iapt-platform
/
mint
同期ミラー https://github.com/iapt-platform/mint.git


			
				
					
						
						
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<p class="centered"> Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa</p>
<p class="nikaya">Dīghanikāye</p>
<p class="book"><a name="dn1"></a>Sīlakkhandhavaggaṭīkā</p>
<p class="subsubhead"><a name="dn1_0"></a>Ganthārambhakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Saṃvaṇṇanārambhe <a name="V1.0001"></a><a name="M1.0001"></a><a name="P1.0001"></a> ratanattayavandanā saṃvaṇṇetabbassa dhammassa pabhavanissayavisuddhipaṭivedanatthaṃ, taṃ pana dhammasaṃvaṇṇanāsu viññūnaṃ bahumānuppādanatthaṃ, taṃ sammadeva tesaṃ uggahadhāraṇādikkamaladdhabbāya sammāpaṭipattiyā sabbahitasukhanipphādanatthaṃ. Atha vā maṅgalabhāvato, sabbakiriyāsu pubbakiccabhāvato, paṇḍitehi sammācaritabhāvato, āyatiṃ paresaṃ diṭṭhānugatiāpajjanato ca saṃvaṇṇanāyaṃ ratanattayapaṇāmakiriyā. Atha vā ratanattayapaṇāmakaraṇaṃ pūjanīyapūjāpuññavisesanibbattanatthaṃ, taṃ attano yathāladdhasampattinimittakassa kammassa balānuppādanatthaṃ, antarā ca tassa asaṅkocanatthaṃ, tadubhayaṃ anantarāyena aṭṭhakathāya parisamāpanatthaṃ. Idameva ca payojanaṃ ācariyena idhādhippetaṃ. Tathā hi vakkhati – ‘‘iti me pasannamatino…pe… tassānubhāvenā’’ti. Vatthuttayapūjā hi niratisayapuññakkhettasambuddhiyā aparimeyyappabhāvo <a name="V1.0002"></a> puññātisayoti bahuvidhantarāyepi lokasannivāse antarāyanibandhanasakalasaṃkilesaviddhaṃsanāya pahoti, bhayādiupaddavañca nivāreti. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Pūjārahe pūjayato, buddhe yadi va sāvake’’tiādi (dha. pa. 1.195; apa. 1.10.1), tathā –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Ye <a name="P1.0002"></a> bhikkhave buddhe pasannā, agge te pasannā. Agge kho pana pasannānaṃ aggo vipāko hotī’’tiādi (a. ni. 4.34; itivu. 90).</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Buddhoti <a name="M1.0002"></a> kittayantassa, kāye bhavati yā pīti;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Varameva hi sā pīti, kasiṇenapi jambudīpassa.</p>
<p class="gathalast">Dhammoti…pe… saṅghoti…pe… dīpassā’’ti. (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 1.6);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Yasmiṃ, mahānāma, samaye ariyasāvako tathāgataṃ anussarati, nevassa tasmiṃ samaye rāgapariyuṭṭhitaṃ cittaṃ hoti, na dosa…pe… na mohapariyuṭṭhitaṃ cittaṃ hotī’’tiādi (a. ni. 6.10; 11.11),</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Araññe rukkhamūle vā…pe…</p>
<p class="gatha2">Bhayaṃ vā chambhitattaṃ vā,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Lomahaṃso na hessatī’’ti. (saṃ. ni. 1.249) ca</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha yassa vatthuttayassa vandanaṃ kattukāmo, tassa guṇātisayayogasandassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘karuṇāsītalahadaya’’</span>ntiādinā gāthattayamāha. Guṇātisayayogena hi vandanārahabhāvo, vandanārahe ca katā vandanā yathādhippetappayojanaṃ sādhetīti. Tattha yassā desanāya saṃvaṇṇanaṃ kattukāmo, sā na vinayadesanā viya karuṇāppadhānā, nāpi abhidhammadesanā viya paññāppadhānā, atha kho karuṇāpaññāppadhānāti tadubhayappadhānameva tāva sammāsambuddhassa thomanaṃ kātuṃ taṃmūlakattā sesaratanānaṃ ‘‘karuṇāsītalahadaya’’ntiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="V1.0003"></a> kiratīti karuṇā, paradukkhaṃ vikkhipati, apanetīti attho. Atha vā kiṇātīti karuṇā, paradukkhe sati kāruṇikaṃ hiṃsati, vibādhatīti attho, paradukkhe sati sādhūnaṃ <a name="P1.0003"></a> kampanaṃ hadayakhedaṃ karotīti vā karuṇā. Atha vā kamiti sukhaṃ, taṃ rundhatīti karuṇā. Esā hi paradukkhāpanayanakāmatālakkhaṇā, attasukhanirapekkhatāya kāruṇikānaṃ sukhaṃ rundhati vibandhatīti. Karuṇāya sītalaṃ karuṇāsītalaṃ, karuṇāsītalaṃ hadayaṃ assāti karuṇāsītalahadayo, taṃ <span class="bld">karuṇāsītalahadayaṃ.</span> Tattha kiñcāpi paresaṃ hitopasaṃhārasukhādiaparihānicchanasabhāvatāya, byāpādāratīnaṃ ujuvipaccanīkatāya ca sattasantānagatasantāpavicchedanākārappavattiyā mettāmuditānampi cittasītalabhāvakāraṇatā upalabbhati, tathāpi <a name="M1.0003"></a> dukkhāpanayanākārappavattiyā parūpatāpāsahanarasā avihiṃsābhūtā karuṇā visesena bhagavato cittassa cittapassaddhi viya sītībhāvanimittanti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘karuṇāsītalahadaya’’</span>nti. Karuṇāmukhena vā mettāmuditānampi hadayasītalabhāvakāraṇatā vuttāti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha vā asādhāraṇañāṇavisesanibandhanabhūtā sātisayaṃ niravasesañca sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ viya savisayabyāpitāya mahākaruṇābhāvaṃ upagatā karuṇāva bhagavato atisayena hadayasītalabhāvahetūti āha <span class="bld">‘‘karuṇāsītalahadaya’’</span>nti. Atha vā satipi mettāmuditānaṃ sātisaye hadayasītībhāvanibandhanatte sakalabuddhaguṇavisesakāraṇatāya tāsampi kāraṇanti karuṇāva bhagavato hadayasītalabhāvakāraṇaṃ vuttā. Karuṇānidānā hi sabbepi buddhaguṇā. Karuṇānubhāvanibbāpiyamānasaṃsāradukkhasantāpassa hi bhagavato paradukkhāpanayanakāmatāya anekānipi asaṅkheyyāni kappānaṃ akilantarūpasseva niravasesabuddhakaradhammasambharaṇaniyatassa samadhigatadhammādhipateyyassa ca sannihitesupi sattasaṅkhārasamupanītahadayūpatāpanimittesu na īsakampi <a name="P1.0004"></a> cittasītībhāvassaññathattamahosīti. Etasmiñca atthavikappe tīsupi avatthāsu bhagavato karuṇā saṅgahitāti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pajānātīti paññā, yathāsabhāvaṃ pakārehi paṭivijjhatīti attho. Paññāva ñeyyāvaraṇappahānato pakārehi dhammasabhāvāvajotanaṭṭhena pajjototi paññāpajjoto, savāsanappahānato visesena hataṃ samugghāṭitaṃ vihataṃ, paññāpajjotena vihataṃ paññāpajjotavihataṃ. Muyhanti tena, sayaṃ vā muyhati, mohanamattameva vā tanti moho, avijjā, sveva visayasabhāvapaṭicchādanato andhakārasarikkhatāya tamo viyāti tamo, paññāpajjotavihato mohatamo etassāti paññāpajjotavihatamohatamo, taṃ <span class="bld">paññāpajjotavihatamohatamaṃ</span><a name="V1.0004"></a>. Sabbesampi hi khīṇāsavānaṃ satipi paññāpajjotena avijjāndhakārassa vihatabhāve saddhādhimuttehi viya diṭṭhippattānaṃ sāvakehi, paccekasambuddhehi ca savāsanappahānena sammāsambuddhānaṃ kilesappahānassa viseso vijjatīti sātisayena avijjāppahānena bhagavantaṃ thomento āha <span class="bld">‘‘paññāpajjotavihatamohatama’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha <a name="M1.0004"></a> vā antarena paropadesaṃ attano santāne accantaṃ avijjāndhakāravigamassa nibbattitattā, tattha ca sabbaññutāya, balesu ca vasībhāvassa samadhigatattā, parasantatiyañca dhammadesanātisayānubhāvena sammadeva tassa pavattitattā bhagavāva visesato mohatamavigamena thometabboti āha <span class="bld">‘‘paññāpajjotavihatamohatama’’</span>nti. Imasmiñca atthavikappe <span class="bld">‘‘paññāpajjoto’’</span>ti padena bhagavato paṭivedhapaññā viya desanāpaññāpi sāmaññaniddesena ekasesanayena vā saṅgahitāti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha <a name="P1.0005"></a> vā bhagavato ñāṇassa ñeyyapariyantikattā sakalañeyyadhammasabhāvābodhanasamatthena anāvaraṇañāṇasaṅkhātena paññāpajjotena sabbañeyyadhammasabhāvacchādakassa mohandhakārassa vidhamitattā anaññasādhāraṇo bhagavato mohatamavināsoti katvā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘paññāpajjotavihatamohatama’’</span>nti. Ettha ca mohatamavidhamanante adhigatattā anāvaraṇañāṇaṃ kāraṇūpacārena sakasantāne mohatamavidhamanaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Abhinīhārasampattiyā savāsanappahānameva hi kilesānaṃ ‘‘ñeyyāvaraṇappahāna’’nti, parasantāne pana mohatamavidhamanassa kāraṇabhāvato anāvaraṇañāṇaṃ ‘‘mohatamavidhamana’’nti vuccatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kiṃ pana kāraṇaṃ avijjāvigghāto yeveko pahānasampattivasena bhagavato thomanānimittaṃ gayhati, na pana sātisayaniravasesakilesappahānanti? Tappahānavacaneneva tadekaṭṭhatāya sakalasaṃkilesagaṇasamugghātajotitabhāvato. Na hi so tādiso kileso atthi, yo niravasesaavijjāppahānena na pahīyatīti. Atha vā vijjā viya sakalakusaladhammasamuppattiyā niravasesākusaladhammanibbattiyā, saṃsārappavattiyā ca avijjā padhānakāraṇanti tabbigghātavacanena sakalasaṃkilesagaṇasamugghāto vuttoyeva hotīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘paññāpajjotavihatamohatama’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Narā ca amarā ca narāmarā, saha narāmarehīti sanarāmaro, sanarāmaro ca so loko cāti sanarāmaraloko, tassa garuti sanarāmaralokagaru, taṃ <span class="bld">sanarāmaralokagaruṃ.</span> Etena devamanussānaṃ <a name="V1.0005"></a> viya tadavasiṭṭhasattānampi yathārahaṃ guṇavisesāvahato bhagavato upakāritaṃ <a name="M1.0005"></a> dasseti. Na cettha padhānāpadhānabhāvo codetabbo. Añño hi saddakkamo, añño atthakkamo. Edisesu hi samāsapadesu <a name="P1.0006"></a> padhānampi appadhānaṃ viya niddisīyati yathā – ‘‘sarājikāya parisāyā’’ti (apa. aṭṭha. 1.82). Kāmañcettha sattasaṅkhārabhājanavasena tividho loko, garubhāvassa pana adhippetattā garukaraṇasamatthasseva yujjanato sattalokassavasena attho gahetabbo. So hi lokiyanti ettha puññapāpāni tabbipāko cāti ‘‘loko’’ti vuccati. Amaraggahaṇena cettha upapattidevā adhippetā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha vā samūhattho loka-saddo samudāyavasena lokīyati paññāpīyatīti. Saha narehīti sanarā, sanarā ca te amarā ceti sanarāmarā, tesaṃ lokoti sanarāmaralokoti purimanayeneva yojetabbaṃ. Amara-saddena cettha visuddhidevāpi saṅgayhanti. Te hi maraṇābhāvato paramatthato amarā. Narāmarānaṃyeva ca gahaṇaṃ ukkaṭṭhaniddesavasena, yathā – ‘‘satthā devamanussāna’’nti (dī. ni. 1.157). Tathā hi sabbānatthapariharaṇapubbaṅgamāya niravasesahitasukhavidhānatapparāya niratisayāya payogasampattiyā sadevamanussāya pajāya accantupakāritāya, aparimitanirupamappabhāvaguṇavisesasamaṅgitāya ca sabbasattuttamo bhagavā aparimāṇāsu lokadhātūsu aparimāṇānaṃ sattānaṃ uttamaṃ gāravaṭṭhānaṃ, tena vuttaṃ – <span class="bld">‘‘sanarāmaralokagaru’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sobhanaṃ gataṃ gamanaṃ etassāti <span class="bld">sugato.</span> Bhagavato hi veneyyajanupasaṅkamanaṃ ekantena tesaṃ hitasukhanipphādanato sobhanaṃ, tathā lakkhaṇānubyañjana (dī. ni. 2.33; 3.198-200; ma. ni. 2.385, 386) paṭimaṇḍitarūpakāyatāyadutavilambita- khalitānukaḍḍhananippīḷanukkuṭikakuṭilākulatādidosarahitaṃ vilāsitarājahaṃsavasabhavāraṇamigarājagamanaṃ kāyagamanaṃ <a name="P1.0007"></a> ñāṇagamanañca vipulanimmalakaruṇāsativīriyādiguṇavisesasahitamabhinīhārato yāva mahābodhi anavajjatāya sobhanamevāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha vā sayambhuñāṇena sakalampi lokaṃ pariññābhisamayavasena parijānanto ñāṇena sammā gato avagatoti <span class="bld">sugato.</span> Tathā lokasamudayaṃ <a name="M1.0006"></a> pahānābhisamayavasena pajahanto anuppattidhammataṃ āpādento sammā gato atītoti <span class="bld">sugato.</span> Lokanirodhaṃ nibbānaṃ sacchikiriyābhisamayavasena sammā gato adhigatoti <span class="bld">sugato.</span> Lokanirodhagāminipaṭipadaṃ bhāvanābhisamayavasena sammā gato paṭipannoti <span class="bld">sugato.</span> Sotāpattimaggena ye kilesā pahīnā, te kilese na puneti, na pacceti, na paccāgacchatīti <span class="bld">sugato</span>tiādinā nayena ayamattho vibhāvetabbo<a name="V1.0006"></a>. Atha vā sundaraṃ ṭhānaṃ sammāsambodhiṃ nibbānameva vā gato adhigatoti <span class="bld">sugato.</span> Yasmā vā bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ atthasañhitaṃ vineyyānaṃ yathārahaṃ kālayuttameva ca dhammaṃ bhāsati, tasmā sammā gadatīti <span class="bld">sugato,</span> da-kārassa ta-kāraṃ katvā. Iti sobhanagamanatādīhi sugato, taṃ <span class="bld">sugataṃ.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext">Puññapāpakammehi upapajjanavasena gantabbato gatiyo, upapattibhavavisesā. Tā pana nirayādivasena pañcavidhā, tāhi sakalassāpi bhavagāmikammassa ariyamaggādhigamena avipākārahabhāvakaraṇena nivattitattā bhagavā pañcahipi gatīhi suṭṭhu mutto visaṃyuttoti āha – <span class="bld">‘‘gativimutta’’</span>nti. Etena bhagavato katthacipi gatiyā apariyāpannataṃ dasseti, yato bhagavā ‘‘devātidevo’’ti vuccati, tenevāha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yena devūpapatyassa, gandhabbo vā vihaṅgamo;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Yakkhattaṃ yena gaccheyyaṃ, manussattañca abbaje;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Te mayhaṃ āsavā khīṇā, viddhastā vinaḷīkatā’’ti. (a. ni. 4.36);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Taṃtaṃgatisaṃvattanakānañhi <a name="P1.0008"></a> kammakilesānaṃ aggamaggena bodhimūleyeva suppahīnattā natthi bhagavato gatipariyāpannatāti accantameva bhagavā sabbabhavayonigativiññāṇaṭṭhitisattāvāsasattanikāyehi suparimutto, taṃ <span class="bld">gativimuttaṃ. Vande</span>ti namāmi, thomemīti vā attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha vā <span class="bld">gativimutta</span>nti anupādisesanibbānadhātuppattiyā bhagavantaṃ thometi. Ettha hi dvīhākārehi bhagavato thomanā veditabbā – attahitasampattito, parahitapaṭipattito ca. Tesu attahitasampatti anāvaraṇañāṇādhigamato, savāsanānaṃ sabbesaṃ kilesānaṃ accantappahānato, anupādisesanibbānappattito ca veditabbā. Parahitapaṭipatti lābhasakkārādinirapekkhacittassa <a name="M1.0007"></a> sabbadukkhaniyyānikadhammadesanāto, viruddhesupi niccaṃ hitajjhāsayato, ñāṇaparipākakālāgamanato ca. Sā panettha āsayato payogato ca duvidhā parahitapaṭipatti, tividhā ca attahitasampatti pakāsitā hoti. Kathaṃ? ‘‘Karuṇāsītalahadaya’’nti etena āsayato parahitapaṭipatti, sammā gadanatthena sugata-saddena payogato parahitapaṭipatti, ‘‘paññāpajjotavihatamohatamaṃ gativimutta’’nti etehi catusaccapaṭivedhatthena ca sugata-saddena tividhāpi <a name="V1.0007"></a> attahitasampatti, avasiṭṭhena, ‘‘paññāpajjotavihatamohatama’’nti etena ca sabbāpi attahitasampattiparahitapaṭipatti pakāsitā hotīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha vā tīhākārehi bhagavato thomanā veditabbā – hetuto, phalato, upakārato ca. Tattha <span class="bld">hetu</span> mahākaruṇā, sā paṭhamapadena nidassitā. <span class="bld">Phalaṃ</span> catubbidhaṃ – ñāṇasampadā, pahānasampadā, ānubhāvasampadā, rūpakāyasampadā cāti. Tāsu ñāṇappahānasampadā dutiyapadena saccappaṭivedhatthena ca sugata-saddena pakāsitā honti. Ānubhāvasampadā tatiyapadena, rūpakāyasampadā <a name="P1.0009"></a> yathāvuttakāyagamanasobhanatthena sugata-saddena, lakkhaṇānubyañjanapāripūriyā (dī. ni. 2.33; 3.198-200; ma. ni. 2.385-386) vinā tadabhāvato. <span class="bld">Upakāro</span> antaraṃ abāhiraṃ karitvā tividhayānamukhena vimuttidhammadesanā, so sammā gadanatthena sugata-saddena pakāsito hotīti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha ‘‘karuṇāsītalahadaya’’nti etena sammāsambodhiyā mūlaṃ dasseti. Mahākaruṇāsañcoditamānaso hi bhagavā saṃsārapaṅkato sattānaṃ samuddharaṇatthaṃ katābhinīhāro anupubbena pāramiyo pūretvā anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ adhigatoti karuṇā sammāsambodhiyā mūlaṃ. ‘‘Paññāpajjotavihatamohatama’’nti etena sammāsambodhiṃ dasseti. Anāvaraṇañāṇapadaṭṭhānañhi maggañāṇaṃ, maggañāṇapadaṭṭhānañca anāvaraṇañāṇaṃ ‘‘sammāsambodhī’’ti vuccatīti. Sammā gadanatthena sugata-saddena sammāsambodhiyā paṭipattiṃ dasseti, līnuddhaccapatiṭṭhānāyūhanakāmasukhallikattakilamathānuyoga- sassatucchedābhinivesādiantadvayarahitāya karuṇāpaññāpariggahitāya <a name="M1.0008"></a> majjhimāya paṭipattiyā pakāsanato sugata-saddassa. Itarehi sammāsambodhiyā padhānāppadhānabhedaṃ payojanaṃ dasseti. Saṃsāramahoghato sattasantāraṇañcettha padhānaṃ payojanaṃ, tadaññamappadhānaṃ. Tesu padhānena parahitappaṭipattiṃ dasseti, itarena attahitasampattiṃ, tadubhayena attahitāya paṭipannādīsu (pu. pa. 24, 173) catūsu puggalesu bhagavato catutthapuggalabhāvaṃ dasseti. Tena ca anuttaradakkhiṇeyyabhāvaṃ uttamavandanīyabhāvaṃ, attano ca vandanakiriyāya khettaṅgatabhāvaṃ dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca karuṇāggahaṇena lokiyesu mahaggatabhāvappattāsādhāraṇaguṇadīpanato bhagavato sabbalokiyaguṇasampatti <a name="P1.0010"></a> dassitā hoti, paññāggahaṇena sabbaññutaññāṇapadaṭṭhānamaggañāṇadīpanato sabbalokuttaraguṇasampatti. Tadubhayaggahaṇasiddho hi attho ‘‘sanarāmaralokagaru’’ntiādinā vipañcīyatīti. Karuṇāggahaṇena ca upagamanaṃ nirupakkilesaṃ <a name="V1.0008"></a> dasseti, paññāggahaṇena apagamanaṃ. Tathā karuṇāggahaṇena lokasamaññānurūpaṃ bhagavato pavattiṃ dasseti, lokavohāravisayattā karuṇāya, paññāggahaṇena samaññāyānavidhāvanaṃ. Sabhāvānavabodhena hi dhammānaṃ samaññaṃ atidhāvitvā sattādiparāmasanaṃ hotīti. Tathā karuṇāggahaṇena mahākaruṇāsamāpattivihāraṃ dasseti, paññāggahaṇena tīsu kālesu appaṭihatañāṇaṃ, catusaccañāṇaṃ, catuppaṭisambhidāñāṇaṃ, catuvessārajjañāṇaṃ. Karuṇāggahaṇena mahākaruṇāsamāpattiñāṇassa gahitattā sesāsādhāraṇañāṇāni, cha abhiññā, aṭṭhasu parisāsu (ma. ni. 1.151) akampanañāṇāni, dasa balāni, cuddasa buddhañāṇāni, soḷasa ñāṇacariyā, aṭṭhārasa buddhadhammā, (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 3.305; vibha. mūla. ṭī. ganthārambhavaṇṇanāya) catucattārīsa ñāṇavatthūni, (saṃ. ni. 2.34) sattasattati ñāṇavatthūnīti (saṃ. ni. 2.34) evamādīnaṃ anekesaṃ paññāppabhedānaṃ vasena ñāṇacāraṃ dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā karuṇāggahaṇena caraṇasampattiṃ, paññāggahaṇena vijjāsampattiṃ. Karuṇāggahaṇena sattādhipatitā, paññāggahaṇena dhammādhipatitā. Karuṇāggahaṇena lokanāthabhāvo, paññāggahaṇena attanāthabhāvo. Tathā karuṇāggahaṇena pubbakāribhāvo, paññāggahaṇena kataññutā<a name="M1.0009"></a>. Tathā karuṇāggahaṇena aparantapatā, paññāggahaṇena anattantapatā. Karuṇāggahaṇena vā buddhakaradhammasiddhi, paññāggahaṇena buddhabhāvasiddhi. Tathā karuṇāggahaṇena paresaṃ tāraṇaṃ, paññāggahaṇena sayaṃ tāraṇaṃ. Tathā karuṇāggahaṇena sabbasattesu anuggahacittatā, paññāggahaṇena sabbadhammesu virattacittatā dassitā hoti. Sabbesañca <a name="P1.0011"></a> buddhaguṇānaṃ karuṇā ādi, tannidānabhāvato. Paññā pariyosānaṃ, tato uttarikaraṇīyābhāvato. Iti ādipariyosānadassanena sabbe buddhaguṇā dassitā honti. Tathā karuṇāggahaṇena sīlakkhandhapubbaṅgamo samādhikkhandho dassito hoti. Karuṇānidānañhi sīlaṃ, tato pāṇātipātādiviratippavattito, sā ca jhānattayasampayoginīti. Paññāvacanena paññākkhandho. Sīlañca sabbabuddhaguṇānamādi, samādhi majjhe, paññā pariyosānanti. Evampi ādimajjhapariyosānakalyāṇā sabbe buddhaguṇā dassitā honti, nayato dassitattā. Eso eva hi niravasesato buddhaguṇānaṃ dassanupāyo, yadidaṃ nayaggāhaṇaṃ. Aññathā ko nāma samattho bhagavato guṇe anupadaṃ niravasesato dassetuṃ. Tenevāha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Buddhopi buddhassa bhaṇeyya vaṇṇaṃ,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Kappampi ce aññamabhāsamāno;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Khīyetha <a name="V1.0009"></a> kappo ciradīghamantare,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Vaṇṇo na khīyetha tathāgatassā’’ti. (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 1.304; dī. ni. aṭṭha. 3.141; ma. ni. aṭṭha. 3.425, udā. aṭṭha. 53; bu. vaṃ. aṭṭha. 4.4; cariyā. aṭṭha. nidānakathāyaṃ, pakiṇṇakakathāyaṃ; apa. aṭṭha. 2.6.20);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Teneva ca āyasmatā sāriputtattherenāpi buddhaguṇaparicchedanaṃ pati anuyuttena ‘‘no hetaṃ bhante’’ti (dī. ni. 2.145) paṭikkhipitvā, ‘‘api ca me bhante dhammanvayo vidito’’ti (dī. ni. 2.146) vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ saṅkhepena sakalasabbaññuguṇehi bhagavantaṃ abhitthavitvā idāni saddhammaṃ thometuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘buddhopī’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">buddho</span>ti kattuniddeso. <span class="bld">Buddhabhāva</span>nti kammaniddeso. <span class="bld">Bhāvetvā, sacchikatvā</span>ti ca pubbakālakiriyāniddeso. <span class="bld">Ya</span>nti aniyamato kammaniddeso. <span class="bld">Upagato</span>ti <a name="P1.0012"></a> aparakālakiriyāniddeso. <span class="bld">Vande</span>ti kiriyāniddeso, <span class="bld">ta</span>nti <a name="M1.0010"></a> niyamanaṃ. <span class="bld">Dhamma</span>nti vandanakiriyāya kammaniddeso. <span class="bld">Gatamalaṃ, anuttara</span>nti ca tabbisesanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha buddha-saddassa tāva ‘‘bujjhitā saccānīti buddho, bodhetā pajāyāti buddho’’tiādinā (mahāni. 192; cūḷani. 95-97; paṭi. ma. 1.162) niddesanayena attho veditabbo. Atha vā savāsanāya aññāṇaniddāya accantavigamato, buddhiyā vā vikasitabhāvato buddhavāti <span class="bld">buddho,</span> jāgaraṇavikasanatthavasena. Atha vā kassacipi ñeyyadhammassa anavabuddhassa abhāvena ñeyyavisesassa kammabhāvena aggahaṇato kammavacanicchāya abhāvena avagamanatthavaseneva kattuniddeso labbhatīti buddhavāti buddho, yathā ‘‘dikkhito na dadātī’’ti, atthato pana pāramitāparibhāvito sayambhūñāṇena saha vāsanāya vihataviddhastaniravasesakileso mahākaruṇāsabbaññutaññāṇādiaparimeyya guṇagaṇādhāro khandhasantāno buddho. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Buddhoti yo so bhagavā sayambhū anācariyako pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu sāmaṃ saccāni abhisambujjhi, tattha ca sabbaññutaṃ patto, balesu ca vasībhāva’’nti (mahāni. 192; cūḷani. 95-97; paṭi. ma. 1.162).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Api</span>-saddo sambhāvane, tena ‘‘evaṃ guṇavisesayutto sopi nāma bhagavā’’ti vakkhamānaguṇe <a name="V1.0010"></a> dhamme sambhāvanaṃ dīpeti. <span class="bld">Buddhabhāva</span>nti sammāsambodhiṃ. <span class="bld">Bhāvetvā</span>ti uppādetvā, vaḍḍhetvā ca. <span class="bld">Sacchikatvā</span>ti paccakkhaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Upagato</span>ti patto, adhigatoti attho, etassa ‘‘buddhabhāva’’nti etena sambandho. <span class="bld">Gatamala</span>nti vigatamalaṃ, niddosanti attho. <span class="bld">Vande</span>ti paṇamāmi, thomemi <a name="P1.0013"></a> vā. <span class="bld">Anuttara</span>nti uttararahitaṃ, lokuttaranti attho. <span class="bld">Dhamma</span>nti yathānusiṭṭhaṃ paṭipajjamāne apāyato ca, saṃsārato ca apatamāne katvā dhārayatīti dhammo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ayañhettha saṅkhepattho – evaṃ vividhaguṇasamannāgato buddhopi bhagavā yaṃ ariyasaṅkhātaṃ dhammaṃ bhāvetvā, phalanibbānasaṅkhātaṃ pana sacchikatvā anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ adhigato, tametaṃ buddhānampi buddhabhāvahetubhūtaṃ sabbadosamalarahitaṃ attano uttaritarābhāvena anuttaraṃ paṭivedhasaddhammaṃ namāmīti. Pariyattisaddhammassāpi tappakāsanattā idha saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. Atha <a name="M1.0011"></a> vā ‘‘abhidhammanayasamuddaṃ bhāvetvā adhigacchi, tīṇi piṭakāni sammasī’’ti ca aṭṭhakathāyaṃ vuttattā pariyattidhammassāpi sacchikiriyāsammasanapariyāyo labbhatīti sopi idha vutto yevāti daṭṭhabbo. Tathā ‘‘yaṃ dhammaṃ bhāvetvā, sacchikatvā’’ti ca vuttattā buddhakaradhammabhūtāhi pāramitāhi saha pubbabhāge adhisīlasikkhādayopi idha dhamma-saddena saṅgahitāti veditabbā. Tāpi hi vigatapaṭipakkhatāya vigatamalā, anaññasādhāraṇatāya anuttarā cāti. Tathā hi sattānaṃ sakalavaṭṭadukkhanissaraṇāya katamahābhinīhāro mahākaruṇādhivāsapesalajjhāsayo paññāvisesapariyodātanimmalānaṃ dānadamasaññamādīnaṃ uttamadhammānaṃ satasahassādhikāni kappānaṃ cattāri asaṅkheyyāni sakkaccaṃ nirantaraṃ niravasesaṃ bhāvanāpaccakkhakaraṇehi kammādīsu adhigatavasībhāvo, acchariyācinteyyamahānubhāvo, adhisīlaadhicittānaṃ paramukkaṃsapāramippatto bhagavā paccayākāre catuvīsatikoṭisatasahassamukhena mahāvajirañāṇaṃ pesetvā anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambuddhoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha <a name="P1.0014"></a> ca ‘‘bhāvetvā’’ti etena vijjāsampadāya dhammaṃ thometi, ‘sacchikatvā’ti etena vimuttisampadāya. Tathā paṭhamena jhānasampadāya, dutiyena vimokkhasampadāya. Paṭhamena vā samādhisampadāya, dutiyena samāpattisampadāya. Atha vā paṭhamena khayañāṇabhāvena, dutiyena anuppādañāṇabhāvena. Purimena vā vijjūpamatāya, dutiyena vajirūpamatāya. Purimena vā virāgasampattiyā, dutiyena nirodhasampattiyā. Tathā paṭhamena niyyānabhāvena, dutiyena nissaraṇabhāvena. Paṭhamena vā hetubhāvena, dutiyena asaṅkhatabhāvena. Paṭhamena vā dassanabhāvena, dutiyena vivekabhāvena. Paṭhamena vā adhipatibhāvena, dutiyena amatabhāvena dhammaṃ thometi. Atha vā ‘‘yaṃ dhammaṃ bhāvetvā buddhabhāvaṃ upagato’’ti etena svākkhātatāya dhammaṃ thometi, ‘‘sacchikatvā’’ti <a name="V1.0011"></a> etena sandiṭṭhikatāya. Tathā purimena akālikatāya, pacchimena ehipassikatāya. Purimena vā opaneyyikatāya, pacchimena paccattaṃ veditabbatāya dhammaṃ thometi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Gatamala’’nti iminā saṃkilesābhāvadīpanena dhammassa parisuddhataṃ dasseti, ‘‘anuttara’’nti etena aññassa visiṭṭhassa abhāvadīpanena vipulaparipuṇṇataṃ. Paṭhamena vā pahānasampadaṃ dhammassa dasseti, dutiyena pabhāvasampadaṃ. Bhāvetabbatāya vā dhammassa gatamalabhāvo yojetabbo<a name="M1.0012"></a>. Bhāvanāguṇena hi so dosānaṃ samugghātako hotīti. Sacchikātabbabhāvena anuttarabhāvo yojetabbo. Sacchikiriyānibbattito hi taduttarikaraṇīyābhāvato anaññasādhāraṇatāya anuttaroti. Tathā ‘‘bhāvetvā’’ti etena saha pubbabhāgasīlādīhi sekkhā sīlasamādhipaññākkhandhā dassitā honti, ‘‘sacchikatvā’’ti etena saha asaṅkhatāya dhātuyā asekkhā sīlasamādhipaññākkhandhā dassitā hontīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ saṅkhepeneva sabbadhammaguṇehi saddhammaṃ abhitthavitvā, idāni ariyasaṅghaṃ thometuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sugatassā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">sugatassā</span>ti sambandhaniddeso, tassa ‘‘puttāna’’nti etena sambandho. <span class="bld">Orasāna</span>nti puttavisesanaṃ. <span class="bld">Mārasenamathanāna</span>nti <a name="P1.0015"></a> orasaputtabhāve kāraṇaniddeso, tena kilesappahānameva bhagavato orasaputtabhāvakāraṇaṃ anujānātīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhanna</span>nti gaṇanaparicchedaniddeso, tena ca satipi tesaṃ sattavisesabhāvena anekasatasahassasaṅkhyabhāve imaṃ gaṇanaparicchedaṃ nātivattantīti dasseti, maggaṭṭhaphalaṭṭhabhāvānativattanato. <span class="bld">Samūha</span>nti samudāyaniddeso. <span class="bld">Ariyasaṅgha</span>nti guṇavisiṭṭhasaṅghātabhāvaniddeso, tena asatipi ariyapuggalānaṃ kāyasāmaggiyaṃ ariyasaṅghabhāvaṃ dasseti, diṭṭhisīlasāmaññena saṃhatabhāvato. Tattha urasi bhavā jātā, saṃvaddhā ca orasā. Yathā hi sattānaṃ orasaputtā attajātatāya pitusantakassa dāyajjassa visesena bhāgino honti, evametepi ariyapuggalā sammāsambuddhassa savanante ariyāya jātiyā jātatāya bhagavato santakassa vimuttisukhassa, ariyadhammaratanassa ca ekantabhāginoti orasā viya <span class="bld">orasā.</span> Atha vā bhagavato dhammadesanānubhāvena ariyabhūmiṃ okkamamānā, okkantā ca ariyasāvakā bhagavato urovāyāmajanitābhijātatāya nippariyāyena ‘‘orasaputtā’’ti vattabbataṃ arahanti. Sāvakehi pavattiyamānāpi hi dhammadesanā bhagavato ‘‘dhammadesanā’’ icceva vuccati, taṃmūlakattā, lakkhaṇādivisesābhāvato ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadipi ariyasāvakānaṃ ariyamaggādhigamasamaye bhagavato viya tadantarāyakaraṇatthaṃ devaputtamāro<a name="V1.0012"></a>, māravāhinī vā na ekantena apasādeti, tehi pana apasādetabbatāya kāraṇe vimathite tepi vimathitā <a name="M1.0013"></a> eva nāma hontīti āha – <span class="bld">‘‘mārasenamathanāna’’</span>nti. Imasmiṃ panatthe ‘māramārasenamathanāna’nti vattabbe ‘‘mārasenamathanāna’’nti ekadesasarūpekaseso katoti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Atha vā khandhābhisaṅkhāramārānaṃ viya devaputtamārassāpi guṇamāraṇe <a name="P1.0016"></a> sahāyabhāvūpagamanato kilesabalakāyo ‘‘senā’’ti vuccati. Yathāha – ‘‘kāmā te paṭhamā senā’’tiādi (su. ni. 438; mahāni. 28, 68; cūḷani. 47). Sā ca tehi diyaḍḍhasahassabhedā, anantabhedā vā kilesavāhinī satidhammavicayavīriyasamathādiguṇapaharaṇehi odhiso vimathitā, vihatā, viddhastā cāti <span class="bld">mārasenamathanā,</span> ariyasāvakā. Etena tesaṃ bhagavato anujātaputtataṃ dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ārakattā kilesehi, anaye na iriyanato, aye ca iriyanato ariyā, niruttinayena. Atha vā sadevakena lokena ‘‘saraṇa’’nti araṇīyato upagantabbato, upagatānañca tadatthasiddhito ariyā, ariyānaṃ saṅghoti ariyasaṅgho, ariyo ca so, saṅgho cāti vā ariyasaṅgho, taṃ <span class="bld">ariyasaṅghaṃ.</span> Bhagavato aparabhāge buddhadhammaratanānampi samadhigamo saṅgharatanādhīnoti assa ariyasaṅghassa bahūpakārataṃ dassetuṃ idheva <span class="bld">‘‘sirasā vande’’</span>ti vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca ‘‘sugatassa orasānaṃ puttāna’’nti etena ariyasaṅghassa pabhavasampadaṃ dasseti, ‘‘mārasenamathanāna’’nti etena pahānasampadaṃ, sakalasaṃkilesappahānadīpanato. ‘‘Aṭṭhannampi samūha’’nti etena ñāṇasampadaṃ, maggaṭṭhaphalaṭṭhabhāvadīpanato. ‘‘Ariyasaṅgha’’nti etena pabhavasampadaṃ dasseti, sabbasaṅghānaṃ aggabhāvadīpanato. Atha vā ‘‘sugatassa orasānaṃ puttāna’’nti ariyasaṅghassa visuddhanissayabhāvadīpanaṃ, ‘‘mārasenamathanāna’’nti sammāujuñāyasāmīcippaṭipannabhāvadīpanaṃ, ‘‘aṭṭhannampi samūha’’nti āhuneyyādibhāvadīpanaṃ, ‘‘ariyasaṅgha’’nti anuttarapuññakkhettabhāvadīpanaṃ. Tathā ‘‘sugatassa orasānaṃ puttāna’’nti etena ariyasaṅghassa lokuttarasaraṇagamanasabbhāvaṃ dīpeti. Lokuttarasaraṇagamanena hi te bhagavato orasaputtā jātā. ‘‘Mārasenamathanāna’’nti <a name="P1.0017"></a> etena abhinīhārasampadāsiddhaṃ pubbabhāge sammāpaṭipattiṃ dasseti. Katābhinīhārā hi sammā paṭipannā māraṃ, māraparisaṃ vā abhivijinanti. ‘‘Aṭṭhannampi samūha’’nti etena <a name="M1.0014"></a> viddhastavipakkhe sekkhāsekkhadhamme dasseti, puggalādhiṭṭhānena maggaphaladhammānaṃ pakāsitattā. ‘‘Ariyasaṅgha’’nti aggadakkhiṇeyyabhāvaṃ dasseti. Saraṇagamanañca sāvakānaṃ sabbaguṇānamādi, sapubbabhāgappaṭipadā sekkhā sīlakkhandhādayo majjhe, asekkhā sīlakkhandhādayo <a name="V1.0013"></a> pariyosānanti ādimajjhapariyosānakalyāṇā saṅkhepato sabbe ariyasaṅghaguṇā pakāsitā honti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ gāthāttayena saṅkhepato sakalaguṇasaṅkittanamukhena ratanattayassa paṇāmaṃ katvā, idāni taṃ nipaccakāraṃ yathādhippete payojane pariṇāmento <span class="bld">‘‘iti me’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha ratijananaṭṭhena <span class="bld">ratanaṃ,</span> buddhadhammasaṅghā. Tesañhi ‘‘itipi so bhagavā’’tiādinā yathābhūtaguṇe āvajjantassa amatādhigamahetubhūtaṃ anappakaṃ pītipāmojjaṃ uppajjati. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Yasmiṃ, mahānāma, samaye ariyasāvako tathāgataṃ anussarati, nevassa tasmiṃ samaye rāgapariyuṭṭhitaṃ cittaṃ hoti, na dosapariyuṭṭhitaṃ cittaṃ hoti, na mohapariyuṭṭhitaṃ cittaṃ hoti, ujugatamevassa tasmiṃ samaye cittaṃ hoti tathāgataṃ ārabbha. Ujugatacitto kho pana, mahānāma, ariyasāvako labhati atthavedaṃ, labhati dhammavedaṃ, labhati dhammūpasaṃhitaṃ pāmojjaṃ, pamuditassa pīti jāyatī’’tiādi (a. ni. 6.10; a. ni. 11.11).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Cittīkatādibhāvo vā ratanaṭṭho. Vuttañhetaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Cittīkataṃ mahagghañca, atulaṃ dullabhadassanaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Anomasattaparibhogaṃ, ratanaṃ tena vuccatī’’ti. (khu. pā. aṭṭha. 6.3; dī. ni. aṭṭha. 2.33; su. ni. aṭṭha. 1.226; mahāni. aṭṭha. 50);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Cittīkatabhāvādayo <a name="P1.0018"></a> ca anaññasādhāraṇā buddhādīsu eva labbhantīti. Vandanāva <span class="bld">vandanāmayaṃ,</span> yathā ‘‘dānamayaṃ, sīlamaya’’nti (dī. ni. 3.305; itivu. 60; netti. 34). Vandanā cettha kāyavācācittehi tiṇṇaṃ ratanānaṃ guṇaninnatā, thomanā vā. Pujjabhavaphalanibbattanato <span class="bld">puññaṃ,</span> attano santānaṃ puṇātīti vā. <span class="bld">Suvihatantarāyo</span>ti suṭṭhu vihatantarāyo, etena attano pasādasampattiyā, rattanattayassa <a name="M1.0015"></a> ca khettabhāvasampattiyā taṃ puññaṃ atthappakāsanassa upaghātakaupaddavānaṃ vihanane samatthanti dasseti. <span class="bld">Hutvā</span>ti pubbakālakiriyā, tassa ‘‘atthaṃ pakāsayissāmī’’ti etena sambandho. <span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti yaṃ ratanattayavandanāmayaṃ puññaṃ, tassa. <span class="bld">Ānubhāvenā</span>ti balena.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ <a name="V1.0014"></a> ratanattayassa nipaccakārakaraṇe payojanaṃ dassetvā, idāni yassā dhammadesanāya atthaṃ saṃvaṇṇetukāmo, tassā tāva guṇābhitthavanavasena upaññāpanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘dīghassā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">dīghasuttaṅkitassā</span>ti dīghappamāṇasuttalakkhitassa, etena ‘‘dīgho’’ti ayaṃ imassa āgamassa atthānugatā samaññāti dasseti. Nanu ca suttāniyeva āgamo, kassa pana suttehi aṅkananti? Saccametaṃ paramatthato, suttāni pana upādāyapaññatto āgamo. Yathā hi atthabyañjanasamudāye ‘‘sutta’’nti vohāro, evaṃ suttasamudāye ‘‘āgamo’’ti vohāro. Paṭiccasamuppādādinipuṇatthasabbhāvato <span class="bld">nipuṇassa.</span> Āgamissanti ettha, etena, etasmā vā attatthaparatthādayoti āgamo, āgamo ca so varo cāti <span class="bld">āgamavaro,</span> āgamasammatehi vā varoti <span class="bld">āgamavaro,</span> tassa. Buddhānaṃ anubuddhā <span class="bld">buddhānubuddhā,</span> buddhānaṃ saccapaṭivedhaṃ anugamma paṭividdhasaccā aggasāvakādayo <a name="P1.0019"></a> ariyā. Tehi atthasaṃvaṇṇanāvasena, guṇasaṃvaṇṇanāvasena ca saṃvaṇṇitassa. Atha vā buddhā ca anubuddhā ca <span class="bld">buddhānubuddhā</span>ti yojetabbaṃ. Sammāsambuddheneva hi tiṇṇampi piṭakānaṃ atthavaṇṇanākkamo bhāsito, yā ‘‘pakiṇṇakadesanā’’ti vuccati, tato saṅgāyanādivasena sāvakehīti ācariyā vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saddhāvahaguṇassā</span>ti buddhādīsu pasādāvahasampattikassa. Ayañhi āgamo brahmajālādīsu (dī. ni. 1.5-7, 26-28) sīladiṭṭhādīnaṃ anavasesaniddesādivasena, mahāpadānādīsu (dī. ni. 2.3-5) purimabuddhānampi guṇaniddesādivasena, pāthikasuttādīsu (dī. ni. 3.3,4) titthiye nimadditvā appaṭivattiyasīhanāda nadanādivasena, anuttariyasuttādīsu (a. ni. 6.8) ca visesato buddhaguṇavibhāvanena ratanattaye sātisayappasādaṃ āvahati. Saṃvaṇṇanāsu cāyaṃ ācariyassa pakati, yā taṃtaṃsaṃvaṇṇanāsu ādito tassa tassa saṃvaṇṇetabbassa dhammassa visesaguṇakittanena thomanā. Tathā hi <span class="bld">papañcasūdanīsāratthappakāsinīmanorathapūraṇīsu aṭṭhasālinī</span>ādīsu ca yathākkamaṃ ‘‘paravādamathanassa ñāṇappabhedajananassa <a name="M1.0016"></a> dhammakathikapuṅgavānaṃ vicittappaṭibhānajananassa tassa gambhīrañāṇehi ogāḷhassa abhiṇhaso nānānayavicittassa abhidhammassā’’tiādinā thomanā katā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Attho kathīyati etāyāti atthakathā, sā eva <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathā,</span> ttha-kārassa <span class="bld">ṭṭha</span>-kāraṃ katvā, yathā ‘‘dukkhassa pīḷanaṭṭho’’ti (paṭi. ma. 2.8). <span class="bld">Ādito</span> tiādimhi paṭhamasaṅgītiyaṃ. Chaḷabhiññatāya paramena cittavasībhāvena samannāgatattā, jhānādīsu pañcavidhavasitāsabbhāvato <span class="bld">ca vasino,</span> therā mahākassapādayo. Tesaṃ <span class="bld">satehi pañcahi</span>. <span class="bld">Yā</span>ti yā aṭṭhakathā. <span class="bld">Saṅgītā</span>ti atthaṃ pakāsetuṃ yuttaṭṭhāne ‘‘ayaṃ etassa attho, ayaṃ etassa attho’’ti saṅgahetvā vuttā. <span class="bld">Anusaṅgītā</span> <a name="V1.0015"></a> ca yasattherādīhi <a name="P1.0020"></a> <span class="bld">pacchāpi</span> dutiyatatiyasaṅgītīsu, iminā attano saṃvaṇṇanāya āgamanasuddhiṃ dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sīhassa lānato gahaṇato <span class="bld">sīhaḷo,</span> sīhakumāro. Taṃvaṃsajātatāya tambapaṇṇidīpe khattiyānaṃ, tesaṃ nivāsatāya tambapaṇṇidīpassa ca sīhaḷabhāvo veditabbo. <span class="bld">Ābhatā</span>ti jambudīpato ānītā. <span class="bld">Athā</span>ti pacchā. Aparabhāge hi asaṅkaratthaṃ sīhaḷabhāsāya aṭṭhakathā ṭhapitāti. Tenassa mūlaṭṭhakathā sabbasādhāraṇā na hotīti idaṃ atthappakāsanaṃ ekantena karaṇīyanti dasseti. Tenevāha – <span class="bld">‘‘dīpavāsīnamatthāyā’’</span>ti. Tattha <span class="bld">dīpavāsīna</span>nti jambudīpavāsīnaṃ. <span class="bld">Dīpavāsīna</span>nti vā sīhaḷadīpavāsīnaṃ atthāya sīhaḷabhāsāya ṭhapitāti yojanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Apanetvānā</span>ti kañcukasadisaṃ sīhaḷabhāsaṃ apanetvā. <span class="bld">Tato</span>ti aṭṭhakathāto. <span class="bld">Aha</span>nti attānaṃ niddisati. <span class="bld">Manoramaṃ bhāsa</span>nti māgadhabhāsaṃ. Sā hi sabhāvaniruttibhūtā paṇḍitānaṃ manaṃ ramayatīti. Tenevāha – <span class="bld">‘‘tantinayānucchavika’’</span>nti, pāḷigatiyā anulomikaṃ pāḷibhāsāyānuvidhāyininti attho. <span class="bld">Vigatadosa</span>nti asabhāvaniruttibhāsantararahitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samayaṃ avilomento</span>ti siddhantaṃ avirodhento, etena atthadosābhāvamāha. Aviruddhattā eva hi theravādāpi idha pakāsiyissanti. <span class="bld">Theravaṃsapadīpāna</span>nti thirehi sīlakkhandhādīhi samannāgatattā therā, mahākassapādayo. Tehi āgatā ācariyaparamparā theravaṃso, tappariyāpannā <a name="M1.0017"></a> hutvā āgamādhigamasampannattā paññāpajjotena tassa samujjalanato <span class="bld">theravaṃsapadīpā,</span> mahāvihāravāsino therā, tesaṃ. Vividhehi ākārehi nicchīyatīti vinicchayo, gaṇṭhiṭṭhānesu khīlamaddanākārena pavattā vimaticchedakathā. Suṭṭhu nipuṇo saṇho vinicchayo etesanti <span class="bld">sunipuṇavinicchayā. </span> Atha vā vinicchinotīti vinicchayo, yathāvuttavisayaṃ ñāṇaṃ. Suṭṭhu nipuṇo cheko vinicchayo etesanti <span class="bld">sunipuṇavinicchayā,</span> etena mahākassapāditheraparamparābhato, tatoyeva ca aviparīto saṇhasukhumo mahāvihāravāsīnaṃ <a name="P1.0021"></a> vinicchayoti tassa pamāṇabhūtataṃ dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sujanassa cā</span>ti <span class="bld">ca</span>-saddo sampiṇḍanattho, tena na kevalaṃ jambudīpavāsīnameva atthāya, atha kho sādhujanatosanatthañcāti dasseti, tena ca tambapaṇṇidīpavāsīnampi atthāyāti ayamattho siddho hoti, uggahaṇādisukaratāya tesampi bahupakārattā. <span class="bld">Ciraṭṭhitattha</span>nti ciraṭṭhitiatthaṃ<a name="V1.0016"></a>, cirakālaṭṭhitiyāti attho. Idañhi atthappakāsanaṃ aviparītabyañjanasunikkhepassa atthasunayassa ca upāyabhāvato saddhammassa ciraṭṭhitiyā saṃvattati. Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Dveme, bhikkhave, dhammā saddhammassa ṭhitiyā asammosāya anantaradhānāya saṃvattanti. Katame dve? Sunikkhattañca padabyañjanaṃ, attho ca sunīto’’ti (a. ni. 2.21).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yaṃ atthavaṇṇanaṃ kattukāmo, tassā mahattaṃ pariharituṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sīlakathā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tenevāha – <span class="bld">‘‘na taṃ idha vicārayissāmī’’</span>ti. Atha vā yaṃ aṭṭhakathaṃ kattukāmo, tadekadesabhāvena visuddhimaggo ca gahetabboti kathikānaṃ upadesaṃ karonto tattha vicāritadhamme uddesavasena dasseti <span class="bld">‘‘sīlakathā’’</span> tiādinā. Tattha <span class="bld">sīlakathā</span>ti cārittavārittādivasena sīlavitthārakathā. <span class="bld">Dhutadhammā</span>ti piṇḍapātikaṅgādayo (visuddhi. 1.22; theragā. aṭṭha. 2.845, 849) terasa kilesadhunanakadhammā. <span class="bld">Kammaṭṭhānāni sabbānī</span>ti pāḷiyaṃ āgatāni aṭṭhatiṃsa, aṭṭhakathāyaṃ dveti niravasesāni yogakammassa bhāvanāya pavattiṭṭhānāni. <span class="bld">Cariyāvidhānasahito</span>ti rāgacaritādīnaṃ sabhāvādividhānena sahito. <span class="bld">Jhānāni</span> cattāri rūpāvacarajjhānāni, <span class="bld">samāpattiyo</span> <a name="M1.0018"></a> catasso arūpasamāpattiyo. Aṭṭhapi vā paṭiladdhamattāni <span class="bld">jhānāni,</span> samāpajjanavasībhāvappattiyā <span class="bld">samāpattiyo. Jhānāni</span> vā rūpārūpāvacarajjhānāni<a name="P1.0022"></a>, <span class="bld">samāpattiyo</span> phalasamāpattinirodhasamāpattiyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Lokiyalokuttarabhedā cha abhiññāyo <span class="bld">sabbā abhiññāyo.</span> Ñāṇavibhaṅgādīsu āgatanayena ekavidhādinā paññāya saṅkaletvā sampiṇḍetvā nicchayo <span class="bld">paññāsaṅkalananicchayo.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext">Paccayadhammānaṃ hetādīnaṃ paccayuppannadhammānaṃ hetupaccayādibhāvo paccayākāro, tassa desanā <span class="bld">paccayākāradesanā,</span> paṭiccasamuppādakathāti attho. Sā pana ghanavinibbhogassa sudukkaratāya saṇhasukhumā, nikāyantaraladdhisaṅkararahitā, ekattanayādisahitā ca tattha vicāritāti āha – <span class="bld">‘‘suparisuddhanipuṇanayā’’</span>ti. Paṭisambhidādīsu āgatanayaṃ avissajjetvāva vicāritattā <span class="bld">avimuttatanti maggā.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Iti</span> <a name="V1.0017"></a> <span class="bld">pana sabba</span>nti <span class="bld">iti</span>-saddo parisamāpane, <span class="bld">pana</span>-saddo vacanālaṅkāre, etaṃ sabbanti attho. <span class="bld">Idhā</span>ti imissā aṭṭhakathāyaṃ. <span class="bld">Na vicārayissāmi,</span> punaruttibhāvatoti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni tasseva avicāraṇassa ekantakāraṇaṃ niddhārento <span class="bld">‘‘majjhe visuddhimaggo’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">‘‘majjhe ṭhatvā’’</span>ti etena majjhebhāvadīpanena visesato catunnaṃ āgamānaṃ sādhāraṇaṭṭhakathā visuddhimaggo, na sumaṅgalavilāsinīādayo viya asādhāraṇaṭṭhakathāti dasseti. ‘‘Visesato’’ti idaṃ vinayābhidhammānampi visuddhimaggo yathārahaṃ atthavaṇṇanā hoti yevāti katvā vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Iccevā</span>ti iti eva. <span class="bld">Tampī</span>ti visuddhimaggampi. <span class="bld">Etāyā</span>ti sumaṅgalavilāsiniyā. Ettha ca ‘‘sīhaḷadīpaṃ ābhatā’’tiādinā atthappakāsanassa nimittaṃ dasseti, ‘‘dīpavāsīnamatthāya, sujanassa ca tuṭṭhatthaṃ, ciraṭṭhitatthañca dhammassā’’ti etena payojanaṃ, avasiṭṭhena karaṇappakāraṃ. Sīlakathādīnaṃ avicāraṇampi hi idha karaṇappakāro evāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Ganthārambhakathāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subsubhead">Nidānakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vibhāgavantānaṃ <a name="V1.0018"></a><a name="M1.0019"></a> sabhāvavibhāvanaṃ vibhāgadassanavaseneva hotīti paṭhamaṃ tāva vaggasuttavasena <a name="P1.0023"></a> vibhāgaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tattha dīghāgamo nāmā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">tatthā</span>ti ‘‘dīghassa āgamavarassa atthaṃ pakāsayissāmī’’ti yadidaṃ vuttaṃ, tasmiṃ vacane. Yassa atthaṃ pakāsayissāmīti paṭiññātaṃ, so <span class="bld">dīghāgamo nāma</span> vaggasuttavasena evaṃ vibhāgoti attho. Atha vā <span class="bld">tatthā</span>ti ‘‘dīghāgamanissitamattha’’nti etasmiṃ vacane. Yo dīghāgamo vutto, so vaggādivasena edisoti attho. Attano saṃvaṇṇanāya paṭhamamahāsaṅgītiyaṃ nikkhittānukkameneva pavattabhāvadassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tassa vaggesu…pe… vuttaṃ nidānamādī’’</span>ti āha. Kasmā pana catūsu āgamesu dīghāgamo paṭhamaṃ saṅgīto, tattha ca sīlakkhandhavaggo ādito nikkhitto, tasmiñca brahmajālanti? Nāyamanuyogo katthacipi na pavattati, api ca saddhāvahaguṇato dīghanikāyo paṭhamaṃ saṅgīto. Saddhā hi kusaladhammānaṃ bījaṃ. Yathāha – ‘‘saddhā bījaṃ tapo vuṭṭhī’’ti, (saṃ. ni. 1.197; su. ni. 77) saddhāvahaguṇatā cassa dassitāyeva. Kiñca katipayasuttasaṅgahato, appaparimāṇato ca gahaṇadhāraṇādisukhato. Tathāhesa catuttiṃsasuttasaṅgaho catusaṭṭhibhāṇavāraparimāṇo ca. Sīlakathābāhullato pana sīlakkhandhavaggo paṭhamaṃ nikkhitto. Sīlañhi sāsanassa ādi, sīlapatiṭṭhānattā sabbaguṇānaṃ. Tenevāha – ‘‘tasmā tiha, tvaṃ bhikkhu, ādimeva visodhehi kusalesu dhammesu. Ko cādi kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ? Sīlañca suvisuddha’’ntiādi (saṃ. ni. 5.395). Etena cassa vaggassa anvatthasaññatā vuttā hoti. Diṭṭhiviniveṭhanakathābhāvato pana suttantapiṭakassa niravasesadiṭṭhivibhajanaṃ brahmajālaṃ paṭhamaṃ nikkhittanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Tepiṭake hi buddhavacane brahmajālasadisaṃ diṭṭhigatāni niggumbaṃ nijjaṭaṃ katvā vibhattasuttaṃ natthīti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Paṭhamamahāsaṅgītikathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yassā <a name="V1.0019"></a><a name="P1.0024"></a> paṭhamamahāsaṅgītiyaṃ nikkhittānukkamena saṃvaṇṇanaṃ kattukāmo, taṃ, tassā ca tantiāruḷhāya idha vacane kāraṇaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘paṭhamamahāsaṅgīti…pe… veditabbā’’</span>ti āha. Tattha yathāpaccayaṃ tattha tattha desitattā<a name="M1.0020"></a>, paññattattā ca vippakiṇṇānaṃ dhammavinayānaṃ saṅgahetvā gāyanaṃ kathanaṃ saṅgīti, etena taṃtaṃsikkhāpadānaṃ suttānañca ādipariyosānesu, antarantarā ca sambandhavasena ṭhapitaṃ saṅgītikāravacanaṃ saṅgahitaṃ hoti. Mahāvisayattā, pūjanīyattā ca mahatī saṅgīti mahāsaṅgīti, paṭhamā mahāsaṅgīti paṭhamamahāsaṅgīti, tassā pavattikālo paṭhamamahāsaṅgītikālo, tasmiṃ <span class="bld">paṭhamamahāsaṅgītikāle. Nidāna</span>nti ca desanaṃ desakālādivasena aviditaṃ viditaṃ katvā nidassetīti nidānaṃ. Sattānaṃ dassanānuttariyasaraṇādipaṭilābhahetubhūtāsu vijjamānāsupi aññāsu bhagavato kiriyāsu ‘‘buddho bodheyya’’nti (bu. vaṃ. aṭṭha. ratanacaṅkamanakaṇḍavaṇṇanā; cariyā. uddhānagāthāvaṇṇanā) paṭiññāya anulomato veneyyānaṃ maggaphalappattīnaṃ hetubhūtā kiriyā nippariyāyena buddhakiccanti āha – <span class="bld">‘‘dhammacakkappavattanañhi ādiṃ katvā’’</span>ti. Tattha saddhindriyādidhammoyeva pavattanaṭṭhena cakkanti <span class="bld">dhammacakkaṃ.</span> Atha vā cakkanti āṇā, dhammato anapetattā dhammañca taṃ cakkañcāti <span class="bld">dhammacakkaṃ,</span> dhammena ñāyena cakkantipi <span class="bld">dhammacakkaṃ.</span> Yathāha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Dhammañca pavatteti cakkañcāti dhammacakkaṃ, cakkañca pavatteti dhammañcāti dhammacakkaṃ, dhammena pavattetīti dhammacakkaṃ, dhammacariyāya pavattetīti dhammacakka’’ntiādi (paṭi. ma. 2, 39, 41).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Katabuddhakicce’’</span>ti etena buddhakattabbassa kassacipi asesitabhāvaṃ dasseti. Nanu ca sāvakehi vinītāpi vineyyā <a name="P1.0025"></a> bhagavatāyeva vinītā honti, yato sāvakabhāsitaṃ suttaṃ ‘‘buddhavacana’’nti vuccati, sāvakavineyyā ca na tāva vinītāti? Nāyaṃ doso tesaṃ vinayanupāyassa sāvakesu ṭhapitattā. Tenevāha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Na tāvāhaṃ, pāpima, parinibbāyissāmi, yāva me bhikkhū na sāvakā bhavissanti viyattā vinītā visāradā bahussutā dhammadharā…pe… uppannaṃ parappavādaṃ saha <a name="V1.0020"></a> dhammena suniggahitaṃ niggahetvā sappāṭihāriyaṃ dhammaṃ desessa’’ntiādi (dī. ni. 2.168; saṃ. ni. 5.822; udā. 51).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Kusinārāya’’</span>ntiādi bhagavato parinibbutadesakālavisesadassanaṃ ‘‘aparinibbuto bhagavā’’ti gāhassa micchābhāvadassanatthaṃ, loke jātasaṃvaddhabhāvadassanatthañca<a name="M1.0021"></a>. Tathā hi manussabhāvassa supākaṭakaraṇatthaṃ mahābodhisattā carimabhave dārapariggahādīnipi karontīti. Upādīyate kammakilesehīti upādi, vipākakkhandhā kaṭattā ca rūpaṃ. So pana upādi kilesābhisaṅkhāramāranimmathanena nibbānappattiyaṃ anossaṭṭho, idha khandhamaccumāranimmathanena ossaṭṭho nissesitoti ayaṃ <span class="bld">anupādisesā,</span> nibbānadhātu. <span class="bld">Nibbānadhātū</span>ti cettha nibbutimattaṃ adhippetaṃ, itthambhūtalakkhaṇe cāyaṃ karaṇaniddeso. <span class="bld">‘‘Dhātubhājanadivase’’</span>ti idaṃ na ‘‘sannipatitāna’’nti etassa visesanaṃ, ussāhajananassa pana visesanaṃ, ‘‘dhātubhājanadivase bhikkhūnaṃ ussāhaṃ janesī’’ti. Dhātubhājanadivasato hi purimapurimataradivasesu bhikkhū samāgatāti. Atha vā dhātubhājanadivase <span class="bld">sannipatitānaṃ</span> kāyasāmaggīvasena sahitānanti attho. Saṅghassa thero <span class="bld">saṅghatthero,</span> so pana saṅgho kiṃ parimāṇānanti āha – <span class="bld">‘‘sattannaṃ bhikkhusatasahassāna’’</span>nti. Niccasāpekkhatāya hi edisesu samāso hotiyeva, yathā – ‘‘devadattassa garukula’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Āyasmā mahākassapo puna dullabhabhāvaṃ maññamāno bhikkhūnaṃ <a name="P1.0026"></a> ussāhaṃ janesīti sambandho. ‘‘Dhātubhājanadivase sannipatitāna’’nti idaṃ ‘‘bhikkhūnaṃ ussāhaṃ janesī’’ti ettha ‘‘bhikkhūna’’nti imināpi padena sambandhanīyaṃ. Subhaddena vuḍḍhapabbajitena vuttavacanamanussarantoti sambandho. Tattha <span class="bld">anussaranto</span> dhammasaṃvegavasenāti adhippāyo. ‘‘Saddhammaṃ antaradhāpeyyuṃ saṅgāyeyyaṃ…pe… ciraṭṭhitikaṃ tassa kimaññaṃ āṇaṇyaṃ bhavissatī’’ti etesaṃ padānaṃ ‘‘iti cintayanto’’ti etena sambandho. Tathā ‘‘yañcāha’’nti etassa ‘‘anuggahito pasaṃsito’’ti etena sambandho. <span class="bld">Yaṃ pāpabhikkhū</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">ya</span>nti nipātamattaṃ, kāraṇaniddeso vā, yena kāraṇena antaradhāpeyyuṃ, tadetaṃ kāraṇaṃ vijjatīti attho, <span class="bld">addhaniya</span>nti addhānamaggagāmi, addhānakkhamanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yañcāha</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">ya</span>nti yasmā, yena kāraṇenāti vuttaṃ hoti, kiriyāparāmasanaṃ vā etaṃ, tena ‘‘anuggahito pasaṃsito’’ti ettha anuggaṇhanaṃ pasaṃsanañca parāmasati. <span class="bld">‘‘Cīvare sādhāraṇaparibhogenā’’</span>ti ettha ‘‘attanā samasamaṭṭhapanenā’’ti idha attanā-saddaṃ ānetvā cīvare attanā <a name="V1.0021"></a><a name="M1.0022"></a> sādhāraṇaparibhogenāti yojetabbaṃ. Yassa yena hi sambandho dūraṭṭhampi ca tassa tanti atha vā bhagavatā cīvare sādhāraṇaparibhogena bhagavatā anuggahitoti yojanīyaṃ, etassāpi hi karaṇaniddesassa sahayogakattutthajotakattasambhavato. <span class="bld">Yāvade</span>ti yāvadeva, yattakaṃ kālaṃ, yattake vā samāpattivihāre, abhiññāvihāre vā ākaṅkhanto viharāmi ceva voharāmi ca, tathā kassapopīti attho. Idañca navānupubbavihārachaḷabhiññabhāvasāmaññena thutimattaṃ vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Na hi āyasmā mahākassapo bhagavā viya devasikaṃ catuvīsatikoṭisatasahassasaṅkhyā samāpattiyo samāpajjati, yamakapāṭihāriyādivasena vā abhiññāyo vaḷañjetīti. Tenevāha – ‘‘navānupubbavihārachaḷabhiññāppabhede’’ti<a name="P1.0027"></a>. <span class="bld">Tassa kimaññaṃ āṇaṇyaṃ bhavissati,</span> aññatra dhammavinayasaṅgāyanāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">‘‘Nanu maṃ bhagavā’’</span>tiādinā vuttamevatthaṃ upamāvasena vibhāveti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tato para</span>nti tato bhikkhūnaṃ ussāhajananato parato. <span class="bld">Pure adhammo dippatī</span>ti apināma dibbati, yāva adhammo dhammaṃ paṭibāhituṃ samattho hoti, tato puretaramevāti attho. Āsanne anicchite hi ayaṃ pure-saddo. <span class="bld">Dippatī</span>ti ca dippissati. Puresaddasanniyogena hi anāgatatthe ayaṃ vattamānappayogo, yathā – ‘‘purā vassati devo’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Sakalanavaṅgasatthusāsanapariyattidhare…pe… ekūnapañcasate pariggahesī’’</span>ti etena sukkhavipassakakhīṇāsavapariyantānaṃ yathāvuttapuggalānaṃ satipi āgamādhigamasabbhāve saha paṭisambhidāhi pana tevijjādiguṇayuttānaṃ āgamādhigamasampattiyā ukkaṃsagatattā saṅgītiyā bahupakārataṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Idaṃ vuttaṃ</span> saṅgītikkhandhake, (pārā. 437) <span class="bld">apaccakkhaṃ nāma natthi</span> paguṇappavattibhāvato, samantapāsādikāyaṃ pana ‘‘asammukhā paṭiggahitaṃ nāma natthī’’ti (pārā. aṭṭha. paṭhamamahāsaṅgītikathā) vuttaṃ, taṃ ‘‘dve sahassāni bhikkhuto’’ti vuttampi bhagavato santike paṭiggahitamevāti katvā vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Caturāsītisahassānī</span>ti dhammakkhandhe sandhāyāha. <span class="bld">Pavattino</span>ti paguṇāni. Ānandattherassa navappāyāya parisāya vibbhamanena mahākassapatthero evamāha – <span class="bld">‘‘na vāyaṃ kumārako mattamaññāsī’’</span>ti. Tattha <span class="bld">matta</span>nti pamāṇaṃ. Chandā āgamanaṃ viyāti padavibhāgo. <span class="bld">‘‘Kiñcāpi sekkho’’</span>ti idaṃ <a name="M1.0023"></a> na sekkhānaṃ agatigamanasabbhāvena vuttaṃ, asekkhānameva pana uccinitattāti daṭṭhabbaṃ<a name="P1.0028"></a>. Paṭhamamaggeneva hi cattāri agatigamanāni pahīyantīti. <span class="bld">‘‘Abhabbo chandā…pe… agatiṃ gantu’’</span>nti ca dhammasaṅgītiyā tassa yogyabhāvadassanena vijjamānaguṇakathanaṃ. <span class="bld">Pariyatto</span>ti adhīto.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Gāvo <a name="V1.0022"></a> caranti etthāti gocaro, gocaro viya <span class="bld">gocaro,</span> bhikkhācaraṇaṭṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Visabhāgapuggalo</span> subhaddasadiso. <span class="bld">Sattipañjara</span>nti sattikhaggādihatthehi purisehi mallarājūnaṃ bhagavato dhātuārakkhakaraṇaṃ sandhāyāha. <span class="bld">Taṃ palibodhaṃ chinditvā taṃ karaṇīyaṃ karotū</span>ti saṅgāhakena chinditabbaṃ chinditvā ekantakaraṇīyaṃ karotūti attho. <span class="bld">Mahājana</span>nti bahujanaṃ. <span class="bld">Gandhakuṭiṃ vanditvā</span> paribhogacetiyabhāvatoti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Yathā ta</span>nti yathā aññopi yathāvuttasabhāvo, evanti attho. <span class="bld">Saṃvejesī</span>ti ‘‘nanu bhagavatā paṭikacceva akkhātaṃ – ‘sabbeheva piyehi manāpehi nānābhāvo vinābhāvo’’’tiādinā (dī. ni. 2.183; saṃ. ni. 5.379; a. ni. 10.48; cūḷava. 437) saṃvegaṃ janesi. <span class="bld">Ussannadhātuka</span>nti upacitadosaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhesajjamattā</span>ti appakaṃ bhesajjaṃ. Appattho hi ayaṃ mattā-saddo, ‘‘mattāsukhapariccāgo’’tiādīsu (dha. pa. 290) viya. <span class="bld">Dutiyadivase</span>ti devatāya saṃvejitadivasato, jetavanavihāraṃ paviṭṭhadivasato vā dutiyadivase. Āṇāva cakkaṃ <span class="bld">āṇācakkaṃ.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Etadagga</span>nti eso aggo. Liṅgavipallāsena hi ayaṃ niddeso. <span class="bld">Yadida</span>nti ca yo ayaṃ, yadidaṃ khandhapañcakanti vā yojetabbaṃ. ‘‘Paṭhamaṃ <a name="P1.0029"></a> āvuso upāli pārājikaṃ kattha paññatta’’nti kasmā vuttaṃ, nanu tassa saṅgītiyā purimakāle paṭhamabhāvo na yuttoti? No na yutto, bhagavatā paññattānukkamena pātimokkhuddesānukkamena ca paṭhamabhāvassa siddhattā. Yebhuyyena hi tīṇi piṭakāni bhagavato dharamānakāle ṭhitānukkameneva saṅgītāni, visesato vinayābhidhammapiṭakānīti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Vatthumpi pucchī’’</span>tiādi ‘kattha paññatta’ntiādinā dassitena saha tadavasiṭṭhampi saṅgahetvā dassanavasena vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭhamapārājike</span>ti paṭhamapārājikapāḷiyaṃ (pārā. 24), tenevāha – <span class="bld">‘‘na hi tathāgatā ekabyañjanampi niratthakaṃ vadantī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Jātakādike <a name="M1.0024"></a> khuddakanikāyapariyāpanne, yebhuyyena ca dhammaniddesabhūte tādise abhidhammapiṭake saṅgaṇhituṃ yuttaṃ, na pana dīghanikāyādippakāre suttantapiṭake, nāpi paññattiniddesabhūte vinayapiṭaketi dīghabhāṇakā ‘‘jātakādīnaṃ abhidhammapiṭake saṅgaho’’ti vadanti. Cariyāpiṭakabuddhavaṃsānañcettha aggahaṇaṃ, jātakagatikattā. Majjhimabhāṇakā pana ‘‘aṭṭhuppattivasena desitānaṃ jātakādīnaṃ yathānulomadesanābhāvato tādise suttantapiṭake saṅgaho yutto, na pana sabhāvadhammaniddesabhūte yathādhammasāsane abhidhammapiṭake’’ti jātakādīnaṃ suttantapiṭakapariyāpannataṃ kathayanti. Tattha ca yuttaṃ vicāretvā gahetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ <a name="V1.0023"></a> nimittapayojanakāladesakārakakaraṇappakārehi paṭhamaṃ saṅgītiṃ dassetvā idāni tattha vavatthāpitasiddhesu dhammavinayesu nānappakārakosallatthaṃ ekavidhādibhede dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘evameta’’</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">vimuttirasa</span>nti vimuttiguṇaṃ, vimuttisampattikaṃ vā, aggaphalanipphādanato, vimuttikiccaṃ vā, kilesānaṃ <a name="P1.0030"></a> accantaṃ vimuttisampādanato. Keci pana ‘‘vimuttiassāda’’nti vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kiñcāpi avisesena sabbampi buddhavacanaṃ kilesavinayanena vinayo, yathānusiṭṭhaṃ paṭipajjamāne apāyapatanādito dhāraṇena dhammo, idhādhippete pana dhammavinaye niddhāretuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tattha vinayapiṭaka’’</span>ntiādimāha. <span class="bld">Avasesaṃ buddhavacanaṃ dhammo,</span> khandhādivasena sabhāvadhammadesanābāhullato. Atha vā yadipi dhammoyeva vinayopi, pariyattiyādibhāvato, vinayasaddasannidhāne pana bhinnādhikaraṇabhāvena payutto dhamma-saddo vinayatantividhuraṃ tantiṃ dīpeti yathā ‘‘puññañāṇasambhārā, gobalibaddha’’nti ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Anekajātisaṃsāra’’</span>nti ayaṃ gāthā bhagavatā attano sabbaññutañāṇapadaṭṭhānaṃ arahattappattiṃ paccavekkhantena ekūnavīsatimassa paccavekkhaṇañāṇassa anantaraṃ bhāsitā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘idaṃ paṭhamabuddhavacana’’</span>nti. Idaṃ kira sabbabuddhehi avijahitaṃ udānaṃ. Ayamassa saṅkhepattho – ahaṃ imassa attabhāvagehassa kārakaṃ taṇhāvaḍḍhakiṃ <span class="bld">gavesanto</span> yena ñāṇena taṃ daṭṭhuṃ sakkā, tassa bodhiñāṇassatthāya dīpaṅkarapādamūle katābhinīhāro <a name="M1.0025"></a> ettakaṃ kālaṃ <span class="bld">anekajātisaṃsāraṃ</span> anekajātisatasahassasaṅkhyaṃ saṃsāravaṭṭaṃ <span class="bld">anibbisaṃ</span> taṃ ñāṇaṃ avindanto alabhantoyeva <span class="bld">sandhāvissaṃ</span> saṃsariṃ. Yasmā jarāvyādhimaraṇamissatāya <span class="bld">jāti</span> nāmesā punappunaṃ upagantuṃ <span class="bld">dukkhā,</span> na ca sā tasmiṃ adiṭṭhe nivattati, tasmā taṃ gavesanto sandhāvissanti attho. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhosī</span>ti idāni mayā sabbaññutañāṇaṃ paṭivijjhantena diṭṭho asi. <span class="bld">Puna geha</span>nti puna imaṃ attabhāvasaṅkhātaṃ mama gehaṃ. <span class="bld">Na kāhasi</span> na karissasi. Tava <span class="bld">sabbā</span> avasesākilesa<span class="bld">phāsukā</span> mayā <span class="bld">bhaggā.</span> Imassa tayā katassa attabhāvagehassa <span class="bld">kūṭaṃ</span> avijjāsaṅkhātaṃ kaṇṇikamaṇḍalaṃ <span class="bld">visaṅkhataṃ</span> viddhaṃsitaṃ. <span class="bld">Visaṅkhāraṃ</span> nibbānaṃ ārammaṇakaraṇavasena <span class="bld">gataṃ</span> anupaviṭṭhaṃ idāni mama cittaṃ, ahañca <a name="P1.0031"></a> taṇhānaṃ khayasaṅkhātaṃ arahattamaggaṃ <span class="bld">ajjhagā</span> adhigato pattosmīti. Ayaṃ manasā pavattitadhammānamādi. <span class="bld">‘‘Yadā have pātubhavanti dhammā’’</span>ti (udā. 1, 2, 3) ayaṃ pana vācāya pavattitadhammānaṃ ādīti vadanti. Antojappanavasena kira bhagavā ‘‘anekajātisaṃsāra’’ntiādimāha (dha. pa. 153). <span class="bld">‘‘Pāṭipadadivase’’</span>ti idaṃ ‘‘sabbaññubhāvappattassā’’ti <a name="V1.0024"></a> na etena sambandhitabbaṃ, ‘‘paccavekkhantassa uppannā’’ti etena pana sambandhitabbaṃ. Visākhapuṇṇamāyameva hi bhagavā paccūsasamaye sabbaññutaṃ pattoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vayadhammā</span>ti aniccalakkhaṇamukhena dukkhānattalakkhaṇampi saṅkhārānaṃ vibhāveti ‘‘yadaniccaṃ taṃ dukkhaṃ, yaṃ dukkhaṃ tadanattā’’ti (saṃ. ni. 3.15; paṭi. ma. 2.10) vacanato. Lakkhaṇattayavibhāvananayeneva ca tadārammaṇaṃ vipassanaṃ dassento sabbatitthiyānaṃ avisayabhūtaṃ buddhāveṇikaṃ catusaccakammaṭṭhānādhiṭṭhānaṃ aviparītaṃ nibbānagāminippaṭipadaṃ pakāsetīti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Idāni tattha sammāpaṭipattiyaṃ niyojeti <span class="bld">‘‘appamādena sampādethā’’</span>ti. Atha vā <span class="bld">‘‘vayadhammā saṅkhārā’’</span>ti etena saṅkhepena saṃvejetvā <span class="bld">‘‘appamādena sampādethā’’</span>ti saṅkhepeneva niravasesaṃ sammāpaṭipattiṃ dasseti. Appamādapadañhi sikkhāttayasaṅgahitaṃ kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ sāsanaṃ pariyādiyitvā tiṭṭhatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭhamasaṅgītiyaṃ asaṅgītaṃ</span> saṅgītikkhandhakakathāvatthuppakaraṇādi. Keci pana ‘‘subhasuttampi (dī. ni. 1.444) paṭhamasaṅgītiyaṃ asaṅgīta’’nti vadanti, taṃ pana na yujjati. Paṭhamasaṅgītito <a name="M1.0026"></a> puretarameva hi āyasmatā ānandena jetavane viharantena subhassa māṇavassa bhāsitanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Daḷhikammasithilīkaraṇappayojanā</span> yathākkamaṃ pakatisāvajjapaṇṇattisāvajjesu sikkhāpadesu. <span class="bld">Tenā</span>ti vividhanayattādinā. <span class="bld">Eta</span>nti vividhavisesanayattāti gāthāvacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Etassā</span>ti vinayassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Attatthaparatthādibhede</span>ti <a name="P1.0032"></a> yo taṃ suttaṃ sajjhāyati, suṇāti, vāceti, cinteti, deseti ca, suttena saṅgahito sīlādiattho tassāpi hoti, tena parassa sādhetabbato parassāpi hotīti, tadubhayaṃ taṃ suttaṃ <span class="bld">sūceti</span> dīpeti. Tathā diṭṭhadhammikasamparāyikaṃ lokiyalokuttarañcāti evamādibhede atthe <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Attha</span>-saddo cāyaṃ hitapariyāyavacanaṃ, na bhāsitatthavacanaṃ, yadi siyā, suttaṃ attanopi bhāsitatthaṃ sūceti, parassāpīti ayamattho vutto siyā. Suttena ca yo attho pakāsito so tasseva hotīti, na tena parattho sūcito hoti, tena sūcetabbassa paratthassa nivattetabbassa abhāvā atthagahaṇañca na kattabbaṃ. Attatthaparatthavinimmuttassa bhāsitatthassa abhāvā ādiggahaṇañca na kattabbaṃ. Tasmā yathāvuttassa hitapariyāyassa atthassa sutte asambhavato suttadhārassa puggalassa vasena attatthaparatthā vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha <a name="V1.0025"></a> vā suttaṃ anapekkhitvā ye attatthādayo atthappabhedā vuttā ‘‘na haññadatthatthipasaṃsalābhā’’ti etassa padassa niddese (mahāni. 63; cūḷani. 85) ‘‘attattho, parattho, ubhayattho, diṭṭhadhammiko attho, samparāyiko attho, uttāno attho, gambhīro attho, gūḷho attho, paṭicchanno attho, neyyo attho, nīto attho, anavajjo attho, nikkileso attho, vodāno attho, paramattho’’ti te suttaṃ sūcetīti attho. Imasmiṃ atthavikappe <span class="bld">attha</span>-saddo bhāsitatthapariyāyopi hoti. Ettha hi purimakā pañca atthappabhedā hitapariyāyā, tato pare cha bhāsitatthabhedā, pacchimakā pana ubhayasabhāvā. Tattha duradhigamatāya vibhāvane aladdhagādho <span class="bld">gambhīro. </span> Na vivaṭo <span class="bld">gūḷho.</span> Mūludakādayo viya paṃsunā akkharasannivesādinā tirohito <span class="bld">paṭicchanno</span><a name="M1.0027"></a>. Niddhāretvā <a name="P1.0033"></a> ñāpetabbo <span class="bld">neyyo.</span> Yathārutavasena veditabbo <span class="bld">nīto. Anavajjanikkilesavodānā</span> pariyāyavasena vuttā, kusalavipākakiriyādhammavasena vā. <span class="bld">Paramattho</span> nibbānaṃ, dhammānaṃ aviparītasabhāvo eva vā. Atha vā ‘‘attanā ca appiccho hotī’’ti attatthaṃ, ‘‘appicchākathañca paresaṃ kattā hotī’’ti paratthaṃ sūceti. Evaṃ ‘‘attanā ca pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hotī’’tiādi (a. ni. 4.99, 265) suttāni yojetabbāni. Vinayābhidhammehi ca visesetvā sutta-saddassa attho vattabbo. Tasmā veneyyajjhāsayavasappavattāya desanāya attahitaparahitatādīni sātisayaṃ pakāsitāni hoti tapparabhāvato, na āṇādhammasabhāvavasappavattāyāti idameva ca <span class="bld">‘‘atthānaṃ sūcanato sutta’’</span>nti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sutte ca āṇādhammasabhāvā ca veneyyajjhāsayaṃ anuvattanti, na vinayābhidhammesu viya veneyyajjhāsayo āṇādhammasabhāve. Tasmā veneyyānaṃ ekantahitapaṭilābhasaṃvattanikā suttantadesanā hotīti <span class="bld">‘‘suvuttā cetthā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Pasavatī</span>ti phalati. <span class="bld">‘‘Suttāṇā’’</span>ti etassa atthaṃ pakāsetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘suṭṭhu ca ne tāyatī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Attatthādividhānesu ca suttassa pamāṇabhāvo, attatthādīnañca saṅgāhakattaṃ yojetabbaṃ tadatthappakāsanapadhānattā suttassa. Vinayābhidhammehi visesanañca yojetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Eta</span>nti ‘‘atthānaṃ sūcanato’’tiādikaṃ atthavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Etassā</span>ti suttassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Abhikkamantī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">abhi</span>-saddo kamanakiriyāya vuddhibhāvaṃ atirekataṃ dīpeti, <span class="bld">abhiññātā abhilakkhitā</span>ti ettha ñāṇalakkhaṇakiriyānaṃ supākaṭatāvisesaṃ, <span class="bld">abhikkantenā</span>ti <a name="P1.0034"></a> ettha kantiyā adhikattaṃ visiṭṭhatanti yuttaṃ kiriyāvisesakattā upasaggassa. <span class="bld">Abhirājā abhivinaye</span>ti pana pūjitaparicchinnesu rājavinayesu <span class="bld">abhi</span>-saddo pavattatīti kathametaṃ yujjeyyāti<a name="V1.0026"></a>? Pūjanaparicchedanakiriyādīpanato, tāhi ca kiriyāhi rājavinayānaṃ yuttattā. Ettha hi atimālādīsu ati-saddo viya, abhi-saddo yathā saha sādhanena kiriyaṃ vadatīti abhirājaabhivinaya-saddā siddhā, evaṃ abhidhammasadde abhi-saddo saha sādhanena vuḍḍhiyādikiriyaṃ dīpetīti ayamattho dassitoti daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bhāvanāpharaṇavuḍḍhīhi <a name="M1.0028"></a> <span class="bld">vuḍḍhimantopi dhammā vuttā. Ārammaṇādīhī</span>ti ārammaṇasampayuttakammadvārapaṭipadādīhi. <span class="bld">Avisiṭṭha</span>nti aññamaññavisiṭṭhesu vinayasuttābhidhammesu avisiṭṭhaṃ samānaṃ. Taṃ piṭakasaddanti attho. <span class="bld">Yathāvuttenā</span>ti ‘‘evaṃ duvidhatthenā’’tiādinā vuttappakārena.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathetabbānaṃ atthānaṃ desakāyattena āṇādividhinā atisajjanaṃ pabodhanaṃ <span class="bld">desanā.</span> Sāsitabbapuggalagatena yathāparādhādisāsitabbabhāvena anusāsanaṃ vinayanaṃ <span class="bld">sāsanaṃ.</span> Kathetabbassa saṃvarāsaṃvarādino atthassa kathanaṃ vacanapaṭibaddhatākaraṇaṃ <span class="bld">kathā.</span> Kathīyati vā etthāti <span class="bld">kathā.</span> Saṃvarāsaṃvarassa kathā <span class="bld">saṃvarāsaṃvarakathā.</span> Esa nayo itaresupi. <span class="bld">Bheda</span>-saddo visuṃ visuṃ yojetabbo ‘‘desanābhedaṃ sāsanabhedaṃ kathābhedañca yathārahaṃ paridīpaye’’ti. <span class="bld">Bheda</span>nti ca nānattanti attho. Sikkhā ca pahānāni ca gambhīrabhāvo ca <span class="bld">sikkhāppahānagambhīrabhāvaṃ,</span> tañca paridīpaye. Ettha <span class="bld">yathā</span>ti upārambhanissaraṇadhammakosarakkhaṇahetupariyāpuṇanaṃ <a name="P1.0035"></a> suppaṭipatti duppaṭipattīti etehi pakārehi. Āṇaṃ paṇetuṃ arahatīti <span class="bld">āṇāraho</span> sammāsambuddhattā. Vohāraparamatthānampi sabbhāvato āha <span class="bld">āṇābāhullato</span>ti. Ito paresupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Pacurāparādhā</span> seyyasakādayo. <span class="bld">Ajjhāsayo</span> āsayova atthato diṭṭhi, ñāṇañca. Vuttañcetaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Sassatucchedadiṭṭhi ca, khanti cevānulomike;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Yathābhūtañca yaṃ ñāṇaṃ, etaṃ āsayasaddita’’nti. (visuddhi. ṭī. 1.136);</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anusayā</span> kāmarāgabhavarāgadiṭṭhipaṭighavicikicchāmānāvijjāvasena satta anāgatā kilesā, atītā paccuppannā ca tatheva vuccanti. Na hi kālabhedena dhammānaṃ sabhāvabhedo atthīti. <span class="bld">Cariyā</span>ti cha mūlacariyā, antarabhedena anekavidhā, saṃsaggavasena tesaṭṭhi honti. Te pana amhehi <span class="bld">asammohantaradhānasuttaṭīkāyaṃ</span> vibhāgato dassitā, atthikehi tato gahetabbā. Atha vā <span class="bld">cariyā</span>ti caritaṃ, taṃ sucaritaduccaritavasena duvidhaṃ. <span class="bld">Adhimutti</span> nāma sattānaṃ pubbaparicayavasena abhiruci, sā duvidhā hīnapaṇītabhedena. Ghanavinibbhogābhāvato diṭṭhimānataṇhāvasena <a name="V1.0027"></a> <span class="bld">‘‘ahaṃ mamā’’ti saññino.</span> Mahanto saṃvaro <span class="bld">asaṃvaro.</span> Buddhiattho hi aya’makāro yathā ‘‘asekkhā dhammā’’ti (dha. sa. 11).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tīsupi</span> <a name="M1.0029"></a> <span class="bld">cetesu ete dhammatthadesanā paṭivedhā</span>ti ettha tantiattho tantidesanā tantiatthapaṭivedho ca tantivisayā hontīti vinayapiṭakādīnaṃ atthadesanāpaṭivedhādhārabhāvo <a name="P1.0036"></a> yutto, piṭakāni pana tanti yevāti tesaṃ dhammādhārabhāvo kathaṃ yujjeyyāti? Tantisamudāyassa avayavatantiyā ādhārabhāvato. Avayavassa hi samudāyo ādhārabhāvena vuccati, yathā – ‘‘rukkhe sākhā’’ti. Dhammādīnañca dukkhogāhabhāvato tehi vinayādayo gambhīrāti vinayādīnañca catubbidho gambhīrabhāvo vutto. Tasmā dhammādayo eva dukkhogāhattā gambhīrā, na vinayādayoti na codetabbametaṃ samukhena, visayavisayīmukhena ca vinayādīnaṃyeva gambhīrabhāvassa vuttattā. Dhammo hi vinayādayo, tesaṃ visayo attho, dhammatthavisayā ca desanāpaṭivedhoti. Tattha paṭivedhassa dukkarabhāvato dhammatthānaṃ, desanāñāṇassa dukkarabhāvato desanāya ca dukkhogāhabhāvo veditabbo, paṭivedhassa pana uppādetuṃ asakkuṇeyyattā, tabbisayañāṇuppattiyā ca dukkarabhāvato dukkhogāhatā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Hetumhi ñāṇaṃ dhammapaṭisambhidā’’</span>ti etena vacanena dhammassa hetubhāvo kathaṃ ñātabboti? <span class="bld">‘‘Dhammapaṭisambhidā’’</span>ti etassa samāsapadassa avayavapadatthaṃ dassentena <span class="bld">‘‘hetumhi ñāṇa’’</span>nti vuttattā. ‘‘Dhamme paṭisambhidā’’ti ettha hi ‘‘dhamme’’ti etassa atthaṃ dassentena ‘‘hetumhī’’ti vuttaṃ, ‘‘paṭisambhidā’’ti etassa ca atthaṃ dassentena ‘‘ñāṇa’’nti. Tasmā hetudhamma-saddā ekatthā, ñāṇapaṭisambhidā-saddā cāti imamatthaṃ vadantena sādhito dhammassa hetubhāvo, atthassa hetuphalabhāvo ca evameva daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yathādhamma</span>nti cettha <span class="bld">dhamma</span>-saddo hetuṃ hetuphalañca sabbaṃ saṅgaṇhāti. Sabhāvavācako hesa, na pariyattihetubhāvavācako, tasmā <span class="bld">yathādhamma</span>nti yo yo avijjāsaṅkhārādidhammo<a name="P1.0037"></a>, tasmiṃ tasminti attho. Dhammānurūpaṃ vā <span class="bld">yathādhammaṃ.</span> Desanāpi hi paṭivedho viya aviparītasavisayavibhāvanato dhammānurūpaṃ pavattati, yato ‘aviparītābhilāpo’ti vuccati. <span class="bld">Dhammābhilāpo</span>ti atthabyañjanako aviparītābhilāpo, etena ‘‘tatra dhammaniruttābhilāpe ñāṇaṃ niruttipaṭisambhidā’’ti (vibha. 718) ettha vuttaṃ sabhāvadhammaniruttiṃ dasseti, saddasabhāvattā desanāya. Tathā hi niruttipaṭisambhidāya <a name="M1.0030"></a> parittārammaṇādibhāvo <span class="bld">paṭisambhidāvibhaṅgapāḷiyaṃ</span> (vibha. 749) vutto. Aṭṭhakathāyañca ‘‘taṃ sabhāvaniruttiṃ saddaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā’’tiādinā (vibha. aṭṭha. 642) saddārammaṇatā <a name="V1.0028"></a> dassitā. ‘‘Imassa atthassa ayaṃ saddo vācako’’ti vacanavacanīye vavatthapetvā taṃtaṃvacanīya vibhāvanavasena pavattito hi saddo desanāti. <span class="bld">‘‘Anulomādivasena vā kathana’’</span>nti etena tassā dhammaniruttiyā abhilāpaṃ kathanaṃ tassa vacanassa pavattanaṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">‘‘Adhippāyo’’</span>ti etena ‘‘desanāti paññattī’’ti etaṃ vacanaṃ dhammaniruttābhilāpaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ, na tabbinimuttaṃ paññattiṃ sandhāyāti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nanu ca ‘‘dhammo tantī’’ti imasmiṃ pakkhe dhammassa saddasabhāvattā dhammadesanānaṃ viseso na siyāti? Na, tesaṃ tesaṃ atthānaṃ bodhakabhāvena ñāto, uggahaṇādivasena ca pubbe vavatthāpito saddappabandho dhammo, pacchā paresaṃ avabodhanatthaṃ pavattito tadatthappakāsako <a name="P1.0038"></a> saddo desanāti. Atha vā yathāvuttasaddasamuṭṭhāpako cittuppādo desanā, musāvādādayo viya. ‘‘Vacanassa pavattana’’nti ca yathāvuttacittuppādavasena yujjati. So hi vacanaṃ pavatteti, tañca tena pavattīyati desīyati. ‘‘So ca lokiyalokuttaro’’ti evaṃ vuttaṃ abhisamayaṃ yena pakārena abhisameti, yaṃ abhisameti, yo ca tassa sabhāvo, tehi pākaṭaṃ kātuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘visayato asammohato ca atthānurūpaṃ dhammesū’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha hi visayato atthādianurūpaṃ dhammādīsu avabodho avijjādidhammasaṅkhārādiatthatadubhayapaññāpanārammaṇo <span class="bld">lokiyo abhisamayo,</span> asammohato atthādianurūpaṃ dhammādīsu avabodho nibbānārammaṇo maggasampayutto yathāvuttadhammatthapaññattīsu sammohaviddhaṃsano <span class="bld">lokuttaro abhisamayo</span>ti. Abhisamayato aññampi paṭivedhatthaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tesaṃ tesaṃ vā’’</span>tiādimāha. ‘Paṭivedhanaṃ paṭivedho’ti iminā hi vacanatthena abhisamayo, ‘paṭivijjhīyatīti paṭivedho’ti iminā taṃtaṃrūpādidhammānaṃ aviparītasabhāvo ca ‘‘paṭivedho’’ti vuccatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathāvuttehi dhammādīhi piṭakānaṃ gambhīrabhāvaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘idāni yasmā etesu piṭakesū’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Yo cetthā</span>ti etesu taṃtaṃpiṭakagatesu dhammādīsu yo paṭivedho, etesu ca piṭakesu tesaṃ tesaṃ dhammānaṃ yo aviparītasabhāvoti yojetabbaṃ. Dukkhogāhatā ca avijjāsaṅkhārādīnaṃ <a name="M1.0031"></a> dhammatthānaṃ duppaṭivijjhatāya, tesaṃ paññāpanassa dukkarabhāvato taṃdesanāya, paṭivedhanasaṅkhātassa paṭivedhassa uppādanavisayikaraṇānaṃ asakkuṇeyyattā, aviparītasabhāvasaṅkhātassa paṭivedhassa duviññeyyatāya eva veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ya</span>nti <a name="P1.0039"></a> yaṃ pariyattiduggahaṇaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Attha</span>nti bhāsitatthaṃ, payojanatthañca. <span class="bld">Na upaparikkhantī</span>ti na vicārenti. <span class="bld">Na nijjhānaṃ khamantī</span>ti nijjhānapaññaṃ nakkhamanti, nijjhāyitvā <a name="V1.0029"></a> paññāya disvā rocetvā gahetabbā na hontīti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Itī</span>ti evaṃ etāya pariyattiyā. <span class="bld">Vādappamokkhānisaṃsā</span> attano upari parehi āropitavādassa niggahassa pamokkhappayojanā hutvā dhammaṃ pariyāpuṇanti, <span class="bld">vādappamokkhā</span> vā nindāpamokkhā. <span class="bld">Yassa catthāyā</span>ti yassa ca sīlādipūraṇassa anupādāvimokkhassa vā atthāya <span class="bld">dhammaṃ pariyāpuṇanti</span> ñāyena pariyāpuṇantīti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti assa dhammassa. <span class="bld">Nānubhontī</span>ti na vindanti. Tesaṃ te dhammā duggahitattā upārambhamānadabbamakkhapalāsādihetubhāvena <span class="bld">dīgharattaṃ ahitāya dukkhāya saṃvattanti.</span> Bhaṇḍāgāre niyutto bhaṇḍāgāriko, bhaṇḍāgāriko viya bhaṇḍāgāriko, dhammaratanānupālako. Aññatthaṃ anapekkhitvā bhaṇḍāgārikasseva sato pariyatti <span class="bld">bhaṇḍāgārikapariyatti.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Tāsaṃyevā’’</span>ti avadhāraṇaṃ pāpuṇitabbānaṃ chaḷabhiññācatuppaṭisambhidādīnaṃ vinaye pabhedavacanābhāvaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Verañjakaṇḍe</span> (pārā. 12) hi tisso vijjāva vibhattā. Dutiye pana <span class="bld">‘‘tāsaṃyevā’’</span>ti avadhāraṇaṃ catasso paṭisambhidā apekkhitvā kataṃ, na tisso vijjā. Tā hi chasu abhiññāsu antogadhāti sutte vibhattā yevāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Duggahitaṃ gaṇhāti,</span> ‘‘tathāhaṃ bhagavatā dhammaṃ desitaṃ ājānāmi, yathā tadevidaṃ viññāṇaṃ sandhāvati saṃsarati anañña’’ntiādinā (ma. ni. 1.396). <span class="bld">Dhammacinta</span>nti <a name="P1.0040"></a> dhammasabhāvavicāraṇaṃ, ‘‘cittuppādamatteneva dānaṃ hoti, sayameva cittaṃ attano ārammaṇaṃ hoti, sabbaṃ cittaṃ asabhāvadhammārammaṇa’’nti ca evamādi. <span class="bld">Tesa</span>nti tesaṃ piṭakānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Eta</span>nti etaṃ buddhavacanaṃ. Atthānulomato <span class="bld">anulomiko. </span> Anulomikataṃyeva vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kasmā panā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ekanikāyampī</span>ti ekasamūhampi<a name="M1.0032"></a>. Poṇikā cikkhallikā ca khattiyā, tesaṃ nivāso <span class="bld">poṇikanikāyo cikkhallikanikāyo</span> ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Navappabheda</span>nti ettha kathaṃ navappabhedaṃ? Sagāthakañhi suttaṃ geyyaṃ, niggāthakañca suttaṃ veyyākaraṇaṃ, tadubhayavinimuttañca suttaṃ udānādivisesasaññārahitaṃ natthi, yaṃ suttaṅgaṃ siyā, maṅgalasuttādīnañca (khu. pā. 5.2; su. ni. 225) suttaṅgasaṅgaho na siyā, gāthābhāvato, dhammapadādīnaṃ viya, geyyaṅgasaṅgaho vā siyā, sagāthakattā, sagāthavaggassa viya, tathā ubhatovibhaṅgādīsu sagāthakappadesānanti? Vuccate –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Suttanti <a name="V1.0030"></a> sāmaññavidhi, visesavidhayo pare;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sanimittā niruḷhattā sahatāññena nāññato’’. (sārattha. ṭī. 1.paṭhamamahāsaṅgītikathāvaṇṇanā);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sabbassāpi hi buddhavacanassa <span class="bld">suttanti</span> ayaṃ <span class="bld">sāmaññavidhi.</span> Tenevāha āyasmā mahākaccāno nettiyaṃ – ‘‘navavidhasuttantapariyeṭṭhī’’ti (netti. saṅgahavāra). ‘‘Ettakaṃ tassa bhagavato suttāgataṃ suttapariyāpannaṃ (pāci. 255, 1242), sakavāde pañcasuttasatānī’’ti (dha. sa. aṭṭha. nidānakathā; kathā. aṭṭha. nidānakathā) evamādi ca etassa atthassa sādhakaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Visesavidhayo</span> <a name="P1.0041"></a> <span class="bld">pare sanimittā</span> tadekadesesu geyyādayo visesavidhayo tena tena nimittena patiṭṭhitā. Tathā hi geyyassa sagāthakattaṃ tabbhāvanimittaṃ. Lokepi hi sasilokaṃ sagāthakaṃ (netti. aṭṭha. 13) cuṇṇiyaganthaṃ ‘geyya’nti vadanti. Gāthāvirahe pana sati pucchaṃ katvā vissajjanabhāvo veyyākaraṇassa tabbhāvanimittaṃ. Pucchāvissajjanañhi ‘byākaraṇa’nti vuccati, byākaraṇameva veyyākaraṇaṃ. Evaṃ sante sagāthakādīnampi pucchaṃ katvā vissajjanavasena pavattānaṃ veyyākaraṇabhāvo āpajjatīti? Nāpajjati, geyyādisaññānaṃ anokāsabhāvato, ‘gāthāvirahe satī’ti visesitattā ca. Tathā hi dhammapadādīsu kevalaṃ gāthābandhesu, sagāthakattepi somanassañāṇamayikagāthāyuttesu, ‘vuttañheta’ntiādivacanasambandhesu, abbhutadhammapaṭisaṃyuttesu ca suttavisesesu yathākkamaṃ gāthāudānaitivuttakaabbhutadhammasaññā patiṭṭhitā, tathā satipi <a name="M1.0033"></a> gāthābandhabhāve bhagavato atītāsu jātīsu cariyānubhāvappakāsakesu jātakasaññā, satipi pañhāvissajjanabhāve, sagāthakatte ca kesuci suttantesu vedassa labhāpanato vedallasaññā patiṭṭhitāti evaṃ tena tena sagāthakattādinā nimittena tesu tesu suttavisesesu geyyādisaññā patiṭṭhitāti visesavidhayo suttaṅgato pare geyyādayo. Yaṃ panettha geyyaṅgādinimittarahitaṃ, taṃ suttaṅgaṃ visesasaññāparihārena sāmaññasaññāya pavattanatoti. Nanu ca sagāthakaṃ suttaṃ geyyaṃ, niggāthakaṃ suttaṃ veyyākaraṇanti suttaṅgaṃ na sambhavatīti codanā tadavatthā vāti? Na tadavatthā, sodhitattā. Sodhitañhi pubbe gāthāvirahe sati pucchāvissajjanabhāvo veyyākaraṇassa tabbhāvanimittanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yañca vuttaṃ – ‘‘gāthābhāvato maṅgalasuttādīnaṃ (khu. pā. 5.1, 2, 3) suttaṅgasaṅgaho <a name="P1.0042"></a> na siyā’’ti, taṃ na, <span class="bld">niruḷhattā. </span> Niruḷho hi maṅgalasuttādīnaṃ suttabhāvo. Na hi tāni dhammapadabuddhavaṃsādayo <a name="V1.0031"></a> viya gāthābhāvena paññātāni, atha kho suttabhāvena. Teneva hi aṭṭhakathāyaṃ ‘‘suttanāmaka’’nti nāmaggahaṇaṃ kataṃ. Yañca pana vuttaṃ – ‘‘sagāthakattā geyyaṅgasaṅgaho siyā’’ti, tadapi natthi, yasmā <span class="bld">sahatāññena.</span> Saha gāthāhīti hi sagāthakaṃ. Sahabhāvo nāma atthato aññena hoti, na ca maṅgalasuttādīsu kathāvinimutto koci suttapadeso atthi, yo ‘saha gāthāhī’ti vucceyya, na ca samudāyo nāma koci atthi, yadapi vuttaṃ – ‘‘ubhatovibhaṅgādīsu sagāthakappadesānaṃ geyyaṅgasaṅgaho siyā’’ti tadapi na, aññato. Aññā eva hi tā gāthā jātakādipariyāpannattā. Ato na tāhi ubhatovibhaṅgādīnaṃ geyyaṅgabhāvoti. Evaṃ suttādīnaṃ aṅgānaṃ aññamaññasaṅkarābhāvo veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Ayaṃ dhammo…pe… ayaṃ vinayo, imāni caturāsīti dhammakkhandhasahassānī’’ti buddhavacanaṃ dhammavinayādibhedena vavatthapetvā saṅgāyantena mahākassapappamukhena vasigaṇena anekacchariyapātubhāvapaṭimaṇḍitāya saṅgītiyā imassa dīghāgamassa paṭhamamajjhimabuddhavacanādibhāvo vavatthāpitoti dasseti, <span class="bld">‘‘evametaṃ abhedato’’</span>tiādinā.</p>
<p class="centered">Nidānakathāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter"><a name="dn1_1"></a>1. Brahmajālasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">Paribbājakakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ <a name="P1.0043"></a><a name="V1.0032"></a><a name="M1.0034"></a> paṭhamamahāsaṅgītiṃ dassetvā yadatthaṃ sā idha dassitā, idāni taṃ nigamanavasena dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘imissā’’</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para1"></a><a name="para1_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">1</span>. Ettāvatā ca brahmajālassa sādhāraṇato bāhiranidānaṃ dassetvā idāni abbhantaranidānaṃ saṃvaṇṇetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tattha eva’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Atha vā chahi ākārehi saṃvaṇṇanā kātabbā sambandhato padato padavibhāgato padatthato anuyogato parihārato cāti. Tattha <span class="bld">sambandho</span> nāma desanāsambandho. Yaṃ lokiyā ‘‘ummugghāto’’ti vadanti. So pana pāḷiyā nidānapāḷivasena, nidānapāḷiyā pana saṅgītivasena veditabboti paṭhamamahāsaṅgītiṃ dassentena nidānapāḷiyā sambandhassa dassitattā padādivasena saṃvaṇṇanaṃ karonto <span class="bld">‘‘evanti nipātapada’’</span>ntiādimāha. <span class="bld">‘‘Metiādīnī’’</span>ti ettha antarā-sadda-ca-saddānaṃ nipātapadabhāvo, vattabbo, na vā vattabbo tesaṃ nayaggahaṇena gahitattā, tadavasiṭṭhānaṃ āpaṭi-saddānaṃ ādi-saddena saṅgaṇhanato. <span class="bld">‘‘Padavibhāgo’’</span>ti padānaṃ viseso, na pana padaviggaho. Atha vā padāni ca padavibhāgo ca <span class="bld">padavibhāgo,</span> padaviggaho ca padavibhāgo ca <span class="bld">padavibhāgo</span>ti vā ekasesavasena padapadaviggahāpi padavibhāga saddena vuttāti veditabbaṃ. Tattha padaviggaho ‘‘bhikkhūnaṃ saṅgho’’tiādibhedesu padesu daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Atthato</span>ti padatthato. Taṃ pana padatthaṃ atthuddhārakkamena <a name="P1.0044"></a> paṭhamaṃ evaṃ-saddassa dassento <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃsaddo tāvā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Avadhāraṇādī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena idamatthapucchāparimāṇādiatthānaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. Tathā hi ‘‘evaṃgatāni, evaṃvidho, evamākāro’’tiādīsu idaṃ-saddassa atthe evaṃ-saddo. Gata-saddo hi pakārapariyāyo, tathā vidhākāra-saddā <a name="V1.0033"></a> ca. Tathā hi vidhayuttagata-sadde lokiyā pakāratthe vadanti. ‘‘Evaṃ nu kho, na nu kho, kiṃ nu kho, kathaṃ nu kho’’ti, ‘‘evaṃ su te sunhātā suvilittā kappitakesamassu, āmuttamālābharaṇā odātavatthavasanā pañcahi <a name="M1.0035"></a> kāmaguṇehi samappitā samaṅgībhūtā paricārenti, seyyathāpi tvaṃ etarahi sācariyakoti? No hidaṃ bho gotamā’’ti ca ādīsu pucchāyaṃ. ‘‘Evaṃ lahuparivattaṃ, evaṃ āyupariyanto’’ti ca ādīsu parimāṇe. Nanu ca ‘‘evaṃ nu kho, evaṃ su te, evaṃ āyupariyanto’’ti ettha evaṃ-saddena pucchanākāraparimāṇākārānaṃ vuttattā ākārattho eva evaṃ-saddo ti? Na, visesasabbhāvato. Ākāramattavācako hettha ākāratthoti adhippeto, yathā ‘‘evaṃ byākhotiādīsu pana na ākāravisesavācako evañca katvā ‘‘evaṃ jātena maccenā’’tiādīni upamādīsu udāharaṇāni upapannāni honti. Tathā hi ‘‘yathāpi…pe… bahu’’nti? Ettha <a name="P1.0045"></a> puppharāsiṭṭhāniyato manussupapattisappurisūpanissayasaddhammasavanayonisomanasikārabhogasampattiādidānādipuññakiriyāhetusamudāyato sobhāsugandhatādiguṇayogato mālāguṇasadisiyo pahūtā puññakiriyā maritabbasabhāvatāya maccena sattena kattabbāti joditattā puppharāsimālāguṇāva upamā, tesaṃ upamākāro yathā-saddena aniyamato vuttoti evaṃ-saddo upamākāranigamanatthoti vattuṃ yuttaṃ. So pana upamākāro niyamiyamāno atthato upamāva hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘upamāyaṃ āgato’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā <span class="bld">evaṃ</span> iminā ākārena <span class="bld">‘‘abhikkamitabba’’</span>ntiādinā upadisiyamānāya samaṇasāruppāya ākappasampattiyā yo tattha upadisanākāro, so atthato upadesoyevāti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ te…pe… upadese’’</span>ti. Tathā <span class="bld">evametaṃ bhagavā, evametaṃ sugatā</span>ti ettha ca bhagavatā yathāvuttamatthaṃ aviparītato jānantehi kataṃ tattha saṃvijjamānaguṇānaṃ pakārehi haṃsanaṃ udaggatākaraṇaṃ <span class="bld">sampahaṃsanaṃ,</span> yo tattha sampahaṃsanākāroti yojetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Evamevaṃ panāya</span>nti ettha garahaṇākāroti yojetabbaṃ. So ca garahaṇākāro ‘‘vasalī’’tiādi khuṃsanasaddasannidhānato idha evaṃ-saddena pakāsitoti viññāyati. Yathā <a name="M1.0036"></a> cettha, evaṃ upamākārādayopi upamādivasena vuttānaṃ puppharāsiādisaddānaṃ sannidhānatoti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Evañca vadehī</span>ti ‘‘yathāhaṃ vadāmi, evaṃ samaṇaṃ ānandaṃ vadehī’’ti vadanākāro idāni vattabbo evaṃ-saddena nidassīyatīti nidassanattho vutto. <span class="bld">Evaṃ no</span>ti etthāpi tesaṃ yathāvuttadhammānaṃ ahitadukkhāvahabhāve sanniṭṭhānajananatthaṃ anumatiggahaṇavasena ‘‘saṃvattanti, no vā, kathaṃ vā ettha hotī’’ti pucchāya katāya ‘‘evaṃ no ettha hotī’’ti vuttattā tadākārasanniṭṭhānaṃ evaṃ-saddena vibhāvitanti viññāyati, so pana tesaṃ dhammānaṃ ahitāya dukkhāya <a name="P1.0046"></a> saṃvattanākāro niyamiyamāno avadhāraṇattho <a name="V1.0034"></a> hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ no ettha hotīti ādīsu avadhāraṇe’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Evaṃ bhante</span>ti pana dhammassa sādhukaṃ savanamanasikāre sanniyojitehi bhikkhūhi attano tattha ṭhitabhāvassa paṭijānanavasena vuttattā ettha evaṃ-saddo vacanasampaṭicchanattho vutto, tena evaṃ bhante, sādhu bhante, suṭṭhu bhanteti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nānānayanipuṇa</span>nti ekattanānattaabyāpāraevaṃdhammatāsaṅkhātā, nandiyāvaṭṭa tipukkhalasīhavikkīḷitaaṅkusadisālocanasaṅkhātā vā ādhārādibhedavasena nānāvidhā nayā nānānayā, nayā vā pāḷigatiyo, tā ca paññattianupaññattiādivasena saṃkilebhāgiyādilokiyāditadubhayavomissatādivasena kusalādivasena khandhādivasena saṅgahādivasena samayavimuttādivasena ṭhapanādivasena kusalamūlādivasena tikapaṭṭhānādivasena ca nānappakārāti nānānayā, tehi nipuṇaṃ saṇhasukhumanti nānānayanipuṇaṃ. Āsayova ajjhāsayo, te ca sassatādibhedena, tattha ca apparajakkhatādivasena anekā, attajjhāsayādayo eva vā samuṭṭhānaṃ uppattihetu etassāti <span class="bld">anekajjhāsayasamuṭṭhānaṃ. Atthabyañjanasampanna</span>nti atthabyañjanaparipuṇṇaṃ upanetabbābhāvato, saṅkāsanapakāsanavivaraṇavibhajanauttānīkaraṇapaññattivasena chahi atthapadehi, akkharapadabyañjanākāraniruttiniddesavasena chahi byañjanapadehi ca samannāgatanti vā attho daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vividhapāṭihāriya</span>nti ettha pāṭihāriyapadassa vacanatthaṃ ‘‘paṭipakkhaharaṇato rāgādikilesāpanayanato pāṭihāriya’’nti vadanti. Bhagavato pana paṭipakkhā rāgādayo na santi, ye haritabbā. Puthujjanānampi vigatūpakkilese <a name="M1.0037"></a> aṭṭhaguṇasamannāgate citte hatapaṭipakkhe iddhividhaṃ pavattati, tasmā tattha pavattavohārena ca na sakkā idha ‘‘pāṭihāriya’’nti vattuṃ. Sace pana mahākāruṇikassa bhagavato <a name="P1.0047"></a> veneyyagatā ca kilesā paṭipakkhā, tesaṃ haraṇato ‘‘pāṭihāriya’’nti vuttaṃ, evaṃ sati yuttametaṃ. Atha vā bhagavato ca sāsanassa ca paṭipakkhā titthiyā, tesaṃ haraṇato <span class="bld">pāṭihāriyaṃ.</span> Te hi diṭṭhiharaṇavasena, diṭṭhippakāsane asamatthabhāvena ca iddhiādesanānusāsanīhi haritā apanītā hontīti. <span class="bld">‘‘Paṭī’’</span>ti vā ayaṃ saddo ‘‘pacchā’’ti etassa atthaṃ bodheti ‘‘tasmiṃ paṭipaviṭṭhamhi, añño āgañchi brāhmaṇo’’tiādīsu viya, tasmā samāhite citte, vigatūpakkilese ca katakiccena pacchā haritabbaṃ pavattetabbanti paṭihāriyaṃ, attano vā upakkilesesu catutthajjhānamaggehi haritesu pacchā haraṇaṃ paṭihāriyaṃ. Iddhiādesanānusāsaniyo ca vigatūpakkilesena, katakiccena ca sattahitatthaṃ puna pavattetabbā, haritesu ca attano upakkilesesu parasattānaṃ upakkilesaharaṇāni <a name="V1.0035"></a> hontīti paṭihāriyāni bhavanti. Paṭihāriyameva <span class="bld">pāṭihāriyaṃ.</span> Paṭihāriye vā iddhiādesanānusāsanīsamudāye bhavaṃ ekekaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pāṭihāriya’’</span>nti vuccati. Paṭihāriyaṃ vā catutthajjhānaṃ maggo ca paṭipakkhaharaṇato, tattha jātaṃ, tasmiṃ vā nimittabhūte, tato vā āgatanti <span class="bld">pāṭihāriyaṃ.</span> Tassa pana iddhiādibhedena visayabhedena ca bahuvidhassa bhagavato desanāya labbhamānattā āha ‘‘vividhapāṭihāriya’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na aññathā</span>ti bhagavato sammukhā sutākārato na aññathāti attho, na pana bhagavato desitākārato. Acinteyyānubhāvā hi bhagavato desanā. Evañca katvā ‘‘sabbappakārena ko samattho viññātu’’nti idaṃ vacanaṃ samatthitaṃ hoti. Dhāraṇabaladassanañca na virujjhati sutākārāvirajjhanassa adhippetattā. Na hettha atthantaratāparihāro dvinnampi atthānaṃ ekavisayattā, itarathā thero bhagavato desanāya sabbathā paṭiggahaṇe samattho asamattho cāti āpajjeyyāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Yo paro na hoti, so attā’’ti evaṃ <a name="P1.0048"></a> vuttāya niyakajjhattasaṅkhātāya sasantatiyaṃ vattanato tividhopi me-saddo kiñcāpi ekasmiṃyeva <a name="M1.0038"></a> atthe dissati, karaṇasampadānasāminiddesavasena pana vijjamānabhedaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘me-saddo tīsu atthesu dissatī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kiñcāpi upasaggo kiriyaṃ viseseti, jotakabhāvato pana satipi tasmiṃ suta-saddo eva taṃ tamatthaṃ anuvadatīti anupasaggassa suta-saddassa atthuddhāre saupasaggassa gahaṇaṃ na virujjhatīti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘saupasaggo ca anupasaggo cā’’</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti suta-saddassa. Kammabhāvasādhanāni idha suta-sadde sambhavantīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘upadhāritanti vā upadhāraṇanti vā attho’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Mayāti atthe satī</span>ti yadā mesaddassa kattuvasena karaṇaniddeso, tadāti attho. <span class="bld">Mamāti atthe satī</span>ti yadā sambandhavasena sāminiddeso, tadā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sutasaddasannidhāne payuttena evaṃsaddena savanakiriyājotakena bhavitabbanti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘evanti sotaviññāṇādiviññāṇakiccanidassana’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena sampaṭicchanādīnaṃ pañcadvārikaviññāṇānaṃ tadabhinihaṭānañca manodvārikaviññāṇānaṃ gahaṇaṃ veditabbaṃ. Sabbesampi vākyānaṃ evakāratthasahitattā <span class="bld">‘‘suta’’</span>nti etassa sutaṃ evāti ayamattho labbhatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘assavanabhāvapaṭikkhepato’’</span>ti, etena avadhāraṇena nirākataṃ dasseti. Yathā ca sutaṃ sutaṃ evāti <a name="V1.0036"></a> niyametabbaṃ, taṃ sammā sutaṃ hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘anūnādhikāviparītaggahaṇanidassana’’</span>nti. Atha vā ‘‘saddantaratthāpohanavasena saddo atthaṃ vadatī’’ti <span class="bld">suta</span>nti asutaṃ na hotīti ayametassa atthoti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘assavanabhāvapaṭikkhepato’’</span>ti, iminā diṭṭhādivinivattanaṃ karoti. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti. Na idaṃ mayā diṭṭhaṃ, na sayambhuñāṇena sacchikataṃ, atha kho sutaṃ, tañca kho sammadevāti. Tenevāha ‘‘anūnādhikāviparītaggahaṇanidassana’’nti. Avadhāraṇatthe vā evaṃ-sadde ayaṃ atthayojanā karīyatīti tadapekkhassa suta-saddassa ayamattho vutto <span class="bld">‘‘assavanabhāvapaṭikkhepato’’</span>ti. Teneva āha <a name="P1.0049"></a> ‘‘anūnādhikāviparītaggahaṇanidassana’’nti. Savanasaddo cettha kammattho veditabbo suyyatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ savanahetusuṇantapuggalasavanavisesavasena padattayassa ekena pakārena atthayojanaṃ dassetvā idāni pakārantarehipi taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tathā eva’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">tassā</span>ti yā sā bhagavato sammukhā dhammassavanākārena pavattā manodvāraviññāṇavīthi, tassā. Sā hi nānappakārena <a name="M1.0039"></a> ārammaṇe pavattituṃ samatthā. Tathā ca vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sotadvārānusārenā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Nānappakārenā</span>ti vakkhamānānaṃ anekavihitānaṃ byañjanatthaggahaṇānānākārena, etena imissā yojanāya ākārattho evaṃ-saddo gahitoti dīpeti. <span class="bld">Pavattibhāvappakāsana</span>nti pavattiyā atthibhāvappakāsanaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Sutanti dhammappakāsana’’</span>nti yasmiṃ ārammaṇe vuttappakārā viññāṇavīthi nānappakārena pavattā, tassa dhammattā vuttaṃ, na sutasaddassa dhammatthattā. Vuttassevatthassa pākaṭīkaraṇaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ayañhetthā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">viññāṇavīthiyā</span>ti karaṇatthe karaṇavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Mayā</span>ti katthuatthe.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Evanti niddisitabbappakāsana’’</span>nti nidassanatthaṃ evaṃ-saddaṃ gahetvā vuttaṃ nidassetabbassa niddisitabbattābhāvābhāvato, tena evaṃ-saddena sakalampi suttaṃ paccāmaṭṭhanti dasseti. Suta-saddassa kiriyāsaddattā, savanakiriyāya ca sādhāraṇaviññāṇappabandhapaṭibaddhattā tattha ca puggalavohāroti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sutanti puggalakiccappakāsana’’</span>nti. Na hi puggalavohārarahite dhammappabandhe savanakiriyā labbhatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Yassa cittasantānassā’’</span>tiādipi ākāratthameva evaṃ-saddaṃ gahetvā purimayojanāya aññathā atthayojanaṃ dassetuṃ vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">ākārapaññattī</span>ti upādāpaññatti eva, dhammānaṃ pavattiākārupādānavasena tathā vuttā. <span class="bld">‘‘Sutanti visayaniddeso’’</span>ti sotabbabhūto dhammo savanakiriyākattupuggalassa savanakiriyāvasena pavattiṭṭhānanti katvā vuttaṃ. Cittasantānavinimuttassa <a name="V1.0037"></a> paramatthato <a name="P1.0050"></a> kassaci kattu abhāvepi saddavohārena buddhiparikappitabhedavacanicchāya cittasantānato aññaṃ viya taṃsamaṅgiṃ katvā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘cittasantānena taṃsamaṅgino’’</span>ti. Savanakiriyāvisayopi sotabbadhammo savanakiriyāvasena pavattacittasantānassa idha paramatthato kattubhāvato, savanavasena cittappavattiyā eva vā savanakiriyābhāvato taṃkiriyākattu ca visayo hotīti katvā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘taṃsamaṅgino kattu visaye’’</span>ti. Sutākārassa ca therassa sammānicchitabhāvato āha <span class="bld">‘‘gahaṇasanniṭṭhāna’’</span>nti, etena vā avadhāraṇatthaṃ evaṃ-saddaṃ gahetvā ayaṃ atthayojanā katāti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pubbe <a name="M1.0040"></a> sutānaṃ nānāvihitānaṃ suttasaṅkhātānaṃ atthabyañjanānaṃ upadhāritarūpassa ākārassa nidassanassa avadhāraṇassa vā pakāsanasabhāvo evaṃ-saddoti tadākārādiupadhāraṇassa puggalapaññattiyā upādānabhūtadhammappabandhabyāpāratāya vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘evanti puggalakiccaniddeso’’</span>ti. Savanakiriyā pana puggalavādinopi viññāṇanirapekkhā natthīti visesato viññāṇabyāpāroti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sutanti viññāṇakiccaniddeso’’</span>ti. Meti saddappavattiyā ekanteneva sattavisayattā, viññāṇakiccassa ca tattheva samodahitabbato <span class="bld">‘‘meti ubhayakiccayuttapuggalaniddeso’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Avijjamānapaññattivijjamānapaññattisabhāvā yathākkamaṃ evaṃ-sadda suta-saddānaṃ atthāti te tathārūpapaññattiupādānabyāpārabhāvena dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘evanti puggalakiccaniddeso. Sutanti viññāṇakiccaniddeso’’</span>ti. Ettha ca karaṇakiriyākattukammavisesappakāsanavasena puggalabyāpāvisayapuggalabyāpāranidassanavasena gahaṇākāragāhakatabbisayavisesaniddesavasena kattukaraṇa byāpārakattuniddesavasena ca dutiyādayo catasso atthayojanā dassitāti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sabbassāpi <a name="P1.0051"></a> saddādhigamanīyassa atthassa paññattimukheneva paṭipajjitabbattā, sabbapaññattīnañca vijjamānādivasena chasu paññattibhedesu antogadhattā tesu ‘‘eva’’ntiādīnaṃ paññattīnaṃ sarūpaṃ niddhārento āha <span class="bld">‘‘evanti ca meti cā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha evanti ca meti ca vuccamānassa atthassa ākārādino, dhammānañca asallakkhaṇabhāvato avijjamānapaññattibhāvoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘saccikaṭṭhaparamatthavasena avijjamānapaññattī’’</span>ti. Tattha <span class="bld">saccikaṭṭhaparamatthavasenā</span>ti bhūtatthauttamatthavasena. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hotiyo māyāmarīciādayo viya abhūtattho, anussavādīhi gahetabbo viya anuttamattho ca na hoti, so rūpasaddādisabhāvo ruppanānubhavanādisabhāvo vā attho ‘‘saccikaṭṭho, paramattha cā’’ti vuccati, na tathā evaṃ meti padānamatthoti, etamevatthaṃ pākaṭataraṃ kātuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kiñhettha ta’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Suta</span>nti pana saddāyatanaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘vijjamānapaññattī’’</span>ti. Teneva hi <span class="bld">‘‘yañhi tamettha sotena upaladdha’’</span>nti vuttaṃ<a name="V1.0038"></a>, ‘‘sotadvārānusārena upaladdha’’nti pana vutte atthabyañjanādisabbaṃ labbhati. <span class="bld">Taṃ taṃ upādāya vattabbato</span>ti sotapathaṃ āgate dhamme upādāya tesaṃ upadhāritākārādino paccāmasanavasena ‘‘eva’’nti, sasantatipariyāpanne khandhe upādāya ‘‘me’’ti <a name="M1.0041"></a> vattabbattāti attho. Diṭṭhādisabhāvarahite saddāyatane pavattamānopi sutavohāro ‘‘dutiyaṃ tatiya’’ntiādiko viya paṭhamādīni diṭṭhamutaviññāte apekkhitvā pavattoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘diṭṭhādīni upanidhāya vattabbato’’</span>ti. Asutaṃ na hotīti hi ‘‘suta’’nti pakāsito yamatthoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Attanā paṭividdhā suttassa pakāravisesā ‘‘eva’’nti therena paccāmaṭṭhāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘asammohaṃ dīpetī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">‘‘Nānappakārapaṭivedhasamattho hotī’’</span>ti etena vakkhamānassa suttassa nānappakārataṃ duppaṭivijjhatañca dasseti. <span class="bld">‘‘Sutassa asammosaṃ dīpetī’’</span>ti sutākārassa yāthāvato dassiyamānattā vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Asammohenā</span>ti sammohābhāvena, paññāya eva <a name="P1.0052"></a> vā savanakālasambhūtāya taduttarakālapaññāsiddhi, evaṃ <span class="bld">asammosenā</span>ti etthāpi vattabbaṃ. Byañjanānaṃ paṭivijjhitabbo ākāro nātigambhīro, yathāsutadhāraṇameva tattha karaṇīyanti satiyā byāpāro adhiko, paññā tattha guṇībhūtāti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘paññāpubbaṅgamāyā’’</span>tiādi paññāya pubbaṅgamāti katvā. Pubbaṅgamatā cettha padhānabhāvo ‘‘manopubbaṅgamā’’tiādīsu viya, pubbaṅgamatāya vā cakkhuviññāṇādīsu āvajjanādīnaṃ viya appadhānatte paññā pubbaṅgamā etissāti ayampi attho yujjati, evaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘satipubbaṅgamāyā’’</span>ti etthāpi vuttanayānusārena yathāsambhavamattho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Atthabyañjanasampannassā</span>ti atthabyañjanaparipuṇṇassa, saṅkāsanapakāsanavivaraṇavibhajanauttānīkaraṇapaññattivasena chahi atthapadehi, akkharapadabyañjanākāraniruttiniddesavasena chahi byañjanapadehi ca samannāgatassāti vā attho daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yonisomanasikāraṃ dīpetī</span>ti evaṃ-saddena vuccamānānaṃ ākāranidassanāvadhāraṇatthānaṃ aviparītasaddhammavisayattāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">‘‘Avikkhepaṃ dīpetī’’</span>ti ‘‘brahmajālaṃ kattha bhāsita’’ntiādi pucchāvasena pakaraṇappattassa vakkhamānassa suttassa savanaṃ samādhānamantarena na sambhavatīti katvā vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Vikkhittacittassā’’</span>tiādi tassevatthassa samatthanavasena vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbasampattiyā</span>ti atthabyañjanadesakapayojanādisampattiyā. Aviparītasaddhammavisayehi viya ākāranidassanāvadhāraṇatthehi yonisomanasikārassa, saddhammassavanena viya ca avikkhepassa yathā yonisomanasikārena <a name="M1.0042"></a> phalabhūtena <a name="P1.0053"></a> attasammāpaṇidhipubbekatapuññatānaṃ siddhi vuttā tadavinābhāvato, evaṃ avikkhepena phalabhūtena kāraṇabhūtānaṃ saddhammassavanasappurisūpanissayānaṃ siddhi dassetabbā siyā assutavato, sappurisūpanissayarahitassa ca tadabhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Na</span> <a name="V1.0039"></a> <span class="bld">hi vikkhittacitto’’</span>tiādinā samatthanavacanena pana avikkhepena kāraṇabhūtena sappurisūpanissayena ca phalabhūtassa saddhammassavanassa siddhi dassitā. Ayaṃ panettha adhippāyo yutto siyāsaddhammassavanasappurisūpanissayā na ekantena avikkhepassa kāraṇaṃ bāhiraṅgattā, avikkhepo pana sappurisūpanissayo viya saddhammassavanassa ekantakāraṇanti. Evampi avikkhepena sappurisūpanissayasiddhijotanā na samatthitāva, no na samatthitā vikkhittacittānaṃ sappurisapayirupāsanābhāvassa atthasiddhattā. Ettha ca purimaṃ phalena kāraṇassa siddhidassanaṃ nadīpūrena viya upari vuṭṭhisabbhāvassa, dutiyaṃ kāraṇena phalassa siddhidassanaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ ekantena vassinā viya meghavuṭṭhānena vuṭṭhippavattiyā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bhagavato vacanassa atthabyañjanapabhedaparicchedavasena sakalasāsanasampattiogāhanākāro niravasesaparahitapāripūrikāraṇanti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ bhaddako ākāro’’</span>ti. Yasmā na hotīti sambandho. <span class="bld">Pacchimacakkadvayasampatti</span>nti attasammāpaṇidhipubbekatapuññatāsaṅkhātaṃ guṇadvayaṃ. Aparāparaṃ vuttiyā cettha cakkabhāvo, caranti etehi sattā sampattibhavesūti vā. Ye sandhāya vuttaṃ ‘‘cattārimāni bhikkhave cakkāni, yehi samannāgatānaṃ devamanussānaṃ catucakkaṃ vattatī’’tiādi<a name="P1.0054"></a>. Purimapacchimabhāvo cettha desanākkamavasena daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Pacchimacakkadvayasiddhiyā</span>ti pacchimacakkadvayassa atthitāya. Sammāpaṇihitatto pubbe ca katapuñño suddhāsayo hoti tadasuddhihetūnaṃ kilesānaṃ dūrībhāvatoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘āsayasuddhi siddhā hotī’’</span>ti. Tathā hi vuttaṃ ‘‘sammāpaṇihitaṃ cittaṃ, seyyaso naṃ tato kare’’ti, ‘‘katapuññosi tvaṃ ānanda, padhānaṃ anuyuñja khippaṃ hohisi anāsavoti ca. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘āsayasuddhiyā adhigamabyattisiddhī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Payogasuddhiyā</span>ti yonisomanasikārapubbaṅgamassa dhammassavanapayogassa visadabhāvena. Tathā cāha <span class="bld">‘‘āgamabyattisiddhī’’</span>ti. Sabbassa vā kāyavacīpayogassa <a name="M1.0043"></a> niddosabhāvena. Parisuddhakāyavacīpayogo hi vippaṭisārābhāvato avikkhittacitto pariyattiyaṃ visārado hotīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Nānappakārapaṭivedhadīpakenā’’</span>tiādinā atthabyañjanesu therassa evaṃ-sadda suta-saddānaṃ asammohāsammosadīpanato catupaṭisambhidāvasena atthayojanaṃ dasseti. Tattha <span class="bld">‘‘sotabbappabhedapaṭivedhadīpakenā’’</span>ti etena ayaṃ suta-saddo evaṃ-saddasannidhānato, vakkhamānāpekkhāya vā sāmaññeneva sotabbadhammavisesaṃ āmasatīti dasseti. Manodiṭṭhikaraṇāpariyattidhammānaṃ anupekkhanasuppaṭivedhā visesato manasikārapaṭibaddhāti te vuttanayena yonisomanasikāradīpakena evaṃ-saddena yojetvā, savanadhāraṇavacīparicayā pariyattidhammānaṃ <a name="V1.0040"></a> visesena sotāvadhānapaṭibaddhāti te avikkhepadīpakena suta-saddena yojetvā dassento sāsanasampattiyā dhammassavane ussāhaṃ janeti. Tattha dhammāti pariyattidhammā. <span class="bld">Manasānupekkhitā</span>ti ‘‘idha sīlaṃ kathitaṃ, idha samādhi, idha paññā, ettakā ettha anusandhiyo’’tiādinā <a name="P1.0055"></a> nayena manasā anupekkhitā. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividdhā</span>ti nijjhānakkhantibhūtāya, ñātapariññāsaṅkhātāya vā diṭṭhiyā tattha tattha vuttarūpārūpadhamme ‘‘iti rūpaṃ, ettakaṃ rūpa’’ntiādinā suṭṭhu vavatthapetvā paṭividdhā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Sakalena vacanenā’’</span>ti pubbe tīhi padehi visuṃ visuṃ yojitattā vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Asappurisabhūmi</span>nti akataññutaṃ ‘‘idhekacco pāpabhikkhu tathāgatappaveditaṃ dhammavinayaṃ pariyāpuṇitvā attano dahatī’’ti evaṃ vuttaṃ anariyavohārāvatthaṃ. Sā eva anariyavohārāvatthā <span class="bld">asaddhammo.</span> Nanu ca ānandattherassa ‘‘mamedaṃ vacana’’nti adhimānassa, mahākassapattherādīnañca tadāsaṅkāya abhāvato asappurisabhūmisamatikkamādivacanaṃ niratthakaṃ ti? Nayidaṃ evaṃ ‘‘evaṃ me suta’’nti vadantena ayampi attho vibhāvitoti dassanato. Keci pana ‘‘devatānaṃ parivitakkāpekkhaṃ tathāvacananti edisī codanā anavakāsā’’ti vadanti. Tasmiṃ kira khaṇe ekaccānaṃ devatānaṃ evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi ‘‘tathāgato ca parinibbuto, ayañca āyasmā desanākusalo, idāni dhammaṃ deseti, sakyakulappasuto tathāgatassa bhātā cūḷapituputto, kiṃ nu kho sayaṃ sacchikata dhammaṃ deseti, udāhu bhagavatoyeva vacanaṃ yathāsuta’’nti. Evaṃ <a name="M1.0044"></a> tadāsaṅkitappakārato asappurisabhūmisamokkamādito atikkamādi vibhāvitanti. <span class="bld">Attano adahanto</span>ti ‘‘mameta’’nti attani <a name="P1.0056"></a> aṭṭhapento. <span class="bld">Appetī</span>ti nidasseti. Diṭṭhadhammikasamparāyikaparamatthesu yathārahaṃ satte netīti netti, dhammoyeva netti <span class="bld">dhammanetti.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext">Daḷhataraniviṭṭhā vicikicchā <span class="bld">kaṅkhā.</span> Nātisaṃsappanaṃ matibhedamattaṃ <span class="bld">vimati. Assaddhiyaṃ vināseti</span> bhagavato desitattā, sammukhā cassa paṭiggahitattā, khalitaduruttādiggahaṇadosābhāvato ca. Ettha ca paṭhamādayo tisso atthayojanā ākārādiatthesu aggahitavisesameva evaṃ-saddaṃ gahetvā dassitā, tato parā tisso ākāratthameva evaṃ-saddaṃ gahetvā vibhāvitā. Pacchimā pana tisso yathākkamaṃ ākāratthaṃ nidassanatthaṃ avadhāraṇatthañca evaṃ-saddaṃ gahetvā yojitāti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Eka</span>-saddo aññaseṭṭhāsahāyasaṅkhyadīsu dissati. Tathāhesa ‘‘sassato attā ca loko ca<a name="V1.0041"></a>, idameva saccaṃ moghamaññanti ittheke abhivadantī’’tiādīsu aññatthe dissati, ‘‘cetaso ekodibhāva’’ntiādīsu seṭṭhatthe, ‘‘eko vūpakaṭṭho’’tiādīsu asahāye, ‘‘ekova kho bhikkhave khaṇo ca samayo ca brahmacariyavāsāyā’’tiādīsu saṅkhyayaṃ, idhāpi saṅkhyayanti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘ekanti gaṇanaparicchedaniddeso’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Kālañca samayañcā</span>ti yuttakālañca paccayasāmaggiñca. <span class="bld">Khaṇo</span>ti okāso. Tathāgatuppādādiko hi maggabrahmacariyassa okāso tappaccayapaṭilābhahetuttā. Khaṇo eva <a name="P1.0057"></a> ca <span class="bld">samayo.</span> Yo ‘‘khaṇo’’ti ca ‘‘samayo’’ti ca vuccati, so eko vāti hi attho. <span class="bld">Mahāsamayo</span>ti mahāsamūho. <span class="bld">Samayopi kho</span>ti sikkhāpadapūraṇassa hetupi. <span class="bld">Samayappavādake</span>ti diṭṭhippavādake. Tattha hi nisinnā titthiyā attano attano samayaṃ pavadantīti. <span class="bld">Atthābhisamayā</span>ti hitapaṭilābhā. Abhisametabboti abhisamayo, abhisamayo atthoti <span class="bld">abhisamayaṭṭho</span>ti pīḷana ādīni abhisametabbabhāvena ekībhāvaṃ upanetvā vuttāni. Abhisamayassa vā paṭivedhassa <a name="M1.0045"></a> visayabhūtabhāvo <span class="bld">abhisamayaṭṭho</span>ti tāneva tathā ekattena vuttāni. Tattha <span class="bld">pīḷanaṃ</span> dukkhasaccassa taṃ samaṅgīno hiṃsanaṃ avipphārikatākaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Santāpo</span>dukkhadukkhatādivasena santāpanaṃ paridahaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha sahakārīkāraṇaṃ sannijjha sameti samavetīti <span class="bld">samayo,</span> samavāyo. Sameti samāgacchati maggabrahmacariyamettha tadādhārapuggalehīti <span class="bld">samayo,</span> khaṇo. Sameti ettha, etenava saṃgacchati satto, sabhāvadhammo vā sahajātādīhi, uppādādīhi vāti <span class="bld">samayo,</span> kālo. Dhammappavattimattatāya atthato abhūtopi hi kālo dhammappavattiyā adhikaraṇaṃ, karaṇaṃ viya ca kappanāmattasiddhena rūpena voharīyatīti. Samaṃ, saha vā avayavānaṃ ayanaṃ pavatti avaṭṭhānanti <span class="bld">samayo,</span> samūho, yathā ‘‘samudāyo’’ti. Avayavasahāvaṭṭhānameva hi samūhoti. Avasesapaccayānaṃ samāgame eti phalaṃ etasmā uppajjati pavattati cāti <span class="bld">samayo,</span> hetu yathā ‘‘samudayo’’ti. Sameti saṃyojanabhāvato sambandho eti attano visaye pavattati, daḷhaggahaṇabhāvato vā saṃyuttā ayanti pavattanti sattā yathābhinivesaṃ etenāti <span class="bld">samayo,</span> diṭṭhi. Diṭṭhisaṃyojanena hi sattā ativiya bajjhantīti. Samiti <a name="P1.0058"></a> saṅgati samodhānanti <span class="bld">samayo,</span> paṭilābho. Samassa yānaṃ, sammā vā yānaṃ apagamoti <span class="bld">samayo,</span> pahānaṃ. Abhimukhaṃ ñāṇena etabbo abhisametabboti abhisamayo, dhammānaṃ aviparīto sabhāvo. Abhimukhabhāvena sammā eti gacchati bujjhatīti abhisamayo, dhammānaṃ yathābhūtasabhāvāvabodho. Evaṃ tasmiṃ tasmiṃ atthe samaya-saddassa pavatti veditabbā. Samaya-saddassa atthuddhāre abhisamaya-saddassa udāharaṇaṃ vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti samaya-saddassa. <span class="bld">Kālo attho</span> samavāyādīnaṃ atthānaṃ <a name="V1.0042"></a> idha asambhavato desadesakaparisānaṃ viya suttassa nidānabhāvena kālassa apadisitabbato ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kasmā panettha aniyāmitavaseneva kālo niddiṭṭho, na utusaṃvaccharādivasena niyametvāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tattha kiñcāpī’’</span>tiādi. Utusaṃvaccharādivasena niyamaṃ akatvā samaya-saddassa vacane ayampi guṇo laddho hotīti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘ye vā ime’’</span>tiādimāha. Sāmaññajotanā hi visese avatiṭṭhatīti. Tattha <span class="bld">diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārasamayo</span> devasikaṃ <a name="M1.0046"></a> jhānasamāpattīhi vītināmanakālo, visesato sattasattāhāni. <span class="bld">Pakāsā</span>ti dasasahassilokadhātuyā pakampanaobhāsapātubhāvādīhi pākaṭā. Yathāvuttappabhedesuyeva samayesu ekadesaṃ pakārantarehi saṅgahetvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yo cāya’’</span>ntiādimāha. Tathā hi ñāṇakiccasamayo attahitapaṭipattisamayo ca <span class="bld">abhisambodhisamayo.</span> Ariyatuṇhibhāvasamayo <span class="bld">diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārasamayo.</span> Karuṇākiccaparahitapaṭipattidhammikathāsamayo <span class="bld">desanāsamayeva.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext">Karaṇavacanena niddeso kato yathāti sambandho. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti abhidhammavinayesu. <span class="bld">Tathā</span>ti bhummakaraṇehi. <span class="bld">Adhikaraṇattha</span> ādhārattho. Bhāvo nāma kiriyā, kiriyāya kiriyantaralakkhaṇaṃ <span class="bld">bhāvenabhāvalakkhaṇaṃ.</span> Tattha yathā kālo sabhāvadhammaparicchinno sayaṃ paramatthato <a name="P1.0059"></a> avijjamānopi ādhārabhāvena paññāto taṅkhaṇappavattānaṃ tato pubbe parato ca abhāvato ‘‘pubbaṇhe jāto, sāyanhe gacchatī’’ti, ca ādīsu, samūho ca avayavavinimutto avijjamānopi kappanāmattasiddho avayavānaṃ ādhārabhāvena paññāpīyati ‘‘rukkhe sākhā, yavarāsiyaṃ sambhūto’’tiādīsu, evaṃ idhāpīti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘adhikaraṇañhi…pe… dhammāna’’</span>nti. Yasmiṃ kāle, dhammapuñje vā kāmāvacaraṃ kusalaṃ cittaṃ uppannaṃ hoti, tasmiṃyeva kāle, dhammapuñje ca phassādayopi hontīti ayañhi tattha attho. Yathā ca gāvīsu duyhamānāsu gato, duddhāsu āgatoti dohanakiriyāya gamanakiriyā lakkhīyati, evaṃ idhāpi ‘‘yasmiṃ samaye, tasmiṃ samaye’’ti ca vutte satīti ayamattho viññāyamāno eva hoti padatthassa sattāvirahābhavatoti samayassa sattākiriyāya cittassa uppādakiriyā, phassādīnaṃ bhavanakiriyā ca lakkhīyati. <span class="bld">Yasmiṃ samaye</span>ti yasmiṃ navame khaṇe, yonisomanasikārādihetumhi, paccayasamavāye vā sati kāmāvacaraṃ kusalaṃ cittaṃ uppannaṃ hoti, tasmiṃyeva khaṇe, hetumhi, paccayasamavāye ca sati phassādayopi hontīti ubhayattha samaya-sadde bhummaniddeso kato lakkhaṇabhūtabhāvayuttoti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘khaṇa…pe… lakkhīyatī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Hetuattho</span> <a name="V1.0043"></a> <span class="bld">karaṇattho ca sambhavati</span> ‘‘annena vasati, ajjhenena vasati, pharasunā chindati, kudālena khaṇatī’’tiādīsu viya. Vītikkamañhi sutvā bhikkhusaṅghaṃ sannipātāpetvā otiṇṇavatthukaṃ puggalaṃ paṭipucchitvā, vigarahitvā <a name="M1.0047"></a> ca taṃ taṃ vatthuṃ otiṇṇakālaṃ anatikkamitvā teneva kālena sikkhāpadāni paññapento bhagavā <a name="P1.0060"></a> viharati sikkhāpadapaññattihetuñca apekkhamāno tatiyapārājikādīsu viyāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Accantameva</span> ārambhato paṭṭhāya yāva desanāniṭṭhānaṃ parahitapaṭipattisaṅkhātena <span class="bld">karuṇāvihārena. Tadatthajotanattha</span>nti accantasaṃyogatthajotanatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Upayogavacananiddeso kato</span> yathā ‘‘māsaṃ ajjhetī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Porāṇā</span>ti aṭṭhakathācariyā. <span class="bld">Abhilāpamattabhedo</span>ti vacanamattena viseso. Tena suttavinayesu vibhattibyatayo katoti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Seṭṭha</span>nti seṭṭhavācakaṃ vacanaṃ seṭṭhanti vuttaṃ seṭṭhaguṇasahacaraṇato. Tathā <span class="bld">uttama</span>nti etthāpi. <span class="bld">Gāravayutto</span>ti garubhāvayutto garuguṇayogato, garukaraṇārahatāya vā <span class="bld">gāravayutto.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vuttoyeva</span> na pana idha vattabbo visuddhimaggassa imissā aṭṭhakathāya ekadesabhāvatoti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica bhage vani, vamīti vā bhagavā, bhage sīlādiguṇe vani bhaji sevi, te vā vineyyasantānesu ‘‘kathaṃ nu kho uppajjeyyu’’nti vani yāci patthayīti bhagavā, bhagaṃ vā siriṃ, issariyaṃ, yasañca vami khelapiṇḍaṃ viya chaḍḍayīti bhagavā. Tathā hi bhagavā hatthagataṃ siriṃ, catuddīpissariyaṃ, cakkavattisampattisannissayañca sattaratanasamujjalaṃ yasaṃ anapekkho pariccajīti. Atha vā bhāni nāma nakkhattāni, tehi samaṃ gacchanti pavattantīti bhagā, sineruyugandharādigatā bhājanalokasobhā. Te bhagavā vami tappaṭibaddhachandarāgappahānena pajahatīti evampi bhage vamīti bhagavā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Dhammasarīraṃ paccakkhaṃ karotī’’</span>ti ‘‘yo vo ānanda mayā dhammo ca vinayo ca desito paññatto, so vo mamaccayena satthā’’ti vacanato <a name="P1.0061"></a> dhammassa satthubhāvapariyāyo vijjatīti katvā vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vajirasaṅghātasamānakāyo</span> <a name="M1.0048"></a><a name="V1.0044"></a> parehi abhejjasarīrattā. Na hi bhagavato rūpakāye kenaci antarāyo sakkā kātunti. <span class="bld">Desanāsampattiṃ niddisati</span> vakkhamānassa sakalasuttassa ‘‘eva’’nti niddisanato. <span class="bld">Sāvakasampattiṃ</span> niddisati paṭisambhidāppattena pañcasu ṭhānesu bhagavatā etadagge ṭhapitena mayā mahāsāvakena sutaṃ, tañca kho mayāva sutaṃ, na anussavitaṃ, na paramparābhatanti imassatthassa dīpanato. <span class="bld">Kālasampattiṃ</span> niddisati ‘‘bhagavā’’ti padassa sannidhāne payuttassa samaya-saddassa kālassa buddhuppādapaṭimaṇḍitabhāvadīpanato. Buddhuppādaparamā hi kālasampadā. Tenetaṃ vuccati –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Kappakasāye kaliyuge, buddhuppādo aho mahacchariyaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Hutāvahamajjhe jātaṃ, samuditamakarandamaravinda’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhagavāti desakasampattiṃ</span> niddisati guṇavisiṭṭhasattuttamagāravādhivacanato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vijjantarikāyā</span>ti vijjuniccharaṇakkhaṇe. <span class="bld">Antarato</span>ti hadaye. <span class="bld">Antarā</span>ti ārabbha nipphattīnaṃ vemajjhe. <span class="bld">Antarikāyā</span>ti antarāḷe. Ettha ca ‘‘tadantaraṃ ko jāneyya, etesaṃ antarā kappā, gaṇanāto asaṅkhiyā, antarantarā kathaṃ opātetī’’ti ca ādīsu viya kāraṇavemajjhesu vattamānā antarā-saddā eva <a name="P1.0062"></a> udāharitabbā siyuṃ, na pana cittakhaṇavivaresu vattamānā antarantarikā-saddā. Antarā-saddassa hi ayaṃ atthuddhāroti. Ayaṃ panettha adhippāyo siyā – yesu atthesu antarā-saddo vattati, tesu antarasaddopi vattatīti samānatthattā antarā-saddatthe vattamāno antara-saddo udāhaṭo, antarā-saddo eva vā ‘‘yassantarato’’ti ettha gāthāsukhatthaṃ rassaṃ katvā vuttoti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Antarā-saddo eva pana ika-saddena padaṃ vaḍḍhetvā ‘‘antarikā’’ti vuttoti evamettha udāharaṇodāharitabbānaṃ virodhābhāvo daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Ayojiyamāne upayogavacanaṃ na pāpuṇāti</span> sāmivacanassa pasaṅge antarā-saddayogena upayogavacanassa icchitattā. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘antarāsaddena yuttattā upayogavacanaṃ kata’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Niyato <a name="M1.0049"></a> sambodhiparāyaṇo, aṭṭhānametaṃ bhikkhave anavakāso, yaṃ diṭṭhisampanno puggalo sañcicca pāṇaṃ jīvitā voropeyya, ‘‘netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjatī’’ tiādivacanato diṭṭhisīlānaṃ niyatasabhāvattā sotāpannāpi aññamaññaṃ diṭṭhisīlasāmaññena saṃhatā, pageva sakadāgāmiādayo. ‘‘Tathārūpāya diṭṭhiyā diṭṭhisāmaññagato viharati, tathārūpesu sīlesu sīlasāmaññagato <a name="V1.0045"></a> viharatī’’ti vacanato puthujjanānampi diṭṭhisīlasāmaññena saṃhatabhāvo labbhatiyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Suppiyopi kho</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">kho</span>-saddo avadhāraṇattho ‘‘assosi kho’’tiādīsu <a name="P1.0063"></a> viya. Tena addhānamaggapaṭipanno ahosiyeva, nāssa maggapaṭipattiyā koci antarāyo ahosīti ayamattho dīpito hoti. <span class="bld">Tatrā</span>ti vā kālassa paṭiniddeso. Sopi hi ‘‘ekaṃ samaya’’nti pubbe adhikato. Yañhi samayaṃ bhagavā antarā rājagahañca nāḷandañca addhānamaggapaṭipanno, tasmiṃyeva samaye suppiyopi taṃ maggaṃ paṭipanno avaṇṇaṃ bhāsati, brahmadatto ca vaṇṇaṃ bhāsatīti. Pariyāyati parivattatīti <span class="bld">pariyāyo,</span> vāro. Pariyāyeti desetabbamatthaṃ paṭipādetīti <span class="bld">pariyāyo,</span> desanā. Pariyāyati attano phalaṃ pariggahetvā pavattatīti <span class="bld">pariyāyo,</span> kāraṇanti evaṃ pariyāya-saddassa vārādīsu pavatti veditabbā. <span class="bld">Kāraṇenā</span>ti kāraṇapatirūpakena. Tathā hi vakkhati ‘‘akāraṇameva kāraṇanti vatvā’’ti. Kasmā panettha ‘‘avaṇṇaṃ bhāsatī’’ti, ‘‘vaṇṇaṃ bhāsatī’’ti ca vattamānakālaniddeso kato, nanu saṅgītikālato so avaṇṇavaṇṇānaṃ bhāsitakālo atītoti? Saccametaṃ, ‘‘addhānamaggapaṭipanno hotī’’ti ettha hoti-saddo viya atītakālattho bhāsati-saddo ca daṭṭhabbo. Atha vā yasmiṃ kāle tehi avaṇṇo vaṇṇo ca bhāsīyati, taṃ apekkhitvā evaṃ vuttaṃ. Evañca katvā ‘‘tatrāti kālassa paṭiniddeso’’ti idañca vacanaṃ samatthitaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Akāraṇa</span>nti ayuttiṃ, anupapattinti attho. Na hi arasarūpatādayo dosā bhagavati saṃvijjanti, dhammasaṅghānañca durakkhātaduppaṭipannatādayoti. <span class="bld">Akāraṇa</span>nti vā yuttakāraṇarahitaṃ, paṭiññāmattanti adhippāyo<a name="M1.0050"></a>. Imasmiñca atthe <span class="bld">kāraṇanti vatvā</span>ti kāraṇaṃ vāti vatvāti attho. Arasarūpādīnañcettha jātivuḍḍhesu abhivādanādisāmīcikammākaraṇaṃ <span class="bld">kāraṇaṃ,</span> tathā <a name="P1.0064"></a> uttarimanussadhammālamariyañāṇadassanābhāvassa sundarikāmaguṇādinavabodho, saṃsārassa ādikoṭiyā apaññāyanapaṭiññā, abyākatavatthubyākaraṇanti evamādayo, tathā asabbaññutādīnaṃ kamāvabodhādayo yathārahaṃ niddhāretabbā. <span class="bld">Tathā tathā</span>ti jātivuḍḍhānaṃ anabhivādanādiākārena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Avaṇṇaṃ bhāsamāno</span>ti avaṇṇaṃbhāsanahetu. Hetuattho hi ayaṃ māna-saddo. <span class="bld">Anayabyasanaṃ pāpuṇissati</span> ekantamahāsāvajjattā ratanattayopavādassa. Tenevāha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yo <a name="V1.0046"></a> nindiyaṃ pasaṃsati,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Taṃ vā nindati yo pasaṃsiyo;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Vicināti mukhena so kaliṃ,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Kalinā tena sukhaṃ na vindatī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Amhākaṃ ācariyo’’tiādinā brahmadattassa saṃveguppattiṃ, attano ācariye kāruññappavattiñca dassetvā kiñcāpi antevāsinā ācariyassa anukūlena bhavitabbaṃ, ayaṃ pana paṇḍitajātikattā na edisesu taṃ anuvattatīti, idāni tassa kammassakataññāṇappavattiṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘ācariye kho panā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Vaṇṇaṃ bhāsituṃ āraddho</span> ‘‘apināmāyaṃ ettakenāpi ratanattayāvaṇṇato orameyyā’’ti. Vaṇṇīyatīti <span class="bld">vaṇṇo,</span> guṇo. Vaṇṇanaṃ guṇasaṅkittananti <span class="bld">vaṇṇo,</span> pasaṃsā. <span class="bld">Saṃññūḷhā</span>ti ganthitā, nibandhitāti attho. Atitthena pakkhando dhammakathikoti na vattabbo aparimāṇaguṇattā buddhādīnaṃ<a name="P1.0065"></a>, niravasesānañca tesaṃ idha pakāsanaṃ pāḷisaṃvaṇṇanāyeva sampajjatīti. <span class="bld">Anussavādī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena ākāraparivitakkadiṭṭhinijjhānakkhantiyo saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Attano thāmena vaṇṇaṃ abhāsi,</span> na pana buddhādīnaṃ guṇānurūpanti adhippāyo. Asaṅkhyayyāparimitappabhedā hi buddhādīnaṃ guṇā. Vuttañhetaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Buddhopi <a name="M1.0051"></a> buddhassa bhaṇeyya vaṇṇaṃ,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Kappampi ce aññamabhāsamāno;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Khīyetha kappo ciradīghamantare,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Vaṇṇo na khīyetha tathāgatassā’’ti.</p>
<p class="unindented">Idhāpi vakkhati ‘‘appamattakaṃ kho paneta’’ntiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Iti ha te</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">itī</span>ti vuttappakāraparāmasanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ha</span>-kāro nipātamattanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ te’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Iriyāpathānubandhanena anubandhā honti,</span> na pana sammāpaṭipattianubandhanenāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Tasmiṃ kāle</span>ti yasmiṃ saṃvacchare utumhi māse pakkhe vā bhagavā taṃ addhānamaggaṃ paṭipanno, tasmiṃ kāle. Teneva hi kiriyāvicchedadassanavasena ‘‘rājagahe piṇḍāya caratī’’ti vattamānakālaniddeso <a name="V1.0047"></a> kato. <span class="bld">So</span>ti evaṃ rājagahe vasamāno bhagavā. <span class="bld">Taṃ divasa</span>nti yaṃ divasaṃ addhānamaggapaṭipanno, taṃ divasaṃ. <span class="bld">Taṃ addhānaṃ paṭipanno</span> nāḷandāyaṃ veneyyānaṃ vividha hitasukhanipphattiṃ ākaṅkhamāno imissā ca aṭṭhuppattiyā tividhasīlālaṅkataṃ nānāvidhakuhanalapanādimicchājīvaviddhaṃsanaṃ dvāsaṭṭhidiṭṭhijālaviniveṭhanaṃ dasasahassilokadhātupakampanaṃ brahmajālasuttantaṃ desessāmīti. Ettāvatā ‘‘kasmā pana bhagavā taṃ addhānaṃ paṭipanno’’ti codanā visodhitā hoti. ‘‘Kasmā ca suppiyo anubandho’’ti ayaṃ pana codanā ‘‘bhagavato <a name="P1.0066"></a> taṃ maggaṃ paṭipannabhāvaṃ ajānanto’’ti etena visodhitā hoti. Na hi so bhagavantaṃ daṭṭhumeva icchatīti. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘sace pana jāneyya, nānubandheyyā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nīlapītalohitodātamañjiṭṭhapabhassaravasena <span class="bld">‘‘chabbaṇṇarasmiyo. ‘‘Samantā asītihatthappamāṇe’’</span>ti tāsaṃ rasmīnaṃ pakatiyā pavattiṭṭhānavasena vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Tasmiṃ kira samaye’’</span>ti ca tasmiṃ addhānagamanasamaye buddhasiriyā anigūhitabhāvadassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Na hi tadā tassā nigūhane pakkusātiabhigamanādīsu viya kiñcipi kāraṇaṃ atthīti. <span class="bld">Ratanāveḷaṃ</span> ratanavaṭaṃsakaṃ. <span class="bld">Cīnapiṭṭhacuṇṇaṃ </span>sindhanacuṇṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Byāmappabhāparikkhepavilāsinī <a name="M1.0052"></a> ca <span class="bld">assa</span> bhagavato <span class="bld">lakkhaṇamālā</span>ti mahāpurisalakkhaṇāni aññamaññapaṭibaddhattā evamāha. Dvattiṃsāya candamaṇḍalānaṃ mālā kenaci ganthetvā ṭhapitā yadi siyāti parikappanavasenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ganthetvā ṭhapitadvattiṃsacandamālāyā’’</span>ti. Siriṃ abhibhavantī ivāti sambandho. Esa nayo <span class="bld">sūriyamālāyā</span>tiādīsupi. <span class="bld">Mahātherā</span>ti mahāsāvake sandhāyāha. Evaṃ gacchantaṃ bhagavantaṃ bhikkhū ca disvā atha attano parisaṃ avalokesīti sambandho. <span class="bld">‘‘Yasmā panesā’’</span>tiādinā ‘‘kasmā ca so ratanattayassa avaṇṇaṃ bhāsatī’’ti codanaṃ visodheti. <span class="bld">Itī</span>ti evaṃ, vuttappakārenāti attho. <span class="bld">Imehi dvīhī</span>ti lābhaparivārahāniṃ nigamanavasena dasseti. Bhagavato virodhānunayābhāvavīmaṃsanatthaṃ ete avaṇṇaṃ vaṇṇañca bhāsantīti apare. ‘‘Mārena anvāviṭṭhā evaṃ karontī’’ti ca vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para2"></a><a name="para2_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">2</span>. Ambalaṭṭhikāya avidūre bhavattā uyyānaṃ <span class="bld">ambalaṭṭhikā</span> yathā ‘‘varuṇānagaraṃ, godāgāmo’’ti. Keci pana <span class="bld">‘‘ambalaṭṭhikā</span>ti yathāvuttanayeneva ekagāmo’’ti vadanti<a name="P1.0067"></a>. Tesaṃ mate <span class="bld">ambalaṭṭhikāya</span>nti samīpatthe bhummavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Rājāgārakaṃ</span> vessavaṇamahārājadevāyatananti eke. <span class="bld">Bahuparissayo</span>ti bahupaddavo. <span class="bld">‘‘Saddhiṃ antevāsinā brahmadattena māṇavenā’’ti vuttaṃ</span> sīhaḷaṭṭhakathāyaṃ. Tañca kho pāḷi āruḷhavaseneva, na pana tadā suppiyassa parisāya abhāvato. Kasmā panettha <a name="V1.0048"></a> brahmadattoyeva pāḷi āruḷho, na suppiyassa parisāti? Payojanābhāvato. Yathā cetaṃ, evaṃ aññampi edisaṃ payojanābhāvato saṅgītikārehi na saṅgahitanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Keci pana <span class="bld">‘‘vutta</span>nti pāḷiyaṃ vutta’’nti vadanti, taṃ na yujjati pāḷiāruḷhavasena pāḷiyaṃ vuttanti āpajjanato. Tasmā yathāvuttanayenevettha attho gahetabbo. Parivāretvā nisinno hotīti sambandho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para3"></a><a name="para3_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">3</span>. <span class="bld">Kathādhammo</span>ti kathāsabhāvo, <span class="bld">kathādhammo</span> upaparikkhāvidhīti keci. Nīyatīti nayo, attho. Saddasatthaṃ anugato nayo <span class="bld">saddanayo.</span> Tattha hi anabhiṇhavuttike acchariya-saddo icchito. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘andhassa pabbatārohaṇaṃ viyā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Accharāyogganti</span> <span class="bld">acchariya</span>nti niruttinayo<a name="M1.0053"></a>, so pana yasmā porāṇaṭṭhakathāyaṃ āgato, tasmā āha <span class="bld">‘‘aṭṭhakathānayo</span>ti. Yāvañcidaṃ suppaṭividitāti sambandho, tassa yattakaṃ suṭṭhu paṭividitā, taṃ ettakanti na sakkā amhehi paṭivijjhituṃ, akkhātuṃ vāti attho. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘tena suppaṭividitatāya appameyyataṃ dassetī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pakatatthapaṭiniddeso taṃ-saddoti tassa ‘‘bhagavatā’’tiādīhi padehi samānādhikaraṇabhāvena vuttassa yena abhisambuddhabhāvena bhagavā pakato supākaṭo ca hoti, taṃ abhisambuddhabhāvaṃ saddhiṃ āgamanapaṭipadāya atthabhāvena dassento <span class="bld">‘‘yo so…pe… abhisambuddho’’</span>ti āha. Satipi ñāṇadassana-saddānaṃ idha paññāvevacanabhāve tena tena visesena nesaṃ savisayavisesappavattidassanatthaṃ asādhāraṇañāṇavisesavasena <a name="P1.0068"></a> vijjattayavasena vijjābhiññānāvaraṇavasena sabbaññutaññāṇamaṃsacakkhuvasena paṭivedhadesanāñāṇavasena ca tadatthaṃ yojetvā dassento <span class="bld">‘‘tesaṃ tesa’’</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">āsayānusayaṃ jānatā</span>āsayānusayañāṇena.<span class="bld"> Sabbañeyyadhammaṃ passatā</span> sabbaññutānāvaraṇañāṇehi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pubbenivāsādīhī</span>ti pubbenivāsāsavakkhayañāṇehi. <span class="bld">Paṭivedhapaññāyā</span>ti ariyamaggapaññāya. <span class="bld">Arīna</span>nti kilesārīnaṃ, pañcavidhamārānaṃ vā, sāsanapaccatthikānaṃ vā aññatitthiyānaṃ, tesaṃ hananaṃ pāṭihāriyehi abhibhavanaṃ, appaṭibhānatākaraṇaṃ, ajjhupekkhanañca. Kesivinayasuttañcettha nidassanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā ṭhānāṭhānādīni <span class="bld">jānatā,</span> yathākammūpage satte <span class="bld">passatā,</span> savāsanānaṃ āsavānaṃ khīṇattā <span class="bld">arahatā,</span> abhiññeyyādibhede dhamme abhiññeyyādito aviparītāvabodhato <span class="bld">sammāsambuddhena</span><a name="V1.0049"></a>. Atha vā tīsu kālesu appaṭihatañāṇatāya <span class="bld">jānatā,</span> tiṇṇampi kammānaṃ ñāṇānuparivattito nisammakāritāya <span class="bld">passatā,</span> davādīnampi abhāvasādhikāya pahānasampadāya <span class="bld">arahatā,</span> chandādīnaṃ ahānihetubhūtāya aparikkhayapaṭibhānasādhikāya sabbaññutāya <span class="bld">sammāsambuddhenā</span>ti evaṃ dasabalaṭṭhārasāveṇikabuddhadhammehipi yojanā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadipi <a name="M1.0054"></a> hīnakalyāṇabhedena duvidhāva adhimutti pāḷiyaṃ vuttā, pavattiākāravasena pana anekabhedabhinnāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘nānādhimuttikatā’’</span>ti. Sā pana adhimutti ajjhāsayadhātu, tadapi tathā tathā dassanaṃ khamanaṃ rocanañcāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘nānājjhāsayatā…pe… rucitā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Nānādhimuttikatañāṇenā</span>ti cettha sabbaññutañāṇaṃ adhippetaṃ, na dasabalañāṇanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbaññutañāṇenā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Iti ha me</span>ti ettha evaṃ-saddattho <span class="bld">iti</span>-saddo, <span class="bld">ha</span>-kāro <a name="P1.0069"></a> nipātamattaṃ saralopo ca katoti dassetuṃ vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ ime’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para4"></a><a name="para4_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">4</span>. <span class="bld">Arahattamaggena samugghātaṃ kataṃ,</span> yato ‘‘natthi abyāvaṭamano’’ti buddhadhammesu vuccati. <span class="bld">Vītināmetvā</span> phalasamāpattīhi. <span class="bld">Nivāsetvā</span> vihāranivāsanaparivattanavasena. <span class="bld">‘‘Kadāci ekako’’</span>tiādi tesaṃ tesaṃ vineyyānaṃ vinayanānukūlaṃ bhagavato upasaṅkamadassanaṃ. Pādanikkhepasamaye bhūmiyā samabhāvāpatti suppatiṭṭhitapādatāya nissandaphalaṃ, na iddhinimmānaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Ṭhapitamatte dakkhiṇapāde’’</span>ti buddhānaṃ sabbadakkhiṇatāya vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Arahatte</span> patiṭṭhahantīti sambandho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dullabhā sampattī</span>ti satipi manussattapaṭilābhe patirūpadesavāsaindriyāvekallasaddhāpaṭilābhādayo guṇā dullabhāti attho. <span class="bld">Cātumahārājikabhavana</span>nti cātumahārājikadevaloke suññavimānāni gacchantīti attho. Esa nayo <span class="bld">tāvatiṃsabhavanā</span>dīsupi. <span class="bld">Kālayutta</span>nti imissā velāya imassa evaṃ vattabbanti taṃtaṃkālānurūpaṃ. <span class="bld">Samayayutta</span>nti tasseva vevacanaṃ, aṭṭhuppattianurūpaṃ vā. Atha vā <span class="bld">samayayutta</span>nti hetūdāharaṇasahitaṃ. Kālena sāpadesañhi bhagavā dhammaṃ deseti. <span class="bld">Utuṃ gaṇhapeti,</span> na pana malaṃ pakkhāletīti adhippāyo. Na hi bhagavato kāye rajojallaṃ upalimpatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kilāsubhāvo</span> kilamatho. Sīhaseyyaṃ kappeti sarīrassa kilāsubhāvamocanatthanti yojetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Buddhacakkhunā lokaṃ voloketī’’</span>ti idaṃ pacchimayāme bhagavato bahulaāciṇṇavasena vuttaṃ. Appekadā avasiṭṭhabalañāṇehi sabbaññutañāṇena ca bhagavā tamatthaṃ sādhetīti. ‘‘Ime diṭṭhiṭṭhānā’’tiādidesanā <a name="P1.0070"></a> <span class="bld">sīhanādo.</span> Tesaṃ ‘‘vedanāpaccayā taṇhā’’ tiādinā <a name="V1.0050"></a> <span class="bld">paccayākāraṃ samodhānetvā. ‘‘Sineruṃ <a name="M1.0055"></a> ukkhipanto viya nabhaṃ paharanto viya cā’’</span>ti idaṃ brahmajāladesanāya anaññasādhāraṇattā sudukkaratādassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Eta</span>nti ‘‘yena, tenā’’ti etaṃ padadvayaṃ. <span class="bld">Yenā</span>ti vā hetumhi karaṇavacanaṃ, <span class="bld">yena</span> kāraṇena <span class="bld">so</span> maṇḍalamāḷo upasaṅkamitabbo, <span class="bld">tena</span> kāraṇena upasaṅkamīti attho, kāraṇaṃ pana ‘‘ime bhikkhū’’tiādinā aṭṭhakathāyaṃ vuttaṃeva. <span class="bld">Kaṭṭha</span>nti nisīdanayogyaṃ dārukkhandhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Purimo</span>ti ‘‘katamāya nu bhavathā’’ti evaṃ vutto attho. <span class="bld">Kā ca pana vo</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">ca</span>-saddo byatireke. Tena yathāpucchitāya kathāya vakkhamānaṃ vippakatabhāvaṃ joteti. <span class="bld">Pana</span>-saddo vacanālaṅkāro. Yāya hi kathāya te bhikkhū sannisinnā, sā eva antarākathābhūtā vippakatā visesena puna pucchīyatīti. <span class="bld">Aññā</span>ti antarāsaddassa atthamāha. Aññatthe hi ayaṃ antarā-saddo ‘‘bhūmantaraṃ samayantara’’ntiādīsu viya. <span class="bld">Antarā</span>ti vā vemajjheti attho. Nanu ca tehi bhikkhūhi sā kathā yathādhippāyaṃ ‘‘iti ha me’’tiādinā niṭṭhapitā yevāti? Na niṭṭhāpitā bhagavato upasaṅkamanena upacchinnattā. Yadi hi bhagavā tasmiṃ khaṇe na upasaṅkameyya bhiyyopi tappaṭibaddhāyeva kathā pavatteyyuṃ, bhagavato upasaṅkamanena pana na pavattesuṃ. Tenevāha <span class="bld">ayaṃ kho…pe… anuppatto’’</span>ti. Kasmā panettha dhammavinayasaṅgahe kariyamāne nidānavacanaṃ, nanu bhagavato vacanameva saṅgahetabbanti? Vuccatedesanāya ṭhitiasammosasaddheyyabhāvasampādanatthaṃ. Kāladesadesakavatthudhammapaṭiggāhakapaṭibaddhā hi desanā ciraṭṭhitikā <a name="P1.0071"></a> hoti, asammosadhammā saddheyyā ca. Desakālakattusotunimittehi upanibandho viya vohāravinicchayo, teneva cāyasmatā mahākassapena ‘‘brahmajālaṃ āvuso ānanda kattha bhāsita’’ntiādinā desādipucchāsu katāsu tāsaṃ vissajjanaṃ karontena dhammabhaṇḍāgārikena nidānaṃ bhāsitanti tayidamāha <span class="bld">‘‘kāla…pe… nidānaṃ bhāsita’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica satthusiddhiyā nidānavacanaṃ. Tathāgatassa hi bhagavato pubbaracanānumānāgamatakkābhāvato sammāsambuddhattasiddhi. Sammāsambuddhabhāvena hissa pubbaracanādīnaṃ abhāvo sabbattha appaṭihatañāṇacāratāya, ekappamāṇattā <a name="M1.0056"></a> ca ñeyyadhammesu. Tathā ācariyamuṭṭhidhammamacchariyasatthusāvakānurodhābhāvato khīṇāsavattasiddhi. Khīṇā savatāya hissa ācariyamuṭṭhiādīnaṃ abhāvo, visuddhā ca parānuggahappavatti. Iti desakadosabhūtānaṃ diṭṭhicārittasampattidūsakānaṃ avijjātaṇhānaṃ abhāvasūcakehi, ñāṇappahānasampadābhi byañjanakehi ca sambuddhavisuddhabhāvehi purimavesārajjadvayasiddhi, tato eva ca antarāyikaniyyānikadhammesu sammohābhāvasiddhito pacchimavesārajjadvayasiddhīti bhagavato catuvesārajjasamannāgamo<a name="V1.0051"></a>, attahitaparahitappaṭipatti ca pakāsitā hoti nidānavacanena sampattaparisāya ajjhāsayānurūpaṃ ṭhānuppattikappaṭibhānena dhammadesanādīpanato, ‘‘jānatā passatā’’tiādi vacanato ca. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘satthusiddhiyā nidānavacana’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā satthusiddhiyā nidānavacanaṃ. Ñāṇakaruṇāpariggahitasabbakiriyassa <a name="P1.0072"></a> hi bhagavato natthi niratthikā pavatti, attahitatthā vā, tasmā paresaṃyeva atthāya pavattasabbakiriyassa sammāsambuddhassa sakalampi kāyavacīmanokammaṃ satthubhūtaṃ, na kabyaracanādisāsanabhūtaṃ. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘satthusiddhiyā nidānavacana’’nti. Apica satthuno pamāṇabhūtatāvibhāvanena sāsanassa pamāṇabhāvasiddhiyā nidānavacanaṃ. ‘‘Bhagavatā’’ti hi iminā tathāgatassa guṇavisiṭṭhasattuttamādibhāvadīpanena, ‘‘jānatā’’tiādinā āsayānusayañāṇādipayogadīpanena ca ayamattho sādhito hoti. Idamettha nidānavacanapayojanassa mukhamattadassanaṃ. Ko hi samattho buddhānubuddhena dhammabhaṇḍāgārikena bhāsitassa nidānassa payojanāni niravasesato vibhāvetunti.</p>
<p class="centered">Nidānavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para5"></a><a name="para5_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">5</span>. <span class="bld">Nikkhittassā</span>ti desitassa. Desanāpi hi desetabbassa sīlādiatthassa vineyyasantānesu nikkhipanato ‘‘nikkhepo’’ti vuccati. Tattha yathā anekasataanekasahassabhedānipi suttantāni saṃkilesabhāgiyādisāsanappaṭṭhānanayena soḷasavidhataṃ nātivattanti, evaṃ attajjhāsayādisuttanikkhepavasena catubbidhabhāvanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘cattāro suttanikkhepā’’</span>ti. Kāmañcettha attajjhāsayassa, aṭṭhuppattiyā <a name="P1.0073"></a> ca parajjhāsayapucchāhi <a name="M1.0057"></a> saddhiṃ saṃsaggabhedo sambhavati ajjhāsayapucchānusandhisabbhāvato, attajjhāsayaaṭṭhuppattīnaṃ pana aññamaññaṃ saṃsaggo natthīti nayidha niravaseso vitthāranayo sambhavati, tasmā ‘‘cattāro suttanikkhepā’’ti vuttaṃ. Atha vā yadipi aṭṭhuppattiyā ajjhāsayena siyā saṃsaggabhedo, tadantogadhattā pana sesanikkhepānaṃ mūlanikkhepavasena cattārova dassitāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. So panāyaṃ suttanikkhepo sāmaññabhāvato paṭhamaṃ vicāretabbo, tasmiṃ vicārite yassā aṭṭhuppattiyā idaṃ suttaṃ nikkhittaṃ, tassā vibhāgavasena ‘‘mamaṃ vā bhikkhave’’tiādinā (dī. ni. 1.5, 6), ‘‘appamattakaṃ kho paneta’’ntiādinā (dī. ni. 1.7), ‘‘atthi bhikkhave’’tiādinā (dī. ni. 1.28) ca pavattānaṃ suttānaṃ suttapadesānaṃ vaṇṇanā vuccamānā taṃtaṃanusandhidassanasukhatāya <a name="V1.0052"></a> suviññeyyā hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘suttanikkhepaṃ vicāretvā vuccamānā pākaṭā hotī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Suttanikkhepā’’</span>tiādīsu nikkhipanaṃ nikkhepo, suttassa nikkhepo suttassa kathanaṃ <span class="bld">suttanikkhepo,</span> suttadesanāti attho. Nikkhipīyatīti vā nikkhepo, suttaṃyeva nikkhepo <span class="bld">suttanikkhepo. </span> Attano ajjhāsayo attajjhāsayo, so assa atthi suttadesanākāraṇabhūtoti <span class="bld">attajjhāsayo.</span> Attano ajjhāsayo etassāti vā <span class="bld">attajjhāsayo. Parajjhāsayo</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo. Pucchāya vaso pucchāvaso, so etassa atthīti <span class="bld">pucchavasiko.</span> Araṇīyato attho, suttadesanāya vatthu. Atthassa uppatti atthuppatti, atthuppattiyeva aṭṭhuppatti, sā etassa atthīti <span class="bld">aṭṭhuppattiko.</span> Atha vā nikkhipīyati suttaṃ etenāti <span class="bld">suttanikkhepo,</span> attajjhāsayādi eva. Etasmiṃ pana atthavikappe attano ajjhāsayo <span class="bld">attajjhāsayo,</span> paresaṃ ajjhāsayo <span class="bld">parajjhāsayo,</span> pucchīyatīti pucchā, pucchitabbo attho. Sotabbavasappavattaṃ dhammappaṭiggāhakānaṃ vacanaṃ pucchāvasikā, tadeva nikkhepasaddāpekkhāya pulliṅgavasena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pucchāvasiko’’</span>ti. Tathā aṭṭhuppattiyeva <span class="bld">‘‘aṭṭhuppattiko’’</span>ti evampettha attho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca paresaṃ indriyaparipākādikāraṇanirapekkhatā attajjhāsayassa visuṃ nikkhepabhāvo yutto. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘kevalaṃ attano ajjhāsayeneva kathetī’’</span>ti. Parajjhāsayapucchāvasikānaṃ pana paresaṃ ajjhāsayapucchānaṃ <a name="M1.0058"></a><a name="P1.0074"></a> desanānimittabhūtānaṃ uppattiyaṃ pavattitānaṃ kathaṃ aṭṭhuppattiyaṃ anavarodho, pucchāvasikaaṭṭhuppattikānaṃ vā parajjhāsayānurodhena pavattitadesanattā kathaṃ parajjhāsaye anavarodhoti na codetabbametaṃ. Paresañhi abhinīhāraparipucchādivinimuttasseva suttadesanākāraṇuppādassa aṭṭhuppattibhāvena gahitattā parajjhāsayapucchāvasikānaṃ visuṃ gahaṇaṃ. Tathā hi dhammadāyādasuttādīnaṃ (ma. ni. 1.29) āmisuppādādidesanānimittaṃ ‘‘aṭṭhuppattī’’ti vuccati. Paresaṃ pucchaṃ vinā ajjhāsayameva nimittaṃ katvā desito parajjhāsayo, pucchāvasena desito pucchāvasikoti pākaṭo yamatthoti. <span class="bld">Attano ajjhāsayeneva kathesi</span> dhammatantiṭhapanatthanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Sammappadhānasuttantahārako</span>ti anupubbena niddiṭṭhānaṃ saṃyuttake sammappadhānapaṭisaṃyuttānaṃ suttānaṃ āvaḷi, tathā <span class="bld">iddhipādahārakādi.</span> <span class="bld">Vimuttiparipācanīyā dhammā</span> saddhindriyādayo. <span class="bld">Abhinīhāra</span>nti paṇidhānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vaṇṇāvaṇṇe</span>ti ettha ‘‘acchariyaṃ āvuso’’tiādinā bhikkhusaṅghena vutto vaṇṇopi saṅgahito, taṃ pana aṭṭhuppattiṃ katvā ‘‘atthi bhikkhave aññe ca dhammā’’tiādinā upari desanaṃ <a name="V1.0053"></a> ārabhissatīti. ‘‘Mamaṃ vā bhikkhave pare vaṇṇaṃ bhāseyyu’’nti imissā desanāya brahmadattena vuttavaṇṇo aṭṭhuppattīti katvā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘antevāsī vaṇṇaṃ. Iti imaṃ vaṇṇāvaṇṇaṃ aṭṭhuppattiṃ katvā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Vā</span>-saddo upamānasamuccayasaṃsayavavassaggapadapūraṇavikappādīsu bahūsu atthesu dissati. Tathā hesa ‘‘paṇḍito vāpi tena so’’tiādīsu <a name="P1.0075"></a> (dha. pa. 63) upamāne dissati, sadisabhāveti attho. ‘‘Taṃ vāpi dhīrā muni vedayantī’’tiādīsu (su. ni. 203) samuccaye, ‘‘ke vā ime, kassa vā’’tiādīsu (pārā. 296) saṃsaye, ‘‘ayaṃ vā imesaṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ sabbabālo sabbamūḷho’’tiādīsu vavassagge, ‘‘na vāyaṃ kumārako mattamaññāsī’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 2.154) padapūraṇe, ‘‘ye hi keci bhikkhave samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.170) vikappe, idhāyaṃ vikappeyevāti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘vā-saddo vikappanattho’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Para</span>-saddo attheva aññatthe ‘‘ahañceva kho pana dhammaṃ deseyyaṃ, pare ca me na ājāneyyu’’ntiādīsu (dī. ni. 2.64, 65; ma. ni. 1.281; ma. ni. 2.223; saṃ. ni. 1.172; mahāva. 4, 8) atthi adhike <a name="M1.0059"></a> ‘‘indriyaparopariyattañāṇa’’ntiādīsu (paṭi. ma. mātikā 68, 1.111) atthi pacchābhāge ‘‘parato āgamissatī’’tiādīsu. Atthi paccanīkabhāve ‘‘uppannaṃ parappavādaṃ saha dhammena suniggahitaṃ niggahetvā’’tiādīsu <a name="P1.0076"></a> (dī. ni. 2.168). Idhāpi paccanīkabhāveti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘pareti paṭiviruddhā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Īdisesupī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">pi</span>-saddo sambhāvane, tena ratanattayanimittampi akusalacittappavatti na kātabbā, pageva vaṭṭāmisalokāmisanimittanti dasseti. Sabhāvadhammato aññassa kattuabhāvajotanatthaṃ āhanatīti kattuatthe āghātasaddaṃ dasseti, tattha <span class="bld">āhanatī</span>ti hiṃsati vibādhati, upatāpeti cāti attho. Āhanati etena, āhananamattaṃ vā <span class="bld">āghāto</span>ti karaṇabhāvatthāpi sambhavantiyeva. Evaṃ avayavabhedanena āghāta-saddassa atthaṃ vatvā idāni tattha pariyāyenapi atthaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘kopassetaṃ adhivacana’’</span>nti āha. Ayañca nayo <span class="bld">‘‘appaccayo anabhiraddhī’’</span>tiādīsupi yathāsambhavaṃ vattabbo. <span class="bld">Appatītā honti tenā</span>ti pākaṭapariyāyena appaccaya-saddassa atthadassanaṃ, taṃmukhena pana na pacceti tenāti <span class="bld">appaccayo</span>ti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Abhirādhayatī</span>ti sādhayati. <span class="bld">Dvīhī</span>ti āghātaanabhiraddhipadehi. <span class="bld">Ekenā</span>ti appaccayapadena. <span class="bld">Sesāna</span>nti saññāviññāṇakkhandhānaṃ, saññāviññāṇaavasiṭṭhasaṅkhārakkhandhasaṅkhātānaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Karaṇa</span>nti uppādanaṃ. Āghātādīnañhi pavattiyā paccayasamavāyanaṃ idha ‘‘karaṇa’’nti vuttaṃ, taṃ pana atthato uppādanameva. Anuppādanañhi sandhāya bhagavatā ‘‘na karaṇīyā’’ti vuttanti. <span class="bld">Paṭikkhittameva</span> ekuppādekavatthukekārammaṇekanirodhabhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti <a name="V1.0054"></a> tasmiṃ manopadose. <span class="bld">Tumha</span>nti ‘‘tumhāka’’nti iminā samānattho eko saddo ‘‘yathā amhāka’’nti iminā samānattho ‘‘amha’’nti ayaṃ saddo. Yathāha, ‘‘tasmā hi amhaṃ daharā na miyyare’’ti (jā. 1.9.93, 99). <span class="bld">‘‘Antarāyo’’</span>ti <a name="P1.0077"></a> idaṃ manopadosassa akaraṇīyatāya kāraṇavacanaṃ. Yasmā tumhākaṃyeva ca bhaveyya tena kopādinā paṭhamajjhānādīnaṃ antarāyo, tasmā te kopādipariyāyena vuttā āghātādayo na karaṇīyāti attho. Tena nāhaṃ ‘‘sabbaññū’’ti issarabhāvena tumhe tato nivāremi, atha kho iminā nāma kāraṇenāti dasseti. Taṃ pana kāraṇavacanaṃ <a name="M1.0060"></a> yasmā ādīnavavibhāvanaṃ hoti, tasmā āha <span class="bld">‘‘ādīnavaṃ dassento’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">‘‘Api nu tumhe’’</span>tiādinā manopadoso na kālantarabhāvinoyeva hitasukhassa antarāyakaro, atha kho taṅkhaṇappavattirahassapi hitasukhassa antarāyakaroti manopadose ādīnavaṃ daḷhataraṃ katvā dasseti. <span class="bld">Yesaṃ kesañci</span> ‘‘pare’’tiādīsu viya na paṭiviruddhānaṃyevāti attho. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘kupito’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Andhatama</span>nti andhabhāvakaratamaṃ. <span class="bld">Ya</span>nti yattha. Bhummatthe hi etaṃ paccattavacanaṃ. Yasmiṃ kāle kodho sahate naraṃ, andhatamaṃ tadā hotīti sambandho. <span class="bld">Ya</span>nti vā kāraṇavacanaṃ, yasmā kodho uppajjamāno naraṃ abhibhavati, tasmā andhatamaṃ tadā hoti, yadā kodhoti attho yaṃtaṃsaddānaṃ ekantasambandhibhāvato. Atha vā <span class="bld">ya</span>nti kiriyāya parāmasanaṃ. <span class="bld">Kodho sahate</span>ti yadetaṃ kodhassa sahanaṃ abhibhavanaṃ, etaṃ andhakāratamabhavananti attho. Atha vā yaṃ naraṃ kodho sahate abhibhavati, tassa andhatamaṃ tadā hoti, tato ca kuddho atthaṃ na jānāti, kuddho dhammaṃ na passatīti. <span class="bld">Antarato</span>ti abbhantarato, cittato vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Idañcidañca kāraṇa’’</span>nti iminā sabbaññū eva amhākaṃ satthā aviparītadhammadesanattā, svākkhāto dhammo ekantaniyyānikattā, suppaṭipanno saṅgho saṃkilesarahitattāti imamatthaṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">‘‘Idañcidañca kāraṇa’’</span>nti etena ca ‘‘na <a name="P1.0078"></a> sabbaññū’’tiādivacanaṃ abhūtaṃ atacchanti nibbeṭhitaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Dutiyaṃ pada</span>nti ‘‘ataccha’’nti padaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭhamassā</span>ti ‘‘abhūta’’nti padassa. <span class="bld">Catutthañcā</span>ti ‘‘na ca panetaṃ amhesu saṃvijjatī’’ti padaṃ. <span class="bld">Tatiyassā</span>ti ‘‘natthi cetaṃ amhesū’’ti padassa. <span class="bld">Avaṇṇeyevā</span>ti kāraṇapatirūpakaṃ vatvā dosapatiṭṭhāpanavasena nindane eva. <span class="bld">Na sabbatthā</span>ti kevalaṃ akkosanakhuṃsanavambhanādīsu na ekantena nibbeṭhanaṃ kātabbanti attho. Vuttamevatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yadi hī’’</span>tiādinā pākaṭaṃ katvā dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para6"></a><a name="para6_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">6</span>. <span class="bld">Ānandanti</span> pamodanti <span class="bld">etena</span> dhammena taṃsamaṅgino sattāti ānanda-saddassa karaṇatthataṃ dasseti<a name="V1.0055"></a>. Sobhanaṃ mano assāti sumano, sobhanaṃ vā mano sumano, tassa bhāvo somanassanti tadaññadhammānampi sampayuttānaṃ somanassabhāvo āpajjatīti? Nāpajjati ruḷhīsaddattā <a name="M1.0061"></a> yathā ‘‘paṅkaja’’nti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘cetasikasukhassetaṃ adhivacana’’</span>nti āha. Ubbilayatīti ubbilaṃ, bhindati purimāvatthāya visesaṃ āpajjatīti attho. Ubbilameva ubbilāvitaṃ, tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">ubbilāvitattaṃ.</span> Yāya uppannāya kāyacittaṃ vātapūritabhastā viya uddhumāyanākārappattaṃ hoti, tassā gehassitāya odaggiyapītiyā etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘uddhaccāvahāyā’’</span>tiādi. Idhāpi ‘‘kiñcāpi tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ ubbilāvitameva natthi, atha kho āyatiṃ kulaputtānaṃ edisesupi ṭhānesu akusaluppattiṃ paṭisedhento dhammanettiṃ ṭhapetī’’ti, <span class="bld">‘‘dvīhi padehi saṅkhārakkhandho, ekena vedanākkhandho vutto’’</span>ti ettha ‘‘tesaṃ vasena sesānampi sampayuttadhammānaṃ karaṇaṃ paṭikkhittamevā’’ti ca aṭṭhakathāyaṃ, <span class="bld">‘‘pi</span>-saddo sambhāvane’’tiādinā idha ca vuttanayena attho yathāsambhavaṃ veditabbo. <span class="bld">‘‘Tumhaṃyevassa</span> <a name="P1.0079"></a> <span class="bld">tena antarāyo’’</span>ti etthāpi ‘‘antarāyoti ida’’ntiādinā heṭṭhā avaṇṇapakkhe vuttanayena attho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kasmā paneta</span>nti ca vakkhamānaṃyeva atthaṃ manasi katvā codeti. Ācariyo <span class="bld">‘‘saccaṃ vaṇṇita’’</span>nti tamatthaṃ paṭijānitvā <span class="bld">‘‘taṃ pana nekkhammanissita’’</span>ntiādinā pariharati. Tattha <span class="bld">eta</span>nti ānandādīnaṃ akaraṇīyatāvacanaṃ. Nanu bhagavatā vaṇṇitanti sambandho. <span class="bld">Kasiṇenā</span>ti kasiṇatāya sakalabhāvena. Keci pana <span class="bld">‘‘jambudīpassā</span>ti karaṇe sāmivacana’’nti vadanti, tesaṃ matena kasiṇajambudīpa-saddānaṃ samānādhikaraṇabhāvo daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā gehassitapītisomanassaṃ jhānādīnaṃ antarāyakaraṃ, tasmā. Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā ‘‘somanassaṃ pāhaṃ devānaṃ inda duvidhena vadāmi sevitabbampi asevitabbampī’’ti (dī. ni. 2.359). <span class="bld">‘‘Ayañhī’’</span>tiādi yena sampayuttā pīti antarāyakarī, taṃ dassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Tattha ‘‘idañhi lobhasahagataṃ pītisomanassa’’nti vattabbaṃ siyā, pītiggahaṇena pana somanassampi gahitameva hoti somanassarahitāya pītiyā abhāvatoti pītiyeva gahitāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Atha vā sevitabbāsevitabbavibhāgavacanato somanassassa pākaṭo antarāyakarabhāvo, na tathā pītiyāti pītiyeva lobhasahagatattena <a name="M1.0062"></a> visesetvā vuttā. <span class="bld">‘‘Luddho attha’’</span>ntiādigāthānaṃ ‘‘kuddho attha’’ntiādi gāthāsu viya attho daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Mamaṃ vā bhikkhave pare vaṇṇaṃ bhāseyyuṃ, dhammassa vā vaṇṇaṃ bhāseyyuṃ, saṅghassa vā vaṇṇaṃ bhāseyyuṃ, tatra ce tumhe assatha ānandino sumanā ubbilāvitā, api nu tumhe paresaṃ subhāsitadubbhāsitaṃ ājāneyyāthāti. No hetaṃ bhante’’ti ayaṃ <span class="bld">tatiyavāro,</span> so desanākāle <a name="V1.0056"></a> nīharitvā desetabbapuggalābhāvato desanāya anāgatopi tadatthasambhavato atthato āgatoyevāti daṭṭhabbo yathā taṃ <a name="P1.0080"></a> kathāvatthupakaraṇaṃ vitthāravasenāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">‘‘Atthato āgato yevā’’</span>ti etena saṃvaṇṇanākāle tathā bujjhanakasattānaṃ vasena so vāro ānetvā vattabboti dasseti. <span class="bld">‘‘Yatheva hī’’</span>tiādinā tamevatthasambhavaṃ vibhāveti. <span class="bld">Vuttanayenā</span>ti ‘‘tatra tumhehīti tasmiṃ vaṇṇe tumhehī’’tiādinā, ‘‘dutiyaṃ padaṃ paṭhamassa padassa, catutthañca tatiyassa vevacana’’ntiādinā ca vuttanayena.</p>
<p class="subhead">Cūḷasīlavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para7"></a><a name="para7_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">7</span>. <span class="bld">Nivatto</span> amūlakattā vissajjetabbatābhāvato. <span class="bld">Anuvattatiyeva</span> vissajjetabbatāya adhikatabhāvato. <span class="bld">Anusandhiṃ dassessati</span> ‘‘atthi bhikkhave’’tiādinā. Oranti vā aparabhāgo ‘‘orato bhogaṃ, oraṃ pāra’’ntiādīsu viya. Atha vā heṭṭhāattho <span class="bld">ora</span>-saddo ‘‘oraṃ āgamanāya ye paccayā, te orambhāgiyāni saṃyojanānī’’tiādīsu viya. Sīlañhi samādhipaññāyo apekkhitvā aparabhāgo, heṭṭhābhūtañca hotīti. <span class="bld">Sīlamattaka</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">matta</span>-saddo appakattho vā ‘‘bhesajjamattā’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 1.447) viya. Visesanivattiattho vā ‘‘avitakkavicāramattā dhammā (dha. sa. tikamātikā 6), manomattā dhātu manodhātū’’ti ca ādīsu viya. ‘‘Appamattakaṃ, oramattaka’’nti padadvayena sāmaññato vuttoyeva hi attho sīlamattakanti visesavasena vutto. Atha vā sīlenapi tadekadesasseva <a name="P1.0081"></a> saṅgahaṇatthaṃ <a name="M1.0063"></a> appakatthavācako, visesanivattiattho eva vā ‘‘sīlamattaka’’nti ettha <span class="bld">matta</span>-saddo vutto. Tathā hi indriyasaṃvarapaccayasannissitasīlāni idha desanaṃ anāruḷhāni. Na hi tāni pātimokkhaājīvapārisuddhisīlāni viya sabbaputhujjanesu pākaṭānīti. <span class="bld">‘‘Ussāhaṃ katvā’’</span>ti etena <span class="bld">‘‘vadamāno’’</span>ti ettha sattiatthaṃ māna-saddaṃ dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Alaṅkaraṇaṃ vibhūsanaṃ <span class="bld">alaṅkāro,</span> kuṇḍalādipasādhanaṃ vā. Ūnaṭṭhānapūraṇaṃ <span class="bld">maṇḍanaṃ. Maṇḍane</span>ti maṇḍanahetu. Atha vā maṇḍatīti maṇḍano, maṇḍanajātiko puriso. Bahuvacanatthe ca idaṃ ekavacanaṃ, maṇḍanasīlesūti attho. <span class="bld">Paripūrakārī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">iti</span>-saddo ādiattho, pakārattho vā, tena sakalampi sīlathomana suttaṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Candana</span>nti candanasahacaraṇato candanagandho, tathā <span class="bld">tagarā</span>dīsupi. <span class="bld">Satañca gandho</span>ti ettha gandho viyāti gandhoti vutto sīlanibandhano thutighoso. Sīlañhi kittiyā nimittaṃ. Yathāha ‘‘sīlavato sīlasampannassa kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggacchatī’’ti <a name="V1.0057"></a> (dī. ni. 2.150; a. ni. 5.213; mahāva. 285). <span class="bld">Pavāyatī</span>ti pakāsati. Gandhāva <span class="bld">gandhajātā.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Appakaṃ bahuka’’nti idaṃ pārāpāraṃ viya aññamaññaṃ upanidhāya vuccatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘upariguṇe upanidhāyā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sīlañhī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">hi</span>-saddo hetuattho, tena idaṃ dasseti ‘‘yasmā sīlaṃ kiñcāpi patiṭṭhābhāvena samādhissa bahukāraṃ, pabhāvādiguṇavisese panassa upanidhāya kalampi na upeti, tathā samādhi ca paññāyā’’ti. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘tasmā’’</span>tiādi. Idāni ‘‘katha’’nti pucchitvā samādhissa ānubhāvaṃ vitthārato vibhāveti. <span class="bld">‘‘Abhi…pe…</span> <a name="P1.0082"></a> <span class="bld">mūle’’</span>ti idaṃ yamakapāṭihāriyassa supākaṭabhāvadassanatthaṃ, aññehi bodhimūlañātisamāgamādīsu katapāṭihāriyehi visesanatthañca vuttaṃ. Yamakapāṭihāriyakaraṇatthāya hi bhagavato citte uppanne tadanucchavikaṃ ṭhānaṃ icchitabbanti ratanamaṇḍapādi sakkassa devarañño āṇāya vissakammunā nimmitanti vadanti, bhagavatāva nimmitanti apare. ‘‘Yo koci evarūpaṃ pāṭihāriyaṃ kātuṃ samattho atthi ce, āgacchatū’’ti codanāsadisattā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘attādānaparidīpana’’</span>nti. Tattha <span class="bld">attādānaṃ</span> anuyogo, titthiyānaṃ tathā <a name="M1.0064"></a> kātuṃ asamatthattā, ‘‘karissāmā’’ti pubbe uṭṭhitattā <span class="bld">titthiyaparimaddanaṃ. </span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uparimakāyato</span>tiādi paṭisambhidāmagge (paṭi. ma. 1.116).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatthāyaṃ pāḷiseso –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Heṭṭhimakāyato aggikkhandho pavattati, uparimakāyato udakadhārā pavattati. Puratthimakāyato aggi, pacchimakāyato udakaṃ. Pacchimakāyato aggi, puratthimakāyato udakaṃ. Dakkhiṇaakkhito aggi, vāmaakkhito udakaṃ. Vāmaakkhito aggi, dakkhiṇaakkhito udakaṃ. Dakkhiṇakaṇṇasotato aggi, vāmakaṇṇasotato udakaṃ. Vāmakaṇṇasotato aggi, dakkhiṇakaṇṇasotato udakaṃ. Dakkhiṇanāsikāsotato aggi, vāmanāsikāsotato udakaṃ. Vāmanāsikāsotato aggi, dakkhiṇanāsikāsotato udakaṃ. Dakkhiṇaaṃsakūṭato aggi, vāmaaṃsakūṭato udakaṃ. Vāmaaṃsakūṭato aggi, dakkhiṇaaṃsakūṭato udakaṃ. Dakkhiṇahatthato aggi, vāmahatthato udakaṃ. Vāmahatthato aggi, dakkhiṇahatthato udakaṃ. Dakkhiṇapassato aggi, vāmapassato udakaṃ. Vāmapassato aggi, dakkhiṇapassato udakaṃ. Dakkhiṇapādato aggi<a name="V1.0058"></a>, vāmapādato udakaṃ. Vāmapādato aggi, dakkhiṇapādato udakaṃ. Aṅgulaṅgulehi aggi, aṅgulantarikāhi udakaṃ<a name="P1.0083"></a>. Aṅgulantarikāhi aggi, aṅgulaṅgulehi udakaṃ. Ekekalomato aggi, ekekalomato udakaṃ. Lomakūpato lomakūpato aggikkhandho pavattati, lomakūpato lomakūpato udakadhārā pavattatī’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.116).</p>
<p class="unindented">Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ pana ‘‘ekekalomakūpato’’ti āgataṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Channaṃ vaṇṇānanti ādinayappavatta’’</span>nti etthāpi nīlānaṃ pītakānaṃ lohitakānaṃ odātānaṃ mañjiṭṭhānaṃ pabhassarānanti ayaṃ pāḷiseso. <span class="bld">‘‘Suvaṇṇavaṇṇā rasmiyo’’</span>ti idaṃ tāsaṃ yebhuyyatāya vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Vitthāretabba</span>nti etthāpi <a name="M1.0065"></a> ‘‘satthā tiṭṭhati, nimmito caṅkamati vā nisīdati vā seyyaṃ vā kappetī’’tiādinā catūsu iriyāpathesu ekekamūlakā satthuvasena cattāro, nimmitavasena cattāroti sabbeva aṭṭha vāre vitthāretabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Madhupāyāsa</span>nti madhusittaṃ pāyāsaṃ. Attā mitto majjhatto verīti catūsu sīmasambhedavasena <span class="bld">caturaṅgasamannāgataṃ mettākammaṭṭhānaṃ.</span> ‘‘Caturaṅgasamannāgata’’nti idaṃ pana ‘‘vīriyādhiṭṭhāna’’nti etenāpi yojetabbaṃ. Tattha ‘‘kāmaṃ taco ca nhāru cā’’tiādipāḷi (ma. ni. 2.184; saṃ. ni. 2.22; a. ni. 2.5; a. ni. 8.13; mahāni. 196) vasena caturaṅgasamannāgatatā veditabbā. ‘‘Kicchaṃ vatāyaṃ loko āpanno’’tiādinā (dī. ni. 2.57; saṃ. ni. 2.4) jarāmaraṇamukhena <span class="bld">paccayākāre ñāṇaṃ otāretvā. Ānāpānacatutthajjhāna</span>nti etthāpi ‘‘sabbabuddhānaṃ āciṇṇa’’nti padaṃ vibhattivipariṇāmaṃ katvā yojetabbaṃ. Tampi hi sabbabuddhānaṃ āciṇṇamevāti vadanti. Chattiṃsakoṭisatasahassamukhena mahāvajirañāṇagabbhaṃ gaṇhāpento <span class="bld">vipassanaṃ</span> <span class="bld">vaḍḍhetvā.</span> Dvattiṃsadoṇagaṇhanappamāṇaṃ <a name="P1.0084"></a> kuṇḍaṃ <span class="bld">kolambo.</span> Daribhāgo <span class="bld">kandaro.</span> Cakkavāḷapādesu mahāsamuddo <span class="bld">cakkavāḷamahāsamuddo.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Duve puthujjanā’’</span>tiādi puthujjane labbhamānavibhāgadassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ, na mūlapariyāyavaṇṇanādīsu viya puthujjanavisesaniddhāraṇatthaṃ. Sabbopi hi puthujjano bhagavato upari guṇe vibhāvetuṃ na sakkoti, tiṭṭhatu puthujjano, sāvakapaccekabuddhānampi avisayā buddhaguṇā. Tathā hi vakkhati ‘‘sotāpannā’’tiādi (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 1.8). Vācuggatakaraṇaṃ <span class="bld">uggaho.</span> Atthaparipucchanaṃ <span class="bld">paripucchā.</span> Aṭṭhakathāvasena atthassa savanaṃ <span class="bld">savanaṃ.</span> Byañjanatthānaṃ <a name="V1.0059"></a> sunikkhepasudassanena dhammassa pariharaṇaṃ <span class="bld">dhāraṇaṃ.</span> Evaṃ sutadhātaparicitānaṃ manasānupekkhanaṃ <span class="bld">paccavekkhaṇaṃ.</span> Bahūnaṃ nānappakārānaṃ kilesānaṃ sakkāyadiṭṭhiyā ca avihatattā tā janenti, tāhi vā janitāti <span class="bld">puthujjanā.</span> Avighātameva vā <span class="bld">jana</span>-saddo vadati. <span class="bld">Puthu satthārānaṃ mukhullokikā</span>ti ettha puthū janā satthupaṭiññā etesanti <span class="bld">puthujjanā</span>ti vacanattho. <span class="bld">Puthu…pe… avuṭṭhitā</span>ti ettha janetabbā, jāyanti vā etthāti janā, gatiyo. Puthū janā etesanti <span class="bld">puthujjanā.</span> Ito pare jāyanti etehīti janā, abhisaṅkhārādayo. Te etesaṃ puthū vijjantīti <span class="bld">puthujjanā.</span> Abhisaṅkharaṇādi attho eva vā <span class="bld">jana</span>-saddo daṭṭhabbo. Kāmarāgabhavarāgadiṭṭhiavijjā <span class="bld">oghā.</span> Rāgaggiādayo <a name="M1.0066"></a> <span class="bld">santāpā.</span> Teyeva, sabbepi vā kilesā <span class="bld">pariḷāhā. Puthu pañcasu kāmaguṇesu rattā</span>ti ettha <a name="P1.0085"></a> jāyatīti jano, rāgo gedhoti evaṃ ādiko. Puthu jano etesanti <span class="bld">puthujjanā,</span> puthūsu vā janā jātā rattāti evaṃ rāgādiattho eva vā <span class="bld">jana</span>-saddo daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Palibuddhā</span>ti sambuddhā, upaddutā vā. <span class="bld">‘‘Puthūnaṃ gaṇanapathamatītāna’’</span>ntiādinā puthū janā <span class="bld">puthujjanā</span>ti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yehi guṇavisesehi nimittabhūtehi bhagavati <span class="bld">tathāgata</span>-saddo pavatto, taṃdassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘aṭṭhahi kāraṇehi bhagavā tathāgato’’</span>tiādimāha. Guṇanemittakāneva hi bhagavato sabbāni nāmāni. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Asaṅkhyeyyāni nāmāni, saguṇena mahesino;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Guṇena nāmamuddheyyaṃ, api nāmasahassato’’ti. (dha. sa. aṭṭha. 1313; udā. aṭṭha. 53; paṭi. ma. aṭṭha. 1.1.76);</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tathā āgato</span>ti ettha ākāraniyamanavasena opammasampaṭipādanattho <span class="bld">tathā</span>-saddo. Sāmaññajotanāya visesāvaṭṭhānato paṭipadāgamanattho <span class="bld">āgata</span>-saddo, na ñāṇagamanattho ‘‘tathalakkhaṇaṃ āgato’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 1.7; ma. ni. aṭṭha. 1.12; saṃ. ni. aṭṭha. 2.4.78; a. ni. aṭṭha. 1.1.170; udā. aṭṭha. 18; paṭi. ma. aṭṭha. 1.1.37; theragā. aṭṭha. 1.3; itivu. aṭṭha. 38; mahāni. aṭṭha. 14) viya, nāpi kāyagamanādiattho ‘‘āgato kho mahāsamaṇo, māgadhānaṃ giribbaja’’ntiādīsu (mahāva. 62) viya. Tattha yadākāraniyamanavasena opammasampaṭipādanattho tathā-saddo, taṃ karuṇāpadhānattā mahākaruṇāmukhena purimabuddhānaṃ āgamanapaṭipadaṃ udāharaṇavasena sāmaññato dassento yaṃtaṃsaddānaṃ ekantasambandhabhāvato <span class="bld">‘‘yathā sabbaloka…pe… āgatā’’</span>ti āha. Taṃ pana <a name="V1.0060"></a> paṭipadaṃ mahāpadānasuttādīsu (dī. ni. 2.4) sambahulaniddesena supākaṭānaṃ āsannānañca vipassīādīnaṃ channaṃ sammāsambuddhānaṃ vasena nidassento <span class="bld">‘‘yathā vipassī bhagavā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">yena</span> <a name="P1.0086"></a> <span class="bld">abhinīhārenā</span>ti manussattaliṅgasampattihetusatthāradassanapabbajjāabhiññādiguṇasampattiadhikārachandānaṃ vasena aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgatena kāyappaṇidhānamahāpaṇidhānena<a name="M1.0067"></a>. Sabbesañhi buddhānaṃ kāyappaṇidhānaṃ imināva abhinīhārena samijjhatīti. Evaṃ mahābhinīhāravasena ‘‘tathāgato’’ti padassa atthaṃ dassetvā idāni pāramīpūraṇavasena dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yathā vipassī bhagavā…pe… kassapo bhagavā dānapāramiṃ pūretvā’’</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca suttantikānaṃ mahābodhiyānapaṭipadāya kosallajananatthaṃ pāramīsu ayaṃ vitthārakathā – kā panetā pāramiyo? Kenaṭṭhena pāramiyo? Katividhā cetā? Ko tāsaṃ kamo? Kāni lakkhaṇarasapaccupaṭṭhānapadaṭṭhānāni? Ko paccayo? Ko saṃkileso? Kiṃ vodānaṃ? Ko paṭipakkho? Kā paṭipatti? Ko vibhāgo? Ko saṅgaho? Ko sampādanūpāyo? Kittakena kālena sampādanaṃ? Ko ānisaṃso? Kiṃ cetāsaṃ phalanti?</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatridaṃ vissajjanaṃ – <span class="bld">kā panetā pāramiyo</span>ti. Taṇhāmānādīhi anupahatā karuṇūpāyakosallapariggahitā dānādayo guṇā pāramiyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kenaṭṭhena pāramiyo</span>ti dānasīlādiguṇavisesayogena <a name="P1.0087"></a> sattuttamatāya paramā mahāsattā bodhisattā, tesaṃ bhāvo, kammaṃ vā pāramī, dānādikiriyā. Atha vā paratīti paramo, dānādiguṇānaṃ pūrako pālako ca bodhisatto. Paramassa ayaṃ, paramassa vā bhāvo, kammaṃ vā pāramī, dānādikiriyāva. Atha vā paraṃ sattaṃ attani mavati bandhati guṇavisesayogena, paraṃ vā adhikataraṃ majjati sujjhati saṃkilesamalato, paraṃ vā seṭṭhaṃ nibbānaṃ visesena mayati gacchati, paraṃ vā lokaṃ pamāṇabhūtena ñāṇavisesena idhalokaṃ viya munāti paricchindati, paraṃ vā ativiya sīlādiguṇagaṇaṃ attano santāne minoti pakkhipati, paraṃ vā attabhūtato dhammakāyato aññaṃ, paṭipakkhaṃ vā tadanatthakaraṃ kilesacoragaṇaṃ mināti hiṃsatīti paramo, mahāsatto. ‘‘Paramassa aya’’ntiādi vuttanayeneva yojetabbaṃ. Pāre vā nibbāne majjati sujjhati satte ca sodheti, tattha vā satte mavati bandhati yojeti, taṃ vā mayati gacchati gameti ca, munāti vā taṃ <a name="M1.0068"></a> yāthāvato, tattha vā satte minoti pakkhipati, kilesāriṃ vā sattānaṃ <a name="V1.0061"></a> tattha mināti hiṃsatīti pāramī, mahāpuriso. Tassa bhāvo, kammaṃ vā pāramitā, dānādikiriyāva. Iminā nayena pāramīnaṃ saddattho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Katividhā</span>ti saṅkhepato dasavidhā, tā pana <span class="bld">pāḷiyaṃ</span> sarūpato āgatāyeva. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Vicinanto tadā dakkhiṃ, paṭhamaṃ dānapārami’’ntiādi (bu. vaṃ. 116).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā cāha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Kati <a name="P1.0088"></a> nu kho bhante buddhakārakā dhammā? Dasa kho sāriputta buddhakārakā dhammā. Katame dasa? Dānaṃ kho sāriputta buddhakārako dhammo, sīlaṃ nekkhammaṃ paññā vīriyaṃ khanti saccamadhiṭṭhānaṃ mettā upekkhā buddhakārako dhammo, ime kho sāriputta dasa buddhakārakā dhammāti. Idamavoca bhagavā, idaṃ vatvāna sugato athāparaṃ etadavoca satthā –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘Dānaṃ sīlañca nekkhammaṃ, paññā vīriyena pañcamaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Khanti saccaṃ adhiṭṭhānaṃ, mettupekkhāti te dasā’ti’’.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Keci pana ‘‘chabbidhā’’ti vadanti, taṃ etāsaṃ saṅgahavasena vuttaṃ. So pana saṅgaho parato āvibhavissati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ko tāsaṃ kamo</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">kamo</span> nāma desanākkamo, so ca paṭhamasamādānahetuko, samādānaṃ pavicayahetukaṃ, iti yathā ādimhi pavicitā samādinnā ca, tathā desitā. Tattha ca dānaṃ sīlassa bahūpakāraṃ sukarañcāti taṃ ādimhi vuttaṃ. Dānaṃ sīlapariggahitaṃ mahapphalaṃ hoti mahānisaṃsanti dānānantaraṃ sīlaṃ vuttaṃ. Sīlaṃ nekkhammapariggahitaṃ, nekkhammaṃ paññāpariggahitaṃ, paññā vīriyapariggahitā, vīriyaṃ khantipariggahitaṃ, khanti saccapariggahitā, saccaṃ adhiṭṭhānapariggahitaṃ, adhiṭṭhānaṃ mettāpariggahitaṃ, mettā upekkhāpariggahitā mahapphalā hoti mahānisaṃsāti mettānantaraṃ upekkhā vuttā. Upekkhā pana karuṇāpariggahitā, karuṇā ca upekkhāpariggahitāti veditabbā. Kathaṃ pana mahākāruṇikā bodhisattā sattesu upekkhakā hontīti? Upekkhitabbayuttesu kañci kālaṃ upekkhakā <a name="M1.0069"></a> honti, na <a name="V1.0062"></a> pana sabbattha, sabbadā cāti keci. Apare pana na sattesu upekkhakā, sattakatesu pana vippakāresu upekkhakā hontīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparo <a name="P1.0089"></a> nayo – pacurajanesupi pavattiyā sabbasattasādhāraṇattā, appaphalattā, sukarattā ca ādimhi <span class="bld">dānaṃ</span> vuttaṃ. Sīlenadāyakapaṭiggāhakasuddhito, parānuggahaṃ vatvā parapīḷānivattivacanato, kiriyadhammaṃ vatvā akiriyadhammavacanato, bhogasampattihetuṃ vatvā bhavasampattihetuvacanato ca dānassa anantaraṃ <span class="bld">sīlaṃ</span> vuttaṃ. Nekkhammena sīlasampattisiddhito, kāyavacīsucaritaṃ vatvā manosucaritavacanato, visuddhasīlassa sukheneva jhānasamijjhanato, kammāparādhappahānena payogasuddhiṃ vatvā kilesāparādhappahānena āsayasuddhivacanato, vītikkamappahānena cittassa pariyuṭṭhānappahānavacanato ca sīlassa anantaraṃ <span class="bld">nekkhammaṃ</span> vuttaṃ. Paññāya nekkhammassa siddhiparisuddhito, jhānābhāve paññābhāvavacanato. Samādhipadaṭṭhānā hi paññā, paññāpaccupaṭṭhāno ca samādhi. Samathanimittaṃ vatvā upekkhānimittavacanato, parahitajjhānena parahitakaraṇūpāyakosallavacanato ca nekkhammassa anantaraṃ <span class="bld">paññā</span> vuttā. Vīriyārambhena paññākiccasiddhito, sattasuññatādhammanijjhānakkhantiṃ vatvā sattahitāya ārambhassa acchariyatāvacanato, upekkhānimittaṃ vatvā paggahanimittavacanato, nisammakāritaṃ vatvā uṭṭhānavacanato ca. Nisammakārino hi uṭṭhānaṃ phalavisesamāvahatīti paññāya anantaraṃ <span class="bld">vīriyaṃ</span> vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vīriyena titikkhāsiddhito. Vīriyavā hi āraddhavīriyattā sattasaṅkhārehi upanītaṃ dukkhaṃ abhibhuyya viharati vīriyassa titikkhālaṅkārabhāvato. Vīriyavato hi titikkhā sobhati. Paggahanimittaṃ vatvā samathanimittavacanato, accārambhena uddhaccadosappahānavacanato. Dhammanijjhānakkhantiyā hi uddhaccadoso pahīyati. Vīriyavato sātaccakaraṇavacanato. Khantibahulo hi anuddhato sātaccakārī hoti. Appamādavato parahitakiriyārambhe <a name="P1.0090"></a> paccupakārataṇhābhāvavacanato. Yāthāvato dhammanijjhāne hi sati taṇhā na hoti. Parahitārambhe paramepi parakatadukkhasahanabhāvavacanato ca vīriyassa anantaraṃ <span class="bld">khanti</span> vuttā<a name="M1.0070"></a>. Saccena khantiyā cirādhiṭṭhānato, apakārino apakārakhantiṃ vatvā tadupakārakaraṇe avisaṃvādavacanato, khantiyā apavādavācāvikampanena bhūtavāditāya avijahanavacanato, sattasuññatādhammanijjhānakkhantiṃ vatvā tadupabrūhitañāṇasaccavacanato ca khantiyā anantaraṃ <span class="bld">saccaṃ</span> vuttaṃ. Adhiṭṭhānena saccasiddhito. Acalādhiṭṭhānassa hi virati sijjhati. Avisaṃvāditaṃ vatvā tattha acalabhāvavacanato. Saccasandho hi dānādīsu paṭiññānurūpaṃ niccalova <a name="V1.0063"></a> pavattati. Ñāṇasaccaṃ vatvā sambhāresu pavattiniṭṭhāpanavacanato. Yathābhūtañāṇavā hi bodhisambhāresu adhitiṭṭhati, te ca niṭṭhāpeti paṭipakkhehi akampiyabhāvatoti saccassa anantaraṃ <span class="bld">adhiṭṭhānaṃ</span> vuttaṃ. Mettāya parahitakaraṇasamādānādhiṭṭhānasiddhito, adhiṭṭhānaṃ vatvā hitūpasaṃhāravacanato. Bodhisambhāre hi adhitiṭṭhamāno mettāvihārī hoti. Acalādhiṭṭhānassa samādānāvikopanato, samādānasambhavato ca adhiṭṭhānassa anantaraṃ <span class="bld">mettā</span> vuttā. Upekkhāya mettāvisuddhito, sattesu hitūpasaṃhāraṃ vatvā tadaparādhesu udāsīnatāvacanato, mettābhāvanaṃ vatvā tannissandabhāvanāvacanato, ‘‘hitakāmasattepi upekkhako’’ti acchariyaguṇabhāvavacanato ca mettāya anantaraṃ <span class="bld">upekkhā</span> vuttāti evametāsaṃ kamo veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāni lakkhaṇarasapaccupaṭṭhānapadaṭṭhānānī</span>ti? Ettha <a name="P1.0091"></a> avisesena tāva sabbāpi pāramiyo parānuggahalakkhaṇā, paresaṃ upakārakaraṇarasā, avikampanarasā vā, hitesitāpaccupaṭṭhānā, buddhattapaccupaṭṭhānā vā, mahākaruṇāpadaṭṭhānā, karuṇūpāyakosallapadaṭṭhānā vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Visesena pana yasmā karuṇūpāyakosallapariggahitā attupakaraṇapariccāgacetanā <span class="bld">dānapāramitā.</span> Karuṇūpāyakosallapariggahitaṃ kāyavacīsucaritaṃ atthato akattabbavirati, kattabbakaraṇacetanādayo ca <span class="bld">sīlapāramitā.</span> Karuṇūpāyakosallapariggahito ādīnavadassanapubbaṅgamo kāmabhavehi nikkhamanacittuppādo <span class="bld">nekkhammapāramitā.</span> Karuṇūpāyakosallapariggahito dhammānaṃ sāmaññavisesalakkhaṇāvabodho <span class="bld">paññāpāramitā.</span> Karuṇūpāyakosallapariggahito kāyacittehi parahitārambho <span class="bld">vīriyapāramitā.</span> Karuṇūpāyakosallapariggahitaṃ sattasaṅkhārāparādhasahanaṃ adosappadhāno tadākārappavatto cittuppādo <span class="bld">khantipāramitā</span><a name="M1.0071"></a>. Karuṇūpāyakosallapariggahitaṃ viraticetanādibhedaṃ avisaṃvādanaṃ <span class="bld">saccapāramitā.</span> Karuṇūpāyakosallapariggahitaṃ acalasamādānādhiṭṭhānaṃ tadākārappavatto cittuppādo <span class="bld">adhiṭṭhānapāramitā.</span> Karuṇūpāyakosallapariggahito lokassa hitūpasaṃhāro atthato abyāpādo <span class="bld">mettāpāramitā.</span> Karuṇūpāyakosallapariggahitā anunayapaṭighaviddhaṃsinī iṭṭhāniṭṭhesu sattasaṅkhāresu samappavatti <span class="bld">upekkhāpāramitā.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext">Tasmā pariccāgalakkhaṇaṃ <span class="bld">dānaṃ,</span> deyyadhamme lobhaviddhaṃsanarasaṃ, anāsattipaccupaṭṭhānaṃ, bhavavibhavasampattipaccupaṭṭhānaṃ vā, pariccajitabbavatthupadaṭṭhānaṃ. Sīlanalakkhaṇaṃ <span class="bld">sīlaṃ,</span> samādhānalakkhaṇaṃ, patiṭṭhānalakkhaṇañcāti vuttaṃ hoti. Dussīlyaviddhaṃsanarasaṃ, anavajjarasaṃ vā, soceyyapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ, hirottappapadaṭṭhānaṃ. Kāmato bhavato ca nikkhamanalakkhaṇaṃ <span class="bld">nekkhammaṃ,</span> tadādīnavavibhāvanarasaṃ<a name="V1.0064"></a>, tato eva vimukhabhāvapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ, saṃvegapadaṭṭhānaṃ<a name="P1.0092"></a>. Yathāsabhāvapaṭivedhalakkhaṇā <span class="bld">paññā,</span> akkhalitapaṭivedhalakkhaṇā vā kusalissāsakhittausupaṭivedho viya, visayobhāsanarasā padīpo viya, asammohapaccupaṭṭhānā araññagatasudesako viya, samādhipadaṭṭhānā, catusaccapadaṭṭhānā vā. Ussāhalakkhaṇaṃ <span class="bld">vīriyaṃ,</span> upatthambhanarasaṃ, asaṃsīdanapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ, vīriyārambhavatthu (a. ni. 8.80) padaṭṭhānaṃ, saṃvegapadaṭṭhānaṃ vā. Khamanalakkhaṇā <span class="bld">khanti,</span> iṭṭhāniṭṭhasahanarasā, adhivāsanapaccupaṭṭhānā, avirodhapaccupaṭṭhānā vā, yathābhūtadassanapadaṭṭhānā. Avisaṃvādanalakkhaṇaṃ <span class="bld">saccaṃ,</span> yāthāvavibhāvanarasaṃ [yathāsabhāvavibhāvanarasaṃ (cariyā. aṭṭha. pakiṇṇakakathāya)], sādhutāpaccupaṭṭhānaṃ, soraccapadaṭṭhānaṃ. Bodhisambhāresu adhiṭṭhānalakkhaṇaṃ <span class="bld">adhiṭṭhānaṃ,</span> tesaṃ paṭipakkhābhibhavanarasaṃ, tattha acalatāpaccupaṭṭhānaṃ, bodhisambhārapadaṭṭhānaṃ. Hitākārappavattilakkhaṇā <span class="bld">mettā,</span> hitūpasaṃhārarasā, āghātavinayanarasā vā, sommabhāvapaccupaṭṭhānā, sattānaṃ manāpabhāvadassanapadaṭṭhānā. Majjhattākārappavattilakkhaṇā <span class="bld">upekkhā,</span> samabhāvadassanarasā, paṭighānunayavūpasamapaccupaṭṭhānā, kammassakatāpaccavekkhaṇapadaṭṭhānā. Ettha ca karuṇūpāyakosallapariggahitatā dānādīnaṃ pariccāgādilakkhaṇassa visesanabhāvena vattabbā, yato tāni pāramīsaṅkhyaṃ labhantīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ko</span> <a name="M1.0072"></a> <span class="bld">paccayo</span>ti abhinīhāro paccayo. Yo hi ayaṃ ‘‘manussattaṃ liṅgasampattī’’tiādi (bu. vaṃ. 2.59) aṭṭhadhammasamodhānasampādito ‘‘tiṇṇo tāreyyaṃ, mutto moceyyaṃ, buddho bodheyyaṃ, suddho sodheyyaṃ, danto dameyyaṃ, santo sameyyaṃ, assattho assāseyyaṃ, parinibbuto parinibbāpeyya’’ntiādinā <a name="P1.0093"></a> (cariyā. aṭṭha. pakiṇṇakakathāya) pavatto abhinīhāro, so avisesena sabbapāramīnaṃ paccayo. Tappavattiyā hi uddhaṃ pāramīnaṃ pavicayupaṭṭhānasamādānādhiṭṭhānanipphattiyo mahāpurisānaṃ sambhavanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā ca abhinīhāro, evaṃ mahākaruṇā, upāyakosallañca. Tattha <span class="bld">upāyakosallaṃ</span> nāma dānādīnaṃ bodhisambhārabhāvassa nimittabhūtā paññā, yāhi karuṇūpāyakosallatāhi mahāpurisānaṃ attasukhanirapekkhatā, nirantaraṃ parahitakaraṇapasutatā, sudukkarehipi mahābodhisattacaritehi visādābhāvo, pasādasambuddhidassanasavanānussaraṇāvatthāsupi sattānaṃ hitasukhapaṭilābhahetubhāvo ca sampajjati. Tathā hi paññāya buddhabhāvasiddhi, karuṇāya buddhakammasiddhi. Paññāya sayaṃ tarati, karuṇāya pare tāreti. Paññāya paradukkhaṃ parijānāti, karuṇāya paradukkhapaṭikāraṃ ārabhati. Paññāya ca dukkhe nibbindati, karuṇāya dukkhaṃ sampaṭicchati. Tathā paññāya parinibbānābhimukho hoti, karuṇāya taṃ na pāpuṇāti. Tathā karuṇāya saṃsārābhimukho hoti<a name="V1.0065"></a>, paññāya tatra nābhiramati. Paññāya ca sabbattha virajjati, karuṇānugatattā na ca na sabbesaṃ anuggahāya pavatto, karuṇāya sabbepi anukampati, paññānugatattā na ca na sabbattha virattacitto. Paññāya ca ahaṃkāramamaṃkārābhāvo, karuṇāya ālasiyadīnatābhāvo. Tathā paññākaruṇāhi yathākkamaṃ attaparanāthatā, dhīravīrabhāvo, anattantapaaparantapatā, attahitaparahitanipphatti, nibbhayābhiṃsanakabhāvo, dhammādhipatilokādhipatitā, kataññupubbakāribhāvo, mohataṇhāvigamo, vijjācaraṇasiddhi, balavesārajjanipphattīti sabbassāpi pāramitāphalassa visesena upāyabhāvato paññākaruṇā pāramīnaṃ paccayo. Idañca dvayaṃ pāramīnaṃ viya paṇidhānassāpi paccayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā <a name="M1.0073"></a><a name="P1.0094"></a> ussāhaummaṅgaavatthānahitacariyā ca pāramīnaṃ paccayoti veditabbā, yā buddhabhāvassa uppattiṭṭhānatāya <span class="bld">‘‘buddhabhūmiyo’’</span>ti pavuccanti. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Kati pana bhante buddhabhūmiyo? Catasso kho sāriputta buddhabhūmiyo. Katamā catasso? Ussāho ca hoti vīriyaṃ, umaṅgo ca hoti paññābhāvanā, avatthānañca hoti adhiṭṭhānaṃ, mettābhāvanā ca hoti hitacariyā. Imā kho sāriputta catasso buddhabhūmiyo’’ti (su. ni. aṭṭha. 1.khaggavisāṇasuttavaṇṇanāyampi).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā nekkhammapavivekaalobhādosāmohanissaraṇappabhedā cha ajjhāsayā. Vuttañhetaṃ –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Nekkhammajjhāsayā ca bodhisattā kāme dosadassāvino, paviveka…pe… saṅgaṇikāya, alobha…pe… lobhe, adosa…pe… dose, amoha…pe… mohe, nissaraṇajjhāsayā ca bodhisattā sabbabhavesu dosadassāvino’’ti (visuddhi. aṭṭha. 1.49 vākyakhandhepi).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tasmā ete bodhisattānaṃ cha ajjhāsayā dānādīnaṃ paccayāti veditabbā. Na hi lobhādīsu ādīnavadassanena, alobhādiadhikabhāvena ca vinā dānādipāramiyo sambhavanti. Alobhādīnañhi adhikabhāvena pariccāgādininnacittatā alobhajjhāsayāditāti. Yathā cete, evaṃ dānajjhāsayatādayopi. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Kati pana bhante bodhāya carantānaṃ bodhisattānaṃ ajjhāsayā? Dasa kho sāriputta <a name="V1.0066"></a> bodhāya carantānaṃ bodhisattānaṃ ajjhāsayā. Katame dasa? Dānajjhāsayā sāriputta bodhisattā macchere dosadassāvino, sīla…pe… upekkhajjhāsayā sāriputta bodhisattā sukhadukkhesu dosadassāvino’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Etesu <a name="P1.0095"></a> hi maccheraasaṃvarakāmavicikicchākosajjaakkhantivisaṃvādaanadhiṭṭhānabyāpāda- sukhadukkhasaṅkhātesu ādīnavadassanapubbaṅgamā dānādininnacittatāsaṅkhātā dānajjhāsayatādayo dānādipāramīnaṃ nibbattiyā kāraṇanti<a name="M1.0074"></a>. Tathā apariccāgapariccāgādīsu yathākkamaṃ ādīnavānisaṃsapaccavekkhaṇā dānādipāramīnaṃ paccayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatthāyaṃ paccavekkhaṇāvidhi – khettavatthuhiraññasuvaṇṇagomahiṃsadāsidāsaputtadārādipariggahabyāsattacittānaṃ sattānaṃ khettādīnaṃ vatthukāmabhāvena bahupatthanīyabhāvato, rājacorādisādhāraṇabhāvato, vivādādhiṭṭhānato, sapattakaraṇato, nissārato, paṭilābhaparipālanesu paraviheṭhanahetuto, vināsanimittañca sokādianekavihitabyasanāvahato, tadāsattinidānañca maccheramalapariyuṭṭhitacittānaṃ apāyūpapattisambhavatoti evaṃ vividhavipulānatthāvahā ete atthā nāma, tesaṃ pariccāgoyeveko sotthibhāvoti pariccāge appamādo karaṇīyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica ‘‘yācako yācamāno attano guyhassa ācikkhanato mayhaṃ vissāsiko’’ti ca ‘‘pahāya gamanīyaṃ attano santakaṃ gahetvā paralokaṃ yāhīti mayhaṃ upadesako’’ti ca ‘‘āditte viya agāre maraṇagginā āditte loke tato mayhaṃ santakassa apavāhakasahāyo’’ti ca ‘‘apavāhitassa cassa nijjhāyanikkhepaṭṭhānabhūto’’ti ca ‘‘dānasaṅkhāte kalyāṇakammasmiṃ sahāyabhāvato, sabbasampattīnaṃ aggabhūtāya paramadullabhāya buddhabhūmiyā sampattihetubhāvato ca paramo kalyāṇamitto’’ti ca paccavekkhitabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā ‘‘uḷāre kammani anenāhaṃ sambhāvito, tasmā sā sambhāvanā avitathā kātabbā’’ti ca ‘‘ekantabheditāya jīvitassa ayācitenapi mayā dātabbaṃ, pageva yācitenā’’ti ca ‘‘uḷārajjhāsayehi gavesitvāpi dātabbo, sayamevāgato mama puññenā’’ti ca ‘‘yācakassa dānāpadesena mayhamevāyamanuggaho’’ti <a name="P1.0096"></a> ca ‘‘ahaṃ viya ayaṃ sabbopi loko mayā anuggahetabbo’’ti ca ‘‘asati yācake kathaṃ mayhaṃ dānapāramī pūreyyā’’ti ca ‘‘yācakānamevatthāya mayā sabbo pariggahetabbo’’ti ca ‘‘ayācitvā mama santakaṃ yācakā sayameva kadā gaṇheyyu’’nti ca ‘‘kathamahaṃ yācakānaṃ piyo cassaṃ manāpo’’ti ca ‘‘kathaṃ vā te <a name="V1.0067"></a> mayhaṃ piyā cassu manāpā’’ti ca ‘‘kathaṃ vāhaṃ <a name="M1.0075"></a> dadamāno, datvāpi ca attamano assaṃ pamudito pītisomanassajāto’’ti ca ‘‘kathaṃ vā me yācakā bhaveyyuṃ, uḷāro ca dānajjhāsayo’’ti ca ‘‘kathaṃ vāhamayācitoyeva yācakānaṃ hadayamaññāya dadeyya’’nti ca ‘‘sati dhane yācake ca apariccāgo mahatī mayhaṃ vañcanā’’ti ca ‘‘kathaṃ vāhaṃ attano aṅgāni jīvitaṃ vāpi yācakānaṃ pariccajeyya’’nti ca paccavekkhitabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica ‘‘attho nāmāyaṃ nirapekkhaṃ dāyakaṃ anugacchati yathā taṃ nirapekkhaṃ khepakaṃ kiṭako’’ti atthe nirapekkhatāya cittaṃ uppādetabbaṃ. Yācamāno pana yadi piyapuggalo hoti, ‘‘piyo maṃ yācatī’’ti somanassaṃ uppādetabbaṃ. Atha udāsīnapuggalo hoti, ‘‘ayaṃ maṃ yācamāno addhā iminā pariccāgena mitto hotī’’ti somanassaṃ uppādetabbaṃ. Dadantopi hi yācakānaṃ piyo hotīti. Atha pana verīpuggalo yācati, ‘‘paccatthiko maṃ yācati, ayaṃ maṃ yācamāno addhā iminā pariccāgena verīpi piyo mitto hotī’’ti visesato somanassaṃ uppādetabbaṃ. Evaṃ piyapuggale viya majjhattaverīpuggalesupi mettāpubbaṅgamaṃ karuṇaṃ upaṭṭhapetvāva dātabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sace panassa cirakālaparibhāvitattā lobhassa deyyadhammavisayā lobhadhammā uppajjeyyuṃ, tena bodhisattapaṭiññena iti paṭisañcikkhitabbaṃ ‘‘nanu tayā sappurisa sambodhāya abhinīhāraṃ karontena sabbasattānaṃ upakāratthāya ayaṃ kāyo nissaṭṭho, tappariccāgamayañca puññaṃ, tattha nāma te bāhirepi vatthusmiṃ atisaṅgappavatti <a name="P1.0097"></a> hatthisinānasadisī hoti, tasmā tayā na katthaci saṅgo uppādetabbo. Seyyathāpi nāma mahato bhesajjarukkhassa tiṭṭhato mūlaṃ mūlatthikā haranti, papaṭikaṃ, tacaṃ, khandhaṃ, viṭapaṃ, sāraṃ, sākhaṃ, palāsaṃ, pupphaṃ, phalaṃ phalatthikā haranti, na tassa rukkhassa ‘mayhaṃ santakaṃ ete harantī’’ti vitakkasamudācāro hoti, evameva sabbalokahitāya ussukkamāpajjantena mayā mahādukkhe akataññuke niccāsucimhi kāye paresaṃ upakārāya viniyujjamāne aṇumattopi micchāvitakko na uppādetabbo, ko vā ettha viseso ajjhattikabāhiresu mahābhūtesu ekantabhedanavikiraṇaviddhaṃsanadhammesu, kevalaṃ pana sammohavijambhitametaṃ, yadidaṃ ‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’ti abhiniveso. Tasmā bāhiresu viya ajjhattikesupi karacaraṇanayanādīsu<a name="M1.0076"></a>, maṃsādīsu ca anapekkhena hutvā ‘taṃtadatthikā harantū’ti nissaṭṭhacittena bhavitabba’’nti. Evaṃ paṭisañcikkhato cassa bodhāya pahitattassa kāyajīvitesu nirapekkhassa appakasireneva kāyavacīmanokammāni suvisuddhāni honti. So visuddhakāyavacīmanokammanto visuddhājīvo ñāyapaṭipattiyaṃ ṭhito, āyāpāyupāyakosallasamannāgamena <a name="V1.0068"></a> bhiyyoso mattāya deyyadhammapariccāgena, abhayadānasaddhammadānehi ca sabbasatte anuggaṇhituṃ samattho hotīti. Ayaṃ tāva <span class="bld">dānapāramiyaṃ</span> paccavekkhaṇānayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sīlapāramiyaṃ</span> pana evaṃ paccavekkhitabbaṃ – idañhi sīlaṃ nāma gaṅgodakādīhi visodhetuṃ asakkuṇeyyassa dosamalassa vikkhālanajalaṃ, haricandanādīhi vinetuṃ asakkuṇeyyarāgādipariḷāhavinayanaṃ, hāramakuṭakuṇḍalādīhi pacurajanālaṅkārehi asādhāraṇo sādhūnaṃ <a name="P1.0098"></a> alaṅkāraviseso, sabbadisāvāyanato akittimo, sabbakālānurūpo ca surabhigandho, khattiyamahāsālādīhi devatāhi ca vandanīyādibhāvāvahanato paramo vasīkaraṇamanto, cātumahārājikādi devalokārohanasopānapanti, jhānābhiññānaṃ adhigamupāyo, nibbānamahānagarassa sampāpakamaggo, sāvakabodhipaccekabodhisammāsambodhīnaṃ patiṭṭhānabhūmi, yaṃ yaṃ vā panicchitaṃ patthitaṃ, tassa tassa samijjhanūpāyabhāvato cintāmaṇikapparukkhādike ca atiseti. Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā ‘‘ijjhati bhikkhave sīlavato cetopaṇidhi visuddhattā’’ti (a. ni. 8.35). Aparampi vuttaṃ ‘‘ākaṅkheyya ce bhikkhave bhikkhu sabrahmacārīnaṃ piyo ca assaṃ manāpo ca garu ca bhāvanīyo cāti, sīlesvevassa paripūrakārī’’tiādi (ma. ni. 1.61), tathā ‘‘avippaṭisāratthāni kho ānanda kusalāni sīlānī’’ti (a. ni. 10.1; 11.1), ‘‘pañcime gahapatayo ānisaṃsā sīlavato sīlasampadāyā’’ti (dī. ni. 2.150; udā. 76; mahāva. 185) suttānañca vasena sīlassa guṇā paccavekkhitabbā, tathā aggikkhandhopamasuttādīnaṃ (a. ni. 7.72) vasena sīlavirahe ādīnavā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pītisomanassanimittato, attānuvādaparānuvādadaṇḍaduggatibhayābhāvato, viññūhi pāsaṃsabhāvato, avippaṭisārahetuto, sotthiṭṭhānato<a name="M1.0077"></a>, abhijanasāpateyyādhipateyyāyurūpaṭṭhānabandhumittasampattīnaṃ <a name="P1.0099"></a> atisayanato ca sīlaṃ paccavekkhitabbaṃ. Sīlavato hi attano sīlasampadāhetu mahantaṃ pītisomanassaṃ uppajjati ‘‘kataṃ vata mayā kusalaṃ, kataṃ kalyāṇaṃ, kataṃ bhīruttāṇa’’nti. Tathā sīlavato attā na upavadati, na pare viññū, daṇḍaduggatibhayānaṃ sambhavoyeva natthi, ‘‘sīlavā purisapuggalo kalyāṇadhammo’’ti viññūnaṃ pāsaṃso hoti. Tathā sīlavato yvāyaṃ ‘‘kataṃ vata mayā pāpaṃ, kataṃ luddaṃ, kataṃ kibbisa’’nti dussīlassa vippaṭisāro uppajjati, so na hoti. Sīlañca nāmetaṃ appamādādhiṭṭhānato, bhogabyasanādiparihāramukhena mahato atthassa sādhanato, maṅgalabhāvato ca paramaṃ sotthiṭṭhānaṃ, nihīnajaccopi <a name="V1.0069"></a> sīlavā khattiyamahāsālādīnaṃ pūjanīyo hotīti kulasampattiṃ atiseti sīlasampadā, ‘‘taṃ kiṃ maññasi mahārāja, idha te assa puriso dāso kammakaro’’tiādi (dī. ni. 1.183) vacanañcettha sādhakaṃ. Corādīhi asādhāraṇato, paralokānugamanato, mahapphalabhāvato, samathādiguṇādhiṭṭhānato ca bāhiradhanaṃ atiseti sīlaṃ, paramassa cittissariyassa adhiṭṭhānabhāvato khattiyādīnaṃ issariyaṃ atiseti sīlaṃ. Sīlanimittañhi taṃtaṃsattanikāyesu sattānaṃ issariyaṃ vassasatadīghappamāṇato jīvitato ekāhampi sīlavato jīvitassa visiṭṭhatāvacanato, sati ca jīvite sikkhānikkhepassa maraṇatāvacanato sīlaṃ jīvitato visiṭṭhataraṃ. Verīnampi manuññabhāvāvahanato, jarārogavipattīhi anabhibhavanīyato ca rūpasampattiṃ atiseti sīlaṃ. Pāsādahammiyādiṭṭhānavisese, rājayuvarājasenāpatiādiṭṭhānavisese ca atiseti sīlaṃ sukhavisesādhiṭṭhānabhāvato<a name="P1.0100"></a>. Sabhāvasiniddhe santikāvacarepi bandhujane mittajane ca atiseti ekantahitasampādanato, paralokānugamanato ca. ‘‘Na taṃ mātā pitā kayirā’’tiādi (dha. pa. 43) vacanañcettha sādhakaṃ. Tathā hatthiassarathādibhedehi, mantāgadasotthānappayogehi ca durārakkhaṃ attānaṃ ārakkhabhāvena sīlameva visiṭṭhataraṃ attādhīnato, aparādhīnato, mahāvisayato ca. Tenevāha ‘‘dhammo have rakkhati dhammacāri’’ntiādi (jā. 1.9.102). Evamanekaguṇasamannāgataṃ sīlanti paccavekkhantassa aparipuṇṇā ceva sīlasampadā pāripūriṃ gacchati aparisuddhā ca pārisuddhiṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sace <a name="M1.0078"></a> panassa dīgharattaṃ paricayena sīlapaṭipakkhā dhammā dosādayo antarantarā uppajjeyyuṃ, tena bodhisattapaṭiññena evaṃ paṭisañcikkhitabbaṃ ‘‘nanu tayā sambodhāya paṇidhānaṃ kataṃ, sīlavikalena ca na sakkā lokiyāpi sampattiyo pāpuṇituṃ, pageva lokuttarā, sabbasampattīnaṃ pana aggabhūtāya sammāsambodhiyā adhiṭṭhānabhūtena sīlena paramukkaṃsagatena bhavitabbaṃ. Tasmā ‘kikīva aṇḍa’ntiādinā (visuddhi. 1.19; dī. ni. aṭṭha. 1.7) vuttanayena sammā sīlaṃ parirakkhantena suṭṭhu tayā pesalena bhavitabbaṃ. Api ca tayā dhammadesanāya yānattaye sattānaṃ avatāraṇaparipācanāni kātabbāni, sīlavikalassa ca vacanaṃ na paccetabbaṃ hoti asappāyāhāravicārassa viya vejjassa tikicchanaṃ, tasmā kathāhaṃ saddheyyo hutvā sattānaṃ avatāraṇaparipācanāni kareyya’’nti sabhāvaparisuddhasīlena bhavitabbaṃ. Kiñca ‘‘jhānādiguṇavisesayogena me sattānaṃ upakārakaraṇasamatthatā<a name="P1.0101"></a>, paññāpāramīādiparipūraṇañca, jhānādayo ca guṇā sīlapārisuddhiṃ vinā na sambhavantī’’ti sammadeva sīlaṃ parisodhetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā <a name="V1.0070"></a> ‘‘sambādho gharāvāso rajopatho’’tiādinā (dī. ni. 1.191; ma. ni. 1.291; saṃ. ni. 2.154; ma. ni. 2.10) gharāvāse ‘‘aṭṭhikaṅkalūpamā kāmā’’tiādinā (ma. ni. 1.234; pāci. 417; mahāni. 3, 6;), ‘‘mātāpi puttena vivadatī’’tiādinā (ma. ni. 1.168, 178) ca kāmesu ‘‘seyyathāpi puriso iṇaṃ ādāya kammante payojeyyā’’tiādinā (dī. ni. 1.218) kāmacchandādīsu ādīnavadassanapubbaṅgamā vuttavipariyāyena ‘‘abbhokāso pabbajjā’’tiādinā (dī. ni. 1.1.91; saṃ. ni. 1.154) pabbajjādīsu ānisaṃsapaṭisaṅkhāvasena <span class="bld">nekkhammapāramiyaṃ</span> paccavekkhaṇā veditabbā. Ayamettha saṅkhepattho, vitthāro pana dukkhakkhandha (ma. ni. 1.163) vīmaṃsasuttādi (ma. ni. 1.487) vasena dukkhakkhandhaāsivisopamasuttādivasena (cariyā. aṭṭha. pakiṇṇakakathāyaṃ) veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā ‘‘paññāya vinā dānādayo dhammā na visujjhanti, yathāsakaṃ byāpārasamatthā ca na hontī’’ti paññāguṇā manasi kātabbā. Yatheva hi jīvitena vinā sarīrayantaṃ na sobhati, na ca attano kiriyāsu paṭipattisamatthaṃ hoti, yathā ca cakkhādīni indriyāni viññāṇena vinā yathāsakaṃ visayesu kiccaṃ kātuṃ nappahonti, evaṃ saddhādīni indriyāni paññāya <a name="M1.0079"></a> vinā sakiccapaṭipattiyaṃ asamatthānīti pariccāgādipaṭipattiyaṃ paññā padhānakāraṇaṃ. Ummīlitapaññācakkhukā hi mahāsattā attano aṅgapaccaṅgānipi datvā anattukkaṃsakā, aparavambhakā ca honti, bhesajjarukkhā viya vikapparahitā kālattayepi <a name="P1.0102"></a> somanassajātā. Paññāvasena upāyakosallayogato pariccāgo parahitappavattiyā dānapāramibhāvaṃ upeti. Attatthañhi dānaṃ vuḍḍhisadisaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā paññāya abhāvena taṇhādisaṃkilesāviyogato sīlassa visuddhiyeva na sambhavati, kuto sabbaññuguṇādhiṭṭhānabhāvo. Paññavā eva ca gharāvāse kāmaguṇesu saṃsāre ca ādīnavaṃ, pabbajjāya jhānasamāpattiyaṃ nibbāne ca ānisaṃsaṃ suṭṭhu sallakkhento pabbajitvā jhānasamāpattiyo nibbattetvā nibbānaninno, pare ca tattha patiṭṭhapetīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vīriyañca paññārahitaṃ yadicchitamatthaṃ na sādheti durārambhabhāvato. Varameva hi anārambho durārambhato, paññāsahitena pana vīriyena na kiñci duradhigamaṃ upāyapaṭipattito. Tathā paññavā eva parāpakārādiadhivāsakajātiyo hoti, na duppañño. Paññāvirahitassa ca parehi upanītā apakārā khantiyā paṭipakkhameva anubrūhenti, paññavato pana te khantisampattiyā <a name="V1.0071"></a> paribrūhanavasena assā thirabhāvāya saṃvattanti. Paññavā eva tīṇi saccāni tesaṃ kāraṇāni paṭipakkhe ca yathābhūtaṃ jānitvā paresaṃ avisaṃvādako hoti. Tathā paññābalena attānaṃ upatthambhetvā dhitisampadāya sabbapāramīsu acalasamādānādhiṭṭhāno hoti, paññavā eva ca piyamajjhattaverīvibhāgaṃ akatvā sabbattha hitūpasaṃhārakusalo hoti. Tathā paññāvasena lābhādilokadhammasannipāte nibbikāratāya majjhatto hoti. Evaṃ sabbāsaṃ pāramīnaṃ paññāva pārisuddhihetūti paññāguṇā paccavekkhitabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica paññāya vinā na dassanasampatti, antarena ca diṭṭhisampadaṃ na sīlasampadā, sīladiṭṭhisampadārahitassa na samādhisampadā, asamāhitena ca na sakkā attahitamattampi sādhetuṃ, pageva ukkaṃsagataṃ parahitanti parahitāya paṭipannena ‘‘nanu tayā sakkaccaṃ paññāpārisuddhiyaṃ <a name="P1.0103"></a> āyogo karaṇīyo’’ti bodhisattena attā ovaditabbo. Paññānubhāvena hi mahāsatto <a name="M1.0080"></a> caturadhiṭṭhānādhiṭṭhito catūhi saṅgahavatthūhi (dī. ni. 3.210, 313; a. ni. 10.32) lokaṃ anuggaṇhanto satte niyyānikamagge avatāreti, indriyāni ca nesaṃ paripāceti. Tathā paññābalena khandhāyatanādīsu pavicayabahulo pavattinivattiyo yāthāvato parijānanto dānādayo guṇe visesanibbedhabhāgiyabhāvaṃ nayanto bodhisattasikkhāya paripūrakārī hotīti evamādinā anekākāravokāre paññāguṇe vavatthapetvā paññāpāramī anubrūhetabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā dissamānapārānipi lokiyāni kammāni nihīnavīriyena pāpuṇituṃ asakkuṇeyyāni, agaṇitakhedena pana āraddhavīriyena duradhigamaṃ nāma natthi. Nihīnavīriyo hi ‘‘saṃsāramahoghato sabbasatte santāressāmī’’ti ārabhitumeva na sakkuṇoti. Majjhimo ārabhitvā antarāvosānamāpajjati. Ukkaṭṭhavīriyo pana attasukhanirapekkho ārambhapāraṃ adhigacchatīti vīriyasampatti paccavekkhitabbā. Apica ‘‘yassa attanoyeva saṃsārapaṅkato samuddharaṇatthamārambho, tassāpi vīriyassa sithilabhāvena manorathānaṃ matthakappatti na sakkā sambhāvetuṃ, pageva sadevakassa lokassa samuddharaṇatthaṃ katābhinīhārenā’’ti ca ‘‘rāgādīnaṃ dosagaṇānaṃ mattamahāgajānaṃ viya dunnivārayabhāvato, tannidānānañca kammasamādānānaṃ ukkhittāsikavadhakasadisabhāvato, tannimittānañca duggatīnaṃ sabbadā vivaṭamukhabhāvato, tattha niyojakānañca pāpamittānaṃ sadā sannihitabhāvato, tadovādakāritāya ca bālassa puthujjanabhāvassa sati sambhave yuttaṃ sayameva saṃsāradukkhato nissaritu’’nti ca ‘‘micchāvitakkā vīriyānubhāvena dūrī bhavantī’’ti ca ‘‘yadi pana sambodhi attādhīnena vīriyena <a name="V1.0072"></a> sakkā samadhigantuṃ<a name="P1.0104"></a>, kimettha dukkara’’nti ca evamādinā nayena vīriyassa guṇāpaccavekkhitabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā ‘‘khanti nāmāyaṃ niravasesaguṇapaṭipakkhassa kodhassa vidhamanato guṇasampādane sādhūnamappaṭihatamāyudhaṃ, parābhibhavane samatthānaṃ alaṅkāro, samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ balasampadā, kodhaggivinayanī udakadhārā, kalyāṇassa kittisaddassa sañjātideso, pāpapuggalānaṃ vacīvisavūpasamakaro mantāgado, saṃvare ṭhitānaṃ paramā dhīrapakati, gambhīrāsayatāya sāgaro, dosamahāsāgarassa velā, apāyadvārassa pidhānakavāṭaṃ, devabrahmalokānaṃ <a name="M1.0081"></a> ārohaṇasopānaṃ, sabbaguṇānaṃ adhivāsanabhūmi, uttamā kāyavacīmanovisuddhī’’ti manasi kātabbaṃ. Api ca ‘‘ete sattā khantisampattiyā abhāvato idha ceva tapanti, paraloke ca tapanīyadhammānuyogato’’ti ca ‘‘yadipi parāpakāranimittaṃ dukkhaṃ uppajjati, tassa pana dukkhassa khettabhūto attabhāvo, bījabhūtañca kammaṃ mayāva abhisaṅkhata’’nti ca ‘‘tassa dukkhassa āṇaṇyakāraṇameta’’nti ca ‘‘apakārake asati kathaṃ mayhaṃ khantisampadā sambhavatī’’ti ca ‘‘yadipāyaṃ etarahi apakārako, ayaṃ nāma pubbe anena mayhaṃ upakāro kato’’ti ca ‘‘apakāro eva vā khantinimittatāya upakāro’’ti ca ‘‘sabbepime sattā mayhaṃ puttasadisā, puttakatāparādhesu ca ko kujjhissatī’’ti ca ‘‘yena kodhabhūtāvesena ayaṃ mayhaṃ aparajjhati, so kodhabhūtāveso mayā vinetabbo’’ti ca ‘‘yena apakārena idaṃ mayhaṃ dukkhaṃ uppannaṃ, tassa ahampi nimitta’’nti ca ‘‘yehi dhammehi aparādho kato, yattha ca kato, sabbepi te tasmiṃyeva khaṇe niruddhā, kassidāni kena kodho kātabbo’’ti ca ‘‘anattatāya sabbadhammānaṃ ko kassa aparajjhatī’’ti ca paccavekkhantena khantisampadā brūhetabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadi <a name="P1.0105"></a> panassa dīgharattaṃ paricayena parāpakāranimittako kodho cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭheyya, iti paṭisañcikkhitabbaṃ ‘‘khanti nāmesā parāpakārassa paṭipakkhapaṭipattīnaṃ paccupakārakāraṇa’’nti ca ‘‘apakāro ca mayhaṃ dukkhuppādanena dukkhupanisāya saddhāya, sabbaloke anabhiratisaññāya ca paccayo’’ti ca ‘‘indriyapakatiresā, yadidaṃ iṭṭhāniṭṭhavisayasamāyogo, tattha aniṭṭhavisayasamāyogo mayhaṃ na siyāti taṃ kutettha labbhā’’ti ca ‘‘kodhavasiko satto kodhena ummatto vikkhittacitto, tattha kiṃ paccapakārenā’’ti ca ‘‘sabbe pime sattā sammāsambuddhena orasaputtā viya paripālitā, tasmā na tattha mayā cittakopopi kātabbo’’ti ca ‘‘aparādhake ca sati guṇe guṇavati mayā na kopo kātabbo’’ti ca ‘‘asati guṇe visesena karuṇāyitabbo’’ti ca ‘‘kopena ca mayhaṃ guṇayasā <a name="V1.0073"></a> nihīyantī’’ti ca ‘‘kujjhanena mayhaṃ dubbaṇṇadukkhaseyyādayo sapattakantā āgacchantī’’ti ca ‘‘kodho ca nāmāyaṃ sabbāhitakārako <a name="M1.0082"></a> sabbahitavināsako balavā paccatthiko’’ti ca ‘‘sati ca khantiyā na koci paccatthiko’’ti ca ‘‘aparādhakena aparādhanimittaṃ yaṃ āyatiṃ laddhabbaṃ dukkhaṃ, sati ca khantiyā mayhaṃ tadabhāvo’’ti ca ‘‘cintanena kujjhantena ca mayā paccatthikoyeva anuvattito hotī’’ti ca ‘‘kodhe ca mayā khantiyā abhibhūte tassa dāsabhūto paccatthiko sammadeva abhibhūto hotī’’ti ca ‘‘kodhanimittaṃ khantiguṇapariccāgo mayhaṃ na yutto’’ti ca ‘‘sati ca kodhe guṇavirodhini (guṇavirodhapaccanīdhamme cariyā. aṭṭha. pakiṇṇakakathāyaṃ) kiṃ me sīlādidhammā pāripūriṃ gaccheyyuṃ, asati ca tesu kathāhaṃ sattānaṃ upakārabahulo paṭiññānurūpaṃ uttamaṃ sampattiṃ pāpuṇissāmī’’ti ca ‘‘khantiyā ca sati bahiddhā vikkhepābhāvato samāhitassa sabbe saṅkhārā aniccato dukkhato sabbe dhammā anattato nibbānañca asaṅkhatāmatasantapaṇītādibhāvato nijjhānaṃ khamanti <a name="P1.0106"></a> ‘buddhadhammā ca acinteyyāparimeyyapabhāvā’ti’’, tato ca ‘‘anulomiyaṃ khantiyaṃ ṭhito ‘kevalā ime ca attattaniyabhāvarahitā dhammamattā yathāsakaṃ paccayehi uppajjanti vayanti, na kutoci āgacchanti, na kuhiñci gacchanti, na ca katthaci patiṭṭhitā, na cettha koci kassaci byāpāro’ti ahaṃkāramamaṃkārānadhiṭṭhānatā nijjhānaṃ khamati, yena bodhisatto bodhiyā niyato anāvattidhammo hotī’’ti evamādinā khantipāramiyaṃ paccavekkhaṇā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā ‘‘saccena vinā sīlādīnaṃ asambhavato, paṭiññānurūpaṃ paṭipattiyā abhāvato ca saccadhammātikkame ca sabbapāpadhammānaṃ samosaraṇato, asaccasandhassa appaccayikabhāvato, āyatiñca anādeyyavacanatāvahanato, sampannasaccassa ca sabbaguṇādhiṭṭhānabhāvato, saccādhiṭṭhānena sabbabodhisambhārānaṃ pārisuddhipāripūrisamanvāyato, sabhāvadhammāvisaṃvādanena sabbabodhisambhārakiccakaraṇato, bodhisattapaṭipattiyā ca parinipphattito’’tiādinā <span class="bld">saccapāramiyā</span> sampattiyo paccavekkhitabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā ‘‘dānādīsu daḷhasamādānaṃ, tampaṭipakkhasannipāte ca nesaṃ acalāvatthānaṃ, tattha ca thirabhāvaṃ vinā na dānādisambhārā sambodhinimittā sambhavantī’’tiādinā <span class="bld">adhiṭṭhāne</span> guṇā paccavekkhitabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā <a name="M1.0083"></a> ‘‘attahitamatte avatiṭṭhantenāpi sattesu hitacittataṃ vinā na sakkā idhalokaparalokasampattiyo <a name="V1.0074"></a> pāpuṇituṃ, pageva sabbasatte nibbānasampattiyaṃ patiṭṭhāpetukāmenā’’ti ca ‘‘pacchā sabbasattānaṃ lokuttarasampattiṃ ākaṅkhantena idāni lokiyasampattiṃ ākaṅkhā yuttarūpā’’ti ca ‘‘idāni āsayamattena paresaṃ hitasukhūpasaṃhāraṃ kātuṃ asakkonto kadā payogena taṃ sādhessāmī’’ti ca ‘‘idāni mayā hitasukhūpasaṃhārena saṃvaddhitā pacchā dhammasaṃvibhāgasahāyā <a name="P1.0107"></a> mayhaṃ bhavissantī’’ti ca ‘‘etehi vinā na mayhaṃ bodhisambhārā sambhavanti, tasmā sabbabuddhaguṇavibhūtinipphattikāraṇattā mayhaṃ ete paramaṃ puññakkhettaṃ anuttaraṃ kusalāyatanaṃ uttamaṃ gāravaṭṭhāna’’nti ca ‘‘savisesaṃ sattesu sabbesu hitajjhāsayatā paccupaṭṭhapetabbā, kiñca karuṇādhiṭṭhānatopi sabbasattesu mettā anubrūhetabbā. Vimariyādīkatena hi cetasā sattesu hitasukhūpasaṃhāraniratassa tesaṃ ahitadukkhāpanayanakāmatā balavatī uppajjati daḷhamūlā, karuṇā ca sabbesaṃ buddhakārakadhammānamādi caraṇaṃ patiṭṭhā mūlaṃ mukhaṃ pamukha’’nti evamādinā <span class="bld">mettāya</span> guṇā paccavekkhitabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā ‘‘upekkhāya abhāve sattehi katā vippakārā cittassa vikāraṃ uppādeyyuṃ, sati ca cittavikāre dānādisambhārānaṃ sambhavoyeva natthī’’ti ca ‘‘mettāsinehena sinehite citte upekkhāya vinā sambhārānaṃ pārisuddhi na hotī’’ti ca ‘‘anupekkhako sambhāresu puññasambhāraṃ tabbipākañca sattahitatthaṃ pariṇāmetuṃ na sakkotī’’ti ca ‘‘upekkhāya abhāve deyyapaṭiggāhakesu vibhāgaṃ akatvā pariccajituṃ na sakkotī’’ti ca ‘‘upekkhārahitena jīvitaparikkhārānaṃ jīvitassa ca antarāyaṃ amanasikaritvā saṃvaravisodhanaṃ kātuṃ na sakkā’’ti ca ‘‘upekkhāvasena aratiratisahasseva nekkhammabalasiddhito, upapattito ikkhanavaseneva sabbasambhārakiccanipphattito, accāraddhassa vīriyassa anupekkhane padhānakiccākaraṇato, upekkhatoyeva titikkhānijjhānasambhavato, upekkhāvasena sattasaṅkhārānaṃ avisaṃvādanato, lokadhammānaṃ ajjhupekkhanena samādinnadhammesu acalādhiṭṭhānasiddhito, parāpakārādīsu anābhogavaseneva mettāvihāranipphattitoti sabbabodhisambhārānaṃ samādānādhiṭṭhānapāripūrinipphattiyo <a name="P1.0108"></a> upekkhānubhāvena sampajjantī’’ti evaṃ ādinā nayena <span class="bld">upekkhāpāramī</span> <a name="M1.0084"></a> paccavekkhitabbā. Evaṃ apariccāgapariccāgādīsu yathākkamaṃ ādīnavānisaṃsapaccavekkhaṇā dānādipāramīnaṃ paccayoti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā saparikkhārā pañcadasa caraṇadhammā pañca ca abhiññāyo. Tattha <span class="bld">caraṇadhammā</span> nāma sīlasaṃvaro, indriyesu guttadvāratā, bhojane mattaññutā, jāgariyānuyogo, satta saddhammā, cattāri jhānāni ca. Tesu sīlādīnaṃ catunnaṃ terasapi dhutadhammā, appicchatādayo ca <span class="bld">parikkhāro</span><a name="V1.0075"></a>. Saddhammesu <span class="bld">saddhāya</span> buddhadhammasaṅghasīlacāgadevatūpasamānussati- lūkhapuggalaparivajjanasiniddhapuggalasevanapasādanīya- dhammapaccavekkhaṇatadadhimuttatā <span class="bld">parikkhāro, hirottappānaṃ</span> akusalādīnavapaccavekkhaṇaapāyādīnavapaccavekkhaṇakusaladhammupatthambhana- bhāvapaccavekkhaṇahirottappa rahitapuggalaparivajjanahirottappasampannapuggalasevanatadadhimuttatā, <span class="bld">bāhusaccassa</span> pubbayogaparipucchakabhāvasaddhammābhiyogaanavajjavijjāṭṭhānādi- paricayaparipakkindriyatākilesadūrībhāvaappassutaparivajjanabahussutasevanatadadhimuttatā, <span class="bld">vīriyassa</span> apāyabhayapaccavekkhaṇagamanavīthipaccavekkhaṇadhammamahattapaccavekkhaṇa- thinamiddhavinodanakusītapuggalaparivajjanaāraddhavīriyapuggala- sevanasammappadhānapaccavekkhaṇatadadhimuttatā, <span class="bld">satiyā</span> satisampajaññamuṭṭhassatipuggalaparivajjanaupaṭṭhitassatipuggalasevanatadadhimuttatā, <span class="bld">paññāya</span> paripucchakabhāvavatthuvisadakiriyāindriyasamattapaṭipādanaduppañña- puggalaparivajjanapaññavantapuggalasevanagambhīrañāṇacariyapacca- vekkhaṇatadadhimuttatā, catunnaṃ jhānānaṃ sīlādicatukkaṃ aṭṭhatiṃsāya ārammaṇesu <a name="P1.0109"></a> pubbabhāgabhāvanā, āvajjanādivasībhāvakaraṇañca <span class="bld">parikkhāro.</span> Tattha sīlādīhi payogasuddhiyā sattānaṃ abhayadāne, āsayasuddhiyā āmisadāne, ubhayasuddhiyā ca dhammadāne samattho hotītiādinā caraṇādīnaṃ dānādisambhārānaṃ paccayabhāvo yathārahaṃ niddhāretabbo, ativitthārabhayena na niddhārayimha. Evaṃ sampatticakkādayopi dānādīnaṃ paccayoti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ko saṃkileso</span>ti avisesena taṇhādīhi parāmaṭṭhabhāvo pāramīnaṃ saṃkileso, visesena deyyapaṭiggāhakavikappā dānapāramiyā saṃkileso, sattakālavikappā sīlapāramiyā, kāmabhavatadupasamesu abhiratianabhirativikappā nekkhammapāramiyā, ‘‘ahaṃ mamā’’ti vikappā paññāpāramiyā, līnuddhaccavikappā vīriyapāramiyā, attaparavikappā khantipāramiyā, adiṭṭhādīsu diṭṭhādivikappā saccapāramiyā, bodhisambhāratabbipakkhesu dosaguṇavikappā <a name="M1.0085"></a> adhiṭṭhānapāramiyā, hitāhitavikappā mettāpāramiyā, iṭṭhāniṭṭhavikappā upekkhāpāramiyā saṃkilesoti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kiṃ vodāna</span>nti taṇhādīhi anupaghāto, yathāvuttavikappaviraho ca etāsaṃ vodānanti veditabbaṃ. Anupahatā hi taṇhāmānadiṭṭhikodhūpanāhamakkhapalāsaissāmacchariyamāyāsāṭheyyathambhasārambha- madapamādādīhi kilesehi deyyapaṭiggāhakavikappādirahitā ca dānādipāramiyo parisuddhā pabhassarā bhavantīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ko</span> <a name="V1.0076"></a> <span class="bld">paṭipakkho</span>ti avisesena sabbepi kilesā sabbepi akusalā dhammā etāsaṃ paṭipakkho, visesena pana pubbe vuttā maccherādayoti veditabbā. Apica deyyapaṭiggāhakadānaphalesu alobhādosāmohaguṇayogato lobhadosamohapaṭipakkhaṃ dānaṃ, kāyādidosavaṅkāpagamanato lobhādipaṭipakkhaṃ sīlaṃ<a name="P1.0110"></a>, kāmasukhaparūpaghātaattakilamathaparivajjanato dosattayapaṭipakkhaṃ nekkhammaṃ, lobhādīnaṃ andhīkaraṇato, ñāṇassa ca anandhīkaraṇato lobhādipaṭipakkhā paññā, alīnānuddhatañāyārambhavasena lobhādipaṭipakkhaṃ vīriyaṃ, iṭṭhāniṭṭhasuññatānaṃ khamanato lobhādipaṭipakkhā khanti, satipi paresaṃ upakāre apakāre ca yathābhūtappavattiyā lobhādipaṭipakkhaṃ saccaṃ, lokadhamme abhibhuyya yathāsamādinnesu sambhāresu acalanato lobhādipaṭipakkhaṃ adhiṭṭhānaṃ, nīvaraṇavivekato lobhādipaṭipakkhā mettā, iṭṭhāniṭṭhesu anunayapaṭighaviddhaṃsanato, samappavattito ca lobhādipaṭipakkhā upekkhāti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kā paṭipattī</span>ti sukhūpakaraṇasarīrajīvitapariccāgena bhayāpanūdanena dhammopadesena ca bahudhā sattānaṃ anuggahakaraṇaṃ dāne paṭipatti. Tatthāyaṃ vitthāranayo – ‘‘imināhaṃ dānena sattānaṃ āyuvaṇṇasukhabalapaṭibhānādisampattiṃ ramaṇīyaṃ aggaphalasampattiṃ nipphādeyya’’nti annadānaṃ deti, tathā sattānaṃ kammakilesapipāsavūpasamāya pānaṃ deti, tathā suvaṇṇavaṇṇatāya, hirottappālaṅkārassa ca nipphattiyā vatthāni deti, tathā iddhividhassa ceva nibbānasukhassa ca nipphattiyā yānaṃ deti, tathā sīlagandhanipphattiyā gandhaṃ, buddhaguṇasobhānipphattiyā mālāvilepanaṃ, bodhimaṇḍāsananipphattiyā āsanaṃ<a name="M1.0086"></a>, tathāgataseyyānipphattiyā seyyaṃ, saraṇabhāvanipphattiyā āvasathaṃ, pañcacakkhupaṭilābhāya padīpeyyaṃ deti. Byāmappabhānipphattiyā rūpadānaṃ, brahmassaranipphattiyā saddadānaṃ, sabbalokassa piyabhāvāya rasadānaṃ, buddhasukhumālabhāvāya phoṭṭhabbadānaṃ, ajarāmaraṇabhāvāya bhesajjadānaṃ, kilesadāsabyavimocanatthaṃ <a name="P1.0111"></a> dāsānaṃ bhujissatādānaṃ, saddhammābhiratiyā anavajjakhiḍḍāratihetudānaṃ, sabbepi satte ariyāya jātiyā attano puttabhāvūpanayanāya puttadānaṃ, sakalassa lokassa patibhāvūpagamanāya dāradānaṃ, subhalakkhaṇasampattiyā suvaṇṇamaṇimuttāpavāḷādidānaṃ, anubyañjanasampattiyā nānāvidhavibhūsanadānaṃ, saddhammakosādhigamāya vittakosadānaṃ, dhammarājabhāvāya rajjadānaṃ, jhānādisampattiyā ārāmuyyānādivanadānaṃ, cakkaṅkitehi pādehi bodhimaṇḍūpasaṅkamanāya caraṇadānaṃ, caturoghanittharaṇāya sattānaṃ saddhammahatthadānatthaṃ hatthadānaṃ, saddhindriyādipaṭilābhāya kaṇṇanāsādidānaṃ, samantacakkhupaṭilābhāya cakkhudānaṃ, ‘‘dassanasavanānussaraṇapāricariyādīsu sabbakālaṃ sabbasattānaṃ hitasukhāvaho, sabbalokena ca upajīvitabbo me kāyo bhaveyyā’’ti maṃsalohitādidānaṃ, ‘‘sabbalokuttamo bhaveyya’’nti uttamaṅgadānaṃ deti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ <a name="V1.0077"></a> dadanto ca na anesanāya deti, na paropaghātena, na bhayena, na lajjāya, na dakkhiṇeyyarosanena, na paṇīte sati lūkhaṃ, na attukkaṃsanena, na paravambhanena, na phalābhikaṅkhāya, na yācakajigucchāya, na acittīkārena deti, atha kho sakkaccaṃ deti, sahatthena deti, kālena deti, cittiṃ katvā deti, avibhāgena deti, tīsu kālesu somanassito deti. Tatoyeva datvā na pacchānutāpī hoti, na paṭiggāhakavasena mānāvamānaṃ karoti, paṭiggāhakānaṃ piyasamudācāro hoti vadaññū yācayogo saparivāradāyī. Tañca dānasampattiṃ sakalalokahitasukhāya pariṇāmeti, attano ca akuppāya vimuttiyā, aparikkhayassa chandassa, aparikkhayassa vīriyassa, aparikkhayassa samādhānassa, aparikkhayassa ñāṇassa, aparikkhayāya sammāsambodhiyā <a name="P1.0112"></a> pariṇāmeti. Imañca dānapāramiṃ paṭipajjantena mahāsattena jīvite, bhogesu <a name="M1.0087"></a> ca aniccasaññā paccupaṭṭhapetabbā, sattesu ca mahākaruṇā. Evañhi bhoge gahetabbasāraṃ gaṇhanto ādittasmā viya agārasmā sabbaṃ sāpateyyaṃ, attānañca bahi nīharanto na kiñci seseti, niravasesato nissajjatiyeva. Ayaṃ tāva <span class="bld">dānapāramiyā</span> paṭipattikkamo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sīlapāramiyā</span> pana yasmā sabbaññusīlālaṅkārehi satte alaṅkaritukāmena attanoyeva tāva sīlaṃ visodhetabbaṃ, tasmā sattesu tathā dayāpannacittena bhavitabbaṃ, yathā supinantenapi na āghāto uppajjeyya. Parūpakāraniratatāya parasantako alagaddo viya na parāmasitabbo. Abrahmacariyatopi ārācārī, sattavidhamethuna saṃyogavirato, pageva paradāragamanato. Saccaṃ hitaṃ piyaṃ parimitameva ca kālena dhammiṃ kathaṃ bhāsitā hoti, anabhijjhālu abyāpanno aviparītadassano sammāsambuddhe niviṭṭhasaddho niviṭṭhapemo. Iti caturāpāyavaṭṭadukkhapathehi akusalakammapathehi, akusaladhammehi ca oramitvā saggamokkhapathesu kusalakammapathesu patiṭṭhitassa suddhāsayapayogatāya yathābhipatthitā sattānaṃ hitasukhūpasañhitā manorathā sīghaṃ abhinipphajjanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha hiṃsānivattiyā sabbasattānaṃ abhayadānaṃ deti, appakasireneva mettābhāvanaṃ sampādeti, ekādasa mettānisaṃse adhigacchati, appābādho hoti appātaṅko dīghāyuko sukhabahulo, lakkhaṇavisese pāpuṇāti, dosavāsanañca samucchindati. Tathā adinnādānanivattiyā corādiasādhāraṇe uḷāre bhoge adhigacchati, anāsaṅkanīyo piyo manāpo vissasanīyo, vibhavasampattīsu alaggacitto pariccāgasīlo<a name="P1.0113"></a>, lobhavāsanañca samucchindati. Abrahmacariyanivattiyā alobho hoti santakāyacitto, sattānaṃ piyo hoti manāpo <a name="V1.0078"></a> aparisaṅkanīyo, kalyāṇo cassa kittisaddo abbhuggacchati, alaggacitto hoti mātugāmesu aluddhāsayo, nekkhammabahulo, lakkhaṇavisese adhigacchati, lobhavāsanañca samucchindati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Musāvādanivattiyā sattānaṃ pamāṇabhūto hoti paccayiko theto ādeyyavacano devatānaṃ piyo manāpo surabhigandhamukho ārakkhiyakāyavacīsamācāro<a name="M1.0088"></a>, lakkhaṇavisese ca adhigacchati, kilesavāsanañca samucchindati. Pesuññanivattiyā parūpakkamehi abhejjakāyo hoti abhejjaparivāro, saddhamme ca abhijjanakasaddho, daḷhamitto bhavantaraparicitānampi sattānaṃ ekantapiyo, asaṃkilesabahulo. Pharusavācānivattiyā sattānaṃ piyo hoti manāpo sukhasīlo madhuravacano sambhāvanīyo, aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgato cassa saro (ma. ni. 2.387) nibbattati. Samphappalāpanivattiyā ca sattānaṃ piyo hoti manāpo garubhāvanīyo ca ādeyyavacano ca parimitālāpo, mahesakkho ca hoti mahānubhāvo, ṭhānuppattikena paṭibhānena pañhānaṃ byākaraṇakusalo, buddhabhūmiyañca ekāya eva vācāya anekabhāsānaṃ sattānaṃ anekesaṃ pañhānaṃ byākaraṇasamattho hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Anabhijjhālutāya icchitalābhī hoti, uḷāresu ca bhogesu ruciṃ paṭilabhati, khattiyamahāsālādīnaṃ sammato hoti, paccatthikehi anabhibhavanīyo, indriyavekallaṃ na pāpuṇāti, appaṭipuggalo ca hoti. Abyāpādena piyadassano hoti sattānaṃ sambhāvanīyo, parahitābhinanditāya ca satte appakasireneva pasādeti, alūkhasabhāvo ca hoti mettāvihārī, mahesakkho ca hoti mahānubhāvo. Micchādassanābhāvena kalyāṇe sahāye paṭilabhati, sīsacchedampi pāpuṇanto pāpakammaṃ na karoti, kammassakatādassanato akotūhalamaṅgaliko ca hoti, saddhamme cassa saddhā patiṭṭhitā hoti mūlajātā, saddahati ca tathāgatānaṃ bodhiṃ<a name="P1.0114"></a>, samayantaresu nābhiramati ukkāraṭṭhāne viya rājahaṃso, lakkhaṇattayaparijānanakusalo hoti, ante ca anāvaraṇañāṇalābhī, yāva bodhiṃ na pāpuṇāti, tāva tasmiṃ tasmiṃ sattanikāye ukkaṭṭhukkaṭṭho ca hoti, uḷāruḷārasampattiyo pāpuṇāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Iti hidaṃ sīlaṃ nāma sabbasampattīnaṃ adhiṭṭhānaṃ, sabbabuddhaguṇānaṃ pabhavabhūmi, sabbabuddhakaradhammānamādi caraṇaṃ mukhaṃ pamukha’’nti bahumānaṃ uppādetvā kāyavacīsaṃyame, indriyadamane, ājīvasampadāya, paccayaparibhoge ca satisampajaññabalena appamattena lābhasakkārasilokaṃ mittamukhapaccatthikaṃ viya sallakkhetvā ‘‘kikīva aṇḍa’’ntiādinā (visuddhi. 1.19; dī. ni. aṭṭha. 1.7) vuttanayena <a name="V1.0079"></a> sakkaccaṃ sīlaṃ sampādetabbaṃ<a name="M1.0089"></a>. Ayamettha saṅkhepo, vitthāro pana <span class="bld">visuddhimagge</span> (visuddhi. 1.6) vuttanayena veditabbo. Tañca panetaṃ sīlaṃ na attano duggatiparikilesavimuttiyā, sugatiyampi, na rajjasampattiyā, nacakkavatti-nadeva-nasakka-namāra-nabrahmasampattiyā, nāpi attano tevijjatādihetu, na paccekabodhiyā, atha kho sabbaññubhāvena sabbasattānaṃ anuttarasīlālaṅkārasampādanatthamevāti pariṇāmetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā sakalasaṃkilesanivāsaṭṭhānatāya, puttadārādīhi mahāsambādhatāya, kasivaṇijjādinānāvidhakammantādhiṭṭhānabyākulatāya ca gharāvāsassa nekkhammasukhādīnaṃ anokāsataṃ, kāmānañca ‘‘satthadhārālaggamadhubindu viya ca avaleyhamānā parittassādā vipulānatthānubandhā’’ti ca ‘‘vijjulatobhāsena gahetabbaṃ naccaṃ viya parittakālopalabbhā, ummattakālaṅkāro viya viparītasaññāya anubhavitabbā<a name="P1.0115"></a>, karīsāvacchādanasukhaṃ viya paṭikārabhūtā, udakatemitaṅguliyā ussāvakodakapānaṃ viya atittikarā, chātajjhattabhojanaṃ viya sābādhā, balisāmisaṃ viya byasanasannipātakāraṇā, aggisantāpo viya kālattayepi dukkhuppattihetubhūtā, makkaṭālepo viya bandhanimittā ghātakāvacchādanakimilayo viya anatthacchādanā, sapattagāmavāso viya bhayaṭṭhānabhūtā, paccatthikaposako viya kilesamārādīnaṃ āmisabhūtā, chaṇasampattiyo viya vipariṇāmadukkhā, koṭaraggi viya antodāhakā, purāṇakūpāvalambabīraṇamadhupiṇḍaṃ viya anekādīnavā, loṇūdakapānaṃ viya pipāsahetubhūtā, surāmerayaṃ viya nīcajanasevitā, appassādatāya aṭṭhikaṅkalūpamā’’tiādinā ca nayena ādīnavaṃ sallakkhetvā tabbipariyāyena nekkhamme ānisaṃsaṃ passantena nekkhammapavivekaupasamasukhādīsu ninnapoṇapabbhāracittena nekkhammapāramī pūretabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā yasmā paññā āloko viya andhakārena, mohena saha na vattati, tasmā mohakāraṇāni tāva bodhisattena parivajjitabbāni. Tatthimāni mohakāraṇāni – arati tandī vijambhitā ālasiyaṃ gaṇasaṅgaṇikārāmatā niddāsīlatā anicchayasīlatā ñāṇasmiṃ akutūhalatā micchādhimāno aparipucchakatā kāyassa na sammāparihāro asamāhitacittatā <a name="M1.0090"></a> duppaññānaṃ puggalānaṃ sevanā paññavantānaṃ apayirupāsanā attaparibhavo micchāvikappo <a name="P1.0116"></a> viparītābhiniveso kāyadaḷhībahulatā asaṃvegasīlatā pañca nīvaraṇāni. Saṅkhepato ye vā pana dhamme āsevato anuppannā paññā na uppajjati, uppannā parihāyati, iti imāni sammohakāraṇāni parivajjantena bāhusacce jhānādīsu ca yogo karaṇīyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatthāyaṃ <a name="V1.0080"></a> bāhusaccassa visayavibhāgo – pañca khandhā dvādasāyatanāni, aṭṭhārasa dhātuyo cattāri saccāni bāvīsatindriyāni dvādasapadiko paṭiccasamuppādo, tathā satipaṭṭhānādayo kusalādidhammappakārabhedā ca. Yāni ca loke anavajjāni vijjaṭṭhānāni, ye ca sattānaṃ hitasukhavidhānayogyā byākaraṇavisesā. Iti evaṃ pakāraṃ sakalameva sutavisayaṃ upāyakosallapubbaṅgamāya paññāya sativīriyupatthambhakāraṇāya sādhukaṃ uggahaṇasavanadhāraṇaparicayaparipucchāhi ogāhetvā tattha ca paresaṃ patiṭṭhapanena sutamayā paññā nibbattetabbā, tathā khandhādīnaṃ sabhāvadhammānaṃ ākāraparivitakkanamukhena te nijjhānaṃ khamāpentena cintāmayā, khandhādīnaṃyeva pana salakkhaṇasāmaññalakkhaṇapariggahavasena lokiyaṃ pariññaṃ nibbattentena pubbabhāgabhāvanāpaññā sampādetabbā. Evañhi ‘‘nāmarūpamattamidaṃ yathārahaṃ paccayehi uppajjati ceva nirujjhati ca, na ettha koci kattā vā kāretā vā, hutvā abhāvaṭṭhena aniccaṃ, udayabbayapaṭipīḷanaṭṭhena dukkhaṃ, avasavattanaṭṭhena anattā’’ti ajjhattikabāhire dhamme nibbisesaṃ parijānanto tattha āsaṅgaṃ pajahitvā, pare ca tattha taṃ jahāpetvā kevalaṃ karuṇāvaseneva yāva na buddhaguṇā hatthatalaṃ āgacchanti, tāva yānattaye satte avatāraṇaparipācanehi patiṭṭhāpento, jhānavimokkhasamādhisamāpattiyo ca vasībhāvaṃ pāpento paññāya ativiya matthakaṃ pāpuṇātīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā <a name="P1.0117"></a> sammāsambodhiyā katābhinīhārena mahāsattena ‘‘ko nu ajja puññañāṇasambhāro upacito, kiñca mayā kataṃ parahita’’nti divase divase paccavekkhantena sattahitatthaṃ ussāho karaṇīyo, sabbesampi sattānaṃ upakārāya attano kāyaṃ jīvitañca ossajjitabbaṃ, sabbepi sattā anodhiso mettāya karuṇāya ca pharitabbā, yā kāci <a name="M1.0091"></a> sattānaṃ dukkhuppatti, sabbā sā attani pāṭikaṅkhitabbā, sabbesañca sattānaṃ puññaṃ abbhanumoditabbaṃ, buddhamahantatā abhiṇhaṃ paccavekkhitabbā, yañca kiñci kammaṃ karoti kāyena vācāya vā, taṃ sabbaṃ bodhininnacittapubbaṅgamaṃ kātabbaṃ. Iminā hi upāyena bodhisattānaṃ aparimeyyo puññabhāgo upacīyati. Apica sattānaṃ paribhogatthaṃ paripālanatthañca attano sarīraṃ jīvitañca pariccajitvā khuppipāsāsītuṇhavātātapādidukkhapaṭikāro pariyesitabbo. Yañca yathāvuttadukkhapaṭikārajaṃ sukhaṃ attanā paṭilabhati, tathā ramaṇīyesu ārāmuyyānapāsādatalādīsu, araññāyatanesu ca kāyacittasantāpābhāvena abhinibbutattā sukhaṃ vindati, yañca suṇāti buddhānubuddhapaccekabuddhabodhisattānaṃ diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārabhūtaṃ jhānasamāpattisukhaṃ, taṃ sabbaṃ sattesu anodhiso upasaṃharati. Ayaṃ tāva asamāhitabhūmiyaṃ nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Samāhito <a name="V1.0081"></a> pana attanā yathānubhūtaṃ visesādhigamanibbattaṃ pītipassaddhisukhaṃ sabbasattesu adhimuccati, tathā mahati saṃsāradukkhe, tannimittabhūte ca kilesābhisaṅkhāradukkhe nimuggaṃ sattanikāyaṃ disvā tatthapi chedanabhedanaphālanapisanaggisantāpādijanitā dukkhā tibbā kharā kaṭukā vedanā nirantaraṃ cirakālaṃ vediyante nārake, aññamaññaṃ kujjhanasantāpanaviheṭhanahiṃsanaparādhīnatādīhi dukkhaṃ anubhavante tiracchāne, jotimālā’kulasarīre uddhabāhuviravante <a name="P1.0118"></a> ukkāmukhe khuppipāsādīhi ḍayhamāne ca vantakheḷādiāhāre ca mahādukkhaṃ vedayamāne pete ca pariyeṭṭhimūlakaṃ mahantaṃ anayabyasanaṃ pāpuṇante hatthacchedādikāraṇayogena dubbaṇṇaduddasikadaliddatādibhāvena khuppipāsādiyogena balavantehi abhibhavanīyato, paresaṃ vahanato, parādhīnato ca nārake pete tiracchāne ca atisayante apāyadukkhanibbisesaṃ dukkhaṃ anubhavante manusse ca tathā visayavisaparibhogavikkhittacittatāya rāgādipariyuṭṭhānena ḍayhamāne vāyuvegasamuṭṭhitajālāsamiddhasukkhakaṭṭhasannipāte aggikkhandhe viya anupasantapariḷāhavuttike anihataparādhīne kāmāvacaradeve ca mahatā vāyāmena vidūramākāsaṃ vigāhitasakuntā viya, balavantehi khittasarā viya ca ‘‘satipi cirappavattiyaṃ anaccantikatāya pātapariyosānā anatikkantajātijarāmaraṇā evā’’ti rūpāvacarārūpāvacaradeve ca <a name="M1.0092"></a> passantena mettāya karuṇāya ca anodhiso sattā pharitabbā. Evaṃ kāyena vācāya manasā ca bodhisambhāre nirantaraṃ upacinantena ussāho pavattetabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica ‘‘acinteyyāparimitavipuloḷāravimalanirupamanirupakkilesaguṇanicayanidānabhūtassa buddhabhāvassa ussakkitvā sampahaṃsanayogyaṃ vīriyaṃ nāma acinteyyānubhāvameva. Yaṃ na pacurajanā sotumpi sakkuṇanti, pageva paṭipajjituṃ. Tathā hi tividhā abhinīhāracittuppatti, catasso buddhabhūmiyo, cattāri saṅgahavatthūni (dī. ni. 3.210, 313; a. ni. 4.32), karuṇokāsatā, buddhadhammesu nijjhānakkhanti, sabbadhammesu nirupalepo, sabbasattesu puttasaññā, saṃsāradukkhehi aparikhedo, sabbadeyyadhammapariccāgo, tena ca niratimānatā, adhisīlasikkhādiadhiṭṭhānaṃ, tattha <a name="P1.0119"></a> ca acalatā, kusalakiriyāsu pītipāmojjaṃ, vivekaninnacittatā, jhānānuyogo, anavajjasutena atitti, yathāsutassa dhammassa paresaṃ hitajjhāsayena desanā, sattānaṃ ñāye nivesanaṃ, ārambhadaḷhatā, dhīravīrabhāvo, parāpavādaparāpakāresu vikārābhāvo, saccādhiṭṭhānaṃ, samāpattīsu vasībhāvo, abhiññāsu balappatti, lakkhaṇattayāvabodho, satipaṭṭhānādīsu abhiyogena lokuttaramaggasambhārasambharaṇaṃ, navalokuttarāvakkantī’’ti evamādikā sabbā bodhisambhārapaṭipatti vīriyānubhāveneva samijjhatīti <a name="V1.0082"></a> abhinīhārato yāva mahābodhi anossajjantena sakkaccaṃ nirantaraṃ vīriyaṃ sampādetabbaṃ. Sampajjamāne ca vīriye khantiādayo dānādayo ca sabbepi bodhisambhārā tadadhīnavuttitāya sampannā eva hontīti. Khantiādīsupi iminā nayena paṭipatti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Iti sattānaṃ sukhūpakaraṇapariccāgena bahudhā anuggahakaraṇaṃ dānena paṭipatti, sīlena tesaṃ jīvitasāpateyyadārarakkhaabhedapiyahitavacanāvihiṃsādikaraṇāni, nekkhammena nesaṃ āmisapaṭiggahaṇadhammadānādinā anekadhā hitacariyā, paññāya tesaṃ hitakaraṇūpāyakosallaṃ, vīriyena tattha ussāhārambhaasaṃhīrāni, khantiyā tadaparādhasahanaṃ, saccena tesaṃ <a name="M1.0093"></a> avañcanatadupakārakiriyāsamādānāvisaṃvādanādi, adhiṭṭhānena tadupakārakaraṇe anatthasampātepi acalanaṃ, mettāya tesaṃ hitasukhānucintanaṃ, upekkhāya tesaṃ upakārāpakāresu vikārānāpattīti evaṃ aparimāṇe satte ārabbha anukampitasabbasattassa bodhisattassa puthujjanehi asādhāraṇo aparimāṇo puññañāṇasambhārūpacayo ettha paṭipattīti veditabbaṃ. Yo cetāsaṃ paccayo vutto, tassa ca sakkaccaṃ sampādanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ko vibhāgo</span>ti dasa <a name="P1.0120"></a> pāramiyo, dasa upapāramiyo, dasa paramatthapāramiyoti samattiṃsa pāramiyo. Tattha katābhinīhārassa bodhisattassa parahitakaraṇābhininnaāsayappayogassa kaṇhadhammavokiṇṇā sukkadhammā pāramiyo, tehi avokiṇṇā sukkā dhammā upapāramiyo, akaṇhā asukkā paramatthapāramiyoti keci. Samudāgamanakālesu pūriyamānā pāramiyo, bodhisattabhūmiyaṃ puṇṇā upapāramiyo, buddhabhūmiyaṃ sabbākāraparipuṇṇā paramatthapāramiyo. Bodhisattabhūmiyaṃ vā parahitakaraṇato pāramiyo, attahitakaraṇato upapāramiyo, buddhabhūmiyaṃ balavesārajjasamadhigamena ubhayahitaparipūraṇato paramatthapāramiyoti evaṃ ādimajjhapariyosānesu paṇidhānārambhapariniṭṭhānesu tesaṃ vibhāgoti apare. Dosupasamakaruṇāpakatikānaṃ bhavasukhavimuttisukhaparamasukhappattānaṃ puññūpacayabhedato tabbibhāgoti aññe.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Lajjāsatimānāpassayānaṃ lokuttaradhammādhipatīnaṃ sīlasamādhipaññāgarukānaṃ tāritataritatārayitūnaṃ anubuddhapaccekabuddhasammāsambuddhānaṃ pāramī, upapāramī, paramatthapāramīti bodhittayappattito yathāvuttavibhāgoti keci. Cittapaṇidhito yāva vacīpaṇidhi, tāva pavattā sambhārā pāramiyo, vacīpaṇidhito yāva kāyapaṇidhi, tāva pavattā upapāramiyo, kāyapaṇidhito pabhuti paramatthapāramiyoti apare. Aññe pana ‘‘parapuññānumodanavasena pavattā sambhārā pāramiyo, paresaṃ kārāpanavasena pavattā upapāramiyo, sayaṃ karaṇavasena pavattā paramatthapāramiyo’’ti <a name="V1.0083"></a> vadanti. Tathā bhavasukhāvaho puññañāṇasambhāro pāramī, attano nibbānasukhāvaho upapāramī, paresaṃ tadubhayasukhāvaho paramatthapāramīti eke.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Puttadāradhanādiupakaraṇapariccāgo <a name="M1.0094"></a> pana dānapāramī, attano aṅgapariccāgo dānaupapāramī, attano jīvitapariccāgo <a name="P1.0121"></a> dānaparamatthapāramī. Tathā puttadārādikassa tividhassapi hetu avītikkamanavasena tisso sīlapāramiyo, tesu eva tividhesu vatthūsu ālayaṃ upacchinditvā nikkhamanavasena tisso nekkhammapāramiyo, upakaraṇaṅgajīvitataṇhaṃ samūhanitvā sattānaṃ hitāhitavinicchayakaraṇavasena tisso paññāpāramiyo, yathāvuttabhedānaṃ pariccāgādīnaṃ vāyamanavasena tisso vīriyapāramiyo, upakaraṇaṅgajīvitantarāyakarānaṃ khamanavasena tisso khantipāramiyo, upakaraṇaṅgajīvitahetu saccāpariccāgavasena tisso saccapāramiyo, dānādipāramiyo akuppādhiṭṭhānavaseneva samijjhantīti upakaraṇādivināsepi acalādhiṭṭhānavasena tisso adhiṭṭhānapāramiyo, upakaraṇādiupaghātakesupi sattesu mettāya avijahanavasena tisso mettāpāramiyo, yathāvuttavatthuttayassa upakārāpakāresu sattasaṅkhāresu majjhattatāpaṭilābhavasena tisso upekkhāpāramiyoti evamādinā etāsaṃ vibhāgo veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ko saṅgaho</span>ti ettha pana yathā etā vibhāgato tiṃsavidhāpi dānapāramīādibhāvato dasavidhā, evaṃ dānasīlakhantivīriyajhānapaññāsabhāvena chabbidhā. Etāsu hi nekkhammapāramī sīlapāramiyā saṅgahitā tassā pabbajjābhāve, nīvaraṇavivekabhāve pana jhānapāramiyā, kusaladhammabhāve chahipi saṅgahitā. Saccapāramī sīlapāramiyā ekadesoyeva vacīsaccaviratisaccapakkhe, ñāṇasaccapakkhe pana paññāpāramiyā saṅgahitā. Mettāpāramī jhānapāramiyā eva, upekkhāpāramī jhānapaññāpāramīhi, adhiṭṭhānapāramī sabbāhipi saṅgahitāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Etesañca dānādīnaṃ channaṃ guṇānaṃ aññamaññaṃ sambandhānaṃ pañcadasayugaḷādīni pañcadasayugaḷādisādhakāni honti – seyyathidaṃ? Dānasīlayugaḷena parahitāhitānaṃ karaṇākaraṇayugaḷasiddhi, dānakhantiyugaḷena <a name="P1.0122"></a> alobhādosayugaḷasiddhi, dānavīriyayugaḷena cāgasutayugaḷasiddhi, dānajhānayugaḷena kāmadosappahānayugaḷasiddhi, dānapaññāyugaḷena ariyayānadhurayugaḷasiddhi, sīlakhantidvayena payogāsayasuddhidvayasiddhi, sīlavīriyadvayena bhāvanādvayasiddhi, sīlajhānadvayena dussīlyapariyuṭṭhānappahānadvayasiddhi, sīlapaññādvayena dānadvayasiddhi, khantivīriyayugaḷena khamātejadvayasiddhi, khantijhānayugaḷena <a name="M1.0095"></a> virodhānurodhappahānayugaḷasiddhi<a name="V1.0084"></a>, khantipaññāyugaḷena suññatākhantipaṭivedhadukasiddhi, vīriyajhānadukena paggāhāvikkhepadukasiddhi, vīriyapaññādukena saraṇadukasiddhi, jhānapaññādukena yānadukasiddhi. Dānasīlakhantittikena lobhadosamohappahānattikasiddhi, dānasīlavīriyattikena bhogajīvitakāyasārādānattikasiddhi, dānasīlajhānattikena puññakiriyavatthuttikasiddhi, dānasīlapaññātikena āmisābhayadhammadānattikasiddhīti evaṃ itarehipi tikehi catukkādīhi ca yathāsambhavaṃ tikāni catukkādīni ca yojetabbāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ chabbidhānampi pana imāsaṃ pāramīnaṃ catūhi adhiṭṭhānehi saṅgaho veditabbo. Sabbapāramīnaṃ samūhasaṅgahato hi cattāri adhiṭṭhānāni. Seyyathidaṃ – saccādhiṭṭhānaṃ, cāgādhiṭṭhānaṃ, upasamādhiṭṭhānaṃ, paññādhiṭṭhānanti. Tattha adhitiṭṭhati etena, ettha vā adhitiṭṭhati, adhiṭṭhānamattameva vā tanti adhiṭṭhānaṃ. Saccañca taṃ adhiṭṭhānañca, saccassa vā adhiṭṭhānaṃ, saccaṃ adhiṭṭhānaṃ etassāti vā saccādhiṭṭhānaṃ. Evaṃ sesesupi. Tattha avisesato tāva lokuttaraguṇe katābhinīhārassa anukampitasabbasattassa mahāsattassa pariññānurūpaṃ sabbapāramipariggahato saccādhiṭṭhānaṃ, tesaṃ paṭipakkhapariccāgato cāgādhiṭṭhānaṃ, sabbapāramitāguṇehi upasamato upasamādhiṭṭhānaṃ<a name="P1.0123"></a>, tehiyeva parahitopāyakosallato paññādhiṭṭhānaṃ. Visesato pana ‘‘atthikajanaṃ avisaṃvādetvā dassāmī’’ti paṭijānato, paṭiññaṃ avisaṃvādetvā dānato, dānaṃ avisaṃvādetvā anumodanato, macchariyādipaṭipakkhapariccāgato, deyyapaṭiggāhakadānadeyyadhammakkhayesu lobhadosamohabhayavūpasamato, yathārahaṃ yathākālaṃ yathāvidhānañca dānato, paññuttarato ca kusaladhammānaṃ caturadhiṭṭhānapadaṭṭhānaṃ dānaṃ. Tathā saṃvarasamādānassa avītikkamato, dussīlyapariccāgato, duccaritavūpasamato, paññuttarato ca caturadhiṭṭhānapadaṭṭhānaṃ sīlaṃ. Yathāpaṭiññaṃ khamanato, parāparādhavikappapariccāgato, kodhapariyuṭṭhānavūpasamato, paññuttarato ca caturadhiṭṭhānapadaṭṭhānā khanti. Paṭiññānurūpaṃ parahitakaraṇato, visādapariccāgato, akusaladhammānaṃ vūpasamato, paññuttarato ca caturadhiṭṭhānapadaṭṭhānaṃ vīriyaṃ. Paṭiññānurūpaṃ lokahitānucintanato, nīvaraṇapariccāgato, cittavūpasamato, paññuttarato ca caturadhiṭṭhānapadaṭṭhānaṃ jhānaṃ. Yathāpaṭiññaṃ parahitūpāyakosallato, anupāyakiriyāpariccāgato<a name="M1.0096"></a>, mohajapariḷāhavūpasamato, sabbaññutāpaṭilābhato ca caturadhiṭṭhānapadaṭṭhānā paññā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha ñeyyapaṭiññānuvidhānehi saccādhiṭṭhānaṃ, vatthukāmakilesakāmapariccāgehi cāgādhiṭṭhānaṃ, dosadukkhavūpasamehi upasamādhiṭṭhānaṃ, anubodhapaṭivedhehi paññādhiṭṭhānaṃ. Tividhasaccapariggahitaṃ <a name="V1.0085"></a> dosattayavirodhi saccādhiṭṭhānaṃ, tividhacāgapariggahitaṃ dosattayavirodhi cāgādhiṭṭhānaṃ, tividhavūpasamapariggahitaṃ dosattayavirodhi upasamādhiṭṭhānaṃ, tividhañāṇapariggahitaṃ dosattayavirodhi paññādhiṭṭhānaṃ. Saccādhiṭṭhānapariggahitāni cāgūpasamapaññādhiṭṭhānāni avisaṃvādanato<a name="P1.0124"></a>, paṭiññānuvidhānato ca. Cāgādhiṭṭhānapariggahitāni saccūpasamapaññādhiṭṭhānāni paṭipakkhapariccāgato, sabbapariccāgaphalattā ca. Upasamādhiṭṭhānapariggahitāni saccacāgapaññādhiṭṭhānāni kilesapariḷāhūpasamato, kāmūpasamato, kāmapariḷāhūpasamato ca. Paññādhiṭṭhānapariggahitāni saccacāgūpasamādhiṭṭhānāni ñāṇapubbaṅgamato, ñāṇānuparivattanato cāti evaṃ sabbāpi pāramiyo saccappabhāvitā cāgaparibyañjitā upasamopabrūhitā paññāparisuddhā. Saccañhi etāsaṃ janakahetu, cāgo pariggāhakahetu, upasamo parivuḍḍhihetu, paññā pārisuddhihetu. Tathā ādimhi saccādhiṭṭhānaṃ saccapaṭiññattā, majjhe cāgādhiṭṭhānaṃ katapaṇidhānassa parahitāya attapariccāgato, ante upasamādhiṭṭhānaṃ sabbūpasamapariyosānattā, ādimajjhapariyosānesu paññādhiṭṭhānaṃ tasmiṃ sati sambhavato, asati abhāvato, yathāpaṭiññañca bhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha mahāpurisā attahitaparahitakarehi garupiyabhāvakarehi saccacāgādhiṭṭhānehi gihibhūtā āmisadānena pare anuggaṇhanti. Tathā attahitaparahitakarehi garupiyabhāvakarehi upasamapaññādhiṭṭhānehi ca pabbajitabhūtā dhammadānena pare anuggaṇhanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha antimabhave bodhisattassa caturadhiṭṭhānaparipūraṇaṃ. Paripuṇṇacaturadhiṭṭhānassa hi carimakabhavūpapattīti eke. Tatra hi gabbhokkantiṭhitiabhinikkhamanesu paññādhiṭṭhānasamudāgamena sato sampajāno saccādhiṭṭhānapāripūriyā sampatijāto uttarābhimukho sattapadavītihārena gantvā sabbā disā oloketvā saccānuparivattinā vacasā ‘‘aggohamasmi lokassa, jeṭṭho…pe… seṭṭhohamasmi lokassā’’ti (dī. ni. 2.31; ma. ni. 3.207) tikkhattuṃ <a name="M1.0097"></a><a name="P1.0125"></a> sīhanādaṃ nadi, upasamādhiṭṭhānasamudāgamena jiṇṇāturamatapabbajitadassāvino catudhammapadesakovidassa yobbanārogyajīvitasampattimadānaṃ upasamo, cāgādhiṭṭhānasamudāgamena mahato ñātiparivaṭṭassa hatthagatassa ca cakkavattirajjassa anapekkhapariccāgoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dutiye ṭhāne abhisambodhiyaṃ caturadhiṭṭhānaṃ paripuṇṇanti keci. Tattha hi yathāpaṭiññaṃ saccādhiṭṭhānasamudāgamena catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ abhisamayo, tato hi saccādhiṭṭhānaṃ paripuṇṇaṃ. Cāgādhiṭṭhānasamudāgamena <a name="V1.0086"></a> sabbakilesopakkilesapariccāgo, tato hi cāgādhiṭṭhānaṃ paripuṇṇaṃ. Upasamādhiṭṭhānasamudāgamena paramūpasamasampatti, tato hi upasamādhiṭṭhānaṃ paripuṇṇaṃ. Paññādhiṭṭhānasamudāgamena anāvaraṇañāṇapaṭilābho, tato hi paññādhiṭṭhānaṃ paripuṇṇanti, taṃ asiddhaṃ abhisambodhiyāpi paramatthabhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatiye ṭhāne dhammacakkappavattane (saṃ. ni. 5.1081; mahāva. 13; paṭi. ma. 2.30) caturadhiṭṭhānaṃ paripuṇṇanti aññe. Tattha hi saccādhiṭṭhānasamudāgatassa dvādasahi ākārehi ariyasaccadesanāya saccādhiṭṭhānaṃ paripuṇṇaṃ, cāgādhiṭṭhānasamudāgatassa saddhammamahāyāgakaraṇena cāgādhiṭṭhānaṃ paripuṇṇaṃ. Upasamādhiṭṭhānasamudāgatassa sayaṃ upasantassa paresaṃ upasamanena upasamādhiṭṭhānaṃ paripuṇṇaṃ, paññādhiṭṭhānasamudāgatassa vineyyānaṃ āsayādiparijānanena paññādhiṭṭhānaṃ paripuṇṇanti, tadapi asiddhaṃ apariyositattā buddhakiccassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Catutthe ṭhāne parinibbāne caturadhiṭṭhānaparipuṇṇanti apare. Tatra hi parinibbutattā paramatthasaccasampattiyā saccādhiṭṭhānaparipūraṇaṃ, sabbūpadhipaṭinissaggena cāgādhiṭṭhānaparipūraṇaṃ, sabbasaṅkhārūpasamena <a name="P1.0126"></a> upasamādhiṭṭhānaparipūraṇaṃ, paññāpayojanapariniṭṭhānena paññādhiṭṭhānaparipūraṇanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatra mahāpurisassa visesena mettākhette abhijātiyaṃ saccādhiṭṭhānasamudāgatassa saccādhiṭṭhānaparipūraṇamabhibyattaṃ, visesena karuṇākhette abhisambodhiyaṃ paññādhiṭṭhānasamudāgatassa paññādhiṭṭhānaparipūraṇamabhibyattaṃ, visesena muditākhette dhammacakkappavattane (saṃ. ni. 5.1081; mahāva. 13; paṭi. ma. 2.30) cāgādhiṭṭhānasamudāgatassa cāgādhiṭṭhānaparipūraṇamabhibyattaṃ, visesena upekkhākhette parinibbāne upasamādhiṭṭhānasamudāgatassa upasamādhiṭṭhānaparipūraṇamabhibyattanti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatrapi <a name="M1.0098"></a> saccādhiṭṭhānasamudāgatassa saṃvāsena sīlaṃ veditabbaṃ, cāgādhiṭṭhānasamudāgatassa saṃvohārena soceyyaṃ veditabbaṃ, upasamādhiṭṭhānasamudāgatassa āpadāsu thāmo veditabbo, paññādhiṭṭhānasamudāgatassa sākacchāya paññā veditabbā. Evaṃ sīlājīvacittadiṭṭhivisuddhiyo veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā <a name="V1.0087"></a> saccādhiṭṭhānasamudāgamena dosā agatiṃ na gacchati avisaṃvādanato, cāgādhiṭṭhānasamudāgamena lobhā agatiṃ na gacchati anabhisaṅgato, upasamādhiṭṭhānasamudāgamena bhayā agatiṃ na gacchati anaparādhato, paññādhiṭṭhānasamudāgamena mohā agatiṃ na gacchati yathābhūtāvabodhato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā paṭhamena aduṭṭho adhivāseti, dutiyena aluddho paṭisevati, tatiyena abhīto parivajjeti, catutthena asammūḷho vinodeti. Paṭhamena nekkhammasukhappatti, itarehi pavivekaupasamasambodhisukhappattiyo hontīti daṭṭhabbā. Tathā vivekajapītisukhasamādhijapītisukhaappītijakāyasukhasatipārisuddhijaupekkhāsukhappattiyo etehi catūhi yathākkamaṃ hontīti. Evamanekaguṇānubandhehi catūhi adhiṭṭhānehi sabbapāramisamūhasaṅgaho veditabbo. Yathā ca catūhi adhiṭṭhānehi sabbapāramisaṅgaho, evaṃ karuṇāpaññāhipīti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Sabbopi <a name="P1.0127"></a> hi bodhisambhāro karuṇāpaññāhi saṅgahito. Karuṇāpaññāpariggahitā hi dānādiguṇā mahābodhisambhārā bhavanti buddhattasiddhipariyosānāti evametāsaṃ saṅgaho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ko sampādanūpāyo</span>ti sakalassāpi puññādisambhārassa sammāsambodhiṃ, uddissa <span class="bld">anavasesasambharaṇaṃ</span> avekallakāritāyogena, tattha ca <span class="bld">sakkaccakāritā</span> ādarabahumānayogena, <span class="bld">sātaccakāritā</span> nirantarapayogena, cirakālādiyogo ca antarā avosānāpajjanenāti caturaṅgayogo etāsaṃ sampādanūpāyo. Apica samāsato katābhinīhārassa attani sinehassa pariyādānaṃ, paresu ca sinehassa parivaḍḍhanaṃ etāsaṃ sampādanūpāyo. Sammāsambodhisamadhigamāya hi katamahāpaṇidhānassa mahāsattassa yāthāvato parijānanena sabbesu dhammesu anupalittassa attani sineho parikkhayaṃ pariyādānaṃ gacchati, mahākaruṇāsamāyogavasena pana piye putte viya sabbasatte sampassamānassa tesu mettāsineho parivaḍḍhati. Tato ca taṃtadāvatthānurūpamattaparasantānesu <a name="M1.0099"></a> lobhadosamohavigamena vidūrīkatamacchariyādibodhisambhārapaṭipakkho mahāpuriso dānapiyavacanaatthacariyāsamānattatāsaṅkhātehi catūhi saṅgahavatthūhi (dī. ni. 3.210; a. ni. 4.32) caturadhiṭṭhānānugatehi accantaṃ janassa saṅgahakaraṇavasena upari yānattaye avatāraṇaṃ paripācanañca karoti. Mahāsattānañhi mahāpaññā mahākaruṇā ca dānena alaṅkatā; dānaṃ piyavacanena; piyavacanaṃ atthacariyāya; atthacariyā samānattatāya alaṅkatā saṅgahitā ca. Sabbabhūtattabhūtassa hi bodhisattassa sabbattha samānasukhadukkhatāya samānattatāsiddhi. Buddhabhūto pana teheva saṅgahavatthūhi caturadhiṭṭhānaparipūritābhibuddhehi janassa accantikasaṅgahakaraṇena abhivinayanaṃ karoti. Dānañhi <a name="V1.0088"></a> sammāsambuddhānaṃ cāgādhiṭṭhānena paripūritābhibuddhaṃ<a name="P1.0128"></a>; piyavacanaṃ saccādhiṭṭhānena; atthacariyā paññādhiṭṭhānena; samānattatā upasamādhiṭṭhānena paripūritābhibuddhā. Tathāgatānañhi sabbasāvakapaccekabuddhehi samānattatā parinibbāne. Tatra hi tesaṃ avisesato ekībhāvo. Tenevāha ‘‘natthi vimuttiyā nānatta’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Honti cettha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Sacco cāgī upasanto, paññavā anukampako,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sambhatasabbasambhāro, kaṃ nāmatthaṃ na sādhaye.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Mahākāruṇiko satthā, hitesī ca upekkhako,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Nirapekkho ca sabbattha, aho acchariyo jino.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Viratto sabbadhammesu, sattesu ca upekkhako,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sadā sattahite yutto, aho acchariyo jino.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Sabbadā sabbasattānaṃ, hitāya ca sukhāya ca,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Uyyutto akilāsū ca, aho acchariyo jino’’ti. (cariyā. aṭṭha. 320 pakiṇṇakakathā);</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kittakena kālena sampādana</span>nti heṭṭhimena tāva paricchedena cattāri asaṅkhyeyyāni kappasatasahassañca, majjhimena aṭṭhāsaṅkhyeyyāni kappasatasahassañca, uparimena soḷasāsaṅkhyeyyāni kappasatasahassañca, ete ca <a name="M1.0100"></a> bhedā yathākkamaṃ paññādhikasaddhādhikavīriyādhikavasena ñātabbā. Paññādhikānañhi saddhā mandā hoti, paññā tikkhā. Saddhādhikānaṃ paññā majjhimā hoti, vīriyādhikānaṃ paññā mandā. Paññānubhāvena ca sammāsambodhi abhigantabbāti aṭṭhakathāyaṃ vuttaṃ. Avisesena pana vimuttiparipācanīyānaṃ dhammānaṃ tikkhamajjhimamudubhāvena tayopete bhedā yuttāti vadanti. Tividhā hi bodhisattā abhinīhārakkhaṇe <a name="P1.0129"></a> bhavanti ugghaṭitaññūvipañcitaññūneyyabhedena. Tesu ugghaṭitaññū sammāsambuddhassa sammukhā catuppadikaṃ gāthaṃ suṇanto tatiyapade apariyositeyeva chaabhiññāhi saha paṭisambhidāhi arahattaṃ pattuṃ samatthupanissayo hoti, dutiyo satthu sammukhā catuppadikaṃ gāthaṃ suṇanto apariyositeyeva catutthapade chahi abhiññāhi arahattaṃ pattuṃ samatthupanissayo hoti, itaro bhagavato sammukhā catuppadikaṃ gāthaṃ <a name="V1.0089"></a> sutvā pariyositāya gāthāya chahi abhiññāhi arahattaṃ pattuṃ samatthupanissayo bhavati. Tayopete vinā kālabhedena katābhinīhāraladdhabyākaraṇā pāramiyo pūrentā yathākkamaṃ yathāvuttabhedena kālena sammāsambodhiṃ pāpuṇanti. Tesu tesu pana kālabhedesu aparipuṇṇesu te te mahāsattā divase divase vessantaradānasadisaṃ dānaṃ dentāpi tadanurūpe sīlādisabbapāramidhamme ācinantāpi antarā buddhā bhavissantīti akāraṇametaṃ. Kasmā? Ñāṇassa aparipaccanato. Paricchinnakālanipphāditaṃ viya hi sassaṃ paricchinnakāle parinipphāditā sammāsambodhi. Tadantarā pana sabbussāhena vāyamantenāpi na sakkā pāpuṇitunti pāramipāripūrī yathāvuttakālavisesaṃ vinā na sampajjatīti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ko ānisaṃso</span>ti ye te katābhinīhārānaṃ bodhisattānaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Evaṃ sabbaṅgasampannā, bodhiyā niyatā narā;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Saṃsaraṃ dīghamaddhānaṃ, kappakoṭisatehipi;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Avīcimhi nuppajjanti, tathā lokantaresu cā’’ti. ādinā (abhi. aṭṭha. 1.nidānakathā; apa. aṭṭha. 1.dūrenidānakathā; jā. aṭṭha. 1.dūrenidānakathā; bu. vaṃ. aṭṭha. 27.dūrenidānakathā; cariyā. aṭṭha. pakiṇṇakakathā) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Aṭṭhārasa abhabbaṭṭhānānupagamanappakārā ānisaṃsā saṃvaṇṇitā. Ye ca ‘‘sato <a name="P1.0130"></a> sampajāno ānanda bodhisatto tusitākāyā cavitvā <a name="M1.0101"></a> mātukucchiṃ okkamī’’tiādinā (ma. ni. 3.199) soḷasa acchariyabbhutadhammappakārā, ye ca ‘‘sītaṃ byapagataṃ hoti, uṇhañca upasammatī’’tiādinā (bu. vaṃ. 83), ‘‘jāyamāne kho sāriputta bodhisatte ayaṃ dasasahassilokadhātu saṅkampati sampakampati sampavedhatī’’tiādinā ca dvattiṃsa pubbanimittappakārā, ye vā panaññepi ‘‘bodhisattānaṃ adhippāyasamijjhanaṃ kammādīsu vasībhāvo’’ti evamādayo tattha tattha jātakabuddhavaṃsādīsu dassitappakārā ānisaṃsā, te sabbepi etāsaṃ ānisaṃsā, tathā yathānidassitabhedā alobhādosādiguṇayugaḷādayo cāti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kiṃ</span> <a name="V1.0090"></a> <span class="bld">phala</span>nti samāsato tāva sammāsambuddhabhāvo etāsaṃ phalaṃ, vitthārato pana dvattiṃsamahāpurisalakkhaṇa- (dī. ni. 2.24 ādayo; 3.168 ādayo; ma. ni. 2.385) asītianubyañjanabyāmappabhādianekaguṇagaṇasamujjalarūpakāyasampattiadhiṭṭhānā dasabalacatuvesārajjachaasādhāraṇañāṇaaṭṭhārasāveṇikabuddhadhamma- (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 3.305; mūlaṭī. 2.suttantabhājanīyavaṇṇanā) -pabhutianekasatasahassaguṇasamudayopasobhinī dhammakāyasirī, yāvatā pana buddhaguṇā ye anekehipi kappehi sammāsambuddhenāpi vācāya pariyosāpetuṃ na sakkā, idaṃ etāsaṃ phalanti ayamettha saṅkhepo, vitthāro pana buddhavaṃsacariyāpiṭakajātakamahāpadānasuttādīnaṃ vasena veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathāvuttāya paṭipadāya yathāvuttavibhāgānaṃ pāramīnaṃ pūritabhāvaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘samatiṃsa pāramiyo pūretvā’’</span>ti. Satipi mahāpariccāgānaṃ dānapāramibhāve pariccāgavisesabhāvadassanatthañceva sudukkarabhāvadassanatthañca <a name="P1.0131"></a> <span class="bld">‘‘pañca mahāpariccāge’’</span>ti visuṃ gahaṇaṃ, tatoyeva ca aṅgapariccāgato visuṃ nayanapariccāgaggahaṇaṃ, pariggahapariccāgabhāvasāmaññepi dhanarajjapariccāgato puttadārapariccāgaggahaṇañca kataṃ. Gatapaccāgatikavattasaṅkhātāya pubbabhāgapaṭipadāya saddhiṃ abhiññāsamāpattinipphādanaṃ <span class="bld">pubbayogo.</span> Dānādīsuyeva sātisayapaṭipattinipphādanaṃ <span class="bld">pubbacariyā,</span> yā cariyāpiṭakasaṅgahitā. Abhinīhāro <span class="bld">pubbayogo,</span> dānādipaṭipatti, kāyavivekavasena ekacariyā vā <span class="bld">pubbacariyā</span>ti keci. Dānādīnañceva appicchatādīnañca saṃsāranibbānesu <a name="M1.0102"></a> ādīnavānisaṃsādīnañca vibhāvanavasena sattānaṃ bodhittaye patiṭṭhāpanaparipācanavasena pavattā kathā <span class="bld">dhammakkhānaṃ.</span> Ñātīnaṃ atthacariyā <span class="bld">ñātatthacariyā,</span> sāpi karuṇāyanavaseneva. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena lokatthacariyādayo saṅgaṇhāti. Kammassakatāñāṇavasena, anavajjakammāyatanavijjāṭṭhānaparicayavasena, khandhāyatanādiparicayavasena, lakkhaṇattayatīraṇavasena ca ñāṇacāro <span class="bld">buddhicariyā,</span> sā pana atthato paññāpāramīyeva, ñāṇasambhāradassanatthaṃ visuṃ gahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Koṭi</span>nti pariyanto, ukkaṃsoti attho. Cattāro satipaṭṭhāne bhāvetvā brūhetvāti sambandho. Tattha <span class="bld">bhāvetvā</span>ti uppādetvā. <span class="bld">Brūhetvā</span>ti vaḍḍhetvā. Satipaṭṭhānādiggahaṇena āgamanapaṭipadaṃ matthakaṃ pāpetvā dasseti, vipassanāsahagatā eva vā satipaṭṭhānādayo daṭṭhabbā. Ettha ca ‘‘yena abhinīhārenā’’tiādinā āgamanapaṭipadāya ādiṃ dasseti, ‘‘dānapāramī’’tiādinā majjhaṃ, ‘‘cattāro satipaṭṭhāne’’tiādinā pariyosānanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sampatijāto</span>ti hatthato muccitvā muhuttajāto, na mātukucchito nikkhantamatto. Nikkhantamattañhi <a name="V1.0091"></a> mahāsattaṃ paṭhamaṃ brahmāno suvaṇṇajālena paṭiggaṇhiṃsu, tesaṃ hatthato cattāro mahārājāno ajinappaveṇiyā, tesaṃ hatthato manussā dukūlacumbaṭakena paṭiggaṇhiṃsu, manussānaṃ hatthato muñcitvā pathaviyaṃ patiṭṭhitoti <span class="bld">yathāha</span> <a name="P1.0132"></a> bhagavā mahāpadānadesanāyaṃ. <span class="bld">Setamhi chatte</span>ti dibbasetacchatte. <span class="bld">Anuhīramāne</span>ti dhāriyamāne. Ettha ca chattaggahaṇeneva khaggādīni pañca kakudhabhaṇḍānipi (jā. 2.19.72) vuttānevāti veditabbaṃ. Khaggatālavaṇṭamorahatthakavāḷabījanīuṇhīsapaṭṭāpi hi chattena saha tadā upaṭṭhitā ahesuṃ. Chattādīniyeva ca tadā paññāyiṃsu, na chattādigāhakā. <span class="bld">Sabbā ca disā</span>ti dasapi disā. Nayidaṃ sabbadisāvilokanaṃ sattapadavītihāruttarakālaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Mahāsatto hi manussānaṃ hatthato muccitvā puratthimadisaṃ olokesi, tattha devamanussā gandhamālādīhi pūjayamānā ‘‘mahāpurisa idha tumhehi sadisopi natthi, kuto uttaritaro’’ti āhaṃsu. Evaṃ catasso disā, catasso anudisā, heṭṭhā, uparīti sabbā disā anuviloketvā sabbattha attanā sadisaṃ adisvā ‘‘ayaṃ uttarā disā’’ti tattha sattapadavītihārena <a name="M1.0103"></a> agamāsi. <span class="bld">Āsabhi</span>nti uttamaṃ. <span class="bld">Aggo</span>ti sabbapaṭhamo. <span class="bld">Jeṭṭho seṭṭho</span>ti ca tasseva vevacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ayamantimā jāti, natthi dāni punabbhavo</span>ti imasmiṃ attabhāve pattabbaṃ arahattaṃ byākāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Anekesaṃ visesādhigamānaṃ pubbanimittabhāvenā’’</span>ti saṅkhittena vuttamatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yañhī’’</span>tiādinā vitthārato dasseti. Tattha <span class="bld">etthā</span>ti –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Anekasākhañca sahassamaṇḍalaṃ,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Chattaṃ marū dhārayumantalikkhe;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Suvaṇṇadaṇḍā vītipatanti cāmarā,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Na dissare cāmarachattagāhakā’’ti. (su. ni. 693);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Imissā gāthāya. Sabbaññutaññāṇameva sabbattha appaṭihatacāratāya anāvaraṇañāṇanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbaññutānāvaraṇañāṇapaṭilābhassā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">‘‘Tathā ayaṃ bhagavāpi gato…pe… pubbanimittabhāvenā’’</span>ti etena abhijātiyaṃ dhammatāvasena uppajjanavisesā <a name="P1.0133"></a> sabbabodhisattānaṃ sādhāraṇāti dasseti. Pāramitānissandā hi teti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vikkamī</span>ti agamāsi. <span class="bld">Marū</span>ti devā. <span class="bld">Samā</span>ti vilokanasamatāya samā sadisiyo. Mahāpuriso hi yathā ekaṃ disaṃ vilokesi, evaṃ sesā disāpi, na katthaci vilokane vibandho <a name="V1.0092"></a> tassa ahosīti. <span class="bld">Samā</span>ti vā viloketuṃ yuttāti attho. Na hi tadā bodhisattassa virūpabībhacchavisamarūpāni viloketuṃ ayuttāni disāsu upaṭṭhahantīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Evaṃ tathāgato’’ti kāyagamanaṭṭhena gata-saddena tathāgata-saddaṃ niddisitvā idāni ñāṇagamanaṭṭhena taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘atha vā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">nekkhammenā</span>ti alobhappadhānena kusalacittuppādena. Kusalā hi dhammā idha nekkhammaṃ, na pabbajjādayo, ‘‘paṭhamajjhānenā’’ti ca vadanti. <span class="bld">Pahāyā</span>ti pajahitvā. <span class="bld">Gato</span> adhigato, paṭipanno uttarivisesanti attho. <span class="bld">Pahāyā</span>ti vā pahānahetu, pahānalakkhaṇaṃ vā. Hetulakkhaṇattho hi ayaṃ pahāya-saddo. ‘‘Kāmacchandādippahānahetukaṃ gato’’ti hettha vuttaṃ gamanaṃ avabodho, paṭipatti eva vā. Kāmacchandādippahānena ca taṃ lakkhīyati. Esa nayo <span class="bld">‘‘padāletvā’’</span>tiādīsupi. <span class="bld">Abyāpādenā</span>ti mettāya. <span class="bld">Ālokasaññāyā</span>ti vibhūtaṃ katvā manasikaraṇena upaṭṭhitaālokasañjānanena<a name="M1.0104"></a>. <span class="bld">Avikkhepenā</span>ti samādhinā. <span class="bld">Dhammavavatthānenā</span>ti kusalādidhammānaṃ yāthāvavinicchayena, ‘‘sappaccayanāmarūpavavatthānenā’’tipi vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ kāmacchandādinīvaraṇappahānena ‘‘abhijjhaṃ loke pahāyā’’tiādinā (vibha. 508) vuttāya paṭhamajjhānassa pubbabhāgapaṭipadāya bhagavato tathāgatabhāvaṃ dassetvā idāni saha upāyena aṭṭhahi samāpattīhi, aṭṭhārasahi ca mahāvipassanāhi taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ñāṇenā’’</span>tiādimāha. Nāmarūpapariggahakaṅkhāvitaraṇānañhi vibandhabhūtassa mohassa dūrīkaraṇena ñātapariññāyaṃ <a name="P1.0134"></a> ṭhitassa aniccasaññādayo sijjhanti, tathā jhānasamāpattīsu abhiratinimittena pāmojjena, tattha anabhiratiyā vinoditāya jhānādi samadhigamoti samāpattivipassanānaṃ arativinodanaavijjāpadālanādi upāyo, uppaṭipāṭiniddeso pana nīvaraṇasabhāvāya avijjāya heṭṭhā nīvaraṇesupi saṅgahadassanatthanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Samāpattivihārappavesavibandhanena nīvaraṇāni kavāṭasadisānīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘nīvaraṇakavāṭaṃ ugghāṭetvā’’</span>ti. ‘‘Rattiṃ vitakketvā vicāretvā divā kammante payojetī’’ti vuttaṭṭhāne viya vitakkavicārā dhūmāyanāti adhippetāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vitakkavicāradhūma’’</span>nti. Kiñcāpi paṭhamajjhānūpacāreyeva ca dukkhaṃ, catutthajjhānūpacāreyeva sukhaṃ pahīyati, atisayappahānaṃ pana sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘catutthajjhānena sukhadukkhaṃ pahāyā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aniccassa, aniccanti anupassanā <span class="bld">aniccānupassanā,</span> tebhūmakadhammānaṃ aniccataṃ gahetvā pavattāya vipassanāyetaṃ nāmaṃ. <span class="bld">Niccasañña</span>nti saṅkhatadhamme ‘‘niccā, sassatā’’ti evaṃ pavattamicchāsaññaṃ<a name="V1.0093"></a>, saññāsīsena diṭṭhicittānampi gahaṇaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Esa nayo ito paresupi. <span class="bld">Nibbidānupassanāyā</span>ti saṅkhāresu nibbijjanākārena pavattāya anupassanāya. <span class="bld">Nandi</span>nti sappītikataṇhaṃ. Tathā <span class="bld">virāgānupassanāyā</span>ti virajjanākārena pavattāya anupassanāya. <span class="bld">Nirodhānupassanāyā</span>ti saṅkhārānaṃ nirodhassa anupassanāya. ‘‘Te saṅkhārā nirujjhantiyeva, āyatiṃ samudayavasena na uppajjantī’’ti evaṃ vā anupassanā <span class="bld">nirodhānupassanā</span>. Tenevāha ‘‘nirodhānupassanāya nirodheti, no samudetī’’ti. Muñcitukamyatā hi ayaṃ balappattāti. Paṭinissajjanākārena <a name="P1.0135"></a> pavattā anupassanā <span class="bld">paṭinissaggānupassanā</span><a name="M1.0105"></a>. Paṭisaṅkhā santiṭṭhanā hi ayaṃ. <span class="bld">Ādāna</span>nti niccādivasena gahaṇaṃ. Santatisamūhakiccārammaṇānaṃ vasena ekattaggahaṇaṃ <span class="bld">ghanasaññā. Āyūhanaṃ</span> abhisaṅkharaṇaṃ. Avatthāvisesāpatti <span class="bld">vipariṇāmo. Dhuvasañña</span>nti thirabhāvaggahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Nimitta</span>nti samūhādighanavasena, sakiccaparicchedatāya ca saṅkhārānaṃ saviggahaggahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṇidhi</span>nti rāgādipaṇidhiṃ, sā panatthato taṇhānaṃ vasena saṅkhāresu ninnatā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Abhinivesa</span>nti attānudiṭṭhiṃ. Aniccadukkhādivasena sabbadhammatīraṇaṃ <span class="bld">adhipaññādhammavipassanā. Sārādānābhinivesa</span>nti asāre sāraggahaṇavipallāsaṃ. ‘‘Issarakuttādivasena loko samuppanno’’ti abhiniveso <span class="bld">sammohābhiniveso.</span> Keci pana ‘‘ahosiṃ nu kho ahamatītamaddhānantiādinā pavattasaṃsayāpatti <span class="bld">sammohābhiniveso’’</span>ti vadanti. Saṅkhāresu leṇatāṇabhāvaggahaṇaṃ <span class="bld">ālayābhiniveso.</span> ‘‘Ālayaratā ālayasamuditā’’ti vacanato ālayo taṇhā, sāyeva cakkhādīsu rūpādīsu ca abhinivisanavasena pavattiyā <span class="bld">ālayābhiniveso</span>ti keci. ‘‘Evaṃvidhā saṅkhārā paṭinissajjīyantī’’ti pavattaṃ ñāṇaṃ <span class="bld">paṭisaṅkhānupassanā.</span> Vaṭṭato vigatattā vivaṭṭaṃ nibbānaṃ, tattha ārammaṇakaraṇasaṅkhātena anupassanena pavattiyā <span class="bld">vivaṭṭānupassanā</span> gotrabhu. <span class="bld">Saṃyogābhinivesa</span>nti saṃyujjanavasena saṅkhāresu abhinivisanaṃ. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhekaṭṭhe</span>ti diṭṭhiyā sahajātekaṭṭhe, pahānekaṭṭhe ca. <span class="bld">‘‘Oḷārike’’</span>ti uparimaggavajjhe kilese apekkhitvā <a name="P1.0136"></a> vuttaṃ, aññathā dassanapahātabbāpi dutiyamaggavajjhehi oḷārikāti. <span class="bld">Aṇusahagate</span>ti aṇubhūte, idaṃ heṭṭhimamaggavajjhe apekkhitvā vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbakilese</span>ti avasiṭṭhasabbakilese. Na hi paṭhamādimaggehi pahīnā kilesā puna pahīyantīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kakkhaḷattaṃ</span> kaṭhinabhāvo. <span class="bld">Paggharaṇaṃ</span> dravabhāvo. Lokiyavāyunā bhastassa viya yena taṃtaṃkalāpassa uddhumāyanaṃ, thambhabhāvo vā, taṃ <span class="bld">vitthambhanaṃ.</span> Vijjamānepi kalāpantarabhūtānaṃ kalāpantarabhūtehi asamphuṭṭhabhāve, taṃtaṃbhūtavivittatā rūpapariyanto ākāsoti yesaṃ yo paricchedo, tehi so asamphuṭṭhova, aññathā bhūtānaṃ paricchedasabhāvo na siyā byāpībhāvāpattito<a name="V1.0094"></a>. Abyāpitā hi asamphuṭṭhatāti. Yasmiṃ <a name="M1.0106"></a> kalāpe bhūtānaṃ paricchedo, tehi asamphuṭṭhabhāvo <span class="bld">asamphuṭṭhalakkhaṇaṃ.</span> Tenāha bhagavā ākāsadhātuniddese ‘‘asamphuṭṭhaṃ catūhi mahābhūtehī’’ti (dha. sa. 637).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Virodhipaccayasannipāte visadisuppatti <span class="bld">ruppanaṃ.</span> Cetanāpadhānattā saṅkhārakkhandhadhammānaṃ cetanāvasenetaṃ vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘saṅkhārānaṃ abhisaṅkharaṇalakkhaṇa’’</span>nti. Tathā hi suttantabhājanīye saṅkhārakkhandhavibhaṅge ‘‘cakkhusamphassajā cetanā’’tiādinā (vibha. 92) cetanāva vibhattā, abhisaṅkharaṇalakkhaṇā ca cetanā. Yathāha ‘‘tattha katamo puññābhisaṅkhāro? Kusalā cetanā kāmāvacarā’’tiādi <a name="P1.0137"></a> (vibha. 226). <span class="bld">Pharaṇaṃ</span> savipphārikatā. <span class="bld">Assaddhiye</span>ti assaddhiyahetu, nimittatthe bhummaṃ. Esa nayo <span class="bld">‘‘kosajje’’</span>tiādīsu. <span class="bld">Vūpasamalakkhaṇa</span>nti kāyacittapariḷāhūpasamalakkhaṇaṃ. Līnuddhaccarahite adhicitte pavattamāne paggahaniggahasampahaṃsanesu abyāvaṭatāya ajjhupekkhanaṃ <span class="bld">paṭisaṅkhānaṃ</span> pakkhapātupacchedato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Musāvādādīnaṃ visaṃvādanādikiccatāya lūkhānaṃ apariggāhakānaṃ paṭipakkhabhāvato pariggāhikā sammāvācā siniddhabhāvato sampayuttadhamme, sammāvācāpaccayasubhāsitānaṃ sotārañca puggalaṃ pariggaṇhātīti sā pariggahalakkhaṇā sammāvācā. Kāyikakiriyā kiñci kattabbaṃ samuṭṭhāpeti. Sayañca samuṭṭhahanaṃ ghaṭanaṃ hotīti sammākammantasaṅkhātā virati samuṭṭhānalakkhaṇā daṭṭhabbā, sampayuttadhammānaṃ vā ukkhipanaṃ samuṭṭhāpanaṃ kāyikakiriyāya bhārukkhipanaṃ viya. Jīvamānassa sattassa, sampayuttadhammānaṃ vā jīvitindriyavuttiyā, ājīvasseva vā suddhi <span class="bld">vodānaṃ.</span> Sasampayuttadhammassa cittassa saṃkilesapakkhe patituṃ adatvā sammadeva paggaṇhanaṃ <span class="bld">paggaho.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Saṅkhārā’’ti idha cetanā adhippetāti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘saṅkhārānaṃ cetanālakkhaṇa’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Namanaṃ</span> ārammaṇābhimukhabhāvo. <span class="bld">Āyatanaṃ</span>pavattanaṃ. Āyatanānaṃ vasena hi āyasaṅkhātānaṃ cittacetasikānaṃ pavatti. <span class="bld">Taṇhāya hetulakkhaṇa</span>nti vaṭṭassa janakahetubhāvo, maggassa pana nibbānasampāpakattanti ayameva tesaṃ viseso.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tathalakkhaṇaṃ</span> <a name="M1.0107"></a> aviparītasabhāvo. <span class="bld">Ekaraso</span> aññamaññānativattanaṃ anūnādhikabhāvo. <span class="bld">Yuganaddhā</span> samathavipassanāva, ‘‘saddhāpaññā paggahāvikkhepā’’tipi vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Khiṇoti <a name="V1.0095"></a> kileseti <span class="bld">khayo,</span> maggo. Anuppādapariyosānatāya <span class="bld">anuppādo,</span> phalaṃ. <span class="bld">Passaddhi</span> kilesavūpasamo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Chandassā</span>ti <a name="P1.0138"></a> kattukamyatāchandassa. <span class="bld">Mūlalakkhaṇaṃ</span> patiṭṭhābhāvo. <span class="bld">Samuṭṭhāpanalakkhaṇaṃ</span> ārammaṇapaṭipādakatāya sampayuttadhammānaṃ uppattihetutā. <span class="bld">Samodhānaṃ</span> visayādisannipātena gahetabbākāro, yā ‘‘saṅgatī’’ti vuccati. Samaṃ saha odahanti anena sampayuttadhammāti vā <span class="bld">samodhānaṃ,</span> phasso. Samosaranti sannipatanti etthāti <span class="bld">samosaraṇaṃ.</span> Vedanāya vinā appavattamānā sampayuttadhammā vedanānubhavananimittaṃ samosaṭā viya hontīti evaṃ vuttaṃ. Gopānasīnaṃ kūṭaṃ viya sampayuttānaṃ pāmokkhabhāvo <span class="bld">pamukhalakkhaṇaṃ.</span> Tato, tesaṃ vā sampayuttadhammānaṃ uttari padhānanti <span class="bld">taduttari.</span> Paññuttarā hi kusalā dhammā. <span class="bld">Vimuttiyā</span>ti phalassa. Tañhi sīlādiguṇasārassa paramukkaṃsabhāvena sāraṃ. Ayañca lakkhaṇavibhāgo chadhātupañcajhānaṅgādivasena taṃtaṃsuttapadānusārena, porāṇaṭṭhakathāya āgatanayena ca katoti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Tathā hi vuttopi koci dhammo pariyāyantarappakāsanatthaṃ puna dassito, tato eva ca ‘‘chandamūlakā kusalā dhammā manasikārasamuṭṭhānā, phassasamodhānā, vedanāsamosaraṇā’’ti, ‘‘paññuttarā kusalā dhammā’’ti, ‘‘vimuttisāramidaṃ brahmacariya’’nti, ‘‘nibbānogadhañhi āvuso brahmacariyaṃ nibbānapariyosāna’’nti ca suttapadānaṃ vasena <span class="bld">‘‘chandassa mūlalakkhaṇa’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tathadhammā</span> <a name="P1.0139"></a> <span class="bld">nāma cattāri ariyasaccāni</span> aviparītasabhāvattā. <span class="bld">Tathāni</span> taṃsabhāvattā. <span class="bld">Avitathāni</span> amusāsabhāvattā. <span class="bld">Anaññathāni</span> aññākārarahitattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Jātipaccayasambhūtasamudāgataṭṭho</span>ti jātipaccayā sambhūtaṃ hutvā sahitassa attano paccayānurūpassa uddhaṃ uddhaṃ āgatabhāvo, anupavattatthoti attho. Atha vā sambhūtaṭṭho ca samudāgataṭṭho ca sambhūtasamudāgataṭṭho, na jātito jarāmaraṇaṃ na hoti, na ca jātiṃ vinā aññato hotīti jātipaccayasambhūtaṭṭho. Itthañca jātito samudāgacchatīti <a name="M1.0108"></a> jātipaccayasamudāgataṭṭho. Yā yā jāti yathā yathā paccayo hoti, tadanurūpaṃ pātubhāvoti attho. <span class="bld">Avijjāya saṅkhārānaṃ paccayaṭṭho</span>ti etthāpi na avijjā saṅkhārānaṃ paccayo na hoti, na ca avijjaṃ vinā saṅkhārā uppajjanti. Yā yā avijjā yesaṃ yesaṃ saṅkhārānaṃ yathā yathā paccayo hoti, ayaṃ avijjāya saṅkhārānaṃ paccayaṭṭho, paccayabhāvoti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bhagavā <a name="V1.0096"></a> taṃ jānāti passatīti sambandho. <span class="bld">Tenā</span>ti bhagavatā. Taṃ vibhajjamānanti yojetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti rūpāyatanaṃ. <span class="bld">Iṭṭhāniṭṭhādī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena majjhattaṃ saṅgaṇhāti, tathā atītānāgatapaccuppannaparittaajjhattabahiddhātadubhayādibhedaṃ. <span class="bld">Labbhamānakapadavasenā</span>ti ‘‘rūpāyatanaṃ diṭṭhaṃ saddāyatanaṃ sutaṃ gandhāyatanaṃ rasāyatanaṃ phoṭṭhabbāyatanaṃ mutaṃ, sabbaṃ rūpaṃ manasā viññāta’’nti (dha. sa. 966) vacanato diṭṭhapadañca viññātapadañca rūpārammaṇe labbhati. ‘‘Rūpārammaṇaṃ iṭṭhaṃ aniṭṭhaṃ majjhattaṃ parittaṃ atītaṃ anāgataṃ paccuppannaṃ ajjhattaṃ bahiddhā diṭṭhaṃ viññātaṃ rūpaṃ rūpāyatanaṃ rūpadhātu vaṇṇanibhā sanidassanaṃ sappaṭighaṃ nīlaṃ pītaka’’nti evamādīhi <span class="bld">anekehi nāmehi. ‘‘Terasahi vārehī’’</span>ti rūpakaṇḍe (dha. sa. 614 ādayo) āgate terasa niddesavāre sandhāyāha. Ekekasmiñca vāre catunnaṃ catunnaṃ vavatthāpananayānaṃ vasena <span class="bld">‘‘dvipaññāsāya</span> <a name="P1.0140"></a> <span class="bld">nayehī’’</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Tathameva</span> aviparītadassitāya, appaṭivattiyadesanatāya ca. <span class="bld">Jānāmi abbhaññāsi</span>nti vattamānātītakālesu ñāṇappavattidassanena anāgatepi ñāṇappavatti vuttāyevāti daṭṭhabbā. <span class="bld">Vidita</span>-saddo anāmaṭṭhakālaviseso veditabbo, ‘‘diṭṭhaṃ sutaṃ muta’’ntiādīsu (dha. sa. 966) viya. <span class="bld">Na upaṭṭhāsī</span>ti attattaniyavasena na upagacchi. Yathā rūpārammaṇādayo dhammā yaṃsabhāvā yaṃpakārā ca, tathā ne passati jānāti gacchatīti <span class="bld">tathāgato</span>ti evaṃ padasambhavo veditabbo. Keci pana ‘‘niruttinayena pisodarādipakkhepena vā dassī-saddassa lopaṃ, āgata-saddassa cāgamaṃ katvā <span class="bld">tathāgato’’</span>ti vaṇṇenti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Niddosatāya <span class="bld">anupavajjaṃ.</span> Pakkhipitabbābhāvena <span class="bld">anūnaṃ. </span> Apanetabbābhāvena <span class="bld">anadhikaṃ.</span> Atthabyañjanādisampattiyā <span class="bld">sabbākāraparipuṇṇaṃ. No aññathā</span>ti ‘‘tathevā’’ti vuttamevatthaṃ byatirekena sampādeti. Tena yadatthaṃ <a name="M1.0109"></a> bhāsitaṃ, ekantena tadatthanipphādanato yathā bhāsitaṃ bhagavatā, tathevāti aviparītadesanataṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">‘‘Gadattho’’</span>ti etena tathaṃ gadatīti tathāgatoti <span class="bld">da</span>-kārassa <span class="bld">ta</span>-kāro kato niruttinayenāti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā gatamassāti <span class="bld">tathāgato,</span> gatanti ca kāyassa vācāya vā pavattīti attho. <span class="bld">Tathā</span>ti ca vutte <span class="bld">yaṃtaṃ</span>-saddānaṃ abyabhicārisambandhitāya ‘‘yathā’’ti ayamattho upaṭṭhitoyeva hoti. Kāyavacīkiriyānañca aññamaññānulomena vacanicchāyaṃ, kāyassa vācā, vācāya ca kāyo sambandhībhāvena upatiṭṭhatīti imamatthaṃ dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘bhagavato hī’’</span>tiādi. Imasmiṃ pana atthe tathāvāditāya <span class="bld">tathāgato</span>ti ayampi attho siddho hoti. So pana pubbe pakārantarena dassitoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ tathākāritāya tathāgato’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Tiriyaṃ</span> <a name="V1.0097"></a> <span class="bld">aparimāṇāsu lokadhātūsū’’</span>ti etena yadeke ‘‘tiriyaṃ <a name="P1.0141"></a> viya upari adho ca santi lokadhātuyo’’ti vadanti, taṃ paṭisedheti. Desanāvilāsoyeva <span class="bld">desanāvilāsamayo</span> yathā ‘‘puññamayaṃ, dānamaya’’ntiādīsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Upasagganipātānaṃ vācakasaddasannidhāne tadatthajotanabhāvena pavattanato gata-saddoyeva avagatatthaṃ atītatthañca vadatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘gatoti avagato atīto’’</span>ti. Atha vā abhinīhārato paṭṭhāya yāva sambodhi, etthantare mahābodhiyānapaṭipattiyā hānaṭhānasaṃkilesanivattīnaṃ abhāvato yathā paṇidhānaṃ, tathā gato abhinīhārānurūpaṃ paṭipannoti <span class="bld">tathāgato.</span> Atha vā mahiddhikatāya, paṭisambhidānaṃ ukkaṃsādhigamena anāvaraṇatāya ca katthaci paṭighātābhāvato yathā ruci, tathā kāyavacīcittānaṃ gatāni gamanāni pavattiyo etassāti <span class="bld">tathāgato.</span> Yasmā ca loke vidhayuttagatapakāra-saddā samānatthā dissanti, tasmā yathā vidhā vipassīādayo bhagavanto, ayampi bhagavā tathā vidhoti <span class="bld">tathāgato. </span> Yathā yuttā ca te bhagavanto ayampi bhagavā tathā yuttoti <span class="bld">tathāgato.</span> Atha vā yasmā saccaṃ tacchaṃ tathanti ñāṇassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ, tasmā tathena ñāṇena āgatoti <span class="bld">tathāgato</span>ti. Evampi tathāgata-saddassa attho veditabbo –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Pahāya <a name="M1.0110"></a> kāmādimale yathā gatā,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Samādhiñāṇehi vipassiādayo;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Mahesino sakyamunī jutindharo,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tathāgato tena <span class="bld">tathāgato</span> mato.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Tathañca dhātāyatanādilakkhaṇaṃ,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Sabhāvasāmaññavibhāgabhedato;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Sayambhuñāṇena jino samāgato,</p>
<p class="gathalast"><span class="bld">Tathāgato</span> vuccati sakyapuṅgavo.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Tathāni <a name="P1.0142"></a> saccāni samantacakkhunā,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Tathā idappaccayatā ca sabbaso;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Anaññaneyyena yato vibhāvitā,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Yāthāvato tena jino <span class="bld">tathāgato.</span></p>
<p class="gatha1">Anekabhedāsupi <a name="V1.0098"></a> lokadhātusu,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Jinassa rūpāyatanādigocare;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Vicittabhedaṃ tathameva dassanaṃ,</p>
<p class="gathalast"><span class="bld">Tathāgato</span> tena samantalocano.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Yato ca dhammaṃ tathameva bhāsati,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Karoti vācāyanuloma mattano;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Guṇehi lokaṃ abhibhuyya iriyati,</p>
<p class="gathalast"><span class="bld">Tathāgato</span> tenapi lokanāyako.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Yathābhinīhāramato yathāruci,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Pavattavācātanucittabhāvato;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Yathāvidhā yena purā mahesino,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tathāvidho tena jino <span class="bld">tathāgato’’</span>ti. (itivu. aṭṭha. 38);</p>
<p class="unindented">Saṅgahagāthā mukhamattameva. Kasmā? Appamādapadaṃ viya sakaladhammapaṭipattiyā sabbabuddhaguṇānaṃ saṅgāhakattā. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbākārenā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Taṃ</span> <a name="M1.0111"></a> <span class="bld">katamanti pucchatī’’</span>ti etena ‘‘katamañca taṃ bhikkhave’’tiādivacanassa sāmaññato pucchābhāvo dassito avisesato hi tassa pucchāvisesabhāvañāpanatthaṃ mahāniddese āgatā sabbāva pucchā atthuddhāranayena dasseti <span class="bld">‘‘tattha pucchā nāmā’’</span>tiādinā. Tattha <span class="bld">tatthā</span>ti ‘‘taṃ katamanti pucchatī’’ti ettha yadetaṃ sāmaññato pucchāvacanaṃ, tasmiṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Lakkhaṇa</span>nti ñātuṃ icchito yo koci sabhāvo. <span class="bld">‘‘Aññāta’’</span>nti yena kenaci ñāṇena aññātabhāvamāha, <span class="bld">‘‘adiṭṭha’’</span>nti dassanabhūtena ñāṇena paccakkhaṃ viya adiṭṭhataṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Atulita’’</span>nti <a name="P1.0143"></a> ‘‘ettakameta’’nti tulanabhūtena atūlitataṃ, <span class="bld">‘‘atīrita’’</span>nti tīraṇabhūtena akatañāṇakiriyāsamāpanataṃ, <span class="bld">‘‘avibhūta’’</span>nti ñāṇassa apākaṭabhāvaṃ, <span class="bld">‘‘avibhāvita’’</span>nti ñāṇena apākaṭīkatabhāvaṃ. Adiṭṭhaṃ jotīyati etāyāti <span class="bld">adiṭṭhajotanā.</span> Diṭṭhaṃ saṃsandīyati etāyāti <span class="bld">diṭṭhasaṃsandanā,</span> sākacchāvasena vinicchayakaraṇaṃ. Vimati chijjati etāyāti <span class="bld">vimaticchedanā.</span> Anumatiyā pucchā <span class="bld">anumatipucchā</span>. ‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññatha bhikkhave’’tiādi pucchāya <a name="V1.0099"></a> hi ‘‘kā tumhākaṃ anumatī’’ti anumati pucchitā hoti. <span class="bld">Kathetukamyatā</span>ti kathetukamyatāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para8"></a><a name="para8_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">8</span>. Saraseneva patanasabhāvassa antarā eva atīva pātanaṃ <span class="bld">atipāto,</span> saṇikaṃ patituṃ adatvā sīghaṃ pātananti attho. Atikkamma vā satthādīhi abhibhavitvā pātanaṃ <span class="bld">atipāto. Satto</span>ti khandhasantāno. Tattha hi sattapaññatti. <span class="bld">Jīvitindriya</span>nti rūpārūpajīvitindriyaṃ. Rūpajīvitindriye hi vikopite itarampi taṃsambandhatāya vinassati. Kasmā panettha ‘‘pāṇassa atipāto, pāṇoti cettha vohārato satto’’ti ca ekavacananiddeso kato, nanu niravasesānaṃ pāṇānaṃ atipātato virati idha adhippetā. Tathā hi vakkhati ‘‘sabbapāṇabhūtahitānukampīti sabbe pāṇabhūte’’tiādinā (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 1.cūḷasīlavaṇṇanā) bahuvacananiddesanti? Saccametaṃ, pāṇabhāvasāmaññavasena panettha ekavacananiddeso kato, sabbasaddasannidhānena tattha puthuttaṃ viññāyamānamevāti sāmaññaniddesaṃ akatvā bhedavacanicchāvasena bahuvacananiddeso katoti<a name="M1.0112"></a>. Kiñca bhiyyosāmaññato saṃvarasamādānaṃ, tabbisesato saṃvarabhedoti imassa visesassa ñāpanatthaṃ ayaṃ vacanabhedo katoti veditabbo. Yāya cetanāya vattamānassa jīvitindriyassa nissayabhūtesu mahābhūtesu <a name="P1.0144"></a> upakkamakaraṇahetu taṃ mahābhūtappaccayā uppajjanakamahābhūtā nuppajjissanti, sā tādisappayogasamuṭṭhāpikā cetanā pāṇātipāto. Laddhupakkamāni hi bhūtāni itarabhūtāni viya na visadānīti samānajātiyānaṃ kāraṇaṃ na hontīti. <span class="bld">‘‘Kāyavacīdvārāna’’</span>nti etena manodvāre pavattāya vadhakacetanāya pāṇātipātabhāvaṃ paṭikkhipati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Payogavatthumahantatādīhi mahāsāvajjatā tehi paccayehi uppajjamānāya cetanāya balavabhāvato veditabbā. Yathādhippetassa hi payogassa sahasā nipphādanavasena kiccasādhikāya bahukkhattuṃ pavattajavanehi laddhāsevanāya ca sanniṭṭhāpakacetanāya vasena payogassa mahantabhāvo. Satipi kadāci khuddake ceva mahante ca pāṇe payogassa samabhāve mahantaṃ hanantassa cetanā tibbatarā uppajjatīti vatthussa mahantabhāvo. Iti ubhayaṃ petaṃ cetanāya balavabhāveneva hoti. Tathā hi hantabbassa mahāguṇabhāvena tattha pavattaupakāracetanā viya khettavisesanibbattiyā apakāracetanāpi balavatī, tibbatarā ca uppajjatīti tassā mahāsāvajjatā daṭṭhabbā. Tasmā payogavatthuādipaccayānaṃ amahattepi mahāguṇatādipaccayehi cetanāya balavabhāvādivaseneva mahāsāvajjabhāvo veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sambharīyanti <a name="V1.0100"></a> etehīti <span class="bld">sambhārā,</span> aṅgāni. Tesu pāṇasaññitāvadhakacittāni pubbabhāgiyānipi honti. <span class="bld">Upakkamo</span> vadhakacetanāsamuṭṭhāpito. Pañcasambhāravatī pāṇātipātacetanāti sā pañcasambhāravinimuttā daṭṭhabbā. <span class="bld">Vijjāmayo</span> mantaparijappanapayogo āthabbaṇikādīnaṃ viya. <span class="bld">Iddhimayo</span> kammavipākajiddhimayo dāṭhākoṭakādīnaṃ viya. <span class="bld">Ativiya papañco</span>ti atimahāvitthāro.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Etthāha – khaṇe khaṇe nirujjhanasabhāvesu saṅkhāresu ko hanti, ko vā haññati, yadi cittacetasikasantāno, so arūpatāya na chedanabhedanādivasena <a name="M1.0113"></a> vikopanasamattho, nāpi <a name="P1.0145"></a> vikopanīyo, atha rūpasantāno, so acetanatāya kaṭṭhakaliṅgarūpamoti na tattha chedanādinā pāṇātipāto labbhati yathā matasarīre, payogopi pāṇātipātassa paharaṇappakārādi atītesu vā saṅkhāresu bhaveyya anāgatesu vā paccuppannesu vā, tattha na tāva atītānāgatesu sambhavati tesaṃ abhāvato, paccuppannesu ca saṅkhārānaṃ khaṇikattā saraseneva nirujjhanasabhāvatāya vināsābhimukhesu nippayojano payogo siyā, vināsassa ca kāraṇarahitattā na paharaṇappakārādipayogahetukaṃ maraṇaṃ, nirīhakatāya ca saṅkhārānaṃ kassa so payogo, khaṇikattā vadhādhippāyasamakālabhijjanakassa kiriyāpariyosānakālānavaṭṭhānato kassa vā pāṇātipātakammabaddhoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vuccate – yathāvuttavadhakacetanāsahito saṅkhārānaṃ puñjo sattasaṅkhāto hantā, tena pavattitavadhakapayoganimittaṃ apagatusmāviññāṇajīvitindriyo matavohārappavattinibandho yathāvuttavadhappayogākaraṇe uppajjanāraho rūpārūpadhammasamūho haññati, kevalo vā cittacetasikasantāno. Vadhappayogāvisayabhāvepi tassa pañcavokārabhave rūpasantānādhīnavuttitāya rūpasantāne parena payojitajīvitindriyupacchedakapayogavasena tannibbattivibandhakavisadisarūpuppattiyā vihate vicchedo hotīti na pāṇātipātassa asambhavo, nāpi ahetuko pāṇātipāto, na ca payogo nippayojano paccuppannesu saṅkhāresu katapayogavasena tadanantaraṃ uppajjanārahassa saṅkhārakalāpassa tathā anuppattito, khaṇikānaṃ saṅkhārānaṃ khaṇikamaraṇassa idha maraṇabhāvena anadhippetattā, santatimaraṇassa ca yathāvuttanayena sahetukabhāvato na ahetukaṃ maraṇaṃ, na ca katturahito pāṇātipātappayogo nirīhakesupi saṅkhāresu sannihitatāmattena upakārakesu attano anurūpaphaluppādananiyatesu <a name="P1.0146"></a> kāraṇesu kattuvohārasiddhito yathā ‘‘padīpo pakāseti nisākaro candimā’’ti ca, na ca kevalassa vadhādhippāyasahabhuno cittacetasikakalāpassa pāṇātipāto icchito santānavasena avaṭṭhitasseva paṭijānanato, santānavasena <a name="V1.0101"></a> pavattamānānañca padīpādīnaṃ atthakiriyāsiddhi dissatīti attheva pāṇātipātena kammabaddho. Ayañca vicāro adinnādānādīsupi yathāsambhavaṃ vibhāvetabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Pahīnakālato</span> <a name="M1.0114"></a> <span class="bld">paṭṭhāya viratovā’’</span>ti etena pahānahetukā idhādhippetā samucchedaviratīti dasseti. Kammakkhayañāṇena hi pāṇātipātadussīlyassa pahīnattā bhagavā accantameva tato paṭiviratoti vuccati samucchedavasena pahānaviratīnaṃ adhippetattā. Kiñcāpi pahānaviramaṇānaṃ purimapacchimakālatā natthi, maggadhammānaṃ pana sammādiṭṭhiādīnaṃ sammāvācādīnañca paccayapaccayuppannabhāve apekkhite sahajātānampi paccayapaccayuppannabhāvena gahaṇaṃ purimapacchimabhāveneva hotīti gahaṇappavattiākāravasena paccayabhūtesu sammādiṭṭhiādīsu pahāyakadhammesu pahānakiriyāya purimakālavohāro, paccayuppannāsu ca viratīsu viramaṇakiriyāya aparakālavohāro ca hotīti evamettha attho daṭṭhabbo. Pahānaṃ vā samucchedavasena, virati paṭippassaddhivasena yojetabbā. Atha vā pāṇo atipātīyati etenāti <span class="bld">pāṇātipāto,</span> pāṇaghātahetubhūto dhammasamūho. Ko paneso? Ahirikānottappadosamohavihiṃsādayo kilesā. Te hi bhagavā ariyamaggena pahāya samugghāṭetvā pāṇātipātadussīlyato accantameva paṭiviratoti vuccati kilesesu pahīnesu kilesanimittassa kammassa anuppajjanato. ‘‘Adinnādānaṃ pahāyā’’tiādīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Viratovā</span>ti avadhāraṇena tassā viratiyā kālādivasena apariyantataṃ dasseti. Yathā hi aññe samādinnaviratikāpi <a name="P1.0147"></a> anavaṭṭhitacittatāya lābhajīvitādihetu samādānaṃ bhindanti, na evaṃ bhagavā. Bhagavā pana sabbaso pahīnapāṇātipātattā accantavirato evāti. <span class="bld">Vītikkamissāmī</span>ti anavajjadhammehi vokiṇṇā antarantarā uppajjanakā dubbalākusalā. Yasmā pana kāyavacīpayogaṃ upalabhitvā ‘‘imassa kilesā uppannā’’ti viññunā sakkā ñātuṃ, tasmā te iminā pariyāyena <span class="bld">‘‘cakkhusotaviññeyyā’’</span>ti vuttāti daṭṭhabbā. <span class="bld">Kāyikā</span>ti pāṇātipātādinipphādake balavākusale sandhāyāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Gottavasena laddhavohāroti sambandho. <span class="bld">Dīpetuṃ vaṭṭati</span> brahmadattena bhāsitavaṇṇassa anusandhidassanavasena imissā desanāya āraddhattā. Tatthāyaṃ dīpanā – ‘‘pāṇātipātaṃ pahāya pāṇātipātā paṭivirato samaṇassa gotamassa sāvakasaṅgho nihitadaṇḍo nihitasattho’’ti vitthāretabbaṃ. Nanu ca dhammassāpi vaṇṇo <a name="M1.0115"></a> brahmadattena bhāsito? Saccaṃ bhāsito, so pana sammāsambuddhapabhavattā, ariyasaṅghādhārattā ca dhammassa dhammānubhāvasiddhattā ca tesaṃ tadubhayadīpaneneva dīpito hotīti visuṃ na uddhaṭo. Saddhammānubhāveneva hi bhagavā bhikkhusaṅgho <a name="V1.0102"></a> ca pāṇātipātādippahānasamattho ahosi, desanā pana ādito paṭṭhāya evaṃ āgatāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Etthāyaṃ adhippāyo – ‘‘atthi bhikkhave aññe ca dhammā’’tiādinā anaññasādhāraṇe buddhaguṇe ārabbha upari desanaṃ vaḍḍhetukāmo bhagavā ādito paṭṭhāya ‘‘tathāgatassa vaṇṇaṃ vadamāno vadeyyā’’tiādinā buddhaguṇavaseneva desanaṃ ārabhi, na bhikkhusaṅghavasenāti. Esā hi bhagavato desanāya pakati, yaṃ ekaraseneva desanaṃ dassetuṃ labbhamānassāpi kassaci aggahaṇaṃ. Tathā hi rūpakaṇḍe dukādīsu tanniddesesu ca hadayavatthu na gahitaṃ. Itaravatthūhi asamānagatikattā desanābhedo hotīti. Yathā hi <a name="P1.0148"></a> cakkhuviññāṇādīni ekantato cakkhādinissayāni, na evaṃ manoviññāṇaṃ ekantena hadayavatthunissayaṃ, nissitavasena ca vatthudukādidesanā pavattā ‘‘atthi rūpaṃ cakkhuviññāṇassa vatthu, atthi rūpaṃ na cakkhuviññāṇassa vatthū’’tiādinā. Yampi ekantato hadayavatthunissayaṃ, tassa vasena ‘‘atthi rūpaṃ manoviññāṇassa vatthū’’tiādinā dukādīsu vuccamānesupi na tadanurūpā ārammaṇadukādayo sambhavanti. Na hi ‘‘atthi rūpaṃ manoviññāṇassa ārammaṇaṃ, atthi rūpaṃ na manoviññāṇassa ārammaṇa’’nti sakkā vattunti vatthārammaṇadukā bhinnagatikā siyunti na ekarasā desanā bhaveyyāti. Tathā nikkhepakaṇḍe cittuppādavibhāgena avuccamānattā avitakkaavicārapadavissajjane ‘‘vicāro cā’’ti vattuṃ na sakkāti avitakkavicāramattapadavissajjane labbhamānopi vitakko na uddhaṭo, aññathā ‘‘vitakko cā’’ti vattabbaṃ siyā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Daṇḍanasaṅkhātassa daṇḍassa paraviheṭhanassa vivajjitabhāvadīpanatthaṃ daṇḍasatthānaṃ nikkhepavacananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘parūpaghātatthāyā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Viheṭhanabhāvato</span>ti vihiṃsanabhāvato. ‘‘Bhikkhusaṅghavasenāpi dīpetuṃ vaṭṭatī’’ti vuttattā tampi ekadesena dīpento <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ pana bhikkhū’’</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Lajjī</span>ti <a name="M1.0116"></a> ettha vuttalajjāya ottappampi vuttamevāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Na hi pāpajigucchanaṃ pāputtāsanarahitaṃ, pāpabhayaṃ vā alajjanaṃ atthīti. Dhammagarutāya vā buddhānaṃ, dhammassa ca attādhīnattā attādhipatibhūtā lajjāva vuttā, na pana lokādhipati ottappaṃ. ‘‘Dayaṃ mettacittataṃ āpanno’’ti kasmā vuttaṃ, nanu dayā-saddo ‘‘dayāpanno’’tiādīsu karuṇāya pavattatīti? Saccametaṃ<a name="P1.0149"></a>, ayaṃ pana dayā-saddo anurakkhaṇamatthaṃ antonītaṃ katvā pavattamāno mettāya <a name="V1.0103"></a> karuṇāya ca pavattatīti idha mettāya pavattamāno vutto. Midati siniyhatīti mettā, mettā etassa atthīti mettaṃ, mettaṃ cittaṃ etassāti mettacitto, tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">mettacittatā,</span> mettā icceva attho. <span class="bld">‘‘Sabbapāṇabhūtahitānukampī’’</span>ti etena tassā viratiyā sattavasena apariyantataṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Pāṇabhūte</span>ti pāṇajāte. <span class="bld">Anukampako</span>ti karuṇāyanako. Yasmā pana mettā karuṇāya visesapaccayo hoti, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tāya eva dayāpannatāyā’’</span>ti. Evaṃ yehi dhammehi pāṇātipātā virati sampajjati, tehi lajjāmettākaruṇāhi samaṅgībhāvo dassito. <span class="bld">Viharatī</span>ti evaṃbhūto hutvā ekasmiṃ iriyāpathe uppannaṃ dukkhaṃ aññena iriyāpathena vicchinditvā harati pavatteti, attabhāvaṃ vā yāpetīti attho. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘iriyati yapeti yāpeti pāletī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ācārasīlamattaka</span>nti sādhujanācārasīlamattakaṃ, tena indriyasaṃvarādiguṇehipi lokiyaputhujjano tathāgatassa vaṇṇaṃ vattuṃ na sakkotīti dasseti. Tathā hi indriyasaṃvarapaccayaparibhogasīlāni idha sīlakathāyaṃ na vibhattāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Parasaṃharaṇa</span>nti parassa santakaharaṇaṃ. Theno vuccati coro, tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">theyyaṃ.</span> Idhāpi khuddake parasantake appasāvajjaṃ, mahante mahāsāvajjaṃ. Kasmā? Payogamahantatāya, vatthuguṇānaṃ pana samabhāve sati kilesānaṃ upakkamānañca mudutāya appasāvajjaṃ, tibbatāya mahāsāvajjanti ayampi nayo yojetabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sāhatthikādayo</span>ti ettha mantaparijappanena parasantakaharaṇaṃ vijjāmayo, vinā mantena kāyavacīpayogena parasantakassa ākaḍḍhanaṃ tādisaiddhānubhāvena iddhimayo payogo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sesa</span>nti <a name="M1.0117"></a> ‘‘pahāya paṭivirato’’ti evamādikaṃ. Tañhi pubbe vuttanayaṃ. Kiñcāpi nayidha sikkhāpadavohārena virati vuttā, ito aññesu pana suttapadesesu vinayābhidhammesu ca pavattavohārena viratiyo cetanā ca adhisīlasikkhādīnaṃ adhiṭṭhānabhāvato, tesu aññatarakoṭṭhāsabhāvato <a name="P1.0150"></a> ca sikkhāpadanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘paṭhamasikkhāpade’’</span>ti. Kāmañcettha ‘‘lajjī dayāpanno’’ti na vuttaṃ, adhikāravasena pana atthato vā vuttamevāti veditabbaṃ. Yathā hi lajjādayo pāṇātipātappahānassa visesappaccayo, evaṃ adinnādānappahānassāpīti, tasmā sāpi pāḷi ānetvā vattabbā. Eseva nayo ito paresupi. Atha vā ‘‘sucibhūtenā’’ti etena <a name="V1.0104"></a> hirottappādīhi samannāgamo, ahirikādīnañca pahānaṃ vuttamevāti ‘‘lajjī’’tiādi na vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aseṭṭhacariya</span>nti aseṭṭhānaṃ hīnānaṃ, aseṭṭhaṃ vā lāmakaṃ nihīnaṃ vuttiṃ, methunanti attho. <span class="bld">‘‘Brahmaṃ seṭṭhaṃ ācāra’’</span>nti methunaviratimāha. <span class="bld">‘‘Ārācārī methunā’’</span>ti etena ‘‘idha brāhmaṇa ekacco…pe… na heva kho mātugāmena saddhiṃ dvayaṃdvayasamāpattiṃ samāpajjati, apica kho mātugāmassa ucchādanaparimaddananhāpanasambāhanaṃ sādiyati, so taṃ assādeti, taṃ nikāmeti, tena ca vittiṃ āpajjatī’’tiādinā (a. ni. 7.50) vuttā sattavidhamethunasaṃyogāpi paṭivirati dassitāti daṭṭhabbā. Idhāpi asaddhammasevanādhippāyena kāyadvārappavattā maggenamaggapaṭipattisamuṭṭhāpikā cetanā abrahmacariyaṃ, micchācāre pana agamanīyaṭṭhānavītikkamacetanāti yojetabbaṃ. Tattha agamanīyaṭṭhānaṃ nāma purisānaṃ māturakkhitādayo dasa, dhanakkītādayo dasāti vīsati itthiyo. Itthīsu pana dasannaṃ dhanakkitādīnaṃ sārakkhasaparidaṇḍānañca vasena dvādasannaṃ aññe purisā. Guṇavirahite vippaṭipatti appasāvajjā, mahāguṇe mahāsāvajjā. Guṇarahitepi ca abhibhavitvā pavatti mahāsāvajjā, ubhinnaṃ samānacchandabhāvepi kilesānaṃ upakkamānañca mudutāya appasāvajjā, tibbatāya mahāsāvajjāti <a name="P1.0151"></a> veditabbā. Tassa dve sambhārā sevetukāmatācittaṃ, maggenamaggapaṭipattīti. Micchācāre pana agamanīyaṭṭhānatā, sevanācittaṃ maggenamaggapaṭipatti, sādiyanañcāti cattāro. ‘‘Abhibhavitvā vītikkamane maggenamaggapaṭipattiadhivāsane satipi purimuppannasevanābhisandhipayogābhāvato <a name="M1.0118"></a> abhibhuyyamānassa micchācāro na hotī’’ti vadanti. Sevanācitte sati payogābhāvo na pamāṇaṃ itthiyā sevanāpayogassa yebhuyyena abhāvato, itthiyā puretaraṃ upaṭṭhāpitasevanācittāyapi micchācāro na siyāti āpajjati payogābhāvato. Tasmā purisassa vasena ukkaṃsato cattāro vuttāti daṭṭhabbaṃ, aññathā itthiyā purisakiccakaraṇakāle purisassapi sevanāpayogābhāvato micchācāro na siyāti eke. Idaṃ panettha sanniṭṭhānaṃ – attano ruciyā pavattitassa tayo, balakkārena pavattitassa tayo, anavasesaggahaṇena pana cattāroti. Eko payogo sāhatthikova.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para9"></a><a name="para9_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">9</span>. Kammapathappattaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘atthabhañjanako’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Vacīpayogo kāyapayogo vā</span>ti <span class="bld">musā</span>-saddassa kiriyāpadhānataṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Visaṃvādanādhippāyo</span> pubbabhāgakkhaṇe taṅkhaṇe ca. Vuttañhi ‘‘pubbevassa hoti ‘musā bhaṇissa’nti, bhaṇantassa hoti ‘musā bhaṇāmī’ti’’ (pārā. 205). Etañhi dvayaṃ aṅgabhūtaṃ, itaraṃ pana hotu vā mā vā, akāraṇametaṃ. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti visaṃvādakassa<a name="V1.0105"></a>. Yathāvuttaṃ payogabhūtaṃ musā vadati viññāpeti, samuṭṭhāpeti vā etāyāti <span class="bld">cetanā musāvādo.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext">Purimanaye lakkhaṇassa abyāpitatāya, musā-saddassa ca visaṃvaditabbatthavācakattasambhavato <a name="P1.0152"></a> paripuṇṇaṃ katvā musāvādalakkhaṇaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘musāti abhūtaṃ atacchaṃ vatthū’’</span>tiādinā dutiyanayo āraddho. Imasmiñca naye musā vadīyati vuccati etāyāti <span class="bld">cetanā musāvādo. ‘‘Yamatthaṃ bhañjatī’’</span>ti vatthuvasena musāvādassa appasāvajjamahāsāvajjatamāha. Yassa atthaṃ bhañjati, tassa appaguṇatāya appasāvajjo, mahāguṇatāya mahāsāvajjoti adinnādāne viya guṇavasenāpi yojetabbaṃ. Kilesānaṃ mudutibbatāvasenāpi appasāvajjamahāsāvajjatā labbhatiyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Attano santakaṃ adātukāmatāya, pūraṇakathānayena ca visaṃvādanapurekkhārasseva musāvādo. Tattha pana cetanā balavatī na hotīti appasāvajjatā <a name="M1.0119"></a> vuttā. Appatāya ūnassa atthassa pūraṇavasena pavattā kathā <span class="bld">pūraṇakathā.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tajjo</span>ti tassāruppo, visaṃvādanānurūpoti attho. <span class="bld">‘‘Vāyāmo’’</span>ti vāyāmasīsena payogamāha. Visaṃvādanādhippāyena payoge katepi parena tasmiṃ atthe aviññāte visaṃvādanassa asijjhanato parassa tadatthavijānanaṃ eko sambhāro vutto. Keci pana ‘‘abhūtavacanaṃ visaṃvādanacittaṃ parassa tadatthavijānananti tayo sambhārā’’ti vadanti. <span class="bld">Kiriyāsamuṭṭhāpakacetanākkhaṇeyeva musāvādakakammunā bajjhati</span> sanniṭṭhāpakacetanāya nibbattattā, sacepi dandhatāya vicāretvā paro tamatthaṃ jānātīti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Saccato thetato’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.19) viya <span class="bld">theta</span>-saddo thirapariyāyo, thirabhāvo ca saccavāditāya adhikatattā kathāvasena veditabboti āha <span class="bld">‘‘thirakathoti attho’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Nathirakatho</span>ti yathā haliddirāgādayo <a name="P1.0153"></a> anavaṭṭhitasabhāvatāya na thirā, evaṃ na thirā kathā yassa so na thirakathoti haliddirāgādayo yathā kathāya upamā honti, evaṃ yojetabbaṃ. Esa nayo <span class="bld">‘‘pāsāṇalekhā viyā’’</span>tiādīsupi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Saddhā ayati pavattati etthāti saddhāyo, saddhāyo eva <span class="bld">saddhāyiko</span> yathā ‘‘venayiko’’ti <a name="V1.0106"></a> (a. ni. 8.11; pārā. 8). Saddhāya vā ayitabbo <span class="bld">saddhāyiko,</span> saddheyyoti attho. <span class="bld">Vattabbataṃ āpajjati</span> visaṃvādanatoti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Suññabhāva</span>nti pītivirahitatāya rittataṃ. <span class="bld">Sā pisuṇavācā</span>ti yāyaṃ yathāvuttā saddasabhāvā vācā, sā piyasuññakaraṇato pisuṇavācāti niruttinayena atthamāha. Pisatīti vā pisuṇā, samagge satte avayavabhūte vagge bhinne karotīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pharusa</span>nti sinehābhāvena lūkhaṃ. <span class="bld">Sayampi pharusā</span>ti domanassasamuṭṭhitattā sabhāvenapi kakkasā. Ettha ca pharusaṃ karotīti phalūpacārena, pharusayatīti vā vācāya pharusa-saddappavatti veditabbā. <span class="bld">Sayampi pharusā</span>ti paresaṃ mammacchedavasena pavattiyā ekantaniṭṭhuratāya sabhāvena, kāraṇavohārena <a name="M1.0120"></a> ca vācāya pharusa-saddappavatti daṭṭhabbā. Tatoyeva ca <span class="bld">neva kaṇṇasukhā.</span> Atthavipannatāya <span class="bld">na hadayaṅgamā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yena samphaṃ palapatī</span>ti yena palāpasaṅkhātena niratthakavacanena sukhaṃ hitañca phalati vidarati vināsetīti ‘‘sampha’’nti laddhanāmaṃ attano paresañca anupakārakaṃ yaṃ kiñci palapati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saṃkiliṭṭhacittassā</span>ti lobhena dosena vā vibādhitacittassa, upatāpitacittassa vā, dūsitacittassāti attho. <span class="bld">Cetanā pisuṇavācā</span> pisuṇaṃ vadanti etāyāti. Yassa yato bhedaṃ karoti, tesu abhinnesu appasāvajjaṃ, bhinnesu mahāsāvajjaṃ, tathā kilesānaṃ mudutibbatāvisesesu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yassa pesuññaṃ <a name="P1.0154"></a> upasaṃharati, so bhijjatu vā mā vā, tassa atthassa viññāpanameva pamāṇanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tadatthavijānana’’</span>nti, kammapathappatti pana bhinne eva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anuppadātā</span>ti anubalappadātā, anuvattanavasena vā padātā. Kassa pana anuvattanaṃ padānañca? ‘‘Sahitāna’’nti vuttattā ‘‘sandhānassā’’ti viññāyati. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘sandhānānuppadātā’’</span>ti. Yasmā pana anuvattanavasena sandhānassa padānaṃ ādhānaṃ, rakkhaṇaṃ vā daḷhīkaraṇaṃ hoti, tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘daḷhīkammaṃ kattāti attho’’</span>ti. Āramanti etthāti <span class="bld">ārāmo,</span> ramitabbaṭṭhānaṃ<a name="V1.0107"></a>. Yasmā pana ākārena vināpi ayamevattho labbhati, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘samaggarāmotipi pāḷi, ayamevettha attho’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Mammāni viya mammāni, yesu pharusavācāya chupitamattesu duṭṭhārūsu viya ghaṭṭitesu cittaṃ adhimattaṃ dukkhappattaṃ hoti. Kāni pana tāni? Jātiādīni akkosavatthūni. Tāni chijjanti, bhijjanti vā yena kāyavacīpayogena, so <span class="bld">mammacchedako.</span> Ekantena pharusacetanā pharusavācā pharusaṃ vadati etāyāti. Kathaṃ pana ekantapharusacetanā hoti? Duṭṭhacittatāya. <span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti ekantapharusacetanāya eva pharusavācābhāvassa. <span class="bld">Mammacchedako</span> savanapharusatāyāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Cittasaṇhatāya pharusavācā na hoti</span> kammapatha’ppattattā, kammabhāvaṃ pana na sakkā vāretunti. Evaṃ anvayavasena cetanāpharusatāya pharusavācaṃ sādhetvā idāni tameva paṭipakkhanayena sādhetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vacanasaṇhatāyā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sā</span> pharusavācā<a name="M1.0121"></a>. <span class="bld">Ya</span>nti yaṃ puggalaṃ. Etthāpi kammapathabhāvaṃ appattā appasāvajjā, itarā mahāsāvajjā, tathā kilesānaṃ mudutibbatābhāve. Keci pana ‘‘yaṃ uddissa pharusavācā payujjanti, tassa sammukhāva sīsaṃ etī’’ti, eke ‘‘parammukhāpi pharusavācā hotiyevā’’ti vadanti. Tatthāyamadhippāyo yutto siyā – sammukhā payoge agāravādīnaṃ balavabhāvato siyā cetanā <a name="P1.0155"></a> balavatī, parassa ca tadatthajānanaṃ, na tathā asammukhāti. Yathā pana akkosite mate āḷahane katā khamanā upavādantarāyaṃ nivatteti, evaṃ ‘‘parammukhā payuttāpi pharusavācā hotiyevā’’ti sakkā viññātunti. <span class="bld">Kupitacitta</span>nti akkosādhippāyeneva kupitacittaṃ, na maraṇādhippāyena. Maraṇādhippāyena hi cittakope sati byāpādoyeva hotīti. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Nelaṅgo setapacchādo, ekāro vattatī ratho;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Anīghaṃ passa āyantaṃ, chinnasotaṃ abandhana’’nti. (saṃ. ni. 4.347; udā. 65);</p>
<p class="unindented">Imissā gāthāya. Sīlañhettha ‘‘nelaṅga’’nti vuttaṃ. Tenevāha citto gahapati ‘‘nelaṅganti kho bhante sīlānametaṃ adhivacana’’nti (saṃ. ni. 4.347). <span class="bld">Sukumārā</span>ti apharusatāya mudukā. <span class="bld">Purassā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">pura</span>-saddo tannivāsīvācako daṭṭhabbo ‘‘gāmo āgato’’tiādīsu viya. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘nagaravāsīna’’</span>nti. Manaṃ appāyati vaḍḍhetīti <span class="bld">manāpā.</span> Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘cittavuḍḍhikarā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Āsevanaṃ</span> bhāvanaṃ bahulīkaraṇaṃ. Yaṃ gāhayituṃ pavattito, tena aggahite appasāvajjo <a name="V1.0108"></a> gahite mahāsāvajjoti, idhāpi kilesānaṃ mudutibbatāvasenāpi appasāvajjamahāsāvajjatā labbhatiyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Kālavādī’’</span>tiādi samphappalāpā paṭiviratassa paṭipattidassanaṃ. Yathā hi ‘‘pāṇātipātā paṭivirato’’tiādi pāṇātipātappahānapaṭipattidassanaṃ. ‘‘Pāṇātipātaṃ pahāya viharatī’’ti hi vutte kathaṃ pāṇātipātappahānaṃ hotīti? Apekkhāsabbhāvato ‘‘pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hotī’’ti vuttaṃ, sā pana virati kathanti <a name="P1.0156"></a> āha ‘‘nihitadaṇḍo nihitasattho’’ti, tañca daṇḍasatthanidhānaṃ kathanti vuttaṃ ‘‘lajjī’’tiādi, evaṃ uttaruttaraṃ purimassa purimassa upāyasandassanaṃ, tathā adinnādānādīsu <a name="M1.0122"></a> yathāsambhavaṃ yojetabbaṃ. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘kālavādītiādi samphappalāpā paṭiviratassa paṭipattidassana’’nti. Atthasañhitāpi hi vācā ayuttakālappayogena atthāvahā na siyāti anatthaviññāpanavācaṃ anulometi, tasmā samphappalāpaṃ pajahantena akālavāditā parivajjetabbāti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kālavādī’’</span>ti. Kālena vadantenāpi ubhayānatthasādhanato abhūtaṃ parivajjetabbanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘bhūtavādī’’</span>ti. Bhūtañca vadantena yaṃ idhalokaparalokahitasampādakaṃ, tadeva vattabbanti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘atthavādī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Atthaṃ vadantenāpi na lokiyadhammasannissitameva vattabbaṃ, atha kho lokuttaradhammasannissitaṃ pīti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘dhammavādī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Yathā ca attho lokuttaradhammasannissito hoti, taṃ dassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vinayavādī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Pātimokkhasaṃvaro satisaṃvaro ñāṇasaṃvaro khantisaṃvaro vīriyasaṃvaroti hi pañcannaṃ saṃvarānaṃ, tadaṅgavinayo vikkhambhanavinayo samucchedavinayo paṭippassaddhivinayo nissaraṇavinayoti pañcannaṃ vinayānañca vasena vuccamāno attho nibbānādhigamahetubhāvato lokuttaradhammasannissito hotīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ guṇavisesayutto ca attho vuccamāno desanākosalle sati sobhati, kiccakaro ca hoti, nāññathāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘nidhānavatiṃ vācaṃ bhāsitā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Idāni taṃ desanākosallaṃ vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kālenā’’</span>tiādimāha. Ajjhāsayaṭṭhuppattīnaṃ pucchāya ca vasena otiṇṇe desanāvisaye ekaṃsādibyākaraṇavibhāgaṃ sallakkhetvā ṭhapanāhetudāharaṇasaṃsandanāni taṃtaṃkālānurūpaṃ vibhāventiyā parimitaparicchinnarūpāya vipulataragambhīrudārapahūtatthavitthārasaṅgāhakāya <a name="P1.0157"></a> desanāya pare yathājjhāsayaṃ paramatthasiddhiyaṃ patiṭṭhāpento ‘‘desanākusalo’’ti vuccatīti evamettha atthayojanā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para10"></a><a name="para10_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">10</span>. Evaṃ paṭipāṭiyā satta mūlasikkhāpadāni vibhajitvā satipi abhijjhādippahānassa <a name="V1.0109"></a> saṃvarasīlasikkhāsaṅgahe upariguṇasaṅgahato, lokiyaputhujjanāvisayato ca uttaradesanāya saṅgaṇhituṃ taṃ pariharitvā pacurajanapākaṭaṃ ācārasīlameva vibhajanto bhagavā <span class="bld">‘‘bījagāmabhūtagāmasamārambhā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">gāmo</span>ti samūho. Nanu ca rukkhādayo cittarahitatāya na jīvā, cittarahitatā ca paripphandābhāvato<a name="M1.0123"></a>, chinne viruhanato, visadisajātikabhāvato, catuyoniappariyāpannato ca veditabbā, vuḍḍhi pana pavāḷasilālavaṇānampi vijjatīti na tesaṃ jīvabhāve kāraṇaṃ, visayaggahaṇañca parikappanāmattaṃ supanaṃ viya ciñcādīnaṃ, tathā dohaḷādayo, tattha kasmā bījagāmabhūtagāmasamārambhā paṭivirati icchitāti? Samaṇasāruppato, sannissitasattānurakkhaṇato ca. Tenevāha ‘‘jīvasaññino hi moghapurisā manussā rukkhasmi’’ntiādi (pāci. 89). <span class="bld">Nīlatiṇarukkhādikassā</span>ti allatiṇassa ceva allarukkhādikassa ca. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena osadhigacchalatādayo veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ekaṃ bhattaṃ ekabhattaṃ, taṃ assa atthīti <span class="bld">ekabhattiko,</span> ekasmiṃ divase ekavārameva bhuñjanako. Tayidaṃ rattibhojanopi siyāti tannivattanatthamāha <span class="bld">‘‘rattūparato’’</span>ti. Evampi aparaṇhabhojīpi siyā ekabhattikoti tadāsaṅkānivattanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘virato vikālabhojanā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Aruṇuggamanato paṭṭhāya yāva <a name="P1.0158"></a> majjhanhikā, ayaṃ buddhānaṃ āciṇṇasamāciṇṇo bhojanassa kālo nāma, tadañño vikālo. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> pana dutiyapadena rattibhojanassa paṭikkhittattā aparaṇho ‘‘vikālo’’ti vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Saṅkhepato ‘‘sabbapāpassa akaraṇa’’ntiādi (dī. ni. 2.90; dha. pa. 183; netti. 30, 50, 116, 124) nayappavattaṃ bhagavato sāsanaṃ accantachandarāgappavattito naccādīnaṃ dassanaṃ na anulometīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sāsanassa ananulomattā’’</span>ti. Attanā payojiyamānaṃ, parehi payojāpiyamānañca naccaṃ naccabhāvasāmaññato pāḷiyaṃ ekeneva nacca-saddena gahitaṃ, tathā gītavādita-saddena cāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘naccananaccāpanādivasenā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena gāyanagāyāpanavādanavādāpanāni saṅgaṇhāti. Dassanena cettha savanampi saṅgahitaṃ virūpekasesanayena. Ālocanasabhāvatāya vā pañcannaṃ viññāṇānaṃ savanakiriyāyapi dassanasaṅkhepasabbhāvato <span class="bld">‘‘dassanā’’</span> icceva vuttaṃ. Avisūkabhūtassa gītassa savanaṃ kadāci vaṭṭatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘visūkabhūtā dassanā’’</span>ti. Tathā hi vuttaṃ paramatthajotikāya <span class="bld">khuddakapāṭhaṭṭhakathāya</span> (khu. pā. aṭṭha. pacchimapañcasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā) ‘‘dhammūpasaṃhitampi cettha gītaṃ vaṭṭati, gītūpasaṃhito dhammo na vaṭṭatī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uccā</span>ti <a name="V1.0110"></a><a name="M1.0124"></a> uccasaddena samānatthaṃ ekaṃ saddantaraṃ, seti etthāti <span class="bld">sayanaṃ.</span> Uccāsayanaṃ mahāsayanañca samaṇasārupparahitaṃ adhippetanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pamāṇātikkantaṃ, akappiyattharaṇa’’</span>nti<a name="P1.0159"></a>. Āsandādiāsanañcettha sayanena saṅgahitanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Yasmā pana ādhāre paṭikkhitte tadādhārakiriyā paṭikkhittāva hoti, tasmā ‘‘uccāsayanamahāsayanā’’ icceva vuttaṃ, atthato pana tadupabhogabhūta nisajjānipajjanehi virati dassitāti daṭṭhabbā. Uccāsayanasayanamahāsayanasayanāti vā etasmiṃ atthe ekasesanayena ayaṃ niddeso kato yathā ‘‘nāmarūpapaccayā saḷāyatana’’nti (ma. ni. 3.126; saṃ. ni. 2.1; udā. 1). Āsanakiriyāpubbakattā sayanakiriyāya sayanaggahaṇeneva āsanaṃ gahitanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aññehi gāhāpane upanikkhittasādiyane ca paṭiggahaṇattho labbhatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘na uggaṇhāpeti, na upanikkhittaṃ sādīyatī’’</span>ti. Atha vā tividhaṃ paṭiggahaṇaṃ kāyena vācāya manasā. Tattha kāyena paṭiggahaṇaṃ uggaṇhanaṃ, vācāya paṭiggahaṇaṃ uggahāpanaṃ, manasā paṭiggahaṇaṃ sādiyananti tividhampi paṭiggahaṇaṃ sāmaññaniddesena, ekasesanayena vā gahetvā ‘‘paṭiggahaṇā’’ti vuttanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘neva naṃ uggaṇhātī’’</span>tiādi. Esa nayo <span class="bld">‘‘āmakadhaññapaṭiggahaṇā’’</span>tiādīsupi. Nīvārādiupadhaññassa sāliyādimūladhaññantogadhattā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sattavidhassā’’</span>ti. ‘‘Anujānāmi bhikkhave pañca vasāni bhesajjāni acchavasaṃ macchavasaṃ susukāvasaṃ sūkaravasaṃ gadrabhavasa’’nti (mahāva. 262) vuttattā idaṃ odissa anuññātaṃ nāma, tassa pana ‘‘kāle paṭiggahita’’nti (mahāva. 262) vuttattā paṭiggahaṇaṃ vaṭṭatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘aññatra odissa anuññātā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Akkamatī</span>ti nippīḷeti. Pubbabhāge akkamatīti sambandho. <span class="bld">Hadaya</span>nti nāḷiādimānabhājanānaṃ abbhantaraṃ. Tilādīnaṃ <a name="P1.0160"></a> nāḷiādīhi minanakāle ussāpitasikhāyeva <span class="bld">sikhā,</span> tassā <span class="bld">bhedo</span> hāpanaṃ. <span class="bld">Kecī</span>ti sārasamāsācariyā, uttaravihāravāsino ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vadho</span>ti muṭṭhippahārakasātāḷanādīhi hiṃsanaṃ, viheṭhananti attho. Viheṭhanatthopi hi vadhasaddo dissati ‘‘attānaṃ vadhitvā vadhitvā’’tiādīsu (pāci. 880). Yathā hi appaṭiggahabhāvasāmaññe satipi pabbajitehi appaṭiggahitabbavatthuvisesabhāvasandassanatthaṃ itthikumāridāsidāsādayo vibhāgena vuttā<a name="M1.0125"></a>, evaṃ parassaharaṇabhāvato adinnādānabhāvasāmaññe satipi tulākūṭādayo adinnādānavisesabhāvadassanatthaṃ vibhāgena vuttā, na evaṃ pāṇātipātapariyāyassa vadhassa punaggahaṇe payojanaṃ atthi. ‘‘Tattha sayaṅkāro, idha paraṃkāro’’ti ca <a name="V1.0111"></a> na sakkā vattuṃ ‘‘kāyavacīpayogasamuṭṭhāpikā cetanā chappayogā’’ti ca vuttattā. Tasmā yathāvuttoyeva attho sundarataro. Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ pana ‘‘vadhoti māraṇa’’nti vuttaṃ, tampi pothanameva sandhāyāti ca sakkā viññātuṃ māraṇa-saddassa vihiṃsanepi dissanato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ettāvatā</span>ti ‘‘pāṇātipātaṃ pahāyā’’tiādinā ‘‘chedana…pe… sahasākārā paṭivirato’’ti etaparimāṇena pāṭhena. Antarābhedaṃ aggahetvā pāḷiyaṃ āgatanayena chabbīsatisikkhāpadasaṅgahaṃ yebhuyyena sikkhāpadānaṃ avibhattattā <span class="bld">cūḷasīlaṃ</span> nāma. Desanāvasena hi idha cūḷamajjhimādibhāvo adhippeto, na dhammavasena. Tathā hi idha saṅkhittena uddiṭṭhānaṃ sikkhāpadānaṃ avibhattānaṃ vibhajanavasena <a name="P1.0161"></a> majjhimasīladesanā pavattā. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘majjhimasīlaṃ vitthārento’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="centered">Cūḷasīlavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Majjhimasīlavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para11"></a><a name="para11_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">11</span>. Tattha <span class="bld">yathā</span>ti opammatthe nipāto. <span class="bld">Vā</span>ti vikappanatthe. <span class="bld">Panā</span>ti vacanālaṅkāre. <span class="bld">Eke</span>ti aññe. <span class="bld">Bhonto</span>ti sādhūnaṃ piyasamudāhāro. Sādhavo hi pare ‘‘bhonto’’ti vā, ‘‘devānaṃ piyā’’ti vā ‘‘āyasmanto’’ti vā samālapanti. Yaṃ kiñci pabbajjaṃ upagatā <span class="bld">samaṇā.</span> Jātimattena <span class="bld">brāhmaṇā.</span> Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – ussāhaṃ katvā mama vaṇṇaṃ vadamānopi puthujjano ‘‘pāṇātipātaṃ pahāya pāṇātipātā paṭivirato’’tiādinā parānuddesikanayena vā yathā paneke bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇabhāvaṃ paṭijānamānā, parehi ca tathāsambhāviyamānā tadanurūpapaṭipattiṃ ajānanato, asamatthato ca na abhisambhuṇanti, na evamayaṃ, ayaṃ pana samaṇo gotamo sabbathāpi samaṇasāruppapaṭipadaṃ pūresiyevāti evaṃ aññuddesikanayena vā sabbathāpi ācārasīlamattameva vadeyyuṃ, na taduttarinti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bījagāmabhūtagāmasamārambhapade <a name="M1.0126"></a> saddakkamena appadhānabhūtopi bījagāmabhūtagāmo niddisitabbatāya padhānabhāvaṃ paṭilabhati. Añño hi saddakkamo añño atthakkamoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘katamo so bījagāmabhūtagāmo’’</span>ti. Tasmiñhi vibhatte tabbisayatāya samārambhopi vibhattova hotīti<a name="V1.0112"></a>. Tenevāha bhagavā <span class="bld">‘‘mūlabīja’’</span>ntiādi. Mūlameva bījaṃ <span class="bld">mūlabījaṃ,</span> mūlaṃ bījaṃ etassātipi <span class="bld">mūlabījaṃ.</span> Sesesupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Phaḷubīja</span>nti pabbabījaṃ. Paccayantarasamavāye sadisaphaluppattiyā visesakāraṇabhāvato viruhaṇasamatthe sāraphale niruḷho <span class="bld">bīja</span>-saddo tadatthasaṃsiddhiyā mūlādīsupi kesuci pavattatīti mūlādito nivattanatthaṃ ekena bīja-saddena visesetvā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘bījabīja’’</span>nti. ‘‘Rūparūpaṃ<a name="P1.0162"></a>, dukkhadukkha’’nti (saṃ. ni. 4.327) ca yathā. Kasmā panettha bījagāmabhūtagāmaṃ pucchitvā bījagāmo eva vibhattoti? Na kho panetaṃ evaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Nanu avocumha ‘‘mūlameva bījaṃ mūlabījaṃ, mūlaṃ bījaṃ etassātipi mūlabījanti’’. Tattha purimena bījagāmo niddiṭṭho, dutiyena bhūtagāmo, duvidhopesa sāmaññaniddesena, mūlabījañca mūlabījañca mūlabījanti ekasesanayena vā pāḷiyaṃ niddiṭṭhoti veditabbo. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbañheta’’</span>ntiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para12"></a><a name="para12_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">12</span>. <span class="bld">‘‘Sannidhikatassā’’</span>ti etena ‘‘sannidhikāraparibhoga’’nti ettha <span class="bld">kāra</span>-saddassa kammatthataṃ dasseti. Yathā vā ‘‘ācayaṃgamino’’ti vattabbe anunāsikalopena ‘‘ācayagāmino’’ti (dha. sa. 10) niddeso kato, evaṃ ‘‘sannidhikāraṃ paribhoga’’nti vattabbe anunāsikalopena ‘‘sannidhikāraparibhoga’’nti vuttaṃ, sannidhiṃ katvā paribhoganti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sammā kilese likhatīti <span class="bld">sallekho,</span> suttantanayena paṭipatti. Pariyāyati kappīyatīti <span class="bld">pariyāyo,</span> kappiyavācānusārena paṭipatti. Kilesehi āmasitabbato <span class="bld">āmisaṃ,</span> yaṃ kiñci upabhogārahaṃ vatthu. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘āmisanti vuttāvasesa’’</span>nti. Nayadassanañhetaṃ sannidhivatthūnaṃ. <span class="bld">Udakakaddame</span>ti udake ca kaddame ca. <span class="bld">Acchathā</span>ti nisīdatha. <span class="bld">Gīvāyāmaka</span>nti gīvaṃ āyamitvā, yathā ca bhutte atibhuttatāya gīvā āyamitabbāva hoti, evanti attho. <span class="bld">Catubhāgamatta</span>nti kuḍubamattaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Kappiyakuṭiya’’</span>ntiādi vinayavasena vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para13"></a><a name="para13_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">13</span>. <span class="bld">Ettakampī</span>ti <a name="M1.0127"></a> vinicchayavicāraṇāvatthukittanampi<a name="P1.0163"></a>. <span class="bld">Payojanamattamevā</span>ti padatthayojanamattameva. Yassa pana padassa vitthārakathaṃ vinā na sakkā attho viññātuṃ, tattha vitthārakathāpi padatthasaṅgahameva gacchati. Kutūhalavasena pekkhitabbato <span class="bld">pekkhā,</span> naṭasatthavidhinā naṭānañca payogo. Naṭasamūhena pana janasamūhe karaṇavasena <span class="bld">‘‘naṭasamajja’’</span>nti vuttaṃ, sārasamāse ‘‘pekkhā maha’’nti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ghanatāḷaṃ</span> nāma daṇḍamayatāḷaṃ, silāsalākatāḷaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Eke</span>ti sārasamāsācariyā, uttaravihāravāsino ca. Yathā cettha, evaṃ ito paresupi ‘‘eke’’ti āgataṭṭhānesu. <span class="bld">Caturassaambaṇakatāḷaṃ</span> nāma rukkhasāradaṇḍādīsu yena kenaci caturassaambaṇakaṃ katvā <a name="V1.0113"></a> catūsu passesu cammena onandhitvā katavāditaṃ. <span class="bld">Abbhokkiraṇaṃ</span> raṅgabalīkaraṇaṃ, yā ‘‘nandī’’ti vuccati. <span class="bld">Sobhanakara</span>nti sobhanakaraṇaṃ, ‘‘sobhanagharaka’’nti sārasamāse vuttaṃ. Caṇḍālānamidanti <span class="bld">caṇḍālaṃ.</span> Sāṇe udakena temetvā aññamaññaṃ ākoṭanakīḷā <span class="bld">sāṇadhovanaṃ. Indajālenā</span>ti aṭṭhidhovanamantaṃ parijappitvā yathā pare aṭṭhīniyeva passanti, evaṃ tacādīnaṃ antaradhāpanamāyāya. <span class="bld">Sakaṭabyūhādī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena cakkapadumakaḷīrabyūhādiṃ saṅgaṇhāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para14"></a><a name="para14_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">14</span>. <span class="bld">Padānī</span>ti <a name="P1.0164"></a> sārīnaṃ patiṭṭhānaṭṭhānāni. <span class="bld">Dasapadaṃ</span> nāma dvīhi pantīhi vīsatiyā padehi kīḷanajūtaṃ. <span class="bld">Pāsakaṃ</span> vuccati chasu passesu ekekaṃ yāva chakkaṃ dassetvā katakīḷanakaṃ, taṃ vaḍḍhetvā yathāladdhaṃ ekakādivasena sāriyo apanentā upanentā ca kīḷanti. Ghaṭena kīḷā <span class="bld">ghaṭikā</span>ti eke. Bahūsu salākāsu visesarahitaṃ ekaṃ salākaṃ gahetvā tāsu pakkhipitvā puna tasseva uddharaṇaṃ <span class="bld">salākahattha</span>nti eke. Paṇṇena vaṃsākārena katā <span class="bld">nāḷikā.</span> Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘taṃ dhamantā’’</span>ti. ‘‘Pucchantassa mukhāgataṃ akkharaṃ gahetvā naṭṭhamutti lābhālābhādijānanakīḷā <span class="bld">akkharikā’’</span>tipi vadanti. ‘‘Vāditānurūpaṃ naccanaṃ gāyanaṃ vā <span class="bld">yathāvajjaṃ’’</span> tipi vadanti. ‘‘Evaṃ kate jayo bhavissati, aññathā parājayo’’ti jayaparājaye purakkhatvā payogakaraṇavasena parihārapathādīnampi <span class="bld">jūtapamādaṭṭhānabhāvo</span> veditabbo. Paṅgacīrādīhipi vaṃsādīhi kātabbakiccasiddhiasiddhijayaparājayāvaho payogo vuttoti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Yathāvajja’’</span>nti ca <a name="M1.0128"></a> kāṇādīhi sadisatākāradassanehi jayaparājayavasena jūtakīḷitabhāvena vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para15"></a><a name="para15_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">15</span>. <span class="bld">Vāḷarūpānī</span>ti āharimāni vāḷarūpāni. ‘‘Akappiyamañcova <span class="bld">pallaṅko’’</span>ti sārasamāse. <span class="bld">Vānavicitta</span>nti bhitticchadādivasena vānena vicitraṃ. Rukkhatūlalatātūlapoṭakītūlānaṃ vasena <span class="bld">tiṇṇaṃ tūlānaṃ.</span> Uddalomiyaṃ <span class="bld">kecī</span>ti sārasamāsācariyā, uttaravihāravāsino ca. Tathā ekantalomiyaṃ. <span class="bld">Koseyyakaṭṭissamaya</span>nti koseyyakassaṭamayaṃ. <span class="bld">Suddhakoseyya</span>nti <a name="P1.0165"></a> ratanaparisibbanarahitaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Ṭhapetvā tūlika’’</span>nti etena ratanaparisibbanarahitāpi tūlikā na vaṭṭatīti dīpeti. <span class="bld">‘‘Ratanaparisibbitānī’’</span>ti iminā yāni ratanaparisibbitāni, tāni bhūmattharaṇavasena, yathānurūpaṃ mañcapīṭhādīsu ca upanetuṃ vaṭṭatīti dīpitaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Ajinacammehī</span>ti ajinamigacammehi. Tāni kira cammāni sukhumāni, tasmā dupaṭṭatipaṭṭāni katvā sibbanti. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ajinappaveṇī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Vuttanayenā</span>ti vinaye vuttanayena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para16"></a><a name="para16_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">16</span>. <span class="bld">Alaṅkārañjanameva</span> na bhesajjaṃ maṇḍanānuyogassa adhippetattā. Mālā-saddo sāsane suddhapupphesupi <a name="V1.0114"></a> niruḷhoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘baddhamālā vā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Mattikakakka</span>nti osadhehi abhisaṅkhataṃ yogamattikakakkaṃ. <span class="bld">Calite</span>ti kupite. <span class="bld">Lohite sannisinne</span>ti duṭṭhalohite khīṇe.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para17"></a><a name="para17_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">17</span>. Duggatito saṃsārato ca niyyāti etenāti niyyānaṃ, saggamaggo mokkhamaggo ca. Taṃ niyyānaṃ arahati, niyyāne vā niyuttā, niyyānaṃ vā phalabhūtaṃ etissā atthīti niyyānikā, vacīduccaritasaṃkilesato niyyātīti vā ī-kārassa rassattaṃ, ya-kārassa ca ka-kāraṃ katvā niyyānikā, cetanāya saddhiṃ samphappalāpā veramaṇi. Tappaṭipakkhato aniyyānikā, tassā bhāvo aniyyānikattaṃ, tasmā <span class="bld">aniyyānikattā. Tiracchānabhūtā</span>ti tirokaraṇabhūtā. <span class="bld">Kammaṭṭhānabhāve</span>ti aniccatāpaṭisaṃyuttacatusaccakammaṭṭhānabhāve. Saha atthenāti <span class="bld">sātthakaṃ,</span> hitapaṭisaṃyuttanti attho. <span class="bld">Visikhā</span>ti gharasanniveso, visikhāgahaṇena ca tannivāsino gahitā ‘‘gāmo āgato’’tiādīsu viya. Tenevāha ‘‘sūrā samatthā’’ti, ‘‘saddhā pasannā’’ti ca. Kumbhaṭṭhānāpadesena <a name="M1.0129"></a><a name="P1.0166"></a> kumbhadāsiyo vuttāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kumbhadāsīkathā vā’’</span>ti. Uppattiṭhitisambhārādivasena lokaṃ akkhāyatīti <span class="bld">lokakkhāyikā.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para18"></a><a name="para18_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">18</span>. <span class="bld">Sahita</span>nti pubbāparāviruddhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para19"></a><a name="para19_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">19</span>. Dūtassa kammaṃ dūteyyaṃ, tassa kathā <span class="bld">dūteyyakathā.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para20"></a><a name="para20_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">20</span>. <span class="bld">Tividhenā</span>ti sāmantajappanairiyāpathasannissitapaccayapaṭisevanabhedato tippakārena. <span class="bld">Vimhāpayantī</span>ti ‘‘aho acchariyapuriso’’ti attani paresaṃ vimhayaṃ uppādenti. <span class="bld">Lapantī</span>ti attānaṃ, dāyakaṃ vā ukkhipitvā yathā so kiñci dadāti, evaṃ ukkācetvā kathenti. Nimittena caranti, nimittaṃ vā karontīti <span class="bld">nemittikā</span> nimittanti ca paresaṃ paccaya dānasaññuppādakaṃ kāyavacīkammaṃ vuccati. Nippiṃsantīti nippesā, nippesāyeva <span class="bld">nippesikā,</span> nippesoti ca saṭhapuriso viya lābhasakkāratthaṃ akkosakhuṃsanuppaṇḍanaparapiṭṭhimaṃsikatādi.</p>
<p class="centered">Majjhimasīlavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Mahāsīlavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para21"></a><a name="para21_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">21</span>. Aṅgāni <a name="V1.0115"></a> ārabbha pavattattā aṅgasahacaritaṃ satthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘aṅga’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Nimitta</span>nti etthāpi eseva nayo. Keci pana <span class="bld">‘‘aṅga</span>nti aṅgavikāra’’nti vadanti, paresaṃ aṅgavikāradassanenāpi lābhālābhādivijjāti. <span class="bld">Paṇḍurājā</span>ti dakkhiṇāmadhurādhipati. <span class="bld">‘‘Mahantāna’’</span>nti etena appakaṃ nimittaṃ, mahantaṃ nimittaṃ uppātoti dasseti. <span class="bld">Idaṃ nāma passatī</span>ti yo vasabhaṃ kuñjaraṃ pāsādaṃ pabbataṃ vā āruḷhaṃ supine attānaṃ passati, tassa idaṃ nāma phalaṃ hotīti. <span class="bld">Supinaka</span>nti supinasatthaṃ. Aṅgasampattivipattidassanamattena <a name="P1.0167"></a> ādisanaṃ vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘aṅga’’</span>nti iminā, <span class="bld">‘‘lakkhaṇa’’</span>nti iminā pana mahānubhāvatānipphādakaaṅgalakkhaṇavisesadassanenāti ayametesaṃ visesoti. <span class="bld">Ahate</span>ti nave. <span class="bld">Ito paṭṭhāyā</span>ti devarakkhasamanussādibhedena vividhavatthabhāge ito vā etto vā sañchinne idaṃ nāma bhogādi hotīti. <span class="bld">Dabbihomadīni</span> <a name="M1.0130"></a> homassupakaraṇādivisesehi phalavisesadassanavasena pavattāni. <span class="bld">Aggihomaṃ</span> vuttāvasesasādhanavasena pavattaṃ homaṃ. <span class="bld">Aṅgalaṭṭhi</span>nti sarīraṃ. Abbhino satthaṃ <span class="bld">abbheyyaṃ,</span> māsurakkhena kato gantho <span class="bld">māsurakkho. Bhūrivijjā</span> sassabuddhikaraṇavijjāti sārasamāse. <span class="bld">Sapakkhaka…pe… catuppadāna</span>nti piṅgalamakkhikādisapakkhaka gharagolikādiapakkhakadevamanussakoñcādidvipadakakaṇṭakajambukādicatuppadānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para23"></a><a name="para23_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">23</span>. <span class="bld">‘‘Asukadivase’’</span>ti ‘‘pakkhassa dutiye tatiye’’tiādi tithivasena vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Asukanakkhattenā</span>ti rohiṇīādinakkhattayogavasena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para24"></a><a name="para24_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">24</span>. <span class="bld">Ukkānaṃ patana</span>nti ukkobhāsānaṃ patanaṃ. Vātasaṅghātesu hi vegena aññamaññaṃ saṅghaṭṭentesu dīpakobhāso viya obhāso uppajjitvā ākāsato patati, tatthāyaṃ ukkāpātavohāro. <span class="bld">Avisuddhatā</span> abbhamahikādīhi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para25"></a><a name="para25_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">25</span>. <span class="bld">Dhārānupavecchanaṃ</span> vassanaṃ. Hatthena adhippetaviññāpanaṃ <span class="bld">hatthamuddā,</span> taṃ pana aṅgulisaṅkocanena <a name="P1.0168"></a> gaṇanāyeva. Pārasika milakkhakādayo viya navantavasena gaṇanā <span class="bld">acchiddakagaṇanā. Saṭuppādanādī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena vokalanabhāgahārādike saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Cintāvasenā</span>ti vatthuṃ anusandhiñca sayameva cirena cintetvā karaṇavasena <span class="bld">cintākavi</span> veditabbo, kiñci sutvā sutena assutaṃ anusandhetvā karaṇavasena <span class="bld">sutakavi,</span> kañci atthaṃ upadhāretvā tassa <a name="V1.0116"></a> saṅkhipanavitthāraṇādivasena <span class="bld">atthakavi,</span> yaṃ kiñci parena kataṃ kabbaṃ nāṭakaṃ vā disvā taṃ sadisameva aññaṃ attano ṭhānuppattikapaṭibhānena karaṇavasena <span class="bld">paṭibhānakavi</span> veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para26"></a><a name="para26_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">26</span>. Pariggahabhāvena dārikāya gaṇhāpanaṃ <span class="bld">āvāhanaṃ. </span> Tathā dāpanaṃ <span class="bld">vivāhanaṃ.</span> Desantare diguṇatiguṇādigahaṇavasena bhaṇḍappayojanaṃ <span class="bld">payogo.</span> Tattha vā aññattha vā yathākālaparicchedaṃ vaḍḍhigahaṇavasena payojanaṃ <span class="bld">uddhāro. </span> ‘‘Bhaṇḍamūlarahitānaṃ vāṇijjaṃ katvā ettakenudayena saha mūlaṃ dethāti dhanadānaṃ <span class="bld">payogo,</span> tāvakālikadānaṃ <span class="bld">uddhāro’’</span>ti ca vadanti. <span class="bld">Tīhi kāraṇehī</span>ti ettha vātena, pāṇakehi vā gabbhe vinassante na purimakammunā okāso kato, tappaccayā kammaṃ vipaccati. Sayameva <a name="M1.0131"></a> pana kammunā okāse kate na ekantena vāto pāṇakā vā apekkhitabbāti kammassa visuṃ kāraṇabhāvo vuttoti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Nibbāpanīya</span>nti upasamakaraṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭikamma</span>nti yathā te na khādanti, tathā paṭikaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Parivattanattha</span>nti āvudhādinā saha ukkhittahatthassa ukkhipanavasena parivattanatthaṃ. Icchitatthassa devatāya kaṇṇe kathanavasena jappanaṃ <span class="bld">kaṇṇajappana</span>nti. <span class="bld">Ādiccapāricariyā</span>ti <a name="P1.0169"></a> karavīramālāhi pūjaṃ katvā sakaladivasaṃ ādiccābhimukhāvaṭṭhānena ādiccassa paricaraṇaṃ. ‘‘Siravhāyana’’nti keci paṭhanti, tassatthomantaṃ parijappitvā sirasā icchitassa atthassa avhāyananti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para27"></a><a name="para27_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">27</span>. <span class="bld">Samiddhikāle</span>ti āyācitassa atthassa siddhikāle. <span class="bld">Santipaṭissavakamma</span>nti devatāyācanāya yā santi paṭikattabbā, tassā paṭiññāpaṭissavakammakaraṇaṃ, santiyā āyācanappayogoti attho. <span class="bld">Tasmi</span>nti paṭissavaphalabhūte yathābhipatthitakammasmiṃ, yaṃ ‘‘sace me idaṃ nāma samijjhissatī’’ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti santipaṭissavassa, yo ‘‘paṇidhī’’ti ca vutto. Yathāpaṭissavañhi upahāre kate paṇidhi āyācanā katā niyyātitā hotīti. <span class="bld">Acchandikabhāvamatta</span>nti itthiyā akāmakabhāvamattaṃ. <span class="bld">Liṅga</span>nti purisaliṅgaṃ. <span class="bld">Balikammakaraṇaṃ</span> upaddavapaṭibāhanatthañceva vaḍḍhiāvahanatthañca. <span class="bld">Dosāna</span>nti pittādidosānaṃ. Ettha ca <span class="bld">vamana</span>nti pacchaṭṭanaṃ adhippetaṃ. <span class="bld">Uddhaṃvirecana</span>nti vamanaṃ ‘‘uddhaṃ dosānaṃ nīharaṇa’’nti vuttattā. Tathā <span class="bld">virecana</span>nti virecanameva. <span class="bld">Adhovirecana</span>nti pana suddhivatthikasāvatthiādi vatthikiriyāpi adhippetā ‘‘adho dosānaṃ nīharaṇa’’nti vuttattā. <span class="bld">Sīsavirecanaṃ</span> semhanīharaṇādi. <span class="bld">Paṭalānī</span>ti akkhipaṭalāni. <span class="bld">Salākavejjakamma</span>nti akkhivejjakammaṃ, idaṃ vuttāvasesasālākiyasaṅgahaṇatthaṃ vuttanti daṭṭhabbanti. Tappanādayopi hi sālākiyānevāti. Mūlāni <a name="P1.0170"></a> padhānāni rogūpasame samatthāni bhesajjāni <span class="bld">mūlabhesajjāni,</span> mūlānaṃ vā byādhīnaṃ bhesajjāni <span class="bld">mūlabhesajjāni</span>. Mūlānubandhavasena hi duvidho byādhi. Mūlaroge ca tikicchite yebhuyyena itaraṃ vūpasamatīti. <span class="bld">‘‘Kāyatikicchanaṃ</span> <a name="V1.0117"></a> <span class="bld">dassetī’’</span>ti idaṃ komārabhaccasallakattasālākiyādikaraṇavisesabhūtatantīnaṃ tattha tattha vuttattā pārisesavasena vuttaṃ, tasmā tadavasesāya tantiyāpi idha saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. Sabbāni cetāni ājīvahetukāniyeva idhādhippetāni ‘‘micchājīvena jīvikaṃ kappentī’’ti vuttattā<a name="M1.0132"></a>. Yaṃ pana tattha tattha pāḷiyaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘iti vā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ, tattha <span class="bld">itī</span>ti pakāratthe nipāto, <span class="bld">vā</span>-iti vikappanatthe. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti iminā pakārena, ito aññe na vāti. Tena yāni ito bāhirakapabbajitā sippāyatanavijjāṭṭhānādīni jīvikopāyabhūtāni ājīvapakatā upajīvanti, tesaṃ pariggaho katoti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="centered">Mahāsīlavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Pubbantakappikasassatavādavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para28"></a><a name="para28_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">28</span>. <span class="bld">Bhikkhusaṅghena vuttavaṇṇo</span> nāma ‘‘yāvañcidaṃ tena bhagavatā’’tiādinā vuttavaṇṇo. Etthāyaṃ sambandho – na bhikkhave ettakā eva buddhaguṇā, ye tumhākaṃ pākaṭā, apākaṭā pana ‘‘atthi bhikkhave aññe dhammā’’ti vitthāro. Tattha ‘‘ime diṭṭhiṭṭhānā evaṃ gahitā’’tiādinā sassatādidiṭṭhiṭṭhānānaṃ yathāgahitākārasuññatabhāvappakāsanato, ‘‘tañca pajānanaṃ na parāmasatī’’ti sīlādīnañca aparāmāsaniyyānikabhāvadīpanena niccasārādivirahappakāsanato, yāsu vedanāsu avītarāgatāya bāhirakānaṃ etāni diṭṭhivipphanditāni sambhavanti, tesaṃ paccayabhūtānañca sammohādīnaṃ vedakakārakasabhāvābhāvadassanamukhena <a name="P1.0171"></a> sabbadhammānaṃ attattaniyatāvirahadīpanato, anupādāparinibbānadīpanato ca ayaṃ desanā suññatāvibhāvanappadhānāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘suññatāpakāsanaṃ ārabhī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Pariyattī</span>ti vinayādibhedabhinnā tanti. <span class="bld">Desanā</span>ti tassā tantiyā manasāvavatthāpitāya vibhāvanā, yathādhammaṃ dhammābhilāpabhūtā vā paññāpanā, anulomādivasena vā kathananti pariyattidesanānaṃ viseso pubbeyeva vavatthāpitoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘desanāyaṃ pariyattiya’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Evaṃ ādīsū</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena saccasabhāvasamādhipaññāpakatipuññaāpattiñeyyādayo saṅgayhanti. Tathā hi ayaṃ dhamma-saddo ‘‘catunnaṃ bhikkhave dhammānaṃ ananubodhā’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 2.186; a. ni. 4.1) sacce vattati, ‘‘kusalā dhammā akusalā dhammā’’tiādīsu (dha. sa. 1) sabhāve, ‘‘evaṃdhammā te bhagavanto ahesu’’ntiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 5.378) samādhimhi, ‘‘saccaṃ dhammo <a name="V1.0118"></a> dhiti cāgo, sa ve pecca na socatī’’tiādīsu (su. ni. 190) paññāya, ‘‘jātidhammānaṃ <a name="M1.0133"></a> bhikkhave sattānaṃ evaṃ icchā uppajjatī’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 3.373; paṭi. ma. 1.33) pakatiyaṃ, ‘‘dhammo suciṇṇo sukhamāvahātī’’tiādīsu (su. ni. 184; theragā. 303; jā. 1.10.102) puññe, ‘‘cattāro <a name="P1.0172"></a> pārājikā dhammā’’tiādīsu (pārā. 233) āpattiyaṃ, ‘‘sabbe dhammā sabbākārena buddhassa bhagavato ñāṇamukhe āpāthaṃ āgacchantī’’tiādīsu (mahāni. 156; cūḷani. 85; paṭi. ma. 3.6) ñeyye vattati (ma. ni. aṭṭha. 1.suttanikkhepavaṇṇanā; abhi. aṭṭha. 1.tikamātikāpadavaṇṇanā; bu. vaṃ. aṭṭha. ratanacaṅkamanakaṇḍavaṇṇanā). <span class="bld">Dhammā hontī</span>ti suññā dhammamattā hontīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Duddasā’’</span>ti eteneva tesaṃ dhammānaṃ dukkhogāhatā pakāsitā hoti. Sace pana koci attano pamāṇaṃ ajānanto ñāṇena te dhamme ogāhituṃ ussāhaṃ kareyya, tassa taṃ ñāṇaṃ appatiṭṭhameva makasatuṇḍasūci viya mahāsamuddeti āha <span class="bld">‘‘alabbhaneyyapatiṭṭhā’’</span>ti. Alabbhaneyyā patiṭṭhā etthāti alabbhaneyyapatiṭṭhāti padaviggaho veditabbo. Alabbhaneyyapatiṭṭhānaṃ ogāhituṃ asakkuṇeyyatāya ‘‘ettakā ete īdisā cā’’ti passituṃ na sakkāti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘gambhīrattā eva duddasā’’</span>ti. Ye pana daṭṭhumeva na sakkā, tesaṃ ogāhitvā anubujjhane kathā eva natthīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘duddasattā eva duranubodhā’’</span>ti. Sabbapariḷāhapaṭippassaddhimatthake samuppannattā, nibbutasabbapariḷāhasamāpattisamokiṇṇattā ca <span class="bld">nibbutasabbapariḷāhā. Santārammaṇāni</span> maggaphalanibbānāni anupasantasabhāvānaṃ kilesānaṃ saṅkhārānañca abhāvato. Atha vā samūhatavikkhepatāya niccasamāhitassa manasikārassa vasena tadārammaṇadhammānaṃ santabhāvo veditabbo kasiṇugghāṭimākāsatabbisayaviññāṇānaṃ anantabhāvo viya. Avirajjhitvā nimittapaṭivedho viya issāsānaṃ avirajjhitvā dhammānaṃ yathābhūtasabhāvabodho sāduraso mahāraso ca hotīti āha <span class="bld">atittikaraṇaṭṭhenā</span>ti. Paṭivedhappattānaṃ, tesu ca buddhānaṃyeva sabbākārena visayabhāvūpagamanato na takkabuddhiyā gocarāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘uttamañāṇavisayattā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">‘‘Nipuṇā’’</span>ti ñeyyesu tikkhavisadavuttiyā chekā. Yasmā pana so chekabhāvo ārammaṇe appaṭihatavuttitāya sukhumañeyyagahaṇasamatthatāya supākaṭo hoti, tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘saṇhasukhumasabhāvattā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparo nayo <a name="M1.0134"></a><a name="P1.0173"></a> – vinayapaṇṇattiādigambhīraneyyavibhāvanato <span class="bld">gambhīrā.</span> Kadāci asaṅkhyeyyamahākappe atikkamitvāpi dullabhadassanatāya <span class="bld">duddasā.</span> Dassanañcettha paññācakkhuvaseneva veditabbaṃ. Dhammanvayasaṅkhātassa anubodhassa kassacideva sambhavato <span class="bld">duranubodhā</span><a name="V1.0119"></a>. Santasabhāvato, veneyyānañca guṇasampadānaṃ pariyosānattā <span class="bld">santā.</span> Attano ca paccayehi padhānabhāvaṃ nītatāya <span class="bld">paṇītā.</span> Samadhigatasaccalakkhaṇatāya atakkehi, atakkena vā ñāṇena avacaritabbatāya <span class="bld">atakkāvacarā.</span> Nipuṇaṃ, nipuṇe vā atthe saccappaccayākārādivasena vibhāvanato <span class="bld">nipuṇā. </span> Loke aggapaṇḍitena sammāsambuddhena vedīyanti pakāsīyantīti <span class="bld">paṇḍitavedanīyā.</span> Anāvaraṇañāṇapaṭilābhato hi bhagavā ‘‘sabbavidū haṃ asmi, (dha. pa. 353; mahāva. 11; kathā. 405) dasabalasamannāgato bhikkhave tathāgato’’tiādinā (saṃ. ni. 2.21) attano sabbaññutādiguṇe pakāseti. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedetī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha kiñcāpi sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ phalanibbānāni viya sacchikātabbasabhāvaṃ na hoti, āsavakkhayañāṇe pana adhigate adhigatameva hotīti tassa paccakkhakaraṇaṃ sacchikiriyāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘abhivisiṭṭhena ñāṇena paccakkhaṃ katvā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Abhivisiṭṭhena ñāṇenā</span>ti ca hetuatthe karaṇavacanaṃ, abhivisiṭṭhañāṇādhigamahetūti attho. <span class="bld">Abhivisiṭṭhañāṇa</span>nti vā paccavekkhaṇañāṇe adhippete karaṇavacanampi yujjatiyeva. Pavedanañcettha aññāvisayānaṃ saccādīnaṃ desanākiccasādhanato, ‘‘ekomhi sammāsambuddho’’tiādinā (mahāva. 11; kathā. 405) paṭijānanato ca veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Vadamānā</span>ti <a name="P1.0174"></a> ettha sattiattho <span class="bld">māna</span>-saddo, vattuṃ ussāhaṃ karontoti attho. Evaṃbhūtā ca vattukāmā nāma hontīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vaṇṇaṃ vattukāmā’’</span>ti. Sāvasesaṃ vadantopi viparītaṃ vadanto viya ‘‘sammā vadatī’’ti na vattabboti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ahāpetvā’’</span>ti, tena anavasesattho idha <span class="bld">sammā</span>-saddoti dasseti. <span class="bld">‘‘Vattuṃ sakkuṇeyyu’’</span>nti iminā ‘‘vadeyyu’’nti sakatthadīpanabhāvamāha. Ettha ca kiñcāpi bhagavato dasabalādiñāṇānipi anaññasādhāraṇāni, sappadesavisayattā pana tesaṃ ñāṇānaṃ na tehi buddhaguṇā ahāpetvā gahitā nāma honti, nippadesavisayattā pana sabbaññutaññāṇassa <a name="M1.0135"></a> tasmiṃ gahite sabbepi buddhaguṇā gahitā eva nāma hontīti imamatthaṃ dasseti <span class="bld">‘‘yehi…pe… vadeyyu’’</span>nti. Puthūni ārammaṇāni etassāti <span class="bld">puthuārammaṇaṃ,</span> sabbārammaṇattāti adhippāyo. Atha vā puthuārammaṇārammaṇatoti etasmiṃ atthe ‘‘puthuārammaṇato’’ti vuttaṃ, ekassa ārammaṇa-saddassa lopaṃ katvā ‘‘oṭṭhamukho kāmāvacara’’nti ādīsu viya, tenassa puthuñāṇakiccasādhakataṃ dasseti. Tathā hetaṃ tīsu kālesu appaṭihatañāṇaṃ, catuyoniparicchedakañāṇaṃ, pañcagatiparicchedakañāṇaṃ, chasu asādhāraṇañāṇesu sesāsādhāraṇañāṇāni, sattaariyapuggalavibhāvakañāṇaṃ, aṭṭhasupi parisāsu akampanañāṇaṃ, navasattāvāsaparijānanañāṇaṃ, dasabalañāṇanti evamādīnaṃ anekasatasahassabhedānaṃ ñāṇānaṃ yathāsambhavaṃ kiccaṃ sādhetīti. <span class="bld">‘‘Punappunaṃ uppattivasenā’’</span>ti etena <a name="V1.0120"></a> sabbaññutaññāṇassa kamavuttitaṃ dasseti. Kamenāpi hi taṃ visayesu pavattati, na sakiṃyeva yathā bāhirakā vadanti ‘‘sakiṃyeva sabbaññū sabbaṃ jānāti, na kamenā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadi evaṃ acinteyyāparimeyyabhedassa ñeyyassa paricchedavatā ekena ñāṇena niravasesato kathaṃ paṭivedhoti, ko <a name="P1.0175"></a> vā evamāha ‘‘paricchedavantaṃ buddhañāṇa’’nti. Anantañhi taṃ ñāṇaṃ ñeyyaṃ viya. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘yāvatakaṃ ñeyyaṃ tāvatakaṃ ñāṇaṃ. Yāvatakaṃ ñāṇaṃ, tāvatakaṃ ñeyya’’nti (mahāni. 156; cūḷani. 85; paṭi. ma. 3.5). Evampi jātibhūmisabhāvādivasena disādesakālādivasena ca anekabhedabhinne ñeyye kamena gayhamāne anavasesapaṭivedho na sambhavati yevāti, nayidamevaṃ. Kasmā? Yaṃ kiñci bhagavatā ñātuṃ icchitaṃ sakalaṃ ekadeso vā. Tattha appaṭihatacāratāya paccakkhato ñāṇaṃ pavattati, vikkhepābhāvato ca bhagavā sabbakālaṃ samāhitova ñātuṃ, icchitassa paccakkhabhāvo na sakkā nivāretuṃ ‘‘ākaṅkhāpaṭibaddhaṃ buddhassa bhagavato ñāṇa’’ntiādi (mahāni. 156; cūḷani. 85; paṭi. ma. 3.5) vacanato, na cettha dūrato cittapaṭaṃ passantānaṃ viya, ‘‘sabbe dhammā anattā’’ti vipassantānaṃ viya ca anekadhammāvabodhakāle anirūpitarūpena bhagavato ñāṇaṃ pavattatīti gahetabbaṃ acinteyyānubhāvatāya buddhañāṇassa. Tenevāha ‘‘buddhavisayo acinteyyo’’ti <a name="M1.0136"></a> (a. ni. 4.77). Idaṃ panettha sanniṭṭhānaṃsabbākārena sabbadhammāvabodhanasamatthassa ākaṅkhāpaṭibaddhavuttino anāvaraṇañāṇassa paṭilābhena bhagavā santānena sabbadhammapaṭivedhasamattho ahosi sabbaneyyāvaraṇassa pahānato, tasmā sabbaññū, na sakiṃyeva sabbadhammāvabodhato<a name="P1.0176"></a>, yathā santānena sabbaindhanassa dahanasamatthatāya pāvako ‘‘sabbabhū’’ti vuccatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vavatthāpanavacana</span>nti sanniṭṭhāpanavacanaṃ, avadhāraṇavacananti attho. <span class="bld">Aññe vā</span>ti ettha avadhāraṇena nivattitaṃ dasseti <span class="bld">‘‘na pāṇātipātā veramaṇiādayo’’</span>ti, ayañca <span class="bld">eva</span>-saddo aniyatadesatāya ca-saddo viya yattha vutto, tato aññatthāpi vacanicchāvasena upatiṭṭhatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘gambhīrā vā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Sabbapadehī</span>ti yāva ‘‘paṇḍitavedanīyā’’ti idaṃ padaṃ, tāva sabbapadehi. <span class="bld">Sāvakapāramiñāṇa</span>nti sāvakānaṃ dānādipāripūriyā nipphannaṃ vijjattayachaḷabhiññācatuppaṭisambhidādibhedaṃ ñāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Tato</span>ti sāvakapāramiñāṇato. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti sāvakapāramiñāṇe. <span class="bld">Tatopī</span>ti anantaraniddiṭṭhato paccekabuddhañāṇatopi, ko pana vādo sāvakapāramiñāṇatoti adhippāyo. Etthāyaṃ atthayojanā – kiñcāpi sāvakapāramiñāṇaṃ heṭṭhimasekkhañāṇaṃ puthujjanañāṇañca upādāya gambhīraṃ, paccekabuddhañāṇaṃ upādāya na tathā gambhīranti <a name="V1.0121"></a> ‘‘gambhīramevā’’ti na sakkā vattuṃ. Tathā paccekabuddhañāṇampi sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ upādāyāti tattha vavatthānaṃ na labbhati, sabbaññutaññāṇadhammā pana sāvakapāramiñāṇādīnaṃ viya kiñci upādāya agambhīrabhāvābhāvato gambhīrā vāti. Yathā cettha vavatthānaṃ dassitaṃ, evaṃ sāvakapāramiñāṇaṃ duddasaṃ, paccekabuddhañāṇaṃ pana tato duddasataranti tattha vavatthānaṃ natthītiādinā vavatthānasabbhāvo netabbo. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘tathā duddasāva…pe… veditabba’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kasmā panetaṃ evaṃ āraddhaṃ</span>ti etthāyaṃ adhippāyo – bhavatu tāva niravasesabuddhaguṇavibhāvanūpāyabhāvato sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ ekampi puthunissayārammaṇañākiccasiddhiyā ‘‘atthi bhikkhave aññeva dhammā’’tiādinā bahuvacanena uddiṭṭhaṃ, tassa pana vissajjanaṃ saccapaccayākārādivisesavasena anaññasādhāraṇena vibhajananayena anārabhitvā sanissayānaṃ <a name="P1.0177"></a> diṭṭhīnaṃ vibhajanavasena kasmā āraddhanti. Tattha yathā saccapaccayākārādīnaṃ <a name="M1.0137"></a> vibhajanaṃ anaññasādhāraṇaṃ, sabbaññutaññāṇasseva visayo, evaṃ niravasesena diṭṭhigatavibhajanampīti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘buddhānañhī’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">ṭhānānī</span>ti kāraṇāni. <span class="bld">Gajjitaṃ mahantaṃ hotī</span>ti desetabbassa atthassa anekavidhatāya, duviññeyyatāya ca nānānayehi pavattamānaṃ desanāgajjitaṃ mahantaṃ vipulaṃ, bahubhedañca hoti. <span class="bld">Ñāṇaṃ anupavisatī</span>ti tato eva ca desanāñāṇaṃ desetabbadhamme vibhāgaso kurumānaṃ anupavisati, te anupavissa ṭhitaṃ viya hotīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Buddhañāṇassa mahantabhāvo paññāyatī</span>ti evaṃvidhassa nāma dhammassa desakaṃ paṭivedhakañcāti buddhānaṃ desanāñāṇassa paṭivedhañāṇassa ca uḷārabhāvo pākaṭo hoti. Ettha ca kiñcāpi ‘‘sabbaṃ vacīkammaṃ buddhassa bhagavato ñāṇapubbaṅgamaṃ ñāṇānuparivattī’’ti (mahāni. 69; cūḷani. 85; paṭi. ma. 3.5; netti. 14) vacanato sabbāpi bhagavato desanā ñāṇarahitā natthi, sīhasamānavuttitāya ca sabbattha samānussāhappavatti desetabbadhammavasena pana desanā visesato ñāṇena anupaviṭṭhā gambhīratarā ca hotīti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Kathaṃ pana vinayapaṇṇattiṃ patvā desanā tilakkhaṇāhatā suññatāpaṭisaṃyuttā hotīti? Tatthāpi ca sannisinnaparisāya ajjhāsayānurūpaṃ pavattamānā desanā saṅkhārānaṃ aniccatādivibhāvanī, sabbadhammānaṃ attattaniyatābhāvappakāsanī ca hoti. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘anekapariyāyena dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhūmantara</span>nti dhammānaṃ avatthāvisesañca ṭhānavisesañca. Tattha <span class="bld">avatthāviseso</span>satiādidhammānaṃ <a name="V1.0122"></a> satipaṭṭhānindriyabalabojjhaṅgamaggaṅgādibhedo. <span class="bld">Ṭhānaviseso</span> <a name="P1.0178"></a> kāmāvacarādibhedo. <span class="bld">Paccayākāra</span>padassa attho heṭṭhā vuttoyeva. <span class="bld">Samayantara</span>nti diṭṭhivisesā, nānāvihitā diṭṭhiyoti attho, aññasamayaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Evaṃ otiṇṇe vatthusmi</span>nti evaṃ lahukagarukādivasena tadanurūpe otiṇṇe vatthusmiṃ <span class="bld">sikkhāpadapaññāpanaṃ.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadipi kāyānupassanādivasena satipaṭṭhānādayo suttantapiṭakepi (dī. ni. 2.374; ma. ni. 1.107) vibhattā, suttantabhājanīyādivasena pana abhidhammeyeva te savisesaṃ vibhattāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ime cattāro satipaṭṭhānā…pe… abhidhammapiṭakaṃ vibhajitvā’’</span>ti. Tattha <span class="bld">‘‘satta phassā’’</span>ti sattaviññāṇadhātusampayogavasena vuttaṃ. Tathā <span class="bld">‘‘satta vedanā’’</span>tiādīsupi. <span class="bld">Lokuttarā dhammā nāmā</span>ti <a name="M1.0138"></a> ettha <span class="bld">iti</span>-saddo ādiattho, pakārattho vā, tena vuttāvasesaṃ abhidhamme āgataṃ dhammānaṃ vibhajitabbākāraṃ saṅgaṇhāti. Catuvīsati samantapaṭṭhānāni etthāti <span class="bld">catuvīsatisamantapaṭṭhānaṃ,</span> abhidhammapiṭakaṃ. Ettha paccayanayaṃ aggahetvā dhammavaseneva samantapaṭṭhānassa catuvīsatividhatā vuttā. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Tikañca paṭṭhānavaraṃ dukuttamaṃ,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Dukatikañceva tikadukañca;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Tikatikañceva dukadukañca,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Cha anulomamhi nayā sugambhīrā. (paṭṭhā. 1.paccayaniddesa 41, 44, 48, 52);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā –</p>
<p class="gatha1">Tikañca…pe… cha paccanīyamhi nayā sugambhīrā;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Tikañca…pe… cha anulomapaccanīyamhi nayā sugambhīrā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tikañca…pe… paccanīyānulomamhi nayā sugambhīrā’’ti. (paṭṭhā. 1.paccayaniddesa 44, 52);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ dhammavasena catuvīsatibhedesu tikapaṭṭhānādīsu ekekaṃ paccayanayena anulomādivasena catubbidhaṃ hotīti channavuti samantapaṭṭhānāni. Tattha pana dhammānulome tikapaṭṭhāne kusalattike paṭiccavāre paccayānulome <a name="P1.0179"></a> hetumūlake hetupaccayavasena ekūnapaññāsa pucchānayā satta vissajjananayāti <a name="V1.0123"></a> ādinā dassiyamānā anantabhedā nayāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘anantanaya’’</span>nti. Hoti cettha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Paṭṭhānaṃ nāma paccekaṃ dhammānaṃ anulomādimhi tikadukādīsu yā paccayamūlavisiṭṭhā catunayato sattadhā gatī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Navahākārehī</span>ti uppādādīhi navahi paccayākārehi. Tattha uppajjati etasmā phalanti <span class="bld">uppādo,</span> uppattiyā kāraṇabhāvo. Sati ca avijjāya saṅkhārā uppajjanti, na asati, tasmā <span class="bld">avijjā saṅkhārānaṃ uppādo hutvā paccayo hoti.</span> Tathā avijjāya sati saṅkhārā pavattanti dharanti, nivisanti ca, te avijjāya sati phalaṃ bhavādīsu khipanti, āyūhanti phaluppattiyā ghaṭanti, saṃyujjanti attano phalena, yasmiṃ santāne sayañca uppannā, taṃ palibundhanti, paccayantarasamavāye udayanti uppajjanti, hinoti ca saṅkhārānaṃ kāraṇabhāvaṃ gacchati, paṭicca avijjaṃ saṅkhārā ayanti pavattantīti evaṃ avijjāya saṅkhārānaṃ <a name="M1.0139"></a> kāraṇabhāvūpagamanavisesā uppādādayo veditabbā. Tathā saṅkhārādīnaṃ viññāṇādīsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uppādaṭṭhitī</span>tiādīsu ca tiṭṭhati etenāti ṭhiti, kāraṇaṃ. Uppādo eva ṭhiti <span class="bld">uppādaṭṭhiti.</span> Esa nayo sesesupi. Yasmā ayonisomanasikāro, ‘‘āsavasamudayā avijjāsamudayo’’ti (ma. ni. 1.103) vacanato āsavā ca avijjāya paccayo, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ubhopete dhammā paccayasamuppannā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Paccayapariggahe paññā</span>ti saṅkhārānaṃ avijjāya ca uppādādike paccayākāre paricchinditvā gahaṇavasena pavattā paññā. <span class="bld">Dhammaṭṭhitiñāṇa</span>nti dhammānaṃ paccayuppannānaṃ paccayabhāvato dhammaṭṭhitisaṅkhāte paṭiccasamuppāde ñāṇaṃ. Paccayadhammā hi paṭiccasamuppāde ‘‘dvādasa paṭiccasamuppādā’’ti vacanato <a name="P1.0180"></a> dvādasa paccayā. Ayañca nayo na paccuppanne eva, atha kho atītānāgatakālepi, na ca avijjāya eva saṅkhāresu, atha kho saṅkhārādīnampi viññāṇādīsu labbhatīti paripuṇṇaṃ katvā paccayākārassa vibhattabhāvaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘atītampi addhāna’’</span>ntiādi pāḷiṃ ārabhi. Paṭṭhāne (paṭṭhā. 1.paccayaniddesa 1) dassitā hetādipaccayā evettha uppādādipaccayākārehi gahitāti te yathāsambhavaṃ nīharitvā yojetabbā, ativitthārabhayena pana na yojayimha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tassa tassa dhammassā</span>ti tassa tassa saṅkhārādipaccayuppannadhammassa. <span class="bld">Tathā tathā paccayabhāvenā</span>ti uppādādihetādipaccayabhāvena. Atītapaccuppannānāgatavasena tayo addhā kālā etassāti <a name="V1.0124"></a> <span class="bld">tiyaddhaṃ.</span> Hetuphalaphalahetuhetuphalavasena tayo sandhī etassāti <span class="bld">tisandhiṃ.</span> Saṅkhippanti ettha avijjādayo viññāṇādayo cāti saṅkhepo, kammaṃ vipāko ca. Saṅkhippanti etthāti vā saṅkhepo, avijjādayo viññāṇādayo ca. Koṭṭhāsapariyāyo vā <span class="bld">saṅkhepa</span>-saddo. Atīte kammasaṅkhepādivasena cattāro saṅkhepā etassāti <span class="bld">catusaṅkhepaṃ. </span> Sarūpato avuttāpi tasmiṃ tasmiṃ saṅkhepe ākirīyanti avijjāsaṅkhārādiggahaṇehi pakāsīyantīti ākārā, atīte hetuādīnaṃ vā pakārā ākārā, te saṅkhepe pañca pañca katvā vīsatiākārā etassāti <span class="bld">vīsatākāraṃ.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext">Khattiyādibhedena anekabhedabhinnāpi sassatavādino jātisatasahassānussaraṇādino abhinivesahetuno vasena cattārova honti<a name="M1.0140"></a>, na tato uddhaṃ adhoti sassatavādādīnaṃ parimāṇaparicchedassa anaññavisayataṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘cattāro janā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">cattāro janā</span>ti cattāro janasamūhā. <span class="bld">Idaṃ nissāyā</span>ti idaṃ idappaccayatāya sammā aggahaṇaṃ, tatthāpi ca hetuphalabhāvena sambandhānaṃ <a name="P1.0181"></a> santatighanassa abheditattā paramatthato vijjamānampi bhedanibandhanaṃ nānattanayaṃ anupadhāretvā gahitaṃ ekattaggahaṇaṃ nissāya. <span class="bld">Idaṃ gaṇhantī</span>ti idaṃ sassataggahaṇaṃ abhinivissa voharanti, iminā nayena ekaccasassatavādādayopettha yathāsambhavaṃ yojetvā vattabbā. <span class="bld">Bhinditvā</span>ti ‘‘ātappamanvāyā’’tiādinā vibhajitvā ‘‘tayidaṃ bhikkhave tathāgato pajānātī’’tiādinā vimadditvā <span class="bld">nijjaṭaṃ nigumbaṃ katvā</span> diṭṭhijaṭāvijaṭanena diṭṭhigumbavivaraṇena ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Tasmā’’</span>tiādinā buddhaguṇe ārabbha desanāya samuṭṭhitattā sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ uddisitvā desanākusalo bhagavā samayantaraviggāhaṇavasena sabbaññutaññāṇameva vissajjetīti dasseti. <span class="bld">‘‘Santī’’</span>ti iminā tesaṃ diṭṭhigatikānaṃ vijjamānatāya avicchinnataṃ, tato ca nesaṃ micchāgāhato sithilakaraṇavivecanehi attano desanāya kiccakāritaṃ, avitathatañca dīpeti dhammarājā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para29"></a><a name="para29_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">29</span>. <span class="bld">Atthī</span>ti ‘‘saṃvijjantī’’ti iminā samānattho puthuvacanavisayo eko nipāto ‘‘atthi imasmiṃ kāye kesā’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 2.377; ma. ni. 1.110; ma. ni. 3.154; saṃ. ni. 4.127; khu. pā. 3.1) viya. Sassatādivasena pubbantaṃ kappentīti <span class="bld">pubbantakappikā.</span> Yasmā pana te taṃ pubbantaṃ purimasiddhehi taṇhādiṭṭhikappehi kappetvā, āsevanabalavatāya vicittavuttitāya ca vikappetvā aparabhāgasiddhehi abhinivesabhūtehi taṇhādiṭṭhiggāhehi gaṇhanti abhinivisanti parāmasanti, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pubbantaṃ</span> <a name="V1.0125"></a> <span class="bld">kappetvā vikappetvā gaṇhantī’’</span>ti. Taṇhupādānavasena vā kappanaggahaṇāni veditabbāni. Taṇhāpaccayā hi upādānaṃ. <span class="bld">Koṭṭhāsesū</span>ti <a name="P1.0182"></a> ettha koṭṭhāsādīsūti attho veditabbo. Padapūraṇasamīpaummaggādīsupi hi <span class="bld">anta</span>-saddo dissati. Tathā hi ‘‘iṅgha tvaṃ suttante vā gāthāyo vā abhidhammaṃ vā pariyāpuṇassu (pāci. 442), suttante okāsaṃ kārāpetvā’’ti (pāci. 1221) ca ādīsu padapūraṇe anta-saddo vattati, gāmantaṃ osareyya, (pārā. 409; cūḷava. 343) gāmantasenāsana’’ntiādīsu samīpe<a name="M1.0141"></a>, ‘‘kāmasukhallikānuyogo eko anto, atthīti kho kaccāna ayameko anto’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 2.15; 3.90) ummaggeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kappa-saddo mahākappasamantabhāvakilesakāmavitakkakālapaññattisadisabhāvādīsu vattatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sambahulesu atthesu vattatī’’</span>ti. Tathā hesa ‘‘cattārimāni bhikkhave kappassa asaṅkhyeyyānī’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 4.156) mahākappe vattati, ‘‘kevalakappaṃ veḷuvanaṃ obhāsetvā’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 1.94) samantabhāve, ‘‘saṅkappo kāmo, rāgo kāmo, saṅkapparāgo kāmo’’tiādīsu (mahāni. 1; cūḷani. 8) kilesakāme, ‘‘takko vitakko saṅkappo’’tiādīsu (dha. sa. 7) vitakke, ‘‘yena <a name="P1.0183"></a> sudaṃ niccakappaṃ viharāmī’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.387) kāle, ‘‘iccāyasmā kappo’’tiādīsu (su. ni. 1090; cūḷani. 113) paññattiyaṃ, ‘‘satthukappena vata kira bho sāvakena saddhiṃ mantayamānā na jānimhā’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.260) sadisabhāve vattatīti. <span class="bld">Vuttampi ceta</span>nti mahāniddesaṃ (mahāni. 28) sandhāyāha. <span class="bld">Taṇhādiṭṭhivasenā</span>ti diṭṭhiyā upanissayabhūtāya sahajātāya abhinandanabhūtāya ca taṇhāya, sassatādiākārena abhinivisantassa micchāgāhassa ca vasena. Pubbenivutthadhammavisayāya kappanāya adhippetattā atītakālavācako idha pubba-saddo, rūpādikhandhavinimuttassa kappanāvatthuno abhāvā anta-saddo ca bhāgavācakoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘atītaṃ khandhakoṭṭhāsa’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">‘‘Kappetvā’’</span>ti ca tasmiṃ pubbante taṇhāyanābhinivesānaṃ samatthanaṃ pariniṭṭhāpanamāha. <span class="bld">Ṭhitā</span>ti tassā laddhiyā avijahanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ārabbhā</span>ti ālambitvā. Visayo hi tassā diṭṭhiyā pubbanto. Visayabhāvato eva hi so tassā āgamanaṭṭhānaṃ, ārammaṇapaccayo cāti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘āgamma paṭiccā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Adhivacanapadānī</span>ti paññattipadāni. Dāsādīsu sirivaḍḍhakādi-saddā viya vacanamattameva adhikāraṃ katvā pavattiyā adhivacanaṃ paññatti. Atha vā adhi-saddo uparibhāve, vuccatīti vacanaṃ, upari vacanaṃ adhivacanaṃ, upādābhūtarūpādīnaṃ upari paññāpiyamānā upādāpaññattīti attho<a name="V1.0126"></a>, tasmā paññattidīpakapadānīti attho daṭṭhabbo. Paññattimattañhetaṃ vuccati, yadidaṃ ‘‘attā, loko’’ti ca, na rūpavedanādayo viya paramattho. Adhikavuttitāya vā adhivuttiyoti diṭṭhiyo vuccanti. Adhikañhi <a name="P1.0184"></a> sabhāvadhammesu sassatādiṃ <a name="M1.0142"></a> pakatiādidabbādiṃ jīvādiṃ kāyādiñca abhūtamatthaṃ ajjhāropetvā diṭṭhiyo pavattantīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para30"></a><a name="para30_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">30</span>. <span class="bld">Abhivadantī</span>ti ‘‘idameva saccaṃ, moghamañña’’nti (ma. ni. 2.187, 203, 427; ma. ni. 3.27, 29) abhinivisitvā vadanti ‘‘ayaṃ dhammo, nāyaṃ dhammo’’tiādinā vivadanti. Abhivadanakiriyāya ajjāpi avicchedabhāvadassanatthaṃ vattamānakālavacanaṃ. Diṭṭhi eva <span class="bld">diṭṭhigataṃ</span> ‘‘muttagataṃ, (ma. ni. 2.119; a. ni. 9.11) saṅkhāragata’’ntiādīsu (mahāni. 41) viya. Gantabbābhāvato vā diṭṭhiyā gatamattaṃ, diṭṭhiyā gahaṇamattanti attho. Diṭṭhippakāro vā <span class="bld">diṭṭhigataṃ.</span> Lokiyā hi vidhayuttagatapakāra-sadde samānatthe icchanti. Ekekasmiñca ‘‘attā’’ti, ‘‘loko’’ti ca gahaṇavisesaṃ upādāya paññāpanaṃ hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘rūpādīsu aññataraṃ attā ca loko cāti gahetvā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Amaraṃ niccaṃ dhuva</span>nti sassatavevacanāni. Maraṇābhāvena vā <span class="bld">amaraṃ,</span> uppādābhāvena sabbathāpi atthitāya <span class="bld">niccaṃ,</span> thiraṭṭhena vikārābhāvena <span class="bld">dhuvaṃ. </span> <span class="bld">‘‘Yathāhā’’</span>tiādinā yathāvuttamatthaṃ niddesapaṭisambhidāpāḷīhi vibhāveti. Ayañca attho ‘‘rūpaṃ attato samanupassati, vedanaṃ, saññaṃ, saṅkhāre, viññāṇaṃ attato samanupassatī’’ti imissā pañcavidhāya sakkāyadiṭṭhiyā vasena vutto. ‘‘Rūpavantaṃ attāna’’ntiādikāya pana pañcadasavidhāya sakkāyadiṭṭhiyā vasena cattāro cattāro khandhe ‘‘attā’’ti gahetvā tadaññaṃ ‘‘loko’’ti paññapentīti ayampi attho labbhati. Tathā ekaṃ khandhaṃ <a name="P1.0185"></a>’’attā’’ti gahetvā tadaññe attano upabhogabhūto lokoti, sasantatipatite vā khandhe ‘‘attā’’ti gahetvā tadaññe ‘‘loko’’ti paññapentīti evampettha attho daṭṭhabbo. Etthāha – sassato vādo etesanti kasmā vuttaṃ, nanu tesaṃ attā loko ca sassatoti adhippeto, na vādo ti? Saccametaṃ, sassatasahacaritatāya pana ‘‘vādo sassato’’ti vuttaṃ yathā ‘‘kuntā pacarantī’’ti. Sassato iti vādo etesanti vā iti-saddalopo daṭṭhabbo. Atha vā sassataṃ vadanti ‘‘idameva sacca’’nti abhinivissa voharantīti sassatavādā, sassatadiṭṭhinoti evampettha attho daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para31"></a><a name="para31_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">31</span>. <span class="bld">Ātāpanaṃ</span> <a name="M1.0143"></a> kilesānaṃ vibādhanaṃ pahānaṃ. <span class="bld">Padahanaṃ</span> kosajjapakkhe patituṃ adatvā cittassa ussahanaṃ. <span class="bld">Anuyogo</span> yathā samādhi visesabhāgiyataṃ pāpuṇāti, evaṃ vīriyassa bahulīkaraṇaṃ. Idha upacārappanācittaparidamanavīriyānaṃ adhippetattā āha <span class="bld">‘‘tippabhedaṃ vīriya’’</span>nti<a name="V1.0127"></a>. Nappamajjati etenāti <span class="bld">appamādo,</span> asammoso. Sammā upāyena manasi karoti kammaṭṭhānaṃ etenāti <span class="bld">sammāmanasikāro</span> ñāṇanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vīriyañca satiñca ñāṇañcā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti ‘‘ātappa…pe… manasikāraṃ anvāyā’’ti imasmiṃ pāṭhe. Sīlavisuddhiyā saddhiṃ catunnaṃ rūpāvacarajjhānānaṃ adhigamanapaṭipadā vattabbā, sā pana visuddhimagge vitthārato vuttāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘saṅkhepattho’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">‘‘Tathārūpa’’</span>nti cuddasavidhehi cittadamanehi rūpāvacaracatutthajjhānassa damitataṃ vadati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Samādhānādiaṭṭhaṅgasamannāgatarūpāvacaracatutthajjhānassa yogino samādhivijambhanabhūtā lokiyābhiññā <span class="bld">jhānānubhāvo. ‘‘Jhānādīna’’</span>nti idaṃ jhānalābhissa visesena jhānadhammā āpāthaṃ āgacchanti, taṃmukhena sesadhammāti imamatthaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Janakabhāvaṃ paṭikkhipati.</span> Sati hi janakabhāve rūpādidhammānaṃ viya sukhādidhammānaṃ viya, ca paccayāyattavuttitāya uppādavantatā <a name="P1.0186"></a> viññāyati, uppāde ca sati avassambhāvī nirodhoti anavakāsāva niccatā siyāti. <span class="bld">Kūṭaṭṭha</span>-saddo vā loke accantanicce niruḷho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">‘‘Esikaṭṭhāyiṭṭhito’’</span>ti etena yathā esikā vātappahārādīhi na calati, evaṃ na kenaci vikāraṃ āpajjatīti vikārābhāvamāha, <span class="bld">‘‘kūṭaṭṭho’’</span>ti iminā pana aniccatābhāvaṃ. Vikāropi vināsoyevāti āha, <span class="bld">‘‘ubhayenapi lokassa vināsābhāvaṃ dīpetī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">‘‘Vijjamānamevā’’</span>ti etena kāraṇe phalassa atthibhāvadassanena abhibyattivādaṃ dīpeti. <span class="bld">Nikkhamatī</span>ti ca abhibyattiṃ gacchatīti attho. Kathaṃ pana vijjamānoyeva pubbe anabhibyatto abhibyattiṃ gacchatīti? Yathā andhakārena paṭicchanno ghaṭo ālokena abhibyattiṃ gacchati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idamettha vicāretabbaṃ – kiṃ karonto āloko ghaṭaṃ pakāsetīti vuccati, yadi ghaṭavisayaṃ buddhiṃ karonto, buddhiyā anuppannāya uppattidīpanato abhibyattivādo hāyati. Atha ghaṭabuddhiyā āvaraṇabhūtaṃ andhakāraṃ vidhamanto, evampi abhibyattivādo hāyatiyeva. Sati hi ghaṭabuddhiyā andhakāro kathaṃ tassā āvaraṇaṃ hotīti, yathā ghaṭassa <a name="M1.0144"></a> abhibyatti na yujjati, evaṃ attanopi. Tatthāpi hi yadi indriyavisayādisannipātena anuppannāya buddhiyā uppatti, uppattivacaneneva abhibyattivādo hāyati, tathā sassatavādo. Atha buddhippavattiyā āvaraṇabhūtassa andhakāraṭṭhāniyassa mohassa vidhamanena. Sati buddhiyā kathaṃ moho āvaraṇanti, kiñci bhedasambhavato. Na hi abhibyañjanakānaṃ candasūriyamaṇipadīpādīnaṃ bhedena abhibyañjitabbānaṃ ghaṭādīnaṃ bhedo hoti, hoti ca visayabhedena buddhibhedoti bhiyyopi abhibyatti na yujjatiyeva, na cettha vuttikappanā yuttā vuttiyā vuttimato ca anaññathānujānanatoti<a name="V1.0128"></a>. <span class="bld">Te</span> <a name="P1.0187"></a> <span class="bld">ca sattā sandhāvantī</span>ti ye idha manussabhāvena avaṭṭhitā, teyeva devabhāvādiupagamanena ito aññattha gacchanti, aññathā katassa kammassa vināso, akatassa ca abbhāgamo āpajjeyyāti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aparāpara</span>nti aparasmā bhavā aparaṃ bhavaṃ. <span class="bld">Evaṃ saṅkhyaṃ gacchantī</span>ti attano niccasabhāvattā na cutūpapattiyo, sabbabyāpitāya nāpi sandhāvanasaṃsaraṇāni, dhammānaṃyeva pana pavattivisesena evaṃ saṅkhyaṃ gacchanti, evaṃ voharīyantīti adhippāyo. Etena avaṭṭhitasabhāvassa attano, dhammino ca dhammamattaṃ uppajjati ceva vinassati cāti imaṃ vipariṇāmavādaṃ dasseti. Yaṃ panettha vattabbaṃ, taṃ parato vakkhāma. <span class="bld">Attano vādaṃ bhindatī</span>ti sandhāvanādivacanasiddhāya aniccatāya pubbe paṭiññātaṃ sassatavādaṃ bhindati, viddhaṃsetīti attho. <span class="bld">Sassatisama</span>nti vā etassa sassataṃ thāvaraṃ niccakālanti attho daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Hetuṃ dassento</span>ti yesaṃ ‘‘sassato’’ti attānañca lokañca paññapeti ayaṃ diṭṭhigatiko, tesaṃ hetuṃ dassentoti attho. Na hi attano diṭṭhiyā paccakkhakatamatthaṃ attanoyeva sādheti, attano pana paccakkhakatena atthena attano appaccakkhabhūtampi atthaṃ sādheti. Attanā hi yathānicchitaṃ parehi viññāpeti, na anicchitaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Hetuṃ dassento’’</span>ti ettha idaṃ hetudassanaṃ – etesu anekesu jātisatasahassesu ekovāyaṃ me attā, loko ca anussaraṇasabbhāvato. Yo hi yamatthaṃ anubhavati, so eva taṃ anussarati, na añño. Na hi aññena anubhūtamatthaṃ añño anussarituṃ sakkoti yathā taṃ buddharakkhitena anubhūtaṃ dhammarakkhito. Yathā cetāsu, evaṃ ito purimatarāsupi jātīsūti. Kasmā sassato me attā ca loko <a name="M1.0145"></a> ca. Yathā ca me, evaṃ aññesampi sattānaṃ sassato attā ca loko cāti? Sassatavasena diṭṭhigahanaṃ pakkhando <a name="P1.0188"></a> diṭṭhigatiko parepi tattha patiṭṭhapeti, pāḷiyaṃ pana ‘‘anekavihitāni adhivuttipadāni abhivadanti. So evaṃ āhā’’ti ca vacanato parānumānavasena idha hetudassanaṃ adhippetanti viññāyati. <span class="bld">Kāraṇa</span>nti tividhaṃ kāraṇaṃ sampāpakaṃ nibbattakaṃ ñāpakanti. Tattha ariyamaggo nibbānassa sampāpakaṃ kāraṇaṃ, bījaṃ aṅkurassa nibbattakaṃ kāraṇaṃ, paccayuppannatādayo aniccatādīnaṃ ñāpakaṃ kāraṇaṃ, idhāpi ñāpakakāraṇameva adhippetaṃ. Ñāpako hi ñāpetabbatthavisayassa ñāṇassa hetubhāvato kāraṇanti. Tadāyattavuttitāya taṃ ñāṇaṃ tiṭṭhati tatthāti <span class="bld">‘‘ṭhāna’’</span>nti, vasati tattha pavattatīti <span class="bld">‘‘vatthū’’</span>ti ca vuccati. Tathā hi bhagavatā vatthu-saddena uddisitvāpi ṭhānasaddena niddiṭṭhanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para32-33"></a><a name="para32-33_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">32-33</span>. Dutiyatatiyavādānaṃ <a name="V1.0129"></a> paṭhamavādato natthi viseso ṭhapetvā kālavisesanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘upari vādadvayepi eseva nayo’’</span>ti. Yadi evaṃ kasmā sassatavādo catudhā vibhatto, nanu adhiccasamuppannikavādo viya duvidheneva vibhajitabbo siyāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘mandapañño hi titthiyo’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para34"></a><a name="para34_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">34</span>. <span class="bld">Takkayatī</span>ti ūhayati, sassatādiākārena tasmiṃ tasmiṃ ārammaṇe cittaṃ abhiniropetīti attho. <span class="bld">Takko</span>ti ākoṭanalakkhaṇo vinicchayalakkhaṇo vā diṭṭhiṭṭhānabhūto vitakko. <span class="bld">Vīmaṃsā</span> nāma vicāraṇā, sā panettha atthato paññāpatirūpako lobhasahagatacittuppādo, micchābhiniveso vā ayonisomanasikāro, pubbabhāge vā diṭṭhivipphanditanti daṭṭhabbā. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘tulanā ruccanā khamanā’’</span>ti. Pariyāhananaṃ vitakkassa ārammaṇaūhanaṃ evāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tena tena pakārena takketvā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Anuvicarita</span>nti <a name="P1.0189"></a> vīmaṃsāya anupavattitaṃ, vīmaṃsānugatena vā vicārena anumajjitaṃ. Paṭi paṭi bhātīti paṭibhānaṃ, yathāsamihitākāravisesavibhāvako cittuppādo. Paṭibhānato jātaṃ paṭibhānaṃ, sayaṃ attano paṭibhānaṃ <span class="bld">sayaṃ paṭibhānaṃ.</span> Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘attano paṭibhānamattasañjāta’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Matta</span>-saddena visesādhigamādayo nivatteti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Anāgatepi</span> <a name="M1.0146"></a> <span class="bld">evaṃ bhavissatī’’</span>ti idaṃ na idhādhippetatakkīvaseneva vuttaṃ, lābhītakkino evampi sambhavatīti sambhavadassanavasena vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Yaṃ kiñci attanā paṭiladdhaṃ rūpādi sukhādi ca idha labbhatīti lābho, na jhānādiviseso. <span class="bld">‘‘Evaṃ sati idaṃ hotī’’</span>ti aniccesu bhāvesu añño karoti, añño paṭisaṃvedetīti āpajjati, tathā ca sati katassa vināso, akatassa ca abbhāgamo siyā. Niccesu pana bhāvesu yo karoti, so paṭisaṃvedetīti na doso āpajjatīti takkikassa yuttigavesanākāraṃ dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Takkamattenevā</span>ti āgamādhigamādīnaṃ anussavādīnañca abhāvā suddhatakkeneva. Nanu ca visesalābhinopi sassatavādino attano visesādhigamahetu anekesu jātisatasahassesu dasasu saṃvaṭṭavivaṭṭesu cattālīsāya saṃvaṭṭavivaṭṭesu yathānubhūtaṃ attano santānaṃ tappaṭibaddhañca ‘‘attā, loko’’ti ca anussaritvā tato purimapurimatarāsupi jātīsu tathābhūtassa atthitānuvitakkanamukhena sabbesampi sattānaṃ tathābhāvānuvitakkanavaseneva sassatābhinivesino jātā, evañca sati sabbopi sassatavādī anussutijātissaratakkikā viya attano upaladdhavatthunibandhanena takkanena pavattavādattā takkīpakkheyeva tiṭṭheyya, avassañca vuttappakāraṃ takkanamicchitabbaṃ<a name="V1.0130"></a>, aññathā visesalābhī sassatavādī ekaccasassatikapakkhaṃ, adhiccasamuppannikapakkhaṃ vā bhajeyyāti<a name="P1.0190"></a>? Na kho panetaṃ evaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ, yasmā visesalābhīnaṃ khandhasantānassa dīghadīghataradīghatamakālānussaraṇaṃ sassataggāhassa asādhāraṇakāraṇaṃ. Tathā hi ‘‘anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarāmi. Imināmahametaṃ jānāmī’’ti anussaraṇameva padhānakāraṇabhāvena dassitaṃ. Yaṃ pana tassa ‘‘imināmahametaṃ jānāmī’’ti pavattaṃ takkanaṃ, na taṃ idha padhānaṃ anussaraṇaṃ pati tassa appadhānabhūtattā. Yadi evaṃ anussavādīnampi padhānabhāvo āpajjatīti ce? Na, tesaṃ sacchikiriyāya abhāvena takkapadhānattā, padhānakāraṇena ca niddeso niruḷho sāsane loke ca yathā ‘‘cakkhuviññāṇaṃ, yavaṅkuro’’ti ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha vā visesādhigamanibandhanarahitassa takkanassa visuṃ sassataggāhe kāraṇabhāvadassanatthaṃ visesādhigamo visuṃ sassataggāhakāraṇaṃ vattabbo<a name="M1.0147"></a>, so ca mandamajjhatikkhapaññāvasena tividhoti bhagavatā sabbatakkino takkībhāvasāmaññena ekajjhaṃ gahetvā catudhā vavatthāpito sassatavādo. Yadipi anussavādivasena takkikānaṃ viya mandapaññādīnampi hīnādivasena anekabhedasabbhāvato visesalābhīnampi bahudhā bhedo sambhavati, sabbe pana visesalābhino mandapaññādivasena tayo rāsī katvā tattha ukkaṭṭhavasena anekajātisatasahassadasasaṃvaṭṭavivaṭṭacattārīsasaṃvaṭṭavivaṭṭānussaraṇena ayaṃ vibhāgo vutto. Tīsupi rāsīsu ye hīnamajjhapaññā, te vuttaparicchedato ūnakameva anussaranti. Ye pana tattha ukkaṭṭhapaññā, te vuttaparicchedaṃ atikkamitvā nānussarantīti evaṃ panāyaṃ desanā. Tasmā aññatarabhedasaṅgahavaseneva <a name="P1.0191"></a> bhagavatā cattāriṭṭhānāni vibhattānīti vavatthitā sassatavādīnaṃ catubbidhatā. Na hi idha sāvasesaṃ dhammaṃ deseti dhammarājā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para35"></a><a name="para35_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">35</span>. <span class="bld">‘‘Aññatarenā’’</span>ti etassa atthaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ekenā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Vā</span>-saddassa pana aniyamatthataṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘dvīhi vā tīhi vā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Tena catūsu ṭhānesu yathārahaṃ ekaccaṃ ekaccassa paññāpane sahakārīkāraṇanti dasseti. Kiṃ panetāni vatthūni abhinivesassa hetu, udāhu patiṭṭhāpanassa. Kiñcettha yadi tāva abhinivesassa, kasmā anussaraṇatakkanāniyeva gahitāni, na saññāvipallāsādayo. Tathāhi viparītasaññā ayonisomanasikāraasappurisūpanissayaasaddhammassavanādīni micchādiṭṭhiyā pavattanaṭṭhānāni. Atha patiṭṭhāpanassa adhigamayuttiyo viya āgamopi vatthubhāvena vattabbo, ubhayatthāpi ‘‘natthi ito bahiddhā’’ti vacanaṃ na yujjatīti? Na. Kasmā? Abhinivesapakkhe tāva ayaṃ diṭṭhigatiko <a name="V1.0131"></a> asappurisūpanissayaasaddhammassavanehi ayoniso ummujjitvā vipallāsasañño rūpādidhammānaṃ khaṇe khaṇe bhijjanasabhāvassa anavabodhato dhammayuttiṃ atidhāvanto ekattanayaṃ micchā gahetvā yathāvuttānussaraṇatakkehi khandhesu ‘‘sassato attā ca loko cā’’ti (dī. ni. 1.31) abhinivesaṃ janesi. Iti āsannakāraṇattā, padhānakāraṇattā, taggahaṇeneva ca itaresampi gahitattā anussaraṇatakkanāniyeva idha gahitāni. Patiṭṭhāpanapakkhe pana āgamopi yuttipakkheyeva ṭhito visesato bāhirakānaṃ takkagāhibhāvatoti anussaraṇatakkanāniyeva <a name="M1.0148"></a> diṭṭhiyā vatthubhāvena gahitāni. Kiñca bhiyyo duvidhaṃ lakkhaṇaṃ paramatthadhammānaṃ sabhāvalakkhaṇaṃ sāmaññalakkhaṇañcāti. Tattha sabhāvalakkhaṇāvabodho paccakkhañāṇaṃ, sāmaññalakkhaṇāvabodho <a name="P1.0192"></a> anumānañāṇaṃ, āgamo ca sutamayāya paññāya sādhanato anumānañāṇameva āvahati, sutānaṃ pana dhammānaṃ ākāraparivitakkanena nijjhānakkhantiyaṃ ṭhito cintāmayaṃ paññaṃ nibbattetvā anukkamena bhāvanāya paccakkhañāṇaṃ adhigacchatīti evaṃ āgamopi takkavisayaṃ nātikkamatīti taggahaṇena gahitovāti veditabbo. So aṭṭhakathāyaṃ anussutitakkaggahaṇena vibhāvitoti yuttaṃ evidaṃ ‘‘natthi ito bahiddhā’’ti. ‘‘Anekavihitāni adhivuttipadāni abhivadanti, sassataṃ attānañca lokañca paññapentī’’ti (dī. ni. 1.30) ca vacanato patiṭṭhāpanavatthūni idhādhippetānīti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para36"></a><a name="para36_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">36</span>. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhiyeva diṭṭhiṭṭhānaṃ</span> paramavajjatāya anekavihitānaṃ anatthānaṃ hetubhāvato. Yathāha ‘‘micchādiṭṭhiparamāhaṃ bhikkhave vajjaṃ vadāmī’’ti (a. ni. 1.310) <span class="bld">‘‘yathāhā’’</span>tiādinā paṭisambhidāpāḷiyā (paṭi. ma. 1.124) diṭṭhiyā ṭhānavibhāgaṃ dasseti. Tattha <span class="bld">khandhāpi diṭṭhiṭṭhānaṃ</span> ārammaṇaṭṭhena ‘‘rūpaṃ attato samanupassatī’’tiādi (saṃ. ni. 3.81, 345) vacanato. <span class="bld">Avijjāpi diṭṭhiṭṭhānaṃ</span> upanissayādibhāvena pavattanato. Yathāha ‘‘assutavā bhikkhave puthujjano ariyānaṃ adassāvī ariyadhammassa akovido’’tiādi (ma. ni. 1.2; paṭi. ma. 1.130). <span class="bld">Phassopi diṭṭhiṭṭhānaṃ. </span> Yathā cāha ‘‘tadapi phassapaccayā, (dī. ni. 1.118 ādayo) phussa phussa paṭisaṃvedentī’’ti (dī. ni. 1.144) ca<a name="P1.0193"></a>. <span class="bld">Saññāpi diṭṭhiṭṭhānaṃ.</span> Vuttañcetaṃ ‘‘saññānidānā hi papañcasaṅkhā, (su. ni. 880; mahāni. 109) pathavito saññatvā’’ti (ma. ni. 1.2) ca ādi. <span class="bld">Vitakkopi diṭṭhiṭṭhānaṃ. </span> Vuttampi cetaṃ ‘‘takkañca diṭṭhīsu pakappayitvā, saccaṃ musāti dvayadhammamāhū’’ti (su. ni. 892) ‘‘takkī hoti vīmaṃsī’’ti (dī. ni. 1.34) ca ādi. <span class="bld">Ayonisomanasikāropi diṭṭhiṭṭhānaṃ.</span> Tenāha bhagavā ‘‘tassa evaṃ ayoniso manasi karoto channaṃ diṭṭhīnaṃ aññatarā diṭṭhi uppajjati. ‘Atthi me attā’ti vā assa saccato thetato <a name="V1.0132"></a> diṭṭhi uppajjatī’’tiādi (ma. ni. 1.19). Samuṭṭhāti etenāti samuṭṭhānaṃ samuṭṭhānabhāvo <span class="bld">samuṭṭhānaṭṭho. Pavattitā</span>ti parasantānesu uppāditā. <span class="bld">Pariniṭṭhāpitā</span>ti abhinivesassa pariyosānaṃ <a name="M1.0149"></a> matthakaṃ pāpitāti attho. <span class="bld">‘‘Ārammaṇavasenā’’</span>ti aṭṭhasu diṭṭhiṭṭhānesu khandhe sandhāyāha. <span class="bld">Pavattanavasenā</span>ti avijjādayo. <span class="bld">Āsevanavasenā</span>ti pāpamittaparatoghosādīnampi sevanaṃ labbhatiyeva. Atha vā <span class="bld">evaṃgatikā</span>ti evaṃgamanā, evaṃniṭṭhāti attho. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – ime diṭṭhisaṅkhātā diṭṭhiṭṭhānā evaṃ paramatthato asantaṃ attānaṃ sassatabhāvañcassa ajjhāropetvā gahitā, parāmaṭṭhā ca bālalapanā yāva paṇḍitā na samanuyuñjanti, tāva gacchanti pavattanti. Paṇḍitehi samanuyuñjiyamānā pana anavaṭṭhitavatthukā avimaddakkhamā sūriyuggamane ussāvabindū <a name="P1.0194"></a> viya khajjopanakā viya ca bhijjanti vinassanti cāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatthāyaṃ anuyuñjane saṅkhepakathā – yadi hi parena parikappito attā loko vā sassato siyā, tassa nibbikāratāya purimarūpāvijahanato kassaci visesādhānassa kātuṃ asakkuṇeyyatāya ahitato nivattanatthaṃ, hite ca paṭipattiatthaṃ upadeso eva nippayojano siyā sassatavādino, kathaṃ vā so upadeso pavattīyati vikārābhāvato, evañca attano ajaṭākāsassa viya dānādikiriyā hiṃsādikiriyā ca na sambhavati. Tathā sukhassa dukkhassa anubhavananibandho eva sassatavādino na yujjati kammabaddhābhāvato, jātiādīnañca asambhavato kuto vimokkho, atha pana dhammamattaṃ tassa uppajjati ceva vinassati ca, yassa vasenāyaṃ kiriyādivohāroti vadeyya, evampi purimarūpāvijahanena avaṭṭhitassa attano dhammamattanti na sakkā sambhāvetuṃ, te vā panassa dhammā avatthābhūtā aññe vā siyuṃ anaññe vā. Yadi aññe, na tāhi tassa uppannāhipi koci viseso atthi. Yāhi karoti paṭisaṃvedeti cavati upapajjati cāti icchitaṃ, tasmā tadavattho eva yathāvuttadoso. Kiñca dhammakappanāpi niratthikā siyā, athānaññe uppādavināsavantīhi avatthāhi anaññassa attano tāsaṃ viya uppādavināsasabbhāvato kuto niccatāvakāso, tāsampi vā attano viya niccatāti bandhavimokkhānaṃ asambhavo evāti na yujjatiyeva sassatavādo. Na cettha koci vādī dhammānaṃ sassatabhāve parisuddhaṃ yuttiṃ vattuṃ samattho, yuttirahitañca vacanaṃ <a name="P1.0195"></a> na paṇḍitānaṃ cittaṃ ārādhetīti. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘yāva paṇḍitā na samanuyuñjanti, tāva gacchanti pavattantī’’ti. Kammavasena abhimukho sampareti etthāti <span class="bld">abhisamparāyo,</span> paroloko.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Sabbaññutaññāṇañcā’’</span>ti <a name="M1.0150"></a> idaṃ idha sabbaññutaññāṇassa vibhajiyamānattā vuttaṃ, tasmiṃ vā <a name="V1.0133"></a> vutte tadadhiṭṭhānato āsavakkhayañāṇaṃ, tadavinābhāvato sabbampi vā bhagavato dasabalādiñāṇaṃ gahitameva hotīti katvā. <span class="bld">Pajānantopī</span>ti <span class="bld">pi</span>-saddo sambhāvane, tena <span class="bld">‘‘tañcā’’</span>ti ettha vuttaṃ ca-saddatthamāha. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – taṃ diṭṭhigatato uttaritaraṃ sārabhūtaṃ sīlādiguṇavisesampi tathāgato nābhinivisati, ko pana vādo vaṭṭāmiseti. <span class="bld">‘‘Aha’’</span>nti diṭṭhivasena vā taṃ parāmasanākāramāha. <span class="bld">Pajānāmī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">iti</span>-saddo pakārattho, tena ‘‘mama’’nti taṇhāvasena parāmasanākāraṃ dasseti. Dhammasabhāvaṃ atikkamitvā parato āmasanaṃ <span class="bld">parāmāso.</span> Na hi taṃ atthi, khandhesu yaṃ ‘‘aha’’nti vā, ‘‘mama’’nti vā gahetabbaṃ siyā. Yo pana parāmāso taṇhādayova, te ca bhagavato bodhimūleyeva pahīnāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘parāmāsakilesāna’’</span>ntiādi. <span class="bld">Aparāmāsato</span>ti vā nibbutivedanassa hetuvacanaṃ, <span class="bld">‘‘viditā’’</span>ti idaṃ padaṃ apekkhitvā kattari sāmivacanaṃ, aparāmasanahetu parāmāsarahitāya paṭipattiyā tathāgatena sayameva asaṅkhatadhātu adhigatāti evaṃ vā ettha attho daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Yāsu vedanāsū’’</span>tiādinā bhagavato desanāvilāsaṃ dasseti. Tathā hi khandhāyatanādivasena anekavidhāsu catusaccadesanāsu sambhavantīsupi ayaṃ tathāgatānaṃ desanāsu paṭipatti, yaṃ diṭṭhigatikā micchāpaṭipattiyā diṭṭhigahanaṃ pakkhandāti dassanatthaṃ vedanāyeva pariññāya bhūmidassanatthaṃ <a name="P1.0196"></a> uddhaṭā. <span class="bld">Kammaṭṭhāna</span>nti catusaccakammaṭṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Yathābhūtaṃ viditvā</span>ti vipassanāpaññāya vedanāya samudayādīni ārammaṇapaṭivedhavasena maggapaññāya asammohapaṭivedhavasena jānitvā, paṭivijjhitvāti attho. <span class="bld">Paccayasamudayaṭṭhenā</span>ti ‘‘imasmiṃ sati idaṃ hoti, imassuppādā idaṃ uppajjatī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.404; saṃ. ni. 2.21; udā. 1) vuttalakkhaṇena avijjādīnaṃ paccayānaṃ uppādena ceva maggena asamugghātena ca. <span class="bld">Nibbattilakkhaṇa</span>nti uppādalakkhaṇaṃ, jātinti attho. <span class="bld">Pañcannaṃ lakkhaṇāna</span>nti ettha catunnaṃ paccayānampi uppādalakkhaṇameva gahetvā vuttanti gahetabbaṃ, yasmā paccayalakkhaṇampi labbhatiyeva, tathā ceva saṃvaṇṇitaṃ. <span class="bld">Paccayanirodhaṭṭhenā</span>ti etthāpi vuttanayānusārena attho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Ya</span>nti yasmā, <span class="bld">yaṃ</span> vā sukhaṃ somanassaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭiccā</span>ti ārammaṇapaccayādibhūtaṃ <a name="M1.0151"></a> vedanaṃ labhitvā. <span class="bld">Aya</span>nti sukhasomanassānaṃ paccayabhāvo, sukhasomanassameva vā, ‘‘assādo’’ti padaṃ pana apekkhitvā pulliṅganiddeso. Ayañhettha saṅkhepattho – purimuppannaṃ vedanaṃ ārabbha somanassuppattiyaṃ yo purimavedanāya assādetabbākāro somanassassādanākāro, ayaṃ assādoti. Kathaṃ pana vedanaṃ ārabbha sukhaṃ uppajjatīti? Cetasikasukhassa adhippetattā nāyaṃ doso. Visesanaṃ hettha somanassaggahaṇaṃ sukhaṃ somanassanti ‘‘rukkho siṃsapā’’ti yathā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Aniccā’’</span>ti <a name="V1.0134"></a> iminā saṅkhāradukkhatāvasena upekkhāvedanāya, sabbavedanāsuyeva vā ādīnavamāha, itarehi itaradukkhatāvasena yathākkamaṃ dukkhasukhavedanānaṃ, avisesena vā tīṇipi padāni sabbāsampi vedanānaṃ vasena yojetabbāni. <span class="bld">Aya</span>nti yo vedanāya hutvā abhāvaṭṭhena <a name="P1.0197"></a> aniccabhāvo, udayabbayapaṭipīḷanaṭṭhena dukkhabhāvo, jarāya maraṇena cāti dvedhā vipariṇāmetabbabhāvo ca, ayaṃ vedanāya ādīnavo, yato vā ādīnaṃ paramakāruññaṃ vāti pavattatīti. <span class="bld">Vedanāya nissaraṇa</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">vedanāyā</span>ti nissakkavacanaṃ, yāva vedanāpaṭibaddhaṃ chandarāgaṃ na pajahati, tāvāyaṃ puriso vedanaṃ allīnoyeva hoti. Yadā pana taṃ chandarāgaṃ pajahati, tadāyaṃ puriso vedanāya nissaṭo visaṃyutto hotīti chandarāgappahānaṃ vedanāya nissaraṇaṃ vuttaṃ. Ettha ca vedanāggahaṇena vedanāya sahajātanissayārammaṇabhūtā ca rūpārūpadhammā gahitā eva hontīti pañcannampi upādānakkhandhānaṃ gahaṇaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Vedanāsīsena pana desanā āgatā, tattha kāraṇaṃ vuttameva, lakkhaṇahāranayena vā ayamattho vibhāvetabbo. Tattha vedanāggahaṇena gahitā pañcupādānakkhandhā dukkhasaccaṃ, vedanānaṃ samudayaggahaṇena gahitā avijjādayo samudayasaccaṃ, atthaṅgamanissaraṇapariyāyehi nirodhasaccaṃ, ‘‘yathābhūtaṃ viditvā’’ti etena maggasaccanti evamettha cattāri saccāni veditabbāni. Kāmupādānamūlakattā sesupādānānaṃ, pahīne ca kāmupādāne upādānasesābhāvato <span class="bld">‘‘vigatachandarāgatāya anupādāno’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Anupādāvimutto</span>ti attano maggaphalappattiṃ bhagavā dasseti. ‘‘Vedanāna’’ntiādinā hi yassā dhammadhātuyā suppaṭividdhattā imaṃ diṭṭhigataṃ sakāraṇaṃ sagatikaṃ pabhedato vibhajituṃ samattho ahosi<a name="M1.0152"></a>, tassa sabbaññutaññāṇassa saddhiṃ pubbabhāgapaṭipadāya uppattibhūmiṃ dasseti dhammarājā.</p>
<p class="centered">Paṭhamabhāṇavāravaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Ekaccasassatavādavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para38"></a><a name="para38_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">38</span>. Sattesu saṅkhāresu ca ekaccaṃ sassataṃ etassāti ekaccasassato, ekaccasassatavādo. So etesaṃ atthīti <span class="bld">ekaccasassatikā</span><a name="P1.0198"></a>. Te pana yasmā ekaccasassato vādo diṭṭhi etesanti ekaccasassatavādā nāma honti, tasmā tamatthaṃ dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘ekaccasassatavādā’’</span>ti. Iminā nayena <span class="bld">ekaccaasassatikā</span> dipadassapi attho veditabbo. Nanu <a name="V1.0135"></a> ca ‘‘ekaccasassatikā’’ti vutte tadaññassa ekaccassa asassatatāsanniṭṭhānaṃ siddhameva hotīti? Saccaṃ siddhameva hoti atthato, na pana saddato. Tasmā supākaṭaṃ katvā dassetuṃ ‘‘ekaccaasassatikā’’ti vuttaṃ. Na hi idha sāvasesaṃ katvā dhammaṃ deseti dhammassāmī. <span class="bld">Idhā</span>ti ‘‘ekaccasassatikā’’ti imasmiṃ pade. <span class="bld">Gahitā</span>ti vuttā, tathā ceva attho dassito. <span class="bld">Idhā</span>ti vā imissā desanāya. Tathā hi purimakā tayo vādā sattavasena, catuttho saṅkhāravasena vibhatto. <span class="bld">‘‘Saṅkhārekaccasassatikā’’</span>ti idaṃ tehi sassatabhāvena gayhamānānaṃ dhammānaṃ yāthāvasabhāvadassanavasena vuttaṃ, na panekaccasassatikamatadassanavasena. Tassa hi sassatābhimataṃ asaṅkhatamevāti laddhi. Tenevāha ‘‘cittanti vā…pe… ṭhassatī’’ti. Na hi yassa bhāvassa paccayehi abhisaṅkhatabhāvaṃ paṭijānāti, tasseva niccadhuvādibhāvo anummattakena sakkā paṭiññātuṃ. Etena ‘‘uppādavayadhuvatāyuttabhāvā siyā niccā, siyā aniccā siyā na vattabbā’’tiādinā pavattassa sattabhaṅgavādassa ayuttatā vibhāvitā hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatthāyaṃ ayuttatāvibhāvanā – yadi ‘‘yena sabhāvena yo dhammo atthīti vuccati, teneva sabhāvena so dhammo natthī’’tiādinā vucceyya, siyā anekantavādo. Atha aññena, siyā na anekantavādo. Na cettha desantarādisambandhabhāvo yutto vattuṃ tassa sabbalokasiddhattā, vivādābhāvato<a name="M1.0153"></a>. Ye pana vadanti ‘‘yathā suvaṇṇaghaṭena makuṭe kate ghaṭabhāvo nassati, makuṭabhāvo <a name="P1.0199"></a> uppajjati, suvaṇṇabhāvo tiṭṭhatiyeva, evaṃ sabbabhāvānaṃ koci dhammo nassati, koci dhammo uppajjati, sabhāvo pana tiṭṭhatī’’ti. Te vattabbā ‘‘kiṃ taṃ suvaṇṇaṃ, yaṃ ghaṭe makuṭe ca avaṭṭhitaṃ, yadi rūpādi, so saddo viya anicco. Atha rūpādi samūho, samūho nāma sammutimattaṃ. Na tassa atthitā natthitā niccatā vā labbhatī’’ti anekantavādo na siyā. Dhammānañca dhammino aññathānaññathāsu doso vuttoyeva sassatavādavicāraṇāyaṃ. Tasmā so tattha vuttanayeneva veditabbo. Apica niccāniccanavattabbarūpo attā loko ca paramatthato vijjamānatāpaṭijānanato yathā niccādīnaṃ aññataraṃ rūpaṃ, yathā vā dīpādayo. Na hi dīpādīnaṃ udayabbayasabhāvānaṃ niccāniccanavattabbasabhāvatā sakkā viññātuṃ, jīvassa niccādīsu aññataraṃ rūpaṃ viyāti evaṃ sattabhaṅgassa viya sesabhaṅgānampi asambhavoyevāti sattabhaṅgavādassa ayuttatā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca ‘‘issaro nicco, aññe sattā aniccā’’ti evaṃ pavattavādā sattekaccasassatikā seyyathāpi issaravādā. ‘‘Paramāṇavo niccā dhuvā, aṇukādayo aniccā’’ti evaṃ pavattavādā saṅkhārekaccasassatikā seyyathāpi kāṇādā. Nanu ‘‘ekacce dhammā <a name="V1.0136"></a> sassatā, ekacce asassatā’’ti etasmiṃ vāde cakkhādīnaṃ asassatatāsanniṭṭhānaṃ yathāsabhāvāvabodho eva, tayidaṃ kathaṃ micchādassananti, ko vā evamāha ‘‘cakkhādīnaṃ asassatabhāvasanniṭṭhānaṃ micchādassana’’nti? Asassatesuyeva pana kesañci dhammānaṃ sassatabhāvābhiniveso idha micchādassanaṃ. Tena pana ekavāre pavattamānena cakkhādīnaṃ asassatabhāvāvabodho <a name="P1.0200"></a> vidūsito saṃsaṭṭhabhāvato visasaṃsaṭṭho viya sappimaṇḍo sakiccakaraṇāsamatthatāya sammādassanapakkhe ṭhapetabbataṃ nārahatīti. Asassatabhāvena nicchitāpi vā cakkhuādayo samāropitajīvasabhāvā eva diṭṭhigatikehi gayhantīti tadavabodhassa micchādassanabhāvo na sakkā nivāretuṃ. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘cakkhuṃ itipi…pe… kāyo itipi ayaṃ me attā’’</span>tiādi. Evañca katvā asaṅkhatāya saṅkhatāya ca dhātuyā vasena yathākkamaṃ ‘‘ekacce dhammā sassatā, ekacce asassatā’’ti evaṃ pavatto <a name="M1.0154"></a> vibhajjavādopi ekaccasassatavādo āpajjatīti evaṃpakārā codanā anavakāsā hoti aviparītadhammasabhāvasampaṭipattibhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāmañcettha purimavādepi asassatānaṃ dhammānaṃ ‘‘sassatā’’ti gahaṇaṃ visesato micchādassanaṃ, sassatānaṃ pana ‘‘sassatā’’ti gāho na micchādassanaṃ yathāsabhāvaggahaṇabhāvato. Asassatesuyeva pana ‘‘kecideva dhammā sassatā, keci asassatā’’ti gahetabbadhammesu vibhāgappavattiyā imassa vādassa vādantaratā vuttā, na cettha ‘‘samudāyantogadhattā ekadesassa sappadesasassataggāho nippadesasassataggāhe samodhānaṃ gacchatī’’ti sakkā vattuṃ vādī tabbisayavisesavasena vādadvayassa pavattattā. Aññe eva hi diṭṭhigatikā ‘‘sabbe dhammā sassatā’’ti abhiniviṭṭhā, aññe ‘‘ekaccasassatā’’ti. Saṅkhārānaṃ anavasesapariyādānaṃ, ekadesapariggaho ca vādadvayassa paribyattoyeva. Kiñca bhiyyo anekavidhasamussaye ekavidhasamussaye ca khandhapabandhe abhinivesabhāvato. Catubbidhopi hi sassatavādī jātivisesavasena nānāvidharūpakāyasannissaye eva arūpadhammapuñje sassatābhinivesī jāto abhiññāṇena anussavādīhi ca rūpakāyabhedaggahaṇato. Tathā ca vuttaṃ ‘‘tato cuto amutra udapādi’’nti (dī. ni. 1.32) ‘‘cavanti upapajjantī’’ti ca ādi. Visesalābhī <a name="P1.0201"></a> ekaccasassatiko anupadhāritabhedasamussayeva dhammapabandhe sassatākāraggahaṇena abhinivisanaṃ janesi ekabhavapariyāpannakhandhasantānavisayattā tadabhinivesassa. Tathā ca tīsupi vādesu ‘‘taṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati, tato paraṃ nānussaratī’’ti ettakameva vuttaṃ, takkīnaṃ pana sassatekaccasassatavādīnaṃ sassatābhinivesaviseso rūpārūpadhammavisayatāya supākaṭoyevāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para39"></a><a name="para39_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">39</span>. <span class="bld">Dīghassa</span> <a name="V1.0137"></a> <span class="bld">kālassa atikkamenā</span>ti vivaṭṭavivaṭṭaṭṭhāyīnaṃ apagamena. Anekatthattā dhātūnaṃ <span class="bld">saṃ</span>-saddena yutto <span class="bld">vaṭṭa</span>-saddo vināsavācīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vinassatī’’</span>ti, saṅkhayavasena vattatīti attho. Vipattikaramahāmeghasamuppattito paṭṭhāya hi yāva aṇusahagatopi saṅkhāro na hoti, tāva loko saṃvaṭṭatīti vuccati. <span class="bld">Loko</span>ti cettha pathavīādibhājanaloko adhippeto. <span class="bld">Uparibrahmalokesū</span>ti parittasubhādīsu <a name="M1.0155"></a> rūpībrahmalokesu. Agginā hi kappavuṭṭhānaṃ idhādhippetaṃ bahulaṃ pavattanato. Tenevāha bhagavā ‘‘ābhassarasaṃvattanikā hontī’’ti. <span class="bld">Arūpesu</span> <span class="bld">vā</span>ti <span class="bld">vā</span>-saddena saṃvaṭṭamānalokadhātūhi aññalokadhātūsu vāti vikappanaṃ veditabbaṃ. Na hi ‘‘sabbe apāyasattā tadā rūpārūpabhavesu uppajjantī’’ti sakkā viññātuṃ apāyesu dīghatamāyukānaṃ manussalokūpattiyā asambhavato. Satipi sabbasattānaṃ abhisaṅkhāramanasā nibbattabhāve bāhirapaccayehi vinā manasāva nibbattattā ‘‘manomayā’’ti vuccanti rūpāvacarasattā. Yadi evaṃ kāmabhave opapātikasattānampi manomayabhāvo āpajjatīti? Nāpajjati adhicittabhūtena atisayamanasā nibbattasattesu manomayavohāratoti dassanto āha <span class="bld">‘‘jhānamanena nibbattattā manomayā’’</span>ti. Evaṃ arūpāvacarasattānampi manomayabhāvo āpajjatīti ce? Na, tattha <a name="P1.0202"></a> bāhirapaccayehi nibbattetabbatāsaṅkāya eva abhāvato, ‘‘manasāva nibbattā’’ti avadhāraṇāsambhavato. Niruḷho vāyaṃ loke manomayavohāro rūpāvacarasattesu. Tathā hi ‘‘annamayo pānamayo manomayo ānandamayo viññāṇamayo’’ti pañcadhā attānaṃ vedavādino vadanti. Ucchedavādepi vakkhati ‘‘dibbo rūpī manomayo’’ti (dī. ni. 1.86). Sobhanā pabhā etesu santīti <span class="bld">subhā. ‘‘Ukkaṃsenā’’</span>ti ābhassaradeve sandhāyāha, parittābhā appamāṇābhā pana dve cattāro ca kappe tiṭṭhanti. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhakappe</span>ti aṭṭha mahākappe.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para40"></a><a name="para40_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">40</span>. <span class="bld">Saṇṭhātī</span>ti sampattikaramahāmeghasamuppattito paṭṭhāya pathavīsandhārakudakataṃsandhārakavāyumahāpathavīādīnaṃ samuppattivasena ṭhāti, ‘‘sambhavati’’ icceva vā attho anekatthattā dhātūnaṃ. <span class="bld">Pakatiyā</span>ti sabhāvena, tassa ‘‘suñña’’nti iminā sambandho. Tattha kāraṇamāha <span class="bld">‘‘nibbattasattānaṃ natthitāyā’’</span>ti, anuppannattāti attho, tena yathā ekaccāni vimānāni tattha nibbattasattānaṃ cutattā suññāni honti, na evamidanti dasseti. Brahmapārisajjabrahmapurohitamahābrahmāno brahmakāyikā, tesaṃ nivāso bhūmipi <span class="bld">‘‘brahmakāyikā’’</span>ti vuttā. Kammaṃ upanissayavasena paccayo etissāti <span class="bld">kammapaccayā.</span> Atha vā tattha nibbattasattānaṃ vipaccanakakammassa sahakārīpaccayabhāvato, kammassa paccayāti <span class="bld">kammapaccayā</span><a name="M1.0156"></a>. Utu samuṭṭhānaṃ etissāti <span class="bld">utusamuṭṭhānā. ‘‘Kammapaccayautusamuṭṭhānā’’</span>ti vā pāṭho, kammasahāyo paccayo, kammassa vā sahāyabhūto paccayo kammapaccayo<a name="P1.0203"></a>, sova utu kammapaccayautu, so samuṭṭhānaṃ etissāti <a name="V1.0138"></a> yojetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti ‘‘brahmavimāna’’nti vuttāya brahmakāyikabhūmiyā. Kathaṃ paṇītāya dutiyajjhānabhūmiyaṃ ṭhitānaṃ hīnāya paṭhamajjhānabhūmiyā upapatti hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘atha sattāna’’</span>ntiādi. <span class="bld">Otarantī</span>ti upapajjanavasena heṭṭhābhūmiṃ gacchanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Appāyuke</span>ti yaṃ uḷāraṃ puññakammaṃ kataṃ, tassa uppajjanārahavipākapabandhato appaparimāṇāyuke. <span class="bld">Āyuppamāṇenevā</span>ti paramāyuppamāṇeneva. Kiṃ panetaṃ paramāyu nāma, kathaṃ vā taṃ paricchinnapamāṇanti? Vuccate – yo tesaṃ tesaṃ sattānaṃ tasmiṃ tasmiṃ bhavavisese purimasiddhabhavapatthanūpanissayavasena sarīrāvayavavaṇṇasaṇṭhānapamāṇādivisesā viya taṃtaṃgatinikāyādīsu yebhuyyena niyataparicchedo gabbhaseyyakakāmāvacaradevarūpāvacarasattānaṃ sukkasoṇitautubhojanādi utuādipaccayuppannapaccayūpatthambhito vipākapabandhassa ṭhitikālaniyamo, so yathāsakaṃ khaṇamattāvaṭṭhāyīnampi attano sahajātānaṃ rūpārūpadhammānaṃ ṭhapanākāravuttitāya pavattakāni rūpārūpajīvitindriyāni yasmā na kevalaṃ nesaṃ khaṇaṭhitiyā eva kāraṇabhāvena anupālakāni, atha kho yāva bhavaṅgupacchedā anupabandhassa avicchedahetubhāvenāpi, tasmā āyuhetukattā kāraṇūpacārena āyu, ukkaṃsaparicchedavasena paramāyūti ca vuccati. Taṃ pana devānaṃ nerayikānaṃ uttarakurukānañca niyataparicchedaṃ, uttarakurukānaṃ pana ekantaniyataparicchedameva, avasiṭṭhamanussapetatiracchānānaṃ pana ciraṭṭhitisaṃvattanikakammabahule kāle taṃkammasahitasantānajanitasukkasoṇitappaccayānaṃ taṃmūlakānañca candasūriyasamavisamaparivattanādijanitautuāhārādisamavisama paccayānaṃ vasena <a name="P1.0204"></a> cirācirakālato aniyataparicchedaṃ, tassa ca yathā purimasiddhabhavapatthanāvasena taṃtaṃgatinikāyādīsu vaṇṇasaṇṭhānādivisesaniyamo siddho dassanānussavādīhi, tathā ādito gahaṇasiddhiyā. Evaṃ tāsu tāsu upapattīsu nibbattasattānaṃ yebhuyyena samappamāṇaṭṭhitikālaṃ dassanānussavehi labhitvā taṃ paramataṃ ajjhosāya pavattitabhavapatthanāvasena ādito paricchedaniyamo veditabbo. Yasmā pana kammaṃ tāsu <a name="M1.0157"></a> tāsu upapattīsu yathā taṃtaṃupapattiniyatavaṇṇādinibbattane samatthaṃ, evaṃ niyatāyuparicchedāsu upapattīsu paricchedātikkamena vipākanibbattane samatthaṃ na hoti, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘āyuppamāṇeneva cavantī’’</span>ti. Yasmā pana upatthambhakasahāyehi anupālakappaccayehi upādinnakakkhandhānaṃ pavattetabbākāro atthato paramāyu, tassa yathāvuttaparicchedānatikkamanato satipi kammāvasese ṭhānaṃ na sambhavati, tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘attano puññabaleneva ṭhātuṃ na sakkotī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Kappaṃ vā</span>ti asaṅkhyeyyakappaṃ vā tassa upaḍḍhaṃ vā upaḍḍhakappato ūnamadhikaṃ vāti vikappanattho <span class="bld">vā</span>-saddo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para41"></a><a name="para41_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">41</span>. <span class="bld">Anabhiratī</span>ti <a name="V1.0139"></a> ekavihārena anabhirati. Sā pana yasmā aññehi samāgamicchā hoti, tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘aparassāpi sattassa āgamanapatthanā’’</span>ti. Piyavatthuvirahena piyavatthualābhena vā cittavighāto <span class="bld">ukkaṇṭhitā,</span> sā atthato domanassacittuppādo yevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘paṭighasampayuttā’’</span>ti. Dīgharattaṃ jhānaratiyā ramamānassa vuttappakāraṃ anabhiratinimittaṃ uppannā ‘‘mama’’nti ca ‘‘aha’’nti ca gahaṇassa kāraṇabhūtā taṇhādiṭṭhiyo idha <span class="bld">paritassanā.</span> Tā pana cittassa purimāvatthāya calanaṃ kampananti <a name="P1.0205"></a> āha <span class="bld">‘‘ubbijjanā phandanā’’</span>ti. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘taṇhātassanāpi diṭṭhitassanāpi vaṭṭatī’’</span>ti. Yaṃ pana atthuddhāre ‘‘aho vata aññepi sattā itthattaṃ āgaccheyyunti ayaṃ taṇhātassanā nāmā’’ti vuttaṃ, taṃ diṭṭhitassanāya visuṃ udāharaṇaṃ dassentena taṇhātassanaṃyeva tato niddhāretvā vuttaṃ, na pana tattha diṭṭhitassanāya abhāvatoti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Tāsatassanā</span> cittutrāso. <span class="bld">Bhayānaka</span>nti bheravārammaṇanimittaṃ balavabhayaṃ. Tena sarīrassa thaddhabhāvo <span class="bld">chambhitattaṃ bhayaṃ saṃvega</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">bhaya</span>nti bhaṅgānupassanāya ciṇṇante sabbasaṅkhārato bhāyanavasena uppannaṃ bhayañāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṃvega</span>nti sahottappañāṇaṃ, ottappameva vā. <span class="bld">Santāsa</span>nti ādīnavanibbidānupassanāhi saṅkhārehi santassanañāṇaṃ. Saha byāyati pavattati, dosaṃ vā chādetīti sahabyo, sahāyo, tassa bhāvaṃ <span class="bld">sahabyataṃ.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para42"></a><a name="para42_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">42</span>. <span class="bld">Abhibhavitvā ṭhito</span> ime satteti adhippāyo. Yasmā pana so pāsaṃsabhāvena uttamabhāvena ca ‘‘te satte abhibhavitvā ṭhito’’ti attānaṃ maññati, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘jeṭṭhakohamasmī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Aññadatthu daso</span>ti <a name="M1.0158"></a> dassane antarāyābhāvavacanena, ñeyyavisesapariggāhikabhāvena ca anāvaraṇadassāvitaṃ paṭijānātīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbaṃ passāmīti attho’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Bhūtabhabyāna</span>nti ahesunti bhūtā, bhavanti bhavissantīti bhabyā, aṭṭhakathāyaṃ pana vattamānakālavaseneva bhabya-saddassa attho dassito. <span class="bld">Paṭhamacittakkhaṇe</span>ti paṭisandhicittakkhaṇe. Kiñcāpi so brahmā anavaṭṭhitadassanattā puthujjanassa purimatarajātiparicitampi kammassakataññāṇaṃ vissajjetvā vikubbaniddhivasena cittuppattimattapaṭibaddhena <a name="P1.0206"></a> sattanimmānena vipallaṭṭho ‘‘ahaṃ issaro kattā nimmātā’’tiādinā issarakuttadassanaṃ pakkhandamāno abhinivisanavaseneva patiṭṭhito, na patiṭṭhāpanavasena ‘‘tassa evaṃ hotī’’ti vuttattā, patiṭṭhāpanakkameneva pana tassa so abhiniveso jātoti dassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kāraṇato sādhetukāmo’’</span>ti, <span class="bld">‘‘paṭiññaṃ katvā’’</span>ti ca vuttaṃ. Tenāha bhagavā ‘‘taṃ kissa hetū’’tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">manopaṇidhī</span>ti manasā eva patthanā, tathā cittappavattimattamevāti attho, <span class="bld">itthabhāva</span>nti idappakārataṃ. Yasmā pana itthanti brahmattabhāvo idhādhippeto, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘brahmabhāvanti attho’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Nanu ca devānaṃ upapattisamanantaraṃ ‘‘imissā nāma gatiyā cavitvā iminā nāma kammunā <a name="V1.0140"></a> idhūpapannā’’ti paccavekkhaṇā hotīti? Saccaṃ hoti, sā pana purimajātīsu kammassakataññāṇe sammadeva niviṭṭhajjhāsayānaṃ. Ime pana sattā purimāsupi jātīsu issarakuttadassanavasena vinibandhābhinivesā ahesunti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘iminā maya’’</span>ntiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para43"></a><a name="para43_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">43</span>. Īsatīti īso, abhibhūti attho. Mahā īso maheso, suppatiṭṭhamahesatāya pana parehi ‘‘maheso’’ti akkhātabbatāya mahesakkho, atisayena mahesakkho <span class="bld">mahesakkhataro</span>ti vacanattho daṭṭhabbo. Yasmā pana so mahesakkhabhāvo ādhipateyyaparivārasampattiyā viññāyati, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘issariyaparivāravasena mahāyasataro’’</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para44"></a><a name="para44_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">44</span>. <span class="bld">Idheva āgacchatī</span>ti imasmiṃ manussaloke eva paṭisandhivasena āgacchati. <span class="bld">Yaṃ aññataro satto</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">ya</span>nti nipātamattaṃ, karaṇe vā paccattaniddeso, yena ṭhānenāti attho, kiriyāparāmasanaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Itthattaṃ āgacchatī</span>ti ettha yadetaṃ itthattassa āgamanaṃ, etaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjatīti <a name="M1.0159"></a> attho. Esa nayo <span class="bld">‘‘pabbajati, cetosamādhiṃ phusati, pubbenivāsaṃ anussaratī’’</span>ti etesupi padesu. ‘‘Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ bhikkhave <a name="P1.0207"></a> vijjati, yaṃ aññataro satto’’ti imañhi padaṃ ‘‘pabbajatī’’tiādīhi padehi paccekaṃ yojetabbanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para45"></a><a name="para45_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">45</span>. Khiḍḍāya padussantīti khiḍḍāpadosino, khiḍḍāpadosino eva <span class="bld">khiḍḍāpadosikā,</span> khiḍḍāpadoso vā etesaṃ atthīti <span class="bld">khiḍḍāpadosikā.</span> Atikkantavelaṃ <span class="bld">ativelaṃ,</span> āhārūpabhogakālaṃ atikkamitvāti attho. Methunasampayogena uppajjanakasukhaṃ <span class="bld">keḷihassasukhaṃ ratidhammo</span> ratisabhāvo. <span class="bld">Āhāra</span>nti ettha ko devānaṃ āhāro, kā āhāravelāti? Sabbesampi kāmāvacaradevānaṃ sudhā āhāro, sā heṭṭhimehi uparimānaṃ paṇītatamā hoti, taṃ yathāsakaṃ divasavasena divase divase bhuñjanti. Keci pana ‘‘biḷārapadappamāṇaṃ sudhāhāraṃ bhuñjanti, so jivhāya ṭhapitamatto yāva kesagganakhaggā kāyaṃ pharati, tesaṃyeva divasavasena sattadivase yāpanasamattho ca hotī’’ti vadanti. <span class="bld">‘‘Nirantaraṃ khādantā pivantā’’</span>ti idaṃ parikappanavasena vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Kammajatejassa balavabhāvo</span> uḷārapuññanibbattattā, uḷāragarusiniddhasudhāhārajīraṇato ca. <span class="bld">Karajakāyassa mandabhāvo</span> mudusukhumālabhāvato. Teneva hi bhagavā indasālaguhāyaṃ pakatipathaviyaṃ saṇṭhātuṃ asakkontaṃ sakkaṃ devarājānaṃ ‘‘oḷārikaṃ kāyaṃ adhiṭṭhehī’’ti āha. <span class="bld">Tesa</span>nti manussānaṃ. <span class="bld">Vatthu</span>nti karajakāyaṃ. <span class="bld">Kecīti</span> abhayagirivāsino.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para47"></a><a name="para47_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">47</span>. <span class="bld">Manenā</span>ti <a name="V1.0141"></a><a name="P1.0208"></a> issāpakatattā paduṭṭhena manasā. Usūyāvasena manasova padoso manopadoso, so etesaṃ atthi vināsahetubhūtoti <span class="bld">manopadosikā</span>ti evaṃ vā ettha attho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Akuddho rakkhatī</span>ti kuddhassa so kodho itarasmiṃ akujjhante anupādāno ekavārameva uppattiyā anāsevano cāvetuṃ na sakkoti udakantaṃ patvā aggi viya nibbāyati, tasmā akuddho taṃ cavanato rakkhati, ubhosu pana kuddhesu bhiyyo bhiyyo aññamaññamhi parivaḍḍhanavasena tikhiṇasamudācāro nissayadahanaraso kodho uppajjamāno hadayavatthuṃ nidahanto accantasukhumālakarajakāyaṃ vināseti, tato sakalopi attabhāvo antaradhāyati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ubhosu panā’’</span>tiādi<a name="M1.0160"></a>. Tathā cāha bhagavā ‘‘aññamaññaṃ paduṭṭhacittā kilantakāyā…pe… cavantī’’ti. <span class="bld">Dhammatā</span>ti dhammaniyāmo. So ca tesaṃ karajakāyassa mandatāya, tathāuppajjanakakodhassa ca balavatāya ṭhānaso cavanaṃ, tesaṃ rūpārūpadhammānaṃ sabhāvoti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para49"></a><a name="para49_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">49</span>. <span class="bld">Cakkhādīnaṃ bhedaṃ passatī</span>ti virodhipaccayasannipāte vikārāpattidassanato, ante ca adassanūpagamanato vināsaṃ passati oḷārikattā rūpadhammabhedassa. <span class="bld">Paccayaṃ datvā</span>ti anantarapaccayādivasena paccayo hutvā. <span class="bld">‘‘Balavatara’’</span>nti cittassa lahutaraṃ bhedaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Tathā hi ekasmiṃ rūpe dharanteyeva soḷasa cittāni bhijjanti. <span class="bld">Bhedaṃ na passatī</span>ti khaṇe khaṇe bhijjantampi cittaṃ parassa anantarapaccayabhāveneva bhijjatīti purimacittassa abhāvaṃ paṭicchādetvā viya pacchimacittassa uppattito bhāvapakkho balavataro pākaṭo ca hoti, na abhāvapakkhoti cittassa vināsaṃ na passati, ayañca attho alātacakkadassanena supākaṭo viññāyati. Yasmā <a name="P1.0209"></a> pana takkīvādī nānattanayassa dūrataratāya ekattanayassapi micchāgahitattā ‘‘yadevidaṃ viññāṇaṃ sabbadāpi ekarūpena pavattati, ayameva attā nicco’’tiādinā abhinivesaṃ janeti, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘so taṃ apassanto’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="subhead">Antānantavādavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para53"></a><a name="para53_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">53</span>. <span class="bld">Antānantikā</span>ti ettha amati gacchati ettha sabhāvo osānanti anto, mariyādā. Tappaṭisedhena ananto, anto ca ananto ca antānanto ca nevantānānanto ca antānantā sāmaññaniddesena, ekasesena vā ‘‘nāmarūpapaccayā saḷāyatana’’ntiādīsu (ma. ni. 3.176; saṃ. ni. 2.1; udā. 1) viya. Kassa pana antānantoti? Lokīyati saṃsāranissaraṇatthikehi diṭṭhigatikehi, lokīyanti vā ettha tehi puññāpuññaṃ tabbipāko <a name="V1.0142"></a> cāti lokoti saṅkhyaṃ gatassa attano. Tenāha bhagavā ‘‘antānantaṃ lokassa paññapentī’’ti. Ko pana eso attāti? Jhānavisayabhūtakasiṇanimittaṃ. Tattha hi ayaṃ diṭṭhigatiko lokasaññī. Tathā ca vuttaṃ ‘‘taṃ lokoti gahetvā’’ti. Keci pana ‘‘jhānaṃ taṃsampayuttadhammā ca idha ‘attā<a name="M1.0161"></a>, loko’ti ca gahitā’’ti vadanti. Antānantasahacaritavādo antānanto, yathā ‘‘kuntā pacarantī’’ti antānantasannissayo vā yathā ‘‘mañcā ghosantī’’ti. So etesaṃ atthīti <span class="bld">antānantikā.</span> Te pana yasmā yathāvuttanayena antānanto vādo diṭṭhi etesanti <span class="bld">‘‘antānantavādā’’</span>ti vuccanti. Tasmā aṭṭhakathāyaṃ ‘‘antānantavādā’’ti vatvā ‘‘antaṃ vā’’tiādinā attho vibhatto.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Etthāha – yuttaṃ tāva purimānaṃ tiṇṇaṃ vādīnaṃ <a name="P1.0210"></a> antattañca anantattañca antānantattañca ārabbha pavattavādattā antānantikattaṃ, pacchimassa pana tadubhayapaṭisedhanavasena pavattavādattā katha antānantikattanti? Tadubhayapaṭisedhanavasena pavattavādattā eva. Yasmā antānantapaṭisedhavādopi antānantavisayo eva taṃ ārabbha pavattattā. Etadatthaṃyeva hi sandhāya aṭṭhakathāyaṃ ‘‘ārabbha pavattavādā’’ti vuttaṃ. Atha vā yathā tatiyavāde desabhedavasena ekasseva antavantatā anantatā ca sambhavati, evaṃ takkīvādepi kālabhedavasena ubhayasambhavato aññamaññapaṭisedhena ubhayaññeva vuccati. Kathaṃ? Antavantatāpaṭisedhena hi anantatā vuccati, anantatāpaṭisedhena ca antavantatā, antānantānañca na tatiyavādabhāvo kālabhedassa adhippetattā. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – yasmā ayaṃ lokasaññito attā adhigatavisesehi mahesīhi ananto kadāci sakkhidiṭṭhoti anusuyyati, tasmā nevantavā. Yasmā pana tehiyeva kadāci antavā sakkhidiṭṭhoti anusuyyati, tasmā na pana anantoti. Yathā ca anussutitakkīvasena, evaṃ jātissaratakkī ādīnañca vasena yathāsambhavaṃ yojetabbaṃ. Ayañhi takkiko avaḍḍhitabhāvapubbakattā paṭibhāganimittānaṃ vaḍḍhitabhāvassa vaḍḍhitakālavasena appaccakkhakāritāya anussavādimatte ṭhatvā ‘‘nevantavā’’ti paṭikkhipati. Avaḍḍhitakālavasena pana ‘‘na panānanto’’ti, na pana antatānantatānaṃ accantamabhāvena yathā taṃ ‘‘nevasaññināsaññī’’ti. Purimavādattayapaṭikkhepo ca attanā yathādhippetappakāravilakkhaṇatāya tesaṃ, avassañcetaṃ evaṃ viññātabbaṃ, aññathā vikkhepapakkhaṃyeva bhajeyya catutthavādo. Na hi antatāanantatātadubhayavinimutto <a name="P1.0211"></a> attano pakāro atthi, takkīvādī ca yuttimaggako, kālabhedavasena ca tadubhayaṃ ekasmimpi na na yujjatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Keci <a name="V1.0143"></a><a name="M1.0162"></a> pana yadi panāyaṃ attā antavā siyā, dūradese upapajjanānussaraṇādi kiccanipphatti na siyā. Atha ananto, idha ṭhitassa devalokanirayādīsu sukhadukkhānubhavanampi siyā. Sace pana antavā ca ananto ca, tadubhayadosasamāyogo. Tasmā ‘‘antavā, ananto’’ti ca abyākaraṇīyo attāti evaṃ takkanavasena catutthavādappavattiṃ vaṇṇenti. Evampi yuttaṃ tāva pacchimavādīdvayassa antānantikattaṃ antānantānaṃ vasena ubhayavisayattā tesaṃ vādassa. Purimavādīdvayassa pana kathaṃ visuṃ antānantikattanti? Upacāravuttiyā. Samuditesu hi antānantavādīsu pavattamāno antānantika-saddo tattha niruḷhatāya paccekampi antānantikavādīsu pavattati, yathā arūpajjhānesu paccekaṃ aṭṭhavimokkhapariyāyo, yathā ca loke sattāsayoti. Atha vā abhinivesato purimakālappavattivasena ayaṃ tattha vohāro kato. Tesañhi diṭṭhigatikānaṃ tathārūpacetosamādhisamadhigamato pubbakālaṃ ‘‘antavā nu ayaṃ loko, ananto nū’’ti ubhayākārāvalambino parivitakkassa vasena niruḷho antānantikabhāvo visesalābhena tattha uppannepi ekaṃsaggāhe purimasiddharuḷhiyā voharīyatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para54-60"></a><a name="para54-60_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">54-60</span>. <span class="bld">Vuttanayenā</span>ti ‘‘takkayatīti takkī’’tiādinā (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 1.34) saddato, ‘‘catubbidho takkī’’tiādinā <a name="P1.0212"></a> (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 1.34) atthato ca sassatavāde vuttavidhinā. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhapubbānusārenā</span>ti dassanabhūtena viññāṇena upaladdhapubbassa antavantādino anussaraṇena. Evañca katvā anussutitakkīsuddhatakkīnampi idha saṅgaho siddho hoti. Atha vā diṭṭhaggahaṇeneva ‘‘naccagītavāditavisūkadassanā’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 10, 194) viya sutādīnampi gahitatā veditabbā. ‘‘Antavā’’tiādinā icchitassa attano sabbadā bhāvaparāmasanavaseneva imesaṃ vādānaṃ pavattanato sassatadiṭṭhisaṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. Tathā hi vakkhati ‘‘sesā sassatadiṭṭhiyo’’ti (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 97-98).</p>
<p class="subhead">Amarāvikkhepavādavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para61"></a><a name="para61_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">61</span>. <span class="bld">Na maratī</span>ti na ucchijjati. ‘‘Evampi me no’’tiādinā <span class="bld">vividho</span> nānappakāro <span class="bld">khepo</span> parena paravādīnaṃ khipanaṃ <span class="bld">vikkhepo.</span> Amarāya diṭṭhiyā <a name="M1.0163"></a> vācāya ca vikkhipantīti vā amarāvikkhepino. Amarāvikkhepino eva <span class="bld">amarāvikkhepikā. Ito cito ca sandhāvati</span> ekasmiṃ sabhāve anavaṭṭhānato. Amarā viya vikkhipantīti vā purimanayeneva saddattho daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para62"></a><a name="para62_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">62</span>. Vikkhepavādino <a name="V1.0144"></a> uttarimanussadhamme, akusaladhammepi sabhāvabhedavaseneva ñātuṃ ñāṇabalaṃ natthīti kusalākusalapadānaṃ kusalākusalakammapathavaseneva attho. Paṭhamanayavaseneva apariyantavikkhepatāya amarāvikkhepaṃ vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘evantipi me noti aniyamitavikkhepo’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">aniyamitavikkhepo</span>ti sassatādīsu ekasmimpi pakāre aṭṭhatvā vikkhepakaraṇaṃ, paravādinā yasmiṃ kismiñci pucchite pakāre tassa paṭikkhepoti attho. Dutiyanayavasena amarāsadisāya amarāya vikkhepaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘idaṃ kusalanti vā puṭṭho’’</span>tiādimāha. Atha vā ‘‘evantipi <a name="P1.0213"></a> me no’’tiādinā aniyamatova sassatekaccasassatucchedatakkīvādānaṃ paṭisedhanena taṃ taṃ vādaṃ paṭikkhipateva apariyantavikkhepavādattā amarāvikkhepino. Attanā pana anavaṭṭhitavādattā na kismiñci pakkhe avatiṭṭhatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sayaṃ pana…pe… byākarotī’’</span>ti. Idāni kusalādīnaṃ abyākaraṇena tameva anavaṭṭhānaṃ vibhāveti ‘‘idaṃ kusalanti vā puṭṭho’’tiādinā. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘ekasmimpi pakkhe na tiṭṭhatī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para63"></a><a name="para63_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">63</span>. Kusalākusalaṃ yathābhūtaṃ appajānantopi yesamahaṃ samayena kusalameva ‘‘kusala’’nti, akusalameva ca ‘‘akusala’’nti byākareyyaṃ, tesu tathā byākaraṇahetu ‘‘aho vata re paṇḍito’’ti sakkārasammānaṃ karontesu mama chando vā rāgo vā assāti evampettha attho sambhavati. <span class="bld">Doso vā paṭigho vā</span>ti ettha vuttavipariyāyena yojetabbaṃ. Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ pana attano paṇḍitabhāvavisayānaṃ rāgādīnaṃ vasena yojanā katā. <span class="bld">‘‘Chandarāgadvayaṃ upādāna’’</span>nti abhidhammanayena vuttaṃ. Abhidhamme hi taṇhādiṭṭhiyova ‘‘upādāna’’nti āgatā, suttante pana dosopi ‘‘upādāna’’nti vutto ‘‘kodhupādānavinibandhā vighātaṃ āpajjantī’’tiādīsu. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ubhayampi vā daḷhaggahaṇavasena upādāna’’</span>nti<a name="M1.0164"></a>. <span class="bld">Daḷhaggahaṇaṃ</span> amuñcanaṃ. Paṭighopi hi upanāhādivasena pavatto ārammaṇaṃ na muñcati. <span class="bld">Vihananaṃ</span> hiṃsanaṃ vibādhanaṃ. Rāgopi hi pariḷāhavasena sāraddhavuttitāya nissayaṃ vibādhatīti. Vināsetukāmatāya ārammaṇaṃ gaṇhātīti sambandho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para64"></a><a name="para64_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">64</span>. <span class="bld">Paṇḍiccenā</span>ti paññāya. Yena hi dhammena yutto ‘‘paṇḍito’’ti <a name="P1.0214"></a> vuccati, so dhammo paṇḍiccaṃ, tena sutacintāmayaṃ paññaṃ dasseti, na pākatikakammanibbattaṃ sābhāvikapaññaṃ. Kata-saddassa kiriyāsāmaññavācakattā ‘‘katavijjo’’tiādīsu viya kata-saddo ñāṇānuyuttataṃ vadatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘viññātaparappavādā’’</span>ti. Sattadhā bhinnassa vālaggassa aṃsukoṭivedhako <span class="bld">‘‘vālavedhī’’</span>ti adhippeto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para65-6"></a><a name="para65-6_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">65-6</span>. Ettha <a name="V1.0145"></a> ca kiñcāpi purimānampi tiṇṇaṃ kusalādidhammasabhāvānavabodhato attheva mandabhāvo, tesaṃ pana attano kusalādidhammānavabodhassa avabodhaviseso atthi, tadabhāvā pacchimoyeva mandamomūhabhāvena vutto. Nanu ca pacchimassāpi ‘‘atthi paroloko’ti iti ce me assa, ‘atthi paroloko’ti iti te naṃ byākareyyaṃ, evantipi me no’’tiādi (dī. ni. 1.65) vacanato attano dhammānavabodhassa avabodho atthiyevāti? Kiñcāpi atthi, na tassa purimānaṃ viya apariññātadhammabyākaraṇanibandhanamusāvādādibhayaparijigucchanakāro atthi, atha kho mahāmūḷhoyeva. Atha vā ‘‘evantipi me no’’tiādinā pucchāya vikkhepakaraṇatthaṃ ‘‘atthi paroloko’ti iti ce maṃ pucchasī’’ti pucchāṭhapanameva tena dassīyati, na attano dhammānavabodhoti ayameva visesena ‘‘mando ceva momūho cā’’ti vutto. Teneva hi tathāvādinaṃ sañjayaṃ belaṭṭhaputtaṃ ārabbha ‘‘ayaṃ vā imesaṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ sabbamando sabbamūḷho’’ti (dī. ni. 1.181) vuttaṃ. Tattha ‘‘atthi paroloko’’ti sassatadassanavasena <a name="P1.0215"></a> sammādiṭṭhivasena vā pucchā. ‘‘Natthi paroloko’’ti natthikadassanavasena sammādassanavasena vā pucchā. ‘‘Atthi ca natthi ca paroloko’’ti ucchedadassanavasena sammādiṭṭhivasena eva vā pucchā. ‘‘Neva atthi na natthi paroloko’’ti vuttappakārattayapaṭikkhepe sati pakārantarassa asambhavato atthitānatthitāhi navattabbākāro parolokoti <a name="M1.0165"></a> vikkhepaññeva purekkhārena sammādiṭṭhivasena vā pucchā. Sesacatukkattayepi vuttanayānusārena attho veditabbo. Puññasaṅkhārattiko viya hi kāyasaṅkhārattikena purimacatukkasaṅgahito eva attho. Sesacatukkattayena attaparāmāsapuññādi phalatācodanānayena saṅgahitoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Amarāvikkhepiko sassatādīnaṃ attano aruccanatāya sabbattha ‘‘evantipi me no’’tiādinā vikkhepaññeva karoti. Tattha ‘‘evantipi me no’’tiādi tattha tattha pucchitākārapaṭisedhanavasena vikkhipanākāradassanaṃ. Nanu ca vikkhepavādino vikkhepapakkhassa anujānanaṃ vikkhepapakkhe avaṭṭhānaṃ yuttarūpanti? Na, tatthāpi tassa sammūḷhattā, paṭikkhepavaseneva ca vikkhepavādassa pavattanato. Tathā hi sañcayo belaṭṭhaputto raññā ajātasattunā sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ puṭṭho paralokattikādīnaṃ paṭisedhanamukhena vikkhepaṃ byākāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Etthāha – nanu cāyaṃ sabbopi amarāvikkhepiko kusalādayo dhamme, paralokattikādīni ca yathābhūtaṃ anavabujjhamāno tattha tattha pañhaṃ puṭṭho pucchāya vikkhepanamattaṃ āpajjati, tassa kathaṃ <a name="V1.0146"></a> diṭṭhigatikabhāvo. Na hi avattukāmassa viya pucchitamatthamajānantassa vikkhepakaraṇamattena diṭṭhigatikatā <a name="P1.0216"></a> yuttāti? Vuccate – na heva kho pucchāya vikkhepakaraṇamattena tassa diṭṭhigatikatā, atha kho micchābhinivesavasena. Sassatābhinivesena micchābhiniviṭṭhoyeva hi puggalo mandabuddhitāya kusalādidhamme paralokattikādīni ca yāthāvato appaṭipajjamāno attanā aviññātassa atthassa paraṃ viññāpetuṃ asakkuṇeyyatāya musāvādādibhayena ca vikkhepaṃ āpajjatīti. Tathā hi vakkhati ‘‘yāsaṃ satteva ucchedadiṭṭhiyo, sesā sassatadiṭṭhiyo’’ti (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 1.97-98) atha vā puññapāpānaṃ tabbipākānañca anavabodhena asaddahanena ca tabbisayāya pucchāya vikkhepakaraṇaṃyeva sundaranti khantiṃ ruciṃ uppādetvā abhinivisantassa uppannā visuṃyevesā ekā diṭṭhi sattabhaṅgadiṭṭhi viyāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Tathā ca vuttaṃ ‘‘pariyantarahitā diṭṭhigatikassa diṭṭhi ceva vācā cā’’ti (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 1.61). Kathaṃ panassā sassatadiṭṭhisaṅgaho? Ucchedavasena anabhinivesato. Natthi koci dhammānaṃ yathābhūtavedī vivādabahulattā <a name="M1.0166"></a> lokassa, ‘‘evameva’’nti pana saddantarena ‘‘dhammanijjhānanā anādikālikā loke’’ti gāhavasena sassatalesopettha labbhatiyeva.</p>
<p class="subhead">Adhiccasamuppannavādavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para67"></a><a name="para67_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">67</span>. Adhicca yadicchakaṃ yaṃ kiñci kāraṇaṃ, kassaci vuddhipubbaṃ vā vinā samuppannoti attalokasaññitānaṃ khandhānaṃ adhiccuppattiākārārammaṇaṃ dassanaṃ tadākārasannissayena pavattito, tadākārasahacaritatāya ca ‘‘adhiccasamuppanna’’nti vuccati yathā ‘‘mañcā ghosanti, kuntā pacarantī’’ti ca <a name="P1.0217"></a> imamatthaṃ dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘adhiccasamuppanno attā ca loko cāti dassanaṃ adhiccasamuppanna’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para68-73"></a><a name="para68-73_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">68-73</span>. <span class="bld">Desanāsīsa</span>nti desanāya jeṭṭhakabhāvena gahaṇaṃ, tena saññaṃyeva dhuraṃ katvā bhagavatā ayaṃ desanā katā, na pana tattha aññesaṃ arūpadhammānaṃ atthibhāvatoti dasseti. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘acittuppādā’’</span>tiādi. Bhagavā hi yathā lokuttaradhammaṃ desento samādhiṃ paññaṃ vā dhuraṃ karoti, evaṃ lokiyadhammaṃ desento cittaṃ saññaṃ vā dhuraṃ karoti. Tattha ‘‘yasmiṃ samaye lokuttaraṃ jhānaṃ bhāveti (dha. sa. 277) pañcaṅgiko sammāsamādhi [dī. ni. 3.355 (kha)] pañcañāṇiko sammāsamādhi, [dī. ni. 3.355 (ja); vibha. 2.804] paññāya cassa disvā āsavā parikkhīṇā hontī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.271) tathā ‘‘yasmiṃ samaye kāmāvacaraṃ <a name="V1.0147"></a> kusalaṃ cittaṃ uppannaṃ hoti, (dha. sa. 1) kiṃcitto tvaṃ bhikkhu (pārā. 146, 180) manopubbaṅgamā dhammā, (dha. pa. 1, 2; netti. 90; peṭako. 83) santi bhikkhave sattā nānattakāyā nānattasaññino, (dī. ni. 3.332, 342, 357; a. ni. 9.24; cūḷani. 83) na nevasaññānāsaññāyatana’’ntiādīni suttāni (dī. ni. 3.358) etassa atthassa sādhakāni daṭṭhabbāni. <span class="bld">Titthāyatane</span>ti aññatitthiyasamaye. Titthiyā hi upapattivisese vimuttisaññino, saññāvirāgāvirāgesu ādīnavānisaṃsadassino vā hutvā asaññasamāpattiṃ nibbattetvā akkhaṇabhūmiyaṃ uppajjanti, na sāsanikā. <span class="bld">Vāyokasiṇe parikammaṃ katvā</span>ti vāyokasiṇe paṭhamādīni tīṇi jhānāni nibbattetvā tatiyajjhāne ciṇṇavasī hutvā <a name="M1.0167"></a> tato vuṭṭhāya catutthajjhānādhigamāya <a name="P1.0218"></a> parikammaṃ katvā. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘catutthajjhānaṃ nibbattetvā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kasmā panettha vāyokasiṇeyeva parikammaṃ vuttanti? Vuccate – yatheva hi rūpapaṭibhāgabhūtesu kasiṇavisesesu rūpavibhāvanena rūpavirāgabhāvanāsaṅkhāto arūpasamāpattiviseso sacchikarīyati, evaṃ aparibyattaviggahatāya arūpapaṭibhāgabhūte kasiṇavisese arūpavibhāvanena arūpavirāgabhāvanāsaṅkhāto rūpasamāpattiviseso adhigamīyatīti ettha ‘‘saññā rogo saññā gaṇḍo’’tiādinā (ma. ni. 3.24) ‘‘dhi cittaṃ, dhibbate taṃ citta’’ntiādinā ca nayena arūpappavattiyā ādīnavadassanena, tadabhāve ca santapaṇītabhāvasanniṭṭhānena rūpasamāpattiyā abhisaṅkharaṇaṃ, rūpavirāgabhāvanā pana saddhiṃ upacārena arūpasamāpattiyo, tatthāpi visesena paṭhamāruppajjhānaṃ. Yadi evaṃ ‘‘paricchinnākāsakasiṇepī’’ti vattabbaṃ. Tassāpi hi arūpapaṭibhāgatā labbhatīti? Icchitamevetaṃ kesañci avacanaṃ panettha pubbācariyehi aggahitabhāvena. Yathā hi rūpavirāgabhāvanā virajjanīyadhammabhāvamattena parinipphannā, virajjanīyadhammapaṭibhāgabhūte ca visayavisese pātubhavati, evaṃ arūpavirāgabhāvanāpīti vuccamāne na koci virodho, titthiyeheva pana tassā samāpattiyā paṭipajjitabbatāya, tesañca visayapathesupanibandhanasseva tassa jhānassa paṭipattito diṭṭhivantehi pubbācariyehi catuttheyeva bhūtakasiṇe arūpavirāgabhāvanāparikammaṃ <a name="P1.0219"></a> vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Kiñca vaṇṇakasiṇesu viya purimabhūtakasiṇattayepi vaṇṇapaṭicchāyāva paṇṇatti ārammaṇaṃ jhānassa lokavohārānurodheneva pavattito. Evañca katvā visuddhimagge (visuddhi. 1.57) pathavīkasiṇassa ādāsacandamaṇḍalūpamāvacanañca samatthitaṃ hoti, catutthaṃ pana bhūtakasiṇaṃ bhūtappaṭicchāyameva jhānassa <a name="V1.0148"></a> gocarabhāvaṃ gacchatīti tasseva arūpapaṭibhāgatā yuttāti vāyokasiṇeyeva parikammaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Idhevā</span>ti pañcavokārabhaveyeva. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti asaññabhave. Yadi rūpakkhandhamattameva asaññabhave pātubhavati, kathamarūpasannissayena vinā tattha rūpaṃ pavattati, kathaṃ pana rūpasannissayena vinā arūpadhātuyaṃ arūpaṃ pavattati, idampi tena samānajātiyameva. Kasmā? Idheva adassanato. Yadi evaṃ kabaḷīkārāhārena vinā rūpadhātuyaṃ rūpena na pavattitabbaṃ, kiṃ kāraṇaṃ<a name="M1.0168"></a>? Idheva adassanato. Api ca yathā yassa cittasantānassa nibbattikāraṇaṃ rūpe avigatataṇhaṃ, tassa saha rūpena sambhavato rūpaṃ nissāya pavatti, yassa pana nibbattikāraṇaṃ rūpe vigatataṇhaṃ, tassa vinā rūpena rūpanirapekkhatāya kāraṇassa, evaṃ yassa rūpappabandhassa nibbattikāraṇaṃ vigatataṇhaṃ arūpe, tassa vinā arūpena pavatti hotīti asaññabhave rūpakkhandhamattameva nibbattati. Kathaṃ pana tattha kevalo rūpappabandho paccuppannapaccayarahito cirakālaṃ pavattatīti paccetabbaṃ, kittakaṃ vā kālaṃ pavattatīti codanaṃ manasi katvā āha <span class="bld">‘‘yathā nāma jiyāvegukkhitto saro’’</span>tiādi, tena na kevalamāgamoyeva ayamettha yuttīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Tattakameva kāla</span>nti ukkaṃsato pañca mahākappasatānipi tiṭṭhanti asaññasattā. <span class="bld">Jhānavege</span>ti asaññasamāpattiparikkhate kammavege. <span class="bld">Antaradhāyatī</span>ti <a name="P1.0220"></a> paccayanirodhena nirujjhati nappavattati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Idhā</span>ti kāmabhave. Kathaṃ pana anekakappasatasamatikkamena ciraniruddhato viññāṇato idha viññāṇaṃ samuppajjati. Na hi niruddhe cakkhumhi cakkhuviññāṇamuppajjamānaṃ diṭṭhanti? Nayidamekantato daṭṭhabbaṃ. Ciraniruddhampi hi cittaṃ samānajātikassa antarānuppajjanato anantarapaccayamattaṃ hotiyeva, na bījaṃ, bījaṃ pana kammaṃ. Tasmā kammato bījabhūtato ārammaṇādīhi paccayehi asaññabhavato cutānaṃ kāmadhātuyā upapattiviññāṇaṃ hotiyeva. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘idha paṭisandhisaññā uppajjatī’’</span>ti. Ettha ca yathā nāma utuniyāmena pupphaggahaṇe niyatakālānaṃ rukkhānaṃ vekhe dinne vekhabalena na yathā niyāmatā hoti pupphaggahaṇassa, evameva pañcavokārabhave avippayogena vattamānesu rūpārūpadhammesu rūpārūpavirāgabhāvanāvekhe dinne tassa samāpattivekhabalassa anurūpato arūpabhave asaññābhave ca yathākkamaṃ rūparahitā arūparahitā ca khandhānaṃ pavatti hotīti veditabbaṃ. Nanu ettha jātisatasahassadasasaṃvaṭṭādīnaṃ matthake, abbhantarato vā pavattāya asaññūpavattiyā vasena lābhīadhiccasamuppannikavādo lābhīsassatavādo viya anekabhedo sambhavatīti? Saccaṃ sambhavati, anantarattā pana āpannāya <a name="V1.0149"></a> asaññūpapattiyā vasena lābhīadhiccasamuppannikavādo nayadassanavasena ekova dassitoti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Atha vā sassatadiṭṭhisaṅgahato adhiccasamuppannikavādassa sassatavāde āgato sabbo desanānayo yathāsambhavaṃ adhiccasamuppannikavādepi <a name="M1.0169"></a> gahetabboti <a name="P1.0221"></a> imassa visesassa dassanatthaṃ bhagavatā lābhīadhiccasamuppannikavādo avibhajitvā desito. Avassañca sassatadiṭṭhisaṅgaho adhiccasamuppannikavādassa icchitabbo saṃkilesapakkhe sattānaṃ ajjhāsayassa duvidhattā. Tathā hi vuttaṃ aṭṭhakathāyaṃ ‘‘sassatucchedadiṭṭhi cā’’ti. Tathā ca vakkhati ‘‘yāsaṃ satteva ucchedadiṭṭhiyo, sesā sassatadiṭṭhiyo’’ti (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 1.97-98).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nanu ca adhiccasamuppannikavādassa sassatadiṭṭhisaṅgaho na yutto. ‘‘Ahañhi pubbe nāhosi’’ntiādivasena pavattanato, apubbasattapātubhāvaggāhattā, attano lokassa ca sadābhāvagāhinī ca sassatadiṭṭhi ‘‘atthitveva sassatisama’’nti pavattanato? No na yutto anāgate koṭiadassanato. Yadipi hi ayaṃ vādo ‘‘somhi etarahi ahutvā santatāya pariṇato’’ti (dī. ni. 1.68) attano lokassa ca atītakoṭiparāmasanavasena pavatto, tathāpi vattamānakālato paṭṭhāya na tesaṃ katthaci anāgate pariyantaṃ passati, visesena ca paccuppannānāgatakālesu pariyantādassanapabhāvito sassatavādo. Yathāha ‘‘sassatisamaṃ tatheva ṭhassatī’’ti. Yadi evaṃ imassa vādassa, sassatavādādīnañca pubbantakappikesu saṅgaho na yutto anāgatakālaparāmasanavasena pavattattāti? Na, samudāgamassa atītakoṭṭhāsikattā. Tathā hi nesaṃ samuppatti atītaṃsapubbenivāsañāṇehi, tappaṭirūpakānussavādippabhāvitatakkanehi ca saṅgahitāti, tathā ceva saṃvaṇṇitaṃ. Atha vā sabbattha appaṭihatañāṇena vādivarena dhammassāminā niravasesato agatiñca gatiñca yathābhūtaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā paveditā etā diṭṭhiyo, tasmā yāvatikā diṭṭhiyo bhagavatā desitā, yathā ca desitā, tathā tathāva <a name="P1.0222"></a> sanniṭṭhānato sampaṭicchitabbā, na ettha yuttivicāraṇā kātabbā buddhavisayattā. Acinteyyo hi buddhavisayoti.</p>
<p class="centered">Dutiyabhāṇavāravaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Aparantakappikavādavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para74"></a><a name="para74_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">74</span>. ‘‘Aparante <a name="V1.0150"></a><a name="M1.0170"></a> ñāṇaṃ, aparantānudiṭṭhino’’tiādīsu viya <span class="bld">apara</span>-saddo idha anāgatakālavācakoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘anāgatakoṭṭhāsasaṅkhāta’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Aparantaṃ kappetvā</span>tiādīsu ‘‘pubbantaṃ kappetvā’’tiādīsu vuttanayena attho veditabbo. Visesamattameva vakkhāma.</p>
<p class="subhead">Saññīvādavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para75"></a><a name="para75_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">75</span>. Uddhamāghātanāti pavatto vādo uddhamāghātano, so etesaṃ atthīti <span class="bld">uddhamāghātanikā.</span> Yasmā pana te diṭṭhigatikā ‘‘uddhaṃ maraṇā attā nibbikāro’’ti vadanti, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘uddhamāghātanā attānaṃ vadantīti uddhamāghātanikā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Saññīvādo etesaṃ atthīti <span class="bld">saññīvādā</span> ‘‘buddhaṃ assa atthīti buddho’’ti yathā. Atha vā saññīti pavatto vādo saññī sahacaraṇanayena, saññī vādo etesanti <span class="bld">saññīvādā.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para76-77"></a><a name="para76-77_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">76-77</span>. <span class="bld">Rūpī attā</span>ti ettha nanu rūpavinimuttena attanā bhavitabbaṃ saññāya viya rūpassapi attaniyattā. Na hi ‘‘saññī attā’’ti ettha saññā attā. Teneva hi <span class="bld">‘‘tattha pavattasaññañcassa saññāti gahetvā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Evaṃ sati kasmā kasiṇarūpaṃ ‘‘attā’’ti gahetvā vuttanti? Na kho panetaṃ evaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ ‘‘rūpaṃ assa atthīti rūpī’’ti, atha kho ‘‘ruppanasīlo rūpī’’ti. Ruppanañcettha rūpasarikkhatāya kasiṇarūpassa vaḍḍhitāvaḍḍhitakālavasena visesāpatti, sā ca ‘‘natthī’’ti na sakkā vattuṃ parittavipulatādivisesasabbhāvato. Yadi evaṃ imassa vādassa sassatadiṭṭhisaṅgaho na yujjatīti? No na yujjati kāyabhedato uddhaṃ attano nibbikāratāya tena adhippetattā. Tathā hi vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘arogo</span> <a name="P1.0223"></a> <span class="bld">paraṃ maraṇā’’</span>ti. Atha vā ‘‘rūpaṃ assa atthīti rūpī’’ti vuccamānepi na doso. Kappanāsiddhenapi hi bhedena abhedassāpi niddesadassanato, yathā ‘‘silāputtakassa sarīra’’nti. Ruppanaṃ vā rūpasabhāvo rūpaṃ, taṃ etassa atthīti <span class="bld">rūpī,</span> attā ‘‘rūpino dhammā’’tiādīsu (dha. sa. dukamātikā 11) viya. Evañca katvā rūpasabhāvattā attano ‘‘rūpī attā’’ti vacanaṃ ñāyāgatamevāti <span class="bld">‘‘kasiṇarūpaṃ ‘attā’ti gahetvā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Niyatavāditāya kammaphalapaṭikkhepato natthi ājīvakesu jhānasamāpattilābhoti <a name="M1.0171"></a> āha <span class="bld">‘‘ājīvakādayo viya takkamatteneva vā rūpī attā’’</span>ti. Tathā hi kaṇhābhijātiādīsu chaḷābhijātīsu aññataraṃ attānaṃ ekacce ājīvakā paṭijānanti. Natthi etassa rogo bhaṅgoti <span class="bld">arogo</span>ti aroga-saddassa niccapariyāyatā <a name="V1.0151"></a> veditabbā, rogarahitatāsīsena vā nibbikāratāya niccataṃ paṭijānāti diṭṭhigatikoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘arogoti nicco’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kasiṇugghāṭimākāsapaṭhamāruppaviññāṇanatthibhāvaākiñcaññāyatanāni <span class="bld">arūpasamāpattinimittaṃ</span> nimbapaṇṇe tittakaraso viya sarīraparimāṇo arūpī attā tattha tiṭṭhatīti nigaṇṭhāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘nigaṇṭhādayo viyā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Missakagāhavasenā</span>ti rūpārūpasamāpattīnaṃ nimittāni ekajjhaṃ katvā ‘‘eko attā’’ti, tattha pavattasaññañcassa ‘‘saññā’’ti gahaṇavasena. Ayañhi diṭṭhigatiko rūpārūpasamāpattilābhitāya tannimittaṃ rūpabhāvena arūpabhāvena ca attā upatiṭṭhati, tasmā ‘‘rūpī ca arūpī cā’’ti abhinivesaṃ janesi ajjhattavādino viya, takkamatteneva vā rūpārūpadhammānaṃ missakaggahaṇavasena ‘‘rūpī arūpī ca attā hotī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Takkagāhenevā</span>ti saṅkhārāvasesasukhumabhāvappattadhammā <a name="P1.0224"></a> viya accantasukhumabhāvappattiyā sakiccasādhanāsamatthatāya thambhakuṭṭahatthapādādisaṅghāto viya neva rūpī, rūpasabhāvānativattanato na arūpīti evaṃ pavattatakkagāhena. Atha vā antānantikacatukkavāde viya aññamaññapaṭikkhepavasena attho veditabbo. Kevalaṃ pana tattha desakālabhedavasena tatiyacatutthavādā dassitā, idha kālavatthubhedavasenāti ayameva visesoti. Kālabhedavasena cettha tatiyavādassa pavatti rūpārūpanimittānaṃ saha anupaṭṭhānato. Catutthavādassa pana vatthubhedavasena pavatti rūpārūpadhammānaṃ samūhato ‘‘eko attā’’ti takkanavasenāti tattha vuttanayānusārena veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dutiyacatukke yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ ‘‘amati gacchati ettha bhāvo osāna’’ntiādinā antānantikavāde vuttanayena veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadipi aṭṭhasamāpattilābhino diṭṭhigatikassa vasena samāpattibhedena saññābhedasambhavato ‘‘nānattasaññī attā’’ti ayampi vādo samāpannakavasena <a name="M1.0172"></a> labbhati. Tathāpi samāpattiyaṃ ekarūpeneva saññāya upaṭṭhānato samāpannakavasena <span class="bld">‘‘ekattasaññī’’</span>ti āha. Tenevettha samāpannakaggahaṇaṃ kataṃ. Ekasamāpattilābhino eva vā vasena attho veditabbo. Samāpattibhedena saññābhedasambhavepi bahiddhā puthuttārammaṇe saññānānattena oḷārikena nānattasaññitaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘asamāpannakavasena nānattasaññī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Parittakasiṇavasena parittasaññī’’</span>ti iminā satipi saññāvinimutte dhamme ‘‘saññāyeva attā’’ti vadatīti dassitaṃ <a name="V1.0152"></a> hoti. Kasiṇaggahaṇañcettha saññāya visayadassanaṃ, evaṃ <span class="bld">vipulakasiṇavasenā</span>ti etthāpi attho veditabbo. Evañca katvā antānantikavāde<a name="P1.0225"></a>, idha ca antānantikacatukke paṭhamadutiyavādehi imesaṃ dvinnaṃ vādānaṃ viseso siddho hoti, aññathā vuttappakāresu vādesu pubbantāparantakappanabhedena satipi kehici visese kehici natthi yevāti. Atha vā ‘‘aṅguṭṭhappamāṇo attā, yavappamāṇo, aṇumatto vā attā’’ti ādidassanavasena paritto saññī cāti <span class="bld">parittasaññī,</span> kapilakaṇādādayo viya attano sabbagatabhāvapaṭijānanavasena appamāṇo saññī cāti <span class="bld">appamāṇasaññī</span>ti evampettha attho daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dibbacakkhuparibhaṇḍatāya yathākammūpagañāṇassa dibbacakkhupabhāvajanitena yathākammūpagañāṇena dissamānāpi sattānaṃ sukhādisamaṅgitā dibbacakkhunāva diṭṭhā hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘dibbena cakkhunā’’</span>tiādi. Nanu ca ‘‘ekantasukhī attā’’tiādivādānaṃ aparantadiṭṭhibhāvato ‘‘nibbattamānaṃ disvā’’ti vacanaṃ anupannanti? Nānupapannaṃ, anāgatassa ekantasukhibhāvādikassa pakappanaṃ paccuppannāya nibbattiyā dassanena adhippetanti. Tenevāha ‘‘nibbattamānaṃ disvā ‘ekantasukhī’ti gaṇhātī’’ti. Ettha ca tassaṃ tassaṃ bhūmiyaṃ bahulaṃ sukhādisahitadhammappavattidassanena tesaṃ ‘‘ekantasukhī’’ti gāho daṭṭhabbo. Atha vā hatthidassakaandhā viya diṭṭhigatikā yaṃ yadeva passanti, taṃ tadeva abhinivissa voharantīti na ettha yutti maggitabbā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Asaññī nevasaññīnāsaññīvādavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para78-83"></a><a name="para78-83_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">78-83</span>. Asaññīvāde asaññabhave nibbattasattavasena paṭhamavādo, ‘‘saññaṃ attato samanupassatī’’ti ettha vuttanayena saññaṃyeva ‘‘attā’’ti gahetvā tassa kiñcanabhāvena ṭhitāya aññāya <a name="P1.0226"></a> saññāya abhāvato ‘‘asaññī’’ti <a name="M1.0173"></a> pavatto dutiyavādo, tathā saññāya saha rūpadhamme, sabbe eva vā rūpārūpadhamme ‘‘attā’’ti gahetvā pavatto tatiyavādo, takkagāhavaseneva catutthavādo pavatto. Tassa pubbe vuttanayeneva attho veditabbo. Dutiyacatukkepi kasiṇarūpassa asañjānanasabhāvatāya asaññīti katvā antānantikavāde vuttanayeneva cattāropi veditabbā. Tathā nevasaññīnāsaññīvādepi nevasaññīnāsaññībhave nibbattasattasseva cutipaṭisandhīsu, sabbattha vā paṭusaññākiccaṃ kātuṃ asamatthāya sukhumāya saññāya atthibhāvapaṭijānanavasena paṭhamavādo, asaññīvāde vuttanayena sukhumāya saññāya vasena, sañjānanasabhāvatāpaṭijānena ca dutiyavādādayo pavattāti evaṃ ekena pakārena satipi <a name="V1.0153"></a> kāraṇapariyesanassa sambhave diṭṭhigatikavādānaṃ anādaraṇīyabhāvadassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tattha na ekantena kāraṇaṃ pariyesitabba’’</span>nti vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Etesañca saññīasaññīnevasaññīnāsaññīvādānaṃ ‘‘arogo paraṃ maraṇā’’ti vacanato sassatadiṭṭhisaṅgaho pākaṭoyeva.</p>
<p class="subhead">Ucchedavādavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para84"></a><a name="para84_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">84</span>. Asato vināsāsambhavato atthibhāvanibandhano ucchedoti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sato’’</span>ti. Yathā hetuphalabhāvena pavattamānānaṃ sabhāvadhammānaṃ satipi ekasantānapariyāpannānaṃ bhinnasantatipatitehi visese hetuphalānaṃ paramatthato bhinnasabhāvattā bhinnasantānapatitānaṃ viya accantabhedasanniṭṭhānena nānattanayassa micchāgahaṇaṃ ucchedābhinivesassa kāraṇaṃ, evaṃ hetuphalabhūtānaṃ dhammānaṃ vijjamānepi sabhāvabhede ekasantatipariyāpannatāya ekattanayena accantamabhedaggahaṇampi kāraṇaṃ evāti dassetuṃ ‘‘sattassā’’ti vuttaṃ pāḷiyaṃ. Santānavasena hi vattamānesu khandhesu ghanavinibbhogābhāvena sattagāho, sattassa ca atthibhāvagāhanibandhano ucchedagāho yāvāyaṃ attā na ucchijjati, tāvāyaṃ vijjatiyevāti gahaṇato, nirudayavināso vā idha ucchedoti adhippetoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘upaccheda’’</span>nti. Visesena <a name="P1.0227"></a> nāso <span class="bld">vināso,</span> abhāvo. So pana maṃsacakkhupaññācakkhūnaṃ dassanapathātikkamoyeva hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘adassana’’</span>nti. Adassane hi nāsa-saddo loke niruḷhoti. <span class="bld">Bhāvavigama</span>nti sabhāvāpagamaṃ. Yo hi nirudayavināsavasena ucchijjati, na so attano sabhāvena tiṭṭhatīti. <span class="bld">Lābhī</span>ti dibbacakkhuñāṇalābhī. <span class="bld">Cutimattamevā</span>ti <a name="M1.0174"></a> sekkhaputhujjanānampi cutimattameva. <span class="bld">Na upapāta</span>nti pubbayogābhāvena, parikammākaraṇena vā upapātaṃ daṭṭhuṃ na sakkoti. <span class="bld">‘‘Alābhī ca ko paralokaṃ na jānātī’’</span>ti natthikavādavasena, mahāmūḷhabhāveneva vā ‘‘ito añño paraloko atthī’’ti anavabodhamāha. Ettakoyeva visayo, yo yaṃ indriyagocaroti. Attano dhītuyā hatthagaṇhanakarājādi viya <span class="bld">kāmasukhagiddhatāya</span> vā. <span class="bld">‘‘Na puna viruhantī’’</span>ti patitapaṇṇānaṃ vaṇṭena appaṭisandhikabhāvamāha. <span class="bld">Evameva sattā</span>ti yathā paṇḍupalāso bandhanā pavutto na paṭisandhiyati, evaṃ sabbe sattā appaṭisandhikamaraṇameva nigacchantīti. Jalapubbūḷakūpamā hi sattāti tassa laddhi. <span class="bld">Tathā</span>ti vuttappakārena. Lābhinopi cutito uddhaṃ adassaneneva imā diṭṭhiyo uppajjantīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vikappetvā vā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Etthāha – yathā amarāvikkhepikavādā ekantaalābhīvaseneva dassitā, yathā ca uddhamāghātanikasaññīvādacatukko <a name="V1.0154"></a> ekantalābhīvaseneva, na evamayaṃ. Ayaṃ pana sassatekaccasassatavādādayo viya lābhīalābhīvasena pavatto. Tathā hi vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tattha dve janā’’</span>tiādi. Yadi evaṃ kasmā sassatavādādidesanāhi idha aññathā desanā pavattāti? Vuccate – desanāvilāsappattito. Desanāvilāsappattā hi buddhā bhagavanto, te veneyyajjhāsayānurūpaṃ <a name="P1.0228"></a> vividhenākārena dhammaṃ desenti, aññathā idhāpi ca evaṃ bhagavā deseyya ‘‘idha bhikkhave ekacco samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā ātappamanvāya…pe… yathāsamāhite citte sattānaṃ cutūpapātañāṇāya cittaṃ abhininnāmeti, so dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena arahato cuticittaṃ passati, puthūnaṃ vā parasattānaṃ, na heva kho taduddhaṃ upapattiṃ, so evamāha ‘yathā kho bho ayaṃ attā’’’ tiādinā visesalābhino, takkino ca visuṃ katvā, tasmā desanāvilāsena veneyyajjhāsayānurūpaṃ sassatavādādidesanāhi aññathāyaṃ desanā pavattāti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha vā ekaccasassatavādādīsu viya na idha takkīvādito visesalābhīvādo bhinnākāro, atha kho samānabhedatāya samānākāroyevāti imassa visesassa pakāsanatthaṃ bhagavatā ayamucchedavādo purimavādehi visiṭṭhākāro desito. Sambhavati hi takkinopi <a name="M1.0175"></a> anussavādivasena adhigamavato viya idha abhiniveso. Atha vā na imā diṭṭhiyo bhagavatā anāgate evaṃ bhāvīvasena desitā, nāpi parikappavasena, atha kho yathā yathā diṭṭhigatikehi ‘‘idameva saccaṃ, moghamañña’’nti paññattā, tathā tathā yathābhuccaṃ sabbaññutaññāṇena paricchinditvā pakāsitā. Yehi gambhīrādippakārā aputhujjanagocarā buddhadhammā pakāsanti, yesañca parikittanena tathāgatā sammadeva thomitā honti. Ucchedavādīhi ca diṭṭhigatikehi yathā uttaruttarabhavadassīhi aparabhavadassīnaṃ tesaṃ vādapaṭisedhavasena sakasakavādā patiṭṭhāpitā, tathāyaṃ desanā pavattāti purimadesanāhi imissā desanāya pavattibhedo na codetabbo. Evañca katvā arūpabhavabhedavasena viya kāmarūpabhavabhedavasenāpi ucchedavādo vibhajitvā daṭṭhabbo. Atha vā paccekaṃ kāmarūpabhavabhedavasena viya arūpabhavavasenāpi na vibhajitvā vattabbo, evañca sati bhagavatā <a name="P1.0229"></a> vuttasattakato bahutarabhedo, appatarabhedo vā ucchedavādo āpajjatīti evaṃ pakārāpi codanā anavakāsāvāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Etthāha – yuttaṃ tāva purimesu tīsu vādesu ‘‘kāyassa bhedā’’ti vuttaṃ pañcavokārabhavapariyāpannaṃ attabhāvaṃ ārabbha pavattattā tesaṃ vādānaṃ, catuvokārabhavapariyāpannaṃ pana attabhāvaṃ nissāya pavattesu catutthādīsu catūsu vādesu kasmā ‘‘kāyassa bhedā’’ti vuttaṃ<a name="V1.0155"></a>. Na hi arūpīnaṃ kāyo vijjatīti? Saccametaṃ, rūpattabhāve pavattavohāreneva pana diṭṭhigatiko arūpattabhāvepi kāyavohāraṃ āropetvā āha ‘‘kāyassa bhedā’’ti. Yathā ca diṭṭhigatikā diṭṭhiyo paññāpenti, tathā ca bhagavā dassetīti, arūpakāyabhāvato vā phassādidhammasamūhabhūte arūpattabhāve kāyaniddeso daṭṭhabbo. Ettha ca kāmadevattabhāvādiniravasesavibhavapatiṭṭhāpakānaṃ dutiyavādādīnaṃ yutto aparantakappikabhāvo anāgataddhavisayattā tesaṃ vādānaṃ, na pana diṭṭhigatikapaccakkhabhūtamanussattabhāvasamucchedapatiṭṭhāpakassa paṭhamavādassa paccuppannavisayattā. Dutiyavādādīnañhi purimapurimavādasaṅgahitasseva attano taduttaruttaribhavopapannassa samucchedato yujjati aparantakappikatā, tathā ca ‘‘no ca kho <a name="M1.0176"></a> bho ayaṃ attā ettāvatā sammā samucchinno hotī’’tiādi vuttaṃ, yaṃ pana tattha vuttaṃ ‘‘atthi kho bho añño attā’’ti, taṃ manussakāyavisesāpekkhāya vuttaṃ, na sabbathā aññabhāvatoti? No na yutto, idhalokapariyāpannattepi ca paṭhamavādavisayassa anāgatakālasseva tassa adhippetattā paṭhamavādinopi aparantakappikatāya na koci virodhoti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Diṭṭhadhammanibbānavādavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para93"></a><a name="para93_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">93</span>. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhadhammo</span>ti <a name="P1.0230"></a> dassanabhūtena ñāṇena upaladdhadhammo. Tattha yo anindriyavisayo, sopi supākaṭabhāvena indriyavisayo viya hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘diṭṭhadhammoti paccakkhadhammo vuccatī’’</span>ti. Teneva ca <span class="bld">‘‘tattha tattha paṭiladdhattabhāvassetaṃ adhivacana’’</span>nti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para95"></a><a name="para95_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">95</span>. <span class="bld">Antonijjhāyanalakkhaṇo</span>ti ñātibhogarogasīladiṭṭhibyasanehi phuṭṭhassa cetaso anto abbhantaraṃ nijjhāyanaṃ socanaṃ antonijjhāyanaṃ, taṃ lakkhaṇaṃ etassāti antonijjhāyanalakkhaṇo. <span class="bld">Tannissitalālappanalakkhaṇo</span>ti taṃ sokaṃ samuṭṭhānahetuṃ nissitaṃ tannissitaṃ, bhusaṃ vilāpanaṃ lālappanaṃ, tannissitañca lālappanañca tannissitalālappanaṃ, taṃ lakkhaṇaṃ etassāti tannissitalālappanalakkhaṇo. Ñātibyasanādinā phuṭṭhassa paridevenāpi asakkuṇantassa antogatasokasamuṭṭhito bhuso āyāso <span class="bld">upāyāso.</span> So pana yasmā cetaso appasannākāro hoti, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘visādalakkhaṇo’’</span>ti vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para96"></a><a name="para96_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">96</span>. Vitakkanaṃ <span class="bld">vitakkitaṃ,</span> taṃ pana abhiniropanasabhāvo vitakkoyevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘abhi…pe… vitakko’’</span>ti. Esa nayo <span class="bld">vicārita</span>nti etthāpi. Khobhakarasabhāvattā vitakkavicārānaṃ <a name="V1.0156"></a> taṃsahitaṃ jhānaṃ saubbilanaṃ viya hotīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sakaṇḍakaṃ viya khāyatī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para97"></a><a name="para97_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">97</span>. Yāya ubbilāpanapītiyā uppannāya cittaṃ ‘‘ubbilāvita’’nti vuccati, sā pīti <span class="bld">ubbilāvitattaṃ</span> yasmā pana cittassa ubbilabhāvo tassā pītiyā sati hoti, nāsati, tasmā sā <span class="bld">‘‘ubbilabhāvakāraṇa’’</span>nti vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para98"></a><a name="para98_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">98</span>. <span class="bld">Ābhogo</span>ti <a name="M1.0177"></a> vā cittassa ābhuggabhāvo, ārammaṇe oṇatabhāvoti attho. Sukhena hi cittaṃ ārammaṇe abhinataṃ hoti, na dukkhena viya apanataṃ, nāpi adukkhamasukhena <a name="P1.0231"></a> viya anabhinataṃ anapanatañca. Tattha ‘‘khuppipāsādiabhibhūtassa viya manuññabhojanādīsu kāmehi viveciyamānassupādārammaṇapatthanā visesato abhivaḍḍhati, uḷārassa pana kāmarasassa yāvadatthaṃ tittassa manuññarasabhojanaṃ bhuttāvino viya suhitassa bhottukāmatā kāmesu pātabyatā na hoti, visayassāgiddhatāya visayehi dummociyehipi jalūkā viya sayameva muñcatī’’ti ca ayoniso ummujjitvā kāmaguṇasantappitatāya saṃsāradukkhavūpasamaṃ byākāsi paṭhamavādī. Kāmādīnaṃ ādīnavadassitāya, paṭhamādijjhānasukhassa santabhāvadassitāya ca paṭhamādijjhānasukhatittiyā saṃsāradukkhupacchedaṃ byākaṃsu dutiyādivādino, idhāpi ucchedavāde vuttappakāro vicāro yathāsambhavaṃ ānetvā vattabbo. Ayaṃ panettha viseso – ekasmiñhi attabhāve pañca vādā labbhanti. Teneva hi pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘añño attā’’ti aññaggahaṇaṃ na kataṃ. Kathaṃ panettha accantanibbānapaññāpakassa attano diṭṭhadhammanibbānavādassa sassatadiṭṭhiyā saṅgaho, na pana ucchedadiṭṭhiyāti? Taṃtaṃsukhavisesasamaṅgitāpaṭiladdhena bandhavimokkhena suddhassa attano sakarūpe avaṭṭhānadīpanato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sesā</span>ti sesā pañcapaññāsa diṭṭhiyo. Tāsu antānantikavādādīnaṃ sassatadiṭṭhibhāvo tattha tattha pakāsitoyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para101-3"></a><a name="para101-3_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">101-3</span>. Kiṃ pana kāraṇaṃ pubbantāparantā eva diṭṭhābhinivesassa visayabhāvena dassitā, na pana tadubhayamekajjhanti? Asambhavato. Na hi pubbantāparantesu viya tadubhayavinimutte majjhante diṭṭhikappanā sambhavati ittarakālattā, atha pana paccuppannabhavo tadubhayavemajjhaṃ, evaṃ sati diṭṭhikappanakkhamo tassa <a name="P1.0232"></a> ubhayasabhāvo pubbantāparantesuyeva antogadhoti kathamadassitaṃ. Atha vā pubbantāparantavantatāya ‘‘pubbantāparanto’’ti majjhanto vuccati<a name="V1.0157"></a>, so ca ‘‘pubbantāparantakappikā vā pubbantāparantānudiṭṭhino’’ti vadantena pubbantāparantehi visuṃ katvā vuttoyevāti daṭṭhabbo. Aṭṭhakathāyampi ‘‘sabbepi te aparantakappike pubbantāparantakappike’’ti etena sāmaññaniddesena, ekasesena vā saṅgahitāti daṭṭhabbaṃ, aññathā <a name="M1.0178"></a> saṅkaḍḍhitvā vuttavacanassa anatthakatā āpajjeyyāti. Ke pana te pubbantāparantakappikā? Ye antānantikā hutvā diṭṭhadhammanibbānavādāti evaṃ pakārā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca ‘‘sabbe te imeheva dvāsaṭṭhiyā vatthūhi, etesaṃ vā aññatarena, natthi ito bahiddhā’’ti vacanato, pubbantakappikādittayavinimuttassa ca kassaci diṭṭhigatikassa abhāvato yāni tāni sāmaññaphalādi (dī. ni. 1.166) suttantaresu vuttappakārāni akiriyāhetukanatthikavādādīni, yāni ca issarapajāpatipurisakālasabhāvaniyatiyadicchāvādādippabhedāni diṭṭhigatāni (visuddhi. ṭī. 2.563; vibha. anuṭī. 189 passitabbaṃ) bahiddhāpi dissamānāni, tesaṃ ettheva saṅgaho, antogadhatā ca veditabbā. Kathaṃ? Akiriyavādo tāva ‘‘vañjho kūṭaṭṭho’’tiādinā kiriyābhāvadīpanato sassatavāde antogadho, tathā ‘‘sattime kāyā’’tiādi <a name="P1.0233"></a> (dī. ni. 1.174) nayappavatto pakudhavādo, ‘‘natthi hetu natthi paccayo sattānaṃ saṃkilesāyā’’tiādi (dī. ni. 1.168) vacanato ahetukavādo adhiccasamuppannikavāde antogadho. ‘‘Natthi paro loko’’tiādi (dī. ni. 1.171) vacanato natthikavādo ucchedavāde antogadho. Tathā hi tattha ‘‘kāyassa bhedā ucchijjatī’’tiādi (dī. ni. 1.86) vuttaṃ. Paṭhamena <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena nigaṇṭhavādādayo saṅgahitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadipi pāḷiyaṃ nāṭaputtavāda (dī. ni. 1.178) bhāvena cātuyāmasaṃvaro āgato, tathāpi sattavatātikkamena vikkhepavāditāya nāṭaputtavādopi sañcayavādo viya amarāvikkhepavādesu antogadho. ‘‘Taṃ jīvaṃ taṃ sarīraṃ, aññaṃ jīvaṃ aññaṃ sarīra’’nti (dī. ni. 1.377; ma. ni. 2.122; saṃ. ni. 2.35) evaṃ pakārā vādā ‘‘rūpī attā hoti arogo paraṃ maraṇā’’tiādivādesu saṅgahaṃ gacchanti, ‘‘hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā, ‘‘atthi sattā opapātikā’’ti evaṃ pakārā sassatavāde. ‘‘Na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā, natthi sattā opapātikā’’ti evaṃ pakārā ucchedavādena saṅgahitā. ‘‘Hoti ca na hoti ca tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā, atthi ca natthi ca sattā opapātikā’’ti evaṃ pakārā ekaccasassatavāde antogadhā. ‘‘Neva hoti na na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā, nevatthi na natthi <a name="V1.0158"></a> sattā opapātikā’’ti ca <a name="P1.0234"></a> evaṃ pakārā amarāvikkhepavāde <a name="M1.0179"></a> antogadhā. Issarapajāpatipurisakālavādā ekaccasassatavāde antogadhā, tathā kaṇādavādo. Sabhāvaniyatiyadicchāvādā adhiccasamuppannikavādena saṅgahitā. Iminā nayena suttantaresu, bahiddhā ca dissamānānaṃ diṭṭhigatānaṃ imāsu dvāsaṭṭhiyā diṭṭhīsu antogadhatā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ajjhāsaya</span>nti diṭṭhijjhāsayaṃ. Sassatucchedadiṭṭhivasena hi sattānaṃ saṃkilesapakkhe duvidho ajjhāsayo, tañca bhagavā aparimāṇāsu lokadhātūsu aparimāṇānaṃ sattānaṃ aparimāṇe eva ñeyyavisese uppajjanavasena anekabhedabhinnānampi ‘‘cattāro janā sassatavādā’’tiādinā dvāsaṭṭhiyā pabhedehi saṅgaṇhanavasena sabbaññutaññāṇena paricchinditvā dassento pamāṇabhūtāya tulāya dhārayamāno viya hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tulāya tulayanto viyā’’</span>ti. Tathā hi vakkhati ‘‘anto jālīkatā’’tiādi (dī. ni. 1.146). <span class="bld">‘‘Sinerupādato vālukaṃ uddharanto viyā’’</span>ti etena sabbaññutaññāṇato aññassa imissā desanāya asakkuṇeyyataṃ dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Anusandhānaṃ anusandhi, pucchāya kato anusandhi <span class="bld">pucchānusandhi.</span> Atha vā anusandhayatīti anusandhi, pucchā anusandhi etassāti <span class="bld">pucchānusandhi.</span> Pucchāya anusandhiyatīti vā <span class="bld">pucchānusandhi. Ajjhāsayānusandhi</span>mhipi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Yathānusandhī</span>ti ettha pana anusandhīyatīti anusandhi, yā yā anusandhi yathānusandhi, anusandhianurūpaṃ vā <span class="bld">yathānusandhī</span>ti saddattho veditabbo, so ‘‘yena pana dhammena ādimhi desanā uṭṭhitā, tassa dhammassa anurūpadhammavasena vā paṭipakkhavasena vā yesu suttesu upari desanā āgacchati, tesaṃ <a name="P1.0235"></a> vasena yathānusandhi veditabbo. Seyyathidaṃ? Ākaṅkheyyasutte (ma. ni. 1.64-69) heṭṭhā sīlena desanā uṭṭhitā, upari cha abhiññā āgatā…pe… kakacūpame (ma. ni. 1.222) heṭṭhā akkhantiyā uṭṭhitā, upari kakacūpamā āgatā’’tiādinā aṭṭhakathāyaṃ (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 1.100-104) vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Iti kirā</span>ti bhagavato yathādesitāya attasuññatāya attano aruccanabhāvadīpanaṃ. <span class="bld">Bho</span>ti dhammālapanaṃ. <span class="bld">Anattakatānī</span>ti attanā na katāni, anattakehi vā khandhehi katāni. <span class="bld">Kamattānaṃ phusissantī</span>ti asati attani <a name="M1.0180"></a> khandhānañca khaṇikattā kammāni kaṃ attānaṃ attano phalena phusissanti, ko kammaphalaṃ paṭisaṃvedetīti attho. <span class="bld">Avidvā</span>ti sutādivirahena ariyadhammassa akovidatāya na vidvā. <span class="bld">Avijjāgato</span>ti avijjāya upagato, ariyadhamme avinītatāya appahīnāvijjoti attho. <span class="bld">Taṇhādhipateyyena cetasā</span>ti ‘‘yadi ahaṃ nāma koci natthi<a name="V1.0159"></a>, mayā katassa kammassa ko phalaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti, sati pana tasmiṃ siyā phalūpabhogo’’ti taṇhādhipatito <span class="bld">āgato taṇhādhipateyyo,</span> tena. Attavādupādānasahagata <span class="bld">cetasā. Atidhāvitabba</span>nti khaṇikattepi saṅkhārānaṃ yasmiṃ santāne kammaṃ kataṃ, tattheva phaluppattito dhammapuñjamattasseva ca siddhe kammaphalasambandhe ekattanayaṃ micchā gahetvā ekena kārakavedakabhūtena bhavitabbaṃ, aññathā ‘‘kammaphalānaṃ sambandho na siyā’’ti attattaniyasuññatāpakāsanaṃ satthusāsanaṃ atikkamitabbaṃ maññeyyāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Upari cha abhiññā āgatā’’</span>ti anurūpadhammavasena yathānusandhiṃ dasseti, itarehi paṭipakkhavasena. <span class="bld">Kilesenā</span>ti ‘‘lobho cittassa upakkileso’’tiādinā kilesavasena. <span class="bld">Imasmimpī</span>ti <span class="bld">pi</span>-saddena yathā vuttasuttādīsu paṭipakkhavasena yathānusandhi, evaṃ imasmimpi <a name="P1.0236"></a> sutteti dasseti. Tathā hi niccasārādipaññāpakānaṃ diṭṭhigatānaṃ vasena uṭṭhitā ayaṃ desanā niccasārādisuññatāpakāsanena niṭṭhāpitāti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Paritassitavipphanditavāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para105-117"></a><a name="para105-117_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">105-117</span>. <span class="bld">Mariyādavibhāgadassanattha</span>nti sassatādidiṭṭhidassanassa sammādassanena saṅkarābhāvavibhāvanatthaṃ. Tadapi vedayitanti sambandho. <span class="bld">Ajānataṃ apassata</span>nti ‘‘sassato attā ca loko cā’’ti ‘‘idaṃ diṭṭhiṭṭhānaṃ evaṃgahikaṃ evaṃparāmaṭṭhaṃ evaṃgahitaṃ hoti evaṃabhisamparāya’’nti yathābhūtaṃ ajānantānaṃ apassantānaṃ. Tathā yasmiṃ vedayite avītataṇhatāya evaṃ diṭṭhigataṃ upādiyanti, taṃ vedayitaṃ samudayādito yathābhūtaṃ ajānantānaṃ apassantānaṃ, etena anāvaraṇañāṇasamantacakkhūhi yathā tathāgatānaṃ yathābhūtamettha ñāṇadassanaṃ, na evaṃ diṭṭhigatikānaṃ, atha kho taṇhādiṭṭhiparāmāsoyevāti dasseti. Teneva cāyaṃ desanā mariyādavibhāgadassanatthā jātā. Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ pana ‘‘yathābhūtaṃ dhammānaṃ <a name="M1.0181"></a> sabhāvaṃ ajānantānaṃ apassantāna’’nti avisesena vuttaṃ. Na hi saṅkhatadhammasabhāvaṃ ajānanamattena micchā abhinivisantīti. Sāmaññajotanā visese avatiṭṭhatīti ayaṃ visesayojanā katā. <span class="bld">Vedayita</span>nti ‘‘sassato attā ca loko cā’’ti diṭṭhipaññāpanavasena pavattaṃ diṭṭhiyā anubhūtaṃ anubhavanaṃ. <span class="bld">Taṇhāgatāna</span>nti taṇhāya gatānaṃ upagatānaṃ, pavattānaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Tañca kho paneta</span>nti ca yathāvuttaṃ vedayitaṃ paccāmasati. Tañhi vaṭṭāmisabhūtaṃ diṭṭhitaṇhāsallānuviddhatāya saubbilattā cañcalaṃ, na maggaphalasukhaṃ viya ekarūpena avatiṭṭhatīti. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘paritassitenā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha <a name="V1.0160"></a> vā evaṃ visesakāraṇato dvāsaṭṭhi diṭṭhigatāni vibhajitvā idāni avisesakāraṇato tāni dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tatra bhikkhave’’</span>tiādikā desanā āraddhā. Sabbesañhi diṭṭhigatikānaṃ vedanā avijjā taṇhā ca avisiṭṭhakāranti. Tattha <span class="bld">tadapī</span>ti ‘‘sassataṃ attānañca lokañca paññapenti’’ti ettha yadetaṃ <a name="P1.0237"></a> ‘‘sassato attā ca loko cā’’ti paññāpanaṃ, tadapi. Sukhādibhedaṃ tividhavedayitaṃ yathākkamaṃ dukkhasallāniccato, avisesena samudayatthaṅgamassādādīnavanissaraṇato vā yathābhūtaṃ ajānantānaṃ apassantānaṃ, tato eva ca sukhādipatthanāsambhavato taṇhāya upagatattā taṇhāgatānaṃ taṇhāparitassitena diṭṭhivipphanditameva diṭṭhicalanameva, ‘‘asati attani ko vedanaṃ anubhavatī’’ti kāyavacīdvāresu diṭṭhiyā copanappattimattameva vā, na pana diṭṭhiyā paññāpetabbo sassato koci dhammo atthīti attho. Ekaccasassatavādādīsupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="subhead">Phassapaccayavāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para118"></a><a name="para118_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">118</span>. Yena taṇhāparitassitena etāni diṭṭhigatāni pavattanti, tassa vedayitaṃ paccayo, vedayitassāpi phasso paccayoti desanā diṭṭhiyā paccayaparamparaniddhāraṇanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘paramparapaccayadassanattha’’</span>nti, tena yathā paññāpanadhammo diṭṭhi, tappaccayadhammā ca yathāsakaṃ paccayavaseneva uppajjanti, na paccayehi vinā, evaṃ paññāpetabbā dhammāpi rūpavedanādayo, na ettha koci attā vā loko vā sassatoti ayamattho dassitoti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Netaṃṭhānaṃvijjativāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para131"></a><a name="para131_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">131</span>. <span class="bld">Tassa</span> <a name="M1.0182"></a> <span class="bld">paccayassā</span>ti phassapaccayassa <span class="bld">diṭṭhivedayite</span>ti diṭṭhiyā paccayabhūte vedayite, phassapadhānehi attano paccayehi nipphādetabbeti attho. Vināpi cakkhādivatthūhi, sampayuttadhammehi ca kehici vedanā uppajjati, na pana kadāci phassena vināti phasso vedanāya balavakāraṇanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘balavabhāvadassanattha’’</span>nti. Sannihitopi hi visayo sace phusanākārarahito hoti cittuppādo, na tassa ārammaṇapaccayena paccayo hotīti phassova sampayuttadhammānaṃ visesapaccayo. Tathā hi bhagavatā cittuppādaṃ vibhajantena phassoyeva paṭhamaṃ uddhaṭo, vedanāya pana adhiṭṭhānameva.</p>
<p class="subhead">Diṭṭhigatikādhiṭṭhānavaṭṭakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para144"></a><a name="para144_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">144</span>. Heṭṭhā <a name="V1.0161"></a> tīsupi vāresu adhikatattā, upari ca ‘‘paṭisaṃvedentī’’ti vakkhamānattā vedayitamettha padhānanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbadiṭṭhivedayitāni sampiṇḍetī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sampiṇḍetī</span>ti ca ‘‘yepi te’’ti tattha tattha āgatassa pi-saddassa atthaṃ dasseti. Vedayitassa phasse pakkhipanaṃ phassapaccayatādassanameva ‘‘chahi ajjhattikāyatanehi <a name="P1.0238"></a> chaḷārammaṇapaṭisaṃvedanaṃ ekantato chaphassahetukamevā’’ti. Sañjāyanti etthāti adhikaraṇattho sañjāti-saddoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sañjātiṭṭhāne’’</span>ti. Evaṃ samosaraṇasaddopi daṭṭhabbo. Āyatati ettha phalaṃ tadāyattavuttitāya, āyabhūtaṃ vā attano phalaṃ tanoti pavattetīti <span class="bld">āyatanaṃ,</span> kāraṇaṃ. Rukkhagacchasamūhe araññavohāro araññameva araññāyatananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘paṇṇattimatte’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Atthattayepī</span>ti <span class="bld">pi</span>-saddena avuttatthasampiṇḍanaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ, tena ākāranivāsādhiṭṭhānatthe saṅgaṇhāti. Hiraññāyatanaṃ suvaṇṇāyatanaṃ, vāsudevāyatanaṃ kammāyatananti ādīsu ākaranivāsādhiṭṭhānesu āyatanasaddo. Cakkhādīsu ca phassādayo ākiṇṇā, tāni ca nesaṃ nivāso, adhiṭṭhānañca nissayapaccayabhāvatoti. Tiṇṇampi visayindriyaviññāṇānaṃ saṅgatibhāvena gahetabbo phassoti <span class="bld">‘‘saṅgatī’’</span>ti vutto. Tathā hi so ‘‘sannipātapaccupaṭṭhāno’’ti vuccati. <span class="bld">Iminā nayenā</span>ti vijjamānesupi aññesu sampayuttadhammesu yathā ‘‘cakkhuñca…pe… phasso’’ti <a name="M1.0183"></a> (ma. ni. 1.204; ma. ni. 3.421, 425, 426; saṃ. ni. 2.43-45; saṃ. ni. 4.60; kathā. 465) etasmiṃ sutte vedanāya padhānakāraṇabhāvadassanatthaṃ phassasīsena desanā katā, evamidhāpi brahmajāle ‘‘phassapaccayā vedanā’’tiādinā phassaṃ ādiṃ katvā aparantapaṭiccasamuppādadīpanena paccayaparamparaṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘phassāyatanehi phussa phussā’’ti phassamukhena vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Phasso arūpadhammopi samāno ekadesena ārammaṇe anallīyamānopi phusanākārena pavattati phusanto viya hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘phassova taṃ taṃ ārammaṇaṃ phusatī’’</span>ti, yena so ‘‘phusanalakkhaṇo, saṅghaṭṭanaraso’’ti ca <a name="P1.0239"></a> vuccati. ‘‘Phassāyatanehi phussa phussā’’ti aphusanakiccānipi āyatanāni ‘‘mañcā ghosantī’’tiādīsu viya nissitavohārena phusanakiccāni katvā dassitānīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘phasse upanikkhipitvā’’</span>ti, phassagatikāni katvā phassūpacāraṃ āropetvāti attho. Upacāro hi nāma vohāramattaṃ, na tena atthasiddhi hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tasmā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Attano <a name="V1.0162"></a> paccayabhūtānaṃ channaṃ phassānaṃ vasena cakkhusamphassajā yāva manosamphassajāti saṅkhepato chabbidhā vedanā, vitthārato pana aṭṭhasatapariyāyena aṭṭhasatabhedā. <span class="bld">Rūpataṇhādibhedāyā</span>ti rūpataṇhā yāva dhammataṇhāti saṅkhepato chappabhedāya, vitthārato aṭṭhasatabhedāya. <span class="bld">Upanissayakoṭiyā</span>ti upanissayasīsena. Kasmā panettha upanissayapaccayova uddhaṭo, nanu sukhā vedanā, adukkhamasukhā vedanā ca taṇhāya ārammaṇamattaārammaṇādhipatiārammaṇūpanissayapakatūpanissayavasena catudhā paccayo, dukkhā ca ārammaṇamattapakatūpanissayavasena dvidhāti? Saccametaṃ, upanissaye eva pana taṃ sabbaṃ antogadhaṃ. Yuttaṃ tāva ārammaṇūpanissayassa upanissayasāmaññato upanissayena saṅgaho, ārammaṇamattaārammaṇādhipatīnaṃ pana kathanti? Tesampi ārammaṇasāmaññato ārammaṇūpanissayena saṅgahova kato, na pakatūpanissayenāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Etadatthamevettha <span class="bld">‘‘upanissayakoṭiyā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ, na ‘‘upanissayenā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Catubbidhassā</span>ti kāmupādānaṃ yāva attavādupādānanti catubbidhassa. Nanu ca taṇhāva kāmupādānanti? Saccametaṃ. Tattha dubbalā <a name="P1.0240"></a> taṇhā taṇhāva, balavatī <a name="M1.0184"></a> taṇhā kāmupādānaṃ. Atha vā appattavisayapatthanā taṇhā tamasi corānaṃ karapasāraṇaṃ viya. Sampattavisayaggahaṇaṃ upādānaṃ, corānaṃ karappattadhanaggahaṇaṃ viya. Appicchatāpaṭipakkhā taṇhā, santosapaṭipakkhā upādānaṃ. Pariyesanadukkhamūlaṃ taṇhā, ārakkhadukkhamūlaṃ upādānanti ayametesaṃ viseso. <span class="bld">Upādānassā</span>ti asahajātassa upādānassa upanissayakoṭiyā, itarassa sahajātakoṭiyāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Tattha anantarassa anantarasamanantaraanantarūpanissayanatthivigatāsevanapaccayehi, anānantarassa upanissayena, ārammaṇabhūtā pana ārammaṇādhipatiārammaṇūpanissayehi, ārammaṇamatteneva vāti taṃ sabbaṃ upanissayeneva gahetvā <span class="bld">‘‘upanissayakoṭiyā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Yasmā ca taṇhāya rūpādīni assādetvā kāmesu pātabyataṃ āpajjati, tasmā taṇhā kāmupādānassa upanissayo. Tathā rūpādibhedeva sammūḷho ‘‘natthi dinna’’ntiādinā (dī. ni. 1.171; ma. ni. 1.445; ma. ni. 2.94, 95, 225; ma. ni. 3.91, 116, 136; saṃ. ni. 3.210; dha. sa. 1221; vibha. 938) micchādassanaṃ, saṃsārato muccitukāmo asuddhimagge suddhimaggaparāmasanaṃ, khandhesu attattaniyagāhabhūtaṃ sakkāyadassanaṃ gaṇhāti, tasmā itaresampi taṇhā upanissayoti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Sahajātassa pana sahajātaaññamaññanissayasampayuttaatthiavigatahetuvasena taṇhā paccayo hoti. Taṃ sabbaṃ sandhāya <span class="bld">‘‘sahajātakoṭiyā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tathā</span>ti <a name="V1.0163"></a> upanissayakoṭiyā ceva sahajātakoṭiyā cāti attho. <span class="bld">Bhavassā</span>ti kammabhavassa ceva upapattibhavassa ca. Tattha cetanādisaṅkhā taṃ sabbaṃ bhavagāmikammaṃ kammabhavo, kāmabhavādiko navavidho upapattibhavo, tesaṃ upapattibhavassa catubbidhampi upādānaṃ upapattibhavakāraṇakammabhavakāraṇabhāvato<a name="P1.0241"></a>, tassa ca sahāyabhāvūpagamanato pakatūpanissayavasena paccayo hoti. Kammārammaṇakaraṇakāle pana kammasahajātakāmupādānaṃ upapattibhavassa ārammaṇapaccayena paccayo hoti. Kammabhavassa pana sahajātassa sahajātaṃ upādānaṃ sahajātaaññamaññanissayasampayuttaatthiavigatavasena ceva hetumaggavasena ca anekadhā paccayo hoti, asahajātassa anantarasamanantaraanantarūpanissayanatthivigatāsevanavasena, itarassa pakatūpanissayavasena, sammasanādikālesu ārammaṇavasena ca paccayo hoti. Tattha anantarādike <a name="M1.0185"></a> upanissayapaccaye, sahajātādike sahajātapaccaye pakkhipitvā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘upanissayakoṭiyā ceva sahajātakoṭiyā cā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhavo jātiyā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">bhavo</span>ti kammabhavo adhippeto. So hi jātiyā paccayo, na upapattibhavo. Upapattibhavo hi paṭhamābhinibbattā khandhā jātiyeva. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘jātīti panettha savikārā pañcakkhandhā daṭṭhabbā’’ti. <span class="bld">Savikārā</span>ti ca nibbattivikārena savikārā, te ca atthato upapattibhavoyeva. Na hi tadeva tassa kāraṇaṃ bhavituṃ yuttanti. Kammabhavo ca upapattibhavassa kammapaccayena ceva upanissayapaccayena ca paccayo hotīti āha ‘‘bhavo jātiyā upanissayakoṭiyā paccayo’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā ca sati jātiyā jarāmaraṇaṃ, jarāmaraṇādinā phuṭṭhassa bālassa sokādayo ca sambhavanti, nāsati, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘jāti…pe… paccayo hotī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Sahajātūpanissayasīsena paccayavicāraṇāya dassitattā, aṅgavicāraṇāya ca anāmaṭṭhattā āha <span class="bld">‘‘ayamettha saṅkhepo’’</span>ti. Mahāvisayattā paṭiccasamuppādavicāraṇāya sā niravasesā kuto laddhabbāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vitthārato’’</span>tiādi. Ekadesena cettha kathitassa paṭiccasamuppādassa tathā kathane saddhiṃ udāharaṇena kāraṇaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘bhagavā hī’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">koṭi na paññāyatī</span>ti asukassa nāma sammāsambuddhassa, cakkavattino vā kāle avijjā uppannā, na tato pubbeti avijjāya ādimariyādā appaṭihatassa mama sabbaññutaññāṇassāpi na paññāyati avijjamānattāyevāti attho. Ayaṃ paccayo idappaccayo, tasmā <span class="bld">idappaccayā,</span> imasmā kāraṇā <a name="P1.0242"></a> āsavapaccayāti attho. <span class="bld">Bhavataṇhāyā</span>ti bhavasaṃyojanabhūtāya taṇhāya. <span class="bld">Bhavadiṭṭhiyā</span>ti <a name="V1.0164"></a> sassatadiṭṭhiyā. <span class="bld">‘‘Ito ettha etto idhā’’</span>ti apariyantaṃ aparāparuppattiṃ dasseti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Vivaṭṭakathādivaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para145"></a><a name="para145_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">145</span>. ‘‘Vedanānaṃ samudaya’’ntiādipāḷi <span class="bld">vedanākammaṭṭhāna</span>nti daṭṭhabbā. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti ‘‘phassasamudayā phassanirodhā’’ti vuttaphassaṭṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Āhāro</span>ti kabaḷīkāro āhāro veditabbo. So hi ‘‘kabaḷīkāro āhāro imassa <a name="M1.0186"></a> kāyassa āhārapaccayena paccayo’’ti (paṭṭhā. 1.paccayaniddesa 429) vacanato kammasamuṭṭhānānampi upatthambhakapaccayo hotiyeva. Yadipi sotāpannādayo yathābhūtaṃ pajānanti, ukkaṃsagativijānanavasena pana desanā arahattanikūṭena niṭṭhāpitā. Ettha ca ‘‘yato kho bhikkhave bhikkhu…pe… yathābhūtaṃ pajānātī’’ti etena dhammassa niyyānikabhāvena saddhiṃ saṅghassa suppaṭipattiṃ dasseti. Teneva hi aṭṭhakathāyamettha ‘‘ko evaṃ jānātīti? Khīṇāsavo jānāti, yāva āraddhavipassako jānātī’’ti paripuṇṇaṃ katvā bhikkhusaṅgho dassito, tena yaṃ vuttaṃ ‘‘bhikkhusaṅghavasenapi dīpetuṃ vaṭṭatī’’ti, (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 1.8) taṃ yathārutavaseneva dīpitaṃ hotīti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para146"></a><a name="para146_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">146</span>. Anto jālassāti antojālaṃ, antojāle katāti <span class="bld">antojālīkatā.</span> Apāyūpapattivasena adho osīdanaṃ, sampattibhavavasena uddhaṃ uggamanaṃ. Tathā parittabhūmimahaggatabhūmivasena, olīnatā’tidhāvanavasena, pubbantānudiṭṭhiaparantānudiṭṭhivasena ca yathākkamaṃ adho osīdanaṃ uddhaṃ uggamanaṃ yojetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Dasasahassilokadhātū’’</span>ti <a name="P1.0243"></a> jātikhettaṃ sandhāyāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para147"></a><a name="para147_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">147</span>. <span class="bld">Apaṇṇattikabhāva</span>nti dharamānakapaṇṇattiyā apaṇṇattikabhāvaṃ. Atītabhāvena pana tathā paṇṇatti yāva sāsanantaradhānā, tato uddhampi aññabuddhuppādesu vattati eva. Tathā hi vakkhati ‘‘vohāramattameva bhavissatī’’ti (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 1.147). <span class="bld">Kāyo</span>ti attabhāvo, yo rūpārūpadhammasamūho. Evaṃ hissa ambarukkhasadisatā, tadavayavānañca rūpakkhandhacakkhādīnaṃ ambapakkasadisatā yujjatīti. Ettha ca vaṇṭacchede vaṇṭūpanibandhānaṃ ambapakkānaṃ ambarukkhato vicchedo viya bhavanettichede tadupanibandhānaṃ rūpakkhandhādīnaṃ santānato vicchedoti ettāvatā opammaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para148"></a><a name="para148_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">148</span>. <span class="bld">Dhammapariyāye</span>ti <a name="V1.0165"></a> pāḷiyaṃ. <span class="bld">Idhattho</span>ti diṭṭhadhammahitaṃ. <span class="bld">Parattho</span>ti samparāyahitaṃ. Saṅgāmaṃ vijināti etenāti <span class="bld">saṅgāmavijayo.</span> Atthasampattiyā <span class="bld">atthajālaṃ. </span> Byañjanasampattiyā, sīlādianavajjadhammaniddesato ca <span class="bld">dhammajālaṃ.</span> Seṭṭhaṭṭhena brahmabhūtānaṃ maggaphalanibbānānaṃ vibhattattā <span class="bld">brahmajālaṃ.</span> Diṭṭhivivecanamukhena suññatāpakāsanena sammādiṭṭhiyā vibhāvitattā <span class="bld">diṭṭhijālaṃ.</span> Titthiyavādanimmaddanūpāyattā <span class="bld">anuttaro saṅgāmavijayo</span>ti evampettha yojanā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para149"></a><a name="para149_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">149</span>. <span class="bld">Attamanā</span>ti <a name="M1.0187"></a> pītiyā gahitacittā. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘buddhagatāyā’’</span>tiādi. Yathā pana anattamanā attano anatthacaratāya paramanā verimanā nāma honti. Yathāha ‘‘diso disa’’nti (dha. pa. 42; udā. 33) gāthā, na evaṃ attamanā. Ime pana attano atthacaratāya <a name="P1.0244"></a> sakamanā hontīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘attamanāti sakamanā’’</span>ti. Atha vā <span class="bld">attamanā</span>ti samattamanā, imāya desanāya paripuṇṇamanasaṅkappāti attho. <span class="bld">Abhinandatī</span>ti taṇhāyatīti atthoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘taṇhāyampi āgato’’</span>ti. Anekatthattā dhātūnaṃ <span class="bld">abhinandantī</span>ti upagacchanti sevantīti atthoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘upagamanepi āgato’’</span>ti. Tathā <span class="bld">abhinandantī</span>ti sampaṭicchantīti atthoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sampaṭicchanepi āgato’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">‘‘Abhinanditvā’’</span>ti iminā padena vuttoyeva attho <span class="bld">‘‘anumoditvā’’</span>ti iminā pakāsīyatīti abhinandanasaddo idha anumodanasaddatthoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘anumodanepi āgato’’</span>ti. ‘‘Katamañca taṃ bhikkhave’’tiādinā (dī. ni. 1.7) tattha tattha pavattāya kathetukamyatāpucchāya vissajjanavasena pavattattā idaṃ suttaṃ <span class="bld">veyyākaraṇaṃ</span> hoti. Yasmā pana pucchāvissajjanavasena pavattampi sagāthakaṃ suttaṃ geyyaṃ nāma hoti, niggāthakattameva pana aṅganti gāthārahitaṃ veyyākaraṇaṃ, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘niggāthakattā hi idaṃ veyyākaraṇanti vutta’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aparesupī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">pi</span>saddena pāramiparicayampi saṅgaṇhāti. Vuttañhi buddhavaṃse –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Ime dhamme sammasato, sabhāvasarasalakkhaṇe;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Dhammatejena vasudhā, dasasahassī pakampathā’’ti. (bu. vaṃ. 2.166);</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vīriyabalenā</span>ti <span class="bld">mahābhinikkhamane</span> cakkavattisiripariccāgahetubhūtavīriyappabhāvena, <span class="bld">bodhimaṇḍūpasaṅkamane</span> ‘‘kāmaṃ taco ca nhāru ca, aṭṭhi ca avasissatū’’tiādinā (ma. ni. 2.184; saṃ. ni. 2.22; mahāni. 196) vuttacaturaṅgasamannāgatavīriyānubhāvena. <span class="bld">Acchariyavegābhihatā</span>ti vimhayāvahakiriyānubhāvaghaṭṭitā<a name="P1.0245"></a>. <span class="bld">Paṃsukūladhovane</span> keci ‘‘puññatejenā’’ti vadanti<a name="V1.0166"></a>, acchariyavegābhihatāti yuttaṃ viya dissati, <span class="bld">vessantarajātake</span> pāramiparipūraṇapuññatejena anekakkhattuṃ kampitattā <span class="bld">‘‘akālakampanenā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sādhukāradānavasena akampittha</span> <a name="M1.0188"></a> yathā taṃ dhammacakkappavattane (saṃ. ni. 5.1081; mahāva. 13; paṭi. ma. 2.30). Saṅgītikālādīsupi sādhukāradānavasena akampitthāti veditabbaṃ. Ayaṃ tāvettha aṭṭhakathāya līnatthavaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Pakaraṇanayavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ayaṃ pana pakaraṇanayena pāḷiyā atthavaṇṇanā – sā panāyaṃ atthavaṇṇanā yasmā desanāya samuṭṭhānappayojanabhājanesu piṇḍatthesu ca niddhāritesu sukarā hoti suviññeyyā ca, tasmā suttadesanāya samuṭṭhānādīni paṭhamaṃ niddhārayissāma. Tattha <span class="bld">samuṭṭhānaṃ</span> tāva vuttaṃ ‘‘vaṇṇāvaṇṇabhaṇana’’nti. Apica nindāpasaṃsāsu vineyyāghātānandādibhāvānāpatti, tattha ca ādīnavadassanaṃ <span class="bld">samuṭṭhānaṃ.</span> Tathā nindāpasaṃsāsu paṭipajjanakkamassa, pasaṃsāvisayassa khuddakādivasena anekavidhassa sīlassa, sabbaññutaññāṇassa sassatādidiṭṭhiṭṭhānesu tatuttari ca appaṭihatacāratāya, tathāgatassa ca katthaci apariyāpannatāya anavabodho <span class="bld">samuṭṭhānaṃ.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext">Vuttavipariyāyena <span class="bld">payojanaṃ</span> veditabbaṃ. Vineyyāghātānandādibhāvāpatti ādikañhi imaṃ desanaṃ payojetīti. Tathā kuhanalapanādinānāvidhamicchājīvaviddhaṃsanaṃ, dvāsaṭṭhidiṭṭhijālaviniveṭhanaṃ, diṭṭhisīsena paccayākāravibhāvanaṃ, chaphassāyatanavasena catusaccakammaṭṭhānaniddeso, sabbadiṭṭhigatānaṃ anavasesapariyādānaṃ, attano anupādāparinibbānadīpanañca <span class="bld">payojanāni.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext">Vaṇṇāvaṇṇanimittaṃ anurodhavirodhavantacittā kuhanādivividhamicchājīvaniratā sassatādidiṭṭhipaṅkaṃ nimuggā, sīlakkhandhādīsu aparipūrakāritāya anavabuddhaguṇavisesañāṇā vineyyā imissā dhammadesanāya <span class="bld">bhājanaṃ.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Piṇḍatthā</span> <a name="P1.0246"></a> pana āghātādīnaṃ akaraṇīyatāvacanena paṭiññānurūpaṃ samaṇasaññāya niyojanaṃ, khantisoraccānuṭṭhānaṃ, brahmavihārabhāvanānuyogo, saddhāpaññāsamāyogo, satisampajaññādhiṭṭhānaṃ, paṭisaṅkhānabhāvanābalasiddhi, pariyuṭṭhānānusayappahānaṃ, ubhayahitapaṭipatti, lokadhammehi anupalepo ca dassitā honti. Tathā pāṇātipātādīhi paṭivirativacanena sīlavisuddhi <a name="V1.0167"></a> dassitā, tāya ca hirottappasampatti, mettākaruṇāsamaṅgitā<a name="M1.0189"></a>, vītikkamappahānaṃ, tadaṅgapahānaṃ, duccaritasaṃkilesappahānaṃ, viratittayasiddhi, piyamanāpagarubhāvanīyatānipphatti, lābhasakkārasilokasamudāgamo, samathavipassanānaṃ adhiṭṭhānabhāvo, akusalamūlatanukaraṇaṃ, kusalamūlaropanaṃ, ubhayānatthadūrīkaraṇaṃ, parisāsu visāradatā, appamādavihāro,parehi duppadhaṃsiyatā, avippaṭisārādisamaṅgitā ca dassitā honti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Gambhīrā’’</span>tiādivacanehi gambhīradhammavibhāvanaṃ, alabbhaneyyapatiṭṭhatā, kappānaṃ asaṅkhyeyyenāpi dullabhapātubhāvatā, sukhumenapi ñāṇena paccakkhato paṭivijjhituṃ asakkuṇeyyatā, dhammanvayasaṅkhātena anumānañāṇenāpi duradhigamanīyatā, passaddhasabbadarathatā, santadhammavibhāvanaṃ, sobhanapariyosānatā, atittikarabhāvo, padhānabhāvappatti, yathābhūtañāṇagocaratā, sukhumasabhāvatā, mahāpaññāvibhāvanā ca dassitā honti. Diṭṭhidīpakapadehi samāsato sassatucchedadiṭṭhiyo pakāsitāti olīnatātidhāvanavibhāvanaṃ, upāyavinibaddhaniddeso, micchābhinivesakittanaṃ, kummaggapaṭipattiyā pakāsanā, vipariyesaggāhapaññāpanaṃ, parāmāsapariggaho, pubbantāparantānudiṭṭhipatiṭṭhāpanaṃ, bhavavibhavadiṭṭhivibhāgo, taṇhāvijjāpavatti, antavānantavādiṭṭhiniddeso, antadvayāvatāraṇaṃ, āsavoghayogakilesaganthasaṃyojanūpādānavisesavibhajjanañca dassitāni honti. Tathā <span class="bld">‘‘vedanānaṃ samudaya’’</span>ntiādivacanehi catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ anubodhapaṭivedhasiddhi, vikkhambhanasamucchedappahānaṃ<a name="P1.0247"></a>, taṇhāvijjāvigamo, saddhammaṭṭhitinimittapariggaho, āgamādhigamasampatti, ubhayahitapaṭipatti, tividhapaññāpariggaho, satisampajaññānuṭṭhānaṃ, saddhāpaññāsamāyogo, sammāvīriyasamathānuyojanaṃ, samathavipassanānipphatti ca dassitā honti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Ajānataṃ apassata’’</span>nti avijjāsiddhi, <span class="bld">‘‘taṇhāgatānaṃ paritassitavipphandita</span>nti taṇhāsiddhi, tadubhayena ca nīvaraṇasaṃyojanadvayasiddhi, anamataggasaṃsāravaṭṭānucchedo, pubbantāharaṇaaparantapaṭisandhānāni, atītapaccuppannakālavasena hetuvibhāgo, avijjātaṇhānaṃ aññamaññānativattanaṭṭhena aññamaññūpakāritā, paññāvimutticetovimuttīnaṃ paṭipakkhaniddeso ca dassitā honti. <span class="bld">‘‘Tadapi phassapaccayā’’</span>ti sassatādipaññāpanassa paccayādhīnavuttitākathanena <a name="M1.0190"></a> dhammānaṃ niccatāpaṭisedho, aniccatāpatiṭṭhāpanaṃ, paramatthato kārakādipaṭikkhepo, evaṃdhammatādiniddeso, suññatāpakāsanaṃ, samattaniyāmapaccayalakkhaṇavibhāvanañca dassitāni honti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Ucchinnabhavanettiko’’</span>tiādinā <a name="V1.0168"></a> bhagavato pahānasampatti, vijjādhimutti, vasībhāvo, sikkhattayanipphatti, nibbānadhātudvayavibhāgo, caturadhiṭṭhānaparipūraṇaṃ, bhavayoniādīsu apariyāpannatā ca dassitā honti. Sakalena pana suttapadena iṭṭhāniṭṭhesu bhagavato tādibhāvo, tattha ca paresaṃ patiṭṭhāpanaṃ, kusaladhammānaṃ ādibhūtadhammadvayassa niddeso, sikkhattayūpadeso, attantapādipuggalacatukkasiddhi, kaṇhākaṇhavipākādikammacatukkavibhāgo, caturappamaññāvisayaniddeso, samudayādipañcakassa yathābhūtāvabodho, chasāraṇīyadhammavibhāvanā<a name="P1.0248"></a>, dasanāthakaradhammapatiṭṭhāpanti evamādayo niddhāretabbā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Soḷasahāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">Desanāhāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha ‘‘attā, loko’’ti ca diṭṭhiyā adhiṭṭhānabhāvena, vedanāphassāyatanādimukhena ca gahitesu pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu taṇhāvajjā pañcupādānakkhandhā <span class="bld">dukkhasaccaṃ.</span> Taṇhā <span class="bld">samudayasaccaṃ.</span> Sā pana paritassanāggahaṇena ‘‘taṇhāgatāna’’nti, ‘‘vedanāpaccayā taṇhā’’ti ca sarūpeneva samudayaggahaṇena, bhavanettiggahaṇena ca pāḷiyaṃ gahitāva. Ayaṃ tāva suttantanayo. Abhidhammanayena pana āghātānandādivacanehi, ātappādipadehi, cittappadosavacanena, sabbadiṭṭhidīpakapadehi, kusalākusalaggahaṇena, bhavaggahaṇena, sokādiggahaṇena, tattha tattha samudayaggahaṇena cāti saṅkhepato sabbalokiyakusalākusaladhammavibhāvanapadehi gahitā kammakilesā <span class="bld">samudayasaccaṃ.</span> Ubhinnaṃ appavatti <span class="bld">nirodhasaccaṃ.</span> Tassa tattha tattha vedanānaṃ atthaṅgamanissaraṇapariyāyehi, paccattaṃ nibbutivacanena, anupādāvimuttivacanena ca pāḷiyaṃ gahaṇaṃ veditabbaṃ. Nirodhapajānanā paṭipadā <span class="bld">maggasaccaṃ.</span> Tassāpi tattha tattha vedanānaṃ samudayādiyathābhūtavedanāpadesena, channaṃ phassāyatanānaṃ samudayādiyathābhūtapajānanapariyāyena, bhavanettiyā ucchedapariyāyena ca gahaṇaṃ veditabbaṃ. Tattha samudayena <span class="bld">assādo,</span> dukkhena <span class="bld">ādīnavo,</span> magganirodhehi <a name="M1.0191"></a> <span class="bld">nissaraṇa</span>nti evaṃ catusaccavasena, yāni <span class="bld">pāḷiyaṃ</span> (netti. 9) sarūpeneva āgatāni assādādīnavanissaraṇāni, tesañca vasena idha assādādayo veditabbā. Vineyyānantādibhāvāpattiādikaṃ yathāvuttavibhāgaṃ payojanameva <span class="bld">phalaṃ.</span> Āghātādīnaṃ akaraṇīyatā, āghātādiphalassa ca anaññasantānabhāvitā, nindāpasaṃsāsu yathāsabhāvapaṭijānananibbeṭhanāti evaṃ taṃtaṃpayojanādhigamahetu <span class="bld">upāyo. </span> Āghātādīnaṃ <a name="P1.0249"></a> karaṇapaṭisedhanādiapadesena dhammarājassa <span class="bld">āṇatti</span> veditabbāti ayaṃ <span class="bld">desanāhāro.</span></p>
<p class="subhead">Vicayahāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kappanābhāvepi <a name="V1.0169"></a> vohāravasena, anuvādavasena ca ‘‘mama’’nti vuttaṃ, niyamābhāvato vikappanatthaṃ vāggahaṇaṃ kataṃ, guṇasamaṅgitāya, abhimukhīkaraṇāya ca <span class="bld">‘‘bhikkhave’’</span>ti āmantanaṃ. Aññabhāvato, paṭiviruddhabhāvato ca <span class="bld">‘‘pare’’</span>ti vuttaṃ, vaṇṇapaṭipakkhato, avaṇṇanīyato ca ‘‘avaṇṇa’’nti vuttaṃ. Byattivasena, vitthāravasena ca ‘‘bhāseyyu’’nti vuttaṃ, dhāraṇabhāvato, adhammapaṭipakkhato ca ‘‘dhammassā’’ti vuttaṃ, diṭṭhisīlehi saṃhatabhāvato, kilesānaṃ saṅghātakaraṇato ca ‘‘saṅghassā’’ti vuttaṃ. Vuttapaṭiniddesato, vacanupanyāsanato ca ‘‘tatrā’’ti vuttaṃ, sammukhabhāvato, puthubhāvato ca ‘‘tumhehī’’ti vuttaṃ. Cittassa hananato, ārammaṇābhighātato ca ‘‘āghāto’’ti vuttaṃ, ārammaṇe saṅkocavuttiyā, atuṭṭhākāratāya ca ‘‘appaccayo’’ti vuttaṃ, ārammaṇacintanato, nissayato ca ‘‘cetaso’’ti vuttaṃ, atthāsādhanato, anu anu ‘‘anatthasādhanato’’ ca ‘‘anabhiraddhī’’ti vuttaṃ, kāraṇānarahattā, satthusāsane ṭhitehi kātuṃ asakkuṇeyyattā ca ‘‘na karaṇīyā’’ti vuttanti. Iminā nayena sabbapadesu vinicchayo kātabbo. Iti anupadavicayato <span class="bld">vicayo hāro</span> ativitthārabhayena, sakkā ca aṭṭhakathaṃ tassā līnatthavaṇṇanañca anugantvā ayamattho viññunā vibhāvetunti na vitthārayimha.</p>
<p class="subhead">Yuttihāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sabbena <a name="M1.0192"></a> sabbaṃ āghātādīnaṃ akaraṇaṃ tādibhāvāya saṃvattatīti yujjati iṭṭhāniṭṭhesu samappavattisabbhāvato. Yasmiṃ santāne āghātādayo uppannā, tannimittako antarāyo tasseva sampattivibandhāya saṃvattatīti <a name="P1.0250"></a> yujjati. Kasmā? Santānantaresu asaṅkamanato. Cittaṃ abhibhavitvā uppannā āghātādayo subhāsitādisallakkhaṇepi asamatthatāya saṃvattantīti yujjati sakodhalobhānaṃ andhatamasabbhāvato. Pāṇātipātādidussīlyato veramaṇi sabbasattānaṃ pāmojjapāsaṃsabhāvāya saṃvattatīti yujjati. Sīlasampattiyā hi mahato kittisaddassa abbhuggamo hotīti. Gambhīratādivisesayuttena guṇena tathāgatassa vaṇṇanā ekadesabhūtāpi sakalasabbaññuguṇaggahaṇāya saṃvattatīti yujjati anaññasādhāraṇattā. Tajjāayonisomanasikāraparikkhatāni adhigamatakkanāni sassatavādādiabhinivesāya saṃvattantīti yujjati kappanājālassa asamugghāṭitattā. Vedanādīnavānavabodhena vedanāya taṇhā pavaḍḍhatīti yujjati assādānupassanāsabbhāvato. Sati ca vedayitarāge tattha attattaniyagāho, sassatādigāho ca vipariphandatīti yujjati kāraṇassa sannihitattā. Taṇhāpaccayā hi upādānaṃ sassatādivāde paññapentānaṃ<a name="V1.0170"></a>, tadanucchavikaṃ vā vedanaṃ vedayantānaṃ phasso hetūti yujjati visayindriyaviññāṇasaṅgatiyā vinā tadabhāvato. Chaphassāyatananimittavaṭṭassa anupacchedoti yujjati tattha avijjātaṇhānaṃ appahīnattā. Channaṃ phassāyatanānaṃ samudayādipajānanā sabbadiṭṭhigatikasaññaṃ aticca tiṭṭhatīti yujjati catusaccapaṭivedhabhāvato. Imāheva dvāsaṭṭhiyā diṭṭhīhi sabbadiṭṭhigatānaṃ antojālīkatabhāvoti yujjati akiriyavādādīnaṃ issaravādādīnañca tadantogadhattā. Tathā ceva saṃvaṇṇitaṃ. Ucchinnabhavanettiko tathāgatassa kāyoti yujjati, yasmā bhagavā abhinīhārasampattiyā catūsu satipaṭṭhānesu patiṭṭhitacitto <a name="P1.0251"></a> sattabojjhaṅgeyeva yathābhūtaṃ bhāvesi. Kāyassa bhedā parinibbutaṃ na dakkhantīti yujjati anupādisesanibbānappattiyaṃ rūpādīsu kassacipi anavasesatoti ayaṃ <span class="bld">yuttihāro.</span></p>
<p class="subhead">Padaṭṭhānahāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Avaṇṇārahaavaṇṇānurūpasampattānādeyyavacanatādivipattīnaṃ <a name="M1.0193"></a> padaṭṭhānaṃ. Vaṇṇārahavaṇṇānurūsampattasaddheyyavacanatādisampattīnaṃ padaṭṭhānaṃ. Tathā āghātādayo nirayādidukkhassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Āghātādīnaṃ akaraṇaṃ saggasampattiādisabbasampattīnaṃ padaṭṭhānaṃ. Pāṇātipātādīhi paṭivirati ariyassa sīlakkhandhassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Ariyo sīlakkhandho ariyassa samādhikkhandhassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Ariyo samādhikkhandho ariyassa paññākkhandhassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Gambhīratādivisesayuttaṃ bhagavato paṭivedhappakārañāṇaṃ desanāñāṇassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Desanāñāṇaṃ vineyyānaṃ sakalavaṭṭadukkhanissaraṇassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Sabbāpi diṭṭhi diṭṭhupādānti sā yathārahaṃ navavidhassāpi bhavassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Bhavo jātiyā, jāti jarāmaraṇassa, sokādīnañca padaṭṭhānaṃ. Vedanānaṃ samudayādiyathābhūtavedanaṃ catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ anubodhapaṭivedho. Tattha anubodho paṭivedhassa padaṭṭhānaṃ, paṭivedho catubbidhassa sāmaññaphalassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. ‘‘Ajānataṃ apassata’’nti avijjāgahaṇaṃ, tattha avijjā saṅkhārānaṃ padaṭṭhānti yāva vedanā taṇhāya padaṭṭhānti netabbaṃ. ‘‘Taṇhāgatānaṃ paritassitavipphandita’’nti ettha taṇhā upādānassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. ‘‘Tadapi phassapaccayā’’ti ettha sassatādipaññāpanaṃ paresaṃ micchābhinivesassa padaṭṭhānaṃ, micchābhiniveso saddhammassavanasappurisūpassayayonisomanasikāradhammānudhammapaṭipattīhi vimukhatāya, asaddhammassavanādīnañca padaṭṭhānaṃ, ‘‘aññatra phassā’’tiādīsu phasso vedanāya padaṭṭhānaṃ, cha phassāyatanāni phassassa, sakalavaṭṭadukkhassa ca padaṭṭhānaṃ, channaṃ phassāyatanānaṃ <a name="P1.0252"></a> samudayādiyathābhūtappajānanaṃ nibbidāya padaṭṭhānaṃ, nibbidā virāgassāti yāva anupādāparinibbānaṃ netabbaṃ. Bhagavato bhavanettisamucchedo sabbaññutāya padaṭṭhānaṃ. Tathā anupādāparinibbānassāti ayaṃ <span class="bld">padaṭṭhānahāro.</span></p>
<p class="subhead">Lakkhaṇahāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Āghātādiggahaṇena <a name="V1.0171"></a> kodhupanāhamakkhapalāsaissāmacchariyasārambhaparavambhanādīnaṃ saṅgaho paṭighacittuppādapariyāpannatāya ekalakkhaṇattā. Ānandādiggahaṇena abhijjhāvisamalobhamānātimānamadappamādādīnaṃ saṅgaho lobhacittuppādapariyāpannatāya samānalakkhaṇattā. Tathā <a name="M1.0194"></a> āghātaggahaṇena avasiṭṭhaganthanīvaraṇānaṃ saṅgaho kāyaganthanīvaraṇalakkhaṇena ekalakkhaṇattā. Ānandaggahaṇena phassādīnaṃ saṅgaho saṅkhārakkhandhalakkhaṇena ekalakkhaṇattā. Sīlaggahaṇena adhicittaadhipaññāsikkhānampi saṅgaho sikkhālakkhaṇena ekalakkhaṇattā. Idha pana sīlasseva indriyasaṃvarādikassa daṭṭhabbaṃ. Diṭṭhiggahaṇena avasiṭṭhaupādānānampi saṅgaho upādānalakkhaṇena ekalakkhaṇattā. ‘‘Vedanāna’’nti ettha vedanāggahaṇena avasiṭṭhaupādānakkhandhānampi saṅgaho khandhalakkhaṇena ekalakkhaṇattā. Tathā vedanāya dhammāyatanadhammadhātupariyāpannattā sammasanūpagānaṃ sabbesaṃ āyatanānaṃ dhātūnañca saṅgaho āyatanalakkhaṇena, dhātulakkhaṇena ca ekalakkhaṇattā. ‘‘Ajānataṃ apassata’’nti ettha avijjāggahaṇena hetuāsavoghayoganīvaraṇādisaṅgaho hetādilakkhaṇena ekalakkhaṇattā avijjāya, tathā ‘‘taṇhāgatānaṃ paritassitavipphandita’’nti ettha taṇhāggahaṇenāpi. ‘‘Tadapi phassapaccayā’’ti ettha phassaggahaṇena saññāsaṅkhāraviññāṇānaṃ saṅgaho vipallāsahetubhāvena, khandhalakkhaṇena ca ekalakkhaṇattā. Chaphassāyatanaggahaṇena khandhindriyadhātādīnaṃ saṅgaho phassuppattinimittatāya, sammasanasabhāvena ca ekalakkhaṇattā. Bhavanettiggahaṇena avijjādīnampi <a name="P1.0253"></a> saṃkilesadhammānaṃ saṅgaho vaṭṭahetubhāvena ekalakkhaṇattāti ayaṃ <span class="bld">lakkhaṇahāro.</span></p>
<p class="subhead">Catubyūhahāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nindāpasaṃsāhi sammākampitacetasā micchājīvato anoratā sassatādimicchābhinivesino sīlādidhammakkhandhesu appatiṭṭhitatāya sammāsambuddhaguṇarasassādavimukhā veneyyā imissā desanāya <span class="bld">nidānaṃ.</span> Te yathāvuttadosavinimuttā kathaṃ nu kho sammāpaṭipattiyā ubhayahitaparā bhaveyyunti ayamettha bhagavato <span class="bld">adhippāyo.</span> Padanibbacanaṃ <span class="bld">nirutti.</span> Taṃ ‘‘eva’’ntiādinidānapadānaṃ, ‘‘mama’’ntiādipāḷipadānañca aṭṭhakathāvasena suviññeyyattā ativitthārabhayena na vitthārayimha. Padapadatthaniddesanikkhepasuttadesanāsandhivasena chabbidhā <span class="bld">sandhi.</span> Tattha padassa padantarena sambandho <span class="bld">padasandhi.</span> Tathā padatthassa padatthantarena sambandho <span class="bld">padatthasandhi</span><a name="M1.0195"></a>. Nānānusandhikassa suttassa taṃtaṃanusandhīhi sambandho, ekānusandhikassa ca pubbāparasambandho <span class="bld">niddesasandhi</span><a name="V1.0172"></a>, yā aṭṭhakathāyaṃ pucchānusandhiajjhāsayānusandhiyathānusandhivasena tividhā vibhattā, tā panetā tissopi sandhiyo aṭṭhakathāyaṃ vicāritā eva. <span class="bld">Suttasandhi</span> ca paṭhamaṃ nikkhepavasena amhehi pubbe dassitāyeva. Ekissā desanāya desanāntarena saddhiṃ saṃsandanaṃ <span class="bld">desanāsandhi,</span> sā evaṃ veditabbā – ‘‘mamaṃ vā bhikkhave…pe… na cetaso anabhiraddhi karaṇīyā’’ti ayaṃ desanā ‘‘ubhatodaṇḍakena cepi bhikkhave kakacena corā ocarakā aṅgamaṅgāni okkanteyyuṃ, tatrapi yo mano padūseyya, na me so tena sāsanakaro’’ti (ma. ni. 1.232) imāya <a name="P1.0254"></a> desanāya saddhiṃ saṃsandati. ‘‘Tumhaṃ yevassa tena antarāyo’’ti ‘‘kammassakā māṇava sattā…pe… dāyādā bhavissantī’’ti (a. ni. 10.216) imāya desanāya saṃsandati. ‘‘Api tumhe…pe… ājāneyyāthā’’ti ‘‘kuddho atthaṃ…pe… sahate nara’’nti (a. ni. 7.64; mahāni. 5, 156, 195) imāya desanāya saṃsandati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Mamaṃ vā bhikkhave pare vaṇṇaṃ…pe… na cetaso ubbillāvitattaṃ karaṇīya’’nti ‘‘dhammāpi vo bhikkhave pahātabbā, pageva adhammā (ma. ni. 1.240). Kullūpamaṃ vo bhikkhave dhammaṃ desessāmi, nittharaṇatthāya, no gahaṇatthāyā’’ti (ma. ni. 1.240) imāya desanāya saṃsandati. ‘‘Tatra ce tumhehi…pe… ubbilāvitā, tumhaṃ yevassa tena antarāyo’’ti ‘‘luddhoatthaṃ…pe… sahate nara’’nti (itivu. 88; mahāni. 5.156, 195; cūḷani. 128) ‘‘kāmandhā jālasañchannā, taṇhāchadanachāditā’’ti (udā. 64; netti. 27, 90; peṭako. 14) imāhi desanāhi saṃsandati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Appamattakaṃ…pe… sīlamattaka’’nti ‘‘paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Ayaṃ kho brāhmaṇa yañño purimehi yaññehi appaṭṭhataro ca appasamārambhataro ca mahapphalataro ca mahānisaṃsataro cā’’tiādikāya <a name="P1.0255"></a> (dī. ni. 1.353) desanāya saṃsandati, paṭhamajjhānassa sīlato mahapphalamahānisaṃsatarabhāvavacanena jhānato sīlassa appabhāvadīpanato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Pāṇātipātaṃ <a name="M1.0196"></a> pahāyā’’tiādi ‘‘samaṇo khalu bho gotamo sīlavā…pe… kusalasīlena samannāgato’’tiādikāhi (dī. ni. 1.304) desanāhi saṃsandati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Aññeva dhammā gambhīrā’’tiādi ‘‘adhigato kho myāyaṃ dhammo gambhīro’’tiādi (dī. ni. 2.67; ma. ni. 1.281; 2.337; saṃ. ni. 1.172; mahāva. 7, 8) pāḷiyā <a name="V1.0173"></a> saṃsandati. Gambhīratādivisesayuttadhammapaṭivedhena hi ñāṇassa gambhīrādibhāvo viññāyatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Santi bhikkhave eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā’’tiādi ‘‘santi bhikkhave eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā pubbantakappikā…pe… abhivadanti, sassato attā ca loko ca, idameva saccaṃ, moghamaññanti ittheke abhivadanti, asassato, sassato ca asassato ca, neva sassato ca nāsassato ca, antavā, anantavā, antavā ca anantavā ca, nevantavā nānantavā ca attā ca loko ca idameva saccaṃ, moghamaññanti ittheke abhivadantī’’tiādikāhi (ma. ni. 3.27) desanāhi saṃsandati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Santi bhikkhave eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā aparantakappikā’’tiādi ‘‘santi bhikkhave eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā aparantakappikā…pe… abhivadanti, saññī attā hoti arogo paraṃ maraṇā. Ittheke abhivadanti asaññī, nevasaññīnāsaññī ca attā hoti arogo paraṃ maraṇā. Ittheke abhivadanti sato vā pana sattassa ucchedaṃ vināsaṃ vibhavaṃ paññapenti, diṭṭhadhammanibbānaṃ vā paneke abhivadantī’’tiādikāhi (ma. ni. 3.21) desanāhi saṃsandati. ‘‘Vedanānaṃ…pe… tathāgato’’ti ‘‘tayidaṃ <a name="P1.0256"></a> saṅkhataṃ oḷārikaṃ, atthi kho pana saṅkhārānaṃ nirodho, atthetanti iti viditvā tassa nissaraṇadassāvī tathāgato tadupātivatto’’tiādikāhi (ma. ni. 3.28) desanāhi saṃsandati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Tadapi tesaṃ…pe… vipphanditamevā’’ti idaṃ ‘‘tesaṃ bhavataṃ aññatreva chandāya aññatra ruciyā aññatra anussavā aññatra ākāraparivitakkā aññatra diṭṭhinijjhānakkhantiyā paccattaṃyeva ñāṇaṃ bhavissati parisuddhaṃ pariyodātanti netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati. Paccattaṃ kho pana bhikkhave ñāṇe asati parisuddhe pariyodāte yadapi te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā tattha ñāṇabhāgamattameva <a name="M1.0197"></a> pariyodāpenti, tadapi tesaṃ bhavataṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ upādānamakkhāyatī’’tiādikāhi (ma. ni. 3.29) desanāhi saṃsandati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Tadapi phassapaccayā’’ti idañca ‘‘cakkhuñca paṭicca rūpe ca uppajjati cakkhuviññāṇaṃ, tiṇṇaṃ saṅgati phasso, phassapaccayā vedanā, vedanāpaccayā taṇhā, taṇhāpaccayā upādāna’’nti, (saṃ. ni. 2.44) ‘‘chandamūlakā ime āvuso dhammā manasikārasamuṭṭhānā <a name="V1.0174"></a> phassasamodhānā vedanāsamosaraṇā’’ti (a. ni. 8.83) ca ādikāhi desanāhi saṃsandati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Yato kho bhikkhave bhikkhu channaṃ phassāyatanāna’’ntiādi ‘‘yato kho ānanda bhikkhu neva vedanaṃ attānaṃ samanupassati, na saññaṃ, na saṅkhāre, na viññāṇaṃ attānaṃ samanupassati, so evaṃ asamanupassanto na kiñci loke upādiyati, anupādiyaṃ na paritassati, aparitassaṃ paccattaṃyeva parinibbāyatī’’tiādikāhi desanāhi saṃsandati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Sabbe te imeheva dvāsaṭṭhiyā vatthūhi antojālīkatā’’tiādi ‘‘ye <a name="P1.0257"></a> hi keci bhikkhave…pe… abhivadanti, sabbe te imāneva pañca kāyāni abhivadanti etesaṃ vā aññatara’’ntiādikāhi (ma. ni. 3.26) desanāhi saṃsandati. <span class="bld">‘‘Kāyassa bhedā…pe… devamanussā’’ti</span> –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Accī yathā vātavegena khittā, (upasivāti bhagavā)</p>
<p class="gatha2">Atthaṃ paleti na upeti saṅkhaṃ;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Evaṃ munī nāmakāyā vimutto,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Atthaṃ paleti na upeti saṅkha’’nti. (su. ni. 1080; cūḷani. 43);</p>
<p class="unindented">Ādikāhi desanāhi saṃsandatīti ayaṃ <span class="bld">cātubyūho hāro.</span></p>
<p class="subhead">Āvattahāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Āghātādīnaṃ akaraṇīyatāvacanena khantisoraccānuṭṭhānaṃ. Tattha khantiyā saddhāpaññāparāpakāradukkhasahagatānaṃ saṅgaho, soraccena sīlassa. Saddhādiggahaṇena ca saddhindriyādisakalabodhipakkhiyadhammā āvattanti. Sīlaggahaṇena avippaṭisārādayo sabbepi sīlānisaṃsadhammā āvattanti. Pāṇātipātādīhi paṭivirativacanena appamādavihāro, tena <a name="M1.0198"></a> sakalaṃ sāsanabrahmacariyaṃ āvattati. Gambhīratādivisesayuttadhammaggahaṇena mahābodhipakittanaṃ. Anāvaraṇañāṇapadaṭṭhānañhi āsavakkhayañāṇaṃ, āsavakkhayañāṇapadaṭṭhānañca anāvaraṇañāṇaṃ mahābodhi, tena dasabalādayo sabbe buddhaguṇā āvattanti. Sassatādidiṭṭhiggahaṇena taṇhāvijjāya <a name="V1.0175"></a> saṅgaho, tāhi anamataggasaṃsāravaṭṭaṃ āvattati. Vedanānaṃ samudayādiyathābhūtavedanena bhagavato pariññāttayavisuddhi, tāya paññāpāramimukhena sabbapāramiyo āvattanti. ‘‘Ajānataṃ apassata’’nti avijjāggahaṇena ayonisomanasikārapariggaho, tena ca ayonisomanasikāramūlakā dhammā āvattanti. ‘‘Taṇhāgatānaṃ paritassitavipphandita’’nti taṇhāggahaṇena nava taṇhāmūlakā dhammā āvattanti, ‘‘tadapi phassapaccayā’’tiādi sassatādipaññāpanassa <a name="P1.0258"></a> paccayādhīnavuttidassanaṃ, tena aniccatādilakkhaṇattayaṃ āvattati. Channaṃ phassāyatanānaṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānanena vimuttisampadāniddeso, tena sattapi visuddhiyo āvattanti. ‘‘Ucchinnabhavanettiko tathāgatassa kāyo’’ti taṇhāpahānaṃ, tena bhagavato sakalasaṃkilesappahānaṃ āvattatīti ayaṃ <span class="bld">āvatto hāro.</span></p>
<p class="subhead">Vibhattihāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Āghātānandādayo akusalā dhammā, tesaṃ ayonisomanasikārādi padaṭṭhānaṃ. Yehi pana dhammehi āghātānandādīnaṃ akaraṇaṃ appavatti, te abyāpādādayo kusalā dhammā, tesaṃ yonisomanasikārādi padaṭṭhānaṃ. Tesu āghātādayo kāmāvacarāva, abyāpādādayo catubhūmakā. Tathā pāṇātipātādīhi paṭivirati kusalā vā abyākatā vā, tassā hirottappādayo dhammā padaṭṭhānaṃ. Tattha kusalā siyā kāmāvacarā, siyā lokuttarā, abyākatā lokuttarāva. ‘‘Atthi bhikkhave aññeva dhammā gambhīrā’’ti vuttadhammā siyā kusalā, siyā abyākatā, tattha kusalānaṃ vuṭṭhānagāminivipassanā padaṭṭhānaṃ. Abyākatānaṃ maggadhammā, vipassanā, āvajjanā vā padaṭṭhānaṃ. Tesu kusalā lokuttarā, abyākatā siyā kāmāvacarā, siyā lokuttarā, sabbāpi diṭṭhiyo akusalāva kāmāvacarāva, tāsaṃ avisesena micchābhinivese ayonisomanasikāro padaṭṭhānaṃ. Visesato pana santatighanavinibbhogābhāvato ekattanayassa micchāgāho <a name="M1.0199"></a> atītajātianussaraṇatakkasahito sassatadiṭṭhiyā padaṭṭhānaṃ. Hetuphalabhāvena sambandhabhāvassa aggahaṇato nānattanayassa micchāgāho tajjāsamannāhārasahito ucchedadiṭṭhiyā padaṭṭhānaṃ. Evaṃ sesadiṭṭhīnampi yathāsambhavaṃ vattabbaṃ. ‘‘Vedanāna’’nti ettha vedanā siyā kusalā, siyā abyākatā, siyā kāmāvacarā, siyā rūpāvacarā, siyā arūpāvacarā, phasso tāsaṃ padaṭṭhānaṃ. Vedanānaṃ samudayādiyathābhūtavedanaṃ maggañāṇaṃ, anupādāvimutti phalaṃ<a name="P1.0259"></a>, tesaṃ ‘‘aññeva dhammā gambhīrā’’ti ettha vuttanayena dhammādivibhāgo netabbo. ‘‘Ajānataṃ apassata’’ntiādīsu avijjā taṇhā akusalā kāmāvacarā, tāsu avijjāya āsavā, ayonisomanasikāro eva vā padaṭṭhānaṃ. Taṇhāya saṃyojaniyesu dhammesu assādadassanaṃ <a name="V1.0176"></a> padaṭṭhānaṃ. ‘‘Tadapi phassapaccayā’’ti ettha phassassa vedanāya viya dhammādivibhāgo veditabbo. Iminā nayena phassāyatanādīnampi yathārahaṃ dhammādivibhāgo netabboti ayaṃ <span class="bld">vibhattihāro.</span></p>
<p class="subhead">Parivattahāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Āghātādīnaṃ akaraṇaṃ khantisoraccāni anubrūhetvā paṭisaṅkhānabhāvanābalasiddhiyā ubhayahitapaṭipattiṃ āvahati. Āghātādayo pana pavattiyamānā dubbaṇṇataṃ dukkhaseyyaṃ bhogahāniṃ akittiṃ parehi durupasaṅkamanatañca nipphādentā nirayādīsu mahādukkhaṃ āvahanti. Pāṇātipātādīhi paṭivirati avippaṭisārādikalyāṇaṃ paramparaṃ āvahati. Pāṇātipātādi pana vippaṭisārādiakalyāṇaṃ paramparaṃ, gambhīratādivisesayuttaṃ ñāṇaṃ vineyyānaṃ yathārahaṃ vijjābhiññādiguṇavisesaṃ āvahati sabbañeyyaṃ yathāsabhāvāvabodhato. Tathā gambhīratādivisesarahitaṃ pana ñāṇaṃ ñeyyesu sāvaraṇato yathāvuttaguṇavisesaṃ nāvahati. Sabbāpi cetā diṭṭhiyo yathārahaṃ sassatucchedabhāvato antadvayabhūtā sakkāyatīraṃ nātivattanti aniyyānikasabhāvattā. Niyyānikasabhāvattā pana sammādiṭṭhi saparikkhārā majjhimapaṭipadābhūtā atikkamma sakkāyatīraṃ pāraṃ āgacchati. Vedanānaṃ samudayādiyathābhūtavedanaṃ anupādāvimuttiṃ āvahati maggabhāvato. Vedanānaṃ samudayādiasampaṭivedho saṃsāracārakāvarodhaṃ āvahati saṅkhārānaṃ paccayabhāvato. Vedayitasabhāvapaṭicchādako sammoho tadabhinandanaṃ āvahati<a name="M1.0200"></a>. Yathābhūtāvabodho pana tattha nibbedaṃ virāgañca āvahati. Micchābhinivese ayonisomanasikārasahitā taṇhā <a name="P1.0260"></a> anekavihitaṃ diṭṭhijālaṃ pasāreti. Yathāvuttataṇhāsamucchedo paṭhamamaggo taṃ diṭṭhijālaṃ saṅkoceti. Sassatavādādipaññāpanassa phasso paccayo hoti asati phasse tadabhāvato. Diṭṭhibandhanabandhānaṃ phassāyatanādīnaṃ anirodhena phassādianirodho saṃsāradukkhassa anivattiyeva, yāthāvato phassāyatanādipariññā sabbadiṭṭhidassanāni ativattati, phassāyatanādiapariññā taṃdiṭṭhigahanaṃ nātivattati, bhavanettisamucchedo āyatiṃ attabhāvassa anibbattiyā saṃvattati, asamucchinnāya bhavanettiyā anāgate bhavappabandho parivattatiyevāti ayaṃ <span class="bld">parivatto hāro.</span></p>
<p class="subhead">Vevacanahāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Mama mayhaṃ me’’ti pariyāyavacanaṃ. ‘‘Bhikkhave samaṇā tapassino’’ti pariyāyavacanaṃ. ‘‘Pare <a name="V1.0177"></a> aññe paṭiviruddhā’’ti pariyāyavacanaṃ. ‘‘Avaṇṇaṃ akittiṃ ninda’’nti pariyāyavacanaṃ. ‘‘Bhāseyyuṃ bhaṇeyyuṃ kareyyu’’nti pariyāyavacanaṃ. ‘‘Dhammassa vinayassa satthusāsanassā’’ti pariyāyavacanaṃ. ‘‘Saṅghassa samūhassa gaṇassā’’ti pariyāyavacanaṃ. ‘‘Tatra tattha tesū’’ti pariyāyavacanaṃ. ‘‘Tumhehi vo bhavantehī’’ti pariyāyavacanaṃ. ‘‘Āghāto doso byāpādo’’ti pariyāyavacanaṃ. ‘‘Appaccayo domanassaṃ cetasikadukkha’’nti pariyāyavacanaṃ. ‘‘Cetaso anabhiraddhi cittassa byāpatti manopadoso’’ti pariyāyavacanaṃ. ‘‘Na karaṇīyā na uppādetabbā na pavattetabbā’’ti pariyāyavacanaṃ. Iti iminā nayena sabbapadesu vevacanaṃ vattabbanti ayaṃ <span class="bld">vevacano hāro.</span></p>
<p class="subhead">Paññattihāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Āghāto vatthuvasena dasavidhena ekūnavīsatividhena vā paññatto. Appaccayo upavicāravasena chadhā paññatto. Ānandopītiādivasena navadhā paññatto. Pīti sāmaññato khuddikādivasena pañcadhā paññattā. Somanassaṃ upavicāravasena chadhā paññattaṃ. Sīlaṃ vārittacārittādivasena anekadhā paññattaṃ. Gambhīratādivisesayuttaṃ ñāṇaṃ cittuppādavasena catudhā, dvādasavidhena vā, visayabhedato anekadhā ca paññattaṃ. Diṭṭhisassatādivasena <a name="M1.0201"></a><a name="P1.0261"></a> dvāsaṭṭhiyā bhedehi, tadantogadhavibhāgena anekadhā ca paññattā. Vedanā chadhā aṭṭhasatadhā anekadhā ca paññattā. Tassā samudayo pañcadhā paññatto, tathā atthaṅgamo. Assādo duvidhena paññatto. Ādīnavo tividhena paññatto. Nissaraṇaṃ ekadhā catudhā ca paññattaṃ…pe… anupādāvimutti duvidhena paññattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Ajānataṃ apassata’’nti vuttā avijjā visayabhedena catudhā aṭṭhadhā ca paññattā. ‘‘Taṇhāgatāna’’ntiādinā vuttā taṇhā chadhā aṭṭhasatadhā anekadhā ca paññattā. Phasso nissayavasena chadhā paññatto. Upādānaṃ catudhā paññattaṃ. Bhavo dvidhā anekadhā ca paññatto. Jāti vevacanavasena chadhā paññattā. Tathā jarā sattadhā paññattā. Maraṇaṃ aṭṭhadhā navadhā ca paññattaṃ. Soko pañcadhā paññatto. Paridevo chadhā paññatto. Dukkhaṃ catudhā paññattaṃ, tathā domanassaṃ. Upāyāso catudhā paññatto. ‘‘Samudayo hotī’’ti pabhavapaññatti, ‘‘yathābhūtaṃ pajānātī’’ti dukkhassa pariññāpaññatti, samudayassa pahānapaññatti, nirodhassa sacchikiriyāpaññatti, maggassa bhāvanāpaññatti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Antojālīkatā’’tiādi <a name="V1.0178"></a> sabbadiṭṭhīnaṃ saṅgahapaññatti. ‘‘Ucchinnabhavanettiko’’tiādi duvidhena parinibbānapaññatti. Evaṃ āghātādīnaṃ akusalakusalādidhammānaṃ yathāpabhavapaññattiādivasena, tathā ‘‘āghāto’’ti byāpādassa vevacanapaññatti, ‘‘appaccayo’’ti domanassassa vevacanapaññattītiādinā nayena paññattibhedo vibhajitabboti ayaṃ <span class="bld">paññattihāro.</span></p>
<p class="subhead">Otaraṇahāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Āghātaggahaṇena saṅkhārakkhandhasaṅgaho, tathā anabhiraddhigahaṇena. Appaccayaggahaṇena vedanākkhandhasaṅgahoti idaṃ <span class="bld">khandhamukhena otaraṇaṃ.</span> Tathā āghātādiggahaṇena dhammāyatanaṃ dhammadhātu dukkhasaccaṃ samudayasaccaṃ vā gahitanti idaṃ <span class="bld">āyatanamukhena dhātumukhena saccamukhena</span> ca <span class="bld">otaraṇaṃ.</span> Tathā āghātādīnaṃ <a name="P1.0262"></a> sahajātā avijjā hetusahajātaaññamaññanissayasampayuttaatthiavigatapaccayehi paccayo hoti, asahajātā pana anantarasamanantaraanantarūpanissayanatthivigatāsevanapaccayehi paccayo hoti, anantarā upanissayavaseneva paccayo hoti<a name="M1.0202"></a>. Taṇhāupādānādīnaṃ, phassādīnampi tesaṃ sahajātānaṃ asahajātānañca yathārahaṃ paccayabhāvo vattabbo. Koci panettha adhipativasena, koci kammavasena, koci āhāravasena, koci indriyavasena, koci jhānavasena, koci maggavasenapi paccayo hotīti. Ayampi viseso veditabboti idaṃ <span class="bld">paṭiccasamuppādamukhena otaraṇaṃ.</span> Ānandādīnampi imināva nayena khandhādimukhena otaraṇaṃ vibhāvetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā sīlaṃ pāṇātipātādīhi viraticetanā, abyāpādādicetasikadhammā ca, pāṇātipātādayo cetanāva, tesaṃ tadupakārakadhammānañca lajjādayādīnaṃ saṅkhārakkhandhadhammāyatanādisaṅgaho, purimanayeneva khandhādimukhena ca otaraṇaṃ vibhāvetabbaṃ. Esa nayo ñāṇadiṭṭhivedanāavijjātaṇhādiggahaṇesu. Nissaraṇaanupādāvimuttigahaṇesu asaṅkhatadhātuvasenapi <span class="bld">dhātumukhena otaraṇaṃ</span> vibhāvetabbaṃ. Tathā ‘‘vedanānaṃ…pe… anupādāvimutto’’ti etena bhagavato sīlādayo pañca dhammakkhandhā, satipaṭṭhānādayo ca bodhipakkhiyadhammā pakāsitā hontīti taṃ mukhenapi otaraṇaṃ veditabbaṃ. ‘‘Tadapi phassapaccayā’’ti diṭṭhipaññāpanassa paccayādhīnavuttitādīpanena <span class="bld">aniccatāmukhena otaraṇaṃ,</span> tathā evaṃdhammatāya <span class="bld">paṭiccasamuppādamukhena otaraṇaṃ,</span> aniccassa dukkhānattabhāvato <span class="bld">appaṇihitamukhena suññatāmukhena </span>ca<span class="bld"> otaraṇaṃ.</span> Sesapadesupi eseva nayoti ayaṃ <span class="bld">otaraṇo hāro.</span></p>
<p class="subhead">Sodhanahāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Mamaṃ <a name="V1.0179"></a> vā…pe… bhāseyyu’’nti <span class="bld">ārambho.</span> ‘‘Dhammassa…pe… saṅghassa…pe… bhāseyyu’’nti <span class="bld">padasuddhi, no ārambhasuddhi.</span> ‘‘Tatra tumhehi…pe… karaṇīyā’’ti <span class="bld">padasuddhi ceva ārambhasuddhi ca.</span> Dutiyanayādīsupi eseva nayo<a name="P1.0263"></a>. Tathā ‘‘appamattakaṃ kho paneta’’ntiādi <span class="bld">ārambho.</span> ‘‘Katama’’ntiādi <span class="bld">pucchā.</span> ‘‘Pāṇātipātaṃ pahāyā’’tiādi <span class="bld">padasuddhi, no ārambhasuddhi, no ca pucchāsuddhi.</span> ‘‘Idaṃ kho’’tiādi <span class="bld">pucchāsuddhi ceva padasuddhi ca ārambhasuddhi ca.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā ‘‘atthi bhikkhave’’tiādi <span class="bld">ārambho.</span> ‘‘Katame ca te’’tiādi <span class="bld">pucchā.</span> ‘‘Santi bhikkhave’’tiādi <span class="bld">ārambho. ‘‘Ki’’</span>ntiādi <span class="bld">ārambha pucchā.</span> ‘‘Yathāsamāhite’’tiādi <a name="M1.0203"></a> <span class="bld">padasuddhi, no ārambhasuddhi no ca pucchāsuddhi.</span> ‘‘Ime kho te’’tiādi <span class="bld">padasuddhi ceva pucchāsuddhi ca ārambhasuddhi ca.</span> Iminā nayena sabbattha ārambhādayo veditabbāti. Ayaṃ <span class="bld">sodhano hāro.</span></p>
<p class="subhead">Adhiṭṭhānahāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Avaṇṇa’’nti <span class="bld">sāmaññato adhiṭṭhānaṃ taṃ,</span> avikappetvā <span class="bld">visesavacanaṃ</span> ‘‘mamaṃ vā dhammassa vā saṅghassa vā’’ti. Sukkapakkhepi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā ‘‘sīla’’nti <span class="bld">sāmaññato adhiṭṭhānaṃ,</span> taṃ avikappetvā <span class="bld">visesavacanaṃ</span> ‘‘pāṇātipātā paṭivirato’’tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Aññeva dhammā’’tiādi <span class="bld">sāmaññato adhiṭṭhānaṃ,</span> taṃ avikappetvā <span class="bld">visesavacanaṃ</span> ‘‘tayidaṃ bhikkhave tathāgato pajānātī’’tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā ‘‘pubbantakappikā’’tiādi <span class="bld">sāmaññato adhiṭṭhānaṃ,</span> taṃ avikappetvā <span class="bld">visesavacanaṃ</span> ‘‘sassatavādā’’tiādi. Iminā nayena sabbattha sāmaññaviseso niddhāretabboti ayaṃ <span class="bld">adhiṭṭhāno hāro.</span></p>
<p class="subhead">Parikkhārahāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Āghātādīnaṃ <a name="V1.0180"></a> ‘‘anatthaṃ me acarī’’tiādīni (dha. sa. 1237; vibha. 909) ca ekūnavīsati āghātavatthūni <span class="bld">hetu.</span> Ānandādīnaṃ ārammaṇe abhisineho <span class="bld">hetu.</span> Sīlassa hiriottappaṃ appicchatādayo ca <span class="bld">hetu.</span> ‘‘Gambhīrā’’tiādinā vuttadhammassa sabbāpi pāramiyo <span class="bld">hetu,</span> visesena paññāpāramī. Diṭṭhīnaṃ asappurisūpassayo, asaddhammassavanaṃ, micchābhinivesena ayonisomanasikāro ca avisesena <a name="P1.0264"></a> <span class="bld">hetu,</span> visesena pana sassatavādādīnaṃ atītajātianussaraṇādi <span class="bld">hetu.</span> Vedanānaṃ avijjātaṇhākammāni phasso ca <span class="bld">hetu.</span> Anupādāvimuttiyā ariyamaggo <span class="bld">hetu.</span> Paññāpanassa ayonisomanasikāro <span class="bld">hetu. </span> Taṇhāya saṃyojaniyesu assādānupassanā <span class="bld">hetu.</span> Phassassa chaḷāyatanāni, chaḷāyatanassa nāmarūpaṃ <span class="bld">hetu.</span> Bhavanettisamucchedassa visuddhibhāvanā <span class="bld">hetū</span>ti ayaṃ <span class="bld">parikkhāro hāro.</span></p>
<p class="subhead">Samāropanahāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Āghātādīnaṃ <a name="M1.0204"></a> akaraṇīyatāvacanena khantisampadā dassitā hoti. ‘‘Appamattakaṃ kho paneta’’ntiādinā soraccasampadā, ‘‘atthi bhikkhave’’tiādinā ñāṇasampadā, ‘‘aparāmasato cassa paccattaññeva nibbuti viditā’’ti, ‘‘vedanānaṃ…pe… yathābhūtaṃ viditvā anupādāvimutto’’ti etehi samādhisampadāya saddhiṃ vijjāvimuttivasībhāvasampadā dassitā hoti. Tattha khantisampadā paṭisaṅkhānabalasiddhito soraccasampadāya <span class="bld">padaṭṭhānaṃ.</span> Soraccasampadā pana atthato sīlameva, tathā pāṇātipātādīhi paṭivirativacanaṃ sīlassa pariyāyavibhāgadassanatthaṃ. Tattha sīlaṃ samādhissa <span class="bld">padaṭṭhānaṃ,</span> samādhi paññāya <span class="bld">padaṭṭhānaṃ.</span> Tesu sīlena <span class="bld">vītikkamappahānaṃ duccaritasaṃkilesappahānañca</span> sijjhati, samādhinā <span class="bld">pariyuṭṭhānappahānaṃ, vikkhambhanappahānaṃ, taṇhāsaṃkilesappahānañca</span> sijjhati. Paññāya <span class="bld">diṭṭhisaṃkilesappahānaṃ, samucchedappahānaṃ, anusayappahānañca</span> sijjhatīti sīlādīhi tīhi dhammakkhandhehi samathavipassanābhāvanāpāripūrī, pahānattayasiddhi cāti ayaṃ <span class="bld">samāropano hāro.</span></p>
<p class="centered">Soḷasahāravaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Pañcavidhanayavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">Nandiyāvaṭṭanayavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Āghātādīnaṃ <a name="V1.0181"></a> akaraṇavacanena taṇhāvijjāsaṅkoco dassito hoti. Sati hi attattaniyavatthūsu sinehe sammose ca ‘‘anatthaṃ me acarī’’tiādinā (dha. sa. 1237, vibha. 909) āghāto jāyatīti, tathā ‘‘pāṇātipātā paṭivirato’’tiādivacanehi<a name="P1.0265"></a>, ‘‘paccattaññeva nibbuti viditā, anupādāvimutto, channaṃ phassāyatanānaṃ…pe… yathābhūtaṃ pajānātī’’tiādīhi vacanehi ca taṇhāvijjānaṃ accantappahānaṃ dassitaṃ hoti. Tāsaṃ pana pubbantakappikādipadehi ‘‘ajānataṃ apassata’’ntiādipadehi ca sarūpato dassitānaṃ taṇhāvijjānaṃ rūpadhammā arūpadhammā ca <span class="bld">adhiṭṭhānaṃ.</span> Yathākkamaṃ samatho ca vipassanā ca <span class="bld">paṭipakkho. </span> Tesaṃ cetovimutti paññāvimutti ca <span class="bld">phalaṃ.</span> Tattha <a name="M1.0205"></a> taṇhā, taṇhāvijjā vā samudayasaccaṃ, tadadhiṭṭhānabhūtā rūpārūpadhammā dukkhasaccaṃ, tesaṃ appavatti nirodhasaccaṃ, nirodhapajānanā samathavipassanā maggasaccanti evaṃ catusaccayojanā veditabbā. Taṇhāggahaṇena cettha māyāsāṭheyyamānātimānamadappamādapāpicchatāpāpamittatāahirikānottappādivasena sabbo akusalapakkho netabbo. Tathā avijjāggahaṇena viparītamanasikārakodhupanāhamakkhapalāsaissāmacchariyasārambhadovacassatā- bhavadiṭṭhivibhavadiṭṭhādivasena akusalapakkho netabbo. Vuttavipariyāyena amāyāasāṭheyyādiaviparītamanasikārādivasena, tathā samathapakkhiyānaṃ saddhindriyādīnaṃ, vipassanāpakkhiyānañca aniccasaññādīnaṃ vasena kusalapakkho netabboti. Ayaṃ <span class="bld">nandiyāvaṭṭassa nayassa bhūmi.</span></p>
<p class="subhead">Tipukkhalanayavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Āghātādīnaṃ akaraṇavacanena adosasiddhi, tathā pāṇātipātapharusavācāhi paṭivirativacanena. Ānandādīnaṃ akaraṇavacanena alobhasiddhi, tathā abrahmacariyato paṭivirativacanena. Adinnādānādīhi pana paṭivirativacanena ubhayasiddhi. ‘‘Tayidaṃ bhikkhave tathāgato pajānātī’’tiādinā amohasiddhi. Iti tīhi akusalamūlehi gahitehi tappaṭipakkhato, āghātādiakaraṇavacanena ca tīṇi kusalamūlāni siddhāniyeva honti. Tattha tīhi akusalamūlehi <a name="P1.0266"></a> tividhaduccaritasaṃkilesamalavisamākusalasaññāvitakkāsaddhammādivasena sabbo akusalapakkho vitthāretabbo. Tathā tīhi kusalamūlehi tividhasucaritavodānasamakusalasaññāvitakkapaññāsaddhammasamādhi- vimokkhamukhavimokkhādivasena <a name="V1.0182"></a> sabbo kusalapakkho vibhāvetabbo. Etthāpi ca saccayojanā veditabbā. Kathaṃ? Lobho sabbāni vā kusalākusalamūlāni samudayasaccaṃ, tehi pana nibbattā tesaṃ adhiṭṭhānagocarabhūtā upādānakkhandhā dukkhasaccantiādinā nayena saccayojanā veditabbāti ayaṃ <span class="bld">tipukkhalassa nayassa bhūmi.</span></p>
<p class="subhead">Sīhavikkīḷitanayavavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Āghātānandanādīnaṃ akaraṇavacanena satisiddhi. Satiyā hi sāvajjānavajje, tattha ca ādīnavānisaṃse sallakkhetvā sāvajjaṃ pahāya anavajjaṃ <a name="M1.0206"></a> samādāya vattatīti. Tathā micchājīvā paṭivirativacanena vīriyasiddhi. Vīriyena hi kāmabyāpādavihiṃsāvitakke vinodeti, vīriyasādhanañca ājīvapārisuddhisīlanti. Pāṇātipātādīhi paṭivirativacanena satisiddhi. Satiyā hi sāvajjānavajje, tattha ca ādīnavānisaṃse sallakkhetvā sāvajjaṃ pahāya anavajjaṃ samādāya vattati. Tathā hi sā ‘‘visayābhimukhabhāvapaccupaṭṭhānā’’ti ca vuccati. ‘‘Tayidaṃ bhikkhave tathāgato pajānātī’’tiādinā samādhipaññāsiddhi. Paññāya hi yathābhūtāvabodho, samāhito ca yathābhūtaṃ pajānātīti. Tathā ‘‘nicco dhuvo’’tiādinā anicce ‘‘nicca’’nti vipallāso, ‘‘arogo paraṃ maraṇā, ekantasukhī attā diṭṭhadhammanibbānappatto’’ti ca evamādīhi asukhe ‘‘sukha’’nti vipallāso, ‘‘pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappito’’tiādinā asubhe ‘‘subha’’nti vipallāso, sabbeheva ca diṭṭhidīpakapadehi anattani ‘‘attā’’ti vipallāsoti evamettha cattāro vipallāsā siddhā honti, tesaṃ paṭipakkhato cattāri satipaṭṭhānāni siddhāneva honti. Tattha catūhi indriyehi cattāro puggalā niddisitabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ? Duvidho hi taṇhācarito mudindriyo ca tikkhindriyo cāti, tathā diṭṭhicarito. Tesu paṭhamo asubhe ‘‘subha’’nti vipallattadiṭṭhi satibalena yathābhūtaṃ kāyasabhāvaṃ sallakkhetvā sammattaniyāmaṃ okkamati. Dutiyo asukhe ‘‘sukha’’nti vipallattadiṭṭhi ‘‘uppannaṃ kāmavitakkaṃ nādhivāsetī’’tiādinā <a name="P1.0267"></a> (ma. ni. 1.26; a. ni. 4.14; 6.58) vuttena vīriyasaṃvarasaṅkhātena vīriyabalena taṃ vipallāsaṃ vidhamati. Tatiyo anicce ‘‘nicca’’nti ayāthāvagāhī samathabalena samāhitabhāvato saṅkhārānaṃ khaṇikabhāvaṃ yathābhūtaṃ paṭivijjhati. Catuttho santatisamūhakiccārammaṇaghanavicittattā phassādidhammapuñjamatte anattani ‘‘attā’’ti <a name="V1.0183"></a> micchābhinivesī catukoṭikasuññatāmanasikārena taṃ micchābhinivesaṃ viddhaṃseti. Catūhi cettha vipallāsehi caturāsavoghayogakāyaganthaagatitaṇhuppādupādānasattaviññāṇaṭṭhitiapariññādivasena sabbo akusalapakkho netabbo. Tathā catūhi satipaṭṭhānehi catubbidhajhānavihārādhiṭṭhānasukhabhāgiyadhammaappamaññāsammappadhānaiddhipādādivasena sabbo vodānapakkho netabboti ayaṃ <span class="bld">sīhavikkīḷitassa nayassa bhūmi.</span> Idhāpi subhasaññāsukhasaññāhi, catūhipi vā vipallāsehi samudayasaccaṃ<a name="M1.0207"></a>, tesaṃ adhiṭṭhānārammaṇabhūtā pañcupādānakkhandhā dukkhasaccantiādinā saccayojanā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Disālocanaaṅkusanayadvayavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Iti tiṇṇaṃ atthanayānaṃ siddhiyā vohāranayadvayampi siddhameva hoti. Tathā hi atthanayadisābhūtadhammānaṃ samālocanaṃ <span class="bld">disālocanaṃ,</span> tesaṃ samānayanaṃ <span class="bld">aṅkuso</span>ti niyuttā pañca nayā.</p>
<p class="centered">Pañcavidhanayavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Sāsanapaṭṭhānavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idaṃ suttaṃ soḷasavidhe suttantapaṭṭhāne saṃkilesavāsanāsekkhabhāgiyaṃ, saṃkilesanibbedhāsekkhabhāgiyameva vā. Aṭṭhavīsatividhe pana suttantapaṭṭhāne lokiyalokuttaraṃ sattadhammādhiṭṭhānaṃ ñāṇañeyyadassanabhāvanaṃ sakavacanaparavacanaṃ vissajjanīyāvissajjanīyaṃ kusalākusalaṃ anuññātapaṭikkhittañcāti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Pakaraṇanayavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Brahmajālasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter"><a name="dn1_2"></a>2. Sāmaññaphalasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">Rājāmaccakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para150"></a><a name="para150_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">150</span>. <span class="bld">Rājagahe</span>ti <a name="V1.0184"></a><a name="M1.0208"></a><a name="P1.0268"></a> ettha duggajanapadaṭṭhānavisesasampadādiyogato padhānabhāvena rājūhi gahitanti <span class="bld">rājagaha</span>nti āha <span class="bld">‘‘mandhātu…pe…</span> vuccatī’’ti. Tattha mahāgovindena mahāsattena pariggahitaṃ reṇuādīhi rājūhi pariggahitameva hotīti mahāgovindaggahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Mahāgovindo</span>ti mahānubhāvo eko purātano rājāti keci. <span class="bld">Pariggahitattā</span>ti rājadhānībhāvena pariggahitattā. <span class="bld">Pakāre</span>ti nagaramāpanena raññā kāritasabbagehattā <span class="bld">rājagahaṃ,</span> gijjhakūṭādīhi parikkhittattā pabbatarājehi parikkhittagehasadisantipi <span class="bld">rājagahaṃ,</span> sampannabhavanatāya rājamānaṃ gehanti pi <span class="bld">rājagahaṃ,</span> saṃvihitārakkhatāya anatthāvahabhāvena upagatānaṃ paṭirājūnaṃ gahaṃ gehabhūtantipi <span class="bld">rājagahaṃ,</span> rājūhi disvā sammā patiṭṭhāpitattā tesaṃ gahaṃ gehabhūtantipi <span class="bld">rājagahaṃ,</span> ārāmarāmaṇeyyakādīhi rājate, nivāsasukhatādinā sattehi mamattavasena gayhati, pariggayhatīti vā <span class="bld">rājagaha</span>nti edise pakāre so padeso ṭhānavisesabhāvena uḷārasattaparibhogoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘taṃ paneta’’</span>ntiādi. <span class="bld">Tesa</span>nti yakkhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Vasanavana</span>nti āpānabhūmibhūtaṃ upavanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Avisesenā</span>ti ‘‘pātimokkhasaṃvarasaṃvuto viharati’’ (ma. ni. 1.69; 3.75; vibha. 508), ‘‘paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati, (dī. ni. 1.226; saṃ. ni. 2.152; a. ni. 4.123; pārā. 11) ‘‘mettāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharati’’, (dī. ni. 1.556; 3.308; ma. ni. 1.77, 459, 509; 2.309, 315, 451, 471; 3.230; vibha. 642) ‘‘sabbanimittānaṃ <a name="P1.0269"></a> amanasikārā animittaṃ cetosamādhiṃ samāpajjitvā viharatī’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.459) viya saddantarasannidhānasiddhena visesaparāmasanena vinā. Iriyāya kāyikakiriyāya pavattanūpāyabhāvato <a name="V1.0185"></a> pathoti <span class="bld">iriyāpatho.</span> Ṭhānādīnañhi gatinivatti ādiavatthāhi vinā na kañci kāyikakiriyaṃ pavattetuṃ sakkā. Viharati pavattati etena, viharaṇañcāti vihāro, dibbabhāvāvaho vihāro <span class="bld">dibbavihāro,</span> mahaggatajjhānāni. <span class="bld">Nettiyaṃ</span> pana ‘‘catasso āruppasamāpattiyo āneñjā vihārā’’ti vuttaṃ<a name="M1.0209"></a>. Taṃ tāsaṃ mettājhānādīnaṃ brahmavihāratā viya bhāvanāvisesabhāvaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhakathāsu</span> pana dibbabhāvāvahasāmaññato tāpi ‘‘dibbavihārā’’ tveva vuttā. Hitūpasaṃhārādivasena pavattiyā brahmabhūtā seṭṭhabhūtā vihārāti <span class="bld">brahmavihārā,</span> mettājhānādikā. Anaññasādhāraṇattā ariyānaṃ vihārāti <span class="bld">ariyavihārā,</span> catassopi phalasamāpattiyo. <span class="bld">Samaṅgīparidīpana</span>nti samaṅgibhāvaparidīpanaṃ. <span class="bld">Iriyāpathasamāyogaparidīpanaṃ</span> itaravihārasamāyogaparidīpanassa visesavacanassa abhāvato, iriyāpathasamāyogaparidīpanassa ca atthasiddhattā. <span class="bld">Viharatī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">vi</span>-saddo vicchedatthajotano, <span class="bld">haratī</span>ti neti, pavattetīti attho. Tattha kassa kena vicchindanaṃ, kathaṃ kassa pavattananti antolīnaṃ codanaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘so hī’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Gocaragāmadassanatthaṃ ‘‘rājagahe’’ti vatvā buddhānaṃ anurūpanivāsanaṭṭhānadassanatthaṃ ‘‘ambavane’’ti vuttanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘idamassā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Eta</span>nti etaṃ ‘‘rājagahe’’ti <span class="bld">bhummavacanaṃ samīpatthe</span> ‘‘gaṅgāya gāvo caranti, kūpe gaggakula’’nti ca yathā. Kumārena <a name="P1.0270"></a> bhatoti kumārabhato, so eva <span class="bld">komārabhacco</span> yathā bhisaggameva bhesajjaṃ. <span class="bld">Dosābhisanna</span>nti vātapittādivasena ussannadosaṃ. <span class="bld">Virecetvā</span>ti dosapakopato vivecetvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aḍḍhateḷasahī</span>ti aḍḍhena terasahi aḍḍhaterasahi bhikkhusatehi. Tāni pana paññāsāya ūnāni terasabhikkhusatāni hontīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘aḍḍhasatenā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rājatī</span>ti dibbati, sobhatīti attho. <span class="bld">Rañjetī</span>ti rameti. <span class="bld">Rañño</span>ti pitu bimbisārarañño. Sāsanaṭṭhena hiṃsanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">sattu.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhāriye</span>ti garuke aññesaṃ asakkuṇeyye vā. <span class="bld">Suvaṇṇasatthakenā</span>ti suvaṇṇamayena satthakena. Ayomayañhi rañño sarīraṃ upanetuṃ ayuttanti vadati. <span class="bld">Suvaṇṇasatthakenā</span>ti vā suvaṇṇaparikkhatena satthakena <span class="bld">bāhuṃ phālāpetvā</span>ti sirāvedhavasena bāhuṃ phalāpetvā <span class="bld">udakena sambhinditvā pāyesi</span> kevalassa lohitassa gabbhinitthiyā dujjīrabhāvato. <span class="bld">Dhurā</span>ti dhurabhūtā, gaṇassa<a name="V1.0186"></a>, dhorayhāti attho. <span class="bld">Dhuraṃ nīharāmī</span>ti gaṇadhuraṃ gaṇabandhiyaṃ nibbattemi. <span class="bld">‘‘Pubbe kho’’</span>tiādi khandhakapāḷi eva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Potthaniya</span>nti <a name="M1.0210"></a> churikaṃ, yaṃ ‘‘nakhara’’ntipi [pothanikanti churikaṃ, yaṃ kharantipi (sārattha. ṭī. 3.339) pothanikanti churikaṃ, kharantipi (vi. vi. ṭī. 2.cūḷavaggavaṇṇanā 339)] vuccati. <span class="bld">Divā divassā</span>ti divassapi divā, majjhanhikavelāyanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tassā sarīraṃ lehitvā yāpeti</span> attūpakkamena maraṇaṃ na yuttanti. Na hi ariyasāvakā attānaṃ vinipātentīti. <span class="bld">Maggaphalasukhenā</span>ti maggaphalasukhāvahena sotāpattimaggaphalasukhūpasañhitena <span class="bld">caṅkamena yāpeti.</span> <span class="bld">Cetiyaṅgaṇe</span>ti gandhapupphādīhi pūjanaṭṭhānabhūte cetiyaṅgaṇe<a name="P1.0271"></a>. <span class="bld">Nisajjanatthāyā</span>ti bhikkhusaṅghanisīdanatthāya. <span class="bld">Cātumahārājikadevaloke…pe… yakkho hutvā nibbatti</span> tattha bahulaṃ nibbattapubbatāya ciraparicitanikantivasena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Khobhetvā</span>ti puttasinehassa balavabhāvato, sahajātapītivegassa ca savipphāratāya taṃsamuṭṭhānarūpadhammehi pharaṇavasena sakalasarīraṃ āloḷetvā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘aṭṭhimiñjaṃ āhacca aṭṭhāsī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Pituguṇa</span>nti pitu attani sinehaguṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Muñcāpetvā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">iti</span>-saddo pakārattho, tena ‘‘abhimārakapurisapesanādippakārenā’’ti vutte eva pakāre paccāmasati. <span class="bld">Vitthārakathānayo</span>ti ajātasattupasādanādivasena vitthārato vattabbāya kathāya nayamattaṃ. Kasmā panettha vitthāranayā kathā na vuttāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘āgatattā pana sabbaṃ na vutta’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kosalarañño</span>ti mahākosalarañño. <span class="bld">Paṇḍitādhivacana</span>nti paṇḍitavevacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Vidantī</span>ti jānanti. <span class="bld">Vedena</span> ñāṇena karaṇabhūtena <span class="bld">īhati</span> pavattatīti <span class="bld">vedehi. </span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Etthāti</span> etasmiṃ divase. <span class="bld">Anasanena vā</span>ti <span class="bld">vā</span>-saddo aniyamattho, tena ekaccamanoduccaritadussīlyādīni saṅgaṇhāti. Tathā hi gopālakūposatho abhijjhāsahagatacittassa vasena vutto, nigaṇṭhuposatho mosavajjādivasena. Yathāha ‘‘so tena abhijjhāsahagatena cetasā divasaṃ atināmetī’’ti (a. ni. 1.71), ‘‘iti yasmiṃ samaye sacce samādapetabbā, musāvāde tasmiṃ samaye samādapentī’’ti (a. ni. 1.71) ca ādi. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti uposathasadde. <span class="bld">Atthuddhāro</span>ti vattabbaatthānaṃ uddhāraṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nanu <a name="V1.0187"></a><a name="M1.0211"></a> ca atthamattaṃ pati <a name="P1.0272"></a> saddā abhinivisantīti na ekena saddena aneke atthā abhidhīyantīti? Saccametaṃ saddavisese apekkhite, tesaṃ pana atthānaṃ uposathasaddavacanīyatā sāmaññaṃ upādāya vuccamāno ayaṃ vicāro uposathasaddassa atthuddhāroti vutto. Heṭṭhā ‘‘evaṃ me suta’’ntiādīsu āgate atthuddhārepi eseva nayo. Kāmañca pātimokkhuddesādivisayopi uposathasaddo sāmaññarūpo eva visesasaddassa avācakabhāvato, tādisaṃ pana sāmaññaṃ anādiyitvā ayamattho vuttoti veditabbaṃ. Sīlasuddhivasena upetehi samaggehi vasīyati anuṭṭhīyatīti <span class="bld">uposatho,</span> pātimokkhuddeso. Samādānavasena adhiṭṭhānavasena vā upecca ariyavāsādiatthaṃ vasitabbato <span class="bld">uposatho,</span> sīlaṃ. Anasanādivasena upecca vasitabbato anuvasitabbato <span class="bld">uposatho. Upavāso</span>ti samādānaṃ. Uposathakulabhūtatāya navamahatthinikāyapariyāpanne hatthināge kiñci kiriyaṃ anapekkhitvā rūḷhivasena samaññāmattaṃ uposathoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘uposatho nāgarājātiādīsu paññattī’’</span>ti. Divase pana uposathasaddappavatti aṭṭhakathāyaṃ vuttā eva. <span class="bld">Suddhassa ve sadā phaggū</span>ti ettha pana <span class="bld">suddhassā</span>ti sabbaso kilesamalābhāvena suddhassa. <span class="bld">Ve</span>ti nipātamattaṃ. <span class="bld">Ve</span>ti vā byattanti attho. <span class="bld">Sadā phaggū</span>ti niccakālampi phagguṇanakkhattameva. Yassa hi phagguṇamāse uttaraphagguṇadivase titthanhānaṃ karontassa saṃvaccharikapāpapavāhanaṃ hotīti laddhi, taṃ tato vivecetuṃ idaṃ bhagavatā vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Suddhassuposatho sadā</span>ti yathāvuttasuddhiyā suddhassa uposathaṅgāni vatasamādānāni ca asamādiyatopi niccaṃ uposatho, uposathavāso evāti attho. Pañcadasannaṃ tithīnaṃ pūraṇavasena <span class="bld">pannaraso.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext">Bahuso<a name="P1.0273"></a>, atisayato vā kumudāni ettha santīti kumudavatī, tissaṃ <span class="bld">kumudavatiyā.</span> Catunnaṃ māsānaṃ pāripūribhūtāti <span class="bld">cātumāsī.</span> Sā eva pāḷiyaṃ cātumāsinīti vuttāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘idha pana cātumāsinīti vuccatī’’</span>ti. Tadā kattikamāsassa puṇṇatāya <span class="bld">māsapuṇṇatā.</span> Vassānassa utuno puṇṇatāya <span class="bld">utupuṇṇatā.</span> Kattikamāsalakkhitassa saṃvaccharassa puṇṇatāya <span class="bld">saṃvaccharapuṇṇatā. ‘‘Mā’’ iti cando vuccati</span> tassa gatiyā divasassa minitabbato. <span class="bld">Ettha puṇṇo</span>ti etissā rattiyā sabbakalāpāripūriyā puṇṇo. Tadā hi cando sabbaso paripuṇṇo hutvā dissati. Ettha ca ‘‘tadahuposathe <a name="M1.0212"></a> pannarase’’ti padāni divasavasena vuttāni, ‘‘komudiyā’’tiādīni rattivasena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rājāmaccaparivuto</span>ti rājakulasamudāgatehi amaccehi parivuto. Atha vā anuyuttakarājūhi <a name="V1.0188"></a> ceva amaccehi ca parivuto. <span class="bld">Caturupakkilesā</span>ti abbhā mahikā dhūmarajo rāhūti imehi catūhi upakkilesehi. <span class="bld">Sanniṭṭhānaṃ kataṃ</span> aṭṭhakathāyaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pītivacana</span>nti pītisamuṭṭhānaṃ vacanaṃ. Yañhi vacanaṃ paṭiggāhakanirapekkhaṃ kevalaṃ uḷārāya pītiyā vasena sarasato sahasāva mukhato niccharati, taṃ idha ‘‘udāna’’nti adhippetaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ pītivacanaṃ hadayaṃ gahetuṃ na sakkotī’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dosehi itā gatā apagatāti <span class="bld">dosinā</span> ta-kārassa na-kāraṃ katvā yathā ‘‘kilese jito vijitāvīti jino’’ti. <span class="bld">Anīya</span>-saddo kattuatthe veditabboti āha <span class="bld">‘‘manaṃ ramayatī’’ti ‘‘ramaṇīyā’’</span>ti yathā ‘‘niyyānikā dhammā’’ti. Juṇhavasena rattiyā surūpatāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vuttadosavimuttāyā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <a name="P1.0274"></a> abbhādayo vuttadosā, tabbigameneva cassā <span class="bld">dassanīyatā,</span> tena, utusampattiyā ca <span class="bld">pāsādikatā</span> veditabbā. <span class="bld">Lakkhaṇaṃ bhavituṃ yuttā</span>ti etissā rattiyā yutto divaso māso utu saṃvaccharoti evaṃ divasamāsautusaṃvaccharānaṃ sallakkhaṇaṃ bhavituṃ yuttā <span class="bld">lakkhaññā,</span> lakkhaṇīyāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Yaṃ no payirupāsato cittaṃ pasīdeyyā’’ti vuttattā ‘‘samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā’’ti ettha paramatthasamaṇo ca paramatthabrāhmaṇo ca adhippeto, na pabbajjāmattasamaṇo, na jātimattabrāhmaṇo cāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘samitapāpatāya samaṇaṃ. Bāhitapāpatāya brāhmaṇa’’</span>nti. Bahuvacane vattabbe ekavacanaṃ, ekavacane vā vattabbe bahuvacanaṃ <span class="bld">vacanabyatayo.</span> Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ pana ekavacanavaseneva byatayo dassito. Attani, garuṭṭhāniye ca ekasmimpi bahuvacanappayogo nirūḷhoti. <span class="bld">Sabbenapī</span>ti ‘‘ramaṇīyā vatā’’tiādinā sabbena vacanena. <span class="bld">Obhāsanimittakamma</span>nti obhāsabhūtanimittakammaṃ paribyattaṃ nimittakaraṇanti attho. <span class="bld">Devadatto cā</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ca</span>-saddo attūpanayane, tena yathā rājā ajātasattu attano pitu ariyasāvakassa satthuupaṭṭhākassa ghātanena mahāparādho<a name="M1.0213"></a>, evaṃ bhagavato mahāanatthakarassa devadattassa avassayabhāvena pīti imamatthaṃ upaneti. <span class="bld">Tassa piṭṭhichāyāyā</span>ti tassa jīvakassa piṭṭhiapassayena, taṃ pamukhaṃ katvā taṃ apassāyāti attho. <span class="bld">Vikkhepapacchedanattha</span>nti bhāviniyā attano kathāya uppajjanakavikkhepanassa pacchindanatthaṃ, anuppattiatthanti adhippāyo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tassaṃ hī’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para151"></a><a name="para151_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">151</span>. <span class="bld">‘‘So kirā’’</span>tiādi porāṇaṭṭhakathāya āgatanayo. Eseva nayo parato makkhalipadanibbacanepi<a name="V1.0189"></a>. <span class="bld">Upasaṅkamantī</span>ti upagatā. <span class="bld">Tadeva pabbajjaṃ aggahesī</span>ti tadeva naggarūpaṃ pabbajjaṃ katvā gaṇhi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pabbajitasamūhasaṅkhāto</span> <a name="P1.0275"></a> <span class="bld">saṅgho</span>ti pabbajitasamūhatāmattena saṅgho, na niyyānikadiṭṭhisuvisuddhasīlasāmaññavasena saṃhatattāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Assa atthī</span>ti assa satthupaṭiññassa parivārabhūto atthi. <span class="bld">Svevā</span>ti pabbajitasamūhasaṅkhātova. Keci pana ‘‘pabbajitasamūhavasena <span class="bld">saṅghī,</span> gahaṭṭhasamūhavasena <span class="bld">gaṇī’’</span>ti vadanti, taṃ tesaṃ matimattaṃ gaṇe eva loke saṅgha-saddassa nirūḷhattā. <span class="bld">Ācārasikkhāpanavasenā</span>ti acelaka vatacariyādiācārasikkhāpanavasena. <span class="bld">Pākaṭo</span>ti saṅghīādibhāvena pakāsito. ‘‘Appiccho’’ti vatvā tattha labbhamānaṃ appicchattaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘appicchatāya vatthampi na nivāsetī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Na hi tasmiṃ sāsanike viya santaguṇanigūhaṇalakkhaṇā appicchatā labbhatīti. <span class="bld">Yaso</span>ti kittisaddo. ‘‘Taranti etena saṃsārogha’’nti evaṃ sammatattā <span class="bld">titthaṃ</span> vuccati laddhīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘titthakaroti laddhikaro’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sādhusammato</span>ti ‘‘sādhū’’ti sammato, na sādhūhi sammatoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ayaṃ sādhū’’</span>tiādi. ‘‘Imāni me vatasamādānāni ettakaṃ kālaṃ suciṇānī’’ti <span class="bld">pabbajitato paṭṭhāya atikkantā bahū rattiyo jānātī</span>ti <span class="bld">rattaññū.</span> Tā panassa rattiyo cirakālabhūtāti katvā <span class="bld">ciraṃ pabbajitassa assāti cirapabbajito.</span> Tattha cirapabbajitatāgahaṇena buddhisīlataṃ dasseti, rattaññutāgahaṇena tattha sampajānataṃ. <span class="bld">Addhāna</span>nti dīghakālaṃ. Kittako pana soti āha <span class="bld">‘‘dve tayo rājaparivaṭṭe’’</span>ti, dvinnaṃ tiṇṇaṃ rājūnaṃ rajjaṃ anusāsanapaṭipāṭiyoti attho. <span class="bld">‘‘Addhagato’’</span>ti vatvā kataṃ vayogahaṇaṃ osānavayāpekkhanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pacchimavayaṃ anuppatto’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ubhaya</span>nti ‘‘addhagato, vayoanuppatto’’ti padadvayaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pubbe <a name="M1.0214"></a><a name="P1.0276"></a> pitarā saddhiṃ satthu santikaṃ gantvā desanāya sutapubbataṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘jhānābhiññādi…pe… sotukāmo’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Dassanenā</span>ti na dassanamattaṃ, disvā pana tena saddhiṃ ālāpasallāpaṃ katvā tato akiriyavādaṃ sutvā tesaṃ anattamano ahosi. <span class="bld">Guṇakathāyā</span>ti abhūtaguṇakathāya. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘suṭṭhutaraṃ anattamano hutvā’’</span>ti. Yadi anattamano, kasmā tuṇhī ahosīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘anattamano samānopī’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para152"></a><a name="para152_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">152</span>. <span class="bld">Gosālāyā</span>ti evaṃ nāmake gāme. Vassānakāle gunnaṃ tiṭṭhanasālāti eke.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para153"></a><a name="para153_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">153</span>. <span class="bld">Paṭikiṭṭhatara</span>nti <a name="V1.0190"></a> nihīnataraṃ. <span class="bld">Tantāvutānī</span>ti tante pasāretvā vītāni. <span class="bld">‘‘Sīte sīto’’</span>tiādinā chahākārehi tassa nihīnassa nihīnatarataṃ dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para154"></a><a name="para154_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">154</span>. <span class="bld">Vaccaṃ katvāpī</span>ti <span class="bld">pi</span>-saddena bhojanaṃ bhuñjitvāpi kenaci asucinā makkhito pīti imamatthaṃ sampiṇḍeti. <span class="bld">Vālikathūpaṃ katvā</span>ti vattavasena vālikāya thūpaṃ katvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para156"></a><a name="para156_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">156</span>. <span class="bld">Palibuddhanakileso</span>ti saṃsāre palibuddhanakicco rāgādikileso khettavatthuputtadārādivisayo.</p>
<p class="subhead">Komārabhaccajīvakakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para157"></a><a name="para157_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">157</span>. Na yathādhippāyaṃ vattatīti katvā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘anattho vata me’’</span>ti. Jīvakassa tuṇhībhāvo mama adhippāyassa maddanasadiso, tasmā taṃ pucchitvā kathāpanena mama adhippāyo pūretabboti ayamettha rañño ajjhāsayoti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘hatthimhi nu kho panā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Kiṃ tuṇhī</span>ti kiṃ kāraṇā tuṇhī, kiṃ taṃ kāraṇaṃ, yena tuvaṃ tuṇhīti vuttaṃ hoti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kena kāraṇena tuṇhī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāmaṃ sabbāpi tathāgatassa paṭipatti anaññasādhāraṇā acchariyaabbhutarūpā ca, tathāpi gabbhokkanti- <a name="P1.0277"></a> abhijātiabhinikkhamanaabhisambodhidhammacakkappavattana- yamakapāṭihāriyadevorohaṇāni sadevake loke ativiya <a name="M1.0215"></a> supākaṭāni, na sakkā kenaci paṭibāhitunti tāniyevettha uddhaṭāni. <span class="bld">Itthambhūtākhyānatthe</span>ti itthaṃ evaṃ pakāro bhūto jātoti evaṃ kathanatthe. <span class="bld">Upayogavacana</span>nti. ‘‘Abbhuggato’’ti ettha abhīti upasaggo itthambhūtākhyānatthajotako, tena yogato ‘‘taṃ kho pana bhagavanta’’nti idaṃ sāmiatthe upayogavacanaṃ, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tassa kho pana bhagavatoti attho’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Kalyāṇaguṇasamannāgato</span>ti kalyāṇehi guṇehi yutto, taṃ nissito tabbisayatāyāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Seṭṭho</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo. Kittetabbato kitti, sā eva saddanīyato <span class="bld">saddo</span>ti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kittisaddoti kittiyevā’’</span>ti. Abhitthavanavasena pavatto saddo <span class="bld">thutighoso.</span> Anaññasādhāraṇaguṇe ārabbha pavattattā sadevakaṃ lokaṃ <span class="bld">ajjhottharitvā</span> abhibhavitvā <span class="bld">uggato.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">So bhagavā</span>ti yo so samatiṃ sapāramiyo pūretvā sabbakilese bhañjitvā anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ <a name="V1.0191"></a> abhisambuddho devānaṃ atidevo sakkānaṃ atisakko brahmānaṃ atibrahmā lokanātho bhāgyavantatādīhi kāraṇehi sadevake loke ‘‘bhagavā’’ti sabbattha patthaṭakittisaddo, so bhagavā. <span class="bld">‘‘Bhagavā’’</span>ti ca idaṃ satthu nāmakittanaṃ. Tenāha āyasmā dhammasenāpati ‘‘bhagavāti netaṃ nāmaṃ mātarā kata’’ntiādi (mahāni. 84). Parato pana <span class="bld">bhagavā</span>ti guṇakittanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā kammaṭṭhānikena ‘‘araha’’ntiādīsu navaṭṭhānesu paccekaṃ iti-saddaṃ yojetvā buddhaguṇā anussarīyanti, evaṃ buddhaguṇasaṅkittakenāpīti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘itipi arahaṃ, itipi sammāsambuddho…pe… itipi bhagavā’’</span>ti āha. ‘‘Itipetaṃ <a name="P1.0278"></a> abhūtaṃ, itipetaṃ ataccha’’ntiādīsu (dī. ni. 1.5) viya idha <span class="bld">iti</span>-saddo āsannapaccakkhakaraṇattho, <span class="bld">pi</span>-saddo sampiṇḍanattho, tena ca tesaṃ guṇānaṃ bahubhāvo dīpito. Tāni ca saṅkittentena viññunā cittassa sammukhībhūtāneva katvā saṅkittetabbānīti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘iminā ca iminā ca kāraṇenāti vuttaṃ hotī’’</span>ti āha. Evañhi nirūpetvā kittente yassa saṅkitteti, tassa bhagavati ativiya abhippasādo hoti. <span class="bld">Ārakattā</span>ti suvidūrattā. <span class="bld">Arīna</span>nti kilesārīnaṃ. <span class="bld">Arāna</span>nti saṃsāracakkassa arānaṃ. <span class="bld">Hatattā</span>ti vihatattā. <span class="bld">Paccayādīna</span>nti cīvarādipaccayānañceva <a name="M1.0216"></a> pūjāvisesānañca. <span class="bld">Tato</span>ti visuddhimaggato. Yathā ca visuddhimaggato, evaṃ taṃsaṃvaṇṇanatopi nesaṃ vitthāro gahetabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā jīvako bahuso satthusantike buddhaguṇe sutvā ṭhito, diṭṭhasaccatāya ca satthusāsane vigatakathaṃkatho vesārajjappatto, tasmā āha <span class="bld">‘‘jīvako panā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Pañcavaṇṇāyā</span>ti khuddikādivasena pañcappakārāya. <span class="bld">Nirantaraṃ phuṭaṃ ahosi</span> katādhikārabhāvato. Kammantarāyavasena hissa rañño guṇasarīraṃ khatupahataṃ ahosi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para158"></a><a name="para158_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">158</span>. ‘‘Uttama’’nti vatvā na kevalaṃ seṭṭhabhāvo evettha kāraṇaṃ, atha kho appasaddatāpi kāraṇanti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘assayānarathayānānī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Hatthiyānesu nibbisevanameva gaṇhanto hatthiniyova kappāpesi. Rañño āsaṅkānivattanatthaṃ āsannacārībhāvena tattha itthiyova nisajjāpitā. Rañño paresaṃ durupasaṅkamanabhāvadassanatthaṃ <a name="P1.0279"></a> tā <span class="bld">purisavesaṃ gāhāpetvā</span> āvudhahatthā kāritā. <span class="bld">Paṭivedesī</span>ti ñāpesi. <span class="bld">Tadevā</span>ti gamanaṃ, agamanameva vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para159"></a><a name="para159_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">159</span>. <span class="bld">Mahañcā</span>ti karaṇatthe paccattavacananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘mahatā</span>cā’’ti. <span class="bld">Mahaccā</span>ti mahatiyā<a name="V1.0192"></a>, liṅgavipallāsavasena vuttaṃ, mahantenāti vuttaṃ hoti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘rājānubhāvenā’’</span>ti <span class="bld">‘‘dvinnaṃ mahāraṭṭhānaṃ issariyasirī’’</span>ti aṅgamagadharaṭṭhānaṃ ādhipaccamāha. <span class="bld">Āsattakhaggānī</span>ti aṃse olambanavasena sannaddhaasīni. Kulabhogaissariyādivasena mahatī mattā etesanti <span class="bld">mahāmattā,</span> mahānubhāvā rājapurisā. <span class="bld">Vijjādharataruṇā viyā</span>ti vijjādharakumārā viya. <span class="bld">Raṭṭhiyaputtā</span>ti bhojaputtā. <span class="bld">Hatthighaṭā</span>ti hatthisamūhā. <span class="bld">Aññamaññasaṅghaṭṭanā</span>ti avicchedavasena gamanena aññamaññasambandhā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cittutrāso</span> sayaṃ bhāyanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">bhayaṃ</span> yathā tathā bhāyatīti katvā. <span class="bld">Ñāṇaṃ</span> bhāyitabbe eva vatthusmiṃ bhayato upaṭṭhite ‘‘bhāyitabbamida’’nti bhayato tīraṇato <span class="bld">bhayaṃ.</span> Tenevāha ‘‘bhayatupaṭṭhānañāṇaṃ pana bhāyati nabhāyatīti? Na bhāyati. Tañhi atītā saṅkhārā niruddhā, paccuppannā nirujjhanti, anāgatā nirujjhissantīti tīraṇamattameva hotī’’ti (visuddhi. 2.751). <span class="bld">Ārammaṇaṃ</span> <a name="M1.0217"></a> bhāyati etasmāti <span class="bld">bhayaṃ. Otappaṃ</span> pāpato bhāyati etenāti <span class="bld">bhayaṃ. Bhayānaka</span>nti bhāyanākāro. <span class="bld">Bhaya</span>nti ñāṇabhayaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṃvega</span>nti sahottappañāṇaṃ <span class="bld">santāsa</span>nti sabbaso ubbijjanaṃ. Bhāyitabbaṭṭhena bhayaṃ bhīmabhāvena bheravanti <span class="bld">bhayabheravaṃ,</span> bhītabbavatthu. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘āgacchatī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhīruṃ</span> <a name="P1.0280"></a> <span class="bld">pasaṃsantī</span>ti pāpato bhāyanato uttasanato bhīruṃ pasaṃsanti paṇḍitā. <span class="bld">Na hi tattha sūra</span>nti tasmiṃ pāpakaraṇe sūraṃ pagabbhadhaṃsinaṃ na hi pasaṃsanti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘bhayā hi santo na karonti pāpa’’</span>nti. Tattha <span class="bld">bhayā</span>ti pāputrāsato, ottappahetūti attho. <span class="bld">Sarīracalana</span>nti bhayavasenasarīrasaṃkampo. <span class="bld">Eke</span>ti uttaravihāravāsino. <span class="bld">‘‘Rājagahe’’</span>tiādi tesaṃ adhippāyavivaraṇaṃ. Kāmaṃ vayatulyo ‘‘vayasso’’ti vuccati, rūḷhireso, yo koci pana sahāyo vayasso, tasmā <span class="bld">vayassābhilāpo</span>ti sahāyābhilāpo. <span class="bld">Na vippalambhesī</span>ti na visaṃvādesi. <span class="bld">Vinasseyyā</span>ti cittavighātena vihaññeyya.</p>
<p class="subhead">Sāmaññaphalapucchāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para160"></a><a name="para160_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">160</span>. <span class="bld">Bhagavato tejo</span>ti buddhānubhāvo. <span class="bld">Rañño sarīraṃ phari</span> yathā taṃ soṇadaṇḍassa brāhmaṇassa bhagavato santikaṃ gacchantassa antovanasaṇḍagatassa. <span class="bld">Eke</span>ti uttaravihāravāsino.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para161"></a><a name="para161_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">161</span>. <span class="bld">Yena, tenā</span>ti ca bhummatthe karaṇavacananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yattha bhagavā, tattha gato’’</span>ti. Tadā <a name="V1.0193"></a> tasmiṃ bhikkhusaṅghe tuṇhībhāvassa anavasesato byāpibhāvaṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘tuṇhībhūtaṃ tuṇhībhūta’’nti vuttanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yato yato…pe… mevāti attho’’</span>ti. Hatthassa kukatattā asaṃyamo asampajaññakiriyā <span class="bld">hatthakukkucca</span>nti veditabbo. <span class="bld">Vā</span>-saddo avuttavikappattho, tena tadañño asaṃyamabhāvo vibhāvitoti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Tattha pana cakkhuasaṃyamo sabbapaṭhamo, dunnivāro cāti tadabhāvaṃ dassetuṃ <a name="P1.0281"></a> <span class="bld">‘‘sabbālaṅkārapaṭimaṇḍita’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Kāyikavācasikena upasamena laddhena itaropi anumānato laddho eva hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘mānasikena cā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Upasama</span>nti saṃyamaṃ, ācārasampattinti attho. <span class="bld">Pañcaparivaṭṭe</span>ti pañcapurisaparivaṭṭe. <span class="bld">Pañcahākārehī</span>ti ‘‘iṭṭhāniṭṭhe <a name="M1.0218"></a> tādī’’ti (mahāni. 38, 192) evaṃ ādinā āgatehi, pañcavidhaariyiddhisiddhehi ca pañcahi pakārehi. <span class="bld">Tādilakkhaṇe</span>ti tādibhāve.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para162"></a><a name="para162_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">162</span>. <span class="bld">Na me pañhavissajjane bhāro atthī</span>ti satthu sabbattha appaṭihatañāṇacāratādassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Yadākaṅkhasīti na vadanti,</span> kathaṃ pana vadantīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sutvā vedissāmā’’</span>ti padesañāṇe ṭhitattā. Buddhā pana sabbaññupavāraṇaṃ pavārentīti sambandho. <span class="bld">‘‘Yakkhanarindadevasamaṇabrāhmaṇaparibbājakāna’’</span>nti idaṃ ‘‘pucchāvuso yadākaṅkhasī’’tiādīni (saṃ. ni. 1.237, 246; su. ni. āḷavakasutte) suttapadāni pucchantānaṃ yesaṃ puggalānaṃ vasena āgatāni, taṃ dassanatthaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Pucchāvuso yadākaṅkhasī’’</span>ti idaṃ āḷavakassa yakkhassa okāsakaraṇaṃ, sesāni narindādīnaṃ. <span class="bld">Manasicchasī</span>ti manasā icchasi. <span class="bld">Pucchavho, yaṃ kiñci manasicchathā</span>ti bāvarissa saṃsayaṃ manasā pucchavho. Tumhākaṃ pana sabbesaṃ yaṃ kiñci sabbasaṃsayaṃ manasā, aññathā ca, yathā icchatha, tathā pucchavhoti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sādhurūpā</span>ti sādhusabhāvā. <span class="bld">Dhammo</span>ti paveṇīdhammo. <span class="bld">Vuddha</span>nti sīlādīhi buddhippattaṃ, garunti attho. <span class="bld">Esa bhāro</span>ti esa saṃsayūpacchedanasaṅkhāto bhāro, āgato bhāro avassaṃ āvahitabboti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Ñatvā saya</span>nti parūpadesena vinā sayameva ñatvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Suciratenā</span>ti evaṃ nāmakena brāhmaṇena. <span class="bld">Tagghā</span>ti <a name="P1.0282"></a> ekaṃsena. <span class="bld">Yathāpi kusalo tathā</span>ti yathā sabbadhammakusalo sabbavidū jānāti katheti, tathā ahamakkhissaṃ. <span class="bld">Rājā ca kho taṃ yadi kāhati vā na vā</span>ti yo taṃ idha pucchituṃ pesesi, so rājānaṃ tayā pucchitaṃ karotu vā mā vā, ahaṃ pana te akkhissaṃ akkhissāmi, ācikkhissāmīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para163"></a><a name="para163_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">163</span>. Sippanaṭṭhena sikkhitabbatāya ca sippameva <span class="bld">sippāyatanaṃ</span> jīvikāya kāraṇabhāvato<a name="V1.0194"></a>. <span class="bld">Seyyathida</span>nti nipāto, tassa te katameti attho. Puthu sippāyatanānīti hi sādhāraṇato sippāni uddisitvā upari taṃtaṃsippūpajīvino niddiṭṭhā puggalādhiṭṭhānakathāya papañcaṃ pariharituṃ. Aññathā yathādhippetāni tāva sippāyatanāni dassetvā puna taṃtaṃsippūpajīvīsu dassiyamānesu papañco siyāti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘hatthārohā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Hatthiṃ <a name="M1.0219"></a> ārohanti, ārohāpayanti cāti <span class="bld">hatthārohā.</span> Yehi payogehi puriso hatthino ārohanayoggo hoti, hatthissa taṃ payogaṃ vidhāyataṃ sabbesaṃ petesaṃ gahaṇaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbepī’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">hatthācariyā</span> nāma ye hatthino hatthārohakānañca sikkhapakā. <span class="bld">Hatthivejjā</span> nāma hatthibhisakkā. <span class="bld">Hatthimeṇḍā</span> nāma hatthīnaṃ pādarakkhakā. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena hatthīnaṃ yavasadāyakādike saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Assārohā rathikā</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo. Rathe niyuttā <span class="bld">rathikā. Ratharakkhā</span> nāma rathassa āṇirakkhakā. Dhanuṃ gaṇhanti, gaṇhāpenti cāti <span class="bld">dhanuggahā,</span> issāsā <a name="P1.0283"></a> dhanusippassa sikkhāpakā ca. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘dhanuācariyā issāsā’’</span>ti. Celena celapaṭākāya yuddhe akanti gacchantīti <span class="bld">celakā</span>ti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ye yuddhe jayadhajaṃ gahetvā purato gacchantī’’</span>ti. Yathā tathā ṭhite senike byūhakaraṇavasena tato calayanti uccālentīti <span class="bld">calakā.</span> Sakuṇagghiādayo viya maṃsapiṇḍaṃ parasenāsamūhaṃ sāhasikamahāyodhatāya chetvā chetvā dayanti uppatitvā uppatitvā gacchantīti <span class="bld">piṇḍadāyakā.</span> Dutiyavikappe piṇḍe dayanti janasammadde uppatantā viya gacchantīti piṇḍadāyakāti attho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Uggatuggatā</span>ti thāmajavaparakkamādivasena ativiya uggatā uggāti attho. <span class="bld">Pakkhandantī</span>ti attano vīrasūrabhāvena asajjamānā parasenaṃ anupavisantīti attho. Thāmajavabalaparakkamādisampattiyā <span class="bld">mahānāgā viya mahānāgā. Ekantasūrā</span>ti ekākisūrā attano sūrabhāveneva ekākino hutvā yujjhanakā. <span class="bld">Sajālikā</span>ti savammikā. <span class="bld">Saraparittāṇacamma</span>nti cammaparisibbitaṃ kheṭakaṃ, cammamayaṃ vā phalakaṃ. <span class="bld">Gharadāsayodhā</span>ti antojātayodhā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Āḷāraṃ vuccati mahānasaṃ, tattha niyuttāti <span class="bld">āḷārikā,</span> bhattakārā. <span class="bld">Pūvikā</span>ti pūvasampādakā, ye pūvameva nānappakārato sampādetvā vikkiṇantā jīvanti. Kesanakhalikhanādivasena manussānaṃ alaṅkāravidhiṃ kappenti saṃvidahantīti <span class="bld">kappakā. Nhāpakā</span>ti cuṇṇavilepanādīhi <a name="P1.0284"></a> malaharaṇavaṇṇasampādanavidhinā nhāpentīti nhāpakā. Navantādividhinā pavatto gaṇanagantho antarā chiddābhāvena acchiddakoti vuccati, taṃ gaṇanaṃ upanissāya jīvantā <span class="bld">acchiddakapāṭhakā.</span> Hatthena adhippāyaviññāpanaṃ hatthamuddā <a name="M1.0220"></a> <span class="bld">hattha</span>-saddo cettha tadekadesesu aṅgulīsu daṭṭhabbo. ‘‘Na bhuñjamāno sabbaṃ hatthaṃ mukhe pakkhipissāmī’’tiādīsu viya, tasmā aṅgulisaṅkocanādinā <a name="V1.0195"></a> gaṇanā <span class="bld">hatthamuddāya gaṇanā. Cittakārādīnī</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena bhamakārakoṭṭakalekhaka vilīvakārādīnaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Diṭṭheva dhamme</span>ti imasmiṃyeva attabhāve. <span class="bld">Sandiṭṭhikamevā</span>ti asamparāyikatāya sāmaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ, sayaṃ anubhavitabbaṃ attapaccakkhaṃ diṭṭhadhammikanti attho. <span class="bld">Sukhita</span>nti sukhappattaṃ. <span class="bld">Uparī</span>ti devaloke. So hi manussalokato uparimo. Kammassa katattā nibbattanato tassa phalaṃ tassa aggisikhā viya hoti, tañca uddhaṃ devaloketi āha <span class="bld">‘‘uddhaṃ aggaṃ assā atthīti uddhaggikā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Saggaṃ arahatī</span>ti attano phalabhūtaṃ saggaṃ arahati, tattha sā nibbattanārahoti attho. <span class="bld">Sukhavipākā</span>ti iṭṭhavipākavipaccanīkā. <span class="bld">Suṭṭhu agge</span>ti ativiya uttame uḷāre. Dakkhanti vaḍḍhanti etāyāti <span class="bld">dakkhiṇā,</span> pariccāgamayaṃ puññanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘dakkhiṇaṃ dāna’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Maggo</span> <a name="P1.0285"></a> <span class="bld">sāmaññaṃ</span> samitapāpasamaṇabhāvoti katvā. Yasmā ayaṃ rājā pabbajitānaṃ dāsakassakādīnaṃ lokato abhivādanādilābho sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalanti cintetvā ‘‘atthi nu kho koci samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā īdisamatthaṃ jānanto’’ti vīmaṃsanto pūraṇādike pucchitvā tesaṃ kathāya anārādhitacitto bhagavantampi tamatthaṃ pucchi, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘upari āgataṃ pana dāsakassakopamaṃ sandhāya pucchatī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kaṇhapakkha</span>nti yathāpucchite atthe labbhamānaṃ diṭṭhigatūpasañhitaṃ saṃkilesapakkhaṃ. <span class="bld">Sukkapakkha</span>nti tabbidhuraṃ uparisuttāgataṃ vodānapakkhaṃ. <span class="bld">Samaṇakolāhala</span>nti samaṇakotūhalaṃ taṃtaṃsamaṇavādānaṃ aññamaññavirodhaṃ. <span class="bld">Samaṇabhaṇḍana</span>nti teneva virodhena ‘‘evaṃvādīnaṃ tesaṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ ayaṃ doso, evaṃvādīnaṃ ayaṃ doso’’ti evaṃ taṃtaṃvādassa paribhāsanaṃ. <span class="bld">Rañño bhāraṃ karonto</span> attano desanākosallenāti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para164"></a><a name="para164_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">164</span>. <span class="bld">Paṇḍitapatirūpakāna</span>nti āmaṃ viya pakkānaṃ paṇḍitābhāsānaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Pūraṇakassapavādavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para165"></a><a name="para165_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">165</span>. <span class="bld">Ekaṃ</span> <a name="M1.0221"></a> <span class="bld">idāha</span>nti ekāhaṃ. <span class="bld">Idha</span>-saddo cettha nipātamattaṃ, ekāhaṃ samayaṃ ticceva attho. <span class="bld">Saritabbayutta</span>nti anussaraṇānucchavikaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para166"></a><a name="para166_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">166</span>. <span class="bld">Sahatthā karontassā</span>ti sahattheneva karontassa. Nissaggiyathāvarādayopi idha sahatthakaraṇeneva <a name="V1.0196"></a> saṅgahitā. <span class="bld">Hatthādīnī</span>ti hatthapādakaṇṇanāsādīni. <span class="bld">Pacanaṃ</span> dahanaṃ vibādhananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘daṇḍena uppīḷentassā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Papañcasūdaniyaṃ</span> ‘‘tajjentassa vā’’ti attho vutto, idha pana tajjanaṃ paribhāsanaṃ daṇḍeneva saṅgahetvā ‘‘daṇḍena uppīḷentassa’’ icceva vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sokaṃ sayaṃ</span> <a name="P1.0286"></a> <span class="bld">karontassā</span>ti parassa sokakāraṇaṃ sayaṃ karontassa, sokaṃ vā uppādentassa. <span class="bld">Parehī</span>ti attano vacanakarehi. <span class="bld">Sayampi phandato</span>ti parassa vibādhanapayogena sayampi phandato. <span class="bld">‘‘Atipātāpayato’’</span>ti padaṃ suddhakattuatthe hetukattuatthe ca vattatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘hanantassāpi hanāpentassāpī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Kāraṇavasenā</span>ti kārāpanavasena.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Gharassa bhitti anto bahi ca sandhitā hutvā ṭhitā <span class="bld">gharasandhi.</span> Kiñcipi asesetvā niravaseso lopo <span class="bld">nillopo. </span> Ekāgāre niyutto vilopo <span class="bld">ekāgāriko.</span> Parito sabbaso panthe hananaṃ <span class="bld">paripantho. Pāpaṃ na karīyati</span> pubbe asaññato uppādetuṃ asakkuṇeyyattā, tasmā <span class="bld">natthi pāpaṃ.</span> Yadi evaṃ kathaṃ sattā pāpe paṭipajjantīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sattā pana pāpaṃ karomāti evaṃ saññino hontī’’</span>ti. Evaṃ kirassa hoti – imesañhi sattānaṃ hiṃsādikiriyā na attānaṃ phusati tassa niccatāya nibbikārattā sarīraṃ pana acetanaṃ kaṭṭhakaliṅgarūpamaṃ, tasmiṃ vikopitepi na kiñci pāpanti. <span class="bld">Khuraneminā</span>ti nisitakhuramayaneminā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Gaṅgāya dakkhiṇā disā appatirūpadeso, uttarā disā patirūpadesoti adhippāyena‘‘dakkhiṇañca’’tiādi vuttanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘dakkhiṇatīre manussā kakkhaḷā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Mahāyāga</span>nti mahāvijitayaññasadisaṃ mahāyāgaṃ. <span class="bld">Uposathakammena vā</span>ti uposathakammena ca. <span class="bld">Dama</span>-saddo hi indriyasaṃvarassa uposathasīlassa ca vācako idhādhippeto. Keci pana <span class="bld">‘‘uposathakammenā</span>ti idaṃ indriyadamanassa visesanaṃ, tasmā ‘uposathakammabhūtena indriyadamanenā’’ti atthaṃ vadanti<a name="P1.0287"></a>. <span class="bld">Sīlasaṃyamenā</span>ti kāyikavācasikasaṃvarena<a name="M1.0222"></a>. <span class="bld">Saccavajjenā</span>ti saccavācāya, tassā visuṃ vacanaṃ loke garutarapuññasammatabhāvato. Yathā hi pāpadhammesu musāvādo garu, evaṃ puññadhammesu saccavācā. Tenāha bhagavā ‘‘ekaṃ dhammaṃ atītassā’’tiādi. <span class="bld">Pavattī</span>ti yo ‘‘karotī’’ti vuccati, tassa santāne phaluppattipaccayabhāvena uppatti. <span class="bld">Sabbathā</span>ti ‘‘karoto’’tiādinā vuttena sabbappakārena. <span class="bld">Kiriyameva paṭikkhipati,</span> na raññā puṭṭhaṃ sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ byākarotīti adhippāyo. Idaṃ avadhāraṇaṃ vipākapaṭikkhepanivattanatthaṃ. Yo hi kammaṃ paṭikkhipati, tena atthato vipākopi paṭikkhitto eva nāma hoti. Tathā hi vakkhati ‘‘kammaṃ paṭibāhantenāpī’’tiādi (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 1.170-172).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paṭirājūhi <a name="V1.0197"></a> anabhibhavanīyabhāvena visesato jitanti <span class="bld">vijitaṃ,</span> āṇāpavattideso. ‘‘Mā mayhaṃ vijite vasathā’’ti apasādanā pabbajitassa viheṭhanā pabbājanāti katvā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘apasādetabbanti viheṭhetabba’’</span>nti. Uggaṇhanaṃ tena vuttassa atthassa ‘‘evameta’’nti upadhāraṇaṃ sallakkhaṇaṃ, nikujjanaṃ tassa addhaniyabhāvāpādanavasena cittena sandhāraṇaṃ. Tadubhayaṃ paṭikkhipanto āha <span class="bld">‘‘anuggaṇhanto anikujjanto’’</span>ti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sāravasena aggaṇhanto’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="subhead">Makkhaligosālavādavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para168"></a><a name="para168_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">168</span>. <span class="bld">Ubhayenā</span>ti hetupaccayapaṭisedhanavacanena. <span class="bld">Saṃkilesapaccaya</span>nti saṃkilissanassa malīnabhāvassa kāraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Visuddhipaccaya</span>nti saṅkikilesato visuddhiyā vodānassa kāraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Attakāro</span>ti <a name="P1.0288"></a> tena tena sattena attanā kātabbakammaṃ attanā nipphādetabbapayogo. <span class="bld">Parakāra</span>nti parassa vāhasā ijjhanakapayojanaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yenā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Mahāsatta</span>nti antimabhavikaṃ mahābodhisattaṃ, paccekabodhisattassapi ettheva saṅgaho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Manussasobhagyata</span>nti manussesu subhagabhāvaṃ. <span class="bld">Eva</span>nti vuttappakārena. Kammavādassa kiriyavādassa paṭikkhipanena ‘‘atthi bhikkhave kammaṃ kaṇhaṃ kaṇhavipāka’’ntiādi (a. ni. 4.232) nayappavatte <span class="bld">jinacakke pahāraṃ deti nāma. Natthi purisakāre</span>ti yathāvuttaattakāraparakārābhāvato eva sattānaṃ paccattapurisakāro nāma koci natthīti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yenā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Natthi bala</span>nti sattānaṃ diṭṭhadhammikasamparāyikanibbānasampattiāvahaṃ balaṃ nāma kiñci natthi. Tenāha <a name="M1.0223"></a> <span class="bld">‘‘yamhī’’</span>tiādi. Nidassanamattañcetaṃ, saṃkilesikampi cāyaṃ balaṃ paṭikkhipateva. Yadi vīriyādīni purisakāravevacanāni, kasmā visuṃ gahaṇanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘idaṃ no vīriyenā’’</span>tiādi. Saddatthato pana tassā tassā kiriyāya ussannaṭṭhena <span class="bld">balaṃ.</span> Sūravīrabhāvāvahaṭṭhena <span class="bld">vīriyaṃ. </span> Tadeva daḷhabhāvato, porisadhuraṃ vahantena pavattetabbato ca <span class="bld">purisathāmo.</span> Paraṃ paraṃ ṭhānaṃ akkamanappavattiyā <span class="bld">purisaparakkamo</span>ti vuttoti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sattayogato rūpādīsu sattavisattatāya <span class="bld">sattā.</span> Pāṇanato assasanapassasanavasena pavattiyā <span class="bld">pāṇā.</span> Te pana so ekindriyādivasena vibhajitvā vadatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ekindriyo’’</span>tiādi. Aṇḍakosādīsu bhavanato <span class="bld">‘‘bhūtā’’</span>ti vuccantīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘aṇḍakosa…pe… vadatī’’</span>ti<a name="P1.0289"></a>. Jīvanato pāṇaṃ dhārentā viya vaḍḍhanato <span class="bld">jīvā. </span> Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sāliyavā’’</span>tiādi. Natthi etesaṃ saṃkilesavisuddhīsu vasoti <span class="bld">avasā.</span> Natthi nesaṃ balaṃ vīriyaṃ <a name="V1.0198"></a> cāti <span class="bld">abalā avīriyā. Niyatā</span>ti acchejjasuttāvutābhejjamaṇino viya niyatappavattitāya gatijātibandhāpavaggavasena niyāmo. <span class="bld">Tattha tattha gamana</span>nti channaṃ abhijātīnaṃ tāsu tāsu gatīsu upagamanaṃ samavāyena samāgamo. <span class="bld">Sabhāvoyevā</span>ti yathā kaṇṭakassa tikhiṇatā, kapitthaphalānaṃ parimaṇḍalatā, migapakkhīnaṃ vicittākāratā, evaṃ sabbassāpi lokassa hetupaccayena vinā tathā tathā pariṇāmo ayaṃ sabhāvo eva akittimoyeva. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yena hī’’</span>tiādi. Chaḷābhijātiyo parato vitthārīyanti. <span class="bld">‘‘Sukhañca dukkhañca paṭisaṃvedentī’’</span>ti vadanto adukkhamasukhabhūmiṃ sabbena sabbaṃ na jānātīti ulliṅganto <span class="bld">‘‘aññā adukkhamasukhabhūmi natthīti dassetī’’</span>ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pamukhayonīna</span>nti manussatiracchānādīsu khattiyabrāhmaṇādisīhabyagghādivasena padhānayonīnaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṭṭhisatānī</span>ti chasahassāni. ‘‘Pañca ca kammuno satānī’’ti padassa atthadassanaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pañcakammasatāni cā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">‘‘Eseva nayo’’</span>ti iminā ‘‘kevalaṃ takkamattakena niratthakaṃ diṭṭhiṃ dīpetī’’ti imamevatthaṃ atidisati. Ettha ca <span class="bld">‘‘takkamattakenā’’</span>ti iminā yasmā takkikā niraṅkusatāya parikappanassa yaṃ kiñci attano parikappitaṃ sārato <a name="M1.0224"></a> maññamānā tatheva abhinivissa takkadiṭṭhigāhaṃ gaṇhanti, tasmā na tesaṃ diṭṭhivatthusmiṃ viññūhi vicāraṇā kātabbāti dasseti. <span class="bld">Kecī</span>ti uttaravihāravāsino. Te hi ‘‘pañca kammānīti cakkhusotaghānajivhākāyā imāni pañcindriyāni ‘pañca kammānī’ti paññāpentī’’ti vadanti. <span class="bld">Kammanti laddhī</span>ti oḷārikabhāvato paripuṇṇakammanti laddhi. <span class="bld">Manokammaṃ</span> <a name="P1.0290"></a> anoḷārikattā <span class="bld">upaḍḍhakamma</span>nti laddhīti yojanā. <span class="bld">Dvaṭṭhipaṭipadā</span>ti ‘‘dvāsaṭṭhi paṭipadā’’ti vattabbe sabhāvaniruttiṃ ajānanto ‘‘dvaṭṭhipaṭipadā’’ti vadati. <span class="bld">Ekasmiṃ kappe</span>ti ekasmiṃ mahākappe, tatthāpi ca vivaṭṭaṭṭhāyīsaññite ekasmiṃ asaṅkhyeyyekappe.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Urabbhe hanantīti <span class="bld">orabbhikā.</span> Evaṃ <span class="bld">sūkarikā</span>dayo veditabbā. <span class="bld">Luddā</span>ti aññepi ye keci māgavikanesādā. Te pāpakammapasutatāya <span class="bld">‘‘kaṇhābhijātīti vadati. Bhikkhū’’</span>ti buddhasāsane bhikkhū. <span class="bld">Te kira</span> ‘‘sachandarāgā paribhuñjantī’’ti adhippāyena <span class="bld">‘‘catūsu paccayesu kaṇṭake pakkhipitvā khādantī’’</span>ti vadati. Kasmāti ce? Yasmā ‘‘te paṇītapaṇīte paccaye paṭisevantī’’ti tassa micchāgāho, tasmā ñāyaladdhepi paccaye bhuñjamānā ājīvakasamayassa vilomagāhitāya paccayesu kaṇṭake pakkhipitvā khādanti nāmāti vadatīti apare. <span class="bld">Eke pabbajitā,</span> ye savisesaṃ attakilamathānuyogaṃ anuyuttā. Tathā hi te kaṇṭake vattantā viya hontīti <span class="bld">‘‘kaṇṭakavuttikā’’</span>ti vuttā. Ṭhatvā bhuñjananahānapaṭikkhepādivatasamāyogena <span class="bld">paṇḍaratarā</span><a name="V1.0199"></a>. <span class="bld">‘‘Acelakasāvakā’’</span>ti ājīvakasāvake vadati. <span class="bld">Te kira</span> ājīvakaladdhiyā visuddhacittatāya nigaṇṭhehipi <span class="bld">paṇḍaratarā.</span> Nandādayo hi tathārūpaṃ ājīvakapaṭipattiṃ ukkaṃsaṃ pāpetvā ṭhitā. Tasmā nigaṇṭhehi ājīvakasāvakehi ca paṇḍaratarā paramasukkābhijātīti ayaṃ tassa laddhi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Purisabhūmiyo</span>ti padhānapuggalena niddeso. Itthīnampi tā bhūmiyo icchanteva. <span class="bld">‘‘Bhikkhu ca pannako’’</span>tiādi tesaṃ pāḷiyeva. Tattha <span class="bld">pannako</span>ti bhikkhāya vicaraṇako, tesaṃ vā paṭipattiyā paṭipannako. <span class="bld">Jino</span>ti jiṇṇo jarāvasena hīnadhātuko, attano <a name="P1.0291"></a> vā paṭipattiyā paṭipakkhaṃ jinitvā ṭhito. So kira tathābhūto dhammampi kassaci na kathesi. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘na kiñci āhā’’</span>ti. Oṭṭhavadanādivippakāre katepi khamanavasena na kiñci vadatītipi vadanti. <span class="bld">Alābhi</span>nti ‘‘so na kumbhimukhā paṭiggaṇhātī’’tiādinā <a name="M1.0225"></a> (dī. ni. 1.394) nayena vuttaalābhahetusamāyogena alābhiṃ, tatoyeva jighacchādubbalaparetatāya sayanaparāyanaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘samaṇaṃ pannabhūmī’’</span>ti vadati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ājīvavuttisatānī</span>ti sattānaṃ ājīvabhūtāni jīvikāvuttisatāni. <span class="bld">Pasu</span>ggahaṇena eḷakajāti gahitā, migaggahaṇena rurugavayādisabbamigajāti. <span class="bld">Bahū devā</span>ti cātumahārājikādibrahmakāyikādivasena, tesaṃ antarabhedavasena bahū devā. Tattha cātumahārājikānaṃ ekaccabhedo mahāsamayasuttavasena (dī. ni. 2.331) dīpetabbo. <span class="bld">Manussāpi anantā</span>ti dīpadesakulavaṃsājīvādivibhāgavasena manussāpi anantabhedā. Pisācā eva <span class="bld">pesācā.</span> Te aparapetādayo <span class="bld">mahantamahantā.</span> Chaddantadahamandākiniyo kuvāḷiyamucalindanāmena vadati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pavuṭā</span>ti pabbagaṇṭhikā. <span class="bld">Paṇḍitopi</span> <a name="P1.0292"></a> <span class="bld">…pe… uddhaṃ na gacchati,</span> kasmā? Sattānaṃ saṃsaraṇakālassa niyatabhāvato. <span class="bld">Aparipakkaṃ</span> saṃsaraṇanimittaṃ sīlādinā <span class="bld">paripāceti nāma</span> sīghaṃyeva visuddhippattiyā. <span class="bld">Paripakkaṃ</span> kammaṃ <span class="bld">phussa phussa</span> patvā patvā kālena paripakkabhāvānāpādanena <span class="bld">byantiṃ karoti nāma.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Suttaguḷe</span>ti suttavaṭṭiyaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Nibbeṭhiyamānameva paletī’’</span>ti upamāya sattānaṃ saṃsāro anukkamena khīyateva, na tassa vaḍḍhatīti dasseti paricchinnarūpattā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Ajitakesakambalavādavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para171"></a><a name="para171_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">171</span>. <span class="bld">Dinna</span>nti <a name="V1.0200"></a> deyyadhammasīsena dānaṃ vuttanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘dinnassa phalābhāvaṃ vadatī’’</span>ti, dinnaṃ pana annādivatthuṃ kathaṃ paṭikkhipati. Eseva nayo <span class="bld">yiṭṭhaṃ huta</span>nti etthāpi. <span class="bld">Mahāyāgo</span>ti sabbasādhāraṇaṃ mahādānaṃ. <span class="bld">Pāhunakasakkāro</span>ti pāhunabhāvena kātabbasakkāro. <span class="bld">Phala</span>nti ānisaṃsaphalaṃ, nissandaphalañca. <span class="bld">Vipāko</span>ti sadisaphalaṃ. <span class="bld">Paraloke ṭhitassa ayaṃ loko natthī</span>ti paraloke ṭhitassa kammunā laddhabbo ayaṃ loko na hoti. <span class="bld">Idhaloke ṭhitassāpi paraloko natthī</span>ti idhaloke ṭhitassa kammunā laddhabbo paraloko na hoti. Tattha kāraṇamāha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbe</span> <a name="M1.0226"></a> <span class="bld">tattha tattheva ucchijjantī’’</span>ti. Ime sattā yattha yattha bhave, yoniādīsu ca ṭhitā tattha tattheva ucchijjanti nirudayavināsavasena vinassanti. <span class="bld">Phalābhāvavasenā</span>ti mātāpitūsu sammāpaṭipattimicchāpaṭipattīnaṃ phalassa abhāvavasena ‘‘natthi mātā, natthi pitā’’ti vadati, na mātāpitūnaṃ, nāpi tesu idāni kayiramānasakkārāsakkārānaṃ abhāvavasena tesaṃ lokapaccakkhattā. Pubbuḷakassa viya imesaṃ sattānaṃ uppādo nāma kevalo, na cavitvā āgamanapubbakoti dassanatthaṃ ‘‘natthi sattā opapātikā’’ti vuttanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘cavitvā upapajjanakasattā nāma natthīti vadatī’’</span>ti. Samaṇena nāma yāthāvato <a name="P1.0293"></a> jānantena kassaci kiñci akathetvā saññatena bhavitabbaṃ, aññathā āhopurisikā nāma siyā. Kiñhi paro parassa karissati? Tathā ca attano sampādanassa kassaci avassayo eva na siyā tattha tattheva ucchijjanatoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ye imañca…pe… pavedentī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Catūsu mahābhūtesu niyuttoti <span class="bld">cātumahābhūtiko.</span> Yathā pana mattikāya nibbattaṃ bhājanaṃ mattikāmayaṃ, evaṃ ayaṃ catūhi mahābhūtehi nibbattoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘catumahābhūtamayo’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ajjhattikapathavīdhātū</span>ti sattasantānagatā pathavīdhātu. <span class="bld">Bāhirapathavīdhātu</span>nti bahiddhā mahāpathaviṃ. <span class="bld">Upagacchatī</span>ti bāhirapathavikāyato tadekadesabhūtā pathavī āgantvā ajjhattikabhāvappattiyā sattabhāvena saṇṭhitā idāni ghaṭādigatapathavī viya tameva bāhirapathavikāyaṃ upeti upagacchati sabbaso tena nibbisesataṃ ekībhāvameva gacchati. <span class="bld">Āpādīsupi eseva nayo</span>ti ettha pajjunnena mahāsamuddato gahitaāpo viya vassodakabhāvena punapi mahāsamuddameva, sūriyarasmito gahitaṃ indaggisaṅkhātatejo viya puna sūriyarasmiṃ, mahāvāyukhandhato niggatamahāvāto viya tameva vāyukhandhaṃ upeti upagacchatīti diṭṭhigatikassa adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Manacchaṭṭhāni indriyāni ākāsaṃ pakkhandanti</span> tesaṃ visayābhāvāti vadanti. Visayigahaṇena hi visayāpi gahitā eva hontīti. <span class="bld">Guṇāguṇapadānī</span>ti guṇadosakoṭṭhāsā. <span class="bld">Sarīrameva padānīti adhippetaṃ</span> sarīrena taṃtaṃkiriyāya <a name="V1.0201"></a> pajjitabbato. Dabbanti muyhantīti dattū, mūḷhapuggalā. Tehi <span class="bld">dattūhi</span> <a name="P1.0294"></a> bālamanussehi. ‘‘Paraloko atthī’’ti mati yesaṃ, te atthikā, tesaṃ vādoti atthikavādo, taṃ <span class="bld">atthikavādaṃ. </span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kammaṃ</span> <a name="M1.0227"></a> <span class="bld">paṭibāhati</span> akiriyavādibhāvato. <span class="bld">Vipākaṃ paṭibāhati</span> sabbena sabbaṃ āyatiṃ upapattiyā paṭikkhipanato. <span class="bld">Ubhayaṃ paṭibāhati</span> sabbaso hetupaṭibāhaneneva phalassapi paṭikkhittattā. Ubhayanti hi kammaṃ vipākañcāti ubhayaṃ. So hi ‘‘ahetū appaccayā sattā saṃkilissanti, visujjhanti cā’’ti (dī. ni. 1.168; ma. ni. 2.100, 227; saṃ. ni. 3.212) vadanto kammassa viya vipākassāpi saṃkilesavisuddhīnaṃ paccayattābhāvavacanato tadubhayaṃ paṭibāhati nāma. <span class="bld">Vipāko paṭibāhito hoti</span> asati kamme vipākābhāvato. <span class="bld">Kammaṃ paṭibāhitaṃ hoti</span> asati vipāke kammassa niratthakabhāvāpattito. <span class="bld">Atthato</span>ti sarūpena. <span class="bld">Ubhayappaṭibāhakā</span>ti visuṃ visuṃ taṃtaṃdiṭṭhidīpakabhāvena pāḷiyaṃ āgatāpi paccekaṃ tividhadiṭṭhikā eva ubhayapaṭibāhakattā. Ubhayappaṭibāhakāti hi hetuvacanaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Ahetukavādā cevā’’</span>tiādi paṭiññāvacanaṃ. Yo hi vipākapaṭibāhanena natthikadiṭṭhiko ucchedavādī, so atthato kammapaṭibāhanena akiriyadiṭṭhiko, ubhayapaṭibāhanena ahetukadiṭṭhiko ca hoti. Sesadvayepi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sajjhāyantī</span>ti taṃ diṭṭhidīpakaṃ ganthaṃ uggahetvā paṭhanti. <span class="bld">Vīmaṃsantī</span>ti tassa atthaṃ vicārenti. <span class="bld">‘‘Tesa’’</span>ntiādi vīmaṃsanākāradassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Tasmiṃ ārammaṇe</span>ti yathāparikappitakammaphalābhāvādike ‘‘karoto na karīyati pāpa’’nti ādinayappavattāya laddhiyā ārammaṇe. <span class="bld">Micchāsati santiṭṭhatī</span>ti ‘‘karoto na karīyati pāpa’’ntiādivasena anussavūpaladdhe atthe tadākāraparivitakkanehi saviggahe viya sarūpato cittassa paccupaṭṭhite cirakālaparicayena evametanti nijjhānakkhamabhāvūpagamanena nijjhānakkhantiyā <a name="P1.0295"></a> tathāgahite punappunaṃ tatheva āsevantassa bahulīkarontassa micchāvitakkena samādiyamānā micchāvāyāmūpatthambhitā ataṃsabhāvaṃ ‘‘taṃsabhāva’’nti gaṇhantī micchāsatīti laddhanāmā taṃladdhisahagatā taṇhā santiṭṭhati. <span class="bld">Cittaṃ ekaggaṃ hotī</span>ti yathāsakaṃ vitakkādipaccayalābhena tasmiṃ ārammaṇe avaṭṭhitatāya anekaggataṃ pahāya ekaggaṃ appitaṃ viya hoti. Cittasīsena micchāsamādhi eva vutto. Sopi hi paccayavisesehi laddhabhāvanābalo īdise ṭhāne samādhānapatirūpakiccakaroyeva, vāḷavijjhanādīsu viyāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Javanāni javantī</span>ti anekakkhattuṃ tenākārena pubbabhāgiyesu javanavāresu pavattesu <a name="M1.0228"></a> sabbapacchime javanavāre satta javanāni <a name="V1.0202"></a> javanti. <span class="bld">Paṭhame javane satekicchā honti. Tathā dutiyādīsū</span>ti dhammasabhāvadassanamattametaṃ, na pana tasmiṃ khaṇe tesaṃ tikicchā kenaci sakkā kātuṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti tesu tīsu micchādassanesu. <span class="bld">Koci ekaṃ dassanaṃ okkamatī</span>ti yassa ekasmiṃyeva abhiniveso āsevanā ca pavattā, so ekameva dassanaṃ okkamati. Yassa pana dvīsu tīsupi vā abhiniveso āsevanā ca pavattā, so dve tīṇipi okkamati, etena yā pubbe ubhayapaṭibāhakatāmukhena dīpitā atthasiddhā sabbadiṭṭhikatā, sā pubbabhāgiyā. Yā pana micchattaniyāmokkantibhūtā, sā yathāsakaṃ paccayasamudāgamasiddhito bhinnārammaṇānaṃ viya visesādhigamānaṃ ekajjhaṃ anuppattiyā asaṅkiṇṇā evāti dasseti. <span class="bld">‘‘Ekasmiṃ okkantepī’’</span>tiādinā tissannampi diṭṭhīnaṃ samānabalataṃ samānaphalatañca dasseti. Tasmā tissopi cetā ekassa uppannā abbokiṇṇā eva, ekāya vipāke dinne <a name="P1.0296"></a> itarā anubalappadāyikāyo honti. <span class="bld">‘‘Vaṭṭakhāṇu nāmesā’’</span>ti idaṃ vacanaṃ neyyatthaṃ, na nītatthaṃ. Tathā hi <span class="bld">papañcasūdaniyaṃ</span> ‘‘kiṃ panesa ekasmiṃyeva attabhāve niyato hoti, udāhu aññasmiṃ pīti? Ekasmiṃyeva niyato, āsevanavasena pana bhavantarepi taṃ taṃ diṭṭhiṃ roceti yevā’’ti (ma. ni. aṭṭha. 3.129) vuttaṃ. Akusalañhi nāmetaṃ abalaṃ dubbalaṃ, na kusalaṃ viya sabalaṃ mahābalaṃ. Tasmā ‘‘ekasmiṃyeva attabhāve niyato’’ti vuttaṃ. Aññathā sammattaniyāmo viya micchattaniyāmopi accantiko siyā, na ca accantiko. Yadi evaṃ vaṭṭakhāṇujotanā kathanti āha ‘‘āsevanavasena panā’’tiādi. Tasmā yathā ‘‘sakiṃ nimuggopi nimuggo eva bālo’’ti vuttaṃ, evaṃ vaṭṭakhāṇujotanā. Yādise hi paccaye paṭicca ayaṃ taṃ taṃ dassanaṃ okkanto puna kadāci tappaṭipakkhe paccaye paṭicca tato sīsukkhipanamassa na hotīti na vattabbaṃ, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘yebhuyyena hi evarūpassa bhavato vuṭṭhānaṃ nāma natthī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā evaṃ saṃsārakhāṇubhāvassapi paccayo apaṇṇakajāto, tasmā. <span class="bld">Bhūtikāmo</span>ti diṭṭhadhammikasamparāyikaparamatthānaṃ vasena attano guṇehi vaḍḍhikāmo.</p>
<p class="subhead">Pakudhakaccāyanavādavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para174"></a><a name="para174_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">174</span>. <span class="bld">Akatā</span>ti <a name="M1.0229"></a> samena visamena vā kenaci hetunā na katā na vihitā. Katavidho karaṇavidhi natthi etesanti <span class="bld">akatavidhānā</span><a name="P1.0297"></a>. Padadvayenāpi loke kenaci hetupaccayena nesaṃ anibbattanabhāvaṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Iddhiyāpi na nimmitā</span>ti kassaci iddhimato cetovasippattassa devassa<a name="V1.0203"></a>, issarādino vā iddhiyāpi na nimmitā. <span class="bld">Animmāpitā</span> kassaci animmāpitā. <span class="bld">Vuttatthamevā</span>ti brahmajālavaṇṇanāyaṃ (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 1.30) vuttatthameva. <span class="bld">Vañjhā</span>ti vañjhapasuvañjhatālādayo viya aphalā, kassaci ajanakāti attho, etena pathavikāyādīnaṃ rūpādijanakabhāvaṃ paṭikkhipati. Rūpasaddādayo hi pathavikāyādīhi appaṭibaddhavuttikāti tassa laddhi. Pabbatakūṭaṃ viya ṭhitāti <span class="bld">kūṭaṭṭhā,</span> yathā pabbatakūṭaṃ kenaci anibbattitaṃ, kassaci ca anibbattakaṃ, evamete pīti adhippāyo. Yamidaṃ ‘‘bījato aṅkurādi jāyatī’’ti vuccati, taṃ vijjamānameva tato nikkhamati, na avijjamānaṃ, aññathā aññatopi aññassa upaladdhi siyāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Ṭhitattā</span>ti nibbikārābhāvena ṭhitattā. <span class="bld">Na calantī</span>ti vikāraṃ nāpajjanti. Vikārābhāvato hi tesaṃ sattannaṃ kāyānaṃ esikaṭṭhāyiṭṭhitatā. Aniñjanañca attano pakatiyā avaṭṭhānameva. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘na vipariṇamantī’’</span>ti. Avipariṇāmadhammattā eva hi te aññamaññaṃ na byābādhenti. Sati hi vikāraṃ āpādetabbatāya byābādhakatāpi siyā, tathā anuggahetabbatāya anuggāhakatāti tadabhāvaṃ dassetuṃ pāḷiyaṃ <span class="bld">nāla</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Pathavī eva</span> kāyekadesattā <span class="bld">pathavikāyo.</span> Jīvasattamānaṃ kāyānaṃ niccatāya nibbikārabhāvato na <a name="P1.0298"></a> hantabbatā, na ghātetabbatā cāti neva koci hantā vā ghātetā vā, tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘sattannaṃ tveva kāyāna’’</span>ntiādi. Yadi koci hantā natthi, kathaṃ satthappahāroti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yathā muggarāsi ādīsū’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Kevalaṃ saññāmattameva hoti.</span> Hananaghātanādi pana paramatthato nattheva kāyānaṃ avikopanīyabhāvatoti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="subhead">Nigaṇṭhanāṭaputtavādavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para177"></a><a name="para177_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">177</span>. Cattāro yāmā bhāgā catuyāmā, catuyāmā eva cātuyāmā, bhāgattho hi idha yāma-saddo yathā ‘‘rattiyā paṭhamo yāmo’’ti<a name="M1.0230"></a>. So panettha bhāgo saṃvaralakkhaṇoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘cātuyāmasaṃvutoti catukoṭṭhāsena saṃvarena saṃvuto’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Paṭikkhittasabbasītodako</span>ti paṭikkhittasabbasītodakaparibhogo. <span class="bld">Sabbena pāpavāraṇena yutto</span>ti sabbappakārena saṃvaralakkhaṇena samannāgato. <span class="bld">Dhutapāpo</span>ti sabbena nijjaralakkhaṇena pāpavāraṇena vidhutapāpo. <span class="bld">Phuṭṭho</span>ti aṭṭhannampi kammānaṃ khepanena mokkhappattiyā kammakkhayalakkhaṇena sabbena pāpavāraṇena phuṭṭho taṃ patvā ṭhito. <span class="bld">Koṭippattacitto</span>ti mokkhādhigameneva uttamamariyādappattacitto. <span class="bld">Yatatto</span>ti kāyādīsu indriyesu saṃyametabbassa abhāvato <span class="bld">saṃyatacitto. Suppatiṭṭhitacitto</span>ti nissesato suṭṭhu patiṭṭhitacitto. <span class="bld">Sāsanānulomaṃ</span> nāma pāpavāraṇena yuttatā. Tenāha ‘‘dhutapāpo’’tiādi. <span class="bld">Asuddhaladdhitāyā</span>ti ‘‘atthi jīvo, so ca siyā nicco, siyā anicco’’ti evamādiasuddhaladdhitāya<a name="V1.0204"></a>. <span class="bld">Sabbā</span>ti kammapakativibhāgādivisayā sabbā nijjhānakkhantiyo. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhiye vā</span>ti micchādiṭṭhiyo eva jātā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Sañcayabelaṭṭhaputtavādavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para179-181"></a><a name="para179-181_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">179-181</span>. <span class="bld">Amarāvikkhepe</span> <a name="P1.0299"></a> <span class="bld">vuttanayo evā</span>ti brahmajāle amarāvikkhepavādasaṃvaṇṇanāyaṃ (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 1.61-63) vuttanayo eva vikkhepabyākaraṇabhāvato, tatheva cettha vikkhepavādassa āgatattā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Paṭhamasandiṭṭhikasāmaññaphalavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para183"></a><a name="para183_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">183</span>. <span class="bld">Yathā te rucceyyā</span>ti idāni mayā pucchiyamāno attho yathā tava citte roceyya. Gharadāsiyā kucchismiṃ jāto <span class="bld">antojāto.</span> Dhanena kīto <span class="bld">dhanakkīto.</span> Bandhaggāhagahito <span class="bld">karamarānīto. Sāma</span>nti sayameva. <span class="bld">Dāsabya</span>nti dāsabhāvaṃ. Koci dāsopi samāno alaso kammaṃ akaronto ‘‘kammakāro’’ti na vuccatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘analaso kammakaraṇasīloyevā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Paṭhamamevā</span>ti āsannataraṭṭhānūpasaṅkamanato pageva puretarameva. <span class="bld">Pacchā</span>ti sāmikassa nipajjāya pacchā. <span class="bld">Sayanato avuṭṭhite</span>ti rattiyā vibhāyanavelāya seyyato avuṭṭhite. <span class="bld">Paccūsakālato paṭṭhāyā</span>ti atītāya <a name="M1.0231"></a> rattiyā paccūsakālato paṭṭhāya. <span class="bld">Yāva sāmino rattiṃ niddokkamana</span>nti aparāya padosavelāyaṃ yāva niddokkamanaṃ. <span class="bld">Kiṃ kāra</span>nti kiṃ karaṇīyaṃ, kiṃkārabhāvato pucchitvā kātabbaveyyāvaccanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Devo viyā</span>ti ādhipaccaparivārādisampattisamannāgato padhānadevo viya. <span class="bld">So vatassāha</span>nti so vata assaṃ ahaṃ. So rājā viya ahampi bhaveyyaṃ, kathaṃ puññāni kareyyaṃ, yadi puññāni uḷārāni kareyyanti yojanā. <span class="bld">‘‘So vatassa’ssa’’</span>nti pāṭhe so rājā assa ahaṃ assaṃ vata, yadi puññāni kareyyanti yojanā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ayamevattho’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Assa</span>nti uttamapurisappayoge <span class="bld">ahaṃ</span>-saddo appayuttopi payutto eva hoti. <span class="bld">Yāvajīvaṃ na sakkhissāmi dātu</span>nti yāvajīvaṃ dānatthāya ussāhaṃ karontopi yaṃ rājā ekaṃ divasaṃ deti<a name="P1.0300"></a>, tato satabhāgampi dātuṃ na sakkhissāmi. Tasmā pabbajissāmīti pabbajjāyaṃ ussāhaṃ katvāti yojanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāyena</span> <a name="V1.0205"></a> <span class="bld">saṃvuto</span>ti kāyena saṃvaritabbaṃ kāyadvārena pavattanakaṃ pāpadhammaṃ saṃvaritvā vihareyyāti ayamettha atthoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kāyena pihito hutvā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Ghāsacchādanena paramatāyā</span>ti ghāsacchādanapariyesane sallekhavasena paramatāya, ukkaṭṭhabhāve saṇṭhito ghāsacchādanameva vā paramaṃ parā koṭi etassa, na tato paraṃ kiñci āmisajātaṃ pariyesati paccāsisati cāti ghāsacchādanaparamo, tabbhāvo ghāsacchādanaparamatā, tassā <span class="bld">ghāsacchādanaparamatāya. Vivekaṭṭhakāyāna</span>nti gaṇasaṅgaṇikato pavivitte ṭhitakāyānaṃ. <span class="bld">Nekkhammābhiratāna</span>nti jhānābhiratānaṃ. Tāya eva jhānābhiratiyā paramaṃ uttamaṃ vodānaṃ visuddhiṃ pattatāya <span class="bld">paramavodānappattānaṃ.</span> Kilesūpadhiabhisaṅkhārūpadhīnaṃ accantavigamena <span class="bld">nirupadhīnaṃ. Visaṅkhāragatāna</span>nti adhigatanibbānānaṃ. Ettha ca paṭhamo viveko itarehi dvīhi vivekehi sahāpi pattabbo vināpi, tathā dutiyo. Tatiyo pana itarehi dvīhi saheva pattabbo, na vināti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Gaṇe janasamāgame sannipatanaṃ <span class="bld">gaṇasaṅgaṇikā,</span> taṃ <span class="bld">pahāya eko viharati</span> carati puggalavasena asahāyattā. Citte kilesānaṃ sannipatanaṃ <span class="bld">cittakilesasaṅgaṇikā,</span> taṃ <span class="bld">pahāya eko viharati</span> kilesavasena asahāyattā. Maggassa <a name="M1.0232"></a> ekacittakkhaṇikattā, gotrabhuādīnañca ārammaṇamattattā na tesaṃ vasena sātisayā nibbutisukhasamphusanā, phalasamāpattinirodhasamāpattivasena sātisayāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘phalasamāpattiṃ vā nirodhasamāpattiṃ vā pavisitvā’’</span>ti. Phalapariyosāno hi nirodhoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para184"></a><a name="para184_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">184</span>. <span class="bld">Abhiharitvā</span>ti abhimukhībhāvena netvā. ‘‘Ahaṃ cīvarādīhi payojanaṃ sādhessāmī’’ti vacanaseso. <span class="bld">Sappāya</span>nti <a name="P1.0301"></a> sabbagelaññapaharaṇavasena upakārāvahaṃ. Bhāvinā anatthato paripālanavasena gopanā <span class="bld">rakkhāgutti.</span> Paccuppannassa nisedhavasena <span class="bld">āvaraṇagutti.</span></p>
<p class="subhead">Dutiyasandiṭṭhikasāmaññaphalavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para186"></a><a name="para186_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">186</span>. <span class="bld">Kasatīti</span> kasiṃ karoti. <span class="bld">Gahapatiko</span>ti ettha ka-saddo appatthoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ekagehamatte jeṭṭhako’’</span>ti, tena anekakulajeṭṭhakabhāvaṃ paṭikkhipati. <span class="bld">Karaṃ karotī</span>ti karaṃ sampādeti. <span class="bld">Vaḍḍhetī</span>ti uparūpari sampādanena vaḍḍheti. Evaṃ appampi pahāya pabbajituṃ dukkaranti ayamattho laṭukikopamasuttena (ma. ni. 2.151, 152) dīpetabbo. Tenāha ‘‘seyyathāpi, udāyi, puriso daliddo assako anāḷhiyo, tassassa ekaṃ agārakaṃ oluggaviluggaṃ kākātidāyiṃ naparamarūpa’’nti vitthāro. Yadi appampi bhogaṃ pahāya pabbajituṃ dukkaraṃ, kasmā dāsavāre bhogaggahaṇaṃ na katanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘dāsavāre panā’’</span>tiādi. Yathā <a name="V1.0206"></a> ca dāsassa bhogāpi abhogā parāyattabhāvato, evaṃ ñātayo pīti dāsavāre ñātiparivaṭṭaggahaṇampi na katanti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Paṇītatarasāmaññaphalavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para189"></a><a name="para189_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">189</span>. <span class="bld">Evarūpāhī</span>ti yathāvuttadāsakassakūpamāsadisāhi upamāhi sāmaññaphalaṃ dīpetuṃ pahoti bhagavā sakalampi rattindivaṃ tato bhiyyopi anantapaṭibhānatāya vicittanayadesanabhāvato. <span class="bld">Tathāpī</span>ti satipi desanāya uttaruttarādhikanānānayavicittabhāve.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekatthametaṃ</span> padaṃ sādhusaddasseva ka-kārena vaḍḍhitvā vuttattā, teneva <span class="bld">sādhuka</span>-saddassa atthaṃ vadantena atthuddhāravasena <span class="bld">sādhu</span>-saddo udāhaṭo. <span class="bld">Āyācane</span>ti abhimukhayācane, abhipatthanāyanti attho<a name="P1.0302"></a>. <span class="bld">Sampaṭicchane</span>ti paṭiggaṇhane<a name="M1.0233"></a>. <span class="bld">Sampahaṃsane</span>ti saṃvijjamānaguṇavasena haṃsane tosane, udaggatākaraṇeti attho. <span class="bld">Dhammarucī</span>ti puññakāmo. <span class="bld">Paññāṇavā</span>ti paññavā. <span class="bld">Addubbho</span>ti adūsako, anupaghātakoti attho. <span class="bld">Idhāpī</span>ti imasmiṃ sāmaññaphalepi. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ</span> sādhu-saddo. <span class="bld">Daḷhīkamme</span>ti sakkacca kiriyāyaṃ. <span class="bld">Āṇattiya</span>nti āṇāpane. ‘‘Suṇohi sādhukaṃ manasi karohī’’ti hi vutte sādhuka-saddena savanamanasikārānaṃ sakkaccakiriyā viya tadāṇāpanampi jotitaṃ hoti, āyācanatthatā viya cassa āṇāpanatthatā veditabbā. <span class="bld">Sundarepī</span>ti sundaratthepi. Idāni yathāvuttena sādhuka-saddassa atthattayena pakāsitaṃ visesaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘daḷhīkammatthena hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Manasi karohī</span>ti ettha manasikāro na ārammaṇapaṭipādanalakkhaṇo, atha kho vīthipaṭipādanajavanapaṭipādanamanasikārapubbakaṃ citte ṭhapanalakkhaṇoti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘āvajjā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Sotindriyavikkhepavāraṇaṃ</span> savane niyojanavasena kiriyantarapaṭisedhanabhāvato, sotaṃ odahāti attho. <span class="bld">Manindriyavikkhepavāraṇaṃ</span> aññacintāpaṭisedhanato. <span class="bld">Byañjanavipallāsaggāhavāraṇaṃ</span> ‘‘sādhuka’’nti visesetvā vuttattā. Pacchimassa atthavipallāsaggāhavāraṇepi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Dhāraṇūpaparikkhādīsū</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena tulanatīraṇādike, diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividhe ca saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Sabyañjano</span>ti ettha yathādhippetamatthaṃ byañjayatīti byañjanaṃ, sabhāvanirutti. Saha byañjanenāti sabyañjano, byañjanasampannoti attho. <span class="bld">Sāttho</span>ti araṇīyato upagantabbato anudhātabbato attho, catupārisuddhisīlādiko<a name="P1.0303"></a>. Tena saha atthenāti sāttho, atthasampannoti attho. <span class="bld">Dhammagambhīro</span>tiādīsu <span class="bld">dhammo</span> nāma tanti. <span class="bld">Desanā</span> <a name="V1.0207"></a> nāma tassā manasā vavatthāpitāya tantiyā desanā. <span class="bld">Attho</span> nāma tantiyā attho. <span class="bld">Paṭivedho</span> nāma tantiyā, tantiatthassa ca yathābhūtāvabodho. Yasmā cete dhammadesanā atthappaṭivedhā sasādīhi viya mahāsamuddo mandabuddhīhi dukkhogāhā, alabbhaneyyapatiṭṭhā ca, tasmā gambhīrā. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yasmā ayaṃ dhammo…pe… sādhukaṃ manasi karohī’’</span>ti. Ettha ca paṭivedhassa dukkarabhāvato dhammatthānaṃ, desanāñāṇassa dukkarabhāvato desanāya dukkhogāhatā, paṭivedhassa pana uppādetuṃ asakkuṇeyyatāya, ñāṇuppattiyā ca dukkarabhāvato dukkhogāhatā veditabbā. <span class="bld">Desanaṃ</span> nāma <a name="M1.0234"></a> uddisanaṃ, tassa niddisanaṃ <span class="bld">bhāsana</span>nti idhādhippetanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vitthārato bhāsissāmī’’</span>ti. Paribyattaṃ kathanañhi bhāsanaṃ, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘desessāmīti…pe… vitthāradīpana’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathāvuttamatthaṃ suttapadena samatthetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tenāhā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sāḷikāyiva nigghoso</span>ti sāḷikāya ālāpo viya madhuro kaṇṇasukho pemanīyo. <span class="bld">Paṭibhāna</span>nti saddo. <span class="bld">Udīrayī</span>ti uccārīyati, vuccati vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evaṃ vutte ussāhajāto</span>ti evaṃ ‘‘suṇohi sādhukaṃ manasi karohi bhāsissāmī’’ti vutte ‘‘na kira bhagavā saṅkhepeneva desessati, vitthārenapi bhāsissatī’’ti sañjātussāho haṭṭhatuṭṭho hutvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para190"></a><a name="para190_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">190</span>. <span class="bld">‘‘Idhā’’</span>ti iminā vuccamānaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ tathāgatassa uppattiṭṭhānabhūtaṃ adhippetanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘desāpadese nipāto’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">‘‘Svāya’’</span>nti sāmaññato idhasaddamattaṃ gaṇhāti, na yathāvisesitabbaṃ idha-saddaṃ. Tathā hi vakkhati ‘‘katthaci padapūraṇamattamevā’’ti (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 1.190). <span class="bld">Lokaṃ upādāya vuccati</span> loka-saddena samānādhikaraṇabhāvena vuttattā<a name="P1.0304"></a>. Sesapadadvaye pana padantarasannidhānamattena taṃ taṃ upādāya vuttatā daṭṭhabbā. <span class="bld">Idha tathāgato loke</span>ti hi jātikhettaṃ, tatthāpi ayaṃ cakkavāḷo ‘‘loko’’ti adhippeto. <span class="bld">Samaṇo</span>ti sotāpanno. <span class="bld">Dutiyo samaṇo</span>ti sakadāgāmī. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘katamo ca bhikkhave samaṇo? Idha bhikkhave bhikkhu tiṇṇaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā sotāpanno hotī’’tiādi (a. ni. 4.241). ‘‘Katamo ca bhikkhave dutiyo samaṇo? Idha bhikkhave bhikkhu tiṇṇaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā rāgadosamohānaṃ tanuttā’’tiādi (a. ni. 4.241). <span class="bld">Okāsa</span>nti kañci padesaṃ. <span class="bld">Idheva tiṭṭhamānassā</span>ti imissā eva indasālaguhāyaṃ tiṭṭhamānassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Padapūraṇamattameva</span> <a name="V1.0208"></a> okāsāpadisanassāpi asambhavato atthantarassa abodhanato. Arahanti ādayo saddā vitthāritāti yojanā. Atthato vitthāraṇaṃ saddamukheneva hotīti saddaggahaṇaṃ. Yasmā. ‘‘Aparehipi aṭṭhahi kāraṇehi bhagavā tathāgato’’tiādinā udānaṭṭhakathādīsu, (udā. aṭṭha. 18; itivu. aṭṭha. 38) arahanti ādayo visuddhimaggaṭīkāyaṃ aparehi pakārehi vitthāritā<a name="M1.0235"></a>, tasmātesu vuttānayenapi so (visuddhi. ṭī. 1.129, 130) attho veditabbo. Tathāgatassa sattanikāyantogadhatāya ‘‘idha pana sattaloko adhippeto’’ti vatvā tatthāyaṃ yasmiṃ sattanikāye yasmiñca okāse uppajjati, taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sattaloke uppajjamānopi cā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Tathāgato na devaloke uppajjatī’’</span>tiādīsu yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ parato āgamissati. <span class="bld">Sārappattā</span>ti kulabhogissariyādivasena sārabhūtā. <span class="bld">Brāhmaṇagahapatikā</span>ti brahmāyupokkharasātiādibrāhmaṇā <a name="P1.0305"></a> ceva anāthapiṇḍikādigahapatikā ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Sujātāyā’’</span>tiādinā vuttesu catūsu vikappesu paṭhamo vikappo buddhabhāvāya āsannatarapaṭipattidassanavasena vutto. Āsannatarāya hi paṭipattiyā ṭhito ‘‘uppajjatīti’’ vuccati uppādassa ekantikattā, pageva paṭipattiyā matthake ṭhito. Dutiyo buddhabhāvāvahapabbajjato paṭṭhāya āsannapaṭipattidassanavasena, tatiyo buddhakaradhamma pāripūrito paṭṭhāya buddhabhāvāya paṭipattidassanavasena. Na hi mahāsattānaṃ uppatibhavūpapattito paṭṭhāya bodhisambhārasambharaṇaṃ nāma atthi. Catuttho buddhakaradhammasamārambhato paṭṭhāya. Bodhiyā niyatabhāvappattito pabhuti hi viññūhi ‘‘buddho uppajjatī’’ti vattuṃ sakkā uppādassa ekantikattā. Yathā pana sandanti nadiyoti sandanakiriyāya avicchedamupādāya vattamānappayogo, evaṃ uppādatthāya paṭipajjanakiriyāya avicchedamupādāya catūsu vikappesu ‘‘uppajjati nāmā’’ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbapaṭhamaṃ uppannabhāva</span>nti catūsu vikappesu sabbapaṭhamaṃ vuttaṃ tathāgatassa uppannatāsaṅkhātaṃ atthibhāvaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘uppanno hotīti ayañhettha attho’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">So bhagavā</span>ti yo ‘‘tathāgato araha’’ntiādinā kittitaguṇo, so bhagavā. ‘‘Imaṃ loka’’nti nayidaṃ mahājanassa sammukhamattaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ, atha kho anavasesaṃ pariyādāyāti dassetuṃ ‘‘sadevaka’’ntiādi vuttaṃ, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘idāni vattabbaṃ nidassetī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Pajātattā</span>ti yathāsakaṃ kammakilesehi nibbattattā. <span class="bld">Pañcakāmāvacaradevaggahaṇaṃ</span> pārisesañāyena itaresaṃ padantarehi saṅgahitattā. Sadevakanti ca avayavena viggaho samudāyo samāsattho. <span class="bld">Chaṭṭhakāmāvacaradevaggahaṇaṃ</span> paccāsattiñāyena. Tattha hi so jāto, taṃnivāsī ca. <span class="bld">Brahmakāyikādibrahmaggahaṇa</span>nti etthāpi eseva <a name="P1.0306"></a> nayo. <span class="bld">Paccatthika</span> <a name="M1.0236"></a> <span class="bld">…pe… samaṇabrāhmaṇaggahaṇa</span>nti nidassanamattametaṃ apaccatthikānaṃ, asamitābāhitapāpānañca samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ sassamaṇabrāhmaṇīvacanena gahitattā. Kāmaṃ ‘‘sadevaka’’ntiādi <a name="V1.0209"></a> visesanānaṃ vasena sattavisayo lokasaddoti viññāyati tulyayogavisayattā tesaṃ, ‘‘salomako sapakkhako’’tiādīsu pana atulyayogepi ayaṃ samāso labbhatīti byabhicāradassanato pajāgahaṇanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pajāvacanena sattalokaggahaṇa’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Arūpino sattā attano āneñjavihārena viharantā dibbantīti devāti imaṃ nibbacanaṃ labhantīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sadevakaggahaṇena arūpāvacaraloko gahito’’</span>ti. Tenāha ‘‘ākāsānañcāyatanūpagānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyata’’nti (a. ni. 3.117). <span class="bld">Samārakaggahaṇena chakāmāvacaradevaloko gahito</span> tassa savisesaṃ mārassa vase vattanato. <span class="bld">Rūpī brahmaloko gahito</span> arūpībrahmalokassa visuṃ gahitattā. <span class="bld">Catuparisavasenā</span>ti khattiyādicatuparisavasena, itarā pana catasso parisā samārakādiggahaṇena gahitā evāti. <span class="bld">Avasesasabbasattaloko</span> nāgagaruḷādibhedo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettāvatā ca bhāgaso lokaṃ gahetvā yojanaṃ dassetvā idāni tena tena visesena abhāgaso lokaṃ gahetvā yojanaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘api cetthā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">ukkaṭṭhaparicchedato</span>ti ukkaṃsagativijānanena. Pañcasu hi gatīsu devagatipariyāpannāva seṭṭhā, tatthāpi arūpino dūrasamussāritakilesadukkhatāya, santapaṇītaāneñjavihārasamaṅgitāya, atidīghāyukatāyāti evamādīhi visesehi ativiya ukkaṭṭhā. <span class="bld">‘‘Brahmā mahānubhāvo’’</span>tiādi dasasahassiyaṃ mahābrahmuno vasena vadati. ‘‘Ukkaṭṭhaparicchedato’’ti <a name="P1.0307"></a> hi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Anuttara</span>nti seṭṭhaṃ nava lokuttaraṃ. <span class="bld">Bhāvānukkamo</span>ti bhāvavasena paresaṃ ajjhāsayavasena ‘‘sadevaka’’ntiādīnaṃ padānaṃ anukkamo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tīhākārehī</span>ti devamārabrahmasahitatāsaṅkhātehi tīhi pakārehi. <span class="bld">Tīsu padesū</span>ti ‘‘sadevaka’’ntiādīsu tīsu padesu. <span class="bld">Tena tenākārenā</span>ti sadevakattādinā tena tena pakārena. Tedhātukameva pariyādinnanti porāṇā panāhūti yojanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Abhiññā</span>ti <a name="M1.0237"></a> ya-kāralopenāyaṃ niddeso, abhijānitvāti ayamettha atthoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘abhiññāya adhikena ñāṇena ñatvā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Anumānādipaṭikkhepo</span>ti anumānaupamānaatthāpattiādipaṭikkhepo ekappamāṇattā. Sabbattha appaṭihatañāṇacāratāya hi sabbapaccakkhā buddhā bhagavanto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anuttaraṃ</span> <a name="V1.0210"></a> <span class="bld">vivekasukha</span>nti phalasamāpattisukhaṃ, tena ṭhitimissāpi [vīthimissāpi (sārattha. ṭī. 1.verañjakaṇḍavaṇṇanāyaṃ) dhitimissāpi (ka)] kadāci bhagavato dhammadesanā hotīti <span class="bld">hitvāpī</span>ti <span class="bld">pi</span>-saddaggahaṇaṃ. Bhagavā hi dhammaṃ desento yasmiṃ khaṇe parisā sādhukāraṃ vā deti, yathāsutaṃ vā dhammaṃ paccavekkhati, taṃ khaṇaṃ pubbabhāgena paricchinditvā phalasamāpattiṃ samāpajjati, yathāparicchedañca samāpattito vuṭṭhāya ṭhitaṭṭhānato paṭṭhāya dhammaṃ deseti. Ugghaṭitaññussa vasena <span class="bld">appaṃ vā</span> vipañcitaññussa, neyyassa vā vasena <span class="bld">bahuṃ vā desento.</span> Dhammassa kalyāṇatā niyyānikatāya, niyyānikatā ca sabbaso anavajjabhāvenevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘anavajjameva katvā’’</span>ti. Desakāyattena āṇādividhinā abhisajjanaṃ pabodhanaṃ desanāti sā pariyattidhammavasena veditabbāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘desanāya tāva catuppadikāyapi gāthāyā’’</span>tiādi. Nidānanigamanānipi satthuno desanāya anuvidhānato tadantogadhāni evāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘nidānamādi, idaṃ evocāti pariyosāna’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sāsitabbapuggalagatena yathāparādhādisāsitabbabhāvena <a name="P1.0308"></a> anusāsanaṃ tadaṅgavinayādivasena vinayanaṃ sāsananti taṃ paṭipattidhammavasena veditabbanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sīlasamādhivipassanā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Kusalānaṃ dhammāna</span>nti anavajjadhammānaṃ sīlassa, samathavipassanānañca sīladiṭṭhīnaṃ ādibhāvo taṃ mūlakattā uttarimanussadhammānaṃ. Ariyamaggassa antadvayavigamena majjhimapaṭipadābhāvo viya, sammāpaṭipattiyā ārabbhanipphattīnaṃ vemajjhattāpi majjhabhāvoti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Atthi bhikkhave…pe… majjhaṃ nāmā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Phalaṃ pariyosānaṃ nāma</span> saupādisesatāvasena, <span class="bld">nibbānaṃ pariyosānaṃ nāma</span> anupādisesatāvasena. Idāni tesaṃ dvinnampi sāsanassa pariyosānataṃ āgamena dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘etadatthamida’’</span>ntiādi āha. <span class="bld">Idha desanāya ādimajjhapariyosānaṃ adhippetaṃ</span> ‘‘sabyañjana’’ntiādi vacanato. Tasmiṃ tasmiṃ atthe katāvadhisaddappabandho gāthāvasena, suttavasena ca vavatthito pariyattidhammo, yo <a name="M1.0238"></a> idha ‘‘desanā’’ti vutto, tassa pana attho visesato sīlādi evāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘bhagavā hi dhammaṃ desento…pe… dassetī’’</span>ti. Tattha <span class="bld">sīlaṃ dassetvā</span>ti <span class="bld">sīla</span>ggahaṇena sasambhāraṃ sīlaṃ gahitaṃ, tathā <span class="bld">magga</span>ggahaṇena sasambhāro maggoti tadubhayavasena anavasesato pariyatti atthaṃ pariyādiyati. <span class="bld">Tenā</span>ti sīlādidassanena. Atthavasena hi idha desanāya ādikalyāṇādibhāvo adhippeto. <span class="bld">Kathikasaṇṭhitī</span>ti kathikassa saṇṭhānaṃ kathanavasena samavaṭṭhānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na so sātthaṃ deseti</span> niyyānatthavirahato tassā desanāya. <span class="bld">Ekabyañjanādiyuttā vā</span>ti sithilādibhedesu byañjanesu ekappakāremeva, dvipakāremeva vā byañjanena yuttā vā damiḷabhāsā viya<a name="V1.0211"></a>. Vivaṭakaraṇatāya oṭṭhe aphusāpetvā uccāretabbato <span class="bld">sabbaniroṭṭhabyañjanā vā</span> kirātabhāsā <a name="P1.0309"></a> viya. Sabbasseva [sabbattheva (sārattha. ṭī. 1.verañjakaṇḍavaṇṇanāyaṃ 1)] vissajjanīyayuttatāya <span class="bld">sabbavissaṭṭhabyañjanā vā</span> savarabhāsā [yavanabhāsā (sārattha. ṭī. 1.verañjakaṇḍavaṇṇanāyaṃ)] viya. Sabbasseva [sabbattheva (sārattha. ṭī. 1.verañjakaṇḍavaṇṇanāyaṃ)] sānusāratāya <span class="bld">sabbaniggahitabyañjanā vā</span> pārasikādimilakkhubhāsā viya. Sabbāpesā byañjanekadesavasena pavattiyā aparipuṇṇabyañjanāti katvā <span class="bld">‘‘abyañjanā’’</span>ti vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ṭhānakaraṇāni sithilāni katvā uccāretabbaṃ akkharaṃ pañcasu vaggesu paṭhamatatiyanti evamādi <span class="bld">sithilaṃ.</span> Tāni asithilāni katvā uccāretabbaṃ akkharaṃ vaggesu dutiyacatutthanti evamādi <span class="bld">dhanitaṃ.</span> Dvimattakālaṃ <span class="bld">dīghaṃ.</span> Ekamattakālaṃ <span class="bld">rassaṃ</span> tadeva <span class="bld">lahukaṃ.</span> Lahukameva saṃyogaparaṃ, dīghañca <span class="bld">garukaṃ.</span> Ṭhānakaraṇāni niggahetvā uccāretabbaṃ <span class="bld">niggahitaṃ.</span> Parena sambandhaṃ katvā uccāretabbaṃ <span class="bld">sambandhaṃ.</span> Tathā nasambandhaṃ <span class="bld">vavatthitaṃ.</span> Ṭhānakaraṇāni nissaṭṭhāni katvā uccāretabbaṃ <span class="bld">vimuttaṃ. Dasadhā</span>ti evaṃ sithilādivasena byañjanabuddhiyā akkharuppādakacittassa sabbākārena <span class="bld">pabhedo.</span> Sabbāni hi akkharāni cittasamuṭṭhānāni yathādhippetatthaṃ byañjanato byañjanāni cāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Amakkhetvā</span>ti amilecchetvā, avināsetvā, ahāpetvāti vā attho. Bhagavā yamatthaṃ ñāpetuṃ ekaṃ gāthaṃ, ekaṃ vākyaṃ vā deseti, tamatthaṃ tāya desanāya parimaṇḍalapadabyañjanāya eva desetīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘paripuṇṇabyañjanameva katvā dhammaṃ desetī’’</span>ti. Idha <span class="bld">kevala</span>saddo anavasesavācako, na avomissakādivācakoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sakalādhivacana’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Paripuṇṇa</span>nti sabbaso puṇṇaṃ, taṃ pana kenaci ūnaṃ, adhikaṃ vā na hotīti <a name="M1.0239"></a> <span class="bld">‘‘anūnādhikavacana’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. Tattha yadatthaṃ <a name="P1.0310"></a> desito, tassa sādhakattā anūnatā veditabbā, tabbidhurassa pana asādhakattā anadhikatā. Sakalanti sabbabhāgavantaṃ. Paripuṇṇanti sabbaso paripuṇṇameva, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ekadesanāpi aparipuṇṇā natthī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Aparisuddhā desanā hoti</span> taṇhāya saṃkiliṭṭhattā. Lokāmisaṃ cīvarādayo paccayā tattha agadhitacittatāya <span class="bld">lokāmisanirapekkho. Hitapharaṇenā</span>ti hitūpasaṃhārena. <span class="bld">Mettābhāvanāya</span> karaṇabhūtāya <span class="bld">muduhadayo. Ullumpanasabhāvasaṇṭhitenā</span>ti sakalasaṃkilesato, vaṭṭadukkhato ca uddharaṇākārāvaṭṭhitena cittena, kāruṇādhippāyenāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Ito paṭṭhāya dassāmeva, evañca dassāmī’’ti samādātabbaṭṭhena <span class="bld">vataṃ.</span> Paṇḍitapaññattatāya <a name="V1.0212"></a> seṭṭhaṭṭhena brahmaṃ brahmānaṃ vā cariyanti <span class="bld">brahmacariyaṃ</span> dānaṃ. Macchariyalobhādiniggaṇhanena <span class="bld">suciṇṇassa. Iddhī</span>ti deviddhi. <span class="bld">Jutī</span>ti pabhā, ānubhāvo vā. <span class="bld">Balavīriyūpapattī</span>ti evaṃ mahatā balena ca vīriyena ca samannāgamo. <span class="bld">Puñña</span>nti puññaphalaṃ. <span class="bld">Veyyāvaccaṃ brahmacariyaṃ</span> seṭṭhā cariyāti katvā. Esa nayo sesepi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā sikkhattayasaṅgahaṃ sakalaṃ sāsanaṃ idha ‘‘brahmacariya’’nti adhippetaṃ tasmā. ‘‘Brahmacariya’’nti iminā samānādhikaraṇāni sabbapadāni yojetvā atthaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘so dhammaṃ deseti…pe… pakāsetīti evamettha attho daṭṭhabbo’’</span>ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para191"></a><a name="para191_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">191</span>. <span class="bld">Vuttappakārasampada</span>nti yathāvuttaṃ ādikalyāṇatādiguṇasampadaṃ, dūrasamussāritamānasseva sāsane sammāpaṭipatti sambhavati, na mānajātikassāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘nihatamānattā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ussannattā</span>ti bahulabhāvato. Bhogārogyādivatthukā madā suppaheyyā honti nimittassa anavatthānato, na tathā kulavijjāmadā, tasmā khattiyabrāhmaṇakulānaṃ pabbajitānampi <a name="P1.0311"></a> jātivijjā nissāya mānajappanaṃ duppajahanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yebhuyyena hi…pe… mānaṃ karontī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Vijātitāyā</span>ti nihīnajātitāya. <span class="bld">Patiṭṭhātuṃ na sakkontī</span>ti suvisuddhaṃ katvā sīlaṃ rakkhituṃ na sakkonti. Sīlavasena hi sāsane patiṭṭhā, <span class="bld">patiṭṭhātu</span>nti vā saccapaṭivedhena lokuttarāya patiṭṭhāya patiṭṭhātuṃ. Sā hi nippariyāyato sāsane patiṭṭhā nāma, yebhuyyena ca upanissayasampannā sujātā eva honti, na dujjātā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Parisuddha</span>nti <a name="M1.0240"></a> rāgādīnaṃ accantameva pahānadīpanato nirupakkilesatāya sabbaso parisuddhaṃ. <span class="bld">Saddhaṃ paṭilabhatī</span>ti pothujjanikasaddhāvasena saddahati. Viññūjātikānañhi dhammasampattiggahaṇapubbikā saddhā siddhi dhammappamāṇadhammappasannabhāvato. ‘‘Sammāsambuddho vata so bhagavā, yo evaṃ svākkhātadhammo’’ti saddhaṃ paṭilabhati. <span class="bld">Jāyampatikā</span>ti gharaṇīpatikā. Kāmaṃ ‘‘jāyampatikā’’ti vutte gharasāmikagharasāminīvasena dvinnaṃyeva gahaṇaṃ viññāyati. Yassa pana purisassa anekā pajāpatiyo, tattha kiṃ vattabbaṃ, ekāyāpi saṃvāso sambādhoti dassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘dve’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Rāgādinā sakiñcanaṭṭhena, khettavatthu ādinā sapalibodhaṭṭhena rāgarajādīnaṃ āgamanapathatāpi uṭṭhānaṭṭhānatā evāti dvepi vaṇṇanā ekatthā, byañjanameva nānaṃ. <span class="bld">Alagganaṭṭhenā</span>ti assajjanaṭṭhena appaṭibaddhabhāvena. Evaṃ akusalakusalappavattīnaṃ ṭhānabhāvena gharāvāsapabbajjānaṃ sambādhabbhokāsataṃ dassetvā idāni kusalappavattiyā eva aṭṭhānaṭṭhānabhāvena tesaṃ taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘apicā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saṅkhepakathā</span>ti <a name="V1.0213"></a> visuṃ visuṃ paduddhāraṃ akatvā samāsato atthavaṇṇanā. <span class="bld">Ekampi divasa</span>nti ekadivasamattampi. <span class="bld">Akhaṇḍaṃ katvā</span>ti dukkaṭamattassapi anāpajjanena akhaṇḍitaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Kilesamalena amalīna</span>nti taṇhāsaṃkilesādinā asaṃkiliṭṭhaṃ katvā. Pariyodātaṭṭhena nimmalabhāvena saṅkhaṃ viya likhitaṃ dhotanti <span class="bld">saṅkhalikhita</span>nti <a name="P1.0312"></a> āha <span class="bld">‘‘dhotasaṅkhasappaṭibhāga’’</span>nti. ‘‘Ajjhāvasatā’’ti padappayogena ‘‘agāra’’nti bhummatthe upayogavacananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘agāramajjhe’’</span>ti. Kasāyena rattāni vatthāni <span class="bld">kāsāyānī</span>ti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kasāyarasapītatāyā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Paridahitvā</span>ti nivāsetvā ceva pārupitvā ca. Agāravāso agāraṃ uttarapadalopena, tassa vaḍḍhiāvahaṃ <span class="bld">agārassa hitaṃ.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para192"></a><a name="para192_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">192</span>. <span class="bld">Bhogakkhandho</span>ti bhogasamudāyo. <span class="bld">Ābandhanaṭṭhenā</span>ti ‘‘putto nattā’’tiādinā pemavasena saparicchedaṃ bandhanaṭṭhena. ‘‘Amhākamete’’ti ñāyantīti <span class="bld">ñātī.</span> Pitāmahapituputtādivasena parivattanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">parivaṭṭo.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para193"></a><a name="para193_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">193</span>. <span class="bld">Pātimokkhasaṃvarasaṃvuto</span>ti pātimokkhasaṃvarena pihitakāyavacīdvāro, tathābhūto ca yasmā tena saṃvarena upeto nāma hoti<a name="M1.0241"></a>, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pātimokkhasaṃvarena samannāgato’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">‘‘Ācāragocarasampanno’’</span>tiādi tasseva pātimokkhasaṃvarasamannāgamassa paccayadassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Appamattakesū</span>ti asañcicca āpannaanukhuddakesu ceva sahasā uppannaakusalacittuppādesu ca. <span class="bld">Bhayadassāvī</span>ti bhayadassanasīlo. <span class="bld">Sammā ādiyitvā</span>ti sakkaccaṃ yāvajīvaṃ avītikkamavasena ādiyitvā. <span class="bld">Taṃ taṃ sikkhāpada</span>nti taṃ taṃ sikkhākoṭṭhāsaṃ. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti etasmiṃ ‘‘pātimokkhasaṃvarasaṃvuto’’ti pāṭhe. <span class="bld">Saṅkhepo</span>ti saṅkhepavaṇṇanā. <span class="bld">Vitthāro visuddhimagge</span> (visuddhi. 1.14) <span class="bld">vutto,</span> tasmā so tattha, taṃsaṃvaṇṇanāya (visuddhi. ṭī. 1.14) ca vuttanayena veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ācāragocaraggahaṇenevā</span>ti ‘‘ācāragocarasampanno’’ti vacaneneva. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kusale kāyakammavacīkamme gahitepī’’</span>ti. Adhikavacanaṃ aññamatthaṃ bodhetīti katvā <span class="bld">tassa</span> ājīvapārisuddhisīlassa <span class="bld">uppattidvāradassanatthaṃ…pe… kusalenāti vuttaṃ,</span> sabbaso anesanappahānena anavajjenāti attho. Yasmā ‘‘katame <a name="P1.0313"></a> ca thapati kusalā sīlā kusalaṃ kāyakammaṃ kusalaṃ vacīkamma’’nti (ma. ni. 2.265) sīlassa kusalakāyavacībhāvaṃ dassetvā ‘‘ājīvaparisuddhampi kho ahaṃ thapati sīlasmiṃ vadāmī’’ti (ma. ni. 2.265) evaṃ pavattāya muṇḍikasuttadesanāya ‘‘kāyakammavacīkammena samannāgato kusalena, parisuddhājīvo’’ti <a name="V1.0214"></a> ayaṃ desanā ekasaṅgahā aññadatthu saṃsandati sametīti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘muṇḍikasuttavasena vā evaṃ vutta’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Sīlasmiṃ vadāmī</span>ti ‘‘sīla’’nti vadāmi, ‘‘sīlasmiṃ antogadhaṃ pariyāpanna’’nti vadāmīti vā attho. <span class="bld">Pariyādānattha</span>nti pariggahatthaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld"> Tividhena sīlenā</span>ti cūḷasīlaṃ majjhimasīlaṃ mahāsīlanti evaṃ tividhena sīlena. <span class="bld">Manacchaṭṭhesu indriyesu,</span> na kāyapañcamesu. Yathālābhayathābalayathāsāruppappakāravasena <span class="bld">tividhena santosena.</span></p>
<p class="subhead">Cūḷamajjhimamahāsīlavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para194-211"></a><a name="para194-211_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">194-211</span>. ‘‘Sīlasmi’’nti idaṃ niddhāraṇe bhummanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ekaṃ sīlaṃ hotīti attho’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ayameva attho</span>ti paccattavacanattho eva. <span class="bld">Brahmajāle</span>ti brahmajālavaṇṇanāyaṃ (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 1.7).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para212"></a><a name="para212_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">212</span>. Attānuvādaparānuvādadaṇḍabhayādīni <a name="M1.0242"></a> <span class="bld">asaṃvaramūlakāni. Sīlassāsaṃvarato</span>ti sīlassa asaṃvaraṇato, sīlasaṃvarābhāvatoti attho. <span class="bld">Bhaveyyā</span>ti uppajjeyya. <span class="bld">Yathāvidhānavihitenā</span>ti yathāvidhānasampāditena. Avippaṭisārādinimittaṃ <a name="P1.0314"></a> uppannacetasikasukhasamuṭṭhānehi paṇītarūpehi phuṭṭhasarīrassa uḷāraṃ kāyikaṃ sukhaṃ bhavatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘avippaṭisāra…pe… paṭisaṃvedetī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Indriyasaṃvarakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para213"></a><a name="para213_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">213</span>. Viseso kammatthāpekkhatāya sāmaññassa na tehi paricattoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘cakkhu-saddo katthaci buddhacakkhumhi vattatī’’</span>ti. Vijjamānameva hi abhidheyye visesatthaṃ visesantaranivattanavasena visesasaddo vibhāveti, na avijjamānaṃ. Sesapadesupi eseva nayo. Aññehi asādhāraṇaṃ buddhānaṃyeva cakkhudassananti <span class="bld">buddhacakkhu,</span> āsayānusayañāṇaṃ, indriyaparopariyattañāṇañca. Samantato sabbaso dassanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">samantacakkhu,</span> sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Ariyamaggattayapaññā</span>ti heṭṭhime ariyamaggattaye paññā. <span class="bld">Idhā</span>ti ‘‘cakkhunā rūpa’’nti imasmiṃ pāṭhe. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ</span> cakkhu-saddo <span class="bld">pasāda…pe… vattati</span> nissayavohāre nissitassa vattabbato yathā. ‘‘Mañcā ukkuṭṭhiṃ karontī’’ti. <span class="bld">Asammissa</span>nti kilesadukkhena avomissaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘parisuddha’’</span>nti<a name="V1.0215"></a>. Sati hi suvisuddhe indriyasaṃvare, padhānabhūtapāpadhammavigamena adhicittānuyogo hatthagato evaṃ hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘adhicittasukhaṃ paṭisaṃvedetī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Satisampajaññakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para214"></a><a name="para214_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">214</span>. Samantato, pakaṭṭhaṃ vā savisesaṃ jānātīti sampajāno, sampajānassa bhāvo sampajaññaṃ, tathāpavattañāṇaṃ. Tassa vibhajanaṃ sampajaññabhājanīyaṃ, tasmiṃ <span class="bld">sampajaññabhājanīyamhi.</span> Abhikkamanaṃ <span class="bld">abhikkanta</span>nti āha <span class="bld">‘‘abhikkantaṃ vuccati gamana’’</span>nti. Tathā paṭikkamanaṃ <a name="P1.0315"></a> <span class="bld">paṭikkanta</span>nti āha <span class="bld">‘‘paṭikkantaṃ nivattana’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Nivattana</span>nti ca nivattimattaṃ. Nivattitvā pana gamanaṃ gamanameva. <span class="bld">Abhiharanto</span>ti gamanavasena kāyaṃ upanento. Ṭhānanisajjāsayanesu yo gamanavidhuro kāyassa purato abhihāro, so <span class="bld">abhikkamo,</span> pacchato apaharaṇaṃ <span class="bld">paṭikkamo</span>ti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘ṭhānepī’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Āsanassā</span>ti <a name="M1.0243"></a> pīṭhakādiāsanassa. <span class="bld">Purimaaṅgābhimukho</span>ti aṭanikādipurimāvayavābhimukho. <span class="bld">Saṃsaranto</span>ti saṃsappanto. <span class="bld">Paccāsaṃsaranto</span>ti paṭiāsappanto. <span class="bld">‘‘Eseva nayo’’</span>ti iminā nipannasseva abhimukhasaṃsappanapaṭiāsappanāni nidasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sammā pajānanaṃ sampajānaṃ, tena attanā kātabbakiccassa karaṇasīlo <span class="bld">sampajānakārī</span>ti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sampajaññena sabbakiccakārī’’</span>ti. Sampajānasaddassa sampajaññapariyāyatā pubbe vuttā eva. <span class="bld">Sampajaññaṃ karotevā</span>ti abhikkantādīsu asammohaṃ uppādeti eva. Sampajaññassa vā kāro etassa atthīti <span class="bld">sampajānakārī.</span> Dhammato vaḍḍhisaṅkhātena saha atthena vattatīti sātthakaṃ, abhikkantādi. Sātthakassa sampajānanaṃ <span class="bld">sātthakasampajaññaṃ.</span> Sappāyassa attano hitassa sampajānanaṃ <span class="bld">sappāyasampajaññaṃ.</span> Abhikkamādīsu bhikkhācāragocare, aññatthāpi ca pavattesu avijahite kammaṭṭhānasaṅkhāte gocare sampajaññaṃ <span class="bld">gocarasampajaññaṃ.</span> Abhikkamādīsu asammuyhanameva sampajaññaṃ <span class="bld">asammohasampajaññaṃ. Pariggahetvā</span>ti tūletvā tīretvā paṭisaṅkhāyāti, attho. Saṅghadassaneneva uposathapavāraṇādiatthaṃ gamanaṃ saṅgahitaṃ. <span class="bld">Asubhadassanādī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena kasiṇaparikammādīnaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo<a name="P1.0316"></a>. Saṅkhepato vuttamatthaṃ vivarituṃ <span class="bld">‘‘cetiyaṃ vā bodhiṃ vā disvāpi hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Arahattaṃ pāpuṇātī</span>ti ukkaṭṭhaniddeso eso. Samathavipassanuppādanampi hi bhikkhuno vaḍḍhiyeva. <span class="bld">Kecī</span>ti abhayagirivāsino.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tasmiṃ panā</span>ti sātthakasampajaññavasena pariggahitaatthe. ‘‘Atthoti dhammato vaḍḍhī’’ti yaṃ sātthakanti <a name="V1.0216"></a> adhippetaṃ, taṃ sappāyaṃ evāti siyā kassaci āsaṅkāti tannivattanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘cetiyadassanaṃ tāvā’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. <span class="bld">Cittakammarūpakāni viyā</span>ti cittakammakatā paṭimāyo viya, yantapayogena vā vicittakammā paṭimāyo viya. <span class="bld">Asamapekkhanaṃ</span> gehassita aññāṇupekkhāvasena ārammaṇassa ayoniso gahaṇaṃ. Yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. ‘‘Cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā uppajjati upekkhā bālassa mūḷhassa puthujjanassā’’tiādi (ma. ni. 3.308). Hatthiādisammaddena <span class="bld">jīvitantarāyo.</span> Visabhāgarūpadassanādinā <span class="bld">brahmacariyantarāyo.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pabbajitadivasato</span> <a name="M1.0244"></a> <span class="bld">paṭṭhāya</span> bhikkhūnaṃ anuvattanakathā āciṇṇā, ananuvattanakathā pana tassā dutiyā nāma hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘dve kathā nāma na kathitapubbā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Eva</span>nti ‘‘sace panā’’tiādikaṃ sabbampi vuttākāraṃ paccāmasati, na ‘‘purisassa mātugāmāsubha’’ntiādikaṃ vuccamānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yogakammassa pavattiṭṭhānatāya bhāvanāya ārammaṇaṃ ‘‘kammaṭṭhāna’’nti vuccatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kammaṭṭhānasaṅkhātaṃ gocara’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Uggahetvā</span>ti yathā uggahanimittaṃ uppajjati, evaṃ uggahakosallassa sampādanavasena uggahetvā<a name="P1.0317"></a>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Haratī</span>ti kammaṭṭhānaṃ pavatteti, yāva piṇḍapātapaṭikkamā anuyuñjatīti attho. <span class="bld">Na paccāharatī</span>ti āhārūpayogato yāva divāṭhānupasaṅkamanā kammaṭṭhānaṃ na paṭineti. <span class="bld">Sarīraparikamma</span>nti mukhadhovanādisarīrapaṭijagganaṃ. <span class="bld">Dve tayo pallaṅke</span>ti dve tayo nisajjāvāre dve tīṇi uṇhāsanāni. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘usumaṃ gāhāpento’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Kammaṭṭhānasīsenevā</span>ti kammaṭṭhānamukheneva kammaṭṭhānaṃ avijahanto eva, tena ‘‘pattopi acetano’’tiādinā (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 1.214) vakkhamānaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ, yathāparihariyamānaṃ vā avijahitvāti dasseti. <span class="bld">Tathevā</span>ti tikkhattumeva. Paribhogacetiyato sārīrikacetiyaṃ garutaranti katvā <span class="bld">‘‘cetiyaṃ vanditvā’’</span>ti pubbakālakiriyāya vasena vuttaṃ. Tathā hi aṭṭhakathāyaṃ ‘‘cetiyaṃ bādhayamānā bodhisākhā haritabbā’’ti vuttā. Buddhaguṇānussaraṇavaseneva bodhiyaṃ paṇipātakaraṇanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘buddhassa bhagavato sammukhā viya nipaccakāraṃ dassetvā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Gāmasamīpe</span>ti gāmassa upacāraṭṭhāne. <span class="bld">Janasaṅgahattha</span>nti ‘‘mayi akathente etesaṃ ko kathessatī’’ti dhammānuggahena janasaṅgahatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā ‘‘dhammakathā nāma kathetabbā evā’’ti aṭṭhakathācariyā vadanti, yasmā ca dhammakathā kammaṭṭhānavinimuttā nāma natthi, tasmā. <span class="bld">Kammaṭṭhānasīsenevā</span>ti attanā parihariyamānaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ avijahanto <a name="V1.0217"></a> tadanuguṇaṃyeva dhammakathaṃ kathetvā. <span class="bld">Anumodanaṃ vatvā</span>ti etthāpi ‘‘kammaṭṭhānasīsenevā’’ti ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sampattaparicchedenevā</span>ti ‘‘paricito aparicito’’tiādi vibhāgaṃ akatvā sampattakoṭiyā eva, samāgamamattenevāti attho. <span class="bld">Bhaye</span>ti paracakkādibhaye.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Kammajatejo’’</span>ti <a name="M1.0245"></a><a name="P1.0318"></a> gahaṇiṃ sandhāyāha. <span class="bld">Kammaṭṭhānaṃ vīthiṃ nārohati</span> khudāparissamena kilantakāyattā samādhānābhāvato. <span class="bld">Avasesaṭṭhāne</span>ti yāguyā aggahitaṭṭhāne. <span class="bld">Poṅkhānupoṅkha</span>nti kammaṭṭhānupaṭṭhānassa avicchedadassanametaṃ, yathā poṅkhānupoṅkhaṃ pavattāya sarapaṭipātiyā anavicchedo, evametassapīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nikkhittadhuro</span> bhāvanānuyoge. Vattapaṭipattiyā apūraṇena <span class="bld">sabbavattāni bhinditvā.</span> ‘‘Kāmesu avītarāgo hoti, kāye avītarāgo, rūpe avītarāgo, yāvadatthaṃ udarāvadehakaṃ bhuñjitvā seyyasukhaṃ passasukhaṃ middhasukhaṃ anuyutto viharati, aññataraṃ devanikāyaṃ paṇidhāya brahmacariyaṃ caratī’’ti (dī. ni. 3.320; ma. ni. 1.186) evaṃ vutta<span class="bld">pañcavidhacetokhilavinibandhacitto. Caritvā</span>ti pavattitvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gatapaccāgatikavattavasenā</span>ti bhāvanāsahitaṃyeva bhikkhāya gatapaccāgataṃ gamanapaccāgamanaṃ etassa atthīti gatapaccāgatikaṃ, tadeva vattaṃ, tassa vasena. <span class="bld">Attakāmā</span>ti attano hitasukhaṃ icchantā, dhammacchandavantoti attho. Dhammo hi hitaṃ tannimittakañca sukhanti. Atha vā viññūnaṃ nibbisesattā, attabhāvapariyāpannattā ca attā nāma dhammo, taṃ kāmenti icchantīti <span class="bld">attakāmā.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Usabhaṃ</span> nāma vīsati yaṭṭhiyo. <span class="bld">Tāya saññāyā</span>ti tāya pāsāṇasaññāya, ettakaṃ ṭhānaṃ āgatāti jānantāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Soyeva nayo</span>ti ‘‘ayaṃ bhikkhū’’tiādiko yo ṭhāne vutto, so eva nisajjāyapi nayo. Pacchato āgacchantānaṃ chinnabhattabhāvabhayenapi yonisomanasikāraṃ paribrūheti. <span class="bld">Maddantā</span>ti <a name="P1.0319"></a> dhaññakaraṇaṭṭhāne sālisīsāni maddantā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mahāpadhānaṃ pūjessāmī</span>ti amhākaṃ atthāya lokanāthena chavassāni kataṃ dukkaracariyamevāhaṃ yathāsatti pūjessāmīti. Paṭipattipūjā hi satthupūjā, na āmisapūjāti. <span class="bld">‘‘Ṭhānacaṅkamamevā’’</span>ti <a name="V1.0218"></a> adhiṭṭhātabbairiyāpathavasena vuttaṃ, na bhojanādikālesu avassaṃ kattabbanisajjāya paṭikkhepavasena.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vīthiṃ otaritvā ito cito ca anoloketvā paṭhamameva vīthiyo sallakkhetabbāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vīthiyo sallakkhetvā’’</span>ti. Yaṃ sandhāya vuccati <a name="M1.0246"></a> ‘‘pāsādikena abhikkantenā’’ti, taṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘tattha cā’’tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Āhāre paṭikkūlasaññaṃ upaṭṭhapetvā’’</span>tiādīsu yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ parato āgamissati. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgata</span>nti ‘‘yāvadeva imassa kāyassa ṭhitiyā’’tiādinā (ma. ni. 1.23; a. ni. 6.58; mahāni. 206) vuttehi aṭṭhahi aṅgehi samannāgataṃ katvā. <span class="bld">‘‘Neva davāyā’’</span>tiādi paṭikkhepadassanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paccekabodhiṃ sacchikaroti,</span> yadi upanissayasampanno hotīti sambandho. Evaṃ sabbattha ito paresupi. Tattha paccekabodhiyā upanissayasampadā kappānaṃ dve asaṅkhyeyyāni, satasahassañca tajjāpuññañāṇasambharaṇaṃ. Sāvakabodhiyā aggasāvakānaṃ asaṅkhyeyyaṃ, kappasatasahassañca, mahāsāvakānaṃ (theragā. aṭṭha. 2.1288) satasahassameva tajjāpuññañāṇasambharaṇaṃ. Itaresaṃ atītāsu jātīsu vivaṭṭasannissayavasena nibbattitaṃ nibbedhabhāgiyaṃ kusalaṃ. <span class="bld">Bāhiyo dārucīriyo</span>ti bāhiyavisaye sañjātasaṃvaḍḍhatāya bāhiyo, dārucīrapariharaṇena dārucīriyoti ca samaññāto. So hi āyasmā ‘‘tasmātiha <a name="P1.0320"></a> te, bāhiya, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ ‘diṭṭhe diṭṭhamattaṃ bhavissati, sute, mute, viññāte viññātamattaṃ bhavissatī’ti, evañhi te bāhiya sikkhitabbaṃ. Yato kho te bāhiya diṭṭhe diṭṭhamattaṃ bhavissati, sute, mute, viññāte viññātamattaṃ bhavissati, tato tvaṃ, bāhiya, na tena. Yato tvaṃ, bāhiya, na tena, tato tvaṃ, bāhiya, na tattha. Yato tvaṃ, bāhiya, na tattha, tato tvaṃ, bāhiya, nevidha na huraṃ na ubhayamantarena. Esevanto dukkhassā’’ti (udā. 10) ettakāya desanāya arahattaṃ sacchākāsi. Evaṃ sāriputtattherādīnaṃ mahāpaññatādidīpanāni suttapadāni vitthārato veditabbāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ta</span>nti asammuyhanaṃ <span class="bld">eva</span>nti idāni vuccamānamākāreneva veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Attā abhikkamatī’’</span>ti iminā andhaputhujjanassa diṭṭhigāhavasena abhikkame sammuyhanaṃ dasseti, <span class="bld">‘‘ahaṃ abhikkamāmī’’</span>ti pana iminā mānagāhavasena. Tadubhayaṃ pana taṇhāya vinā na hotīti taṇhagāhavasenapi sammuyhanaṃ dassitameva hoti. ‘‘Tathā asammuyhanto’’ti vatvā taṃ asammuyhanaṃ yena ghanavinibbhogena hoti, taṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘abhikkamāmī’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <a name="M1.0247"></a> yasmā <a name="V1.0219"></a> vāyodhātuyā anugatā tejodhātu uddharaṇassa paccayo. Uddharaṇagatikā hi tejodhātūti. Uddharaṇe vāyodhātuyā tassā anugatabhāvo, tasmā imāsaṃ dvinnamettha sāmatthiyato adhimattatā, itarāsañca omattatāti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘ekekapāduddharaṇe…pe… balavatiyo</span>ti āha. Yasmā pana tejodhātuyā anugatā vāyodhātu atiharaṇavītiharaṇānaṃ paccayo. Tiriyagatikāya hi vāyodhātuyā atiharaṇavītiharaṇesu sātisayo byāpāroti. Tejodhātuyā tassā anugatabhāvo, tasmā imāsaṃ dvinnamettha sāmatthiyato adhimattatā, itarāsañca omattatāti dassento <a name="P1.0321"></a> <span class="bld">‘‘tathā atiharaṇavītiharaṇesū’’</span>ti āha. Satipi anugamakaanugantabbatāvisese tejodhātuvāyodhātubhāvamattaṃ sandhāya <span class="bld">tathā</span>-saddaggahaṇaṃ,. Tattha akkantaṭṭhānato pādassa ukkhipanaṃ <span class="bld">uddharaṇaṃ.</span> Ṭhitaṭṭhānaṃ atikkamitvā purato haraṇaṃ <span class="bld">atiharaṇaṃ,</span> khāṇuādipariharaṇatthaṃ, patiṭṭhitapādaghaṭṭanapariharaṇatthaṃ vā passena haraṇaṃ <span class="bld">vītiharaṇaṃ.</span> Yāva patiṭṭhitapādo, tāva āharaṇaṃ <span class="bld">atiharaṇaṃ,</span> tato paraṃ haraṇaṃ <span class="bld">vītiharaṇa</span>nti ayaṃ vā etesaṃ viseso.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā pathavīdhātuyā anugatā āpodhātu vossajjanassa paccayo. Garutarasabhāvā hi āpodhātūti. Vossajjane pathavīdhātuyā tassā anugatabhāvo, tasmā tāsaṃ dvinnamettha sāmatthiyato adhimattatā, itarāsañca omattatāti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘vossajjane…pe… balavatiyo’’</span>ti. Yasmā pana āpodhātuyā anugatā pathavīdhātu sannikkhepanassa paccayo, patiṭṭhābhāve viya patiṭṭhāpanepi tassā sātisayakiccattā āpodhātuyā tassā anugatabhāvo, tathā ghaṭṭanakiriyāya pathavīdhātuyā vasena sannirujjhanassa sijjhanato tatthāpi pathavīdhātuyā āpodhātuanugatabhāvo, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tathā sannikkhepanasannirujjhanesū’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti tasmiṃ abhikkamane, tesu vā vuttesu uddaraṇādīsu koṭṭhāsesu. <span class="bld">Uddharaṇe</span>ti uddharaṇakkhaṇe. <span class="bld">Rūpārūpadhammā</span>ti uddharaṇākārena pavattā rūpadhammā, taṃsamuṭṭhāpakā arūpadhammā ca. <span class="bld">Atiharaṇaṃ</span> <a name="M1.0248"></a> <span class="bld">na pāpuṇanti</span> khaṇamattāvaṭṭhānato. <span class="bld">Tattha tatthevā</span>ti yattha yattha uppannā, tattha tattheva. Na hi dhammānaṃ desantarasaṅkamanaṃ atthi. <span class="bld">‘‘Pabbaṃ pabba’’</span>tiādi uddharaṇādikoṭṭhāse sandhāya sabhāgasantativasena vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Atiittaro hi rūpadhammānampi <a name="P1.0322"></a> pavattikkhaṇo, gamanassādīnaṃ, devaputtānaṃ heṭṭhupariyena paṭimukhaṃ dhāvantānaṃ sirasi pāde ca bandhakhuradhārā samāgamatopi sīghataro. Yathā tilānaṃ bhajjiyamānānaṃ paṭapaṭāyanena bhedo lakkhīyati, evaṃ saṅkhatadhammānaṃ uppādenāti dassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘paṭapaṭāyantā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Uppannā hi ekantato bhijjantīti. <span class="bld">‘‘Saddhiṃ rūpenā’’</span>ti idaṃ tassa tassa cittassa nirodhena saddhiṃ nirujjhanakarūpadhammānaṃ vasena vuttaṃ, yaṃ tato sattarasamacittassa uppādakkhaṇe uppannaṃ. Aññathā yadi <a name="V1.0220"></a> rūpārūpadhammā samānakkhaṇā siyuṃ, ‘‘rūpaṃ garupariṇāmaṃ dandhanirodha’’ntiādivacanehi virodho siyā, tathā ‘‘nāhaṃ bhikkhave aññaṃ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi, yaṃ evaṃ lahuparivattaṃ, yathayidaṃ citta’’nti (a. ni. 1.48) evaṃ ādipāḷiyā. Cittacetasikā hi sārammaṇasabhāvā yathābalaṃ attano ārammaṇapaccayabhūtamatthaṃ vibhāvento eva uppajjantīti tesaṃ taṃsabhāvanipphattianantaraṃ nirodho. Rūpadhammā pana anārammaṇā pakāsetabbā, evaṃ tesaṃ pakāsetabbabhāvanipphatti soḷasahi cittehi hotīti taṅkhaṇāyukatā tesaṃ icchitā, lahuviññāṇavisayasaṅgatimattappaccayatāya tiṇṇaṃ khandhānaṃ, visayasaṅgatimattatāya ca viññāṇassa lahuparivattitā, dandhamahābhūtappaccayatāya rūpadhammānaṃ dandhaparivattitā. Nānādhātuyā yathābhūtañāṇaṃ kho pana tathāgatasseva, tena ca purejātapaccayo rūpadhammova vutto, pacchājātapaccayo ca tathevāti rūpārūpadhammānaṃ samānakkhaṇatā na yujjateva. Tasmā vuttanayenevettha attho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aññaṃ</span> <a name="P1.0323"></a> <span class="bld">uppajjate cittaṃ, aññaṃ cittaṃ nirujjhatī</span>ti yaṃ purimuppannaṃ cittaṃ, taṃ aññaṃ, taṃ pana nirujjhantaṃ aparassa anantarādipaccayabhāveneva nirujjhatīti tathāladdhapaccayaṃ aññaṃ uppajjate cittaṃ. Yadi evaṃ tesaṃ antaro labbheyyāti? Noti āha <span class="bld">‘‘avīci manuppabandho’’</span>ti, yathā vīci antaro na labbhati, ‘‘tadeveta’’nti avisesavidū maññanti, evaṃ anu anu pabandho cittasantāno rūpasantāno ca <span class="bld">nadīsotova</span> nadiyaṃ udakappavāho viya <span class="bld">vattati.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext">Abhimukhaṃ <a name="M1.0249"></a> lokitaṃ ālokitanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘purato pekkhana’’</span>nti. Yasmā yaṃdisābhimukho gacchati, tiṭṭhati, nisīdati vā tadabhimukhaṃ pekkhanaṃ ālokitaṃ, tasmā tadanugatavidisālokanaṃ vilokitanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vilokitaṃ nāma anudisāpekkhana’’</span>nti. Sammajjanaparibhaṇḍādikaraṇe olokitassa, ullokaharaṇādīsu ullokitassa, pacchato āgacchantaparissayassa parivajjanādīsu apalokitassa siyā sambhavoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘iminā vā mukhena sabbānipi tāni gahitānevā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāyasakkhi</span>nti kāyena sacchikatavantaṃ, paccakkhakārinanti attho. So hi āyasmā vipassanākāle ‘‘yamevāhaṃ indriyesu aguttadvārataṃ nissāya sāsane anabhiratiādivippakāraṃ patto, tameva suṭṭhu niggahessāmī’’ti ussāhajāto balavahirottappo, tattha ca katādhikārattā indriyasaṃvare ukkaṃsapāramippatto, teneva naṃ satthā ‘‘etadaggaṃ bhikkhave mama sāvakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ indriyesu guttadvārānaṃ, yadidaṃ nando’’ti (a. ni. 1.235) etadagge ṭhapesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sātthakatā <a name="V1.0221"></a> ca sappāyatā ca veditabbā ālokitavilokitassāti ānetvā sambandho. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti kammaṭṭhānāvijahanasseva gocarasampajaññabhāvatoti vuttamevatthaṃ hetubhāvena paccāmasati. <span class="bld">Attano</span> <a name="P1.0324"></a> <span class="bld">kammaṭṭhānavaseneva ālokanavilokanaṃ kātabbaṃ,</span> khandhādikammaṭṭhānā añño upāyo na gavesitabboti adhippāyo. Ālokitādisamaññāpi yasmā dhammamattasseva pavattiviseso, tasmā tassa yāthāvato pajānanaṃ asammohasampajaññanti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘abbhantare’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Cittakiriyavāyodhātuvipphāravasenā</span>ti kiriyamayacittasamuṭṭhānāya vāyodhātuyā calanākārappavattivasena. <span class="bld">Adho sīdatī</span>ti adho gacchati. <span class="bld">Uddhaṃ laṅghetī</span>ti laṅghaṃ viya upari gacchati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aṅgakiccaṃ sādhayamāna</span>nti padhānabhūtaaṅgakiccaṃ nipphādentaṃ hutvāti attho. <span class="bld">‘‘Paṭhamajavanepi…pe… na hotī’’</span>ti idaṃ pañcadvāravīthiyaṃ ‘‘itthī puriso’’ti rajjanādīnaṃ abhāvaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Tattha hi āvajjana voṭṭhabbapanānaṃ ayoniso āvajjanavoṭṭhabbanavasena iṭṭhe itthirūpādimhi lobhamattaṃ, aniṭṭhe <a name="M1.0250"></a> ca paṭighamattaṃ uppajjati, manodvāre pana ‘‘itthī puriso’’ti rajjanādi hoti. Tassa pañcadvārajavanaṃ mūlaṃ, yathāvuttaṃ vā sabbaṃ bhavaṅgādi. Evaṃ manodvārajavanassa mūlavasena mūlapariññā vuttā. Āgantukatāvakālikatā pana pañcadvārajavanasseva apubbabhāvavasena, ittarabhāvavasena ca vuttā. <span class="bld">‘‘Heṭṭhupariyavasena bhijjitvā patitesū’’</span>ti heṭṭhimassa uparimassa ca aparāparaṃ bhaṅgappattimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ta</span>nti javanaṃ, tassa ayuttanti sambandho. <span class="bld">Āgantuko</span> abbhāgato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Udayabbayaparicchinno tāvatako kālo etesanti <span class="bld">tāvakālikāni.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Etaṃ</span> asammohasampajaññaṃ. <span class="bld">Samavāye</span>ti sāmaggiyaṃ<a name="P1.0325"></a>. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti pañcakkhandhavasena ālokanavilokane paññāyamāne tabbinimutto <span class="bld">ko eko āloketi, ko viloketi.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Upanissayapaccayo’’</span>ti idaṃ suttantanayena pariyāyato vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sahajātapaccayo</span>ti nidassanamattametaṃ aññamaññasampayuttaatthiavigatādipaccayānampi labbhanato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāle</span> samañchituṃ yuttakāle <span class="bld">samañchantassa.</span> Tathā <span class="bld">pasārentassā</span>ti etthāpi. <span class="bld">Maṇisappo</span> nāma ekā sappajātīti vadanti. <span class="bld">Laḷana</span>nti kampanaṃ, līḷākaraṇaṃ vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uṇhapakatiko</span> <a name="V1.0222"></a> pariḷāhabahulakāyo. Sīlavidūsanena ahitāvahattā <span class="bld">micchājīvavasena uppannaṃ asappāyaṃ. ‘‘Cīvarampi acetana’’</span>ntiādinā cīvarassa viya kāyopi acetanoti kāyassa attasuññatāvibhāvanena ‘‘abbhantare’’tiādinā vuttamevatthaṃ paridīpento itarītarasantosassa kāraṇaṃ dasseti, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tasmā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Catupañcagaṇṭhikāhato</span>ti āhatacatupañcagaṇṭhiko, catupañcagaṇṭhikāhi vā āhato tathā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aṭṭhavidhopi</span> <a name="M1.0251"></a> <span class="bld">attho</span>ti aṭṭhavidhopi payojanaviseso mahāsivattheravādavasena ‘‘imassa kāyassa ṭhitiyā’’tiādinā (ma. ni. 1.23, 422; ma. ni. 2.387; a. ni. 2.341; 8.9; dha. sa. 1355; vibha. 518; mahāni. 206) nayena vutto daṭṭhabbo. Imasmiṃ pakkhe <span class="bld">‘‘neva davāyātiādinā</span> (ma. ni. 1.23, 422; ma. ni. 2.387; a. ni. 8.9; dha. sa. 1355; vibha. 518; mahāni. 206) <span class="bld">nayenā’’</span>ti pana paṭikkhepaṅgadassanamukhena desanāya āgatattā vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pathavisandhārakajalassa taṃsandhārakavāyunā viya paribhuttassa āhārassa vāyodhātuyāva āsaye avaṭṭhānanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vāyodhātuvaseneva tiṭṭhatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Atiharatī</span>ti yāva mukhā abhiharati. <span class="bld">Vītiharatī</span>ti tato kucchiyaṃ vīmissaṃ karonto <a name="P1.0326"></a> harati. <span class="bld">Atiharatī</span>ti vā mukhadvāraṃ atikkāmento harati. <span class="bld">Vītiharatī</span>ti kucchigataṃ passato harati, <span class="bld">parivattetī</span>ti aparāparaṃ cāreti. Ettha ca āhārassa dhāraṇaparivattanasañcuṇṇanavisosanāni pathavīdhātusahitā eva vāyodhātu karoti, na kevalāti tāni pathavīdhātuyāpi kiccabhāvena vuttāni. <span class="bld">Allattañca anupāletī</span>ti yathā vāyodhātu ādīhi aññehi visosanaṃ na hoti, tathā allattañca anupāleti. <span class="bld">Tejodhātū</span>ti gahaṇīsaṅkhātā tejodhātu. Sā hi antopaviṭṭhaṃ āhāraṃ paripāceti. <span class="bld">Añjaso hotī</span>ti āhārassa pavesanādīnaṃ maggo hoti. <span class="bld">Ābhujatī</span>ti pariyesanavasena, ajjhoharaṇajiṇṇājiṇṇatādipaṭisaṃvedanavasena ca āvajjeti, vijānātīti attho. Taṃtaṃvijānanassa paccayabhūtoyeva hi payogo ‘‘sammāpayogo’’ti vutto. Yena hi payogena pariyesanādi nipphajjati, so tabbisayavijānanampi nipphādeti nāma tadavinābhāvato. Atha vā <span class="bld">sammāpayogaṃ</span> sammāpaṭipatti <span class="bld">manvāya</span> āgamma <span class="bld">ābhujati</span> samannāharati. Ābhogapubbako hi sabbopi viññāṇabyāpāroti tathā vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gamanato</span>ti bhikkhācāravasena gocaragāmaṃ uddissa gamanato. <span class="bld">Pariyesanato</span>ti gocaragāme bhikkhatthaṃ <a name="V1.0223"></a> āhiṇḍanato. <span class="bld">Paribhogato</span>ti āhārassa paribhuñjanato. <span class="bld">Āsayato</span>ti pittādiāsayato. Āsayati ettha ekajjhaṃ pavattamānopi kammaphalavavatthito hutvā mariyādavasena aññamaññaṃ asaṅkarato sayati tiṭṭhati pavattatīti <span class="bld">āsayo</span><a name="M1.0252"></a>, āmāsayassa upari tiṭṭhanako pittādiko. Mariyādattho hi ayamākāro. <span class="bld">Nidhāna</span>nti yathābhutto āhāro <a name="P1.0327"></a> nicito hutvā tiṭṭhati etthāti nidhānaṃ, āmāsayo. Tato <span class="bld">nidhānato. Aparipakkato</span>ti gahaṇīsaṅkhātena kammajatejena avipakkato. <span class="bld">Paripakkato</span>ti yathābhuttassa āhārasa vipakkabhāvato. <span class="bld">Phalato</span>ti nipphattito. <span class="bld">Nissandato</span>ti ito cito ca nissandanato. <span class="bld">Sammakkhanato</span>ti sabbaso makkhanato. Ayamettha saṅkhepo, vitthāro pana visuddhimaggasaṃvaṇṇanāya (visuddhi. ṭī. 1.294) gahetabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sarīrato sedā muccantī</span>ti vegasaṃdhāraṇena uppannapariḷāhato sarīrato sedā muccanti. <span class="bld">Aññe ca rogā</span> kaṇṇasūlabhagandarādayo. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhāne</span>ti manussāmanussapariggahite ayuttaṭṭhāne khettadevāyatanādike. Kuddhā hi amanussā, manussāpi vā jīvitakkhayaṃ pāpenti. Nissaṭṭhattā <span class="bld">neva attano,</span> kassaci anissajjitattā, jigucchanīyattā ca <span class="bld">na parassa. Udakatumbato</span>ti veḷunāḷiādiudakabhājanato. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti chaḍḍitaudakaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Addhānairiyāpathā</span> ciratarappavattikā dīghakālikā iriyāpathā. <span class="bld">Majjhimā</span> bhikkhācaraṇādivasena pavattā. <span class="bld">Cuṇṇiyairiyāpathā</span> vihāre, aññatthāpi ito cito ca parivattanādivasena pavattāti vadanti. ‘‘Gateti gamane’’ti pubbe abhikkamapaṭikkamaggahaṇena gamanenapi purato pacchato ca kāyassa abhiharaṇaṃ vuttanti idha gamanameva gahitanti keci.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā mahāsivattheravāde anantare anantare iriyāpathe pavattarūpārūpadhammānaṃ tattha tattheva nirodhadassanavasena sampajānakāritā gahitāti taṃ sampajaññavipassanācāravasena veditabbaṃ. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tayidaṃ mahāsivattherena vuttaṃ asammohadhuraṃ mahāsatipaṭṭhānasutte adhippeta’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Imasmiṃ pana sāmaññaphale sabbampi <a name="P1.0328"></a> catubbidhaṃ sampajaññaṃ labbhati</span> yāvadeva sāmaññaphalavisesadassanaparattā imissā desanāya. <span class="bld">‘‘Satisampayuttassevā’’</span>ti idaṃ yathā sampajaññassa kiccato padhānatā gahitā, evaṃ satiyā pīti dassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ, na satiyā sabbhāvamattadassanatthaṃ. Na hi kadāci satirahitā ñāṇappavatti atthi. <span class="bld">‘‘Etassa hi padassa ayaṃ vitthāro’’</span>ti iminā satiyā ñāṇena samadhurataṃyeva vibhāveti. <span class="bld">Etāni</span> <a name="M1.0253"></a> <span class="bld">padānī</span>ti ‘‘abhikkante paṭikkante sampajānakārī hotī’’tiādīni <a name="V1.0224"></a> padāni. <span class="bld">Vibhattānevā</span>ti visuṃ katvā vibhattāniyeva, imināpi sampajaññassa viya satiyāpettha padhānatameva vibhāveti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Majjhimabhāṇakā pana bhaṇanti – eko bhikkhu gacchanto aññaṃ cintento aññaṃ vitakkento gacchati, eko kammaṭṭhānaṃ avissajjetvāva gacchati. Tathā eko tiṭṭhanto…pe… nisīdanto…pe… sayanto aññaṃ cintento aññaṃ vitakkento sayati, eko kammaṭṭhānaṃ avissajjetvāva sayati, ettakena pana na pākaṭaṃ hotīti caṅkamanena dīpenti. Yo hi bhikkhu caṅkamaṃ otaritvā ca caṅkamanakoṭiyaṃ ṭhito pariggaṇhāti ‘‘pācīnacaṅkamanakoṭiyaṃ pavattā rūpārūpadhammā pacchimacaṅkamanakoṭiṃ appatvā ettheva niruddhā, pacchimacaṅkamanakoṭiyaṃ pavattāpi pācīnacaṅkamanakoṭiṃ appatvā ettheva niruddhā, caṅkamanamajjhe pavattā ubho koṭiyo appatvā ettheva niruddhā, caṅkamane pavattā rūpārūpadhammā ṭhānaṃ appatvā ettheva niruddhā, ṭhāne pavattā nisajjaṃ appatvā ettheva niruddhā, nisajjāya pavattā sayanaṃ appatvā ettheva niruddhā’’ti evaṃ pariggaṇhanto pariggaṇhantoyeva bhavaṅgaṃ otarati. Uṭṭhahanto kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvāva uṭṭhahati, ayaṃ bhikkhu gatādīsu sampajānakārī nāma hotīti<a name="P1.0329"></a>. Evampi na sotte kammaṭṭhānaṃ avibhūtaṃ hoti, tasmā bhikkhu yāva sakkoti, tāva caṅkamitvā ṭhatvā nisīditvā sayamāno evaṃ pariggahetvā sayati ‘‘kāyo acetano, mañco acetano, kāyo na jānāti ‘ahaṃ mañce sayito’ti, mañco na jānāti ‘mayi kāyo sayito’ti, acetano kāyo acetane mañce sayito’’ti evaṃ pariggaṇhanto eva cittaṃ bhavaṅge otāreti. Pabujjhanto kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvāva pabujjhati, ayaṃ sotte sampajānakārī nāma hoti. Kāyādīkiriyānibbattanena tammayattā, āvajjanakiriyā samuṭṭhitattā ca javanaṃ sabbampi vā chadvārappavattaṃ kiriyamayapavattaṃ nāma. Tasmiṃ sati jāgaritaṃ nāma hotīti pariggaṇhanto jāgarite sampajānakārī nāma. Api ca rattindivaṃ cha koṭṭhāse katvā pañca koṭṭhāse jaggantopi jāgarite sampajānakārī nāma hoti. Vimuttāyatanasīsena dhammaṃ desentopi battiṃsatiracchānakathaṃ pahāya dasakathāvatthunissitasappāyakathaṃ kathentopi bhāsite sampajānakārī nāma. Aṭṭhatiṃsāya ārammaṇesu cittaruciyaṃ manasikāraṃ pavattentopi dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ samāpannopi <a name="M1.0254"></a> tuṇhībhāve sampajānakārī nāma. Dutiyañhi jhānaṃ vacīsaṅkhāravirahato visesato tuṇhībhāvo nāmāti. <span class="bld">Eva</span>nti vuttappakārena, sattasupi ṭhānesu catudhāti attho.</p>
<p class="subhead">Santosakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para215"></a><a name="para215_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">215</span>. Yassa <a name="V1.0225"></a> santosassa attani atthitāya bhikkhu ‘‘santuṭṭho’’ti vuccati, taṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘itarītarapaccayasantosena samannāgato’’</span>ti āha. Cīvarādi yattha katthaci paccaye <a name="P1.0330"></a> santussanena samaṅgībhūtoti attho. Atha vā <span class="bld">itaraṃ</span> vuccati hīnaṃ paṇītato aññattā, tathā paṇītaṃ <span class="bld">itaraṃ</span> hīnato aññattā. Apekkhāsiddhā hi itaratāti. Iti yena dhammena hīnena vā paṇītena vā cīvarādipaccayena santussati, so tathā pavatto alobho <span class="bld">itarītarapaccayasantoso,</span> tena <span class="bld">samannāgato.</span> Yathālābhaṃ attano lābhānurūpaṃ santoso <span class="bld">yathālābhasantoso.</span> Sesadvayepi eseva nayo. Labbhatīti vā lābho, yo yo lābho yathālābhaṃ, tena santoso <span class="bld">yathālābhasantoso.</span> <span class="bld">Bala</span>nti kāyabalaṃ. <span class="bld">Sāruppa</span>nti pakatidubbalādīnaṃ anucchavikatā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathāladdhato aññassa apatthanā nāma siyā appicchatāyapi pavattiākāroti tato vinivattitameva santosassa sarūpaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘labhantopi na gaṇhātī’’</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Taṃ parivattetvā</span>ti pakatidubbalādīnaṃ garucīvaraṃ na phāsubhāvāvahaṃ, sarīrakhedāvahañca hotīti payojanavasena, na atricchatādivasena taṃ parivattetvā. Lahukacīvaraparibhogo na santosavirodhīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘lahukena yāpentopi santuṭṭhova hotī’’</span>ti. Mahagghaṃ cīvaraṃ bahūni vā cīvarāni labhitvāpi tāni vissajjetvā tadaññassa gahaṇaṃ yathāsāruppanaye ṭhitattā na santosavirodhīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tesaṃ…pe… dhārentopi santuṭṭhova hotī’’</span>ti. Evaṃ sesapaccayepi yathābalayathāsāruppaniddesesu api-saddaggahaṇe adhippāyo veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Muttaharītaka</span>nti gomuttaparibhāvitaṃ, pūtibhāvena vā chaḍḍitaṃ harītakaṃ. <span class="bld">Buddhādīhi vaṇṇita</span>nti ‘‘pūtimuttabhesajjaṃ nissāya pabbajjā’’tiādinā (mahāva. 73, 128) sammāsambuddhādīhi <a name="M1.0255"></a> pasatthaṃ. Appicchatāsantuṭṭhīsu <a name="P1.0331"></a> bhikkhū niyojento <span class="bld">paramasantuṭṭhova hoti</span> paramena ukkaṃsagatena santosena samannāgatattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāyaṃ pariharanti posentīti <span class="bld">kāyaparihārikā.</span> Tathā <span class="bld">kucchiparihārikā</span> veditabbā. Kucchiparihārikatā ca ajjhoharaṇena sarīrassa ṭhitiyā upakārakatāvasena icchitāti bahiddhāva kāyassa upakārakatāvasena kāyaparihārikatā daṭṭhabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Parikkhāramattā</span>ti parikkhāraggahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Tatraṭṭhakapaccattharaṇa</span>nti attanā anadhiṭṭhahitvā tattheva tiṭṭhanakapaccattharaṇaṃ<a name="V1.0226"></a>. Paccattharaṇādīnañcettha navamādibhāvo yathāvuttapaṭipāṭiyā daṭṭhabbo, na tesaṃ tathā patiniyatabhāvato. Kasmā? Tathā nadhāraṇato. Dupposabhāvena mahāgajā viyāti <span class="bld">mahāgajā. </span> Yadi itarepi appicchatādisabhāvā, kiṃ tesampi vasena ayaṃ desanā icchitāti? Noti āha <span class="bld">‘‘bhagavā panā’’</span>tiādi. Kāyaparihāro payojanaṃ etenāti kāyaparihārikaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kāyaṃ pariharaṇamattakenā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Catūsu disāsu sukhavihāratāya sukhavihāraṭṭhānabhūtā catasso disā etassāti catuddiso catuddiso eva <span class="bld">cātuddiso.</span> Tāsu eva katthaci satte vā saṅkhāre vā bhayena na paṭihanati, sayaṃ vā tena na paṭihaññatīti <span class="bld">appaṭigho. Santussamāno itarītarenā</span>ti uccāvacena paccayena sakena, santena, samameva ca tussanako. Paricca sayanti, kāyacittāni parisayanti abhibhavantīti <span class="bld">parissayā,</span> sīhabyagghādayo, kāmacchandādayo ca, te parissaye adhivāsanakhantiyā vinayādīhi ca <span class="bld">sahitā</span> khantā, abhibhavitā ca. Thaddhabhāvakarabhayābhāvena <span class="bld">achambhī. Eko care</span>ti ekākī hutvā carituṃ sakkuṇeyya. <span class="bld">Khaggavisāṇakappo</span>ti tāya eva ekavihāritāya khaggamigasiṅgasamo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Asañjātavātābhighātehi <a name="P1.0332"></a> siyā sakuṇo apakkhakoti <span class="bld">‘‘pakkhī sakuṇo’’</span>ti visesetvā vutto.</p>
<p class="subhead">Nīvaraṇappahānakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para216"></a><a name="para216_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">216</span>. <span class="bld">Vattabbataṃ āpajjatī</span>ti ‘‘asukassa bhikkhuno araññe tiracchānagatānaṃ viya, vanacarakānaṃ viya ca nivāsamattameva, na pana araññavāsānucchavikā <a name="M1.0256"></a> kāci sammāpaṭipattī’’ti apavādavasena vattabbataṃ, āraññakehi vā tiracchānagatehi, vanacaravisabhāgajanehi vā saddhiṃ vippaṭipattivasena vattabbataṃ āpajjati. Kāḷakasadisattā <span class="bld">kāḷakaṃ,</span> thullavajjaṃ. Tilakasadisattā <span class="bld">tilakaṃ,</span> aṇumattavajjaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vivitta</span>nti janavivittaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘suñña’’</span>nti. Taṃ pana janasaddaghosābhāveneva veditabbaṃ saddakaṇṭakattā jhānassāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘appasaddaṃ appanigghosanti attho’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Etadevā</span>ti nissaddataṃyeva. <span class="bld">Vihāro</span> pākāraparicchinno sakalo āvāso. <span class="bld">Aḍḍhayogo</span>ti dīghapāsādo, ‘‘garuḷasaṇṭhānapāsādo’’tipi vadanti. <span class="bld">Pāsādo</span>ti caturassapāsādo. <span class="bld">Hammiyaṃ</span> muṇḍacchadanapāsādo<a name="V1.0227"></a>. <span class="bld">Aṭṭo</span> paṭirājūnaṃ paṭibāhanayoggo catupañcabhūmako patissayaviseso. <span class="bld">Māḷo</span> ekakūṭasaṅgahito anekakoṇavanto patissayaviseso. Aparo nayo <span class="bld">vihāro</span> nāma dīghamukhapāsādo. <span class="bld">Aḍḍhayogo</span> ekapassacchadanakasenāsanaṃ. Tassa kira ekapasse bhitti uccatarā hoti, itarapasse nīcā, tena taṃ ekapassachadanakaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Pāsādo</span> nāma āyatacaturassapāsādo. <span class="bld">Hammiyaṃ</span> muṇḍacchadanakaṃ candikaṅgaṇayuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Guhā</span> nāma kevalā pabbataguhā. <span class="bld">Leṇaṃ</span> dvārabaddhaṃ pabbhāraṃ. Sesaṃ vuttanayameva. <span class="bld">Maṇḍapo</span>ti sākhāmaṇḍapo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vihārasenāsana</span>nti patissayabhūtaṃ senāsanaṃ. <span class="bld">Mañcapīṭhasenāsana</span>nti mañcapīṭhañceva mañcapīṭhasambandhasenāsanañca. Cimilikādi santharitabbato <span class="bld">santhatasenāsanaṃ.</span> Abhisaṅkharaṇābhāvato <a name="P1.0333"></a> sayanassa nisajjāya ca kevalaṃ okāsabhūtaṃ senāsanaṃ. ‘‘Vivittaṃ senāsana’’nti iminā <span class="bld">senāsanaggahaṇena saṅgahitameva</span> sāmaññajotanābhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadi evaṃ kasmā ‘‘arañña’’ntiādi vuttanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ima panā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">‘‘Bhikkhunīnaṃ vasena āgata’’</span>nti idaṃ vinaye tathā āgatataṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ, abhidhammepi pana ‘‘araññanti nikkhamitvā bahi indakhīlā, sabbametaṃ arañña’’nti (vibha. 529) āgatameva. Tattha hi yaṃ na gāmapadesantogadhaṃ, taṃ ‘‘arañña’’nti nippariyāyavasena tathā vuttaṃ. Dhutaṅganiddese (visuddhi. 1.31) yaṃ vuttaṃ, taṃ yuttaṃ,tasmā tattha vuttanayena gahetabbanti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Rukkhamūla</span>nti rukkhasamīpaṃ. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘yāvatā <a name="M1.0257"></a> majjhanhike kāle samantā chāyā pharati, nivāte paṇṇāni nipatanti, ettāvatā rukkhamūla’’nti. <span class="bld">Sela</span>-saddo avisesato pabbatapariyāyoti katvā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pabbatanti sela’’</span>nti, na silāmayameva, paṃsumayādiko tividhopi pabbato evāti. <span class="bld">Vivara</span>nti dvinnaṃ pabbatānaṃ mitho āsannatare ṭhitānaṃ ovarakādisadisaṃ vivaraṃ, ekasmiṃyeva vā pabbate. <span class="bld">Umaṅgasadisa</span>nti suduṅgāsadisaṃ. <span class="bld">Manussānaṃ anupacāraṭṭhāna</span>nti pakatisañcāravasena manussehi na sañcaritabbaṭṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena ‘‘vanapatthanti <a name="P1.0334"></a> vanasaṇṭhānametaṃ senāsanānaṃ adhivacanaṃ, vanapatthanti bhīsanakānametaṃ, vanapatthanti salomahaṃsānametaṃ, vanapatthanti pariyantānametaṃ, vanapatthanti na manussūpacārānametaṃ, vanapatthanti durabhisambhavānametaṃ senāsanānaṃ adhivacana’’nti (vibha. 531) imaṃ pāḷisesaṃ saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Acchanna</span>nti kenaci chadanena antamaso rukkhasākhāyapi na chāditaṃ. <span class="bld">Nikkaḍḍhitvā</span>ti nīharitvā. <span class="bld">Pabbhāraleṇasadise</span>ti pabbhārasadise leṇasadise ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Piṇḍapātapariyesanaṃ piṇḍapāto uttarapadalopenāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘piṇḍapātapariyesanato paṭikkanto’’</span>ti<a name="V1.0228"></a>. <span class="bld">Pallaṅka</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">pari</span>saddo ‘‘samantato’’ti etassa atthe, tasmā vāmoruñca dakkhiṇoruñca samaṃ ṭhapetvā ubho pāde aññamaññaṃ sambandhitvā nisajjā pallaṅkanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘samantato ūrubaddhāsana’’</span>nti. Ūrūnaṃ bandhanavasena nisajjā <span class="bld">pallaṅkaṃ. Ābhujitvā</span>ti ca yathā pallaṅkavasena nisajjā hoti, evaṃ ubho pāde ābhugge bhañjite katvā, taṃ pana ubhinnaṃ pādānaṃ tathā sambandhatākaraṇanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘bandhitvā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Heṭṭhimakāyassa ca anujukaṃ ṭhapanaṃ nisajjāvacaneneva bodhitanti ‘‘ujuṃ kāya’’nti ettha kāya-saddo uparimakāyavisayoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘uparimaṃ sarīraṃ ujuṃ ṭhapetvā’’</span>ti. Taṃ pana ujukaṭhapanaṃ sarūpato, payojanato ca dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘aṭṭhārasā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Na paṇamantī</span>ti na onamanti. <span class="bld">Na paripatatī</span>ti na vigacchati vīthiṃ na laṅgheti. Tato eva pubbenāparaṃ visesappattiyā kammaṭṭhānaṃ <span class="bld">vuḍḍhiṃ phātiṃ vepullaṃ upagacchati</span>. <span class="bld">Parimukha</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">pari</span>saddo abhi-saddena samānatthoti <a name="P1.0335"></a> āha <span class="bld">‘‘kammaṭṭhānābhimukha’’</span>nti, bahiddhā puthuttārammaṇato nivāretvā kammaṭṭhānaṃyeva purakkhatvāti attho. Samīpattho vā <span class="bld">pari</span>saddoti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘mukhasamīpe vā katvā’’</span>ti āha. Ettha ca yathā ‘‘vivittaṃ senāsanaṃ bhajatī’’tiādinā <a name="M1.0258"></a> bhāvanānurūpaṃ senāsanaṃ dassitaṃ, evaṃ ‘‘nisīdatī’’ti iminā alīnānuddhaccapakkhiyo santo iriyāpatho dassito. ‘‘Pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā’’ti iminā nisajjāya daḷhabhāvo, ‘‘parimukhaṃ satiṃ upaṭṭhapetvā’’ti iminā ārammaṇapariggahūpāyo. <span class="bld">Parīti pariggahaṭṭho</span> ‘‘pariṇāyikā’’tiādīsu viya. <span class="bld">Mukhanti niyyānaṭṭho</span> ‘‘suññatavimokkhamukha’’ntiādīsu viya. Paṭipakkhato niggamanaṭṭho hi niyyānaṭṭho, tasmā pariggahitaniyyānanti sabbathā gahitāsammosaṃ paricattasammosaṃ <span class="bld">satiṃ katvā,</span> paramaṃ satinepakkaṃ upaṭṭhapetvāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para217"></a><a name="para217_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">217</span>. Abhijjhāyati gijjhati abhikaṅkhati etāyāti <span class="bld">abhijjhā,</span> lobho. <span class="bld">Lujjanaṭṭhenā</span>ti bhijjanaṭṭhena, khaṇe khaṇe bhijjanaṭṭhenāti attho. <span class="bld">Vikkhambhanavasenā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">vikkhambhanaṃ</span> anuppādanaṃ appavattanaṃ, na paṭipakkhānaṃ suppahīnatā. <span class="bld">‘‘Pahīnattā’’</span>ti ca pahīnasadisataṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ jhānassa anadhigatattā. Tathāpi nayidaṃ cakkhuviññāṇaṃ viya sabhāvato vigatābhijjhaṃ, atha kho bhāvanāvasena, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘na cakkhuviññāṇasadisenā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Eseva nayo</span>ti yathā imassa cittassa bhāvanāya paribhāvitattā vigatābhijjhatā, evaṃ abyāpannaṃ vigatathinamiddhaṃ anuddhataṃ nibbicikicchañcāti attho. <span class="bld">Purimapakati</span>nti parisuddhapaṇḍarasabhāvaṃ. ‘‘Yā <a name="P1.0336"></a> cittassa akalyatāti’’ādinā (dha. sa. 1162; vibha. 546) thinassa, ‘‘yā kāyassa akalyatā’’tiādinā (dha. sa. 1163; vibha. 546) ca middhassa abhidhamme niddiṭṭhattā <a name="V1.0229"></a> vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘thinaṃ cittagelaññaṃ, middhaṃ cetasikagelañña’’</span>nti. Satipi aññamaññaṃ avippayoge cittakāyalahutādīnaṃ viya cittacetasikānaṃ yathākammaṃ taṃ taṃ visesassa yā tesaṃ akalyatādīnaṃ visesappaccayatā, ayametesaṃ sabhāvoti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Ālokasaññī</span>ti ettha atisayatthavisiṭṭhaatthi atthāvabodhako ayamīkāroti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘rattimpi…pe… samannāgato’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Idaṃ ubhaya</span>nti satisampajaññamāha. <span class="bld">Atikkamitvā</span> vikkhambhanavasena pajahitvā. ‘‘Kathamida’’nti pavattiyā kathaṅkathā, vicikicchā. Sā etassa atthīti kathaṅkathī, na kathaṅkathīti <span class="bld">akathaṃkathī,</span> nibbicikiccho. <span class="bld">Lakkhaṇādibhedato</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena paccayapahānapahāyakādīnampi saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. Tepi hi bhedato vattabbāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para218"></a><a name="para218_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">218</span>. <span class="bld">Tesa</span>nti <a name="M1.0259"></a> iṇavasena gahitadhanānaṃ. <span class="bld">Pariyanto</span>ti dātabbaseso. <span class="bld">So balavapāmojjaṃ labhati</span> ‘‘iṇapalibodhato muttomhī’’ti. <span class="bld">Somanassaṃ adhigacchati</span> ‘‘jīvikānimittaṃ atthī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para219"></a><a name="para219_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">219</span>. <span class="bld">Visabhāgavedanuppattiyā</span>ti dukkhavedanuppattiyā. Dukkhavedanā hi sukhavedanāya kusalavipākasantānassa virodhitāya visabhāgā. <span class="bld">Catuiriyāpathaṃ chindanto</span>ti <a name="P1.0337"></a> catubbidhampi iriyāpathappavattiṃ pacchindanto. Byādhiko hi yathā ṭhānagamanesu asamattho, evaṃ nisajjādīsupi asamattho hoti. <span class="bld">Ābādhetī</span>ti pīḷeti. Vātādīnaṃ vikāro visamāvatthā byādhīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘taṃsamuṭṭhānena dukkhena dukkhito’’</span>ti. Dukkhavedanāya pana byādhibhāve mūlabyādhinā <span class="bld">ābādhiko</span> ādito bādhatīti katvā. Anubandhabyādhinā <span class="bld">dukkhito</span> aparāparaṃ sañjātadukkhoti katvā. <span class="bld">Gilāno</span>ti dhātusaṅkhayena parikkhīṇasarīro. Appamattakaṃ vā balaṃ <span class="bld">balamattā. Tadubhaya</span>nti pāmojjaṃ, somanassañca. Tattha <span class="bld">labhetha pāmojjaṃ</span> ‘‘rogato muttomhī’’ti. <span class="bld">Adhigaccheyya somanassaṃ</span> ‘‘atthi me kāye bala’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para220"></a><a name="para220_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">220</span>. <span class="bld">Sesa</span>nti ‘‘tassa hi ‘bandhanā muttomhī’ti āvajjayato tadubhayaṃ hoti. Tena vutta’’nti evamādi. <span class="bld">Vuttanayenevā</span>ti paṭhamadutiyapadesu vuttanayeneva. <span class="bld">Sabbapadesū</span>ti avasiṭṭhapadesu tatiyādīsu koṭṭhāsesu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para221-222"></a><a name="para221-222_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">221-222</span>. <span class="bld">Na attani adhīno</span>ti na attāyatto. <span class="bld">Parādhīno</span>ti parāyatto. Aparādhīnatāya bhujo viya attano kicce esitabboti <span class="bld">bhujisso.</span> Savasoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘attano santako’’</span>ti. Anudakatāya kaṃ pānīyaṃ tārenti etthāti <span class="bld">kantāro</span>ti āha <span class="bld">‘‘nirudakaṃ dīghamagga’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para223"></a><a name="para223_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">223</span>. <span class="bld">Tatrā</span>ti <a name="V1.0230"></a> tasmiṃ dassane. <span class="bld">Aya</span>nti idāni vuccamānā <span class="bld">sadisatā.</span> Yena iṇādīnaṃ upamābhāvo, kāmacchandādīnañca upameyyabhāvo hoti, so nesaṃ upamopameyyasambandho <a name="P1.0338"></a> sadisatāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Yo yamhi kāmacchandena rajjatī</span>ti yo puggalo yamhi kāmarāgassa vatthubhūte puggale kāmacchandavasena ratto hoti. <span class="bld">Taṃ vatthuṃ gaṇhātī</span>ti taṃ taṇhāvatthuṃ ‘‘mameta’’nti gaṇhāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upaddavethā</span>ti <a name="M1.0260"></a> upaddavaṃ karotha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nakkhattassā</span>ti mahassa. <span class="bld">Mutto</span>ti bandhanato mutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vinaye apakataññunā</span>ti vinayakkame akusalena. So hi kappiyākappiyaṃ yāthāvato na jānāti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kismiñcidevā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gacchatipī</span>ti thokaṃ thokaṃ gacchatipi. Gacchanto pana tāya eva ussaṅkitaparisaṅkitatāya tattha tattha <span class="bld">tiṭṭhatipi.</span> Īdise kantāre gato ‘‘ko jānāti kiṃ bhavissatī’’ti <span class="bld">nivattatipi,</span> tasmā <span class="bld">gataṭṭhānato agataṭṭhānameva bahutaraṃ hoti. Saddhāya gaṇhituṃ</span> saddheyyaṃ vatthuṃ ‘‘idameva’’nti saddahituṃ <span class="bld">na sakkoti. Atthi natthī</span>ti ‘‘atthi nu kho, natthi nu kho’’ti. Araññaṃ paviṭṭhassa ādimhi eva sappanaṃ <span class="bld">āsappanaṃ.</span> Pari parito, uparūpari vā sappanaṃ <span class="bld">parisappanaṃ.</span> Ubhayenapi tattheva paribbhamanaṃ vadati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘apariyogāhana’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Chambhitatta</span>nti araññasaññāya uppannaṃ chambhitabhāvaṃ, utrāsanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para224"></a><a name="para224_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">224</span>. <span class="bld">Tatrāyaṃ sadisatā</span>ti etthāpi vuttanayānusārena sadisatā veditabbā. Yadaggena hi kāmacchandādayo iṇādisadisā, tadaggena tesaṃ pahānaṃ āṇaṇyādisadisaṃ abhāvoti katvā. <span class="bld">Cha dhamme</span>ti asubhanimittassa uggaho, asubhabhāvanānuyogo, indriyesu guttadvāratā, bhojane mattaññutā, kalyāṇamittatā, sappāyakathāti ime cha dhamme. <span class="bld">Bhāvetvā</span>ti brūhetvā. <span class="bld">Mahāsatipaṭṭhāne</span> (dī. ni. 2.372-374) <span class="bld">vaṇṇayissāma</span> tatthassa anuppannānuppādanauppannapahānādivibhāvanavasena savisesaṃ pāḷiyā āgatattā. Esa nayo <a name="P1.0339"></a> byāpādādippahānakabhāvepi. <span class="bld">Paravatthumhī</span>ti ārammaṇabhūte parasmiṃ vatthusmiṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anatthakaro</span>ti attano parassa ca anatthāvaho. <span class="bld">Cha dhamme</span>ti mettānimittassa uggaho, mettābhāvanānuyogo<a name="V1.0231"></a>, kammassakatā, paṭisaṅkhānabahulatā, kalyāṇamittatā, sappāyakathāti ime cha dhamme. <span class="bld">Tatthevā</span>ti mahāsatipaṭṭhāneyeva (dī. ni. 2.372-374). Cārittasīlaṃ uddissa paññattasikkhāpadaṃ <span class="bld">ācārapaṇṇatti.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext">Bandhanāgāraṃ <a name="M1.0261"></a> pavesitattā aladdhanakkhattānubhavo puriso <span class="bld">‘‘nakkhattadivase bandhanāgāraṃ pavesito puriso’’</span>ti vutto, nakkhattadivase eva vā tadananubhavanatthaṃ tathā kato. <span class="bld">Mahāanatthakara</span>nti diṭṭhadhammikādiatthahāpanamukhena mahato anatthassa kārakaṃ. <span class="bld">Cha dhamme</span>ti atibhojane nanimittaggāho, iriyāpathasamparivattanatā, ālokasaññāmanasikāro, abbhokāsavāso, kalyāṇamittatā, sappāyakathāti ime cha dhamme.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Uddhaccakukkucce <span class="bld">mahāanatthakara</span>nti parāyattatāpādanato vuttanayena mahato anatthassa kārakanti. Attho <span class="bld">cha dhamme</span>ti bahussutatā, paripucchakatā, vinaye pakataññutā, vuḍḍhasevitā, kalyāṇamittatā, sappāyakathāti ime cha dhamme.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Balavā</span>ti paccatthikavidhamanasamatthena balena balavā. <span class="bld">Sajjāvudho</span>ti sannaddhadhanuādiāvudho. Sūravīrasevakajanavasena <span class="bld">saparivāro. Ta</span>nti yathāvuttaṃ purisaṃ. Balavantatāya, sajjāvudhatāya, saparivāratāya ca <span class="bld">corā dūratova disvā palāyeyyuṃ. Anatthakārikā</span>ti sammāpaṭipattiyā vibandhakaraṇato vuttanayena anatthakārikā. <span class="bld">Cha dhamme</span>ti bahussutatā, paripucchakatā, vinaye pakataññutā, adhimokkhabahulatā, kalyāṇamittatā, sappāyakathāti <a name="P1.0340"></a> ime cha dhamme. Yathā bāhusaccādīni uddhaccakukkuccassa pahānāya saṃvattanti, evaṃ vicikicchāya pīti idhāpi bahussutatādayo gahitā. Kalyāṇamittatā sappāyakathā viya pañcannaṃ, tasmā tassa tassa anucchavikasevanatā veditabbā. Sammāpaṭipattiyā appaṭipattinimittatāmukhena vicikicchā micchāpaṭipattimeva paribrūhetīti tassā pahānaṃ duccaritavidhūnanūpāyoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘duccaritakantāraṃ nittharitvā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para225"></a><a name="para225_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">225</span>. <span class="bld">Pāmojjaṃ</span> nāma taruṇapīti, sā kathañcipi tuṭṭhāvatthāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pāmojjaṃ jāyatīti tuṭṭhākāro jāyatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tuṭṭhassā</span>ti okkantikabhāvappattāya pītiyā vasena tuṭṭhassa. Attano savipphārikatāya, attasamuṭṭhānapaṇītarūpuppattiyā ca <span class="bld">sakalasarīraṃ khobhayamānā</span> pharaṇalakkhaṇā <span class="bld">pīti jāyati.</span> Pītisahitaṃ pīti uttarapadalopena, kiṃ pana taṃ<a name="M1.0262"></a>? Mano. Pīti mano etassāti pītimano, tassa <span class="bld">pītimanassa.</span> Tayidaṃ atthamattameva dassento <span class="bld">‘‘pītisampayuttacittassā’’</span>ti <a name="V1.0232"></a> āha. <span class="bld">Kāyo</span>ti idha arūpakalāpo adhippeto, na vedanādikkhandhattayamevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘nāmakāyo passambhatī’’</span>ti, passaddhidvayassa pītivasenettha passambhanaṃ adhippetaṃ. <span class="bld">Vigatadaratho</span>ti pahīnauddhaccādikilesadaratho. Vuttappakārāya pubbabhāgabhāvanāya vasena cetasikasukhaṃ paṭisaṃvedentoyeva taṃsamuṭṭhānapaṇītarūpaphuṭṭhasarīratāya kāyikampi sukhaṃ vedetīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kāyikampi cetasikampi sukhaṃ vedayatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Iminā</span>ti ‘‘sukhaṃ paṭisaṃvedetī’’ti evaṃ vuttena. Saṃkilesapakkhato nikkhantattā, paṭhamajjhānapakkhikattā ca <span class="bld">nekkhammasukhena. Sukhitassā</span>ti sukhino.</p>
<p class="subhead">Paṭhamajjhānakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para226"></a><a name="para226_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">226</span>. ‘‘Cittaṃ <a name="P1.0341"></a> samādhiyatī’’ti etena upacāravasenapi appanāvasenapi cittassa samādhānaṃ kathitaṃ. Evaṃ sante ‘‘so vivicceva kāmehī’’tiādikā desanā kimatthiyāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘so vivicceva kāmehi…pe… vutta’’</span>nti. Tattha <span class="bld">uparivisesadassanattha</span>nti paṭhamajjhānādiuparivattabbavisesadassanatthaṃ. Na hi upacārasamādhisamadhigamena vinā paṭhamajjhānādiviseso samadhigantuṃ sakkā. Pāmojjuppādādīhi kāraṇaparamparā dutiyajjhānādisamadhigamepi icchitabbāva paṭipadāñāṇadassanavisuddhi viya dutiyamaggādisamadhigameti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Tassa samādhino</span>ti ‘‘sukhino cittaṃ samādhiyatī’’ti evaṃ sādhāraṇavasena vutto yo appanālakkhaṇo, tassa samādhino. <span class="bld">Pabhedadassanattha</span>nti dutiyajjhānādivibhāgassa ceva abhiññādivibhāgassa ca pabhedadassanatthaṃ. Karo vuccati pupphasambhavaṃ gabbhāsaye karīyatīti katvā, karato jāto kāyo karajakāyo, tadupasanissayo catusantatirūpasamudāyo. Kāmaṃ nāmakāyopi vivekajena pītisukhena tathāladdhupakāro, ‘‘abhisandetī’’tiādivacanato pana rūpakāyo idhādhippetoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘imaṃ karajakāya’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Abhisandetī</span>ti abhisandanaṃ karoti. Taṃ pana jhānamayena pītisukhena karajakāyassa tintabhāvāpādanaṃ, sabbatthakameva lūkhabhāvāpanayananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘temetī’’</span>tiādi, tayidaṃ abhisandanaṃ atthato yathāvuttapītisukhasamuṭṭhānehi paṇītarūpehi kāyassa parippharaṇaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Parisandetī’’</span>tiādīsupi eseva nayo. Sabbaṃ etassa atthīti sabbavā, tassa <span class="bld">sabbāvato.</span> Avayavāvayavisambandhe avayavini sāmivacananti <a name="M1.0263"></a> avayavīvisayo <span class="bld">sabba</span>-saddo, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sabbakoṭṭhāsavato’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Aphuṭaṃ</span> <a name="P1.0342"></a> <span class="bld">nāma na hoti</span> yattha yattha kammajarūpaṃ, tattha tattha cittajarūpassa abhibyāpanato. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘upādinnakasantatī’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para227"></a><a name="para227_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">227</span>. <span class="bld">Cheko</span>ti <a name="V1.0233"></a> kusalo. Taṃ panassa kosallaṃ nhāniyacuṇṇānaṃ sannane piṇḍīkaraṇe ca samatthatāvasena veditabbanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘paṭibalo’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Kaṃsa</span>-saddo ‘‘mahatiyā kaṃsapātiyā’’tiādīsu suvaṇṇe āgato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Kaṃso upahato yathā’’tiādīsu (dha. pa. 134) kittimalohe, katthaci paṇṇattimatte ‘‘upakaṃso nāma rājāpi mahākaṃsassa atrajo’’tiādi, [jā. aṭṭha. 4.10 ghaṭapaṇḍitajātakavaṇṇanāyaṃ (atthato samānaṃ)] idha pana yattha katthaci loheti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yena kenaci lohena katabhājane’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Snehānugatā</span>ti <span class="bld">udakasinehena</span> anupavisanavasena gatā upagatā. <span class="bld">Snehaparetā</span>ti udakasinehena parito gatā samantato phuṭṭhā, tato eva <span class="bld">santarabāhirā</span> phuṭṭhā sinehena, etena sabbaso udakena temitabhāvamāha. <span class="bld">‘‘Na ca paggharaṇī’’</span>ti etena tintassapi tassa ghanathaddhabhāvaṃ vadati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘na ca binduṃ bindu’’</span>ntiādi.</p>
<p class="subhead">Dutiyajjhānakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para229"></a><a name="para229_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">229</span>. Tāhi tāhi udakasirāhi ubbhijjatīti ubbhidaṃ, ubbhidaṃ udakaṃ etassāti <span class="bld">ubbhidodako. Ubbhinnaudako</span>ti nadītīre khatakūpako viya ubbhijjanakaudako. <span class="bld">Uggacchanakaudako</span>ti dhārāvasena uṭṭhahanaudako. Kasmā panettha ubbhidodakova rahado gahito, na itaroti āha <span class="bld">‘‘heṭṭhā uggacchanaudakañhī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Dhārānipātapubbuḷakehī</span>ti <a name="P1.0343"></a> dhārānipātehi udakapubbuḷakehi ca, ‘‘pheṇapaṭalehi cā’’ti vattabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Sannisinnamevā</span>ti aparikkhobhatāya niccalameva, suppasannamevāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Sesa</span>nti ‘‘abhisandetī’’tiādikaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Tatiyajjhānakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para231"></a><a name="para231_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">231</span>. <span class="bld">Uppalānī</span>ti uppalagacchāni. <span class="bld">Setarattanīlesū</span>ti uppalesu, setuppalarattuppalanīluppalesūti attho. <span class="bld">Yaṃ kiñci uppalaṃ uppalameva</span> sāmaññagahaṇato<a name="M1.0264"></a>. <span class="bld">Satapatta</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">sata</span>-saddo bahupariyāyo ‘‘satagghī’’tiādīsu viya, tena anekasatapattassapi saṅgaho siddho hoti. Loke pana ‘‘rattaṃ padumaṃ, setaṃ puṇḍarīka’’ntipi vuccati. Yāva aggā, yāva ca mūlā udakena abhisandanādisambhavadassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">udakānuggataggahaṇaṃ.</span> Idha uppalādīni viya karajakāyo, udakaṃ viya tatiyajjhānasukhaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Catutthajjhānakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para233"></a><a name="para233_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">233</span>. Yasmā <a name="V1.0234"></a> ‘‘parisuddhena cetasā’’ti catutthajjhānacittamāha, tañca rāgādiupakkilesāpagamanato nirupakkilesaṃ nimmalaṃ, tasmā āha <span class="bld">‘‘nirupakkilesaṭṭhena parisuddha’’</span>nti. Yasmā pana pārisuddhiyā eva paccayavisesena pavattiviseso pariyodātatā suvaṇṇassa nighaṃsanena pabhassaratā viya, tasmā āha <span class="bld">‘‘pabhassaraṭṭhena pariyodātanti veditabba’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Ida</span>nti odātavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Utupharaṇattha</span>nti uṇhautuno pharaṇadassanatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Utupharaṇaṃ na hoti</span> savisesanti adhippāyo, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘taṅkhaṇa…pe… balavaṃ hotī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Vatthaṃ viya karajakāyo</span>ti yogino karajakāyo vatthaṃ viya daṭṭhabbo utupharaṇasadisena catutthajjhānasukhena pharitabbattā. Purisassa sarīraṃ viya catutthajjhānaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ utupharaṇaṭṭhāniyassa sukhassa nissayabhāvato, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tasmā’’</span>tiādi. Ettha ca ‘‘parisuddhena cetasā’’ti ceto gahaṇena jhānasukhaṃ vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘utupharaṇaṃ viya catutthajjhānasukha’’</span>nti. Nanu ca catutthajjhāne sukhameva natthīti? Saccaṃ natthi sātalakkhaṇasantasabhāvattā panettha <a name="P1.0344"></a> upekkhā ‘‘sukha’’nti adhippetā. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">sammohavinodaniyaṃ</span> ‘‘upekkhā pana santattā, sukhamicceva bhāsitā’’ti. (Vibha. aṭṭha. 232; visuddhi. 2.644; paṭi. ma. 105, mahāni. aṭṭha. 27)</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na arūpajjhānalābhīti na veditabbo</span> avinābhāvato, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘na hī’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">cuddasahākārehī</span>ti kasiṇānulomato, kasiṇapaṭilomato, kasiṇānulomapaṭilomato, jhānānulomato, jhānapaṭilomato, jhānānulomapaṭilomato, jhānukkantikato, kasiṇukkantikato, jhānakasiṇukkantikato, aṅgasaṅkantito, ārammaṇasaṅkantito, aṅgārammaṇasaṅkantito, aṅgavavatthānato<a name="M1.0265"></a>, ārammaṇavavatthānatoti imehi cuddasahākārehi. Satipi jhānesu āvajjanādivasībhāve ayaṃ vasībhāvo abhiññānibbattane ekantena icchitabboti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘na hi…pe… hotī’’</span>ti. Svāyaṃ nayo arūpasamāpattīhi vinā na ijjhatīti tāyapettha avinābhāvo veditabbo. Yadi evaṃ kasmā pāḷiyaṃ na āruppajjhānāni āgatānīti? Visesato ca rūpāvacaracatutthajjhānapādakattā sabbābhiññānaṃ tadantogadhā katvā tāya desitā, na arūpāvacarajjhānānaṃ idha anupayogato, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘arūpajjhānāni āharitvā kathetabbānī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Vipassanāñāṇakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para234"></a><a name="para234_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">234</span>. <span class="bld">Sesa</span>nti <a name="V1.0235"></a> ‘‘evaṃ samāhite citte’’tiādīsu vattabbaṃ. Ñeyyaṃ jānātīti ñāṇaṃ, taṃ pana ñeyyaṃ paccakkhaṃ katvā passatīti dassanaṃ, ñāṇameva dassananti ñāṇadassanaṃ. Tayidaṃ ñāṇadassanapadaṃ sāsane aññattha ñāṇavisese nirūḷhaṃ, taṃ sabbaṃ atthuddhāravasena dassento <span class="bld">‘‘ñāṇadassananti maggañāṇampi vuccatī’’</span>tiādimāha. Yasmā vipassanāñāṇaṃ tebhūmakasaṅkhāre aniccādito jānāti, bhaṅgānupassanato paṭṭhāya paccakkhato ca te passati tasmā āha <span class="bld">‘‘idha pana…pe… ñāṇadassananti vutta’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Abhinīharatī</span>ti <a name="P1.0345"></a> vuttanayena aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgate tasmiṃ citte vipassanākkamena jāte vipassanābhimukhaṃ peseti, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vipassanā…pe… karotī’’</span>ti. Tadabhimukhabhāvo eva hissa tanninnatādikaratā. <span class="bld">Vuttoyeva</span> brahmajāle. Odanakummāsehi upacīyatīti <span class="bld">odanakummāsūpacayo. Aniccadhammo</span>ti pabhaṅgutāya addhuvasabhāvo. <span class="bld">Duggandhavighātatthāyā</span>ti sarīre duggandhassa vigamāya. <span class="bld">Ucchādanadhammo</span>ti ucchādetabbatāsabhāvo. Ucchādanena hi sarīre sedagūthapittasemhādidhātukkhobhagarubhāvaduggandhānaṃ apagamo hoti. Mahāsambāhanaṃ mallādīnaṃ bāhuvaḍḍhanādiatthaṃ hotīti <span class="bld">‘‘khuddakasambāhanenā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Parimaddanadhammo</span>ti parimadditabbatāsabhāvo. <span class="bld">Bhijjati ceva vikirati cā</span>ti aniccatāvasena bhijjati ca bhinnañca kiñci payojanaṃ asādhentaṃ vippakiṇṇañca hoti. <span class="bld">Rūpī</span>ti attano paccayabhūtena utuāhāralakkhaṇena rūpavāti ayamettha attho icchitoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘chahi padehi samudayo kathito’’</span>ti. Saṃsagge hi ayamīkāro. <span class="bld">Saṇṭhānasampādanampi</span> tathārūparūpuppādaneneva hotīti ucchādanaparimaddanapadehipi <a name="M1.0266"></a> samudayo kathitoti vuttaṃ. Evaṃ navahi yathārahaṃ kāye samudayavayadhammānupassitā dassitā. <span class="bld">Nissitañca</span> chaṭṭhavatthunissitattā vipassanāñāṇassa. <span class="bld">Paṭibaddhañca</span> tena vinā appavattanato, kāyasaññitānaṃ rūpadhammānaṃ ārammaṇakaraṇato ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para235"></a><a name="para235_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">235</span>. Suṭṭhu bhāti obhāsatīti <span class="bld">subho,</span> pabhāsampattiyāpi maṇino bhaddatāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘subhoti sundaro’’</span>ti. Kuruvindajāti ādijātivisesopi maṇino ākaraparisuddhimūlako evāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘parisuddhākarasamuṭṭhito’’</span>ti dosanīharaṇavasena parikammanipphattīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘suṭṭhu kataparikammo apanītapāsāṇasakkharo’’</span>ti. Chaviyā saṇhabhāvenassa acchatā, na saṅghātassāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘acchoti tanucchavī’’</span>ti, tenāha <a name="P1.0346"></a> <span class="bld">‘‘vippasanno’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Dhovanavedhanādīhī</span>ti catūsu pāsāṇesu dhovanena ceva kāḷakādiapaharaṇatthāya suttena āvunanatthāya ca vijjhanena. Tāpasaṇhakaraṇādīnaṃ <a name="V1.0236"></a> saṅgaho <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena. <span class="bld">Vaṇṇasampatti</span>nti suttassa vaṇṇasampattiṃ. <span class="bld">Maṇi viya karajakāyo</span> paccavekkhitabbato. <span class="bld">Āvutasuttaṃ viya vipassanāñāṇaṃ</span> anupavisitvā ṭhitattā. <span class="bld">Cakkhumā puriso viya vipassanālābhī bhikkhu</span> sammadeva dassanato. <span class="bld">Tadārammaṇāna</span>nti rūpadhammārammaṇānaṃ. Phassapañcamakacittacetasikaggahaṇena gahitadhammāpi vipassanācittuppādapariyāpannā evāti veditabbaṃ. Evañhi tesaṃ vipassanāñāṇagatikattā ‘‘āvutasuttaṃ viya vipassanāñāṇa’’nti vacanaṃ avirodhitaṃ hoti. Kiṃ panete ñāṇassa āvi bhavanti, udāhu puggalassāti? Ñāṇassa. Tassa pana āvibhāvattā puggalassa āvibhūtā nāma honti. <span class="bld">Ñāṇassā</span>ti ca paccavekkhaṇāñāṇassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Maggañāṇassa anantaraṃ, tasmā lokiyābhiññānaṃ parato chaṭṭhābhiññāya purato vattabbaṃ vipassanāñāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Evaṃ santepī</span>ti yadipāyaṃ ñāṇānupubbī, evaṃ santepi. <span class="bld">Etassa antarāvāro natthī</span>ti pañcasu lokiyābhiññāsu kathitāsu ākaṅkheyyasuttādīsu (ma. ni. 1.65) viya chaṭṭhābhiññā kathetabbāti etassa anabhiññālakkhaṇassa vipassanāñāṇassa tāsaṃ antarāvāro na hoti. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span> tattha avasarābhāvato <span class="bld">idheva</span> rūpāvacaracatutthajjhānānantarameva <a name="M1.0267"></a> <span class="bld">dassitaṃ</span> vipassanāñāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Yasmā cā</span>ti <span class="bld">ca</span>-saddo samuccayattho, tena na kevalaṃ tadeva, atha kho idampi kāraṇaṃ vipassanāñāṇassa idheva dassaneti imamatthaṃ dīpeti. <span class="bld">Dibbena cakkhunā bheravampi rūpaṃ passato</span>ti ettha ‘‘iddhividhañāṇena bheravaṃ rūpaṃ nimminitvā cakkhunā passato’’tipi vattabbaṃ, evampi abhiññālābhino apariññātavatthukassa bhayaṃ santāso uppajjati. Uccāvālikavāsi mahānāgattherassa viya. <span class="bld">Pāṭiyekkaṃ sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ.</span> Tenāha bhagavā –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yato <a name="P1.0347"></a> yato sammasati, khandhānaṃ udayabbayaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Labhatī pītipāmojjaṃ, amataṃ taṃ vijānata’’ntiādi. (dha. pa. 374);</p>
<p class="subhead">Manomayiddhiñāṇakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para236-7"></a><a name="para236-7_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">236-7</span>. <span class="bld">Manena nibbattita</span>nti abhiññāmanena nibbattitaṃ. Hatthapādādi <span class="bld">aṅgehi ca</span> kapparajaṇṇuādi <span class="bld">paccaṅgehi ca. Saṇṭhānavasenā</span>ti kamaladalādisadisasaṇṭhānamattavasena, na rūpābhighātārahabhūtappasādiindriyavasena. <span class="bld">Sabbākārehī</span>ti vaṇṇasaṇṭhānaavayavavisesādisabbākārehi. <span class="bld">Tena</span> iddhimatā. <span class="bld">Sadisabhāvadassanatthamevā</span>ti saṇṭhānatopi vaṇṇatopi avayavavisesatopi sadisabhāvadassanatthameva. <span class="bld">Sajātiyaṃ ṭhito,</span> na nāgiddhiyā aññajātirūpo.</p>
<p class="subhead">Iddhividhañāṇādikakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para239"></a><a name="para239_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">239</span>. <span class="bld">Suparikammakatamattikādayo</span> <a name="V1.0237"></a> <span class="bld">viya iddhividhañāṇaṃ</span> vikubbanakiriyāya nissayabhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para241"></a><a name="para241_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">241</span>. <span class="bld">Sukha</span>nti akicchena, akasirenāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para243"></a><a name="para243_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">243</span>. Mando uttānaseyyakadārakopi ‘‘daharo’’ti vuccatīti tato visesanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yuvā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Yuvāpi koci anicchanako amaṇḍanajātiko hotīti tato visesanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘maṇḍanakajātiko’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yuvāpīti’’</span>ādi. Kāḷatilappamāṇā bindavo <span class="bld">kāḷatilakāni kāḷā</span> vā kammāsā, tilappamāṇā bindavo <span class="bld">tilakāni. Vaṅgaṃ</span> nāma viyaṅgaṃ. Yobbanapīḷakādayo <span class="bld">mukhadūsipīḷakā</span>. Mukhagato <a name="M1.0268"></a> doso <span class="bld">mukhadoso,</span> lakkhaṇavacanañcetaṃ mukhe adosassāpi pākaṭabhāvassa adhippetattā. Yathā vā mukhe doso, evaṃ mukhe adosopi mukhadoso saralopena. Mukhadoso ca mukhadoso ca <span class="bld">mukhadoso</span>ti ekasesanayenapettha attho daṭṭhabbo. Evañhi ‘‘paresaṃ soḷasavidhaṃ cittaṃ pākaṭaṃ hotī’’ti vacanaṃ samatthitaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para245"></a><a name="para245_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">245</span>. <span class="bld">Pubbenivāsañāṇūpamāya</span>nti <a name="P1.0348"></a> pubbenivāsañāṇassa dassitaupamāyaṃ. Taṃ divasaṃ katakiriyā nāma pākatikasattassapi yebhuyyena pākaṭā hotīti dassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">taṃdivasa</span>-ggahaṇaṃ kataṃ. <span class="bld">Taṃdivasagatagāmattaya</span>-ggahaṇeneva mahābhinīhārehi aññesampi pubbenivāsañāṇalābhīnaṃ tīsu bhavesu katakiriyā yebhuyyena pākaṭā hotīti dīpitanti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para247"></a><a name="para247_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">247</span>. <span class="bld">Aparāparaṃ sañcarante</span>ti taṃtaṃkiccavasena ito cito ca sañcarante. Yathāvutta<span class="bld">pāsādoviya bhikkhuno karajakāyo daṭṭhabbo</span> tattha patiṭṭhitassa daṭṭhabbadassanasiddhito. Cakkhumato hi dibbacakkhusamadhigamo. Yathāha ‘‘maṃsacakkhussa uppādo, maggo dibbassa cakkhuno’’ti (itivu. 61). <span class="bld">Cakkhumā puriso viya ayameva dibbacakkhuṃ patvā ṭhito bhikkhu</span> daṭṭhabbassa dassanato. <span class="bld">Gehaṃ pavisantā viya</span> etaṃ attabhāvagehaṃ okkamantā, upapajjantāti attho. <span class="bld">Gehā nikkhamantā viya</span> etasmā attabhāvagehato pakkantā, cavantāti attho. Evaṃ vā ettha attho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Aparāparaṃ sañcaraṇakasattā</span>ti pana punappunaṃ saṃsāre paribbhamantā sattā. <span class="bld">‘‘Tattha tattha nibbattasattā’’</span>ti pana iminā tasmiṃ bhave jātasaṃvaddhe satte vadati. Nanu cāyaṃ dibbacakkhuñāṇakathā, ettha kasmā ‘‘tīsu bhavesū’’ti catuvokārabhavassāpi saṅgaho katoti āha <a name="V1.0238"></a> <span class="bld">‘‘idañcā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">ida</span>nti ‘‘tīsu bhavesu nibbattasattāna’’nti idaṃ vacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Desanāsukhatthamevā</span>ti kevalaṃ desanāsukhatthaṃ, na catuvokārabhave nibbattasattānaṃ dibbacakkhuno āvibhāvasabbhāvato. Na hi ‘‘ṭhapetvā arūpabhava’’nti vā ‘‘dvīsu <a name="P1.0349"></a> bhavesū’’ti vā vuccamāne desanā sukhāvabodhā ca hotīti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Āsavakkhayañāṇakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para248"></a><a name="para248_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">248</span>. <span class="bld">Vipassanāpādaka</span>nti <a name="M1.0269"></a> vipassanāya padaṭṭhānabhūtaṃ. Vipassanā ca tividhā vipassakapuggalabhedena. Mahābodhisattānañhi paccekabodhisattānañca vipassanā cintāmayañāṇasaṃvaddhitā sayambhuñāṇabhūtā, itaresaṃ sutamayañāṇasaṃvaddhitā paropadesasambhūtā nāma. Sā ‘‘ṭhapetvā nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ avasesarūpārūpajjhānānaṃ aññatarato vuṭṭhāyā’’tiādinā anekadhā, arūpamukhavasena catudhātuvavatthāne vuttānaṃ tesaṃ tesaṃ dhātupariggahamukhānañca aññataramukhavasena anekadhā ca visuddhimagge nānānayato vibhāvitā. Mahābodhisattānaṃ pana catuvīsatikoṭisatasahassamukhena pabhedagamanato nānānayaṃ sabbaññutañāṇasannissayassa ariyamaggañāṇassa adhiṭṭhānabhūtaṃ pubbabhāgañāṇagabbhaṃ gaṇhāpentaṃ pariṇataṃ gacchantaṃ paramagambhīraṃ saṇhasukhumataraṃ anaññasādhāraṇaṃ vipassanāñāṇaṃ hoti, yaṃ aṭṭhakathāsu ‘‘mahāvajirañāṇa’’nti vuccati. Yassa ca pavattivibhāgena catuvīsatikoṭisatasahassappabhedassa pādakabhāvena samāpajjiyamānā catuvīsatikoṭisatasahassasaṅkhyā devasikaṃ satthu vaḷañjanakasamāpattiyo vuccanti, svāyaṃ buddhānaṃ vipassanācāro <span class="bld">paramatthamañjusāyaṃ</span> visuddhimaggasaṃvaṇṇanāyaṃ (visuddhi. ṭī. 1.216) uddesato dassito. Atthikehi tato gahetabbo, idha pana sāvakānaṃ vipassanā adhippetā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āsavānaṃ khayañāṇāyā</span>ti āsavānaṃ khepanato samucchindanato āsavakkhayo, ariyamaggo, tattha ñāṇaṃ āsavānaṃ khayañāṇaṃ, tadatthaṃ tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘āsavānaṃ khayañāṇanibbattanatthāyā’’</span>ti. Āsavā ettha khīyantīti <span class="bld">āsavānaṃ khayo</span> nibbānaṃ. Khepeti pāpadhammeti <span class="bld">khayo,</span> maggo. So pana pāpakkhayo āsavakkhayena vinā natthīti ‘‘khaye ñāṇa’’nti ettha khayaggahaṇena <a name="P1.0350"></a> āsavakkhayo vuttoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘khaye ñāṇa’’</span>ntiādi. Samitapāpo samaṇoti katvā āsavānaṃ khīṇattā samaṇo nāma hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘āsavānaṃ khayā samaṇo hotīti ettha phala’’</span>nti. Āsavavaḍḍhiyā saṅkhāre vaḍḍhento visaṅkhārato suvidūravidūroti ‘‘ārā so āsavakkhayā’’ti ettha āsavakkhayapadaṃ visaṅkhārādhivacananti āha <a name="V1.0239"></a> <span class="bld">‘‘āsavakkhayāti ettha nibbānaṃ vutta’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Bhaṅgo</span>ti <a name="M1.0270"></a> āsavānaṃ khaṇanirodho ‘‘āsavānaṃ khayo’’ti vuttoti yojanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Idaṃ dukkha’’</span>nti dukkhassa ariyasaccassa tadā bhikkhuno paccakkhato gahitabhāvadassanaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Ettakaṃ dukkha’’</span>nti tassa paricchijjaggahitabhāvadassanaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Na ito bhiyyo’’</span>ti tassa anavasesetvā gahitabhāvadassanaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbampi dukkhasacca’’</span>ntiādi. <span class="bld">Sarasalakkhaṇapaṭivedhenā</span>ti sabhāvasaṅkhātassa lakkhaṇassa asammohato paṭivijjhanena, asammohapaṭivedhoti ca. Yathā tasmiṃ ñāṇe pavatte pacchā dukkhasaccassa sarūpādiparicchede sammoho na hoti, tathā pavatti, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yathābhūtaṃ pajānātī’’</span>ti. Dukkhaṃ samudeti etasmāti dukkhasamudayo, taṇhāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tassa cā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Yaṃ ṭhānaṃ patvā</span>ti yaṃ nibbānaṃ maggassa ārammaṇapaccayaṭṭhena kāraṇabhūtaṃ āgamma, ‘‘patvā’’ti ca tadubhayavato puggalassa patti tadubhayassa patti viyāti katvā vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Patvā</span>ti vā pāpuṇanahetu. <span class="bld">Appavattī</span>ti appavattinimittaṃ, te vā nappavattanti etthāti <span class="bld">appavatti,</span> nibbānaṃ. <span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti dukkhanirodhassa. <span class="bld">Sampāpaka</span>nti sacchikaraṇavasena sammadeva pāpakaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kilesavasenā</span>ti āsavasaṅkhātakilesavasena. Yasmā āsavānaṃ dukkhasaccapariyāyo tappariyāpannattā, sesasaccānañca taṃsamudayādipariyāyo atthi, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pariyāyato’’</span>ti. Dassento saccānīti yojanā. Āsavānaṃyeva cettha gahaṇaṃ ‘‘āsavānaṃ khayañāṇāyā’’ti āraddhattā. Tathā hi ‘‘kāmāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccatī’’tiādinā <a name="P1.0351"></a> (dī. ni. 1.248; ma. ni. 1.433; ma. ni. 3.19) āsavavimuttisīseneva sabbakilesavimutti vuttā. ‘‘Idaṃ dukkhanti yathābhūtaṃ pajanātī’’tiādinā missakamaggo idha kathitoti <span class="bld">‘‘saha vipassanāya koṭippattaṃ maggaṃ kathesī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Jānato passato’’</span>ti iminā pariññāsacchikiriyābhāvanābhisamayā vuttā. ‘‘Vimuccatī’’ti iminā pahānābhisamayo vuttoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘iminā maggakkhaṇaṃ dassetī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">‘‘Jānato passato’’</span>ti vā hetuniddesoyaṃ. Jānanahetu dassanahetu kāmāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccatīti yojanā. Dhammānañhi samānakālikānampi paccayappaccayuppannatā sahajātakoṭiyā labbhatīti. Bhavāsavaggahaṇena cettha bhavarāgassa viya bhavadiṭṭhiyāpi samavarodhoti diṭṭhāsavassāpi <a name="M1.0271"></a> saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Khīṇā jātītiādīhi</span> padehi. <span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti paccavekkhaṇāñāṇassa. <span class="bld">Bhūmi</span>nti pavattiṭṭhānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yenādhippāyena ‘‘katamā panassā’’tiādinā codanā katā, taṃ vivaranto <span class="bld">‘‘na tāvassā’’</span>tiādimāha<a name="V1.0240"></a>. Tattha <span class="bld">na tāvassa atītā jāti khīṇā</span> maggabhāvanāyāti adhippāyo. Tattha kāraṇamāha <span class="bld">‘‘pubbeva khīṇattā’’</span>ti. Na anāgatā assa jāti khīṇāti yojanā. <span class="bld">Na anāgatā</span>ti ca anāgatabhāvasāmaññaṃ gahetvā lesena codeti, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘anāgate vāyāmābhāvato’’</span>ti. Anāgataviseso panettha adhippeto, tassa ca khepane vāyāmopi labbhateva, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yā pana maggassā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Ekacatupañcavokārabhavesū</span>ti bhavattayaggahaṇaṃ vuttanayena anavasesato jātiyā khīṇabhāvadassanatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti yathāvuttaṃ jātiṃ. <span class="bld">So</span>ti khīṇāsavo bhikkhu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Brahmacariyavāso nāma ukkaṭṭhaniddesena maggabrahmacariyassa nibbattanaṃ evāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘parivuttha’’</span>nti. Sammādiṭṭhiyā catūsu saccesu pariññādikiccasādhanavasena pavattamānāya sammāsaṅkappādīnampi dukkhasacce pariññābhisamayānuguṇā pavatti, itarasaccesu ca <a name="P1.0352"></a> nesaṃ pahānābhisamayādipavatti pākaṭā eva, tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘catūsu saccesu catūhi maggehi pariññāpahānasacchikiriyābhāvanāvasenā’’</span>ti. Dukkhanirodhamaggesu pariññāsacchikiriyābhāvanā yāvadeva samudayappahānatthāyāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tena tena maggena pahātabbakilesā pahīnā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Itthattāyā</span>ti ime pakārā itthaṃ, tabbhāvo itthattaṃ, tadatthanti vuttaṃ hoti. Te pana pakārā ariyamaggabyāpārabhūtā pariññādayo idhādhippetāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ soḷasakiccabhāvāyā’’</span>ti. Te hi maggaṃ paccavekkhato maggānubhāvena pākaṭā hutvā upaṭṭhahanti, pariññādīsu ca pahānameva padhānaṃ tadatthattā itaresanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kilesakkhayabhāvāya vā’’</span>ti. Pahīnakilesapaccavekkhaṇavasena vā evaṃ vuttaṃ. Dutiyavikappe <span class="bld">itthattāyā</span>ti nissakke sampadānavacananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘itthabhāvato’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Apara</span>nti anāgataṃ. <span class="bld">Ime pana</span> carimakattabhāvasaṅkhātā <span class="bld">pañcakkhandhā pariññātā tiṭṭhanti,</span> etena tesaṃ appatiṭṭhataṃ dasseti. Apariññāmūlikā hi patiṭṭhā. Yathāha ‘‘kabaḷīkāre ce bhikkhave āhāre atthi rāgo atthi nandī atthi <a name="M1.0272"></a> taṇhā, patiṭṭhitaṃ tattha viññāṇaṃ virūḷha’’ntiādi. (Saṃ. ni. 2.64; kathā. 296; mahāni. 7) tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘chinnamūlakā rukkhā viyā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para249"></a><a name="para249_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">249</span>. <span class="bld">Pabbatamatthake</span>ti pabbatasikhare. Tañhi yebhuyyena saṅkhittaṃ saṅkucitaṃ hotīti pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘pabbatasaṅkhepe’’ti vuttaṃ. Pabbatapariyāpanno vā padeso <span class="bld">pabbatasaṅkhepo</span><a name="P1.0353"></a>. <span class="bld">Anāvilo</span>ti akālusiyo, sā cassa anāvilatā kaddamābhāvena hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘nikkaddamo’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sippiyo</span>ti suttiyo. <span class="bld">Sambukā</span>ti saṅkhalikā. <span class="bld">Ṭhitāsupi nisinnāsupi</span> gāvīsu. <span class="bld">Vijjamānāsū</span>ti labbhamānāsu, itarā ṭhitāpi nisinnāpi ‘‘carantī’’ti vuccanti sahacaraṇanayena. <span class="bld">Tiṭṭhantameva,</span> na pana kadācipi carantaṃ. <span class="bld">Dvaya</span>nti sippisambukaṃ, macchagumbanti idaṃ ubhayaṃ. <span class="bld">Tiṭṭhantanti vuttaṃ</span> carantaṃ <a name="V1.0241"></a> pīti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">‘‘Itarañca dvaya’’</span>nti ca yathāvuttameva sippisambukādidvayaṃ vadati. Tañhi caratīti. Kiṃ vā imāya sahacariyāya, yathālābhaggahaṇaṃ panettha daṭṭhabbaṃ. Sakkharakathalassa hi vasena tiṭṭhantanti. Sippisambukassa macchagumbassa ca vasena tiṭṭhantampi carantaṃ pīti yojanā kātabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tesaṃ</span> dasannaṃ ñāṇānaṃ. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti tasmiṃ ārammaṇavibhāge, tesu vā ñāṇesu. Bhūmibhedato, kālabhedato, santānabhedato cāti <span class="bld">sattavidhārammaṇaṃ vipassanāñāṇaṃ. ‘‘Rūpāyatanamattamevā’’</span>ti idaṃ tassa ñāṇassa abhinimmiyamāne manomaye kāye rūpāyatanamevārabbha pavattanato vuttaṃ, na tattha gandhāyataṃ ādīnaṃ abhāvato. Na hi rūpakalāpo gandhāyataṃ ādirahito atthi. Parinipphannameva nimmitarūpaṃ, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘parittapaccuppannabahiddhārammaṇa’’</span>nti. Āsavakkhayañāṇaṃ nibbānārammaṇameva samānaṃ parittattikavasena appamāṇārammaṇaṃ, ajjhattattikavasena bahiddhārammaṇaṃ, atītattikavasena navattabbārammaṇañca hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘appamāṇabahiddhānavattabbārammaṇa’’</span>nti. Kūṭo <a name="P1.0354"></a> viya kūṭāgārassa bhagavato desanāya arahattaṃ uttamaṅgabhūtanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘arahattanikūṭenā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Desanaṃ niṭṭhāpesī</span>ti titthakaramataharavibhāviniṃ nānāvidhakuhanalapanādimicchājīvaviddhaṃsiniṃ tividhasīlālaṅkataṃ paramasallekhapaṭipattidīpaniṃ jhānābhiññādiuttarimanussadhammavibhūsitaṃ cuddasavidhamahāsāmaññaphalapaṭimaṇḍitaṃ anaññasādhāraṇaṃ desanaṃ niṭṭhāpesi.</p>
<p class="subhead">Ajātasattuupāsakattapaṭivedanākathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para250"></a><a name="para250_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">250</span>. <span class="bld">Ādimajjhapariyosāna</span>nti <a name="M1.0273"></a> ādiñca majjhañca pariyosānañca. <span class="bld">Sakkaccaṃ</span> sagāravaṃ. <span class="bld">Āraddhaṃ</span> dhammasaṅgāhakehi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Abhikkantā</span> vigatāti atthoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘khaye dissatī’’</span>ti. Tathā hi ‘‘nikkhanto paṭhamo yāmo’’ti upari vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Abhikkantataro</span>ti ativiya kantataro manoramo, tādiso ca sundaro bhaddako nāma hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sundare dissatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ko</span>ti devanāgayakkhagandhabbādīsu ko katamo. <span class="bld">Me</span>ti mama. <span class="bld">Pādānī</span>ti pāde. <span class="bld">Iddhiyā</span>ti imāya evarūpāya deviddhiyā. <span class="bld">Yasasā</span>ti iminā edisena parivārena, parijanena ca. <span class="bld">Jala</span>nti vijjotamāno. <span class="bld">Abhikkantenā</span>ti ativiya kantena kamanīyena abhirūpena. <span class="bld">Vaṇṇenā</span>ti chavivaṇṇena sarīravaṇṇanibhāya<a name="V1.0242"></a>. <span class="bld">Sabbā obhāsayaṃ disā</span>ti dasapi disā pabhāsento cando viya, sūriyo viya ca ekobhāsaṃ ekālokaṃ karontoti gāthāya attho. <span class="bld">Abhirūpe</span>ti uḷārarūpe sampannarūpe.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Coro coro, sappo sappo’’tiādīsu <span class="bld">bhaye āmeḍitaṃ,</span> ‘‘vijjha vijjha, pahara paharā’’tiādīsu <span class="bld">kodhe,</span> ‘‘sādhu sādhūtiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.327; saṃ. ni. 2.127; 3.35; 5.1005) <span class="bld">pasaṃsāyaṃ,</span> ‘‘gaccha gaccha, lunāhi lunāhī’’tiādīsu <span class="bld">turite,</span> ‘‘āgaccha āgacchā’’tiādīsu <span class="bld">kotūhale,</span> ‘‘buddho buddhoti cintento’’tiādīsu (bu. vaṃ. 44) <span class="bld">acchare</span><a name="P1.0355"></a>, ‘‘abhikkamathāyasmanto abhikkamathāyasmanto’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 3.20; a. ni. 9.11) <span class="bld">hāse,</span> ‘‘kahaṃ ekaputtaka kahaṃ ekaputtakā’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 2.63) <span class="bld">soke,</span> ‘‘aho sukhaṃ aho sukha’’ntiādīsu (udā. 20; dī. ni. 3.305; cūḷava. 332) <span class="bld">pasāde. Ca</span>-saddo avuttasamuccayattho, tena garahāasammānādīnaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. Tattha ‘‘pāpo pāpo’’tiādīsu <span class="bld">garahāyaṃ,</span> ‘‘abhirūpaka abhirūpakā’’tiādīsu <span class="bld">asammāne</span> daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nayidaṃ āmeḍitavasena dvikkhattuṃ vuttaṃ, atha kho atthadvayavasenāti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘atha vā’’</span>tiādimāha ‘‘abhikkanta’’nti vacanaṃ apekkhitvā napuṃsakaliṅgavasena vuttaṃ. Taṃ pana bhagavato vacanaṃ dhammassa desanāti katvā <a name="M1.0274"></a> tathā vuttaṃ. Atthamattadassanaṃ vā etaṃ, tasmā atthavasenettha liṅgavibhattipariṇāmo veditabbo. Dutiyapadepi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Dosanāsanato</span>ti rāgādikilesavidhamanato. <span class="bld">Guṇādhigamanato</span>ti sīlādiguṇānaṃ sampādanato. Ye guṇe desanā adhigameti, tesu padhānabhūtā dassetabbāti te padhānabhūte tāva dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘saddhājananato paññājananato’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Saddhāpamukhā hi lokiyā guṇā paññāpamukhā lokuttarā. Sīlādiatthasampattiyā <span class="bld">sātthato.</span> Sabhāvaniruttisampattiyā <span class="bld">sabyañjanato.</span> Suviññeyyasaddapayogatāya <span class="bld">uttānapadato.</span> Saṇhasukhumabhāvena dubbiññeyyatthatāya <span class="bld">gambhīratthato.</span> Siniddhamudumadhurasaddapayogatāya <span class="bld">kaṇṇasukhato.</span> Vipulavisuddhapemanīyatthatāya <span class="bld">hadayaṅgamato. </span> Mānātimānavidhamanena <span class="bld">anattukkaṃsanato.</span> Thambhasārambhanimmaddanena <span class="bld">aparavambhanato.</span> Hitādhippāyappavattiyā, paresaṃ rāgapariḷāhādivūpagamanena <a name="P1.0356"></a> ca <span class="bld">karuṇāsītalato.</span> Kilesandhakāravidhamanena <span class="bld">paññāvadātato.</span> Karavīkarutamañjutāya <span class="bld">āpātharamaṇīyato.</span> Pubbāparāviruddhasuvisuddhatāya <span class="bld">vimaddakkhamato.</span> Āpātharamaṇīyatāya eva <span class="bld">suyyamānasukhato. </span> Vimaddakkhamatāya, hitajjhāsayappavattitāya ca <span class="bld">vīmaṃsiyamānahitato. Evamādīhī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena saṃsāracakkanivattanato saddhammacakkappavattanato, micchāvādaviddhaṃsanato sammāvādapatiṭṭhāpanato, akusalamūlasamuddharaṇato <a name="V1.0243"></a> kusalamūlasaṃropanato, apāyadvārapidhānato saggamaggadvāravivaraṇato, pariyuṭṭhānavūpasamanato anusayasamugghāṭanatoti evamādīnaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Adhomukhaṭṭhapita</span>nti kenaci adhomukhaṃ ṭhapitaṃ. <span class="bld">Heṭṭhāmukhajāta</span>nti sabhāveneva heṭṭhāmukhaṃ jātaṃ. <span class="bld">Ugghāṭeyyā</span>ti vivaṭaṃ kareyya. <span class="bld">Hatthe gahetvā</span> ‘‘puratthābhimukho, uttarābhimukho vā gacchā’’tiādīni avatvā hatthe gahetvā nissandehaṃ katvā. ‘‘Esa maggo, evaṃ gacchā’’ti dasseyya. <span class="bld">Kāḷapakkhacātuddasī</span>ti kāḷapakkhe cātuddasī. <span class="bld">Nikkujjitaṃ</span> ādheyyassa anādhārabhūtaṃ bhājanaṃ ādhārabhāvāpādanavasena <span class="bld">ukkujjeyya. </span> Aññāṇassa abhimukhattā heṭṭhāmukhajātatāya <span class="bld">saddhammavimukhaṃ</span> adhomukhaṭṭhapitatāya <span class="bld">asaddhamme patita</span>nti evaṃ padadvayaṃ yathārahaṃ yojetabbaṃ, na yathāsaṅkhyaṃ. Kāmaṃ kāmacchandādayo paṭicchādakā nīvaraṇabhāvato, micchādiṭṭhi pana savisesaṃ paṭicchādikā satte micchābhinivesanavasenāti āha <a name="M1.0275"></a> <span class="bld">‘‘micchādiṭṭhigahanapaṭicchanna’’</span>nti. Tenāha bhagavā ‘‘micchādiṭṭhiparamāhaṃ <a name="P1.0357"></a> bhikkhave vajjaṃ vadāmī’’ti. Sabbo apāyagāmimaggo <span class="bld">kummaggo</span> kucchito maggoti katvā. Sammādiṭṭhiādīnaṃ ujupaṭipakkhatāya micchādiṭṭhiādayo aṭṭha micchattadhammā micchāmaggā. Teneva hi tadubhayapaṭipakkhataṃ sandhāya <span class="bld">‘‘saggamokkhamaggaṃ āvikarontenā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Sappiādisannissayo padīpo na tathā ujjalo, yathā telasannissayoti <span class="bld">telapajjota</span>-ggahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Etehi pariyāyehī</span>ti etehi nikkujjitukkujjanapaṭicchannavivaraṇādiupamopamitabbappakārehi, etehi vā yathāvuttehi nānāvidhakuhanalapanādimicchājīvavividhamanādivibhāvanapariyāyehi. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pasannakāra</span>nti pasannehi kātabbaṃ sakkāraṃ. <span class="bld">Saraṇa</span>nti paṭisaraṇaṃ, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘parāyaṇa’’</span>nti. Parāyaṇabhāvo ca anatthanisedhanena, atthasampaṭipādanena ca hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘aghassa tātā, hitassa ca vidhātā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Aghassā</span>ti dukkhatoti vadanti, pāpatoti pana attho yutto, nissakke cetaṃ sāmivacanaṃ. Ettha ca nāyaṃ <span class="bld">gamu</span>-saddo nī-saddādayo viya dvikammako, tasmā yathā ‘‘ajaṃ gāmaṃ netī’’ti vuccati, evaṃ ‘‘bhagavantaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmī’’ti vattuṃ na sakkā, ‘‘saraṇanti gacchāmī’’ti pana vattabbaṃ. Iti-saddo cettha luttaniddiṭṭho. Tassa cāyamattho. Gamanañca tadadhippāyena bhajanaṃ jānanaṃ vāti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘iminā adhippāyenā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">‘‘bhajāmī’’</span>tiādīsu purimassa purimassa pacchimaṃ pacchimaṃ atthavacanaṃ, <span class="bld">bhajanaṃ</span> vā saraṇādhippāyena upasaṅkamanaṃ, <span class="bld">sevanaṃ</span> santikāvacaratā, <span class="bld">payirupāsanaṃ</span> vattapaṭivattakaraṇena upaṭṭhānanti <a name="V1.0244"></a> evaṃ sabbathāpi anaññasaraṇataṃyeva dīpeti. <span class="bld">‘‘Gacchāmī’’</span>ti <a name="P1.0358"></a> padassa bujjhāmīti ayamattho kathaṃ labbhatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yesañhī’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Adhigatamagge sacchikatanirodhe’’</span>ti padadvayenāpi phalaṭṭhā eva dassitā, na maggaṭṭhāti te dassento <span class="bld">‘‘yathānusiṭṭhaṃ paṭipajjamāne cā’’</span>tiādimāha. Nanu ca kalyāṇaputhujjanopi ‘‘yathānusiṭṭhaṃ paṭipajjatī’’ti vuccatīti? Kiñcāpi vuccati, nippariyāyena pana maggaṭṭhā eva tathā vattabbā, na itaro niyāmokkamanābhāvato. Tathā hi te eva vuttā <span class="bld">‘‘apāyesu apatamāne dhāretī’’</span>ti. Sammattaniyāmokkamanena hi apāyavinimuttasambhavo<a name="M1.0276"></a>. <span class="bld">Akkhāyatī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">iti</span>-saddo ādiattho, pakārattho vā, tena ‘‘yāvatā bhikkhave dhammā saṅkhatā vā asaṅkhatā vā, virāgo tesaṃ aggaṃ akkhāyatī’’ti (itivu. 90; a. ni. 4.34) suttapadaṃ saṅgaṇhāti, <span class="bld">‘‘vitthāro’’</span>ti vā iminā. Ettha ca <span class="bld">ariyamaggo</span> niyyānikatāya, <span class="bld">nibbānaṃ</span> tassa tadatthasiddhihetutāyāti ubhayameva nippariyāyena ‘‘dhammo’’ti vutto. Nibbānañhi ārammaṇapaccayabhūtaṃ labhitvā ariyamaggassa tadatthasiddhi. Tathāpi yasmā ariyaphalānaṃ ‘‘tāya saddhāya avūpasantāyā’’tiādi vacanato maggena samucchinnānaṃ kilesānaṃ paṭipassaddhippahānakiccatāya, niyyānānuguṇatāya, niyyānapariyosānatāya ca, pariyattidhammassa pana ‘‘niyyānadhammassa samadhigamanahetutāyā’’ti iminā pariyāyena vuttanayena dhammabhāvo labbhati eva. Svāyamattho pāṭhārūḷho evāti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘na kevala’’</span>ntiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Kāmarāgo bhavarāgo’’ti evamādi bhedo sabbopi rāgo virajjati etenāti <span class="bld">rāgavirāgoti maggo kathito.</span> Ejāsaṅkhātāya <a name="P1.0359"></a> taṇhāya, antonijjhānalakkhaṇassa sokassa ca taduppattiyaṃ sabbaso parikkhīṇattā <span class="bld">anejaṃ asokanti phalaṃ kathitaṃ. Appaṭikūla</span>nti avirodhadīpanato kenaci aviruddhaṃ, iṭṭhaṃ paṇītanti vā attho. Paguṇarūpena pavattitattā, pakaṭṭhaguṇavibhāvanato vā <span class="bld">paguṇaṃ.</span> Yathāha ‘‘vihiṃsasaññī paguṇaṃ na bhāsiṃ, dhammaṃ paṇītaṃ manujesu brahme’’ti. (Ma. ni. 1.283; ma. ni. 2.339; mahāva. 9) sabbadhammakkhandhā kathitāti yojanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Diṭṭhisīlasaṅghātenā</span>ti ‘‘yāyaṃ diṭṭhi ariyā niyyānikā niyyāti takkarassa sammā dukkhakkhayāya, tathārūpāya diṭṭhiyā diṭṭhisāmaññagato viharatī’’ti (dī. ni. 3.324; ma. ni. 4.92; 3.54) evaṃ vuttāya diṭṭhiyā, ‘‘yāni tāni sīlāni akhaṇḍāni acchiddāni asabalāni akammāsāni bhujissāni viññuppasatthāni aparāmaṭṭhāni samādhisaṃvattanikāni<a name="V1.0245"></a>, tathārūpehi sīlehi sīlasāmaññagato viharatī’’ti (dī. ni. 3.323; ma. ni. 1.492; 3.54; a. ni. 6.11; pari. 274) evaṃ vuttānaṃ sīlānañca saṃhatabhāvena, diṭṭhisīlasāmaññenāti attho. <span class="bld">Saṃhato</span>ti ghaṭito, sametoti attho. Ariyapuggalā hi yattha katthaci dūre ṭhitāpi attano guṇasāmaggiyā saṃhatā eva<a name="M1.0277"></a>. <span class="bld">Aṭṭha ca puggaladhammadasā te</span>ti te purisayugavasena cattāropi puggalavasena aṭṭheva ariyadhammassa paccakkhadassāvitāya dhammadasā. Tīṇi vatthūni ‘‘saraṇa’’nti gamanena, tikkhattuṃ gamanena ca <span class="bld">tīṇi saraṇagamanāni. Paṭivedesī</span>ti attano hadayagataṃ vācāya pavedesi.</p>
<p class="subhead">Saraṇagamanakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Saraṇagamanassa visayappabhedaphalasaṃkilesabhedānaṃ <a name="P1.0360"></a> viya kattu ca vibhāvanā tattha kosallāya hotīti <span class="bld">‘‘saraṇagamanesu kosallatthaṃ saraṇaṃ…pe… veditabbo’’</span>ti vuttaṃ tena vinā saraṇagamanasseva asambhavato. Kasmā panettha vodānaṃ na gahitaṃ, nanu vodānavibhāvanāpi tattha kosallāvahāti? Saccametaṃ, taṃ pana saṃkilesaggahaṇeneva atthato dīpitaṃ hotīti na gahitaṃ. Yāni hi nesaṃ saṃkilesakāraṇāni aññāṇādīni, tesaṃ sabbena sabbaṃ anuppannānaṃ anuppādanena, uppannānañca pahānena vodānaṃ hotīti. Hiṃsatthassa sara-saddassa vasenetaṃ padaṃ daṭṭhabbanti ‘‘hiṃsatīti saraṇa’’nti vatvā taṃ pana hiṃsanaṃ kesaṃ kathaṃ kassa vāti codanaṃ sodhento <span class="bld">‘‘saraṇagatāna’’</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">bhaya</span>nti vaṭṭabhayaṃ. <span class="bld">Santāsa</span>nti cittutrāsaṃ teneva cetasikadukkhassa gahitattā. <span class="bld">Dukkha</span>nti kāyikadukkhaṃ. <span class="bld">Duggatiparikilesa</span>nti duggatipariyāpannaṃ sabbampi dukkhaṃ, tayidaṃ sabbaṃ parato phalakathāyaṃ āvibhavissati. <span class="bld">Eta</span>nti ‘‘saraṇa’’nti padaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ avisesato saraṇa-saddassa atthaṃ dassetvā idāni visesato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘atha vā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Hite pavattanenā</span>ti ‘‘sampannasīlā bhikkhave viharathā’’tiādinā (ma. ni. 1.64, 69) atthe niyojanena. <span class="bld">Ahitā ca nivattanenā</span>ti. ‘‘Pāṇātipātassa kho pāpako vipāko, pāpakaṃ abhisamparāya’’ntiādinā ādīnavadassanādimukhena anatthato nivattanena. <span class="bld">Bhayaṃ hiṃsatī</span>ti hitāhitesu appavattipavattihetukaṃ byasanaṃ appavattikaraṇena vināseti. Bhavakantārā uttāraṇena maggasaṅkhāto dhammo, itaro assāsadānena sattānaṃ <a name="P1.0361"></a> bhayaṃ hiṃsatīti yojanā. <span class="bld">Kārāna</span>nti dānavasena pūjāvasena ca upanītānaṃ sakkārānaṃ. Vipulaphalapaṭilābhakaraṇena sattānaṃ bhayaṃ hiṃsatīti yojanā, anuttaradakkhiṇeyyabhāvatoti <a name="M1.0278"></a> adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Imināpi pariyāyenā</span>ti imināpi vibhajitvā vuttena kāraṇena.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Sammāsambuddho <a name="V1.0246"></a> bhagavā, svākkhāto dhammo, suppaṭipanno saṅgho’’ti evaṃ pavatto tattha ratanattaye pasādo tappasādo, tadeva ratanattayaṃ garu etassāti taggaru tabbhāvo taggarutā, tappasādo ca taggarutā ca tappasādataggarutā, tāhi <span class="bld">tappasādataggarutāhi.</span> Vidhūtadiṭṭhivicikicchāsammohaassaddhiyāditāya <span class="bld">vihatakileso.</span> Tadeva ratanattayaṃ parāyaṇaṃ parāgati tāṇaṃ leṇanti evaṃ pavattiyā <span class="bld">tapparāyaṇatākārappavatto cittuppādo saraṇagamanaṃ</span> saraṇaṃ gacchati etenāti. <span class="bld">Taṃsamaṅgī</span>ti tena yathāvuttacittuppādena samannāgato. <span class="bld">Evaṃ upetī</span>ti bhajati sevati payirupāsati, evaṃ vā jānāti bujjhatīti evamattho veditabbo. Ettha ca <span class="bld">pasāda</span>-ggahaṇena lokiyasaraṇagamanamāha. Tañhi pasādappadhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Garutā</span>gahaṇena lokuttaraṃ. Ariyā hi ratanattayaṃ guṇābhiññatāya pāsāṇacchattaṃ viya garuṃ katvā passanti. Tasmā tappasādena vikkhambhanavasena vigatakileso, taggarutāya samucchedavasenāti yojetabbaṃ agāravakaraṇahetūnaṃ samucchindanato. Tapparāyaṇatā panettha taggatikatāti tāya catubbidhampi vakkhamānaṃ saraṇagamanaṃ gahitanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Avisesena <a name="P1.0362"></a> vā pasādagarutā jotitāti <span class="bld">pasāda</span>ggahaṇena aveccappasādassa itarassa ca gahaṇaṃ, tathā <span class="bld">garutā</span>gahaṇenāti ubhayenāpi ubhayaṃ saraṇagamanaṃ yojetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Maggakkhaṇe ijjhatīti yojanā. <span class="bld">‘‘Nibbānārammaṇaṃ hutvā’’</span>ti etena atthato catusaccādhigamo eva lokuttarasaraṇagamananti dasseti. Tattha hi nibbānadhammo sacchikiriyābhisamayavasena, maggadhammo bhāvanābhisamayavasena paṭivijjhiyamānoyeva saraṇagamanatthaṃ sādheti. Buddhaguṇā pana sāvakagocarabhūtā pariññābhisamayavasena, tathā ariyasaṅghaguṇā, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kiccato sakalepi ratanattaye ijjhatī’’</span>ti. Ijjhantañca saheva ijjhati, na lokiyaṃ viya patipāṭiyā asammohapaṭivedhena paṭividdhattāti adhippāyo. Ye pana vadanti ‘‘na saraṇagamanaṃ nibbānārammaṇaṃ hutvā pavattati. Maggassa adhigatattā pana adhigatameva hoti ekaccānaṃ tevijjādīnaṃ lokiyavijjādayo viyā’’ti, tesaṃ lokiyameva saraṇagamanaṃ siyā, na lokuttaraṃ, tañca ayuttaṃ duvidhassāpi icchitabbattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ta</span>nti <a name="M1.0279"></a> lokiyaṃ saraṇagamanaṃ. <span class="bld">Saddhāpaṭilābho</span> ‘‘sammāsambuddho bhagavā’’tiādinā. <span class="bld">Saddhāmūlikā</span>ti yathāvuttasaddhāpubbaṅgamā sammādiṭṭhiti buddhasubuddhataṃ, dhammasudhammataṃ, saṅghasuppaṭipattiñca lokiyāvabodhavaseneva sammā ñāyena dassanato. <span class="bld">‘‘Saddhāmūlikā sammādiṭṭhī’’</span>ti etena saddhūpanissayā yathāvuttalakkhaṇā paññā lokiyasaraṇagamananti dasseti, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘diṭṭhijukammanti vuccatī’’</span>ti. Diṭṭhi eva attano paccayehi uju karīyatīti katvā diṭṭhi vā uju karīyati etenāti <span class="bld">diṭṭhijukammaṃ,</span> tathā pavatto cittuppādo. Evañca katvā ‘‘tapparāyaṇatākārappavatto <a name="V1.0247"></a> cittuppādo’’ti idaṃ vacanaṃ samatthitaṃ hoti. Saddhāpubbaṅgamasammādiṭṭhiggahaṇaṃ pana cittuppādassa <a name="P1.0363"></a> tappadhānatāyāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Saddhāpaṭilābho’’</span>ti iminā mātādīhi ussāhitadārakādīnaṃ viya ñāṇavippayuttaṃ saraṇagamanaṃ dasseti, <span class="bld">‘‘sammādiṭṭhī’’</span>ti iminā ñāṇasampayuttaṃ saraṇagamanaṃ. <span class="bld">Tayidaṃ</span> lokiyaṃ saraṇagamanaṃ. Attā sanniyyātīyati appīyati pariccajīyati etenāti <span class="bld">attasanniyyātanaṃ,</span> yathāvuttaṃ diṭṭhijukammaṃ. Taṃ ratanattayaṃ parāyaṇaṃ paṭisaraṇaṃ etassāti tapparāyaṇo, puggalo, cittuppādo vā. Tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">tapparāyaṇatā,</span> yathāvuttaṃ diṭṭhijukammameva. ‘‘Saraṇa’’nti adhippāyena sissabhāvaṃ antevāsikabhāvaṃ upagacchati etenāti <span class="bld">sissabhāvūpagamanaṃ.</span> Saraṇagamanādhippāyeneva paṇipatati etenāti <span class="bld">paṇipāto.</span> Sabbattha yathāvuttadiṭṭhijukammavaseneva attho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Attapariccajana</span>nti saṃsāradukkhanittharaṇatthaṃ attano attabhāvassa pariccajanaṃ. Eseva nayo sesesupi. <span class="bld">Buddhādīnaṃ yevā</span>ti avadhāraṇaṃ attasanniyyātanādīsupi tattha tattha vattabbaṃ. Evañhi tadaññanivattanaṃ kataṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ attasanniyyātanādīni ekena pakārena dassetvā idāni aparehipi pakārehi dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘apicā’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ, tena pariyāyantarehipi attasanniyyātanādi katameva hoti atthassa abhinnattāti dasseti. <span class="bld">Āḷavakādīna</span>nti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena sātāgirahemavatādīnaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. Nanu cete āḷavakādayo maggeneva āgatasaraṇagamanā, kathaṃ tesaṃ tapparāyaṇatāsaraṇagamanaṃ vuttanti? Maggenāgatasaraṇagamanehipi. ‘‘So ahaṃ vicarissāmi…pe… sudhammataṃ’’ (saṃ. ni. 1.246; su. ni. 194) ‘‘te mayaṃ vicarissāma<a name="M1.0280"></a>, gāmā gāmaṃ nagā nagaṃ…pe… sudhammata’’nti, (su. ni. 182) tehi <a name="P1.0364"></a> tapparāyaṇatākārassa paveditattā tathā vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">So panesa ñāti…pe… vasenā</span>ti ettha ñātivasena, bhayavasena, ācariyavasena, dakkhiṇeyyavasenāti paccekaṃ yojetabbaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">ñātivasenā</span>ti ñātibhāvavasena. Evaṃ sesesupi. <span class="bld">Dakkhiṇeyyapaṇipātenā</span>ti dakkhiṇeyyatāhetukena paṇipātena. <span class="bld">Itarehī</span>ti ñātibhāvādivasappavattehi tīhi paṇipātehi. ‘‘Itarehī’’tiādinā saṅkhepato vuttamatthaṃ vitthārato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tasmā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Vandatī</span>ti paṇipātassa lakkhaṇavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Evarūpa</span>nti diṭṭhadhammikaṃ sandhāya vadati. Samparāyikañhi niyyānikaṃ vā anusāsaniṃ paccāsisanto dakkhiṇeyyapaṇipātameva karotīti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saraṇagamanappabhedo</span>ti <a name="V1.0248"></a> saraṇagamanavibhāgo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ariyamaggo eva lokuttaraṃ saraṇagamananti <span class="bld">‘‘cattāri sāmaññaphalāni vipākaphala’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbadukkhakkhayo</span>ti sakalassa vaṭṭadukkhassa anuppādanirodho. <span class="bld">Eta</span>nti ‘‘cattāri ariyasaccāni, sammappaññāya passatī’’ti evaṃ vuttaṃ ariyasaccassa dassanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Niccādito anupagamanādivasenā</span>ti ‘‘nicca’’nti aggahaṇādivasena. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhāna</span>nti hetupaṭikkhepo. <span class="bld">Anavakāso</span>ti paccayapaṭikkhepo. Ubhayenāpi kāraṇameva paṭikkhipati. <span class="bld">Ya</span>nti yena kāraṇena. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhisampanno</span>ti maggadiṭṭhiyā samannāgato sotāpanno. <span class="bld">Kañci saṅkhāra</span>nti catubhūmakesu saṅkhatasaṅkhāresu ekasaṅkhārampi. <span class="bld">Niccato upagaccheyyā</span>ti ‘‘nicco’’ti gaṇheyya. <span class="bld">‘‘Sukhato upagaccheyyā’’</span>ti. ‘‘Ekantasukhī attā hoti arogo paraṃ maraṇā’’ti (dī. ni. 1.76) evaṃ attadiṭṭhivasena sukhato gāhaṃ sandhāyetaṃ vuttaṃ<a name="P1.0365"></a>. Diṭṭhivippayuttacittena pana ariyasāvako pariḷāhavūpasamanatthaṃ mattahatthiparittāsito viya cokkhabrāhmaṇo ukkārabhūmiṃ <span class="bld">kañci saṅkhāraṃ sukhato upagacchati.</span> Attavāre kasiṇādipaññattisaṅgahatthaṃ ‘‘saṅkhāra’’nti avatvā <span class="bld">‘‘kañci dhamma’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. Imesupi vāresu catubhūmakavaseneva paricchedo veditabbo, tebhūmakavaseneva vā. Yaṃ yañhi puthujjano gāhavasena gaṇhāti, tato tato ariyasāvako gāhaṃ viniveṭheti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Mātara’’</span>ntiādīsu <a name="M1.0281"></a> janikā <span class="bld">mātā,</span> janako <span class="bld">pitā,</span> manussabhūto khīṇāsavo <span class="bld">arahā</span>ti adhippeto. Kiṃ pana ariyasāvako aññaṃ jīvitā voropeyyāti? Etampi aṭṭhānaṃ, puthujjanabhāvassa pana mahāsāvajjabhāvadassanatthaṃ, ariyasāvakassa ca phaladassanatthaṃ evaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Duṭṭhacitto</span>ti vadhakacittena paduṭṭhacitto. <span class="bld">Lohitaṃ uppādeyyā</span>ti jīvamānakasarīre khuddakamakkhikāya pivanamattampi lohitaṃ uppādeyya. <span class="bld">Saṅghaṃ bhindeyyā</span>ti samānasaṃvāsakaṃ samānasīmāyaṃ ṭhitaṃ saṅghaṃ. ‘‘Kammena, uddesena, voharanto, anussāvanena, salākaggāhenā’’ti (pari. 458) evaṃ vuttehi pañcahi kāraṇehi bhindeyya. <span class="bld">Aññaṃ satthāra</span>nti aññaṃ titthakaraṃ ‘‘ayaṃ me satthā’’ti evaṃ gaṇheyya, netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjatīti attho. <span class="bld">Na te gamissanti apāyabhūmi</span>nti te buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gatā taṃnimittaṃ apāyaṃ na gamissanti, devakāyaṃ pana paripūressantīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dasahi ṭhānehī</span>ti dasahi kāraṇehi. <span class="bld">Adhigaṇhantī</span>ti abhibhavanti. <span class="bld">Velāmasuttādivasenāpī</span>ti ettha karīsassa catutthabhāgappamāṇānaṃ caturāsītisahassasaṅkhyānaṃ suvaṇṇapātirūpiyapātikaṃsapātīnaṃ <a name="V1.0249"></a> yathākkamaṃ rūpiyasuvaṇṇahiraññapūrānaṃ, sabbālaṅkārapaṭimaṇḍitānaṃ caturāsītiyā <a name="P1.0366"></a> hatthisahassānaṃ, caturāsītiyā assasahassānaṃ, caturāsītiyā rathasahassānaṃ, caturāsītiyā dhenusahassānaṃ, caturāsītiyā kaññāsahassānaṃ, caturāsītiyā pallaṅkasahassānaṃ, caturāsītiyā vatthakoṭisahassānaṃ, aparimāṇassa ca khajjabhojjādibhedassa āhārassa pariccajanavasena sattamāsādhikāni sattasaṃvaccharāni nirantaraṃ pavattavelāmamahādānato ekassa sotāpannassa dinnadānaṃ mahapphalataraṃ, tato sataṃ sotāpannānaṃ dinnadānato ekassa sakadāgāmino, tato ekassa anāgāmino, tato ekassa arahato, tato ekassa paccekabuddhassa, tato sammāsambuddhassa, tato buddhappamukhassa saṅghassa dinnadānaṃ mahapphalataraṃ, tato cātuddisasaṅghaṃ uddissa vihārakaraṇaṃ, tato saraṇagamanaṃ mahapphalataranti imamatthaṃ pakāsentassa velāmasuttassa (a. ni. 9.20) vasena. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘yaṃ gahapati velāmo brāhmaṇo dānaṃ adāsi mahādānaṃ, yo cekaṃ diṭṭhisampannaṃ bhojeyya, idaṃ tato mahapphalatara’’ntiādi <a name="M1.0282"></a> (a. ni. 9.20). <span class="bld">Velāmasuttādī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>saddena aggappasādasuttādīnaṃ (a. ni. 4.34; itivu. 90) saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aññāṇaṃ</span> vatthuttayassa guṇānaṃ ajānanaṃ, tattha sammoho. ‘‘Buddho nu kho, na nu kho’’tiādinā vicikicchā <span class="bld">saṃsayo. Micchāñāṇaṃ</span> tassa guṇānaṃ aguṇabhāvaparikappanena viparītaggāho. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena anādarāgāravādīnaṃ saṅgaho. <span class="bld">Na mahājutika</span>nti na ujjalaṃ, aparisuddhaṃ apariyodātanti attho. <span class="bld">Na mahāvipphāra</span>nti anuḷāraṃ. <span class="bld">Sāvajjo</span>ti taṇhādiṭṭhādivasena sadoso, lokiyasaraṇagamanaṃ sikkhāsamādānaṃ viya aggahitakālaparicchedaṃ jīvitapariyantameva hoti, tasmā tassa khandhabhedena bhedoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘anavajjo kālakiriyāyā’’</span>ti. Soti anavajjo saraṇagamanabhedo. Satipi anavajjatte iṭṭhaphalopi na <a name="P1.0367"></a> hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘aphalo’’</span>ti. Kasmā? <span class="bld">Avipākattā.</span> Na hi taṃ akusalanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ko upāsako</span>ti sarūpapucchā, kiṃlakkhaṇo upāsakoti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Kasmā</span>ti hetupucchā, tena kena pavattinimittena upāsaka-saddo tasmiṃ puggale nirūḷhoti dasseti, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kasmā upāsakoti vuccatī’’</span>ti. Saddassa abhidheyye pavattinimittaṃ tadatthassa tabbhāvakāraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Kimassa sīla</span>nti kīdisaṃ assa upāsakassa sīlaṃ, kittakena sīlenāyaṃ sīlasampanno nāma hotīti attho. <span class="bld">Ko ājīvo</span>ti ko assa sammāājīvo, so pana micchājīvassa parivajjanena hotīti sopi vibhajīyati. <span class="bld">Kā vipattī</span>ti kā assa sīlassa, ājīvassa <a name="V1.0250"></a> vā vipatti. Anantarassa hi vidhi vā paṭisedho vā. <span class="bld">Sampattī</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yo kocī</span>ti khattiyādīsu yo koci, tena saraṇagamanaṃ evaṃ kāraṇaṃ, na jāti ādivisesoti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upāsanato</span>ti teneva saraṇagamanena, tattha ca sakkaccakiriyāya ādara gāravabahumānādiyogena payirupāsanato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Veramaṇiyo</span>ti <a name="M1.0283"></a> veraṃ vuccati pāṇātipātādidussīlyaṃ, tassa maṇanato hananato vināsanato veramaṇiyo, pañca viratiyo viratipadhānattā tassa sīlassa, tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘paṭivirato hotī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Micchāvaṇijjā</span>ti na sammāvaṇijjā ayuttavaṇijjā asāruppavaṇijjā. <span class="bld">Pahāyā</span>ti akaraṇeneva pajahitvā. <span class="bld">Dhammenā</span>ti dhammato anapetena, tena aññampi adhammikaṃ jīvikaṃ paṭikkhipati. <span class="bld">Samenā</span>ti avisamena, tena kāyavisaṃ ādiduccaritaṃ vajjetvā kāyasamādinā sucaritena jīvikaṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Satthavaṇijjā</span>ti āvudhabhaṇḍaṃ katvā <a name="P1.0368"></a> vā kāretvā vā yathākataṃ vā paṭilabhitvā tassa vikkayo. <span class="bld">Sattavaṇijjā</span>ti manussavikkayo. <span class="bld">Maṃsavaṇijjā</span>ti sūnakārādayo viya migasūkarādike posetvā maṃsaṃ sampādetvā vikkayo. <span class="bld">Majjavaṇijjā</span>ti yaṃ kiñci majjaṃ yojetvā tassa vikkayo. <span class="bld">Visavaṇijjā</span>ti visaṃ yojetvā vā visaṃ gahetvā vā tassa vikkayo. Tattha satthavaṇijjā paroparodhanimittatāya akaraṇīyā vuttā sattavaṇijjā abhujissabhāvakaraṇato, maṃsavaṇijjā vadhahetuto, majjavaṇijjā pamādaṭṭhānato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tassevā</span>ti pañcaveramaṇilakkhaṇassa <span class="bld">sīlassa ceva</span> pañcamicchāvaṇijjālakkhaṇassa <span class="bld">ājīvassa ca. Vipattī</span>ti bhedo, pakopo ca. <span class="bld">Yāyā</span>ti yāya paṭipattiyā. <span class="bld">Caṇḍālo</span>ti upāsakacaṇḍālo. <span class="bld">Mala</span>nti upāsakamalaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭikiṭṭho</span>ti upāsakanihīno. Buddhādīsu kammakammaphalesu ca saddhāvipariyāyo assaddhiyaṃ micchādhimokkho, yathāvuttena assaddhiyena samannāgato <span class="bld">assaddho.</span> Yathāvuttasīlavipattiājīvavipattivasena <span class="bld">dussīlo.</span> ‘‘Iminā diṭṭhādinā idaṃ nāma maṅgalaṃ hotī’’ti evaṃ bālajanaparikappitakotūhalasaṅkhātena diṭṭhasutamutamaṅgalena samannāgato <span class="bld">kotūhalamaṅgaliko. Maṅgalaṃ paccetī</span>ti diṭṭhamaṅgalādibhedaṃ maṅgalameva pattiyāyati. <span class="bld">No kamma</span>nti <a name="V1.0251"></a> kammassakataṃ no pattiyāyati. <span class="bld">Ito ca bahiddhā</span>ti ito sabbaññubuddhasāsanato bahiddhā bāhirakasamaye. <span class="bld">Dakkhiṇeyyaṃ pariyesatī</span>ti duppaṭipannaṃ dakkhiṇārahasaññī gavesati. <span class="bld">Pubbakāraṃ karotī</span>ti dānamānaṃ ādikaṃ kusalakiriyaṃ paṭhamataraṃ karoti. Ettha ca dakkhiṇeyyapariyesanapubbakāre ekaṃ katvā pañca dhammā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vipattiyaṃ vuttavipariyāyena <span class="bld">sampatti</span> veditabbā. Ayaṃ pana viseso – catunnampi parisānaṃ ratijananaṭṭhena upāsakova ratanaṃ <span class="bld">upāsakaratanaṃ.</span> Guṇasobhākittisaddasugandhatāya <a name="M1.0284"></a><a name="P1.0369"></a> upāsakova padumaṃ <span class="bld">upāsakapadumaṃ.</span> Tathā <span class="bld">upāsakapuṇḍarīkaṃ.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ādimhī</span>tiādiatthe. <span class="bld">Koṭiya</span>nti pariyantakoṭiyaṃ. <span class="bld">Vihāraggenā</span>ti ovarakakoṭṭhāsena, ‘‘imasmiṃ gabbhe vasantānamidaṃ nāma panasaphalaṃ pāpuṇātī’’tiādinā taṃ taṃvasanaṭṭhānakoṭṭhāsenāti attho. Ajjatagganti vā ajjadagganti vā ajja icceva attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Pāṇehi upeta’’nti iminā tassa saraṇagamanassa āpāṇakoṭikataṃ dassento ‘‘yāva me jīvitaṃ pavattatī’’tiādīni vatvā puna jīvitenāpi taṃ vatthuttayaṃ paṭipūjento ‘‘saraṇagamanaṃ rakkhāmī’’ti uppannaṃ tassa rañño adhippāyaṃ vibhāvento <span class="bld">‘‘ahañhī’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Pāṇehi upeta</span>nti hi yāva me pāṇā dharanti, tāva saraṇaṃ upetaṃ, upento ca na vācāmattena, na ekavāraṃ cittuppādamattena, atha kho pāṇānaṃ pariccajanavasena yāvajīvaṃ upetanti evamettha attho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Accayanaṃ sādhumariyādaṃ madditvā vītikkamanaṃ <span class="bld">accayo</span>ti āha <span class="bld">‘‘aparādho’’</span>ti. Acceti atikkamati etenāti vā <span class="bld">accayo,</span> vītikkamassa pavattanako akusaladhammo. So eva aparajjhati etenāti <span class="bld">aparādho.</span> So hi aparajjhantaṃ purisaṃ abhibhavitvā pavattati, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘atikkamma abhibhavitvā pavatto’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Caratī</span>ti ācarati karoti. <span class="bld">Dhammenevā</span>ti dhammato anapetena payogena. <span class="bld">Paṭiggaṇhātū</span>ti adhivāsanavasena sampaṭicchatūti atthoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘khamatū’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para251"></a><a name="para251_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">251</span>. Sadevakena lokena ‘‘saraṇa’’nti araṇīyato <span class="bld">ariyo,</span> tathāgatoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ariyassa vinaye buddhassa bhagavato sāsane’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Puggalādhiṭṭhānaṃ karonto</span>ti kāmaṃ ‘‘vuddhi hesā’’ti <a name="V1.0252"></a> dhammādhiṭṭhānavasena vākyaṃ āraddhaṃ, tathāpi desanaṃ <a name="P1.0370"></a> pana puggalādhiṭṭhānaṃ karonto saṃvaraṃ āpajjatīti āhāti yojanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para253"></a><a name="para253_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">253</span>. Imasmiṃyeva attabhāve nippajjanakānaṃ attano kusalamūlānaṃ khaṇanena <span class="bld">khato,</span> tesaṃyeva upahananena <span class="bld">upahato. </span> Ubhayenāpi tassa kammāparādhameva vadati. Patiṭṭhāti sammattaniyāmokkamanaṃ etāyāti <a name="M1.0285"></a> patiṭṭhā, tassa upanissayasampadā. Sā kiriyāparādhena bhinnā vināsitā etenāti <span class="bld">bhinnapatiṭṭho,</span> tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tathā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Dhammesu cakkhu</span>nti catusaccadhammesu tesaṃ dassanaṭṭhena cakkhu. <span class="bld">Aññesu ṭhānesū</span>ti aññesu suttapadesu. <span class="bld">Muccissatī</span>ti saṭṭhi vassasahassāni paccitvā lohakumbhī narakato muccissati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadi anantare attabhāve narake paccati, imaṃ pana suttaṃ sutvā rañño ko ānisaṃso laddhoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘mahānisaṃso’’</span>tiādi. So pana ānisaṃso niddālābhasīsena vutto tadā kāyikacetasikadukkhāpagamo, tiṇṇaṃ ratanānaṃ mahāsakkārakiriyā, sātisayo pothujjanikasaddhāpaṭilābhoti evaṃpakāro diṭṭhadhammiko, samparāyiko pana aparāparesupi bhavesu aparimāṇo yevāti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Etthāha – yadi rañño kammantarāyābhāve tasmiṃyeva āsane dhammacakkhu uppajjissati, kathaṃ anāgate paccekabuddho hutvā parinibbāyissati. Atha <a name="P1.0371"></a> paccekabuddho hutvā parinibbāyissati, kathaṃ tadā dhammacakkhuṃ uppajjissati, nanu ime sāvakabodhipaccekabodhiupanissayā bhinnanissayāti? Nāyaṃ virodho ito parato evassa paccekabodhisambhārānaṃ sambharaṇīyato. Sāvakabodhiyā bujjhanakasattāpi hi asati tassā samavāye kālantare paccekabodhiyā bujjhissanti katābhinīhārasambhavato. Apare pana bhaṇanti ‘‘paccekabodhiyā yevāyaṃ katābhinīhāro. Katābhinīhārāpi hi tattha niyatiṃ appattā tassa ñāṇassa paripākaṃ anupagatattā satthu sammukhībhāve sāvakabodhiṃ pāpuṇissantīti bhagavā ‘sacāyaṃ bhikkhave rājā’tiādimāha. Mahābodhisattānameva ca ānantariyaparimutti, na itarabodhisattānaṃ. Tathā hi paccekabodhiyaṃ niyato samāno devadatto cirakālasambhūtena lokanāthe āghātena garutarāni ānantariyāni pasavi, tasmā kammantarāyenāyaṃ idāni asamavetadassanābhisamayo rājā paccekabodhiniyāmena anāgate paccekabuddho hutvā parinibbāyissatī’’ti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Sāmaññaphalasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā.</p>
<p class="chapter"><a name="dn1_3"></a>3. Ambaṭṭhasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">Addhānagamanavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para254"></a><a name="para254_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">254</span>. <span class="bld">Apubbapadavaṇṇanā</span>ti <a name="V1.0253"></a><a name="M1.0286"></a><a name="P1.0372"></a> atthasaṃvaṇṇanāvasena heṭṭhā aggahitatāya apubbassa padassa vaṇṇanā atthavibhajanā. ‘‘Hitvā punappunāgatamattha’’nti (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 1.ganthārambhakathā) hi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Janapadino</span>ti janapadavanto, janapadassa vā issarā <span class="bld">rājakumārā gottavasena kosalā nāma.</span> Yadi eko janapado, kathaṃ bahuvacananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘rūḷhisaddenā’’</span>ti. Akkharacintakā hi īdisesu ṭhānesu yutte viya īdisaliṅgavacanāni icchanti, ayamettha rūḷhi yathā aññatthapi ‘‘kurūsu viharati, aṅgesu viharatī’’ti ca. Tabbisesanepi <span class="bld">janapada</span>-sadde jāti-sadde ekavacanameva. <span class="bld">Porāṇā panā</span>ti <span class="bld">pana</span>-saddo visesatthajotano, tena puthuatthavisayatāya evañcetaṃ puthuvacananti vakkhamānavisesaṃ joteti. Bahuppabhedo hi so padeso tiyojanasataparimāṇatāya. <span class="bld">Naṅgalānipi chaḍḍetvā</span>ti kammappahānavasena naṅgalānipi pahāya, nidassanamattañcetaṃ. Na kevalaṃ kassakā eva, atha kho aññepi manussā attano attano kiccaṃ pahāya tattha sannipatiṃsu. <span class="bld">‘‘So padeso’’</span>ti padesasāmaññato vuttaṃ, vacanavipallāsena vā, te padesāti attho. <span class="bld">Kosalāti vuccati</span> kusalā eva kosalāti katvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cārika</span>nti caraṇaṃ, caraṇaṃ vā cāro, so eva cārikā. Tayidaṃ maggagamanaṃ idhādhippetaṃ, na cuṇṇikagamanamattanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘addhānagamanaṃ gacchanto’’</span>ti. Taṃ vibhāgena dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘cārikā ca nāmesā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">dūrepī</span>ti nātidūrepi. <span class="bld">Sahasā gamana</span>nti <a name="P1.0373"></a> sīghagamanaṃ. Mahākassapapaccuggamanādiṃ ekadesena vatvā vanavāsītissasāmaṇerassa vatthuṃ vitthāretvā janapadacārikaṃ kathetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘bhagavā hī’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Ākāsagāmīhi eva saddhiṃ gantukāmo <span class="bld">‘‘chaḷabhiññānaṃ ārocehī’’</span>ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Saṅghakammavasena <a name="V1.0254"></a><a name="M1.0287"></a> sijjhamānāpi upasampadā satthu āṇāvaseneva sijjhanato <span class="bld">‘‘buddhadāyajjaṃ te dassāmī’’</span>ti vuttanti vadanti. Apare pana aparipuṇṇavīsativassasseva tassa upasampadaṃ anujānanto <span class="bld">‘‘dassāmī’’</span>ti avocāti vadanti. <span class="bld">Upasampādetvā</span>ti dhammasenāpatinā upajjhāyena upasampādetvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Navayojanasatikampi ṭhānaṃ majjhimadesapariyāpannameva, tato paraṃ nādhippetaṃ turitacārikāvasena agamanato. <span class="bld">Samantā</span>ti gatagataṭṭhānassa catūsu passesu samantato. <span class="bld">Aññenapi kāraṇenā</span>ti bhikkhūnaṃ samathavipassanātaruṇabhāvato aññenapi <span class="bld">majjhimamaṇḍale </span>veneyyānaṃ ñāṇaparipākādikāraṇena majjhimamaṇḍalaṃ <span class="bld">osarati.</span> <span class="bld">‘‘Sattahi vā’’</span>tiādi ‘‘ekamāsaṃ vā’’tiādinā vuttānukkamena yojetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sarīraphāsukatthāyā</span>ti ekasmiṃyeva ṭhāne nibaddhavāsavasena ussannadhātukassa sarīrassa vicaraṇena phāsukatthāya. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhuppattikālābhikaṅkhanatthāyā</span>ti <span class="bld">aggikkhandhopamasutta</span> (a. ni. 7.72) <span class="bld">maghadevajātakā</span>di (jā. 1.1.9) desanānaṃ viya dhammadesanāya aṭṭhuppattikālaṃ ākaṅkhamānena. Surāpānasikkhāpadapaññāpane (pāci. 328) viya <span class="bld">sikkhāpadapaññāpanatthāya. Bodhaneyyasatte</span> aṅgulimālādike (ma. ni. 2.347) <span class="bld">bodhanatthāya.</span> Kañci, katipaye vā puggale uddissa cārikā <span class="bld">nibaddhacārikā.</span> Tadaññā <span class="bld">anibaddhacārikā.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dasasahassi lokadhātuyā</span>ti <a name="P1.0374"></a> jātikhettabhūte dasasahassacakkavāḷe. Tattha hi satte paripakkindriye passituṃ buddhañāṇaṃ abhinīharitvā ṭhito bhagavā ñāṇajālaṃ pattharatīti vuccati. <span class="bld">Sabbaññutaññāṇajālassa anto paviṭṭho</span>ti tassa ñāṇassa gocarabhāvaṃ upagato. Bhagavā kira mahākaruṇāsamāpattiṃ samāpajjitvā tato vuṭṭhāya ‘‘ye sattā bhabbā paripākañāṇā ajja mayā vinetabbā, te mayhaṃ ñāṇassa upaṭṭhahantū’’ti cittaṃ adhiṭṭhāya samannāharati. Tassa saha samannāhārā eko vā dve vā bahū vā tadā vinayūpagā veneyyā ñāṇassa āpāthamāgacchanti ayamettha buddhānubhāvo. Evampi āpāthamāgatānaṃ pana nesaṃ upanissayaṃ pubbacariyaṃ pubbahetuṃ sampati vattamānañca paṭipattiṃ <a name="M1.0288"></a> oloketi, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘atha bhagavā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Vādapaṭivādaṃ katvā</span>ti ‘‘evaṃ nu te ambaṭṭhā’’tiādinā mayā vuttavacanassa ‘‘ye ca kho te bho gotama muṇḍakā samaṇakā’’tiādinā paṭivacanaṃ katvā tikkhattuṃ ibbhavādanipātanavasena <span class="bld">nānappakāraṃ asambhivākyaṃ</span> sādhusabhāvāya vācāya vattuṃ ayuttavacanaṃ <span class="bld">vakkhati. Nibbisevana</span>nti vigatatudanaṃ, mānadabbavasena apagataparipphandananti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Avasaritabba</span>nti <a name="V1.0255"></a> upagantabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Icchānaṅgale</span>ti idaṃ tadā bhagavato gocaragāmanidassanaṃ samīpatthe bhummanti katvā. <span class="bld">‘‘Icchānaṅgalavanasaṇḍe’’</span>ti nivāsanaṭṭhānadassanaṃ adhikaraṇe bhummanti. Tadubhayaṃ vivaranto <span class="bld">‘‘icchānaṅgalaṃ upanissāyā’’</span>tiādimāha. Dhammarājassa bhagavato sabbaso adhammaniggaṇhanaparā paṭipatti, sā ca sīlasamādhipaññāvasenāti taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sīlakhandhāvāra’’</span>ntiādi <a name="P1.0375"></a> vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Yathābhirucitenā</span>ti dibbavihārādīsu yena yena attano abhirucitena vihārena.</p>
<p class="subhead">Pokkharasātivatthuvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para255"></a><a name="para255_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">255</span>. <span class="bld">Mante</span>ti irubbedādimantasatthe. Pokkhare kamale sayamāno nisīdīti <span class="bld">pokkharasātī.</span> Sāti vuccati samasaṇṭhānaṃ, pokkhare saṇṭhānāvayave jātoti <span class="bld">‘‘pokkharasātī’’</span>tipi vuccati. <span class="bld">Setapokkharasadiso</span>ti setapadumavaṇṇo. <span class="bld">Suvaṭṭitā</span>ti vaṭṭabhāvassa yuttaṭṭhāne suṭṭhu vaṭṭulā. Kāḷavaṅgatilakādīnaṃ abhāvena <span class="bld">suparisuddhā.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext">Imassa brāhmaṇassa kīdiso pubbayogo, yena naṃ bhagavā anuggaṇhituṃ taṃ ṭhānaṃ upagatoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ayaṃ panā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Padumagabbhe nibbatti</span> tenāyaṃ saṃsedajo jāto. <span class="bld">Na pupphatī</span>ti na vikasati. <span class="bld">Rajatabimbaka</span>nti rūpiyamayaṃ rūpakaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ajjhāvasatī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">adhi</span>-saddo issariyatthadīpano, <span class="bld">ā</span>saddo mariyādatthoti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘abhibhavitvā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tehi yuttattā hi <span class="bld">ukkaṭṭha</span>nti upayogavacanaṃ, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘upasaggavasenā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Yāya mariyādāyā</span>ti <span class="bld">yāya avatthāya.</span> <span class="bld">Nagarassa vatthu</span>nti ‘‘ayaṃ khaṇo, sumuhuttaṃ mā atikkamī’’ti rattivibhāyanaṃ anurakkhantā rattiyaṃ ukkā <a name="M1.0289"></a> ṭhapetvā ukkāsu jalamānāsu nagarassa vatthuṃ aggahesuṃ, tasmā ukkāsu ṭhitāti <span class="bld">ukkaṭṭhā,</span> ukkāsu vijjotayantīsu ṭhitā patiṭṭhitāti mūlavibhujādipakkhepena saddasiddhi veditabbā, niruttinayena vā ukkāsu ṭhitāsu ṭhitā āsīti <span class="bld">ukkaṭṭhā.</span> Apare pana bhaṇanti ‘‘bhūmibhāgasampattiyā, upakaraṇasampattiyā, manussasampattiyā ca taṃ nagaraṃ ukkaṭṭhaguṇayogato <span class="bld">ukkaṭṭhā</span>ti nāmaṃ labhī’’ti<a name="P1.0376"></a>. <span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti ‘‘ukkaṭṭha’’nti upayogavasena vuttapadassa. <span class="bld">Anupayogattā</span>ti visesanabhāvena anupayuttattā. <span class="bld">Sesapadesū</span>ti ‘‘sattussada’’ntiādipadesu. Yathāvidhi hi anupayogo purimasmiṃ. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti ‘‘upasaggavasenā’’tiādinā vuttavidhāne. <span class="bld">‘‘Saddasatthato pariyesitabba’’</span>nti etena saddalakkhaṇānugato <a name="V1.0256"></a> vāyaṃ saddappayogoti dasseti. Upaanuadhiāitievaṃpubbake vasanakiriyāṭhāne upayogavacanameva pāpuṇātīti saddavidū icchanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ussadatā nāmettha bahulatāti, taṃ bahulataṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘bahujana’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Gahetvā posetabbaṃ <span class="bld">posāvaniyaṃ. Āvijjhitvā</span>ti parikkhipitvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Raññā viya bhuñjitabbanti vā <span class="bld">rājabhoggaṃ. Rañño dāyabhūta</span>nti kulaparamparāya yogyabhāvena rājato laddhadāyabhūtaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘dāyajjanti attho’’</span>ti. Rājanīhārena paribhuñjitabbato uddhaṃ paribhogalābhassa seṭṭhadeyyatā nāma natthīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘chattaṃ ussāpetvā rājasaṅkhepena bhuñjitabba’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">‘‘Sabbaṃ chejjabhejja’’</span>nti sarīradaṇḍadhanadaṇḍādi bhedaṃ sabbaṃ daṇḍamāha. <span class="bld">Nadītitthapabbatādīsū</span>ti nadītitthapabbatapādagāmadvāraaṭavimukhādīsu. ‘‘Rājadāya’’nti imināva rañño dinnabhāve siddhe <span class="bld">‘‘raññā pasenadinā kosalena dinna’’</span>nti vacanaṃ kimatthiyanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘dāyakarājadīpanattha’’</span>ntiādi<a name="P1.0377"></a>. <span class="bld">Nissaṭṭhapariccatta</span>nti muttacāgavasena pariccattaṃ katvā. Evañhi taṃ seṭṭhadeyyaṃ uttamadeyyaṃ jātaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upalabhī</span>ti savanavasena upalabhīti imamatthaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘sotadvāra…pe… aññāsī’’</span>ti āha. Avadhāraṇaphalattā sabbampi vākyaṃ antogadhāvadhāraṇanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘padapūraṇamatte nipāto’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">‘‘Avadhāraṇatthe’’</span>ti pana iminā iṭṭhatovadhāraṇatthaṃ <span class="bld">kho</span>-saddaggahaṇanti dasseti<a name="M1.0290"></a>. <span class="bld">‘‘Assosī’’</span>ti padaṃ kho-sadde gahite tena phullitamaṇḍitaṃ viya hontaṃ pūritaṃ nāma hoti, tena ca purimapacchimapadāni siliṭṭhāni honti, na tasmiṃ aggahiteti āha <span class="bld">‘‘padapūraṇena byañjanasiliṭṭhatāmattamevā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Matta</span>-saddo visesanivattiattho, tenassa anatthantaradīpanatā dassitā hoti, <span class="bld">eva</span>-saddena pana byañjanasiliṭṭhatāya ekantikatā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samitapāpattā</span>ti accantaṃ anavasesato savāsanaṃ samitapāpattā. Evañhi bāhirakavirāgasekkhāsekkhapāpasamanato bhagavato pāpasamanaṃ visesitaṃ hoti, tenāha <span class="bld">vuttañheta</span>ntiādi. Anekatthattā nipātānaṃ idha anussavattho adhippetoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘khalūti anussavatthe nipāto’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ālapanamatta</span>nti piyālāpavacanamattaṃ. Piyasamudāhāro hete ‘‘bho’’ti vā ‘‘āvuso’’ti vā ‘‘devānaṃ piyā’’ti vā. <span class="bld">Gottavasenā</span>ti ettha gaṃ tāyatīti gottaṃ. Gotamoti hi pavattamānaṃ vacanaṃ, buddhiñca tāyati ekaṃsikavisayatāya rakkhatīti gottaṃ. Yathā hi buddhi ārammaṇabhūtena <a name="P1.0378"></a> atthena vinā na vattati, evaṃ abhidhānaṃ abhidheyyabhūtena, tasmā <a name="V1.0257"></a> so gottasaṅkhāto attho tāni tāyati rakkhatīti vuccati. Ko pana soti? Aññakulaparamparāsādhāraṇaṃ tassa kulassa ādipurisasamudāgataṃ taṃkulapariyāpannasādhāraṇaṃ sāmaññarūpanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Ettha ca <span class="bld">‘‘samaṇo’’</span>ti iminā sarikkhakajanehi bhagavato bahumatabhāvo dassito samitapāpatākittanato. <span class="bld">‘‘Gotamo’’</span>ti iminā lokiyajanehi uḷārakulasambhūtatādīpanato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uccākulaparidīpanaṃ</span> uditoditavipulakhattiyakulavibhāvanato. Sabbakhattiyānañhi ādibhūtamahāsammatamahārājato paṭṭhāya asambhinnaṃ uḷāratamaṃ sakyarājakulaṃ. <span class="bld">Kenaci pārijuññenā</span>ti ñātipārijuññabhogapārijuññādinā kenaci pārijuññena pārihāniyā. <span class="bld">Anabhibhūto</span> anajjhotthato. Tathā hi tassa kulassa na kiñci pārijuññaṃ lokanāthassa abhijātiyaṃ, atha kho vaḍḍhiyeva. Abhinikkhamane ca tatopi samiddhatamabhāvo loke pākaṭo paññāto. Iti <span class="bld">‘‘sakyakulā pabbajito’’</span>ti idaṃ vacanaṃ bhagavato saddhāpabbajitabhāvadīpanaṃ vuttaṃ mahantaṃ ñātiparivaṭṭaṃ, mahantañca bhogakkhandhaṃ pahāya pabbajitabhāvasiddhito. <span class="bld">Sundara</span>nti bhaddakaṃ. Bhaddakatā ca passantassa hitasukhāvahabhāvena veditabbāti āha <a name="M1.0291"></a> <span class="bld">atthāvahaṃ sukhāvaha</span>nti. Tattha <span class="bld">atthāvaha</span>nti diṭṭhadhammikasamparāyikaparamatthasaṃhitahitāvahaṃ. <span class="bld">Sukhāvaha</span>nti yathāvuttatividhasukhāvahaṃ. <span class="bld">Tathārūpāna</span>nti tādisānaṃ. Yādisehi pana guṇehi bhagavā samannāgato, tehi catuppamāṇikassa lokassa sabbathāpi accantāya saddhāya pasādanīyo tesaṃ yathābhūtasabhāvattāti dassento <span class="bld">yathārūpo</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">yathābhūtaṃ…pe…</span> <a name="P1.0379"></a> <span class="bld">arahata</span>nti iminā dhammappamāṇānaṃ, lūkhappamāṇānañca sattānaṃ bhagavato pasādāvahataṃ dasseti. Taṃ dassaneneva ca itaresampi atthato pasādāvahatā dassitā hotīti daṭṭhabbaṃ tadavinābhāvato. <span class="bld">Dassanamattampi sādhu hotī</span>ti ettha kosiyasakuṇavatthuṃ (ma. ni. aṭṭha. 1.144; khu. pā. aṭṭha. 10) kathetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Ambaṭṭhamāṇavakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para256"></a><a name="para256_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">256</span>. <span class="bld">Mante parivattetī</span>ti vede sajjhāyati, pariyāpuṇātīti attho. <span class="bld">Mante dhāretī</span>ti yathāadhīte mante asammuṭṭhe katvā hadaye ṭhapeti oṭṭhapahatakaraṇavasena, na atthavibhāvanavasena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sanighaṇḍukeṭubhāna</span>nti ettha vacanīyavācakabhāvena atthaṃ saddañca nikhaḍati bhindati vibhajja dassetīti nikhaṇḍu, sā eva idha kha-kārassa gha-kāraṃ katvā ‘‘nighaṇḍū’’ti vutto. Kiṭayati <a name="V1.0258"></a> gameti ñāpeti kiriyādivibhāgaṃ, taṃ vā anavasesapariyādānato gamento pūretīti keṭubhaṃ. <span class="bld">Vevacanappakāsaka</span>nti pariyāyasaddadīpakaṃ, ekekassa atthassa anekapariyāyavacanavibhāvakanti attho. Nidassanamattañcetaṃ anekesampi atthānaṃ ekasaddavacanīyatāvibhāvanavasenapi tassa ganthassa pavattattā. Vacībhedādilakkhaṇā kiriyā kappīyati etenāti <span class="bld">kiriyākappo,</span> so pana vaṇṇapadasambandhapadatthādivibhāgato bahuvikappoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kiriyākappavikappo’’</span>ti. Idañca mūlakiriyākappaganthaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. So hi satasahassaparimāṇo nayacariyādipakaraṇaṃ. Ṭhānakaraṇādivibhāgato<a name="P1.0380"></a>, nibbacanavibhāgato ca akkharā pabhedīyanti etehīti <span class="bld">akkharappabhedā,</span> sikkhāniruttiyo. <span class="bld">Etesa</span>nti vedānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Te <a name="M1.0292"></a> eva vede padaso kāyatīti <span class="bld">padako.</span> Taṃ taṃ saddaṃ tadatthañca byākaroti byācikkhati etenāti <span class="bld">byākaraṇaṃ,</span> saddasatthaṃ. Āyatiṃ hitaṃ tena loko na yatati na īhatīti <span class="bld">lokāyataṃ.</span> Tañhi ganthaṃ nissāya sattā puññakiriyāya cittampi na uppādenti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vayatīti <span class="bld">vayo,</span> ādimajjhapariyosānesu katthaci aparikilamanto avitthāyanto te ganthe sandhāreti pūretīti attho. Dve paṭisedhā pakatiṃ gamentīti dassento ‘‘avayo na hotī’’ti vatvā tattha avayaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘avayo nāma…pe… na sakkotī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Anuññāto’’</span>ti padassa kammasādhanavasena, ‘‘paṭiññāto’’ti pana padassa kattusādhanavasena attho veditabboti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘ācariyenā’’</span>tiādimāha. Ācariyaparamparābhataṃ <span class="bld">ācariyakaṃ. Garū</span>ti bhāriyaṃ attānaṃ tato mocetvā gamanaṃ dukkaraṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Anatthopi uppajjati</span> nindābyārosaupārambhādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para257"></a><a name="para257_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">257</span>. ‘‘Abbhuggato’’ti ettha abhisaddayogena <span class="bld">itthambhūtākhyānatthavaseneva upayogavacanaṃ.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para258"></a><a name="para258_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">258</span>. <span class="bld">Lakkhaṇānī</span>ti lakkhaṇadīpanāni mantapadāni. <span class="bld">Antaradhāyantī</span>ti na kevalaṃ lakkhaṇamantāniyeva, atha kho aññānipi brāhmaṇānaṃ ñāṇabalābhāvena anukkamena antaradhāyanti. Tathā hi vadanti ‘‘ekasataṃ addhariyaṃ sākhā sahassavattako sāmā’’tiādi. <span class="bld">Paṇidhi</span> <a name="P1.0381"></a> <span class="bld">…pe… mahato</span>ti ettha paṇidhimahato samādānamahatoti ādinā paccekaṃ mahanta-saddo yojetabbo. Paṇidhimahantatādi cassa buddhavaṃsacariyāpiṭakavaṇṇanādivasena veditabbo. <span class="bld">Niṭṭhā</span>ti nipphattiyo. <span class="bld">Bhavabhede</span>ti bhavavisese. Ito ca etto ca byāpetvā ṭhitatā <span class="bld">visaṭabhāvo.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Jātisāmaññato</span>ti lakkhaṇajātiyā lakkhaṇabhāvamattena samānabhāvato. Yathā hi buddhānaṃ lakkhaṇāni <a name="V1.0259"></a> suvisadāni, suparibyattāni, paripuṇṇāni ca honti, na evaṃ cakkavattīnaṃ, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘na teheva buddho hotī’’</span>ti. Abhirūpatā, dīghāyukatā, appātaṅkatā, brāhmaṇādīnaṃ piyamanāpatāti imehi <span class="bld">catūhi</span> acchariyasabhāvehi. Dānaṃ, piyavacanaṃ, atthacariyā, samānattatāti <a name="M1.0293"></a> imehi <span class="bld">catūhi saṅgahavatthūhi. Rañjanato</span>ti pītijananato. Cakkaṃ cakkaratanaṃ vatteti pavattetīti <span class="bld">cakkavattī.</span> Sampatticakkehi sayaṃ vattati, tehi ca paraṃ sattanikāyaṃ vatteti pavattetīti <span class="bld">cakkavattī.</span> Parahitāvaho iriyāpathacakkānaṃ vatto vattanaṃ etassa, etthāti vā <span class="bld">cakkavattī.</span> Appaṭihataṃ vā āṇāsaṅkhātaṃ cakkaṃ vattetīti <span class="bld">cakkavattī.</span> Khattiyamaṇḍalādisaññitaṃ cakkaṃ samūhaṃ attano vase vattetīti <span class="bld">cakkavattī</span> cakkavattivattasaṅkhātaṃ dhammaṃ carati, cakkavattivattasaṅkhāto dhammo etasmiṃ atthīti vā <span class="bld">dhammiko.</span> Dhammato anapetattā dhammo rañjanaṭṭhena rājāti <span class="bld">dhammarājā.</span> ‘‘Rājā hoti cakkavattī’’ti vuttattā <span class="bld">‘‘cāturanto’’</span>ti padaṃ catudīpissarataṃ vibhāvetīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘catusamuddaantāyā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha ‘‘catuddīpavibhūsitāyā’’ti avatvā ‘‘catubbidhā’’ti <span class="bld">vidha</span>ggahaṇaṃ taṃtaṃparittadīpānampi saṅgahatthanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Kopādī</span>ti <a name="P1.0382"></a> <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena kāmamohamānamadādike saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Vijitāvī</span>ti vijitavā. Kenaci akampiyaṭṭhena janapade thāvariyappatto, daḷhabhattibhāvato vā, janapado thāvariyaṃ patto etthāti <span class="bld">janapadatthāvariyappatto.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext">Cittīkatabhāvādināpi (khu. pā. aṭṭha. 3; dī. ni. aṭṭha. 2.33; su. ni. aṭṭha. 1.226; mahāni. aṭṭha. 50) cakkassa ratanaṭṭho veditabbo. Esa nayo sesesupi. Ratinimittatāya vā cittīkatādibhāvassa ratijananaṭṭhena ekasaṅgahatāya visuṃ aggahaṇaṃ. Imehi pana ratanehi rājā cakkavattī yaṃ yamatthaṃ paccanubhoti, taṃ taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘imesu panā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ajitaṃ jināti </span>mahesakkhatāsaṃvattaniyakammanissandabhāvato. <span class="bld">Vijite yathāsukhaṃ anuvicarati</span> hatthiratanaṃ assaratanañca abhiruhitvā tesaṃ ānubhāvena antopātarāseyeva samuddapariyantaṃ pathaviṃ anusaṃyāyitvā rājadhānimeva paccāgamanato. <span class="bld">Pariṇāyakaratanena vijitamanurakkhati</span> tena tattha tattha kātabbakiccassa saṃvidhānato. <span class="bld">Avasesehī</span>ti maṇiratanaitthiratanagahapatiratanehi. Tattha maṇiratanena yojanappamāṇe padese andhakāraṃ vidhamitvā ālokadassanādinā sukhamanubhavati, itthiratanena atikkantamānusakarūpasampattidassanādivasena, gahapatiratanena icchiticchitamaṇikanakarajatādidhanapaṭilābhavasena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ussāhasattiyogo</span> <a name="M1.0294"></a> tena kenaci appaṭihatāṇācakkabhāvasiddhito <span class="bld">pacchimenā</span>ti pariṇāyakaratanena. Tañhi sabbarājakiccesu kusalaṃ avirajjhanayogaṃ, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘mantasattiyogo’’</span>ti<a name="V1.0260"></a>. Hatthiassaratanānaṃ mahānubhāvatāya kosasampattiyāpi pabhāvasampattisiddhito <a name="P1.0383"></a> <span class="bld">‘‘hatthi…pe… yogo’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. (Koso hi nāma sati ussāhasampattiyaṃ duggaṃ tejaṃ kusumoraṃ parakkamaṃ pabbatomukhaṃ amosapaharaṇaṃ) tividhasattiyogaphalaṃ paripuṇṇaṃ hotīti sambandho. <span class="bld">Sesehī</span>ti sesehi pañcahi ratanehi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Adosakusalamūlajanitakammānubhāvenā</span>ti adosasaṅkhātena kusalamūlena sahajātādipaccayavasena uppāditakammassa ānubhāvena <span class="bld">sampajjanti</span> sommatararatanajātikattā. <span class="bld">Majjhimāni</span> maṇiitthigahapatiratanāni. <span class="bld">Alobha…pe… kammānubhāvena</span> sampajjanti <span class="bld">uḷārassa dhanassa,</span> uḷāradhanapaṭilābhakāraṇassa ca pariccāgasampadāhetukattā. <span class="bld">Pacchima</span>nti pariṇāyakaratanaṃ. Tañhi <span class="bld">amoha…pe… kammānubhāvena sampajjati</span> mahāpaññeneva cakkavattirājakiccassa pariṇetabbattā. <span class="bld">Upadeso</span> nāma savisesaṃ sattannaṃ ratanānaṃ vicāraṇavasena pavatto kathābandho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Saraṇato paṭipakkhavidhamanato <span class="bld">sūrā,</span> tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘abhīrukajātikā’’</span>ti. Asure vijinitvā ṭhitattā vīro, sakko devānaṃ indo. Tassa aṅgaṃ devaputto senaṅgabhāvatoti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vīraṅgarūpāti devaputtasadisakāyā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">‘‘Eke’’</span>ti sārasamāsācariyamāha. <span class="bld">Sabhāvo</span>ti sabhāvabhūto attho. <span class="bld">Vīrakāraṇa</span>nti vīrabhāvakāraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Vīriyamayasarīrā viyā</span>ti saviggahavīriyasadisā, saviggahaṃ ce vīriyaṃ siyā taṃsadisāti attho. Nanu rañño cakkavattissa paṭisenā nāma natthi, ya’massa puttā pamaddeyyuṃ, atha kasmā parasenappamaddanāti vuttanti codanaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">sace</span>tiādi, tena parasenā hotu vā mā vā te pana evaṃ mahānubhāvāti dasseti. <span class="bld">Dhammenā</span>ti katupacitena attano puññadhammena. Tena <a name="P1.0384"></a> hi sañcoditā pathaviyaṃ sabbarājāno paccuggantvā ‘‘svāgataṃ te mahārājā’’ti ādiṃ vatvā attano rajjaṃ rañño cakkavattissa niyyātenti, tena vuttaṃ ‘‘so imaṃ…pe… ajjhāvasatī’’ti. Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ <a name="M1.0295"></a> pana tassa yathāvuttassa dhammassa cirataraṃ vipaccituṃ paccayabhūtaṃ cakkavattivattasamudāgataṃ payogasampattisaṅkhātaṃ dhammaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pāṇo na hantabbotiādinā pañcasīladhammenā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Evañhi ‘‘adaṇḍena asatthenā’’ti idaṃ vacanaṃ suṭṭhutaraṃ samatthitaṃ hotīti. Yasmā rāgādayo pāpadhammā uppajjamānā sattasantānaṃ chādetvā pariyonandhitvā tiṭṭhanti kusalappavattiṃ nivārenti, tasmā te ‘‘chadanā, chadā’’ti ca vuttā. <span class="bld">Vivaṭetvā</span>ti vigametvā. <span class="bld">Pūjārahatā vuttā</span> ‘‘arahatīti araha’’nti. <span class="bld">Tassā</span> pūjārahatāya. <span class="bld">Yasmā sammāsambuddho,</span> tasmā arahanti. <span class="bld">Buddhattahetubhūtā vivaṭṭacchadatā vuttā</span> savāsanasabbakilesappahānapubbakattā buddhabhāvassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Arahaṃ</span> <a name="V1.0261"></a> <span class="bld">vaṭṭābhāvenā</span>ti phalena hetuanumānadassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Sammāsambuddho chadanābhāvenā</span>ti hetunā phalānumānadassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Hetudvayaṃ vuttaṃ</span> ‘‘vivaṭṭo vicchado cā’’ti. <span class="bld">Dutiyena vesārajjenā</span>ti ‘‘khīṇāsavassa te paṭijānato’’tiādinā vuttena vesārajjena. <span class="bld">Purimasiddhī</span>ti purimassa padassa atthasiddhīti attho. <span class="bld">Paṭhamenā</span>ti ‘‘sammāsambuddhassa <a name="P1.0385"></a> te paṭijānato’’tiādinā (ma. ni. 1.150; a. ni. 4.8) vuttena vesārajjena. <span class="bld">Dutiyasiddhī</span>ti dutiyassa padassa atthasiddhi, buddhatthasiddhīti attho. <span class="bld">Tatiyacatutthehī</span>ti ‘‘ye kho pana te antarāyikā dhammā’’tiādinā, (ma. ni. 1.150; a. ni. 4.8) ‘‘yassa kho pana te atthāyā’’tiādinā (ma. ni. 1.150; a. ni. 4.8) ca vuttehi tatiyacatutthehi vesārajjehi. <span class="bld">Tatiyasiddhī</span>ti vivaṭṭacchadanatāsiddhi yāthāvato antarāyikaniyyānikadhammāpadesena hi satthu vivaṭṭacchadanabhāvo loke pākaṭo ahosi. <span class="bld">Purimaṃ dhammacakkhu</span>nti purimapadaṃ bhagavato dhammacakkhuṃ <span class="bld">sādheti</span> kilesārīnaṃ, saṃsāracakkassa ca arānaṃ hatabhāvadīpanato. <span class="bld">Dutiyaṃ padaṃ buddhacakkhuṃ sādheti</span> sammāsambuddhasseva taṃsabbhāvato. <span class="bld">Tatiyaṃ padaṃ samantacakkhuṃ sādheti</span> savāsanasabbakilesappahānadīpanato. ‘‘Sammāsambuddho’’ti hi vatvā ‘‘vivaṭṭacchado’’ti vacanaṃ buddhabhāvāvahameva sabbakilesappahānaṃ vibhāveti. <span class="bld">‘‘Sūrabhāva’’</span>nti lakkhaṇavibhāvane visadañāṇataṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para259"></a><a name="para259_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">259</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="M1.0296"></a> <span class="bld">bho</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">eva</span>nti vacanasampaṭicchane nipāto. Vacanasampaṭicchanañcettha ‘‘tathā mayaṃ taṃ bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ vedissāma, tvaṃ mantānaṃ paṭiggahetā’’ti ca evaṃ pavattassa pokkharasātino vacanassa sampaṭiggahoti āha. <span class="bld">‘‘Sopi tāyā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">tāyā</span>ti tāya yathāvuttāya samuttejanāya. <span class="bld">Ayānabhūmi</span>nti <a name="P1.0386"></a> yānassa abhūmiṃ. <span class="bld">Divāpadhānikā</span>ti divāpadhānānuyuñjanakā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para260"></a><a name="para260_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">260</span>. Yadipi pubbe ambaṭṭhakulaṃ appaññātaṃ, tadā pana paññāyatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tadā kirā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Aturito</span>ti avegāyanto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para261"></a><a name="para261_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">261</span>. <span class="bld">Yathā khamanīyādīni pucchanto</span>ti yathā bhagavā ‘‘kacci vo māṇavā khamanīyaṃ, kacci yāpanīya’’ntiādinā khamanīyādīni pucchanto tehi māṇavehi saddhiṃ paṭhamaṃ pavattamodo ahosi pubbabhāsitāya tadanukaraṇena evaṃ tepi māṇavā bhagavatā saddhiṃ samappavattamodā ahesunti yojanā. Taṃ pana samappavattamodataṃ upamāya dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sītodakaṃ viyā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">sammodita</span>nti saṃsanditaṃ. <span class="bld">Ekībhāva</span>nti sammodanakiriyāya samānataṃ<a name="V1.0262"></a>. <span class="bld">Khamanīya</span>nti ‘‘idaṃ catucakkaṃ navadvāraṃ sarīrayantaṃ dukkhabahulatāya sabhāvato dussahaṃ kacci khamituṃ sakkuṇeyya’’nti pucchanti, <span class="bld">yāpanīya</span>nti āhārādipaccayapaṭibaddhavuttikaṃ cirappabandhasaṅkhātāya yāpanāya kacci yāpetuṃ sakkuṇeyyaṃ. Sīsarogādiābādhābhāvena <span class="bld">kacci appābādhaṃ,</span> dukkhajīvikābhāvena <span class="bld">kacci appātaṅkaṃ,</span> taṃtaṃkiccakaraṇe uṭṭhānasukhatāya <span class="bld">kacci lahuṭṭhānaṃ,</span> tadanurūpabalayogato <span class="bld">kacci balaṃ,</span> sukhavihārasabbhāvena <span class="bld">kacci phāsuvihāro</span> atthīti sabbattha kacci-saddaṃ yojetvā attho veditabbo. Balappattā pīti <span class="bld">pīti</span>yeva. Taruṇapīti <span class="bld">pāmojjaṃ.</span> Sammodanaṃ janeti karotīti sammodanikaṃ tadeva <span class="bld">sammodanīyaṃ.</span> Sammoditabbato <span class="bld">sammodanīya</span>nti idaṃ pana atthaṃ dassetuṃ vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sammodituṃ yuttabhāvato’’</span>ti. Saritabbabhāvato anussaritabbabhāvato ‘‘saraṇīya’’nti vattabbe <span class="bld">‘‘sāraṇīya’’</span>nti dīghaṃ katvā vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Suyyamānasukhato’’</span>ti āpāthamadhuratamāha, <span class="bld">‘‘anussariyamānasukhato’’</span>ti vimaddaramaṇīyataṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Byañjanaparisuddhatāyā’’</span>ti sabhāvaniruttibhāvena <a name="P1.0387"></a> tassā kathāya vacanacāturiyamāha, <span class="bld">‘‘atthaparisuddhatāyā’’</span>ti atthassa nirupakkilesataṃ. <span class="bld">Anekehi pariyāyehī</span>ti anekehi kāraṇehi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Apasādessāmī</span>ti <a name="M1.0297"></a> maṅkuṃ karissāmi. <span class="bld">Kaṇṭhe olambetvā</span>ti ubhosu khandhesu sāṭakaṃ āsajjetvā kaṇṭhe olambitvā. <span class="bld">Dussakaṇṇaṃ gahetvā</span>ti nivatthasāṭakassa dasākoṭiṃ ekena hatthena gahetvā. <span class="bld">Caṅkamaṃ abhiruhitvā</span>ti caṅkamituṃ ārabhitvā. <span class="bld">Dhātusamatā</span>ti rasādidhātūnaṃ samāvatthatā, arogatāti attho. <span class="bld">Anācārabhāvasāraṇīya</span>nti anācārabhāvena saraṇīyaṃ. ‘‘Anācāro vatāya’’nti saritabbakaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para262"></a><a name="para262_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">262</span>. <span class="bld">‘‘Bhavaggaṃ gahetukāmo viyā’’</span>tiādi asakkuṇeyyattā dukkaraṃ kiccaṃ ārabhatīti dassetuṃ vuttaṃ. Asakkuṇeyyañhetaṃ sadevakenāpi lokena, yadidaṃ bhagavato apasādanaṃ, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘aṭṭhāne vāyamatī’’</span>ti. Ayaṃ bālo ‘‘mayi kiñci akathente mayā saddhiṃ kathetumpi na visahatī’’ti mānameva paggaṇhissati, kathente pana kathāpasaṅgenassa jātigotte vibhāvite mānaniggaho bhavissatīti bhagavā ‘‘evaṃ nu te’’tiādimāha. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘atha kho bhagavā’’tiādi. Ācārasamācārasikkhāpanena ācariyā, tesaṃ pana ācariyānaṃ pakaṭṭhā ācariyāti pācariyā yathā papitāmahoti, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ācariyehi ca tesaṃ pācariyehi cā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Paṭhamaibbhavādavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para263"></a><a name="para263_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">263</span>. <span class="bld">Tīsu iriyāpathesū</span>ti ṭhānagamananisajjāsu. <span class="bld">Kathāpaḷāsa</span>nti <a name="P1.0388"></a> kathāvasena yugaggāhaṃ. Sayānena <a name="V1.0263"></a> ācariyena saddhiṃ sayānassa kathā nāma ācāro na hoti, taṃ itarehi sadisaṃ katvā kathanaṃ idha kathāpaḷāso.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tassa pana yaṃ anācārabhāvavibhāvanaṃ satthārā ambaṭṭhena saddhiṃ kathentena kataṃ, taṃ saṅgītianāruḷhaṃ paramparābhatanti upari pāḷiyā sambandhabhāvena dassento <span class="bld">‘‘tato kirā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Muṇḍakā samaṇakā</span>ti ca garahāyaṃ <span class="bld">ka</span>-saddo, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘hīḷento’’</span>ti. Ibhassa payogo ibho uttarapadalopena, taṃ ibhaṃ arahantīti <span class="bld">ibbhā.</span> Kiṃ vuttaṃ hoti? Yathā ibho hatthivāhanabhūto parassa vasena vattati, na attano, evaṃ etepi brāhmaṇānaṃ sussusakā suddā parassa vasena <a name="M1.0298"></a> vattanti, na attano, tasmā ibhasadisapayogatāya ibbhāti. Te pana kuṭumbikatāya gharavāsino gharassāmikā hontīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘gahapatikā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Kaṇhā</span>ti kaṇhajātikā. Dijā eva hi suddhajātikā, na itareti tassa adhippāyo, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kāḷakā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Mukhato nikkhantā</span>ti brāhmaṇānaṃ pubbapurisā brahmuno mukhato nikkhantā, ayaṃ tesaṃ paṭhamuppattīti adhippāyo. Sesapadesupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">‘‘Samaṇā piṭṭhipādato’’</span>ti idaṃ panassa ‘‘mukhato nikkhantā’’tiādivacanatopi ativiya asamavekkhitavacanaṃ catuvaṇṇapariyāpannasseva samaṇabhāvasambhavato. <span class="bld">Aniyametvā</span>ti avisesetvā, anuddesikabhāvenāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mānussayavasena kathetī</span>ti mānussayaṃ avassāya attānaṃ ukkaṃsento, pare ca vambhento ‘‘muṇḍakā’’ti ādiṃ katheti. <span class="bld">Jānāpemī</span>ti jātigottassa pamāṇaṃ <a name="P1.0389"></a> yāthāvato vibhāvanena pamāṇaṃ jānāpemīti. <span class="bld">Attho etassa atthīti atthikaṃ</span> daṇḍikañāyena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Yāyeva kho panatthāyā’’</span>ti itthiliṅgavasena vuttanti vadanti, taṃ parato ‘‘purisaliṅgavasenevā’’ti vakkhamānattā yuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Yāya atthāyā</span>ti vā pulliṅgavaseneva tadatthe sampadānavacanaṃ, yassa atthassa atthāyāti attho. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti ambaṭṭhassa dassetvāti sambandho. <span class="bld">Aññesa</span>nti aññesaṃ sādhurūpānaṃ. <span class="bld">Santikaṃ āgatāna</span>nti guruṭṭhāniyānaṃ santikaṃ upagatānaṃ. <span class="bld">Vatta</span>nti tehi caritabbaācāraṃ. <span class="bld">Asikkhito</span>ti ācāraṃ asikkhito. Tato eva <span class="bld">appassuto.</span> Bāhusaccañhi nāma yāvadeva upasamatthaṃ icchitabbaṃ, tadabhāvato ambaṭṭho appassuto asikkhito ‘‘avusito’’ti viññāyati, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘etassa hī’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para264"></a><a name="para264_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">264</span>. Kodhavasacittatāya <span class="bld">asakamano. Mānanimmadanattha</span>nti mānassa nimmadanatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Uggiletvā</span>ti <a name="V1.0264"></a> sinehapānena kilinnaṃ ubbamanaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Gottena gotta</span>nti tena vuttena purātanagottena idāni taṃ taṃ anavajjasaññitaṃ gottaṃ sāvajjato uṭṭhāpetvā uddharitvā. Sesapadesupi eseva nayo. Tattha <span class="bld">gottaṃ</span> ādipurisavasena, <span class="bld">kulāpadoso,</span> tadanvaye uppannaabhiññātapurisavasena veditabbo yathā ‘‘ādicco, maghadevo’’ti. Gottamūlassa gārayhatāya amānavatthubhāvapavedanato <span class="bld">‘‘mānaddhajaṃ mūle chetvā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ghaṭṭento</span>ti <a name="P1.0390"></a> omasanto.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmiṃ <a name="M1.0299"></a> mānussayakodhussayā aññamaññūpatthaddhā, so ‘‘caṇḍo’’ti vuccatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘caṇḍāti mānanissitakodhayuttā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Kharā</span>ti cittena, vācāya ca kakkhaḷā. <span class="bld">Lahukā</span>ti taruṇā. <span class="bld">Bhassā</span>ti ‘‘sāhasikā’’ti keci vadanti, ‘‘sārambhakā’’ti apare. <span class="bld">Samānā</span>ti hontā, bhavamānāti atthoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘santāti purimapadasseva vevacana’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Na sakkarontī</span>ti sakkāraṃ na karonti. <span class="bld">Apacitikamma</span>nti paṇipātakamma <span class="bld">nānuloma</span>nti attano jātiyā na anucchavikanti attho.</p>
<p class="subhead">Dutiyaibbhavādavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para265"></a><a name="para265_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">265</span>. Kāmaṃ sakyarājakule yo sabbesaṃ buddhataro samattho ca, so eva abhisekaṃ labhati, ekacco pana abhisitto samāno ‘‘idaṃ rajjaṃ nāma bahukiccaṃ bahubyāpāra’’nti tato nibbijja rajjaṃ vayasā anantarassa niyyāteti, kadāci sopi aññassāti tādise sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘sakyāti abhisittarājāno’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Kulavaṃsaṃ jānantī</span>ti kaṇhāyanato paṭṭhāya paramparāgataṃ anussavavasena jānanti. Kulābhimānino hi yebhuyyena paresaṃ uccāvacaṃ kulaṃ tathā tathā udāharanti, attano ca kulavaṃsaṃ jānanti, evaṃ ambaṭṭhopi. Tathā hi so parato bhagavatā pucchito vajirapāṇibhayena yāthāvato kathesi.</p>
<p class="subhead">Tatiyaibbhavādavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para266"></a><a name="para266_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">266</span>. <span class="bld">Khettaleḍḍūna</span>nti khette kasanavasena naṅgalena uṭṭhāpitaleḍḍūnaṃ. ‘‘Laṭukikā’’ icceva paññātā <span class="bld">khuddakasakuṇikā laṭukikopamavaṇṇanāyaṃ</span> ‘‘cātakasakuṇikā’’ti (ma. ni. aṭṭha. 3.150) vuttā. <span class="bld">Kodhavasena laggitu</span>nti upanayhituṃ, āghātaṃ bandhitunti <a name="P1.0391"></a> attho. <span class="bld">‘‘Amhe haṃsakoñcamorasame karotī’’</span>ti iminā ‘‘na taṃ koci haṃso vā’’tiādivacanaṃ saṅgītiṃ anāruḷhaṃ tadā bhagavatā vuttamevāti dasseti. ‘‘Evaṃ nu te’’tiādivacanaṃ, ‘‘avusitavāyevā’’tiādivacanañca <a name="V1.0265"></a> mānavasena samaṇena gotamena vuttanti maññatīti adhippāyenāha <span class="bld">‘‘nimmāno dāni jātoti maññamāno’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Dāsiputtavādavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para267"></a><a name="para267_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">267</span>. <span class="bld">Nimmādetī</span>ti <a name="M1.0300"></a> a-kārassa ā-kāraṃ katvā niddesoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘nimmadetī’’</span>ti. Kāmaṃ gottaṃ nāmetaṃ pitito laddhabbaṃ, na mātito na hi brāhmaṇānaṃ sagottāya āvāhavivāho icchito, gottanāmaṃ pana yasmā jātisiddhaṃ, na kittimaṃ, jāti ca ubhayasambandhinī, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘mātāpettikanti mātāpitūnaṃ santaka’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Nāmagotta</span>nti gottanāmaṃ, na kittimanāmaṃ, na guṇanāmaṃ vā. Tattha ‘‘kaṇhāyano’’ti niruḷhā yā nāmapaṇṇatti, taṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘paṇṇattivasena nāma</span>nti. Taṃ pana kaṇhaisito paṭṭhāya tasmiṃ kulaparamparāvasena āgataṃ, na etasmiṃyeva niruḷhaṃ, tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘paveṇīvasena gotta’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Gotta</span>-padassa pana attho heṭṭhā vuttoyeva. <span class="bld">Anussarato</span>ti ettha na kevalaṃ anussaraṇaṃ adhippetaṃ, atha kho kulasuddhivīmaṃsanavasenāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kulakoṭiṃ sodhentassā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ayyaputtā</span>ti ayyikaputtāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sāmino puttā’’</span>ti. Disā okkākarañño antojātā dāsīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘gharadāsiyā putto’’</span>ti. Ettha ca yasmā ambaṭṭho jātiṃ nissāya mānatthaddho, na cassa yāthāvato jātiyā avibhāvitāya mānaniggaho hoti, mānaniggahe ca kate aparabhāge ratanattaye pasīdissati<a name="P1.0392"></a>, na ‘‘dāsī’’ti vācā pharusavācā nāma hoti cittassa saṇhabhāvato. <span class="bld">Abhayasutta</span>ñcettha (ma. ni. 2.83; a. ni. 4.184) nidassanaṃ. Keci ca sattā agginā viya lohādayo kakkhaḷāya vācāya mudubhāvaṃ gacchanti, tasmā bhagavā ambaṭṭhaṃ nibbisevanaṃ kātukāmo ‘‘ayyaputtā sakyā bhavanti, dāsiputto tvamasi sakyāna’’nti avoca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ṭhapentī</span>ti paññapenti, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘okkāko’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Pabhā niccharati</span> dantānaṃ ativiya pabhassarabhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭhamakappikāna</span>nti paṭhamakappassa ādikāle nibbattānaṃ. <span class="bld">Kira</span>-saddo anussavatthe, tena yo vuccamānāya rājaparamparāya kesañci matibhedo, taṃ ulliṅgeti. <span class="bld">Mahāsammatassāti</span> ‘‘ayaṃ no rājā’’ti mahājanena sammannitvā ṭhapitattā ‘‘mahāsammato’’ti evaṃ sammatassa. Yaṃ sandhāya vadanti –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Ādiccakulasambhūto<a name="V1.0266"></a><a name="M1.0301"></a>, suvisuddhaguṇākaro;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Mahānubhāvo rājāsi, mahāsammatanāmako.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Yo cakkhubhūto lokassa, guṇaraṃsisamujjalo;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tamonudo virocittha, dutiyo viya bhāṇumā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Ṭhapitā yena mariyādā, loke lokahitesinā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Vavatthitā sakkuṇanti, na vilaṅghayituṃ janā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Yasassinaṃ tejassinaṃ, lokasīmānurakkhakaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Ādibhūtaṃ mahāvīraṃ, kathayanti ‘manū’ti ya’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tassa ca puttapaputtaparamparaṃ sandhāya –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Tassa putto mahātejo, rojo nāma mahīpati;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tassa putto vararojo, pavaro rājamaṇḍale.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Tassāsi <a name="P1.0393"></a> kalyāṇaguṇo, kalyāṇo nāma atrajo;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Rājā tassāsi tanayo, varakalyāṇanāmako.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Tassa putto mahāvīro, mandhātā kāmabhoginaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Aggabhūto mahindena, aḍḍharajjena pūjito.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Tassa sūnu mahātejo, varamandhātunāmako;</p>
<p class="gathalast">‘Uposatho’ti nāmena, tassa putto mahāyaso.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Varo nāma mahātejo, tassa putto mahāvaro;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tassāsi upavaroti, putto rājā mahābalo.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Tassa <a name="V1.0267"></a> putto maghadevo, devatulyo mahīpati;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Caturāsītisahassāni, tassa puttaparamparā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Tesaṃ pacchimako rājā, ‘okkāko’ iti vissuto;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Mahāyaso mahātejo, akhuddo rājamaṇḍale’’ti.</p>
<p class="unindented">Ādi <span class="bld">tesaṃ pacchato</span>ti tesaṃ maghadeva paramparabhūtānaṃ kaḷārajanakapariyosānānaṃ anekasatasahassānaṃ rājūnaṃ aparabhāge okkāko nāma <a name="M1.0302"></a> rājā ahosi, tassa paramparābhūtānaṃ anekasatasahassānaṃ rājūnaṃ aparabhāge aparo okkāko nāma rājā ahosi, tassa paramparabhūtānaṃ anekasatasahassānaṃ rājūnaṃ aparabhāge punāparo okkāko nāma rājā ahosi, taṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘tayo okkākavaṃsā ahesuṃ. Tesu tatiyaokkākassā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sahasā varaṃ adāsi</span>nti puttadassanena somanassappatto sahasā avīmaṃsitvā tuṭṭhiyā vasena varaṃ adāsiṃ, ‘‘yaṃ icchasi, taṃ gaṇhā’’ti. <span class="bld">Rajjaṃ pariṇāmetuṃ icchatī</span>ti sā jantukumārassa mātā mama taṃ varadānaṃ antaraṃ katvā imaṃ rajjaṃ pariṇāmetuṃ icchatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nappasaheyyā</span>ti <a name="P1.0394"></a> na pariyatto bhaveyya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nikkhammā</span>ti gharāvāsato, kāmehi ca nikkhamitvā. <span class="bld">Heṭṭhā cā</span>ti <span class="bld">ca</span>-saddena ‘‘asītihatthe’’ti idaṃ anukaḍḍhati. <span class="bld">Tehī</span>ti migasūkarehi, maṇḍūkamūsikehi ca. <span class="bld">Te</span>ti sīhabyagghādayo, sappabiḷārā ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Avasesāhi</span> attano attano kaniṭṭhāhi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vaḍḍhamānāna</span>nti anādare sāmivacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Kuṭṭharogo</span> nāma sāsamasūrīrogā viya yebhuyyena saṅkamanasabhāvoti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ayaṃ rogo saṅkamatīti cintetvā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Migasūkarādīna</span>nti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena vanacarasoṇādike saṅgaṇhāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tasmiṃ nisinneti sambandho. Khattiyamāyārocanena <span class="bld">attano khattiyabhāvaṃ jānāpetvā.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nagaraṃ</span> <a name="V1.0268"></a> <span class="bld">māpehī</span>ti sāhāraṃ nagaraṃ māpehīti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kesaggahaṇa</span>nti kesaveṇibandhanaṃ. <span class="bld">Dussaggahaṇa</span>nti vatthassa nivāsanākāro.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para268"></a><a name="para268_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">268</span>. <span class="bld">Attano upārambhamocanatthāyā</span>ti ācariyena ambaṭṭhena ca attano attano upari pāpetabbaupavādassa apanayanatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Asmiṃ vacane</span>ti ‘‘cattārome bho gotama vaṇṇā’’tiādinā attanā vutte, bhotā ca gotamena vutte ‘‘jātivāde’’ti imasmiṃ yathādhikate vacane. Tattha pana yasmā vede vuttavidhināva tena paṭimantetabbaṃ hoti<a name="M1.0303"></a>, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vedattayavacane’’</span>ti, <span class="bld">‘‘etasmiṃ vā dāsiputtavacane’’</span>ti ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para270"></a><a name="para270_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">270</span>. <span class="bld">Dhammo</span> nāma kāraṇaṃ ‘‘dhammapaṭisambhidā’’tiādīsu (vibha. 718) viya, saha dhammenāti sahadhammo, sahadhammo <a name="P1.0395"></a> eva <span class="bld">sahadhammiko</span>ti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sahetuko’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para271"></a><a name="para271_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">271</span>. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span> tadā paṭiññātattā. <span class="bld">Tāsetvā pañhaṃ vissajjāpessāmīti āgato</span> yathā taṃ saccakasamāgame. ‘‘Bhagavā ceva passati ambaṭṭho cā’’ti ettha itaresaṃ adassane kāraṇaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yadi hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Āvāhetvā</span>ti mantabalena ānetvā. <span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti ambaṭṭhassa. <span class="bld">Vādasaṅghaṭṭe</span>ti vācāsaṅghaṭṭe.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para272"></a><a name="para272_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">272</span>. <span class="bld">Tāṇanti gavesamāno</span>ti, ‘‘ayameva samaṇo gotamo ito bhayato mama tāyako’’ti bhagavantaṃyeva ‘‘tāṇa’’nti pariyesanto upagacchanto. Sesapadadvayepi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Tāyatī</span>ti yathāupaṭṭhitabhayato pāleti, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘rakkhatī’’</span>ti, etena tāṇa-saddassa kattusādhanatamāha. Yathupaṭṭhitena bhayena upadduto nilīyati etthāti <span class="bld">leṇaṃ,</span> upalayanaṃ, etena leṇa-saddassa adhikaraṇasādhanatamāha. <span class="bld">‘‘Saratī’’</span>ti etena saraṇa-saddassa kattusādhanatamāha.</p>
<p class="subhead">Ambaṭṭhavaṃsakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para274"></a><a name="para274_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">274</span>. <span class="bld">Gaṅgāya dakkhiṇato</span>ti gaṅgāya nadiyā dakkhiṇadisāya. <span class="bld">Āvudhaṃ na parivattatī</span>ti saraṃ vāsattiādiṃ vā parassa upari khipitukāmassa hatthaṃ na parivattati, hatthe pana aparivattente kuto āvudhaparivattananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘āvudhaṃ na parivattatī’’</span>ti. So kira ‘‘kathaṃ nāmāhaṃ disāya dāsiyā kucchimhi nibbatto’’ti taṃ hīnaṃ jātiṃ jigucchanto ‘‘handāhaṃ yathā tathā <a name="V1.0269"></a> imaṃ jātiṃ sodhessāmī’’ti niggato, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘idāni me manorathaṃ pūressāmī’’</span>tiādi. Vijjābalena rājānaṃ tāsetvā tassa dhītuyā laddhakālato paṭṭhāya myāyaṃ jātisodhitā <a name="M1.0304"></a> bhavissatīti tassa adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Ambaṭṭhaṃ nāma vijja</span>nti sattānaṃ sarīre abbhaṅgaṃ ṭhapetīti ambaṭṭhāti evaṃ <a name="P1.0396"></a> laddhanāmaṃ vijjaṃ, mantanti attho. Yato ambaṭṭhā etasmiṃ atthīti ambaṭṭhoti kaṇho isi paññāyittha, taṃbaṃsajātatāya ayaṃ māṇavo ‘‘ambaṭṭho’’ti voharīyati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Seṭṭhamante vedamanteti adhippāyo. Mantānubhāvena rañño bāhukkhambhamattaṃ jātaṃ tena panassa bāhukkhambhena rājā, ‘‘ko jānāti, kiṃ bhavissatī’’ti bhīto ussaṅkī utrāso ahosi, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘bhayena vedhamāno aṭṭhāsī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sotthi bhaddanteti ādivacanaṃ avocuṃ.</span> ‘‘Ayaṃ mahānubhāvo isī’’ti maññamānā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Undriyissatī</span>ti vippakiriyissati, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘bhijjissatī’’</span>ti. Mante parivattiteti bāhukkhambhakamantassa paṭippassambhakavijjāsaṅkhāte mante <span class="bld">‘‘saro otaratū’’</span>ti parivattite. Evarūpānañhi mantānaṃ ekaṃseneva paṭippassambhakavijjā hontiyeva yathā taṃ kusumārakavijjānaṃ. Attano dhītu apavādamocanatthaṃ tassa bhujissakaraṇaṃ. Tassānurūpe issariye ṭhapanatthaṃ<span class="bld"> uḷāre ca naṃ ṭhāne ṭhapesi.</span></p>
<p class="subhead">Khattiyaseṭṭhabhāvavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para275"></a><a name="para275_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">275</span>. Samassāsanatthamāha karuṇāyanto, na kulīnabhāvadassanatthaṃ, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘atha kho bhagavā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Brāhmaṇesū</span>ti brāhmaṇānaṃ samīpe, tato brāhmaṇehi laddhabbaṃ āsanādiṃ sandhāya <span class="bld">‘‘brāhmaṇānaṃ antare’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Kevalaṃ <a name="P1.0397"></a> saddhāya kātabbaṃ <span class="bld">saddhaṃ,</span> paralokagate sandhāya na tato kiñci apatthentena kātabbanti attho, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘matake uddissa katabhatte’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Maṅgalādibhatte</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena ussavadevatārādhanādiṃ saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Yaññabhatte</span>ti pāpasaññamādivasena katabhatte. <span class="bld">Pāhunakāna</span>nti atithīnaṃ. <span class="bld">Khattiyabhāvaṃ appatto</span> ubhato sujātatābhāvato, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘aparisuddhoti attho’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para276"></a><a name="para276_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">276</span>. <span class="bld">Itthiṃ karitvā</span>ti ettha karaṇaṃ kiriyāsāmaññavisayanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘itthiṃ pariyesitvā’’</span>ti. Brāhmaṇakaññaṃ itthiṃ khattiyakumārassa bhariyābhūtaṃ <a name="M1.0305"></a> gahetvāpi khattiyāva seṭṭhā, hīnā brāhmaṇāti yojanā. <span class="bld">Purisena vā purisaṃ karitvā</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Pakaraṇe</span>ti rāgādivasena <a name="V1.0270"></a> paduṭṭhe pakkhalite kāraṇe, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘dose’’</span>ti. Bhassati niratthakabhāvena khipīyatīti <span class="bld">bhassaṃ,</span> chārikā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para277"></a><a name="para277_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">277</span>. <span class="bld">Janitasmi</span>nti kammakilesehi nibbatte. Jane etasminti vā <span class="bld">janetasmiṃ,</span> manussesūti attho, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘gottapaṭisārino’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Saṃsanditvā</span>ti ghaṭetvā, aviruddhaṃ katvāti attho.</p>
<p class="centered">Paṭhamabhāṇavāravaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Vijjācaraṇakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para278"></a><a name="para278_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">278</span>. <span class="bld">Idaṃ vaṭṭatī</span>ti idaṃ ajjhenādi kattuṃ labbhati. <span class="bld">Jātivādavinibaddhā</span>ti jātisannissitavāde vinibaddhā. Brāhmaṇasseva ajjhenajjhāpanayajanayājanādayoti <a name="P1.0398"></a> evaṃ ye attukkaṃsanaparavambhanavasena pavattā, tato eva te <span class="bld">mānavādapaṭibaddhā</span> ca honti. Ye pana <span class="bld">āvāhavivāhavinibaddhā,</span> te eva sambandhattayavasena ‘‘arahasi vā maṃ tvaṃ, na vā maṃ tvaṃ arahasī’’ti evaṃ pavattanakā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yatthā</span>ti yassaṃ vijjācaraṇasampattiyaṃ. <span class="bld">Laggissāmā</span>ti olaggā antogadhā bhavissāmāti <span class="bld">cintayimha.</span> Paramatthato avijjācaraṇāniyeva ‘‘vijjācaraṇānī’’ti gahetvā ṭhito paramatthato vijjācaraṇesu vibhajiyamānesu so tato dūrato apanīto nāma hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘dūrameva avakkhipī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Samudāgamato pabhutī</span>tiādisamuṭṭhānato paṭṭhāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para279"></a><a name="para279_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">279</span>.<span class="bld"> Tividhaṃ sīla</span>nti khuddakādibhedaṃ tividhaṃ sīlaṃ. <span class="bld">Sīlavasenevā</span>ti sīlapariyāyeneva. <span class="bld">Kiñci kiñcī</span>ti ahiṃsanādiyamaniyamalakkhaṇaṃ kiñci kiñci <span class="bld">sīlaṃ atthi. Tattha tattheva laggeyyā</span>ti tasmiṃ tasmiṃyeva brāhmaṇasamayasiddhe sīlamatte ‘‘caraṇa’’nti laggeyya. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhapi samāpattiyo caraṇanti niyyātitā honti</span> rūpāvacaracatutthajjhānaniddeseneva arūpajjhānānampi niddiṭṭhabhāvāpattito niyyātitā nidassitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Catuapāyamukhakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para280"></a><a name="para280_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">280</span>. <span class="bld">Asampāpuṇanto</span>ti <a name="V1.0271"></a><a name="M1.0306"></a> ārabhitvā sampattuṃ asakkonto. <span class="bld">Avisahamāno</span>ti ārabhitumeva asakkonto. <span class="bld">Khāri</span>nti parikkhāraṃ. Taṃ pana vibhajitvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘araṇī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">araṇī</span>ti aggidhamanakaṃ araṇīdvayaṃ. <span class="bld">Sujā</span>ti dabbi. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena tidaṇḍatighaṭikādiṃ <a name="P1.0399"></a> saṅgaṇhāti <span class="bld">khāribharita</span>nti khārīhi puṇṇaṃ. Nanu upasampannassa bhikkhuno sāsanikopi yo koci anupasampanno atthato paricārakova, kiṃ aṅgaṃ pana bāhirakapabbajiteti tattha visesaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kāmañcā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Vuttanayenā</span>ti ‘‘kappiyakaraṇa…pe… vattakaraṇavasenā’’ti evaṃ vuttena nayena. <span class="bld">Paricārako hoti</span> upasampannabhāvassa visiṭṭhabhāvato. ‘‘Navakoṭisahassānī’’tiādinā (visuddhi. 1.20; paṭi. ma. aṭṭha. 37) vuttappabhedānaṃ anekasahassānaṃ saṃvaravinayānaṃ samādiyitvā vattanena uparibhūtā aggabhūtā sampadāti hi ‘‘upasampadā’’ti vuccatīti. <span class="bld">Guṇādhikopī</span>ti guṇehi ukkaṭṭhopi. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ panā</span>ti vuttalakkhaṇo tāpaso.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tāpasā nāma kammavādikiriyāvādino, na sāsanassa paṭāṇībhūtā, yato nesaṃ pabbajituṃ āgatānaṃ titthiyaparivāsena vināva pabbajjā anuññātāti katvā <span class="bld">‘‘kasmā panā’’</span>ti codanaṃ samuṭṭhapeti codako. Ācariyo <span class="bld">‘‘yasmā’’</span>tiādinā codanaṃ pariharati. ‘‘Osakkissatī’’ti saṅkhepato vuttamatthaṃ vivarituṃ <span class="bld">‘‘imasmiñhī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Khuradhārūpama</span>nti khuradhārānaṃ matthakeneva akkamitvā gamanūpamaṃ. <span class="bld">Aññe</span>ti aññe bhikkhū. <span class="bld">Aggisāla</span>nti aggihuttasālaṃ. <span class="bld">Nānādārūhī</span>ti palāsadaṇḍādinānāvidhasamidhādārūhi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ida</span>nti ‘‘catudvāraṃ āgāraṃ katvā’’tiādinā vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti assa catutthassa puggalassa. <span class="bld">Paṭipattimukha</span>nti kohaññapaṭipattiyā mukhamattaṃ. So hi nānāvidhena kohaññena lokaṃ vimhāpento tattha acchati, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘iminā hi mukhena so evaṃ paṭipajjatī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Khalādīsu <a name="P1.0400"></a> manussānaṃ santike upatiṭṭhitvā vīhimuggatilamāsādīni bhikkhācariyāniyāmena saṅkaḍḍhitvā uñchanaṃ uñchā, sā eva cariyā vutti etesanti <span class="bld">uñchācariyā.</span> Aggipakkena jīvantīti aggipakkikā, na aggipakkikā <span class="bld">anaggipakkikā</span><a name="M1.0307"></a>. Uñchācariyā hi khalesu gantvā khalaggaṃ nāma manussehi diyyamānaṃ dhaññaṃ gaṇhanti, taṃ ime na gaṇhantīti anaggipakkikā nāma jātā. <span class="bld">Asāmapākā</span>ti asayaṃpācakā. Asmamuṭṭhinā muṭṭhipāsāṇena <a name="V1.0272"></a> vattantīti <span class="bld">asmamuṭṭhikā.</span> Dantena uppāṭitaṃ vakkalaṃ rukkhattaco dantavakkalaṃ, tena vattantīti <span class="bld">dantavakkalikā.</span> Pavattaṃ rukkhādito pātitaṃ phalaṃ bhuñjantīti <span class="bld">pavattaphalabhojino.</span> Jiṇṇapakkatāya paṇḍubhūtaṃ palāsaṃ, taṃsadisañca paṇḍupalāsaṃ, tena vattantīti <span class="bld">paṇḍupalāsikā,</span> sayaṃpatitapupphaphalapattabhojino.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni te aṭṭhavidhepi sarūpato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tatthā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṅkaḍḍhitvā</span>ti bhikkhācariyāvasena laddhadhaññaṃ ekajjhaṃ katvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pariyeṭṭhi nāma dukkhā</span>ti paresaṃ gehato gehaṃ gantvā pariyeṭṭhi nāma dīnavuttibhāvena dukkhā. Pāsāṇassa pariggaho dukkho pabbajitassāti vā danteheva uppāṭetvā khādanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Imāhi catūhiyevā</span>ti ‘‘khārividhaṃ ādāyā’’tiādinā vuttāhi catūhi eva tāpasapabbajjāhīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para282"></a><a name="para282_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">282</span>. Apāye vināse niyutto <span class="bld">āpāyiko.</span> Tabbhāvaṃ paripūretuṃ asakkonto tena aparipuṇṇo <span class="bld">aparipūramāno</span><a name="P1.0401"></a>, karaṇe cetaṃ paccattavacanaṃ, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘āpāyikenāpi aparipūramānenā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Pubbakaisibhāvānuyogavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para283"></a><a name="para283_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">283</span>. Dīyatīti datti, dattiyeva <span class="bld">dattika</span>nti āha <span class="bld">‘‘dinnaka’’</span>nti. Yadi brāhmaṇassa sammukhībhāvo rañño na dātabbo, kasmāssa upasaṅkamanaṃ na paṭikkhittanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yasmā panā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Khettavijjāyā</span>ti nītisatthe. <span class="bld">Payāta</span>nti saddhaṃ, sassatikaṃ vā, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘abhiharitvā dinna’’</span>nti. Kasmā bhagavā ‘‘rañño pasenadissa kosalassa dattikaṃ bhuñjatī’’tiādinā brāhmaṇassa mammavacanaṃ avocāti tattha kāraṇaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘idaṃ pana kāraṇa’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para284"></a><a name="para284_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">284</span>. <span class="bld">Rathūpatthare</span>ti <a name="M1.0308"></a> rathassa upari attharitapadese. <span class="bld">Pākaṭamantana</span>nti pakāsabhūtaṃ mantanaṃ. Tañhi suddādīhi ñāyatīti na rahassamantanaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhaṇatī</span>ti api nu bhaṇati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para285"></a><a name="para285_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">285</span>. <span class="bld">Pavattāro</span>ti <a name="V1.0273"></a> pāvacanabhāvena vattāro, yasmā te tesaṃ mantānaṃ pavattakā, tasmā āha <span class="bld">‘‘pavattayitāro’’</span>ti. Sudde bahi katvā raho bhāsitabbaṭṭhena mantā eva, taṃtaṃatthapaṭipattihetutāya padanti <span class="bld">mantapadaṃ,</span> anupanītāsādhāraṇatāya vā rahassabhāvena vattabbaṃ hitakiriyāya adhigamupāyaṃ. <span class="bld">Sajjhāyita</span>nti gāyanavasena sajjhāyitaṃ, taṃ pana udattānudattādīnaṃ sarānaṃ sampādanavaseneva icchitanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sarasampattivasenā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Aññesaṃ vutta</span>nti pāvacanabhāvena aññesaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Samupabyūḷha</span>nti saṅgahetvā uparūpari saññūḷhaṃ. <span class="bld">Rāsikata</span>nti iruvedayajuvedasāmavedādivasena<a name="P1.0402"></a>, tatthāpi paccekaṃ mantabrahmādivasena, ajjhāyānuvākādivasena ca rāsikataṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tesa</span>nti mantānaṃ kattūnaṃ. <span class="bld">Dibbena cakkhunā oloketvā</span>ti dibbacakkhuparibhaṇḍena yathākammūpagañāṇena sattānaṃ kammassakatādiṃ paccakkhato dassanaṭṭhena dibbacakkhusadisena pubbenivāsañāṇena atītakappe brāhmaṇānaṃ mantajjhenavidhiñca oloketvā. <span class="bld">Pāvacanena saha saṃsanditvā</span>ti kassapasammāsambuddhassa yaṃ vacanaṃ vaṭṭasannissitaṃ, tena saha aviruddhaṃ katvā. Na hi tesaṃ vivaṭṭasannissito attho paccakkho hoti. <span class="bld">Aparāpare panā</span>ti aṭṭhakādīhi aparā pare pacchimā okkākarājakālādīsu uppannā. <span class="bld">Pakkhipitvā</span>ti aṭṭhakādīhi ganthitamantapadesu kilesasannissitapadānaṃ tattha tattha pade pakkhipanaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Viruddhe akaṃsū</span>ti brāhmaṇadhammikasuttādīsu āgatanayena saṃkilesikatthadīpanato paccanīkabhūte akaṃsu. <span class="bld">Idhā</span>ti ‘‘tyāhaṃ mante adhīyāmī’’ti etasmiṃ ṭhāne. <span class="bld">Paṭiññaṃ aggahetvā</span>ti ‘‘taṃ kiṃ maññasī’’ti evaṃ paṭiññaṃ aggahetvāva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para286"></a><a name="para286_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">286</span>. <span class="bld">Nirāmagandhā</span>ti kilesāsucivasena vissagandharahitā. <span class="bld">Anitthigandhā</span>ti itthīnaṃ gandhamattassapi avisahanena itthigandharahitā. Ettha ca <span class="bld">‘‘nirāmagandhā’’</span>ti <a name="M1.0309"></a> etena tesaṃ porāṇānaṃ brāhmaṇānaṃ vikkhambhitakilesataṃ dasseti, <span class="bld">‘‘anitthigandhā brahmacārino’’</span>ti etena ekavihāritaṃ, <span class="bld">‘‘rajojalladharā’’</span>ti etena maṇḍanavibhūsanānuyogābhāvaṃ, <span class="bld">‘‘araññāyatane pabbatapādesu vasiṃsū’’</span>ti etena manussūpacāraṃ <a name="P1.0403"></a> pahāya vivittavāsaṃ, <span class="bld">‘‘vanamūlaphalāhārā vasiṃsū’’</span>ti etena sālimaṃsodanādipaṇītāhārapaṭikkhepaṃ, <span class="bld">‘‘yadā’’</span>tiādinā yānavāhanapaṭikkhepaṃ, <span class="bld">‘‘sabbadisāsū’’</span>tiādinā rakkhāvaraṇapaṭikkhepaṃ, evañca vadanto micchāpaṭipadāpakkhikaṃ sācariyassa ambaṭṭhassa vuttiṃ upādāya sammāpaṭipadāpakkhikāpi tesaṃ brāhmaṇānaṃ vutti ariyavinaye sammāpaṭipattiṃ upādāya micchāpaṭipadāyeva. Kutassa sallekhapaṭipattiyuttatāti. ‘‘Evaṃ sute’’tiādinā bhagavā ambaṭṭhaṃ santajjento niggaṇhātīti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Veṭhakehī</span>ti <a name="V1.0274"></a> veṭhakapaṭṭakāhi. <span class="bld">Samantānagara</span>nti nagarassa samantato. <span class="bld">Katasudhākammaṃ</span> pākārassa adhobhāge ṭhānaṃ vuccatīti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="subhead">Dvelakkhaṇadassanavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para287"></a><a name="para287_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">287</span>. <span class="bld">Na sakkoti</span>saṅkucite iriyāpathe anavasesato tesaṃ dubbibhāvanato. <span class="bld">Gavesī</span>ti ñāṇena pariyesanamakāsi. <span class="bld">Samānayī</span>ti ñāṇena saṅkalento sammā ānayi samāhari. <span class="bld">‘‘Kaṅkhatī’’</span>ti padassa ākaṅkhatīti ayamatthoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘aho vata passeyyanti patthanaṃ uppādetī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Kicchatī</span>ti kilamati. <span class="bld">‘‘Kaṅkhatī’’</span>ti padassa pubbe āsisanatthataṃ vatvā idānissa saṃsayatthatameva vikappantaravasena dassento <span class="bld">‘‘kaṅkhāya vā dubbalā vimati vuttā’’</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Tīhi dhammehī</span>ti tippakārehi saṃsayadhammehi. <span class="bld">Kālusiyabhāvo</span>ti appasannatāya hetubhūto āvilabhāvo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā bhagavato kosohitaṃ sabbabuddhānaṃ āveṇikaṃ aññehi asādhāraṇaṃ vatthaguyhaṃ suvisuddhakañcanamaṇḍalasannikāsaṃ, attano saṇṭhānasannivesasundaratāya <a name="P1.0404"></a> ājāneyyagandhahatthino varaṅgaparamacārubhāvaṃ, vikasamānatapaniyāravindasamujjalakesarāvattavilāsaṃ, sañjhāpabhānurañjitajalavanantarābhilakkhitasampuṇṇacandamaṇḍalasobhañca attano siriyā abhibhuyya virājati, yaṃ bāhirabbhantaramalehi anupakkiliṭṭhatāya, cirakālaṃ suparicitabrahmacariyādhikāratāya, susaṇṭhitasaṇṭhānasampattiyā ca<a name="M1.0310"></a>, kopīnampi santaṃ akopīnameva, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘bhagavato hī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Pahūtabhāva</span>nti puthulabhāvaṃ. Ettheva hi tassa saṃsayo, tanumudusukumāratādīsu panassa guṇesu vicāraṇā eva nāhosi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para288"></a><a name="para288_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">288</span>. <span class="bld">Hirikaraṇokāsa</span>nti hiriyitabbaṭṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Chāya</span>nti paṭibimbaṃ. Kathaṃ kīdisanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘iddhiyā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Chāyārūpakamatta</span>nti bhagavato paṭibimbarūpaṃ. Tañca kho buddhasantānato vinimuttattā rūpakamattaṃ bhagavato sarīravaṇṇasaṇṭhānāvayavaṃ iddhimayaṃ bimbakamattaṃ. Taṃ pana rūpakamattaṃ dassento bhagavā yathā attano buddharūpaṃ na dissati, tathā katvā dasseti. <span class="bld">Ninnetvā</span>ti nīharitvā. <span class="bld">Kallosī</span>ti pucchāvissajjane kusalo cheko asi. <span class="bld">Tathākaraṇenā</span>ti kathinasūciṃ viya karaṇena. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti pahūtajivhāya. <span class="bld">Mudubhāvo pakāsito</span> amuduno ghanasukhumabhāvāpādanatthaṃ asakkuṇeyyattā <span class="bld">dīghabhāvo, tanubhāvo</span> cāti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para291"></a><a name="para291_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">291</span>. <span class="bld">‘‘Atthacarakenā’’</span>ti <a name="V1.0275"></a> iminā byatirekamukhena anatthacarakataṃyeva vibhāveti. <span class="bld">Na aññatrā</span>ti na aññasmiṃ sugatiyanti attho. <span class="bld">Upanetvā</span> <a name="P1.0405"></a> <span class="bld">upanetvā</span>ti taṃ taṃ dosaṃ upanetvā upanetvā, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘suṭṭhudāsādibhāvaṃ āropetvā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Pātesī</span>ti pavaṭṭanavasena pātesi.</p>
<p class="subhead">Pokkharasātibuddhūpasaṅkamanavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para293-6"></a><a name="para293-6_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">293-6</span>. <span class="bld">Āgamā nū</span>ti āgato nu. <span class="bld">Kho</span>ti nipātamattaṃ. <span class="bld">Idhā</span>ti ettha, tumhākaṃ santikanti attho. <span class="bld">Adhivāsetū</span>ti sādiyatu, taṃ pana sādiyanaṃ manasā sampaṭiggaho hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sampaṭicchatū’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para297"></a><a name="para297_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">297</span>. <span class="bld">Yāvadattha</span>nti yāva attho, tāva bhojanena tadā katanti attho. <span class="bld">Oṇitta</span>nti āmisāpanayanena sucikataṃ, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘hatthe ca pattañca dhovitvā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para298"></a><a name="para298_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">298</span>. <span class="bld">Anupubbiṃ katha</span>nti anupubbaṃ kathetabbakathaṃ, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘anupaṭipāṭikatha’’</span>nti. Kā pana sā? Dānādikathāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘dānānantaraṃ sīla’’</span>ntiādi. Tena dānakathā tāva pacurajanesupi pavattiyā sabbasādhāraṇattā, sukarattā, sīle patiṭṭhānassa upāyabhāvato ca ādito <a name="M1.0311"></a> kathetabbā. Pariccāgasīlo hi puggalo pariggahitavatthūsu nissaṅgabhāvato sukheneva sīlāni samādiyati, tattha ca suppatiṭṭhito hoti. Sīlena dāyakapaṭiggāhakasuddhito parānuggahaṃ vatvā parapīḷānivattivacanato, kiriyadhammaṃ vatvā akiriyadhammavacanato, bhogasampattihetuṃ vatvā bhavasampattihetuvacanato ca <span class="bld">dānakathānantaraṃ sīlakathā</span> kathetabbā, tañce dānasīlaṃ vaṭṭanissitaṃ, ayaṃ bhavasampatti tassa phalanti dassanatthaṃ imehi ca dānasīlamayehi paṇītapaṇītatarādibhedabhinnehi puññakiriyavatthūhi etā cātumahārājikādīsu paṇītapaṇītatarādibhedabhinnā <a name="P1.0406"></a> aparimeyyā dibbabhogasampattiyo laddhabbāti dassanatthaṃ tadanantaraṃ saggakathā. Svāyaṃ saggo rāgādīhi upakkiliṭṭho, sabbathānupakkiliṭṭho ariyamaggoti dassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">saggānantaraṃ maggo</span> kathetabbo. Maggañca kathentena tadadhigamupāyasandassanatthaṃ saggapariyāpannāpi, pageva itare sabbepi kāmā nāma bahvādīnavā aniccā addhuvā vipariṇāmadhammāti <span class="bld">kāmānaṃ ādīnavo,</span> hīnā gammā pothujjanikā anariyā anatthasañhitāti tesaṃ <span class="bld">okāro</span> lāmakabhāvo, sabbepi bhavā kilesānaṃ vatthubhūtāti <span class="bld">tattha saṃkileso,</span> sabbasaṃkilesavippamuttaṃ nibbānanti <span class="bld">nekkhamme ānisaṃso</span> ca kathetabboti ayamattho bodhitoti veditabbo. <span class="bld">Maggo</span>ti cettha <span class="bld">iti</span>-saddena ādiatthadīpanato ‘‘kāmānaṃ ādīnavo’’ti evamādīnaṃ saṅgahoti <a name="V1.0276"></a> evamayaṃ atthavaṇṇanā katāti veditabbā. ‘‘Tassa uppattiākāradassanattha’’nti kasmā vuttaṃ, nanu maggañāṇaṃ asaṅkhatadhammārammaṇaṃ, na saṅkhatadhammārammaṇanti codanaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘tañhī’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">paṭivijjhanta</span>nti asammohapaṭivedhavasena paṭivijjhantaṃ, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kiccavasenā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Pokkharasātiupāsakattapaṭivedanākathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para299"></a><a name="para299_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">299</span>. Ettha ca <span class="bld">‘‘diṭṭhadhammo’’</span>tiādi pāḷiyaṃ dassanaṃ nāma ñāṇadassanato aññampi atthi, tannivattanatthaṃ ‘‘pattadhammo’’ti vuttaṃ. Patti ca ñāṇasampattito aññampi vijjatīti tato visesadassanatthaṃ ‘‘viditadhammo’’ti vuttaṃ. Sā panesā viditadhammatā ekadesatopi hotīti nippadesato viditabhāvaṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘pariyogāḷhadhammo’’ti <a name="P1.0407"></a> vuttaṃ. Tenassa saccābhisambodhaṃyeva dīpeti. Maggañāṇañhi ekābhisamayavasena pariññādikiccaṃ sādhentaṃ nippadesena <a name="M1.0312"></a> catusaccadhammaṃ samantato ogāḷhaṃ nāma hoti, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘diṭṭho ariyasaccadhammo etenāti diṭṭhadhammo’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tiṇṇā vicikicchā</span>ti sappaṭibhayakantārasadisā soḷasavatthukā, aṭṭhavatthukā ca tiṇṇā vitiṇṇā vicikicchā. <span class="bld">Vigatā kathaṅkathā</span>ti pavattiādīsu. ‘‘Evaṃ nu kho, na nu kho’’ti evaṃ pavattikā vigatā samucchinnā kathaṅkathā. <span class="bld">Vesārajjappatto</span>ti sārajjakarānaṃ pāpadhammānaṃ pahīnattā, tappaṭipakkhesu ca sīlādiguṇesu suppatiṭṭhitattā vesārajjaṃ visāradabhāvaṃ veyyattiyaṃ patto adhigato. Sāyaṃ vesārajjappatti suppatiṭṭhitabhāvoti katvā āha <span class="bld">‘‘satthusāsane’’</span>ti. Attanā paccakkhato diṭṭhattā adhigatattā na paraṃ pacceti, na tassa paro paccetabbo atthīti <span class="bld">aparappaccayo.</span> Yaṃ panettha vattabbaṃ avuttaṃ, taṃ parato āgamissati. Sesaṃ suviññeyyameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Ambaṭṭhasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā.</p>
<p class="chapter"><a name="dn1_4"></a>4. Soṇadaṇḍasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para300"></a><a name="para300_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">300</span>. Sundarabhāvena <a name="V1.0277"></a><a name="M1.0313"></a><a name="P1.0408"></a> sātisayāni aṅgāni etesaṃ atthīti aṅgā, rājakumārāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘aṅgā nāma aṅgapāsādikatāyā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Idhāpi adhippetā,</span> na ambaṭṭhasutte eva. <span class="bld">Āgantuṃ na dassantī</span>ti āgamane ādīnavaṃ dassetvā paṭikkhipanavasena āgantuṃ na dassanti, nānujānissantīti adhippāyo. Nīlāsokakaṇikārakoviḷārakundarājarukkhehi sammissatāya taṃ campakavanaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘nīlādipañcavaṇṇakusumapaṭimaṇḍita’’</span>nti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Na campakarukkhānaṃyeva nīlādipañcakusumatāyāti vadanti. <span class="bld">‘‘Bhagavā kusumagandhasugandhe campakavane viharatī’’</span>ti iminā na māpanakāle eva tasmiṃ nagare campakarukkhā ussannā, atha kho aparabhāge pīti dasseti. Māpanakāle hi campakānaṃ ussannatāya sā nagarī ‘‘campā’’ti nāmaṃ labhi. <span class="bld">Issarattā</span>ti adhipatibhāvato. Senā etassa atthīti seniko, seniko eva <span class="bld">seniyo,</span> atthitā cettha bahubhāvavisiṭṭhāti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘mahatiyā senāya samannāgatattā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para301-2"></a><a name="para301-2_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">301-2</span>. <span class="bld">Saṃhatā</span>ti sannipatitā, ‘‘saṅghino’’ti vattabbe <span class="bld">‘‘saṅghī’’</span>ti puthutthe ekavacanaṃ brāhmaṇagahapatikānaṃ adhippetattā, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘etesa’’</span>nti. Rājarājaññādīnaṃ bhaṇḍadharā purisā khatā, nesaṃ <a name="P1.0409"></a> tāyanato <span class="bld">khattā.</span> So hi yehi yattha pesito, tattha tesaṃ dosaṃ pariharanto yuttapattavasena pucchitamatthaṃ katheti, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘pucchitapañhe byākaraṇasamattho’’</span>ti. Kulāpadesādinā mahatī mattā etassāti <span class="bld">mahāmatto.</span></p>
<p class="subhead">Soṇadaṇḍaguṇakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para303"></a><a name="para303_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">303</span>. Visiṭṭhaṃ rajjaṃ virajjaṃ, virajjameva verajjaṃ yathā ‘‘vekataṃ vesaya’’nti, nānāvidhaṃ verajjaṃ <span class="bld">nānāverajjaṃ,</span> tattha jātātiādinā sabbaṃ vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Uttamabrāhmaṇo</span>ti <a name="V1.0278"></a> abhijanasampattiyā vittasampattiyā vijjāsampattiyā uggatataro, uḷāro vā brāhmaṇo. <span class="bld">Asannipāto</span>ti lābhamaccharena nippīḷitatāya asannipāto viya bhavissati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Aṅgeti <a name="M1.0314"></a> gameti ñāpetīti <span class="bld">aṅgaṃ,</span> hetūti āha <span class="bld">‘‘imināpi kāraṇenā’’</span>ti. ‘‘Ubhato sujāto’’ti ettake vutte yehi kehici dvīhi bhāgehi sujātatā viññāyeyya. Sujāta-saddo ca ‘‘sujāto cārudassano’’tiādīsu (theragā. 818) ārohasampattipariyāyoti jātivaseneva sujātataṃ vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘mātito ca pitito cā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Anorasaputtavasenāpi loke mātupitusamaññā dissati, idha panassa orasaputtavaseneva icchitāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘saṃsuddhagahaṇiko’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Gabbhaṃ gaṇhāti dhāretīti <span class="bld">gahaṇī,</span> gabbhāsayasaññito mātukucchippadeso. Yathābhuttassa <a name="P1.0410"></a> āhārassa vipācanavasena gaṇhanato achaḍḍanato <span class="bld">gahaṇī,</span> kammajatejodhātu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pitā ca mātā ca pitaro, pitūnaṃ pitaro pitāmahā, tesaṃ yugo dvando <span class="bld">pitāmahayugo,</span> tasmā, yāva sattamā pitāmahayugā pitāmahadvandāti evamettha attho daṭṭhabbo. Evañhi pitāmahaggahaṇeneva mātāmahopi gahitoti. So aṭṭhakathāyaṃ visuṃ na uddhaṭo. Yuga-saddo cettha ekasesanayena daṭṭhabbo ‘‘yugo ca yugo ca yugā’’ti. Evañhi tattha tattha dvandaṃ gahitameva hoti, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tato uddhaṃ sabbepi pubbapurisā pitāmahaggahaṇeneva gahitā’’</span>ti. Purisaggahaṇañcettha ukkaṭṭhaniddesavasena katanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Evañhi ‘‘mātito’’ti pāḷivacanaṃ samatthitaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Akkhitto</span>ti appattakhepo. <span class="bld">Anavakkhitto</span>ti saddhathālipākādīsu na avakkhitto na chaḍḍito. <span class="bld">Jātivādenā</span>ti hetumhi karaṇavacananti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kena kāraṇenā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Ettha ca <span class="bld">‘‘ubhato…pe… pitāmahayugā’’</span>ti etena brāhmaṇassa yonidosābhāvo dassito saṃsuddhagahaṇikabhāvakittanato, <span class="bld">‘‘akkhitto’’</span>ti iminā kiriyāparādhābhāvo. Kiriyāparādhena hi sattā khepaṃ pāpuṇanti. <span class="bld">‘‘Anupakkuṭṭho’’</span>ti iminā ayuttasaṃsaggābhāvo. Ayuttasaṃsaggampi hi paṭicca sattā akkosaṃ labhanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Issaro</span>ti ādhipateyyasaṃvattaniyakammabalena īsanasīlo, sā panassa issaratā vibhavasampattipaccayā pākaṭā jātāti aḍḍhatāpariyāyabhāveneva vadanto <span class="bld">‘‘aḍḍhoti issaro’’</span>ti āha. Mahantaṃ dhanaṃ assa bhūmigatañceva vehāsaṭṭhañcāti <span class="bld">mahaddhano. Tassā</span>ti tassa tassa<a name="M1.0315"></a><a name="P1.0411"></a>. <span class="bld">Vadanti</span> ‘‘anvayato, byatirekato ca anupasaṅkamanakāraṇaṃ kittemā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Adhikarūpo</span>ti <a name="V1.0279"></a> visiṭṭharūpo uttamasarīro. Dassanaṃ arahatīti <span class="bld">dassanīyo,</span> tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘dassanayoggo’’</span>ti. Pasādaṃ āvahatīti <span class="bld">pāsādiko,</span> tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘cittappasādajananato’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Vaṇṇassā</span>ti vaṇṇadhātuyā. <span class="bld">Sarīra</span>nti sannivesavisiṭṭhaṃ karacaraṇagīvāsīsādiavayavasamudāyaṃ, so ca saṇṭhānamukhena gayhatīti <span class="bld">‘‘paramāya vaṇṇapokkharatāyāti…pe… sampattiyā cā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Sabbavaṇṇesu suvaṇṇavaṇṇova uttamoti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘seṭṭhena suvaṇṇavaṇṇena samannāgato’’</span>ti. Tathā hi buddhā, cakkavattino ca suvaṇṇavaṇṇāva honti. <span class="bld">Brahmavacchasī</span>ti uttamasarīrābho, suvaṇṇābho icceva attho. Imameva hi atthaṃ sandhāya <span class="bld">‘‘mahābrahmuno sarīrasadiseneva sarīrena samannāgato’’</span>ti vuttaṃ, na brahmujugattataṃ. <span class="bld">Akhuddāvakāso dassanāyā</span>ti ārohapariṇāhasampattiyā, avayavapāripūriyā ca dassanāya okāso na khuddako, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbānevā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yamaniyamalakkhaṇaṃ <span class="bld">sīlamassa atthīti sīlavā.</span> Taṃ panassa rattaññutāya <span class="bld">vuddhaṃ vaḍḍhitaṃ atthīti vuddhasīlī.</span> Tena ca sabbadā sammāyogato <span class="bld">vuddhasīlena samannāgato. Sabbametaṃ pañcasīlamattameva sandhāya vadanti</span> tato paraṃ sīlassa tattha abhāvato, tesañca ajānanato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ṭhānakaraṇasampattiyā, sikkhāsampattiyā ca katthacipi anūnatāya parimaṇḍalapadāni byañjanāni akkharāni etissāti <span class="bld">parimaṇḍalapadabyañjanā.</span> Atha vā pajjati attho <a name="P1.0412"></a> etenāti padaṃ, nāmādi. Yathādhippetamatthaṃ byañjetīti byañjanaṃ, vākyaṃ. Tesaṃ paripuṇṇatāya <span class="bld">parimaṇḍalapadabyañjanā.</span> Atthañāpane sādhanatāya vācāva karaṇanti <span class="bld">vākkaraṇaṃ,</span> udāhāraghoso. <span class="bld">Guṇaparipuṇṇabhāvena</span> tassa brāhmaṇassa, tena vā bhāsitabbaatthassa. <span class="bld">Pūre</span> puṇṇabhāve. <span class="bld">Pūre</span>ti ca purimasmiṃ atthe ādhāre bhummaṃ, dutiyasmiṃ visaye. <span class="bld">‘‘Sukhumālattanenā’’</span>ti iminā tassā vācāya mudusaṇhabhāvamāha. <span class="bld">Apalibuddhāya</span> pittasemhādīhi. <span class="bld">Sandiṭṭhaṃ</span> sabbaṃ dassetvā viya ekadesaṃ kathanaṃ. <span class="bld">Vilambitaṃ</span> saṇikaṃ cirāyitvā kathanaṃ. ‘‘Sandiddhavilambitādī’’ti vā pāṭho. Tattha <span class="bld">sandiddhaṃ</span> sandehajanakaṃ. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena dukkhalitānukaḍḍhitādiṃ <a name="M1.0316"></a> saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">‘‘Ādimajjhapariyosānaṃ pākaṭaṃ katvā’’</span>ti iminā tassā vācāya atthapāripūriṃ vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Jiṇṇo’’</span>tiādīni padāni suviññeyyāni, heṭṭhā vuttatthāni ca. Dutiyanaye pana <span class="bld">jiṇṇo</span>ti nāyaṃ jiṇṇatā vayomattena, atha kho kulaparivaṭṭena purāṇatāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘jiṇṇoti porāṇo’’</span>tiādi, tena tassa brāhmaṇassa kulavasena uditoditabhāvamāha. Jātivuddhiyā ‘‘vayoanuppatto’’ti vakkhamānattā, guṇavuddhiyā tato sātisayattā ca <span class="bld">‘‘vuddhoti sīlācārādiguṇavuddhiyā yutto’’</span>ti āha. Tathā jātimahallakatāya <a name="P1.0413"></a> vakkhamānattā <span class="bld">‘‘mahallako’’</span>ti <a name="V1.0280"></a> padena vibhavamahattatā yojitā. <span class="bld">Maggapaṭipanno</span>ti brāhmaṇānaṃ paṭipattivīthiṃ upagato taṃ avokkamma caraṇato. <span class="bld">Antimavaya</span>nti pacchimavayaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Buddhaguṇakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para304"></a><a name="para304_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">304</span>. Tādisehi mahānubhāvehi saddhiṃ yugaggāhavasenapi dahanaṃ na mādisānaṃ anucchavikaṃ, kuto pana ukkaṃsananti idaṃ brāhmaṇassa na yuttarūpanti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘na kho pana metaṃ yutta’’</span>ntiādi. <span class="bld">Sadisā</span>ti ekadesena sadisā. Na hi buddhānaṃ guṇehi sabbathā sadisā kecipi guṇā aññesu labbhanti. <span class="bld">Itare</span>ti attano guṇehi asadisaguṇe. <span class="bld">Ida</span>nti idaṃ atthajātaṃ. <span class="bld">Gopadaka</span>nti gāviyā pade ṭhitaudakaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saṭṭhikulasatasahassa</span>nti saṭṭhisahassādhikaṃ kulasatasahassaṃ <span class="bld">kulapariyāyenā</span>ti suddhodanamahārājassa kulānukkamena <span class="bld">āgataṃ. Tesupī</span>ti tesupi catūsu nidhīsu. <span class="bld">Gahitagahita</span>nti gahitaṃ gahitaṃ ṭhānaṃ pūratiyeva dhanena paṭipākatikameva hoti. <span class="bld">Aparimāṇoyevā</span>ti ‘‘ettako eso’’ti kenaci paricchindituṃ asakkuṇeyyatāya aparicchinno eva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti mañcake. <span class="bld">Sīhaseyyaṃ kappesī</span>ti yathā rāhu asurindo āyāmato, vitthārato ubbedhato ca bhagavato rūpakāyassa paricchedaṃ gahetuṃ na sakkoti, tathā rūpaṃ iddhābhisaṅkhāraṃ abhisaṅkharonto sīhaseyyaṃ kappesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kilesehi <a name="M1.0317"></a> ārakattā parisuddhaṭṭhena <span class="bld">ariya</span>nti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ariyaṃ uttamaṃ parisuddha’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Anavajjaṭṭhena kusalaṃ,</span> na sukhavipākaṭṭhena. Katthaci <a name="P1.0414"></a> <span class="bld">caturāsītipāṇasahassāni,</span> katthaci <span class="bld">aparimāṇāpi devamanussā</span> yasmā catuvīsatiyā ṭhānesu asaṅkhyeyyā aparimeyyā devamanussā <span class="bld">maggaphalāmataṃ</span> piviṃsu, koṭisatasahassādiparimāṇenapi bahū eva, <span class="bld">tasmā</span> anuttarācārasikkhāpanavasena bhagavā <span class="bld">bahūnaṃ ācariyo. Te</span>ti kāmarāgato aññe bhagavato pahīnakilese. <span class="bld">Keḷanā</span>ti keḷāyanā dhanāyanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Apāpapurekkhāro</span>ti apāpe pure karoti, na vā pāpaṃ purato karotītipi apāpapurekkhāroti imamatthaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘apāpe navalokuttaradhamme’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">apāpe</span>ti pāpapaṭipakkhe, pāparahite ca. Brahmani seṭṭhe buddhe bhagavati bhavā tassa dhammadesanāvasena ariyāya <a name="V1.0281"></a> jātiyā jātattā, brahmuno vā bhagavato hitā garukaraṇādinā, yathānusiṭṭhapaṭipattiyā ca, brahmaṃ vā seṭṭhaṃ ariyamaggaṃ jānātīti <span class="bld">brahmaññā,</span> ariyasāvakasaṅkhātā pajā, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sāriputtā’’</span>tiādi. Pakatibrāhmaṇajātivasenāpi ‘‘brahmaññāya pajāyā’’ti padassa attho veditabboti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘apicā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld"> Tiroraṭṭhā tirojanapadā</span>ti ettha rajjaṃ <span class="bld">raṭṭhaṃ,</span> rājanti rājāno etenāti, tadekadesabhūtā padesā pana <span class="bld">janapado,</span>janā pajjanti ettha sukhajīvikaṃ pāpuṇantīti. Pucchāya vā dosaṃ sallakkhetvāti sambandho. <span class="bld">Asamatthata</span>nti attano asamatthataṃ. <span class="bld">Bhagavā vissajjeti</span> tesaṃ upanissayasampattiṃ, ñāṇaparipākaṃ, cittācārañca ñatvāti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Ehi</span> <a name="P1.0415"></a> <span class="bld">svāgatavādī’’</span>ti iminā sukhasambhāsapubbakaṃ piyavāditaṃ dasseti, <span class="bld">‘‘sakhilo’’</span>ti iminā saṇhavācataṃ, <span class="bld">‘‘sammodako’’</span>ti iminā paṭisandhārakusalataṃ, <span class="bld">‘‘abhākuṭiko’’</span>ti iminā sabbattheva vippasannamukhataṃ, <span class="bld">‘‘uttānamukho’’</span>ti iminā sukhālāpataṃ, <span class="bld">‘‘pubbabhāsī’’</span>ti iminā dhammānuggahassa okāsakaraṇato hitajjhāsayataṃ bhagavato vibhāveti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yattha kirā</span>ti <span class="bld">kira</span>-saddo arucisūcanattho, tena bhagavatā adhivutthapadese na devatānubhāvena manussānaṃ anupaddavatā, atha kho buddhānubhāvenāti dasseti. Tenāha ‘‘apicā’’tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anusāsitabbo</span>ti <a name="M1.0318"></a> vineyyajanasamūho gayhatīti nibbattitaṃ ariyasaṅghameva dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sayaṃ vā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ, anantarassa vidhi paṭisedho vāti katvā. <span class="bld">‘‘Tādisovā’’</span>ti iminā ‘‘sayaṃ vā’’tiādinā vuttavikappo eva paccāmaṭṭhoti. ‘‘Purimapadasseva vā’’ti vikappantaraggahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Bahūnaṃ titthakarāna</span>nti pūraṇādīnaṃ anekesaṃ titthakarānaṃ, niddhāraṇe cetaṃ sāmivacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Kāraṇenā</span>ti appicchasantuṭṭhatādisamāropanalakkhaṇena kāraṇena. <span class="bld">Āgantukā navakā</span>ti abhinavā āgantukā abbhāgatā. <span class="bld">Pariyāpuṇāmī</span>ti paricchindituṃ jānāmi sakkomi, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘jānāmī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">‘‘Kappampi ce aññamabhāsamāno’’</span>ti abhūtaparikappanavacanametaṃ tathā bhāsamānassa abhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para305"></a><a name="para305_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">305</span>. Alaṃ-saddo <a name="P1.0416"></a> arahattopi hoti ‘‘alameva nibbinditu’’ntiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 1.124) viyāti <a name="V1.0282"></a> āha <span class="bld">‘‘alamevāti yuttamevā’’</span>ti. Puṭena netvā asitabbato paribhuñjitabbato <span class="bld">puṭosaṃ vuccati pātheyyaṃ. Puṭaṃsena</span> purisena.</p>
<p class="subhead">Soṇadaṇḍaparivitakkavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para307"></a><a name="para307_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">307</span>. <span class="bld">Ubhatopakkhikā</span>ti micchādiṭṭhisammādiṭṭhīnaṃ vasena ubhayapakkhikā. <span class="bld">Kerāṭikā</span>ti saṭhā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Brāhmaṇapaññattivaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para309"></a><a name="para309_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">309</span>. <span class="bld">Vighāta</span>nti cittadukkhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para311-3"></a><a name="para311-3_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">311-3</span>. <span class="bld">Suja</span>nti homadabbiṃ <span class="bld">paggaṇhantesū</span>ti juhanatthaṃ gaṇhanakesu, irubbijjesūti attho. <span class="bld">Paṭhamo vā</span>ti tattha sannipatitesu yajanakiriyāyaṃ sabbapadhāno vā. <span class="bld">Dutiyo vā</span>ti tadanantaro vā. <span class="bld">‘‘Suja’’</span>nti karaṇe etaṃ upayogavacananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sujāyā’’</span>ti. Aggihuttapamukhatāya yaññassa yaññe diyyamānaṃ sujāmukhena dīyatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sujāya diyyamāna’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Porāṇā</span>ti aṭṭhakathācariyā. <span class="bld">Visesato</span>ti vijjācaraṇavisesato, na brāhmaṇehi icchitavijjācaraṇamattato. <span class="bld">Uttamabrāhmaṇassā</span>ti anuttaradakkhiṇeyyatāya ukkaṭṭhabrāhmaṇassa. <span class="bld">Brāhmaṇasamaya</span>nti brāhmaṇasiddhantaṃ. <span class="bld">Mā bhindi</span> mā vināsesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para316"></a><a name="para316_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">316</span>. <span class="bld">Samasamo</span>ti <a name="M1.0319"></a> samoyeva hutvā samo. Hīnopamavasenapi samatā vuccatīti taṃ nivattento <span class="bld">‘‘ṭhapetvā ekadesasamatta’’</span>ntiādimāha. <span class="bld">Kulakoṭiparidīpana</span>nti kulaādiparidīpanaṃ <span class="bld">athāpi</span> <a name="P1.0417"></a> <span class="bld">siyā</span>ti athāpi tumhākaṃ evaṃ parivitakko siyā. <span class="bld">Brāhmaṇabhāvaṃ sādheti</span> vaṇṇo. <span class="bld">Mantajātīsu</span>pi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Sīlameva sādhessati</span> brāhmaṇabhāvaṃ. Kasmāti ce? Āha <span class="bld">‘‘tasmiñhissā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Sammohamattaṃ vaṇṇādayo</span>ti vaṇṇamantajātiyo hi brāhmaṇabhāvassa aṅganti sammohamattametaṃ asamavekkhitābhimānabhāvato.</p>
<p class="subhead">Sīlapaññākathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para317"></a><a name="para317_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">317</span>. <span class="bld">Kathito brāhmaṇena pañho</span>ti ‘‘sīlavā ca hotī’’tiādinā dvinnameva aṅgānaṃ vasena <a name="V1.0283"></a> yathāpucchito pañho yāthāvato vissajjito <span class="bld">etthā</span>ti etasmiṃ yathāvissajjite atthe. <span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti soṇadaṇḍassa. <span class="bld">Sīlaparisuddhā</span>ti sīlasampattiyā sabbaso suddhā anupakkiliṭṭhā. <span class="bld">Kuto dussīle paññā</span> asamāhitattā tassa. <span class="bld">Jaḷe eḷamūge kuto sīla</span>nti jaḷe eḷamūge duppaññe kuto sīlaṃ sīlavibhāgassa, sīlaparisodhanūpāyassa ca ajānanato. Pakaṭṭhaṃ ukkaṭṭhaṃ ñāṇaṃ paññāṇanti, pākatikaṃ ñāṇaṃ nivattetuṃ ‘‘paññāṇa’’nti vuttanti tayidaṃ pakārehi jānanato <span class="bld">paññāvā</span>ti āha <span class="bld">‘‘paññāṇanti paññā yevā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sīlenadhotā</span>ti samādhipadaṭṭhānena sīlena sakalasaṃkilesamalavisuddhiyā dhotā visuddhā, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kathaṃ panā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">dhovatī</span>ti sujjhati. <span class="bld">Mahāsaṭṭhivassatthero viyā</span>ti saṭṭhivassamahāthero viya. <span class="bld">Vedanāpariggahamattampī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">vedanāpariggaho</span> nāma yathāuppannaṃ vedanaṃ sabhāvarasato upadhāretvā ‘‘ayaṃ vedanā phassaṃ paṭicca, so phasso anicco dukkho vipariṇāmadhammo’’ti lakkhaṇattayaṃ āropetvā pavattitavipassanā. Evaṃ vipassantena <a name="P1.0418"></a> ‘‘sukhena sakkā sā vedanā adhivāsetuṃ ‘‘vedanā eva vediyatī’’ti. <span class="bld">Vedanaṃ vikkhambhetvā</span>ti yathāuppannaṃ dukkhaṃ vedanaṃ ananuvattitvā vipassanaṃ ārabhitvā vīthiṃ paṭipannāya vipassanāya taṃ vinodetvā. <span class="bld">Saṃsumārapatitenā</span>ti kumbhīlena viya bhūmiyaṃ <a name="M1.0320"></a> urena nipajjanena. <span class="bld">Paññāya sīlaṃ dhovitvā</span>ti akhaṇḍādibhāvāpādanena sīlaṃ ādimajjhapariyosānesu paññāya suvisodhitaṃ katvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para318"></a><a name="para318_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">318</span>. <span class="bld">‘‘Kasmā āhā’’</span>ti uparidesanāya kāraṇaṃ pucchati. <span class="bld">Lajjā</span> nāma ‘‘sīlassa jātiyā ca guṇadosapakāsanena samaṇena gotamena pucchitapañhaṃ vissajjesī’’ti parisāya paññātatā. <span class="bld">Ettakaparamā</span>ti ettakaukkaṃsakoṭikā pañca sīlāni, vedattayavibhāvanaṃ paññañca lakkhaṇādito niddhāretvā jānanaṃ natthi, kevalaṃ tattha vacīparamā mayanti dassetīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sīlapaññāṇanti vacanameva paramaṃ amhāka’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">‘‘Ayaṃ pana viseso’’</span>ti idaṃ niyyātanāpekkhaṃ sīlaniddese, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sīlamicceva niyyātita’’</span>nti. Sāmaññaphale pana ‘‘sāmaññaphala’’ micceva niyyātitaṃ, paññāniddese pana jhānapaññaṃ adhiṭṭhānaṃ katvā vipassanāpaññāvaseneva paññāniyyātanaṃ kataṃ, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘paṭhamajjhānādīnī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Soṇadaṇḍaupāsakattapaṭivedanākathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para321-2"></a><a name="para321-2_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">321-2</span>. <span class="bld">Nattā</span>ti puttaputto. Agāravaṃ nāma natthi, na cāyaṃ bhagavati agāravena ‘‘ahañceva <a name="V1.0284"></a> kho panā’’tiādimāha, atha kho attalābhaparihānibhayena. Ayañhi yathā tathā attano mahājanassa sambhāvanaṃ uppādetvā kohaññena <a name="P1.0419"></a> pare vimhāpetvā lābhuppādaṃ nijigisanto vicarati, tasmā tathā avoca, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘iminā kirā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Taṅkhaṇānurūpāyā</span>ti yādisī tadā tassa ajjhāsayappavatti, tadanurūpāyāti attho. Tassa tadā tādisassa vivaṭṭasannissitassa ñāṇassa paripākassa abhāvato kevalaṃ abbhudayanissito eva attho dassitoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘diṭṭhadhammikasamparāyikamatthaṃ sandassetvā’’</span>ti, paccakkhato vibhāvetvāti attho. <span class="bld">Kusale dhamme</span>ti tebhūmake kusale dhamme, ‘‘catubhūmake’’tipi vattuṃ vaṭṭatiyeva, tenevāha ‘‘āyatiṃ nibbānatthāya vāsanābhāgiyā vā’’ti. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti kusaladhamme yathā samādapite. <span class="bld">Na</span>nti brāhmaṇaṃ <span class="bld">samuttejetvā</span>ti sammadeva uparūpari nisānetvā puññakiriyāya tikkhavisadabhāvaṃ āpādetvā. Taṃ pana atthato tattha ussāhajananaṃ hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘saussāhaṃ katvā’’</span>ti<a name="M1.0321"></a>. Evaṃ puññakiriyāya saussāhatā, evarūpaṃ guṇasamaṅgitā ca niyamato diṭṭhadhammikā atthasampādanīti evaṃ <span class="bld">saussāhatāya, aññehi ca</span> tasmiṃ <span class="bld">vijjamānaguṇehi sampahaṃsetvā</span> sammadeva haṭṭhatuṭṭhabhāvaṃ āpādetvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadi bhagavā dhammaratanavassaṃ vassi, atha kasmā so visesaṃ nādhigacchatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘brāhmaṇo panā’’</span>tiādi. Yadi evaṃ kasmā bhagavā tassa tathā dhammaratanavassaṃ vassīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kevalamassā’’</span>tiādi. Na hi bhagavato niratthakā desanā hotīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Soṇadaṇḍasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā.</p>
<p class="chapter"><a name="dn1_5"></a>5. Kūṭadantasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para323"></a><a name="para323_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">323</span>. <span class="bld">Purimasuttadvaye</span>ti <a name="M1.0322"></a><a name="V1.0285"></a><a name="P1.0420"></a> ambaṭṭhasoṇadaṇḍasuttadvaye. <span class="bld">Vuttanayamevā</span>ti yaṃ tattha āgatasadisaṃ idhāgataṃ taṃ atthavaṇṇanato vuttanayameva, tattha vuttanayeneva veditabbanti attho. ‘‘Taruṇo ambarukkho ambalaṭṭhikā’’ti (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 1.2) brahmajālasuttavaṇṇanāyaṃ vuttanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ambalaṭṭhikā brahmajāle vuttasadisāvā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yaññāvāṭaṃ sampādetvā mahāyaññaṃ uddissa saviññāṇakāni, aviññāṇakāni ca yaññūpakaraṇāni upaṭṭhapitānīti vuttaṃ pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘mahāyañño upakkhaṭo’’ti, taṃ upakkharaṇaṃ tesaṃ tathāsajjananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘upakkhaṭoti sajjito’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Vacchatarasatānī</span>ti yuvabhāvappattāni balavavacchasatāni, te pana vacchā eva honti, na dammā balibaddā cāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vacchasatānī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ete</span>ti usabhādayo urabbhapariyosānā. <span class="bld">Anekesa</span>nti anekajātikānaṃ. Saṅkhyāvasena anekatā sattasataggahaṇeneva paricchinnā. <span class="bld">Migapakkhīna</span>nti mahiṃsarurupasadakuruṅgagokaṇṇamigānañceva morakapiñjaratittirakapotādipakkhīnañca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para328"></a><a name="para328_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">328</span>. Yaññasaṅkhātassa puññassa yo saṃkileso, tassa nivāraṇato <a name="P1.0421"></a> nisedhanato <span class="bld">vidhā</span> vuccanti vippaṭisāravinodanā. Tato eva tā taṃ puññābhisandaṃ avicchinditvā ṭhapentīti <span class="bld">‘‘ṭhapanā’’</span>ti vuttā. Tāsaṃ pana yaññassa ādimajjhapariyosānavasena tīsu kālesu pavattiyā yañño tiṭṭhapanoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tiṭṭhapananti attho’’</span>ti. Parikkharonti abhisaṅkharontīti <span class="bld">parikkhārā,</span> parivārāti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Soḷasaparikkhāranti soḷasaparivāra’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Mahāvijitarājayaññakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para336"></a><a name="para336_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">336</span>. <span class="bld">Pubbacarita</span>nti attano purimajātisambhūtaṃ bodhisambhārabhūtaṃ puññacariyaṃ. Tathā hissa <a name="V1.0286"></a> anugāminova nidhissa thāvaro nidhi nidassito. Aḍḍhatā nāma vibhavasampannatā, sā taṃ taṃ upādāyupādāya vuccatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yo koci attano santakena vibhavena aḍḍho hotī’’</span>ti<a name="M1.0323"></a>. Tathā mahaddhanatāpīti taṃ ukkaṃsagataṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘mahatā aparimāṇasaṅkhyena dhanena samannāgato’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Bhuñjitabbato paribhuñjitabbato visesato kāmā <span class="bld">bhogo</span> nāmāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pañcakāmaguṇavasenā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Piṇḍapiṇḍavasenā</span>ti bhājanālaṅkārādivibhāgaṃ ahutvā kevalaṃ khaṇḍakhaṇḍavasena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Māsakādī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena thālakādiṃ saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Bhājanādī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena vatthaseyyāvasathādiṃ saṅgaṇhāti. Suvaṇṇarajatamaṇimuttāveḷuriyavajirapavāḷāni <span class="bld">‘‘sattaratanānī’’</span>ti vadanti. Sālivīhiādi <span class="bld">pubbaṇṇaṃ</span> purakkhataṃsassaphalanti katvā. Tabbipariyāyato muggamāsādi <span class="bld">aparaṇṇaṃ. Devasikaṃ…pe… vasenā</span>ti divase divase paribhuñjitabbadātabbavaḍḍhetabbādividhinā parivattanakadhanadhaññavasena.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Koṭṭhaṃ vuccati dhaññassa āṭhapanaṭṭhānaṃ, koṭṭhabhūtaṃ agāraṃ <span class="bld">koṭṭhāgāraṃ</span> tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘dhaññena…pe… gāro cā’’</span>ti. Evaṃ <a name="P1.0422"></a> sāragabbhaṃ ‘‘koso’’ti, dhaññassa āṭhapanaṭṭhānañca ‘‘koṭṭhāgāra’’nti dassetvā idāni tato aññathā taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘atha vā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha yathā asino tikkhabhāvaparihārato paricchado ‘‘koso’’ti vuccati, evaṃ rañño tikkhabhāvapariharaṇattā caturaṅginī senā ‘‘koso’’ti āha <span class="bld">‘‘catubbidho koso hatthī assā rathā pattī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">‘‘Vatthakoṭṭhāgāraggahaṇeneva</span> sabbassāpi bhaṇḍaṭṭhapanaṭṭhānassa gahitattā tividhaṃ koṭṭhāgāranti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Idaṃ evaṃ bahu’’</span>ntiādi rājā tamatthaṃ jānantova bhaṇḍāgārikena kathāpetvā parisāya nissaddabhāvāpādanatthañca āha evaṃ me pakatikkhobho na bhavissatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para337-8"></a><a name="para337-8_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">337-8</span>. <span class="bld">Brāhmaṇo cintesi</span> janapadassa anupaddavatthañceva yaññassa ca cirānupavattanatthañca, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ayaṃ rājā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sattānaṃ hitassa sukhassa ca vidūsanato ahitassa dukkhassa ca āvahanato corā eva kaṇṭakā, tehi <span class="bld">corakaṇṭakehi.</span> Yathā gāmavāsīnaṃ ghātā gāmaghātā, evaṃ panthikānaṃ duhanā vibādhanā <span class="bld">panthaduhanā. Adhammakārī</span>ti dhammato apetassa ayuttassa karaṇasīlo, attano vijite janapadādīnaṃ tato anatthato tāyanena khattiyo <a name="M1.0324"></a> yo khattadhammo, tassa vā akaraṇasīloti attho. Dassavo eva khīlasadisattā <span class="bld">dassukhīlaṃ.</span> Yathā hi khette khīlaṃ kasanādīnaṃ sukhappavattiṃ<a name="V1.0287"></a>, mūlasantānena sassassa buddhiñca vibandhati, evaṃ dassavo rajje rājāṇāya sukhappavattiṃ, mūlaviruḷhiyā janapadānaṃ <a name="P1.0423"></a> paribuddhiñca vibandhanti. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘dassavo eva khīlasadisattā dassukhīla’’nti. <span class="bld">Vadha</span>-saddo hiṃsanatthopi hotīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘māraṇena vā koṭṭanena vā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Addubandhanādinā</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena rajjubandhanasaṅkhalikabandhanādiṃ saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Jāniyā</span>ti dhanajāniyā, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sataṃ gaṇhathā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Pañcasikhamuṇḍakaraṇa</span>nti kākapakkhakaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Gomayasiñcana</span>nti sīse chakaṇodakāvasecanaṃ. <span class="bld">Kudaṇḍakabandhana</span>nti gaddulabandhanaṃ. <span class="bld">Evamādīnī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena khuramuṇḍaṃ karitvā bhasmapuṭapothanādiṃ saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Ūhanissāmī</span>ti uddharissāmi, apanessāmīti attho. <span class="bld">Ussahantī</span>ti pubbe tattha kataparicayatāya ussāhaṃ kātuṃ sakkonti. <span class="bld">Anuppadetū</span>ti anu anu padetu, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘dinne appahonte’’</span>tiādi. Sakkhikaraṇapaṇṇāropanāni vaḍḍhiyā saha vā vinā vā puna gahetukāmassa, idha pana taṃ natthīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sakkhiṃ akatvā’’</span>tiādi, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘mūlacchejjavasenā’’</span>ti. Pakārato bhaṇḍāni ābharati sambharati paricayati etenāti <span class="bld">pābhataṃ,</span> bhaṇḍamūlaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Divase divase dātabbabhattaṃ <span class="bld">devasikabhattaṃ.</span> ‘‘Anumāsaṃ, anuposatha’’ntiādinā dātabbaṃ vetanaṃ <span class="bld">māsikādiparibbayaṃ.</span> Tassa tassa kulānurūpena kammānurūpena sūrabhāvānurūpenāti paccekaṃ anurūpa-saddo yojetabbo. Senāpaccādi <span class="bld">ṭhānantaraṃ.</span> Sakakammapasutattā<a name="P1.0424"></a>, anupaddavattā ca <span class="bld">dhanadhaññānaṃ rāsiko</span> rāsikārabhūto. <span class="bld">Khemena ṭhitā</span>ti anupaddavena pavattā, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘abhayā’’</span>ti, kutocipi bhayarahitāti attho.</p>
<p class="subhead">Catuparikkhāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para339"></a><a name="para339_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">339</span>. Tasmiṃ tasmiṃ kicce anuyanti anuvattantīti anuyantā, anuyantā eva <span class="bld">ānuyantā</span> yathā ‘‘anubhāvo eva ānubhāvo’’ti. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti rañño. <span class="bld">Te</span>ti ānuyantakhattiyādayo. <span class="bld">Attamanā na bhavissanti</span> ‘‘amhe ettha bahi karotī’’ti. Nibandhavipulāgamo gāmo <span class="bld">nigamo,</span> vivaḍḍhitamahāāyo <a name="M1.0325"></a> mahāgāmoti attho. <span class="bld">Janapada</span>-saddo heṭṭhā vuttattho eva. Channaṃ pakatīnaṃ vasena rañño hitasukhābhibuddhi, tadekadesā ca ānuyantādayoti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ tumhākaṃ anujānanaṃ mama bhaveyya dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāyā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Amā saha bhavanti kiccesūti <span class="bld">amaccā,</span> rajjakiccavosāsanakā. Te pana rañño piyā, sahapavattanakā ca hontīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘piyasahāyakā’’</span>ti. Rañño parisati bhavāti <span class="bld">pārisajjā</span><a name="V1.0288"></a>, te pana keti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sesā āṇattikarā’’</span>ti, yathāvuttaānuyantakhattiyādī hi avasesā rañño āṇākarāti attho. Satipi deyyadhamme ānubhāvasampattiyā, parivārasampattiyā ca abhāve tādisaṃ dātuṃ na sakkā, vuḍḍhakāle <a name="P1.0425"></a> ca tādisānampi rājūnaṃ tadubhayaṃ hāyatevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘mahallakakāle…pe… na sakkā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Anumatiyā</span>ti anujānanena, <span class="bld">pakkhā</span>ti sapakkhā yaññassa aṅgabhūtā. Parikkharontīti <span class="bld">parikkhārā,</span> sambhārā. Ime tassa yaññassa aṅgabhūtā parivārā viya hontīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘parivārā bhavantī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Aṭṭhaparikkhāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para340"></a><a name="para340_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">340</span>. <span class="bld">Yasasā</span>ti ānubhāvena, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘āṇāṭhapanasamatthatāyā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Saddahatī</span>ti ‘‘dātā dānassa phalaṃ paccanubhotī’’ti pattiyāyati. Dāne sūroti <span class="bld">dānasūro</span> deyyadhamme īsakampi saṅgaṃ akatvā muttacāgo. Svāyamattho kammassakataññāṇassa tikkhavisadabhāvena veditabbo, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘na saddhāmattakenevā’’</span>tiādi. Yassa hi kammassakatā paccakkhato viya upaṭṭhāti, so evaṃ vutto. <span class="bld">Yaṃ dānaṃ detī</span>ti yaṃ deyyadhammaṃ parassa deti. <span class="bld">Tassa pati hutvā</span>ti tabbisayaṃ lobhaṃ suṭṭhu abhibhavanto tassa adhipati hutvā deti anadhibhavanīyattā. ‘‘Na dāso, na sahāyo’’ti vatvā tadubhayaṃ anvayato, byatirekato ca dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yo hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Dāso hutvā deti</span> taṇhāya dānassa dāsabyataṃ upagatattā. <span class="bld">Sahāyo hutvā deti</span> tassa piyabhāvānissajjanato. <span class="bld">Sāmī hutvā deti</span> tattha taṇhādāsabyato attānaṃ <a name="M1.0326"></a> mocetvā abhibhuyya pavattanato. Sāmiparibhogasadisā hetassāyaṃ pavattatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samitapāpā</span> <a name="P1.0426"></a> <span class="bld">samaṇā, bāhitapāpā brāhmaṇā</span> ukkaṭṭhaniddesena, pabbajjāmattasamaṇā jātimattabrāhmaṇā pana <span class="bld">kapaṇādiggahaṇenevettha gahitā</span>ti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Duggatā</span>ti dukkarajīvikaṃ upagatā kasiravuttikā, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘daliddamanussā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Addhikā</span>ti addhānamaggagāmino. <span class="bld">Vaṇibbakā</span>ti dāyakānaṃ guṇakittanavasena, kammaphalakittanamukhena ca yācanakā seyyathāpi naggacariyādayo, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘iṭṭhaṃ dinna’’</span>ntiādi. <span class="bld">‘‘Pasatamatta’’</span>nti vīhitaṇḍulādivasena vuttaṃ, <span class="bld">‘‘sarāvamatta’’</span>nti yāgubhattādivasena. Opānaṃ vuccati ogāhetvā pātabbato naditaḷākādīnaṃ sabbasādhāraṇatitthaṃ opānaṃ viya bhūtoti <span class="bld">opānabhūto,</span> tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘udapānabhūto’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Sutameva sutajāta</span>nti <span class="bld">jāta</span>-saddassa anatthantaravācakatamāha yathā ‘‘kosajāta’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atītādiatthacintanasamatthatā nāmassa rañño anumānavasena, itikattabbatāvasena ca veditabbā<a name="V1.0289"></a>, na buddhānaṃ viya tattha paccakkhadassitāyāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘atīte’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Aḍḍhatādayo tāva yaññassa parikkhārā hontu tehi vinā tassa asijjhanato, sujātatā surūpatā pana kathanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘etehi kirā’’</span>tiādi. Ettha ca keci ‘‘yathā aḍḍhatādayo yaññassa ekaṃsato aṅgāni, na evamabhijātatā, abhirūpatā cāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">kira</span>saddaggahaṇa’’nti vadanti ‘‘ayaṃ dujjāto’’tiādi vacanassa anekantikataṃ maññamānā, tayidaṃ asāraṃ, sabbasādhāraṇavasena hesa yaññārambho tattha siyā kesañci tathāparivitakkoti tassāpi avakāsābhāvādassanatthaṃ tathā vuttattā. <span class="bld">Kira</span>-saddo pana tadā brāhmaṇena cintitākārasūcanattho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Evamādīnī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena ‘‘ayaṃ virūpo daliddo <a name="P1.0427"></a> appesakkho assaddho appassuto anatthaññū na medhāvī’’ti etesaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="subhead">Catuparikkhārādivaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para341"></a><a name="para341_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">341</span>. <span class="bld">‘‘Sujaṃ paggaṇhantāna’’</span>nti purohitassa sayameva kaṭacchuggahaṇajotanena evaṃ sahatthā, sakkaccañca dāne yuttatā icchitabbāti dasseti<a name="M1.0327"></a>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ dujjātassā</span>ti etthāpi heṭṭhā vuttanayeneva attho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para342"></a><a name="para342_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">342</span>. <span class="bld">Tiṇṇaṃ ṭhānāna</span>nti dānassa ādimajjhapariyosānabhūtāsu tīsu bhūmīsu, avatthāsūti attho. <span class="bld">Calantī</span>ti kampanti purimākārena na tiṭṭhanti. <span class="bld">Karaṇatthe</span>ti tatiyāvibhattiatthe. Kattari hetaṃ sāmivacanaṃ karaṇīyasaddāpekkhāya. ‘‘Paccānutāpo na kattabbo’’ti vatvā tassa akaraṇūpāyaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pubbacetanā pana acalā patiṭṭhapetabbā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">acalā</span>ti daḷhā kenaci asaṃhīrā. <span class="bld">Patiṭṭhapetabbā</span>ti supatiṭṭhitā kātabbā. Evaṃ karaṇena hi yathā taṃ dānaṃ sampati yathādhippāyaṃ nippajjati, evaṃ āyatimpi vipulaphalatāyāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘evañhi dānaṃ mahapphalaṃ hotīti dassetī’’</span>ti, vippaṭisārena anupakkiliṭṭhabhāvato. <span class="bld">Muñcacetanā</span>ti pariccāgacetanā. Tassā niccalabhāvo nāma muttacāgatā pubbābhisaṅkhāravasena uḷārabhāvo, samanussaraṇacetanāya pana niccalabhāvo ‘‘aho mayā dānaṃ dinnaṃ sādhu suṭṭhū’’ti tassa sakkaccaṃ paccavekkhaṇāvasena veditabbo. <span class="bld">Tathā akarontassā</span>ti muñcacetanaṃ, tattha paccāsamanussaraṇacetanañca vuttanayena niccalaṃ akarontassa vippaṭisāraṃ uppādentassa. Khettavisese pariccāgassa katattā laddhesupi <span class="bld">uḷāresu</span> <a name="P1.0428"></a> <span class="bld">bhogesu cittaṃ nāpi namati.</span> Yathā kathanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘mahāroruvaṃ upapannassa seṭṭhigahapatino viyā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">So <a name="V1.0290"></a> kira tagarasikhiṃ paccekabuddhaṃ attano gehadvāre piṇḍāya ṭhitaṃ disvā ‘‘imassa samaṇassa piṇḍapātaṃ dehī’’ti bhariyaṃ āṇāpetvā rājupaṭṭhānatthaṃ pakkāmi. Seṭṭhibhariyā sappaññajātikā, sā cintesi ‘‘mayā ettakena kālena ‘imassa dethā’ti vacanamattaṃ pissa na sutapubbaṃ, ayañca maññe ahosi paccekasambuddho, yathā tathā adatvā paṇītaṃ piṇḍapātaṃ dassāmī’’ti upagantvā paccekasambuddhaṃ pañcapatiṭṭhitena vanditvā pattaṃ ādāya antonivesane paññattāsane nisīdāpetvā parisuddhehi sālitaṇḍulehi bhattaṃ sampādetvā tadanurūpaṃ khādanīyaṃ, byañjanaṃ, sūpeyyañca abhisaṅkharitvā bahi gandhehi alaṅkaritvā paccekasambuddhassa hatthesu patiṭṭhapetvā vandi. Paccekabuddho ‘‘aññesampi paccekabuddhānaṃ saṅgahaṃ <a name="M1.0328"></a> karissāmī’’ti aparibhuñjitvāva anumodanaṃ katvā pakkāmi. Sopi kho seṭṭhi rājupaṭṭhānaṃ katvā āgacchanto paccekabuddhaṃ disvā ahaṃ ‘‘tumhākaṃ piṇḍapātaṃ dethā’’ti vatvā pakkanto, api vo laddho piṇḍapātoti. Āma seṭṭhi laddhoti. ‘‘Passāmā’’ti gīvaṃ ukkhipitvā olokesi. Athassa piṇḍapātagandho uṭṭhahitvā nāsapuṭaṃ pūresi. So ‘‘mahā vata me dhanabyayo jāto’’ti cittaṃ sandhāretuṃ asakkonto pacchā vippaṭisārī ahosi. Vippaṭisārassa pana uppannākāro ‘‘varameta’’ntiādinā (saṃ. ni. 1.131) pāḷiyaṃ āgatoyeva. Bhātu panāyaṃ ekaṃ puttakaṃ <a name="P1.0429"></a> sāpateyyakāraṇā jīvitā voropesi, tena mahāroruvaṃ upapanno. Piṇḍapātadānena panesa sattakkhattuṃ suggatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapanno, sattakkhattumeva ca seṭṭhikule nibbatto, na cāssa uḷāresu bhogesu cittaṃ nami, tena vuttaṃ ‘‘nāpi uḷāresu bhogesu cittaṃ namatī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para343"></a><a name="para343_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">343</span>. Ākaroti attano anurūpatāya samariyādaṃ saparicchedaṃ phalaṃ nibbattetīti <span class="bld">ākāro,</span> kāraṇanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘dasahi ākārehīti dasahi kāraṇehī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Paṭiggāhakato vā</span>ti balavataro hutvā uppajjamāno paṭiggāhakatova uppajjati, itaro pana deyyadhammato, parivārajanatopi uppajjeyyeva. <span class="bld">Uppajjituṃ yutta</span>nti uppajjanārahaṃ. <span class="bld">Tesaṃyeva</span> pāṇātipātīnaṃ. Yajanaṃ nāmettha dānaṃ adhippetaṃ, na aggijuhananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yajataṃ bhava</span>nti <span class="bld">detu bhava’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Vissajjatū</span>ti muttacāgavasena vissajjatu. <span class="bld">Abbhantara</span>nti ajjhattaṃ, sakasantāneti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para344"></a><a name="para344_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">344</span>. Heṭṭhā soḷasa parikkhārā vuttā yaññassa te vatthuṃ katvā, idha pana sandassanādivasena anumodanāya āraddhattā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘soḷasahi ākārehī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Dassetvā</span> attano desanānubhāvena paccakkhato viya phalaṃ dassetvā, anekavāraṃ pana kathanato ca āmeḍitavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Tamattha</span>nti yathāvuttaṃ dānaphalavasena kammaphalasambandhaṃ. <span class="bld">Samādapetvā</span>ti sutamattameva akatvā <a name="V1.0291"></a> yathā rājā tamatthaṃ sammadeva ādiyati <a name="P1.0430"></a> citte karonto suggahitaṃ katvā gaṇhāti, tathā sakkaccaṃ ādāpetvā. Āmeḍitakāraṇaṃ heṭṭhā vuttameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Vippaṭisāravinodanenā’’</span>ti <a name="M1.0329"></a> idaṃ nidassanamattaṃ lobhadosamohaissāmacchariyamānādayopi hi dānacittassa upakkilesā, tesaṃ vinodanenapi taṃ samuttejitaṃ nāma hoti tikkhavisadabhāvappattito. Āsannatarabhāvato vā vippaṭisārassa tabbinodanameva gahitaṃ, pavattitepi hi dāne tassa sambhavato. Yāthāvato vijjamānehi guṇehi tuṭṭhapahaṭṭhabhāvāpādanaṃ sampahaṃsananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sundaraṃ te…pe… thutiṃ katvā kathesī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Dhammato</span>ti saccato. Saccañhi dhammato anapetattā dhammaṃ, upasamacariyābhāvato samaṃ, yuttabhāvena kāraṇanti ca vuccatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para345"></a><a name="para345_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">345</span>. Tasmiṃ yaññe rukkhatiṇacchedopi nāma nāhosi, kuto pāṇavadhoti pāṇavadhābhāvasseva daḷhīkaraṇatthaṃ sabbaso viparītagāhāvidūsitañcassa dassetuṃ pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘neva gāvo haññiṃsū’’ti ādiṃ vatvāpi ‘‘na rukkhā chijjiṃsū’’tiādi vuttaṃ, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kiṃ pana gāvo’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Barihisatthāyā</span>ti paricchedanatthāya. <span class="bld">Vanamālāsaṅkhepenā</span>ti vanapupphehi ganthitamālāniyāmena. <span class="bld">Bhūmiyaṃ vā pattharantī</span>ti vedibhūmiṃ parikkhipantā tattha pantharanti. <span class="bld">Antogehadāsādayo</span>ti antojātadhanakkītakaramarānītasayaṃdāsā. <span class="bld">Pubbamevā</span>ti bhatikaraṇato pageva. <span class="bld">Gahetvā karontī</span>ti divase divase gahetvā karonti. <span class="bld">Tajjitā</span>ti <a name="P1.0431"></a> gajjitā. <span class="bld">Piyasamudācārenevā</span>ti iṭṭhavacaneneva. <span class="bld">Phāṇitena cevā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">ca</span>-saddo avuttasamuccayattho, tena paṇītapaṇītānaṃ nānappakārānaṃ khādanīyabhojanīyādīnañceva vatthamālāgandhavilepanayānaseyyādīnañca saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘paṇītehi sappitelādisammissehevā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para346"></a><a name="para346_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">346</span>. Saṃ nāma dhanaṃ, tassa patīti sapati, dhanavā. Diṭṭhadhammikasamparāyikahitāvahattā tassa hitanti <span class="bld">sāpateyyaṃ,</span> tadeva dhanaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘pahūtaṃ sāpateyyaṃ ādāyāti bahuṃ dhanaṃ gahetvā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Gāmabhāgenā</span>ti saṅkittanavasena gāme vā gahetabbabhāgena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para347"></a><a name="para347_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">347</span>. <span class="bld">‘‘Yāguṃ pivitvā’’</span>ti yāgusīsena pātarāsabhojanamāha. <span class="bld">Puratthimena yaññavāṭassā</span>ti rañño dānasālāya nātidūre puratthimadisābhāgeti <a name="M1.0330"></a> attho, yato tattha pātarāsaṃ bhuñjitvā akilantarūpāyeva sāyanhe sālaṃ pāpuṇanti <span class="bld">‘‘dakkhiṇena yaññavāṭassā’’</span>ti ādīsupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para348"></a><a name="para348_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">348</span>. <span class="bld">Parihārenā</span>ti <a name="V1.0292"></a> bhagavantaṃ garuṃ katvā agāravaparihārena.</p>
<p class="subhead">Niccadānaanukulayaññavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para349"></a><a name="para349_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">349</span>. <span class="bld">Uṭṭhāya samuṭṭhāyā</span>ti dāne uṭṭhānavīriyaṃ sakkaccaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Appasambhārataro</span>ti ativiya parittasambhāro. Samārabhīyati yañño etehīti samārambhā, sambhārasambharaṇavasena pavattasattapīḷā. <span class="bld">Appaṭṭhataro</span>ti pana ativiya appakiccoti attho. Vipākasaññitaṃ atisayena mahantaṃ sadisaphalaṃ etassāti <a name="P1.0432"></a> <span class="bld">mahapphalataro.</span> Udayasaññitaṃ atisayena mahantaṃ nissandādiphalaṃ etassāti <span class="bld">mahānisaṃsataro. Dhuvadānānī</span>ti dhuvāni thirāni acchinnāni katvā dātabbadānāni. <span class="bld">Anukulayaññānī</span>ti anukulaṃ kulānukkamaṃ upādāya dātabbadānāni, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘amhāka’’</span>ntiādi. <span class="bld">Nibaddhadānānī</span>ti nibandhetvā niyametvā paveṇīvasena pavattitadānāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Hatthidantena pavattitā <span class="bld">dantamayasalākā,</span> yattha dāyakānaṃ nāmaṃ aṅkanti. <span class="bld">Rañño</span>ti setavāhanarañño.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ādīnī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena ‘‘seno viya maṃsapesiṃ kasmā okkhanditvā gaṇhāsī’’ti evamādīnaṃ saṅgaho. Pubbacetanāmuñcacetanāaparacetanāsampattiyā dāyakassa vasena tīṇi aṅgāni, vītarāgatāvītadosatāvītamohatāpaṭipattiyā dakkhiṇeyyassa vasena tīṇīti evaṃ <span class="bld">chaḷaṅgasamannāgatāya dakkhiṇāya.</span> Aparāparaṃ uppajjanakacetanāvasena mahānadī viya, mahogho viya ca ito cito ca abhisanditvā okkhanditvā pavattiyā puññameva <span class="bld">puññābhisando. </span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para350"></a><a name="para350_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">350</span>. <span class="bld">Kiccapariyosānaṃ natthi</span> divase divase dāyakassa byāpārāpajjanato, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ekenā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Kiccapariyosānaṃ atthi</span> yathāraddhassa āvāsassa katipayenāpi kālena parisamāpetabbato, tenāha <a name="M1.0331"></a> <span class="bld">‘‘paṇṇasāla’’</span>ntiādi. <span class="bld">Suttantapariyāyenā</span>ti suttantapāḷinayena. (Ma. ni. 1.12, 13; a. ni. 2.58) <span class="bld">nava ānisaṃsā</span>ti sītapaṭighātādayo paṭisallānārāmapariyosānā nava udayā. Appamattatāya cete vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā āvāsaṃ dentena nāma sabbampi paccayajātaṃ dinnameva hoti. Dve tayo gāme piṇḍāya caritvā kiñci <a name="P1.0433"></a> aladdhā āgatassapi chāyūdakasampannaṃ ārāmaṃ pavisitvā nhāyitvā patissaye muhuttaṃ nipajjitvā vuṭṭhāya nisinnassa kāye balaṃ āharitvā pakkhittaṃ viya hoti<a name="V1.0293"></a>. Bahi vicarantassa ca kāye vaṇṇadhātu vātātapehi kilamati, patissayaṃ pavisitvā dvāraṃ pidhāya muhuttaṃ nipannassa visabhāgasantati vūpasammati, sabhāgasantati patiṭṭhāti, vaṇṇadhātu āharitvā pakkhittā viya hoti. Bahi vicarantassa ca pāde kaṇṭako vijjhati, khāṇu paharati, sarīsapādiparissayā ceva corabhayañca uppajjati, patissayaṃ pavisitvā dvāraṃ pidhāya nipannassa sabbe te parissayā na honti, sajjhāyantassa dhammapītisukhaṃ, kammaṭṭhānaṃ manasi karontassa upasamasukhañca uppajjati bahiddhā vikkhepābhāvato. Bahi vicarantassa ca kāye sedā muccanti, akkhīni phandanti, senāsanaṃ pavisanakkhaṇe mañcapīṭhādīni na paññāyanti, muhuttaṃ nisinnassa pana akkhīnaṃ pasādo āharitvā pakkhitto viya hoti, dvāravātapānamañcapīṭhādīni paññāyanti. Etasmiñca āvāse vasantaṃ disvā manussā catūhi paccayehi sakkaccaṃ upaṭṭhahanti. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘āvāsaṃ dentena nāma sabbampi paccayajātaṃ dinnameva hotī’’ti, tasmā ete yathāvuttā sabbepi ānisaṃsā veditabbā. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘appamattatāya cete vuttā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sīta</span>nti ajjhattaṃ dhātukkhobhavasena vā bahiddhā utuvipariṇāmavasena vā uppajjanakasītaṃ. <span class="bld">Uṇha</span>nti aggisantāpaṃ, tassa vanaḍāhādīsu (vanadāhādīsu vā sārattha. ṭī. cūḷavagga 3.295) sambhavo veditabbo. <span class="bld">Paṭihantī</span>ti paṭibāhati, yathā tadubhayavasena kāyacittānaṃ bādhanaṃ na hoti, evaṃ karoti. Sītuṇhabbhāhate <a name="P1.0434"></a> hi sarīre vikkhittacitto bhikkhu yoniso padahituṃ na sakkoti. <span class="bld">Vāḷamigānī</span>ti sīhabyagghādicaṇḍamige. Guttasenāsanañhi āraññakampi pavisitvā dvāraṃ pidhāya nisinnassa te parissayā na hontīti. <span class="bld">Sarīsape</span>ti ye keci sarante gacchante dīghajātike sappādike. <span class="bld">Makase</span>ti nidassanamattametaṃ, ḍaṃsādīnampi etesveva <a name="M1.0332"></a> (etaneva sārattha. ṭī. cūḷavagga 3.295) saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Sisire</span>ti sisirakālavasena, sattāhavaddalikādivasena ca uppanne sisirasamphasse. <span class="bld">Vuṭṭhiyo</span>ti yadā tadā uppannā vassavuṭṭhiyo paṭihanatīti yojanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vātātapo ghoro</span>ti rukkhagacchādīnaṃ ummūlabhañjanādivasena pavattiyā ghoro sarajaarajādibhedo vāto ceva gimhapariḷāhasamayesu uppattiyā ghoro sūriyātapo ca. <span class="bld">Paṭihaññatī</span>ti paṭibāhīyati. <span class="bld">Leṇattha</span>nti nānārammaṇato cittaṃ nivattetvā paṭisallānārāmatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Sukhattha</span>nti vuttaparissayābhāvena phāsuvihāratthaṃ. <span class="bld">Jhāyitu</span>nti aṭṭhatiṃsāya ārammaṇesu yattha katthaci cittaṃ upanibandhitvā upanijjhāyituṃ. <span class="bld">Vipassitu</span>nti aniccādito saṅkhāre sammasituṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vihāre</span>ti <a name="V1.0294"></a> patissaye. <span class="bld">Kāraye</span>ti kārāpeyya. <span class="bld">Ramme</span>ti manorame nivāsasukhe. <span class="bld">Vāsayettha bahussute</span>ti kāretvā pana ettha vihāresu bahussute sīlavante kalyāṇadhamme nivāseyya, te nivāsento pana tesaṃ bahussutānaṃ yathā paccayehi kilamatho na hoti, evaṃ <span class="bld">annañca pānañca vatthasenāsanāni ca dadeyya ujubhūtesu</span> ajjhāsayasampannesu kammakammaphalānaṃ, ratanattayaguṇānañca saddahanena <span class="bld">vippasannena cetasā.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni gahaṭṭhapabbajitānaṃ aññamaññūpakāritaṃ dassetuṃ <a name="P1.0435"></a> <span class="bld">‘‘te tassā’’</span>ti gāthamāha. Tattha <span class="bld">te</span>ti bahussutā. <span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti upāsakassa. <span class="bld">Dhammaṃ desentī</span>ti sakalavaṭṭadukkhapanūdanaṃ saddhammaṃ desenti. <span class="bld">Yaṃ so dhammaṃ idhaññāyā</span>ti so upāsako yaṃ saddhammaṃ imasmiṃ sāsane sammāpaṭipajjanena jānitvā aggamaggādhigamena <span class="bld">anāsavo</span> hutvā <span class="bld">parinibbāti</span> ekādasaggivūpasamena sīti bhavati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sītapaṭighātādayo vipassanāvasānā terasa, annādilābho, dhammassavanaṃ, dhammāvabodho, parinibbānanti evaṃ <span class="bld">sattarasa.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para351"></a><a name="para351_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">351</span>. <span class="bld">Attano santakā</span>ti attaniyā. <span class="bld">Duppariccajanaṃ</span> lobhaṃ niggaṇhituṃ asakkontassa. Saṅghassa vā gaṇassa vā santiketi yojanā. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti <a name="M1.0333"></a> yathāgahite saraṇe. <span class="bld">Natthi punappunaṃ kattabbatā</span> viññūjātikassāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">‘‘Jīvitapariccāgamayaṃ puñña’’</span>nti ‘‘sace tvaṃ na yathāgahitaṃ saraṇaṃ bhindissati, evāhaṃ taṃ māremī’’ti yadipi koci tiṇhena satthena jīvitā voropeyya, tathāpi ‘‘nevāhaṃ buddhaṃ na buddhoti, dhammaṃ na dhammoti, saṅghaṃ na saṅghoti vadāmī’’ti daḷhataraṃ katvā gahitasaraṇassa vasena vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para352"></a><a name="para352_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">352</span>. Saraṇaṃ upagatena kāyavācācittehi sakkaccaṃ vatthuttayapūjā kātabbā, tattha ca saṃkileso parihanitabbo, sikkhāpadāni pana samādānamattaṃ, sampattavatthuto viramaṇamattañcāti saraṇagamanato sīlassa appaṭṭhataratā, appasamārambhataratā ca veditabbā. Sabbesaṃ sattānaṃ jīvitadānādinā daṇḍanidhānato, sakalalokiyalokuttaraguṇādhiṭṭhānato cassa mahapphalamahānisaṃsataratā daṭṭhabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vakkhamānanayena <a name="P1.0436"></a> ca verahetutāya veraṃ vuccati pāṇātipātādipāpadhammo, taṃ maṇati ‘‘mayi idha ṭhitāya kathaṃ āgacchasī’’ti tajjentī viya nīharatīti <span class="bld">veramaṇī,</span> tato vā pāpadhammato <a name="V1.0295"></a> viramati etāyāti ‘‘viramaṇī’’ti vattabbe niruttinayena ikārassa ekāraṃ katvā <span class="bld">‘‘veramaṇī’’</span>ti vuttā. Asamādinnasīlassa sampattato yathāupaṭṭhitavītikkamitabbavatthuto virati <span class="bld">sampattavirati.</span> Samādānavasena uppannā virati <span class="bld">samādānavirati.</span> Setu vuccati ariyamaggo, tappariyāpannā hutvā pāpadhammānaṃ samucchedavasena ghātanavirati <span class="bld">setughātavirati.</span> Idāni tisso viratiyo sarūpato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tatthā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Pariharatī</span>ti avītikkamavasena parivajjeti. <span class="bld">Na hanāmī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">iti</span>-saddo ādiattho, tena ‘‘adinnaṃ nādiyāmī’’ti evaṃ ādīnaṃ saṅgaho, <span class="bld">vā</span>-saddena vā, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sikkhāpadāni gaṇhantassā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Maggasampayuttā</span>ti sammādiṭṭhiyādimaggasampayuttā. Idāni tāsaṃ viratīnaṃ ārammaṇato vibhāgaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tatthā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Purimā dve</span>ti sampattasamādānaviratiyo. <span class="bld">Pacchimā</span>ti setughātavirati. <span class="bld">Sabbānipi bhinnāni honti</span> ekajjhaṃ samādinnattā. <span class="bld">Tadeva bhijjati</span> visuṃ visuṃ samādinnattā<a name="M1.0334"></a>. Gahaṭṭhavasena cetaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhedo nāma natthi</span> paṭipakkhasamucchindanena akuppasabhāvattā, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘bhavantarepī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Yonisiddha</span>nti manussatiracchānānaṃ uddhaṃ tiriyameva dīghatā viya jātisiddhanti attho. Bodhisatte kucchigate bodhisattamātusīlaṃ viya dhammatāya sabhāveneva siddhaṃ <span class="bld">dhammatāsiddhaṃ,</span> maggadhammatāya vā ariyamaggānubhāvena siddhaṃ <span class="bld">dhammatāsiddhaṃ. Diṭṭhiujukaraṇaṃ</span> <a name="P1.0437"></a> <span class="bld">nāma bhāriyaṃ</span> dukkhaṃ, tasmā saraṇagamanaṃ sikkhāpadasamādānato mahaṭṭhatarameva, na appaṭṭhataranti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Yathā tathā vā gaṇhantassāpī</span>ti ādaragāravaṃ akatvā samādiyantassāpi. <span class="bld">Sādhukaṃ gaṇhantassāpī</span>ti sakkaccaṃ sīlāni samādiyantassāpi, na diguṇaṃ, tiguṇaṃ vā ussāho karaṇīyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Abhayadānatāya sīlassa dānabhāvo, anavasesaṃ vā sattanikāyaṃ dayati tena rakkhatīti <span class="bld">dānaṃ,</span> sīlaṃ. ‘‘Aggānī’’ti ñātattā <span class="bld">aggaññāni.</span> Cirarattatāya ñātattā <span class="bld">rattaññāni.</span> ‘‘Ariyānaṃ sādhūnaṃ vaṃsānī’’ti ñātattā <span class="bld">vaṃsaññāni.</span> <span class="bld">‘‘Porāṇānī’’</span>tiādīsu purimānaṃ etāni <span class="bld">porāṇāni.</span> Sabbaso kenacipi pakārena sādhūhi na kiṇṇāni na khittāni na chaḍḍitānīti <span class="bld">asaṅkiṇṇāni.</span> Ayañca nayo nesaṃ yathā atīte, evaṃ etarahi, anāgate cāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘asaṅkiṇṇapubbāni na saṅkiyanti na saṅkiyissantī’’</span>ti. Tato eva <span class="bld">appapikuṭṭhāni</span> na paṭikkhittāni. Na hi kadācipi viññū samaṇabrāhmaṇā hiṃsādipāpadhammaṃ anujānanti. <span class="bld">Aparimāṇānaṃ sattānaṃ abhayaṃ detī</span>ti sabbesu bhūtesu nihitadaṇḍattā sakalassapi sattanikāyassa bhayābhāvaṃ deti. Na hi ariyasāvakato kassaci bhayaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Avera</span>nti verābhāvaṃ. <span class="bld">Abyāpajjha</span>nti niddukkhataṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nanu <a name="V1.0296"></a> ca pañcasīlaṃ sabbakālikaṃ, na ca ekantato vimuttāyatanaṃ, saraṇagamanaṃ pana buddhuppādahetukaṃ, ekantavimuttāyatanañca, tattha kathaṃ saraṇāgamanato pañcasīlassa mahapphalatāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kiñcāpī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Jeṭṭhaka</span>nti uttamaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Saraṇagamaneyeva patiṭṭhāyā’’</span>ti <a name="P1.0438"></a> iminā tassa sīlassa saraṇagamanena abhisaṅkhatatamāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para353"></a><a name="para353_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">353</span>. <span class="bld">Īdisamevā</span>ti evaṃ saṃkilesaṃ paṭipakkhameva hutvā. <span class="bld">Heṭṭhā vuttehi guṇehī</span>ti ettha heṭṭhā vuttaguṇā nāma saraṇagamanaṃ, sīlasampadā, indriyesu guttadvāratāti evaṃ ādayo. Paṭhamajjhānaṃ nibbattento na kilamatīti <a name="M1.0335"></a> yojanā. <span class="bld">Tānī</span>ti paṭhamajjhānādīni. <span class="bld">‘‘Paṭhamajjhāna’’</span>nti ukkaṭṭhaniddeso ayanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ekaṃ kappa’’</span>nti, ekaṃ mahākappanti attho. Hīnaṃ pana paṭhamajjhānaṃ, majjhimañca asaṅkhyeyyakappassa tatiyaṃ bhāgaṃ, upaḍḍhakappañca <span class="bld">āyuṃ deti. ‘‘Dutiyaṃ aṭṭhakappe’’</span>ti ādīsupi iminā nayena attho veditabbo, mahākappavaseneva ca gahetabbaṃ. Yasmā vā paṇītāniyevettha jhānāni adhippetāni mahapphalatarabhāvadassanaparattā desanāya, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘paṭhamajjhānaṃ ekaṃ kappa’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Tadevā</span>ti catutthajjhānameva. Yadi evaṃ kathaṃ āruppatāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ākāsānañcāyatanādī’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sammadeva niccasaññādipaṭipakkhavidhamanavasena pavattamānā pubbabhāgiye eva bodhipakkhiyadhamme sammānentī vipassanā vipassakassa anappakaṃ pītisomanassaṃ samāvahatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vipassanā…pe… abhāvā’’</span>ti. Tenāha bhagavā –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yato yato sammasati, khandhānaṃ udayabbayaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Labhatī pītipāmojjaṃ, amataṃ taṃ vijānata’’nti. (dha. pa. 374);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā ayaṃ desanā iminā anukkamena imāni ñāṇāni nibbattentassa <a name="P1.0439"></a> vasena pavattitā, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘vipassanāñāṇe patiṭṭhāya nibbattento’’</span>ti heṭṭhimaṃ heṭṭhimaṃ uparimassa uparimassa patiṭṭhābhūtaṃ katvā vuttaṃ. Samānarūpanimmānaṃ nāma manomayiddhiyā aññehi asādhāraṇakiccanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘attano…pe… mahapphalā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Vikubbanadassanasamatthatāyā</span>ti hatthiassādivividharūpakaraṇaṃ vikubbanaṃ, tassa dassanasamatthabhāvena. <span class="bld">Icchiticchitaṭṭhānaṃ</span> nāma purimajātīsu icchiticchito khandhappadeso. <span class="bld">Samāpento</span>ti pariyosāpento.</p>
<p class="subhead">Kūṭadantaupāsakattapaṭivedanākathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para354-8"></a><a name="para354-8_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">354-8</span>. <span class="bld">Sabbe</span> <a name="V1.0297"></a> <span class="bld">te pāṇayo</span>ti ‘‘satta ca usabhasatānī’’tiādinā vutte sabbe pāṇino. <span class="bld">Ākulabhāvo</span>ti bhagavato santike dhammassa sutattā pāṇīsu anuddayaṃ upaṭṭhapetvā ṭhitassa ‘‘kathañhi nāma mayā tāva bahū pāṇino māraṇatthāya bandhāpitā’’ti citte paribyākulabhāvo <a name="M1.0336"></a> <span class="bld">udapādi. Sutvā</span>ti ‘‘bandhanato mocitā’’ti sutvā. Kāmacchandavigamena kallacittatā arogacittatā, byāpādavigamena mettāvasena muducittatā akathinacittatā, uddhaccakukkuccappahānena vikkhepavigamanato vinīvaraṇacittatā tehi na pihitacittatā, thinamiddhavigamena udaggacittatā saṃpaggaṇhanavasena alīnacittatā, vicikicchāvigamena sammāpaṭipattiyā adhimuttatāya pasannacittatā ca hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kallacittantiādi anupubbikathānubhāvena vikkhambhitanīvaraṇataṃ sandhāya vutta’’</span>nti. Yaṃ panettha atthato avibhattaṃ, taṃ suviññeyyameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Kūṭadantasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā.</p>
<p class="chapter"><a name="dn1_6"></a>6. Mahālisuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">Brāhmaṇadūtavatthuvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para359"></a><a name="para359_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">359</span>. <span class="bld">Punappunaṃ</span> <a name="V1.0298"></a><a name="M1.0337"></a><a name="P1.0440"></a> <span class="bld">visālībhāvūpagamanato</span>ti pubbe kira puttadhītuvasena dve dve hutvā soḷasakkhattuṃ jātānaṃ licchavīrājakumārānaṃ saparivārānaṃ anukkameneva vaḍḍhantānaṃ nivāsanaṭṭhānārāmuyyānapokkharaṇīādīnaṃ patiṭṭhānassa appahonakatāya nagaraṃ tikkhattuṃ gāvutantarena gāvutantarena parikkhipiṃsu, tenassa punappunaṃ visālībhāvaṃ gatattā ‘‘vesālī’’ tveva nāmaṃ jātaṃ, tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘punappunaṃ visālībhāvūpagamanato vesālīti laddhanāmake nagare’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sayaṃjāta</span>nti sayameva jātaṃ aropimaṃ. <span class="bld">Mahantabhāvenevā</span>ti rukkhagacchānaṃ, ṭhitokāsassa ca mahantabhāvena, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘himavantena saddhiṃ ekābaddhaṃ hutvā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Kūṭāgārasālāsaṅkhepenā</span>ti haṃsavaṭṭakacchannena kūṭāgārasālāniyāmena. Kosalesu jātā, bhavā vā, taṃ vā raṭṭhaṃ nivāso etesanti <span class="bld">kosalakā.</span> Evaṃ <span class="bld">māgadhakā</span> veditabbā. Yassa akaraṇe puggalo mahājāniyo hoti, taṃ karaṇaṃ arahatīti karaṇīyaṃ tena <span class="bld">karaṇīyena,</span> tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘avassaṃ kattabbakammenā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Taṃ kiccanti vuccati</span> sati samavāye kātabbato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para360"></a><a name="para360_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">360</span>. Yā buddhānaṃ uppajjanārahā nānattasaññā, tāsaṃ <a name="P1.0441"></a> vasena <span class="bld">nānārammaṇācārato.</span> Sambhavantasseva paṭisedho. <span class="bld">Paṭikkammā</span>ti nivattitvā tathā cittaṃ anuppādetvā. <span class="bld">Sallīno</span>ti jhānasamāpattiyā ekattārammaṇaṃ allīno.</p>
<p class="subhead">Oṭṭhaddhalicchavīvatthuvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para361"></a><a name="para361_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">361</span>. <span class="bld">Addhoṭṭhatāyā</span>ti tassa kira uttaroṭṭhaṃ appakatāya tiriyaṃ phāletvā apanītaddhaṃ viya khāyati cattāro dante, dve ca dāṭhā na chādeti, tena naṃ <span class="bld">‘‘oṭṭhaddho’’</span>ti voharanti. Ayaṃ <a name="V1.0299"></a> kira upāsako saddho pasanno dāyako dānapati buddhamāmako dhammamāmako saṅghamāmako, tenāha <span class="bld">purebhatta</span>ntiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para362"></a><a name="para362_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">362</span>. <span class="bld">Sāsane</span> <a name="M1.0338"></a> <span class="bld">yuttapayutto</span>ti bhāvanaṃ anuyutto. Sabbattha sīhasamānavuttinopi bhagavato parisāya mahante sati tadajjhāsayānurūpaṃ pavattiyamānāya dhammadesanāya viseso hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘mahantena ussāhena dhammaṃ desessatī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Vissāsiko’’</span>ti vatvā tamassa vissāsikabhāvaṃ vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ayañhī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Therassa khīṇā savassasato ālasiyabhāvo ‘‘appahīno’’ti na vattabbo, vāsanālesaṃ pana upādāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘īsakaṃ appahīno viya hotī’’</span>ti. Na hi sāvakānaṃ savāsanā kilesā pahīyanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para363"></a><a name="para363_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">363</span>. Vineyyajanānurodhena buddhānaṃ pāṭihāriyavijambhanaṃ hotīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘atha kho bhagavā’’</span>tiādi, tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘saṃsūcitanikkhamano’’</span>ti. Gandhakuṭito nikkhamanavelāyañhi chabbaṇṇā buddharasmiyo āveḷāveḷāyamalāyamalā hutvā savisesā pabhassarā vinicchariṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para364"></a><a name="para364_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">364</span>. <span class="bld">Tato para</span>nti ‘‘hiyyo’’ti vuttadivasato anantaraṃ paraṃ <span class="bld">purimataraṃ</span> atisayena purimattā. Iti imesu dvīsu vavatthito yathākkamaṃ purimapurimatarabhāvo. Evaṃ santepi yadettha ‘‘purimatara’’nti vuttaṃ, tato pabhuti yaṃ <a name="P1.0442"></a> yaṃ oraṃ, taṃ taṃ purimaṃ, yaṃ yaṃ paraṃ, taṃ taṃ purimataraṃ, orapārabhāvassa viya purimapurimatarabhāvassa ca apekkhāsiddhito, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tato paṭṭhāyā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Mūladivasato paṭṭhāyā</span>tiādidivasato paṭṭhāya. <span class="bld">Agga</span>nti paṭhamaṃ. Taṃ panettha parā atītā koṭi hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘parakoṭiṃ katvā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Yaṃ</span>-saddayogena cāyaṃ ‘‘viharāmī’’ti vattamānappayogo, attho pana atītakālavaseneva veditabbo, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vihāsinti vuttaṃ hotī’’</span>ti. Paṭhamavikappe ‘‘viharāmī’’ti padassa ‘‘yadagge’’ti iminā ujukaṃ sambandho dassito, dutiyavikappe pana ‘‘tīṇi vassānī’’ti imināpi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Piyajātikānī</span>ti iṭṭhasabhāvāni. <span class="bld">Sātajātikānī</span>ti madhurasabhāvāni. Madhuraṃ viyāti hi ‘‘madhura’’nti vuccati manoramaṃ yaṃ kiñci. <span class="bld">Kāmūpasañhitānī</span>ti ārammaṇaṃ karontena kāmena upasaṃhitāni, kāmanīyānīti attho, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kāmassādayuttānī’’</span>ti, kāmassādassa yuttāni yogyānīti attho. <span class="bld">Sarīrasaṇṭhāne</span>ti sarīrabimbe, ādhāre cetaṃ bhummaṃ. Tasmā <span class="bld">saddenā</span>ti <a name="M1.0339"></a> taṃ nissāya <a name="V1.0300"></a> tato uppannena saddenāti attho. <span class="bld">Madhurenā</span>ti iṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Ettāvatā</span>ti dibbasotañāṇassa parikammākathanamattena. ‘‘Attanā ñātampi na katheti, kimassa sāsane adhiṭṭhānenā’’ti kujjhanto <span class="bld">āghātaṃ bandhitvā</span> saha kujjhaneneva jhānābhiññāhi parihāyi. <span class="bld">Cintesī</span>ti ‘‘kasmā nu kho mayhaṃ taṃ parikammaṃ na kathesī’’ti parivitakkento ayoniso ummujjanavasena cintesi. <span class="bld">Anukkamenā</span>ti pāthikasutte āgatanayena <a name="P1.0443"></a> taṃ taṃ ayuttameva cintento, bhāsanto, karonto ca anukkamena. Bhagavati baddhāghātatāya sāsane patiṭṭhaṃ alabhanto <span class="bld">gihibhāvaṃ patvā.</span></p>
<p class="subhead">Ekaṃsabhāvitasamādhivaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para366-371"></a><a name="para366-371_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">366-371</span>. <span class="bld">Ekaṃsāyā</span>ti tadattheyeva catutthī, tasmā ekaṃsatthanti attho. <span class="bld">Aṃsa</span>-saddo cettha koṭṭhāsapariyāyo, so ca adhikārato dibbarūpadassanadibbasaddassavanavasena veditabboti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ekakoṭṭhāsāyā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Anudisāyā</span>ti puratthimadakkhiṇādibhedāya catubbidhāya anudisāya. <span class="bld">Ubhayakoṭṭhāsāyā</span>ti dibbarūpadassanatthāya, dibbasaddassavanatthāya ca. <span class="bld">Bhāvito</span>ti yathā dibbacakkhuñāṇaṃ, dibbasotañāṇañca samadhigataṃ hoti, evaṃ bhāvito. Tayidaṃ visuṃ visuṃ parikammakaraṇena ijjhantīsu vattabbaṃ natthi, ekajjhaṃ ijjhantīsupi kameneva kiccasiddhi ekajjhaṃ kiccasiddhiyā asambhavato. Pāḷiyampi ekassa ubhayasamatthatāsandassanatthameva ‘‘dibbānañca rūpānaṃ dassanāya, dibbānañca saddānaṃ savanāyā’’ti vuttaṃ, na ekajjhaṃ kiccasiddhisambhavato. <span class="bld">‘‘Ekaṃsabhāvito samādhihetū’’</span>ti iminā sunakkhatto dibbacakkhuñāṇāya eva parikammassa katattā vijjamānampi dibbasaddaṃ nāssossīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Apaṇṇaka</span>nti avirajjhanakaṃ, anavajjanti vā attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para372"></a><a name="para372_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">372</span>. ‘‘Samādhi eva’’ bhāvetabbaṭṭhena <span class="bld">samādhibhāvanā. </span> ‘‘Dibbasotañāṇaṃ seṭṭha’’nti maññamānenāpi mahālinā dibbacakkhuñāṇampi tena saha gahetvā ‘‘etāsaṃ nūna bhante’’tiādinā pucchitanti <span class="bld">‘‘ubhayaṃsabhāvitānaṃ samādhīnanti attho’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Bāhirā</span> <a name="P1.0444"></a> <span class="bld">etā samādhibhāvanā</span> aniyyānikattā. Tā hi ito bāhirakānampi ijjhanti. <span class="bld">Na ajjhattikā</span> bhagavato sāmukkaṃsikabhāvena <a name="M1.0340"></a> appaveditattā. <span class="bld">Yadattha</span>nti yesaṃ atthāya. <span class="bld">Te</span>ti te ariyaphaladhamme. Te hi sacchikātabbāti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Catuariyaphalavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para373"></a><a name="para373_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">373</span>. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti <a name="V1.0301"></a> vaṭṭadukkhe saṃyojanato. <span class="bld">‘‘Maggasotaṃ āpanno’’</span>ti phalaṭṭhassa vasena vuttaṃ. Maggaṭṭho hi maggasotaṃ āpajjati. Tenevāha ‘‘sotāpanne’’ti, ‘‘sotāpattiphalasacchikiriyāya paṭipanne’’ti (ma. ni. 3.379) ca. <span class="bld">Apatanadhammo</span>ti anuppajjana- (ma. ni. 3.379) sabhāvo. <span class="bld">Dhammaniyāmenā</span>ti maggadhammaniyāmena. Heṭṭhimantato sattamabhavato upari anuppajjanadhammatāya vā niyato. <span class="bld">Paraṃ ayanaṃ</span> parāgati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tanuttaṃ nāma pavattiyā mandatā, viraḷatā cāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tanuttā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Heṭṭhābhāgiyāna</span>nti heṭṭhābhāgassa kāmabhavassapaccayabhāvena hitānaṃ. <span class="bld">Opapātiko</span>ti upapātiko upapatane sādhukārīti katvā. Vimuccatīti vimutti, cittameva vimutti <span class="bld">cetovimuttī</span>ti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbakilesa…pe… adhivacana’’</span>nti. Cittasīsena cettha samādhi gahito ‘‘cittaṃ <a name="P1.0445"></a> paññañca bhāvaya’’nti. Ādīsu (saṃ. ni. 1.23; peṭako. 22; mi. pa. 2.9) viya. <span class="bld">Paññāvimuttī</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘paññāva paññāvimuttī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sāma</span>nti attanāva, aparappaccayenāti attho. <span class="bld">Abhiññā</span>ti ya-kāralopena niddesoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘abhijānitvā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Ariyaaṭṭhaṅgikamaggavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para374-5"></a><a name="para374-5_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">374-5</span>. Ariyasāvako nibbānaṃ, ariyaphalañca paṭipajjati etāyāti paṭipadā, sā ca tassa pubbabhāgo evāti idha <span class="bld">‘‘pubbabhāgapaṭipadāyā’’</span>ti ariyamaggamāha. ‘‘Aṭṭha aṅgāni assā’’ti aññapadatthasamāsaṃ akatvā aṭṭhaṅgāni assa santīti <span class="bld">aṭṭhaṅgiko</span>ti padasiddhi daṭṭhabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sammā aviparītaṃ yāthāvato catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ paccakkhato dassanasabhāvā <span class="bld">sammā dassanalakkhaṇā.</span> Sammadeva nibbānārammaṇe cittassa abhiniropanasabhāvo <span class="bld">sammā abhiniropanalakkhaṇo.</span> Caturaṅgasamannāgatā vācā janaṃ saṅgaṇhātīti tabbipakkhaviratisabhāvā sammāvācā bhedakaramicchāvācāpahānena <a name="M1.0341"></a> jane sampayutte ca pariggaṇhanakiccavatī hotīti <span class="bld">sammā pariggahaṇalakkhaṇā.</span> Yathā cīvarakammādiko kammanto ekaṃ kātabbaṃ samuṭṭhāpeti, taṃ taṃ kiriyānipphādako vā cetanāsaṅkhāto kammanto hatthapādacalanādikaṃ kiriyaṃ samuṭṭhāpeti, evaṃ sāvajjakattabbakiriyāsamuṭṭhāpakamicchākammantappahānena <a name="P1.0446"></a> sammākammanto niravajjasamuṭṭhāpanakiccavā <a name="V1.0302"></a> hoti, sampayutte ca samuṭṭhāpento eva pavattatīti <span class="bld">sammā samuṭṭhāpanalakkhaṇo sammākammanto.</span> Kāyavācānaṃ, khandhasantānassa ca saṃkilesabhūtamicchājīvappahānena <span class="bld">sammā vodāpanalakkhaṇo sammāājīvo.</span> Kosajjapakkhato patituṃ adatvā sampayuttadhammānaṃ paggaṇhanasabhāvoti <span class="bld">sammā paggāhalakkhaṇo sammāvāyāmo.</span> Sammadeva upaṭṭhānasabhāvāti <span class="bld">sammā upaṭṭhānalakkhaṇā sammāsati.</span> Vikkhepaviddhaṃsanena sammadeva cittassa samādahanasabhāvoti <span class="bld">sammā samādhānalakkhaṇo sammāsamādhi.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Attano paccanīkakilesā</span> diṭṭhekaṭṭhā avijjādayo. <span class="bld">Passatī</span>ti pakāseti kiccapaṭivedhena paṭivijjhati, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tappaṭicchādaka…pe… asammohato’’</span>ti. Teneva hi sammādiṭṭhisaṅkhātena aṅgena tattha paccavekkhaṇā pavattatīti <span class="bld">tathevā</span>ti attano paccanīkakilesehi saddhinti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kiccato</span>ti pubbabhāgehi dukkhādiñāṇehi kātabbassa kiccassa idha sātisayaṃ nipphattito imasseva vā ñāṇassa dukkhādippakāsanakiccato. <span class="bld">Cattāri nāmāni labhati</span> catūsu saccesu kātabbakiccanipphattito. <span class="bld">Tīṇi nāmāni labhati</span> kāmasaṅkappādippahānakiccanipphattito. <span class="bld">Sikkhāpadavibhaṅge</span> (vibha. 703) ‘‘viraticetanā, sabbe sampayuttadhammā ca sikkhāpadānī’’ti vuccantīti tattha padhānānaṃ viraticetanānaṃ vasena <span class="bld">‘‘viratiyopi</span> <a name="P1.0447"></a> <span class="bld">honti cetanāyopī’’</span>ti āha. Musāvādādīhi viramaṇakāle vā viratiyo, subhāsitādivācābhāsanādikāle ca cetanāyo yojetabbā. <span class="bld">Maggakkhaṇe viratiyova</span> cetanānaṃ amaggaṅgattā ekassa ñāṇassa dukkhādiñāṇatā viya, ekāya viratiyā musāvādādiviratibhāvo viya ca ekāya cetanāya sammāvācādikiccattayasādhanasabhāvābhāvā sammāvācādibhāvāsiddhito, taṃsiddhiyañca aṅgattayattāsiddhito ca. <span class="bld">Sammappadhānasatipaṭṭhānavasenā</span>ti <a name="M1.0342"></a> catusammappadhānacatusatipaṭṭhānabhāvavasena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pubbabhāgepi maggakkhaṇepi sammāsamādhiyevā</span>ti. Yadipi samādhiupakārakānaṃ abhiniropanānumajjanasampiyāyanabrūhanasantasukhānaṃ vitakkādīnaṃ vasena catūhi jhānehi sammāsamādhi vibhatto, tathāpi vāyāmo viya anuppannākusalānuppādanādicatuvāyāmakiccaṃ, sati viya ca asubhāsukhāniccānattesu kāyādīsu subhādisaññāpahānacatusatikiccaṃ eko samādhi catukkajjhānasamādhikiccaṃ na sādhetīti pubbabhāgepi paṭhamajjhānasamādhi paṭhamajjhānasamādhi eva maggakkhaṇepi, tathā pubbabhāgepi catutthajjhānasamādhi catutthajjhānasamādhi eva maggakkhaṇepīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti <a name="V1.0303"></a> paññāpajjotattā <span class="bld">avijjandhakāraṃ vidhamitvā</span> paññāsatthattā <span class="bld">kilesacore ghātento. Bahukārattā</span>ti yvāyaṃ anādimati saṃsāre iminā kadācipi asamugghāṭitapubbo kilesagaṇo tassa samugghāṭako ariyamaggo<a name="P1.0448"></a>. Tattha cāyaṃ sammādiṭṭhi pariññābhisamayādivasena pavattiyā pubbaṅgamā hotīti bahukārā, tasmā bahukārattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti sammādiṭṭhiyā. ‘‘Bahukāro’’ti vatvā taṃ bahukārataṃ upamāya vibhāvetuṃ ‘‘yathā hī’’tiādi vuttaṃ. ‘‘Ayaṃ’’ tambakaṃsādimayattā <span class="bld">kūṭo.</span> Ayaṃ samasāratāya mahāsāratāya <span class="bld">cheko. Eva</span>nti yathā heraññikassa cakkhunā disvā kahāpaṇavibhāgajānane karaṇantaraṃ bahukāraṃ yadidaṃ hattho, evaṃ yogāvacarassa paññāya oloketvā dhammavibhāgajānane dhammantaraṃ bahukāraṃ yadidaṃ vitakko vitakketvā tadavabodhato, tasmā sammāsaṅkappo sammādiṭṭhiyā bahukāroti adhippāyo. Dutiyaupamāyaṃ <span class="bld">eva</span>nti yathā tacchako parena parivattetvā parivattetvā dinnaṃ dabbasambhāraṃ vāsiyā tacchetvā gehakaraṇakamme upaneti, evaṃ yogāvacaro vitakkena lakkhaṇādito vitakketvā dinnadhamme yāthāvato paricchinditvā pariññābhisamayādikamme upanetīti yojanā. Vacībhedassa upakārako vitakko sāvajjānavajjavacībhedanivattanapavattanakarāya sammāvācāyapi upakārako evāti <span class="bld">‘‘svāya’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vacībhedassa <a name="M1.0343"></a> niyāmikā <span class="bld">vācā</span> kāyikakiriyāniyāmakassa <span class="bld">kammantassa upakārikā. Tadubhayānantara</span>nti duccaritadvayapahāyakassa sucaritadvayapāripūrihetubhūtassa sammāvācāsammākammantadvayassa anantaraṃ. <span class="bld">Idaṃ vīriya</span>nti catubbidhaṃ sammappadhānavīriyaṃ. Indriyasamatādayo samādhissa upakāradhammā. Tabbipariyāyato apakāradhammā <a name="P1.0449"></a> veditabbā. <span class="bld">Gatiyo</span>ti nipphattiyo, kiccādisabhāve vā. <span class="bld">Samannesitvā</span>ti upadhāretvā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Dvepabbajitavatthuvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para376-7"></a><a name="para376-7_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">376-7</span>. <span class="bld">‘‘Kasmā āraddha’’</span>nti anusandhikāraṇaṃ pucchitvā taṃ vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ayaṃ kirā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ, tena ajjhāsayānusandhivasena upari desanā pavattāti dasseti. <span class="bld">Tenā</span>ti tathāladdhikattā. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti licchavīrañño. <span class="bld">Desanāyā</span>ti saṇhasukhumāyaṃ suññatapaṭisaṃyuttāyaṃ yathādesitadesanāyaṃ. <span class="bld">Nādhimuccatī</span>ti na saddahati na pasīdati. <span class="bld">Tantidhammaṃ nāma kathento</span>ti yesaṃ atthāya dhammo kathīyati, tasmiṃ tesaṃ asatipi maggapaṭivedhe kevalaṃ sāsane tantidhammaṃ katvā kathento. <span class="bld">Evarūpassā</span>ti sammāsambuddhattā aviparītadhammadesanatāya evaṃpākaṭadhammakāyassa <span class="bld">satthu. Yuttaṃ</span> <a name="V1.0304"></a> <span class="bld">nu kho etaṃ assā</span>ti assa paṭhamajjhānādisamadhigamena samāhitacittassa kulaputtassa etaṃ ‘‘taṃ jīva’’ntiādinā ucchedādigāhagahaṇaṃ api nu yuttanti pucchati. Laddhiyā pana jhānādhigamamattena na tāva vivecitattā <span class="bld">‘‘tehi yutta’’</span>nti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">taṃ vādaṃ paṭikkhipitvā</span>ti jhānalābhinopi taṃ gahaṇaṃ ‘‘ayuttamevā’’ti taṃ ucchedavādaṃ sassatavādaṃ vā paṭikkhipitvā. <span class="bld">Attamanā ahesu</span>nti yasmā khīṇāsavo vigatasammoho tiṇṇavicikiccho, ‘‘tasmā tassa tathā vattuṃ na yutta’’nti uppannanicchayatāya taṃ <span class="bld">mama vacanaṃ sutvā</span> attamanā ahesunti attho. <span class="bld">Sopi</span> licchavī rājā te viya sañjātanicchayattā <span class="bld">attamano ahosi.</span> Yaṃ panettha atthato avibhattaṃ, taṃ suviññeyyameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Mahālisuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā.</p>
<p class="chapter"><a name="dn1_7"></a>7. Jāliyasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">Dvepabbajitavatthuvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para378"></a><a name="para378_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">378</span>. ‘‘Ghositena <a name="V1.0305"></a><a name="M1.0344"></a><a name="P1.0450"></a> seṭṭhinā kate ārāme’’ti vatvā tattha koyaṃ ghositaseṭṭhi nāma, kathañcānena ārāmo kārito, kathaṃ vā tattha bhagavā vihāsīti taṃ sabbaṃ samudāgamato paṭṭhāya saṅkhepatova dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pubbe kirā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Tato</span>ti allakapparaṭṭhato. <span class="bld">Tadā</span>ti tesaṃ taṃ gāmaṃ paviṭṭhadivase. <span class="bld">Balavapāyāsa</span>nti garutaraṃ bahupāyāsaṃ. <span class="bld">Asannihite</span>ti gehato bahi gate. <span class="bld">Bhussatī</span>ti ravati. <span class="bld">Ghosakadevaputtotveva nāmaṃ ahosi</span> saraghosasampattiyā. <span class="bld">Veyyattiyenā</span>ti paññāveyyattiyena. <span class="bld">Ghositaseṭṭhi nāma jāto</span> tāya eva cassa sarasampattiyā ghositanāmatā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sarīrasantappanattha</span>nti himavante phalamūlāhāratāya kilantasarīrā loṇambilasevanena tassa santappanatthaṃ pīnanatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Tasitā</span>ti pipāsitā. <span class="bld">Kilantā</span>ti parissantakāyā. Te kira taṃ vaṭarukkhaṃ patvā tassa sobhāsampattiṃ disvā mahānubhāvā maññe ettha adhivatthā devatā, ‘‘sādhu vatāyaṃ devatā amhākaṃ addhānaparissamaṃ vinodeyyā’’ti cintesuṃ, tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tattha adhivatthā…pe… nisīdiṃsū’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">So</span>ti anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati. <span class="bld">Bhatakāna</span>nti bhatiyā veyyāvaccaṃ karontānaṃ dāsapesakammakarānaṃ. <span class="bld">Pakatibhattavetana</span>nti pakatiyā dātabbabhattavetanaṃ, tadā uposathikattā <a name="P1.0451"></a> kammaṃ akarontānampi kammakaraṇadivasena dātabbabhattavetanamevāti attho. <span class="bld">Kañcī</span>ti kañcipi bhatakaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Upecca parassa vācāya ārambhanaṃ bādhanaṃ <span class="bld">upārambho,</span> dosadassanavasena ghaṭṭananti attho, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘upārambhādhippāyena vādaṃ āropetukāmā hutvā’’</span>ti. Vadanti nindanavasena kathenti etenāti hi vādo, doso. Taṃ āropetukāmā, patiṭṭhāpetukāmā hutvāti attho. <span class="bld">‘‘Taṃ jīvaṃ taṃ sarīra’’</span>nti, idha yaṃ vatthuṃ jīvasaññitaṃ, tadeva sarīrasaññitanti ‘‘rūpaṃ attato samanupassatī’’ti <a name="V1.0306"></a> vādaṃ gahetvā vadanti. Rūpañca attānañca <a name="M1.0345"></a> advayaṃ katvā samanupassanavasena ‘‘satto’’ti vā bāhirakaparikappitaṃ attānaṃ sandhāya vadanti. <span class="bld">Bhijjatī</span>ti nirudayavināsavasena vinassati. <span class="bld">Tena</span> jīvasarīrānaṃ anaññattānujānanato, sarīrassa ca bhedadassanato. Na hettha yathā bhedavatā sarīrato anaññattā adiṭṭhopi jīvassa bhedo vutto, evaṃ adiṭṭhabhedato anaññattā sarīrassāpi abhedoti sakkā viññātuṃ tassa bhedassa paccakkhasiddhattā, bhūtupādāyarūpavinimuttassa ca sarīrassa abhāvatoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ucchedavādo hotī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Aññaṃ jīvaṃ aññaṃ sarīra’’</span>nti aññadeva vatthuṃ jīvasaññitaṃ, aññaṃ vatthuṃ sarīrasaññitanti ‘‘rūpavantaṃ attānaṃ samanupassatī’’tiādinayappavattaṃ <a name="P1.0452"></a> vādaṃ gahetvā vadanti. Rūpe bhedassa diṭṭhattā, attani ca tadabhāvato attā niccoti āpannamevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tumhākaṃ…pe… āpajjatī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para379-380"></a><a name="para379-380_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">379-380</span>. Tayidaṃ nesaṃ vañjhāsutassa dīgharassatāparikappanasadisanti katvā ṭhapanīyoyaṃ pañhoti tattha rājanimīlanaṃ katvā satthā upari nesaṃ ‘‘tena hāvuso suṇāthā’’tiādinā dhammadesanaṃ ārabhīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘atha bhagavā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Tassā yevā</span>ti majjhimāya paṭipadāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saddhāpabbajitassā</span>ti saddhāya pabbajitassa ‘‘evamahaṃ ito vaṭṭadukkhato nissarissāmī’’ti evaṃ pabbajjaṃ upagatassa tadanurūpañca sīlaṃ pūretvā paṭhamajjhānena samāhitacittassa. <span class="bld">Etaṃ vattu</span>nti etaṃ kilesavaṭṭaparibuddhidīpanaṃ ‘‘taṃ jīvaṃ taṃ sarīra’’ntiādikaṃ diṭṭhisaṃkilesanissitaṃ vacanaṃ vattunti attho. <span class="bld">Nibbicikiccho na hotī</span>ti dhammesu tiṇṇavicikiccho na hoti, tattha tattha āsappanaparisappanavasena pavattatīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Etamevaṃ jānāmī</span>ti yena so bhikkhu paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati, etaṃ sasampayuttadhammaṃ cittanti evaṃ jānāmi. <span class="bld">No ca evaṃ vadāmī</span>ti yathā diṭṭhigatikā taṃ dhammajātaṃ sanissayaṃ abhedato gaṇhantā ‘‘taṃ jīvaṃ taṃ sarīra’’nti vā tadubhayaṃ bhedato gaṇhantā ‘‘aññaṃ jīvaṃ aññaṃ sarīra’’nti vā attano micchāgāhaṃ pavedenti, ahaṃ pana na evaṃ vadāmi tassa dhammassa supariññātattā, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘atha kho’’</span>tiādi<a name="P1.0453"></a>. Bāhirakā yebhuyyena kasiṇajjhānāni <a name="M1.0346"></a> eva nibbattentīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kasiṇaparikammaṃ bhāvantessā’’</span>ti. Yasmā bhāvanānubhāvena jhānādhigamo, bhāvanā ca pathavīkasiṇādisañjānanamukhena hotīti saññāsīsena <a name="V1.0307"></a> niddisīyati, tasmā āha <span class="bld">‘‘saññābalena uppanna’’</span>nti. Tenāha – ‘‘pathavīkasiṇameko sañjānātī’’tiādi. <span class="bld">‘‘Na kallaṃ tasseta’’</span>nti idaṃ yasmā bhagavatā tattha tattha ‘‘atha ca panāhaṃ na vadāmī’’ti vuttaṃ, tasmā na vattabbaṃ kiretaṃ kevalinā uttamapurisenāti adhippāyenāha, tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘maññamānā vadantī’’</span>ti. Sesaṃ sabbattha suviññeyyameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Jāliyasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā.</p>
<p class="chapter"><a name="dn1_8"></a>8. Mahāsīhanādasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">Acelakassapavatthuvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para381"></a><a name="para381_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">381</span>. Yasmiṃ <a name="V1.0308"></a><a name="M1.0347"></a><a name="P1.0454"></a> raṭṭhe taṃ nagaraṃ, tassa raṭṭhassapi yasmiṃ nagare tadā bhagavā vihāsi, tassa nagarassapi etadeva nāmaṃ, tasmā <span class="bld">uruññāya</span>nti uruññājanapade uruññāsaṅkhāte nagareti attho. <span class="bld">Ramaṇīyo</span>ti manoharabhūmibhāgatāya chāyūdakasampattiyā, janavivittatāya ca manoramo. <span class="bld">Nāma</span>nti gottanāmaṃ. Tapanaṃ santapanaṃ kāyassa khedanaṃ tapo, so etassa atthīti tapassī, taṃ <span class="bld">tapassiṃ.</span> Yasmā tathābhūto tapaṃ nissito, tapo vā taṃ nissito, tasmā āha <span class="bld">‘‘tapanissitaka’’</span>nti. Lūkhaṃ vā pharusaṃ sādhusammatācāravirahato napasādanīyaṃ ājīvati vattatīti lūkhājīvī, taṃ <span class="bld">lūkhājīviṃ. Muttācārādī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena parato pāḷiyaṃ (dī. ni. 1.397) āgatā hatthāpalekhanādayo saṅgahitā. <span class="bld">Uppaṇḍetī</span>ti uhasanavasena paribhāsati. <span class="bld">Upavadatī</span>ti avaññāpubbakaṃ apavadati, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘hīḷeti vambhetī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Dhammassa ca anudhammaṃ</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">dhammo</span> nāma hetu ‘‘hetumhi ñāṇaṃ dhammapaṭisambhidā’’tiādīsu (vibha. 720) viyāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kāraṇassa anukāraṇa’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Kāraṇa</span>nti cettha tathāpavattassa saddassa attho adhippeto tassa pavattihetubhāvato. Atthappayutto hi saddappayogo. Anukāraṇanti ca so eva parehi tathā vuccamāno. <span class="bld">Parehī</span>ti <a name="P1.0455"></a> ‘‘ye te’’ti vuttasattehi parehi. <span class="bld">Vuttakāraṇenā</span>ti yathā tehi vuttaṃ, tathā ce tumhehi na vuttaṃ, evaṃ sati tehi vuttakāraṇena sakāraṇo hutvā tumhākaṃ vādo vā tato paraṃ tassa anuvādo koci appamattakopi viññūhi garahitabbaṃ ṭhānaṃ kāraṇaṃ nāgaccheyya, kimevaṃ nāgacchatīti yojanā. <span class="bld">‘‘Idaṃ vuttaṃ hotī’’</span>tiādinā tamevatthaṃ saṅkhepato dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para382"></a><a name="para382_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">382</span>. Idāni yaṃ vibhajjavādaṃ sandhāya bhagavatā ‘‘na me te vuttavādino’’ti saṅkhepato vatvā taṃ vibhajitvā dassetuṃ ‘‘idhāhaṃ kassapā’’tiādi vuttaṃ, taṃ vibhāgena dassento <span class="bld">‘‘idhekacco’’</span>tiādimāha<a name="V1.0309"></a>. Bhagavā <a name="M1.0348"></a> hi niratthakaṃ anupasamasaṃvattanikaṃ kāyakilamathaṃ ‘‘attakilamathānuyogo dukkho anariyo anatthasaṃhito’’tiādinā (saṃ. ni. 3.1081; mahāva. 13; paṭi. ma. 2.30) garahati. Sātthakaṃ pana upasamasaṃvattanikaṃ ‘‘āraññiko hoti, paṃsukūliko hotī’’tiādinā vaṇṇeti. <span class="bld">Appapuññatāyā</span>ti apuññatāya. <span class="bld">Tīṇi duccaritāni pūretvā</span>ti micchādiṭṭhibhāvato kammaphalaṃ paṭikkhipanto ‘‘natthi dinna’’ntiādinā (dī. ni. 1.171; ma. ni. 1.445; 2.94, 95, 225; 3.91, 115; saṃ. ni. 3.210; dha. sa. 1221; vibha. 938) micchādiṭṭhiṃ purakkhatvā tathā tathā tīṇi duccaritāni pūretvā. <span class="bld">Anesanavasenā</span>ti kohaññe ṭhatvā asantaguṇasambhāvanicchāya micchājīvavasena. <span class="bld">Ime dve</span>ti ‘‘appapuñño puññavā’’ti ca vutte duccaritakārino dve puggale sandhāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Ime</span> <a name="P1.0456"></a> <span class="bld">dve sandhāyā’’</span>ti ettha pana dutiyanaye ‘‘appapuñño, puññavā’’ti ca vutte sucaritakārinoti ādinā yojetabbaṃ. Kammakiriyavādino hi ime dve puggalā. Iti paṭhamadutiyanayesu vuttanayeneva tatiyacatutthanayesu yojanā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bāhirakācārayutto</span> titthiyācārayutto, na vimuttācāro. <span class="bld">Attānaṃ sukhetvā</span>ti adhammikena sukhena attānaṃ sukhetvā, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘duccaritāni pūretvā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">‘‘Na dāni mayā sadiso atthī’’</span>tiādinā tissannaṃ maññanānaṃ vasena duccaritapūraṇamāha. <span class="bld">Micchādiṭṭhivasenā</span>ti ‘‘natthi kāmesu doso’’ti evaṃ pavattamicchādiṭṭhivasena. <span class="bld">Paribbājikāyā</span>ti pabbajjaṃ upagatāya tāpasadārikāya. <span class="bld">Daharāyā</span>ti taruṇāya. <span class="bld">Mudukāyā</span>ti sukhumālāya. <span class="bld">Lomasāyā</span>ti tanutambalomatāya appalomāya. <span class="bld">Kāmesū</span>ti vatthukāmesu. <span class="bld">Pātabyata</span>nti paribhuñjitabbaṃ, <span class="bld">pātabyata</span>nti vā paribhuñjanakataṃ. <span class="bld">Āpajjanto</span>ti upagacchanto. Paribhogattho hi ayaṃ <span class="bld">pā</span>-saddo, kattusādhano ca <span class="bld">tabba</span>-saddo, yathāruci paribhuñjantoti attho. Kilesakāmopi hi assādiyamāno vatthukāmantogadhoyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ida</span>nti yathāvuttaṃ atthappabhedaṃ vibhajjanaṃ. <span class="bld">Titthiyavasena āgataṃ</span> aṭṭhakathāyaṃ tathā vibhattattā. <span class="bld">Sāsanepī</span>ti imasmiṃ sāsanepi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Arahattaṃ</span> <a name="M1.0349"></a> <span class="bld">vā</span> attani asantaṃ ‘‘atthī’’ti vippaṭijānitvā. Sāmantajappanaṃ, paccayapaṭisevanaṃ, iriyāpathanissitanti imāni <span class="bld">tīṇi vā kuhanavatthūni. Tādiso</span> <a name="P1.0457"></a> <span class="bld">vā</span>ti dhutaṅga- (mi. pa. 4.2; visuddhi. 1.22) <a name="V1.0310"></a> samādānavasena lūkhājīvī eva. <span class="bld">Dullabhasukho bhavissāmi</span> duggatīsu upapattiyāti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para383"></a><a name="para383_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">383</span>. <span class="bld">Asukaṭṭhānato</span>ti asukabhavato. <span class="bld">Āgatā</span>ti nibbattanavasena idhāgatā. <span class="bld">Idāni gantabbaṭṭhāna</span>nti āyatiṃ nibbattanaṭṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Puna upapatti</span>nti āyatiṃ anantarabhavato tatiyaṃ upapattiṃ, <span class="bld">puna upapattī</span>ti punappunaṃ nibbatti. <span class="bld">Kena kāraṇenā</span>ti yathābhūtaṃ ajānanto hi icchādosavasena yaṃ kiñci garaheyya, ahaṃ pana yathābhūtaṃ jānanto sabbaṃ taṃ kena kāraṇena garahissāmi, taṃ kāraṇaṃ natthīti adhippāyo, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘garahitabbamevā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Tamattha</span>nti garahitabbasseva garahaṇaṃ, pasaṃsitabbassa ca pasaṃsanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na koci ‘‘na sādhū’’ti vadati</span> diṭṭhadhammikassa, samparāyikassa ca atthassa sādhanavaseneva pavattiyā bhaddakattā. <span class="bld">Pañcavidhaṃ vera</span>nti pāṇātipātādipañcavidhaṃ veraṃ. Tañhi pañcavidhassa sīlassa paṭisattubhāvato, sattānaṃ verahetutāya ca ‘‘vera’’nti vuccati. Tato eva <span class="bld">taṃ na koci ‘‘sādhū’’ti vadati,</span> tathā diṭṭhadhammikādiatthānaṃ asādhanato, sattānaṃ sādhubhāvassa ca dūsanato. <span class="bld">Na nirundhitabba</span>nti rūpaggahaṇe na nivāretabbaṃ. Dassanīyadassanattho hi cakkhupaṭilābhoti tesaṃ adhippāyo. Yadaggena tesaṃ pañcadvāre asaṃvaro sādhu<a name="P1.0458"></a>, tadaggena tattha saṃvaro na sādhūti āha <span class="bld">‘‘puna yaṃ te ekaccanti pañcadvāre saṃvara’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha vā <span class="bld">yaṃ te ekaccaṃ vadanti ‘‘sādhū’’ti</span> te ‘‘eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā’’ti vuttā titthiyā yaṃ attakilamathānuyogādiṃ ‘‘sādhū’’ti vadanti, mayaṃ taṃ na ‘‘sādhū’’ti vadāma. <span class="bld">Yaṃ te ekaccaṃ vadanti ‘‘na sādhū’’ti</span> yaṃ pana te anavajjapaccayaparibhogaṃ, sunivatthasupārupanādisammāpaṭipattiñca ‘‘na sādhū’’ti vadanti, taṃ mayaṃ ‘‘sādhū’’ti vadāmāti evaṃ pettha attho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ <a name="M1.0350"></a> yaṃ paravādamūlakaṃ catukkaṃ dassitaṃ, tadeva puna sakavādamūlakaṃ katvā dassitanti pakāsento <span class="bld">‘‘eva’’</span>ntiādimāha. Yañhi kiñci kenaci samānaṃ, tenapi taṃ samānameva, tathā asamānaṃ pīti. <span class="bld">Samānāsamānata</span>nti samānāsamānatāmattaṃ. Anavasesato hi pahātabbānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānaṃ sakavāde dissati, na paravāde. Tathā paripuṇṇameva ca upasampādetabbadhammānaṃ upasampādanaṃ sakavāde, na paravāde. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘tyāha’’ntiādi.</p>
<p class="subhead">Samanuyuñjāpanakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para385"></a><a name="para385_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">385</span>. <span class="bld">Laddhiṃ</span> <a name="V1.0311"></a> <span class="bld">pucchanto</span>ti ‘‘kiṃ samaṇo gotamo saṃkilesadhamme anavasesaṃ pahāya vattati, udāhu pare gaṇācariyā. Ettha tāva attano laddhiṃ vadā’’ti laddhiṃ pucchanto. <span class="bld">Kāraṇaṃ pucchanto</span>ti ‘‘samaṇo gotamo saṃkilesadhamme anavasesaṃ pahāya vattatī’’ti vutte ‘‘kena kāraṇena evamatthaṃ gāhayā’’ti kāraṇaṃ pucchanto. <span class="bld">Ubhayaṃ pucchanto</span>ti ‘‘idaṃ nāmettha kāraṇa’’nti kāraṇaṃ vatvā paṭiññāte atthe sādhiyamāne anvayato, byatirekato ca kāraṇaṃ samatthetuṃ sadisāsadisabhedaṃ upamodāharaṇadvayaṃ pucchanto, <span class="bld">ubhayaṃ pucchanto</span> kāraṇassa ca tilakkhaṇasampattiyā yathāpaṭiññāte atthe sādhite <a name="P1.0459"></a> sammadeva anupacchā bhāsanto nigamento <span class="bld">samanubhāsati nāma. Upasaṃharitvā</span>ti upanetvā. <span class="bld">‘‘Kiṃ te’’</span>tiādi upasaṃharaṇākāradassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Dutiyapade</span>ti ‘‘saṅghena vā saṅgha’’nti imasmiṃ pade.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tamattha</span>nti taṃ pahātabbadhammānaṃ anavasesaṃ pahāya vattanasaṅkhātañca samādātabbadhammānaṃ anavasesaṃ samādāya vattanasaṅkhātañca atthaṃ. <span class="bld">Yojetvā</span>ti akusalādipadehi yojetvā. Akosallasambhūtaṭṭhena <span class="bld">akusalā ceva</span> tatoyeva <span class="bld">akusalāti ca</span> saṅkhaṃ gatāti <span class="bld">saṅkhātā</span> tattha purimapadena ekantākusale vadati, dutiyapadena taṃsahagate, taṃpakkhiye ca, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘koṭṭhāsaṃ vā katvā ṭhapitā’’</span>ti, akusalapakkhiyabhāvena vavatthāpitāti attho. Avajjaṭṭho dosaṭṭho gārayhapariyāyattāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sāvajjāti sadosā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ariyā</span> nāma niddosā, ime pana katthacipi niddosā na hontīti <span class="bld">niddosaṭṭhena ariyā bhavituṃ nālaṃ asamatthā. </span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para386-392"></a><a name="para386-392_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">386-392</span>. <span class="bld">Ya</span>nti <a name="M1.0351"></a> kāraṇe etaṃ paccattavacananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yena viññū’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Yaṃ vā panā</span>ti ‘‘yaṃ pana kiñcī’’ti asambhāvanavacanametanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ vā taṃ vā appamattaka’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Gaṇācariyā</span> pūraṇādayo. Satthuppabhavattā saṅghassa saṅghasampattiyāpi satthusampatti vibhāvīyatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘saṅghapasaṃsāyapi satthuyeva pasaṃsāsiddhito’’</span>ti. Sā pana pasaṃsā pasādahetukāti pasādamukhena taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pasīdamānāpi hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">pi</span>-saddena yathā anvayato pasaṃsā samuccīyati, evaṃ satthuvippaṭipattiyā sāvakesu, sāvakavippaṭipattiyā ca satthari appasādo samuccīyatīti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Sarīrasampatti</span>nti rūpasampattiṃ, rūpakāyapāripūrinti attho. <span class="bld">Bhavanti vattāro</span> rūpappamāṇā<a name="P1.0460"></a>, ghosadhammappamāṇā ca. Puna <span class="bld">bhavanti vattāro</span>ti dhammappamāṇavaseneva yojetabbaṃ. Yā saṅghassa pasaṃsāti ānetvā sambandho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="V1.0312"></a> yā buddhānaṃ, buddhasāvakānaṃyeva ca pāsaṃsatā, aññesañca tadabhāvo jotito, taṃ viratippahānasaṃvaruddesavasena nīharitvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ayamadhippāyo’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">setughātavirati</span> nāma ariyamaggavirati. <span class="bld">Vipassanāmattavasenā</span>ti ‘‘anicca’’nti vā ‘‘dukkha’’nti vā vividhaṃ dassanamattavasena, na pana nāmarūpavavatthānapaccayapariggaṇhanapubbakaṃ lakkhaṇattayaṃ āropetvā saṅkhārānaṃ sammasanavasena. <span class="bld">Itarānī</span>ti samucchedapaṭippassaddhinissaraṇappahānāni. <span class="bld">‘‘Sesa’’</span>nti pañcasīlato añño sabbo sīlasaṃvaro, ‘‘khamo hotī’’tiādinā (ma. ni. 1.24; 3.159; a. ni. 4.114) vutto suparisuddho khantisaṃvaro, ‘‘paññāyete pidhiyyare’’ti (su. ni. 1041; cūḷani. 60) evaṃ vutto kilesānaṃ samucchedako maggañāṇasaṅkhāto ñāṇasaṃvaro, manacchaṭṭhānaṃ indriyānaṃ pidahanavasena pavatto parisuddho indriyasaṃvaro, ‘‘anuppannānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ anuppādāyā’’tiādinā (dī. ni. 2.402; ma. ni. 1.135; saṃ. ni. 5.8; vibha. 205) vutto sammappadhānasaṅkhāto vīriyasaṃvaroti imaṃ saṃvarapañcakaṃ sandhāyāha. <span class="bld">Pañca kho panime pātimokkhuddesā</span>tiādi sāsane sīlassa bahubhāvaṃ dassetvā tadekadese eva paresaṃ avaṭṭhānadassanatthaṃ <a name="P1.0461"></a> yathāvuttasīlasaṃvarasseva puna gahaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Ariyaaṭṭhaṅgikamaggavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para393"></a><a name="para393_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">393</span>. <span class="bld">Sīhanāda</span>nti <a name="M1.0352"></a> seṭṭhanādaṃ, abhītanādaṃ kenaci appaṭivattiyanādanti attho. ‘‘Ayaṃ yathāvutto mama vādo aviparīto, tassa aviparītabhāvo imaṃ maggaṃ paṭipajjitvā aparappaccayato jānitabbo’’ti evaṃ <span class="bld">aviparītabhāvāvabodhanatthaṃ. ‘‘Atthi kassapā’’</span>tiādīsu yaṃ maggaṃ paṭipanno samaṇo gotamo vadanto yuttapattakāle, tathabhāvato bhūtaṃ, ekaṃsato hitāvihabhāvena atthaṃ, dhammato anapetattā dhammaṃ, vinayayogato paresaṃ vinayanato ca vinayaṃ vadatīti sāmaṃyeva attapaccakkhatova jānissati, so mayā sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedito sakalavaṭṭadukkhanissaraṇabhūto atthi kassapa maggo, tassa ca adhigamūpāyabhūtā pubbabhāgapaṭipadāti ayamettha yojanā. Tena ‘‘samaṇo gotamo ime dhamme’’tiādinayappavatto vādo kenaci asaṃkampiyo yathābhūtasīhanādoti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passatī’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 3.134) viya <span class="bld">maggañca paṭipadañca ekato katvā dassento. ‘‘Ayamevā’’</span>ti vacanaṃ maggassa puthubhāvapaṭikkhepanatthaṃ, sabbaariyasādhāraṇabhāvadassanatthaṃ, sāsane pākaṭabhāvadassanatthañca. Tenāha ‘‘ekāyano <a name="V1.0313"></a> ayaṃ bhikkhave maggo’’ti, (dī. ni. 2.373; ma. ni. 1.106; saṃ. ni. 5.367, 384, 409)‘‘eseva maggo natthañño dassanassa visuddhiyā’’ti (dha. pa. 274),</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Ekāyanaṃ jātikhayantadassī,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Maggaṃ pajānāti hitānukampī;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Etena maggena tariṃsu pubbe,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tarissanti ye ca taranti ogha’’nti. (saṃ. ni. 5.384, 409; mahāni. 191; cūḷani. 107, 121; netti. 170);</p>
<p class="unindented">Sabbesu <a name="P1.0462"></a> suttapadesesu abhidhammapadesesu ca ekovāyaṃ maggo pākaṭo paññāto āgato cāti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Tapopakkamakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para394"></a><a name="para394_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">394</span>. Tapoyeva upakkamitabbato ārabhitabbato tapopakkamoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tapārambhā’’</span>ti. Ārambhanañcettha karaṇamevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tapokammānīti</span> <a name="M1.0353"></a> <span class="bld">attho’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Samaṇakammasaṅkhātā</span>ti samaṇehi kattabbakammasaññitā. <span class="bld">Niccolo</span>ti nissaṭṭhacelo sabbena sabbaṃ paṭikkhittacelo. Naggiyavatasamādānena <span class="bld">naggo. ‘‘Ṭhitakova uccāraṃ karotī’’</span>tiādi nidassanamattaṃ, vamitvā mukhavikkhālanādiācārassapi tena vissaṭṭhattā. <span class="bld">Jivhāya hatthaṃ apalikhati</span> apalihati udakena adhovanato. Dutiyavikappepi eseva nayo. ‘‘Ehi bhaddante’’ti vutte upagamanasaṅkhāto vidhi ehibhaddanto, taṃ caratīti ehibhaddantiko, tappaṭikkhepena <span class="bld">na ehibhaddantiko. Na karoti</span> samaṇena nāma parassa vacanakarena na bhavitabbanti adhippāyena. <span class="bld">Puretara</span>nti taṃ ṭhānaṃ attano upagamanato puretaraṃ. Taṃ kira so ‘‘bhikkhunā nāma yādicchakī eva bhikkhā gahetabbā’’ti adhippāyena na gaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Uddissakataṃ</span> ‘‘mama nimittabhāvena bahū khuddakā pāṇā saṅghātaṃ āpāditā’’ti na gaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Nimantanaṃ na sādiyati</span> ‘‘evaṃ tesaṃ vacanaṃ kataṃ bhavissatī’’ti. Kumbhīādīsupi so sattasaññīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kumbhīkaḷopiyo’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kabaḷantarāyo</span>ti kabaḷassa antarāyo <span class="bld">hotīti.</span> Gāmasabhāgādivasena saṅgamma kittenti etissāti <span class="bld">saṅkitti,</span> tathā saṃhaṭataṇḍulādisañcayo. <span class="bld">Manussā</span>ti veyyāvaccakaramanussā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Surāpānamevā</span>ti <a name="V1.0314"></a> majjalakkhaṇappattāya surāya pānameva surāggahaṇena cettha merayampi saṅgahitaṃ. Ekāgārameva <a name="P1.0463"></a> uñchatīti <span class="bld">ekāgāriko.</span> Ekālopeneva vattatīti <span class="bld">ekālopiko.</span> Dīyati etāyāti <span class="bld">datti,</span> dvattiālopamattagāhi khuddakaṃ bhikkhādānabhājanaṃ, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘khuddakapātī’’</span>ti. Abhuñjanavasena eko aho etassa atthīti ekāhiko, āhāro. Taṃ <span class="bld">ekāhikaṃ,</span> so pana atthato ekadivasalaṅghakoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ekadivasantarika’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">‘‘Dvīhika’’</span>ntiādīsupi eseva nayo. Ekāhaṃ abhuñjitvā ekāhaṃ bhuñjanaṃ <span class="bld">ekāhavāro,</span> taṃ ekāhikameva atthato. Dvīhaṃ abhuñjitvā dvīhaṃ bhuñjanaṃ <span class="bld">dvīhavāro. </span> Sesadvayepi eseva nayo. Ukkaṭṭho pana pariyāyabhattabhojaniko dvīhaṃ abhuñjitvā ekāhameva bhuñjati. Sesadvayepi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para395"></a><a name="para395_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">395</span>. <span class="bld">Kuṇḍaka</span>nti tanutaraṃ taṇḍulasakalaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para396"></a><a name="para396_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">396</span>. Saṇehi <a name="M1.0354"></a> saṇavākehi nibbattavatthāni <span class="bld">sāṇāni. </span> Missasāṇāni <span class="bld">masāṇāni,</span> na bhaṅgāni. <span class="bld">Erakatiṇādīnī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena akkamakacikadalīvākādīnaṃ saṅgaho. Erakādīhi katāni hi chavāni lāmakāni dussānīti vattabbataṃ labhanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Micchāvāyāmavaseneva ukkuṭikavatānuyogoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ukkuṭikavīriyaṃ anuyutto’’</span>ti. Thaṇḍilanti vā samā pakatibhūmi vuccati ‘‘patthaṇḍile pāturahosī’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 4.10) viya, tasmā <span class="bld">thaṇḍilaseyya</span>nti anantarahitāya pakatibhūmiyaṃ seyyanti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Laddhaṃ āsana</span>nti nisīdituṃ yathāladdhaṃ āsanaṃ. <span class="bld">Akopetvā</span>ti aññattha anupagantvā, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tattheva nisīdanasīlo’’</span>ti. So hi taṃ achaḍḍento apariccajanto akopento nāma hoti. <span class="bld">Vikaṭanti gūthaṃ vuccati</span> āsayavasena virūpaṃ jātanti katvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca ‘‘acelako hotī’’tiādīni vatapadāni yāva ‘‘na <a name="P1.0464"></a> thusodakaṃ pivatī’’ti etāni ekavārāni. ‘‘Ekāgāriko vā’’tiādīni nānāvārāni, nānākālikāni vā. Tathā ‘‘sākabhakkho vā’’tiādīni, ‘‘sāṇānipi dhāretī’’tiādīni ca. Tathā hettha vā-saddaggahaṇaṃ, pi-saddaggahaṇañca kataṃ. Pi-saddopi vikappattho eva daṭṭhabbo. Purimesu pana na kataṃ. Evañca katvā ‘‘acelako hotī’’ti vatvā ‘‘sāṇānipi dhāretī’’tiādi vacanassa, ‘‘rajojalladharo hotī’’ti vatvā ‘‘udakorohanānuyogaṃ anuyutto’’ti vacanassa ca avirodho siddho hoti. Atha vā kimettha avirodhacintāya. Ummattakapacchisadiso hi titthiyavādo. Atha <a name="V1.0315"></a> vā ‘‘acelako hotī’’ti ārabhitvā tappasaṅgena sabbampi attakilamathānuyogaṃ dassentena ‘‘sāṇānipi dhāretī’’tiādi vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Tapopakkamaniratthakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para397"></a><a name="para397_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">397</span>. <span class="bld">Sīlasampadādīhi vinā</span>ti sīlasampadā, samādhisampadā, paññāsampadāti imāhi lokuttarāhi sampadāhi vinā na kadāci sāmaññaṃ vā brahmaññaṃ vā sambhavati, yasmā ca tadevaṃ, tasmā tesaṃ tapopakkamānaṃ niratthakataṃ dassentoti yojanā. <span class="bld">‘‘Dosaveravirahita’’</span>nti idaṃ dosassa <a name="M1.0355"></a> mettāya ujupaṭipakkhatāya vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Dosa</span>-ggahaṇena vā sabbepi jhānapaṭipakkhā saṃkilesadhammā gahitā, <span class="bld">vera</span>-ggahaṇena paccatthikabhūtā sattā. Yadaggena hi dosarahitaṃ, tadaggena verarahitanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para398"></a><a name="para398_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">398</span>. Pākaṭabhāvena kāyati gametīti <span class="bld">pakati,</span> lokasiddhavādo, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘pakati kho esāti pakatikathā esā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Mattāyā</span>ti <span class="bld">mattā</span>-saddo ‘‘mattā sukhapariccāgā’’tiādīsu <a name="P1.0465"></a> (dha. pa. 290) viya appatthaṃ antonītaṃ katvā pamāṇavācakoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘iminā pamāṇena evaṃ parittakenā’’</span>ti. Tena pana pamāṇena pahātabbo pakaraṇappatto paṭipattikkamoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘paṭipattikkamenā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sabbatthā</span>ti sabbavāresu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para399"></a><a name="para399_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">399</span>. <span class="bld">Aññathā vadathā</span>ti yadi acelakabhāvādinā sāmaññaṃ vā brahmaññaṃ vā abhavissa, suvijānova samaṇo suvijāno brāhmaṇo. Yasmā pana tumhe ito aññathāva sāmaññaṃ brahmaññañca vadatha, tasmā dujjānova samaṇo dujjāno brāhmaṇo, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘idaṃ sandhāyāhā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Taṃ pakativādaṃ paṭikkhipitvā</span>ti pubbe yaṃ pākatikaṃ sāmaññaṃ brahmaññañca hadaye ṭhapetvā tena ‘‘dukkara’’ntiādi vuttaṃ, tameva sandhāya bhagavatāpi ‘‘pakati kho esā’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Idha pana <span class="bld">taṃ pakativādaṃ</span> pākatikasamaṇabrāhmaṇavisayaṃ kathaṃ paṭikkhipitvā paṭisaṃharitvā <span class="bld">sabhāvatova</span> paramatthatova samaṇassa brāhmaṇassa ca <span class="bld">dujjānabhāvaṃ āvikaronto</span> pakāsento. <span class="bld">Tatrāpī</span>ti samaṇabrāhmaṇavādepi <span class="bld">vuttanayeneva.</span></p>
<p class="subhead">Sīlasamādhipaññāsampadāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para400-1"></a><a name="para400-1_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">400-1</span>. <span class="bld">Paṇḍito</span>ti hetusampattisiddhena paṇḍiccena samannāgato, <span class="bld">kathaṃ uggahesi</span> paripakkañāṇattā <a name="V1.0316"></a> ghaṭe padīpena viya abbhantare samujjalantena paññāveyyattiyena tattha tattha bhagavatā desitamatthaṃ pariggaṇhanto tampi desanaṃ upadhāresi. <span class="bld">Tassa cā</span>ti yo acelako hoti yāva udakorohanānuyogaṃ anuyutto viharati, tassa ca. <span class="bld">Tā sampattiyo pucchāmi,</span> yāhi samaṇo ca hotīti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Sīlasampadāyā</span>ti <span class="bld">iti</span>-saddo ādiattho, tena ‘‘cittasampadāya paññāsampadāyā’’ti padadvayaṃ <a name="M1.0356"></a> saṅgaṇhāti asekkhasīlādikhandhattayasaṅgahitañhi arahattaṃ, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘arahattaphalameva sandhāya vutta’’</span>ntiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">ida</span>nti idaṃ vacanaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Sīhanādakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para402"></a><a name="para402_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">402</span>. Anaññasādhāraṇatāya<a name="P1.0466"></a>, anaññasādhāraṇatthavisayatāya ca <span class="bld">anuttaraṃ buddhasīhanādaṃ nadanto.</span> Ativiya accantavisuddhatāya <span class="bld">paramavisuddhaṃ. Parama</span>nti ukkaṭṭhaṃ, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘uttama’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Sīlameva</span> lokiyasīlattā. Yathā anaññasādhāraṇaṃ bhagavato lokuttarasīlaṃ savāsanaṃ paṭipakkhaviddhaṃsanato, evaṃ lokiyasīlampi tassa anucchavikabhāvena sambhūtattā, samena samanti <span class="bld">samasama</span>nti ayamettha atthoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘mama sīlasamena sīlena mayā sama’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">‘‘Yadidaṃ adhisīla’’</span>nti lokiyaṃ, lokuttarañcāti duvidhampi buddhasīlaṃ ekajjhaṃ katvā vuttaṃ. Tenāha ‘‘sīlepī’’ti. <span class="bld">Iti ima</span>nti evaṃ imaṃ sīlavisayaṃ. Paṭhamaṃ pavattattā <span class="bld">paṭhamaṃ.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tapatī</span>ti santappati, vidhamatīti attho. <span class="bld">Jigucchatī</span>ti hīḷeti lāmakato ṭhapeti. <span class="bld">Niddosattā ariyā</span> ārakā kilesehīti. Maggaphalasampayuttā vīriyasaṅkhātā tapojigucchāti ānetvā sambandho. <span class="bld">Paramā nāma</span> sabbukkaṭṭhabhāvato. Yathā yuvino bhāvo yobbanaṃ, evaṃ jigucchino bhāvo <span class="bld">jegucchaṃ.</span> Kilesānaṃ samucchindanapaṭippassambhanāni <span class="bld">samucchedapaṭipassaddhivimuttiyo. Nissaraṇavimutti</span> nibbānaṃ. Atha vā sammāvācādīnaṃ adhisīlaggahaṇena, sammāvāyāmassa adhijegucchaggahaṇena, sammādiṭṭhiyā adhipaññāggahaṇena gahitattā aggahitaggahaṇena sammāsaṅkappasatisamādhayo maggaphalapariyāpannā <span class="bld">samucchedapaṭipassaddhivimuttiyo</span> daṭṭhabbā. <span class="bld">Nissaraṇavimutti</span> pana nibbānameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para403"></a><a name="para403_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">403</span>. Yaṃ kiñci janavivittaṃ ṭhānaṃ idha <span class="bld">‘‘suññāgāra’’</span>nti adhippetaṃ. Tattha nadantena vinā nādo natthīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ekatova nisīditvā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhasu parisāsū</span>ti khattiyaparisā, brāhmaṇaparisā, gahapatiparisā, samaṇaparisā, cātumahārājikaparisā, tāvatiṃsaparisā, māraparisā, brahmaparisāti <a name="P1.0467"></a> imāsu aṭṭhasu parisāsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vesārajjānī</span>ti <a name="V1.0317"></a><a name="M1.0357"></a> visāradabhāvā ñāṇappahānasampadānimittaṃ kutoci asantassanabhāvā nibbhayabhāvāti attho. <span class="bld">Āsabhaṃ ṭhāna</span>nti seṭṭhaṃ ṭhānaṃ, uttamaṃ ṭhānanti attho. <span class="bld">Āsabhā</span> vā pubbabuddhā, tesaṃ ṭhānanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica usabhassa idanti āsabhaṃ, āsabhaṃ viyāti āsabhaṃ. Yathā hi nisabhasaṅkhāto usabho attano usabhabalena catūhi pādehi pathaviṃ uppīḷetvā acalaṭṭhānena tiṭṭhati, evaṃ tathāgatopi dasahi tathāgatabalehi samannāgato catūhi vesārajjapādehi aṭṭhaparisāpathaviṃ uppīḷetvā sadevake loke kenaci paccatthikena akampiyo acalena ṭhānena tiṭṭhati. Evaṃ tiṭṭhamānova taṃ āsabhaṃ ṭhānaṃ paṭijānāti upagacchati na paccakkhāti attani āropeti. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘āsabhaṃ ṭhānaṃ paṭijānātī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sīhanādaṃ nadatī</span>ti yathā migarājā parissayānaṃ sahanato, vanamahiṃsamattavāraṇādīnaṃ hananato ca ‘‘sīho’’ti vuccati, evaṃ tathāgato lokadhammānaṃ sahanato, parappavādānaṃ hananato ca ‘‘sīho’’ti vuccati. Evaṃ vuttassa sīhassa nādaṃ sīhanādaṃ. Tattha yathā sīho sīhabalena samannāgato sabbattha visārado vigatalomahaṃso sīhanādaṃ nadati, evaṃ tathāgatasīhopi dasahi tathāgatabalehi samannāgato aṭṭhasu parisāsu visārado vigatalomahaṃso ‘‘iti rūpa’’ntiādinā (saṃ. ni. 3.78; a. ni. 8.2) nayena nānāvilāsasampannaṃ sīhanādaṃ nadati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pañhaṃ abhisaṅkharitvā</span>ti ñātuṃ icchitamatthaṃ attano ñāṇabalānurūpaṃ abhiracitvā <span class="bld">taṅkhaṇaṃyevā</span>ti pucchitakkhaṇeyeva <a name="P1.0468"></a> ṭhānuppattikapaṭibhānena <span class="bld">vissajjeti. Cittaṃ paritosetiyeva</span> ajjhāsayānurūpaṃ vissajjanato. <span class="bld">Sotabbañcassa maññanti</span> aṭṭhakkhaṇavajjitena navamena khaṇena labbhamānattā. ‘‘Yaṃ no satthā bhāsati, taṃ no sossāmā’’ti ādaragāravajātā <span class="bld">mahantena ussāhena sotabbaṃ</span> sampaṭicchitabbaṃ <span class="bld">maññanti. Suppasannā</span> pasādābhibuddhiyā vigatupakkilesatāya <span class="bld">kallacittā muducittā honti. Pasannakāra</span>nti pasannehi kātabbasakkāraṃ, dhammāmisapūjanti attho. Tattha āmisapūjaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘paṇītānī’’</span>tiādimāha. Dhammapūjā pana <span class="bld">‘‘tathattāyā’’</span>ti iminā dassitā. <span class="bld">Tathābhāvāyā</span>ti yathattāya yassa vaṭṭadukkhanissaraṇatthāya <a name="M1.0358"></a> dhammo desito, tathābhāvāya, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘dhammānudhammapaṭipattipūraṇatthāyā’’</span>ti. Sā ca dhammānudhammapaṭipatti yāya anupubbiyā paṭipajjitabbā, paṭipajjantānañca sati ajjhattikaṅgasamavāye ekaṃsikā tassā pāripūrīti taṃ anupubbiṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘keci saraṇesū’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Imasmiṃ</span> <a name="V1.0318"></a> <span class="bld">panokāse ṭhatvā</span>ti ‘‘paṭipannā ca ārādhentī’’ti etasmiṃ sīhanādakiccapāripūridīpane pāḷipadese ṭhatvā. <span class="bld">Samodhānetabbā</span>ti saṅkalitabbā. <span class="bld">Eko sīhanādo</span> asādhāraṇo aññehi appaṭivattiyo seṭṭhanādo abhītanādoti katvā. Esa nayo sesesupi. <span class="bld">Purimānaṃ dasanna</span>ntiādito paṭṭhāya yāva ‘‘vimuttiyā mayhaṃ sadiso natthī’’ti etesaṃ purimānaṃ dasannaṃ sīhanādānaṃ, niddhāraṇe cettha sāmivacanaṃ, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ekekassā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">‘‘Parisāsu ca nadatī’’</span>ti <span class="bld">ādayo parivārā</span> ‘‘ekaccaṃ tapassiṃ niraye nibbattaṃ passāmī’’ti sīhanādaṃ nadanto bhagavā parisāyaṃ nadati visārado nadati yāva ‘‘paṭipannā ārādhentī’’ti atthayojanāya sambhavato<a name="P1.0469"></a>. Tathā sesesupi navasu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Eva’’</span>ntiādi yathāvuttānaṃ tesaṃ saṅkaletvā dassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Te dasā</span>ti te ‘‘parisāsu ca nadatī’’ti ādayo sīhanādā. <span class="bld">Purimānaṃ dasanna</span>nti yathāvuttānaṃ purimānaṃ dasannaṃ. <span class="bld">Parivāravasenā</span>ti paccekaṃ parivāravasena yojiyamānā <span class="bld">sataṃ</span> sīhanādā. <span class="bld">Purimā ca dasā</span>ti tathā ayojiyamānā purimā ca dasāti evaṃ <span class="bld">dasādhikaṃ sīhanādasataṃ hoti. Evaṃ vādīnaṃ vāda</span>nti evaṃ pavattavādānaṃ titthiyānaṃ vādaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭisedhetvā</span>ti tathābhāvābhāvadassanena paṭikkhipitvā. Yaṃ bhagavā <span class="bld">udumbarikasutte</span> ‘‘idha nigrodha tapassī’’tiādinā (dī. ni. 3.33) upakkilesavibhāgaṃ, pārisuddhivibhāgañca dassento saparisassa nigrodhassa paribbājakassa purato sīhanādaṃ nadi, taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘idāni parisati naditapubbaṃ sīhanādaṃ dassento’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Titthiyaparivāsakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para404"></a><a name="para404_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">404</span>. <span class="bld">Ida</span>nti ‘‘rājagahe gijjhakūṭe pabbate viharantaṃ maṃ…pe… pañhaṃ pucchī’’ti idaṃ vacanaṃ. Kāmaṃ yadā nigrodho pañhaṃ pucchi, bhagavā cassa vissajjesi, na tadā <a name="M1.0359"></a> gijjhakūṭe pabbate viharati, rājagahasamīpe pana viharatīti katvā <span class="bld">‘‘rājagahe gijjhakūṭe pabbate viharantaṃ ma’’</span>nti vuttaṃ, gijjhakūṭe viharaṇañcassa tadā avicchinnanti, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ taṃ bhagavā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Yoge</span>ti naye, dukkhanissaraṇūpāyeti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para405"></a><a name="para405_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">405</span>. Yaṃ parivāsaṃ sāmaṇerabhūmiyaṃ ṭhito parivasatīti yojanā. Yasmā sāmaṇerabhūmiyaṃ ṭhitena parivasitabbaṃ, na gihibhūtena, tasmā <span class="bld">aparivasitvāyeva pabbajjaṃ labhati. Ākaṅkhati pabbajjaṃ, ākaṅkhati upasampada</span>nti ettha pana <span class="bld">pabbajjā</span>-ggahaṇaṃ vacanasiliṭṭhatāvaseneva ‘‘dirattatirattaṃ <a name="P1.0470"></a><a name="V1.0319"></a> sahaseyya’’nti (pāci. 50) ettha dirattaggahaṇaṃ viya. <span class="bld">Gāmappavesanādīnī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena vesiyāvidhavāthullakumāripaṇḍakabhikkhunigocaratā, sabrahmacārīnaṃ uccāvacesu kiṃkaraṇīyesu dakkhānalasāditā, uddesaparipucchādīsu tibbachandatā, yassa titthāyatanato idhāgato, tassa avaṇṇe, ratanattayassa ca vaṇṇe anattamanatā, tadubhayaṃ yathākkamaṃ vaṇṇe ca avaṇṇe ca attamanatāti imesaṃ saṅgaho veditabbo, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘aṭṭha vattāni pūrentenā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ghaṃsitvā koṭṭetvā</span>ti ajjhāsayassa vīmaṃsanavasena suvaṇṇaṃ viya ghaṃsitvā koṭṭetvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gaṇamajjhe nisīditvā</span>ti upasampadākammassa gaṇappahonakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ majjhe saṅghatthero viya tassa anuggahatthaṃ nisīditvā. <span class="bld">Vūpakaṭṭho</span>ti vivitto. Tādisassa sīlavisodhane appamādo avuttasiddhoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kammaṭṭhāne satiṃ avijahanto’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Pesitacitto</span>ti nibbānaṃ pati pesitacitto taṃninno tappoṇo tappabbhāro. Jātikulaputtāpi ācārasampannā eva arahattādhigamāya pabbajjāpekkhā hontīti tepi tehi ekasaṅgahe karonto āha <span class="bld">‘‘kulaputtāti ācārakulaputtā’’</span>ti, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sammadevāti hetunāva kāraṇenevā’’</span>ti. ‘‘Otiṇṇomhi jātiyā’’tiādinā nayena hi saṃvegapubbikaṃ yathānusiṭṭhaṃ pabbajjaṃ sandhāya idha ‘‘sammadevā’’ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Hetunā</span>ti ñāyena. <span class="bld">Pāpuṇitvā</span>ti patvā adhigantvā. <span class="bld">Sampādetvā</span>ti asekkhā sīlasamādhipaññā nipphādetvā, paripūretvā vāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Niṭṭhāpetu</span>nti <a name="M1.0360"></a><a name="P1.0471"></a> nigamanavasena pariyosāpetuṃ. ‘‘Brahmacariyapariyosānaṃ…pe… vihāsī’’ti iminā eva hi arahattanikūṭena desanā pariyosāpitā. Taṃ pana nigamento <span class="bld">‘‘aññataro kho panā…pe… ahosī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ dhammasaṅgāhakehi. Yaṃ panettha atthato na vibhattaṃ, taṃ suviññeyyameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Mahāsīhanādasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā.</p>
<p class="chapter"><a name="dn1_9"></a>9. Poṭṭhapādasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">Poṭṭhapādaparibbājakavatthuvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para406"></a><a name="para406_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">406</span>. <span class="bld">Sāvatthiya</span>nti <a name="V1.0320"></a><a name="M1.0361"></a><a name="P1.0472"></a> samīpatthe bhummanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sāvatthiṃ upanissāyā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Jetassa kumārassa vane</span>ti jetena nāma rājakumārena ropite upavane. Nivāsaphāsutādinā pabbajitā āramanti etthāti <span class="bld">ārāmo,</span> vihāro. Phoṭo pādesu jātoti <span class="bld">poṭṭhapādo.</span> Vatthacchāyāchādanapabbajūpagatattā <span class="bld">channaparibbājako. Brāhmaṇamahāsālo</span>ti mahāvibhavatāya mahāsāratāpatto brāhmaṇo. <span class="bld">Samaya</span>nti sāmaññaniddeso, taṃ taṃ samayanti attho. <span class="bld">Pavadantī</span>ti pakārato vadanti, attanā attanā uggahitaniyāmena yathā tathā samayaṃ vadantīti attho. <span class="bld">‘‘Pabhutayo’’</span>ti iminā todeyyajāṇusoṇīsoṇadaṇḍādike saṅgaṇhāti, <span class="bld">paribbājakādayo</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena channaparibbājakādike. Tindukācīramettha atthīti tindukācīro, ārāmo. Tathā ekā sālā etthāti ekasālako, tasmiṃ <span class="bld">tindukācīre ekasālake.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext">Anekākārānavasesañeyyatthavibhāvanato, aparāparuppattito ca bhagavato ñāṇaṃ tattha patthaṭaṃ viya hotīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ pattharitvā’’</span>ti, yato tassa ñāṇajālatā vuccati, veneyyānaṃ tadantogadhatā heṭṭhā vuttāyeva. Veneyyasattapariggaṇhanatthaṃ samannāhāre kate paṭhamaṃ nesaṃ veneyyabhāveneva upaṭṭhānaṃ hoti, atha saraṇagamanādivasena kiccanipphatti vīmaṃsīyatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kiṃ nu kho bhavissatīti upaparikkhanto’’</span>ti<a name="P1.0473"></a>. <span class="bld">Nirodha</span>nti saññānirodhaṃ. <span class="bld">Nirodhā vuṭṭhāna</span>nti tato nirodhato vuṭṭhānaṃ saññuppattiṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbabuddhānaṃ ñāṇena saṃsanditvā</span>ti yathā te nirodhaṃ, nirodhato vuṭṭhānañca byākariṃsu, byākarissanti ca, tathā byākaraṇavasena saṃsanditvā. <span class="bld">Hatthisāriputto</span>ti hatthisārino putto. <span class="bld">‘‘Yugandharapabbataṃ parikkhipitvā’’</span>ti idaṃ parikappavacanaṃ ‘‘tādisaṃ atthi ce, taṃ viyā’’ti. <span class="bld">Meghavaṇṇa</span>nti rattameghavaṇṇaṃ, sañjhāppabhānurañjitameghasaṅkāsanti attho. <span class="bld">Paccaggha</span>nti abhinavaṃ ādito tathāladdhavohārena<a name="M1.0362"></a>, anaññaparibhogatāya<a name="V1.0321"></a>, tathā vā satthu adhiṭṭhānena so patto sabbakālaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘paccagghaṃ’’</span> tveva vuccati, silādivuttaratanalakkhaṇūpapattiyā vā so patto <span class="bld">‘‘paccaggha’’</span>nti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para407"></a><a name="para407_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">407</span>. <span class="bld">Attano rucivasena</span> saddhammaṭṭhitijjhāsayavasena, na parena ussāhitoti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">‘‘Atippagabhāvameva disvā’’</span>ti idaṃ bhūtakathanaṃ na tāva bhikkhācāravelā sampattāti dassanatthaṃ. Bhagavā hi tadā kālasseva vihārato nikkhanto ‘‘vāsanābhāgiyāya dhammadesanāya poṭṭhapādaṃ anuggaṇhissāmī’’ti. <span class="bld">Yannūnāha</span>nti aññattha saṃsayaparidīpano, idha pana saṃsayaparidīpano viya. Kasmāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘buddhāna’’</span>ntiādi. <span class="bld">Saṃsayo nāma natthi</span> bodhimūle eva samugghāṭitattā. <span class="bld">Parivitakkapubbabhāgo</span>ti adhippetakiccassa pubbabhāgaparivitakko eva. <span class="bld">Buddhānaṃ labbhatī</span>ti ‘‘karissāma, na karissāmā’’tiādiko esa cittacāro buddhānaṃ labbhati sambhavati vicāraṇavasena pavattanato, na pana saṃsayavasena. <span class="bld">Tenāhā</span>ti yena buddhānampi labbhati, tenevāha bhagavā <span class="bld">‘‘yannūnāha’’</span>nti. Parikappane vāyaṃ nipāto. ‘‘Upasaṅkameyya’’nti <a name="P1.0474"></a> kiriyāpadena vuccamāno eva hi attho ‘‘yannūnā’’ti nipātapadena jotīyati. Ahaṃ yannūna upasaṅkameyyanti yojanā. <span class="bld">Yadi panā</span>ti idampi tena samānatthanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yadi panāhanti attho’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para408"></a><a name="para408_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">408</span>. Yathā unnatappāyo saddo unnādo, evaṃ vipulabhāvena uparūpari pavattopi unnādoti tadubhayaṃ ekajjhaṃ katvā <span class="bld">pāḷiyaṃ</span> ‘‘unnādiniyā’’ti vatvā puna vibhāgena dassetuṃ ‘‘uccāsaddamahāsaddāyā’’ti vuttanti tamatthaṃ vivaranto <span class="bld">‘‘uccaṃ nadamānāyā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti parisāya. <span class="bld">Uddhaṃgamanavasenā</span>ti unnatabahulatāya uggantvā uggantvā pavattanavasena. <span class="bld">Disāsu patthaṭavasenā</span>ti vipulabhāvena bhūtaparamparāya sabbadisāsu pattharaṇavasena. Idāni paribbājakaparisāya uccāsaddamahāsaddatāya kāraṇaṃ, tassa ca pavattiākāraṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘tesañhī’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Kāmassādo</span> nāma kāmaguṇassādo. Kāmabhavādigato assādo <span class="bld">bhavassādo.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para409"></a><a name="para409_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">409</span>. <span class="bld">Saṇṭhapesī</span>ti <a name="M1.0363"></a> saṃyamanavasena sammadeva ṭhapesi, saṇṭhapanañcettha tiracchānakathāya aññamaññasmiṃ agāravassa jahāpanavasena ācārassa sikkhāpanaṃ, yathāvuttadosassa nigūhanañca hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sikkhāpesī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Appasadda</span>nti nissaddaṃ, uccāsaddamahāsaddābhāvanti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Nappamajjantī</span>ti na agāravaṃ karonti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para410"></a><a name="para410_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">410</span>. <span class="bld">No</span> <a name="V1.0322"></a> <span class="bld">āgate ānando</span>ti bhagavati āgate no amhākaṃ ānando pīti <span class="bld">hoti. Piyasamudācārā</span>ti piyālāpā. ‘‘Paccuggamanaṃ akāsī’’ti vatvā na kevalamayameva, atha kho aññepi pabbajitā yebhuyyena bhagavato apacitiṃ karontevāti dassetuṃ ‘‘bhagavantañhī’’tiādiṃ vatvā, tattha kāraṇamāha <span class="bld">‘‘uccākulīnatāyā’’</span>ti, tena sāsane appasannāpi kulagāravena bhagavati apacitiṃ karonte vāti dasseti. <span class="bld">Etasmiṃ</span> <a name="P1.0475"></a> <span class="bld">antare kā nāma kathā</span>ti etasmiṃ yathāvuttaparicchedabbhantare kathā kā nāma. <span class="bld">Vippakatā</span> āraddhā hutvā apariyositā. ‘‘Kā kathā vippakatā’’ti vadanto atthato tassā pariyosāpanaṃ paṭijānāti nāma. ‘‘Kā kathā’’ti ca avisesacodanāti yassā tassā sabbassāpi kathāya pariyosāpanaṃ paṭiññātañca hoti, tañca paresaṃ asabbaññūnaṃ avisayanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pariyantaṃ netvā demīti sabbaññupavāraṇaṃ pavāresī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Abhisaññānirodhakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para411"></a><a name="para411_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">411</span>. <span class="bld">Sukāraṇa</span>nti sundaraṃ atthāvahaṃ hitāvahaṃ kāraṇaṃ. Nānātitthesu nānāladdhīsu niyuttāti nānātitthikā, te eva <span class="bld">nānātitthiyā</span> ka-kārassa ya-kāraṃ katvā. Kutūhalamettha atthīti kotūhalā, sā eva sālāti <span class="bld">kotūhalasālā,</span> tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kotūhaluppattiṭṭhānato’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Saññānirodhe</span>ti saññāsīsenāyaṃ desanā, tasmā saññāsahagatā sabbepi dhammā saṅgayhanti, tattha pana cittaṃ padhānanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘cittanirodhe’’</span>ti. Accantanirodhassa pana tehi anadhippetattā, avisayattā ca <span class="bld">‘‘khaṇikanirodhe’’</span>ti āha. Kāmaṃ sopi tesaṃ avisayova, atthato pana nirodhakathā vuccamānā tattheva tiṭṭhatīti tathā vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Kittighoso</span>ti ‘‘aho buddhānubhāvo bhavantarapaṭicchannaṃ kāraṇaṃ evaṃ hatthāmalakaṃ viya paccakkhato dasseti, sāvake ca edise <a name="M1.0364"></a> saṃvarasamādāne patiṭṭhāpetī’’ti thutighoso yāva bhavaggā pattharati. <span class="bld">Paṭibhāgakiriya</span>nti paḷāsavasena paṭibhāgabhūtaṃ payogaṃ karonto. <span class="bld">Bhavantarasamaya</span>nti tatra tatra vuṭṭhanasamayaṃ abhūtaparikappitaṃ kiñci uppādiyaṃ vatthuṃ attano samayaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Kiñcideva sikkhāpada</span>nti ‘‘elamūgena bhavitabbaṃ<a name="P1.0476"></a>, ettakaṃ, velaṃ ekasmiṃyeva ṭhāne nisīditabba’’nti evamādikaṃ kiñcideva kāraṇaṃ sikkhākoṭṭhāsaṃ katvā <span class="bld">paññapenti. Nirodhakatha</span>nti nirodhasamāpattikathaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tesū</span>ti kotūhalasālāyaṃ sannipatitesu titthiyasamaṇabrāhmaṇesu. <span class="bld">Ekacce</span>ti eke. <span class="bld">Purimo</span>ti ‘‘ahetū appaccayā’’ti evaṃvādī. Yvāyaṃ idha uppajjatīti yojanā. <span class="bld">Samāpatti</span>nti asaññabhāvāvahaṃ samāpattiṃ. <span class="bld">Nirodhe</span>ti saññānirodhe. <span class="bld">Hetuṃ apassanto</span>ti yena hetunā asaññabhave <a name="V1.0323"></a> saññāya nirodho sabbaso anuppādo, yena ca tato cutassa idha pañcavokārabhave tassā uppādo, taṃ avisayatāya apassanto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na</span>nti paṭhamavādiṃ. <span class="bld">Nisedhetvā</span>ti ‘‘na kho nāmetaṃ bho evaṃ bhavissatī’’ti evaṃ paṭikkhipitvā. <span class="bld">Asaññikabhāva</span>nti muñchāpattiyā kiriyamayasaññāvasena vigatasaññibhāvaṃ. Vakkhati hi ‘‘visaññī hutvā’’ti. Vikkhambhanavasena kilesānaṃ santāpanena <span class="bld">attantapo. Ghoratapo</span>ti dukkaratāya bhīmatapo. <span class="bld">Parimāritindriyo</span>ti nibbisevanabhāvāpādanena sabbaso milāpitacakkhādindriyo. <span class="bld">Bhaggo</span>ti bhañjitakusalajjhāsayo. <span class="bld">Evamāhā</span>ti ‘‘evaṃ saññā hi bho purisassa attā’’tiādiākārena saññānirodhamāha. Iminā nayena ito paresu dvīsu ṭhānesu yathārahaṃ yojanā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āthabbaṇapayoga</span>nti āthabbaṇavedavihitaṃ āthabbaṇikānaṃ visaññibhāvāpādanapayogaṃ. <span class="bld">Āthabbaṇaṃ payojetvā</span>ti <a name="P1.0477"></a> āthabbaṇavede āgataaggijuhanapubbakaṃ mantajappanaṃ payojetvā sīsacchinnatādidassanena saññānirodhamāha. <span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti yassa sīsacchinnatādi dassitaṃ, tassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yakkhadāsīna</span>nti <a name="M1.0365"></a> devadāsīnaṃ, yā ‘‘devatābhatiyotipi’’ vuccanti. <span class="bld">Madanidda</span>nti surāmadanimittakaṃ supanaṃ <span class="bld">devatūpahāra</span>nti naccanagāyanādinā devatānaṃ pūjaṃ. <span class="bld">Surāpāti</span>nti pātipuṇṇaṃ suraṃ. <span class="bld">Divā</span>ti atidivā ussūre.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Elamūgakathā viyā</span>ti imesaṃ paṇḍitamānīnaṃ kathā andhabālakathāsadisī. <span class="bld">Cattāro nirodhe</span>ti aññamaññavidhure cattāro nirodhe <span class="bld">ete paññapenti.</span> Na ca aññamaññaviruddhanānāsabhāvena tena bhavitabbaṃ, atha kho ekasabhāvena, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘iminā cā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Aññenevā</span>ti imehi vuttākārato aññākāreneva <span class="bld">bhavitabbaṃ. ‘‘Ayaṃ nirodho, ayaṃ nirodho’’</span>ti āmeḍitavacanaṃ satthā attano desanāvilāsena anekākāravokāraṃ nirodhaṃ vibhāvessatīti dassanatthaṃ kataṃ <span class="bld">aho nūnā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">aho</span>ti acchariye, <span class="bld">nūnā</span>ti anussaraṇe nipāto. Tasmā aho nūna bhagavā anaññasādhāraṇadesanattā nirodhampi aho acchariyaṃ katvā katheyya maññeti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">‘‘Aho nūna sugato’’</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo. Acchariyavibhāvanato eva cettha dvikkhattuṃ vacanaṃ, acchariyatthopi cettha <span class="bld">aho</span>-saddo. So yasmā anussaraṇamukheneva tena gahito, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘aho nūnāti anussaraṇatthe’’</span>ti. Kālapuggalādivibhāgena bahubhedattā <span class="bld">imesaṃ nirodhadhammāna</span>nti bahuvacanaṃ, kusala-saddayogena sāmivacanaṃ bhummatthe daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Ciṇṇavasitāyā</span>ti nirodhasamāpattiyaṃ <a name="V1.0324"></a> vasībhāvassa ciṇṇattā. <span class="bld">Sabhāvaṃ jānātī</span>ti nirodhassa sabhāvaṃ yāthāvato jānāti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Ahetukasaññuppādanirodhakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para412"></a><a name="para412_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">412</span>. <span class="bld">Gharamajjheyeva</span> <a name="P1.0478"></a> <span class="bld">pakkhalitā</span>ti gharato bahi gantukāmā purisā maggaṃ anotaritvā gharājirena samatale vivaṭaṅgaṇe eva pakkhalanaṃ pattā, evaṃ sampadamidanti attho. Asādhāraṇo <span class="bld">hetu,</span> sādhāraṇo <span class="bld">paccayo</span>ti evamādi vibhāgena idha payojanaṃ natthi saññāya akāraṇabhāvapaṭikkhepattā codanāyāti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kāraṇasseva nāma’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘uppajjantipi nirujjhantipī’’ti vuttaṃ, tattha ‘‘sahetū sappaccayā saññā uppajjanti, uppannā pana nirujjhantiyeva, na tiṭṭhantī’’ti dassanatthaṃ ‘‘nirujjhantī’’ti vacanaṃ, na nirodhassa sahetusappaccayabhāvadassanatthaṃ. Uppādo hi sahetuko<a name="M1.0366"></a>, na nirodho. Yadi hi nirodhopi sahetuko siyā, tassa nirodhenāpi bhavitabbaṃ aṅkurādīnaṃ viya, na ca tassa nirodho atthi. Tasmā vuttanayeneva pāḷiyā attho veditabbo. Ayañca nayo khaṇanirodhavasena vutto. Yo pana yathāparicchinnakālavasena sabbasova anuppādanirodho, so ‘‘sahetuko’’ti veditabbo tathārūpāya paṭipattiyā vinā abhāvato. Tenāha bhagavā ‘‘sikkhā ekā saññā nirujjhatī’’ti. (Dī. ni. 1.412) tato eva ca idhāpi vuttaṃ ‘‘saññāya sahetukaṃ uppādanirodhaṃ dīpetu’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sikkhā ekā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">sikkhā</span>ti karaṇe paccattavacanaṃ, eka-saddo aññapariyāyo ‘‘ittheke abhivadanti sato vā pana sattassā’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 1.85 ādayo; ma. ni. 3.21) viya, na saṅkhyāvācīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sikkhā ekā saññā uppajjantī</span>ti <span class="bld">sikkhāya ekaccā saññā jāyantī’’</span>ti. Sesapadesupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para413"></a><a name="para413_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">413</span>. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti tassaṃ uparidesanāyaṃ. <span class="bld">Sammādiṭṭhisammāsaṅkappavasena pariyāpannattā āgatā</span>ti sabhāvato upakārato ca paññākkhandhe pariyāpannattā saṅgahitattā <span class="bld">tatiyā</span> adhipaññāsikkhā sammādiṭṭhisammāsaṅkappavasena <a name="P1.0479"></a> āgatā. Tathā hi vuttaṃ ‘‘yā cāvuso visākha sammādiṭṭhi, yo ca sammāsaṅkappo, ime dhammā paññākkhandhe saṅgahitā’’ti (ma. ni. 1.462) kāmañcettha vuttanayena <a name="V1.0325"></a> tissopi sikkhā āgatā eva, tathāpi adhicittasikkhāya eva abhisaññānirodho dassito, itarā tassa sambhārabhāvena ānītā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pañcakāmaguṇikarāgo</span>ti pañcakāmakoṭṭhāse ārabbha uppajjanakarāgo. <span class="bld">Asamuppannakāmacāro</span>ti vattamānuppannatāvasena asamuppanno yo koci kāmacāro yā kāci lobhuppatti. Purimo visayavasena niyamitattā kāmaguṇārammaṇova lobho daṭṭhabbo, itaro pana jhānanikantibhavarāgādippabhedo sabbopi lobhacāro kāmanaṭṭhena kāmesu pavattanato. Sabbepi hi tebhūmakā dhammā kāmanīyaṭṭhena kāmāti. Ubhayesampi kāmasaññātināmatā sahacaraṇañāyenāti ‘‘kāmasaññā’’ti paduddhāraṃ katvā tadubhayaṃ niddiṭṭhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Tatthā’’</span>tiādi <a name="M1.0367"></a> asamuppannakāmacārato pañcakāmaguṇikarāgassa visesadassanaṃ. Kāmaṃ pañcakāmaguṇikarāgopi asamuppanno eva maggena samugghāṭīyati, tasmiṃ pana samugghāṭitepi na sabbo rāgo samugghāṭaṃ gacchati, tasmā pañcakāmaguṇikarāgaggahaṇena na itarassa sabbassa rāgassa gahaṇaṃ hotīti ubhayasādhāraṇena pariyāyena ubhayaṃ saṅgahetvā dassetuṃ pāḷiyaṃ kāmasaññāggahaṇaṃ katanti tadubhayaṃ sarūpato visesato ca dassetvā sabbasaṅgāhikabhāvato <span class="bld">‘‘asamuppannakāmacāro</span> <a name="P1.0480"></a> <span class="bld">pana imasmiṃ ṭhāne vaṭṭatī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sadisattā</span>ti kāmasaññādibhāvena samānattā, etena pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘purimā’’ti sadisakappanāvasena vuttanti dasseti. Anāgatā hi idha ‘‘nirujjhatī’’ti vuttā anuppādassa adhippetattā, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘anuppannāva nuppajjatī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nīvaraṇavivekato jātattā vivekajehi paṭhamajjhānapītisukhehi saha akkhātabbā, taṃkoṭṭhāsikā vāti <span class="bld">vivekajaṃ pītisukhasaṅkhātā. </span> Nānattasaññāpaṭighasaññāhi nipuṇatāya sukhumabhūtatāya <span class="bld">sukhumasaññā bhūtā</span> sukhumabhāvena, paramatthabhāvena aviparītasabhāvā. Jhānaṃ taṃsampayuttadhammānaṃ bhāvanāsiddhā saṇhasukhumatā nīvaraṇavikkhambhanavasena viññāyatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kāmacchandādioḷārikaṅgappahānavasena sukhumā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Bhūtatāyā</span>ti vijjamānatāya. <span class="bld">Sabbatthā</span>ti sabbavāresu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Samāpajjanādhiṭṭhānāni viya vuṭṭhānaṃ jhāne pariyāpannampi hoti yathā taṃ dhammānaṃ bhaṅgakkhaṇo dhammesu, na āvajjanapaccavekkhaṇānīti <span class="bld">‘‘paṭhamajjhānaṃ samāpajjanto adhiṭṭhahanto vuṭṭhahanto <a name="V1.0326"></a> ca sikkhatī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ, na ‘‘āvajjanto paccavekkhanto’’ti. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti paṭhamajjhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Tenā</span>ti hetumhi karaṇavacanaṃ, tasmā paṭhamajjhānena hetubhūtenāti attho. Hetubhāvo cettha jhānassa yathāvuttasaññāya uppattiyā sahajātādipaccayabhāvo kāmasaññāya nirodhassa upanissayatāva, tañca kho suttantapariyāyena. Tathā ceva saṃvaṇṇitaṃ ‘‘tathārūpāya paṭipattiyā vinā abhāvato’’ti. <span class="bld">Etenupāyenā</span>ti yvāyaṃ paṭhamajjhānatappaṭipakkhasaññāvasena ‘‘sikkhā ekā saññā uppajjati, sikkhā ekā saññā nirujjhatī’’ti <a name="M1.0368"></a> ettha attho vutto, etena nayena. <span class="bld">Sabbatthā</span>ti sabbavāresu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para414"></a><a name="para414_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">414</span>. Yasmā panettha samāpattivasena taṃtaṃsaññānaṃ <a name="P1.0481"></a> uppādanirodhe vuccamāne aṅgavasena so vuttoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yasmā panā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">‘‘Aṅgato sammasana’’</span>nti anupadadhammavipassanāya lakkhaṇavacanaṃ. Anupadadhammavipassanañhi karonto samāpattiṃ patvā aṅgato sammasanaṃ karoti, na ca saññā samāpattiyā kiñci aṅgaṃ hoti. Vuttañca <span class="bld">‘‘idañca saññā saññāti evaṃ aṅgato sammasanaṃ uddhaṭa’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Aṅgato</span>ti vā avayavatoti attho, anupadadhammatoti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Tadevā</span>ti ākiñcaññāyatanameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yato kho</span>ti paccatte nissakkavacananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yo nāmā’’</span>ti yathā ‘‘ādimhī’’ti etasmiṃ atthe ‘‘ādito’’ti vuccati itaravibhattitopi to-saddassa labbhanato. Sakasmiṃ attanā adhigate saññā sakasaññā, sā etassa atthīti <span class="bld">sakasaññī,</span> tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘attano paṭhamajjhānasaññāya saññavā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sakasaññī</span>ti cettha upari vuccamānanirodhapādakatāya sātisayāya jhānasaññāya atthibhāvajotako <span class="bld">ī</span>-kāro daṭṭhabbo, tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘anupubbena saññaggaṃ phusatī’’</span>tiādi. Tasmā tattha tattha sakasaññitāggahaṇena tasmiṃ tasmiṃ jhāne sabbaso suciṇṇavasībhāvo dīpitoti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Lokiyāna</span>nti niddhāraṇe sāmivacanaṃ, sāmiatthe eva vā. Yadaggena hi taṃ tesu seṭṭhaṃ, tadaggena tesampi seṭṭhanti. ‘‘Lokiyāna’’nti visesanaṃ lokuttarasamāpattīhi tassa aseṭṭhabhāvato. <span class="bld">‘‘Kiccakārakasamāpattīna’’</span>nti visesanaṃ akiccakārakasamāpattito tassa aseṭṭhabhāvato. Akiccakārakatā cassā paṭusaññākiccābhāvavacanato viññāyati. Yatheva hi tattha saññā, evaṃ phassādayo pīti. Yadaggena hi tattha saṅkhārāvasesasukhumabhāvappattiyā pakativipassakānaṃ sammasituṃ asakkuṇeyyarūpena ṭhitā, tadaggena heṭṭhimasamāpattidhammā viya paṭukiccakaraṇasamatthāpi na hontīti. Svāyamattho paramatthamañjusāyaṃ <span class="bld">visuddhimaggasaṃvaṇṇanāyaṃ</span> āruppakathāyaṃ <a name="V1.0327"></a> (visuddhi. ṭī. 1.286) savisesaṃ vutto, tasmā tattha vuttanayena <a name="M1.0369"></a><a name="P1.0482"></a> veditabbo. Keci pana ‘‘yathā heṭṭhimā heṭṭhimā samāpattiyo uparimānaṃ uparimānaṃ adhiṭṭhānakiccaṃ sādhenti, na evaṃ nevasaññānāsaññāyatanasamāpatti kassacipi adhiṭṭhānakiccaṃ sādheti, tasmā sā akiccakārikā, itarā kiccakārikā vuttā’’ti vadanti, tadayuttaṃ tassāpi vipassanācittaparidamanādīnaṃ adhiṭṭhānakiccasādhanato. Tasmā purimoyeva attho yutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pakappetī</span>ti saṃvidahati. Jhānaṃ samāpajjanto hi jhānasukhaṃ attani saṃvidahati nāma. <span class="bld">Abhisaṅkharotī</span>ti āyūhati, sampiṇḍetīti attho. Sampiṇḍanattho hi samudayaṭṭho. Yasmā nikantivasena cetanākiccassa matthakappatti, tasmā phalūpacārena kāraṇaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘nikantiṃ kurumāno abhisaṅkharoti nāmā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Imā</span> idāni me labbhamānā <span class="bld">ākiñcaññāyatanasaññā nirujjheyyuṃ</span> taṃsamatikkameneva uparijhānatthāya cetanābhisaṅkharaṇasambhavato. <span class="bld">Aññā</span>ti ākiñcaññāyatanasaññāhi aññā. Tato thūlatarabhāvato <span class="bld">oḷārikā.</span> Kā pana tāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘bhavaṅgasaññā’’</span>ti. Ākiñcaññāyatanato vuṭṭhāya eva hi uparijhānatthāya cetanābhisaṅkharaṇāni bhaveyyuṃ, vuṭṭhānañca bhavaṅgavasena hoti. Yāva ca upari jhānasamāpajjanaṃ, tāva antarantarā bhavaṅgappavattīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘bhavaṅgasaññā uppajjeyyu’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cetentovā</span>ti nevasaññānāsaññāyatanajjhānaṃ ekaṃ dve cittavāre samāpajjanto eva. <span class="bld">Na cete</span>ti tathā heṭṭhimajjhānesu viya vā pubbābhogābhāvato pubbābhogavasena hi jhānaṃ pakappento idha ‘‘cetetī’’ti vutto. Yasmā ‘‘ahametaṃ jhānaṃ nibbattemi upasampādemi samāpajjāmī’’ti evaṃ abhisaṅkharaṇaṃ tattha sālayasseva <a name="P1.0483"></a> hoti, na anālayassa, tasmā ekaṃ cittakkhaṇikampi jhānaṃ pavattento tattha appahīnanikantikatāya <span class="bld">abhisaṅkharonto evā</span>ti attho. Yasmā panassa tathā heṭṭhimajjhānesu viya vā tattha pubbābhogo natthi, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘na abhisaṅkharotī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Imassa bhikkhuno’’</span>tiādi vuttassevatthassa vivaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Svāyamattho’’</span>tiādinā tamevatthaṃ upamāya paṭipādeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pacchābhāge</span>ti <a name="M1.0370"></a> pitugharassa pacchābhāge. <span class="bld">Tato</span> puttagharato. <span class="bld">Laddhagharamevā</span>ti yato anena bhikkhā laddhā, tameva gharaṃ puttagehameva. <span class="bld">Āsanasālā viya ākiñcaññāyatanasamāpatti</span> tato pitugharaputtagharaṭṭhāniyānaṃ nevasaññānāsaññāyatananirodhasamāpattīnaṃ upagantabbato. <span class="bld">Pitugharaṃ amanasikaritvā</span>ti pavisitvā samatikkantampi pitugharaṃ na manasi katvā. Puttagharasseva ācikkhanaṃ viya ekaṃ dve cittavāre samāpajjitabbampi nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ na manasi katvā <a name="V1.0328"></a> parato nirodhasamāpattiatthāya eva manasikāro. Evaṃ amanasikārasāmaññena, manasikārasāmaññena ca upamupameyyatā veditabbā ācikkhanenapi manasikārasseva jotitattā. Na hi manasikārena vinā ācikkhanaṃ sambhavati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tā jhānasaññā</span>ti tā ekaṃ dve cittavāre pavattā nevasaññānāsaññāyatanasaññā. <span class="bld">Nirujjhantī</span>ti padeseneva nirujjhanti, pubbābhisaṅkhāravasena pana upari anuppādo. Yathā ca jhānasaññānaṃ, evaṃ itarasaññānaṃ pīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘aññā ca oḷārikā bhavaṅgasaññā nuppajjantī’’</span>ti, yathāparicchinnakālanti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">So evaṃ paṭipanno bhikkhū</span>ti so evaṃ yathāvutte saññāgge ṭhito arahatte, anāgāmiphale vā patiṭṭhito bhikkhu <a name="P1.0484"></a> dvīhi phalehi samannāgamo, tiṇṇaṃ saṅkhārānaṃ paṭippassaddhi, soḷasavidhā ñāṇacariyā, navavidhā samādhicariyāti imesaṃ vasena nirodhapaṭipādanapaṭipattiṃ paṭipanno. <span class="bld">Phusatī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">phusanaṃ</span> nāma vindanaṃ paṭiladdhīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vindati paṭilabhatī’’</span>ti. Atthato pana yathāparicchinnakālaṃ cittacetasikānaṃ sabbaso appavatti eva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Abhī</span>ti upasaggamattaṃ niratthakaṃ, tasmā ‘‘saññā’’ icceva attho. Nirodhapadena anantarikaṃ katvā samāpattipade vattabbe tesaṃ dvinnaṃ antare sampajānapadaṃ ṭhapitanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘nirodhapadena anantarikaṃ katvā vutta’’</span>nti, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘anupaṭi…pe… attho’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tatrāpī</span>ti tasmimpi tathā padānupubbiṭhapanepi ayaṃ visesatthoti yojanā. <span class="bld">Sampajānantassā</span>ti taṃ taṃ samāpattiṃ samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhāya tattha tattha saṅkhārānaṃ sammasanavasena pajānantassa. <span class="bld">Ante</span>ti yathāvuttāya nirodhapaṭipattiyā pariyosāne. Dutiyavikappe <span class="bld">sampajānantassā</span>ti sampajānakārinoti attho, tena nirodhasamāpajjanakassa <a name="M1.0371"></a> bhikkhuno ādito paṭṭhāya sabbapāṭihārikapaññāya saddhiṃ atthasādhikā paññā kiccato dassitā hoti, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘paṇḍitassa bhikkhuno’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbākārenā</span>ti ‘‘samāpattiyā sarūpaviseso, samāpajjanako, samāpajjanassa ṭhānaṃ, kāraṇaṃ, samāpajjanākāro’’ti evamādi sabbappakārena. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti visuddhimagge. (Visuddhī. 2.867) <span class="bld">kathitatovā</span>ti kathitaṭṭhānato eva <span class="bld">gahetabbā,</span> na idha taṃ vadāma punaruttibhāvatoti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evaṃ kho aha</span>nti ettha ākārattho <span class="bld">evaṃ</span>-saddo uggahitākāradassananti katvā. <span class="bld">Evaṃ poṭṭhapādā</span>ti ettha pana sampaṭicchanattho, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘suuggahitaṃ tayāti anujānanto’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para415"></a><a name="para415_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">415</span>. Saññā <a name="V1.0329"></a><a name="P1.0485"></a> aggā etthāti <span class="bld">saññāggaṃ,</span> ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhasu</span> samāpattīsupi <span class="bld">saññāggaṃ atthi upalabbhatīti cintetvā</span>. ‘‘Puthū’’ti pāḷiyaṃ liṅgavipallāsaṃ dassento āha ‘‘bahūnipī’’ti. <span class="bld">‘‘Yathā’’</span>ti iminā pakāraviseso karaṇappakāro gahito, na pakārasāmaññanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yena yena kasiṇenā’’</span>ti, <span class="bld">pathavīkasiṇena karaṇabhūtenā’’</span>ti ca. Jhānaṃ tāva yutto karaṇabhāvo saññānirodhaphusanassa sādhakatamabhāvato, kathaṃ kasiṇānanti? Tesampi so yutto eva. Yadaggena hi jhānānaṃ nirodhaphusanassa sādhakataṃ abhāvo, tadaggena kasiṇānampi tadavinābhāvato. Anekakaraṇāpi kiriyā hotiyeva yathā ‘‘assena yānena dīpikāya gacchatī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekavāra</span>nti sakiṃ. <span class="bld">Purimasaññānirodha</span>nti kāmasaññādipurimasaññāya nirodhaṃ, na nirodhasamāpattisaññitaṃ saññānirodhaṃ. <span class="bld">Ekaṃ saññāgga</span>nti ekaṃ saññābhūtaṃ aggaṃ seṭṭhanti attho heṭṭhimasaññāya ukkaṭṭhabhāvato. Saññā ca sā aggañcāti saññāggaṃ, na saññāsu agganti. <span class="bld">Dve vāre</span>ti dvikkhattuṃ. <span class="bld">Sesakasiṇesū</span>ti kasiṇānaṃyeva gahaṇaṃ nirodhakathāya adhikatattā. Tato eva cettha jhānaggahaṇena kasiṇajjhānāni eva gahitānīti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Paṭhamajjhānena karaṇabhūtenā’’</span>ti ārammaṇaṃ anāmasitvā vadati yathā ‘‘yena yena kasiṇenā’’ti ettha jhānaṃ anāmasitvā <a name="M1.0372"></a> vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Itī’’</span>tiādinā vuttamevatthaṃ saṅgahetvā nigamanavasena vadati. <span class="bld">Sabbampī</span>ti sabbaṃ ekavāraṃ samāpannajhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṅgahetvā</span>ti sañjānanalakkhaṇena taṃsabhāvāvisesato ekajjhaṃ saṅgahetvā. <span class="bld">Aparāpara</span>nti punappunaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para416"></a><a name="para416_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">416</span>. Jhānapadaṭṭhānaṃ vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhentassa puggalassa vasena saññāñāṇāni dassitāni paṭhamanaye<a name="P1.0486"></a>. Dutiyanaye pana yasmā vipassanaṃ ussukkāpetvā maggena ghaṭentassa maggañāṇaṃ uppajjati, tasmā vipassanāmaggavasena saññāñāṇāni dassitāni. Yasmā pana paṭhamanayo lokiyattā oḷāriko, dutiyanayo missako tasmā tadubhayaṃ asambhāvetvā accantasukhumaṃ subhaṃ thiraṃ nibbattitalokuttarameva dassetuṃ maggaphalavasena saññāñāṇāni dassitāni tatiyanaye. Tayopete nayā maggasodhanavasena dassitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Ayaṃ panettha sāro’’ti vibhāvetuṃ tipiṭakamahāsivattheravādo ābhato. Nirodhaṃ pucchitvā tasmiṃ kathite tadanantaraṃ saññāñāṇuppattiṃ pucchanto atthato nirodhato vuṭṭhānaṃ pucchati nāma, nirodhato ca vuṭṭhānaṃ arahattaphaluppattiyā vā siyā anāgāmiphaluppattiyā vā, tattha saññā padhānā, tadanantarañca paccavekkhaṇañāṇanti tadubhayaṃ niddhārento thero <span class="bld">‘‘kiṃ ime bhikkhū bhaṇantī’’</span>tiādimāha<a name="V1.0330"></a>. Tattha <span class="bld">‘‘kiṃ ime bhikkhū bhaṇantī’’</span>ti tadā dīghanikāyatantiṃ parivattante imaṃ ṭhānaṃ patvā yathāvuttena paṭipāṭiyā tayo naye kathente bhikkhū sandhāya vadati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yassa yathā maggavīthiyaṃ maggaphalañāṇesu uppannesu niyamato maggaphalapaccavekkhaṇañāṇāni honti, evaṃ phalasamāpattiyaṃ phalapaccavekkhaṇañāṇanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pacchā paccavekkhaṇañāṇa’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">‘‘Idaṃ arahattaphala’’</span>nti idaṃ paccavekkhaṇañāṇassa pavattiākāradassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Phalasamādhisaññāpaccayā</span>ti phalasamādhisahagatasaññāpaccayā. <span class="bld">Kira</span>-saddo anussaraṇattho. Yathādhigatadhammānussaraṇapakkhiyā hi paccavekkhaṇā. Samādhisīsena cettha sabbaṃ arahattaphalaṃ gahitaṃ sahacaraṇañāyena, tasmiṃ asati paccavekkhaṇāya asambhavo evāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘idappaccayā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Saññāattakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para417"></a><a name="para417_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">417</span>. Desanāya <a name="M1.0373"></a> saṇhabhāvena sārambhamakkhissādimalavisodhanato <a name="P1.0487"></a> sutamayañāṇaṃ nhāpitaṃ viya, sukhumabhāvena tanulepanavilittaṃ viya, tilakkhaṇabbhāhatatāya kuṇḍalādialaṅkāravibhūsitaṃ viya ca hoti, tadanupasevato ñāṇassa ca tathābhāvo taṃsamaṅgino puggalassa tathābhāvāpatti, nirodhakathāya nivesanañcassa sirisayanappavesanasadisanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘saṇhasukhuma…pe… āropitopī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti tassaṃ nirodhakathāyaṃ. <span class="bld">Sukhaṃ avindanto</span> mandabuddhitāya alabhanto. Malavidūsitatāya <span class="bld">gūthaṭṭhānasadisaṃ. Attano laddhiṃ</span> attadiṭṭhiṃ. <span class="bld">Anumatiṃ gahetvā</span>ti anuññaṃ gahetvā ‘‘ediso me attā’’ti anujānāpetvā, attano laddhiyaṃ patiṭṭhapetvāti attho. <span class="bld">Kaṃ panā</span>ti oḷāriko, manomayo, arūpīti tiṇṇaṃ attavādānaṃ vasena tividhesu katamanti attho. <span class="bld">Pariharanto</span>ti viddhaṃsanato pariharanto, nigūhantoti adhippāyo. Yasmā catusantatirūpappabandhaṃ ekattavasena gahetvā rūpībhāvato ‘‘oḷāriko attā’’ti pacceti attavādī, annapānopadhānatañcassa parikappetvā ‘‘sassato’’ti maññati, rūpībhāvato eva ca saññāya aññattaṃ ñāyāgatameva, yaṃ vedavādino ‘‘annamayo, pānamayo’’ti ca dvidhā voharanti, tasmā paribbājako taṃ sandhāyā <span class="bld">‘‘oḷārikaṃ kho’’</span>ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha yadi attā rūpī, na saññī, saññāya arūpabhāvattā, rūpadhammānañca asañjānanasabhāvattā, rūpī ca samāno yadi tava matena nicco, saññā aparāparaṃ pavattanato tattha tattha bhijjatīti bhedasabbhāvato aniccā, evampi ‘‘aññā saññā, añño attā’’ti <a name="V1.0331"></a> saññāya abhāvato acetanoti na kammassa kārako, phalassa ca na upabhuñjakoti āpannameva, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘oḷāriko ca hi te’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Paccāgacchato</span>ti paccāgacchantassa<a name="P1.0488"></a>, jānatoti attho. ‘‘Aññā ca saññā uppajjanti, aññā ca saññā nirujjhantī’’ti kasmā vuttaṃ, nanu uppādapubbako nirodho, na ca uppannaṃ anirujjhakaṃ nāma atthīti codanaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘catunnañca khandhāna’’</span>ntiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para418-420"></a><a name="para418-420_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">418-420</span>. <span class="bld">Manomaya</span>nti <a name="M1.0374"></a> jhānamanaso vasena manomayaṃ. Yo hi bāhirapaccayanirapekkho, so manasāva nibbattoti manomayo. Rūpaloke nibbattasarīraṃ sandhāya vadati, yaṃ vedavādino ānandamayo, viññāṇamayoti ca dvidhā voharanti. <span class="bld">Tatrāpī</span>ti ‘‘manomayo attā’’ti imasmimpi pakkhe. <span class="bld">Dose dinne</span>ti ‘‘aññāva saññā bhavissatī’’tiādinā dose dinne. Idhāpi purimavāde vuttanayeneva dosadassanaṃ veditabbaṃ. Ayaṃ pana viseso – yadi attā manomayo, sabbaṅgapaccaṅgī, ahīnindriyo ca bhaveyya, evaṃ sati ‘‘rūpaṃ attā siyā, na ca saññī’’ti pubbe viya vattabbaṃ. Tenāha – ‘‘manomayo ca hi te’’tiādi. Kasmā panāyaṃ paribbājako paṭhamaṃ oḷārikaṃ attānaṃ paṭijānitvā taṃ laddhiṃ vissajjetvā puna manomayaṃ attānaṃ paṭijānāti, tañca vissajjetvā arūpiṃ attānaṃ paṭijānātīti? Kāmañcettha kāraṇaṃ heṭṭhā vuttameva, tathāpi ime titthiyā nāma anavaṭṭhitacittā thusarāsimhi nikhātakhāṇuko viya cañcalāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yathā nāma ummattako’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">saññāyā</span>ti pakatisaññāya. <span class="bld">Uppādanirodhaṃ icchati</span> aparāparaṃ pavattāya saññāya udayavayadassanato. Tathāpi ‘‘saññā saññā’’ti pavattasamaññaṃ ‘‘attā’’ti gahetvā tassa ca avicchedaṃ parikappento sassataṃ maññati, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘attānaṃ pana sassataṃ maññatī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tathevā</span>ti yathā ‘‘rūpī attā’’ti, ‘‘manomayo attā’’ti ca vādadvaye saññāya attato aññatā, tathā cassa acetanatādidosappasaṅgo dunnivāro<a name="P1.0489"></a>, tatheva imasmiṃ vāde doso. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tathevassa dosaṃ dassento’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Micchādassanenā</span>ti attadiṭṭhisaṅkhātena micchābhinivesena. <span class="bld">Abhibhūtattā</span>ti anādikālabhāvitabhāvena ajjhotthaṭattā nivāritañāṇacārattā. <span class="bld">Taṃ nānattaṃ ajānanto</span>ti yena santatighanena, samūhaghanena ca vañcito bālo pabandhavasena pavattamānaṃ dhammasamūhaṃ micchāgāhavasena ‘‘attā’’ti, ‘‘nicco’’ti ca abhinivissa voharati, taṃ ekattasaññitaṃ ghanaggahaṇaṃ vinibhujja yāthāvato jānanaṃ ghanavinibbhogo, sabbena sabbaṃ titthiyānaṃ so natthīti ayampi paribbājako tādisassa ñāṇassa paripākassa abhāvato vuccamānampi <a name="V1.0332"></a> nāññāsi. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘bhagavatā vuccamānampi taṃ nānattaṃ ajānanto’’</span>ti. Saññā nāmāyaṃ nānārammaṇā nānākkhaṇe uppajjati, veti cāti <span class="bld">saññāya</span> <a name="M1.0375"></a> <span class="bld">uppādanirodhaṃ passantopi saññāmayaṃ</span> saññābhūtaṃ <span class="bld">attānaṃ</span> parikappetvā yathāvuttaghanavinibbhogābhāvato <span class="bld">niccameva</span> katvā <span class="bld">maññati</span> diṭṭhimaññanāya. Tathābhūtassa ca tassa saṇhasukhumaparamagambhīradhammatā na ñāyatevāti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘dujjānaṃ kho’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Diṭṭhiādīsu ‘‘evameta’’nti dassanaṃ abhinivisanaṃ <span class="bld">diṭṭhi. </span> Tassā eva pubbabhāgabhūtaṃ ‘‘evameta’’nti nijjhānavasena khamanaṃ <span class="bld">khanti</span>. Tathā rocanaṃ <span class="bld">ruci. ‘‘Aññathā’’</span>tiādi tesaṃ diṭṭhiādīnaṃ vibhajitvā dassanaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">aññathā</span>ti yathā ariyavinaye antadvayaṃ anupaggamma majjhimā paṭipadāvasena dassanaṃ hoti, tato aññathāyeva. <span class="bld">Aññadevā</span>ti yaṃ paramatthato vijjati khandhāyatanādi, tassa ca aniccatādi, tato aññadeva paramatthato avijjamānaṃ attānaṃ sassatādi <span class="bld">te khamati ceva ruccati ca.</span> Āyuñjanaṃ anuyuñjanaṃ <span class="bld">āyogo,</span> tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yuttapayuttatā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Paṭipattiyā</span>ti paramattacintanādiparibbājakapaṭipattiyā<a name="P1.0490"></a>. <span class="bld">Dujjānametaṃ</span> dhammataṃ tvaṃ ‘‘ayaṃ paramattho, ayaṃ sammutī’’ti imassa vibhāgassa dubbibhāgattā. ‘‘Yadi etaṃ dujjānaṃ, taṃ tāva tiṭṭhatu, imaṃ panatthaṃ bhagavantaṃ pucchissāmī’’ti cintetvā yathā paṭipajji, taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘atha paribbājako’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Añño vā saññato</span>ti saññāsabhāvato añño sabhāvo vā attā hotūti attho. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti attano.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Lokīyati dissati ettha puññapāpaṃ, tabbipāko cāti <span class="bld">loko,</span> attā. So hissa kārako, vedako cāti icchito. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhigata</span>nti ‘‘sassato attā ca loko cā’’tiādi (dī. ni. 1.31; udā. 55) nayappavattaṃ diṭṭhigataṃ. Na hesa diṭṭhābhiniveso diṭṭhadhammikādiatthanissito tadasaṃvattanato. Yo hi tadāvaho, so taṃnissitoti vattabbataṃ labheyya yathā taṃ puññañāṇasambhāro. Eteneva tassa na dhammanissitatāpi saṃvaṇṇitā daṭṭhabbā. Ādibrahmacariyassāti ādibrahmacariyaṃ, tadeva <span class="bld">ādibrahmacariyakaṃ</span> yathā ‘‘vinayo eva venayiko’’ti, (pārā. aṭṭha. 21) tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sikkhattayasaṅkhātassā’’</span>tiādi. Diṭṭhābhinivesassa saṃsāravaṭṭe nibbidāvirāganirodhupasamāsaṃvattanaṃ vaṭṭantogadhattā, tassa vaṭṭasambandhanato ca. Tathā abhiññāsambodhanibbānāsaṃvattanañca <a name="M1.0376"></a> daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Abhijānanāyā</span>ti ñātapariññāvasena abhijānanatthāya. <span class="bld">Sambujjhanatthāyā</span>ti tīraṇapahānapariññāvasena sambodhanatthāyāti vadanti. <span class="bld">Abhijānanāyā</span>ti abhiññāpaññāvasena jānanāya, taṃ pana vaṭṭassa paccakkhakaraṇameva <a name="V1.0333"></a><a name="P1.0491"></a> hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘paccakkhakiriyāyā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sambujjhanatthāyā</span>ti pariññābhisamayavasena paṭivedhāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāmaṃ taṇhāpi dukkhasabhāvā, tassā pana samudayabhāvena visuṃ gahitattā <span class="bld">‘‘taṇhaṃ ṭhapetvā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Pabhāvanato</span> uppādanato. Dukkhaṃ pabhāventīpi taṇhā avijjādipaccayantarasahitā eva pabhāveti, na kevalāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sappaccayā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ubhinnaṃ appavattī</span>ti ubhinnaṃ appavattinimittaṃ, nappavattanti ettha dukkhasamudayā etasmiṃ vā adhigateti appavatti. Dukkhanirodhaṃ nibbānaṃ gacchati adhigacchati, tadatthaṃ paṭipadā cāti <span class="bld">dukkhanirodhagāminīpaṭipadā. Maggapātubhāvo</span>ti aggamaggasamuppādo. <span class="bld">Phalasacchikiriyā</span>ti asekkhaphalādhigamo. <span class="bld">Ākāra</span>nti taṃ gamanaliṅgaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para421"></a><a name="para421_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">421</span>. Samantato niggaṇhanavasena todanaṃ vijjhanaṃ <span class="bld">sannitodakaṃ, vācāyā</span>ti ca paccatte karaṇavacananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vacanapatodenā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sajjhabbharita</span>nti samantato bhusaṃ aritaṃ <span class="bld">akaṃsū</span>ti satamattehi tuttakehi viya tiṃsasatamattā paribbājakā vācāpatodanehi tudiṃsu <span class="bld">sabhāvato vijjamāna</span>nti paramatthasabhāvato upalabbhamānaṃ, napakatiādi viya anupalabbhamānaṃ. <span class="bld">Taccha</span>nti saccaṃ. <span class="bld">Tatha</span>nti aviparītaṃ <span class="bld">lokuttaradhammesū</span>ti visaye bhummaṃ te dhamme visayaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Ṭhitasabhāva</span>nti avaṭṭhitasabhāvaṃ, taduppādakanti attho. <span class="bld">Lokuttaradhammaniyāmata</span>nti lokuttaradhammasampāpananiyāmena niyataṃ, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘buddhānañhī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Edisā</span>ti ‘‘dhammaṭṭhitata’’ntiādinā vuttappakārā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Cittahatthisāriputtapoṭṭhapādavatthuvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para422"></a><a name="para422_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">422</span>. <span class="bld">Sukhumesu atthantaresū</span>ti khandhāyatanādīsu sukhumañāṇagocaresu <a name="P1.0492"></a> dhammesu. <span class="bld">Kusalo</span>ti pubbe buddhasāsane kataparicayatāya cheko <span class="bld">ahosi. Gihibhāve ānisaṃsakathāya</span> <span class="bld">kathitattā</span> sīlavantassa <a name="M1.0377"></a> bhikkhuno tathā kathanena vibbhamane niyojitattā idāni sayampi sīlavā eva hutvā cha vāre (dha. pa. aṭṭha. 37; jā. aṭṭha. 1.1.69) vibbhami. Kammasarikkhakena hi phalena bhavitabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Mahāsāvakassa kathite</span>ti mahāsāvakassa mahākoṭṭhikattherassa apasādanakathitanimittaṃ. <span class="bld">Patiṭṭhātuṃ asakkonto</span>ti sāsane patiṭṭhaṃ laddhuṃ asakkonto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para423"></a><a name="para423_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">423</span>. <span class="bld">Paññācakkhuno natthitāyā</span>ti suvuttaduruttasamavisamadassanasamatthapaññācakkhuno abhāvena<a name="V1.0334"></a>. <span class="bld">Cakkhumā</span>ti ettha yādisena cakkhunā puriso ‘‘cakkhumā’’ti vutto, taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘subhāsitā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ekakoṭṭhāsā</span>ti ekantikā, nibbānāvahabhāvena nicchitāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Ṭhapitā</span>ti vavatthāpitā. <span class="bld">Na ekakoṭṭhāsā</span> na ekantikā, na nibbānāvahabhāvena nicchitā vaṭṭantogadhabhāvatoti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="subhead">Ekaṃsikadhammavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para425"></a><a name="para425_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">425</span>. ‘‘Kasmā ārabhī’’ti kāraṇaṃ pucchitvā <span class="bld">‘‘aniyyānikabhāvadassanattha’’</span>nti payojanaṃ vissajjitaṃ. Sati hi phalasiddhiyaṃ hetusiddhoyeva hotīti. <span class="bld">Paññāpitaniṭṭhāyā</span>ti paveditavimuttimaggassa, vaṭṭadukkhapariyosānaṃ gacchati etāyāti ‘‘niṭṭhā’’ti vimutti vuttā. Niṭṭhāmaggo hi idha uttarapadalopena ‘‘niṭṭhā’’ti vutto. Tassa hi aniyyānikatā, niyyānikatā ca vuccati, na niṭṭhāya. Niyyānaṃ vā niggamanaṃ nissaraṇaṃ, vaṭṭadukkhassa vupasamoti attho. Niyyānameva niyyānikaṃ, na niyyānikaṃ aniyyānikaṃ, so eva bhāvo aniyyānikabhāvo, tassa dassanatthanti yojetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Eva’’</span>nti ‘‘nibbānaṃ nibbāna’’nti vacanamattasāmaññaṃ gahetvā vadati, na pana paramatthato tesaṃ samaye nibbānapaññāpanassa labbhanato, tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sā ca na niyyānikā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Lokathūpikādivasenā</span>ti <a name="P1.0493"></a> ettha <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena ‘‘añño puriso, aññā pakatī’’ti pakatipurisantarāvabodho mokkho, buddhiādiguṇavinimuttassa attano sakattani avaṭṭhānaṃ mokkho, kāyapavattigatijātibandhānaṃ appamajjanavasena appavatto mokkho, yaññehi jutena parena purisena salokatā mokkho, samīpatā mokkho, sahayogo mokkhoti evamādīnaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Yathāpaññattā</span>ti paññattappakārā <span class="bld">hutvā na niyyāti,</span> yenākārena <a name="M1.0378"></a> ‘‘niṭṭhā pāpuṇīyatī’’ti tehi paveditā, tenākārena tassā appattabbato na niyyāti. <span class="bld">Paṇḍitehi paṭikkhittā</span>ti ‘‘nāyaṃ niṭṭhā paṭipadā vaṭṭassa anatikkamanato’’ti buddhādīhi paṇḍitehi paṭikkhittā. <span class="bld">Nivattatī</span>ti paṭikkhepassa kāraṇavacanaṃ, tasmā tehi paññattā niṭṭhā paṭipadā na niyyāti, aññadatthu taṃsamaṅginaṃ puggalaṃ saṃsāre eva paribbhamāpentī nivattati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Padhānaṃ jānanaṃ nāma paccakkhato jānanaṃ tassa pamāṇajeṭṭhabhāvato, itarassa saṃsayānubaddhattāti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘jānaṃ passa’’</span>nti. Tenettha dassanena jānanaṃ viseseti. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – tumhākaṃ ekantasukhe loke paccakkhato ñāṇadassanaṃ atthīti. <span class="bld">Jāna</span>nti vā tassa lokassa <a name="V1.0335"></a> anumānavisayataṃ pucchati, <span class="bld">passa</span>nti paccakkhato gocarataṃ. Ayañhettha attho – api tumhākaṃ loko paccakkhato ñāto, udāhu anumānatoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā loke paccakkhabhūto attho indriyagocarabhāvena pākaṭo, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘diṭṭhapubbānī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhapubbānī</span>ti diṭṭhavā, dassanabhūtena, tadanugatena ca ñāṇena gahitapubbānīti attho. Evañca katvā <span class="bld">‘‘sarīrasaṇṭhānādīnī’’</span>ti vacanaṃ samatthitaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">‘‘Appāṭihīraka ta’’</span>nti <a name="P1.0494"></a> anunāsikalopaṃ katvā niddesoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘appāṭihīrakaṃ ta’’</span>nti ‘‘appāṭihīraṃ kata’’nti evamettha vaṇṇenti. Paṭipakkhaharaṇato paṭihāriyaṃ, tadeva pāṭihāriyaṃ, uttaravirahitaṃ vacanaṃ. Pāṭihāriyamevettha ‘‘pāṭihīraka’’nti vā vuttaṃ. Na pāṭihīrakaṃ appāṭihīrakaṃ parehi vuccamānauttarehi sauttarattā, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘paṭiharaṇavirahita’’</span>nti. Sauttarañhi vacanaṃ tena uttarena paṭihārīyati ativiparivattīyati. Tato eva niyyānassa paṭiharaṇamaggassa abhāvato <span class="bld">‘‘aniyyānika’’</span>nti vattabbataṃ labhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para426"></a><a name="para426_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">426</span>. <span class="bld">Vilāso</span> līḷā. <span class="bld">Ākappo</span> kesabandhavatthaggahaṇaṃ ādiākāraviseso, vesasaṃvidhānaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena bhāvādīnaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">‘‘Bhāvo’’</span>ti ca cāturiyaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Tayoattapaṭilābhavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para428"></a><a name="para428_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">428</span>. Āhito ahaṃ māno etthāti <span class="bld">attā,</span> attabhāvoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘attapaṭilābhoti attabhāvapaṭilābho’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Kāmabhavaṃ dasseti</span> tassa itaradvayattabhāvato oḷārikattā. <span class="bld">Rūpabhavaṃ dasseti</span> <a name="M1.0379"></a> jhānamanena nibbattaṃ hutvā rūpībhāvena upalabbhanato. <span class="bld">Saṃkilesikā dhammā nāma dvādasa akusalacittuppādā</span> tadabhāve kassaci saṃkilesassāpi asambhavato. <span class="bld">Vodāniyā dhammā nāma samathavipassanā</span> tāsaṃ vasena sabbaso cittavodānassa sijjhanato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para429"></a><a name="para429_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">429</span>. Paṭipakkhadhammānaṃ asamucchede pana na kadācipi anavajjadhammānaṃ pāripūrī, vepullaṃ vā sambhavati, samucchede pana sati eva sambhavatīti <span class="bld">maggapaññāphalapaññā</span>-ggahaṇaṃ. Tā hi sakiṃ paripuṇṇā paripuṇṇā eva aparihānadhammattā. <span class="bld">Taruṇapītī</span>ti uppannamattā aladdhāsevanā dubbalā pīti. <span class="bld">Balavatuṭṭhī</span>ti punappunaṃ uppattiyā laddhāsevanā <a name="P1.0495"></a> uparivisesādhigamassa paccayabhūtā thiratarā pīti. <span class="bld">‘‘Yaṃ avocumhā’’</span>tiādīsu ayaṃ saṅkhepattho <a name="V1.0336"></a> – yaṃ vohāraṃ ‘‘saṃkilesikavodāniyadhammānaṃ pahānābhivuddhiniṭṭhaṃ paññāya pāripūrivepullabhūtaṃ imasmiṃyeva attabhāve aparappaccayena ñāṇena paccakkhato sampādetvā viharissatī’’ti kathayimha. <span class="bld">Tattha</span> tasmiṃ vihāre <span class="bld">tassa</span> mama ovādakarassa bhikkhuno <span class="bld">evaṃ</span> vuttappakārena viharaṇanimittaṃ pamodappabhāvitā <span class="bld">pīti ca bhavissati,</span> tassā ca paccayabhūtaṃ passaddhidvayaṃ sammadeva upaṭṭhitā <span class="bld">sati ca</span> ukkaṃsagataṃ ñāṇañca tathābhūto ca so vihāro. Santapaṇītatāya atappako anaññasādhāraṇo sukhavihāroti vattabbataṃ arahatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paṭhamajjhāne paṭiladdhamatte hīnabhāvato pīti dubbalā pāmojjapakkhikā, suvibhāvite pana tasmiṃ paguṇe sā paṇītā balavabhāvato paripuṇṇakiccā pītīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘paṭhamajjhāne pāmojjādayo chapi dhammā labbhantī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">‘‘Sukho vihāro’’</span>ti iminā samādhi gahito. Sukhaṃ gahitanti apare, tesaṃ matena santasukhatāya upekkhā catutthajjhāne ‘‘sukha’’nti icchitā, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tathā catutthe’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Pāmojjaṃ nivattatī</span>ti dubbalapītisaṅkhātaṃ pāmojjaṃ chasu dhammesu nivattati hāyati. Vitakkavicārakkhobhavirahena dutiyajjhāne sabbadā pīti balavatī eva hoti, na paṭhamajjhāne viya kadāci dubbalā. <span class="bld">Suddhavipassanā pādakajjhānamevā</span>ti upari maggaṃ akathetvā kevalaṃ vipassanāpādakajjhānaṃ <span class="bld">kathitaṃ. Catūhi maggehi saddhiṃ vipassanā kathitā</span>ti vipassanāya <a name="M1.0380"></a> pādakabhāvena jhānāni kathetvā tato paraṃ vipassanāpubbakā cattāropi maggā kathitāti attho. <span class="bld">Catutthajjhānikaphalasamāpatti kathitā</span>ti paṭhamajjhānikādikā phalasamāpattiyo akathetvā catutthajjhānikā eva phalasamāpatti <a name="P1.0496"></a> kathitā. <span class="bld">Pītivevacanameva katvā</span>ti dvinnaṃ pītīnaṃ ekasmiṃ cittuppāde anuppajjanato pāmojjaṃ pītivevacanameva katvā. Pītisukhānaṃ apariccattattā, <span class="bld">‘‘sukho ca vihāro’’</span>ti sātisayassa sukhavihārassa gahitattā ca <span class="bld">dutiyajjhānikaphalasamāpatti nāma kathitā.</span> Kāmaṃ paṭhamajjhānepi pītisukhāni labbhanti, tāni pana vitakkavicārakkhobhena na santapaṇītāni, santapaṇītāni ca idhādhippetāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para432-437"></a><a name="para432-437_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">432-437</span>. <span class="bld">Vibhāvanattho</span>ti pakāsanattho sarūpato nirūpanattho, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ayaṃ so’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Na</span>nti oḷārikaṃ attapaṭilābhaṃ. <span class="bld">Sappaṭiharaṇa</span>nti parena coditavacanena saparihāraṃ sauttaraṃ. <span class="bld">Tuccho</span>ti musā abhūto. <span class="bld">Svevā</span>ti so eva attapaṭilābho. <span class="bld">Tasmiṃ samaye hotī</span>ti tasmiṃ paccuppannasamaye vijjamāno hoti. <span class="bld">Attapaṭilābhotveva niyyātesi,</span> na naṃ sarūpato nīharitvā dassesi. <span class="bld">Rūpādayo cettha dhammā</span>ti rūpavedanādayo eva ettha loke sabhāvadhammā. <span class="bld">Attapaṭilābho</span>ti pana te rūpādike pañcakkhandhe upādāya paññatti, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘nāmamattameta’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Nāmapaṇṇattivasenā</span>ti nāmabhūtapaññattimattatāvasena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para438"></a><a name="para438_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">438</span>. <span class="bld">Evañca</span> <a name="V1.0337"></a> <span class="bld">pana vatvā</span>ti ‘‘attapaṭilābhoti rūpādike upādāya paññattimatta’’nti imamatthaṃ ‘‘yasmiṃ citta samaye’’tiādinā vatvā. <span class="bld">Paṭipucchitvā vinayanattha</span>nti yathā pare puccheyyuṃ, tenākārena <a name="P1.0497"></a> kālavibhāgato paṭipadāni pucchitvā tassa atthassa ñāpanavasena vinayanatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Tasmiṃ samaye sacco ahosī</span>ti tasmiṃ atītasamaye upādānassa vijjamānatāya saccabhūto vijjamāno viya vattabbo ahosi, na pana <span class="bld">anāgato</span> idāni <span class="bld">paccuppanno</span> vā <span class="bld">attapaṭilābho</span> tadupādānassa tadā avijjamānattā. <span class="bld">Ye te atītā dhammā</span> atītasamaye atītattapaṭilābhassa upādānabhūtā rūpādayo. <span class="bld">Te etarahi natthi</span> niruddhattā. Tato eva <span class="bld">ahesunti saṅkhyaṃ gatā. Tasmā</span>ti tasmiṃyeva samaye labbhanato. <span class="bld">Sopi</span> tadupādāno <a name="M1.0381"></a> <span class="bld">me attapaṭilābho tasmiṃyeva</span> atīta<span class="bld">samaye sacco</span> bhūto vijjamāno viya <span class="bld">ahosi. Anāgatapaccuppannāna</span>nti anāgatānañceva paccuppannānañca rūpadhammānaṃ upādānabhūtānaṃ <span class="bld">tadā</span> tasmiṃ atītasamaye <span class="bld">abhāvā</span> tadupādāno <span class="bld">anāgato paccuppanno</span> ca attapaṭilābho <span class="bld">tasmiṃ</span> atīta<span class="bld">samaye mogho</span> tuccho musā natthīti attho. <span class="bld">Nāmamattamevā</span>ti samaññāmattameva. <span class="bld">Attapaṭilābhaṃ paṭijānāti</span> paramatthato anupalabbhamānattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Eseva nayo’’</span>ti iminā ye te anāgatā dhammā, te etarahi natthi, ‘‘bhavissantī’’ti pana saṅkhyaṃ gamissanti, tasmā sopi me attapaṭilābho tasmiṃyeva samaye sacco bhavissati. Atītapaccuppannānaṃ pana dhammānaṃ tadā abhāvā tasmiṃ samaye mogho atīto mogho paccuppanno. Ye ime paccuppannā dhammā, te etarahi atthi, tasmā yoyaṃ me attapaṭilābho, so idāni sacco. Atītānāgatānaṃ pana dhammānaṃ idāni abhāvā tasmiṃ samaye mogho atīto mogho anāgatoti evaṃ atthato nāmamattameva attapaṭilābhaṃ paṭijānātīti imamatthaṃ atidisati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para439-443"></a><a name="para439-443_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">439-443</span>. <span class="bld">Saṃsanditu</span>nti samānetuṃ. <span class="bld">Yasmiṃ samaye khīraṃ hotī</span>ti yasmiṃ kāle bhūtupādāyasaññitaṃ <a name="P1.0498"></a> upādānavisesaṃ upādāya khīrapaññatti hoti. <span class="bld">Na tasmiṃ…pe… gacchati</span> khīrapaññattiupādānassa dadhiādipaññattiyā anupādānato. Paṭiniyatavatthukā hi ekā lokasamaññā, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ye dhamme upādāyā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha saṅkhāyati etāyāti <span class="bld">saṅkhā,</span> paññatti. Niddhāretvā vacanti vadanti etāyāti <span class="bld">nirutti.</span> Namanti etenāti <span class="bld">nāmaṃ.</span> Voharanti etenāti <span class="bld">vohāro,</span> paññattiyeva. <span class="bld">Esa nayo sabbatthā</span>ti ‘‘yasmiṃ samaye’’tiādinā khīre vuttanayaṃ dadhiādīsu atidisati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samanujānanamattakānī</span>ti ‘‘idaṃ khīraṃ, idaṃ dadhī’’tiādinā tādise bhūtupādāyarūpavisese loke <a name="V1.0338"></a> paramparābhataṃ paññattiṃ appaṭikkhipitvā samanujānanaṃ viya paccayavisesavisiṭṭhaṃ rūpādikhandhasamūhaṃ upādāya ‘‘oḷāriko attapaṭilābho’’ti ca ‘‘manomayo attapaṭilābho’’ti ca ‘‘arūpo <a name="M1.0382"></a> attapaṭilābho’’ti ca tathā tathā samanujānanamattakāni, na ca tabbinimutto upādānato añño koci attho atthīti attho. <span class="bld">Niruttimattakānī</span>ti saddaniruttiyā gahaṇūpāyamattakāni. ‘‘Satto phassoti hi saddaggahaṇuttarakālaṃ tadanuviddhapaṇṇattiggahaṇamukheneva tadatthāvabodho. <span class="bld">Vacanapathamattakānī</span>ti tasseva vevacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Vohāramattakānī</span>ti tathā tathā vohāramattakāni. <span class="bld">Nāmapaṇṇattimattakānī</span>ti tasseva vevacanaṃ, taṃtaṃnāmapaññāpanamattakāni. <span class="bld">Sabbameta</span>nti ‘‘attapaṭilābho’’ti vā ‘‘satto’’ti vā ‘‘poso’’ti vā sabbametaṃ <span class="bld">vohāramattakaṃ</span> paramatthato anupalabbhanato, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yasmā paramatthato satto nāma natthī’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadi evaṃ kasmā taṃ buddhehipi vuccatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘buddhānaṃ pana dve kathā’’</span>tiādi. Sammutiyā vohārassa kathanaṃ <span class="bld">sammutikathā. </span> Paramatthassa sabhāvadhammassa kathanaṃ <span class="bld">paramatthakathā.</span> Aniccādikathāpi paramatthasannissitakathā paramatthakathāti katvā <span class="bld">paramatthakathā.</span> Paramatthadhammo hi ‘‘anicco, dukkho, anattā’’ti ca vuccati<a name="P1.0499"></a>, na sammutidhammo. Kasmā panevaṃ duvidhā buddhānaṃ kathāpavattīti tattha kāraṇamāha <span class="bld">‘‘tattha yo’’</span>tiādinā. Yasmā paramatthakathāya saccasampaṭivedho, ariyasaccakathā ca sikhāppattā desanā, tasmā vineyyapuggalavasena sammutikathaṃ kathentopi bhagavā paramatthakathaṃyeva kathetīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tassa bhagavā āditova…pe… kathetī’’</span>ti, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tathā’’</span>tiādi, tenassa katthaci sammutikathāpubbikā paramatthakathā hoti puggalajjhāsayavasena, katthaci paramatthakathāpubbikā sammutikathā. Iti vineyyadamanakusalassa satthu vineyyajjhāsayavasena tathā tathā desanāpavattīti dasseti. Sabbattha pana bhagavā dhammataṃ avijahanto eva sammutiṃ anuvattati, sammutiṃ apariccajantoyeva dhammataṃ vibhāveti, na tattha abhinivesātidhāvanāni. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘janapadaniruttiṃ nābhiniviseyya, samaññaṃ nātidhāveyyā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paṭhamaṃ sammutiṃ katvā kathanaṃ pana veneyyavasena yebhuyyena buddhānaṃ āciṇṇanti taṃ kāraṇena saddhiṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘pakatiyā panā’’</span>tiādimāha. Nanu ca sammuti nāma paramatthato avijjamānattā abhūtā, taṃ kathaṃ buddhā kathentīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sammutikathaṃ kathentāpī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Saccamevā</span>ti <a name="M1.0383"></a> tathameva. <span class="bld">Sabhāvamevā</span>ti sammutibhāvena taṃsabhāvameva, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘amusāvā’’</span>ti. Paramatthassa pana saccādibhāve vattabbameva natthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Imesaṃ <a name="V1.0339"></a> pana sammutiparamatthānaṃ ko viseso? Yasmiṃ bhinne, buddhiyā vā avayavavinibbhoge kate na taṃsaññā, so ghaṭapaṭādippabhedo sammuti, tabbipariyāyato paramattho. Na hi kakkhaḷaphusanādisabhāve ayaṃ nayo labbhati. Evaṃ santepi vuttanayena sammutipi <a name="P1.0500"></a> saccasabhāvā evāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘duve saccāni akkhāsī’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni nesaṃ saccasabhāvaṃ kāraṇena dassento <span class="bld">‘‘saṅketavacanaṃ sacca</span>nti gāthamāha. Tattha <span class="bld">saṅketavacanaṃ saccaṃ</span> visaṃvādanābhāvato. Tattha hetumāha <span class="bld">‘‘lokasammutikāraṇa’’</span>nti. Lokasiddhā hi sammuti saṅketavacanassa avisaṃvādanatāya kāraṇaṃ. Paramo uttamo attho <span class="bld">paramattho,</span> dhammānaṃ yathābhūtasabhāvo. Tassa <span class="bld">vacanaṃ saccaṃ</span> yāthāvato avisaṃvādanavasena ca pavattanato. Tattha kāraṇamāha <span class="bld">‘‘dhammānaṃ bhūtalakkhaṇa’’</span>nti, sabhāvadhammānaṃ yo bhūto aviparīto sabhāvo, tassa lakkhaṇaṃ aṅganaṃ ñāpananti katvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadi tathāgato paramatthasaccaṃ sammadeva abhisambujjhitvā ṭhitopi lokasamaññaṃ gahetvāva vadati, ko ettha lokiyamahājanehi visesoti āha. <span class="bld">‘‘Yāhi tathāgato voharati aparāmāsa’’</span>ntiādi. Lokiyamahājano appahīnaparāmāsattā ‘‘etaṃ mamā’’tiādinā parāmasanto voharati, tathāgato pana sabbaso pahīnaparāmāsattā aparāmasanto yasmā lokasamaññāhi vinā lokiyo attho loke kenaci duviññeyyo, tasmā tāhi taṃ voharati. Tathā voharanto eva ca attano desanāvilāsena veneyyasatte paramatthasacce patiṭṭhapeti. <span class="bld">Desanaṃ vinivaṭṭetvā</span>ti heṭṭhā pavattitakathāya vinivaṭṭetvā vivecetvā desanaṃ ‘‘aparāmāsa’’nti taṇhāmānaparāmāsappahānakittanena <span class="bld">arahattanikūṭena niṭṭhāpesi</span>. Yaṃ yaṃ panettha atthato na vibhattaṃ, taṃ suviññeyyameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Poṭṭhapādasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā.</p>
<p class="chapter"><a name="dn1_10"></a>10. Subhasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">Subhamāṇavakavatthuvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para444"></a><a name="para444_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">444</span>. <span class="bld">‘‘Aciraparinibbute’’</span>ti <a name="P1.0501"></a><a name="V1.0340"></a><a name="M1.0384"></a> satthu parinibbutabhāvassa cirakālatāpaṭikkhepena āsannatā dassitā, kālaparicchedo na dassitoti taṃ paricchedato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘parinibbānato uddhaṃ māsamatte kāle’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">matta</span>-ggahaṇena kālassa asampuṇṇataṃ joteti. Tudisaññito gāmo nivāso etassāti <span class="bld">todeyyo.</span> Taṃ panesa yasmā soṇadaṇḍo viya campaṃ, kūṭadanto viya ca khāṇumataṃ ajjhāvasati, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tassa adhipatittā’’</span>ti issarabhāvatoti attho. <span class="bld">Samāhāra</span>nti sannicayaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṇḍito gharamāvase</span>ti yasmā appatarappatarepi vayamāne bhogā khiyanti, appatarappatarepi sañciyamāne vaḍḍhanti, tasmā viññujātiko kiñci vayaṃ akatvā āyameva uppādento gharāvāsaṃ anutiṭṭheyyāti lobhādesitaṃ paṭipattiṃ upadisati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Adānameva sikkhāpetvā</span> lobhābhibhūtatāya <span class="bld">tasmiṃyeva ghare sunakho hutvā</span> nibbatti. Lobhavasikassa hi duggati pāṭikaṅkhā. <span class="bld">Ativiya piyāyati</span> pubbaparicayena. <span class="bld">Piṇḍāya pāvisi</span> subhaṃ māṇavaṃ anuggaṇhitukāmo. <span class="bld">Niraye nibbattissasi</span> katokāsassa kammassa paṭibāhituṃ asakkuṇeyyabhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Brāhmaṇacārittassa bhāvitataṃ sandhāya, tathā pitaraṃ ukkaṃsento ca <span class="bld">‘‘brahmaloke nibbatto’’</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Taṃ pavattiṃ pucchī</span>ti sutametaṃ mayā ‘‘mayhaṃ pitā sunakho hutvā nibbatto’’ti tumhehi vuttaṃ, kimidaṃ saccanti pucchi. <span class="bld">Tatheva</span> <a name="P1.0502"></a> <span class="bld">vatvā</span>ti yathā pubbe sunakhassa vuttaṃ, tatheva vatvā. <span class="bld">Avisaṃvādanattha</span>nti saccāpanatthaṃ ‘‘todeyyabrāhmaṇo sunakho hutvā nibbatto’’ti attano vacanassa avisaṃvādanatthaṃ avisaṃvādabhāvassa dassanatthanti attho. <span class="bld">Sabbaṃ dassesī</span>ti <a name="V1.0341"></a> buddhānubhāvena so sunakho taṃ sabbaṃ netvā dassesi, na jātissaratāya. Bhagavantaṃ disvā bhukkaraṇaṃ pana purimajātisiddhavāsanāvasena. <span class="bld">Cuddasa pañhe pucchitvā</span>ti ‘‘dissanti hi bho <a name="M1.0385"></a> gotama manussā appāyukā, dissanti dīghāyukā. Dissanti bavhābādhā, dissanti appābādhā. Dissanti dubbaṇṇā, dissanti vaṇṇavanto. Dissanti appesakkhā, dissanti mahesakkhā. Dissanti appabhogā, dissanti mahābhogā. Dissanti nīcakulīnā, dissanti uccākulīnā. Dissanti duppaññā, dissanti paññāvanto’’ti (ma. ni. 3.289). Ime cuddasa pañhe pucchitvā, aṅgasubhatāya kiresa <span class="bld">‘‘subho’’</span>ti nāmaṃ labhi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para445"></a><a name="para445_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">445</span>. <span class="bld">‘‘Ekā ca me kaṅkhā atthī’’</span>ti iminā upari pucchiyamānassa pañhassa pageva tena abhisaṅkhatabhāvaṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Visabhāgavedanā</span>ti dukkhavedanā. Sā hi kusalakammanibbatte attabhāve uppajjanakasukhavedanāpaṭipakkhabhāvato ‘‘visabhāgavedanā’’ti. Kāyaṃ gāḷhā hutvā bādhati pīḷetīti ‘‘ābādho’’ti ca vuccati. <span class="bld">Ekadese uppajjitvā</span>ti sarīrassa ekadese uṭṭhitāpi <span class="bld">ayapaṭṭena ābandhitvā viya gaṇhāti</span> aparivattabhāvakaraṇato, etena balavarogo ābādho nāmāti dasseti. <span class="bld">Kicchajīvitakaro</span>ti asukhajīvitāvaho, etena dubbalo appamattako rogo ātaṅkoti dasseti. <span class="bld">Uṭṭhāna</span>nti sayananisajjādito uṭṭhahanaṃ, tena yathā tathā aparāparaṃ sarīrassa parivattanaṃ vadati. <span class="bld">Garuka</span>nti bhāriyaṃ kicchasiddhikaṃ<a name="P1.0503"></a>. <span class="bld">Kāye balaṃ na hotī</span>ti etthāpi ‘‘gilānassevā’’ti padaṃ ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ. Heṭṭhā catūhi padehi aphāsuvihārābhāvaṃ pucchitvā idāni phāsuvihārasabbhāvaṃ pucchati, tena saviseso phāsuvihāro pucchitoti daṭṭhabbo, asatipi atisayatthajotane sadde atisayatthassa labbhanato yathā ‘‘abhirūpāya deyyaṃ dātabba’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para447"></a><a name="para447_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">447</span>. <span class="bld">Kālañca samayañca upādāyā</span>ti. Ettha <span class="bld">kālo</span> nāma upasaṅkamanassa yuttapattakālo. <span class="bld">Samayo</span> nāma tasseva paccayasāmaggī, atthato tajjaṃ sarīrabalañceva tappaccayaparissayābhāvo ca. <span class="bld">Upādānaṃ</span> nāma ñāṇena tesaṃ gahaṇaṃ sallakkhaṇanti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kālañcā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Pharissatī</span>ti vaḍḍhissati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para448"></a><a name="para448_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">448</span>. <span class="bld">Cetiyaraṭṭhe</span>ti cetiraṭṭhe. Ya-kārena hi padaṃ vaḍḍhetvā vuttaṃ. Cetiraṭṭhato aññaṃ visuṃyevekaṃ raṭṭhanti ca vadanti. <span class="bld">Maraṇapaṭisaṃyutta</span>nti maraṇaṃ <a name="M1.0386"></a> nāma tādisānaṃ roga vaseneva hotīti yena rogena taṃ jātaṃ, tassa sarūpapucchā, kāraṇapucchā, maraṇahetukacittasantāpapucchā, tassa ca santāpassa sabbalokasādhāraṇatā, tathā maraṇassa ca appatikāratāti evaṃ ādinā maraṇapaṭisaṃyuttaṃ <a name="V1.0342"></a> sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ kathesīti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘bho ānandā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Na randhagavesī</span> māro viya, <span class="bld">na vīmaṃsanādhippāyo</span> uttaramāṇavo viyāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Yesu dhammesū</span>ti vimokkhupāyesu niyyānadhammesu. <span class="bld">Dharantī</span>ti tiṭṭhanti, pavattantīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para449"></a><a name="para449_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">449</span>. Atthappayuttatāya saddapayogassa saddappabandhalakkhaṇāni tīṇi piṭakāni tadatthabhūtehi sīlādīhi dhammakkhandhehi saṅgayhantīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tīṇi piṭakāni tīhi khandhehi saṅgahetvā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Saṅkhittena kathita</span>nti ‘‘tiṇṇaṃ khandhāna’’nti evaṃ gahaṇato sāmaññato cāti saṅkhepeneva kathitaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Katamesaṃ tiṇṇa’’</span>nti <a name="P1.0504"></a> ayaṃ adiṭṭhajotanā pucchā, na kathetukamyatā pucchāti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vitthārato pucchissāmī ‘ti cintetvā ‘katamesaṃ tiṇṇa’nti āhā’’</span>ti. Kathetukamyatābhāve panassa therassa vacanatā siyā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Sīlakkhandhavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para450-453"></a><a name="para450-453_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">450-453</span>. <span class="bld">Sīlakkhandhassā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">iti</span>-saddo ādiattho, pakārattho vā, tena ‘‘ariyassa samādhikkhandhassa…pe… patiṭṭhāpesī’’ti ayaṃ ettako pāṭho dassitoti daṭṭhabbaṃ tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tesu dassitesū’’</span>ti, uddesavasenāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Bhagavatā vuttanayenevā</span>ti sāmaññaphaladesanādīsu bhagavatā desitanayeneva, tenassa suttassa satthubhāsitabhāvaṃ jinavacanabhāvaṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Sāsane na sīlameva sāro</span>ti ariyamaggasāre bhagavato sāsane yathā dassitaṃ sīlaṃ sāro eva na hoti sāravato mahato rukkhassa papaṭikaṭṭhāniyattā. Yadi evaṃ kasmā idha gahitanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kevalañhetaṃ patiṭṭhāmattakamevā’’</span>ti. Jhānādiuttarimanussadhamme adhigantukāmassa adhiṭṭhānamattaṃ tattha appatiṭṭhitassa tesaṃ asambhavato. Atha vā <span class="bld">na sīlameva sāro</span>ti kāmañcettha sāsane ‘‘maggasīlaṃ, phalasīla’’nti idaṃ lokuttarasīlampi sārameva, tathāpi na sīlakkhandho eva sāro atha kho samādhikkhandhopi paññākkhandhopi <a name="M1.0387"></a> sāro evāti evamettha attho daṭṭhabbo. Purimo eva sāro, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ito uttarī’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="subhead">Samādhikkhandhavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para454"></a><a name="para454_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">454</span>. Kasmā panettha thero samādhikkhandhaṃ puṭṭho indriyasaṃvarādike vissajjesi, nanu evaṃ sante aññaṃ puṭṭho aññaṃ byākaronto ambaṃ puṭṭho labujaṃ byākaronto viya hotīti īdisī codanā idha anokāsāti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘kathañca māṇava bhikkhu…pe… samādhikkhandhaṃ dassetukāmo</span> <a name="V1.0343"></a> <span class="bld">ārabhī’’</span>ti āha, tenettha indriyasaṃvarādayopi samādhiupakārataṃ upādāya samādhikkhandhapakkhikāni uddiṭṭhānīti dasseti <span class="bld">rūpajjhānāneva āgatāni, na arūpajjhānāni</span> rūpāvacaracatutthajjhānadesanānantaraṃ abhiññādesanāya avasaroti katvā. Rūpāvacaracatutthajjhānapādikā hi saparibhaṇḍā chapi abhiññāyo. Lokiyā abhiññā <a name="P1.0505"></a> pana sijjhamānā yasmā aṭṭhasu samāpattīsu cuddasavidhena cittaparidamanena vinā na ijjhanti, tasmā abhiññāsu desiyamānāsu arūpajjhānānipi desitāneva honti nānantariyabhāvato, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ānetvā pana dīpetabbānī’’</span>ti. Vuttanayena desitāneva katvā saṃvaṇṇakehi pakāsetabbānīti attho. Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ pana ‘‘catutthajjhānaṃ upasampajja viharatī’’ti imināva arūpajjhānampi saṅgahitanti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘catutthajjhānena hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Catutthajjhānañhi rūpavirāgabhāvanāvasena pavattaṃ ‘‘arūpajjhāna’’nti vuccatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para471-480"></a><a name="para471-480_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">471-480</span>. <span class="bld">Na cittekaggatāmattakenevā</span>ti ettha heṭṭhā vuttanayānusārena attho veditabbo. Lokiyassa samādhikkhandhassa adhippetattā <span class="bld">‘‘na citte…pe… atthī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Ariya-saddo cettha suddhapariyāyo, na lokuttarapariyāyo. Tathā heṭṭhāpi lokiyābhiññāpaṭisambhidāhi vināva arahatte adhigate nattheva uttariṃkaraṇīyanti sakkā vattuṃ yadatthaṃ bhagavati brahmacariyaṃ vussati, tassa siddhattā. Idha pana lokiyābhiññāpi āgatā eva. Sesaṃ suviññeyyameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Subhasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā.</p>
<p class="chapter"><a name="dn1_11"></a>11. Kevaṭṭasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">Kevaṭṭagahapatiputtavatthuvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para481"></a><a name="para481_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">481</span>. <span class="bld">Pāvārikambavane</span>ti <a name="M1.0388"></a><a name="V1.0344"></a><a name="P1.0506"></a> pāvārikaseṭṭhino ambabahule upavane. Taṃ kira so seṭṭhī bhagavato anucchavikaṃ gandhakuṭiṃ, bhikkhusaṅghassa ca rattiṭṭhānadivāṭṭhānakuṭimaṇḍapādīni sampādetvā pākāraparikkhittaṃ dvārakoṭṭhakasampannaṃ katvā buddhappamukhassa saṅghassa niyyātesi, purimavohārena pana ‘‘pāvārikambavana’’nti vuccati, tasmiṃ pāvārikambavane. <span class="bld">Kevaṭṭoti idaṃ tassa nāmaṃ</span> kevaṭṭehi saṃrakkhitattā, tesaṃ vā santike saṃvaḍḍhitattāti keci. ‘‘Gahapatiputtassā’’ti ettha kāmaṃ tadā so gahapatiṭṭhāne ṭhito, pitu panassa acirakālaṃkatatāya purimasamaññāya ‘‘gahapatiputto’’ tveva voharīyati, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘gahapati mahāsālo’’</span>ti. Mahāvibhavatāya mahāsāro, gahapatīti attho ra-kārassa la-kāraṃ katvā ‘‘mahāsālo sukhumālo aha’’ntiādīsu (a. ni. 3.39) viya. <span class="bld">Saddhāsampanno</span>ti pothujjanikāya saddhāya vasena saddhā samannāgato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samiddhā</span>ti sammadeva iddhā, iddhiyā vibhavasampattiyā vepullappattāti attho. ‘‘Ehi tvaṃ bhikkhu anvaddhamāsaṃ, anumāsaṃ, anusaṃvaccharaṃ vā manussānaṃ pasādāya iddhipāṭihāriyaṃ karohī’’ti ekassa bhikkhuno āṇāpanaṃ tasmiṃ ṭhāne tassa ṭhapanaṃ nāma hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ṭhānantare ṭhapetū’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Uttarimanussānaṃ</span> <a name="P1.0507"></a> <span class="bld">dhammato</span>ti uttarimanussānaṃ buddhādīnaṃ adhigamadhammato. Niddhāraṇe cetaṃ nissakkaṃ. Iddhipāṭihāriyañhi tato niddhāreti. <span class="bld">Manussadhammato uttarī</span>ti pakatimanussadhammato upari. <span class="bld">Pajjalitapadīpo</span>ti pajjalanto padīpo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para482"></a><a name="para482_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">482</span>. <span class="bld">Na dhaṃsemī</span>ti guṇasampattito na cāvemi, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sīlabheda’’</span>ntiādi. <span class="bld">Vissāsaṃ vaḍḍhetvā</span> bhagavati attano vissatthabhāvaṃ brūhetvā vibhūtaṃ pākaṭaṃ katvā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Iddhipāṭihāriyavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para483-4"></a><a name="para483-4_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">483-4</span>. <span class="bld">Ādīnava</span>nti <a name="V1.0345"></a><a name="M1.0389"></a> dosaṃ. <span class="bld">Gandhārī</span>ti <span class="bld">cūḷagandhārī,</span> mahāgandhārīti dve gandhārīvijjā. Tattha <span class="bld">cūḷagandhārī</span> nāma tivassato oraṃ matānaṃ sattānaṃ upapannaṭṭhānajānanavijjā. <span class="bld">Mahāgandhārī</span> tampi jānāti tato uttaripi iddhividhañāṇakappaṃ yebhuyyena iddhividhakiccaṃ sādheti. Tassā kira vijjāya sādhako puggalo tādise desakāle mantaṃ parijappitvā bahudhāpi attānaṃ dasseti, hatthiādīnipi dasseti, dassanīyopi hoti, aggithambhampi karoti, jalathambhampi karoti, ākāsepi attānaṃ dasseti. Sabbaṃ indajālasadisaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Aṭṭo</span>ti dukkhito bādhito, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘pīḷito’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Ādesanāpāṭihāriyavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para485"></a><a name="para485_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">485</span>. Kāmaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘cetasika’’</span>nti padaṃ ye cetasi niyuttā cittena sampayuttā, tesaṃ sādhāraṇavacanaṃ, sādhāraṇe pana gahite cittaviseso gahitova hoti, sāmaññajotanā ca visese avatiṭṭhatīti cetasikaggahaṇassa adhippāyaṃ vivaranto <span class="bld">‘‘somanassadomanassaṃ adhippeta’’</span>nti āha. Somanassaggahaṇena cettha tadekaṭṭhā rāgādayo, saddhādayo ca dassitā honti, domanassaggahaṇena dosādayo. Vitakkavicārā pana sarūpeneva dassitā. <span class="bld">Evaṃ tava mano</span>ti iminā ākārena tava mano pavattoti attho<a name="P1.0508"></a>. Kena pakārena pavattoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘somanassito vā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">‘‘Evaṃ tava mano’’</span>ti idaṃ pana somanassitatādimattadassanaṃ, na pana yena yena somanassito vā domanassito vā, taṃ taṃ dassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Dutiya</span>nti ‘‘itthampi te mano’’ti idaṃ. <span class="bld">Itipī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">iti</span>-saddo nidassanattho ‘‘atthīti kho, kaccāna, ayameko anto’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 2.15; 3.90) viya, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘imañca imañca atthaṃ cintayamāna’’</span>nti <span class="bld">pi</span>-saddo vuttatthasampiṇḍanattho. Parassa cintaṃ manati jānāti etenāti <span class="bld">cintāmaṇi.</span> Tassā kira vijjāya sādhako puggalo tādise desakāle mantaṃ parijappitvā yassa cittaṃ jānitukāmo, tassa diṭṭhasutādivisesasañjānanamukhena cittācāraṃ <a name="M1.0390"></a> anuminanto kathetīti keci. Apare ‘‘vācaṃ niccharāpetvā tattha akkharasallakkhaṇavasenā’’ti vadanti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Anusāsanīpāṭihāriyavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para486"></a><a name="para486_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">486</span>. <span class="bld">Pavattentā</span>ti pavattanakā hutvā, pavattanavasenāti attho. <span class="bld">‘‘Eva’’</span>nti hi padaṃ yathānusiṭṭhāya <a name="V1.0346"></a> anusāsaniyā vidhivasena, paṭisedhavasena ca pavattiākāraparāmasanaṃ, sā ca sammāvitakkānaṃ micchāvitakkānañca pavattiākāradassanavasena pavattati tattha ānisaṃsassa ādīnavassa ca vibhāvanatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Aniccasaññameva</span> na niccasaññanti attho. Paṭiyogīnivattanatthañhi <span class="bld">eva</span>-kāraggahaṇaṃ. Idhāpi <span class="bld">evaṃ</span> saddaggahaṇassa attho, payojanañca vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Idaṃ</span>gahaṇepi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Pañcakāmaguṇikarāga</span>nti nidassanamattaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ, tadaññarāgassa, dosādīnañca pahānassa icchitattā, tappahānassa ca tadaññarāgādikhepanassa upāyabhāvato tathā vuttaṃ duṭṭhalohitavimocanassa <a name="P1.0509"></a> pubbaduṭṭhamaṃsakhepanūpāyatā viya. <span class="bld">Lokuttaradhammamevā</span>ti avadhāraṇaṃ paṭipakkhabhāvato sāvajjadhammanivattanaparaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ tassādhigamūpāyānisaṃsabhūtānaṃ tadaññesaṃ anavajjadhammānaṃ nānantariyabhāvato. <span class="bld">Iddhividhaṃ iddhipāṭihāriyanti dasseti</span> iddhidassanena parasantāne pasādādīnaṃ paṭipakkhassa haraṇato. Iminā nayena sesapadadvayepi attho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Satataṃ dhammadesanā</span>ti sabbakālaṃ desetabbadhammadesanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Iddhipāṭihāriyenā</span>ti sahayoge karaṇavacanaṃ, iddhipāṭihāriyena saddhinti attho. <span class="bld">Ādesanāpāṭihāriyenā</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo. Dhammasenāpatissa āciṇṇanti yojanā. <span class="bld">‘‘Cittācāraṃ ñatvā’’</span>ti iminā ādesanāpāṭihāriyaṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">‘‘Dhammaṃ desesī’’</span>ti iminā anusāsanīpāṭihāriyaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘buddhānaṃ satataṃ dhammadesanā’’</span>ti anusāsanīpāṭihāriyassa tattha sātisayatāya vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Saupārambhāni</span> patirūpena upārambhitabbato. <span class="bld">Sadosāni</span> dosasamucchindanassa anupāyabhāvato. Sadosattā eva <span class="bld">addhānaṃ na tiṭṭhanti</span> cirakālaṭṭhāyīni na honti. <span class="bld">Addhānaṃ atiṭṭhanato na niyyantī</span>ti phalena hetuno anumānaṃ. Aniyyānikatāya hi tāni anaddhaniyāni. <span class="bld">Anusāsanīpāṭihāriyaṃ anupārambhaṃ</span> visuddhippabhavato, visuddhinissayato <a name="M1.0391"></a> ca. Tato eva <span class="bld">niddosaṃ.</span> Na hi tattha pubbāparavirodhādidosasambhavo. Niddosattā eva <span class="bld">addhānaṃ tiṭṭhati</span> paravādavātehi, kilesavātehi ca anupahantabbato. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yathāvuttakāraṇato, tena saupārambhādiṃ, anupārambhādiṃ cāti ubhayaṃ ubhayattha yathākkamaṃ gārayhapāsaṃsabhāvānaṃ hetubhāvena paccāmasati.</p>
<p class="subhead">Bhūtanirodhesakavatthuvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para487"></a><a name="para487_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">487</span>. <span class="bld">Aniyyānikabhāvadassanattha</span>nti <a name="P1.0510"></a> yasmā mahābhūtapariyesako bhikkhu purimesu dvīsu pāṭihāriyesu vasippatto kusalopi samāno mahābhūtānaṃ aparisesanirodhasaṅkhātaṃ nibbānaṃ nāvabujjhi<a name="V1.0347"></a>, tasmā tāni niyyānāvahatābhāvato aniyyānikānīti tesaṃ aniyyānikabhāvadassanatthaṃ. Tatiyaṃ pana takkarassa ekantato niyyānāvahanti tasseva <span class="bld">niyyānikabhāvadassanatthaṃ.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext">Evametissā desanāya mukhyapayojanaṃ dassetvā idāni anusaṅgikampi dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘apicā’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. <span class="bld">Mahābhūte pariyesanto</span>ti aparisesaṃ nirujjhanavasena mahābhūte gavesanto, tesaṃ anavasesanirodhaṃ vīmaṃsantoti attho. <span class="bld">Vicaritvā</span>ti dhammatāya codiyamāno vicaritvā. Dhammatāsiddhaṃ kiretaṃ, yadidaṃ tassa bhikkhuno tathā vicaraṇaṃ, yathā abhijātiyaṃ mahāpathavikampādi. <span class="bld">Mahantabhāvappakāsanattha</span>nti sadevake loke anaññasādhāraṇassa buddhānaṃ mahantabhāvassa mahānubhāvatāya dīpanatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Idañca kāraṇa</span>nti sabbesampi buddhānaṃ sāsane īdiso eko bhikkhu tadānubhāvappakāsano hotīti idampi kāraṇaṃ dassento.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Katthā</span>ti nimitte bhummaṃ, tasmā <span class="bld">katthā</span>ti kismiṃ ṭhāne kāraṇabhūte. <span class="bld">Kiṃ āgammā</span>ti kiṃ ārammaṇaṃ paccayabhūtaṃ adhigantvā, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kiṃ pattassā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Te</span>ti mahābhūtā. <span class="bld">Appavattivasenā</span>ti anuppajjanavasena. <span class="bld">Sabbākārenā</span>ti vacanatthalakkhaṇādisamuṭṭhānakalāpacuṇṇanānattekattavinibbhogāvinibbhoga- sabhāgavisabhāgaajjhattikabāhirasaṅgahapaccayasamannāhārapaccayavibhāgākārato, sasambhārasaṅkhepasasambhāravibhattisalakkhaṇasaṅkhepasalakkhaṇavibhattiākārato cāti sabbena ākārena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para488"></a><a name="para488_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">488</span>. Dibbanti <a name="M1.0392"></a> ettha pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samaṅgībhūtā hutvā vicaranti, kīḷanti, jotanti cāti devo, devaloko. Taṃ yanti upagacchanti etenāti <span class="bld">devayāniyo. Vasaṃ vattento</span>ti <a name="P1.0511"></a> ettha <span class="bld">vasavattanaṃ</span> nāma yathicchitaṭṭhānagamanaṃ. Cattāro mahārājāno etesaṃ issarāti <span class="bld">cātumahārājikā</span> yā devatā maggaphalalābhino tā tamatthaṃ ekadesena jāneyyuṃ buddhavisayo panāyaṃ pañhoti cintetvā ‘‘na jānāmā’’ti āhaṃsu, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘buddhavisaye’’</span>tiādi. Ajjhottharaṇaṃ nāmettha nippīḷananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘punappunaṃ pucchatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Abhikkantatarā</span>ti rūpasampattiyā ceva paññāpaṭibhānādiguṇehi ca amhe abhibhuyya paresaṃ kāmanīyatarā. <span class="bld">Paṇītatarā</span>ti uḷāratarā, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘uttamatarā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para491-3"></a><a name="para491-3_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">491-3</span>. <span class="bld">Devayāniyasadiso</span> iddhividhañāṇasseva adhippetattā. <span class="bld">‘‘Devayāniyamaggoti vā <a name="V1.0348"></a> …pe… sabbametaṃ iddhividhañāṇasseva nāma’’</span>nti idaṃ pāḷiyaṃ aṭṭhakathāsu ca tattha tattha āgataruḷhivasena vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para494"></a><a name="para494_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">494</span>. <span class="bld">Āgamanapubbabhāge nimitta</span>nti brahmuno āgamanassa pubbabhāge uppajjananimittaṃ. <span class="bld">Pāturahosī</span>ti āvi bhavi. <span class="bld">Pākaṭo ahosī</span>ti pakāso ahosi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para497"></a><a name="para497_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">497</span>. <span class="bld">Padesenā</span>ti ekadesena, upādinnakavasena, sattasantānapariyāpannenāti attho. <span class="bld">Anupādinnakepī</span>ti anindriyabaddhepi. <span class="bld">Nippadesato</span> anavasesato. <span class="bld">Pucchāmūḷhassā</span>ti pucchituṃ ajānantassa. <span class="bld">Pucchāya dosaṃ dassetvā</span>ti tena katapucchāya pucchitākāre dosaṃ vibhāvetvā. Yasmā vissajjanaṃ nāma pucchānurūpaṃ pucchāsabhāgena vissajjetabbato, na ca tathāgatā virajjhitvā katapucchānurūpaṃ vissajjenti, atthasabhāgatāya ca vissajjanassa pucchakā tadatthaṃ anavabujjhantā sammuyhanti, tasmā pucchāya sikkhāpanaṃ buddhāciṇṇaṃ, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘pucchaṃ sikkhāpetvā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para498"></a><a name="para498_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">498</span>. <span class="bld">Appatiṭṭhā</span>ti appaccayā, sabbaso samucchinnakāraṇāti attho. <span class="bld">Upādinnaṃ yevā</span>ti indriyabaddhameva. Yasmā ekadisābhimukhaṃ santānavasena saṇṭhite rūpappabandhe dīghasamaññā taṃ upādāya tato appake rassasamaññā tadubhayañca visesato rūpaggahaṇamukhena <a name="P1.0512"></a> gayhati, tasmā āha <a name="M1.0393"></a> <span class="bld">‘‘dīghañca rassañcāti saṇṭhānavasena upādārūpaṃ vutta’’</span>nti. Appaparimāṇe rūpasaṅghāte aṇusamaññā, taṃ upādāya tato mahati thūlasamaññā. Idampi dvayaṃ visesato rūpaggahaṇamukhena gayhati, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘imināpī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Pi</span>-saddena cettha ‘‘saṇṭhānavasena upādārūpaṃ vutta’’nti etthāpi vaṇṇamattameva kathitanti imamatthaṃ samuccinatīti vadanti. <span class="bld">Subha</span>nti sundaraṃ, iṭṭhanti attho. <span class="bld">Asubha</span>nti asundaraṃ, aniṭṭhanti vuttaṃ hoti. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘iṭṭhāniṭṭhārammaṇaṃ panevaṃ kathita’’</span>nti. Dīghaṃ rassaṃ, aṇuṃ thūlaṃ, subhāsubhanti tīsu ṭhānesu upādārūpasseva gahaṇaṃ, bhūtarūpānaṃ visuṃ gahitattā. <span class="bld">Nāma</span>nti vedanādikkhandhacatukkaṃ tañhi ārammaṇābhimukhaṃ namanato, nāmakaraṇato ca ‘‘nāma’’nti vuccati. Heṭṭhā ‘‘dīghaṃ rassa’’ntiādinā vuttameva idha ruppanaṭṭhena ‘‘rūpa’’nti gahitanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘dīghādibhedaṃ rūpañcā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Dīghādī</span>ti ca <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena āpādīnañca saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. Yasmā vā dīghādisamaññā na rūpāyatanavatthukāva, atha kho bhūtarūpavatthukāpi. Tathā hi saṇṭhānaṃ phusanamukhenapi gayhati, tasmā dīgharassādiggahaṇena bhūtarūpampi gayhatevāti ‘‘dīghādibhedaṃ rūpa’’micceva vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Kiṃ āgammā</span>ti kiṃ adhigantvā kissa <a name="V1.0349"></a> adhigamahetu. <span class="bld">‘‘Uparujjhatī’’</span>ti idaṃ anuppādanirodhaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ, na khaṇanirodhanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘asesametaṃ nappavattatī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para499"></a><a name="para499_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">499</span>. <span class="bld">Viññātabba</span>nti visiṭṭhena ñātabbaṃ, ñāṇuttamena ariyamaggañāṇena paccakkhato jānitabbanti attho, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘nibbānassetaṃ nāma’’</span>nti. Nidissatīti nidassanaṃ, cakkhuviññeyyaṃ. Na nidassanaṃ <span class="bld">anidassanaṃ,</span> acakkhuviññeyyanti etamatthaṃ vadanti. Nidassanaṃ <a name="P1.0513"></a> vā upamā, taṃ etassa natthīti <span class="bld">anidassanaṃ.</span> Na hi nibbānassa niccassa ekassa accantasantapaṇītasabhāvassa sadisaṃ nidassanaṃ kutoci labbhatīti. Yaṃ ahutvā sambhoti, hutvā paṭiveti taṃ saṅkhataṃ udayavayantehi saantaṃ, asaṅkhatassa pana nibbānassa niccassa te ubhopi antā na santi, tato eva navabhāvāpagamasaṅkhāto jarantopi tassa natthīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘uppādanto…pe… ananta’’</span>nti. ‘‘Titthassa nāma’’nti vatvā tattha nibbacanaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘papanti etthāti papa’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. Ettha hi papanti pānatitthaṃ. <span class="bld">Bha-kāro kato</span> niruttinayena. Visuddhaṭṭhena vā <span class="bld">sabbatopabhaṃ,</span> kenaci anupakkiliṭṭhatāya samantato pabhassaranti attho<a name="M1.0394"></a>. Yena nibbānaṃ adhigataṃ, taṃ santatipariyāpannānaṃyeva idha anuppādanirodho adhippetoti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘upādinnakadhammajātaṃ nirujjhati appavattaṃ hotī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti ‘‘viññāṇassa nirodhenā’’ti yaṃ padaṃ vuttaṃ, tasmiṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Viññāṇa’’</span>nti viññāṇaṃ uddharati vibhattabbattā <span class="bld">etthetaṃ uparujjhatī</span>ti etasmiṃ nibbāne etaṃ nāmarūpaṃ carimakaviññāṇanirodhena anuppādavasena nirujjhati anupādisesāya nibbānadhātuyā, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vijjhātadīpasikhā viya apaṇṇattikabhāvaṃ yātī’’</span>ti. ‘‘Carimakaviññāṇa’’nti hi arahato cuticittaṃ adhippetaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Abhisaṅkhāraviññāṇassāpī’’</span>tiādināpi saupādisesanibbānamukhena anupādisesanibbānameva vadati nāmarūpassa anavasesato uparujjhanassa adhippetattā, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘anuppādavasena uparujjhatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sotāpattimaggañāṇenā</span>ti kattari, karaṇe vā karaṇavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Nirodhenā</span>ti pana hetumhi. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti etasmiṃ nibbāne. Sesamettha yaṃ atthato na vibhattaṃ, taṃ suviññeyyameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Kevaṭṭasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā.</p>
<p class="chapter"><a name="dn1_12"></a>12. Lohiccasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">Lohiccabrāhmaṇavatthuvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para501"></a><a name="para501_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">501</span>. <span class="bld">Sālavatikāti</span> <a name="V1.0350"></a><a name="M1.0395"></a><a name="P1.0514"></a> itthiliṅgavasena <span class="bld">tassa gāmassa nāmaṃ.</span> Gāmaṇikābhāvenāti keci. Lohito nāma tassa kule pubbapuriso, tassa vasena <span class="bld">lohiccoti tassa brāhmaṇassa</span> gottato āgataṃ <span class="bld">nāmaṃ.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para502"></a><a name="para502_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">502</span>. ‘‘Diṭṭhigata’’nti laddhimattaṃ adhippetanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘na pana ucchedasassatānaṃ aññatara’’</span>nti. Na hi ucchedasassatagāhavinimutto koci diṭṭhigāho atthi. <span class="bld">‘‘Bhāsati yevā’’</span>ti tassā laddhiyā loke pākaṭabhāvaṃ dasseti. Attato añño paroti yathā anusāsakato anusāsitabbo paro, evaṃ anusāsitabbatopi anusāsako paroti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘paro parassāti paro yo’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Kiṃ</span>-saddāpekkhāya cettha <span class="bld">‘‘karissatī’’</span>ti anāgatakālavacanaṃ, anāgatepi vā tena tassa kātabbaṃ natthīti dassanatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Kusalaṃ dhamma</span>nti anavajjadhammaṃ nikkilesadhammaṃ vimokkhadhammanti attho. ‘‘Paresaṃ dhammaṃ kathessāmī’’ti tehi attānaṃ parivārāpetvā vicaraṇaṃ kiṃ atthiyaṃ āsayabuddhassāpi anurodhena vinā taṃ na hotīti tasmā <span class="bld">attanā paṭiladdhaṃ…pe… vihātabbanti vadati.</span> Tenāha ‘‘evaṃ sampadamidaṃ pāpakaṃ lobhadhammaṃ vadāmī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para504"></a><a name="para504_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">504</span>. <span class="bld">So</span>ti lohicco brāhmaṇo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para508"></a><a name="para508_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">508</span>. <span class="bld">Kathāphāsukattha</span>nti kathāsukhatthaṃ, sukhena kathaṃ kathetuñceva sotuñcāti attho. <span class="bld">Appeva nāma siyā</span>ti ettha pītivasena āmeḍitaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Tathā hi taṃ ‘‘buddhagajjita’’nti vuccati<a name="V1.0351"></a>. Bhagavā hi <a name="P1.0515"></a> īdisesu ṭhānesu visesato pītisomanassajāto hoti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ayaṃ kirettha adhippāyo’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="subhead">Lohiccabrāhmaṇānuyogavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para509"></a><a name="para509_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">509</span>. <span class="bld">Samudayasañjātī</span>ti āyuppādo. Anupubbo kampī-saddo ākaṅkhanattho hotīti <span class="bld">‘‘icchatīti attho’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Sātisayena vā <a name="M1.0396"></a> hitena anukampako anuggaṇhanako <span class="bld">hitānukampī. Sampajjatī</span>ti āsevanalābhena nippajjati balavatī hoti, avaggahāti attho, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘niyatā hotī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Niraye nibbattati</span> micchādiṭṭhiko.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para510-11"></a><a name="para510-11_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">510-11</span>. <span class="bld">Dutiyaṃ upapatti</span>nti ‘‘nanu rājā pasenadī kosalo’’tiādinā dutiyaṃ upapattiṃ sādhanayuttiṃ. Kāraṇañhi bhagavā upamāmukhena dasseti. <span class="bld">Ye cime</span>ti ye ca ime kulaputtā dibbā gabbhā paripācentīti yojanā. <span class="bld">Asakkuṇantā</span> upanissayasampattiyā, ñāṇaparipākassa vā abhāvena. Ye pana ‘‘paripaccantī’’ti paṭhanti, tesaṃ ‘‘dibbe gabbhe’’ti vacanavipallāsena payojanaṃ natthi. Attho ca dutiyavikappe vuttanayena veditabbo. Ahitānukampitā ca taṃsamaṅgisattavasena. Divi bhavāti <span class="bld">dibbā. </span> Gabbhenti paripaccanavasena santānaṃ pabandhentīti <span class="bld">gabbhā. ‘‘Channaṃ devalokāna’’</span>nti nidassanavacanametaṃ. Brahmalokassāpi hi dibbagabbhabhāvo labbhateva dibbavihārahetukattā. Evañca katvā ‘‘bhāvanaṃ bhāvayamānā’’ti idampi vacanaṃ samatthitaṃ hoti. Bhavanti ettha yathāruci sukhasamappitāti bhavā, vimānāni. Devabhāvāvahattā <span class="bld">dibbā.</span> Vuttanayeneva <span class="bld">gabbhā. Dānādayo</span> devalokasaṃvattaniya<span class="bld">puññavisesā.</span> <span class="bld">Dibbā bhavā</span>ti devalokapariyāpannā upapattibhavā. Tadāvaho hi kammabhavo pubbe gahito.</p>
<p class="subhead">Tayocodanārahavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para513"></a><a name="para513_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">513</span>. <span class="bld">Aniyamitenevā</span>ti aniyameneva ‘‘tvaṃ evaṃdiṭṭhiko evaṃ sattānaṃ anatthassa kārako’’ti evaṃ anuddesikeneva<a name="P1.0516"></a>. <span class="bld">Māna</span>nti ‘‘ahametaṃ jānāmi, ahametaṃ passāmī’’ti evaṃ paṇḍitamānaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhinditvā</span>ti vidhametvā, jahāpetvāti attho. <span class="bld">Tayo satthāre</span>ti asampāditaattahito anovādakarasāvako, asampāditaattahito ovādakarasāvako, sampāditaattahito anovādakarasāvakoti ime tayo satthāre. Catuttho pana sammāsambuddho na codanāraho hotīti ‘‘tena pucchite eva kathessāmī’’ti codanārahe tayo satthāre paṭhamaṃ dassesi<a name="V1.0352"></a>, pacchā catutthaṃsatthāraṃ. Kāmañcettha catuttho satthā eko adutiyo anaññasādhāraṇo, tathāpi so yesaṃ uttarimanussadhammānaṃ <a name="M1.0397"></a> vasena ‘‘dhammamayo kāyo’’ti vuccati, tesaṃ samudāyabhūtopi te guṇāvayave satthuṭṭhāniye katvā dassento bhagavā ‘‘ayampi kho, lohicca, satthā’’ti abhāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aññā</span>ti ya-kāralopena niddeso ‘‘sayaṃ abhiññā’’ti ādīsu (dī. ni. 1.28, 37, 52; ma. ni. 1.284; 2.341; a. ni. 2.5; 10.11; mahāva. 11; dha. pa. 353; kathā. 405) viya. <span class="bld">Aññāyā</span>ti ca tadatthiye sampadānavacananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ājānanatthāyā’’</span>ti. Sāvakattaṃ paṭijānitvā ṭhitattā ekadesenassa sāsanaṃ karontīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘nirantaraṃ tassa sāsanaṃ akatvā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ukkamitvā vattantī</span>ti yathicchitaṃ karontīti attho. <span class="bld">Paṭikkamantiyā</span>ti anabhiratiyā agāravena apagacchantiyā, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘anicchantiyā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Ekāyā</span>ti ekāya itthiyā. <span class="bld">Eko iccheyyā</span>ti eko puriso tāya anicchantiyā sampayogaṃ kāmeyya. Osakkanādimukhena <a name="P1.0517"></a> itthipurisasambandhanidassanaṃ gehasitaapekkhāvasena tassa satthuno sāvakesu paṭipattīti dasseti. Ativiya virattabhāvato <span class="bld">daṭṭhumpi anicchamānaṃ. Lobhenā</span>ti parivāravasena uppajjanakalābhasakkāralobhena. <span class="bld">Tattha sampādehī</span>ti tasmiṃ paṭipattidhamme patiṭṭhitaṃ katvā sampādehi. <span class="bld">Ujuṃ karohi</span> kāyavaṅkādivigamena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para515"></a><a name="para515_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">515</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ codanaṃ arahatī</span>ti evaṃ vuttanayena sāvakesu appossukkabhāvāpādane niyojanavasena codanaṃ arahati, na paṭhamo viya ‘‘evarūpo tava lobhadhammo’’tiādinā, na ca dutiyo viya ‘‘attānameva tāva tattha sampādehī’’tiādinā. Kasmā? Sampāditaattahitatāya tatiyassa.</p>
<p class="subhead">Nacodanārahasatthuvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para516"></a><a name="para516_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">516</span>. ‘‘Na codanāraho’’ti ettha yasmā codanārahatā nāma satthuvippaṭipattiyā vā sāvakavippaṭipattiyā vā ubhayavippaṭipattiyā vā, tayidaṃ sabbampi imasmiṃ satthari natthi, tasmā na codanārahoti imamatthaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ayañhī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para517"></a><a name="para517_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">517</span>. <span class="bld">Mayā</span> <a name="M1.0398"></a> <span class="bld">gahitāya diṭṭhiyā</span>ti sabbaso anavajje sammāpaṭipanne paresaṃ sammadeva sammāpaṭipattiṃ dessente satthari abhūtadosāropanavasena micchāgahitāya nirayagāminiyā pāpadiṭṭhiyā<a name="V1.0353"></a>. <span class="bld">Narakapapāta</span>nti narakasaṅkhātaṃ mahāpapātaṃ. Papatanti tatthāti hi papāto. <span class="bld">Saggamaggathale</span>ti saggagāmimaggabhūte puññadhammathale. Sesaṃ suviññeyyameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Lohiccasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā.</p>
<p class="chapter"><a name="dn1_13"></a>13. Tevijjasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para518"></a><a name="para518_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">518</span>. <span class="bld">Uttarenā</span>ti <a name="V1.0354"></a><a name="M1.0399"></a><a name="P1.0518"></a> ettha <span class="bld">ena</span>-saddo disāvācīsaddato pañcamīantato adūrattho icchito, tasmā uttarena-saddena adūratthajotanaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘adūre uttarapasse’’</span>ti āha. Akkharacintakā pana ena-saddayoge avadhivācini pade upayogavacanaṃ icchanti. Attho pana sāmivaseneva icchitoti idha sāmivacanavaseneva vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para519"></a><a name="para519_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">519</span>. <span class="bld">Kulacārittādī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena mantajjhenābhirūpatādisampattiṃ saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Mantasajjhāyakaraṇattha</span>nti āthabbaṇamantānaṃ sajjhāyakaraṇatthaṃ, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘aññesaṃ bahūnaṃ pavesanaṃ nivāretvā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Maggāmaggakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para520"></a><a name="para520_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">520</span>. <span class="bld">‘‘Jaṅghacāra’’</span>nti caṅkamato ito cito ca caraṇamāha. So hi jaṅghāsu kilamathavinodanattho cāroti tathā vutto. Tenāha ‘‘anucaṅkamantānaṃ anuvicarantāna’’nti. <span class="bld">Tenā</span>ti ubhosupi anucaṅkamanānuvicāraṇānaṃ labbhanato. Sahāyā hi te aññamañña sabhāgavuttikā. ‘‘Maggo’’ti icchitaṭṭhānaṃ ujukaṃ maggati upagacchati etenāti maggo, ujumaggo. Tadañño amaggo, tasmiṃ <span class="bld">magge ca amagge ca. Paṭipada</span>nti brahmalokagāmimaggassa pubbabhāgapaṭipadaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Niyyātīti niyyānīyo, so eva <span class="bld">‘‘niyyāniko’’</span>ti vuttoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘niyyāyanto’’</span>ti. Yasmā niyyātapuggalavasenassa niyyānikabhāvo<a name="P1.0519"></a>, tasmā ‘‘niyyāyanto’’ti puggalassa yoniso paṭipajjanavasena niyyāyanto maggo <span class="bld">‘‘niyyātī’’</span>ti vutto. <span class="bld">Karotī</span>ti attano santāne uppādeti. Uppādentoyeva hi tattha <span class="bld">paṭipajjati</span> nāma. Saha byeti vattatīti sahabyo, sahavattanako<a name="V1.0355"></a>. Tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">sahabyatā</span>ti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sahabhāvāyā’’</span>tiādi. Sahabhāvoti ca salokatā, samīpatā vā veditabbā, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ekaṭṭhāne pātubhāvāyā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sakameva ācariyavāda</span>nti attano ācariyena pokkharasātinā kathitameva ācariyavādaṃ. <span class="bld">Thometvā paggaṇhitvā</span> ‘‘ayameva ujumaggo ayamañjasāyano’’ti pasaṃsitvā ukkaṃsitvā. <span class="bld">Bhāradvājopi</span> <a name="M1.0400"></a> <span class="bld">sakamevā</span>ti bhāradvājopi māṇavo attano ācariyena tārukkhena kathitameva ācariyavādaṃ thometvā paggaṇhitvā vicaratīti yojanā. <span class="bld">Tena vutta</span>nti tena yathā tathā vā abhiniviṭṭhabhāvena vuttaṃ pāḷiyaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para521-2"></a><a name="para521-2_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">521-2</span>. <span class="bld">Aniyyānikā vā</span>ti appāṭihāriyāva aññamaññassa vāde dosaṃ dassetvā aviparītatthadassanatthaṃ uttararahitā eva. Aññamaññassa vādassa ādito viruddhaggahaṇaṃ <span class="bld">viggaho,</span> sveva vivadanavasena aparāparaṃ uppanno <span class="bld">vivādo</span>ti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pubbuppattiko viggaho aparabhāge vivādo’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Duvidhopi eso</span> viggaho, vivādoti dvidhā vuttopi virodho. <span class="bld">Nānāācariyānaṃ vādato</span>ti nānārucikānaṃ ācariyānaṃ vādabhāvato. <span class="bld">Nānāvādo</span> nānāvidho vādoti katvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para523"></a><a name="para523_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">523</span>. <span class="bld">Ekassāpī</span>ti tumhesu dvīsu ekassāpi. <span class="bld">Ekasmi</span>nti sakavādaparavādesu ekasmimpi. <span class="bld">Saṃsayo natthī</span>ti ‘‘maggo nu kho, na maggo nu kho’’ti saṃsayo vicikicchā natthi. Añjasāyanabhāve pana saṃsayo. Tenāha ‘‘esa <a name="P1.0520"></a> kirā’’tiādi. Bhagavā pana yadi sabbattha maggasaññino, <span class="bld">evaṃ sati ‘‘kismiṃ vo viggaho’’ti pucchati</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para524"></a><a name="para524_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">524</span>. ‘‘Icchitaṭṭhānaṃ ujukaṃ maggati upagacchati etenāti maggo, ujumaggo. Tadañño amaggo’’ti vutto vāyamattho. <span class="bld">Sabbe te</span>ti sabbepi te nānāācariyehi vuttamaggā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ye pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘addhariyā brāhmaṇā’’tiādinā vuttā. Addharo nāma yaññaviseso, tadupayogibhāvato ‘‘addhariyā’’ tveva vuccanti yajūni, tāni sajjhāyantīti <span class="bld">addhariyā,</span> yajubbedino. Ye ca tittiriisinā kate mante sajjhāyanti, te<span class="bld"> tittiriyā,</span> yajubbedino eva. Yajubbedasākhā hesā, yadidaṃ tittiraṃ. Chando vuccati visesato sāmavedo, taṃ sarena kāyantīti <span class="bld">chandokā,</span> sāmavedino. <span class="bld">‘‘Chandogā’’</span>tipi paṭhanti, so evattho. Bahavo irayo etthāti bavhāri, irubbedo. Taṃ adhīyantīti <span class="bld">bavhārijjhā.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Bahūnī’’ti <a name="M1.0401"></a><a name="V1.0356"></a> etthāyaṃ upamāsaṃsandanā – yathā te nānāmaggā ekaṃsato tassa gāmassa vā nigamassa vā pavesāya honti, evaṃ brāhmaṇehi paññāpiyamānāpi nānāmaggā brahmalokūpagamanāya brahmunā sahabyatāya ekaṃseneva hontīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para527-529"></a><a name="para527-529_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">527-529</span>. <span class="bld">Va-kāro āgamasandhimatta</span>nti anatthako va-kāro, tena vaṇṇāgamena padantarasandhimattaṃ katanti attho. <span class="bld">Andhapaveṇī</span>ti andhapanti. <span class="bld">‘‘Paññāsasaṭṭhi andhā’’</span>ti idaṃ tassā andhapaveṇiyā mahato gacchagumbassa anuparigamanayogyatādassanaṃ. Evañhi te ‘‘suciraṃ velaṃ maggaṃ gacchāmā’’ti evaṃ saññino honti. <span class="bld">Nāmakaṃyevā</span>ti <a name="P1.0521"></a> atthābhāvato nāmamattaṃyeva, taṃ pana bhāsitaṃ tehi sārasaññitampi nāmamattatāya asārabhāvato nihīnamevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘lāmakaṃyevā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para530"></a><a name="para530_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">530</span>. <span class="bld">Yato</span>ti bhummatthe nissakkavacanaṃ, sāmaññajotanā ca visese avatiṭṭhatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yasmiṃ kāle’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Āyācantī</span>ti patthenti. Uggamanaṃ lokassa bahukārabhāvato tathā thomanāti. Ayaṃ kira brāhmaṇānaṃ laddhi ‘‘brāhmaṇānaṃ āyācanāya candimasūriyā gantvā loke obhāsaṃ karontī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para532"></a><a name="para532_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">532</span>. <span class="bld">Idha pana kiṃ vattabba</span>nti imasmiṃ pana appaccakkhabhūtassa brahmuno sahabyatāya maggadesane tevijjānaṃ kiṃ vattabbaṃ atthi, ye paccakkhabhūtānampi candimasūriyānaṃ sahabyatāya maggaṃ desetuṃ na sakkontīti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">‘‘Yatthā’’</span>ti ‘‘idha panā’’ti vuttamevatthaṃ paccāmasati.</p>
<p class="subhead">Aciravatīnadīupamākathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para542"></a><a name="para542_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">542</span>. <span class="bld">Samabharitā</span>ti sampuṇṇā. Tato eva <span class="bld">kākapeyyā. Pārā</span>ti paratīraṃ. <span class="bld">Apāra</span>nti orimatīraṃ. <span class="bld">Ehī</span>ti āgaccha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para544"></a><a name="para544_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">544</span>. <span class="bld">Pañcasīla…pe… veditabbā</span> yamaniyamādibrāhmaṇadhammānaṃ tadantogadhabhāvato. <span class="bld">Tabbiparītā</span>ti pañcasīlādiviparītā pañca verādayo. ‘‘Punapī’’ti vatvā <span class="bld">‘‘aparampī’’</span>ti vacanaṃ itarāyapi nadi upamāya saṅgaṇhanatthaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para546"></a><a name="para546_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">546</span>. <span class="bld">Kāmayitabbaṭṭhenā</span>ti <a name="V1.0357"></a> kāmanīyabhāvena. <span class="bld">Bandhanaṭṭhenā</span>ti teneva kāmetabbabhāvena sattānaṃ cittassa ābandhanabhāvena. Kāmañcāyaṃ <span class="bld">guṇa</span>-saddo <a name="M1.0402"></a> atthantaresupi diṭṭhappayogo, tesaṃ panettha asambhavato pārisesañāyena bandhanaṭṭheyeva yuttoti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘anujānāmī’’</span>tiādinā atthuddhāro āraddho, <span class="bld">esevā</span>ti bandhanaṭṭho eva. Na hi rūpādīnaṃ kāmetabbabhāve vuccamāne paṭalaṭṭho yujjati tathā kāmetabbatāya anadhippetattā. Rāsaṭṭhaānisaṃsaṭṭhesupi eseva <a name="P1.0522"></a> nayo tathāpi kāmetabbatāya anadhippetattā. Pārisesato pana bandhanaṭṭho gahito. Yadaggena hi nesaṃ kāmetabbatā, tadaggena bandhanabhāvo cāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Koṭṭhāsaṭṭhopi tesu yujjateva cakkhuviññeyyādikoṭṭhāsabhāvena nesaṃ kāmetabbato. Koṭṭhāse ca guṇa-saddo dissati ‘‘diguṇaṃ vaḍḍhetabba’’ntiādīsu, sampadāṭṭhopi –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Asaṅkhyeyyāni nāmāni, saguṇena mahesino;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Guṇena nāmamuddheyyaṃ, api nāmasahassato’’ti. (dha. sa. aṭṭha. 1313; udā. aṭṭha. 53; paṭi. ma. aṭṭha. 76);</p>
<p class="unindented">Ādīsu sopi idha na yujjatīti anuddhaṭo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cakkhuviññeyyā</span>ti cakkhuviññāṇena vijānitabbā, tena pana vijānanaṃ dassanamevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘passitabbā’’</span>ti. ‘‘Sotaviññāṇena sotabbā’’ti evamādi <span class="bld">etenupāyenā</span>ti atidisati. Gavesitampi ‘‘iṭṭha’’nti vuccati, taṃ idha nādhippetanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pariyiṭṭhā vā hontu mā vā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Iṭṭhārammaṇabhūtā</span>ti sukhārammaṇabhūtā. <span class="bld">Kāmanīyā</span>ti kāmetabbā. Iṭṭhabhāvena manaṃ appāyantīti <span class="bld">manāpā. Piyajātikā</span>ti piyasabhāvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gedhenā</span>ti lobhena abhibhūtā hutvā pañcakāmaguṇe paribhuñjantīti yojanā. <span class="bld">Mucchākāra</span>nti mohanākāraṃ. <span class="bld">Adhiosannā</span>ti adhiggayha ajjhosāya avasannā, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ogāḷhā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Pariniṭṭhānappattā</span>ti gilitvā pariniṭṭhāpanavasena pariniṭṭhānaṃ upagatā. <span class="bld">Ādīnava</span>nti kāmaparibhoge sampati, āyatiñca dosaṃ <span class="bld">apassantā.</span> Ghāsacchādanādisambhoganimittasaṃkilesato nissaranti apagacchanti etenāti nissaraṇaṃ, yoniso paccavekkhitvā tesaṃ paribhogapaññā. Tadabhāvato <span class="bld">anissaraṇapaññā</span>ti imamatthaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘idametthā’’</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para548-9"></a><a name="para548-9_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">548-9</span>. <span class="bld">Āvarantī</span>ti <a name="M1.0403"></a><a name="V1.0358"></a><a name="P1.0523"></a> kusalappavattiṃ āditova nivārenti. <span class="bld">Nivārentī</span>ti niravasesato vārayanti. <span class="bld">Onandhantī</span>ti ogāhantā viya chādenti. <span class="bld">Pariyonandhantī</span>ti sabbaso chādenti. <span class="bld">Āvaraṇādīnaṃ vasenā</span>ti āvaraṇādiatthānaṃ vasena. Te hi āsevanabalavatāya purimapurimehi pacchimapacchimā daḷhataratamādibhāvappattā vuttā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Saṃsandanakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para550"></a><a name="para550_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">550</span>. Itthipariggahe sati purisassa pañcakāmaguṇapariggaho paripuṇṇo eva hotīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sapariggahoti itthipariggahena sapariggaho’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">‘‘Itthipariggahena apariggaho’’</span>ti ca idaṃ tevijjabrāhmaṇesu dissamānapariggahānaṃ duṭṭhullatamapariggahābhāvadassanaṃ. Evaṃbhūtānaṃ tevijjānaṃ brāhmaṇānaṃ kā brahmunā saṃsandanā, brahmā pana sabbena sabbaṃ apariggahoti. <span class="bld">Veracittena avero,</span> kuto etassa verappayogoti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Cittagelaññasaṅkhātenā</span>ti cittuppādagelaññasaññitena, tenassa sabbarūpakāyagelaññabhāvo vutto hoti. <span class="bld">Byāpajjhenā</span>ti dukkhena. <span class="bld">Uddhaccakukkuccādīhī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena tadekaṭṭhā saṃkilesadhammā saṅgayhanti. Appaṭipattihetubhūtāya vicikicchāya sati na kadāci cittaṃ purisassa vase vattati, pahīnāya pana siyā vasavattananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vicikicchāya abhāvato cittaṃ vase vattetī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Cittagatikā</span>ti cittavasikā, tenāha <span class="bld">cittassa vase vattantī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Na tādiso</span>ti brāhmaṇā viya cittavasiko na hoti, atha kho vasībhūtajjhānābhiññatāya cittaṃ attano vase vattetīti <span class="bld">vasavattī.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para552"></a><a name="para552_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">552</span>. <span class="bld">Brahmalokamagge</span>ti brahmalokagāmimagge paṭipajjitabbe, paññapetabbe vā, taṃ paññapentāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Upagantvā</span>ti amaggameva ‘‘maggo’’ti micchāpaṭipajjanena upagantvā, paṭijānitvā vā. <span class="bld">Paṅkaṃ otiṇṇā viyā</span>ti matthake ekaṅgulaṃ vā upaḍḍhaṅgulaṃ vā sukkhatāya ‘‘samatala’’nti saññāya anekaporisaṃ mahāpaṅkaṃ <a name="P1.0524"></a> otiṇṇā viya. <span class="bld">Anuppavisantī</span>ti apāyamaggaṃ brahmalokamaggasaññāya ogāhayanti. Tato eva <span class="bld">saṃsīditvā visādaṃ pāpuṇanti. Eva</span>nti ‘‘samatala’’ntiādinā vuttanayena. <span class="bld">Saṃsīditvā</span>ti nimmujjitvā. <span class="bld">Sukkhataraṇaṃ maññe tarantī</span>ti sukkhanaditaraṇaṃ taranti maññe. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā tevijjā amaggameva ‘‘maggo’’ti upagantvā saṃsīdanti, tasmā. <span class="bld">Yathā</span> <a name="M1.0404"></a> <span class="bld">te</span>ti yathā te ‘‘samatala’’nti saññāya paṅkaṃ otiṇṇā. <span class="bld">Idheva cā</span>ti imasmiñca attabhāve. <span class="bld">Sukhaṃ vā sātaṃ vā na labhantī</span>ti jhānasukhaṃ vā vipassanāsātaṃ vā na labhanti, kuto maggasukhaṃ vā nibbānasātaṃ vāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Maggadīpaka</span>nti maggadīpakābhimataṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Iriṇa’’</span>nti araññāniyā idaṃ adhivacananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘agāmakaṃ mahārañña’’</span>nti<a name="V1.0359"></a>. Migaruruādīnampi <span class="bld">anupabhogarukkhehi. Parivattitumpi na sakkā honti</span> mahākaṇṭakatāya. Ñātīnaṃ byasanaṃ vināso <span class="bld">ñātibyasanaṃ. </span> Evaṃ <span class="bld">bhogasīlabyasanāni</span> veditabbāni. Rogo eva byasati vibādhatīti <span class="bld">rogabyasanaṃ.</span> Evaṃ <span class="bld">diṭṭhibyasana</span>mpi daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para554"></a><a name="para554_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">554</span>. <span class="bld">Jātasaṃvaḍḍho</span>ti jāto hutvā saṃvaḍḍhito. <span class="bld">Na sabbaso paccakkhā honti</span> paricayābhāvato. <span class="bld">Ciranikkhanto</span>ti nikkhanto hutvā cirakālo. <span class="bld">Dandhāyitatta</span>nti vissajjane mandattaṃ saṇikavutti, taṃ pana saṃsayavasena cirāyanaṃ nāma <a name="P1.0525"></a> hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kaṅkhāvasena cirāyitatta’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Vitthāyitatta</span>nti sārajjitattaṃ. Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ pana vitthāyitattaṃ nāma chambhitattanti adhippāyena <span class="bld">‘‘thaddhabhāvaggahaṇa’’</span>nti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para555"></a><a name="para555_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">555</span>. <span class="bld">U</span>-iti upasaggayoge <span class="bld">lumpa</span>-saddo uddharaṇattho hotīti <span class="bld">‘‘ullumpatū’’</span>ti padassa <span class="bld">uddharatū</span>ti atthamāha. Upasaggavasena hi dhātu-saddā atthavisesavuttino honti yathā ‘‘uddharatū’’ti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Brahmalokamaggadesanāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para556"></a><a name="para556_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">556</span>. Yassa atisayena balaṃ atthi, so <span class="bld">‘‘balavā’’</span>ti vuttoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘balasampanno’’</span>ti. Saṅkhaṃ dhamayatīti <span class="bld">saṅkhadhamako,</span> taṃ dhamayitvā tato saddapavattako. <span class="bld">Appanāva vaṭṭati</span> paṭipakkhato sammadeva cetaso vimuttibhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pamāṇakataṃ kammaṃ nāma kāmāvacaraṃ</span> pamāṇakarānaṃ saṃkilesadhammānaṃ avikkhambhanato. Tathā hi taṃ brahmavihārapubbabhāgabhūtaṃ pamāṇaṃ atikkamitvā odissakaanodissakadisāpharaṇavasena vaḍḍhetuṃ na sakkā. Vuttavipariyāyato pana <span class="bld">appamāṇakataṃ kammaṃ nāma rūpārūpāvacaraṃ,</span> tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tañhī’’</span>tiādi. Tattha arūpāvacare odissakānodissakavasena pharaṇaṃ na labbhati, tathā disāpharaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Keci <a name="M1.0405"></a> pana taṃ āgamanavasena labbhatīti vadanti, tadayuttaṃ. Na hi brahmavihāranissando āruppaṃ, atha kho kasiṇanissando, tasmā yaṃ suvibhāvitaṃ vasībhāvaṃ pāpitaṃ āruppaṃ, taṃ <span class="bld">‘‘appamāṇakata’’</span>nti vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Yaṃ vā sātisayaṃ brahmavihārabhāvanāya abhisaṅkhatena santānena nibbattitaṃ, yañca brahmavihārasamāpattito vuṭṭhāya samāpannaṃ arūpāvacarajjhānaṃ, taṃ iminā <a name="V1.0360"></a> pariyāyena pharaṇappamāṇavasena <a name="P1.0526"></a> <span class="bld">appamāṇakata</span>nti vattuṃ vaṭṭatīti apare. Vīmaṃsitvā gahetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rūpāvacarārūpāvacarakamme</span>ti rūpāvacarakamme, arūpāvacarakamme ca sati. <span class="bld">Na ohīyati na tiṭṭhatī</span>ti katūpacitampi kāmāvacarakammaṃ yathādhigate mahaggatajjhāne aparihīne taṃ abhibhavitvā paṭibāhitvā sayaṃ ohīyakaṃ hutvā paṭisandhiṃ dātuṃ samatthabhāve na tiṭṭhati. <span class="bld">Laggitu</span>nti āvarituṃ nisedhetuṃ. <span class="bld">Ṭhātu</span>nti paṭibalo hutvā ṭhātuṃ. <span class="bld">Pharitvā</span>ti paṭippharitvā. <span class="bld">Pariyādiyitvā</span>ti tassa sāmatthiyaṃ khepetvā. Kammassa pariyādiyanaṃ nāma tassa vipākuppādanaṃ nisedhetvā attano vipākuppādananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tassa vipākaṃ paṭibāhitvā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Evaṃ mettādivihārī</span>ti evaṃ vuttānaṃ mettādīnaṃ brahmavihārānaṃ vasena mettādivihārī.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para559"></a><a name="para559_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">559</span>. <span class="bld">Aggaññasutte…pe… alatthu</span>nti aggaññasutte āgatanayena upasampadañceva arahattañca alatthuṃ paṭilabhiṃsu. Sesaṃ suviññeyyameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Tevijjasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā.</p>
<p class="centered">Niṭṭhitā ca terasasuttapaṭimaṇḍitassa sīlakkhandhavaggassa atthavaṇṇanāya</p>
<p class="centered">Līnatthappakāsanāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Sīlakkhandhavaggaṭīkā niṭṭhitā.</p>
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