāti pāḷiyaṃ – ‘‘ahu vata me, taṃ vata me natthi, siyā vata me, taṃ vatāhaṃ na labhāmī’’ti vuttanti tadubhayaṃ parikkhāravasena vibhajitvā tattha paritassanaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘bahiddhā parikkhāravināse’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">yānaṃ</span> ‘‘ratho vayha’’nti evamādi. <span class="bld">Vāhanaṃ</span> hatthiassādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yehi</span> <a name="M2.0092"></a> <span class="bld">kilesehī</span>ti yehi asantapatthanādīhi kilesehi. <span class="bld">Evaṃ bhaveyyā</span>ti evaṃ ‘‘ahu vata me’’tiādinā codanādi bhaveyya. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhiṭṭhānādhiṭṭhānapariyuṭṭhānābhinivesānusayāna</span>nti ettha aparāparaṃ pavattāsu diṭṭhīsu yā parato uppannā diṭṭhiyo, tāsaṃ purimuppannā diṭṭhiyo kāraṇaṭṭhena <span class="bld">diṭṭhiṭṭhānāni</span>. Adhikaraṇaṭṭhena <span class="bld">diṭṭhādhiṭṭhānāni,</span> pariyuṭṭhānappattiyā sabbāpi <span class="bld">diṭṭhipariyuṭṭhānāni</span>. ‘‘Idameva saccaṃ moghamañña’’nti (ma. ni. 2.202, 427; 3.27-29; udā. 55; mahāni. 20; netti. 59) pavattiyā <span class="bld">abhinivesā</span>. Appahīnabhāvena santāne sayantīti <span class="bld">anusayā</span>ti evaṃ diṭṭhiṭṭhānādīnaṃ padānaṃ vibhāgo veditabbo. Taṇhādīhi kampaniyatāya sabbasaṅkhārāva iñjitānīti <span class="bld">sabbasaṅkhāraiñjitāni</span>. Sesapadadvayepi eseva nayo. Upadhīyati ettha dukkhanti upadhi, khandhāva upadhi <span class="bld">khandhūpadhi</span>. Esa nayo sesesupi. Tadeva ca āgamma taṇhā khīyati virajjati nirujjhatīti yojanā. <span class="bld">Ucchijjissāmi nāmassū</span>tiādīsu nipātamattaṃ, saṃsaye vā. <span class="bld">Tāso</span>ti attaniyābhāvaṃ paṭicca taṇhāparittāso ceva bhayaparittāso ca. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tāso heso’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">No cassaṃ,</span> <span class="bld">no ca me siyā</span>ti ‘‘aha’’nti kira koci no cassaṃ, ‘‘me’’ti ca kiñci no siyāti. Tāsappatīkāradassanañhetaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para243"></a><a name="para243_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">243</span>. <span class="bld">Ettāvatā</span>ti ‘‘evaṃ vutte’’tiādinā, pucchānusandhivasena pavattāya ‘‘chayimāni, bhikkhave, diṭṭhiṭṭhānānī’’tiādinā (ma. ni. 1.241) vā. Sāpi hi ajjhattakhandhavināse paritassanakaṃ dassetvā aparitassanakaṃ dassentī pavattāti tassanakassa suññatādassanaṃ akiccasādhakampi suññatādassanamevāti imesaṃ vasena <span class="bld">‘‘catukkoṭikā suññatā kathitā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Bahiddhā parikkhāra</span>nti bāhiraṃ saviññāṇakaṃ aviññāṇakañca sattopakaraṇaṃ. Tañhi jīvitavuttiyā parikkhārakaṭṭhena ‘‘parikkhāro’’ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Pariggahaṃ nāma katvā</span>ti <span class="bld">‘‘mama</span> ida’’nti pariggahetabbatāya pariggahitaṃ nāma katvā. Sabbopi diṭṭhiggāho ‘‘attā nicco dhuvo sassato, attā ucchijjati vinassatī’’tiādinā attadiṭṭhisannissayoyevāti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sakkāyadiṭṭhipamukhā dvāsaṭṭhidiṭṭhiyo’’</span>ti. Ayāthāvaggāhinā abhinivesanapaññāpanānaṃ upatthambhabhāvato diṭṭhi eva nissayoti <span class="bld">diṭṭhinissayo. Pariggaṇheyyā</span>ti niccādivisesayuttaṃ katvā <a name="V2.0088"></a> pariggaṇheyya. Kimevaṃ pariggahetuṃ sakkuṇeyya<a name="M2.0093"></a>? <span class="bld">Sabbatthā</span>ti ‘‘taṃ, bhikkhave, attavādupādānaṃ upādiyetha, taṃ, bhikkhave, diṭṭhinissayaṃ nissayethā’’ti etesupi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para244"></a><a name="para244_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">244</span>. <span class="bld">Attani vā satī</span>ti yassa attano santakabhāvena kiñci attaniyanti vucceyya, tasmiṃ attani sati, so eva pana attā paramatthato natthīti adhippāyo. Sakkā hi vattuṃ bāhirakaparikappito attā ‘‘paramattho’’ti? Siyā khandhapañcakaṃ ñeyyasabhāvattā yathā taṃ ghaṭo, yadi pana tadaññaṃ nāma kiñci abhavissa, na taṃ niyamato viparītaṃ siyāti? Na ca so paramatthato atthi pamāṇehi anupalabbhamānattā turaṅgamavisāṇaṃ viyāti. <span class="bld">Attaniye vā parikkhāre satī</span>ti ‘‘idaṃ nāma attano santaka’’nti tassa kiñcanabhāvena nicchite kismiñci vatthusmiṃ sati. Attano idanti hi attaniyanti. <span class="bld">Ahanti satī</span>ti ‘‘ahaṃ nāmāya’’nti ahaṃkāravatthubhūte paramatthato niddhāritasarūpe kismiñci sati tassa santakabhāvena mamāti kiñci gahetuṃ yuttaṃ bhaveyya. <span class="bld">Mamāti sati ‘‘aha’’</span>nti etthāpi eseva nayo. Iti paramatthato attano anupalabbhamānattā attaniyaṃ kiñci paramatthato natthevāti sabbasaṅkhārānaṃ anattatāya anattaniyataṃ, anattaniyatāya ca anattakataṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Bhūtato</span>ti bhūtatthato. <span class="bld">Tathato</span>ti tathasabhāvato. <span class="bld">Thirato</span>ti ṭhitasabhāvato nibbikārato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yasmā hutvā na hotī</span>ti yasmā pubbe asantaṃ paccayasamavāyena hutvā uppajjitvā puna bhaṅgupagamena na hoti, tasmā na niccanti <span class="bld">aniccaṃ,</span> adhuvanti attho. Tato eva <span class="bld">uppādavayavattito</span>ti uppajjanavasena nirujjhanavasena ca pavattanato. Sabhāvavigamo idha <span class="bld">vipariṇāmo,</span> khaṇikatā <span class="bld">tāvakālikatā,</span> niccasabhāvābhāvo <span class="bld">eva niccapaṭikkhepo</span>. Aniccadhammā hi teneva attano aniccabhāvena atthato niccataṃ paṭikkhipanti nāma. Tathā hi vuttaṃ ‘‘na niccanti anicca’’nti. Uppādajarābhaṅgavasena rūpassa nirantarabādhatāti paṭipīḷanākārenassa <span class="bld">dukkhatā. Santāpo</span> dukkhadukkhatādivasena santāpanaṃ paridahanaṃ, tato evassa dussahatāya <span class="bld">dukkhamatā</span>. Tissannaṃ dukkhatānaṃ saṃsāradukkhassa ca adhiṭṭhānatāya <span class="bld">dukkhavatthukatā</span>. Sukhasabhāvābhāvo eva <span class="bld">sukhapaṭikkhepo</span>. <span class="bld">Vipariṇāmadhamma</span>nti jarāya maraṇena ca vipariṇamanasabhāvaṃ. Yasmā idaṃ rūpaṃ paccayasamavāyena <a name="M2.0094"></a> uppādaṃ, uppādānantaraṃ jaraṃ patvā avassameva bhijjati, bhinnañca bhinnameva, nāssa kassaci saṅkamoti bhavantarānupagamanasaṅkhātena saṅkamābhāvena vipariṇāmadhammataṃ pākaṭaṃ kātuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘bhavasaṅkanti upagamanasabhāva’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Pakatibhāvavijahanaṃ</span> sabhāvavigamo nirujjhanameva. Nti aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ rūpaṃ. <span class="bld">Iminā</span>ti ‘‘no hetaṃ, bhante’’ti rūpassa taṇhādiggāhānaṃ vatthubhāvapaṭikkhepena. Rūpañhi uppannaṃ ṭhitiṃ <a name="V2.0089"></a> mā pāpuṇātu, ṭhitippattaṃ mā jīratu, jarappattaṃ mā bhijjatu, udayabbayehi mā kilamiyatūti na ettha kassaci vasībhāvo atthi, svāyamassa avasavattanaṭṭho anattatāsallakkhaṇassa kāraṇaṃ hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘avasavattanākārena rūpaṃ, bhante, anattāti paṭijānantī’’</span>ti. Nivāsikārakavedakaadhiṭṭhāyakavirahena tato suññatā <span class="bld">suññaṭṭho,</span> sāmibhūtassa kassaci abhāvo <span class="bld">assāmikaṭṭho,</span> yathāvuttavasavattibhāvābhāvo <span class="bld">anissaraṭṭho,</span> paraparikappitaattasabhāvābhāvo eva <span class="bld">attapaṭikkhepaṭṭho</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā aniccalakkhaṇena viya dukkhalakkhaṇaṃ, tadubhayena anattalakkhaṇaṃ suviññāpayaṃ, na kevalaṃ, tasmā tadubhayenettha anattalakkhaṇavibhāvanaṃ katanti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘bhagavā hī’’ti</span>ādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">aniccavasenā</span>ti aniccatāvasena. <span class="bld">Dukkhavasenā</span>ti dukkhatāvasena. <span class="bld">Na upapajjatī</span>ti na yujjati. Tameva ayujjamānataṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘cakkhussa uppādopī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Yasmā attavādī attānaṃ niccaṃ paññapeti, cakkhuṃ pana aniccaṃ, tasmā cakkhu viya attāpi anicco āpanno. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yassa kho panā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">vetī</span>ti vigacchati nirujjhati. <span class="bld">Iti cakkhu anattā</span>ti cakkhussa udayabbayavantatāya aniccatā, attano ca attavādinā aniccatāya anicchitattā cakkhu anattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāmaṃ <span class="bld">anattalakkhaṇasutte</span> (saṃ. ni. 3.59; mahāva. 20) – ‘‘yasmā ca kho, bhikkhave, rūpaṃ anattā, tasmā rūpaṃ ābādhāya saṃvattatī’’ti rūpassa anattatāya dukkhatā vibhāvitā viya dissati, tathāpi ‘‘yasmā rūpaṃ ābādhāya saṃvattati, tasmā anattā’’ti pākaṭatāya sābādhatāya rūpassa attasārābhāvo vibhāvito, tato eva ca ‘‘na labbhati rūpe evaṃ me rūpaṃ hotu, evaṃ me rūpaṃ mā ahosī’’ti rūpe kassaci anissaratā, tassa ca avasavattanākāro dassitoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘dukkhavasena anattataṃ</span> <a name="M2.0095"></a> <span class="bld">dassetī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Yadaniccaṃ taṃ dukkha</span>nti yaṃ vatthu aniccaṃ, taṃ dukkhaṃ udayabbayapaṭipīḷitattā, yaṃ pana niccaṃ tadabhāvato, taṃ sukhaṃ yathā taṃ nibbānanti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Yaṃ ta</span>nti kāraṇaniddesovāyaṃ, yasmā rūpaṃ aniccaṃ, taṃ tasmāti attho. <span class="bld">Yaṃ dukkhaṃ tadanattā</span>ti ettha vuttanayeneva attho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Anicca</span>nti iminā ghaṭādi viya paccayuppannattā rūpaṃ aniccanti imamatthaṃ dasseti. Imināva nayena ‘‘anattā’’ti vattuṃ labbhamānepi <span class="bld">‘‘anattā’’ti vattā nāma natthi. Evaṃ dukkhanti vadantī</span>ti etthāpi yathārahaṃ vattabbaṃ ‘‘akkhisūlādivikārappattakāle viya paccayuppannattā dukkhaṃ rūpa’’ntiādinā. <span class="bld">Duddasaṃ duppaññāpanaṃ</span>. Tathā hi sarabhaṅgādayopi satthāro nāddasaṃsu, kuto paññāpanā. <span class="bld">Tayidaṃ</span> anattalakkhaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tasmātihā</span>tiādinā <a name="V2.0090"></a> tiyaddhagatarūpaṃ lakkhaṇattayaṃ āropetvā vuttanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘etarahi aññadāpī’’</span>ti. Taṃ pana yādisaṃ tādisampi tathā vuttanti ajjhattādivisesopi vattabbo. <span class="bld">Pi</span>-saddena vā tassāpi saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para245"></a><a name="para245_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">245</span>. <span class="bld">Ukkaṇṭhatī</span>ti nābhiramati. Aññattha ‘‘nibbidā’’ti balavavipassanā vuccati, sānulomā pana saṅkhārupekkhā ‘‘vuṭṭhānagāminī’’ti, sā idha kathaṃ nibbidā nāma jātāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vuṭṭhānagāminivipassanāya hī’’</span>tiādi. Iminā sikhāpattanibbedatāya vuṭṭhānagāminī idha nibbidānāmena vuttāti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘So anupubbena saññaggaṃ phusatī’’ti (dī. ni. 1.414, 415) vatvā ‘‘saññā kho poṭṭhapāda paṭhamaṃ uppajjati, pacchā ñāṇa’’nti (dī. ni. 1.416) vuttattā <span class="bld">saññagganti vuttā</span> lokiyāsu pahānasaññāsu sikhāpattabhāvato. <span class="bld">Dhammaṭṭhitiñāṇanti vuttā</span> idappaccayatādassanassa matthakappattīti katvā. Tato parañhi asaṅkhatārammaṇaṃ ñāṇaṃ hoti. Tenāha – ‘‘pubbe kho susima dhammaṭṭhitiñāṇaṃ, pacchā nibbāne ñāṇa’’nti (saṃ. ni. 2.70). <span class="bld">Pārisuddhipadhāniyaṅganti vuttā</span> maggādhigamassa paripanthabhūtasabbasaṃkilesavisuddhi padhānikassa yogino, padhānabhāvanāya vā jātaṃ aṅganti katvā. <span class="bld">Paṭipadāñāṇadassanavisuddhīti vuttā</span> paramukkaṃsagatapaṭipadāñāṇadassanavisuddhibhāvato. <span class="bld">Atammayata</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">tammayatā nāma</span> taṇhā, kāmataṇhādīsu tāya tāya nibbattattā tammayaṃ nāma tebhūmikappavattaṃ, tassa <a name="M2.0096"></a> bhāvoti katvā. Tassā taṇhāya pariyādānato vuṭṭhānagāminivipassanā <span class="bld">atammayatā</span>ti vuccati. <span class="bld">Nissāyā</span>ti taṃ atammayataṃ paccayaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Āgammā</span>ti tasseva vevacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Nānattā</span>ti nānāsabhāvā bahū anekappakārā. <span class="bld">Nānattasitā</span>ti nānārammaṇanissitā rūpādivisayā. <span class="bld">Ekattā</span>ti ekasabhāvā. <span class="bld">Ekattasitā</span>ti ekaṃyeva ārammaṇaṃ nissitā. <span class="bld">Taṃ nissāyā</span>ti taṃ ekattasitaṃ upekkhaṃ paccayaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Etissā</span>ti etissā upekkhāya. <span class="bld">Pahānaṃ hotī</span>ti aññāṇupekkhato pabhuti sabbaṃ upekkhaṃ pajahitvā ṭhitassa ‘‘atammayatā’’ti vuttāya vuṭṭhānagāminivipassanāya arūpāvacarasamāpattiupekkhāya vipassanupekkhāya ca pahānaṃ hotīti <span class="bld">pariyādānanti vuttā</span>ti. Sabbasaṅkhāragatassa muñcitukamyatāpaṭisaṅkhānassa sikhāpattabhāvato vuṭṭhānagāminī muñcitukamyatā paṭisaṅkhānanti ca vuttā. Mudumajjhādivasena pavattiākāramattaṃ, atthato <a name="V2.0091"></a> <span class="bld">ekatthā</span> muñcitukamyatādayo, <span class="bld">byañjanameva nānaṃ. Dvīhi nāmehī</span>ti gotrabhu, vodānanti imehi dvīhi nāmehi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Virāgoti maggo,</span> accantameva virajjati etenāti <span class="bld">virāgo,</span> tena. <span class="bld">Maggena</span> hetubhūtena. <span class="bld">Vimuccatī</span>ti paṭippassaddhivimuttivasena vimuccati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘phalaṃ kathita’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mahākhīṇāsavo</span>ti pasaṃsāvacanaṃ yathā ‘‘mahārājā’’ti. Tathā hi taṃ pasaṃsanto satthā <span class="bld">‘‘ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ukkhittapaligho itipī’’</span>tiādimāhāti. Tadatthaṃ vivarituṃ <span class="bld">‘‘idāni tassā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Yathābhūtehī</span>ti yāthāvato bhūtehi. <span class="bld">Durukkhipanaṭṭhenā</span>ti pacurajanehi ukkhipituṃ asakkuṇeyyabhāvena. Nibbānanagarappavese vibandhanena paligho viyāti <span class="bld">palighoti vuccati</span>. Matthakacchinno tālo pattaphalādīnaṃ anaṅgato tālāvatthu asive ‘‘sivā’’ti samaññā viya. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sīsacchinnatālo viya katā’’</span>ti. Punabbhavassa karaṇasīlo, punabbhavaṃ vā phalaṃ arahatīti <span class="bld">ponobhaviko</span>. Evaṃbhūto pana punabbhavaṃ deti nāmāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘punabbhavadāyako’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Punabbhavakhandhānaṃ paccayo</span>ti iminā jātisaṃsāroti phalūpacārena kāraṇaṃ vuttanti dasseti. <span class="bld">Parikkhāti vuccati</span> santānassa parikkhipanato. <span class="bld">Saṃkiṇṇattā</span>ti sabbaso kiṇṇattā vināsitattā. <span class="bld">Gabbhīrānugataṭṭhenā</span>ti gambhīraṃ anupaviṭṭhaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Luñcitvā</span>ti <a name="M2.0097"></a> uddharitvā. <span class="bld">Etānī</span>ti kāmarāgasaññojanādīni. <span class="bld">Aggaḷāti vuccanti</span> avadhāraṇaṭṭhena. Aggamaggena patito mānaddhajo etassāti <span class="bld">patitamānaddhajo</span>. Itarabhāroropanassa purimapadehi pakāsitattā <span class="bld">‘‘mānabhārasseva oropitattā pannabhāroti adhippeto’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Mānasaṃyogeneva visaṃyuttattā</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo. Pañcapi khandhe avisesato asmīti gahetvā pavattamāno ‘‘asmimāno’’ti adhippetoti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘rūpe asmīti māno’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nagaradvārassa parissayapaṭibāhanatthañceva sobhanatthañca ubhosu passesu esikatthambhe nikhaṇitvā ṭhapentīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘nagaradvāre ussāpite esikatthambhe’’</span>ti. Pākāraviddhaṃsaneneva parikkhāya bhūmisamakaraṇaṃ hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pākāraṃ bhindanto parikkhaṃ saṃkiritvā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Eva</span>ntiādi upamāsaṃsandanaṃ. Santo saṃvijjamāno kāyo dhammasamūhoti <span class="bld">sakkāyo,</span> upādānakkhandhapañcakaṃ. <span class="bld">Dvattiṃsa kammakāraṇā</span> dukkhakkhandhe āgatā. Akkhirogasīsarogādayo <span class="bld">aṭṭhanavuti rogā</span>. Rājabhayādīni <span class="bld">pañcavīsati mahābhayāni</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para246"></a><a name="para246_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">246</span>. <span class="bld">Anadhigamanīyaviññāṇata</span>nti <a name="V2.0092"></a> ‘‘idaṃ nāma nissāya iminā nāma ākārena pavattatī’’ti evaṃ duviññeyyacittataṃ. <span class="bld">Anvesa</span>nti paccatte ekavacananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘anvesanto’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sattopi tathāgatoti vuccati</span> ‘‘tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 1.65) viya. Satto hi yatheko kammakilesehi itthattaṃ āgato, tathā aparopi āgatoti ‘‘tathāgato’’ti vuccati. <span class="bld">Uttamapuggalo</span>ti bhagavantaṃ sandhāya vadati. <span class="bld">Khīṇāsavopī</span>ti yo koci khīṇāsavopi ‘‘tathāgato’’ti adhippeto. Sopi hi yatheko catūsu satipaṭṭhānesu sūpaṭṭhitacitto satta bojjhaṅge yathābhūtaṃ bhāvetvā anuttaraṃ arahattaṃ āgato adhigato, tathā aparopi āgatoti ‘‘tathāgato’’ti vuccati. <span class="bld">Asaṃvijjamāno</span>ti paramatthato anupalabbhanīyo. <span class="bld">Avindeyyo</span>ti na vinditabbo, duviññeyyoti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tathāgato satto puggaloti na paññapemi</span> paramatthato sattasseva abhāvatoti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Kiṃ paññapessāmi</span> paññattiupādānassapi dharamānakassa <a name="M2.0098"></a> abhāvato. ‘‘Anuppādo khemaṃ, anuppatti khema’’ntiādinā asaṅkhatāya dhātuyā pakkhandhanavasena pavattaṃ aggaphalasamāpattiatthaṃ <span class="bld">vipassanācittaṃ vā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tucchā</span>ti karaṇe nissakkavacananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tucchakenā’’</span>ti. Vinayatīti vinayo, so eva <span class="bld">venayiko. Tathā ma</span>nti tathābhūtaṃ maṃ. Paramatthato vijjamānassa hi sattassa abhāvaṃ vadanto sattavināsapaññāpako ca nāma siyā, ahaṃ pana paramatthato avijjamānaṃ taṃ ‘‘natthī’’ti vadāmi. Yathā ca loko voharati, tatheva taṃ voharāmi, tathābhūtaṃ maṃ ye samaṇabrāhmaṇā ‘‘venayiko samaṇo gotamo’’ti vadantā asatā tucchā musā abhūtena abbhācikkhantīti yojanā. Appaṭisandhikassa khīṇāsavassa carimacittaṃ nirupādānato anupādāno viya jātavedo parinibbutaṃ idaṃ nāma nissitanti na paññāyatīti vadanto kimettāvatā ucchedavādī bhaveyya, nāhaṃ kadācipi atthi, nāpi koci atthīti vadāmi. Evaṃ sante kiṃ nissāya te moghapurisā sato sattassa nāma ucchedaṃ vināsaṃ vibhavaṃ paññapetīti vadantā asatā…pe… abbhācikkhantīti ayamettha adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mahābodhimaṇḍamhīti bodhimaṇḍa</span>ggahaṇena sattasattāhamāha. Tena dhammacakkapavattanato (saṃ. ni. 5.1081; mahāva. 13; paṭi. ma. 2.30) pubbe vuttaṃ tantidesanaṃ vadati<a name="V2.0093"></a>. <span class="bld">Catusaccameva paññapemī</span>ti etena saccavimuttā satthudesanā natthīti dasseti. Ettha ca – ‘‘pubbe ceva etarahi ca dukkhañceva paññapemi dukkhassa ca nirodha’’nti vadanto bhagavā nāhaṃ kadācipi ‘‘attā ucchijjati, vinassatī’’ti vā, ‘‘attā nāma koci atthī’’ti vā vadāmi. Evaṃ sante kiṃ nissāya te moghapurisā ‘‘sato sattassa ucchedaṃ vināsaṃ vibhavaṃ paññapetī’’ti asatā tucchena abbhācikkhantīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Pare</span>ti amāmakā, mama ovādassa abhājanabhūtāti atthoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘saccāni…pe… asamatthapuggalā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Adhippāyenā</span>ti iminā tesaṃ adhippāyamattaṃ, rosanavihesanāni pana tathāgatassa ākāsassa vilikhanaṃ viya na sambhavantiyevāti dasseti. Āhanati cittanti <span class="bld">āghāto</span>. Appatītā honti etenāti <span class="bld">appaccayo</span>. Cittaṃ na abhirādhayatīti <span class="bld">anabhiraddhi. Atuṭṭhī</span>ti tuṭṭhipaṭipakkho tathāpavatto cittuppādo, kodho eva vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pare</span>ti <a name="M2.0099"></a> aññe ekacce. Ānandanti pamodanti etenāti <span class="bld">ānando,</span> pītiyā evetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Sobhanamanatā <span class="bld">somanassaṃ,</span> cetasikasukhassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Uppilati purimāvatthāya bhijjati visesaṃ āpajjatīti uppilaṃ, tadeva uppilāvitaṃ, tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">uppilāvitattaṃ</span>. Yāya uppannāya kāyacittaṃ vātapūritabhattā viya uddhumāyanākārappattaṃ hoti, tassā gehassitāya odaggiyapītiyā etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Saccāni paṭivijjhituṃ asamatthā</span>ti dukkhameva uppajjati nirujjhati ca, na añño satto nāma atthīti evaṃ jānituṃ asamatthā ‘‘attā nāma atthī’’ti evaṃdiṭṭhino appahīnavipallāsā. Uttamaṃ pasādanīyaṭṭhānaṃ <span class="bld">tathāgatampi akkosanti,</span> kimaṅgaṃ pana bhikkhūti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para247"></a><a name="para247_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">247</span>. Anattaniyepi khandhapañcake micchāgāhavasena attaniyasaññāya pavattassa chandarāgassa pahānaṃ. <span class="bld">Amhākaṃ neva attā</span>ti yasmā rūpavedanādiyeva attaggāhavatthu tabbinimuttassa lobhaneyyassa abhāvato. Etaṃ tiṇakaṭṭhasākhāpalāsaṃ na amhākaṃ rūpaṃ, na viññāṇaṃ, tasmā amhākaṃ neva attāti yojanā. Ajjhattikassa vatthuno neva attāti paṭikkhittattā bāhiravatthu attaniyabhāvena paṭikkhittaṃ hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘amhākaṃ cīvarādiparikkhāropi na hotī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Khandhapañcakaṃyevā</span>ti bāhiravatthuṃ nidassanaṃ katvā khandhapañcakaṃyeva <span class="bld">na tumhākanti pajahāpeti. Na uppāṭetvā</span> kandaṃ viya. <span class="bld">Na luñcitvā vā</span> kese viyāti. Iminā rūpādīnaṃ nāmamukhena pahānaṃ icchanti. Ulliṅgitamatthaṃ <span class="bld">chandarāgavinayena pajahāpetī</span>ti sarūpato dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para248"></a><a name="para248_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">248</span>. ‘‘Taṃ <a name="V2.0094"></a> kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, rūpaṃ niccaṃ vā’’tiādi desanā <span class="bld">tiparivaṭṭaṃ. Yāva imaṃ ṭhāna</span>nti ‘‘evaṃ svākkhāto’’ti yāvāyaṃ pāḷipadeso. Suviññeyyabhāvena akkhātattāpi <span class="bld">svākkhāto</span>ti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sukathitattā eva uttāno vivaṭo pakāsito’’</span>ti. Tiriyaṃ vidāraṇena <span class="bld">chinnaṃ,</span> dīghaso phālanena <span class="bld">bhinnaṃ,</span> tato eva tattha tattha sibbitagaṇṭhikatajiṇṇavatthaṃ pilotikā, tadabhāvato <span class="bld">chinnapilotiko,</span> pilotikarahitoti attho. Iriyāpatha-saṇṭhapanaavijjamānajhāna-vipassanāni chinnāya avijjamānāya paṭipattiyā sibbanagaṇṭhikaraṇasadisāni, tādisaṃ idha natthīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘na hettha…pe… atthī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Patiṭṭhātuṃ na labhatī</span>ti pesalehi <a name="M2.0100"></a> saddhiṃ saṃvāsavasenapi patiṭṭhātuṃ na labhati, visesādhigamavasena pana vattabbameva natthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāraṇḍavaṃ niddhamathā</span>ti vipannasīlatāya kacavarabhūtaṃ puggalaṃ kacavaramiva nirapekkhā apanetha. <span class="bld">Kasambuñcāpakassathā</span>ti kasaṭabhūtañca naṃ khattiyādīnaṃ majjhagataṃ sambhinnaṃ paggharitakuṭṭhaṃ caṇḍālaṃ viya apakassatha nikkaḍḍhatha. Kiṃ kāraṇaṃ? Saṅghārāmo nāma sīlavantānaṃ kato, na dussīlānaṃ, yato etadeva. <span class="bld">Tato palāpe vāhetha, assamaṇe samaṇamānine</span>ti yathā palāpā antosārarahitā ataṇḍulā bahi thusena vīhi viya dissanti, evaṃ pāpabhikkhū antosīlarahitāpi bahi kāsāvādiparikkhārena bhikkhū viya dissanti, tasmā ‘‘palāpā’’ti vuccanti, te palāpe vāhetha odhunātha vidhamatha. Paramatthato assamaṇe vesamattena samaṇamānine evaṃ <span class="bld">niddhamitvāna…pe…</span> <span class="bld">patissatā</span>ti. Tattha <span class="bld">kappayavho</span>ti kappetha, karothāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Patissatā</span>ti pati pati satā sampajānantā suṭṭhu pajānantā. <span class="bld">Patissatā</span> vā sappatissā aññamaññaṃ sagāravā. Athevaṃ suddhā suddhehi saṃvāsaṃ kappentā diṭṭhisīlasāmaññena <span class="bld">samaggā</span>. Anukkamena paripākagatapaññatāya <span class="bld">nipakā</span>. Sabbassevimassa dukkhavaṭṭassa <span class="bld">antaṃ karissatha,</span> parinibbānaṃ pāpuṇissathāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vaṭṭaṃ tesaṃ natthi paññāpanāya</span> sabbaso samucchinnavaṭṭamūlakattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dhammaṃ anussaranti, dhammassa vā anussaraṇasīlāti <span class="bld">dhammānusārino</span>. Evaṃ <span class="bld">saddhānusārino</span>pi veditabbā. <span class="bld">Paṭipannassā</span>ti paṭipajjamānassa, sotāpattimaggaṭṭhopi adhippeto. <span class="bld">Adhimatta</span>nti balavaṃ. <span class="bld">Paññāvāhī</span>ti paññaṃ vāheti, paññā vā imaṃ puggalaṃ vahatīti paññāvāhītipi vadanti. <span class="bld">Paññāpubbaṅgama</span>nti paññaṃ purecārikaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ vuccatī</span>ti ayaṃ evarūpo puggalo paññāsaṅkhātena dhammena sarati anussaratīti <span class="bld">dhammānusārī</span>. <span class="bld">Saddhāvāhī</span>ti saddhaṃ vāheti, saddhā vā <a name="V2.0095"></a> imaṃ puggalaṃ vahatīti saddhāvāhītipi vadanti. <span class="bld">Saddhāpubbaṅgama</span>nti saddhaṃ purecārikaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ vuccatī</span>ti ayaṃ evarūpo puggalo saddhāya sarati anussaratīti saddhānusārī. <span class="bld">Saddhāmatta</span>nti ‘‘itipi so bhagavā’’tiādinā buddhasubuddhatāya saddahanamattaṃ. Matta-saddena aveccappasādaṃ nivatteti. <span class="bld">Pemamatta</span>nti yathāvuttasaddhānusārena uppannaṃ tuṭṭhimattaṃ. Sinehoti keci. <span class="bld">Evaṃ vipassanaṃ paṭṭhapetvā nisinnānanti</span> <a name="M2.0101"></a> kalāpasammasanādivasena āraddhavipassanānaṃ. <span class="bld">Ekā saddhā</span>ti vipassanānusārena svākkhātadhammatā siddhā, tato eva ekā seṭṭhā uḷārā saddhā uppajjati. <span class="bld">Ekaṃ pema</span>nti etthāpi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Sagge ṭhapitā viya hontī</span>ti tesaṃ saddhāpemānaṃ saggasaṃvattaniyatāya abyabhicārībhāvamāha. <span class="bld">Cūḷasotāpannoti vadanti</span> ekadesena saccānubodhe ṭhitattā. Sesaṃ suviññeyyameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Alagaddūpamasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.</p>
<p class="subhead">3. Vammikasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para249"></a><a name="para249_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">249</span>. <span class="bld">Piyavacana</span>nti <a name="V2.0096"></a> piyasamudācāro. Viññujātikā hi paraṃ piyena samudācarantā ‘‘bhava’’nti vā, ‘‘devānaṃ piyo’’ti vā, ‘‘āyasmā’’ti vā samudācaranti, tasmā sammukhā sambodhanavasena ‘‘āvuso’’ti, tirokkhaṃ ‘‘āyasmā’’ti ayampi samudācāro. Mahākassapauruvelakassapādayo aññepi kassapanāmakā atthīti <span class="bld">‘‘katarassa kassapassā’’</span>ti pucchanti. <span class="bld">Raññā</span>ti kosalaraññā. <span class="bld">‘‘Sañjāniṃsū’’</span>ti saṅkhepato vuttamatthaṃ vivarituṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ayaṃ panā’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti kumārakassapassa, ‘‘sañjāniṃsū’’ti vuttasañjānanassa vā. <span class="bld">Puññāni karonto</span>ti kappasatasahassaṃ devesu ca manussesu ca nibbattitvā dānādīni puññāni bhāvento. <span class="bld">Osakkante</span>ti parihāyamāne. <span class="bld">Paṭhama</span>nti kumārikākāle. <span class="bld">Satthā upālittheraṃ paṭicchāpesi</span> taṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vinayakammenevassā bhikkhuniyā pabbajjāya arogabhāvaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paññattivibhāvanā</span>ti ‘‘andhavana’’ntveva paññāyamānassa vibhāvanā. <span class="bld">Olīyatī</span>ti saṅkucati saṇikaṃ vattati. <span class="bld">Bhāṇako</span>ti sarabhāṇako. <span class="bld">Yaṃ atthi, taṃ gahetvā</span>ti idāni pariyesitabbaṭṭhānaṃ natthi, yathāgataṃ pana yaṃ atthi, taṃ gahetvā. <span class="bld">Balavaguṇe</span>ti adhimattaguṇe. Kassapabhagavato kāle niruḷhasamaññāvasena vacanasantatiyā avicchedena ca imasmimpi buddhuppāde taṃ ‘‘andhavana’’ntveva paññāyittha, uparūparivaḍḍhamānāya pathaviyā upari rukkhagacchādīsu sañjāyantesupīti. <span class="bld">Sekkhapaṭipada</span>nti sekkhabhāvāvahaṃ visuddhipaṭipattiṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aññatara</span>-saddo <a name="M2.0102"></a> apākaṭe viya pākaṭepi vattati eka-saddena samānatthattāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘abhijānātī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Bhayabheravadassitampi abhikkanta-saddassa atthuddhāraṃ idha dassento evaṃ heṭṭhā tattha tattha katā atthasaṃvaṇṇanā parato tasmiṃ tasmiṃ suttapadese yathārahaṃ vattabbāti nayadassanaṃ karoti. Kañcanasannibhattacatā suvaṇṇavaṇṇaggahaṇena gahitāti adhippāyenāha <span class="bld">‘‘chaviya’’</span>nti. Chavigatā pana vaṇṇadhātu eva ‘‘suvaṇṇavaṇṇo’’ti ettha vaṇṇaggahaṇena gahitāti apare. Vaṇṇīyati kittīyati ugghosananti <span class="bld">vaṇṇo,</span> thuti. Vaṇṇīyati asaṅkarato vavatthapīyatīti <span class="bld">vaṇṇo,</span> kulavaggo. Vaṇṇīyati phalaṃ etena yathāsabhāvato vibhāvīyatīti <span class="bld">vaṇṇo,</span> kāraṇaṃ. Vaṇṇanaṃ dīgharassādivasena saṇṭhahananti <span class="bld">vaṇṇo,</span> saṇṭhānaṃ. Vaṇṇīyati aṇumahantādivasena pamīyatīti <span class="bld">vaṇṇo,</span> pamāṇaṃ. Vaṇṇeti vikāramāpajjamānaṃ hadayaṅgatabhāvaṃ pakāsetīti <a name="V2.0097"></a> <span class="bld">vaṇṇo,</span> rūpāyatanaṃ. Evaṃ tena tena pavattinimittena vaṇṇa-saddassa tasmiṃ tasmiṃ atthe pavatti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anavasesattaṃ</span> sakalatā kevalatā. <span class="bld">Kevalakappā</span>ti ettha keci īsaṃ asamattā kevalā kevalakappāti vadanti, evaṃ sati anavasesattho eva kevala-saddo siyā. Anatthantarena pana kappa-saddena padavaḍḍhanaṃ katvā kevalā eva kevalakappā. Tathā vā kappanīyattā paññapetabbattā kevalakappā. <span class="bld">Yebhuyyatā</span> bahulabhāvo. <span class="bld">Abyāmissatā</span> vijātiyena asaṅkaro suddhatā. <span class="bld">Anatirekatā</span> taṃmattatā visesābhāvo. <span class="bld">Kevalakappa</span>nti kevalaṃ daḷhaṃ katvāti attho. Kevalaṃ vuccati nibbānaṃ sabbasaṅkhatavivittattā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘visaṃyogādianekattho’’</span>ti. Kevalaṃ etassa adhigataṃ atthīti <span class="bld">kevalī,</span> sacchikatanirodho khīṇāsavo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kappa-saddo</span> panāyaṃ saupasaggo anupasaggo cāti adhippāyena okappanīyapade labbhamānaṃ okappasaddamattaṃ nidasseti, aññathā kappa-saddassa atthuddhāre okappanīyapadaṃ anidassanameva siyā. <span class="bld">Samaṇakappehī</span>ti vinayasiddhehi <a name="M2.0103"></a> samaṇavohārehi. <span class="bld">Niccakappa</span>nti niccakālaṃ. <span class="bld">Paññattī</span>ti nāmaṃ. Nāmañhetaṃ tassa āyasmato, yadidaṃ kappoti. <span class="bld">Kappitakesamassū</span>ti kattarikāya cheditakesamassu. <span class="bld">Dvaṅgulakappo</span>ti majjhanhikavelāya vītikkantāya dvaṅgulatāvikappo. <span class="bld">Leso</span>ti apadeso. Anavasesaṃ pharituṃ samatthassapi obhāsassa kenaci kāraṇena ekadesapharaṇampi siyā, ayaṃ pana sabbasova pharīti dassetuṃ samantattho kappa-saddo gahitoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘anavasesaṃ samantato’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samaṇasaññāsamudācārenā</span>ti ‘‘ahaṃ samaṇo’’ti evaṃ uppannasaññāsamuṭṭhitena samudācārena, tannimittena vā tabbohārena. <span class="bld">Pubbayoge</span>ti pubbayogakathāyaṃ. <span class="bld">Papañco esā</span>ti eso tumhesu āgatesu yathāpavatto paṭisanthāro kathāsamudācāro ca amhākaṃ papañco. Ettakampi akatvā samaṇadhammameva karomāti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ariyabhūmiṃ patto</span>ti anāgāmiphalaṃ adhigato. Pakkusātikulaputtaṃ sandhāya vadati. <span class="bld">Vibhajitvā</span>ti vibhāgaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Turitālapanavasenā</span>ti turitaṃ ālapanavasena. Tena dullabho ayaṃ samaṇo, tasmā sīghamassa pañho kathetabbo, iminā ca sīghaṃ gantvā satthā pucchitabboti turitaṃ ālapīti dasseti. <span class="bld">‘‘Yathā vā’’</span>tiādinā pana vacanālaṅkāravasena dvikkhattuṃ ālapati. <span class="bld">Evamāhā</span>ti ‘‘bhikkhu bhikkhū’’ti evaṃ dvikkhattuṃ avoca.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vammikapariyāyena <a name="V2.0098"></a> karajakāyaṃ paccakkhaṃ katvā dassentī devatā <span class="bld">‘‘ayaṃ vammiko’’</span>ti āha. Tāya pana bhāvatthassa abhāsitattā saddatthameva dassento <span class="bld">‘‘purato ṭhitaṃ…pe… ayanti āhā’’</span>ti avoca. Sesesupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Maṇḍūka</span>nti thalamaṇḍūkaṃ. So hi uddhumāyikāti vuccati, na udakamaṇḍūko. Tassa nivāsato vāto mā kho bādhayitthāti <span class="bld">‘‘uparivātato apagammā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Kathaṃ panāyaṃ devatā iminā nīhārena ime pañhe therassa ācikkhīti? Keci tāva āhu – yathāsutamatthaṃ upamābhāvena gahetvā attano paṭibhānena upameyyatthaṃ manasā cintetvā taṃ bhagavāva imassa ācikkhissati. Sā ca desanā atthāya hitāya sukhāya hotīti ‘‘ayaṃ vammiko’’tiādinā upamāvaseneva pannarasa pañhe therassa ācikkhi. Kassapasammāsambuddhakāle kira bārāṇasiyaṃ eko seṭṭhi aḍḍho mahaddhano mahantaṃ nidhānaṃ <a name="M2.0104"></a> nidahitvā palighādiākārāni kānicipi laṅgāni tattha ṭhapesi. So maraṇakāle attano sahāyassa brāhmaṇassa ārocesi – ‘‘imasmiṃ ṭhāne mayā nidhānaṃ nidahitaṃ, taṃ mama puttassa viññutaṃ pattassa dassetī’’ti vatvā kālamakāsi. Brāhmaṇo sahāyakaputtassa viññutaṃ pattakāle taṃ ṭhānaṃ dassesi. So nikhanitvā sabbapacchā nāgaṃ passi, nāgo attano puttaṃ disvā ‘‘sukheneva dhanaṃ gaṇhatū’’ti apagacchi. Svāyamattho tadā loke pākaṭo jāto. Ayaṃ pana devatā tadā bārāṇasiyaṃ gahapatikule nibbattitvā viññutaṃ patto satthari parinibbute uraṃ datvā sāsane pabbajito pañcahi sahāyakabhikkhūhi saddhiṃ samaṇadhammamakāsi. Ye sandhāya vuttaṃ ‘‘pañca bhikkhū nisseṇiṃ bandhitvā’’tiādi. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘yathāsutamatthaṃ upamābhāvena gahetvā’’tiādi. Apare pana ‘‘devatā attano paṭibhānena ime pañhe evaṃ abhisaṅkharitvā therassa ācikkhī’’ti vadanti. <span class="bld">Devaputte nissakkaṃ</span> devaputtapañhattā tassa atthassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para251"></a><a name="para251_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">251</span>. Catūhi mahābhūtehi nibbattoti <span class="bld">cātumahābhūtiko</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘catumahābhūtamayassā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Vamati</span> uggiranto viya hotīti attho. <span class="bld">Vantako</span>ti ucchaḍḍako. <span class="bld">Vantussayo</span>ti upacikāhi vantassa mattikāpiṇḍassa ussayabhūto. <span class="bld">Vantasinehasambaddho</span>ti vantena kheḷasinehena sampiṇḍito. <span class="bld">Asucikalimalaṃ vamatī</span>ti ettha mukhādīhi pāṇakānaṃ niggamanato pāṇake vamatīti ayampi attho labbhateva. <span class="bld">Ariyehi vantako</span>ti kāyabhāvasāmaññena vuttaṃ. Dukkhasaccapariññāya vā sabbassapi tebhūmakadhammajātassa pariññātattā sabbopi kāyo ariyehi chandarāgappahānena vanto eva. <span class="bld">Taṃ sabba</span>nti yehi tīhi aṭṭhisatehi ussito, yehi nhārūhi sambaddho, yehi maṃsehi avalitto, yena allacammena pariyonaddho, yāya chaviyā rañjito, taṃ aṭṭhiādisabbaṃ accantameva jigucchitvā virattatāyavantameva. <span class="bld">‘‘Yathā cā’’</span>tiādinā vattabbopamatopi vammiko viya vammikoti imamatthaṃ dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sambhavati <a name="V2.0099"></a> etasmāti sambhavo, mātāpettiko sambhavo etassāti <span class="bld">mātāpettikasambhavo</span>. Tassa. Upaciyati etenāti upacayo’ odanakummāsaṃ upacayo etassāti <span class="bld">odanakummāsūpacayo</span>. Tassa. Adhuvasabhāvatāya <a name="M2.0105"></a> <span class="bld">aniccadhammassa,</span> sedagūtha-pitta-semhādi-dhātukkhobha-garubhāvaduggandhānaṃ vinodanāya <span class="bld">ucchādetabbadhammassa,</span> parito sambāhanena <span class="bld">parimadditabbadhammassa,</span> khaṇe khaṇe bhijjanasabhāvatāya <span class="bld">bhedanadhammassa,</span> tato eva vikiraṇasabhāvatāya <span class="bld">viddhaṃsanadhammassā</span>ti dhamma-saddo paccekaṃ yojetabbo. <span class="bld">Tanuvilepanenā</span>ti kāyāvalepanena ucchādanavilepanena. <span class="bld">Aṅgapaccaṅgābādhavinodanatthāyā</span>ti tādisasamuṭṭhāna-sarīravikāravigamāya. Yasmā sukkasoṇitaṃ āhāro, ucchādanaṃ parimaddanañca yathārahaṃ uppādassa, vuḍḍhiyā ca paccayo, tasmā āha <span class="bld">‘‘mātāpettika…pe… kathito’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Uccāvacabhāvo</span>ti yathārahaṃ yojetabbo – odanakummāsūpacaya-ucchādanaparimaddanaggahaṇehi <span class="bld">uccabhāvo, vaḍḍhī</span>. Mātāpettikasambhavaggahaṇena <span class="bld">samudayo</span>. Itarehi <span class="bld">avacabhāvo, parihāni, atthaṅgamo</span> pakāsito. Aṅgapaccaṅgānaṃ saṇṭhapanampi hi vaṭṭapaccayattā vaṭṭanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kodho</span> dhūmoti ettha dhūmapariyāyena kodhassa vuttattā dhūma-saddo kodhe vattatīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘dhūmo viya dhūmo’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Bhasmanī</span>ti <span class="bld">bhasmaṃ. Mosavajja</span>nti musāvādo. Dhūmo eva <span class="bld">dhūmāyitaṃ</span>. Icchā dhūmāyitaṃ etissāti <span class="bld">icchādhūmāyitā,</span> pajā. Icchādhūmāyitasaddassa taṇhāya vutti vuttanayo eva. <span class="bld">Dhūmāyanto</span>ti vitakkasantāpena saṃtappento, vitakkentoti attho. <span class="bld">Palipo</span>ti dukkaramahākaddamaṃ. <span class="bld">Timūla</span>nti tīhi mūlehi patiṭṭhitaṃ viya acalaṃ pavattanti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Rajo ca dhūmo ca mayā pakāsitā</span>ti rajasabhāvakaraṇaṭṭhena ‘‘rajo’’ti ca dhūmasabhāvakaraṇaṭṭhena ‘‘dhūmo’’ti ca mayā pakāsitā. <span class="bld">Pakatidhūmo</span> viya aggissa kilesaggijālassa paññāṇabhāvato. <span class="bld">Dhammadesanādhūmo</span> ñāṇaggisandhīpanassa pubbaṅgamabhāvato. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ rattiṃ dhūmāyanā</span>ti yā divā kattabbakammante uddissa rattiyaṃ anuvitakkanā, ayaṃ rattiṃ dhūmāyanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sattannaṃ dhammāna</span>nti idaṃ sutte (cūḷani. mettagūmāṇavapucchāniddesa 28) āgatanayena vuttaṃ. Suttañca tathā ārādhanaveneyyajjhāsayavasena. Tadekaṭṭhatāya vā tadaññakilesānaṃ. <span class="bld">Sundarapañño</span>ti ñātatīraṇapahānapariññāya paññāya sundarapañño.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Eta</span>nti <a name="M2.0106"></a> ‘‘sattha’’nti etaṃ <span class="bld">adhivacanaṃ</span> saṃkilesadhammānaṃ sasanato samucchindanato. Nti vīriyaṃ. <span class="bld">Paññāgatikameva</span> paññāya hitasseva adhippetattā. Lokiyāya paññāya ārambhakāle lokiyavīriyaṃ <a name="V2.0100"></a> gahetabbaṃ, lokuttarāya paññāya pavattikkhaṇe lokuttaravīriyaṃ gahetabbanti yojanā. <span class="bld">Atthadīpanā</span>ti upameyyatthadīpanī upamā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gāmato</span>ti attano vasanagāmato. <span class="bld">Mante</span>ti āthabbanamante. Te hi brāhmaṇā araññe eva vācenti ‘‘mā aññe assosu’’nti. <span class="bld">Tathā akāsī</span>ti cattāro koṭṭhāse akāsi. Evamettha vammikapañhasseva vasena upamā āgatā, sesānaṃ vasena heṭṭhā vuttanayena veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Laṅganaṭṭhena nivāraṇaṭṭhena <span class="bld">laṅgī,</span> paligho. <span class="bld">Ñāṇamukhe</span>ti vipassanāñāṇavīthiyaṃ. <span class="bld">Patatī</span>ti pavattati. <span class="bld">Kammaṭṭhānauggahaparipucchāvasenā</span>ti catusaccakammaṭṭhānassa uggaṇhanena tassa atthaparipucchāvasena ceva vipassanāsaṅkhāta-atthavinicchaya-paripucchāvasena ca. Sabbaso ñātuṃ icchā hi paripucchā. Vipassanā ca aniccādito sabbatebhūmakadhammānaṃ ñātuṃ icchati. Evaṃ vipassanāvasena avijjāpahānamāha, uparikattabbasabbhāvato na tāva maggavasena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Valliantare vā</span>ti <span class="bld">vā</span>-saddo paṃsuantare vā mattikantare vāti avuttavikappattho. <span class="bld">Cittāvilamattakovā</span>ti cittakkhobhamattakova. <span class="bld">Aniggahito</span>ti paṭisaṅkhānabalena anivārito. <span class="bld">Mukhavikulanaṃ</span> mukhasaṅkoco. <span class="bld">Hanusañcopanaṃ pāpeti</span> antojappanāvatthāyaṃ. <span class="bld">Disā vilokanaṃ pāpeti</span> yattha bādhetabbo ṭhito, taṃdassanatthaṃ nivārakaparivāraṇatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Daṇḍasatthābhinipāta</span>nti daṇḍasatthānaṃ parassa upari nipātanāvatthaṃ. Yena kodhena aniggahitena mātādikaṃ aghātetabbaṃ ugghātetvā ‘‘ayuttaṃ vata mayā kata’’nti attānampi hanati, taṃ sandhāyetaṃ vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘paraghātanampi attaghātanampi pāpetī’’</span>ti. Yena vā parassa haññamānassa vasena ghātakopi ghātanaṃ pāpuṇāti, tādisassa vasenāyamattho veditabbo. Kodhasāmaññena hetaṃ vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘paraṃ ghātetvā attānaṃ ghātetī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Paramussadagato</span>ti paramukkaṃsagato. Daḷhaṃ parissayamāvahatāya <span class="bld">kodhova kodhūpāyāso</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘balavappatto’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dvedhāpathasamā</span> <a name="M2.0107"></a> <span class="bld">hoti</span> appaṭipattihetubhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kusaladhammo na tiṭṭhati</span> nīvaraṇehi nivāritaparamattā. Samathapubbaṅgamaṃ vipassanaṃ bhāvayato paṭhamaṃ samathena nīvaraṇavikkhambhanaṃ hoti, vipassanā pana tadaṅgavaseneva tāni nīharatīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vikkhambhanatadaṅgavasenā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Kummova <a name="V2.0101"></a> aṅgāni sake kapāle’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 1.17) kummassa aṅgabhāvena visesato pādasīsāni eva vuccantīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pañceva aṅgāni hontī’’</span>ti. Vipassanācārassa vuccamānattā adhikārato sammasanīyānameva dhammānaṃ idha gahaṇanti <span class="bld">‘‘sabbepi saṅkhatā dhammā’’</span>ti visesaṃ katvāva vuttaṃ. Tenāha bhagavā ‘‘pañcannetaṃ upādānakkhandhānaṃ adhivacana’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sunanti koṭṭanti etthāti <span class="bld">sūnā,</span> adhikuṭṭananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sūnāya uparī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Asinā</span>ti maṃsakantanena. <span class="bld">Ghātiyamānā</span>ti haññamānā vibādhiyamānā. <span class="bld">Vatthukāmānaṃ upari katvā</span>ti vatthukāmesu ṭhapetvā te accādhānaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Kantitā</span>ti chinditā. <span class="bld">Koṭṭitā</span>ti bilaso vibhajitā. <span class="bld">Chandarāgappahāna</span>nti chandarāgassa vikkhambhanappahānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sammattā</span>ti mucchitā sammūḷhā. <span class="bld">Nandīrāgaṃ upagamma vaṭṭaṃ vaḍḍhentī</span>ti sammūḷhattā evaādīnavaṃ apassantā nandīrāgassa ārammaṇaṃ upagantvā taṃ paribrūhenti. <span class="bld">Nandīrāgabaddhā</span>ti nandīrāge laggattā tena baddhā. <span class="bld">Vaṭṭe laggantī</span>ti tebhūmake vaṭṭe sajjanti. Tattha sajjattā eva <span class="bld">dukkhaṃ patvāpi na ukkaṇṭhanti</span> na nibbindanti. Idha anavasesappahānaṃ adhippetanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘catutthamaggena nandīrāgappahānaṃ kathita’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anaṅgaṇasutte</span> (ma. ni. aṭṭha. 1.63) <span class="bld">pakāsito eva</span> ‘‘chandādīhi na gacchantī’’tiādinā. <span class="bld">‘‘Buddho so bhagavā’’</span>tiādi ‘‘namo karohī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.249, 251) vuttanamakkārassa karaṇākāradassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Bodhāyā</span>ti catusaccasambodhāya. Tathā damathasamathataraṇaparinibbānāni ariyamaggavasena veditabbāni. Samathaparinibbānāni pana anupādisesavasenapi yojetabbāni. <span class="bld">Kammaṭṭhānaṃ ahosī</span>ti vipassanākammaṭṭhānaṃ ahosi. <span class="bld">Etassa pañhassā</span>ti etassa pannarasamassa pañhassa attho. Evaṃ itaresupi vattabbaṃ vipassanākammaṭṭhānaṃ khīṇāsavaguṇehi matthakaṃ pāpento yathānusandhināva desanaṃ niṭṭhapesi, na <a name="M2.0108"></a> pucchitānusandhināti adhippāyo. Nanu ca pucchāvasenāyaṃ desanā āraddhāti? Saccaṃ āraddhā, evaṃ pana ‘‘pucchāvasiko nikkhepo’’ti vattabbaṃ, na ‘‘pucchānusandhivasena niṭṭhapitā’’ti. Antarapucchāvasena desanāya aparivattitattā ārambhānurūpameva pana desanā niṭṭhapitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Vammikasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.</p>
<p class="subhead">4. Rathavinītasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para252"></a><a name="para252_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">252</span>. Mahāgovindena <a name="V2.0102"></a> pariggahitatākittanaṃ tadā magadharājena pariggahitūpalakkhaṇaṃ. Tassa hi so purohito. <span class="bld">Mahāgovindo</span>ti purātano eko magadharājāti keci. Gayhatīti gaho, rājūnaṃ gaho <span class="bld">rājagahaṃ</span>. Nagara-saddāpekkhāya napuṃsakaniddeso. <span class="bld">Aññepettha pakāre</span>ti rājūhi disvā sammā patiṭṭhāpitattā tesaṃ gahaṃ gehabhūtantipi <span class="bld">rājagahaṃ</span>. Ārakkhasampattiādinā anatthuppattihetutāya upagatānaṃ paṭirājūnaṃ gahaṃ gahabhūtantipi <span class="bld">rājagahaṃ,</span> ārāmarāmaṇīyakādīhi rājate, nivāsasukhatādinā sattehi mamattavasena gayhati, pariggayhatīti vā <span class="bld">rājagaha</span>nti evamādike pakāre. <span class="bld">Buddhakāle ca cakkavattikāle cā</span>ti idaṃ yebhuyyavasena vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Veḷūhi parikkhittaṃ ahosi,</span> na pana kevalaṃ kaṭṭhakapavanameva. Rañño uyyānakāle patiṭṭhāpitaaṭṭālakavasena <span class="bld">aṭṭālakayuttaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Jananaṃ jāti, jātiyā bhūmi jātibhūmaṃ, jāyi vā mahābodhisatto etthābhi jāti, sā eva bhūmīti jātibhūmaṃ, sā imesaṃ nivāsoti <span class="bld">jātibhūmakā</span>ti āha <span class="bld">‘‘jātibhūmakāti jātibhūmivāsino’’</span>ti. Kassa panāyaṃ jātibhūmīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘taṃ kho panā’’</span>tiādi. Tena anaññasādhāraṇāya jātiyā adhippetattā sadevake loke supākaṭabhāvato visesanena vināpi visiṭṭhavisayova idha jāti-saddo viññāyatīti dasseti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbaññubodhisattassa jātaṭṭhānasākiyajanapado’’</span>ti. Tatthapi kapilavatthusannissayo padesoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kapilavatthāhāro’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Garudhammabhāvavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sākiyamaṇḍalassā</span>ti <a name="M2.0109"></a> sākiyarājasamūhassa. Dasannaṃ appicchakathādīnaṃ vatthu dasakathāvatthu, appicchatādi. Tattha suppatiṭṭhitatāya tassa lābhī <span class="bld">dasakathāvatthulābhī. Tatthā</span>ti dasakathāvatthusmiṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Garukaraṇīyatāya dhammo garu etassāti dhammagaru, tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">dhammagarutā,</span> tāya. <span class="bld">‘‘Ajjhāsayena veditabbo’’</span>ti vatvā na kevalaṃ ajjhāsayeneva, atha kho kāyavacīpayogehipi veditabboti <a name="V2.0103"></a> dassento <span class="bld">‘‘dhammagarutāyeva hī’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Tiyāmarattiṃ dhammakathaṃ katvā</span>ti ettha ‘‘kumbhakārassa nivesane tiyāmarattiṃ vasanto dhammakathaṃ katvā’’ti evaṃ vacanasesavasena attho veditabbo. Aññathā yathālābhavasena atthe gayhamāne tiyāmarattiṃ dhammakathā katāti āpajjati, na ca taṃ atthi. Vakkhati hi ‘‘bahudeva rattinti diyaḍḍhayāmamatta’’nti. Dasabalādiguṇavisesā viya dhammagāravahetukā parahitapaṭipattipi sabbabuddhānaṃ majjhe bhinnasuvaṇṇaṃ viya sadisā evāti imassa bhagavato dhammagāravakittane <span class="bld">‘‘kassapopi bhagavā’’</span>tiādinā kassapabhagavato dhammagāravaṃ dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cārikaṃ nikkhamī</span>ti janapadacārikaṃ carituṃ nikkhami. Janapadacārikāya akāle nikkhantattā kosalarājādayo vāretuṃ ārabhiṃsu. Pavāretvā hi caraṇaṃ buddhāciṇṇaṃ. Puṇṇāya sammāpaṭipattiṃ paccāsīsanto bhagavā <span class="bld">‘‘kiṃ me karissasī’’</span>ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anahātovā</span>ti dhammasavanussukkena sāyanhe buddhāciṇṇaṃ nhānaṃ akatvāva. Attahitaparahitapaṭipattīsu ekissā dvinnañca atthitāsiddhā catubbidhatā paṭipattikatā eva nāma hotīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘paṭipannako ca nāma…pe… catubbidho hotī’’</span>ti. Paṭikkhepapubbakopi hi paṭipanno atthato paṭipannattho evāti. Kāmaṃ attahitāya paṭipanno tāya sammāpaṭipattiyā sāsanaṃ sobhati, na pana sāsanaṃ vaḍḍheti appossukkabhāvato, na ca kāruṇikassa bhagavato sabbathā manorathaṃ pūreti. Tathā hi bhagavā paṭhamabodhiyaṃ ekasaṭṭhiyā ca arahantesu jātesu <a name="M2.0110"></a> – ‘‘caratha, bhikkhave, bahujanahitāyā’’tiādinā (dī. ni. 2.86-88; mahāva. 32) bhikkhū parahitapaṭipattiyaṃ niyojesi. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘evarūpaṃ bhikkhuṃ bhagavā na pucchati, kasmā? Na mayhaṃ sāsanassa vuḍḍhipakkhe ṭhito’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Samudāyo appakena ūnopi anūno viya hotīti bākulattheraṃ catuttharāsito bahi katvāpi <span class="bld">‘‘asītimahātherā viyā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Asītimahātherasamaññā vā avayavepi aṭṭhasamāpattisāmaññā viya daṭṭhabbā. Īdise ṭhāne bahūnaṃ ekato kathanaṃ mahatā kaṇṭhena ca kathanaṃ satthu cittārādhanamevāti tehi bhikkhūhi tathā paṭipannanti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘te bhikkhū meghasaddaṃ sutvā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Guṇasambhāvanāyā</span>ti vakkhamānaguṇahetukāya sambhāvanāya sambhāvito, na yena kenaci kiccasamatthatādinā.</p>
<p class="centered">Garudhammabhāvavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Appicchatādivaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Appa-saddassa <a name="V2.0104"></a> parittapariyāyataṃ manasi katvā āha <span class="bld">‘‘byañjanaṃ sāvasesaṃ viyā’’</span>ti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘na hi tassā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Appa</span>-saddo panettha abhāvatthoti sakkā viññātuṃ ‘‘appābādhatañca sañjānāmī’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.225; 2.134) viya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Atricchatā nāma</span> (a. ni. ṭī. 1.1.63) atra atra icchāti katvā. <span class="bld">Asantaguṇasambhāvanatā</span>ti attani avijjamānaṃ guṇānaṃ vijjamānānaṃ viya paresaṃ pakāsanā. <span class="bld">Saddhoti maṃ jano jānātū</span>ti vattapaṭipattikārakavisesalābhīti jānātu ‘‘vattapaṭipattiāpāthakajjhāyitā’’ti evamādinā. <span class="bld">Santaguṇasambhāvanā</span>ti icchācāre ṭhatvā attani vijjamānasīladhutadhammādiguṇavibhāvanā. Tādisassa hi paṭiggahaṇe amattaññutāpi hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gaṇhantoyeva ummujji</span> aññesaṃ ajānantānaṃyevāti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Appicchatāpadhānaṃ puggalādhiṭṭhānena catubbidhaṃ icchāpabhedaṃ dassetvā punapi puggalādhiṭṭhānena catubbidhaṃ icchāpabhedaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘aparopi catubbidho</span> <a name="M2.0111"></a> <span class="bld">appiccho’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Dāyakassa vasa</span>nti dāyakassa cittavasaṃ. <span class="bld">Deyyadhammassa vasa</span>nti deyyadhammassa appabahubhāvaṃ. <span class="bld">Attano thāma</span>nti attano yāpanamattakathāmaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekabhikkhupi na aññāsi</span> sosānikavatte sammadeva vuttittā. <span class="bld">Abbokiṇṇa</span>nti avicchedaṃ. <span class="bld">Dutiyo maṃ na jāneyyā</span>ti dutiyo sahāyabhūtopi yathā maṃ jānituṃ na sakkuṇeyya, tathā saṭṭhi vassāni nirantaraṃ susāne vasāmi, tasmā <span class="bld">ahaṃ aho sosānikuttamo</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dhammakathāya janataṃ khobhetvā</span>ti lomahaṃsanasādhukāradānacelukkhepādivasena sannipatitaṃ itarañca ‘‘kathaṃ nu kho ayyassa santikeva dhammaṃ sossāmā’’ti kolāhalavasena mahājanaṃ khobhetvā. <span class="bld">Gato</span>ti ‘‘ayaṃ so, tena rattiyaṃ dhammakathā katā’’ti jānanabhayena pariyattiappicchatāya pariveṇaṃ gato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tayo</span> <a name="V2.0105"></a> <span class="bld">kulaputtā viyā</span>ti pācīnavaṃsadāye samaggavāsaṃ vutthā tayo kulaputtā viya. <span class="bld">Pahāyā</span>ti pubbabhāge tadaṅgādivasena pacchā aggamaggeneva pajahitvā.</p>
<p class="centered">Appicchatādivaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Dvādasavidhasantosavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pakatidubbalādīnaṃ garucīvarādīni naphāsubhāvāvahāni sarīrakhedāvahāni ca hontīti payojanavasena naatricchatādivasena tāni parivattetvā lahukacīvaraparibhogo na santosavirodhīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘lahukena yāpentopi santuṭṭhova hotī’’</span>ti. Mahagghacīvaraṃ, bahūni vā cīvarāni labhitvāpi tāni vissajjetvā tadaññassa gahaṇaṃ yathāsāruppanaye ṭhitattā na santosavirodhīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tesaṃ…pe… dhārentopi santuṭṭhova hotī’’</span>ti. Evaṃ sesapaccayesupi yathābalayathāsāruppasantosaniddesesu apisaddaggahaṇe adhippāyo veditabbo. <span class="bld">Yathāsāruppasantosoyeva aggo</span> alobhajjhāsayassa ukkaṃsanato.</p>
<p class="centered">Dvādasavidhasantosavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Tividhapavivekavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Eko</span>ti <a name="M2.0112"></a> ekākī. <span class="bld">Gacchatī</span>ti cuṇṇikairiyāpathavasena vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Caratī</span>ti vihārato bahi sañcāravasena, <span class="bld">viharatī</span>ti divāvihārādivasena. <span class="bld">Kāyaviveko</span>ti ca nekkhammādhimuttassa bhāvanānuyogavasena vivekaṭṭhakāyatā, na jhānavivekamattaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘nekkhammābhiratāna’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Parisuddhacittāna</span>nti nīvaraṇādisaṃkilesato visuddhacittānaṃ. <span class="bld">Paramavodānappattāna</span>nti vitakkāditaṃtaṃjhānapaṭipakkhavigamena paramaṃ uttamaṃ vodānaṃ pattānaṃ. <span class="bld">Nirupadhīna</span>nti kilesupadhiādīnaṃ vigamena nirupadhīnaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Tividhapavivekavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Pañcavidhasaṃsaggavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Saṃsīdati <a name="V2.0106"></a> etenāti saṃsaggo, rāgo. Savanahetuko, savanavasena vā pavatto saṃsaggo <span class="bld">savanasaṃsaggo</span>. Esa nayo sesesupi. <span class="bld">Kāyasaṃsaggo</span> pana kāyaparāmāso. <span class="bld">Itthī vā</span>ti vadhū, yuvatī vā. <span class="bld">Sandhānetu</span>nti pubbenāparaṃ ghaṭetuṃ. <span class="bld">Sotaviññāṇavīthivasenā</span>ti idaṃ mūlabhūtaṃ savanaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ, tassa piṭṭhivattakamanodvārikajavanavīthīsu uppannopi rāgo savanasaṃsaggoyeva. <span class="bld">Dassanasaṃsagge</span>pi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Anitthigandhabodhisatto</span> parehi kathiyamānavasena pavattasavanasaṃsaggassa nidassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Tissadaharo</span> attanā suyyamānavasena. Tattha paṭhamaṃ jātake veditabbanti itaraṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘daharo kirā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Kāmarāgena viddho</span>ti rāgasallena hadaye appito anto anuviddho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">So</span>ti dassanasaṃsaggo. <span class="bld">Evaṃ veditabbo</span>ti vatthuvasena pākaṭaṃ karoti. Tasmiṃ kira gāme yebhuyyena itthiyo abhirūpā dassanīyā pāsādikā, tasmā thero <span class="bld">‘‘sace antogāme na carissasī’’</span>ti āha. Kālasseva paviṭṭhattā yāguṃ adāsi, tasmā yāgumeva gahetvā gacchantaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘nivattatha, bhante, bhikkhaṃ gaṇhāhī’’ti āhaṃsu. Yācitvā</span>ti ‘‘na mayaṃ, bhante, bhikkhaṃ dātukāmā nivattema, apica idaṃ bhante kāraṇa’’nti yācitvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ādito <a name="M2.0113"></a> lapanaṃ <span class="bld">ālāpo,</span> vacanapaṭivacanavasena pavatto lāpo <span class="bld">sallāpo. Bhikkhuniyā</span>ti idaṃ nidassanamattaṃ. Yāya kāyacipi itthiyā santakaparibhogavasena uppannarāgopi <span class="bld">sambhogasaṃsaggova</span>.</p>
<p class="centered">Pañcavidhasaṃsaggavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Gāhagāhakādivaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhikkhuno bhikkhūhi kāyaparāmāso</span> kāyasambāhanādivasena. <span class="bld">Kāyasaṃsagga</span>nti kāyaparāmāsasaṃsaggaṃ. <span class="bld">Gāhagāhako</span>ti gaṇhanakānaṃ gaṇhanakoti attho. <span class="bld">Gāhamuttako</span>ti ayoniso āmisehi saṅgaṇhanakehi sayaṃ muccanako. <span class="bld">Muttagāhako</span>ti yathāvuttasaṅgahato muttānaṃ saṅgaṇhanako. <span class="bld">Muttamuttako</span>ti muccanakehi sayampi muccanako. <span class="bld">Gahaṇavasena</span> saṅgaṇhanavasena. <span class="bld">Upasaṅkamanti</span> tato kiñci <a name="V2.0107"></a> lokāmisaṃ paccāsīsantā, na dakkhiṇeyyavasena. Bhikkhupakkhe <span class="bld">gahaṇavasenā</span>ti paccayalābhāya saṅgaṇhanavasenāti yojetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Vuttanayenā</span>ti ‘‘āmisenā’’tiādinā vuttanayena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ṭhāna</span>nti attano ṭhānāvatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Pāpuṇituṃ na deti</span> uppannameva taṃ paṭisaṅkhānabalena nīharanto vikkhambheti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘mantenā’’</span>tiādi. Yathā jīvitukāmo puriso kaṇhasappena, amittena vā saha na saṃvasati, evaṃ khaṇamattampi kilesehi saha na saṃvasatīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Catupārisuddhisīlaṃ</span> lokiyaṃ lokuttarañca. Tathā <span class="bld">samādhi</span>pi. Vipassanāya pādakā <span class="bld">vipassanāpādakā</span>ti aṭṭhasamāpattiggahaṇena yathā lokiyasamādhi gahito, evaṃ vipassanāpādakā etesanti <span class="bld">vipassanāpādakā</span>ti aṭṭhasamāpattiggahaṇeneva lokuttaro samādhi gahito. Yathā hi cattāri rūpajjhānāni adhiṭṭhānaṃ katvā pavatto maggasamādhi vipassanāpādako, evaṃ cattāri arūpajjhānāni adhiṭṭhānaṃ katvā pavattopi. Samāpattipariyāyo pana pubbavohārena veditabbo. Paṭipakkhasamucchedanena sammā āpajjanato vā yathā ‘‘sotāpattimaggo’’ti. Evamettha sīlasamādhīnampi missakabhāvo veditabbo, na paññāya eva. <span class="bld">Vimuttīti ariyaphala</span>nti vuttaṃ ‘‘vimuttisampanno’’ti vuttattā. Tañhi nipphādanaṭṭhena sampādetabbaṃ, na nibbānanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha <a name="M2.0114"></a> ca appicchatāya laddhapaccayena paritussati, santuṭṭhatāya laddhā te agadhito amucchitoādīnavadassī nissaraṇapañño paribhuñjati, evaṃbhūto ca katthaci alaggamānasatāya pavivekaṃ paribrūhento kenaci asaṃsaṭṭho viharati gahaṭṭhena vā pabbajitena vā. So evaṃ ajjhāsayasampanno vīriyaṃ ārabhati appattassa pattiyā, anadhigamassa adhigamāya. Ārabhanto ca yathāsamādinnaṃ attano sīlaṃ paccavekkhati, tassa sīlassa suparisuddhataṃ nissāya uppajjati avippaṭisāro, ayamassa <span class="bld">sīlasampadā</span>. Tassa avippaṭisāramūlakehi pāmojjapītipassaddhisukhehi sammā brūhitaṃ cittaṃ sammadeva samādhiyati, ayamassa <span class="bld">samādhisampadā</span>. Tato yathābhūtaṃ jānaṃ passaṃ nibbindati, nibbindaṃ virajjati, virāgā vimuccati, ayamassa <span class="bld">paññāsampadā</span>. Vimuttacittatā panassa <span class="bld">vimuttisampadā,</span> tato vimuttito <span class="bld">ñāṇadassana</span>nti etesaṃ dasannaṃ kathāvatthūnaṃ anupubbī veditabbā. Tassa yo dasahi kathāvatthūhi samannāgamo, <span class="bld">ayaṃ attahitāya paṭipatti</span>. Yā nesaṃ paresaṃ saṃkittanaṃ, ayaṃ <span class="bld">parahitāya paṭipatti</span>. Tāsu purimā ñāṇapubbaṅgamā ñāṇasampayuttā ca, itarā karuṇāpubbaṅgamā karuṇāsampayuttā cāti sabbaṃ ñāṇakaruṇākaṇḍaṃ vattabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dasahi</span> <a name="V2.0108"></a> <span class="bld">kathāvatthūhi</span> karaṇabhūtehi bhikkhūnaṃ ovādaṃ deti, ‘‘bhikkhunā nāma atricchatādike dūrato vajjetvā sammadeva appicchena bhavitabba’’ntiādinā taṃ taṃ kathāvatthuṃ bhikkhūnaṃ upadisatīti attho. Upadisanto hi tāni ‘‘tehi bhikkhū ovadatī’’ti vutto. <span class="bld">Ovadatiyeva</span> sarūpadassanamattena. <span class="bld">Sukhumaṃ atthaṃ parivattetvā</span>ti evampi appicchatā hoti evampīti appicchatādivasena aparāparaṃ appicchatāvuttiṃ dassetvā tattha sukhumanipuṇaṃ appicchatāsaṅkhātaṃ atthaṃ jānāpetuṃ na sakkoti. <span class="bld">Viññāpetī</span>ti yathāvuttehi visesehi viññāpeti. <span class="bld">Kāraṇa</span>nti yena kāraṇena appicchatā ijjhati, taṃ pana ‘‘mahicchatādīsu ete dosā, appicchatāya ayamānisaṃso’’tiādīnavānisaṃsadassanaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Sammā hetunā appicchataṃ dassetīti <span class="bld">sandassako. Gāhetu</span>nti yathā gaṇhati, tathā kātuṃ, tattha paṭṭhapetunti attho. <span class="bld">Ussāhajananavasenā</span>ti yathā taṃ samādānaṃ niccalaṃ hoti, evaṃ ussoḷhiyā uppādanavasena sammadeva uttejetīti <span class="bld">samuttejako. Ussāhajāte</span>ti appicchatāya jātussāhe. <span class="bld">Vaṇṇaṃ vatvā</span> tattha sampattiṃ āyatiñca labbhamānaguṇaṃ kittetvā <span class="bld">sampahaṃseti</span> sammadeva pakārehi tosetīti <a name="M2.0115"></a> <span class="bld">sampahaṃsako.</span> Evaṃ santuṭṭhiādīsu yathārahaṃ yojanā kātabbā.</p>
<p class="centered">Gāhagāhakādivaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Pañcalābhavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para253"></a><a name="para253_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">253</span>. <span class="bld">Satthu sammukhā evaṃ vaṇṇo abbhuggato</span>ti. Iminā tassa vaṇṇassa yathābhūtaguṇasamuṭṭhitataṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Mandamando viyā</span>ti ati viya acheko viya. <span class="bld">Abalabalo viyā</span>ti ati viya abalo viya. <span class="bld">Bhākuṭikabhākuṭiko viyā</span>ti ati viya dummukho viya. <span class="bld">Anumassā</span>ti anumasitvā, dasa kathāvatthūni sarūpato visesato ca anupariggahetvāti attho. Pariggaṇhanaṃ pana nesaṃ anupavisanaṃ viya hotīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘anupavisitvā’’</span>ti. Sabrahmacārīhi vaṇṇabhāsanaṃ eko lābhoti yojanā. Evaṃ sesesupi. <span class="bld">Patthayamāno evamāha</span> dhammagarutāyāti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="centered">Pañcalābhavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Cārikādivaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para254"></a><a name="para254_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">254</span>. Abhiramanaṃ <a name="V2.0109"></a> abhirataṃ, tadeva anunāsikalopaṃ akatvā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘abhiranta’’</span>nti. Bhāvanapuṃsakañcetaṃ. <span class="bld">Anabhirati nāma natthi, abhiramitvā ciravihāropi natthi</span> sammadeva pariññātavatthukattā. Sabbasahā hi buddhā bhagavanto asayhalābhino.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pubbe dhammagarutākittanapasaṅgena gahitaṃ aggahitañca mahākassapapaccuggamanādiṃ ekadesena dassetvā vanavāsitissasāmaṇerassa vatthuṃ vitthāretvā janapadacārikaṃ kathetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘bhagavā hī’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Ākāsagāmīhi saddhiṃ gantukāmo <span class="bld">‘‘chaḷabhiññānaṃ ārocehī’’</span>ti āha. Saṅghakammena sijjhamānāpi upasampadā satthu āṇāvaseneva sijjhanato <span class="bld">‘‘buddhadāyajjaṃ te dassāmī’’</span>ti vuttanti vadanti. Apare ‘‘aparipuṇṇavīsativassasseva tassa upasampadaṃ anujānanto satthā <span class="bld">‘buddhadāyajjaṃ te</span> <a name="M2.0116"></a> <span class="bld">dassāmī</span>’ti avocā’’ti vadanti. <span class="bld">Upasampādetvā</span>ti dhammasenāpatinā upajjhāyena upasampādetvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Navayojanasatikaṃ</span> majjhimadesapariyāpannameva, tato paraṃ nādhippetaṃ dandhatāvasena gamanato. <span class="bld">Samantā</span>ti gatagataṭṭhānassa catūsu passesu. <span class="bld">Aññenapi kāraṇenā</span>ti bhikkhūnaṃ samathavipassanātaruṇabhāvato aññenapi majjhimamaṇḍale veneyyānaṃ ñāṇaparipākādikāraṇena nikkhamati, antomaṇḍalaṃ otarati. <span class="bld">Sattahi vā</span>tiādi <span class="bld">‘‘ekaṃ māsaṃ vā’’</span>tiādinā vuttānukkamena yojetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sarīraphāsukatthāyā</span>ti ekasmiṃyeva ṭhāne nibaddhavāsena ussannadhātukassa sarīrassa virecanena phāsubhāvatthāya. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhuppattikālābhikaṅkhanatthāyā</span>ti aggikkhandhūpamasutta (a. ni. 7.72) maghadevajātakādidesanānaṃ (jā. 1.1.9) viya dhammadesanāya aṭṭhuppattikālassa ākaṅkhanena. Surāpānasikkhāpadapaññāpane (pāci. 326) viya <span class="bld">sikkhāpadapaññāpanatthāya. Bodhaneyyasatte</span> aṅgulimālādike <span class="bld">bodhanatthāya</span>. Nibaddhavāsañca puggalaṃ uddissa cārikā <span class="bld">nibaddhacārikā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para255"></a><a name="para255_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">255</span>. Apariggahabhāvaṃ katthaci alaggabhāvaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yūthaṃ pahāya…pe… mattahatthī viyā’’</span>ti <a name="V2.0110"></a> vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Asahāyakicco</span>ti sahāyakiccarahito sīho viya. Tenassa ekavihāritaṃ tejavantatañca dasseti. <span class="bld">Tadā pana kāyaviveko na sakkā laddhu</span>nti idamettha kāraṇaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Bahūhī</span>tiādi pana sabhāvadassanavasena vuttaṃ. Therassa parisā suvinītā ciṇṇagaruvāsā garuno icchānurūpameva vattati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vuttakāraṇayutte addhānagamane cārikānaṃ vohāro sāsane niruḷhoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kiñcāpī’’</span>tiādi. Kenacideva nimittena kismiñci atthe pavattāya saññāya tannimittarahitepi aññasmiṃ pavatti <span class="bld">ruḷhī</span> nāma. Vijitamārattā <span class="bld">saṅgāmavijayamahāyodho viya. Aññaṃ sevitvā</span>ti ‘‘mama āgatabhāvaṃ satthu ārocehī’’ti ārocanatthaṃ aññaṃ bhikkhuṃ sevitvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bhagavā <a name="M2.0117"></a> dhammaṃ desento taṃtaṃpuggalajjhāsayānurūpaṃ tadanucchavikameva dhammiṃ kathaṃ karotīti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘cūḷagosiṅgasutte’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">sāmaggirasānisaṃsa</span>nti ‘‘kacci pana vo, anuruddhā, samaggā sammodamānā’’tiādinā (ma. ni. 1.326) sāmaggirasānisaṃsaṃ kathesi. <span class="bld">Āvasathānisaṃsa</span>nti ‘‘sītaṃ uṇhaṃ paṭihanatī’’tiādinā (cūḷava. 295, 315) āvasathapaṭisaṃyuttaṃ ānisaṃsaṃ. <span class="bld">Satipaṭilābhika</span>nti jotipālatthere lāmakaṃ ṭhānaṃ otiṇṇamatte mahābodhipallaṅke pana sabbaññutaṃ paṭivijjhituṃ patthanaṃ katvā pāramiyo pūrento āgato. Tādisassa nāma pamādavihāro na yuttoti yathā kassapo bhagavā bodhisattassa satiṃ paṭilabhituṃ dhammiṃ kathaṃ kathesi, tathā ayaṃ bhagavā tameva <span class="bld">pubbenivāsapaṭisaṃyuttakathaṃ</span> bhikkhūnaṃ ghaṭikārasuttaṃ (ma. ni. 2.282) kathesi. <span class="bld">Cattāro dhammuddese</span>ti – ‘‘upanīyati loko addhuvo, atāṇo loko anabhissaro, assako loko sabbaṃ pahāya gamanīyaṃ, ūno loko atitto taṇhādāso cā’’ti (ma. ni. 2.305) ime cattāro dhammuddese kathesi. Kāmañcete dhammuddesā <span class="bld">raṭṭhapālasutte</span> (ma. ni. 2.304) āyasmatā raṭṭhapālattherena rañño korabyassa kathitā, te pana bhagavato eva āharitvā therena tattha kathitāti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘raṭṭhapālasutte’’</span>tiādi. Tathā hi vuttaṃ sutte – ‘‘atthi kho, mahārāja, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena cattāro dhammuddesā uddiṭṭhā’’tiādi (ma. ni. 2.305) <span class="bld">pānakānisaṃsakatha</span>nti ‘‘aggihuttaṃ mukhaṃ yaññā’’tiādinā (ma. ni. 2.400; su. ni. 573) anumodanaṃ vatvā puna pakiṇṇakakathāvasena pānakapaṭisaṃyuttaṃ ānisaṃsakathaṃ kathesi. <span class="bld">Ekībhāve ānisaṃsaṃ kathesi,</span> yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ ‘‘atha kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ bhaguṃ dhammiyā kathāya sandassesī’’tiādi <a name="V2.0111"></a> (ma. ni. 3.238). <span class="bld">Anantanaya</span>nti aparimāṇadesanānayaṃ appicchatādipaṭisaṃyuttaṃ dhammiṃ kathaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘puṇṇa, ayampi appicchakathāyevā’’</span>tiādi bahūhi pariyāyehi nānānayaṃ deseti. Kathaṃ tathā desitaṃ thero aññāsīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘paṭisambhidāpattassa…pe… ahosī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="centered">Cārikādivaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Sattavisuddhipañhavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para256"></a><a name="para256_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">256</span>. <span class="bld">Tato</span> <a name="M2.0118"></a> <span class="bld">paṭṭhāyā</span>ti. Yadā jātibhūmakā bhikkhū satthu sammukhā therassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsiṃsu, tato paṭṭhāya. Sīsānulokī hutvā piṭṭhito piṭṭhito anubandhanaṃ therena samāgame ādaravasena katanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Tathā hi vuttaṃ pāṭhe ‘‘appeva nāmā’’tiādi, ‘‘taramānarūpo’’ti ca. Yaṃ pana vuttaṃ <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathāyaṃ ‘‘ekasmiṃ ṭhāne nilīna’’</span>ntiādi, taṃ akāraṇaṃ. Na hi dhammasenāpati tassa therassa nisinnaṭṭhānaṃ abhiññāñāṇena jānituṃ na sakkoti. ‘‘Kacci nu kho maṃ adisvāva gamissatī’’ti ayampi cintā ādaravasenevāti yuttaṃ. Na hi satthāraṃ daṭṭhuṃ āgato sāvako api āyasmā aññātakoṇḍañño satthukappaṃ dhammasenāpatiṃ tattha vasantaṃ adisvāva gacchanako nāma atthi. <span class="bld">Divāvihāra</span>nti sampadāne upayogavacananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘divāvihāratthāyā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para257"></a><a name="para257_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">257</span>. <span class="bld">Purimakathāyā</span>ti paṭhamālāpe. <span class="bld">Appatiṭṭhitāyā</span>ti nappavattitāya. <span class="bld">Pacchimakathā na jāyatī</span>ti pacchā vattabbakathāya avasaro na hoti. <span class="bld">Satta visuddhiyo pucchi</span> diṭṭhasaṃsandanavasena. <span class="bld">Ñāṇadassanavisuddhi</span> nāma ariyamaggo. Yasmā tato uttarimpi pattabbaṃ attheva, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘catupārisuddhisīlādīsu ṭhitassapi brahmacariyavāso matthakaṃ na pāpuṇātī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti brahmacariyavāsassa matthakaṃ appattattā. <span class="bld">Sabbaṃ paṭikkhipī</span>ti sattamampi pañhaṃ paṭikkhipi, itaresu vattabbameva natthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Appaccayaparinibbāna</span>nti anupādisesanibbānamāha. Idāni pakārantarenapi anupādāparinibbānaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘dvedhā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">gahaṇūpādāna</span>nti daḷhaggahaṇabhūtaṃ upādānaṃ<a name="V2.0112"></a>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kāmupādānādika’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Paccayūpādāna</span>nti yaṃ kiñci paccayamāha. So hi attano phalaṃ upādiyati upādānavasena gaṇhatīti <span class="bld">upādāna</span>nti vuccati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘paccayūpādānaṃ nāma…pe… paccayā’’</span>ti. ‘‘Anupādāya āsavehi cittaṃ vimuccatī’’ti vacanato (mahāva. 28, 30) <span class="bld">arahattaphalaṃ anupādāparinibbānanti kathenti. Na ca upādānasampayutta</span>nti upādānehi etaṃ na sahitaṃ nāpi upādānehi saha pavatti hutvā. <span class="bld">Na ca kañci dhammaṃ upādiyatī</span>ti kassaci dhammassa ārammaṇakaraṇavasena na upādiyati<a name="M2.0119"></a>. <span class="bld">Parinibbutante</span>ti aggamaggena kātabbakilesaparinibbānapariyosānante jātattā. <span class="bld">Amatadhātumeva anupādāparinibbānaṃ kathenti,</span> kathentānañca yathā tassa koci paccayo nāma natthi, evaṃ adhigatopi yathā koci paccayo nāma na hoti, tathā parinibbānaṃ apaccayaparinibbānanti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘ayaṃ anto’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Puna pucchaṃ ārabhi</span> anupādāparinibbānaṃ sarūpato patiṭṭhāpetukāmo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para258"></a><a name="para258_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">258</span>. <span class="bld">Sabbaparivattesū</span>ti sabbesu pañhaparivattanesu, pañhavāresūti attho. <span class="bld">Sagahaṇadhammamevā</span>ti ‘‘etaṃ mamā’’tiādinā gaṇhatīti gahaṇaṃ, saha gahaṇenāti sagahaṇaṃ, upādāniyanti attho. Vivaṭṭasannissitassa abhāvato vaṭṭameva anugatoti <span class="bld">vaṭṭānugato</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘catupārisuddhisīlamattassapi abhāvato’’</span>ti. Yo pana catubbidhe vivaṭṭūpanissaye sīle ṭhito, sopi <span class="bld">‘‘aññatra imehi dhammehī’’</span>ti vattabbataṃ arahati.</p>
<p class="centered">Sattavisuddhipañhavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Sattarathavinītavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para259"></a><a name="para259_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">259</span>. <span class="bld">Nissakkavacanametaṃ</span> ‘‘yāva heṭṭhimasopānakaḷevarā’’tiādīsu viya. <span class="bld">Attho</span>ti payojanaṃ. Cittavisuddhi hettha sīlavisuddhiṃ payojeti tassa tadatthattā. <span class="bld">Sīlavisuddhikiccaṃ kataṃ nāma hoti</span> samādhisaṃvattanato. Samādhisaṃvattanikā hi sīlavisuddhi nāma. <span class="bld">Sabbapadesū</span>ti ‘‘cittavisuddhi yāvadeva diṭṭhivisuddhatthā’’tiādīsu sabbapadesu, diṭṭhivisuddhiyaṃ ṭhitassa cittavisuddhakiccaṃ kataṃ nāma hotītiādinā yojetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sāvatthinagaraṃ viya sakkāyanagaraṃ</span> atikkamitabbattā. <span class="bld">Sāketanagaraṃ viya nibbānanagaraṃ</span> pāpuṇitabbattā<a name="V2.0113"></a>. <span class="bld">Accāyikassa kiccassa uppādakālo viya</span> navameneva khaṇena pattabbassa abhisamayakiccassa upādakālo. Yathā rañño sattamena rathavinītena sākete antepuradvāre oruḷhassa na tāva kiccaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ nāma hoti, saṃvidhātabbasaṃvidhānaṃ ñātimittagaṇaparivutassa surasabhojanaparibhoge niṭṭhitaṃ nāma siyā, evametaṃ ñāṇadassanavisuddhiyā kilese khepetvā tesaṃyeva paṭippassaddhipahānasādhakaariyaphalasamaṅgikāle abhisamayakiccaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ nāma hoti. Tenāha <a name="M2.0120"></a> <span class="bld">‘‘yogino…pe… kālo daṭṭhabbo’’</span>ti. Tattha <span class="bld">paropaṇṇāsa kusaladhammā nāma</span> cittuppādapariyāpannā phassādayo paropaṇṇāsa anavajjadhammā. <span class="bld">Nirodhasayane</span>ti nibbānasayane.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Visuddhiyo’’ti vā ‘‘kathāvatthūnī’’ti vā atthato ekaṃ, byañjanameva nānanti tesaṃ atthato anaññabhāvaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘itī’’</span>ti āraddhaṃ. <span class="bld">Āyasmā puṇṇo dasa kathāvatthūni vissajjesī</span>ti satta visuddhiyo nāma vissajjantopi dasa kathāvatthūni vissajjesi tesaṃ atthato anaññattā. Eteneva dhammasenāpati sāriputtatthero satta visuddhiyo pucchanto dasa kathāvatthūni pucchīti ayampi attho vuttovāti veditabbo. Nti pañhaṃ. <span class="bld">Kiṃ jānitvā pucchī</span>ti visuddhipariyāyena kathāvatthūni pucchāmīti kiṃ jānitvā pucchi. Dasakathāvatthulābhinaṃ theraṃ visuddhiyo pucchanto pucchitaṭṭhāneyeva pucchanena kiṃ titthakusalo vā pana hutvā visayasmiṃ pucchi, udāhu pānīyatthikamatitthehi chinnataṭehi pātento viya atitthakusalo hutvā apucchitabbaṭṭhāne avisayasmiṃ pucchīti yojanā. Iminā nayena vissajjanapakkhepi atthayojanā veditabbā. Yadatthamassa vicāraṇā āraddhā, taṃ dassentena <span class="bld">‘‘titthakusalo hutvā’’</span>tiādiṃ vatvā visuddhikathāvatthūnaṃ atthato anaññattepi ayaṃ viseso veditabboti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Tadaminā</span>ti yaṃ ‘‘saṃkhittaṃ, vitthiṇṇa’’nti ca vuttaṃ, <span class="bld">taṃ</span> iminā idāni vuccamānena nayena vidhinā veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekā sīlavisuddhī</span>ti visuddhīsu visuṃ ekā sīlavisuddhi. Dasasu kathāvatthūsu <span class="bld">cattāri kathāvatthūni hutvā āgatā</span> appicchatādīhi vinā sīlavisuddhiyā asambhavato. <span class="bld">Appicchakathā</span>tiādīsu kathāsīsena dasakathāvatthu gahitaṃ. Kathetabbattā vā vatthu <span class="bld">kathāvatthū</span>ti vuttaṃ. Evañca upakārato, sabhāvato vā catunnaṃ kathāvatthūnaṃ sīlavisuddhisaṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. Tiṇṇaṃ kathāvatthūnaṃ cittavisuddhisaṅgahepi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Pañca visuddhiyo</span>ti nāmarūpaparicchedo diṭṭhivisuddhi, sappaccayanāmarūpadassanaṃ kaṅkhāvitaraṇavisuddhi, vipassanupakkilese pahāya uppannaṃ vipassanāñāṇaṃ <a name="V2.0114"></a> maggāmaggañāṇadassanavisuddhi, udayabbayañāṇādi navavidhañāṇaṃ paṭipadāñāṇadassanavisuddhi, ariyamaggañāṇaṃ ñāṇadassanavisuddhīti imā pañca visuddhiyo.</p>
<p class="centered">Sattarathavinītavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para260"></a><a name="para260_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">260</span>. <span class="bld">Sammoditu</span>nti <a name="M2.0121"></a> anantaraṃ vuccamānena sammodituṃ. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhānaparikappenā</span>ti akāraṇassa vatthuno parikappanena tadā asambhavantaṃ atthaṃ parikappetvā vacanena. <span class="bld">Abhiṇhadassanassā</span>ti niccadassanassa, niyatadassanassāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ukkhipī</span>ti guṇato kathitabhāvena ukkaṃseti. <span class="bld">Therassā</span>ti āyasmato puṇṇattherassa. <span class="bld">Imasmiṃ ṭhāne</span> imasmiṃ kāraṇe ekapadeneva sāvakavisaye anaññasādhāraṇaguṇāvikaraṇanimittaṃ. Idāni tamevatthaṃ pākaṭataraṃ kātuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘amaccañhī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Apacāyamāno</span>ti pūjayanto.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Anumassa anumassa pucchitā’’ti vuttattā vicāraṇavasenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kiṃ pana pañhassa pucchanaṃ bhāriyaṃ udāhu vissajjana’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Sahetukaṃ katvā</span>ti yuttāyuttaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Sakāraṇa</span>nti tasseva vevacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Pucchanampī</span>ti evaṃ sahadhammena pucchitabbamatthaṃ sayaṃ sampādetvā pucchanampi bhāriyaṃ dukkaraṃ. <span class="bld">Vissajjanampīti</span> sahadhammena vissajjanampi dukkaraṃ. Evañhi vissajjento viññūnaṃ cittaṃ ārādhetīti. <span class="bld">Yathānusandhināva desanā niṭṭhitā</span>ādito saparikkhāraṃ sīlaṃ, majjhe samādhiṃ, ante vasībhāvappattaṃ paññaṃ dassetvā desanāya niṭṭhāpitattāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Rathavinītasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.</p>
<p class="subhead">5. Nivāpasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para261"></a><a name="para261_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">261</span>. Nivappatīti <a name="V2.0115"></a> nivāpo, nivāpaṃ vatteti, nivāpabhojanaṃ vā etassāti <span class="bld">nevāpiko,</span> nivāpena mige palobhetvā gaṇhanakamāgaviko. <span class="bld">Tiṇabījānī</span>ti nivāpatiṇabījāni. <span class="bld">Vappa</span>nti sassaṃ viya vapitabbaṭṭhena vappaṃ. ‘‘Mayaṃ viya aññe ke īdisaṃ labhissantī’’ti <span class="bld">mānamadaṃ āpajjissanti. Vissaṭṭhasatibhāva</span>nti anussaṅkitaparisaṅkitabhāvaṃ. Tiracchānā hi vijātiyabalavatiracchānavasanaṭṭhānesu sāsaṅkā ubbiggahadayā appamattā honti visesato māgavikādimanussūpacāre, rasataṇhāya pana baddhā pamādaṃ āpajjassanti. Nivapati etthāti <span class="bld">nivāpo,</span> nivāpabhūmi nivāpaṭṭhānaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘nivāpaṭṭhāne’’</span>ti. ‘‘Yathākāmakaraṇīyā’’ti vuttamatthaṃ vivarituṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ekaṃ kirā’’</span>tiādi <a name="M2.0122"></a> vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">nīvāravanaṃ viyā</span>ti nīvārassa samūho viya. <span class="bld">Nīvāro</span> nāma araññe sayaṃjātavīhijāti. <span class="bld">Meghamālā viyā</span>ti meghaghaṭā viya. <span class="bld">Ekagghananti</span> ekajjhaṃ viya aviraṭṭhaṃ. <span class="bld">Pakkamantī</span>ti āsaṅkaparisaṅkā hutvā pakkamanti. <span class="bld">Kaṇṇe cālayamānā</span>ti anāsaṅkantānaṃ pahaṭṭhākāradassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Maṇḍalagumba</span>nti maṇḍalakākārena ṭhitaṃ gumbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para262"></a><a name="para262_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">262</span>. <span class="bld">Kappetvā</span>ti upamābhāvena parikappetvā. Mige attano vase vattāpanaṃ <span class="bld">vasībhāvo</span>. So eva ijjhanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">iddhi,</span> pabhāvanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">ānubhāvo</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para263"></a><a name="para263_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">263</span>. <span class="bld">Bhayena bhogato</span>ti bhayena saha sabhayaṃ nivāpaparibhogato. <span class="bld">Balavīriya</span>nti kāyabalañca uṭṭhānavīriyañca. Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ pana balameva vīriyaṃ. <span class="bld">Bala</span>nti ca sarīrabalaṃ, tañca atthato manasikāramaggehi aparāparaṃ sañcaraṇakavātoti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘aparāparaṃ sañcaraṇavāyodhātū’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para264"></a><a name="para264_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">264</span>. <span class="bld">Sikkhitakerāṭikā</span>ti paricitasāṭheyyā, vañcakāti attho. <span class="bld">Iddhimanto viya</span> ānubhāvavanto viya. Pacurajanehi parabhūtā jātāti <span class="bld">parajanā,</span> mahābhūtā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yakkhā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Samantā sappadesa</span>nti samantato padesavantaṃ vipulokāsasannivāsaṭṭhānaṃ. Tassa pana sappadesatā mahāokāsatāyāti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘mahantaṃ okāsa’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para265"></a><a name="para265_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">265</span>. <span class="bld">Ghaṭṭessantī</span>ti ‘‘sabhayasamuṭṭhāna’’nti saññādānavasena cittaṃ cetessanti, tāsessantīti <a name="V2.0116"></a> attho. <span class="bld">Pariccajissantī</span>ti nibbisissanti. <span class="bld">Mahallako</span>ti jātiyā mahallako jiṇṇo. <span class="bld">Dubbalo</span>ti byādhivasena, pakatiyā vā balavirahito.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para267"></a><a name="para267_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">267</span>. Nivāpasadisatāya <span class="bld">nivāpoti vā</span>. Lokapariyāpannaṃ hutvā kilesehi āmasitabbatāya <span class="bld">lokāmisānīti vā</span>. Vaṭṭe āmisabhūtattā <span class="bld">vaṭṭāmisabhūtānaṃ. Vasaṃ vattetī</span>ti kāmaguṇehi kāmaguṇe giddhe satte tasseva gedhassa vasena attano vase vattetīti. Tenāha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Antalikkhacaro <a name="M2.0123"></a> pāso, yvāyaṃ carati mānaso;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tena taṃ bādhayissāmi, na me samaṇa mokkhasī’’ti. (saṃ. ni. 1.151; mahāva. 33);</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aya</span>nti paṭhamamigajātūpamā. Vānapatthassa satova papañcaparadattikādisaputtadāranikkhamanaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘saputtabhariyapabbajjāyā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para268"></a><a name="para268_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">268</span>. Kāmato cittassa vimutti idha cetovimuttīti adhippetāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘cetovimutti nāma…pe… uppannaajjhāsayo’’</span>ti. Kāme vissajjetvā puna tattha nimuggatāya dutiyasamaṇabrāhmaṇā dutiyamigajātūpamā vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para269"></a><a name="para269_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">269</span>. Tatiyasamaṇabrāhmaṇā yathāpariccatte kāme pariccajitvā evaṃ ṭhitā, na dutiyā viya tattha nimuggāti adhippāyena <span class="bld">‘‘kiṃ pana te akaṃsū’’</span>ti pucchati. Itare kāmaṃ ujukaṃ kāmaguṇesu na nimuggā, pariyāyena pana nimuggā diṭṭhijālena ca ajjhotthaṭāti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘gāmanigamajanapadarājadhāniyo’’</span>tiādimāha. Diṭṭhijālampi taṇhājālānugatamevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘mārassa pāpimato diṭṭhijālena parikkhipitvā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para271"></a><a name="para271_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">271</span>. Khandhakilesābhisaṅkhāramārā vā idha <span class="bld">māra</span>ggahaṇena gahitāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Akkhīni bhindi</span> daṭṭhuṃ asamatthabhāvāpādanena. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vipassanāpādakajjhāna’’</span>ntiādi. Kiñcāpi māro yaṃ kiñci jhānaṃ samāpannassapi bhikkhuno cittaṃ imaṃ nāma ārammaṇaṃ nissāya vattatīti na jānāti, idhādhippetassa pana bhikkhuno vasena <span class="bld">‘‘vipassanāpādakajjhāna’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Teneva pariyāyenā</span>ti ‘‘na mārassa akkhīni bhindī’’ti evamādinā yathāvuttapariyāyena. <span class="bld">Adassanaṃ gato</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo. Cakkhussa padaṃ patiṭṭhāti ca idha ārammaṇaṃ adhippetaṃ taṃ pariggayha <a name="V2.0117"></a> pavattanatoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘appatiṭṭhaṃ nirārammaṇa’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">So</span>ti māro. <span class="bld">Disvā</span>ti dassanahetu. Yasmā maggena catusaccadassanahetu āsavā na parikkhīṇā. Phalakkhaṇe hi te khīṇāti vuccantīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Loke</span>ti sattaloke saṅkhāraloke ca. <span class="bld">Sattavisattabhāvenā</span>ti laggabhāvena ceva savisesaṃ āsattabhāvena ca. <span class="bld">Atha vā</span>tiādinā <span class="bld">niddesanayavasena</span> (mahāni. 3, cūḷani. mettagūmāṇavapucchāniddesa 22, 23; cūḷani. khaggavisāṇasuttaniddesa 124) visattikāpadaṃ niddisati. <span class="bld">Visatā</span>ti vitthaṭā <a name="M2.0124"></a> rūpādīsu tebhūmakadhammesu byāpanavasena <span class="bld">visaṭā</span>ti purimavacanameva takārassa ṭakāraṃ katvā vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Visālā</span>ti vipulā. <span class="bld">Visakkatī</span>ti parisakkati sahati. Ratto hi rāgavatthunā pādena tāliyamānopi sahati. Osakkanaṃ, vipphandanaṃ vā <span class="bld">visakkana</span>ntipi vadanti. <span class="bld">Visaṃharatī</span>ti yathā tathā kāmesu ānisaṃsaṃ dassentī vividhehi ākārehi nekkhammābhimukhappavattito cittaṃ saṃharati saṅkhipati, visaṃ vā dukkhaṃ, taṃ harati upanetīti attho. <span class="bld">Visaṃvādikā</span>ti aniccādiṃ niccādito gaṇhāpentī visaṃvādikā hoti. Dukkhanibbattakassa kammassa hetubhāvato <span class="bld">visamūlā,</span> visaṃ vā dukkhadukkhādibhūtā vedanā mūlaṃ etissāti <span class="bld">visamūlā</span>. Dukkhasamudayattā visaṃ phalaṃ etissāti <span class="bld">visaphalā</span>. Taṇhāya rūpādikassa dukkhasseva paribhogo hoti, na amatassāti sā <span class="bld">‘‘visaparibhogā’’</span>ti vuttā. Sabbattha niruttivasena saddasiddhi veditabbā. Yo panettha padhāno attho, taṃ dassetuṃ puna <span class="bld">‘‘visālā vā panā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Nittiṇṇo uttiṇṇo</span>ti upasaggavasena padaṃ vaḍḍhitaṃ. Niravasesato vā tiṇṇo <span class="bld">nittiṇṇo</span>. Tena tena maggena uddhamuddhaṃ tiṇṇo <span class="bld">uttiṇṇo</span>. Yaṃ panettha atthato avibhattaṃ, taṃ suviññeyyameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Nivāpasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.</p>
<p class="subhead">6. Pāsarāsisuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para272"></a><a name="para272_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">272</span>. <span class="bld">Sādhumaya</span>nti <a name="V2.0118"></a> ettha <span class="bld">sādhu</span>-saddo āyācanattho, na ‘‘sādhāvuso’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 1.246; su. ni. 182) viya abhinandanādiatthoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘āyācantā’’</span>ti. Tenāha pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘labheyyāmā’’tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Na sakkonti,</span> kasmā? <span class="bld">Buddhā hi garū honti,</span> paramagarū uttamaṃ gāravaṭṭhānaṃ, na yathā tathā upasaṅkamanīyā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ekacāriko sīho’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Pākaṭakiriyāyā’’</span>ti saṅkhepena vuttaṃ vivarituṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Bhagavā sabbakālaṃ kimevamakāsīti? Na sabbakālamevamakāsi. Yadā pana akāsi, taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘bhagavā paṭhamabodhiya’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Manussattabhāve</span>ti iminā purisattabhāvaṃ ulliṅgeti. <span class="bld">Dhanapariccāgo kato nāma natthi</span> bhagavato dharamānakāleti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mālākacavara</span>nti <a name="M2.0125"></a> milātamālākacavaraṃ. <span class="bld">Rajojallaṃ na upalimpati</span> acchatarachavibhāvato. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘sukhumattā chaviyā kāye rajojallaṃ na limpatī’’ti. Yadi evaṃ kasmā bhagavā nahāyatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘utuggahaṇattha’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vihāro</span>ti jetavanavihāro. <span class="bld">Vīsatiusabhaṃ</span> gāvutassa catuttho bhāgoti vadanti. <span class="bld">Kadācī</span>ti kasmiñci buddhuppāde. <span class="bld">Acalamevā</span>ti aparivattameva anaññabhāvato, mañcānaṃ pana appamahantatāhi pādānaṃ patiṭṭhitaṭṭhānassa hānivaḍḍhiyo hontiyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yantanāḷikāhi</span> paripuṇṇasuvaṇṇarasadhārāhi. <span class="bld">Nhānavatta</span>nti ‘‘pabbajitena nāma evaṃ nhāyitabba’’nti nahānacārittaṃ dassetvā. Yasmā bhagavato sarīraṃ sudhantacāmīkarasamānavaṇṇaṃ suparisodhitapavāḷarucirakaracaraṇāvaraṃ suvisuddhanīlaratanāvaḷisadisakesatanuruhaṃ, tasmā tahaṃ tahaṃ vinissatajātihiṅgulakarasūpasobhitaṃ upari mahaggharatanāvaḷisañchāditaṃ jaṅgamamiva kanakagirisikharaṃ virocittha. Tasmiñca samaye dasabalassa sarīrato nikkhamitvā chabbaṇṇarasmiyo samantato asītihatthappamāṇe padese ādhāvantī vidhāvantī ratanāvaḷiratanadāma-ratanacuṇṇa-vippakiṇṇaṃ viya, pasāritaratanacittakañcanapaṭṭamiva, āsiñcamānalākhārasadhārā-citamiva<a name="V2.0119"></a>, ukkāsatanipātasamākulamiva, nirantaraṃ vippakiṇṇa-kaṇikāra-kiṅkiṇika-pupphamiva, vāyuvegasamuddhata-cinapiṭṭhacuṇṇa-rañjitamiva, indadhanu-vijjulatā-vitānasanthatamiva, gaganatalaṃ taṃ ṭhānaṃ pavanañca sammā pharanti. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vaṇṇabhūmi nāmesā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Attha</span>nti upameyyatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Upamāyo</span>ti ‘‘īdiso ca hotī’’ti yathārahaṃ tadanucchavikā upamā. <span class="bld">Kāraṇānī</span>ti upamupameyyasambandhavibhāvanāni kāraṇāni. <span class="bld">Pūretvā</span>ti vaṇṇanaṃ paripuṇṇaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Thāmo veditabbo</span> ‘‘atitthe pakkhando’’ti avattabbattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para273"></a><a name="para273_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">273</span>. <span class="bld">Kaṇṇikā</span>ti sarīragatabindukatāni maṇḍalāni. <span class="bld">Parikkhārabhaṇḍa</span>nti uttarāsaṅgaṃ saṅghāṭiñca sandhāya vadati. Kiṃ panāyaṃ nayo buddhānampi sarīre hotīti? Na hoti, vattadassanatthaṃ panetaṃ katanti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘buddhānaṃ panā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Gamanavasena kāyassābhinīharaṇaṃ <span class="bld">gamanābhihāro</span>. Yathādhippāyāvattanaṃ <span class="bld">adhippāyakopanaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aññatarāya pāramiyā</span>ti nekkhammapāramiyā. Vīriyapāramiyāti apare. <span class="bld">Mahābhinikkhamanassā</span>ti mahantassa carimabhave abhinikkhamanassa. Tañhi mahantaṃ <a name="M2.0126"></a> bhogakkhandhaṃ mahantañca ñātiparivaṭṭaṃ mahantañca cakkavattisiriṃ pajahitvā sadevakassa lokassa samārakassa ca acinteyyāparimeyyabhedassa mahato atthāya hitāya sukhāya pavattattā mahanīyatāya ca mahantaṃ abhinikkhamananti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Purimo</span>ti ‘‘katamāya nu kathāya sannisinnā bhavathā’’ti evaṃ vuttaattho. <span class="bld">Kā ca pana vo</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">ca</span>-saddo byatireke. Tena yathāpucchitāya kathāya vakkhamānaṃ vippakatabhāvaṃ joteti. <span class="bld">Pana</span>-saddo vacanālaṅkāre. Yāya hi kathāya te bhikkhū sannisinnā, sā eva antarākathābhūtā vippakatā visesena puna pucchīyati. <span class="bld">Aññā</span>ti antarā-saddassa atthamāha. Aññattho hi ayaṃ antarā-saddo ‘‘bhūmantaraṃ (dha. sa. aṭṭha. nidānakathā) samayantara’’ntiādīsu viya, <span class="bld">antarā</span>ti vā vemajjheti attho. <span class="bld">Dasakathāvatthunissitā</span>ti ‘‘kiṃ sīlaṃ nāma, kathañca pūretabbaṃ, kāni cassa saṃkilesavodānānī’’tiādinā appicchādinissitā sīlādinissitā ca kathā. <span class="bld">Ariyo</span>ti niddoso. Atha vā atthakāmehi araṇīyoti <span class="bld">ariyo,</span> ariyānaṃ ayanti vā <span class="bld">ariyo</span>ti. Bhāvanāmanasikāravasena <span class="bld">tuṇhī</span> bhavanti, na ekaccabāhirakapabbajitā viya mūgabbatasamādānena. <span class="bld">Dutiyajjhānampi ariyo tuṇhībhāvo</span> vacīsaṅkhārapahānato. <span class="bld">Mūlakammaṭṭhāna</span>nti pārihāriya kammaṭṭhānampi. <span class="bld">Jhāna</span>nti dutiyajjhānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para274"></a><a name="para274_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">274</span>. ‘‘Sannipatitānaṃ <a name="V2.0120"></a> vo, bhikkhave, dvaya’’nti (ma. ni. 1.273; udā. 12, 28, 29) aṭṭhuppattivasena desanā pavattāti tassā uparidesanāya sambandhaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘dvemā, bhikkhave, pariyesanāti ko anusandhī’’</span>ti anusandhiṃ pucchati. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ tumhākaṃ pariyesanā</span>ti yā mahābhinikkhamanapaṭibaddhā dhammī kathā, sā tumhākaṃ dhammapariyesanā dhammavicāraṇā ariyapariyesanā nāma. <span class="bld">Apāyamagga</span>nti anatthāvahaṃ maggaṃ. <span class="bld">Uddesānukkamaṃ bhinditvā</span>ti uddesānupubbiṃ laṅghitvā. <span class="bld">Dhamma</span>-saddo ‘‘amosadhammaṃ nibbāna’’ntiādīsu viya pakatipariyāyo. <span class="bld">Jāyanasabhāvo</span>ti jāyanapakatikoti attho. Sesapadesupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbatthā</span>ti yathā ‘‘puttabhariya’’nti dvandasamāsavasena ekattaṃ, esa nayo sabbattha ‘‘dāsidāsa’’ntiādīsu sabbapadesu. Parato vikāraṃ anāpajjitvā <a name="M2.0127"></a> sabbadā jātarūpameva hotīti <span class="bld">jātarūpaṃ,</span> suvaṇṇaṃ. Dhavalasabhāvatāya rañjīyatīti <span class="bld">rajataṃ,</span> rūpiyaṃ. Idha pana suvaṇṇaṃ ṭhapetvā yaṃ kiñci upabhogaparibhogārahaṃ rajataṃteva gahitaṃ. Upadhīyati ettha dukkhanti <span class="bld">upadhayo. Cutīsaṅkhātaṃ maraṇa</span>nti ekabhavapariyāpannaṃ khandhanirodhasaṅkhātaṃ maraṇamāha. Khaṇikanirodho pana khaṇe khaṇe. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sattānaṃ viyā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Saṃkilissatī</span>ti dūsavisena viya attānaṃ dūsissati. Tenāha bhagavā – ‘‘pañcime, bhikkhave, jātarūpassa upakkilesā ayo loha’’ntiādi (a. ni. 5.23). <span class="bld">Malaṃ gahetvā</span>ti yehi sahayogato malinaṃ hoti, tesaṃ malinabhāvapaccayānaṃ vasena malaṃ gahetvā. Jīraṇato jarādhammavāre jātarūpaṃ gahitanti yojanā. Ye pana jātidhammavārepi jātarūpaṃ na paṭhanti, tesaṃ itaresaṃ viya jīraṇadhammavāre sarūpato anāgatampi upadhiggahaṇena gahitamevāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Pariggahe ṭhitānaṃ pana vasena vuccamāne apākaṭānampi jātijarāmaraṇānaṃ vasena yojanā labbhateva. Jātarūpasīsena cettha sabbassapi anindriyabaddhassa gahaṇaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ, puttabhariyādiggahaṇena viya mittāmaccādiggahaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para275"></a><a name="para275_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">275</span>. Ariyehi pariyesanā, ariyānaṃ pariyesanāti vā <span class="bld">ariyapariyesanā</span>ti samāsadvayaṃ dasseti <span class="bld">‘‘ayaṃ, bhikkhave’’</span>tiādinā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para276"></a><a name="para276_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">276</span>. <span class="bld">Mūlato paṭṭhāyā</span>ti yaṃ mahābhinikkhamanassa mūlabhāvesuādīnavadassanaṃ, tato paṭṭhāya. Yasmā te bhikkhū tattha mahābhinikkhamanakathāya sannisinnā, sā ca nesaṃ antarākathā vippakatā, tasmā bhagavā tesaṃ mūlato paṭṭhāya mahābhinikkhamanakathaṃ kathetuṃ ārabhi. <span class="bld">Ahampi pubbe</span>ti visesavacanaṃ aparipakkañāṇena sayaṃ carimabhave tīsu pāsādesu tividhanāṭakaparivārassa dibbasampattisadisāya mahāsampattiyā anubhavanaṃ, abhinikkhamitvā padhānapadahanavasena <a name="V2.0121"></a> attakilamathānuyogañca sandhāyāha. <span class="bld">Anariyapariyesanaṃ pariyesi</span>nti etthāpi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Pañcavaggiyāpī</span>ti yathāsakaṃ gihibhogaṃ anuyuttā taṃ pahāya pabbajitvā attakilamathānuyoge ṭhitā satthu dhammacakkapavattanadesanāya (saṃ. ni. 5.1081; mahāva. 13; paṭi. ma. 2.30) tampi pahāya ariyapariyesanaṃ pariyesiṃsūti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para277"></a><a name="para277_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">277</span>. Kāmaṃ <a name="M2.0128"></a> <span class="bld">dahara</span>-saddo ‘‘daharaṃ kumāraṃ mandaṃ uttānaseyyaka’’nti (ma. ni. 1.496) ettha bāladārake āgato, ‘‘bhadrena yobbanena samannāgato’’ti pana vakkhamānattā yuvāvatthā idha dahara-saddena vuttāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘taruṇova samāno’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Paṭhamavayena</span> ekūnatiṃsavayattā. Jātiyā hi yāva tettiṃsavayā paṭhamavayo. <span class="bld">Anādaratthe sāmivacanaṃ</span> yathā ‘‘devadattassa rudantassa pabbajī’’ti. Kāmaṃ assumuccanaṃ rodanaṃ, taṃ <span class="bld">assumukhāna</span>nti iminā pakāsitaṃ, taṃ pana vatvā <span class="bld">‘‘rudantāna’’</span>nti vacanaṃ balavasokasamuṭṭhānaṃ ārodanavatthuṃ pakāsetīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kanditvā rodamānāna’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Kiṃ kusalanti gavesamāno</span>ti kinti sabbaso avajjarahitaṃ ekanta niyyānikaṃ pariyesamāno. <span class="bld">Varapada</span>nti vaṭṭadukkhanissaraṇatthikehi ekantena varaṇīyaṭṭhena varaṃ, pajjitabbaṭṭhena padaṃ. Tuṅgasarīratāya dīgho, piṅgalacakkhutāya piṅgaloti <span class="bld">dīghapiṅgalo. Dhammo</span>ti vinayo, samayoti attho. <span class="bld">Sutvāva uggaṇhi</span>nti tena vuccamānassa savanamatteneva uggaṇhiṃ vācuggataṃ akāsiṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭilapanamattakenā</span>ti puna lapanamattakena. Jānātīti ñāṇo, ñāṇoti vādo ñāṇavādo, taṃ <span class="bld">ñāṇavādaṃ</span>. ‘‘Vadāmī’’ti āgatattā <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathāyaṃ ‘‘jānāmī’’</span>ti uttamapurisavasena attho vutto. <span class="bld">Aññepi bahū</span>ti aññepi bahū mama tathābhāvaṃ jānantā ‘‘ayaṃ imaṃ dhammaṃ jānātī’’ti, ‘‘akampanīyatāya thiro’’ti vā evaṃ vadanti. <span class="bld">Lābhīti aññāsī</span>ti dhammassa uddisanena mahāpaññatāya ‘‘ayaṃ attanā gatamaggaṃ pavedeti, na anussutiko’’ti aññāsi. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti bodhisattassa. <span class="bld">Etadahosī</span>ti etaṃ ‘‘na kho āḷāro kālāmo’’tiādi manasi ahosi, cintesīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Heṭṭhimasamāpattīhi vinā uparimasamāpattīnaṃ sampādanassa asambhavato <span class="bld">‘‘satta samāpattiyo maṃ jānāpesī’’</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Payogaṃ kareyya</span>nti bhāvanaṃ anuyuñjeyyanti attho. <span class="bld">Evamāhā</span>ti evaṃ ‘‘ahaṃ, āvuso’’tiādimāha, sattannaṃ samāpattīnaṃ adhigamaṃ paccaññāsīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anusūyako</span>ti anissukī. Tena mahāpurise pasādaṃ pavedesi. Bodhisattassa tā samāpattiyo <a name="V2.0122"></a> nibbattetvā ṭhitassa purimajātiparicayena ñāṇassa ca mahantatāya tāsaṃ gati ca abhisamparāyo ca upaṭṭhāsi<a name="M2.0129"></a>. Tena ‘‘vaṭṭapariyāpannā evetā’’ti nicchayo udapādi. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘nāyaṃ dhammo nibbidāyā’’</span>tiādi. Ekaccānaṃ virāgabhāvanāsamatikkamāvahopi neva tesampi accantāya samatikkamāvaho, sayañca vaṭṭapariyāpannoyeva, tasmā neva vaṭṭe nibbindanatthāya, yadaggena na nibbidāya, tadaggena na virajjanatthāya, rāgādīnaṃ pāpadhammānaṃ na nirujjhanatthāya, na upasamatthāya, tasmā taṃ abhiññeyyadhammaṃ na abhijānanatthāya…pe… saṃvattatīti yojanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yāvadeva ākiñcaññāyatanupapattiyā</span>ti sattasu samāpattīsu ukkaṭṭhaṃ gahetvā vadati. Uṭṭhāya samuṭṭhāya acutidhammaṃ pariyesituṃ yuttattā tañca anatikkantajātidhammamevāti mahāsatto pajahatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yañca ṭhānaṃ pāpetī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Tato paṭṭhāyā</span>ti yadā samāpattidhammassa gatiñca abhisamparāyañca abbhaññāsi, tato paṭṭhāya. <span class="bld">Makkhikāvasenā</span>ti bhojanassa makkhikāmissatāvasena. <span class="bld">Manaṃ na uppādeti</span> bhuñjitunti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Mahantena ussāhenā</span>ti idaṃ katipāhaṃ tattha bhāvanānuyogamattaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ, na aññesaṃ viya kasiṇaparikammādikaraṇaṃ. Na hi antimabhavikabodhisattānaṃ samāpattinibbattane bhāriyaṃ nāma. <span class="bld">Analaṅkaritvā</span>ti anu anu alaṃkatvā punappunaṃ ‘‘iminā na kiñci payojana’’nti katvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para278"></a><a name="para278_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">278</span>. <span class="bld">Vācāya uggahitamattovā</span>ti ettha pubbe vuttanayānusārena attho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para279"></a><a name="para279_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">279</span>. Mahāvelā viya <span class="bld">mahāvelā,</span> vipulavālikapuñjatāya mahanto velātaṭo viyāti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘mahāvālikarāsīti attho’’</span>ti. Uru maru sikatā vālukā vaṇṇu vālikāti ime saddā samānatthā, byañjanameva nānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Senā nigacchi nivisi etthāti <span class="bld">senānigamo,</span> senāya niviṭṭhaṭṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Senānigāmo</span>ti pana ayaṃ samaññā aparakālikā. Gocaragāmanidassanañcetaṃ. <span class="bld">Uparisuttasmi</span>nti mahāsaccakasutte. <span class="bld">Idha pana bodhipallaṅko adhippeto</span> ariyapariyesanāya vuccamānattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para280"></a><a name="para280_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">280</span>. ‘‘Ñāṇadassana’’nti <a name="M2.0130"></a> ca ekajjhaṃ gahitapadadvayavisayavisesassa anāmaṭṭhattā ‘‘me’’ti ca gahitattā anavasesañeyyāvabodhanasamatthameva ñāṇavisesaṃ bodheti, na ñāṇamattaṃ, na dassanamattanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbadhammadassanasamatthañca me sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ udapādī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Akuppatāyā</span>ti vimokkhantatāya sabbaso paṭipakkhadhammehi asaṅkhobhanīyatāya. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘rāgādīhi</span> <a name="V2.0123"></a> <span class="bld">na kuppatī’’</span>ti. Ārammaṇasantatāyapi tadārammaṇānaṃ atthi viseso yathā taṃ ‘‘āneñjavihāre’’ti āha <span class="bld">‘‘akuppārammaṇatāya cā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Paccavekkhaṇañāṇampī</span>ti na kevalaṃ sabbaññutaññāṇameva, atha kho yathādhigate paṭivedhasaddhamme ekūnavīsatividhapaccavekkhaṇañāṇampi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para281"></a><a name="para281_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">281</span>. <span class="bld">Paṭividdhoti</span> (dī. ni. ṭī. 2.64; saṃ. ni. ṭī. 1.1.172; sārattha. ṭī. mahāvagga 3.7) sayambhuñāṇena ‘‘idaṃ dukkha’’ntiādinā paṭimukhaṃ nibbijjhanavasena patto, yathābhūtaṃ avabuddhoti attho. <span class="bld">Gambhīro</span>ti mahāsamuddo viya makasatuṇḍasūciyā aññatra samupacitaparipakkañāṇasambhārehi aññesaṃ ñāṇena alabbhaneyyapatiṭṭho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘uttānabhāvapaṭikkhepavacanameta’’</span>nti. Yo alabbhaneyyapatiṭṭho, so ogāhitumasakkuṇeyyatāya sarūpato ca passituṃ na sakkāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘gambhīrattāva duddaso’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Dukkhena daṭṭhabbo</span>ti kicchena kenacideva daṭṭhabbo. Yaṃ pana daṭṭhumeva na sakkā, tassa ogāhetvā anu anu bujjhane kathā eva natthīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘duddasattāva duranubodho’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Dukkhena avabujjhitabbo</span> avabodhassa dukkarabhāvato. Imasmiṃ ṭhāne – ‘‘taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, katamaṃ nu kho dukkarataraṃ vā durabhisambhavataraṃ vā’’ti <span class="bld">suttapadaṃ</span> (saṃ. ni. 5.1115) vattabbaṃ. Santārammaṇatāya vā <span class="bld">santo.</span> Nibbutasabbapariḷāhatāya<span class="bld"> nibbuto</span>. Padhānabhāvaṃ nītoti vā <span class="bld">paṇīto</span>. Atittikaraṭṭhena <span class="bld">atappako</span> sādurasabhojanaṃ viya. Ettha ca nirodhasaccaṃ santaṃ ārammaṇanti <span class="bld">santārammaṇaṃ,</span> maggasaccaṃ santaṃ santārammaṇañcāti <span class="bld">santārammaṇaṃ</span>. Anupasantasabhāvānaṃ kilesānaṃ saṅkhārānañca abhāvato nibbutasabbapariḷāhatāya santapaṇītabhāveneva ca asecanakatāya atappakatā daṭṭhabbā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘idaṃ dvayaṃ lokuttarameva sandhāya vutta’’</span>nti. Uttamañāṇavisayattā <span class="bld">na takkena avacaritabbo,</span> tato eva nipuṇañāṇagocaratāya ca <span class="bld">saṇho</span>. Sukhumasabhāvattā ca <span class="bld">nipuṇo,</span> bālānaṃ avisayattā <a name="M2.0131"></a> paṇḍitehi eva veditabboti <span class="bld">paṇḍitavedanīyo</span>. Ālīyanti abhiramitabbaṭṭhena sevīyantīti <span class="bld">ālayā,</span> pañca kāmaguṇā. Ālayanti allīyantī abhiramaṇavasena sevantīti <span class="bld">ālayā,</span> taṇhāvicaritāni. <span class="bld">Ramantī</span>ti ratiṃ vindanti kīḷanti laḷanti. <span class="bld">Ālayaratā</span>ti ālayaniratā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ṭhānaṃ sandhāyā</span>ti ṭhāna-saddaṃ sandhāya. Atthato pana <span class="bld">ṭhāna</span>nti ca paṭiccasamuppādo eva adhippeto. Tiṭṭhati phalaṃ tadāyattavuttitāyāti <span class="bld">ṭhānaṃ,</span> saṅkhārādīnaṃ paccayabhūtā avijjādayo. Imesaṃ saṅkhārādīnaṃ paccayāti idappaccayā, avijjādayova. Idappaccayā eva <span class="bld">idappaccayatā</span> yathā ‘‘devo eva devatā’’ti, idappaccayānaṃ vā avijjādīnaṃ attano phalaṃ pati paccayabhāvo <a name="V2.0124"></a> uppādanasamatthatā <span class="bld">idappaccayatā</span>. Tena samatthapaccayalakkhaṇo paṭiccasamuppādo dassito hoti. Paṭicca samuppajjati phalaṃ etasmāti <span class="bld">paṭiccasamuppādo</span>. Padadvayenapi dhammānaṃ paccayaṭṭho eva vibhāvito. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘saṅkhārādipaccayānaṃ etaṃ adhivacana’’</span>nti. Ayamettha saṅkhepo, vitthāro pana <span class="bld">visuddhimaggasaṃvaṇṇanāyaṃ</span> (visuddhi. mahāṭī. 2.572-573) vuttanayena veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbasaṅkhārasamathotiādi sabba</span>nti sabbasaṅkhārasamathādisaddābhidheyyaṃ sabbaṃ atthato <span class="bld">nibbānameva</span>. Idāni tassa nibbānabhāvaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yasmā hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Nti nibbānaṃ. <span class="bld">Āgammā</span>ti paṭicca ariyamaggassa ārammaṇapaccayabhāvahetu. <span class="bld">Sammantī</span>ti appaṭisandhikūpasamavasena sammanti. Tathā santā savisesaṃ upasantā nāma hontīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vūpasammantī’’</span>ti. Etena ‘‘sabbe saṅkhārā sammanti etthāti <span class="bld">sabbasaṅkhārasamatho,</span> nibbāna’’nti dasseti. Sabbasaṅkhatavisaṃyutte ca nibbāne sabbasaṅkhāravūpasamapariyāyo heṭṭhā vuttanayeneva veditabbo. Sesapadesupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Paṭinissaṭṭhā</span>ti samucchedavasena pariccattā honti. <span class="bld">Sabbā taṇhā</span>ti aṭṭhasatappabhedā sabbāpi taṇhā. <span class="bld">Sabbe kilesarāgā</span>ti kāmarāgarūparāgādibhedā sabbepi kilesabhūtā rāgā, sabbepi vā kilesā idha ‘‘kilesarāgā’’ti veditabbā, na lobhavisesā eva cittassa vipariṇatabhāvāpādanato<a name="M2.0132"></a>. Yathāha ‘‘rattampi cittaṃ vipariṇataṃ, duṭṭhampi cittaṃ vipariṇataṃ, mūḷhampi cittaṃ vipariṇata’’nti (pārā. 271). <span class="bld">Virajjantī</span>ti palujjanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ciranisajjācirabhāsanehi piṭṭhiāgilāyanatālugalasosādivasena <span class="bld">kāyakilamatho</span> ceva <span class="bld">kāyavihesā</span> ca veditabbā. Sā ca kho desanāya atthaṃ ajānantānaṃ vasena vuttā, jānantānaṃ pana desanāya kāyaparissamopi satthu aparissamova. Tenāha bhagavā – ‘‘na ca maṃ dhammādhikaraṇaṃ vihesesī’’ti (udā. 10). Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘yā ajānantānaṃ desanā nāma, so mama kilamatho assā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ubhaya</span>nti cittakilamatho ceva cittavihesā cāti ubhayampetaṃ <span class="bld">buddhānaṃ natthi</span> bodhimūleyeva samucchinnattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anubrūhanaṃ</span> sampiṇḍanaṃ. <span class="bld">So</span>ti ‘‘apissū’’ti nipāto. <span class="bld">Ma</span>nti paṭi-saddayogena sāmiatthe upayogavacananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘mamā’’</span>ti. Vuddhippattā vā acchariyā <span class="bld">anacchariyā</span>. Vuddhiatthopi hi a-kāro hoti yathā ‘‘asekkhā dhammā’’ti (dha. sa. 11.tikamātikā). Kappānaṃ satasahassaṃ cattāri ca asaṅkhyeyyāni sadevakassa lokassa dhammasaṃvibhāgakaraṇatthameva pāramiyo pūretvā <a name="V2.0125"></a> idāni adhigatadhammarajjassa tattha appossukkatāpattidīpanatā, gāthātthassa acchariyatā, tassa vuddhippatti cāti veditabbaṃ. Atthadvārena hi gāthānaṃ anacchariyatā. <span class="bld">Gocarā ahesu</span>nti upaṭṭhahesuṃ. Upaṭṭhānañca vitakketabbatāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘parivitakkayitabbataṃ pāpuṇiṃsū’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadi sukhāpaṭipadāva, kathaṃ kicchatāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pāramīpūraṇakāle panā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Evamādīni</span> duppariccajāni <span class="bld">dentassa. Ha</span>-iti vā ‘‘byatta’’nti etasmiṃ atthe nipāto. Ekaṃsattheti keci. Ha byattaṃ, ekaṃsena vā alaṃ nippayojanaṃ evaṃ kicchena adhigatassa dhammassa desitanti yojanā. <span class="bld">Hala</span>nti vā ‘‘ala’’nti iminā samānatthaṃ padaṃ ‘‘halanti vadāmī’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. ṭī. 2.65; saṃ. ni. ṭī. 1.1.172) viya. <span class="bld">Rāgadosapariphuṭṭhehī</span>ti phuṭṭhavisena viya sappena rāgena dosena ca samphuṭṭhehi abhibhūtehi. <span class="bld">Rāgadosānugatehī</span>ti rāgena ca dosena ca anubandhehi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāmarāgarattā <a name="M2.0133"></a> bhavarāgarattā ca nīvaraṇehi nivutatāya, diṭṭhirāgarattā viparītābhinivesena. <span class="bld">Na dakkhantī</span>ti yāthāvato dhammaṃ na paṭivijjhissanti. <span class="bld">Evaṃ gāhāpetu</span>nti ‘‘anicca’’ntiādinā sabhāvena yāthāvato dhammaṃ jānāpetuṃ. Rāgadosaparetatāpi nesaṃ sammūḷhabhāvenevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tamokhandhena āvuṭā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para282"></a><a name="para282_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">282</span>. Dhammadesanāya appossukkatāpattiyā kāraṇaṃ vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kasmā panā’’</span>tiādinā sayameva codanaṃ samuṭṭhāpeti. Tattha <span class="bld">aññātavesenā</span>ti imassa bhagavato sāvakabhāvūpagamanena aññātarūpena. Tāpasavesenāti keci. So pana arahattādhigameneva vigaccheyya. Tividhaṃ kāraṇaṃ appossukkatāpattiyā paṭipakkhassa balavabhāvo, dhammassa gambhīratā, tattha ca sātisayaṃ gāravanti, ta dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tassa hī’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. (Tattha <span class="bld">paṭipakkhā</span> nāma rāgādayo kilesā sammāpaṭipattiyā antarāyakarattā. Tesaṃ balavabhāvato ciraparibhāvanāya sattasantānato dubbisodhiyatāya te satte mattahatthino viya dubbalapurisaṃ adhibhavitvā ajjhottharitvā anayabyasanaṃ āpādentā anekasatayojanāyāmavitthāraṃ sunicitaṃ ghanasannivesaṃ kaṇṭakaduggampi adhisenti. Dūrappabhedaducchejjatāhi dubbisodhiyataṃ pana dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘athassā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha ca anto amaṭṭhatāya <span class="bld">kañjiyapuṇṇā lābu</span>. Cirapārivāsikatāya <span class="bld">takkabharitā cāṭi</span>. Snehatintadubbalabhāvena <span class="bld">vasāpītapilotikā</span>. Telamissitatāya <span class="bld">añjanamakkhitahattho</span> dubbisodhanīyā vuttā, hīnūpamā cetā rūpapabandhabhāvato acirakālikattā ca malīnatāya, kilesasaṃkileso eva pana dubbisodhanīyataro anādikālikattā <a name="V2.0126"></a> anusayitattā ca. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘atisaṃkiliṭṭhā’’</span>ti. Yathā ca dubbisodhanīyataratāya, evaṃ gambhīraduddasaduranubodhānampi vuttaupamā hīnūpamāva).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paṭipakkhavigamanena gambhīropi dhammo supākaṭo bhaveyya. Paṭipakkhavigamanaṃ pana sammāpaṭipattipaṭibaddhaṃ, sā saddhammassavanādhīnā. Taṃ satthari dhamme ca pasādāyattaṃ, so garuṭṭhāniyānaṃ ajjhesanahetukoti panāḷikāya sattānaṃ dhammasampaṭipattiyā brahmayācanānimittanti taṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘apicā’’</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Upakkilesabhūtaṃ <a name="M2.0134"></a> appaṃ rāgādirajaṃ etassāti apparajaṃ, apparajaṃ akkhi paññācakkhu yesaṃ te taṃsabhāvāti katvā <span class="bld">apparajakkhajātikā</span>ti ayamattho vibhāvito <span class="bld">‘‘paññāmaye’’</span>tiādinā. Appaṃ rāgādirajaṃ yesaṃ taṃsabhāvā <span class="bld">apparajakkhajātikā</span>ti evampi saddattho sambhavati. Dānādidasapuññakiriyavatthūni saraṇagamanaparahitapariṇāmanehi saddhiṃ (dvādasa hontīti) <span class="bld">‘‘dvādasapuññakiriyavasenā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Rāgādimalena <span class="bld">samalehi</span> pūraṇādīhi <span class="bld">chahi satthārehi</span> satthupaṭiññehi kabbaracanāvasena cintākaviādibhāve ṭhatvā takkapariyāhataṃ vīmaṃsānucaritaṃ sayaṃpaṭibhānaṃ <span class="bld">cintito</span>. Te kira buddhakolāhalānussavena sañjātakutūhalaṃ lokaṃ vañcetvā kohaññe ṭhatvā sabbaññutaṃ paṭijānantā yaṃ kiñci adhammaṃyeva dhammoti dīpesuṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘te hi puretaraṃ uppajjitvā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Apāpureta</span>nti etaṃ kassapassa bhagavato sāsanantaradhānato pabhuti pihitaṃ nibbānanagarassa mahādvāraṃ ariyamaggaṃ saddhammadesanāhatthena apāpura vivara.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Selapabbato ucco hoti thiro ca, na paṃsupabbato missakapabbato cāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sele yathā pabbatamuddhanī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Dhammamayaṃ pāsāda</span>nti lokuttaradhammamāha. So hi sabbaso pasādāvaho, sabbadhamme atikkamma abbhuggataṭṭhena pāsādasadiso ca. Paññāpariyāyo vā idha <span class="bld">dhamma</span>-saddo. Sā hi abbhuggataṭṭhena ‘‘pāsādo’’ti <span class="bld">abhidhamme</span> (dha. sa. aṭṭha. 16) niddiṭṭhā. Tathā cāha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Paññāpāsādamāruyha, asoko sokiniṃ pajaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Pabbataṭṭhova bhūmaṭṭhe, dhīro bāle avekkhatī’’ti. (dha. pa. 28);</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uṭṭhehī</span>ti <a name="V2.0127"></a> vā dhammadesanāya appossukkatāsaṅkhātasaṅkocāpattito kilāsubhāvato uṭṭhaha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para283"></a><a name="para283_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">283</span>. Garuṭṭhāniyaṃ payirupāsitvā garutaraṃ payojanaṃ uddissa abhipatthanā ajjhesanā, sāpi atthato yācanāva hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ajjhesananti yācana’’</span>nti. Padesavisayaṃ ñāṇadassanaṃ ahutvā buddhānaṃyeva <a name="M2.0135"></a> āveṇikabhāvato idaṃ ñāṇadvayaṃ ‘‘buddhacakkhū’’ti vuccatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘imesañhi dvinnaṃ ñāṇānaṃ buddhacakkhūti nāma’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Tiṇṇaṃ maggañāṇāna</span>nti heṭṭhimānaṃ tiṇṇaṃ maggañāṇānaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘dhammacakkhū’’</span>ti nāmaṃ catusaccadhammadassanamattabhāvato. Yato tāni ñāṇāni vijjūpamabhāvena vuttāni, aggamaggañāṇaṃ pana ñāṇakiccassa sikhāppattiyā na dassanamattaṃ hotīti ‘‘dhammacakkhū’’ti na vuccati, tato taṃ vajirūpamabhāvena vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Vuttanayenā</span>ti ‘‘apparajakkhā’’ti ettha vuttanayena. Yasmā mandakilesā <span class="bld">‘‘apparajakkhā’’</span>ti vuttā, tasmā bahalakilesā <span class="bld">‘‘mahārajakkhā’’</span>ti veditabbā. Paṭipakkhavidhamanasamatthatāya <span class="bld">tikkhāni</span> sūrāni visadāni, vuttavipariyāyena <span class="bld">mudūni. Saddhādayo ākārā</span>ti saddahanādippakāre vadati. <span class="bld">Sundarā</span>ti kalyāṇā. <span class="bld">Sammohavinodaniyaṃ</span> (vibha. aṭṭha. 814) pana ‘‘yesaṃ āsayādayo koṭṭhāsā sundarā, te svākārā, viparītā dvākārā’’ti vuttaṃ, taṃ imāya atthavaṇṇanāya aññadatthu saṃsandati sametīti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Kāraṇaṃ</span> nāma paccayākāro, saccāni vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ayaṃ panettha pāḷī</span>ti ettha apparajakkhādipadānaṃ atthavibhāvane ayaṃ tassatthassa vibhāvanī pāḷi. Saddhādīnaṃ vimuttiparipācakadhammānaṃ balavabhāvo tappaṭipakkhānaṃ pāpadhammānaṃ dubbalabhāveneva hoti, tesañca balavabhāvo saddhādīnaṃ dubbalabhāvenāti vimuttiparipācakadhammānaṃ atthitānatthitāvasena apparajakkhamahārajakkhatādayo pāḷiyaṃ vibhajitvā dassitā. Khandhādayo eva lujjanapalujjanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">loko</span>. Sampattibhavabhūto loko <span class="bld">sampattibhavaloko,</span> sugatisaṅkhāto upapattibhavo. Sampatti sambhavati etenāti <span class="bld">sampattisambhavaloko</span>. Sugatisaṃvattaniyo kammabhavo. Duggati saṅkhātaupapattibhavaduggati saṃvattaniyakammabhavā <span class="bld">vipattibhavalokavipattisambhavalokā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Puna ekakadukādivasena lokaṃ vibhajitvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘eko loko’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Āhārādayo viya hi āhāraṭṭhitikā saṅkhārā lujjanapalujjanaṭṭhena lokoti. Ettha <span class="bld">eko loko sabbe sattā āhāraṭṭhitikā</span>ti yāyaṃ puggalādhiṭṭhānāya kathāya sabbasaṅkhārānaṃ paccayāyattavutti, tāya sabbe saṅkhārā ekova loko ekavidho pakārantarassa abhāvato. <span class="bld">Dve lokā</span>tiādīsupi iminā <a name="M2.0136"></a> nayena attho veditabbo. Nāmaggahaṇena cettha nibbānassa aggahaṇaṃ tassa alokasabhāvattā. Nanu ca <span class="bld">āhāraṭṭhitikā</span>ti ettha paccayāyattavuttitāya maggaphalānampi lokatā <a name="V2.0128"></a> āpajjatīti? Nāpajjati pariññeyyānaṃ dukkhasaccadhammānaṃ idha ‘‘loko’’ti adhippetattā. Atha vā na lujjati na palujjatīti yo gahito tathā na hoti, so lokoti taṃ-gahaṇarahitānaṃ lokuttarānaṃ natthi lokatā. Upādānānaṃ ārammaṇabhūtā khandhā <span class="bld">upādānakkhandhā. Dasāyatanānī</span>ti dasa rūpāyatanāni. Sesamettha suviññeyyameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vivaṭṭajjhāsayassa adhippetattā tassa ca sabbaṃ tebhūmakakammaṃ garahitabbaṃ vajjitabbañca hutvā upaṭṭhātīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sabbe abhisaṅkhārā vajjaṃ, sabbe bhavagāmikammā vajja’’</span>nti. Apparajakkhamahārajakkhādīsu pañcasu dukesu ekekasmiṃ dasa dasa katvā <span class="bld">‘‘paññāsāya ākārehi imāni pañcindriyāni jānātī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Atha vā anvayato byatirekato ca saddhādīnaṃ indriyānaṃ paropariyattaṃ jānātīti katvā tathā vuttaṃ. Ettha ca apparajakkhādibhabbādivasena āvajjentassa bhagavato te sattā puñjapuñjāva hutvā upaṭṭhahanti, na ekekā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Uppalāni ettha santīti <span class="bld">uppalinī,</span> gacchopi jalāsayopi, idha pana jalāsayo adhippetoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘uppalavane’’</span>ti. Yāni udakassa anto nimuggāneva hutvā pusanti vaḍḍhanti, tāni <span class="bld">antonimuggaposīni. Dīpitānī</span>ti <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> pakāsitāni, idheva vā ‘‘aññānipī’’tiādinā bhāsitāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ugghaṭitaññū</span>ti ugghaṭitaṃ nāma ñāṇugghaṭanaṃ, ñāṇe ugghaṭitamatte eva jānātīti attho. Vipañcitaṃ vitthāritameva atthaṃ jānātīti <span class="bld">vipañcitaññū</span>. Uddesādīhi netabboti <span class="bld">neyyo. Saha udāhaṭavelāyā</span>ti udāhāre udāhaṭamatteyeva. <span class="bld">Dhammābhisamayo</span>ti catusaccadhammassa ñāṇena saddhiṃ abhisamayo. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ vuccatī</span>ti ayaṃ ‘‘cattāro satipaṭṭhānā’’tiādinā nayena saṃkhittena mātikāya ṭhapiyamānāya desanānusārena ñāṇaṃ pesetvā arahattaṃ gaṇhituṃ samattho puggalo <span class="bld">‘‘ugghaṭitaññū’’</span>ti vuccati. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ vuccatī</span>ti ayaṃ saṃkhittena mātikaṃ ṭhapetvā vitthārena atthe <a name="M2.0137"></a> vibhajiyamāne arahattaṃ pāpuṇituṃ samattho puggalo <span class="bld">‘‘vipañcitaññū’’</span>ti vuccati. <span class="bld">Uddesato</span>ti uddesahetu, uddisantassa, uddisāpentassa vāti attho. <span class="bld">Paripucchato</span>ti atthaṃ paripucchantassa. <span class="bld">Anupubbena dhammābhisamayo hotī</span>ti anukkamena arahattappatti hoti. <span class="bld">Na tāya jātiyā dhammābhisamayo hotī</span>ti tena attabhāvena maggaṃ vā phalaṃ vā antamaso jhānaṃ vā vipassanaṃ vā nibbattetuṃ na sakkoti. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ vuccati puggalo padaparamo</span>ti ayaṃ puggalo byañjanapadameva paramaṃ assāti padaparamoti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kammāvaraṇenā</span>ti <a name="V2.0129"></a> (vibha. aṭṭha. 826) pañcavidhena ānantariyakammena. <span class="bld">Vipākāvaraṇenā</span>ti ahetukapaṭisandhiyā. Yasmā pana duhetukānampi ariyamaggapaṭivedho natthi, tasmā duhetukā paṭisandhipi ‘‘vipākāvaraṇamevā’’ti veditabbā. <span class="bld">Kilesāvaraṇenā</span>ti niyatamicchādiṭṭhiyā. <span class="bld">Assaddhā</span>ti buddhādīsu saddhārahitā. <span class="bld">Acchandikā</span>ti kattukamyatākusalacchandarahitā. Uttarakurukā manussā acchandikaṭṭhānaṃ paviṭṭhā. <span class="bld">Duppaññā</span>ti bhavaṅgapaññāya parihīnā. Bhavaṅgapaññāya pana paripuṇṇāyapi yassa bhavaṅgaṃ lokuttarassa paccayo na hoti, sopi duppañño eva nāma. <span class="bld">Abhabbā niyāmaṃ okkamituṃ kusalesu dhammesu sammatta</span>nti kusalesu dhammesu sammattaniyāmasaṅkhātaṃ maggaṃ okkamituṃ adhigantuṃ abhabbā. <span class="bld">Na kammāvaraṇenā</span>tiādīni vuttavipariyāyena veditabbāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nibbānassa dvāraṃ</span> pavisanamaggo. <span class="bld">Vivaritvā ṭhapito</span> mahākaruṇūpanissayena sayambhuñāṇena adhigatattā. <span class="bld">Saddhaṃ pamuñcantū</span>ti attano saddhaṃ pavesentu, saddahanākāraṃ upaṭṭhapentūti attho. Sukhena akicchena pavattanīyatāya <span class="bld">suppavattitaṃ. Na bhāsiṃ</span> na bhāsissāmīti cintesiṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para284"></a><a name="para284_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">284</span>. Dhammaṃ desessāmīti evaṃ pavattitadhammadesanāpaṭisaṃyuttassa vitakkassa sattamasattāhato paraṃ aṭṭhamasattāheyeva uppannattā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘aṭṭhame sattāhe’’</span>ti. Na itarasattāhāni viya paṭiniyatakiccalakkhitassa aṭṭhamasattāhassa nāma pavattitassa sabbhāvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vivaṭa</span>nti <a name="M2.0138"></a> devatāviggahena vivaṭaaṅgapaccaṅganiddāya janānaṃ pākaṭaṃ vippakāranti attho. ‘‘Buddhattaṃ anadhigantvā na paccāgamissāmī’’ti uppannavitakkātisayahetukena <span class="bld">pathavīparivattanacetiyaṃ nāma dassetvā</span>. Sākiyakoliyamallarajjavasena <span class="bld">tīṇi rajjāni. Rukkhamūle</span>ti nigrodhamūle. <span class="bld">Vatvā pakkāmi,</span> pakkamantiyā cassā mahāsatto ākāraṃ dassesi suvaṇṇathālaggahaṇāya, sā ‘‘tumhākaṃ taṃ pariccattamevā’’ti pakkāmi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Divāvihāraṃ katvā</span>ti nānāsamāpattiyo samāpajjanena divāvihāraṃ viharitvā. ‘‘Kāmaṃ taco ca nhāru ca, aṭṭhi ca avasissatu, upasussatu sarīre maṃsalohita’’ntiādinā <span class="bld">sutte</span> (ma. ni. 2.184; saṃ. ni. 2.237; a. ni. 2.5; 8.13; mahāni. 17, 196) āgatanayena <span class="bld">caturaṅgavīriyaṃ adhiṭṭhahitvā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Navayojana</span>nti ubbedhato vuttaṃ, puthulato dvādasayojanā, dīghato yāva cakkavāḷā āyatāti <a name="V2.0130"></a> vadanti. Ajjhottharanto upasaṅkamitvā – ‘‘uṭṭhehi so, siddhattha, ahaṃ imassa pallaṅkassa anucchaviko’’ti vatvā tattha sakkhiṃ otārento attano parisaṃ niddisi. Ekappahāreneva – ‘‘ayameva anucchaviko, ayameva anucchaviko’’ti kolāhalamakāsi, taṃ sutvā <span class="bld">mahāsatto…pe… hatthaṃ pasāreti</span>. Yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Acetanāyaṃ pathavī, aviññāya sukhaṃ dukhaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sāpi dānabalā mayhaṃ, sattakkhattuṃ pakampathā’’ti. (cariyā. 1.124);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pubbenivāsañāṇaṃ visodhetvāti ānetvā sambandho sīhāvalokanañāyena. <span class="bld">Vaṭṭavivaṭṭaṃ sammasitvā</span>ti catusaccamanasikāraṃ sandhāyāha. <span class="bld">Imassa pallaṅkassa atthāyā</span>ti pallaṅkasīsena adhigatavisesaṃ dasseti. Tattha hi sikhāppattavimuttisukhaṃ avijahanto antarantarā ca paṭiccasamuppādaṅgaṃ manasikaronto ekapallaṅkena nisīdi. <span class="bld">Ekaccāna</span>nti yā adhigatamaggā sacchikatanirodhā ekadesena ca buddhaguṇe jānanti, tā ṭhapetvā tadaññesaṃ devatānaṃ. <span class="bld">Aññepi buddhattakarā</span>ti visākhāpuṇṇamato paṭṭhāya rattindivaṃ evaṃ niccasamāhitabhāvahetukānaṃ buddhaguṇānaṃ upari aññepi <a name="M2.0139"></a> buddhattasādhakā, ‘‘ayaṃ buddho’’ti buddhabhāvassa paresaṃ vibhāvanā dhammā kiṃ nu kho atthīti yojanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Animisehī</span>ti dhammapītivipphāravasena pasādavikasitaniccalatāya nimesarahitehi. <span class="bld">Ratanacaṅkame</span>ti devatāhi māpite ratanamayacaṅkame. Ratanabhūtānaṃ sattannaṃ pakaraṇānaṃ tattha ca anantanayassa dhammaratanassa sammasanena <span class="bld">taṃ ṭhānaṃ ratanagharacetiyaṃ nāma jāta</span>ntipi vadanti. <span class="bld">Evanti</span> vakkhamānākārena. Chabbaṇṇānaṃ rasmīnaṃ dantehi nikkhamanato <span class="bld">chaddantanāgakulaṃ viyā</span>ti nidassanaṃ vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Heṭṭhā lohapāsādappamāṇo</span>ti navabhūmakassa sabbapaṭhamassa lohapāsādassa heṭṭhā lohapāsādappamāṇo. <span class="bld">Khandhakaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> (mahāva. aṭṭha. 5) pana tattha ‘‘bhaṇḍāgāragabbhappamāṇa’’nti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paccagghe</span>ti abhinave. Paccekaṃ mahagghatāya <span class="bld">paccagghe</span>ti keci, taṃ na sundaraṃ. Na hi buddhā bhagavanto mahagghaṃ paṭiggaṇhanti paribhuñjanti vā. <span class="bld">Piṇḍapāta</span>nti ettha manthañca madhupiṇḍikañca <a name="V2.0131"></a> sandhāya vadati. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ vitakko</span>ti – ‘‘kassa nu kho ahaṃ paṭhamaṃ dhammaṃ deseyya’’nti ayaṃ parivitakko.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṇḍiccenā</span>ti samāpattipaṭilābhasaṃsiddhena adhigamabāhusaccasaṅkhātena paṇḍitabhāvena. <span class="bld">Veyyattiyenā</span>ti samāpattipaṭilābhapaccayena pārihāriyapaññāsaṅkhātena byattabhāvena. <span class="bld">Medhāvī</span>ti tihetukapaṭisandhipaññāsaṅkhātāya taṃtaṃitikattabbatāpaññāsaṅkhātāya ca medhāya samannāgatoti evampettha attho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Mahājāniyo</span>ti mahāparihāniko. <span class="bld">Āgamanapādāpi natthī</span>ti idaṃ paṭhamaṃ vattabbaṃ, athāhaṃ tattha gaccheyyaṃ, gantvā desiyamānaṃ dhammampissa sotuṃ sotapasādopi natthīti yojanā. Kiṃ pana bhagavatā attano buddhānubhāvena te dhammaṃ ñāpetuṃ na sakkāti? Āma, na sakkā. Na hi parato ghosaṃ antarena sāvakānaṃ dhammābhisamayo sambhavati, aññathā itarapaccayarahitassapi dhammābhisamayena bhavitabbaṃ, na ca taṃ atthi. Vuttañhetaṃ – ‘‘dveme, bhikkhave, paccayā sammādiṭṭhiyā uppādāya parato ca ghoso ajjhattañca yonisomanasikāro’’ti (a. ni. 2.127). Pāḷiyaṃ rāmasseva samāpattilābhitā āgatā, na udakassa, taṃ tassa bodhisattena samāgatakālavasena vuttaṃ<a name="M2.0140"></a>. So hi pubbepi tattha yuttappayutto viharanto mahāpurisena khippaññeva samāpattīnaṃ nibbattitabhāvaṃ sutvā saṃvegajāto mahāsatte tato nibbijja pakkante ghaṭento vāyamanto nacirasseva aṭṭha samāpattiyo nibbattesi. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘nevasaññānāsaññāyatane nibbattoti addasā’’</span>ti. Ete aṭṭha brāhmaṇāti sambandho. <span class="bld">Chaḷaṅgavā</span>ti chaḷaṅgaviduno. <span class="bld">Manta</span>nti mantapadaṃ. ‘‘Nijjhāyitvā’’ti vacanaseso, mantetvāti attho. <span class="bld">Viyākariṃsū</span>ti kathesuṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yathāmantapada</span>nti lakkhaṇamantasaṅkhātavedavacanānurūpaṃ. <span class="bld">Gatā</span>ti paṭipannā. ‘‘Dveva gatiyo bhavanti anaññā’’ti (dī. ni. 2.33; 3.199-200; ma. ni. 2.384, 398) vuttaniyāmena nicchinituṃ asakkontā brāhmaṇā vuttameva paṭipajjiṃsu, na mahāpurisassa buddhabhāvappattiṃ paccāsīsiṃsu. <span class="bld">Ime pana</span> koṇḍaññādayo <span class="bld">pañca</span> ‘‘ekaṃsato buddho bhavissatī’’ti jātanicchayattā <span class="bld">mantapadaṃ atikkantā. Puṇṇapatta</span>nti tuṭṭhidānaṃ. <span class="bld">Nibbitakkā</span>ti nibbikappā, na dvedhā takkā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vappakāle</span>ti vapanakāle. Vapanatthaṃ bījāni nīharaṇantena tattha aggaṃ gahetvā dānaṃ <span class="bld">bījaggadānaṃ</span> nāma. <span class="bld">Lāyanaggā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo. Dhaññaphalassa nātipariṇatakāle <span class="bld">puthukakāle. Lāyane</span>ti sassalāyane. Yathā lūnaṃ hatthakaṃ katvā veṇivasena bandhanaṃ <span class="bld">veṇikaraṇaṃ</span>. Veṇiyo pana purisabhāravasena <a name="V2.0132"></a> bandhanaṃ <span class="bld">kalāpo</span>. Khale kalāpānaṃ ṭhapanadivase aggaṃ gahetvā dānaṃ <span class="bld">khalaggaṃ</span>. Madditvā vīhīnaṃ rāsikaraṇadivase aggaṃ gahetvā dānaṃ <span class="bld">bhaṇḍaggaṃ</span>. Koṭṭhāgāre dhaññassa pakkhipanadivase dānaṃ <span class="bld">koṭṭhaggaṃ. Uddharitvā</span>ti khalato dhaññassa uddharitvā. <span class="bld">Navannaṃ aggadānānaṃ dinnattā</span>ti idaṃ tassa rattaññūnaṃ aggabhāvatthāya katābhinīhārānurūpaṃ pavattitasāvakapāramiyā ciṇṇante pavattitattā vuttaṃ. Tiṇṇampi hi bodhisattānaṃ taṃtaṃpāramiyā sikhāppattakāle pavattitaṃ puññaṃ apuññaṃ vā garutaravipākameva hoti, dhammassa ca sabbapaṭhamaṃ sacchikiriyāya vinā kathaṃ rattaññūnaṃ aggabhāvasiddhīti. <span class="bld">Bahukārā kho ime pañcavaggiyā</span>ti idaṃ pana upakārānussaraṇamattakameva paricayavasena āḷārudakānussaraṇaṃ viya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para285"></a><a name="para285_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">285</span>. <span class="bld">Vivare</span>ti majjhe. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tigāvutantare ṭhāne’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ayojiyamāne upayogavacanaṃ na pāpuṇāti</span> sāmivacanassa pasaṅge antarā-saddayogena <a name="M2.0141"></a> upayogavacanassa icchitattā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘antarāsaddena pana yuttattā upayogavacanaṃ kata’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbaṃ tebhūmakadhammaṃ abhibhavitvā</span> pariññābhisamayavasena atikkamitvā. <span class="bld">Catubhūmakadhammaṃ</span> anavasesaṃ ñeyyaṃ sabbaso ñeyyāvaraṇassa pahīnattā sabbaññutaññāṇena <span class="bld">avediṃ</span>. Rajjanadussanamuyhanādinā <span class="bld">kilesena</span>. Appahātabbampi kusalābyākataṃ tappaṭibaddhakilesamathanena pahīnattā na hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbaṃ tebhūmakadhammaṃ jahitvā ṭhito’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ārammaṇato</span>ti ārammaṇakaraṇavasena.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kiñcāpi lokiyadhammānampi yādiso lokanāthassa adhigamo, na tādiso adhigamo parūpadeso atthi, lokuttaradhamme panassa lesopi natthīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘lokuttaradhamme mayhaṃ ācariyo nāma natthī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Paṭibhāgapuggalo</span>ti sīlādīhi guṇehi paṭinidhibhūto puggalo. <span class="bld">Sahetunā</span>ti sahadhammena sapāṭihīrakatāya. <span class="bld">Nayenā</span>ti abhijānanatādividhinā. <span class="bld">Cattāri saccānī</span>ti idaṃ tabbinimuttassa ñeyyassa abhāvato vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sayaṃ buddho</span>ti sayameva sayambhuñāṇena buddho. Vigatapariḷāhatāya <span class="bld">sītibhūto</span>. Tato eva <span class="bld">nibbuto. Āhañchanti</span> āhanissāmi. Veneyyānaṃ amatādhigamāya ugghosanādiṃ katvā satthu dhammadesanā <span class="bld">amatadundubhī</span>ti vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Anantañāṇo jitakilesoti <span class="bld">anantajino. Evampi nāma bhaveyyā</span>ti evaṃvidhe nāma rūparatane īdisena ñāṇena bhavitabbanti adhippāyo. Ayaṃ hissa pabbajjāya paccayo jāto, katādhikāro cesa. Tathā hi bhagavā tena samāgamatthaṃ padasāva taṃ maggaṃ paṭipajji.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Koṭṭhāsasampannā</span>ti <a name="V2.0133"></a> aṅgapaccaṅgasaṅkhātaavayavasampannā. <span class="bld">Aṭṭīyatī</span>ti aṭṭo hoti, domanassaṃ āpajjatīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Avihaṃ upapannāse</span>ti avihesu nibbattā. <span class="bld">Vimuttā</span>ti aggaphalavimuttiyā vimuttā. <span class="bld">Te hitvā mānusaṃ dehaṃ, dibbayogaṃ upajjhagu</span>nti te upakā dayo mānusaṃ attabhāvaṃ jahitvā orambhāgiyasaṃyojanappahānena avihesu nibbattamattāva aggamaggādhigamena dibbayogaṃ uddhambhāgiyasaṃyojanaṃ samatikkamiṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para286"></a><a name="para286_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">286</span>. <span class="bld">Saṇṭhapesu</span>nti <a name="M2.0142"></a> ‘‘neva abhivādetabbo’’tiādinā (mahāva. 12) saṇṭhaṃ kiriyākāraṃ akaṃsu. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘katikaṃ akaṃsū’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Padhānato</span>ti pubbe anuṭṭhitadukkaracaraṇato. <span class="bld">Pabhāvita</span>nti vācāsamuṭṭhānaṃ, vacīnicchāraṇanti attho. ‘‘Ayaṃ na kiñci visesaṃ adhigamissatī’’ti <span class="bld">anukkaṇṭhanatthaṃ</span>. ‘‘Mayaṃ yattha katthaci gamissāmā’’ti <span class="bld">mā vitakkayittha. Obhāso</span>ti vipassanobhāso. <span class="bld">Nimitta</span>nti kammaṭṭhānanimittaṃ. <span class="bld">Ekapadenevā</span>ti ekavacaneneva. ‘‘Anena pubbepi na kiñci micchā vuttapubba’’nti <span class="bld">satiṃ labhitvā</span>. Yathābhūtavādīti <span class="bld">uppannagāravā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Antovihāreyeva ahosi</span> daharakumāro viya tehi bhikkhūhi pariharito. <span class="bld">Male</span>ti saṃkilese. Gāmato bhikkhūhi nīhaṭaṃ upanītaṃ bhattaṃ etassāti nīhaṭabhatto, tena <span class="bld">nīhaṭabhattena</span> bhagavatā. <span class="bld">Ettakaṃ kathāmagga</span>nti – ‘‘dvemā, bhikkhave, pariyesanā’’ti ārabhitvā yāva – ‘‘natthi dāni punabbhavo’’ti padaṃ, ettakaṃ desanāmaggaṃ. Kāmañcettha – ‘‘tumhepi mamañceva pañcavaggiyānañca maggaṃ ārūḷhā, ariyapariyesanā tumhākaṃ pariyesanā’’ti aṭṭhakathāvacanaṃ. Tena pana – ‘‘so kho ahaṃ, bhikkhave, attanā jātidhammo samāno…pe… asaṃkiliṭṭhaṃ anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ nibbānaṃ ajjhagamanti, atha kho, bhikkhave, pañcavaggiyā bhikkhū mayā evaṃ ovadiyamānā…pe… anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ nibbānaṃ ajjhagamaṃsu…pe… natthi dāni punabbhavo’’ti imasseva suttapadassa attho vibhāvitoti katvā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘bhagavā yaṃ pubbe avaca tumhepi mamañceva pañcavaggiyānañca maggaṃ āruḷhā, ariyapariyesanā tumhākaṃ pariyesanāti. Imaṃ ekameva anusandhiṃ dassento āharī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para287"></a><a name="para287_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">287</span>. <span class="bld">Anagāriyānampī</span>ti pabbajitānampi. <span class="bld">Pañcakāmaguṇavasena anariyapariyesanā hoti</span> gadhitādibhāvena paribhuñjanato. Micchājīvavasenapi anariyapariyesanā hotīti tato visesanatthaṃ <a name="V2.0134"></a> <span class="bld">‘‘pañcakāmaguṇavasenā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ sacchandarāgaparibhogassa adhippetattā. Idāni catūsu paccayesu kāmaguṇe niddhāretuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tatthā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Paribhogaraso</span>ti paribhogapaccayapītisomanassaṃ. Ayaṃ pana rasasamānatāvasena gahaṇaṃ upādāya <a name="M2.0143"></a> ‘‘raso’’ti vutto, na sabhāvato. Sabhāvena gahaṇaṃ upādāya pītisomanassaṃ dhammārammaṇaṃ siyā, na rasārammaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Appaccavekkhaṇaparibhogo</span>ti paccavekkhaṇarahito paribhogo, idamatthitaṃ anissāya gadhitādibhāvena paribhogoti attho. <span class="bld">Gadhitā</span>ti taṇhāya baddhā. <span class="bld">Mucchitā</span>ti mucchaṃ mohaṃ pamādaṃ āpannā. <span class="bld">Ajjhogāḷhā</span>ti adhiogāḷhā, taṃ taṃ ārammaṇaṃ anupavisitvā ṭhitā. <span class="bld">Ādīnavaṃ apassantā</span>ti sacchandarāgaparibhoge dosaṃ ajānantā. Apaccavekkhitaparibhogahetuādīnavaṃ nissarati atikkamati etenāti <span class="bld">nissaraṇaṃ,</span> paccavekkhaṇañāṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pāsarāsi</span>nti pāsasamudāyaṃ. Luddako hi pāsaṃ oḍḍento na ekaṃyeva, na ca ekasmiṃyeva ṭhāne oḍḍeti, atha kho taṃtaṃmigānaṃ āgamanamaggaṃ sallakkhetvā tattha tattha oḍḍento bahūyeva oḍḍeti, tasmā te cittena ekato gahetvā <span class="bld">‘‘pāsarāsī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Vāgurassa vā pāsapadesānaṃ bahubhāvato <span class="bld">‘‘pāsarāsī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Pāsarāsisuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.</p>
<p class="subhead">7. Cūḷahatthipadopamasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para288"></a><a name="para288_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">288</span>. <span class="bld">Setaparivāro</span>ti <a name="V2.0135"></a> setapaṭicchado, setavaṇṇālaṅkāroti attho. Pubbe pana ‘‘setālaṅkārā’’ti assālaṅkāro gahito, idha cakkapañjarakubbarādirathāvayavesu kātabbālaṅkāro. <span class="bld">Evaṃ vuttenā</span>ti evaṃ ‘‘setāya suda’’ntiādinā pakārena saṃyuttamahāvagge (saṃ. ni. 5.4) vuttena. <span class="bld">Nātimahā</span> yuddhamaṇḍale sañcārasukhatthaṃ. Yodho sārathīti <span class="bld">dvinnaṃ,</span> paharaṇadāyakena saddhiṃ <span class="bld">tiṇṇaṃ vā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nagaraṃ padakkhiṇaṃ karoti</span> nagarasobhanatthaṃ. Idaṃ kira tassa brāhmaṇassa jāṇussoṇiṭṭhānantaraṃ jātisiddhaṃ paramparāgataṃ cārittaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ito ettakehi divasehī’’</span>tiādi. Cārittavasena nagaravāsinopi tathā tathā paṭipajjanti. Puññavādimaṅgalakathane niyuttā <span class="bld">māṅgalikā</span>. Suvatthipattanāya <span class="bld">sovatthikā. Ādi</span>-saddena vandīādīnaṃ saṅgaho. <span class="bld">Yasasirisampattiyā</span>ti yasasampattiyā sirisampattiyā ca, parivārasampattiyā ceva vibhavasobhāsampattiyā cāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nagarābhimukho</span> <a name="M2.0144"></a> <span class="bld">pāyāsi</span> attano bhikkhācāravelāya. <span class="bld">Paṇḍito maññe</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">maññe</span>ti idaṃ ‘‘maññatī’’ti iminā samānatthaṃ nipātapadaṃ. Tassa iti-saddaṃ ānetvā atthaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘paṇḍitoti maññatī’’</span>ti āha. Anumatipucchāvasena cetaṃ vuttaṃ. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘udāhu no’’</span>ti. ‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññati bhavaṃ vacchāyano samaṇassa gotamassa paññāveyyattiya’’nti hi vuttamevatthaṃ puna gaṇhanto <span class="bld">‘‘paṇḍito maññe’’</span>ti āha. Tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘bhavaṃ vacchāyano, samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ paṇḍitoti maññati, udāhu no’’</span>ti, yathā te khameyya, tathā naṃ kathehīti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ahaṃ ko nāma,</span> mama avisayo esoti dasseti. <span class="bld">Ko cā</span>ti hetunissakke paccattavacananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kuto cā’’</span>ti. Tathā cāha <span class="bld">‘‘kena kāraṇena jānissāmī’’</span>ti, yena kāraṇena samaṇassa gotamassa paññāveyyattiyaṃ jāneyyaṃ, taṃ kāraṇaṃ mayi natthīti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Buddhoyeva bhaveyya,</span> abuddhassa sabbathā buddhañāṇānubhāvaṃ jānituṃ na sakkāti. Vuttañhetaṃ – ‘‘appamattakaṃ kho panetaṃ, bhikkhave, oramattakaṃ sīlamattakaṃ, yena puthujjano tathāgatassa vaṇṇaṃ vadamāno vadeyya (dī. ni. 1.7), atthi, bhikkhave, aññeva dhammā gambhīrā duddasā duranubodhā <a name="V2.0136"></a> …pe… yehi tathāgatassa yathābhuccaṃ vaṇṇaṃ sammā vadamāno vadeyyā’’ti (dī. ni. 1.28) ca. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti ‘‘sopi nūnassa tādisovā’’ti etasmiṃ pade. <span class="bld">Pasattha pasattho</span>ti pasatthehi attano guṇeheva so pasattho, na tassa kittinā, pasaṃsāsabhāveneva pāsaṃsoti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbaguṇāna’’</span>ntiādi. <span class="bld">Maṇiratana</span>nti cakkavattino maṇiratanaṃ. Sadevake loke pāsaṃsānampi pāsaṃsoti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pasatthehi vā’’</span>ti dutiyavikappo gahito.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Araṇīyato attho, so eva vasatīti vasoti <span class="bld">atthavaso,</span> tassa tassa payogassa ānisaṃsabhūtaṃ phalanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘atthavasanti atthānisaṃsa’’</span>nti. Attho vā vuttalakkhaṇo vaso etassāti <span class="bld">atthavaso,</span> kāraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Nāgavanavāsiko</span>ti hatthināgānaṃ vicaraṇavane tesaṃ gahaṇatthaṃ vasanako. <span class="bld">Anuggahitasippo</span>ti asikkhitahatthisippo āyatavitthatassa padamattassa dassanena ‘‘mahā vata, bho nāgo’’ti niṭṭhāgamanato. <span class="bld">Parato pana</span> bhagavatā vuttaṭṭhāne. <span class="bld">Uggahitasippo puriso nāgavanikoti āgato</span> āyatavitthatassa <a name="M2.0145"></a> padassa uccassa ca nisevitassa byabhicārabhāvaṃ ñatvā tattakena niṭṭhaṃ agantvā mahāhatthiṃ disvāva niṭṭhāgamanato. Ñāṇaṃ pajjati etthāti <span class="bld">ñāṇapadāni,</span> khattiyapaṇḍitādīnaṃ dhammavinaye vinītattā vinayehi adhigatajjhānādīni. Tāni hi tathāgatagandhahatthino desanāñāṇena akkantaṭṭhānāni. <span class="bld">Cattārī</span>ti pana vineyyānaṃ idha khattiyapaṇḍitādivasena catubbidhānaṃyeva gahitattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para289"></a><a name="para289_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">289</span>. Puggalesu paññāya ca nipuṇatā paṇḍitasamaññā nipuṇatthassa dassanasamatthatāvasenevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sukhumaatthantarapaṭivijjhanasamatthe’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Kata</span>-saddo idha nipphannapariyāyo. Pare pavadanti ettha, etenāti <span class="bld">parappavādo,</span> parasamayo. Parehi pavadanaṃ <span class="bld">parappavādo,</span> viggāhikakathāya paravādamaddanaṃ. Tadubhayampi ekato katvā pāḷiyaṃ vuttanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘viññātaparappavāde ceva parehi saddhiṃ katavādaparicaye cā’’</span>ti, parasamayesu paravādamaddanesu ca nipphanneti attho. <span class="bld">Vālavedhirūpe</span>ti vālavedhipatirūpe. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vālavedhidhanuggahasadise’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Vāla</span>nti anekadhā bhinnassa vālassa aṃsusaṅkhātaṃ vālaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhindantā viyā</span>ti ghaṭādiṃ saviggahaṃ muggarādinā bhindantā viya, diṭṭhigatāni ekaṃsato bhindantāti adhippāyo. ‘‘Atthaṃ guyhaṃ paṭicchannaṃ katvā pucchissāmā’’ti saṅkhataṃ padapañhaṃ pucchantīti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘dupadampī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Vadanti etenāti <span class="bld">vādo,</span> doso. Pucchīyatīti <span class="bld">pañho,</span> attho. Pucchati etenāti <span class="bld">pañho,</span> saddo. Tadubhayaṃ ekato gahetvā āha <span class="bld">‘‘evarūpe pañhe’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">‘‘Evaṃ puccheyya, evaṃ vissajjeyyā’’</span>ti <a name="V2.0137"></a> ca pucchāvissajjanānaṃ sikhāvagamanaṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Seyyo</span>ti uttamo, paramo lābhoti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ attano vādavidhamanabhayenapi pare bhagavantaṃ pañhaṃ pucchituṃ na visahantīti vatvā idāni vādavidhamanena vināpi na visahanti evāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘apicā’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. <span class="bld">Cittaṃ pasīdati</span> pare attano attabhāvampi vissatthaṃ niyyādetukāmā honti odhisakamettāpharaṇasadisattā tassa mettāyanassa. <span class="bld">Dassanasampannā</span>ti daṭṭhabbatāya sampannā dassanānuttariyabhāvato, ativiya dassanīyāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saraṇagamanavasena</span> <a name="M2.0146"></a> <span class="bld">sāvakā</span>ti lokiyasaraṇagamanena sāvakā, lokuttarasaraṇagamanena pana sāvakattaṃ parato āgamissati, tañca pabbajitavasena vuccati, idha gahaṭṭhavasena, ubhayatthāpi saraṇagamanena sāvakattaṃ veditabbaṃ. Te hi paralokavajjabhayadassāvino kulaputtā, ācārakulaputtāpi tādisā bhavanti. <span class="bld">Thokenā</span>ti iminā ‘‘manaṃ anassāmā’’ti padassatthaṃ vadati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para290"></a><a name="para290_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">290</span>. Udāharīyati ubbegapītivasenāti, tathā vā udāharaṇaṃ <span class="bld">udānaṃ</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘udāhāraṃ udāharī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Assa dhammassā</span>ti assa paṭipattisaddhammapubbakassa paṭivedhasaddhammassa. <span class="bld">So</span>ti hatthipadopamo hatthipadopamabhāvena vuccamāno dhammo. <span class="bld">Ettāvatā</span>ti ettakena paribbājakena vuttakathāmaggamattena. Kāmaṃ tena vuttakathāmaggenapi hatthipadopamabhāvena vuccamāno dhammo paripuṇṇova arahattaṃ pāpetvā paveditattā, so ca kho saṅkhepato, na vitthāratoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘na ettāvatā vitthārena paripūro hotī’’</span>ti. Yadi yathā vitthārena hatthipadopamo paripūro hoti, tathā desanā āraddhā, <span class="bld">atha kasmā kusaloti na vutto</span>ti codanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para291"></a><a name="para291_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">291</span>. <span class="bld">Āyāmatopī</span>ti <span class="bld">pi</span>-saddena ubbedhenapi rassāti dasseti. Nīcakāyā hi tā honti. <span class="bld">Uccā</span>ti uccakā. Nisevanaṃ, nisevati etthāti vā <span class="bld">nisevitaṃ</span>. Nisevanañcettha kaṇḍuyitavinodanatthaṃ ghaṃsanaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘khandhappadese ghaṃsitaṭṭhāna’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Uccā</span>ti anīcā, ubbedhavantiyoti attho. <span class="bld">Kāḷārikā</span>ti viraḷadantā, visaṅgatadantāti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘dantāna’’</span>ntiādi. <span class="bld">Kaḷāratāyā</span>ti viraḷatāya. <span class="bld">Ārañjitānī</span>ti rañjitāni, vilikhitānīti attho. <span class="bld">Kaṇerutāyā</span>ti kuṭumalasaṇṭhānatāya. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ vā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">vā</span>-saddo saṃsayitanicchayattho yathā aññatthāpi ‘‘ayaṃ vā imesaṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ sabbabālo sabbamūḷho’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 1.181).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nāgavanaṃ</span> <a name="V2.0138"></a> <span class="bld">viyā</span>ti mahāhatthino vāmanikādīnañca padadassanaṭṭhānabhūtaṃ nāgavanaṃ viya. <span class="bld">Ādito paṭṭhāya yāva nīvaraṇappahānā dhammadesanā</span> tathāgatassa <a name="M2.0147"></a> bāhiraparibbājakādīnañca padadassanabhāvato. <span class="bld">Ādito paṭṭhāyā</span>ti ca ‘‘taṃ suṇāhī’’ti padato paṭṭhāya. <span class="bld">Kusalo nāgavaniko viya yogāvacaro</span> pariyesanavasena pamāṇaggahaṇato. <span class="bld">Matthake ṭhatvā</span>ti imassa suttassa pariyosāne ṭhatvā. <span class="bld">Imasmimpi ṭhāne</span>ti ‘‘evameva kho brāhmaṇā’’tiādinā upameyyassa atthassa upaññāsanaṭṭhānepi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Svāya</span>nti (dī. ni. ṭī. 1.190) idha-saddamattaṃ gaṇhāti, na yathāvisesitabbaṃ idha-saddaṃ. Tathā hi vakkhati ‘‘katthaci padapūraṇamattamevā’’ti. <span class="bld">Lokaṃ upādāya vuccati</span> loka-saddena samānādhikaraṇabhāvena vuttattā. Sesapadadvaye pana saddantarasannidhānamattena taṃ taṃ upādāya vuttatā daṭṭhabbā. <span class="bld">Okāsa</span>nti kañci padesaṃ indasālaguhāya adhippetattā. <span class="bld">Padapūraṇamattameva</span> okāsāpadisanassapi asambhavato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathāgata-saddādīnaṃ atthaviseso <span class="bld">mūlapariyāyaṭṭhakathā</span>(ma. ni. aṭṭha. 1.12)<span class="bld"> visuddhimaggasaṃvaṇṇanāsu</span> vutto eva. Tathāgatassa sattanikāyantogadhatāya <span class="bld">‘‘idha pana sattaloko adhippeto’’</span>ti vatvā tatthāyaṃ yasmiṃ sattanikāye, yasmiñca okāse uppajjati, taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sattaloke uppajjamānopi cā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">imasmiṃyeva cakkavāḷe</span>ti imissā eva lokadhātuyā. ‘‘Aṭṭhānametaṃ, bhikkhave, anavakāso, yaṃ ekissā lokadhātuyā dve arahanto sammāsambuddho apubbaṃ acarimaṃ uppajjeyyu’’nti (dī. ni. 3.161; ma. ni. 3.129; a. ni. 1.278; netti. 57; mi. pa. 5.1.1) ettha jātikhettabhūtā dasasahassilokadhātu ‘‘ekissā lokadhātuyā’’ti vuttā. Idha pana imaṃyeva lokadhātuṃ sandhāya ‘‘imasmiṃyeva cakkavāḷe’’ti vuttaṃ. Tisso hi saṅgītiyo āruḷhe tepiṭake buddhavacane visayakhettaṃ āṇākhettaṃ jātikhettanti tividhe khette ṭhapetvā imaṃ cakkavāḷaṃ aññasmiṃ cakkavāḷe buddhā uppajjantīti suttaṃ natthi, na uppajjantīti pana atthi. Kathaṃ? ‘‘Na me ācariyo atthi, sadiso me na vijjati (ma. ni. 1.285; 2.341; mahāva. 11; kathā. 405; mi. pa. 4.5.11), ekomhi sammāsambuddho’’ti (ma. ni. 1.285; 2.341; kathā. 405; mahāva. 11) evamādīni imissā lokadhātuyā ṭhatvā vadantena bhagavatā – ‘‘kiṃ panāvuso, sāriputta, atthetarahi <a name="M2.0148"></a> añño samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā bhagavatā samasamo sambodhiyanti evaṃ puṭṭhāhaṃ, bhante, noti vadeyya’’nti vatvā tassa kāraṇaṃ dassetuṃ – ‘‘aṭṭhānametaṃ anavakāso, yaṃ ekissā lokadhātuyā dve arahanto sammāsambuddhā’’ti <a name="V2.0139"></a> imaṃ suttaṃ dassentena dhammasenāpatinā ca buddhānaṃ uppattiṭṭhānabhūtaṃ imaṃ lokadhātuṃ ṭhapetvā aññattha anuppatti vuttā hotīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sujātāyā</span>tiādinā vuttesu catūsu vikappesu paṭhamo vikappo buddhabhāvāya āsannatarapaṭipattidassanavasena vutto. Āsannatarāya hi paṭipattiyaṃ ṭhito <span class="bld">‘‘uppajjatī’’</span>ti vuccati uppādassa ekantikattā, pageva paṭipattiyā matthake ṭhito. Dutiyo buddhabhāvāvahapabbajjato paṭṭhāya āsannapaṭipattidassanavasena, tatiyo buddhakaradhammapāripūrito paṭṭhāya buddhabhāvāya paṭipattidassanavasena. Na hi mahāsattānaṃ tusitabhavūpapattito paṭṭhāya bodhisambhārasambharaṇaṃ nāma atthi. Catuttho buddhakaradhammasamārambhato paṭṭhāya. Bodhiyā niyatabhāvāpattito pabhuti hi viññūhi <span class="bld">‘‘buddho uppajjatī’’</span>ti vattuṃ sakkā uppādassa ekantikattā, yathā pana ‘‘tiṭṭhanti pabbatā, sandanti nadiyo’’ti tiṭṭhanasandanakiriyānaṃ avicchedamupādāya vattamānapayogo, evaṃ uppādatthāya paṭipajjanakiriyāya avicchedamupādāya catūsu vikappesu <span class="bld">‘‘uppajjati nāmā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbapaṭhamaṃ uppannabhāva</span>nti sabbehi upari vuccamānehi visesehi paṭhamaṃ tathāgatassa uppannatāsaṅkhātaṃ atthitāvisesaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">So bhagavā</span>ti (a. ni. ṭī. 2.3.64) yo ‘‘tathāgato araha’’ntiādinā kittitaguṇo, so bhagavā. <span class="bld">Imaṃ loka</span>nti nayidaṃ mahājanassa sammukhāmattaṃ lokaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ, atha kho anavasesaṃ pariyādāyāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sadevaka’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘idāni vattabbaṃ nidassetī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Pajātattā</span>ti yathāsakaṃ kammakilesehi nibbattattā. <span class="bld">Pañcakāmāvacaradevaggahaṇaṃ</span> pārisesañāyena itaresaṃ padantarehi saṅgahitattā. <span class="bld">Sadevaka</span>nti ca avayavena viggaho samudāyo samāsattho. <span class="bld">Chaṭṭhakāmāvacaradevaggahaṇaṃ</span> paccāsattiñāyena. Tattha hi so jāto tannivāsī ca. <span class="bld">Brahmakāyikādibrahmaggahaṇa</span>nti etthāpi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Paccatthikapaccāmittasamaṇabrāhmaṇaggahaṇa</span>nti <a name="M2.0149"></a> nidassanamattametaṃ apaccatthikānaṃ asamitābāhitapāpānañca samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ sassamaṇabrāhmaṇivacanena gahitattā. Kāmaṃ ‘‘sadevaka’’ntiādivisesanānaṃ vasena sattavisayo loka-saddoti viññāyati tulyayogavisayattā tesaṃ, ‘‘salomako sapakkhako’’tiādīsu pana atulyayogepi ayaṃ samāso labbhatīti byabhicāradassanato pajāgahaṇanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pajāvacanena sattalokaggahaṇa’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Arūpino <a name="V2.0140"></a> sattā attano āneñjavihārena viharantā ‘‘dibbantīti <span class="bld">devā’’</span>ti imaṃ nibbacanaṃ labhantīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sadevakaggahaṇena arūpāvacaradevaloko gahito’’</span>ti. Tenevāha ‘‘ākāsānañcāyatanūpagānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyata’’nti (a. ni. 3.117). <span class="bld">Samārakaggahaṇena chakāmāvacaradevaloko gahito</span> tassa savisesaṃ mārassa vase vattanato. <span class="bld">Rūpī brahmaloko gahito</span> arūpībrahmalokassa visuṃ gahitattā. <span class="bld">Catuparisavasenā</span>ti khattiyādicatuparisavasena. Itarā pana catasso parisā samārakādiggahaṇena gahitā evāti. <span class="bld">Avasesasabbasattaloko</span> nāgagaruḷādibhedo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettāvatā bhāgaso lokaṃ gahetvā yojanaṃ dassetvā idāni tena tena visesena abhāgasova lokaṃ gahetvā yojanaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘apicetthā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">ukkaṭṭhaparicchedato</span>ti ukkaṃsagabhivijānanena. Pañcasu hi gatīsu devalokova seṭṭho. Tatthāpi arūpino ‘‘dūrasamussāritakilesadukkhatāya, santapaṇītaāneñjavihārasamaṅgitāya, ativiya dīghāyukatāyā’’ti evamādīhi visesehi ativiya itarehi ukkaṭṭhā. <span class="bld">Brahmā mahānubhāvo</span>tiādiṃ dasasahassiyaṃ mahābrahmuno vasena vadati. ‘‘Ukkaṭṭhaparicchedato’’ti hi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Anuttara</span>nti seṭṭhaṃ navalokuttaraṃ. <span class="bld">Bhāvānukkamo</span> bhāvavasena paresaṃ ajjhāsayavasena ‘‘sadevaka’’ntiādīnaṃ padānaṃ anukkamo. <span class="bld">Tīhākārehī</span>ti devamārabrahmasahitatāsaṅkhātehi tīhi pakārehi. <span class="bld">Tīsu padesū</span>ti ‘‘sadevaka’’ntiādīsu tīsu padesu. <span class="bld">Tena tenākārenā</span>ti sadevakattādinā tena tena pakārena. Tedhātukameva pariyādinnanti porāṇā panāhūti yojanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Abhiññā</span>ti <a name="M2.0150"></a> ya-kāralopenāyaṃ niddeso, abhijānitvāti ayamettha atthoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘abhiññāya, adhikena ñāṇena ñatvā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Anumānādipaṭikkhepo</span>ti anumānaupamānaatthāpattiādipaṭikkhepo ekappamāṇattā. Sabbattha appaṭihatañāṇācāratāya hi sabbapaccakkhā buddhā bhagavanto. <span class="bld">Anuttaraṃ vivekasukha</span>nti phalasamāpattisukhaṃ. Tena vītimissāpi kadāci bhagavato dhammadesanā hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘hitvāpī’’</span>ti. Bhagavā hi dhammaṃ desento yasmiṃ khaṇe parisā sādhukāraṃ vā deti, yathāsutaṃ vā dhammaṃ paccavekkhati, taṃ khaṇaṃ pubbabhāgena paricchinditvā phalasamāpattiṃ samāpajjati, yathāparicchedañca samāpattito vuṭṭhāya ṭhitaṭṭhānato paṭṭhāya dhammaṃ deseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Desakāyattena āṇādividhinā atisajjanaṃ pabodhanaṃ <span class="bld">desanā</span>ti sā pariyattidhammavasena veditabbāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘desanāya tāva catuppadikāyapi gāthāyā’’</span>tiādi. Sāsitabbapuggalagatena yathāparādhādisāsitabbabhāvena <a name="V2.0141"></a> anusāsanaṃ tadaṅgavinayādivasena vinayanaṃ <span class="bld">sāsana</span>nti taṃ paṭipattidhammavasena veditabbanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sīlasamādhivipassanā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Kusalāna</span>nti maggakusalānaṃ, <span class="bld">kusalāna</span>nti vā anavajjānaṃ. Tena phaladhammānampi saṅgaho siddho hoti. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>bhāvo sīladiṭṭhīnaṃ tammūlakattā uttarimanussadhammānaṃ. Tasmiṃ tasmiṃ atthe kathāvadhisaddappabandho gāthāvasena suttavasena ca vavatthito pariyattidhammo, yo idheva ‘‘desanā’’ti vutto. Tassa pana attho visesena sīlādi evāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘bhagavā hi dhammaṃ desento…pe… nibbānaṃ dassetī’’</span>ti. Tattha <span class="bld">sīlaṃ dassetvā</span>ti sīlaggahaṇena sasambhāraṃ sīlaṃ gahitaṃ. Tathā maggaggahaṇena sasambhāro maggoti tadubhayena anavasesato pariyattiatthaṃ pariyādiyati. <span class="bld">Tenā</span>ti sīlādidassanena. Atthavasena hi idha desanāya ādikalyāṇādibhāvo adhippeto. <span class="bld">Kathikasaṇṭhitī</span>ti kathikassa saṇṭhānaṃ kathanavasena samavaṭṭhānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na so sātthaṃ deseti</span> niyyānatthavirahato tassā desanāya. <span class="bld">Ekabyañjanādiyuttā vā</span>ti sithilādibhedesu byañjanesu ekappakāreneva, dvippakāreneva vā byañjanena yuttā vā damiḷabhāsā viya. Sabbattha niroṭṭhaṃ katvā vattabbatāya <span class="bld">sabbaniroṭṭhabyañjanā vā</span> kirātabhāsā viya. Sabbattheva vissajjanīyayuttatāya <a name="M2.0151"></a> <span class="bld">sabbavissaṭṭhabyañjanā vā</span> yavanabhāsā viya. Sabbattheva sānusāratāya <span class="bld">sabbaniggahitabyañjanā vā</span> pārasikādimilakkhabhāsā viya. Sabbāpesā ekadesabyañjanavaseneva pavattiyā aparipuṇṇabyañjanāti katvā <span class="bld">‘‘abyañjanā’’</span>ti vuttā. <span class="bld">Amakkhetvā</span>ti apalicchetvā avināsetvā, ahāpetvāti vā attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bhagavā yamatthaṃ ñāpetuṃ ekagāthampi ekavākyampi deseti, tamatthaṃ tāya desanāya sabbaso paripuṇṇameva katvā deseti, evaṃ sabbatthāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ekadesanāpi aparipuṇṇā natthī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ullumpanasabhāvasaṇṭhitenā</span>ti saṃkilesapakkhato vaṭṭadukkhato ca uddharaṇasabhāvāvaṭṭhitena cittena. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā sikkhāttayasaṅgahaṃ sakalaṃ sāsanaṃ idha ‘‘brahmacariya’’nti adhippetaṃ, tasmā. <span class="bld">Brahmacariya</span>nti iminā samānādhikaraṇāni sabbapadāni yojetvā atthaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘so dhammaṃ deseti…pe… pakāsetīti evamettha attho daṭṭhabbo’’</span>ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dūrasamussāritamānasseva sāsane sammāpaṭipatti sambhavati, na māna jātikassāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘nihatamānattā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ussannattā</span>ti bahulabhāvato. Bhogārogyādivatthukā madā suppaheyyā honti nimittassa anavaṭṭhānato’ na tathā kulavijjāmadāti khattiyabrāhmaṇakulīnānaṃ pabbajitānampi jātivijjā nissāya mānajappanaṃ duppajahanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yebhuyyena hi…pe… mānaṃ karontī’’</span>ti<a name="V2.0142"></a>. <span class="bld">Vijātitāyā</span>ti nihīnajātitāya. <span class="bld">Patiṭṭhātuṃ na sakkontī</span>ti suvisuddhiṃ katvā sīlaṃ rakkhituṃ na sakkonti. Sīlavasena hi sāsane patiṭṭhāti. <span class="bld">Patiṭṭhātu</span>nti vā saccapaṭivedhena lokuttarāya patiṭṭhāya patiṭṭhātuṃ. Yebhuyyena hi upanissayasampannā sujātā eva honti, na dujjātā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Parisuddha</span>nti rāgādīnaṃ accantameva pahānadīpanato nirupakkilesatāya sabbaso visuddhaṃ. <span class="bld">Saddhaṃ paṭilabhatī</span>ti pothujjanikasaddhāvasena saddahati. Viññujātikānañhi dhammasampattigahaṇapubbikā saddhāsiddhi dhammapamāṇadhammappasannabhāvato. <span class="bld">Jāyampatikā vasantī</span>ti kāmaṃ ‘‘jāyampatikā’’ti vutte gharasāmikagharasāminivasena dvinnaṃyeva gahaṇaṃ viññāyati. Yassa pana <a name="M2.0152"></a> purisassa anekā pajāpatiyo honti, tattha kiṃ vattabbaṃ? Ekāyapi tāya vāso sambādhoti dassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘dve’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Rāgādinā <span class="bld">sakiñcanaṭṭhena,</span> khettavatthuādinā <span class="bld">sapalibodhaṭṭhena</span>. Rāgarajādīnaṃ āgamanapathatāpi uppajjanaṭṭhānatā evāti dvepi vaṇṇanā ekatthā, byañjanameva nānaṃ. <span class="bld">Alagganaṭṭhenā</span>ti asajjanaṭṭhena appaṭibaddhabhāvena. Evaṃ akusalakusalappavattīnaṃ ṭhānabhāvena gharāvāsapabbajjānaṃ sambādhabbhokāsataṃ dassetvā idāni kusalappavattiyā eva aṭṭhānaṭhānabhāvena tesaṃ taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘apicā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saṅkhepakathā</span>ti visuṃ visuṃ paduddhāraṃ akatvā saṅkhepato atthavaṇṇanā. <span class="bld">Ekampi divasa</span>nti ekadivasamattampi. <span class="bld">Akhaṇḍaṃ katvā</span>ti dukkaṭamattassapi anāpajjanena akhaṇḍitaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Kilesamalena amalīna</span>nti taṇhāsaṃkilesādivasena asaṃkiliṭṭhaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Paridahitvā</span>ti nivāsetvā ceva pārupitvā ca. Agāravāso agāraṃ uttarapadalopena, tassa vaḍḍhiāvahaṃ <span class="bld">agārassa hitaṃ. Bhogakkhandho</span>ti bhogarāsi bhogasamudāyo. <span class="bld">Ābandhanaṭṭhenā</span>ti ‘‘putto nattā’’tiādinā pemavasena saparicchedaṃ sambandhanaṭṭhena. ‘‘Amhākamete’’ti ñāyantīti <span class="bld">ñātī</span>. Pitāmahapituputtādivasena parivattanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">parivaṭṭo</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para292"></a><a name="para292_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">292</span>. Sāmaññavācīpi <span class="bld">sikkhā</span>-saddo sājīva-saddasannidhānato upari vuccamānavisesāpekkhāya ca visesaniviṭṭhova hotīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yā bhikkhūnaṃ adhisīlasaṅkhātā sikkhā’’</span>ti. Sikkhitabbaṭṭhena <span class="bld">sikkhā</span>. Saha ājīvanti etthāti <span class="bld">sājīvo. Sikkhanabhāvenā</span>ti sikkhāya sājīve ca sikkhanabhāvena. <span class="bld">Sikkhaṃ paripūrento</span>ti sīlasaṃvaraṃ paripūrento. <span class="bld">Sājīvañca avītikkamanto</span>ti – ‘‘nāmakāyo padakāyo niruttikāyo byañjanakāyo’’ti (pārā. aṭṭha. 39) vuttasikkhāpadaṃ bhagavato vacanaṃ avītikkamanto hutvāti attho. Idameva <a name="V2.0143"></a> ca dvayaṃ ‘‘sikkhana’’nti vuttaṃ. Tattha sājīvānatikkamo sikkhāpāripūriyā paccayo. Tato hi yāva maggā sikkhāpāripūrī hotīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pajahitvā</span>ti samādānavasena pariccajitvā. <span class="bld">Pahīnakālato paṭṭhāya…pe… viratovā</span>ti etena pahānassa viratiyā ca samānakālataṃ dasseti<a name="M2.0153"></a>. Yadi evaṃ ‘‘pahāyā’’ti kathaṃ purimakālaniddesoti? Tathā gahetabbataṃ upādāya. Dhammānañhi paccayapaccayuppannabhāve apekkhite sahajātānampi paccayapaccayuppannabhāvena gahaṇaṃ purimapacchimabhāveneva hotīti gahaṇapavattiākāravasena paccayabhūtesu hirottappañāṇādīsu pahānakiriyāya purimakālavohāro, paccayuppannāsu ca viratīsu viramaṇakiriyāya aparakālavohāro ca hotīti ‘‘pahāya paṭivirato hotī’’ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Pahāyā</span>ti vā samādānakālavasena vuttaṃ, pacchā vītikkamitabbavatthusamāyogavasena <span class="bld">paṭivirato</span>ti. <span class="bld">Pahāyā</span>ti vā –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Nihantvāna tamokhandhaṃ, uditoyaṃ divākaro;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Vaṇṇapabhāya bhāseti, obhāsetvā samuggato’’ti ca. (visuddhi. mahāṭī. 2.578) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Evamādīsu viya samānakālavasena veditabbo. Atha vā pāṇo atipātīyati etenāti <span class="bld">pāṇātipāto,</span> pāṇaghātahetubhūto ahirikānottappadosamohavihiṃ sādiko cetanāpadhāno saṃkilesadhammo, taṃ samādānavasena pahāya. <span class="bld">Tato…pe… viratova hotī</span>ti avadhāraṇena tassā viratiyā kālādivasena apariyantataṃ dasseti. Yathā hi aññe samādinnaviratikāpi anavaṭṭhitacittatāya lābhajīvikādihetu samādānaṃ bhindanteva, na evamayaṃ. Ayaṃ pana pahīnakālato paṭṭhāya orato viratoti. <span class="bld">Adinnādānaṃ pahāyā</span>tiādīsupi iminā nayena attho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Daṇḍanaṃ daṇḍanipātanaṃ <span class="bld">daṇḍo</span>. Muggarādipaharaṇavisesopi idha paharaṇavisesoti adhippeto. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ṭhapetvā daṇḍaṃ sabbampi avasesaṃ upakaraṇa’’</span>nti. Daṇḍanasaṅkhātassa paraviheṭhanassa parivajjitabhāvadīpanatthaṃ daṇḍasatthānaṃ nikkhepavacananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘parūpaghātatthāyā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Vihiṃsanabhāvato</span>ti vibādhanabhāvato. <span class="bld">Lajjī</span>ti ettha vuttalajjāya ottappampi vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Na hi pāpajigucchanapāputtāsarahitaṃ, pāpabhayaṃ vā alajjanaṃ atthi. Yassa vā dhammagarutāya dhammassa ca attādhīnattā attādhipatibhūtā lajjākiccakārī, tassa <a name="V2.0144"></a> lokādhipatibhūtaṃ ottappaṃ kiccakaranti vattabbameva natthīti ‘‘lajjī’’icceva vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Dayaṃ mettacittataṃ āpanno</span>ti kasmā vuttaṃ, nanu <a name="M2.0154"></a> <span class="bld">dayā</span>-saddo ‘‘adayāpanno’’tiādīsu karuṇāya vattatīti? Saccametaṃ, ayaṃ pana dayā-saddo anurakkhaṇatthaṃ antonītaṃ katvā pavattamāno mettāya ca karuṇāya ca pavattatīti idha mettāya pavattamāno vutto. Mijjati siniyhatīti mettā, sā etassa atthīti mettaṃ, mettaṃ cittaṃ etassa atthīti mettacitto, tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">mettacittatā,</span> mettāicceva attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbapāṇabhūtahitānukampī</span>ti etena tassā viratiyā sattavasena apariyantataṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Pāṇabhūte</span>ti pāṇajāte. <span class="bld">Anukampako</span>ti karuṇāyanako. Yasmā pana mettā karuṇāya visesapaccayo hoti, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tāya eva dayāpannatāyā’’</span>ti. Evaṃ yehi dhammehi pāṇātipātā virati sampajjati, tehi lajjāmettākaruṇādhammehi samaṅgibhāvo dassito, saddhiṃ piṭṭhivaṭṭakadhammehīti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Etthāha – kasmā ‘‘pāṇātipātaṃ pahāyā’’ti ekavacananiddeso kato, nanu niravasesānaṃ pāṇānaṃ atipātato virati idhādhippetā? Tathā hi vuttaṃ ‘‘sabbapāṇabhūtahitānukampī viharatī’’ti. Teneva hi <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> ‘‘sabbe pāṇabhūte hitena anukampako’’ti puthuvacananiddesoti? Saccametaṃ, pāṇabhāvasāmaññavasena panettha pāḷiyaṃ ādito ekavacananiddeso kato, sabbasaddasannidhānena puthuttaṃ viññāyamānamevāti sāmaññaniddesaṃ akatvā bhedavacanicchāvasena dassetuṃ <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> bahuvacanavasena attho vutto. Kiñca bhiyyo – sāmaññato saṃvarasamādānaṃ, tabbisesato saṃvarabhedoti imassa visesassa dassanatthaṃ ayaṃ vacanabhedo katoti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Viharatī</span>ti vuttappakāro hutvā ekasmiṃ iriyāpathe uppannaṃ dukkhaṃ aññena iriyāpathena vicchinditvā attabhāvaṃ harati pavattetīti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘iriyati pāletī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Na kevalaṃ kāyavacīpayogavasena ādānameva, atha kho ākaṅkhapissa pariccattavatthuvisayāvāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘cittenapī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Theneti theyyaṃ karotīti <span class="bld">theno,</span> coro. <span class="bld">Sucibhūtenā</span>ti ettha sucibhāvo adhikārato saddantarasannidhānato ca theyyasaṃkilesaviramaṇanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘athenattāyeva sucibhūtenā’’</span>ti. Kāmañcettha ‘‘lajjī <a name="M2.0155"></a> dayāpanno’’tiādi na vuttaṃ, adhikāravasena pana atthato vā vuttamevāti veditabbaṃ. Yathā hi lajjādayo pāṇātipātapahānassa visesapaccayo, evaṃ adinnādānapahānassapīti, tasmā sāpi pāḷi ānetvā vattabbā. Esa nayo ito paresupi. Atha vā <span class="bld">sucibhūtenā</span>ti etena hirottappādīhi <a name="V2.0145"></a> samannāgamo, ahirikādīnañca pahānaṃ vuttamevāti ‘‘lajjī’’tiādi na vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aseṭṭhacariyanti aseṭṭhānaṃ cariyaṃ, aseṭṭhaṃ vā cariyaṃ. Mithunānaṃ vuttākārena sadisabhūtānaṃ ayanti <span class="bld">mithuno,</span> yathāvutto durācāro. <span class="bld">Ārācārī methunā</span>ti etena – ‘‘idha brāhmaṇa, ekacco…pe… na heva kho mātugāmena saddhiṃ dvayaṃdvayasamāpattiṃ samāpajjati, apica kho mātugāmassa ucchādanaparimaddananhāpanasambāhanaṃ sādiyati, so tadassādeti, taṃ nikāmeti, tena ca vittiṃ āpajjatī’’tiādinā (a. ni. 7.50) vuttā sattavidhamethunasaṃyogāpi paṭivirati dassitāti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saccena sacca</span>nti purimena vacīsaccena pacchimaṃ vacīsaccaṃ <span class="bld">sandahati</span> asaccena anantarikattā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yo hī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Haliddirāgo viya na thirakato hotī</span>ti ettha kathāya anavaṭṭhitabhāvena haliddirāgasadisatā veditabbā, na puggalassa. <span class="bld">Pāsāṇalekhā viyā</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo. Saddhā ayati pavattati etthāti saddhāyo, saddhāyo eva <span class="bld">saddhāyiko</span> yathā ‘‘venayiko’’ti (ma. ni. 1.246; a. ni. 8.11; pārā. 8), saddhāya vā ayitabbo <span class="bld">saddhāyiko,</span> saddheyyoti attho. <span class="bld">Vattabbataṃ āpajjati</span>visaṃvādanatoti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anuppadātā</span>ti (dī. ni. ṭī. 1.9; a. ni. ṭī. 2.4.198) anubalappadātā, anuvattanavasena vā padātā. Kassa pana anuvattanaṃ padānañcāti? ‘‘Sahitāna’’nti vuttattā sandhānassāti viññāyati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sandhānānuppadātā’’</span>ti. Yasmā pana anuvattanavasena sandhānassa padānaṃ ādhānaṃ, rakkhaṇaṃ vā daḷhīkaraṇaṃ hoti. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘dve jane samagge disvā’’</span>tiādi. Āramanti etthāti <span class="bld">ārāmo,</span> ramitabbaṭṭhānaṃ. Yasmā pana ā-kārena vināpi ayamattho labbhati, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘samaggarāmotipi pāḷi, ayamevettha attho’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti <a name="M2.0156"></a> –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Nelaṅgo setapacchādo, ekāro vattatī ratho;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Anīghaṃ passa āyantaṃ, chinnasotaṃ abandhana’’nti. (saṃ. ni. 4.347; udā. 65; peṭako. 25;dī. ni. ṭī. 1.9) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Imissā <a name="V2.0146"></a> gāthāya. Sīlañhettha ‘‘nelaṅga’’nti vuttaṃ. Tenevāha – citto gahapati, ‘‘nelaṅganti kho, bhante, sīlānametaṃ adhivacana’’nti (saṃ. ni. 4.347; dī. ni. ṭī. 1.9). <span class="bld">Sukumārā</span>ti apharusatāya mudukā. <span class="bld">Purassa esā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">pura</span>-saddo tannivāsīvācako daṭṭhabbo ‘‘gāmo āgato’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. ṭī. 1.9) viya. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘nagaravāsīna’’</span>nti. Manaṃ appāyati vaḍḍhetīti <span class="bld">manāpā</span>. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘cittavuddhikarā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kālavādī</span>tiādi samphappalāpāpaṭiviratassa paṭipattidassanaṃ. Atthasaṃhitāpi hi vācā ayuttakālapayogena atthāvahā na siyāti anatthaviññāpanavācaṃ anulometi, tasmā samphappalāpaṃ pajahantena akālavāditā pariharitabbāti vuttaṃ ‘‘kālavādī’’ti. Kāle vadantenapi ubhayānatthasādhanato abhūtaṃ parivajjetabbanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘bhūtavādī’’</span>ti. Bhūtañca vadantena yaṃ idhaloka-paraloka-hitasampādakaṃ, tadeva vattabbanti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘atthavādī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Atthaṃ vadantenapi lokiyadhammasannissitameva avatvā lokuttaradhammasannissitaṃ katvā vattabbanti dassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘dhammavādī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Yathā ca attho lokuttaradhammasannissito hoti, taṃdassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vinayavādī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Pañcannañhi saṃvaravinayānaṃ, pañcannañca pahānavinayānaṃ vasena vuccamāno attho nibbānādhigamahetubhāvato lokuttaradhammasannissito hotīti. Evaṃ guṇavisesayuttova attho vuccamāno desanākosalle sati sobhati, kiccakaro ca hoti, na aññathāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘nidhānavatiṃ vācaṃ bhāsitā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Idāni taṃ desanākosallaṃ vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kālenā’’</span>tiādimāha. Pucchādivasena hi otiṇṇavācāvatthusmiṃ ekaṃsādibyākaraṇavibhāgaṃ sallakkhetvā ṭhapanāhetuudāharaṇaṃ saṃsandanādiṃ taṃtaṃkālānurūpaṃ vibhāventiyā parimitaparicchinnarūpāya vipulatara-gambhīrodāra-paramattha-vitthārasaṅgāhikāya kathāya ñāṇabalānurūpaṃ pare yāthāvato dhamme patiṭṭhāpento ‘‘desanākusalo’’ti vuccatīti evamettha atthayojanā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para293"></a><a name="para293_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">293</span>. Evaṃ <a name="M2.0157"></a> paṭipāṭiyā satta mūlasikkhāpadāni vibhāvetvā satipi abhijjhādipahānaindriyasaṃvarasatisampajaññajāgariyānuyogādike uttaradesanāyaṃ vibhāvetuṃ taṃ pariharitvā ācārasīlasseva vibhajanavasena pāḷi pavattāti tadatthaṃ vivarituṃ <span class="bld">‘‘bījagāmabhūtagāmasamārambhā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha bījānaṃ gāmo samūho <span class="bld">bījagāmo.</span> Bhūtānaṃ jātānaṃ nibbattānaṃ rukkhagacchalatādīnaṃ samūho <span class="bld">bhūtagāmo</span>. Nanu ca rukkhādayo cittarahitatāya na jīvā, cittarahitatā ca paripphandābhāvato chinne viruhanato visadisajātikabhāvato catuyoniapariyāpannato ca veditabbā, vuḍḍhi pana pavāḷasilālavaṇānampi vijjatīti na tesaṃ jīvabhāve <a name="V2.0147"></a> kāraṇaṃ, visayaggahaṇañca nesaṃ parikappanāmattaṃ supanaṃ viya ciñcādenaṃ, tathā dohaḷādayo, tattha kasmā bījagāmabhūtagāmasamārambhā paṭivirati icchitāti? Samaṇasāruppato tannivāsisattānurakkhaṇato ca. Tenevāha – ‘‘jīvasaññino hi moghapurisa manussā rukkhasmi’’ntiādi (pāci. 89).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Mūlameva bījaṃ <span class="bld">mūlabījaṃ,</span> mūlabījaṃ etassātipi <span class="bld">mūlabījaṃ</span>. Sesesupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Phaḷubīja</span>nti pabbabījaṃ. Paccayantarasamavāye sadisaphaluppattiyā visesakāraṇabhāvato viruhaṇasamatthe sāraphale niruḷho bījasaddo tadatthasaṃsiddhiyā mūlādīsupi kesuci pavattatīti mūlādito nivattanatthaṃ ekena bīja-saddena visesetvā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘bījabīja’’</span>nti ‘‘rūparūpaṃ (visuddhi. 2.449), dukkhadukkha’’nti (saṃ. ni. 4.327; 5.165; netti. 11) ca yathā. Kasmā panettha bījagāmabhūtagāmaṃ uddharitvā bījagāmo eva niddiṭṭhoti? Na kho panetaṃ evaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ, nanu avocumha – ‘‘mūlameva bījaṃ mūlabījaṃ, mūlabījaṃ etassātipi mūlabīja’’nti. Tattha purimena bījagāmo niddiṭṭho, dutiyena bhūtagāmo, duvidhopesa mūlabījañca mūlabījañca <span class="bld">mūlabīja</span>nti sāmaññaniddesena, ekasesanayena vā uddiṭṭhoti veditabbo. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘pañcavidhassā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Nīlatiṇarukkhādikassā</span>ti allatiṇassa ceva allarukkhādikassa ca. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena osadhigacchalatādīnaṃ saṅgaho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ekaṃ bhattaṃ ekabhattaṃ, taṃ assa atthīti <span class="bld">ekabhattiko</span>. So pana rattibhojanenapi siyāti tannivattanatthaṃ āha <span class="bld">‘‘rattūparato’’</span>ti. Evampi aparaṇhabhojīpi siyā ekabhattikoti tannivattanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘virato vikālabhojanā’’</span>ti <a name="M2.0158"></a> vuttaṃ. Aruṇuggamanakālato paṭṭhāya yāva majjhanhikā ayaṃ buddhādīnaṃ ariyānaṃ āciṇṇasamāciṇṇo bhojanassa kālo nāma, tadañño <span class="bld">vikālo</span>. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> pana dutiyapadena rattibhojanassa paṭikkhittattā <span class="bld">‘‘atikkante majjhanhike yāva sūriyatthaṅgamanā bhojanaṃ vikālabhojanaṃ nāmā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Sabbapāpassa akaraṇa’’ntiādinayappavattaṃ (dī. ni. 2.90; dha. pa. 183; netti. 30, 50, 116, 124) bhagavato sāsanaṃ accantarāguppattiyā naccādidassanaṃ na anulometīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sāsanassa ananulomattā’’</span>ti. Attanā payojiyamānaṃ, parehi payojāpiyamānañca naccaṃ naccabhāvasāmaññena pāḷiyaṃ ekeneva <span class="bld">nacca</span>-saddena gahitaṃ, tathā gītavādita-saddena cāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘naccananaccāpanādivasenā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena gāyanagāyāpanavādanavādāpanāni saṅgayhanti. Dassanena cettha savanampi saṅgahitaṃ virūpekasesanayena<a name="V2.0148"></a>. Yathāsakaṃ visayassa ālocanasabhāvatāya vā pañcannaṃ viññāṇānaṃ savanakiriyāyapi dassanasaṅkhepasabbhāvato <span class="bld">‘‘dassanā’’</span>icceva vuttaṃ. Tenāha ‘‘pañcahi viññāṇehi na kañci dhammaṃ paṭivijānāti aññatra abhinipātamattā’’ti. Avisūkabhūtassa gītassa savanaṃ kadāci vaṭṭatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘visūkabhūtā dassanā’’</span>ti. Tathā hi vuttaṃ paramatthajotikāyaṃ <span class="bld">khuddakaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> (khu. pā. aṭṭha. 2.pacchimapañcasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā) ‘‘dhammūpasaṃhitaṃ gītaṃ vaṭṭati, gītūpasaṃhito dhammo na vaṭṭatī’’ti. <span class="bld">Yaṃ kiñcī</span>ti ganthitaṃ vā aganthitaṃ vā yaṃ kiñci pupphaṃ. <span class="bld">Gandhajāta</span>nti gandhajātikaṃ. Tassapi ‘‘yaṃ kiñcī’’ti vacanato pisitassa apisitassapi yassa kassaci vilepanādi na vaṭṭatīti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uccā</span>ti ucca-saddena samānatthaṃ ekaṃ saddantaraṃ. Seti etthāti <span class="bld">sayanaṃ</span>. Uccāsayanaṃ mahāsayanañca samaṇasārupparahitaṃ adhippetanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pamāṇātikkantaṃ akappiyattharaṇa’’</span>nti. Āsanañcettha sayaneneva saṅgahitanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Yasmā pana ādhāre paṭikkhitte tadādhārā kiriyā paṭikkhittāva hoti, tasmā ‘‘uccāsayanamahāsayanā’’icceva vuttaṃ, atthato <a name="M2.0159"></a> pana tadupabhogabhūtanisajjānipajjanehi virati dassitāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Atha vā uccāsayanamahāsayanañca uccāsayanamahāsayanañca <span class="bld">uccāsayanamahāsayana</span>nti etasmiṃ atthe ekasesena ayaṃ niddeso kato yathā ‘‘nāmarūpapaccayā saḷāyatana’’nti (ma. ni. 3.126; saṃ. ni. 2.1; udā. 1), āsanakiriyāpubbakattā vā sayanakiriyāya sayanaggahaṇena āsanampi gahitanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dārumāsakoti ye vohāraṃ gacchantī</span>ti <span class="bld">iti</span>-saddena evaṃpakāre dasseti. Aññehi gāhāpane upanikkhittasādiyane ca paṭiggahaṇattho labbhatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘neva naṃ uggaṇhāti, na uggaṇhāpeti, na upanikkhittaṃ sādiyatī’’</span>ti. Atha vā tividhaṃ paṭiggahaṇaṃ kāyena vācāya manasāti. Tattha kāyena paṭiggahaṇaṃ <span class="bld">uggaṇhanaṃ,</span> vācāya paṭiggahaṇaṃ <span class="bld">uggahāpanaṃ,</span> manasā paṭiggahaṇaṃ <span class="bld">sādiyana</span>nti tividhampi paṭiggahaṇaṃ ekajjhaṃ gahetvā ‘‘paṭiggahaṇā’’ti vuttanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘neva naṃ uggaṇhātī’’</span>tiādi. Esa nayo <span class="bld">āmakadhaññapaṭiggahaṇā</span>tiādīsupi. Nīvārādiupadhaññassa sāliādimūladhaññantogadhattā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sattavidhassā’’</span>ti. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pañca vasāni bhesajjāni acchavasaṃ macchavasaṃ susukāvasaṃ sukaravasaṃ gadrabhavasa’’nti (mahāva. 262) vuttattā idaṃ odissa anuññātaṃ nāma, tassa pana ‘‘kāle paṭiggahita’’nti (mahāva. 262) vuttattā paṭiggahaṇaṃ vaṭṭati. Sati paccayeti āha <span class="bld">‘‘aññatra odissa anuññātā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sarūpena <a name="V2.0149"></a> vañcanaṃ <span class="bld">rūpakūṭaṃ,</span> patirūpena vañcanāti attho. Aṅgena attano sarīrāvayavena vañcanaṃ <span class="bld">aṅgakūṭaṃ</span>. Gahaṇavasena vañcanaṃ <span class="bld">gahaṇakūṭaṃ</span>. Paṭicchannaṃ katvā vañcanaṃ <span class="bld">paṭicchannakūṭaṃ. Akkamatī</span>ti nippīḷeti, pubbabhāge akkamatīti sambandho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Hadaya</span>nti nāḷiādīnaṃ mānabhājanānaṃ abbhantaraṃ. Tilādīnaṃ nāḷiādīhi minanakāle ussāpitasikhāyeva sikhā. <span class="bld">Sikhābhedo</span> tassāhāpanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kecī</span>ti <a name="M2.0160"></a> sārasamāsācariyā, uttaravihāravāsino ca. <span class="bld">Vadho</span>ti muṭṭhipahārakasātāḷanādīhi vihesanaṃ, vibādhananti attho. Viheṭhanatthopi hi vadha-saddo dissati ‘‘attānaṃvadhitvā vadhitvā rodatī’’tiādīsu (pāci. 879, 881). Yathā hi apariggahabhāvasāmaññe satipi pabbajitehi appaṭiggahitabbavatthuvibhāgasandassanatthaṃ itthikumāridāsidāsādayo vibhāgena vuttā. Evaṃ parassa haraṇabhāvato adinnādānabhāvasāmaññe satipi tulākūṭādayo adinnādānavisesabhāvadassanatthaṃ vibhāgena vuttā, na evaṃ pāṇātipātapariyāyassa vadhassa puna gahaṇe payojanaṃ atthi, tattha sayaṃkāro, idha paraṃkāroti ca na sakkā vattuṃ ‘‘kāyavacīpayogasamuṭṭhāpikā cetanā chappayogā’’ti vacanato. Tasmā yathāvutto evettha attho yutto. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> pana <span class="bld">‘‘vadhoti māraṇa’’</span>nti vuttaṃ, tampi pothanameva sandhāyāti ca sakkā viññātuṃ māraṇa-saddassapi vihiṃsane dissanato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para294"></a><a name="para294_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">294</span>. Cīvarapiṇḍapātānaṃ yathākkamaṃ kāyakucchipariharaṇamattajotanāyaṃ avisesato aṭṭhannaṃ parikkhārānaṃ antare tappayojanatā sambhavatīti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘te sabbepī’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Etepī</span>ti navaparikkhārikādayopi appicchāva santuṭṭhāva. Na hi tatthakena mahicchatā, asantuṭṭhitā vā hotīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Catūsu disāsu sukhaṃ viharati, tato eva sukhavihāraṭṭhānabhūtā catasso disā assa santīti vā <span class="bld">cātuddiso</span>. Tattha cāyaṃ satte vā saṅkhāre vā bhayena na paṭihaññatīti <span class="bld">appaṭigho</span>. Dvādasavidhassa santosassa vasena santussanako <span class="bld">santussamāno. Itarītarenā</span>ti uccāvacena. <span class="bld">Parissayānaṃ</span> bāhirānaṃ sīhabyagghādīnaṃ, abbhantarānañca kāmacchandādīnaṃ kāyacittupaddavānaṃ abhibhavanato parissayānaṃ <span class="bld">sahitā</span>. Thaddhabhāvakarabhayābhāvena <span class="bld">acchambhī. Eko</span> asahāyo. Tato eva khaggamigasiṅgasadisatāya <span class="bld">khaggavisāṇakappo</span> careyyāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Chinnapakkho<a name="V2.0150"></a>, asañjātapakkho vā sakuṇo gantuṃ na sakkotīti <span class="bld">‘‘pakkhī sakuṇo’’</span>ti pakkhi-saddena visesetvā sakuṇo pāḷiyaṃ vuttoti <a name="M2.0161"></a> āha <span class="bld">‘‘pakkhayutto sakuṇo’’</span>ti. Yassa sannidhikāraparibhogo kiñci ṭhapetabbaṃ sāpekkhāya ṭhapanañca natthi, tādiso ayaṃ bhikkhūti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘ayaṃ panettha saṅkhepattho’’</span>tiādimāha. Ariyanti apenti tato dosā, tehi vā ārakāti <span class="bld">ariyo</span>ti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ariyenāti niddosenā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ajjhatta</span>nti attani. <span class="bld">Niddosasukha</span>nti nirāmisasukhaṃ kilesavajjarahitattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para295"></a><a name="para295_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">295</span>. Yathāvutte sīlasaṃvare patiṭṭhitasseva indriyasaṃvaro icchitabbo tadadhiṭṭhānato, tassa ca paripālakabhāvatoti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘so iminā ariyena sīlakkhandhena samannāgato bhikkhū’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sesapadesū</span>ti ‘‘na nimittaggāhī hotī’’tiādīsu padesu. Yasmā <span class="bld">visuddhimagge</span> (visuddhi. 1.15) vuttaṃ, tasmā tassa <span class="bld">līnatthappakāsiniyaṃ saṃvaṇṇanāyaṃ</span> (visuddhi. mahāṭī. 1.15) vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ. Rūpādīsu nimittādiggāhaparivajjanalakkhaṇattā indriyasaṃvarassa kilesehi anavasittasukhatā avikiṇṇasukhatā cassa vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para296"></a><a name="para296_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">296</span>. <span class="bld">Paccayasampatti</span>nti paccayapāripūriṃ. <span class="bld">Ime cattāro</span>ti sīlasaṃvaro santoso indriyasaṃvaro satisampajaññanti ime cattāro araññavāsassa sambhārā. <span class="bld">Tiracchānagatehi vattabbataṃ āpajjati</span> isisiṅgassa pituādayo viya. <span class="bld">Vanacarakehī</span>ti vanacarakamātugāmehi. <span class="bld">Bheravasaddaṃ sāventi,</span> tāvatā apalāyantānaṃ <span class="bld">hatthehi sīsaṃ…pe… karonti</span>. Paṇṇattivītikkamasaṅkhātaṃ <span class="bld">kāḷakaṃ vā</span>. Micchāvitakkasaṅkhātaṃ <span class="bld">tilakaṃ vā. Ta</span>nti pītiṃ vibhūtabhāvena upaṭṭhānato <span class="bld">khayato sammasanto</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vivitta</span>nti janavivittaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘suñña’’</span>nti. Sā ca vivittatā nissaddabhāvena lakkhitabbāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘appasaddaṃ appanigghosa’’</span>nti. Āvasathabhūtaṃ senāsanaṃ viharitabbaṭṭhena <span class="bld">vihārasenāsanaṃ</span>. Masārakādi mañcapīṭhaṃ tattha attharitabbaṃ bhisiupadhānañca mañcapīṭhasambandhito <span class="bld">mañcapīṭhasenāsanaṃ</span>. Cimilikādi bhūmiyaṃ santharitabbatāya <span class="bld">santhatasenāsanaṃ</span>. Rukkhamūlādi paṭikkamitabbaṭṭhānaṃ caṅkamanādīnaṃ okāsabhāvato <span class="bld">okāsasenāsanaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Anucchavikaṃ</span> <a name="V2.0151"></a> <span class="bld">dassento’’</span>ti vatvā tameva anucchavikabhāvaṃ vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tattha hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Acchanna</span>nti iṭṭhakachadanādinā antamaso rukkhasākhāhipi na channaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhattassa</span> <a name="M2.0162"></a> <span class="bld">pacchato</span>ti bhattabhuñjanassa pacchato. <span class="bld">Ūrubaddhāsana</span>nti ūrūnaṃ adhobandhanavasena nisajjaṃ. Heṭṭhimakāyassa anujukaṭṭhapanaṃ nisajjāvacaneneva bodhitanti. <span class="bld">Ujuṃ kāya</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">kāya</span>-saddo uparimakāyavisayoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘uparimaṃ sarīraṃ ujukaṃ ṭhapetvā’’</span>ti. Taṃ pana ujukaṭṭhapanaṃ sarūpato payojanato ca dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘aṭṭhārasā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Na paṇamantī</span>ti na oṇamanti. <span class="bld">Na paripatatī</span>ti na vigacchati, vīthiṃ na vilaṅgheti. Tato eva pubbenāparaṃ visesappattiyā kammaṭṭhānaṃ <span class="bld">vuddhiṃ phātiṃ upagacchati. Mukhasamīpe</span>ti mukhassa samīpe nāsikagge vā uttaroṭṭhe vā. Idha <span class="bld">pari</span>-saddo abhi-saddena samānatthoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kammaṭṭhānābhimukha’’</span>nti, bahiddhā puthuttārammaṇato nivāretvā kammaṭṭhānaṃyeva purakkhatvāti attho. <span class="bld">Parīti pariggahaṭṭho</span> ‘‘pariṇāyikā’’tiādīsu (dha. sa. 16) viya. <span class="bld">Niyyānaṭṭho</span> paṭipakkhato niggamanaṭṭho, tasmā <span class="bld">pariggahitaniyyānasati</span>nti sabbathā gahitāsammosaṃ pariccattasammosaṃ satiṃ katvā, paramaṃ satinepakkaṃ upaṭṭhapetvāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vikkhambhanavasenā</span>ti ettha vikkhambhanaṃ anuppādanaṃ appavattanaṃ na paṭipakkhena suppahīnatā. <span class="bld">Pahīnattā</span>ti ca pahīnasadisataṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ jhānassa anadhigatatā. Tathāpi nayidaṃ cakkhuviññāṇaṃ viya sabhāvato vigatābhijjhaṃ, atha kho bhāvanāvasena. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘na cakkhuviññāṇasadisenā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Eseva nayo</span>ti yathā cakkhuviññāṇaṃ sabhāvena vigatābhijjhaṃ abyāpannañca, na bhāvanāya vikkhambhitattā, na evamidaṃ. Idaṃ pana cittaṃ bhāvanāya parisodhitattā abyāpannaṃ vigatathinamiddhaṃ anuddhataṃ nibbicikicchañcāti attho. <span class="bld">Idaṃ ubhaya</span>nti satisampajaññamāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para297"></a><a name="para297_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">297</span>. <span class="bld">Ucchinditvā pātentī</span>ti ettha ucchindanaṃ pātanañca tāsaṃ paññānaṃ anuppannānaṃ uppajjituṃ appadānameva. Iti mahaggatānuttarapaññānaṃ ekaccāya ca parittapaññāya anuppattihetubhūtā nīvaraṇā dhammā itarāya ca samatthataṃ vihanantiyevāti <span class="bld">paññāya dubbalīkaraṇā</span> vuttā. Idampi paṭhamajjhānaṃ veneyyasantāne patiṭṭhāpiyamānaṃ ñāṇaṃ pajjati etthāti <span class="bld">ñāṇapadaṃ</span>. Ñāṇaṃ vaḷañjeti etthāti <span class="bld">ñāṇavaḷañjaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para299"></a><a name="para299_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">299</span>. <span class="bld">Na</span> <a name="V2.0152"></a> <span class="bld">tāva niṭṭhaṃ gato</span> bāhirakānaṃ ñāṇena akkantaṭṭhānānipi siyunti. Yadi evaṃ anaññasādhāraṇe maggañāṇapade kathaṃ na niṭṭhaṅgatoti āha <a name="M2.0163"></a> <span class="bld">‘‘maggakkhaṇepī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Tīsu ratanesu niṭṭhaṃ gato hotī</span>ti buddhasubuddhataṃ dhammasudhammataṃ saṅghasuppaṭipattitañca ārabbha ñāṇena niṭṭhaṃ nicchayaṃ upagato hoti. Kāmañcettha paṭhamamaggeneva sabbaso vicikicchāya pahīnattā sabbassapi ariyasāvakassa kaṅkhā vā vimati vā natthi, tattha pana yathā paññāvepullappattassa arahato savisaye ñāṇaṃ savisesaṃ ogāhati, na tathā anāgāmiādīnanti ratanattaye sātisayaṃ ñāṇanicchayagamanaṃ sandhāya ‘‘aggamaggavasena tatthaniṭṭhāgamanaṃ vutta’’nti vuttaṃ. Yaṃ panettha avibhattaṃ, taṃ suviññeyyamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Cūḷahatthipadopamasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.</p>
<p class="subhead">8. Mahāhatthipadopamasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para300"></a><a name="para300_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">300</span>. <span class="bld">Jaṅgalāna</span>nti <a name="V2.0153"></a> ettha yo nipicchalena amuduko nirudakatāya thaddhalūkhabhūmippadeso, so ‘‘jaṅgalo’’ti vuccati. Tabbahulatāya pana idha sabbo bhūmippadeso jaṅgalo, tasmiṃ jaṅgale jātā, bhavāti vā jaṅgalā, tesaṃ jaṅgalānaṃ. Evañhi nadīcarānampi hatthīnaṃ saṅgaho kato hoti. Samodhātabbānaṃ viya hi samodhāyakānampi jaṅgalaggahaṇena gahetabbato. <span class="bld">Pathavītalacārīna</span>nti iminā jalacārino na nivatteti adissamānapādattā. <span class="bld">Pāṇāna</span>nti sādhāraṇavacanampi ‘‘padajātānī’’ti saddantarasannidhānena visesaniviṭṭhameva hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sapādakapāṇāna’’</span>nti. ‘‘Muttagata’’ntiādīsu (ma. ni. 2.119; a. ni. 9.11) gata-saddo anatthantaro viya, <span class="bld">jāta</span>-saddo anatthantaroti āha <span class="bld">‘‘padajātānīti padānī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Samodhāna</span>nti samavarodhaṃ, antogamaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Mahantattenā</span>ti vipulabhāvena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kusalā dhammā</span>ti anavajjasukhavipākā dhammā, na anavajjamattadhammā. Kusalattike āgatanayena hi idha kusalā dhammā gahetabbā, na bāhitikasutte āgatanayena. <span class="bld">Catubbidho saṅgaho</span>ti kasmā vuttaṃ, nanu ekavidhovettha saṅgaho adhippetoti? Na, atthaṃ aggahetvā aniddhāritatthassa saddasseva gahitattā. Saṅgaha-saddo tāva attano atthavasena <a name="M2.0164"></a> catubbidhoti ayañhettha attho. Atthopi vā aniddhāritaviseso sāmaññena gahetabbataṃ patto ‘‘saṅgahaṃ gacchatī’’ti ettha saṅgaha-saddena vacanīyataṃ gatoti na koci doso, niddhārite visese tassa ekavidhatā siyā, na tato pubbeti. <span class="bld">Sajātisaṅgaho</span>ti samānajātiyā, samānajātikānaṃ vā saṅgaho. Dhātukathāvaṇṇanāyaṃ pana <span class="bld">‘‘jātisaṅgaho’’</span>icceva vuttaṃ, taṃ jāti-saddassa sāpekkhasaddattā jātiyā saṅgahoti vutte attano jātiyāti viññāyati sambandhārahassa aññassa avuttattāti katvā vuttaṃ. Idha pana <span class="bld">rūpakaṇḍavaṇṇanāyaṃ</span> (dha. sa. aṭṭha. 594) viya pākaṭaṃ katvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sajātisaṅgaho’’</span>icceva vuttaṃ. Sañjāyanti etthāti sañjāti, sañjātiyā saṅgaho <span class="bld">sañjātisaṅgaho,</span> sañjātidesavasena saṅgahoti attho. ‘‘Sabbe rathikā’’ti vutte sabbe rathayodhā rathena yujjhanakiriyāya ekasaṅgahoti. ‘‘Sabbe dhanuggahā’’ti vutte sabbe issāsā dhanunā vijjhanakiriyāya ekasaṅgahoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ kiriyavasena saṅgaho’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Rūpakkhandhena saṅgahita</span>nti rūpakkhandhena ekasaṅgahaṃ rūpakkhandhoteva gaṇitaṃ, gahaṇaṃ gatanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Diyaḍḍhameva</span> <a name="V2.0154"></a> <span class="bld">saccaṃ bhajati</span> maggasaccadukkhasaccekadesabhāvato. Saccekadesantogadhampi saccantogadhameva hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘saccānaṃ antogadhattā’’</span>ti. Idāni tamatthaṃ sāsanato ca lokato ca upamaṃ āha ritvā dīpetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yathā hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">sādhikamidaṃ, bhikkhave, diyaḍḍhasikkhāpadasata</span>nti idaṃ yasmiṃ kāle taṃ suttaṃ desitaṃ, tadā paññattasikkhāpadavasena vuttaṃ, tato paraṃ pana sādhikāni dvesatāni sikkhāpadānīti. <span class="bld">Sikkhānaṃ antogadhattā</span> adhisīlasikkhāya. Ettha ca ‘‘sīlaṃ sikkhantopi tisso sikkhā sikkhatī’’ti visamoyaṃ upaññāso. Tattha hi yo pahātabbaṃ pajahati, saṃvaritabbato saṃvaraṃ āpajjati, ayamassa <span class="bld">adhisīlasikkhā</span>. Yo tattha cetaso avikkhepo, ayamassa <span class="bld">adhicittasikkhā</span>. Yā tattha vīmaṃsā, ayamassa <span class="bld">adhipaññāsikkhā</span>. Iti so kulaputto sarūpato labbhamānā eva tisso sikkhā sikkhatīti dīpito, na sikkhānaṃ antogadhatāmattena. Tenāha <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> ‘‘yo tathābhūtassa saṃvaro, ayamettha adhisīlasikkhā, yo tathābhūtassa <a name="M2.0165"></a> samādhi, ayamettha adhicittasikkhā, yā tathābhūtassa paññā, ayaṃ adhipaññāsikkhā. Imā tisso sikkhā tasmiṃ ārammaṇe tāya satiyā tena manasikārena sikkhati āsevati bhāveti bahulīkarotī’’ti. Idha pana saccānaṃ antogadhattā sacca-saddābhidheyyatāmattena catūsu saccesu gaṇanantogadhā hontīti? Na, tatthāpi hi nippariyāyato adhisīlasikkhāva labbhati, itarā pariyāyatoti katvā <span class="bld">‘‘sikkhānaṃ antogadhattā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Catūsu ariyasaccesu saṅgahaṃ gacchantī</span>ti ca tato amuccitvā tasseva antogadhataṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Evañca katvā ‘‘yathā ca ekassa hatthipadassā’’tiādinā dassitā hatthipadopamā samatthitā daṭṭhabbā. <span class="bld">Ekasmimpi dvīsupi tīsupi saccesu gaṇanaṃ gatā dhammā</span>ti idaṃ na kusalattikavaseneva veditabbaṃ, atha kho tikadukesu yathārahaṃ labbhamānapadavasena veditabbaṃ. Tattha ekasmiṃ sacce gaṇanaṃ gato dhammo asaṅkhatadhammo daṭṭhabbo, dvīsu saccesu gaṇanaṃ gatā kusalā dhammā, tathā akusalā dhammā, abyākatā ca dhammā, tīsu saccesu gaṇanaṃ gatā saṅkhatā dhammā, evaṃ aññesampi tikadukapadānaṃ vasena ayamattho yathārahaṃ vibhajitvā vattabbo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ekasmimpi…pe… gatāva hontī’’</span>ti. Ekadeso hi samudāyantogadhattā viseso viya sāmaññena samūhena saṅgahaṃ labhati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘saccānaṃ antogadhattā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Desanānukkamo</span>ti ariyasaccāni uddisitvā dukkhasaccaniddesavasena pañcannaṃ upādānakkhandhānaṃ vibhajanaṃ. Tattha ca rūpakkhandhaniddesavasenaādito ajjhattikāya pathavīdhātuyā vibhajananti. Ayaṃ imissā desanāya anukkamo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para301"></a><a name="para301_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">301</span>. Taṃ <a name="V2.0155"></a> panetaṃ upamāhi vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yathā hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">sujāta</span>nti sundaraṃ, susaṇṭhitaṃ supariṇatañcāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Pesiyo</span>ti vilīve. Mudubhāvato <span class="bld">kucchibhāgaṃ ādāya. Itare ca cattāro koṭṭhāse</span>ti pañcadhā bhinnakoṭṭhāsesu itare ca cattāro koṭṭhāse. <span class="bld">Itare ca tayo koṭṭhāse</span>tiādito catudhā bhinnakoṭṭhāsesu itare ca tayo koṭṭhāse.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rājaputtūpamāyā</span>ti rañño jeṭṭhaputtaupamāya. Nti piḷandhanaṃ. Ure vāyāmajanitaariyajātiyā <span class="bld">oraso. Mukhato jāto</span>ti mukhato niggatadhammadesanāya <a name="M2.0166"></a> jāto, buddhānaṃ vā dhammakāyassa mukhabhūtaariyadhammato jāto. Tato eva <span class="bld">dhammajo dhammanimmito</span>. Satthu dhammadāyādasseva gahitattā <span class="bld">dhammadāyādo</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘no āmisadāyādo’’</span>ti. Nti ‘‘bhagavato putto’’tiādivacanaṃ. Mahāpaññatādiguṇehi sātisayaṃ anupubbabhāve ṭhitattā <span class="bld">sammā</span> yathābhūtaṃ <span class="bld">vadamāno</span> vattuṃ sakkonto <span class="bld">vadeyya</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Akutobhayaṃ</span> nibbānaṃ nibbānagāminiñca. Rāgarajādīnaṃ vigamena vigatarajaṃ dhammaṃ desentaṃ sugataṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ parosahassaṃ payirupāsatīti yojanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Sevetha bhajathā’’</span>ti vatvā tattha kāraṇamāha <span class="bld">‘‘paṇḍitā bhikkhū anuggāhakā’’</span>ti. Paṇḍitāpi samānā na appassutā, atha kho ovādānusāsanīhi anuggāhakāti purimā upamā therasseva vasena udāhaṭā, dutiyā pana bhagavato bhikkhusaṅghassapi vasena udāhaṭā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para302"></a><a name="para302_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">302</span>. <span class="bld">Ajjhattikā</span>ti sattasantānapariyāpannā. <span class="bld">Ajjhattaṃ paccatta</span>nti padadvayenapi taṃtaṃpāṭipuggalikadhammā vuccantīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ubhayampetaṃ niyakādhivacanamevā’’</span>ti. Sasantatipariyāpannatāya pana attāti gahetabbabhāvūpagamanavasena attānaṃ adhikicca uddissa pavattaṃ <span class="bld">ajjhattaṃ,</span> taṃtaṃsattasantānapariyāpannatāya <span class="bld">paccattaṃ</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> (visuddhi. 1.307) ‘‘attani pavattattā ajjhattaṃ, attānaṃ paṭicca paṭicca pavattattā paccatta’’nti. <span class="bld">Kakkhaḷa</span>nti kathinaṃ. Yasmā taṃ thaddhabhāvena sahajātānaṃ patiṭṭhā hoti, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘thaddha’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Kharigata</span>nti kharasabhāvesu gataṃ tappariyāpannaṃ, kharasabhāvamevāti attho. Yasmā pana kharasabhāvaṃ pharusākārena upaṭṭhānato pharusākāraṃ hoti, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pharusa’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Upādinnaṃ</span> nāma sarīraṭṭhakaṃ. Tattha yaṃ kammasamuṭṭhānaṃ, taṃ nippariyāyato <span class="bld">‘‘upādinna’’</span>nti vuccati, itaraṃ <span class="bld">anupādinnaṃ</span>. Tadubhayampi idha taṇhādīhi ādinnagahitaparāmaṭṭhavasena upādinnamevāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sarīraṭṭhakañhī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">ādinna</span>nti abhiniviṭṭhaṃ. Mamanti <span class="bld">gahitaṃ</span>. Ahanti <span class="bld">parāmaṭṭhaṃ</span><a name="V2.0156"></a>. <span class="bld">Dhātukammaṭṭhānikassā</span>ti catudhātuvavatthānavasena dhātukammaṭṭhānaṃ pariharantassa. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti <a name="M2.0167"></a> etasmiṃ dhātukammaṭṭhāne. <span class="bld">Tīsu koṭṭhāsesū</span>ti tippakāresu koṭṭhāsesu. Na hi te tayo cattāro koṭṭhāsā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vuttappakārā</span>ti ‘‘kesā lomā’’tiādinā vuttappakārā. <span class="bld">Nānāsabhāvato</span>ti satipi kakkhaḷabhāvasāmaññe sasambhāravibhattito pana kesādisaṅghātagatanānāsabhāvato. <span class="bld">Ālayo</span>ti apekkhā. <span class="bld">Nikantī</span>ti nikāmanā. <span class="bld">Patthanā</span>ti taṇhāpatthanā. <span class="bld">Pariyuṭṭhāna</span>nti taṇhāpariyuṭṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Gahaṇa</span>nti kāmupādānaṃ. <span class="bld">Parāmāso</span>ti parato āmasanā micchābhiniveso. <span class="bld">Na balavā</span> ālayādi. Yadi evaṃ kasmā vibhaṅge bāhirāpi pathavīdhātu vitthāreneva vibhattāti? Yathādhammadesanattā tattha vitthāreneva desanā pavattā, yathānulomadesanattā panettha vuttanayena desanā saṃkhittā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yojetvā dassetī</span>ti ekajjhaṃ katvā dasseti. <span class="bld">Sā</span>ti ajjhattikā pathavīdhātu. <span class="bld">Sukhapariggaho hoti</span> ‘‘na me so attā’’ti. Siddhe hi anattalakkhaṇe dukkhalakkhaṇaṃ aniccalakkhaṇañca siddhameva hoti saṅkhatadhammesu tadavinābhāvatoti. <span class="bld">Visūkāyatī</span>ti visūkaṃ virūpakiriyaṃ pavatteti. Sā pana atthato vipphandanamevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vipphandatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti ajjhattikāya pathavīdhātuyā. <span class="bld">Acetanābhāvo pākaṭo hoti</span> dhātumattatāya dassanato. <span class="bld">Taṃ ubhayampī</span>ti taṃ pathavīdhātudvayampi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tato visesatarenā</span>ti tato bāhiramahāpathavito visesavantatarena, lahutarenāti attho. <span class="bld">Kuppatī</span>ti luppati. <span class="bld">Vilīyamānā</span>ti pakatiudake loṇaṃ viya vilayaṃ gacchantī. <span class="bld">Udakānugatā</span>ti udakaṃ anugatā udakagatikā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘udakameva hotī’’</span>ti. Abhāvo <span class="bld">eva abhāvatā,</span> na bhavatīti vā abhāvo, tathāsabhāvo dhammo. Tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">abhāvatā</span>. Vayo vināso dhammo sabhāvo etassāti vayadhammo, tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">vayadhammatā,</span> atthato khayo eva. Sesapadesupi eseva nayo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbehipi imehi padehi aniccalakkhaṇameva vutta’’</span>nti. Viddhaṃsanabhāvassa pana paveditabbattā kāmaṃ aniccalakkhaṇameva vuttaṃ sarūpato, itarānipi atthato vuttānevāti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ panā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Mattaṃ <a name="M2.0168"></a> khaṇamattaṃ tiṭṭhatīti mattaṭṭho, appamattaṭṭho <span class="bld">mattaṭṭhako,</span> atiittarakhaṇikoti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘parittaṭṭhitikassā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ṭhitiparittatāyā</span>ti ekacittapavattimattatāṭhānalakkhaṇassa itarabhāvena<a name="V2.0157"></a>. Ekassa cittassa pavattikkhaṇamatteneva hi sattānaṃ paramatthato jīvanakkhaṇo paricchinno. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ayaṃ hī’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Jīvita</span>nti jīvitindriyaṃ. <span class="bld">Sukhadukkhā</span>ti sukhadukkhā vedanā. Upekkhāpi hi sukhadukkhāsveva antogadhā iṭṭhāniṭṭhabhāvato. <span class="bld">Attabhāvo</span>ti jīvitavedanāviññāṇāni ṭhapetvā avasiṭṭhadhammā vuttā. <span class="bld">Kevalā</span>ti attaniccabhāvena avomissā. <span class="bld">Ekacittasamāyuttā</span>ti ekena cittena sahitā ekacittakkhaṇikā. <span class="bld">Lahuso vattate khaṇo</span>ti tāya eva ekakkhaṇikatāya lahuko atiittaro jīvitādīnaṃ khaṇo vattati vītivattatīti attho. <span class="bld">Ida</span>nti gāthāvacanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā sattānaṃ jīvitaṃ assāsapassāsānaṃ aparāparasañcaraṇaṃ labhamānameva pavattati, na alabhamānaṃ, tasmā <span class="bld">assāsapassāsūpanibaddhaṃ</span>. Tathā mahābhūtānaṃ samavuttitaṃ labhamānameva pavattati. Pathavīdhātuyā hi āpodhātuādīnaṃ vā aññatarapakopena balasampannopi puriso patthaddhakāyo vā, atisārādivasena kilinnapūtikāyo vā, mahāḍāhapareto vā, sañchijjamānasandhibandhano vā hutvā jīvitakkhayaṃ pāpuṇāti. Kabaḷīkārāhārānaṃ yuttakāle labhantasseva jīvitaṃ pavattati, alabhantassa parikkhayaṃ gacchati, viññāṇe pavattamāneyeva ca jīvitaṃ pavattati, na tasmiṃ appavattamāne.<span class="bld"> Jīvita</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">iti</span>-saddena iriyāpathūpanibaddhatāsītuṇhūpanibaddhatādīnaṃ saṅgaho. Catunnañhi iriyāpathānaṃ samavuttitaṃ labhamānameva jīvitaṃ pavattati, aññatarassa pana adhimattatāya āyusaṅkhārā upacchijjanti, sītuṇhānampi samavuttitaṃ labhamānameva pavattati, atisītena pana atiuṇhena vā abhibhūtassa vipajjatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Taṇhupādinnassā</span>ti iminā hi paccayuppannatākittanena sarasapabhaṅgutaṃyeva vibhāveti. Dukkhānupassanāya taṇhāggāhassa aniccānupassanāya mānaggāhassa anattānupassanāya diṭṭhiggāhassa ujuvipaccanīkabhāvato ekaṃseneva tīhi anupassanāhi gāhāpi vigacchantīti āha<span class="bld"> ‘‘noteva hotī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ekaṃyeva āgataṃ</span> bāhirāya pathavīdhātuyā antaradhānadassanapavattajotanāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pariggaha</span>nti <a name="M2.0169"></a> dhātupariggahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭṭhapento</span>ti ārabhanto desento. Sotadvāre balaṃ dassetīti yojanā. Kammaṭṭhānikassa baladassanāpadesena kammaṭṭhānassa ānubhāvaṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Vācāya ghaṭṭanameva vuttaṃ</span> sotadvāre baladassanabhāvato. <span class="bld">Bala</span>nti ca bāhirāya viya ajjhattikāyapi pathavīdhātuyā acetanābhāvadassanena <a name="V2.0158"></a> rukkhassa viya akkosantepi paharantepi nibbikāratā. <span class="bld">Sampativattamānuppannabhāvenā</span>ti tadā paccuppannabhāvena. <span class="bld">Samudācāruppannabhāvenā</span>ti āpāthagate tasmiṃ aniṭṭhe saddārammaṇe ārammaṇakaraṇasaṅkhātauppattivasena sotadvāre javanavedanā dukkhāti vacanato. Tathā hi <span class="bld">‘‘upanissayavasenā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Vedanādayopī</span>ti ‘‘vedanā aniccā’’ti ettha vuttavedanā ceva saññādayo ca. Te hi phassena samānabhūmikā na pubbe vuttavedanā. <span class="bld">Dhātusaṅkhātameva ārammaṇa</span>nti yathāpariggahitaṃ pathavīdhātusaṅkhātameva visayaṃ. <span class="bld">Pakkhandatī</span>ti vipassanācittaṃ aniccantipi dukkhantipi anattātipi sammasanavasena anupavisati. Etena bahiddhāvikkhepābhāvamāha, <span class="bld">pasīdatī</span>ti pana iminā kammaṭṭhānassa vīthipaṭipannataṃ. <span class="bld">Santiṭṭhatī</span>ti iminā uparūpari visesāvahabhāvena avatthānaṃ paṭipakkhābhibhavena niccalabhāvato. <span class="bld">Vimuccatī</span>ti iminā taṇhāmānadiṭṭhiggāhato visesena muccanaṃ. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> pana samuṭṭhānavasena attho vutto <span class="bld">‘‘adhimokkhaṃ labhatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sotadvāramhi ārammaṇe āpāthagate</span>ti idaṃ mūlapariññāya mūladassanaṃ. Sotadvārehi āvajjanavoṭṭhabbanānaṃ ayoniso āvajjayato voṭṭhabbanavasena iṭṭhe ārammaṇe lobho, aniṭṭhe ca paṭigho uppajjati, manodvāre pana ‘‘itthī, puriso’’ti rajjanādi hoti, tassa pañcadvārajavanaṃ <span class="bld">mūlaṃ,</span> sabbaṃ vā bhavaṅgādi. Evaṃ manodvārajavanassa mūlavasena <span class="bld">pariññā</span>. <span class="bld">Āgantukatāvakālikapariññā</span> pana pañcadvārajavanasseva apubbabhāvavasena itarabhāvavasena ca veditabbā. Ayamettha saṅkhepo, vitthāro pana satipaṭṭhānasaṃvaṇṇanāyaṃ vutto eva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yāthāvato dhātūnaṃ pariggaṇhanavasena katapariggahassapi anādikālabhāvanāvasena <span class="bld">ayoniso āvajjanaṃ sacepi uppajjati. Voṭṭhabbanaṃ patvā</span>ti voṭṭhabbanakiccataṃ patvā. <span class="bld">Ekaṃ dve vāre āsevanaṃ labhitvā, na</span> āsevanapaccayaṃ. Na hi upekkhāsahagatāhetukacittaṃ āsevanapaccayabhūtaṃ atthi. Yadi siyā, paṭṭhāne kusalattike paṭiccavārādīsu <a name="M2.0170"></a> ‘‘na maggapaccayā āsevane dve, āsevanapaccayā na magge dve’’ti ca vattabbaṃ siyā, ‘‘na maggapaccayā āsevane ekaṃ (paṭṭhā. 1.1.221), āsevanapaccayā na magge eka’’nti (paṭṭhā. 1.1.152) ca pana vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ekaṃ dve vāre</span>ti ettha ca ekaggahaṇaṃ vacanasiliṭṭhatāya vasena vuttaṃ. Na hi dutiye moghavāre ekavārameva voṭṭhabbanaṃ pavattati. Dvikkhattuṃ vā tassa pavattiṃ sandhāya ekavāraggahaṇaṃ, tikkhattuṃ pavattiṃ sandhāya dvevāraggahaṇaṃ. Tattha dutiyaṃ tatiyañca pavattamānaṃ laddhāsevanaṃ viya hoti. Yasmā pana ‘‘voṭṭhabbanaṃ patvā ekaṃ dve vāreāsevanaṃ labhitvā cittaṃ bhavaṅgameva otaratī’’ti idaṃ dutiyamoghavāravasena vuttaṃ bhaveyya. So ca ārammaṇadubbalatāya eva hotīti <span class="bld">abhidhammaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> niyamito. Idha pana tikkhānupassanānubhāvena akusaluppattiyā asambhavavasena ayonisova āvajjato ayoniso vavatthānaṃ <a name="V2.0159"></a> siyā, na yoniso, tasmiñca pavatte mahati atimahati vā ārammaṇe javanaṃ na uppajjeyyāti ayamattho vicāretvā gahetabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Etasseva vā satipi duvidhatāparikappane so ca yadi anulome vedanāttike paṭiccavārādīsu ‘‘āsevanapaccayā na magge dve, na maggapaccayā āsevane dve’’ti ca vuttaṃ siyā, (labbheyya), na ca vuttaṃ. Yadi pana voṭṭhabbanampi āsevanapaccayo siyā, kusalākusalānampi siyā. Na hi āsevanapaccayaṃ laddhuṃ yuttassa āsevanapaccayatāpi dhammo āsevanapaccayo hotīti avutto atthi, voṭṭhabbanassa pana kusalākusalānaṃ āsevanapaccayabhāvo avutto – ‘‘kusalaṃ dhammaṃ paṭicca kusalo dhammo uppajjati nāsevanapaccayā. Akusalaṃ…pe… nāsevanapaccayā’’ti (paṭṭhā. 1.1.93-94) vacanato paṭikkhitto ca. Athāpi siyā asamānavedanānaṃ vaseneva vuttanti ca, evamapi yathā – ‘‘āvajjanā kusalānaṃ khandhānaṃ akusalānaṃ khandhānaṃ anantarapaccayena paccayo’’ti (paṭṭhā. 1.1.417) vuttaṃ, evaṃ ‘‘āsevanapaccayena paccayo’’tipi vattabbaṃ siyā. Taṃ jātibhedā na vuttanti ce? Bhūmibhinnassa kāmāvacarassa rūpāvacarādīnaṃ āsevanapaccayabhāvo viya jātibhinnassapi bhaveyyāti vattabbo eva siyā, abhinnajātikassa ca vasena yathā – ‘‘āvajjanā sahetukānaṃ khandhānaṃ anantarapaccayena paccayo’’ti <a name="M2.0171"></a> vuttaṃ, evaṃ ‘‘āsevanapaccayena paccayo’’tipi vattabbaṃ siyā, na ca vuttaṃ. Tasmā vedanāttikepi ‘‘āsevanapaccayā na magge ekaṃ, na maggapaccayā āsevane eka’’nti evaṃ gaṇanāya niddhāriyamānāya voṭṭhabbanassa āsevanapaccayattassa abhāvā ayaṃ moghavāro upaparikkhitvā gahetabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Voṭṭhabbanaṃ pana vīthivipākasantatiyā āvaṭṭanato āvajjanā, tato visadisassa javanassa karaṇato manasikāroti ca vattabbataṃ labheyya, evañca katvā <span class="bld">paṭṭhāne</span> ‘‘voṭṭhabbanaṃ kusalānaṃ khandhānaṃ anantarapaccayena paccayo’’tiādi na vuttaṃ, ‘‘āvajjanā’’icceva (paṭṭhā. 1.1.417) vuttaṃ, tampi voṭṭhabbanato paraṃ catunnaṃ pañcannaṃ vā javanānaṃ ārammaṇapurejātaṃ bhavituṃ asakkontaṃ rūpādiṃ ārabbha pavattamānaṃ voṭṭhabbanaṃ javanaṭṭhāne ṭhatvā bhavaṅgaṃ otarati. <span class="bld">Javanaṭṭhāne ṭhatvā</span>ti ca javanassa uppajjanaṭṭhāne dvikkhattuṃ pavattitvāti attho, na javanabhāvenāti. <span class="bld">Āsevanaṃ labhitvā</span>ti cettha āsevanaṃ viya āsevananti vuttovāyamattho. Vipphārikattā cassa dvikkhattuṃ vā tikkhattuṃ vā pavattiyeva cettha āsevanasadisatā. Vipphārikatāya hi viññattisamuṭṭhāpakatā cassa vuccati. Vipphārikampi javanaṃ viya anekakkhattuṃ appavattiyā asuppatiṭṭhitatāya ca na nippariyāyato āsevanabhāvena <a name="V2.0160"></a> vattatīti na imassa āsevanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> pana phalacittesu maggapariyāyo viya pariyāyavasena vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aya</span>nti ‘‘sacepī’’tiādinā vutto ekavārampi rāgādīnaṃ anuppādanavasena vipassanāya kammaṃ karonto yogāvacaro. <span class="bld">Koṭippatto</span>ti matthakaṃ patto. Paṭipakkhehi anabhibhūtattā visadavipassanāñāṇatāya <span class="bld">tikkhavipassako. Ārammaṇaṃ pariggahitameva hoti</span> ‘‘evaṃ me javanaṃ javita’’nti sārammaṇassa javanassa hutvā abhāvavavatthāpanassa kammaṭṭhānabhāvato, tathā āvajjanavasena vā taṃ ārammaṇaṃ vissajjetvā tāvadeva mūlakammaṭṭhānabhūtaṃ ārammaṇaṃ pariggahitameva hoti. <span class="bld">Dutiyassa pana vasenā</span>ti ‘‘aparassa rāgādivasena ekavāraṃ javanaṃ javatī’’tiādinā vuttassa nātitikkhavipassakassa vasena ‘‘tassa dhātārammaṇameva cittaṃ pakkhandatī’’tiādinā imasmiṃ sutte āgatattā. ‘‘Tamenaṃ upadhipahānāya paṭipannaṃ upadhipaṭinissaggāya kadāci karahaci satisammosā upadhipaṭisaṃyuttā sarasaṅkappā samudācaranti. Dandho udāyi satuppādo, atha kho <a name="M2.0172"></a> naṃ khippameva pajahati vinodeti byantīkaroti anabhāvaṃ gametī’’ti <span class="bld">laṭukikopame</span>. Tassa hi <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> ‘‘sotāpannādayo tāva pajahantu, puthujjano kathaṃ pajahatī’’ti codanaṃ paṭṭhapetvā ‘‘āraddhavipassako hi satisammosena sahasā kilese uppanne ‘mādisassa nāma bhikkhuno kileso uppanno’ti saṃvegaṃ katvā vīriyaṃ paggayha vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā maggena kilese samugghāteti, iti so pajahati nāmā’’ti attho vutto. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘tassa dhātārammaṇameva cittaṃ pakkhandatītiādinā imasmiṃ sutte āgatattā’’tiādi. <span class="bld">Indriyabhāvane ca</span> majjhimassa vasena <span class="bld">ayamattho veditabbo</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pariggahavasenā</span>ti dhātupariggahavasena. Mammacchedanādivasena pavattaakkosanādiṃ aniṭṭhaṃ ārammaṇaṃ patvā <span class="bld">sotadvāre kilamati</span> puggalo, tathā pothanapaharaṇādikaṃ aniṭṭhaṃ ārammaṇaṃ patvā <span class="bld">kāyadvāre kilamati</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samudācarantī</span>ti sabbaso uddhaṃ ācaranti. Tayidaṃ amanāpehi samudācaraṇaṃ nāma pothanapaharaṇādivasena upakkamanamevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘upakkamantī’’</span>ti, bādhantīti attho. <span class="bld">Tathāsabhāvo</span>ti yathā pāṇippahārādīhi ghaṭṭitamatto vikāraṃ āpajjati, tathāsabhāvo. ‘‘Ubhatodaṇḍakena cepi, bhikkhave, kakacenā’’tiādinā (ma. ni. 1.232) ovādadānaṃ nāma anaññasādhāraṇaṃ buddhānaṃyeva āveṇikanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vuttaṃ kho panetaṃ bhagavatāti anussarantopi…pe… kakacūpamovādaṃ anussarantopī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Tassapi pariyattidhammabhāvatoti keci<a name="V2.0161"></a>. Yaṃ pana kakacokantakesupi manussesu appadussanaṃ nibbikāraṃ, taṃ satthusāsanaṃ anussarantopi sammāpaṭipattilakkhaṇaṃ dhammaṃ anussaratiyevāti evaṃ vā ettha attho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Bhikkhuno guṇa</span>nti ariyadhammādhigamanasiddhaṃ guṇamāha. So ca sabbesampi ariyānaṃ guṇoti taṃ anussarantopi saṅghaṃ anussarati evāti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vipassanupekkhā adhippetā,</span> tasmā upekkhā kusalanissitā na saṇṭhātīti vipassanāvasena sabbasmimpi saṅkhāragate ajjhupekkhanaṃ na labhatīti attho. <span class="bld">Chaḷaṅgupekkhā</span>ti chaḷaṅgupekkhā viya chaḷaṅgupekkhā iṭṭhāniṭṭhesu nibbikāratāsāmaññena<a name="M2.0173"></a>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sā panesā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Chaḷaṅgupekkhāṭhāne ṭhapeti</span> ‘‘lābhā vata me, suladdhaṃ vata me’’tiādinā attamanataṃ āpajjanto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para303"></a><a name="para303_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">303</span>. <span class="bld">Āpogata</span>nti ābandhanavasena āpo, tadeva āposabhāvaṃ gatattā āpogataṃ, sabhāveneva āpobhāvaṃ vā pattanti attho. Yasmā pana so āpobhāvasaṅkhāto allayūsabhāvo sasambhārapathavīsasambhāraudakādigate sabbasmimpi āpasmiṃ vijjati, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sabbaāpesu gataṃ allayūsabhāvalakkhaṇa’’</span>nti, dravabhāvalakkhaṇanti attho. ‘‘Pakuppatī’’ti pākatikapakopaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘oghavasena vaḍḍhatī’’</span>ti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ayamassa pākatiko pakopo’’</span>ti. Itaraṃ pana dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘āposaṃvaṭṭakāle panā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ogacchantī</span>ti ettha ogamananti pariyādānaṃ adhippetaṃ, na adhogamanamattanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘uddhane…pe… pāpuṇantī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para304"></a><a name="para304_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">304</span>. <span class="bld">Sabbatejesu gata</span>nti indhanādivasena anekabhedesu sabbesu tejokoṭṭhāsesu gataṃ pavattaṃ. Yathā pīti eva pītigataṃ, evaṃ <span class="bld">tejo eva tejogataṃ,</span> tejanavasena pavattimattanti attho. Evaṃ āpogataṃ, vāyogatañca veditabbanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘purime’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Ekāhikajarādibhāvenā</span>ti ekāhikādijarābhedena. <span class="bld">Usumajāto</span>ti usmābhibhūto. <span class="bld">Jīratī</span>ti jiṇṇo hoti. Tejodhātuvasena labbhamānā imasmiṃ kāye jarāpavatti pākaṭajarāvasena veditabbāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘indriyavekallatta’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Valipalitādibhāva</span>nti valitapalitabhāvaṃ, aṅgapaccaṅgānaṃ sithilabhāvañca.<span class="bld"> Kuppitenā</span>ti khubhitena. Satakkhattuṃ tāpetvā tāpetvā sītūdake pakkhipitvā uddhaṭasappi <span class="bld">satadhotasappī</span>ti vadanti. Sarīre pakatiusumaṃ atikkamitvā uṇhabhāvo <span class="bld">santāpo,</span> sarīrassa dahanavasena pavatto mahādāho <span class="bld">paridāho</span>ti ayameva tesaṃ viseso. <span class="bld">Asita</span>nti suttaṃ. <span class="bld">Khāyita</span>nti khāditaṃ. <span class="bld">Sāyita</span>nti assāditaṃ. <span class="bld">Sammā paripākaṃ gacchatī</span>ti samavepākiniyā gahaṇiyā vasena vuttaṃ. Asammāparipākopi visamapākiniyā gahaṇiyā <a name="V2.0162"></a> vasena veditabbo. <span class="bld">Rasādibhāvenā</span>ti rasarudhiramaṃsamedanhāruaṭṭhiaṭṭhimiñjasukkabhāvena. <span class="bld">Viveka</span>nti puthubhāvaṃ aññamaññaṃ visadisabhāvaṃ. Asitādibhedassa <a name="M2.0174"></a> āhārassa pariṇāme raso hoti, taṃ paṭicca rasadhātu uppajjatīti attho. Evaṃ rasassa pariṇāme ‘‘rudhira’’ntiādinā sabbaṃ netabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Haritantanti haritameva,</span> anta-saddena padavaḍḍhanaṃ kataṃ yathā ‘‘vanantaṃ suttanta’’nti. <span class="bld">Cammanillekhanaṃ</span> cammaṃ likhitvā chaḍḍitakasaṭaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para305"></a><a name="para305_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">305</span>. <span class="bld">Uggārahikkārādī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena uddekakhīpanādipavattakavātānaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Uccārapassāvādī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena pittasemhalasikādinīharaṇavātassa ceva usumavātassa ca saṅgaho veditabbo. Yadipi <span class="bld">kucchi</span>-saddo udarapariyāyo, koṭṭha-saddena pana abbhantarassa vuccamānattā tadavasiṭṭho udarapadeso idha kucchi-saddena vuccatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kucchisayā vātāti antānaṃ bahivātā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Samiñjanapasāraṇādīnī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena ālokanavilokanauddharaṇādikā sabbā kāyikakiriyā saṅgahitā. Avasavati udakaṃ etasmāti <span class="bld">ossavanaṃ,</span> chadananto. <span class="bld">Idhā</span>ti imasmiṃ ṭhāne.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para306"></a><a name="para306_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">306</span>. <span class="bld">Nissattabhāva</span>nti anattakataṃ. Yathādassitā hi catasso dhātuyo anattaniyaṃ kevalaṃ dhātumattā nissattanijjīvāti imamatthaṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Parivārito</span>ti parivāritabhāvena ṭhito parivuto. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘etānī’’</span>tiādi, kaṭṭhādīni sannivesavisesavasena ṭhapitānīti adhippāyo. Aññathā agārasamaññāya bhāvato. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kaṭṭhādīsu panā’’</span>tiādi. Yadatthaṃ pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘seyyathāpi, āvuso’’tiādi āraddhaṃ, tamatthaṃ pākaṭaṃ katvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yathā kaṭṭhādīnī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāmaṃ heṭṭhā ‘‘mattaṭṭhakassa kāyassā’’tiādinā (ma. ni. 1.302) avibhāgena ekadesena ca upādārūpampi kathitaṃ, tathā vedanādayo khandhabhāvena pariggahetvā na kathitā, tathā taṇhāpi samudayasaccabhāvena. Itarāni pana saccāni sabbena sabbaṃ na kathitāni. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘heṭṭhā…pe… na kathitānī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Cakkhupasāde niruddhe</span>ti cakkhupasāde vinaṭṭhe. <span class="bld">Upahate</span>ti pubbakimiādīhi upaddute. <span class="bld">Palibuddhe</span>ti pubbādiuppattiyā vinā paṭicchādite. <span class="bld">Tajjo</span>ti tassānurūpo, cakkhuviññāṇuppattiyā anurūpoti attho. Cakkhussa <a name="M2.0175"></a> rūpārammaṇe āpāthagate uppajjanamanasikāro hadayasannissayopi cakkhumhi sati hoti, asati na hotīti <a name="V2.0163"></a> katvā <span class="bld">‘‘cakkhuṃ paṭicca uppajjanamanasikāro’’</span>ti vutto. Bhavaṅgāvaṭṭanaṃ tassa yathā ārammaṇapaccaye, evaṃ pasādapaccayepi hotīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘cakkhuñca rūpe ca paṭiccā’’</span>ti. Nti cakkhudvāre kiriyamanodhātucittaṃ. <span class="bld">Aññavihitassā</span>ti aññārammaṇapasutassa. <span class="bld">Tadanurūpassā</span>ti tesaṃ cakkhurūpatadābhogānaṃ anurūpassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cattāri saccāni dasseti</span> sarūpato atthāpattito cāti adhippāyo. Tappakāro bhūto, tappakāraṃ vā patto <span class="bld">tathābhūto,</span> tassa, yathā cakkhuviññāṇaṃ uppajjati, tādisassa paccayākārasamavetassāti attho. <span class="bld">Tisamuṭṭhānarūpa</span>nti utukammāhārasamuṭṭhānarūpaṃ. Idañca satipi tadā bhavaṅgāvaṭṭanacittasamuṭṭhānarūpe kevalaṃ cakkhuviññāṇasamuṭṭhitarūpassa abhāvamattaṃ gahetvā vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṅgahaṃ gacchatī</span>ti nagaraṃ viya rajje rūpakkhandhe saṅgahetabbataṃ gahetabbataṃ gacchati. ‘‘Tathābhūtassā’’ti vuttattā <span class="bld">vedanādayo cakkhuviññāṇasampayuttāva, viññāṇampi cakkhuviññāṇameva. Saṅkhārāti cetanāva vuttā</span> cetanāpadhānattā saṅkhārakkhandhassāti adhippāyo. Tattha pana phassajīvitindriyamanasikāracittaṭṭhitiyopi saṅkhārakkhandhadhammāva. <span class="bld">Ekato saṅgaho</span> ‘‘pañcakkhandhā’’ti ekato gaṇanā. <span class="bld">Samāgamoti</span> yathāsakaṃ paccayavasena samodhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Samavāyo</span>ti aññamaññassa paccayabhāvena samavetatāya samuditabhāvo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paccayuppannadhammo paṭicca samuppajjati etasmāti <span class="bld">paṭiccasamuppādo,</span> paccayākāro. Paccayadhamme passantopi paccayuppannadhamme passati, te passantopi paccayadhamme passatīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yo paṭiccasamuppāda’’</span>ntiādi. <span class="bld">Chandakaraṇavasenā</span>ti taṇhāyanavasena. <span class="bld">Ālayakaraṇavasenā</span>ti apekkhākaraṇavasena. <span class="bld">Anunayakaraṇavasenā</span>ti anurajjanavasena. <span class="bld">Ajjhogāhitvā</span>ti ārammaṇaṃ anupavisitvā viya gilitvā viya niṭṭhapetvā viya daḷhaggahaṇavasena. Chandarāgo vinayati pahīyati etthāti <span class="bld">chandarāgavinayo chandarāgapahānañcā</span>ti vuccati nibbānaṃ. <span class="bld">Āharitvā</span>ti pāḷiyaṃ sarūpato anāgatampi atthato ānetvā saṅgaṇhanavasena gahetabbaṃ. Āharaṇavidhiṃ pana dassento <span class="bld">‘‘yā imesū’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Imesu tīsu ṭhānesū</span>ti yathāvuttesu sukhadukkhādīsu tīsu abhisamayaṭṭhānesu. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhī</span>ti pariññābhisamayādivasena pavattā sammādiṭṭhi yāthāvadassanaṃ. Evaṃ saṅkappādayopi <a name="M2.0176"></a> yathārahaṃ veditabbā. <span class="bld">Bhāvanāpaṭivedho</span>ti bhāvanāvasena paṭivedho, na ārammaṇakaraṇamattena. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ maggo</span>ti ayaṃ catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ paṭivijjhanavasena pavatto aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo. <span class="bld">Ettāvatāpī</span>ti evaṃ ekasmiṃ cakkhudvāre vatthu pariggahamukhenapi catusaccakammaṭṭhānassa matthakaṃ pāpanena <span class="bld">bahuṃ</span> vipulaṃ paripuṇṇameva <span class="bld">bhagavato sāsanaṃ kataṃ</span> anuṭṭhitaṃ <span class="bld">hoti</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Uppajjitvā <a name="V2.0164"></a> niruddhameva bhavaṅgacittaṃ āvajjanacittassa paccayo bhavatīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘taṃ niruddhampī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Mandathāmagatamevā</span>ti mahatiyā niddāya abhibhūtassa vasena vuttaṃ, kapimiddhaparetassa pana bhavaṅgacittaṃ kadāci āvajjanassa paccayo bhaveyyāti. <span class="bld">Bhavaṅgasamayenevā</span>ti bhavaṅgasseva pavattanasamayena paguṇajjhānapaguṇakammaṭṭhānapaguṇaganthesu tesaṃ paguṇabhāveneva ābhogena vināpi manasikāro pavattati. Tathā hi paguṇaṃ ganthaṃ paguṇabhāveneva nirantaraṃ viya ajjhayamāne aññavihitatāya ‘‘ettako gantho gato, ettako avasiṭṭho’’ti sallakkhaṇā na hoti. <span class="bld">Catusamuṭṭhānampī</span>ti sabbaṃ catusamuṭṭhānarūpaṃ, na pubbe viya tisamuṭṭhānamevāti adhippāyo. Pubbaṅgamattā oḷārikattā ca phassacetanāva saṅkhārakkhandhoti gahitā, na aññesaṃ abhāvā. <span class="bld">Ekadesameva sammasanto</span>ti yathāuddiṭṭhaṃ atthaṃ heṭṭhā anavasesato aniddisitvā ekadesameva niddisanavasena desanāya āmasanto. <span class="bld">Imasmiṃ ṭhāne</span>ti yathāuddiṭṭhassa atthassa ‘‘ajjhattikañceva, āvuso, cakkhu’’ntiādinā (ma. ni. 1.306) chadvāravasena niddisanaṭṭhāne. <span class="bld">Heṭṭhā parihīnadesana</span>nti – ‘‘yaṃ upādārūpaṃ cattāro arūpino khandhā upari tīṇi ariyasaccānī’’ti niddesavasena parihīnaṃ atthajātaṃ sabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Taṃtaṃdvāravasenā</span>ti cakkhudvārādikaṃ taṃtaṃdvāravasena. Catusaccavasena āraddhā desanā catusacceneva pariyosāpitāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yathānusandhināva suttantaṃ niṭṭhapesī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="centered">Mahāhatthipadopamasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.</p>
<p class="subhead">9. Mahāsāropamasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para307"></a><a name="para307_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">307</span>. <span class="bld">Nacirapakkante</span>ti <a name="M2.0177"></a><a name="V2.0165"></a> na ciraṃ pakkante, pakkantassa sato na cirasseva. <span class="bld">Saliṅgenevā</span>ti muṇḍiyakāsāyaggahaṇādinā attano purimaliṅgeneva. <span class="bld">Pāṭiyekke jāte</span>ti vipannācāradiṭṭhitāya pakāsanīyakammakaraṇato paraṃ aññatitthiyasadise visuṃ bhūte. <span class="bld">Kulaputto</span>ti jātimattena kulaputto. <span class="bld">Asambhinnāyā</span>ti sambhedarahitāya, jātisaṅkaravirahitāyāti atto. Jātisīsena idha jātivatthukaṃ dukkhaṃ vuttanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘otiṇṇoti yassa jāti anto anupaviṭṭhā’’</span>ti. Jāto hi satto jātakālato paṭṭhāya jātinimittena dukkhena anto anupaviṭṭho viya vibādhīyati. <span class="bld">Jarāyā</span>tiādīsupi eseva nayo. Cattāro paccayā labbhantīti lābhā, catunnaṃ paccayānaṃ labbhamānānaṃ sukatabhāvo suṭṭhu abhisaṅkhatabhāvo. <span class="bld">Vaṇṇabhaṇana</span>nti guṇakittanaṃ. <span class="bld">Apaññātā</span>ti sambhāvanāvasena na paññātā. Lābhādinibbattiyābhāvadassanañhetaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ghāsacchādanamattampi na labhantī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Appesakkhā</span>ti appānubhāvā. Sā pana appesakkhatā adhipateyyasampattiyā ca parivārasampattiyā ca abhāvena pākaṭā hoti. Tattha parivārasampattiyā abhāvaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘appaparivārā’’</span>ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sārenapi keci ajānanena aññālābhena vā asārabhūtampi kattabbaṃ karontīti tato visesanatthaṃ ‘‘sārena sārakaraṇīya’’nti vuttanti taṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘akkhacakkayuganaṅgalādika’’</span>nti āha. <span class="bld">Brahmacariyassā</span>ti sikkhāttayasaṅgahassa sāsanabrahmacariyassa. Mahārukkhassa maggaphalasārassa ñāṇadassanapheggukassa samādhitacassa sīlapapaṭikassa cañcalasabhāvā saṃsappacārīti ca <span class="bld">cattāro paccayā sākhāpalāsaṃ nāma. Tenevā</span>ti lābhasakkārasilokanibbattaneneva. <span class="bld">Sāro me patto</span>ti imasmiṃ sāsane adhigantabbasāro nāma iminā lābhādinibbattanena anuppattoti vosānaṃ niṭṭhitakiccaṃ āpanno.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para310"></a><a name="para310_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">310</span>. <span class="bld">Ñāṇadassana</span>nti ñāṇabhūtaṃ dassanaṃ visayassa sacchikaraṇavasena pavattaṃ abhiññāñāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Sukhumaṃ rūpa</span>nti devādīnaṃ, aññampi vā sukhumasabhāvaṃ rūpaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘antamaso…pe… viharantī’’</span>ti, dibbacakkhu hi idha ukkaṭṭhaniddesena ‘‘ñāṇadassana’’nti gahitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para311"></a><a name="para311_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">311</span>. <span class="bld">Asamayavimokkhaṃ</span> <a name="M2.0178"></a><a name="V2.0166"></a> <span class="bld">ārādhetī</span>ti ettha adhippetaṃ asamayavimokkhaṃ pāḷiyā eva dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘katamo asamayavimokkho’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Aṭṭhannañhi samāpajjanasamayopi atthi asamayopi, maggavimokkhena pana vimuccanassa samayo vā asamayo vā natthi. Yassa saddhā balavatī, vipassanā ca āraddhā, tassa gacchantassa tiṭṭhantassa nisīdantassa bhuñjantassa ca maggaphalapaṭivedho nāma na hotīti na vattabbaṃ, iti maggavimokkhena vimuccantassa samayo vā asamayo vā natthīti so <span class="bld">asamayavimokkho</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘lokiyasamāpattiyo hī’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Na kuppati, na nassatīti <span class="bld">akuppā,</span> kadācipi aparihānasabhāvā. Sabbasaṃkilesehi paṭippassaddhivasena cetaso vimuttīti <span class="bld">cetovimutti</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘arahattaphalavimuttī’’</span>ti. Ayamattho payojanaṃ etassāti <span class="bld">etadatthaṃ,</span> sāsanabrahmacariyaṃ, tassa <span class="bld">esā</span> paramakoṭi. Yathāraddhassa sāropamena phalena desanā niṭṭhāpitāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yathānusandhināva desanaṃ niṭṭhapesī’’</span>ti. Yaṃ panettha atthato avibhattaṃ, taṃ suviññeyyameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Mahāsāropamasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.</p>
<p class="subhead">10. Cūḷasāropamasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para312"></a><a name="para312_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">312</span>. <span class="bld">Piṅgaladhātuko</span>ti <a name="V2.0167"></a> piṅgalasabhāvo piṅgalacchaviko, piṅgalakkhoti vā attho. <span class="bld">Pabbajitasamūhasaṅkhāto saṅgho,</span> na sīlādiguṇehi saṅgahitabbabhāvena. Saṅgho etesaṃ atthi parivārabhūtoti <span class="bld">saṅghino. Svevā</span>ti so eva pabbajitasamūhasaṅkhāto. <span class="bld">Ācārasikkhāpanavasenā</span>ti attanā parikappitaacelavatādiācārasikkhāpanavasena. <span class="bld">Paññātā</span>ti yathāsakaṃ samādinnavatavasena ceva viññātaladdhivasena ca paññātā. <span class="bld">Laddhikarā</span>ti tassā micchādiṭṭhiyā uppādakā. <span class="bld">Bahujanassā</span>ti puthujanassa. Tassa pana āgamasampadāpi nāma natthi, kuto adhigamoti ekaṃsato andhaputhujjano evāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘assutavato andhabālaputhujjanassā’’</span>ti. Na hi viññū appasādanīye pasīdanti. Maṅgalesu kātabbadāsakiccakaro dāso <span class="bld">maṅgaladāso</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tantāvutāna</span>nti <a name="M2.0179"></a> tante pasāretvā vītānaṃ. <span class="bld">Gaṇṭhanakileso</span>ti saṃsāre bandhanakileso. <span class="bld">Evaṃ vāditāyā</span>ti evaṃ paṭiññatāya, evaṃ diṭṭhitāya vā. <span class="bld">Niyyānikā</span>ti niyyānagatisappāṭihīrakā anupārambhabhūtattāti adhippāyo. No ce niyyānikāti ānetvā yojanā. Tesaṃ sabbaññupaṭiññāya abhūtattā tassā abhūtabhāvakathanena tassa brāhmaṇassa na kāci atthasiddhīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘nesaṃ aniyyānikabhāvakathanena atthābhāvato’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para318"></a><a name="para318_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">318</span>. Nihīnalokāmise līno ajjhāsayo etassa, na pana nibbāneti. <span class="bld">Līnajjhāsayo. Sāsanaṃ sithilaṃ katvā gaṇhāti</span> sikkhāya na tibbagāravattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para323"></a><a name="para323_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">323</span>. <span class="bld">Heṭṭhā</span>ti anantarātītasutte mahāsāropame. <span class="bld">Paṭhamajjhānādidhammā vipassanāpādakā</span>ti vipassanāya padaṭṭhānabhūtā. <span class="bld">Idhā</span>ti imasmiṃ cūḷasāropame āgatā. <span class="bld">Nirodhapādakā</span>ti anāgāmino, arahanto vā nirodhasamāpattiṃ samāpajjituṃ samatthā. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti nirodhapādakattā. Paṭhamajjhānādidhammā ñāṇadassanato <span class="bld">uttaritarā</span>ti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="centered">Cūḷasāropamasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.</p>
<p class="centered">Niṭṭhitā ca opammavaggavaṇṇanā.</p>
<a name="mn1_4"></a>
<p class="chapter">4. Mahāyamakavaggo</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Cūḷagosiṅgasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para325"></a><a name="para325_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">325</span>. Ñātīnaṃ <a name="V2.0168"></a><a name="M2.0180"></a> (a. ni. ṭī. 3.6.19) nivāsaṭṭhānabhūto gāmo ñātiko, so eva <span class="bld">nātiko</span>. So kira gāmo yesaṃ santako, tesaṃ pubbapurisena attano ñātīnaṃ sādhāraṇabhāvena nivesito, tena ‘‘nātiko’’ti paññāyittha. Atha pacchā tattha dvīhi dāyādehi dvidhā vibhajitvā paribhutto. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘dvinnaṃ cūḷapitimahāpitiputtānaṃ dve gāmā’’</span>ti. Giñjakā vuccanti iṭṭhakā, giñjakāhiyeva kato āvasatho <span class="bld">giñjakāvasatho</span>. Tasmiṃ kira padese mattikā sakkharamarumbavālikādīhi asammissā akaṭhinā saṇhā sukhumā, tāya katāni kulālabhājanānipi silāmayāni viya daḷhāni, tasmā te upāsakā tāya mattikāya dīghaputhulaiṭṭhakā kāretvā tāhi ṭhapetvā dvārabāhavātapānakavāṭatulāyo sesaṃ sabbaṃ dabbasambhārena vinā iṭṭhakāhi eva pāsādaṃ kāresuṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘iṭṭhakāhevā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gosiṅgasālavanadāya</span>nti gosiṅgasālavananti laddhanāmaṃ rakkhitaṃ araññaṃ. <span class="bld">Jeṭṭhakarukkhassā</span>ti vanappatibhūtassa sālarukkhassa. <span class="bld">Sāmaggirasa</span>nti samaggabhāvādiguṇaṃ vivekasukhaṃ. <span class="bld">Uparipaṇṇāsake</span> upakkilesasutte (ma. ni. 3.237-238) puthujjanakālo kathito, <span class="bld">idha</span> cūḷagosiṅgasutte <span class="bld">khīṇāsavakālo kathito</span>. Katakiccāpi hi te mahātherā attano diṭṭhadhammasukhavihāraṃ paresaṃ diṭṭhānugatiṃ āpajjanañca sampassantā paramañca vivekaṃ anubrūhantā sāmaggirasaṃ anubhavamānā tattha viharanti. <span class="bld">Tadā</span>ti tasmiṃ upakkilesasuttadesanākāle. <span class="bld">Te</span>ti anuruddhappamukhā kulaputtā. <span class="bld">Laddhassādā</span>ti vipassanāya vīthipaṭipattiyā adhigatassādā. Vipassanā hi pubbenāparaṃ visesaṃ āvahantī pavattamānā sātisayaṃ pītisomanassaṃ āvahati. Tenāha bhagavā –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yato yato sammasati, khandhānaṃ udayabbayaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Labhati pītipāmojjaṃ, amataṃ taṃ vijānata’’nti. (dha. pa. 374);</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Laddhapatiṭṭhā</span> <a name="V2.0169"></a><a name="M2.0181"></a> maggaphalādhigamanena. Sati hi maggaphalādhigame sāsane patiṭṭhā laddhā nāma hoti, no aññathā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāmaṃ sāriputtamoggallānāpi mahāsāvakapariyāpannāva, aggasāvakabhāvena pana nesaṃ visesadassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘dhammasenāpatimahāmoggallānattheresu vā’’</span>ti visuṃ gahaṇaṃ. Satipi hi sāmaññayoge visesavanto visuṃ gayhanti yathā ‘‘brāhmaṇā āgatā, vāsiṭṭhopi āgato’’ti. Tesu pana visuṃ gahitesupi <span class="bld">‘‘asītimahāsāvakesū’’</span>ti <span class="bld">asīti</span>ggahaṇaṃ appakaṃ ūnamadhikaṃ vā gaṇanupagaṃ na hotīti. <span class="bld">Antamaso</span>ti idaṃ dhammabhaṇḍāgārikassa upaṭṭhākabhāvena āsannacāritāya vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Anīkā</span>ti hatthānīkā, hatthānīkato hatthisamūhatoti attho. Kāḷasīho yebhuyyena yūthacaroti katvā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yūthā nissaṭo kāḷasīho viyā’’</span>ti. Kesarī pana ekacarova. <span class="bld">Vātacchinno valāhako viyā</span>ti vātacchinno pabbatakūṭappamāṇo valāhakacchedo viya. <span class="bld">Tesaṃ paggaṇhanato</span>ti yathā nāma jighacchitassa bhojane, pipāsitassa pānīye, sītena phuṭṭhassa uṇhe, uṇhena phuṭṭhassa sīte, dukkhitassa sukhe abhiruci uppajjati, evamevaṃ bhagavato kosambake bhikkhū aññamaññaṃ vivādāpanne disvā apare samaggāvāsaṃ vasante āvajjitassa ime tayo kulaputtā āpāthaṃ āgamiṃsu, atha ne paggaṇhitukāmo upasaṅkami, evāyaṃ paṭipattianukkamena kosambakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ vinayanupāyo hotīti. Tenāha ‘‘tesaṃ paggaṇhanato’’ti. Eteneva <span class="bld">pacchimajanataṃ anukampanato</span>ti idampi kāraṇaṃ ekadesena saṃvaṇṇitanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Ukkaṃsitvā</span>ti yathābhūtehi guṇehi sampahaṃsanena visesetvā visiṭṭhe katvā pasaṃsāvasena cetaṃ āmeḍitavacanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Taṃ araññaṃ rakkhati</span> vanasāminā āṇatto. Rakkhitagopitaṃ vanasaṇḍaṃ, na mahāvanādi viya apariggahitaṃ. Sīlādippabhedāya attatthāya paṭipannā <span class="bld">attakāmā,</span> na apariccattasinehāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘attano hitaṃ kāmayamānā’’</span>ti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yo hī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Bhindeyyā</span>ti vināseyya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dubbalamanussā</span>ti paññāya dubbalā aviddasuno manussā. <span class="bld">Tānī</span>ti abhijātiādīsu uppannapāṭihāriyāni. <span class="bld">Cīvaragabbhena paṭicchādetvā</span>ti cīvarasaṅkhāte ovarake nigūhitvā viya. Na hi cīvarapārupanamattena buddhānubhāvo paṭicchanno hoti. ‘‘Mā sudha kocimaṃ buddhānubhāvaṃ aññāsī’’ti pana <a name="M2.0182"></a> tathārūpena iddhābhisaṅkhārena taṃ chādetvā gato bhagavā tathā vutto. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘aññātakavesena agamāsī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Abhikkamathā</span>ti <a name="V2.0170"></a> padaṃ abhimukhabhāvena vidhimukhena vadatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ito āgacchathā’’</span>ti. Buddhānaṃ kāyo nāma suvisuddhajātimaṇi viya sobhano, kiñci malaṃ apanetabbaṃ natthi, kimatthaṃ bhagavā pāde pakkhālesīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘buddhāna’’</span>ntiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para326"></a><a name="para326_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">326</span>. <span class="bld">Anuruddhā</span>ti vā ekasesanayena vuttaṃ virūpekasesassapi icchitabbattā, evañca katvā bahuvacananiddesopi samatthito hoti. <span class="bld">Iriyāpatho khamatī</span>ti sarīrassa lahuṭṭhānatāya catubbidhopi iriyāpatho sukhappavattiko. <span class="bld">Jīvitaṃ yāpetī</span>ti yāpanālakkhaṇaṃ jīvitaṃ imaṃ sarīrayantaṃ yāpeti sukhena pavatteti. <span class="bld">Uḷuṅkayāguṃ vā kaṭacchubhikkhaṃ vā</span>ti idaṃ makaravuttiyā missakabhattena yāpanaṃ vattanti katvā vuttaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘bhikkhācāravattaṃ pucchatī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aññamaññaṃ saṃsandatī</span>ti satipi ubhayesaṃ kalāpānaṃ paramatthato bhede pacurajanehi duviññeyyanānattaṃ khīrodakasammoditaṃ accantameva saṃsaṭṭhaṃ viya hutvā tiṭṭhati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘visuṃ na hoti, ekattaṃ viya upetī’’</span>ti. Piyabhāvadīpanāni cakkhūni <span class="bld">piyacakkhūni</span>. Piyāyati, piyāyitabboti vā <span class="bld">piyo</span>ti. Samaggavāsassa yaṃ ekantakāraṇaṃ, taṃ pucchanto bhagavā <span class="bld">‘‘yathā kathaṃ panā’’</span>tiādimāhāti <span class="bld">‘‘kathanti kāraṇapucchā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Yo nesaṃ mettāsahitānaṃyeva kammādīnaṃ aññamaññasmiṃ paccupaṭṭhānākāro, taṃ sandhāya <span class="bld">‘‘katha’’</span>nti pucchā. Tathā hi parato ‘‘evaṃ kho mayaṃ, bhante’’tiādinā therehi vissajjanaṃ kathitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Mittaṃ etassa atthīti <span class="bld">mettaṃ,</span> kāyakammaṃ. <span class="bld">Āvī</span>ti pakāsaṃ. <span class="bld">Raho</span>ti appakāsaṃ. Yañhi uddissa mettaṃ kāyakammaṃ paccupaṭṭhapeti, taṃ tassa sammukhā ce, pakāsaṃ hoti, parammukhā ce, appakāsaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘āvi ceva raho cāti sammukhā ceva parammukhā cā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Itarānī</span>ti parammukhā kāyavacīkammāni. <span class="bld">‘‘Tatthā’’</span>tiādinā saṅkhepato vuttamatthaṃ vivarituṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Sammajjanādivasena <span class="bld">paṭijaggitabbayuttaṃ ṭhānaṃ vā. Tathevā</span>ti yathā sammukhā kate mettākāyakamme vuttaṃ, tatheva<a name="M2.0183"></a>. ‘‘Kacci khamanīya’’nti evamādikā kathā <span class="bld">sammodanīyakathā</span>. Yathā parehi saddhiṃ attano chiddaṃ na hoti, tathā paṭisanthāravasena pavattā kathā <span class="bld">paṭisanthārakathā</span>. ‘‘Aho tadā therena mayhaṃ dinno ovādo, dinnā anusāsanī’’ti evaṃ kālantare saritabbayuttā, chasāraṇīyapaṭisaṃyuttā vā kathā <span class="bld">sāraṇīyakathā</span>. Suttapadaṃ nikkhipitvā tassa atthaniddesavasena sīlādidhammapaṭisaṃyuttā kathā <span class="bld">dhammīkathā</span>. Sarena suttassa uccāraṇaṃ <span class="bld">sarabhaññaṃ</span>. Pañhassa ñātuṃ icchitassa atthassa pucchanaṃ <span class="bld">pañhapucchanaṃ</span>. Tassa yathāpucchitassaādisanaṃ <a name="V2.0171"></a> <span class="bld">pañhavissajjanaṃ</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ samannāharato</span>ti evaṃ manasikaroto, evaṃ mettaṃ upasaṃharatoti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ekato kātuṃ na sakkā, tasmā <span class="bld">nānā. Hitaṭṭhenā</span>ti attano viya aññamaññassa hitabhāvena. <span class="bld">Nirantaraṭṭhenā</span>ti antarābhāvena bhedābhāvena. <span class="bld">Aviggahaṭṭhenā</span>ti avirodhabhāvena. <span class="bld">Samaggaṭṭhenā</span>ti sahitabhāvena. <span class="bld">Paribhaṇḍaṃ katvā</span>ti bahalatanumattikālepehi limpetvā. <span class="bld">Cīvaraṃ vā dhovantī</span>ti attano cīvaraṃ vā dhovanti. <span class="bld">Paribhaṇḍaṃ vā</span>ti attano paṇṇasālāya paribhaṇḍaṃ vā karonti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para327"></a><a name="para327_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">327</span>. <span class="bld">Paṭiviruddhā evā</span>ti etthāpi ‘‘yebhuyyenā’’ti padaṃ ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Tesaṃ appamādalakkhaṇa</span>nti tesaṃ appamajjanasabhāvaṃ. <span class="bld">Kacci pana vo anuruddhā samaggā</span>ti etthāpi <span class="bld">vo</span>ti nipātamattaṃ, paccattavacanaṃ vā, kacci tumheti evamattho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Samuggapāti</span>nti samuggapuṭasadisaṃ pātiṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paṇṇasālāyaṃ anto bahi ca sammajjanena sodhitaṅgaṇatā <span class="bld">vattapaṭipatti. Paṭivisamattamevā</span>ti attano yāpanapaṭivisamattameva. <span class="bld">Osāpetvā</span>ti pakkhipitvā. <span class="bld">Pamāṇamevā</span>ti attano yāpanapamāṇameva. <span class="bld">Vuttanayena jahitvā</span>ti pāḷiyaṃ vuttanayena jahitvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Hatthena hatthaṃ saṃsibbantā</span>ti attano hatthena itarassa hatthaṃ daḷhaggahaṇavasena bandhantā. Vilaṅgheti desantaraṃ pāpeti etenāti vilaṅghako, hattho. Hattho eva vilaṅghako hatthavilaṅghako, tena <span class="bld">hatthavilaṅghakena</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Taṃ akhaṇḍaṃ katvā</span>ti taṃ tīsupi divasesu dhammassavanaṃ pavattanavasena akhaṇḍikaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Eta</span>nti ‘‘pañcāhikaṃ kho panā’’tiādivacanaṃ. Pañcame pañcame <a name="M2.0184"></a> ahani bhavatīti <span class="bld">pañcāhikaṃ. Bhagavatā pucchitena</span> anuruddhattherena. <span class="bld">Pamādaṭṭhānesuyevā</span>ti aññesaṃ pamādaṭṭhānesuyeva. <span class="bld">‘‘Pamādaṭṭhānesuyevā’’</span>ti vuttamevatthaṃ pākaṭataraṃ kātuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘aññesañhī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Papañcakaraṇaṭṭhānānī</span>ti kathāpapañcassa karaṇaṭṭhānāni vissaṭṭhakathāpavattanena kammaṭṭhāne pamajjanaṭṭhānāni. Tatthāpi ‘‘mayaṃ, bhante, kammaṭṭhānaviruddhaṃ na paṭipajjāmā’’ti sikhāppattaṃ attano appamādalakkhaṇaṃ thero dasseti. <span class="bld">Ettakaṃ ṭhānaṃ muñcitvā</span>ti pana idaṃ tadā vihārasamāpattīnaṃ vaḷañjābhāvena vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para328"></a><a name="para328_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">328</span>. Jhānassa <a name="V2.0172"></a> adhippetattā <span class="bld">‘‘alamariyañāṇadassanaviseso’’</span>icceva vuttaṃ. Attano sammāpaṭipannatāya satthu cittārādhanatthaṃ tassa ca visesādhigamassa satthu paccakkhabhāvato thero <span class="bld">‘‘kiñhi no siyā, bhante’’</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Yāvadevā</span>ti yattakaṃ kālaṃ ekaṃ divasabhāgaṃ vā sakalarattiṃ vā yāva satta vā divase.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para329"></a><a name="para329_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">329</span>. <span class="bld">Samatikkamāyā</span>ti sammadeva atikkamanāya. Sati hi upari visesādhigame heṭṭhimajjhānaṃ samatikkantaṃ nāma hoti paṭippassaddhi ca. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘paṭippassaddhiyā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ñāṇadassanaviseso</span>ti kāraṇūpacārena vuttoti veditabbo. <span class="bld">Vedayitasukhato</span>ti vedanāsahitajjhānasukhato vā phalasukhato vā. <span class="bld">Avedayitasukha</span>nti nibbānasukhaṃ viya vedanārahitaṃ sukhaṃ. <span class="bld">Avedayitasukha</span>nti ca nidassanamattametaṃ, taṃ pana aphassaṃ asaññaṃ acetananti sabbacittacetasikarahitameva. Tato ca satipi rūpadhammappavattiyaṃ tassa acetanattā sabbaso saṅkhāradukkhavirahitatāya santatarā paṇītatarā ca nirodhasamāpattīti vuccate. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘avedayitasukhaṃ santataraṃ paṇītataraṃ hotī’’</span>ti. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘imamhā cā’’tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para330"></a><a name="para330_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">330</span>. <span class="bld">Sāmaggirasānisaṃsameva nesaṃ bhagavā kathesi</span> ajjhāsayānukūlattā tassa. <span class="bld">Anusāvetvā</span>ti anupagamanavasena sammadeva ārocetvā. ‘‘Anusaṃsāvetvā’’ti vā pāṭho, so evattho. <span class="bld">Tato paṭinivattitvā</span>ti etarahi bhagavato ekavihāre ajjhāsayoti satthu manaṃ gaṇhantā ‘‘idheva tiṭṭhathā’’ti vissajjitaṭṭhānato nivattitvā<a name="M2.0185"></a>. <span class="bld">Pabbajjādīnī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena upasampadā-visuddhi-dhutakammaṭṭhānānuyoga-jhānavimokkha-samāpatti-ñāṇadassana-maggabhāvanā-phalasacchikiriyādike saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Adhigantvāpī</span>ti <span class="bld">pi</span>-saddena yathādhigatānampi. <span class="bld">Attano guṇakathāya aṭṭiyamānā</span>ti bhagavantaṃ nissāya adhigantvāpi dhammādhikaraṇaṃ satthuvihesābhāvadīpane bhagavato pākaṭaguṇānaṃ kathāya aṭṭiyamānāpīti yojanā. <span class="bld">Devatā</span>ti taṃtaṃsamāpattilābhiniyo devatā. <span class="bld">Mukhaṃ me sajja</span>nti mukhaṃ me kathane samatthaṃ, kathane yogyanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para331"></a><a name="para331_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">331</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ āgato</span>ti evaṃ āṭānāṭiyasutte āgato. <span class="bld">Paliveṭhente</span>ti codente. <span class="bld">Maccharāyantī</span>ti attano guṇānaṃ bhagavatopi ārocanaṃ asahamānā maccharāyantīti so cintetīti katvā vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para01"></a><a name="para01_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">01</span> <span class="bld">Tesaṃ</span> <a name="V2.0173"></a> <span class="bld">lābhā</span>ti tesaṃ vajjirājūnaṃ vajjiraṭṭhavāsīnañca manussattaṃ, patirūpadesavāsādiko, bhagavato tiṇṇañca kulaputtānaṃ dassanavandanadānadhammassavanādayo lābhā. Suladdhā lābhāti yojanā. <span class="bld">Pasannacittaṃ anussareyyā</span>ti taṃ kulañhetaṃ sīlādiguṇe cittaṃ pasādetvā anussareyya. Vuttaṃ tesaṃ ‘‘anussaraṇampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ bahūpakāraṃ vadāmī’’ti (itivu. 104; saṃ. ni. 5.184).</p>
<p class="centered">Cūḷagosiṅgasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.</p>
<p class="subhead">2. Mahāgosiṅgasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para332"></a><a name="para332_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">332</span>. <span class="bld">Kocidevā</span>ti <a name="V2.0174"></a> gosiṅgasālavanasāmantato niviṭṭhesu yo koci gāmo gocaragāmo bhavissati, tasmā anibaddhabhāvato gocaragāmo na gahito, vasanaṭṭhānameva paridīpitaṃ, tato eva araññanidānakaṃ nāmetaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbatthā</span>ti devaloke manussaloke ca. <span class="bld">Thirakārakehī</span>ti sāsane thirabhāvakārakehi. <span class="bld">Savanante jātattā</span>ti catusaccagabbhassa dhammassavanassa pariyosāne ariyāya jātiyā jātattā. Yathā paṭivedhabāhusaccaṃ ijjhati, tathā dhammassa savanato sāvakā<a name="M2.0186"></a>. <span class="bld">Sūriyo viya</span> bhāsuraguṇaraṃsitāya mohandhakāravidhamanato. <span class="bld">Cando viya</span> ramaṇīyamanoharasītalaguṇatāya kilesapariḷāhavūpasamato. <span class="bld">Sāgaro viya</span> gambhīrathiravipulānekaguṇatāya ṭhitadhammasabhāvato. Guṇamahantatāya therassa abhiññātatā, guṇamahantatā ca suttesu āgatanayeneva ñātabbāti taṃ vitthārato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘na kevala’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sīhanādasutta</span>nti majjhimanikāye āgataṃ mahāsīhanādasuttaṃ (ma. ni. 1.146). <span class="bld">Therapañhasutta</span>nti suttanipāte aṭṭhakavagge āgataṃ <span class="bld">sāriputtasuttaṃ</span> (su. ni. 961-981). <span class="bld">Therasīhanādasutta</span>nti imassa ca therassa janapadacārikāya satthu sammukhā <span class="bld">sīhanādasuttaṃ</span>. <span class="bld">Abhinikkhamana</span>nti therasseva mahatā ñātiparivaṭṭena mahatā ca bhogaparivaṭṭena saha gharāvāsapariccāgo abhinikkhamanaṃ. Esa nayo ito paresupi. <span class="bld">Yadida</span>nti nipāto, yo ayanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mahāpaññe bhikkhū gahetvā</span>ti āyasmato kira sāriputtattherassa parivārabhikkhūpi mahāpaññā eva ahesuṃ. Dhātuso hi sattā saṃsandanti. <span class="bld">Sayaṃ iddhimā</span>tiādīsupi eseva nayo. Ayaṃ panattho <span class="bld">dhātusaṃyuttena</span> (saṃ. ni. 2.99) dīpetabbo – gijjhakūṭapabbate gilānaseyyāya nisinno bhagavā ārakkhatthāya parivāretvā vasantesu sāriputtamoggallānādīsu ekamekaṃ attano parisāya saddhiṃ caṅkamantaṃ voloketvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘passatha no tumhe, bhikkhave, sāriputtaṃ sambahulehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ caṅkamantanti. Evaṃ, bhante. Sabbe kho ete, bhikkhave, bhikkhū mahāpaññā’’ti sabbaṃ vitthāretabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vanante</span>ti upavanante. <span class="bld">Meghavaṇṇāyā</span>ti nīlābhāya. Samuddakucchito uggacchantassa viya upaṭṭhānaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Cakkavāḷapabbatamatthakasamīpe ābhāpharaṇavasena pavattiyā <span class="bld">‘‘pācīnacakkavāḷapabbatamatthake’’</span>ti vuttaṃ, na cakkavāḷapabbatamatthake candamaṇḍalassa vicaraṇato. Tathā <a name="V2.0175"></a> sati lokantarikanirayesupi candimasūriyānaṃ ābhā phareyya. Ubbedhavasena hi cakkavāḷapabbatassa vemajjhato candimasūriyā vicaranti. Sālakusumapabhānaṃ atirattatāya vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘lākhārasena siñcamānaṃ viyā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Upagāyamānā viyā</span>ti payirupāsanavasena upecca gāyamānā viya<a name="M2.0187"></a>. <span class="bld">Kāya nu kho ajja ratiyā</span>ti ajja jhānasamāpattiratiyā eva nu kho, udāhu dhammasākacchāratiyā dhammadesanāratiyāti cintesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dve candamaṇḍalāni viya</span> paramasobhaggappattāya kantiyā. <span class="bld">Dve sūriyamaṇḍalāni viya</span> ativiya suvisuddhasamujjalāya guṇavibhūtiyā. <span class="bld">Dve chaddantanāgarājāno viya</span> mahānubhāvatāya. <span class="bld">Dve sīhā viya</span> tejussadatāya. <span class="bld">Dve byagghā viya</span> anolīnavuttitāya. <span class="bld">Sabbapāliphullamevāti</span> sabbameva samantato vikasitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para333"></a><a name="para333_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">333</span>. Kathā upacarati pavattati etthāti kathāupacāro, savanūpacāro padeso, taṃ <span class="bld">kathāupacāraṃ</span>. Ramaṇīyameva <span class="bld">rāmaṇeyyakaṃ</span>. <span class="bld">Ujjaṅgale</span>ti lūkhapadese kaṭhinapadese. Dosehi itā apagatāti <span class="bld">dosinā</span> ta-kārassa na-kāraṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Dibbā maññe gandhā</span>ti devaloke gandhā viya. Divi bhavāti <span class="bld">dibbā</span>. <span class="bld">Dve therā</span>ti sāriputtattheraānandattherā. Ānandatthero tāva mamāyatu akhīṇāsavabhāvato, sāriputtatthero kathanti? Na idaṃ mamāyanaṃ gehassitapemavasena, atha kho guṇabhattivasenāti nāyaṃ doso.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Anumatiyā pucchā <span class="bld">anumatipucchā,</span> anumatiggahaṇatthaṃ pucchanaṃ. Tattha yasmā adhammikampi vuddhassa anumatiṃ itaro paṭikkhipituṃ na labhati, tena sā anujānitabbāva hoti, tasmā saṅghakhuddakato paṭṭhāya anumati pucchitabbā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘anumatipucchā nāmesā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Khuddakato paṭṭhāyā</span>ti kaṇiṭṭhato paṭṭhāya. Paṭibhāti upaṭṭhātīti paṭibhānaṃ, yathādhippeto attho, <span class="bld">taṃ paṭibhānaṃ. Sikhāppattā vepullappattā na bhavissati</span> padesañāṇe ṭhitehi bhāsitattā. <span class="bld">Sikhāppattā vepullappattā bhavissati</span> sabbaññutaññāṇena saṃsanditattā. Vuttamevatthaṃ upamāya vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yathā hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha paccatthikā aṭṭiyanti dukkhāyanti etenāti <span class="bld">aṭṭo,</span> vinicchitabbavohāro. <span class="bld">Gāmabhojaka</span>nti yasmiṃ gāme so uppanno, taṃ gāmabhojakaṃ. <span class="bld">Janapadabhojaka</span>nti yasmiṃ janapade so uppanno, taṃ janapadabhojakaṃ. <span class="bld">Mahāvinicchayaamacca</span>nti yasmiṃ rajje so janapado, tassa rājadhāniyaṃ mahāvinicchayaamaccaṃ. <span class="bld">Senāpati</span>nti yassa rañño so amacco, tassa senāpatiṃ. Tathā <span class="bld">uparāja</span>nti<a name="M2.0188"></a>. Idaṃ panettha pakaticārittavasena vuttaṃ upameyyatthānurūpatoti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Aparāparaṃ na sañcarati</span> vinicchayanārahena vinicchitabhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pakaṭṭhānaṃ <a name="V2.0176"></a> (a. ni. ṭī. 2.4.22) ukkaṭṭhānaṃ sīlādiatthānaṃ bodhanato, sabhāvaniruttivasena buddhādīhi bhāsitattā ca pakaṭṭhānaṃ vacanappabandhānaṃ āḷīti <span class="bld">pāḷi,</span> pariyattidhammo. Purimassa atthassa pacchimena atthena anusandhānaṃ <span class="bld">anusandhi</span>. Atthamukhena pana pāḷipadesānampi anusandhi hotiyeva, so ca pubbāparānusandhi-pucchānusandhi-ajjhāsayānusandhi-yathānusandhivasena catubbidho. Taṃtaṃdesanānaṃ pana pubbāparasaṃsandanaṃ <span class="bld">pubbāparaṃ</span>. Pāḷivasena anusandhivasena pubbāparavasenāti paccekaṃ yojetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Uggahita</span>nti byañjanaso atthaso ca uddhaṃ uddhaṃ gahitaṃ, pariyāpuṇanavasena ceva paripucchāvasena ca hadayena gahitanti attho. Vaṭṭadukkhanissaraṇatthikehi sotabbato sutaṃ, pariyattidhammo, taṃ dhāretīti <span class="bld">sutadharo</span>. Yo hi sutadharo, sutaṃ tasmiṃ patiṭṭhitaṃ hoti suppatiṭṭhitaṃ, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sutassa ādhārabhūto’’</span>ti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yassa hī’’</span>tiādi. Ekapadaṃ ekakkharampi avinaṭṭhaṃ hutvā sannicīyatīti sannicayo, sutaṃ sannicayo etasminti <span class="bld">sutasannicayo. Ajjhosāyā</span>ti anupavisitvā. <span class="bld">Tiṭṭhatī</span>ti na mussati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ṭhitā paguṇā</span>ti paguṇā vācuggatā. <span class="bld">Niccalita</span>nti aparivattitaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṃsanditvā</span>ti aññehi saṃsanditvā. <span class="bld">Samanuggāhitvā</span>ti paripucchāvasena atthaṃ ogāhetvā. Pabandhassa vibandhābhāvato <span class="bld">gaṅgāsotasadisaṃ,</span> ‘‘bhavaṅgasotasadisa’’nti vā pāṭho, akittimaṃ sukhappavattīti attho. Suttekadesassa suttassa ca vacasā paricayo idha nādhippeto, vaggādivasena pana adhippetoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘suttadasaka…pe… sajjhāyitā’’</span>ti, ‘‘dasa suttāni gatāni, dasa vaggāgatā’’tiādinā sallakkhetvā vācāya sajjhāyitāti attho. Manasā anu anu pekkhitā bhāgaso nijjhāyitā cintitā <span class="bld">manasānupekkhitā. Rūpagataṃ viya paññāyatī</span>ti rūpagataṃ viya cakkhussa vibhūtaṃ hutvā paññāyati. <span class="bld">Suppaṭividdhā</span>ti nijjaṭaṃ niggumbaṃ katvā suṭṭhu yāthāvato paṭividdhā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pajjati attho ñāyati etenāti <span class="bld">padaṃ,</span> tadeva atthaṃ byañjetīti <span class="bld">byañjana</span>nti āha <span class="bld">‘‘padameva atthassa byañjanato padabyañjana’’</span>nti. Akkharapāripūriyā padabyañjanassa <a name="M2.0189"></a> parimaṇḍalatā, sā pana pāripūrī evaṃ veditabbāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘dasavidhabyañjanabuddhiyo aparihāpetvā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Aññaṃ upārambhakara</span>nti yathānikkhittasuttato aññaṃ tassa ananulomakaṃ suttaṃ āharati. <span class="bld">Tadatthaṃ otāretī</span>ti tassa āhaṭasuttasseva atthaṃ vicāreti. <span class="bld">Tassa kathā aparimaṇḍalā nāma hoti</span> atthassa aparipuṇṇabhāvato. Yathānikkhittassa suttassa atthasaṃvaṇṇanāvaseneva suttantarampi ānento <span class="bld">bahi ekapadampi na gacchati nāma. Amakkhento</span>ti avināsento. Taṃ taṃ atthaṃ suṭṭhu vavatthitaṃ katvā dassento <span class="bld">tulikāya paricchindanto viya</span>. Gambhīrataramatthaṃ <a name="V2.0177"></a> gamento <span class="bld">gambhīramātikāya udakaṃ pesento viya.</span> Uttānamātikāya hi mariyādaṃ ottharitvā udakaṃ aññathā gaccheyya. Ekaṃyeva padaṃ anekehi pariyāyehi punappunaṃ saṃvaṇṇento padaṃ <span class="bld">koṭṭento sindhavājānīyo viya</span>. So hi vaggitāya gatiyā pade padaṃ koṭṭento gacchati. Kathāmaggena <span class="bld">tassa kathā parimaṇḍalā nāma hoti</span> dhammato atthato anusandhito pubbāparato ācariyuggahatoti sabbaso paripuṇṇabhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anuppabandhehī</span>ti vissaṭṭhehi āsajjamānehi. Nātisīghaṃ nātisaṇikaṃ nirantaraṃ ekarasañca katvā parisāya ajjhāsayānurūpaṃ dhammaṃ kathento vissaṭṭhāya kathāya katheti nāma, na aññathāti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘yo bhikkhū’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Araṇiṃ manthento viya, uṇhakhādanīyaṃ khādanto viyā</span>ti sīghaṃ sīghaṃ kathanassa udāharaṇaṃ, <span class="bld">gahitaṃ gahitamevā</span>tiādi laṅghetvā kathanassa. Purāṇapaṇṇantaresu hi paripātiyamānagodhā kadāci dissati, evamekaccassa atthavaṇṇanā katthaci na dissati. <span class="bld">Ohāyā</span>ti ṭhapetvā. <span class="bld">Yopī</span>tiādinā ekarūpena kathāya akathanaṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Petaggi</span> nijjhāmataṇhikapetassa mukhato niccharaṇakaaggi. <span class="bld">Vitthāyatī</span>ti appaṭitānatamāpajjati. Kenaci rogena dukkhaṃ patto viya <span class="bld">nitthunanto. Kandanto viyā</span>ti ukkuṭṭhiṃ karonto viya. <span class="bld">Appabandhā nāma hoti</span> sukhena appavattabhāvato. <span class="bld">Ācariyehi dinnanaye ṭhito</span>ti ācariyuggahaṃ amuñcanto, yathā ca ācariyā taṃ taṃ suttaṃ saṃvaṇṇesuṃ, teneva nayena saṃvaṇṇentoti attho. <span class="bld">Acchinnadhāraṃ katvā</span>ti ‘‘nātisīghaṃ nātisaṇika’’ntiādinā heṭṭhā vuttanayena avicchinnaṃ kathāpabandhaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Anusayasamugghātāyā</span>ti iminā tassā kathāya arahattapariyosānataṃ dasseti<a name="M2.0190"></a>. <span class="bld">Evarūpenā</span>ti nayidaṃ ekavacanaṃ tattakavasena gahetabbaṃ, atha kho lakkhaṇe pavattanti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘tathārūpeneva bhikkhusatena bhikkhusahassena vā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Pallaṅkenā</span>ti pallaṅkapadesena, pallaṅkāsanantenāti attho. <span class="bld">Iminā nayenā</span>ti vārantarasādhāraṇaṃ atthaṃ atidisati, asādhāraṇaṃ pana vakkhatevāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para334"></a><a name="para334_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">334</span>. Āramati etenāti <span class="bld">ārāmo</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para335"></a><a name="para335_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">335</span>. <span class="bld">Dhuvasevana</span>nti niyatasevitaṃ. <span class="bld">Pāsādapariveṇe</span>ti pāsādaṅgaṇe. <span class="bld">Nābhiyā patiṭṭhitāna</span>nti nābhiyā bhūmiyaṃ patiṭṭhitānaṃ. <span class="bld">Arantarānī</span>ti aravivarāni taṃtaṃarānaṃ vemajjhaṭṭhānāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para336"></a><a name="para336_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">336</span>. <span class="bld">Samādinnaaraññadhutaṅgo āraññiko,</span> na araññavāsamattena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para337"></a><a name="para337_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">337</span>. <span class="bld">Na</span> <a name="V2.0178"></a> <span class="bld">osādentī</span>ti na avasādenti, na avasādanāpekkhā aññamaññaṃ pañhaṃ pucchantīti attho. <span class="bld">Pavattinī</span>ti paguṇā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para338"></a><a name="para338_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">338</span>. <span class="bld">Lokuttarā vihārasamāpatti</span> nāma therassa arahattaphalasamāpattiyo, pariyāyato pana nirodhasamāpattipi veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para339"></a><a name="para339_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">339</span>. <span class="bld">Sādhukāro ānandattherassa dinno</span>. Tenāha bhagavā ‘‘yathā taṃ ānandova sammā byākaramāno byākareyyā’’tiādi. <span class="bld">Sammā</span>ti suṭṭhu, yathāajjhāsayanti adhippāyo. Yena hi yaṃ yathācittaṃ kathitaṃ, taṃ sammā kathitaṃ nāma hoti. Sampattavasena hi yathākārī tathāvādī sobhati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘attano anucchavikamevā’’</span>tiādi. Bahussuto bhikkhu tattha tattha sutte sīlādīnaṃ āgataṭṭhāne tesaṃ suviditattā yathānusiṭṭhaṃ paṭipajjamāno tāni paripūretīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sīlassa āgataṭṭhāne’’</span>tiādi. Maggādipasavanāya <span class="bld">vipassanāgabbhaṃ gaṇhāpetvā</span> paripākaṃ gametvāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para340"></a><a name="para340_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">340</span>. ‘‘Eseva nayo’’ti atidesavasena saṅkhepato vuttamatthaṃ vivaranto <span class="bld">‘‘āyasmā hi revato’’</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para342"></a><a name="para342_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">342</span>. <span class="bld">Aparepi</span> <a name="M2.0191"></a> <span class="bld">nānappakāre kilese</span>ti aparepi nānappakāre dosamohādikilese. <span class="bld">Dhunitvā</span>ti vidhametvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para343"></a><a name="para343_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">343</span>. Āyasmā mahāmoggallāno evaṃ byākāsīti sambandho. Sakalampi cakkhuviññāṇavīthigataṃ cittaṃ cakkhuviññāṇanti aggahetvā cakkhusannissitameva pana viññāṇaṃ cakkhuviññāṇaṃ, tadanantaraṃ sampaṭicchanaṃ, tadanantaraṃ santīraṇantiādinā saṇhaṃ sukhumaṃ atiittarakhaṇavantaṃ <span class="bld">cittantaraṃ</span> cittanānattaṃ. Khandhādīnañca nānattasaṅkhātaṃ <span class="bld">khandhantarādi</span>. Pathavīkasiṇe paṭhamajjhānaṃ samāpajjitvā tatheva tatiyaṃ jhānantiādinā ārammaṇaṃ anukkamitvā jhānasseva ekantarikabhāvena ukkamanaṃ <span class="bld">jhānokkantikaṃ</span> nāma. Pathavīkasiṇe paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ samāpajjitvā puna tadeva tejokasiṇetiādinā jhānaṃ anukkamitvā ārammaṇasseva ekantarikabhāvena ukkamanaṃ <span class="bld">ārammaṇokkantikaṃ</span> nāma. ‘‘Paṭhamajjhānaṃ pañcaṅgika’’ntiādinā yāva nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ duvaṅgikanti jhānaṅgamattasseva vavatthāpanaṃ <span class="bld">aṅgavavatthānaṃ</span>. ‘‘Idaṃ pathavīkasiṇaṃ…pe… idaṃ odātakasiṇa’’nti ārammaṇamattasseva vavatthāpanaṃ <span class="bld">ārammaṇavavatthānaṃ</span>. Pathavīkasiṇe paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ samāpajjitvā tattheva itaresampi samāpajjanaṃ <a name="V2.0179"></a> <span class="bld">aṅgasaṅkanti</span>. Pathavīkasiṇe paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ samāpajjitvā tadeva āpokasiṇeti evaṃ sabbakasiṇesu ekasseva jhānassa samāpajjanaṃ <span class="bld">ārammaṇasaṅkanti. Ekatovaḍḍhanaṃ ubhatovaḍḍhana</span>nti idaṃ khandhādidesanāyaṃ labbhati. Abhidhammabhājanīye hi vedanākkhandhaṃ bhājento bhagavā tike gahetvā dukesu pakkhipi, duke gahetvā tikesu pakkhipi, idaṃ <span class="bld">ekatovaḍḍhanaṃ</span>. Tike ca duke ca ubhatovaḍḍhananīhārena kathesi, idaṃ <span class="bld">ubhatovaḍḍhanaṃ</span>. Evaṃ sesakhandhesu dhātāyatanādīsu ca yathārahaṃ <span class="bld">vibhaṅgappakaraṇe</span> (vibha. 32-33; 155-156, 183-184) abhidhammabhājanīye āgatanayena veditabbaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ābhidhammikadhammakathikasseva pākaṭa’’</span>nti. Khandhādīsu sabhāvadhammesu tīsu lakkhaṇesu paññattiyaṃ samayantaresu ca kosallābhāvato <span class="bld">ayaṃ sakavādo ayaṃ paravādoti na jānāti</span>. Tato eva <span class="bld">sakavādaṃ…pe… dhammantaraṃ visaṃvādeti</span>. Khandhādīsu pana kusalatāya <span class="bld">ābhidhammiko sakavādaṃ…pe… na visaṃvādeti</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para344"></a><a name="para344_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">344</span>. <span class="bld">Cittaṃ</span> <a name="M2.0192"></a> <span class="bld">attano vase vattetuṃ sakkoti</span> paṭisaṅkhānabhāvanābalehi pariggaṇhanasamatthattā. Idāni tamatthaṃ byatirekato anvayato ca vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘duppañño hī’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">sabbānassā</span>ti sabbāni assa. <span class="bld">Visevitavipphanditānī</span>ti kilesavisūkāyikāni ceva duccaritavipphanditāni ca. <span class="bld">Bhañjitvā</span>ti madditvā. <span class="bld">Bahī</span>ti kammaṭṭhānato bahi puthuttārammaṇe.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para345"></a><a name="para345_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">345</span>. <span class="bld">Pariyāyenā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">pariyāya</span>-saddo ‘‘atthi khvesa, brāhmaṇa, pariyāyo’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 8.11; pārā. 3-9) viya kāraṇatthoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sobhanakāraṇaṃ atthī’’</span>ti. Yadi bhagavā – ‘‘idha, sāriputta, bhikkhu pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkanto’’tiādinā attano mahābodhipallaṅkaṃ sandhāyāha, evaṃ sante sammāsambuddheheva saṅghārāmo sobhetabbo, na aññehīti āpannanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘apica pacchimaṃ janata’’</span>ntiādi. Nibbānatthāya paṭipattisāraṃ etassāti paṭipattisāro, taṃ <span class="bld">paṭipattisāraṃ. Nippariyāyenevā</span>ti kenaci pariyāyena lesena vinā mukhyena nayeneva. Yo ‘‘arahattaṃ appatvā na vuṭṭhahissāmī’’ti daḷhasamādānaṃ katvā nisinno taṃ adhigantvāva uṭṭhahati. Evarūpena idaṃ gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobhati, sāsane sabbārambhānaṃ tadatthattāti attho. Āsavakkhayāvahaṃ paṭipattiṃ ārabhitvā āsavakkhayeneva desanāya pariyosāpitattā <span class="bld">yathānusandhināva desanaṃ niṭṭhapesī</span>ti.</p>
<p class="centered">Mahāgosiṅgasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.</p>
<p class="subhead">3. Mahāgopālakasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para346"></a><a name="para346_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">346</span>. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti <a name="V2.0180"></a> gopālakasutte. <span class="bld">Tisso kathā</span>ti (a. ni. ṭī. 3.11.17) tisso aṭṭhakathā, tividhā suttassa atthavaṇṇanāti attho. Ekekaṃ padaṃ nāḷaṃ mūlaṃ etissāti evaṃsaññitā <span class="bld">ekanāḷikā,</span> ekekaṃ vā padaṃ nāḷaṃ atthaniggamanamaggo etissāti <span class="bld">ekanāḷikā</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ekekapadassa atthakathana’’</span>nti. Cattāro aṃsā bhāgā atthasallakkhaṇūpāyā etissāti <span class="bld">caturassā</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘catukkaṃ bandhitvā kathana’’</span>nti. Niyamato nisinnassa āraddhassa <a name="M2.0193"></a> vatto saṃvatto etissā atthīti <span class="bld">nisinnavattikā,</span> yathāraddhassa atthassa visuṃ visuṃ pariyosāpikāti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘paṇḍitaṃ gopālakaṃ dassetvā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Ekekapadassā</span>ti piṇḍatthadassanavasena bahunnaṃ padānaṃ ekajjhaṃ atthaṃ akathetvā ekamekassa padassa atthavaṇṇanā. Ayaṃ sabbattheva labbhati. <span class="bld">Catukkaṃ bandhitvā</span>ti kaṇhapakkhe upamūpameyyadvayaṃ, tathā sukkapakkheti idaṃ catukkaṃ yojetvā. Ayaṃ īdisesu eva suttesu labbhati. <span class="bld">Pariyosānagamana</span>nti keci tāva āhu – ‘‘kaṇhapakkhe upamaṃ dassetvā upamā ca nāma yāvadeva upameyyasampaṭidānatthāti upameyyatthaṃ āharitvā saṃkilesapakkhaniddeso ca vodānapakkhavibhāvanatthāyāti sukkapakkhampi upamūpameyyavibhāgena āharitvā suttatthassa pariyosāpana’’nti. Kaṇhapakkhe upameyyaṃ dassetvā pariyosānagamanādīsupi eseva nayo. Apare pana ‘‘kaṇhapakkhe sukkapakkhe ca taṃtaṃupamūpameyyatthānaṃ visuṃ visuṃ pariyosāpetvāva kathanaṃ pariyosānagamana’’nti vadanti. <span class="bld">Aya</span>nti nisinnavattikā. <span class="bld">Idhā</span>ti imasmiṃ gopālakasutte. <span class="bld">Sabbācariyānaṃ āciṇṇā</span>ti sabbehipi pubbācariyehi ācaritā saṃvaṇṇitā, tathā ceva pāḷi pavattāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aṅgīyanti avayavabhāvena ñāyantīti <span class="bld">aṅgāni,</span> bhāgā. Tāni panettha yasmā sāvajjasabhāvāni, tasmā āha <span class="bld">‘‘aṅgehīti aguṇakoṭṭhāsehī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Gomaṇḍala</span>nti gosamūhaṃ. <span class="bld">Pariharitu</span>nti rakkhituṃ. Taṃ pana pariharaṇaṃ pariggahetvā vicaraṇanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pariggahetvā vicaritu’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Vaḍḍhi</span>nti gunnaṃ bahubhāvaṃ bahugorasatāsaṅkhātaṃ parivuddhiṃ. ‘‘Ettakamida’’nti rūpīyatīti <span class="bld">rūpaṃ,</span> parimānaparicchedopi sarīrarūpampīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘gaṇanato vā vaṇṇato vā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Na pariyesati</span> vinaṭṭhabhāvasseva ajānanato. <span class="bld">Nīlā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">iti</span>-saddo ādiattho. Tena setasabalādivaṇṇaṃ saṅgaṇhāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dhanusattisūlādī</span>ti <a name="V2.0181"></a> ettha issāsācariyānaṃ gāvīsu kataṃ <span class="bld">dhanulakkhaṇaṃ</span>. Kumārabhattigaṇānaṃ gāvīsu kataṃ <span class="bld">sattilakkhaṇaṃ</span>. Issarabhattigaṇānaṃ gāvīsu kataṃ <span class="bld">sūlalakkhaṇa</span>nti yojanā. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena rāmavāsudevagaṇādīnaṃ gāvīsu kataṃ pharasucakkādilakkhaṇaṃ saṅgaṇhāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nīlamakkhikā</span>ti piṅgalamakkhikā, khuddamakkhikā eva vā. Saṭati rujati etāyāti sāṭikā, saṃvaddhā sāṭikāti <span class="bld">āsāṭikā</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vaḍḍhantī’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vākenā</span>ti <a name="M2.0194"></a> vākapattena. <span class="bld">Cīrakenā</span>ti pilotikena. <span class="bld">Antovasse</span>ti vassakālassa abbhantare. <span class="bld">Niggāha</span>nti susumārādiggāharahitaṃ. <span class="bld">Pīta</span>nti pānīyassa pītabhāvaṃ. Sīhabyagghādiparissayena <span class="bld">sāsaṅko sappaṭibhayo</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pañca ahāni bhūtāni etassāti pañcāhito, so eva vāroti <span class="bld">pañcāhikavāro</span>. Evaṃ <span class="bld">sattāhikavāro</span>ti veditabbo. <span class="bld">Ciṇṇaṭṭhāna</span>nti caritaṭṭhānaṃ gocaraggahitaṭṭhānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pituṭṭhāna</span>nti pitarā kātabbaṭṭhānaṃ, pitarā kātabbakaraṇanti attho. <span class="bld">Yathāruciṃ gahetvā gacchantī</span>ti gunnaṃ rucianurūpaṃ gocarabhūmiyaṃ vā nadipāraṃ vā gahetvā gacchanti. <span class="bld">Gobhatta</span>nti kappāsaṭṭhikādimissaṃ gobhuñjitabbaṃ bhattaṃ, bhattaggahaṇeneva yāgupi gahitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para347"></a><a name="para347_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">347</span>. <span class="bld">‘‘Dvīhākārehī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ ākāradvayaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘gaṇanato vā samuṭṭhānato vā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Evaṃ pāḷiyaṃ āgatā</span>ti ‘‘upacayo santatī’’ti jātiṃ dvidhā bhinditvā hadayavatthuṃ aggahetvā ‘‘dasa āyatanāni pañcadasa sukhumarūpānī’’ti evaṃ rūpakaṇḍapāḷiyaṃ (dha. sa. 651-655) āgatā. <span class="bld">Pañcavīsati rūpakoṭṭhāsā</span>ti salakkhaṇato aññamaññasaṅkarābhāvato rūpabhāgā. <span class="bld">Rūpakoṭṭhāsā</span>ti vā visuṃ visuṃ appavattitvā kalāpabhāveneva pavattanato rūpakalāpā. <span class="bld">Koṭṭhāsā</span>ti ca aṃsā, avayavāti attho. <span class="bld">Koṭṭha</span>nti vā sarīraṃ, tassa aṃsā kesādayo koṭṭhāsāti aññepi avayavā koṭṭhāsā viya <span class="bld">koṭṭhāsā. Seyyathāpī</span>ti upamāsaṃsandanaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">rūpaṃ pariggahetvā</span>ti yathāvuttaṃ rūpaṃ salakkhaṇato ñāṇena pariggaṇhitvā. <span class="bld">Arūpaṃ vavatthapetvā</span>ti taṃ rūpaṃ nissāya ārammaṇañca katvā pavattamāne vedanādike cattāro khandhe ‘‘arūpa’’nti vavatthapetvā. <span class="bld">Rūpārūpaṃ pariggahetvā</span>ti puna tattha yaṃ ruppanalakkhaṇaṃ, taṃ rūpaṃ, tadaññaṃ arūpaṃ, ubhayavinimuttaṃ kiñci natthi attā vā attaniyaṃ vāti evaṃ rūpārūpaṃ pariggahetvā. Tadubhayañca avijjādinā paccayena sappaccayanti <span class="bld">paccayaṃ sallakkhetvā</span> aniccādilakkhaṇaṃ <a name="V2.0182"></a> <span class="bld">āropetvā</span> yo kalāpasammasanādikkamena kammaṭṭhānaṃ matthakaṃ pāpetuṃ na sakkoti, so na vaḍḍhatīti yojanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ettakaṃ</span> <a name="M2.0195"></a> <span class="bld">rūpaṃ ekasamuṭṭhāna</span>nti cakkhāyatanaṃ, sotaghānajivhākāyāyatanaṃ itthindriyaṃ purisindriyaṃ jīvitindriyanti aṭṭhavidhaṃ kammavasena, kāyaviññatti vacīviññattīti idaṃ dvayaṃ cittavasenāti ettakaṃ rūpaṃ ekasamuṭṭhānaṃ. Saddāyatanamekaṃ utucittavasena <span class="bld">dvisamuṭṭhānaṃ</span>. Rūpassa lahutā mudutā kammaññatāti ettakaṃ rūpaṃ utucittāhāravasena <span class="bld">tisamuṭṭhānaṃ</span>. Rūpagandharasaphoṭṭhabbāyatanaṃ ākāsadhātu āpodhātu kabaḷīkāro āhāroti ettakaṃ rūpaṃ utucittāhārakammavasena <span class="bld">catusamuṭṭhānaṃ</span>. Upacayo santati jaratā rūpassa aniccatāti <span class="bld">ettakaṃ</span> rūpaṃ <span class="bld">na kutoci samuṭṭhātīti na jānāti. Samuṭṭhānato rūpaṃ ajānanto</span>tiādīsu vattabbaṃ ‘‘gaṇanato rūpaṃ ajānanto’’tiādesu vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kammalakkhaṇo</span>ti attanā kataṃ duccaritakammaṃ lakkhaṇaṃ etassāti kammalakkhaṇo, bālo. Vuttañhetaṃ – ‘‘tīṇimāni, bhikkhave, bālassa bālalakkhaṇāni. Katamāni tīṇi? Duccintitacintī hoti, dubbhāsitabhāsī, dukkaṭakammakārī. Imāni kho…pe… lakkhaṇānī’’ti (a. ni. 3.2; netti. 116). Attanā kataṃ sucaritakammaṃ lakkhaṇaṃ etassāti <span class="bld">kammalakkhaṇo,</span> paṇḍito. Vuttampi cetaṃ – ‘‘tīṇimāni, bhikkhave, paṇḍitassa paṇḍitalakkhaṇāni. Katamāni tīṇi? Sucintitacintī hoti, subhāsitabhāsī, sukatakammakārī. Imāni kho…pe… paṇḍitalakkhaṇānī’’ti (ma. ni. 3.253; a. ni. 3.3; netti. 116). Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kusalākusalaṃ kammaṃ paṇḍitamālalakkhaṇa’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Bāle vajjetvā paṇḍite na sevatī</span>ti yaṃ bālapuggale vajjetvā paṇḍitasevanaṃ atthakāmena kātabbaṃ, taṃ na karoti. Tathābhūtassa ayamādīnavoti dassetuṃ puna <span class="bld">‘‘bāle vajjetvā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha yaṃ bhagavatā ‘‘idaṃ vo kappatī’’ti anuññātaṃ, tadanulomañce, taṃ <span class="bld">kappiyaṃ</span>. Yaṃ ‘‘idaṃ vo na kappatī’’ti paṭikkhittaṃ, tadanulomañce, taṃ <span class="bld">akappiyaṃ</span>. Yaṃ kosallasambhūtaṃ, taṃ <span class="bld">kusalaṃ,</span> tappaṭipakkhaṃ <span class="bld">akusalaṃ</span>. Tadeva <span class="bld">sāvajjaṃ,</span> kusalaṃ <span class="bld">anavajjaṃ</span>. Āpattito ādito dve āpattikkhandhā <span class="bld">garukaṃ,</span> tadaññaṃ <span class="bld">lahukaṃ</span>. Dhammato mahāsāvajjaṃ <span class="bld">garukaṃ,</span> appasāvajjaṃ <span class="bld">lahukaṃ</span>. Sappaṭikāraṃ <span class="bld">satekiccaṃ,</span> appaṭikāraṃ <span class="bld">atekicchaṃ</span>. Dhammatānugataṃ <span class="bld">kāraṇaṃ,</span> itaraṃ <span class="bld">akāraṇaṃ</span>. <span class="bld">Taṃ ajānanto</span>ti kappiyākappiyaṃ garukalahukaṃ satekicchātekicchaṃ ajānanto suvisuddhaṃ katvā sīlaṃ rakkhituṃ na sakkoti, kusalākusalaṃ sāvajjānavajjaṃ kāraṇākāraṇaṃ ajānanto khandhādīsu <a name="M2.0196"></a><a name="V2.0183"></a> akusalatāya rūpārūpapariggahampi kātuṃ na sakkoti, kuto tassa kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā vaḍḍhanā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā vaḍḍhetuṃ na sakkotī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Govaṇasadise attabhāve uppajjitvā tattha dukkhuppattihetuto micchāvitakkā āsāṭikā viyāti <span class="bld">āsāṭikā</span>ti āha <span class="bld">‘‘akusalavitakkaṃ āsāṭikaṃ ahāretvā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Gaṇḍoti kho, bhikkhave, pañcannetaṃ upādānakkhandhānaṃ adhivacana’’nti vacanato (a. ni. 8.56) chahi vaṇamukhehi vissandamānayūso gaṇḍo viya pilotikakhaṇḍena chahi dvārehi vissandamānakilesāsuci attabhāvavaṇo satisaṃvarena pidahitabbo, ayaṃ pana evaṃ na karotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yathā so gopālako vaṇaṃ na paṭicchādeti, evaṃ saṃvaraṃ na sampādetī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā dhūmo indhanaṃ nissāya uppajjamāno saṇho sukhumo taṃ taṃ vivaraṃ anupavissa byāpento sattānaṃ ḍaṃsamakasādiparissayaṃ vinodeti, aggijālasamuṭṭhānassa pubbaṅgamo hoti, evaṃ dhammadesanāñāṇassa indhanabhūtaṃ rūpārūpadhammajātaṃ nissāya uppajjamānā saṇhā sukhumā taṃ taṃ khandhantaraṃ āyatanantarañca anupavissa byāpeti, sattānaṃ micchāvitakkādiparissayaṃ vinodeti, ñāṇaggijālasamuṭṭhānassa pubbaṅgamoti dhūmo viyāti <span class="bld">dhūmo</span>ti āha <span class="bld">‘‘gopālako dhūmaṃ viya dhammadesanādhūmaṃ na karotī’’</span>ti. Attano santikaṃ upagantvā nisinnassa kātabbā tadanucchavikā dhammakathā <span class="bld">upanisinnakathā</span>. Katassa dānādipuññassa anumodanakathā <span class="bld">anumodanā</span>. <span class="bld">Tato</span>ti dhammakathādīnaṃ akaraṇato. <span class="bld">‘‘Bahussuto guṇavā’’</span>ti na jānantīti kasmā vuttaṃ, nanu attano jānāpanatthaṃ dhammakathādi na kātabbamevāti? Saccaṃ, na kātabbameva, suddhāsayena pana dhamme kathite tassa guṇajānanataṃ sandhāyetaṃ vuttaṃ. Tenāha bhagavā –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Nābhāsamānaṃ jānanti, missaṃ bālehi paṇḍitaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Bhāsaye jotaye dhammaṃ, paggaṇhe isinaṃ dhaja’’nti. (saṃ. ni. 2.241);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Taranti etthāti <span class="bld">titthaṃ,</span> nadītaḷākādīnaṃ nahānādiatthaṃ otaraṇaṭṭhānaṃ. Yathā pana taṃ udakena otiṇṇasattānaṃ sarīramalaṃ pavāheti, parissamaṃ vinodeti, visuddhiṃ uppādeti, evaṃ bahussutā attano samīpaṃ otiṇṇasattānaṃ <a name="M2.0197"></a> dhammūdakena cittamalaṃ pavāhenti, parissamaṃ vinodenti, visuddhiṃ uppādenti, tasmā te titthaṃ viyāti <span class="bld">titthaṃ</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘titthabhūte bahussutabhikkhū’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Byañjanaṃ kathaṃ ropetabba</span>nti, bhante, idaṃ byañjanaṃ ayaṃ saddo kathaṃ imasmiṃ atthe <a name="V2.0184"></a> ropetabbo, kena pakārena imassa atthassa vācako jāto. ‘‘Nirūpetabba’’nti vā pāṭho, nirūpetabbaṃ ayaṃ sabhāvanirutti kathamettha niruḷhāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Imassa bhāsitassa ko attho</span>ti saddatthaṃ pucchati. <span class="bld">Imasmiṃ ṭhāne</span>ti imasmiṃ pāḷipadese. <span class="bld">Pāḷi kiṃ vadetī</span>ti bhāvatthaṃ pucchati. <span class="bld">Attho kiṃ dīpetī</span>ti bhāvatthaṃ vā saṅketatthaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Na paripucchatī</span>ti vimaticchedanapucchāvasena sabbaso pucchaṃ na karoti. <span class="bld">Na paripañhatī</span>ti pari pari attano ñātuṃ icchaṃ na ācikkhati na vibhāveti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘na jānāpetī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Te</span>ti bahussutabhikkhū. <span class="bld">Vivaraṇaṃ</span> nāma atthassa vibhajitvā kathananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘bhājetvā na dassentī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Anuttānīkata</span>nti ñāṇena apākaṭīkataṃ guyhaṃ paṭicchannaṃ. <span class="bld">Na uttānīkarontī</span>ti sinerumūlakaṃ vālikaṃ uddharanto viya pathavīsandhārodakaṃ vivaritvā dassento viya ca uttānaṃ na karonti. Evaṃ yassa dhammassa vasena bahussutā ‘‘tittha’’nti vuttā pariyāyato, idāni tameva dhammaṃ nippariyāyato titthanti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yathā cā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Dhammo hi taranti etena nibbānaṃ nāma taḷākanti <span class="bld">‘‘tittha’’</span>nti vuccati. Tenāha bhagavā sumedhabhūto –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Evaṃ kilesamaladhovaṃ, vijjante amatantaḷe;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Na gavesati taṃ taḷākaṃ, na doso amatantaḷe’’ti. (bu. vaṃ. 2.14);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dhammasseva nibbānassotaraṇatitthabhūtassa otaraṇapakāraṃ ajānanto <span class="bld">‘‘dhammatitthaṃ na jānātī’’</span>ti vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pītāpīta</span>nti gogaṇe pītaṃ apītañca gorūpaṃ na jānāti na vindati. Avindanto hi na labhatīti vutto. <span class="bld">‘‘Ānisaṃsaṃ na vindatī’’</span>ti vatvā tassa avindanākāraṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘dhammassavanaggaṃ gantvā’’</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ayaṃ lokuttaro</span>ti padaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘ariya’’</span>nti. Paccāsattiñāyena anantaravidhippaṭisedho vā, ariya-saddo vā niddosapariyāyo daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhaṅgika</span>nti ca visuṃ ekajjhañca aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ upādāya gahetabbaṃ, aṭṭhaṅgatā <a name="M2.0198"></a> bāhullato ca. Evañca katvā sattaṅgassapi ariyamaggassa saṅgaho siddho hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cattāro satipaṭṭhāne</span>tiādīsu avisesena satipaṭṭhānā vuttā. Tattha kāyavedanācittadhammārammaṇā <a name="V2.0185"></a> satipaṭṭhānā lokiyā, tattha sammohaviddhaṃsanavasena pavattā nibbānārammaṇā lokuttarāti evaṃ <span class="bld">ime lokiyā, ime lokuttarāti yathābhūtaṃ na pajānāti</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anavasesaṃ duhatī</span>ti paṭiggahaṇe mattaṃ ajānanto kismiñci dāyake saddhāhāniyā kismiñci paccayahāniyā anavasesaṃ duhati. Vācāya abhihāro <span class="bld">vācābhihāro</span>. Paccayānaṃ abhihāro <span class="bld">paccayābhihāro</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ime amhesu garucittīkāraṃ na karontī</span>ti iminā navakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ dhammasampaṭipattiyā abhāvaṃ dasseti ācariyupajjhāyesu pitupemassa anupaṭṭhāpanato. Tena ca sikkhāgāravatābhāvadīpanena saṅgahassa abhājanabhāvaṃ, tena therānaṃ tesu anuggahābhāvaṃ. Na hi sīlādiguṇehi sāsane thirabhāvappattā ananuggahetabbe sabrahmacārī anuggaṇhanti, niratthakaṃ vā anuggahaṃ karonti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘navake bhikkhū’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Dhammakathābandha</span>nti paveṇiāgataṃ pakiṇṇakadhammakathāmaggaṃ. Saccasattapaṭisandhipaccayākārapaṭisaṃyuttaṃ suññatādīpanaṃ <span class="bld">guyhaganthaṃ</span>. <span class="bld">Vuttavipallāsavasenā</span>ti ‘‘na rūpaññū’’tiādīsu vuttassa paṭisedhassa paṭikkhepavasena aggahaṇavasena. <span class="bld">Yojetvā</span>ti ‘‘rūpaññū hotīti gaṇanāto vā vaṇṇato vā rūpaṃ jānātī’’tiādinā, ‘‘tassa gogaṇopi na parihāyati, pañcagorasaparibhogatopi na paribāhiro hotī’’tiādinā ca atthaṃ yojetvā. <span class="bld">Veditabbo</span>ti tasmiṃ tasmiṃ padese yathārahaṃ attho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="centered">Mahāgopālakasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.</p>
<p class="subhead">4. Cūḷagopālakasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para350"></a><a name="para350_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">350</span>. <span class="bld">Celukkāhī</span>ti <a name="V2.0186"></a> celamayāhi ukkāhi. Ukkabhūtāni celāni etthāti <span class="bld">ukkacelā,</span> nagaraṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbā gaṅgā pākaṭā hutvā paññāyatī</span>ti pakaticakkhussa <a name="M2.0199"></a> pākaṭā hutvā upaṭṭhāti, dibbacakkhussa pana samantacakkhussa vā yattha katthaci nisinnassapi bhagavato pākaṭā hutvā paññāyateva. <span class="bld">Sotthī</span>ti anupaddavo. <span class="bld">Vaḍḍhī</span>ti aparihāni. <span class="bld">Ārogya</span>nti arogatā ābādhābhāvo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Magadho janapado nivāso etassāti māgadho, māgadhova <span class="bld">māgadhiko</span>. Paññāya nāma duṭṭhubhāvo natthi ekantānavajjatāya, tasmā <span class="bld">du</span>-saddo abhāvavācī ‘‘dussīlo’’tiādīsu viya, <span class="bld">jāti</span>-saddo ca sabhāvatthoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘nippaññasabhāvo’’</span>ti. -Saddo ārambhatthoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘patāresīti tāretuṃ ārabhī’’</span>ti paratīraṃ gāvīnaṃ appattattā. <span class="bld">Suvidehāna</span>nti sundaravidehānaṃ. Videharaṭṭhaṃ kira bhūmibhāgadassanasampattiyā ca vanarāmaṇeyyakādinā ca sundaraṃ. <span class="bld">Āmaṇḍalikaṃ karitvā</span>ti āvatte patitā temaṇḍalākārena paribbhamitvā. Katipayāpi gāviyo asesetvā nadīsotena vūḷhattā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘avaḍḍhiṃ vināsaṃ pāpuṇiṃsū’’</span>ti. Katipayāsupi hi avasiṭṭhāsu gāvīsu anukkamenapi siyā gogaṇassa vaḍḍhīti. <span class="bld">Vissamaṭṭhāna</span>nti parissamavinodanaṭṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Titthā bhaṭṭhā</span>ti gahetuṃ asamatthatāya titthaṃ appattā. <span class="bld">Arogo nāma nāhosī</span>ti lomamattampi asesetvā sabbā gāviyo nadīsote vinaṭṭhāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yesu khandhāyatanadhātūsu idha lokasamaññā, te ajānantā ‘‘akusalā imassa lokassā’’ti vuttāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘idhaloke khandhadhātāyatanesu akusalā achekā’’</span>ti. Ayameva nayo ‘‘akusalā parassa lokassā’’ti etthāpīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘paralokepi eseva nayo’’</span>ti. Māro ettha dhīyatīti <span class="bld">māradheyyaṃ. Māro</span>ti cettha kilesamāro veditabbo. Khandhābhisaṅkhārā hi tassa pavattanabhāvena gahitā, maccumāro visuṃ gahito eva, kilesamāravaseneva ca devaputtamārassa kāmabhave ādhipaccanti. <span class="bld">Tesa</span>nti ye idhalokādīsu achekā, tesaṃ. Te pana ukkaṭṭhaniddesena dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘iminā cha satthāro dassitā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para351"></a><a name="para351_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">351</span>. <span class="bld">Balavagāvo</span>ti balavante gorūpe. Te pana dammataṃ upagatagoṇā ceva dhenuyo cāti āha <a name="V2.0187"></a> <span class="bld">‘‘dantagoṇe ceva dhenuyo cā’’</span>ti<a name="M2.0200"></a>. <span class="bld">Avijātagāvoti na</span> vijātagāviyo. <span class="bld">Vacchake</span>ti khuddakavacche. Appattho hi ayaṃ ka-saddo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘taruṇavacchake’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Kisābalake</span>ti dubbale.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para352"></a><a name="para352_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">352</span>. <span class="bld">Mārassa taṇhāsotaṃ chetvā</span>ti khandhamārasambandhītaṇhāsaṅkhātaṃ sotaṃ samucchinditvā. <span class="bld">Tayo koṭṭhāse khepetvā ṭhitā</span>ti anāgāmino sandhāyāha. <span class="bld">Sabbavāresū</span>ti sakadāgāmisotāpannaaṭṭhamakavāresu. Tattha pana yathākkamaṃ catumaggavajjhānaṃ kilesānaṃ dve koṭṭhāse khepetvā ṭhitā, ekakoṭṭhāsaṃ khepetvā ṭhitā, paṭhamaṃ koṭṭhāsaṃ khepentoti vattabbaṃ. Dhammaṃ anussaranti, dhammassa vā anussaraṇasīlāti <span class="bld">dhammānusārino. Dhammo</span>ti cettha paññā adhippetā. Saddhaṃ anussaranti, saddhāya vā anussaraṇasīlāti <span class="bld">saddhānusārino</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Jānatā</span>ti ettha jānanakiriyāvisayassa avisesitattā adhikāravasena anavasesañeyyavisesā adhippetāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbadhamme jānantenā’’</span>ti. Antosāravirahato abbhuggataṭṭhena ca naḷo viyāti <span class="bld">naḷo,</span> mānoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vigatamānanaḷaṃ kata’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Khemaṃ patthethā</span>ti ettha catūhi yogehi anupaddavattā ‘‘khema’’nti arahattaṃ adhippetaṃ. <span class="bld">Patthanā</span> ca chandapatthanā, na taṇhāpatthanāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kattukamyatāchandena arahattaṃ patthethā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Pattāyeva nāma</span> tassa pattiyā na koci antarāyo. Sotthinā pāragamanaṃ uddissa desanaṃ ārabhitvā khemappattiyā desanāya pariyosāpitattā <span class="bld">yathānusandhināva desanaṃ niṭṭhāpesī</span>ti.</p>
<p class="centered">Cūḷagopālakasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.</p>
<p class="subhead">5. Cūḷasaccakasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para353"></a><a name="para353_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">353</span>. <span class="bld">Haṃsavaṭṭakacchannenā</span>ti <a name="V2.0188"></a> haṃsavaṭṭakapaṭicchannena, haṃsamaṇḍalākārenāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vadanti etenāti vādo, maggo. Kiṃ vadanti? Uttaraṃ. Vādānaṃ satāni <span class="bld">vādasatāni</span>. ‘‘Nigaṇṭho pañcavādasatāni, nigaṇṭhī pañcavādasatānī’’ti evaṃ <span class="bld">nigaṇṭho</span> <a name="M2.0201"></a> <span class="bld">ca nigaṇṭhī ca pañca pañca vādasatāni uggahetvā vicarantā</span>. Kiriyato te <span class="bld">pucchiṃsu,</span> liṅgato pana nigaṇṭhabhāvo ñāto. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ahaṃ vādaṃ āropessāmī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Jagganto</span> sammajjanādivasena. <span class="bld">Divātara</span>nti atidivaṃ. ‘‘Kassa pucchā, kassa vissajjanaṃ hotū’’ti paribbājikāhi vutte thero āha <span class="bld">‘‘pucchā nāma amhākaṃ pattā’’</span>ti. Pucchā vādānaṃ pubbapakkho, yasmā tumhe vādapasutā vādābhiratā dhajaṃ paggayha vicaratha, tasmā vādānaṃ pubbapakkho amhākaṃ patto, evaṃ santepi tumhākaṃ mātugāmabhāvato pubbapakkhaṃ demāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tumhe pana mātugāmā nāma paṭhamaṃ pucchathā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tā</span> paribbājikā ekekā aḍḍhateyyasatavādamaggaṃ pucchantiyo <span class="bld">vādasahassaṃ pucchiṃsu</span>. Yathā nisitassa khaggassa kumudanāḷacchedane kimatthi bhāriyaṃ, evaṃ paṭisambhidāppattassa sāvakesu paññavantānaṃ aggabhāve ṭhitassa dhammasenāpatino puthujjanaparikappitapañhavissajjane kimatthi bhāriyaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘thero khaggenā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">nijjaṭaṃ niggaṇṭhiṃ katvā</span>ti yathā tā puna tattha jaṭaṃ gaṇṭhiṃ kātuṃ na visahanti, tathā vijaṭetvā kathesi. Ayaṃ thero caturaṅgasamannāgate andhakāre sahassavaṭṭikaṃ dīpento viya aññesaṃ avisaye andhakārabhūte pañhe pucchitamatteyeva vissajjesīti therassa paññāveyyattiyaṃ disvā sayañca antimabhavikatāya kohaññe ṭhātuṃ asakkontiyo <span class="bld">‘‘ettakameva, bhante, mayaṃ jānāmā’’</span>ti āhaṃsu. <span class="bld">Therassa visaya</span>nti therassa paññāvisayaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Neva antaṃ na koṭiṃ addasaṃsū</span>ti ekanti vattabbassa bahubhāvato tassā pucchāya attho evamanto evamavasānakoṭīti na passiṃsu na jāniṃsu. Thero tāsaṃ ajjhāsayaṃ olokento pabbajjāruciṃ disvā āha <span class="bld">‘‘idāni kiṃ karissathā’’</span>ti? <span class="bld">Uttaritarapañño</span>ti vādamaggaparicayena medhāvitāya ca yādisā tāsaṃ paññā, tato uttaritarapañño.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kathāmaggo</span>ti <a name="V2.0189"></a> vādamaggo. Tasmā tehi tehi parappavādādīhi bhassaṃ vādamaggaṃ pakārehi vadetīti <span class="bld">bhassappavādako. Paṇḍitavādo</span>ti ahaṃ paṇḍito nipuṇo bahussutoti evaṃvādī. <span class="bld">Yaṃ yaṃ nakkhattācārena ādisatī</span>ti nakkhattagatiyā kālañāṇena ‘‘asukadivase candaggāho bhavissati, sūriyaggāho bhavissatī’’tiādinā yaṃ yaṃ ādesaṃ bhaṇati. <span class="bld">Sādhuladdhiko</span> ñāṇasampattiyā sundaro. <span class="bld">Āropito</span>ti paṭiññāhetunidassanādidosaṃ <a name="M2.0202"></a> upari āropito vādo svāropito. Dosapadaṃ āropentena vādinā paravādimhi abhibhuyya tassa dhātukkhobhopi siyā, cittavikkhepena yena doso tena saṅkappito sampavedhitoti. <span class="bld">Thūṇa</span>nti sarīraṃ khobhitanti katvā. <span class="bld">Thūṇa</span>nti hi lohitapittasemhānaṃ adhivacanaṃ sabbaṅgasarīradhāraṇato. Apica thūṇapado nāma atthi kathāmaggo vādamaggaṃ gaṇhantānaṃ. Saccako pana kohaññe ṭhatvā attano vādappabhedavasena pare vimhāpento <span class="bld">‘‘thūṇaṃ cepāha’’</span>ntiādimāha. Sāvakānaṃ vinayaṃ nāma sikkhāpadaṃ, tañca dhammadesanā hotīti esā eva cassa anusāsanīti vinayanādimukhena sammāsambuddhassa mataṃ sāsanaṃ pucchanto saccako <span class="bld">‘‘kathaṃ pana, bho, assajī’’</span>tiādimāha. Athassa thero ‘‘lakkhaṇattayakathā nāma anaññasādhāraṇā buddhāveṇikā dhammadesanā, tatra ca mayā aniccakathāya samuṭṭhāpitāya taṃ asahanto saccako tucchamānena paṭapaṭāyanto kurumāno licchavī gahetvā bhagavato santikaṃ āgamissati, athassa bhagavā vādaṃ madditvā aniccanti patiṭṭhapento dhammaṃ kathessati, tadā bhavissati vijahitavādo sammāpaṭipattiyā patiṭṭhito’’ti cintetvā aniccānattalakkhaṇapaṭisaṃyuttaṃ bhagavato anusāsanaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ, bho, aggivessanā’’</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kasmā panettha dukkhalakkhaṇaṃ aggahitanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘thero panā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">‘‘Upārambhassa okāso hotī’’</span>ti saṅkhepato vuttaṃ vivarituṃ <span class="bld">‘‘maggaphalānī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">pariyāyenā</span>ti saṅkhāradukkhatāpariyāyena. <span class="bld">Aya</span>nti saccako. <span class="bld">Nayidaṃ tumhākaṃ sāsanaṃ nāmā</span>ti yattha tumhe avaṭṭhitā, idaṃ tumhākaṃ sabbaññusāsanaṃ nāma na hoti dukkhato anissaraṇattā, atha kho <span class="bld">mahāāghātanaṃ nāmetaṃ,</span> mahādukkhaniddiṭṭhattā pana <span class="bld">nirayussado nāma</span> ussadanirayo nāma, tasmā <span class="bld">natti</span> nāma <span class="bld">tumhākaṃ sukhāsā. Uṭṭhāyuṭṭhāyā</span>ti ussukkaṃ katvā, <span class="bld">dukkhameva jīrāpentā</span> sabbaso dukkhameva anubhavantā, <span class="bld">āhiṇḍatha</span> vicarathāti. Sabbamidaṃ tassa micchāparikappitameva. Kasmā? Dukkhasaccūpasañhitāyeva hettha nippariyāyakathā nāma. Tassa hi pariññatthaṃ bhagavati brahmacariyaṃ vussati. Maggaphalāni saṅkhārabhāvena ‘‘yadaniccaṃ, taṃ dukkha’’nti pariyāyato dukkhaṃ, na nippariyāyato. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tasmā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Sotuṃ ayuttaṃ</span> micchāvādattāti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para354"></a><a name="para354_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">354</span>. Saha <a name="V2.0190"></a><a name="M2.0203"></a> atthānusāsanaṃ agāranti sandhāgāraṃ, rājakulānaṃ santhāpanaagārantipi sandhāgāraṃ, tasmiṃ <span class="bld">santhāgāre</span>ti attho. Ekasmiṃ kāle tādise kāle rājakiccānaṃ santhānamettha vicārentīti sandhāgāraṃ, tasmiṃ <span class="bld">santhāgāre</span>tipi attho. <span class="bld">Patiṭṭhita</span>nti ‘‘aniccaṃ anattā’’ti ca paṭiññātaṃ. <span class="bld">Idāneva piṭṭhiṃ parivattento</span>ti bhagavato nalāṭaṃ anoloketvā vimukhabhāvaṃ āpajjanto. <span class="bld">Surāghare</span>ti surāsampādakagehe. <span class="bld">Piṭṭhakilañja</span>nti piṭṭhaṭhapanakiḷañjaṃ. <span class="bld">Vāla</span>nti caṅgavāraṃ. <span class="bld">Sāṇasāṭakakaraṇattha</span>nti sāṇasāṭakaṃ karonti etenāti <span class="bld">sāṇasāṭakakaraṇaṃ,</span> suttaṃ, tadatthaṃ. Sāṇavākā etesu santīti <span class="bld">sāṇavākā,</span> sāṇadaṇḍā. Te gahetvā sāṇānaṃ dhovanasadisaṃ kīḷitajātaṃ yathā ‘‘uddālapupphabhañjikā, sāṇabhañjikā’’ti ca. <span class="bld">Kiṃ so bhavamāno</span>ti kīdiso hutvā so bhavamāno, kiṃ honto loke aggapuggalassa sammāsambuddhassa vādāropanaṃ nāma tato uttaritarasūraguṇo eva yakkhādibhāvena so bhavamāno abhisambhuṇeyya. Ayaṃ pana appānubhāvatāya pisācarūpo kiṃ ettakaṃ kālaṃ niddāyanto ajja pabujjhitvā evaṃ vadatīti adhippāyo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kiṃ yakkho’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para355"></a><a name="para355_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">355</span>. <span class="bld">Mahāmajjhanhikasamaye</span>ti mahati majjhanhikakāle, gaganamajjhe sūriyagatavelāya. <span class="bld">Divāpadhānikā</span> padhānānuyuñjakā. <span class="bld">Vattaṃ dassetvā</span>ti pacchābhattaṃ divāvihārūpagamanato pubbe kātabbavattaṃ dassetvā paṭipajjitvā. <span class="bld">Bhagavantaṃ dassento</span>ti bhagavati gāravabahumānaṃ vibhāvento ubho hatthe kamalamakulākāre katvā ukkhippa bhagavantaṃ dassento.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Taṃ sandhāyā</span>ti taṃ aparicchinnagaṇanaṃ sandhāya evaṃ ‘‘mahatiyā licchaviparisāyā’’ti vuttaṃ. Kiṃ sīsena bhūmiṃ paharanteneva vandanā katā hoti? <span class="bld">Kerāṭikā</span>ti saṭhā. <span class="bld">Mocentā</span>ti bhikkhādānato mocentā. <span class="bld">Avakkhittamattikāpiṇḍo viyā</span>ti heṭṭhākhittamattikāpiṇḍo viya. <span class="bld">Yattha katthacī</span>ti attano anurūpaṃ vacanaṃ asallapento yattha katthaci.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para356"></a><a name="para356_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">356</span>. Dissati <a name="M2.0204"></a> ‘‘idaṃ imassa phala’’nti apadissati etenāti <span class="bld">deso,</span> kāraṇaṃ, tadeva tassa pavattiṭṭhānatāya okāsoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kañcideva desanti kañci okāsaṃ kiñci kāraṇa’’</span>nti. Okāso ṭhānanti ca kāraṇaṃ vuccati ‘‘aṭṭhānametaṃ anavakāso’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 3.161; ma. ni. 3.128-131; a. ni. 1.268-295; vibha. 809). <span class="bld">Yadākaṅkhasīti na vadanti</span> anavasesadhammavisayattā paṭiññāya. <span class="bld">Tumha</span>nti tumhākaṃ. <span class="bld">Yakkha…pe… paribbājakāna</span>nti ettha ‘‘pucchāvuso, yadākaṅkhasī’’tiādīni (saṃ. ni. 1.246; su. ni. āḷavakasutta) pucchāvacanāni yathākkamaṃ yojetabbāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ñatvā</span> <a name="V2.0191"></a> <span class="bld">sayaṃ lokamimaṃ parañcā</span>ti idaṃ mahāsatto nirayaṃ saggañca tesaṃ paccakkhato dassetvā āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Taggha te ahamakkhissaṃ, yathāpi kusalo tathā</span>ti yathā pakārena sukusalo sabbaññū jānāti katheti, tathā ahaṃ kathessāmi. Tassa pana kāraṇaṃ akāraṇañca avijānanto rājānaṃ karotu vā mā vā, ahaṃ pana te akkhissāmīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘rājā ca kho…pe… na vā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kathitaniyāmeneva kathento</span>ti teparivaṭṭakathāya dukkhalakkhaṇampesa kathessati, idha pana aññathā sāvakena assajinā kathitaṃ, aññathā samaṇena gotamenāti vacanokāsapariharaṇatthaṃ dukkhalakkhaṇaṃ anāmasitvā therena kathitaniyāmeneva aniccānattalakkhaṇameva kathentena bhagavatā – ‘‘rūpaṃ anattā yāva viññāṇaṃ anattā’’ti vutte saccako taṃ asampaṭicchanto upamāya atthañāpane upamāpamāṇaṃ yathā ‘‘go viya gavayo’’ti attānaṃ upameyyaṃ katvā upamāpamāṇena patiṭṭhāpetukāmo āha <span class="bld">‘‘upamā maṃ, bho gotama, paṭibhātī’’</span>ti, upamaṃ te karissāmi, upamāyapidhekacce viññū purisā bhāsitassa atthaṃ ājānantīti adhippāyo. Bhagavā upamāsatena, aññena vāpi pamāṇena tava attā patiṭṭhāpetuṃ na labbhā attano viya pamāṇassapi anupalabbhanatoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘paṭibhātu taṃ aggivessanā’’</span>ti. Yathā hi attā nāma koci paramatthato na upalabbhati ekaṃsena anupaladdhito, evassa ñāpakapuggalaṃ pamāṇampi na upalabbhati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘āhara taṃ</span> <a name="M2.0205"></a> <span class="bld">upamaṃ vissattho’’</span>ti, na tena tava attavādo patiṭṭhaṃ labhatīti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yaṃ diṭṭhaṃ kāyikaṃ vā puññāpuññaṃ purisapuggale upalabbhati, tena viññāyati <span class="bld">rūpattāyaṃ purisapuggalo,</span> tathā yaṃ diṭṭhaṃ sukhadukkhapaṭisaṃvedanaṃ purisapuggale upalabbhati, yaṃ diṭṭhaṃ nīlādisañjānanaṃ, yaṃ diṭṭhaṃ rajjanadussanādi, yaṃ diṭṭhaṃ ārammaṇapaṭivijānanaṃ purisapuggale upalabbhati, tena viññāyati <span class="bld">viññāṇattāyaṃ purisapuggalo</span>ti. Evaṃ rūpādilakkhaṇo attā tattha tattha kāye kalyāṇapāpakānaṃ kammānaṃ vipākaṃ sukhadukkhaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti, evañcetaṃ sampaṭicchitabbaṃ, aññathā kammaphalasambandho na yujjeyyāti imamatthaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘iminā kiṃ dīpetī’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">te</span>ti sattā. <span class="bld">Patiṭṭhāyā</span>ti nissāya. ‘‘Rūpattāyaṃ purisapuggalo’’tiādinā rūpādidhamme ‘‘attā’’ti vatvā puna ‘‘rūpe patiṭṭhāyā’’tiādiṃ vadanto ayaṃ nigaṇṭho attano vādaṃ bhindati patiṭṭhānassa, patiṭṭhāyakassa ca abhedadīpanato. Rūpādayo <a name="V2.0192"></a> vedanādisabhāvā attā tannissayena puññādikiriyāsamupaladdhito idha yaṃ nissāya puññādikiriyā samupalabbhati, te rūpādayo sattasaññitā attasabhāvā diṭṭhā yathā taṃ devatādīsu, ye pana sattasaññitā tato aññe asattasabhāvā diṭṭhā yathā taṃ kaṭṭhakaliṅgarādīsūti evaṃ sādhetabbaṃ atthaṃ sahetuṃ katvā dassento nigaṇṭho nidassanaṃ ānesīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ativiya sakāraṇaṃ katvā upamaṃ āharī’’</span>ti. Tassa pana ‘‘balakaraṇīyā’’ti vuttapurisappayogā viya bījagāmabhūtagāmāpi sajīvā evāti laddhīti te sadisūdāharaṇabhāvena vuttāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Sace pana ye jīvassa ādhāraṇabhāvena sahitena pavattetabbabhāvena sallakkhetabbā, te sajīvāti icchitā, na kevalena pavattetabbabhāvena. Evaṃ sati ‘‘balakaraṇīyā kammantā’’ti vadantena visadisūdāharaṇabhāvena upanītanti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samattho nāma natthi</span> attavādabhañjanassa anattatāpatiṭṭhāpanassa ca sugatāveṇikattā. Yaṃ panetarahi sāsanikā yathāsatti tadubhayaṃ karonti, taṃ buddhehi dinnanaye ṭhatvā tesaṃ desanānusārato. <span class="bld">Nivattetvā</span>ti <a name="M2.0206"></a> nīharitvā, visuṃ katvāti attho. <span class="bld">Sakalaṃ vesāli</span>nti sabbavesālivāsinaṃ janaṃ nissayūpacārena nissitaṃ vadati yathā ‘‘gāmo āgato’’ti. <span class="bld">Saṃvaṭṭitvā</span>ti sampiṇḍitvā, ekajjhaṃ gahetvāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para357"></a><a name="para357_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">357</span>. <span class="bld">Patiṭṭhapetvā</span>ti yathā taṃ vādaṃ na avajānāti, evaṃ paṭiññaṃ kāretvāti attho. <span class="bld">Ghāti</span>-saddo hiṃsanattho, tato ca saddavidū arahatthaṃ tāya-saddaṃ uppādetvā ghātetāyanti rūpasiddhiṃ icchantīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ghātāraha’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Jāpetāya</span>ntiādīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Vattituñca marahatī</span>ti ma-kāro padasandhikaro. <span class="bld">Visesetvā dīpetī</span>ti ‘‘vattati’’icceva avatvā ‘‘vattituñca marahatī’’ti dutiyena padena bhagavatā vuttaṃ visesetvā dīpeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pāsādikaṃ abhirūpa</span>nti abhimatarūpasampannaṃ sabbāvayavaṃ. Tato eva susajjitaṃ sabbakālaṃ suṭṭhu sajjitākārameva. <span class="bld">Evaṃvidha</span>nti yādisaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ, taṃ dasseti <span class="bld">‘‘dubbaṇṇa’’</span>ntiādinā. <span class="bld">Imasmiṃ ṭhāne</span>ti ‘‘vattati te tasmiṃ rūpe vaso’’ti etasmiṃ kāraṇaggahaṇe. Kāraṇañhetaṃ bhagavatā gahitaṃ ‘‘vattati…pe… mā ahosī’’ti. Tenetaṃ dasseti rūpaṃ anattā avasavattanato, yañhi vase na vattati, taṃ anattakameva diṭṭhaṃ yathā taṃ sampatti. <span class="bld">Vāda</span>nti dosaṃ niggahaṃ āropessati. <span class="bld">Sattadhā muddhā phalatī</span>ti sahadhammikasākacchāhi tathāgate, pucchante abyākaraṇena vihesāya kayiramānattā tatiye vāre dhammatāvasena vihesakassa sattadhā muddhā phalati yathā taṃ sabbaññupaṭiññāya bhagavato sammukhabhāvūpagamane. Vajirapāṇi <a name="V2.0193"></a> pana kasmā ṭhito hotīti? Bhagavā viya anukampamāno mahantaṃ bhayānakaṃ rūpaṃ māpetvā tāsetvā imaṃ diṭṭhiṃ vissajjāpemīti tassa purato ākāse vajiraṃ āharanto tiṭṭhati, na muddhaṃ phāletukāmo. Na hi bhagavato purato kassaci anattho nāma hoti. Yasmā pana bhagavā ekaṃsato sahadhammikameva pañhaṃ pucchati, tasmā <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathāyaṃ ‘‘pucchite’’</span>icceva vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āditta</span>nti dippamānaṃ. <span class="bld">Akkhināsādīnī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena eḷakasīsasadisakesamassuādīnaṃ saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">‘‘Diṭṭhivissajjāpanattha’’</span>nti vatvā nayidaṃ yadicchāvasena <a name="M2.0207"></a> āgamanaṃ, atha kho ādito mahābrahmānaṃ purato katvā attanā katapaṭiññāvasenāti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘apicā’’</span>tiādimāha. Nti vajirapāṇiṃ. <span class="bld">Taṃ</span> saccakassa paṭiññāya parivattana<span class="bld">kāraṇaṃ. Aññepi nu kho</span>tiādi saccakassa vīmaṃsakabhāvadassanaṃ. Avīmaṃsakena hi taṃ disvā mahāyakkhoti vadeyya, tenassa asāruppaṃ siyā, ayaṃ pana aññesaṃ abhītabhāvaṃ upadhāretvā ‘‘addhāme yakkhaṃ na passanti, tasmā mayhameva bhayaṃ uppanna’’nti tīretvā yuttappattavasena paṭipajji.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para358"></a><a name="para358_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">358</span>. <span class="bld">Upadhāretvā</span>ti byākātabbamatthaṃ sallakkhetvā. <span class="bld">Eseva nayo</span>ti saṅkhāraviññāṇesupi saññāya viya nayoti attho. <span class="bld">Vuttavipariyāyenā</span>ti ‘‘akusalā dukkhā vedanā mā ahosi, akusalā domanassasampayuttā saññā mā ahosī’’tiādinā nayena attho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Sappadaṭṭhavisa</span>nti sabbasattānaṃ sappadaṭṭhaṭṭhāne sarīrapadese patitaṃ visaṃ. <span class="bld">Allīno</span>ti saṃsiliṭṭho. <span class="bld">Upagato</span>ti na apagato. <span class="bld">Ajjhosito</span>ti gilitvā pariniṭṭhapetvā ṭhito. <span class="bld">Parito jāneyyā</span>ti samantato sabbaso kiñcipi asesetvā jāneyya. <span class="bld">Parikkhepetvā</span>ti āyatiṃ anuppattidhammatāpādanavasena sabbaso khepetvā. Tathābhūto cassa khayavayaṃ upaneti nāmāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘khayaṃ vayaṃ anuppādaṃ upanetvā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para359"></a><a name="para359_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">359</span>. Attano vādassa asārabhāvato, yathāparikappitassa vā sārassa abhāvato antosāravirahito <span class="bld">ritto. Vippakāra</span>nti diṭṭhiyā sīlācārassa ca vasena virūpataṃ sāparādhataṃ sāvajjataṃ tesaṃ upari āropetvā. <span class="bld">Sinnapatto</span>ti tanukapatto. <span class="bld">Viphārita</span>nti viphāḷitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Asārakarukkhaparicito</span>ti palāsādiasārarukkhakoṭṭane kataparicayo. <span class="bld">Thaddhabhāva</span>nti vipakkabhāvaṃ, tikkhabhāvanti attho. <span class="bld">Natthī</span>ti sadā natthīti na vattabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Parisatī</span>ti catuparisamajjhe<a name="V2.0194"></a>. Tathā hi <span class="bld">‘‘gaṇṭhikaṃ paṭimuñcitvā paṭicchannasarīrā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Yantāruḷhassa viyā</span>ti byākaraṇatthaṃ vāyamayantaṃ āruḷhassa viya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para360"></a><a name="para360_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">360</span>. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhivisūkānī</span>ti <a name="M2.0208"></a> diṭṭhikiñcakāni. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhisañcaritānī</span>ti diṭṭhitāḷanāni. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhivipphanditānī</span>ti diṭṭhiiñjitāni. <span class="bld">Tesaṃ adhippāyaṃ ñatvā</span>ti tesaṃ licchavikumārānaṃ iñjiteneva ajjhāsayaṃ jānitvā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ime’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para361"></a><a name="para361_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">361</span>. Yasmiṃ adhigate puggalo satthusāsane visārado hoti parehi asaṃhāriyo, taṃ ñāṇaṃ visāradassa bhāvoti katvā <span class="bld">vesārajja</span>nti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vesārajjappattoti ñāṇappatto’’</span>ti. Tato evamassa na paro paccetabbo etassa atthīti <span class="bld">aparappaccayo</span>. Na paro pattiyo saddahātabbo etassa atthīti <span class="bld">aparappattiyo</span>. Kāmaṃ saccako sekkhabhūmi asekkhabhūmīti idaṃ sāsanavohāraṃ na jānāti. Passatīti pana dassanakiriyāya vippakatabhāvassa vuttattā ‘‘na ettāvatā bhikkhukiccaṃ pariyosita’’nti aññāsi, tasmā puna ‘‘kittāvatā panā’’ti pucchaṃ ārabhi. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘passatīti vuttattā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathābhūtaṃ passatīti dassanaṃ, visiṭṭhaṭṭhena anuttariyaṃ, dassanameva anuttariyanti <span class="bld">dassanānuttariyaṃ,</span> dassanesu vā anuttariyaṃ <span class="bld">dassanānuttariyaṃ</span>. <span class="bld">Lokiyapaññā</span>ti cettha vipassanāpaññā veditabbā. Sā hi sabbalokiyapaññāhi visiṭṭhaṭṭhena ‘‘anuttarā’’ti vuttā. Lokiyapaṭipadānuttariyesupi eseva nayo. Idāni nippariyāyatova tividhampi anuttariyaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘suddhalokuttaramevā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Satipi sabbesampi lokuttaradhammānaṃ anuttarabhāve ukkaṭṭhaniddesena aggamaggapaññā tato uttaritarassa abhāvato <span class="bld">dassanānuttariyaṃ</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘arahattamaggasammādiṭṭhī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sesāni maggaṅgānī</span>ti sesāni arahattamaggaṅgāni. Tāni hi matthakappattāni nibbānagāminī paṭipadāti. <span class="bld">Aggaphalavimuttī</span>ti aggamaggassa phalavimutti arahattaphalaṃ. <span class="bld">Khīṇāsavassā</span>ti sabbaso khīyamānāsavassa. <span class="bld">Nibbānadassana</span>nti aggamaggasammādiṭṭhiyā sacchikiriyābhisamayamāha. Tattha <span class="bld">maggaṅgānī</span>ti aṭṭha maggaṅgāni. Catusaccantogadhattā sabbassa ñeyyadhammassa <span class="bld">‘‘cattāri saccāni buddho’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Saccānugatasammohaviddhaṃsaneneva hi bhagavato sabbaso ñeyyāvaraṇappahānaṃ. <span class="bld">Nibbisevano</span>ti niruddhakilesavisevano.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para362"></a><a name="para362_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">362</span>. <span class="bld">Dhaṃsī</span>ti anuddhaṃsanasīlā. <span class="bld">Anupahata</span>nti avikkhittaṃ. <span class="bld">Sakala</span>nti anūnaṃ. <span class="bld">Kāyaṅga</span>nti <a name="V2.0195"></a> kāyameva aṅganti vadanti, kāyasaṅkhātaṃ aṅgaṃ sīsādiavayavanti <a name="M2.0209"></a> attho. Tathā ‘‘hotu, sādhū’’ti evamidaṃ vācāya avayavo <span class="bld">vācaṅga</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para363"></a><a name="para363_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">363</span>. <span class="bld">Āharantī</span>ti abhiharanti. <span class="bld">Puñña</span>nti puññaphalasaṅkhāto ānubhāvo. Puññaphalampi hi uttarapadalopena ‘‘puñña’’nti vuccati – ‘‘kusalānaṃ, bhikkhave, dhammānaṃ samādānahetu evamidaṃ puññaṃ pavaḍḍhatī’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 3.80). Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘āyatiṃ vipākakkhandhā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Puññamahī</span>ti mahati puññaphalavibhūti setacchattamakuṭacāmarādi. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vipākakkhandhānaṃyeva parivāro’’</span>ti. Licchavīhi pesitena khādanīyabhojanīyena samaṇo gotamo sasāvakasaṅgho mayā parivisito, tasmā licchavīnameva taṃ puññaṃ hotīti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘taṃ dāyakānaṃ sukhāya hotū’’</span>ti. Yasmā pana bhagavato bhikkhusaṅghassa ca saccakena dānaṃ dinnaṃ, na licchavīhi, tasmā bhagavā saccakassa satiṃ parivattento <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ kho’’</span>tiādimāha. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘iti bhagavā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Nigaṇṭhassa matena vināyevā</span>ti saccakassa cittena vinā eva tassa dakkhiṇaṃ khettagataṃ katvā dasseti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘attano dinnaṃ dakkhiṇaṃ…pe… niyyātesī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="centered">Cūḷasaccakasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.</p>
<p class="subhead">6. Mahāsaccakasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para364"></a><a name="para364_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">364</span>. <span class="bld">Ekaṃ</span> <a name="V2.0196"></a> <span class="bld">samayaṃ bhagavā vesāliyaṃ viharatī</span>ti iminā tadā bhagavato vesāliyaṃ nivāsaparicchinno pubbaṇhādibhedo sabbo samayo sādhāraṇato gahito, tathā <span class="bld">tena kho pana samayenā</span>ti ca iminā. <span class="bld">Pubbaṇhasamaya</span>nti pana iminā tabbiseso, yo bhikkhācāratthāya paccavekkhaṇakālo. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> pana <span class="bld">‘‘tīhi padehi ekova samayo vutto’’</span>ti vuttaṃ visesassa sāmaññantogadhattā. Mukhadhovanassa pubbakālakiriyābhāvasāmaññato vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘mukhaṃ dhovitvā’’</span>ti. Mukhaṃ dhovitvā eva hi vāsadhuro ce, velaṃ sallakkhetvā yathāciṇṇaṃ bhāvanānuyogaṃ, ganthadhuro ce, ganthaparicaye katipaye nisajjavāre anuyuñjitvā pattacīvaraṃ ādāya vitakkamāḷaṃ upagacchati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāraṇaṃ</span> <a name="M2.0210"></a> yuttaṃ, anucchavikanti attho. Pubbe yathācintitaṃ pañhaṃ apucchitvā aññaṃ pucchanto maggaṃ ṭhapetvā ummaggato parivattento viya hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘passena tāva pariharanto’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para365"></a><a name="para365_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">365</span>. <span class="bld">Ūrukkhambhopi nāma bhavissatī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">nāma</span>-saddo vimhayatthoti katvā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vimhayatthavasenā’’</span>tiādi. ‘‘Andho nāma pabbataṃ abhiruhissatī’’tiādīsu viya vimhayavācīsaddayogena hi ‘‘bhavissatī’’ti anāgatavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Kāyanvaya</span>nti kāyānugataṃ. ‘‘Ayampi kho kāyo evaṃdhammo evaṃbhāvī evaṃanatīto’’tiādinā (dī. ni. 2.379; ma. ni. 1.112; ma. ni. 3.154) kāyassa asubhāniccāditāya anupassanā kāyabhāvanāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kāyabhāvanāti pana vipassanā vuccatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Anāgatarūpa</span>nti abhīte atthe anāgatasaddāropanaṃ anāgatappayogo na sameti. <span class="bld">Atthopī</span>ti ‘‘ūrukkhambhopi nāma bhavissatī’’ti vuttaatthopi na sameti. <span class="bld">Aya</span>nti attakilamathānuyogo. <span class="bld">Tesa</span>nti nigaṇṭhānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para366"></a><a name="para366_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">366</span>. Attano adhippetakāyabhāvanaṃ vitthārento vitthārato dassento ye taṃ anuyuttā, te nāmagottato vibhāvento <span class="bld">‘‘nando vaccho’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Kiliṭṭhatapāna</span>nti kāyassa kilesanatapānaṃ puggalānaṃ. <span class="bld">Jātameda</span>nti medabhāvāpattivasena uppannamedaṃ. <span class="bld">Purimaṃ pahāyā</span>ti kālaparicchedena anāhāraappāhāratādivasena kāyassa apacinanaṃ khedanaṃ pariccajitvā. <span class="bld">Kāyabhāvanā</span> <a name="V2.0197"></a> <span class="bld">pana na paññāyatī</span>ti niyamaṃ paramatthato kāyabhāvanāpi tava ñāṇena na ñāyati, sesatopi na dissati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para367"></a><a name="para367_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">367</span>. <span class="bld">Imasmiṃ pana ṭhāne</span>ti ‘‘kāyabhāvanampi kho tvaṃ, aggivessana, na aññāsi, kuto pana tvaṃ cittabhāvanaṃ jānissasī’’ti imasmiṃ ṭhāne. Tathā ‘‘yo tvaṃ evaṃ oḷārikaṃ dubbalaṃ kāyabhāvanaṃ na jānāsi, so tvaṃ kuto santasukhumaṃ cittabhāvanaṃ jānissasī’’ti etasmiṃ atthavaṇṇanāṭhāne. <span class="bld">Abuddhavacanaṃ nāmetaṃ pada</span>nti kāyabhāvanāsaññitavipassanāto cittabhāvanā santā, vipassanā pana pādakajjhānato oḷārikā ceva dubbalā cāti ayañca etassa padassa attho. ‘‘Abuddhavacanaṃ nāmetaṃ vacanaṃ <a name="M2.0211"></a> siyā’’ti vatvā thero pakkamituṃ ārabhati. Atha naṃ mahāsīvatthero ‘‘vipassanā nāmesā na ādito subrūhitā balavatī tikkhā visadā hoti, tasmā taruṇavasenāyamattho veditabbo’’ti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘dissati, bhikkhave’’</span>ti suttapadaṃ (saṃ. ni. 2.62) āhari. Tattha <span class="bld">ādāna</span>nti paṭisandhi. <span class="bld">Nikkhepana</span>nti cuti. <span class="bld">Oḷārika</span>nti arūpadhammehi duṭṭhullabhāvattā oḷārikaṃ. <span class="bld">Kāya</span>nti catusantatirūpasamūhabhūtaṃ kāyaṃ. <span class="bld">Oḷārika</span>nti bhāvanapuṃsakaniddeso, oḷārikākārenāti attho. Teneva vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ādānampi nikkhepanampī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para368"></a><a name="para368_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">368</span>. <span class="bld">Sukhasārāgena samannāgato</span>ti sukhavedanāya balavatararāgena samaṅgībhūto. <span class="bld">Paṭṭhāne paṭisiddhā</span> avacaneneva. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti sukhe ṭhite eva dukkhassānuppajjanato. <span class="bld">Evaṃ vutta</span>nti ‘‘sukhāya vedanāya nirodhā uppajjati dukkhā vedanā’’ti evaṃ vuttaṃ, na anantarāva uppajjanato. <span class="bld">Khepetvā</span>ti kusalāni khepetvā. <span class="bld">Gaṇhitvā</span> attano eva okāsaṃ gahetvā. <span class="bld">Ubhatopakkhaṃ hutvā</span>ti ‘‘kadāci sukhavedanā, kadāci dukkhavedanā’’ti pakkhadvayavasenapi vedanā cittassa pariyādāya hoti yathākkamaṃ abhāvitakāyassa abhāvitacittassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para369"></a><a name="para369_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">369</span>. <span class="bld">Vipassanā ca sukhassa paccanīkā</span>ti sukkhavipassakassaādikammikassa mahābhūtapariggahādikāle bahi cittacāraṃ nisedhetvā kammaṭṭhāne eva satiṃ saṃharantassa aladdhassādaṃ kāyasukhaṃ na vindati, sambādhe vaje sanniruddho gogaṇo viya vihaññati vipphandati, accāsannahetukañca sarīre dukkhaṃ uppajjateva. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘dukkhassa āsannā’’</span>ti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vipassanaṃ paṭṭhapetvā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Addhāne gacchante gacchante</span>ti mahābhūtapariggahādivasena kāle gacchante. <span class="bld">Tattha tatthā</span>ti tasmiṃ tasmiṃ sarīrapadese. <span class="bld">Dukkhaṃ dūrāpagataṃ hoti</span> samāpattibalena vikkhambhitattā appanābhāvato. <span class="bld">Anappakaṃ</span> vipulaṃ. <span class="bld">Sukha</span>nti jhānasukhaṃ<a name="V2.0198"></a>. <span class="bld">Okkamatī</span>ti jhānasamuṭṭhānapaṇītarūpavasena rūpakāyaṃ anupavisati, nāmakāyokkamane vattabbameva natthi. Kāyapassaddhikammikassapi sammasanabhāvanā paṭṭhapetvā nisinnassa kassaci āditova kāyakilamathacittupaghātāpi sambhavanti, samādhissa pana apaccanīkattā siniddhabhāvato ca <a name="M2.0212"></a> na sukkhavipassanā viya sukhassa vipaccanīko, anukkamena ca dukkhaṃ vikkhambhetīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yathā samādhī’’</span>ti. Yathā samādhi, vipassanāya panetaṃ natthīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘na ca tathā vipassanā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tena vutta</span>nti yasmā vipassanā sukhassa paccanīkā, sā ca kāyabhāvanā, tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘uppannāpi sukhā vedanā cittaṃ na pariyādāya tiṭṭhati, bhāvitattā kāyassā’’</span>ti. Tathā yasmā samādhi dukkhassa paccanīko, so ca cittabhāvanā, tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘uppannāpi dukkhā vedanā cittaṃ na pariyādāya tiṭṭhati, bhāvitattā cittassā’’</span>ti yojanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para370"></a><a name="para370_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">370</span>. <span class="bld">Guṇe ghaṭṭetvā</span>ti apadesena vinā samīpameva netvā. Taṃ vata mama cittaṃ uppannā sukhā vedanā pariyādāya ṭhassatīti netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjatīti yojanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para371"></a><a name="para371_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">371</span>. <span class="bld">Kiṃ na bhavissati,</span> sukhāpi dukkhāpi vedanā yathāpaccayaṃ uppajjatevāti attho. <span class="bld">Tamattha</span>nti sukhadukkhavedanānaṃ uppattiyā attano cittassa anabhibhavanīyatāsaṅkhātaṃ atthaṃ. <span class="bld">Tattha</span> tāva pāsarāsisutte <span class="bld">bodhipallaṅke nisajjā</span> ‘‘tattheva nisīdi’’nti vuttā. <span class="bld">Idha</span> mahāsaccakasutte <span class="bld">dukkarakārikāya</span> dukkaracaraṇe <span class="bld">nisajjā</span> ‘‘tattheva nisīdi’’nti vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para374"></a><a name="para374_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">374</span>. <span class="bld">Chandakaraṇavasenā</span>ti taṇhāyanavasenāti attho. <span class="bld">Sinehakaraṇavasenā</span>ti sinehanavasena. <span class="bld">Mucchākaraṇavasenā</span>ti mohanavasena pamādāpādanena. <span class="bld">Vipāsākaraṇavasenā</span>ti pātukamyatāvasena. <span class="bld">Anudahanavasenā</span>ti rāgagginā anudahanavasena. <span class="bld">Lokuttaramaggavevacanameva</span> vaṭṭanissaraṇassa adhippetattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Allaggahaṇena kilesānaṃ asamucchinnabhāvaṃ dasseti, sasnehaggahaṇena avikkhambhitabhāvaṃ, udake pakkhittabhāvaggahaṇena samudācārāvatthaṃ, udumbarakaṭṭhaggahaṇena attabhāvassa asārakattaṃ. <span class="bld">Imināva nayenā</span>ti ‘‘allaṃ udumbarakaṭṭha’’ntiādinā vuttanayena. <span class="bld">Saputtabhariyapabbajjāyā</span>ti puttabhariyehi saddhiṃ kataparibbājakapabbajjāvasena veditabbā. Kuṭīcakabahūdakahaṃsa-paramahaṃsādibhedā <span class="bld">brāhmaṇapabbajjā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para376"></a><a name="para376_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">376</span>. Kutopi <a name="M2.0213"></a><a name="V2.0199"></a> imassa āposineho natthīti <span class="bld">koḷāpaṃ</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘chinnasinehaṃ nirāpa’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Koḷa</span>nti vā sukkhakaliṅgaraṃ vuccati, koḷaṃ koḷabhāvaṃ āpannanti <span class="bld">koḷāpaṃ</span>. Paṭipannassa upakkamamahattanissitatā pakatiyā kilesehi anabhibhūtatāya. <span class="bld">Atintatā</span> paṭipakkhabhāvanāya. Tathā hi sukkhakoḷāpabhāvo, ārakā udakā thale nikkhittabhāvo ca nidassito. <span class="bld">Opakkamikāhī</span>ti kilesaatiniggaṇhanupakkamappabhavāhi. <span class="bld">Vedanāhī</span>ti paṭipattivedanāhi. Dukkhā paṭipadā hi idhādhippetā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para377"></a><a name="para377_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">377</span>. <span class="bld">Kiṃ pana na samattho,</span> yato evaṃ parehi cintitumpi asakkuṇeyyaṃ dukkaracariyaṃ chabbassāni akāsīti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Katvāpi akatvāpi samatthova</span> kāraṇassa nipphannattā. ‘‘Yathāpi sabbesampi kho bodhisattānaṃ carimabhave antamaso sattāhamattampi dhammatāvasena dukkaracariyā hotiyeva, evaṃ bhagavā samattho dukkaracariyaṃ kātuṃ, evañca naṃ akāsi, na pana tāya buddho jāto, atha kho majjhimāya eva paṭipattiyā’’ti tassā byatirekamukhena sadevakassa lokassa bodhāya amaggabhāvadīpanatthaṃ, imassa pana bhagavato kammavipākavasena chabbassāni dukkaracariyā ahosi. Vuttañhetaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Avacāhaṃ jotipālo, kassapaṃ sugataṃ tadā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Kuto nu bodhi muṇḍassa, bodhi paramadullabhā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Tena kammavipākena, acariṃ dukkaraṃ bahuṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Chabbassānuruvelāyaṃ, tato bodhimapāpuṇiṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Nāhaṃ etena maggena, pāpuṇiṃ bodhimuttamaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Kumaggena gavesissaṃ, pubbakammena vārito’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dukkaracariyāya bodhāya amaggabhāvadassanatthaṃ dukkaracariyaṃ akāsīti keci. Atha vā lokanāthassa attano parakkamasampattidassanatthāya dukkaracariyā. Paṇītādhimuttiyā hi paramukkaṃsagatabhāvato abhinīhārānurūpaṃ sambodhiyaṃ tibbachandatāya sikhāppattiyā tadatthaṃ īdisampi nāma dukkaracariyaṃ akāsīti loke attano vīriyānubhāvaṃ vibhāvetuṃ – ‘‘so ca me pacchā pītisomanassāvaho bhavissatī’’ti lokanātho dukkaracariyaṃ <a name="M2.0214"></a> akāsi. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sadevakassa lokassā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">vīriyanimmathanaguṇo</span>ti vīriyassa saṃvaḍḍhanasampādanaguṇo. Yathāvuttamatthaṃ <a name="V2.0200"></a> upamāya vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pāsāde’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṅgāme dve tayo sampahāre</span>ti dvikkhattuṃ tikkhattuṃ vā parasenāya pahārapayoge. <span class="bld">Padhānavīriya</span>nti sammappadhānehi āsevanavīriyaṃ, sabbaṃ vā pubbabhāgavīriyaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Abhidanta</span>nti abhibhavanadantaṃ, uparidantanti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘uparidanta’’</span>nti. So hi itaraṃ musalaṃ viya udukkhalaṃ visesato kassaci khādanakāle abhibhuyya vattati. <span class="bld">Kusalacittenā</span>ti balavasammāsaṅkappayuttena kusalacittena. <span class="bld">Akusalacitta</span>nti kāmavitakkādisahitaṃ akusalacittaṃ. Akusalacittassa pavattituṃ appadānaṃ <span class="bld">niggaho</span>. Taṃtaṃpaṭikkhepavasena vinodanaṃ <span class="bld">abhinippīḷanaṃ</span>. Vīriyatāpena vikkhambhanaṃ <span class="bld">abhisantāpanaṃ. Sadaratho</span>ti sapariḷāho. <span class="bld">Padhānenā</span>ti padahanena, kāyassa kilamathuppādakena vīriyenāti attho. <span class="bld">Viddhassā</span>ti tudassa. <span class="bld">Sato</span>ti samānassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para378"></a><a name="para378_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">378</span>. <span class="bld">Sīsaveṭhana</span>nti sīsaṃ rajjuyā bandhitvā daṇḍakena parivattakaveṭhanaṃ. <span class="bld">Arahanto nāma evarūpā hontī</span>ti iminā yathāyaṃ, evaṃ visaññībhūtāpi hutvā viharantīti dasseti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘matakasadisā’’</span>ti, vedanāppattā viya hontīti attho. <span class="bld">Supinappaṭiggahaṇato paṭṭhāyā</span>ti paṭisandhiggahaṇe setavāraṇasupinaṃ passitvā brāhmaṇehi byākatakālato paṭṭhāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para379"></a><a name="para379_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">379</span>. Dhammasarīrassa arogabhāvena sādhūti marisaniyoti <span class="bld">māriso,</span> piyāyanavacanametaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sampiyāyamānā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Ajajjita</span>nti evaṃ abhuñjitaṃ bhakārassa jakārādesaṃ katvā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘abhojana’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Evaṃ mā karitthā</span>ti ‘‘lomakūpehi ajjhohāressāma anuppavesessāmā’’ti yathā tumhehi vuttaṃ, evaṃ mā karittha. Kasmā? <span class="bld">Yāpessāmaha</span>nti ahañca yāvadatthaṃ āhāramattaṃ bhuñjanto yathā yāpessāmi, evaṃ āhāraṃ paṭisevissāmi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para380-81"></a><a name="para380-81_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">380-81</span>. <span class="bld">Etāva parama</span>nti ettakaṃ paramaṃ, na ito paraṃ opakkamikadukkhavedanāvediyanaṃ atthīti attho. Rañño gahetabbanaṅgalato aññāni sandhāya <a name="M2.0215"></a> <span class="bld">‘‘ekena ūna’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. Taṃ suvaṇṇaparikkhataṃ, itarāni rajataparikkhatāni. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘amaccā ekenūnaaṭṭhasatarajatanaṅgalānī’’</span>ti. Āḷārudakasamāgame laddhajjhānāni vaṭṭapādakāni, ānāpānasamādhi pana kāyagatāsatipariyāpannattā sabbesañca bodhisattānaṃ vipassanāpādakattā ‘‘bodhāya maggo’’ti vutto. <span class="bld">Bujjhanatthāyā</span>ti catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ, sabbasseva vā ñeyyadhammassa abhisambujjhanāya<a name="V2.0201"></a>. Satiyā anussaraṇakaviññāṇaṃ <span class="bld">satānusāriviññāṇaṃ</span>. Kassā pana satiyāti taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘nayida’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para382"></a><a name="para382_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">382</span>. <span class="bld">Paccupaṭṭhitā</span>ti taṃtaṃvattakaraṇavasena patiupaṭṭhitā upaṭṭhāyakā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘paṇṇasālā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Paccayabāhulliko</span>ti paccayānaṃ bāhullāya paṭipanno. <span class="bld">Āvatto</span>ti pubbe paccayagedhappahānāya paṭipanno, idāni tato paṭinivatto. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘rasagiddho…pe… āvatto’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Dhammaniyāmenā</span>ti dhammatāya. Tameva dhammataṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘bodhisattassā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Bārāṇasimeva</span> tatthāpi ca sabbabuddhānaṃ avijahitadhammacakkapavattanaṭṭhānameva <span class="bld">agamaṃsu</span>. Pañcavaggiyā kira visākhamāsassa addhamāsiyaṃ gatā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tesu gatesu aḍḍhamāsaṃ kāyavivekaṃ labhitvā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para387"></a><a name="para387_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">387</span>. ‘‘Addhābhoto gotamassa sāvakācittabhāvanānuyogamanuyuttā viharanti, no kāyabhāvana’’nti imaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘ekaṃ pañhaṃ pucchi’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Imaṃ dhammadesana</span>nti ‘‘abhijānāmi kho panāha’’ntiādikaṃ dhammadesanaṃ. <span class="bld">Asallīno</span> taṇhādiṭṭhikilesānaṃ samucchinnattā tehi sabbaso na litto. <span class="bld">Anupalitto</span>ti tasseva vevacanaṃ taṇhānandiyā abhāvena. <span class="bld">Gocarajjhattamevā</span>ti gocarajjhattasaññite phalasamāpattiyā ārammaṇe, nibbāneti attho. Yaṃ sandhāya pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘purimasmiṃ samādhinimitte’’ti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">sannisīdāpemī</span>ti phalasamāpattisamādhinā accantasamādānavasena cittaṃ sammadeva nisīdāpemi. <span class="bld">Pubbābhogenā</span>ti samāpajjanato pubbe pavattaābhogena. <span class="bld">Paricchinditvā</span>ti samāpajjanakkhaṇaṃ paricchinditvā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sādhukāra…pe… avicchinneyevā’’</span>ti. Evamassa paricchinnakālasamāpajjanaṃ yathāparicchinnakālaṃ vuṭṭhānañca buddhānaṃ na bhāriyaṃ vasībhāvassa tathāsuppaguṇabhāvatoti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘buddhānaṃ hī’’</span>tiādi. Dhammasampaṭiggāhakānaṃ <span class="bld">assāsavāre</span> vā. Tadā hi desiyamānaṃ dhammaṃ upadhāretuṃ na <a name="M2.0216"></a> sakkonti, tasmā tasmiṃ khaṇe desitadesanā niratthakā siyā. Na hi buddhānaṃ niratthakā kiriyā atthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Okappanīyameta</span>nti ‘‘tassā eva kathāyā’’tiādinā vuttaṃ ativiya acchariyagataṃ aṭṭhuppattiṃ sutvā īdisī paṭipatti sammāsambuddhasseva hotīti upavādavasena vadati, na sabhāvena. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘satthari pasādamattampi na uppanna’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Kāyadaratho</span>ti paccayavisesavasena rūpakāyassa parissamākāro. <span class="bld">Upādinnake</span>ti indriyabaddhe. <span class="bld">Anupādinnake</span>ti anindriyabaddhe. <span class="bld">Vikasanti</span> sūriyarasmisamphassena. Tadabhāvena <span class="bld">makulāni honti. Kesañci</span> tintinikādirukkhānaṃ<a name="V2.0202"></a>. <span class="bld">Patilīyanti</span> nissayarūpadhammaavipphārikatāya. Arūpadhammatāya pañcaviññāṇānañceva kiriyāmayaviññāṇānañca appavattisaññitā avipphārikatā hoti, yattha niddāsamaññā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘darathavasena bhavaṅgasotañca idha niddāti adhippeta’’</span>nti. Tattha <span class="bld">darathavasenā</span>ti darathavaseneva, na thinamiddhavasenāti avadhāraṇaṃ avadhāraṇaphalañca niddhāretabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Taṃ sandhāyā</span>ti kāyassa darathasaṅkhātasarīragilānahetukaṃ niddaṃ sandhāya. Sarīragilānañca bhagavato natthīti na sakkā vattuṃ ‘‘piṭṭhi me āgilāyatī’’ti (dī. ni. 3.300; ma. ni. 2.22; cūḷava. 345) vacanato. <span class="bld">Sammohavihārasmi</span>nti paccatte etaṃ bhummavacananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sammohavihāroti vadantī’’</span>ti, <span class="bld">sammohavihārasmiṃ</span> vā pariyāpannaṃ etaṃ vadanti, yadidaṃ divā niddokkamananti yojanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para389"></a><a name="para389_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">389</span>. <span class="bld">Upanītehī</span>ti dosamaggaṃ nindāpathaṃ upanītehi. <span class="bld">Abhinanditvā</span>ti sampiyāyitvā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘cittena sampaṭicchanto’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Anumoditvā</span>ti ‘‘sādhu sādhū’’ti desanāya thomanavasena anumoditvā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vācāyapi pasaṃsanto’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sampatte kāle</span>ti pabbajjāyogge kāle anuppatte.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gaṇaṃ vinodetvā</span>ti gaṇaṃ apanetvā gaṇapalibodhaṃ chinditvā. <span class="bld">Papañca</span>nti avasesakilesaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Puññavā rājapūjito’’</span>ti vuttamatthaṃ vivarituṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tasmiñhi kāle’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Chandavāsaharaṇena <span class="bld">uposathakammaṃ karonto</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sakalaṃ <a name="M2.0217"></a> rattiṃ buddhaguṇānaṃyeva kathitattā therassa ñāṇaṃ desanāvibhavañca vibhāvento āha <span class="bld">‘‘ettakāva, bhante, buddhaguṇā’’</span>ti. Imāya, bhante, tumhākaṃ dhammakathāya anavasesato buddhaguṇā kathitā viya jāyanti, evaṃ santepi anantāparimeyyāva te, kiṃ ito parepi vijjantevāti theraṃ tattha sīhanādaṃ nadāpetukāmo āha <span class="bld">‘‘udāhu aññepi atthī’’</span>tiādi. Rajjassa padesikattā, yathāvuttasubhāsitassa ca anagghattā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ayaṃ me duggatapaṇṇākāro’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tiyojanasatika</span>nti idaṃ parikkhepavasena vuttaṃ, tañca kho manussānaṃ paribhogavasenāti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Mahāsaccakasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.</p>
<p class="subhead">7. Cūḷataṇhāsaṅkhayasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para390"></a><a name="para390_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">390</span>. <span class="bld">Tatrā</span>ti <a name="V2.0203"></a> tasmiṃ pubbārāmamigāramātupāsādānaṃ atthavibhāvane <span class="bld">ayaṃ</span> idāni vuccamānā <span class="bld">anupubbī kathā. Maṇīna</span>nti ettha padumarāgamaṇīnaṃ adhippetattā āha <span class="bld">‘‘aññehi cā’’</span>ti. Tena indanīlādimaṇīnaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. Nīlapītalohitodātamañjiṭṭhapabhassarakabaravaṇṇavasena <span class="bld">sattavaṇṇehi</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Taṇhā sabbaso khīyanti etthāti <span class="bld">taṇhāsaṅkhayo</span> (a. ni. ṭī. 3.7.61), tasmiṃ. <span class="bld">Taṇhāsaṅkhaye</span>ti ca visaye idaṃ bhummanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘taṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Vimuttacittatāyā</span>ti sabbasaṃkilesehi vimuttacittatāya. Aparabhāgapaṭipadā nāma ariyasaccābhisamayo, sā sāsanacārigocarā paccattaṃ veditabbatoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pubbabhāgappaṭipadaṃ saṃkhittena desethāti pucchatī’’</span>ti. Akuppadhammatāya khayavayasaṅkhātaṃ antaṃ atītāti accantā, so eva aparihānasabhāvattā accantā niṭṭhā etassāti <span class="bld">accantaniṭṭho</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ekantaniṭṭho satataniṭṭhoti attho’’</span>ti. Na hi paṭividdhassa lokuttaradhammassa dassanaṃ kuppanaṃ nāma atthi. Accantameva catūhi yogehi khemo etassa atthīti <span class="bld">accantayogakkhemī</span>. Maggabrahmacariyassa vusitattā, tassa ca aparihānasabhāvattā accantaṃ brahmacārīti <a name="M2.0218"></a> <span class="bld">accantabrahmacārī</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘niccabrahmacārīti attho’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Pariyosāna</span>nti brahmacariyassa pariyosānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vegāyatī</span>ti turitāyati. <span class="bld">Sallakkhesī</span>ti cintesi, attanā yathā sutāya satthu desanāya anussaraṇavasena upadhāresi. <span class="bld">Anuggaṇhitvāvā</span>ti atthavinicchayavasena anuggahetvā eva. Chasu dvāresu niyuttāti <span class="bld">chadvārikā,</span> tehi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pañcakkhandhā</span>ti pañcupādānakkhandhā. Sakkāyasabbañhi sandhāya idha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbe dhammā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ vipassanāvisayassa adhippetattā, tasmā āyatanadhātuyopi taggatikā eva daṭṭhabbā. Tenāha bhagavā ‘‘nālaṃ abhinivesāyā’’ti. <span class="bld">Na yuttā abhinivesāya</span> ‘‘etaṃ mama, eso me attā’’ti ajjhosānāya. ‘‘Alameva nibbindituṃ alaṃ virajjitu’’ntiādīsu (dī. ni. 2.272; saṃ. ni. 2.124-125, 128, 134, 143) viya <span class="bld">alaṃ</span>-saddo yuttatthopi hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘na yuttā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sampajjantī</span>ti bhavanti. Yadipi ‘‘tatiyā, catutthī’’ti idaṃ visuddhidvayaṃ <a name="V2.0204"></a> abhiññāpaññā, tassā pana sappaccayanāmarūpadassanabhāvato, sati ca paccayapariggahe sappaccayattā (nāmarūpassa aniccatā, aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ, dukkhañca anattāti atthato) lakkhaṇattayaṃ supākaṭameva hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ anattāti ñātapariññāya abhijānātī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tatheva tīraṇapariññāyā</span>ti iminā aniccādibhāvena nālaṃ abhinivesāyāti nāmarūpassa upasaṃharati, na abhiññāpaññānaṃ sambhāradhammānaṃ. Purimāya hi atthato āpannalakkhaṇattayaṃ gaṇhāti salakkhaṇasallakkhaṇaparattā tassā, dutiyāya sarūpato tassā lakkhaṇattayāropanavasena sammasanabhāvato. Ekacittakkhaṇikatāya abhinipātamattatāya ca <span class="bld">appamattakampi</span>. Rūpapariggahassa oḷārikabhāvato <span class="bld">arūpapariggahaṃ dasseti</span>. Dassento ca vedanāya āsannabhāvato, visesato sukhasārāgitāya, bhavassādagadhitamānasatāya ca <span class="bld">sakkassa vedanāvasena nibbattetvā dasseti</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uppādavayaṭṭhenā</span>ti udayabbayasabhāvena uppajjitvā nirujjhanena. <span class="bld">Aniccā</span>ti addhu vā. Aniccalakkhaṇaṃ aniccatā udayavayatā. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā pañcannaṃ khandhānaṃ khayato vayato dassanañāṇaṃ aniccānupassanā, taṃsamaṅgī ca puggalo aniccānupassī<a name="M2.0219"></a>, tasmā. <span class="bld">Khayavirāgo</span>ti khayasaṅkhāto virāgo saṅkhārānaṃ palujjanā. Yaṃ āgamma sabbaso saṅkhārehi virajjanā hoti, taṃ nibbānaṃ <span class="bld">accantavirāgo. Nirodhānupassimhipī</span>ti nirodhānupassipadepi. <span class="bld">‘‘Eseva nayo’’</span>ti abhidisitvā taṃ ekadesena vivaranto <span class="bld">‘‘nirodhopi hi…pe… duvidhoyevā’’</span>ti āha. Sabbāsavasaṃvare vuttavossaggova idha ‘‘paṭinissaggo’’ti vuttoti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘paṭinissaggo vuccati vossaggo’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Pariccāgavossaggo</span> vipassanā. Pakkhandanavasena appanato <span class="bld">pakkhandanavossaggo</span> maggo aññassa tadabhāvato. <span class="bld">So</span>ti maggo. <span class="bld">Ārammaṇato</span>ti kiccasādhanavasena ārammaṇakaraṇato. Evañhi maggato aññesaṃ nibbānārammaṇānaṃ pakkhandanavossaggābhāvo siddho hoti. Pariccajanena pakkhandanena cāti <span class="bld">dvīhipi vā kāraṇehi</span>. Sabbesaṃ khandhānaṃ vossajjanaṃ tappaṭibaddhasaṃkilesappahānena daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Cittaṃ pakkhandatī</span>ti maggasampayuttaṃ cittaṃ sandhāyāha. <span class="bld">Ubhayampetaṃ</span> vossajjanaṃ. <span class="bld">Tadubhayasamaṅgī</span>ti vipassanāsamaṅgī maggasamaṅgī ca. ‘‘Aniccānupassanāya niccasaññaṃ pajahatī’’tiādivacanato (paṭi. ma. 1.52) yathā vipassanāya kilesānaṃ pariccāgapaṭinissaggo labbhati, evaṃ āyatiṃ tehi kilesehi uppādetabbakhandhānampi pariccāgapaṭinissaggo vattabbo, pakkhandanapaṭinissaggo pana magge labbhamānāya ekantakāraṇabhūtāya vuṭṭhānagāminivipassanāya vasena veditabbo, magge pana tadubhayampi ñāyāgatameva nippariyāyatova labbhamānattā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tadubhayasamaṅgī puggalo’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pucchantassa <a name="V2.0205"></a> ajjhāsayavasena ‘‘na kiñci loke upādiyatī’’ti ettha kāmupādānavasena upādiyanaṃ paṭikkhipīyatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘taṇhāvasena na upādiyatī’’</span>ti. Taṇhāvasena vā asati upādiyane diṭṭhivasena upādiyanaṃ anavakāsamevāti <span class="bld">‘‘taṇhāvasena’’</span>icceva vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Na parāmasatī</span>ti nādiyati, diṭṭhiparāmāsavasena vā ‘‘nicca’’ntiādinā <span class="bld">na parāmasati. Saṃkhitteneva khippaṃ kathesī</span>ti tassa ajjhāsayavasena papañcaṃ akatvā kathesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para391"></a><a name="para391_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">391</span>. <span class="bld">Abhisamāgantvā</span>ti abhimukhañāṇena ñeyyaṃ samāgantvā yāthāvato viditvā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘jānitvā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Yathāparisaviññāpakattā</span>ti yathāparisaṃ <a name="M2.0220"></a> dhammasampaṭiggāhikāya mahatiyā, appakāya vā parisāya anurūpameva viññāpanato. <span class="bld">Pariyantaṃ na niccharatī</span>ti na pavattati. <span class="bld">Mā niratthakā agamāsī</span>ti idaṃ dhammatāvasena vuttaṃ, na satthu ajjhāsayavasena. Ekañhetaṃ satthu vacīghosassa aṭṭhasu aṅgesu, yadidaṃ parisapariyantatā. <span class="bld">Chiddavivarokāso</span>ti chiddabhūto, vivarabhūto vā okāsopi natthi, bhagavato saddāsavanakāraṇaṃ vuttameva. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yathāvuttakāraṇato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pañca aṅgāni etassāti pañcaṅgaṃ, pañcaṅgaṃ eva <span class="bld">pañcaṅgikaṃ</span>. Mahatīādi vīṇāvisesopi ātatamevāti <span class="bld">‘‘cammapariyonaddhesū’’</span>ti visesitaṃ. <span class="bld">Ekatalaṃ</span> kumbhathūṇadaddarādi. Cammapariyonaddhaṃ hutvā tantibaddhaṃ <span class="bld">ātatavitataṃ</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tantibaddhapaṇavādī’’</span>ti. Gomukhīādīnampi ettheva saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Vaṃsādī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena saṅkhasiṅgādīnaṃ saṅgaho. <span class="bld">Sammādī</span>ti sammatāḷakaṃsatāḷasilāsalākatāḷādi. Tattha <span class="bld">sammatāḷaṃ</span> nāma daṇḍamayatāḷaṃ. <span class="bld">Kaṃsatāḷaṃ</span> lohamayaṃ. Silāya ayopattena ca vādanatāḷaṃ <span class="bld">silāsalākatāḷaṃ. Samappito</span>ti sammā appito upeto. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘upagato’’</span>ti. Upaṭṭhānavasena pañcahi tūriyasatehi upeto. Evaṃbhūto ca yasmā tehi upaṭṭhito samannāgato nāma hoti, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘samaṅgībhūtoti tasseva vevacana’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Paricāretī</span>ti parito cāreti. Kāni pana cāreti, kathaṃ vā cāretīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sampattiṃ…pe… cāretī’’</span>ti. Tattha <span class="bld">tato tato</span>ti tasmiṃ tasmiṃ vādite tattha tattha ca vādakajane. <span class="bld">Apanetvā</span>ti vādakajane nisedhetvā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘nissaddāni kārāpetvā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Devacārikaṃ gacchatiyeva</span> devatānaṃ manussānañca anukampāya. Svāyamattho <span class="bld">vimānavatthūhi</span> (vi. va. 1) dīpetabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para392"></a><a name="para392_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">392</span>. <span class="bld">Appeva sakena karaṇīyenā</span>ti mārisa, moggallāna, mayaṃ sakena karaṇīyena appeva bahukiccāpi na homa. <span class="bld">Apica devānaṃyevā</span>ti apica kho pana devānaṃyeva tāvatiṃsānaṃ karaṇīyena <a name="V2.0206"></a> visesato <a name="M2.0221"></a> bahukiccāti atthayojanā. Bhummaṭṭhakadevatānampi keci aṭṭā sakkena vinicchitabbā hontīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pathavito paṭṭhāyā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Niyamento</span>ti avadhārento. Taṃ pana karaṇīyaṃ sarūpato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘devānaṃ hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Tāsa</span>nti devadhītudevaputtapādaparicārikānaṃ. <span class="bld">Maṇḍanapasādhanakārikā</span>ti maṇḍanapasādhanasaṃvidhāyikā. <span class="bld">Aṭṭakaraṇaṃ natthi</span> saṃsayasseva abhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ya</span>nti savanuggahaṇādivasena suparicitampi yaṃ atthajātaṃ. <span class="bld">Na dissati,</span> paññācakkhuno sabbaso na paṭibhātīti attho. <span class="bld">Kecī</span>ti sārasamāsācariyā. <span class="bld">Somanassasaṃvega</span>nti somanassasamuṭṭhānaṃ saṃvegaṃ, na cittasantāsaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samupabyūḷho</span>ti yujjhanavasena sahapatito samogāḷho. Evaṃbhūto ca yasmā samūhavasena sampiṇḍito hoti, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sannipatito rāsibhūto’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Anantare attabhāve</span>ti idaṃ dutiyaṃ sakkattabhāvaṃ tato anantarātītena sakkattabhāvena sakkattabhāvasāmaññato ekamiva katvā gahaṇavasena vuttaṃ, aññathā ‘‘tatiye attabhāve’’ti vattabbaṃ siyā. Maghattabhāvo hi ito tatiyoti. Atha vā yasmiṃ attabhāve so devāsurasaṅgāmo ahosi, tassa anantarattā maghattabhāvassa vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘anantare attabhāve’’</span>ti. Sattānaṃ hitesitāya mātāpituupaṭṭhānādinā cariyāhi <span class="bld">bodhisattacariyā viyassa cariyā ahosi. Satta vatapadānī</span>ti satta vatakoṭṭhāse.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mahāpāna</span>nti mahantaṃ surāpānaṃ. <span class="bld">Gaṇḍapāna</span>nti gaṇḍasurāpānaṃ, adhimattapānanti attho. <span class="bld">Pariharamānā</span>ti parivārentā. <span class="bld">Vedikāpādā</span>ti sinerussa pariyante vedikāparikkhepā. <span class="bld">Pañcasu ṭhānesū</span>ti pañcasu paribhaṇḍaṭṭhānesu nāgasenādīhi <span class="bld">ārakkhaṃ ṭhapesi</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para393"></a><a name="para393_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">393</span>. <span class="bld">Rāmaṇeyyaka</span>nti ramaṇīyabhāvaṃ. <span class="bld">Masāragallatthambhe</span>ti kabaramaṇimaye thambhe. <span class="bld">Suvaṇṇādimaye ghaṭake</span>ti ‘‘rajatatthambhesu suvaṇṇamaye, suvaṇṇatthambhesu rajatamaye’’tiādinā suvaṇṇādimaye ghaṭake vāḷarūpakāni ca. Pabāḷhaṃ mattoti <span class="bld">pamatto</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ativiya matto’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Nāṭakaparivārenā</span>ti accharāparivārena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Acchariyabbhuta</span>nti <a name="M2.0222"></a> padadvayenapi vimhayanākārova vutto, tasmā sañjātaṃ acchariyabbhutaṃ vimhayanākāro etesanti <span class="bld">sañjātaacchariyaabbhutā,</span> tathā pavattacittuppādā. Acchariyabbhutahetukā sañjātā <a name="V2.0207"></a> tuṭṭhi etesanti <span class="bld">sañjātatuṭṭhino. Saṃvigga</span>nti sañjātasaṃvegaṃ. Svāyaṃ saṃvego yasmā purimāvatthāya cittassa calanaṃ hoti, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘calita’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para394"></a><a name="para394_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">394</span>. <span class="bld">Tamaṃ vinodita</span>nti pāṭihāriyadassanena ‘‘aho therassa iddhānubhāvo’’ti sammāpaṭipattiyaṃ sañjātabahumāno, īdisaṃ nāma sāsanaṃ labhitvāpi mayaṃ niratthakena bhogamadena sammattā bhavāmāti yoniso manasikāruppādanena sammohatamaṃ vinoditaṃ vidhamitaṃ. <span class="bld">Ete</span>ti mahāthero sakko cāti te dvepi samānabrahmacariyatāya <span class="bld">sabrahmacārino</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para395"></a><a name="para395_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">395</span>. <span class="bld">Paññātāna</span>nti pākaṭānaṃ cātumahārāja-suyāma-santusita-paranimmitavasavattimahābrahmānaṃ aññataro, na yesaṃ kesañcīti adhippāyo. Āraddhadhammavaseneva pariyosāpitattā <span class="bld">yathānusandhināva niṭṭhapesi</span>.</p>
<p class="centered">Cūḷataṇhāsaṅkhayasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.</p>
<p class="subhead">8. Mahātaṇhāsaṅkhayasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para396"></a><a name="para396_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">396</span>. <span class="bld">Laddhimatta</span>nti <a name="V2.0208"></a> micchāgāhamattaṃ, na diṭṭhābhiniveso. <span class="bld">Sassatadiṭṭhī</span>ti niccābhiniveso. <span class="bld">So</span>ti ariṭṭho bhikkhu. Kathetvā samodhānentanti yojanā. <span class="bld">Samodhānenta</span>nti ca nigamentanti attho. <span class="bld">Tattha tatthevā</span>ti tesu tesu eva bhavesu <span class="bld">nirujjhanti,</span> na bhavantaraṃ saṅkamanti. <span class="bld">Viññāṇaṃ pana</span> abhinnasabhāvaṃ anaññanti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Idhalokato</span>ti imasmā attabhāvā. <span class="bld">Paralokanti</span> parabhavasaññitaṃ attabhāvaṃ. <span class="bld">Sandhāvatī</span>ti niccatāya kenaci asambaddhaṃ viya gacchati. Tena idhalokato paralokagamanamāha. <span class="bld">Saṃsaratī</span>ti iminā paralokato idhāgamanaṃ. <span class="bld">Sandhāvatī</span>ti vā bhavantarasaṅkamanamāha. <span class="bld">Saṃsaratī</span>ti tattha tattha aparāparasañcaraṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Paccaye <a name="M2.0223"></a> sati bhavatī’’tiādinā viññāṇassa anvayato byatirekato ca paṭiccasamuppannabhāvaṃ dassento sassatabhāvaṃ paṭikkhipati. <span class="bld">Buddhena akathitaṃ kathesī</span>ti iminā ‘‘yaṃ abhāsitaṃ alapitaṃ tathāgatena, taṃ bhāsitaṃ lapitaṃ tathāgatenāti dīpetī’’ti (cūḷava. 352, 353) imasmiṃ bhedakaravatthusmiṃ sandissatīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Jinacakke pahāraṃ detī</span>ti ‘‘tadevidaṃ viññāṇaṃ…pe… anañña’’nti niccataṃ paṭijānanto – ‘‘sabbe saṅkhārā aniccā (dha. pa. 277), rūpaṃ, bhikkhave, anicca’’nti (saṃ. ni. 3.93-94) ca ādinayappavatte satthu dhammacakke khīlaṃ uppādento pahāraṃ deti. Sabbaññutaññāṇena aniccanti diṭṭhaṃ paveditañca viññāṇaṃ niccanti paṭijānanto <span class="bld">vesārajjañāṇaṃ paṭibāhati. Sotukāmaṃ jana</span>nti ariyadhammādhigamassa ekantaupāyabhūtaṃ vipassanāmaggaṃ sotukāmaṃ janaṃ niccaggāhapaggaṇhanena <span class="bld">visaṃvādeti</span>. Tato eva <span class="bld">ariyapathe</span> ariyadhammavīthiyaṃ tassā paṭikkhipanena <span class="bld">tiriyaṃ nipatitvā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para398"></a><a name="para398_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">398</span>. Viññāṇasīsena attanā gahitaṃ attānaṃ vibhāvento <span class="bld">‘‘yvāyaṃ, bhante’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">vado vedeyyo</span>tiādayo sassatadiṭṭhiyā eva abhinivesākārā. Vadatīti <span class="bld">vado,</span> vacīkammassa kārakoti attho. Iminā hi kārakabhāvupāyikasattānaṃ hitasukhāvabodhanasamatthataṃ attano dasseti. Vediyova <span class="bld">vedeyyo,</span> jānāti anubhavati cāti attho. Īdisānañhi padānaṃ bahulā kattusādhanataṃ saddavidū maññanti. <span class="bld">Vedayatī</span>ti taṃ taṃ anubhavitabbaṃ anubhavati. <span class="bld">Tahiṃ tahi</span>nti tesu tesu bhavayonigatiṭhitisattāvāsasattanikāyesu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para399"></a><a name="para399_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">399</span>. Taṃ <a name="V2.0209"></a> vādaṃ paggayha ṭhitattā sātissa chinnapaccayatā aviruḷhadhammatā ca veditabbā. <span class="bld">Heṭṭhā</span>ti alagaddasuttasaṃvaṇṇanaṃ (ma. ni. aṭṭha. 2.236-237) sandhāyāha. Parato <span class="bld">heṭṭhā</span>ti vuttaṭṭhānepi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Pāṭiyekko anusandhī</span>ti tīhipi anusandhīhi avomisso visuṃyeveko anusandhi. Nanu cāyampi sātissa ajjhāsayavasena pavattitattā ajjhāsayānusandhiyevāti? Na, niyyānamukhena appavattattā. Niyyānañhi purakkhatvā pucchādivasena pavattā itarā desanāpucchānusandhiādayo. Idha tadabhāvato <a name="M2.0224"></a> vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pāṭiyekko anusandhī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Parisāya laddhiṃ sodhento</span>ti yādisī sātissa laddhi, tadabhāvadassanavasena parisāya laddhiṃ sodhento, parisāya laddhisodhaneneva sāti gaṇato nissārito nāma jāto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para400"></a><a name="para400_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">400</span>. <span class="bld">Yaṃ yadevā</span>ti idaṃ yadipi avisesato paccayadhammaggahaṇaṃ, ‘‘viññāṇantveva saṅkhyaṃ gacchatī’’ti pana vuttattā taṃtaṃviññāṇassa samaññānimittapaccayajātaṃ gahitanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Tena vuttaṃ pāḷiyaṃ – ‘‘cakkhuviññāṇantveva saṅkhyaṃ gacchatī’’tiādi. Atha vā taṃtaṃdvāraniyataṃ itarampi sabbaṃ tassa tassa viññāṇassa paccayajātaṃ idha ‘‘yaṃ yadevā’’ti gahitaṃ, tattha pana yaṃ asādhāraṇaṃ, tena samaññāti ‘‘cakkhuviññāṇantvevā’’tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Dvārasaṅkantiyā abhāva</span>nti viññāṇassa dvārantarasaṅkamanassa abhāvaṃ. Svāyaṃ oḷārikanayena mandabuddhīnaṃ sukhāvabodhanatthaṃ nayadassanavasena vutto. Na hi kadāci paccuppannaṃ viññāṇaṃ vigacchantaṃ anantaraviññāṇaṃ saṅkamati anantarādipaccayālābhe tassa anuppajjanato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evamevā</span>ti yathā aggi upādānaṃ paṭicca jalanto anupādāno tattheva nibbāyati, na katthaci saṅkamati, evameva. <span class="bld">‘‘Paccayavekallena tattheva nirujjhatī’’</span>ti kasmā vuttaṃ, na hettha anuppādanirodho icchito tādisassa nirodhassa idha anadhippetattā, atha kho khaṇanirodho, so ca sābhāvikattā na paccayavekallahetuko? Saccametaṃ, taṃtaṃdvārikassa pana viññāṇassa dvārantaraṃ asaṅkamitvā tattha tattheva nirujjhanaṃ idhādhippetaṃ. Yesañca paccayānaṃ vasena dvārantarikaviññāṇena bhavitabbaṃ, tesaṃ tadabhāvato paccayavekallaggahaṇaṃ, tasmā paccayavekallena na sotādīni saṅkamitvā sotaviññāṇantiādi saṅkhyaṃ gacchatīti yojanā. Etena yaṃ viññāṇaṃ cakkhurūpādipaccayasāmaggiyā vasena cakkhuviññāṇasaṅkhyaṃ gacchati, tattha tattheva nirujjhati tāvakālikabhāvato, tassa pana sotasaddādipaccayābhāvato kuto sotaviññāṇādisamaññā, evamappavattito tassa kuto saṅkamoti dassitaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Viññāṇappavatte</span>ti viññāṇappavattiyaṃ. <span class="bld">Dvārasaṅkantimatta</span>nti dvārantarasaṅkamanamattampi na vadāmi tattha tattheva <a name="V2.0210"></a> bhijjanato paccayassa uppādavantato sati ca uppāde avassaṃbhāvī nirodhoti hutvā abhāvaṭṭhena aniccatā dīpitā hotīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para401"></a><a name="para401_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">401</span>. ‘‘Paṭiccasamuppannaṃ <a name="M2.0225"></a> viññāṇaṃ vuttaṃ mayā, aññatra paccayā natthi viññāṇassa sambhavo’’ti pāḷiyā anvayato ca byatirekato ca viññāṇassa saṅkhatatāva dassitāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sappaccayabhāvaṃ dassetvā’’</span>ti. Hetupaccayehi jātaṃ nibbattaṃ ‘‘bhūta’’nti idhādhippetaṃ, taṃ atthato pañcakkhandhā tabbinimuttassa sappaccayassa abhāvato, yañca khandhapañcakaṃ attano tesañca bhikkhūnaṃ, taṃ ‘‘bhūtamida’’nti bhagavā avocāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘idaṃ khandhapañcaka’’</span>nti. Attano phalaṃ āharatīti āhāro, paccayo. Sambhavati etasmāti sambhavo, āhāro sambhavo etassāti <span class="bld">āhārasambhavaṃ</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘paccayasambhava’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Tassa paccayassa nirodhā</span>ti yena avijjādinā paccayena khandhapañcakaṃ sambhavati, tassa paccayassa anuppādanirodhā. Khaṇanirodho pana kāraṇanirapekkho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nossūti</span> saṃsayajotano nipātoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘bhūtaṃ nu kho idaṃ, na nu kho bhūta’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Bhūtamidaṃ nossū</span>ti ca iminā khandhapañcakameva nu kho idaṃ, udāhu attattaniyanti evaṃjātiko saṃsayanākāro gahito. <span class="bld">Tadāhārasambhavaṃ nossū</span>ti pana iminā sahetukaṃ nu kho idaṃ bhūtaṃ, udāhu ahetukanti yathā ahetukabhāvāpanno saṃsayanākāro gahito, evaṃ visamahetukabhāvāpannopi saṃsayanākāro gahitoti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Visamahetunopi paramatthato bhūtassa ahetukabhāvato. Visamahetuvādopi parehi parikappitamattatāya sabhāvaniyatiyadicchādivādehi samānayogakkhamoti. <span class="bld">Nirodhadhammaṃ nossū</span>ti iminā yathā aniccaṃ nu kho idaṃ bhūtaṃ, udāhu niccanti aniccataṃ paṭicca saṃsayanākāro gahito, evaṃ dukkhaṃ nu kho, udāhu na dukkhaṃ, anattā nu kho, udāhu na anattātipi saṃsayanākāro gahitoyevāti daṭṭhabbaṃ aniccassa dukkhabhāvādiavassaṃbhāvato, nicce ca tadubhayābhāvato. <span class="bld">Yāthāvasarasalakkhaṇato</span>ti aviparītasarasato salakkhaṇato ca, kiccato ceva sabhāvato cāti attho. Vipassanāya adhiṭṭhānabhūtāpi paññā vipassanā evāti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vipassanāpaññāyā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sarasato</span>ti ca sabhāvato. <span class="bld">Salakkhaṇato</span>ti sāmaññalakkhaṇato. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vipassanāpaññāya sammā passantassā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Vuttanayenevā</span>ti ‘‘yāthāvasarasalakkhaṇato’’ti vuttanayeneva. <span class="bld">Ye ye</span>ti tassaṃ parisāyaṃ ye ye bhikkhū. <span class="bld">Sallakkhesu</span>nti sammadeva upadhāresuṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tehī</span>ti <a name="M2.0226"></a><a name="V2.0211"></a> tehi bhikkhūhi. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti tissaṃ vipassanāpaññāyaṃ. <span class="bld">Nittaṇhabhāva</span>nti taṇhābhāvaṃ ‘‘etaṃ mama’’nti taṇhāggāhassa pahīnataṃ. Etenapi bhagavā ‘‘ahaṃ, bhikkhave, dhammesupi taṇhāpahānameva vaṇṇemi, sāti pana moghapuriso attabhāvepi taṇhāsaṃvaddhaniṃ viparītadiṭṭhiṃ paggayha tiṭṭhatī’’ti sātiṃ niggaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Sabhāvadassanenā</span>ti dhammānaṃ aviparītasabhāvadassanena. <span class="bld">Paccayadassanenā</span>ti kāraṇadassanena anavasesato hetuno paccayassa ca dassanena. <span class="bld">Allīyethā</span>ti taṇhādiṭṭhivasena nissayetha. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘taṇhādiṭṭhīhī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Kelāyethā</span>ti pariharaṇakeḷiyā parihareyyātha. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kīḷamānā vihareyyāthā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Dhanaṃ viya icchantā</span>ti dhanaṃ viya drabyaṃ viya icchaṃ taṇhaṃ janentā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘gedhaṃ āpajjeyyāthā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Mamattaṃ uppādeyyāthā</span>ti ‘‘mamamida’’nti taṇhādiṭṭhivasena abhinivesaṃ janeyyātha. Nikantivasenapi gahaṇatthāya no desito, tassa vā saṇhasukhumassa vipassanādhammassa gahaṇaṃ nāma nikantiyā eva siyā, na oḷārikataṇhāyāti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘nikantivasenā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para402"></a><a name="para402_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">402</span>. Paṭicca etasmā phalaṃ etīti <span class="bld">paccayo,</span> sabbo kāraṇavisesoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘khandhānaṃ paccayaṃ dassento’’</span>ti. Yāva avijjā hi sabbo nesaṃ kāraṇaviseso idha dassito. Puna ādito paṭṭhāya yāva pariyosānā, antato paṭṭhāya yāva ādīti anulomato paṭilomato ca vaṭṭavivaṭṭadassanavasena nānānayehi paṭiccasamuppādo dassito, niccaggāhassa nimittabhūto kilesopi idha natthīti dīpeti. <span class="bld">Tampi vuttatthamevā</span>ti tampi ‘‘ime ca, bhikkhave, cattāro āhārā’’tiādi yāva ‘‘taṇhāpabhavā’’ti pāḷipadaṃ, tāva vuttatthameva <span class="bld">sammādiṭṭhisuttavaṇṇanāyaṃ</span> (ma. ni. aṭṭha. 1.89). Sesaṃ paṭiccasamuppādakathābhāvato <span class="bld">visuddhimagge</span> (visuddhi. 2.570) <span class="bld">vitthāritāvā</span>ti imināva saṅgahitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para404"></a><a name="para404_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">404</span>. <span class="bld">Imasmiṃ sati idaṃ hotī</span>tiādīsu yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ paramatthadīpaniyaṃ <span class="bld">udānaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> (udā. aṭṭha. 1) vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para407"></a><a name="para407_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">407</span>. <span class="bld">Paṭidhāvanā</span>ti paṭisaraṇaṃ, pubbe attano āgataṃ atītaṃ addhānaṃ uddissa taṇhādiṭṭhivasena paṭigamananti attho. Nanu vicikicchāvasena pāḷiyaṃ <a name="M2.0227"></a> paṭidhāvanā āgatāti? Saccaṃ āgatā, sā pana taṇhādiṭṭhihetukāti ‘‘taṇhādiṭṭhivasenā’’ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti tasmiṃ yathādhigate ñāṇadassane.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Niccalabhāva</span>nti <a name="V2.0212"></a> suppatiṭṭhitabhāvaṃ, titthiyavādavātehi akampiyabhāvañca. <span class="bld">Garū</span>ti garuguṇayutto. <span class="bld">Bhāriko</span> pāsāṇacchattasadiso. <span class="bld">Akāmā anuvattitabbo</span>ti saddhāmattakeneva anuvattanamāha, na aveccappasādena. <span class="bld">Kicca</span>nti satthukiccaṃ. <span class="bld">Brāhmaṇāna</span>nti jātimantabrāhmaṇānaṃ. <span class="bld">Vatasamādānānī</span>ti magavatādivatasamādānāni. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhikutūhalānī</span>ti taṃtaṃdiṭṭhiggāhavasena ‘‘idaṃ saccaṃ, idaṃ sacca’’ntiādinā gahetabbakutūhalāni. <span class="bld">Evaṃ nissaṭṭhānī</span>ti yathā mayā tumhākaṃ ovādo dinno, evaṃ nissaṭṭhāni vatādīni taṃ atikkamitvā kiṃ gaṇheyyātha. <span class="bld">Sayaṃ ñāṇena ñāta</span>nti paraneyyataṃ muñcitvā attano eva ñāṇena yāthāvato ñātaṃ. Evaṃbhūtañca sayaṃ paccakkhato diṭṭhaṃ nāma hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sayaṃ paññācakkhunā diṭṭha’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Sayaṃ vibhāvita</span>nti tehi bhikkhūhi tassa atthassa paccattaṃ vibhūtabhāvaṃ āpāditaṃ. <span class="bld">Upanītā</span>ti upakkamena dhammadesanānusārena nītā. <span class="bld">Mayā</span>ti kattari karaṇavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Dhammenā</span>ti kāraṇena. <span class="bld">Etaṃ vacana</span>nti etaṃ ‘‘sandiṭṭhiko’’tiādivacanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para408"></a><a name="para408_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">408</span>. <span class="bld">Taṃ</span> sammohaṭṭhānaṃ <span class="bld">assa</span> lokassa. <span class="bld">Samodhānenā</span>ti samāgamena. Gabbhati attabhāvabhāvena vattatīti <span class="bld">gabbho,</span> kalalādiavattho dhammapabandho, tannissitattā pana sattasantāno ‘‘gabbho’’ti vutto yathā ‘‘mañcā ukkuṭṭhiṃ karontī’’ti. Tannissayabhāvato mātukucchi ‘‘gabbho’’ti veditabbo, gabbho viyāti vā. Yathā hi nivāsaṭṭhānatāya sattānaṃ ovarako ‘‘gabbho’’ti vuccati, evaṃ gabbhaseyyakānaṃ yāva abhijāti nivāsaṭṭhānatāya mātukucchi ‘‘gabbho’’ti vuttoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yamekaratti</span>nti yassaṃ ekarattiyaṃ. Bhummatthe hi idaṃ upayogavacanaṃ, accantasaṃyoge vā. <span class="bld">Paṭhama</span>nti sabbapaṭhamaṃ paṭisandhikkhaṇe. <span class="bld">Gabbhe</span>ti mātukucchiyaṃ. <span class="bld">Māṇavo</span>ti satto. Yebhuyyena sattā rattiyaṃ paṭisandhiṃ gaṇhantīti <a name="M2.0228"></a> rattiggahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Abbhuṭṭhitovā</span>ti uṭṭhitaabbho viya, abhimukhabhāvena vā uṭṭhito eva maraṇassāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">So yātī</span>ti so māṇavo yāti paṭhamakkhaṇato paṭṭhāya gacchateva. <span class="bld">Sa gacchaṃ na nivattatī</span>ti so evaṃ gacchanto khaṇamattampi na nivattati, aññadatthu maraṇameva upagacchatīti gāthāya attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Utusamayaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ,</span> na lokasamaññātarajassa lagganadivasamattaṃ. Idāni vuttamevatthaṃ pākaṭataraṃ kātuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘mātugāmassa kira yasmi’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti tasmiṃ gabbhāsaye. <span class="bld">Saṇṭhahitvā</span>ti nibbattitvā. <span class="bld">Bhijjitvā</span>ti aggahitagabbhā eva bhinnā hutvā. Ayañhi tassā sabhāvo. <span class="bld">Vatthu suddhaṃ hotī</span>ti paggharitalohitattā anāmayattā ca gabbhāsayo suddho hoti. Suddhavatthuttā <a name="V2.0213"></a> tato paraṃ katipayadivasāni <span class="bld">khettameva hoti</span> gabbhasaṇṭhahanassa parittassa lohitalesassa vijjamānattā. Sambhavassa pana kathaṃ sabbhāvoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tasmiṃ samaye’’</span>tiādi. Itthisantānepi sukkadhātu labbhateva. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘aṅgaparāmasanenapi dārako nibbattatiyevā’’</span>ti. Yathā pārikāya nābhiparāmasanena sāmassa bodhisattassa, diṭṭhamaṅgalikāya nābhiparāmasanena maṇḍabyassa nibbatti. <span class="bld">Gandhabbo</span>ti gandhanato uppajjanagatiyā nimittupaṭṭhāpanena sūcanato gandhoti laddhanāmena bhavagāmikammunā abbati pavattatīti <span class="bld">gandhabbo,</span> tattha uppajjanakasatto. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tatrūpagasatto’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Kammayantayantito</span>ti tatrūpapattiāvahena kammasaṅkhātena pellanakayantena tathattāya pellito upanīto. <span class="bld">Mahantena jīvitasaṃsayenā</span>ti vijāyanaparikkilesena ‘‘jīvissāmi kho, na nu kho jīvissāmi ahaṃ vā, putto vā me’’ti evaṃ pavattena jīvitasaṃsayena vipulena garutarena saṃsayena. <span class="bld">Taṃ ṭhāna</span>nti thanappadesamāha. Kīḷanti tenāti kīḷanaṃ, kīḷanameva <span class="bld">kīḷanakaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para409"></a><a name="para409_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">409</span>. <span class="bld">Sārajjatī</span>ti sārattacitto hoti. <span class="bld">Byāpajjatī</span>ti byāpannacitto hoti. <span class="bld">Kāye</span> kesādidvattiṃsāsucisamudāye taṃsabhāvārammaṇā <span class="bld">sati kāyasati. Anupaṭṭhapetvā</span>ti anuppādetvā, yathāsabhāvato kāyaṃ anupadhāretvāti attho. <span class="bld">Parittacetaso</span>ti kilesehi <a name="M2.0229"></a> parito khaṇḍitacitto. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘akusalacitto’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ete</span> akusaladhammā. <span class="bld">Nirujjhantī</span>ti nirodhaṃ pattā honti. <span class="bld">Taṇhāvasena abhinandatī</span>ti sappītikataṇhāvasena abhimukhaṃ hutvā nandati. <span class="bld">Abhivadatī</span>ti taṇhāvasena taṃ taṃ ārammaṇaṃ abhinivissa vadati. <span class="bld">Ajjhosāyā</span>ti anaññasādhāraṇaṃ viya ārammaṇaṃ taṇhāvasena anupavisitvā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘gilitvā pariniṭṭhapetvā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Dukkhaṃ kathaṃ abhinandatī</span>ti ettha dukkhahetukaṃ abhinandanto dukkhaṃ abhinandati nāmāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> pana yāvatā yassa dukkhe diṭṭhitaṇhā abhinandanā appahīnā, tāvatāyaṃ dukkhaṃ abhinandati nāmāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ahaṃ dukkhito mama dukkhanti gaṇhanto abhinandati nāmā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Tena gāhadvayahetukā tattha abhinandanāti dasseti. <span class="bld">Puna ekavāra</span>nti punapi ekavāraṃ. Phalahetusandhihetuphalasandhivasena <span class="bld">dvisandhī</span>. ‘‘Gabbhassāvakkanti hotī’’tiādinā atthato sarūpato ca etarahi phalasaṅkhepassa. <span class="bld">Sarūpeneva</span> ca itaradvayassa desitattā āha <span class="bld">‘‘tisaṅkhepa’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para410-414"></a><a name="para410-414_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">410-414</span>. Samathayānikassa bhikkhuno vedanāmukhena saṅkhepeneva yāva arahattā kammaṭṭhānaṃ idha kathitanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘saṃkhittena taṇhāsaṅkhayavimuttiṃ dhārethā’’</span>ti. ‘‘Imaṃ taṇhāsaṅkhayavimutti’’nti ca bhagavā yathādesitaṃ desanaṃ avocāti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘imaṃ…pe… vimuttidesana’’</span>nti<a name="V2.0214"></a>. Yadi evaṃ kathaṃ desanā vimuttīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘desanā hi…pe… vimuttīti vuttā’’</span>ti. Yassā taṇhāya vasena sāti bhikkhu sassataggāhamahāsaṅghāṭapaṭimukko, sā sabbabuddhānaṃ desanā hatthāvalambamānepi durugghāṭiyā jātāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘mahātaṇhājālataṇhāsaṅghāṭapaṭimukka’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Mahātaṇhājāle</span>ti mahante taṇhājaṭe. <span class="bld">Taṇhāsaṅghāṭe</span>ti taṇhāya saṅghāṭe. Tathābhūto ca tassa abbhantare kato nāma hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘anupaviṭṭho antogadho’’</span>ti. Sesaṃ suviññeyyameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Mahātaṇhāsaṅkhayasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.</p>
<p class="subhead">9. Mahāassapurasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para415"></a><a name="para415_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">415</span>. <span class="bld">Jānapadino</span>ti <a name="V2.0215"></a> janapadavanto, janapadassa vā issarā rājakumārā gottavasena <span class="bld">aṅgā nāma</span>. Tesaṃ nivāso yadi eko janapado<a name="M2.0230"></a>, kathaṃ bahuvacananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ruḷhīsaddenā’’</span>ti. Akkharacintakā hi īdisesu ṭhānesu yutte viya saliṅgavacanāni (pāṇini 1.2.51) icchanti. Ayamettha ruḷhī yathā ‘‘kurūsu viharati, mallesu viharatī’’ti ca. Tabbisesane pana janapadasadde jātisadde ekavacanameva. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘aṅgesu janapade’’</span>ti. Assā vuccanti pāsāṇāni, tāni sundarāni tattha santīti <span class="bld">‘‘assapura’’</span>nti so nigamo vuttoti kecī. Apare pana ājānīyo asso rañño tattha gahaṇaṃ upagatoti <span class="bld">‘‘assapura’’</span>nti vuttoti vadanti. Kiṃ tehi, nāmametaṃ tassa nigamassa. Yasmā pana tattha bhagavato nibaddhavasanaṭṭhānaṃ kiñci nāhosi, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘taṃ gocaragāmaṃ katvā viharati’’</span>cceva vuttaṃ. Tathā hi pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘assapuraṃ nāma aṅgānaṃ nigamo’’ti gocaragāmakittanameva kataṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evarūpena sīlenā</span>tiādīsu sīlaggahaṇena vārittasīlamāha. Tena sammāvācākammantājīve dasseti. Ācāraggahaṇena cārittasīlaṃ. Tena parisuddhaṃ kāyavacīsamācāraṃ. Paṭipattiggahaṇena samathavipassanāmaggaphalasaṅgahaṃ sammāpaṭipattiṃ. <span class="bld">Lajjino</span>ti iminā yathāvuttasīlācāramūlakāraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Pesalā</span>ti iminā pārisuddhiṃ. <span class="bld">Uḷāraguṇā</span>ti iminā paṭipattiyā pāripūriṃ. <span class="bld">Bhikkhusaṅghasseva vaṇṇaṃ kathentī</span>ti idaṃ tesaṃ upāsakānaṃ yebhuyyena bhikkhūnaṃ guṇakittanapasutatāya vuttaṃ. Te pana saddhammepi sammāsambuddhepi abhippasannā eva. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘buddhamāmakā dhammamāmakā’’</span>ti. Vatthuttaye hi ekasmiṃ abhippasannā itaradvaye abhippasannā eva tadavinābhāvato. <span class="bld">Piṇḍapātāpacāyane</span>ti lakkhaṇavacanametaṃ yathā ‘‘kākehi sappi rakkhitabba’’nti, tasmā paccayapaṭipūjaneti vuttaṃ hoti. Paccayadāyakānañhi kārassa attano sammāpaṭipattiyā mahapphalabhāvassa karaṇaṃ idha ‘‘piṇḍapātāpacāyana’’nti adhippetaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samaṇakaraṇā</span>ti samaṇabhāvakarā, samaṇabhāvassa kārakāti attho. Te pana ekantato attano santāne uppāditā vaḍḍhitā ca hontīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘samādāya paripūritā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Samaṇa</span>ggahaṇañcettha samaṇavasena, na sāmaññamattenāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘samitapāpasamaṇa’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Brāhmaṇakaraṇā</span>ti etthāpi vuttanayenevattho veditabbo. Byañjanato eva cāyaṃ bhedo, yadidaṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇāti<a name="V2.0216"></a>, na atthato. <span class="bld">Samaṇena</span> <span class="bld">kattabbadhammā</span>ti <a name="M2.0231"></a> samaṇadhamme ṭhitena sampādetabbadhammā. Yo hi heṭṭhimasikkhāsaṅkhātasamaṇabhāve suppatiṭṭhito, tena ye uparisikkhāsaṅkhātasamaṇabhāvā sampādetabbā, tesaṃ vaseneva vuttasamaṇena kattabbadhammā vuttāti. Tathā hi tesaṃ samaṇabhāvāvahataṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘tepi ca samaṇakaraṇā hontiyevā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Idha panā</span>ti mahāassapure. <span class="bld">Hirottappādivasena desanā vitthāritā</span>ti hirottappa-parisuddhakāyavacīmanosamācārājīvaindriyasaṃvara-bhojanemattaññuta- jāgariyānuyogasatisampajañña-jhānavijjāvasena samaṇakaraṇadhammadesanā vitthārato desitā, na tikanipāte viya saṅkhepato. <span class="bld">Phala</span>ggahaṇeneva vipākaphalaṃ gahitaṃ, taṃ pana ukkaṭṭhaniddesena catubbidhaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Ānisaṃsa</span>ggahaṇena piyamanāpatādiudrayo. <span class="bld">Tasseva attho</span>ti tasseva avañcāpadasseva atthaniddeso. <span class="bld">‘‘Yassā hī’’</span>tiādinā byatirekavasena atthaṃ vadati. <span class="bld">Ettakena ṭhānenā</span>ti ettakena pāḷipadesena. <span class="bld">Hirottappādīnaṃ</span> upari pāḷiyaṃ vuccamānānaṃ samaṇakaraṇa<span class="bld">dhammānaṃ. Vaṇṇaṃ kathesī</span>ti guṇaṃ ānisaṃsaṃ abhāsi. <span class="bld">Satipaṭṭhāne vuttanayenā</span>ti ‘‘apica vaṇṇabhaṇanameta’’ntiādinā <span class="bld">satipaṭṭhānavaṇṇanāyaṃ</span> (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 2.373; ma. ni. aṭṭha. 1.106) vuttanayena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para416"></a><a name="para416_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">416</span>. <span class="bld">Yaṃ hirīyatī</span>ti yena dhammena hetubhūtena vā jigucchati. Karaṇe hetaṃ paccattavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ya</span>nti vā liṅgavipallāsena vutto, dhammoti attho. <span class="bld">Hirīyitabbenā</span>ti upayogatthe karaṇavacanaṃ, hirīyitabbayuttakaṃ kāyaduccaritādinti attho. <span class="bld">Ottappitabbenā</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo. Ajjhattaṃ niyakajjhattaṃ jātiādi samuṭṭhānaṃ etissāti <span class="bld">ajjhattasamuṭṭhānā hirī,</span> bahiddhā attato bahibhūto parasatto samuṭṭhānaṃ etissāti <span class="bld">bahiddhāsamuṭṭhānaṃ ottappaṃ</span>. Attādhipatito āgatā <span class="bld">attādhipateyyā,</span> attānaṃ adhipatiṃ katvā pavattā. <span class="bld">Lajjāsabhāvasaṇṭhitā</span>ti pāpajigucchanasabhāvaṭṭhāyinī. Sappatissavalakkhaṇattā garunā kismiñci vutte gāravavasena patissavanaṃ patissavo, saha patissavenāti <span class="bld">sappatissavaṃ,</span> patissavabhūtaṃ taṃsabhāvañca yaṃ kiñci gāravaṃ. Jātiādimahattatāpaccavekkhaṇena uppajjamānā ca hirī tattha gāravavasena pavattatīti sappatissavalakkhaṇāti vuccati. <span class="bld">Bhayasabhāvasaṇṭhita</span>nti pāpato bhāyanasabhāvaṭṭhāyī, vajjabhīrukabhayadassāvilakkhaṇattā <a name="M2.0232"></a> vajjaṃ bhāyati taṃ bhayato passatīti <span class="bld">vajjabhīrukabhayadassāvī,</span> evaṃsabhāvaṃ ottappaṃ. Ajjhattasamuṭṭhānāditā ca hirottappānaṃ tattha tattha pākaṭabhāveneva vuccati, na paresaṃ kadāci aññamaññavippayogā. Na hi lajjanaṃ nibbhayaṃ, pāpabhayaṃ vā alajjanaṃ hotīti. Ayamettha saṅkhepo, vitthāro pana <span class="bld">aṭṭhasāliniyaṃ</span> (dha. sa. aṭṭha. 1.balarāsivaṇṇanā) vuttanayeneva veditabbo. Lokamariyādassa pālanato <span class="bld">lokapāladhammā nāma. Sukkā</span>ti <a name="V2.0217"></a> odātā pabhassarabhāvakārakā, sukkābhijātihetutāya <span class="bld">vā sukkā. Sambheda</span>nti ācāramariyādāsaṅkaraṃ. Devabhāvāvahā dhammāti <span class="bld">devadhammā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sukkadhammasamāhitā</span>ti yathāvuttasukkadhammasamaṅgino. <span class="bld">Santo</span>ti vūpasantadosā. <span class="bld">Sappurisā</span>ti santajanā. Saparahitasādhakā hi sādhavo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Avayavavinimuttassa samudāyassa abhāvato, avayavena ca samudāyassa apadisitabbato ovādūpasampadāvahaovādekadeso <span class="bld">ovādūpasampadā</span>ti. <span class="bld">Idhā</span>ti imasmiṃ assapure. <span class="bld">Ete</span> hirottappadhammā. <span class="bld">Samaṇadhammā nāmāti dassitā</span> mūlabhūtasamaṇabhāvakarā dhammāti katvā. Tathā hi tesaṃ ādito gahaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yassa adhigamena nippariyāyato samaṇā nāma honti, so ariyamaggo ‘‘samaṇassa kammaṃ paṭipadā’’ti katvā sāmaññaṃ, tassa pana phalabhāvato, ārammaṇakaraṇavasena araṇīyato phalanibbānāni <span class="bld">sāmaññattho</span>. Rāgaṃ khepetīti <span class="bld">rāgakkhayo,</span> ariyamaggo. Rāgo khīyati etthāti <span class="bld">rāgakkhayo,</span> nibbānaṃ. Phalaṃ pana kāraṇūpacārena <span class="bld">rāgakkhayo</span> daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Dosakkhayo mohakkhayo</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo. Sāmaññabhūto attho <span class="bld">sāmaññattho,</span> maggo, sāmaññassa atthoti <span class="bld">sāmaññattho,</span> phalanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘maggampi phalampi ekato katvā sāmaññattho kathito’’</span>ti. Tayidaṃ ukkaṭṭhaniddesena vuttaṃ. Sīlādipubbabhāgapaṭipadāpi hi idha ‘‘sāmaññattho’’ti gahitā. Tenevāha ‘‘sati uttarikaraṇīye’’ti. <span class="bld">Paṭivedayāmī</span>ti punappunaṃ ñāpemi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para417"></a><a name="para417_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">417</span>. <span class="bld">Kammapathavasenevā</span>ti akusalakammapathabhāveneva, tato tādisampi akusalakammaṃ bhikkhussa kātuṃ na yuttanti duṭṭhullabhāveneva tato <a name="M2.0233"></a> oramatīti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Sikkhāpadabaddhenā</span>ti sikkhāpadapaññāpanena. <span class="bld">Pānīyaghaṭe vā patte vā kākānaṃ hatthaṃ vā daṇḍaṃ vā leḍḍuṃ vā</span>ti sabbamidaṃ nidassanamattaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Yattha katthaci hi ṭhitānaṃ aññesampi pāṇīnaṃ uṭṭhāpanādi sabbaṃ aniṭṭhakaraṇaṃ idha aparisuddhakāyasamācārabhāveneva saṅgahitanti. <span class="bld">Uttāno</span>ti uddhamuddhaṃ tanotīti uttāno. Evaṃbhūto ca kenaci anuppādabhūmiyaṃ sañjātasālakalyāṇīkhandho viya uparūpari uggatuggato pākaṭo ca hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘uggato pākaṭo’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Anāvaṭo</span>ti anivuto. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘asañchanno’’</span>ti, nacchādetabboti attho. <span class="bld">Ekasadiso</span> visuddhabhāvena. <span class="bld">Antarantare chiddarahito</span> pubbenāparaṃ sammāpaṭipattiyā sandhānena. <span class="bld">Saṃvuto</span> kāyikassa saṃvarassa anupakkilesato. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kilesānaṃ dvāraṃ pidahanenā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para418"></a><a name="para418_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">418</span>. Ettha <a name="V2.0218"></a> yathā lahukataraṃ kākuṭṭhāpanādikāyakammaṃ kāyasamācārassa aparisuddhabhāvāvahaṃ sallekhavikopanato, micchāvitakkanamattañca manosamācārassa, evaṃ yaṃ kiñci aniyyānakathākathanamattaṃ vacīsamācārassa aparisuddhabhāvāvahaṃ sallekhavikopanato, na hasādhippāyena musākathananti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Hasādhippāyena hi musākathanaṃ sikkhāpadabaddheneva paṭikkhittanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para420"></a><a name="para420_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">420</span>. Ājīvopi ekacco kammapathavasena vārito labbhati. So pana atioḷāriko kāyavacīsamācāravāresu vuttanayo evāti na gahitoti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Ye pana ‘‘tādiso bhikkhūnaṃ ayogyato na gahito’’ti vadanti, taṃ micchā tathā sati kāyavacīsamācāravārepi tassa aggahetabbabhāvāpattito. ‘‘Khādatha pivathā’’ti pucchā attano khāditukāmatādīpanena, pariyāyakathābhāvato panesā sallekhavikopanā jātā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para422"></a><a name="para422_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">422</span>. Anesanaṃ pahāya dhammena samena paccaye pariyesanto <span class="bld">pariyesanamattaññū</span> nāma. Dāyakassa deyyadhammassa attano ca pamāṇaññutāpaṭiggaṇhanto <span class="bld">paṭiggahaṇamattaññū</span> nāma. Yoniso paccavekkhitvā paribhuñjanto <span class="bld">paribhogamattaññū</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para423"></a><a name="para423_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">423</span>. <span class="bld">Ekasmiṃ</span> <a name="M2.0234"></a> <span class="bld">koṭṭhāse</span>ti majjhimayāmasaññite ekasmiṃ koṭṭhāse. <span class="bld">‘‘Vāmena passena sentī’’</span>ti evaṃ vuttā. <span class="bld">Dakkhiṇapassena sayāno nāma natthi</span> dakkhiṇahatthassa sarīraggahaṇādipayogakkhamato. Purisavasena cetaṃ vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tejussadattā</span>ti iminā sīhassa abhīrukabhāvaṃ dasseti. Bhīrukā hi sesamigā attano āsayaṃ pavisitvā santāsapubbakaṃ yathā tathā sayanti, sīho pana abhīrukabhāvato satokārī bhikkhu viya satiṃ upaṭṭhapetvāva sayati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘dve purimapāde’’</span>tiādi. Seti abyāvaṭabhāvena pavattati etthāti <span class="bld">seyyā,</span> catutthajjhānameva seyyā. Kiṃ pana taṃ catutthajjhānanti? Ānāpānacatutthajjhānaṃ. Tattha hi ṭhatvā vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā bhagavā anukkamena aggamaggaṃ adhigato tathāgato jātoti keci, tayidaṃ padaṭṭhānaṃ nāma na seyyā. Apare pana ‘‘catutthajjhānasamanantarā bhagavā parinibbāyī’’ti vuttapadaṃ gahetvā ‘‘lokiyacatutthajjhānasamāpatti tathāgataseyyā’’ti vadanti, tathā sati parinibbānakālikā tathāgataseyyāti āpajjati, na ca bhagavā catutthajjhānaṃ samāpajjanabahulo vihāsi, aggaphalajhānaṃ panettha ‘‘catutthajjhāna’’nti adhippetaṃ. Tattha yathā sattānaṃ niddupagamanalakkhaṇā seyyā <a name="V2.0219"></a> bhavaṅgacittavāravasena hoti, tañca tesaṃ paṭhamajātisamanvayaṃ yebhuyyavuttikaṃ, evaṃ bhagavato ariyajātisamanvayaṃ yebhuyyavuttikaṃ aggaphalabhūtaṃ catutthajjhānaṃ ‘‘tathāgataseyyā’’ti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Sīhaseyyā</span>ti seṭṭhaseyyāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘uttamaseyyā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para426"></a><a name="para426_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">426</span>. <span class="bld">Vigatantānī</span>ti iṇamūlāni. <span class="bld">Tesa</span>nti iṇamūlānaṃ. <span class="bld">Pariyanto</span>ti avaseso.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pavattinivāraṇena <span class="bld">catuiriyāpathaṃ chindanto. Ābādhatī</span>ti pīḷeti. <span class="bld">Dukkhito</span>ti sañjātadukkho. Appaṃ balaṃ <span class="bld">balamattā</span>. Appattho hi ayaṃ <span class="bld">mattā</span>-saddo ‘‘mattāsukhapariccāgā’’tiādīsu (dha. pa. 290) viya, balavattho pana <span class="bld">mattā</span>-saddo anatthantaro. <span class="bld">Sesa</span>nti ‘‘tassa hi bandhanā muttomhīti āvajjayato tadubhayaṃ hotī’’tiādinā vattabbaṃ sandhāyāha. <span class="bld">Sabbapadesū</span>ti vuttāvasiṭṭhesu sabbapadesu. Yenakāmaṃ yathāruci gacchatīti <span class="bld">yenakāmaṃgamo</span>ti <a name="M2.0235"></a> anunāsikalopaṃ akatvā niddeso. Bhujo attano yathāsukhaviniyogo isso icchitabbo etthāti <span class="bld">bhujisso,</span> sāmiko. So pana aparasantakatāya <span class="bld">‘‘attano santako’’</span>ti vutto. Dullabhaāpatāya kaṃ tārenti etthāti <span class="bld">kantāro</span>ti āha <span class="bld">‘‘nirudakaṃ dīghamagga’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vināsetī</span>ti khādanadubbiniyojanādīhi yathā iṇamūlaṃ kiñci na hoti, tathā karoti. <span class="bld">Yamhi</span> rāgavatthumhi. <span class="bld">So</span> puggalo. <span class="bld">Tena</span> rāgavatthunā, puriso ce itthiyā, itthī ce purisena. <span class="bld">Iṇaṃ viya kāmacchando daṭṭhabbo</span> pīḷāsamānato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na vindatī</span>ti na jānāti. <span class="bld">Upaddavethā</span>ti sukhavihārassa upaddavaṃ karotha, vibādhethāti attho. <span class="bld">Rogo viya byāpādo daṭṭhabbo</span> sukhabhañjanasamānato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nānāvidhahetūpāyālaṅkatatāya khandhāyatanadhātupaṭiccasamuppādādidhammanītivicittatāya ca <span class="bld">vicittanaye. Dhammassavane</span>ti dhammakathāyaṃ. Kathā hi sotabbaṭṭhena ‘‘savana’’nti vuttā. Evamettha sīlaṃ vibhattaṃ, evaṃ jhānābhiññā, evaṃ vipassanāmaggaphalānīti <span class="bld">neva tassa</span> dhammassavanassa <span class="bld">ādimajjhapariyosānaṃ jānāti. Uṭṭhite</span>ti niṭṭhite. <span class="bld">Aho kāraṇa</span>nti tattha tattha paṭiññānurūpena nikkhittasādhanavasena gahitakāraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Aho upamā</span>ti tasseva kāraṇassa patiṭṭhāpanavasena anvayato byatirekato ca patiṭṭhaṃ udāharaṇādi. <span class="bld">Bandhanāgāraṃ viya thinamiddhaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ</span> dukkhato niyyānassa vibandhanato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā <a name="V2.0220"></a> kukkuccanīvaraṇaṃ uddhaccarahitaṃ natthi, yasmā vā uddhaccakukkuccaṃ samānakiccāhārapaṭipakkhaṃ, tasmā kukkuccassa visayaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘vinaye apakataññunā’’</span>tiādimāha. Yathā hi uddhaccaṃ sattassa avūpasamakaraṃ, tathā kukkuccampi. Yathāpi uddhaccassa ñātivitakkādi āhāro, tathā kukkuccassapi. Yathā ca uddhaccassa samatho paṭipakkho, tathā kukkuccassapīti. <span class="bld">Dāsabyaṃ viya uddhaccakukkuccaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ</span> aseribhāvāpādanato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Soḷasavatthukā vicikicchā aṭṭhavatthukaṃ vicikicchaṃ anupaviṭṭhāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘aṭṭhasu ṭhānesu vicikicchā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Vicikicchanto</span>ti saṃsayanto. <span class="bld">Adhimuccitvā</span>ti <a name="M2.0236"></a> pattiyāyetvā. <span class="bld">Gaṇhitu</span>nti saddheyyavatthuṃ pariggahetuṃ. Abhimukhaṃ sappanaṃ <span class="bld">āsappanaṃ,</span> parito sappanaṃ <span class="bld">parisappanaṃ</span>. Padadvayenapi cittassa anicchanākārameva vadati. Khemantagāmimaggaṃ na pariyogāhati etenāti <span class="bld">apariyogāhanaṃ,</span> ussaṅkitaparisaṅkitabhāvena chambhitaṃ hoti cittaṃ yassa dhammassa vasena, so dhammo <span class="bld">chambhitatta</span>nti vicikicchanākāramāha. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘cittassa uppādayamānā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Kantāraddhānamaggo viyā</span>ti sāsaṅkakantāraddhānamaggo viya <span class="bld">daṭṭhabbā</span> appaṭipattihetubhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Natthi ettha iṇanti aṇaṇo, tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">āṇaṇyaṃ,</span> kassaci iṇassa adhāraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Samiddhakammanto</span>ti nipphannajīvikappayogo. Paribundhati uparodhetīti ra-kārassa la-kāraṃ katvā palibodho, aserivihāro, tassa mūlaṃ kāraṇanti <span class="bld">palibodhamūlaṃ. Cha dhamme bhāvetvā</span>ti asubhanimittaggāhādike cha dhamme uppādetvā vaḍḍhetvā. <span class="bld">Cha dhamme bhāvetvā</span>ti ca mettānimittaggāhādayo ca tattha tattha cha dhammāti vuttāti veditabbo. <span class="bld">Pajahatī</span>ti vikkhambhanavasena pajahati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ācārapaṇṇattiādīni sikkhāpiyamāno’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Paravatthumhī</span>ti visabhāgavatthusmiṃ, paravisaye vā. Paravisayā hete bhikkhuno, yadidaṃ pañca kāmaguṇā. <span class="bld">Āṇaṇyamiva kāmacchandappahānaṃ āha</span> piyavatthuabhāvāvahato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ācāravipattipaṭibāhakāni sikkhāpadāni <span class="bld">ācārapaṇṇattiādīni. Ārogyamiva byāpādappahānaṃ āha</span> kāyacittānaṃ phāsubhāvāvahato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bandhanā mokkhamiva thinamiddhappahānaṃ āha</span> cittassa niggahitabhāvāvahato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhujissaṃ viya uddhaccakukkuccappahānaṃ āha</span> cittassa seribhāvāvahato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tiṇaṃ</span> <a name="V2.0221"></a> <span class="bld">viyā</span>ti tiṇamiva katvā. <span class="bld">Agaṇetvā</span>ti acintetvā. <span class="bld">Khemantabhūmiṃ viya vicikicchāpahānaṃ āha</span> anussaṅkitāparisaṅkitabhāvena sammāpaṭipattihetubhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para427"></a><a name="para427_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">427</span>. Kirīyati (a. ni. ṭī. 3.5.28-29) gabbhāsaye khipīyatīti karo, sambhavo, karato jātoti <span class="bld">karajo,</span> mātāpettikasambhavoti attho. Mātuyā hi sarīrasaṇṭhāpanavasena <a name="M2.0237"></a> karato jātoti <span class="bld">karajo</span>ti apare. Ubhayathāpi <span class="bld">karajakāya</span>nti catusantatirūpamāha. <span class="bld">Temetī</span>ti tintaṃ karoti. Ko panettha tintabhāvoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘snehetī’’</span>ti, pītisnehena pīṇanaṃ karotīti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbattha pavattapītisukhaṃ karotī’’</span>ti. Pītisamuṭṭhānapaṇītarūpehi sakalassa karajakāyassa pariphuṭatāya cettha taṃsamuṭṭhāpakapītisukhānaṃ sabbattha pavatti jotitā. <span class="bld">Parisandetī</span>tiādīsupi eseva nayo. Tatthāpi hi ‘‘samantato sandeti temeti sneheti, sabbattha pavattapītisukhaṃ karotī’’tiādinā yathārahaṃ attho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Paripūretī</span>ti vāyunā bhastaṃ viya imaṃ karajakāyaṃ pītisukhena pūreti. <span class="bld">Samantato phusatī</span>ti imaṃ karajakāyaṃ pītisukhena phusati. <span class="bld">Sabbāvato</span>ti a-kārassa ā-kāro kato, sabbāvayavavatoti atthoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbakoṭṭhāsavato’’</span>ti, maṃsādisabbābhāgavatoti attho. <span class="bld">Aphuṭaṃ nāma na hoti</span> pītisukhasamuṭṭhānehi rūpehi sabbatthakameva byāpitattā. Kātuñceva yojetuñca cheko sannetuṃ paṭibaloti yojanā. Nhānīyacuṇṇānaṃ parimaddanavasena piṇḍaṃ karontena hatthena bhājanaṃ nippīḷetabbaṃ hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sannentassa bhijjatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Anugatā</span>ti anupaviṭṭhā. <span class="bld">Parigatā</span>ti parito samantato tintā. Tintabhāveneva samaṃ antaraṃ bāhirañca etissāti <span class="bld">santarabāhirā. Sabbatthakamevā</span>ti sabbattheva. <span class="bld">Na ca pagghariṇī</span> pamāṇayuttasseva udakassa sittattā. Ettha ca nhānīyapiṇḍaṃ viya karajakāyo, taṃ temetvā sampiṇḍitapamāṇayuttaudakaṃ viya paṭhamajjhānasukhaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para428"></a><a name="para428_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">428</span>. <span class="bld">Heṭṭhā ubbhijjitvā uggacchanaudako</span>ti rahadassa adhothūladhārāvasena ubbhijja uṭṭhahanaudako. <span class="bld">Antoyeva ubbhijjanaudako</span>ti rahadassa abbhantareyeva thūladhārā ahutvā uṭṭhitaudakasirāmukhehi ubbhijjanako. <span class="bld">Āgamanamaggo</span>ti nadītaḷākakandarasaraādito āgamanamaggo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para429"></a><a name="para429_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">429</span>. Uppalagacchāni ettha santīti <span class="bld">uppalinī</span> (a. ni. ṭī. 3.5.28-29), vāri. <span class="bld">Ayamettha vinicchayo,</span> tathā hi loke rattakkhiko ‘‘puṇḍarīkakkho’’ti vuccati. Keci pana <a name="V2.0222"></a> ‘‘rattaṃ padumaṃ, setaṃ puṇḍarīka’’nti vadanti. Uppalādīni viya karajakāyo, udakaṃ <a name="M2.0238"></a> viya tatiyajjhānasukhanti ayampi attho <span class="bld">‘‘purimanayenā’’</span>ti atideseneva vibhāvitoti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para430"></a><a name="para430_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">430</span>. <span class="bld">Nirupakkilesaṭṭhenā</span>ti rajojallādinā anupakkiliṭṭhatāya amalīnabhāvena. Amalīnampi kiñci vatthu pabhassarasabhāvaṃ hotīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pabhassaraṭṭhenā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Utupharaṇa</span>nti uṇhautupharaṇaṃ. Sabbatthakameva jhānasukhena phuṭṭho karajakāyo yathā utunā phuṭṭhavatthasadisoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vatthaṃ viya karajakāyo’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti ‘‘vatthaṃ viyā’’tiādinā vuttamevatthaṃ hetubhāvena paccāmasati, karajakāyassa vatthasadisattā catutthajjhānasukhassa ca utupharaṇasadisattāti attho. Santasabhāvattā ñāṇuttarattā cettha upekkhāpi sukhe saṅgahitāti catutthajjhānepi sukhaggahaṇaṃ kataṃ. ‘‘Parisuddhena pariyodātena pharitvā nisinno hotī’’ti vacanato catutthajjhānacittassa vatthasadisatā vuttā. Catutthajjhānasamuṭṭhānarūpehi bhikkhuno kāyassa phuṭabhāvaṃ sandhāya <span class="bld">‘‘taṃsamuṭṭhānarūpaṃ utupharaṇaṃ viyā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Purisassa kāyo viya bhikkhuno karajakāyoti ayaṃ panattho pākaṭoti na gahito, gahito eva vā ‘‘yathā hi katthaci…pe… kāyo phuṭo hotī’’ti vuttattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para431"></a><a name="para431_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">431</span>. <span class="bld">Pubbenivāsañāṇaupamāya</span>nti pubbenivāsañāṇassa dassitaupamāyaṃ. <span class="bld">Taṃdivasaṃkatakiriyā</span>gahaṇaṃ pākatikasattassapi yebhuyyena pākaṭā hotīti dassanatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Taṃdivasagatagāmattaya</span>ggahaṇeneva mahābhinīhārehi aññesampi pubbenivāsañāṇalābhīnaṃ tīsu bhavesu katā kiriyā yebhuyyena pākaṭā hotīti dīpitanti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para432"></a><a name="para432_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">432</span>. <span class="bld">Sammukhadvārā</span>ti aññamaññassa abhimukhadvārā. <span class="bld">Aparāparaṃ sañcarante</span>ti taṃtaṃkiccavasena ito cito ca sañcarante. <span class="bld">Ito pana gehā…pe… pavisanavasenapī</span>ti idaṃ cutūpapātañāṇassa visayadassanavasena vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Dvinnaṃ gehānaṃ antare ṭhatvā</span>ti dvinnaṃ gehadvārānaṃ sammukhaṭṭhānabhūte antaravīthiyaṃ vemajjhe ṭhatvā. Tesu hi ekassa ce pācīnamukhadvāraṃ itarassa pacchimamukhaṃ, tassa sammukhaṃ ubhinnaṃ antaravīthiyaṃ ṭhitassa dakkhiṇāmukhassa, uttarāmukhassa vā cakkhumato purisassa tattha pavisanakanikkhamanakapurisā yathā sukheneva <a name="M2.0239"></a> pākaṭā honti, evaṃ dibbacakkhuñāṇasamaṅgino cavanakaupapajjanakapurisā. Yathā pana tassa purisassa aññeneva khaṇena pavisantassa dassanaṃ, aññena nikkhamantassa dassanaṃ, evaṃ imassapi aññeneva khaṇena cavamānassa dassanaṃ, aññena upapajjamānassa dassananti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Ñāṇassa pākaṭāti ānetvā sambandho. <span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti ñāṇassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para433"></a><a name="para433_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">433</span>. Pabbatasikharaṃ <a name="V2.0223"></a> yebhuyyena saṃkhittaṃ saṅkucitaṃ hotīti idha pabbatamatthakaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pabbatasaṅkhepo’’</span>ti vuttaṃ, pabbatapariyāpanno vā padeso <span class="bld">pabbatasaṅkhepo. Anāvilo</span>ti akālusso. Sā cassa anāvilatā kaddamābhāvena hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘nikkaddamo’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ṭhitāsupi nisinnāsupi</span> gāvīsu. <span class="bld">Vijjamānāsū</span>ti labbhamānāsu. <span class="bld">Itarā</span> ṭhitāpi nisinnāpi <span class="bld">carantīti vuccanti</span> sahacaraṇañāyena. <span class="bld">Tiṭṭhantameva,</span> na kadācipi carantaṃ. <span class="bld">Dvaya</span>nti sippisammukaṃ macchagumbanti imaṃ ubhayaṃ <span class="bld">tiṭṭhantanti vuttaṃ,</span> carantampīti adhippāyo. Kiṃ vā imāya sahacariyāya, yathālābhaggahaṇaṃ panettha daṭṭhabbaṃ. Sakkharakathalassa hi vasena ‘‘tiṭṭhanta’’nti, sippisambukassa macchagumbassa ca vasena ‘‘tiṭṭhantampi, carantampī’’ti yojanā kātabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para434"></a><a name="para434_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">434</span>. <span class="bld">Bhikkhū</span>ti bhinnakilesoti bhikkhu. So hi paramatthato samaṇotināmako. Tattha ariyamaggena sabbaso pāpānaṃ samitāvīti <span class="bld">samaṇo</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘samitapāpattā’’</span>ti. Seṭṭhaṭṭhena brahmā vuccati sammāsambuddho, tato āgatoti brahmā, ariyamaggo, taṃ asammohapaṭivedhavasena aññāsīti <span class="bld">brāhmaṇo</span>. Taṃsamaṅgitāya hissa pāpānaṃ bāhitabhāvo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘bāhitapāpattā brāhmaṇo’’</span>ti. Aṭṭhaṅgikena ariyamaggajalena nhātavā niddhotakilesoti <span class="bld">nhātako. Gatattā</span>ti pahānābhisamayavasena paṭividdhattā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘viditattā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Nissutattā</span>ti samucchedappahānavasena santānato sabbaso nihatattā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘apahatattā’’</span>ti, mariyādavasena kilesānaṃ hiṃsitattā ariyamaggehi odhiso sabbaso kilesānaṃ samucchinnattāti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘hatattā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ārakattā</span>ti suppahīnatāya vippakaṭṭhabhāvato. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘dūrībhūtattā’’</span>ti. Ubhayampi ubhayattha yojetabbaṃ – kilesānaṃ ārakattā <a name="M2.0240"></a> hatattā dūrībhūtattā ca <span class="bld">ariyo,</span> tathā <span class="bld">araha</span>nti. Yaṃ panettha atthato na vibhattaṃ, taṃ uttānatthattā suviññeyyameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Mahāassapurasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.</p>
<p class="subhead">10. Cūḷaassapurasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para435"></a><a name="para435_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">435</span>. <span class="bld">Purimasadisamevā</span>ti <a name="V2.0224"></a> ‘‘assapuravāsīnaṃ bhikkhusaṅghe gāravabahumānaṃ nipaccakārañca disvā bhikkhū piṇḍapātāpacāyane niyojento idaṃ suttaṃ abhāsī’’ti purimasutte mahāassapure (ma. ni. aṭṭha. 2.415) vuttasadisameva. <span class="bld">Samaṇānaṃ anucchavikā</span>ti samaṇānaṃ samaṇabhāvassa anucchavikā patirūpā. <span class="bld">Samaṇānaṃ anulomappaṭipadā</span>ti samaṇānaṃ sāmaññasaṅkhātassa ariyamaggassa anukūlappaṭipadā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para436"></a><a name="para436_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">436</span>. <span class="bld">Ete dhammā</span>ti ete pāḷiyaṃ āgatā abhijjhābyāpādādayo pāpadhammā. <span class="bld">Uppajjamānā</span>ti uppajjamānā eva, pageva santāne bhāvitā. <span class="bld">Maline</span>ti malavante kiliṭṭhe. <span class="bld">Malaggahite</span>ti gahitamale sañjātamale. <span class="bld">Samaṇamalā</span>ti samaṇānaṃ samaṇabhāvassa malā. <span class="bld">Dussantī</span>ti vipajjanti vinassanti. <span class="bld">Samaṇadosā</span>ti samaṇānaṃ samaṇabhāvadūsanā. <span class="bld">Kasaṭe</span>ti asāre. <span class="bld">Niroje</span>ti nitteje. Ayato sukhato apetāti apāyā, nirayādayo, taṃ phalaṃ arahanti, taṃ payojanaṃ vā etesanti <span class="bld">āpāyikā. Ṭhānāni</span> abhijjhādayo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘apāye’’</span>tiādi. Kāraṇabhāvena duggatipariyāpannāya vedanāya hitānīti <span class="bld">duggativedaniyāni</span>. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘duggatiyaṃ vipākavedanāya paccayāna’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Tikhiṇaṃ aya</span>nti vekantakasadisaṃ sāraayaṃ. <span class="bld">Ayenā</span>ti ayoghaṃsakena. Koñcasakuṇānaṃ kira kucchiyaṃ nivutthaṃ yaṃ kiñci kharaṃ tikhiṇañca hoti. Tathā hi tesaṃ vaccaṃ aṭṭhimpi pāsāṇampi vilīyāpeti. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘koñcasakuṇe khādāpentī’’</span>ti. Taṃ kira ayacuṇṇaṃ aggināpi kicchena dayhati, bhesajjabalena pana sukhena dayheyya. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘susikkhitā ca naṃ ayakārā bahuhatthakammamūlaṃ labhitvā karontī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Atitikhiṇaṃ hoti,</span> aññataraṃ ayobandhanaṃ pheggudaṇḍaṃ viya sukheneva chindanti. Sasabiḷāracammehi <a name="M2.0241"></a> saṅghaṭitaṭṭhena <span class="bld">saṅghāṭī</span>ti vuccati āvudhaparicchadoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘saṅghāṭiyāti kosiyā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Pariyonaddha</span>nti parito onaddhaṃ chāditaṃ. <span class="bld">Samantato veṭhitanti</span> sabbaso pihitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para437"></a><a name="para437_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">437</span>. <span class="bld">Rajo</span>ti āgantukarajo. <span class="bld">Jalla</span>nti sarīre uṭṭhānakaloṇādimalaṃ. Rajojallañca vatasamādānavasena anapanītaṃ etassa atthīti <span class="bld">rajojalliko,</span> tassa. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘rajojalladhārino’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Udakaṃ orohantassā</span>tiādīnamattho mahāsīhanādasuttavaṇṇanāyaṃ vuttoyeva. <span class="bld">Sabbameta</span>ntiādīsu sabbasopi vatasamādānavasenāti adhippāyo. Yasmā sabbametaṃ bāhirasamayavaseneva <a name="V2.0225"></a> kathitaṃ, tasmā <span class="bld">saṅghāṭikassā</span>ti pilotikakhaṇḍehi saṅghaṭitattā ‘‘saṅghāṭī’’ti laddhanāmavatthadhārinoti attho. Tathā hi pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘saṅghāṭikassa’’icceva vuttaṃ, na ‘‘bhikkhuno’’ti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘imasmiṃ hī’’</span>tiādi. Kasmā panettha bhagavatā saṅghāṭikattādīniyeva vatasamādānāni paṭikkhittānīti? Nayadassanametaṃ aññesampi pañcātapamūgavatādīnaṃ tappaṭikkhepeneva pasiddhito. Apare pana bhaṇanti – ‘‘nāhaṃ, bhikkhave, saṅghāṭikassa saṅghāṭidhāraṇamattena sāmaññaṃ vadāmī’’ti vutte tattha nisinno koci titthantaraladdhiko acelakattaṃ nu kho kathanti cintesi, apare rajojallakattaṃ nu kho kathanti, evaṃ taṃ taṃ cintentānaṃ ajjhāsayavasena bhagavā imāneva vatasamādānāni idha paṭikkhipīti. <span class="bld">Saṅghāṭika</span>nti nivāsanapārupanavasena saṅghāṭivantaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘saṅghāṭikaṃ vattha’’</span>ntiādi. Attano ruciyā mittādayo <span class="bld">saṅghāṭikaṃ kareyyuṃ,</span> pacchā viññutaṃ pattakāle saṅghāṭikatte samādapeyyuṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para438"></a><a name="para438_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">438</span>. <span class="bld">Attānaṃ visujjhantaṃ passati</span> abhijjhādīnaṃ samudācārābhāvato. Maggena asamucchinnattā <span class="bld">visuddhoti pana na vattabbo. Pāmojja</span>nti taruṇapītimāha. Tassa hi attano sammāpaṭipattiyā kilesānaṃ vikkhambhitattā cittassa visuddhataṃ passantassa pāmojjaṃ jāyati, taṃ tuṭṭhākāraṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tuṭṭhākāro’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Pītī</span>ti passaddhiāvahā balavapīti. <span class="bld">Nāmakāyo passambhatī</span>ti iminā ubhayampi passaddhiṃ vadati. <span class="bld">Vediyatī</span>ti anubhavati vindati. Idāni tena nīvaraṇehi cittassa visodhanattaṃ laddhanti āha <a name="M2.0242"></a> <span class="bld">‘‘appanāppattaṃ viya hotī’’</span>ti. Aññattha uṭṭhitā aññaṃ ṭhānaṃ upagatāti ettakena upamābhāvena uccanīcatāsāmaññena heṭṭhā asaddhammānaṃ paṭipakkhavasena desanāya pariyosāpitattā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yathānusandhinā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Mahāsīhanādasutte maggo pokkharaṇiyā upamito</span> ‘‘seyyathāpi, sāriputta, pokkharaṇī’’tiādiṃ (ma. ni. 1.154) ārabhitvā upamāsaṃsandane ‘‘tathāyaṃ puggalo paṭipanno, tathā ca iriyati, tañca maggaṃ samāruḷho, yathā āsavānaṃ khayā’’ti (ma. ni. 1.154) vuttattā. Yathā hi puratthimādidisāhi āgatā purisā taṃ pokkharaṇiṃ āgamma visuddharūpakāyā vigatapariḷāhā ca honti, evaṃ khattiyādikulato āgatā tathāgatappaveditaṃ dhammavinayaṃ sāsanaṃ āgamma visuddhanāmakāyā vigatakilesapariḷāhā ca honti. Tasmā <span class="bld">sabbakilesānaṃ samitattā paramatthasamaṇo hotī</span>ti. Sesaṃ suviññeyyameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Cūḷaassapurasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.</p>
<p class="centered">Niṭṭhitā ca mahāyamakavaggavaṇṇanā.</p>
<a name="mn1_5"></a>
<p class="chapter">5. Cūḷayamakavaggo</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Sāleyyakasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para439"></a><a name="para439_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">439</span>. <span class="bld">Mahājanakāye</span> <a name="M2.0243"></a><a name="V2.0226"></a> <span class="bld">sannipatite</span>ti keci ‘‘pahaṃsanavidhiṃ dassetvā rājakumāraṃ hāsessāmā’’ti, keci ‘‘taṃ kīḷanaṃ passissāmā’’ti evaṃ mahājanasamūhe sannipatite. <span class="bld">Devanaṭa</span>nti dibbagandhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Kusalaṃ kusalanti vacanaṃ upādāyā</span>ti ‘‘kacci kusalaṃ? Āma kusala’’nti vacanapaṭivacanavasena pavattakusalavāditāya te manussā ādito kusalāti samaññaṃ labhiṃsu. Tesaṃ kusalānaṃ issarāti rājakumārā <span class="bld">kosalā</span>. Kosale jātā. Tesaṃ nivāsoti sabbaṃ pubbe vuttanayameva. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘so padeso kosalāti vuccatī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cārikaṃ caramāno</span>ti sāmaññavacanampi ‘‘mahatā…pe… tadavasarī’’ti vacanato visesaṃ niviṭṭhamevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘aturitacārikaṃ caramāno’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Mahatā</span>ti guṇamahattenapi saṅkhyāmahattenapi mahatā. Tasmiñhi bhikkhusamūhe keci adhisīlasikkhāvasena sīlasampannā, tathā keci sīlasamādhisampannā, keci sīlasamādhipaññāsampannāti guṇamahattenapi so bhikkhusamūho mahāti. Taṃ anāmasitvā saṅkhyāmahattameva dassento <span class="bld">‘‘sataṃ vā’’</span>tiādimāha. Aññagāmapaṭibaddhajīvikāvasena samosaranti etthāti <span class="bld">samosaraṇaṃ, gāmo</span> nivāsagāmo. Nti sālaṃ brāhmaṇagāmaṃ. <span class="bld">Vihāro</span>ti bhagavato viharaṇaṭṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti etasmiṃ <span class="bld">sāleyyakasutte. Aniyamito</span>ti asukasmiṃ ārāme pabbate rukkhamūle vāti na niyamito, sarūpaggahaṇavasena na niyamitvā vutto. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti aniyamitattā. Atthāpattisiddhamatthaṃ parikappanavasena dassento <span class="bld">‘‘vanasaṇḍo bhavissatī’’</span>ti āha, addhā bhaveyyāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upalabhiṃsū</span>ti (sārattha. ṭī. 1.1.verañjakaṇḍavaṇṇanā; dī. ni. ṭī. 1.255; a. ni. ṭī. 2.3.64) savanavasena upalabhiṃsūti imamatthaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘sotadvāra…pe… jāniṃsū’’</span>ti āha. Avadhāraṇaphalattā sabbampi vākyaṃ antogadhāvadhāraṇanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘padapūraṇamatte vā</span> <a name="V2.0227"></a> <span class="bld">nipāto’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Avadhāraṇatthe</span>ti pana iminā iṭṭhatthāvadhāraṇatthaṃ kho-saddaggahaṇanti dasseti. ‘‘Assosu’’nti <a name="M2.0244"></a> padaṃ kho-sadde gahite tena phullitamaṇḍitavibhūsitaṃ viya hontaṃ pūritaṃ nāma hoti, tena ca purimapacchimapadāni saṃsiliṭṭhāni honti, na tasmiṃ aggahiteti āha <span class="bld">‘‘padapūraṇena byañjanasiliṭṭhatāmattamevā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Matta</span>-saddo visesanivattiattho. Tenassa anatthantaradīpanataṃ dasseti, <span class="bld">eva</span>-saddena pana byañjanasiliṭṭhatāya ekantikataṃ. Sālāyaṃ jātā saṃvaḍḍhakā <span class="bld">sāleyyakā</span> yathā ‘‘katteyyakā ubbheyyakā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samitapāpattā</span>ti accantaṃ anavasesato savāsanaṃ samitapāpattā. Evañhi bāhirakavītarāgasekkhāsekkhapāpasamanato bhagavato pāpasamanaṃ visesitaṃ hoti. Anekatthattā nipātānaṃ idha anussavattho adhippetoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘khalūti anussavanatthe nipāto’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ālapanamatta</span>nti piyālāpavacanaṃ. Piyasamudāhārā hete ‘‘bho’’ti vā ‘‘āvuso’’ti vā ‘‘devānaṃpiyā’’ti vā. <span class="bld">Gottavasenā</span>ti ettha taṃ tāyatīti <span class="bld">gottaṃ</span>. Gotamoti hi pavattamānaṃ abhidhānaṃ buddhiñca ekaṃsikavisayatāya tāyati rakkhatīti <span class="bld">gotamagottaṃ</span>. Yathā hi buddhi ārammaṇabhūtena atthena vinā na vattati, evaṃ abhidhānaṃ abhidheyyabhūtena, tasmā so tāni tāyati rakkhatīti vuccati. So pana atthato aññakulaparamparāsādhāraṇaṃ tassa kulassa ādipurisasamudāgataṃ taṃkulapariyāpannasādhāraṇaṃ sāmaññarūpanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Uccākulaparidīpanaṃ</span> uditoditavipulakhattiyakulavibhāvanato. Sabbakhattiyānañhi ādibhūtamahāsammatamahārājato paṭṭhāya asambhinnaṃ uḷāratamaṃ sakyarājakulaṃ. <span class="bld">Kenaci pārijuññenā</span>ti ñātipārijuññabhogapārijuññādinā kenacipi pārijuññena parihāniyā <span class="bld">anabhibhūto</span> anajjhotthaṭo. Tathā hi kadācipi tassa kulassa tādisapārijuññābhāvo, abhinikkhamanakāle ca tato samiddhatamabhāvo loke pākaṭo paññātoti. <span class="bld">Sakyakulā pabbajito</span>ti idaṃ vacanaṃ bhagavato <span class="bld">saddhāpabbajitabhāvadīpanaṃ</span> vuttaṃ mahantaṃ ñātiparivaṭṭaṃ mahantañca bhogakkhandhaṃ pahāya pabbajitabhāvadīpanato. Ettha ca <span class="bld">samaṇo</span>ti iminā parikkhakajanehi bhagavato bahumatabhāvo dassito samitapāpatādīpanato, <span class="bld">gotamo</span>ti iminā lokiyajanehi uḷāratamakulīnatādīpanato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Abbhuggato</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">abhi</span>-saddo itthambhūtākhyāne, taṃyogato pana ‘‘bhavantaṃ gotama’’nti upayogavacanaṃ sāmiatthepi samānaṃ itthambhūtayogadīpanato <a name="M2.0245"></a> <span class="bld">‘‘itthambhūtākhyānatthe’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tassa kho pana bhoto gotamassāti attho’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Kalyāṇo</span>ti bhaddako. Sā cassa kalyāṇatā uḷāravisayatāyāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kalyāṇaguṇasamannāgato’’</span>ti. Taṃvisayatā hettha samannāgamo. <span class="bld">Seṭṭho</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo yathā ‘‘bhagavāti vacanaṃ seṭṭha’’nti (pārā. aṭṭha. 1.verañjakaṇḍavaṇṇanā; visuddhi. 1.142; udā. aṭṭha. 1; itivu. aṭṭha. nidānavaṇṇanā; mahāni. aṭṭha. 50). ‘‘Bhagavā <a name="V2.0228"></a> araha’’ntiādinā guṇānaṃ saṃkittanato saṃsaddanato ca kittisaddo vaṇṇoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kittiyevā’’</span>ti. Kittipariyāyopi hi sadda-saddo yathā taṃ ‘‘uḷārasaddā isayo guṇavanto tapassino’’ti. <span class="bld">Thutighoso</span>ti abhitthavudāhāro. <span class="bld">Ajjhottharitvā</span>ti paṭipakkhābhāvena anaññasādhāraṇatāya ca abhibhavitvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">So bhagavā</span>ti yo so samatiṃsa pāramiyo pūretvā sabbakilese bhañjitvā anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambuddho devānaṃ atidevo sakkānaṃ atisakko brahmānaṃ atibrahmā lokanātho bhāgyavantatādīhi kāraṇehi bhagavāti laddhanāmo, so bhagavā. ‘‘Bhagavā’’ti hi idaṃ satthu nāmakittanaṃ. Tathā hi vuttaṃ ‘‘bhagavāti netaṃ nāmaṃ mātarā kata’’ntiādi (mahāni. 149, 198, 210; cūḷani. ajitamāṇavapucchāniddesa 2). Parato pana ‘‘bhagavā’’ti guṇakittanameva. Evaṃ ‘‘araha’’ntiādīhi padehi ye sadevake loke ativiya paññātā buddhaguṇā, te nānappakārato vibhāvitāti dassetuṃ paccekaṃ itipi-saddo yojetabboti āha <span class="bld">‘‘itipi arahaṃ, itipi samāsambuddho…pe… itipi bhagavā’’</span>ti. ‘‘Itipetaṃ bhūtaṃ, itipetaṃ taccha’’ntiādīsu (dī. ni. 1.6) viya hi idha <span class="bld">iti</span>-saddo āsannapaccakkhakāraṇattho, <span class="bld">pi</span>-saddo sampiṇḍanattho tena tesaṃ guṇānaṃ bahubhāvadīpanato. Tāni guṇasallakkhaṇakāraṇāni saddhāsampannānaṃ viññujātikānaṃ paccakkhāni evāti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘iminā ca iminā ca kāraṇenāti vuttaṃ hotī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Tato visuddhimaggato. Tesa</span>nti ‘‘araha’’ntiādīnaṃ. <span class="bld">Vitthāro</span> atthaniddeso <span class="bld">gahetabbo</span>. Tato eva taṃsaṃvaṇṇanāyaṃ (visuddhi. mahāṭī. 1.130) vutto ‘‘ārakāti arahaṃ suvidūrabhāvato, ārakāti arahaṃ āsannabhāvato, rahitabbassa abhāvato, sayañca arahitabbato, natthi <a name="M2.0246"></a> etassa rahogamanaṃ gatīsu paccājāti, pāsaṃsabhāvato vā araha’’ntiādinā ‘‘araha’’ntiādīnaṃ padānaṃ attho vitthārato veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bhavanti cettha (visuddhi. mahāṭī. 1.130; sārattha. ṭī. 1.verañjakaṇḍavaṇṇanā) –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Sammā nappaṭipajjanti, ye nihīnāsayā narā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Ārakā tehi bhagavā, dūre tenārahaṃ mato.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Ye sammā paṭipajjanti, suppaṇītādhimuttikā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Bhagavā tehi āsanno, tenāpi arahaṃ jino.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Pāpadhammā <a name="V2.0229"></a> rahā nāma, sādhūhi rahitabbato;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tesaṃ suṭṭhu pahīnattā, bhagavā arahaṃ mato.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Ye sacchikatasaddhammā, ariyā suddhagocarā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Na tehi rahito hoti, nātho tenārahaṃ mato.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Raho vā gamanaṃ yassa, saṃsāre natthi sabbaso;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Pahīnajātimaraṇo, arahaṃ sugato mato.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Guṇehi sadiso natthi, yasmā loke sadevake;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tasmā pāsaṃsiyattāpi, arahaṃ dvipaduttamo.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Ārakā mandabuddhīnaṃ, āsannā ca vijānataṃ;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Rahānaṃ suppahīnattā, vidūnamaraheyyato;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Bhavesu ca rahābhāvā, pāsaṃsā arahaṃ jino’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sundara</span>nti bhaddakaṃ. Tañca passantassa hitasukhāvahabhāvena veditabbanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘atthāvahaṃ sukhāvaha’’</span>nti. Tattha <span class="bld">atthāvaha</span>nti diṭṭhadhammikasamparāyikaparamatthasañhitahitāvahaṃ. <span class="bld">Sukhāvaha</span>nti tappariyāpannatividhasukhāvahaṃ. <span class="bld">Tathārūpāna</span>nti tādisānaṃ. Yādisehi pana guṇehi bhagavā samannāgato, tehi catuppamāṇikassa lokassa sabbathāpi accantāya pasādanīyoti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘anekehipī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">yathābhūta…pe… arahata</span>nti iminā dhammappamāṇānaṃ lūkhappamāṇānaṃ sattānaṃ bhagavato pasādāvahatamāha, itarena itaresaṃ. <span class="bld">Dassanamattampi</span> <span class="bld">sādhu</span> <a name="M2.0247"></a> <span class="bld">hotī</span>ti ettha kosiyasakuṇassa vatthu kathetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Ekaṃ padampi sotuṃ labhissāma, sādhutaraṃyeva bhavissatī</span>ti ettha maṇḍūkadevaputtavatthu kathetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Iminā nayena agārikapucchā āgatā</span>ti idaṃ yebhuyyavasena vuttaṃ. Yebhuyyena hi agārikā evaṃ pucchanti. <span class="bld">Anagārikapucchāyapi</span> eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Yathā na sakkonti…pe… vissajjento</span>ti iminā satthu tesaṃ brāhmaṇagahapatikānaṃ niggaṇhanavidhiṃ dasseti. Tesañhi saṃkhittarucitāya saṅkhepadesanā, tāya atthaṃ ajānantā vitthāradesanaṃ āyācanti, sā ca nesaṃ saṃkhittarucitā paṇḍitamānitāya, so ca māno yathādesitassa atthassa ajānante appatiṭṭho hoti<a name="V2.0230"></a>, iti bhagavā tesaṃ mānaniggahavidhiṃ cintetvā saṅkhepeneva pañhaṃ vissajjesi, na sabbaso desanāya asallakkhaṇatthaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘paṇḍitamānikā hī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Yasmā maṃ tumhe yācatha,</span> saṃkhittena vuttamatthaṃ na jānitthāti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para440"></a><a name="para440_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">440</span>. ‘‘Ekavidhena ñāṇavatthu’’ntiādīsu (vibha. 751) viya koṭṭhāsattho <span class="bld">vidha</span>-saddo, so ca vibhattivacanavipallāsaṃ katvā paccatte karaṇavacanavasena <span class="bld">‘‘tividha’’</span>nti vutto. Attho pana karaṇaputhuvacanavasena daṭṭhabboti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tividhanti tīhi koṭṭhāsehī’’</span>ti. Pakārattho vā <span class="bld">vidha</span>-saddo, pakāratthattāyeva labbhamānaṃ adhammacariyāvisamacariyābhāvasāmaññaṃ, kāyadvārikabhāvasāmaññaṃ vā upādāya ekattaṃ netvā <span class="bld">‘‘tividha’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. Pakārabhede pana apekkhite ‘‘tividhā’’icceva vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Kāyenā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">kāyo</span>ti copanakāyo adhippeto, so ca adhammacariyāya dvārabhūto tena vinā tassā appavattanato. <span class="bld">Kāyenā</span>ti ca hetumhi karaṇavacanaṃ. Kiñcāpi hi adhammacariyāsaṅkhātacetanāsamuṭṭhānā sā viññatti, na ca sā paṭṭhāne āgatesu catuvīsatiyā paccayesu ekenapi paccayena cetanāya paccayo hoti, tassā pana tathāpavattamānāya kāyakammasaññitāya cetanāya pavatti hotīti tena dvārena lakkhitabbabhāvato tassā kāraṇaṃ viya ca sabbohāramattaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Kāyadvārenā</span>ti vā kāyena dvārabhūtena kāyadvārabhūtenāti taṃ itthambhūtalakkhaṇe karaṇavacanaṃ. Adhammaṃ carati etāyāti <span class="bld">adhammacariyā,</span> <a name="M2.0248"></a> tathāpavattā cetanā. <span class="bld">Adhammo</span>ti pana taṃsamuṭṭhāno payogo daṭṭhabbo. Dhammato anapetāti dhammā, na dhammāti adhammā, adhammā ca sā cariyā cāti <span class="bld">adhammacariyā</span>. Paccanīkasamanaṭṭhena samaṃ, samānaṃ sadisaṃ yuttanti vā samaṃ, sucaritaṃ. Samato vigataṃ, viruddhaṃ vā tassāti visamaṃ, duccaritaṃ. Sā eva visamā cariyāti <span class="bld">visamacariyā. Sabbesu kaṇhasukkapadesū</span>ti ‘‘catubbidhaṃ vācāya adhammacariyāvisamacariyā hotī’’tiādinā uddesaniddesavasena āgatesu sabbesu kaṇhapadesu – ‘‘tividhaṃ kho gahapatayo kāyena dhammacariyāsamacariyā hotī’’tiādinā uddesaniddesavasena āgatesu sabbesu sukkapadesu ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Rodeti kurūrakammantatāya parapaṭibaddhe satte assūni mocetīti ruddo, so eva <span class="bld">luddo</span> ra-kārassa la-kāraṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Kakkhaḷo</span>ti luddo. <span class="bld">Dāruṇo</span>ti pharuso. <span class="bld">Sāhasiko</span>ti sāhassakārī. <span class="bld">Sacepi na lippanti</span>. <span class="bld">Tathāvidho</span> paresaṃ ghātanasīlo <span class="bld">lohitapāṇītveva vuccati</span> yathā dānasīlo paresaṃ dānatthaṃ adhotahatthopi ‘‘payatapāṇī’’tveva vuccati. Paharaṇaṃ pahāradānamattaṃ <span class="bld">hataṃ,</span> pavuddhaṃ paharaṇaṃ parassa māraṇaṃ <span class="bld">pahata</span>nti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘hate’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">niviṭṭho</span>ti abhiniviṭṭho pasuto.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yassa <a name="V2.0231"></a> vasena ‘‘parassā’’ti sāminiddeso, taṃ sāpateyyaṃ. Yañhi sāmaññato gahitaṃ, taṃ teneva sāminiddesena pakāsitanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘parassa santaka’’</span>nti. Parassaparavittūpakaraṇanti vā ekamevetaṃ samāsapadaṃ, yaṃ kiñci parasantakaṃ visesato parassa vittūpakaraṇaṃ vāti attho. <span class="bld">Tehi parehī</span>ti yesaṃ santakaṃ, tehi. Yassa vasena puriso ‘‘theno’’ti vuccati, taṃ theyyanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘avaharaṇacittassetaṃ adhivacana’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Theyyasaṅkhātena,</span> na vissāsatāvakālikādivasenāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mate vā</span>ti <span class="bld">vā</span>-saddo avuttavikappattho. Tena pabbajitādibhāvaṃ saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Etenupāyenā</span>ti yaṃ mātari matāya, naṭṭhāya vā pitā rakkhati, sā <span class="bld">piturakkhitā</span>. Yaṃ ubhosu asantesu bhātā rakkhati, sā <a name="M2.0249"></a> <span class="bld">bhāturakkhitā</span>ti evamādiṃ sandhāyāha. <span class="bld">Sabhāgakulānī</span>ti āvāhakiriyāya sabhāgāni kulāni. Dassukavidhiṃ vā uddissa <span class="bld">ṭhapitadaṇḍā</span>rājādīhi. <span class="bld">Sammādiṭṭhisutte</span> (ma. ni. aṭṭha. 1.89) ‘‘asaddhammādhippāyena kāyadvārappavattā agamanīyaṭṭhānavītikkamacetanā’’ti evaṃ <span class="bld">vuttamicchācāralakkhaṇavasena</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Hatthapādādihetū</span>ti hatthapādādibhedanahetu. <span class="bld">Dhanahetū</span>ti dhanassa lābhahetu jānihetu ca. <span class="bld">Lābho</span>ti ghāsacchādanāni labbhatīti lābho. <span class="bld">Kiñcikkha</span>nti kiñcimattakaṃ āmisajātaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ vā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Jānantoyevā</span>ti musābhāvaṃ tassa vatthuno atthi, taṃ jānanto eva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aṇḍakā</span>ti vuccati rukkhe aṇḍasadisā gaṇṭhiyo. Yathā thaddhā visamā dubbinītā ca honti, evamevaṃ khuṃsanavambhanavasena pavattavācāpi hi ‘‘aṇḍakā’’ti vuttā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yathā sadose rukkhe’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Kakkasā</span>ti pharusā eva, so panassā kakkasabhāvo byāpādanimittatāya tato pūtikāti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yathā nāmā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Kaṭukā</span>ti aniṭṭhā. <span class="bld">Amanāpā</span>ti na manavaḍḍhanī, tato eva <span class="bld">dosajananī,</span> cittasandosuppattikārikā. <span class="bld">Mammesū</span>ti ghaṭṭanena dukkhuppattito mammasadisesu jātiādīsu. <span class="bld">Lagganakārī</span>ti evaṃ vadantassa evaṃ vadāmīti atthādhippāyena lagganakārī, na byañjanavasena. <span class="bld">Kodhassa āsannā</span> tassa kāraṇabhāvato. <span class="bld">Sadosavācāyā</span>ti attano samuṭṭhāpakadosassa vasena sadosavācāya <span class="bld">vevacanāni</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Akālenā</span>ti ayuttakālena. <span class="bld">Akāraṇanissita</span>nti nipphalaṃ. Phalañhi kāraṇanissitaṃ nāma tadavinābhāvato. Akāraṇanissitaṃ nipphalaṃ, samphanti attho. <span class="bld">Asabhāvavattā</span>ti ayāthāvavādī. <span class="bld">Asaṃvaravinayapaṭisaṃyuttassā</span>ti saṃvaravinayarahitassa, attano suṇantassa ca na saṃvaravinayāvahassa <span class="bld">vattā. Hadayamañjūsāyaṃ nidhetu</span>nti ahitasaṃhitattā cittaṃ anuppavisetvā nidhetuṃ<a name="V2.0232"></a>. <span class="bld">Ayuttakāle</span>ti dhammaṃ kathentena yo attho yasmiṃ kāle vattabbo, tato pubbe pacchā tassa akālo, tasmiṃ ayuttakāle <span class="bld">vattā hoti. Anapadesa</span>nti bhagavatā asukasutte evaṃ vuttanti suttāpadesavirahitaṃ. <span class="bld">Apariccheda</span>nti paricchedarahitaṃ<a name="M2.0250"></a>. Yathā pana vācā paricchedarahitā hoti, taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘suttaṃ vā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Upalabbha</span>nti anuyogaṃ. <span class="bld">Bāhirakathaṃyevā</span>ti yaṃ suttaṃ, jātakaṃ vā nikkhittaṃ, tassa sarīrabhūtaṃ kathaṃ anāmasitvā tato bahibhūtaṃyeva kathaṃ. <span class="bld">Sampajjitvā</span>ti viruḷhaṃ āpajjitvā. <span class="bld">Paveṇijātakāvā</span>ti anujātapārohamūlāniyeva tiṭṭhanti. <span class="bld">Āharitvā</span>ti nikkhittasuttato aññampi anuyogaupamāvatthuvasena tadanupayoginaṃ āharitvā. <span class="bld">Jānāpetu</span>nti etadatthamidaṃ vuttanti jānāpetuṃ yo sakkoti. <span class="bld">Tassa kathetu</span>nti tassa tathārūpassa dhammakathikassa bahumpi kathetuṃ vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Na atthanissita</span>nti attano paresañca na hitāvahaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Abhijjhāyanaṃ yebhuyyena parasantakassa dassanavasena hotīti <span class="bld">‘‘abhijjhāya oloketā hotī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Abhijjhāyanto vā abhijjhāyitaṃ vatthuṃ yattha katthaci ṭhitampi paccakkhato passanto viya abhijjhāyatīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘abhijjhāya oloketā hotī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Kammapathabhedo na hoti,</span> kevalaṃ lobhamattova hoti pariṇāmanavasena appavattattā. Yathā pana kammapathabhedo hoti, taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yadā panā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Pariṇāmetī</span>ti attano santakabhāvena pariggayha nāmeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vipannacitto</span>ti byāpādena vipattiṃ āpāditacitto. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘pūtibhūtacitto’’</span>ti. Byāpādo hi visaṃ viya lohitassa cittaṃ pūtibhāvaṃ janeti. <span class="bld">Dosena duṭṭhacittasaṅkappo</span>ti visena viya sappiādikopena dūsitacittasaṅkappo. <span class="bld">Ghātīyantū</span>ti hanīyantu. <span class="bld">Vadhaṃ pāpuṇantū</span>ti maraṇaṃ pāpuṇantu. <span class="bld">Mā vā ahesu</span>nti sabbena sabbaṃ na hontu. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kiñcipi mā ahesu’’</span>nti, anavasesavināsaṃ pāpuṇantūti attho. <span class="bld">Haññantūti ādicintanenevā</span>ti ekantato vināsacintāya eva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Micchādiṭṭhiko</span>ti ayoniso uppannadiṭṭhiko. So ca ekantato kusalapaṭipakkhadiṭṭhikoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘akusaladassano’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Vipallatthadassano</span>ti dhammatāya vipariyāsaggāhī. <span class="bld">Natthi dinna</span>nti deyyadhammasīsena dānaṃ vuttanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘dinnassa phalābhāvaṃ sandhāya vadatī’’</span>ti. Dinnaṃ pana annādivatthuṃ kathaṃ paṭikkhipati. Esa nayo <span class="bld">‘‘yiṭṭhaṃ huta’’</span>nti etthāpi. <span class="bld">Mahāyāgo</span>ti sabbasādhāraṇaṃ mahādānaṃ. <span class="bld">Paheṇakasakkāro</span>ti pāhunakānaṃ kattabbasakkāro. <span class="bld">Phala</span>nti ānisaṃsaphalañca nissandaphalañca. <span class="bld">Vipāko</span>ti sadisaṃ <a name="M2.0251"></a> phalaṃ. <span class="bld">Paraloke ṭhitassa ayaṃ loko natthī</span>ti paraloke ṭhitassa kammunā laddhabbo ayaṃ loko na hoti. <span class="bld">Idhaloke ṭhitassapi paraloko natthī</span>ti idhaloke ṭhitassa kammunā laddhabbo paraloko na hoti. Tattha kāraṇamāha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbe tattha tattheva ucchijjantī’’</span>ti<a name="V2.0233"></a>. Ime sattā yattha yattha bhavayonigatiādīsu ṭhitā tattha tattheva ucchijjanti nirudayavināsavasena vinassanti. <span class="bld">Phalābhāvavasenā</span>ti mātāpitūsu sammāpaṭipattimicchāpaṭipattīnaṃ phalassa abhāvavasena ‘‘natthi mātā, natthi pitā’’ti vadati, na mātāpitūnaṃ, nāpi tesu sammāpaṭipattimicchāpaṭipattīnaṃ abhāvavasena tesaṃ lokapaccakkhattā. Bubbuḷakassa viya imesaṃ sattānaṃ uppādo nāma kevalova, na cavitvā āgamanapubbakoti dassanatthaṃ ‘‘natthi sattā opapātikā’’ti vuttanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘cavitvā upapajjanakasattā nāma natthīti vadatī’’</span>ti. Samaṇena nāma yāthāvato jānantena kassaci kiñci akathetvā saññatena bhavitabbaṃ, aññathā ahopurisikā nāma siyā, kiṃ paro parassa karissati, tathā attano sampādanassa kassaci avasaro eva natthi tattha tattheva ucchijjanatoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ye imañca…pe… pavedentī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ettāvatā</span>ti ‘‘natthi dinna’’ntiādinā byapadesena. <span class="bld">Dasavatthukā</span>ti paṭikkhipitabbāni dasa vatthūni etissāti dasavatthukā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para441"></a><a name="para441_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">441</span>. <span class="bld">Anabhijjhādayo</span> heṭṭhā atthato pakāsitattā <span class="bld">uttānatthāyeva</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para442"></a><a name="para442_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">442</span>. Saha byayati gacchatīti sahabyo, sahavattanako, tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">sahabyatā,</span> sahapavattīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sahabhāvaṃ upagaccheyya’’</span>nti. Brahmānaṃ kāyo samūhoti brahmakāyo, tappariyāpannatāya tattha gatāti <span class="bld">brahmakāyikā</span>. Kāmaṃ cetāya sabbassapi brahmanikāyassa samaññāya bhavitabbaṃ, ‘‘ābhāna’’ntiādinā pana dutiyajjhānabhūmikādīnaṃ upari gahitattā gobalībaddañāyena tadavasesānaṃ ayaṃ samaññāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘brahmakāyikānaṃ devānanti paṭhamajjhānabhūmidevāna’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Ābhā nāma visuṃ</span> devā <span class="bld">natthi,</span> parittābhādīnaṃyeva pana ābhāvantatāsāmaññena ekajjhaṃ gahetvā pavattaṃ etaṃ adhivacanaṃ, yadidaṃ ‘‘ābhā’’ti yathā ‘‘brahmapārisajjabrahmapurohitamahābrahmānaṃ <a name="M2.0252"></a> brahmakāyikā’’ti. <span class="bld">Parittābhānantiādi panā</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena appamāṇābhānaṃ devānaṃ ābhassarānaṃ devānanti imaṃ pāḷiṃ saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Ekato aggahetvā</span>ti ābhāti vā, ekattakāyanānattasaññāti vā ekato aggahetvā. <span class="bld">Tesaṃyevā</span>ti ābhāti vuttadevānaṃyeva. <span class="bld">Bhedato gahaṇa</span>nti kāraṇassa hīnādibhedabhinnatādassanavasena parittābhādiggahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Iti bhagavā āsavakkhayaṃ dassetvā</span>ti evaṃ bhagavā dhammacariyaṃ, samacariyaṃ, vaṭṭanissitaṃ sugatigāmipaṭipadaṃ, vivaṭṭanissitaṃ āsavakkhayagāmipaṭipadaṃ katvā tibhavabhañjanato āsavakkhayaṃ dassetvā <span class="bld">arahattanikūṭena desanaṃ niṭṭhapesi</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Idha ṭhatvā</span>ti imasmiṃ dhammacariyāsamacariyāya niddese ṭhatvā. <span class="bld">Devalokā samānetabbā</span>ti chabbīsatipi <a name="V2.0234"></a> devalokā samodhānetabbā. <span class="bld">Vīsati brahmalokā</span>ti taṃtaṃbhavapariyāpannanikāyavasena vīsati brahmalokā, vīsati brahmanikāyāti attho. <span class="bld">Dasakusalakammapathehī</span>ti yathārahaṃ dasakusalakammapathehi kammūpanissayapaccayabhūtehi kevalaṃ upanissayabhūtehi ca <span class="bld">nibbatti dassitā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tiṇṇaṃ sucaritāna</span>nti tiṇṇaṃ kāmāvacarasucaritānaṃ. Kāmāvacaraggahaṇañcettha manosucaritāpekkhāya. <span class="bld">Vipākenevā</span>ti iminā vipākuppādeneva nibbatti hoti, na upanissayatāmattenāti dasseti. <span class="bld">‘‘Upanissayavasenā’’</span>ti vuttamatthaṃ vivarituṃ <span class="bld">‘‘dasa kusalakammapathā hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Dutiyādīni bhāvetvā</span>tiādīsupi ‘‘sīle patiṭṭhāyā’’ti padaṃ ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ. Kasmā panettha ‘‘upanissayavasenā’’ti vuttaṃ, nanu <span class="bld">paṭisambhidāmagge</span> (paṭi. ma. 1.41) – ‘‘paṭhamena jhānena nīvaraṇānaṃ pahānaṃ sīlaṃ, veramaṇi sīlaṃ, cetanā sīlaṃ, saṃvaro sīlaṃ, avītikkamo sīla’’ntiādinā sabbesupi jhānesu sīlaṃ uddhaṭanti tassa vasena uparidevalokānampi vipākena nibbatti vattabbāti? Na, tassa pariññāya desanattā, pariññāya desanatā cassa ‘‘yattha ca pahāna’’ntiādinā <span class="bld">visuddhimaggasaṃvaṇṇanāya</span>ñca (visuddhi. mahāṭī. 2.837, 839) pakāsitā eva. Tathā hi idhāpi ‘‘dasa kusalakammapathā hi sīla’’ntiādinā sīlassa rūpārūpabhavānaṃ upanissayatā vibhāvitā, na nibbattakatāya. Kasmā panettha bhāvanālakkhaṇāya dhammacariyāya bhavavisese vibhajiyamāne asaññabhavo na gahitoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘asaññabhavo</span> <a name="M2.0253"></a> <span class="bld">pana…pe… na niddiṭṭho’’</span>ti. Bāhirakā hi ayathābhūtadassitāya asaññabhavaṃ bhavavippamokkhaṃ maññamānā tadupagajjhānaṃ bhāvetvā asaññesu nibbattanti. Ayamettha saṅkhepo, yaṃ panettha vattabbaṃ, taṃ <span class="bld">brahmajālaṭṭhakathāyaṃ taṃsaṃvaṇṇanāya</span>ñca (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 1.68-73; dī. ni. ṭī. 1.68-73) vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Sāleyyakasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.</p>
<p class="subhead">2. Verañjakasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para444"></a><a name="para444_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">444</span>. <span class="bld">Verañjavāsino</span>ti <a name="V2.0235"></a> verañjagāmavāsino. Keci pana ‘‘vividharaṭṭhavāsino verañjakā’’ti etamatthaṃ vadanti, tesaṃ matena ‘‘verajjakā’’ti pāḷiyā bhavitabbanti. <span class="bld">Aniyamitakiccenā</span>ti ‘‘iminā nāmā’’ti evaṃ na niyamitena kiccena. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ viseso</span>ti ayaṃ puggalādhiṭṭhānadhammādhiṭṭhānakato imesu dvīsu suttesu desanāya viseso, attho pana desanānayo ca majjhe bhinnasuvaṇṇaṃ viya avisiṭṭhoti dasseti. Kasmā pana bhagavā katthaci puggalādhiṭṭhānadesanaṃ deseti, katthaci dhammādhiṭṭhānanti? Desanāvilāsato veneyyajjhāsayato ca. Desanāvilāsappattā hi buddhā bhagavanto, te yathāruci katthaci puggalādhiṭṭhānaṃ katvā, katthaci dhammādhiṭṭhānaṃ katvā dhammaṃ desenti. Ye pana veneyyā sāsanakkamaṃ anotiṇṇā, tesaṃ puggalādhiṭṭhānadesanaṃ desenti. Ye otiṇṇā, tesaṃ dhammādhiṭṭhānaṃ. Sammutisaccavisayā puggalādhiṭṭhānā, itarā paramatthasaccavisayā. Purimā karuṇānukūlā, itarā paññānukūlā. Saddhānusārigottānaṃ vā purimā. Te hi puggalappamāṇā, pacchimā dhammānusārīnaṃ. Saddhācaritatāya vā lokādhipatīnaṃ vasena puggalādhiṭṭhānā, paññācaritatāya dhammādhipatīnaṃ vasena dhammādhiṭṭhānā. Purimā ca neyyatthā, pacchimā nītatthā. Iti bhagavā taṃ taṃ visesaṃ avekkhitvā tattha tattha duvidhaṃ desanaṃ desetīti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Verañjakasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.</p>
<p class="subhead">3. Mahāvedallasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para449"></a><a name="para449_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">449</span>. Garubhāvo <a name="M2.0254"></a><a name="V2.0236"></a> gāravaṃ, pāsāṇacchattaṃ viya garukaraṇīyatā. Saha gāravenāti sagāravo, garunā kismiñci vutte gāravavasena patissavanaṃ patissavo, saha patissavena sappatissavo, patissavabhūtaṃ taṃsabhāgañca yaṃ kiñci garukaraṇaṃ. Sagārave sappatissavacanaṃ <span class="bld">sagāravasappatissavacanaṃ</span>. Garukaraṇaṃ vā gāravo, sagāravassa sappatissavacanaṃ <span class="bld">sagāravasappatissavacanaṃ</span>. Etena sabhāveneva sagāravassa tathāpavattaṃ vacananti dasseti. Aññattha <span class="bld">du</span>-saddo garahatthopi hoti ‘‘dukkhaṃ dupputto’’tiādīsu viya, idha pana so na sambhavati kucchitāya paññāya abhāvatoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘paññāya duṭṭhaṃ nāma natthī’’</span>ti. ‘‘Dussīlo’’tiādīsu viya abhāvattho <span class="bld">du</span>-saddoti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘appañño nippaññoti attho’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Kittakenā</span>ti kena parimāṇena. Taṃ pana parimāṇaṃ yasmā parimeyyassa atthassa paricchindanaṃ hoti, <span class="bld">nu</span>-saddo ca pucchāya jotako, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘kittāvatā nu khoti kāraṇaparicchedapucchā’’</span>ti vatvā <span class="bld">‘‘kittakena nu kho evaṃ vuccatīti attho’’</span>ti āha. ‘‘Kāraṇaparicchedapucchā’’ti iminā ‘‘kittāvatā’’ti sāmaññato pucchābhāvo dassito, na visesato, tassa pucchāvisesabhāvañāpanatthaṃ mahāniddese āgatā sabbāva pucchā atthuddhāranayena dasseti <span class="bld">‘‘pucchā ca nāmā’’</span>tiādinā. Adiṭṭhaṃ jotīyati etāyāti <span class="bld">adiṭṭhajotanā,</span> pucchā. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhasaṃsandanā</span> sākacchāvasena vinicchayakaraṇaṃ. Vimati chijjati etāyāti <span class="bld">vimaticchedanā</span>. Anumatiyā pucchā <span class="bld">anumatipucchā</span>. ‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave’’tiādipucchāya hi ‘‘kiṃ tumhākaṃ anumatī’’ti anumati pucchitā hoti. Kathetuṃ kamyatāya pucchā <span class="bld">kathetukamyatāpucchā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Lakkhaṇa</span>nti ñātuṃ icchito yo koci sabhāvo. <span class="bld">Aññāta</span>nti yena kenaci ñāṇena aññātabhāvaṃ āha. <span class="bld">Adiṭṭha</span>nti dassanabhūtena paccakkhaṃ viya adiṭṭhataṃ. <span class="bld">Atulita</span>nti ‘‘ettakaṃ ida’’nti tulanabhūtena atulitataṃ. <span class="bld">Atīrita</span>nti tīraṇabhūtena akatañāṇakiriyāsamāpanataṃ. <span class="bld">Avibhūta</span>nti ñāṇassa apākaṭabhāvaṃ. <span class="bld">Avibhāvita</span>nti ñāṇena apākaṭīkatabhāvaṃ. <span class="bld">Idha diṭṭhasaṃsandanāpucchā adhippetā,</span> na adiṭṭhajotanā vimaticchedanā cāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathamayaṃ <a name="M2.0255"></a> attho viññāyatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘thero hī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Sayaṃ vinicchinanto</span>ti sayameva tesaṃ pañhānaṃ atthaṃ visesena nicchinanto. <span class="bld">Idaṃ sutta</span>nti idaṃ pañcavīsatipañhapaṭimaṇḍitasuttaṃ, na <a name="V2.0237"></a> yaṃ kiñci anavaseseneva matthakaṃ pāpesīti. ‘‘Sayameva pañhaṃ samuṭṭhāpetvā sayaṃ vinicchinanto’’ti ettha catukkoṭikaṃ bhavatīti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘ekacco hī’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Pañhaṃ samuṭṭhāpetuṃyeva sakkotī</span>ti pucchanavidhiṃyeva jānāti. <span class="bld">Na nicchetu</span>nti nicchetuṃ na sakkoti, vissajjanavidhiṃ na jānātīti attho. <span class="bld">Visesaṭṭhāna</span>nti aññehi asadisaṭṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Therena sadiso</span>ti therena sadiso sāvako natthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saṃsanditvā</span>ti saṃyojetvā samānaṃ katvā, yathā tattha sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ pavattaṃ, tathā taṃ avilometvāti attho. <span class="bld">Līḷāyanto</span>ti līḷaṃ karonto. Dhammakathikatāya aggabhāvappattiyā tattha appaṭihatañāṇatāya buddhalīḷāya viya catunnaṃ parisānaṃ gamanaṃ gaṇhanto dhammakathaṃ katheti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ito vā etto vā anukkamitvā</span>ti uggahitakathāmaggato yattha katthaci īsakampi anukkamitvā uggahitaniyāmenevāti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yaṭṭhikoṭi’’</span>ntiādi. <span class="bld">Ekapadika</span>nti ekapadanikkhepamattaṃ. <span class="bld">Daṇḍakasetu</span>nti ekadaṇḍakamayaṃ setuṃ. Heṭṭhā ca upari ca suttapadānaṃ āharaṇena <span class="bld">tepiṭakaṃ buddhavacanaṃ heṭṭhupariyaṃ karonto</span>. Jātassarasadisañca gāthaṃ, suttapadaṃ vā nikkhipitvā tattha nānāupamākāraṇāni āharanto tāni ca tehi suttapadehi bodhento samuṭṭhāpento <span class="bld">‘‘jātassare pañcavaṇṇāni kusumāni phullāpento viya sinerumatthake vaṭṭisahassaṃ jālento viyā’’</span>ti vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekapaduddhāre</span>ti ekasmiṃ paduddhāraṇakkhaṇe. Padavasena <span class="bld">saṭṭhi padasatasahassāni</span> gāthāvasena <span class="bld">pannarasa gāthāsahassāni. Ākaḍḍhitvā gaṇhanto viyā</span>ti paccekaṃ pupphāni anocinitvā vallimeva ākaḍḍhitvā ekajjhaṃ pupphāni katvā gaṇhanto viya. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ekappahārenevā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Gatimantāna</span>nti atisayāya ñāṇagatiyā yuttānaṃ. <span class="bld">Dhitimantāna</span>nti dhāraṇabalena yuttānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anantanayussada</span>nti <a name="M2.0256"></a> paccayuppannabhāsitatthanibbānavipākakiriyādivasena anantapabhede visaye pavattiyā anantanayehi ussannaṃ upacitaṃ. Caturoghanittharaṇatthikānaṃ titthe ṭhapitanāvā viyāti yojanā. <span class="bld">Sahassayuttaājaññaratho</span>ti vejayantarathaṃ sandhāya vadati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā pucchāyaṃ byāpanicchānayena ‘‘duppañño duppañño’’ti āmeḍitavasena vuttaṃ, tasmā dhammasenāpati pucchitamatthaṃ vissajjento pucchāsabhāgena ‘‘nappajānāti nappajānātī’’ti āmeḍitavasenevāha. Tattha iti-saddo kāraṇatthoti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘yasmā nappajānāti, tasmā duppaññoti</span> <a name="V2.0238"></a> <span class="bld">vuccatī’’</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Idaṃ dukkha</span>nti idaṃ upādānakkhandhapañcakaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ. Tañca kho ruppanaṃ vediyanaṃ sañjānanaṃ abhisaṅkharaṇaṃ vijānananti saṅkhepato <span class="bld">ettakaṃ. Ito uddhaṃ</span> kiñci dhammajātaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ nāma <span class="bld">natthī</span>ti <span class="bld">yāthāvasarasalakkhaṇato</span> pavattikkamato ceva pīḷanasaṅkhatasantāpavipariṇāmalakkhaṇato ca yathābhūtaṃ ariyamaggapaññāya <span class="bld">nappajānāti</span>. Avasesapaccayasamāgame udayati uppajjati, svāyaṃ samudayo saṃsārapavattibhāvenāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pavattidukkhapabhāvikā’’</span>ti, dukkhasaccassa uppādikāti attho. <span class="bld">Yāthāvasarasalakkhaṇato</span>ti yathābhūtaṃ anupacchedakaraṇarasato ceva sampiṇḍananidānasaṃyogapalibodhalakkhaṇato ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Idaṃ nāma ṭhānaṃ patvā</span>ti idaṃ nāma appavattikāraṇaṃ āgamma. <span class="bld">Nirujjhatī</span>ti anuppādanirodhavasena nirujjhati, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ubhinnaṃ appavattī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Yāthāvasarasalakkhaṇato</span>ti yathābhūtaṃ accutirasato ceva nissaraṇavivekāsaṅkhatāmatalakkhaṇato ca. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ paṭipadā</span>ti ayaṃ sammādiṭṭhiādikā samodhānalakkhaṇā paṭipajjati etāyāti paṭipadā. <span class="bld">Dukkhanirodhaṃ gacchatī</span>ti dukkhanirodhaṃ nibbānaṃ sacchikiriyābhisamayavasena gacchati ārabbha pavattati. <span class="bld">Yāthāvasarasalakkhaṇato</span>ti yathābhūtaṃ kilesappahānakaraṇasarasato ceva niyyānahetudassanādhipateyyalakkhaṇato ca nappajānāti. <span class="bld">Anantaravāre</span>ti dutiyavāre. <span class="bld">Imināva nayenā</span>ti ‘‘idaṃ dukkhaṃ, ettakaṃ dukkha’’ntiādinā paṭhamavāre vuttanayena. Tattha hi duppaññaniddesattā pajānanapaṭikkhepavasena desanā āgatā, idha paññavantaniddesattā pajānanavasenāti ayameva viseso. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti dutiyavāre.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Savanato</span>ti <a name="M2.0257"></a> kammaṭṭhānassa savanato uggaṇhāti. Ganthasavanamukhena hi tadatthassa uggahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Ṭhapetvā taṇha</span>ntiādi tassa uggahaṇākāranidassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Abhinivisatī</span>ti vipassanābhinivesavasena abhinivisati vipassanākammaṭṭhānaṃ paṭṭhapeti. <span class="bld">No vivaṭṭe</span>ti vivaṭṭe abhiniveso na hoti avisayattā. <span class="bld">Aya</span>nti catusaccakammaṭṭhāniko.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pañcakkhandhā</span>ti pañcupādānakkhandhā. Khandhavasena vipassanābhinivesassa cakkhādivasena vedanādivasena ca satipi anekavidhatte sukaraṃ suviññeyyanti catudhātumukhena taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘dhātukammaṭṭhānavasena otaritvā’’</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Rūpanti vavatthapetī</span>ti ruppanaṭṭhena rūpanti asaṅkarato paricchindati. <span class="bld">Tadārammaṇā</span>ti taṃ rūpaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā pavattanakā. <span class="bld">Nāma</span>nti vedanādicatukkaṃ namanaṭṭhena nāmanti vavatthāpeti. <span class="bld">Yamakatālakkhandhaṃ bhindanto viya</span> yamakaṃ bhinditvā ‘‘arūpaṃ, rūpañcā’’ti <span class="bld">dveva ime dhammā,</span> na ettha koci attā vā attaniyaṃ vāti <span class="bld">nāmarūpaṃ vavatthapeti</span> paricchindati <a name="V2.0239"></a> pariggaṇhāti. Ettāvatā diṭṭhivisuddhi dassitā. <span class="bld">Taṃ panetaṃ</span> nāmarūpaṃ <span class="bld">na ahetukaṃ</span>. Yasmā sabbaṃ sabbattha sabbadā ca natthi, tasmā <span class="bld">sahetukaṃ</span>. Kīdisena hetunā? Na issarādivisamahetunā. Yaṃ panettha vattabbaṃ, taṃ <span class="bld">visuddhimaggasaṃvaṇṇanāyaṃ</span> (visuddhi. mahāṭī. 2.447) vuttanayena gahetabbaṃ. Sahetukattā eva <span class="bld">sapaccayaṃ</span>. <span class="bld">Avijjādayo</span>ti avijjātaṇhupādānakammāhārādayo. <span class="bld">Eva</span>nti ‘‘taṃ paneta’’ntiādinā vuttappakārena avijjādike <span class="bld">paccaye ceva</span> rūpavedanādike <span class="bld">paccayuppannadhamme ca vavatthapetvā</span> paricchinditvā pariggahetvā. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘avijjāsamudayā rūpasamudayo, taṇhāsamudayā rūpasamudayo’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.50). Ettāvatā kaṅkhāvitaraṇavisuddhiṃ dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Hutvā</span>ti hetupaccayasamavāye uppajjitvā. <span class="bld">Abhāvaṭṭhenā</span>ti tadanantarameva vinassanaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Aniccā</span>ti aniccā addhuvā. <span class="bld">Aniccalakkhaṇaṃ āropetī</span>ti tesu pañcasu khandhesu aniccatāsaṅkhātaṃ sāmaññalakkhaṇaṃ niropeti. <span class="bld">Tato</span>ti aniccalakkhaṇāropanato paraṃ, <span class="bld">tato</span> vā aniccabhāvato. <span class="bld">Udayabbayappaṭipīḷanākārenā</span>ti uppādanirodhehi pati pati abhikkhaṇaṃ pīḷanākārena hetunā <span class="bld">dukkhā</span> aniṭṭhā, dukkhamā vā. <span class="bld">Avasavattanākārenā</span>ti kassaci vasena avasavattanākārena. <span class="bld">Anattā</span>ti na sayaṃ attā, nāpi nesaṃ koci attā atthīti anattāti. <span class="bld">Tilakkhaṇaṃ</span> <span class="bld">āropetvā</span>ti <a name="M2.0258"></a> evaṃ aniccassa dukkhabhāvato, dukkhassa ca anattabhāvato khandhapañcake tividhampi sāmaññalakkhaṇaṃ āropetvā. <span class="bld">Sammasanto</span>ti udayabbayañāṇuppattiyā uppanne vipassanupakkilese pahāya maggāmaggaṃ vavatthapetvā udayabbayañāṇādivipassanāpaṭipāṭiyā saṅkhāre sammasanto gotrabhuñāṇānantaraṃ <span class="bld">lokuttaramaggaṃ pāpuṇāti</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekapaṭivedhenā</span>ti ekeneva ñāṇena paṭivijjhanena. <span class="bld">Paṭivedho</span> paṭighātābhāvena visaye nissaṅgacārasaṅkhātaṃ nibbijjhanaṃ. <span class="bld">Abhisamayo</span> avirajjhitvā adhigamanasaṅkhāto avabodho. ‘‘Idaṃ dukkhaṃ, ettaṃ dukkhaṃ, na ito bhiyyo’’ti paricchinditvā yāthāvato jānanameva vuttanayena paṭivedhoti <span class="bld">pariññāpaṭivedho,</span> idañca yathā ñāṇe pavatte pacchā dukkhassa sarūpādiparicchede sammoho na hoti, tathā pavattiṃ gahetvā vuttaṃ, na pana maggañāṇassa ‘‘idaṃ dukkha’’ntiādinā pavattanato. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tasmiñcassa khaṇe’’</span>tiādi. Pahīnassa puna apahātabbatāya pakaṭṭhaṃ hānaṃ cajanaṃ samucchindanaṃ pahānaṃ, pahānameva vuttanayena paṭivedhoti <span class="bld">pahānapaṭivedho</span>. Ayampi yena kilesena appahīyamānena maggabhāvanāya na bhavitabbaṃ, asati ca maggabhāvanāya yo uppajjeyya, tassa padaghātaṃ karontassa anuppattidhammataṃ āpādentassa ñāṇassa tathāpavattiyā paṭighātābhāvena <a name="V2.0240"></a> nissaṅgacāraṃ upādāya evaṃ vutto. Sacchikiriyā paccakkhakaraṇaṃ anussavākāraparivitakkādike muñcitvāva sarūpato ārammaṇakaraṇaṃ ‘‘idaṃ ta’’nti yāthāvasabhāvato gahaṇaṃ, sā eva vuttanayena paṭivedhoti <span class="bld">sacchikiriyāpaṭivedho</span>. Ayampi yassa āvaraṇassa asamucchindanato ñāṇaṃ nirodhaṃ ālambituṃ na sakkoti, tassa samucchindanato taṃ sarūpato vibhāvitameva pavattatīti evaṃ vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhāvanā</span> uppādanā vaḍḍhanā ca. Tattha paṭhamamagge uppādanaṭṭhena bhāvanā, dutiyādīsu vaḍḍhanaṭṭhena, ubhayatthāpi vā ubhayaṃ veditabbaṃ. Paṭhamamaggopi hi yathārahaṃ vuṭṭhānagāminiyaṃ pavattaṃ parijānanādiṃ vaḍḍhento pavattoti tatthāpi vaḍḍhanaṭṭhena bhāvanāti sakkā viññātuṃ. Dutiyādīsupi appahīnakilesappahānato puggalantarasādhanato ca uppādanaṭṭhena bhāvanā, sā eva vuttanayena paṭivedhoti <span class="bld">bhāvanāpaṭivedho</span>. Ayampi yathā ñāṇe pavatte pacchā maggadhammānaṃ sarūpaparicchede sammoho na hoti, tathā <a name="M2.0259"></a> pavattiṃ gahetvā vutto. Tiṭṭhantu tāva yathādhigatā maggadhammā, yathāpavattesu phalesupi ayaṃ yathādhigatasaccadhammesu viya vigatasammohova hoti sekkhopi samāno. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘diṭṭhadhammo pattadhammo viditadhammo pariyogāḷhadhammo’’ti (mahāva. 27). Yathā cassa dhammā tāsaṃ jotitā yathādhigatasaccadhammāvalambiniyo maggavīthito parato maggaphalapahīnāvasiṭṭhakilesanibbānānaṃ paccavekkhaṇā pavattanti. Dukkhasaccadhammā hi sakkāyadiṭṭhiādayo. Ayañca atthavaṇṇanā <span class="bld">pariññābhisamayenā</span>tiādīsupi vibhāvetabbā. <span class="bld">Kiccato</span>ti asammohato. <span class="bld">Nirodhaṃ ārammaṇato</span>ti ettha ‘‘ārammaṇatopī’’ti pi-saddo luttaniddiṭṭho daṭṭhabbo nirodhepi asammohapaṭivedhassa labbhanato. <span class="bld">Etassā</span>ti catusaccakammaṭṭhānikassa puggalassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paññavāti niddiṭṭho</span> nippariyāyato paññavantatāya idha adhippetattā. <span class="bld">Pāḷito</span>ti dhammato. <span class="bld">Atthato</span>ti aṭṭhakathāto. <span class="bld">Anusandhito</span>ti tasmiṃ tasmiṃ sutte taṃtaṃanusandhito. <span class="bld">Pubbāparato</span>ti pubbenāparassa saṃsandanato. Saṅgītikkamena cettha pubbāparatā veditabbā. Taṃtaṃdesanāyameva vā pubbabhāgena aparabhāgassa saṃsandanato. <span class="bld">Viññāṇacarito</span>ti vijānanacarito vīmaṃsanacarito tepiṭake buddhavacane vicāraṇācāravepullato. <span class="bld">Paññavāti na vattabbo</span> maggenāgatāya paññāya abhāvato. <span class="bld">Ajja ajjeva arahatta</span>nti ittaraṃ atikhippamevāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Paññavāpakkhaṃ bhajati</span> sekkhapariyāyasabbhāvato. <span class="bld">Sutte pana paṭivedhova kathito</span> saccābhisamayavasena āgatattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Esā</span>ti anantare vutto ariyapuggalo. <span class="bld">Kammakārakacitta</span>nti bhāvanākammassa pavattanakacittaṃ<a name="V2.0241"></a>. <span class="bld">Sukhavedanampi vijānātī</span>ti ko vediyati, kassa vedanā, kiṃkāraṇā vedanā, sopi kassaci abhāvaggahaṇamukhena sukhaṃ vedanaṃ sabhāvato samudayato atthaṅgamato assādato ādīnavato ca yathābhūtaṃ paricchindanto pariggaṇhanto sukhaṃ vedanaṃ vijānāti nāma. Sesapadadvayepi eseva nayo. Yasmā <span class="bld">‘‘satipaṭṭhāne’’</span>ti iminā satipaṭṭhānakathaṃ upalakkheti. Tāya hi tadattho veditabbo, tasmā taṃsaṃvaṇṇanāyampi (dī. ni. ṭī. 2.380) vuttanayena tassattho veditabbo<a name="M2.0260"></a>. Kāmañcetaṃ viññāṇaṃ vedanāto aññampi ārammaṇaṃ vijānāti, anantaravāre pana rūpamukhena vipassanābhinivesassa dassitattā idha arūpamukhena dassetuṃ ‘‘sukhantipi vijānātī’’tiādinā niddiṭṭhaṃ, pucchantassa vā ajjhāsayavasena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saṃsaṭṭhā</span>ti sampayuttā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ekuppādādilakkhaṇena saṃyogaṭṭhenā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Visaṃsaṭṭhā</span>ti vippayuttā. <span class="bld">Bhinditvā</span>ti aññabhūmikassa aññabhūmidassaneneva vināsetvā, saṃbhinditvā vā. <span class="bld">Saṃsaṭṭhabhāvaṃ pucchatī</span>ti taṃcittuppādapariyāpannānaṃ pañcaviññāṇānaṃ saṃsaṭṭhabhāvaṃ pucchati. Yadi evaṃ kathaṃ pucchāya avasaro visaṃsaṭṭhabhāvāsaṅkāya eva abhāvato? Na, cittuppādantaragatānaṃ maggapaññāmaggaviññāṇānaṃ vipassanāpaññāvipassanāviññāṇānañca vomissakasaṃsaṭṭhabhāvassa labbhamānattā. <span class="bld">Vinivaṭṭetvā</span>ti aññamaññato vivecetvā. <span class="bld">Nānākaraṇaṃ dassetuṃ na sakkā</span>ti idaṃ kevalaṃ saṃsaṭṭhabhāvameva sandhāya vuttaṃ, na sabhāvabhedaṃ, sabhāvabhedato pana nānākaraṇaṃ nesaṃ pākaṭameva. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ārammaṇato vā vatthuto vā uppādato vā nirodhato vā’’</span>ti. Idāni tameva sabhāvabhedaṃ visayabhedena suṭṭhu pākaṭaṃ katvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tesaṃ tesaṃ panā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Visayo</span>ti pavattiṭṭhānaṃ issariyabhūmi, yena cittapaññānaṃ tattha tattha pubbaṅgamatā vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāmañca vipassanāpi paññāvaseneva kiccakārī, maggopi viññāṇasahitova, na kevalo, yathā pana lokiyadhammesu cittaṃ padhānaṃ tatthassa dhorayhabhāvena pavattisabbhāvato. Tathā hi taṃ ‘‘chadvārādhipati rājā’’ti (dha. pa. aṭṭha. 2.181) vuccati, evaṃ lokuttaradhammesu paññā padhānā paṭipakkhavidhamanassa visesato tadadhīnattā. Tathā hi maggadhamme sammādiṭṭhi eva paṭhamaṃ gahitā. Ayañca nesaṃ visayavasena pavattibhedo, tathā ca paññāpanavidhi na kevalaṃ thereheva dassito, apica kho bhagavatāpi dassitoti vibhāvento <span class="bld">‘‘sammāsambuddhopī’’</span>tiādimāha. Yattha paññā na labbhati, tattha cittavasena pucchane vattabbameva natthi yathā ‘‘kiṃcitto tvaṃ bhikkhū’’tiādīsu (pārā. 132-135). Yattha pana paññā labbhati, tatthāpi cittavasena jotanā hoti yathā – ‘‘ajjhattameva cittaṃ saṇṭhapeti sannisādeti ekodiṃ karoti samādahati (saṃ. ni. 4.332), yasmiṃ samaye kāmāvacaraṃ kusalaṃ <a name="M2.0261"></a><a name="V2.0242"></a> cittaṃ uppannaṃ hotī’’tiādīsu (dha. sa. 1). <span class="bld">Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> pana lokiyadhammesu cittavasena, lokuttaradhammesu paññāvasena codanaṃ byatirekamukhena dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘katamā te bhikkhu paññā adhigatā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Yebhuyyavasena cetaṃ vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Tathā hi katthaci lokiyadhammā paññāsīsenapi niddisīyanti – ‘‘paṭhamassa jhānassa lābhino kāmasahagatā saññāmanasikārā samudācaranti hānabhāginī paññā’’tiādīsu (paṭi. ma. 1.1). Saññāsīsenapi – ‘‘uddhumātakasaññāti vā sesarūpārūpasaññāti vā ime dhammā ekatthā, udāhu nānatthā’’tiādīsu (pārā. aṭṭha. 45.padabhājanīyavaṇṇanā). Tathā lokuttaradhammāpi katthaci cittasīsena niddisīyanti – ‘‘yasmiṃ samaye lokuttaraṃ cittaṃ bhāvetī’’ti (dha. sa. 277), tathā phassādisīsenapi – ‘‘yasmiṃ samaye lokuttaraṃ phassaṃ bhāveti, vedanaṃ saññaṃ cetanaṃ bhāvetī’’tiādīsu (dha. sa. 277).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Catūsu sotāpattiyaṅgesū</span>ti sappurisasevanā, saddhammassavanaṃ, yonisomanasikāro, dhammānudhammapaṭipattīti imesu catūsu sotāpattimaggassa kāraṇesu. Kāmaṃ cetesu satiādayopi dhammā icchitabbāva tehi vinā tesaṃ asambhavato, tathāpi cettha saddhā visesato kiccakārīti veditabbā. Saddo eva hi sappurise payirupāsati, saddhammaṃ suṇāti, yoniso ca manasi karoti, ariyamaggassa ca anudhammaṃ paṭipajjati, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ettha saddhindriyaṃ daṭṭhabba’’</span>nti. Iminā nayena sesindriyesupi attho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Catūsu sammappadhānesū</span>ti catubbidhasammappadhānabhāvanāya. <span class="bld">Catūsu satipaṭṭhānesū</span>tiādīsupi eseva nayo. Ettha ca sotāpattiyaṅgesu saddhā viya sammappadhānabhāvanāya vīriyaṃ viya ca satipaṭṭhānabhāvanāya – ‘‘satimā vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassa’’nti (dī. ni. 2.373; ma. ni. 1.106; saṃ. ni. 5.384, 407) vacanato pubbabhāge kiccato sati adhikā icchitabbā. Evaṃ samādhikammikassa samādhi, ‘‘ariyasaccabhāvanā paññābhāvanā’’ti katvā tattha paññā pubbabhāge adhikā icchitabbāti pākaṭoyamattho, adhigamakkhaṇe pana samādhipaññānaṃ viya sabbesampi indriyānaṃ saddhādīnaṃ samarasatāva icchitabbā. Tathā hi <span class="bld">‘‘ettha saddhindriya’’</span>ntiādinā tattha tattha etthaggahaṇaṃ kataṃ. <span class="bld">Eva</span>nti yaṃ ṭhānaṃ, taṃ indriyasamattādiṃ paccāmasati. <span class="bld">Savisayasmiṃyevā</span>ti attano attano visaye <a name="M2.0262"></a> eva. <span class="bld">Lokiyalokuttarā dhammā kathitā</span>ti lokiyadhammā lokuttaradhammā ca tena tena pavattivisesena kathitā. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – saddhāpañcamesu indriyesu saha pavattamānesu tattha tattha visaye saddhādīnaṃ kiccādhikatāya tassa tasseva daṭṭhabbatā vuttā, na sabbesaṃ. Evaṃ aññepi lokiyalokuttarā dhammā yathāsakaṃ visaye pavattivisesavasena bodhitāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni <a name="V2.0243"></a> saddhādīnaṃ indriyānaṃ tattha tattha atirekakiccataṃ upamāya vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yathā hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tatridaṃ upamāsaṃsandanaṃ rājapañcamā sahāyā viya vimuttiparipācakāni pañcindriyāni. Nesaṃ kīḷanatthaṃ ekajjhaṃ vīthiotaraṇaṃ viya indriyānaṃ ekajjhaṃ vipassanāvīthiotaraṇaṃ. Sahāyesu paṭhamādīnaṃ yathāsakageheva vicāraṇā viya saddhādīnaṃ sotāpattiaṅgādīni patvā pubbaṅgamatā. Sahāyesu itaresaṃ tattha tattha tuṇhībhāvo viya sesindriyānaṃ tattha tattha tadanvayatā. Tassa pubbaṅgamabhūtassa indriyassa kiccānugatatā. Na hi tadā tesaṃ sasambhārapathavīādīsu āpādīnaṃ viya kiccaṃ pākaṭaṃ hoti, saddhādīnaṃyeva pana kiccaṃ vibhūtaṃ hutvā tiṭṭhati puretaraṃ tathāpaccayehi cittasantānassa abhisaṅkhatattā. Ettha ca vipassanākammikassa bhāvanā visesato paññuttarāti dassanatthaṃ rājānaṃ nidassanaṃ katvā paññindriyaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Itī</span>tiādi yathādhigatassa atthassa nigamanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Maggaviññāṇampī</span>ti ariyamaggasahagataṃ apacayagāmiviññāṇampi. <span class="bld">Tatheva taṃ vijānātī</span>ti saccadhammaṃ ‘‘idaṃ dukkha’’ntiādinā nayeneva vijānāti ekacittuppādapariyāpannattā maggānukūlattā ca. <span class="bld">Yaṃ vijānātī</span>ti ettha vijānanapajānanāni vipassanācittuppādapariyāpannāni adhippetāni, na ‘‘yaṃ pajānātī’’ti ettha viya maggacittuppādapariyāpannāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ saṅkhāragata’’</span>ntiādi. <span class="bld">Tathevā</span>ti ‘‘anicca’’ntiādinā nayena. Ekacittuppādapariyāpannattā vipassanābhāvato ca samānapaccayehi saha pavattikatā <span class="bld">ekuppādatā,</span> tato eva ekajjhaṃ saheva nirujjhanaṃ <span class="bld">ekanirodhatā,</span> ekaṃyeva vatthuṃ nissāya pavatti <span class="bld">ekavatthukatā,</span> ekaṃyeva ārammaṇaṃ ārabbha pavatti <span class="bld">ekārammaṇatā</span>. Hetumhi cetaṃ karaṇavacanaṃ. Tena ekuppādāditāya saṃsaṭṭhabhāvaṃ sādheti. Anavasesapariyādānañcetaṃ, ito tīhipi sampayuttalakkhaṇaṃ hotiyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Maggapaññaṃ</span> <a name="M2.0263"></a> <span class="bld">sandhāya vuttaṃ,</span> sā hi ekantato bhāvetabbā, na pariññeyyā, paññāya pana bhāvetabbatāya taṃsampayuttadhammāpi taggatikāva hontīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘taṃsampayuttaṃ panā’’</span>tiādi. Kiñcāpi vipassanāpaññāya bhāvanāvasena pavattanato taṃsampayuttaviññāṇampi tatheva pavattati, tassa pana pariññeyyabhāvānativattanato pariññeyyatā vuttā. Tenevāha – ‘‘yampi taṃ dhammaṭṭhitiñāṇaṃ, tampi khayadhammaṃ vayadhammaṃ virāgadhammaṃ nirodhadhamma’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para450"></a><a name="para450_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">450</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ santepī</span>ti vedanāti evaṃ sāmaññaggahaṇe satipi. <span class="bld">Tebhūmikasammasanacāravedanāvā</span>ti bhūmittayapariyāpannā, tato eva sammasanañāṇassa gocarabhūtā vedanā eva adhippetā sabrahmacārīnaṃ upakārāvahabhāvena desanāya āraddhattā. Tathā hi vuttaṃ ‘‘caturoghanittharaṇatthikāna’’ntiādi<a name="V2.0244"></a>. Esa nayo paññāyapi. Idha sukhādisaddā tadārammaṇavisayāti imamatthaṃ suttena sādhetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘rūpañca hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ekantadukkha</span>nti ekanteneva aniṭṭhaṃ, tato eva dukkhamatāya dukkhaṃ. Ārammaṇakaraṇavasena dukkhavedanāya anupatitaṃ, otiṇṇañcāti <span class="bld">dukkhānupatitaṃ, dukkhāvakkantaṃ</span>. Sukhena anavakkantaṃ abhavissāti yojanā. <span class="bld">Nayida</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">ida</span>nti nipātamattaṃ. <span class="bld">Sārajjeyyu</span>nti sārāgaṃ uppādeyyuṃ. <span class="bld">Sukha</span>nti sabhāvato ca iṭṭhaṃ. <span class="bld">Sārāgā saṃyujjantī</span>ti bahalarāgahetu yathārahaṃ dasahipi saṃyojanehi saṃyujjanti. <span class="bld">Saṃyogā saṃkilissantī</span>ti tathā saṃyuttatāya taṇhāsaṃkilesādivasena saṃkilissanti, vibādhīyanti upatāpīyanti cāti attho. <span class="bld">Ārammaṇa</span>nti iṭṭhaṃ, aniṭṭhaṃ, majjhattañca ārammaṇaṃ yathākkamaṃ sukhaṃ, dukkhaṃ, adukkhamasukhanti kathitaṃ. Evaṃ avisesena pañcapi khandhe sukhādiārammaṇabhāvena dassetvā idāni vedanā eva sukhādiārammaṇabhāvena dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘apicā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Pākatikapacurajanavasenāyaṃ kathitāti katvā <span class="bld">‘‘purimaṃ sukhaṃ vedanaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Visesalābhī pana anāgatampi sukhaṃ vedanaṃ ārammaṇaṃ karoteva. <span class="bld">Vuttametaṃ</span> satipaṭṭhānavaṇṇanāyaṃ (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 2.380; ma. ni. aṭṭha. 1.79). Vedanāya hi ārammaṇaṃ vediyantiyā taṃsamaṅgīpuggalo vedetīti vohāramattaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbasaññāyā</span>ti sabbāyapi catubhūmikasaññāya. <span class="bld">Sabbatthakasaññāyā</span>ti sabbasmiṃ cittuppāde pavattanakasaññāya. <span class="bld">Vatthe vā</span>ti <span class="bld">vā</span>-saddena vaṇṇadhātuṃ saṅgaṇhāti<a name="M2.0264"></a>. <span class="bld">Pāpento</span>ti bhāvanaṃ upacāraṃ vā appanaṃ vā upanento. <span class="bld">Uppajjanakasaññāpī</span>ti ‘‘nīlaṃ rūpaṃ, rūpārammaṇaṃ nīla’’nti uppajjanakasaññāpi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Asabbasaṅgāhikattā</span>ti sabbesaṃ vedanāsaññāviññāṇānaṃ asaṅgahitattā. <span class="bld">Takkagata</span>nti suttakantanakatakkamhi, suttavattanakatakkamhi vā veṭhanavasena ṭhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Parivaṭṭakādigata</span>nti suttaveṭhanaparivaṭṭakādigataṃ. <span class="bld">Vissaṭṭhattāva na gahitā,</span> yadaggena paññā viññāṇena saddhiṃ sampayogaṃ labhāpitā, tadaggena vedanāsaññāhipi sampayogaṃ labhāpitā evāti. <span class="bld">Tadeva sañjānāti</span> saṃsaṭṭhabhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sañjānāti vijānātī</span>ti ettha ‘‘pajānātī’’ti padaṃ ānetvā vattabbaṃ pajānanavasenapi visesassa vakkhamānattā. <span class="bld">Jānātī</span>ti ayaṃ saddo ca laddatoyevettha aviseso, atthato pana visesato icchitabbo. Anekatthattā hi dhātūnaṃ tena ākhyātapadena nāmapadena ca vuttamatthaṃ upasaggapadaṃ jotakabhāvena viseseti, na vācakabhāvena. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tassapi jānanatthe viseso veditabbo’’</span>ti<a name="V2.0245"></a>. Etena saññāviññāṇapaññāpadāni antogadhajānanatthe yathāsakaṃ visiṭṭhavisaye ca niṭṭhānīti dasseti. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘saññā hī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Sañjānanamattamevā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">matta</span>-saddena visesanivattiatthena vijānanapajānanākāre nivatteti, <span class="bld">eva</span>-saddena kadācipi imissā te visesā natthevāti avadhāreti. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘aniccaṃ dukkha’’</span>ntiādi. Tattha viññāṇakiccampi kātuṃ asakkontī saññā kuto paññākiccaṃ kareyyāti <span class="bld">‘‘lakkhaṇapaṭivedhaṃ pāpetuṃ na sakkoti’’</span>cceva vuttaṃ, na vuttaṃ ‘‘maggapātubhāva’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ārammaṇe pavattamānaṃ viññāṇaṃ na saññā viya nīlapītādimattasañjānanavasena pavattati, atha kho tattha aññampi tādisaṃ visesaṃ jānantameva pavattatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘viññāṇa’’</span>ntiādi. Kathaṃ pana viññāṇaṃ lakkhaṇapaṭivedhaṃ pāpetīti? Paññāya dassitamaggena. Lakkhaṇārammaṇikavipassanāya hi anekavāraṃ lakkhaṇāni paṭivijjhitvā pavattamānāya paguṇabhāvato paricayavasena ñāṇavippayuttacittenapi vipassanā sambhavati, yathā taṃ paguṇassa ganthassa ajjhayane tattha tattha gatāpi vārā <a name="M2.0265"></a> na upadhārīyanti. ‘‘Lakkhaṇapaṭivedha’’nti ca lakkhaṇānaṃ ārammaṇakaraṇamattaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ, na paṭivijjhanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ussakkitvā</span>ti udayabbayañāṇādiñāṇapaṭipāṭiyā ārabhitvā. <span class="bld">Maggapātubhāvaṃ pāpetuṃ na sakkoti</span> asambodhasabhāvattā. <span class="bld">Ārammaṇampi sañjānā</span>ti avabujjhanavaseneva, na sañjānanamattena. Tathā <span class="bld">lakkhaṇapaṭivedhampi pāpeti,</span> na vijānanamattena, attano pana aññāsādhāraṇena ānubhāvena ussakkitvā maggapātubhāvampi pāpeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni yathāvuttamatthaṃ upamāya vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yathā hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">ajātabuddhī</span>ti asañjātabyavahārabuddhi. <span class="bld">Upabhogaparibhoga</span>nti upabhogaparibhogārahaṃ, upabhogaparibhogavatthūnaṃ paṭilābhayogganti attho. <span class="bld">Kūṭo</span>ti kahāpaṇapatirūpako tambakaṃsādimayo. <span class="bld">Cheko</span>ti mahāsāro. <span class="bld">Karato</span>ti aḍḍhasāro. <span class="bld">Saṇho</span>ti mudujātiko samasāro. <span class="bld">Iti</span>-saddo ādiattho. Tena pādasāraparopādasāraaḍḍhasārādīnaṃ saṅgaho. <span class="bld">Jānanto ca pana naṃ rūpaṃ disvāpi…pe… asukācariyena katotipi jānāti</span> tathā heraññikaganthassa suggahitattā. <span class="bld">Evameva</span>ntiādi upamāsaṃsandanaṃ. Saññāvibhāgaṃ akatvā piṇḍavaseneva ārammaṇassa gahaṇato dārakassa kahāpaṇadassanasadisā vuttā. Tathā hi sā yathāupaṭṭhitavisayapadaṭṭhānā vuccati. Viññāṇaṃ ārammaṇe ekaccavisesaggahaṇasamatthabhāvato gāmikapurisakahāpaṇadassanasadisaṃ vuttaṃ. Paññā pana ārammaṇe anavasesāvabodhato heraññikakahāpaṇadassanasadisā vuttā. <span class="bld">Nesa</span>nti saññāviññāṇapaññānaṃ<a name="V2.0246"></a>. <span class="bld">Viseso</span>ti sabhāvaviseso. <span class="bld">Duppaṭivijjho</span> pakatipaññāya. Imināva nesaṃ accantasukhumataṃ dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekārammaṇe pavattamānāna</span>nti ekasmiṃyeva ārammaṇe pavattamānānaṃ. Tena abhinnavisayābhinnakālatādassanena avinibbhogavuttitaṃ vibhāvento duppaṭivijjhataṃyeva ulliṅgeti. <span class="bld">Vavatthāna</span>nti asaṅkarato ṭhapanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ phasso…pe… idaṃ citta</span>nti nidassanamattametaṃ. <span class="bld">Iti</span>-saddo vā ādiattho. Tena sesadhammānampi saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Ida</span>nti arūpīnaṃ dhammānaṃ vavatthānakaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Tato</span>ti yaṃ vuttaṃ tilatelādiuddharaṇaṃ, tato. Yadi dukkarataraṃ, kathaṃ tanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘bhagavā panā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para451"></a><a name="para451_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">451</span>. <span class="bld">Nissaṭenā</span>ti <a name="M2.0266"></a> nikkhantena ataṃsambandhena. <span class="bld">Pariccattenā</span>ti pariccattasadisena paccayabhāvānupagamanena paccayuppannasambandhābhāvato. <span class="bld">Nissakkavacanaṃ</span> apādānadīpanato. <span class="bld">Karaṇavacanaṃ</span> kattuatthadīpanato. Kāmāvacaramanoviññāṇaṃ na niyamato ‘‘idaṃ nāma pañcadvārikāsambandhā’’ti sakkā vattuṃ, rūpāvacaraviññāṇaṃ pana na tathāti, tasseva pañcahi indriyehi nissaṭatā vuttāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘rūpāvacaracatutthajjhānacittenā’’</span>ti. Catutthajjhānaggahaṇaṃ tasseva arūpāvacarassa padaṭṭhānabhāvato. <span class="bld">Parisuddhenā</span>ti visesato asaṃkilesikattāva. Tañhi vigatūpakkilesatāya visesato parisuddhaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘nirupakkilesenā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Jānitabbaṃ neyyaṃ,</span> saparasantānesu idaṃ atisayaṃ jānitabbato bujjhitabbaṃ bodhetabbaṃ vāti attho. <span class="bld">Neyya</span>nti vā attano santāne netabbaṃ pavattetabbanti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘nibbattetuṃ sakkā hoti. Ettha ṭhitassa hi sā ijjhatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Pāṭiyekka</span>nti visuṃ visuṃ, anupadadhammavasenāti attho. <span class="bld">Abhinivesābhāvato</span>ti vipassanābhinivesassa asambhavato. <span class="bld">Kalāpato nayato</span>ti kalāpasammasanasaṅkhātato nayavipassanato. <span class="bld">Bhikkhuno</span>ti sāvakassa. Sāvakasseva hi tatra anupadadhammavipassanā na sambhavati, na satthu. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tasmā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Vissajjesī</span>ti tappaṭibaddhachandarāgappahānena pajahati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Hatthagatattā</span>ti hatthagatasadisattā, āsannattāti attho. Yadā hi lokanātho bodhimūle aparājitapallaṅke nisinno – ‘‘kicchaṃ vatāyaṃ loko āpanno’’tiādinā (dī. ni. 2.57; saṃ. ni. 2.4, 10) paṭiccasamuppādamukhena vipassanābhinivesaṃ katvā adhigantabbasabbaññutaññāṇānurūpaṃ chattiṃsakoṭisahassamukhena mahāvajirañāṇaṃ nāma mahābodhisattasammasanaṃ pavattento anekākārasamāpattidhammasammasane anupadameva nevasaññānāsaññāyatanadhammepi <a name="V2.0247"></a> aparāparaṃ sammasi. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘bhagavā panā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Paropaññāsā</span>ti dvepaññāsaṃ. Kāmañcettha keci dhammā vedanādayo phassapañcamakādīsu vuttāpi jhānakoṭṭhāsādīsupi saṅgahitā, taṃtaṃpaccayabhāvavisiṭṭhena pana atthavisesena dhammantarāni viya hontīti evaṃ vuttaṃ. Tathā hi lokuttaracittuppādesu navindriyatā vuccati. <span class="bld">Aṅguddhārenā</span>ti tattha labbhamānajhānaṅgabojjhaṅgamaggaṅgānaṃ uddharaṇena. <span class="bld">Aṅga</span>-saddo <a name="M2.0267"></a> vā koṭṭhāsapariyāyo, tasmā <span class="bld">aṅguddhārenā</span>ti phassapañcamakādikoṭṭhāsānaṃ samuddharaṇena. <span class="bld">Yāvatā saññāsamāpattiyo</span>ti yattakā saññāsahagatā jhānasamāpattiyo, tāhi vuṭṭhāya adhigandhabbattā tāvatikā veneyyānaṃ <span class="bld">aññāpaṭivedho</span> arahattasamadhigamo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dassanapariṇāyakaṭṭhenā</span>ti andhassa yaṭṭhikoṭiṃ gahetvā maggadesako viya dhammānaṃ yathāsabhāvadassanasaṅkhātena pariṇāyakabhāvena. Yathā vā so tassa cakkhubhūto, evaṃ sattānaṃ paññā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘cakkhubhūtāya paññāyā’’</span>ti. Samādhisampayuttā paññā <span class="bld">samādhipaññā</span>. Samādhi cettha āruppasamādhīti vadanti, sammasanapayogo pana koci jhānasamādhīti yuttaṃ. Vipassanābhūtā paññā <span class="bld">vipassanāpaññā</span>. Samādhipaññāya antosamāpattiyaṃ <span class="bld">kiccato pajānāti,</span> ‘‘samāhito yathābhūtaṃ pajānātī’’ti pana vacanato (saṃ. ni. 3.5; 4.99-100; 3.5.1071-1072; netti. 40; mi. pa. 2.1.14) <span class="bld">asammohato pajānāti</span>. Tattha <span class="bld">kiccato</span>ti gocarajjhatte ārammaṇakaraṇakiccato. <span class="bld">Asammohato</span>ti sampayuttadhammesu sammohavidhamanato yathā pītipaṭisaṃvedanādīsu. <span class="bld">Kimatthiyā</span>ti kiṃpayojanāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ko etissā attho’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Abhiññeyye dhamme</span>ti yāthāvasarasalakkhaṇāvabodhavasena abhimukhaṃ ñeyye jānitabbe khandhāyatanādidhamme. <span class="bld">Abhijānātī</span>ti salakkhaṇato sāmaññalakkhaṇato ca abhimukhaṃ avirajjhanavasena jānāti. Etena ñātapariññābyāpāramāha. <span class="bld">Pariññeyye</span>ti aniccātipi dukkhātipi anattātipi paricchijja jānitabbe. <span class="bld">Parijānātī</span>ti ‘‘yaṃ kiñci rūpaṃ…pe… aniccaṃ khayaṭṭhenā’’tiādinā (paṭi. ma. 1.48) paricchinditvā jānāti. Iminā tīraṇapariññābyāpāramāha. <span class="bld">Pahātabbe dhamme</span>ti niccasaññādike yāva arahattamaggavajjhā sabbe pāpadhamme. <span class="bld">Pajahati</span> pakaṭṭhato jahati, vikkhambheti ceva samucchindati cāti attho. Iminā pahānapariññābyāpāramāha. Sā panesā paññā lokiyāpi tippakārā lokuttarāpi, tāsaṃ visesaṃ sayamevāha. <span class="bld">Kiccato</span>ti abhijānanavasena ārammaṇakiccato. <span class="bld">Asammohato</span>ti yathābalaṃ abhiññeyyādīsu sammohavidhamanato. Nibbānamārammaṇaṃ katvā pavattanato abhiññeyyādīsu vigatasammohato evāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘lokuttarā asammohato’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para452"></a><a name="para452_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">452</span>. Kammassakatā <a name="M2.0268"></a><a name="V2.0248"></a> sammādiṭṭhi ca vaṭṭanissitattā idha nādhippetā, vivaṭṭakathā hesāti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vipassanāsammādiṭṭhiyā ca maggasammādiṭṭhiyā cā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Parato ghoso</span>ti parato satthuto, sāvakato vā labbhamāno dhammaghoso. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sappāyadhammassavana’’</span>nti. Tañhi sammādiṭṭhiyā paccayo bhavituṃ sakkoti, na yo koci paratoghoso. <span class="bld">Upāyamanasikāro</span>ti yena nāmarūpapariggahādi sijjhati, tādiso pathamanasikāro. Ayañca sammādiṭṭhiyā paccayoti niyamapakkhiko, na sabbasaṃgāhakoti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘paccekabuddhānaṃ panā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Yonisomanasikārasmiṃyevā</span>ti avadhāraṇena paratoghosameva nivatteti, na padaṭṭhānavisesaṃ paṭiyogīnivattanatthattā eva-saddassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Laddhupakārā</span>ti (a. ni. ṭī. 3.5.25) yathārahaṃ nissayādivasena laddhapaccayā. Vipassanāsammādiṭṭhiyā anuggahitabhāvena gahitattā maggasammādiṭṭhīsu ca <span class="bld">arahattamaggasammādiṭṭhi,</span> anantarassa hi vidhi, paṭisedho vā. Aggaphalasamādhimhi tapparikkhāradhammesuyeva ca kevalo cetopariyāyo niruḷhoti <span class="bld">sammādiṭṭhīti arahattamaggasammādiṭṭhi. Phalakkhaṇe</span>ti anantare kālantare cāti duvidhe phalakkhaṇe. Paṭippassaddhivasena sabbasaṃkilesehi ceto vimuccati etāyāti <span class="bld">cetovimutti,</span> aggaphalapaññaṃ ṭhapetvā avasesā phaladhammā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘cetovimutti phalaṃ assā</span>ti. <span class="bld">Cetovimuttisaṅkhātaṃ phalaṃ ānisaṃso’’</span>ti, sabbasaṃkilesehi cetaso vimuccanasaṅkhātaṃ paṭippassambhanasaññitaṃ pahānaṃ phalaṃ ānisaṃso cāti yojanā. Idha ca cetovimutti-saddena pahānamattaṃ gahitaṃ, pubbe pahāyakadhammā, aññathā phaladhammā eva ānisaṃsoti gayhamāne punavacanaṃ niratthakaṃ siyā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paññāvimuttiphalānisaṃsā</span>ti etthāpi evameva attho veditabbo. Sammāvācākammantājīvā sīlasabhāvattā visesato samādhissa upakārā, tathā sammāsaṅkappo jhānasabhāvattā. Tathā hi so ‘‘appanā’’ti niddiṭṭho. Sammāsatisammāvāyāmā pana samādhipakkhiyā evāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘avasesā dhammā cetovimuttīti veditabbā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Catupārisuddhisīla</span>nti ariyamaggādhigamassa padaṭṭhānabhūtaṃ catupārisuddhisīlaṃ. <span class="bld">Sutā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo. Attano cittappavattiārocanavasena saha kathanaṃ saṃkathā, saṃkathāva <a name="M2.0269"></a> <span class="bld">sākacchā</span>. Idha pana kammaṭṭhānapaṭibaddhāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kammaṭṭhāne…pe… kathā’’</span>ti. Tattha kammaṭṭhānassa ekavāraṃ vīthiyā appaṭipajjanaṃ khalanaṃ, anekavāraṃ pakkhalanaṃ, tadubhayassa vicchedanīkathā <span class="bld">khalanapakkhalanachedanakathā. Pūrentassā</span>ti vivaṭṭanissitaṃ katvā pālentassa brūhentassa ca. <span class="bld">Suṇantassā</span>ti ‘‘yathāuggahitakammaṭṭhānaṃ phātiṃ gamissatī’’ti <a name="V2.0249"></a> evaṃ suṇantassa. Teneva hi <span class="bld">‘‘sappāyadhammassavana’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Kammaṃ karontassā</span>ti bhāvanānuyogakammaṃ karontassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pañcasupi ṭhānesu <span class="bld">anta</span>-saddo hetuatthajotano daṭṭhabbo. Evañhi <span class="bld">‘‘yathā hī’’</span>tiādinā vuccamānā ambupamā ca yujjeyya. <span class="bld">Udakakoṭṭhaka</span>nti ālavālaṃ. <span class="bld">Thiraṃ katvā bandhatī</span>ti asithilaṃ daḷhaṃ nātimahantaṃ nātikhuddakaṃ katvā yojeti. <span class="bld">Thiraṃ karotī</span>ti udakasiñcanakāle tato tato vissaritvā udakassa anikkhamanatthaṃ ālavālaṃ thirataraṃ karoti. <span class="bld">Sukkhadaṇḍako</span>ti tasseva ambagacchakassa sukkho sākhāsīsako. <span class="bld">Kipillikapuṭo</span>ti tambakipillikakuṭajaṃ. <span class="bld">Khaṇitti</span>nti kudālaṃ. <span class="bld">Koṭṭhakabandhanaṃ viya sīlaṃ</span> sammādiṭṭhiyā vaḍḍhanupāyassa mūlabhāvato. <span class="bld">Udakasiñcanaṃ viya dhammassavanaṃ</span> bhāvanāya paribrūhanato. <span class="bld">Mariyādāya thirabhāvakaraṇaṃ viya samatho</span> yathāvuttabhāvanādhiṭṭhānāya sīlamariyādāya daḷhabhāvāpādanato. Samāhitassa hi sīlaṃ thirataraṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Samīpe valliādīnaṃ haraṇaṃ viya kammaṭṭhāne khalanapakkhalanacchedanaṃ</span> ijjhitabbabhāvanāya vibandhāpanayanato. <span class="bld">Mūlakhaṇanaṃ viya sattannaṃ anupassanānaṃ bhāvanā</span> tassā vibandhassa mūlakānaṃ taṇhāmānadiṭṭhīnaṃ palikhaṇanato. Ettha ca yasmā suparisuddhasīlassa kammaṭṭhānaṃ anuyuñjantassa sappāyadhammassavanaṃ icchitabbaṃ, tato yathāsute atthe sākacchāsamāpajjanaṃ, tato kammaṭṭhānavisodhanena samathanipphatti, tato samāhitassa āraddhavipassakassa vipassanāpāripūri. Paripuṇṇavipassano maggasammādiṭṭhiṃ paribrūhetīti evametesaṃ aṅgānaṃ paramparāya sammukhā ca anuggaṇhanato ayamānupubbī kathitāti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para453"></a><a name="para453_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">453</span>. <span class="bld">Idha kiṃ pucchatī</span>ti idha evaṃ arahattaphalaṃ pāpitāya desanāya ‘‘kati panāvuso, bhavā’’ti bhavaṃ pucchanto kīdisaṃ anusandhiṃ upādāya pucchatīti attho. Teneva hi <span class="bld">‘‘mūlameva gato anusandhī’’</span>ti vatvā adhippāyaṃ <a name="M2.0270"></a> pakāsento <span class="bld">‘‘duppañño’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Duppañño</span>ti hi idha appaṭividdhasacco adhippeto, na jaḷo eva. <span class="bld">Kāmabhavo</span>tiādīsu kammopapattibhedato duvidhopi bhavo adhippetoti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘kāmabhavūpagaṃ kamma’’</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ <span class="bld">visuddhimagge</span> <span class="bld">taṃsaṃvaṇṇanāyaṃ</span> (visuddhi. 2.647; visuddhi. mahāṭī. 2.646-647) vuttanayena veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Punabbhavassā</span>ti punappunaṃ aparāparaṃ bhavanato jāyanato punabbhavoti laddhanāmassa vaṭṭapabandhassa. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘idha vaṭṭaṃ pucchissāmī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Abhinibbattī</span>ti bhavayonigatiādivasena nibbatti. <span class="bld">Tahiṃ tahiṃ</span> tasmiṃ tasmiṃ bhavādike. <span class="bld">Abhinandanā</span>ti taṇhāabhinandanahetu. <span class="bld">Gamanāgamanaṃ hotīti</span>ādinā bhavādīsu sattānaṃ aparāparaṃ cutipaṭisandhiyo dasseti. <span class="bld">Khayanirodhenā</span>ti accantakhayasaṅkhātena anuppādanirodhena. <span class="bld">Ubhayametaṃ na vattabbaṃ</span> pahānābhisamayabhāvanābhisamayānaṃ <a name="V2.0250"></a> accāsannakālattā. Vattabbaṃ taṃ hetuphaladhammūpacāravasena. Yathā hi padīpujjalanahetuko andhakāravigamo, evaṃ vijjuppādahetuko avijjānirodho, hetuphaladhammā ca samānakālāpi pubbāparakālā viya voharīyanti yathā – ‘‘cakkhuñca paṭicca rūpe ca uppajjati cakkhuviññāṇa’’nti (ma. ni. 1.204, 400; ma. ni. 3.420, 425, 426; saṃ. ni. 2.43-45; 2.4.60; kathā. 465, 467) paccayapaccayuppannakiriyā. <span class="bld">Gamanaṃ upacchijjati</span> idha kāmabhave parinibbānena. <span class="bld">Āgamanaṃ upacchijjati</span> tattha rūpārūpesu parinibbānena. <span class="bld">Gamanāgamanaṃ upacchijjati</span> sabbaso aparāparuppattiyā abhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para454"></a><a name="para454_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">454</span>. Vivaṭṭakathāya parato jotitaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ vivaṭṭaṃ patvā ṭhitassa ukkaṭṭhaniddesena ubhatobhāgavimuttassa nirodhasādhakaṃ vibhāvituṃ yuttanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘katamaṃ panāvusoti idha kiṃ pucchatī’’</span>tiādi. Tathā hi anantaraṃ nirodhasamāpajjanakena bhikkhunā jānitabbāni paṭhamassa jhānassa sampayogapahānaṅgāni pucchitāni. <span class="bld">Aṅgavavatthāna</span>nti jhānaṅgavavatthānaṃ. <span class="bld">Koṭṭhāsaparicchedo</span>ti tattha labbhamānaphassapañcamakādidhammakoṭṭhāsaparicchedo jānitabbo. Imasmiṃ jhāne ettakā dhammā saṃvijjanti, ettakā nirodhitāti jānitabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Upakārānupakārāni aṅgānī</span>ti nirodhasamāpattiyā upakārāni ca anupakārāni ca aṅgāni. Nirodhasamāpattiyā hi soḷasahi ñāṇacariyāhi navahi samādhicariyāhi ca pattabbattā taṃtaṃñāṇassa samādhicariyāhi samatikkamitabbā dhammā anupakārakaṅgāni, samatikkamakā <a name="M2.0271"></a> upakārakaṅgāni. Tesañhi vasena yathānupubbaṃ upasantupasantaoḷārikabhāvāya bhavaggasamāpattiyā saṅkhārāvasesasukhumataṃ pattā cittacetasikā yathāparicchinnaṃ kālaṃ nirujjhanti, appavattiṃ gacchanti. <span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti nirodhassa. <span class="bld">Anantarapaccaya</span>nti anantarapaccayasadisaṃ. Na hi nirodhassa koci dhammo anantarapaccayo nāma atthi. Yañhi tadā cittacetasikānaṃ tathā nirujjhanaṃ, taṃ yathāvuttapubbābhisaṅkhārahetukāya nevasaññānāsaññāyatanasamāpattiyā ahosīti sā tassa anantarapaccayo viya hotīti taṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Cha samāpattiyo</span>ti suttantanayena vuttasuttantapiṭakasaṃvaṇṇanāti katvā. ‘‘Satta samāpattiyo’’ti pana vattabbaṃ, aññathā idaṃ ‘‘caturaṅgika’’nti na vattabbaṃ siyā. <span class="bld">Nayaṃ vā dassetvā</span>ti ādiantadassanavasena nayadassanaṃ katvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para455"></a><a name="para455_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">455</span>. Evaṃ nirodhassa pādakaṃ vibhāvetvā idāni antonirodhe anupabandhabhāvato pañcannaṃ pasādānaṃ paccayapucchane paṭhamaṃ tāva te sarūpato āveṇikato āveṇikavisayato paṭissaraṇato ca pucchanavasena pāḷi pavattāti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘viññāṇanissaye pañca pasāde pucchanto’’</span>ti <a name="V2.0251"></a> āha. <span class="bld">Gocaravisaya</span>nti ettha kāmaṃ tabbahulacāritāpekkhaṃ gocaraggahaṇaṃ, anaññatthabhāvāpekkhaṃ visayaggahaṇanti attheva gocaravisayabhāvānaṃ viseso, vivariyamānaṃ pana ubhayampi ārammaṇasabhāvamevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘gocarabhūtaṃ visaya’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Ekekassā</span>ti eko ekassa, añño aññassāti attho. Aññattho hi ayaṃ <span class="bld">eka</span>-saddo ‘‘ittheke abhivadantī’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 3.27) viya. <span class="bld">Sace hī</span>tiādi abhūtaparikappanavacanametaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">samodhānetvā</span>ti ekajjhaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Vināpi mukhenā</span>tiādinā atthasallāpikanidassanaṃ nāma dasseti. Yathā viññāṇādhiṭṭhitameva cakkhu rūpaṃ passati, na kevalaṃ, evaṃ cakkhunissayameva viññāṇaṃ taṃ passati, na itaranti āha <span class="bld">‘‘cakkhupasāde upanehī’’</span>ti. Tena tesaṃ tattha saṃhaccakāritaṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Yadi vā nīlaṃ yadi vā pītaka</span>nti idaṃ nīlapītādisabhāvajānanamattaṃ sandhāyāha. <span class="bld">Nīlaṃ pītaka</span>nti pajānanaṃ cakkhuviññāṇassa nattheva avikappakabhāvato. <span class="bld">Etesaṃ</span> cakkhuviññāṇādīnaṃ. Nissayasīsena nissitapucchā hesā, evañhi visayānubhavanacodanā samatthitā hoti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘cakkhuviññāṇaṃ hī’’</span>tiādi. Yathāsakaṃ visayaṃ rajjanādivasena anubhavituṃ <a name="M2.0272"></a> asamatthāni cakkhuviññāṇādīni, tattha samatthatāyeva ca natthi, na kiñci atthato paṭisarantāni viya hontīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kiṃ etāni paṭisarantī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Javanamano paṭisaraṇa</span>nti pañcadvārikaṃ itarañca sādhāraṇato vatvā puna yāya’ssa rajjanādipavattiyā paṭisaraṇatā, sā savisesā yattha labbhati, taṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘manodvārikajavanamano vā’’</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Etasmiṃ pana dvāre</span>ti cakkhudvāre javanaṃ rajjati vā dussati vā muyhati vā, yato tattha aññāṇādiasaṃvaro pavattati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tatrā</span>ti tasmiṃ javanamanasseva paṭisaraṇabhāve. <span class="bld">Dubbalabhojakā</span>ti hīnasāmatthiyā rājabhoggā. Sevakānaṃ gaṇanāya yojitadivase labbhamānakahāpaṇo <span class="bld">yuttikahāpaṇo</span>. Andubandhanena baddhassa vissajjanena labbhamānakahāpaṇo <span class="bld">bandhakahāpaṇo</span>. Kiñci paharante mā paharantūti paṭikkhipato dātabbadaṇḍo <span class="bld">māpahārakahāpaṇo</span>. So sabbopi parittakesu gāmikamanussesu tathā labbhamāno ettako hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘aṭṭhakahāpaṇo vā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Satavatthuka</span>nti satakarīsavatthukaṃ. Esa nayo sesapadadvayepi. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>tiādi upamāsaṃsandhanaṃ, taṃ suviññeyyameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para456"></a><a name="para456_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">456</span>. <span class="bld">Antonirodhasmiṃ pañca pasāde</span>ti nirodhasamāpannassa pavattamāne pañca pasāde. <span class="bld">Kiriyamayapavattasmi</span>nti javanādikiriyānibbattakadhammappavattiyaṃ. <span class="bld">Balavapaccayā hontī</span>ti pacchājātavippayuttaatthiavigatapaccayehi paccayā honti, upatthambhakabhāvena balavapaccayā honti. <span class="bld">Jīvitindriyaṃ paṭiccā</span>ti indriyaatthiavigatapaccayavasena paccayabhūtaṃ jīvitindriyaṃ paṭicca <a name="V2.0252"></a> pañcavidhopi pasādo tiṭṭhati. <span class="bld">Jīvitindriyena vinā na tiṭṭhati</span> jīvitindriyarahitassa kammasamuṭṭhānarūpakalāpassa abhāvato. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā anupālanalakkhaṇena jīvitena anupālitā eva usmā pavattati, na tena ananupālitā, tasmā usmā āyuṃ paṭicca tiṭṭhati. <span class="bld">Jālasikhaṃ paṭicca ābhā paññāyatī</span>ti jālasikhāsaṅkhātabhūtasaṅghātaṃ saheva pavattamānaṃ nissāya ‘‘ābhā’’ti laddhanāmā vaṇṇadhātu ‘‘ujjalati, andhakāraṃ vidhamati, rūpagatāni ca vidaṃsetī’’tiādīhi pakārehi ñāyati. <span class="bld">Taṃ ālokaṃ paṭiccā</span>ti taṃ vuttappakāraṃ ālokaṃ paccayaṃ labhitvā. <span class="bld">Jālasikhā paññāyatī</span>ti ‘‘appikā, mahatī, uju, kuṭilā’’tiādinā pākaṭā hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Jālasikhā</span> <a name="M2.0273"></a> <span class="bld">viya kammajatejo</span> nissayabhāvato. <span class="bld">Āloko viya jīvitindriyaṃ</span> tannissitabhāvato. Idāni upamopamitabbānaṃ sambandhaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘jālasikhā hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ālokaṃ gahetvāva uppajjatī</span>ti iminā yathā jālasikhāya saheva āloko uppajjati, evaṃ kammajusmanā saheva jīvitindriyaṃ uppajjatīti dasseti. Jālasikhāsannissayo tassā satiyeva honto āloko tāya uppādito viya hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘attanā janitaālokenevā’’</span>ti. Usmā nāmettha kammasamuṭṭhānā tejodhātu tannissitañca jīvitindriyaṃ tadanupālakañcāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kammajamahābhūtasambhavena jīvitindriyena usmāya anupālana’’</span>nti. Na kevalaṃ khaṇaṭṭhitiyā eva, atha kho pabandhānupacchedassapi jīvitindriyaṃ kāraṇanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vassasatampi kammajatejapavattaṃ pāletī’’</span>ti. Usmā āyuno paccayo honto sesabhūtasahito eva hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘mahābhūtānī’’</span>ti. Tathā āyupi sahajātarūpaṃ pālentameva usmāya paccayo hotīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘mahābhūtāni pāletī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para457"></a><a name="para457_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">457</span>. Āyu eva indriyapaccayādivasena sahajātadhammānaṃ anupālanavasena saṅkharaṇato <span class="bld">āyusaṅkhāro</span>. Bahuvacananiddeso pana anekasatasahassabhedesu rūpakalāpesu pavattiyā anekabhedanti katvā. Ārammaṇarasaṃ anubhavantīti <span class="bld">vedaniyā</span> yathā ‘‘niyyānikā’’ti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vedanā dhammāvā’’</span>ti. Sukhādibhedabhinnattā bahuvacananiddeso. Imesaṃ āyusaṅkhāravedanānaṃ ekantanirodhaṃ samāpannassa maraṇena bhavitabbaṃ vedanāya niruddhattā. Āyusaṅkhārānaṃ tathā aniruddhattā nirodhassa samāpajjanameva na siyā, kuto vuṭṭhānaṃ. Tena vuttaṃ pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘te ca hāvuso’’tiādi. <span class="bld">Vuṭṭhānaṃ paññāyati</span> saññāvedanādīnaṃ uppattiyā. Idāni tamatthaṃ vitthārato upamāya vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yo hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ukkaṇṭhitvā</span>ti nānārammaṇāpātato nibbinditvā. <span class="bld">Yathāparicchinnakālavasenā</span>ti yathāparicchinne kāle sampatte. <span class="bld">Rūpajīvitindriyapaccayā</span>ti indriyapaccayabhūtā<a name="V2.0253"></a>. <span class="bld">Jālāpavattaṃ viya arūpadhammā</span> tejussadabhāvato visayobhāsanato ca. Udakappahāro viya nirodhasamāpattiyā pubbābhisaṅkhāro. <span class="bld">Pihitaaṅgārā viya rūpajīvitindriyaṃ</span> usmāmattatāya anobhāsanato<a name="M2.0274"></a>. <span class="bld">Yathāparicchinnakālāgamana</span>nti yathāparicchinnakālassa upagamanaṃ. Anurūpapattivaseneva <span class="bld">rūpapavatti</span>ggahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Imaṃ rūpakāyaṃ jahantī</span>ti imasmā rūpakāyā kaḷevarā vigacchanti nappavattanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāyena saṅkharīyantīti <span class="bld">kāyasaṅkhārā</span> tappaṭibaddhavuttitāya. Vācaṃ saṅkharontīti <span class="bld">vacīsaṅkhārā</span>. Vitakketvā vicāretvā hi vācaṃ bhindati katheti. Cittena saṅkharīyantīti <span class="bld">cittasaṅkhārā</span> tappaṭibaddhavuttito. Cittasaṅkhāranirodhacodanāya rūpanirodho viya cittanirodho acodito tesaṃ tato aññattāti na cittasampayuttanirodho ekantiko vitakkādinirodhe tadabhāvato. Yaṃ pana vuttaṃ ‘‘vācā aniruddhā hotī’’ti, tampi na. Vācaṃ saṅkharontīti hi vacīsaṅkhārā, tesu niruddhesu kathaṃ vācāya anirodho. Cittaṃ pana niruddhesupi cittasaṅkhāresu tehi anabhisaṅkhatattā vitakkādinirodho viya pavattatiyevāti ayamettha parassa adhippāyo. Ānantariyakammaṃ kataṃ bhaveyya, cittassa aniruddhattā taṃ nissāya ca rūpadhammānaṃ anapagatattā te jīvanti eva nāmāti. <span class="bld">Byañjane abhinivesaṃ akatvā</span>ti ‘‘cittasaṅkhārā niruddhā’’ti vacanato teva niruddhā, na cittanti evaṃ neyyatthaṃ suttaṃ ‘‘nītattha’’nti abhinivesaṃ akatvā. <span class="bld">Ācariyānaṃ naye ṭhatvā</span>ti paramparāgatānaṃ ācariyānaṃ adhippāye ṭhatvāti attho. <span class="bld">Upaparikkhitabbo</span>ti suttantarāgamato suttantarapadassa aviparīto attho vīmaṃsitabbo. Yathā hi ‘‘asaññabhavo’’ti vacanato ‘‘saññāva tattha natthi, itare pana cittacetasikā santī’’ti ayamettha attho na gayhati. Yathā ca ‘‘nevasaññānāsaññāyatana’’nti vacanato ‘‘saññāva tattha tādisī, na phassādayo’’ti ayamettha attho na gayhati saññāsīsena desanāti katvā, evamidhāpi ‘‘cittasaṅkhārā niruddhā’’ti, ‘‘saññāvedayitanirodho’’ti ca desanāsīsameva. Sabbepi pana cittacetasikā tattha nirujjhantevāti ayamettha aviparīto attho veditabbo, tathāpubbābhisaṅkhārena sabbesaṃyeva cittacetasikānaṃ tattha nirujjhanato. Etena yaṃ pubbe ‘‘aññattā, tadabhāvato’’ti ca yuttivacanaṃ, tadayuttaṃ adhippāyānavabodhatoti dassitaṃ hoti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘attho hi paṭisaraṇaṃ, na byañjana’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upahatānī</span>ti <a name="M2.0275"></a> bādhitāni. <span class="bld">Makkhitānī</span>ti dhaṃsitāni. Ārammaṇaghaṭṭanāya indriyānaṃ kilamatho cakkhunā bhāsurarūpasukhumarajadassanena vibhāvetabbo. Tathā hi uṇhakāle purato aggimhi <a name="V2.0254"></a> jalante kharassare ca paṇave ākoṭite akkhīni bhedāni viya na sahanti sotāni ‘‘sikharena viya abhihaññantī’’ti vattāro honti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para458"></a><a name="para458_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">458</span>. Rūpāvacaracatutthajjhānameva rūpavirāgabhāvanāvasena pavattaṃ arūpajjhānanti nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ vissajjento dhammasenāpati ‘‘sukhassa ca pahānā’’tiādinā vissajjesi. Apagamanena vigamena paccayā <span class="bld">apagamanapaccayā</span> sukhādippahānāni. <span class="bld">Adhigamapaccayā</span> pana kasiṇesu rūpāvacaracatutthajjhānaṃ heṭṭhimā tayo ca āruppā. Na hi sakkā tāni anadhigantvā nevasaññānāsaññāyatanamadhigantuṃ. <span class="bld">Nirodhato vuṭṭhānakaphalasamāpatti</span>nti nirodhato vuṭṭhānabhūtaṃ aniccānupassanāsamudāgataphalasamāpattiṃ. Sā hi ‘‘animittā cetovimuttī’’ti vuccati. Yathā samathanissando abhiññā, mettākaruṇāmuditābrahmavihāranissando upekkhābrahmavihāro, kasiṇanissando āruppā, samathavipassanānissando nirodhasamāpatti, evaṃ vipassanāya nissandaphalabhūtaṃ sāmaññaphalanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vipassanānissandāya phalasamāpattiyā’’</span>ti. Ārammaṇā nāma sārammaṇadhammānaṃ visesato uppattinimittanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbanimittānanti rūpādīnaṃ sabbārammaṇāna’’</span>nti. Natthi ettha kiñci saṅkhāranimittanti <span class="bld">animittā,</span> asaṅkhatā dhātūti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbanimittāpagatāya nibbānadhātuyā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Phalasamāpattisahajātaṃ manasikāraṃ sandhāyāha,</span> na āvajjanamanasikāraṃ. Na hettha tassa sambhavo anulomānantaraṃ uppajjanato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Imasmiṃ ṭhāne</span>ti idha vuttanirodhassa ādimajjhapariyosānānaṃ gahitānaṃ imasmiṃ pariyosānassa gahitaṭṭhāne. <span class="bld">Dvīhi balehī</span>ti samathavipassanābalehi. <span class="bld">Tayo ca saṅkhārāna</span>nti kāyasaṅkhārādīnaṃ tiṇṇaṃ saṅkhārānaṃ. <span class="bld">Soḷasahi ñāṇacariyāhī</span>ti aniccānupassanā, dukkhā, anattā, nibbidā, virāgā, nirodhā, paṭinissaggā, vivaṭṭānupassanā, sotāpattimaggo…pe… arahattaphalasamāpattīti imāhi soḷasahi ñāṇacariyāhi. <span class="bld">Navahi samādhicariyāhī</span>ti paṭhamajjhānasamādhiādīhi navahi samādhicariyāhi. Yo <a name="M2.0276"></a> yathāvuttāsu cariyāsu puggalassa vasībhāvo, sā <span class="bld">vasībhāvatāpaññā</span>. Assā sā kathitāti yojanā. <span class="bld">Vinicchayakathā</span>ti vinicchayavasena pavattā <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathā</span> kathitā. Tasmā <span class="bld">visuddhimagge</span> (visuddhi. 2.868-869) <span class="bld">taṃsaṃvaṇṇanāyañca</span> (visuddhi. mahāṭī. 2.868) vuttanayena veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Valañjanasamāpatti</span> ariyavihāravasena viharaṇasamāpatti. <span class="bld">Ṭhitiyā</span>ti ettha pabandhaṭṭhiti adhippetā, na khaṇaṭṭhiti. Kasmā? Samāpajjanattā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ṭhitiyāti ciraṭṭhitattha’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Addhānaparicchedo</span>ti <a name="V2.0255"></a> ettakaṃ kālaṃ samāpattiyā vītināmessāmīti pageva kālaparicchedo. <span class="bld">Rūpādinimittavasenā</span>ti kammakammanimittagatinimittesu yathārahaṃ labbhamānarūpādinimittavasena. Tattha yasmā kammanimitte chabbidhampi ārammaṇaṃ labbhati, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘sabbanimittāna’’</span>nti vuttaṃ, na sabbesaṃ ārammaṇānaṃ ekajjhaṃ, ekantato vā manasikātabbato. Lakkhaṇavacanañhetaṃ yathā ‘‘dātabbametaṃ bhesajjaṃ, yadi me byādhitā siyu’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para459"></a><a name="para459_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">459</span>. <span class="bld">Nīlampi sañjānātī</span>tiādinā nīlādiggahaṇamukhena taṃvaṇṇānaṃ sattānaṃ sañjānanaṃ averādibhāvamanasikaraṇaṃ jotitanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘etasmiñhi ṭhāne appamāṇā cetovimutti kathitā’’</span>ti. Ettha ākiñcaññaṃ kathitanti sambandho. <span class="bld">‘‘Ettha suññatā’’ti, ‘‘ettha animittā’’</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo. Nti ‘‘idha aññaṃ abhinavaṃ nāma natthī’’tiādinā vuttaṃ atthavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Etā</span>ti appamāṇacetovimuttiādayo. <span class="bld">Ekanāmakā</span>ti ekekanāmakā, ye nānābyañjanāti adhippetā. <span class="bld">Eko dhammo</span>ti arahattaphalasamāpatti. <span class="bld">Catunāmako</span>ti appamāṇacetovimuttiādināmako. <span class="bld">Eta</span>nti etamatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Appamāṇā</span>ti anodhiso, odhisopi vā ‘‘ettakā’’ti aparimitā. <span class="bld">Asesetvā</span>ti asubhasamāpatti viya ekasseva aggahaṇato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kiñcāpi asubhanimittārammaṇampi kiñcanaṃ hoti, ārammaṇasaṅghaṭṭanassa kiñcanassa asubhasamāpattīnampi paṭibhāganimittasaṅkhātaṃ ārammaṇaṃ sabimbaṃ viya viggahaṃ kiñcanaṃ hutvā upaṭṭhāti, na tathā imassāti. Nanu brahmavihārapaṭhamāruppānampi paṭibhāganimittabhūtaṃ kiñci ārammaṇaṃ natthīti? Saccaṃ natthi, ayaṃ pana paṭhamāruppaviññāṇaṃ viya na paṭibhāganimittabhūtaārammaṇatāya evaṃ vuttā. <span class="bld">Attenā</span>ti <a name="M2.0277"></a> attanā. Bhavati etena attāti abhidhānaṃ buddhi cāti <span class="bld">bhāvo,</span> attā. <span class="bld">Bhāva</span>-saddopi attapariyāyoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘bhāvaposapuggalādisaṅkhātenā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Nesaṃ</span> appamāṇasamādhiādīnaṃ catunnaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Nānatā pākaṭāvā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ nānattaṃ bhūmito ārammaṇato ca dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘attho panā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Parittādibhāvena atītādibhāvena ajjhattādibhāvena ca na vattabbaṃ ārammaṇaṃ etissāti <span class="bld">navattabbārammaṇā</span> nibbānārammaṇaphalasamāpattibhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ettako</span>ti rāgādīhi saṃkiliṭṭhatāya ettakappamāṇo, uttāno parittacetasoti attho. Nibbānampi appamāṇameva pamāṇakaraṇānaṃ abhāvenāti ānetvā sambandho. <span class="bld">Akuppāti arahattaphalacetovimutti</span> paṭipakkhehi akopanīyatāya. <span class="bld">Kiñcatī</span>ti kattari paṭhito dhātu maddanatthoti <a name="V2.0256"></a> āha <span class="bld">‘‘kiñcati maddatī’’</span>ti. Tassa payogaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘manussā kirā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Samūhādighanavasena sakiccaparicchedatāya ca saviggahā viya upaṭṭhitā saṅkhārā niccādiggāhassa vatthutāya <span class="bld">‘‘niccanimittaṃ sukhādinimitta’’</span>nti ca vuccati. Vipassanā pana tattha ghanavinibbhogaṃ karontī niccādiggāhaṃ vidhamentī ‘‘nimittaṃ samugghātetī’’ti vuttā ghananimittassa ārammaṇabhūtassa abhāvā. <span class="bld">Na gahitā</span>ti ekatthapadaniddese pāḷiyaṃ kasmā na gahitā? <span class="bld">Sā</span>ti suññatā cetovimutti. <span class="bld">Sabbatthā</span>ti appamāṇācetovimuttiādiniddesesu. <span class="bld">Ārammaṇavasenā</span>ti ārammaṇavasenapi ekatthā, na kevalaṃ sabhāvasarasatova. <span class="bld">Iminā pariyāyenā</span>ti appamāṇatotiādinā ārammaṇato laddhapariyāyena. <span class="bld">Aññasmiṃ pana ṭhāne</span>ti ākiñcaññādisaddapavattihetuto aññena hetunā appamāṇātisaddappavattiyaṃ etassa cetovimuttiyā honti. Esa nayo sesesupi. <span class="bld">Iminā pariyāyenā</span>ti iminā tāya tāya samaññāya voharitabbatāpariyāyena. Saccānaṃ dassanamukhena vaṭṭavasena uṭṭhitadesanaṃ arahattena kūṭaṃ gaṇhanto <span class="bld">yathānusandhināva desanaṃ niṭṭhapesi</span>. Yaṃ panettha atthato avibhattaṃ, taṃ suviññeyyameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Mahāvedallasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.</p>
<p class="subhead">4. Cūḷavedallasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para460"></a><a name="para460_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">460</span>. Ayaṃ <a name="M2.0278"></a><a name="V2.0257"></a> desanā yasmā pucchāvissajjanavasena pavattā, tasmā pucchakavissajjake pucchānimittañca samudāyato vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ko panāya’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Upāsakatta</span>nti amaggāgataṃ upāsakattaṃ. <span class="bld">Tesa</span>nti ekādasanahutānaṃ. Maggāgatena upasamena <span class="bld">santindriyo santamānaso</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Kiṃ nu kho ajja bhavissati ayyaputto’’ti <span class="bld">vīthiṃ olokayamānā. Olambanattha</span>nti tassa hatthāvalambanatthaṃ pubbāciṇṇavasena attano hatthaṃ pasāresi. <span class="bld">Bahiddhā</span>ti attanā aññaṃ visabhāgavatthuṃ sandhāya vadati. <span class="bld">Paribhedakenā</span>ti pesuññavādinā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Adhigamappicchatāya ‘‘na pakāsetabbo’’ti <span class="bld">cintesi</span>. Puna taṃ anukampanto <span class="bld">‘‘sace kho panāha’’</span>ntiādiṃ cintesi. <span class="bld">Eso dhammo</span>ti eso lokuttaradhammo. Vivaṭṭaṃ uddissa upacitaṃ nibbedhabhāgiyaṃ kusalaṃ <span class="bld">upanissayo</span>. ‘‘Yadi me upanissayo atthi, sakkā etaṃ paṭiladdhuṃ. Sacepi natthi, āyatiṃ upanissayo bhavissatī’’ti cirakālaparibhāvitāya ghaṭe padīpajālā viya abbhantare dippamānāya hetusampattiyā codiyamānā āha <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ sante mayhaṃ pabbajjaṃ anujānāthā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Lābhasakkāro uppajji</span> sucirakālaṃ katūpacitapuññatāya. <span class="bld">Abhinīhārasampannattā</span>ti sujātattherassa padumuttarassa bhagavato aggasāvakassa nipaccakāraṃ katvā – ‘‘tumhehi diṭṭhadhammassa bhāgī assa’’nti nibbedhabhāgiyaṃ dānaṃ datvā katapatthanāsaṅkhātasampannābhinīhārattā. <span class="bld">Nāticiraṃ kilamitthā</span>ti kammaṭṭhānaṃ bhāventī vipassanāya paripākavasena ciraṃ na kilamittha. Vuttamevatthaṃ vivarituṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ito paṭṭhāyā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Dutiyagamanenā</span>ti pabbājanatthaṃ gamanato dutiyagamanena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upanetvā</span>ti pañhassa atthabhāvena upanetvā. <span class="bld">Sakkāya</span>nti sakāyaṃ. <span class="bld">Upanikkhittaṃ</span> kiñci vatthuṃ <span class="bld">sampaṭicchamānā, viya</span> sampaṭicchantī viya. Eko eva pāso etissāti <span class="bld">ekapāsakā,</span> gaṇṭhi. Sā hi sumociyā, anekapāsā pana dummociyā, ekapāsaggahaṇaṃ vissajjanassa sukarabhāvadassanatthaṃ<a name="V2.0258"></a>. <span class="bld">Paṭisambhidāvisaye ṭhatvā</span>ti etena theriyā pabhinnapaṭisambhidataṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Paccayabhūtā</span>ti ārammaṇādivasena paccayabhūtā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Theriyā <a name="M2.0279"></a> visesādhigamassa attano avisayatāya visākho <span class="bld">‘‘na sakkā’’</span>tiādinā cintesīti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Saccavinibbhogapañhabyākaraṇenā</span>ti saccapariyāpannassa dhammassa dassanato aññānaññatthaniddhāraṇabhedanāsaṅkhātassa vinibbhogapañhassa vissajjanena. <span class="bld">Dve saccānī</span>ti dukkhasamudayasaccāni. <span class="bld">Paṭinivattetvā</span>ti parivattetvā. <span class="bld">Gaṇṭhipañha</span>nti dubbinibbedhatāya gaṇṭhibhūtaṃ pañhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na taṃyeva upādānaṃ te pañcupādānakkhandhā</span> ekadesassa samudāyatābhāvato, samudāyassa ca ekadesatābhāvato. <span class="bld">Nāpi aññatra pañcahi upādānakkhandhehi upādānaṃ</span> tassa tadekadesabhāvato. Na hi ekadeso samudāyavinimutto hoti. <span class="bld">Yadi hi taññevā</span>tiādinā ubhayapakkhepi dosaṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Rūpādisabhāvampī</span>ti rūpavedanāsaññāviññāṇasabhāvampi, phassacetanādisabhāvampi <span class="bld">upādānaṃ siyā. Aññatra siyā</span>ti pañcahi upādānakkhandhehi visuṃyeva upādānaṃ yadi siyā. <span class="bld">Parasamaye</span>ti nikāyavāde. <span class="bld">Cittavippayutto anusayo</span>ti nidassanamattametaṃ nikāyavāde cittasabhāvābhāvaviññāṇādīnampi cittavippayuttabhāvapaṭijānanato. <span class="bld">Evaṃ byākāsī</span>ti ‘‘na kho, āvuso’’tiādinā khandhagatachandarāgabhāvena byākāsi. Atthadhammanicchayasambhavato <span class="bld">asambandhena</span>. Tesu katthacipi asammuyhanato <span class="bld">avitthāyantena</span>. Pucchāvisaye mohandhakāravigamanena <span class="bld">padīpasahassaṃ jālentena viya</span>. Saupādānupādānaṭṭhānaṃ anuttānatāya pacurajanassa <span class="bld">gūḷho</span>. Aggahitasaṅketānaṃ kesañci paṭicchāditasadisattā <span class="bld">paṭicchanno</span>. Tilakkhaṇabbhāhatadhammavisayatāya <span class="bld">tilakkhaṇāhato</span>. Gambhīrañāṇagocaratāya <span class="bld">gambhīro</span>. <span class="bld">Laddhapatiṭṭhā</span> ariyasaccasampaṭivedhanato. Evaṃ diṭṭhadhammādibhāvato <span class="bld">vesārajjappattā</span>. Sabbaso nivutthabrahmacariyatāya tiṇṇaṃ bhavānampi aparabhāge nibbāne nivutthavatīti <span class="bld">bhavamatthake ṭhitā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para461"></a><a name="para461_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">461</span>. <span class="bld">‘‘Rūpaṃ attato samanupassatī’’</span>ti paduddhāraṃ katvā <span class="bld">‘‘idhekacco’’</span>tiādinā (paṭi. ma. 1.130) paṭisambhidāpāṭhena tadatthaṃ vivarati. Tattha <span class="bld">attato samanupassatī</span>ti attāti samanupassati, attabhāvena samanupassati. <span class="bld">Aha</span>nti attānaṃ niddisati. Ahaṃbuddhinibandhanañhi attānaṃ attavādī paññapeti, tasmā <span class="bld">yaṃ rūpaṃ so aha</span>nti yadetaṃ mama rūpaṃ nāma, so ahanti vuccamāno mama attā <a name="M2.0280"></a> taṃ mama rūpanti <span class="bld">rūpañca attañca advayaṃ</span> anaññaṃ <span class="bld">samanupassati</span>. Tathā passato ca attā viya rūpaṃ, rūpaṃ viya vā attā aniccoti āpannameva<a name="V2.0259"></a>. <span class="bld">Accī</span>ti jālasikhā. Sā ce vaṇṇo, cakkhuviññeyyāva siyā, na kāyaviññeyyā, vaṇṇopi vā kāyādiviññeyyo acciyā anaññattāti upameyyaṃ viya upamāpi diṭṭhigatikassa ayuttāva. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhipassanāyā</span>ti micchādiṭṭhisaṅkhātāya passanāya passati, na taṇhāmānapaññānupassanāya. Arūpaṃ vedanādiṃ attāti gahetvā chāyāya rukkhādhīnatāya <span class="bld">chāyāvantaṃ rukkhaṃ viya,</span> rūpassa santakabhāvena attādhīnatāya <span class="bld">rūpavantaṃ attānaṃ samanupassati</span>. Pupphādhīnatāya <span class="bld">pupphasmiṃ gandhaṃ viya</span> ādheyyabhāvena attādhīnatāya rūpassa <span class="bld">attani rūpaṃ samanupassati</span>. Yathā karaṇḍo maṇino ādhāro, evaṃ rūpampi attano ādhāroti katvā <span class="bld">attānaṃ rūpasmiṃ samanupassati. Eseva nayo</span>ti iminā attano vedanādīhi anaññattaṃ tesañcādhāraṇataṃ nissitatañca yathāvuttaṃ atidisati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Arūpaṃ attāti kathitaṃ</span> ‘‘vedanāvanta’’ntiādīsu viya rūpena vomissakatāya abhāvato. <span class="bld">Rūpārūpamissako attā kathito</span> rūpena saddhiṃ sesārūpadhammānaṃ attāti gahitattā. <span class="bld">Ucchedadiṭṭhi kathitā</span> rūpādīnaṃ vināsadassanato. Tenevāha ‘‘rūpaṃ attāti yo vadeyya, taṃ na upapajjati, attā me uppajjati ca veti cāti iccassa evamāgataṃ hotī’’tiādi. <span class="bld">Avasesesū</span>ti pannarasasu ṭhānesu. <span class="bld">Sassatadiṭṭhi kathitā</span> rūpavantādibhāvena gahitassa aniddhāritarūpattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Diṭṭhigatiko yaṃ vatthuṃ attāti samanupassati, yebhuyyena taṃ niccaṃ sukhanti ca samanupassateva. Sāvako pana tappaṭikkhepena sabbe dhammā anattāti sudiṭṭhattā rūpaṃ attāti na samanupassati, tathābhūto ca aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ anattāti samanupassati, tathā vedanādayoti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘na rūpaṃ attato’’</span>tiādimāha. Evaṃ bhavadiṭṭhipi avijjābhavataṇhā viya vaṭṭassa samudayoyevāti diṭṭhikathāyaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ettakena gamanaṃ hotī’’</span>tiādi. Diṭṭhippahānakathāyañca <span class="bld">‘‘ettakena gamanaṃ na hotī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para462"></a><a name="para462_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">462</span>. Heṭṭhā vuttamatthameva pucchitattā <span class="bld">‘‘theriyā paṭipucchitvā vissajjetabbo’’</span>ti vatvā paṭipucchanavidhiṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘upāsakā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭipattivasenā</span>ti <a name="M2.0281"></a> sakkāyanirodhagāminipaṭipadābhāvena. Saṅkhatāsaṅkhatavasena lokiyalokuttaravasena saṅgahitāsaṅgahitavasenāti ‘‘vasenā’’ti padaṃ paccekaṃ yojetabbaṃ. Tattha kāmaṃ asaṅkhato nāma maggo natthi, kiṃ saṅkhato, udāhu asaṅkhatoti pana pucchāvasena tathā vuttaṃ? ‘‘Ariyo’’ti vacaneneva maggassa lokuttarato siddhā, saṅgāhakakhandhapariyāpannānaṃ pana maggadhammānampi siyā lokiyatāti <a name="V2.0260"></a> idha lokiyaggahaṇaṃ. Kiñcāpi saṅgahitapadameva pāḷiyaṃ āgataṃ, na asaṅgahitapadaṃ, ye pana saṅgāhakabhāvena vuttā, te saṅgahitā na hontīti <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> asaṅgahitaggahaṇaṃ katanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṅkhato</span>tiādīsu samecca sambhuyya paccayehi katoti <span class="bld">saṅkhato</span>. Tathābhūto ca taṃsamaṅgino puggalassa pubbabhāgacetanāti mayhaṃ maggo aṭṭhaṅgiko hotu sattaṅgiko vāti cetitabhāvena <span class="bld">cetito</span>. Sahajātacetanāyapi cetitova tassā sahakārīkāraṇabhāvato, tato eva <span class="bld">pakappito āyūhito</span>. Paccayehi nipphāditattā <span class="bld">kato nibbattito</span> ca. <span class="bld">Samāpajjantena</span> attano santāne sammadeva āpajjantena uppādentena. Iti sattahipi padehi paccayanibbattitaṃyeva ariyamaggassa dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Asaṅgahito khandhānaṃ padeso etassa atthīti <span class="bld">maggo sappadeso</span>. Natthi etesaṃ padesāti <span class="bld">khandhā nippadesā</span>. Padissati etena samudāyoti hi <span class="bld">padeso,</span> avayavo. <span class="bld">Aya</span>nti maggo. <span class="bld">Sappadesattā</span> ekadesattā. <span class="bld">Nippadesehi</span> samudāyabhāvato niravasesapadesehi. Yathā nagaraṃ rajjekadesabhūtaṃ tadantogadhattā rajjena saṅgahitaṃ, evaṃ ariyamaggo khandhattayekadesabhūto tadantogadhattā tīhi khandhehi saṅgahitoti dasseti <span class="bld">‘‘nagaraṃ viya rajjenā’’</span>ti iminā. <span class="bld">Sajātito</span>ti samānajātitāya, samānasabhāvattā evāti attho. Ettha ca sīlakkhandho ‘‘nava koṭisahassānī’’tiādinā (visuddhi. 1.20; apa. aṭṭha. 2.55.55; paṭi. ma. aṭṭha. 1.1.37) vuttapabhedavasena ceva sampattasamādānaviratiādivasena ca gayhamāno nippadeso, maggasīlaṃ pana ājīvaṭṭhamakameva samucchedaviratimattamevāti sappadesaṃ. Samādhikkhandho parittamahaggatādivasena ceva upacārappanāsamādhivasena ca anekabhedatāya nippadeso, maggasamādhi pana lokuttarova<a name="M2.0282"></a>, appanāsamādhi evāti sappadeso. Tathā paññākkhandho parittamahaggatādivasena ceva sutamayañāṇādivasena ca anekabhedatāya nippadeso, maggapaññā pana lokuttarāva, bhāvanāmayā evāti sappadesā. <span class="bld">Attano dhammatāyā</span>ti sahakārīkāraṇaṃ anapekkhitvā attano sabhāvena attano balena <span class="bld">appetuṃ na sakkoti</span> vīriyena anupatthambhitaṃ, satiyā ca anupaṭṭhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Paggahakicca</span>nti yathā kosajjapakkhe na patitā cittaṭṭhiti, tathā paggaṇhanakiccaṃ. <span class="bld">Apilāpanakicca</span>nti yathā ārammaṇe na pilavati, evaṃ apilāpanakiccaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekato jātā</span>ti sahajātā. <span class="bld">Piṭṭhiṃ datvā onatasahāyo viya vāyāmo</span> samādhissa ārammaṇe appanāya visesapaccayabhāvato. <span class="bld">Aṃsakūṭaṃ datvā ṭhitasahāyo viya sati</span> samādhissa ārammaṇe daḷhapavattiyā paccayabhāvato. <span class="bld">Kiriyato</span>ti upakārakiriyato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ākoṭetvā</span>ti <a name="V2.0261"></a> ārammaṇaṃ āhanitvā. Tathā hi vitakko ‘‘āhananaraso’’ti, yogāvacaro ca ‘‘kammaṭṭhānaṃ takkāhataṃ vitakkapariyāhataṃ karotī’’ti vuccati. <span class="bld">Idhāpī</span>ti sammādiṭṭhisaṅkappesu. <span class="bld">Kiriyato</span>ti vuttappakāraupakārakiriyato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Subhasukhādinimittaggāhavidhamanaṃ <span class="bld">catukiccasādhanaṃ. Paccayattenā</span>ti sahajātādipaccayabhāvena. <span class="bld">Catukiccasādhanavasenevā</span>ti idaṃ maggavīriyasseva gahitabhāvadassanaṃ. Tañhi ekaṃyeva hutvā catukiccaṃ yathāvuttaupakārakasabhāvena ca parivāraṭṭhena parikkhāro hoti. <span class="bld">Maggasampayuttadhammāna</span>nti iminā maggadhammānampi gahaṇaṃ, na taṃsampayuttaphassādīnaṃyeva. <span class="bld">Ekacittakkhaṇikā</span>ti maggacittuppādavasena ekacittakkhaṇikā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sattahi ñāṇehī</span>ti paramukkaṃsagatehi sattahi javanehi sampayuttañāṇehi, sattahi vā anupassanāñāṇehi. Ādito sevanā <span class="bld">āsevanā,</span> tato paraṃ vaḍḍhanā <span class="bld">bhāvanā,</span> punappunaṃ karaṇaṃ <span class="bld">bahulīkamma</span>nti adhippāyenāha <span class="bld">‘‘aññena cittenā’’</span>tiādi. Adhippāyavasena niddhāretvā gahetabbatthaṃ <span class="bld">suttaṃ neyyatthaṃ</span>. Yathārutavasena gahetabbatthaṃ <span class="bld">nītatthaṃ. Evaṃ sante</span>ti yadi idaṃ suttaṃ nītatthaṃ, āsevanādi ca visuṃ visuṃ cittehi hoti, evaṃ sante. Āsevanādi nāma cittassa anekavāraṃ uppattiyā hoti<a name="M2.0283"></a>, na ekavāramevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ekaṃ citta’’</span>ntiādi. Tatrāyaṃ saṅkhepattho – āsevanāvasena pavattamānaṃ cittaṃ sucirampi kālaṃ āsevanāvaseneva pavatteyya, tathā bhāvanābahulīkammavasena pavattamānānipi, na cettha ettakāneva cittāni āsevanāvasena pavattanti, ettakāni bhāvanāvasena, bahulīkammavasenāti niyamo labbhati. Iti anekacittakkhaṇikaariyamaggaṃ vadantassa dunnivāriyovāyaṃ doso. Yathā pana pubbabhāgepi nānācittesu pavattapariññādikiccānaṃ sammādiṭṭhiādīnaṃ paṭivedhakāle yathārahaṃ catukiccasādhanaṃ, ekacittakkhaṇikā ca pavatti, evaṃ vipassanāya pavattābhisaṅkhāravasena āsevanābhāvanābahulīkammāni paṭivedhakāle ekacittakkhaṇikāneva hontīti vadantānaṃ ācariyānaṃ na koci doso āsevanādīhi kātabbakiccassa tadā ekacittakkhaṇeyeva sijjhanato. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ekacittakkhaṇikāvā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Sace sañjānātī</span>ti sace saññattiṃ gacchati. <span class="bld">Yāguṃ pivāhīti uyyojetabbo</span> dhammasākacchāya abhabbabhāvatoti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para463"></a><a name="para463_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">463</span>. <span class="bld">Puññābhisaṅkhārādīsū</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena kāyasañcetanādi lakkhaṇe kāyasaṅkhārādikepi saṅgaṇhāti, na apuññāneñjābhisaṅkhāre eva. <span class="bld">Kāyapaṭibaddhattā kāyena saṅkharīyati,</span> na kāyasamuṭṭhānattā. Cittasamuṭṭhānā hi te dhammāti. <span class="bld">Nibbattīyatī</span>ti ca idaṃ kāye sati sabbhāvaṃ<a name="V2.0262"></a>, asati ca abhāvaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Vāca</span>nti vacīghosaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṅkharotī</span>ti janeti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘nibbattetī’’</span>ti. Na hi taṃ vitakkavicārarahitacittaṃ vacīghosaṃ nibbattetuṃ sakkoti. <span class="bld">Cittapaṭibaddhattā</span>ti etena cittassa nissayādipaccayabhāvo cittasaṅkhārasaṅkharaṇanti dasseti. <span class="bld">Aññamaññamissā</span>ti atthato bhinnāpi kāyasaṅkhārādivacanavacanīyabhāvena aññamaññamissitā abhinnā viya, tato eva <span class="bld">āluḷitā</span> saṃkiṇṇā <span class="bld">avibhūtā</span> apākaṭā <span class="bld">duddīpanā</span> duviññāpayā. <span class="bld">Ādānaggahaṇamuñcanacopanānī</span>ti yassa kassaci kāyena ādātabbassa ādānasaṅkhātaṃ gahaṇaṃ, vissajjanasaṅkhātaṃ muñcanaṃ, yathātathācalanasaṅkhātaṃ copananti imāni <span class="bld">pāpetvā</span> sādhetvā <span class="bld">uppannā</span>. Kāyato pavattā saṅkhārā, kāyena saṅkharīyantīti ca <span class="bld">kāyasaṅkhārātveva vuccanti. Hanusaṃcopana</span>nti hanusañcalanaṃ. <span class="bld">Vacībheda</span>nti vācānicchāraṇaṃ. Vācaṃ saṅkharontīti katvā idha <span class="bld">vacīsaṅkhārātveva vuccanti</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para464"></a><a name="para464_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">464</span>. <span class="bld">Samāpajjissa</span>nti <a name="M2.0284"></a> padaṃ nirodhassa āsannānāgatabhāvavisayaṃ āsannaṃ vajjetvā dūrassa gahaṇe payojanābhāvato. Nirodhapādakassa nevasaññānāsaññāyatanacittassa ca gahaṇato paṭṭhāya nirodhaṃ samāpajjati nāmāti adhippāyena <span class="bld">‘‘padadvayena nevasaññānāsaññāyatanasamāpattikālo kathito’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Tathā cittaṃ bhāvitaṃ hotī</span>ti ettha addhānaparicchedacittaggahaṇaṃ itaresaṃ nānantariyabhāvato. Na hi baladvayañāṇasamādhicariyānaṃ vasībhāvāpādanacittehi vinā addhānaparicchedacittaṃ acittakabhāvāya hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sesasaṅkhārehī</span>ti kāyasaṅkhāracittasaṅkhārehi. <span class="bld">Dutiyajjhāneyeva nirujjhati</span> anuppattinirodhena. Itaresupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Vuṭṭhahissa</span>nti padaṃ vuṭṭhahanassa āsannānāgatabhāvavisayaṃ āsannaṃ vajjetvā dūrassa gahaṇe payojanābhāvato. Nirodhato vuṭṭhānassa ca cittuppādena paricchinnattā tato oramevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘padadvayena antonirodhakālo kathito’’</span>ti. Tathā <span class="bld">cittaṃ bhāvitaṃ hotī</span>ti yathā yathāparicchinnakālameva acittakabhāvo, tato paraṃ sacittakabhāvo hoti, tathā nirodhassa parikammacittaṃ uppāditaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭisaṅkhā</span>ti paṭisaṅkhāya idameva kātabbaṃ jānitvā appavattimattaṃ. <span class="bld">Samāpajjantī</span>ti acittakabhāvaṃ sampadeva āpajjanti. Atha kasmā sattāhameva samāpajjantīti? Yathākālaparicchedakaraṇato, tañca yebhuyyena āhārūpajīvīnaṃ sattānaṃ upādinnakapavattassa ekadivasaṃ bhuttāhārassa sattāhameva yāpanato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sabbā <a name="V2.0263"></a> phalasamāpatti assāsapassāse na samuṭṭhāpetīti idaṃ natthīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘samuṭṭhāpetī’’</span>ti. Yā pana na samuṭṭhāpeti, taṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘imassa pana…pe… na samuṭṭhāpetī’’</span>ti āha. Tattha <span class="bld">imassā</span>ti idha pāḷiyaṃ vuttanirodhasamāpajjanabhikkhuno. Tassa pana phalasamāpatti catutthajjhānikāvāti niyamo natthīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kiṃ vā etenā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Abbohārikā</span>ti sukhumattabhāvappattiyā ‘‘atthī’’ti voharituṃ asakkuṇeyyāti keci. Nirodhassa pana pādakabhūtāya catutthajjhānādisamādhicariyāya vasena acatutthajjhānikāpi nirodhānantaraphalasamāpatti assāsapassāse <a name="M2.0285"></a> na samuṭṭhāpetīti abhāvato eva te abbohārikā vuttā. Evañca katvā sañjīvattheravatthumhi ānītasamāpattiphalanidassanampi suṭṭhu upapajjati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘bhavaṅgasamayenevetaṃ kathita’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Kiriyamayapavattavaḷañjanakāle</span>ti ettha kiriyamayapavattaṃ kāyavacīviññattivipphāro, tassa vaḷañjanakāle pavattanasamaye. <span class="bld">Vācaṃ abhisaṅkhātuṃ na sakkonti</span> aviññattijanakattā tesaṃ vitakkavicārānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saguṇenā</span>ti sarasena, sabhāvenāti attho. <span class="bld">Suññatā nāma phalasamāpatti</span> rāgādīhi suññattā. Tathā rāganimittādīnaṃ abhāvā <span class="bld">animittā,</span> rāgapaṇidhiādīnaṃ abhāvā <span class="bld">appaṇihitā</span>ti āha <span class="bld">‘‘animittaappaṇihitesupi eseva nayo’’</span>ti. Animittaṃ appaṇihitañca nibbānaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā uppannaphalasamāpattiyaṃ phasso animitto phasso appaṇihito phasso nāmāti imamatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘eseva nayo’’</span>ti iminā atidisati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Attasuññatādassanato anattānupassanā suññatā, niccanimittugghāṭanato aniccānupassanā animittā, sukhappaṇidhipaṭikkhepato dukkhānupassanā appaṇihitāti āha – <span class="bld">‘‘suññatā…pe… vipassanāpi vuccatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Aniccato vuṭṭhātī</span>ti saṅkhārānaṃ aniccākāraggāhiniyā vuṭṭhānagāminiyā parato ekatovuṭṭhānaubhatovuṭṭhānehi nimittapavattato vuṭṭhāti. <span class="bld">Aniccato pariggahetvā</span>ti ca idaṃ ‘‘na ekantikaṃ evampi hotī’’ti katvā vuttaṃ. Esa nayo sesesupi. Appaṇihitavipassanāya maggotiādinā, suññatavipassanāya maggotiādinā ca yojanaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘eseva nayo’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Vikappo āpajjeyya</span> āgamanassa vavatthānassa abhāvena avavatthānakarattā. <span class="bld">Evañhi tayo phassā phusantī</span>ti evaṃ saguṇato ārammaṇato ca nāmalābhe suññatādināmakā tayo phassā phusantīti aniyamavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Sameti</span> yujjati ekasseva phassassa nāmattayayogato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sabbasaṅkhatavivittatāya <a name="V2.0264"></a> <span class="bld">nibbānaṃ viveko nāma</span> upadhivivekoti katvā. <span class="bld">Ninnatā</span> tappaṭipakkhavimukhassa tadabhimukhatā. <span class="bld">Poṇatā</span> onamanaṃ, <span class="bld">pabbhāratā</span> tato vissaṭṭhabhāvo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para465"></a><a name="para465_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">465</span>. Cakkhādito rūpādīsu pavattarūpakāyato uppajjanato <span class="bld">pañcadvārikaṃ sukhaṃ kāyikaṃ nāma, manodvārikaṃ</span> cetophassajātāya <span class="bld">cetasikaṃ</span> <a name="M2.0286"></a> <span class="bld">nāma. Sabhāvaniddeso</span> sukhayatīti katvā. <span class="bld">Madhurabhāvadīpaka</span>nti iṭṭhabhāvajotanaṃ. <span class="bld">Vedayitabhāvadīpaka</span>nti vedakabhāvavibhāvakaṃ. Vedanā eva hi paramatthato ārammaṇaṃ vedeti, ārammaṇaṃ pana veditabbanti. Dukkhanti sabhāvaniddesotievamādiatthavacanaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘eseva nayo’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ṭhitisukhā</span>ti ṭhitiyā dharamānatāya sukhā, na ṭhitikkhaṇamattena. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘atthibhāvo sukha’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Vipariṇāmadukkhā</span>ti vipariṇamanena vigamanena dukkhā, na nirodhakkhaṇena. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘natthibhāvo dukkha’’</span>nti. Apariññātavatthukānañhi sukhavedanuparamo dukkhato upaṭṭhāti. Svāyamattho piyavippayogena dīpetabbo. <span class="bld">Ṭhitidukkhā vipariṇāmasukhā</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘atthibhāvo dukkhaṃ, natthibhāvo sukha’’</span>nti. Dukkhavedanuparamo hi sattānaṃ sukhato upaṭṭhāti. Evañhi vadanti – ‘‘tassa rogassa vūpasamena aho sukhaṃ jāta’’nti. <span class="bld">Jānanabhāvo</span>ti yāthāvasabhāvato avabujjhanaṃ. Adukkhamasukhañhi vedanaṃ jānantassa sukhaṃ hoti tassa sukhumabhāvato, yathā tadaññe dhamme salakkhaṇato sāmaññalakkhaṇato ca sammadeva avabodho paramaṃ sukhaṃ. Tenevāha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yato yato sammasati, khandhānaṃ udayabbayaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Labhatī pītipāmojjaṃ, amataṃ taṃ vijānata’’nti. (dha. pa. 374);</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ajānanabhāvo</span>ti ettha vuttavipariyāyena attho veditabbo. Dukkhañhi sammohavihāroti. Aparo nayo <span class="bld">jānanabhāvo</span>ti jānanassa ñāṇassa sabbhāvo. Ñāṇasampayuttā hi ñāṇopanissayā ca adukkhamasukhā vedanā sukhā iṭṭhākārā. Yathāha ‘‘iṭṭhā ceva iṭṭhaphalā cā’’ti. <span class="bld">Ajānanabhāvo dukkha</span>nti ettha vuttavipariyāyena attho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Katamo anusayo anusetī</span>ti kāmarāgānusayādīsu sattasu anusayesu katamo anusayo anusayavasena pavattati? Appahīnabhāvena hi santāne anusayantīti <span class="bld">anusayā,</span> anurūpaṃ kāraṇaṃ labhitvā uppajjantīti attho. Etena kāraṇalābhe sati uppajjanārahatā nesaṃ dassitā. Appahīnā hi kilesā kāraṇalābhe sati uppajjanti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘appahīnaṭṭhena sayito viya hotī’’</span>ti. Te ca nippariyāyato <a name="M2.0287"></a> anāgatā kilesā daṭṭhabbā, atītā paccuppannā <a name="V2.0265"></a> ca taṃsabhāvattā tathā vuccanti. Na hi dhammānaṃ kālabhedena sabhāvabhedo atthi. Yadi appahīnaṭṭho anusayaṭṭho, nanu sabbepi kilesā appahīnā anusayā bhaveyyunti? Na mayaṃ appahīnatāmattena anusayaṭṭhaṃ vadāma, atha kho pana appahīnaṭṭhena thāmagatā kilesā anusayā. Idaṃ thāmagamanañca rāgādīnameva āveṇiko sabhāvo daṭṭhabbo, yato abhidhamme – ‘‘thāmagataṃ anusayaṃ pajahatī’’ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">So</span>ti rāgānusayo. <span class="bld">Appahīno</span>ti appahīnabhāvamukhena anusayanaṭṭhamāha. So ca apariññātakkhandhavatthuto, pariññātesu patiṭṭhaṃ na labhati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘na sabbāya sukhāya vedanāya so appahīno’’</span>ti. Ārammaṇavasena cāyaṃ anusayaṭṭho adhippeto. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘na sabbaṃ sukhaṃ vedanaṃ ārabbha uppajjatīti attho’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vatthuvasenapi pana anusayaṭṭho veditabbo, yo ‘‘bhūmiladdha’’nti vuccati. Tena hi <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> (visuddhi. 2.834) vuttaṃ –</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Bhūmīti vipassanāya ārammaṇabhūtā tebhūmakā pañcakkhandhā. Bhūmiladdhaṃ nāma tesu khandhesu uppattirahaṃ kilesajātaṃ. Tena hi sā bhūmiladdhā nāma hoti, tasmā bhūmiladdhanti vuccati, sā ca kho na ārammaṇavasena. Ārammaṇavasena hi sabbepi atītānāgate pariññātepi ca khīṇāsavānaṃ khandhe ārabbha kilesā uppajjanti mahākaccānauppalavaṇṇādīnaṃ khandhe ārabbha soreyyaseṭṭhinandamāṇavakādīnaṃ viya. Yadi ca taṃ bhūmiladdhaṃ nāma siyā, tassa appaheyyato na koci bhavamūlaṃ pajaheyya, vatthuvasena pana bhūmiladdhaṃ veditabbaṃ. Yattha yattha hi vipassanāya apariññātā khandhā uppajjanti, tattha tattha uppādato pabhuti tesu vaṭṭamūlaṃ kilesajātaṃ anuseti. Taṃ appahīnaṭṭhena bhūmiladdhanti veditabba’’ntiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Esa nayo sabbatthā</span>ti iminā ‘‘na sabbāya dukkhāya vedanāya so appahīno, na sabbaṃ dukkhaṃ vedanaṃ ārabbha uppajjatī’’tiādiṃ atidisati. Tattha yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ. ‘‘Yo anusayo yattha anuseti<a name="M2.0288"></a>, so pahīyamāno tattha pahīno nāma hotī’’ti tattha tattha pahānapucchā, taṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘kiṃ pahātabbanti ayaṃ pahānapucchā nāmā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekeneva byākaraṇenā</span>ti ‘‘idhāvuso, visākha, bhikkhu vivicceva kāmehī’’tiādinā (ma. ni. 1.374) ekeneva vissajjanena. <span class="bld">Dve pucchā</span>ti anusayapucchā pahānapucchāti dvepi pucchā vissajjesi. ‘‘Rāgaṃ tena pajahatī’’ti idamekaṃ vissajjanaṃ, ‘‘na tattha rāgānusayo anusetī’’ti idamekaṃ vissajjanaṃ, pucchānukkamañcettha anādiyitvā pahānakkamena vissajjanā pavattā<a name="V2.0266"></a>. <span class="bld">‘‘Dve pucchā vissajjesī’’</span>ti saṅkhepato vuttamatthaṃ vivarituṃ <span class="bld">‘‘idhā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">tathāvikkhambhitameva katvā</span>ti iminā yo rāgaṃ vikkhambhetvā puna uppajjituṃ appadānato tathāvikkhambhitameva katvā maggena samugghāteti, tassa vasena ‘‘rāgaṃ tena pajahati, na tattha rāgānusayo anusetī’’ti vattabbanti dasseti. Kāmoghādīhi catūhi oghehi saṃsārabhavogheneva vā vegasā vuyhamānesu sattesu taṃ uttaritvā pattabbaṃ, tassa pana gādhabhāvato <span class="bld">patiṭṭhānabhūtaṃ</span>. Tenāha bhagavā – ‘‘tiṇṇo pāraṅgato thale tiṭṭhati brāhmaṇo’’ti (saṃ. ni. 4.238; itivu. 69; pu. pa. 187).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Suññatādibhedena anekabhedattā pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘anuttaresū’’ti bahuvacananiddesoti <span class="bld">‘‘anuttarā vimokkhā’’</span>ti vatvā puna tesaṃ sabbesampi arahattabhāvasāmaññena <span class="bld">‘‘arahatte’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Visaye cetaṃ bhummaṃ. <span class="bld">Patthanaṃ paṭṭhapentassā</span>ti ‘‘aho vatāhaṃ arahattaṃ labheyya’’nti patthanaṃ upaṭṭhapentassa, patthentassāti attho. <span class="bld">Paṭṭhapentassā</span>ti cettha hetumhi <span class="bld">anta</span>saddo. Kathaṃ pana arahattavisayā patthanā uppajjatīti? Na kāci arahattaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā patthanā uppajjati anadhigatattā avisayabhāvato. Parikappitarūpaṃ pana taṃ uddissa patthanā uppajjati. <span class="bld">‘‘Uppajjati pihāpaccayā’’ti vuttaṃ</span> paramparapaccayataṃ sandhāya, ujukaṃ pana paccayabhāvo natthīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘na patthanāya paṭṭhapanamūlakaṃ uppajjatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Idaṃ pana sevitabbaṃ domanassaṃ</span> akusalappahānassa kusalābhivuḍḍhiyā ca nimittabhāvato. Tenāha bhagavā – ‘‘domanassampāhaṃ, devānaminda, duvidhena vadāmi sevitabbampi asevitabbampī’’ti (dī. ni. 2.359-362). Tīhi māsehi sampajjanakā <span class="bld">temāsikā</span><a name="M2.0289"></a>. Sesapadadvayepi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Imasmiṃ vāre</span>ti imasmiṃ pavāraṇavāre. <span class="bld">Visuddhipavāraṇa</span>nti ‘‘parisuddho aha’’nti evaṃ pavattaṃ visuddhipavāraṇaṃ. Arahantānameva hesa pavāraṇā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Na kadāci pahātabbassa pahāyakatā atthīti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘na domanassena vā’’</span>tiādiṃ vatvā pariyāyenetaṃ vuttaṃ, taṃ vibhāvento <span class="bld">‘‘ayaṃ panā’’</span>tiādimāha. Yaṃ panettha vattabbaṃ, taṃ parato vitthārena āgamissati. <span class="bld">Paṭipadaṃ gahetvā</span> patthanaṃ katvā patthanaṃ ṭhapetvā. <span class="bld">Paṭisañcikkhatī</span>ti ovādavasena attānaṃ samuttejento katheti. <span class="bld">Sīlena hīnaṭṭhāna</span>nti aññehi arahattāya paṭipajjantehi sīlena hīnaṭṭhānaṃ kiṃ tuyhaṃ atthīti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Suparisuddha</span>nti akhaṇḍādibhāvato sudhotajātimaṇi viya suṭṭhu parisuddhaṃ. <span class="bld">Supaggahita</span>nti kadācipi saṅkocābhāvato vīriyaṃ suṭṭhu paggahitaṃ. <span class="bld">Paññā</span>ti vipassanāpaññā paṭipakkhehi anadhibhūtatāya akuṇṭhā tikkhavisadā saṅkhārānaṃ sammasane <span class="bld">sūrā hutvā vahati</span> pavattati. <span class="bld">Pariyāyenā</span>ti tassa domanassassa <a name="V2.0267"></a> arahattupanissayatāpariyāyena. Ārammaṇavasena anusayanaṃ idhādhippetanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘na taṃ ārabbha uppajjatī’’</span>ti. Anuppajjanamettha pahānaṃ nāmāti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pahīnova tattha paṭighānusayoti attho’’</span>ti. Tatiyajjhānena vikkhambhetabbā avijjā, sā eva ariyamaggena samucchindīyatīti <span class="bld">‘‘avijjānusayaṃ vikkhambhetvā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ, anusayasadisatāya vā. ‘‘Rāgānusayaṃ vikkhambhetvā’’ti etthāpi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Catutthajjhāne nānuseti nāma</span> tattha kātabbakiccākaraṇato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para466"></a><a name="para466_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">466</span>. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti paccanīkattā sabhāvato kiccato paccayato cāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Visabhāgapaṭibhāgo kathito</span> ‘‘kaṇhasukkasappaṭibhāgā dhammā’’tiādīsu viya. <span class="bld">Andhakārā</span>ti andhakārasadisā appakā sabhāvato. <span class="bld">Avibhūtā</span> apākaṭā anoḷārikabhāvato. Tato eva <span class="bld">duddīpanā</span> duviññāpanā. <span class="bld">Tādisāvā</span>ti upekkhāsadisāva. Yathā upekkhā sukhadukkhāni viya na oḷārikā, evaṃ avijjā rāgadosā viya na oḷārikā. Atha kho andhakārā avibhūtā duddīpanā duviññāpanāti attho. <span class="bld">Sabhāgapaṭibhāgo kathito</span> ‘‘paṇidhi paṭighoso’’tiādīsu viya. <span class="bld">Yattakesu ṭhānesū</span>ti dukkhādīsu yattakesu ṭhānesu, yattha vā ñeyyaṭṭhānesu. <span class="bld">Visabhāgapaṭibhāgo</span>ti andhakārassa <a name="M2.0290"></a> viya āloko vighātakapaṭibhāgo. <span class="bld">Vijjā</span>ti maggañāṇaṃ adhippetaṃ, <span class="bld">vimuttī</span>ti phalanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ubhopete dhammā anāsavā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Anāsavaṭṭhenā</span>tiādīsu paṇītaṭṭhenātipi vattabbaṃ. Sopi hi vimuttinibbānānaṃ sādhāraṇo, vimuttiyā asaṅkhataṭṭhena nibbānassa visabhāgatāpi labbhateva. <span class="bld">Pañhaṃ atikkamitvā gatosi,</span> apucchitabbaṃ pucchantoti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Pañhānaṃ paricchedapamāṇaṃ gahetuṃ</span> yuttaṭṭhāne aṭṭhatvā tato paraṃ pucchanto <span class="bld">nāsakkhi</span> pañhānaṃ pariyantaṃ gahetuṃ. <span class="bld">Appaṭibhāgadhammassā</span>ti nippariyāyato sabhāgapaṭibhāgena appaṭibhāgadhammassa. Anāgatādipariyāyena nibbānassa sabhāgapaṭibhāgo vutto, visabhāge ca attheva saṅkhatadhammā, tasmā nippariyāyato kiñci sabhāgapaṭibhāgaṃ sandhāya pucchatīti katvā <span class="bld">‘‘accayāsī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Asaṅkhatassa hi appatiṭṭhassa ekantaniccassa sato nibbānassa kuto nippariyāyena sabhāgassa sambhavo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘nibbānaṃ nāmeta’’</span>ntiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Viraddho</span>ti ettha sabhāgapaṭibhāgaṃ pucchissāmīti nicchayābhāvato pucchitamatthaṃ virajjhitvāva pucchi, na ajānitvāti attho. Etena heṭṭhā sabbapucchā diṭṭhasaṃsandananayena jānitvāva pavattāti dīpitaṃ hoti. Therī pana taṃ taṃ pucchitamatthaṃ sabhāvato vibhāventī satthu desanāñāṇaṃ anugantvāva vissajjesi. <span class="bld">Nibbānogadha</span>nti nibbānaṃ ogāhitvā ṭhitaṃ nibbānantogadhaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘nibbānabbhantaraṃ nibbānaṃ anupaviṭṭha’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti brahmacariyassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para467"></a><a name="para467_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">467</span>. <span class="bld">Paṇḍiccena</span> <a name="V2.0268"></a> <span class="bld">samannāgatā</span>ti ettha vuttapaṇḍiccaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘dhātukusalā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tenevāha – ‘‘kittāvatā nu kho, bhante, paṇḍito hoti? Yato kho, ānanda, bhikkhu dhātukusalo ca hoti, āyatanakusalo ca paṭiccasamuppādakusalo ca ṭhānāṭṭhānakusalo ca. Ettāvatā nu kho, ānanda, bhikkhu paṇḍito hotī’’ti (ma. ni. 3.124). <span class="bld">Paññāmahattaṃ</span> nāma theriyā asekkhappaṭisambhidappattāya paṭisambhidāyo pūretvā ṭhitatāti taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘mahante atthe’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Rājayuttehī</span>ti rañño kamme niyuttapurisehi. <span class="bld">Āhaccavacanenā</span>ti satthārā karaṇādīni āhanitvā pavattitavacanena. Yadettha atthato na vibhattaṃ, taṃ heṭṭhā vuttanayattā suviññeyyameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Cūḷavedallasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.</p>
<p class="subhead">5. Cūḷadhammasamādānasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para468"></a><a name="para468_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">468</span>. <span class="bld">Dhammoti</span> <a name="M2.0291"></a><a name="V2.0269"></a> <span class="bld">gahitagahaṇānī</span>ti dhammo vā hotu itaro vā, dhammoti paggahitaggāhappavattā cariyāva. <span class="bld">Āyūhanakkhaṇe</span>ti tassa dhammoti gahitassa pavattanakkhaṇe. <span class="bld">Sukha</span>nti akicchaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sukara’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Dukkhavipāka</span>nti aniṭṭhaphalavipaccanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para469"></a><a name="para469_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">469</span>. Yathā cakkhādīnaṃ pañcannaṃ indriyānaṃ yathāsakaṃ visayaggahaṇaṃ sabhāvasiddhaṃ, evaṃ manasopi. Te ca visayā iṭṭhākārato gahaṇe na koci doso, purisattabhāve na ca te dosaṃ pavattentīti ayaṃ tesaṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ laddhīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vatthukāmesupi kilesakāmesupi doso natthī’’</span>ti, assādetvā visayaparibhoge natthi ādīnavo, tappaccayā na koci antarāyoti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Pātabyataṃ āpajjantī</span>ti paribhuñjanakataṃ upagacchanti. Paribhogattho hi ayaṃ <span class="bld">pā</span>-saddo kattusādhano ca <span class="bld">tabya</span>-saddo, yathāruci paribhuñjantīti attho. Kilesakāmopi assādiyamāno vatthukāmantogadhoyeva, kilesakāmavasena pana nesaṃ assādetabbatāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vatthukāmesu kilesakāmena pātabyata’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Kilesakāmenā</span>ti karaṇatthe karaṇavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Pātabyataṃ paribhuñjitabbata</span>nti etthāpi kattuvaseneva attho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Moḷiṃ katvā</span>ti veṇibandhavasena moḷiṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Tāpasaparibbājikāhī</span>ti tāpasapabbajjūpagatāhi. <span class="bld">Pariññaṃ paññapentī</span>ti idaṃ ‘‘pahānamāhaṃsū’’ti padasseva vevacananti <span class="bld">‘‘pahānaṃ samatikkamaṃ paññapentī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Tena kāmā nāmete aniccā dukkhā vipariṇāmadhammāti yāthāvato parijānanaṃ idha ‘‘pahāna’’nti adhippetaṃ, na vinābhāvamattanti dasseti. <span class="bld">Māluvāsipāṭikā</span>ti māluvāvidalaṃ māluvāphale poṭṭalikā. <span class="bld">Santāsaṃ āpajjeyyā</span>ti sāle adhivatthadevatāya pavattiṃ gahetvā vuttaṃ. Tadā hi tassā evaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Koviḷārapattasadisehī</span>ti mahākoviḷārapattasaṇṭhānehi. Saṇṭhānavasena hetaṃ vuttaṃ, māluvāpattā pana koviḷārapattehi mahantatarāni ceva ghanatarāni ca honti. Vipulabahughanagarupattatāya <span class="bld">mahantaṃ bhāraṃ janetvā. Sāti</span> māluvālatā. <span class="bld">Oghana</span>nti heṭṭhato olambanahetubhūtaṃ ghanabhāvaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Andhavanasubhagavana</span>ggahaṇaṃ <a name="M2.0292"></a> tesaṃ abhilakkhitabhāvato. <span class="bld">Nāḷikerādīsu</span> tiṇajātīsu. Khādanupalakkhaṇaṃ upacikānaṃ uṭṭhahanaggahaṇanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘uṭṭhaheyyu’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Keḷiṃ karontī viyā</span>ti vilambananadī <a name="V2.0270"></a> viya keḷiṃ karontī. Idāni ahaṃ taṃ ajjhottharinti pamodamānā viya ito cito ca vipphandamānā <span class="bld">vilambantī. Samphassopi sukho</span> mudutaluṇakomalabhāvato. <span class="bld">Dassanampi sukhaṃ</span> ghanabahalapattasaṃhatatāya. <span class="bld">Somanassajātā</span>ti pubbe anussavavasena bhavanavināsabhayā santāsaṃ āpajji, idāni tassā sampattidassanena palobhitā somanassajātā ahosi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Viṭabhiṃ kareyyā</span>ti ātānavitānavasena jaṭentī jālaṃ kareyya. Tathābhūtā ca ghanapattasañchannatāya chattasadisī hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘chattākārena tiṭṭheyyā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sakalaṃ rukkha</span>nti upari sabbasākhāpasākhaṃ sabbarukkhaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhassamānā</span>ti paliveṭhanavaseneva otaramānā. <span class="bld">Yāva mūlā otiṇṇasākhāhī</span>ti māluvā bhārena onamitvā rukkhassa yāva mūlā otiṇṇasākhāhi puna abhiruhamānā. <span class="bld">Sabbasākhā</span>ti heṭṭhā majjhe upari cāti sabbāpi sākhāyo paliveṭhentī. <span class="bld">Saṃsibbitvā</span> jālasantānakaniyāmena jaṭetvā. Evaṃ aparāparaṃ saṃsibbanena <span class="bld">ajjhottharantī. Sabbasākhā heṭṭhā katvā sayaṃ upari ṭhatvā</span> mahābhārabhāvena <span class="bld">vāte vā vāyante deve vā vassante padāleyya. Sākhaṭṭhakavimāna</span>nti sākhāpaṭibaddhaṃ vimānaṃ. Yasmā idha satthārā ‘‘seyyathāpi, bhikkhave’’tiādinā bhūtapubbameva vatthu upamābhāvena āhaṭaṃ, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘idaṃ pana vimāna’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para471"></a><a name="para471_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">471</span>. <span class="bld">Bahalarāgasabhāvo</span>ti paccavekkhaṇāhi nīharituṃ asakkuṇeyyatāya balavā hutvā abhibhavanarāgadhātuko. <span class="bld">Rāgaja</span>nti rāganimittajātaṃ. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhe diṭṭhe ārammaṇe</span>ti diṭṭhe diṭṭhe visabhāgārammaṇe. <span class="bld">Nimittaṃ gaṇhātī</span>ti kilesuppattiyā kāraṇabhūtaṃ anubyañjanaso nimittaṃ gaṇhāti, sikkhāgāravena pana kilesehi nissitaṃ maggaṃ na paṭipajjati, tato eva ācariyupajjhāyehi āṇattaṃ daṇḍakammaṃ karoteva. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘na tveva vītikkamaṃ karotī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Hatthaparāmāsādīnī</span>ti – ‘‘ehi tāva tayā vuttaṃ mayā vuttañca amutra gantvā vīmaṃsissāmā’’tiādinā hatthaggahaṇādīni karonto, na karuṇāmettānidānavasena. <span class="bld">Mohajātiko</span>ti bahalamohasabhāvo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para472"></a><a name="para472_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">472</span>. <span class="bld">Kammaniyāmenā</span>ti <a name="M2.0293"></a> purimajātisiddhena lobhussadatādiniyamitena kammaniyāmena. Idāni taṃ lobhussadatādiṃ vibhāgena dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yassa hī’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">kammāyūhanakkhaṇe</span>ti kammakaraṇavelāya. <span class="bld">Lobho balavā</span>ti tajjāya sāmaggiyā sāmatthiyato lobho adhiko <a name="V2.0271"></a> hoti. <span class="bld">Alobho mando</span>ti tappaṭipakkho alobho dubbalo hoti. Kathaṃ panete lobhālobhā aññamaññaṃ ujuvipaccanīkabhūtā ekakkhaṇe pavattanti? Na kho panetaṃ evaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ ‘‘ekakkhaṇe pavattantī’’ti, nikantikkhaṇaṃ pana āyūhanakkhaṇameva katvā evaṃ vuttaṃ. Esa nayo sesesu. <span class="bld">Pariyādātu</span>nti abhibhavituṃ na sakkoti. Yo hi ‘‘evaṃsundaraṃ evaṃvipulaṃ evaṃmahagghañca na sakkā parassa dātu’’ntiādinā amuttacāgatādivasena pavattāya cetanāya sampayutto alobho sammadeva lobhaṃ pariyādātuṃ na sakkoti. Dosamohānaṃ anuppattiyaṃ tādisapaccayalābheneva <span class="bld">adosāmohā balavanto. Tasmā</span>ti lobhādosāmohānaṃ balavabhāvato alobhadosamohānañca dubbalabhāvatoti vuttameva kāraṇaṃ paccāmasati. <span class="bld">So</span>ti taṃsamaṅgī. <span class="bld">Tena kammenā</span>ti tena lobhādiupanissayavatā kusalakammunā. <span class="bld">Sukhasīlo</span>ti sakhilo. Tamevatthaṃ <span class="bld">akkodhano</span>ti pariyāyena vadati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mandā alobhādosā</span> lobhadose pariyādātuṃ na sakkonti, <span class="bld">amoho pana balavā</span> mohaṃ pariyādātuṃ sakkotīti evaṃ yathārahaṃ paṭhamavāre vuttanayeneva atidesattho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Purimanayenevā</span>ti pubbe vuttanayānusārena. <span class="bld">Duṭṭho</span>ti kodhano. <span class="bld">Dandho</span>ti mandamañño. <span class="bld">Sukhasīlako</span>ti sukhasīlo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca lobhavasena, dosamoha-lobhadosa-lobhamoha-dosamoha-lobhadosamohavasenāti tayo ekakā, tayo dukā, eko tikoti lobhādiussadavasena akusalapakkhe eva satta vārā, tathā kusalapakkhe alobhādiussadavasenāti cuddasa vārā labbhanti. Tattha alobhadosamohā, alobhādosamohā, alobhadosāmohā balavantoti āgatehi kusalapakkhe tatiyadutiyapaṭhamavārehi dosussadamohussadadosamohussadavārā gahitā eva honti. Tathā <a name="M2.0294"></a> akusalapakkhe lobhādosāmohā, lobhadosāmohā, lobhādosamohā balavantoti āgatehi tatiyadutiyapaṭhamavārehi adosussadaamohussadaadosāmohussadavārā gahitā evāti akusalakusalapakkhesu tayo tayo vāre antogadhe katvā aṭṭheva vārā dassitā. Ye pana ubhayasammissatāvasena lobhālobhussadavārādayo apare ekūnapaññāsa vārā kāmaṃ dassetabbā, tesaṃ asambhavato eva na dassitā. Na hi ‘‘ekasmiṃ santāne antarena avatthantaraṃ lobho ca balavā alobho cā’’tiādi yujjati. Paṭipakkhavasena vāpi etesaṃ balavadubbalabhāvo sahajātadhammavasena <a name="V2.0272"></a> vā. Tattha lobhassa tāva paṭipakkhavasena anabhibhūtatāya balavabhāvo, tathā dosamohānaṃ adosāmohehi. Alobhādīnaṃ pana lobhādianabhibhavanato. Sabbesañca samānajātiyasamadhibhuyya pavattivasena sahajātadhammato balavabhāvo. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> (ma. ni. aṭṭha. 2.472) – ‘‘lobho balavā, alobho mando. Adosāmohā balavanto, dosamohā mandā’’tiādi, so ca nesaṃ mandabalavabhāvo purimūpanissayato tathā āsayassa paribhāvitatāya veditabbo. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘kammaniyāmenā’’</span>ti. Sesaṃ vuttanayattā suviññeyyamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Cūḷadhammasamādānasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.</p>
<p class="subhead">6. Mahādhammasamādānasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para473"></a><a name="para473_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">473</span>. Evaṃ <a name="V2.0273"></a> idāni vuccamānākāro kāmo kāmanaṃ icchā etesanti <span class="bld">evaṃkāmā</span>. Evaṃ chando chandanaṃ rocanaṃ ajjhāsayo etesanti <span class="bld">evaṃchandā</span>. Abhimukhaṃ, abhinivissa vā pakārehi eti upagacchatīti adhippāyo, laddhi. Sā hi laddhabbavatthuṃ abhimukhaṃ ‘‘evameta’’nti abhinivisantī tena tena pakārena upagacchati, hatthagataṃ katvā tiṭṭhati na vissajjeti. Evaṃ vuccamānākāro adhippāyo etesanti <span class="bld">evaṃadhippāyā</span>. Bhagavā mūlaṃ kāraṇaṃ etesaṃ yāthāvato adhigamāyāti <span class="bld">bhagavaṃmūlakā</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘bhagavantañhi nissāya mayaṃ ime dhamme ājānāma paṭivijjhāmā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Amhākaṃ</span> <span class="bld">dhammā</span>ti <a name="M2.0295"></a> tehi attanā adhigantabbatāya vuttaṃ. Sevitabbānañhi yāthāvato adhigamañāṇāni adhigacchanakasambandhīni, tāni ca sammāsambuddhamūlakāni anaññavisayattā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘pubbe kassapasambuddhenā’’</span>tiādi. Bhagavā netā tesanti <span class="bld">bhagavaṃnettikā. Netā</span>ti sevitabbadhamme vineyyasantānaṃ pāpetā. <span class="bld">Vinetā</span>ti asevitabbadhamme vineyyasantānato apanetā. Tadaṅgavinayādivasena vā <span class="bld">vinetā. Anunetā</span>ti ime dhammā sevitabbā, ime na sevitabbāti ubhayasampāpanāpanayanatthaṃ paññapetā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yathāsabhāvato’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paṭisaranti etthāti paṭisaraṇaṃ, bhagavā paṭisaraṇaṃ etesanti <span class="bld">bhagavaṃpaṭisaraṇā</span>. Paṭisarati sabhāvasampaṭivedhavasena paccekamupagacchatīti vā paṭisaraṇaṃ, bhagavā paṭisaraṇaṃ etesanti <span class="bld">bhagavaṃpaṭisaraṇā. Paṭivedhavasenā</span>ti paṭivijjhitabbatāvasena. Asatipi mukhe atthato evaṃ vadanto viya hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘phasso āgacchati, ahaṃ bhagavā kiṃ nāmo’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Paṭibhātū</span>ti ettha paṭi-saddāpekkhāya ‘‘bhagavanta’’nti upayogavacanaṃ, attho pana sāmivacanavaseneva veditabboti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘bhagavato’’</span>ti <span class="bld">paṭibhātū</span>ti ca bhagavato bhāgo hotu. Bhagavato hi esa bhāgo, yadidaṃ dhammassa desanā, amhākaṃ pana bhāgo savananti adhippāyo. Keci pana <span class="bld">paṭibhātū</span>ti padissatūti atthaṃ vadanti, ñāṇena dissatu, desīyatūti vā attho. <span class="bld">Upaṭṭhātū</span>ti ca ñāṇassa paccupaṭṭhātu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para474"></a><a name="para474_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">474</span>. <span class="bld">Nissayitabbe</span>ti <a name="V2.0274"></a> attano santāne uppādanavasena apassayitabbe. Tatiyacatutthadhammasamādānāni hi apassāya sattānaṃ etarahi āyatiñca sampattiyo abhivaḍḍhanti. <span class="bld">Bhajitabbe</span>ti tasseva vevacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Sevitabbe</span>ti vā sappurisupassayasaddhammassavanayonisomanasikāre sandhāyāha. <span class="bld">Bhajitabbe</span>ti tappaccaye dānādipuññadhamme.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para475"></a><a name="para475_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">475</span>. <span class="bld">Uppaṭipāṭiākārenā</span>ti paṭhamaṃ saṃkilesadhamme dassetvā pacchā vodānadhammadassanaṃ satthu desanāpaṭipāṭi, yathā – ‘‘vāmaṃ muñca, dakkhiṇaṃ gaṇhā’’ti (dha. sa. aṭṭha. 498; visuddhi. mahāṭī. 1.14), tathā uppaṭipāṭipakārena, sā ca kho purimesu dvīsu dhammasamādānesu<a name="M2.0296"></a>, pacchimesu pana paṭipāṭiyāva mātikā paṭṭhapitā. <span class="bld">Yathādhammarasenevā</span>ti pahātabbapahāyakadhammānaṃ yathāsabhāveneva. Sabhāvo hi yāthāvato rasitabbato jānitabbato ‘‘raso’’ti vuccati. Paṭhamaṃ pahātabbadhamme dassetvā tadanantaraṃ ‘‘ime dhammā etehi pahīyantī’’ti pahāyakadhammadassanaṃ desanānupubbī. <span class="bld">Gahaṇaṃ</span> ādiyanaṃ attano santāne uppādanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para478"></a><a name="para478_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">478</span>. Vadhadaṇḍādīhi bhītassa upasaṅkamane, micchā caritvā tathā apagamane ca pubbāparacetanānaṃ vasena micchācāro dukkhavedano hoti, tathā issānindādīhi upaddutassa aparacetanāvasena, evaṃ abhijjhāmicchādiṭṭhīsupi yathārahaṃ veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Tissannampi cetanāna</span>nti pubbāparasanniṭṭhāpakacetanānaṃ. Adinnādānaṃ musāvādo pisuṇavācā samphappalāpoti imesaṃ catunnaṃ sanniṭṭhāpakacetanānaṃ sukhasampayuttā vā upekkhāsampayuttā vāti ayaṃ nayo idha adhikatattā na uddhaṭo. <span class="bld">Domanassameva cettha dukkha</span>nti idaṃ pubbabhāgāparabhāgacetanāpi cettha āsannā domanassasahagatā eva hontīti katvā vuttaṃ. Anāsannā pana sandhāya <span class="bld">‘‘pariyeṭṭhiṃ vā āpajjantassā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Teneva micchācārābhijjhāmicchādiṭṭhīnaṃ pubbabhāgāparabhāgacetanā āsannā sanniṭṭhāpakacetanāgatikāvāti dassitaṃ hotīti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Pariyeṭṭhi</span>nti micchācārādīsu vītikkamitabbavatthumālāgandhādipariyesanaṃ. Pāṇātipātādīsu māretabbavatthuāvudhādipariyesanaṃ <span class="bld">āpajjantassa</span>. Akicchenapi tesaṃ pariyesanaṃ sambhavatīti <span class="bld">‘‘vaṭṭatiyevā’’</span>ti sāsaṅkaṃ vadati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para479"></a><a name="para479_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">479</span>. <span class="bld">Sukhavedanā hontī</span>ti sukhavedanāpi hontīti adhippāyo. Tāsaṃ cetanānaṃ asukhavedanatāpi labbhatīti <span class="bld">‘‘sukhavedanāpi hontiyevā’’</span>ti sāsaṅkavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Somanassameva cettha sukha</span>nti idaṃ pubbabhāgāparabhāgacetanāpi somanassasahagatā eva hontīti katvā vuttaṃ. Tañca kho <a name="V2.0275"></a> micchācāravajjānaṃ channaṃ vasena. Micchācārassa pana pubbāparabhāgassa vasena <span class="bld">‘‘kāyikaṃ sukhampi vaṭṭatiyevā</span>ti sāsaṅkavacanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para480"></a><a name="para480_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">480</span>. Dosajapariḷāhavasenassa siyā kāyikampi dukkhanti adhippāyena <span class="bld">‘‘so gaṇhantopi dukkhito’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Cetodukkhameva vā sandhāya tassa aparāparuppattidassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘dukkhito domanassito’’</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para481"></a><a name="para481_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">481</span>. <span class="bld">Dasasupi</span> <a name="M2.0297"></a> <span class="bld">padesū</span>ti dasasupi koṭṭhāsesu, vākyesu vā. Upekkhāsampayuttatāpi sambhavatīti <span class="bld">‘‘sukhasampayuttā hontiyevā’’</span>ti idha sāsaṅkavacanaṃ. Pāṇātipātā paṭiviratassa kāyopi siyā vigatadarathapariḷāhoti pāṇātipātāveramaṇiādipaccayā kāyikapaṭisaṃvedanāpi sambhavatīti <span class="bld">sahāpi sukhenā</span>ti ettha kāyiyasukhampi vaṭṭatiyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para482"></a><a name="para482_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">482</span>. <span class="bld">Tittakālābū</span>ti upabhuttassa ummādādipāpanena kucchitatittakaraso alābu. <span class="bld">Na ruccissati</span> aniṭṭharasatāya aniṭṭhaphalatāya ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para483"></a><a name="para483_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">483</span>. <span class="bld">Rasaṃ detī</span>ti rasaṃ dasseti vibhāveti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para484"></a><a name="para484_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">484</span>. <span class="bld">Pūtimutta</span>nti pūtisabhāvamuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Taruṇa</span>nti dhārāvasena nipatantaṃ hutvā uṇhaṃ. Tenassa uparimuttatamāha. Muttañhi passāvamaggato muccamānaṃ kāyusmāvasena uṇhaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para485"></a><a name="para485_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">485</span>. <span class="bld">Yaṃ bhagandarasaṃsaṭṭhaṃ lohitaṃ pakkhandatī</span>ti bhagandarabyādhisahitāya lohitapakkhandatāya vasena yaṃ lohitaṃ vissavati. Pittasaṃsaṭṭhaṃ lohitaṃ pakkhandatīti ānetvā sambandho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para486"></a><a name="para486_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">486</span>. <span class="bld">Ubbiddhe</span>ti dūre. Abbhamahikādiupakkilesavigamena hi ākāsaṃ uttuṅgaṃ viya dūraṃ viya ca khāyati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘dūrībhūte’’</span>ti. Tamaṃyeva <span class="bld">tamagataṃ</span> ‘‘gūthagataṃ muttagata’’nti (ma. ni. 2.119; a. ni. 9.11) yathā. <span class="bld">Bhāsate ca tapate ca virocate</span> ca idaṃ catutthaṃ dhammasamādānaṃ vibhajantena kusalakammapathassa vibhajitvā dassitattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Saṅgararukkho <a name="V2.0276"></a> kandamādasapova. <span class="bld">Sarabhaññavasenā</span>ti atthaṃ avibhajitvā padaso sarabhaññavasena. <span class="bld">Osārentassā</span>ti uccārentassa. <span class="bld">Sadde</span>ti osāraṇasadde. Adhigatavisesaṃ anārocetukāmā <span class="bld">devatā tattheva antaradhāyi. Taṃ divasa</span>nti satthārā desitadivase. Iti attano visesādhigamanimittatāya ayaṃ devatā imaṃ suttaṃ piyāyati. Sesaṃ uttānameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Mahādhammasamādānasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.</p>
<p class="subhead">7. Vīmaṃsakasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para487"></a><a name="para487_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">487</span>. <span class="bld">Atthavīmaṃsako</span>ti <a name="M2.0298"></a><a name="V2.0277"></a> attatthaparatthādiatthavijānanako. <span class="bld">Saṅkhāravīmaṃsako</span>ti saṅkhatadhamme salakkhaṇato sāmaññalakkhaṇato vā āyatanādivibhāgato ca vīmaṃsako. <span class="bld">Satthuvīmaṃsako</span>ti ‘‘satthā nāma guṇato ediso ediso cā’’ti satthu upaparikkhako. <span class="bld">Vīmaṃsako</span>ti vicārako. Yaṃ cetaso sarāgādivibhāgato paricchindanaṃ, taṃ <span class="bld">cetopariyāyo</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘cittapariccheda’’</span>nti. Yasmā cetopariyāyañāṇalābhī – ‘‘idaṃ cittaṃ ito paraṃ pavattaṃ idamito para’’nti parassa cittuppattiṃ pajānāti, tasmā vuttaṃ ‘‘<span class="bld">cetopariyāyanti cittavāra’’</span>nti. Vāratthepi hi <span class="bld">pariyāya</span>-saddo hoti – ‘‘kassa nu kho, ānanda, pariyāyo ajja bhikkhuniyo ovaditu’’ntiādīsu (ma. ni. 3.398). Cittacārantipi pāṭho, cittapavattinti attho. <span class="bld">Evaṃ vijānanatthāyā</span>ti idāni vuccamānākārena vīmaṃsanatthāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para488"></a><a name="para488_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">488</span>. <span class="bld">Kalyāṇamittūpanissaya</span>nti kalyāṇamittasaṅkhātaṃ brahmacariyavāsassa balavasannissayaṃ. <span class="bld">Upaḍḍhaṃ attano ānubhāvenā</span>ti iminā puggalena sampādiyamānassa brahmacariyassa upaḍḍhabhāgamattaṃ attano vimuttiparipācakadhammānubhāvena sijjhati. <span class="bld">Upaḍḍhaṃ kalyāṇamittānubhāvenā</span>ti itaro pana upaḍḍhabhāgo yaṃ nissāya brahmacariyaṃ vussati, tassa kalyāṇamittassa upadesānubhāvena <span class="bld">hoti,</span> sijjhatīti attho. Lokasiddho eva ayamattho. Lokiyā hi –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Pādo siddho ācariyā, pādo hissānubhāvato;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Taṃvijjāsevakā pādo, pādo kālena paccatī’’ti. –</p>
<p class="unindented">Vadanti. <span class="bld">Attano dhammatāyā</span>ti attano sabhāvena, ñāṇenāti attho. <span class="bld">Kalyāṇamittatā</span>ti kalyāṇo bhadro sundaro mitto etassāti kalyāṇamitto, tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">kalyāṇamittatā,</span> kalyāṇamittavantatā. Sīlādiguṇasampannehi kalyāṇapuggaleheva ayanaṃ pavatti <span class="bld">kalyāṇasahāyatā</span>. Tesu eva cittena ceva kāyena ca ninnapoṇapabbhārabhāvena pavatti <span class="bld">kalyāṇasampavaṅkatā. Māheva</span>nti evaṃ mā āha, ‘‘upaḍḍhaṃ brahmacariyassā’’ti mā kathehīti attho. <span class="bld">Tadaminā</span>ti ettha nti nipātamattaṃ <a name="M2.0299"></a> da-kāro padasandhikaro i-kārassa a-kāraṃ katvā niddeso. <span class="bld">Imināpī</span>ti idāni vuccamānenapīti <a name="V2.0278"></a> attho. <span class="bld">Pariyāyenā</span>ti kāraṇena. Idāni taṃ kāraṇaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘mamaṃ hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā cettha, aññesupi suttesu kalyāṇamittupanissayameva visesoti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘bhikkhūnaṃ bāhiraṅgasampattiṃ kathentopī’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">vimuttiparipācaniyadhamme</span>ti vimuttiyā arahattassa paripācakadhamme. <span class="bld">Paccaye</span>ti gilānapaccayabhesajje. <span class="bld">Mahājacco</span>ti mahākulīno.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāyiko samācāro</span>ti abhikkamapaṭikkamādiko satisampajaññaparikkhato pākatiko ca. <span class="bld">Vīmaṃsakassa</span> upaparikkhakassa. <span class="bld">Cakkhuviññeyyo nāma</span> cakkhudvārānusārena viññātabbattā. <span class="bld">Sotaviññeyyo</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Saṃkiliṭṭhā</span>ti rāgādisaṃkilesadhammehi vibādhitā, upatāpitā vidūsitā malīnā cāti attho. Te pana tehi samannāgatā hontīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kilesasampayuttā’’</span>ti. Yadi na cakkhusotaviññeyyā, pāḷiyaṃ kathaṃ tathā vuttāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yathā panā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Kāyavacīsamācārāpi</span> <span class="bld">saṃkiliṭṭhāyeva nāma</span> saṃkiliṭṭhacittasamuṭṭhānato. Bhavati hi taṃhetukepi tadupacāro yathā ‘‘semho guḷo’’ti. ‘‘Mā me idaṃ asāruppaṃ paro aññāsī’’ti pana <span class="bld">paṭicchannatāya na na upalabbhanti. ‘‘Na kho mayaṃ, bhante, bhagavato kiñci garahāmā’’</span>ti vatvā garahitabbābhāvaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘bhagavā hī’’</span>tiādimāha. Abhāvitamaggassa hi garahitabbatā nāma siyā, na bhāvitamaggassa. <span class="bld">Esa</span> uttaro māṇavo ‘‘buddhampi garahitvā pakkamissāmī’’ti katvā anubandhi. <span class="bld">Evaṃ cintesi</span> mahābhinikkhamanadivase attano vacane aṭṭhitattā. <span class="bld">Kiñci vajjaṃ apassanto</span> māro evamāha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Satta vassāni bhagavantaṃ, anubandhiṃ padāpadaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Otāraṃ nādhigacchissaṃ, sambuddhassa satīmato’’ti. (su. ni. 448);</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāle kaṇhā, kāle sukkā</span>ti yathāsamādinnaṃ sammāpaṭipattiṃ parisuddhaṃ katvā pavattetuṃ asakkontassa kadāci kaṇhā aparisuddhā kāyasamācārādayo, kadāci sukkā parisuddhāti evaṃ antarantarā byāmissavasena <a name="M2.0300"></a> <span class="bld">vomissakā. Nikkilesā</span>ti nirupakkilesā anupakkiliṭṭhā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anavajjaṃ</span> vajjarahitattā. <span class="bld">Dīgharatta</span>nti accantasaṃyoge upayogavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Samāpanno</span>ti sammā āpanno samaṅgībhūto. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘samannāgato’’</span>ti. Attanā katassa asāruppassa paṭicchādanatthaṃ <span class="bld">āraññako</span> <a name="V2.0279"></a> <span class="bld">viya hutvā. Tassa parihāra</span>nti uḷārehi pūjāsakkārehi manussehi tassa parihariyamānataṃ. <span class="bld">Atidappito</span>ti evaṃ manussānaṃ sambhāvanāya ativiya datto gabbito.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na ittarasamāpannoti jānāti</span>. Kasmā? Sīlaṃ nāma dīghena addhunā jānitabbaṃ, na ittarena. Idāni anekajātisamudācāravasena tathāgato imaṃ kusalaṃ dhammaṃ dīgharattaṃ samāpanno, tañcassa ativiya acchariyanti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘anacchariyaṃ ceta’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Araññagāmake</span>ti araññapadese ekasmiṃ khuddakagāme. Tattha nesaṃ divase divase piṇḍāya caraṇassa avicchinnataṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘piṇḍāya carantī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Pivantī</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Dullabhaloṇo hoti</span> samuddassa dūratāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tadā kira videharaṭṭhe soḷasa gāmasahassāni mahantāneva. Tenāha – <span class="bld">‘‘hitvā gāmasahassāni, paripuṇṇāni soḷasā’’</span>ti. Idāni kasmā <span class="bld">‘‘sannidhiṃ dāni kubbasī’’</span>ti maṃ ghaṭṭethāti vatthukāmo taṃ anāvikatvā <span class="bld">‘‘loṇa…pe… na karothā’’</span>ti āha. Gandhāro tassādhippāyaṃ vibhāvetukāmo <span class="bld">‘‘kiṃ mayā kataṃ vedehīsī’’</span>ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Itaro attano adhippāyaṃ vibhāvento <span class="bld">‘‘hitvā’’</span>ti gāthamāha. Itaro <span class="bld">‘‘dhammaṃ bhaṇāmī’’</span>ti gāthanti evaṃ sabbāpi nesaṃ vacanapaṭivacanagāthā. Tattha <span class="bld">pasāsasī</span>ti ghaṭṭento viya anusāsasi. <span class="bld">Na pāpamupalimpati</span> cittappakopābhāvato. <span class="bld">Mahatthiya</span>nti mahāatthasaṃhitaṃ. <span class="bld">No ce assa sakā buddhī</span>tiādi vedehaisino – ‘‘ācariyo mama hitesitāya ṭhatvā dhammaṃ eva bhaṇatī’’ti yoniso ummujjanākāradassanaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘evañca pana vatvā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Ñattā’’ti loke ñāyati vissutoti ñāto, ñātassa bhāvo <span class="bld">ñattaṃ. Ajjhāpanno</span>ti upagato. Ñatta-ggahaṇena patthaṭayasatā vibhāvitāti <a name="M2.0301"></a> āha <span class="bld">‘‘yasañca parivārasampatti’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Ki</span>nti kiṃpayojanaṃ, ko ettha dosoti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tattha tattha vijjhanto</span>ti yasamadena parivāramadena ca matto hutvā gāmepi vihārepi janavivittepi saṅghamajjhepi aññe bhikkhū ghaṭṭento ‘‘mayhaṃ nāma pādā itaresaṃ pādaphusanaṭṭhānaṃ phusantī’’ti aphusitukāmatāya aggapādena bhūmiṃ phusanto viya carati. <span class="bld">Onamatī</span>ti nivātavuttitāya avanamati anuddhato atthaddho hoti. <span class="bld">Akiñcanabhāva</span>nti ‘‘pabbajitena nāma akiñcanañāṇena <a name="V2.0280"></a> samapariggahena bhavitabba’’nti akiñcanajjhāsayaṃ paṭiavekkhitvā. <span class="bld">Lābhepi tādī, alābhepi tādī</span>ti yathā alābhakāle lābhassa laddhakālepi tathevāti tādī ekasadiso. <span class="bld">Yase</span> satipi mahāparivārakālepi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Abhayo hutvā uparato</span>ti nibbhayo hutvā bhayassa abhāveneva oramitabbato uparato bhayahetūnaṃ pahīnattā. Tañca kho na katipayakālaṃ, atha kho accantameva uparatoti <span class="bld">accantūparato</span>. Atha kho bhāyitabbavatthuṃ avekkhitvā tato <span class="bld">bhayena uparato</span>. Kilesā eva bhāyitabbato <span class="bld">kilesabhayaṃ</span>. Esa nayo sesesupi. <span class="bld">Satta sekkhā</span>ti satta sekkhāpi bhayūparatā, pageva puthujjanoti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Thaṇḍilapīṭhaka</span>nti thaṇḍilamañcasadisaṃ pīṭhakanti attho. <span class="bld">Nissāyā</span>ti apassāya taṃ apassāyaṃ katvā. Dvinnaṃ majjhe thaṇḍilapīṭhakā dvāre ṭhatvā olokentassa nevāsikabhikkhussa na paññāyi. <span class="bld">Asaññatanīhārenā</span>ti na saññatākārena. ‘‘Maṃ bhāyanto heṭṭhāmañcaṃ paviṭṭho bhavissatī’’ti heṭṭhāmañcaṃ <span class="bld">oloketvā. Ukkāsi</span> ‘‘bahi gacchanto akkositvā mā apuññaṃ pasavī’’ti. <span class="bld">Adhivāsetu</span>nti tādisaṃ iddhānabhāvaṃ disvāpi paṭapaṭāyanto attano kodhaṃ adhivāsetuṃ asakkonto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Khayenevā</span>ti rāgassa accantakkhayeneva vītarāgattā. <span class="bld">Na paṭisaṅkhāya vāretvā</span>ti na paṭisaṅkhānabalena rāgapariyuṭṭhānaṃ nivāretvā vītarāgattā. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> vuttappakārena. Kāyasamācārādīnaṃ saṃkiliṭṭhānaṃ vītikkamiyānañca abhāvaṃ ācārassa vodānaṃ cirakālasamāciṇṇatāya ñātassa sahitabhāvepi anupakkiliṭṭhatāya abhayūparatabhāvasamannesanāya ākarīyati ñāpetuṃ icchito attho pakārato ñāpīyati etehīti <span class="bld">ākārā,</span> <a name="M2.0302"></a> upapattisādhanakāraṇāni. Tāni pana yasmā attano yathānumatassa atthassa ñāpakabhāvena vavatthīyanti, tasmā tāni tesaṃ mūlakāraṇabhūtāni anumānañāṇāni ca dassento bhagavā – ‘‘ke panāyasmato ākārā ke anvayā’’ti avocāti imamatthaṃ vibhāvento <span class="bld">‘‘ākārāti kāraṇāni, anvayāti anubuddhiyo’’</span>ti āha. Yathā hi loke diṭṭhena dhūmena adiṭṭhaṃ aggiṃ anveti anumānato jānāti, evaṃ vīmaṃsako bhikkhu – ‘‘bhagavā ekekavihāresu suppaṭipannesu duppaṭipannesu ca yathā ekasadisatādassanena abhayūparatataṃ anveti anumānato jānāti, suppaṭipannaduppaṭipannapuggalesu anussādanānapasādanappattāya satthu aviparītadhammadesanatāya sammāsambuddhataṃ saṅghasuppaṭipattiñca anveti anumānato jānāti, evaṃ jānanto ca abhayūparato tathāgato sabbadhi vītarāgattā, yo <a name="V2.0281"></a> yattha vītarāgo, na so tannimittaṃ kiñci bhayaṃ passati seyyathāpi brahmā kāmabhavanimittaṃ, tathā sammāsambuddho bhagavā aviparītadhammadesanattā, svākhāto dhammo ekantaniyyānikattā, suppaṭipanno saṅgho aveccappasannattā’’ti vatthuttayaṃ guṇato yāthāvato jānāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gaṇabandhanenā</span>ti ‘‘mama saddhivihārikā mama antevāsikā’’ti evaṃ gaṇe apekkhāsaṅkhātena bandhanena baddhā payuttā. <span class="bld">Tāya tāya paṭipattiyā</span>ti ‘‘sugatā duggatā’’ti vuttāya suppaṭipattiyā duppaṭipattiyā ca. <span class="bld">Ussādanā</span>ti guṇavasena ukkaṃsanā. <span class="bld">Apasādanā</span>ti hīḷanā. Ubhayattha <span class="bld">gehassitavasenā</span>ti iminā sammāpaṭipattiyā paresaṃ uyyojanatthaṃ – ‘‘paṇḍito, bhikkhave, mahākaccāno’’tiādinā (ma. ni. 1.205; 3.285, 322) guṇato ukkaṃsanampi āyatiṃ saṃvarāya yathāparādhaṃ garahaṇampi na nivāreti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para489"></a><a name="para489_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">489</span>. Vīmaṃsakassapi adhippāyo vīmaṃsanavasena pavatto. <span class="bld">Mūlavīmaṃsako</span> hetuvāditāya. Gaṇṭhivīmaṃsakassa anussutibhāvato vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘parasseva kathāya niṭṭhaṅgato’’</span>ti. Tenāha bhagavā – ‘‘parassa cetopariyāyaṃ ajānantenā’’ti. <span class="bld">Tathāgatova paṭipucchitabbo</span>ti iminā pubbe sādhāraṇato vuttaṃ anumānaṃ ukkaṃsaṃ pāpetvā vadati. Ukkaṃsagatañhetaṃ anumānaṃ, yadidaṃ sabbaññuvacanaṃ avisaṃvādaṃ sāmaññato aputhujjanagocarassa <a name="M2.0303"></a> atthassa anumānato. Tividho hi attho, koci paccakkhasiddho, yo rūpādidhammānaṃ paccattavedaniyo aniddisitabbākāro. Koci anumānasiddho, yo ghaṭādīsu pasiddhena paccayāyattabhāvena sādhiyamāno saddādīnaṃ aniccatādiākāro. Koci okappanasiddho, yo pacurajanassa accantamadiṭṭho saddhāvisayo paralokanibbānādi. Tattha yassa satthuno vacanaṃ paccakkhasiddhe anumānasiddhe ca atthe na visaṃvādeti aviparītappavattiyā, tassa vacanena saddheyyatthasiddhi, saddheyyarūpā eva ca yebhuyyena satthuguṇā accantasambhavato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Esa mayhaṃ patho</span>ti yvāyaṃ ājīvaṭṭhamakasīlasaṅkhāto mayhaṃ oramattako guṇo, esa aparacittaviduno vīmaṃsakassa bhikkhuno mama jānanapatho jānanamaggo. <span class="bld">Esa gocaro</span>ti eso ettako eva tassa mayi gocaro, na ito paraṃ. Tathā hi <span class="bld">brahmajālepi</span> (dī. ni. 1.7) bhagavatā ājīvaṭṭhamakasīlameva niddiṭṭhaṃ. <span class="bld">Etāpātho</span>ti ettakāpātho. Yo sīle patiṭṭhito ‘‘etaṃ mamā’’ti, ‘‘imināhaṃ sīlena devo vā bhavissāmi devaññataro vā’’ti taṇhāya parāmasanto, tassa <a name="V2.0282"></a> visesabhāgiyatāya, nibbedhabhāgiyatāya vā akāraṇena taṇhaṃ anativattanato so tammayo nāma. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘na tammayo na sataṇho’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sutassa uparūpari visesāvahabhāvena <span class="bld">uttaruttarañceva</span> tassa ca visesassa anukkamena paṇītatarabhāvato <span class="bld">paṇītatarañca katvā deseti. Savipakkhanti</span> pahātabbapahāyakabhāvena sappaṭipakkhaṃ. <span class="bld">Kaṇhaṃ paṭibāhitvā sukka</span>nti idaṃ dhammajātaṃ kaṇhaṃ nāma, imassa pahāyakaṃ idaṃ sukkaṃ nāmāti evaṃ kaṇhaṃ paṭibāhitvā sukkaṃ. <span class="bld">Sukkaṃ paṭibāhitvā kaṇha</span>nti etthāpi eseva nayo. Idha pana ‘‘iminā pahātabba’’nti vattabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Saussāha</span>nti sabyāpāraṃ. Kiriyamayacittānañhi anupacchinnāvijjātaṇhāmānādike santāne sabyāpāratā saussāhatā, savipākadhammatāti attho. <span class="bld">Tasmiṃ desite dhamme</span>ti tasmiṃ satthārā desite lokiyalokuttaradhamme. <span class="bld">Ekaccaṃ</span> ekadesabhūtaṃ maggaphalanibbānasaṅkhātaṃ <span class="bld">paṭivedhadhammaṃ abhiññāya</span> abhivisiṭṭhāya maggapaññāya jānitvā. <span class="bld">Paṭivedhadhammena maggena. Desanādhamme</span>ti desanāruḷhe pubbabhāgiye bodhipakkhiyadhamme <span class="bld">niṭṭhaṃ gacchati</span> – ‘‘addhā imāya <a name="M2.0304"></a> paṭipadāya jarāmaraṇato muccissāmī’’ti. Pubbe pothujjanikasaddhāyapi pasanno, tato <span class="bld">bhiyyosomattāya</span> aviparītadhammadesano <span class="bld">sammāsambuddho so bhagavāti satthari pasīdati. Niyyānikattā</span>ti vaṭṭadukkhato eva tato niyyānāvahattā. <span class="bld">Vaṅkādī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena aññaṃ asāmīcipariyāyaṃ sabbaṃ dosaṃ saṅgaṇhāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para490"></a><a name="para490_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">490</span>. <span class="bld">Imehi satthuvīmaṃsanakāraṇehī</span>ti ‘‘parisuddhakāyasamācāratādīhi ceva uttaruttaripaṇītapaṇītaaviparītadhammadesanāhi cā’’ti imehi yathāvuttehi satthuupaparikkhanakāraṇehi. <span class="bld">Akkharasampiṇḍanapadehī</span>ti tesaṃyeva kāraṇānaṃ sambodhanehi akkharasamudāyalakkhaṇehi padehi. <span class="bld">Idha vuttehi akkharehī</span>ti imasmiṃ sutte vuttehi yathāvuttassa atthassa abhibyañjanato byañjanasaññitehi akkharehi. <span class="bld">Okappanā</span>ti saddheyyavatthuṃ okkantitvā pasīdanato okappanalakkhaṇā. <span class="bld">Saddhāya mūlaṃ nāmā</span>ti aveccappasādabhūtāya saddhāya mūlaṃ nāma kāraṇanti saddahanassa kāraṇaṃ parisuddhakāyasamācārādikaṃ. <span class="bld">Thirā</span> paṭipakkhasamucchedena suppatiṭṭhitattā. <span class="bld">Harituṃ na sakkā</span>ti apanetuṃ asakkuṇeyyā. Itaresu samaṇabrāhmaṇadevesu vattabbameva natthīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘samitapāpasamaṇena vā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Buddhānaṃ <a name="V2.0283"></a> kesañci sāvakānañca vibādhanatthaṃ māro upagacchatī’’ti sutapubbattā <span class="bld">‘‘ayaṃ māro āgato’’</span>ti cintesi. Ānubhāvasampannena ariyasāvakena pucchitattā <span class="bld">musāvādaṃ kātuṃ nāsakkhi. Ete</span>ti yathāvutte samitapāpasamaṇādayo ṭhapetvā. <span class="bld">Sabhāvasamannesanā</span>ti yāthāvasamannesanā aviparītavīmaṃsā. <span class="bld">Sabhāvenevā</span>ti sabbhāveneva yathābhūtaguṇato eva. <span class="bld">Suṭṭhu</span> sammadeva. <span class="bld">Samannesito</span>ti upaparikkhito. Sesaṃ suviññeyyamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Vīmaṃsakasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.</p>
<p class="subhead">8. Kosambiyasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para491"></a><a name="para491_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">491</span>. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti <a name="V2.0284"></a> yasmā kosambarukkhavatī, tasmā nagaraṃ kosambītisaṅkhamagamāsi. Kusambassa vā isino nivāsabhūmi kosambī, tassāvidūre bhavattā nagaraṃ <span class="bld">kosambī</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ghositaseṭṭhinā</span> <a name="M2.0305"></a> <span class="bld">kārite ārāme</span>ti ettha ko ghositaseṭṭhi, kathañcānena ārāmo kāritoti antolīnāya codanāya vissajjane samudāgamato paṭṭhāya ghositaseṭṭhiṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘addilaraṭṭhaṃ nāma ahosī’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. <span class="bld">Kedāraparicchinna</span>nti tattha tattha kedārabhūmiyā paricchinnaṃ. <span class="bld">Gacchanto</span>ti kedārapāḷiyā gacchanto. <span class="bld">Pahūtapāyasa</span>nti pahūtataraṃ pāyasaṃ, taṃ pana garu siniddhaṃ antarāmagge appāhāratāya mandagahaṇiko samāno jīrāpetuṃ nāsakkhi. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘jīrāpetuṃ asakkonto’’</span>tiādi. Yasavati rūpavati <span class="bld">kulaghare nibbatti. Ghositaseṭṭhi nāma jāto</span>ti evamettha saṅkhepeneva ghositaseṭṭhivatthuṃ katheti, vitthāro pana <span class="bld">dhammapadavatthumhi</span> (dha. pa. aṭṭha. 1.sāmāvatīvatthu) vuttanayeneva veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upasaṃkappanavasenā</span>ti upasaṅkappananiyāmena. <span class="bld">Āhāraparikkhīṇakāyassā</span>ti āhāranimittaparikkhīṇakāyassa, āhārakkhayena parikkhīṇakāyassāti attho. <span class="bld">Suññāgāre</span>ti janavivitte phāsukaṭṭhāne.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kalahassa pubbabhāgo bhaṇḍanaṃ nāmā</span>ti kalahassa hetubhūtā paribhāsā taṃsadisī ca aniṭṭhakiriyā bhaṇḍanaṃ nāma. <span class="bld">Hatthaparāmāsādivasenā</span>ti kujjhitvā aññamaññassa hatthe gahetvā parāmasanaaccantabandhanādivasena. ‘‘Ayaṃ dhammo’’tiādinā viruddhavādabhūtaṃ āpannāti <span class="bld">vivādāpannā</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘viruddhabhūta’’</span>ntiādi. Mukhasannissitatāya vācā idha ‘‘mukha’’nti adhippetāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘mukhasattīhīti vācāsattīhī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Saññatti</span>nti saññāpanaṃ ‘‘ayaṃ dhammo, ayaṃ vinayo’’ti saññāpetabbataṃ. <span class="bld">Nijjhatti</span>nti yāthāvato tassa nijjhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> pana <span class="bld">‘‘saññattivevacanameveta’’</span>nti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sace hoti desessāmī</span>ti subbacatāya sikkhākāmatāya ca āpattiṃ passi. <span class="bld">Natthi te āpattī</span>ti <a name="V2.0285"></a> anāpattipakkhopi ettha sambhavatīti adhippāyenāha. Sā panāpatti eva. Tenāha – <span class="bld">‘‘tassā āpattiyā anāpattidiṭṭhi ahosī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para492"></a><a name="para492_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">492</span>. <span class="bld">Kalahabhaṇḍanavasenā</span>ti kalahabhaṇḍanassa nimittavasena. <span class="bld">Yathānusandhināva gata</span>nti kalahabhaṇḍanānaṃ sāraṇīyadhammapaṭipakkhattā tadupasamāvahā <a name="M2.0306"></a> heṭṭhādesanāya anurūpāva uparidesanāti yathānusandhināva uparisuttadesanā pavattā. <span class="bld">Saritabbayuttā</span>ti anussaraṇārahā. <span class="bld">Sabrahmacārīna</span>nti sahadhammikānaṃ. Piyaṃ piyāyitabbaṃ karontīti <span class="bld">piyakaraṇā</span>. Garuṃ garuṭṭhāniyaṃ karontīti <span class="bld">garukaraṇā. Saṅgahaṇatthāyā</span>ti saṅgahavatthuvisesabhāvato sabrahmacārīnaṃ saṅgaṇhanāya saṃvattantīti sambandho. <span class="bld">Avivādanatthāyā</span>ti saṅgahavatthubhāvato eva na vivādanāya. Sati ca avivādanahetubhūtasaṅgāhaṇatte tesaṃ vasena sabrahmacārīnaṃ samaggabhāvo bhedābhāvo siddhoyevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sāmaggiyā’’</span>tiādi. Mijjati siniyhati etāyāti mettā, mittabhāvo, mettā etassa atthīti <span class="bld">mettaṃ,</span> kāyakammaṃ. Taṃ pana yasmā mettāsahagatacittasamuṭṭhānaṃ, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘mettacittena kattabbaṃ kāyakamma’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Imāni</span> mettakāyakammādīni <span class="bld">bhikkhūnaṃ vasena āgatāni</span> pāṭhe bhikkhūhi paccupaṭṭhapetabbatāvacanato. <span class="bld">Bhikkhu</span>ggahaṇeneva cettha sesasahadhammikānampi gahaṇaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Bhikkhuno sabbampi anavajjakāyakammaṃ ābhisamācārikakammantogadhamevāti āha – <span class="bld">‘‘mettacittena…pe… kāyakammaṃ nāmā’’</span>ti. Vattavasena pavattiyamānā cetiyabodhīnaṃ vandanā mettāsadisīti katvā tadatthāya gamanaṃ mettaṃ kāyakammanti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena cetiyabodhibhikkhūsu vuttāvasesaapacāyanādiṃ mettāvasena pavattaṃ kāyikaṃ kiriyaṃ saṅgaṇhāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tepiṭakampi buddhavacanaṃ</span> kathiyamānanti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Tīṇi sucaritāni</span> kāyavacīmanosucaritāni. <span class="bld">Cintana</span>nti iminā evaṃ cintanamattampi mettaṃ manokammaṃ, pageva vidhipaṭipannā bhāvanāti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sahāyabhāvūpagamanaṃ</span> tesaṃ purato. Tesu karontesuyeva hi sahāyabhāvūpagamanaṃ <span class="bld">sammukhā kāyakammaṃ nāma</span> hoti. Kevalaṃ ‘‘devo’’ti avatvā guṇehi thirabhāvajotanaṃ <span class="bld">devatthero</span>ti vacanaṃ <span class="bld">paggayha vacanaṃ</span>. Mamattabodhanaṃ vacanaṃ <span class="bld">mamāyanavacanaṃ</span>. Ekantatirokkhakassa manokammassa sammukhatā nāma viññattisamuṭṭhāpanavaseneva hoti, tañca kho loke kāyakammanti pākaṭaṃ paññātaṃ hatthavikārādiṃ anāmasitvā eva <a name="M2.0307"></a> dassento <span class="bld">‘‘nayanāni ummīletvā’’</span>ti āha. Tathā hi vacībhedavasena pavatti na gahitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Laddhapaccayā <a name="V2.0286"></a> labbhantīti <span class="bld">lābhā,</span> parisuddhāgamanā paccayā. Na sammā gayhamānāpi na dhammaladdhā nāma na hontīti tappaṭisedhanatthaṃ pāḷiyaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘dhammaladdhā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Deyyaṃ dakkhiṇeyyañca appaṭivibhattaṃ katvā bhuñjatīti <span class="bld">appaṭivibhattabhogī</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘dve paṭivibhattāni nāmā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Cittena vibhajana</span>nti etena – ‘‘cittuppādamattenapi vibhajanaṃ paṭivibhattaṃ nāma, pageva payogato’’ti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭiggaṇhantova…pe… passatī</span>ti iminā āgamanato paṭṭhāya sādhāraṇabuddhiṃ upaṭṭhāpeti. Evaṃ hissa sādhāraṇabhogitā sukarā, sāraṇīyadhammo cassa supūro hoti. <span class="bld">Vatta</span>nti sāraṇīyadhammapūraṇavattaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dātabba</span>nti avassaṃ dātabbaṃ. Attano palibodhavasena sapalibodhasseva pūretuṃ asakkuṇeyyattā odissakadānampissa na sabbattha vāritanti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tena panā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Adātumpī</span>ti <span class="bld">pi</span>-saddena dussīlassapi atthikassa sati sambhave dātabbanti dasseti. Dānañhi nāma kassaci na nivāritaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mahāgirigāmo nāma</span> nāgadīpapasse eko gāmo. <span class="bld">Sāraṇīyadhammo me, bhante, pūrito…pe… pattagataṃ na khīyatī</span>ti āha tesaṃ kukkuccavinodanatthaṃ. Taṃ sutvā tepi therā ‘‘sāraṇīyadhammapūrako aya’’nti abbhaññaṃsu. Daharakāle eva kiresa sāraṇīyadhammapūrako ahosi, tassā ca paṭipattiyā avañjhabhāvavibhāvanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ete mayhaṃ pāpuṇissantī’’</span>ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ahaṃ sāraṇīyadhammapūrikā, mama pattapariyāpannenapi sabbāpimā bhikkhuniyo yāpessantīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘mā tumhe tesaṃ gatabhāvaṃ cintayitthā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sattasu āpattikkhandhesu ādimhi vā ante vā, vemajjhe</span>ti ca idaṃ uddesāgatapāḷivasena vuttaṃ. Na hi añño koci āpattikkhandhānaṃ anukkamo atthi. <span class="bld">Pariyante chinnasāṭako viyā</span>ti vatthante, dasante vā chinnavatthaṃ viya. <span class="bld">Khaṇḍa</span>nti khaṇḍavantaṃ, khaṇḍitaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Chidda</span>nti etthāpi eseva nayo<a name="M2.0308"></a>. Visabhāgavaṇṇena upaḍḍhaṃ, tatiyabhāgaṃ vā sambhinnavaṇṇaṃ <span class="bld">sabalaṃ,</span> visabhāgavaṇṇeheva pana bindūhi antarantarā vimissaṃ <span class="bld">kammāsaṃ,</span> ayaṃ imesaṃ viseso. <span class="bld">Taṇhādāsabyato mocana</span>vacaneneva tesaṃ sīlānaṃ vivaṭṭupanissayatamāha. <span class="bld">Bhujissabhāvakaraṇato</span>ti iminā bhujissakarāni bhujissānīti uttarapadalopenāyaṃ niddesoti dasseti. Aviññūnaṃ appamāṇatāya <a name="V2.0287"></a> <span class="bld">‘‘viññuppasatthānī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Taṇhādiṭṭhīhi aparāmaṭṭhattā</span>ti – ‘‘imināhaṃ sīlena devo vā bhavissāmi devaññataro vā’’ti taṇhāparāmāsena – ‘‘imināhaṃ sīlena devo hutvā tattha nicco dhuvo sassato bhavissāmī’’ti diṭṭhiparāmāsena ca aparāmaṭṭhattā. <span class="bld">Parāmaṭṭhu</span>nti codetuṃ. Sīlaṃ nāma avippaṭisārādipārampariyena yāvadeva samādhisampādanatthanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘samādhisaṃvattakānī’’</span>ti. Samānabhāvo sāmaññaṃ, paripuṇṇacatupārisuddhibhāvena majjhe bhinnasuvaṇṇassa viya bhedābhāvato sīlena sāmaññaṃ sīlasāmaññaṃ, taṃ gato upagatoti <span class="bld">sīlasāmaññagato</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘samānabhāvūpagatasīlo’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yāyaṃ diṭṭhī</span>ti yā ayaṃ diṭṭhi mayhañceva tumhākañca paccakkhabhūtā. Catusaccadassanaṭṭhena diṭṭhi, ‘‘sabbe saṅkhārā aniccā, sabbe saṅkhārā dukkhā, sabbe dhammā anattā’’ti, ‘‘sammāsambuddho bhagavā, svākhāto bhagavatā dhammo, suppaṭipanno saṅgho’’ti ca diṭṭhiyā sāmaññaṃ <span class="bld">samānadiṭṭhibhāvaṃ. Aggaṃ</span> itaresaṃ sāraṇīyadhammānaṃ padhānabhāvato. Etasmiṃ sati sukhasiddhito tesaṃ saṅgāhikaṃ, tato eva tesaṃ saṅghāṭanikaṃ gopānasiyo aparipatante katvā saṅgaṇhāti dhāretīti <span class="bld">saṅgāhikaṃ. Saṅghāṭa</span>nti aggabhāvena saṅghāṭabhāvaṃ. Saṅghāṭanaṃ etesaṃ atthīti <span class="bld">saṅghāṭanikaṃ,</span> saṅghāṭaniyanti vā pāṭho, saṅghāṭane niyuttanti vā saṅghāṭanikaṃ, ka-kārassa ya-kāraṃ katvā <span class="bld">saṅghāṭaniyaṃ</span>. Sāmaññato eva gahitattā napuṃsakaniddeso.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para493"></a><a name="para493_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">493</span>. Paṭhamamaggasammādiṭṭhipi evaṃsabhāvā, aññamaggasammādiṭṭhīsu vattabbameva natthīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yāyaṃ sotāpattimaggadiṭṭhī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ettāvatāpī</span>ti ettakenapi rāgādīsu ekekena pariyuṭṭhitacittatāyapi <span class="bld">pariyuṭṭhitacittoyeva nāma hoti,</span> pageva dvīhi, bahūhi vā pariyuṭṭhitacittatāya. <span class="bld">Sabbatthā</span>ti sabbesu aṭṭhasupi vāresu. <span class="bld">Suṭṭhu ṭhapita</span>nti yathā maggabhāvanā upari saccābhisambodho hoti, evaṃ sammā ṭhapitaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘saccānaṃ bodhāyā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Taṃ ñāṇa</span>nti <a name="M2.0309"></a> ‘‘natthi kho me taṃ pariyuṭṭhāna’’ntiādinā pavattaṃ paccavekkhaṇañāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Ariyānaṃ hotī</span>ti ariyānameva hoti. Tesañhi ekadesatopi pahīnaṃ vattabbataṃ arahati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘na puthujjanāna’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Ariyanti vuttaṃ</span> ‘‘ariyesu jāta’’nti katvā. Lokuttarahetukatāya <span class="bld">lokuttaranti vuttaṃ</span>. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘yesaṃ panā’’</span>tiādi. Tathā hissa puthujjanehi asādhāraṇatā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘puthujjanānaṃ pana abhāvato’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sabbavāresū</span>ti sabbesu itaresu chasu vāresu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para494"></a><a name="para494_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">494</span>. <span class="bld">Paccatta</span>nti pāṭiyekkaṃ attani mama citteyeva. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘attano citte’’</span>ti. ‘‘Paccattaṃ <a name="V2.0288"></a> attano citte nibbutiṃ kilesavūpasamaṃ labhāmī’’ti imamatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘eseva nayo’’</span>ti iminā atidisati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para495"></a><a name="para495_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">495</span>. <span class="bld">Tathārūpāya diṭṭhiyā</span>ti idaṃ ‘‘yathārūpāya diṭṭhiyā samannāgato’’ti imassa atthassa paccāmasananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tathārūpāya diṭṭhiyāti evarūpāya sotāpattimaggadiṭṭhiyā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para496"></a><a name="para496_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">496</span>. <span class="bld">Sabhāvenā</span>ti niyatapañcasikkhāpadatādisabhāvena. <span class="bld">Saṅghakammavasenā</span>ti mānattacariyādisaṅghakammavasena. <span class="bld">Daharo</span>ti bālo. <span class="bld">Kumāro</span>ti dārako. Yasmā daharo ‘‘kumāro’’ti ca ‘‘yuvā’’ti ca vuccati, tasmā <span class="bld">mando</span>ti vuttaṃ. Mandindriyatāya hi <span class="bld">mando</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘cakkhusotādīnaṃ mandatāyā’’</span>ti. Evampi yuvāvatthāpi keci mandindriyā hontīti tannivattanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘uttānaseyyako’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Yadi uttānaseyyako, kathamassa aṅgārakkamananti? Yathā tathā aṅgārassa phusanaṃ idha ‘‘akkamana’’nti adhippetanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ito cito cā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Manussāna</span>nti mahallakamanussānaṃ. <span class="bld">Na sīghaṃ hattho jhāyati</span> kathinahatthatāya. <span class="bld">Khippaṃ paṭisaṃharati</span> mudutaluṇasarīratāya. <span class="bld">Adhivāseti</span> kiñci payojanaṃ apekkhitvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para497"></a><a name="para497_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">497</span>. <span class="bld">Uccāvacānī</span>ti mahantāni ceva khuddakāni ca. <span class="bld">Tatthevā</span>ti sudhākammādimhiyeva. <span class="bld">Kasāvapacanaṃ</span> sudhādisaṅkharaṇatthaṃ, <span class="bld">udakānayanaṃ</span> dhovanādiatthaṃ, haliddivaṇṇadhātulepanatthaṃ <span class="bld">kucchakaraṇaṃ. Bahalapatthano</span>ti daḷhachando. <span class="bld">Vacchaka</span>nti nibbattadhenupagavacchaṃ. <span class="bld">Apacinātī</span>ti apavindati, āloketīti <a name="M2.0310"></a> attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘apaloketī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tanninno hotī</span>ti adhisīlasikkhādininnova hoti uccāvacānampi kiṃkaraṇīyānaṃ cārittasīlassa pūraṇavaseneva karaṇato, yonisomanasikāravaseneva ca tesaṃ paṭipajjanato. <span class="bld">Therassa santike aṭṭhāsi</span> yonisomanasikārābhāvato ‘‘taṃ taṃ samullapissāmī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para498"></a><a name="para498_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">498</span>. Balaṃ eva <span class="bld">balatā</span>ti āha <span class="bld">‘‘balena samannāgato’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Atthikabhāvaṃ katvā</span>ti tena dhammena savisesaṃ atthikabhāvaṃ uppādetvā. <span class="bld">Sakalacittenā</span>ti desanāyaādimhi majjhe pariyosāneti sabbattheva pavattatāya sakalena anavasesena cittena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para500"></a><a name="para500_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">500</span>. <span class="bld">Sabhāvo</span>ti ariyasāvakassa puthujjanehi asādhāraṇatāya āveṇiko sabhāvo. <span class="bld">Suṭṭhu samannesito</span>ti sammadeva upaparikkhito. <span class="bld">Sotāpattiphalasacchikiriyāyā</span>ti sotāpattiphalassa sacchikaraṇena, sacchikatabhāvenāti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sotāpattiphalasacchikatañāṇenā’’</span>ti. Paṭhamamaggaphalassa <a name="V2.0289"></a> paccavekkhaṇañāṇavisesā hete pavattiākārabhinnā. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘sattahi mahāpaccavekkhaṇañāṇehī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ tāva ācariyānaṃ samānakathā</span>ti ‘‘idamassa paṭhamaṃ ñāṇa’’ntiādinā vuttāni paccavekkhaṇañāṇāni, na maggañāṇānīti evaṃ pavattā paramparāgatā pubbācariyānaṃ samānā sādhāraṇā imissā pāḷiyā <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathā</span> atthavaṇṇanā. Tattha kāraṇamāha <span class="bld">‘‘lokuttaramaggo hi bahucittakkhaṇiko nāma natthī’’</span>ti. Yadi so bahucittakkhaṇiko siyā nānābhisamayo, tathā sati saṃyojanattayādīnaṃ ekadesappahānaṃ pāpuṇātīti ariyamaggassa anantaraphalattā ekadesasotāpannatādibhāvo āpajjati, phalānaṃ vā anekabhāvo, sabbametaṃ ayuttanti tasmā ekacittakkhaṇikova ariyamaggo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yaṃ pana suttapadaṃ nissāya vitaṇḍavādī ariyamaggassa ekacittakkhaṇikataṃ paṭikkhipati, taṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘satta vassānīti hi vacanato’’</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Kilesā pana lahu…pe… chijjantī</span>ti vadantena hi khippaṃ tāva kilesappahānaṃ, dandhapavattikā maggabhāvanāti paṭiññātaṃ hoti. Tattha sace maggassa bhāvanāya āraddhamattāya kilesā pahīyanti, sesā maggabhāvanā niratthakā siyā, atha pacchā kilesappahānaṃ, kilesā pana lahu <a name="M2.0311"></a> chijjantīti idaṃ micchā, ‘‘sotāpattiphalasacchikiriyāyā’’ti vakkhatīti. <span class="bld">Tato</span> suttapaṭijānanato. <span class="bld">Maggaṃ abhāvetvā</span>ti ariyamaggaṃ paripuṇṇaṃ katvā abhāvetvā. <span class="bld">Attharasaṃ viditvā</span>ti suttassa aviparīto attho eva attharaso, taṃ yāthāvato ñatvā. Evaṃ vitaṇḍavādivādaṃ bhinditvā vuttamevatthaṃ nigametuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘imāni satta ñāṇānī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Sesaṃ suviññeyyameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Kosambiyasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.</p>
<p class="subhead">9. Brahmanimantanikasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para501"></a><a name="para501_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">501</span>. ‘‘Sassato <a name="V2.0290"></a> attā ca loko cā’’ti (dī. ni. 1.30) evaṃ pavattā diṭṭhi <span class="bld">sassatadiṭṭhi</span> (saṃ. ni. ṭī. 1.1.175). <span class="bld">Saha kāyenā</span>ti saha tena brahmattabhāvena. <span class="bld">Brahmaṭṭhāna</span>nti attano brahmavatthuṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Aniccaṃ nicca’’nti vadati</span> aniccatāya attano apaññāyamānattā. <span class="bld">Thira</span>nti daḷhaṃ, vināsābhāvato sārabhūtanti attho. Uppādavipariṇāmābhāvato <span class="bld">sadā vijjamānaṃ. Kevala</span>nti paripuṇṇaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘akhaṇḍa’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Kevala</span>nti vā jātiādīhi amissaṃ, virahitanti adhippāyo. Uppādādīnaṃ abhāvato eva <span class="bld">acavanadhammaṃ. Koci jāyanako vā…pe… upapajjanako vā natthi</span> niccabhāvato. Ṭhānena saddhiṃ tannivāsīnaṃ niccabhāvañhi so paṭijānāti. <span class="bld">Tisso jhānabhūmiyo</span>ti dutiyatatiyacatutthajjhānabhūmiyo. Catutthajjhānabhūmivisesā hi asaññasuddhāvāsāruppabhavā. <span class="bld">Paṭibāhatī</span>ti santaṃyeva samānaṃ ajānantova natthīti paṭikkhipati. <span class="bld">Avijjāya gato</span>ti avijjāya saha gato pavatto. Sahayoge hi idaṃ karaṇavacanaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘samannāgato’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Aññāṇī</span>ti avidvā. Paññācakkhuvirahato andho bhūto, andhabhāvaṃ vā pattoti <span class="bld">andhībhūto</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para502"></a><a name="para502_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">502</span>. Tadā bhagavato subhagavane viharaṇassa avicchinnataṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘subhagavane viharatīti ñatvā’’</span>ti. Tattha pana tadāssa bhagavato adassanaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘kattha nu kho gatoti olokento’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Brahmalokaṃ gacchantaṃ disvā</span>ti iminā katipayacittavāravasena tadā bhagavato <a name="M2.0312"></a> brahmalokagamanaṃ jātaṃ, na ekacittakkhaṇenāti dasseti. Na cettha kāyagatiyā cittapariṇāmanaṃ adhippetaṃ – ‘‘seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyyā’’tiādivacanato (ma. ni. 1.501). Yaṃ panettha vattabbaṃ, taṃ heṭṭhā vuttameva. <span class="bld">Vichanda</span>nti chandavigamaṃ. <span class="bld">Apasādito</span>ti diṭṭhiyā gāhassa viparivattanena santajjito. ‘‘Metamāsado’’ti vacanena <span class="bld">upatthambho hutvā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anvāvisitvā</span>ti āvisanavasena tassa attabhāvaṃ adhibhavitvā. Tathā abhibhavato hi tassa sarīraṃ paviṭṭho viya hotīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sarīraṃ pavisitvā’’</span>ti. Yañhi sattaṃ devayakkhanāgādayo āvisanti, tassa pākatikakiriyamayaṃ cittappavattiṃ nivāretvā attano iddhānubhāvena yaṃ icchitaṃ hasitalapitādi, taṃ tena kārāpenti, kārentā ca āviṭṭhapuggalassa cittavasena <a name="V2.0291"></a> kārenti. ‘‘Attanovā’’ti na vattabbametaṃ acinteyyattā kammajassa iddhānubhāvassāti keci. Apare pana yathā tadā cakkhuviññāṇādipavatti āviṭṭhapuggalasseva, evaṃ kiriyamayacittapavattipi tasseva, āvesakānubhāvena pana sāmaññatā parivattati. Tathā hi mahānubhāvaṃ puggalaṃ te āvisituṃ na sakkonti, tikicchāvuṭṭhāpane pana chavasarīraṃ anupavisitvā satantaṃ karoti vijjānubhāvena. Korakhattiyādīnaṃ pana chavasarīrassa uṭṭhānaṃ vacīnicchāraṇañca kevalaṃ buddhānubhāvena. Acinteyyā hi buddhānaṃ buddhānubhāvāti. <span class="bld">Abhibhavitvā ṭhito</span>ti sakalalokaṃ attano ānubhāvena abhibhavitvā ṭhito. <span class="bld">Jeṭṭhako</span>ti padhāno, tādisaṃ vā ānubhāvasampannattā uttamo. Passatīti <span class="bld">daso</span>. Visesavacanicchāya abhāvato anavasesavisayo daso-saddoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbaṃ passatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sabbajana</span>nti laddhanāmaṃ sabbasattakāyaṃ. <span class="bld">Vase vatteti,</span> seṭṭhattā nimmāpakattā ca attano vase vatteti. Lokassa īsanasīlatāya <span class="bld">issaro</span>. Sattānaṃ kammassa kārakabhāvena <span class="bld">kattā</span>. Thāvarajaṅgamavibhāgaṃ sakalaṃ lokaṃ nimmānetīti <span class="bld">nimmātā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Guṇavisesena loke pāsaṃsattā <span class="bld">seṭṭho</span>. Tādiso ca ukkaṭṭhatamo hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘uttamo’’</span>ti. Sattānaṃ nimmānaṃ tathā tathā sajanaṃ visajanaṃ viya hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tvaṃ khattiyo’’</span>tiādi. Jhānādīsu attano citte ca ciṇṇavasittā <span class="bld">vasī. Bhūtāna</span>nti nibbattānaṃ. Bhavaṃ abhijātaṃ <a name="M2.0313"></a> arahantīti bhabyā, sambhavesino, tesaṃ <span class="bld">bhabyānaṃ</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘aṇḍajajalābujā sattā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pathavīādayo niccā dhuvā sassatā. Ye tesaṃ ‘‘aniccā’’tiādinā garahakā jigucchā sattā, te ayathābhūtavāditāya matakāle apāyaniṭṭhā ahesuṃ. Ye pana pathavīādīnaṃ ‘‘niccā dhuvā’’tiādinā pasaṃsakā, te yathābhūtavāditāya brahmakāyūpagā ahesunti māro pāpimā anvayato byatirekato ca pathavīādimukhena saṅkhārānaṃ pariññāpaññāpane ādīnavaṃ vibhāveti tato vivecetukāmo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘pathavīgarahakā’’</span>tiādi. Ettha ca māro pathavīādidhātumahābhūtaggahaṇena manussalokaṃ, bhūtaggahaṇena cātumahārājike, devaggahaṇena avasesakāmadevalokaṃ, pajāpatiggahaṇena attano ṭhānaṃ, brahmaggahaṇena brahmakāyike gaṇhi. Ābhassarādayo pana avisayatāya eva anena aggahitāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Taṇhādiṭṭhivasenā</span>ti taṇhābhinandanāya diṭṭhābhinandanāya ca vasena. ‘‘Etaṃ mama, eso me attā’’ti <span class="bld">abhinandino</span> abhinandakā, abhinandanasīlā vā. <span class="bld">Brahmuno ovāde ṭhitānaṃ iddhānubhāvaṃ dassetī</span>ti tesaṃ tattha sannipatitabrahmānaṃ iddhānubhāvaṃ tassa mahābrahmuno ovāde ṭhitattā nibbattaṃ katvā dasseti. <span class="bld">Yasenā</span>ti <a name="V2.0292"></a> ānubhāvena. <span class="bld">Siriyā</span>ti sobhāya. <span class="bld">Maṃ brahmaparisaṃ upanesī</span>ti yādisā brahmaparisā issariyādisampattiyā, tattha maṃ uyyojesi. <span class="bld">Mahājanassa māraṇato</span>ti mahājanassa vivaṭṭūpanissayaguṇavināsanena ānubhāvena māraṇato. <span class="bld">Ayasa</span>nti yasapaṭipakkhaṃ akittikammānubhāvañcāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para503"></a><a name="para503_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">503</span>. <span class="bld">Kasiṇaṃ āyu</span>nti vassasataṃ sandhāya vadati. Upanissāya setīti upasayo, upasayova <span class="bld">opasāyiko</span> yathā ‘‘venayiko’’ti (ma. ni. 1.246; a. ni. 8.11; pārā. 8) āha <span class="bld">‘‘samīpasayo’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Saya</span>ggahaṇañcettha nidassanamattanti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘maṃ gacchanta’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Anekatthattā dhātūnaṃ vattanattho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Mama vatthusmiṃ sayanako</span>ti mayhaṃ ṭhāne visaye vattanako. <span class="bld">Bāhitvā</span>ti nīcaṃ katvā, abhibhavitvā vā. <span class="bld">Jajjharikāgumbato</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">jajjharikā</span> nāma pathaviṃ pattharitvā jātā ekā gacchajāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Iminā</span>ti <a name="M2.0314"></a> ‘‘sace kho tvaṃ bhikkhū’’tiādivacanena. <span class="bld">Esa</span> brahmā. <span class="bld">Upalāpetī</span>ti saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Apasādetī</span>ti niggaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Sesapadehī</span>ti vatthusāyiko yathākāmakaraṇīyo bāhiteyyoti imehi padehi. <span class="bld">Mayhaṃ ārakkhaṃ gaṇhissasī</span>ti mama ārakkhako bhavissasi. <span class="bld">Lakuṇḍakatara</span>nti nīcataraṃ nihīnavuttisarīraṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Phusitumpi samatthaṃ kiñci na passati,</span> pageva ñāṇavibhavanti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Nipphatti</span>nti nipphajjanaṃ, phalanti attho. Tañhi kāraṇavasena gantabbato adhigantabbato <span class="bld">gatī</span>ti vuccati. <span class="bld">Ānubhāva</span>nti pabhāvaṃ. So hi jotanaṭṭhena virocanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">jutī</span>ti vuccati. Mahatā ānubhāvena paresaṃ abhibhavanato mahesoti akkhāyatīti <span class="bld">mahesakkho</span>. Tayidaṃ abhibhavanaṃ kittisampattiyā parivārasampattiyā cāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘mahāyaso mahāparivāro’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pariharantī</span>ti sineruṃ dakkhiṇato katvā parivattanti. <span class="bld">Disā</span>ti bhummatthe etaṃ paccattavacananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘disāsu virocamānā’’</span>ti. Attano jutiyā dibbamānāya vā. <span class="bld">Tehī</span>ti candimasūriyehi. <span class="bld">Tattakena pamāṇenā</span>ti yattake candimasūriyehi obhāsiyamāno lokadhātusaṅkhāto eko loko, tattakena pamāṇena. Idaṃ cakkavāḷaṃ buddhānaṃ uppattiṭṭhānabhūtaṃ seṭṭhaṃ uttamaṃ padhānaṃ, tasmā yebhuyyena etthupapannā devatā aññesu cakkavāḷesu devatā abhibhuyya vattanti. Tathā hi brahmā sahampati dasasahassabrahmaparivāro bhagavato santikaṃ upagañchi. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ettha cakkavāḷasahasse tuyhaṃ vaso vattatī’’</span>ti. Idāni <span class="bld">‘‘ettha te vattate vaso’’</span>ti vuttaṃ vase vattanaṃ sarūpato <a name="V2.0293"></a> dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘paroparañca jānāsī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha paṭhamagāthāyaṃ vuttaṃ <span class="bld">ettha</span>-saddaṃ ānetvā attho veditabboti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘ettha cakkavāḷasahasse’’</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Uccanīce</span>ti jātikularūpabhogaparivārādivasena uḷāre ca anuḷāre ca. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ iddho</span> <span class="bld">ayaṃ pakatimanusso</span>ti iminā ‘‘sarūpato evassa sattānaṃ paroparajānanaṃ, na samudāgamato’’ti dasseti. Yaṃ pana vakkhati <span class="bld">‘‘sattānaṃ āgatiṃ gati</span>nti, taṃ kāmaloke sattānaṃ ādānanikkhepajānanamattaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ, na kammavipākajānanaṃ. Yadi hi samudāgamato jāneyya, attanopi jāneyya, na cassa taṃ atthīti, tathā āha <span class="bld">‘‘itthambhāvoti</span> <a name="M2.0315"></a> <span class="bld">idaṃ cakkavāḷa’’</span>ntiādi. Rāgayogato rāgo etassa atthīti vā rāgo, virajjanasīlo virāgī, <span class="bld">taṃ rāgavirāginaṃ. Sahassibrahmā nāma tvaṃ</span> cūḷaniyā eva lokadhātuyā jānanato. <span class="bld">Tayā</span>ti nissakke karaṇavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Catuhatthāyā</span>ti anekahatthena sāṇipākārena kātabbapaṭappamāṇaṃ dīghato catuhatthāya, vitthārato dvihatthāya pilotikāya kātuṃ vāyamanto viya gopphake udake nimujjitukāmo viya ca pamāṇaṃ ajānanto vihaññatīti niggaṇhāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para504"></a><a name="para504_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">504</span>. <span class="bld">Taṃ kāya</span>nti tadeva nikāyaṃ. <span class="bld">Jānitabbaṭṭhānaṃ patvāpī</span>ti anaññasādhāraṇā mayhaṃ sīlādayo guṇavisesā tāva tiṭṭhantu, īdisaṃ lokiyaṃ parittakaṃ jānitabbaṭṭhānampi patvā. Ayaṃ imesaṃ atisayena nīcoti nīceyyo, tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">nīceyya</span>nti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tayā nīcatarabhāvo pana mayhaṃ kuto’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Heṭṭhūpapattiko</span>ti uparūparito cavitvā heṭṭhā laddhūpapattiko. Evaṃ saṅkhepato vuttamatthaṃ vitthārato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘anuppanne buddhuppāde’’</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Heṭṭhūpapattikaṃ katvā</span>ti heṭṭhūpapattikaṃ patthanaṃ katvā. Yathā kenaci bahūsu ānantariyesu katesu yaṃ tattha garutaraṃ balavaṃ, tadeva paṭisandhiṃ deti, itarāni pana tassa anubalappadāyakāni honti, na paṭisandhidāyakāni, evaṃ catūsu rūpajjhānesu bhāvitesu yaṃ tattha garutaraṃ chandapaṇidhiadhimokkhādivasena sābhisaṅkhārañca, tadeva ca paṭisandhiṃ deti, itarāni pana aladdhokāsatāya tassa anubalappadāyakāni honti, na paṭisandhidāyakāni, tannibbattitajjhāneneva āyatiṃ punabbhavābhinibbatti hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tatiyajjhānaṃ paṇītaṃ bhāvetvā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti subhakiṇhabrahmaloke. Puna <span class="bld">tatthā</span>ti ābhassarabrahmaloke. <span class="bld">Paṭhamakāle</span>ti tasmiṃ bhave paṭhamasmiṃ kāle. <span class="bld">Ubhaya</span>nti atītaṃ attano nibbattaṭṭhānaṃ, tattha nibbattiyā hetubhūtaṃ attano katakammanti ubhayaṃ. <span class="bld">Pamussitvā</span> kālassa ciratarabhāvato. <span class="bld">Vītināmeti paṭipajjantī</span>ti ca tadā tassā kiriyāya pavattikkhaṇaṃ upādāya pavattamānapayogo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Apāyesī</span>ti <a name="V2.0294"></a> pāyesi. <span class="bld">Pipāsite</span>ti tasite. <span class="bld">Ghammanī</span>ti ghammakāle. <span class="bld">Samparete</span>ti ghammapariḷāhena pipāsāya abhibhūte. Nti pānīyadānaṃ. <span class="bld">Vatasīlavatta</span>nti samādānavasena vatabhūtaṃ cārittasīlabhāvena samāciṇṇattā <a name="M2.0316"></a> sīlavattaṃ. <span class="bld">Suttappabuddhova anussarāmī</span>ti supitvā pabuddhamatto viya supinaṃ tava pubbanivutthaṃ mama pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇena anussarāmi, sabbaññutaññāṇena viya paccakkhato passāmīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Karamare</span>ti vilumpitvā ānīte. <span class="bld">Kammasajja</span>nti yuddhasajjaṃ, āvudhādāyininti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Eṇīkūlasmi</span>nti eṇīmigabāhullena ‘‘eṇīkūla’’nti saṅkhaṃ gate gaṅgāya tīrappadese. <span class="bld">Gayhaka nīyamāna</span>nti gayhavasena karamarabhāvena corehi attano ṭhānaṃ nīyamānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Āvāhavivāhavasena <span class="bld">mittasanthavaṃ katvā</span>. ‘‘Evaṃ amhesu kīḷantesu gaṅgeyyako nāgo kupito’’ti <span class="bld">mayi saññampi na karontī</span>ti. <span class="bld">Susukāra</span>nti susūti pavattaṃ bheravanāganissāsaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gahītanāva</span>nti viheṭhetukāmatāya gatinivāraṇavasena gahitaṃ niggahitaṃ nāvaṃ. <span class="bld">Luddenā</span>ti kurūrena. <span class="bld">Manussakappā</span>ti nāvāgatānaṃ manussānaṃ viheṭhetukāmatāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Baddhacaro</span>ti paṭibaddhacariyo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘antevāsiko’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Taṃ nissāyevā</span>ti raññā upaṭṭhiyamānopi rājānaṃ pahāya taṃ kappaṃ antevāsiṃ nissāyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sambuddhimantaṃ vatinaṃ amaññī</span>ti ayaṃ sammadeva buddhimā vatasampannoti amaññi sambhāvesi ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nānattabhāvesū</span>ti nānā visuṃ visuṃ attabhāvesu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Addhā</span>ti ekaṃsena. <span class="bld">Mametamāyu</span>nti mayhaṃ etaṃ yathāvuttaṃ tattha tattha bhave pavattaṃ āyuṃ. Na kevalaṃ mama āyumeva, atha kho <span class="bld">aññampi</span> sabbaññeyyaṃ <span class="bld">jānāsi,</span> na tuyhaṃ aviditaṃ nāma atthi. <span class="bld">Tathā hi buddho</span> sammāsambuddho tuvaṃ. No ce kathamayamattho ñāto? <span class="bld">Tathā hi</span> sammāsambuddhattā <span class="bld">eva te ayaṃ jalito</span> jotamāno <span class="bld">ānubhāvo obhāsayaṃ</span> sabbampi <span class="bld">brahmalokaṃ</span> obhāsento dibbamāno <span class="bld">tiṭṭhatī</span>ti satthu asamasamataṃ pavedesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pathavattenā</span>ti <a name="M2.0317"></a><a name="V2.0295"></a> pathavīattena. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘pathavīsabhāvenā’’</span>ti. Ettha ca yasmā – ‘‘sabbasaṅkhārasamathoti’’ādinā (mahāva. 7; dī. ni. 2.64, 67; ma. ni. 1.281; saṃ. ni. 1.172) sādhāraṇato, ‘‘yattha neva pathavī’’ti asādhāraṇato ca pathaviyā asabhāvena nibbānassa gahetabbatā atthi, taṃ nivattetvā pathaviyā anaññasādhāraṇaṃ sabhāvaṃ gahetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pathaviyā pathavattenā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Nāpahosi</span>nti na pāpuṇiṃ. Idha pathaviyā pāpuṇanaṃ nāma ‘‘etaṃ mamā’’tiādinā gahaṇanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘taṇhādiṭṭhimānaggāhehi na gaṇhi’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vāditāyā</span>ti vādasīlatāya. <span class="bld">Sabbanti akkharaṃ niddisitvā</span>ti ‘‘sabbaṃ kho ahaṃ brahme’’tiādinā bhagavatā vuttaṃ sabba-saddaṃ – ‘‘sace kho te mārisa sabbassa sabbattena ananubhūta’’nti paccanubhāsanavasena niddisitvā. <span class="bld">Akkhare dosaṃ gaṇhanto</span>ti bhagavatā sakkāyasabbaṃ sandhāya sabba-sadde gahite sabbasabbavasena tadatthaparivattanena sabba-saddavacanīyatāsāmaññena ca dosaṃ gaṇhanto. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘satthā panā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha yadi sabbaṃ ananubhūtaṃ ‘‘natthi sabba’’nti loke anavasesaṃ pucchati. Sace sabbassa sabbattena anavasesasabhāvena ananubhūtaṃ appattaṃ, taṃ gaganakusumaṃ viya kiñci na siyā. <span class="bld">Athassa ananubhūtaṃ atthī</span>ti assa sabbattena ananubhūtaṃ yadi atthi, ‘‘sabba’’nti idaṃ vacanaṃ micchā, sabbaṃ nāma taṃ na hotīti adhippāyo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘mā heva te rittakamevā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ahaṃ sabbañca vakkhāmi, ananubhūtañca vakkhāmī</span>ti ahaṃ ‘‘sabba’’nti ca vakkhāmi, ‘‘ananubhūta’’nti ca vakkhāmi, ettha ko dosoti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Kāraṇaṃ āharanto</span>ti sabbassa sabbattena ananubhūtassa atthibhāve kāraṇaṃ niddisanto. <span class="bld">Vijānitabba</span>nti maggaphalapaccavekkhaṇañāṇehi visesato sabbasaṅkhatavisiṭṭhatāya jānitabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Anidassana</span>nti idaṃ nibbānassa sanidassanaduke dutiyapadasahitatādassananti adhippāyena <span class="bld">‘‘cakkhuviññāṇassa āpāthaṃ anupagamanato anidassanaṃ nāmā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Sabbasaṅkhatavidhuratāya vā natthi etassa nidassananti <span class="bld">anidassanaṃ</span>. Natthi etassa antoti <span class="bld">anantaṃ</span>. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tayida’’</span>ntiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhūtānī</span>ti paccayasambhūtāni. <span class="bld">Asambhūta</span>nti paccayehi asambhūtaṃ, nibbānanti attho. Apabhassarabhāvahetūnaṃ sabbaso abhāvā sabbato <a name="M2.0318"></a> pabhāti <span class="bld">sabbatopabhaṃ</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘nibbānato hī’’</span>tiādi. Tathā hi vuttaṃ – ‘‘tamo tattha na vijjatī’’ti. (Netti. 104) <span class="bld">pabhūtamevā</span>ti pakaṭṭhabhāvena ukkaṭṭhabhāvena vijjamānameva. Arūpībhāvena adesikattā sabbato pabhavati vijjatīti <span class="bld">sabbatopabhaṃ</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘puratthimadisādīsū’’</span>tiādi. Pavisanti etthāti pavisaṃ, tadeva <a name="V2.0296"></a> sa-kārassa bha-kāraṃ, vi-kārassa ca lopaṃ katvā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pabha’’</span>nti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘titthassa nāma’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Vādaṃ patiṭṭhapesī</span>ti evaṃ mayā sabbañca vuttaṃ, ananubhūtañca vuttaṃ, tattha yaṃ tayā adhippāyaṃ ajānantena sahasā appaṭisaṅkhāya dosaggahaṇaṃ, taṃ micchāti brahmānaṃ niggaṇhanto bhagavā attano vādaṃ patiṭṭhapesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gahitagahita</span>nti ‘‘idaṃ nicca’’ntiādinā gahitagahitaṃ gāhaṃ. Tattha tattha dosadassanamukhena niggaṇhantena <span class="bld">satthārā vissajjāpito kiñci gahetabbaṃ</span> attano paṭisaraṇaṃ <span class="bld">adisvā</span> parājayaṃ paṭicchādetuṃ <span class="bld">laḷitakaṃ</span> <span class="bld">kātukāmo</span> vādaṃ pahāya iddhiyā pāṭihāriyalīḷaṃ dassetukāmo. <span class="bld">Yadi sakkosi mayhaṃ antaradhāyituṃ,</span> na pana sakkhissasīti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Mūlapaṭisandhiṃ gantukāmo</span>ti attano pākatikena attabhāvena ṭhātukāmo. So hi paṭisandhikāle nibbattasadisatāya mūlapaṭisandhīti vutto. <span class="bld">Aññesa</span>nti heṭṭhā aññakāyikānaṃ brahmūnaṃ. <span class="bld">Na adāsi</span> abhisaṅkhatakāyenevāyaṃ tiṭṭhatu, na pākatikarūpenāti cittaṃ uppādesi. Tena so abhisaṅkhatakāyaṃ apanetuṃ avisahanto attabhāvapaṭicchādakaṃ andhakāraṃ nimminituṃ ārabhi. Satthā taṃ tamaṃ viddhaṃseti. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘mūlapaṭisandhiṃ vā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhavevāha</span>nti bhave eva ahaṃ. Ayañca eva-saddo aṭṭhānapayuttoti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘ahaṃ bhave bhayaṃ disvāyevā’’</span>ti, sabbasmiṃ bhave jātiādibhayaṃ ñāṇacakkhunā yāthāvato disvā. <span class="bld">Sattabhava</span>nti sattasaṅkhātaṃ bhavaṃ. Kammabhavapaccaye hi upapattibhave sattasamaññā. <span class="bld">Vibhava</span>nti vimuttiṃ. Pariyesamānampi upāyassa anadhigatattā <span class="bld">bhaveyeva disvā</span>. <span class="bld">Bhavañca vibhavesinaṃ</span> vibhavaṃ nibbutiṃ esamānānaṃ sattānaṃ bhavaṃ, bhavesu uppattiñca disvāti evaṃ vā ettha attho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Na abhivadi</span>nti ‘‘aho vata sukha’’nti evaṃ abhivadāpanākārābhāvato na abhinivisiṃ, lakkhaṇavacanametaṃ. Gāhattho eva vā abhivāda-saddoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘nābhivadi’’</span>nti, <span class="bld">‘‘na</span> <a name="M2.0319"></a> <span class="bld">gavesi’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Bhava</span>ggahaṇenettha dukkhasaccaṃ, <span class="bld">nandī</span>gahaṇena samudayasaccaṃ, <span class="bld">vibhava</span>ggahaṇena nirodhasaccaṃ, <span class="bld">nandiñca na upādiyinti</span> iminā maggasaccaṃ pakāsitanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘iti cattāri saccāni pakāsento’’</span>ti. Tadidaṃ catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ gāthāya vibhāvanadassanaṃ. Satthā pana tesaṃ brahmūnaṃ ajjhāsayānurūpaṃ saccāni vitthārato pakāsento vipassanaṃ pāpetvā arahattena desanāya kūṭaṃ gaṇhi. Te ca brahmāno keci sotāpattiphale, keci sakadāgāmiphale, keci anāgāmiphale, keci arahatte ca patiṭṭhahiṃsu. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘saccāni pakāsento satthā dhammaṃ desesī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Acchariyajātā</span>ti sañjātacchariyā. <span class="bld">Samūlaṃ bhava</span>nti taṇhāvijjāhi samūlaṃ bhavaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para505"></a><a name="para505_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">505</span>. <span class="bld">Mama</span> <a name="V2.0297"></a> <span class="bld">vasaṃ ativattitānī</span>ti sabbaso kāmadhātusamatikkamanapaṭipadāya mayhaṃ visayaṃ atikkamitāni. Kathaṃ panāyaṃ tesaṃ ariyabhūmisamokkamanaṃ jānātīti? Nayaggāhato – ‘‘samaṇo gotamo dhammaṃ desento saṃsāre ādīnavaṃ, nibbāne ca ānisaṃsaṃ pakāsento veneyyajanaṃ nibbānaṃ diṭṭhameva karoti, tassa desanā avañjhā amoghā indena vissaṭṭhavajirasadisā, tassa ca āṇāya ṭhitā saṃsāre na dissantevā’’ti nayaggāhena anumānena jānāti. <span class="bld">Sace tvaṃ evaṃ anubuddho</span>ti yathā tvaṃ paresaṃ saccābhisambodhaṃ vadati, evaṃ tvaṃ attano anurūpato sayambhuñāṇena buddho dhammaṃ paṭivijjhitvā ṭhito. <span class="bld">Taṃ dhammaṃ mā upanayasī</span>ti tayā paṭividdhadhammaṃ mā sāvakapaṭivedhaṃ pāpesi. <span class="bld">Ida</span>nti idaṃ anantaraṃ vuttaṃ brahmaloke patiṭṭhānaṃyeva sandhāya māro vadati, te dassento <span class="bld">‘‘anuppanne hī’’</span>tiādimāha. Apāyapatiṭṭhānaṃ pana ājīvakanigaṇṭhādipabbajjaṃ upagate titthakare, ye keci vā pabbajitvā micchāpaṭipanne jane sandhāya vadati. <span class="bld">Anuppanne</span>ti asañjāte, appatteti attho. <span class="bld">Anullapanatāyā</span>ti yathā māro upari kiñci uttaraṃ lapituṃ na sakkoti, evaṃ tathā uttarabhāsanena. <span class="bld">Nimantanavacanenā</span>ti viññāpanavacanena. Brahmaṃ seṭṭhaṃ nimantanaṃ, brahmuno vā nimantanaṃ ettha atthīti <span class="bld">brahmanimantanikaṃ,</span> suttaṃ. Yaṃ panettha atthato avibhattaṃ, taṃ suviññeyyameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Brahmanimantanikasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.</p>
<p class="subhead">10. Māratajjanīyasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para506"></a><a name="para506_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">506</span>. <span class="bld">Koṭṭhamanupaviṭṭho</span>ti <a name="M2.0320"></a><a name="V2.0298"></a> āsayo vaccaguttaṭṭhānatāya koṭṭhaṃ, tassa abbhantarañhettha koṭṭhaṃ. Anurūpo hutvā paviṭṭho anupaviṭṭho. Sukhumañhi tadanucchavikaṃ attabhāvaṃ māpetvā ayaṃ tattha paviṭṭho. <span class="bld">Garugaro viyā</span>ti garukagaruko viya. U-kārassa hi o-kāraṃ katvā ayaṃ niddeso, ativiya garuko maññeti attho. Garugaru viya icceva vā pāṭho. Māsabhattaṃ māso uttarapadalopena, māsabhattena ācitaṃ pūritaṃ <span class="bld">māsācitaṃ maññe</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘māsabhattaṃ bhuttassa kucchi viyā’’</span>ti. Uttarapadalopena vinā atthaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘māsapūritapasibbako viyā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Tintamāso viyā</span>ti tintamāso pasibbako viya. Kiṃ nu kho etaṃ mama kucchiyaṃ pubbaṃ bhārikattaṃ, kiṃ nu kho kathaṃ nu kho jātanti adhippāyo? <span class="bld">Upāyenā</span>ti pathena ñāyena. Byatirekato panassa anupāyaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sace panā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Attānameva vā sandhāya <span class="bld">‘‘mā tathāgataṃ vihesesī’’</span>ti āha. Yathā hi ariyasaṅgho ‘‘tathāgataṃ devamanussapūjitaṃ, saṅghaṃ namassāma suvatthi hotū’’tiādīsu (khu. pā. 6.18; su. ni. 241) <span class="bld">tathāgato</span>ti vuccati, evaṃ tappariyāpannā ariyapuggalā, yathā ca purimakā dutiyaaggasāvakā kappānaṃ satasahassādhikaṃ ekaṃ asaṅkhyeyyaṃ pāramiyo pūretvā āgatā, ayampi mahāthero tathā āgatoti <span class="bld">tathāgato</span>ti. <span class="bld">Patiaggaḷeva aṭṭhāsī</span>ti aggaḷassa bahibhāge aṭṭhāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para507"></a><a name="para507_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">507</span>. Rukkhadevatā nāma cātumahārājikesu nihīno kāyo, tasmā nesaṃ manussagandho paricitattā nātijegucchoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ākāsaṭṭhadevatāna’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Ābādhaṃ karotī</span>ti dukkhaṃ janeti. <span class="bld">Nāgariko</span>ti sukumāro. <span class="bld">Paricokkho</span>ti sabbaso sucirūpo. <span class="bld">Ñātikoṭi</span>nti ñātibhāgaṃ. Anādimati hi saṃsāre ñātibhāgarahito nāma satto kassacipi natthīti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Ida</span>nti ‘‘so me tvaṃ bhāgineyyo hosī’’ti idaṃ vacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Paveṇivasenā</span>ti tadā mayhaṃ bhāgineyyo hutvā idāni māraṭṭhāne ṭhitoti imissā paveṇiyā vasena vuttaṃ. Aññassa vā vesamaṃ dhuro <span class="bld">vidhuro</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘aññehi saddhiṃ asadiso’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Appadukkhenā</span>ti sukheneva. Panthānaṃ <a name="M2.0321"></a> avanti gacchantīti <span class="bld">pathāvino. Ettakenā</span>ti ettāvatā citakasannisayena. <span class="bld">Udakaleṇa</span>nti udakanissandanaleṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Samāpattito</span>ti nirodhasamāpattito. <span class="bld">Samāpattiphala</span>nti nirodhasamāpattiphalaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para508"></a><a name="para508_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">508</span>. <span class="bld">Dasahi akkosavatthūhī</span>ti dasahipi akkosavatthūhi, tato kiñci ahāpentā. <span class="bld">Paribhāsathā</span>ti <a name="V2.0299"></a> garahatha. <span class="bld">Ghaṭṭethā</span>ti anūnāhi kathāhi imesu ovijjhatha. <span class="bld">Dukkhāpethā</span>ti citte dukkhaṃ janetha. <span class="bld">Etesa</span>nti tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ tumhākaṃ akkosanādīhi bhikkhūnaṃ kilesuppattiyā. Tenettha <span class="bld">dūsī māro</span> otāraṃ labhati nāmāti adhippāyo. Upaṭṭhātabbaṃ ibhaṃ arahantīti ibbhā, hatthibhaṇḍakā, hīnajīvikatāya hete ibbhā viyāti <span class="bld">ibbhā,</span> te pana sadutiyakavasena <span class="bld">‘‘gahapatikā’’</span>ti vuttā. <span class="bld">Kaṇhā</span>ti kaṇhābhijātikā. Pādato jātattā <span class="bld">pādānaṃ apaccā. Ālasiyajātā</span>ti kasivaṇijjādikammassa akaraṇena sañjātālasiyā. <span class="bld">Gūthaniddhamanapanāḷī</span>ti vaccakūpato gūthassa nikkhamapadeso.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Manussānaṃ akusalaṃ na bhaveyya</span> tesaṃ tādisāya abhisandhiyā abhāvato. Āvesakassa ānubhāvena āviṭṭhassa cittasantati viparivattatīti vuttovāyamattho. <span class="bld">Visabhāgavatthu</span>nti bhikkhūnaṃ santike itthirūpaṃ, bhikkhunīnaṃ santike purisarūpanti īdisaṃ, aññaṃ vā pabbajitānaṃ asāruppaṃ visabhāgavatthuṃ. <span class="bld">Vippaṭisārārammaṇa</span>nti passantānaṃ vippaṭisārassa paccayaṃ. <span class="bld">Lepayaṭṭhi</span>nti lepalittaṃ vākurayaṭṭhiṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para510"></a><a name="para510_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">510</span>. <span class="bld">Somanassavasenā</span>ti gehassitasomanassavasena. <span class="bld">Aññathatta</span>nti uppilāvitattaṃ. <span class="bld">Purimanayenevā</span>ti ‘‘sace māro manussānaṃ sarīre adhimuccitvā’’tiādinā pubbe vuttanayena. Yadi mārova tathā kareyya, manussānaṃ kusalaṃ na bhaveyya, mārasseva bhaveyya, sarīre pana anadhimuccitvā tādisaṃ pasādanīyaṃ pasādavatthuṃ dassesi. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yathā hī’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para511"></a><a name="para511_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">511</span>. <span class="bld">Asubhasaññāparicitenā</span>ti sakalaṃ kāyaṃ asubhanti pavattāya saññāya sahagatajjhānaṃ asubhasaññā, tena paricitena paribhāvitena. <span class="bld">Cetasā</span> <a name="M2.0322"></a> cittena. <span class="bld">Bahula</span>nti abhiṇhaṃ. <span class="bld">Viharato</span>ti viharantassa, asubhasamāpattibahulassāti attho. <span class="bld">Patilīyatī</span>ti saṅkucati tattha paṭikūlatāya saṇṭhitattā. <span class="bld">Patikuṭatī</span>ti apasakkati. <span class="bld">Pativattatī</span>ti nivattati. Tato eva <span class="bld">na sampasāriyati. Rasataṇhāyā</span>ti madhurādirasavisayāya taṇhāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbaloke anabhiratisaññā</span>ti tīsupi bhavesu aruccanavasena pavattā vipassanābhāvanā. Nibbidānupassanā hesā. <span class="bld">Lokacitresū</span>ti hatthiassarathapāsādakūṭāgārādibhedesu ceva ārāmarāmaṇeyyakādibhedesu ca loke cittavicittesu. <span class="bld">Rāgasantāni</span> vūpasantarāgāni. <span class="bld">Dosamohasantānī</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo. Imesaṃ evaṃ kammaṭṭhānaggahaṇaṃ sabbesaṃ sappāyabhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para512"></a><a name="para512_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">512</span>. <span class="bld">Sakkharaṃ</span> <a name="V2.0300"></a> <span class="bld">gahetvā</span>ti sakkharāsīsena tattakaṃ bhinnapāsāṇamuṭṭhinti āha <span class="bld">‘‘antomuṭṭhiyaṃ tiṭṭhanapamāṇaṃ pāsāṇa’’</span>nti. Muṭṭhipariyāpannanti attho. Ayañhi pāsāṇassa heṭṭhimakoṭi. <span class="bld">Hatthināgo</span>ti mahāhatthī. Mahantapariyāyo <span class="bld">nāga</span>-saddoti keci. Ahināgādito vā visesanatthaṃ hatthināgoti vuttaṃ. Sakalasarīreneva nivattitvā apalokesīti vuttamatthaṃ vivarituṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yathā hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Na vāya</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">vā</span>-saddo avadhāraṇatthoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘neva pamāṇaṃ aññāsī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sahāpalokanāyāti ca vacanato</span>ti iminā vacanena imaṃ vacanamattaṃ gahetvāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Uḷāre</span>ti uḷāraguṇe. Bhagavantañhi ṭhapetvā natthi tadā sadevake loke tādiso guṇavisesayuttoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Visuṃ visuṃ paccattavedaniyo ayasūlena saddhiṃ bhūtāni cha phassāyatanāni etassāti cha phassāyatanaṃ, dukkhaṃ. Taṃ ettha atthīti <span class="bld">cha phassāyataniko,</span> nirayo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘chasu phassā…pe… paccayo’’</span>ti. Samāhanatīti samāhato, anekasatabhedo saṅkusamāhato ettha atthīti <span class="bld">saṅkusamāhato,</span> nirayo. Visesapaccayatāya vedanāya ṭhitoti vedaniyo, kāraṇākārakena vinā paccattaṃ sayameva vedaniyoti <span class="bld">paccattavedaniyo. Ayasūlena saddhiṃ ayasūla</span>nti pādapadesato paṭṭhāya nirantaraṃ abhihananavasena āgatena paṇṇāsāya <a name="M2.0323"></a> janehi gahitena ayasūlena saha sīsapadesato paṭṭhāya āgataṃ. Ayasūlabhāvasāmaññena cetaṃ ekavacanaṃ, satamattāni patitāni sūlāni. <span class="bld">Iminā te ṭhānena cintetvā</span>ti nissitavohārena nissayaṃ vadati. <span class="bld">Evaṃ vutta</span>nti ‘‘tadā jāneyyāsi vassasahassaṃ me niraye paccamānassā’’ti evaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Vuṭṭhānima</span>nti vuṭṭhāne bhavaṃ, antimanti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vipākavuṭṭhānavedana’’</span>nti, vipākassa pariyosānaṃ vedananti attho. <span class="bld">Dukkhatarā hoti</span> padīpassa vijjhāyanakkhaṇe mahantabhāvo viya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para513"></a><a name="para513_mn1"></a><span class="paranum">513</span>. <span class="bld">Ghaṭṭayitvā</span> pothetvā. <span class="bld">Pāṭiyekkavedanājanakā</span>ti paccekaṃ mahādukkhasamuppādakā. Ayato apagato <span class="bld">nirayo,</span> so <span class="bld">devadūtasuttena</span> (ma. ni. 3.261) dīpetabbo. Atthavaṇṇanā panassa parato sayameva āgamissati. Imaṃ pana atītavatthuṃ āharitvā attano ñāṇānubhāvadīpanamukhena māraṃ santajjento mahāthero <span class="bld">‘‘yo</span> <span class="bld">etamabhijānātī’’</span>ti gāthamāha. Tassattho – <span class="bld">yo</span> mahābhiñño <span class="bld">etaṃ</span> kammaṃ kammaphalañca hatthatale ṭhapitaṃ āmalakaṃ viya abhimukhaṃ katvā paccakkhato jānāti. Sabbaso bhinnakilesatāya <span class="bld">bhikkhu</span> sammāsambuddhassa aggasāvako, <span class="bld">tādisaṃ</span> uḷāraguṇaṃ <span class="bld">āsajja</span> ghaṭṭayitvā ekantakāḷakehi pāpadhammehi samannāgatattā <span class="bld">kaṇha</span> māra āyatiṃ mahādukkhaṃ vindissasi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Udakaṃ vatthuṃ katvā</span>ti tattha nibbattanakasattānaṃ sādhāraṇakammaphalena mahāsamuddaudakameva adhiṭṭhānaṃ <a name="V2.0301"></a> katvā. Tathā hi tāni kappaṭṭhitikāni honti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kappaṭṭhāyino’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tesa</span>nti vimānānaṃ. <span class="bld">Etaṃ</span> yathāvuttavimānavatthuṃ tāsaṃ accharānaṃ sampattiṃ, tassa ca kāraṇaṃ attapaccakkhaṃ katvā <span class="bld">jānāti. Pādaṅguṭṭhena kampayī</span>ti pubbārāme visākhāya mahāupāsikāya kāritaṃ sahassagabbhapaṭimaṇḍitamahāpāsādaṃ attano pādaṅguṭṭhena kampesi. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘idaṃ pāsādakampanasuttena dīpetabba’’</span>nti. Idanti ‘‘yo vejayanta’’nti imissā gāthāya atthajātaṃ <span class="bld">cūḷataṇhāsaṅkhayavimuttisutteneva</span> (ma. ni. 1.393) <span class="bld">dīpetabbaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tassa brahmagaṇassa tathācintanasamanantarameva tasmiṃ brahmaloke sudhammaṃ brahmasabhaṃ gantvā. <span class="bld">Tepī</span>ti mahāmoggallānādayo. <span class="bld">Paccekaṃ disāsū</span>ti <a name="M2.0324"></a> mahāmoggallānatthero puratthimadisāyaṃ, mahākassapatthero dakkhiṇadisāyaṃ, mahākappinatthero pacchimadisāyaṃ, anuruddhatthero uttaradisāyanti evaṃ cattāro therā brahmaparisamatthake majjhe nisinnassa bhagavato samantato catuddisā nisīdiṃsu. <span class="bld">Gāthā vuttā</span>ti ‘‘yo brahmaṃ paripucchatī’’ti gāthā vuttā. <span class="bld">Aññatarabrahmasuttenā</span>ti – ‘‘tena kho pana samayena aññatarassa brahmuno evarūpaṃ pāpakaṃ diṭṭhigataṃ uppannaṃ hotī’’tiādinā (saṃ. ni. 1.176) mahāvagge āgatena aññatarabrahmasuttena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Jhānavimokkhena phusī</span>ti jhānavimokkhasannissayena abhiññāñāṇena phassayi. Vananti jambudīpaṃ aphassayīti sambandho. Jambudīpo hi vanabahulatāya idha ‘‘vana’’nti vutto. Tenāha ‘‘jambusaṇḍassa issaro’’ti. <span class="bld">Pubbavidehānaṃ dīpa</span>nti pubbavidehavāsīnaṃ dīpaṃ, pubbavidehadīpanti attho. <span class="bld">Bhūmisayā narā</span> nāma aparagoyānakā uttarakurukā ca. Yasmā te gehapariggahābhāvato bhūmiyaṃyeva sayanti, na pāsādādīsu. <span class="bld">Paṭilabhī</span>ti uppādesi. <span class="bld">Etaṃ āsaṃ mā akāsī</span>ti esā yathā pubbe dūsimārassa, evaṃ tuyhaṃ āsā dīgharattaṃ anatthāvahā, tasmā edisaṃ āsaṃ mā akāsīti mārassa ovādaṃ adāsi. Sesaṃ sabbattha suviññeyyameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Papañcasūdaniyā majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Māratajjanīyasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.</p>
<p class="centered">Niṭṭhitā ca cūḷayamakavaggavaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="centered">Mūlapaṇṇāsaṭīkā samattā.</p>
<p class="centered">Dutiyo bhāgo niṭṭhito.</p>
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