iapt-platform
/
mint
espejo de https://github.com/iapt-platform/mint.git


			
				
					
						
						
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<p class="centered"> Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa</p>
<p class="nikaya">Khuddakanikāye</p>
<p class="book">Paṭisambhidāmagga-aṭṭhakathā</p>
<p class="title">(Paṭhamo bhāgo)</p>
<p class="subsubhead">Ganthārambhakathā</p>
<p class="gatha1">Yo <a name="V1.0001"></a><a name="P1.0001"></a><a name="M1.0001"></a> sabbalokātigasabbasobhā-</p>
<p class="gatha2">Yuttehi sabbehi guṇehi yutto;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Dosehi sabbehi savāsanehi,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Mutto vimuttiṃ paramañca dātā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Niccaṃ dayācandanasītacitto,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Paññāravijjotitasabbaneyyo;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Sabbesu bhūtesu tamaggabhūtaṃ,</p>
<p class="gathalast"><span class="bld">Bhūtatthanāthaṃ</span> sirasā namitvā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Yo <a name="V1.0002"></a> sabbabhūtesu munīva aggo, anantasaṅkhesu jinattajesu;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Ahū dayāñāṇaguṇehi satthulīlānukārī janatāhitesu.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Taṃ <span class="bld">sāriputtaṃ</span> munirājaputtaṃ, theraṃ thirānekaguṇābhirāmaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Paññāpabhāvuggatacārukittiṃ, susantavuttiñca atho namitvā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Saddhammacakkānupavattakena<a name="M1.0002"></a>, saddhammasenāpatisāvakena;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Suttesu vuttesu tathāgatena, bhūtatthavedittamupāgatena.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Yo <a name="P1.0002"></a> bhāsito bhāsitakovidena, dhammappadīpujjalanāyakena;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Pāṭho visiṭṭho paṭisambhidānaṃ, maggoti tannāmavisesito ca.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Vicittanānattanayopagūḷho, gambhīrapaññehi sadāvagāḷho;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Attatthalokatthaparāyaṇehi, saṃsevanīyo sujanehi niccaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Ñāṇappabhedāvahanassa tassa, yogīhinekehi nisevitassa;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Atthaṃ apubbaṃ anuvaṇṇayanto, suttañca yuttiñca anukkamanto.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Avokkamanto samayā sakā ca, anāmasanto samayaṃ parañca;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Pubbopadesaṭṭhakathānayañca, yathānurūpaṃ upasaṃharanto.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Vakkhāmahaṃ aṭṭhakathaṃ janassa, hitāya saddhammaciraṭṭhitatthaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sakkacca <span class="bld">saddhammapakāsiniṃ</span> taṃ, suṇātha dhāretha ca sādhu santoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">paṭisambhidānaṃ maggoti tannāmavisesito cā</span>ti vuttattā paṭisambhidāmaggassa paṭisambhidāmaggatā tāva vattabbā. Catasso hi paṭisambhidā – atthapaṭisambhidā, dhammapaṭisambhidā, niruttipaṭisambhidā, paṭibhānapaṭisambhidāti. Tāsaṃ paṭisambhidānaṃ maggo adhigamūpāyoti paṭisambhidāmaggo, paṭisambhidāpaṭilābhahetūti vuttaṃ hoti. Kathamayaṃ tāsaṃ maggo hotīti ce? Pabhedato desitāya desanāya paṭisambhidāñāṇāvahattā. Nānābhedabhinnānañhi <a name="P1.0003"></a><a name="M1.0003"></a> dhammānaṃ nānābhedabhinnā desanā sotūnaṃ ariyapuggalānaṃ paṭisambhidāñāṇappabhedañca <a name="V1.0003"></a> sañjaneti, puthujjanānaṃ āyatiṃ paṭisambhidāñāṇappabhedāya ca paccayo hoti. Vuttañca – ‘‘pabhedato hi desanā ghanavinibbhogapaṭisambhidāñāṇāvahā hotī’’ti (dha. sa. aṭṭha. 1.kāmāvacarakusalapadabhājanīya). Ayañca nānābhedabhinnā desanā, tenassā paṭisambhidānaṃ maggattasiddhi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">catasso</span>ti gaṇanaparicchedo. <span class="bld">Paṭisambhidā</span>ti pabhedā. ‘‘Atthe ñāṇaṃ atthapaṭisambhidā, dhamme ñāṇaṃ dhammapaṭisambhidā, tatra dhammaniruttābhilāpe ñāṇaṃ niruttipaṭisambhidā, ñāṇesu ñāṇaṃ paṭibhānapaṭisambhidā’’ti (vibha. 718) vuttattā na aññassa kassaci pabhedā, ñāṇasseva pabhedā. Tasmā ‘‘catasso paṭisambhidā’’ti cattāro ñāṇappabhedāti attho. Atthappabhedassa sallakkhaṇavibhāvanavavatthānakaraṇasamatthaṃ atthe pabhedagataṃ ñāṇaṃ <span class="bld">atthapaṭisambhidā</span>. Dhammappabhedassa sallakkhaṇavibhāvanavavatthānakaraṇasamatthaṃ dhamme pabhedagataṃ ñāṇaṃ <span class="bld">dhammapaṭisambhidā</span>. Niruttippabhedassa sallakkhaṇavibhāvanavavatthānakaraṇasamatthaṃ niruttābhilāpe pabhedagataṃ ñāṇaṃ <span class="bld">niruttipaṭisambhidā</span>. Paṭibhānappabhedassa sallakkhaṇavibhāvanavavatthānakaraṇasamatthaṃ paṭibhāne pabhedagataṃ ñāṇaṃ <span class="bld">paṭibhānapaṭisambhidā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">attho</span>ti saṅkhepato hetuphalaṃ. Tañhi yasmā hetuanusārena arīyati adhigamīyati pāpuṇīyati, tasmā atthoti vuccati. Pabhedato pana yaṃkiñci paccayasamuppannaṃ, nibbānaṃ, bhāsitattho, vipāko, kiriyāti ime pañca dhammā atthoti veditabbā. Taṃ atthaṃ paccavekkhantassa tasmiṃ atthe pabhedagataṃ ñāṇaṃ atthapaṭisambhidā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dhammo</span>ti saṅkhepato paccayo. So hi yasmā taṃ taṃ vidahati pavatteti ceva pāpeti ca, tasmā dhammoti vuccati. Pabhedato pana yo koci phalanibbattako hetu, ariyamaggo, bhāsitaṃ, kusalaṃ, akusalanti ime pañca dhammā dhammoti <a name="P1.0004"></a> veditabbā. Taṃ dhammaṃ paccavekkhantassa tasmiṃ dhamme pabhedagataṃ ñāṇaṃ dhammapaṭisambhidā. Ayameva hi attho abhidhamme (vibha. 719-725) –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Dukkhe ñāṇaṃ atthapaṭisambhidā, dukkhasamudaye ñāṇaṃ dhammapaṭisambhidā, dukkhanirodhe ñāṇaṃ atthapaṭisambhidā, dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ñāṇaṃ <a name="M1.0004"></a> dhammapaṭisambhidā. Hetumhi ñāṇaṃ dhammapaṭisambhidā, hetuphale ñāṇaṃ atthapaṭisambhidā.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Ye <a name="V1.0004"></a> dhammā jātā bhūtā sañjātā nibbattā abhinibbattā pātubhūtā, imesu dhammesu ñāṇaṃ atthapaṭisambhidā, yamhā dhammā te dhammā jātā bhūtā sañjātā nibbattā abhinibbattā pātubhūtā, tesu dhammesu ñāṇaṃ dhammapaṭisambhidā.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Jarāmaraṇe ñāṇaṃ atthapaṭisambhidā, jarāmaraṇasamudaye ñāṇaṃ dhammapaṭisambhidā, jarāmaraṇanirodhe ñāṇaṃ atthapaṭisambhidā, jarāmaraṇanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ñāṇaṃ dhammapaṭisambhidā.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Jātiyā ñāṇaṃ…pe… bhave ñāṇaṃ…pe… upādāne ñāṇaṃ…pe… taṇhāya ñāṇaṃ…pe… vedanāya ñāṇaṃ…pe… phasse ñāṇaṃ….pe… saḷāyatane ñāṇaṃ….pe… nāmarūpe ñāṇaṃ…pe… viññāṇe ñāṇaṃ…pe… saṅkhāresu ñāṇaṃ atthapaṭisambhidā, saṅkhārasamudaye ñāṇaṃ dhammapaṭisambhidā, saṅkhāranirodhe ñāṇaṃ atthapaṭisambhidā, saṅkhāranirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ñāṇaṃ dhammapaṭisambhidā.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Idha bhikkhu dhammaṃ jānāti – suttaṃ geyyaṃ veyyākaraṇaṃ gāthaṃ udānaṃ itivuttakaṃ jātakaṃ abbhutadhammaṃ vedallaṃ. Ayaṃ vuccati dhammapaṭisambhidā. So tassa tasseva bhāsitassa atthaṃ jānāti ‘ayaṃ imassa bhāsitassa attho, ayaṃ imassa bhāsitassa attho’ti. Ayaṃ vuccati atthapaṭisambhidā.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Katame dhammā kusalā? Yasmiṃ samaye kāmāvacaraṃ kusalaṃ cittaṃ uppannaṃ hoti somanassasahagataṃ ñāṇasampayuttaṃ rūpārammaṇaṃ vā…pe… dhammārammaṇaṃ vā yaṃ yaṃ vā panārabbha tasmiṃ samaye phasso hoti…pe… avikkhepo hoti. Ime dhammā kusalā. Imesu <a name="P1.0005"></a> dhammesu ñāṇaṃ dhammapaṭisambhidā, tesaṃ vipāke ñāṇaṃ atthapaṭisambhidā’’tiādinā nayena vibhajitvā vibhajitvā dassito.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tatra dhammaniruttābhilāpe ñāṇa</span>nti tasmiṃ atthe ca dhamme ca yā sabhāvanirutti abyabhicārivohāro, tassa abhilāpe bhāsane udīraṇe <a name="M1.0005"></a> taṃ lapitaṃ bhāsitaṃ udīritaṃ sabhāvaniruttisaddaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā paccavekkhantassa tasmiṃ sabhāvaniruttābhilāpe ‘‘ayaṃ sabhāvanirutti, ayaṃ na sabhāvaniruttī’’ti evaṃ tassā dhammaniruttisaññitāya sabhāvaniruttiyā māgadhikāya sabbasattānaṃ mūlabhāsāya pabhedagataṃ ñāṇaṃ niruttipaṭisambhidā. Evamayaṃ <a name="V1.0005"></a> niruttipaṭisambhidā saddārammaṇā nāma jātā, na paññattiārammaṇā. Kasmā? Yasmā saddaṃ sutvā ‘‘ayaṃ sabhāvanirutti, ayaṃ na sabhāvaniruttī’’ti jānāti. Paṭisambhidāppatto hi ‘‘phasso’’ti vutte ‘‘ayaṃ sabhāvaniruttī’’ti jānāti, ‘‘phassā’’ti vā ‘‘phassa’’nti vā vutte pana ‘‘ayaṃ na sabhāvaniruttī’’ti jānāti. Vedanādīsupi eseva nayo. Aññaṃ panesa nāmākhyātaupasagganipātabyañjanasaddaṃ jānāti na jānātīti? Yadaggena saddaṃ sutvā ‘‘ayaṃ sabhāvanirutti, ayaṃ na sabhāvaniruttī’’ti jānāti, tadaggena tampi jānissati. Taṃ pana nayidaṃ paṭisambhidākiccanti paṭikkhipitvā ‘‘bhāsaṃ nāma sattā uggaṇhantī’’ti vatvā idaṃ kathitaṃ – mātāpitaro hi daharakāle kumārake mañce vā pīṭhe vā nipajjāpetvā taṃ taṃ kathayamānā tāni tāni kiccāni karonti, dārakā tesaṃ taṃ taṃ bhāsaṃ vavatthāpenti ‘‘iminā idaṃ vuttaṃ, iminā idaṃ vutta’’nti. Gacchante gacchante kāle sabbampi bhāsaṃ jānanti. Mātā damiḷī, pitā andhako. Tesaṃ jātadārako sace mātu kathaṃ paṭhamaṃ suṇāti<a name="P1.0006"></a>, damiḷabhāsaṃ bhāsissati. Sace pitu kathaṃ paṭhamaṃ suṇāti, andhakabhāsaṃ bhāsissati. Ubhinnampi pana kathaṃ asuṇanto māgadhikabhāsaṃ bhāsissati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yopi agāmake mahāaraññe nibbatto, tattha añño kathento nāma natthi, sopi attano dhammatāya vacanaṃ samuṭṭhāpento māgadhikabhāsameva bhāsissati. Niraye tiracchānayoniyaṃ pettivisaye manussaloke devaloketi sabbattha māgadhikabhāsāva ussannā. Tattha sesā oṭṭakirātaandhakayonakadamiḷabhāsādikā bhāsā parivattanti. Ayamevekā yathābhuccabrahmavohāraariyavohārasaṅkhātā māgadhikabhāsā na parivattati. Sammāsambuddhopi tepiṭakaṃ buddhavacanaṃ tantiṃ āropento māgadhikabhāsāya eva āropesi. Kasmā? Evañhi atthaṃ āharituṃ sukhaṃ hoti. Māgadhikabhāsāya hi tantiṃ āruḷhassa buddhavacanassa paṭisambhidāppattānaṃ sotapathāgamanameva papañco<a name="M1.0006"></a>. Sote pana saṅghaṭṭitamatteyeva nayasatena nayasahassena attho upaṭṭhāti. Aññāya pana bhāsāya tantiṃ āruḷhakaṃ pothetvā pothetvā uggahetabbaṃ hoti. Bahumpi uggahetvā pana puthujjanassa paṭisambhidāppatti nāma natthi, ariyasāvako no paṭisambhidāppatto nāma natthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ñāṇesu ñāṇa</span>nti sabbatthakañāṇamārammaṇaṃ katvā paccavekkhantassa tasmiṃ ñāṇe pabhedagataṃ ñāṇaṃ, yathāvuttesu vā tesu tīsu ñāṇesu gocarakiccādivasena vitthāragataṃ ñāṇaṃ paṭibhānapaṭisambhidā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Imā pana catasso paṭisambhidā dvīsu ṭhānesu pabhedaṃ gacchanti, pañcahi kāraṇehi visadā <a name="V1.0006"></a> hontīti veditabbā. Katamesu dvīsu ṭhānesu pabhedaṃ gacchanti? Sekkhabhūmiyañca asekkhabhūmiyañca. Tattha sāriputtattherassa mahāmoggallānattherassa mahākassapattherassa mahākaccāyanattherassa mahākoṭṭhitattherassāti evamādīnaṃ asītiyāpi mahātherānaṃ paṭisambhidā asekkhabhūmiyaṃ pabhedaṃ gatā, ānandattherassa, cittassa gahapatino, dhammikassa upāsakassa, upālissa gahapatino, khujjuttarāya upāsikāyātievamādīnaṃ <a name="P1.0007"></a> paṭisambhidā sekkhabhūmiyaṃ pabhedaṃ gatāti imāsu dvīsu bhūmīsu pabhedaṃ gacchanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Katamehi pañcahi kāraṇehi visadā honti? Adhigamena, pariyattiyā, savanena, paripucchāya, pubbayogena. Tattha <span class="bld">adhigamo</span> nāma arahattappatti. Arahattañhi pattassa paṭisambhidā visadā honti. <span class="bld">Pariyatti</span> nāma buddhavacanaṃ. Tañhi uggaṇhantassa paṭisambhidā visadā honti. <span class="bld">Savanaṃ</span> nāma saddhammassavanaṃ. Sakkaccaṃ aṭṭhiṃ katvā dhammaṃ suṇantassa hi paṭisambhidā visadā honti. <span class="bld">Paripucchā</span> nāma pāḷiaṭṭhakathādīsu gaṇṭhipadaatthapadavinicchayakathā. Uggahitapāḷiādīsu hi atthaṃ paripucchantassa paṭisambhidā visadā honti. <span class="bld">Pubbayogo</span> nāma pubbabuddhānaṃ sāsane yogāvacaratā gatapaccāgatikabhāvena yāva anulomagotrabhusamīpaṃ pattavipassanānuyogo. Pubbayogāvacarassa hi paṭisambhidā visadā honti. Imehi pañcahi kāraṇehi visadā hontīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Etesu pana kāraṇesu pariyatti savanaṃ paripucchāti imāni tīṇi pabhedasseva balavakāraṇāni. Pubbayogo adhigamassa balavapaccayo, pabhedassa <a name="M1.0007"></a> hoti na hotīti? Hoti, na pana tathā. Pariyattisavanaparipucchā hi pubbe hontu vā mā vā, pubbayogena pana pubbe ceva etarahi ca saṅkhārasammasanaṃ vinā paṭisambhidā nāma natthi. Ime pana dvepi ekato hutvā paṭisambhidā upatthambhetvā visadā karontīti. Apare āhu –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Pubbayogo bāhusaccaṃ, desabhāsā ca āgamo;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Paripucchā adhigamo, garusannissayo tathā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Mittasampatti cevāti, paṭisambhidapaccayā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">pubbayogo</span> vuttanayova. <span class="bld">Bāhusaccaṃ</span> nāma tesu tesu satthesu ca sippāyatanesu ca kusalatā. <span class="bld">Desabhāsā</span> nāma <a name="P1.0008"></a> ekasatavohārakusalatā, visesena pana māgadhike kosallaṃ. <span class="bld">Āgamo</span> nāma antamaso opammavaggamattassapi buddhavacanassa pariyāpuṇanaṃ. <span class="bld">Paripucchā</span> nāma ekagāthāyapi <a name="V1.0007"></a> atthavinicchayapucchanaṃ. <span class="bld">Adhigamo</span> nāma sotāpannatā vā sakadāgāmitā vā anāgāmitā vā arahattaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Garusannissayo</span> nāma sutapaṭibhānabahulānaṃ garūnaṃ santike vāso. <span class="bld">Mittasampatti</span> nāma tathārūpānaṃyeva mittānaṃ paṭilābhoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha buddhā ca paccekabuddhā ca pubbayogañceva adhigamañca nissāya paṭisambhidā pāpuṇanti, sāvakā sabbānipi etāni kāraṇāni. Paṭisambhidāppattiyā ca pāṭiyekko kammaṭṭhānabhāvanānuyogo nāma natthi, sekkhānaṃ pana sekkhaphalavimokkhantikā, asekkhānaṃ asekkhaphalavimokkhantikā ca paṭisambhidāppatti hoti. Tathāgatānañhi dasa balāni viya ariyānaṃ ariyaphaleheva paṭisambhidā ijjhantīti. Imāsaṃ catassannaṃ paṭisambhidānaṃ maggoti paṭisambhidāmaggo, paṭisambhidāmaggo eva pakaraṇaṃ paṭisambhidāmaggappakaraṇaṃ, pakārena karīyante vuccante ettha nānābhedabhinnā gambhīrā atthā iti pakaraṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tadetaṃ paṭisambhidāmaggappakaraṇaṃ atthasampannaṃ byañjanasampannaṃ gambhīraṃ gambhīratthaṃ lokuttarappakāsanaṃ suññatāpaṭisaññuttaṃ paṭipattiphalavisesasādhanaṃ paṭipattipaṭipakkhapaṭisedhanaṃ <a name="M1.0008"></a> yogāvacarānaṃ ñāṇavararatanākarabhūtaṃ dhammakathikānaṃ dhammakathāvilāsavisesahetubhūtaṃ saṃsārabhīrukānaṃ dukkhanissaraṇaṃ tadupāyadassanena assāsajananatthaṃ tappaṭipakkhanāsanatthañca gambhīratthānañca anekesaṃ suttantapadānaṃ atthavivaraṇena <a name="P1.0009"></a> sujanahadayaparitosajananatthaṃ tathāgatena arahatā sammāsambuddhena sabbattha appaṭihatasabbaññutaññāṇamahāpadīpāvabhāsena sakalajanavitthatamahākaruṇāsinehasiniddhahadayena veneyyajanahadayagatakilesandhakāravidhamanatthamujjalitassa saddhammamahāpadīpassa tadadhippāyavikāsanasinehaparisekena pañcavassasahassamaviratamujjalanamicchatā lokānukampakena satthukappena dhammarājassa dhammasenāpatinā āyasmatā sāriputtattherena bhāsitaṃ sutvā āyasmatā ānandena paṭhamamahāsaṅgītikāle yathāsutameva saṅgītiṃ āropitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tadetaṃ vinayapiṭakaṃ suttantapiṭakaṃ abhidhammapiṭakanti tīsu piṭakesu suttantapiṭakapariyāpannaṃ. Dīghanikāyo majjhimanikāyo saṃyuttanikāyo aṅguttaranikāyo khuddakanikāyoti pañcasu mahānikāyesu khuddakamahānikāyapariyāpannaṃ. Suttaṃ geyyaṃ veyyākaraṇaṃ gāthā udānaṃ itivuttakaṃ jātakaṃ abbhutadhammaṃ vedallanti navasu satthu sāsanaṅgesu yathāsambhavaṃ geyyaveyyākaraṇaṅgadvayasaṅgahitaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Dvāsīti <a name="V1.0008"></a> buddhato gaṇhiṃ, dve sahassāni bhikkhuto;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Caturāsīti sahassāni, ye me dhammā pavattino’’ti. (theragā. 1027) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Dhammabhaṇḍāgārikattherena pana pañcasu ṭhānesu etadaggaṃ āropitena paṭiññātānaṃ caturāsītiyā dhammakkhandhasahassānaṃ bhikkhuto gahitesu dvīsu dhammakkhandhasahassesu anekasatadhammakkhandhasaṅgahitaṃ. Tassa tayo vaggā – mahāvaggo, majjhimavaggo, cūḷavaggoti. Ekekasmiṃ vaggasmiṃ dasadasakaṃ katvā ñāṇakathādikā mātikākathāpariyosānā samatiṃsa kathā. Evamanekadhā vavatthāpitassa imassa paṭisambhidāmaggappakaraṇassa anupubbaṃ apubbapadatthavaṇṇanaṃ <a name="P1.0010"></a> karissāma. Imañhi pakaraṇaṃ pāṭhato atthato uddisantena ca niddisantena ca sakkaccaṃ uddisitabbaṃ niddisitabbañca, uggaṇhantenāpi sakkaccaṃ <a name="M1.0009"></a> uggahetabbaṃ dhāretabbañca. Taṃ kissahetu? Gambhīrattā imassa pakaraṇassa lokahitāya loke ciraṭṭhitatthaṃ.</p>
<p class="indent">Tattha samatiṃsāya kathāsu ñāṇakathā kasmā ādito kathitāti ce? Ñāṇassa paṭipattimalavisodhakattena paṭipattiyā ādibhūtattā. Vuttañhi bhagavatā –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Tasmātiha tvaṃ bhikkhu, ādimeva visodhehi kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ. Ko cādi kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ, sīlañca suvisuddhaṃ diṭṭhi ca ujukā’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.369)?</p>
<p class="unindented">Ujukā diṭṭhīti hi sammādiṭṭhisaṅkhātaṃ ñāṇaṃ vuttaṃ. Tasmāpi ñāṇakathā ādito kathitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparampi vuttaṃ –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Tatra, bhikkhave, sammādiṭṭhi pubbaṅgamā hoti. Kathañca, bhikkhave, sammādiṭṭhi pubbaṅgamā hoti? Sammādiṭṭhiṃ ‘sammādiṭṭhī’ti pajānāti, micchādiṭṭhiṃ ‘micchādiṭṭhī’ti pajānāti. Sāssa hoti sammādiṭṭhi. Sammāsaṅkappaṃ ‘sammāsaṅkappo’ti <a name="V1.0009"></a> pajānāti, micchāsaṅkappaṃ ‘micchāsaṅkappo’ti pajānāti. Sammāvācaṃ ‘sammāvācā’ti pajānāti, micchāvācaṃ ‘micchāvācā’ti pajānāti. Sammākammantaṃ ‘sammākammanto’ti pajānāti, micchākammantaṃ ‘micchākammanto’ti pajānāti. Sammāājīvaṃ ‘sammāājīvo’ti pajānāti, micchāājīvaṃ ‘micchāājīvo’ti pajānāti. Sammāvāyāmaṃ ‘sammāvāyāmo’ti pajānāti, micchāvāyāmaṃ ‘micchāvāyāmo’ti pajānāti. Sammāsatiṃ ‘sammāsatī’ti pajānāti, micchāsatiṃ ‘micchāsatī’ti pajānāti. Sammāsamādhiṃ ‘sammāsamādhī’ti pajānāti, micchāsamādhiṃ ‘micchāsamādhī’ti pajānāti. Sāssa hoti sammādiṭṭhī’’ti (ma. ni. 3.136 ādayo).</p>
<p class="unindented">Pubbaṅgamabhūtāya hi sammādiṭṭhiyā siddhāya micchādiṭṭhīnampi micchādiṭṭhibhāvaṃ jānissatīti sammādiṭṭhisaṅkhātaṃ ñāṇaṃ tāva sodhetuṃ ñāṇakathā ādito kathitā.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Apicudāyi<a name="M1.0010"></a>, tiṭṭhatu pubbanto, tiṭṭhatu aparanto, dhammaṃ <a name="P1.0011"></a> te desessāmi – imasmiṃ sati idaṃ hoti, imassuppādā idaṃ uppajjati, imasmiṃ asati idaṃ na hoti, imassa nirodhā idaṃ nirujjhatī’’ti (ma. ni. 2.271) ca –</p>
<p class="unindented">Pubbantāparantadiṭṭhiyo ṭhapetvā ñāṇasseva vuttattā ñāṇakathā ādito kathitā.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Alaṃ, subhadda, tiṭṭhatetaṃ ‘sabbe te sakāya paṭiññāya abbhaññiṃsu, sabbeva na abbhaññiṃsu, udāhu ekacce abbhaññiṃsu, ekacce na abbhaññiṃsū’ti. Dhammaṃ te, subhadda, desessāmi, taṃ suṇāhi sādhukaṃ manasikarohi, bhāsissāmī’’ti (dī. ni. 2.213) ca –</p>
<p class="unindented">Puthusamaṇabrāhmaṇaparappavādānaṃ vāde ṭhapetvā ariyassa aṭṭhaṅgikassa maggassa desitattā, aṭṭhaṅgike ca magge sammādiṭṭhisaṅkhātassa ñāṇassa padhānattā ñāṇakathā ādito kathitā.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Cattārimāni, bhikkhave, sotāpattiyaṅgāni sappurisasaṃsevo, saddhammassavanaṃ, yoniso manasikāro, dhammānudhammapaṭipattī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.1046; dī. ni. 3.311) ca –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Saddhājāto upasaṅkamati, upasaṅkamanto payirupāsati, payirupāsanto sotaṃ odahati, ohitasoto dhammaṃ suṇāti, sutvā dhammaṃ dhāreti, dhātānaṃ dhammānaṃ paññāya atthaṃ upaparikkhati, atthaṃ upaparikkhato dhammā nijjhānaṃ khamanti, dhammanijjhānakkhantiyā chando jāyati, chandajāto ussahati, ussahitvā tuleti, tulayitvā <a name="V1.0010"></a> padahati, pahitatto kāyena ceva paramatthasaccaṃ sacchikaroti, paññāya ca naṃ paṭivijjha passatī’’ti (ma. ni. 2.183, 432) ca –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Idha tathāgato loke uppajjati…pe… so dhammaṃ deseti ādikalyāṇa’’nti ādīni (dī. ni. 1.190) ca –</p>
<p class="bodytext">Anekāni suttantapadāni anulomentena sutamaye ñāṇaṃ ādiṃ katvā yathākkamena ñāṇakathā ādito kathitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sā <a name="P1.0012"></a><a name="M1.0011"></a> panāyaṃ ñāṇakathā uddesaniddesavasena dvidhā ṭhitā. Uddese ‘‘sotāvadhāne paññā sutamaye ñāṇa’’ntiādinā nayena tesattati ñāṇāni mātikāvasena uddiṭṭhāni. Niddese ‘‘kathaṃ sotāvadhāne paññā sutamaye ñāṇaṃ. ‘Ime dhammā abhiññeyyā’ti sotāvadhānaṃ, taṃpajānanā paññā sutamaye ñāṇa’’ntiādinā nayena tāniyeva tesattati ñāṇāni vitthāravasena niddiṭṭhānīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Ganthārambhakathā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter">(1) Mahāvaggo</p>
<p class="chapter">1. Ñāṇakathā</p>
<p class="subhead">Mātikāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para1"></a><span class="paranum">1</span>. Tattha <a name="V1.0011"></a><a name="M1.0012"></a> uddese tāva <span class="bld">sotāvadhāne paññā sutamaye ñāṇa</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">sota</span>saddo anekatthappabhedo. Tathā hesa –</p>
<p class="gatha1">Maṃsaviññāṇañāṇesu, taṇhādīsu ca dissati;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Dhārāyaṃ ariyamagge, cittasantatiyampi ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Sotāyatanaṃ sotadhātu sotindriya’’ntiādīsu (vibha. 157) hi ayaṃ sotasaddo maṃsasote dissati. ‘‘Sotena saddaṃ sutvā’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.295) sotaviññāṇe. ‘‘Dibbāya sotadhātuyā’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 3.356) ñāṇasote. ‘‘Yāni sotāni lokasminti yāni etāni sotāni mayā kittitāni pakittitāni ācikkhitāni desitāni paññapitāni paṭṭhapitāni vivaritāni vibhattāni uttānīkatāni pakāsitāni. Seyyathidaṃ – taṇhāsoto diṭṭhisoto kilesasoto duccaritasoto avijjāsoto’’tiādīsu (cūḷani. ajitamāṇavapucchāniddesa 4) taṇhādīsu pañcasu dhammesu. ‘‘Addasā kho bhagavā mahantaṃ dārukkhandhaṃ gaṅgāya nadiyā sotena vuyhamāna’’ntiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 4.241) udakadhārāyaṃ. ‘‘Ariyassetaṃ, āvuso, aṭṭhaṅgikassa maggassa adhivacanaṃ, yadidaṃ soto’’tiādīsu ariyamagge. ‘‘Purisassa ca viññāṇasotaṃ pajānāti ubhayato abbocchinnaṃ idha loke patiṭṭhitañca paraloke patiṭṭhitañcā’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 3.149) cittasantatiyaṃ<a name="P1.0013"></a>. Idha panāyaṃ maṃsasote daṭṭhabbo. Tena sotena hetubhūtena, karaṇabhūtena vā avadhīyati avatthāpīyati appīyatīti sotāvadhānaṃ. Kiṃ taṃ? Sutaṃ. Sutañca nāma ‘‘bahussuto hoti sutadharo sutasannicayo’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.339) viya sotadvārānusārena <a name="V1.0012"></a> viññātaṃ avadhāritaṃ dhammajātaṃ, taṃ idha sotāvadhānanti vuttaṃ. Tasmiṃ sotāvadhānasaṅkhāte sute pavattā paññā sotāvadhāne paññā. <span class="bld">Paññā</span>ti ca tassa tassa atthassa pākaṭakaraṇasaṅkhātena paññāpanaṭṭhena paññā, tena tena vā aniccādinā pakārena dhamme jānātītipi paññā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sutamaye</span> <a name="M1.0013"></a> <span class="bld">ñāṇa</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">suta</span>saddo tāva saupasaggo anupasaggo ca –</p>
<p class="gatha1">Gamane vissute tintenuyogopacitepi ca;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sadde ca sotadvārānusārañāte ca dissati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā hissa ‘‘senāya pasuto’’tiādīsu gacchantoti attho. ‘‘Sutadhammassa passato’’tiādīsu (udā. 11; mahāva. 5) vissutadhammassāti attho. ‘‘Avassutā avassutassa purisapuggalassā’’tiādīsu (pāci. 657) tintā tintassāti attho. ‘‘Ye jhānapasutā dhīrā’’tiādīsu (dha. pa. 181) anuyuttāti attho. ‘‘Tumhehi puññaṃ pasutaṃ anappaka’’ntiādīsu (khu. pā. 7.12; pe. va. 25) upacitanti attho. ‘‘Diṭṭhaṃ sutaṃ mutaṃ viññāta’’ntiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.241) saddoti attho. ‘‘Bahussuto hoti sutadharo sutasannicayo’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.339) sotadvārānusāraviññātadharoti attho. Idha panassa sotadvārānusārena viññātaṃ upadhāritanti attho. <span class="bld">Sutamaye ñāṇa</span>nti yā esā etaṃ sutaṃ viññātaṃ avadhāritaṃ saddhammaṃ ārabbha ārammaṇaṃ katvā sabbapaṭhamañca aparāparañca pavattā paññā, taṃ ‘‘sutamaye ñāṇa’’nti vuttaṃ hoti, sutamayaṃ ñāṇanti attho. Sutamayeti ca paccattavacanametaṃ, yathā ‘‘na hevaṃ vattabbe’’ (kathā. 1, 15-18). ‘‘Vanappagumbe yathā phussitagge’’ (khu. pā. 6.13; su. ni. 236). ‘‘Natthi attakāre natthi parakāre natthi purisakāre’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 1.168) paccattavacanaṃ, evamidhāpi daṭṭhabbaṃ. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘sutamayaṃ ñāṇanti attho’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha vā sutena pakato <a name="P1.0014"></a> phassādiko dhammapuñjo sutamayo, tasmiṃ sutamaye dhammapuñje pavattaṃ taṃsampayuttaṃ ñāṇaṃ sutamaye ñāṇaṃ. Sabhāvasāmaññalakkhaṇavasena dhamme jānātīti ñāṇaṃ. Taṃyeva ñāṇaṃ pariyāyavacanena adhippāyapakāsanatthaṃ aniyamena ‘‘paññā’’ti vatvā pacchā adhippetaṃ ‘‘ñāṇa’’nti niyametvā vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Ñāṇañca nāma sabhāvapaṭivedhalakkhaṇaṃ, akkhalitapaṭivedhalakkhaṇaṃ vā kusalissāsakhittausupaṭivedho viya, visayobhāsanarasaṃ padīpo viya, asammohapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ araññagatasudesako viya. ‘‘Samāhito, bhikkhave, bhikkhu yathābhūtaṃ pajānātī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.1071) vacanato samādhipadaṭṭhānaṃ. Lakkhaṇādīsu hi sabhāvo vā sāmaññaṃ vā lakkhaṇaṃ <a name="V1.0013"></a><a name="M1.0014"></a> nāma, kiccaṃ vā sampatti vā raso nāma, upaṭṭhānākāro vā phalaṃ vā paccupaṭṭhānaṃ nāma, āsannakāraṇaṃ padaṭṭhānaṃ nāmāti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para2"></a><span class="paranum">2</span>.<span class="bld"> Sutvāna saṃvare paññā</span>ti –</p>
<p class="gatha1">Pātimokkho satī ceva, ñāṇaṃ khanti tatheva ca;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Vīriyaṃ pañcime dhammā, saṃvarāti pakāsitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Iminā pātimokkhasaṃvarena upeto hoti samupeto upāgato samupāgato upapanno sampanno samannāgato’’ti (vibha. 511) āgato <span class="bld">pātimokkhasaṃvaro</span>. ‘‘Cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā na nimittaggāhī hoti nānubyañjanaggāhī. Yatvādhikaraṇamenaṃ cakkhundriyaṃ asaṃvutaṃ viharantaṃ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṃ, tassa saṃvarāya paṭipajjati, rakkhati cakkhundriyaṃ, cakkhundriye saṃvaraṃ āpajjatī’’tiādinā (dī. ni. 1.213; ma. ni. 1.295; saṃ. ni. 4.239; a. ni. 3.16) nayena āgato <span class="bld">satisaṃvaro</span>.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yāni sotāni lokasmiṃ (ajitāti bhagavā),</p>
<p class="gatha2">Sati tesaṃ nivāraṇaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sotānaṃ saṃvaraṃ brūmi, paññāyete pidhīyare’’ti <a name="P1.0015"></a>. (cūḷani. ajitamāṇavapucchā 60; su. ni. 1041) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Āgato <span class="bld">ñāṇasaṃvaro</span>. ‘‘Katame ca, bhikkhave, āsavā paṭisevanā pahātabbā? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu paṭisaṅkhā yoniso cīvaraṃ paṭisevatī’’tiādinā (ma. ni. 1.23; a. ni. 6.58) nayena <a name="V1.0014"></a> āgato <span class="bld">paccayapaṭisevanāsaṃvaro,</span> sopi ñāṇasaṃvareneva saṅgahito. ‘‘Khamo hoti sītassa uṇhassa jighacchāya pipāsāya ḍaṃsamakasavātātapasarisapasamphassānaṃ duruttānaṃ durāgatānaṃ vacanapathānaṃ uppannānaṃ sārīrikānaṃ vedanānaṃ dukkhānaṃ tibbānaṃ kharānaṃ kaṭukānaṃ asātānaṃ amanāpānaṃ pāṇaharānaṃ adhivāsakajātiko hotī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.24; a. ni. 4.114; 6.58) āgato <span class="bld">khantisaṃvaro</span>. ‘‘Uppannaṃ kāmavitakkaṃ nādhivāseti pajahati vinodeti byantīkaroti anabhāvaṃ gametī’’tiādinā (ma. ni. 1.26; a. ni. 4.114; 6.58) nayena āgato <span class="bld">vīriyasaṃvaro</span>. ‘‘Idha ariyasāvako micchāājīvaṃ pahāya <a name="M1.0015"></a> sammāājīvena jīvikaṃ kappetī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.8) āgato <span class="bld">ājīvapārisuddhisaṃvaro,</span> sopi vīriyasaṃvareneva saṅgahito. Tesu sattasu saṃvaresu pātimokkhasaṃvaraindriyasaṃvaraājīvapārisuddhipaccayapaṭisevanasaṅkhātā cattāro saṃvarā idhādhippetā, tesu ca visesena pātimokkhasaṃvaro. Sabbopi cāyaṃ saṃvaro yathāsakaṃ saṃvaritabbānaṃ kāyaduccaritādīnaṃ saṃvaraṇato saṃvaroti vuccati. Sutamayañāṇe vuttaṃ dhammaṃ sutvā saṃvarantassa saṃvaraṃ karontassa tasmiṃ saṃvare pavattā taṃsampayuttā paññā ‘‘sutvāna saṃvare paññā’’ti vuttā. Atha vā hetuatthe sutvāti vacanassa sambhavato sutahetunā saṃvare paññātipi attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sīlamaye ñāṇa</span>nti ettha sīlanti sīlanaṭṭhena sīlaṃ. Kimidaṃ sīlanaṃ nāma? Samādhānaṃ vā, kāyakammādīnaṃ susīlyavasena avippakiṇṇatāti attho. Upadhāraṇaṃ vā, kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ patiṭṭhāvasena ādhārabhāvoti attho. Etadeva hi ettha atthadvayaṃ saddalakkhaṇavidū anujānanti. Aññe pana ‘‘adhisevanaṭṭhena ācāraṭṭhena tassīlaṭṭhena siraṭṭhena sītalaṭṭhena sivaṭṭhena sīla’’nti vaṇṇayanti.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Sīlanaṃ <a name="P1.0016"></a> <span class="bld">lakkhaṇaṃ</span> tassa, bhinnassāpi anekadhā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sanidassanattaṃ rūpassa, yathā bhinnassa nekadhā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā hi nīlapītādibhedena anekadhā bhinnassāpi rūpāyatanassa sanidassanattaṃ lakkhaṇaṃ nīlādibhedena bhinnassāpi sanidassanabhāvānatikkamanato, tathā sīlassa cetanādibhedena anekadhā bhinnassāpi yadetaṃ kāyakammādīnaṃ samādhānavasena kusalānañca dhammānaṃ patiṭṭhānavasena vuttaṃ sīlanaṃ, tadeva lakkhaṇaṃ cetanādibhedena bhinnassāpi samādhānapatiṭṭhānabhāvānatikkamanato. Evaṃlakkhaṇassa panassa –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Dussīlyaviddhaṃsanatā, anavajjaguṇo tathā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Kiccasampatti atthena, <span class="bld">raso</span> nāma pavuccati’’.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tasmā idaṃ sīlaṃ nāma kiccaṭṭhena rasena dussīlyaviddhaṃsanarasaṃ, sampattiatthena rasena anavajjarasanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1"><span class="bld">Soceyyapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ</span><a name="V1.0015"></a><a name="M1.0016"></a>, tayidaṃ tassa viññuhi;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Ottappañca hirī ceva, <span class="bld">padaṭṭhāna</span>nti vaṇṇitaṃ. –</p>
<p class="unindented">Tayidaṃ sīlaṃ ‘‘kāyasoceyyaṃ vacīsoceyyaṃ manosoceyya’’nti (itivu. 66) evaṃ vuttasoceyyapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ, sucibhāvena paccupaṭṭhāti gahaṇabhāvaṃ gacchati. Hirottappañca pana tassa viññūhi padaṭṭhānanti vaṇṇitaṃ, āsannakāraṇanti attho. Hirottappe hi sati sīlaṃ uppajjati ceva tiṭṭhati ca, asati neva uppajjati na tiṭṭhatīti evaṃvidhena sīlena sahagataṃ taṃsampayuttaṃ ñāṇaṃ sīlamaye ñāṇaṃ. Atha vā sīlameva pakataṃ sīlamayaṃ, tasmiṃ sīlamaye taṃsampayuttaṃ ñāṇaṃ. Asaṃvare ādīnavapaccavekkhaṇā ca, saṃvare ānisaṃsapaccavekkhaṇā <a name="P1.0017"></a> ca, saṃvarapārisuddhipaccavekkhaṇā ca, saṃvarasaṃkilesavodānapaccavekkhaṇā ca sīlamayañāṇeneva saṅgahitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para3"></a><span class="paranum">3</span>. <span class="bld">Saṃvaritvā samādahane paññā</span>ti sīlamayañāṇe vuttasīlasaṃvarena saṃvaritvā saṃvaraṃ katvā sīle patiṭṭhāya samādahantassa upacārappanāvasena cittekaggataṃ karontassa tasmiṃ samādahane pavattā taṃsampayuttā paññā. Samaṃ sammā ca ādahanaṃ ṭhapananti ca samādahanaṃ, samādhissevetaṃ pariyāyavacanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samādhibhāvanāmaye ñāṇa</span>nti ettha kusalacittekaggatā samādhi. Kenaṭṭhena samādhi? Samādhānaṭṭhena samādhi. Kimidaṃ samādhānaṃ nāma? Ekārammaṇe cittacetasikānaṃ samaṃ sammā ca ādhānaṃ, ṭhapananti vuttaṃ hoti. Tasmā yassa dhammassānubhāvena ekārammaṇe cittacetasikā samaṃ sammā ca avikkhipamānā avippakiṇṇā ca hutvā tiṭṭhanti, idaṃ samādhānanti veditabbaṃ. Tassa kho pana samādhissa –</p>
<p class="gatha1"><span class="bld">Lakkhaṇaṃ</span> tu avikkhepo, vikkhepaviddhaṃsanaṃ <span class="bld">raso</span>;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Akampana<span class="bld">mupaṭṭhānaṃ, padaṭṭhānaṃ</span> sukhaṃ pana.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bhāvīyati vaḍḍhīyatīti bhāvanā, samādhi eva bhāvanā samādhibhāvanā, samādhissa vā bhāvanā vaḍḍhanā samādhibhāvanā. Samādhibhāvanāvacanena aññaṃ bhāvanaṃ paṭikkhipati. Pubbe viya upacārappanāvasena samādhibhāvanāmaye ñāṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para4"></a><span class="paranum">4</span>. <span class="bld">Paccayapariggahe</span> <a name="M1.0017"></a> <span class="bld">paññā</span>ti ettha paṭicca phalametīti paccayo. <span class="bld">Paṭiccā</span>ti na vinā <a name="V1.0016"></a> tena, apaccakkhitvāti attho. Etīti uppajjati ceva pavattati cāti attho. Apica upakārakattho paccayattho, tassa paccayassa bahuvidhattā paccayānaṃ pariggahe vavatthāpane ca paññā paccayapariggahe paññā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dhammaṭṭhitiñāṇa</span>nti <a name="P1.0018"></a> ettha <span class="bld">dhamma</span>saddo tāva sabhāvapaññāpuññapaññattiāpattipariyattinissattatāvikāraguṇapaccayapaccayuppannādīsu dissati. Ayañhi ‘‘kusalā dhammā akusalā dhammā abyākatā dhammā’’tiādīsu (dha. sa. tikamātikā 1) sabhāve dissati.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yassete caturo dhammā, saddhassa gharamesino;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Saccaṃ dhammo dhiti cāgo, sa ve pecca na socatī’’ti. (su. ni. 190) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Ādīsu paññāyaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Na hi dhammo adhammo ca, ubho samavipākino;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Adhammo nirayaṃ neti, dhammo pāpeti suggati’’nti. (theragā. 304) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Ādīsu puññe. ‘‘Paññattidhammā niruttidhammā adhivacanadhammā’’tiādīsu (dha. sa. dukamātikā 106-108) paññattiyaṃ. ‘‘Pārājikā dhammā saṅghādisesā dhammā’’tiādīsu (pārā. 233-234) āpattiyaṃ. ‘‘Idha bhikkhu dhammaṃ jānāti suttaṃ geyyaṃ veyyākaraṇa’’ntiādīsu (a. ni. 5.73) pariyattiyaṃ. ‘‘Tasmiṃ kho pana samaye dhammā honti (dha. sa. 121). Dhammesu dhammānupassī viharatī’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 2.373; ma. ni. 1.115) nissattatāyaṃ. ‘‘Jātidhammā jarādhammā maraṇadhammā’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 10.107) vikāre. ‘‘Channaṃ buddhadhammāna’’ntiādīsu (mahāni. 50) guṇe. ‘‘Hetumhi ñāṇaṃ dhammapaṭisambhidā’’tiādīsu (vibha. 720) paccaye. ‘‘Ṭhitāva sā dhātu dhammaṭṭhitatā dhammaniyāmatā’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 2.20; a. ni. 3.137) paccayuppanne. Svāyamidhāpi paccayuppanne daṭṭhabbo. Atthato pana attano sabhāvaṃ dhārentīti vā, paccayehi dhārīyantīti vā, attano phalaṃ dhārentīti vā, attano paripūrakaṃ apāyesu apatamānaṃ dhārentīti vā, sakasakalakkhaṇe dhārentīti vā, cittena avadhārīyantīti vā yathāyogaṃ dhammāti vuccanti. Idha pana attano paccayehi <a name="M1.0018"></a> dhārīyantīti dhammā, paccayasamuppannā dhammā tiṭṭhanti uppajjanti <a name="V1.0017"></a> ceva pavattanti ca etāyāti dhammaṭṭhiti, paccayadhammānametaṃ adhivacanaṃ<a name="P1.0019"></a>. Tassaṃ dhammaṭṭhitiyaṃ ñāṇaṃ dhammaṭṭhitiñāṇaṃ. Idañhi samādhibhāvanāmayañāṇe vuttasamādhinā samāhitena cittena yathābhūtañāṇadassanatthāya yogamārabhitvā vavatthāpitanāmarūpassa tesaṃ nāmarūpānaṃ paccayapariggahapariyāyaṃ dhammaṭṭhitiñāṇaṃ uppajjati. ‘‘Nāmarūpavavatthāne ñāṇa’’nti avatvā eva kasmā ‘‘dhammaṭṭhitiñāṇa’’nti vuttanti ce? Paccayapariggaheneva paccayasamuppannapariggahassa siddhattā. Paccayasamuppanne hi apariggahite paccayapariggaho na sakkā hoti kātuṃ. Tasmā dhammaṭṭhitiñāṇagahaṇeneva tassa hetubhūtaṃ pubbe siddhaṃ nāmarūpavavatthānañāṇaṃ vuttameva hotīti veditabbaṃ. Kasmā dutiyatatiyañāṇaṃ viya ‘‘samādahitvā paccayapariggahe paññā’’ti na vuttanti ce? Samathavipassanānaṃ yuganaddhattā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Samādahitvā yathā ce vipassati, vipassamāno tathā ce samādahe;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Vipassanā ca samatho tadā ahu, samānabhāgā yuganaddhā vattare’’ti. –</p>
<p class="unindented">Hi vuttaṃ. Tasmā samādhiṃ avissajjetvā samādhiñca ñāṇañca yuganaddhaṃ katvā yāva ariyamaggo, tāva ussukkāpetabbanti ñāpanatthaṃ ‘‘paccayapariggahe paññā dhammaṭṭhitiñāṇa’’micceva vuttanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para5"></a><span class="paranum">5</span>. Atītānāgatapaccuppannānaṃ dhammānaṃ saṅkhipitvā vavatthāne <span class="bld">paññā</span>ti ettha attano sabhāvaṃ, uppādādikkhaṇaṃ vā patvā ati itā atikkantāti atītā, tadubhayampi na āgatā na sampattāti anāgatā, taṃ taṃ kāraṇaṃ paṭicca uppādādiuddhaṃ pannā gatā pavattāti paccuppannā. Addhā santatikhaṇapaccuppannesu santatipaccuppannaṃ idhādhippetaṃ. Tesaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannānaṃ pañcakkhandhadhammānaṃ ekekakkhandhalakkhaṇe saṅkhipitvā kalāpavasena rāsiṃ katvā vavatthāne nicchayane sanniṭṭhāpane paññā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sammasane</span> <a name="P1.0020"></a> <span class="bld">ñāṇa</span>nti sammā āmasane anumajjane pekkhaṇe ñāṇaṃ, kalāpasammasanañāṇanti attho. Idañhi nāmarūpavavatthānañāṇānantaraṃ nāmarūpapaccayapariggahe <a name="M1.0019"></a> dhammaṭṭhitiñāṇe ṭhitassa ‘‘yaṃkiñci rūpaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā oḷārikaṃ vā sukhumaṃ vā hīnaṃ vā paṇītaṃ vā yaṃ dūre santike vā, sabbaṃ taṃ rūpaṃ aniccato vavatthapeti, ekaṃ sammasanaṃ, dukkhato vavatthapeti, ekaṃ sammasanaṃ, anattato vavatthapeti, ekaṃ sammasana’’ntiādinā (paṭi. ma. 1.48) nayena vuttasammasanavasena pubbe vavatthāpite <a name="V1.0018"></a> ekekasmiṃ khandhe tilakkhaṇaṃ āropetvā aniccato dukkhato anattato vipassantassa kalāpasammasanañāṇaṃ uppajjati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para6"></a><span class="paranum">6</span>. <span class="bld">Paccuppannānaṃ dhammānaṃ vipariṇāmānupassane paññā</span>ti santativasena paccuppannānaṃ ajjhattaṃ pañcakkhandhadhammānaṃ vipariṇāmadassane bhaṅgadassane paññā. Yasmā ‘‘ime dhammā uppajjitvā bhijjantī’’ti udayaṃ gahetvāpi bhedeyeva cittaṃ ṭhapeti, tasmā avuttopi udayo vuttoyeva hotīti veditabbo. Paccuppannānaṃ dhammānaṃ dassanena vā udayadassanassa siddhattā udayo vuttoyeva hoti. Na hi udayaṃ vinā dhammānaṃ uppannattaṃ sijjhati, tasmā ‘‘paccuppannānaṃ dhammānaṃ uppādavipariṇāmānupassane paññā’’ti avuttepi vuttameva hotīti veditabbaṃ. ‘‘Udayabbayānupassane ñāṇa’’nti niyamitattā ca udayadassanaṃ siddhameva hotīti anantaraṃ vuttassa sammasanañāṇassa pāraṃ gantvā taṃsammasaneyeva pākaṭībhūte udayabbaye pariggaṇhitvā saṅkhārānaṃ paricchedakaraṇatthaṃ udayabbayānupassanaṃ ārabhantassa uppajjati udayabbayānupassanāñāṇaṃ. Tañhi udayabbaye anupassanato udayabbayānupassanāti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para7"></a><span class="paranum">7</span>. <span class="bld">Ārammaṇaṃ paṭisaṅkhā</span>ti rūpakkhandhādiārammaṇaṃ bhaṅgato paṭisaṅkhāya jānitvā passitvā. <span class="bld">Bhaṅgānupassane paññā vipassane ñāṇa</span>nti tassa ārammaṇaṃ bhaṅgato paṭisaṅkhāya uppannassa ñāṇassa bhaṅgaṃ anupassane yā paññā, taṃ ‘‘vipassane ñāṇa’’nti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Vipassanā</span>ti ca vividhā passanā vipassanā. Ārammaṇapaṭisaṅkhātipi pāṭho. Tassattho <a name="P1.0021"></a> – ārammaṇassa paṭisaṅkhā jānanā passanāti vuttanayeneva ārammaṇapaṭisaṅkhā ‘‘bhaṅgānupassane paññā vipassane ñāṇa’’nti vuttaṃ hoti. Yasmā pana bhaṅgānupassanāya eva vipassanā sikhaṃ pāpuṇāti, tasmā visesetvā idameva ‘‘vipassane <a name="M1.0020"></a> ñāṇa’’nti vuttaṃ. Yasmā udayabbayānupassanāya ṭhitassa maggāmaggañāṇadassanaṃ uppajjati, tasmā tassā siddhāya taṃ siddhameva hotīti taṃ avatvāva bhaṅgānupassanāya eva vipassanāsikhaṃ ñāṇaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Udayabbayānupassanāya suparidiṭṭhaudayabbayassa suparicchinnesu saṅkhāresu lahuṃ lahuṃ upaṭṭhahantesu ñāṇe tikkhe vahante udayaṃ pahāya bhaṅge eva sati santiṭṭhati, tassa ‘‘evaṃ uppajjitvā evaṃ nāma saṅkhārā bhijjantī’’ti passato etasmiṃ ṭhāne bhaṅgānupassanāñāṇaṃ uppajjati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para8"></a><span class="paranum">8</span>. <span class="bld">Bhayatupaṭṭhāne paññā</span>ti uppādapavattanimittaāyūhanāpaṭisandhīnaṃ bhayato upaṭṭhāne pīḷāyogato sappaṭibhayavasena gahaṇūpagamane paññāti attho. Bhayato upaṭṭhātīti bhayatupaṭṭhānaṃ ārammaṇaṃ<a name="V1.0019"></a>, tasmiṃ bhayatupaṭṭhāne. Atha vā bhayato upatiṭṭhatīti bhayatupaṭṭhānaṃ, paññā, taṃ ‘‘bhayatupaṭṭhāna’’nti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ādīnave ñāṇa</span>nti bhummavacanameva. ‘‘Yā ca bhayatupaṭṭhāne paññā, yañca ādīnave ñāṇaṃ, yā ca nibbidā, ime dhammā ekaṭṭhā, byañjanameva nāna’’nti (paṭi. ma. 1.227) vuttattā ekamiva vuccamānampi avatthābhedena muñcitukamyatādi viya tividhameva hoti. Tasmā bhayatupaṭṭhānaādīnavānupassanāsu siddhāsu nibbidānupassanā siddhā hotīti katvā avuttāpi vuttāva hotīti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sabbasaṅkhārānaṃ bhaṅgārammaṇaṃ bhaṅgānupassanaṃ āsevantassa bhāventassa bahulīkarontassa tibhavacatuyonipañcagatisattaviññāṇaṭṭhitinavasattāvāsesu pabhedakā saṅkhārā sukhena jīvitukāmassa bhīrukapurisassa sīhabyagghadīpiacchataracchayakkharakkhasacaṇḍagoṇacaṇḍakukkurapabhinna- madacaṇḍahatthighoraāsivisaasanivicakkasusānaraṇabhūmijalitaaṅgārakāsuādayo viya mahābhayaṃ hutvā upaṭṭhahanti, tassa ‘‘atītā saṅkhārā niruddhā, paccuppannā nirujjhanti, anāgatāpi evameva nirujjhissantī’’ti passato etasmiṃ ṭhāne bhayatupaṭṭhānaṃ ñāṇaṃ <a name="P1.0022"></a> uppajjati. Tassa taṃ bhayatupaṭṭhānañāṇaṃ āsevantassa bhāventassa bahulīkarontassa sabbabhavayonigatiṭhitisattāvāsesu neva tāṇaṃ na leṇaṃ na gati na paṭisaraṇaṃ paññāyati, sabbabhavayonigatiṭhitinivāsagatesu saṅkhāresu ekasaṅkhārepi patthanā vā parāmāso <a name="M1.0021"></a> vā na hoti, tayo bhavā vītaccitaṅgārapuṇṇā aṅgārakāsuyo viya, cattāro mahābhūtā ghoravisā āsivisā viya, pañcakkhandhā ukkhittāsikā vadhakā viya, cha ajjhattikāyatanāni suññagāmo viya, cha bāhirāyatanāni gāmaghātakacorā viya, sattaviññāṇaṭṭhitiyo nava ca sattāvāsā ekādasahi aggīhi ādittā sampajjalitā sajotibhūtā viya ca, sabbe saṅkhārā gaṇḍabhūtā rogabhūtā sallabhūtā aghabhūtā ābādhabhūtā viya ca nirassādā nirasā mahāādīnavarāsibhūtā hutvā upaṭṭhahanti, sukhena jīvitukāmassa bhīrukapurisassa ramaṇīyākārasaṇṭhitampi savāḷakamiva vanagahanaṃ, sasaddūlā viya guhā, sagāharakkhasaṃ viya udakaṃ, samussitakhaggā viya paccatthikā, savisaṃ viya bhojanaṃ, sacoro viya maggo, ādittamiva agāraṃ, uyyuttasenā viya raṇabhūmi. Yathā hi so puriso etāni savāḷakavanagahanādīni āgamma bhīto saṃviggo lomahaṭṭhajāto samantato ādīnavameva passati, evameva so yogāvacaro bhaṅgānupassanāvasena sabbasaṅkhāresu bhayato upaṭṭhitesu samantato nirasaṃ nirassādaṃ ādīnavameva passati. Tassevaṃ passato ādīnavānupassanāñāṇaṃ uppajjati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">So <a name="V1.0020"></a> evaṃ sabbasaṅkhāre ādīnavato sampassanto sabbabhavayonigativiññāṇaṭṭhitisattāvāsagate sabhedake saṅkhāragate nibbindati ukkaṇṭhati nābhiramati. Seyyathāpi nāma cittakūṭapabbatapādābhirato suvaṇṇarājahaṃso asucimhi caṇḍālagāmadvāraāvāṭe nābhiramati, sattasu mahāsaresuyeva abhiramati, evameva ayaṃ yogīrājahaṃso suparidiṭṭhādīnave sabhedake saṅkhāragate nābhiramati, bhāvanārāmatāya pana bhāvanāratiyā samannāgatattā sattasu anupassanāsuyeva abhiramati. Yathā ca suvaṇṇapañjarepi pakkhitto sīho migarājā nābhiramati, tiyojanasahassavitthate pana himavanteyeva <a name="P1.0023"></a> ramati, evamayampi yogīsīho tividhe sugatibhavepi nābhiramati, tīsu anupassanāsuyeva ramati. Yathā ca sabbaseto sattappatiṭṭho iddhimā vehāsaṅgamo chaddanto nāgarājā nagaramajjhe nābhiramati, himavati chaddantarahadeyeva ramati, evamayaṃ yogīvaravāraṇo sabbasmimpi saṅkhāragate nābhiramati, ‘‘anuppādo <a name="M1.0022"></a> khema’’ntiādinā (paṭi. ma. 1.53) nayena niddiṭṭhe santipadeyeva ramati, tanninnatappoṇatappabbhāramānaso hoti. Ettāvatā tassa nibbidānupassanāñāṇaṃ uppannaṃ hotīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para9"></a><span class="paranum">9</span>. <span class="bld">Muñcitukamyatāpaṭisaṅkhāsantiṭṭhanā paññā saṅkhārupekkhāsu ñāṇa</span>nti muñcituṃ cajituṃ kāmeti icchatīti muñcitukāmo, muñcitukāmassa bhāvo muñcitukamyatā. Paṭisaṅkhāti upaparikkhatīti paṭisaṅkhā, paṭisaṅkhānaṃ vā paṭisaṅkhā. Santiṭṭhati ajjhupekkhatīti santiṭṭhanā, santiṭṭhanaṃ vā santiṭṭhanā. Muñcitukamyatā ca sā paṭisaṅkhā ca santiṭṭhanā cāti muñcitukamyatāpaṭisaṅkhāsantiṭṭhanā. Iti pubbabhāge nibbidāñāṇena nibbinnassa uppādādīni pariccajitukāmatā muñcitukamyatā. Muñcanassa upāyakaraṇatthaṃ majjhe paṭisaṅkhānaṃ paṭisaṅkhā. Muñcitvā avasāne ajjhupekkhanaṃ santiṭṭhanā. Evaṃ avatthābhedena tippakārā paññā saṅkhārānaṃ ajjhupekkhanāsu ñāṇaṃ, muñcitukamyatāpaṭisaṅkhāsantiṭṭhanāsaṅkhātānaṃ avatthābhedena bhinnānaṃ tissannampi paññānaṃ saṅkhārupekkhataṃ icchantena pana ‘‘paññā’’ti ca ‘‘saṅkhārupekkhāsū’’ti ca bahuvacanaṃ kataṃ, avatthābhedena bhinnassāpi ekattā ‘‘ñāṇa’’nti ekavacanaṃ katanti veditabbaṃ. Vuttañca – ‘‘yā ca muñcitukamyatā yā ca paṭisaṅkhānupassanā yā ca saṅkhārupekkhā, ime dhammā ekaṭṭhā, byañjanameva nāna’’nti (paṭi. ma. 1.227). Keci pana ‘‘saṅkhārupekkhāsūti bahuvacanaṃ samathavipassanāvasena saṅkhārupekkhānaṃ bahuttā’’tipi vadanti. Saṅkhārupekkhāsūti ca kiriyāpekkhanti <a name="P1.0024"></a> veditabbaṃ. Avatthābhedena pana tena nibbidāñāṇena nibbindantassa ukkaṇṭhantassa sabbabhavayonigativiññāṇaṭṭhitisattāvāsagatesu sabhedakesu saṅkhāresu cittaṃ na sajjati na laggati na bajjhati, sabbasaṅkhāragataṃ muñcitukāmaṃ chaḍḍetukāmaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha <a name="V1.0021"></a> vā yathā jālabbhantaragato maccho, sappamukhagato maṇḍūko, pañjarapakkhitto vanakukkuṭo, daḷhapāsavasaṃgato migo, ahituṇḍikahatthagato sappo, mahāpaṅkapakkhando kuñjaro, supaṇṇamukhagato nāgarājā, rāhumukhapaviṭṭho cando, sapattaparikkhitto purisotievamādayo tato tato muccitukāmā nissaritukāmāva honti, evaṃ tassa yogino cittaṃ sabbasmā saṅkhāragatā muccitukāmaṃ nissaritukāmaṃ hoti. Evañhi vuccamāne ‘‘muccitukāmassa muccitukamyatā’’ti pāṭho yujjati. Evañca sati ‘‘uppādaṃ <a name="M1.0023"></a> muñcitukamyatā’’tiādīsu ‘‘uppādā muccitukamyatā’’tiādi vattabbaṃ hoti, tasmā purimo eva attho sundarataro. Athassa sabbasaṅkhāresu vigatālayassa sabbasaṅkhāragataṃ muñcitukāmassa muñcitukamyatāñāṇaṃ uppajjati. So evaṃ sabbabhavayonigativiññāṇaṭṭhitisattāvāsagate sabhedake saṅkhāre muñcitukāmo muñcanassa upāyasampādanatthaṃ puna te eva saṅkhāre paṭisaṅkhānupassanāñāṇena tilakkhaṇaṃ āropetvā vipassati. Evañhi vipassato cassa aniccavasena nimittaṃ paṭisaṅkhāñāṇaṃ uppajjati, dukkhavasena pavattaṃ paṭisaṅkhāñāṇaṃ uppajjati, anattavasena nimittañca pavattañca paṭisaṅkhāñāṇaṃ uppajjati. So paṭisaṅkhānupassanāñāṇena ‘‘sabbe saṅkhārā suññā’’ti disvā tilakkhaṇaṃ āropetvā saṅkhāre pariggaṇhanto bhayañca nandiñca vippahāya bhariyāya dosaṃ disvā vissaṭṭhabhariyo viya puriso tassā bhariyāya saṅkhāresu udāsīno hoti majjhatto, ‘‘aha’’nti vā ‘‘mama’’nti vā na gaṇhāti. Tassa evaṃ jānato evaṃ passato tīsu bhavesu cittaṃ patilīyati paṭikuṭati paṭivattati na sampasāriyati. Seyyathāpi nāma padumapalāse <a name="P1.0025"></a> īsakaṃ poṇe udakaphusitāni patilīyanti paṭikuṭanti paṭivattanti na sampasāriyanti. Seyyathāpi vā pana kukkuṭapattaṃ vā nhārudaddulaṃ vā aggimhi pakkhittaṃ patilīyati paṭikuṭati paṭivattati na sampasāriyati, evaṃ tassa tīsu bhavesu cittaṃ patilīyati paṭikuṭati paṭivattati na sampasāriyati, upekkhā saṇṭhāti. Evamassa saṅkhārupekkhāñāṇaṃ uppannaṃ hoti. Iminā saṅkhārupekkhāñāṇena saddhiṃ upari gotrabhuñāṇassa sādhakaṃ anulomañāṇaṃ pubbāparañāṇehi avuttampi vuttameva hotīti veditabbaṃ. Vuttañhi bhagavatā –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘So vata, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kañci saṅkhāraṃ niccato samanupassanto anulomikāya khantiyā samannāgato bhavissatīti netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati, anulomikāya khantiyā asamannāgato sammattaniyāmaṃ okkamissatīti netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati, sammattaniyāmaṃ anokkamamāno sotāpattiphalaṃ vā sakadāgāmiphalaṃ vā anāgāmiphalaṃ vā <a name="V1.0022"></a> arahattaphalaṃ vā sacchikarissatīti netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjatī’’tiādi (a. ni. 6.98; paṭi. ma. 3.36).</p>
<p class="unindented">Vuttañca dhammasenāpatinā –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Katihākārehi anulomikaṃ khantiṃ paṭilabhati? Katihākārehi sammattaniyāmaṃ okkamati? Cattālīsāya ākārehi anulomikaṃ <a name="M1.0024"></a> khantiṃ paṭilabhati, cattālīsāya ākārehi sammattaniyāmaṃ okkamatī’’tiādi (paṭi. ma. 3.37).</p>
<p class="unindented">Paṭṭhāne cetaṃ vuttaṃ bhagavatā –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Anulomaṃ gotrabhussa anantarapaccayena paccayo. Anulomaṃ vodānassa anantarapaccayena paccayo’’tiādi (paṭṭhā. 1.1.417).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tassa hi taṃ saṅkhārupekkhāñāṇaṃ āsevantassa bhāventassa bahulīkarontassa adhimokkhasaddhā balavatarā hoti, vīriyaṃ supaggahitaṃ, sati sūpaṭṭhitā, cittaṃ susamāhitaṃ, saṅkhārupekkhāñāṇaṃ tikkhataraṃ pavattati. Tassa idāni maggo uppajjissatīti saṅkhārupekkhāya saṅkhāre ‘‘aniccā’’ti vā ‘‘dukkhā’’ti vā ‘‘anattā’’ti vā sammasitvā bhavaṅgaṃ otarati. Bhavaṅgānantaraṃ saṅkhārupekkhāya katanayeneva saṅkhāre ‘‘aniccā’’ti vā ‘‘dukkhā’’ti vā ‘‘anattā’’ti vā ārammaṇaṃ kurumānaṃ uppajjati manodvārāvajjanaṃ. Tadanantaraṃ tatheva saṅkhāre ārammaṇaṃ katvā dve tīṇi cattāri vā javanacittāni uppajjanti. Taṃsampayuttaṃ <a name="P1.0026"></a> ñāṇaṃ anulomañāṇaṃ. Tañhi purimānañca aṭṭhannaṃ vipassanāñāṇānaṃ tathakiccatāya anulometi, upari ca pattabbānaṃ sattatiṃsāya bodhipakkhiyadhammānaṃ anulometi. Yathā hi dhammiko rājā vinicchayaṭṭhāne nisinno aṭṭhannaṃ vohārikamahāmattānaṃ vinicchayaṃ sutvā agatigamanaṃ pahāya majjhatto hutvā ‘‘evaṃ hotū’’ti anumodamāno tesañca vinicchayassa anulometi, porāṇassa ca rājadhammassa. Tattha rājā viya anulomañāṇaṃ, aṭṭha vohārikamahāmattā viya aṭṭha vipassanāñāṇāni, porāṇarājadhammo viya sattatiṃsa bodhipakkhiyadhammā, yathā rājā ‘‘evaṃ hotū’’ti anumodamāno vohārikānañca vinicchayassa rājadhammassa ca anulometi, evamidaṃ aniccādivasena saṅkhāre ārabbha uppajjamānānaṃ aṭṭhannañca vipassanāñāṇānaṃ tathakiccatāya anulometi, upari ca pattabbānaṃ sattatiṃsāya bodhipakkhiyadhammānaṃ. Tasmā anulomañāṇanti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para10"></a><span class="paranum">10</span>. <span class="bld">Bahiddhā</span> <a name="V1.0023"></a> <span class="bld">vuṭṭhānavivaṭṭane paññā gotrabhuñāṇa</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">bahiddhā</span>ti saṅkhāranimittaṃ. Tañhi ajjhattacittasantāne akusalakkhandhe upādāya bahiddhāti vuttaṃ. Tasmā bahiddhā saṅkhāranimittamhā vuṭṭhāti vigataṃ hutvā uddhaṃ <a name="M1.0025"></a> tiṭṭhatīti vuṭṭhānaṃ, vivaṭṭati parāvaṭṭati parammukhaṃ hotīti vivaṭṭanaṃ, vuṭṭhānañca taṃ vivaṭṭanañcāti vuṭṭhānavivaṭṭanaṃ. Tenevāha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Gotrabhuñāṇaṃ samudayassa asamucchindanato pavattā na vuṭṭhāti, nibbānārammaṇato pana nimittā vuṭṭhātīti ekato vuṭṭhānaṃ hotī’’ti (visuddhi. 2.827).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Puthujjanagottābhibhavanato ariyagottabhāvanato gotrabhu. Idañhi anulomañāṇehi padumapalāsato udakamiva sabbasaṅkhārato patilīyamānacittassa anulomañāṇassa āsevanante animittaṃ nibbānaṃ ārammaṇaṃ kurumānaṃ puthujjanagottaṃ puthujjanasaṅkhaṃ puthujjanabhūmiṃ atikkamamānaṃ ariyagottaṃ ariyasaṅkhaṃ ariyabhūmiṃ okkamamānaṃ nibbānārammaṇe paṭhamāvattanapaṭhamābhogapaṭhamasamannāhārabhūtaṃ maggassa anantarasamanantarāsevanaupanissayanatthivigatavasena chahi ākārehi paccayabhāvaṃ <a name="P1.0027"></a> sādhayamānaṃ sikhāppattaṃ vipassanāya muddhabhūtaṃ apunarāvattakaṃ uppajjati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para11"></a><span class="paranum">11</span>. <span class="bld">Dubhato vuṭṭhānavivaṭṭane paññā magge ñāṇa</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">dubhato</span>ti ubhato, dvayatoti vā vuttaṃ hoti. Kilesānaṃ samucchindanato kilesehi ca tadanuvattakakkhandhehi ca nibbānārammaṇakaraṇato bahiddhā sabbasaṅkhāranimittehi ca vuṭṭhāti vivaṭṭatīti dubhato vuṭṭhānavivaṭṭane paññā. Tenevāha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Cattāripi maggañāṇāni animittārammaṇattā nimittato vuṭṭhahanti, samudayassa samucchindanato pavattā vuṭṭhahantīti dubhato vuṭṭhānāni hontī’’ti (visuddhi. 2.827).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Magge ñāṇa</span>nti nibbānaṃ maggati pekkhati, nibbānatthikehi vā maggīyati anvesīyati, kilese vā mārento gacchati pavattatīti maggo, tasmiṃ magge ñāṇaṃ. Jātiggahaṇena ekavacanaṃ kataṃ. Tañhi gotrabhuñāṇassa anantaraṃ nibbānaṃ ārammaṇaṃ kurumānaṃ sayaṃvajjhe kilese niravasesaṃ samucchindamānaṃ anamataggasaṃsāravaṭṭadukkhasamuddaṃ sosayamānaṃ sabbāpāyadvārāni pidahamānaṃ sattaariyadhanasammukhībhāvaṃ kurumānaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ micchāmaggaṃ pajahamānaṃ sabbaverabhayāni <a name="V1.0024"></a><a name="M1.0026"></a> vūpasamayamānaṃ sammāsambuddhassa orasaputtabhāvamupanayamānaṃ aññāni ca anekāni ānisaṃsasatāni paṭilābhayamānaṃ maggañāṇaṃ uppajjati.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Ṭhātuṃ icchaṃ puriso, laṅghitvā mātikāya paratīre;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Vegenāgamma yathā, gaṇhitvā orimatiratarubaddhaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Rajjuṃ vā daṇḍaṃ vā, ullaṅghitvāna pāraninnatanu;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Pārāpanno pana taṃ, muñciya vedhaṃ patiṭṭhahati pāre.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Evaṃ yogāvacaro, sakkāyamayamhi orime tīre;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Diṭṭhabhayo abhaye pana, ṭhātuṃ icchaṃ amatapāre.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Udayabbayānupassa<a name="P1.0028"></a>, pabhutikavegena āgato rajjuṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Rūpāvhaṃ daṇḍaṃ vā, taditarakhandhāvhayaṃ sammā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Gaṇhitvā āvajjana, cittena hi pubbavuttanayatova;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Anulomehullaṅghiya, nibbutininno tadāsanopagato.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Taṃ muñciya gotrabhunā, aladdhaāsevanena tu pavedhaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Patito saṅkhatapāre, tato patiṭṭhāti maggañāṇena.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Passitukāmo candaṃ, cande channamhi abbhapaṭalehi;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Thulakasukhumasukhumesu, abbhesu haṭesu vāyunā kamato.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Candaṃ passeyya naro, yathā tathevānulomañāṇehi kamā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Saccacchādakamohe, vināsite pekkhate hi gotrabhu amataṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Vātā viya te candaṃ, amataṃ na hi pekkharenulomāni;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Puriso abbhāni yathā, gotrabhu na tamaṃ vinodeti.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Bhamitamhi <a name="V1.0025"></a> cakkayante, ṭhito naro aññadinnasaññāya;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Usupāte phalakasataṃ, apekkhamāno yathā vijjhe.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Evamidha maggañāṇaṃ, gotrabhunā dinnasaññamavihāya;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Nibbāne vattantaṃ, lobhakkhandhādike padāleti.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Saṃsāradukkhajaladhiṃ<a name="P1.0029"></a><a name="M1.0027"></a>, sosayati pidahati duggatidvāraṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Kurute ca ariyadhaninaṃ, micchāmaggañca pajahāti.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Verabhayāni samayate, karoti nāthassa orasasutattaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Aññe ca anekasate, ānīsaṃse dadāti ñāṇamidanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para12"></a><span class="paranum">12</span>. <span class="bld">Payogappaṭippassaddhipaññā phale ñāṇa</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">payogo</span>ti bhuso yogo, phalasacchikiriyāya maggabhāvanāya ubhato vuṭṭhānapayogo, tassa payogassa paṭippassambhanaṃ niṭṭhānaṃ payogapaṭippassaddhi. Kiṃ taṃ? Catumaggakiccapariyosānaṃ. Tassā payogapaṭippassaddhiyā hetubhūtāya pavattā phale paññā payogappaṭippassaddhipaññā. Phalati vipaccatīti phalaṃ, tasmiṃ phale taṃsampayuttaṃ ñāṇaṃ. Ekekassa hi maggañāṇassa anantarā tassa tasseva vipākabhūtāni nibbānārammaṇāni tīṇi vā dve vā ekaṃ vā phalacittāni uppajjanti. Anantaravipākattāyeva lokuttarakusalānaṃ ‘‘samādhimānantarikaññamāhū’’ti (khu. pā. 6.5; su. ni. 228) ca, ‘‘dandhaṃ ānantarikaṃ pāpuṇāti āsavānaṃ khayāyā’’ti (a. ni. 4.162) ca ādi vuttaṃ. Yassa dve anulomāni, tassa tatiyaṃ gotrabhu, catutthaṃ maggacittaṃ, tīṇi phalacittāni honti. Yassa tīṇi anulomāni, tassa catutthaṃ gotrabhu, pañcamaṃ maggacittaṃ, dve phalacittāni honti. Yassa cattāri anulomāni, tassa pañcamaṃ gotrabhu, chaṭṭhaṃ maggacittaṃ, ekaṃ phalacittaṃ hoti. Idaṃ maggavīthiyaṃ phalaṃ. Kālantaraphalaṃ pana samāpattivasena uppajjamānaṃ nirodhā vuṭṭhahantassa uppajjamānañca eteneva saṅgahitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para13"></a><span class="paranum">13</span>. <span class="bld">Chinnavaṭumānupassane paññā</span>ti tena tena ariyamaggena samucchinnaṃ taṃ taṃ upakkilesaṃ pacchā passane paññā. <span class="bld">Vimuttiñāṇa</span>nti vimuttiyā ñāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Vimuttī</span>ti ca upakkilesehi vimuttaṃ parisuddhaṃ cittaṃ, vimuttabhāvo vā. Tassā vimuttiyā <a name="P1.0030"></a> jānanaṃ ñāṇaṃ vimuttiñāṇaṃ. Kilesehi vimuttaṃ cittasantatimpi kilesehi vimuttabhāvampi paccavekkhanto kilesehi <a name="V1.0026"></a> na vinā paccavekkhatīti etena pahīnakilesapaccavekkhaṇaṃ vuttaṃ hoti. ‘‘Vimuttasmiṃ vimuttamiti ñāṇaṃ hotī’’ti (mahāva. 23; dī. ni. 1.248) hi idameva sandhāya vuttaṃ. Avasiṭṭhakilesapaccavekkhaṇaṃ pana avuttampi imināva vuttaṃ hotīti gahetabbaṃ. Vuttañca –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Vuttamhi <a name="M1.0028"></a> ekadhamme, ye dhammā ekalakkhaṇā tena;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Vuttā bhavanti sabbe, iti vutto lakkhaṇo hāro’’ti. (netti. 4.5 niddesavāra);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha vā arahato avasiṭṭhakilesapaccavekkhaṇābhāvā catunnaṃ ariyānaṃ labbhamānaṃ pahīnakilesapaccavekkhaṇameva vuttanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para14"></a><span class="paranum">14</span>. <span class="bld">Tadā samudāgate dhamme passane paññā</span>ti tadā maggakkhaṇe phalakkhaṇe ca samudāgate paṭilābhavasena ca paṭivedhavasena ca samāgate sampatte samaṅgibhūte maggaphaladhamme catusaccadhamme ca passanā pekkhaṇā pajānanā paññā. <span class="bld">Paccavekkhaṇe ñāṇa</span>nti nivattitvā bhusaṃ passanaṃ jānanaṃ ñāṇaṃ. Iminā ca ñāṇadvayena paccavekkhaṇañāṇāni vuttāni honti. Sotāpannassa hi maggavīthiyaṃ sotāpattiphalapariyosāne cittaṃ bhavaṅgaṃ otarati, tato bhavaṅgaṃ upacchinditvā maggapaccavekkhaṇatthāya manodvārāvajjanaṃ uppajjati, tasmiṃ niruddhe paṭipāṭiyā satta maggapaccavekkhaṇajavanānīti. Puna bhavaṅgaṃ otaritvā teneva nayena phalādīnaṃ paccavekkhaṇatthāya āvajjanādīni uppajjanti. Yesaṃ uppattiyā esa maggaṃ paccavekkhati, phalaṃ paccavekkhati, pahīnakilese paccavekkhati, avasiṭṭhakilese paccavekkhati, nibbānaṃ paccavekkhati. So hi ‘‘iminā vatāhaṃ maggena āgato’’ti maggaṃ paccavekkhati, tato ‘‘ayaṃ me ānisaṃso laddho’’ti phalaṃ paccavekkhati, tato ‘‘ime nāma me kilesā pahīnā’’ti pahīnakilese paccavekkhati, tato ‘‘ime nāma me kilesā avasiṭṭhā’’ti uparimaggavajjhe <a name="P1.0031"></a> kilese paccavekkhati, avasāne ‘‘ayaṃ me dhammo ārammaṇato paṭiladdho’’ti amataṃ nibbānaṃ paccavekkhati. Iti sotāpannassa ariyasāvakassa pañca paccavekkhaṇāni honti. Yathā ca sotāpannassa, evaṃ sakadāgāmianāgāmīnampi. Arahato pana avasiṭṭhakilesapaccavekkhaṇaṃ nāma natthīti cattāriyeva paccavekkhaṇāni. Evaṃ sabbāni ekūnavīsati paccavekkhaṇañāṇāni. Ukkaṭṭhaparicchedoyeva ceso. Pahīnāvasiṭṭhakilesapaccavekkhaṇaṃ sekkhānaṃ hoti vā na vā. Tassa hi abhāvatoyeva mahānāmo sakko bhagavantaṃ <a name="V1.0027"></a> pucchi ‘‘kosu nāma me dhammo ajjhattaṃ appahīno, yena me ekadā lobhadhammāpi cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhantī’’tiādi (ma. ni. 1.175).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha <a name="M1.0029"></a> dhammaṭṭhitiñāṇādīnaṃ ekādasannaṃ ñāṇānaṃ vibhāvanatthāya ayaṃ upamā veditabbā – yathā puriso ‘‘macche gahessāmī’’ti macchakhippaṃ gahetvā tadanurūpe udake osāretvā khippamukhena hatthaṃ otāretvā antoudake kaṇhasappaṃ macchasaññāya gīvāya daḷhaṃ gahetvā ‘‘mahā vata mayā maccho laddho’’ti tuṭṭho ukkhipitvā passanto sovatthikattayadassanena ‘‘sappo’’ti sañjānitvā bhīto ādīnavaṃ disvā gahaṇe nibbinno muñcitukāmo hutvā muñcanassa upāyaṃ karonto agganaṅguṭṭhato paṭṭhāya hatthaṃ nibbeṭhetvā bāhaṃ ukkhipitvā uparisīse dve tayo vāre paribbhametvā sappaṃ dubbalaṃ katvā ‘‘gaccha re duṭṭhasappā’’ti nissajjitvā vegena thalaṃ āruyha ṭhitova ‘‘mahantassa vata bho sappassa mukhato muttomhī’’ti haṭṭho āgatamaggaṃ olokeyya.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha tassa purisassa macchasaññāya kaṇhasappaṃ daḷhaṃ gahetvā tussanaṃ viya imassa yogino ādito bālaputhujjanassa aniccatādivasena bhayānakaṃ khandhapañcakaṃ niccādisaññāya ‘‘ahaṃ mamā’’ti diṭṭhitaṇhāhi daḷhaṃ gahetvā tussanaṃ, tassa khippamukhato sappaṃ nīharitvā sovatthikattayaṃ disvā ‘‘sappo’’ti sañjānanaṃ viya sappaccayanāmarūpapariggahena ghanavinibbhogaṃ katvā kalāpasammasanādīhi ñāṇehi khandhapañcakassa aniccatādilakkhaṇattayaṃ disvā ‘‘aniccaṃ dukkhamanattā’’ti tassa vavatthāpanaṃ<a name="P1.0032"></a>, tassa bhāyanaṃ viya imassa bhayatupaṭṭhānañāṇaṃ, sappe ādīnavadassanaṃ viya ādīnavānupassanāñāṇaṃ, sappagahaṇe nibbindanaṃ viya nibbidānupassanāñāṇaṃ, sappaṃ muñcitukāmatā viya muñcitukamyatāñāṇaṃ, muñcanassa upāyakaraṇaṃ viya paṭisaṅkhānupassanāñāṇaṃ, sappaṃ paribbhametvā dubbalaṃ katvā nivattitvā ḍaṃsituṃ asamatthabhāvapāpanaṃ viya tilakkhaṇāropanena saṅkhārupekkhānulomañāṇehi saṅkhāre paribbhametvā dubbalaṃ katvā puna niccasukhattākārena upaṭṭhātuṃ asamatthatāpāpanaṃ, sappavissajjanaṃ viya gotrabhuñāṇaṃ, sappaṃ vissajjetvā thalaṃ āruyha ṭhānaṃ viya nibbānathalaṃ āruyha ṭhitaṃ maggaphalañāṇaṃ, haṭṭhassa āgatamaggolokanaṃ viya maggādipaccavekkhaṇañāṇanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Imesañca sutamayañāṇādīnaṃ cuddasannaṃ ñāṇānaṃ uppattikkamena paṭipattikkamena ca desanakkamassa katattā paccavekkhaṇesu paṭhamaṃ kilesapaccavekkhaṇaṃ hoti, tato maggaphalanibbānapaccavekkhaṇānīti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Lokuttaraṃ <a name="V1.0028"></a><a name="M1.0030"></a> jhānaṃ bhāveti niyyānikaṃ apacayagāmiṃ diṭṭhigatānaṃ pahānāya, kāmarāgabyāpādānaṃ tanubhāvāya, kāmarāgabyāpādānaṃ anavasesappahānāya, rūparāgaarūparāgamānauddhaccaavijjānaṃ anavasesappahānāyā’’ti (dha. sa. 277, 361-363) ca kilesappahānaṃyeva adhikaṃ katvā maggapaṭipattiyā vuttattā paṭipattānurūpeneva kilesapaccavekkhaṇassa ādibhāvo yujjati, aṭṭhakathāyaṃ vuttakkamo pana dassitoyeva. So pana kamo pañcavidho uppattikkamo pahānakkamo paṭipattikkamo bhūmikkamo desanakkamoti.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Paṭhamaṃ kalalaṃ hoti, kalalā hoti abbudaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Abbudā jāyate pesi, pesi nibbattatī ghano’’ti. (saṃ. ni. 1.235) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Evamādi uppattikkamo. ‘‘Dassanena pahātabbā dhammā, bhāvanāya pahātabbā dhammā’’ti (dha. sa. tikamātikā 8) evamādi pahānakkamo. ‘‘Sīlavisuddhi cittavisuddhi diṭṭhivisuddhi kaṅkhāvitaraṇavisuddhi maggāmaggañāṇadassanavisuddhi paṭipadāñāṇadassanavisuddhi <a name="P1.0033"></a> ñāṇadassanavisuddhī’’ti evamādi paṭipattikkamo. ‘‘Kāmāvacarā dhammā, rūpāvacarā dhammā, arūpāvacarā dhammā’’ti (dha. sa. dukamātikā 93-95) evamādi bhūmikkamo. ‘‘Cattāro satipaṭṭhānā cattāro sammappadhānā cattāro iddhipādā pañcindriyāni pañca balāni satta bojjhaṅgā ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo’’ti (ma. ni. 3.43; mahāni. 191; cūḷani. mettagūmāṇavapucchāniddesa 22) vā, ‘‘anupubbikathaṃ kathesi. Seyyathidaṃ – dānakathaṃ sīlakathaṃ saggakathaṃ kāmānaṃ ādīnavaṃ okāraṃ saṃkilesaṃ nekkhamme ānisaṃsaṃ pakāsesī’’ti (mahāva. 31; dī. ni. 1.298; 2.83) vā evamādi desanakkamo. Idha pana cuddasannaṃ ñāṇānaṃ uppattikkamo paṭipattikkamo ca tadubhayavasena paṭipāṭiyā desitattā desanakkamo cāti tayo kamā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para15"></a><span class="paranum">15</span>. Idāni yasmā heṭṭhā sarūpena nāmarūpavavatthānañāṇaṃ na vuttaṃ, tasmā pañcadhā nāmarūpappabhedaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">ajjhattavavatthāne paññā vatthunānatte ñāṇa</span>ntiādīni pañca ñāṇāni uddiṭṭhāni. Sakale hi nāmarūpe vutte yaṃ pariggahetuṃ sakkā, yañca pariggahetabbaṃ, taṃ pariggahessati. Lokuttaranāmañhi pariggahetuñca na sakkā anadhigatattā, na ca pariggahetabbaṃ avipassanūpagattā. Tattha <span class="bld">ajjhattavavatthāne</span>ti ‘‘evaṃ pavattamānā mayaṃ attāti <a name="M1.0031"></a> gahaṇaṃ gamissāmā’’ti iminā viya adhippāyena attānaṃ adhikāraṃ katvā pavattāti ajjhattā. <span class="bld">Ajjhatta</span>saddo panāyaṃ gocarajjhatte niyakajjhatte ajjhattajjhatte visayajjhatteti catūsu atthesu dissati<a name="V1.0029"></a>. ‘‘Tena, ānanda, bhikkhunā tasmiṃyeva purimasmiṃ samādhinimitte ajjhattameva cittaṃ saṇṭhapetabbaṃ, ajjhattarato samāhito’’tiādīsu (dha. pa. 362) hi ayaṃ gocarajjhatte dissati. ‘‘Ajjhattaṃ sampasādanaṃ (dī. ni. 1.228; dha. sa. 161), ajjhattaṃ vā dhammesu dhammānupassī viharatī’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 2.373) niyakajjhatte. ‘‘Cha ajjhattikāni āyatanāni, ajjhattikā dhammā’’tiādīsu (dha. sa. tikamātikā 20) ajjhattajjhatte. ‘‘Ayaṃ kho, panānanda, vihāro tathāgatena abhisambuddho yadidaṃ sabbanimittānaṃ amanasikārā ajjhattaṃ suññataṃ upasampajja viharatī’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 3.187) visayajjhatte, issariyaṭṭhāneti <a name="P1.0034"></a> attho. Phalasamāpatti hi buddhānaṃ issariyaṭṭhānaṃ nāma. Idha pana ajjhattajjhatte daṭṭhabbo. Tesaṃ ajjhattānaṃ vavatthāne ajjhattavavatthāne. <span class="bld">Vatthunānatte</span>ti vatthūnaṃ nānābhāve, nānāvatthūsūti attho. Ettha javanamanoviññāṇassa paccayabhūto bhavaṅgamanopi cakkhādipañcakaṃ viya uppattiṭṭhānattā vatthūti vutto. Āvajjanampi tannissitameva kātabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="hangnum"><a name="para16"></a><span class="paranum">16</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"> <span class="bld">Bahiddhā</span>ti chahi ajjhattajjhattehi bahibhūtesu tesaṃ visayesu. <span class="bld">Gocaranānatte</span>ti visayanānatte.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para17"></a><span class="paranum">17</span>. <span class="bld">Cariyāvavatthāne</span>ti viññāṇacariyāaññāṇacariyāñāṇacariyāvasena cariyānaṃ vavatthāne. ‘‘Cariyavavatthāne’’ti rassaṃ katvāpi paṭhanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para18"></a><span class="paranum">18</span>. <span class="bld">Catudhammavavatthāne</span>ti kāmāvacarabhūmiādīnaṃ cuddasannaṃ catukkānaṃ vasena catunnaṃ catunnaṃ dhammānaṃ vavatthāne. <span class="bld">Bhūmī</span>ti ca ‘‘bhūmigatañca vehāsaṭṭhañcā’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 1.136) pathaviyaṃ vattati. ‘‘Abhūmiṃ tāta, mā sevā’’tiādīsu (jā. 1.6.34) visaye. ‘‘Sukhabhūmiyaṃ kāmāvacare’’tiādīsu (dha. sa. 988) uppajjanaṭṭhāne. Idha pana koṭṭhāse vattati. Paricchedetipi vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para19"></a><span class="paranum">19</span>. <span class="bld">Navadhammavavatthāne</span>ti <a name="M1.0032"></a> kāmāvacarakusalādivasena pāmojjamūlakavasena yoniso manasikāramūlakavasena ca navannaṃ navannaṃ dhammānaṃ vavatthāne. Imesu ca pañcasu ñāṇesu paṭhamaṃ ajjhattadhammā vavatthāpetabbāti vatthunānatte ñāṇaṃ paṭhamaṃ vuttaṃ, tato tesaṃ visayā vavatthāpetabbāti tadanantaraṃ gocaranānatte ñāṇaṃ vuttaṃ, tato parāni tīṇi ñāṇāni tiṇṇaṃ catunnaṃ navannaṃ vasena gaṇanānulomena vuttāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para20"></a><span class="paranum">20</span>. Idāni <a name="V1.0030"></a> yasmā nāmarūpasseva pabhedato vavatthāpanañāṇaṃ ñātapariññā, tadanantaraṃ tīraṇapariññā, tadanantaraṃ pahānapariññāti tisso pariññā. Taṃsambandhā ca bhāvanāsacchikiriyā honti, tasmā dhammanānattañāṇānantaraṃ ñātaṭṭhe <a name="P1.0035"></a> ñāṇādīni pañca ñāṇāni uddiṭṭhāni. Tisso hi pariññā ñātapariññā tīraṇapariññā pahānapariññā ca. Tattha ‘‘ruppanalakkhaṇaṃ rūpaṃ, vedayitalakkhaṇā vedanā’’ti evaṃ tesaṃ tesaṃ dhammānaṃ paccattalakkhaṇasallakkhaṇavasena pavattā paññā <span class="bld">ñātapariññā</span> nāma. ‘‘Rūpaṃ aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ anattā, vedanā aniccā dukkhā anattā’’tiādinā nayena tesaṃ tesaṃ dhammānaṃ sāmaññalakkhaṇaṃ āropetvā pavattā lakkhaṇārammaṇikavipassanāpaññā <span class="bld">tīraṇapariññā</span> nāma. Tesuyeva pana dhammesu niccasaññādipajahanavasena pavattā lakkhaṇārammaṇikavipassanāva <span class="bld">pahānapariññā</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha saṅkhāraparicchedato paṭṭhāya yāva paccayapariggahā ñātapariññāya bhūmi. Etasmiñhi antare dhammānaṃ paccattalakkhaṇapaṭivedhasseva ādhipaccaṃ hoti. Kalāpasammasanato paṭṭhāya yāva udayabbayānupassanā tīraṇapariññāya bhūmi. Etasmiñhi antare sāmaññalakkhaṇapaṭivedhasseva ādhipaccaṃ hoti. Bhaṅgānupassanaṃ ādiṃ katvā upari pahānapariññāya bhūmi. Tato paṭṭhāya hi ‘‘aniccato anupassanto niccasaññaṃ pajahati, dukkhato anupassanto sukhasaññaṃ pajahati, anattato anupassanto attasaññaṃ pajahati, nibbindanto nandiṃ pajahati, virajjanto rāgaṃ pajahati, nirodhento samudayaṃ pajahati, paṭinissajjanto ādānaṃ pajahatī’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.52) evaṃ niccasaññādipahānasādhikānaṃ sattannaṃ anupassanānaṃ ādhipaccaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="M1.0033"></a> <span class="bld">abhiññāpaññā</span>ti dhammānaṃ ruppanādisabhāvena jānanapaññā. Sā hi sobhanaṭṭhena abhisaddena ‘‘tesaṃ tesaṃ dhammānaṃ sabhāvajānanavasena sobhanaṃ jānana’’nti katvā abhiññāti vuccati. <span class="bld">Ñātaṭṭhe ñāṇa</span>nti jānanasabhāvaṃ ñāṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para21"></a><span class="paranum">21</span>. <span class="bld">Pariññāpaññā</span>ti jānanapaññā. Sā hi byāpanaṭṭhena parisaddena ‘‘aniccādisāmaññalakkhaṇavasena sakiccasamāpanavasena vā byāpitaṃ jānana’’nti katvā pariññāti vuccati. <span class="bld">Tīraṇaṭṭhe ñāṇa</span>nti upaparikkhaṇasabhāvaṃ, sammasanasabhāvaṃ vā ñāṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para22"></a><span class="paranum">22</span>. <span class="bld">Pahāne</span> <a name="V1.0031"></a> <span class="bld">paññā</span>ti niccasaññādīnaṃ pajahanā paññā, pajahatīti vā, pajahanti etenāti vā pahānaṃ. <span class="bld">Pariccāgaṭṭhe</span> <a name="P1.0036"></a> <span class="bld">ñāṇa</span>nti pariccajanasabhāvaṃ ñāṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para23"></a><span class="paranum">23</span>. <span class="bld">Bhāvanāpaññā</span>ti vaḍḍhanapaññā. <span class="bld">Ekarasaṭṭhe ñāṇa</span>nti ekakiccasabhāvaṃ ñāṇaṃ, vimuttirasena vā ekarasasabhāvaṃ ñāṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para24"></a><span class="paranum">24</span>. <span class="bld">Sacchikiriyāpaññā</span>ti paṭivedhavasena paṭilābhavasena vā paccakkhakaraṇapaññā. <span class="bld">Phassanaṭṭhe ñāṇa</span>nti tadubhayavaseneva vindanasabhāvaṃ ñāṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para25-28"></a><span class="paranum">25-28</span>. Idāni yasmā pahānabhāvanāsacchikiriyañāṇāni ariyamaggaphalasampayuttānipi honti, tasmā tadanantaraṃ ariyapuggalānaṃyeva labbhamānāni cattāri paṭisambhidāñāṇāni uddiṭṭhāni. Tatthāpi paccayuppanno attho dukkhasaccaṃ viya pākaṭo suviññeyyo cāti paṭhamaṃ <span class="bld">atthapaṭisambhidāñāṇaṃ</span> uddiṭṭhaṃ, tassa atthassa hetudhammavisayattā tadanantaraṃ <span class="bld">dhammapaṭisambhidāñāṇaṃ,</span> tadubhayassa niruttivisayattā tadanantaraṃ <span class="bld">niruttipaṭisambhidāñāṇaṃ,</span> tesu tīsupi ñāṇesu pavattanato tadanantaraṃ <span class="bld">paṭibhānapaṭisambhidāñāṇaṃ</span>. Pa-kāraṃ dīghaṃ katvā ca paṭhanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para29-31"></a><span class="paranum">29-31</span>. Ito parāni vihāraṭṭhe ñāṇādīni tīṇi ñāṇāni ariyānaṃyeva sambhavato paṭisambhidāpabhedato ca paṭisambhidāñāṇānantaraṃ uddiṭṭhāni. Vihāraṭṭhe ñāṇañhi dhammapaṭisambhidā hoti, samāpattaṭṭhe ñāṇaṃ <a name="M1.0034"></a> atthapaṭisambhidā. Dhammasabhāve ñāṇañhi paṭisambhidākathāyaṃ (paṭi. ma. 2.30) dhammapaṭisambhidāti vuttaṃ. Nibbāne ñāṇaṃ pana atthapaṭisambhidā eva. Tattha <span class="bld">vihāranānatte</span>ti aniccānupassanādivasena nānāvipassanāvihāre. <span class="bld">Vihāraṭṭhe</span>ti vipassanāvihārasabhāve. <span class="bld">Vihāro</span>ti ca sasampayuttā vipassanā eva. <span class="bld">Samāpattinānatte</span>ti animittādivasena nānāphalasamāpattiyaṃ. <span class="bld">Samāpattī</span>ti ca lokuttaraphalabhūtā cittacetasikadhammā. <span class="bld">Vihārasamāpattinānatte</span>ti ubhayavasena vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para32"></a><span class="paranum">32</span>. Tato vihārasamāpattiñāṇasādhakassa ‘‘dubhato vuṭṭhānavivaṭṭane paññā’’ti pubbe vuttassāpi maggañāṇassa āsavasamucchedasamatthataṃ anantaraphaladāyakattañca kāraṇena visesetvā aparenākārena vattukāmena tadeva ‘‘ānantarikasamādhimhi ñāṇa’’nti uddiṭṭhaṃ. Tattha <a name="P1.0037"></a> <span class="bld">avikkhepaparisuddhattā</span>ti vikkhipati tena cittanti vikkhepo, uddhaccassetaṃ nāmaṃ. Na vikkhepo avikkhepo, uddhaccapaṭipakkhassa samādhissetaṃ nāmaṃ. Parisuddhassa bhāvo parisuddhattaṃ, avikkhepassa <a name="V1.0032"></a> parisuddhattaṃ avikkhepaparisuddhattaṃ, tasmā avikkhepaparisuddhattā samādhissa parisuddhabhāvenāti attho. Idañhi āsavasamucchedassa anantaraphaladāyakattassa ca kāraṇavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Āsavasamucchede</span>ti ettha āsavantīti āsavā, cakkhutopi…pe… manatopi sandanti pavattantīti vuttaṃ hoti. Dhammato yāva gotrabhuṃ, okāsato yāva bhavaggaṃ savantīti vā āsavā, etaṃ dhammaṃ etañca okāsaṃ antokaritvā pavattantīti attho. Antokaraṇattho hi ayaṃ ā-kāro. Cirapārivāsikaṭṭhena madirādayo āsavā viyātipi āsavā. Lokasmiñhi cirapārivāsikā madirādayo āsavāti vuccanti. Yadi ca cirapārivāsikaṭṭhena āsavā, eteyeva bhavitumarahanti. Vuttañhetaṃ –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Purimā, bhikkhave, koṭi na paññāyati avijjāya, ito pubbe avijjā nāhosi, atha pacchā samabhavī’’tiādi.</p>
<p class="unindented">Āyataṃ vā saṃsāradukkhaṃ savanti pasavantītipi āsavā, samucchijjati etenāti samucchedo. <span class="bld">Paññā</span>ti kāmāsavādīnaṃ catunnaṃ āsavānaṃ samucchede paññā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ānantarikasamādhimhi</span> <a name="M1.0035"></a> <span class="bld">ñāṇa</span>nti attano pavattisamanantaraṃ niyameneva phalappadānato ānantarikoti laddhanāmo maggasamādhi. Na hi maggasamādhimhi uppanne tassa phaluppattinisedhako koci antarāyo atthi. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Ayañca puggalo sotāpattiphalasacchikiriyāya paṭipanno assa, kappassa ca uḍḍayhanavelā assa, neva tāva kappo uḍḍayheyya, yāvāyaṃ puggalo na sotāpattiphalaṃ sacchikaroti, ayaṃ vuccati puggalo ṭhitakappī. Sabbepi maggasamaṅgino puggalā ṭhitakappino’’ti (pu. pa. 17).</p>
<p class="unindented">Idaṃ tena ānantarikasamādhinā sampayuttaṃ ñāṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para33"></a><span class="paranum">33</span>. Iminā maggañāṇena phalappattānaṃ ariyānaṃyeva sambhavato imassa ñāṇassa anantaraṃ araṇavihārañāṇādīni cattāri ñāṇāni uddiṭṭhāni. Tatrāpi ca arahatoyeva satatameva <a name="P1.0038"></a> ca sambhavato araṇavihāre ñāṇaṃ paṭhamaṃ uddiṭṭhaṃ, tadanantaraṃ nirodhassa anāgāmiarahantānaṃ sambhavepi bahusambhārattā visesena ca nirodhassa nibbānasammatattā ca nirodhasamāpattiyā <a name="V1.0033"></a> ñāṇaṃ uddiṭṭhaṃ, tadanantaraṃ parinibbānassa kālantare parinibbānakālaṃ āhacca ṭhitattā dīghakālikanti parinibbāne ñāṇaṃ uddiṭṭhaṃ, tadanantaraṃ samasīsaṭṭhassa sabbakilesakhayānantaraṃ parinibbānakālaṃ āhacca ṭhitattā rassakālikanti samasīsaṭṭhe ñāṇaṃ uddiṭṭhaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">santo cā</span>ti <span class="bld">ca</span>-kāro dassanādhipateyyañca santo vihārādhigamo ca paṇītādhimuttatā cāti tīhipi padehi sambandhitabbo. <span class="bld">Dassana</span>nti vipassanāñāṇaṃ, adhipatiyeva ādhipateyyaṃ, adhipatito vā āgatattā ādhipateyyaṃ, dassanañca taṃ ādhipateyyañcāti <span class="bld">dassanādhipateyyaṃ</span>. Viharatīti vihāro, viharanti tena vāti vihāro, adhigammati pāpuṇīyatīti adhigamo, vihāro eva adhigamo <span class="bld">vihārādhigamo</span>. So ca kilesapariḷāhavirahitattā nibbutoti <span class="bld">santo</span>. So ca arahattaphalasamāpattipaññā. Uttamaṭṭhena atappakaṭṭhena ca <span class="bld">paṇīto,</span> padhānabhāvaṃ nītoti vā paṇīto, paṇīte adhimutto visaṭṭhacitto tapparamo paṇītādhimutto, tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">paṇītādhimuttatā</span>. Sā ca phalasamāpattādhimuttā pubbabhāgapaññā eva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Araṇavihāre</span>ti <a name="M1.0036"></a> nikkilesavihāre. Rāgādayo hi raṇanti satte cuṇṇenti pīḷentīti raṇā, raṇanti etehi sattā kandanti paridevantīti vā raṇā. Vutto tividhopi vihāro. Natthi etassa raṇāti araṇo. Vividhe paccanīkadhamme haranti etenāti vihāro. Tasmiṃ araṇe vihāre. Niddesavāre (paṭi. ma. 1.82) vuttapaṭhamajjhānādīni ca paṇītādhimuttatāya eva saṅgahitāni. Phalasamāpattiṃ samāpajjitukāmatāya hi paṭhamajjhānādiṃ samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhāya jhānasampayuttadhamme vipassati, yā ca araṇavibhaṅgasuttante (ma. ni. 3.323 ādayo) bhagavatā desitā araṇapaṭipadā, sāpi imināva saṅgahitāti veditabbā<a name="P1.0039"></a>. Vuttañhi tattha bhagavatā –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Araṇavibhaṅgaṃ vo, bhikkhave, desessāmi…pe… na kāmasukhaṃ anuyuñjeyya hīnaṃ gammaṃ pothujjanikaṃ anariyaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ, na ca attakilamathānuyogaṃ anuyuñjeyya dukkhaṃ anariyaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ. Ete kho, bhikkhave, ubho ante anupagamma majjhimā paṭipadā tathāgatena abhisambuddhā cakkhukaraṇī ñāṇakaraṇī upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattati. Ussādanañca jaññā, apasādanañca jaññā, ussādanañca ñatvā apasādanañca ñatvā nevussādeyya na apasādeyya, dhammameva deseyya. Sukhavinicchayaṃ jaññā, sukhavinicchayaṃ ñatvā ajjhattaṃ sukhamanuyuñjeyya, rahovādaṃ na bhāseyya, sammukhā na khīṇaṃ bhaṇe, ataramānova bhāseyya no taramāno, janapadaniruttiṃ nābhiniveseyya, samaññaṃ nātidhāveyyāti. Ayamuddeso araṇavibhaṅgassa <a name="V1.0034"></a> …pe… tatra, bhikkhave, yo kāmapaṭisandhisukhino somanassānuyogaṃ ananuyogo hīnaṃ…pe… anatthasaṃhitaṃ, adukkho eso dhammo avighāto anupāyāso apariḷāho sammāpaṭipadā. Tasmā eso dhammo araṇo…pe… tatra, bhikkhave, yo attakilamathānuyogaṃ ananuyogo dukkhaṃ anariyaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ. Adukkho eso dhammo <a name="M1.0037"></a>…pe… tasmā eso dhammo araṇo. Tatra, bhikkhave, yāyaṃ majjhimā paṭipadā tathāgatena abhisambuddhā…pe… adukkho eso dhammo…pe… tasmā eso dhammo araṇo…pe… tatra, bhikkhave, yāyaṃ nevussādanā na apasādanā dhammadesanā ca, adukkho eso dhammo…pe… tasmā eso dhammo araṇo…pe… tatra, bhikkhave, yadidaṃ nekkhammasukhaṃ pavivekasukhaṃ upasamasukhaṃ sambodhisukhaṃ, adukkho eso dhammo…pe… tasmā eso dhammo araṇo…pe… tatra, bhikkhave, yvāyaṃ rahovādo bhūto taccho atthasaṃhito, adukkho eso dhammo…pe… tasmā eso dhammo araṇo <a name="P1.0040"></a>…pe… tatra, bhikkhave, yvāyaṃ sammukhā khīṇavādo bhūto taccho atthasaṃhito, adukkho eso dhammo…pe… tasmā eso dhammo araṇo…pe… tatra, bhikkhave, yadidaṃ ataramānassa bhāsitaṃ, adukkho eso dhammo…pe… tasmā eso dhammo araṇo…pe… tatra, bhikkhave, yvāyaṃ janapadaniruttiyā ca anabhiniveso samaññāya ca anatisāro, adukkho eso dhammo…pe… tasmā eso dhammo araṇoti. Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, saraṇañca dhammaṃ jānissāma, araṇañca dhammaṃ jānissāma. Saraṇañca dhammaṃ ñatvā araṇañca dhammaṃ ñatvā araṇaṃ paṭipadaṃ paṭipajjissāmāti evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabbaṃ. Subhūti ca pana, bhikkhave, kulaputto araṇapaṭipadaṃ paṭipanno’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha majjhimā paṭipadā dassanādhipateyyena ca santena vihārādhigamena ca saṅgahitā. Kāmasukhaṃ attakilamathaṃ ananuyogo majjhimā paṭipadā eva. Arahato hi vipassanāpubbabhāgamajjhimā paṭipadā hoti, arahattaphalasamāpatti aṭṭhaṅgamaggavasena majjhimā paṭipadā ca. Sesā pana paṇītādhimuttatāya eva saṅgahitāti veditabbā. Kiñcāpi sabbepi arahanto araṇavihārino, aññe arahanto dhammaṃ desentā ‘‘sammāpaṭipanne sammāpaṭipannā’’ti ‘‘micchāpaṭipanne micchāpaṭipannā’’ti puggalavasenāpi ussādanāpasādanāni katvā dhammaṃ desenti. <span class="bld">Subhūtitthero</span> pana ‘‘ayaṃ micchāpaṭipadā, ayaṃ sammāpaṭipadā’’ti dhammavaseneva dhammaṃ desesi. Teneva bhagavā taṃyeva araṇapaṭipadaṃ paṭipannoti ca vaṇṇesi, ‘‘etadaggaṃ, bhikkhave, mama <a name="V1.0035"></a> sāvakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ araṇavihārīnaṃ yadidaṃ subhūtī’’ti (a. ni. 1.198, 201) ca araṇavihārīnaṃ aggaṭṭhāne ṭhapesīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para34"></a><span class="paranum">34</span>. <span class="bld">Dvīhi balehī</span>ti samathabalavipassanābalehi. <span class="bld">Samannāgatattā</span>ti yuttattā paripuṇṇattā vā. <span class="bld">Tayo cā</span>ti vibhattivipallāso, tiṇṇañcāti vuttaṃ <a name="M1.0038"></a> hoti. <span class="bld">Saṅkhārāna</span>nti vacīsaṅkhārakāyasaṅkhāracittasaṅkhārānaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭippassaddhiyā</span>ti paṭippassaddhatthaṃ nirodhatthaṃ, appavattatthanti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Soḷasahī</span>ti aniccānupassanādīni aṭṭha, maggaphalāni <a name="P1.0041"></a> aṭṭhāti soḷasahi. <span class="bld">Ñāṇacariyāhī</span>ti ñāṇappavattīhi. <span class="bld">Navahī</span>ti rūpārūpāvacarasamādhi tadupacāro cāti navahi. <span class="bld">Vasibhāvatā paññā</span>ti lahutā, yathāsukhavattanaṃ issariyaṃ vaso, so assa atthīti vasī, vasino bhāvo vasibhāvo, vasibhāvo eva vasibhāvatā, yathā pāṭikulyameva pāṭikulyatā. Evaṃvidhā paññā vasibhāvatāya paññāti vā attho. Si-kāraṃ dīghaṃ katvā ca paṭhanti. Samannāgatattā ca paṭippassaddhiyā ca ñāṇacariyāhi ca samādhicariyāhi cāti ca-kāro sambandhitabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nirodhasamāpattiyā ñāṇa</span>nti anāgāmiarahantānaṃ nirodhasamāpattinimittaṃ ñāṇaṃ, yathā ajinamhi haññate dīpīti. <span class="bld">Nirodhasamāpattī</span>ti ca nevasaññānāsaññāyatanassa abhāvamattaṃ, na koci dhammo, paññattimattaṃ abhāvamattattā nirodhoti ca. Samāpajjantena samāpajjīyati nāmāti samāpattīti ca vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para35"></a><span class="paranum">35</span>. <span class="bld">Sampajānassā</span>ti sammā pakārehi jānātīti sampajāno. Tassa sampajānassa. <span class="bld">Pavattapariyādāne</span>ti pavattanaṃ pavattaṃ, samudācāroti attho. Kilesapavattaṃ khandhapavattañca. Tassa pavattassa pariyādānaṃ parikkhayo appavatti pavattapariyādānaṃ. Tasmiṃ pavattapariyādāne. <span class="bld">Parinibbāne ñāṇa</span>nti arahato kāmacchandādīnaṃ parinibbānaṃ appavattaṃ anupādisesaparinibbānañca paccavekkhantassa tasmiṃ kilesaparinibbāne khandhaparinibbāne ca pavattaṃ ñāṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para36"></a><span class="paranum">36</span>. <span class="bld">Sabbadhammāna</span>nti sabbesaṃ tebhūmakadhammānaṃ. <span class="bld">Sammā samucchede</span>ti santatisamucchedavasena suṭṭhu nirodhe. <span class="bld">Nirodhe ca anupaṭṭhānatā</span>ti nirodhe gate puna na upaṭṭhānatāya, puna anuppattiyanti attho. Sammāsamucchede ca nirodhe ca anupaṭṭhānatā cāti ca-kāro sambandhitabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samasīsaṭṭhe ñāṇa</span>nti nekkhammādīni sattatiṃsa samāni, taṇhādīni terasa sīsāni. Paccanīkadhammānaṃ samitattā samāni, yathāyogaṃ padhānattā ca koṭittā ca sīsāni. Ekasmiṃ iriyāpathe vā ekasmiṃ <a name="V1.0036"></a><a name="M1.0039"></a> roge vā sabhāgasantativasena ekasmiṃ jīvitindriye vā nekkhammādīni samāni ca saddhādīni sīsāni ca assa santīti samasīsī, samasīsissa <a name="P1.0042"></a> attho samasīsaṭṭho. Tasmiṃ samasīsaṭṭhe, samasīsibhāveti attho. Ekasmiṃ iriyāpathe roge vā sabhāgasantativasena jīvite vā vipassanaṃ ārabhitvā tasmiṃyeva iriyāpathe roge sabhāgajīvite vā cattāri maggaphalāni patvā, tasmiṃyeva parinibbāyantassa arahatoyeva samasīsibhāvo hotīti tasmiṃ samasīsibhāve ñāṇanti vuttaṃ hoti. Vuttañca puggalapaññattiyaṃ (pu. pa. 16), tassā ca aṭṭhakathāyaṃ (pu. pa. aṭṭha. 16) –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Katamo ca puggalo samasīsī? Yassa puggalassa apubbaṃ acarimaṃ āsavapariyādānañca hoti jīvitapariyādānañca. Ayaṃ vuccati puggalo samasīsī’’ti (pu. pa. 16).</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Samasīsiniddese <span class="bld">apubbaṃ acarima</span>nti apure apacchā, santatipaccuppannavasena ekavāraṃyeva, ekakālaṃyevāti attho. <span class="bld">Pariyādāna</span>nti parikkhayo. <span class="bld">Aya</span>nti ayaṃ puggalo samasīsī nāma vuccati. So panesa tividho hoti iriyāpathasamasīsī rogasamasīsī jīvitasamasīsīti. Tattha yo caṅkamantova vipassanaṃ ārabhitvā arahattaṃ patvā caṅkamantova parinibbāti, yo ṭhitakova vipassanaṃ ārabhitvā arahattaṃ patvā ṭhitakova parinibbāti, yo nisinnova vipassanaṃ ārabhitvā arahattaṃ patvā nisinnova parinibbāti, yo nipannova vipassanaṃ ārabhitvā arahattaṃ patvā nipannova parinibbāti, ayaṃ <span class="bld">iriyāpathasamasīsī</span> nāma. Yo pana ekaṃ rogaṃ patvā antorogeyeva vipassanaṃ ārabhitvā arahattaṃ patvā teneva rogena parinibbāti, ayaṃ <span class="bld">rogasamasīsī</span> nāma. Kataro jīvitasamasīsī? Terasa sīsāni. Tattha kilesasīsaṃ avijjaṃ arahattamaggo pariyādiyati, pavattasīsaṃ jīvitindriyaṃ cuticittaṃ pariyādiyati, avijjāpariyādāyakaṃ cittaṃ jīvitindriyaṃ pariyādātuṃ na sakkoti, jīvitindriyapariyādāyakaṃ cittaṃ avijjaṃ pariyādātuṃ na sakkoti. Avijjāpariyādāyakaṃ cittaṃ aññaṃ, jīvitindriyapariyādāyakaṃ cittaṃ aññaṃ. Yassa cetaṃ sīsadvayaṃ samaṃ pariyādānaṃ gacchati, so <span class="bld">jīvitasamasīsī</span> nāma. Kathamidaṃ samaṃ hotīti? Vārasamatāya. Yasmiñhi vāre <a name="M1.0040"></a> maggavuṭṭhānaṃ hoti. Sotāpattimagge pañca paccavekkhaṇāni, sakadāgāmimagge pañca, anāgāmimagge pañca, arahattamagge cattārīti ekūnavīsatime paccavekkhaṇañāṇe patiṭṭhāya bhavaṅgaṃ otaritvā parinibbāyati. Imāya vārasamatāya eva ubhayasīsapariyādānampi <a name="P1.0043"></a> samaṃ hoti nāma. Tenāyaṃ puggalo ‘jīvitasamasīsī’ti vuccati. Ayameva ca idha adhippeto’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para37"></a><span class="paranum">37</span>. Idāni <a name="V1.0037"></a> yasmā sutamayasīlamayabhāvanāmayañāṇāni vaṭṭapādakāni sallekhā nāma na honti, lokuttarapādakāneva etāni ca aññāni ca ñāṇāni sallekhāti vuccanti, tasmā paccanīkasallekhanākārena pavattāni ñāṇāni dassetuṃ samasīsaṭṭhe ñāṇānantaraṃ sallekhaṭṭhe ñāṇaṃ uddiṭṭhaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">puthunānattatejapariyādāne paññā</span>ti lokuttarehi asammissaṭṭhena puthūnaṃ rāgādīnañca nānattānaṃ nānāsabhāvānaṃ kāmacchandādīnañca santāpanaṭṭhena ‘‘tejā’’ti laddhanāmānaṃ dussīlyādīnañca pariyādāne khepane paññā, nekkhammādimhi sattatiṃsabhede dhamme paññāti vuttaṃ hoti. Atha vā puthubhūtā nānattabhūtā ca tejā eva tesaṃ puthubhūtānaṃ nānattabhūtānaṃ dussīlyādīnaṃ pañcannaṃ tejānaṃ pariyādāne paññāti attho. Tejehiyeva puthūnaṃ nānattānañca saṅgahaṃ niddesavāre pakāsayissāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sallekhaṭṭhe ñāṇa</span>nti paccanīkadhamme sallekhati samucchindatīti sallekho, tasmiṃ nekkhammādike sattatiṃsappabhede sallekhasabhāve ñāṇaṃ. ‘‘Pare vihiṃsakā bhavissanti, mayamettha avihiṃsakā bhavissāmāti sallekho karaṇīyo’’tiādinā (ma. ni. 1.83) nayena bhagavatā sallekhasuttante vutto catucattālīsabhedopi sallekho iminā saṅgahitoyevāti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para38"></a><span class="paranum">38</span>. Idāni sallekhe ṭhitena kattabbaṃ sammappadhānavīriyaṃ dassetuṃ tadanantaraṃ vīriyārambhe ñāṇaṃ uddiṭṭhaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">asallīnattapahitattapaggahaṭṭhe</span>ti kosajjavasena asallīno asaṅkucito attā assāti asallīnatto. <span class="bld">Attā</span>ti cittaṃ. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Udakañhi nayanti nettikā, usukārā namayanti tejanaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Dāruṃ namayanti tacchakā, attānaṃ damayanti paṇḍitā’’ti. ādi (dha. pa. 80-82) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Kāye <a name="M1.0041"></a> ca jīvite ca anapekkhatāya pahito pesito vissaṭṭho attā etenāti pahitatto. <span class="bld">Attā</span>ti attabhāvo. Yathāha – ‘‘yā pana bhikkhunī attānaṃ vadhitvā vadhitvā rodeyyā’’tiādi (pāci. 880)<a name="P1.0044"></a>. Asallīnatto ca so pahitatto cāti asallīnattapahitatto. Sahajātadhamme paggaṇhāti upatthambhetīti paggaho, paggaho eva attho paggahaṭṭho, paggahasabhāvoti attho. Asallīnattapahitattassa paggahaṭṭho asallīnattapahitattapaggahaṭṭho. Tasmiṃ asallīnattapahitattapaggahaṭṭhe. ‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, tumhepi appaṭivānaṃ padaheyyātha. Kāmaṃ taco ca nhāru <a name="V1.0038"></a> ca aṭṭhi ca avasissatu, upasussatu sarīre maṃsalohitaṃ. Yaṃ taṃ purisathāmena purisavīriyena purisaparakkamena pattabbaṃ, na taṃ apāpuṇitvā vīriyassa saṇṭhānaṃ bhavissatī’’ti (a. ni. 2.5) vuttattā asallīnattapahitattavacanena padhānasmiṃ appaṭivānitā anivattanatā vuttā. Paggahaṭṭhavacanena pana kosajjuddhaccavimuttaṃ samappavattaṃ vīriyaṃ vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vīriyārambhe ñāṇa</span>nti vīrabhāvo vīriyaṃ, vīrānaṃ vā kammaṃ, vidhinā vā nayena upāyena īrayitabbaṃ pavattayitabbanti vīriyaṃ. Tadetaṃ ussāhalakkhaṇaṃ, sahajātānaṃ dhammānaṃ upatthambhanarasaṃ, asaṃsīdanabhāvapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ, ‘‘saṃviggo yoniso padahatī’’ti (a. ni. 4.113) vacanato saṃvegapadaṭṭhānaṃ, vīriyārambhavatthupadaṭṭhānaṃ vā. Sammā āraddhaṃ sabbasampattīnaṃ mūlaṃ hotīti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Vīriyasaṅkhāto ārambho vīriyārambho. Iminā sesārambhe paṭikkhipati. Ayañhi <span class="bld">ārambha</span>saddo kamme āpattiyaṃ kiriyāyaṃ vīriye hiṃsāyaṃ vikopaneti anekesu atthesu āgato.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yaṃkiñci dukkhaṃ sambhoti, sabbaṃ ārambhapaccayā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Ārambhānaṃ nirodhena, natthi dukkhassa sambhavo’’ti. (su. ni. 749) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Ettha hi kammaṃ ārambhoti āgataṃ. ‘‘Ārambhati ca vippaṭisārī ca hotī’’ti (a. ni. 5.142; pu. pa. 191) ettha āpatti. ‘‘Mahāyaññā mahārambhā, na te honti mahapphalā’’ti (a. ni. 4.39; saṃ. ni. 1.120) ettha yūpussāpanādikiriyā. ‘‘Ārambhatha nikkamatha, yuñjatha buddhasāsane’’ti (saṃ. ni. 1.185) ettha vīriyaṃ. ‘‘Samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ uddissa pāṇaṃ ārambhantī’’ti (ma. ni. 2.51-52) ettha hiṃsā. ‘‘Bījagāmabhūtagāmasamārambhā <a name="P1.0045"></a> paṭivirato hotī’’ti <a name="M1.0042"></a> (dī. ni. 1.10; ma. ni. 1.293) ettha chedanabhañjanādikaṃ vikopanaṃ. Idha pana vīriyameva adhippetaṃ. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘vīriyasaṅkhāto ārambho vīriyārambho’’ti. Vīriyañhi ārabhanakavasena ārambhoti vuccati. Tasmiṃ vīriyārambhe ñāṇaṃ. Asallīnattā pahitattātipi paṭhanti, asallīnabhāvena pahitabhāvenāti attho. Purimapāṭhoyeva sundaro. Keci pana ‘‘satidhammavicayavīriyapītisambojjhaṅgānaṃ samatā asallīnattatā, satisamādhipassaddhiupekkhāsambojjhaṅgānaṃ samatā pahitattatā, sattannaṃ sambojjhaṅgānaṃ samatā paggahaṭṭho’’ti vaṇṇayanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para39"></a><span class="paranum">39</span>. Idāni sammāvāyāmasiddhaṃ maggaphalaṃ pattena lokahitatthaṃ dhammadesanā kātabbāti dassetuṃ <a name="V1.0039"></a> tadanantaraṃ atthasandassane ñāṇaṃ uddiṭṭhaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">nānādhammappakāsanatā</span>ti sabbasaṅkhatāsaṅkhatavasena nānādhammānaṃ pakāsanatā dīpanatā desanatā. <span class="bld">Pakāsanatā</span>ti ca pakāsanā eva. <span class="bld">Atthasandassane</span>ti nānāatthānaṃ paresaṃ sandassane. Dhammā ca atthā ca te eva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para40"></a><span class="paranum">40</span>. Idāni paresaṃ dhammiyā kathāya sandassentassa tassa ariyapuggalassa yathāsabhāvadhammadesanākāraṇaṃ dassanavisuddhiṃ dassetuṃ tadanantaraṃ dassanavisuddhiñāṇaṃ uddiṭṭhaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">sabbadhammānaṃ ekasaṅgahatā nānattekattapaṭivedhe</span>ti sabbesaṃ saṅkhatāsaṅkhatadhammānaṃ ekasaṅgahatāya ca kāmacchandādīnaṃ nānattassa ca nekkhammādīnaṃ ekattassa ca paṭivedho, abhisamayoti attho. So pana maggapaññā phalapaññā ca. Maggapaññā saccābhisamayakkhaṇe saccābhisamayavasena paṭivijjhatīti paṭivedho, phalapaññā paṭividdhattā paṭivedho. <span class="bld">Ekasaṅgahatā</span>ti ettha jātisaṅgaho, sañjātisaṅgaho, kiriyāsaṅgaho, gaṇanasaṅgahoti catubbidho saṅgaho. Tattha ‘‘sabbe khattiyā āgacchantu, sabbe brāhmaṇā, sabbe vessā, sabbe suddā āgacchantu’’, ‘‘yā, cāvuso visākha, sammāvācā, yo ca sammākammanto, yo ca sammāājīvo, ime dhammā sīlakkhandhe saṅgahitā’’ti (ma. ni. 1.462) ayaṃ <span class="bld">jātisaṅgaho</span> nāma. ‘‘Ekajātikā āgacchantū’’ti <a name="P1.0046"></a> vuttaṭṭhāne viya hi idha sabbe jātiyā ekasaṅgahitā. ‘‘Sabbe kosalakā āgacchantu, sabbe <a name="M1.0043"></a> māgadhikā, sabbe bhārukacchakā āgacchantu’’, ‘‘yo, cāvuso visākha, sammāvāyāmo, yā ca sammāsati, yo ca sammāsamādhi, ime dhammā samādhikkhandhe saṅgahitā’’ti (ma. ni. 1.462) ayaṃ <span class="bld">sañjātisaṅgaho</span> nāma. ‘‘Ekaṭṭhāne jātā saṃvaḍḍhā āgacchantū’’ti vuttaṭṭhāne viya hi idha sabbe jātiṭṭhānena nivutthokāsena ekasaṅgahitā. ‘‘Sabbe hatthārohā āgacchantu, sabbe assārohā āgacchantu, sabbe rathikā āgacchantu’’, ‘‘yā, cāvuso visākha, sammādiṭṭhi, yo ca sammāsaṅkappo, ime dhammā paññākkhandhe saṅgahitā’’ti (ma. ni. 1.462) ayaṃ <span class="bld">kiriyāsaṅgaho</span> nāma. Sabbeva hi te attano kiriyākaraṇena ekasaṅgahitā. ‘‘Cakkhāyatanaṃ katamaṃ khandhagaṇanaṃ gacchati, cakkhāyatanaṃ rūpakkhandhagaṇanaṃ gacchati. Hañci cakkhāyatanaṃ rūpakkhandhagaṇanaṃ gacchati, tena vata re vattabbe cakkhāyatanaṃ rūpakkhandhena saṅgahita’’nti (kathā. 471) ayaṃ <span class="bld">gaṇanasaṅgaho</span> nāma. Ayamidha adhippeto. Tathaṭṭhādīsu dvādasasu ākāresu visuṃ visuṃ ekena saṅgaho gaṇanaparicchedo etesanti ekasaṅgahā, ekasaṅgahānaṃ bhāvo ekasaṅgahatā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dassanavisuddhiñāṇa</span>nti maggaphalañāṇaṃ dassanaṃ. Dassanameva visuddhi dassanavisuddhi, dassanavisuddhi <a name="V1.0040"></a> eva ñāṇaṃ dassanavisuddhiñāṇaṃ. Maggañāṇaṃ visujjhatīti dassanavisuddhi, phalañāṇaṃ visuddhattā dassanavisuddhi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para41"></a><span class="paranum">41</span>. Idāni dassanavisuddhisādhakāni vipassanāñāṇāni dvidhā dassetuṃ tadanantaraṃ khantiñāṇapariyogāhaṇañāṇāni uddiṭṭhāni. Tattha <span class="bld">viditattā paññā</span>ti rūpakkhandhādīnaṃ aniccādito viditattā pavattā paññā. <span class="bld">Khantiñāṇa</span>nti viditameva khamatīti khanti, khanti eva ñāṇaṃ khantiñāṇaṃ. Etena adhivāsanakhantiṃ paṭikkhipati. Etaṃ kalāpasammasanādivasena pavattaṃ taruṇavipassanāñāṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para42"></a><span class="paranum">42</span>. <span class="bld">Phuṭṭhattā paññā</span>ti rūpakkhandhādīnaṃ aniccādivasena ñāṇaphassena phuṭṭhattā pavattā paññā. <span class="bld">Pariyogāhaṇe ñāṇa</span>nti phuṭṭhameva pariyogāhati pavisatīti pariyogāhaṇaṃ ñāṇaṃ. Gā-kāraṃ <a name="P1.0047"></a> rassaṃ katvāpi paṭhanti. Etaṃ bhaṅgānupassanādivasena pavattaṃ tikkhavipassanāñāṇaṃ. Keci pana ‘‘vipassanāñāṇameva saddhāvāhissa khantiñāṇaṃ, paññāvāhissa pariyogāhaṇañāṇa’’nti vadanti. Evaṃ sante etāni dve ñāṇāni ekassa na sambhavanti<a name="M1.0044"></a>, tadasambhave ekassa sāvakassa sattasaṭṭhi sāvakasādhāraṇañāṇāni na sambhavanti, tasmā taṃ na yujjati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para43"></a><span class="paranum">43</span>. Idāni yasmā puthujjanā sekkhā ca vipassanūpage khandhādayo dhamme sakale eva sammasanti, na tesaṃ ekadesaṃ, tasmā tesaṃ padesavihāro na labbhati, arahatoyeva yathāruci padesavihāro labbhatīti dassanavisuddhisādhakāni ñāṇāni vatvā tadanantaraṃ arahato dassanavisuddhisiddhaṃ padesavihārañāṇaṃ uddiṭṭhaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">samodahane paññā</span>ti khandhādīnaṃ ekadesassa vedanādhammassa samodahanapaññā, sampiṇḍanapaññā rāsikaraṇapaññā. Samodhāne paññātipi pāṭho, soyeva attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Padesavihāre ñāṇa</span>nti khandhādīnaṃ padesena ekadesena avayavena vihāro padesavihāro, tasmiṃ padesavihāre ñāṇaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">padeso</span> nāma khandhapadeso āyatanadhātusaccaindriyapaccayākārasatipaṭṭhānajhānanāmarūpadhammapadesoti nānāvidho. Evaṃ nānāvidho cesa vedanā eva. Kathaṃ? Pañcannaṃ khandhānaṃ vedanākkhandhavasena khandhekadeso, dvādasannaṃ āyatanānaṃ vedanāvasena dhammāyatanekadeso, aṭṭhārasannaṃ dhātūnaṃ vedanāvasena dhammadhātekadeso, catunnaṃ saccānaṃ vedanāvasena dukkhasaccekadeso, bāvīsatiyā indriyānaṃ pañcavedanindriyavasena indriyekadeso, dvādasannaṃ paṭiccasamuppādaṅgānaṃ phassapaccayā vedanāvasena paccayākārekadeso, catunnaṃ satipaṭṭhānānaṃ vedanānupassanāvasena <a name="V1.0041"></a> satipaṭṭhānekadeso, catunnaṃ jhānānaṃ sukhaupekkhāvasena jhānekadeso, nāmarūpānaṃ vedanāvasena nāmarūpekadeso, kusalādīnaṃ sabbadhammānaṃ vedanāvasena dhammekadesoti evaṃ vedanā eva khandhādīnaṃ padeso, tassā vedanāya eva paccavekkhaṇavasena padesavihāro.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para44"></a><span class="paranum">44</span>. Idāni <a name="P1.0048"></a> yasmā samādhibhāvanāmayañāṇādīni bhāventā puthujjanā sekkhā ca te te bhāvetabbabhāvanādhamme adhipatī jeṭṭhake katvā tena tena pahātabbe tappaccanīke nānāsabhāve dhamme anekādīnave ādīnavato paccavekkhitvā tassa tassa bhāvanādhammassa vasena cittaṃ patiṭṭhapetvā te te paccanīkadhamme pajahanti. Pajahantā <a name="M1.0045"></a> vipassanākāle sabbasaṅkhāre suññato disvā pacchā samucchedena pajahanti, tathā pajahantā ca ekābhisamayavasena saccāni paṭivijjhantā pajahanti. Yathāvutteheva ākārehi sabbepi ariyā yathāyogaṃ paṭipajjanti, tasmā padesavihārañāṇānantaraṃ saññāvivaṭṭañāṇādīni cha ñāṇāni yathākkamena uddiṭṭhāni. Tattha <span class="bld">adhipatattā paññā</span>ti nekkhammādīnaṃ adhipatibhāvena nekkhammādīni adhikāni katvā tadadhikabhāvena pavattā paññāti attho. <span class="bld">Saññāvivaṭṭe ñāṇa</span>nti saññāya vivaṭṭanaṃ parāvaṭṭanaṃ parammukhabhāvoti saññāvivaṭṭo, yāya saññāya te te bhāvanādhamme adhipatiṃ karoti, tāya saññāya hetubhūtāya, karaṇabhūtāya vā tato tato kāmacchandādito vivaṭṭane ñāṇanti vuttaṃ hoti. Etto vivaṭṭoti avuttepi yato vivaṭṭati, tato eva vivaṭṭoti gayhati yathā vivaṭṭanānupassanāya. Sā pana saññā sañjānanalakkhaṇā, tadevetanti puna sañjānanapaccayanimittakaraṇarasā dāruādīsu tacchakādayo viya, yathāgahitanimittavasena abhinivesakaraṇapaccupaṭṭhānā hatthidassakaandhā viya, ārammaṇe anogāḷhavuttitāya aciraṭṭhānapaccupaṭṭhānā vā vijju viya, yathāupaṭṭhitavisayapadaṭṭhānā tiṇapurisakesu migapotakānaṃ purisāti uppannasaññā viya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para45"></a><span class="paranum">45</span>. <span class="bld">Nānatte paññā</span>ti nānāsabhāve bhāvetabbato aññasabhāve kāmacchandādike ādīnavadassanena pavattā paññā. <span class="bld">Nānatte</span>ti ca nimittatthe bhummavacanaṃ. Nānattappahānaṃ vā nānattaṃ, nānattappahānanimittaṃ nānattappahānahetu nekkhammādīsu paññāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Cetovivaṭṭe ñāṇa</span>nti cetaso kāmacchandādito vivaṭṭanaṃ nekkhammādīsu ñāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Ceto</span>ti cettha cetanā adhippetā. Sā cetanābhāvalakkhaṇā, abhisandahanalakkhaṇā vā, āyūhanarasā, saṃvidahanapaccupaṭṭhānā sakiccaparakiccasādhakā jeṭṭhasissamahāvaḍḍhakiādayo <a name="P1.0049"></a> viya. Accāyikakammānussaraṇādīsu ca panāyaṃ sampayuttānaṃ ussāhanabhāvena pākaṭā hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para46"></a><span class="paranum">46</span>. <span class="bld">Adhiṭṭhāne</span> <a name="V1.0042"></a> <span class="bld">paññā</span>ti nekkhammādivasena cittassa patiṭṭhāpane paññā. <span class="bld">Cittavivaṭṭe ñāṇa</span>nti kāmacchandādipahānavasena cittassa vivaṭṭane ñāṇaṃ<a name="M1.0046"></a>. Cittañcettha vijānanalakkhaṇaṃ, pubbaṅgamarasaṃ, sandhānapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ, nāmarūpapadaṭṭhānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para47"></a><span class="paranum">47</span>. <span class="bld">Suññate paññā</span>ti attattaniyasuññatāya anattānattaniye pavattā anattānupassanā paññā. <span class="bld">Ñāṇavivaṭṭe ñāṇa</span>nti ñāṇameva abhinivesato vivaṭṭatīti vivaṭṭo, taṃ ñāṇavivaṭṭabhūtaṃ ñāṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para48"></a><span class="paranum">48</span>. <span class="bld">Vosagge paññā</span>ti ettha vosajjatīti vosaggo, kāmacchandādīnaṃ vosaggo nekkhammādimhi paññā. <span class="bld">Vimokkhavivaṭṭe ñāṇa</span>nti kāmacchandādikehi vimuccatīti vimokkho, vimokkho eva vivaṭṭo vimokkhavivaṭṭo, so eva ñāṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para49"></a><span class="paranum">49</span>. <span class="bld">Tathaṭṭhe paññā</span>ti ekekassa saccassa catubbidhe catubbidhe aviparītasabhāve kiccavasena asammohato pavattā paññā. <span class="bld">Saccavivaṭṭe ñāṇa</span>nti catūsu saccesu dubhato vuṭṭhānavasena vivaṭṭatīti saccavivaṭṭo, so eva ñāṇaṃ. Ekameva ñāṇaṃ adhipatikatadhammavasena saññāvivaṭṭoti, pahātabbadhammavasena cetovivaṭṭoti, cittapatiṭṭhāpanavasena cittavivaṭṭoti, paccanīkapahānavasena vimokkhavivaṭṭoti evaṃ catudhā vuttaṃ. Anattānupassanāva suññatākāravasena ‘‘ñāṇavivaṭṭe ñāṇa’’nti vuttā. Maggañāṇameva heṭṭhā ‘‘magge ñāṇa’’nti ca, ‘‘ānantarikasamādhimhi ñāṇa’’nti ca dvidhā vuttaṃ, vivaṭṭanākāravasena ‘‘saccavivaṭṭe ñāṇa’’nti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para50"></a><span class="paranum">50</span>. Idāni tassa saccavivaṭṭañāṇavasena pavattassa āsavānaṃ khaye ñāṇassa vasena pavattāni kamato cha abhiññāñāṇāni uddiṭṭhāni. Tatthāpi lokapākaṭānubhāvattā ativimhāpananti paṭhamaṃ iddhividhañāṇaṃ uddiṭṭhaṃ, cetopariyañāṇassa visayato dibbasotañāṇaṃ oḷārikavisayanti dutiyaṃ <a name="P1.0050"></a> dibbasotañāṇaṃ uddiṭṭhaṃ, sukhumavisayattā tatiyaṃ cetopariyañāṇaṃ uddiṭṭhaṃ. Tīsu vijjāsu pubbenivāsacchādakātītatamavinodakattā paṭhamaṃ pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇaṃ uddiṭṭhaṃ, paccuppannānāgatatamavinodakattā dutiyaṃ dibbacakkhuñāṇaṃ uddiṭṭhaṃ, sabbatamasamucchedakattā tatiyaṃ āsavānaṃ khaye ñāṇaṃ uddiṭṭhaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">kāyampī</span>ti rūpakāyampi. <span class="bld">Cittampī</span>ti pādakajjhānacittampi. <span class="bld">Ekavavatthānatā</span>ti <a name="M1.0047"></a> parikammacittena ekato ṭhapanatāya ca dissamānakāyena, adissamānakāyena vā gantukāmakāle yathāyogaṃ kāyassapi cittassapi missīkaraṇatāya cāti vuttaṃ <a name="V1.0043"></a> hoti. <span class="bld">Kāyo</span>ti cettha sarīraṃ. Sarīrañhi asucisañcayato kucchitānaṃ kesādīnañceva cakkhurogādīnaṃ rogasatānañca āyabhūtato kāyoti vuccati. <span class="bld">Sukhasaññañca lahusaññañcā</span>ti ettha catutthajjhānasampayuttaṃ ekaṃyeva saññaṃ ākāranānattato dvidhā katvā samuccayattho ca-saddo payutto. Catutthajjhānasmiñhi upekkhā santattā sukhanti vuttā, taṃsampayuttā saññā sukhasaññā. Sāyeva nīvaraṇehi ceva vitakkādipaccanīkehi ca vimuttattā lahusaññā. <span class="bld">Adhiṭṭhānavasenā</span>ti adhikaṃ katvā ṭhānavasena, pavisanavasenāti adhippāyo. Adhiṭṭhānavasena cāti ca-saddo sambandhitabbo. Ettāvatā sabbappakārassa iddhividhassa yathāyogaṃ kāraṇaṃ vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ijjhanaṭṭhe paññā</span>ti ijjhanasabhāve paññā. <span class="bld">Iddhividhe ñāṇa</span>nti ijjhanaṭṭhena iddhi, nipphattiatthena paṭilābhaṭṭhena cāti vuttaṃ hoti. Yañhi nipphajjati paṭilabbhati ca, taṃ ijjhatīti vuccati. Yathāha – ‘‘kāmaṃ kāmayamānassa, tassa cetaṃ samijjhatī’’ti (su. ni. 772). Tathā ‘‘nekkhammaṃ ijjhatīti iddhi, paṭiharatīti pāṭihāriyaṃ, arahattamaggo ijjhatīti iddhi, paṭiharatīti pāṭihāriya’’nti (paṭi. ma. 3.32). Aparo nayo – ijjhanaṭṭhena iddhi, upāyasampadāyetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Upāyasampadā hi ijjhati adhippetaphalappasavanato. Yathāha – ‘‘ayaṃ kho citto gahapati sīlavā kalyāṇadhammo, sace paṇidahissati, anāgatamaddhānaṃ rājā assaṃ cakkavattīti. Ijjhissati hi sīlavato cetopaṇidhi visuddhattā’’ti (saṃ. ni. 4.352). Aparo nayo <a name="P1.0051"></a> – etāya sattā ijjhantīti iddhi, <span class="bld">ijjhantī</span>ti iddhā vuddhā ukkaṃsagatā hontīti vuttaṃ hoti. Iddhi eva vidhaṃ iddhividhaṃ, iddhikoṭṭhāso iddhivikappoti attho. Taṃ iddhividhaṃ ñāṇanti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para51"></a><span class="paranum">51</span>. <span class="bld">Vitakkavipphāravasenā</span>ti dibbasotadhātuuppādanatthaṃ parikammakaraṇakāle saddanimittesu attano vitakkavipphāravasena vitakkavegavasena. <span class="bld">Vitakko</span>ti cettha vitakketīti vitakko, vitakkanaṃ vā vitakko, ūhananti vuttaṃ hoti. Svāyaṃ ārammaṇe cittassa abhiniropanalakkhaṇo, āhananapariyāhananaraso<a name="M1.0048"></a>. Tathā hi tena yogāvacaro ārammaṇaṃ vitakkāhataṃ vitakkapariyāhataṃ karotīti vuccati. Ārammaṇe cittassa ānayanapaccupaṭṭhāno, tajjāsamannāhārena pana indriyena ca parikkhitte visaye anantarāyena uppajjanato āpāthagatavisayapadaṭṭhānoti vuccati. <span class="bld">Nānattekattasaddanimittāna</span>nti nānāsabhāvānaṃ ekasabhāvānañca saddanimittānaṃ. Saddā eva cettha vitakkuppattikāraṇattā saṅkhāranimittattā ca nimittāni. Bherisaddādivasena ekagghanībhūtā, anekā vā saddā, nānādisāsu vā saddā, nānāsattānaṃ vā saddā nānattasaddā, ekadisāya saddā, ekasattassa vā saddā, bherisaddādivasena ekekasaddā <a name="V1.0044"></a> vā ekattasaddā. <span class="bld">Saddo</span>ti cettha sappatīti saddo, kathīyatīti attho. <span class="bld">Pariyogāhaṇe paññā</span>ti pavisanapaññā, pajānanapaññāti attho. <span class="bld">Sotadhātuvisuddhiñāṇa</span>nti savanaṭṭhena ca nijjīvaṭṭhena ca sotadhātu, sotadhātukiccakaraṇavasena ca sotadhātu viyātipi sotadhātu, parisuddhattā nirupakkilesattā visuddhi, sotadhātu eva visuddhi sotadhātuvisuddhi, sotadhātuvisuddhi eva ñāṇaṃ sotadhātuvisuddhiñāṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para52"></a><span class="paranum">52</span>. <span class="bld">Tiṇṇannaṃ cittāna</span>nti somanassasahagatadomanassasahagataupekkhāsahagatavasena tiṇṇannaṃ cittānaṃ. <span class="bld">Vipphārattā</span>ti vipphārabhāvena vegenāti attho. Hetuatthe nissakkavacanaṃ, cetopariyañāṇuppādanatthaṃ parikammakaraṇakāle paresaṃ tiṇṇannaṃ cittānaṃ vipphārahetunā. <span class="bld">Indriyānaṃ pasādavasenā</span>ti <a name="P1.0052"></a> cakkhādīnaṃ channaṃ indriyānaṃ pasādavasena, indriyānaṃ patiṭṭhitokāsā cettha phalūpacārena indriyānanti vuttā yathā ‘‘vippasannāni kho te, āvuso, indriyāni parisuddho chavivaṇṇo pariyodāto’’ti (mahāva. 60). Indriyapatiṭṭhitokāsesupi hadayavatthu eva idhādhippetaṃ. <span class="bld">Pasādavasenā</span>ti ca anāvilabhāvavasena. ‘‘Pasādappasādavasenā’’ti vattabbe appasādasaddassa lopo katoti veditabbaṃ. Atha vā idamappasannanti gahaṇassa pasādamapekkhitvā eva sambhavato ‘‘pasādavasenā’’ti vacaneneva appasādopi vuttova hotīti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Nānattekattaviññāṇacariyā pariyogāhaṇe paññā</span>ti yathāsambhavaṃ nānāsabhāvaekasabhāvaekūnanavutiviññāṇapavattivijānanapaññā. Ettha asamāhitassa viññāṇacariyā nānattā, samāhitassa viññāṇacariyā ekattā. Sarāgādicittaṃ <a name="M1.0049"></a> vā nānattaṃ, vītarāgādicittaṃ ekattaṃ. <span class="bld">Cetopariyañāṇa</span>nti ettha pariyātīti pariyaṃ, paricchindatīti attho. Cetaso pariyaṃ cetopariyaṃ, cetopariyañca taṃ ñāṇañcāti cetopariyañāṇaṃ. Vipphāratātipi pāṭho, vipphāratāyāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para53"></a><span class="paranum">53</span>. <span class="bld">Paccayappavattānaṃ dhammāna</span>nti paṭiccasamuppādavasena paccayato pavattānaṃ paccayuppannadhammānaṃ. <span class="bld">Nānattekattakammavipphāravasenā</span>ti ettha akusalaṃ kammaṃ nānattaṃ, kusalaṃ kammaṃ ekattaṃ. Kāmāvacaraṃ vā kammaṃ nānattaṃ, rūpāvacarārūpāvacaraṃ kammaṃ ekattaṃ. Nānattekattakammavipphāravasena paccayapavattānaṃ dhammānaṃ pariyogāhaṇe paññāti sambandho. <span class="bld">Pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇa</span>nti pubbe atītajātīsu nivutthakhandhā pubbenivāso. <span class="bld">Nivutthā</span>ti ajjhāvutthā anubhūtā attano santāne uppajjitvā niruddhā. Pubbe atītajātīsu nivutthadhammā vā pubbenivāso. <span class="bld">Nivutthā</span>ti gocaranivāsena nivutthā attano viññāṇena viññātā paricchinnā, paraviññāṇena viññātāpi vā. Chinnavaṭumakānussaraṇādīsu te buddhānaṃyeva labbhanti<a name="V1.0045"></a>. <span class="bld">Pubbenivāsānussatī</span>ti yāya satiyā pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati, sā pubbenivāsānussati, <span class="bld">ñāṇa</span>nti tāya satiyā sampayuttaṃ ñāṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para54"></a><span class="paranum">54</span>. <span class="bld">Obhāsavasenā</span>ti dibbena cakkhunā rūpadassanatthaṃ pasāritassa tejokasiṇaodātakasiṇaālokakasiṇānaṃ aññatarassa <a name="P1.0053"></a> catutthajjhānārammaṇassa kasiṇobhāsassa vasena. <span class="bld">Nānattekattarūpanimittāna</span>nti nānāsattānaṃ rūpāni, nānattakāyaṃ upapannānaṃ vā sattānaṃ rūpāni, nānādisāsu vā rūpāni, asammissāni vā rūpāni nānattarūpāni, ekasattassa rūpāni, ekattakāyaṃ upapannassa vā rūpāni, ekadisāya vā rūpāni, nānādisādīnaṃ sammissībhūtāni vā rūpāni ekattarūpāni. <span class="bld">Rūpa</span>nti cettha vaṇṇāyatanameva. Tañhi rūpayatīti rūpaṃ, vaṇṇavikāraṃ āpajjamānaṃ hadayaṅgatabhāvaṃ pakāsetīti attho. Rūpameva rūpanimittaṃ. Tesaṃ nānattekattarūpanimittānaṃ. <span class="bld">Dassanaṭṭhe paññā</span>ti dassanasabhāve paññā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dibbacakkhuñāṇa</span>nti dibbasadisattā dibbaṃ. Devānañhi sucaritakammanibbattaṃ pittasemharuhirādīhi apalibuddhaṃ upakkilesavimuttatāya dūrepi ārammaṇasampaṭicchanasamatthaṃ dibbaṃ pasādacakkhu hoti. Idañcāpi vīriyabhāvanābalanibbattaṃ ñāṇacakkhu tādisamevāti dibbasadisattā dibbaṃ, dibbavihāravasena paṭiladdhattā <a name="M1.0050"></a> attanā dibbavihārasannissitattāpi dibbaṃ, ālokapariggahena mahājutikattāpi dibbaṃ, tirokuṭṭādigatarūpadassanena mahāgatikattāpi dibbaṃ. Taṃ sabbaṃ saddasatthānusārena veditabbaṃ. Dassanaṭṭhena cakkhu, cakkhukiccakaraṇena cakkhumivātipi cakkhu, dibbañca taṃ cakkhu cāti dibbacakkhu, dibbacakkhu ca taṃ ñāṇañcāti dibbacakkhuñāṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para55"></a><span class="paranum">55</span>. <span class="bld">Catusaṭṭhiyā ākārehī</span>ti aṭṭhasu maggaphalesu ekekasmiṃ aṭṭhannaṃ aṭṭhannaṃ indriyānaṃ vasena catusaṭṭhiyā ākārehi. <span class="bld">Tiṇṇannaṃ indriyāna</span>nti anaññātaññassāmītindriyaṃ aññindriyaṃ aññātāvindriyanti, imesaṃ tiṇṇannaṃ indriyānaṃ. <span class="bld">Vasibhāvatā paññā</span>ti vasibhāvatāya pavattā paññā, arahattaphale aṭṭhannaṃ indriyānaṃ vasena aṭṭhahi ākārehi aññātāvindriyasseva vasibhāvatāya arahattamaggakkhaṇe abhāvepi kāraṇasiddhivasena tadatthasādhanatāya vuttanti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Āsavānaṃ khaye ñāṇa</span>nti attanā vajjhānaṃ āsavānaṃ khayakaraṃ arahattamaggañāṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para56-59"></a><span class="paranum">56-59</span>. Idāni āsavānaṃ khayañāṇasaṅkhātaarahattamaggañāṇasambandhe <a name="P1.0054"></a> catunnampi maggañāṇānaṃ ekekassa maggañāṇassa ekābhisamayataṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘pariññaṭṭhe paññā’’tiādīni cattāri <a name="V1.0046"></a> ñāṇāni uddiṭṭhāni. Tatthāpi oḷārikattā sabbasattasādhāraṇattā ca suviññeyyanti dukkhasaccaṃ paṭhamaṃ vuttaṃ, tasseva hetudassanatthaṃ tadanantaraṃ samudayasaccaṃ, hetunirodhā phalanirodhoti ñāpanatthaṃ tadanantaraṃ nirodhasaccaṃ, tadadhigamūpāyadassanatthaṃ ante maggasaccaṃ. Bhavasukhassādagadhitānaṃ vā sattānaṃ saṃvegajananatthaṃ paṭhamaṃ dukkhamāha, taṃ neva akataṃ āgacchati, na issaranimmānādito hoti, ito pana hotīti ñāpanatthaṃ tadanantaraṃ samudayasaccaṃ, tato sahetukena dukkhena abhibhūtattā saṃviggamānasānaṃ dukkhanissaraṇagavesīnaṃ nissaraṇadassanena assāsajananatthaṃ nirodhaṃ, tato nirodhādhigamatthaṃ nirodhasampāpakaṃ magganti. Idāni tabbisayāni ñāṇāni teneva kamena uddiṭṭhāni. Tattha <span class="bld">pariññaṭṭhe</span>ti dukkhassa pīḷanaṭṭhādike catubbidhe parijānitabbasabhāve. <span class="bld">Pahānaṭṭhe</span>ti samudayassa āyūhanaṭṭhādike catubbidhe pahātabbasabhāve. <span class="bld">Sacchikiriyaṭṭhe</span>ti nirodhassa nissaraṇaṭṭhādike catubbidhe sacchikātabbasabhāve. <span class="bld">Bhāvanaṭṭhe</span>ti maggassa niyyānaṭṭhādike catubbidhe bhāvetabbasabhāve.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para60-63"></a><span class="paranum">60-63</span>. Idāni <a name="M1.0051"></a> bhāvitamaggassa paccavekkhaṇavasena vā abhāvitamaggassa anussavavasena vā visuṃ visuṃ saccañāṇāni dassetuṃ <span class="bld">dukkhe ñāṇā</span>dīni cattāri ñāṇāni uddiṭṭhāni. Tattha <span class="bld">dukkhe</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">du</span>-iti ayaṃ saddo kucchite dissati. Kucchitañhi puttaṃ duputtoti vadanti. <span class="bld">Khaṃ</span>-saddo pana tucche. Tucchañhi ākāsaṃ ‘kha’nti vuccati. Idañca paṭhamasaccaṃ kucchitaṃ anekupaddavādhiṭṭhānato, tucchaṃ bālajanaparikappitadhuvasubhasukhattabhāvavirahitato. Tasmā kucchitattā tucchattā ca ‘‘dukkha’’nti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dukkhasamudaye</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">saṃ</span>-iti ayaṃ saddo ‘‘samāgamo sameta’’ntiādīsu (vibha. 199; dī. ni. 2.396) viya saṃyogaṃ dīpeti. <span class="bld">U</span>-iti ayaṃ saddo ‘‘uppannaṃ <a name="P1.0055"></a> udita’’ntiādīsu (pārā. 172; cūḷani. khaggavisāṇasuttaniddesa 141) viya uppattiṃ. <span class="bld">Aya</span>-saddo pana kāraṇaṃ dīpeti. Idañcāpi dutiyasaccaṃ avasesapaccayasamāyoge sati dukkhassa uppattikāraṇaṃ. Iti dukkhassa saṃyoge uppattikāraṇattā ‘‘dukkhasamudaya’’nti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dukkhanirodhe</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">ni</span>-saddo abhāvaṃ, <span class="bld">rodha</span>-saddo ca cārakaṃ dīpeti. Tasmā abhāvo ettha saṃsāracārakasaṅkhātassa dukkharodhassa sabbagatisuññattā, samadhigate vā tasmiṃ saṃsāracārakassa dukkharodhassa abhāvo hoti tappaṭipakkhattātipi ‘‘dukkhanirodha’’nti vuccati. Dukkhassa vā anuppattinirodhapaccayattā dukkhanirodhanti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dukkhanirodhagāminiyā</span> <a name="V1.0047"></a> <span class="bld">paṭipadāyā</span>ti ettha yasmā ayaṃ etaṃ dukkhanirodhaṃ gacchati ārammaṇakaraṇavasena tadabhimukhībhūtattā, paṭipadā ca hoti dukkhanirodhappattiyā, tasmā dukkhanirodhagāminipaṭipadāti vuccati. Cattāri maggañāṇāneva heṭṭhā vuṭṭhānākāradīpanavasena ‘‘magge ñāṇa’’nti vuttāni, anantaraphaladāyakattassa kāraṇaparidīpanavasena ‘‘ānantarikasamādhimhi ñāṇa’’nti vuttāni, vivaṭṭanākāradīpanavasena ‘‘saccavivaṭṭe ñāṇa’’nti vuttāni, maggapaṭipāṭikkameneva arahattamaggañāṇuppattiṃ, tassa ca ñāṇassa abhiññābhāvaṃ dīpetuṃ arahattamaggañāṇameva ‘‘āsavānaṃ khaye ñāṇa’’nti vuttaṃ. Puna catunnampi maggañāṇānaṃ ekābhisamayataṃ dīpetuṃ ‘‘pariññaṭṭhe paññā dukkhe ñāṇa’’ntiādīni cattāri ñāṇāni vuttāni. Puna ekekasmiṃ sacce visuṃ visuṃ uppattidīpanavasena ‘‘dukkhe ñāṇa’’ntiādīni cattāri ñāṇāni uddiṭṭhānīti evaṃ pubbāparaviseso veditabboti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para64-67"></a><span class="paranum">64-67</span>. Idāni <a name="M1.0052"></a> sabbesaṃ ariyapuggalānaṃ ariyamaggānubhāveneva paṭisambhidāñāṇāni siddhānīti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">atthapaṭisambhide ñāṇa</span>ntiādīni puna cattāri paṭisambhidāñāṇāni uddiṭṭhāni. Imāni hi paṭisambhidāpabhedābhāvepi sabbaariyapuggalasādhāraṇāni suddhikapaṭisambhidāñāṇāni, heṭṭhā uddiṭṭhāni pana pabhinnapaṭisambhidānaṃ pabhedappattāni paṭisambhidāñāṇānīti veditabbānīti ayametesaṃ ubhayatthavacane viseso. Yasmā vā anantaraṃ uddiṭṭhaṃ dukkhārammaṇaṃ <a name="P1.0056"></a> nirodhārammaṇañca ñāṇaṃ atthapaṭisambhidā hoti, samudayārammaṇaṃ maggārammaṇañca ñāṇaṃ dhammapaṭisambhidā, tadabhilāpe ñāṇaṃ niruttipaṭisambhidā, tesu ñāṇesu ñāṇaṃ paṭibhānapaṭisambhidā, tasmā tampi atthavisesaṃ dassetuṃ suddhikapaṭisambhidāñāṇāni uddiṭṭhānīti veditabbāni. Tasmāyeva ca heṭṭhā nānattasaddena visesetvā vuttāni. Idha tathā avisesetvā vuttānīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para68"></a><span class="paranum">68</span>. Evaṃ paṭipāṭiyā sattasaṭṭhi sāvakasādhāraṇañāṇāni uddisitvā idāni sāvakehi asādhāraṇāni tathāgatānaṃyeva āveṇikāni ñāṇāni dassetuṃ <span class="bld">indriyaparopariyattañāṇādīni</span> cha asādhāraṇañāṇāni uddiṭṭhāni. Tatthapi yasmā tathāgatā sattānaṃ dhammadesanāya bhājanābhājanattaṃ olokentā buddhacakkhunā olokenti. Buddhacakkhu nāma indriyaparopariyattāsayānusayañāṇadvayameva. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Addasā kho bhagavā buddhacakkhunā lokaṃ volokento satte apparajakkhe mahārajakkhe <a name="V1.0048"></a> tikkhindriye mudindriye’’tiādi (mahāva. 9; ma. ni. 1.283; 2.339).</p>
<p class="unindented">Sattasantāne ca olokentā paṭhamaṃ indriyaparipākāparipākaṃ olokenti, indriyaparipākañca ñatvā āsayādīnaṃ anurūpena dhammadesanatthaṃ tato āsayānusayacaritāni olokenti, tasmāpi paṭhamaṃ indriyaparopariyattañāṇaṃ uddiṭṭhaṃ, tadanantaraṃ āsayānusayañāṇaṃ. Dhammaṃ desentā ca yasmā pāṭihāriyena vinetabbānaṃ pāṭihāriyaṃ karonti, tasmā āsayānusayañāṇānantaraṃ yamakapāṭihāriye ñāṇaṃ uddiṭṭhaṃ. Imesaṃ tiṇṇaṃ ñāṇānaṃ hetuparidīpanatthaṃ tadanantaraṃ mahākaruṇāñāṇaṃ uddiṭṭhaṃ. Mahākaruṇāñāṇassa parisuddhabhāvaparidīpanatthaṃ tadanantaraṃ sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ uddiṭṭhaṃ. Sabbaññussāpi sabbadhammānaṃ āvajjanapaṭibaddhabhāvaparidīpanatthaṃ sabbaññutaññāṇassa <a name="M1.0053"></a> anāvariyabhāvaparidīpanatthañca tadanantaraṃ anāvaraṇañāṇaṃ uddiṭṭhanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Indriyaparopariyattañāṇa</span>nti ettha upari ‘‘sattāna’’nti padaṃ idheva āharitvā ‘‘sattānaṃ indriyaparopariyattañāṇa’’nti yojetabbaṃ. Parāni ca aparāni ca parāparānīti vattabbe sandhivasena ro-kāraṃ katvā paroparānīti vuccati. Paroparānaṃ <a name="P1.0057"></a> bhāvo paropariyaṃ, paropariyameva paropariyattaṃ, veneyyasattānaṃ saddhādīnaṃ pañcannaṃ indriyānaṃ paropariyattaṃ indriyaparopariyattaṃ, indriyaparopariyattassa ñāṇaṃ indriyaparopariyattañāṇaṃ, indriyānaṃ uttamānuttamabhāvañāṇanti attho. ‘‘Indriyavarovariyattañāṇa’’ntipi pāṭho. Varāni ca avariyāni ca varovariyāni, varovariyānaṃ bhāvo varovariyattanti yojetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Avariyānī</span>ti ca na uttamānīti attho. Atha vā parāni ca oparāni ca paroparāni, tesaṃ bhāvo paropariyattanti yojetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Oparānī</span>ti ca orānīti vuttaṃ hoti, lāmakānīti attho, ‘‘paroparā yassa samecca dhammā’’tiādīsu (su. ni. 479) viya. ‘‘Indriyaparopariyatte ñāṇa’’nti bhummavacanenāpi pāṭho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para69"></a><span class="paranum">69</span>. <span class="bld">Sattānaṃ āsayānusaye ñāṇa</span>nti ettha rūpādīsu khandhesu chandarāgena sattā visattāti sattā. Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Rūpe kho, rādha, yo chando yo rāgo yā nandī yā taṇhā, tatra satto tatra visatto, tasmā ‘satto’ti vuccati. Vedanāya saññāya saṅkhāresu viññāṇe yo chando yo <a name="V1.0049"></a> rāgo yā nandī yā taṇhā, tatra satto tatra visatto, tasmā ‘satto’ti vuccatī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 3.161).</p>
<p class="unindented">Akkharacintakā pana atthaṃ avicāretvā ‘‘nāmamattameta’’nti icchanti. Yepi atthaṃ vicārenti, te satvayogena sattāti icchanti, tesaṃ sattānaṃ. Āsayanti nissayanti etaṃ iti āsayo, micchādiṭṭhiyā, sammādiṭṭhiyā vā kāmādīhi, nekkhammādīhi vā paribhāvitassa santānassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Sattasantāne anusenti anupavattantīti anusayā, thāmagatānaṃ kāmarāgādīnaṃ etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Āsayo ca anusayo ca āsayānusayo. Jātiggahaṇena ca dvandasamāsavasena ca ekavacanaṃ veditabbaṃ. Yasmā <a name="M1.0054"></a> caritādhimuttiyo āsayānusayasaṅgahitā, tasmā uddese caritādhimuttīsu ñāṇāni āsayānusayañāṇeneva saṅgahetvā ‘‘āsayānusaye ñāṇa’’nti vuttaṃ. Yeneva hi adhippāyena uddeso kato, teneva adhippāyena niddeso katoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para70"></a><span class="paranum">70</span>. <span class="bld">Yamakapāṭihīre ñāṇa</span>nti ettha aggikkhandhaudakadhārādīnaṃ apubbaṃ acarimaṃ sakiṃyeva pavattito yamakaṃ, assaddhiyādīnaṃ <a name="P1.0058"></a> paṭipakkhadhammānaṃ haraṇato pāṭihīraṃ, yamakañca taṃ pāṭihīrañcāti yamakapāṭihīraṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para71"></a><span class="paranum">71</span>. <span class="bld">Mahākaruṇāsamāpattiyā ñāṇa</span>nti ettha paradukkhe sati sādhūnaṃ hadayakampanaṃ karotīti karuṇā, kināti vā paradukkhaṃ hiṃsati vināsetīti karuṇā, kirīyati vā dukkhitesu pharaṇavasena pasārīyatīti karuṇā, pharaṇakammavasena kammaguṇavasena ca mahatī karuṇā mahākaruṇā, samāpajjanti etaṃ mahākāruṇikāti samāpatti, mahākaruṇā ca sā samāpatti cāti mahākaruṇāsamāpatti. Tassaṃ mahākaruṇāsamāpattiyaṃ, taṃsampayuttaṃ ñāṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para72-73"></a><span class="paranum">72-73</span>. <span class="bld">Sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ anāvaraṇañāṇa</span>nti ettha pañcaneyyapathappabhedaṃ sabbaṃ aññāsīti sabbaññū, sabbaññussa bhāvo sabbaññutā, sā eva ñāṇaṃ ‘‘sabbaññutāñāṇa’’nti vattabbe ‘‘sabbaññutaññāṇa’’nti vuttaṃ. Saṅkhatāsaṅkhatādibhedā sabbadhammā hi saṅkhāro vikāro lakkhaṇaṃ nibbānaṃ paññattīti pañceva neyyapathā honti. <span class="bld">Sabbaññū</span>ti ca kamasabbaññū, sakiṃsabbaññū, satatasabbaññū, sattisabbaññū, ñātasabbaññūti pañcavidhā sabbaññuno siyuṃ. Kamena sabbajānanakālāsambhavato kamasabbaññutā na hoti, sakiṃ sabbārammaṇagahaṇābhāvato sakiṃsabbaññutā na hoti, cakkhuviññāṇādīnaṃ yathārammaṇacittasambhavato bhavaṅgacittavirodhato yuttiabhāvato ca satatasabbaññutā na hoti, parisesato sabbajānanasamatthattā sattisabbaññutā vā <a name="V1.0050"></a> siyā, viditasabbadhammattā ñātasabbaññutā vā siyā. Sattisabbaññuno sabbajānanattaṃ natthīti tampi na yujjati.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Na <a name="M1.0055"></a> tassa addiṭṭhamidhatthi kiñci, atho aviññātamajānitabbaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sabbaṃ abhiññāsi yadatthi neyyaṃ, tathāgato tena samantacakkhū’’ti. (mahāni. 156; cūḷani. mogharājamāṇavapucchāniddesa 85; paṭi. ma. 1.208) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Vuttattā ñātasabbaññuttameva yujjati. Evañhi sati kiccato asammohato kāraṇasiddhito āvajjanapaṭibaddhato sabbaññuttameva hotīti. Āvajjanapaṭibaddhattā eva hi natthi <a name="P1.0059"></a> etassa āvaraṇanti anāvaraṇaṃ, tadeva anāvaraṇañāṇanti vuccatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Imāni tesattati ñāṇānī</span>ti sāvakehi sādhāraṇāsādhāraṇavasena uddiṭṭhāni imāni tesattati ñāṇāni. <span class="bld">Imesaṃ tesattatiyā ñāṇāna</span>nti ādito paṭṭhāya vuttānaṃ imesaṃ tesattatiñāṇānaṃ. Ubbāhanatthe cetaṃ sāmivacanaṃ. Tesattatīnantipi pāṭho. ‘‘Tesattatiyā’’ti vattabbe ekasmiṃ bahuvacanaṃ veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Sattasaṭṭhi ñāṇānī</span>tiādito paṭṭhāya sattasaṭṭhi ñāṇāni. <span class="bld">Sāvakasādhāraṇānī</span>ti savanante ariyāya jātiyā jātattā sāvakā, samānaṃ dhāraṇametesanti sādhāraṇāni, tathāgatānaṃ sāvakehi sādhāraṇāni sāvakasādhāraṇāni. <span class="bld">Cha ñāṇānī</span>ti ante uddiṭṭhāni cha ñāṇāni. <span class="bld">Asādhāraṇāni sāvakehī</span>ti sāvakehi asādhāraṇāni tathāgatānaṃyeva ñāṇānīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Saddhammappakāsiniyā paṭisambhidāmagga-aṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Ñāṇakathāmātikuddesavāravaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">1. Sutamayañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">Vissajjanuddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para1"></a><span class="paranum">1</span>. Idāni <a name="V1.0051"></a><a name="P1.0060"></a> yathānikkhittena uddesena saṅgahite dhamme pabhedato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">kathaṃ sotāvadhāne paññā sutamaye ñāṇa</span>ntiādi niddesavāro āraddho. Tattha yaṃ vuttaṃ, ‘‘sotāvadhāne paññā sutamaye ñāṇa’’nti<a name="M1.0056"></a>, taṃ kathaṃ hotīti? Ayaṃ kathetukamyatāpucchā. Pañcavidhā hi pucchā – adiṭṭhajotanāpucchā, diṭṭhasaṃsandanāpucchā, vimaticchedanāpucchā, anumatipucchā, kathetukamyatāpucchāti. Tāsaṃ idaṃ nānattaṃ –</p>
<p class="bodytext">Katamā <span class="bld">adiṭṭhajotanā</span>pucchā? (Mahāni. 150; cūḷani. puṇṇakamāṇavapucchāniddesa 12) pakatiyā lakkhaṇaṃ aññātaṃ hoti adiṭṭhaṃ atulitaṃ atīritaṃ avibhūtaṃ avibhāvitaṃ, tassa ñāṇāya dassanāya tulanāya tīraṇāya vibhūtāya vibhāvanatthāya pañhaṃ pucchati, ayaṃ adiṭṭhajotanāpucchā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Katamā <span class="bld">diṭṭhasaṃsandanā</span>pucchā? (Mahāni. 150; cūḷani. puṇṇakamāṇavapucchāniddesa 12) pakatiyā lakkhaṇaṃ ñātaṃ hoti diṭṭhaṃ tulitaṃ tīritaṃ vibhūtaṃ vibhāvitaṃ, so aññehi paṇḍitehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanatthāya pañhaṃ pucchati, ayaṃ diṭṭhasaṃsandanāpucchā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Katamā <span class="bld">vimaticchedanā</span>pucchā? (Mahāni. 150; cūḷani. puṇṇakamāṇavapucchāniddesa 12) pakatiyā saṃsayapakkhando hoti vimatipakkhando dveḷhakajāto ‘‘evaṃ nu kho, nanu kho, kiṃ nu kho, kathaṃ nu kho’’ti? So vimaticchedanatthāya pañhaṃ pucchati, ayaṃ vimaticchedanāpucchā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Katamā <span class="bld">anumati</span>pucchā? Bhagavā bhikkhūnaṃ anumatiyā pañhaṃ pucchati – ‘‘taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, rūpaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ, dukkhaṃ vā taṃ sukhaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Dukkhaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, kallaṃ <a name="V1.0052"></a> nu taṃ samanupassituṃ ‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’ti (mahāva. 21), ayaṃ anumatipucchā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Katamā <span class="bld">kathetukamyatā</span>pucchā? Bhagavā bhikkhūnaṃ kathetukamyatāya pañhaṃ pucchati – ‘‘cattārome<a name="P1.0061"></a>, bhikkhave, satipaṭṭhānā. Katame cattāro’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.390)? Ayaṃ kathetukamyatāpucchāti. Tāsu ayaṃ therassa kathetukamyatāpucchāti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni samātikuddesāya kathetukamyatāpucchāya ‘‘ime dhammā abhiññeyyāti sotāvadhānaṃ, taṃpajānanā paññā sutamaye ñāṇa’’ntiādayo soḷasa vissajjanuddesā. Tattha <span class="bld">ime dhammā abhiññeyyā</span>ti ‘‘desayantassā’’ti pāṭhaseso. Ime dhammā abhijānitabbāti satthuno, aññatarassa vā garuṭṭhāniyassa sabrahmacārissa dhammaṃ desayantassa pubbe vuttanayena sotāvadhānaṃ sutaṃ <span class="bld">sotāvadhānaṃ</span> nāma. Taṃpajānanā paññā <a name="M1.0057"></a> tassa sutassa pajānanā pariyāyaparicchindakapaññā sutamaye ñāṇaṃ nāmāti attho. Tassa pajānanā taṃpajānanāti sāmivacanasamāso. Taṃ pajānanāti vibhattivipallāsavasena upayogavacanaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Abhiññeyyā</span>ti ca sabhāvalakkhaṇāvabodhavasena sobhanenākārena jānitabbā. <span class="bld">Pariññeyyā</span>ti sāmaññalakkhaṇāvabodhavasena kiccasamāpanavasena ca byāpitvā jānitabbā. <span class="bld">Bhāvetabbā</span>ti vaḍḍhetabbā. <span class="bld">Sacchikātabbā</span>ti paccakkhaṃ kātabbā. Duvidhā hi sacchikiriyā paṭilābhasacchikiriyā ārammaṇasacchikiriyā ca. Paccanīkasamudācāravasena parihāniyasaṅkhātaṃ hānaṃ bhajantīti <span class="bld">hānabhāgiyā</span>. Tadanudhammatāya satiyā saṇṭhānavasena ṭhānasaṅkhātaṃ ṭhitiṃ bhajantīti <span class="bld">ṭhitibhāgiyā</span>. Uparivisesādhigamavasena visesaṃ bhajantīti <span class="bld">visesabhāgiyā</span>. Anibbiddhapubbaṃ appadālitapubbaṃ lobhakkhandhaṃ dosakkhandhaṃ mohakkhandhaṃ nibbijjhati padāletīti ariyamaggo nibbedho nāma, nibbidāsahagatānaṃ saññāmanasikārānaṃ samudācāravasena taṃ nibbedhaṃ bhajantīti <span class="bld">nibbedhabhāgiyā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbe saṅkhārā</span>ti sabbe sappaccayā dhammā. Te hi <span class="bld">saṅkhatasaṅkhārā</span> nāma. Paccayehi saṅgamma karīyantīti saṅkhārā, te eva paccayehi saṅgamma katattā saṅkhatāti visesetvā vuttā. Kammanibbattā tebhūmakarūpārūpadhammā abhisaṅkhatasaṅkhārāti aṭṭhakathāsu (visuddhi. 2.587; vibha. aṭṭha. 226 saṅkhārapadaniddesa) vuttā. Tepi ‘‘aniccā va <a name="P1.0062"></a> saṅkhārā’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 1.186; 2.143; dī. ni. 2.221, 272) saṅkhatasaṅkhāresu saṅgahaṃ gacchanti. ‘‘Avijjāgato ayaṃ, bhikkhave, purisapuggalo puññañceva saṅkhāraṃ abhisaṅkharotī’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 2.51) avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārāva āgatā tebhūmikakusalākusalacetanā <a name="V1.0053"></a> <span class="bld">abhisaṅkharaṇakasaṅkhārā</span> nāma. ‘‘Yāvatikā abhisaṅkhārassa gati, tāvatikaṃ gantvā akkhāhataṃ maññe aṭṭhāsī’’tiādīsu āgataṃ kāyikaṃ cetasikaṃ vīriyaṃ <span class="bld">payogābhisaṅkhāro</span> nāma. ‘‘Saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ samāpannassa kho, āvuso visākha, bhikkhuno paṭhamaṃ nirujjhati vacīsaṅkhāro, tato kāyasaṅkhāro, tato cittasaṅkhāro’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.464) āgatā vitakkavicārā. Vācaṃ saṅkharontīti <span class="bld">vacīsaṅkhārā</span>. Assāsapassāsā kāyena saṅkharīyantīti <a name="M1.0058"></a> <span class="bld">kāyasaṅkhārā</span>. Saññā ca vedanā ca cittena saṅkharīyantīti <span class="bld">cittasaṅkhārā</span>. Idha pana saṅkhatasaṅkhārā adhippetā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aniccā</span>ti hutvā abhāvaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Dukkhā</span>ti pīḷanaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Sabbe dhammā</span>ti nibbānampi antokatvā vuttā. <span class="bld">Anattā</span>ti avasavattanaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Idaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasacca</span>ntiādīsu ‘‘dukkhasamudayo dukkhanirodho’’ti vattabbe ‘‘dukkhasamudayaṃ dukkhanirodha’’nti liṅgavipallāso kato. Yasmā pana buddhādayo ariyā paṭivijjhanti, tasmā ariyasaccānīti vuccanti. Yathāha ‘‘cattārimāni, bhikkhave, ariyasaccāni…pe… imāni kho, bhikkhave, cattāri ariyasaccāni. Ariyā imāni paṭivijjhanti, tasmā ariyasaccānīti vuccantī’’ti. Ariyassa saccānītipi ariyasaccāni. Yathāha ‘‘sadevake loke…pe… sadevamanussāya tathāgato ariyo, tasmā ariyasaccānīti vuccantī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.1098). Etesaṃ abhisambuddhattā ariyabhāvasiddhitopi ariyasaccāni. Yathāha ‘‘imesaṃ kho, bhikkhave, catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ yathābhūtaṃ abhisambuddhattā tathāgato arahaṃ sammāsambuddho ariyoti vuccatī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.1093). Ariyāni saccānītipi ariyasaccāni. <span class="bld">Ariyānī</span>ti avitathāni, avisaṃvādakānīti attho. Yathāha ‘‘imāni kho, bhikkhave, cattāri ariyasaccāni tathāni avitathāni anaññathāni, tasmā ariyasaccānīti vuccantī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.1097). <span class="bld">Saccānī</span>ti ko saccaṭṭhoti ce? Yo paññācakkhunā upaparikkhamānānaṃ <a name="P1.0063"></a> māyāva viparīto, marīcīva visaṃvādako, titthiyānaṃ parikappitaattāva anupalabbhasabhāvo ca na hoti, atha kho bādhanapabhavasantiniyyānappakārena tacchāviparītabhūtabhāvena ariyañāṇassa gocaro hotiyeva. Esa aggilakkhaṇaṃ viya lokapakati viya ca tacchāviparītabhūtabhāvo saccaṭṭhoti veditabbo. Yathāha ‘‘idaṃ dukkhanti, bhikkhave, tathametaṃ avitathametaṃ anaññathameta’’nti (saṃ. ni. 5.1090) vitthāro. Apica –</p>
<p class="gatha1">Nābādhakaṃ yato dukkhaṃ, dukkhā aññaṃ na bādhakaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Bādhakattaniyāmena, tato saccamidaṃ mataṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Taṃ <a name="V1.0054"></a> vinā nāññato dukkhaṃ, na hoti na ca taṃ tato;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Dukkhahetu niyāmena, iti saccaṃ visattikā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Nāññā <a name="M1.0059"></a> nibbānato santi, santaṃ na ca na taṃ yato;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Santabhāvaniyāmena, tato saccamidaṃ mataṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Maggā aññaṃ na niyyānaṃ, aniyyāno na cāpi so;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tacchaniyyānabhāvena, iti so saccasammato.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Iti tacchāvipallāsa-bhūtabhāvaṃ catūsvapi;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Dukkhādīsvavisesena, saccaṭṭhaṃ āhu paṇḍitāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">So panāyaṃ <span class="bld">sacca</span>saddo anekesu atthesu dissati. Seyyathidaṃ – ‘‘saccaṃ bhaṇe na kujjheyyā’’tiādīsu (dha. pa. 224) vācāsacce. ‘‘Sacce ṭhitā samaṇabrāhmaṇā cā’’tiādīsu (jā. 2.21.433) viratisacce. ‘‘Kasmā nu saccāni vadanti nānā, pavādiyāse kusalāvadānā’’tiādīsu (su. ni. 891) diṭṭhisacce. ‘‘Ekañhi <a name="P1.0064"></a> saccaṃ na dutīyamatthi, yasmiṃ pajā no vivade pajāna’’ntiādīsu (su. ni. 890; mahāni. 119) paramatthasacce nibbāne ceva magge ca. ‘‘Catunnaṃ saccānaṃ kati kusalā kati akusalā’’tiādīsu (vibha. 216) ariyasacce. Svāyamidhāpi ariyasacce pavattatīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Niddesavārasaṅgahitassa vissajjanuddesassa</p>
<p class="centered">Atthavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Abhiññeyyaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para2"></a><span class="paranum">2</span>. Idāni <a name="P1.0065"></a> vissajjanuddesasaṅgahite dhamme pabhedato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">kathaṃ ime dhammā abhiññeyyā</span>tiādi niddesavāro āraddho. Tattha abhiññeyyaniddesādīsu pañcasu ādito ekakādivasena dasa dasa vissajjanāni <span class="bld">dasuttarapariyāyena</span> saṃsandetvā uddiṭṭhāni. Tesu abhiññeyyaniddese <a name="V1.0055"></a> tāva <span class="bld">sabbe sattā</span>ti kāmabhavādīsu saññābhavādīsu ekavokārabhavādīsu ca sabbabhavesu sabbe sattā. <span class="bld">Āhāraṭṭhitikā</span>ti āhārato ṭhiti etesanti āhāraṭṭhitikā. <span class="bld">Ṭhitī</span>ti cettha sakakkhaṇe atthitā adhippetā. Iti sabbasattānaṃ ṭhitihetu āhāro nā <a name="M1.0060"></a> eko dhammo adhikena ñāṇena jānitabbo. Paccaye hi abhiññāte paccayuppannāpi abhiññātā honti ubhinnampi aññamaññāpekkhattā. Etena ñātapariññā vuttā hoti. Nanu ca evaṃ sante yaṃ vuttaṃ ‘‘asaññasattā devā ahetukā anāhārā aphassakā’’tiādi (vibha. 1017), taṃ virujjhatīti. Tañca na virujjhati. Tesañhi jhānaṃ āhāroti. Evaṃ santepi ‘‘cattārome, bhikkhave, āhārā bhūtānaṃ vā sattānaṃ ṭhitiyā, sambhavesīnaṃ vā anuggahāya. Katame cattāro? Kabaḷīkāro āhāro oḷāriko vā sukhumo vā, phasso dutiyo, manosañcetanā tatiyā, viññāṇaṃ catuttha’’nti (saṃ. ni. 2.11) idaṃ virujjhatīti. Idampi na virujjhati. Etasmiñhi sutte nippariyāyena āhāralakkhaṇāva dhammā āhārāti vuttā. Idha pana pariyāyena paccayo āhāroti vutto. Sabbasaṅkhatadhammānañhi paccayo laddhuṃ vaṭṭati, so ca yaṃ yaṃ phalaṃ janeti, taṃ taṃ āharati nāma. Tasmā āhāroti vuccati. Tenevāha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Avijjampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sāhāraṃ vadāmi, no anāhāraṃ. Ko ca, bhikkhave, avijjāya āhāro? ‘Pañca nīvaraṇā’tissa vacanīyaṃ. Pañca nīvaraṇepāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sāhāre vadāmi, no anāhāre. Ko ca, bhikkhave, pañcannaṃ nīvaraṇānaṃ āhāro. ‘Ayoniso manasikāro’tissa <a name="P1.0066"></a> vacanīya’’ntiādi (a. ni. 10.61). Ayaṃ idha adhippeto.</p>
<p class="unindented">Etasmiñhi paccayāhāre gahite pariyāyāhāropi nippariyāyāhāropi sabbo gahitova hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha asaññabhave paccayāhāro labbhati. Anuppanne hi buddhe titthāyatane pabbajitvā vāyokasiṇe parikammaṃ katvā catutthajjhānaṃ nibbattetvā tato vuṭṭhāya ‘‘dhī cittaṃ, dhī cittaṃ, cittassa nāma abhāvoyeva sādhu. Cittañhi nissāya vadhabandhanādipaccayaṃ dukkhaṃ uppajjati, citte asati nattheta’’nti khantiṃ ruciṃ uppādetvā aparihīnajjhānā kālaṃkatvā asaññabhave nibbattanti. Yo yassa iriyāpatho manussaloke paṇihito ahosi, so tena iriyāpathena nibbattitvā pañca kappasatāni tiṭṭhati. Ettakaṃ addhānaṃ nipanno viya nisinno viya ṭhito viya hoti. Evarūpānañca sattānaṃ paccayāhāro labbhati. Te hi yaṃ jhānaṃ bhāvetvā nibbattā<a name="V1.0056"></a>, tade <a name="M1.0061"></a> nesaṃ paccayo hoti. Yathā jiyāvegena khittasaro yāva jiyāvego atthi, tāva gacchati, evaṃ yāva jhānapaccayo atthi, tāva tiṭṭhanti. Tasmiṃ niṭṭhite khīṇavego saro viya patanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ye pana te nerayikā ‘‘nevuṭṭhānaphalūpajīvino na puññaphalūpajīvino’’ti vuttā, tesaṃ ko āhāroti? Tesaṃ kammameva āhāroti. Kiṃ pañca āhārā atthīti? ‘‘Pañca, na pañcā’’ti idaṃ na vattabbaṃ. Nanu ‘‘paccayo āhāro’’ti vutto, tasmā yena kammena te niraye nibbattā, tadeva tesaṃ ṭhitipaccayattā āhāro. Yaṃ sandhāya idaṃ vuttaṃ ‘‘na tāva kālaṃ karoti, yāva na taṃ pāpakammaṃ byantī hotī’’ti (a. ni. 3.36; ma. ni. 3.250). Tasmā <span class="bld">āhāraṭṭhitikā</span>ti paccayaṭṭhitikāti attho. Kabaḷīkāraṃ āhāraṃ ārabbhāti cettha vivādo na kātabbo. Mukhe uppannakheḷopi hi tesaṃ āhārakiccaṃ sādheti. Kheḷo hi niraye dukkhavedanīyo hutvā paccayo hoti, sagge sukhavedanīyo. Iti kāmabhave nippariyāyena cattāro āhārā, rūpārūpabhavesu ṭhapetvā asaññabhavaṃ sesānaṃ tayo<a name="P1.0067"></a>, asaññānañceva avasesānañca paccayāhāroti iminā āhārena sabbe sattā āhāraṭṭhitikā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbe sattā</span>ti ca puggalādhiṭṭhānā dhammadesanā, sabbe saṅkhārāti adhippāyo. Bhagavatopi hi dhammapuggalānaṃ vasena catubbidhā desanā – dhammādhiṭṭhānā dhammadesanā, dhammādhiṭṭhānā puggaladesanā, puggalādhiṭṭhānā puggaladesanā, puggalādhiṭṭhānā dhammadesanāti. ‘‘Nāhaṃ, bhikkhave, aññaṃ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi, yaṃ evaṃ bhāvitaṃ kammaniyaṃ hoti, yathayidaṃ cittaṃ. Cittaṃ, bhikkhave, bhāvitaṃ kammaniyaṃ hotī’’ti (a. ni. 1.22) evarūpī <span class="bld">dhammādhiṭṭhānā dhammadesanā</span>. ‘‘Aṭṭhānametaṃ, bhikkhave, anavakāso yaṃ diṭṭhisampanno puggalo kañci saṅkhāraṃ niccato upagaccheyya, netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjatī’’ti (a. ni. 1.268) evarūpī <span class="bld">dhammādhiṭṭhānā puggaladesanā</span>. ‘‘Ekapuggalo, bhikkhave, loke uppajjamāno uppajjati bahujanahitāya bahujanasukhāya lokānukampāya atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussāna’’nti (a. ni. 1.170, 309), evarūpī <span class="bld">puggalādhiṭṭhānā puggaladesanā</span>. ‘‘Ekapuggalassa bhikkhave, pātubhāvā mahato cakkhussa pātubhāvo hotī’’ti (a. ni. 1.175-186) evarūpī <span class="bld">puggalādhiṭṭhānā dhammadesanā</span>. Tāsu idha puggalādhiṭṭhānā dhammadesanā<a name="M1.0062"></a>. Upari yāva dasakā dhammānaṃyeva gahitattā sattaggahaṇena dhammaggahaṇaṃ katanti veditabbaṃ, visesena vā sattasantānapariyāpannadhammānaṃyeva adhikena ñāṇena sabhāvato upaparikkhitabbattā sattaggahaṇaṃ katanti veditabbaṃ, saṅkhāre upādāya sattoti paññattimattasambhavato vā phalopacārena saṅkhārā ‘‘sattā’’ti <a name="V1.0057"></a> vuttāti veditabbaṃ. Na hi koci satto paccayaṭṭhitiko atthi aññatra saṅkhārehi, vohāravasena pana evaṃ vuccati. Evametena ñātapariññā vuttā hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dve dhātuyo</span>ti saṅkhatā ca dhātu asaṅkhatā ca dhātu. Tattha anekehi paccayehi saṅgamma katā pañcakkhandhā saṅkhatā dhātu, kehici paccayehi akataṃ nibbānaṃ asaṅkhatā dhātu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tisso dhātuyo</span>ti kāmadhātu rūpadhātu arūpadhātu (vibha. 181-182). Tattha katamā kāmadhātu? Heṭṭhato avīcinirayaṃ pariyantaṃ karitvā uparito paranimmitavasavattī deve antokaritvā <a name="P1.0068"></a> yaṃ etasmiṃ antare etthāvacarā ettha pariyāpannā khandhā dhātū āyatanā rūpā vedanā saññā saṅkhārā viññāṇaṃ. Ayaṃ vuccati kāmadhātu (vibha. 182; dha. sa. 1287). Tattha katamā rūpadhātu? Heṭṭhato brahmalokaṃ pariyantaṃ karitvā uparito akaniṭṭhe deve antokaritvā yaṃ etasmiṃ antare etthāvacarā ettha pariyāpannā samāpannassa vā upapannassa vā diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārissa vā cittacetasikā dhammā. Ayaṃ vuccati rūpadhātu. Tattha katamā arūpadhātu? Heṭṭhato ākāsānañcāyatanūpage deve pariyantaṃ karitvā uparito nevasaññānāsaññāyatanūpage deve antokaritvā yaṃ etasmiṃ antare etthāvacarā ettha pariyāpannā samāpannassa vā upapannassa vā diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārissa vā cittacetasikā dhammā. Ayaṃ vuccati arūpadhātu. Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ pana ‘‘kāmadhātūti kāmabhavo pañcakkhandhā labbhanti, rūpadhātūti rūpabhavo pañcakkhandhā labbhanti. Arūpadhātūti arūpabhavo cattāro khandhā labbhantī’’ti vuttaṃ. Ayaṃ dasuttarapariyāyena yojanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Saṅgītipariyāyena pana ‘‘tisso kusaladhātuyo – nekkhammadhātu abyāpādadhātu avihiṃsādhātu. Aparāpi tisso dhātuyo – rūpadhātu arūpadhātu nirodhadhātu. Aparāpi tisso dhātuyo – hīnā dhātu majjhimā dhātu <a name="M1.0063"></a> paṇītā dhātū’’ti (dī. ni. 1.3.305) vuttā dhātuyopi ettha yujjanti (vibha. 181-182). Nekkhammapaṭisaṃyutto takko vitakko…pe… sammāsaṅkappo. Ayaṃ vuccati nekkhammadhātu. Sabbepi kusalā dhammā nekkhammadhātu. Abyāpādapaṭisaṃyutto takko vitakko…pe… sammāsaṅkappo abyāpādadhātu. Yā sattesu metti mettāyanā mettāyitattaṃ mettācetovimutti. Ayaṃ vuccati abyāpādadhātu. Avihiṃsāpaṭisaṃyutto takko vitakko…pe… sammāsaṅkappo avihiṃsādhātu. Yā sattesu karuṇā karuṇāyanā karuṇāyitattaṃ karuṇācetovimutti. Ayaṃ vuccati avihiṃsādhātu (vibha. 182). Rūpārūpadhātuyo vuttāyeva. Nirodhadhātu nibbānaṃ. Hīnā dhātu dvādasākusalacittuppādā, majjhimā <a name="V1.0058"></a> dhātu avasesā tebhūmakadhammā. Paṇītā dhātu nava lokuttaradhammā. Sabbāpi ca nijjīvaṭṭhena dhātu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cattāri ariyasaccānī</span>ti dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ, dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasaccaṃ, dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ, dukkhanirodhagāminī <a name="P1.0069"></a> paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ. Imesaṃ vaṇṇanā saccavissajjanesuyeva bhavissati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pañca vimuttāyatanānī</span>ti attano hitatthāya parehi pavattitadhammadesanāsavanaṃ, paresaṃ hitatthāya attano yathāsutadhammadesanā, yathāsutassa dhammassa sajjhāyakaraṇaṃ, yathāsutassa dhammassa cetasā anuvitakkanaṃ, kasiṇāsubhādīsu anukūlaṃ ārammaṇanti, imāni pañca vimuccanakāraṇāni. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno satthā dhammaṃ deseti aññataro vā garuṭṭhāniyo sabrahmacārī, yathā yathā kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno satthā dhammaṃ deseti aññataro vā garuṭṭhāniyo sabrahmacārī, tathā tathā so tasmiṃ dhamme atthapaṭisaṃvedī ca hoti dhammapaṭisaṃvedī ca, tassa atthapaṭisaṃvedino dhammapaṭisaṃvedino pāmojjaṃ jāyati, pamuditassa pīti jāyati, pītimanassa kāyo passambhati, passaddhakāyo sukhaṃ vedeti, sukhino cittaṃ samādhiyati, idaṃ paṭhamaṃ vimuttāyatanaṃ.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Puna <a name="M1.0064"></a> caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno na heva kho satthā dhammaṃ deseti aññataro vā garuṭṭhāniyo sabrahmacārī, api ca kho yathāsutaṃ yathāpariyattaṃ dhammaṃ vitthārena paresaṃ deseti. Yathā yathā kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno…pe… sukhino cittaṃ samādhiyati. Idaṃ dutiyaṃ vimuttāyatanaṃ.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno naheva kho satthā dhammaṃ deseti aññataro vā garuṭṭhāniyo sabrahmacārī, nāpi yathāsutaṃ yathāpariyattaṃ dhammaṃ vitthārena paresaṃ deseti, api ca kho yathāsutaṃ yathāpariyattaṃ dhammaṃ vitthārena sajjhāyaṃ karoti. Yathā yathā kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno…pe… sukhino cittaṃ samādhiyati. Idaṃ tatiyaṃ vimuttāyatanaṃ.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno naheva kho satthā dhammaṃ deseti aññataro vā garuṭṭhāniyo <a name="V1.0059"></a> sabrahmacārī, nāpi yathāsutaṃ yathāpariyattaṃ dhammaṃ vitthārena paresaṃ deseti, nāpi yathāsutaṃ yathāpariyattaṃ dhammaṃ vitthārena sajjhāyaṃ karoti, api ca kho yathāsutaṃ yathāpariyattaṃ dhammaṃ cetasā anuvitakketi anuvicāreti manasānupekkhati. Yathā yathā kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno…pe… sukhino cittaṃ <a name="P1.0070"></a> samādhiyati. Idaṃ catutthaṃ vimuttāyatanaṃ.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno naheva kho satthā dhammaṃ deseti aññataro vā garuṭṭhāniyo sabrahmacārī, nāpi yathāsutaṃ yathāpariyattaṃ dhammaṃ vitthārena paresaṃ deseti, nāpi yathāsutaṃ yathāpariyattaṃ dhammaṃ vitthārena sajjhāyaṃ karoti, nāpi yathāsutaṃ yathāpariyattaṃ dhammaṃ cetasā anuvitakketi anuvicāreti manasānupekkhati, api ca khvassa aññataraṃ samādhinimittaṃ suggahitaṃ hoti sumanasikataṃ sūpadhāritaṃ suppaṭividdhaṃ paññāya, yathā yathā kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno aññataraṃ samādhinimittaṃ suggahitaṃ hoti sumanasikataṃ sūpadhāritaṃ suppaṭividdhaṃ paññāya tathā tathā so tasmiṃ dhamme atthapaṭisaṃvedī ca hoti dhammapaṭisaṃvedī ca. Tassa atthapaṭisaṃvedino dhammapaṭisaṃvedino pāmojjaṃ jāyati<a name="M1.0065"></a>, pamuditassa pīti jāyati, pītimanassa kāyo passambhati, passaddhakāyo sukhaṃ vedeti, sukhino cittaṃ samādhiyati. Idaṃ pañcamaṃ vimuttāyatana’’nti (a. ni. 5.26; dī. ni. 3.322).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cha anuttariyānī</span>ti ettha natthi etesaṃ uttaranti anuttarāni, anuttarāni eva anuttariyāni, jeṭṭhakānīti attho. Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Chayimāni (a. ni. 6.8, 30), bhikkhave, anuttariyāni. Katamāni cha? Dassanānuttariyaṃ, savanānuttariyaṃ, lābhānuttariyaṃ, sikkhānuttariyaṃ, pāricariyānuttariyaṃ, anussatānuttariyanti.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Katamañca, bhikkhave, dassanānuttariyaṃ? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco hatthiratanampi dassanāya gacchati, assaratanampi dassanāya gacchati, maṇiratanampi dassanāya gacchati, uccāvacaṃ vā pana dassanāya gacchati, samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā micchādiṭṭhikaṃ micchāpaṭipannaṃ dassanāya gacchati. Atthetaṃ, bhikkhave, dassanaṃ, netaṃ natthīti vadāmi. Tañca kho etaṃ, bhikkhave, dassanaṃ hīnaṃ gammaṃ pothujjanikaṃ anariyaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ na nibbidāya <a name="V1.0060"></a> na virāgāya na nirodhāya na upasamāya na abhiññāya na sambodhāya na nibbānāya saṃvattati. Yo ca kho, bhikkhave, tathāgataṃ vā tathāgatasāvakaṃ vā dassanāya gacchati niviṭṭhasaddho niviṭṭhapemo ekantagato abhippasanno. Etadānuttariyaṃ, bhikkhave, dassanānaṃ sattānaṃ visuddhiyā sokaparidevānaṃ <a name="P1.0071"></a> samatikkamāya dukkhadomanassānaṃ atthaṅgamāya ñāyassa adhigamāya nibbānassa sacchikiriyāya, yadidaṃ tathāgataṃ vā tathāgatasāvakaṃ vā dassanāya gacchati niviṭṭhasaddho niviṭṭhapemo ekantagato abhippasanno. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dassanānuttariyaṃ. Iti dassanānuttariyaṃ.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Savanānuttariyañca kathaṃ hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco bherisaddampi savanāya gacchati, vīṇāsaddampi savanāya gacchati, gītasaddampi savanāya gacchati, uccāvacaṃ vā pana savanāya gacchati, samaṇassa vā brāhmaṇassa vā micchādiṭṭhikassa micchāpaṭipannassa dhammassavanāya gacchati. Atthetaṃ, bhikkhave, savanaṃ, netaṃ natthīti vadāmi<a name="M1.0066"></a>. Tañca kho etaṃ, bhikkhave, savanaṃ hīnaṃ…pe… na nibbānāya saṃvattati. Yo ca kho, bhikkhave, tathāgatassa vā tathāgatasāvakassa vā dhammassavanāya gacchati niviṭṭhasaddho niviṭṭhapemo ekantagato abhippasanno. Etadānuttariyaṃ, bhikkhave, savanānaṃ sattānaṃ visuddhiyā…pe… nibbānassa sacchikiriyāya, yadidaṃ tathāgatassa vā tathāgatasāvakassa vā dhammassavanāya gacchati niviṭṭhasaddho niviṭṭhapemo ekantagato abhippasanno. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, savanānuttariyaṃ. Iti dassanānuttariyaṃ, savanānuttariyaṃ.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Lābhānuttariyañca kathaṃ hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puttalābhampi labhati, dāralābhampi labhati, dhanalābhampi labhati, uccāvacaṃ vā pana lābhampi labhati. Samaṇe vā brāhmaṇe vā micchādiṭṭhike micchāpaṭipanne saddhaṃ paṭilabhati. Attheso, bhikkhave, lābho, neso natthīti vadāmi. So ca kho eso, bhikkhave, lābho hīno…pe… na nibbānāya saṃvattati. Yo ca kho, bhikkhave, tathāgate vā tathāgatasāvake vā saddhaṃ paṭilabhati niviṭṭhasaddho niviṭṭhapemo ekantagato abhippasanno. Etadānuttariyaṃ, bhikkhave, lābhānaṃ sattānaṃ visuddhiyā…pe… nibbānassa sacchikiriyāya, yadidaṃ tathāgate vā tathāgatasāvake vā saddhaṃ paṭilabhati niviṭṭhasaddho niviṭṭhapemo ekantagato abhippasanno. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, lābhānuttariyaṃ<a name="P1.0072"></a>. Iti dassanānuttariyaṃ, savanānuttariyaṃ, lābhānuttariyaṃ.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Sikkhānuttariyañca <a name="V1.0061"></a> kathaṃ hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco hatthismimpi sikkhati, assasmimpi sikkhati, rathasmimpi sikkhati, dhanusmimpi sikkhati, tharusmimpi sikkhati, uccāvacaṃ vā pana sikkhati, samaṇassa vā brāhmaṇassa vā micchādiṭṭhikassa micchāpaṭipannassa sikkhati. Atthesā, bhikkhave, sikkhā, nesā natthīti vadāmi. Sā ca kho esā, bhikkhave, sikkhā hīnā…pe… na nibbānāya saṃvattati. Yo ca kho, bhikkhave, tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye adhisīlampi sikkhati, adhicittampi sikkhati, adhipaññampi sikkhati niviṭṭhasaddho niviṭṭhapemo ekantagato abhippasanno. Etadānuttariyaṃ, bhikkhave<a name="M1.0067"></a>, sikkhānaṃ sattānaṃ visuddhiyā…pe… nibbānassa sacchikiriyāya, yadidaṃ tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye adhisīlampi sikkhati, adhicittampi sikkhati, adhipaññampi sikkhati niviṭṭhasaddho niviṭṭhapemo ekantagato abhippasanno. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, sikkhānuttariyaṃ. Iti dassanānuttariyaṃ, savanānuttariyaṃ, lābhānuttariyaṃ, sikkhānuttariyaṃ.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Pāricariyānuttariyañca kathaṃ hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco khattiyampi paricarati, brāhmaṇampi paricarati, gahapatimpi paricarati, uccāvacaṃ vā pana paricarati, samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā micchādiṭṭhikaṃ micchāpaṭipannaṃ paricarati. Atthesā, bhikkhave, pāricariyā, nesā natthīti vadāmi. Sā ca kho esā, bhikkhave, pāricariyā hīnā…pe… na nibbānāya saṃvattati. Yo ca kho, bhikkhave, tathāgataṃ vā tathāgatasāvakaṃ vā paricarati niviṭṭhasaddho niviṭṭhapemo ekantagato abhippasanno. Etadānuttariyaṃ, bhikkhave, pāricariyānaṃ sattānaṃ visuddhiyā…pe… nibbānassa sacchikiriyāya, yadidaṃ tathāgataṃ vā tathāgatasāvakaṃ vā paricarati niviṭṭhasaddho niviṭṭhapemo ekantagato abhippasanno. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, pāricariyānuttariyaṃ. Iti dassanānuttariyaṃ, savanānuttariyaṃ, lābhānuttariyaṃ, sikkhānuttariyaṃ, pāricariyānuttariyaṃ.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Anussatānuttariyañca <a name="P1.0073"></a> kathaṃ hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puttalābhampi anussarati, dāralābhampi anussarati, dhanalābhampi anussarati, uccāvacaṃ vā pana anussarati, samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā micchādiṭṭhikaṃ micchāpaṭipannaṃ anussarati. Atthesā, bhikkhave, anussati, nesā natthīti vadāmi. Sā ca kho esā, bhikkhave, anussati hīnā…pe… na nibbānāya saṃvattati. Yo ca kho, bhikkhave, tathāgataṃ vā <a name="V1.0062"></a> tathāgatasāvakaṃ vā anussarati niviṭṭhasaddho niviṭṭhapemo ekantagato abhippasanno. Etadānuttariyaṃ, bhikkhave, anussatīnaṃ sattānaṃ visuddhiyā…pe… nibbānassa sacchikiriyāya, yadidaṃ tathāgataṃ vā tathāgatasāvakaṃ vā anussarati niviṭṭhasaddho niviṭṭhapemo ekantagato abhippasanno. Idaṃ <a name="M1.0068"></a> vuccati, bhikkhave, anussatānuttariyaṃ. Imāni kho, bhikkhave, cha anuttariyānī’’ti (a. ni. 6.30).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Satta niddasavatthūnī</span>ti ettha natthi etassa dasāti niddaso. Niddasassa niddasabhāvassa vatthūni kāraṇāni niddasavatthūni. Khīṇāsavo hi dasavassakāle parinibbuto puna paṭisandhiyā abhāvā puna dasavasso na hotīti niddasoti vuccati. Na kevalañca dasavassova na hoti, navavassopi…pe… ekamuhuttikopi na hotiyeva. Na kevalañca dasavassakāle parinibbuto, sattavassikakāle parinibbutopi nissatto niddaso nimuhutto hotiyeva. Titthiyasamaye uppannavohāraṃ pana sāsane khīṇāsavassa āropetvā tattha tādisassa abhāvaṃ, idha ca sabbhāvaṃ dassento bhagavā tādisasabhāvassa kāraṇāni ‘‘satta niddasavatthūnī’’ti āha. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Sattimāni, bhikkhave, niddasavatthūni. Katamāni satta? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sikkhāsamādāne tibbacchando hoti, āyatiñca sikkhāsamādāne avigatapemo. Dhammanisantiyā tibbacchando hoti, āyatiñca dhammanisantiyā avigatapemo. Icchāvinaye tibbacchando hoti, āyatiñca icchāvinaye avigatapemo. Paṭisallāne tibbacchando hoti, āyatiñca paṭisallāne avigatapemo. Vīriyārambhe tibbacchando hoti, āyatiñca vīriyārambhe avigatapemo<a name="P1.0074"></a>. Satinepakke tibbacchando hoti, āyatiñca satinepakke avigatapemo. Diṭṭhipaṭivedhe tibbacchando hoti, āyatiñca diṭṭhipaṭivedhe avigatapemo. Imāni kho, bhikkhave, satta niddasavatthūnī’’ti (a. ni. 7.20).</p>
<p class="unindented">Theropi tatheva desanaṃ uddharitvā ‘‘satta niddasavatthūnī’’ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aṭṭha abhibhāyatanānī</span>ti ettha abhibhuyyamānāni āyatanāni etesaṃ jhānānanti abhibhāyatanāni, jhānāni. <span class="bld">Āyatanānī</span>ti adhiṭṭhānaṭṭhena āyatanasaṅkhātāni kasiṇārammaṇāni. Ñāṇuttariko hi puggalo visadañāṇo <a name="M1.0069"></a> ‘‘kiṃ ettha ārammaṇe samāpajjitabbaṃ. Na mayhaṃ cittekaggatākaraṇe bhāro atthī’’ti, tāni ārammaṇāni abhibhavitvā samāpajjati, saha nimittuppādenevettha <a name="V1.0063"></a> appanaṃ nibbattetīti attho. Evaṃ uppāditāni jhānāni ‘‘abhibhāyatanānī’’ti vuccanti.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Katamāni (a. ni. 8.65) aṭṭha? Ajjhattaṃ rūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati parittāni suvaṇṇadubbaṇṇāni, ‘tāni abhibhuyya jānāmi passāmī’ti evaṃsaññī hoti. Idaṃ paṭhamaṃ abhibhāyatanaṃ.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Ajjhattaṃ rūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati appamāṇāni suvaṇṇadubbaṇṇāni, ‘tāni abhibhuyya jānāmi passāmī’ti evaṃsaññī hoti. Idaṃ dutiyaṃ abhibhāyatanaṃ.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati parittāni suvaṇṇadubbaṇṇāni, ‘tāni abhibhuyya jānāmi passāmī’ti evaṃsaññī hoti. Idaṃ tatiyaṃ abhibhāyatanaṃ.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati appamāṇāni suvaṇṇadubbaṇṇāni, ‘tāni abhibhuyya jānāmi passāmī’ti evaṃsaññī hoti. Idaṃ catutthaṃ abhibhāyatanaṃ.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati nīlāni nīlavaṇṇāni nīlanidassanāni nīlanibhāsāni. Seyyathāpi nāma umāpupphaṃ nīlaṃ nīlavaṇṇaṃ nīlanidassanaṃ nīlanibhāsaṃ, seyyathāpi vā pana taṃ vatthaṃ bārāṇaseyyakaṃ ubhatobhāgavimaṭṭhaṃ nīlaṃ nīlavaṇṇaṃ nīlanidassanaṃ nīlanibhāsaṃ, evameva ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati nīlāni nīlavaṇṇāni nīlanidassanāni nīlanibhāsāni, ‘tāni abhibhuyya jānāmi passāmī’ti evaṃsaññī hoti. Idaṃ pañcamaṃ abhibhāyatanaṃ.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati pītāni pītavaṇṇāni pītanidassanāni pītanibhāsāni. Seyyathāpi nāma kaṇikārapupphaṃ pītaṃ pītavaṇṇaṃ pītanidassanaṃ <a name="P1.0075"></a> pītanibhāsaṃ, seyyathāpi vā pana taṃ vatthaṃ bārāṇaseyyakaṃ ubhatobhāgavimaṭṭhaṃ <a name="V1.0064"></a> pītaṃ <a name="M1.0070"></a> pītavaṇṇaṃ pītanidassanaṃ pītanibhāsaṃ, evameva ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati pītāni pītavaṇṇāni pītanidassanāni pītanibhāsāni, ‘tāni abhibhuyya jānāmi passāmī’ti evaṃsaññī hoti. Idaṃ chaṭṭhaṃ abhibhāyatanaṃ.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati lohitakāni lohitakavaṇṇāni lohitakanidassanāni lohitakanibhāsāni. Seyyathāpi nāma bandhujīvakapupphaṃ lohitakaṃ lohitakavaṇṇaṃ lohitakanidassanaṃ lohitakanibhāsaṃ, seyyathāpi vā pana taṃ vatthaṃ bārāṇaseyyakaṃ ubhatobhāgavimaṭṭhaṃ lohitakaṃ lohitakavaṇṇaṃ lohitakanidassanaṃ lohitakanibhāsaṃ, evameva ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati lohitakāni lohitakavaṇṇāni lohitakanidassanāni lohitakanibhāsāni, ‘tāni abhibhuyya jānāmi passāmī’ti evaṃsaññī hoti. Idaṃ sattamaṃ abhibhāyatanaṃ.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati odātāni odātavaṇṇāni odātanidassanāni odātanibhāsāni. Seyyathāpi nāma osadhitārakā odātā odātavaṇṇā odātanidassanā odātanibhāsā, seyyathāpi vā pana taṃ vatthaṃ bārāṇaseyyakaṃ ubhatobhāgavimaṭṭhaṃ odātaṃ odātavaṇṇaṃ odātanidassanaṃ odātanibhāsaṃ, evameva ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati odātāni odātavaṇṇāni odātanidassanāni odātanibhāsāni, ‘tāni abhibhuyya jānāmi passāmī’ti evaṃsaññī hoti. Idaṃ aṭṭhamaṃ abhibhāyatanaṃ. Imāni aṭṭha abhibhāyatanāni (a. ni. 8.65; dī. ni. 3.358).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nava anupubbavihārā</span>ti pubbaṃ pubbaṃ anu anupubbaṃ, anupubbaṃ viharitabbato samāpajjitabbato vihārā anupubbavihārā, anupaṭipāṭiyā samāpajjitabbavihārāti attho.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Katame <a name="M1.0071"></a> nava? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā ajjhattaṃ sampasādanaṃ cetaso ekodibhāvaṃ avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ samādhijaṃ pītisukhaṃ dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Pītiyā ca <a name="V1.0065"></a> virāgā upekkhako ca viharati sato sampajāno, sukhañca kāyena paṭisaṃvedeti, yaṃ taṃ ariyā ācikkhanti ‘upekkhako satimā sukhavihārī’ti, tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Sukhassa ca pahānā dukkhassa ca pahānā pubbeva somanassadomanassānaṃ <a name="P1.0076"></a> atthaṅgamā adukkhamasukhaṃ upekkhāsatipārisuddhiṃ catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Sabbaso rūpasaññānaṃ samatikkamā paṭighasaññānaṃ atthaṅgamā nānattasaññānaṃ amanasikārā ‘ananto ākāso’ti ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Sabbaso ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma ‘anantaṃ viññāṇa’nti viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Sabbaso viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma ‘natthi kiñcī’ti ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Sabbaso ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ samatikkamma nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Sabbaso nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ samatikkamma saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ upasampajja viharatī’’ti (a. ni. 9.33; dī. ni. 3.343, 359) vuttā nava anupubbavihārāva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dasa nijjaravatthūnī</span>ti micchādiṭṭhādīni nijjarayanti nāsayantīti nijjarāni. <span class="bld">Vatthūnī</span>ti kāraṇāni. Nijjarāni ca tāni vatthūni cāti nijjaravatthūni. Sammādiṭṭhādīnaṃ etaṃ adhivacanaṃ.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Katamāni (a. ni. 10.106; dī. ni. 3.360) dasa? Sammādiṭṭhikassa, bhikkhave, micchādiṭṭhi nijjiṇṇā hoti. Ye ca micchādiṭṭhipaccayā aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā sambhavanti, te cassa nijjiṇṇā honti, sammādiṭṭhipaccayā ca aneke kusalā dhammā bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Sammāsaṅkappassa, bhikkhave, micchāsaṅkappo nijjiṇṇo hoti. Ye ca micchāsaṅkappapaccayā aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā sambhavanti<a name="M1.0072"></a>, te cassa nijjiṇṇā honti, sammāsaṅkappapaccayā ca aneke kusalā dhammā bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Sammāvācassa, bhikkhave, micchāvācā nijjiṇṇā hoti. Ye ca micchāvācāpaccayā <a name="V1.0066"></a> aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā sambhavanti, te cassa nijjiṇṇā honti, sammāvācāpaccayā ca aneke kusalā dhammā bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Sammākammantassa, bhikkhave, micchākammanto nijjiṇṇo hoti. Ye ca micchākammantapaccayā aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā sambhavanti, te cassa nijjiṇṇā honti, sammākammantapaccayā ca aneke kusalā dhammā bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Sammāājīvassa, bhikkhave, micchāājīvo nijjiṇṇo hoti. Ye ca micchāājīvapaccayā aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā sambhavanti, te <a name="P1.0077"></a> cassa nijjiṇṇā honti, sammāājīvapaccayā ca aneke kusalā dhammā bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Sammāvāyāmassa, bhikkhave, micchāvāyāmo nijjiṇṇo hoti. Ye ca micchāvāyāmapaccayā aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā sambhavanti, te cassa nijjiṇṇā honti, sammāvāyāmapaccayā ca aneke kusalā dhammā bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Sammāsatissa, bhikkhave, micchāsati nijjiṇṇā hoti. Ye ca micchāsatipaccayā aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā sambhavanti, te cassa nijjiṇṇā honti, sammāsatipaccayā ca aneke kusalā dhammā bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Sammāsamādhissa, bhikkhave, micchāsamādhi nijjiṇṇo hoti. Ye ca micchāsamādhipaccayā aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā sambhavanti, te cassa nijjiṇṇā honti, sammāsamādhipaccayā ca aneke kusalā dhammā bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Sammāñāṇissa, bhikkhave, micchāñāṇaṃ nijjiṇṇaṃ hoti. Ye ca micchāñāṇapaccayā aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā sambhavanti, te cassa nijjiṇṇā honti, sammāñāṇapaccayā ca aneke kusalā dhammā bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Sammāvimuttissa<a name="M1.0073"></a>, bhikkhave, micchāvimutti nijjiṇṇā hoti. Ye ca micchāvimuttipaccayā <a name="V1.0067"></a> aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā sambhavanti, te cassa nijjiṇṇā honti, sammāvimuttipaccayā ca aneke kusalā dhammā bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchantī’’ti (a. ni. 10.106; dī. ni. 3.360) vuttāni dasa nijjaravatthūni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para3"></a><span class="paranum">3</span>. <span class="bld">Sabbaṃ, bhikkhave, abhiññeyya</span>ntiādi bhagavatā vuttaṃ idha āharitvā dassitanti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Kiñca</span>-iti <span class="bld">ca</span>-kāro padapūraṇamatte nipāto. <span class="bld">Cakkhā</span>dīni tiṃsa vissajjanāni chasu dvāresu ekekasmiṃ pañca pañca katvā dvārārammaṇapavattikkamena niddiṭṭhāni. Tattha duvidhaṃ cakkhu – maṃsacakkhu paññācakkhu ca. Tesu buddhacakkhu samantacakkhu ñāṇacakkhu dibbacakkhu dhammacakkhūti pañcavidhaṃ paññācakkhu. ‘‘Addasaṃ kho ahaṃ, bhikkhave, buddhacakkhunā lokaṃ volokento’’ti (ma. ni. 1.283; 2.339; mahāva. 9) idaṃ <span class="bld">buddhacakkhu</span> nāma. ‘‘Samantacakkhu vuccati sabbaññutaññāṇa’’nti (cūḷani. dhotakamāṇavapucchāniddesa 32; mogharājamāṇavapucchāniddesa 85) idaṃ <span class="bld">samantacakkhu</span> nāma. ‘‘Cakkhuṃ udapādi ñāṇaṃ udapādī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.1081; mahāva. 15) idaṃ <span class="bld">ñāṇacakkhu</span> nāma. ‘‘Addasaṃ kho ahaṃ, bhikkhave, dibbena cakkhunā visuddhenā’’ti (ma. ni. 1.285) idaṃ <span class="bld">dibbacakkhu</span> nāma. ‘‘Virajaṃ vītamalaṃ dhammacakkhuṃ udapādī’’ti (ma. ni. 2.395) idaṃ heṭṭhimamaggattayasaṅkhātaṃ ñāṇaṃ <span class="bld">dhammacakkhu</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Maṃsacakkhu</span>pi sasambhāracakkhu<a name="P1.0078"></a>, pasādacakkhūti duvidhaṃ hoti. Yvāyaṃ akkhikūpake patiṭṭhito heṭṭhā akkhikūpakaṭṭhikena upari bhamukaṭṭhikena ubhato akkhikūṭehi bahiddhā akkhipakhumehi paricchinno akkhikūpakamajjhā nikkhantena nhārusuttakena matthaluṅge ābaddho setakaṇhātikaṇhamaṇḍalavicitto maṃsapiṇḍo, idaṃ <span class="bld">sasambhāracakkhu</span> nāma. Yo pana ettha sito ettha paṭibaddho catunnaṃ mahābhūtānaṃ upādāya pasādo, idaṃ <span class="bld">pasādacakkhu</span> nāma. Idamidhādhippetaṃ. Tadetaṃ tassa sasambhāracakkhuno setamaṇḍalaparikkhittassa kaṇhamaṇḍalassa majjhe abhimukhe ṭhitānaṃ sarīrasaṇṭhānuppattidese diṭṭhimaṇḍale sattasu picupaṭalesu āsittatelaṃ picupaṭalāni viya satta akkhipaṭalāni byāpetvā pamāṇato muggavidalamattaṃ cakkhuviññāṇādīnaṃ yathārahaṃ vatthudvārabhāvaṃ <a name="M1.0074"></a> sādhayamānaṃ tiṭṭhati. Taṃ cakkhatīti <span class="bld">cakkhu,</span> rūpaṃ assādeti vibhāveti cāti attho. Rūpayantīti <span class="bld">rūpā,</span> vaṇṇavikāraṃ āpajjamānā hadayaṅgatabhāvaṃ pakāsentīti attho. Cakkhuto pavattaṃ viññāṇaṃ, cakkhussa vā viññāṇaṃ <span class="bld">cakkhuviññāṇaṃ</span>. Phusatīti phasso. Upasaggena padaṃ maṇḍetvā samphassoti vuttaṃ. Cakkhuto pavatto samphasso <span class="bld">cakkhusamphasso. Cakkhusamphassapaccayā</span>ti <a name="V1.0068"></a> cakkhuviññāṇasampayuttaphassapaccayā. <span class="bld">Vedayita</span>nti vindanaṃ, vedanāti attho. Tadeva sukhayatīti <span class="bld">sukhaṃ,</span> yassuppajjati, taṃ sukhitaṃ karotīti attho. Suṭṭhu vā khādati, khanati ca kāyacittābādhanti sukhaṃ. Dukkhayatīti <span class="bld">dukkhaṃ,</span> yassuppajjati, taṃ dukkhitaṃ karotīti attho. Na dukkhaṃ na sukhanti <span class="bld">adukkhamasukhaṃ. Ma</span>-kāro padasandhivasena vutto. So pana cakkhusamphasso attanā sampayuttāya vedanāya sahajāta aññamaññanissaya vipākaāhārasampayuttaatthiavigatavasena aṭṭhadhā paccayo hoti, sampaṭicchanasampayuttāya anantarasamanantaraanantarūpanissayanatthivigatavasenapañcadhā, santīraṇādisampayuttānaṃ upanissayavaseneva paccayo hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Suṇātīti <a name="P1.0079"></a> <span class="bld">sotaṃ</span>. Taṃ sasambhārasotabilassa anto tanutambalomācite aṅgulivedhakasaṇṭhāne padese sotaviññāṇādīnaṃ yathārahaṃ vatthudvārabhāvaṃ sādhayamānaṃ tiṭṭhati. Sappantīti <span class="bld">saddā,</span> udāharīyantīti attho. Ghāyatīti <span class="bld">ghānaṃ</span>. Taṃ sasambhāraghānabilassa anto ajapadasaṇṭhāne padese ghānaviññāṇādīnaṃ yathārahaṃ vatthudvārabhāvaṃ sādhayamānaṃ tiṭṭhati. Gandhayantīti <span class="bld">gandhā,</span> attano vatthuṃ sūcentīti attho. Jīvitamavhāyatīti <span class="bld">jivhā,</span> sāyanaṭṭhena vā jivhā. Sā sasambhārajivhāya atiaggamūlapassāni vajjetvā uparimatalamajjhe bhinnauppaladalaggasaṇṭhāne padese jivhāviññāṇādīnaṃ yathārahaṃ vatthudvārabhāvaṃ sādhayamānā tiṭṭhati. Rasanti te sattāti <span class="bld">rasā,</span> assādentīti attho. Kucchitānaṃ sāsavadhammānaṃ āyoti <span class="bld">kāyo. Āyo</span>ti uppattideso. So yāvatā imasmiṃ kāye upādiṇṇappavatti nāma atthi, tattha yebhuyyena kāyapasādo kāyaviññāṇādīnaṃ yathārahaṃ vatthudvārabhāvaṃ sādhayamāno tiṭṭhati. Phusīyantīti <span class="bld">phoṭṭhabbā</span>. Munātīti <span class="bld">mano,</span> vijānātīti attho. Attano lakkhaṇaṃ dhārentīti <span class="bld">dhammā</span><a name="M1.0075"></a>. <span class="bld">Mano</span>ti sahāvajjanaṃ bhavaṅgaṃ. <span class="bld">Dhammā</span>ti dvādasapabhedā dhammārammaṇā dhammā. <span class="bld">Manoviññāṇa</span>nti javanamanoviññāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Manosamphasso</span>ti taṃsampayutto phasso. So sampayuttāya vedanāya vipākapaccayavajjehi sesehi sattahi paccayo hoti, anantarāya teheva, sesānaṃ upanissayavaseneva paccayo hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rūpā</span>dīni pañca vissajjanāni khandhavasena niddiṭṭhāni. Sītādīhi ruppati pīḷīyatīti <span class="bld">rūpaṃ</span>. Vedayatīti <span class="bld">vedanā</span>. Sañjānātīti <span class="bld">saññā</span>. Saṅkharontīti <span class="bld">saṅkhārā</span>. <span class="bld">Vijānātīti viññāṇaṃ. Cakkhā</span>dīni dhammavicārapariyantāni dasa chakkavasena, saṭṭhi vissajjanāni piyarūpasātarūpavasena niddiṭṭhāni. Cakkhusamphassajādikā vedanā taṃtaṃsampayuttāva. Rūpesu saññā <span class="bld">rūpasaññā.</span> Sañcetayatīti <span class="bld">sañcetanā,</span> abhisandahatīti attho. Tasatīti <span class="bld">taṇhā,</span> pipāsatīti <a name="V1.0069"></a> attho. Vitakketīti <span class="bld">vitakko,</span> vitakkanaṃ vā vitakko, ūhananti vuttaṃ hoti. Ārammaṇe tena cittaṃ vicaratīti <a name="P1.0080"></a> <span class="bld">vicāro,</span> vicaraṇaṃ vā vicāro, anusañcaraṇanti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para4"></a><span class="paranum">4</span>. <span class="bld">Pathavīdhātā</span>dīni cha vissajjanāni saṃkhittena nāmarūpavavatthānavasena niddiṭṭhāni. Patthaṭattā <span class="bld">pathavī</span>. Appeti, āpīyati, appāyatīti vā <span class="bld">āpo</span>. Tejayatīti <span class="bld">tejo</span>. Vāyatīti <span class="bld">vāyo</span>. Na kassati na nikassati, kasituṃ chindituṃ bhindituṃ vā na sakkāti <span class="bld">ākāso</span>. Nissattaṭṭhena <span class="bld">dhātu</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pathavīkasiṇā</span>dīni dasa vissajjanāni kasiṇabhāvanāvasena niddiṭṭhāni. <span class="bld">Kasiṇa</span>nti sakalapharaṇavasena kasiṇamaṇḍalampi tasmiṃ upaṭṭhitanimittampi tadārammaṇaṃ jhānampi vuccati. Idha pana jhānaṃ adhippetaṃ. Ādimhi cattāri mahābhūtakasiṇārammaṇāni jhānāni, tato parāni cattāri vaṇṇakasiṇārammaṇāni. <span class="bld">Ākāsakasiṇa</span>nti paricchedākāso, tadārammaṇañca jhānaṃ, kasiṇugghāṭimākāso, tadārammaṇañca ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ. <span class="bld">Viññāṇakasiṇa</span>nti ākāsānañcāyatanaviññāṇaṃ, tadārammaṇañca viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kesā</span>dīni dvattiṃsa vissajjanāni dvattiṃsākārakammaṭṭhānavasena niddiṭṭhāni. Tesu pana kesādīsu paṭikūlato upaṭṭhitesu kāyagatāsativasena asubhakammaṭṭhānaṃ <a name="M1.0076"></a> hoti, vaṇṇato upaṭṭhitesu kasiṇakammaṭṭhānaṃ hoti, dhātuto upaṭṭhitesu catudhātuvavatthānakammaṭṭhānaṃ hoti, kesātiādīni ca paṭikūlato vaṇṇato vā upaṭṭhitānaṃ tadārammaṇāni jhānāni, dhātuto upaṭṭhitassa te ca koṭṭhāsā tadārammaṇā ca dhātubhāvanā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kesā</span> ubhosu passesu kaṇṇacūḷikāhi purato nalāṭantena, pacchato ca galavāṭakena paricchinnā sīsakaṭāhaveṭhanacamme vīhaggamattaṃ pavisitvā ṭhitā anekasatasahassasaṅkhā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Lomā</span> ṭhapetvā kesādīnaṃ patiṭṭhitokāsaṃ hatthatalapādatalāni ca yebhuyyena sarīracamme navanavutiyā lomakūpasahassesu likkhāmattaṃ pavisitvā ṭhitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nakhā</span> aṅgulīnaṃ aggapiṭṭhesu ṭhitā vīsati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dantā</span> dvīsu haṇukaṭṭhikesu ṭhitā yebhuyyena dvattiṃsa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Taco</span> <a name="V1.0070"></a> sakalasarīraṃ pariyonandhitvā pākaṭakilomakassa upari chaviyā heṭṭhā ṭhitaṃ cammaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Maṃsaṃ</span> sādhikāni <a name="P1.0081"></a> tīṇi aṭṭhisatāni anulimpitvā ṭhitāni navamaṃsapesisatāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nhārū</span> sakalasarīre aṭṭhīni ābandhitvā ṭhitāni nava nhārusatāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aṭṭhī</span> sakalasarīre heṭṭhā aṭṭhīnaṃ upari ṭhitāni sādhikāni tīṇi aṭṭhisatāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aṭṭhimiñjā</span> tesaṃ tesaṃ aṭṭhīnaṃ abbhantare ṭhitā miñjā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vakkaṃ</span> galavāṭakā nikkhantena ekamūlena thokaṃ gantvā dvidhā bhinnena thūlanhārunā vinibaddhā hutvā hadayamaṃsaṃ parikkhipitvā ṭhitā dve maṃsapiṇḍikā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Hadayaṃ</span> sarīrabbhantare dvinnaṃ thanānaṃ majjhe ṭhitaṃ anto cittasannissayaṃ aḍḍhapasatamattalohitapuṇṇaṃ punnāgaṭṭhipatiṭṭhānamattāvāṭakaṃ hadayamaṃsaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yakanaṃ</span> dvinnaṃ thanānaṃ abbhantare dakkhiṇapassaṃ nissāya ṭhitaṃ yamakamaṃsapaṭalaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kilomakaṃ</span> hadayavakkāni paṭicchādetvā ṭhitaṃ paṭicchannakilomakasaṅkhātañca sakalasarīre cammassa heṭṭhato maṃsaṃ pariyonandhitvā ṭhitaṃ appaṭicchannakilomakasaṅkhātañcāti duvidhaṃ pariyonahanamaṃsaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pihakaṃ</span> hadayassa vāmapasse udarapaṭalassa matthakapassaṃ nissāya ṭhitaṃ udarajivhāmaṃsaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Papphāsaṃ</span> sarīrabbhantare dvinnaṃ thanānaṃ antare hadayayakanānaṃ upari chādetvā olambantaṃ ṭhitaṃ dvattiṃsamaṃsakhaṇḍappabhedaṃ papphāsamaṃsaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Antaṃ</span> <a name="M1.0077"></a> upari galavāṭake heṭṭhā karīsamagge vinibandhattā galavāṭakakarīsamaggapariyante sarīrabbhantare ṭhitā purisassa dvattiṃsahatthā itthiyā aṭṭhavīsatihatthā ekavīsatiyā ṭhānesu obhaggā antavaṭṭi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Antaguṇaṃ</span> <a name="V1.0071"></a> antabhoge ekato agalante ābandhitvā ekavīsatiyā antabhogānaṃ antarā ṭhitaṃ bandhanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Udariyaṃ</span> dantamusalasañcuṇṇitaṃ jivhāhatthaparivattitaṃ kheḷalālāpalibuddhaṃ taṃkhaṇavigatavaṇṇagandharasādisampadaṃ tantavāyakhalisuvānavamathusadisaṃ nipatitvā pittasemhavātapaliveṭhitaṃ <a name="P1.0082"></a> hutvā udaraggisantāpavegakuthitaṃ kimikulākulaṃ uparūpari pheṇabubbuḷakāni muñcantaṃ paramakasambukaduggandhajegucchabhāvaṃ āpajjitvā āmāsayasaṅkhāte uparinābhiantapaṭale ṭhitaṃ nānappakārakaṃ asitapītakhāyitasāyitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Karīsaṃ</span> pakkāsayasaṅkhāte heṭṭhā nābhipiṭṭhikaṇṭakamūlānaṃ antare ubbedhena aṭṭhaṅgulamatte antāvasāne ṭhitaṃ vaccaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pittaṃ</span> hadayamaṃsapapphāsānaṃ antare yakanamaṃsaṃ nissāya ṭhitaṃ mahākosātakīkosakasadise pittakosake ṭhitaṃ baddhapittasaṅkhātañca, kesalomanakhadantānaṃ maṃsavinimuttaṭṭhānañceva thaddhasukkhacammañca ṭhapetvā avasesaṃ sarīraṃ byāpetvā ṭhitaṃ abaddhapittasaṅkhātañcāti duvidhaṃ pittaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Semhaṃ</span> udarapaṭale ṭhitaṃ ekapatthapūrappamāṇaṃ semhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pubbo</span> khāṇukaṇṭakapaharaṇaggijālādīhi abhihate vā sarīrappadese abbhantaradhātukkhobhavasena vā uppannesu gaṇḍapīḷakādīsu paripakkalohitapariṇāmo. <span class="bld">Lohitaṃ</span> yakanassa heṭṭhābhāgaṃ pūretvā hadayavakkapapphāsānaṃ upari thokaṃ thokaṃ paggharantaṃ vakkahadayayakanapapphāse temayamānaṃ ṭhitaṃ ekapatthapūramattaṃ sannicitalohitasaṅkhātañca, kesalomanakhadantānaṃ maṃsavinimuttaṭṭhānañceva thaddhasukkhacammañca ṭhapetvā dhamanijālānusārena sabbaṃ upādiṇṇasarīraṃ pharitvā ṭhitaṃ saṃsaraṇalohitasaṅkhātañcāti duvidhaṃ lohitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sedo</span> aggisantāpasūriyasantāpautuvikārādīhi santatte sarīre sabbakesalomakūpavivarehi paggharaṇakaāpodhātu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Medo</span> thūlassa sakalasarīre cammamaṃsantare kisassa jaṅghamaṃsādīni nissāya ṭhito thinasineho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Assu</span> <a name="V1.0072"></a> somanassadomanassavisabhāgāhārautūhi samuṭṭhahitvā akkhikūpake pūretvā tiṭṭhantī vā paggharantī vā āpodhātu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vasā</span> <a name="M1.0078"></a> aggisantāpasūriyasantāpautuvisabhāgehi usmājātesu yebhuyyena hatthatalahatthapiṭṭhipādatalapādapiṭṭhināsāpuṭanalāṭaaṃsakūṭesu ṭhito vilīnasineho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kheḷo</span> <a name="P1.0083"></a> tathārūpaṃ āhāraṃ passantassa vā sarantassa vā mukhe vā ṭhapentassa hadayaṃ vā ākilāyantassa kismiñcideva vā jigucchaṃ uppādentassa bhiyyo uppajjitvā ubhohi kapolapassehi oruyha jivhāya tiṭṭhamānā pheṇamissā āpodhātu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Siṅghāṇikā</span> visabhāgāhārautuvasena sañjātadhātukkhobhassa vā rodantassa vā antosīse matthaluṅgato galitvā tālumatthakavivarena otaritvā nāsāpuṭe pūretvā tiṭṭhantaṃ vā paggharantaṃ vā pūti asuci picchilaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Lasikā</span> aṭṭhisandhīnaṃ abbhañjanakiccaṃ sādhayamānaṃ asītisatasandhīnaṃ abbhantare ṭhitaṃ picchilakuṇapaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Muttaṃ</span> āhārautuvasena vatthipuṭabbhantare ṭhitā āpodhātu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Matthaluṅgaṃ</span> sīsakaṭāhabbhantare cattāro sibbinimagge nissāya ṭhito catupiṇḍasamodhāno miñjarāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cakkhāyatanā</span>dīni dvādasa vissajjanāni dvādasāyatanavasena niddiṭṭhāni. Āyatanato, āyānaṃ tananato, āyatassa ca nayanato āyatanaṃ. Cakkhurūpādīsu hi taṃtaṃdvārārammaṇā cittacetasikā dhammā sena sena anubhavanādinā kiccena āyatanti uṭṭhahanti ghaṭanti, vāyamantīti vuttaṃ hoti. Te ca pana āyabhūte dhamme etāni tanonti, vitthārentīti vuttaṃ hoti. Idañca anamatagge saṃsāre pavattaṃ atīva āyataṃ saṃsāradukkhaṃ yāva na nivattati, tāva nayanti, pavattayantīti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica nivāsaṭṭhānaṭṭhena ākaraṭṭhena samosaraṇaṭṭhānaṭṭhena sañjātidesaṭṭhena kāraṇaṭṭhena ca āyatanaṃ<a name="V1.0073"></a>. Tathā hi loke ‘‘issarāyatanaṃ vāsudevāyatana’’ntiādīsu nivāsaṭṭhānaṃ ‘‘āyatana’’nti vuccati. ‘‘Suvaṇṇāyatanaṃ rajatāyatana’’ntiādīsu ākaro. Sāsane pana ‘‘manorame āyatane, sevanti naṃ vihaṅgamā’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 5.38) samosaraṇaṭṭhānaṃ. ‘‘Dakkhiṇāpatho gunnaṃ āyatana’’ntiādīsu sañjātideso. ‘‘Tatra tatreva sakkhibhabbataṃ pāpuṇāti sati satiāyatane’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 3.102; 5.23) kāraṇaṃ. Cakkhuādīsu cāpi te te cittacetasikā dhammā nivasanti tadāyattavuttitāyāti cakkhādayo nesaṃ nivāsaṭṭhānaṃ<a name="M1.0079"></a>, cakkhādīsu ca te ākiṇṇā tannissayattā tadārammaṇattā cāti cakkhādayo ca nesaṃ ākaro, tattha tattha <a name="P1.0084"></a> vatthudvārārammaṇavasena samosaraṇato cakkhādayo ca nesaṃ samosaraṇaṭṭhānaṃ, taṃnissayārammaṇabhāvena tattheva uppattito cakkhādayo ca nesaṃ sañjātideso, cakkhādīnaṃ abhāve abhāvato cakkhādayo ca nesaṃ kāraṇanti yathāvuttenatthena cakkhu ca taṃ āyatanañcāti <span class="bld">cakkhāyatanaṃ</span>. Evaṃ sesānipi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cakkhudhātā</span>dīni aṭṭhārasa vissajjanāni aṭṭhārasadhātuvasena niddiṭṭhāni. Cakkhādīsu ekeko dhammo yathāsambhavaṃ vidahati, dhīyate, vidhānaṃ vidhīyate, etāya, ettha vā dhīyatīti <span class="bld">dhātu</span>. Lokiyā hi dhātuyo kāraṇabhāvena vavatthitā hutvā suvaṇṇarajatādidhātuyo viya suvaṇṇarajatādiṃ, anekappakāraṃ saṃsāradukkhaṃ vidahanti. Bhārahārehi ca bhāro viya sattehi dhīyante, dhārīyantīti attho. Dukkhavidhānamattameva cetā avasavattanato. Etāhi ca karaṇabhūtāhi saṃsāradukkhaṃ sattehi anuvidhīyati. Tathāvihitañcetaṃ etāsveva dhīyati, ṭhapīyatīti attho. Apica yathā titthiyānaṃ attā nāma sabhāvato natthi, na evametā. Etā pana attano sabhāvaṃ dhārentīti dhātuyo. Yathā ca loke vicittā haritālamanosilādayo selāvayavā dhātuyoti vuccanti, evametāpi dhātuyo viyāti dhātuyo. Vicittā hetā ñāṇaneyyāvayavāti. Yathā vā sarīrasaṅkhātassa samudāyassa avayavabhūtesu rasasoṇitādīsu aññamaññavisabhāgalakkhaṇaparicchinnesu dhātusamaññā, evamevetesupi pañcakkhandhasaṅkhātassa attabhāvassa avayavesu dhātusamaññā veditabbā. Aññamaññavisabhāgalakkhaṇaparicchinnā hete cakkhādayoti. Apica <span class="bld">dhātū</span>ti nijjīvamattassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Tathā hi bhagavā ‘‘chadhāturo ayaṃ bhikkhu puriso’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 3.343-344) jīvasaññāsamūhananatthaṃ dhātudesanaṃ akāsīti. Yathāvuttenatthena cakkhu ca taṃ dhātu cāti <span class="bld">cakkhudhātu</span>. Evaṃ sesāpi. <span class="bld">Manodhātū</span>ti ca tisso manodhātuyo. <span class="bld">Dhammadhātū</span>ti vedanāsaññāsaṅkhārakkhandhā soḷasa sukhumarūpāni nibbānañca. <span class="bld">Manoviññāṇadhātū</span>ti chasattati manoviññāṇadhātuyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cakkhundriyā</span>dīni <a name="M1.0080"></a><a name="V1.0074"></a> bāvīsati vissajjanāni bāvīsatindriyavasena niddiṭṭhāni. Cakkhumeva dassanalakkhaṇe indaṭṭhaṃ <a name="P1.0085"></a> kāretīti <span class="bld">cakkhundriyaṃ</span>. Sotameva savanalakkhaṇe indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti <span class="bld">sotindriyaṃ</span>. Ghānameva ghāyanalakkhaṇe indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti <span class="bld">ghānindriyaṃ</span>. Jivhā eva sāyanalakkhaṇe indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti <span class="bld">jivhindriyaṃ</span>. Kāyo eva phusanalakkhaṇe indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti <span class="bld">kāyindriyaṃ</span>. Manate iti mano, vijānātīti attho. Aṭṭhakathācariyā panāhu – nāliyā minamāno viya mahātulāya dhārayamāno viya ca ārammaṇaṃ manati jānātīti mano, tadeva mananalakkhaṇe indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti <span class="bld">manindriyaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Jīvanti tena taṃsahajātā dhammāti jīvitaṃ, tadeva anupālanalakkhaṇe indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti <span class="bld">jīvitindriyaṃ</span>. Taṃ rūpajīvitindriyaṃ arūpajīvitindriyanti duvidhaṃ. Sabbakammajarūpasahajaṃ sahajarūpānupālanaṃ rūpajīvitindriyaṃ, sabbacittasahajaṃ sahajaarūpānupālanaṃ arūpajīvitindriyaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Thīyati saṅghātaṃ gacchati etissā gabbhoti itthī, itthiliṅgādīsu indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti indriyaṃ, niyamato itthiyā eva indriyaṃ <span class="bld">itthindriyaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Puṃ-vuccati nirayo, puṃ saṅkhāte niraye risīyati hiṃsīyatīti puriso, purisaliṅgādīsu indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti indriyaṃ, niyamato purisasseva indriyaṃ <span class="bld">purisindriyaṃ</span>. Dvīsupetesu ekekaṃ sabhāvakassa ekekassa kammajarūpasahajaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kusalavipākakāyaviññāṇasampayuttaṃ sukhaṃ, kāyikasātalakkhaṇe indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti indriyaṃ, sukhameva indriyaṃ <span class="bld">sukhindriyaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Akusalavipākakāyaviññāṇasampayuttaṃ dukkhaṃ, kāyikaasātalakkhaṇe indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti indriyaṃ, dukkhameva indriyaṃ <span class="bld">dukkhindriyaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pītisomanassayogato sobhanaṃ mano assāti sumano, sumanassa bhāvo somanassaṃ, cetasikasātalakkhaṇe indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti indriyaṃ, somanassameva indriyaṃ <span class="bld">somanassindriyaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Domanassayogato duṭṭhu mano assāti, hīnavedanattā vā kucchitaṃ mano assāti dummano, dummanassa bhāvo domanassaṃ, cetasikaasātalakkhaṇe indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti indriyaṃ, domanassameva <a name="V1.0075"></a> indriyaṃ <span class="bld">domanassindriyaṃ</span>. Sukhadukkhākārapavattiṃ upekkhati majjhattākārasaṇṭhitattā tenākārena pavattatīti upekkhā, majjhattalakkhaṇe <a name="P1.0086"></a> indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti indriyaṃ, upekkhā eva indriyaṃ <span class="bld">upekkhindriyaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Saddahanti <a name="M1.0081"></a> etāya, sayaṃ vā saddahati, saddahanamattameva vā esāti saddhā, assaddhiyassa abhibhavanato adhipatiatthena indriyaṃ, adhimokkhalakkhaṇe vā indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti indriyaṃ, saddhāyeva indriyaṃ <span class="bld">saddhindriyaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vīrabhāvo vīriyaṃ, vīrānaṃ vā kammaṃ, vidhinā vā nayena īrayitabbaṃ pavattayitabbanti vīriyaṃ, kosajjassa abhibhavanato adhipatiatthena indriyaṃ, paggahaṇalakkhaṇe vā indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti indriyaṃ, vīriyameva indriyaṃ <span class="bld">vīriyindriyaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Saranti tāya, sayaṃ vā sarati, saraṇamattameva vā esāti sati, muṭṭhasaccassa abhibhavanato adhipatiatthena indriyaṃ, upaṭṭhānalakkhaṇe vā indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti indriyaṃ, sati eva indriyaṃ <span class="bld">satindriyaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ārammaṇe cittaṃ sammā ādhiyati ṭhapetīti samādhi, vikkhepassa abhibhavanato adhipatiatthena indriyaṃ, avikkhepalakkhaṇe vā indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti indriyaṃ, samādhi eva indriyaṃ <span class="bld">samādhindriyaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Idaṃ dukkha’’ntiādinā nayena ariyasaccāni pajānātīti paññā. Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ pana ‘‘aniccaṃ dukkhamanattāti paññāpanavasena paññā’’ti vuttaṃ. Avijjāya abhibhavanato adhipatiatthena indriyaṃ, dassanalakkhaṇe vā indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti indriyaṃ, paññā eva indriyaṃ <span class="bld">paññindriyaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Anamatagge saṃsāravaṭṭe anaññātaṃ amataṃ padaṃ catusaccadhammameva vā jānissāmīti paṭipannassa uppajjanato indriyaṭṭhasambhavato ca <span class="bld">anaññātaññassāmītindriyaṃ</span>. Sotāpattimaggañāṇassetaṃ nāmaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paṭhamamaggena ñātaṃ mariyādaṃ anatikkamitvā tesaṃyeva tena maggena ñātānaṃ catusaccadhammānameva <a name="V1.0076"></a> jānanato indriyaṭṭhasambhavato ca ājānanakaṃ indriyaṃ <span class="bld">aññindriyaṃ</span>. Sotāpattiphalādīsu chasu ṭhānesu ñāṇassetaṃ nāmaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aññātāvino catusaccesu niṭṭhitañāṇakiccassa khīṇāsavassa uppajjanato indriyaṭṭhasambhavato ca <span class="bld">aññātāvindriyaṃ,</span> aññātāvīnaṃ vā catūsu saccesu niṭṭhitakiccānaṃ cattāri saccāni paṭivijjhitvā ṭhitānaṃ dhammānaṃ abbhantare indaṭṭhasādhanena aññātāvindriyaṃ. Arahattaphalañāṇassetaṃ nāmaṃ. Sabbānipetāni <a name="P1.0087"></a> yathāyogaṃ indaliṅgaṭṭhena indadesitaṭṭhena indadiṭṭhaṭṭhena indasiṭṭhaṭṭhena indajuṭṭhaṭṭhena ca indriyāni. Bhagavā hi sammāsambuddho paramissariyabhāvato indo, kusalākusalañca kammaṃ kammesu kassaci issariyābhāvato. Tenevettha kammajanitāni indriyāni kusalākusalakammaṃ ulliṅgenti<a name="M1.0082"></a>, tena ca siṭṭhānīti indaliṅgaṭṭhena indasiṭṭhaṭṭhena ca indriyāni. Sabbāneva panetāni bhagavatā munindena yathābhūtato pakāsitāni abhisambuddhāni cāti indadesitaṭṭhena indadiṭṭhaṭṭhena ca indriyāni. Teneva ca bhagavatā munindena kānici gocarāsevanāya, kānici bhāvanāsevanāya sevitānīti indajuṭṭhaṭṭhenapi indriyāni. Api ca ādhipaccasaṅkhātena issariyaṭṭhenapi etāni indriyāni. Cakkhuviññāṇādipavattiyañhi cakkhādīnaṃ siddhamādhipaccaṃ tasmiṃ tikkhe tikkhattā mande ca mandattāti.</p>
<p class="hangnum"><a name="para5"></a><span class="paranum">5</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"> <span class="bld">Kāmadhātu</span>ādīni dvādasa vissajjanāni bhavappabhedavasena niddiṭṭhāni. Kāmarāgasaṅkhātena kāmena yuttā dhātu <span class="bld">kāmadhātu,</span> kāmasaṅkhātā vā dhātu kāmadhātu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāmaṃ pahāya rūpena yuttā dhātu <span class="bld">rūpadhātu,</span> rūpasaṅkhātā vā dhātu rūpadhātu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāmañca rūpañca pahāya arūpena yuttā dhātu <span class="bld">arūpadhātu,</span> arūpasaṅkhātā vā dhātu arūpadhātu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tā eva dhātuyo puna bhavapariyāyena vuttā. Bhavatīti hi bhavoti vuccati. Saññāya yutto bhavo <span class="bld">saññābhavo,</span> saññāsahagato vā bhavo saññābhavo, saññā vā ettha bhave atthīti saññābhavo. So kāmabhavo ca asaññābhavamutto rūpabhavo ca nevasaññānāsaññābhavamutto arūpabhavo ca hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Na saññābhavo <span class="bld">asaññābhavo,</span> so rūpabhavekadeso.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Oḷārikattābhāvato <a name="V1.0077"></a> nevasaññā, sukhumattena sambhavato nāsaññāti nevasaññānāsaññā, tāya yutto bhavo <span class="bld">nevasaññānāsaññābhavo.</span> Atha vā oḷārikāya saññāya abhāvā, sukhumāya ca bhāvā nevasaññānāsaññā asmiṃ bhaveti nevasaññānāsaññābhavo, so arūpabhavekadeso.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ekena rūpakkhandhena vokiṇṇo bhavo ekena vokāro assa bhavassāti <span class="bld">ekavokārabhavo,</span> so asaññabhavova.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Catūhi arūpakkhandhehi vokiṇṇo bhavo catūhi vokāro assa bhavassāti <span class="bld">catuvokārabhavo</span><a name="P1.0088"></a>, so arūpabhavo eva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pañcahi khandhehi vokiṇṇo bhavo pañcahi vokāro assa bhavassāti <span class="bld">pañcavokārabhavo,</span> so kāmabhavo ca rūpabhavekadeso ca hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para6"></a><span class="paranum">6</span>. <span class="bld">Paṭhamajjhānā</span>dīni dvādasa vissajjanāni jhānasamāpattivasena niddiṭṭhāni. <span class="bld">Jhāna</span>nti idha brahmavihāramattaṃ adhippetaṃ. Vitakkavicārapītisukhacittekaggatāsampayuttaṃ <span class="bld">paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ</span>. Pītisukhacittekaggatāsampayuttaṃ <span class="bld">dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ</span>. Sukhacittekaggatāsampayuttaṃ <a name="M1.0083"></a> <span class="bld">tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ</span>. Upekkhācittekaggatāsampayuttaṃ <span class="bld">catutthaṃ jhānaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Medati mejjatīti mettā, siniyhatīti attho. Mitte vā bhavā, mittassa vā esā pavattīti mettā, paccanīkadhammehi muttattā ārammaṇe cādhimuttattā vimutti, cetaso vimutti cetovimutti, mettā eva cetovimutti <span class="bld">mettācetovimutti</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Karuṇā vuttatthā eva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Modanti tāya taṃsamaṅgino, sayaṃ vā modati, modanamattameva vā tanti <span class="bld">muditā</span>. ‘‘Averā hontū’’tiādibyāpārappahānena majjhattabhāvūpagamanena ca upekkhatīti <span class="bld">upekkhā</span>. Mettādayo tayo brahmavihārā paṭhamādīhi tīhi jhānehi yuttā. Upekkhābrahmavihāro catutthajjhānena yutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pharaṇavasena natthi etassa antoti ananto. Ākāso ananto ākāsānanto, kasiṇugghāṭimākāso<a name="V1.0078"></a>. Ākāsānantoyeva ākāsānañcaṃ, taṃ ākāsānañcaṃ adhiṭṭhānaṭṭhena āyatanamassa sasampayuttadhammassa jhānassa ‘‘devānaṃ devāyatanamivā’’ti ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ. Ākāsānañcāyatanameva samāpatti <span class="bld">ākāsānañcāyatanasamāpatti</span>. Pharaṇavasena ca natthi etassa antoti anantaṃ, taṃ ākāsārammaṇaṃ viññāṇaṃ. Anantameva ānañcaṃ, viññāṇaṃ ānañcaṃ ‘‘viññāṇānañca’’nti avatvā ‘‘viññāṇañca’’nti vuttaṃ. Ayañhettha ruḷhisaddo. Taṃ viññāṇañcaṃ adhiṭṭhānaṭṭhena āyatanamassa sasampayuttadhammassa jhānassa ‘‘devānaṃ devāyatanamivā’’ti <span class="bld">viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ</span>. Natthi etassa kiñcananti akiñcanaṃ, antamaso bhaṅgamattampi assa avasiṭṭhaṃ natthīti vuttaṃ hoti. Akiñcanassa bhāvo ākiñcaññaṃ. Ākāsānañcāyatanaviññāṇābhāvassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Taṃ ākiñcaññaṃ. Adhiṭṭhānaṭṭhena āyatanamassa sasampayuttadhammassa <a name="P1.0089"></a> jhānassa ‘‘devānaṃ devāyatanamivā’’ti <span class="bld">ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ</span>. Oḷārikāya saññāya abhāvato, sukhumāya ca bhāvato nevassa sasampayuttadhammassa jhānassa saññā nāsaññāti nevasaññānāsaññaṃ. Nevasaññānāsaññañca taṃ manāyatanadhammāyatanapariyāpannattā āyatanañcāti <span class="bld">nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ</span>. Atha vā yāyamettha saññā sā paṭusaññākiccaṃ kātuṃ asamatthatāya nevasaññā, saṅkhārāvasesasukhumabhāvena vijjamānattā nāsaññāti nevasaññānāsaññā, nevasaññānāsaññā ca sā sesadhammānaṃ adhiṭṭhānaṭṭhena āyatanañcāti nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ. Ākiñcaññāyatanārammaṇāya samāpattiyā etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Na kevalaṃ ettha saññā <a name="M1.0084"></a> edisī, atha kho vedanāpi nevavedanā nāvedanā. Cittampi nevacittaṃ nācittaṃ. Phassopi nevaphasso nāphasso. Esa nayo sesasampayuttadhammesu. Saññāsīsena panāyaṃ desanā katāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Avijjā</span>dīni dvādasa vissajjanāni paṭiccasamuppādaṅgavasena niddiṭṭhāni. Pūretuṃ ayuttaṭṭhena kāyaduccaritādi avindiyaṃ nāma, aladdhabbanti attho. Taṃ avindiyaṃ vindatīti <span class="bld">avijjā</span>. Tabbiparītato kāyasucaritādi vindiyaṃ nāma, taṃ vindiyaṃ na vindatīti avijjā. Khandhānaṃ rāsaṭṭhaṃ, āyatanānaṃ āyatanaṭṭhaṃ, dhātūnaṃ suññaṭṭhaṃ, indriyānaṃ adhipatiyaṭṭhaṃ, saccānaṃ tathaṭṭhaṃ aviditaṃ karotīti avijjā. Dukkhādīnaṃ pīḷanādivasena vuttaṃ catubbidhaṃ catubbidhaṃ atthaṃ aviditaṃ karotītipi avijjā, antavirahite saṃsāre sabbayonigatibhavaviññāṇaṭṭhitisattāvāsesu satte javāpetīti avijjā, paramatthato avijjamānesu itthipurisādīsu javati, vijjamānesupi khandhādīsu na javatīti avijjā, api ca cakkhuviññāṇādīnaṃ vatthārammaṇānaṃ paṭiccasamuppādapaṭiccasamuppannānañca dhammānaṃ chādanatopi avijjā. Saṅkhatamabhisaṅkharontīti <span class="bld">saṅkhārā</span>. Vijānātīti <span class="bld">viññāṇaṃ</span>. Namatīti <span class="bld">nāmaṃ,</span> nāmayatīti vā nāmaṃ. Ruppatīti <span class="bld">rūpaṃ</span>. Āye tanoti<a name="V1.0079"></a>, āyatañca nayatīti <span class="bld">āyatanaṃ</span>. Phusatīti <span class="bld">phasso</span>. Vedayatīti <span class="bld">vedanā</span>. Paritassatīti <span class="bld">taṇhā</span>. Upādiyati bhusaṃ gaṇhātīti <span class="bld">upādānaṃ</span>. Bhavati, bhāvayatīti vā <span class="bld">bhavo</span>. Jananaṃ <span class="bld">jāti</span>. Jīraṇaṃ <a name="P1.0090"></a> <span class="bld">jarā</span>. Maranti etenāti <span class="bld">maraṇaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para7"></a><span class="paranum">7</span>. <span class="bld">Dukkhā</span>dīni aṭṭhasatāni aṭṭha ca vissajjanāni catusaccayojanāvasena niddiṭṭhāni. ‘‘Dukkhaṃ abhiññeyya’’ntiādīsu hi channaṃ catukkānaṃ vasena catuvīsati vissajjanāni ‘‘cakkhu jarāmaraṇa’’nti peyyāle ‘‘cakkhu abhiññeyyaṃ sotaṃ abhiññeyya’’ntiādinā ‘‘jāti abhiññeyyā’’ti pariyosānena pañcanavutādhikena vissajjanasatena yojetvā vuttāni. Pañcanavutādhikaṃ catukkasataṃ hoti, tesaṃ catukkānaṃ vasena asītiadhikāni satta vissajjanasatāni. ‘‘Jarāmaraṇaṃ abhiññeyya’’ntiādike catukke ‘‘cattāri vissajjanānī’’ti evaṃ sabbāni aṭṭha ca satāni aṭṭha ca vissajjanāni honti. Ettha ca tassa tassa dhammassa padhānabhūto paccayo samudayoti veditabbo. Sabbasaṅkhārehi suññaṃ nibbānaṃ nirodhoti veditabbaṃ. Anaññātaññassāmītindriyādīnaṃ tiṇṇampi hi lokuttarindriyānaṃ ettha abhāvaṃ sandhāya anaññātaññassāmītindriyanirodhotiādi yujjati<a name="M1.0085"></a>. Nirodhagāminipaṭipadāti ca sabbattha ariyamaggo eva. Evañhi vuccamāne phalepi maggavohārasambhavato aññindriyaaññātāvindriyānampi yujjati. Puna dukkhādīnaṃ pariññaṭṭhādivasena aṭṭhasatāni aṭṭha ca vissajjanāni niddiṭṭhāni, puna dukkhādīnaṃ pariññāpaṭivedhaṭṭhādivasena aṭṭhasatāni aṭṭha ca vissajjanāni niddiṭṭhāni. Pariññā ca sā paṭivijjhitabbaṭṭhena paṭivedho cāti pariññāpaṭivedho. Pariññāpaṭivedhova attho <span class="bld">pariññāpaṭivedhaṭṭho</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para8"></a><span class="paranum">8</span>. Puna tāneva dukkhādīni jarāmaraṇapariyantāni dviadhikāni dve padasatāni samudayādīhi sattahi sattahi padehi yojetvā dviadhikānaṃ dvinnaṃ aṭṭhakasatānaṃ vasena sahassañca cha ca satāni soḷasa ca vissajjanāni niddiṭṭhāni. Tattha padhānabhūto paccayo samudayo, tassa nirodho <span class="bld">samudayanirodho</span>. Chando eva rāgo chandarāgo, dukkhe sukhasaññāya dukkhassa chandarāgo, tassa nirodho <span class="bld">chandarāganirodho</span>. Dukkhaṃ paṭicca uppajjamānaṃ sukhaṃ somanassaṃ <span class="bld">dukkhassa assādo</span>. Dukkhassa aniccatā dukkhassa vipariṇāmadhammatā <span class="bld">dukkhassa ādīnavo</span>. Dukkhe chandarāgavinayo chandarāgappahānaṃ <span class="bld">dukkhassa nissaraṇaṃ</span>. ‘‘Yaṃ kho pana kiñci bhūtaṃ saṅkhataṃ paṭiccasamuppannaṃ nirodho tassa nissaraṇa’’nti <a name="P1.0091"></a> (paṭi. ma. 1.24) vacanato nibbānameva dukkhassa nissaraṇaṃ. ‘‘Dukkhanirodho samudayanirodho chandarāganirodho dukkhassa nissaraṇa’’nti nānāsaṅkhatapaṭipakkhavasena nānāpariyāyavacanehi catūsu ṭhānesu nibbānameva vuttanti <a name="V1.0080"></a> veditabbaṃ. Keci pana ‘‘āhārasamudayā dukkhasamudayo āhāranirodhā dukkhanirodho sarasavasena samudayanirodho, atha vā udayabbayadassanena samudayanirodho saha vipassanāya maggo chandarāganirodho’’ti vadanti. Evañca vuccamāne lokuttarindriyānaṃ avipassanūpagattā na sabbasādhāraṇaṃ hotīti paṭhamaṃ vuttanayova gahetabbo. Lokuttarindriyesu hi chandarāgābhāvatoyeva chandarāganirodhoti yujjati. Sarīre chandarāgeneva sarīrekadesesu kesādīsupi chandarāgo katova hoti, jarāmaraṇavantesu chandarāgeneva jarāmaraṇesupi chandarāgo katova hoti. Evaṃ assādādīnavāpi yojetabbā. Puna dukkhādīni jarāmaraṇapariyantāni dviadhikāni dve padasatāni samudayādīhi chahi chahi <a name="M1.0086"></a> padehi yojetvā dviadhikānaṃ dvinnaṃ sattakasatānaṃ vasena nayasahassañca cattāri ca satāni cuddasa ca vissajjanāni niddiṭṭhāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para9"></a><span class="paranum">9</span>. Idāni rūpādīni jarāmaraṇapariyantāni ekādhikāni dve padasatāni sattahi anupassanāhi yojetvā niddisituṃ paṭhamaṃ tāva aniccānupassanādayo satta anupassanā niddiṭṭhā. Tāni sabbāni sattahi suddhikaanupassanāvissajjanehi saddhiṃ sahassañca cattāri ca satāni cuddasa ca vissajjanāni honti. Aniccanti anupassanā <span class="bld">aniccānupassanā</span>. Sā niccasaññāpaṭipakkhā. Dukkhanti anupassanā <span class="bld">dukkhānupassanā</span>. Sā sukhasaññāpaṭipakkhā. Anattāti anupassanā <span class="bld">anattānupassanā</span>. Sā attasaññāpaṭipakkhā. Tissannaṃ anupassanānaṃ paripūrattā nibbindatīti nibbidā, nibbidā ca sā anupassanā cāti <span class="bld">nibbidānupassanā</span>. Sā nandipaṭipakkhā. Catassannaṃ anupassanānaṃ paripūrattā virajjatīti virāgo, virāgo ca so anupassanā cāti <span class="bld">virāgānupassanā</span>. Sā rāgapaṭipakkhā. Pañcannaṃ anupassanānaṃ paripūrattā rāgaṃ nirodhetīti nirodho, nirodho ca so anupassanā cāti <span class="bld">nirodhānupassanā</span>. Sā samudayapaṭipakkhā. Channaṃ anupassanānaṃ paripūrattā paṭinissajjatīti <a name="P1.0092"></a> paṭinissaggo, paṭinissaggo ca so anupassanā cāti <span class="bld">paṭinissaggānupassanā</span>. Sā ādānapaṭipakkhā. Lokuttarindriyānaṃ asatipi vipassanūpagatte ‘‘sabbe saṅkhārā aniccā, sabbe saṅkhārā dukkhā, sabbe dhammā anattā’’ti (dha. pa. 277-279; paṭi. ma. 1.31) vacanato tesampi aniccadukkhānattattā tattha niccasukhattasaññānaṃ nandiyā rāgassa ca abhāvā nirodhavantānīti anupassanato pariccāgapaṭinissaggapakkhandanapaṭinissaggasambhavato ca tehipi satta anupassanā yojitāti veditabbā. Jarāmaraṇavantesu aniccādito diṭṭhesu jarāmaraṇampi aniccādito diṭṭhaṃ nāma hoti, jarāmaraṇavantesu nibbindanto virajjanto jarāmaraṇe nibbinno ca viratto ca hoti, jarāmaraṇavantesu nirodhato diṭṭhesu jarāmaraṇampi nirodhato diṭṭhaṃ <a name="V1.0081"></a> nāma hoti, jarāmaraṇavantesu paṭinissajjanto jarāmaraṇaṃ paṭinissajjantova hotīti jarāmaraṇehi satta anupassanā yojitāti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para10"></a><span class="paranum">10</span>. Idāni ādīnavañāṇassa vatthubhūtānaṃ uppādādīnaṃ pañcannaṃ ārammaṇānaṃ vasena uppādādīni tesaṃ vevacanāni pañcadasa vissajjanāni niddiṭṭhāni, santipadañāṇassa <a name="M1.0087"></a> tappaṭipakkhārammaṇavasena anuppādādīni pañcadasa vissajjanāni niddiṭṭhāni, puna tāneva uppādānuppādādīni padāni yugaḷakavasena yojetvā tiṃsa vissajjanāni niddiṭṭhāni. Evaṃ imasmiṃ nayeva saṭṭhi vissajjanāni honti. Tattha <span class="bld">uppādo</span>ti purimakammapaccayā idha uppatti. <span class="bld">Pavatta</span>nti tathāuppannassa pavatti. <span class="bld">Nimitta</span>nti sabbampi saṅkhāranimittaṃ. Yogāvacarassa hi saṅkhārā sasaṇṭhānā viya upaṭṭhahanti, tasmā nimittanti vuccanti. <span class="bld">Āyūhanā</span>ti āyatiṃ paṭisandhihetubhūtaṃ kammaṃ. Tañhi abhisaṅkharaṇaṭṭhena āyūhanāti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭisandhī</span>ti āyatiṃ uppatti. Sā hi bhavantarapaṭisandhānato paṭisandhīti vuccati. <span class="bld">Gatī</span>ti yāya gatiyā sā paṭisandhi hoti. Sā hi gantabbato gatīti vuccati. <span class="bld">Nibbattī</span>ti khandhānaṃ nibbattanaṃ. <span class="bld">Upapattī</span>ti ‘‘samāpannassa vā upapannassa vā’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.72) evaṃ vuttā vipākapavatti. <span class="bld">Jātī</span>ti jananaṃ. Tattha tattha nibbattamānānaṃ sattānaṃ ye ye khandhā pātubhavanti, tesaṃ tesaṃ paṭhamaṃ <a name="P1.0093"></a> pātubhāvo. <span class="bld">Jarā</span>ti jīraṇaṃ. Sā duvidhā ṭhitaññathattalakkhaṇasaṅkhātaṃ saṅkhatalakkhaṇañca khaṇḍiccādisammato santatiyaṃ ekabhavapariyāpannakhandhānaṃ purāṇabhāvo ca. Sā idha adhippetā. <span class="bld">Byādhī</span>ti dhātukkhobhapaccayasamuṭṭhito pittasemhavātasannipātautuvipariṇāmavisamaparihāraupakkamakammavipākavasena aṭṭhavidho ābādho. Vividhaṃ dukkhaṃ ādahati vidahatīti byādhi, byādhayati tāpeti, kampayatīti vā byādhi. <span class="bld">Maraṇa</span>nti maranti etenāti maraṇaṃ. Taṃ duvidhaṃ vayalakkhaṇasaṅkhātaṃ saṅkhatalakkhaṇañca ekabhavapariyāpannajīvitindriyappabandhavicchedo ca. Taṃ idha adhippetaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Soko</span>ti socanaṃ. Ñātibhogarogasīladiṭṭhibyasanehi phuṭṭhassa cittasantāpo. <span class="bld">Paridevo</span>ti paridevanaṃ. Ñātibyasanādīhiyeva phuṭṭhassa vacīpalāpo. <span class="bld">Upāyāso</span>ti bhuso āyāso. Ñātibyasanādīhiyeva phuṭṭhassa adhimattacetodukkhappabhāvito dosoyeva. Ettha ca uppādādayo pañceva ādīnavañāṇassa vatthuvasena vuttā, sesā tesaṃ vevacanavasena. ‘‘Nibbattī’’ti hi uppādassa, ‘‘jātī’’ti paṭisandhiyā vevacanaṃ, ‘‘gati upapattī’’ti idaṃ dvayaṃ pavattassa, jarādayo nimittassāti. Anuppādādivacanehi pana nibbānameva vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Puna <a name="V1.0082"></a> tāneva uppādānuppādādīni saṭṭhi padāni dukkhasukhapadehi yojetvā saṭṭhi vissajjanāni, bhayakhemapadehi yojetvā saṭṭhi vissajjanāni, sāmisanirāmisapadehi <a name="M1.0088"></a> yojetvā saṭṭhi vissajjanāni, saṅkhāranibbānapadehi yojetvā saṭṭhi vissajjanāni niddiṭṭhāni. Tattha <span class="bld">dukkha</span>nti aniccattā dukkhaṃ. Dukkhapaṭipakkhato <span class="bld">sukhaṃ</span>. Yaṃ dukkhaṃ, taṃ <span class="bld">bhayaṃ</span>. Bhayapaṭipakkhato <span class="bld">khemaṃ</span>. Yaṃ bhayaṃ, taṃ vaṭṭāmisalokāmisehi avippamuttattā <span class="bld">sāmisaṃ</span>. Sāmisapaṭipakkhato <span class="bld">nirāmisaṃ</span>. Yaṃ sāmisaṃ, taṃ saṅkhāramattameva. Saṅkhārapaṭipakkhato santattā <span class="bld">nibbānaṃ</span>. Saṅkhārā hi ādittā, nibbānaṃ santanti. Dukkhākārena bhayākārena sāmisākārena saṅkhārākārenāti evaṃ tena tena ākārena pavattiṃ sandhāya tathā tathā vuttanti veditabbanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para11"></a><span class="paranum">11</span>. <span class="bld">Pariggahaṭṭhā</span>dīni ekatiṃsa vissajjanāni ariyamaggakkhaṇavasena niddiṭṭhāni. Ariyamaggasampayuttā hi dhammā <a name="P1.0094"></a> ādito pabhuti uppādanatthaṃ pariggayhante iti pariggahā, tesaṃ sabhāvo <span class="bld">pariggahaṭṭho</span>. Tesaṃyeva aññamaññaparivārabhāvena <span class="bld">parivāraṭṭho</span>. Bhāvanāpāripūrivasena <span class="bld">paripūraṭṭho</span>. Tesaṃyeva samādhivasena ekārammaṇapariggahamapekkhitvā <span class="bld">ekaggaṭṭho</span>. Nānārammaṇavikkhepābhāvamapekkhitvā <span class="bld">avikkhepaṭṭho</span>. Vīriyavasena <span class="bld">paggahaṭṭho</span>. Samādhivasena udakena nhānīyacuṇṇānaṃ viya avippakiṇṇatā <span class="bld">avisāraṭṭho</span>. Samādhiyogena alulitattā <span class="bld">anāvilaṭṭho</span>. Avikampitattā <span class="bld">aniñjanaṭṭho. Ekattupaṭṭhānavasenā</span>ti samādhiyogena ca ekārammaṇe bhusaṃ patiṭṭhānavasena ca. <span class="bld">Ṭhitaṭṭho</span>ti ārammaṇe niccalabhāvena patiṭṭhitaṭṭho. Tassa nibbānārammaṇassa ālambanabhāvena <span class="bld">ārammaṇaṭṭho</span>. Tattheva nikāmacārabhāvena <span class="bld">gocaraṭṭho</span>. Nissaraṇapahānabhāvena nibbānassa <span class="bld">pahānaṭṭho</span>. Kilesapariccāgavasena ariyamaggassa <span class="bld">pariccāgaṭṭho</span>. Dubhato vuṭṭhānavasena <span class="bld">vuṭṭhānaṭṭho</span>. Nimittapavattehi nivattanavasena <span class="bld">nivattanaṭṭho</span>. Nibbutattā <span class="bld">santaṭṭho</span>. Atappakattā uttamattā ca <span class="bld">paṇītaṭṭho</span>. Kilesehi vimuttattā, ārammaṇe ca adhimuttattā <span class="bld">vimuttaṭṭho</span>. Āsavānaṃ avisayabhāvena parisuddhattā <span class="bld">anāsavaṭṭho</span>. Kilesakantārasaṃsārakantārātikkamanena <span class="bld">taraṇaṭṭho</span>. Saṅkhāranimittābhāvena <span class="bld">animittaṭṭho</span>. Taṇhāpaṇidhiabhāvena <span class="bld">appaṇihitaṭṭho</span>. Attasārābhāvena <span class="bld">suññataṭṭho</span>. Vimuttirasena ekarasatāya, samathavipassanānaṃ ekarasatāya vā <span class="bld">ekarasaṭṭho</span>. Samathavipassanānaṃ aññamaññaṃ <span class="bld">anativattanaṭṭho</span>. Tesaṃyeva <span class="bld">yuganaddhaṭṭho</span>. Ariyamaggassa saṅkhārato niggamane <a name="M1.0089"></a> <span class="bld">niyyānaṭṭho</span>. Nibbānasampāpanena <span class="bld">hetuṭṭho</span>. Nibbānapaccakkhakaraṇena <span class="bld">dassanaṭṭho</span>. Adhipatibhāvena <span class="bld">ādhipateyyaṭṭho</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para12"></a><span class="paranum">12</span>. <span class="bld">Samathā</span>dīni cattāri vissajjanāni samathavipassanāvasena niddiṭṭhāni. Aniccādivasena anu anu passanato <span class="bld">anupassanaṭṭho</span>. Yuganaddhassa samathavipassanādvayassa ekarasabhāvena <a name="V1.0083"></a> <span class="bld">anativattanaṭṭho. Sikkhā</span>dīni nava vissajjanāni ariyamaggassa ādimajjhapariyosānavasena niddiṭṭhāni. Sikkhitabbattā <span class="bld">sikkhā</span><a name="P1.0095"></a>. Tassā samādātabbato <span class="bld">samādānaṭṭho</span>. Sīle patiṭṭhāya kammaṭṭhānavasena gahitassa ārammaṇassa bhāvanāpavattiṭṭhānattā gocaraṭṭhānattā ca <span class="bld">gocaraṭṭho</span>. Samathakāle vipassanākāle vā kosajjavasena līnassa cittassa dhammavicayavīriyapītisambojjhaṅgabhāvanāvasena ussāhanaṭṭho <span class="bld">paggahaṭṭho</span>. Uddhaccavasena uddhatassa cittassa passaddhisamādhiupekkhāsambojjhaṅgabhāvanāvasena sannisīdāpanaṭṭho <span class="bld">niggahaṭṭho. Ubho visuddhāna</span>nti ubhato visuddhānaṃ, līnuddhatapakkhato nivāretvā visuddhānaṃ cittānanti attho. Majjhimabhāve ṭhitānaṃ santativasena pavattamānānaṃ cittānaṃ vasena bahuvacanaṃ katanti veditabbaṃ. Ussāhanasannisīdāpanesu sabyāpārābhāvo <span class="bld">ajjhupekkhanaṭṭho</span>. Samappavattassa cittassa vasena bhāvanā <span class="bld">visesādhigamaṭṭho</span>. Ariyamaggapātubhāvavasena <span class="bld">uttaripaṭivedhaṭṭho</span>. Ariyamaggasiddhacatusaccapaṭivedhavasena <span class="bld">saccābhisamayaṭṭho</span>. Phalasamāpattivasena nirodhe <span class="bld">patiṭṭhāpakaṭṭho</span>. Sā hi taṃsamaṅgipuggalaṃ nirodhasaṅkhāte nibbāne patiṭṭhāpeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saddhindriyā</span>dīni pañca vissajjanāni indriyaṭṭhavasena vuttāni. <span class="bld">Adhimokkhaṭṭho</span>ti adhimuccanaṭṭho. <span class="bld">Upaṭṭhānaṭṭho</span>ti ārammaṇaṃ upecca patiṭṭhānaṭṭho. <span class="bld">Dassanaṭṭho</span>ti sabhāvapekkhanaṭṭho. <span class="bld">Saddhābalā</span>dīni pañca vissajjanāni balaṭṭhavasena niddiṭṭhāni. Akampiyaṭṭhena saddhāva balanti <span class="bld">saddhābalaṃ. Assaddhiye</span>ti assaddhiyena. <span class="bld">Assaddhiya</span>nti ca saddhāpaṭipakkhabhūto cittuppādo. <span class="bld">Akampiyaṭṭho</span>ti akampetabbaṭṭho, kampetuṃ na sakkāti attho. <span class="bld">Kosajje</span>ti kusītabhāvasaṅkhātena thinamiddhena. <span class="bld">Pamāde</span>ti satipaṭipakkhena cittuppādena. <span class="bld">Uddhacce</span>ti avūpasamasaṅkhātena uddhaccena. <span class="bld">Avijjāyā</span>ti mohena. <span class="bld">Satisambojjhaṅgā</span>dīni satta vissajjanāni bojjhaṅgaṭṭhavasena niddiṭṭhāni. Bujjhanakassa aṅgo <a name="M1.0090"></a> bojjhaṅgo. Pasattho sundaro ca bojjhaṅgo sambojjhaṅgo, satiyeva sambojjhaṅgo <span class="bld">satisambojjhaṅgo</span>. Dhamme vicinātīti dhammavicayo. Paññāyetaṃ nāmaṃ. <span class="bld">Pavicayaṭṭho</span>ti vicāraṭṭho. Pīnayatīti <span class="bld">pīti. Pharaṇaṭṭho</span>ti visaraṇaṭṭho. Passambhanaṃ <span class="bld">passaddhi</span><a name="P1.0096"></a>. <span class="bld">Upasamaṭṭho</span>ti niddarathaṭṭho. Upapattito ikkhatīti <span class="bld">upekkhā,</span> samaṃ pekkhati apakkhapatitāva hutvā pekkhatīti attho. Sā idha tatramajjhattupekkhā, bojjhaṅgupekkhātipi tassā nāmaṃ. Samavāhitalakkhaṇattā <span class="bld">paṭisaṅkhānaṭṭho</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sammādiṭṭhā</span>dīni aṭṭha vissajjanāni maggavasena niddiṭṭhāni. Sammā passati, sammā vā tāya passanti, pasatthā sundarā vā diṭṭhīti sammādiṭṭhi. Tassā <span class="bld">sammādiṭṭhiyā</span>. Sammā saṅkappeti, sammā vā tena saṅkappenti, pasattho sundaro vā saṅkappoti <span class="bld">sammāsaṅkappo. Abhiropanaṭṭho</span>ti cittassa ārammaṇāropanaṭṭho. Ārammaṇābhiniropanaṭṭhotipi pāṭho. Sammā vadati<a name="V1.0084"></a>, sammā vā tāya vadanti, pasatthā sundarā vā vācāti <span class="bld">sammāvācā</span>. Micchāvācāviratiyā etaṃ nāmaṃ. <span class="bld">Pariggahaṭṭho</span>ti catubbidhavacīsaṃvarapariggahaṭṭho. Sammā karoti, sammā vā tena karonti, pasatthaṃ sundaraṃ vā kammanti sammākammaṃ, sammākammameva <span class="bld">sammākammanto</span>. Micchākammantaviratiyā etaṃ nāmaṃ. <span class="bld">Samuṭṭhānaṭṭho</span>ti tividhakāyasaṃvarasamuṭṭhānaṭṭho. Sammā ājīvati, sammā vā tena ājīvanti, pasattho sundaro vā ājīvoti <span class="bld">sammāājīvo</span>. Micchājīvaviratiyā etaṃ nāmaṃ. <span class="bld">Vodānaṭṭho</span>ti parisuddhaṭṭho. Sammā vāyamati, sammā vā tena vāyamanti, pasattho sundaro vā vāyāmoti <span class="bld">sammāvāyāmo</span>. Sammā sarati, sammā vā tāya saranti, pasatthā sundarā vā satīti <span class="bld">sammāsati</span>. Sammā samādhiyati, sammā vā tena samādhiyanti, pasattho sundaro vā samādhīti <span class="bld">sammāsamādhi</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para13"></a><span class="paranum">13</span>. <span class="bld">Indriyā</span>dīni dasa vissajjanāni rāsikatvā anupubbapaṭipāṭivasena niddiṭṭhāni. <span class="bld">Ādhipateyyaṭṭho</span>ti indaṭṭhakaraṇavasena adhipatiattho. <span class="bld">Akampiyaṭṭho</span>ti paṭipakkhehi kampetuṃ asakkuṇeyyaṭṭho. <span class="bld">Niyyānaṭṭho</span>ti lokiyalokuttarānampi paṭipakkhato niggamanaṭṭho. <span class="bld">Hetuṭṭho</span>ti micchādiṭṭhādīnaṃ pahānāya sammādiṭṭhādayo hetūti vā sabbepi sammādiṭṭhādayo nibbānasampāpakahetūti vā hetuṭṭho. Satipaṭṭhānesu ārammaṇesu <a name="M1.0091"></a> okkhanditvā pakkhanditvā upaṭṭhānato upaṭṭhānaṃ, satiyeva upaṭṭhānaṃ <span class="bld">satipaṭṭhānaṃ</span>. Kāyavedanācittadhammesu panassā asubhadukkhāniccānattākāragahaṇavase <a name="P1.0097"></a> subhasukhaniccattasaññāpahānakiccasādhanavasena ca pavattito catudhā bhedo hoti. Etāni pubbabhāge nānācittesu labbhanti, maggakkhaṇe pana ekāyeva sati cattāri nāmāni labhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sammappadhānesu padahanti etenāti padhānaṃ, sobhanaṃ padhānaṃ <span class="bld">sammappadhānaṃ.</span> Sammā vā padahanti etenāti sammappadhānaṃ, sobhanaṃ vā taṃ kilesavirūpattavirahato padhānañca hitasukhanipphādakattena seṭṭhabhāvāvahanato padhānabhāvakaraṇato vā sammappadhānaṃ. Vīriyassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Uppannānuppannānaṃ anuppannuppannānañca akusalakusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānānuppattiuppādaṭṭhitikiccasādhanavasena pavattito panassa catudhā bhedo hoti. Etānipi pubbabhāge nānācittesu labbhanti, maggakkhaṇe pana ekameva vīriyaṃ cattāri nāmāni labhati. <span class="bld">Padahanaṭṭho</span>ti ussāhanaṭṭho. Padhānaṭṭhotipi pāṭho, soyevattho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Iddhipādāna</span>nti ettha chandavīriyacittavīmaṃsāsu ekeko ijjhatīti iddhi, samijjhati nipphajjatīti attho. Ijjhanti vā etāya sattā iddhā vuddhā ukkaṃsagatā hontīti iddhi, paṭhamenatthena <a name="V1.0085"></a> iddhi eva pādo <span class="bld">iddhipādo,</span> iddhikoṭṭhāsoti attho. Dutiyenatthena iddhiyā pādoti iddhipādo. <span class="bld">Pādo</span>ti patiṭṭhā, adhigamūpāyoti attho. Tena hi yasmā uparūpari visesasaṅkhātaṃ iddhiṃ pajjanti pāpuṇanti, tasmā pādoti vuccati. Ete chandādayo pubbabhāge adhipativasena nānācittesu labbhanti, maggakkhaṇe pana saheva labbhanti. <span class="bld">Ijjhanaṭṭho</span>ti nipphajjanaṭṭho patiṭṭhānaṭṭho vā. <span class="bld">Saccāna</span>nti catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ. <span class="bld">Tathaṭṭho</span>ti yathāsabhāvaṭṭho. Imāni aṭṭha vissajjanāni lokiyalokuttaramissakāni. <span class="bld">Payogāna</span>nti catunnaṃ ariyamaggapayogānaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭippassaddhaṭṭho</span>ti catunnaṃ ariyaphalānaṃ paṭippassaddhaṭṭho. Maggapayogo hi phalakkhaṇe paṭippassaddho hoti niṭṭhitakiccattā. Maggapayogānaṃ phalodayena paṭippassaddhabhāvo vā. <span class="bld">Phalānaṃ sacchikiriyaṭṭho</span>ti ariyaphalānaṃ paccavekkhaṇavasena paccakkhakaraṇaṭṭho. Ārammaṇasacchikiriyā <a name="P1.0098"></a> vuttā hoti, phalakkhaṇe paṭilābhasacchikiriyā vā. <span class="bld">Vitakkā</span>dīni pañca vissajjanāni jhānaṅgavasena niddiṭṭhāni. Vitakkanaṃ <span class="bld">vitakko,</span> ūhananti <a name="M1.0092"></a> vuttaṃ hoti. Vicaraṇaṃ <span class="bld">vicāro,</span> anusañcaraṇanti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Upavicāraṭṭho</span>ti anumajjanaṭṭho. <span class="bld">Abhisandanaṭṭho</span>ti temanaṭṭho samādhivasena cittassa ekaggaṭṭho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āvajjanā</span>dīni pañcadasa vissajjanāni pakiṇṇakavasena niddiṭṭhāni. Pañcadvāramanodvāresu bhavaṅgārammaṇato aññārammaṇe cittasantānaṃ namentānaṃ dvinnaṃ cittānaṃ <span class="bld">āvajjanaṭṭho</span>. Viññāṇassa <span class="bld">vijānanaṭṭho</span>. Paññāya <span class="bld">pajānanaṭṭho</span>. Saññāya <span class="bld">sañjānanaṭṭho</span>. Samādhissa <span class="bld">ekodaṭṭho</span>. Dutiyajjhānasmiñhi samādhi eko udetīti <span class="bld">ekodī</span>ti vuccati, vitakkavicārehi anajjhāruḷhattā aggo seṭṭho hutvā uppajjatīti attho. Seṭṭhopi hi loke ekoti vuccati. Vitakkavicāravirahito vā eko asahāyo hutvā udetītipi vaṭṭati. Sabbopi vā kusalasamādhi nīvaraṇādīnaṃ uddhaccasseva vā paṭipakkhattā tehi anajjhāruḷhoti aggo hutvā udetīti vā tehi virahitoti asahāyo hutvā udetīti vā ekodīti yujjati. <span class="bld">Abhiññāya ñātaṭṭho</span>ti ñātapariññāya sabhāvajānanaṭṭho. <span class="bld">Pariññāya tīraṇaṭṭho</span>ti tīraṇapariññāya aniccādito upaparikkhaṇaṭṭho. <span class="bld">Pahānassa pariccāgaṭṭho</span>ti pahānapariññāya paṭipakkhapajahanaṭṭho. Samappavattāya <span class="bld">bhāvanāya ekarasaṭṭho. Phassanaṭṭho</span>ti phusanaṭṭho vindanaṭṭho. Pīḷābhāravahanādinā <span class="bld">khandhaṭṭho</span>. Suññādinā <span class="bld">dhātuṭṭho</span>. Sakasakamariyādāyatanādinā <span class="bld">āyatanaṭṭho</span>. Paccayehi saṅgamma katavasena <span class="bld">saṅkhataṭṭho</span>. Tabbiparītena <span class="bld">asaṅkhataṭṭho</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para14"></a><span class="paranum">14</span>. <span class="bld">Cittaṭṭhā</span>dīni pañcadasa vissajjanāni cittasambandhena niddiṭṭhāni. <span class="bld">Cittaṭṭho</span>ti ettha ārammaṇaṃ cintetīti cittaṃ, vijānātīti attho. Yaṃ panettha javanaṃ hoti, taṃ javanavīthivasena <a name="V1.0086"></a> attano santānaṃ cinotītipi cittaṃ, yaṃ vipākaṃ hoti, taṃ kammakilesehi citantipi cittaṃ, sabbampi yathānurūpaṃ cittatāya cittaṃ, cittakaraṇatāya cittaṃ, yaṃ vaṭṭassa paccayo hoti, taṃ saṃsāradukkhaṃ cinotītipi cittaṃ. Evaṃ ārammaṇe <a name="P1.0099"></a> cittatādito <span class="bld">cittaṭṭho</span>. Cittuppādane phaluppādane vā nāssa antaramatthīti anantaraṃ, anantarassa bhāvo ānantariyaṃ, cittassa ānantariyaṃ cittānantariyaṃ, so <span class="bld">cittānantariyaṭṭho.</span> Arahato cuticittaṃ vajjetvā yassa kassaci samanantaraniruddhassa cittassa anantaracittuppādane samatthabhāvo maggacittassa anantaraṃ phaluppādane samatthabhāvoti adhippāyo.<span class="bld"> Cittassa vuṭṭhānaṭṭho</span>ti gotrabhucittassa <a name="M1.0093"></a> nimittato, maggacittassa nimittapavattato vuṭṭhānaṭṭho. <span class="bld">Cittassa vivaṭṭanaṭṭho</span>ti tasseva cittadvayassa yathāvuttato vuṭṭhitassa nibbāne vivaṭṭanaṭṭho. <span class="bld">Cittassa hetuṭṭho</span>ti cittassa hetupaccayabhūtānaṃ navannaṃ hetūnaṃ hetuṭṭho. <span class="bld">Cittassa paccayaṭṭho</span>ti cittassa vatthārammaṇādīnaṃ anekesaṃ paccayānaṃ paccayaṭṭho. <span class="bld">Cittassa vatthuṭṭho</span>ti cittassa vatthubhūtānaṃ cakkhusotaghānajivhākāyahadayavatthūnaṃ vatthuṭṭho. <span class="bld">Cittassa bhūmaṭṭho</span>ti cittassa uppattidesavasena kāmāvacarādibhūmiattho. <span class="bld">Cittassa ārammaṇaṭṭho</span>ti rūpādiārammaṇaṭṭho. Paricitassārammaṇassa sañcaraṇaṭṭhānaṭṭhena <span class="bld">gocaraṭṭho</span>. Upari vuttaviññāṇacariyāvasena <span class="bld">cariyaṭṭho</span>. Atha vā payogasamudācāraṭṭho cariyaṭṭho. Cittassa gamanābhāvepi dūrasantikārammaṇagahaṇavasena <span class="bld">gataṭṭho. Abhinīhāraṭṭho</span>ti gahitārammaṇato aññārammaṇamanasikāratthaṃ cittassa abhinīharaṇaṭṭho. <span class="bld">Cittassa niyyānaṭṭho</span>ti maggacittassa vaṭṭato niyyānaṭṭho. ‘‘Nekkhammaṃ paṭiladdhassa kāmacchandato cittaṃ nissaṭaṃ hotī’’tiādinā (paṭi. ma. 1.24, 191 thokaṃ visadisaṃ) nayena <span class="bld">cittassa nissaraṇaṭṭho</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para15"></a><span class="paranum">15</span>. <span class="bld">Ekattā</span>dīni dvācattālīsa vissajjanāni ekattasambandhena niddiṭṭhāni. <span class="bld">Ekatte</span>ti ārammaṇekatte, ekārammaṇeti attho. Paṭhamajjhānavasena <span class="bld">pakkhandanaṭṭho</span>. Dutiyajjhānavasena <span class="bld">pasīdanaṭṭho</span>. Tatiyajjhānavasena <span class="bld">santiṭṭhanaṭṭho</span>. Catutthajjhānavasena <span class="bld">muccanaṭṭho</span>. Paccavekkhaṇavasena etaṃ santanti <span class="bld">passanaṭṭho. Yānīkataṭṭhā</span>dayo pañca samādhissa vasībhāvavisesā. <span class="bld">Yānīkataṭṭho</span>ti yuttayānasadisakataṭṭho. <span class="bld">Vatthukataṭṭho</span>ti patiṭṭhaṭṭhena vatthu viya kataṭṭho. <span class="bld">Anuṭṭhitaṭṭho</span>ti paccupaṭṭhitaṭṭho. <span class="bld">Paricitaṭṭho</span>ti samantato citaṭṭho. <span class="bld">Susamāraddhaṭṭho</span>ti suṭṭhu samāraddhaṭṭho<a name="P1.0100"></a>, sukataṭṭhoti attho. Āvajjanasamāpajjanaadhiṭṭhānavuṭṭhānapaccavekkhaṇavasitāvasena vā paṭipāṭiyā pañca padāni yojetabbāni. Kasiṇādiārammaṇabhāvanāya sikhāppattakāle cittacetasikānaṃ <span class="bld">pariggahaparivāraparipūraṭṭho</span>. Tesaṃyeva sammā samāhitattā ekārammaṇe samosaraṇena <span class="bld">samodhānaṭṭho. </span> Tesaṃyeva balappattiyā ārammaṇaṃ abhibhavitvā patiṭṭhānavasena <span class="bld">adhiṭṭhānaṭṭho</span>. Samathassa vipassanāya vā ādito, ādarena vā sevanavasena <span class="bld">āsevanaṭṭho</span>. Vaḍḍhanavasena <span class="bld">bhāvanaṭṭho</span><a name="M1.0094"></a>. Punappunaṃ <a name="V1.0087"></a> karaṇavasena <span class="bld">bahulīkammaṭṭho</span>. Bahulīkatassa suṭṭhu samuṭṭhitavasena <span class="bld">susamuggataṭṭho</span>. Susamuggatassa paccanīkehi suṭṭhu vimuttivasena ārammaṇe ca suṭṭhu adhimuttivasena <span class="bld">suvimuttaṭṭho</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bujjhanaṭṭhā</span>dīni cattāri padāni bojjhaṅgavasena vuttāni. Sotāpattimaggabojjhaṅgānaṃ <span class="bld">bujjhanaṭṭho</span>. Sakadāgāmimaggabojjhaṅgānaṃ <span class="bld">anubujjhanaṭṭho</span>. Anāgāmimaggabojjhaṅgānaṃ <span class="bld">paṭibujjhanaṭṭho</span>. Arahattamaggabojjhaṅgānaṃ <span class="bld">sambujjhanaṭṭho</span>. Vipassanābojjhaṅgānaṃ vā bujjhanaṭṭho. Dassanamaggabojjhaṅgānaṃ anubujjhanaṭṭho. Bhāvanāmaggabojjhaṅgānaṃ paṭibujjhanaṭṭho. Phalabojjhaṅgānaṃ sambujjhanaṭṭho. Yathāvuttanayeneva bojjhaṅgānaṃ tassa tassa puggalassa bodhanādikaraṇena bodhanaṭṭhādayo cattāro atthā veditabbā. Yathāvuttānaṃyeva bojjhaṅgānaṃ bujjhanaṭṭhena ‘‘bodho’’ti laddhanāmassa puggalassa pakkhe bhavattā bodhipakkhiyā nāma. Tesaṃ yathāvuttānaṃyeva bodhipakkhiyaṭṭhādayo cattāro atthā veditabbā. Vipassanāpaññāvasena <span class="bld">jotanaṭṭho</span>. Kamato catumaggapaññāvasena <span class="bld">ujjotanānujjotanapaṭijjotanasañjotanaṭṭho</span>. Kamato catumaggapaññāvasena vā jotanaṭṭhādayo, phalapaññāvasena sañjotanaṭṭho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para16"></a><span class="paranum">16</span>. <span class="bld">Patāpanaṭṭhā</span>dīni aṭṭhārasa vissajjanāni ariyamaggavasena niddiṭṭhāni. Ariyamaggo hi yassuppajjati, taṃ patāpeti pabhāseti virocāpetīti patāpano, tassa <span class="bld">patāpanaṭṭho</span>. Tasseva atipabhassarabhāvena sayaṃ <span class="bld">virocanaṭṭho</span>. Kilesānaṃ visosanena <span class="bld">santāpanaṭṭho</span>. Amalanibbānārammaṇattā <span class="bld">amalaṭṭho</span>. Sampayuttamalābhāvena <span class="bld">vimalaṭṭho</span>. Ārammaṇakaraṇamalābhāve <a name="P1.0101"></a> <span class="bld">nimmalaṭṭho</span>. Atha vā sotāpattimaggassa amalaṭṭho. Sakadāgāmianāgāmimaggānaṃ vimalaṭṭho. Arahattamaggassa nimmalaṭṭho. Atha vā sāvakamaggassa amalaṭṭho. Paccekabuddhamaggassa vimalaṭṭho. Sammāsambuddhamaggassa nimmalaṭṭho. Kilesavisamābhāvena <span class="bld">samaṭṭho</span>. ‘‘Sammā mānābhisamayā’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.28; a. ni. 3.33; 5.200) viya kilesappahānaṭṭhena <span class="bld">samayaṭṭho</span>. Vikkhambhanatadaṅgasamucchedapaṭippassaddhinissaraṇasaṅkhātesu pañcasu vivekesu samucchedavivekattā <span class="bld">vivekaṭṭho,</span> vinābhāvaṭṭho. Nissaraṇaviveke nibbāne caraṇato <span class="bld">vivekacariyaṭṭho</span>. Pañcasu virāgesu samucchedavirāgattā <a name="M1.0095"></a> <span class="bld">virāgaṭṭho,</span> virajjanaṭṭho. Nissaraṇavirāge nibbāne caraṇato <span class="bld">virāgacariyaṭṭho</span>. Pañcasu nirodhesu samucchedanirodhattā <span class="bld">nirodhaṭṭho</span>. Dukkhanirodhe nibbāne caraṇato <span class="bld">nirodhacariyaṭṭho</span>. Pariccāgapakkhandanavosaggattā <span class="bld">vosaggaṭṭho</span>. Ariyamaggo hi samucchedavasena kilesappahānato pariccāgavosaggo, ārammaṇakaraṇena nibbānapakkhandanato pakkhandanavosaggo ca. Vipassanā pana tadaṅgavasena kilesappahānato pariccāgavosaggo, tanninnabhāvena nibbānapakkhandanato pakkhandanavosaggo. Na so idha adhippeto. Vosaggabhāvena caraṇato <a name="V1.0088"></a> <span class="bld">vosaggacariyaṭṭho</span>. Pañcasu vimuttīsu samucchedavimuttittā <span class="bld">vimuttaṭṭho</span>. Nissaraṇavimuttiyaṃ caraṇato <span class="bld">vimutticariyaṭṭho</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Chandavīriyacittavīmaṃsāsaṅkhātesu catūsu iddhipādesu ekekaiddhipādavasena dasa dasa katvā caturiddhipādavasena <span class="bld">chandaṭṭhā</span>dīni cattālīsa vissajjanāni niddiṭṭhāni. Kattukamyataṭṭho <span class="bld">chandaṭṭho</span>. Chandaṃ sīsaṃ katvā bhāvanārambhakāle <span class="bld">mūlaṭṭho</span>. Sahajātānaṃ patiṭṭhābhāvena <span class="bld">pādaṭṭho</span>. Padaṭṭhoti vā pāṭho. Iddhipādattā adhipatibhāvena <span class="bld">padhānaṭṭho</span>. Payogakāle <span class="bld">ijjhanaṭṭho</span>. Saddhāsampayogena <span class="bld">adhimokkhaṭṭho</span>. Vīriyasampayogena <span class="bld">paggahaṭṭho</span>. Satisampayogena <span class="bld">upaṭṭhānaṭṭho</span>. Samādhisampayogena <span class="bld">avikkhepaṭṭho</span>. Paññāsampayogena <span class="bld">dassanaṭṭho</span>. Paggahaṭṭho <span class="bld">vīriyaṭṭho</span>. Vīriyaṃ sīsaṃ katvā bhāvanārambhakāle mūlaṭṭho. Sayaṃ <a name="P1.0102"></a> vīriyattā paggahaṭṭho. Cintanaṭṭhādiko <span class="bld">cittaṭṭho</span>. Cittaṃ sīsaṃ katvā bhāvanārambhakāle mūlaṭṭho. Upaparikkhanaṭṭho <span class="bld">vīmaṃsaṭṭho</span>. Vīmaṃsaṃ sīsaṃ katvā bhāvanārambhakāle mūlaṭṭho. Sayaṃ vīmaṃsattā dassanaṭṭho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para17"></a><span class="paranum">17</span>. <span class="bld">Dukkhassa pīḷanaṭṭho</span>tiādīni soḷasa vissajjanāni saccānaṃ tathalakkhaṇavasena niddiṭṭhāni. Dukkhadassaneneva <span class="bld">pīḷanaṭṭho</span>. Dukkhāyūhanasamudayadassanena <span class="bld">saṅkhataṭṭho</span>. Sabbakilesasantāpaharasusītalamaggadassanena <span class="bld">santāpaṭṭho</span>. Avipariṇāmadhammanirodhadassanena <span class="bld">vipariṇāmaṭṭho</span>. Samudayadassaneneva <span class="bld">āyūhanaṭṭho</span>. Samudayāyūhitadukkhadassanena <span class="bld">nidānaṭṭho</span>. Visaññogabhūtanirodhadassanena <span class="bld">saññogaṭṭho</span>. Niyyānabhūtamaggadassanena <span class="bld">palibodhaṭṭho</span>. Nirodhadassaneneva <span class="bld">nissaraṇaṭṭho</span>. Avivekabhūtasamudayadassanena <span class="bld">vivekaṭṭho</span>. Saṅkhatabhūtamaggadassanena <span class="bld">asaṅkhataṭṭho</span>. Visabhūtadukkhadassanena <span class="bld">amataṭṭho</span>. Maggadassaneneva <a name="M1.0096"></a> <span class="bld">niyyānaṭṭho</span>. Nibbānasampattiyā ahetubhūtasamudayadassanena <span class="bld">hetuṭṭho</span>. Sududdasanirodhadassanena <span class="bld">dassanaṭṭho</span>. Kapaṇajanasadisadukkhadassanena uḷārakulasadiso <span class="bld">ādhipateyyaṭṭho</span> pātubhavatīti. Evaṃ taṃtaṃsaccadassanena tadaññasaccadassanena ca ekekassa saccassa cattāro cattāro lakkhaṇaṭṭhā vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tathaṭṭhā</span>dīni dvādasa vissajjanāni sabbadhammasaṅgāhakadvādasapadavasena niddiṭṭhāni. <span class="bld">Tathaṭṭho</span>ti yathāsabhāvaṭṭho. <span class="bld">Anattaṭṭho</span>ti attavirahitaṭṭho. <span class="bld">Saccaṭṭho</span>ti avisaṃvādanaṭṭho. <span class="bld">Paṭivedhaṭṭho</span>ti paṭivijjhitabbaṭṭho. <span class="bld">Abhijānanaṭṭho</span>ti abhijānitabbaṭṭho. <span class="bld">Parijānanaṭṭho</span>ti ñātatīraṇapariññāya parijānitabbaṭṭho. <span class="bld">Dhammaṭṭho</span>ti sabhāvadhāraṇādiattho. <span class="bld">Dhātuṭṭho</span>ti suññādiattho. <span class="bld">Ñātaṭṭho</span>ti jānituṃ sakkuṇeyyaṭṭho. <span class="bld">Sacchikiriyaṭṭho</span>ti sacchikātabbaṭṭho. <span class="bld">Phassanaṭṭho</span>ti ñāṇena phusitabbaṭṭho. <span class="bld">Abhisamayaṭṭho</span>ti paccavekkhaṇañāṇena abhisammāgantabbaṭṭho, ñāṇena paṭilabhitabbaṭṭho vā. Paṭilābhopi <a name="V1.0089"></a> hi ‘‘atthābhisamayā dhīro’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 1.130) viya abhisamayoti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para18"></a><span class="paranum">18</span>. Nekkhammādīni <a name="P1.0103"></a> satta vissajjanāni upacārajjhānavasena niddiṭṭhāni. <span class="bld">Nekkhamma</span>nti kāmacchandassa paṭipakkho alobho. <span class="bld">Ālokasaññā</span>ti thinamiddhassa paṭipakkhe ālokanimitte saññā. <span class="bld">Avikkhepo</span>ti uddhaccassa paṭipakkho samādhi. <span class="bld">Dhammavavatthāna</span>nti vicikicchāya paṭipakkhaṃ ñāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Ñāṇa</span>nti avijjāya paṭipakkhaṃ ñāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Pāmojja</span>nti aratipaṭipakkhā pīti. <span class="bld">Paṭhamajjhānā</span>dīni aṭṭha vissajjanāni rūpārūpasamāpattivasena niddiṭṭhāni. Heṭṭhā pana rūpasamāpattianantaraṃ rūpajjhānasambandhena cattāro brahmavihārā niddiṭṭhā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aniccānupassanā</span>dīni lokuttaramaggassa pubbabhāge aṭṭhārasamahāvipassanāvasena niddiṭṭhāni. Heṭṭhā pana rūpādīhi yojanūpagā satta anupassanā eva vuttā, idha pana sabbāpi vuttā. Kalāpasammasanaudayabbayānupassanā kasmā na vuttāti ce? Tāsaṃ dvinnaṃ vasena aniccānupassanādīnaṃ sijjhanato imāsu vuttāsu tā dvepi vuttāva honti, aniccānupassanādīhi vā vinā tāsaṃ dvinnaṃ appavattito imāsu vuttāsu tā dvepi vuttāva honti. <span class="bld">Khayānupassanā</span>ti paccuppannānaṃ rūpakkhandhādīnaṃ bhaṅgadassanañāṇañca <a name="M1.0097"></a> taṃtaṃkhandhabhaṅgadassanānantaraṃ tadārammaṇacittacetasikabhaṅgadassanañāṇañca. <span class="bld">Vayānupassanā</span>ti paccuppannānaṃ khandhānaṃ bhaṅgadassanānantaraṃ tadanvayeneva atītānāgatakhandhānaṃ bhaṅgadassanañāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Vipariṇāmānupassanā</span>ti tasmiṃ bhaṅgasaṅkhāte nirodhe adhimuttattā, atha sabbepi atītānāgatapaccuppannā khandhā vipariṇāmavantoti sabbesaṃ vipariṇāmadassanañāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Animittānupassanā</span>ti evaṃ sabbasaṅkhārānaṃ vipariṇāmaṃ disvā aniccato vipassantassa aniccānupassanāva niccanimittapajahanavasena niccanimittābhāvā animittānupassanā nāma hoti. <span class="bld">Appaṇihitānupassanā</span>ti aniccānupassanānantaraṃ pavattā dukkhānupassanāva sukhapatthanāpajahanavasena paṇidhiabhāvā appaṇihitānupassanā nāma hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Suññatānupassanā</span>ti dukkhānupassanānantaraṃ pavattā anattānupassanāva attābhinivesapajahanavasena attasuññatādassanato suññatānupassanā nāma hoti. <span class="bld">Adhipaññādhammavipassanā</span>ti evaṃ saṅkhārānaṃ bhaṅgaṃ passitvā <a name="P1.0104"></a> passitvā aniccādito vipassantassa saṅkhārāva bhijjanti, saṅkhārānaṃ maraṇaṃ na añño koci atthīti bhaṅgavasena suññataṃ gahetvā pavattā vipassanā. Sā hi adhipaññā ca dhammesu ca vipassanāti katvā adhipaññādhammavipassanāti vuccati. <span class="bld">Yathābhūtañāṇadassana</span>nti <a name="V1.0090"></a> bhaṅgaṃ disvā disvā ‘‘sabhayā saṅkhārā’’ti pavattaṃ bhayatupaṭṭhānañāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Ādīnavānupassanā</span>ti bhayatupaṭṭhānavasena uppannaṃ sabbabhavādīsu ādīnavadassanañāṇaṃ. ‘‘Yā ca bhayatupaṭṭhāne paññā yañca ādīnave ñāṇaṃ yā ca nibbidā, ime dhammā ekatthā, byañjanameva nāna’’nti (paṭi. ma. 1.227) vacanato bhayatupaṭṭhānādīnavānupassanāsu vuttāsu nibbidānupassanā idhāpi vuttāva hoti. Ādito catutthaṃ katvā vuttattā panidha na vuttā. <span class="bld">Paṭisaṅkhānupassanā</span>ti muñcitukamyatāñāṇavasena uppannaṃ muñcanassa upāyakaraṇaṃ paṭisaṅkhānupassanāsaññitaṃ aniccadukkhānattānupassanāñāṇaṃ. ‘‘Yā ca muñcitukamyatā yā ca paṭisaṅkhānupassanā yā ca saṅkhārupekkhā, ime dhammā ekatthā, byañjanameva nāna’’nti (paṭi. ma. 1.227) vacanato paṭisaṅkhānupassanāya vuttāya muñcitukamyatāsaṅkhārupekkhāñāṇāni vuttāneva honti. <span class="bld">Vivaṭṭanānupassanā</span>ti anulomañāṇavasena uppannaṃ gotrabhuñāṇaṃ. Anulomañāṇena gotrabhuñāṇassa sijjhanato gotrabhuñāṇe vutte anulomañāṇaṃ vuttameva hoti. Evañhi aṭṭhārasannaṃ <a name="M1.0098"></a> mahāvipassanānaṃ paṭipāṭi vuccamānā pāḷiyā sameti. Vuttañhi indriyakathāyaṃ –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Pubbabhāge pañcahindriyehi paṭhamajjhānavasena pañcindriyāni nissaṭāni honti, paṭhame jhāne pañcahindriyehi dutiyajjhānavasena pañcindriyāni nissaṭāni hontī’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.192) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Ādinā nayena yāva arahattaphalā uttaruttaripaṭipāṭiyā indriyāni vuttāni. Tasmā aṭṭhārasa mahāvipassanā yathāvuttakkamena pāḷiyā yujjanti. Visuddhimagge pana –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Khayānupassanāti ghanavinibbhogaṃ katvā aniccaṃ khayaṭṭhenāti evaṃ khayaṃ passato ñāṇaṃ. Vipariṇāmānupassanāti rūpasattakaarūpasattakādivasena taṃ taṃ paricchedaṃ atikkamma aññathā pavattidassanaṃ. Uppannassa vā jarāya ceva maraṇena ca dvīhākārehi <a name="P1.0105"></a> vipariṇāmadassanaṃ. Yathābhūtañāṇadassananti sapaccayanāmarūpapariggaho’’ti (visuddhi. 2.850) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Vuttaṃ. Taṃ tāya pāḷiyā viruddhaṃ viya dissati. Vivaṭṭanānupassanāti saṅkhārupekkhā ceva anulomañcāti vuttaṃ. Tañca pāḷiyā viruddhaṃ viya dissati. Cariyākathāyañhi –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Aniccānupassanatthāya āvajjanakiriyābyākatā viññāṇacariyā. Aniccānupassanā <a name="V1.0091"></a> ñāṇacariyā…pe… paṭisaṅkhānupassanatthāya āvajjanakiriyābyākatā viññāṇacariyā. Paṭisaṅkhānupassanā ñāṇacariyā’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.71) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Yassa yassa ñāṇassa visuṃ visuṃ āvajjanaṃ labbhati, tassa tassa visuṃ visuṃ āvajjanaṃ vuttaṃ. Vivaṭṭanānupassanāya pana āvajjanaṃ avatvāva ‘‘vivaṭṭanānupassanā ñāṇacariyā’’ti vuttaṃ. Yadi saṅkhārupekkhānulomañāṇāni vivaṭṭanānupassanā nāma siyuṃ, tadāvajjanasambhavā tadatthāya ca āvajjanaṃ vadeyya, na ca tadatthāya āvajjanaṃ vuttaṃ. Gotrabhuñāṇassa pana visuṃ āvajjanaṃ <a name="M1.0099"></a> natthi anulomāvajjanavīthiyaṃyeva uppattito. Tasmā vivaṭṭanānupassanatthāya āvajjanassa avuttattā gotrabhuñāṇameva ‘‘vivaṭṭanānupassanā’’ti yujjati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para19"></a><span class="paranum">19</span>. <span class="bld">Sotāpattimaggā</span>dīni aṭṭha vissajjanāni lokuttaramaggaphalavasena niddiṭṭhāni. Sotassa āpajjanaṃ sotāpatti, sotāpatti eva maggo <span class="bld">sotāpattimaggo</span>. Sotāpattiyā phalaṃ sotāpattiphalaṃ, samāpajjīyatīti samāpatti, sotāpattiphalameva samāpatti <span class="bld">sotāpattiphalasamāpatti</span>. Paṭisandhivasena sakiṃyeva imaṃ lokaṃ āgacchatīti sakadāgāmī, tassa maggo <span class="bld">sakadāgāmimaggo</span>. Sakadāgāmissa phalaṃ <span class="bld">sakadāgāmiphalaṃ</span>. Paṭisandhivaseneva kāmabhavaṃ na āgacchatīti anāgāmī, tassa maggo <span class="bld">anāgāmimaggo</span>. Anāgāmissa phalaṃ <span class="bld">anāgāmiphalaṃ</span>. Kilesehi ārakattā, kilesārīnaṃ hatattā, saṃsāracakkassa arānaṃ hatattā, pāpakaraṇe rahābhāvā, paccayādīnaṃ arahattā arahaṃ, arahato bhāvo arahattaṃ. Kiṃ taṃ? Arahattaphalaṃ. Arahattassa maggo <span class="bld">arahattamaggo</span>. Arahattameva phalaṃ <span class="bld">arahattaphalaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Adhimokkhaṭṭhena saddhindriya’’ntiādīni ‘‘tathaṭṭhena <a name="P1.0106"></a> saccā’’tipariyantāni tettiṃsa vissajjanāni niddiṭṭhāni. Heṭṭhā ‘‘saddhindriyassa adhimokkhaṭṭho’’tiādīhi tettiṃsāya vissajjanehi samānāni. Kevalañhi tattha dhammehi atthā niddiṭṭhā, idha atthehi dhammā niddiṭṭhāti ayaṃ viseso. ‘‘Avikkhepaṭṭhena samatho’’tiādīnañca catunnaṃ vissajjanānaṃ heṭṭhā ‘‘samathassa avikkhepaṭṭho’’tiādīnañca catunnaṃ vissajjanānaṃ viseso vuttanayeneva veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saṃvaraṭṭhenā</span>tiādīni aṭṭha vissajjanāni sīlādibalapariyosānadhammavasena niddiṭṭhāni. <span class="bld">Sīlavisuddhī</span>ti suparisuddhapātimokkhasaṃvarādicatubbidhaṃ sīlaṃ dussīlyamalavisodhanato. <span class="bld">Cittavisuddhī</span>ti saupacārā aṭṭha samāpattiyo. Cittasīsena hettha samādhi vutto. So cittamalavisodhanato cittavisuddhi. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhivisuddhī</span>ti nāmarūpānaṃ yathāsabhāvadassanaṃ sattadiṭṭhimalavisodhanato <a name="V1.0092"></a> diṭṭhivisuddhi. <span class="bld">Muttaṭṭhenā</span>ti tadaṅgavasena upakkilesato vimuttaṭṭhena ārammaṇe ca adhimuttaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Vimokkho</span>ti tadaṅgavimokkho. <span class="bld">Paṭivedhaṭṭhena vijjā</span>ti pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇaṃ purimabhavapaṭivedhaṭṭhena vijjā, dibbacakkhuñāṇaṃ <a name="M1.0100"></a> sattānaṃ cutūpapātapaṭivedhaṭṭhena vijjā, āsavānaṃ khaye ñāṇaṃ saccapaṭivedhaṭṭhena vijjā. <span class="bld">Paṭivedhaṭṭhenā</span>ti jānanaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Pariccāgaṭṭhena vimuttī</span>ti yaṃ yaṃ pariccattaṃ, tato tato vimuttattā phalavimutti. <span class="bld">Samucchedaṭṭhena khaye ñāṇa</span>nti kilesasamucchindanatthena kilesakkhayakare ariyamagge ñāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭippassaddhaṭṭhena anuppāde ñāṇa</span>nti maggakiccasaṅkhātapayogapaṭippassaddhattā paṭisandhivasena anuppādabhūte taṃtaṃmaggavajjhakilesānaṃ anuppādapariyosāne uppanne ariyaphale ñāṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para20"></a><span class="paranum">20</span>. <span class="bld">Chando mūlaṭṭhenā</span>tiādīni nava vissajjanāni ariyamaggassa ādimajjhapariyosānavasena niddiṭṭhāni. <span class="bld">Chando mūlaṭṭhenā</span>ti kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ kattukamyatāchando paṭipattiyā ca nipphattiyā ca mūlattā mūlaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Manasikāro samuṭṭhānaṭṭhenā</span>ti yonisomanasikāro sabbakusaladhamme samuṭṭhāpetīti samuṭṭhānaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Phasso samodhānaṭṭhenā</span>ti <a name="P1.0107"></a> yasmā taṇhāya visesena vedanā padhānakāraṇaṃ, taṇhā ca pahīyamānā visesena vedanāya pariññātāya pahīyati, tassā ca vedanāya phassova padhānakāraṇaṃ, tasmiṃ pariññāte vedanā pariññātā hoti, tasmā sattasu abhiññeyyavatthūsu phasso paṭhamaṃ vutto. So ca tikasannipātasaṅkhātassa attano kāraṇassa vasena paveditattā ‘‘tikasannipātapaccupaṭṭhāno’’ti vuttattā samodhānaṭṭhena abhiññeyyo. Keci pana ‘‘ñāṇaphasso phasso’’ti vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā pana vedanā cittacetasike attano vase vattāpayamānā tattha samosarati pavisati, cittasantānameva vā pavisati, tasmā <span class="bld">samosaraṇaṭṭhena abhiññeyyā</span>ti vuttā. Keci pana ‘‘sabbānipi pariññeyyāni vedanāsu samosaranti, vedanāsu pariññātāsu sabbaṃ taṇhāvatthu pariññātaṃ hoti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Vedanāpaccayā hi sabbāpi taṇhā. Tasmā vedanā samosaraṇaṭṭhena abhiññeyyā’’ti vadanti. Yasmā sabbagopānasīnaṃ ābandhanato kūṭāgārakaṇṇikā viya cittacetasikānaṃ sampiṇḍanato samādhi kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ pamukho hoti jeṭṭhako, tasmā <span class="bld">samādhi pamukhaṭṭhenā</span>ti vuttaṃ. Pāmukhaṭṭhenātipi pāṭho. Yasmā samathavipassanaṃ bhāventassa ārammaṇūpaṭṭhānādhipati hoti sati, satiyā <a name="M1.0101"></a> upaṭṭhite ārammaṇe sabbepi kusalā dhammā sakaṃ sakaṃ kiccaṃ sādhenti, tasmā <span class="bld">sati ādhipateyyaṭṭhenā</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Paññā taduttaraṭṭhenā</span>ti ariyamaggapaññā tesaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ uttaraṭṭhena seṭṭhaṭṭhena abhiññeyyā. Atha vā tato kilesehi, saṃsāravaṭṭato vā uttarati samatikkamatīti taduttarā, tassā attho taduttaraṭṭho. Tena <a name="V1.0093"></a> <span class="bld">taduttaraṭṭhena</span>. Tatuttaraṭṭhenātipi pāṭho, tato uttaraṭṭhenāti attho. <span class="bld">Vimutti sāraṭṭhenā</span>ti phalavimutti aparihānivasena thirattā sāro, taṃ atikkamitvā aññassa pariyesitabbassa abhāvatopi sāro. Sā vimutti tena sāraṭṭhena abhiññeyyā. <span class="bld">Amatogadhaṃ nibbāna</span>nti natthi etassa maraṇasaṅkhātaṃ matanti amataṃ, kilesavisapaṭipakkhattā agadantipi amataṃ<a name="P1.0108"></a>, sacchikiriyāya sattānaṃ patiṭṭhābhūtanti ogadhaṃ, saṃsāradukkhasantibhūtattā nibbutanti nibbānaṃ, natthettha taṇhāsaṅkhātaṃ vānantipi nibbānaṃ. Taṃ sāsanassa niṭṭhābhūtattā <span class="bld">pariyosānaṭṭhena abhiññeyyaṃ</span>. Evaṃ imasmiṃ abhiññeyyaniddese sattasahassāni sattasatāni cattālīsañca vissajjanāni honti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni tesaṃ evaṃ niddiṭṭhānaṃ dhammānaṃ ‘‘ye ye dhammā abhiññātā, te te dhammā ñātā hontī’’ti nigamanaṃ karoti, tassa abhimukhaṃ katvā ñātā hontīti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Taṃñātaṭṭhena ñāṇa</span>nti tesaṃ vuttappakārānaṃ dhammānaṃ jānanaṭṭhena ñāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Pajānanaṭṭhena paññā</span>ti pakārato jānanaṭṭhena paññā. <span class="bld">Tena vuccatī</span>tiādito pucchitapucchā nigametvā dassitā. Tena kāraṇena ‘‘ime dhammā abhiññeyyāti sotāvadhānaṃ, taṃpajānanā paññā sutamaye ñāṇa’’nti vuccatīti atthoti.</p>
<p class="centered">Saddhammappakāsiniyā paṭisambhidāmaggaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Abhiññeyyaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Pariññeyyaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para21"></a><span class="paranum">21</span>. Pariññeyyaniddese <a name="P1.0109"></a> kiñcāpi pariññāsaddena ñātapariññā, tīraṇapariññā, pahānapariññāti tisso pariññā saṅgahitā. Heṭṭhā ‘‘abhiññeyyā’’ti ñātapariññāya vuttattā upari ‘‘pahātabbā’’ti pahānapariññāya vuttattā tīraṇapariññāva idha adhippetā. <span class="bld">Phasso sāsavo upādāniyo</span>ti <a name="M1.0102"></a> āsavānañceva upādānānañca paccayabhūto tebhūmakaphasso. Sopi hi attānaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā pavattamānehi saha āsavehīti sāsavo, ārammaṇabhāvaṃ upagantvā upādānasambandhanena upādānānaṃ hitoti upādāniyo. Yasmā phasse tīraṇapariññāya pariññāte phassamukhena sesāpi arūpadhammā tadanusārena ca rūpadhammā pariññāyanti, tasmā ekova phasso vutto. Evaṃ sesesupi yathāyogaṃ yojetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nāma</span>nti <a name="V1.0094"></a> cattāro khandhā arūpino nibbānañca. <span class="bld">Rūpa</span>nti cattāri ca mahābhūtāni catunnañca mahābhūtānaṃ upādāyarūpāni catuvīsati. Cattāro khandhā namanaṭṭhena nāmaṃ. Te hi ārammaṇābhimukhā namanti. Sabbampi nāmanaṭṭhena nāmaṃ. Cattāro hi khandhā ārammaṇe aññamaññaṃ nāmenti, nibbānaṃ ārammaṇādhipatipaccayatāya attani anavajjadhamme nāmeti. Santativasena sītādīhi ruppanaṭṭhena rūpaṃ. <span class="bld">Ruppanaṭṭhenā</span>ti kuppanaṭṭhena. Santativipariṇāmavasena hi sītādīhi ghaṭṭanīyaṃ dhammajātaṃ rūpanti vuccati. Idha pana nāmanti lokikameva adhippetaṃ, rūpaṃ pana ekantena lokikameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tisso vedanā</span>ti sukhā vedanā, dukkhā vedanā, adukkhamasukhā vedanā. Tā lokikā eva. <span class="bld">Āhārā</span>ti paccayā. Paccayā hi attano phalaṃ āharantīti āhārā. Kabaḷīkāro āhāro phassāhāro manosañcetanāhāro viññāṇāhāroti cattāro. Vatthuvasena kabaḷīkātabbattā kabaḷīkāro<a name="P1.0110"></a>, ajjhoharitabbattā āhāro. Odanakummāsādivatthukāya ojāyetaṃ nāmaṃ. Sā hi ojaṭṭhamakarūpāni āharatīti āhāro. Cakkhusamphassādiko chabbidho phasso tisso vedanā āharatīti āhāro. Manaso sañcetanā, na sattassāti manosañcetanā yathā cittekaggatā. Manasā vā sampayuttā sañcetanā manosañcetanā yathā ājaññaratho. Tebhūmakakusalākusalacetanā. Sā hi tayo bhave āharatīti āhāro. <span class="bld">Viññāṇa</span>nti ekūnavīsatibhedaṃ paṭisandhiviññāṇaṃ. Tañhi paṭisandhināmarūpaṃ āharatīti āhāro. <span class="bld">Upādānakkhandhā</span>ti upādānagocarā khandhā, majjhapadalopo daṭṭhabbo. Upādānasambhūtā vā khandhā upādānakkhandhā yathā tiṇaggi <a name="M1.0103"></a> thusaggi. Upādānavidheyyā vā khandhā upādānakkhandhā yathā rājapuriso. Upādānappabhavā vā khandhā upādānakkhandhā yathā puppharukkho phalarukkho. Upādānāni pana kāmupādānaṃ diṭṭhupādānaṃ sīlabbatupādānaṃ attavādupādānanti cattāri. Atthato pana bhusaṃ ādānanti upādānaṃ. Rūpupādānakkhandho, vedanupādānakkhandho, saññupādānakkhandho, saṅkhārupādānakkhandho, viññāṇupādānakkhandhoti pañca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cha ajjhattikāni āyatanānī</span>ti cakkhāyatanaṃ, sotāyatanaṃ, ghānāyatanaṃ, jivhāyatanaṃ, kāyāyatanaṃ, manāyatanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Satta viññāṇaṭṭhitiyo</span>ti katamā satta? Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Santi, bhikkhave (a. ni. 7.44; dī. ni. 3.332), sattā nānattakāyā <a name="V1.0095"></a> nānattasaññino. Seyyathāpi manussā ekacce ca devā ekacce ca vinipātikā. Ayaṃ paṭhamā viññāṇaṭṭhiti.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Santi, bhikkhave, sattā nānattakāyā ekattasaññino. Seyyathāpi devā brahmakāyikā paṭhamābhinibbattā. Ayaṃ dutiyā viññāṇaṭṭhiti.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Santi, bhikkhave, sattā ekattakāyā nānattasaññino. Seyyathāpi devā ābhassarā. Ayaṃ tatiyā viññāṇaṭṭhiti.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Santi, bhikkhave, sattā ekattakāyā ekattasaññino. Seyyathāpi devā subhakiṇhā. Ayaṃ catutthā viññāṇaṭṭhiti.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Santi, bhikkhave, sattā sabbaso rūpasaññānaṃ samatikkamā paṭighasaññānaṃ atthaṅgamā nānattasaññānaṃ amanasikārā ‘ananto ākāso’ti ākāsānañcāyatanūpagā. Ayaṃ pañcamī viññāṇaṭṭhiti.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Santi, bhikkhave, sattā sabbaso ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma ‘anantaṃ viññāṇa’nti viññāṇañcāyatanūpagā. Ayaṃ <a name="P1.0111"></a> chaṭṭhā viññāṇaṭṭhiti.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Santi<a name="M1.0104"></a>, bhikkhave, sattā sabbaso viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma ‘natthi kiñcī’ti ākiñcaññāyatanūpagā. Ayaṃ sattamī viññāṇaṭṭhiti. Imā kho, bhikkhave, satta viññāṇaṭṭhitiyo’’ti (a. ni. 7.44; dī. ni. 3.332).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Viññāṇaṭṭhitiyo</span>ti paṭisandhiviññāṇassa ṭhānāni saviññāṇakā khandhā eva. Tattha <span class="bld">seyyathāpī</span>ti nidassanatthe nipāto. <span class="bld">Manussā</span>ti aparimāṇesupi cakkavāḷesu aparimāṇānaṃ manussānaṃ vaṇṇasaṇṭhānādivasena dvepi ekasadisā natthi. Yepi vaṇṇena vā saṇṭhānena vā sadisā honti, tepi ālokitavilokitādīhi visadisāva honti, tasmā <span class="bld">nānattakāyā</span>ti vuttā. Paṭisandhisaññā pana nesaṃ tihetukāpi duhetukāpi ahetukāpi hoti, tasmā <span class="bld">nānattasaññino</span>ti vuttā. <span class="bld">Ekacce ca devā</span>ti cha kāmāvacaradevā. Tesu hi kesañci kāyo nīlo hoti, kesañci pītakādivaṇṇo, saññā pana nesaṃ tihetukāpi duhetukāpi hoti, ahetukā na hoti. <span class="bld">Ekacce ca vinipātikā</span>ti <a name="V1.0096"></a> catuapāyavinimuttā punabbasumātā yakkhinī, piyaṅkaramātā, phussamittā, dhammaguttāti evamādayo aññe ca vemānikā petā. Etesañhi odātakāḷamaṅguracchavisāmavaṇṇādivasena ceva kisathūlarassadīghavasena ca kāyo nānā hoti, manussānaṃ viya tihetukadvihetukāhetukavasena saññāpi. Te pana devā viya na mahesakkhā, kapaṇamanussā viya appesakkhā dullabhaghāsacchādanā dukkhapīḷitā viharanti. Ekacce kāḷapakkhe dukkhitā juṇhapakkhe sukhitā honti, tasmā sukhasamussayato vinipatitattā <span class="bld">vinipātikā</span>ti vuttā. Ye panettha tihetukā, tesaṃ dhammābhisamayopi hoti piyaṅkaramātādīnaṃ viya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Brahmakāyikā</span>ti brahmapārisajjabrahmapurohitamahābrahmāno. <span class="bld">Paṭhamābhinibbattā</span>ti te sabbepi paṭhamajjhānena nibbattā. Brahmapārisajjā pana parittena, brahmapurohitā majjhimena, kāyo ca tesaṃ vipphārikataro hoti. Mahābrahmāno paṇītena, kāyo pana nesaṃ ativipphārikataro hoti. Iti te kāyassa nānattā, paṭhamajjhānavasena saññāya ekattā <span class="bld">nānattakāyā ekattasaññino</span>ti <a name="P1.0112"></a> vuttā. Yathā ca te, evaṃ catūsu apāyesu sattā. Nirayesu hi kesañci gāvutaṃ, kesañci aḍḍhayojanaṃ<a name="M1.0105"></a>, kesañci tigāvutaṃ attabhāvo hoti, devadattassa pana yojanasatiko jāto. Tiracchānesupi keci khuddakā honti, keci mahantā. Pettivisayesupi keci saṭṭhihatthā keci asītihatthā honti keci suvaṇṇā keci dubbaṇṇā. Tathā kālakañcikā asurā. Apicettha dīghapiṭṭhikā petā nāma saṭṭhiyojanikāpi honti, saññā pana sabbesampi akusalavipākāhetukāva hoti. Iti apāyikāpi ‘‘nānattakāyā ekattasaññino’’ti saṅkhaṃ gacchanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ābhassarā</span>ti daṇḍaukkāya acci viya etesaṃ sarīrato ābhā chijjitvā chijjitvā patantī viya sarati visaratīti ābhassarā. Tesu pañcakanaye dutiyatatiyajjhānadvayaṃ parittaṃ bhāvetvā uppannā <span class="bld">parittābhā</span> nāma honti, majjhimaṃ bhāvetvā uppannā <span class="bld">appamāṇābhā</span> nāma honti, paṇītaṃ bhāvetvā uppannā <span class="bld">ābhassarā</span> nāma honti. Idha pana ukkaṭṭhaparicchedavasena sabbeva te gahitā. Sabbesañhi tesaṃ kāyo ekavipphārova hoti, saññā pana avitakkavicāramattā ca avitakkaavicārā cāti nānā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Subhakiṇhā</span>ti subhena vokiṇṇā vikiṇṇā, subhena sarīrappabhāvaṇṇena ekagghanāti attho. Etesañhi na ābhassarānaṃ viya chijjitvā chijjitvā pabhā gacchatīti. Catukkanaye tatiyassa, pañcakanaye catutthassa parittamajjhimapaṇītassa jhānassavasena <span class="bld">parittasubhaappamāṇasubhasubhakiṇhā</span> nāma hutvā nibbattanti. Iti sabbepi te <span class="bld">ekattakāyā</span> ceva catutthajjhānasaññāya <a name="V1.0097"></a> <span class="bld">ekattasaññino</span> cāti veditabbā. <span class="bld">Vehapphalā</span>pi catutthaviññāṇaṭṭhitimeva bhajanti. <span class="bld">Asaññasattā</span> viññāṇābhāvā ettha saṅgahaṃ na gacchanti, sattāvāsesu gacchanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Suddhāvāsā</span> vivaṭṭapakkhe ṭhitā na sabbakālikā, kappasatasahassampi asaṅkhyeyampi buddhasuññe loke na uppajjanti, soḷasakappasahassabbhantare buddhesu uppannesuyeva uppajjanti, dhammacakkappavattassa bhagavato khandhāvārasadisā honti, tasmā neva viññāṇaṭṭhitiṃ, na ca sattāvāsaṃ bhajanti. Mahāsīvatthero pana – ‘‘na kho pana so, sāriputta, sattāvāso sulabharūpo, yo mayā anāvutthapubbo iminā dīghena addhunā aññatra suddhāvāsehi devehī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.160) iminā suttena suddhāvāsāpi catutthaṃ <a name="P1.0113"></a><a name="M1.0106"></a> viññāṇaṭṭhitiṃ catutthaṃ sattāvāsañca bhajantīti vadati, taṃ appaṭibāhitattā suttassa anuññātaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ yatheva saññāya, evaṃ viññāṇassāpi sukhumattā nevaviññāṇaṃ nāviññāṇaṃ, tasmā viññāṇaṭṭhitīsu na vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aṭṭha lokadhammā</span>ti lābho, alābho, yaso, ayaso, nindā, pasaṃsā, sukhaṃ, dukkhanti ime aṭṭha lokappavattiyā sati anuparamadhammakattā lokassa dhammāti lokadhammā. Etehi mutto satto nāma natthi, buddhānampi hontiyeva. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Aṭṭhime, bhikkhave, lokadhammā lokaṃ anuparivattanti, loko ca aṭṭha lokadhamme anuparivattati. Katame aṭṭha? Lābho ca alābho ca yaso ca ayaso ca nindā ca pasaṃsā ca sukhañca dukkhañca. Ime kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭha lokadhammā lokaṃ anuparivattanti, loko ca ime aṭṭha lokadhamme anuparivattatī’’ti (a. ni. 8.6).</p>
<p class="unindented">Tattha <span class="bld">anuparivattantī</span>ti anubandhanti nappajahanti, lokato na nivattantīti attho. <span class="bld">Lābho</span>ti pabbajitassa cīvarādi, gahaṭṭhassa dhanadhaññādi lābho. Soyeva alabbhamāno lābho <span class="bld">alābho</span>. Na lābho alābhoti vuccamāne atthābhāvāpattito pariññeyyo na siyā. <span class="bld">Yaso</span>ti parivāro. Soyeva alabbhamānā yaso <span class="bld">ayaso. Nindā</span>ti avaṇṇabhaṇanaṃ. <span class="bld">Pasaṃsā</span>ti vaṇṇabhaṇanaṃ. <span class="bld">Sukha</span>nti kāmāvacarānaṃ kāyikacetasikaṃ. <span class="bld">Dukkha</span>nti puthujjanasotāpannasakadāgāmīnaṃ kāyikacetasikaṃ, anāgāmiarahantānaṃ kāyikameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nava</span> <a name="V1.0098"></a> <span class="bld">sattāvāsā</span>ti sattānaṃ āvāsā, vasanaṭṭhānānīti attho. Tāni pana tathāpakāsitā khandhā eva. Katame nava? Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Navayime, bhikkhave (a. ni. 9.24; dī. ni. 3.341), sattāvāsā. Katame nava? Santi, bhikkhave, sattā nānattakāyā nānattasaññino, seyyathāpi manussā ekacce <a name="M1.0107"></a> ca devā ekacce ca vinipātikā. Ayaṃ paṭhamo sattāvāso.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Santi, bhikkhave, sattā nānattakāyā ekattasaññino, seyyathāpi devā brahmakāyikā paṭhamābhinibbattā. Ayaṃ dutiyo sattāvāso.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Santi, bhikkhave, sattā ekattakāyā nānattasaññino, seyyathāpi devā ābhassarā. Ayaṃ tatiyo sattāvāso.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Santi, bhikkhave, sattā ekattakāyā ekattasaññino, seyyathāpi devā <a name="P1.0114"></a> subhakiṇhā. Ayaṃ catuttho sattāvāso.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Santi, bhikkhave, sattā asaññino appaṭisaṃvedino, seyyathāpi devā asaññasattā. Ayaṃ pañcamo sattāvāso.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Santi, bhikkhave, sattā sabbaso rūpasaññānaṃ samatikkamā paṭighasaññānaṃ atthaṅgamā nānattasaññānaṃ amanasikārā ‘ananto ākāso’ti ākāsānañcāyatanūpagā. Ayaṃ chaṭṭho sattāvāso.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Santi, bhikkhave, sattā sabbaso ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma ‘anantaṃ viññāṇa’nti viññāṇañcāyatanūpagā. Ayaṃ sattamo sattāvāso.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Santi, bhikkhave, sattā sabbaso viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma ‘natthi kiñcī’ti ākiñcaññāyatanūpagā. Ayaṃ aṭṭhamo sattāvāso.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Santi, bhikkhave, sattā sabbaso ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ samatikkamma nevasaññānāsaññāyatanūpagā<a name="V1.0099"></a>. Ayaṃ navamo sattāvāso. Ime kho, bhikkhave, nava sattāvāsā’’ti (a. ni. 9.24; dī. ni. 3.341).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dasāyatanānī</span>ti cakkhāyatanaṃ rūpāyatanaṃ sotāyatanaṃ saddāyatanaṃ ghānāyatanaṃ gandhāyatanaṃ jivhāyatanaṃ rasāyatanaṃ kāyāyatanaṃ phoṭṭhabbāyatananti evaṃ dasa. Manāyatanadhammāyatanāni pana lokuttaramissakattā na gahitāni. Imesu dasasu vissajjanesu vipassanāvasena tīraṇapariññā <a name="M1.0108"></a> vuttā, ‘‘sabbaṃ, bhikkhave, pariññeyya’’ntiādīsu pana anaññātaññassāmītindriyādīnaṃ tiṇṇaṃ, nirodhapaṭipadānaṃ sacchikiriyābhāvanaṭṭhānaṃ tesaṃyeva paṭivedhaṭṭhānaṃ dukkhādīnaṃ nissaraṇassa anuppādādīnaṃ pañcadasannaṃ, pariggahaṭṭhādīnaṃ ekatiṃsāya, uttaripaṭivedhaṭṭhādīnaṃ tiṇṇaṃ, maggaṅgānaṃ aṭṭhannaṃ, ‘‘payogānaṃ paṭippassaddhaṭṭho’’tiādīnaṃ dvinnaṃ, asaṅkhataṭṭhassa vuṭṭhānaṭṭhādīnaṃ dvinnaṃ, niyyānaṭṭhassa anubujjhanaṭṭhādīnaṃ tiṇṇaṃ, anubodhanaṭṭhādīnaṃ tiṇṇaṃ, anubodhapakkhiyādīnaṃ tiṇṇaṃ, ujjotanaṭṭhādīnaṃ catunnaṃ, patāpanaṭṭhādīnaṃ aṭṭhārasannaṃ, vivaṭṭanānupassanādīnaṃ navannaṃ, khayeñāṇaanuppādeñāṇānaṃ paññāvimuttinibbānānanti imesaṃ dhammānaṃ paṭilābhavasena tīraṇapariññā vuttā, sesānaṃ yathāyogaṃ <a name="P1.0115"></a> vipassanāvasena ca paṭilābhavasena ca tīraṇapariññā vuttāti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yesaṃ yesaṃ dhammānaṃ paṭilābhatthāya vāyamantassa, te te dhammā paṭiladdhā honti. Evaṃ te dhammā pariññātā ceva honti tīritā cā</span>ti hi kiccasamāpanaṭṭhena tīraṇapariññā vuttā. Kicce hi samāpite te dhammā paṭiladdhā hontīti. Keci pana ‘‘avipassanūpagānaṃ ñātapariññā’’ti vadanti. Abhiññeyyena ñātapariññāya vuttattā taṃ na sundaraṃ. <span class="bld">Pariññātā ceva honti tīritā cā</span>ti te paṭiladdhā eva dhammā pariññātā ca nāma honti, tīritā ca nāmāti attho. Evaṃ kiccasamāpanatthavasena pariññātattho vutto hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para22"></a><span class="paranum">22</span>. Idāni tamevatthaṃ ekekadhamme paṭilābhavasena yojetvā ante ca nigametvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">nekkhamma</span>ntiādimāha. Taṃ sabbaṃ pubbe vuttānusāreneva veditabbanti.</p>
<p class="centered">Pariññeyyaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Pahātabbaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para23"></a><span class="paranum">23</span>. Pahātabbaniddese <a name="V1.0100"></a><a name="P1.0116"></a> <span class="bld">asmimāno</span>ti rūpādīsu pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu asmīti māno. Tasmiñhi pahīne arahattaṃ pattaṃ hoti. Rūparāgādīsu <a name="M1.0109"></a> vijjamānesupi sesāni avatvā asmimānasseva vacanaṃ diṭṭhipatirūpakattena tassa oḷārikattāti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Avijjā</span>ti suttantapariyāyena dukkhādīsu catūsu ṭhānesu aññāṇaṃ, abhidhammapariyāyena pubbantādīhi saddhiṃ aṭṭhasu. Vuttañhetaṃ –</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Tattha katamā avijjā? Dukkhe aññāṇaṃ, dukkhasamudaye aññāṇaṃ, dukkhanirodhe aññāṇaṃ, dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya aññāṇaṃ, pubbante aññāṇaṃ, aparante aññāṇaṃ, pubbantāparante aññāṇaṃ, idappaccayatāpaṭiccasamuppannesu dhammesu aññāṇa’’nti (dha. sa. 1106; vibha. 226).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhavataṇhā</span>ti kāmabhavādīsu bhavesu patthanā. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Tattha katamā bhavataṇhā? Yo bhavesu bhavacchando bhavarāgo bhavanandī bhavataṇhā bhavasineho bhavapariḷāho bhavamucchā bhavajjhosāna’’nti (vibha. 895).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tisso taṇhā</span>ti kāmataṇhā, bhavataṇhā, vibhavataṇhā. Tāsaṃ abhidhamme evaṃ niddeso kato – tattha katamā bhavataṇhā? Bhavadiṭṭhisahagato rāgo…pe… cittassa sārāgo, ayaṃ vuccati bhavataṇhā. Tattha katamā vibhavataṇhā? Ucchedadiṭṭhisahagato rāgo…pe… cittassa sārāgo, ayaṃ vuccati vibhavataṇhā. Avasesā taṇhā kāmataṇhā. Tattha katamā kāmataṇhā? Kāmadhātupaṭisaṃyutto rāgo…pe… cittassa sārāgo, ayaṃ vuccati kāmataṇhā. Tattha katamā bhavataṇhā? Rūpadhātuarūpadhātupaṭisaṃyutto rāgo…pe… tattha katamā vibhavataṇhā? Ucchedadiṭṭhisahagato rāgo…pe… (vibha. 916).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ pana ‘‘pañcakāmaguṇiko rāgo kāmataṇhā, rūpārūpabhavesu rāgo jhānanikantisassatadiṭṭhisahagato rāgo <a name="P1.0117"></a> bhavavasena patthanā bhavataṇhā, ucchedadiṭṭhisahagato rāgo vibhavataṇhā’’ti vuttaṃ. Ayaṃ dasuttarasuttapariyāyena yojanā. Saṅgītipariyāyena pana abhidhammapariyāyena ca ‘‘aparāpi tisso <a name="V1.0101"></a> taṇhā kāmataṇhā rūpataṇhā arūpataṇhā. Aparāpi tisso taṇhā rūpataṇhā arūpataṇhā nirodhataṇhā’’ti <a name="M1.0110"></a> (dī. ni. 3.305; vibha. 917-918) vuttā taṇhāpi ettha yujjanti. Tāsu pañca kāmadhāturūpadhātuarūpadhātupaṭisaṃyuttā, antimā ucchedadiṭṭhisahagatā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cattāro oghā</span>ti kāmogho, bhavogho, diṭṭhogho, avijjogho. Yassa saṃvijjanti, taṃ vaṭṭasmiṃ ohananti osīdāpentīti oghā. Balavakilesā ete. Kāmaguṇasaṅkhāte kāme ogho kāmogho. Kāmataṇhāyetaṃ nāmaṃ. Rūpārūpasaṅkhāte kammato ca upapattito ca duvidhepi bhave ogho bhavogho. Bhavataṇhāyetaṃ nāmaṃ. Diṭṭhi eva ogho diṭṭhogho. ‘‘Sassato loko’’tiādikāya diṭṭhiyā etaṃ nāmaṃ. Avijjā eva ogho avijjogho, dukkhādīsu aññāṇassetaṃ nāmaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pañca nīvaraṇānī</span>ti kāmacchandanīvaraṇaṃ byāpādanīvaraṇaṃ thinamiddhanīvaraṇaṃ uddhaccakukkuccanīvaraṇaṃ vicikicchānīvaraṇaṃ. Cittaṃ nīvaranti pariyonandhantīti nīvaraṇāni. Kāmīyantīti kāmā. Pañca kāmaguṇā. Kāmesu chando kāmacchando. Kāmayatīti vā kāmo, kāmo eva chando, na kattukamyatāchando na dhammacchandoti kāmacchando. Kāmataṇhāyetaṃ nāmaṃ. Byāpajjati tena cittaṃ pūtibhāvaṃ gacchati, byāpādayati vā vinayācārarūpasampattihitasukhānīti byāpādo. Dosassetaṃ nāmaṃ. Thinanatā thinaṃ, middhanatā middhaṃ, anussāhasaṃhananatā asattivighāto cāti attho. Cittassa anussāho thinaṃ, cetasikānaṃ akammaññatā middhaṃ, thinañca middhañca thinamiddhaṃ. Uddhatassa bhāvo uddhaccaṃ, avūpasamoti attho. Vikkhepassetaṃ nāmaṃ. Kucchitaṃ kataṃ kukataṃ, kukatassa bhāvo kukkuccaṃ, garahitakiriyabhāvoti attho. Pacchānutāpassetaṃ nāmaṃ. Vigatā cikicchāti vicikicchā, vigatapaññāti attho. Sabhāvaṃ vā vicinanto etāya kicchati kilamatīti vicikicchā. Buddhādīsu saṃsayassetaṃ <a name="P1.0118"></a> nāmaṃ. Kāmacchando eva nīvaraṇaṃ kāmacchandanīvaraṇaṃ. Evaṃ sesesupi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cha dhammā,</span> chaddhammāti vā pāṭho. <span class="bld">Cha taṇhākāyā</span>ti rūpataṇhā saddataṇhā gandhataṇhā rasataṇhā phoṭṭhabbataṇhā dhammataṇhā. Rūpe taṇhā rūpataṇhā. Sā eva kāmataṇhādibhedena anekabhedattā rāsaṭṭhena kāyoti vuttā. Evaṃ sesesupi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sattānusayā</span>ti <a name="V1.0102"></a><a name="M1.0111"></a> kāmarāgānusayo paṭighānusayo mānānusayo diṭṭhānusayo vicikicchānusayo bhavarāgānusayo avijjānusayo. Appahīnaṭṭhena anusentīti anusayā. Kāmesu rāgo kāmarāgo, kāmo eva vā rāgoti kāmarāgo. Ārammaṇasmiṃ paṭihaññatīti paṭighaṃ. Ayāthāvadassanaṭṭhena diṭṭhi. Seyyādivasena maññatīti māno. Bhavesu rāgo bhavarāgo. Thāmagato kāmarāgo kāmarāgānusayo. Evaṃ sesesupi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aṭṭha micchattā</span>ti micchādiṭṭhi micchāsaṅkappo micchāvācā micchākammanto micchāājīvo micchāvāyāmo micchāsati micchāsamādhi. ‘‘Hitasukhāvahā me bhavissantī’’ti evaṃ āsīsitāpi tathāabhāvato asubhādīsuyeva subhantiādiviparītappavattito ca micchāsabhāvāti micchattā. Micchā passati, micchā vā etāya passantīti micchādiṭṭhi. Atha vā viparītā diṭṭhīti micchādiṭṭhi, ayāthāvadiṭṭhīti vā micchādiṭṭhi, virajjhitvā gahaṇato vā vitathā diṭṭhīti micchādiṭṭhi, anattāvahattā paṇḍitehi kucchitā diṭṭhīti vāmicchādiṭṭhi. Micchāsaṅkappādīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Micchādiṭṭhī</span>ti sassatucchedābhiniveso. <span class="bld">Micchāsaṅkappo</span>ti kāmavitakkāditividho vitakko. <span class="bld">Micchāvācā</span>ti musāvādādicatubbidhā cetanā. <span class="bld">Micchākammanto</span>ti pāṇātipātāditividhā cetanā. <span class="bld">Micchāājīvo</span>ti micchājīvapayogasamuṭṭhāpikā cetanā. <span class="bld">Micchāvāyāmo</span>ti akusalacittasampayuttaṃ vīriyaṃ. <span class="bld">Micchāsatī</span>ti satipaṭipakkhabhūto akusalacittuppādo. <span class="bld">Micchāsamādhī</span>ti akusalasamādhi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nava taṇhāmūlakā</span>ti (dī. ni. 2.103; 3.359) taṇhaṃ paṭicca pariyesanā, pariyesanaṃ <a name="P1.0119"></a> paṭicca lābho, lābhaṃ paṭicca vinicchayo, vinicchayaṃ paṭicca chandarāgo, chandarāgaṃ paṭicca ajjhosānaṃ, ajjhosānaṃ paṭicca pariggaho, pariggahaṃ paṭicca macchariyaṃ, macchariyaṃ paṭicca ārakkho, ārakkhādhikaraṇaṃ daṇḍādānasatthādānakalahaviggahavivādatuvaṃtuvaṃpesuññamusāvādā aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā sambhavanti (dī. ni. 2.104; 3.359). Ime nava taṇhāmūlakā dhammā. Taṇhā mūlaṃ etesanti taṇhāmūlakā. Pariyesanādayo akusalā eva. <span class="bld">Taṇhaṃ, paṭiccā</span>ti taṇhaṃ nissāya. <span class="bld">Pariyesanā</span>ti rūpādiārammaṇapariyesanā. Sā <a name="M1.0112"></a> hi taṇhāya sati hoti. <span class="bld">Lābho</span>ti rūpādiārammaṇapaṭilābho, so hi pariyesanāya sati hoti. Vinicchayo pana ñāṇataṇhādiṭṭhivitakkavasena catubbidho. Tattha ‘‘sukhavinicchayaṃ jaññā, sukhavinicchayaṃ ñatvā ajjhattaṃ sukhamanuyuñjeyyā’’ti (ma. ni. 3.323) ayaṃ <span class="bld">ñāṇavinicchayo</span>. ‘‘Vinicchayoti dve vinicchayā taṇhāvinicchayo ca diṭṭhivinicchayo cā’’ti (mahāni. 102) evaṃ āgatāni aṭṭhasatataṇhāvicaritāni <span class="bld">taṇhāvinicchayo</span><a name="V1.0103"></a>. Dvāsaṭṭhi diṭṭhiyo <span class="bld">diṭṭhivinicchayo</span>. ‘‘Chando kho, devānaminda, vitakkanidāno’’ti (dī. ni. 2.358) imasmiṃ pana sutte idha vinicchayoti vutto vitakkoyeva āgato. Lābhaṃ labhitvā hi iṭṭhāniṭṭhaṃ sundarāsundarañca vitakkeneva vinicchināti ‘‘ettakaṃ me rūpārammaṇatthāya bhavissati, ettakaṃ saddādiārammaṇatthāya, ettakaṃ mayhaṃ bhavissati, ettakaṃ parassa, ettakaṃ paribhuñjissāmi, ettakaṃ nidahissāmī’’ti. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘lābhaṃ paṭicca vinicchayo’’ti. <span class="bld">Chandarāgo</span>ti evaṃ akusalavitakkena vitakkite vatthusmiṃ dubbalarāgo ca balavarāgo ca uppajjati. <span class="bld">Chando</span>ti ettha dubbalarāgassādhivacanaṃ, <span class="bld">rāgo</span>ti balavarāgassa. <span class="bld">Ajjhosāna</span>nti ahaṃ mamāti balavasanniṭṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Pariggaho</span>ti taṇhādiṭṭhivasena pariggahakaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Macchariya</span>nti parehi sādhāraṇabhāvassa asahanatā. Tenevassa porāṇā evaṃ vacanatthaṃ vadanti ‘‘idaṃ acchariyaṃ mayhameva hotu, mā aññassa acchariyaṃ hotūti pavattattā macchariyanti vuccatī’’ti. <span class="bld">Ārakkho</span>ti dvārapidahanamañjūsagopanādivasena suṭṭhu rakkhaṇaṃ. Adhikarotīti adhikaraṇaṃ. Kāraṇassetaṃ <a name="P1.0120"></a> nāmaṃ. <span class="bld">Ārakkhādhikaraṇa</span>nti bhāvanapuṃsakaṃ, ārakkhahetūti attho. Daṇḍādānādīsu paranisedhanatthaṃ daṇḍassa ādānaṃ <span class="bld">daṇḍādānaṃ</span>. Ekatodhārādinā satthassa ādānaṃ <span class="bld">satthādānaṃ</span>. Kāyakalahopi vācākalahopi <span class="bld">kalaho</span>. Purimo purimo virodho <span class="bld">viggaho</span>. Pacchimo pacchimo <span class="bld">vivādo. Tuvaṃtuva</span>nti agāravavasena tuvaṃtuvaṃvacanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dasa micchattā</span>ti micchādiṭṭhi…pe… micchāsamādhi micchāñāṇaṃ micchāvimutti. Tattha <span class="bld">micchāñāṇa</span>nti pāpakiriyāsu upāyacintāvasena pāpaṃ katvā sukataṃ mayāti paccavekkhaṇākārena ca uppanno moho. <span class="bld">Micchāvimuttī</span>ti avimuttasseva sato vimuttisaññitā.</p>
<p class="hangnum"><a name="para24"></a><span class="paranum">24</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"> Idāni <a name="M1.0113"></a> anekabhedena pahānena pahātabbe dassetuṃ <span class="bld">dve pahānānī</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Pahānesu hi viññātesu tena tena pahātabbā dhammā suviññeyyā honti. Pañcasu pahānesu lokikāni ca dve pahānāni appayogaṃ nissaraṇappahānañca ṭhapetvā appayogāneva dve lokuttarapahānāni paṭhamaṃ vuttāni. Sammā ucchijjanti etena kilesāti samucchedo, pahīyanti etena kilesāti pahānaṃ. Samucchedasaṅkhātaṃ pahānaṃ, na sesappahānanti <span class="bld">samucchedappahānaṃ</span>. Kilesānaṃ paṭippassaddhattā paṭippassaddhi, pahīnattā pahānaṃ, paṭippassaddhisaṅkhātaṃ pahānaṃ <span class="bld">paṭippassaddhippahānaṃ</span>. Lokaṃ uttaratīti <span class="bld">lokuttaro</span>. Nibbānasaṅkhātaṃ khayaṃ gacchatīti khayagāmī, khayagāmī ca so maggo cāti <span class="bld">khayagāmimaggo,</span> taṃ bhāvayato so maggo samucchedappahānanti attho. Tathā phalakkhaṇe lokuttaraphalameva paṭippassaddhippahānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāmānametaṃ</span> <a name="V1.0104"></a> <span class="bld">nissaraṇa</span>ntiādīsu kāmato rūpato saṅkhatato nissaranti etenāti <span class="bld">nissaraṇaṃ,</span> tehi vā nissaṭattā nissaraṇaṃ. Asubhajjhānaṃ. Kāmehi nikkhantattā <span class="bld">nekkhammaṃ</span>. Anāgāmimaggo vā. Asubhajjhānañhi vikkhambhanato kāmānaṃ nissaraṇaṃ, taṃ jhānaṃ pādakaṃ katvā uppāditaanāgāmimaggo pana samucchedato sabbaso kāmānaṃ accantanissaraṇaṃ. Ruppatīti rūpaṃ, na rūpaṃ arūpaṃ mittapaṭipakkhā amittā viya, lobhādipaṭipakkhā alobhādayo <a name="P1.0121"></a> viya ca rūpapaṭipakkhoti attho. Phalavasena vā natthettha rūpanti arūpaṃ, arūpameva <span class="bld">āruppaṃ</span>. Arūpajjhānāni. Tāni rūpānaṃ nissaraṇaṃ nāma. Arūpehipi arahattamaggo puna uppattinivāraṇato sabbaso rūpānaṃ nissaraṇaṃ nāma. <span class="bld">Bhūta</span>nti jātaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṅkhata</span>nti paccayehi saṅgamma kataṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭiccasamuppanna</span>nti te te paccaye paṭicca sammā saha ca uppannaṃ. Paṭhamena sañjātattadīpanena aniccatā, dutiyena aniccassāpi sato paccayānubhāvadīpanena parāyattatā, tatiyena parāyattassāpi sato paccayānaṃ abyāpārattadīpanena evaṃdhammatā dīpitā hoti. <span class="bld">Nirodho</span>ti nibbānaṃ. Nibbānañhi āgamma dukkhaṃ nirujjhatīti nirodhoti vuccati. So eva ca sabbasaṅkhatato nissaṭattā tassa saṅkhatassa nissaraṇaṃ nāma. Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ pana –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Nirodho <a name="M1.0114"></a> tassa nissaraṇanti idha arahattaphalaṃ nirodhoti adhippetaṃ. Arahattaphalena hi nibbāne diṭṭhe puna āyatiṃ sabbasaṅkhārā na hontīti arahattasaṅkhātassa nirodhassa paccayattā nirodhoti vutta’’nti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nekkhammaṃ paṭiladdhassā</span>tiādīsu asubhajjhānassa nissaraṇatte vikkhambhanappahānena, anāgāmimaggassa nissaraṇatte samucchedappahānena kāmā pahīnā ceva honti pariccattā ca. Arūpajjhānānaṃ nissaraṇatte ca arahattamaggassa nissaraṇatte ca evameva rūpā yojetabbā. Rūpesu hi chandarāgappahānena rūpānaṃ samucchedo hoti. <span class="bld">Rūpā</span>ti cettha liṅgavipallāso kato. Nibbānassa nissaraṇatte nissaraṇappahānena, arahattaphalassa nissaraṇatte paṭippassaddhippahānena saṅkhārā pahīnā ceva honti pariccattā ca. Nibbānassa ca nissaraṇatte ārammaṇakaraṇavasena paṭilābho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dukkhasacca</span>ntiādīsu <span class="bld">pariññāpaṭivedha</span>ntiādi bhāvanapuṃsakavacanaṃ. Pariññāya paṭivedho pariññāpaṭivedho. Taṃ pariññāpaṭivedhaṃ. Esa nayo sesesupi. <span class="bld">Pajahātī</span>ti tathā tathā paṭivijjhanto pahātabbe kilese pajahatīti attho gahetabbo. Lokiyalokuttaresupi chandarāgappahānena vā tāni pajahatīti attho. Pajahatītipi pāṭho. Yathā nāvā apubbaṃ acarimaṃ ekakkhaṇe <a name="V1.0105"></a> cattāri kiccāni karoti, orimaṃ tīraṃ <a name="P1.0122"></a> pajahati, sotaṃ chindati, bhaṇḍaṃ vahati, pārimaṃ tīraṃ appeti, evamevaṃ maggañāṇaṃ apubbaṃ acarimaṃ ekakkhaṇe cattāri saccāni abhisameti, dukkhaṃ pariññābhisamayena abhisameti, samudayaṃ pahānābhisamayena abhisameti, maggaṃ bhāvanābhisamayena abhisameti, nirodhaṃ sacchikiriyābhisamayena abhisameti. Kiṃ vuttaṃ hoti? ‘‘Nirodhaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā cattāri saccāni pāpuṇāti passati paṭivijjhatī’’ti (visuddhi. 2.839) vuttattā ekakkhaṇepi visuṃ visuṃ viya pahānāni vuttānīti veditabbāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pañcasu pahānesu yaṃ sasevāle udake pakkhittena ghaṭena sevālassa viya tena tena lokiyasamādhinā nīvaraṇādīnaṃ paccanīkadhammānaṃ vikkhambhanaṃ dūrīkaraṇaṃ, idaṃ <span class="bld">vikkhambhanappahānaṃ</span> nāma. <span class="bld">Vikkhambhanappahānañca nīvaraṇānaṃ paṭhamaṃ</span> <a name="M1.0115"></a> <span class="bld">jhānaṃ bhāvayato</span>ti nīvaraṇānaṃyeva pahānaṃ pākaṭattā vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Nīvaraṇāni hi jhānassa pubbabhāgepi pacchābhāgepi na sahasā cittaṃ ajjhottharanti, ajjhotthaṭesu ca tesu jhānaṃ parihāyati, vitakkādayo pana dutiyajjhānādito pubbe pacchā ca appaṭipakkhā hutvā pavattanti. Tasmā nīvaraṇānaṃ vikkhambhanaṃ pākaṭaṃ. Yaṃ pana rattibhāge samujjalitena padīpena andhakārassa viya tena tena vipassanāya avayavabhūtena jhānaṅgena paṭipakkhavaseneva tassa tassa ca pahātabbadhammassa pahānaṃ, idaṃ <span class="bld">tadaṅgappahāna</span>ṃ nāma. <span class="bld">Tadaṅgappahānañca diṭṭhigatānaṃ nibbedhabhāgiyaṃ samādhiṃ bhāvayato</span>ti diṭṭhigatānaṃyeva pahānaṃ oḷārikavasena vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Diṭṭhigatañhi oḷārikaṃ, niccasaññādayo sukhumā. Tattha diṭṭhigatānanti diṭṭhiyeva diṭṭhigataṃ ‘‘gūthagataṃ muttagata’’ntiādīni (a. ni. 9.11) viya. Gantabbābhāvato ca<span class="bld"></span>diṭṭhiyā gatamattamevetantipi diṭṭhigataṃ, dvāsaṭṭhidiṭṭhīsu antogadhattā diṭṭhīsu gatantipi diṭṭhigataṃ. Bahuvacanena tesaṃ diṭṭhigatānaṃ. <span class="bld">Nibbedhabhāgiyaṃ samādhi</span>nti vipassanāsampayuttaṃ samādhiṃ. Yaṃ pana asanivicakkābhihatassa (visuddhi. 2.851) rukkhassa viya ariyamaggañāṇena <a name="P1.0123"></a> saṃyojanānaṃ dhammānaṃ yathā na puna pavattati, evaṃ pahānaṃ, idaṃ <span class="bld">samucchedappahānaṃ</span> nāma. <span class="bld">Nirodho</span> <span class="bld">nibbānanti</span> nirodhasaṅkhātaṃ nibbānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ pahānavasena pahātabbe dhamme dassetvā idāni sarūpeneva puna pahātabbe dhamme dassetuṃ <span class="bld">sabbaṃ, bhikkhave, pahātabba</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha cakkhādīni chandarāgappahānena pahātabbāni. <span class="bld">Rūpaṃ passanto pajahātī</span>tiādīsu rūpaṃ aniccādito passanto pahātabbe kilese pajahāti. <span class="bld">Cakkhuṃ…pe… jarāmaraṇaṃ…pe… amatogadhaṃ nibbāna</span>nti peyyāladvaye anaññātaññassāmītindriyaṃ <a name="V1.0106"></a> ‘‘passanto pajahātī’’tiādīsu tesu lokuttaresu anaññātaññassāmītindriyaṃ passanto udikkhanto apekkhamāno icchamāno vipassanākkhaṇesu pahātabbe kilese pajahātīti taṃtaṃdhammānurūpena yojetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Pahātabbaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Bhāvetabbaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para25"></a><span class="paranum">25</span>. Bhāvetabbaniddese <a name="P1.0124"></a><a name="M1.0116"></a> <span class="bld">kāyagatāsatī</span>ti kāyagatāsatisuttante (ma. ni. 3.153 ādayo) vuttā ānāpānacatuiriyāpathakhuddakairiyāpathadvattiṃsākāracatudhātunavasivathikāpaṭikūla- vavatthāpakamanasikārasampayuttā yathānurūpaṃ rūpajjhānasampayuttā ca sati. Sā hi tesu kāyesu gatā pavattāti kāyagatāti vuccati. <span class="bld">Sātasahagatā</span>ti madhurasukhavedayitasaṅkhātena sātena saha ekuppādādibhāvaṃ gatā. Tabbhāve vokiṇṇe ārammaṇe nissaye saṃsaṭṭhe dissati <span class="bld">sahagata</span>saddo pañcasu atthesu jinavacane. ‘‘Yāyaṃ taṇhā ponobbhavikā nandirāgasahagatā’’ti (vibha. 203) ettha tabbhāve, nandirāgabhūtāti attho. ‘‘Yā, bhikkhave, vīmaṃsā kosajjasahagatā kosajjasampayuttā’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.832) ettha vokiṇṇe, antarantarā uppajjamānena kosajjena vokiṇṇāti attho. ‘‘Lābhī hoti rūpasahagatānaṃ vā samāpattīnaṃ arūpasahagatānaṃ vā samāpattīna’’nti (pu. pa. 3-8) ettha ārammaṇe, rūpārūpārammaṇānanti attho. ‘‘Aṭṭhikasaññāsahagataṃ satisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāvetī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.238) ettha nissaye, aṭṭhikasaññānissayaṃ aṭṭhikasaññaṃ bhāvetvā paṭiladdhanti attho. ‘‘Idaṃ sukhaṃ imāya pītiyā sahagataṃ hoti sahajātaṃ sampayutta’’nti (vibha. 578) ettha saṃsaṭṭhe, sammissanti attho. Imasmimpi pade saṃsaṭṭho adhippeto. Sātasaṃsaṭṭhā hi sātasahagatāti vuttā. Sā hi ṭhapetvā catutthaṃ jhānaṃ sesesu sātasahagatā hoti, satipi ca upekkhāsahagatatte yebhuyyavasena sātasahagatāti vuttā, purimajjhānamūlakattā vā catutthajjhānassa sātasahagatāya upekkhāsahagatāpi vuttāva hoti<a name="P1.0125"></a>, upekkhāya pana sante sukhe vuttattā bhagavatā sātasahagatāti catutthajjhānasampayuttāpi vuttāva hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samatho ca vipassanā cā</span>ti kāmacchandādayo paccanīkadhamme sameti vināsetīti samatho. Samādhissetaṃ nāmaṃ. Aniccatādivasena vividhehi ākārehi dhamme passatīti vipassanā. Paññāyetaṃ nāmaṃ. Ime pana dve dasuttarapariyāye pubbabhāgāti vuttā, saṅgītipariyāye ca lokiyalokuttaramissakāti. <span class="bld">Tayo samādhī</span>ti savitakko savicāro samādhi<a name="M1.0117"></a>, avitakko vicāramatto <a name="V1.0107"></a> samādhi, avitakko avicāro samādhi. Sampayogavasena vattamānena saha vitakkena savitakko, saha vicārena savicāro. So khaṇikasamādhi, vipassanāsamādhi, upacārasamādhi, paṭhamajjhānasamādhi. Natthi etassa vitakkoti avitakko. Vitakkavicāresu vicāro mattā paramā pamāṇaṃ etassāti vicāramatto, vicārato uttari vitakkena sampayogaṃ na gacchatīti attho. So pañcakanaye dutiyajjhānasamādhi, tadubhayavirahito avitakko avicāro samādhi. So catukkanaye dutiyajjhānādi, pañcakanaye tatiyajjhānādi rūpāvacarasamādhi. Ime tayopi lokiyā eva. Saṅgītipariyāye aparepi tayo samādhī vuttā – ‘‘suññato samādhi, animitto samādhi, appaṇihito samādhī’’ti (dī. ni. 3.305). Na te idha adhippetā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cattāro satipaṭṭhānā</span>ti kāyānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānaṃ, vedanānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānaṃ, cittānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānaṃ, dhammānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānaṃ. Pubbabhāge cuddasavidhena kāyaṃ pariggaṇhato kāyānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānaṃ, navavidhena vedanaṃ pariggaṇhato vedanānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānaṃ, soḷasavidhena cittaṃ pariggaṇhato cittānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānaṃ, pañcavidhena dhamme pariggaṇhato dhammānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānaṃ veditabbaṃ. Lokuttaraṃ pana idha na adhippetaṃ. <span class="bld">Pañcaṅgiko samādhī</span>ti pañca aṅgāni assa santīti pañcaṅgiko, catutthajjhānasamādhi. Pītipharaṇatā, sukhapharaṇatā, cetopharaṇatā, ālokapharaṇatā, paccavekkhaṇanimittanti <a name="P1.0126"></a> pañca aṅgāni. Pītiṃ pharamānā uppajjatīti dvīsu jhānesu paññā <span class="bld">pītipharaṇatā</span> nāma. Sukhaṃ pharamānā uppajjatīti tīsu jhānesu paññā <span class="bld">sukhapharaṇatā</span> nāma. Paresaṃ ceto pharamānā uppajjatīti cetopariyapaññā <span class="bld">cetopharaṇatā</span> nāma. Ālokaṃ pharamānā uppajjatīti dibbacakkhupaññā <span class="bld">ālokapharaṇatā</span> nāma. Paccavekkhaṇañāṇaṃ <span class="bld">paccavekkhaṇanimittaṃ</span> nāma. Vuttampi cetaṃ –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Dvīsu jhānesu paññā pītipharaṇatā, tīsu jhānesu paññā sukhapharaṇatā, paracittapaññā cetopharaṇatā, dibbacakkhupaññā ālokapharaṇatā, tamhā tamhā samādhimhā vuṭṭhitassa paccavekkhaṇañāṇaṃ paccavekkhaṇanimitta’’nti (vibha. 804).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tañhi <a name="M1.0118"></a> vuṭṭhitasamādhissa pavattākāragahaṇato nimittanti vuttaṃ. Tattha ca pītipharaṇatā sukhapharaṇatā dve pādā viya, cetopharaṇatā ālokapharaṇatā dve hatthā viya, abhiññāpādakaṃ catutthajjhānaṃ majjhimakāyo viya, paccavekkhaṇanimittaṃ sīsaṃ viya. Iti āyasmā dhammasenāpati <a name="V1.0108"></a> sāriputtatthero pañcaṅgikaṃ sammāsamādhiṃ aṅgapaccaṅgasampannaṃ purisaṃ viya katvā dassesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cha anussatiṭṭhānānī</span>ti punappunaṃ uppajjanato satiyo eva anussatiyo, pavattitabbaṭṭhānasmiṃyeva pavattattā saddhāpabbajitassa kulaputtassa anurūpā satiyotipi anussatiyo, anussatiyo eva pītiādīnaṃ ṭhānattā anussatiṭṭhānāni. Katamāni cha? Buddhānussati dhammānussati saṅghānussati sīlānussati cāgānussati devatānussati (dī. ni. 3.327). <span class="bld">Bojjhaṅgā</span>ti bodhiyā, bodhissa vā aṅgā. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – yā esā dhammasāmaggī yāya lokuttaramaggakkhaṇe uppajjamānāya līnuddhaccapatiṭṭhānāyūhanakāmasukhattakilamathānuyogaucchedasassatābhinivesādīnaṃ anekesaṃ upaddavānaṃ paṭipakkhabhūtāya satidhammavicayavīriyapītipassaddhisamādhiupekkhāsaṅkhātāya dhammasāmaggiyā ariyasāvako bujjhatīti katvā bodhīti vuccati. <span class="bld">Bujjhatī</span>ti kilesasantānaniddāya vuṭṭhahati, cattāri vā ariyasaccāni paṭivijjhati, nibbānameva vā sacchikaroti, tassā dhammasāmaggisaṅkhātāya bodhiyā aṅgātipi bojjhaṅgā jhānaṅgamaggaṅgādayo <a name="P1.0127"></a> viya. Yo panesa yathāvuttappakārāya etāya dhammasāmaggiyā bujjhatīti katvā ariyasāvako bodhīti vuccati, tassa bodhissa aṅgātipi bojjhaṅgā senaṅgarathaṅgādayo viya. Tenāhu aṭṭhakathācariyā ‘‘bujjhanakassa puggalassa aṅgāti vā bojjhaṅgā’’ti. Apica ‘‘bojjhaṅgāti kenaṭṭhena bojjhaṅgā, bodhāya saṃvattantīti bojjhaṅgā’’tiādinā (paṭi. ma. 2.17) nayena bojjhaṅgaṭṭho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo</span>ti taṃtaṃmaggavajjhakilesehi ārakattā ariyabhāvakarattā ariyaphalapaṭilābhakarattā ca ariyo. Aṭṭha aṅgāni assāti aṭṭhaṅgiko. Soyaṃ caturaṅgikā viya senā, pañcaṅgikaṃ viya ca tūriyaṃ aṅgamattameva hoti, aṅgavinimutto natthi. Bojjhaṅgamaggaṅgā lokuttarā, dasuttarapariyāyena pubbabhāgāpi labbhanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nava</span> <a name="M1.0119"></a> <span class="bld">pārisuddhipadhāniyaṅgānī</span>ti sīlavisuddhi pārisuddhipadhāniyaṅgaṃ, cittavisuddhi pārisuddhipadhāniyaṅgaṃ, diṭṭhivisuddhi pārisuddhipadhāniyaṅgaṃ, kaṅkhāvitaraṇavisuddhi pārisuddhipadhāniyaṅgaṃ, maggāmaggañāṇadassanavisuddhi pārisuddhipadhāniyaṅgaṃ, paṭipadāñāṇadassanavisuddhi pārisuddhipadhāniyaṅgaṃ, ñāṇadassanavisuddhi pārisuddhipadhāniyaṅgaṃ, paññā pārisuddhipadhāniyaṅgaṃ, vimutti pārisuddhipadhāniyaṅgaṃ (dī. ni. 3.359). <span class="bld">Sīlavisuddhī</span>ti visuddhiṃ pāpetuṃ samatthaṃ catupārisuddhisīlaṃ. Tañhi dussīlyamalaṃ visodheti. <span class="bld">Pārisuddhipadhāniyaṅga</span>nti parisuddhabhāvassa padhānaṃ uttamaṃ aṅgaṃ. <span class="bld">Cittavisuddhī</span>ti vipassanāya padaṭṭhānabhūtā paguṇā <a name="V1.0109"></a> aṭṭha samāpattiyo. Tā hi kāmacchandādicittamalaṃ visodhenti. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhivisuddhī</span>ti sappaccayanāmarūpadassanaṃ. Tañhi sattadiṭṭhimalaṃ visodheti. <span class="bld">Kaṅkhāvitaraṇavisuddhī</span>ti paccayākārañāṇaṃ. Tena hi tīsu addhāsu paccayavasena dhammā pavattantīti passanto tīsupi addhāsu sattakaṅkhāmalaṃ vitaranto visujjhati. <span class="bld">Maggāmaggañāṇadassanavisuddhī</span>ti udayabbayānupassanakkhaṇe uppannā obhāsañāṇapītipassaddhisukhaadhimokkhapaggahaupaṭṭhānaupekkhānikantīti <a name="P1.0128"></a> dasa vipassanupakkilesā, na maggo, vīthipaṭipannaṃ udayabbayañāṇaṃ maggoti evaṃ maggāmagge ñāṇaṃ nāma. Tena hi amaggamalaṃ visodheti. <span class="bld">Paṭipadāñāṇadassanavisuddhī</span>ti vīthipaṭipannaṃ udayabbayānupassanāñāṇaṃ bhaṅgānupassanāñāṇaṃ bhayatupaṭṭhānānupassanāñāṇaṃ ādīnavānupassanāñāṇaṃ nibbidānupassanāñāṇaṃ muñcitukamyatāñāṇaṃ paṭisaṅkhānupassanāñāṇaṃ saṅkhārupekkhāñāṇaṃ anulomañāṇanti imāni nava vipassanāñāṇāni. Tāni hi niccasaññādimalaṃ visodhenti. <span class="bld">Ñāṇadassanavisuddhī</span>ti catuariyamaggapaññā. Sā hi samucchedato sakasakamaggavajjhakilesamalaṃ visodheti. <span class="bld">Paññā</span>ti arahattaphalapaññā. <span class="bld">Vimuttī</span>ti arahattaphalavimutti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dasa kasiṇāyatanānī</span>ti ‘‘pathavīkasiṇameko sañjānāti uddhaṃ adho tiriyaṃ advayaṃ appamāṇaṃ, āpokasiṇameko sañjānāti…pe… tejokasiṇameko sañjānāti…pe… vāyokasiṇameko sañjānāti…pe… nīlakasiṇameko sañjānāti…pe… pītakasiṇameko sañjānāti…pe… lohitakasiṇameko sañjānāti…pe… odātakasiṇameko sañjānāti…pe… ākāsakasiṇameko sañjānāti…pe… viññāṇakasiṇameko sañjānāti uddhaṃ adho tiriyaṃ advayaṃ appamāṇa’’nti (a. ni. 10.25; dī. ni. 3.360) evaṃ vuttāni dasa. Etāni <a name="M1.0120"></a> hi sakalapharaṇaṭṭhena kasiṇāni, tadārammaṇānaṃ dhammānaṃ khettaṭṭhena adhiṭṭhānaṭṭhena vā āyatanāni. <span class="bld">Uddha</span>nti uparigaganatalābhimukhaṃ. <span class="bld">Adho</span>ti heṭṭhābhūmitalābhimukhaṃ. <span class="bld">Tiriya</span>nti khettamaṇḍalamiva samantā paricchinnaṃ. Ekacco hi uddhameva kasiṇaṃ vaḍḍheti ekacco adho, ekacco samantato. Ekopi tena tena vā kāraṇena evaṃ pasāreti ālokamiva rūpadassanakāmo. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘pathavīkasiṇameko sañjānāti uddhaṃ adho tiriya’’nti (a. ni. 10.25; dī. ni. 3.360). <span class="bld">Advaya</span>nti idaṃ pana ekassa aññabhāvānupagamanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Yathā hi udakaṃ paviṭṭhassa sabbadisāsu udakameva hoti na aññaṃ, evameva pathavīkasiṇaṃ pathavīkasiṇameva hoti, natthi tassa aññakasiṇasambhedoti. Esa nayo sabbattha. <span class="bld">Appamāṇa</span>nti idaṃ tassa tassa pharaṇaappamāṇavasena <a name="P1.0129"></a> vuttaṃ. Tañhi manasā pharanto sakalameva pharati, na ‘‘ayamassa ādi idaṃ majjha’’nti pamāṇaṃ gaṇhātīti. <span class="bld">Ākāsakasiṇa</span>nti kasiṇugghāṭimākāso paricchedākāsakasiṇañca. <span class="bld">Viññāṇakasiṇa</span>nti kasiṇugghāṭimākāse <a name="V1.0110"></a> pavattaviññāṇaṃ. Tattha kasiṇavasena kasiṇugghāṭimākāse, kasiṇugghāṭimākāsavasena tattha pavattaviññāṇe uddhaṃadhotiriyatā veditabbā, paricchedākāsakasiṇassapi vaḍḍhanīyattā tassa vasenapīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para26"></a><span class="paranum">26</span>. Idāni bhāvanāpabhedaṃ dassento <span class="bld">dve bhāvanā</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">lokiyā</span>tiādīsu loko vuccati lujjanapalujjanaṭṭhena vaṭṭaṃ, tasmiṃ pariyāpannabhāvena loke niyuttāti lokiyā, lokiyānaṃ dhammānaṃ bhāvanā lokiyā. Kiñcāpi dhammānaṃ bhāvanāti vohāravasena vuccati, tehi pana visuṃ bhāvanā natthi. Te eva hi dhammā bhāviyamānā <span class="bld">bhāvanā</span>ti vuccanti. Uttiṇṇāti uttarā, loke apariyāpannabhāvena lokato uttarāti <span class="bld">lokuttarā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Rūpabhavasaṅkhāte rūpe avacarantīti <span class="bld">rūpāvacarā. Kusala</span>saddo panettha ārogyaanavajjachekasukhavipākesu dissati. ‘‘Kacci nu bhoto kusalaṃ? Kacci bhoto anāmaya’’ntiādīsu (jā. 1.15.146; 2.20.129) ārogye. ‘‘Katamo pana, bhante, kāyasamācāro kusalo? Yo kho, mahārāja, kāyasamācāro anavajjo’’ti (ma. ni. 2.361) ca ‘‘puna caparaṃ, bhante, etadānuttariyaṃ, yathā bhagavā dhammaṃ deseti kusalesu dhammesū’’ti (dī. ni. 3.145) ca evamādīsu anavajje. ‘‘Taṃ <a name="M1.0121"></a> kiṃ maññasi, rājakumāra, kusalo tvaṃ rathassa aṅgapaccaṅgāna’’nti? (Ma. ni. 2.87) ‘‘kusalā naccagītassa sikkhitā cāturitthiyo’’ti (jā. 2.22.94) ca ādīsu cheke. ‘‘Kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ samādānahetu evamidaṃ puññaṃ pavaḍḍhatī’’ti (dī. ni. 3.80) ‘‘kusalassa kammassa katattā upacitattā’’ti (dha. sa. 431) ca ādīsu sukhavipāke. Svāyamidha ārogyepi anavajjepi sukhavipākepi vaṭṭati. Vacanattho panettha kucchite pāpake dhamme salayanti calayanti kampenti viddhaṃsentīti kusalā, kucchitena vā ākārena sayanti <a name="P1.0130"></a> pavattantīti kusā, te akusalasaṅkhāte kuse lunanti chindantīti kusalā, kucchitānaṃ vā sānato tanukaraṇato kusaṃ, ñāṇaṃ. Tena kusena lātabbā gahetabbā pavattetabbāti kusalā, yathā vā kusā ubhayabhāgagataṃ hatthappadesaṃ lunanti, evamimepi uppannānuppannabhāvena ubhayabhāgagataṃ saṃkilesapakkhaṃ lunanti, tasmā kusā viya lunantīti kusalā. Tesaṃ <span class="bld">rūpāvacarakusalānaṃ bhāvanā</span>. Arūpabhavasaṅkhāte arūpe avacarantīti <span class="bld">arūpāvacarā</span>. Tebhūmakavaṭṭe pariyāpannā antogadhāti pariyāpannā, tasmiṃ na pariyāpannāti <span class="bld">apariyāpannā,</span> lokuttarā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāmāvacarakusalānaṃ <a name="V1.0111"></a> dhammānaṃ bhāvanā kasmā na vuttāti ce? Appanāppattāya eva bhāvanāya abhidhamme bhāvanāti adhippetattā. Vuttañhi tattha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Yogavihitesu vā kammāyatanesu yogavihitesu vā sippāyatanesu yogavihitesu vā vijjāṭṭhānesu kammassakataṃ vā saccānulomikaṃ vā rūpaṃ aniccanti vā, vedanā aniccāti vā, saññā aniccāti vā, saṅkhārā aniccāti vā, viññāṇaṃ aniccanti vā yaṃ evarūpaṃ anulomikaṃ khantiṃ diṭṭhiṃ ruciṃ mudiṃ pekkhaṃ dhammanijjhānakkhantiṃ parato asutvā paṭilabhati, ayaṃ vuccati cintāmayā paññā. Yogavihitesu vā kammāyatanesu…pe… dhammanijjhānakkhantiṃ parato sutvā paṭilabhati, ayaṃ vuccati sutamayā paññā. Sabbāpi samāpannassa paññā bhāvanāmayā paññā’’ti (vibha. 768).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sā <a name="M1.0122"></a> pana kāmāvacarabhāvanā āvajjanabhavaṅgapātehi antaritattā bhāvanāti na vuttāti veditabbā. Sabbesaṃ pana puññānaṃ tividhapuññakiriyavatthūnaṃ antogadhattā upacārasamādhivipassanāsamādhīnaṃ bhāvanāmayapuññatā siddhā. Idha pana lokiyabhāvanāya eva saṅgahitā. Rūpārūpāvacarānaṃ tividhabhāve <span class="bld">hīnā</span>ti lāmakā. Hīnuttamānaṃ majjhe bhavā <span class="bld">majjhā,</span> majjhimātipi pāṭho. Padhānabhāvaṃ nītāti <span class="bld">paṇītā,</span> uttamāti attho. Āyūhanavasena ayaṃ hīnamajjhimapaṇītatā veditabbā. Yassā hi āyūhanakkhaṇe <a name="P1.0131"></a> chando vā hīno hoti vīriyaṃ vā cittaṃ vā vīmaṃsā vā, sā hīnā nāma. Yassā te dhammā majjhimā, sā majjhimā nāma. Yassā te dhammā paṇītā, sā paṇītā nāma. Mudukehi vā indriyehi sampayuttā hīnā nāma, majjhimehi indriyehi sampayuttā majjhimā, adhimattehi indriyehi sampayuttā paṇītā nāma. Apariyāpannāya hīnamajjhimattābhāvā paṇītatā eva vuttā. Sā hi uttamaṭṭhena atappakaṭṭhena ca paṇītā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para27"></a><span class="paranum">27</span>. Paṭhamabhāvanācatukke <span class="bld">bhāvetī</span>ti ekasmiṃyeva khaṇe tathā tathā paṭivijjhanto ariyamaggaṃ bhāveti. Dutiyabhāvanācatukke <span class="bld">esanābhāvanā</span>ti appanāpubbabhāge bhāvanā. Sā hi appanaṃ esanti etāyāti esanāti vuttā. <span class="bld">Paṭilābhabhāvanā</span>ti appanābhāvanā. Sā hi tāya esanāya paṭilabbhatīti paṭilābhoti vuttā. <span class="bld">Ekarasābhāvanā</span>ti paṭilābhe vasībhāvaṃ pattukāmassa payogakāle bhāvanā. Sā hi tena tena pahānena tehi tehi kilesehi vimuttattā vimuttirasena ekarasāti katvā ekarasāti vuttā. <span class="bld">Āsevanābhāvanā</span>ti paṭilābhe vasippattassa yathāruci <a name="V1.0112"></a> paribhogakāle bhāvanā. Sā hi bhusaṃ sevīyatīti āsevanāti vuttā. Keci pana ‘‘āsevanābhāvanā vasīkammaṃ, ekarasābhāvanā sabbatthikā’’ti vaṇṇayanti. Catukkavibhāge <span class="bld">samādhiṃ samāpajjantāna</span>nti vattamānasamīpe vattamānavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Tattha jātā</span>ti tasmiṃ pubbabhāge jātā. <span class="bld">Ekarasā hontī</span>ti appanuppādane samānakiccā honti. <span class="bld">Samādhiṃ samāpannāna</span>nti appitappanānaṃ. <span class="bld">Tattha jātā</span>ti tassā appanāya jātā. <span class="bld">Aññamaññaṃ nātivattantī</span>ti samappavattiyā aññamaññaṃ nātikkamanti. <span class="bld">Adhimokkhaṭṭhena</span> <span class="bld">saddhindriyaṃ</span> <a name="M1.0123"></a> <span class="bld">bhāvayato</span>tiādīsu ekakkhaṇepi ekekassa indriyassa sakasakakiccakaraṇe taṃtaṃnissayavasena sakasakakiccakārakāni sesānipi indriyāni vimuttirasena ekarasā hontīti vimuttiraseneva ekarasaṭṭhena bhāvanā. Balabojjhaṅgamaggaṅgesupi eseva nayo. Ekarasāti ca liṅgavipallāso kato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Idha bhikkhū</span>ti imasmiṃ sāsane bhikkhu. Saṃsāre bhayaṃ ikkhatīti bhikkhu. <span class="bld">Pubbaṇhasamaya</span>ntiādīsu accantasaṃyogatthe upayogavacanaṃ, atthato pana bhummameva<a name="P1.0132"></a>, divasassa pubbakāleti attho. <span class="bld">Āsevatī</span>ti vasippattaṃ samādhiṃ bhusaṃ sevati. <span class="bld">Majjhanhikasamaya</span>nti divasassa majjhakāle. <span class="bld">Sāyanhasamaya</span>nti divasassa sāyanhakāle. <span class="bld">Purebhatta</span>nti divābhattato purekāle. <span class="bld">Pacchābhatta</span>nti divābhattato pacchākāle. <span class="bld">Purimepi yāme</span>ti rattiyā paṭhame koṭṭhāse. <span class="bld">Kāḷe</span>ti kāḷapakkhe. <span class="bld">Juṇhe</span>ti sukkapakkhe. <span class="bld">Purimepi vayokhandhe</span>ti paṭhame vayokoṭṭhāse, paṭhamavayeti attho. Tīsu ca vayesu vassasatāyukassa purisassa ekekasmiṃ vaye catumāsādhikāni tettiṃsa vassāni honti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para28"></a><span class="paranum">28</span>. Tatiyabhāvanācatukke <span class="bld">tattha jātānaṃ dhammānaṃ anativattanaṭṭhenā</span>ti tattha nekkhammādīsu bhāvanāvisesesu jātānaṃ samādhipaññāsaṅkhātānaṃ yuganaddhadhammānaṃ aññamaññaṃ anatikkamanabhāvena. <span class="bld">Indriyānaṃ ekarasaṭṭhenā</span>ti tattheva saddhādīnaṃ indriyānaṃ nānākilesehi vimuttattā vimuttirasena ekarasabhāvena. <span class="bld">Tadupagavīriyavāhanaṭṭhenā</span>ti tesaṃ anativattanaekarasabhāvānaṃ anucchavikassa vīriyassa vāhanabhāvena. <span class="bld">Āsevanaṭṭhenā</span>ti yā tassa tasmiṃ samaye pavattā āsevanā. Tassā āsevanāya āsevanabhāvena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rūpasañña</span>nti kusalavipākakiriyavasena pañcadasavidhaṃ rūpāvacarajjhānasaṅkhātaṃ rūpasaññaṃ. Rūpāvacarajjhānampi hi rūpanti vuccati ‘‘rūpī rūpāni passatī’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 2.174; a. ni. 8.66; dha. sa. 248), tassa jhānassa ārammaṇampi ‘‘bahiddhā rūpāni passati suvaṇṇadubbaṇṇānī’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 2.173; a. ni. 8.65-66; dha. sa. 247, 249). Rūpāvacarajjhānañhi <a name="V1.0113"></a> saññāsīsena rūpe saññāti katvā rūpasaññāti vuccati. <span class="bld">Paṭighasañña</span>nti kusalavipākā pañca, akusalavipākā pañcāti evaṃ dasavidhaṃ paṭighasaññaṃ. Dvipañcaviññāṇasampayuttā hi saññā <a name="M1.0124"></a> cakkhādīnaṃ vatthūnaṃ rūpādīnaṃ ārammaṇānañca paṭighātena uppannattā paṭighasaññāti vuccati. Rūpasaññā saddasaññā gandhasaññā rasasaññā phoṭṭhabbasaññātipi etissā eva nāmaṃ. <span class="bld">Nānattasañña</span>nti aṭṭha kāmāvacarakusalasaññā, dvādasa akusalasaññā<a name="P1.0133"></a>, ekādasa kāmāvacarakusalavipākasaññā, dve akusalavipākasaññā, ekādasa kāmāvacarakiriyasaññāti evaṃ catucattālīsavidhaṃ nānattasaññaṃ. Sā hi nānatte nānāsabhāve rūpasaddādibhede gocare pavattā saññāti nānattasaññā, catucattālīsabhedato nānattā nānāsabhāvā aññamaññaṃ asadisā saññāti vā nānattasaññāti vuccati. Saññābahukattepi jātiggahaṇena ekavacanaṃ kataṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Niccasañña</span>nti niccanti saññaṃ niccasaññaṃ. Evaṃ sukhasaññaṃ attasaññaṃ. <span class="bld">Nandi</span>nti sappītikaṃ taṇhaṃ. <span class="bld">Rāga</span>nti nippītikaṃ taṇhaṃ. <span class="bld">Samudaya</span>nti rāgassa samudayaṃ. Atha vā bhaṅgānupassanāya bhaṅgasseva dassanato saṅkhārānaṃ udayaṃ. <span class="bld">Ādāna</span>nti nibbattanavasena kilesānaṃ, adosadassāvitāya saṅkhatārammaṇassa vā ādānaṃ. <span class="bld">Ghanasañña</span>nti santativasena ghananti saññaṃ. <span class="bld">Āyūhana</span>nti saṅkhārānaṃ atthāya payogakaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Dhuvasañña</span>nti thiranti saññaṃ. <span class="bld">Nimitta</span>nti niccanimittaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṇidhi</span>nti sukhapatthanaṃ. <span class="bld">Abhinivesa</span>nti atthi attāti abhinivesaṃ. <span class="bld">Sārādānābhinivesa</span>nti niccasārattasāragahaṇābhinivesaṃ. <span class="bld">Sammohābhinivesa</span>nti ‘‘ahosiṃ nu kho ahaṃ atītamaddhāna’’ntiādivasena (saṃ. ni. 2.20) ‘‘issarato loko sambhotī’’tiādivasena ca sammohābhinivesaṃ. <span class="bld">Ālayābhinivesa</span>nti ādīnavādassanena allīyitabbamidanti abhinivesaṃ. <span class="bld">Appaṭisaṅkha</span>nti anupāyagahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Saññogābhinivesa</span>nti kāmayogādikaṃ kilesappavattiṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Diṭṭhekaṭṭhe</span>ti diṭṭhīhi saha ekasmiṃ ṭhitāti diṭṭhekaṭṭhā. Te diṭṭhekaṭṭhe. Kilesenti upatāpenti, vibādhenti vāti kilesā. Te kilese. Duvidhañhi ekaṭṭhaṃ pahānekaṭṭhaṃ sahajekaṭṭhañca. Pahānekaṭṭhaṃ sakkāyadiṭṭhipamukhāhi tesaṭṭhiyā diṭṭhīhi saha (paṭi. ma. aṭṭha. 2.1.118) yāva sotāpattimaggena pahānā, tāva ekasmiṃ puggale ṭhitāti attho. Idamidhādhippetaṃ. Dasasu hi kilesesu idha diṭṭhikilesoyeva āgato. Sesesu pana apāyagamanīyo lobho doso moho māno vicikicchā thinaṃ <a name="M1.0125"></a> uddhaccaṃ <a name="P1.0134"></a> ahirikaṃ anottappanti nava kilesā diṭṭhiyā saha pahānekaṭṭhā hutvā sotāpattimaggena pahīyanti, rāgadosamohapamukhesu <a name="V1.0114"></a> vā diyaḍḍhesu kilesasahassesu sotāpattimaggena diṭṭhiyā pahīyamānāya diṭṭhiyā saha apāyagamanīyā sabbakilesā pahānekaṭṭhavasena pahīyanti, sahajekaṭṭhe diṭṭhiyā saha ekasmiṃ citte ṭhitāti attho. Sotāpattimaggena hi dvīsu diṭṭhisampayuttaasaṅkhārikacittesu pahīyamānesu tehi sahajāto lobho moho uddhaccaṃ ahirikaṃ anottappanti ime kilesā sahajekaṭṭhavasena pahīyanti, dvīsu diṭṭhisampayuttasasaṅkhārikacittesu pahīyamānesu tehi sahajāto lobho moho thinaṃ uddhaccaṃ ahirikaṃ anottappanti ime kilesā sahajekaṭṭhavasena pahīyanti. <span class="bld">Oḷārike kilese</span>ti oḷārikabhūte kāmarāgabyāpāde. <span class="bld">Anusahagate kilese</span>ti sukhumabhūte kāmarāgabyāpāde. <span class="bld">Sabbakilese</span>ti maggattayena pahīnāvasese.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vīriyaṃ vāhetī</span>ti yogāvacaro vīriyaṃ pavatteti. Heṭṭhā esanāpaṭilābhaekarasaāsevanavacanāni bhāvanānaṃ visesadassanatthaṃ vuttāni ‘‘evaṃbhūtā ca bhāvanā’’ti. Idha ‘‘tattha jātānaṃ dhammānaṃ anativattanaṭṭhena indriyānaṃ ekarasaṭṭhena tadupagavīriyavāhanaṭṭhena āsevanaṭṭhenā’’ti vacanāni bhāvanāhetudassanatthaṃ vuttāni ‘‘iminā ca iminā ca hetunā bhāvanā’’ti. Heṭṭhā āsevanābhāvanāti nānākkhaṇavasena vuttā, idha āsevanaṭṭhena bhāvanāti ekakkhaṇavasenāti viseso. <span class="bld">Rūpaṃ passanto bhāvetī</span>tiādīsu rūpādīni passitabbākārena passanto bhāvetabbaṃ bhāvanaṃ bhāvetīti attho. <span class="bld">Ekarasā hontī</span>ti vimuttirasena, kiccarasena vā ekarasā honti. <span class="bld">Vimuttiraso</span>ti sampattiraso. Kiccasampattiatthena raso nāma pavuccatīti hi vuttanti.</p>
<p class="centered">Bhāvetabbaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Sacchikātabbaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para29"></a><span class="paranum">29</span>. Sacchikātabbaniddese <a name="P1.0135"></a> dasa ekuttaravissajjanāni paṭilābhasacchikiriyāvasena vuttāni. Tattha <span class="bld">akuppā cetovimuttī</span>ti arahattaphalavimutti. Sā hi na kuppati na calati na parihāyatīti akuppā, sabbakilesehi cittassa <a name="M1.0126"></a> vimuttattā cetovimuttīti vuccati. <span class="bld">Vijjā</span>ti tisso vijjā. <span class="bld">Vimuttī</span>ti dasuttarapariyāyena arahattaphalaṃ vuttaṃ, saṅgītipariyāyena pana ‘‘vimuttīti dve vimuttiyo cittassa ca adhimutti nibbānañcā’’ti (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 3.304) vuttaṃ. Ettha ca aṭṭha samāpattiyo nīvaraṇādīhi suṭṭhu vimuttattā vimutti nāma, nibbānaṃ <a name="V1.0115"></a> sabbasaṅkhatato vimuttattā vimutti nāma. <span class="bld">Tisso vijjā</span>ti pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇaṃ vijjā sattānaṃ cutūpapāte ñāṇaṃ vijjā āsavānaṃ khaye ñāṇaṃ vijjā. Tamavijjhanaṭṭhena vijjā, viditakaraṇaṭṭhenāpi vijjā. Pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇañhi uppajjamānaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ chādetvā ṭhitaṃ tamaṃ vijjhati, pubbenivāsañca viditaṃ karotīti vijjā. Cutūpapāte ñāṇaṃ cutipaṭisandhicchādakaṃ tamaṃ vijjhati, cutūpapātañca viditaṃ karotīti vijjā. Āsavānaṃ khaye ñāṇaṃ catusaccacchādakaṃ tamaṃ vijjhati, catusaccadhamme ca viditaṃ karotīti vijjā. <span class="bld">Cattāri sāmaññaphalānī</span>ti sotāpattiphalaṃ, sakadāgāmiphalaṃ, anāgāmiphalaṃ, arahattaphalaṃ. Pāpadhamme sameti vināsetīti samaṇo, samaṇassa bhāvo sāmaññaṃ. Catunnaṃ ariyamaggānametaṃ nāmaṃ. Sāmaññassa phalāni sāmaññaphalāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pañca dhammakkhandhā</span>ti sīlakkhandho, samādhikkhandho, paññākkhandho, vimuttikkhandho, vimuttiñāṇadassanakkhandho. <span class="bld">Dhammakkhandhā</span>ti dhammavibhāgā dhammakoṭṭhāsā. <span class="bld">Sīlakkhandhā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo. Lokiyalokuttarā sīlasamādhipaññā eva sīlasamādhipaññākkhandhā<a name="P1.0136"></a>. Samucchedapaṭippassaddhinissaraṇavimuttiyo eva vimuttikkhandho. Tividhā vimuttipaccavekkhaṇā eva vimuttiñāṇadassanakkhandho. So lokiyo eva. Jānanaṭṭhena ñāṇameva dassanaṭṭhena dassananti ñāṇadassanaṃ, vimuttīnaṃ ñāṇadassanaṃ vimuttiñāṇadassananti vuccati. Vikkhambhanatadaṅgavimuttiyo pana samādhipaññākkhandheheva saṅgahitā. Ime pañca dhammakkhandhā sekkhānaṃ sekkhā, asekkhānaṃ asekkhāti vuttā. Etesu hi lokiyā ca nissaraṇavimutti ca nevasekkhānāsekkhā. Sekkhā hontāpi sekkhānaṃ ime iti sekkhā, asekkhānaṃ ime iti asekkhāti vuccanti. ‘‘Sekkhena vimuttikkhandhena samannāgato hotī’’ti ettha pana nissaraṇavimuttiyā ārammaṇakaraṇavasena samannāgatoti veditabbo. <span class="bld">Cha abhiññā</span>ti cha adhikāni ñāṇāni. Katamā cha? Iddhividhañāṇaṃ<a name="M1.0127"></a>, dibbasotadhātuñāṇaṃ, pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇaṃ, cetopariyañāṇaṃ, dibbacakkhuñāṇaṃ, āsavānaṃ khaye ñāṇanti imā cha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Satta khīṇāsavabalānī</span>ti khīṇā āsavā assāti khīṇāsavo, khīṇāsavassa balāni khīṇāsavabalāni. Katamāni satta? Vuttāni bhagavatā –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Idha, bhikkhave, khīṇāsavassa bhikkhuno aniccato sabbe saṅkhārā yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya sudiṭṭhā honti. Yampi, bhikkhave, khīṇāsavassa bhikkhuno aniccato sabbe saṅkhārā yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya sudiṭṭhā honti, idampi, bhikkhave, khīṇāsavassa bhikkhuno <a name="V1.0116"></a> balaṃ hoti, yaṃ balaṃ āgamma khīṇāsavo bhikkhu āsavānaṃ khayaṃ paṭijānāti ‘khīṇā me āsavā’ti.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, khīṇāsavassa bhikkhuno aṅgārakāsūpamā kāmāti yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya sudiṭṭhā honti. Yampi, bhikkhave…pe… idampi khīṇāsavassa bhikkhuno balaṃ hoti…pe….</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, khīṇāsavassa bhikkhuno vivekaninnaṃ cittaṃ hoti vivekapoṇaṃ vivekapabbhāraṃ vivekaṭṭhaṃ nekkhammābhirataṃ byantībhūtaṃ sabbaso āsavaṭṭhāniyehi dhammehi. Yampi, bhikkhave…pe… idampi khīṇāsavassa bhikkhuno balaṃ hoti…pe….</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, khīṇāsavassa bhikkhuno cattāro satipaṭṭhānā bhāvitā honti subhāvitā. Pañcindriyāni bhāvitāni honti <a name="P1.0137"></a> subhāvitāni. Satta bojjhaṅgā bhāvitā honti subhāvitā. Ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo bhāvito hoti subhāvito. Yampi, bhikkhave, khīṇāsavassa bhikkhuno ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo bhāvito hoti subhāvito, idampi khīṇāsavassa bhikkhuno balaṃ hoti, yaṃ balaṃ āgamma khīṇāsavo bhikkhu āsavānaṃ khayaṃ paṭijānāti ‘khīṇā me āsavā’’’ti (a. ni. 10.90; dī. ni. 3.357; paṭi. ma. 2.44).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="M1.0128"></a> paṭhamena balena dukkhasaccapaṭivedho, dutiyena samudayasaccapaṭivedho, tatiyena nirodhasaccapaṭivedho, catūhi maggasaccapaṭivedho pakāsito hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aṭṭha vimokkhā</span>ti ārammaṇe adhimuccanaṭṭhena paccanīkadhammehi ca suṭṭhu muccanaṭṭhena vimokkhā. ‘‘Katame aṭṭha? Rūpī rūpāni passati, ayaṃ paṭhamo vimokkho. Ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī bahiddhā rūpāni passati, ayaṃ dutiyo vimokkho. ‘Subha’nteva adhimutto hoti, ayaṃ tatiyo vimokkho. Sabbaso rūpasaññānaṃ samatikkamā paṭighasaññānaṃ atthaṅgamā nānattasaññānaṃ amanasikārā ‘ananto ākāso’ti ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati, ayaṃ catuttho vimokkho. Sabbaso ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma ‘anantaṃ viññāṇa’nti viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati, ayaṃ pañcamo vimokkho. Sabbaso viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ <a name="V1.0117"></a> samatikkamma ‘natthi kiñcī’ti ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati, ayaṃ chaṭṭho vimokkho. Sabbaso ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ samatikkamma nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati, ayaṃ sattamo vimokkho. Sabbaso nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ samatikkamma saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ upasampajja viharati, ayaṃ aṭṭhamo vimokkho’’ti (dī. ni. 2.174; 3.358; a. ni. 8.66).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nava anupubbanirodhā</span>ti nava anupaṭipāṭiyā nirodhā. ‘‘Katame nava? Paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ samāpannassa kāmasaññā niruddhā hoti, dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ samāpannassa vitakkavicārā niruddhā honti, tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ samāpannassa pīti niruddhā hoti, catutthaṃ jhānaṃ samāpannassa assāsapassāsā niruddhā honti, ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ samāpannassa rūpasaññā niruddhā hoti, viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ samāpannassa ākāsānañcāyatanasaññā niruddhā hoti, ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ samāpannassa viññāṇañcāyatanasaññā niruddhā hoti, nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ <a name="P1.0138"></a> samāpannassa ākiñcaññāyatanasaññā niruddhā hoti, saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ samāpannassa saññā ca vedanā ca niruddhā hontī’’ti (a. ni. 9.31; dī. ni. 3.344, 359).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dasa asekkhā dhammā</span>ti upari sikkhitabbābhāvato na sikkhantīti asekkhā. Atha vā tīsu sikkhāsu sikkhantīti sekkhā, vuddhippattā sekkhāti <a name="M1.0129"></a> asekkhā, arahanto. Asekkhānaṃ ime iti asekkhā. ‘‘Katame dasa? Asekkhā sammādiṭṭhi, asekkho sammāsaṅkappo, asekkhā sammāvācā, asekkho sammākammanto, asekkho sammāājīvo, asekkho sammāvāyāmo, asekkhā sammāsati, asekkho sammāsamādhi, asekkhaṃ sammāñāṇaṃ, asekkhā sammāvimuttī’’ti (dī. ni. 3.348, 360). <span class="bld">Asekkhaṃ sammāñāṇa</span>nti arahattaphalapaññaṃ ṭhapetvā sesalokiyapaññā. <span class="bld">Sammāvimuttī</span>ti arahattaphalavimutti. Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 3.348) pana vuttaṃ –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Asekkhā sammādiṭṭhītiādayo sabbepi phalasampayuttadhammā eva. Ettha ca sammādiṭṭhi sammāñāṇanti dvīsu ṭhānesu paññāva kathitā. Sammāvimuttīti iminā pana padena vuttāvasesā phalasamāpattidhammā saṅgahitā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbaṃ, bhikkhave, sacchikātabba</span>ntiādīsu ārammaṇasacchikiriyā veditabbā. <span class="bld">Rūpaṃ passanto sacchikarotī</span>tiādīsu rūpādīni lokiyāni passitabbākārena passanto tāneva rūpādīni <a name="V1.0118"></a> ārammaṇasacchikiriyāya sacchikaroti, rūpādīni vā passitabbākārena passanto tena hetunā sacchikātabbaṃ nibbānaṃ sacchikaroti. Passantoti hi padaṃ hetuatthepi akkharacintakā icchanti. Anaññātaññassāmītindriyādīni pana lokuttarāni paccavekkhaṇavasena passanto tāneva ārammaṇasacchikiriyāya sacchikaroti. ‘‘Amatogadhaṃ nibbānaṃ pariyosānaṭṭhena sacchikarotī’’ti idaṃ pariññeyyapahātabbasacchikātabbabhāvetabbesu sacchikātabbattā ujukameva. <span class="bld">Ye ye dhammā sacchikatā honti, te te dhammā phassitā hontī</span>ti ārammaṇasacchikiriyāya sacchikatā ārammaṇaphassena phuṭṭhā honti, paṭilābhasacchikiriyāya sacchikatā paṭilābhaphassena phuṭṭhā hontīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Sacchikātabbaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Hānabhāgiyacatukkaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para30"></a><span class="paranum">30</span>. Idāni <a name="P1.0139"></a> yasmā hānabhāgiyāditā ekekasseva samādhissa avatthābhedena hoti, tasmā hānabhāgiyacatukkaṃ ekatoyeva niddiṭṭhaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">paṭhamassa jhānassa lābhi</span>nti paṭhamassa jhānassa lābhino<a name="M1.0130"></a>. Sāmiatthe upayogavacanaṃ. Lābho sacchikiriyā assa atthīti lābhīti vuccati. <span class="bld">Kāmasahagatā</span>ti ettha sahagatasaddassa ārammaṇattho adhippeto, vatthukāmakilesakāmārammaṇāti attho. <span class="bld">Saññāmanasikārā</span>ti javanasaññā ca tadāvajjanamanasikāro ca, saññāsampayuttamanasikāropi vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Samudācarantī</span>ti pavattanti. <span class="bld">Dhammo</span>ti paṭhamajjhānadhammo. Jhānā parihāyanto tīhi kāraṇehi parihāyati kilesasamudācārena vā asappāyakiriyāya vā ananuyogena vā. Kilesasamudācārena parihāyanto sīghaṃ parihāyati, kammārāmatābhassārāmatāniddārāmatāsaṅgaṇikārāmatānuyogavasena asappāyakiriyāya parihāyanto dandhaṃ parihāyati, gelaññapaccayavekallādinā palibodhena abhikkhaṇaṃ asamāpajjanto ananuyogena parihāyantopi dandhaṃ parihāyati. Idha pana balavakāraṇameva dassento kilesasamudācāramevāha. Dutiyajjhānādīhi pana parihāyanto heṭṭhimaheṭṭhimajjhānanikantisamudācārenapi parihāyati. Kittāvatā parihīno hotīti? Yadā na sakkoti samāpajjituṃ, ettāvatā parihīno hotīti. <span class="bld">Tadanudhammatā</span>ti anupavatto dhammo anudhammo, jhānaṃ adhikaṃ katvā pavattassa nikantidhammassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Anudhammo eva anudhammatā, tassa jhānassa anudhammatā tadanudhammatā. <span class="bld">Satī</span>ti nikanti. <span class="bld">Santiṭṭhatī</span>ti patiṭṭhāti<a name="P1.0140"></a>. Taṃ paṭhamajjhānaṃ anuvattamānā nikanti <a name="V1.0119"></a> pavattatīti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Avitakkasahagatā</span>ti dutiyajjhānārammaṇā. Tañhi natthettha vitakkoti avitakkanti vuccati. <span class="bld">Nibbidāsahagatā</span>ti vipassanārammaṇā. Sā hi saṅkhāresu nibbindanato nibbidāti vuccati. ‘‘Nibbindaṃ virajjatī’’ti (mahāva. 23; saṃ. ni. 3.61) hi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Virāgūpasaṃhitā</span>ti ariyamaggapaṭisaññuttā vipassanā. Vipassanā hi sikhāppattā maggavuṭṭhānaṃ pāpeti. Tasmā vipassanārammaṇā saññāmanasikārā ‘‘virāgūpasaṃhitā’’ti vuccanti, ‘‘virāgā vimuccatī’’ti hi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vitakkasahagatā</span>ti vitakkavasena paṭhamajjhānārammaṇā. <span class="bld">Upekkhāsukhasahagatā</span>ti tatramajjhattupekkhāya ca sukhavedanāya ca vasena tatiyajjhānārammaṇā. <span class="bld">Pītisukhasahagatā</span>ti pītiyā ca sukhavedanāya ca vasena dutiyajjhānārammaṇā. <span class="bld">Adukkhamasukhasahagatā</span>ti upekkhāvedanāvasena catutthajjhānārammaṇā. Sā hi vedanā na dukkhā na sukhāti adukkhamasukhāti vuccati<a name="M1.0131"></a>, ma-kāro panettha padasandhivasena vutto. <span class="bld">Rūpasahagatā</span>ti rūpajjhānārammaṇā. Nevasaññānāsaññāyatane ṭhitassa hānabhāgiyaṭhitibhāgiyanibbedhabhāgiyattesu vijjamānesupi visesabhāgiyattābhāvā nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ na niddiṭṭhaṃ. Sabbopi cesa lokiyo samādhi pamādavihārissa mudindriyassa hānabhāgiyo hoti, appamādavihārissa mudindriyassa ṭhitibhāgiyo hoti, taṇhācaritassa tikkhindriyassa visesabhāgiyo hoti, diṭṭhicaritassa tikkhindriyassa nibbedhabhāgiyo hotīti vuccati.</p>
<p class="centered">Hānabhāgiyacatukkaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Lakkhaṇattikaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para31"></a><span class="paranum">31</span>. Idāni <a name="P1.0141"></a> yasmā ekekopi lokiyadhammo tilakkhaṇabbhāhato, tasmā lakkhaṇattikaṃ ekato niddiṭṭhaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">aniccaṃ khayaṭṭhenā</span>ti tattha tattheva khīyanabhāvena aniccaṃ. ‘‘Khayadhammattā, vayadhammattā, virāgadhammattā, nirodhadhammattā anicca’’nti eke. <span class="bld">Dukkhaṃ bhayaṭṭhenā</span>ti sappaṭibhayatāya dukkhaṃ. Yañhi aniccaṃ, taṃ bhayāvahaṃ hoti sīhopamasutte (saṃ. ni. 3.78) devānaṃ viya. ‘‘Jātijarābyādhimaraṇabhayaṭṭhena dukkha’’nti eke. <span class="bld">Anattā asārakaṭṭhenā</span>ti ‘‘attā nivāsī kārako vedako sayaṃvasī’’ti evaṃ parikappitassa attasārassa abhāvena anattā. Yañhi aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ, taṃ attanopi aniccataṃ vā udayabbayapīḷanaṃ <a name="V1.0120"></a> vā dhāretuṃ na sakkoti, kuto tassa kārakādibhāvo. Vuttañca ‘‘rūpañca hidaṃ, bhikkhave, attā abhavissa, nayidaṃ rūpaṃ ābādhāya saṃvatteyyā’’tiādi (mahāva. 20). ‘‘Attasāraniccasāravirahitattā anattā’’ti eke.</p>
<p class="centered">Lakkhaṇattikaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Dukkhasaccaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para32-33"></a><span class="paranum">32-33</span> .</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ariyasaccacatukkampi <a name="P1.0142"></a> tathaṭṭhena saccānaṃ ekasambandhattā ekato eva niddiṭṭhaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">tatthā</span>ti tesu catūsu ariyasaccesu. <span class="bld">Katama</span>nti kathetukamyatāpucchā<a name="M1.0132"></a>. <span class="bld">Dukkhaṃ ariyasacca</span>nti pucchitadhammanidassanaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">jātipi dukkhā</span>tiādīsu jātisaddassa tāva aneke atthā paveditā. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Bhavo kulaṃ nikāyo ca, sīlaṃ paññatti lakkhaṇaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Pasūti sandhi cevāti, jātiatthā paveditā’’.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā hissa ‘‘ekampi jātiṃ dvepi jātiyo’’tiādīsu (pārā. 12) bhavo attho. ‘‘Akkhitto anupakkuṭṭho jātivādenā’’ti (dī. ni. 1.331) ettha kulaṃ. ‘‘Atthi, visākhe, nigaṇṭhā nāma samaṇajātī’’ti (a. ni. 3.71) ettha nikāyo. ‘‘Yatohaṃ, bhagini, ariyāya jātiyā jāto nābhijānāmī’’ti (ma. ni. 2.351) ettha ariyasīlaṃ. ‘‘Tiriyā nāma tiṇajāti nābhiyā uggantvā nabhaṃ āhacca ṭhitā ahosī’’ti (a. ni. 5.196) ettha paññatti. ‘‘Jāti dvīhi khandhehi saṅgahitā’’ti (dhātu. 71) ettha saṅkhatalakkhaṇaṃ. ‘‘Sampatijāto, ānanda, bodhisatto’’ti (ma. ni. 3.207) ettha pasūti. ‘‘Bhavapaccayā jātī’’ti (vibha. 354) ca ‘‘jātipi dukkhā’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.33; vibha. 190) ca ettha pariyāyato paṭisandhikhandhā. Nippariyāyato pana tattha tattha nibbattamānānaṃ sattānaṃ ye ye khandhā pātubhavanti, tesaṃ tesaṃ paṭhamaṃ pātubhāvo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kasmā panesā jāti dukkhāti ce? Anekesaṃ dukkhānaṃ vatthubhāvato. Anekāni hi dukkhāni. Seyyathidaṃ – dukkhadukkhaṃ, vipariṇāmadukkhaṃ, saṅkhāradukkhaṃ, paṭicchannadukkhaṃ, appaṭicchannadukkhaṃ<a name="V1.0121"></a>, pariyāyadukkhaṃ, nippariyāyadukkhanti. Ettha kāyikacetasikā dukkhā vedanāsabhāvato ca nāmato ca dukkhattā <span class="bld">dukkhadukkha</span>nti <a name="P1.0143"></a> vuccati. Sukhā vedanā vipariṇāmena dukkhuppattihetuto <span class="bld">vipariṇāmadukkhaṃ</span>. Upekkhāvedanā ceva avasesā ca tebhūmakasaṅkhārā udayabbayapaṭipīḷitattā <span class="bld">saṅkhāradukkhaṃ</span>. Kaṇṇasūladantasūlarāgajapariḷāhadosajapariḷāhādi kāyikacetasiko ābādho pucchitvā jānitabbato upakkamassa ca apākaṭabhāvato <span class="bld">paṭicchannadukkhaṃ</span>. Dvattiṃsakammakāraṇādisamuṭṭhāno ābādho apucchitvāva jānitabbato upakkamassa ca pākaṭabhāvato <span class="bld">appaṭicchannadukkhaṃ</span>. Ṭhapetvā dukkhadukkhaṃ sesaṃ dukkhasaccavibhaṅge <a name="M1.0133"></a> (vibha. 190 ādayo) āgataṃ jātiādi sabbampi tassa tassa dukkhassa vatthubhāvato <span class="bld">pariyāyadukkhaṃ</span>. Dukkhadukkhaṃ pana <span class="bld">nippariyāyadukkha</span>nti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatrāyaṃ jāti yaṃ taṃ bālapaṇḍitasuttādīsu (ma. ni. 3.246 ādayo) bhagavatāpi upamāvasena pakāsitaṃ āpāyikaṃ dukkhaṃ, yañca sugatiyampi manussaloke gabbhokkantimūlakādibhedaṃ dukkhaṃ uppajjati, tassa vatthubhāvato dukkhā. Tatridaṃ gabbhokkantimūlakādibhedaṃ dukkhaṃ – ayañhi satto mātukucchimhi nibbattamāno na uppalapadumapuṇḍarīkādīsu nibbattati, atha kho heṭṭhā āmāsayassa upari pakkāsayassa udarapaṭalapiṭṭhikaṇṭakānaṃ vemajjhe paramasambādhe tibbandhakāre nānākuṇapagandhaparibhāvitaparamaduggandhapavanavicarite adhimattajegucche kucchippadese pūtimacchapūtikummāsacandanikādīsu kimi viya nibbattati. So tattha nibbatto dasa māse mātukucchisambhavena usmanā puṭapākaṃ viya paccamāno piṭṭhapiṇḍi viya sediyamāno samiñjanapasāraṇādivirahito adhimattaṃ dukkhaṃ paccanubhotīti. Idaṃ tāva <span class="bld">gabbhokkantimūlakaṃ</span> dukkhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yaṃ pana so mātu sahasā upakkhalanagamananisīdanauṭṭhānaparivattanādīsu surādhuttahatthagato eḷako viya ahituṇḍikahatthagato sappapotako viya ca ākaḍḍhanaparikaḍḍhanaodhunananiddhunanādinā upakkamena adhimattaṃ dukkhamanubhoti, yañca mātu sītudakapānakāle sītanarakūpapanno <a name="P1.0144"></a> viya uṇhayāgubhattādiajjhoharaṇakāle aṅgāravuṭṭhisamparikiṇṇo viya loṇambilādiajjhoharaṇakāle khārāpatacchikādikammakāraṇappatto viya adhimattaṃ dukkhamanubhoti. Idaṃ <span class="bld">gabbhapariharaṇamūlakaṃ</span> dukkhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yaṃ panassa mūḷhagabbhāya mātuyā mittāmaccasuhajjādīhipi adassanārahe dukkhuppattiṭṭhāne chedanaphālanādīhi dukkhamanubhavati. Idaṃ <span class="bld">gabbhavipattimūlakaṃ</span> dukkhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yaṃ <a name="V1.0122"></a> vijāyamānāya mātuyā kammajehi vātehi parivattetvā narakappapātaṃ viya atibhayānakaṃ yonimaggaṃ paṭipādiyamānassa paramasambādhena ca yonimukhena tāḷacchiggaḷena viya nikaḍḍhiyamānassa mahānāgassa narakasattassa viya ca saṅghātapabbatehi vicuṇṇiyamānassa dukkhamuppajjati. Idaṃ <span class="bld">vijāyanamūlakaṃ</span> dukkhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yaṃ <a name="M1.0134"></a> pana jātassa taruṇavaṇasadisassa sukumārasarīrassa hatthagahaṇanhāpanadhovanacoḷaparimajjanādikāle sūcimukhakhuradhārāvijjhanaphālanasadisaṃ dukkhamuppajjati. Idaṃ mātukucchito <span class="bld">bahi nikkhamanamūlakaṃ</span> dukkhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yaṃ tato paraṃ pavattiyaṃ attanāva attānaṃ vadhentassa acelakavatādivasena ātāpanaparitāpanānuyogamanuyuttassa kodhavasena abhuñjantassa ubbandhantassa ca dukkhaṃ hoti. Idaṃ <span class="bld">attupakkamamūlakaṃ</span> dukkhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yaṃ pana parato vadhabandhanādīni anubhavantassa uppajjati. Idaṃ <span class="bld">parūpakkamamūlakaṃ</span>dukkhanti. Iti imassa sabbassāpi dukkhassa ayaṃ jāti vatthumeva hoti. Tenetaṃ vuccati –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Jāyetha no ce narakesu satto, tatthaggidāhādikamappasayhaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Labhetha dukkhaṃ nu kuhiṃ patiṭṭhaṃ, iccāha dukkhāti munīdha jātiṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Dukkhaṃ tiracchesu kasāpatoda-</p>
<p class="gatha2">Daṇḍābhighātādibhavaṃ anekaṃ;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Yaṃ taṃ kathaṃ tattha bhaveyya jātiṃ,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Vinā tahiṃ jāti tatopi dukkhā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Petesu <a name="P1.0145"></a> dukkhaṃ pana khuppipāsā-</p>
<p class="gatha2">Vātātapādippabhavaṃ vicittaṃ;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Yasmā ajātassa na tattha atthi,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tasmāpi dukkhaṃ muni jātimāha.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Tibbandhakāre <a name="V1.0123"></a> ca asayhasīte,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Lokantare yaṃ asuresu dukkhaṃ;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Na taṃ bhave tattha na cassa jāti,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Yato ayaṃ jāti tatopi dukkhā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yañcāpi <a name="M1.0135"></a> gūthanarake viya mātugabbhe,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Satto vasaṃ ciramato bahi nikkhamañca;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Pappoti dukkhamatighoramidampi natthi,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Jātiṃ vinā itipi jāti ayañhi dukkhā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Kiṃ bhāsitena bahunā nanu yaṃ kuhiñci,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Atthīdha kiñcidapi dukkhamidaṃ kadāci;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Nevatthi jātivirahe yadato mahesī,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Dukkhāti sabbapaṭhamaṃ imamāha jāti’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Jarāpi dukkhā</span>ti ettha duvidhā jarā saṅkhatalakkhaṇañca, khaṇḍiccādisammato santatiyaṃ ekabhavapariyāpannakhandhapurāṇabhāvo ca. Sā idha adhippetā. Sā panesā dukkhā saṅkhāradukkhabhāvato ceva dukkhavatthuto ca. Yaṃ hidaṃ aṅgapaccaṅgasithilībhāvaindriyavikāravirūpatā yobbanavināsabalūpaghātasatimativippavāsaparaparibhavādianekappaccayaṃ kāyikacetasikaṃ dukkhamuppajjati, jarā tassa vatthu. Tenetaṃ vuccati –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Aṅgānaṃ sithilībhāvā, indriyānaṃ vikārato;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Yobbanassa vināsena, balassa upaghātato.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Vippavāsā satādīnaṃ, puttadārehi attano;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Appasādanīyato ceva, bhiyyo bālattapattiyā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Pappoti <a name="P1.0146"></a> dukkhaṃ yaṃ macco, kāyikaṃ mānasaṃ tathā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sabbametaṃ jarāhetu, yasmā tasmā jarā dukhā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Jarādukkhānantaraṃ <a name="V1.0124"></a> byādhidukkhe vattabbepi kāyikadukkhagahaṇeneva byādhidukkhaṃ gahitaṃ hotīti na vuttanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Maraṇampi dukkha</span>nti etthāpi duvidhaṃ maraṇaṃ – saṅkhatalakkhaṇañca, yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ – ‘‘jarāmaraṇaṃ dvīhi khandhehi saṅgahita’’nti (dhātu. 71). Ekabhavapariyāpannajīvitindriyappabandhavicchedo ca, yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ – ‘‘niccaṃ maraṇato bhaya’’nti (su. ni. 581). Taṃ idha adhippetaṃ. Jātipaccayamaraṇaṃ upakkamamaraṇaṃ sarasamaraṇaṃ āyukkhayamaraṇaṃ puññakkhayamaraṇantipi tasseva nāmaṃ. Puna khaṇikamaraṇaṃ sammutimaraṇaṃ samucchedamaraṇanti ayampettha bhedo veditabbo. Pavatte rūpārūpadhammānaṃ bhedo <a name="M1.0136"></a> <span class="bld">khaṇikamaraṇaṃ</span> nāma. ‘‘Tisso mato, phusso mato’’ti idaṃ paramatthato sattassa abhāvā, ‘‘sassaṃ mataṃ, rukkho mato’’ti idaṃ jīvitindriyassa abhāvā <span class="bld">sammutimaraṇaṃ</span> nāma. Khīṇāsavassa appaṭisandhikā kālakiriyā <span class="bld">samucchedamaraṇaṃ</span> nāma. Bāhirakaṃ sammutimaraṇaṃ ṭhapetvā itaraṃ sammutimaraṇañca samucchedamaraṇañca yathāvuttapabandhavicchedeneva saṅgahitaṃ. Dukkhassa pana vatthubhāvato dukkhaṃ. Tenetaṃ vuccati –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Pāpassa pāpakammādinimittamanupassato;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Bhaddassāpasahantassa, viyogaṃ piyavatthukaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Mīyamānassa yaṃ dukkhaṃ, mānasaṃ avisesato.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Sabbesañcāpi yaṃ sandhibandhanacchedanādikaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Vitujjamānamammānaṃ<a name="P1.0147"></a>, hoti dukkhaṃ sarīrajaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Asayhamappaṭikāraṃ, dukkhassetassidaṃ yato;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Maraṇaṃ vatthu tenetaṃ, dukkhamicceva bhāsita’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sokādīsu <span class="bld">soko</span> nāma ñātibyasanādīhi phuṭṭhassa antonijjhānalakkhaṇo cittasantāpo. Dukkho pana dukkhadukkhato dukkhavatthuto ca. Tenetaṃ vuccati –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Sattānaṃ hadayaṃ soko, visasallaṃva tujjati;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Aggitattova nārāco, bhusaṃva dahate puna.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Samāvahati <a name="V1.0125"></a> byādhiñca, jarāmaraṇabhedanaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Dukkhampi vividhaṃ yasmā, tasmā dukkhoti vuccatī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paridevo</span> nāma ñātibyasanādīhi phuṭṭhassa vacīpalāpo. Dukkho pana saṅkhāradukkhabhāvato dukkhavatthuto ca. Tenetaṃ vuccati –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yaṃ sokasallavihato paridevamāno, kaṇṭhoṭṭhatālutalasosajamappasayhaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Bhiyyodhimattamadhigacchatiyeva dukkhaṃ, dukkhoti tena bhagavā paridevamāhā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dukkhaṃ</span> nāma kāyapīḷanalakkhaṇaṃ kāyikadukkhaṃ. Dukkhaṃ pana dukkhadukkhato mānasadukkhāvahanato ca. Tenetaṃ vuccati –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Pīḷeti <a name="M1.0137"></a> kāyikamidaṃ, dukkhaṃ dukkhañca mānasaṃ bhiyyo;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Janayati yasmā tasmā, dukkhanti visesato vutta’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Domanassaṃ</span> nāma cittapīḷanalakkhaṇaṃ mānasaṃ dukkhaṃ. Dukkhaṃ pana dukkhadukkhato kāyikadukkhāvahanato ca. Cetodukkhasamappitā <a name="P1.0148"></a> hi kese pakiriya kandanti, urāni paṭipisanti, āvaṭṭanti, vivaṭṭanti, uddhaṃpādaṃ papatanti, satthaṃ āharanti, visaṃ khādanti, rajjuyā ubbandhanti, aggiṃ pavisantīti nānappakārakaṃ dukkhamanubhavanti. Tenetaṃ vuccati –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Pīḷeti yato cittaṃ, kāyassa ca pīḷanaṃ samāvahati;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Dukkhanti domanassaṃ, vidomanassā tato āhū’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upāyāso</span> nāma ñātibyasanādīhi phuṭṭhassa adhimattacetodukkhappabhāvito dosoyeva. ‘‘Saṅkhārakkhandhapariyāpanno eko dhammo’’ti eke. Dukkho pana saṅkhāradukkhabhāvato cittaparidahanato kāyavisādanato ca. Tenetaṃ vuccati –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Cittassa ca paridahanā, kāyassa visādanā ca adhimattaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Yaṃ dukkhamupāyāso, janeti dukkho tato vutto’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha <a name="V1.0126"></a> ca mandagginā antobhājane pāko viya soko, tikkhagginā paccamānassa bhājanato bahinikkhamanaṃ viya paridevo, bahinikkhantāvasesassa nikkhamitumpi appahontassa antobhājaneyeva yāva parikkhayā pāko viya upāyāso daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Appiyasampayogo</span> nāma appiyehi sattasaṅkhārehi samodhānaṃ. Dukkho pana dukkhavatthuto. Tenetaṃ vuccati –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Disvāva appiye dukkhaṃ, paṭhamaṃ hoti cetasi;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tadupakkamasambhūtamatha kāye yato idha.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Tato <a name="P1.0149"></a> dukkhadvayassāpi, vatthuto so mahesinā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Dukkho vuttoti viññeyyo, appiyehi samāgamo’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Piyavippayogo</span> nāma piyehi sattasaṅkhārehi vinābhāvo. Dukkho pana dukkhavatthuto. Tenetaṃ vuccati –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Ñātidhanādiviyogā<a name="M1.0138"></a>, sokasarasamappitā vitujjanti;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Bālā yato tatoyaṃ, dukkhoti mato piyaviyogo’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Icchitālābhe alabbhaneyyavatthūsu icchāva <span class="bld">yampicchaṃ na labhati, tampi dukkha</span>nti vuttā. Yenapi dhammena alabbhaneyyaṃ vatthuṃ icchanto na labhati, tampi alabbhaneyyavatthumhi icchanaṃ dukkhanti attho. Dukkhaṃ pana dukkhavatthuto. Tenetaṃ vuccati –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Taṃ taṃ patthayamānānaṃ, tassa tassa alābhato;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Yaṃ vighātamayaṃ dukkhaṃ, sattānaṃ idha jāyati.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Alabbhaneyyavatthūnaṃ, patthanā tassa kāraṇaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Yasmā tasmā jino dukkhaṃ, icchitālābhamabravī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saṅkhittena pañcupādānakkhandhā</span>ti ettha pana <span class="bld">saṅkhittenā</span>ti desanaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Dukkhañhi ettakāni <a name="V1.0127"></a> dukkhasatānīti vā ettakāni dukkhasahassānīti vā saṅkhipituṃ na sakkā, desanā pana sakkā. Tasmā ‘‘dukkhaṃ nāma na aññaṃ kiñci, saṃkhittena pañcupādānakkhandhā dukkhā’’ti desanaṃ saṅkhipanto evamāha. <span class="bld">Pañcā</span>ti gaṇanaparicchedo. <span class="bld">Upādānakkhandhā</span>ti upādānagocarā khandhā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Jātippabhutikaṃ <a name="P1.0150"></a> dukkhaṃ, yaṃ vuttamidha tādinā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Avuttaṃ yañca taṃ sabbaṃ, vinā etena vijjati.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Yasmā tasmā upādānakkhandhā saṅkhepato ime;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Dukkhāti vuttā dukkhanta-desakena mahesinā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā hi indhanamiva pāvako, lakkhamiva paharaṇāni, gorūpaṃ viya ḍaṃsamakasādayo, khettamiva lāyakā, gāmaṃ viya gāmaghātakā, upādānakkhandhapañcakameva jātiādayo nānappakārehi vibādhentā tiṇalatādīni viya bhūmiyaṃ, pupphaphalapallavāni viya rukkhesu upādānakkhandhesuyeva nibbattanti. Upādānakkhandhānañca ādidukkhaṃ jāti, majjhedukkhaṃ jarā, pariyosānadukkhaṃ maraṇaṃ, māraṇantikadukkhābhighātena pariḍayhanadukkhaṃ soko<a name="M1.0139"></a>, tadasahanato lālappanadukkhaṃ paridevo, tato dhātukkhobhasaṅkhātaaniṭṭhaphoṭṭhabbasamāyogato kāyassa ābādhanadukkhaṃ dukkhaṃ, tena ābādhiyamānānaṃ puthujjanānaṃ tattha paṭighuppattito cetobādhanadukkhaṃ domanassaṃ, sokādivuddhiyā janitavisādānaṃ anutthunanadukkhaṃ upāyāso, manorathavighātappattānaṃ icchāvighātadukkhaṃ icchitālābhoti evaṃ nānappakārato upaparikkhiyamānā upādānakkhandhāva dukkhāti yadetaṃ ekamekaṃ dassetvā vuccamānaṃ anekehipi kappehi na sakkā anavasesato vattuṃ, taṃ sabbampi dukkhaṃ ekajalabindumhi sakalasamuddajalarasaṃ viya yesu kesuci pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu saṅkhipitvā dassetuṃ ‘‘saṅkhittena pañcupādānakkhandhā dukkhā’’ti bhagavatā vuttameva thero avocāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tattha katamā jātī</span>tiādīsu padabhājanīyesu <span class="bld">tatthā</span>ti dukkhasaccaniddese vuttesu jātiādīsu. <span class="bld">Yā tesaṃ tesaṃ sattāna</span>nti saṅkhepato anekesaṃ sattānaṃ sādhāraṇaniddeso. Yā devadattassa jāti, yā somadattassa jātīti evañhi divasampi kathiyamāne neva sattā pariyādānaṃ gacchanti, na sabbaṃ aparatthadīpanaṃ sijjhati, imehi pana dvīhi padehi <a name="P1.0151"></a> na koci satto apariyādinno hoti, na kiñci aparatthadīpanaṃ na sijjhati. <span class="bld">Tamhi tamhī</span>ti ayaṃ gatijātivasena <a name="V1.0128"></a> anekesaṃ sattanikāyānaṃ sādhāraṇaniddeso. <span class="bld">Sattanikāye</span>ti sattānaṃ nikāye, sattaghaṭāyaṃ sattasamūheti attho. <span class="bld">Jātī</span>ti jāyanavasena. Idamettha sabhāvapaccattaṃ. <span class="bld">Sañjātī</span>ti sañjāyanavasena. Upasaggena padaṃ vaḍḍhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Okkantī</span>ti okkamanavasena. Jāyanaṭṭhena vā jāti, sā aparipuṇṇāyatanavasena vuttā. Sañjāyanaṭṭhena sañjāti, sā paripuṇṇāyatanavasena vuttā. Okkamanaṭṭhena okkanti, sā aṇḍajajalābujavasena vuttā. Te hi aṇḍakosaṃ vatthikosañca okkamanti, okkamantā pavisantā viya paṭisandhiṃ gaṇhanti. Abhinibbattanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">abhinibbatti,</span> sā saṃsedajaopapātikavasena vuttā. Te hi pākaṭā eva hutvā nibbattanti, ayaṃ tāva sammutikathā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni <span class="bld">khandhānaṃ pātubhāvo, āyatanānaṃ paṭilābho</span>ti paramatthakathā hoti. Khandhā eva hi paramatthato pātubhavanti, na sattā. Ettha <span class="bld">ca khandhāna</span>nti ekavokārabhave ekassa, catuvokārabhave catunnaṃ, pañcavokārabhave pañcannampi gahaṇaṃ veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Pātubhāvo</span>ti uppatti. <span class="bld">Āyatanāna</span>nti <a name="M1.0140"></a> tatra tatra uppajjamānāyatanavasena saṅgaho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Paṭilābho</span>ti santatiyaṃ pātubhāvoyeva. Pātubhavantāneva hi tāni paṭiladdhāni nāma honti. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ vuccati jātī</span>ti ayaṃ jāti nāma kathīyati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Jarāniddese <span class="bld">jarā</span>ti sabhāvapaccattaṃ. <span class="bld">Jīraṇatā</span>ti ākāraniddeso. <span class="bld">Khaṇḍicca</span>ntiādayo tayo kālātikkame kiccaniddesā, pacchimā dve pakatiniddesā. Ayañhi jarāti iminā padena sabhāvato dīpitā, tenassā idaṃ sabhāvapaccattaṃ. Jīraṇatāti iminā ākārato, tenassāyaṃ ākāraniddeso. Khaṇḍiccanti iminā kālātikkame dantanakhānaṃ khaṇḍitabhāvakaraṇakiccato. <span class="bld">Pālicca</span>nti iminā kesalomānaṃ palitabhāvakaraṇakiccato. <span class="bld">Valittacatā</span>ti iminā maṃsaṃ milāpetvā tace valibhāvakaraṇakiccato dīpitā. Tenassā ime tayo kālātikkame kiccaniddesā. Tehi imesaṃ vikārānaṃ dassanavasena pākaṭībhūtā pākaṭajarā dassitā. Yatheva hi udakassa <a name="P1.0152"></a> vā vātassa vā aggino vā tiṇarukkhādīnaṃ sambhaggapalibhaggatāya vā jhāmatāya vā gatamaggo pākaṭo hoti, na ca so gatamaggo tāneva udakādīni, evameva jarāya dantādīsu khaṇḍiccādivasena gatamaggo pākaṭo cakkhuṃ ummīletvāpi gayhati, na ca khaṇḍiccādīneva jarā. Na hi jarā cakkhuviññeyyā hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āyuno saṃhāni indriyānaṃ paripāko</span>ti imehi pana padehi kālātikkameyeva abhibyattāya āyukkhayacakkhādiindriyaparipākasaṅkhātāya pakatiyā dīpitā, tenassime dve pakatiniddesāti <a name="V1.0129"></a> veditabbā. Tattha yasmā jaraṃ pattassa āyu hāyati, tasmā jarā ‘‘āyuno saṃhānī’’ti phalūpacārena vuttā. Yasmā ca daharakāle suppasannāni sukhumampi attano visayaṃ sukheneva gaṇhanasamatthāni cakkhādīni indriyāni jaraṃ pattassa paripakkāni āluḷitāni avisadāni oḷārikampi attano visayaṃ gahetuṃ asamatthāni honti, tasmā ‘‘indriyānaṃ paripāko’’ti phalūpacāreneva vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sā panesā evaṃ niddiṭṭhā sabbāpi jarā pākaṭā paṭicchannāti duvidhā hoti. Tattha dantādīsu khaṇḍādibhāvadassanato rūpadhammesu jarā <span class="bld">pākaṭajarā</span> nāma. Arūpadhammesu pana jarā tādisassa vikārassa adassanato <a name="M1.0141"></a> <span class="bld">paṭicchannajarā</span> nāma. Tatra yvāyaṃ khaṇḍādibhāvo dissati, so tādisānaṃ dantādīnaṃ vaṇṇoyeva. Taṃ cakkhunā disvā manodvārena cintetvā ‘‘ime dantā jarāya pahaṭā’’ti jaraṃ jānāti, udakaṭṭhāne baddhāni gosiṅgādīni oloketvā heṭṭhā udakassa atthibhāvajānanaṃ viya. Puna ayaṃ jarā savīci avīcīti evampi duvidhā hoti. Tattha maṇikanakarajatapavāḷacandasūriyādīnaṃ mandadasakādīsu pāṇīnaṃ viya, pupphaphalapallavādīsu apāṇīnaṃ viya ca antarantarā vaṇṇavisesādīnaṃ dubbiññeyyattā jarā <span class="bld">avīcijarā</span> nāma, nirantarajarāti attho. Tato aññesu pana yathāvuttesu antarantarā vaṇṇavisesādīnaṃ suviññeyyattā jarā <span class="bld">savīcijarā</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha savīcijarā upādiṇṇakaanupādiṇṇakavasena evaṃ veditabbā – daharakumārakānañhi paṭhamameva khīradantā nāma uṭṭhahanti, na te thirā. Tesu pana patitesu puna <a name="P1.0153"></a> dantā uṭṭhahanti. Te paṭhamameva setā honti, jarāvātena pahaṭakāle kāḷakā honti. Kesā paṭhamameva tambā honti, tato kāḷakā, tato setā. Chavi pana salohitikā hoti. Vaḍḍhantānaṃ vaḍḍhantānaṃ odātānaṃ odātabhāvo, kāḷakānaṃ kāḷakabhāvo paññāyati. Jarāvātena pana pahaṭakāle valiṃ gaṇhāti. Sabbampi sassaṃ vapitakāle setaṃ hoti, pacchā nīlaṃ. Jarāvātena pana pahaṭakāle paṇḍukaṃ hoti. Ambaṅkurenāpi dīpetuṃ vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Maraṇaniddese <span class="bld">cutī</span>ti cavanavasena vuttaṃ. Ekacatupañcakkhandhānaṃ sāmaññavacanametaṃ. <span class="bld">Cavanatā</span>ti bhāvavacanena lakkhaṇanidassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhedo</span>ti cutikhandhānaṃ bhaṅguppattiparidīpanaṃ. <span class="bld">Antaradhāna</span>nti ghaṭassa viya bhinnassa bhinnānaṃ cutikhandhānaṃ yena kenaci pariyāyena ṭhānābhāvaparidīpanaṃ. <span class="bld">Maccu maraṇa</span>nti maccusaṅkhātaṃ maraṇaṃ, na khaṇikamaraṇaṃ. Kālo nāma antako, tassa kiriyāti <span class="bld">kālakiriyā</span>. Ettāvatā ca sammutiyā maraṇaṃ dīpitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni <a name="V1.0130"></a> paramatthena dīpetuṃ <span class="bld">khandhānaṃ bhedo</span>tiādimāha. Paramatthena hi khandhāyeva bhijjanti, na satto nāma koci marati. Khandhesu pana bhijjamānesu satto marati, bhinnesu matoti vohāro hoti. Ettha ca catuvokārapañcavokāravasena <span class="bld">khandhānaṃ bhedo,</span> ekavokāravasena <span class="bld">kaḷevarassa nikkhepo,</span> catuvokāravasena vā khandhānaṃ bhedo, sesadvayavasena kaḷevarassa nikkhepo veditabbo. Kasmā? Bhavadvayepi rūpakāyasaṅkhātassa <a name="M1.0142"></a> kaḷevarassa sambhavato. Yasmā vā cātumahārājikādīsupi khandhā bhijjanteva, na kiñci nikkhipati, tasmā tesaṃ vasena khandhānaṃ bhedo, manussādīsu kaḷevarassa nikkhepo. Ettha ca kaḷevarassa nikkhepakaraṇato maraṇaṃ ‘‘kaḷevarassa nikkhepo’’ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Jīvitindriyassupacchedo</span>ti iminā indriyabaddhasseva maraṇaṃ nāma hoti, anindriyabaddhassa maraṇaṃ nāma natthīti dasseti. ‘‘Sassaṃ mataṃ, rukkho mato’’ti idaṃ pana vohāramattameva, atthato pana evarūpāni vacanāni sassādīnaṃ khayavayabhāvameva dīpenti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica <a name="P1.0154"></a> imāni jātijarāmaraṇāni nāma imesaṃ sattānaṃ vadhakapaccāmittā viya otāraṃ gavesantāni vicaranti. Yathā hi purisassa tīsu paccāmittesu otārāpekkhesu vicarantesu eko vadeyya ‘‘ahaṃ asukaaraññassa nāma vaṇṇaṃ kathetvā etaṃ ādāya tattha gamissāmi, ettha mayhaṃ dukkaraṃ natthī’’ti. Dutiyo vadeyya ‘‘ahaṃ tava etaṃ gahetvā gatakāle pothetvā dubbalaṃ karissāmi, ettha mayhaṃ dukkaraṃ natthī’’ti. Tatiyo vadeyya ‘‘tayā etasmiṃ pothetvā dubbale kate tiṇhena asinā sīsacchedanaṃ nāma mayhaṃ bhāro hotū’’ti te evaṃ vatvā tathā kareyyuṃ. Tattha paṭhamapaccāmittassa araññavaṇṇaṃ kathetvā taṃ ādāya tattha gatakālo viya suhajjañātimaṇḍalato nikkaḍḍhitvā yattha katthaci nibbattāpanaṃ nāma jātiyā kiccaṃ, dutiyassa pothetvā dubbalakaraṇaṃ viya nibbattakkhandhesu nipatitvā parādhīnamañcaparāyaṇabhāvakaraṇaṃ jarāya kiccaṃ, tatiyassa tiṇhena asinā sīsacchedanaṃ viya jīvitakkhayapāpanaṃ maraṇassa kiccanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apicettha jātidukkhaṃ sādīnavamahākantārappaveso viya daṭṭhabbaṃ, jarādukkhaṃ tattha annapānarahitassa dubbalaṃ viya, maraṇadukkhaṃ dubbalassa iriyāpathapavattane vihataparakkamassa vāḷādīhi anayabyasanāpādanaṃ viya daṭṭhabbanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sokaniddese viyasatīti byasanaṃ, hitasukhaṃ khipati viddhaṃsetīti attho. Ñātīnaṃ byasanaṃ <a name="V1.0131"></a> ñātibyasanaṃ, corarogabhayādīhi ñātikkhayo ñātivināsoti <a name="M1.0143"></a> attho. Tena <span class="bld">ñātibyasanena. Phuṭṭhassā</span>ti ajjhotthaṭassa abhibhūtassa, samannāgatassāti attho. Sesesupi eseva nayo. Ayaṃ pana viseso – bhogānaṃ byasanaṃ <span class="bld">bhogabyasanaṃ,</span> rājacorādivasena bhogakkhayo bhogavināsoti attho. Rogoyeva byasanaṃ <span class="bld">rogabyasanaṃ</span>. Rogo hi ārogyaṃ viyasati vināsetīti byasanaṃ. Sīlassa byasanaṃ <span class="bld">sīlabyasanaṃ</span>. Dussīlyassetaṃ nāmaṃ. Sammādiṭṭhiṃ vināsayamānā uppannā diṭṭhi eva byasanaṃ <span class="bld">diṭṭhibyasanaṃ</span>. Ettha ca purimāni dve anipphannāni, pacchimāni tīṇi nipphannāni tilakkhaṇabbhāhatāni. Purimāni ca tīṇi neva kusalāni na akusalāni, sīladiṭṭhibyasanadvayaṃ <a name="P1.0155"></a> akusalaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aññataraññatarenā</span>ti gahitesu vā yena kenaci aggahitesu vā mittāmaccabyasanādīsu yena kenaci. <span class="bld">Samannāgatassā</span>ti samanubandhassa aparimuccamānassa. <span class="bld">Aññataraññatarena dukkhadhammenā</span>ti yena kenaci sokadukkhassa uppattihetunā. <span class="bld">Soko</span>ti socanakavasena soko. Idaṃ tehi kāraṇehi uppajjanakasokassa sabhāvapaccattaṃ. <span class="bld">Socanā</span>ti socanākāro. <span class="bld">Socitatta</span>nti socitabhāvo. <span class="bld">Antosoko</span>ti abbhantarasoko. Dutiyapadaṃ upasaggena vaḍḍhitaṃ. So hi abbhantaraṃ sukkhāpento viya parisukkhāpento viya uppajjatīti ‘‘antosoko antoparisoko’’ti vuccati. <span class="bld">Cetaso parijjhāyanā</span>ti cittassa parijjhāyanākāro. Soko hi uppajjamāno aggi viya cittaṃ jhāpeti dahati, ‘‘cittaṃ me jhāmaṃ, na me kiñci paṭibhātī’’ti vadāpeti. Dukkhito mano dummano, tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">domanassaṃ</span>. Anupaviṭṭhaṭṭhena sokova sallanti <span class="bld">sokasallaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paridevaniddese ‘‘mayhaṃ dhītā, mayhaṃ putto’’ti evaṃ ādissa ādissa devanti rodanti etenāti <span class="bld">ādevo</span>. Taṃ taṃ vaṇṇaṃ parikittetvā parikittetvā devanti etenāti <span class="bld">paridevo</span>. Tato parāni dve dve padāni purimadvayasseva ākārabhāvaniddesavasena vuttāni. <span class="bld">Vācā</span>ti vacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Palāpo</span>ti tucchaṃ niratthakavacanaṃ. Upaḍḍhabhaṇitaaññabhaṇitādivasena virūpo palāpoti <span class="bld">vippalāpo. Lālappo</span>ti punappunaṃ lapanaṃ. Lālappanākāro <span class="bld">lālappanā</span>. Lālappitassa bhāvo <span class="bld">lālappitattaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dukkhaniddese <a name="M1.0144"></a> kāyanissitattā <span class="bld">kāyikaṃ</span>. Amadhuraṭṭhena <span class="bld">asātaṃ</span>. Kāyikapadena cetasikaasātaṃ paṭikkhipati, asātapadena kāyikasātaṃ. Tadeva dukkhayatīti <span class="bld">dukkhaṃ,</span> yassuppajjati, taṃ dukkhitaṃ karotīti attho. Dukkhamattā vā dukkhaṃ. <span class="bld">Kāyasamphassaja</span>nti kāyasamphasse <a name="V1.0132"></a> jātaṃ. <span class="bld">Asātaṃ dukkhaṃ vedayita</span>nti asātaṃ vedayitaṃ na sātaṃ, dukkhaṃ vedayitaṃ na sukhaṃ. Parato tīṇi padāni itthiliṅgavasena vuttāni. Asātā vedanā na sātā, dukkhā vedanā na sukhāti ayameva panettha attho. Yaṃ kāyikaṃ asātaṃ dukkhaṃ vedayitaṃ, yā kāyasamphassajā asātā dukkhā vedanā, idaṃ vuccati dukkhanti evaṃ yojanā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Domanassaniddese duṭṭhu manoti dummano, hīnavedanattā <a name="P1.0156"></a> vā kucchitaṃ manoti dummano, dummanassa bhāvo <span class="bld">domanassaṃ</span>. Cittanissitattā <span class="bld">cetasikaṃ. Cetosamphassaja</span>nti cittasamphasse jātaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Upāyāsaniddese āyāsanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">āyāso</span>. Saṃsīdanavisīdanākārappavattassa cittakilamathassetaṃ nāmaṃ. Balavaāyāso <span class="bld">upāyāso</span>. Āyāsitabhāvo <span class="bld">āyāsitattaṃ.</span> Upāyāsitabhāvo <span class="bld">upāyāsitattaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Appiyasampayoganiddese <span class="bld">idhā</span>ti imasmiṃ loke. <span class="bld">Yassā</span>ti ye assa. <span class="bld">Aniṭṭhā</span>ti apariyesitā. Pariyesitā vā hontu apariyesitā vā, nāmamevetaṃ amanāpārammaṇānaṃ. Manasmiṃ na kamanti na pavisantīti <span class="bld">akantā</span>. Manasmiṃ na appiyanti, na vā manaṃ vaḍḍhentīti <span class="bld">amanāpā</span>. <span class="bld">Rūpā</span>tiādi tesaṃ sabhāvanidassanaṃ. Anatthaṃ kāmenti icchantīti <span class="bld">anatthakāmā</span>. Ahitaṃ kāmenti icchantīti <span class="bld">ahitakāmā</span>. Aphāsuṃ dukkhavihāraṃ kāmenti icchantīti <span class="bld">aphāsukāmā</span>. Catūhi yogehi khemaṃ nibbhayaṃ vivaṭṭaṃ na kāmenti, sabhayaṃ vaṭṭameva nesaṃ kāmenti icchantīti <span class="bld">ayogakkhemakāmā</span>. Apica saddhādīnaṃ vuddhisaṅkhātassa atthassa akāmanato, tesaṃyeva hānisaṅkhātassa anatthassa ca kāmanato <span class="bld">anatthakāmā</span>. Saddhādīnaṃyeva upāyabhūtassa hitassa akāmanato, saddhāhāniādīnaṃ upāyabhūtassa ahitassa ca kāmanato <span class="bld">ahitakāmā</span>. Phāsuvihārassa <a name="M1.0145"></a> akāmanato, aphāsuvihārassa ca kāmanato <span class="bld">aphāsukāmā</span>. Yassa kassaci nibbhayassa akāmanato, bhayassa ca kāmanato <span class="bld">ayogakkhemakāmā</span>ti evamettha attho daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saṅgatī</span>ti gantvā saṃyogo. <span class="bld">Samāgamo</span>ti āgatehi saṃyogo. <span class="bld">Samodhāna</span>nti ṭhānanisajjādīsu sahabhāvo. <span class="bld">Missībhāvo</span>ti sabbakiccānaṃ sahakaraṇaṃ. Ayaṃ sattavasena yojanā. Saṅkhāravasena pana yaṃ labbhati, taṃ gahetabbaṃ. So pana appiyasampayogo atthato eko dhammo nāma natthi, kevalaṃ appiyasampayuttānaṃ duvidhassāpi dukkhassa vatthubhāvato dukkhoti vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Piyavippayoganiddeso <a name="V1.0133"></a> vuttapaṭipakkhanayena veditabbo. <span class="bld">Mātā vā</span>tiādi panettha atthakāme sarūpena dassetuṃ vuttaṃ. Tattha mamāyatīti <span class="bld">mātā,</span> piyāyatīti <span class="bld">pitā</span>. Bhajatīti <a name="P1.0157"></a> <span class="bld">bhātā,</span> tathā <span class="bld">bhaginī</span>. Mettāyantīti <span class="bld">mittā,</span> minanti vā sabbaguyhesu anto pakkhipantīti mittā. Kiccakaraṇīyesu sahabhāvaṭṭhena amā hontīti <span class="bld">amaccā</span>. ‘‘Ayaṃ amhākaṃ ajjhattiko’’ti evaṃ jānanti, ñāyantīti vā <span class="bld">ñātī</span>. Lohitena sambandhāti <span class="bld">sālohitā</span>. Pitupakkhikā ñātī, mātupakkhikā sālohitā. Mātāpitupakkhikā vā ñātī, sassusasurapakkhikā sālohitā. Ayampi piyavippayogo atthato eko dhammo nāma natthi, kevalaṃ piyavippayuttānaṃ duvidhassāpi dukkhassa vatthubhāvato dukkhoti vutto. Idamettha sabbaaṭṭhakathāvacanaṃ. Saccānaṃ pana tathalakkhaṇattā sampayogavippayogavacanehi appiyapiyavatthūniyeva visesitānīti vattuṃ yujjatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Icchitālābhaniddese <span class="bld">jātidhammāna</span>nti jātisabhāvānaṃ jātipakatikānaṃ. <span class="bld">Icchā uppajjatī</span>ti taṇhā uppajjati. <span class="bld">Aho vatā</span>ti patthanā. <span class="bld">Assāmā</span>ti bhaveyyāma. <span class="bld">Na kho panetaṃ icchāya pattabba</span>nti yaṃ etaṃ ‘‘aho vata mayaṃ na jātidhammā assāma, na ca vata no jāti āgaccheyyā’’ti evaṃ pahīnasamudayesu sādhūsu vijjamānaṃ ajātidhammattaṃ parinibbutesu ca vijjamānaṃ jātiyā anāgamanaṃ icchitaṃ, taṃ icchantassāpi maggabhāvanāya vinā appattabbato, anicchantassāpi ca bhāvanāya pattabbato na icchāya pattabbaṃ nāma hoti. <span class="bld">Idampī</span>ti etampi. Upari sesāni upādāya <span class="bld">api</span>saddo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Upādānakkhandhaniddese <a name="M1.0146"></a> <span class="bld">seyyathida</span>nti nipāto, tassa te katame iti ceti attho. Rūpameva upādānakkhandhoti <span class="bld">rūpupādānakkhandho</span>. Eseva nayo sesesupi.</p>
<p class="centered">Dukkhasaccaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Samudayasaccaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para34"></a><span class="paranum">34</span>. Samudayasaccaniddese <a name="V1.0134"></a><a name="P1.0158"></a> <span class="bld">yāyaṃ taṇhā</span>ti yā ayaṃ taṇhā. <span class="bld">Ponobhavikā</span>ti punabbhavakaraṇaṃ punobhavo, punobhavo sīlamassāti ponobhavikā. Apica punabbhavaṃ deti, punabbhavāya saṃvattati, punappunaṃ bhave nibbattetīti ponobhavikā. Sā panesā punabbhavassa dāyikāpi atthi adāyikāpi, punabbhavāya saṃvattanikāpi atthi asaṃvattanikāpi, dinnāya paṭisandhiyā upadhivepakkamattāpi. Sā tippakārāpi ponobhavikāti nāmaṃ labhati. Ponabbhavikātipi pāṭho, soyevattho. Abhinandanasaṅkhātena nandirāgena saha gatāti <span class="bld">nandirāgasahagatā</span>. Nandirāgena saddhiṃ atthato ekattameva gatāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Tatra tatrābhinandinī</span>ti yatra yatra attabhāvo nibbattati, tatra tatra abhinandinī. Rūpādīsu vā ārammaṇesu tatra tatrābhinandinī, rūpābhinandinī saddagandharasaphoṭṭhabbadhammābhinandinīti attho. Tatra tatrābhinandītipi pāṭho, tatra tatra abhinandayatīti attho. <span class="bld">Seyyathida</span>nti nipāto, tassa sā katamā iti ceti attho. <span class="bld">Kāmataṇhā</span>ti kāme taṇhā, pañcakāmaguṇikarāgassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhavataṇhā</span>ti bhave taṇhā. Bhavapatthanāvasena uppannassa sassatadiṭṭhisahagatassa rāgassa rūpārūpabhavarāgassa ca jhānanikantiyā ca etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Vibhavataṇhā</span>ti vibhave taṇhā. Ucchedadiṭṭhisahagatarāgassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni tassā taṇhāya vatthuṃ vitthārato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">sā kho panesā</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">uppajjatī</span>ti jāyati. <span class="bld">Nivisatī</span>ti punappunaṃ pavattivasena patiṭṭhāti. Uppajjamānā kattha uppajjati, nivisamānā kattha nivisatīti <a name="P1.0159"></a> sambandho. <span class="bld">Yaṃ loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpa</span>nti yaṃ lokasmiṃ piyasabhāvañceva <a name="M1.0147"></a> madhurasabhāvañca. <span class="bld">Cakkhu loke</span>tiādīsu lokasmiñhi cakkhuādīsu mamattena abhiniviṭṭhā sattā sampattiyaṃ patiṭṭhitā attano cakkhuṃ ādāsādīsu nimittaggahaṇānusārena vippasannaṃ pañcapasādaṃ suvaṇṇavimāne ugghāṭitamaṇisīhapañjaraṃ viya maññanti, sotaṃ rajatapanāḷikaṃ viya pāmaṅgasuttakaṃ viya ca maññanti, tuṅganāsāti laddhavohāraṃ ghānaṃ vaṭṭetvā ṭhapitaharitālavaṭṭiṃ viya maññanti, jivhaṃ rattakambalapaṭalaṃ viya mudusiniddhamadhurarasadaṃ maññanti, kāyaṃ sālalaṭṭhiṃ viya suvaṇṇatoraṇaṃ viya ca maññanti, manaṃ aññesaṃ manena asadisaṃ uḷāraṃ maññanti, rūpaṃ suvaṇṇakaṇikārapupphādivaṇṇaṃ viya, saddaṃ mattakaravīkakokilamandadhamitamaṇivaṃsanigghosaṃ viya, attanā paṭiladdhāni catusamuṭṭhānikagandhārammaṇādīni ‘‘kassaññassa evarūpāni atthī’’ti maññanti, tesaṃ evaṃ maññamānānaṃ tāni cakkhādīni piyarūpāni ceva sātarūpāni ca honti. Atha nesaṃ tattha anuppannā ceva taṇhā uppajjati<a name="V1.0135"></a>, uppannā ca punappunaṃ pavattivasena nivisati. Tasmā thero ‘‘cakkhu loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjatī’’tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">uppajjamānā</span>ti yadā uppajjati, tadā ettha uppajjatīti attho.</p>
<p class="centered">Samudayasaccaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Nirodhasaccaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="hangnum"><a name="para35"></a><span class="paranum">35</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"> Nirodhasaccaniddese <a name="P1.0160"></a> <span class="bld">yo tassāyeva taṇhāyā</span>ti ettha ‘‘yo tasseva dukkhassā’’ti vattabbe yasmā samudayanirodheneva dukkhaṃ nirujjhati, no aññathā. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yathāpi mūle anupaddave daḷhe, chinnopi rukkho punareva rūhati;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Evampi taṇhānusaye anūhate, nibbattatī dukkhamidaṃ punappuna’’nti. (dha. pa. 338);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tasmā taṃ dukkhanirodhaṃ dassento samudayanirodhena dassetuṃ evamāha. Sīhasamānavuttino hi tathāgatā, te dukkhaṃ nirodhentā dukkhanirodhañca dassentā hetumhi paṭipajjanti, na phale. Suvānavuttino pana aññatitthiyā<a name="M1.0148"></a>, te dukkhaṃ nirodhentā dukkhanirodhañca dassentā attakilamathānuyogena ceva tasseva ca desanāya phale paṭipajjanti, na hetumhīti. Sīhasamānavuttitāya satthā hetumhi paṭipajjanto ‘‘yo tassāyevā’’tiādimāha. Dhammasenāpatipi satthārā vuttakkamenevāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">tassāyeva taṇhāyā</span>ti yā sā taṇhā ‘‘ponobhavikā’’ti vatvā kāmataṇhādivasena vibhattā uppattinivesanavasena ca heṭṭhā pakāsitā, tassāyeva taṇhāya. <span class="bld">Asesavirāganirodho</span>ti virāgo vuccati maggo, ‘‘virāgā vimuccatī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.245; saṃ. ni. 3.12; mahāva. 23) hi vuttaṃ. Virāgena nirodho virāganirodho, anusayasamugghātato aseso virāganirodho asesavirāganirodho. Atha vā virāgoti hi pahānaṃ vuccati, tasmā aseso virāgo aseso nirodhoti evampettha yojanā daṭṭhabbā. Atthato pana sabbāneva panetāni asesavirāganirodhotiādīni nibbānasseva vevacanāni. Paramatthato hi dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasaccanti <a name="V1.0136"></a> nibbānaṃ vuccati. Yasmā pana taṃ āgamma taṇhā asesā virajjati nirujjhati, tasmā taṃ ‘‘tassāyeva taṇhāya asesavirāganirodho’’ti vuccati. Nibbānañca āgamma taṇhā cajīyati paṭinissajjīyati <a name="P1.0161"></a> muccati na allīyati, kāmaguṇālayesu cettha ekopi ālayo natthi, tasmā nibbānaṃ <span class="bld">cāgo paṭinissaggo mutti anālayo</span>ti vuccati. Ekameva hi nibbānaṃ, nāmāni panassa sabbasaṅkhatānaṃ nāmapaṭipakkhavasena anekāni honti. Seyyathidaṃ – asesavirāgo asesanirodho cāgo paṭinissaggo mutti anālayo rāgakkhayo dosakkhayo mohakkhayo taṇhākkhayo anuppādo appavattaṃ animittaṃ appaṇihitaṃ anāyūhanaṃ appaṭisandhi anupapatti agati ajātaṃ ajaraṃ abyādhi amataṃ asokaṃ aparidevaṃ anupāyāsaṃ asaṃkiliṭṭhantiādīni.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni maggena chinnāya nibbānaṃ āgamma appavattippattāyapi ca taṇhāya yesu vatthūsu tassā uppatti dassitā, tattheva abhāvaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">sā kho panesā</span>tiādimāha. Tattha yathā puriso khette jātaṃ tittakālābuvalliṃ disvā aggato paṭṭhāya mūlaṃ pariyesitvā chindeyya, sā anupubbena milāyitvā appaññattiṃ gaccheyya, tato tasmiṃ khette tittakālābu niruddhā pahīnāti vucceyya, evameva khette tittakālābu <a name="M1.0149"></a> viya cakkhādīsu taṇhā. Sā ariyamaggena mūlacchinnā nibbānaṃ āgamma appavattiṃ gacchati. Evaṃ gatā pana tesu vatthūsu khette tittakālābu viya na paññāyati. Yathā ca aṭavito core ānetvā nagarassa dakkhiṇadvāre ghāteyyuṃ, tato aṭaviyaṃ corā matāti vā māritāti vā vucceyyuṃ, evameva aṭaviyaṃ corā viya yā cakkhādīsu taṇhā, sā dakkhiṇadvāre corā viya nibbānaṃ āgamma niruddhattā nibbāne niruddhā. Evaṃ niruddhā pana tesu vatthūsu aṭaviyaṃ corā viya na paññāyati. Tenassā tattheva nirodhaṃ dassento ‘‘cakkhu loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyatī’’tiādimāha. Atha vā taṇhuppādavatthussa pariññātattā pariññātavatthusmiṃ puna na uppajjanato anuppādanirodhavasena taṇhuppādavatthusmiṃyeva nirujjhatīti vuccati. Ettha ca uppajjanapaṭipakkhavasena pahīyatīti vuttaṃ, nivisanapaṭipakkhavasena nirujjhatīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Nirodhasaccaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Maggasaccaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="hangnum"><a name="para36"></a><span class="paranum">36</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"> Maggasaccaniddese <a name="V1.0137"></a><a name="P1.0162"></a> <span class="bld">ayamevā</span>ti aññamaggapaṭikkhepanatthaṃ niyamanaṃ (vibha. aṭṭha. 205). <span class="bld">Ariyo</span>ti taṃtaṃmaggavajjhakilesehi ārakattā, ariyabhāvakarattā, ariyaphalapaṭilābhakarattā ca ariyo. Aṭṭha aṅgāni assāti <span class="bld">aṭṭhaṅgiko</span>. Svāyaṃ caturaṅgikā viya senā, pañcaṅgikaṃ viya tūriyaṃ aṅgamattameva hoti, aṅgavinimutto natthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni aṅgamattameva maggo aṅgavinimutto natthīti dassento <span class="bld">sammādiṭṭhi…pe… sammāsamādhī</span>tiādimāha. Tattha sammā dassanalakkhaṇā <span class="bld">sammādiṭṭhi.</span> Sammā abhiniropanalakkhaṇo <span class="bld">sammāsaṅkappo</span>. Sammā pariggahalakkhaṇā <span class="bld">sammāvācā</span>. Sammā samuṭṭhāpanalakkhaṇo <span class="bld">sammākammanto</span>. Sammā vodāpanalakkhaṇo <span class="bld">sammāājīvo</span>. Sammā paggahalakkhaṇo <span class="bld">sammāvāyāmo</span>. Sammā upaṭṭhānalakkhaṇā <span class="bld">sammāsati</span>. Sammā samādhānalakkhaṇo <span class="bld">sammāsamādhi</span>. Tesu ekekassa tīṇi tīṇi kiccāni honti. Seyyathidaṃ – sammādiṭṭhi <a name="M1.0150"></a> tāva aññehipi attano paccanīkakilesehi saddhiṃ micchādiṭṭhiṃ pajahati, nirodhañca ārammaṇaṃ karoti, sampayuttadhamme ca passati tappaṭicchādakamohavidhamanavasena asammohato. Sammāsaṅkappādayopi tatheva micchāsaṅkappādīni ca pajahanti, nibbānañca ārammaṇaṃ karonti. Visesato panettha sammāsaṅkappo sahajātadhamme sammā abhiniropeti, sammāvācā sammā pariggaṇhāti, sammākammanto sammā samuṭṭhāpeti, sammāājīvo sammā vodāpeti, sammāvāyāmo sammā paggaṇhāti, sammāsati sammā upaṭṭhāpeti, sammāsamādhi sammā samādahati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apicesā sammādiṭṭhi nāma pubbabhāge nānākkhaṇā nānārammaṇā hoti, maggakāle ekakkhaṇā ekārammaṇā. Kiccato pana ‘‘dukkhe ñāṇa’’ntiādīni cattāri nāmāni labhati<a name="P1.0163"></a>. Sammāsaṅkappādayopi pubbabhāge nānākkhaṇā nānārammaṇā honti, maggakāle ekakkhaṇā ekārammaṇā. Tesu sammāsaṅkappo kiccato nekkhammasaṅkappotiādīni tīṇi nāmāni labhati. Sammāvācādayo tayo pubbabhāge viratiyopi honti cetanāyopi, maggakkhaṇe pana viratiyoyeva. Sammāvāyāmo sammāsatīti idampi dvayaṃ kiccato sammappadhānasatipaṭṭhānavasena cattāri nāmāni labhati. Sammāsamādhi pana pubbabhāgepi maggakkhaṇepi sammāsamādhiyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Iti imesu aṭṭhasu dhammesu bhagavatā nibbānādhigamāya paṭipannassa yogino bahūpakārattā paṭhamaṃ <a name="V1.0138"></a> sammādiṭṭhi desitā. Ayañhi ‘‘paññāpajjoto paññāsattha’’nti (dha. sa. 16, 20, 29) ca vuttā. Tasmā etāya pubbabhāge vipassanāñāṇasaṅkhātāya sammādiṭṭhiyā avijjandhakāraṃ vidhamitvā kilesacore ghātento khemena yogāvacaro nibbānaṃ pāpuṇāti. Tasmā paṭhamaṃ sammādiṭṭhi desitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sammāsaṅkappo pana tassā bahūpakāro. Tasmā tadanantaraṃ vutto. Yathā hi heraññiko hatthena parivattetvā parivattetvā cakkhunā kahāpaṇaṃ olokento ‘‘ayaṃ kūṭo ayaṃ cheko’’ti jānāti, evaṃ yogāvacaropi pubbabhāge vitakkena vitakketvā vitakketvā vipassanāpaññāya olokayamāno ‘‘ime dhammā kāmāvacarā, ime rūpāvacarādayo’’ti jānāti. Yathā vā pana purisena koṭiyaṃ gahetvā parivattetvā parivattetvā dinnaṃ mahārukkhaṃ tacchako vāsiyā tacchetvā kamme <a name="M1.0151"></a> upaneti, evaṃ vitakkena vitakketvā vitakketvā dinnadhamme yogāvacaro paññāya ‘‘ime dhammā kāmāvacarā, ime rūpāvacarā’’tiādinā nayena paricchinditvā kamme upaneti. Tasmā sammāsaṅkappo sammādiṭṭhānantaraṃ vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Svāyaṃ yathā sammādiṭṭhiyā, evaṃ sammāvācāyapi upakārako. Yathāha – ‘‘pubbe kho, gahapati, vitakketvā vicāretvā pacchā vācaṃ bhindatī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.463). Tasmā tadanantaraṃ sammāvācā vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā pana ‘‘idañcidañca karissāmā’’ti paṭhamaṃ vācāya saṃvidahitvā loke kammante payojenti, tasmā vācā kāyakammassa upakārikāti sammāvācāya anantaraṃ sammākammanto vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Catubbidhaṃ pana vacīduccaritaṃ, tividhaṃ kāyaduccaritaṃ pahāya ubhayaṃ sucaritaṃ pūrentasseva yasmā ājīvaṭṭhamakasīlaṃ pūrati, na itarassa<a name="P1.0164"></a>, tasmā tadubhayānantaraṃ sammāājīvo vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ visuddhājīvena pana ‘‘parisuddho me ājīvo’’ti ettāvatā paritosaṃ katvā suttappamattena viharituṃ na yuttaṃ, atha kho sabbairiyāpathesu idaṃ vīriyamārabhitabbanti dassetuṃ tadanantaraṃ sammāvāyāmo vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tato <a name="V1.0139"></a> āraddhavīriyenāpi kāyādīsu catūsu vatthūsu sati sūpaṭṭhitā kātabbāti dassetuṃ tadanantaraṃ sammāsati vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā pana evaṃ sūpaṭṭhitāya satiyā samādhissa upakārānupakārānaṃ dhammānaṃ gatiyo samanvesitvā pahoti ekattārammaṇe cittaṃ samādhātuṃ, tasmā sammāsatianantaraṃ sammāsamādhi vuttoti veditabboti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sammādiṭṭhiniddese ‘‘dukkhe ñāṇa’’ntiādinā catusaccakammaṭṭhānaṃ dassitaṃ. Tattha purimāni dve saccāni vaṭṭaṃ, pacchimāni dve vivaṭṭaṃ. Tesu bhikkhuno vaṭṭe kammaṭṭhānābhiniveso hoti, vivaṭṭe natthi abhiniveso. Purimāni hi dve saccāni ‘‘pañcakkhandhā dukkhaṃ, taṇhā samudayo’’ti evaṃ saṅkhepena ca, ‘‘katame <a name="M1.0152"></a> pañcakkhandhā? Rūpakkhandho’’tiādinā nayena vitthārena ca ācariyasantike uggaṇhitvā vācāya punappunaṃ parivattento yogāvacaro kammaṃ karoti. Itaresu pana dvīsu saccesu ‘‘nirodhasaccaṃ iṭṭhaṃ kantaṃ manāpaṃ, maggasaccaṃ iṭṭhaṃ kantaṃ manāpa’’nti evaṃ savaneneva kammaṃ karoti. So evaṃ kammaṃ karonto cattāri saccāni ekapaṭivedhena paṭivijjhati, ekābhisamayena abhisameti. Dukkhaṃ pariññāpaṭivedhena paṭivijjhati, samudayaṃ pahānapaṭivedhena paṭivijjhati. Nirodhaṃ sacchikiriyāpaṭivedhena paṭivijjhati, maggaṃ bhāvanāpaṭivedhena paṭivijjhati. Dukkhaṃ pariññābhisamayena…pe… maggaṃ bhāvanābhisamayena abhisameti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evamassa pubbabhāge dvīsu saccesu uggahaparipucchāsavanadhāraṇasammasanapaṭivedho hoti, dvīsu savanapaṭivedhoyeva. Aparabhāge tīsu kiccato paṭivedho hoti nirodhe ārammaṇapaṭivedho. Tattha sabbampi paṭivedhañāṇaṃ lokuttaraṃ, savanadhāraṇasammasanañāṇaṃ lokiyaṃ kāmāvacaraṃ. Paccavekkhaṇā pana pattasaccassa hoti, ayañca ādikammiko. Tasmā sā idha na vuttā. Imassa ca <a name="P1.0165"></a> bhikkhuno pubbe pariggahato ‘‘dukkhaṃ parijānāmi, samudayaṃ pajahāmi, nirodhaṃ sacchikaromi, maggaṃ bhāvemī’’ti ābhogasamannāhāramanasikārapaccavekkhaṇā natthi, pariggahato paṭṭhāya hoti. Aparabhāge pana dukkhaṃ pariññātameva hoti…pe… maggo bhāvitova hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha dve saccāni duddasattā gambhīrāni, dve gambhīrattā duddasāni. Dukkhasaccañhi uppattito pākaṭaṃ, khāṇukaṇṭakappahārādīsu ‘‘aho dukkha’’nti vattabbatampi āpajjati. Samudayasaccaṃ khāditukāmatābhuñjitukāmatādivasena uppattito pākaṭaṃ. Lakkhaṇapaṭivedhato pana ubhayampi <a name="V1.0140"></a> gambhīraṃ. Iti tāni duddasattā gambhīrāni. Itaresaṃ pana dvinnaṃ dassanatthāya payogo bhavaggaggahaṇatthaṃ hatthapasāraṇaṃ viya, avīciphusanatthaṃ pādapasāraṇaṃ viya, satadhā bhinnassa vālassa koṭiyā koṭipaṭipādanaṃ viya ca hoti. Iti tāni gambhīrattā duddasāni. Evaṃ duddasattā gambhīresu gambhīrattā ca duddasesu catūsu saccesu uggahādivasena pubbabhāgañāṇuppattiṃ sandhāya idaṃ ‘‘dukkhe ñāṇa’’ntiādi vuttaṃ. Paṭivedhakkhaṇe pana ekameva taṃ ñāṇaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apare <a name="M1.0153"></a> panāhu – catubbidhaṃ saccesu ñāṇaṃ sutamayañāṇaṃ vavatthānañāṇaṃ sammasanañāṇaṃ abhisamayañāṇanti. Tattha katamaṃ sutamayañāṇaṃ? Saṃkhittena vā vitthārena vā cattāri saccāni sutvā jānāti ‘‘idaṃ dukkhaṃ, ayaṃ samudayo, ayaṃ nirodho, ayaṃ maggo’’ti. Idaṃ <span class="bld">sutamayañāṇaṃ</span>. Katamaṃ vavatthānañāṇaṃ? So sutānaṃ atthaṃ upaparikkhati dhammato ca lakkhaṇato ca, ‘‘ime dhammā imasmiṃ sacce pariyāpannā, imassa saccassa idaṃ lakkhaṇa’’nti sanniṭṭhānaṃ karoti. Idaṃ <span class="bld">vavatthānañāṇaṃ</span>. Katamaṃ sammasanañāṇaṃ? So evaṃ yathānupubbaṃ cattāri saccāni vavatthapetvā atha dukkhameva gahetvā yāva gotrabhuñāṇaṃ aniccato dukkhato anattato sammasati. Idaṃ <span class="bld">sammasanañāṇaṃ</span>. Katamaṃ abhisamayañāṇaṃ? Lokuttaramaggakkhaṇe ekena ñāṇena cattāri saccāni apubbaṃ acarimaṃ abhisameti ‘‘dukkhaṃ pariññābhisamayena, samudayaṃ pahānābhisamayena, nirodhaṃ sacchikiriyābhisamayena <a name="P1.0166"></a> maggaṃ bhāvanābhisamayena abhisametī’’ti. Idaṃ <span class="bld">abhisamayañāṇa</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sammāsaṅkappaniddese kāmato nissaṭoti <span class="bld">nekkhammasaṅkappo</span>. Byāpādato nissaṭoti <span class="bld">abyāpādasaṅkappo</span>. Vihiṃsāya nissaṭoti <span class="bld">avihiṃsāsaṅkappo</span>. Tattha nekkhammavitakko kāmavitakkassa padaghātaṃ padacchedaṃ karonto uppajjati, abyāpādavitakko byāpādavitakkassa, avihiṃsāvitakko vihiṃsāvitakkassa. Tathā nekkhammaabyāpādaavihiṃsāvitakkā kāmabyāpādavihiṃsāvitakkānaṃ paccanīkā hutvā uppajjanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha yogāvacaro kāmavitakkassa padaghātanatthaṃ kāmavitakkaṃ vā sammasati aññaṃ vā pana kiñci saṅkhāraṃ. Athassa vipassanākkhaṇe vipassanāsampayutto saṅkappo tadaṅgavasena kāmavitakkassa padaghātaṃ padacchedaṃ karonto uppajjati, vipassanaṃ ussukkāpetvā maggaṃ pāpeti. Athassa maggakkhaṇe maggasampayutto saṅkappo samucchedavasena kāmavitakkassa padaghātaṃ padacchedaṃ karonto uppajjati. Byāpādavitakkassapi padaghātanatthaṃ byāpādavitakkaṃ vā aññaṃ vā <a name="V1.0141"></a> saṅkhāraṃ, vihiṃsāvitakkassa padaghātanatthaṃ vihiṃsāvitakkaṃ vā aññaṃ vā saṅkhāraṃ sammasati. Athassa vipassanākkhaṇeti sabbaṃ purimanayeneva yojetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāmavitakkādīnaṃ <a name="M1.0154"></a> pana tiṇṇampi pāḷiyaṃ vibhattesu aṭṭhatiṃsārammaṇesu ekakammaṭṭhānampi apaccanīkaṃ nāma natthi. Ekantato pana kāmavitakkassa tāva asubhesu paṭhamajjhānameva paccanīkaṃ, byāpādavitakkassa mettāya tikacatukkajjhānāni, vihiṃsaāvitakkassa karuṇāya tikacatukkajjhānāni. Tasmā asubhaparikammaṃ katvā jhānaṃ samāpannassa samāpattikkhaṇe jhānasampayutto vitakko vikkhambhanavasena kāmavitakkassa paccanīko hutvā uppajjati, jhānaṃ pādakaṃ katvā vipassanaṃ paṭṭhapentassa vipassanākkhaṇe vipassanāsampayutto saṅkappo tadaṅgavasena kāmavitakkassa paccanīko hutvā uppajjati, vipassanaṃ ussukkāpetvā maggaṃ pāpentassa maggakkhaṇe maggasampayutto saṅkappo samucchedavasena kāmavitakkassa paccanīko hutvā uppajjati. Evaṃ uppanno nekkhammasaṅkappoti vuccatīti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Mettāya <a name="P1.0167"></a> pana parikammaṃ katvā, karuṇāya parikammaṃ katvā jhānaṃ samāpannassāti sabbaṃ purimanayeneva yojetabbaṃ. Evaṃ uppanno abyāpādasaṅkappoti vuccati, avihiṃsāsaṅkappoti vuccatīti veditabbo. Evamete nekkhammasaṅkappādayo vipassanājhānavasena uppattīnaṃ nānattā pubbabhāge nānā, maggakkhaṇe pana imesu tīsu ṭhānesu uppannassa akusalasaṅkappassa padacchedato anuppattisādhanavasena maggaṅgaṃ pūrayamāno ekova kusalasaṅkappo uppajjati. Ayaṃ sammāsaṅkappo nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sammāvācāniddesepi yasmā aññeneva cittena musāvādā viramati, aññena aññena pisuṇāvācādīhi, tasmā catassopetā veramaṇiyo pubbabhāge nānā, maggakkhaṇe pana micchāvācāsaṅkhātāya catubbidhāya akusaladussīlyacetanāya padacchedato anuppattisādhanavasena maggaṅgaṃ pūrayamānā ekāva sammāvācāsaṅkhātā kusalaveramaṇi uppajjati. Ayaṃ sammāvācā nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sammākammantaniddesepi yasmā aññeneva cittena pāṇātipātā viramati, aññena adinnādānā, aññena micchācārā, tasmā tissopetā veramaṇiyo pubbabhāge nānā, maggakkhaṇe pana micchākammantasaṅkhātāya tividhāya akusaladussīlyacetanāya padacchedato anuppattisādhanavasena maggaṅgaṃ pūrayamānā ekāva sammākammantasaṅkhātā kusalaveramaṇi uppajjati. Ayaṃ sammākammanto nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sammāājīvaniddese <a name="M1.0155"></a><a name="V1.0142"></a> <span class="bld">idhā</span>ti imasmiṃ sāsane. <span class="bld">Ariyasāvako</span>ti ariyassa buddhassa sāvako. <span class="bld">Micchāājīvaṃ pahāyā</span>ti pāpakaṃ ājīvaṃ pajahitvā. <span class="bld">Sammāājīvenā</span>ti buddhappasatthena kusalaājīvena. <span class="bld">Jīvikaṃ kappetī</span>ti jīvitappavattiṃ pavatteti. Idhāpi yasmā aññeneva cittena kāyadvāravītikkamā viramati, aññeneva vacīdvāravītikkamā, tasmā pubbabhāge nānākkhaṇesu uppajjati, maggakkhaṇe pana dvīsu dvāresu sattannaṃ kammapathānaṃ vasena uppannāya micchāājīvadussīlyacetanāya padacchedato anuppattisādhanavasena maggaṅgaṃ pūrayamānā ekāva sammāājīvasaṅkhātā kusalaveramaṇi uppajjati. Ayaṃ sammāājīvo nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sammāvāyāmaniddese <span class="bld">idha bhikkhū</span>ti imasmiṃ sāsane paṭipannako <a name="P1.0168"></a> bhikkhu. <span class="bld">Anuppannāna</span>nti anibbattānaṃ. <span class="bld">Pāpakāna</span>nti lāmakānaṃ. <span class="bld">Akusalānaṃ dhammāna</span>nti akosallasambhūtānaṃ dhammānaṃ. <span class="bld">Anuppādāyā</span>ti na uppādanatthāya. <span class="bld">Chandaṃ janetī</span>ti kattukamyatāsaṅkhātaṃ kusalacchandaṃ janeti uppādeti. <span class="bld">Vāyamatī</span>ti payogaṃ janeti parakkamaṃ karoti. <span class="bld">Vīriyaṃ ārabhatī</span>ti kāyikaṃ cetasikaṃ vīriyaṃ karoti. <span class="bld">Cittaṃ paggaṇhātī</span>ti teneva sahajātavīriyena cittaṃ ukkhipati. <span class="bld">Padahatī</span>ti padhānavīriyaṃ karoti. Paṭipāṭiyā panetāni cattāripi padāni āsevanābhāvanābahulīkammasātaccakiriyāhi yojetabbāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uppannāna</span>nti anuppannānanti avattabbataṃ āpannānaṃ. <span class="bld">Pahānāyā</span>ti pajahanatthāya. <span class="bld">Anuppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammāna</span>nti anibbattānaṃ kosallasambhūtānaṃ dhammānaṃ. <span class="bld">Uppādāyā</span>ti uppādanatthāya. <span class="bld">Uppannāna</span>nti nibbattānaṃ. <span class="bld">Ṭhitiyā</span>ti ṭhitatthāya. <span class="bld">Asammosāyā</span>ti anassanatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhiyyobhāvāyā</span>ti punappunaṃ bhāvāya. <span class="bld">Vepullāyā</span>ti vipulabhāvāya. <span class="bld">Bhāvanāyā</span>ti vaḍḍhiyā. <span class="bld">Pāripūriyā</span>ti paripūraṇatthāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ete pana sammāvāyāmasaṅkhātā cattāro sammappadhānā pubbabhāge lokiyā, maggakkhaṇe lokuttarā. Maggakkhaṇe pana ekameva vīriyaṃ catukiccasādhanavasena cattāri nāmāni labhati. Tattha lokiyā kassapasaṃyutte vuttanayeneva veditabbā. Vuttañhi tattha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Cattārome<a name="M1.0156"></a>, āvuso, sammappadhānā; Katame cattāro? Idhāvuso, bhikkhu ‘anuppannā me pāpakā akusalā dhammā uppajjamānā anatthāya <a name="V1.0143"></a> saṃvatteyyu’nti ātappaṃ karoti, ‘uppannā me pāpakā akusalā dhammā appahīyamānā anatthāya saṃvatteyyu’nti ātappaṃ karoti, ‘anuppannā me kusalā dhammā anuppajjamānā anatthāya saṃvatteyyu’nti ātappaṃ karoti, ‘uppannā me kusalā dhammā nirujjhamānā anatthāya saṃvatteyyu’nti ātappaṃ karotī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 2.145);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha ca <span class="bld">anuppannā</span>ti asamudācāravasena vā ananubhūtārammaṇavasena vā anuppannā. Aññathā hi anamatagge saṃsāre anuppannā pāpakā akusalā dhammā nāma natthi, anuppannā pana uppajjamānāpi eteyeva uppajjanti, pahīyamānāpi eteyeva pahīyanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha ekaccassa vattaganthadhutaṅgasamādhivipassanānavakammabhavānaṃ <a name="P1.0169"></a> aññataravasena kilesā na samudācaranti. Kathaṃ? Ekacco hi vattasampanno hoti, asīti khandhakavattāni cuddasa mahāvattāni cetiyaṅgaṇabodhiyaṅgaṇapānīyamāḷakauposathāgāraāgantukagamikavattāni ca karontasseva kilesā okāsaṃ na labhanti. Aparabhāge panassa vattāni vissajjetvā bhinnavattassa carato ayonisomanasikāraṃ sativossaggañca āgamma uppajjanti. Evampi asamudācāravasena anuppannā uppajjanti nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ekacco ganthayutto hoti, ekampi nikāyaṃ gaṇhāti dvepi tayopi cattāropi pañcapi. Tassa tepiṭakaṃ buddhavacanaṃ atthavasena pāḷivasena anusandhivasena pubbāparavasena gaṇhantassa sajjhāyantassa cintentassa vācentassa desentassa pakāsentassa kilesā okāsaṃ na labhanti. Aparabhāge panassa ganthakammaṃ pahāya kusītassa carato ayonisomanasikārasativossagge āgamma uppajjanti. Evampi asamudācāravasena anuppannā uppajjanti nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ekacco pana dhutaṅgadharo hoti, terasa dhutaṅgaguṇe samādāya vattati, tassa dhutaṅgaguṇe pariharantassa kilesā okāsaṃ na labhanti. Aparabhāge <a name="M1.0157"></a> panassa dhutaṅgāni vissajjetvā bāhullāya āvattassa carato ayonisomanasikārasativossagge āgamma uppajjanti. Evampi asamudācāravasena anuppannā uppajjanti nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ekacco aṭṭhasu samāpattīsu ciṇṇavasī hoti, tassa paṭhamajjhānādīsu āvajjanavasīādīnaṃ vasena viharantassa kilesā okāsaṃ na labhanti. Aparabhāge panassa parihīnajjhānassa vā vissaṭṭhajjhānassa vā bhassādīsu anuyuttassa viharato ayonisomanasikārasativossagge āgamma uppajjanti. Evampi asamudācāravasena anuppannā uppajjanti nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ekacco <a name="V1.0144"></a> pana vipassako hoti, sattasu vā anupassanāsu (paṭi. ma. 3.35) aṭṭhārasasu vā mahāvipassanāsu (paṭi. ma. 1.22) kammaṃ karonto viharati, tassa evaṃ viharato kilesā okāsaṃ na labhanti. Aparabhāge panassa vipassanākammaṃ pahāya kāyadaḷhībahulassa viharato ayonisomanasikārasativossagge āgamma uppajjanti. Evampi asamudācāravasena anuppannā uppajjanti nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ekacco navakammiko hoti, uposathāgārabhojanasālādīni karoti<a name="P1.0170"></a>, tassa tesaṃ upakaraṇāni cintentassa kilesā okāsaṃ na labhanti. Aparabhāge panassa navakamme niṭṭhite vā vissaṭṭhe vā ayonisomanasikārasativossagge āgamma uppajjanti. Evampi asamudācāravasena anuppannā uppajjanti nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ekacco pana brahmalokato āgato suddhasatto hoti, tassa anāsevanāya kilesā okāsaṃ na labhanti. Aparabhāge panassa laddhāsevanassa ayonisomanasikārasativossagge āgamma uppajjanti. Evampi asamudācāravasena anuppannā uppajjanti nāma. Evaṃ tāva asamudācāravasena anuppannatā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ ananubhūtārammaṇavasena? Idhekacco ananubhūtapubbaṃ manāpikādibhedaṃ ārammaṇaṃ labhati, tassa tattha ayonisomanasikārasativossagge āgamma rāgādayo kilesā uppajjanti. Evaṃ ananubhūtārammaṇavasena anuppannā uppajjanti nāma. Evaṃ anuppannānaṃ akusalānaṃ uppāde sati attano <a name="M1.0158"></a> anatthaṃ passitvā tesaṃ anuppādāya satipaṭṭhānabhāvanānuyogena paṭhamaṃ sammappadhānaṃ bhāveti, uppannesu pana tesu tesaṃ appahānato attano anatthaṃ passitvā tesaṃ pahānāya dutiyaṃ tatheva sammappadhānaṃ bhāveti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anuppannā kusalā dhammā</span>ti samathavipassanā ceva maggo ca. Tesaṃ anuppāde attano anatthaṃ passitvā tesaṃ uppādanatthāya tatheva tatiyaṃ sammappadhānaṃ bhāveti. <span class="bld">Uppannā kusalā dhammā</span>ti samathavipassanāva. Maggo pana sakiṃ uppajjitvā nirujjhamāno anatthāya saṃvattanako nāma natthi. So hi phalassa paccayaṃ datvāva nirujjhati. Tāsaṃ samathavipassanānaṃ nirodhato attano anatthaṃ passitvā tāsaṃ ṭhitiyā tatheva catutthaṃ sammappadhānaṃ bhāveti. Lokuttaramaggakkhaṇe pana ekameva vīriyaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ye <a name="V1.0145"></a> evaṃ anuppannā uppajjeyyuṃ, te yathā neva uppajjanti, evaṃ tesaṃ anuppannānaṃ anuppādakiccaṃ, uppannānañca pahānakiccaṃ sādheti. <span class="bld">Uppannā</span>ti cettha catubbidhaṃ uppannaṃ vattamānuppannaṃ bhūtāpagatuppannaṃ okāsakatuppannaṃ bhūmiladdhuppannanti. Tattha sabbampi uppādajarābhaṅgasamaṅgisaṅkhātaṃ <a name="P1.0171"></a> <span class="bld">vattamānuppannaṃ</span> nāma. Ārammaṇarasaṃ anubhavitvā niruddhaṃ anubhūtāpagatasaṅkhātaṃ kusalākusalaṃ uppādādittayamanuppatvā niruddhaṃ bhutvāpagatasaṅkhātaṃ sesasaṅkhatañca <span class="bld">bhūtāpagatuppannaṃ</span> nāma. ‘‘Yānissa tāni pubbe katāni kammānī’’ti evamādinā (ma. ni. 3.248) nayena vuttaṃ kammaṃ atītampi samānaṃ aññaṃ vipākaṃ paṭibāhitvā attano vipākassa okāsaṃ katvā ṭhitattā tathā katokāsañca vipākaṃ anuppannampi samānaṃ evaṃ kate okāse ekantena uppajjanato <span class="bld">okāsakatuppannaṃ</span> nāma. Tāsu tāsu bhūmīsu asamūhataṃ akusalaṃ <span class="bld">bhūmiladdhuppannaṃ</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca bhūmiyā bhūmiladdhassa ca nānattaṃ veditabbaṃ – <span class="bld">bhūmī</span>ti hi vipassanāya ārammaṇabhūtā tebhūmakā pañcakkhandhā. Bhūmiladdhaṃ nāma tesu khandhesu uppattirahaṃ kilesajātaṃ. Tena hi sā bhūmiladdhā nāma hotīti tasmā bhūmiladdhanti vuccati. Sā ca kho na ārammaṇavasena. Ārammaṇavasena hi sabbepi atītānāgate pariññātepi ca khīṇāsavānaṃ khandhe ārabbha kilesā uppajjanti. Yadi ca taṃ bhūmiladdhaṃ nāma siyā, tassa appaheyyato na koci bhavamūlaṃ pajaheyya. Vatthuvasena pana bhūmiladdhaṃ veditabbaṃ. Yattha yattha <a name="M1.0159"></a> hi vipassanāya apariññātā khandhā uppajjanti, tattha tattha uppādato pabhuti tesu vaṭṭamūlaṃ kilesajātaṃ anuseti. Taṃ appahīnaṭṭhena bhūmiladdhanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha ca yassa yesu khandhesu appahīnaṭṭhena anusayitā kilesā, tassa te eva khandhā tesaṃ kilesānaṃ vatthu, na aññesaṃ santakā khandhā. Atītakkhandhesu ca appahīnānusayitānaṃ kilesānaṃ atītakkhandhāva vatthu, na itare. Esa nayo anāgatādīsu. Tathā kāmāvacarakkhandhesu appahīnānusayitānaṃ kilesānaṃ kāmāvacarakkhandhā eva vatthu, na itare. Esa nayo rūpārūpāvacaresu. Sotāpannādīsu pana yassa yassa ariyapuggalassa khandhesu taṃ taṃ vaṭṭamūlaṃ kilesajātaṃ tena tena maggena pahīnaṃ, tassa tassa <a name="P1.0172"></a> te te khandhā pahīnānaṃ tesaṃ tesaṃ vaṭṭamūlakānaṃ kilesānaṃ avatthuto bhūmīti saṅkhaṃ na labhanti. Puthujjanassa sabbaso vaṭṭamūlakilesānaṃ appahīnattā yaṃkiñci kariyamānaṃ kammaṃ kusalamakusalaṃ vā hoti, iccassa kammakilesapaccayāva vaṭṭaṃ vaṭṭati, tassa tasseva taṃ vaṭṭamūlaṃ rūpakkhandheyeva, na vedanādīsu. Viññāṇakkhandheyeva vā, na rūpakkhandhādīsūti na vattabbaṃ. Kasmā? Avisesena pañcasupi khandhesu <a name="V1.0146"></a> anusayitattā. Kathaṃ? Pathavīrasādi viya rukkhe. Yathā hi mahārukkhe pathavītalaṃ adhiṭṭhāya pathavīrasañca āporasañca nissāya tappaccayā mūlakhandhasākhāpasākhāpallavapalāsapupphaphalehi vaḍḍhitvā nabhaṃ pūretvā yāva kappāvasānā bījaparamparāya rukkhapaveṇiṃ santānayamāne ṭhite taṃ pathavīrasādimūleyeva, na khandhādīsu. Phaleyeva vā, na mūlādīsūti na vattabbaṃ. Kasmā? Avisesena sabbesu mūlādīsu anugatattāti. Yathā pana tasseva rukkhassa pupphaphalādīsu nibbinno koci puriso catūsu disāsu maṇḍūkakaṇṭakaṃ nāma visakaṇṭakaṃ ākoṭeyya, atha so rukkho tena visasamphassena phuṭṭho pathavīrasaāporasānaṃ pariyādinnattā appasavadhammataṃ āgamma puna santānaṃ nibbattetuṃ na sakkuṇeyya, evameva khandhappavattiyaṃ nibbinno kulaputto tassa purisassa catūsu disāsu rukkhe visayojanaṃ viya attano santāne catumaggabhāvanaṃ ārabhati. Athassa so khandhasantāno tena catumaggavisasamphassena sabbaso vaṭṭamūlakilesānaṃ pariyādinnattā kiriyasabhāvamattaṃ <a name="M1.0160"></a> upagatakāyakammādisabbakammappabhedo hutvā āyatiṃ punabbhavānabhinibbattanadhammataṃ āgamma bhavantarasantānaṃ nibbattetuṃ na sakkoti, kevalaṃ carimaviññāṇanirodhena nirindhano viya jātavedo anupādāno parinibbāyati. Evaṃ bhūmiyā bhūmiladdhassa ca nānattaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparampi catubbidhaṃ uppannaṃ samudācāruppannaṃ ārammaṇādhiggahituppannaṃ <a name="P1.0173"></a> avikkhambhituppannaṃ asamūhatuppannanti. Tattha vattamānuppannameva <span class="bld">samudācāruppannaṃ</span>. Cakkhādīnaṃ pana āpāthagate ārammaṇe pubbabhāge anuppajjamānampi kilesajātaṃ ārammaṇassa adhiggahitattā eva aparabhāge ekantena uppattito <span class="bld">ārammaṇādhiggahituppanna</span>nti vuccati. Samathavipassanānaṃ aññataravasena avikkhambhitaṃ kilesajātaṃ cittasantatimanārūḷhampi uppattinivārakassa hetuno abhāvā <span class="bld">avikkhambhituppannaṃ</span> nāma. Samathavipassanāvasena pana vikkhambhitampi ariyamaggena asamūhatattā uppattidhammataṃ anatītattā <span class="bld">asamūhatuppanna</span>nti vuccati. Tividhampi cetaṃ ārammaṇādhiggahitāvikkhambhitāsamūhatuppannaṃ bhūmiladdheneva saṅgahaṃ gacchatīti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Iccetasmiṃ vuttappabhede uppanne yadetaṃ vattamānabhūtāpagatokāsakatasamudācārasaṅkhātaṃ uppannaṃ, taṃ amaggavajjhattā kenaci maggañāṇena pahātabbaṃ na hoti. Yaṃ panetaṃ bhūmiladdhārammaṇādhiggahitāvikkhambhitāsamūhatasaṅkhātaṃ uppannaṃ, tassa taṃ uppannabhāvaṃ nāsayamānaṃ yasmā taṃ taṃ lokiyalokuttarañāṇaṃ uppajjati, tasmā taṃ sabbampi pahātabbaṃ hotīti. Evaṃ ye maggo kilese pajahati, te sandhāya ‘‘uppannāna’’ntiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha <a name="V1.0147"></a> maggakkhaṇe kathaṃ anuppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ uppādāya bhāvanā hoti, kathañca uppannānaṃ ṭhitiyāti? Maggappavattiyā eva. Maggo hi pavattamāno pubbe anuppannapubbattā anuppanno nāma vuccati. Anāgatapubbañhi ṭhānaṃ āgantvā ananubhūtapubbaṃ vā ārammaṇaṃ anubhavitvā vattāro bhavanti ‘‘anāgataṭṭhānaṃ āgatamha, ananubhūtaṃ ārammaṇaṃ anubhavāmā’’ti. Yāvassa pavatti, ayameva ṭhiti nāmāti ṭhitiyā bhāvetītipi vattuṃ vaṭṭati. Evametassa bhikkhuno idaṃ lokuttaramaggakkhaṇe ekameva vīriyaṃ ‘‘anuppannānaṃ <a name="M1.0161"></a> pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ anuppādāyā’’tiādīni cattāri nāmāni labhati. Ayaṃ lokuttaramaggakkhaṇe sammappadhānakathā. Evamettha lokiyalokuttaramissakā sammappadhānā niddiṭṭhāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sammāsatiniddese <a name="P1.0174"></a> <span class="bld">kāye</span>ti rūpakāye. Rūpakāyo hi idha aṅgapaccaṅgānaṃ kesādīnañca dhammānaṃ samūhaṭṭhena hatthikāyarathakāyādayo viya kāyoti adhippeto. Yathā ca samūhaṭṭhena, evaṃ kucchitānaṃ āyaṭṭhena. Kucchitānañhi paramajegucchānaṃ so āyotipi kāyo. <span class="bld">Āyo</span>ti uppattideso. Tatrāyaṃ vacanattho – āyanti tatoti āyo. Ke āyanti? Kucchitā kesādayo. Iti kucchitānaṃ āyoti kāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāyānupassī</span>ti kāyaṃ anupassanasīlo, kāyaṃ vā anupassamāno. <span class="bld">Kāye</span>ti ca vatvāpi puna <span class="bld">kāyānupassī</span>ti dutiyaṃ kāyaggahaṇaṃ asammissato vavatthānaghanavinibbhogādidassanatthaṃ katanti veditabbaṃ. Tena na kāye vedanānupassī cittadhammānupassī vā, atha kho kāyānupassīyevāti kāyasaṅkhāte vatthusmiṃ kāyānupassanākārasseva dassanena asammissato vavatthānaṃ dassitaṃ hoti. Tathā na kāye aṅgapaccaṅgavinimuttaekadhammānupassī, nāpi kesalomādivinimuttaitthipurisānupassī. Yopi cettha kesalomādiko bhūtupādāyasamūhasaṅkhāto kāyo, tatthāpi na bhūtupādāyavinimuttaekadhammānupassī, atha kho rathasambhārānupassako viya aṅgapaccaṅgasamūhānupassī, nagarāvayavānupassako viya kesalomādisamūhānupassī, kadalikkhandhapattavaṭṭivinibhujjako viya rittamuṭṭhiviniveṭhako viya ca bhūtupādāyasamūhānupassīyevāti samūhavaseneva kāyasaṅkhātassa vatthuno nānappakārato dassanena ghanavinibbhogo dassito hoti. Na hettha yathāvuttasamūhavinimutto kāyo vā itthī vā puriso vā añño vā koci dhammo dissati, yathāvuttadhammasamūhamatteyeva pana tathā tathā sattā micchābhinivesaṃ karonti. Tenāhu porāṇā –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yaṃ <a name="V1.0148"></a> passati na taṃ diṭṭhaṃ, yaṃ diṭṭhaṃ taṃ na passati;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Apassaṃ bajjhate mūḷho, bajjhamāno na muccatī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ghanavinibbhogādidassanatthanti <a name="M1.0162"></a> vuttaṃ. Ādisaddena cettha ayampi attho veditabbo – ayañhi etasmiṃ kāye kāyānupassīyeva, na aññadhammānupassī. Kiṃ vuttaṃ hoti? Yathā anudakabhūtāyapi marīciyā udakānupassino honti, na evaṃ aniccadukkhānattāsubhabhūteyeva imasmiṃ kāye niccasukhattasubhabhāvānupassī, atha kho kāyānupassī <a name="P1.0175"></a></p>
<p class="bodytext">Aniccadukkhānattāsubhākārasamūhānupassīyevāti vuttaṃ hoti. Atha vā yvāyaṃ mahāsatipaṭṭhāne ‘‘idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu araññagato vā rukkhamūlagato vā…pe… so satova assasatī’’tiādinā (dī. ni. 2.374; ma. ni. 1.107) nayena assāsapassāsādi cuṇṇakajātaaṭṭhikapariyosāno kāyo vutto, yo ca parato satipaṭṭhānakathāyaṃ ‘‘idhekacco pathavīkāyaṃ aniccato anupassati, āpokāyaṃ, tejokāyaṃ, vāyokāyaṃ, kesakāyaṃ, lomakāyaṃ, chavikāyaṃ, cammakāyaṃ, maṃsakāyaṃ, ruhirakāyaṃ, nhārukāyaṃ, aṭṭhikāyaṃ, aṭṭhimiñjakāya’’nti (paṭi. ma. 3.35) kāyo vutto, tassa sabbassa imasmiṃyeva kāye anupassanato kāye kāyānupassīti evampi attho daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha vā kāye ahanti vā mamanti vā evaṃ gahetabbassa kassaci ananupassanato tassa tasseva pana kesalomādikassa nānādhammasamūhassa anupassanato kāye kesādidhammasamūhasaṅkhātakāyānupassīti evamattho daṭṭhabbo. Apica ‘‘imasmiṃ kāye aniccato anupassati, no niccato’’tiādinā anukkamena parato āgatanayassa sabbasseva aniccalakkhaṇādino ākārasamūhasaṅkhātassa kāyassa anupassanatopi kāye kāyānupassīti evampi attho daṭṭhabbo. Ayaṃ pana catusatipaṭṭhānasādhāraṇo attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāye kāyānupassī</span>ti assāsapassāsakāyādike bahudhā vutte kāye ekekakāyānupassī. <span class="bld">Viharatī</span>ti catūsu iriyāpathavihāresu aññataravihārasamāyogaparidīpanametaṃ, ekaṃ iriyāpathabādhanaṃ aññena iriyāpathena vicchinditvā apatamānaṃ attānaṃ harati pavattetīti attho. <span class="bld">Ātāpī</span>ti kāyapariggāhakavīriyasamāyogaparidīpanametaṃ. So hi yasmā tasmiṃ samaye yaṃ taṃ vīriyaṃ tīsu bhavesu kilesānaṃ ātāpanato ātāpoti vuccati, tena samannāgato hoti<a name="M1.0163"></a>, tasmā ‘‘ātāpī’’ti vuccati. <span class="bld">Sampajāno</span>ti kāyapariggāhakena sampajaññasaṅkhātena ñāṇena samannāgato. <span class="bld">Satimā</span>ti kāyapariggāhikāya satiyā samannāgato. Ayaṃ pana yasmā satiyā ārammaṇaṃ pariggahetvā <a name="V1.0149"></a> paññāya anupassati<a name="P1.0176"></a>. Na hi sativirahitassa anupassanā nāma atthi. Tenevāha – ‘‘satiñca khvāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sabbatthikaṃ vadāmī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.234). Tasmā ettha ‘‘kāye kāyānupassī viharatī’’ti ettāvatā kāyānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānakammaṭṭhānaṃ vuttaṃ hoti. Atha vā yasmā anātāpino antosaṅkhepo antarāyakaro hoti, asampajāno upāyapariggahe anupāyaparivajjane ca sammuyhati, muṭṭhassati upāyāpariccāge anupāyāpariggahe ca asamattho hoti, tenassa taṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ na sampajjati, tasmā yesaṃ dhammānaṃ ānubhāvena taṃ sampajjati, tesaṃ dassanatthaṃ ‘‘ātāpī sampajāno satimā’’ti idaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Iti kāyānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānaṃ sampayogaṅgañca dassetvā idāni pahānaṅgaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassa</span>nti vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">vineyyā</span>ti tadaṅgavinayena vā vikkhambhanavinayena vā vinayitvā. <span class="bld">Loke</span>ti yvāyaṃ kāyo pubbe pariggahito, sveva idha lujjanapalujjanaṭṭhena loko nāma. Tasmiṃ loke abhijjhaṃ domanassañca pajahitvāti attho. Yasmā panassa na kāyamatteyeva abhijjhādomanassaṃ pahīyati, vedanādīsupi pahīyatiyeva, tasmā ‘‘pañcapi upādānakkhandhā loko’’ti (vibha. 362) vibhaṅge vuttaṃ. Lokasaṅkhātattāyeva tesaṃ dhammānaṃ atthuddhāravasenetaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Yaṃ panāha – ‘‘tattha katamo loko (vibha. 538), sveva kāyo loko’’ti ayamevettha attho. Abhijjhādomanassanti ca samāsetvā vuttaṃ. Saṃyuttaṅguttarapāṭhantaresu pana visuṃ katvā paṭhanti. Sā pana abhijjhāyanti patthayanti etāya, sayaṃ vā abhijjhāyati, abhijjhāyanamattameva vā esāti abhijjhā. Yasmā panettha abhijjhāgahaṇena kāmacchando, domanassagahaṇena byāpādo saṅgahaṃ gacchati, tasmā nīvaraṇapariyāpannabalavadhammadvayadassanena nīvaraṇappahānaṃ vuttaṃ hotīti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Visesena <a name="M1.0164"></a> panettha abhijjhāvinayena kāyasampattimūlakassa anurodhassa, domanassavinayena kāyavipattimūlakassa virodhassa, abhijjhāvinayena ca kāye abhiratiyā, domanassavinayena kāyabhāvanāya <a name="P1.0177"></a> anabhiratiyā, abhijjhāvinayena kāye abhūtānaṃ subhasukhabhāvādīnaṃ pakkhepassa, domanassavinayena kāye bhūtānaṃ asubhāsukhabhāvādīnaṃ apanayanassa pahānaṃ vuttaṃ. Tena yogāvacarassa yogānubhāvo yogasamatthatā ca dīpitā hoti. Yogānubhāvo hi esa, yadayaṃ anurodhavirodhavippamutto aratiratisaho abhūtapakkhepabhūtāpanayanavirahito ca hoti. Anurodhavirodhavippamutto cesa aratiratisaho abhūtaṃ apakkhipanto bhūtañca anapanento yogasamattho hotīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparo <a name="V1.0150"></a> nayo – ‘‘kāye kāyānupassī’’ti ettha anupassanāya kammaṭṭhānaṃ vuttaṃ. ‘‘Viharatī’’ti ettha vuttavihārena kammaṭṭhānikassa kāyapariharaṇaṃ. ‘‘Ātāpī’’tiādīsu ātāpena sammappadhānaṃ, satisampajaññena sabbatthakakammaṭṭhānaṃ, kammaṭṭhānapariharaṇūpāyo vā. Satiyā vā kāyānupassanāvasena paṭiladdhasamatho, sampajaññena vipassanā, abhijjhādomanassavinayena bhāvanāphalaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vedanāsu vedanānupassī</span>tiādīsu ca vedanādīnaṃ puna vacane payojanaṃ kāyānupassanāyaṃ vuttanayeneva yathāyogaṃ yojetvā veditabbaṃ. Ayaṃ pana asādhāraṇattho – sukhādīsu anekappabhedāsu vedanāsu visuṃ visuṃ aniccādito ekekavedanānupassīti, sarāgādike soḷasappabhede citte visuṃ visuṃ aniccādito ekekacittānupassīti, kāyavedanācittāni ṭhapetvā sesatebhūmakadhammesu visuṃ visuṃ aniccādito ekekadhammānupassīti, satipaṭṭhānasuttante (dī. ni. 2.382; ma. ni. 1.115) vuttanayena nīvaraṇādidhammānupassīti vā. Ettha ca ‘‘kāye’’ti ekavacanaṃ sarīrassa ekattā, ‘‘citte’’ti ekavacanaṃ cittassa sabhāvabhedābhāvato jātiggahaṇena katanti veditabbaṃ. Yathā ca vedanādayo anupassitabbā, tathā anupassanto vedanāsu vedanānupassī, citte cittānupassī, dhammesu dhammānupassīti veditabbo. Kathaṃ tāva vedanā anupassitabbā? Sukhā <a name="M1.0165"></a> tāva vedanā dukkhato, dukkhā vedanā sallato, adukkhamasukhā vedanā aniccato anupassitabbā. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yo <a name="P1.0178"></a> sukhaṃ dukkhato adda, dukkhamaddakkhi sallato;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Adukkhamasukhaṃ santaṃ, addakkhi naṃ aniccato;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sa ve sammaddaso bhikkhu, parijānāti vedanā’’ti. (saṃ. ni. 4.253);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sabbā eva cetā dukkhatopi anupassitabbā. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘yaṃkiñci vedayitaṃ, sabbaṃ taṃ dukkhasminti vadāmī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 4.259). Sukhadukkhatopi ca anupassitabbā. Yathāha – ‘‘sukhā vedanā ṭhitisukhā vipariṇāmadukkhā. Dukkhā vedanā ṭhitidukkhā vipariṇāmasukhā. Adukkhamasukhā vedanā ñāṇasukhā aññāṇadukkhā’’ti (ma. ni. 1.465). Apica aniccādisattaanupassanāvasenāpi anupassitabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Cittadhammesupi cittaṃ tāva ārammaṇādhipatisahajātabhūmikammavipākakiriyādinānattabhedānaṃ aniccādisattaanupassanānaṃ <a name="V1.0151"></a> sarāgādisoḷasabhedānañca vasena anupassitabbaṃ, dhammā salakkhaṇasāmaññalakkhaṇānaṃ suññatādhammassa aniccādisattaanupassanānaṃ santāsantādīnañca vasena anupassitabbā. Kāmañcettha yassa kāyasaṅkhāte loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ pahīnaṃ, tassa vedanādilokesupi taṃ pahīnameva, nānāpuggalavasena pana nānākkhaṇikasatipaṭṭhānabhāvanāvasena ca sabbattha vuttaṃ. Yato vā ekattha pahīnaṃ, sesesupi pahīnaṃ hoti. Tenevassa tattha pahānadassanatthampi evaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Iti ime cattāro satipaṭṭhānā pubbabhāge nānācittesu labbhanti. Aññeneva hi cittena kāyaṃ pariggaṇhāti, aññena vedanaṃ, aññena cittaṃ, aññena dhamme pariggaṇhāti. Lokuttaramaggakkhaṇe pana ekacitteyeva labbhanti. Ādito hi kāyaṃ pariggaṇhitvā āgatassa vipassanāsampayuttā sati kāyānupassanā nāma, tāya satiyā samannāgato puggalo kāyānupassī nāma. Vipassanaṃ ussukkāpetvā ariyamaggaṃ pattassa maggakkhaṇe maggasampayuttā sati kāyānupassanā nāma, tāya satiyā samannāgato puggalo kāyānupassī nāma. Vedanaṃ pariggaṇhitvā cittaṃ pariggaṇhitvā dhamme pariggaṇhitvā āgatassa vipassanāsampayuttā sati <a name="M1.0166"></a> dhammānupassanā <a name="P1.0179"></a> nāma, tāya satiyā samannāgato puggalo dhammānupassī nāma. Vipassanaṃ ussukkāpetvā ariyamaggaṃ pattassa maggakkhaṇe maggasampayuttā sati dhammānupassanā nāma, tāya satiyā samannāgato puggalo dhammānupassī nāma. Evaṃ tāva desanā puggale tiṭṭhati. Kāye pana ‘‘subha’’nti vipallāsappahānā kāyapariggāhikā sati maggena samijjhatīti kāyānupassanā nāma. Vedanāya ‘‘sukhā’’ti vipallāsappahānā vedanāpariggāhikā sati maggena samijjhatīti vedanānupassanā nāma. Citte ‘‘nicca’’nti vipallāsappahānā cittapariggāhikā sati maggena samijjhatīti cittānupassanā nāma. Dhammesu ‘‘attā’’ti vipallāsappahānā dhammapariggāhikā sati maggena samijjhatīti dhammānupassanā nāma. Iti ekāva maggasampayuttā sati catukiccasādhakattena cattāri nāmāni labhati. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘lokuttaramaggakkhaṇe pana ekacitteyeva labbhantī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sammāsamādhiniddese <span class="bld">vivicceva kāmehī</span>ti kāmehi viviccitvā vinā hutvā apakkamitvā. Yo panāyamettha evakāro, so niyamatthoti veditabbo. Yasmā ca niyamattho, tasmā paṭhamajjhānaṃ upasampajja viharaṇasamaye avijjamānānampi kāmānaṃ tassa paṭhamajjhānassa paṭipakkhabhāvaṃ kāmapariccāgeneva cassa adhigamaṃ dīpeti. Kathaṃ? ‘‘Vivicceva kāmehī’’ti evañhi niyame kayiramāne idaṃ paññāyati – nūnimassa jhānassa kāmā paṭipakkhabhūtā, yesu sati <a name="V1.0152"></a> idaṃ na pavattati, andhakāre sati padīpobhāso viya, tesaṃ pariccāgeneva cassa adhigamo hoti orimatīrapariccāgena pārimatīrassa viya. Tasmā niyamaṃ karotīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha siyā, kasmā panesa pubbapadeyeva vutto, na uttarapade, kiṃ akusalehi dhammehi aviviccāpi jhānaṃ upasampajja vihareyyāti? Na kho panetaṃ evaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Taṃnissaraṇato hi pubbapade esa vutto. Kāmadhātusamatikkamanato hi kāmarāgapaṭipakkhato ca idaṃ jhānaṃ kāmānameva nissaraṇaṃ. Yathāha – ‘‘kāmānametaṃ nissaraṇaṃ yadidaṃ nekkhamma’’nti <a name="P1.0180"></a> (itivu. 72). Uttarapadepi pana yathā ‘‘idheva, bhikkhave, samaṇo, idha dutiyo samaṇo’’ti (ma. ni. 1.139; a. ni. 4.241) ettha evakāro ānetvā vuccati, evaṃ vattabbo. Na hi sakkā ito aññehipi nīvaraṇasaṅkhātehi akusalehi dhammehi avivicca jhānaṃ upasampajja viharituṃ. Tasmā ‘‘vivicceva kāmehi vivicceva akusalehi <a name="M1.0167"></a> dhammehī’’ti evaṃ padadvayepi esa daṭṭhabbo. Padadvayepi ca kiñcāpi viviccāti iminā sādhāraṇavacanena tadaṅgavikkhambhanasamucchedapaṭippassaddhinissaraṇavivekā cittakāyaupadhivivekā ca saṅgahaṃ gacchanti, tathāpi pubbabhāge kāyavivekacittavivekavikkhambhanavivekā daṭṭhabbā, lokuttaramaggakkhaṇe kāyavivekacittavivekasamucchedavivekapaṭippassaddhivivekanissaraṇavivekā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāmehīti iminā pana padena ye ca mahāniddese ‘‘katame vatthukāmā manāpikā rūpā’’tiādinā (mahāni. 1) nayena vatthukāmā vuttā, ye ca tattheva vibhaṅge ca ‘‘chando kāmo, rāgo kāmo, chandarāgo kāmo, saṅkappo kāmo, rāgo kāmo, saṅkapparāgo kāmo’’ti (mahāni. 1; vibha. 564) evaṃ kilesakāmā vuttā, te sabbepi saṅgahitā icceva daṭṭhabbā. Evañhi sati vivicceva kāmehīti vatthukāmehipi viviccevāti attho yujjati. Tena kāyaviveko vutto hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vivicca akusalehi dhammehī</span>ti kilesakāmehi sabbākusalehi vā viviccāti attho yujjati. Tena cittaviveko vutto hoti. Purimena cettha vatthukāmehi vivekavacanato eva kāmasukhapariccāgo, dutiyena kilesakāmehi vivekavacanato nekkhammasukhapariggaho vibhāvito hoti. Evaṃ vatthukāmakilesakāmavivekavacanatoyeva ca etesaṃ paṭhamena saṃkilesavatthuppahānaṃ, dutiyena saṃkilesappahānaṃ. Paṭhamena lolabhāvassa hetupariccāgo, dutiyena bālabhāvassa. Paṭhamena ca payogasuddhi, dutiyena āsayaposanaṃ vibhāvitaṃ hotīti viññātabbaṃ. Esa tāva nayo kāmehīti ettha vuttakāmesu vatthukāmapakkhe.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kilesakāmapakkhe <a name="V1.0153"></a> pana chandoti ca rāgoti ca evamādīhi anekabhedo kāmacchandova kāmoti adhippeto. So ca akusalapariyāpannopi samāno ‘‘tattha katame kāmā, chando kāmo’’tiādinā (vibha. 564) nayena vibhaṅge upari jhānaṅgapaṭipakkhato <a name="P1.0181"></a> visuṃ vutto, kilesakāmattā vā purimapade vutto, akusalapariyāpannattā dutiyapade. Anekabhedato cassa kāmatoti avatvā kāmehīti vuttaṃ. Aññesampi <a name="M1.0168"></a> ca dhammānaṃ akusalabhāve vijjamāne ‘‘tattha katame akusalā dhammā, kāmacchando’’tiādinā (vibha. 564) nayena <span class="bld">vibhaṅge</span> upari jhānaṅgapaccanīkapaṭipakkhabhāvadassanato nīvaraṇāneva vuttāni. Nīvaraṇāni hi jhānaṅgapaccanīkāni, tesaṃ jhānaṅgāneva paṭipakkhāni viddhaṃsakāni vināsakānīti vuttaṃ hoti. Tathā hi ‘‘samādhi kāmacchandassa paṭipakkho, pīti byāpādassa, vitakko thinamiddhassa, sukhaṃ uddhaccakukkuccassa, vicāro vicikicchāyā’’ti peṭake vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evamettha ‘‘vivicceva kāmehī’’ti iminā kāmacchandassa vikkhambhanaviveko vutto hoti. ‘‘Vivicca akusalehi dhammehī’’ti iminā pañcannampi nīvaraṇānaṃ. Agahitaggahaṇena pana paṭhamena kāmacchandassa, dutiyena sesanīvaraṇānaṃ. Tathā paṭhamena tīsu akusalamūlesu pañcakāmaguṇabhedavisayassa lobhassa, dutiyena āghātavatthubhedādivisayānaṃ dosamohānaṃ. Oghādīsu vā dhammesu paṭhamena kāmoghakāmayogakāmāsavakāmupādānaabhijjhākāyagantha kāmarāgasaññojanānaṃ, dutiyena avasesaoghayogāsavaupādānaganthasaṃyojanānaṃ. Paṭhamena taṇhāya taṃsampayuttakānañca, dutiyena avijjāya taṃsampayuttakānañca. Apica paṭhamena lobhasampayuttaaṭṭhacittuppādānaṃ, dutiyena sesānaṃ catunnaṃ akusalacittuppādānaṃ vikkhambhanaviveko vutto hotīti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettāvatā ca paṭhamassa jhānassa pahānaṅgaṃ dassetvā idāni sampayogaṅgaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">savitakkaṃ savicāra</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha ārammaṇe cittassa abhiniropanalakkhaṇo <span class="bld">vitakko</span>. Ārammaṇānumajjanalakkhaṇo <span class="bld">vicāro</span>. Santepi ca nesaṃ katthaci avippayoge oḷārikaṭṭhena pubbaṅgamaṭṭhena ca ghaṇḍābhighāto viya cetaso paṭhamābhinipāto vitakko, sukhumaṭṭhena anumajjanasabhāvena ca ghaṇḍānuravo viya anuppabandho vicāro. Vipphāravā cettha vitakko paṭhamuppattikāle paripphandanabhūto cittassa, ākāse uppatitukāmassa pakkhino pakkhavikkhepo viya, padumābhimukhapāto viya ca gandhānubandhacetaso bhamarassa. Santavutti vicāro <a name="P1.0182"></a> nātiparipphandanabhūto cittassa, ākāse uppatitassa pakkhino pakkhappasāraṇaṃ viya, paribbhamanaṃ viya ca padumābhimukhapatitassa bhamarassa padumassa uparibhāge.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dukanipātaṭṭhakathāyaṃ <a name="M1.0169"></a><a name="V1.0154"></a> pana ‘‘ākāse gacchato mahāsakuṇassa ubhohi pakkhehi vātaṃ gahetvā pakkhe sannisīdāpetvā gamanaṃ viya ārammaṇe cetaso abhiniropanabhāvena pavatto vitakko, vātaggahaṇatthaṃ pakkhe phandāpayamānassa gamanaṃ viya anumajjanabhāvena pavatto vicāro’’ti vuttaṃ. Taṃ anuppabandhena pavattiyaṃ yujjati. So pana tesaṃ viseso paṭhamadutiyajjhānesu pākaṭo hoti. Apica malaggahitaṃ kaṃsabhājanaṃ ekena hatthena daḷhaṃ gahetvā itarena hatthena cuṇṇatelavālaṇḍupakena parimajjantassa daḷhaggahaṇahattho viya vitakko, parimajjanahattho viya vicāro. Tathā kumbhakārassa daṇḍappahārena cakkaṃ bhamayitvā bhājanaṃ karontassa uppīḷanahattho viya vitakko, ito cito ca saṃsaraṇahattho viya vicāro. Tathā maṇḍalaṃ karontassa majjhe sannirujjhitvā ṭhitakaṇṭako viya abhiniropano vitakko, bahi paribbhamanakaṇṭako viya anumajjano vicāro. Iti iminā ca vitakkena iminā ca vicārena saha vattati rukkho viya pupphena phalena cāti idaṃ jhānaṃ ‘‘savitakkaṃ savicāra’’nti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vivekaja</span>nti ettha vivitti viveko, nīvaraṇavigamoti attho. Vivittoti vā viveko, nīvaraṇavivitto jhānasampayuttadhammarāsīti attho. Tasmā vivekā, tasmiṃ vā viveke jātanti vivekajaṃ. <span class="bld">Pītisukha</span>nti ettha pīṇayatīti pīti, sā sampiyāyanalakkhaṇā. Sā panesā khuddikā pīti, khaṇikā pīti, okkantikā pīti, ubbegā pīti, pharaṇā pītīti pañcavidhā hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">khuddikā pīti</span> sarīre lomahaṃsanamattameva kātuṃ sakkoti. <span class="bld">Khaṇikā pīti</span> khaṇe khaṇe vijjuppādasadisā hoti. <span class="bld">Okkantikā pīti</span> samuddatīraṃ vīci viya kāyaṃ okkamitvā okkamitvā bhijjati. <span class="bld">Ubbegā pīti</span> balavatī hoti kāyaṃ uddhaggaṃ katvā ākāse laṅghāpanappamāṇappattā. <span class="bld">Pharaṇā pīti</span> atibalavatī hoti. Tāya hi uppannāya sakalasarīraṃ dhamitvā pūritavatthi viya <a name="P1.0183"></a> mahatā udakoghena pakkhandapabbatakucchi viya ca anupariphuṭaṃ hoti. Sā panesā pañcavidhā pīti gabbhaṃ gaṇhantī paripākaṃ gacchantī duvidhaṃ passaddhiṃ paripūreti kāyapassaddhiñca cittapassaddhiñca. Passaddhi gabbhaṃ gaṇhantī paripākaṃ gacchantī duvidhampi sukhaṃ paripūreti kāyikañca cetasikañca. Sukhaṃ <a name="M1.0170"></a> gabbhaṃ gaṇhantaṃ paripākaṃ gacchantaṃ tividhaṃ samādhiṃ paripūreti – khaṇikasamādhiṃ, upacārasamādhiṃ, appanāsamādhiñcāti. Tāsu ca yā appanāsamādhissa mūlaṃ hutvā vaḍḍhamānā samādhisampayogaṃ gatā pharaṇā pīti, ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā pītīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Itaraṃ <a name="V1.0155"></a> pana sukhayatīti sukhaṃ, yassuppajjati, taṃ sukhitaṃ karotīti attho. Sukhanaṃ vā sukhaṃ, suṭṭhu vā khādati, khaṇati ca kāyacittābādhanti sukhaṃ, somanassavedanāyetaṃ nāmaṃ. Taṃ sātalakkhaṇaṃ. Santepi ca nesaṃ katthaci avippayoge iṭṭhārammaṇapaṭilābhatuṭṭhi pīti, paṭiladdharasānubhavanaṃ sukhaṃ. Yattha pīti, tattha sukhaṃ. Yattha sukhaṃ, tattha na niyamato pīti. Saṅkhārakkhandhasaṅgahitā pīti, vedanākkhandhasaṅgahitaṃ sukhaṃ. Kantārakhinnassa vanantudakadassanasavanesu viya pīti, vanacchāyāpavesanaudakaparibhogesu viya sukhaṃ. Tasmiṃ tasmiṃ samaye pākaṭabhāvato cetaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Iti ayañca pīti idañca sukhaṃ assa jhānassa, asmiṃ vā jhāne atthīti idaṃ jhānaṃ ‘‘pītisukha’’nti vuccati. Atha vā pīti ca sukhañca pītisukhaṃ dhammavinayādayo viya. Vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ assa jhānassa, asmiṃ vā jhāne atthīti evampi vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ. Yatheva hi jhānaṃ, evaṃ pītisukhampettha vivekajameva hoti. Tañcassa atthīti tasmā alopasamāsaṃ katvā ekapadeneva ‘‘vivekajaṃpītisukha’’ntipi vattuṃ yujjati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭhama</span>nti gaṇanānupubbatā paṭhamaṃ, paṭhamaṃ uppannantipi paṭhamaṃ. <span class="bld">Jhāna</span>nti duvidhaṃ jhānaṃ ārammaṇūpanijjhānañca lakkhaṇūpanijjhānañca. Tattha aṭṭha samāpattiyo pathavīkasiṇādiārammaṇaṃ upanijjhāyantīti ‘‘ārammaṇūpanijjhāna’’nti saṅkhyaṃ gatā. Vipassanāmaggaphalāni pana lakkhaṇūpanijjhānaṃ <a name="P1.0184"></a> nāma. Tattha vipassanā aniccādilakkhaṇassa upanijjhānato lakkhaṇūpanijjhānaṃ, vipassanāya katakiccassa maggena ijjhanato maggo lakkhaṇūpanijjhānaṃ, phalaṃ pana nirodhasaccaṃ tathalakkhaṇaṃ upanijjhāyatīti lakkhaṇūpanijjhānaṃ. Tesu idha pubbabhāge ārammaṇūpanijjhānaṃ, lokuttaramaggakkhaṇe lakkhaṇūpanijjhānaṃ adhippetaṃ, tasmā ārammaṇūpanijjhānato lakkhaṇūpanijjhānato paccanīkajjhāpanato ca ‘‘jhāna’’nti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Upasampajjā</span>ti upagantvā, pāpuṇitvāti vuttaṃ hoti. Upasampādayitvā vā, nipphādetvāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Viharatī</span>ti tadanurūpena iriyāpathavihārena iriyati, vuttappakārajhānasamaṅgī hutvā attabhāvassa vuttiṃ abhinipphādeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vitakkavicārānaṃ</span> <a name="M1.0171"></a> <span class="bld">vūpasamā</span>ti ettha vitakkassa ca vicārassa cāti imesaṃ dvinnaṃ vūpasamā samatikkamā, dutiyajjhānakkhaṇe apātubhāvāti vuttaṃ hoti. Tattha kiñcāpi dutiyajjhāne sabbepi paṭhamajjhānadhammā na santi, aññeyeva hi paṭhamajjhāne phassādayo, aññe idhāti. Oḷārikassa pana oḷārikassa aṅgassa samatikkamā paṭhamajjhānato paresaṃ dutiyajjhānādīnaṃ adhigamo hotīti dassanatthaṃ ‘‘vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā’’ti evaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ<a name="V1.0156"></a>. <span class="bld">Ajjhatta</span>nti idha niyakajjhattaṃ adhippetaṃ, tasmā attani jātaṃ, attasantāne nibbattanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sampasādana</span>nti sampasādanaṃ vuccati saddhā. Sampasādanayogato jhānampi sampasādanaṃ nīlavaṇṇayogato nīlavatthaṃ viya. Yasmā vā taṃ jhānaṃ sampasādanasamannāgatattā vitakkavicārakkhobhavūpasamanena ca ceto sampasādayati, tasmāpi sampasādananti vuttaṃ. Imasmiñca atthavikappe sampasādanaṃ cetasoti evaṃ padasambandho veditabbo, purimasmiṃ pana atthavikappe cetasoti etaṃ ekodibhāvena saddhiṃ yojetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatrāyaṃ atthayojanā – eko udetīti <span class="bld">ekodi,</span> vitakkavicārehi anajjhārūḷhattā aggo seṭṭho hutvā udetīti attho. Seṭṭhopi hi loke ekoti vuccati. Vitakkavicāravirahito vā eko asahāyo hutvā itipi vattuṃ vaṭṭati. Atha vā sampayuttadhamme udāyatīti udi, uṭṭhapetīti attho. Seṭṭhaṭṭhena eko ca so <a name="P1.0185"></a> udi cāti ekodi. Samādhissetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Iti imaṃ ekodiṃ bhāveti vaḍḍhetīti idaṃ dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ <span class="bld">ekodibhāvaṃ</span>. So panāyaṃ ekodi yasmā cetaso, na sattassa na jīvassa. Tasmā etaṃ ‘‘cetaso ekodibhāva’’nti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nanu cāyaṃ saddhā paṭhamajjhānepi atthi, ayañca ekodināmako samādhi. Atha kasmā idameva ‘‘sampasādanaṃ cetaso ekodibhāva’’nti ca vuttanti? Vuccate – aduñhi paṭhamajjhānaṃ vitakkavicārakkhobhena vīcitaraṅgasamākulamiva jalaṃ na suppasannaṃ hoti, tasmā satiyāpi saddhāya ‘‘sampasādana’’nti na vuttaṃ. Na suppasannattāyeva cettha samādhipi na suṭṭhu pākaṭo. Tasmā ‘‘ekodibhāva’’ntipi na vuttaṃ. Imasmiṃ pana jhāne vitakkavicārapalibodhābhāvena laddhokāsā balavatī saddhā, balavasaddhāsahāyapaṭilābheneva ca samādhipi pākaṭo, tasmā idameva evaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Avitakkaṃ</span> <a name="M1.0172"></a> <span class="bld">avicāra</span>nti bhāvanāya pahīnattā etasmiṃ, etassa vā vitakko natthīti avitakkaṃ. Imināva nayena avicāraṃ. Etthāha – ‘‘nanu ca ‘vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā’ti imināpi ayamattho siddho. Atha kasmā puna vuttaṃ ‘avitakkaṃ avicāra’nti’’? Vuccate – evametaṃ, siddhovāyamattho, na panetaṃ tadatthadīpakaṃ, nanu avocumha ‘‘oḷārikassa <a name="V1.0157"></a> pana oḷārikassa aṅgassa samatikkamā paṭhamajjhānato paresaṃ dutiyajjhānādīnaṃ samadhigamo hotīti dassanatthaṃ vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamāti evaṃ vutta’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā idaṃ sampasādanaṃ, na kilesakālussiyassa. Vitakkavicārānañca vūpasamā ekodibhāvaṃ, na upacārajjhānamiva nīvaraṇappahānā, na paṭhamajjhānamiva ca aṅgapātubhāvāti evaṃ sampasādanaekodibhāvānaṃ hetuparidīpakamidaṃ vacanaṃ. Tathā vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā idaṃ avitakkaavicāraṃ, na tatiyacatutthajjhānāni viya cakkhuviññāṇādīni viya ca abhāvāti evaṃ avitakkaavicārabhāvassa hetuparidīpakañca. Na vitakkavicārābhāvamattaparidīpakaṃ, vitakkavicārābhāvamattaparidīpakameva <a name="P1.0186"></a> pana ‘‘avitakkaṃ avicāra’’nti idaṃ vacanaṃ. Tasmā purimaṃ vatvāpi puna vattabbamevāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samādhija</span>nti paṭhamajjhānasamādhito, sampayuttasamādhito vā jātanti attho. Tattha kiñcāpi paṭhamajjhānampi sampayuttasamādhito jātaṃ, atha kho ayameva samādhi ‘‘samādhī’’ti vattabbataṃ arahati vitakkavicārakkhobhavirahena ativiya acalattā suppasannattā ca. Tasmā imassa vaṇṇabhaṇanatthaṃ idameva ‘‘samādhija’’nti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Pītisukha</span>nti idaṃ vuttanayameva. <span class="bld">Dutiya</span>nti gaṇanānupubbatā dutiyaṃ, idaṃ dutiyaṃ uppannantipi dutiyaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pītiyā ca virāgā</span>ti virāgo nāma vuttappakārāya pītiyā jigucchanaṃ vā samatikkamo vā, ubhinnaṃ pana antarā casaddo sampiṇḍanattho, so vūpasamaṃ vā sampiṇḍeti vitakkavicāravūpasamaṃ vā. Tattha yadā vūpasamameva sampiṇḍeti, tadā pītiyā virāgā ca, kiñca bhiyyo vūpasamā cāti evaṃ yojanā veditabbā. Imissā ca yojanāya virāgo jigucchanattho hoti, tasmā pītiyā jigucchanā ca samatikkamā cāti ayamattho daṭṭhabbo. Yadā pana vitakkavicāravūpasamaṃ sampiṇḍeti, tadā pītiyā ca virāgā, kiñca bhiyyo vitakkavicārānañca vūpasamāti evaṃ yojanā veditabbā. Imissā ca yojanāya virāgo samatikkamanattho hoti, tasmā pītiyā ca samatikkamā, vitakkavicārānañca vūpasamāti ayamattho daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāmañcete <a name="M1.0173"></a> vitakkavicārā dutiyajjhāneyeva vūpasantā, imassa pana jhānassa maggaparidīpanatthaṃ vaṇṇabhaṇanatthañcetaṃ vuttaṃ. Vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamāti hi vutte idaṃ paññāyati ‘‘nūna vitakkavicāravūpasamo maggo imassa jhānassā’’ti. Yathā ca tatiye ariyamagge <a name="V1.0158"></a> appahīnānampi sakkāyadiṭṭhādīnaṃ ‘‘pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ pahānā’’ti (dī. ni. 1.373; ma. ni. 2.133; saṃ. ni. 5.184; a. ni. 3.88) evaṃ pahānaṃ vuccamānaṃ vaṇṇabhaṇanaṃ hoti, tadadhigamāya ussukkānaṃ ussāhajanakaṃ, evameva idha avūpasantānampi vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamo vuccamāno vaṇṇabhaṇanaṃ hoti. Tenāyamattho vutto ‘‘pītiyā ca samatikkamā vitakkavicārānañca vūpasamā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upekkhako ca viharatī</span>ti ettha upapattito ikkhatīti upekkhā<a name="P1.0187"></a>, samaṃ passati apakkhapatitā hutvā passatīti attho. Tāya visadāya vipulāya thāmagatāya samannāgatattā tatiyajjhānasamaṅgī ‘‘upekkhako’’ti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Upekkhā pana dasavidhā hoti chaḷaṅgupekkhā brahmavihārupekkhā bojjhaṅgupekkhā vīriyupekkhā saṅkhārupekkhā vedanupekkhā vipassanupekkhā tatramajjhattupekkhā jhānupekkhā pārisuddhupekkhāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha yā ‘‘idha, bhikkhave, khīṇāsavo bhikkhu cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā neva sumano hoti na dummano, upekkhako ca viharati sato sampajāno’’ti (a. ni. 6.1) evamāgatā khīṇāsavassa chasu dvāresu iṭṭhāniṭṭhachaḷārammaṇāpāthe parisuddhapakatibhāvāvijahanākārabhūtā upekkhā, ayaṃ <span class="bld">chaḷaṅgupekkhā</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yā pana ‘‘upekkhāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharatī’’ti (dī. ni. 1.556; ma. ni. 1.77) evamāgatā sattesu majjhattākārabhūtā upekkhā, ayaṃ <span class="bld">brahmavihārupekkhā</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yā pana ‘‘upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissita’’nti (ma. ni. 2.247) evamāgatā sahajātadhammānaṃ majjhattākārabhūtā upekkhā, ayaṃ <span class="bld">bojjhaṅgupekkhā</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yā <a name="M1.0174"></a> pana ‘‘kālena kālaṃ upekkhānimittaṃ manasikarotī’’ti (a. ni. 3.103) evamāgatā anaccāraddhanātisithilavīriyasaṅkhātā upekkhā, ayaṃ <span class="bld">vīriyupekkhā</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yā pana ‘‘kati saṅkhārupekkhā samathavasena uppajjanti, kati saṅkhārupekkhā vipassanāvasena <a name="V1.0159"></a> uppajjanti? Aṭṭha saṅkhārupekkhā samathavasena uppajjanti, dasa saṅkhārupekkhā vipassanāvasena uppajjantī’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.57) evamāgatā nīvaraṇādipaṭisaṅkhāsantiṭṭhanāgahaṇe majjhattabhūtā upekkhā, ayaṃ <span class="bld">saṅkhārupekkhā</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yā pana ‘‘yasmiṃ samaye kāmāvacaraṃ kusalaṃ cittaṃ uppannaṃ hoti upekkhāsahagata’’nti (dha. sa. 150) evamāgatā adukkhamasukhasaññitā upekkhā, ayaṃ <span class="bld">vedanupekkhā</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yā ‘‘yadatthi yaṃ bhūtaṃ, taṃ pajahati, upekkhaṃ paṭilabhatī’’ti (ma. ni. 3.71; a. ni. 7.55) evamāgatā vicinane majjhattabhūtā upekkhā, ayaṃ <span class="bld">vipassanupekkhā</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yā pana chandādīsu yevāpanakesu āgatā sahajātānaṃ samavāhitabhūtā upekkhā, ayaṃ <span class="bld">tatramajjhattupekkhā</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yā pana ‘‘upekkhako ca viharatī’’ti (dha. sa. 163; dī. ni. 1.230) evamāgatā aggasukhepi tasmiṃ apakkhapātajananī upekkhā, ayaṃ <span class="bld">jhānupekkhā</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yā pana ‘‘upekkhāsatipārisuddhiṃ catutthaṃ jhāna’’nti (dha. sa. 165; dī. ni. 1.232) evamāgatā sabbapaccanīkaparisuddhā paccanīkavūpasamanepi abyāpārabhūtā upekkhā, ayaṃ <span class="bld">pārisuddhupekkhā</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="P1.0188"></a> chaḷaṅgupekkhā ca brahmavihārupekkhā ca bojjhaṅgupekkhā ca tatramajjhattupekkhā ca jhānupekkhā ca pārisuddhupekkhā ca atthato ekā, tatramajjhattupekkhāva hoti. Tena tena avatthābhedena panassāyaṃ bhedo. Ekassāpi sato sattassa kumārayuvattherasenāpatirājādivasena bhedo viya, tasmā tāsu yattha chaḷaṅgupekkhā, na tattha bojjhaṅgupekkhādayo. Yattha vā pana bojjhaṅgupekkhā, na tattha chaḷaṅgupekkhādayo hontīti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā <a name="M1.0175"></a> cetāsaṃ atthato ekībhāvo, evaṃ saṅkhārupekkhāvipassanupekkhānampi. Paññā eva hi sā, kiccavasena dvidhā bhinnā. Yathā hi purisassa sāyaṃ gehaṃ paviṭṭhaṃ sappaṃ ajapadadaṇḍaṃ gahetvā pariyesamānassa taṃ thusakoṭṭhake nipannaṃ disvā ‘‘sappo nu kho, no’’ti avalokentassa sovatthikattayaṃ <a name="V1.0160"></a> disvā nibbematikassa ‘‘sappo, na sappo’’ti vicinane majjhattatā uppajjati, evameva yā āraddhavipassakassa vipassanāñāṇena lakkhaṇattaye diṭṭhe saṅkhārānaṃ aniccabhāvādivicinane majjhattatā uppajjati, ayaṃ vipassanupekkhā. Yathā pana tassa purisassa ajapadadaṇḍena gāḷhaṃ sappaṃ gahetvā ‘‘kintāhaṃ imaṃ sappaṃ aviheṭhento attānañca iminā aḍaṃsāpento muñceyya’’nti muñcanākārameva pariyesato gahaṇe majjhattatā hoti, evameva yā lakkhaṇattayassa diṭṭhattā āditte viya tayo bhave passato saṅkhāragahaṇe majjhattatā, ayaṃ saṅkhārupekkhā. Iti vipassanupekkhāya siddhāya saṅkhārupekkhāpi siddhāva hoti. Iminā panesā vicinanagahaṇesu majjhattasaṅkhātena kiccena dvidhā bhinnāti. Vīriyupekkhā pana vedanupekkhā ca aññamaññañca avasesāhi ca atthato bhinnā evāti. Āha cettha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Majjhattabrahmabojjhaṅgachaḷaṅgajhānasuddhiyo;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Vipassanā ca saṅkhāravedanā vīriyaṃ iti.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Vitthārato dasopekkhā, cha majjhattādito tato;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Duve paññā tato dvīhi, catassova bhavantimā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Iti <a name="P1.0189"></a> imāsu upekkhāsu jhānupekkhā idha adhippetā. Sā majjhattalakkhaṇā. Etthāha – ‘‘nanu cāyaṃ atthato tatramajjhattupekkhāva hoti, sā ca paṭhamadutiyajjhānesupi atthi, tasmā tatrapi ‘upekkhako ca viharatī’ti evamayaṃ vattabbā siyā, sā kasmā na vuttā’’ti? Aparibyattakiccato. Aparibyattañhi tassa tattha kiccaṃ vitakkādīhi abhibhūtattā, idha panāyaṃ vitakkavicārapītīhi anabhibhūtattā ukkhittasirā viya hutvā paribyattakiccā jātā, tasmā vuttāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni <span class="bld">sato ca sampajāno</span>ti ettha saratīti sato. Sampajānātīti sampajāno. Iti puggalena sati ca sampajaññañca vuttaṃ. Tattha saraṇalakkhaṇā <a name="M1.0176"></a> sati. Asammohalakkhaṇaṃ sampajaññaṃ. Tattha kiñcāpi idaṃ satisampajaññaṃ purimajjhānesupi atthi, muṭṭhassatissa hi asampajānassa upacāramattampi na sampajjati, pageva appanā. Oḷārikattā pana tesaṃ jhānānaṃ bhūmiyaṃ viya purisassa cittassa gati sukhā hoti, abyattaṃ tattha satisampajaññakiccaṃ. Oḷārikaṅgappahānena pana sukhumattā imassa jhānassa purisassa khuradhārāyaṃ viya satisampajaññakiccapariggahitā <a name="V1.0161"></a> eva cittassa gati icchitabbāti idheva vuttaṃ. Kiñca bhiyyo – yathā dhenupago vaccho dhenuto apanīto arakkhiyamāno punadeva dhenuṃ upagacchati, evamidaṃ tatiyajjhānasukhaṃ pītito apanītampi satisampajaññārakkhena arakkhiyamānaṃ punadeva pītiṃ upagaccheyya, pītisampayuttameva siyā. Sukhe vāpi sattā sārajjanti, idañca atimadhuraṃ sukhaṃ tato paraṃ sukhābhāvā. Satisampajaññānubhāvena panettha sukhe asārajjanā hoti, no aññathāti imampi atthavisesaṃ dassetuṃ idaṃ idheva vuttanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni <span class="bld">sukhañca kāyena paṭisaṃvedetī</span>ti ettha kiñcāpi tatiyajjhānasamaṅgino sukhapaṭisaṃvedanābhogo natthi, evaṃ santepi yasmā tassa nāmakāyena sampayuttaṃ sukhaṃ, yaṃ vā taṃ nāmakāyasampayuttaṃ sukhaṃ, taṃsamuṭṭhānenassa yasmā atipaṇītena rūpena rūpakāyo phuṭṭho, yassa phuṭṭhattā <a name="P1.0190"></a> jhānā vuṭṭhitopi sukhaṃ paṭisaṃvedeyya, tasmā etamatthaṃ dassento ‘‘sukhañca kāyena paṭisaṃvedehī’’ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni <span class="bld">yaṃ taṃ ariyā ācikkhanti upekkhako satimā sukhavihārī</span>ti ettha yaṃjhānahetu yaṃjhānakāraṇā taṃ tatiyajjhānasamaṅgipuggalaṃ buddhādayo ariyā ācikkhanti desenti paññapenti paṭṭhapenti vivaranti vibhajanti uttānīkaronti pakāsenti, pasaṃsantīti adhippāyo. Kinti? Upekkhako satimā sukhavihārīti. Taṃ tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharatīti evamettha yojanā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kasmā pana taṃ te evaṃ pasaṃsantīti? Pasaṃsārahato. Ayañhi yasmā atimadhurasukhe sukhapāramippattepi tatiyajjhāne upekkhako, na tattha sukhābhisaṅgena ākaḍḍhīyati. Yathā ca pīti na uppajjati, evaṃ upaṭṭhitassatitāya <a name="M1.0177"></a> satimā. Yasmā ca ariyakantaṃ ariyajanasevitameva ca asaṃkiliṭṭhaṃ sukhaṃ nāmakāyena paṭisaṃvedeti, tasmā pasaṃsāraho hoti. Iti pasaṃsārahato naṃ ariyā te evaṃ pasaṃsārahahetubhūte guṇe pakāsentā ‘‘upekkhako satimā sukhavihārī’’ti evaṃ pasaṃsantīti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Tatiya</span>nti gaṇanānupubbatā tatiyaṃ, tatiyaṃ uppannantipi tatiyaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sukhassa ca pahānā dukkhassa ca pahānā</span>ti kāyikasukhassa ca kāyikadukkhassa ca pahānā. <span class="bld">Pubbevā</span>ti tañca kho pubbeva, na catutthajjhānakkhaṇe. <span class="bld">Somanassadomanassānaṃ atthaṅgamā</span>ti cetasikasukhassa cetasikadukkhassa cāti imesampi dvinnaṃ pubbeva atthaṅgamā, pahānā <a name="V1.0162"></a> icceva vuttaṃ hoti. Kadā pana nesaṃ pahānaṃ hoti? Catunnaṃ jhānānaṃ upacārakkhaṇe. Somanassañhi catutthassa jhānassa upacārakkhaṇeyeva pahīyati, dukkhadomanassasukhāni paṭhamadutiyatatiyānaṃ upacārakkhaṇesu. Evametesaṃ pahānakkamena avuttānaṃ <span class="bld">indriyavibhaṅge</span> (vibha. 219 ādayo) pana indriyānaṃ uddesakkameneva idhāpi vuttānaṃ sukhadukkhasomanassadomanassānaṃ pahānaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadi panetāni tassa tassa jhānassa upacārakkhaṇeyeva pahīyanti<a name="P1.0191"></a>, atha kasmā ‘‘kattha cuppannaṃ dukkhindriyaṃ aparisesaṃ nirujjhati? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vivicceva kāmehi…pe… paṭhamajjhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Ettha cuppannaṃ dukkhindriyaṃ aparisesaṃ nirujjhati. Kattha cuppannaṃ domanassindriyaṃ, sukhindriyaṃ, somanassindriyaṃ aparisesaṃ nirujjhati? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sukhassa ca pahānā…pe… catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Ettha cuppannaṃ somanassindriyaṃ aparisesaṃ nirujjhatī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.510) evaṃ jhānesveva nirodho vuttoti? Atisayanirodhattā. Atisayanirodho hi tesaṃ paṭhamajjhānādīsu, na nirodhoyeva. Nirodhoyeva pana upacārakkhaṇe, nātisayanirodho. Tathā hi nānāvajjane paṭhamajjhānūpacāre niruddhassāpi dukkhindriyassa ḍaṃsamakasādisamphassena vā visamāsanūpatāpena vā siyā uppatti, na tveva antoappanāyaṃ. Upacāre vā niruddhampetaṃ na suṭṭhu <a name="M1.0178"></a> niruddhaṃ hoti paṭipakkhena avihatattā. Antoappanāyaṃ pana pītipharaṇena sabbo kāyo sukhokkanto hoti, sukhokkantakāyassa ca suṭṭhu niruddhaṃ hoti dukkhindriyaṃ paṭipakkhena vihatattā. Nānāvajjaneyeva ca dutiyajjhānūpacāre pahīnassāpi domanassindriyassa, yasmā etaṃ vitakkavicārapaccayepi kāyakilamathe cittūpaghāte ca sati uppajjati, vitakkavicārābhāve neva uppajjati. Yattha pana uppajjati, tattha vitakkavicārabhāve. Appahīnāyeva ca dutiyajjhānūpacāre vitakkavicārāti tatthassa siyā uppatti, natveva dutiyajjhāne pahīnapaccayattā. Tathā tatiyajjhānūpacāre pahīnassāpi sukhindriyassa pītisamuṭṭhānapaṇītarūpaphuṭṭhakāyassa siyā uppatti, natveva tatiyajjhāne. Tatiyajjhāne hi sukhassa paccayabhūtā pīti sabbaso niruddhā hoti. Tathā catutthajjhānūpacāre pahīnassāpi somanassindriyassa āsannattā, appanāppattāya upekkhāya abhāvena sammā anatikkantattā ca siyā uppatti, natveva catutthajjhāne. Tasmā eva ca ‘‘etthuppannaṃ dukkhindriyaṃ aparisesaṃ nirujjhatī’’ti tattha tattha aparisesaggahaṇaṃ katanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Etthāha – ‘‘athevaṃ tassa tassa jhānassūpacāre pahīnāpi etā vedanā idha kasmā samāharī’’ti<a name="V1.0163"></a>? Sukhaggahaṇatthaṃ<a name="P1.0192"></a>. Yā hi ayaṃ ‘‘adukkhamasukha’’nti ettha adukkhamasukhā vedanā vuttā, sā sukhumā dubbiññeyyā na sakkā sukhena gahetuṃ, tasmā yathā nāma duṭṭhassa yathā tathā vā upasaṅkamitvā gahetuṃ asakkuṇeyyassa goṇassa gahaṇatthaṃ gopo ekasmiṃ vaje sabbā gāvo samāharati, athekekaṃ nīharanto paṭipāṭiyā āgataṃ ‘‘ayaṃ so gaṇhatha na’’nti tampi gāhāpeti, evamevaṃ sukhaggahaṇatthaṃ sabbāpi etā samāhari. Evañhi samāhaṭā etā dassetvā ‘‘yaṃ neva sukhaṃ, na dukkhaṃ, na somanassaṃ, na domanassaṃ, ayaṃ adukkhamasukhāvedanā’’ti sakkā hoti esā gāhayituṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica adukkhamasukhāya cetovimuttiyā paccayadassanatthañcāpi etā vuttāti veditabbā. Sukhadukkhappahānādayo hi tassā paccayā. Yathāha – ‘‘cattāro kho, āvuso, paccayā adukkhamasukhāya cetovimuttiyā samāpattiyā. Idhāvuso, bhikkhu sukhassa ca pahānā…pe… catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Ime kho āvuso, cattāro paccayā adukkhamasukhāya cetovimuttiyā samāpattiyā’’ti (ma. ni. 1.458). Yathā vā aññattha pahīnāpi sakkāyadiṭṭhiādayo tatiyamaggassa vaṇṇabhaṇanatthaṃ tattha pahīnāti vuttā<a name="M1.0179"></a>, evaṃ vaṇṇabhaṇanatthampetassa jhānassetā idha vuttātipi veditabbā. Paccayaghātena vā ettha rāgadosānaṃ atidūrabhāvaṃ dassetumpetā vuttāti veditabbā. Etāsu hi sukhaṃ somanassassa paccayo, somanassaṃ rāgassa, dukkhaṃ domanassassa, domanassaṃ dosassa. Sukhādighātena ca sappaccayā rāgadosā hatāti atidūre hontīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Adukkhamasukha</span>nti dukkhābhāvena adukkhaṃ. Sukhābhāvena asukhaṃ. Etenettha dukkhasukhapaṭipakkhabhūtaṃ tatiyavedanaṃ dīpeti, na dukkhasukhābhāvamattaṃ. Tatiyavedanā nāma adukkhamasukhā, upekkhātipi vuccati. Sā iṭṭhāniṭṭhaviparītānubhavanalakkhaṇā. <span class="bld">Upekkhāsatipārisuddhi</span>nti upekkhāya janitasatipārisuddhiṃ. Imasmiñhi jhāne suparisuddhā sati, yā ca tassā satiyā pārisuddhi, sā upekkhāya katā, na aññena. Tasmā etaṃ ‘‘upekkhāsatipārisuddhi’’nti vuccati. Yāya ca upekkhāya ettha <a name="P1.0193"></a> satiyā pārisuddhi hoti, sā atthato tatramajjhattatāti veditabbā. Na kevalañcettha tāya satiyeva parisuddhā, apica kho sabbepi sampayuttadhammā, satisīsena pana desanā vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha kiñcāpi ayaṃ upekkhā heṭṭhāpi tīsu jhānesu vijjati, yathā pana divā sūriyappabhābhibhavā sommabhāvena ca attano upakārakattena vā sabhāgāya rattiyā alābhā divā <a name="V1.0164"></a> vijjamānāpi candalekhā aparisuddhā hoti apariyodātā, evamayampi tatramajjhattupekkhācandalekhā vitakkādipaccanīkadhammatejābhibhavā sabhāgāya ca upekkhāvedanārattiyā alābhā vijjamānāpi paṭhamajjhānādibhede aparisuddhā hoti. Tassā ca aparisuddhāya divā aparisuddhacandalekhāya pabhā viya sahajātāpi satiādayo aparisuddhāva honti. Tasmā tesu ekampi ‘‘upekkhāsatipārisuddhi’’nti na vuttaṃ. Idha pana vitakkādipaccanīkatejābhibhavābhāvā sabhāgāya ca upekkhāvedanārattiyā paṭilābhā ayaṃ tatramajjhattupekkhācandalekhā ativiya parisuddhā. Tassā parisuddhattā parisuddhacandalekhāya pabhā viya sahajātāpi satiādayo parisuddhā honti pariyodātā. Tasmā idameva ‘‘upekkhāsatipārisuddhi’’nti vuttanti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Catuttha</span>nti gaṇanānupubbatā catutthaṃ, catutthaṃ uppannantipi catutthaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Imāni cattāri jhānāni pubbabhāgepi nānā, maggakkhaṇepi. Pubbabhāge samāpattivasena nānā, maggakkhaṇe nānāmaggavasena. Ekassa hi paṭhamamaggo paṭhamajjhāniko <a name="M1.0180"></a> hoti, dutiyamaggādayopi paṭhamajjhānikā vā dutiyādīsu aññatarajjhānikā vā. Ekassa paṭhamamaggo dutiyādīnaṃ aññatarajjhāniko hoti, dutiyādayopi dutiyādīnaṃ aññatarajjhānikā vā paṭhamajjhānikā vā. Evaṃ cattāropi maggā jhānavasena sadisā vā asadisā vā ekaccasadisā vā honti. Ayaṃ panassa viseso pādakajjhānaniyamena hoti. Paṭhamajjhānalābhino hi paṭhamajjhānā vuṭṭhāya vipassantassa uppannamaggo paṭhamajjhāniko hoti, maggaṅgabojjhaṅgāni panettha paripuṇṇāneva honti. Dutiyajjhānato vuṭṭhāya vipassantassa uppanno dutiyajjhāniko hoti, maggaṅgāni <a name="P1.0194"></a> panettha satta honti. Tatiyajjhānato vuṭṭhāya vipassantassa uppanno tatiyajjhāniko, maggaṅgāni panettha satta, bojjhaṅgāni cha honti. Esa nayo catutthajjhānato paṭṭhāya yāva nevasaññānāsaññāyatanā. Āruppe catukkapañcakajjhānaṃ uppajjati, tañca kho lokuttaraṃ, na lokiyanti vuttaṃ. Ettha kathanti? Etthapi paṭhamajjhānādīsu yato vuṭṭhāya sotāpattimaggaṃ paṭilabhitvā arūpasamāpattiṃ bhāvetvā yo āruppe uppanno, taṃjhānikāva tassa tattha tayo maggā uppajjanti. Evaṃ pādakajjhānameva niyameti. Keci pana therā ‘‘vipassanāya ārammaṇabhūtā khandhā niyamentī’’ti vadanti. Keci ‘‘puggalajjhāsayo niyametī’’ti vadanti. Keci ‘‘vuṭṭhānagāminī vipassanā niyametī’’ti vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatrāyaṃ anupubbikathā – vipassanāniyamena hi sukkhavipassakassa uppannamaggopi, samāpattilābhino jhānaṃ pādakaṃ akatvā uppannamaggopi, paṭhamajjhānaṃ pādakaṃ katvā pakiṇṇakasaṅkhāre sammasitvā uppāditamaggopi paṭhamajjhānikova hoti, sabbesu satta bojjhaṅgāni <a name="V1.0165"></a> aṭṭha maggaṅgāni pañca jhānaṅgāni honti. Tesañhi pubbabhāgavipassanā somanassasahagatāpi upekkhāsahagatāpi hutvā vuṭṭhānakāle saṅkhārupekkhābhāvaṃ pattā somanassasahagatāva hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pañcakanaye dutiyatatiyacatutthajjhānāni pādakāni katvā uppāditamaggesu yathākkameneva jhānaṃ caturaṅgikaṃ tivaṅgikaṃ duvaṅgikañca hoti, sabbesu pana satta maggaṅgāni honti, catutthe cha bojjhaṅgāni. Ayaṃ viseso pādakajjhānaniyamena ceva vipassanāniyamena ca hoti. Tesampi <a name="M1.0181"></a> hi pubbabhāgavipassanā somanassasahagatāpi upekkhāsahagatāpi hoti, vuṭṭhānagāminī somanassasahagatāva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pañcamajjhānaṃ pādakaṃ katvā nibbattitamagge pana upekkhācittekaggatāvasena dve jhānaṅgāni, bojjhaṅgamaggaṅgāni cha satta ceva. Ayampi viseso ubhayaniyamavasena hoti. Imasmiñhi naye pubbabhāgavipassanā somanassasahagatā vā upekkhāsahagatā vā hoti, vuṭṭhānagāminī upekkhāsahagatāva hoti. Arūpajjhānāni <a name="P1.0195"></a> pādakāni katvā uppāditamaggepi eseva nayo. Idha pana catukkanaye avitakkavicāramattassa dutiyajjhānassa abhāvā taṃ apanetvā sesānaṃ vasena yojetabbaṃ. Evaṃ pādakajjhānato vuṭṭhāya ye keci saṅkhāre sammasitvā nibbattitamaggassa āsannapadese vuṭṭhitasamāpatti attanā sadisabhāvaṃ karoti bhūmivaṇṇo viya godhāvaṇṇassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dutiyattheravāde pana yato yato samāpattito vuṭṭhāya ye ye samāpattidhamme sammasitvā maggo nibbattito hoti, taṃtaṃsamāpattisadisova hoti. Tatrāpi ca vipassanāniyamo vuttanayeneva veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatiyattheravāde attano ajjhāsayānurūpena yaṃ yaṃ jhānaṃ pādakaṃ katvā ye ye jhānadhamme sammasitvā maggo nibbattito, taṃtaṃjhānasadisova hoti. Pādakajjhānaṃ pana sammasitajjhānaṃ vā vinā ajjhāsayamatteneva taṃ na ijjhati. Etthāpi ca vipassanāniyamo vuttanayeneva veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ayaṃ vuccati sammāsamādhī</span>ti yā imesu catūsu jhānesu ekaggatā, ayaṃ pubbabhāge lokiyo, aparabhāge lokuttaro sammāsamādhi nāma vuccati. Evaṃ lokiyalokuttaravasena dhammasenāpati <a name="V1.0166"></a> maggasaccaṃ deseti. Tattha lokiyamagge sabbāneva maggaṅgāni yathānurūpaṃ chasu ārammaṇesu aññatarārammaṇāni honti. Lokuttaramagge pana catusaccappaṭivedhāya pavattassa ariyasāvakassa nibbānārammaṇaṃ avijjānusayasamugghātakaṃ paññācakkhu sammādiṭṭhi, tathā sampannadiṭṭhissa taṃsampayutto tividhamicchāsaṅkappasamugghātako cetaso nibbānapadābhiniropano sammāsaṅkappo, tathā passantassa vitakkentassa ca taṃsampayuttāva catubbidhavacīduccaritasamugghātikā micchāvācāya virati sammāvācā, tathā viramantassa taṃsampayuttāva tividhamicchākammantasamucchedikā micchākammantā virati <a name="M1.0182"></a> sammākammanto, tesaṃyeva cassa vācākammantānaṃ vodānabhūtā taṃsampayuttāva kuhanādisamucchedikā micchāājīvā virati sammāājīvo, tassāyevassa sammāvācākammantājīvasaṅkhātāya sīlabhūmiyaṃ patiṭṭhamānassa tadanurūpo taṃsampayuttova kosajjasamucchedako, anuppannuppannānaṃ akusalakusalānaṃ <a name="P1.0196"></a> anuppādappahānuppādaṭṭhitisādhako ca vīriyārambho sammāvāyāmo, evaṃ vāyamantassa taṃsampayuttova micchāsativiniddhunako, kāyādīsu kāyānupassanādisādhako ca cetaso asammoso sammāsati. Evaṃ anuttarāya satiyā suvihitacittārakkhassa taṃsampayuttāva micchāsamādhividdhaṃsikā cittekaggatā sammāsamādhi. Esa lokuttaro ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yo saha lokiyena maggena dukkhanirodhagāminipaṭipadāti saṅkhyaṃ gato, so kho panesa maggo sammādiṭṭhisaṅkappānaṃ vijjāya sesadhammānaṃ caraṇena saṅgahitattā vijjā ceva caraṇañca. Tathā tesaṃ dvinnaṃ vipassanāyānena itaresaṃ samathayānena saṅgahitattā samatho ceva vipassanā ca. Tesaṃ dvinnaṃ paññākkhandhena tadanantarānaṃ tiṇṇaṃ sīlakkhandhena avasesānaṃ tiṇṇaṃ samādhikkhandhena adhipaññāadhisīlaadhicittasikkhāhi ca saṅgahitattā khandhattayañceva sikkhattayañca hoti. Yena samannāgato ariyasāvako dassanasamatthehi cakkhūhi gamanasamatthehi ca pādehi samannāgato addhiko viya vijjācaraṇasampanno hutvā vipassanāyānena kāmasukhallikānuyogaṃ samathayānena attakilamathānuyoganti antadvayaṃ parivajjetvā majjhimapaṭipadaṃ paṭipanno paññākkhandhena mohakkhandhaṃ, sīlakkhandhena dosakkhandhaṃ, samādhikkhandhena ca lobhakkhandhaṃ padālento adhipaññāsikkhāya paññāsampadaṃ, adhisīlasikkhāya sīlasampadaṃ, adhicittasikkhāya samādhisampadanti tisso sampattiyo patvā amataṃ nibbānaṃ sacchikaroti. Ādimajjhapariyosānakalyāṇaṃ sattatiṃsabodhipakkhiyadhammaratanavicittaṃ sammattaniyāmasaṅkhātaṃ ariyabhūmiṃ okkanto hotīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Maggasaccaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Saccapakiṇṇakavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Catūsu <a name="V1.0167"></a><a name="P1.0197"></a><a name="M1.0183"></a> pana saccesu bādhanalakkhaṇaṃ dukkhasaccaṃ, pabhavalakkhaṇaṃ samudayasaccaṃ, santilakkhaṇaṃ nirodhasaccaṃ, niyyānalakkhaṇaṃ maggasaccaṃ, apica pavattipavattakanivattinivattakalakkhaṇāni paṭipāṭiyā. Tathā saṅkhatataṇhāasaṅkhatadassanalakkhaṇāni ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kasmā pana cattāreva ariyasaccāni vuttāni anūnāni anadhikānīti ce? Aññassa asambhavato aññatarassa ca anapaneyyabhāvato. Na hi etehi aññaṃ adhikaṃ vā, etesaṃ vā ekampi apanetabbaṃ sambhoti. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Idha, bhikkhave, āgaccheyya samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā ‘netaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ, aññaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ. Yaṃ samaṇena gotamena desitaṃ, ahametaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ ṭhapetvā aññaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ paññapessāmī’ti netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjatī’’tiādi.</p>
<p class="unindented">Yathā cāha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Yo hi koci, bhikkhave, samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā evaṃ vadeyya ‘netaṃ dukkhaṃ paṭhamaṃ ariyasaccaṃ, yaṃ samaṇena gotamena desitaṃ, ahametaṃ dukkhaṃ paṭhamaṃ ariyasaccaṃ paccakkhāya aññaṃ dukkhaṃ paṭhamaṃ ariyasaccaṃ paññapessāmī’ti netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjatī’’tiādi (saṃ. ni. 5.1086).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica pavattimācikkhanto bhagavā sahetukaṃ ācikkhi, nivattiñca saupāyaṃ. Iti pavattinivattitadubhayahetūnaṃ etapparamato cattāreva vuttāni. Tathā pariññeyyapahātabbasacchikātabbabhāvetabbānaṃ, taṇhāvatthutaṇhātaṇhānirodhataṇhānirodhūpāyānaṃ, ālayaālayarāmatāālayasamugghātaālayasamugghātūpāyānañca vasenāpi cattāreva vuttānīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca oḷārikattā sabbasattasādhāraṇattā ca suviññeyyanti dukkhasaccaṃ paṭhamaṃ vuttaṃ. Tasseva hetudassanatthaṃ tadanantaraṃ samudayasaccaṃ, hetunirodhā <a name="M1.0184"></a> phalanirodhoti <a name="P1.0198"></a> ñāpanatthaṃ tato nirodhasaccaṃ, tadadhigamūpāyadassanatthaṃ ante maggasaccaṃ. Bhavasukhassādagadhitānaṃ vā sattānaṃ saṃvegajananatthaṃ <a name="V1.0168"></a> paṭhamaṃ dukkhamāha. Taṃ neva akataṃ āgacchati, na issaranimmānādito hoti, ito pana hotīti ñāpanatthaṃ tadanantaraṃ samudayaṃ. Tato sahetukena dukkhena abhibhūtattā saṃviggamānasānaṃ dukkhanissaraṇagavesīnaṃ nissaraṇadassanena assāsajananatthaṃ nirodhaṃ. Tato nirodhādhigamanatthaṃ nirodhasampāpakaṃ magganti ayametesaṃ kamo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Etesu pana bhāro viya dukkhasaccaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ, bhārādānamiva samudayasaccaṃ, bhāranikkhepanamiva nirodhasaccaṃ, bhāranikkhepanūpāyo viya maggasaccaṃ. Rogo viya vā dukkhasaccaṃ, roganidānamiva samudayasaccaṃ, rogavūpasamo viya nirodhasaccaṃ, bhesajjamiva maggasaccaṃ. Dubbhikkhamiva vā dukkhasaccaṃ, dubbuṭṭhi viya samudayasaccaṃ, subhikkhamiva nirodhasaccaṃ, suvuṭṭhi viya maggasaccaṃ. Apica verīveramūlaverasamugghātaverasamugghātūpāyehi, visarukkharukkhamūlamūlūpacchedatadupacchedūpāyehi, bhayabhayamūlanibbhayatadadhigamūpāyehi, orimatīramahoghapārimatīrataṃsampāpakavāyāmehi ca yojetvāpetāni upamāto veditabbānīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sabbāneva panetāni saccāni paramatthena vedakakārakanibbutagamakābhāvato suññānīti veditabbāni. Tenetaṃ vuccati –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Dukkhameva hi na koci dukkhito, kārako na kiriyāva vijjati;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Atthi nibbuti na nibbuto pumā, maggamatthi gamako na vijjatī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha vā –</p>
<p class="gatha1">Dhuvasubhasukhattasuññaṃ, purimadvayamattasuññamamatapadaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Dhuvasukhaattavirahito, maggo iti suññatā tesu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nirodhasuññāni <a name="P1.0199"></a> vā tīṇi, nirodho ca sesattayasuñño. Phalasuñño vā ettha hetu samudaye dukkhassa abhāvato, magge ca nirodhassa, na phalena sagabbho pakativādīnaṃ pakati viya. Hetusuññañca phalaṃ dukkhasamudayānaṃ nirodhamaggānañca asamavāyā, na hetusamavetaṃ hetuphalaṃ samavāyavādīnaṃ dviaṇukādi viya. Tenetaṃ vuccati –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Tayamidha <a name="V1.0169"></a><a name="M1.0185"></a> nirodhasuññaṃ, tayena tenāpi nibbutī suññā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Suñño phalena hetu, phalampi taṃhetunā suñña’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sabbāneva saccāni aññamaññasabhāgāni avitathato attasuññato dukkarapaṭivedhato ca. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, ānanda, katamaṃ nu kho dukkarataraṃ vā durabhisambhavataraṃ vā, yo dūratova sukhumena tāḷacchiggaḷena asanaṃ atipāteyya poṅkhānupoṅkhaṃ avirādhitaṃ, yo vā sattadhā bhinnassa vālassa koṭiyā koṭiṃ paṭivijjheyyāti? Etadeva, bhante, dukkaratarañceva durabhisambhavatarañca; Yo vā sattadhā bhinnassa vālassa koṭiyā koṭiṃ paṭivijjheyyāti; Atha kho te, ānanda, duppaṭivijjhataraṃ paṭivijjhanti, ye ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ paṭivijjhanti…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ paṭivijjhantī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.1115);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Visabhāgāni salakkhaṇavavatthānato. Purimāni ca dve sabhāgāni duravagāhatthena gambhīrattā lokiyattā sāsavattā ca, visabhāgāni phalahetubhedato pariññeyyapahātabbato ca. Pacchimānipi dve sabhāgāni gambhīrattena duravagāhattā lokuttarattā anāsavattā ca, visabhāgāni visayavisayībhedato sacchikātabbabhāvetabbato ca. Paṭhamatatiyāni cāpi sabhāgāni phalāpadesato, visabhāgāni saṅkhatāsaṅkhatato<a name="P1.0200"></a>. Dutiyacatutthāni cāpi sabhāgāni hetuapadesato, visabhāgāni ekantakusalākusalato. Paṭhamacatutthāni cāpi sabhāgāni saṅkhatato, visabhāgāni lokiyalokuttarato. Dutiyatatiyāni cāpi sabhāgāni nevasekkhanāsekkhabhāvato, visabhāgāni sārammaṇānārammaṇato.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Iti evaṃ pakārehi, nayehi ca vicakkhaṇo;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Vijaññā ariyasaccānaṃ, sabhāgavisabhāgata’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sabbameva <a name="V1.0170"></a> cettha dukkhaṃ ekavidhaṃ pavattibhāvato, duvidhaṃ nāmarūpato, tividhaṃ kāmarūpārūpūpapattibhavabhedato, catubbidhaṃ catuāhārabhedato, pañcavidhaṃ <a name="M1.0186"></a> pañcupādānakkhandhabhedato. Samudayopi ekavidho pavattakabhāvato, duvidho diṭṭhisampayuttāsampayuttato, tividho kāmabhavavibhavataṇhābhedato, catubbidho catumaggappaheyyato, pañcavidho rūpābhinandanādibhedato, chabbidho chataṇhākāyabhedato. Nirodhopi ekavidho asaṅkhatadhātubhāvato, pariyāyato pana duvidho saupādisesaanupādisesato, tividho bhavattayavūpasamato, catubbidho catumaggādhigamanīyato, pañcavidho pañcābhinandanavūpasamato, chabbidho chataṇhākāyakkhayabhedato. Maggopi ekavidho bhāvetabbato, duvidho samathavipassanābhedato, dassanabhāvanābhedato vā, tividho khandhattayabhedato. Ayañhi sappadesattā nagaraṃ viya rajjena nippadesehi tīhi khandhehi saṅgahito. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Na kho, āvuso visākha, ariyena aṭṭhaṅgikena maggena tayo khandhā saṅgahitā, tīhi ca kho, āvuso visākha, khandhehi ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo saṅgahito. Yā, cāvuso visākha, sammāvācā yo ca sammākammanto yo ca sammāājīvo, ime dhammā sīlakkhandhe saṅgahitā. Yo ca sammāvāyāmo yā ca sammāsati yo ca sammāsamādhi, ime dhammā samādhikkhandhe saṅgahitā. Yā ca sammādiṭṭhi yo ca sammāsaṅkappo, ime dhammā paññākkhandhe saṅgahitā’’ti (ma. ni. 1.462).</p>
<p class="unindented">Catubbidho sotāpattimaggādivasena.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica sabbāneva saccāni ekavidhāni avitathattā, abhiññeyyattā vā. Duvidhāni lokiyalokuttarato, saṅkhatāsaṅkhatato <a name="P1.0201"></a> vā. Tividhāni dassanabhāvanāhi pahātabbato appahātabbato nevapahātabbanāpahātabbato ca. Catubbidhāni pariññeyyapahātabbasacchikātabbabhāvetabbatoti.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Evaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ, dubbodhānaṃ budho vidhiṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Anekabhedato jaññā, hitāya ca sukhāya cā’’ti.</p>
<p class="centered">Saccapakiṇṇakavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni <a name="P1.0202"></a><a name="M1.0187"></a> dhammasenāpati bhagavatā desitakkameneva ante saccacatukkaṃ niddisitvā ‘‘taṃ ñātaṭṭhena <a name="V1.0171"></a> ñāṇa’’ntiādinā saccacatukkavasena sutamaye ñāṇaṃ nigametvā dasseti. Evaṃ ‘‘sotāvadhāne paññā sutamaye ñāṇa’’nti pubbe vuttaṃ sabbaṃ nigametvā dassetīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Saddhammappakāsiniyā paṭisambhidāmaggaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Sutamayañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">2. Sīlamayañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para37"></a><span class="paranum">37</span>. Sīlamayañāṇaniddese <a name="P1.0203"></a> <span class="bld">pañcā</span>ti gaṇanaparicchedo. <span class="bld">Sīlānī</span>ti paricchinnadhammanidassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Pariyantapārisuddhisīla</span>ntiādi pañcannaṃ sarūpato dassanaṃ. Pariyantapārisuddhītiādīsu yathā nīlavaṇṇayogato vatthampi nīlamassa atthīti nīlanti vuccati, evaṃ gaṇanavasena pariyanto paricchedo assā atthīti pariyantā, upasampannasīle patto anupasampannasīlassa avasānasabbhāvato vā pariyanto avasānaṃ assā atthīti pariyantā. Sapariyantāti vā vattabbe sakāralopo katoti veditabbo ‘‘dakaṃ dakāsayā pavisantī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 3.78; a. ni. 4.33) ettha ukāralopo viya. Parisuddhabhāvo pārisuddhi, pariyantā ca sā pārisuddhi cāti pariyantapārisuddhi, pariyantapārisuddhisaṅkhātaṃ sīlaṃ pariyantapārisuddhisīlaṃ. Vuttapaṭipakkhena na pariyantāti <span class="bld">apariyantā,</span> natthi etissā pariyantotipi apariyantā, vuddho etissā pariyantotipi apariyantā. Samādānato pabhuti akhaṇḍitattā khaṇḍitāpi katapaṭikammattā cittuppādamattakenāpi malena virahitattā ca parisuddhajātimaṇi viya sudhantasuparikammakatasuvaṇṇaṃ viya ca parisuddhattā ariyamaggassa padaṭṭhānabhūtā anūnaṭṭhena <span class="bld">paripūṇṇā</span>. Diṭṭhiyā pahīnattā diṭṭhiparāmāsena aggahitattā <span class="bld">aparāmaṭṭhā.</span>Ayaṃ te sīle dosoti kenaci codakena parāmasituṃ asakkuṇeyyattā vā aparāmaṭṭhā. Arahattaphalakkhaṇe sabbadarathapaṭippassaddhiyā<span class="bld"> paṭippassaddhi. Anupasampannāna</span>nti anavasesasamādānavasena sīlasampadāya bhusaṃ sampannāti upasampannā, na upasampannā anupasampannā. Tesaṃ anupasampannānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pariyantasikkhāpadāna</span>nti <a name="M1.0188"></a> ettha sikkhitabbaṭṭhena sikkhā, koṭṭhāsaṭṭhena padāni, sikkhitabbakoṭṭhāsānīti attho. Apica sīle patiṭṭhitena uparipattabbattā sabbe kusalā dhammā <a name="P1.0204"></a> sikkhā, sīlāni tāsaṃ sikkhānaṃ patiṭṭhaṭṭhena padānīti sikkhānaṃ padattā sikkhāpadāni<a name="V1.0172"></a>, pariyantāni sikkhāpadāni etesanti pariyantasikkhāpadā. Tesaṃ pariyantasikkhāpadānaṃ. Ettha ca dve pariyantā sikkhāpadapariyanto ca kālapariyanto ca. Katamo sikkhāpadapariyanto? Upāsakopāsikānaṃ yathāsamādānavasena ekaṃ vā dve vā tīṇi vā cattāri vā pañca vā aṭṭha vā dasa vā sikkhāpadāni honti, sikkhamānasāmaṇerasāmaṇerīnaṃ dasa sikkhāpadāni. Ayaṃ sikkhāpadapariyanto. Katamo kālapariyanto? Upāsakopāsikā dānaṃ dadamānā parivesanapariyantaṃ sīlaṃ samādiyanti, vihāragatā vihārapariyantaṃ sīlaṃ samādiyanti, ekaṃ vā dve vā tayo vā bhiyyo vā rattindivāni paricchedaṃ katvā sīlaṃ samādiyanti. Ayaṃ kālapariyanto. Imesu dvīsu pariyantesu sikkhāpadaṃ pariyantaṃ katvā samādinnaṃ sīlaṃ vītikkamanena vā maraṇena vā paṭippassambhati, kālaṃ pariyantaṃ katvā samādinnaṃ taṃtaṃkālātikkamena paṭippassambhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Apariyantasikkhāpadāna</span>nti –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Nava koṭisahassāni, asīti satakoṭiyo;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Paññāsa satasahassāni, chattiṃsa ca punāpare.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Ete saṃvaravinayā, sambuddhena pakāsitā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Peyyālamukhena niddiṭṭhā, sikkhā vinayasaṃvare’’ti. –</p>
<p class="unindented">Evaṃ gaṇanavasena pariyantānampi sikkhāpadānaṃ anavasesasamādānabhāvavasena lābhayasañātiaṅgajīvitahetu adiṭṭhapariyantabhāvavasena upari rakkhitabbasīlaparicchedābhāvavasena ca natthi etesaṃ pariyantoti apariyantāni. Apariyantāni sikkhāpadāni etesanti apariyantasikkhāpadā. Tesaṃ apariyantasikkhāpadānaṃ, vuddhapariyantasikkhāpadānanti vā attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Puthujjanakalyāṇakāna</span>ntiādīsu <a name="P1.0205"></a> –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Puthūnaṃ jananādīhi, kāraṇehi puthujjano;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Puthujjanantogadhattā, puthuvāyaṃ jano iti’’. –</p>
<p class="unindented">Vuttaputhujjanalakkhaṇānatikkamepi –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Duve <a name="M1.0189"></a><a name="V1.0173"></a> puthujjanā vuttā, buddhenādiccabandhunā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Andho puthujjano eko, kalyāṇeko puthujjano’’ti. –</p>
<p class="unindented">Vuttaputhujjanadvaye kalyāṇadhammasamāgamena andhaputhujjanabhāvaṃ atikkamma kalyāṇaputhujjanabhāve ṭhitānaṃ puthujjanakalyāṇakānaṃ kalyāṇaputhujjanānanti vuttaṃ hoti. Puthujjanesu vā kalyāṇakānaṃ puthujjanakalyāṇakānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kusaladhamme yuttāna</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">kusala</span>saddo tāva ārogyānavajjachekasukhavipākesu dissati. Ayañhi ‘‘kacci nu bhoto kusalaṃ, kacci bhoto anāmaya’’ntiādīsu (jā. 1.15.146; 2.20.129) ārogye dissati. ‘‘Katamo pana, bhante, kāyasamācāro kusalo? Yo kho, mahārāja, kāyasamācāro anavajjo’’ti (ma. ni. 2.361) ca ‘‘puna caparaṃ, bhante, etadānuttariyaṃ yathā bhagavā dhammaṃ deseti kusalesu dhammesū’’ti ca (dī. ni. 3.145) evamādīsu anavajje. ‘‘Kusalo tvaṃ rathassa aṅgapaccaṅgānaṃ (ma. ni. 2.87), kusalā naccagītassa sikkhitā cāturitthiyo’’tiādīsu (jā. 2.22.94) cheke. ‘‘Kusalānaṃ, bhikkhave, dhammānaṃ samādānahetu (dī. ni. 3.80). Kusalassa kammassa katattā upacitattā’’tiādīsu (dha. sa. 431) sukhavipāke. Svāyamidha ārogyepi anavajjepi sukhavipākepi vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vacanattho panettha kucchite pāpake dhamme salayanti calayanti kampenti viddhaṃsentīti kusalā. Kucchitena vā ākārena sayanti pavattantīti kusā, te kuse lunanti chindantīti kusalā. Kucchitānaṃ vā sānato tanukaraṇato kusaṃ ñāṇaṃ. Tena kusena lātabbā gahetabbā <a name="P1.0206"></a> pavattetabbāti kusalā, yathā vā kusā ubhayabhāgagataṃ hatthappadesaṃ lunanti, evamimepi uppannānuppannabhāvena ubhayabhāgagataṃ saṃkilesapakkhaṃ lunanti, tasmā kusā viya lunantīti kusalā. Apica ārogyaṭṭhena anavajjaṭṭhena kosallasambhūtaṭṭhena vā kusalā. Idha pana yasmā vipassanākusalameva adhippetaṃ, tasmā sese vihāya tasseva dassanatthaṃ ‘‘kusaladhamme’’ti ekavacanaṃ katanti veditabbaṃ. Vipassanākusaladhamme sātaccakiriyatāya sakkaccakāritāya ca yuttānanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sekkhapariyante paripūrakārīna</span>nti ettha tīsu sikkhāsu jātātipi sekkhā, sattannaṃ sekkhānaṃ etetipi sekkhā, sayameva sikkhantītipi sekkhā<a name="M1.0190"></a>. Sotāpattimaggaphalasakadāgāmimaggaphalaanāgāmimaggaphalaarahattamaggadhammā<a name="V1.0174"></a>. Te sekkhā dhammā pariyante avasāne etassa, te vā sekkhā dhammā pariyanto paricchedo etassāti sekkhapariyanto. Tasmiṃ sekkhapariyante dhammeti sambandho. Paripūraṃ paripuṇṇataṃ karontīti paripūrakārino, paripūrakāro paripūrakiriyā etesaṃ atthīti vā paripūrakārino. Tesaṃ sotāpattimaggassa pubbabhāgabhūte sekkhapariyante paṭipadādhamme vipassanāpāripūriyā paripūrakārīnaṃ. <span class="bld">Kāye ca jīvite ca anapekkhāna</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">kāye</span>ti sarīre. Sarīrañhi asucisañcayato kucchitānañca kesādīnaṃ cakkhurogādīnañca rogasatānaṃ āyabhūtattā kāyoti vuccati. <span class="bld">Jīvite</span>ti jīvitindriye. Tañhi jīvanti tenāti jīvitanti vuccati. Natthi etesaṃ apekkhāti anapekkhā, nissinehāti attho. Tesaṃ tasmiṃ kāye ca jīvite ca anapekkhānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni tesaṃ tesu anapekkhattassa kāraṇaṃ dassento <span class="bld">pariccattajīvitāna</span>nti āha. Bhagavato ācariyassa vā sakajīvitapariccāgeneva hi te kilamamānepi kāye vinassamānepi jīvite anapekkhā hontīti. <span class="bld">Sattannaṃ sekkhāna</span>nti sikkhantīti sekkhāti laddhanāmānaṃ sotāpattimaggaṭṭhādīnaṃ sattannaṃ ariyapuggalānaṃ. <span class="bld">Tathāgatasāvakāna</span>nti tathāgatassa sāvakānaṃ. Aṭṭhapi hi ariyapuggalā savanante ariyāya jātiyā jātattā bhagavato desanaṃ anusiṭṭhiṃ aveccappasādayogena sakkaccaṃ suṇantīti sāvakā. Tesupi arahattaphalaṭṭheyeva visesetvā <a name="P1.0207"></a> dassento <span class="bld">khīṇāsavāna</span>nti āha, arahattamaggañāṇena parikkhīṇasabbāsavānanti attho. <span class="bld">Paccekabuddhāna</span>nti taṃ taṃ kāraṇaṃ paṭicca ekova anācariyako catusaccaṃ bujjhitavāti paccekabuddho. Tādisānaṃ paccekabuddhānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tathāgatāna</span>nti ettha aṭṭhahi kāraṇehi bhagavā tathāgato – tathā āgatoti tathāgato, tathā gatoti tathāgato, tathalakkhaṇaṃ āgatoti tathāgato, tathadhamme yāthāvato abhisambuddhoti tathāgato, tathadassitāya tathāgato, tathavāditāya tathāgato, tathā kāritāya tathāgato, abhibhavanaṭṭhena tathāgato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ <a name="M1.0191"></a> bhagavā <span class="bld">tathā āgatoti tathāgato</span>? Yathā sabbalokahitāya ussukkamāpannā purimakā sammāsambuddhā āgatā. Kiṃ vuttaṃ hoti? Yenābhinīhārena purimakā bhagavanto āgatā, teneva amhākampi bhagavā āgato. Atha vā yathā purimakā bhagavanto dānasīlanekkhammapaññāvīriyakhantisaccādhiṭṭhānamettupekkhāsaṅkhātā dasa pāramiyo, dasa upapāramiyo, dasa paramatthapāramiyoti samatiṃsa pāramiyo pūretvā aṅgapariccāgaṃ nayanadhanarajjaputtadārapariccāganti <a name="V1.0175"></a> ime pañca mahāpariccāge pariccajitvā, pubbayogapubbacariyadhammakkhānañātatthacariyādayo pūretvā buddhicariyāya koṭiṃ patvā āgatā, tathā amhākampi bhagavā āgato. Yathā ca purimakā bhagavanto cattāro satipaṭṭhāne cattāro sammappadhāne cattāro iddhipāde pañcindriyāni pañca balāni satta bojjhaṅge ariyaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ bhāvetvā brūhetvā āgatā, tathā amhākampi bhagavā āgatoti tathāgato.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yatheva dīpaṅkarabuddhaādayo, sabbaññubhāvaṃ munayo idhāgatā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tathā ayaṃ sakyamunīpi āgato, tathāgato vuccati tena cakkhumā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ <span class="bld">tathā gatoti tathāgato?</span> Yathā sampatijātā purimakā bhagavanto gatā. Kathañca te gatā? Te hi sampatijātā samehi pādehi pathaviyaṃ patiṭṭhāya uttarenamukhā sattapadavītihārena gatā. Yathāha ‘‘sampatijāto, ānanda, bodhisatto samehi pādehi pathaviyaṃ patiṭṭhahitvā <a name="P1.0208"></a> uttarābhimukho sattapadavītihārena gacchati setamhi chatte anudhārayamāne, sabbā ca disā anuviloketi, āsabhiñca vācaṃ bhāsati ‘aggohamasmi lokassa, jeṭṭhohamasmi lokassa, seṭṭhohamasmi lokassa, ayamantimā jāti, natthi dāni punabbhavo’’’ti (ma. ni. 3.207; dī. ni. 2.31). Tañcassa gamanaṃ tathaṃ ahosi avitathaṃ anekesaṃ visesādhigamānaṃ pubbanimittabhāvena. Yañhi so sampatijāto samehi pādehi patiṭṭhahi, idamassa caturiddhipādapaṭilābhassa pubbanimittaṃ, uttaramukhabhāvo panassa sabbalokuttarabhāvassa pubbanimittaṃ, sattapadavītihāro sattabojjhaṅgaratanapaṭilābhassa pubbanimittaṃ, ‘‘suvaṇṇadaṇḍā vītipatanti cāmarā’’ti (su. ni. 693) ettha <a name="M1.0192"></a> vuttacāmarukkhepo pana sabbatitthiyanimmathanassa pubbanimittaṃ, setacchattadhāraṇaṃ arahattaphalavimuttivaravimalasetacchattapaṭilābhassa pubbanimittaṃ, sabbādisānuvilokanaṃ sabbaññutānāvaraṇañāṇapaṭilābhassa pubbanimittaṃ, āsabhivācābhāsanaṃ pana appaṭivattiyavaradhammacakkappavattanassa pubbanimittaṃ. Tathāyaṃ bhagavāpi gato. Tañcassa gamanaṃ tathaṃ ahosi avitathaṃ tesaṃyeva visesādhigamānaṃ pubbanimittabhāvena. Tenāhu porāṇā –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Muhuttajātova gavaṃpatī yathā, samehi pādehi phusī vasundharaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">So vikkamī satta padāni gotamo, setañca chattaṃ anudhārayuṃ marū.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Gantvāna <a name="V1.0176"></a> so satta padāni gotamo, disā vilokesi samā samantato;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Aṭṭhaṅgupetaṃ giramabbhudīrayi, sīho yathā pabbatamuddhaniṭṭhito’’ti.</p>
<p class="unindented">Evaṃ tathā gatoti tathāgato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha vā yathā purimakā bhagavanto, ayampi bhagavā tatheva nekkhammena kāmacchandaṃ…pe… paṭhamajjhānena nīvaraṇe…pe… aniccānupassanāya niccasaññaṃ…pe… arahattamaggena sabbakilese pahāya gato. Evampi tathā gatoti tathāgato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ <a name="P1.0209"></a> <span class="bld">tathalakkhaṇaṃ āgatoti tathāgato? </span> Pathavīdhātuyā kakkhaḷattalakkhaṇaṃ tathaṃ avitathaṃ, āpodhātuyā paggharaṇalakkhaṇaṃ, tejodhātuyā uṇhattalakkhaṇaṃ, vāyodhātuyā vitthambhanalakkhaṇaṃ, ākāsadhātuyā asamphuṭṭhalakkhaṇaṃ, viññāṇadhātuyā vijānanalakkhaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Rūpassa ruppanalakkhaṇaṃ, vedanāya vedayitalakkhaṇaṃ, saññāya sañjānanalakkhaṇaṃ, saṅkhārānaṃ abhisaṅkharaṇalakkhaṇaṃ, viññāṇassa vijānanalakkhaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vitakkassa abhiniropanalakkhaṇaṃ, vicārassa anumajjanalakkhaṇaṃ, pītiyā pharaṇalakkhaṇaṃ, sukhassa sātalakkhaṇaṃ, cittekaggatāya avikkhepalakkhaṇaṃ, phassassa phusanalakkhaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Saddhindriyassa <a name="M1.0193"></a> adhimokkhalakkhaṇaṃ, vīriyindriyassa paggahalakkhaṇaṃ, satindriyassa upaṭṭhānalakkhaṇaṃ, samādhindriyassa avikkhepalakkhaṇaṃ, paññindriyassa pajānanalakkhaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Saddhābalassa assaddhiye akampiyalakkhaṇaṃ, vīriyabalassa kosajje, satibalassa muṭṭhassacce, samādhibalassa uddhacce, paññābalassa avijjāya akampiyalakkhaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Satisambojjhaṅgassa upaṭṭhānalakkhaṇaṃ, dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgassa pavicayalakkhaṇaṃ, vīriyasambojjhaṅgassa paggahalakkhaṇaṃ, pītisambojjhaṅgassa pharaṇalakkhaṇaṃ, passaddhisambojjhaṅgassa upasamalakkhaṇaṃ, samādhisambojjhaṅgassa avikkhepalakkhaṇaṃ, upekkhāsambojjhaṅgassa paṭisaṅkhānalakkhaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sammādiṭṭhiyā <a name="V1.0177"></a> dassanalakkhaṇaṃ, sammāsaṅkappassa abhiniropanalakkhaṇaṃ, sammāvācāya pariggahalakkhaṇaṃ, sammākammantassa samuṭṭhānalakkhaṇaṃ, sammāājīvassa vodānalakkhaṇaṃ, sammāvāyāmassa paggahalakkhaṇaṃ, sammāsatiyā upaṭṭhānalakkhaṇaṃ, sammāsamādhissa avikkhepalakkhaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Avijjāya aññāṇalakkhaṇaṃ, saṅkhārānaṃ cetanālakkhaṇaṃ, viññāṇassa vijānanalakkhaṇaṃ, nāmassa namanalakkhaṇaṃ, rūpassa ruppanalakkhaṇaṃ, saḷāyatanassa āyatanalakkhaṇaṃ, phassassa phusanalakkhaṇaṃ, vedanāya vedayitalakkhaṇaṃ, taṇhāya hetulakkhaṇaṃ, upādānassa <a name="P1.0210"></a> gahaṇalakkhaṇaṃ, bhavassa āyūhanalakkhaṇaṃ, jātiyā nibbattilakkhaṇaṃ, jarāya jīraṇalakkhaṇaṃ, maraṇassa cutilakkhaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dhātūnaṃ suññatālakkhaṇaṃ, āyatanānaṃ āyatanalakkhaṇaṃ, satipaṭṭhānānaṃ upaṭṭhānalakkhaṇaṃ, sammappadhānānaṃ padahanalakkhaṇaṃ, iddhipādānaṃ ijjhanalakkhaṇaṃ, indriyānaṃ adhipatilakkhaṇaṃ, balānaṃ akampiyalakkhaṇaṃ, bojjhaṅgānaṃ niyyānalakkhaṇaṃ, maggassa hetulakkhaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Saccānaṃ tathalakkhaṇaṃ, samathassa avikkhepalakkhaṇaṃ, vipassanāya anupassanālakkhaṇaṃ, samathavipassanānaṃ ekarasalakkhaṇaṃ, yuganaddhānaṃ anativattanalakkhaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sīlavisuddhiyā saṃvaralakkhaṇaṃ, cittavisuddhiyā avikkhepalakkhaṇaṃ, diṭṭhivisuddhiyā dassanalakkhaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Khaye <a name="M1.0194"></a> ñāṇassa samucchedalakkhaṇaṃ, anuppāde ñāṇassa passaddhilakkhaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Chandassa mūlalakkhaṇaṃ, manasikārassa samuṭṭhānalakkhaṇaṃ, phassassa samodhānalakkhaṇaṃ, vedanāya samosaraṇalakkhaṇaṃ, samādhissa pamukhalakkhaṇaṃ, satiyā ādhipateyyalakkhaṇaṃ, paññāya tatuttarilakkhaṇaṃ, vimuttiyā sāralakkhaṇaṃ, amatogadhassa nibbānassa pariyosānalakkhaṇaṃ tathaṃ avitathaṃ. Etaṃ tathalakkhaṇaṃ ñāṇagatiyā āgato avirajjhitvā patto anuppattoti tathāgato. Evaṃ tathalakkhaṇaṃ āgatoti tathāgato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ <a name="V1.0178"></a> <span class="bld">tathadhamme yāthāvato abhisambuddhoti tathāgato?</span> Tathadhammā nāma cattāri ariyasaccāni. Yathāha – ‘‘cattārimāni, bhikkhave, tathāni avitathāni anaññathāni. Katamāni cattāri? ‘Idaṃ dukkha’nti, bhikkhave, tathametaṃ avitathametaṃ anaññathameta’’nti (saṃ. ni. 5.1090) vitthāro. Tāni ca bhagavā abhisambuddhoti tathānaṃ abhisambuddhattā tathāgatoti vuccati. Abhisambodhattho hi ettha gatasaddo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica jarāmaraṇassa jātipaccayasambhūtasamudāgataṭṭho tatho avitatho anaññatho…pe… saṅkhārānaṃ avijjāpaccayasambhūtasamudāgataṭṭho tatho avitatho anaññatho. Tathā avijjāya saṅkhārānaṃ paccayaṭṭho tatho avitatho anaññatho…pe… jātiyā jarāmaraṇassa <a name="P1.0211"></a> paccayaṭṭho tatho avitatho anaññatho. Taṃ sabbaṃ bhagavā abhisambuddho. Tasmāpi tathānaṃ abhisambuddhattā tathāgato. Evaṃ tathadhamme yāthāvato abhisambuddhoti tathāgato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ <span class="bld">tathadassitāya tathāgato</span>? Bhagavā yaṃ sadevake loke…pe… sadevamanussāya aparimāṇāsu lokadhātūsu aparimāṇānaṃ sattānaṃ cakkhudvāre āpāthaṃ āgacchantaṃ rūpārammaṇaṃ nāma atthi, taṃ sabbākārena jānāti passati. Evaṃ jānatā passatā ca tena taṃ iṭṭhāniṭṭhādivasena vā diṭṭhasutamutaviññātesu labbhamānakapadavasena vā ‘‘katamaṃ taṃ rūpaṃ rūpāyatanaṃ? Yaṃ rūpaṃ catunnaṃ mahābhūtānaṃ upādāya vaṇṇanibhā sanidassanaṃ sappaṭighaṃ nīlaṃ pītaka’’ntiādinā (dha. sa. 616) nayena anekehi nāmehi terasahi vārehi dvipaññāsāya nayehi vibhajjamānaṃ tathameva hoti, vitathaṃ natthi<a name="M1.0195"></a>. Esa nayo sotadvārādīsupi āpāthamāgacchantesu saddādīsu. Vuttampi cetaṃ bhagavatā ‘‘yaṃ, bhikkhave, sadevakassa lokassa…pe… sadevamanussāya diṭṭhaṃ sutaṃ mutaṃ viññātaṃ pattaṃ pariyesitaṃ anuvicaritaṃ manasā, tamahaṃ jānāmi, tamahaṃ abbhaññāsiṃ, taṃ tathāgatassa viditaṃ, taṃ tathāgato na upaṭṭhāsī’’ti (a. ni. 4.24). Evaṃ tathadassitāya tathāgato. Tattha tathadassīatthe tathāgatoti padasambhavo veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ <span class="bld">tathavāditāya tathāgato</span>? Yaṃ rattiṃ bhagavā bodhimaṇḍe aparājitapallaṅke nisinno catunnaṃ mārānaṃ matthakaṃ madditvā anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambuddho, yañca rattiṃ yamakasālānamantare anupādisesāya nibbānadhātuyā parinibbāyi, etthantare pañcacattālīsavassaparimāṇe kāle paṭhamabodhiyāpi majjhimabodhiyāpi pacchimabodhiyāpi yaṃ bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ suttaṃ geyyaṃ…pe… vedallaṃ, taṃ sabbaṃ atthato ca byañjanato ca anavajjaṃ anupavajjaṃ <a name="V1.0179"></a> anūnamanadhikaṃ sabbākāraparipuṇṇaṃ rāgamadanimmadanaṃ dosamohamadanimmadanaṃ, natthi tattha vālaggamattampi pakkhalitaṃ, sabbaṃ taṃ ekamuddikāya lañchitaṃ viya, ekanāḷikāya <a name="P1.0212"></a> mitaṃ viya, ekatulāya tulitaṃ viya, ca tathameva hoti. Yathāha ‘‘yañca, cunda, rattiṃ tathāgato anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambujjhati, yañca rattiṃ anupādisesāya nibbānadhātuyā parinibbāyati, yaṃ etasmiṃ antare bhāsati lapati niddisati, sabbaṃ taṃ tathameva hoti, no aññathā. Tasmā ‘tathāgato’ti vuccatī’’ti (dī. ni. 3.188). Gadaattho hi ettha gatasaddo. Evaṃ tathavāditāya tathāgato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica āgadanaṃ āgado, vacananti attho. Tatho aviparīto āgado assāti dakārassa takāraṃ katvā tathāgatoti evametasmiṃ atthe padasiddhi veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ <span class="bld">tathākāritāya tathāgato</span>? Bhagavato hi vācāya kāyo anulometi, kāyassāpi vācā, tasmā yathāvādī tathākārī yathākārī tathāvādī ca hoti. Evaṃbhūtassa cassa yathā vācā, kāyopi tathā gato pavattoti attho. Yathā ca kāyo, vācāpi tathā <a name="M1.0196"></a> gatā pavattāti tathāgato. Tenevāha – ‘‘yathāvādī, bhikkhave, tathāgato tathākārī, yathākārī tathāvādī. Iti yathāvādī tathākārī, yathākārī tathāvādī. Tasmā ‘tathāgato’ti vuccatī’’ti. Evaṃ tathākāritāya tathāgato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ <span class="bld">abhibhavanaṭṭhena tathāgato</span>? Upari bhavaggaṃ heṭṭhā avīciṃ pariyantaṃ katvā tiriyaṃ aparimāṇāsu lokadhātūsu sabbasatte abhibhavati sīlena samādhinā paññāya vimuttiyā vimuttiñāṇadassanena, na tassa tulā vā pamāṇaṃ vā atthi, atulo appameyyo anuttaro rājādhirājā devānaṃ atidevo sakkānaṃ atisakko brahmānaṃ atibrahmā. Tenāha – ‘‘sadevake, bhikkhave, loke…pe… sadevamanussāya tathāgato abhibhū anabhibhūto aññadatthu daso vasavattī. Tasmā ‘tathāgato’ti vuccatī’’ti (a. ni. 4.23).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatthevaṃ padasiddhi veditabbā – agado viya agado. Ko panesa? Desanāvilāso ceva puññussayo ca. Tena hesa mahānubhāvo bhisakko dibbāgadena sappe viya sabbaparappavādino sadevakañca lokaṃ abhibhavati. Iti sabbalokābhibhavane tatho aviparīto desanāvilāsamayo ceva puññamayo ca agado assāti dakārassa takāraṃ katvā tathāgatoti veditabbo. Evaṃ abhibhavanaṭṭhena tathāgato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica <a name="V1.0180"></a> tathāya gatotipi tathāgato, tathaṃ gatotipi tathāgatoti. <span class="bld">Gato</span>ti avagato atīto patto paṭipannoti attho<a name="P1.0213"></a>. Tattha sakalaṃ lokaṃ tīraṇapariññāya tathāya gato avagatoti tathāgato, lokasamudayaṃ pahānapariññāya tathāya gato atītoti tathāgato, lokanirodhaṃ sacchikiriyāya tathāya gato pattoti tathāgato, lokanirodhagāminipaṭipadaṃ tathaṃ gato paṭipannoti tathāgato. Tena yaṃ vuttaṃ bhagavatā – ‘‘loko, bhikkhave, tathāgatena abhisambuddho, lokasmā tathāgato visaṃyutto. Lokasamudayo, bhikkhave, tathāgatena abhisambuddho, lokasamudayo tathāgatassa pahīno. Lokanirodho, bhikkhave<a name="M1.0197"></a>, tathāgatena abhisambuddho lokanirodho tathāgatassa sacchikato. Lokanirodhagāminī paṭipadā, bhikkhave, tathāgatena abhisambuddhā, lokanirodhagāminīpaṭipadā tathāgatassa bhāvitā. Yaṃ, bhikkhave, sadevakassa lokassa…pe… anuvicaritaṃ manasā, sabbaṃ taṃ tathāgatena abhisambuddhaṃ. Tasmā ‘tathāgato’ti vuccatī’’ti (a. ni. 4.23). Tassa evampi attho veditabbo. Idampi ca tathāgatassa tathāgatabhāvadīpane mukhamattameva. Sabbākārena pana tathāgatova tathāgatassa tathāgatabhāvaṃ vaṇṇeyya. Yasmā pana sabbabuddhā tathāgataguṇenāpi samasamā, tasmā sabbesaṃ vasena <span class="bld">tathāgatāna</span>nti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Arahantāna</span>nti kilesehi ārakattā, arīnaṃ arānañca hatattā, paccayādīnaṃ arahattā, pāpakaraṇe rahābhāvā tathāgato arahaṃ. Ārakā hi so sabbakilesehi suvidūravidūre ṭhito maggena savāsanānaṃ kilesānaṃ pahīnattāti arahaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">So tato ārakā nāma, yassa yenāsamaṅgitā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Asamaṅgī ca dosehi, nātho tenārahaṃ mato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Te cānena kilesārayo maggena hatāti arīnaṃ hatattāpi arahaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Yasmā rāgādisaṅkhātā, sabbepi arayo hatā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Paññāsatthena nāthena, tasmāpi arahaṃ mato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yañcetaṃ <a name="V1.0181"></a> avijjābhavataṇhāmayanābhipuññādiabhisaṅkhārānaṃ jarāmaraṇanemi āsavasamudayamayena akkhena vijjhitvā <a name="P1.0214"></a> tibhavarathe samāyojitaṃ anādikālappavattaṃ saṃsāracakkaṃ, tassānena bodhimaṇḍe vīriyapādehi sīlapathaviyaṃ patiṭṭhāya saddhāhatthena kammakkhayakaraṃ ñāṇapharasuṃ gahetvā sabbe arā hatāti arānaṃ hatattāpi arahaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Arā saṃsāracakkassa, hatā ñāṇāsinā yato;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Lokanāthena tenesa, arahanti pavuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aggadakkhiṇeyyattā ca cīvarādipaccaye arahati pūjāvisesañca. Teneva ca uppanne tathāgate ye keci mahesakkhā devamanussā, na te <a name="M1.0198"></a> aññattha pūjaṃ karonti. Tathā hi brahmā sahampati sinerumattena ratanadāmena tathāgataṃ pūjesi, yathābalañca aññe devā manussā ca bimbisārakosalarājādayo. Parinibbutampi ca bhagavantaṃ uddissa channavutikoṭidhanaṃ vissajjetvā asokamahārājā sakalajambudīpe caturāsīti vihārasahassāni patiṭṭhāpesi, ko pana vādo aññesaṃ pūjāvisesānanti paccayādīnaṃ arahattāpi arahaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Pūjāvisesaṃ saha paccayehi, yasmā ayaṃ arahati lokanātho;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Atthānurūpaṃ arahanti loke, tasmā jino arahati nāmametaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā ca loke ye keci paṇḍitamānino bālā asilokabhayena raho pāpaṃ karonti, evamesa na kadāci karotīti pāpakaraṇe rahābhāvatopi arahaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Yasmā natthi raho nāma, pāpakammesu tādino;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Rahābhāvena tenesa, arahaṃ iti vissuto.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ sabbathāpi –</p>
<p class="gatha1">Ārakattā hatattā ca, kilesārīna so muni;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Hatasaṃsāracakkāro, paccayādīna cāraho;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Na raho karoti pāpāni, arahaṃ tena vuccatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā <a name="V1.0182"></a><a name="P1.0215"></a> pana sabbabuddhā arahattaguṇenāpi samasamā, tasmā sabbesaṃ vasena ‘‘arahantāna’’nti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sammāsambuddhāna</span>nti sammā sāmañca sabbadhammānaṃ buddhattā sammāsambuddho. Tathā hesa sabbadhamme sammā sambuddho, abhiññeyye dhamme abhiññeyyato buddho, pariññeyye dhamme pariññeyyato, pahātabbe dhamme pahātabbato, sacchikātabbe dhamme sacchikātabbato, bhāvetabbe dhamme bhāvetabbato. Tenevāha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Abhiññeyyaṃ abhiññātaṃ, bhāvetabbañca bhāvitaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Pahātabbaṃ pahīnaṃ me, tasmā buddhosmi brāhmaṇā’’ti. (ma. ni. 2.399; su. ni. 563);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha <a name="M1.0199"></a> vā cakkhu dukkhasaccaṃ, tassa mūlakāraṇabhāvena samuṭṭhāpikā purimataṇhā samudayasaccaṃ, ubhinnaṃ appavatti nirodhasaccaṃ, nirodhappajānanā paṭipadā maggasaccanti evaṃ ekekapaduddhārenāpi sabbadhamme sammā sāmañca buddho. Esa nayo sotaghānajivhākāyamanesu. Eteneva nayena rūpādīni cha āyatanāni, cakkhuviññāṇādayo cha viññāṇakāyā, cakkhusamphassādayo cha phassā, cakkhusamphassajādayo cha vedanā, rūpasaññādayo cha saññā, rūpasañcetanādayo cha cetanā, rūpataṇhādayo cha taṇhākāyā, rūpavitakkādayo cha vitakkā, rūpavicārādayo cha vicārā, rūpakkhandhādayo pañcakkhandhā, dasa kasiṇāni, dasa anussatiyo, uddhumātakasaññādivasena dasa saññā, kesādayo dvattiṃsākārā, dvādasāyatanāni, aṭṭhārasa dhātuyo, kāmabhavādayo nava bhavā, paṭhamādīni cattāri jhānāni, mettābhāvanādayo catasso appamaññā, catasso arūpasamāpattiyo, paṭilomato jarāmaraṇādīni, anulomato avijjādīni paṭiccasamuppādaṅgāni ca yojetabbāni. Tatrāyaṃ ekapadayojanā – jarāmaraṇaṃ dukkhasaccaṃ, jāti samudayasaccaṃ, ubhinnaṃ nissaraṇaṃ nirodhasaccaṃ, nirodhappajānanā paṭipadā maggasaccanti evaṃ ekekapaduddhārena sabbadhamme sammā sāmañca buddho anubuddho paṭividdho. Yaṃ vā pana kiñci atthi neyyaṃ nāma, sabbassa sammā sambuddhattā vimokkhantikañāṇavasena sammāsambuddho. Tassa pana vibhāgo upari āvi bhavissatīti. Yasmā pana sabbabuddhā sammāsambuddhaguṇenāpi samasamā, tasmā sabbesaṃ vasena ‘‘sammāsambuddhāna’’nti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para38"></a><span class="paranum">38</span>. Idāni <a name="V1.0183"></a><a name="P1.0216"></a> pariyantapārisuddhiapariyantapārisuddhisīladvaye ekekameva sīlaṃ pañcadhā bhinditvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">atthi sīlaṃ pariyantaṃ, atthi sīlaṃ apariyanta</span>ntiādimāha. Itaresu pana tīsu sīlesu tathāvidho bhedo natthīti. Tattha <span class="bld">lābhapariyanta</span>nti lābhena pariyanto bhedo etassāti lābhapariyantaṃ. Evaṃ sesānipi. <span class="bld">Yaso</span>ti panettha parivāro. <span class="bld">Idhā</span>ti imasmiṃ loke. <span class="bld">Ekacco</span>ti eko. <span class="bld">Lābhahetū</span>ti lābhoyeva hetu lābhahetu, tasmā lābhahetutoti vuttaṃ hoti. Hetvatthe nissakkavacanaṃ. ‘‘Lābhapaccayā lābhakāraṇā’’ti tasseva vevacanaṃ. Hetumeva hi paṭicca etaṃ phalametīti <span class="bld">paccayo</span>ti ca, phaluppattiṃ kārayatīti <span class="bld">kāraṇa</span>nti ca vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yathāsamādinna</span>nti <a name="M1.0200"></a> yaṃ yaṃ samādinnaṃ gahitaṃ. <span class="bld">Vītikkamatī</span>ti ajjhācarati. <span class="bld">Evarūpānī</span>ti evaṃsabhāvāni, vuttappakārānīti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Sīlānī</span>ti gahaṭṭhasīlāni vā hontu pabbajitasīlāni vā, yesaṃ ādimhi vā ante vā ekaṃ bhinnaṃ, tāni pariyante chinnasāṭako viya <span class="bld">khaṇḍāni</span>. Yesaṃ vemajjhe ekaṃ bhinnaṃ, tāni majjhe vinividdhasāṭako viya <span class="bld">chiddāni</span>. Yesaṃ paṭipāṭiyā dve vā tīṇi vā bhinnāni, tāni piṭṭhiyā vā kucchiyā vā uṭṭhitena dīghavaṭṭādisaṇṭhānena visabhāgavaṇṇena kāḷarattādīnaṃ aññatarasarīravaṇṇā gāvī viya <span class="bld">sabalāni</span>. Yesaṃ antarantarā ekekāni bhinnāni, tāni antarantarā visabhāgavaṇṇabinduvicitrā gāvī viya <span class="bld">kammāsāni</span>. Avisesena vā sabbānipi sattavidhena methunasaṃyogena kodhūpanāhādīhi ca pāpadhammehi upahatattā khaṇḍāni chiddāni sabalāni kammāsānīti. Tāniyeva taṇhādāsabyato mocetvā bhujissabhāvākaraṇena <span class="bld">na bhujissāni</span>. Buddhādīhi viññūhi na pasatthattā <span class="bld">na viññuppasatthāni</span>. Taṇhādiṭṭhīhi parāmaṭṭhattā, kenaci vā ‘‘ayaṃ te sīlesu doso’’ti parāmaṭṭhuṃ sakkuṇeyyatāya <span class="bld">parāmaṭṭhāni</span>. Upacārasamādhiṃ appanāsamādhiṃ vā, atha vā maggasamādhiṃ phalasamādhiṃ vā na saṃvattayantīti <span class="bld">asamādhisaṃvattanikāni</span>. Na samādhisaṃvattanikānītipi pāṭho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Keci pana ‘‘khaṇḍānīti kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ appatiṭṭhābhūtattā, chiddānītipi evaṃ. Sabalānīti vivaṇṇakaraṇattā, kammāsānītipi <a name="P1.0217"></a> evaṃ. Na bhujissānīti taṇhādāsabyaṃ gatattā. Na viññuppasatthānīti kusalehi garahitattā. Parāmaṭṭhānīti taṇhāya gahitattā. Asamādhisaṃvattanikānīti vippaṭisāravatthubhūtattā’’ti evamatthaṃ vaṇṇayanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na avippaṭisāravatthukānī</span>ti vippaṭisārāvahattā avippaṭisārassa patiṭṭhā na hontīti attho. <span class="bld">Na pāmojjavatthukānī</span>ti avippaṭisārajāya dubbalapītiyā na vatthubhūtāni tassā anāvahattā<a name="V1.0184"></a>. Evaṃ sesesupi yojanā kātabbā. <span class="bld">Na pītivatthukānī</span>ti dubbalapītijāya balavapītiyā na vatthubhūtāni. <span class="bld">Na passaddhivatthukānī</span>ti balavapītijāya kāyacittapassaddhiyā na vatthubhūtāni. <span class="bld">Na sukhavatthukānī</span>ti passaddhijassa kāyikacetasikasukhassa na vatthubhūtāni. <span class="bld">Na samādhivatthukānī</span>ti sukhajassa samādhissa <a name="M1.0201"></a> na vatthubhūtāni. <span class="bld">Na yathābhūtañāṇadassanavatthukānī</span>ti samādhipadaṭṭhānassa yathābhūtañāṇadassanassa na vatthubhūtāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na ekantanibbidāyā</span>tiādīsu <span class="bld">na</span>-kārameva āharitvā ‘‘na virāgāyā’’tiādinā nayena sesapadehipi yojetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Na virāgāyā</span>tiādīsu sanakāro vā pāṭho. Tattha <span class="bld">ekantanibbidāyā</span>ti ekantena vaṭṭe nibbindanatthāya na saṃvattantīti sambandho. Evaṃ sesesupi yojetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Virāgāyā</span>ti vaṭṭe virajjanatthāya. <span class="bld">Nirodhāyā</span>ti vaṭṭassa nirodhanatthāya. <span class="bld">Upasamāyā</span>ti nirodhitassa puna anuppattivasena vaṭṭassa upasamanatthāya. <span class="bld">Abhiññāyā</span>ti vaṭṭassa abhijānanatthāya. <span class="bld">Sambodhāyā</span>ti kilesaniddāvigamena vaṭṭato pabujjhanatthāya. <span class="bld">Nibbānāyā</span>ti amatanibbānatthāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yathāsamādinnaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ vītikkamāyā</span>ti yathāsamādinnassa sikkhāpadassa vītikkamanatthāya. Vibhattivipallāsavasena panettha upayogavacanaṃ kataṃ. <span class="bld">Cittampi na uppādetī</span>ti cittuppādasuddhiyā sīlassa ativisuddhabhāvadassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ, na pana cittuppādamattena sīlaṃ bhijjati. <span class="bld">Kiṃ so vītikkamissatī</span>ti kimatthaṃ vītikkamaṃ karissati, neva vītikkamaṃ karissatīti attho. <span class="bld">Akhaṇḍānī</span>tiādīni heṭṭhā vuttapaṭipakkhanayena veditabbāni. Na khaṇḍānītipi pāṭho. ‘‘Ekantanibbidāyā’’tiādīsu ekantena vaṭṭe nibbindanatthāyātiādinā nayena yojetabbaṃ<a name="P1.0218"></a>. Ettha pana <span class="bld">nibbidāyā</span>ti vipassanā. <span class="bld">Virāgāyā</span>ti maggo. <span class="bld">Nirodhāya upasamāyā</span>ti nibbānaṃ. <span class="bld">Abhiññāya sambodhāyā</span>ti maggo. <span class="bld">Nibbānāyā</span>ti nibbānameva. Ekasmiṃ ṭhāne vipassanā, dvīsu maggo, tīsu nibbānaṃ vuttanti evaṃ avatthānakathā veditabbā. Pariyāyena pana sabbānipetāni maggavevacanānipi nibbānavevacanānipi hontiyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para39"></a><span class="paranum">39</span>. Idāni pariyantāpariyantavasena vijjamānapabhedaṃ dassetvā puna dhammavasena jātivasena paccayavasena sampayuttavasena sīlassa pabhedaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">kiṃ sīla</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha samuṭṭhāti etenāti samuṭṭhānaṃ. Paccayassetaṃ nāmaṃ. Kiṃ samuṭṭhānamassāti <span class="bld">kiṃsamuṭṭhānaṃ</span>. Katinaṃ dhammānaṃ samodhānaṃ samavāyo assāti <span class="bld">katidhammasamodhānaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cetanā</span> <a name="V1.0185"></a> <span class="bld">sīla</span>nti pāṇātipātādīhi viramantassa, vattapaṭipattiṃ vā pūrentassa cetanā. <span class="bld">Cetasikaṃ sīla</span>nti pāṇātipātādīhi viramantassa virati. Apica cetanā sīlaṃ nāma pāṇātipātādīni pajahantassa sattakammapathacetanā<a name="M1.0202"></a>. Cetasikaṃ sīlaṃ nāma ‘‘abhijjhaṃ loke pahāya vigatābhijjhena cetasā viharatī’’tiādinā (dī. ni. 1.217) nayena vuttā anabhijjhāabyāpādasammādiṭṭhidhammā. <span class="bld">Saṃvaro sīla</span>nti ettha pañcavidho saṃvaro veditabbo – pātimokkhasaṃvaro, satisaṃvaro, ñāṇasaṃvaro, khantisaṃvaro, vīriyasaṃvaroti. Tattha ‘‘iminā pātimokkhasaṃvarena upeto hoti samupeto’’ti (vibha. 511) ayaṃ <span class="bld">pātimokkhasaṃvaro</span>. ‘‘Rakkhati cakkhundriyaṃ, cakkhundriye saṃvaraṃ āpajjatī’’ti (dī. ni. 1.213; ma. ni. 1.295; saṃ. ni. 4.239; a. ni. 3.16) ayaṃ <span class="bld">satisaṃvaro</span>.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yāni sotāni lokasmiṃ, (ajitāti bhagavā;)</p>
<p class="gatha2">Sati tesaṃ nivāraṇaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sotānaṃ saṃvaraṃ brūmi, paññāyete pidhīyare’’ti. (su. ni. 1041) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Ayaṃ <span class="bld">ñāṇasaṃvaro</span>. Paccayapaṭisevanampi ettheva samodhānaṃ gacchati. Yo panāyaṃ ‘‘khamo hoti sītassa uṇhassā’’tiādinā (ma. ni. 1.24; a. ni. 4.114; 6.58) nayena āgato, ayaṃ <span class="bld">khantisaṃvaro</span> nāma. Yo cāyaṃ ‘‘uppannaṃ kāmavitakkaṃ nādhivāsetī’’tiādinā (ma. ni. 1.26; a. ni. 4.114; 6.58) nayena āgato, ayaṃ <span class="bld">vīriyasaṃvaro</span> nāma. Ājīvapārisuddhipi <a name="P1.0219"></a> ettheva samodhānaṃ gacchati. Iti ayaṃ pañcavidhopi saṃvaro, yā ca pāpabhīrukānaṃ kulaputtānaṃ sampattavatthuto virati, sabbametaṃ saṃvarasīlanti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Avītikkamo sīla</span>nti samādinnasīlassa kāyikavācasiko avītikkamo. Idaṃ tāva <span class="bld">kiṃ sīla</span>nti pañhassa vissajjanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kati sīlānī</span>ti pañhassa vissajjane <span class="bld">kusalasīlaṃ akusalasīlaṃ abyākatasīla</span>nti ettha yasmā loke tesaṃ tesaṃ sattānaṃ pakati sīlanti vuccati, yaṃ sandhāya ‘‘ayaṃ sukhasīlo, ayaṃ dukkhasīlo, ayaṃ kalahasīlo, ayaṃ maṇḍanasīlo’’ti bhaṇanti. Tasmā tena pariyāyena atthuddhāravasena akusalasīlamapi sīlanti vuttaṃ. Taṃ pana ‘‘sutvāna saṃvare paññā’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.37) vacanato idhādhippetasīlaṃ na hotīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā <a name="M1.0203"></a><a name="V1.0186"></a> pana cetanādibhedassa sīlassa sampayuttacittaṃ samuṭṭhānaṃ, tasmā <span class="bld">kusalacittasamuṭṭhānaṃ kusalasīla</span>ntiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saṃvarasamodhānaṃ sīla</span>nti saṃvarasampayuttakhandhā. Te hi saṃvarena samāgatā missībhūtāti saṃvarasamodhānanti vuttā. Evaṃ avītikkamasamodhānaṃ sīlampi veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Tathābhāve jātacetanā samodhānaṃ sīla</span>nti saṃvarabhāve avītikkamabhāve jātacetanāsampayuttā khandhā. Yasmā ca tīsupi cetesu taṃsampayuttā dhammā adhippetā, tasmā cetanāsamodhānena cetasikānampi saṅgahitattā cetasikasamodhānasīlaṃ visuṃ na niddiṭṭhanti veditabbaṃ. Heṭṭhā cetanādayo dhammā ‘‘sīla’’nti vuttā. Na kevalaṃ te eva sīlaṃ, taṃsampayuttā dhammāpi sīlamevāti dassanatthaṃ ayaṃ tiko vuttoti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para40"></a><span class="paranum">40</span>. Idāni yasmā cetanācetasikā saṃvarāvītikkamāyeva honti na visuṃ, tasmā saṃvarāvītikkameyeva yāva arahattamaggā sādhāraṇakkamena yojento <span class="bld">pāṇātipātaṃ saṃvaraṭṭhena sīlaṃ, avītikkamaṭṭhena sīla</span>ntiādimāha. Pāṇātipātā veramaṇiādayo hi yasmā attano attano paccanīkaṃ saṃvaranti, taṃ na vītikkamanti ca, tasmā saṃvaraṇato avītikkamanato ca saṃvaraṭṭhena sīlaṃ avītikkamaṭṭhena sīlaṃ nāma hoti. Tattha <span class="bld">pāṇātipātaṃ saṃvaraṭṭhenā</span>ti pāṇātipātassa pidahanaṭṭhena sīlaṃ. Kiṃ taṃ? Pāṇātipātā veramaṇī. Sā ca taṃ saṃvarantīyeva taṃ na vītikkamatīti <span class="bld">avītikkamaṭṭhena</span> sīlaṃ. Evameva <span class="bld">adinnādānā veramaṇi</span>ādayo anabhijjhāabyāpādasammādiṭṭhiyo yojetabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pāṇātipāta</span>ntiādīsu <a name="P1.0220"></a> pana dasasu akusalakammapathesu pāṇassa atipāto <span class="bld">pāṇātipāto</span>. Pāṇavadho pāṇaghātoti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Pāṇo</span>ti cettha vohārato satto, paramatthato jīvitindriyaṃ. Tasmiṃ pana pāṇe pāṇasaññino jīvitindriyupacchedakaupakkamasamuṭṭhāpikā kāyavacīdvārānaṃ aññataradvārappavattā vadhakacetanā pāṇātipāto. So guṇavirahitesu tiracchānagatādīsu pāṇesu khuddake pāṇe appasāvajjo, mahāsarīre mahāsāvajjo. Kasmā? Payogamahantatāya. Payogasamattepi vatthumahantatāya. Guṇavantesu manussādīsu appaguṇe pāṇe appasāvajjo, mahāguṇe mahāsāvajjo. Sarīraguṇānaṃ <a name="M1.0204"></a> pana samabhāve sati kilesānaṃ upakkamānañca mudutāya appasāvajjo, tibbatāya mahāsāvajjoti veditabbo. Tassa pañca sambhārā – pāṇo, pāṇasaññitā, vadhakacittaṃ, upakkamo, tena maraṇanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Adinnassa <a name="V1.0187"></a> ādānaṃ <span class="bld">adinnādānaṃ,</span> parasaṃharaṇaṃ, theyyaṃ, corikāti vuttaṃ hoti. Tattha <span class="bld">adinna</span>nti parapariggahitaṃ, yattha paro yathākāmakāritaṃ āpajjanto adaṇḍāraho anupavajjo ca hoti, tasmiṃ parapariggahite parapariggahitasaññino tadādāyakaupakkamasamuṭṭhāpikā kāyavacīdvārānaṃ aññataradvārappavattā theyyacetanā adinnādānaṃ. Taṃ hīne parasantake appasāvajjaṃ, paṇīte mahāsāvajjaṃ. Kasmā? Vatthupaṇītatāya. Vatthusamatte sati guṇādhikānaṃ santake vatthusmiṃ mahāsāvajjaṃ, taṃ taṃ guṇādhikaṃ upādāya tato tato hīnaguṇassa santake vatthusmiṃ appasāvajjaṃ. Tassa pañca sambhārā – parapariggahitaṃ, parapariggahitasaññitā theyyacittaṃ, upakkamo, tena haraṇanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāmesū</span>ti methunasamācāresu. <span class="bld">Micchācāro</span>ti ekantanindito lāmakācāro. Lakkhaṇato pana asaddhammādhippāyena kāyadvārappavattā agamanīyaṭṭhānavītikkamacetanā kāmesu micchācāro.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">agamanīyaṭṭhānaṃ</span> nāma purisānaṃ tāva māturakkhitā, piturakkhitā, mātāpiturakkhitā, bhāturakkhitā, bhaginirakkhitā, ñātirakkhitā, gottarakkhitā, dhammarakkhitā, sārakkhā, saparidaṇḍāti māturakkhitādayo dasa, dhanakkītā, chandavāsinī, bhogavāsinī, paṭavāsinī, odapattakinī, obhatacumbaṭā, dāsī ca, bhariyā ca, kammakārī ca bhariyā ca, dhajāhaṭā muhuttikāti dhanakkītādayo dasāti <a name="P1.0221"></a> vīsati itthiyo. Itthīsu pana dvinnaṃ sārakkhasaparidaṇḍānaṃ dasannañca dhanakkītādīnanti dvādasannaṃ itthīnaṃ aññe purisā, idaṃ agamanīyaṭṭhānaṃ nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">So panesa micchācāro sīlādiguṇarahite agamanīyaṭṭhāne appasāvajjo, sīlādiguṇasampanne mahāsāvajjo. Tassa cattāro sambhārā – agamanīyavatthu, tasmiṃ sevanacittaṃ, sevanapayogo, maggenamaggapaṭipattiadhivāsananti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Musā</span>ti <a name="M1.0205"></a> visaṃvādanapurekkhārassa atthabhañjako vacīpayogo, kāyapayogo vā. Visaṃvādanādhippāyena panassa paravisaṃvādakakāyavacīpayogasamuṭṭhāpikā cetanā musāvādo. Aparo nayo – <span class="bld">musā</span>ti abhūtaṃ atacchaṃ vatthu. <span class="bld">Vādo</span>ti tassa bhūtato tacchato viññāpanaṃ. Lakkhaṇato pana atathaṃ vatthuṃ tathato paraṃ viññāpetukāmassa tathāviññattisamuṭṭhāpikā cetanā musāvādo. So yamatthaṃ bhañjati, tassa appatāya appasāvajjo, mahantatāya mahāsāvajjo. Apica gahaṭṭhānaṃ attano santakaṃ adātukāmatāya natthītiādinayappavatto appasāvajjo, sakkhinā <a name="V1.0188"></a> hutvā atthabhañjanatthaṃ vutto mahāsāvajjo. Pabbajitānaṃ appakampi telaṃ vā sappiṃ vā labhitvā hasādhippāyena ‘‘ajja gāme telaṃ nadī maññe sandatī’’ti pūraṇakathānayena pavatto appasāvajjo, adiṭṭhaṃyeva pana diṭṭhantiādinā nayena vadantānaṃ mahāsāvajjo. Tassa cattāro sambhārā – atathaṃ vatthu, visaṃvādanacittaṃ, tajjo vāyāmo, parassa tadatthavijānananti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yāya vācāya yassa taṃ vācaṃ bhāsati, tassa hadaye attano piyabhāvaṃ, parassa ca suññabhāvaṃ karoti, sā <span class="bld">pisuṇā vācā</span>. Yāya pana attānampi parampi pharusaṃ karoti, yā vācā sayampi pharusā neva kaṇṇasukhā na hadayasukhā vā, ayaṃ <span class="bld">pharusā vācā</span>. Yena samphaṃ palapati niratthakaṃ, so <span class="bld">samphappalāpo</span>. Tesaṃ mūlabhūtā cetanāpi pisuṇāvācādināmameva labhati. Sā eva ca idha adhippetāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha saṃkiliṭṭhacittassa paresaṃ vā bhedāya attano piyakamyatāya vā kāyavacīpayogasamuṭṭhāpikā cetanā pisuṇā vācā. Sā yassa bhedaṃ karoti, tassa appaguṇatāya appasāvajjā, mahāguṇatāya mahāsāvajjā. Tassā cattāro sambhārā <a name="P1.0222"></a> – bhinditabbo paro, ‘‘iti ime nānā bhavissantī’’ti bhedapurekkhāratā vā ‘‘iti ahaṃ piyo bhavissāmi vissāsiko’’ti piyakamyatā vā, tajjo vāyāmo, tassa tadatthavijānananti. Pare pana abhinne kammapathabhedo natthi, bhinneyeva hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Parassa mammacchedakakāyavacīpayogasamuṭṭhāpikā ekantapharusacetanā pharusā vācā. Mammacchedakopi pana payogo cittasaṇhatāya pharusā vācā na hoti. Mātāpitaro hi kadāci puttake evampi vadanti ‘‘corā vo khaṇḍākhaṇḍikaṃ karontū’’ti. Uppalapattampi ca nesaṃ upari patantaṃ <a name="M1.0206"></a> na icchanti. Ācariyupajjhāyā ca kadāci nissitake evaṃ vadanti ‘‘kiṃ ime ahirikā anottappino, niddhamatha ne’’ti. Atha ca nesaṃ āgamādhigamasampattiṃ icchanti. Yathā ca cittasaṇhatāya pharusā vācā na hoti, evaṃ vacanasaṇhatāya apharusā vācāpi na hoti. Na hi mārāpetukāmassa ‘‘imaṃ sukhaṃ sayāpethā’’ti vacanaṃ apharusā vācā hoti, cittapharusatāya panesā pharusā vācāva. Sā yaṃ sandhāya pavattitā, tassa appaguṇatāya appasāvajjā, mahāguṇatāya mahāsāvajjā. Tassā tayo sambhārā – akkositabbo paro, kupitacittaṃ, akkosanāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Anatthaviññāpikā <a name="V1.0189"></a> kāyavacīpayogasamuṭṭhāpikā akusalacetanā samphappalāpo. So āsevanamandatāya appasāvajjo, āsevanamahantatāya mahāsāvajjo. Tassa dve sambhārā – bhāratayuddhasītāharaṇādiniratthakakathāpurekkhāratā, tathārūpikathākathanañcāti. Pare pana taṃ kathaṃ agaṇhante kammapathabhedo natthi, parena samphappalāpe gahiteyeva hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Abhijjhāyatīti <span class="bld">abhijjhā,</span> parabhaṇḍābhimukhī hutvā tanninnatāya pavattatīti attho. Sā ‘‘aho vata idaṃ mamassā’’ti evaṃ parabhaṇḍābhijjhāyanalakkhaṇā, adinnādānaṃ viya appasāvajjā mahāsāvajjā ca. Tassa dve sambhārā – parabhaṇḍaṃ, attano pariṇāmanañcāti. Parabhaṇḍavatthuke hi lobhe uppannepi na tāva kammapathabhedo hoti, yāva ‘‘aho vata idaṃ mamassā’’ti attano na pariṇāmeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Hitasukhaṃ byāpādayatīti <span class="bld">byāpādo</span>. So paravināsāya manopadosalakkhaṇo, pharusā vācā viya appasāvajjo mahāsāvajjo ca. Tassa dve sambhārā – parasatto ca, tassa ca vināsacintāti. Parasattavatthuke hi kodhe uppannepi na tāva <a name="P1.0223"></a> kammapathabhedo hoti, yāva ‘‘aho vatāyaṃ ucchijjeyya vinasseyyā’’ti tassa vināsaṃ na cinteti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathābhuccagahaṇābhāvena <a name="M1.0207"></a> micchā passatīti <span class="bld">micchādiṭṭhi</span>. Sā ‘‘natthi dinna’’ntiādinā nayena viparītadassanalakkhaṇā, samphappalāpo viya appasāvajjā, mahāsāvajjā ca. Apica aniyatā appasāvajjā, niyatā mahāsāvajjā. Tassā dve sambhārā – vatthuno ca gahitākāraviparītatā, yathā ca taṃ gaṇhāti, tathābhāvena tassūpaṭṭhānanti. Tattha natthikāhetukaakiriyadiṭṭhīhi eva kammapathabhedo hoti, na aññadiṭṭhīhi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Imesaṃ pana dasannaṃ akusalakammapathānaṃ dhammato, koṭṭhāsato, ārammaṇato, vedanāto, mūlatoti pañcahākārehi vinicchayo veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">dhammato</span>ti etesu hi satta paṭipāṭiyā cetanādhammāva honti, abhijjhādayo tayo cetanāsampayuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Koṭṭhāsato</span>ti paṭipāṭiyā satta, micchādiṭṭhi cāti ime aṭṭha kammapathā eva honti, no <a name="V1.0190"></a> mūlāni. Abhijjhābyāpādā kammapathā ceva mūlāni ca. Abhijjhā hi mūlaṃ patvā lobho akusalamūlaṃ hoti, byāpādo doso akusalamūlaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ārammaṇato</span>ti pāṇātipāto jīvitindriyārammaṇato saṅkhārārammaṇo. Adinnādānaṃ sattārammaṇaṃ vā saṅkhārārammaṇaṃ vā. Micchācāro phoṭṭhabbavasena saṅkhārārammaṇo, sattārammaṇotipi eke. Musāvādo sattārammaṇo vā saṅkhārārammaṇo vā. Tathā pisuṇā vācā. Pharusā vācā sattārammaṇāva samphappalāpo diṭṭhasutamutaviññātavasena sattārammaṇo vā saṅkhārārammaṇo vā. Tathā abhijjhā. Byāpādo sattārammaṇova. Micchādiṭṭhi tebhūmakadhammavasena saṅkhārārammaṇāva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vedanāto</span>ti pāṇātipāto dukkhavedano hoti. Kiñcāpi hi rājāno coraṃ disvā hasamānāpi ‘‘gacchatha bhaṇe, māretha na’’nti vadanti, sanniṭṭhāpakacetanā pana nesaṃ dukkhasampayuttāva hoti. Adinnādānaṃ tivedanaṃ. Tañhi parabhaṇḍaṃ disvā haṭṭhatuṭṭhassa gaṇhato sukhavedanaṃ hoti, bhītatasitassa gaṇhato dukkhavedanaṃ, tathā vipākanissandaphalāni paccavekkhantassa. Gahaṇakāle majjhattabhāve ṭhitassa <a name="P1.0224"></a> pana gaṇhato adukkhamasukhavedanaṃ hoti. Micchācāro sukhamajjhattavasena dvivedano, sanniṭṭhāpakacitte <a name="M1.0208"></a> pana majjhattavedano na hoti. Musāvādo adinnādāne vuttanayeneva tivedano, tathā pisuṇā vācā. Pharusā vācā dukkhavedanā. Samphappalāpo tivedano. Paresu hi sādhukāraṃ dentesu celādīni ukkhipantesu haṭṭhatuṭṭhassa sītāharaṇabhāratayuddhādīni kathanakāle so sukhavedano hoti, paṭhamaṃ dinnavetanena ekena pacchā āgantvā ‘‘ādito paṭṭhāya kathehī’’ti vutte ‘‘niravasesaṃ yathānusandhikaṃ pakiṇṇakakathaṃ kathessāmi nu kho, no’’ti domanassitassa kathanakāle dukkhavedano hoti, majjhattassa kathayato adukkhamasukhavedano hoti. Abhijjhā sukhamajjhattavasena dvivedanā, tathā micchādiṭṭhi. Byāpādo dukkhavedano.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mūlato</span>ti pāṇātipāto dosamohavasena dvimūlako hoti, adinnādānaṃ dosamohavasena vā lobhamohavasena vā, micchācāro lobhamohavasena, musāvādo dosamohavasena vā lobhamohavasena vā. Tathā pisuṇā vācā samphappalāpo ca. Pharusā vācā dosamohavasena, abhijjhā mohavasena ekamūlā, tathā byāpādo. Micchādiṭṭhi lobhamohavasena dvimūlāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Akusalakammapathakathā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pāṇātipātādīhi <a name="V1.0191"></a> pana viratiyo, anabhijjhāabyāpādasammādiṭṭhiyo cāti ime dasa kusalakammapathā nāma. Pāṇātipātādīhi etāya viramanti, sayaṃ vā viramati, viramaṇamattameva vā etanti <span class="bld">virati</span>. Yā pāṇātipātādīhi viramantassa kusalacittasampayuttā virati, sā pabhedato tividhā hoti sampattavirati samādānavirati samucchedaviratīti. Tattha asamādinnasikkhāpadānaṃ attano jātivayabāhusaccādīni paccavekkhitvā ‘‘ayuttaṃ amhākaṃ evarūpaṃ pāpaṃ kātu’’nti sampattavatthuṃ avītikkamantānaṃ uppajjamānā virati <span class="bld">sampattavirati</span> nāma. Samādinnasikkhāpadānaṃ pana sikkhāpadasamādāne ca tatuttari ca attano jīvitampi <a name="P1.0225"></a> pariccajitvā vatthuṃ avītikkamantānaṃ uppajjamānā virati <span class="bld">samādānavirati</span> nāma. Ariyamaggasampayuttā pana virati <span class="bld">samucchedavirati</span> nāma, yassā uppattito pabhuti ariyapuggalānaṃ ‘‘pāṇaṃ ghātessāmā’’tiādicittampi na uppajjatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni <a name="M1.0209"></a> akusalakammapathānaṃ viya imesaṃ kusalakammapathānaṃ dhammato, koṭṭhāsato, ārammaṇato, vedanāto, mūlatoti pañcahākārehi vinicchayo veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">dhammato</span>ti etesupi paṭipāṭiyā satta cetanāpi vaṭṭanti viratiyopi, ante tayo cetanāsampayuttāva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Koṭṭhāsato</span>ti paṭipāṭiyā satta kammapathā eva, no mūlāni, ante tayo kammapathā ceva mūlāni ca. Anabhijjhā hi mūlaṃ patvā alobho kusalamūlaṃ hoti, abyāpādo adoso kusalamūlaṃ, sammādiṭṭhi amoho kusalamūlaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ārammaṇato</span>ti pāṇātipātādīnaṃ ārammaṇāneva etesaṃ ārammaṇāni. Vītikkamitabbatoyeva hi veramaṇī nāma hoti. Yathā pana nibbānārammaṇo ariyamaggo kilese pajahati, evaṃ jīvitindriyādiārammaṇāpete kammapathā pāṇātipātādīni dussīlyāni pajahantīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vedanāto</span>ti sabbe sukhavedanā vā honti majjhattavedanā vā. Kusalaṃ patvā hi dukkhā vedanā nāma natthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mūlato</span>ti paṭipāṭiyā satta ñāṇasampayuttacittena viramantassa alobhaadosaamohavasena timūlā <a name="V1.0192"></a> honti. Ñāṇavippayuttacittena viramantassa alobhādosavasena dvimūlā. Anabhijjhā ñāṇasampayuttacittena viramantassa adosaamohavasena dvimūlā. Ñāṇavippayuttacittena viramantassa adosavasena ekamūlā. Alobho pana attanāva attano mūlaṃ na hoti. Abyāpādepi eseva nayo. Sammādiṭṭhi alobhādosavasena dvimūlāvāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Kusalakammapathakathā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="hangnum"><a name="para41"></a><span class="paranum">41</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"> Evaṃ dasakusalakammapathavasena sīlaṃ dassetvā idāni nekkhammādīnaṃ arahattamaggapariyosānānaṃ sattatiṃsadhammānaṃ vasena dassetuṃ <span class="bld">nekkhammena kāmacchandaṃ saṃvaraṭṭhena sīlaṃ, avītikkamaṭṭhena sīla</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha yasmā nekkhammena kāmacchandaṃ saṃvarati na vītikkamati, tasmā nekkhammaṃ sīlanti adhippāyo. Paccattatthe vā karaṇavacanaṃ, nekkhammanti attho. Esa <a name="P1.0226"></a> nayo <a name="M1.0210"></a> sesesu. Pāḷiyaṃ pana nekkhammaabyāpāde dassetvā heṭṭhā vuttanayattā sesaṃ saṅkhipitvā ante arahattamaggoyeva dassito.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ saṃvaraavītikkamavasena sīlaṃ dassetvā idāni tesaṃyeva dvinnaṃ pabhedadassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">pañca sīlāni pāṇātipātassa pahānaṃ sīla</span>ntiādimāha. Ettha ca pāṇātipātassa pahānaṃ sīlaṃ, pāṇātipātā veramaṇī sīlaṃ, pāṇātipātassa paṭipakkhacetanā sīlaṃ, pāṇātipātassa saṃvaro sīlaṃ, pāṇātipātassa avītikkamo sīlanti yojanā kātabbā. <span class="bld">Pahāna</span>nti ca koci dhammo nāma natthi aññatra vuttappakārānaṃ pāṇātipātādīnaṃ anuppādamattato. Yasmā pana taṃ taṃ pahānaṃ tassa tassa kusalassa dhammassa patiṭṭhānaṭṭhena upadhāraṇaṃ hoti, vippakiṇṇasabhāvākaraṇena ca samodhānaṃ, tasmā pubbe vutteneva upadhāraṇasamodhānasaṅkhātena sīlanaṭṭhena sīlanti vuttaṃ. Itare cattāro dhammā tato tato veramaṇivasena tassa tassa saṃvaravasena tadubhayasampayuttacetanāvasena taṃ taṃ avītikkamantassa avītikkamavasena ca cetaso pavattisabhāvaṃ sandhāya vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha vā pahānampi dhammato atthiyeva. Kathaṃ? Pahīyate anena pāṇātipātādipaṭipakkho, pajahati vā taṃ paṭipakkhanti pahānaṃ. Kiṃ taṃ? Sabbepi kusalā khandhā. Aññe pana ācariyā ‘‘nekkhammādīsupi ‘veramaṇī sīla’nti vacanamattaṃ gahetvā sabbakusalesupi niyatayevāpanakabhūtā virati nāma atthī’’ti vadanti, na tathā idhāti. Evamimehi pahānādīhi pañcahi padehi visesetvā pariyantāpariyantasīladvaye apariyantasīlameva <a name="V1.0193"></a> vuttaṃ. Tasmā eva hi <span class="bld">evarūpāni sīlāni cittassa avippaṭisārāya saṃvattanti…pe… sacchikātabbaṃ sacchikaronto sikkhatī</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">avippaṭisārāya saṃvattantī</span>ti ‘‘saṃvaro avippaṭisāratthāyā’’ti (pari. 366) ca ‘‘avippaṭisāratthāni kho, ānanda, kusalāni sīlāni avippaṭisārānisaṃsānī’’ti (a. ni. 10.1; 11.1) ca vacanato avippaṭisāratthāya saṃvattanti. ‘‘Avippaṭisāro pāmojjatthāyā’’ti (pari. 366) ca ‘‘yoniso manasikaroto pāmojjaṃ jāyatī’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.74) ca vacanato <span class="bld">pāmojjāya saṃvattanti</span>. ‘‘Pāmojjaṃ pītatthāyā’’ti <a name="P1.0227"></a> (pari. 366) ca ‘‘pamuditassa pīti jāyatī’’ti (a. ni. 5.26; saṃ. ni. 5.376; dī. ni. 3.322) ca vacanato <span class="bld">pītiyā</span> <a name="M1.0211"></a> <span class="bld">saṃvattanti</span>. ‘‘Pīti passaddhatthāyā’’ti (pari. 366) ca ‘‘pītimanassa kāyo passambhatī’’ti (a. ni. 5.26; saṃ. ni. 5.376; dī. ni. 3.322) ca vacanato <span class="bld">passaddhiyā saṃvattanti</span>. ‘‘Passaddhi sukhatthāyā’’ti (pari. 366) ca ‘‘passaddhakāyo sukhaṃ vedetī’’ti (a. ni. 5.26; saṃ. ni. 5.376; dī. ni. 3.322) ca vacanato <span class="bld">somanassāya saṃvattanti</span>. Cetasikaṃ sukhañhi somanassanti vuccati. <span class="bld">Āsevanāyā</span>ti bhusā sevanā āsevanā. Kassa āsevanā? Anantaraṃ somanassavacanena sukhassa vuttattā sukhaṃ siddhaṃ. ‘‘Sukhino cittaṃ samādhiyatī’’ti (a. ni. 5.26; saṃ. ni. 5.376; dī. ni. 3.322) ca vacanato tena sukhena samādhi siddho hoti. Evaṃ siddhassa samādhissa āsevanā. Tassa samādhissa <span class="bld">āsevanāya saṃvattanti,</span> paguṇabalavabhāvāya saṃvattantīti attho. <span class="bld">Bhāvanāyā</span>ti tasseva samādhissa vuddhiyā. <span class="bld">Bahulīkammāyā</span>ti tasseva samādhissa punappunaṃ kiriyāya. Avippaṭisārādipavattiyā mūlakāraṇaṃ hutvā samādhissa saddhindriyādialaṅkārasādhanena <span class="bld">alaṅkārāya saṃvattanti</span>. Avippaṭisārādikassa samādhisambhārassa sādhanena <span class="bld">parikkhārāya saṃvattanti</span>. ‘‘Ye ca kho ime pabbajitena jīvitaparikkhārā samudānetabbā’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.192) viya hi ettha sambhārattho parikkhārasaddo. ‘‘Ratho sīlaparikkhāro, jhānakkho cakkavīriyo’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 3.54) pana alaṅkārattho. ‘‘Sattahi nagaraparikkhārehi suparikkhataṃ hotī’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 7.67) parivārattho. Idha pana alaṅkāraparivārānaṃ visuṃ āgatattā sambhāratthoti vuttaṃ. Sambhārattho ca paccayatthoti. Mūlakāraṇabhāveneva samādhisampayuttaphassādidhammasampattisādhanena <span class="bld">parivārāya saṃvattanti</span>. Samādhissa vipassanāya ca padaṭṭhānabhāvapāpanena vasībhāvapāpanena ca paripuṇṇabhāvasādhanato <span class="bld">pāripūriyā saṃvattanti</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ <a name="V1.0194"></a> sīlūpanissayena sabbākāraparipūraṃ samādhiṃ dassetvā idāni ‘‘samāhite citte yathābhūtaṃ jānāti passati, yathābhūtaṃ jānaṃ passaṃ nibbindati, nibbindaṃ virajjati, virāgā vimuccatī’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.73; dī. ni. 3.359) vacanato sīlamūlakāni samādhipadaṭṭhānāni yathābhūtañāṇadassanādīni dassento <span class="bld">ekantanibbidāyā</span>tiādimāha. Nibbidāya hi dassitāya tassā padaṭṭhānabhūtaṃ <a name="P1.0228"></a> yathābhūtañāṇadassanaṃ <a name="M1.0212"></a> dassitameva hoti. Tasmiñhi asiddhe nibbidā na sijjhatīti. Tāni pana vuttatthāneva. Yathābhūtañāṇadassanaṃ panettha sappaccayanāmarūpapariggaho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ amatamahānibbānapariyosānaṃ sīlappayojanaṃ dassetvā idāni tassa sīlassa adhisīlasikkhābhāvaṃ tammūlakā ca adhicittaadhipaññāsikkhā dassetukāmo <span class="bld">evarūpānaṃ sīlānaṃ saṃvarapārisuddhi adhisīla</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha saṃvaroyeva pārisuddhi <span class="bld">saṃvarapārisuddhi</span>. Evarūpānaṃ apariyantabhūtānaṃ vivaṭṭanissitānaṃ sīlānaṃ saṃvarapārisuddhi vivaṭṭanissitattā sesasīlato adhikaṃ sīlanti <span class="bld">adhisīla</span>nti vuccati. <span class="bld">Saṃvarapārisuddhiyā ṭhitaṃ citta</span>nti edisāya sīlasaṃvarapārisuddhiyā patiṭṭhitaṃ cittaṃ suṭṭhu avippaṭisārādīnaṃ āvahanato na vikkhepaṃ gacchati, samādhismiṃ patiṭṭhātīti attho. Avikkhepoyeva pārisuddhi <span class="bld">avikkhepapārisuddhi</span>. So sabbamalavirahito nibbedhabhāgiyo samādhi sesasamādhito adhikattā <span class="bld">adhicitta</span>nti vuccati. Cittasīsena hettha samādhi niddiṭṭho. <span class="bld">Saṃvarapārisuddhiṃ sammā passatī</span>ti parisuddhaṃ sīlasaṃvaraṃ ñātapariññāvasena tīraṇapariññāvasena ca sammā passati, evameva avikkhepapārisuddhisaṅkhātaṃ parisuddhaṃ samādhiṃ sammā passati. Evaṃ passato cassa dassanasaṅkhātā pārisuddhi <span class="bld">dassanapārisuddhi</span>. Sāyeva sesapaññāya adhikattā <span class="bld">adhipaññā</span>ti vuccati. <span class="bld">Yo tatthā</span>ti yo tattha saṃvaraavikkhepadassanesu. <span class="bld">Saṃvaraṭṭho</span>ti saṃvarabhāvo. Evameva avikkhepaṭṭhadassanaṭṭhā ca veditabbā. Adhisīlameva sikkhā <span class="bld">adhisīlasikkhā</span>. Evaṃ itarāpi veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ tisso sikkhāyo dassetvā idāni tāsaṃ pāripūrikkamaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">imā tisso sikkhāyo āvajjanto sikkhatī</span>tiādimāha. Tassattho – paccekaṃ paripūretuṃ āvajjantopi sikkhati nāma, āvajjetvā ‘‘ayaṃ nāma sikkhā’’ti jānantopi sikkhati nāma, jānitvā punappunaṃ passantopi sikkhati nāma, passitvā yathādiṭṭhaṃ paccavekkhantopi sikkhati nāma, paccavekkhitvā tattheva cittaṃ acalaṃ katvā patiṭṭhapentopi sikkhati nāma, taṃtaṃsikkhāsampayuttasaddhāvīriyasatisamādhipaññāhi sakasakakiccaṃ karontopi sikkhati nāma, abhiññeyyābhijānanādikālepi taṃ taṃ kiccaṃ karonto tissopi sikkhāyo sikkhati nāmāti<a name="V1.0195"></a>. Puna <a name="P1.0229"></a> <span class="bld">pañca sīlānī</span>tiādīni vuttatthāneva. <span class="bld">Arahattamaggena sabbakilesāna</span>ntiādīsu pana <a name="M1.0213"></a> arahantānaṃ suṭṭhu vippaṭisārādiabhāvato āsevanādibhāvato ca tāni padāni yujjanteva. <span class="bld">Ekantanibbidāyā</span>tiādīni pana satipaṭṭhānasammappadhānāni viya maggakkhaṇeyeva yojetabbāni.</p>
<p class="hangnum"><a name="para42"></a><span class="paranum">42</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"> <span class="bld">Saṃvarapārisuddhiṃ sammā passati, avikkhepapārisuddhiṃ sammā passatī</span>ti idaṃ pana vacanadvayaṃ phalasamāpattatthāya vipassanāvasena yojetabbaṃ, dutiyavacanaṃ pana nirodhasamāpattatthāya vipassanāvasenāpi yujjati. <span class="bld">Āvajjanto sikkhatī</span>tiādīsu pañcasu vacanesu arahato sikkhitabbābhāvepi asekkhasīlakkhandhādisabhāvato ‘‘sikkhatī’’ti vuttanti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Saddhāya adhimuccanto sikkhatī</span>tiādīni pana maggakkhaṇaññeva sandhāya vuttāni. Aññānipi upacārappanāvipassanāmaggavasena vuttāni vacanāni yathāyogaṃ yojetabbānīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Sīlamayañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">3. Samādhibhāvanāmayañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para43"></a><span class="paranum">43</span>. Samādhibhāvanāmayañāṇaniddese <a name="P1.0230"></a> ādito tāva ekakato paṭṭhāya yāva dasakā samādhippabhedaṃ dassento <span class="bld">eko samādhī</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">cittassa ekaggatā</span>ti nānārammaṇavikkhepābhāvato ekaṃ ārammaṇaṃ aggaṃ uttamaṃ assāti ekaggo, ekaggassa bhāvo ekaggatā. Sā pana ekaggatā cittassa, na sattassāti dassanatthaṃ ‘‘cittassā’’ti vuttaṃ. Duke <span class="bld">lokiyo</span>ti loko vuccati lujjanapalujjanaṭṭhena vaṭṭaṃ, tasmiṃ pariyāpannabhāvena loke niyuttoti lokiyo. <span class="bld">Lokuttaro</span>ti uttiṇṇoti uttaro, loke apariyāpannabhāvena lokato uttaroti lokuttaro. Tike savitakko ca so savicāro cāti <span class="bld">savitakkasavicāro</span>. Evaṃ <span class="bld">avitakkaavicāro</span>. Vitakkavicāresu vicārova mattā pamāṇaṃ etassāti vicāramatto, vicārato utthari vitakkena saddhiṃ sampayogaṃ na gacchatīti attho. Avitakko ca so vicāramatto cāti <span class="bld">avitakkavicāramatto</span>. Tīsupi vicchedaṃ katvāpi paṭhanti. Catukkapañcakā vuttatthā<a name="M1.0214"></a>. Chakke punappunaṃ uppajjanato satiyeva anussati, pavattitabbaṭṭhānamhiyeva vā pavattattā saddhāpabbajitassa kulaputtassa anurūpā satītipi anussati, buddhaṃ ārabbha uppannā anussati ba<span class="bld">uddhānussati</span>. Arahatādibuddhaguṇārammaṇāya satiyā etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Tassā buddhānussatiyā <a name="V1.0196"></a> vasena cittassa ekaggatāyeva uddhaccasaṅkhātassa vikkhepassa paṭipakkhabhāvato na vikkhepoti <span class="bld">avikkhepo</span>. Dhammaṃ ārabbha uppannā anussati <span class="bld">dhammānussati</span>. Svākkhātatādidhammaguṇārammaṇāya satiyā etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Saṅghaṃ ārabbha uppannā anussati <span class="bld">saṅghānussati</span>. Suppaṭipannatādisaṅghaguṇārammaṇāya satiyā etaṃ adhivacanaṃ<a name="P1.0231"></a>. Sīlaṃ ārabbha uppannā anussati <span class="bld">sīlānussati</span>. Attano akhaṇḍatādisīlaguṇārammaṇāya satiyā etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Cāgaṃ ārabbha uppannā anussati <span class="bld">cāgānussati</span>. Attano muttacāgatādicāgaguṇārammaṇāya satiyā etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Devatā ārabbha uppannā anussati <span class="bld">devatānussati</span>. Devatā sakkhiṭṭhāne ṭhapetvā attano saddhādiguṇārammaṇāya satiyā etaṃ adhivacanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sattake <span class="bld">samādhikusalatā</span>ti ekavidhādibhedena anekabhede samādhimhi ‘‘ayamevaṃvidho samādhi, ayamevaṃvidho samādhī’’ti chekabhāvo. Samādhiparicchedakapaññāyetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Samādhiuppādanavidhānepi chekabhāvo samādhikusalatā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samādhissa samāpattikusalatā</span>ti uppāditassa samādhissa samāpajjane chekabhāvo. Etena samāpajjanavasitā vuttā hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samādhissa ṭhitikusalatā</span>ti samāpannassa samādhissa santativasena yathāruci ṭhapane chekabhāvo. Etena adhiṭṭhānavasitā vuttā hoti. Atha vā nimittaggahaṇena cassa puna te ākāre sampādayato appanāmattameva ijjhati, na ciraṭṭhānaṃ. Ciraṭṭhānaṃ pana samādhiparipanthānaṃ dhammānaṃ suvisodhitattā hoti. Yo hi bhikkhu kāmādīnavapaccavekkhaṇādīhi kāmacchandaṃ na suṭṭhu vikkhambhetvā, kāyapassaddhivasena kāyaduṭṭhullaṃ na suppaṭippassaddhaṃ katvā, ārambhadhātumanasikārādivasena thinamiddhaṃ na suṭṭhu paṭivinodetvā, samathanimittamanasikārādivasena uddhaccakukkuccaṃ na suṭṭhu samūhataṃ katvā, aññepi samādhiparipanthe dhamme na suṭṭhu visodhetvā jhānaṃ samāpajjati, so avisodhitaṃ āsayaṃ paviṭṭhabhamaro viya, asuddhaṃ uyyānaṃ paviṭṭharājā viya ca khippameva nikkhamati. Yo pana samādhiparipanthe <a name="M1.0215"></a> dhamme suṭṭhu visodhetvā jhānaṃ samāpajjati, so suvisodhitaṃ āsayaṃ paviṭṭhabhamaro viya, suparisuddhaṃ uyyānaṃ paviṭṭharājā viya ca sakalampi divasabhāgaṃ antosamāpattiyaṃyeva hoti. Tenāhu porāṇā –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Kāmesu chandaṃ paṭighaṃ vinodaye, uddhaccathīnaṃ vicikicchapañcamaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Vivekapāmojjakarena cetasā, rājāva suddhantagato tahiṃ rame’’ti <a name="P1.0232"></a>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tasmā <a name="V1.0197"></a> ‘‘ciraṭṭhitikāmena pāripanthikadhamme sodhetvā jhānaṃ samāpajjitabba’’nti vuttattā taṃ vidhiṃ sampādetvā samādhissa ciraṭṭhitikaraṇe chekabhāvoti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samādhissa vuṭṭhānakusalatā</span>ti santativasena yathāruci pavattassa samādhissa yathāparicchinnakāleyeva vuṭṭhānena samādhissa vuṭṭhāne chekabhāvo. ‘‘Yassa hi dhammaṃ puriso vijaññā’’tiādīsu (jā. 1.10.152) viya nissakkatthe vā sāmivacanaṃ katanti veditabbanti. Etena vuṭṭhānavasitā vuttā hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samādhissa kallatākusalatā</span>ti agilānabhāvo arogabhāvo kallatā. Gilāno hi akallakoti vuccati. Vinayepi vuttaṃ ‘‘nāhaṃ, bhante, akallako’’ti (pārā. 151). Anaṅgaṇasuttavatthasuttesu (ma. ni. 1.57 ādayo, 70 ādayo) vuttānaṃ jhānapaṭilābhapaccanīkānaṃ pāpakānaṃ icchāvacarānaṃ abhāvena ca abhijjhādīnaṃ cittassa upakkilesānaṃ vigamena ca samādhissa agilānabhāvakaraṇe chekabhāvo samādhissa kallatākusalatā, kilesagelaññarahitabhāve kusalatāti vuttaṃ hoti. Atha vā <span class="bld">kallatā</span>ti kammaññatā kammaññatāpariyāyattā kallavacanassa. ‘‘Yā cittassa akallatā akammaññatā’’ti (dha. sa. 1162) hi vuttaṃ ‘‘kallacittaṃ muducittaṃ vinīvaraṇacitta’’nti (dī. ni. 1.298; ma. ni. 2.395; mahāva. 26) ca. Ettha kallasaddo kammaññattho. Tasmā kasiṇānulomato kasiṇapaṭilomato kasiṇānulomapaṭilomato jhānānulomato jhānapaṭilomato <a name="M1.0216"></a> jhānānulomapaṭilomato jhānukkantikato kasiṇukkantikato jhānakasiṇukkantikato aṅgasaṅkantito ārammaṇasaṅkantito aṅgārammaṇasaṅkantito aṅgavavatthānato ārammaṇavavatthānatoti imehi cuddasahi ākārehi, aṅgārammaṇavavatthānatoti iminā saha pañcadasahi vā ākārehi cittaparidamanena samādhissa kammaññabhāvakaraṇe kusalabhāvoti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samādhissa gocarakusalatā</span>ti samādhissa gocaresu kasiṇādīsu ārammaṇesu taṃ taṃ jhānaṃ samāpajjitukāmatāya yathāruci āvajjanakaraṇavasena tesu ārammaṇesu chekabhāvo. Etena kasiṇāvajjanavasena āvajjanavasitā vuttā hoti. Atha vā tasmiṃ tasmiṃ disābhāge kasiṇapharaṇavasena evaṃ <a name="P1.0233"></a> phuṭṭhassa kasiṇassa ciraṭṭhānavasena ca samādhissa gocaresu chekabhāvo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samādhissa abhinīhārakusalatā</span>ti ekattanayena heṭṭhāheṭṭhāsamādhiṃ uparūparisamādhibhāvūpanayanena <a name="V1.0198"></a> abhinīharaṇe abhininnāmane chekabhāvo. Upacārajjhānañhi vasippattaṃ paṭhamajjhānatthāya vipassanatthāya vā abhinīharati, evaṃ paṭhamajjhānādīni dutiyajjhānādiatthāya vipassanatthāya vā, catutthajjhānaṃ arūpasamāpattatthāya abhiññatthāya vipassanatthāya vā, ākāsānañcāyatanādayo viññāṇañcāyatanādiatthāya vipassanatthāya vā abhinīharatīti evaṃ samādhissa tattha tattha abhinīhārakusalatā. Yasmā pana kusalatā nāma paññā, sā samādhi na hoti, tasmā samādhipariṇāyakapaññāvasena sattavidho samādhi vuttoti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Keci pana ācariyā ‘‘samādhikusalatāti yena manasikārena cittaṃ na vikkhipati, tattha kusalatā. Samāpattikusalatāti yena manasikārena samāpajjantassa jhānaṅgāni pātubhavanti, tattha kusalatā. Ṭhitikusalatāti yena manasikārena appito samādhi na vikkhipati, tattha kusalatā. Vuṭṭhānakusalatāti nīvaraṇavuṭṭhānaṃ jānāti paṭhamajjhāne, aṅgavuṭṭhānaṃ jānāti tīsu jhānesu, ārammaṇavuṭṭhānaṃ jānāti arūpasamāpattīsu, vikkhepavuṭṭhānaṃ jānāti visayādhimattesu, sacchandavuṭṭhānaṃ jānāti pariyantakāle ca avasānakaraṇīyakāle ca. Kallatākusalatāti cittaphāsutāya <a name="M1.0217"></a> sarīraphāsutāya āhāraphāsutāya senāsanaphāsutāya puggalaphāsutāya ca samādhissa kallatā hotīti jānāti. Gocarakusalatāti ārammaṇassa paricchedaṃ kātuṃ jānāti, disāpharaṇaṃ kātuṃ jānāti, vaḍḍhetuṃ jānāti. Abhinīhārakusalatāti tattha tattha sammā manasikārena cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti, upacāre vasippatte paṭhamajjhāne abhinīharati, evaṃ uparūparijhānesu abhiññāsu arūpasamāpattīsu vipassanāsu ca abhinīharati. Evaṃ tattha tattha abhinīhārakusalatā’’ti evametesaṃ padānaṃ atthaṃ vaṇṇayanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aṭṭhakaṃ vuttatthameva. Navake <span class="bld">rūpāvacaro</span>ti ‘‘katame dhammā rūpāvacarā? Heṭṭhato <a name="P1.0234"></a> brahmapārisajjaṃ pariyantaṃ karitvā uparito akaniṭṭhe deve antokaritvā’’tiādinā (dha. sa. 1289) nayena vuttesu rūpāvacaradhammesu pariyāpanno. Tatrāyaṃ vacanattho – rūpakkhandhasaṅkhātaṃ rūpaṃ ettha avacarati, na kāmoti rūpāvacaro. Rūpakkhandhopi hi rūpanti vuccati ‘‘rūpakkhandho rūpa’’ntiādīsu (yama. 1.khandhayamaka.2) viya. So pana brahmapārisajjabrahmapurohitamahābrahmānaṃ parittābhaappamāṇābhaābhassarānaṃ parittasubhaappamāṇasubhasubhakiṇhānaṃ asaññasattavehapphalānaṃ avihātappasudassasudassīakaniṭṭhānañca vasena soḷasavidho padeso. So rūpāvacarasaṅkhāto padeso uttarapadalopaṃ katvā ‘‘rūpa’’nti vuccati, tasmiṃ rūpe avacaratīti rūpāvacaro. Rūpabhavo vā rūpaṃ, tasmiṃ avacaratīti rūpāvacaraṃ. Kiñcāpi hi eso samādhi kāmabhavepi avacarati, yathā pana saṅgāme avacaraṇato saṅgāmāvacaroti laddhanāmo nāgo nagare carantopi <a name="V1.0199"></a> saṅgāmāvacaroti vuccati, thalacarā jalacarā ca pāṇino athale ajale ca ṭhitāpi thalacarā jalacarāti vuccanti, evamayaṃ aññattha avacarantopi rūpāvacaroti vutto. Apica rūpabhavasaṅkhāte rūpe paṭisandhiṃ avacāretītipi rūpāvacaro. <span class="bld">Hīno</span>ti lāmako. Hīnuttamānaṃ majjhe bhavo <span class="bld">majjho</span>. Majjhimotipi pāṭho, soyevattho. Padhānabhāvaṃ nīto <span class="bld">paṇīto,</span> uttamoti attho. Ete pana āyūhanavasena veditabbā. Yassa hi āyūhanakkhaṇe chando vā hīno hoti vīriyaṃ vā cittaṃ vā vīmaṃsā vā, so hīno nāma. Yassa te dhammā majjhimā, so majjhimo. Yassa <a name="M1.0218"></a> paṇītā, so paṇīto. Uppāditamatto vā hīno, nātisubhāvito majjhimo, atisubhāvito vasippatto paṇīto. <span class="bld">Arūpāvacaro</span> rūpāvacare vuttanayānusārena veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Suññato samādhī</span>tiādīsu ‘‘sabbe saṅkhārā aniccā dukkhā anattā’’ti vipassanāpaṭipāṭiyā vipassantassa anattānupassanāya maggavuṭṭhāne jāte yasmā sā vipassanā attavirahitesu saṅkhāresu suññato pavattā, tasmā suññatā nāma hoti. Tāya siddho ariyamaggasamādhi <span class="bld">suññato samādhi</span> nāma hoti, suññatavasena pavattasamādhīti attho. Vipassanāya pavattākārena hi so pavattati. Aniccānupassanāya maggavuṭṭhāne jāte yasmā sā vipassanā niccanimittapaṭipakkhavasena <a name="P1.0235"></a> pavattā, tasmā animittā nāma hoti. Tāya siddho ariyamaggasamādhi <span class="bld">animitto samādhi</span> nāma hoti, niccanimittavirahito samādhīti attho. Vipassanāya pavattākārena hi so pavattati. Dukkhānupassanāya maggavuṭṭhāne jāte yasmā sā vipassanā paṇidhipaṭipakkhavasena pavattā, tasmā appaṇihitā nāma hoti. Tāya siddho ariyamaggasamādhi <span class="bld">appaṇihito samādhi</span> nāma hoti, paṇidhivirahito samādhīti attho. Vipassanāya pavattākārena hi so pavattati. Tādisā eva tayo phalasamādhayopi etehiyeva tīhi samādhīhi gahitā hontīti veditabbā. Lokuttarasamādhīnaṃ pana paṇītattā hīnādibhedo na uddhaṭo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dasake <span class="bld">uddhumātakasaññāvasenā</span>tiādīsu bhastā viya vāyunā uddhaṃ jīvitapariyādānā yathānukkamaṃ samuggatena sūnabhāvena uddhumātattā uddhumātaṃ, uddhumātameva <span class="bld">uddhumātakaṃ,</span> paṭikūlattā vā kucchitaṃ uddhumātanti uddhumātakaṃ. Tathārūpassa chavasarīrassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Vinīlaṃ vuccati viparibhinnavaṇṇaṃ, vinīlameva <span class="bld">vinīlakaṃ,</span> paṭikūlattā vā kucchitaṃ vinīlanti vinīlakaṃ. Maṃsussadaṭṭhānesu rattavaṇṇassa, pubbasannicayaṭṭhānesu setavaṇṇassa, yebhuyyena ca nīlavaṇṇassa nīlaṭṭhāne nīlasāṭakapārutasseva chavasarīrassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Paribhinnaṭṭhānesu vissandamānapubbaṃ <a name="V1.0200"></a> vipubbaṃ, vipubbameva <span class="bld">vipubbakaṃ,</span> paṭikūlattā vā kucchitaṃ vipubbanti vipubbakaṃ. Tathārūpassa chavasarīrassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Vicchiddaṃ vuccati dvidhā chindanena apadhāritaṃ, vicchiddameva <span class="bld">vicchiddakaṃ,</span> paṭikūlattā vā kucchitaṃ vicchiddanti <a name="M1.0219"></a> vicchiddakaṃ. Vemajjhe chinnassa chavasarīrassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Ito ca etto ca vividhākārena soṇasiṅgālādīhi khāyitanti vikkhāyitaṃ, vikhāyitanti vattabbe vikkhāyitanti vuttaṃ. Vikkhāyitameva <span class="bld">vikkhāyitakaṃ,</span> paṭikūlattā vā kucchitaṃ vikkhāyitanti vikkhāyitakaṃ. Tathārūpassa chavasarīrassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Vividhaṃ khittaṃ vikkhittaṃ, vikkhittameva <span class="bld">vikkhittakaṃ,</span> paṭikūlattā vā kucchitaṃ vikkhittanti vikkhittakaṃ. Aññena hatthaṃ aññena pādaṃ aññena sīsanti evaṃ tato tato khittassa chavasarīrassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Hatañca taṃ purimanayeneva <a name="P1.0236"></a> vikkhittakañcāti <span class="bld">hatavikkhittakaṃ</span>. Kākapadākārena aṅgapaccaṅgesu satthena hanitvā vuttanayena vikkhittassa chavasarīrassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Lohitaṃ kirati vikkhipati ito cito ca paggharatīti <span class="bld">lohitakaṃ</span>. Paggharitalohitamakkhitassa chavasarīrassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Puḷavā vuccanti kimayo, puḷave kiratīti <span class="bld">puḷavakaṃ</span>. Kimiparipuṇṇassa chavasarīrassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Aṭṭhiyeva <span class="bld">aṭṭhikaṃ,</span> paṭikūlattā vā kucchitaṃ aṭṭhīti aṭṭhikaṃ. Aṭṭhisaṅkhalikāyapi ekaṭṭhikassapi etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Imāni ca pana uddhumātakādīni nissāya uppannanimittānampi nimittesu paṭiladdhajjhānānampi etāneva nāmāni. Idha pana uddhumātakanimitte paṭikūlākāragāhikā appanāvasena uppannā saññā uddhumātakasaññā, tassā uddhumātakasaññāya vasena <span class="bld">uddhumātakasaññāvasena</span>. Sesesupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Pañcapaññāsa samādhī</span>ti ekakādivasena vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para44"></a><span class="paranum">44</span>. Evaṃ ekakādivasena samādhippabhedaṃ dassetvā idāni aññenapi pariyāyena samādhiṃ dassetukāmo <span class="bld">apicā</span>ti aññaṃ pariyāyārambhaṃ dassetvā <span class="bld">pañcavīsatī</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">samādhissa samādhiṭṭhā</span>ti samādhissa samādhibhāve sabhāvā, yehi sabhāvehi so samādhi hoti, te tasmiṃ atthā nāma. <span class="bld">Pariggahaṭṭhena samādhī</span>ti saddhādīhi indriyehi pariggahitattā tasmā pariggahitasabhāvena samādhi. Tāneva ca indriyāni aññamaññaparivārāni honti, bhāvanāpāripūriyā paripuṇṇāni ca honti. Tasmā <span class="bld">parivāraṭṭhena paripūraṭṭhena samādhi</span>. Tesaṃyeva samādhivasena ekārammaṇamapekkhitvā <span class="bld">ekaggaṭṭhena,</span> nānārammaṇavikkhepābhāvamapekkhitvā <span class="bld">avikkhepaṭṭhena,</span> lokuttarasseva mahatā vīriyabalapaggahena <a name="M1.0220"></a> pattabbattā lokuttaramaggasseva ca parihānivasena visārābhāvato heṭṭhā gahitapaggahaṭṭhaavisāraṭṭhā idha na gahitāti veditabbā. Kilesakālussiyassābhāvena <span class="bld">anāvilaṭṭhena samādhi</span>. Avikampattā <span class="bld">aniñjanaṭṭhena samādhi</span>. Vikkhambhanavasena samucchedavasena vā kilesehi vimuttattā ārammaṇe ca adhimuttattā <span class="bld">vimuttaṭṭhena samādhi</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekattupaṭṭhānavasena</span> <a name="V1.0201"></a> <span class="bld">cittassa ṭhitattā</span>ti samādhiyogeneva ekārammaṇe bhusaṃ patiṭṭhānavasena cittassa ārammaṇe niccalabhāvena patiṭṭhitattā. Aṭṭhasu <a name="P1.0237"></a> yugalesu esati nesati, ādiyati nādiyati, paṭipajjati na paṭipajjatīti imāni tīṇi yugalāni appanāvīthito pubbabhāge upacārassa mudumajjhādhimattatāvasena vuttānīti veditabbāni, jhāyati jhāpetīti idaṃ appanāvīthiyaṃ upacāravasena veditabbaṃ. Esitattā nesitattā, ādinnattā anādinnattā, paṭipannattā nappaṭipannattā, jhātattā na jhāpitattāti imāni cattāri yugalāni appanāvasena vuttānīti veditabbāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">samaṃ esatīti samādhī</span>tiādīsu <span class="bld">sama</span>nti appanaṃ. Sā hi paccanīkadhamme sameti nāsetīti samā, paccanīkavisamābhāvato vā samabhūtāti samā. Taṃ samaṃ esati ajjhāsayavasena gavesati. <span class="bld">Iti</span>saddo kāraṇattho, yasmā samaṃ esati, tasmā samādhīti attho. <span class="bld">Visamaṃ nesatī</span>ti taṃ taṃ jhānapaccanīkasaṅkhātaṃ visamaṃ na esati. Mudubhūto hi pubbabhāgasamādhi ādibhūtattā <span class="bld">samaṃ esati, visamaṃ nesati</span> nāma. Majjhimabhūto thirabhūtattā <span class="bld">samaṃ ādiyati, visamaṃ nādiyati</span> nāma. Adhimattabhūto appanāvīthiyā āsannabhūtattā <span class="bld">samaṃ paṭipajjati, visamaṃ nappaṭipajjati</span> nāma. <span class="bld">Samaṃ jhāyatī</span>ti bhāvanapuṃsakavacanaṃ, samaṃ hutvā jhāyati, samena vā ākārena jhāyatīti attho. Appanāvīthiyañhi samādhi paccanīkadhammavigamena santattā, santāya appanāya anukūlabhāvena ca ṭhitattā samenākārena pavattati. <span class="bld">Jhāyatī</span>ti ca pajjalatīti attho ‘‘ete maṇḍalamāḷe dīpā jhāyanti (dī. ni. 1.159) sabbarattiṃ, sabbarattiyo ca telappadīpo jhāyati, telappadīpo cettha jhāyeyyā’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 4.255-256) viya. Samaṃ jāyatītipi pāṭho<a name="M1.0221"></a>, samenākārena uppajjatīti attho. Jhāyati jhāpetīti yugalattā pana purimapāṭhova sundarataro. <span class="bld">Jhāpetī</span>ti ca dahatīti attho. So hi samādhipaccanīkadhamme dūratarakaraṇena dahati nāma. Esanānesanādīnaṃ pana appanāya siddhattā ‘‘esitattā nesitattā’’tiādīhi appanāsamādhi vutto. <span class="bld">Samaṃ jhātattā</span>ti samaṃ jalitattā. Samaṃ jātattātipi pāṭho. Iti imesaṃ aṭṭhannaṃ yugalānaṃ vasena soḷasa, purimā ca navāti ime pañcavīsati samādhissa samādhiṭṭhā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samo</span> <a name="P1.0238"></a> <span class="bld">ca hito ca sukho cāti samādhī</span>ti idaṃ pana pañcavīsatiyā ākārehi sādhitassa samādhissa atthasādhanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">samo</span>ti samasaddassa, saṃsaddassa vā attho. So hi paccanīkakkhobhavisamavirahitattā samo. <span class="bld">Hito</span>ti ādhisaddassa attho, ārammaṇe āhito niccalabhāvakaraṇena patiṭṭhāpitoti adhippāyo. Ubhayena samo ca āhito cāti samādhīti <a name="V1.0202"></a> vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Sukho</span>ti santaṭṭhena sukho. ‘‘Yāyaṃ, bhante, adukkhamasukhā vedanā, santasmiṃ esā paṇīte sukhe vuttā bhagavatā’’ti (ma. ni. 2.88) ca ‘‘upekkhā pana santattā, sukhamicceva bhāsitā’’ti ca vuttattā tena santatthena sukhasaddena upekkhāsahagatasamādhipi gahito hoti. Aniyāmena hi sabbasamādhayo idha vuccanti. Tena ca sukhasaddena āhitabhāvassa kāraṇaṃ vuttaṃ hoti. Yasmā santo, tasmā ekārammaṇe āhitoti adhippāyo veditabboti.</p>
<p class="centered">Samādhibhāvanāmayañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">4. Dhammaṭṭhitiñāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para45"></a><span class="paranum">45</span>. Dhammaṭṭhitiñāṇaniddese <a name="P1.0239"></a> <span class="bld">avijjāsaṅkhārānaṃ uppādaṭṭhitī</span>tiādīsu tiṭṭhanti etāya saṅkhārāti ṭhiti. Kā sā? Avijjā. Sā hi saṅkhārānaṃ uppādāya nibbattiyā ṭhiti kāraṇanti <span class="bld">uppādaṭṭhiti</span>. Uppannānaṃ pavattiyāpi kāraṇanti <span class="bld">pavattaṭṭhiti</span>. Kiñcāpi hi janakapaccayassa jananakkhaṇeyeva kiccānubhāvo hoti, tena pana janitānaṃyeva pavattattā sakakkhaṇe pavattiyāpi kāraṇaṃ nāma hoti, santativasena vā pavattiyā kāraṇanti attho<a name="M1.0222"></a>. <span class="bld">Pavatta</span>nti ca napuṃsake bhāvavacanametaṃ, tasmā pavattaṃ pavattīti atthato ekaṃ. Pavattisaddassa pana pākaṭattā tena yojetvā attho vutto. Bhāvepi ṭhitisaddassa sijjhanato na idha bhāve ṭhitisaddo, kāraṇe ṭhitisaddoti dassanattaṃ <span class="bld">nimittaṭṭhitī</span>ti vuttaṃ, nimittabhūtā ṭhitīti attho, kāraṇabhūtāti vuttaṃ hoti. Na kevalaṃ nimittamattaṃ hoti, atha kho saṅkhārajanane sabyāpārā viya hutvā āyūhati vāyamatīti paccayasamatthataṃ dassento <span class="bld">āyūhanaṭṭhitī</span>ti āha, āyūhanabhūtā ṭhitīti attho. Yasmā avijjā saṅkhāre uppādayamānā uppāde saṃyojeti nāma, ghaṭetīti attho. Saṅkhāre pavattayamānā pavattiyaṃ palibundhati nāma, bandhatīti attho. Tasmā <span class="bld">saññogaṭṭhiti palibodhaṭṭhitī</span>ti vuttā. Saññogabhūtā ṭhiti, palibodhabhūtā ṭhitīti attho. Yasmā avijjāva saṅkhāre uppādayamānā uppādāya pavattiyā ca mūlakāraṇaṭṭhena samudayo nāma, samudayabhūtā ṭhitīti <span class="bld">samudayaṭṭhiti,</span> mūlakāraṇabhūtā ṭhitīti attho. Avijjāva saṅkhārānaṃ uppāde janakapaccayattā, pavattiyaṃ upatthambhakapaccayattā <span class="bld">hetuṭṭhiti paccayaṭṭhitī</span>ti vuttā, hetubhūtā ṭhiti, paccayabhūtā ṭhitīti attho. Janakapaccayo hi <a name="P1.0240"></a> hetūti, upatthambhako paccayoti vuccati. Evaṃ sesesupi yojetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhavo</span> <a name="V1.0203"></a> <span class="bld">jātiyā, jāti jarāmaraṇassā</span>ti ettha pana uppādaṭṭhiti saññogaṭṭhiti hetuṭṭhitīti uppādavasena yojitāni padāni jātijarāmaraṇavantānaṃ khandhānaṃ vasena pariyāyena vuttānīti veditabbāni. Keci pana ‘‘uppādāya ṭhiti uppādaṭṭhitī’’ti evamādinā nayenettha atthaṃ vaṇṇayanti. <span class="bld">Avijjā paccayo</span>ti avijjāya saṅkhārānaṃ paccayabhāvaṃ apekkhitvā vuttaṃ. Avijjāyapi paccayasambhūtattā tassā api paccayapariggahaṇadassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">ubhopete dhammā paccayasamuppannāti paccayapariggahe paññā</span>ti vuttaṃ. Evaṃ sesesupi yojetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Jāti paccayo, jarāmaraṇaṃ paccayasamuppanna</span>nti pana pariyāyena vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Atītampi addhāna</span>nti atikkantampi kālaṃ. <span class="bld">Anāgatampi addhāna</span>nti appattampi kālaṃ. Ubhayatthāpi accantasaṃyogatthe upayogavacanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para46"></a><span class="paranum">46</span>. Idāni navākāravārānantaraṃ te navākāre vihāya hetupaṭiccapaccayapadeheva yojetvā <span class="bld">avijjā hetu, saṅkhārā hetusamuppannā</span>tiādayo <a name="M1.0223"></a> tayo vārā niddiṭṭhā. Navākāravāre janakaupatthambhakavasena paccayo vutto. Idha pana hetuvārassa paccayavārassa ca visuṃ āgatattā <span class="bld">hetū</span>ti janakapaccayattaṃ, <span class="bld">paccayo</span>ti upatthambhakapaccayattaṃ veditabbaṃ ekekassāpi avijjādikassa paccayassa ubhayathā sambhavato. Paṭiccavāre <span class="bld">avijjā paṭiccā</span>ti attano uppāde saṅkhārānaṃ avijjāpekkhattā saṅkhārehi avijjā paṭimukhaṃ etabbā gantabbāti paṭiccā. Etena avijjāya saṅkhāruppādanasamatthatā vuttā hoti. <span class="bld">Saṅkhārā paṭiccasamuppannā</span>ti saṅkhārā avijjaṃ paṭicca tadabhimukhaṃ pavattanato paṭimukhaṃ katvā na vihāya samaṃ uppannā. Evaṃ sesesupi liṅgānurūpena yojetabbaṃ. Avijjā paṭiccāti ussukkavasena vā pāṭho, attho panettha avijjā attano paccaye paṭicca pavattāti pāṭhasesavasena yojetabbo. Evaṃ sesesupi. Catūsupi ca etesu vāresu dvādasannaṃ paṭiccasamuppādaṅgānaṃ paccayasseva vasena dhammaṭṭhitiñāṇassa niddisitabbattā avijjādīnaṃ ekādasannaṃyeva aṅgānaṃ vasena dhammaṭṭhitiñāṇaṃ niddiṭṭhaṃ, jarāmaraṇassa pana ante <a name="P1.0241"></a> ṭhitattā tassa vasena na niddiṭṭhaṃ. Jarāmaraṇassāpi sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsānaṃ paccayattā jarāmaraṇaṃ tesaṃ paccayaṃ katvā upaparikkhamānassa tassāpi jarāmaraṇassa vasena dhammaṭṭhitiñāṇaṃ yujjateva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para47"></a><span class="paranum">47</span>. Idāni tāneva dvādasa paṭiccasamuppādaṅgāni vīsatiākāravasena vibhajitvā catusaṅkhepatiyaddhatisandhiyo dassetvā dhammaṭṭhitiñāṇaṃ niddisitukāmo <span class="bld">purimakammabhavasmi</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">purimakammabhavasmi</span>nti purime kammabhave, atītajātiyaṃ kammabhave kariyamāneti attho. <span class="bld">Moho avijjā</span>ti yo tadā dukkhādīsu moho, yena mūḷho kammaṃ karoti, sā avijjā. <span class="bld">Āyūhanā saṅkhārā</span>ti taṃ kammaṃ karontassa purimacetanāyo, yathā ‘‘dānaṃ dassāmī’’ti cittaṃ <a name="V1.0204"></a> uppādetvā māsampi saṃvaccharampi dānūpakaraṇāni sajjentassa uppannā purimacetanāyo. Paṭiggāhakānaṃ pana hatthe dakkhiṇaṃ patiṭṭhāpayato cetanā bhavoti vuccati. Ekāvajjanesu vā chasu javanesu cetanā āyūhanā saṅkhārā nāma, sattamajavane cetanā bhavo. Yā kāci vā pana cetanā bhavo, taṃsampayuttā āyūhanā saṅkhārā nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nikanti taṇhā</span>ti yā kammaṃ karontassa tassa phale upapattibhave nikāmanā patthanā, sā taṇhā nāma. <span class="bld">Upagamanaṃ upādāna</span>nti yaṃ kammabhavassa paccayabhūtaṃ ‘‘imasmiṃ nāma kamme kate kāmā <a name="M1.0224"></a> sampajjantī’’ti vā ‘‘idaṃ katvā asukasmiṃ nāma ṭhāne kāme sevissāmī’’ti vā ‘‘attā ucchinno suucchinno hotī’’ti vā ‘‘sukhī hotiṃ vigatapariḷāho’’ti vā ‘‘sīlabbataṃ sukhena paripūratī’’ti vā pavattaṃ upagamanaṃ daḷhagahaṇaṃ, idaṃ upādānaṃ nāma. <span class="bld">Cetanā bhavo</span>ti āyūhanāvasāne vuttā cetanā bhavo nāma. <span class="bld">Purimakammabhavasmi</span>nti atītajātiyā kammabhave kariyamāne pavattā. <span class="bld">Idha paṭisandhiyā paccayā</span>ti paccuppannapaṭisandhiyā paccayabhūtā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Idha paṭisandhi viññāṇa</span>nti yaṃ paccuppannabhavassa bhavantarapaṭisandhānavasena uppannattā paṭisandhīti vuccati, taṃ viññāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Okkanti nāmarūpa</span>nti yā gabbhe rūpārūpadhammānaṃ okkanti āgantvā pavisanaṃ viya, idaṃ nāmarūpaṃ. <span class="bld">Pasādo āyatana</span>nti yo pasannabhāvo, idaṃ āyatanaṃ. Jātiggahaṇena <a name="P1.0242"></a> ekavacanaṃ kataṃ. Etena cakkhādīni pañcāyatanāni vuttāni. ‘‘Pabhassaramidaṃ, bhikkhave, cittaṃ, tañca kho āgantukehi upakkilesehi upakkiliṭṭha’’nti (a. ni. 1.49) ettha bhavaṅgacittaṃ adhippetanti vacanato idhāpi manāyatanassa vipākabhūtattā, tassa ca kilesakālussiyābhāvena pasannattā pasādavacanena manāyatanampi vuttanti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Phuṭṭho phasso</span>ti yo ārammaṇaṃ phuṭṭho phusanto uppanno, ayaṃ phasso. <span class="bld">Vedayitaṃ vedanā</span>ti yaṃ paṭisandhiviññāṇena vā saḷāyatanapaccayena vā phassena saha uppannaṃ vipākavedayitaṃ, ayaṃ vedanā. <span class="bld">Idhupapattibhavasmiṃ purekatassa kammassa paccayā</span>ti paccuppanne vipākabhave atītajātiyaṃ katassa kammassa paccayena pavattantīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Idha paripakkattā āyatanāna</span>nti paripakkāyatanassa kammakaraṇakāle mohādayo dassitā. <span class="bld">Āyatiṃ paṭisandhiyā</span>ti anāgate paṭisandhiyā. Āyatiṃ paṭisandhi <span class="bld">viññāṇa</span>ntiādīni vuttatthāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ pana dvādasahi paṭiccasamuppādaṅgehi ime vīsati ākārā gahitā hontīti? Avijjā <a name="V1.0205"></a> saṅkhārāti ime dve atītahetuyo sarūpato vuttā. Yasmā pana avidvā paritassati, paritassito upādiyati, tassupādānapaccayā bhavo, tasmā tehi dvīhi gahitehi taṇhupādānabhavāpi gahitāva honti. Paccuppanne viññāṇanāmarūpasaḷāyatanaphassavedanā sarūpato vuttāyeva. Taṇhupādānabhavā paccuppannahetuyo sarūpato vuttā<a name="M1.0225"></a>. Bhave pana gahite tassa pubbabhāgā taṃsampayuttā vā saṅkhārā gahitāva honti, taṇhupādānaggahaṇena ca taṃsampayuttā. Yāya vā mūḷho kammaṃ karoti, sā avijjā gahitāva hoti. Anāgate jāti jarāmaraṇanti dve sarūpena vuttāni, jātijarāmaraṇaggahaṇeneva pana viññāṇādīni pañca anāgataphalāni gahitāneva honti. Tesaṃyeva hi jātijarāmaraṇānīti evaṃ dvādasahi aṅgehi vīsati ākārā gahitā honti.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Atīte hetavo pañca, idāni phalapañcakaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Idāni hetavo pañca, āyatiṃ phalapañcaka’’nti. –</p>
<p class="unindented">Gāthāya ayamevattho vutto. <span class="bld">Itime</span>ti <a name="P1.0243"></a> iti ime. Iti imeti vā pāṭho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Catusaṅkhepe</span>ti caturo rāsī. Atīte pañca hetudhammā eko hetusaṅkhepo, paccuppanne pañca phaladhammā eko phalasaṅkhepo, paccuppanne pañca hetudhammā eko hetusaṅkhepo, anāgate pañca phaladhammā eko phalasaṅkhepo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tayo addhe</span>ti tayo kāle. Paṭhamapañcakavasena atītakālo, dutiyatatiyapañcakavasena paccuppannakālo, catutthapañcakavasena anāgatakālo veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tisandhi</span>nti tayo sandhayo assāti tisandhi, taṃ tisandhiṃ. Atītahetupaccuppannaphalānamantarā eko hetuphalasandhi, paccuppannaphalaanāgatahetūnamantarā eko phalahetusandhi, paccuppannahetuanāgataphalānamantarā eko hetuphalasandhi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paṭiccasamuppādapāḷiyaṃ sarūpato āgatavasena pana avijjāsaṅkhārā eko saṅkhepo, viññāṇanāmarūpasaḷāyatanaphassavedanā dutiyo, taṇhupādānabhavā tatiyo, jātijarāmaraṇaṃ catuttho. Avijjāsaṅkhārāti dve aṅgāni atītakālāni, viññāṇādīni bhavāvasānāni aṭṭha paccuppannakālāni<a name="V1.0206"></a>, jātijarāmaraṇanti dve anāgatakālāni. Saṅkhāraviññāṇānaṃ antarā eko hetuphalasandhi, vedanātaṇhānamantarā eko phalahetusandhi, bhavajātīnamantarā eko hetuphalasandhi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vīsatiyā</span> <a name="M1.0226"></a> <span class="bld">ākārehī</span>ti vīsatiyā koṭṭhāsehi. Catusaṅkhepe ca tayo addhe ca tisandhiṃ paṭiccasamuppādañca vīsatiyā ākārehi jānātīti sambandho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Jānātī</span>ti sutānusārena bhāvanārambhañāṇena jānāti. <span class="bld">Passatī</span>ti ñātameva cakkhunā diṭṭhaṃ viya hatthatale āmalakaṃ viya ca phuṭaṃ katvā ñāṇeneva passati. <span class="bld">Aññātī</span>ti diṭṭhamariyādeneva āsevanaṃ karonto ñāṇeneva jānāti. Mariyādattho hi ettha ākāro. <span class="bld">Paṭivijjhatī</span>ti bhāvanāpāripūriyā niṭṭhaṃ pāpento ñāṇeneva paṭivedhaṃ karoti. Salakkhaṇavasena vā jānāti, sarasavasena passati, paccupaṭṭhānavasena aññāti, padaṭṭhānavasena paṭivijjhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">paṭiccasamuppādo</span>ti paccayadhammā veditabbā. <span class="bld">Paṭiccasamuppannā dhammā</span>ti tehi tehi paccayehi nibbattadhammā. Kathamidaṃ jānitabbanti ce? Bhagavato vacanena. Bhagavatā hi paṭiccasamuppādapaṭiccasamuppannadhammadesanāsutte <a name="P1.0244"></a> –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Katamo ca, bhikkhave, paṭiccasamuppādo, jātipaccayā, bhikkhave, jarāmaraṇaṃ, uppādā vā tathāgatānaṃ anuppādā vā tathāgatānaṃ ṭhitāva sā dhātu dhammaṭṭhitatā dhammaniyāmatā idappaccayatā, taṃ tathāgato abhisambujjhati abhisameti, abhisambujjhitvā abhisametvā ācikkhati deseti paññāpeti paṭṭhapeti vivarati vibhajati uttānīkaroti ‘passathā’ti cāha. Jātipaccayā, bhikkhave, jarāmaraṇaṃ, bhavapaccayā, bhikkhave, jāti…pe… avijjāpaccayā, bhikkhave, saṅkhārā. Uppādā vā tathāgatānaṃ…pe… uttānīkaroti ‘passathā’ti cāha. Avijjāpaccayā, bhikkhave, saṅkhārā. Iti kho, bhikkhave, yā tatrata thatā avitathatā anaññathatā idappaccayatā. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, paṭiccasamuppādo’’ti (saṃ. ni. 2.20) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Evaṃ paṭiccasamuppādaṃ desentena tathatādīhi vevacanehi paccayadhammāva paṭiccasamuppādoti vuttā. Tasmā jarāmaraṇādīnaṃ paccayalakkhaṇo paṭiccasamuppādo, dukkhānubandhanaraso kummaggapaccupaṭṭhāno, ayampi sapaccayattā attano visesapaccayapadaṭṭhāno.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uppādā</span> <a name="V1.0207"></a><a name="M1.0227"></a> <span class="bld">vā anuppādā vā</span>ti uppāde vā anuppāde vā, tathāgatesu uppannesupi anuppannesupīti attho. <span class="bld">Ṭhitāva sā dhātū</span>ti ṭhitova so paccayasabhāvo, na kadāci jātijarāmaraṇassa paccayo na hotīti attho. <span class="bld">Dhammaṭṭhitatā dhammaniyāmatā idappaccayatā</span>ti jātipaccayoyeva. Jātipaccayena hi jarāmaraṇasaṅkhāto paccayasamuppannadhammo tadāyattatāya tiṭṭhati, jātipaccayova jarāmaraṇadhammaṃ niyameti, tasmā jāti ‘‘dhammaṭṭhitatā dhammaniyāmatā’’ti vuccati. Jātiyeva imassa jarāmaraṇassa paccayoti idappaccayo, idappaccayova <span class="bld">idappaccayatā. Ta</span>nti taṃ paccayaṃ. <span class="bld">Abhisambujjhatī</span>ti ñāṇena abhisambujjhati. <span class="bld">Abhisametī</span>ti ñāṇena abhisamāgacchati. <span class="bld">Ācikkhatī</span>ti katheti. <span class="bld">Desetī</span>ti dasseti. <span class="bld">Paññāpetī</span>ti jānāpeti. <span class="bld">Paṭṭhapetī</span>ti ñāṇamukhe ṭhapeti. <span class="bld">Vivaratī</span>ti vivaritvā dasseti. <span class="bld">Vibhajatī</span>ti vibhāgato dasseti. <span class="bld">Uttānīkarotī</span>ti pākaṭaṃ karoti. <span class="bld">Iti kho</span>ti evaṃ kho. <span class="bld">Yā tatrā</span>ti yā tesu ‘‘jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇa’’ntiādīsu<a name="P1.0245"></a>. So panāyaṃ paṭiccasamuppādo tehi tehi paccayehi anūnādhikeheva tassa tassa dhammassa sambhavato <span class="bld">tathatā</span>ti, sāmaggiṃ upagatesu paccayesu muhuttampi tato nibbattanadhammānaṃ asambhavābhāvato <span class="bld">avitathatā</span>ti, aññadhammapaccayehi aññadhammānuppattito <span class="bld">anaññathatā</span>ti, yathāvuttānaṃ etesaṃ jarāmaraṇādīnaṃ paccayato vā paccayasamūhato vā <span class="bld">idappaccayatā</span>ti vutto. Tatrāyaṃ vacanattho – imesaṃ paccayā idappaccayā, idappaccayā eva idappaccayatā, idappaccayānaṃ vā samūho idappaccayatā. Lakkhaṇaṃ panettha saddasatthato veditabbanti.</p>
<p class="centered">Dhammaṭṭhitiñāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">5. Sammasanañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para48"></a><span class="paranum">48</span>. Sammasanañāṇaniddese <a name="P1.0246"></a> <span class="bld">yaṃ kiñcī</span>ti anavasesapariyādānaṃ. <span class="bld">Rūpa</span>nti atippasaṅganiyamanaṃ. Evaṃ padadvayenāpi rūpassa asesapariggaho kato hoti. Athassa atītādinā vibhāgaṃ ārabhati. Tañhi kiñci atītaṃ kiñci anāgatādibhedanti. Esa nayo vedanādīsupi. Tattha rūpaṃ tāva addhāsantatisamayakhaṇavasena catudhā atītaṃ nāma hoti, tathā anāgatapaccuppannaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">addhāvasena</span> tāva ekassa ekasmiṃ <a name="M1.0228"></a> bhave paṭisandhito pubbe atītaṃ, cutito uddhaṃ anāgataṃ, ubhinnamantare paccuppannaṃ. <span class="bld">Santativasena</span> sabhāgaekautusamuṭṭhānaṃ <a name="V1.0208"></a> ekāhārasamuṭṭhānañca pubbāpariyabhāvena vattamānampi paccuppannaṃ, tato pubbe visabhāgautuāhārasamuṭṭhānaṃ atītaṃ, pacchā anāgataṃ. Cittajaṃ ekavīthiekajavanaekasamāpattisamuṭṭhānaṃ paccuppannaṃ, tato pubbe atītaṃ, pacchā anāgataṃ, kammasamuṭṭhānassa pāṭiyekkaṃ santativasena atītādibhedo natthi, tesaññeva pana utuāhāracittasamuṭṭhānānaṃ upatthambhanavasena tassa atītādibhāvo veditabbo. <span class="bld">Samayavasena</span> ekamuhuttapubbaṇhasāyanharattindivādīsu samayesu santānavasena pavattamānaṃ taṃ taṃ samayaṃ paccuppannaṃ nāma, tato pubbe atītaṃ, pacchā anāgataṃ. <span class="bld">Khaṇavasena</span> uppādādikhaṇattayapariyāpannaṃ paccuppannaṃ, tato pubbe anāgataṃ, pacchā atītaṃ. Apica atikkantahetupaccayakiccaṃ atītaṃ, niṭṭhitahetukiccamaniṭṭhitapaccayakiccaṃ paccuppannaṃ, ubhayakiccamasampattaṃ anāgataṃ. Sakiccakkhaṇe vā paccuppannaṃ, tato pubbe anāgataṃ, pacchā atītaṃ. Ettha ca khaṇādikathāva nippariyāyā sesā sapariyāyā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ajjhatta</span>nti pañcasupi khandhesu idha niyakajjhattaṃ adhippetaṃ, tasmā attano santāne pavattaṃ pāṭipuggalikaṃ rūpaṃ ajjhattanti veditabbaṃ. Tato bahibhūtaṃ pana <a name="P1.0247"></a> indriyabaddhaṃ vā anindriyabaddhaṃ vā rūpaṃ <span class="bld">bahiddhā</span> nāma. <span class="bld">Oḷārika</span>nti cakkhusotaghānajivhākāyarūpasaddagandharasaphoṭṭhabbasaṅkhātā pathavītejovāyo cāti dvādasavidhaṃ rūpaṃ ghaṭṭanavasena gahetabbato oḷārikaṃ. Sesaṃ pana āpodhātu itthindriyaṃ purisindriyaṃ jīvitindriyaṃ hadayavatthu ojā ākāsadhātu kāyaviññatti vacīviññatti rūpassa lahutā mudutā kammaññatā upacayo santati jaratā aniccatāti soḷasavidhaṃ rūpaṃ ghaṭṭanavasena agahetabbato <span class="bld">sukhumaṃ. Hīnaṃ vā paṇītaṃ vā</span>ti ettha hīnapaṇītabhāvo pariyāyato nippariyāyato ca. Tattha akaniṭṭhānaṃ rūpato sudassīnaṃ rūpaṃ hīnaṃ, tadeva sudassānaṃ rūpato paṇītaṃ. Evaṃ yāva narakasattānaṃ rūpaṃ, tāva pariyāyato hīnapaṇītatā veditabbā. Nippariyāyato pana yattha akusalavipākaṃ uppajjati, taṃ hīnaṃ. Yattha kusalavipākaṃ, taṃ paṇītaṃ. <span class="bld">Yaṃ dūre santike vā</span>ti ettha yaṃ sukhumaṃ, tadeva duppaṭivijjhasabhāvattā dūre. Yaṃ oḷārikaṃ, tadeva suppaṭivijjhasabhāvattā santike.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbaṃ</span> <a name="M1.0229"></a> <span class="bld">rūpaṃ aniccato vavattheti ekaṃ sammasanaṃ, dukkhato vavattheti ekaṃ sammasanaṃ, anattato vavattheti ekaṃ sammasana</span>nti ettha ayaṃ bhikkhu ‘‘yaṃ kiñci rūpa’’nti evaṃ aniyamaniddiṭṭhaṃ sabbampi rūpaṃ atītattikena ceva catūhi ajjhattādidukehi cāti ekādasahi okāsehi paricchinditvā sabbaṃ rūpaṃ aniccato vavattheti aniccanti sammasati. Kathaṃ? Parato vuttanayena. Vuttañhetaṃ – ‘‘rūpaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ aniccaṃ khayaṭṭhenā’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.48). Tasmā <a name="V1.0209"></a> esa yaṃ atītaṃ rūpaṃ, taṃ yasmā atīteyeva khīṇaṃ, nayimaṃ bhavaṃ sampattanti aniccaṃ khayaṭṭhena, yaṃ anāgataṃ rūpaṃ anantarabhave nibbattissati, tampi tattheva khīyissati, na tato paraṃ bhavaṃ gamissatīti aniccaṃ khayaṭṭhena, yaṃ paccuppannaṃ rūpaṃ, taṃ idheva khīyati, na ito gacchatīti aniccaṃ khayaṭṭhena, yaṃ ajjhattaṃ rūpaṃ, tampi ajjhattameva khīyati, na bahiddhābhāvaṃ gacchatīti aniccaṃ khayaṭṭhena, yaṃ bahiddhā oḷārikaṃ sukhumaṃ hīnaṃ paṇītaṃ dūre santike, tampi ettheva khīyati, na dūrabhāvaṃ <a name="P1.0248"></a> gacchatīti aniccaṃ khayaṭṭhenāti sammasati. Idaṃ sabbampi ‘‘aniccaṃ khayaṭṭhenā’’ti etassa vasena ekaṃ sammasanaṃ, pabhedato pana ekādasavidhaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sabbameva cetaṃ dukkhaṃ bhayaṭṭhenāti sammasati. <span class="bld">Bhayaṭṭhenā</span>ti sappaṭibhayatāya. Yañhi aniccaṃ, taṃ bhayāvahaṃ hoti sīhopamasutte (a. ni. 4.33; saṃ. ni. 3.78) devānaṃ viya. Iti idampi ‘‘dukkhaṃ bhayaṭṭhenā’’ti etassa vasena ekaṃ sammasanaṃ, pabhedato pana ekādasavidhaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā ca dukkhaṃ, evaṃ sabbampi taṃ anattā asārakaṭṭhenāti sammasati. <span class="bld">Asārakaṭṭhenā</span>ti ‘‘attā nivāsī kārako vedako sayaṃvasī’’ti evaṃ parikappitassa attasārassa abhāvena. Yañhi aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ, attanopi aniccataṃ vā udayabbayapīḷanaṃ vā vāretuṃ na sakkoti, kuto tassa kārakādibhāvo. Tenāha – ‘‘rūpañca hidaṃ, bhikkhave, attā abhavissa, nayidaṃ rūpaṃ ābādhāya saṃvatteyyā’’tiādi (saṃ. ni. 3.59). Iti idaṃ ‘‘anattā asārakaṭṭhenā’’ti etassa vasena ekaṃ sammasanaṃ, pabhedato pana ekādasavidhaṃ hoti. Eseva nayo vedanādīsu. Iti ekekasmiṃ khandhe ekādasa ekādasa katvā pañcasu khandhesu pañcapaññāsa sammasanāni honti, aniccato pañcapaññāsa<a name="M1.0230"></a>, dukkhato pañcapaññāsa, anattato pañcapaññāsāti tividhānupassanāvasena sabbāni pañcasaṭṭhisatasammasanāni honti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Keci pana ‘‘sabbaṃ rūpaṃ, sabbaṃ vedanaṃ, sabbaṃ saññaṃ, sabbe saṅkhāre, sabbaṃ viññāṇanti padampi pakkhipitvā ekekasmiṃ khandhe dvādasa dvādasa katvā pañcasu saṭṭhi, anupassanāto asītisatasammasanānī’’ti vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atītādivibhāge <a name="V1.0210"></a> panettha santativasena khaṇādivasena ca vedanāya atītānāgatapaccuppannabhāvo veditabbo. Tattha <span class="bld">santativasena</span> ekavīthiekajavanaekasamāpattipariyāpannā ekavidhavisayasamāyogappavattā ca paccuppannā, tato pubbe atītā, pacchā anāgatā. <span class="bld">Khaṇādivasena</span> khaṇattayapariyāpannā pubbantāparantamajjhagatā sakiccañca kurumānā vedanā paccuppannā, tato pubbe atītā, pacchā anāgatā. Ajjhattabahiddhābhedo niyakajjhattavaseneva veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Oḷārikasukhumabhāvo ‘‘akusalā vedanā oḷārikā, kusalābyākatā vedanā sukhumā’’tiādinā (vibha. 4) nayena vibhaṅge vuttena jātisabhāvapuggalalokiyalokuttaravasena veditabbo. <span class="bld">Jātivasena</span> <a name="P1.0249"></a> tāva akusalā vedanā sāvajjakiriyahetuto, kilesasantāpabhāvato ca avūpasantavuttīti kusalavedanāya oḷārikā, sabyāpārato saussāhato savipākato kilesasantāpabhāvato sāvajjato ca vipākābyākatāya oḷārikā, savipākato kilesasantāpabhāvato sabyābajjhato sāvajjato ca kiriyābyākatāya oḷārikā. Kusalābyākatā pana vuttavipariyāyato akusalāya vedanāya sukhumā. Dvepi kusalākusalā vedanā sabyāpārato saussāhato savipākato ca yathāyogaṃ duvidhāyapi abyākatāya oḷārikā, vuttavipariyāyena duvidhāpi abyākatā tāhi sukhumā. Evaṃ tāva jātivasena oḷārikasukhumatā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabhāvavasena</span> pana dukkhā vedanā nirassādato savipphārato khobhakaraṇato ubbejanīyato abhibhavanato ca itarāhi dvīhi oḷārikā, itarā pana dve sātato santato paṇītato manāpato <a name="M1.0231"></a> majjhattato ca yathāyogaṃ dukkhāya sukhumā. Ubho pana sukhadukkhā savipphārato ubbejanīyato khobhakaraṇato pākaṭato ca adukkhamasukhāya oḷārikā, sā vuttavipariyāyena tadubhayato sukhumā. Evaṃ sabhāvavasena oḷārikasukhumatā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Puggalavasena</span> pana asamāpannassa vedanā nānārammaṇe vikkhittabhāvato samāpannassa vedanāya oḷārikā, vipariyāyena itarā sukhumā. Evaṃ puggalavasena oḷārikasukhumatā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Lokiyalokuttaravasena</span> pana sāsavā vedanā lokiyā, sā āsavuppattihetuto oghaniyato yoganiyato ganthaniyato nīvaraṇiyato upādāniyato saṃkilesikato puthujjanasādhāraṇato ca anāsavāya <a name="V1.0211"></a> oḷārikā, anāsavā ca vipariyāyena sāsavāya sukhumā. Evaṃ lokiyalokuttaravasena oḷārikasukhumatā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha jātiādivasena sambhedo pariharitabbo. Akusalavipākakāyaviññāṇasampayuttā hi vedanā jātivasena abyākatattā sukhumāpi samānā sabhāvādivasena oḷārikā hoti. Vuttañhetaṃ –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Abyākatā vedanā sukhumā, dukkhā vedanā oḷārikā. Samāpannassa vedanā sukhumā, asamāpannassa vedanā oḷārikā. Anāsavā vedanā sukhumā, sāsavā vedanā oḷārikā’’ti (vibha. 11).</p>
<p class="unindented">Yathā ca dukkhā vedanā, evaṃ sukhādayopi. Tāpi hi jātivasena oḷārikā, sabhāvādivasena sukhumā honti. Tasmā yathā jātiādivasena sambhedo na hoti, tathā vedanānaṃ <a name="P1.0250"></a> oḷārikasukhumatā veditabbā. Seyyathidaṃ, abyākatā jātivasena kusalākusalāhi sukhumā. Tattha katamā abyākatā? Kiṃ dukkhā? Kiṃ sukhā? Kiṃ samāpannassa? Kiṃ asamāpannassa? Kiṃ sāsavā? Kiṃ anāsavāti? Evaṃ sabhāvādibhedo na parāmasitabbo. Esa nayo sabbattha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica ‘‘taṃ taṃ vā pana vedanaṃ upādāyupādāya vedanā oḷārikā sukhumā daṭṭhabbā’’ti vacanato akusalādīsupi lobhasahagatāya dosasahagatā <a name="M1.0232"></a> vedanā aggi viya nissayadahanato oḷārikā, lobhasahagatā sukhumā. Dosasahagatāpi niyatā oḷārikā, aniyatā sukhumā. Niyatāpi kappaṭṭhitikā oḷārikā, itarā sukhumā. Kappaṭṭhitikāsupi asaṅkhārikā oḷārikā, itarā sukhumā. Lobhasahagatā pana diṭṭhisampayuttā oḷārikā, itarā sukhumā. Sāpi niyatā kappaṭṭhitikā asaṅkhārikā oḷārikā, itarā sukhumā. Avisesena ca akusalā bahuvipākā oḷārikā, appavipākā sukhumā. Kusalā pana appavipākā oḷārikā, bahuvipākā sukhumā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica kāmāvacarakusalā oḷārikā, rūpāvacarā sukhumā, tato arūpāvacarā, tato lokuttarā. Kāmāvacarā ca dānamayā oḷārikā, sīlamayā sukhumā. Sīlamayāpi oḷārikā, tato bhāvanāmayā sukhumā. Bhāvanāmayāpi duhetukā oḷārikā, tihetukā sukhumā. Tihetukāpi sasaṅkhārikā oḷārikā, asaṅkhārikā sukhumā<a name="V1.0212"></a>. Rūpāvacarā ca paṭhamajjhānikā oḷārikā…pe… pañcamajjhānikā sukhumāva. Arūpāvacarā ca ākāsānañcāyatanasampayuttā oḷārikā…pe… nevasaññānāsaññāyatanasampayuttā sukhumāva. Lokuttarā ca sotāpattimaggasampayuttā oḷārikā…pe… arahattamaggasampayuttā sukhumāva. Esa nayo taṃtaṃbhūmivipākakiriyāvedanāsu dukkhādiasamāpannādisāsavādivasena vuttavedanāsu ca. Okāsavasena vāpi niraye dukkhā oḷārikā, tiracchānayoniyaṃ sukhumā…pe… paranimmitavasavattīsu sukhumāva. Yathā ca dukkhā, evaṃ sukhāpi sabbattha yathānurūpaṃ yojetabbā. Vatthuvasena cāpi hīnavatthukā yā kāci vedanā oḷārikā, paṇītavatthukā sukhumā. Hīnapaṇītabhede yā oḷārikā, sā hīnā. Yā ca sukhumā, sā paṇītāti daṭṭhabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dūrasantikapade pana <a name="P1.0251"></a> ‘‘akusalā vedanā kusalābyākatāhi vedanāhi dūre, akusalā vedanā akusalāya vedanāya santike’’tiādinā (vibha. 13) nayena vibhaṅge vibhattā. Tasmā akusalā vedanā visabhāgato asaṃsaṭṭhato asarikkhato ca kusalābyākatāhi dūre, tathā kusalābyākatā akusalāya. Esa nayo sabbavāresu. Akusalā <a name="M1.0233"></a> pana vedanā sabhāgato saṃsaṭṭhato sarikkhato ca akusalāya santiketi idaṃ vedanāya atītādivibhāge vitthārakathāmukhaṃ. Taṃtaṃvedanāsampayuttānaṃ pana saññādīnampi etaṃ evameva veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ye panettha vedanādīsu <span class="bld">cakkhu…pe… jarāmaraṇa</span>nti peyyālena saṃkhittesu ca dhammesu lokuttaradhammā āgatā, te asammasanūpagattā imasmiṃ adhikāre na gahetabbā. Te pana kevalaṃ tena tena padena saṅgahitadhammadassanavasena ca abhiññeyyaniddese āgatanayena ca vuttā. Yepi ca sammasanūpagā, tesu ye yassa pākaṭā honti, sukhena pariggahaṃ gacchanti, tesu tena sammasanaṃ ārabhitabbaṃ. Jātijarāmaraṇavasena visuṃ sammasanābhāvepi jātijarāmaraṇavantesuyeva pana sammasitesu tānipi sammasitāni hontīti pariyāyena tesampi vasena sammasanaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ aniccato vavatthetī</span>tiādinā nayena atītattikasseva ca vasena sammasanassa vuttattā ajjhattādibhedaṃ anāmasitvāpi atītattikasseva vasena paricchinditvāpi aniccādito sammasanaṃ kātabbameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yaṃ pana aniccaṃ, taṃ yasmā niyamato saṅkhatādibhedaṃ hoti, tenassa pariyāyadassanatthaṃ, nānākārehi vā manasikārappavattidassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">rūpaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ aniccaṃ saṅkhata</span>ntiādimāha<a name="V1.0213"></a>. Tañhi hutvā abhāvaṭṭhena <span class="bld">aniccaṃ,</span> aniccantikatāya ādiantavantatāya vā aniccaṃ. Paccayehi samāgantvā katattā <span class="bld">saṅkhataṃ</span>. Paccaye paṭicca nissāya samaṃ, saha vā uppannattā <span class="bld">paṭiccasamuppannaṃ</span>. Etena paccayehi katepi paccayānaṃ abyāpārataṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Khayadhamma</span>nti khīyanadhammaṃ khīyanapakatikaṃ. <span class="bld">Vayadhamma</span>nti nassanadhammaṃ. Nayidaṃ mandībhāvakkhayavasena <a name="P1.0252"></a> khayadhammaṃ, kevalaṃ vigamanapakatikaṃ. Pahūtassa mandībhāvopi hi loke khayoti vuccati. <span class="bld">Virāgadhamma</span>nti nayidaṃ kuhiñci gamanavasena vayadhammaṃ, kevalaṃ sabhāvātikkamanapakatikaṃ. ‘‘Virāgo nāma jigucchanaṃ vā samatikkamo vā’’ti hi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Nirodhadhamma</span>nti nayidaṃ sabhāvātikkamena punarāvattidhammaṃ, kevalaṃ apunarāvattinirodhena nirujjhanapakatikanti purimapurimapadassa atthavivaraṇavasena pacchimapacchimapadaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha <a name="M1.0234"></a> vā ekabhavapariyāpannarūpabhaṅgavasena khayadhammaṃ, ekasantatipariyāpannarūpakkhayavasena vayadhammaṃ, rūpassa khaṇabhaṅgavasena virāgadhammaṃ, tiṇṇampi apunappavattivasena nirodhadhammantipi yojetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Jarāmaraṇaṃ anicca</span>ntiādīsu jarāmaraṇaṃ na aniccaṃ, aniccasabhāvānaṃ pana khandhānaṃ jarāmaraṇattā aniccaṃ nāma jātaṃ. Saṅkhatādīsupi eseva nayo. Antarapeyyāle jātiyāpi aniccāditāya eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇa</span>ntiādi na vipassanāvasena vuttaṃ, kevalaṃ paṭiccasamuppādassa ekekaaṅgavasena saṅkhipitvā vavatthānato sammasanañāṇaṃ nāma hotīti pariyāyena vuttaṃ. Na panetaṃ kalāpasammasanañāṇaṃ dhammaṭṭhitiñāṇameva taṃ hotīti. <span class="bld">Asati jātiyā</span>ti liṅgavipallāso kato, asatiyā jātiyāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Asati saṅkhāresū</span>ti vacanavipallāso kato, asantesu saṅkhāresūti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Bhavapaccayā jāti, asatī</span>tiādi ‘‘bhavapaccayā jāti, asati bhave natthi jātī’’tiādinā nayena yojetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Sammasanañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">6. Udayabbayañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para49"></a><span class="paranum">49</span>. Idāni <a name="V1.0214"></a><a name="P1.0253"></a> anantaraṃ vuttassa sammasanañāṇassa nānānayehi bhāvanāthirakaraṇena pāraṃ gantvā ṭhitena aniccādito diṭṭhe saṅkhāre udayabbayena paricchinditvā aniccādito vipassanatthaṃ vuttassa udayabbayānupassanāñāṇassa niddese <span class="bld">jātaṃ rūpa</span>ntiādīsu santativasena yathāsakaṃ paccayehi nibbattaṃ rūpaṃ. <span class="bld">Tassa</span> jātassa rūpassa <span class="bld">nibbattilakkhaṇaṃ</span> jātiṃ uppādaṃ abhinavākāraṃ <span class="bld">udayo</span>ti, <span class="bld">vipariṇāmalakkhaṇaṃ</span> khayaṃ bhaṅgaṃ <span class="bld">vayo</span>ti, <span class="bld">anupassanā</span> punappunaṃ nisāmanā, udayabbaya anupassanāñāṇanti attho. Vedanādīsupi eseva nayo. Jātijarāmaraṇavantānaṃyeva udayabbayassa pariggahetabbattā jātijarāmaraṇānaṃ udayabbayābhāvato jātijarāmaraṇaṃ anāmasitvā <span class="bld">jātaṃ cakkhu…pe… jāto bhavo</span>ti peyyālaṃ kataṃ. So evaṃ pañcannaṃ khandhānaṃ udayabbayaṃ <a name="M1.0235"></a> passanto evaṃ jānāti ‘‘imesaṃ khandhānaṃ uppattito pubbe anuppannānaṃ rāsi vā nicayo vā natthi, uppajjamānānampi rāsito vā nicayato vā āgamanaṃ nāma natthi, nirujjhamānānampi disāvidisāgamanaṃ nāma natthi, niruddhānampi ekasmiṃ ṭhāne rāsito nicayato nidhānato avaṭṭhānaṃ nāma natthi. Yathā pana vīṇāya vādiyamānāya uppannassa saddassa neva uppattito pubbe sannicayo atthi, na uppajjamāno sannicayato āgato, na nirujjhamānassa disāvidisāgamanaṃ atthi, na niruddho katthaci sannicito tiṭṭhati, atha kho vīṇañca upavīṇañca purisassa ca tajjaṃ vāyāmaṃ paṭicca ahutvā sambhoti, hutvā paṭiveti, evaṃ sabbepi rūpārūpino dhammā ahutvā sambhonti, hutvā paṭiventī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para50"></a><span class="paranum">50</span>. Evaṃ saṅkhepato udayabbayadassanaṃ dassetvā idāni vitthārato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">pañcannaṃ khandhānaṃ udayaṃ passanto kati lakkhaṇāni passatī</span>tiādīhi rāsito gaṇanaṃ pucchitvā, pañcannaṃ khandhānaṃ udayaṃ passanto <span class="bld">pañcavīsati lakkhaṇāni passatī</span>tiādīhi <a name="P1.0254"></a> rāsitova gaṇanaṃ vissajjetvā, puna <span class="bld">rūpakkhandhassa udayaṃ passanto kati lakkhaṇāni passatī</span>tiādīhi vibhāgato gaṇanaṃ pucchitvā <span class="bld">rūpakkhandhassa udayaṃ passanto pañca lakkhaṇāni passatī</span>tiādīhi vibhāgato gaṇanaṃ vissajjetvā, puna <span class="bld">rūpakkhandhassa udayaṃ passanto katamāni pañca lakkhaṇāni passatī</span>tiādīhi lakkhaṇavibhāgaṃ pucchitvā vissajjanaṃ kataṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">avijjāsamudayā rūpasamudayo</span>ti ‘‘purimakammabhavasmiṃ moho avijjā’’ti vuttāya avijjāya sati imasmiṃ bhave rūpassa uppādo hotīti attho. <span class="bld">Paccayasamudayaṭṭhenā</span>ti paccayassa uppannabhāvenāti attho. Avijjātaṇhākammāni cettha idha paṭisandhihetubhūtā atītapaccayā<a name="V1.0215"></a>. Imesu ca tīsu gahitesu saṅkhārupādānāni gahitāneva honti. <span class="bld">Āhārasamudayā</span>ti pavattipaccayesu kabaḷīkārāhārassa balavattā soyeva gahito. Tasmiṃ pana gahite pavattihetubhūtāni utucittānipi gahitāneva honti. <span class="bld">Nibbattilakkhaṇa</span>nti addhāsantatikhaṇavasena rūpassa uppādaṃ, uppādoyeva saṅkhatalakkhaṇattā lakkhaṇanti ca vutto. <span class="bld">Pañca lakkhaṇānī</span>ti avijjā taṇhā kammāhārā nibbatti cāti imāni pañca <a name="M1.0236"></a> lakkhaṇāni. Avijjādayopi hi rūpassa udayo lakkhīyati etehīti lakkhaṇāni. Nibbatti pana saṅkhatalakkhaṇameva, tampi saṅkhatanti lakkhīyati etenāti lakkhaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Avijjānirodhā rūpanirodho</span>ti anāgatabhavassa paccayabhūtāya imasmiṃ bhave avijjāya arahattamaggañāṇena nirodhe kate paccayābhāvā anāgatassa rūpassa anuppādo nirodho hotīti attho. <span class="bld">Paccayanirodhaṭṭhenā</span>ti paccayassa niruddhabhāvenāti attho. Nirodho cettha anāgatapaṭisandhipaccayānaṃ idha avijjātaṇhākammānaṃyeva nirodho. <span class="bld">Āhāranirodhā rūpanirodho</span>ti pavattipaccayassa kabaḷīkārāhārassa abhāve taṃsamuṭṭhānarūpābhāvo hoti. <span class="bld">Vipariṇāmalakkhaṇa</span>nti addhāsantatikhaṇavasena rūpassa bhaṅgaṃ, bhaṅgoyeva saṅkhatalakkhaṇattā lakkhaṇanti vutto. Idha <span class="bld">pañca lakkhaṇānī</span>ti avijjātaṇhākammāhārānaṃ abhāvanirodhā cattāri, vipariṇāmo ekanti pañca. Esa nayo vedanākkhanthādīsu. Ayaṃ pana viseso – arūpakkhandhānaṃ udayabbayadassanaṃ addhāsantativasena, na khaṇavasena. Phasso vedanāsaññāsaṅkhārakkhandhānaṃ pavattipaccayo, taṃnirodhā ca tesaṃ nirodho. Nāmarūpaṃ <a name="P1.0255"></a> viññāṇakkhandhassa pavattipaccayo, taṃnirodhā ca tassa nirodhoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Keci panāhu – ‘‘catudhā paccayato udayabbayadassane atītādivibhāgaṃ anāmasitvāva sabbasāmaññavasena avijjādīhi udetīti uppajjamānabhāvamattaṃ gaṇhāti, na uppādaṃ. Avijjādinirodhā nirujjatīti anuppajjamānabhāvamattaṃ gaṇhāti, na bhaṅgaṃ. Khaṇato udayabbayadassane paccuppannānaṃ uppādaṃ bhaṅgaṃ gaṇhātī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vipassamāno pana vipassako paṭhamaṃ paccayato udayabbayaṃ manasikaritvā vipassanākāle avijjādike caturo dhamme vissajjetvā udayabbayavanteyeva khandhe gahetvā tesaṃ udayabbayaṃ passati, evañca tassa vipassakassa ‘‘evaṃ rūpādīnaṃ udayo, evaṃ vayo, evaṃ rūpādayo udenti, evaṃ ventī’’ti paccayato ca khaṇato ca vitthārena udayabbayaṃ passato ‘‘iti kira ime dhammā ahutvā sambhonti, hutvā paṭiventī’’ti ñāṇaṃ visadataraṃ hoti, saccapaṭiccasamuppādanayalakkhaṇabhedā pākaṭā honti<a name="M1.0237"></a>. Yañhi so avijjādisamudayā khandhānaṃ samudayaṃ avijjādinirodhā <a name="V1.0216"></a> ca khandhānaṃ nirodhaṃ passati, idamassa paccayato udayabbayadassanaṃ. Yaṃ pana nibbattilakkhaṇavipariṇāmalakkhaṇāni passanto khandhānaṃ udayabbayaṃ passati, idamassa khaṇato udayabbayadassanaṃ. Uppattikkhaṇeyeva hi nibbattilakkhaṇaṃ, bhaṅgakkhaṇe ca vipariṇāmalakkhaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Iccassevaṃ paccayato ceva khaṇato ca dvedhā udayabbayaṃ passato paccayato udayadassanena samudayasaccaṃ pākaṭaṃ hoti janakāvabodhato. Khaṇato udayadassanena dukkhasaccaṃ pākaṭaṃ hoti jātidukkhāvabodhato. Paccayato vayadassanena nirodhasaccaṃ pākaṭaṃ hoti paccayānuppādena paccayavataṃ anuppādāvabodhato. Khaṇato vayadassanena dukkhasaccameva pākaṭaṃ hoti maraṇadukkhāvabodhato. Yañcassa udayabbayadassanaṃ, maggovāyaṃ lokikoti maggasaccaṃ pākaṭaṃ hoti tatra sammohavighātato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paccayato cassa udayadassanena anulomo paṭiccasamuppādo pākaṭo hoti ‘‘imasmiṃ sati idaṃ hotī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.404; saṃ. ni. 2.21; udā. 1) avabodhato. Paccayato vayadassanena paṭilomo paṭiccasamuppādo pākaṭo hoti ‘‘imassa nirodhā idaṃ nirujjhatī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.406; saṃ. ni. 2.21; udā. 2) avabodhato. Khaṇato pana udayabbayadassanena paṭiccasamuppannā dhammā pākaṭā honti <a name="P1.0256"></a> saṅkhatalakkhaṇāvabodhato. Udayabbayavanto hi saṅkhatā, te ca paṭiccasamuppannāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paccayato cassa udayadassanena ekattanayo pākaṭo hoti hetuphalasambandhena santānassa anupacchedāvabodhato. Atha suṭṭhutaraṃ ucchedadiṭṭhiṃ pajahati. Khaṇato udayadassanena nānattanayo pākaṭo hoti navanavānaṃ uppādāvabodhato. Atha suṭṭhutaraṃ sassatadiṭṭhiṃ pajahati. Paccayato cassa udayabbayadassanena abyāpāranayo pākaṭo hoti dhammānaṃ avasavattibhāvāvabodhato. Atha suṭṭhutaraṃ attadiṭṭhiṃ pajahati. Paccayato pana udayadassanena evaṃdhammatānayo pākaṭo hoti paccayānurūpena phalassuppādāvabodhato. Atha suṭṭhutaraṃ akiriyadiṭṭhiṃ pajahati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paccayato <a name="M1.0238"></a> cassa udayadassanena anattalakkhaṇaṃ pākaṭaṃ hoti dhammānaṃ nirīhakattapaccayapaṭibaddhavuttitāvabodhato. Khaṇato udayabbayadassanena aniccalakkhaṇaṃ pākaṭaṃ hoti hutvā abhāvāvabodhato, pubbantāparantavivekāvabodhato ca. Dukkhalakkhaṇampi pākaṭaṃ hoti udayabbayehi paṭipīḷanāvabodhato. Sabhāvalakkhaṇampi pākaṭaṃ hoti udayabbayaparicchinnāvabodhato<a name="V1.0217"></a>. Sabhāvalakkhaṇe saṅkhatalakkhaṇassa tāvakālikattampi pākaṭaṃ hoti, udayakkhaṇe vayassa, vayakkhaṇe ca udayassa abhāvāvabodhatoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tassevaṃ pākaṭībhūtasaccapaṭiccasamuppādanayalakkhaṇabhedassa ‘‘evaṃ kira nāmime dhammā anuppannapubbā uppajjanti, uppannā nirujjhantī’’ti niccanavāva hutvā saṅkhārā upaṭṭhahanti. Na kevalañca niccanavāva, sūriyuggamane ussāvabindu viya udakapubbuḷo viya udake daṇḍarāji viya āragge sāsapo viya vijjuppādo viya ca parittaṭṭhāyino māyāmarīcisupinantaalātacakkagandhabbanagarapheṇakadaliādayo viya asārā nissārāti cāpi upaṭṭhahanti. Ettāvatā tena ‘‘vayadhammameva uppajjati, uppannañca vayaṃ upetī’’ti iminā ākārena samapaññāsa lakkhaṇāni paṭivijjhitvā ṭhitaṃ udayabbayānupassanā nāma paṭhamaṃ taruṇavipassanāñāṇaṃ adhigataṃ hoti, yassādhigamā ‘‘āraddhavipassako’’ti saṅkhaṃ gacchati. Imasmiṃ ñāṇe ṭhitassa obhāsādayo <a name="P1.0257"></a> dasa vipassanūpakkilesā uppajjanti, yesaṃ uppattiyā akusalo yogāvacaro tesu maggañāṇasaññī hutvā amaggameva ‘‘maggo’’ti gaṇhāti, upakkilesajaṭājaṭito ca hoti. Kusalo pana yogāvacaro tesu vipassanaṃ āropento upakkilesajaṭaṃ vijaṭetvā ‘‘ete dhammā na maggo, upakkilesavimuttaṃ pana vīthipaṭipannaṃ vipassanāñāṇaṃ maggo’’ti maggañca amaggañca vavatthapeti. Tassevaṃ maggañca amaggañca ñatvā ṭhitaṃ ñāṇaṃ maggāmaggañāṇadassanavisuddhi nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettāvatā ca pana tena catunnaṃ saccānaṃ vavatthānaṃ kataṃ hoti. Kathaṃ? Nāmarūpapariggahe sati paccayapariggahasambhavato dhammaṭṭhitiñāṇavacaneneva vuttena diṭṭhivisuddhisaṅkhātena nāmarūpavavatthāpanena dukkhasaccassa vavatthānaṃ kataṃ hoti, kaṅkhāvitaraṇavisuddhisaṅkhātena paccayapariggahaṇena samudayasaccassa vavatthānaṃ, udayabbayānupassanena ca khaṇato udayabbayadassanena dukkhasaccassa <a name="M1.0239"></a> vavatthānaṃ kataṃ, paccayato udayadassanena samudayasaccassa vavatthānaṃ, paccayato vayadassanena nirodhasaccassa vavatthānaṃ, yañcassa udayabbayadassanaṃ, maggovāyaṃ lokikoti tatra sammohavighātato imissañca maggāmaggañāṇadassanavisuddhiyaṃ vipassato sammā maggassa avadhāraṇena maggasaccassa vavatthānaṃ kataṃ. Evaṃ lokiyena tāva ñāṇena catunnaṃ saccānaṃ vavatthānaṃ kataṃ hotīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Udayabbayañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">7. Bhaṅgānupassanāñāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para51"></a><span class="paranum">51</span>. So <a name="V1.0218"></a><a name="P1.0258"></a> udayabbayānupassanāyaṃ ṭhito yogāvacaro maggāmaggavavatthāpanena upakkilesavimuttaṃ vīthipaṭipannaṃ udayabbayānupassanāñāṇaṃ ‘‘maggo’’ti ñatvā tilakkhaṇasallakkhaṇena tasseva maggassa suvisadakaraṇatthaṃ puna udayabbayānupassanaṃ ārabhitvā udayabbayena paricchinne saṅkhāre aniccādito vipassati. Evaṃ tassa taṃ ñāṇaṃ tikkhaṃ hutvā vahati, saṅkhārā lahuṃ upaṭṭhahanti, ñāṇe tikkhe vahante saṅkhāresu lahuṃ upaṭṭhahantesu uppādaṃ atikkamitvā bhaṅge eva sati santiṭṭhati. Nirodhādhimuttattā vā udayaṃ pahāya bhaṅgeyeva satiṃ upaṭṭhapeti. Etasmiṃ ṭhāne bhaṅgānupassanāñāṇaṃ uppajjati. Idāni tassa ñāṇassa niddese <span class="bld">rūpārammaṇatā cittaṃ uppajjitvā bhijjatī</span>ti rūpārammaṇaṃ cittaṃ uppajjitvā bhijjati. Atha vā rūpārammaṇabhāve cittaṃ uppajjitvā bhijjatīti attho. <span class="bld">Taṃ ārammaṇaṃ paṭisaṅkhā</span>ti taṃ rūpārammaṇaṃ paṭisaṅkhāya jānitvā, khayato vayato disvāti attho. <span class="bld">Tassa cittassa bhaṅgaṃ anupassatī</span>ti yena cittena taṃ rūpārammaṇaṃ khayato vayato diṭṭhaṃ, tassa cittassa aparena cittena bhaṅgaṃ anupassatīti attho. Tenāhu porāṇā – ‘‘ñātañca ñāṇañca ubho vipassatī’’ti. <span class="bld">Citta</span>nti cettha sasampayuttacittaṃ adhippetaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anupassatī</span>ti anu anu passati, anekehi ākārehi punappunaṃ passatīti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">anupassatīti kathaṃ anupassati, aniccato anupassatī</span>tiādi<a name="M1.0240"></a>. Tattha yasmā bhaṅgo nāma aniccatāya paramā koṭi, tasmā bhaṅgānupassako yogāvacaro sabbaṃ rūpagataṃ aniccato anupassati, no niccato. Tato aniccassa dukkhattā, dukkhassa ca anattattā, tadeva dukkhato anupassati, no sukhato. Anattato anupassati, no attato<a name="P1.0259"></a>. Yasmā pana yaṃ aniccaṃ dukkhamanattā, na taṃ abhinanditabbaṃ. Yañca na abhinanditabbaṃ, na tattha rajjitabbaṃ. Tasmā esa tasmiṃ bhaṅgānupassanānusārena ‘‘aniccaṃ dukkhamanattā’’ti diṭṭhe rūpagate nibbindati, no nandati. Virajjati, no rajjati. So evaṃ virajjanto lokikeneva tāva ñāṇena rāgaṃ nirodheti, no samudeti, samudayaṃ na karotīti attho. Atha vā so evaṃ viratto yathā diṭṭhaṃ rūpagataṃ, tathā adiṭṭhampi anvayañāṇavasena nirodheti, no samudeti. Nirodhatova manasi karoti, nirodhamevassa passati, no samudayanti attho. So evaṃ paṭipanno paṭinissajjati, no ādiyati. Kiṃ vuttaṃ hoti? Ayampi hi aniccādianupassanā tadaṅgavasena saddhiṃ khandhābhisaṅkhārehi kilesānaṃ pariccajanato, saṅkhatadosadassanena ca tabbiparīte nibbāne tanninnatāya pakkhandanato pariccāgapaṭinissaggo ceva pakkhandanapaṭinissaggo <a name="V1.0219"></a> cāti vuccati. Tasmā tāya samannāgato bhikkhu yathāvuttena nayena kilese ca pariccajati, nibbāne ca pakkhandati. Nāpi nibbattanavasena kilese ādiyati, na adosadassitāvasena saṅkhatārammaṇaṃ. Tena vuccati <span class="bld">paṭinissajjati, no ādiyatī</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para52"></a><span class="paranum">52</span>. Idānissa tehi ñāṇehi yesaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānaṃ hoti, taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">aniccato anupassanto niccasaññaṃ pajahatī</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">nandi</span>nti sappītikaṃ taṇhaṃ. <span class="bld">Rāga</span>nti sesaṃ taṇhaṃ. <span class="bld">Samudaya</span>nti rāgassa uppattiṃ. Atha vā rūpagatassa udayaṃ. <span class="bld">Ādāna</span>nti nibbattanavasena kilesānaṃ ādānaṃ. Vedanārammaṇatātiādīni idha ca heṭṭhā ca vuttanayeneva veditabbāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Gāthāsu pana <span class="bld">vatthusaṅkamanā</span>ti rūpādīsu ekekassa bhaṅgaṃ disvā puna yena cittena bhaṅgo diṭṭho, tassāpi bhaṅgadassanavasena purimavatthuto aññavatthusaṅkamanā. <span class="bld">Paññāya ca vivaṭṭanā</span>ti udayaṃ pahāya vaye santiṭṭhanā. <span class="bld">Āvajjanā balañcevā</span>ti rūpādīsu ekekassa bhaṅgaṃ disvā puna bhaṅgārammaṇassa cittassa bhaṅgadassanatthaṃ anantarameva āvajjanasamatthatā. <span class="bld">Paṭisaṅkhā vipassanā</span>ti <a name="M1.0241"></a> esā ārammaṇapaṭisaṅkhā bhaṅgānupassanā nāma. <span class="bld">Ārammaṇaanvayena</span> <a name="P1.0260"></a> <span class="bld">ubho ekavavatthanā</span>ti paccakkhato diṭṭhassa ārammaṇassa anvayena anugamanena yathā idaṃ, tathā atītepi saṅkhāragataṃ bhijji, anāgatepi bhijjissatīti evaṃ ubhinnaṃ ekasabhāveneva vavatthāpananti attho. Vuttampi cetaṃ porāṇehi –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Saṃvijjamānamhi visuddhadassano, tadanvayaṃ neti atītanāgate;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sabbepi saṅkhāragatā palokino, ussāvabindū sūriyeva uggate’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nirodhe adhimuttatā</span>ti evaṃ ubhinnaṃ bhaṅgavasena ekavavatthānaṃ katvā tasmiṃyeva bhaṅgasaṅkhāte nirodhe adhimuttatā taggarutā tanninnatā tappoṇatā tappabbhāratāti attho. <span class="bld">Vayalakkhaṇavipassanā</span>ti esā vayalakkhaṇavipassanā nāmāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Ārammaṇañca paṭisaṅkhā</span>ti purimañca rūpādiārammaṇaṃ jānitvā. <span class="bld">Bhaṅgañca anupassatī</span>ti tassārammaṇassa bhaṅgaṃ disvā tadārammaṇassa cittassa ca bhaṅgaṃ anupassati. <span class="bld">Suññato ca upaṭṭhāna</span>nti tassevaṃ bhaṅgamanupassato ‘‘saṅkhārāva bhijjanti, tesaṃ bhedo maraṇaṃ, na añño koci atthī’’ti suññato upaṭṭhānaṃ ijjhati. Tenāhu porāṇā –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Khandhā <a name="V1.0220"></a> nirujjhanti na catthi añño, khandhāna bhedo maraṇanti vuccati;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tesaṃ khayaṃ passati appamatto, maṇiṃva vijjhaṃ vajirena yoniso’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Adhipaññā vipassanā</span>ti yā ca ārammaṇapaṭisaṅkhā, yā ca bhaṅgānupassanā, yañca suññato upaṭṭhānaṃ, ayaṃ adhipaññā vipassanā nāmāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Kusalo tīsu anupassanāsū</span>ti aniccānupassanādīsu tīsu cheko bhikkhu. <span class="bld">Catasso ca vipassanāsū</span>ti nibbidādīsu ca catūsu vipassanāsu. <span class="bld">Tayo upaṭṭhāne kusalatā</span>ti khayato vayato suññatoti imasmiñca tividhe upaṭṭhāne kusalatāya. <span class="bld">Nānādiṭṭhīsu na kampatī</span>ti sassatadiṭṭhiādīsu <a name="M1.0242"></a> nānappakārāsu diṭṭhīsu na vedhati. So evaṃ avedhamāno ‘‘aniruddhameva nirujjhati, abhinnameva bhijjatī’’ti pavattamanasikāro dubbalabhājanassa <a name="P1.0261"></a> viya bhijjamānassa, sukhumarajasseva vippakiriyamānassa, tilānaṃ viya bhajjiyamānānaṃ sabbasaṅkhārānaṃ uppādaṭṭhitipavattanimittaṃ vissajjetvā bhedameva passati. So yathā nāma cakkhumā puriso pokkharaṇītīre vā nadītīre vā ṭhito thūlaphusitake deve vassante udakapiṭṭhe mahantamahantāni udakapubbuḷāni uppajjitvā uppajjitvā sīghaṃ sīghaṃ bhijjamānāni passeyya, evameva sabbe saṅkhārā bhijjanti bhijjantīti passati. Evarūpañhi yogāvacaraṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ bhagavatā –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yathā pubbuḷakaṃ passe, yathā passe marīcikaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Evaṃ lokaṃ avekkhantaṃ, maccurājā na passatī’’ti. (dha. pa. 170);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tassevaṃ ‘‘sabbe saṅkhārā bhijjanti bhijjantī’’ti abhiṇhaṃ passato aṭṭhānisaṃsaparivāraṃ bhaṅgānupassanāñāṇaṃ balappattaṃ hoti. Tatrime aṭṭhānisaṃsā – bhavadiṭṭhippahānaṃ, jīvitanikantipariccāgo, sadāyuttapayuttatā, visuddhājīvitā, ussukkappahānaṃ, vigatabhayatā, khantisoraccapaṭilābho, aratiratisahanatāti. Tenāhu porāṇā –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Imāni aṭṭhagguṇamuttamāni, disvā tahiṃ sammasatī punappunaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Ādittacelassirasūpamo muni, bhaṅgānupassī amatassa pattiyā’’ti.</p>
<p class="centered">Bhaṅgānupassanāñāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">8. Ādīnavañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para53"></a><span class="paranum">53</span>. Ādīnavañāṇaniddese <a name="V1.0221"></a><a name="P1.0262"></a> <span class="bld">uppādo</span>ti purimakammapaccayā idha uppatti. <span class="bld">Pavatta</span>nti tathāuppannassa pavatti. <span class="bld">Nimitta</span>nti sabbampi saṅkhāranimittaṃ. <span class="bld">Āyūhanā</span>ti āyatiṃ paṭisandhihetubhūtaṃ kammaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭisandhī</span>ti āyatiṃ uppatti. <span class="bld">Gatī</span>ti yāya gatiyā sā paṭisandhi hoti. <span class="bld">Nibbattī</span>ti khandhānaṃ nibbattanaṃ. <span class="bld">Upapattī</span>ti ‘‘samāpannassa vā upapannassa vā’’ti (dha. sa. 1289) evaṃ vuttā vipākappavatti<a name="M1.0243"></a>. <span class="bld">Jātī</span>ti jarādīnaṃ paccayabhūtā bhavapaccayā jāti. Nippariyāyato tattha tattha nibbattamānānaṃ sattānaṃ ye ye khandhā pātubhavanti, tesaṃ paṭhamapātubhāvo jāti. <span class="bld">Jarā</span>ti khaṇḍiccādisammato santatiyaṃ ekabhavapariyāpannakhandhasantānassa purāṇabhāvo. <span class="bld">Soko</span>ti ñātibyasanādīhi phuṭṭhassa cittasantāpo. <span class="bld">Paridevo</span>ti ñātibyasanādīhi phuṭṭhassa vacīpalāpo. <span class="bld">Upāyāso</span>ti bhuso āyāso, ñātibyasanādīhi phuṭṭhassa adhimattacetodukkhappabhāvito dosoyeva. Ettha ca uppādādayo pañceva ādīnavañāṇassa vatthuvasena vuttā, sesā tesaṃ vevacanavasena. ‘‘Nibbatti jātī’’ti idañhi dvayaṃ uppādassa ceva paṭisandhiyā ca vevacanaṃ, ‘‘gati upapattī’’ti idaṃ dvayaṃ pavattassa, jarādayo nimittassāti. Tenāha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Uppādañca pavattañca, nimittaṃ dukkhanti passati;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Āyūhanaṃ paṭisandhiṃ, ñāṇaṃ ādīnave ida’’nti. ca</p>
<p class="gathalast">‘‘Idaṃ ādīnave ñāṇaṃ, pañcaṭhānesu jāyatī’’ti. ca</p>
<p class="unindented">Sabbapadesu ca <span class="bld">bhayanti</span> iccetassa vacanassa bhayaṃ itīti padacchedo<a name="P1.0263"></a>. <span class="bld">Bhaya</span>nti pīḷāyogato sappaṭibhayatāya bhayaṃ. <span class="bld">Itī</span>ti bhayatupaṭṭhānassa kāraṇaniddeso.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anuppādo khemanti santipade ñāṇa</span>ntiādi pana ādīnavañāṇassa paṭipakkhañāṇadassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Bhayatupaṭṭhānena vā ādīnavaṃ disvā ubbiggahadayānaṃ abhayampi atthi khemaṃ nirādīnavanti assāsajananatthampi etaṃ vuttaṃ. Yasmā vā yassa uppādādayo bhayato sūpaṭṭhitā honti, tassa tappaṭipakkhaninnaṃ cittaṃ hoti, tasmā bhayatupaṭṭhānavasena siddhassa ādīnavañāṇassa ānisaṃsadassanatthampetaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Anuppādo appavatta</span>ntiādi nibbānameva. <span class="bld">Santipade</span>ti santikoṭṭhāse, nibbāneti attho. Anussavavasenāpi hi santipadanti nāmamattaṃ gahetvā uppannaṃ ñāṇampi ‘‘santipade ñāṇa’’nti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uppādo</span> <a name="V1.0222"></a> <span class="bld">bhayaṃ, anuppādo khema</span>ntiādi vipakkhapaṭipakkhavasena ubhayaṃ samāsetvā uppajjamānaṃ ñāṇaṃ gahetvā vuttaṃ. Ettha ca yaṃ bhayaṃ, taṃ yasmā niyamato dukkhaṃ. Yañca dukkhaṃ, taṃ vaṭṭāmisalokāmisakilesāmisehi avippamuttattā sāmisameva. Yañca sāmisaṃ, taṃ saṅkhāramattameva. Tasmā <a name="M1.0244"></a> <span class="bld">uppādo dukkhanti bhayatupaṭṭhāne paññā ādīnave ñāṇa</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Evaṃ santepi bhayākārena dukkhākārena sāmisākārena saṅkhārākārenāti evaṃ ākāranānattato pavattivasenettha nānattaṃ veditabbaṃ. Uppādo bhayaṃ, dukkhaṃ, sāmisaṃ, saṅkhārā cāti uppādādiliṅgamanapekkhitvā ‘‘netaṃ kho saraṇaṃ khemaṃ, netaṃ saraṇamuttama’’ntiādīsu (dha. pa. 189) viya attano liṅgāpekkhameva vuttaṃ. Saṅkhārāti ca ekattamanapekkhitvā ‘‘appaccayā dhammā, asaṅkhatā dhammā’’tiādīsu (dha. sa. dukamātikā 7-8) viya bahuvacanaṃ kataṃ, uppādādīnaṃ vā saṅkhārekadesattā ‘‘uttare pañcālā, dakkhiṇe pañcālā’’tiādīsu viya bahunnaṃ ekadesepi bahuvacanaṃ katanti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Khemaṃ sukhaṃ nirāmisaṃ nibbāna</span>nti nibbānameva vuttākārānaṃ paṭipakkhavasena catudhā vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Dasa ñāṇe pajānātī</span>ti ādīnave ñāṇaṃ pajānanto uppādādivatthukāni <a name="P1.0264"></a> pañca, anuppādādivatthukāni pañcāti dasa ñāṇe pajānāti paṭivijjhati sacchikaroti. <span class="bld">Dvinnaṃ ñāṇānaṃ kusalatā</span>ti ādīnavañāṇassa ceva santipadañāṇassa cāti imesaṃ dvinnaṃ ñāṇānaṃ kusalatāya. <span class="bld">Nānādiṭṭhīsu na kampatī</span>ti paramadiṭṭhadhammanibbānādivasena pavattāsu diṭṭhīsu na vedhatīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Ādīnavañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">9. Saṅkhārupekkhāñāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para54"></a><span class="paranum">54</span>. Saṅkhārupekkhāñāṇaniddese <a name="P1.0265"></a> <span class="bld">uppādā</span>dīni vuttatthāneva. <span class="bld">Dukkha</span>nti <span class="bld">bhaya</span>nti <span class="bld">sāmisa</span>nti <span class="bld">saṅkhārā</span>ti uppādādimuñcanañāṇassa kāraṇavacanāni. Evañca lakkhaṇato saṅkhārupekkhaṃ dassetvā idāni atthato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">uppādo saṅkhārā, te saṅkhāre ajjhupekkhatīti saṅkhārupekkhā</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">saṅkhāre ajjhupekkhatī</span>ti tassa āraddhavipassakassa vipassanāñāṇena lakkhaṇattayassa diṭṭhattā lakkhaṇavicinane pahīnabyāpārassa āditte viya tayo bhave passato saṅkhāraggahaṇe majjhattassa taṃ vipassanāñāṇaṃ te saṅkhāre visesena ca ikkhati, gahaṇena vajjitañca hutvā ikkhati oloketīti saṅkhārupekkhā nāmāti attho. Yathā loke visesena jayanto adhijayatīti, annena vajjito vasanto upavasatīti vuccati. Puna <a name="V1.0223"></a> saṅkhāre aniccādito vipassitvā gahaṇe majjhattabhāvasaṇṭhitaṃ <a name="M1.0245"></a> saṅkhārupekkhampi aniccādito vipassitvā tassāpi saṅkhārupekkhāya gahaṇe majjhattākārasaṇṭhitāya saṅkhārupekkhāya sabbhāvato <span class="bld">ye ca saṅkhārā yā ca upekkhā</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para55"></a><span class="paranum">55</span>. Idāni saṅkhārupekkhāya cittābhinīhārabhedaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">katihākārehī</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">saṅkhārupekkhāyā</span>ti bhummavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Cittassa abhinīhāro</span>ti saṅkhārupekkhālābhino tato aññassa cittassa saṅkhārupekkhābhimukhaṃ katvā bhusaṃ haraṇaṃ. Abhimukhattho hi ettha <span class="bld">abhi</span>saddo, bhusattho <span class="bld">nī</span>saddo. <span class="bld">Katihākārehī</span>ti pucchitaṃ pucchaṃ <span class="bld">aṭṭhahākārehī</span>ti vissajjetvā dutiyapucchāvissajjaneneva te aṭṭhākāre dassetukāmo te adassetvāva <span class="bld">puthujjanassa katihākārehī</span>tiādi <a name="P1.0266"></a> pucchaṃ akāsi. <span class="bld">Puthujjanassā</span>ti ettha pana –</p>
<p class="gatha1">Duve puthujjanā vuttā, buddhenādiccabandhunā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Andho puthujjano eko, kalyāṇeko puthujjanoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha yassa khandhadhātuāyatanādīsu uggahaparipucchāsavanadhāraṇapaccavekkhaṇādīni natthi, ayaṃ andhaputhujjano. Yassa tāni atthi, so kalyāṇaputhujjano. Duvidhopi panesa –</p>
<p class="gatha1">Puthūnaṃ jananādīhi, kāraṇehi puthujjano;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Puthujjanantogadhattā, puthuvāyaṃ jano iti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">So hi puthūnaṃ nānappakārānaṃ kilesādīnaṃ jananādīhi kāraṇehi <span class="bld">puthujjano</span>. Yathāha – ‘‘puthu kilese janentīti puthujjanā, puthu avihatasakkāyadiṭṭhikāti puthujjanā, puthu satthārānaṃ mukhullokikāti puthujjanā, puthu sabbagatīhi avuṭṭhitāti puthujjanā, puthu nānābhisaṅkhāre abhisaṅkharontīti puthujjanā, puthu nānāoghehi vuyhantīti puthujjanā, puthu nānāsantāpehi santappentīti puthujjanā, puthu nānāpariḷāhehi pariḍayhantīti puthujjanā, puthu pañcasu kāmaguṇesu rattā giddhā gadhitā mucchitā ajjhosannā laggā laggitā palibuddhāti puthujjanā, puthu pañcahi nīvaraṇehi āvutā nivutā ovutā pihitā paṭicchannā paṭikujjitāti puthujjanā’’ti <a name="M1.0246"></a> (mahāni. 94). Puthūnaṃ vā gaṇanapathātītānaṃ ariyadhammaparammukhānaṃ nīcadhammasamācārānaṃ janānaṃ antogadhattāpi puthujjanā, puthu vā ayaṃ visuṃyeva saṅkhaṃ gato, visaṃsaṭṭho <a name="V1.0224"></a> sīlasutādiguṇayuttehi ariyehi janotipi puthujjano. Tesu kalyāṇaputhujjano idhādhippeto itarassa bhāvanāya eva abhāvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sekkhassā</span>ti ettha satta sekkhā sotāpattimaggaphalasakadāgāmimaggaphalaanāgāmimaggaphalaarahattamaggaṭṭhā. Te hi tisso sikkhā sikkhantīti sekkhā. Tesu sotāpattisakadāgāmianāgāmiphalaṭṭhā <a name="P1.0267"></a> tayo idhādhippetā maggaṭṭhānaṃ saṅkhārupekkhāya cittābhinīhārābhāvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vītarāgassā</span>ti ettha samucchedavigamena vigato rāgo assāti vītarāgo. Arahato etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Tīsupi padesu jātiggahaṇena ekavacanaṃ kataṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saṅkhārupekkhaṃ abhinandatī</span>ti tasmiṃ upekkhāvihāre phāsuvihārasaññaṃ paṭilabhitvā phāsuvihāranikantiyā saṅkhārupekkhābhimukho hutvā nandati, sappītikaṃ taṇhaṃ uppādetīti attho. <span class="bld">Vipassatī</span>ti sotāpattimaggapaṭilābhatthaṃ aniccādivasena vividhā passati, sekkho uparimaggatthaṃ, vītarāgo diṭṭhadhammasukhavihāratthaṃ vipassati. <span class="bld">Paṭisaṅkhāyā</span>ti aniccādivaseneva upaparikkhitvā. Yasmā pana sotāpannādayo ariyā sakaṃ sakaṃ phalasamāpattiṃ samāpajjamānā udayabbayañāṇādīhi navahi vipassanāñāṇehi avipassitvā samāpajjituṃ na sakkonti, tasmā <span class="bld">paṭisaṅkhāya vā phalasamāpattiṃ samāpajjatī</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Phalasamāpattiyā pavattidassanatthaṃ pana tesaṃ idaṃ pañhakammaṃ – kā phalasamāpatti? Ke taṃ samāpajjanti? Ke na samāpajjanti? Kasmā samāpajjanti? Kathañcassā samāpajjanaṃ hoti? Kathaṃ ṭhānaṃ? Kathaṃ vuṭṭhānaṃ? Kiṃ phalassa anantaraṃ? Kassa ca phalaṃ anantaranti?</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">kā phalasamāpattī</span>ti? Yā ariyaphalassa nirodhe appanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ke taṃ samāpajjanti? Ke na samāpajjantī</span>ti? Sabbepi puthujjanā na samāpajjanti. Kasmā? Anadhigatattā. Ariyā pana sabbepi samāpajjanti. Kasmā<a name="M1.0247"></a>? Adhigatattā. Uparimā pana heṭṭhimaṃ na samāpajjanti puggalantarabhāvūpagamanena paṭippassaddhattā, heṭṭhimā ca uparimaṃ anadhigatattā. Attano attanoyeva pana phalaṃ sabbepi samāpajjantīti idamettha sanniṭṭhānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Keci <a name="V1.0225"></a> pana ‘‘sotāpannasakadāgāminopi na samāpajjanti, uparimā dveyeva samāpajjantī’’ti vadanti. Idañca nesaṃ kāraṇaṃ – ete hi samādhismiṃ paripūrakārinoti. Taṃ puthujjanassāpi attanā paṭiladdhaṃ lokiyasamādhiṃ samāpajjanato akāraṇameva. Kiñcettha kāraṇākāraṇacintāya. Nanu idheva pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘katame dasa saṅkhārupekkhā vipassanāvasena <a name="P1.0268"></a> uppajjanti, katame dasa gotrabhudhammā vipassanāvasena uppajjantī’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.60) imesaṃ pañhānaṃ vissajjane ‘‘sotāpattiphalasamāpattatthāya sakadāgāmiphalasamāpattatthāyā’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.60) visuṃ visuṃ vuttā. Tasmā sabbepi ariyā attano attano phalaṃ samāpajjantīti niṭṭhamettha gantabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kasmā samāpajjantī</span>ti? Diṭṭhadhammasukhavihāratthaṃ. Yathā hi rājāno rajjasukhaṃ, devatā dibbasukhamanubhavanti, evaṃ ariyā ‘‘lokuttarasukhaṃ anubhavissāmā’’ti addhānaparicchedaṃ katvā icchiticchitakkhaṇe phalasamāpattiṃ samāpajjanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kathañcassā samāpajjanaṃ hoti, kathaṃ ṭhānaṃ, kathaṃ vuṭṭhāna</span>nti? Dvīhi tāva ākārehi assā samāpajjanaṃ hoti nibbānato aññassa ārammaṇassa amanasikārā, nibbānassa ca manasikārā. Yathāha – ‘‘dve kho, āvuso, paccayā animittāya cetovimuttiyā samāpattiyā sabbanimittānañca amanasikāro, animittāya ca dhātuyā manasikāro’’ti (ma. ni. 1.458). Ayaṃ panettha samāpajjanakkamo – phalasamāpattatthikena hi ariyasāvakena rahogatena paṭisallīnena udayabbayādivasena saṅkhārā vipassitabbā. Tassa pavattānupubbavipassanassa saṅkhārārammaṇagotrabhuñāṇānantaraṃ phalasamāpattivasena nirodhe cittaṃ appeti. Phalasamāpattininnatāya cettha sekkhassāpi phalameva uppajjati, na maggo. Ye pana vadanti ‘‘sotāpanno ‘phalasamāpattiṃ samāpajjissāmī’ti vipassanaṃ paṭṭhapetvā sakadāgāmī hoti, sakadāgāmī ca anāgāmī’’ti. Te vattabbā ‘‘evaṃ sati anāgāmī arahā bhavissati, arahā paccekabuddho, paccekabuddho ca buddho’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tasmā <a name="M1.0248"></a> na kiñci etaṃ, pāḷivaseneva ca paṭikkhittantipi na gahetabbaṃ. Idameva pana gahetabbaṃ. Sekkhassāpi phalameva uppajjati, na maggo. Phalañcassa sace anena paṭhamajjhāniko maggo adhigato hoti, paṭhamajjhānikameva uppajjati, sace dutiyādīsu aññatarajjhāniko, dutiyādīsu aññatarajjhānikamevāti evaṃ tāvassā samāpajjanaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Tayo <a name="V1.0226"></a> kho, āvuso, paccayā animittāya cetovimuttiyā ṭhitiyā <a name="P1.0269"></a> sabbanimittānañca amanasikāro, animittāya ca dhātuyā manasikāro, pubbe ca abhisaṅkhāro’’ti (ma. ni. 1.458) vacanato panassā tīhākārehi ṭhānaṃ hoti. Tattha <span class="bld">pubbe ca abhisaṅkhāro</span>ti samāpattito pubbe kālaparicchedo. ‘‘Asukasmiṃ nāma kāle vuṭṭhahissāmī’’ti paricchinnattā hissā yāva so kālo nāgacchati, tāva ṭhānaṃ hoti. Evamassa ṭhānaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Dve kho, āvuso, paccayā animittāya cetovimuttiyā vuṭṭhānāya sabbanimittānañca manasikāro, animittāya ca dhātuyā amanasikāro’’ti (ma. ni. 1.458) vacanato panassā dvīhākārehi vuṭṭhānaṃ hoti. Tattha <span class="bld">sabbanimittāna</span>nti rūpanimittavedanāsaññāsaṅkhāraviññāṇanimittānaṃ. Kāmañca na sabbānevetāni ekato manasi karoti, sabbasaṅgāhikavasena panetaṃ vuttaṃ. Tasmā yaṃ bhavaṅgassa ārammaṇaṃ hoti, taṃ manasikaroto phalasamāpattito vuṭṭhānaṃ hotīti evamassā vuṭṭhānaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kiṃ phalassa anantaraṃ, kassa ca phalaṃ anantara</span>nti? Phalassa tāva phalameva vā anantaraṃ hoti bhavaṅgaṃ vā. Phalaṃ pana atthi maggānantaraṃ, atthi phalānantaraṃ, atthi gotrabhuanantaraṃ, atthi nevasaññānāsaññāyatanānantaranti. Tattha maggavīthiyaṃ maggānantaraṃ, purimassa purimassa pacchimaṃ pacchimaṃ phalānantaraṃ, phalasamāpattīsu purimaṃ purimaṃ gotrabhuanantaraṃ. <span class="bld">Gotrabhū</span>ti cettha anulomaṃ veditabbaṃ. Vuttañhetaṃ paṭṭhāne ‘‘arahato anulomaṃ phalasamāpattiyā anantarapaccayena paccayo. Sekkhānaṃ anulomaṃ phalasamāpattiyā anantarapaccayena paccayo’’ti (paṭṭhā. 1.1.417). Yena phalena nirodhā vuṭṭhānaṃ hoti, taṃ nevasaññānāsaññāyatanānantaranti. Tattha ṭhapetvā maggavīthiyaṃ uppannaphalaṃ avasesaṃ <a name="M1.0249"></a> sabbaṃ phalasamāpattivasena pavattaṃ nāma. Evametaṃ maggavīthiyaṃ vā phalasamāpattiyaṃ vā uppajjanavasena –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Paṭippassaddhadarathaṃ, amatārammaṇaṃ subhaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Vantalokāmisaṃ santaṃ, sāmaññaphalamuttama’’nti.</p>
<p class="centered">Ayamettha phalasamāpattikathā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tadajjhupekkhitvā</span>ti <a name="V1.0227"></a><a name="P1.0270"></a> taṃ saṅkhārupekkhaṃ aññena tādiseneva vipassanāñāṇena ajjhupekkhitvā. <span class="bld">Suññatavihārena vā</span>tiādīsu phalasamāpattiṃ vinā vipassanāvihāreneva viharitukāmassa arahato attābhinivesaṃ bhayato disvā suññatādhimuttassa saṅkhārupekkhāya vayaṃ passantassa vipassanattayavihāro suññatavihāro nāma, saṅkhāranimittaṃ bhayato disvā animittādhimuttassa saṅkhārupekkhāya vayaṃ passantassa vipassanattayavihāro animittavihāro nāma, taṇhāpaṇidhiṃ bhayato disvā appaṇihitādhimuttassa saṅkhārupekkhāya vayaṃ passantassa vipassanattayavihāro appaṇihitavihāro nāma. Tathā hi parato vuttaṃ –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Abhinivesaṃ bhayato sampassamāno suññate adhimuttattā phussa phussa vayaṃ passati, suññato vihāro. Nimittaṃ bhayato sampassamāno animitte adhimuttattā phussa phussa vayaṃ passati, animitto vihāro. Paṇidhiṃ bhayato sampassamāno appaṇihite adhimuttattā phussa phussa vayaṃ passati, appaṇihito vihāro’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.78).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Chaḷaṅgupekkhāsabbhāvena ca paṭikūle appaṭikūlasaññādivihārasabbhāvena ca arahatoyeva sabbākārena cittaṃ vase vattati, tato ayaṃ vipassanāvihāro arahatoyeva ijjhatīti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Vītarāgo saṅkhārupekkhaṃ vipassati vā</span>ti ettha pana tidhā ca bhayaṃ, tidhā ca adhimuttiṃ anāpajjitvā kevalaṃ vipassanāti veditabbā. Evañhi sati pubbāparaviseso hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para56"></a><span class="paranum">56</span>. Idāni dvinnaṃ tiṇṇaṃ puggalānaṃ vasena saṅkhārupekkhāya ekattanānattabhedaṃ dassetukāmo <span class="bld">kathaṃ puthujjanassa ca sekkhassa cā</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <a name="M1.0250"></a> <span class="bld">cittassa abhinīhāro ekattaṃ hotī</span>ti eko hoti, sakatthe bhāvavacananti veditabbaṃ. Yathā idappaccayā eva idappaccayatāti vuttaṃ, tathā ekova ekattaṃ. <span class="bld">Abhinīhāro</span>ti sāmiatthe paccattavacanaṃ vā, abhinīhārassāti attho. ‘‘So deso sammajjitvā’’tiādīsu (mahāva. 168) viya vibhattivipallāso katoti veditabbo. <span class="bld">Cittaṃ kilissatī</span>ti vipassanānikantisaṅkhātena lobhakilesena cittaṃ kilissati, tāpīyati bādhīyatīti attho. <span class="bld">Bhāvanāya paripantho hotī</span>ti paṭiladdhāya vipassanābhāvanāya <a name="P1.0271"></a> upaghāto hoti. <span class="bld">Paṭivedhassa antarāyo hotī</span>ti vipassanābhāvanāya paṭilabhitabbassa saccappaṭivedhassa paṭilābhantarāyo hoti. <span class="bld">Āyatiṃ paṭisandhiyā paccayo hotī</span>ti saṅkhārupekkhāsampayuttakammassa balavattā teneva sugatipaṭisandhiyā dīyamānāya atinandanasaṅkhāto lobhakileso anāgate kāmāvacarasugatipaṭisandhiyā paccayo hoti<a name="V1.0228"></a>. Yasmā kilesasahāyaṃ kammaṃ vipākaṃ janeti, tasmā kammaṃ janakapaccayo hoti, kileso upatthambhakapaccayo. Sekkhassa pana <span class="bld">uttaripaṭivedhassā</span>ti sakadāgāmimaggādivasena saccappaṭivedhassa. <span class="bld">Āyatiṃ paṭisandhiyā paccayo hotī</span>ti sekkhesu sotāpannasakadāgāmīnaṃ anadhigatajjhānānaṃ saṅkhārupekkhākammena dīyamānāya kāmāvacarasugatipaṭisandhiyā abhinandanakileso paccayo hoti, jhānalābhīnaṃ pana anāgāmissa ca brahmalokeyeva paṭisandhānato paccayo na hoti, anulomagotrabhūhi ca dīyamānāya paṭisandhiyā ayameva kileso paccayo hotīti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aniccato</span>ti hutvā abhāvaṭṭhena aniccantikatāya ādiantavantatāya ca aniccato. <span class="bld">Dukkhato</span>ti abhiṇhaṃ paṭipīḷanaṭṭhena uppādavayapaṭipīḷanatāya dukkhavatthutāya ca dukkhato. <span class="bld">Anattato</span>ti avasavattanaṭṭhena paccayāyattavuttitāya sāminivāsīkārakavedakābhāvena ca anattato. <span class="bld">Anupassanaṭṭhenā</span>ti anu anu aniccādito passanaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Abhinīhāro nānattaṃ hotī</span>ti abhinīhāro nānā hotīti vā abhinīhārassa nānābhāvo hotīti vā veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kusalā</span>ti ārogyaṭṭhena anavajjaṭṭhena kosallasambhūtaṭṭhena ca. <span class="bld">Abyākatā</span>ti kusalākusalabhāvena na byākatā. <span class="bld">Kiñcikāle suviditā</span>ti <a name="M1.0251"></a> vipassanākāle suṭṭhu viditā. <span class="bld">Kiñcikāle na suviditā</span>ti abhinandanakāle na suṭṭhu viditā. <span class="bld">Accantaṃ suviditā</span>ti abhinandanāya pahīnattā ekantena suviditā. <span class="bld">Viditaṭṭhena ca aviditaṭṭhena cā</span>ti ettha puthujjanasekkhānaṃ suviditaṭṭhopi vītarāgassa accantasuviditaṭṭhopi viditaṭṭhova hoti, dvinnampi na suviditaṭṭho aviditaṭṭhova.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Atittattā</span>ti vipassanāya karaṇīyassa apariyositattā appaṇītabhāvena. Tabbiparītena <span class="bld">tittattā. Tiṇṇaṃ saññojanānaṃ pahānāyā</span>ti sakkāyadiṭṭhivicikicchāsīlabbataparāmāsānaṃ <a name="P1.0272"></a> pahānatthaṃ. Pacchimabhavikāpi bodhisattā ettheva saṅgahaṃ gacchanti. Apacchimabhavikā pana vipassanaṃ saṅkhārupekkhaṃ pāpetvā ṭhapenti. <span class="bld">Sotāpattimaggaṃ paṭilābhatthāyā</span>ti asamāsetvā paṭhanti, samāsetvā pāṭho sundarataro. <span class="bld">Sekkho tiṇṇaṃ saññojanānaṃ pahīnattā</span>ti sotāpannasakadāgāmianāgāmīnaṃ sāmaññena vuttaṃ. Sakadāgāmianāgāmīnampi hi tāni pahīnāneva. <span class="bld">Uttaripaṭilābhatthāyā</span>ti uparūparimaggapaṭilābhatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhadhammasukhavihāratthāyā</span>ti diṭṭheva dhamme paccakkhe attabhāve yo sukho vihāro, tadatthāya. <span class="bld">Vihārasamāpattaṭṭhenā</span>ti sekkhassa phalasamāpattaṭṭhena, vītarāgassa vipassanāvihāraphalasamāpattaṭṭhena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para57"></a><span class="paranum">57</span>. Idāni <a name="V1.0229"></a> saṅkhārupekkhānaṃ gaṇanaparicchedaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">kati saṅkhārupekkhā</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">samathavasenā</span>ti samādhivasena. Ayameva vā pāṭho. <span class="bld">Nīvaraṇe paṭisaṅkhā</span>ti pañca nīvaraṇāni pahātabbabhāvena pariggahetvā. <span class="bld">Santiṭṭhanā</span>ti nīvaraṇānaṃ pahānābhimukhībhūtattā tesaṃ pahānepi abyāpārabhāvūpagamanena majjhattatāya santiṭṭhanā. <span class="bld">Saṅkhārupekkhāsū</span>ti nīvaraṇappahāne byāpārākaraṇena nīvaraṇasaṅkhātānaṃ saṅkhārānaṃ upekkhanāsu. Esa nayo vitakkavicārādīsu ca. Samathe saṅkhārupekkhā nāma appanāvīthiyā āsannapubbabhāge balappattabhāvanāmayañāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Sotāpattimaggaṃ paṭilābhatthāyā</span>tiādīsu catūsu maggavāresu suññatānimittaappaṇihitamaggānaṃ aññataraññataro maggo labbhati. <span class="bld">Sotāpattiphalasamāpattatthāyā</span>tiādīsu catūsu phalavāresu pana appaṇihitā phalasamāpatti veditabbā. Kasmā? ‘‘Suññatavihārasamāpattatthāya animittavihārasamāpattatthāyā’’ti <a name="M1.0252"></a> itarāsaṃ dvinnaṃ phalasamāpattīnaṃ visuṃ vuttattā. Aniccānupassanāvuṭṭhānavasena hi animittamaggo, tatheva phalasamāpattikāle animittaphalasamāpatti, dukkhānupassanāvuṭṭhānavasena appaṇihitamaggaphalasamāpattiyo, anattānupassanāvuṭṭhānavasena suññatamaggaphalasamāpattiyo suttantanayeneva veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca catūsu maggavāresu <span class="bld">uppāda</span>ntiādīni pañca <a name="P1.0273"></a> mūlapadāni, <span class="bld">gati</span>ntiādīni dasa vevacanapadānīti pannarasa padāni vuttāni. Chasu pana phalasamāpattivāresu pañca mūlapadāneva vuttāni. Taṃ kasmā iti ce? Saṅkhārupekkhāya tikkhabhāve sati kilesappahāne samatthassa maggassa sambhavato tassā tikkhabhāvadassanatthaṃ vevacanapadehi saha daḷhaṃ katvā mūlapadāni vuttāni. Phalassa nirussāhabhāvena santasabhāvattā maggāyattattā ca mandabhūtāpi saṅkhārupekkhā phalassa paccayo hotīti dassanatthaṃ mūlapadāneva vuttānīti veditabbāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para58"></a><span class="paranum">58</span>. Idāni jātivasena pucchitvā labbhamānavasena vissajjetuṃ <span class="bld">kati saṅkhārupekkhā kusalā</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">pannarasa saṅkhārupekkhā</span>ti samathavasena aṭṭha, catunnaṃ maggānaṃ tiṇṇaṃ phalānaṃ vasena sattāti pannarasa. Samathavasena aṭṭha saṅkhārupekkhā arahato nīvaraṇapaṭisaṅkhāabhāvato, vitakkavicārādīnaṃ pahānabyāpāraṃ vinā sukhena pahānato ca saṅkhārupekkhānāmassa ananurūpāti katvā tāsaṃ abyākatatā na vuttāti veditabbā. Arahatā pana phalasamāpattiṃ samāpajjantena saṅkhārupekkhaṃ vinā samāpajjituṃ na sakkāti tisso saṅkhārupekkhā abyākatāti vuttā. Appaṇihitasuññatānimittavasena hi arahato tisso saṅkhārupekkhā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni saṅkhārupekkhānaṃ saṃvaṇṇanāvasena vuttāsu tīsu gāthāsu <span class="bld">paṭisaṅkhāsantiṭṭhanā paññā</span>ti saṅkhārupekkhā<a name="V1.0230"></a>. <span class="bld">Aṭṭha cittassa gocarā</span>ti samathavasena vuttā aṭṭha saṅkhārupekkhā samādhissa visayā, bhūmiyoti attho. ‘‘Cittaṃ paññañca bhāvaya’’ntiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 1.23, 192) viya cittasīsena samādhi niddiṭṭho, ‘‘gocare, bhikkhave, caratha sake pettike visaye’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 5.372) viya gocarasaddena visayo. Yañhi yadāyattaṃ, tasseso visayoti vuccati. <span class="bld">Puthujjanassa dve</span>ti samathavasena vipassanāvasena ca. <span class="bld">Tayo</span> <span class="bld">sekkhassā</span>ti <a name="M1.0253"></a> samathavipassanāsamāpattivasena. <span class="bld">Tayo ca vītarāgassā</span>ti appaṇihitasuññatānimittaphalasamāpattivasena. ‘‘Tisso’’ti vattabbe ‘‘tayo’’ti ca liṅgavipallāso kato. Tayo saṅkhārupekkhā dhammāti vā yojetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Yehi cittaṃ vivaṭṭatī</span>ti yehi saṅkhārupekkhādhammehi vitakkavicārādito, uppādādito vā cittaṃ apagacchati. Vītarāgassāpi hi saṅkhārupekkhāsabbhāvato <a name="P1.0274"></a> ca saṅkhārato cittaṃ vivaṭṭitvā nibbānaṃ pakkhandatīti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Aṭṭha samādhissa paccayā</span>ti samathavasena vuttā aṭṭha appanāsampāpakattā appanāsamādhissa paccayā. <span class="bld">Dasa ñāṇassa gocarā</span>ti vipassanāvasena vuttā dasa maggañāṇassa phalañāṇassa ca bhūmiyo. <span class="bld">Tiṇṇaṃ vimokkhāna paccayā</span>ti suññatānimittaappaṇihitavimokkhānaṃ upanissayapaccayā. <span class="bld">Nānādiṭṭhīsu na kampatī</span>ti bhaṅgaṃ avissajjitvāva saṅkhāre aniccādivasena vipassanto sassatadiṭṭhiādīsu nānappakārāsu diṭṭhīsu na vedhatīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Saṅkhārupekkhāñāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">10. Gotrabhuñāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para59"></a><span class="paranum">59</span>. Gotrabhuñāṇaniddese <a name="P1.0275"></a> <span class="bld">abhibhuyyatī</span>ti abhibhavati atikkamati. <span class="bld">Bahiddhā saṅkhāranimitta</span>nti sakasantānappavattaakusalakkhandhato bahiddhābhūtaṃ saṅkhāranimittaṃ. Lokikasaṅkhārā hi kilesānaṃ nimittattā, nimittākārena upaṭṭhānato vā nimittanti vuccanti. <span class="bld">Abhibhuyyatīti gotrabhū</span>ti ca puthujjanagottābhibhavanato <a name="V1.0231"></a> gotrabhubhāvo vutto. <span class="bld">Pakkhandatīti gotrabhū</span>ti ariyagottabhāvanato gotrabhubhāvo vutto. <span class="bld">Abhibhuyyitvā pakkhandatīti gotrabhū</span>ti ubho atthe samāsetvā vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Vuṭṭhātīti gotrabhū</span>ti ca <span class="bld">vivaṭṭatīti gotrabhū</span>ti ca mātikāya vuṭṭhānavivaṭṭanapadānurūpena puthujjanagottābhibhavanatthoyeva vutto. Samathavasena vuttagotrabhūnaṃ pana nīvaraṇādigottābhibhavanato gotrabhūti, ‘‘sotāpattiphalasamāpattatthāyā’’tiādīsu chasu samāpattivāresu uppādādigottābhibhavanato gotrabhūti, ‘‘sakadāgāmimaggaṃ paṭilābhatthāyā’’tiādīsu tīsu maggavāresu sotāpannādigottābhibhavanato gotrabhūti <a name="M1.0254"></a> attho veditabbo. Gottattho cettha bījattho. Vattanipakaraṇe kira vuttaṃ – gottaṃ vuccati nibbānaṃ sabbaparipanthehi guttattā, taṃ paṭipajjatīti gotrabhūti, aṭṭha samāpattiyopi gottaṃ gotrabhuparipanthehi guttattā, taṃ gottaṃ paṭipajjatīti gotrabhūti vuttaṃ. ‘‘Catunnaṃ maggānaṃyeva gotrabhu nibbānārammaṇaṃ, catassannaṃ phalasamāpattīnaṃ gotrabhu saṅkhārārammaṇaṃ phalasamāpattininnattā’’ti vadanti. Vuttañhetaṃ visuddhimagge – ‘‘tassa pavattānupubbavipassanassa saṅkhārārammaṇagotrabhuñāṇānantaraṃ <a name="P1.0276"></a> phalasamāpattivasena nirodhe cittaṃ appetī’’ti (visuddhi. 2.863). Tenevettha maggavāresu soḷasamaṃ katvā gahitassa bahiddhāsaṅkhāranimittapadassa samāpattivāresu chaṭṭhaṃ katvā gahaṇaṃ na katanti veditabbaṃ. Itarathā hi mūlapadagahaṇena gahetabbaṃ bhaveyya.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aññe pana ‘‘yo nibbāne paṭhamābhogo paṭhamasamannāhāro, ayaṃ vuccati gotrabhū’’ti vadanti. Taṃ phalaṃ sandhāya na yujjati. <span class="bld">Pannarasa gotrabhudhammā kusalā</span>ti ettha arahato abhibhavitabbanīvaraṇābhāvato vitakkavicārādīnaṃ sukheneva pahātabbabhāvato ca abhibhavanaṭṭhena gotrabhunāmaṃ nārahantīti katvā gotrabhūnaṃ abyākatatā na vuttāti veditabbā. Arahatā pana phalasamāpattiṃ samāpajjantena saṅkhāre anabhibhuyya samāpajjituṃ na sakkāti ‘‘tayo gotrabhudhammā abyākatā’’ti vuttā. Keci pana ‘‘aṭṭha samāpattiyo nibbedhabhāgiyā eva idha niddiṭṭhā, tasmā aṭṭha samāpattigotrabhū kusalā hontī’’ti vadanti. Tathā saṅkhārupekkhāyapi veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para60"></a><span class="paranum">60</span>. <span class="bld">Sāmisañcā</span>tiādīsu vaṭṭāmisalokāmisakilesāmisānaṃ kilesāmisena sāmisaṃ sanikantikattā. Kiṃ taṃ? Aṭṭhavidhaṃ samathagotrabhuñāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Vaṭṭāmisa</span>nti cettha tebhūmakavaṭṭameva. <span class="bld">Lokāmisa</span>nti pañca kāmaguṇā. <span class="bld">Kilesāmisa</span>nti kilesā eva. <span class="bld">Nirāmisa</span>nti dasavidhaṃ vipassanāgotrabhuñāṇaṃ anikantikattā. Na hi ariyā gotrabhusmiṃ nikantiṃ karonti. Potthake ‘‘sāmisañce’’ti likhanti, taṃ na sundarataraṃ. Evameva paṇihitañca appaṇihitaṃ saññuttañca visaññuttaṃ vuṭṭhitañca avuṭṭhitaṃ veditabbaṃ. Nikantipaṇidhiyā hi <span class="bld">paṇihitaṃ</span> patthitanti attho. Tadabhāvena <span class="bld">appaṇihitaṃ</span><a name="M1.0255"></a>. Nikantisaññogeneva <span class="bld">saññuttaṃ</span>. Tadabhāvena <span class="bld">visaññuttaṃ. Vuṭṭhita</span>nti vipassanāgotrabhuñāṇameva. Tañhi nikanticchedakattā vuṭṭhitaṃ nāma. Itaraṃ <span class="bld">avuṭṭhitaṃ</span>. Bahiddhā vuṭṭhānattā vā vuṭṭhitaṃ. Phalagotrabhupi hi nibbānajjhāsayavasena nibbānābhimukhībhūtattā <a name="P1.0277"></a> bahiddhāsaṅkhāranimittā vuṭṭhitaṃ nāmāti veditabbaṃ. Heṭṭhābhibhavanavuṭṭhānavivaṭṭanavāresupi phalagotrabhu <a name="V1.0232"></a> ajjhāsayavasena nibbānābhimukhībhūtattā abhibhuyyati vuṭṭhāti vivaṭṭatīti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Tiṇṇaṃ vimokkhāna paccayā</span>ti tiṇṇaṃ lokuttaravimokkhānaṃ samathagotrabhu pakatūpanissayapaccayā honti, vipassanāgotrabhu anantarasamanantarūpanissayapaccayā honti. <span class="bld">Paññā yassa pariccitā</span>ti pubbabhāgapaññā yassa paricitā pariciṇṇā. <span class="bld">Kusalo vivaṭṭe vuṭṭhāne</span>ti asammohavaseneva vivaṭṭasaṅkhāte gotrabhuñāṇe kusalo cheko, pubbabhāgañāṇena vā kusalo. <span class="bld">Nānādiṭṭhīsu na kampatī</span>ti samucchedena pahīnāsu nānappakārāsu diṭṭhīsu na vedhatīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Gotrabhuñāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">11. Maggañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para61"></a><span class="paranum">61</span>. Maggañāṇaniddese <a name="P1.0278"></a> <span class="bld">micchādiṭṭhiyā vuṭṭhātī</span>ti diṭṭhānusayappahānena samucchedavasena dvāsaṭṭhibhedato micchādiṭṭhito vuṭṭhāti. <span class="bld">Tadanuvattakakilesehī</span>ti micchādiṭṭhisampayogavasena ca micchādiṭṭhiupanissayena ca uppajjamānehi micchādiṭṭhianuvattamānehi nānāvidhehi kilesehi. Tena tadekaṭṭhakilesappahānaṃ vuttaṃ hoti. Duvidhañhi ekaṭṭhaṃ sahajekaṭṭhaṃ pahānekaṭṭhañca. Tāya diṭṭhiyā saha ekasmiṃ citte, ekasmiṃ puggale vā yāva pahānā ṭhitāti tadekaṭṭhā. Diṭṭhiyā hi pahīyamānāya diṭṭhisampayuttesu dvīsu asaṅkhārikacittesu tāya diṭṭhiyā sahajātā lobho moho uddhaccaṃ ahirikaṃ anottappanti ime kilesā, dvīsu sasaṅkhārikacittesu tāya diṭṭhiyā sahajātā lobho moho thinaṃ uddhaccaṃ ahirikaṃ anottappanti ime kilesā <span class="bld">sahajekaṭṭhavasena</span> pahīyanti. Diṭṭhikileseyeva pahīyamāne tena saha ekasmiṃ puggale ṭhitā apāyagamanīyā lobho doso moho māno vicikicchā thinaṃ <a name="M1.0256"></a> uddhaccaṃ ahirikaṃ anottappanti ime kilesā <span class="bld">pahānekaṭṭhavasena</span> pahīyanti. <span class="bld">Khandhehī</span>ti tadanuvattakeheva khandhehi, taṃ diṭṭhiṃ anuvattamānehi sahajekaṭṭhehi ca pahānekaṭṭhehi ca catūhi arūpakkhandhehi, taṃsamuṭṭhānarūpehi vā saha pañcahi khandhehi micchādiṭṭhiādikilesapaccayā anāgate uppajjitabbehi vipākakkhandhehi. <span class="bld">Bahiddhā ca sabbanimittehī</span>ti yathāvuttakilesakkhandhato bahibhūtehi sabbasaṅkhāranimittehi. <span class="bld">Micchāsaṅkappā vuṭṭhātī</span>ti sotāpattimaggena pahātabbesu catūsu diṭṭhisampayuttesu, vicikicchāsahagate cāti pañcasu cittesu apāyagamanīyasesākusalacittesu ca micchāsaṅkappā vuṭṭhāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Micchāvācāya vuṭṭhātī</span>ti musāvādato ceva apāyagamanīyapisuṇapharusasamphappalāpehi ca vuṭṭhāti<a name="V1.0233"></a>. <span class="bld">Micchākammantā vuṭṭhātī</span>ti pāṇātipātādinnādānamicchācārehi vuṭṭhāti. <span class="bld">Micchāājīvā</span> <a name="P1.0279"></a> <span class="bld">vuṭṭhātī</span>ti kuhanā lapanā nemittikatā nippesikatā lābhenalābhaṃnijigīsanatā, ājīvahetukehi vā sattahipi kāyavacīkammehi vuṭṭhāti. Micchāvāyāmamicchāsatimicchāsamādhīhi vuṭṭhānaṃ micchāsaṅkappavuṭṭhāne vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Micchāsatī</span>ti ca satiyā paṭipakkhākārena uppajjamānā akusalacittuppādamattameva. Uparimaggattaye ‘‘dassanaṭṭhena sammādiṭṭhī’’tiādīni aṭṭha maggaṅgāni yathā paṭhamajjhānike paṭhamamagge labbhanti, tatheva labbhanti. Tattha paṭhamamagge sammādiṭṭhi micchādiṭṭhiṃ pajahatīti sammādiṭṭhi. Sammāsaṅkappādayopi micchāsaṅkappādīnaṃ pajahanaṭṭheneva veditabbā. Evaṃ sante paṭhamamaggeneva dvāsaṭṭhiyā diṭṭhigatānaṃ pahīnattā uparimaggattayena pahātabbā diṭṭhi nāma natthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha sammādiṭṭhīti nāmaṃ kathaṃ hotīti? Yathā visaṃ atthi vā hotu mā vā, agado agadotveva vuccati, evaṃ micchādiṭṭhi atthi vā hotu mā vā, ayaṃ sammādiṭṭhi eva nāma. Yadi evaṃ nāmamattamevetaṃ hoti, uparimaggattaye pana sammādiṭṭhiyā kiccābhāvo āpajjati, maggaṅgāni na paripūrenti. Tasmā sammādiṭṭhi sakiccakā kātabbā, maggaṅgāni paripūretabbānīti. Sakiccakā cettha sammādiṭṭhi yathālābhaniyamena dīpetabbā. Uparimaggattayavajjho hi eko māno atthi, so diṭṭhiṭṭhāne tiṭṭhati, sā taṃ mānaṃ pajahatīti sammādiṭṭhi. Sotāpattimaggasmiñhi sammādiṭṭhi micchādiṭṭhiṃ <a name="M1.0257"></a> pajahati. Sotāpannassa pana sakadāgāmimaggavajjho māno atthi, taṃ mānaṃ pajahatīti sammādiṭṭhi. Tasseva sattaakusalacittasahajāto saṅkappo atthi, teheva cittehi vācaṅgacopanaṃ atthi, kāyaṅgacopanaṃ atthi, paccayaparibhogo atthi, sahajātavāyāmo atthi, assatiyabhāvo atthi, sahajātacittekaggatā atthi, ete micchāsaṅkappādayo nāma. Sakadāgāmimagge sammāsaṅkappādayo tesaṃ pahānena sammāsaṅkappādayoti veditabbā. Evaṃ sakadāgāmimagge <a name="P1.0280"></a> aṭṭhaṅgāni sakiccakāni honti. Sakadāgāmissa anāgāmimaggavajjho māno atthi, so diṭṭhiṭṭhāne tiṭṭhati. Tasseva sattahi cittehi sahajātā saṅkappādayo atthi. Tesaṃ pahānena anāgāmimagge aṭṭhannaṃ aṅgānaṃ sakiccakatā veditabbā. Anāgāmissa arahattamaggavajjho māno atthi, so diṭṭhiṭṭhāne tiṭṭhati. Yāni panassa pañca akusalacittāni, tehi sahajātā saṅkappādayo atthi. Tesaṃ pahānena arahattamagge aṭṭhannaṃ aṅgānaṃ sakiccakatā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Oḷārikā</span>ti kāyavacīdvāre vītikkamassa paccayabhāvena thūlabhūtamhā. <span class="bld">Kāmarāgasaññojanā</span>ti methunarāgasaṅkhātā saññojanā. So hi kāmabhave saññojetīti saññojananti <a name="V1.0234"></a> vuccati. <span class="bld">Paṭighasaññojanā</span>ti byāpādasaññojanā. So hi ārammaṇe paṭihaññatīti paṭighanti vuccati. Te eva thāmagataṭṭhena santāne anusentīti <span class="bld">anusayā. Aṇusahagatā</span>ti aṇubhūtā, sukhumabhūtāti attho. Tabbhāve hi ettha sahagatasaddo. Sakadāgāmissa hi kāmarāgabyāpādā dvīhi kāraṇehi aṇubhūtā adhiccuppattiyā ca pariyuṭṭhānamandatāya ca. Tassa hi bālaputhujjanassa viya kilesā abhiṇhaṃ na uppajjanti, kadāci karahaci uppajjanti. Uppajjamānā ca bālaputhujjanassa viya maddantā pharantā chādentā andhaandhaṃ karontā na uppajjanti, dvīhi pana maggehi pahīnattā mandamandā tanukākārā hutvā uppajjanti, vītikkamaṃ pāpetuṃ samatthā na honti. Evaṃ tanubhūtā anāgāmimaggena pahīyanti <span class="bld">rūparāgā</span>ti rūpabhave chandarāgā. <span class="bld">Arūparāgā</span>ti arūpabhave chandarāgā. <span class="bld">Mānā</span>ti unnatilakkhaṇā. <span class="bld">Uddhaccā</span>ti avūpasamalakkhaṇā. <span class="bld">Avijjāyā</span>ti andhalakkhaṇāya. <span class="bld">Bhavarāgānusayā</span>ti rūparāgārūparāgavasena pavattabhavarāgānusayā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para62"></a><span class="paranum">62</span>. Idāni maggañāṇasaṃvaṇṇanaṃ karonto <span class="bld">ajātaṃ jhāpetī</span>tiādimāha. Tattha ca <span class="bld">ajātaṃ jhāpeti jātena, jhānaṃ tena pavuccatī</span>ti attano <a name="M1.0258"></a> santāne pātubhūtena tena tena lokuttarajjhānena taṃsamaṅgīpuggalo ajātameva taṃ taṃ kilesaṃ jhāpeti dahati samucchindati, tena kāraṇena taṃ lokuttaraṃ jhānanti pavuccatīti attho. <span class="bld">Jhānavimokkhe kusalatā</span>ti <a name="P1.0281"></a> tasmiṃ ariyamaggasampayutte vitakkādike jhāne ca vimokkhasaṅkhāte ariyamagge ca asammohavasena kusalatāya paṭhamamaggeneva pahīnāsu nānādiṭṭhīsu na kampati. Jhānaṃ nāma duvidhaṃ ārammaṇūpanijjhānañca lakkhaṇūpanijjhānañca. Lokiyapaṭhamajjhānādikaṃ kasiṇādiārammaṇūpanijjhānaṭṭhena jhānaṃ, vipassanāsaṅkhārānaṃ sabhāvasāmaññalakkhaṇūpanijjhānaṭṭhena jhānaṃ, lokuttaraṃ nibbāne tathalakkhaṇūpanijjhānaṭṭhena jhānaṃ. Idha pana gotrabhunāpi sādhāraṇaṃ lakkhaṇūpanijjhānaṭṭhaṃ anāmasitvā asādhāraṇena kilesajhāpanaṭṭhena jhānaṃ vuttaṃ. Vimokkhaṭṭho panettha nibbānārammaṇe suṭṭhu adhimuccanaṭṭho kilesehi ca suṭṭhu muccanaṭṭho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samādahitvā yathā ce vipassatī</span>ti appanūpacārakhaṇikasamādhīnaṃ aññatarena samādhinā paṭhamaṃ cittasamādhānaṃ katvā pacchā yathā vipassati ca. Samuccayattho ce-saddo vipassanaṃ samuccinoti. <span class="bld">Vipassamāno tathā ce samādahe</span>ti vipassanā nāmesā lūkhabhūtā nirassādā, samatho ca nāma siniddhabhūto saassādo. Tasmā tāya lūkhabhūtaṃ cittaṃ sinehetuṃ vipassamāno tathā ca samādahe. Vipassamāno puna samādhiṃ pavisitvā cittasamādhānañca tatheva kareyya, yatheva vipassananti attho. Idha ce-saddo samādahanaṃ samuccinoti. Ubhayatthāpi gāthābandhānuvattanena <a name="V1.0235"></a> ce-kāro kato, attho pana ca-kārattho eva. <span class="bld">Vipassanā ca samatho tadā ahū</span>ti yasmā samathavipassanānaṃ yuganaddhabhāve sati ariyamaggapātubhāvo hoti, tasmā ariyamaggajananasamatthattā yadā tadubhayasamāyogo hoti, tadā vipassanā ca samatho ca ahu, samathavipassanā bhūtā nāma hotīti attho. Tā ca samathavipassanā ariyamaggābhimukhīkāle ca maggakkhaṇe ca <span class="bld">samānabhāgā yuganaddhā vattare</span> samāno samo bhāgo koṭṭhāso etesanti samānabhāgā, yuge naddhā viyāti yuganaddhā, aññamaññaṃ anativattanaṭṭhena samadhurā samabalāti attho. Vitthāro panassa yuganaddhakathāyaṃ āvibhavissati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dukkhā saṅkhārā sukho, nirodho iti dassanaṃ. Dubhato vuṭṭhitā</span> <a name="P1.0282"></a> <span class="bld">paññā, phasseti amataṃ</span> <span class="bld">pada</span>nti dukkhā saṅkhārā, sukho nirodho nibbānanti paṭipannassa <a name="M1.0259"></a> tato nibbānadassanaṃ ariyamaggañāṇaṃ dubhato vuṭṭhitā paññā nāma. Sā eva ca paññā amataṃ padaṃ nibbānaṃ ārammaṇaphusanena phusati, paṭilabhatīti attho. Nibbānañhi atappakaṭṭhena amatasadisanti amataṃ, nāssa mataṃ maraṇaṃ vayo atthītipi amataṃ, pubbabhāgato paṭṭhāya mahatā ussāhena mahatiyā paṭipadāya pajjati paṭipajjīyatīti padanti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vimokkhacariyaṃ jānātī</span>ti vimokkhapavattiṃ asammohavasena jānāti, paccavekkhaṇavasena jānāti. ‘‘Dubhato vuṭṭhāno vimokkho, dubhato vuṭṭhānā cattāro vimokkhā, dubhato vuṭṭhānānaṃ anulomā cattāro vimokkhā, dubhato vuṭṭhānapaṭippassaddhi cattāro vimokkhā’’ti hi upari vimokkhakathāyaṃyeva (paṭi. ma. 1.209 ādayo) āgatā vimokkhacariyā veditabbā. Tesaṃ vitthāro tattheva āgato. <span class="bld">Nānattekattakovido</span>ti tesaṃ vimokkhānaṃ nānābhāve ekabhāve ca kusalo. Dubhato vuṭṭhānavimokkhavasena hi tesaṃ ekattaṃ, catuariyamaggavasena nānattaṃ, ekekassāpi vā ariyamaggassa anupassanābhedena nānattaṃ, ariyamaggabhāvena ekattaṃ veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Dvinnaṃ ñāṇānaṃ kusalatā</span>ti dassanasaṅkhātassa ca bhāvanāsaṅkhātassa cāti imesaṃ dvinnaṃ ñāṇānaṃ kusalatāya. <span class="bld">Dassana</span>nti hi sotāpattimaggo. So hi paṭhamaṃ nibbānadassanato dassananti vutto. Gotrabhu pana kiñcāpi paṭhamataraṃ nibbānaṃ passati, yathā pana rañño santikaṃ kenacideva karaṇīyena āgato puriso dūratova rathikāya carantaṃ hatthikkhandhagataṃ rājānaṃ disvāpi ‘‘diṭṭho te rājā’’ti puṭṭho disvā kattabbakiccassa akatattā ‘‘na passāmī’’ti āha, evameva nibbānaṃ disvā kattabbassa kilesappahānassābhāvā na ‘‘dassana’’nti vuccati. Tañhi ñāṇaṃ maggassa āvajjanaṭṭhāne tiṭṭhati. <span class="bld">Bhāvanā</span>ti sesamaggattayaṃ. Tañhi paṭhamamaggena diṭṭhasmiṃyeva dhamme bhāvanāvasena uppajjati, na adiṭṭhapubbaṃ kiñci <a name="V1.0236"></a> passati, tasmā ‘‘bhāvanā’’ti vuccati. Heṭṭhā pana bhāvanāmaggassa <a name="P1.0283"></a> apariniṭṭhitattā ‘‘dvinnaṃ ñāṇāna’’nti avatvā sotāpattisakadāgāmianāgāmimaggalābhino sandhāya ‘‘jhānavimokkhe kusalatā’’ti vuttaṃ, arahattamaggalābhino pana bhāvanāmaggassa pariniṭṭhitattā ‘‘dvinnaṃ ñāṇānaṃ kusalatā’’ti vuttanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Maggañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">12. Phalañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para63"></a><span class="paranum">63</span>. Phalañāṇaniddese <a name="P1.0284"></a><a name="M1.0260"></a> <span class="bld">taṃpayogappaṭippassaddhattā</span>ti tassa ajjhattabahiddhā vuṭṭhānapayogassa paṭippassaddhattā. Maggo hi sakakkhaṇe kilesappahānena ubhato vuṭṭhānapayogaṃ karoti nāma, phalakkhaṇe kilesānaṃ pahīnattā maggassa ubhato vuṭṭhānapayogo paṭippassaddho vūpasanto nāma hoti. <span class="bld">Uppajjatī</span>ti maggānantaraṃ sakiṃ vā dvikkhattuṃ vā uppajjati, phalasamāpattikāle pana bahukkhattuṃ, nirodhā vuṭṭhahantassa dvikkhattuṃ uppajjati, sabbampi hi taṃ payogappaṭippassaddhattā uppajjati. <span class="bld">Maggassetaṃ phala</span>nti phalaṃ apekkhitvā napuṃsakavacanaṃ kataṃ. Sakadāgāmimaggakkhaṇādīsupi ekekamaggaṅgavaseneva vuṭṭhānayojanā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="centered">Phalañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">13. Vimuttiñāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para64"></a><span class="paranum">64</span>. Vimuttiñāṇaniddese <a name="P1.0285"></a> <span class="bld">sakkāyadiṭṭhī</span>ti vijjamānaṭṭhena sati khandhapañcakasaṅkhāte kāye, sayaṃ vā satī tasmiṃ kāye diṭṭhīti sakkāyadiṭṭhi. <span class="bld">Vicikicchā</span>ti vigatā cikicchā, sabhāvaṃ vā vicinanto etāya kicchati kilamatīti vicikicchā. <span class="bld">Sīlabbataparāmāso</span>ti sīlena suddhi vatena suddhi sīlabbatena suddhīti gahitaabhiniveso. So hi sabhāvaṃ atikkamitvā parato āmasatīti sīlabbataparāmāso. Ubhinnaṃ samānepi diṭṭhibhāve takkañca parūpadesañca vinā pakatiyā eva sakkāyadiṭṭhigahaṇato pakatibhūtāya vīsativatthukāya sakkāyadiṭṭhiyā pahāneneva sabbadiṭṭhippahānadassanatthaṃ sakkāyadiṭṭhi vuttā. Sīlabbataparāmāso pana <a name="V1.0237"></a> ‘‘suddhipaṭipadaṃ paṭipajjāmā’’ti paṭipannānaṃ paṭipadāya micchābhāvadassanatthaṃ visuṃ vuttoti veditabbo. Tiṇṇampi anusayappahāneneva pahānaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">diṭṭhānusayo vicikicchānusayo</span>ti vuttaṃ, na visuṃ kilesattā. <span class="bld">Upakkilesā</span>ti kilesenti upatāpenti vibādhentīti kilesā, thāmagataṭṭhena bhusā kilesāti upakkilesā. <span class="bld">Sammā samucchinnā hontī</span>ti samucchedappahānena anuppādanirodhena sammā samucchinnā honti. <span class="bld">Sapariyuṭṭhānehī</span>ti cittaṃ pariyonandhantāni <a name="M1.0261"></a> uṭṭhenti uppajjantīti pariyuṭṭhānāni, samudācārappattānaṃ kilesānametaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Saha pariyuṭṭhānehīti sapariyuṭṭhānāni. Tehi sapariyuṭṭhānehi anusayitaupakkilesehi. <span class="bld">Cittaṃ vimuttaṃ hotī</span>ti tesaṃ abhabbuppattikabhūtattā santativasena pavattamānaṃ cittaṃ tato vimuttaṃ nāma hoti. Tadeva suṭṭhu vimuttattā <span class="bld">suvimuttaṃ. Taṃvimuttiñātaṭṭhenā</span>ti tassā vimuttiyā jānanaṭṭhena.</p>
<p class="centered">Vimuttiñāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">14. Paccavekkhaṇañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para65"></a><span class="paranum">65</span>. Paccavekkhaṇañāṇaniddese <a name="P1.0286"></a> maggakkhaṇeyeva hetuṭṭhena paṭhamaṃ maggaṅgāni visuṃ visuṃ vatvā puna maggaṅgabhūte ca amaggaṅgabhūte ca dhamme ‘‘bujjhanaṭṭhena bodhī’’ti laddhanāmassa ariyassa aṅgabhāvena bojjhaṅge visuṃ dassesi. Satidhammavicayavīriyasamādhisambojjhaṅgā hi maggaṅgāneva, pītipassaddhiupekkhāsambojjhaṅgā amaggaṅgāni. Puna balavasena indriyavasena ca visuṃ niddiṭṭhesu saddhā eva amaggaṅgabhūtā. Puna maggakkhaṇe jāteyeva dhamme rāsivasena dassento <span class="bld">ādhipateyyaṭṭhenā</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">upaṭṭhānaṭṭhena satipaṭṭhānā</span>ti ekāva nibbānārammaṇā sati kāyavedanācittadhammesu subhasukhaniccaattasaññāpahānakiccasādhanavasena cattāro satipaṭṭhānā nāma. Nibbānārammaṇaṃ ekameva vīriyaṃ uppannānuppannānaṃ akusalānaṃ pahānānuppattikiccassa, anuppannuppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ uppādaṭṭhitikiccassa sādhanavasena cattāro sammappadhānā nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tathaṭṭhena saccā</span>ti dukkhabhāvādīsu avisaṃvādakaṭṭhena cattāri ariyasaccāni. Etāneva cettha paṭivedhaṭṭhena tadā samudāgatāni, ‘‘amatogadhaṃ nibbāna’’nti visuṃ vuttaṃ nibbānañca, sesā pana dhammā paṭilābhaṭṭhena tadā samudāgatā. ‘‘Tathaṭṭhena saccā tadā samudāgatā’’ti vacanato maggaphalapariyosāne avassaṃ cattāri saccāni paccavekkhatīti niṭṭhamettha gantabbaṃ. ‘‘Kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ nāparaṃ itthattāyāti pajānātī’’ti (dī. ni. 1.248) vacanato ca ‘‘dukkhaṃ me pariññātaṃ, samudayo me pahīno, nirodho <a name="V1.0238"></a> me sacchikato, maggo <a name="M1.0262"></a> ca me bhāvito’’ti paccavekkhaṇaṃ vuttameva hoti. Tathā paccavekkhaṇaṃ yujjati ca. <span class="bld">Samudayo</span>ti cettha taṃtaṃmaggavajjhoyeva veditabbo. Ettha vuttasamudayapaccavekkhaṇavaseneva aṭṭhakathāyaṃ <a name="P1.0287"></a> duvidhaṃ kilesapaccavekkhaṇaṃ maggaphalanibbānapaccavekkhaṇāni idha sarūpeneva āgatānīti vuttāni. Kevalaṃ dukkhapaccavekkhaṇameva na vuttaṃ. Kiñcāpi na vuttaṃ, atha kho pāṭhasabbhāvato yuttisabbhāvato ca gahetabbameva. Saccapaṭivedhatthañhi paṭipannassa niṭṭhite saccapaṭivedhe sayaṃ katakiccapaccavekkhaṇaṃ yuttamevāti. <span class="bld">Avikkhepaṭṭhena samatho</span>tiādi maggasampayutte eva samathavipassanādhamme ekarasaṭṭhena anativattanaṭṭhena ca dassetuṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṃvaraṭṭhena sīlavisuddhī</span>ti sammāvācākammantājīvā eva. <span class="bld">Avikkhepaṭṭhena cittavisuddhī</span>ti sammāsamādhi eva. <span class="bld">Dassanaṭṭhena diṭṭhivisuddhī</span>ti sammādiṭṭhiyeva. <span class="bld">Vimuttaṭṭhenā</span>ti samucchedavasena maggavajjhakilesehi muccanaṭṭhena, nibbānārammaṇe vā adhimuccanaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Vimokkho</span>ti samucchedavimokkho, ariyamaggoyeva. <span class="bld">Paṭivedhaṭṭhena vijjā</span>ti saccapaṭivedhaṭṭhena vijjā, sammādiṭṭhiyeva. <span class="bld">Pariccāgaṭṭhena vimuttī</span>ti maggavajjhakilesānaṃ pajahanaṭṭhena tato muccanato vimutti, ariyamaggoyeva. <span class="bld">Samucchedaṭṭhena khaye ñāṇa</span>nti kilesasamucchindanaṭṭhena kilesakkhayakare ariyamagge ñāṇaṃ, sammādiṭṭhiyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Chandādayo heṭṭhā vuttanayeneva veditabbā. Kevalañhettha maggakkhaṇeyeva maggassa ādimajjhapariyosānākārena dassitā. <span class="bld">Vimuttī</span>ti cettha maggavimuttiyeva. ‘‘Tathaṭṭhena saccā’’ti ettha gahitampi ca nibbānaṃ idha pariyosānabhāvadassanatthaṃ puna vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Phalakkhaṇepi eseva nayo. Ettha pana <span class="bld">hetuṭṭhena maggo</span>ti phalamaggabhāveneva. <span class="bld">Sammappadhānā</span>ti maggakkhaṇe catukiccasādhakassa vīriyakiccassa phalassa uppādakkhaṇe siddhattā vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Aññathā hi phalakkhaṇe sammappadhānā eva na labbhanti. Vuttañhi maggakkhaṇe sattatiṃsa bodhipakkhiyadhamme uddharantena therena ‘‘phalakkhaṇe ṭhapetvā cattāro sammappadhāne avasesā tettiṃsa dhammā labbhantī’’ti. Evameva <a name="P1.0288"></a> paṭivedhakiccādisiddhivasena saccādīnipi yathāyogaṃ veditabbāni. <span class="bld">Vimokkho</span>ti ca phalavimokkho. <span class="bld">Vimuttī</span>ti phalavimutti. <span class="bld">Paṭippassaddhaṭṭhena anuppāde ñāṇaṃ</span> vuttatthameva. <span class="bld">Vuṭṭhahitvā</span>ti antarā vuṭṭhānābhāvā phalāvasānena evaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ime dhammā tadā samudāgatā</span>ti ime vuttappakārā <a name="M1.0263"></a> dhammā maggakkhaṇe phalakkhaṇe ca samudāgatāti paccavekkhatīti iti-saddaṃ pāṭhasesaṃ katvā sambandho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="centered">Paccavekkhaṇañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">15. Vatthunānattañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para66"></a><span class="paranum">66</span>. Vatthunānattañāṇaniddese <a name="V1.0239"></a><a name="P1.0289"></a> <span class="bld">cakkhuṃ ajjhattaṃ vavatthetī</span>ti ajjhattabhūtaṃ cakkhuṃ vavatthapeti. Yathā so cakkhuṃ vavatthapeti, tathā vattukāmo <span class="bld">kathaṃ cakkhuṃ ajjhattaṃ vavatthetī</span>ti pucchitvā puna <span class="bld">cakkhu avijjāsambhūtanti vavatthetī</span>tiādinā vavatthāpanākāraṃ dasseti. Tattha avijjātaṇhā atītā upatthambhakahetuyo, kammaṃ atītaṃ janakahetu, āhāro idāni upatthambhakahetu. Etena cakkhūpatthambhakāni utucittāni gahitāneva honti. <span class="bld">Catunnaṃ mahābhūtānaṃ upādāyā</span>ti upayogatthe sāmivacanaṃ, cattāri mahābhūtāni upādiyitvā pavattanti attho. Etena pasādacakkhubhāvo dassito hoti, sasambhārabhāvo paṭikkhitto. <span class="bld">Uppanna</span>nti addhāvasena, santatikhaṇavasena vā paccuppannaṃ. <span class="bld">Samudāgata</span>nti hetuto samuṭṭhitaṃ. Ettāvatā vipassanāpubbabhāge cakkhuvavatthānaṃ dassitaṃ. <span class="bld">Ahutvā sambhūta</span>ntiādīhi aniccānupassanā. Pubbe udayā avijjamānato ahutvā sambhūtaṃ, uddhaṃ vayā abhāvato hutvā na bhavissati. <span class="bld">Antavantato</span>ti anto assa atthīti antavā, antavā eva antavanto yathā ‘‘satimanto, gatimanto, dhitimanto ca yo isī’’ti (theragā. 1052). Tato antavantato, bhaṅgavijjamānatoti attho. <span class="bld">Addhuva</span>nti sabbāvatthānipātitāya, thirabhāvassa ca abhāvatāya na thiraṃ. <span class="bld">Asassata</span>nti na niccaṃ. <span class="bld">Vipariṇāmadhamma</span>nti jarāya ceva maraṇena cāti dvedhā vipariṇāmapakatikaṃ. <span class="bld">Cakkhu anicca</span>ntiādīni <span class="bld">cakkhuṃ aniccato</span>tiādīni ca vuttatthāni. <span class="bld">Mano</span>ti idha bhavaṅgamanassa adhippetattā <span class="bld">avijjāsambhūto</span>tiādi yujjatiyeva. <span class="bld">Āhārasambhūto</span>ti ettha sampayuttaphassāhāramanosañcetanāhāravasena veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Uppanno</span>ti ca addhāsantativasena.</p>
<p class="centered">Vatthunānattañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">16. Gocaranānattañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para67"></a><span class="paranum">67</span>. Gocaranānattañāṇaniddese <a name="P1.0290"></a><a name="M1.0264"></a> <span class="bld">rūpe bahiddhā vavatthetī</span>ti ajjhattato bahiddhābhūte rūpāyatanadhamme vavatthapetīti attho. <span class="bld">Avijjāsambhūtā</span>tiādi attabhāvapariyāpannakammajarūpattā vuttaṃ. Āhāropi hi kammajarūpassa upatthambhakapaccayo hoti. Saddassa pana utucittasamuṭṭhānattā avijjāsambhūtādicatukkaṃ na vuttaṃ. Phoṭṭhabbānaṃ sayaṃ mahābhūtattā ‘‘catunnaṃ mahābhūtānaṃ upādāyā’’ti na vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Dhammā</span>ti cettha bhavaṅgamanosampayuttā tayo arūpino khandhā, dhammāyatanapariyāpannāni <a name="V1.0240"></a> sukhumarūpāni ca kammasamuṭṭhānāni, sabbānipi rūpādīni ca. Apica yāni yāni yena yena samuṭṭhahanti, tāni tāni tena tena veditabbāni. Itarathā hi sakasantānapariyāpannāpi rūpādayo dhammā sabbe na saṅgaṇheyyuṃ. Yasmā anindriyabaddharūpādayopi vipassanūpagā, tasmā tesaṃ kammasambhūtapadena saṅgaho veditabbo. Tepi hi sabbasattasādhāraṇakammapaccayautusamuṭṭhānā. Aññe pana ‘‘anindriyabaddhā rūpādayo avipassanūpagā’’ti vadanti. Taṃ pana –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Sabbe saṅkhārā aniccāti, yadā paññāya passati;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Atha nibbindati dukkhe, esa maggo visuddhiyā’’ti. (dha. pa. 277) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Ādikāya pāḷiyā virujjhati. Vuttañca visuddhimagge – ‘‘idhekacco āditova ajjhattasaṅkhāre abhinivisitvā vipassati, yasmā pana na suddhaajjhattadassanamatteneva maggavuṭṭhānaṃ hoti, bahiddhāpi daṭṭhabbameva, tasmā parassa <a name="P1.0291"></a> khandhepi anupādinnasaṅkhārepi aniccaṃ dukkhamanattāti vipassatī’’ti (visuddhi. 2.784). Tasmā paresaṃ cakkhādivavatthānampi anindriyabaddharūpādivavatthānampi icchitabbameva, tasmā tebhūmakasaṅkhārā avipassanūpagā nāma natthi.</p>
<p class="centered">Gocaranānattañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">17. Cariyānānattañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para68"></a><span class="paranum">68</span>. Cariyānānattañāṇaniddese <a name="P1.0292"></a> <span class="bld">viññāṇacariyā</span>tiādīsu ārammaṇe caratīti cariyā, viññāṇameva cariyā <span class="bld">viññāṇacariyā</span>. Aññāṇena caraṇaṃ<a name="M1.0265"></a>, aññāṇena vā carati, aññāte vā carati, aññāṇassa vā caraṇanti <span class="bld">aññāṇacariyā</span>. Ñāṇameva cariyā, ñāṇena vā cariyā, ñāṇena vā carati, ñāte vā carati, ñāṇassa vā caraṇanti <span class="bld">ñāṇacariyā. Dassanatthāyā</span>ti rūpadassanatthāya pavattā. <span class="bld">Āvajjanakiriyābyākatā</span>ti bhavaṅgasantānato apanetvā rūpārammaṇe cittasantānaṃ āvajjeti nāmetīti āvajjanaṃ, vipākābhāvato karaṇamattanti kiriyā, kusalākusalavasena na byākatāti abyākatā. <span class="bld">Dassanaṭṭho</span>ti passanti tena, sayaṃ vā passati, dassanamattameva vā tanti dassanaṃ, dassanameva attho dassanaṭṭho. <span class="bld">Cakkhuviññāṇa</span>nti kusalavipākaṃ <a name="V1.0241"></a> vā akusalavipākaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhattā</span>ti adiṭṭhe sampaṭicchanassa abhāvato cakkhuviññāṇena rūpārammaṇassa diṭṭhattā. <span class="bld">Abhiniropanā vipākamanodhātū</span>ti diṭṭhārammaṇameva ārohatīti atiniropanā, ubhayavipākā sampaṭicchanamanodhātu. <span class="bld">Abhiniropitattā</span>ti rūpārammaṇaṃ abhiruḷhattā. <span class="bld">Vipākamanoviññāṇadhātū</span>ti ubhayavipākā santīraṇamanoviññāṇadhātu. Esa nayo sotadvārādīsupi. Santīraṇānantaraṃ voṭṭhabbane avuttepi aṭṭhakathācariyehi vuttattā labbhatīti gahetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Vijānanatthāyā</span>ti dhammārammaṇassa ceva rūpādiārammaṇassa ca vijānanatthāya. <span class="bld">Āvajjanakiriyābyākatā</span>ti manodvārāvajjanacittaṃ. <span class="bld">Vijānanaṭṭho</span>ti tadanantarajavanavasena ārammaṇassa vijānanameva attho, na añño. Upari akusalajavanānaṃ vipassanāmaggaphalajavanānañca visuṃ vuttattā sesajavanāni idha gahetabbāni siyuṃ. ‘‘Kusalehi kammehi vippayuttā caratīti viññāṇacariyā’’tiādivacanato (paṭi. ma. 1.70) pana hasituppādacittajavanameva gahetabbaṃ. Chasu dvāresu ahetukānaṃyeva <a name="P1.0293"></a> cittānaṃ vuttattā dve āvajjanāni dve pañcaviññāṇāni dve sampaṭicchanāni tīṇi santīraṇāni ekaṃ hasituppādacittanti aṭṭhārasa ahetukacittāniyeva viññāṇacariyāti veditabbāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para69"></a><span class="paranum">69</span>. Idāni visayavijānanamattaṭṭhena viññāṇacariyāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">nīrāgā caratī</span>tiādimāha, viññāṇañhi rāgādisampayoge saddhādisampayoge ca avatthantaraṃ pāpuṇāti, tesu asati sakāvatthāyameva tiṭṭhati. Tasmā nīrāgādivacanena tesaṃ vuttaviññāṇānaṃ viññāṇakiccamattaṃ dasseti. Natthi etissā rāgoti nīrāgā. Nirāgāti rassaṃ katvāpi paṭhanti<a name="M1.0266"></a>. So pana rajjanavasena <span class="bld">rāgo</span>. Itaresu dussanavasena <span class="bld">doso</span>. Muyhanavasena <span class="bld">moho</span>. Maññanavasena <span class="bld">māno</span>. Viparītadassanavasena <span class="bld">diṭṭhi</span>. Uddhatabhāvo, avūpasantabhāvo vā <span class="bld">uddhaccaṃ. Vicikicchā</span> vuttatthā. Anusentīti <span class="bld">anusayā</span>. ‘‘Niranusayā’’ti vattabbe <span class="bld">nānusayā</span>ti vuttaṃ, soyevattho. Pariyuṭṭhānappattānamevettha abhāvo veditabbo. Na hi viññāṇacariyā pahīnānusayānaṃyeva vuttā. Yā ca nīrāgādināmā, sā rāgādīhi vippayuttāva nāma hotīti pariyāyantaradassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">rāgavippayuttā</span>tiādimāha. Puna aññehi ca vippayuttataṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">kusalehi kammehī</span>tiādimāha. Kusalāniyeva rāgādivajjābhāvā <span class="bld">anavajjāni</span>. Parisuddhabhāvakarehi hiriottappehi yuttattā <span class="bld">sukkāni</span>. Pavattisukhattā sukho udayo uppatti etesanti <span class="bld">sukhudrayāni,</span> sukhavipākattā vā sukho udayo vaḍḍhi etesanti sukhudrayāni. Vuttavipakkhena akusalāni yojetabbāni. <span class="bld">Viññāte caratī</span>ti viññāṇena viññāyamānaṃ ārammaṇaṃ viññātaṃ nāma, tasmiṃ viññāte ārammaṇe. Kiṃ vuttaṃ hoti? Nīlavaṇṇayogato nīlavatthaṃ viya viññāṇayogato viññātaṃ viññāṇaṃ nāma hoti, tasmiṃ viññāṇe caratīti <span class="bld">viññāṇacariyā</span>ti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Viññāṇassa</span> <a name="V1.0242"></a> <span class="bld">evarūpā cariyā hotī</span>ti vuttappakārassa viññāṇassa vuttappakārā cariyā hotīti attho. ‘‘Viññāṇassa cariyā’’ti ca vohāravasena vuccati, viññāṇato pana visuṃ cariyā natthi. <span class="bld">Pakatiparisuddhamidaṃ cittaṃ nikkilesaṭṭhenā</span>ti idaṃ vuttappakāraṃ cittaṃ rāgādikilesābhāvena <a name="P1.0294"></a> pakatiyā eva parisuddhaṃ. Tasmā vijānanamattameva cariyāti <span class="bld">viññāṇacariyā</span>ti vuttaṃ hoti. Niklesaṭṭhenātipi pāṭho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aññāṇacariyāya <span class="bld">manāpiyesū</span>ti manasi appenti pasīdanti, manaṃ vā appāyanti vaḍḍhentīti manāpāni, manāpāniyeva manāpiyāni. Tesu manāpiyesu. Tāni pana iṭṭhāni vā hontu aniṭṭhāni vā, gahaṇavasena manāpiyāni. Na hi iṭṭhasmiṃyeva rāgo aniṭṭhasmiṃyeva doso uppajjati. <span class="bld">Rāgassa javanatthāyā</span>ti santativasena rāgassa javanatthāya pavattā. <span class="bld">Āvajjanakiriyābyākatā</span>ti cakkhudvāre ayoniso manasikārabhūtā āvajjanakiriyābyākatā manodhātu. <span class="bld">Rāgassa javanā</span>ti yebhuyyena sattakkhattuṃ <a name="M1.0267"></a> rāgassa pavatti, punappunaṃ pavatto rāgoyeva. <span class="bld">Aññāṇacariyā</span>ti aññāṇena rāgassa sambhavato aññāṇena rāgassa cariyāti vuttaṃ hoti. Sesesupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Tadubhayena asamapekkhanasmiṃ vatthusmi</span>nti rāgadosavasena samapekkhanavirahite rūpārammaṇasaṅkhāte vatthusmiṃ. <span class="bld">Mohassa javanatthāyā</span>ti vicikicchāuddhaccavasena mohassa javanatthāya. <span class="bld">Aññāṇacariyā</span>ti aññāṇasseva cariyā, na aññassa. <span class="bld">Vinibandhassā</span>tiādīni mānādīnaṃ sabhāvavacanāni. Tattha <span class="bld">vinibandhassā</span>ti unnativasena vinibandhitvā ṭhitassa. <span class="bld">Parāmaṭṭhāyā</span>ti rūpassa aniccabhāvādiṃ atikkamitvā parato niccabhāvādiṃ āmaṭṭhāya gahitāya. <span class="bld">Vikkhepagatassā</span>ti rūpārammaṇe vikkhittabhāvaṃ gatassa. <span class="bld">Aniṭṭhaṅgatāyā</span>ti asanniṭṭhānabhāvaṃ gatāya. <span class="bld">Thāmagatassā</span>ti balappattassa. <span class="bld">Dhammesū</span>ti rūpādīsu vā dhammārammaṇabhūtesu vā dhammesu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para70"></a><span class="paranum">70</span>. Yasmā rāgādayo aññāṇena honti, tasmā rāgādisampayogena aññāṇaṃ visesento <span class="bld">sarāgā caratī</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">sarāgā caratī</span>ti mohamānadiṭṭhimānānusayadiṭṭhānusayaavijjānusayajavanavasena cariyā veditabbā. <span class="bld">Sadosā caratī</span>ti mohaavijjānusayajavanavasena. <span class="bld">Samohā caratī</span>ti rāgadosamānadiṭṭhiuddhaccavicikicchānusayajavanavasena. <span class="bld">Samānā caratī</span>ti rāgamohakāmarāgabhavarāgāvijjānusayajavanavasena. <span class="bld">Sadiṭṭhi caratī</span>ti rāgamohakāmarāgāvijjānusayajavanavasena. <span class="bld">Sauddhaccā carati savicikicchā caratī</span>ti <a name="P1.0295"></a> mohaavijjānusayajavanavasena. <span class="bld">Sānusayā caratī</span>ti etthāpi vuttanayeneva ekekaṃ anusayaṃ mūlaṃ katvā tasmiṃ citte labbhamānakasesānusayavasena sānusayatā yojetabbā. <span class="bld">Rāgasampayuttā</span>tiādi sarāgādivevacanameva. Sā eva <a name="V1.0243"></a> hi cariyā sampayogavasena saha rāgādīhi vattatīti sarāgādiādīni nāmāni labhati. Rāgādīhi samaṃ ekuppādekanirodhekavatthekārammaṇādīhi pakārehi yuttāti <span class="bld">rāgasampayuttānī</span>tiādīni nāmāni labhati. Sāyeva ca yasmā kusalādīhi kammehi vippayuttā, akusalādīhi kammehi sampayuttā, tasmāpi aññāṇacariyāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">kusalehi kammehī</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">aññāte</span>ti mohassa aññāṇalakkhaṇattā yathāsabhāvena aññāte ārammaṇe. Sesaṃ vuttatthameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para71"></a><span class="paranum">71</span>. Ñāṇacariyāyaṃ <a name="M1.0268"></a> yasmā vivaṭṭanānupassanādīnaṃ anantarapaccayabhūtā āvajjanakiriyābyākatā natthi, tasmā tesaṃ atthāya āvajjanakiriyābyākataṃ avatvā vivaṭṭanānupassanādayova vuttā. Anulomañāṇatthāya eva hi āvajjanā hoti, tato vivaṭṭanānupassanāmaggaphalāni. <span class="bld">Phalasamāpattī</span>ti cettha maggānantarajā vā hotu kālantarajā vā, ubhopi adhippetā. <span class="bld">Nīrāgā caratī</span>tiādīsu rāgādīnaṃ paṭipakkhavasena nīrāgāditā veditabbā, viññāṇacariyāyaṃ rāgādīnaṃ abhāvamattaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Ñāte</span>ti yathāsabhāvato ñāte. <span class="bld">Aññā viññāṇacariyā</span>tiādīhi tissannaṃ cariyānaṃ aññamaññamasammissataṃ dasseti. Viññāṇakiccamattavasena hi ahetukacittuppādā viññāṇacariyā, aññāṇakiccavataṃ dvādasannaṃ akusalacittuppādānaṃ vaseneva aññāṇacariyā, visesena ñāṇakiccakārīnaṃ vipassanāmaggaphalānaṃ vasena ñāṇacariyā. Evamimā aññamaññamasammissā ca, vipassanaṃ ṭhapetvā sahetukakāmāvacarakiriyākusalā ca, sahetukakāmāvacaravipākā ca, rūpāvacarārūpāvacarakusalābyākatā ca tīhi cariyāhi vinimuttāti veditabbā. Nibbānārammaṇāya vivaṭṭanānupassanāya ñāṇacariyāya niddiṭṭhattā nibbānamaggaphalapaccavekkhaṇabhūtāni sekkhāsekkhānaṃ paccavekkhaṇañāṇāni ñāṇacariyāya saṅgahitānīti veditabbāni. Tānipi hi visesena ñāṇakiccakarānevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Cariyānānattañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">18. Bhūminānattañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para72"></a><span class="paranum">72</span>. Bhūminānattañāṇaniddese <a name="P1.0296"></a> <span class="bld">bhūmiyo</span>ti bhāgā paricchedā vā. <span class="bld">Kāmāvacarā</span>ti ettha duvidho kāmo kilesakāmo vatthukāmo ca. Kilesakāmo chandarāgo, vatthukāmo tebhūmakavaṭṭaṃ. Kilesakāmo kāmetīti kāmo, vatthukāmo kāmīyatīti kāmo. So duvidho kāmo pavattivasena <a name="V1.0244"></a> yasmiṃ padese avacarati, so padeso kāmo ettha avacaratīti kāmāvacaro. So pana padeso catunnaṃ apāyānaṃ, manussalokassa, channañca devalokānaṃ vasena ekādasavidho<a name="M1.0269"></a>. Yathā hi yasmiṃ padese sasatthā purisā avacaranti, so vijjamānesupi aññesu dvipadacatuppadesu avacarantesu tesaṃ abhilakkhitattā ‘‘sasatthāvacaro’’ti vuccati, evaṃ vijjamānesupi aññesu rūpāvacarādīsu tattha avacarantesu tesaṃ abhilakkhitattā ayaṃ padeso ‘‘kāmāvacaro’’tveva vuccati. Svāyaṃ yathā rūpabhavo rūpaṃ, evaṃ uttarapadalopaṃ katvā ‘‘kāmo’’tveva vuccati. Tappaṭibaddho ekeko dhammo imasmiṃ ekādasavidhapadesasaṅkhāte kāme avacaratīti kāmāvacaro. Kiñcāpi hi ettha keci dhammā rūpārūpabhavesupi avacaranti, yathā pana saṅgāme avacaraṇato ‘‘saṅgāmāvacaro’’ti laddhanāmo nāgo nagare carantopi ‘‘saṅgāmāvacaro’’tveva vuccati, thalajalacarā ca pāṇino athale ajale ca ṭhitāpi ‘‘thalacarā jalacarā’’tveva vuccanti, evaṃ te aññattha avacarantāpi kāmāvacarāyevāti veditabbā. Ārammaṇakaraṇavasena vā etesu vuttappakāresu dhammesu kāmo avacaratīti kāmāvacarā. Kāmañcesa rūpārūpāvacaradhammesupi avacarati, yathā pana ‘‘vadatīti vaccho, mahiyaṃ setīti mahiṃso’’ti vutte na yattakā vadanti, mahiyaṃ vā senti, sabbesaṃ taṃ nāmaṃ hoti. Evaṃsampadamidaṃ veditabbaṃ. Ettha sabbe te dhamme ekarāsiṃ katvā vuttabhūmisaddamapekkhitvā kāmāvacarāti itthiliṅgavacanaṃ kataṃ. Rūpāvacarātiādīsu rūpabhavo rūpaṃ, tasmiṃ rūpe avacarantīti <span class="bld">rūpāvacarā</span>. Arūpabhavo arūpaṃ, tasmiṃ arūpe <a name="P1.0297"></a> avacarantīti <span class="bld">arūpāvacarā</span>. Tebhūmakavaṭṭe pariyāpannā antogadhāti pariyāpannā, tasmiṃ na pariyāpannāti <span class="bld">apariyāpannā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāmāvacarādibhūminiddesesu <span class="bld">heṭṭhato</span>ti heṭṭhābhāgena. <span class="bld">Avīciniraya</span>nti jālānaṃ vā sattānaṃ vā vedanānaṃ vā vīci antaraṃ chiddaṃ ettha natthīti avīci. Sukhasaṅkhāto ayo ettha natthīti nirayo, niratiatthenapi nirayo. <span class="bld">Pariyantaṃ karitvā</span>ti taṃ avīcisaṅkhātaṃ nirayaṃ antaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Uparito</span>ti uparibhāgena. <span class="bld">Paranimmitavasavattī deve</span>ti paranimmitesu kāmesu vasaṃ vattanato evaṃladdhavohāre deve. <span class="bld">Anto karitvā</span>ti anto pakkhipitvā. <span class="bld">Yaṃ etasmiṃ antare</span>ti ye etasmiṃ okāse. <span class="bld">Ya</span>nti ca liṅgavacanavipallāso kato. <span class="bld">Etthāvacarā</span>ti iminā yasmā tasmiṃ antare aññepi caranti kadāci katthaci sambhavato, tasmā tesaṃ asaṅgaṇhanatthaṃ avacarāti vuttaṃ. Tena ye ekasmiṃ antare ogāḷhā hutvā caranti, sabbattha sadā <a name="M1.0270"></a> ca sambhavato, adhobhāge ca caranti avīcinirayassa heṭṭhā bhūtūpādāya pavattibhāvena, tesaṃ saṅgaho kato hoti. Te hi ogāḷhā caranti, adhobhāge ca carantīti avacarā. <span class="bld">Ettha pariyāpannā</span>ti iminā pana yasmā <a name="V1.0245"></a> ete etthāvacarā aññatthāpi avacaranti, na pana tattha pariyāpannā honti, tasmā tesaṃ aññatthāpi avacarantānaṃ pariggaho kato hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni te ettha pariyāpanne dhamme rāsisuññatāpaccayabhāvato ceva sabhāvato ca dassento <span class="bld">khandhadhātuāyatanā</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Brahmaloka</span>nti paṭhamajjhānabhūmisaṅkhātaṃ brahmaṭṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Akaniṭṭhe</span>ti uttamaṭṭhena na kaniṭṭhe. <span class="bld">Samāpannassā</span>ti samāpattiṃ samāpannassa. Etena kusalajjhānaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Upapannassā</span>ti vipākavasena brahmaloke upapannassa. Etena vipākajjhānaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārissā</span>ti diṭṭheva dhamme paccakkhe attabhāve sukho vihāro diṭṭhadhammasukhavihāro, so assa atthīti diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārī, arahā. Tassa diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārissa. Etena kiriyajjhānaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Cetasikā</span>ti cetasi bhavā cetasikā, cittasampayuttāti attho. <span class="bld">Ākāsānañcāyatanūpage</span>ti ākāsānañcāyatanasaṅkhātaṃ bhavaṃ upagate. Dutiyapadepi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Maggā</span>ti <a name="P1.0298"></a> cattāro ariyamaggā. <span class="bld">Maggaphalānī</span>ti cattāri ariyamaggaphalāni. <span class="bld">Asaṅkhatā ca dhātū</span>ti paccayehi akatā nibbānadhātu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aparāpi catasso bhūmiyo</span>ti ekekacatukkavasena veditabbā. <span class="bld">Cattāro satipaṭṭhānā</span>ti kāyānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānaṃ vedanānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānaṃ cittānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānaṃ dhammānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānaṃ. Tassattho – patiṭṭhātīti paṭṭhānaṃ, upaṭṭhāti okkanditvā pakkhanditvā pavattatīti attho. Satiyeva paṭṭhānaṃ satipaṭṭhānaṃ. Atha vā saraṇaṭṭhena sati, upaṭṭhānaṭṭhena paṭṭhānaṃ, sati ca sā paṭṭhānañcātipi satipaṭṭhānaṃ. Ārammaṇavasena bahukā tā satiyoti satipaṭṭhānā. <span class="bld">Cattāro sammappadhānā</span>ti anuppannānaṃ akusalānaṃ anuppādāya sammappadhānaṃ, uppannānaṃ akusalānaṃ pahānāya sammappadhānaṃ, anuppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ uppādāya sammappadhānaṃ, uppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ ṭhitiyā sammappadhānaṃ. Padahanti vāyamanti etenāti padhānaṃ, vīriyassetaṃ nāmaṃ<a name="M1.0271"></a>. <span class="bld">Sammappadhāna</span>nti aviparītappadhānaṃ kāraṇappadhānaṃ upāyappadhānaṃ yonisopadhānaṃ. Ekameva vīriyaṃ kiccavasena catudhā katvā sammappadhānāti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Cattāro iddhipādā</span>ti chandiddhipādo, cittiddhipādo, vīriyiddhipādo, vīmaṃsiddhipādo. Tassattho vuttoyeva. <span class="bld">Cattāri jhānānī</span>ti vitakkavicārapītisukhacittekaggatāvasena pañcaṅgikaṃ paṭhamajjhānaṃ. Pītisukhacittekaggatāvasena tivaṅgikaṃ dutiyajjhānaṃ, sukhacittakaggatāvasena duvaṅgikaṃ tatiyajjhānaṃ, upekkhācittekaggatāvasena duvaṅgikaṃ catutthajjhānaṃ. Imāni hi aṅgāni ārammaṇūpanijjhānaṭṭhena jhānanti vuccanti. <span class="bld">Catasso appamaññāyo</span>ti mettā, karuṇā, muditā, upekkhā. Pharaṇaappamāṇavasena appamaññāyo. Etāyo hi ārammaṇavasena appamāṇe vā satte pharanti, ekaṃ sattampi vā anavasesapharaṇavasena <a name="V1.0246"></a> pharantīti pharaṇaappamāṇavasena appamaññāyoti vuccanti. <span class="bld">Catasso arūpasamāpattiyo</span>ti ākāsānañcāyatanasamāpatti, viññāṇañcāyatanasamāpatti, ākiñcaññāyatanasamāpatti, nevasaññānāsaññāyatanasamāpatti. <span class="bld">Catasso paṭisambhidā</span> vuttatthā eva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Catasso</span> <a name="P1.0299"></a> <span class="bld">paṭipadā</span>ti ‘‘dukkhā paṭipadā dandhābhiññā, dukkhā paṭipadā khippābhiññā, sukhā paṭipadā dandhābhiññā, sukhā paṭipadā khippābhiññā’’ti (dī. ni. 3.311) vuttā catasso paṭipadā. <span class="bld">Cattāri ārammaṇānī</span>ti parittaṃ parittārammaṇaṃ, parittaṃ appamāṇārammaṇaṃ, appamāṇaṃ parittārammaṇaṃ, appamāṇaṃ appamāṇārammaṇanti (dha. sa. 181 ādayo) vuttāni cattāri ārammaṇāni. Kasiṇādiārammaṇānaṃ avavatthāpetabbato ārammaṇavantāni jhānāni vuttānīti veditabbāni. <span class="bld">Cattāro ariyavaṃsā</span>ti ariyā vuccanti buddhā ca paccekabuddhā ca tathāgatasāvakā ca, tesaṃ ariyānaṃ vaṃsā tantiyo paveṇiyoti ariyavaṃsā. Ke pana te? Cīvarasantoso piṇḍapātasantoso senāsanasantoso bhāvanārāmatāti ime cattāro. Gilānapaccayasantoso piṇḍapātasantose vutte vuttoyeva hoti. Yo hi piṇḍapāte santuṭṭho, so kathaṃ gilānapaccaye asantuṭṭho bhavissati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cattāri saṅgahavatthūnī</span>ti cattāri janasaṅgaṇhanakāraṇāni – dānañca peyyavajjañca atthacariyā ca samānattatā cāti imāni cattāri. <span class="bld">Dāna</span>nti yathārahaṃ dānaṃ. <span class="bld">Peyyavajja</span>nti yathārahaṃ piyavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Atthacariyā</span>ti tattha tattha kattabbassa karaṇavasena kattabbākattabbānusāsanavasena ca vuddhikiriyā. <span class="bld">Samānattatā</span>ti <a name="M1.0272"></a> saha mānena samāno, saparimāṇo saparigaṇanoti attho. Samāno parassa attā etenāti samānatto, samānattassa bhāvo samānattatā, ‘‘ayaṃ mayā hīno, ayaṃ mayā sadiso, ayaṃ mayā adhiko’’ti parigaṇetvā tadanurūpena upacaraṇaṃ karaṇanti attho. ‘‘Samānasukhadukkhatā samānattatā’’ti ca vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cattāri cakkānī</span>ti ettha cakkaṃ nāma dārucakkaṃ, ratanacakkaṃ, dhammacakkaṃ, iriyāpathacakkaṃ, sampatticakkanti pañcavidhaṃ. Tattha ‘‘yaṃ pana taṃ, deva, cakkaṃ chahi māsehi niṭṭhitaṃ chārattūnehī’’ti (a. ni. 3.15) idaṃ dārucakkaṃ. ‘‘Cakkaṃ vattayato pariggahetvā’’ti (jā. 1.13.68) idaṃ ratanacakkaṃ. ‘‘Mayā pavattitaṃ cakka’’nti (su. ni. 562) idaṃ dhammacakkaṃ. ‘‘Catucakkaṃ navadvāra’’nti (saṃ. ni. 1.29) idaṃ iriyāpathacakkaṃ. ‘‘Cattārimāni<a name="P1.0300"></a>, bhikkhave, cakkāni, yehi samannāgatānaṃ devamanussānaṃ catucakkaṃ vattati. Katamāni cattāri? Patirūpadesavāso, sappurisāvassayo, attasammāpaṇidhi, pubbe ca katapuññatā’’ti <a name="V1.0247"></a> (a. ni. 4.31) idaṃ sampatticakkaṃ. Idhāpi etadeva adhippetaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">patirūpadesavāso</span>ti yattha catasso parisā sandissanti, evarūpe anucchavike dese vāso. <span class="bld">Sappurisāvassayo</span>ti buddhādīnaṃ sappurisānaṃ avassayanaṃ sevanaṃ bhajanaṃ. <span class="bld">Attasammāpaṇidhī</span>ti attano sammā patiṭṭhāpanaṃ. Sace pubbe assaddhādīhi samannāgato hoti, tāni pahāya saddhādīsu patiṭṭhāpanaṃ. <span class="bld">Pubbe ca katapuññatā</span>ti pubbe upacitakusalatā. Idameva cettha pamāṇaṃ. Yena hi ñāṇasampayuttacittena kusalakammaṃ kataṃ hoti, tadeva kusalaṃ taṃ purisaṃ patirūpadese upaneti, sappurise bhajāpeti, so eva puggalo attānaṃ sammā ṭhapetīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cattāri dhammapadānī</span>ti cattāro dhammakoṭṭhāsā. Katamāni cattāri? Anabhijjhā dhammapadaṃ, abyāpādo dhammapadaṃ, sammāsati dhammapadaṃ, sammāsamādhi dhammapadaṃ. <span class="bld">Anabhijjhā dhammapadaṃ</span> nāma alobho vā anabhijjhāvasena adhigatajjhānavipassanāmaggaphalanibbānāni vā. <span class="bld">Abyāpādo dhammapadaṃ</span> nāma akopo vā mettāsīsena adhigatajjhānādīni vā. <span class="bld">Sammāsati dhammapadaṃ</span> nāma sūpaṭṭhitassati vā satisīsena adhigatajjhānādīni vā. <span class="bld">Sammāsamādhi dhammapadaṃ</span> nāma aṭṭhasamāpatti vā aṭṭhasamāpattisīsena adhigatajjhānādīni vā. Dasaasubhavasena vā adhigatajjhānādīni anabhijjhā dhammapadaṃ, catubrahmavihāravasena adhigatāni <a name="M1.0273"></a> abyāpādo dhammapadaṃ, dasānussatiāhārepaṭikūlasaññāvasena adhigatāni sammāsati dhammapadaṃ, dasakasiṇaānāpānavasena adhigatāni sammāsamādhi dhammapadanti. <span class="bld">Imā catasso bhūmiyo</span>ti ekekaṃ catukkavaseneva yojetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Bhūminānattañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">19. Dhammanānattañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para73"></a><span class="paranum">73</span>. Dhammanānattañāṇaniddese <a name="P1.0301"></a> <span class="bld">kammapathe</span>ti kammāni ca tāni pathā ca apāyagamanāyāti kammapathā, te kammapathe. <span class="bld">Dasa kusalakammapathā</span> nāma pāṇātipātā adinnādānā kāmesumicchācārā veramaṇīti tīṇi kāyasucaritāni, musāvādā pisuṇāya vācāya pharusāya vācāya samphappalāpā veramaṇīti cattāri vacīsucaritāni, anabhijjhā abyāpādo sammādiṭṭhīti tīṇi manosucaritāni. <span class="bld">Dasa akusalakammapathā</span> nāma pāṇātipāto adinnādānaṃ kāmesumicchācāroti tīṇi kāyaduccaritāni, musāvādo pisuṇā vācā pharusā vācā <a name="V1.0248"></a> samphappalāpoti cattāri vacīduccaritāni, abhijjhā byāpādo micchādiṭṭhīti tīṇi manoduccaritāni. Kusalākusalāpi ca paṭisandhijanakāyeva kammapathāti vuttā, vuttāvasesā paṭisandhijanane anekanti kattā kammapathāti na vuttā. Oḷārikakusalākusalagahaṇeneva sesakusalākusalāpi gahitāti veditabbā. <span class="bld">Rūpa</span>nti bhūtopādāyabhedato aṭṭhavīsatividhaṃ rūpaṃ. <span class="bld">Vipāka</span>nti kāmāvacarakusalavipākānaṃ soḷasannaṃ, akusalavipākānaṃ sattannañca vasena tevīsatividhaṃ vipākaṃ. <span class="bld">Kiriya</span>nti tiṇṇamahetukakiriyānaṃ, aṭṭhannaṃ sahetukakiriyānañca vasena ekādasavidhaṃ kāmāvacarakiriyaṃ. Vipākābhāvato kiriyāmattāti kiriyā. Ettāvatā kāmāvacarameva rūpābyākatavipākābyākatakiriyābyākatavasena vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Idhaṭṭhassā</span>ti imasmiṃ loke ṭhitassa. Yebhuyyena manussaloke jhānabhāvanāsabbhāvato manussalokavasena vuttaṃ, jhānāni pana kadāci karahaci devalokepi labbhanti, rūpībrahmalokepi tatrūpapattikaheṭṭhūpapattikauparūpapattikānaṃ vasena labbhanti. Suddhāvāse pana arūpāvacare ca heṭṭhūpapattikā <a name="M1.0274"></a> natthi. Rūpārūpāvacaresu abhāvitajjhānā <a name="P1.0302"></a> heṭṭhā nibbattamānā kāmāvacarasugatiyaṃyeva nibbattanti, na duggatiyaṃ. <span class="bld">Tatrūpapannassā</span>ti vipākavasena brahmaloke upapannassa paṭisandhibhavaṅgacutivasena vattamānāni cattāri vipākajjhānāni. Rūpārūpāvacarajjhānasamāpattīsu kiriyābyākatāni na vuttāni. Kiñcāpi na vuttāni, atha kho kusalehi samānapavattittā kusalesu vuttesu vuttāneva hontīti veditabbāni. Yathā paṭṭhāne ‘‘kusalākusale niruddhe vipāko tadārammaṇatā uppajjatī’’ti (paṭṭhā. 1.1.406, 409) kusalajavanaggahaṇeneva kiriyajavanaṃ saṅgahitaṃ, evamidhāpi daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Sāmaññaphalānī</span>ti cattāri sāmaññaphalāni. Etena lokuttaravipākābyākataṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Nibbāna</span>nti nibbānābyākataṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pāmojjamūlakā</span>ti pāmojjaṃ mūlaṃ ādi etesanti pāmojjamūlakā, pāmojjādikāti attho. Pāmojjena hi samāgatāneva honti. <span class="bld">Aniccato manasikaroto pāmojjaṃ jāyatī</span>ti ettha yonisomanasikarotoyeva pāmojjaṃ jāyati, na ayonisomanasikaroto. Ayonisomanasikaroto kusaluppattiyeva natthi, pageva vipassanā. Kasmā sarūpena vuttanti ce? Pāmojjassa balavabhāvadassanatthaṃ. Pāmojje hi asati pantesu ca senāsanesu adhikusalesu ca dhammesu arati ukkaṇṭhitā uppajjati. Evaṃ sati bhāvanāyeva ukkamati. Pāmojje pana sati aratiabhāvato bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchati. Yonisomanasikārassa pana mūlabhāvena bhāvanāya bahūpakārattaṃ dassetuṃ upari navakaṃ vakkhati.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yato <a name="V1.0249"></a> yato sammasati, khandhānaṃ udayabbayaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Labhatī pītipāmojjaṃ, amataṃ taṃ vijānata’’nti. (dha. pa. 374) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Vacanato vipassakassa vipassanāpaccayā pāmojjaṃ uppajjati. Idha pana kalāpasammasanapaccayā pāmojjaṃ gahetabbaṃ. Pamuditassa bhāvo pāmojjaṃ, dubbalā pīti. Ādikammatthe pa-kāro daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Pamuditassāti</span> tena pāmojjena pamuditassa tuṭṭhassa. Pamoditassātipi pāṭho. Soyevattho. <span class="bld">Pītī</span>ti balavapīti. <span class="bld">Pītimanassā</span>ti pītiyuttamanassa. Yuttasaddassa lopo daṭṭhabbo yathā assarathoti<a name="P1.0303"></a>. <span class="bld">Kāyo</span>ti nāmakāyo, rūpakāyena saha vā. <span class="bld">Passambhatī</span>ti vūpasantadaratho hoti. <span class="bld">Passaddhakāyo</span>ti <a name="M1.0275"></a> ubhayapassaddhiyogena nibbutakāyo. <span class="bld">Sukhaṃ vedetī</span>ti cetasikaṃ sukhaṃ vindati, kāyikasukhena saha vā. <span class="bld">Sukhino</span>ti sukhasamaṅgissa. <span class="bld">Cittaṃ samādhiyatī</span>ti cittaṃ samaṃ ādhiyati, ekaggaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Samāhite citte</span>ti bhāvenabhāvalakkhaṇatthe bhummavacanaṃ. Cittasamāhitabhāvena hi yathābhūtajānanaṃ lakkhīyati. <span class="bld">Yathābhūtaṃ pajānātī</span>ti udayabbayañāṇādivasena saṅkhāraṃ yathāsabhāvaṃ jānāti. <span class="bld">Passatī</span>ti taṃyeva cakkhunā diṭṭhaṃ viya phuṭaṃ katvā paññācakkhunā passati. <span class="bld">Nibbindatī</span>ti navavidhavipassanāñāṇayogena saṅkhāresu ukkaṇṭhati. <span class="bld">Nibbindaṃ virajjatī</span>ti taṃ vipassanaṃ sikhaṃ pāpento maggañāṇayogena saṅkhārehi viratto hoti. <span class="bld">Virāgā vimuccatī</span>ti virāgasaṅkhātamaggahetu phalavimuttiyā nibbāne adhimokkhena vimuccati. Kesuci pana potthakesu imasmiṃ vāre ‘‘samāhitena cittena idaṃ dukkhanti yathābhūtaṃ pajānātī’’tiādi saccanayo likhito, sopi ca kesuci potthakesu ‘‘idaṃ dukkhanti yoniso manasi karotī’’tiādinā nayena likhito. Vāradvayepi byañjanatoyeva viseso, na atthato. ‘‘Nibbindaṃ virajjatī’’ti hi maggañāṇassa vuttattā maggañāṇe ca siddhe catusaccābhisamayakiccaṃ siddhameva hoti. Tasmā catusaccanayena vuttavāropi iminā vārena atthato avisiṭṭhoyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para74"></a><span class="paranum">74</span>. Idāni <span class="bld">aniccato</span>tiādīhi ārammaṇassa avisesetvā vuttattā ārammaṇaṃ visesento <span class="bld">rūpaṃ aniccato manasi karotī</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Yonisomanasikāramūlakā</span>ti yonisomanasikāro mūlaṃ patiṭṭhā etesanti yonisomanasikāramūlakā. Yonisomanasikāraṃ muñcitvāyeva hi pāmojjādayo nava na honti. <span class="bld">Samāhitena cittenā</span>ti kāraṇabhūtena cittena. <span class="bld">Yathābhūtaṃ pajānātī</span>ti paññāya pajānāti. ‘‘Idaṃ dukkhanti yoniso manasi karotī’’ti vuccamāne anussavavasena pubbabhāgasaccānubodhopi saṅgayhati. <span class="bld">Yonisomanasikāro</span>ti ca upāyena manasikāro.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dhātunānattaṃ</span> <a name="V1.0250"></a> <span class="bld">paṭicca uppajjati phassanānatta</span>nti cakkhādidhātunānattaṃ paṭicca cakkhusamphassādinānattaṃ uppajjatīti attho. <span class="bld">Phassanānattaṃ paṭiccā</span>ti cakkhusamphassādinānattaṃ paṭicca. <span class="bld">Vedanānānatta</span>nti cakkhusamphassajādivedanānānattaṃ<a name="P1.0304"></a>. <span class="bld">Saññānānatta</span>nti kāmasaññādinānattaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṅkappanānatta</span>nti kāmasaṅkappādinānattaṃ. <span class="bld">Chandanānatta</span>nti saṅkappanānattatāya rūpe chando sadde chandoti evaṃ <a name="M1.0276"></a> chandanānattaṃ uppajjati. <span class="bld">Pariḷāhanānatta</span>nti chandanānattatāya rūpapariḷāho saddapariḷāhoti evaṃ pariḷāhanānattaṃ uppajjati. <span class="bld">Pariyesanānānatta</span>nti pariḷāhanānattatāya rūpapariyesanādinānattaṃ uppajjati. <span class="bld">Lābhanānatta</span>nti pariyesanānānattatāya rūpapaṭilābhādinānattaṃ uppajjatīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Dhammanānattañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">20-24. Ñāṇapañcakaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para75"></a><span class="paranum">75</span>. Ñāṇapañcakaniddese <a name="P1.0305"></a> tesaṃ pañcannaṃ ñāṇānaṃ anupubbasambandhasabbhāvato ekatova pucchāvissajjanāni katāni. <span class="bld">Abhiññātā hontī</span>ti dhammasabhāvalakkhaṇajānanavasena suṭṭhu ñātā honti. <span class="bld">Ñātā hontī</span>ti ñātapariññāvasena sabhāvato ñātattā ñātā nāma honti. Yena ñāṇena te dhammā ñātā honti, taṃ ñātaṭṭhena ñāṇaṃ, pajānanaṭṭhena paññāti sambandho. Imināva nayena sesañāṇānipi yojetabbāni. <span class="bld">Pariññātā hontī</span>ti sāmaññalakkhaṇavasena samantato ñātā honti. <span class="bld">Tīritā hontī</span>ti tīraṇapariññāvasena aniccādito upaparikkhitā samāpitā nāma honti. <span class="bld">Pahīnā hontī</span>ti aniccānupassanādinā ñāṇena niccasaññādayo bhaṅgānupassanato paṭṭhāya pahīnā honti. <span class="bld">Pariccattā hontī</span>ti pahānavaseneva chaḍḍitā nāma honti. <span class="bld">Bhāvitā hontī</span>ti vaḍḍhitā paribhāvitā ca honti. <span class="bld">Ekarasā hontī</span>ti sakiccasādhanapaṭipakkhapahānena ekakiccā honti, paccanīkato vā vimuttivasena vimuttirasena ekarasā honti. <span class="bld">Sacchikatā hontī</span>ti paṭilābhavasena phaladhammo paṭivedhavasena nibbānadhammoti paccakkhakatā honti. <span class="bld">Phassitā hontī</span>ti paṭilābhaphusanena paṭivedhaphusanena ca phassitā anubhūtā honti. Imāni pañca ñāṇāni heṭṭhā sutamayañāṇavasena vuttāni, idha sakiccasādhanavasena.</p>
<p class="centered">Ñāṇapañcakaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">25-28. Paṭisambhidāñāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para76"></a><span class="paranum">76</span>. Paṭisambhidāñāṇaniddese <a name="V1.0251"></a><a name="P1.0306"></a> yasmā dhamme avutte tassa kiccaṃ na sakkā vattuṃ, tasmā uddiṭṭhānaṃ paṭipāṭiṃ anādiyitvā paṭhamaṃ dhammā niddiṭṭhā. Dhammādīnaṃ <a name="M1.0277"></a> atthā vuttāyeva. <span class="bld">Saddhindriyaṃ dhammo</span>tiādīhi dhammasaddapariyāpanne dhamme vatvā nānattasaddassa atthaṃ dassento <span class="bld">añño saddhindriyaṃ dhammo</span>tiādimāha. ‘‘Añño dhammo’’ti hi vutte dhammānaṃ nānattaṃ dassitaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Paṭividitā</span>ti abhimukhabhāvena viditā pākaṭā nāma honti. Tena paṭisambhidāpadassa attho vutto. <span class="bld">Adhimokkhaṭṭho attho</span>tiādīhi tesaṃ saddhādīnaṃ adhimuccanādikiccaṃ attho nāmāti dasseti. <span class="bld">Sandassetu</span>nti paraṃ ñāpetukāmassa paraṃ sandassetuṃ. Parassa pana vacanaṃ suṇantassāpi labbhatiyeva. <span class="bld">Byañjananiruttābhilāpā</span>ti nāmabyañjanaṃ nāmanirutti nāmābhilāpo. Nāmañhi atthaṃ byañjayatīti byañjanaṃ, ‘‘saṅkhatamabhisaṅkharontīti kho, bhikkhave, tasmā saṅkhārāti vuccantī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 3.79) evaṃ niddhāretvā sahetukaṃ katvā vuccamānattā nirutti, abhilapīyati etena atthoti abhilāpoti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nāmañca nāmetaṃ catubbidhaṃ – sāmaññanāmaṃ, guṇanāmaṃ, kittimanāmaṃ, opapātikanāmanti. Tattha paṭhamakappikesu mahājanena sammannitvā ṭhapitattā ‘‘mahāsammato’’ti rañño nāmaṃ <span class="bld">sāmaññanāmaṃ</span>. Yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ ‘‘mahājanasammatoti kho, vāseṭṭha, ‘mahāsammato mahāsammato’tveva paṭhamaṃ akkharaṃ upanibbatta’’nti (dī. ni. 3.131). ‘‘Dhammakathiko paṃsukūliko vinayadharo tipiṭakadharo saddho sato’’ti evarūpaṃ guṇato āgatanāmaṃ <span class="bld">guṇanāmaṃ</span>. ‘‘Bhagavā <a name="P1.0307"></a> arahaṃ sammāsambuddho’’tiādīnipi tathāgatassa anekāni nāmasatāni guṇanāmāneva. Tena vuttaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Asaṅkhyeyyāni nāmāni, saguṇena mahesino;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Guṇehi nāmamuddheyyaṃ, api nāmasahassato’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yaṃ pana jātassa kumārakassa nāmaggahaṇadivase dakkhiṇeyyānaṃ sakkāraṃ katvā samīpe ṭhitā ñātakā kappetvā pakappetvā ‘‘ayaṃ asuko nāmā’’ti nāmaṃ karonti, idaṃ <span class="bld">kittimanāmaṃ</span>. Yā pana purimapaññatti aparapaññattiyaṃ patati, purimavohāro pacchimavohāre patati. Seyyathidaṃ, purimakappepi cando candoyeva nāma, etarahipi candoyeva. Atīte sūriyo, samuddo, pathavī, pabbato pabbatoyeva nāma, etarahipi pabbatoyevāti, idaṃ <span class="bld">opapātikanāmaṃ</span>. Idaṃ catubbidhampi nāmaṃ ekaṃ nāmameva <a name="V1.0252"></a> hoti<a name="M1.0278"></a>, taṃ lokasaṅketamattasiddhaṃ paramatthato avijjamānaṃ. Aññe pana ‘‘nāmaṃ nāma atthajotako saddo’’ti vadanti. Balabojjhaṅgamaggaṅgānaṃ vuttanayānusāreneva attho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="centered">Paṭisambhidāñāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">29-31. Ñāṇattayaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para78"></a><span class="paranum">78</span>. Ñāṇattayaniddese <a name="P1.0308"></a> <span class="bld">nimitta</span>nti saṅkhāranimittaṃ. <span class="bld">Animitte</span>ti saṅkhāranimittapaṭipakkhe nibbāne. <span class="bld">Adhimuttattā</span>ti tanninnabhāvena cittassa vissaṭṭhattā. <span class="bld">Phussa phussa vayaṃ passatī</span>ti saṅkhāranimittaṃ ñāṇena phusitvā phusitvā tassa bhaṅgaṃ vipassanāñāṇeneva passati. Etena bhaṅgānupassanā siddhā. Sā aniccānupassanaṃ sādheti, aniccassa dukkhattā sā dukkhānupassanaṃ, dukkhassa anattattā sā anattānupassananti evamettha tisso anupassanā vuttā honti. <span class="bld">Animitto vihāro</span>ti nimittaṃ bhayato diṭṭhattā so vipassanattayavihāro animittavihāro nāma hoti. <span class="bld">Paṇidhi</span>nti taṇhaṃ. <span class="bld">Appaṇihite</span>ti taṇhāpaṭipakkhe nibbāne. <span class="bld">Abhinivesa</span>nti attābhinivesaṃ. <span class="bld">Suññate</span>ti attavirahite nibbāne. <span class="bld">Suññato</span>ti suññaṃyeva suññato. <span class="bld">Pavattaṃ ajjhupekkhitvā</span>ti vipākappavattaṃ saṅkhārupekkhāya ajjhupekkhitvā. Sugatisaṅkhātavipākappavattābhinandino hi sattā. Ayaṃ pana phalasamāpattiṃ samāpajjitukāmo taṃ pavattaṃ, sabbañca saṅkhāragataṃ aniccādito passitvā ajjhupekkhatiyeva. Evañhi diṭṭhe phalasamāpattiṃ samāpajjituṃ sakkoti, na aññathā. <span class="bld">Āvajjitvā</span>ti āvajjanena āvajjitvā. <span class="bld">Samāpajjatī</span>ti phalasamāpattiṃ paṭipajjati. <span class="bld">Animittā samāpattī</span>ti nimittaṃ bhayato disvā samāpannattā animittā samāpatti nāma. <span class="bld">Animittavihārasamāpattī</span>ti vipassanāvihāravasena ca phalasamāpattivasena ca tadubhayaṃ nāma hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para79"></a><span class="paranum">79</span>. Idāni saṅkhāranimittameva vibhajitvā dassento <span class="bld">rūpanimitta</span>ntiādimāha. Jarāmaraṇaggahaṇe vattabbaṃ pubbe vuttameva. ‘‘Añño animittavihāro’’tiādīhi vutteyeva nigametvā dasseti. Saṅkhepena <span class="bld">vihāraṭṭhe ñāṇaṃ</span> nāma phalasamāpattiyā pubbabhāge saṅkhārupekkhāñāṇe ṭhitassa vipassanāvihāranānatte ñāṇaṃ <a name="P1.0309"></a> <span class="bld">samāpattaṭṭhe ñāṇaṃ</span> nāma phalasamāpattinānatte ñāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Vihārasamāpattaṭṭhe ñāṇaṃ</span> nāma tadubhayanānatte ñāṇaṃ. Vipassanāvihāreneva <a name="M1.0279"></a> vītināmetukāmo vipassanāvihārameva pavatteti, phalasamāpattivihāreneva vītināmetukāmo vipassanāpaṭipāṭiyā ussakkitvā <a name="V1.0253"></a> phalasamāpattivihārameva pavatteti, tadubhayena vītināmetukāmo tadubhayaṃ pavatteti. Evaṃ puggalādhippāyavasena tividhaṃ jātaṃ. Sesamettha vattabbaṃ saṅkhārupekkhāñāṇavaṇṇanāyaṃ vuttameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Ñāṇattayaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">32. Ānantarikasamādhiñāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para80"></a><span class="paranum">80</span>. Ānantarikasamādhiñāṇaniddese <a name="P1.0310"></a> <span class="bld">nekkhammavasenā</span>tiādīsu nekkhammaabyāpādaālokasaññāavikkhepadhammavavatthānañāṇapāmojjāni sukkhavipassakassa upacārajjhānasampayuttā tassa tassa kilesassa vipakkhabhūtā satta dhammā ekacittasampayuttā eva. <span class="bld">Cittassa ekaggatā avikkhepo</span>ti ekaggassa bhāvo ekaggatā, nānārammaṇe na vikkhipati tena cittanti avikkhepo, cittassa ekaggatāsaṅkhāto avikkhepoti attho. <span class="bld">Samādhī</span>ti ekārammaṇe samaṃ ādhīyati tena cittanti samādhi nāmāti attho. <span class="bld">Tassa samādhissa vasenā</span>ti upacārasamādhināpi samāhitacittassa yathābhūtāvabodhato vuttappakārassa samādhissa vasena. <span class="bld">Uppajjati ñāṇa</span>nti maggañāṇaṃ yathākkamena uppajjati. <span class="bld">Khīyantī</span>ti samucchedavasena khīyanti. <span class="bld">Itī</span>ti vuttappakārassa atthassa nigamanaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭhamaṃ samatho</span>ti pubbabhāge samādhi hoti. <span class="bld">Pacchā ñāṇa</span>nti aparabhāge maggakkhaṇe ñāṇaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāmāsavo</span>ti pañcakāmaguṇikarāgo. <span class="bld">Bhavāsavo</span>ti rūpārūpabhavesu chandarāgo jhānanikanti sassatadiṭṭhisahajāto rāgo bhavavasena patthanā. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhāsavo</span>ti dvāsaṭṭhi diṭṭhiyo. <span class="bld">Avijjāsavo</span>ti dukkhādīsu aṭṭhasu ṭhānesu aññāṇaṃ. Bhummavacanena okāsapucchaṃ katvā ‘‘sotāpattimaggenā’’tiādinā āsavakkhayakarena maggena āsavakkhayaṃ dassetvā ‘‘etthā’’ti okāsavissajjanaṃ kataṃ, maggakkhaṇeti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Anavaseso</span>ti natthi etassa avasesoti anavaseso. <span class="bld">Apāyagamanīyo</span>ti nirayatiracchānayonipettivisayāsurakāyā cattāro sukhasaṅkhātā ayā apetattā apāyā, yassa saṃvijjati<a name="M1.0280"></a>, taṃ puggalaṃ apāye gametīti apāyagamanīyo. Āsavakkhayakathā dubhatovuṭṭhānakathāyaṃ vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Avikkhepavasenā</span>ti pavattamānassa samādhissa <a name="P1.0311"></a> upanissayabhūtasamādhivasena. <span class="bld">Pathavīkasiṇavasenā</span>tiādīsu dasa kasiṇāni tadārammaṇikaappanāsamādhivasena vuttāni, buddhānussatiādayo <a name="V1.0254"></a> maraṇassati upasamānussati ca upacārajjhānavasena vuttā, ānāpānassati kāyagatāsati ca appanāsamādhivasena vuttā, dasa asubhā paṭhamajjhānavasena vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Buddhaṃ ārabbha uppannā anussati <span class="bld">buddhānussati</span>. ‘‘Itipi so bhagavā araha’’ntiādibuddhaguṇārammaṇāya (ma. ni. 1.74; a. ni. 3.71; 9.27) satiyā etaṃ adhivacanaṃ, tassā buddhānussatiyā vasena. Tathā dhammaṃ ārabbha uppannā anussati <span class="bld">dhammānussati</span>. ‘‘Svākkhāto bhagavatā dhammo’’tiādidhammaguṇārammaṇāya satiyā etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Saṅghaṃ ārabbha uppannā anussati <span class="bld">saṅghānussati</span>. ‘‘Suppaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho’’tiādisaṅghaguṇārammaṇāya satiyā etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Sīlaṃ ārabbha uppannā anussati <span class="bld">sīlānussati</span>. Attano akhaṇḍatādisīlaguṇārammaṇāya satiyā etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Cāgaṃ ārabbha uppannā anussati <span class="bld">cāgānussati</span>. Attano muttacāgatādicāgaguṇārammaṇāya satiyā etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Devatā ārabbha uppannā anussati <span class="bld">devatānussati</span>. Devatā sakkhiṭṭhāne ṭhapetvā attano saddhādiguṇārammaṇāya satiyā etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Ānāpāne ārabbha uppannā sati <span class="bld">ānāpānassati</span>. Ānāpānanimittārammaṇāya satiyā etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Maraṇaṃ ārabbha uppannā sati <span class="bld">maraṇassati</span>. Ekabhavapariyāpannajīvitindriyupacchedasaṅkhātamaraṇārammaṇāya satiyā etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Kucchitānaṃ kesādīnaṃ paṭikūlānaṃ āyattā ākarattā kāyotisaṅkhāte sarīre gatā pavattā, tādisaṃ vā kāyaṃ gatā sati <span class="bld">kāyagatāsati</span>. ‘‘Kāyagatasatī’’ti vattabbe rassaṃ akatvā ‘‘kāyagatāsatī’’ti vuttā. Tatheva idhāpi kāyagatāsativasenāti vuttaṃ. Kesādikesu kāyakoṭṭhāsesu paṭikūlanimittārammaṇāya satiyā etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Upasamaṃ ārabbha uppannā anussati <span class="bld">upasamānussati</span>. Sabbadukkhūpasamārammaṇāya satiyā etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Dasa asubhā heṭṭhā vuttatthā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para81"></a><span class="paranum">81</span>. <span class="bld">Dīghaṃ</span> <a name="M1.0281"></a> <span class="bld">assāsavasenā</span>tiādīni appanūpacārasamādhibhedaṃyeva dassetuṃ vuttāni. <span class="bld">Dīghaṃ assāsavasenā</span>ti dīghanti vuttaassāsavasena. ‘‘Dīghaṃ vā assasanto dīghaṃ assasāmīti pajānātī’’ti (dī. ni. 2.374; ma. ni. 1.107; 3.148) hi vuttaṃ. Esa nayo sesesupi. <span class="bld">Sabbakāyapaṭisaṃvedī</span>ti sabbassa assāsapassāsakāyassa <a name="P1.0312"></a> paṭisaṃvedī. <span class="bld">Passambhayaṃ kāyasaṅkhāra</span>nti oḷārikaṃ assāsapassāsaṅkhātaṃ kāyasaṅkhāraṃ passambhento vūpasamento. ‘‘Dīghaṃ rassaṃ sabbakāyapaṭisaṃvedī passambhayaṃ kāyasaṅkhāra’’nti imināva catukkena appanāsamādhi vutto. <span class="bld">Pītipaṭisaṃvedī</span>ti pītiṃ pākaṭaṃ karonto. <span class="bld">Cittasaṅkhārapaṭisaṃvedī</span>ti saññāvedanāsaṅkhātaṃ cittasaṅkhāraṃ pākaṭaṃ karonto. <span class="bld">Abhippamodayaṃ citta</span>nti cittaṃ modento. <span class="bld">Samādahaṃ citta</span>nti ārammaṇe <a name="V1.0255"></a> cittaṃ samaṃ ṭhapento. <span class="bld">Vimocayaṃ citta</span>nti cittaṃ nīvaraṇādīhi vimocento. <span class="bld">Pītipaṭisaṃvedī sukhapaṭisaṃvedī cittasaṅkhārapaṭisaṃvedī passambhayaṃ cittasaṅkhāra</span>nti catukkañca <span class="bld">cittapaṭisaṃvedī abhippamodayaṃ cittaṃ samādahaṃ cittaṃ vimocayaṃ citta</span>nti catukkañca appanāsamādhivasena vipassanāsampayuttasamādhivasena ca vuttāni. <span class="bld">Aniccānupassī</span>ti aniccānupassanāvasena. <span class="bld">Virāgānupassī</span>ti nibbidānupasanāvasena. <span class="bld">Nirodhānupassī</span>ti bhaṅgānupassanāvasena. <span class="bld">Paṭinissaggānupassī</span>ti vuṭṭhānagāminīvipassanāvasena. Sā hi tadaṅgavasena saddhiṃ khandhābhisaṅkhārehi kilese pariccajati. Saṅkhatadosadassanena ca tabbiparīte nibbāne tanninnatāya pakkhandati. Idaṃ catukkaṃ vipassanāsampayuttasamādhivaseneva vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Assāsavasena passāsavasenā</span>ti cettha assāsapassāsapavattimattaṃ gahetvā vuttaṃ, na tadārammaṇakaraṇavasena. Vitthāro panettha ānāpānakathāyaṃ āvibhavissati.</p>
<p class="centered">Ānantarikasamādhiñāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">33. Araṇavihārañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para82"></a><span class="paranum">82</span>. Araṇavihārañāṇaniddese <a name="P1.0313"></a> aniccānupassanādayo vuttatthā. <span class="bld">Suññato vihāro</span>ti anattānupassanāya vuṭṭhitassa suññatākāreneva pavattā arahattaphalasamāpatti. <span class="bld">Animitto vihāro</span>ti aniccānupassanāya vuṭṭhitassa animittākārena pavattā arahattaphalasamāpatti. <span class="bld">Appaṇihito</span> <a name="M1.0282"></a> <span class="bld">vihāro</span>ti dukkhānupassanāya vuṭṭhitassa appaṇihitākārena pavattā arahattaphalasamāpatti. <span class="bld">Suññate adhimuttatā</span>ti suññate phalasamāpattiyā pubbabhāgapaññāvasena adhimuttatā. Sesadvayepi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Paṭhamaṃ jhāna</span>ntiādīhi arahattaphalasamāpattiṃ samāpajjitukāmassa vipassanāya ārammaṇabhūtā jhānasamāpattiyo vuttā. Arahatoyeva hi vipassanāphalasamāpattipaṇītādhimuttijhānasamāpattiyo sabbakilesānaṃ pahīnattā ‘‘araṇavihāro’’ti vattuṃ arahanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭhamena jhānena nīvaraṇe haratīti araṇavihāro</span>ti paṭhamajjhānasamaṅgī paṭhamena jhānena nīvaraṇe haratīti taṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ araṇavihāroti attho. Sesesupi eseva nayo. Arahato nīvaraṇābhāvepi nīvaraṇavipakkhattā paṭhamassa jhānassa nīvaraṇe haratīti vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Vipassanāphalasamāpattipaṇītādhimuttivasena tidhā araṇavihārañāṇaṃ uddisitvā kasmā jhānasamāpattiyova <a name="V1.0256"></a> araṇavihāroti niddiṭṭhāti ce? Uddesavaseneva tāsaṃ tissannaṃ araṇavihāratāya siddhattā. Phalasamāpattivipassanāya pana bhūmibhūtānaṃ jhānasamāpattīnaṃ araṇavihāratā avutte na sijjhati, tasmā asiddhameva sādhetuṃ ‘‘paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ araṇavihāro’’tiādi vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Tāsañhi araṇavihāratā uddesavasena asiddhāpi niddese vuttattā siddhāti. Tesaṃ vā yojitanayeneva <a name="P1.0314"></a> ‘‘aniccānupassanā niccasaññaṃ haratīti araṇavihāro, dukkhānupassanā sukhasaññaṃ haratīti araṇavihāro, anattānupassanā attasaññaṃ haratīti araṇavihāro, suññato vihāro asuññataṃ haratīti araṇavihāro, animitto vihāro nimittaṃ haratīti araṇavihāro, appaṇihito vihāro paṇidhiṃ haratīti araṇavihāro, suññatādhimuttatā asuññatādhimuttiṃ haratīti araṇavihāro, animittādhimuttatā nimittādhimuttiṃ haratīti araṇavihāro, appaṇihitādhimuttatā paṇihitādhimuttiṃ haratīti araṇavihāro’’ti yojetvā gahetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Araṇavihārañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">34. Nirodhasamāpattiñāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para83"></a><span class="paranum">83</span>. Nirodhasamāpattiñāṇaniddese <a name="P1.0315"></a><a name="M1.0283"></a> <span class="bld">samathabala</span>nti kāmacchandādayo paccanīkadhamme sametīti samatho, soyeva akampanīyaṭṭhena balaṃ. Anāgāmiarahantānaṃyeva samādhipaṭipakkhassa kāmacchandassa pahānena samādhismiṃ paripūrakāribhāvappattattā tesaṃyeva samādhi balappattoti katvā ‘‘samathabala’’nti vuccati, na aññesaṃ. Samādhibalantipi pāṭho. <span class="bld">Vipassanābala</span>nti aniccādivasena vividhehi ākārehi dhamme passatīti vipassanā, sāyeva akampanīyaṭṭhena balaṃ. Tesaṃyeva ubhinnaṃ balappattaṃ vipassanāñāṇaṃ. Tattha samathabalaṃ anupubbena cittasantānavūpasamanatthaṃ nirodhe ca paṭipādanatthaṃ, vipassanābalaṃ pavatte ādīnavadassanatthaṃ nirodhe ca ānisaṃsadassanatthaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nīvaraṇe</span>ti nimittatthe bhummavacanaṃ, nīvaraṇanimittaṃ nīvaraṇapaccayāti attho. Karaṇatthe vā bhummavacanaṃ, nīvaraṇenāti attho. <span class="bld">Na kampatī</span>ti jhānasamaṅgīpuggalo. Atha vā jhānanti jhānaṅgānaṃ adhippetattā paṭhamena jhānena taṃsampayuttasamādhi nīvaraṇe na kampati. Ayameva cettha yojanā gahetabbā. <span class="bld">Uddhacce cā</span>ti uddhaccasahagatacittuppāde uddhacce ca. <span class="bld">Uddhacca</span>nti ca uddhatabhāvo<a name="V1.0257"></a>, taṃ avūpasamalakkhaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Uddhaccasahagatakilese cā</span>ti uddhaccena sahagate ekuppādādibhāvaṃ gate uddhaccasampayutte mohaahirikaanottappakilese ca. <span class="bld">Khandhe cā</span>ti uddhaccasampayuttacatukkhandhe ca. <span class="bld">Na kampati na calati na vedhatī</span>ti aññamaññavevacanāni. Uddhacce na kampati, uddhaccasahagatakilese na calati, uddhaccasahagatakkhandhe na vedhatīti yojetabbaṃ. Vipassanābalaṃ sattannaṃyeva anupassanānaṃ vuttattā <a name="P1.0316"></a> tāsaṃyeva vasena vipassanābalaṃ paripuṇṇaṃ hotīti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Avijjāya cā</span>ti dvādasasupi akusalacittuppādesu avijjāya ca. <span class="bld">Avijjāsahagatakilese cā</span>ti yathāyogaṃ avijjāya sampayuttalobhadosamānadiṭṭhivicikicchāthinauddhaccaahirikaanottappakilese ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vacīsaṅkhārā</span>ti vitakkavicārā. ‘‘Pubbe kho, āvuso visākha, vitakketvā vicāretvā pacchā vācaṃ bhindati, tasmā vitakkavicārā vacīsaṅkhāro’’ti (ma. ni. 1.463) vacanato <a name="M1.0284"></a> vācaṃ saṅkharonti uppādentīti vacīsaṅkhārā. <span class="bld">Kāyasaṅkhārā</span>ti assāsapassāsā. ‘‘Assāsapassāsā kho, āvuso visākha, kāyikā ete dhammā kāyapaṭibaddhā, tasmā assāsapassāsā kāyasaṅkhāro’’ti (ma. ni. 1.463) vacanato kāyena saṅkharīyantīti kāyasaṅkhārā. <span class="bld">Saññāvedayitanirodha</span>nti saññāya vedanāya ca nirodhaṃ. <span class="bld">Cittasaṅkhārā</span>ti saññā ca vedanā ca. ‘‘Cetasikā ete dhammā cittapaṭibaddhā, tasmā saññā ca vedanā ca cittasaṅkhāro’’ti (ma. ni. 1.463) vacanato cittena saṅkharīyantīti cittasaṅkhārā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para84"></a><span class="paranum">84</span>. Ñāṇacariyāsu anupassanāvasāne, vivaṭṭanānupassanāgahaṇena vā tassā ādibhūtā cariyākathāya ñāṇacariyāti vuttā sesānupassanāpi gahitā hontīti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Soḷasahi ñāṇacariyāhī</span>ti ca ukkaṭṭhaparicchedo, anāgāmissa pana arahattamaggaphalavajjāhi cuddasahipi hoti paripuṇṇabalattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para85"></a><span class="paranum">85</span>. <span class="bld">Navahi samādhicariyāhī</span>ti ettha paṭhamajjhānādīhi aṭṭha, paṭhamajjhānādīnaṃ paṭilābhatthāya sabbattha upacārajjhānavasena ekāti nava samādhicariyā. Balacariyānaṃ kiṃ nānattaṃ? Samathabalenapi hi ‘‘nekkhammavasenā’’tiādīhi sattahi pariyāyehi upacārasamādhi vutto, peyyālavitthārato ‘‘paṭhamajjhānavasenā’’tiādīhi samasattatiyā vārehi yathāyogaṃ appanūpacārasamādhi vutto, samādhicariyāyapi ‘‘paṭhamaṃ jhāna’’ntiādīhi aṭṭhahi pariyāyehi appanāsamādhi vutto. <span class="bld">Paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ paṭilābhatthāyā</span>tiādīhi aṭṭhahi pariyāyehi upacārasamādhi vuttoti ubhayatthāpi appanūpacārasamādhiyeva vutto. Evaṃ santepi akampiyaṭṭhena balāni vasībhāvaṭṭhena <a name="V1.0258"></a> cariyāti veditabbā. Vipassanābale pana satta anupassanāva ‘‘vipassanābala’’nti vuttā, ñāṇacariyāya satta ca anupassanā vuttā, vivaṭṭanānupassanādayo nava ca visesetvā <a name="P1.0317"></a> vuttā. Idaṃ nesaṃ nānattaṃ. Satta anupassanā pana akampiyaṭṭhena balāni vasībhāvaṭṭhena cariyāti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Vasībhāvatā paññā’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.34 mātikā) ettha vuttavasiyo vissajjetuṃ <span class="bld">vasīti pañca vasiyo</span>ti itthiliṅgavohārena vuttaṃ. Vaso eva vasīti vuttaṃ hoti. Puna <a name="M1.0285"></a> puggalādhiṭṭhānāya desanāya tā vasiyo vissajjento <span class="bld">āvajjanavasī</span>tiādimāha. Āvajjanāya vaso āvajjanavaso, so assa atthīti āvajjanavasī. Eseva nayo sesesu. <span class="bld">Paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ yatthicchaka</span>nti yattha yattha padese icchati gāme vā araññe vā, tattha tattha āvajjati. <span class="bld">Yadicchaka</span>nti yadā yadā kāle sītakāle vā uṇhakāle vā, tadā tadā āvajjati. Atha vā yaṃ yaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ icchati pathavīkasiṇārammaṇaṃ vā sesārammaṇaṃ vā, taṃ taṃ āvajjati. Ekekakasiṇārammaṇassāpi jhānassa vasitānaṃ vuttattā purimayojanāyeva sundaratarā. <span class="bld">Yāvaticchaka</span>nti yāvatakaṃ kālaṃ icchati accharāsaṅghātamattaṃ sattāhaṃ vā, tāvatakaṃ kālaṃ āvajjati. <span class="bld">Āvajjanāyā</span>ti manodvārāvajjanāya. <span class="bld">Dandhāyitatta</span>nti avasavattibhāvo, alasabhāvo vā. <span class="bld">Samāpajjatī</span>ti paṭipajjati, appetīti attho. <span class="bld">Adhiṭṭhātī</span>ti antosamāpattiyaṃ adhikaṃ katvā tiṭṭhati. <span class="bld">Vuṭṭhānavasiyaṃ</span>paṭhamaṃ jhānanti nissakkatthe upayogavacanaṃ, paṭhamajjhānāti attho. <span class="bld">Paccavekkhatī</span>ti paccavekkhaṇajavanehi nivattitvā passati. Ayamettha pāḷivaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ayaṃ pana atthappakāsanā – paṭhamajjhānato vuṭṭhāya vitakkaṃ āvajjayato bhavaṅgaṃ upacchinditvā pavattāvajjanānantaraṃ vitakkārammaṇāneva cattāri pañca vā javanāni javanti, tato dve bhavaṅgāni, tato puna vicārārammaṇaṃ āvajjanaṃ vuttanayeneva javanānīti evaṃ pañcasu jhānaṅgesu yadā nirantaraṃ cittaṃ pesetuṃ sakkoti, athassa āvajjanavasī siddhāva hoti. Ayaṃ pana matthakappattā vasī bhagavato yamakapāṭihāriyeva labbhati. Ito paraṃ sīghatarā āvajjanavasī nāma natthi. Aññesaṃ pana antarantarā bhavaṅgavāre gaṇanā natthi. Mahāmoggallānattherassa nandopanandadamane viya sīghaṃ samāpattisamāpajjanasamatthatā samāpajjanavasī nāma. Accharāmattaṃ vā dasaccharāmattaṃ vā khaṇaṃ samāpattiṃ ṭhapetuṃ samatthatā adhiṭṭhānavasī <a name="P1.0318"></a> nāma. Tatheva tato lahuṃ vuṭṭhānasamatthatā vuṭṭhānavasī nāma. Paccavekkhaṇavasī pana āvajjanavasiyā eva vuttā. Paccavekkhaṇajavanāneva hi tattha āvajjanānantarānīti. Iti <a name="V1.0259"></a> āvajjanavasiyā siddhāya paccavekkhaṇavasī siddhā hoti, adhiṭṭhānavasiyā ca siddhāya vuṭṭhānavasī siddhā hoti. Evaṃ santepi ‘‘ayaṃ pana matthakappattā vasī bhagavato yamakapāṭihāriyeva labbhatī’’ti vuttattā pāṭihāriyakāle jhānaṅgapaccavekkhaṇānaṃ abhāvato <a name="M1.0286"></a> nānāvidhavaṇṇādinimmānassa nānākasiṇavasena ijjhanato taṃtaṃkasiṇārammaṇaṃ jhānaṃ samāpajjitukāmassa yathāruci lahuṃ tasmiṃ kasiṇe vuttanayena āvajjanapavattanasamatthatā āvajjanavasī, tadāvajjanavīthiyaṃyeva tassa jhānassa appanāsamatthatāsamāpajjanasamatthatā samāpajjanavasī. Evañhi vuccamāne yutti ca na virujjhati, vasīpaṭipāṭi ca yathākkameneva yujjati. Jhānaṅgapaccavekkhaṇāyaṃ pana ‘‘matthakappattāyeva pañca javanānī’’ti vuttattā vuttanayena sattasupi javanesu javantesu paccavekkhaṇavasīyeva hoti. Evaṃ sante ‘‘paṭhamajjhānaṃ āvajjatī’’ti vacanaṃ na yujjatīti ce? Yathā kasiṇe pavattaṃ jhānaṃ kāraṇopacārena kasiṇanti vuttaṃ, tathā jhānapaccayaṃ kasiṇaṃ ‘‘sukho buddhānamuppādo’’tiādīsu (dha. pa. 194) viya phalopacārena jhānanti vuttaṃ. Yathāparicchinne kāle ṭhatvā vuṭṭhitassa niddāya pabuddhassa puna niddokkamane viya puna jhānokkamane satipi adhiṭṭhānavasīyeva nāma, yathāparicchedena vuṭṭhitassa pana vuṭṭhāneyeva adhiṭṭhāne satipi vuṭṭhānavasī nāma hotīti ayaṃ tesaṃ viseso.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nirodhasamāpattiyā vibhāvanatthaṃ pana idaṃ pañhakammaṃ – kā nirodhasamāpatti, ke taṃ samāpajjanti, ke na samāpajjanti, kattha samāpajjanti, kasmā samāpajjanti, kathañcassā samāpajjanaṃ hoti, kathaṃ ṭhānaṃ, kathaṃ vuṭṭhānaṃ, vuṭṭhitassa kinninnaṃ cittaṃ hoti, matassa ca samāpannassa ca ko viseso, nirodhasamāpatti <a name="P1.0319"></a> kiṃ saṅkhatā asaṅkhatā lokiyā lokuttarā nipphannā anipphannāti?</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">kā nirodhasamāpattī</span>ti? Yā anupubbanirodhavasena cittacetasikānaṃ dhammānaṃ appavatti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ke taṃ samāpajjanti, ke na samāpajjantī</span>ti? Sabbepi puthujjanā sotāpannā sakadāgāmino sukkhavipassakā ca anāgāmī arahanto na samāpajjanti, aṭṭhasamāpattilābhino pana anāgāmino ca khīṇāsavā ca samāpajjanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kattha</span> <a name="V1.0260"></a><a name="M1.0287"></a> <span class="bld">samāpajjantī</span>ti? Pañcavokārabhave. Kasmā? Anupubbasamāpattisabbhāvato. Catuvokārabhave pana paṭhamajjhānādīnaṃ uppattiyeva natthi, tasmā na sakkā tattha samāpajjituṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kasmā samāpajjantī</span>ti? Saṅkhārānaṃ pavattibhede ukkaṇṭhitvā diṭṭheva dhamme acittakā hutvā ‘‘nirodhaṃ nibbānaṃ patvā sukhaṃ viharissāmā’’ti samāpajjanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kathaṃ cassā samāpajjanaṃ hotī</span>ti? Samathavipassanāvasena ussakkitvā katapubbakiccassa nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ nirodhayato evamassā samāpajjanaṃ hoti. Yo hi samathavaseneva ussakkati, so nevasaññānāsaññāyatanasamāpattiṃ patvā tiṭṭhati. Yo vipassanāvaseneva ussakkati, so phalasamāpattiṃ patvā tiṭṭhati. Yo pana ubhayavasena ussakkitvā nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ nirodheti, so taṃ samāpajjatīti ayamettha saṅkhepo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ayaṃ pana vitthāro – idha bhikkhu nirodhaṃ samāpajjitukāmo katabhattakicco sudhotahatthapādo vivitte okāse supaññatte āsane nisīdati pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā ujuṃ kāyaṃ paṇidhāya parimukhaṃ satiṃ upaṭṭhapetvā. So paṭhamajjhānaṃ samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhāya tattha saṅkhāre aniccato dukkhato anattato vipassati. Vipassanā panesā tividhā hoti – saṅkhārapariggaṇhanakavipassanā, phalasamāpattivipassanā, nirodhasamāpattivipassanāti. Tattha saṅkhārapariggaṇhanakavipassanā mandā vā hotu tikkhā vā, maggassa padaṭṭhānaṃ hotiyeva. Phalasamāpattivipassanā tikkhāva vaṭṭati maggabhāvanāsadisā. Nirodhasamāpattivipassanā pana nātimandā nātitikkhā vaṭṭati. Tasmā esa nātimandāya nātitikkhāya vipassanāya te saṅkhāre vipassati. Tato dutiyajjhānaṃ samāpajjitvā <a name="P1.0320"></a> vuṭṭhāya tattha saṅkhāre tatheva vipassati. Tato tatiyajjhānaṃ…pe… tato viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhāya tattha saṅkhāre tatheva vipassati. Atha ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhāya catubbidhaṃ pubbakiccaṃ karoti – nānābaddhaavikopanaṃ, saṅghapaṭimānanaṃ, satthupakkosanaṃ, addhānaparicchedanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">nānābaddhaavikopana</span>nti yaṃ iminā bhikkhunā saddhiṃ ekābaddhaṃ na hoti, nānābaddhaṃ hutvā ṭhitaṃ pattacīvaraṃ vā mañcapīṭhaṃ vā nivāsagehaṃ vā aññaṃ <a name="M1.0288"></a> vā pana kiñci parikkhārajātaṃ, taṃ yathā na vikuppati, aggiudakavātacoraundūrādīnaṃ vasena na vinassati, evaṃ adhiṭṭhātabbaṃ. Tatridaṃ adhiṭṭhānavidhānaṃ – ‘‘idañcidañca imasmiṃ sattāhabbhantare mā agginā jhāyatu, mā udakena vuyhatu, mā vātena viddhaṃsatu, mā corehi harīyatu, mā undūrādīhi <a name="V1.0261"></a> khajjatū’’ti. Evaṃ adhiṭṭhite taṃ sattāhaṃ tassa na koci parissayo hoti, anadhiṭṭhahato pana aggiādīhi vinassati. Idaṃ nānābaddhaavikopanaṃ nāma. Yaṃ pana ekābaddhaṃ hoti nivāsanapārupanaṃ vā nisinnāsanaṃ vā, tattha visuṃ adhiṭṭhānakiccaṃ natthi, samāpattiyeva naṃ rakkhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saṅghapaṭimānana</span>nti bhikkhusaṅghassa paṭimānanaṃ udikkhanaṃ. Yāva eso bhikkhu āgacchati, tāva saṅghakammassa akaraṇanti attho. Ettha ca na paṭimānanaṃ etassa pubbakiccaṃ, paṭimānanāvajjanaṃ pana pubbakiccaṃ. Tasmā evaṃ āvajjitabbaṃ – ‘‘sace mayi sattāhaṃ nirodhaṃ samāpajjitvā nisinne saṅgho apalokanakammādīsu kiñcideva kammaṃ kattukāmo hoti, yāva maṃ koci bhikkhu āgantvā na pakkosati, tāvadeva vuṭṭhahissāmī’’ti. Evaṃ katvā samāpanno hi tasmiṃ samaye vuṭṭhātiyeva. Yo pana evaṃ na karoti, saṅgho ca sannipatitvā taṃ apassanto ‘‘asuko bhikkhu kuhi’’nti pucchitvā ‘‘nirodhaṃ samāpanno’’ti vutte kañci bhikkhuṃ peseti ‘‘gaccha taṃ saṅghassa vacanena pakkosā’’ti. Athassa tena bhikkhunā savanūpacāre ṭhatvā ‘‘saṅgho taṃ āvuso paṭimānetī’’ti vuttamatteyeva vuṭṭhānaṃ hoti. Evaṃgarukā hi saṅghassa āṇā <a name="P1.0321"></a> nāma. Tasmā taṃ āvajjitvā yathā sayameva vuṭṭhāti, evaṃ samāpajjitabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Satthupakkosana</span>nti idhāpi satthupakkosanāvajjanameva imassa pubbakiccaṃ. Tasmā tampi evaṃ āvajjitabbaṃ – ‘‘sace mayi sattāhaṃ nirodhaṃ samāpajjitvā nisinne satthā otiṇṇe vatthusmiṃ sikkhāpadaṃ vā paññapeti, tathārūpāya vā aṭṭhuppattiyā dhammaṃ deseti. Yāva maṃ koci āgantvā na pakkosati, tāvadeva vuṭṭhahissāmī’’ti. Evaṃ katvā nisinno hi tasmiṃ samaye vuṭṭhātiyeva. Yo pana evaṃ na karoti, satthā ca saṅghe sannipatite taṃ apassanto ‘‘asuko bhikkhu kuhi’’nti pucchitvā ‘‘nirodhaṃ samāpanno’’ti vutte kañci bhikkhuṃ peseti ‘‘gaccha taṃ mama vacanena pakkosā’’ti. Athassa <a name="M1.0289"></a> tena bhikkhunā savanūpacāre ṭhatvā satthā āyasmantaṃ āmantetī’’ti vuttamatteyeva vuṭṭhānaṃ hoti. Evaṃgarukañhi satthupakkosanaṃ. Tasmā taṃ āvajjitvā yathā sayameva vuṭṭhāti, evaṃ samāpajjitabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Addhānaparicchedo</span>ti jīvitaddhānassa paricchedo. Iminā hi bhikkhunā addhānaparicchede kusalena bhavitabbaṃ. ‘‘Attano āyusaṅkhārā sattāhaṃ pavattissanti, na pavattissantī’’ti āvajjitvāva samāpajjitabbaṃ. Sace hi sattāhabbhantare nirujjhanake āyusaṅkhāre anāvajjitvāva <a name="V1.0262"></a> samāpajjati, tassa nirodhasamāpatti maraṇaṃ paṭibāhituṃ na sakkoti. Antonirodhe maraṇassa natthitāya antarāva samāpattito vuṭṭhāti, tasmā etaṃ āvajjitvāva samāpajjitabbaṃ. Avasesañhi anāvajjitumpi vaṭṭati, idaṃ pana āvajjitabbamevāti vuttaṃ. So evaṃ ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhāya imaṃ pubbakiccaṃ katvā nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ samāpajjati. Athekaṃ vā dve vā cittavāre atikkamitvā acittako hoti, nirodhaṃ phusati. Kasmā panassa dvinnaṃ cittānaṃ upari cittāni nappavattantīti? Nirodhassa payogattā. Idañhi imassa bhikkhuno dve samathavipassanādhamme yuganaddhe katvā aṭṭhasamāpattiārohanaṃ anupubbanirodhassa payogo, na nevasaññānāsaññāyatanasamāpattiyāti <a name="P1.0322"></a> nirodhassa payogattā dvinnaṃ cittānaṃ upari nappavattanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kathaṃ ṭhāna</span>nti? Evaṃ samāpannāya panassā kālaparicchedavasena ceva antarā āyukkhayasaṅghapaṭimānanasatthupakkosanābhāvena ca ṭhānaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kathaṃ vuṭṭhāna</span>nti? Anāgāmissa anāgāmiphalasamāpattiyā arahato arahattaphalasamāpattiyāti evaṃ dvedhā vuṭṭhānaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vuṭṭhitassa kinninnaṃ cittaṃ hotī</span>ti? Nibbānaninnaṃ. Vuttañhetaṃ – ‘‘saññāvedayitanirodhasamāpattiyā vuṭṭhitassa kho, āvuso visākha, bhikkhuno vivekaninnaṃ cittaṃ hoti vivekapoṇaṃ vivekapabbhāra’’nti (ma. ni. 1.464).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Matassa ca samāpannassa ca ko viseso</span>ti? Ayampi attho sutte vuttoyeva. Yathāha – ‘‘yo cāyaṃ, āvuso, mato kālaṅkato, tassa <a name="M1.0290"></a> kāyasaṅkhārā niruddhā paṭippassaddhā, vacīsaṅkhārā, cittasaṅkhārā niruddhā paṭippassaddhā, āyu parikkhīṇo, usmā vūpasantā, indriyāni paribhinnāni. Yvāyaṃ bhikkhu saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ samāpanno, tassapi kāyasaṅkhārā niruddhā paṭippassaddhā, vacīsaṅkhārā, cittasaṅkhārā niruddhā paṭippassaddhā, āyu aparikkhīṇo, usmā avūpasantā, indriyāni aparibhinnānī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.457).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nirodhasamāpatti kiṃ saṅkhatā</span>tiādipucchāyaṃ pana ‘‘saṅkhatā’’tipi ‘‘asaṅkhatā’’tipi ‘‘lokiyā’’tipi ‘‘lokuttarā’’tipi na vattabbā. Kasmā? Sabhāvato natthitāya. Yasmā pana samāpajjantassa <a name="V1.0263"></a> vasena samāpanno nāma hoti, tasmā nipphannāti vattuṃ vaṭṭati, no anipphannāti.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Iti santā samāpatti, ayaṃ ariyanisevitā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Diṭṭheva dhamme nibbānamiti saṅkhamupāgatā’’ti.</p>
<p class="centered">Nirodhasamāpattiñāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">35. Parinibbānañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para86"></a><span class="paranum">86</span>. Parinibbānañāṇaniddese <a name="P1.0323"></a> <span class="bld">idhā</span>ti imasmiṃ sāsane. <span class="bld">Sampajāno</span>ti sātthakasampajaññaṃ, sappāyasampajaññaṃ, gocarasampajaññaṃ, asammohasampajaññanti imehi catūhi sampajaññehi sampajāno. <span class="bld">Pavatta</span>nti sabbattha yathānurūpaṃ pariyuṭṭhānapavattañca anusayappavattañca. <span class="bld">Pariyādiyatī</span>ti upacārappanāvasena vuttesu vikkhambhanavasena, vipassanāvasena vuttesu tadaṅgavasena, maggavasena vuttesu samucchedavasena khepeti appavattaṃ karoti. Peyyālamukhena hi dutiyādijhānasamāpattimahāvipassanāmaggā saṃkhittā. Yasmā etaṃ paccavekkhantassa pavattaṃ ñāṇaṃ parinibbāne ñāṇaṃ nāma hoti, tasmā vikkhambhanaparinibbānaṃ tadaṅgaparinibbānaṃ samucchedaparinibbānantipi vuttameva hoti. Etehi kilesaparinibbānapaccavekkhaṇañāṇaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Atha vā panā</span>tiādīhi khandhaparinibbānapaccavekkhaṇañāṇaṃ niddisati. <span class="bld">Anupādisesāya nibbānadhātuyā</span>ti duvidhā hi nibbānadhātu saupādisesā ca anupādisesā ca. Tattha upādīyate ‘‘ahaṃ mamā’’ti bhusaṃ gaṇhīyatīti upādi, khandhapañcakassetaṃ <a name="M1.0291"></a> adhivacanaṃ. Upādiyeva seso avasiṭṭhoti upādiseso, saha upādisesena vattatīti saupādisesā. Natthettha upādisesoti anupādisesā. Saupādisesā paṭhamaṃ vuttā. Ayaṃ pana anupādisesā. Tāya anupādisesāya nibbānadhātuyā. <span class="bld">Cakkhupavatta</span>nti cakkhupavatti cakkhusamudācāro. <span class="bld">Pariyādiyatī</span>ti khepīyati maddīyatīti. Esa nayo sesesu.</p>
<p class="centered">Parinibbānañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">36. Samasīsaṭṭhañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para87"></a><span class="paranum">87</span>. Samasīsaṭṭhañāṇaniddese <a name="V1.0264"></a><a name="P1.0324"></a> <span class="bld">pañcakkhandhā</span>tiādīhi dasahi rāsīhi sabbadhammasaṅgaho veditabbo. Na hi ekekassa vasena āyatanadhāturāsivajjehi sesehi aṭṭhahi rāsīhi visuṃ visuṃ sabbadhammo saṅgayhatīti. Yasmā pana lokuttaradhammā hetusamucchedena samucchinditabbā na honti, tasmā sabbadhammasaddena saṅgahitāpi lokuttaradhammā samucchedavasena sambhavato idha na gahetabbā, hetusamucchedena samucchinditabbā eva tebhūmakadhammā gahetabbā. <span class="bld">Sammā samucchindatī</span>ti yathāyogaṃ vikkhambhanatadaṅgasamucchedapahānavasena pariyuṭṭhānaṃ anusayañca nirodhento sammā samucchindati. Evaṃ puggalādhiṭṭhānāya desanāya sammā samucchedo niddiṭṭho. <span class="bld">Nirodhetī</span>ti anuppādanirodhena nirodheti. Iminā samucchedattho vutto. <span class="bld">Na upaṭṭhātī</span>ti evaṃ nirodhe kate so so dhammo puna na upatiṭṭhati, na uppajjatīti attho. Iminā nirodhattho vutto. Evaṃ anupaṭṭhahanadhammavasena anupaṭṭhānabhāvo niddiṭṭho. <span class="bld">Sama</span>nti kāmacchandādīnaṃ samitattā samaṃ. Tāni pana nekkhammādīni satta, rūpārūpajjhānāni aṭṭha, mahāvipassanā aṭṭhārasa, ariyamaggā cattāroti sattatiṃsa honti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Terasa sīsāni sīsabhūtānaṃ sabbesaṃ saṅgahavasena vuttāni. Idha pana saddhādīni aṭṭheva sīsāni yujjanti. Na hi arahato taṇhādīni pañca sīsāni santi. <span class="bld">Palibodhasīsa</span>nti palibundhanaṃ palibodho, nibbānamaggāvaraṇanti attho. <span class="bld">Sīsa</span>nti padhānaṃ, adhikanti attho. Palibodhoyeva sīsaṃ, taṃsampayuttādisabbapalibodhesu <a name="P1.0325"></a><a name="M1.0292"></a> vā sīsanti palibodhasīsaṃ. Esa nayo sesesu. Visesato pana <span class="bld">vinibandhana</span>nti unnativasena saṃsāre bandhanaṃ. <span class="bld">Parāmāso</span>ti abhiniveso. <span class="bld">Vikkhepo</span>ti vippakiṇṇatā. <span class="bld">Kileso</span>ti kilissanaṃ. <span class="bld">Adhimokkho</span>ti adhimuccanaṃ. <span class="bld">Paggaho</span>ti ussāhanaṃ. <span class="bld">Upaṭṭhāna</span>nti apilāpanaṃ. <span class="bld">Avikkhepo</span>ti avippakiṇṇatā. <span class="bld">Dassana</span>nti yathāsabhāvapaṭivedho. <span class="bld">Pavatta</span>nti upādinnakkhandhapavattaṃ. <span class="bld">Gocaro</span>ti ārammaṇaṃ. Imesu dvādasasupi vāresu padhānaṭṭho sīsaṭṭho. <span class="bld">Vimokkho</span>ti vikkhambhanatadaṅgasamucchedapaṭippassaddhinissaraṇavimuttīsu pañcasu nissaraṇavimutti nibbānaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṅkhārasīsa</span>nti sabbasaṅkhatasaṅkhārānaṃ sīsaṃ, koṭi avasānanti attho. Etena anupādisesaparinibbānaṃ vuttaṃ. Saṅkhārābhāvamattavasena vā khandhaparinibbānameva vuttaṃ hoti. Nekkhammādikaṃ samañca saddhādikaṃ sīsañca, samasīsaṃ vā assa atthīti samasīsīti. Atha vā terasannaṃ sīsānaṃ taṇhādīni pañca sīsāni samudayasaccaṃ, saddhādīni pañca maggasaccaṃ, pavattasīsaṃ jīvitindriyaṃ dukkhasaccaṃ, gocarasīsañca saṅkhārasīsañca nirodhasaccanti imesaṃ catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ ekasmiṃ roge vā ekasmiṃ <a name="V1.0265"></a> iriyāpathe vā ekasmiṃ sabhāgajīvitindriye vā abhisamayo ca anupādisesaparinibbānañca yassa hoti, so pubbe vuttasamānañca imesañca sīsānaṃ atthitāya samasīsīti vuccati.</p>
<p class="centered">Samasīsaṭṭhañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">37. Sallekhaṭṭhañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para88"></a><span class="paranum">88</span>. Sallekhaṭṭhañāṇaniddese <a name="P1.0326"></a> <span class="bld">rāgo puthū</span>ti rāgo visuṃ, lokuttarehi asammissoti attho. Esa nayo sesesu. <span class="bld">Rāgo</span>ti rañjanaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Doso</span>ti dussanaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Moho</span>ti muyhanaṭṭhena. Rañjanalakkhaṇo rāgo, dussanalakkhaṇo doso, muyhanalakkhaṇo mohoti ime tayo sīsakilese vatvā idāni pabhedato dassento <span class="bld">kodho</span>tiādimāha. Tattha kujjhanalakkhaṇo <span class="bld">kodho</span>ti idha sattavatthuko adhippeto. Upanandhanalakkhaṇo <span class="bld">upanāho,</span> daḷhabhāvappatto kodhoyeva. Paraguṇamakkhanalakkhaṇo <span class="bld">makkho,</span> paraguṇapuñchananti attho. Yugaggāhalakkhaṇo <span class="bld">paḷāso,</span> yugaggāhavasena paraguṇadassananti attho. Parasampattikhīyanalakkhaṇā <span class="bld">issā,</span> usūyanāti attho<a name="M1.0293"></a>. Attasampattinigūhanalakkhaṇaṃ <span class="bld">macchariyaṃ,</span> ‘‘mayhaṃ acchariyaṃ mā parassa hotū’’ti attho. Attanā katapāpapaṭicchādanalakkhaṇā <span class="bld">māyā,</span> paṭicchādanaṭṭhena māyā viyāti attho. Attano avijjamānaguṇappakāsanalakkhaṇaṃ <span class="bld">sāṭheyyaṃ,</span> saṭhabhāvoti attho. Cittassa uddhumātabhāvalakkhaṇo <span class="bld">thambho,</span> thaddhabhāvoti attho. Karaṇuttariyalakkhaṇo <span class="bld">sārambho</span>. Unnatilakkhaṇo <span class="bld">māno</span>. Abbhunnatilakkhaṇo <span class="bld">atimāno</span>. Mattabhāvalakkhaṇo <span class="bld">mado</span>. Pañcasu kāmaguṇesu cittavosaggalakkhaṇo <span class="bld">pamādo</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ visuṃ visuṃ kilesavasena puthū dassetvā vuttakilese ca avutte ca aññe sabbasaṅgāhikavasena dassetuṃ <span class="bld">sabbe kilesā</span>tiādimāha. Tattha diṭṭhadhammasamparāyesu satte kilesenti upatāpenti vibādhentīti kilesā. Akusalakammapathasaṅgahitā ca asaṅgahitā ca. Duṭṭhu caritā, duṭṭhā vā caritāti <span class="bld">duccaritā</span>. Te pana kāyaduccaritaṃ vacīduccaritaṃ manoduccaritanti tippakārā. Vipākaṃ abhisaṅkharontīti <span class="bld">abhisaṅkhārā</span>. Tepi puññābhisaṅkhāro apuññābhisaṅkhāro <a name="P1.0327"></a> āneñjābhisaṅkhāroti tippakārā. Vipākavasena bhavaṃ gacchantītibhavagāmino<a name="V1.0266"></a>, bhavagāmino kammā <span class="bld">bhavagāmikammā</span>. Iminā abhisaṅkhārabhāvepi sati avedanīyāni kammāni paṭikkhittāni hontīti ayaṃ viseso. ‘‘Duccaritā’’ti ca ‘‘kammā’’ti ca liṅgavipallāso kato. <span class="bld">Nānattekatta</span>nti ettha uddese ekattasaddassa abhāvepi nānattekattānaṃ aññamaññāpekkhattā ekattampi niddisitukāmena ‘‘nānattekatta’’nti uddeso kato. Nānattasallekhake ekatte dassite sallekhañāṇaṃ sukhena dassīyatīti. <span class="bld">Nānatta</span>nti anavaṭṭhitattā saparipphandattā ca nānāsabhāvo. <span class="bld">Ekatta</span>nti avaṭṭhitattā aparipphandattā ca ekasabhāvo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Caraṇatejo</span>ti caranti tena agataṃ disaṃ nibbānaṃ gacchantīti caraṇaṃ. Kiṃ taṃ? Sīlaṃ. Tadeva paṭipakkhatāpanaṭṭhena tejo. <span class="bld">Guṇatejo</span>ti sīlena laddhapatiṭṭho samādhitejo. <span class="bld">Paññātejo</span>ti samādhinā laddhapatiṭṭho vipassanātejo. <span class="bld">Puññatejo</span>ti vipassanāhi laddhapatiṭṭho ariyamaggakusalatejo. <span class="bld">Dhammatejo</span>ti catunnaṃ tejānaṃ patiṭṭhābhūto buddhavacanatejo. <span class="bld">Caraṇatejena tejitattā</span>ti sīlatejena tikhiṇīkatattā. <span class="bld">Dussīlyateja</span>nti dussīlabhāvasaṅkhātaṃ tejaṃ. Tampi hi santānaṃ tāpanato tejo nāma. <span class="bld">Pariyādiyatī</span>ti khepeti. <span class="bld">Aguṇateja</span>nti samādhissa <a name="M1.0294"></a> paṭipakkhaṃ vikkhepatejaṃ. <span class="bld">Duppaññateja</span>nti vipassanāñāṇapaṭipakkhaṃ mohatejaṃ. <span class="bld">Apuññateja</span>nti taṃtaṃmaggavajjhakilesappahānena kilesasahāyaṃ akusalakammatejaṃ. Na kevalañhetaṃ apuññameva khepeti, ‘‘atthi, bhikkhave, kammaṃ akaṇhaṃ asukkaṃ akaṇhaasukkavipākaṃ kammaṃ kammakkhayāya saṃvattatī’’ti (a. ni. 4.233; dī. ni. 3.312; ma. ni. 2.18) vacanato kusalakammampi khepetiyeva. Puññatejapaṭipakkhavasena apuññatejameva vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Adhammateja</span>nti nānātitthiyānaṃ samayavacanatejaṃ. Imassa ñāṇassa uddesavaṇṇanāyaṃ vutte dutiye atthavikappe rāgādayo ekūnavīsati puthu dussīlyatejā honti. ‘‘Abhisaṅkhārā, bhavagāmikammā’’ti ettha apuññābhisaṅkhārā akusalakammañca apuññatejā honti, āneñjābhisaṅkhārāni <a name="P1.0328"></a> lokiyakusalakammāni puññatejeneva khepanīyato apuññatejapakkhikāva honti. Kāmacchandādayo pañcadasa nānattā aguṇatejā honti, niccasaññādayo aṭṭhārasa nānattā duppaññatejā honti, catumaggavajjhā cattāro nānattā apuññatejā honti. Sotāpattimaggavajjhanānattena adhammatejo saṅgahetabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Niddese sallekhapaṭipakkhena asallekhena sallekhaṃ dassetukāmena asallekhapubbako sallekho niddiṭṭho. Nekkhammādayo sattatiṃsa ekattadhammāva paccanīkānaṃ sallikhanato ‘‘sallekho’’ti <a name="V1.0267"></a> vuttā. Tasmiṃ nekkhammādike sattatiṃsapabhede sallekhe ñāṇaṃ <span class="bld">sallekhaṭṭhe ñāṇa</span>nti.</p>
<p class="centered">Sallekhaṭṭhañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">38. Vīriyārambhañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para89"></a><span class="paranum">89</span>. Vīriyārambhañāṇaniddese <a name="P1.0329"></a> <span class="bld">anuppannāna</span>nti ekasmiṃ attabhāve, ekasmiṃ vā ārammaṇe anibbattānaṃ. Anamatagge hi saṃsāre anuppannā akusalā nāma natthi, kusalā pana atthi. <span class="bld">Pāpakāna</span>nti lāmakānaṃ. <span class="bld">Akusalānaṃ dhammāna</span>nti akosallasambhūtānaṃ dhammānaṃ. <span class="bld">Anuppādāyā</span>ti na uppādanatthāya. <span class="bld">Uppannāna</span>nti imasmiṃ attabhāve nibbattānaṃ. <span class="bld">Pahānāyā</span>ti pajahanatthāya. <span class="bld">Anuppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammāna</span>nti imasmiṃ attabhāve anibbattapubbānaṃ <a name="M1.0295"></a> kosallasambhūtānaṃ dhammānaṃ. <span class="bld">Uppādāyā</span>ti uppādanatthāya. <span class="bld">Uppannāna</span>nti imasmiṃ attabhāve nibbattānaṃ. <span class="bld">Ṭhitiyā</span>ti ṭhitatthāya. <span class="bld">Asammosāyā</span>ti avināsatthāya. <span class="bld">Bhiyyobhāvāyā</span>ti punappunabhāvāya. <span class="bld">Vepullāyā</span>ti vipulabhāvāya. <span class="bld">Bhāvanāyā</span>ti vaḍḍhiyā. <span class="bld">Pāripūriyā</span>ti paripūraṇatthāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni akusalesu kāmacchandaṃ, kusalesu nekkhammaṃ visesetvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">anuppannassa kāmacchandassā</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">kāmacchando</span>ti samādhipaṭipakkho kāmarāgo. <span class="bld">Nekkhamma</span>nti paṭhamajjhānasamādhi, paṭhamajjhānaṃ vā, sabbe eva vā kusalā dhammā nekkhammaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni sabbakilesānaṃ sabbakilesapaṭipakkhassa arahattamaggassa ca vasena yojetvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">anuppannānaṃ sabbakilesāna</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">uppannassa arahattamaggassa ṭhitiyā</span>tiādīsu uppādakkhaṇe uppannassa arahattamaggassa ṭhitikkhaṇabhaṅgakkhaṇavasena ‘‘ṭhitiyā’’tiādiyojanā veditabbā. Vibhaṅgaṭṭhakathāyampi ‘‘yā cassa pavatti, ayameva ṭhiti nāmā’’ti (vibha. aṭṭha. 406) vuttaṃ. Keci pana ‘‘arahattamaggassa pubbabhāgamaggo daṭṭhabbo’’ti vadanti.</p>
<p class="centered">Vīriyārambhañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">39. Atthasandassanañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para90"></a><span class="paranum">90</span>. Atthasandassanañāṇaniddese <a name="V1.0268"></a><a name="P1.0330"></a> <span class="bld">pañcakkhandhā</span>tiādīni vuttatthāneva. <span class="bld">Pakāsetī</span>ti pākaṭaṃ karoti, sotūnaṃ ñāṇacakkhunā dassanaṃ sampādetīti attho. <span class="bld">Nānādhammā</span>ti lokiyalokuttarā sabbadhammā vuttā. Kasmā pakāsanāniddese lokiyā eva vuttāti ce? Aniccādivasena pakāsanāya āraddhattā. Lokuttarānañca asammasanūpagattā lokuttarā na vuttā. Nānādhammaniddesena pana atthasandassananiddesena ca tesaṃ saṅgahitattā yathā te pakāsetabbā, tathā pakāsanā pakāsanāyeva. <span class="bld">Pajahanto</span>ti sotāraṃ pajahāpentoti attho. <span class="bld">Sandassetī</span>ti sotūnaṃ sammā dasseti. Keci pana ‘‘kāmacchandassa pahīnattā nekkhammatthaṃ <a name="M1.0296"></a> sandassetī’’tiādinā nayena paṭhanti. Tesaṃ ujukameva sotūnaṃ dosappahāne guṇapaṭilābhe ca kate sikhāppattaṃ desanāñāṇaṃ hotīti dassanatthaṃ ayaṃ nayo vuttoti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="centered">Atthasandassanañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">40. Dassanavisuddhiñāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para91"></a><span class="paranum">91</span>. Dassanavisuddhiñāṇaniddese <a name="P1.0331"></a> <span class="bld">sabbe dhammā ekasaṅgahitā</span>ti sabbe saṅkhatāsaṅkhatā dhammā ekena saṅgahitā paricchinnā. <span class="bld">Tathaṭṭhenā</span>ti bhūtaṭṭhena, attano attano sabhāvavasena vijjamānatthenāti attho. <span class="bld">Anattaṭṭhenā</span>ti kārakavedakasaṅkhātena attanā rahitaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Saccaṭṭhenā</span>ti avisaṃvādakaṭṭhena, attano sabhāvaññathattābhāvenāti attho. <span class="bld">Paṭivedhaṭṭhenā</span>ti sabhāvato ñāṇena paṭivijjhitabbaṭṭhena. Idha lokuttarañāṇena asammohato ārammaṇato ca paṭivedho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Abhijānanaṭṭhenā</span>ti lokikena ñāṇena ārammaṇato, lokuttarena ñāṇena asammohato ārammaṇato ca tesaṃ tesaṃ dhammānaṃ sabhāvato abhijānitabbaṭṭhena. ‘‘Sabbaṃ, bhikkhave, abhiññeyya’’nti (saṃ. ni. 4.46) hi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Parijānanaṭṭhenā</span>ti vuttanayeneva lokiyalokuttarehi ñāṇehi sabhāvato abhiññātānaṃ dhammānaṃ aniccādito niyyānādito ca paricchinditvā jānitabbaṭṭhena. ‘‘Sabbaṃ, bhikkhave, pariññeyya’’nti hi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Dhammaṭṭhenā</span>ti sabhāvadhāraṇādinā dhammaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Dhātuṭṭhenā</span>ti nijjīvatādinā dhātuṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Ñātaṭṭhenā</span>ti lokiyalokuttarehi ñāṇehi ñātuṃ sakkuṇeyyaṭṭhena. Yathā daṭṭhuṃ sakkuṇeyyādinā atthena ‘‘diṭṭhaṃ sutaṃ mutaṃ viññātaṃ rūpa’’nti vuttaṃ, evamidhāpi ñātuṃ sakkuṇeyyaṭṭho ñātaṭṭhoti veditabbo. <span class="bld">Sacchikiriyaṭṭhenā</span>ti <a name="V1.0269"></a> ārammaṇato paccakkhakātabbaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Phusanaṭṭhenā</span>ti paccakkhakatassa ārammaṇato punappunaṃ phusitabbaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Abhisamayaṭṭhenā</span>ti lokikena ñāṇena abhisamāgantabbaṭṭhena. Kiñcāpi hi ‘‘tathaṭṭhe paññā saccavivaṭṭe ñāṇaṃ, abhiññāpaññā ñātaṭṭhe ñāṇaṃ, sacchikiriyāpaññā phassanaṭṭhe ñāṇa’’nti ekekameva ñāṇaṃ vuttaṃ. Aṭṭhakathāyañca –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Samavāye <a name="M1.0297"></a> khaṇe kāle, samūhe hetudiṭṭhisu;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Paṭilābhe pahāne ca, paṭivedhe ca dissatī’’ti <a name="P1.0332"></a>. –</p>
<p class="unindented">Gāthāvaṇṇanāyaṃ abhisamayasaddassa paṭivedhattho vutto, idha pana yathāvuttena atthena tesaṃ nānattaṃ veditabbaṃ. Aṭṭhakathāyameva hi so lokiyañāṇavasena dhammābhisamayo vuttoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāmacchando nānatta</span>nti vikkhepasabbhāvato nānārammaṇattā ca nānāsabhāvoti attho. Evaṃ sabbakilesā veditabbā. <span class="bld">Nekkhammaṃ ekatta</span>nti cittekaggatāsabbhāvato nānārammaṇavikkhepābhāvato ca ekasabhāvanti attho. Evaṃ sabbakusalā veditabbā. Idha peyyālena saṃkhittānaṃ byāpādādīnaṃ akusalānaṃ yathāvuttena atthena nānattaṃ veditabbaṃ. Vitakkavicārādīnaṃ pana heṭṭhimānaṃ heṭṭhimānaṃ uparimato uparimato oḷārikaṭṭhena nānattaṃ veditabbaṃ. Yasmā ekasaṅgahitanānattekattānaṃ paṭivedho maggakkhaṇe saccapaṭivedhena sijjhati, tasmā ‘‘paṭivedho’’ti padaṃ uddharitvā saccābhisamayaṃ dassesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pariññā paṭivedhaṃ paṭivijjhatī</span>ti pariññābhisamayena abhisameti. Esa nayo sesesu. Saccābhisamayakālasmiñhi maggañāṇassa ekakkhaṇe pariññā, pahānaṃ, sacchikiriyā, bhāvanāti cattāri kiccāni honti. Yathā nāvā apubbaṃ acarimaṃ ekakkhaṇe cattāri kiccāni karoti, orimaṃ tīraṃ pajahati, sotaṃ chindati, bhaṇḍaṃ vahati, pārimaṃ tīraṃ appeti, evameva maggañāṇaṃ apubbaṃ acarimaṃ ekakkhaṇe cattāri saccāni abhisameti, dukkhaṃ pariññābhisamayena abhisameti, samudayaṃ pahānābhisamayena abhisameti, maggaṃ bhāvanābhisamayena abhisameti, nirodhaṃ sacchikiriyābhisamayena abhisameti. Kiṃ vuttaṃ hoti? Nirodhaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā kiccavasena cattāripi saccāni pāpuṇāti passati paṭivijjhatīti. Yathā orimaṃ tīraṃ pajahati, evaṃ maggañāṇaṃ dukkhaṃ parijānāti. Yathā sotaṃ chindati, evaṃ samudayaṃ pajahati. Yathā bhaṇḍaṃ vahati, evaṃ sahajātādipaccayatāya maggaṃ bhāveti. Yathā pārimaṃ tīraṃ appeti, evaṃ pārimatīrabhūtaṃ nirodhaṃ sacchikarotīti evaṃ upamāsaṃsandanaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dassanaṃ</span> <a name="V1.0270"></a> <span class="bld">visujjhatī</span>ti taṃtaṃmaggavajjhakilesatamappahānena ñāṇadassanaṃ visuddhibhāvaṃ pāpuṇāti. <span class="bld">Dassanaṃ visuddha</span>nti tassa tassa phalassa uppādakkhaṇe <a name="M1.0298"></a> tassa tassa <a name="P1.0333"></a> maggañāṇassa kiccasiddhippattito ñāṇadassanaṃ visuddhibhāvaṃ pattaṃ hoti. Sabbadhammānaṃ ekasaṅgahitāya nānattekattapaṭivedhapaññāya maggaphalañāṇehi siddhito ante maggaphalañāṇāni vuttāni.</p>
<p class="centered">Dassanavisuddhiñāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">41-42. Khantiñāṇapariyogāhaṇañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para92-93"></a><span class="paranum">92-93</span>. Khantiñāṇapariyogāhaṇañāṇaniddesesu <a name="P1.0334"></a> <span class="bld">rūpaṃ aniccato vidita</span>nti aniccānupassanāya aniccanti ñātaṃ. <span class="bld">Rūpaṃ dukkhato vidita</span>nti dukkhānupassanāya dukkhanti ñātaṃ. <span class="bld">Rūpaṃ anattato vidita</span>nti anattānupassanāya anattāti ñātaṃ. <span class="bld">Yaṃ yaṃ viditaṃ, taṃ taṃ khamatī</span>ti yaṃ yaṃ rūpaṃ aniccādito viditaṃ, taṃ taṃ rūpaṃ aniccādito khamati ruccati. ‘‘Rūpaṃ aniccato viditaṃ, yaṃ yaṃ viditaṃ, taṃ taṃ khamatī’’ti visuṃ visuñca katvā kesuci potthakesu likhitaṃ. ‘‘Vedanā saññā saṅkhārā aniccato viditā’’tiādinā liṅgavacanāni parivattetvā yojetabbāni. <span class="bld">Phusatī</span>ti vipassanāñāṇaphusanena phusati pharati. <span class="bld">Pariyogahatī</span>ti vipassanāñāṇena pavisati. Pariyogāhatītipi pāṭho.</p>
<p class="centered">Khantiñāṇapariyogāhaṇañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">43. Padesavihārañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para94"></a><span class="paranum">94</span>. Padesavihārañāṇaniddese <a name="P1.0335"></a> yenākārena mātikāya uddiṭṭho padeso paccavekkhitabbo, taṃ dassento <span class="bld">micchādiṭṭhipaccayāpi vedayita</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">micchādiṭṭhipaccayā</span>ti diṭṭhisampayuttavedanāpi vaṭṭati diṭṭhiṃ upanissayaṃ katvā uppannā kusalākusalavedanāpi vipākavedanāpi. Tattha micchādiṭṭhisampayuttā akusalāva hoti, diṭṭhiṃ pana upanissāya kusalāpi uppajjanti akusalāpi. Micchādiṭṭhikā hi diṭṭhiṃ upanissāya pakkhadivasesu yāgubhattādīni <a name="V1.0271"></a> denti, andhakuṭṭhiādīnaṃ vattaṃ paṭṭhapenti, catumahāpathe sālaṃ karonti, pokkharaṇiṃ khaṇāpenti, pupphārāmaṃ phalārāmaṃ ropenti, nadīviduggesu setuṃ attharanti, visamaṃ samaṃ karonti. Iti tesaṃ kusalā vedanā <a name="M1.0299"></a> uppajjati. Micchādiṭṭhiṃ pana nissāya sammādiṭṭhike akkosanti paribhāsanti vadhabandhādīni karonti, pāṇaṃ vadhitvā devatānaṃ upaharanti. Iti nesaṃ akusalā vedanā uppajjati. Vipākavedanā pana bhavantaragatānaṃ hoti. Sā pana micchādiṭṭhi sahajātāya vedanāya sahajātaaññamaññanissayasampayuttaatthiavigatapaccayehi paccayo hoti, samanantaraniruddhā micchādiṭṭhi paccuppannamicchādiṭṭhisampayuttāya vedanāya anantarasamanantarūpanissayaāsevananatthivigatapaccayehi paccayo hoti, micchādiṭṭhiṃ garuṃ katvā abhinandantassa lobhasahagatavedanāya ārammaṇaārammaṇādhipatiārammaṇūpanissayapaccayehi paccayo hoti, sabbākusalehi micchādiṭṭhiṃ ārammaṇamattaṃ karontassa sabbākusalavedanāya micchādiṭṭhiṃ paccavekkhantassa vipassantassa kusalābyākatavedanāya ārammaṇapaccayena paccayo hoti, micchādiṭṭhipaccayena uppajjamānānaṃ kusalākusalavedanānaṃ bhavantare vipākavedanānañca upanissayapaccayena paccayo hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Micchādiṭṭhivūpasamapaccayā</span>ti <a name="P1.0336"></a> micchādiṭṭhivūpasamo nāma sammādiṭṭhi, tasmā yaṃ sammādiṭṭhipaccayā vedayitaṃ vuttaṃ, tadeva ‘‘micchādiṭṭhivūpasamapaccayā’’ti veditabbaṃ. Keci pana ‘‘micchādiṭṭhivūpasamo nāma vipassanākkhaṇe sotāpattimaggakkhaṇe cā’’ti vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sammādiṭṭhipaccayāpi vedayita</span>nti etthāpi sammādiṭṭhisampayuttavedanāpi vaṭṭati sammādiṭṭhiṃ upanissayaṃ katvā uppannā kusalākusalavedanāpi vipākavedanāpi. Tattha sammādiṭṭhisampayuttā kusalāva hoti, sammādiṭṭhiṃ pana upanissāya buddhapūjā dīpamālāropanaṃ mahādhammassavanaṃ appatiṭṭhite disābhāge cetiyapatiṭṭhāpananti evamādīni puññāni karonti. Iti nesaṃ kusalā vedanā uppajjati. Sammādiṭṭhimeva nissāya micchādiṭṭhike akkosanti paribhāsanti, attānaṃ ukkaṃsanti, paraṃ vambhenti. Iti nesaṃ akusalā vedanā uppajjati. Vipākavedanā pana bhavantaragatānaṃyeva hoti. Sā pana sammādiṭṭhi sahajātāya samanantaraniruddhāya paccuppannāya vedanāya micchādiṭṭhiyā vuttapaccayeheva paccayo hoti, lokikasammādiṭṭhi paccavekkhaṇasampayuttāya vipassanāsampayuttāya nikantisampayuttāya ca vedanāya ārammaṇapaccayena paccayo hoti, micchādiṭṭhiyā vuttanayeneva upanissayapaccayena paccayo hoti, maggaphalasammādiṭṭhi paccavekkhaṇasampayuttāya <a name="M1.0300"></a> vedanāya ārammaṇaārammaṇādhipatiārammaṇūpanissayapaccayavasena paccayo hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sammādiṭṭhivūpasamapaccayāpi</span> <a name="V1.0272"></a> <span class="bld">vedayita</span>nti sammādiṭṭhivūpasamo nāma micchādiṭṭhi, tasmā yaṃ micchādiṭṭhipaccayā vedayitaṃ vuttaṃ, tadeva ‘‘sammādiṭṭhivūpasamapaccayā’’ti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Micchāsaṅkappapaccayā micchāsaṅkappavūpasamapaccayā</span>tiādīsupi eseva nayo. Yassa yassa hi ‘‘vūpasamapaccayā’’ti vuccati, tassa tassa paṭipakkhadhammapaccayāva taṃ taṃ vedayitaṃ adhippetaṃ. Micchāñāṇādīsu pana <span class="bld">micchāñāṇaṃ</span> nāma pāpakiriyāsu upāyacintā. Atha vā micchāñāṇaṃ micchāpaccavekkhaṇañāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Sammāñāṇaṃ</span> nāma vipassanāsammādiṭṭhiṃ <a name="P1.0337"></a> lokuttarasammādiṭṭhiñca ṭhapetvā avasesakusalābyākataṃ ñāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Micchāvimutti</span> nāma pāpādhimuttitā. Atha vā ayāthāvavimutti aniyyānikavimutti avimuttasseva sato vimuttisaññīti. <span class="bld">Sammāvimutti</span> nāma kalyāṇādhimuttitā phalavimutti ca. Sammādiṭṭhiādayo heṭṭhā vuttatthāyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Chandapaccayāpī</span>tiādīsu pana chando nāma lobho, chandapaccayā aṭṭhalobhasahagatacittasampayuttavedanā veditabbā. <span class="bld">Chandavūpasamapaccayā</span> paṭhamajjhānavedanāva. <span class="bld">Vitakkapaccayā</span> paṭhamajjhānavedanā. <span class="bld">Vitakkavūpasamapaccayā</span> dutiyajjhānavedanā. <span class="bld">Saññāpaccayā</span> ṭhapetvā paṭhamajjhānaṃ sesā cha samāpattivedanā. <span class="bld">Saññāvūpasamapaccayā</span> nevasaññānāsaññāyatanavedanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Chando ca avūpasanto hotī</span>tiādīsu sace chandavitakkasaññā avūpasantā hontīti attho. <span class="bld">Tappaccayā</span>ti so chandavitakkasaññānaṃ avūpasamo eva paccayo tappaccayo, tasmā tappaccayā. Chandavitakkasaññāavūpasamapaccayā vedanā hotīti attho. Sā aṭṭhalobhasahagatacittasampayuttavedanā hoti. Sace chando vūpasanto vitakkasaññā avūpasantā. <span class="bld">Tappaccayā</span>ti so chandassa vūpasamo vitakkasaññānaṃ avūpasamo eva paccayo tappaccayo, tasmā tappaccayā. Sā paṭhamajjhānavedanāva. Sace chandavitakkā vūpasantā saññā avūpasantā. <span class="bld">Tappaccayā</span>ti so chandavitakkānaṃ vūpasamo saññāya avūpasamo eva paccayo tappaccayo, tasmā tappaccayā. Sā dutiyajjhānavedanāva. Sace chandavitakkasaññā vūpasantā. <span class="bld">Tappaccayā</span>ti so chandavitakkasaññānaṃ vūpasamo eva paccayo tappaccayo, tasmā tappaccayā. Sā nevasaññānāsaññāyatanavedanāva. Keci pana ‘‘chando nāma appanaṃ pāpuṇissāmīti pubbabhāge <a name="M1.0301"></a> dhammacchando, appanāppattassa so chando vūpasanto hoti. Paṭhamajjhāne vitakko hoti, dutiyajjhānappattassa vitakko vūpasanto hoti. Sattasu samāpattīsu saññā hoti, nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ samāpannassa ca nirodhaṃ samāpannassa ca saññā vūpasantā hotī’’ti evaṃ vaṇṇayanti. Idha pana nirodhasamāpatti na yujjati. <span class="bld">Appattassa</span> <a name="P1.0338"></a> <span class="bld">pattiyā</span>ti arahattaphalassa pattatthāya. <span class="bld">Atthi āyava</span>nti atthi vīriyaṃ. Āyāvantipi pāṭho. <span class="bld">Tasmimpi ṭhāne anuppatte</span>ti tassa vīriyārambhassa vasena tasmiṃ arahattaphalassa kāraṇe ariyamagge anuppatte<a name="V1.0273"></a>. <span class="bld">Tappaccayāpi vedayita</span>nti arahattassa ṭhānapaccayā vedayitaṃ. Etena catumaggasahajātā nibbattitalokuttaravedanā gahitā. Keci pana ‘‘āyavanti paṭipatti. Tasmimpi ṭhāne anuppatteti tassā bhūmiyā pattiyā’’ti vaṇṇayanti.</p>
<p class="centered">Padesavihārañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">44-49. Vivaṭṭañāṇachakkaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para95"></a><span class="paranum">95</span>. Vivaṭṭañāṇachakkaniddese <a name="P1.0339"></a> <span class="bld">nekkhammādhipatattā paññā</span>ti nekkhammaṃ adhikaṃ katvā nekkhammādhikabhāvena pavattā paññā. <span class="bld">Kāmacchandato saññāya vivaṭṭatī</span>ti nekkhammādhipatikatapaññāsampayuttasaññāya hetubhūtāya, karaṇabhūtāya vā kāmacchandato vivaṭṭati parāvattati, parammukhī hotīti attho. Esa nayo sesesu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para96"></a><span class="paranum">96</span>. <span class="bld">Kāmacchando nānatta</span>nti kāmacchando santavuttitāya abhāvato na ekasabhāvo. <span class="bld">Nekkhammaṃ ekatta</span>nti nekkhammaṃ santavuttibhāvato ekasabhāvo. <span class="bld">Nekkhammekattaṃ cetayato</span>ti kāmacchande ādīnavadassanena nekkhammaṃ pavattayato. <span class="bld">Kāmacchandato cittaṃ vivaṭṭatī</span>ti diṭṭhādīnavato kāmacchandato nekkhammakkhaṇe cittaṃ vivaṭṭati. Esa nayo sesesu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para97"></a><span class="paranum">97</span>. <span class="bld">Kāmacchandaṃ pajahanto</span>ti nekkhammapavattikkhaṇe kāmacchandaṃ vikkhambhanappahānena pajahanto. <span class="bld">Nekkhammavasena cittaṃ adhiṭṭhātī</span>ti paṭiladdhassa nekkhammassa <a name="M1.0302"></a> vasena taṃsampayuttacittaṃ adhitiṭṭhati adhikaṃ karonto tiṭṭhati, pavattetīti attho. Esa nayo sesesu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para98"></a><span class="paranum">98</span>. <span class="bld">Cakkhu suññaṃ attena vā</span>ti bālajanaparikappitassa kārakavedakasaṅkhātassa attano abhāvā cakkhu attena ca suññaṃ. Yañhi yattha na hoti, tena taṃ suññaṃ nāma hoti. <span class="bld">Attaniyena vā</span>ti attano abhāveneva attano santakassapi abhāvā attano santakena ca suññaṃ. Lokassa attāti ca attaniyanti ca ubhayathā gāhasambhavato tadubhayagāhapaṭisedhanatthaṃ attābhāvo ca attaniyābhāvo ca vutto. <span class="bld">Niccena vā</span>ti bhaṅgaṃ atikkamitvā tiṭṭhantassa kassaci abhāvato niccena ca suññaṃ. <span class="bld">Dhuvena vā</span>ti pavattikkhaṇepi thirassa kassaci abhāvato dhuvena ca suññaṃ. <span class="bld">Sassatena vā</span>ti sabbakālepi vijjamānassa kassaci abhāvato sassatena <a name="V1.0274"></a><a name="P1.0340"></a> ca suññaṃ. <span class="bld">Avipariṇāmadhammena vā</span>ti jarābhaṅgavasena dvidhā aparivattamānapakatikassa kassaci abhāvato avipariṇāmadhammena ca suññaṃ. Atha vā niccabhāvena ca dhuvabhāvena ca sassatabhāvena ca avipariṇāmadhammabhāvena ca suññanti attho. Samuccayattho vā-saddo. <span class="bld">Yathābhūtaṃ jānato passato</span>ti iccevaṃ anattānupassanāñāṇena yathāsabhāvena jānantassa cakkhunā viya ca passantassa. <span class="bld">Cakkhābhinivesato ñāṇaṃ vivaṭṭatī</span>ti cakkhu attāti vā attaniyanti vā pavattamānato diṭṭhābhinivesato tadaṅgappahānavasena ñāṇaṃ vivaṭṭati. Esa nayo sesesu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para99"></a><span class="paranum">99</span>. <span class="bld">Nekkhammena kāmacchandaṃ vosajjatī</span>ti nekkhammalābhī puggalo nekkhammena tappaṭipakkhaṃ kāmacchandaṃ pariccajati. <span class="bld">Vosagge paññā</span>ti kāmacchandassa vosaggabhūte nekkhamme taṃsampayuttā paññā. Esa nayo sesesu. <span class="bld">Pīḷanaṭṭhā</span>dayo heṭṭhā vuttatthā eva. <span class="bld">Parijānanto vivaṭṭatī</span>ti puggalādhiṭṭhānā desanā, maggasamaṅgīpuggalo dukkhassa catubbidhaṃ atthaṃ kiccavasena parijānanto dubhato vuṭṭhānavasena vivaṭṭati, ñāṇavivaṭṭanepi ñāṇasamaṅgī vivaṭṭatīti vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para100"></a><span class="paranum">100</span>. <span class="bld">Tathaṭṭhe</span> <a name="M1.0303"></a> <span class="bld">paññā</span>ti etassa puggalasseva tathaṭṭhe vivaṭṭanā paññā. Esa nayo sesesu. Idāni maggakkhaṇe eva kiccavasena ākāranānattato cha vivaṭṭañāṇāni dassetuṃ <span class="bld">saññāvivaṭṭo</span>tiādimātikaṃ ṭhapetvā taṃ atthato vibhajanto <span class="bld">sañjānanto vivaṭṭatī</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">sañjānanto vivaṭṭatīti saññāvivaṭṭo</span>ti yasmā pubbabhāge nekkhammādiṃ adhipatito sañjānanto yogī pacchā nekkhammasampayuttañāṇena kāmacchandādito vivaṭṭati, tasmā taṃ ñāṇaṃ saññāvivaṭṭo nāmāti attho. <span class="bld">Cetayanto vivaṭṭatīti cetovivaṭṭo</span>ti yasmā yogī nekkhammekattādīni cetayanto sampayuttañāṇena kāmacchandādito vivaṭṭati, tasmā taṃ ñāṇaṃ cetovivaṭṭo nāmāti attho. <span class="bld">Vijānanto vivaṭṭatīti cittavivaṭṭo</span>ti yasmā yogī nekkhammādivasena cittādhiṭṭhānena vijānanto taṃsampayuttañāṇena kāmacchandādito vivaṭṭati, tasmā taṃ ñāṇaṃ cittavivaṭṭo nāmāti attho. <span class="bld">Ñāṇaṃ karonto vivaṭṭatīti ñāṇavivaṭṭo</span>ti yasmā yogī chabbidhaṃ ajjhattikāyatanaṃ anattānupassanāñāṇena suññato viditaṃ <a name="P1.0341"></a> karonto teneva ñāṇena diṭṭhābhinivesato vivaṭṭati, tasmā taṃ ñāṇaṃ ñāṇavivaṭṭo nāmāti attho. <span class="bld">Vosajjanto vivaṭṭatīti vimokkhavivaṭṭo</span>ti yasmā yogī nekkhammādīhi kāmacchandādīni vosajjanto taṃsampayuttañāṇena kāmacchandādito vivaṭṭati, tasmā taṃ ñāṇaṃ vimokkhavivaṭṭo nāmāti attho. <span class="bld">Tathaṭṭhe vivaṭṭatīti saccavivaṭṭo</span>ti yasmā yogī catubbidhe tathaṭṭhe dubhato vuṭṭhānavasena vivaṭṭati, tasmā maggañāṇaṃ saccavivaṭṭo nāmāti attho. Maggañāṇameva vā tathaṭṭhe dubhato vuṭṭhānabhāvena vivaṭṭatīti saccavivaṭṭoti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yattha</span> <a name="V1.0275"></a> <span class="bld">saññāvivaṭṭo</span>tiādi saccavivaṭṭañāṇaniddese vuttattā saccavivaṭṭañāṇakkhaṇameva sandhāya vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Maggakkhaṇeyeva hi sabbāni yujjanti. Kathaṃ? Ñāṇavivaṭṭe ñāṇañhi vajjetvā sesesu ariyamaggo sarūpeneva āgato. Vipassanākiccassa pana maggeneva sijjhanato vipassanākiccasiddhivasena ñāṇavivaṭṭañāṇampi maggakkhaṇe yujjati. Maggañāṇeneva vā ‘‘cakkhu suñña’’ntiādi kiccavasena paṭividdhameva hotīti maggakkhaṇe taṃ ñāṇaṃ vattuṃ yujjatiyeva. Atthayojanā panettha ‘‘yattha maggakkhaṇe saññāvivaṭṭo, tattha cetovivaṭṭo. Yattha maggakkhaṇe cetovivaṭṭo<a name="M1.0304"></a>, tattha saññāvivaṭṭo’’ti evamādinā nayena sabbasaṃsandanesu yojanā kātabbā. Atha vā saññāvivaṭṭacetovivaṭṭacittavivaṭṭavimokkhavivaṭṭesu catunnaṃ ariyamaggānaṃ āgatattā saccavivaṭṭo āgatoyeva hoti. Ñāṇavivaṭṭo ca saccavivaṭṭeneva kiccavasena siddho hoti. Saññācetocittavimokkhavivaṭṭesveva ca peyyāle vitthāriyamāne ‘‘anattānupassanādhipatattā paññā abhinivesato saññāya vivaṭṭatīti adhipatattā paññā saññāvivaṭṭe ñāṇa’’nti ca, ‘‘abhiniveso nānattaṃ, anattānupassanā ekattaṃ. Anattānupassanekattaṃ cetayato abhinivesato cittaṃ vivaṭṭatīti nānatte paññā cetovivaṭṭe ñāṇa’’nti ca, ‘‘abhinivesaṃ pajahanto anattānupassanāvasena cittaṃ adhiṭṭhātīti adhiṭṭhāne paññā cittavivaṭṭe ñāṇa’’nti ca, ‘‘anattānupassanāya abhinivesaṃ vosajjatīti vosagge paññā vimokkhavivaṭṭe ñāṇa’’nti ca pāṭhasambhavato ñāṇavivaṭṭe ñāṇampi tesu <a name="P1.0342"></a> āgatameva hoti. Ñāṇavivaṭṭe ca anattānupassanāya vuṭṭhāya ariyamaggaṃ paṭiladdhassa kiccavasena ‘‘cakkhu suññaṃ attena vā attaniyena vā’’tiādiyujjanato saccavivaṭṭo labbhati, tasmā ekekasmiṃ vivaṭṭe sesā pañca pañca vivaṭṭā labbhanti. Tasmā evaṃ ‘‘yattha saññāvivaṭṭo, tattha cetovivaṭṭo’’tiādikāni saṃsandanāni vuttānīti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Vivaṭṭañāṇachakkaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">50. Iddhividhañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para101"></a><span class="paranum">101</span>. Iddhividhañāṇaniddesaṃ <a name="P1.0343"></a> <span class="bld">idha bhikkhū</span>ti imasmiṃ sāsane bhikkhu. <span class="bld">Chandasamādhipadhānasaṅkhārasamannāgata</span>nti ettha chandahetuko samādhi, chandādhiko vā samādhi chandasamādhi, kattukamyatāchandaṃ adhipatiṃ karitvā paṭiladdhasamādhissetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Padhānabhūtā saṅkhārā padhānasaṅkhārā, catukiccasādhakassa sammappadhānavīriyassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Catukiccasādhanavasena <a name="V1.0276"></a> bahuvacanaṃ kataṃ. <span class="bld">Samannāgata</span>nti chandasamādhinā ca padhānasaṅkhārehi ca upetaṃ. <span class="bld">Iddhipāda</span>nti nipphattipariyāyena vā ijjhanaṭṭhena, ijjhanti etāya sattā iddhā vuddhā ukkaṃsagatā hontīti iminā vā pariyāyena iddhīti <a name="M1.0305"></a> saṅkhaṃ gatānaṃ upacārajjhānādikusalacittasampayuttānaṃ chandasamādhipadhānasaṅkhārānaṃ adhiṭṭhānaṭṭhena pādabhūtaṃ sesacittacetasikarāsinti attho. Vuttañhi iddhipādavibhaṅge suttantabhājanīye ‘‘iddhipādoti tathābhūtassa vedanākkhandho…pe… viññāṇakkhandho’’ti (vibha. 434). Abhidhammabhājanīye ca ‘‘iddhipādoti tathābhūtassa phasso vedanā…pe… paggāho avikkhepo’’ti (vibha. 447) vuttaṃ. Tasmā ‘‘sesacittacetasikarāsi’’nti ettha? Chandasamādhipadhānasaṅkhāresu ekekaṃ iddhiṃ katvā dvīhi dvīhi saha sesavacanaṃ katanti veditabbaṃ. Evañhi cattāro khandhā sabbe ca phassādayo dhammā saṅgahitā honti. Iminā nayena sesesupi attho veditabbo. Yatheva hi chandaṃ adhipatiṃ karitvā paṭiladdhasamādhi chandasamādhīti vutto, evaṃ vīriyaṃ cittaṃ vīmaṃsaṃ adhipatiṃ karitvā paṭiladdhasamādhi vīmaṃsāsamādhīti vuccati. Evamekekasmiṃ iddhipāde chandādayo vīriyādayo cittādayo vīmaṃsādayoti tayo tayo dhammā iddhīpi honti iddhipādāpi, sesā pana sampayuttakā cattāro khandhā iddhipādāyeva<a name="P1.0344"></a>. Yasmā vā ime tayo tayo dhammā sampayuttakehi catūhi khandhehi saddhiṃyeva ijjhanti, na vinā tehi, tasmā tena pariyāyena sabbe cattāropi khandhā ijjhanaṭṭhena iddhi nāma honti, patiṭṭhaṭṭhena pādā nāmātipi veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vīriyasamādhipadhānasaṅkhārasamannāgata</span>nti ettha pana vīriyanti ca padhānasaṅkhāroti ca ekoyeva. Kasmā dvidhā vuttanti ce? Vīriyassa adhipatibhāvadassanavasenettha paṭhamaṃ vīriyaggahaṇaṃ kataṃ, tasseva catukiccasādhakattadassanatthaṃ padhānasaṅkhāravacanaṃ kataṃ. Evaṃ dvidhā vuttattā eva cetthāpi tayo tayo dhammāti vuttaṃ. Keci pana ‘‘vibhaṅge ‘iddhīti yā tesaṃ tesaṃ dhammānaṃ iddhi samiddhi ijjhanā samijjhanā’ti (vibha. 434) vuttattā iddhi nāma anipphannā, iddhipādo nipphanno’’ti vadanti. Idha pana iddhipi iddhipādopi nipphanno lakkhaṇabbhāhatoti sanniṭṭhānaṃ kataṃ. Iddhi samiddhītiādīhi ijjhanākārena dhammā eva vuttāti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhāvetī</span>ti āsevati. Suttantabhājanīye (vibha. 431 ādayo) viya idhāpi iddhipādabhāvanā lokiyā eva. Tasmā iddhividhaṃ tāva sampādetukāmo lokiyaṃ <a name="M1.0306"></a> iddhipādaṃ bhāvento pathavīkasiṇādīsu aṭṭhasu kasiṇesu adhikatavasippattaaṭṭhasamāpattiko kasiṇānulomato <a name="V1.0277"></a> kasiṇapaṭilomato kasiṇānulomapaṭilomato jhānānulomato jhānapaṭilomato jhānānulomapaṭilomato jhānukkantikato kasiṇukkantikato jhānakasiṇukkantikato aṅgasaṅkantikato ārammaṇasaṅkantikato aṅgārammaṇasaṅkantikato aṅgavavatthānato ārammaṇavavatthānatoti imehi cuddasahi ākārehi cittaṃ paridametvā chandasīsavīriyasīsacittasīsavīmaṃsāsīsavasena punappunaṃ jhānaṃ samāpajjati. Aṅgārammaṇavavatthānampi keci icchanti. Pubbahetusampannena pana kasiṇesu catukkajjhānamatte ciṇṇavasināpi kātuṃ vaṭṭatīti taṃ taṃ iddhipādaṃ samādhiṃ bhāvento ‘‘anuppannānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ anuppādāyā’’tiādikaṃ (vibha. 432) catuppakāraṃ vīriyaṃ adhiṭṭhāti, tassa ca hānivuddhiyo ñatvā vīriyasamataṃ adhiṭṭhāti. So evaṃ catūsu iddhipādesu cittaṃ paribhāvetvā iddhividhaṃ sampādeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">So</span> <a name="P1.0345"></a> <span class="bld">imesu catūsu iddhipādesū</span>tiādīsu <span class="bld">so</span>ti so bhāvitacaturiddhipādo bhikkhu. <span class="bld">Catūsu iddhipādesu cittaṃ paribhāvetī</span>ti punappunaṃ chandādīsu ekekaṃ adhipatiṃ katvā jhānasamāpajjanavasena tesu cittaṃ paribhāveti nāma, chandādivāsanaṃ gāhāpetīti attho. <span class="bld">Paridametī</span>ti nibbisevanaṃ karoti. Purimaṃ pacchimassa kāraṇavacanaṃ. Paribhāvitañhi cittaṃ paridamitaṃ hotīti. <span class="bld">Muduṃ karotī</span>ti tathā dantaṃ cittaṃ vasippattaṃ karoti. Vase vattamānañhi cittaṃ ‘‘mudū’’ti vuccati. <span class="bld">Kammaniya</span>nti kammakkhamaṃ kammayoggaṃ karoti. Mudu hi cittaṃ kammaniyaṃ hoti sudhantamiva suvaṇṇaṃ, idha pana iddhividhakammakkhamaṃ. <span class="bld">So</span>ti so paribhāvitacitto bhikkhu. <span class="bld">Kāyampi citte samodahatī</span>tiādi iddhikaraṇakāle yathāsukhaṃ cittacārassa ijjhanatthaṃ yogavidhānaṃ dassetuṃ vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">kāyampi citte samodahatī</span>ti attano karajakāyampi pādakajjhānacitte samodahati paveseti āropeti, kāyaṃ cittānugatikaṃ karotīti attho. Evaṃ karaṇaṃ adissamānena kāyena gamanassa upakārāya hoti. <span class="bld">Cittampi kāye samodahatī</span>ti pādakajjhānacittaṃ attano karajakāye samodahati āropeti<a name="M1.0307"></a>, cittampi kāyānugatikaṃ karotīti attho. Evaṃ karaṇaṃ dissamānena kāyena gamanassa upakārāya hoti. Samādahatītipi pāṭho, patiṭṭhāpetīti attho. <span class="bld">Kāyavasena cittaṃ pariṇāmetī</span>ti pādakajjhānacittaṃ gahetvā karajakāye āropeti kāyānugatikaṃ karoti, idaṃ cittaṃ kāye samodahanassa vevacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Cittavasena kāyaṃ pariṇāmetī</span>ti karajakāyaṃ gahetvā pādakajjhānacitte āropeti, cittānugatikaṃ karoti, idaṃ kāyaṃ citte samodahanassa vevacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Adhiṭṭhātī</span>ti ‘‘evaṃ hotū’’ti adhiṭṭhāti. Samodahanassa atthavivaraṇatthaṃ pariṇāmo vutto, pariṇāmassa atthavivaraṇatthaṃ adhiṭṭhānaṃ vuttaṃ. Yasmā samodahatīti mūlapadaṃ, pariṇāmeti adhiṭṭhātīti tassa atthaniddesapadāni<a name="V1.0278"></a>, tasmā tesaṃ dvinnaṃyeva padānaṃ vasena pariṇāmetvāti adhiṭṭhahitvāti vuttaṃ, na vuttaṃ samodahitvāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sukhasaññañca lahusaññañca kāye okkamitvā viharatī</span>ti catutthajjhānena sahajātasukhasaññañca lahusaññañca samāpajjanavasena <a name="P1.0346"></a> karajakāye okkamitvā pavesetvā viharati. Tāya saññāya okkantakāyassa panassa karajakāyopi tūlapicu viya lahuko hoti. <span class="bld">So</span>ti so katayogavidhāno bhikkhu. <span class="bld">Tathābhāvitena cittenā</span>ti itthambhūtalakkhaṇe karaṇavacanaṃ, hetuatthe vā, tathābhāvitena cittena hetubhūtenāti attho. <span class="bld">Parisuddhenā</span>ti upekkhāsatipārisuddhibhāvato parisuddhena. Parisuddhattāyeva <span class="bld">pariyodātena,</span> pabhassarenāti attho. <span class="bld">Iddhividhañāṇāyā</span>ti iddhikoṭṭhāse, iddhivikappe vā ñāṇatthāya. <span class="bld">Cittaṃ abhinīharatī</span>ti so bhikkhu vuttappakāravasena tasmiṃ citte abhiññāpādake jāte iddhividhañāṇādhigamatthāya parikammacittaṃ abhinīharati, kasiṇārammaṇato apanetvā iddhividhābhimukhaṃ peseti. <span class="bld">Abhininnāmetī</span>ti adhigantabbaiddhipoṇaṃ iddhipabbhāraṃ karoti. <span class="bld">So</span>ti so evaṃ katacittābhinīhāro bhikkhu. <span class="bld">Anekavihita</span>nti anekavidhaṃ nānappakārakaṃ. <span class="bld">Iddhividha</span>nti iddhikoṭṭhāsaṃ, iddhivikappaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Paccanubhotī</span>ti paccanubhavati, phasseti sacchikaroti pāpuṇātīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para102"></a><span class="paranum">102</span>. Idānissa anekavihitabhāvaṃ dassento <span class="bld">ekopi hutvā</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">ekopi hutvā</span>ti iddhikaraṇato pubbe pakatiyā ekopi hutvā. <span class="bld">Bahudhā hotī</span>ti bahunnaṃ santike caṅkamitukāmo vā, sajjhāyaṃ <a name="M1.0308"></a> vā kattukāmo, pañhaṃ vā pucchitukāmo hutvā satampi sahassampi hoti. Kathaṃ panāyamevaṃ hoti? Iddhiyā bhūmipādapadamūlabhūte dhamme sampādetvā abhiññāpādakajjhānaṃ samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhāya sace sataṃ icchati, ‘‘sataṃ homi sataṃ homī’’ti parikammaṃ katvā puna pādakajjhānaṃ samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhāya adhiṭṭhāti. Adhiṭṭhānacittena saheva sataṃ hoti. Sahassādīsupi eseva nayo. Sace evaṃ na ijjhati, puna parikammaṃ katvā dutiyampi samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhāya adhiṭṭhātabbaṃ. Saṃyuttaṭṭhakathāyañhi ‘‘ekavāraṃ dvevāraṃ samāpajjituṃ vaṭṭatī’’ti vuttaṃ. Tattha pādakajjhānacittaṃ nimittārammaṇaṃ, parikammacittāni satārammaṇāni vā sahassārammaṇāni vā. Tāni ca kho vaṇṇavaseneva, no paṇṇattivasena. Adhiṭṭhānacittampi tatheva satārammaṇaṃ vā sahassārammaṇaṃ vā, taṃ paṭhamappanācittamiva gotrabhuanantaraṃ ekameva uppajjati rūpāvacaracatutthajjhānikaṃ<a name="P1.0347"></a>. Tattha ye te bahū nimmitā, te aniyametvā nimmitattā iddhimatā sadisāva honti. Ṭhānanisajjādīsu vā bhāsitatuṇhībhāvādīsu vā yaṃ yaṃ iddhimā karoti, taṃtadeva karonti. Sace pana nānāvaṇṇe kātukāmo <a name="V1.0279"></a> hoti, keci paṭhamavaye keci majjhimavaye keci pacchimavaye, tathā dīghakese upaḍḍhamuṇḍamuṇḍe missakakese upaḍḍharattacīvare paṇḍukacīvare padabhāṇadhammakathāsarabhaññapañhapucchanapañhavissajjanarajanapacanacīvarasibbanadhovanādīni karonte, aparepi vā nānappakārake kātukāmo hoti, tena pādakajjhānato vuṭṭhāya ‘‘ettakā bhikkhū paṭhamavayā hontū’’tiādinā nayena parikammaṃ katvā puna samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhāya adhiṭṭhātabbaṃ. Adhiṭṭhānacittena saddhiṃ icchitappakārāyeva hontīti. Esa nayo ‘‘bahudhāpi hutvā eko hotī’’tiādīsu. Ayaṃ pana viseso – iminā hi bhikkhunā evaṃ bahubhāvaṃ nimminitvā puna ‘‘ekova hutvā caṅkamissāmi, sajjhāyaṃ karissāmi, pañhaṃ pucchissāmī’’ti cintetvā vā ‘‘ayaṃ vihāro appabhikkhuko, sace keci āgamissanti, kuto ime ettakā ekasadisā bhikkhū addhā therassa esānubhāvoti maṃ jānissantī’’ti appicchatāya vā antarāva ‘‘eko homī’’ti icchantena pādakajjhānaṃ samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhāya ‘‘eko homī’’ti parikammaṃ katvā puna samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhāya ‘‘eko homī’’ti adhiṭṭhātabbaṃ<a name="M1.0309"></a>. Adhiṭṭhānacittena saddhiṃyeva eko hoti. Evaṃ akaronto pana yathāparicchinnakālavasena sayameva eko hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āvibhāva</span>nti pākaṭabhāvaṃ karotīti attho. <span class="bld">Tirobhāva</span>nti paṭicchannabhāvaṃ karotīti attho. Āvibhāvaṃ paccanubhoti, tirobhāvaṃ paccanubhotīti purimena vā sambandho. Tatrāyaṃ iddhimā āvibhāvaṃ kattukāmo andhakāraṃ vā ālokaṃ karoti, paṭicchannaṃ vā vivaṭaṃ karoti, anāpāthaṃ vā āpāthaṃ karoti. Kathaṃ? Ayañhi yathā paṭicchannopi dūre ṭhitopi vā dissati, evaṃ attānaṃ vā paraṃ vā kattukāmo pādakajjhānato vuṭṭhāya ‘‘idaṃ andhakāraṃ ālokajātaṃ hotū’’ti vā, ‘‘idaṃ paṭicchannaṃ vivaṭaṃ hotū’’ti vā, ‘‘idaṃ anāpāthaṃ āpāthaṃ hotū’’ti vā āvajjitvā parikammaṃ katvā vuttanayeneva adhiṭṭhāti. Saha adhiṭṭhānā <a name="P1.0348"></a> yathādhiṭṭhitameva hoti. Pare dūre ṭhitāpi passanti, sayampi passitukāmo passati. Tirobhāvaṃ kattukāmo pana ālokaṃ vā andhakāraṃ karoti, appaṭicchannaṃ vā paṭicchannaṃ, āpāthaṃ vā anāpāthaṃ karoti. Kathaṃ? Ayañhi yathā appaṭicchannopi samīpe ṭhitopi vā na dissati, evaṃ attānaṃ vā paraṃ vā kattukāmo pādakajjhānā vuṭṭhahitvā ‘‘idaṃ ālokaṭṭhānaṃ andhakāraṃ hotū’’ti vā, ‘‘idaṃ appaṭicchannaṃ paṭicchannaṃ hotū’’ti vā, ‘‘idaṃ āpāthaṃ anāpāthaṃ hotū’’ti vā āvajjitvā parikammaṃ katvā vuttanayeneva adhiṭṭhāti. Saha adhiṭṭhānā yathādhiṭṭhitameva hoti. Pare samīpe ṭhitāpi na passanti, sayampi apassitukāmo na passati. Apica sabbampi pākaṭapāṭihāriyaṃ āvibhāvo nāma, apākaṭapāṭihāriyaṃ tirobhāvo nāma. Tattha pākaṭapāṭihāriye iddhipi paññāyati iddhimāpi. Taṃ yamakapāṭihāriyena dīpetabbaṃ. Apākaṭapāṭihāriye <a name="V1.0280"></a> iddhiyeva paññāyati, na iddhimā. Taṃ mahakasuttena (saṃ. ni. 4.346) ca brahmanimantanikasuttena (ma. ni. 1.501 ādayo) ca dīpetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tirokuṭṭa</span>nti parakuṭṭaṃ, kuṭṭassa parabhāganti vuttaṃ hoti. Esa nayo <span class="bld">tiropākāratiropabbatesu. Kuṭṭo</span>ti ca gehabhitti. <span class="bld">Pākāro</span>ti gehavihāragāmādīnaṃ parikkhepapākāro. <span class="bld">Pabbato</span>ti paṃsupabbato vā pāsāṇapabbato vā. <span class="bld">Asajjamāno</span>ti alaggamāno. <span class="bld">Seyyathāpi ākāse</span>ti <a name="M1.0310"></a> ākāse viya. Evaṃ gantukāmena pana ākāsakasiṇaṃ samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhāya kuṭṭaṃ vā pākāraṃ vā pabbataṃ vā āvajjitvā kataparikammena ‘‘ākāso hotū’’ti adhiṭṭhātabbo, ākāsova hoti. Adho otaritukāmassa, uddhaṃ vā ārohitukāmassa susiro hoti, vinivijjhitvā gantukāmassa chiddo. So tattha asajjamāno gacchati. Sace panassa bhikkhuno adhiṭṭhahitvā gacchantassa antarā pabbato vā rukkho vā uṭṭheti, kiṃ puna samāpajjitvā adhiṭṭhātabbanti? Doso natthi. Puna samāpajjitvā adhiṭṭhānañhi upajjhāyassa santike nissayaggahaṇasadisaṃ hoti. Iminā pana bhikkhunā ‘‘ākāso hotū’’ti adhiṭṭhitattā ākāso hotiyeva. Purimādhiṭṭhānabaleneva cassa antarā añño pabbato vā rukkho vā utumayo uṭṭhahissatīti aṭṭhānametaṃ. Aññena iddhimatā <a name="P1.0349"></a> nimmite pana paṭhamaṃ nimmānaṃ balavaṃ hoti. Itarena tassa uddhaṃ vā adho vā gantabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pathaviyāpi ummujjanimujja</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">ummujja</span>nti uṭṭhānaṃ, <span class="bld">nimujja</span>nti saṃsīdanaṃ, ummujjañca nimujjañca ummujjanimujjaṃ. Evaṃ kattukāmena pana āpokasiṇaṃ samāpajjitvā uṭṭhāya ‘‘ettake ṭhāne pathavī udakaṃ hotū’’ti paricchinditvā parikammaṃ katvā vuttanayeneva adhiṭṭhātabbaṃ. Saha adhiṭṭhānā yathāparicchinne ṭhāne pathavī udakameva hoti. So tattha ummujjanimujjaṃ karoti seyyathāpi udake. Na kevalañca ummujjanimujjameva, nhānapānamukhadhovanabhaṇḍakadhovanādīsu yaṃ yaṃ icchati, taṃ taṃ karoti. Na kevalañca udakameva karoti, sappitelamadhuphāṇitādīsupi yaṃ yaṃ icchati, taṃ taṃ ‘‘idañcidañca ettakaṃ hotū’’ti āvajjitvā parikammaṃ katvā adhiṭṭhahantassa yathādhiṭṭhitameva hoti. Uddharitvā bhājanagataṃ karontassa sappi sappiyeva hoti, telādīni telādīniyeva, udakaṃ udakameva. So tattha temitukāmova temeti, na temitukāmo na temeti. Tasseva ca sā pathavī udakaṃ hoti, sesajanassa pathavīyeva. Tattha manussā pattikāpi gacchanti, yānādīhipi gacchanti, kasikammādīnipi karontiyeva. Sace panāyaṃ ‘‘tesampi udakaṃ hotū’’ti icchati, hotiyeva. Paricchinnakālaṃ <a name="V1.0281"></a> pana atikkamitvā yaṃ pakatiyā ghaṭataḷākādīsu udakaṃ, taṃ ṭhapetvā avasesaṃ paricchinnaṭṭhānaṃ pathavīyeva hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Udakepi abhijjamāne gacchatī</span>ti ettha yaṃ udakaṃ akkamitvā saṃsīdati, taṃ bhijjamānanti vuccati, viparītaṃ abhijjamānaṃ. Evaṃ gantukāmena pana pathavīkasiṇaṃ <a name="M1.0311"></a> samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhāya ‘‘ettake ṭhāne udakaṃ pathavī hotū’’ti paricchinditvā parikammaṃ katvā vuttanayeneva adhiṭṭhātabbaṃ. Saha adhiṭṭhānā yathāparicchinnaṭṭhāne udakaṃ pathavīyeva hoti. So tattha gacchati seyyathāpi pathaviyaṃ. Na kevalañca gacchati, yaṃ yaṃ iriyāpathaṃ icchati, taṃ taṃ kappeti. Na kevalañca pathavimeva karoti, maṇisuvaṇṇapabbatarukkhādīsupi yaṃ yaṃ icchati, taṃ taṃ vuttanayeneva āvajjitvā adhiṭṭhāti, yathādhiṭṭhitameva hoti. Tasseva ca taṃ udakaṃ pathavī hoti, sesajanassa udakameva<a name="P1.0350"></a>. Macchakacchapā ca udakakākādayo ca yathāruci vicaranti. Sace panāyaṃ aññesampi manussānaṃ taṃ pathaviṃ kātuṃ icchati, karotiyeva. Yathāparicchinnakālātikkamena pana udakameva hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ākāsepi pallaṅkena kamatī</span>ti antalikkhe samantato ūrubaddhāsanena gacchati. <span class="bld">Pakkhī sakuṇo</span>ti pakkhehi yutto sakuṇo, na aparipuṇṇapakkho lūnapakkho vā. Tādiso hi ākāse gantuṃ na sakkoti. Evamākāse gantukāmena pana pathavīkasiṇaṃ samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhāya sace nisinno gantumicchati, pallaṅkappamāṇaṃ ṭhānaṃ paricchinditvā parikammaṃ katvā vuttanayeneva adhiṭṭhātabbaṃ. Sace nipanno gantukāmo hoti, mañcappamāṇaṃ, sace padasā gantukāmo hoti, maggappamāṇanti evaṃ yathānurūpaṃ ṭhānaṃ paricchinditvā vuttanayeneva ‘‘pathavī hotū’’ti adhiṭṭhātabbaṃ. Saha adhiṭṭhānā pathavīyeva hoti. Ākāse gantukāmena ca bhikkhunā dibbacakkhulābhināpi bhavitabbaṃ. Kasmā? Yasmā antarā utusamuṭṭhānā vā pabbatarukkhādayo honti, nāgasupaṇṇādayo vā usūyantā māpenti, tesaṃ dassanatthaṃ. Te pana disvā kiṃ kātabbanti? Pādakajjhānaṃ samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhāya ‘‘ākāso hotū’’ti parikammaṃ katvā adhiṭṭhātabbaṃ. Apica okāse orohaṇatthampi iminā dibbacakkhulābhinā bhavitabbaṃ. Ayañhi sace anokāse nhānatitthe vā gāmadvāre vā orohati, mahājanassa pākaṭo hoti, tasmā dibbacakkhunā passitvā anokāsaṃ vajjetvā okāse otaratīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Imepi candimasūriye evaṃmahiddhike evaṃmahānubhāve</span>ti ettha candimasūriyānaṃ dvācattālīsayojanasahassoparicaraṇena mahiddhikatā, tīsu dīpesu ekakkhaṇe ālokakaraṇena mahānubhāvatā <a name="V1.0282"></a> veditabbā, evaṃ uparicaraṇaālokapharaṇehi vā mahiddhike, teneva mahiddhikattena mahānubhāve<a name="M1.0312"></a>. <span class="bld">Parāmasatī</span>ti pariggaṇhāti, ekadese vā phusati. <span class="bld">Parimajjatī</span>ti samantato ādāsatalaṃ viya parimajjati. Ayaṃ panassa iddhi abhiññāpādakajjhānavaseneva ijjhati, natthettha kasiṇasamāpattiniyamo. Svāyaṃ yadi icchati gantvā parāmasituṃ, gantvā parāmasati. Sace pana idheva nisinnako vā nipannako vā parāmasitukāmo hoti, ‘‘hatthapāse hotū’’ti adhiṭṭhāti. Adhiṭṭhānabalena vaṇṭā muttatālaphalaṃ viya āgantvā <a name="P1.0351"></a> hatthapāse ṭhite vā parāmasati, hatthaṃ vā vaḍḍhetvā parāmasati. Hatthaṃ vaḍḍhentassa pana kiṃ upādinnakaṃ vaḍḍhati anupādinnakaṃ vāti? Upādinnakaṃ nissāya anupādinnakaṃ vaḍḍhati. Yo evaṃ katvā na kevalaṃ candimasūriye parāmasati, sace icchati, pādakathalikaṃ katvā pāde ṭhapeti, pīṭhaṃ katvā nisīdati, mañcaṃ katvā nipajjati, apassenaphalakaṃ katvā apassayati. Yathā eko, evaṃ aparopi. Anekesupi hi bhikkhusatasahassesu evaṃ karontesu tesañca ekamekassa tatheva ijjhati. Candimasūriyānañca gamanampi ālokakaraṇampi tatheva hoti. Yathā hi pātisahassesu udakapūresu sabbapātīsu candamaṇḍalāni dissanti, pākatikameva candassa gamanaṃ ālokakaraṇañca hoti, tathūpamametaṃ pāṭihāriyaṃ. <span class="bld">Yāva brahmalokāpi kāyena vasaṃ vattetī</span>ti brahmalokaṃ paricchedaṃ katvā etthantare anekavidhaṃ abhiññaṃ karonto attano kāyena vasaṃ issariyaṃ vatteti. Vitthāro panettha iddhikathāyaṃ āvibhavissatīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Iddhividhañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">51. Sotadhātuvisuddhiñāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para103"></a><span class="paranum">103</span>. Sotadhātuvisuddhiñāṇaniddese <a name="P1.0352"></a> <span class="bld">dūrepi saddāna</span>ntiādi dibbasotaṃ uppādetukāmassa ādikammikassa bhikkhuno upāyasandassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">dūrepi saddānaṃ saddanimitta</span>nti dūre saddānaṃ antare saddaṃ. Saddoyeva hi nimittakaraṇavasena saddanimittaṃ. ‘‘Dūre’’ti vuttepi pakatisotassa āpāthaṭṭhāneyeva. <span class="bld">Oḷārikāna</span>nti thūlānaṃ. <span class="bld">Sukhumāna</span>nti aṇūnaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṇhasaṇhāna</span>nti saṇhatopi saṇhānaṃ, atisaṇhānanti attho. Etena paramasukhumā saddā vuttā honti. Imaṃ ñāṇaṃ uppādetukāmena ādikammikena jhāyinā abhiññāpādakajjhānaṃ samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhāya parikammasamādhicittena <a name="M1.0313"></a> paṭhamataraṃ pakatisotapathe dūre oḷāriko araññe sīhādīnaṃ saddo āvajjitabbo. Vihāre ghaṇḍisaddo bherisaddo saṅkhasaddo sāmaṇeradaharabhikkhūnaṃ sabbathāmena sajjhāyantānaṃ <a name="V1.0283"></a> sajjhāyanasaddo pakatikathaṃ kathentānaṃ ‘‘kiṃ, bhante, kiṃ, āvuso’’tiādisaddo sakuṇasaddo vātasaddo padasaddo pakkuthitaudakassa cicciṭāyanasaddo ātape sussamānatālapaṇṇasaddo kunthakipillikādisaddoti evaṃ sabboḷārikato pabhuti yathākkamena sukhumasukhumasaddā āvajjitabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ karontena ca puratthimādīsu dasasu disāsu kamena ekekissā disāya saddanimittaṃ vuttanayena manasi kātabbaṃ. Manasi karontena ca ye saddā pakatisotassa suyyanti, tesu pakatisotamodhāya manodvārikena cittena manasi kātabbaṃ. Tassa te saddā pakaticittassāpi pākaṭā honti, parikammasamādhicittassa pana ativiya pākaṭā honti. Tassevaṃ saddanimittaṃ manasikaroto idāni dibbasotadhātu uppajjissatīti tesu saddesu aññataraṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā manodvārāvajjanaṃ uppajjati, tasmiṃ niruddhe cattāri pañca vā javanāni javanti. Yesaṃ purimāni tīṇi cattāri vā parikammopacārānulomagotrabhunāmakāni kāmāvacarāni, catutthaṃ pañcamaṃ <a name="P1.0353"></a> vā appanācittaṃ rūpāvacaracatutthajjhānikaṃ. Tattha yaṃ tena appanācittena saddhiṃ uppannaṃ ñāṇaṃ, ayaṃ dibbasotadhātu. Taṃ thāmagataṃ karontena ‘‘etthantare saddaṃ suṇāmī’’ti ekaṅgulamattaṃ paricchinditvā vaḍḍhetabbaṃ, tato dvaṅgulacaturaṅgulaaṭṭhaṅgulavidatthiratanaantogabbhapamukha- pāsādapariveṇasaṅghārāmagocaragāmajanapadādivasena yāva cakkavāḷaṃ, tato vā bhiyyopi paricchinditvā paricchinditvā vaḍḍhetabbaṃ. Evaṃ adhigatābhiñño esa pādakajjhānārammaṇena phuṭṭhokāsabbhantaragate sadde puna pādakajjhānaṃ asamāpajjitvāpi abhiññāñāṇena suṇātiyeva. Evaṃ suṇanto ca sacepi yāvabrahmalokā saṅkhabheripaṇavādisaddehi ekakolāhalaṃ hoti, pāṭiyekkaṃ vavatthāpetukāmatāya sati ‘‘ayaṃ saṅkhasaddo, ayaṃ bherisaddo’’ti vavatthāpetuṃ sakkotiyeva. Abhiññāñāṇena sute sātthake sadde pacchā kāmāvacaracittena atthaṃ jānāti. Dibbasotaṃ <a name="M1.0314"></a> pakatisotavatoyeva uppajjati, no badhirassa. Pacchā pakatisote vinaṭṭhepi dibbasotaṃ na vinassatīti vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">So dibbāya sotadhātuyā</span>ti ettha dibbasadisattā dibbā. Devānañhi sucaritakammābhinibbattā pittasemharudhirādīhi apalibuddhā upakkilesavimuttatāya dūrepi ārammaṇasampaṭicchanasamatthā dibbā pasādasotadhātu hoti. Ayañcāpi imassa bhikkhuno vīriyabhāvanābalanibbattā ñāṇasotadhātu tādisāyevāti dibbasadisattā dibbā. Apica dibbavihāravasena paṭiladdhattā, attanā ca dibbavihārasannissitattāpi dibbā, savanaṭṭhena nijjīvaṭṭhena ca sotadhātu, sotadhātukiccakaraṇena ca sotadhātu viyātipi sotadhātu. Tāya dibbāya <a name="V1.0284"></a> sotadhātuyā. <span class="bld">Visuddhāyā</span>ti parisuddhāya nirupakkilesāya. <span class="bld">Atikkantamānusikāyā</span>ti manussūpacāraṃ atikkamitvā saddasavanena mānusikaṃ maṃsasotadhātuṃ atikkantāya vītivattitvā ṭhitāya. <span class="bld">Ubho sadde suṇātī</span>ti dve sadde suṇāti. Katame dve? <span class="bld">Dibbe ca mānuse ca,</span> devānañca manussānañca saddeti vuttaṃ hoti. Etena padesapariyādānaṃ veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Ye dūre santike cā</span>ti ye saddā dūre paracakkavāḷepi, ye ca santike antamaso sadehasannissitapāṇakasaddāpi, te suṇātīti vuttaṃ hoti. Etena nippadesapariyādānaṃ veditabbanti.</p>
<p class="centered">Sotadhātuvisuddhiñāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">52. Cetopariyañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para104"></a><span class="paranum">104</span>. Cetopariyañāṇaniddese <a name="P1.0354"></a> <span class="bld">so evaṃ pajānātī</span>ti idāni vattabbaṃ vidhānaṃ upadisati. <span class="bld">Idaṃ rūpaṃ somanassindriyasamuṭṭhita</span>ntiādi ādikammikena jhāyinā paṭipajjitabbaṃ vidhānaṃ. Kathaṃ? Etañhi ñāṇaṃ uppādetukāmena jhāyinā paṭhamaṃ tāva dibbacakkhuñāṇaṃ uppādetabbaṃ. Etañhi dibbacakkhuvasena ijjhati, taṃ etassa parikammaṃ. Tasmā tena bhikkhunā ālokaṃ vaḍḍhetvā dibbena cakkhunā parassa hadayarūpaṃ nissāya vattamānassa lohitassa vaṇṇaṃ passitvā passitvā cittaṃ pariyesitabbaṃ. Tañhi lohitaṃ kusalasomanasse vattamāne rattaṃ hoti nigrodhapakkavaṇṇaṃ, akusalasomanasse vattamāne tadeva luḷitaṃ hoti, domanasse vattamāne kāḷakaṃ <a name="M1.0315"></a> hoti jambupakkavaṇṇaṃ luḷitaṃ. Kusalūpekkhāya vattamānāya pasannaṃ hoti tilatelavaṇṇaṃ. Akusalūpekkhāya vattamānāya tadeva luḷitaṃ hoti. Tasmā tena ‘‘idaṃ rūpaṃ somanassindriyasamuṭṭhitaṃ, idaṃ rūpaṃ domanassindriyasamuṭṭhitaṃ, idaṃ rūpaṃ upekkhindriyasamuṭṭhita’’nti parassa hadayalohitavaṇṇaṃ passitvā passitvā cittaṃ pariyesantena cetopariyañāṇaṃ thāmagataṃ kātabbaṃ. Evaṃ thāmagate hi tasmiṃ anukkamena sabbampi kāmāvacarādibhedaṃ cittaṃ pajānāti cittā cittameva saṅkamanto vinā hadayarūpadassanena. Vuttampi cetaṃ aṭṭhakathāyaṃ –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Āruppe parassa cittaṃ jānitukāmo kassa hadayarūpaṃ passati, kassindriyavikāraṃ oloketīti? Na kassaci. Iddhimato visayo esa, yadidaṃ yattha katthaci cittaṃ āvajjanto soḷasappabhedaṃ cittaṃ jānāti. Akatābhinivesassa pana vasena ayaṃ kathā’’ti (visuddhi. 2.401).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Parasattāna</span>nti <a name="V1.0285"></a> attānaṃ ṭhapetvā sesasattānaṃ. <span class="bld">Parapuggalāna</span>nti idampi iminā ekatthameva, veneyyavasena pana <a name="P1.0355"></a> desanāvilāsena ca byañjanena nānattaṃ kataṃ. <span class="bld">Cetasā ceto paricca pajānātī</span>ti attano cittena tesaṃ cittaṃ paricchinditvā sarāgādivasena nānappakārato jānāti. <span class="bld">Sarāgaṃ vā</span>tiādīsu vā-saddo samuccayattho. Tattha aṭṭhavidhaṃ lobhasahagatacittaṃ <span class="bld">sarāgaṃ</span> cittaṃ nāma, avasesaṃ catubhūmakakusalābyākatacittaṃ <span class="bld">vītarāgaṃ</span> nāma. Dve domanassacittāni, dve vicikicchāuddhaccacittānīti imāni pana cattāri cittāni imasmiṃ duke saṅgahaṃ na gacchanti. Keci pana therā tānipi vītarāgapadena saṅgaṇhanti. Duvidhaṃ pana domanassasahagataṃ cittaṃ <span class="bld">sadosaṃ</span> cittaṃ nāma, sabbampi catubhūmakaṃ kusalābyākataṃ <span class="bld">vītadosaṃ</span> nāma. Sesāni dasa akusalacittāni imasmiṃ duke saṅgahaṃ na gacchanti. Keci pana therā tānipi vītadosapadena saṅgaṇhanti. <span class="bld">Samohaṃ vītamoha</span>nti ettha pana mohekahetukavasena vicikicchāuddhaccasahagatadvayameva <span class="bld">samohaṃ</span>. Mohassa pana sabbākusalesu sambhavato dvādasavidhampi akusalaṃ cittaṃ ‘‘samoha’’nti veditabbaṃ. Avasesaṃ kusalābyākataṃ <span class="bld">vītamohaṃ</span>. Thinamiddhānugataṃ pana <span class="bld">saṃkhittaṃ,</span> uddhaccānugataṃ <span class="bld">vikkhittaṃ</span>. Rūpāvacarārūpāvacaraṃ <span class="bld">mahaggataṃ,</span> avasesaṃ <span class="bld">amahaggataṃ</span>. Sabbampi tebhūmakaṃ <span class="bld">sauttaraṃ,</span> lokuttaraṃ <a name="M1.0316"></a> <span class="bld">anuttaraṃ</span>. Upacārappattaṃ appanāppattañca <span class="bld">samāhitaṃ,</span> tadubhayamasampattaṃ <span class="bld">asamāhitaṃ</span>. Tadaṅgavikkhambhanasamucchedapaṭippassaddhinissaraṇavimuttippattaṃ <span class="bld">vimuttaṃ,</span> pañcavidhampi etaṃ vimuttimappattaṃ <span class="bld">avimutta</span>nti veditabbaṃ. Iti cetopariyañāṇalābhī bhikkhu soḷasappabhedampi cittaṃ pajānāti. Puthujjanā pana ariyānaṃ maggaphalacittaṃ na jānanti, ariyāpi ca heṭṭhimā heṭṭhimā uparimānaṃ uparimānaṃ maggaphalacittaṃ na jānanti, uparimā uparimā pana heṭṭhimānaṃ heṭṭhimānaṃ cittaṃ jānantīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Cetopariyañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">53. Pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para105"></a><span class="paranum">105</span>. Pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇaniddese <a name="P1.0356"></a> <span class="bld">evaṃ pajānātī</span>tiādi catūsu iddhipādesu paribhāvitacittassa pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇaṃ uppādetukāmassa taduppādanavidhānadassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Kamato hi paṭiccasamuppādaṃ passitvā viññāṇanāmarūpasaḷāyatanaphassavedanāsaṅkhātaṃ paccuppannaṃ phalasaṅkhepaṃ passati, tassa paccayaṃ purimabhave kammakilesasaṅkhātaṃ hetusaṅkhepaṃ passati, tassa paccayaṃ purimabhaveyeva phalasaṅkhepaṃ passati, tassa paccayaṃ tatiyabhave hetusaṅkhepaṃ passati. Evaṃ paṭiccasamuppādadassanena jātiparamparaṃ passati. Evaṃ bahūpakāro pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇassa paṭiccasamuppādamanasikāro<a name="V1.0286"></a>. Tattha ‘‘imasmiṃ sati idaṃ hoti, imassuppādā idaṃ uppajjatī’’ti idaṃ paṭiccasamuppādaniddesassa uddesavacanaṃ. Evaṃ tesaṃ aññataravacaneneva atthe siddhe dvidhā vacanaṃ kasmāti ce? Atthanānattasabbhāvato. Kathaṃ? <span class="bld">Imasmiṃ satī</span>ti imasmiṃ paccaye vijjamāne. Idaṃ sabbapaccayānaṃ sādhāraṇavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Idaṃ hotī</span>ti idaṃ paccayuppannaṃ bhavati. Idaṃ sabbapaccayuppannānaṃ sādhāraṇavacanaṃ. Iminā sakalena vacanena ahetukavādo paṭisiddho hoti. Ye hi dhammā paccayasambhavā honti, na paccayābhāvā, te ahetukā nāma na hontīti. <span class="bld">Imassuppādā</span>ti imassa paccayassa uppādahetu. Idaṃ sabbapaccayānaṃ uppādavantatādīpanavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Idaṃ uppajjatī</span>ti idaṃ paccayuppannaṃ uppajjati. Idaṃ sabbapaccayuppannānaṃ tato uppajjamānatādīpanavacanaṃ. Iminā sakalena vacanena sassatāhetukavādo paṭisiddho hoti. Ye hi uppādavanto dhammā, te aniccā. Tasmā satipi sahetukatte aniccahetukā ete dhammā na <a name="P1.0357"></a> loke niccasammatapakatipurisādihetukāti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yadida</span>nti <a name="M1.0317"></a> niddisitabbatthasandassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā</span>ti ettha yaṃ paṭicca phalameti, so paccayo. <span class="bld">Paṭiccā</span>ti na vinā, apaccakkhitvāti attho. <span class="bld">Etī</span>ti uppajjati ceva pavattati cāti attho. Apica upakārakaṭṭho paccayaṭṭho, avijjā ca sā paccayo cāti avijjāpaccayo. Tasmā avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā sambhavantīti yojanā. Evaṃ sambhavanti-saddassa sesapadehipi yojanā kātabbā. Sokādīsu ca socanaṃ <span class="bld">soko</span>. Paridevanaṃ <span class="bld">paridevo</span>. Dukkhatīti <span class="bld">dukkhaṃ</span>. Uppādaṭṭhitivasena vā dvedhā khanatītipi dukkhaṃ. Dummanassa bhāvo <span class="bld">domanassaṃ</span>. Bhuso āyāso <span class="bld">upāyāso. Sambhavantī</span>ti nibbattanti. <span class="bld">Eva</span>nti niddiṭṭhanayanidassanaṃ. Tena avijjādīheva kāraṇehi, na issaranimmānādīhīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Etassā</span>ti yathāvuttassa. <span class="bld">Kevalassā</span>ti asammissassa, sakalassa vā. <span class="bld">Dukkhakkhandhassā</span>ti dukkhasamūhassa, na sattassa na sukhasubhādīnaṃ. <span class="bld">Samudayo</span>ti nibbatti. <span class="bld">Hotī</span>ti sambhavati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha katamā avijjā? Dukkhe aññāṇaṃ, dukkhasamudaye aññāṇaṃ, dukkhanirodhe aññāṇaṃ, dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya aññāṇaṃ, pubbante aññāṇaṃ, aparante aññāṇaṃ, pubbantāparante aññāṇaṃ, idappaccayatāpaṭiccasamuppannesu dhammesu aññāṇaṃ. Katame saṅkhārā? Puññābhisaṅkhāro, apuññābhisaṅkhāro, āneñjābhisaṅkhāro, kāyasaṅkhāro, vacīsaṅkhāro, cittasaṅkhāro. Aṭṭha kāmāvacarakusalacetanā pañca rūpāvacarakusalacetanā puññābhisaṅkhāro, dvādasa akusalacetanā apuññābhisaṅkhāro, catasso arūpāvacarakusalacetanā āneñjābhisaṅkhāro. Kāyasañcetanā kāyasaṅkhāro, vacīsañcetanā vacīsaṅkhāro, manosañcetanā cittasaṅkhāro.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="V1.0287"></a> siyā – kathaṃ panetaṃ jānitabbaṃ ‘‘ime saṅkhārā avijjāpaccayā hontī’’ti? Avijjābhāve bhāvato. Yassa hi dukkhādīsu avijjāsaṅkhātaṃ aññāṇaṃ appahīnaṃ hoti. So dukkhe tāva pubbantādīsu ca aññāṇena saṃsāradukkhaṃ sukhasaññāya gahetvā tasseva hetubhūte tividhepi saṅkhāre ārabhati. Samudaye aññāṇena dukkhahetubhūtepi taṇhāparikkhāre saṅkhāre sukhahetuto maññamāno ārabhati. Nirodhe <a name="P1.0358"></a> pana magge ca aññāṇena dukkhassa anirodhabhūtepi gativisese dukkhanirodhasaññī hutvā nirodhassa ca amaggabhūtesupi yaññāmaratapādīsu nirodhamaggasaññī <a name="M1.0318"></a> hutvā dukkhanirodhaṃ patthayamāno yaññāmaratapādimukhena tividhepi saṅkhāre ārabhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica so tāya catūsu saccesu appahīnāvijjatāya visesato jātijarārogamaraṇādianekādīnavavokiṇṇampi puññaphalasaṅkhātaṃ dukkhaṃ dukkhato ajānanto tassa adhigamāya kāyavacīcittasaṅkhārabhedaṃ puññābhisaṅkhāraṃ ārabhati devaccharakāmako viya marupapātaṃ. Sukhasammatassāpi ca tassa puññaphalassa ante mahāpariḷāhajanikaṃ vipariṇāmadukkhataṃ appassādatañca apassantopi tappaccayaṃ vuttappakārameva puññābhisaṅkhāraṃ ārabhati salabho viya dīpasikhābhinipātaṃ, madhubindugiddho viya ca madhulittasatthadhārālehanaṃ. Kāmūpasevanādīsu ca savipākesu ādīnavaṃ apassanto sukhasaññāya ceva kilesābhibhūtatāya ca dvārattayappavattampi apuññābhisaṅkhāraṃ ārabhati bālo viya gūthakīḷanaṃ, maritukāmo viya ca visakhādanaṃ. Āruppavipākesu cāpi saṅkhāravipariṇāmadukkhataṃ anavabujjhamāno sassatādivipallāsena cittasaṅkhārabhūtaṃ āneñjābhisaṅkhāraṃ ārabhati disāmūḷho viya pisācanagarābhimukhamaggagamanaṃ. Evaṃ yasmā avijjābhāvatova saṅkhārabhāvo, na abhāvato, tasmā jānitabbametaṃ ‘‘ime saṅkhārā avijjāpaccayā hontī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Etthāha – gaṇhāma tāva etaṃ ‘‘avijjā saṅkhārānaṃ paccayo’’ti. Kiṃ panāyamekāva avijjā saṅkhārānaṃ paccayo, udāhu aññepi paccayā santīti? Kiṃ panettha yadi tāva ekāva, ekakāraṇavādo āpajjati. Atha aññepi santi, ‘‘avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā’’ti ekakāraṇaniddeso nupapajjatīti? Na nupapajjati. Kasmā? Yasmā –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Ekaṃ <a name="P1.0359"></a> na ekato idha, nānekamanekatopi no ekaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Phalamatthi atthi pana eka-hetuphaladīpane attho’’.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bhagavā <a name="V1.0288"></a> hi katthaci padhānattā katthaci pākaṭattā katthaci asādhāraṇattā desanāvilāsassa ca veneyyānañca anurūpato ekameva hetuñca phalañca dīpeti. Tasmā ayamidha avijjā vijjamānesupi aññesu vatthārammaṇasahajātadhammādīsu saṅkhārakāraṇesu ‘‘assādānupassino taṇhā <a name="M1.0319"></a> pavaḍḍhatī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 2.52) ca, ‘‘avijjāsamudayā āsavasamudayo’’ti (ma. ni. 1.104) ca vacanato aññesampi taṇhādīnaṃ saṅkhārahetūnaṃ hetūti padhānattā, ‘‘avidvā, bhikkhave, avijjāgato puññābhisaṅkhārampi abhisaṅkharotī’’ti pākaṭattā, asādhāraṇattā ca saṅkhārānaṃ hetubhāvena dīpitāti veditabbā. Eteneva ca ekekahetuphaladīpanaparihāravacanena sabbattha ekekahetuphaladīpane payojanaṃ veditabbanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Etthāha – evaṃ santepi ekantāniṭṭhaphalāya sāvajjāya avijjāya kathaṃ puññāneñjābhisaṅkhārapaccayattaṃ yujjati? Na hi nimbabījato ucchu uppajjatīti. Kathaṃ na yujjissati? Lokasmiñhi –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Viruddho cāviruddho ca, sadisāsadiso tathā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Dhammānaṃ paccayo siddho, vipākā eva te ca na’’.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Iti ayaṃ avijjā vipākavasena ekantāniṭṭhaphalā, sabhāvavasena ca sāvajjāpi samānā sabbesampi etesaṃ puññābhisaṅkhārādīnaṃ yathānurūpaṃ ṭhānakiccasabhāvaviruddhāviruddhapaccayavasena sadisāsadisapaccayavasena ca paccayo hotīti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Cutūpapāte saṃsāre, saṅkhārānañca lakkhaṇe;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Yo paṭiccasamuppanna-dhammesu ca vimuyhati.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Abhisaṅkharoti so ete, saṅkhāre tividhe yato;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Avijjā paccayo tesaṃ, tividhānaṃ ayaṃ tato.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yathāpi <a name="P1.0360"></a> nāma jaccandho, naro apariṇāyako;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Ekadā yāti maggena, ummaggenāpi ekadā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Saṃsāre <a name="V1.0289"></a> saṃsaraṃ bālo, tathā apariṇāyako;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Karoti ekadā puññaṃ, apuññamapi ekadā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yadā ca ñatvā so dhammaṃ, saccāni abhisamessati;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tadā avijjūpasamā, upasanto carissatī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saṅkhārapaccayā</span> <a name="M1.0320"></a> <span class="bld">viññāṇa</span>nti cha viññāṇakāyā cakkhuviññāṇaṃ sotaviññāṇaṃ ghānaviññāṇaṃ jivhāviññāṇaṃ kāyaviññāṇaṃ manoviññāṇaṃ. Tattha cakkhuviññāṇaṃ kusalavipākaṃ akusalavipākanti duvidhaṃ. Tathā sotaghānajivhākāyaviññāṇāni. Manoviññāṇaṃ dve vipākamanodhātuyo, tisso ahetukamanoviññāṇadhātuyo, aṭṭha sahetukavipākacittāni, pañca rūpāvacarāni, cattāri arūpāvacarānīti bāvīsatividhaṃ. Iti sabbāni bāttiṃsa lokiyavipākaviññāṇāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha siyā – kathaṃ panetaṃ jānitabbaṃ ‘‘idaṃ vuttappakāraṃ viññāṇaṃ saṅkhārapaccayā hotī’’ti? Upacitakammābhāve vipākābhāvato. Vipākañhetaṃ, vipākañca na upacitakammābhāve uppajjati. Yadi uppajjeyya, sabbesaṃ sabbavipākāni uppajjeyyuṃ, na ca uppajjantīti jānitabbametaṃ ‘‘saṅkhārapaccayā idaṃ viññāṇaṃ hotī’’ti. Sabbameva hi idaṃ pavattipaṭisandhivasena dvedhā pavattati. Tattha dve pañcaviññāṇāni dve manodhātuyo somanassasahagatāhetukamanoviññāṇadhātūti imāni terasa pañcavokārabhave pavattiyaṃyeva pavattanti, sesāni ekūnavīsati tīsu bhavesu yathānurūpaṃ pavattiyampi paṭisandhiyampi pavattanti.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Laddhappaccayamiti <a name="P1.0361"></a> dhammamattametaṃ bhavantaramupeti;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Nāssa tato saṅkanti, na tato hetuṃ vinā hoti’’.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Iti hetaṃ laddhappaccayaṃ rūpārūpadhammamattaṃ uppajjamānaṃ bhavantaramupetīti vuccati, na satto, na jīvo. Tassa ca nāpi atītabhavato idha saṅkanti atthi, nāpi tato hetuṃ vinā idha pātubhāvo. Ettha ca purimaṃ cavanato cuti, pacchimaṃ bhavantarādipaṭisandhānato paṭisandhīti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Etthāha – nanu evaṃ asaṅkantipātubhāve sati ye imasmiṃ manussattabhāve khandhā, tesaṃ niruddhattā, phalappaccayassa ca kammassa tattha agamanato, aññassa aññato ca taṃ phalaṃ siyā<a name="V1.0290"></a>. Upabhuñjake ca asati kassa taṃ phalaṃ siyā. Tasmā na sundaramidaṃ vidhānanti. Tatridaṃ vuccati –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Santāne yaṃ phalaṃ etaṃ, nāññassa na ca aññato;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Bījānaṃ abhisaṅkhāro, etassatthassa sādhako.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Phalassuppattiyā eva, siddhā bhuñjakasammuti;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Phaluppādena rukkhassa, yathā phalati sammutī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yopi <a name="M1.0321"></a> vadeyya ‘‘evaṃ santepi ete saṅkhārā vijjamānā vā phalassa paccayā siyuṃ avijjamānā vā. Yadi ca vijjamānā, pavattikkhaṇeyeva nesaṃ vipākena bhavitabbaṃ. Athāpi avijjamānā, pavattito pubbe pacchā ca niccaṃ phalāvahā siyu’’nti. So evaṃ vattabbo –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Katattā paccayā ete, na ca niccaṃ phalāvahā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Pāṭibhogādikaṃ tattha, veditabbaṃ nidassana’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Viññāṇapaccayā</span> <a name="P1.0362"></a> <span class="bld">nāmarūpa</span>nti idha vedanā saññā saṅkhārakkhandhā nāmaṃ, cattāri ca mahābhūtāni catunnañca mahābhūtānaṃ upādāyarūpaṃ rūpaṃ. Abhāvakagabbhaseyyakānaṃ aṇḍajānañca paṭisandhikkhaṇe vatthudasakaṃ kāyadasakanti vīsati rūpāni, tayo ca arūpino khandhāti ete tevīsati dhammā viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpanti veditabbā. Sabhāvakānaṃ bhāvadasakaṃ pakkhipitvā tettiṃsa, opapātikasattesu brahmakāyikādīnaṃ paṭisandhikkhaṇe cakkhusotavatthudasakāni jīvitindriyanavakañcāti ekūnacattālīsa rūpāni, tayo ca arūpino khandhāti ete dvācattālīsa dhammā viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpaṃ. Kāmabhave pana sesaopapātikānaṃ saṃsedajānaṃ vā sabhāvakaparipuṇṇāyatanānaṃ paṭisandhikkhaṇe cakkhusotaghānajivhākāyavatthubhāvadasakānīti sattati rūpāni, tayo ca arūpino khandhāti ete tesattati dhammā viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpaṃ. Esa ukkaṃso. Avakaṃsena pana taṃtaṃdasakavikalānaṃ tassa tassa vasena hāpetvā hāpetvā paṭisandhiyaṃ viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpasaṅkhā veditabbā. Arūpīnaṃ pana tayova arūpino khandhā, asaññānaṃ rūpato jīvitindriyanavakamevāti. Esa tāva paṭisandhiyaṃ nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha siyā – kathaṃ panetaṃ jānitabbaṃ ‘‘paṭisandhināmarūpaṃ viññāṇapaccayā hotī’’ti? Suttato <a name="V1.0291"></a> yuttito ca. Sutte hi ‘‘cittānuparivattino dhammā’’tiādinā (dha. sa. dukamātikā 62) nayena bahudhā vedanādīnaṃ viññāṇapaccayatā siddhā. Yuttito pana –</p>
<p class="gatha1">Cittajena hi rūpena, idha diṭṭhena sijjhati;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Adiṭṭhassāpi rūpassa, viññāṇaṃ paccayo iti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nāmarūpapaccayā</span> <a name="M1.0322"></a> <span class="bld">saḷāyatana</span>nti nāmaṃ vuttameva. Idha pana rūpaṃ niyamato cattāri bhūtāni cha vatthūni jīvitindriyanti ekādasavidhaṃ. Saḷāyatanaṃ – cakkhāyatanaṃ, sotāyatanaṃ, ghānāyatanaṃ, jivhāyatanaṃ, kāyāyatanaṃ, manāyatanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha siyā – kathaṃ panetaṃ jānitabbaṃ ‘‘nāmarūpaṃ saḷāyatanassa paccayo’’ti? Nāmarūpabhāve <a name="P1.0363"></a> bhāvato. Tassa tassa hi nāmassa rūpassa ca bhāve taṃ taṃ āyatanaṃ hoti, na aññathāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saḷāyatanapaccayā phasso</span>ti –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Chaḷeva phassā saṅkhepā, cakkhusamphassaādayo;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Viññāṇamiva bāttiṃsa, vitthārena bhavanti te’’.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Phassapaccayā vedanā</span>ti –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Dvārato vedanā vuttā, cakkhusamphassajādikā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Chaḷeva tā pabhedena, idha bāttiṃsa vedanā’’.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vedanāpaccayā taṇhā</span>ti –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Rūpataṇhādibhedena, cha taṇhā idha dīpitā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Ekekā tividhā tattha, pavattākārato matā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Dukkhī <a name="V1.0292"></a> sukhaṃ patthayati, sukhī bhiyyopi icchati;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Upekkhā pana santattā, sukhamicceva bhāsitā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Taṇhāya paccayā tasmā, honti tissopi vedanā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Vedanāpaccayā taṇhā, iti vuttā mahesinā’’.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Taṇhāpaccayā upādāna</span>nti cattāri upādānāni – kāmupādānaṃ, diṭṭhupādānaṃ, sīlabbatupādānaṃ, attavādupādānaṃ. <span class="bld">Upādānapaccayā bhavo</span>ti idha kammabhavo adhippeto. Upapattibhavo pana paduddhāravasena vutto. <span class="bld">Bhavapaccayā jātī</span>ti kammabhavapaccayā paṭisandhikhandhānaṃ pātubhāvo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha siyā – kathaṃ panetaṃ jānitabbaṃ ‘‘bhavo jātiyā paccayo’’ti ce? Bāhirapaccayasamattepi hīnapaṇītādivisesadassanato. Bāhirānañhi janakajananisukkasoṇitāhārādīnaṃ <a name="P1.0364"></a> paccayānaṃ samattepi sattānaṃ yamakānampi sataṃ hīnappaṇītatādiviseso dissati. So ca na ahetuko sabbadā <a name="M1.0323"></a> ca sabbesañca abhāvato, na kammabhavato aññahetuko tadabhinibbattakasattānaṃ ajjhattasantāne aññassa kāraṇassa abhāvatoti kammabhavahetukoyeva. Kammañhi sattānaṃ hīnappaṇītatādivisesassa hetu. Tenāha bhagavā – ‘‘kammaṃ satte vibhajati, yadidaṃ hīnappaṇītatāyā’’ti (ma. ni. 3.289).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇa</span>ntiādīsu yasmā asati jātiyā jarāmaraṇaṃ nāma sokādayo vā dhammā na honti, jātiyā pana sati jarāmaraṇañceva jarāmaraṇasaṅkhātadukkhadhammaphuṭṭhassa ca bālassa jarāmaraṇābhisambandhā vā tena tena dukkhadhammena phuṭṭhassa anabhisambandhā vā sokādayo ca dhammā honti, tasmā ayaṃ jāti jarāmaraṇassa ceva sokādīnañca paccayo hotīti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">So tathābhāvitena cittenā</span>tiādīsu <span class="bld">pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇāyā</span>ti etassa ñāṇassa adhigamāya, pattiyāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Anekavihita</span>nti anekavidhaṃ nānappakāraṃ, anekehi vā pakārehi pavattitaṃ, saṃvaṇṇitanti attho. <span class="bld">Pubbenivāsa</span>nti samanantarātītaṃ bhavaṃ ādiṃ katvā tattha tattha nivutthasantānaṃ. <span class="bld">Anussaratī</span>ti khandhapaṭipāṭivasena cutipaṭisandhivasena vā anugantvā anugantvā sarati. Imañhi pubbenivāsaṃ cha janā anussaranti titthiyā pakatisāvakā mahāsāvakā aggasāvakā paccekabuddhā buddhāti. Tattha <span class="bld">titthiyā</span> cattālīsaṃyeva kappe anussaranti<a name="V1.0293"></a>, na tato paraṃ. Kasmā? Dubbalapaññattā. Tesañhi nāmarūpaparicchedavirahitattā dubbalā paññā hoti. <span class="bld">Pakatisāvakā</span> kappasatampi kappasahassampi anussarantiyeva balavapaññattā. Asīti <span class="bld">mahāsāvakā</span> satasahassakappe anussaranti. Dve <span class="bld">aggasāvakā</span> ekamasaṅkheyyaṃ kappasatasahassañca. <span class="bld">Paccekabuddhā</span> dve asaṅkheyyāni satasahassañca. Ettako hi tesaṃ abhinīhāro. <span class="bld">Buddhānaṃ</span> pana paricchedo nāma natthi. Titthiyā ca khandhapaṭipāṭimeva saranti, paṭipāṭiṃ muñcitvā cutipaṭisandhivasena sarituṃ na sakkonti. Yathā andhā yaṭṭhiṃ amuñcitvāva gacchanti, evaṃ te khandhapaṭipāṭiṃ amuñcitvāva saranti. Pakatisāvakā khandhapaṭipāṭiyāpi <a name="P1.0365"></a> anussaranti, cutipaṭisandhivasenāpi saṅkamanti, tathā asīti mahāsāvakā. Dvinnaṃ pana aggasāvakānaṃ khandhapaṭipāṭikiccaṃ natthi. Ekassa attabhāvassa cutiṃ disvā paṭisandhiṃ passanti, puna aparassa cutiṃ <a name="M1.0324"></a> disvā paṭisandhinti evaṃ cutipaṭisandhivaseneva saṅkamantā gacchanti, tathā paccekabuddhā. Buddhānaṃ pana neva khandhapaṭipāṭikiccaṃ, na cutipaṭisandhivasena saṅkamanakiccaṃ atthi. Tesañhi anekāsu kappakoṭīsu heṭṭhā vā upari vā yaṃ yaṃ ṭhānaṃ icchanti, taṃ taṃ pākaṭameva hoti. Tasmā anekāpi kappakoṭiyo saṅkhipitvā yaṃ yaṃ icchanti, tattha tattheva okkamantā sīhokkantavasena gacchanti. Evaṃ gacchantānañca nesaṃ ñāṇaṃ antarantarāsu jātīsu asajjamānaṃ icchiticchitaṭṭhānameva gaṇhāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Imesu pana chasu pubbenivāsaṃ anussarantesu titthiyānaṃ pubbenivāsadassanaṃ khajjopanakappabhāsadisaṃ hutvā upaṭṭhāti, pakatisāvakānaṃ dīpappabhāsadisaṃ, mahāsāvakānaṃ ukkāpabhāsadisaṃ, aggasāvakānaṃ osadhitārakāpabhāsadisaṃ, paccekabuddhānaṃ candappabhāsadisaṃ. Buddhānaṃ rasmisahassapaṭimaṇḍitasaradasūriyamaṇḍalasadisaṃ hutvā upaṭṭhāti. Titthiyānaṃ pubbenivāsānussaraṇaṃ andhānaṃ yaṭṭhikoṭigamanaṃ viya hoti. Pakatisāvakānaṃ daṇḍakasetugamanaṃ viya, mahāsāvakānaṃ jaṅghasetugamanaṃ viya, aggasāvakānaṃ sakaṭasetugamanaṃ viya, paccekabuddhānaṃ jaṅghamaggagamanaṃ viya, buddhānaṃ mahāsakaṭamaggagamanaṃ viya hoti. Imasmiṃ pana adhikāre sāvakānaṃ pubbenivāsānussaraṇaṃ adhippetaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tasmā evaṃ anussaritukāmena ādikammikena bhikkhunā pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkantena rahogatena paṭisallīnena paṭipāṭiyā cattāri jhānāni samāpajjitvā abhiññāpādakajjhānato vuṭṭhāya vuttanayena paṭiccasamuppādaṃ paccavekkhitvā sabbapacchimā nisajjā āvajjitabbā. Tato āsanapaññāpanaṃ senāsanappavesanaṃ pattacīvarapaṭisāmanaṃ bhojanakālo <a name="V1.0294"></a> gāmato āgamanakālo gāme piṇḍāya caritakālo gāmaṃ piṇḍāya paviṭṭhakālo vihārato nikkhamanakālo cetiyabodhivandanakālo pattadhovanakālo pattapaṭiggahaṇakālo pattapaṭiggahaṇato yāva mukhadhovanā katakiccaṃ <a name="P1.0366"></a> paccūsakāle katakiccaṃ, majjhimayāme paṭhamayāme katakiccanti evaṃ paṭilomakkamena sakalaṃ rattindivaṃ katakiccaṃ āvajjitabbaṃ. Ettakaṃ pana pakaticittassapi pākaṭaṃ hoti, parikammasamādhicittassa pana atipākaṭameva. Sace panettha kiñci na pākaṭaṃ hoti, puna pādakajjhānaṃ samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhāya āvajjitabbaṃ. Ettakena dīpe jalite viya pākaṭaṃ hoti<a name="M1.0325"></a>. Evaṃ paṭilomakkameneva dutiyadivasepi tatiyacatutthapañcamadivasesupi dasāhepi addhamāsepi māsepi saṃvaccharepi katakiccaṃ āvajjitabbaṃ. Eteneva upāyena dasa vassāni vīsati vassānīti yāva imasmiṃ bhave attano paṭisandhi, tāva āvajjantena purimabhave cutikkhaṇe pavattaṃ nāmarūpaṃ āvajjitabbaṃ. Pahoti hi paṇḍito bhikkhu paṭhamavāreneva paṭisandhiṃ ugghāṭetvā cutikkhaṇe nāmarūpaṃ ārammaṇaṃ kātuṃ. Yasmā pana purimabhave nāmarūpaṃ asesaṃ niruddhaṃ, idha aññaṃ uppannaṃ, tasmā taṃ ṭhānaṃ āhundarikaṃ andhatamamiva hoti sududdasaṃ duppaññena. Tenāpi ‘‘na sakkomahaṃ paṭisandhiṃ ugghāṭetvā cutikkhaṇe nāmarūpārammaṇaṃ kātu’’nti dhuranikkhepo na kātabbo. Tadeva pana pādakajjhānaṃ punappunaṃ samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhāya vuṭṭhāya taṃ ṭhānaṃ āvajjitabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ karonto hi seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso kūṭāgārakaṇṇikatthāya mahārukkhaṃ chindanto sākhāpalāsacchedanamatteneva pharasudhārāya vipannāya mahārukkhaṃ chindituṃ asakkontopi dhuranikkhepaṃ akatvāva kammārasālaṃ gantvā tikhiṇaṃ pharasuṃ kārāpetvā puna āgantvā chindeyya, puna vipannāya ca punapi tatheva kāretvā chindeyya, so evaṃ chindanto chinnassa chinnassa puna chettabbābhāvato achinnassa ca chedanato nacirasseva mahārukkhaṃ pāteyya, evameva pādakajjhānā vuṭṭhāya pubbe āvajjitaṃ anāvajjitvā paṭisandhimeva āvajjanto taṃ nacirasseva paṭisandhiṃ ugghāṭetvā cutikkhaṇe nāmarūpaṃ ārammaṇaṃ kareyyāti. Tattha pacchimanisajjato pabhuti yāva paṭisandhito ārammaṇaṃ katvā pavattaṃ ñāṇaṃ pubbenivāsañāṇaṃ nāma na hoti, taṃ pana parikammasamādhiñāṇaṃ nāma hoti. ‘‘Atītaṃsañāṇa’’nti petaṃ eke vadanti<a name="P1.0367"></a>. Taṃ atītaṃsañāṇassa rūpāvacarattā rūpāvacaraṃ sandhāya vacanaṃ na yujjati. Yadā panassa bhikkhuno paṭisandhiṃ atikkamma cutikkhaṇe pavattaṃ nāmarūpaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā manodvārāvajjanaṃ uppajjitvā pubbe vuttanayena appanācittaṃ uppajjati, tadāssa tena cittena sampayuttaṃ ñāṇaṃ pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇaṃ nāma. Tena ñāṇena sampayuttāya satiyā pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="V1.0295"></a> <span class="bld">seyyathida</span>nti āraddhappakāradassanatthe nipāto. Teneva yvāyaṃ pubbenivāso āraddho, tassa pakārappabhedaṃ dassento <span class="bld">ekampi jāti</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">ekampi jāti</span>nti ekampi paṭisandhimūlaṃ cutipariyosānaṃ <a name="M1.0326"></a> ekabhavapariyāpannaṃ khandhasantānaṃ. Esa nayo <span class="bld">dvepi jātiyo</span>tiādīsu. <span class="bld">Anekepi saṃvaṭṭakappe</span>tiādīsu pana parihāyamāno kappo saṃvaṭṭakappo tadā sabbesaṃ brahmaloke sannipatanato. Vaḍḍhamāno kappo vivaṭṭakappo tadā brahmalokato sattānaṃ vivaṭṭanato. Tattha saṃvaṭṭena saṃvaṭṭaṭṭhāyī gahito hoti taṃmūlakattā. Vivaṭṭena ca vivaṭṭaṭṭhāyī. Evañhi sati ‘‘cattārimāni, bhikkhave, kappassa asaṅkhyeyyāni. Katamāni cattāri? Yadā, bhikkhave, kappo saṃvaṭṭati, taṃ na sukaraṃ saṅkhātuṃ. Yadā, bhikkhave, kappo saṃvaṭṭo tiṭṭhati…pe… yadā, bhikkhave, kappo vivaṭṭati…pe… yadā, bhikkhave, kappo vivaṭṭo tiṭṭhati, taṃ na sukaraṃ saṅkhātu’’nti (a. ni. 4.156) vuttāni cattāri asaṅkheyyāni pariggahitāni honti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha tayo saṃvaṭṭā – tejosaṃvaṭṭo, āposaṃvaṭṭo, vāyosaṃvaṭṭoti. Tisso saṃvaṭṭasīmā – ābhassarā, subhakiṇhā, vehapphalāti. Yadā kappo tejena saṃvaṭṭati, ābhassarato heṭṭhā agginā ḍayhati. Yadā āpena saṃvaṭṭati, subhakiṇhato heṭṭhā udakena vilīyati. Yadā vāyunā saṃvaṭṭati, vehapphalato heṭṭhā vātena viddhaṃsīyati. Vitthārato pana sadāpi ekaṃ buddhakkhettaṃ vinassati. Buddhakkhettaṃ nāma tividhaṃ hoti – jātikkhettaṃ, āṇākkhettaṃ, visayakkhettañca. Tattha <span class="bld">jātikkhettaṃ</span> dasasahassacakkavāḷapariyantaṃ hoti, yaṃ tathāgatassa paṭisandhigahaṇādīsu kampati. <span class="bld">Āṇākkhettaṃ</span> koṭisatasahassacakkavāḷapariyantaṃ, yattha ratanaparittaṃ, khandhaparittaṃ, dhajaggaparittaṃ, āṭānāṭiyaparittaṃ<a name="P1.0368"></a>, moraparittanti imesaṃ parittānaṃ ānubhāvo vattati. <span class="bld">Visayakkhettaṃ</span> anantamaparimāṇaṃ, yaṃ ‘‘yāvatā vā pana ākaṅkheyyā’’ti (a. ni. 3.81) vuttaṃ. Tattha yaṃ yaṃ tathāgato ākaṅkhati, taṃ taṃ jānāti. Evametesu tīsu buddhakkhettesu ekaṃ āṇākkhettaṃ vinassati, tasmiṃ pana vinassante jātikkhettaṃ vinaṭṭhameva hoti, vinassantañca ekatova vinassati, saṇṭhahantañca ekatova saṇṭhahati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tassevaṃ vināso ca saṇṭhahanañca veditabbaṃ – yasmiṃ samaye kappo agginā nassati, āditova kappavināsakamahāmegho vuṭṭhahitvā koṭisatasahassacakkavāḷe ekaṃ mahāvassaṃ vassati. Manussā tuṭṭhā sabbabījāni nīharitvā vapanti. Sassesu pana gokhāyitakamattesu jātesu gadrabharavaṃ <a name="M1.0327"></a> ravanto ekabindumattampi na vassati, tadā pacchinnaṃ pacchinnameva vassaṃ hoti. Vassūpajīvino sattā kamena brahmaloke nibbattanti, pupphaphalūpajīviniyo ca devatā. Evaṃ <a name="V1.0296"></a> dīghe addhāne vītivatte tattha tattha udakaṃ parikkhayaṃ gacchati. Athānukkamena macchakacchapāpi kālaṃ katvā brahmaloke nibbattanti, nerayikasattāpi. Tattha ‘‘nerayikā sattamasūriyapātubhāve vinassantī’’ti eke. Jhānaṃ vinā natthi brahmaloke nibbatti, etesañca keci dubbhikkhapīḷitā, keci abhabbā jhānādhigamāya, te kathaṃ tattha nibbattantīti? Devaloke paṭiladdhajjhānavasena. Tadā hi ‘‘vassasatasahassassa accayena kappavuṭṭhānaṃ bhavissatī’’ti lokabyūhā nāma kāmāvacaradevā muttasirā vikiṇṇakesā rudamukhā assūni hatthehi puñchamānā rattavatthanivatthā ativiya virūpavesadhārino hutvā manussapathe vicarantā evaṃ ārocenti – ‘‘mārisā, mārisā, ito vassasatasahassassa accayena kappavuṭṭhānaṃ bhavissati, ayaṃ loko vinassissati, mahāsamuddopi ussussissati, ayañca mahāpathavī sineru ca pabbatarājā uddayhissanti vinassissanti, yāva brahmalokā lokavināso bhavissati. Mettaṃ, mārisā, bhāvetha. Karuṇaṃ… muditaṃ… upekkhaṃ, mārisā, bhāvetha. Mātaraṃ upaṭṭhahatha, pitaraṃ upaṭṭhahatha, kule jeṭṭhāpacāyino hothā’’ti. Tesaṃ vacanaṃ sutvā yebhuyyena manussā ca bhummā devā ca saṃvegajātā aññamaññaṃ muducittā hutvā mettādīni puññāni <a name="P1.0369"></a> karitvā devaloke nibbattanti. Tattha dibbasudhābhojanaṃ bhuñjitvā vāyokasiṇe parikammaṃ katvā jhānaṃ paṭilabhanti. Tadaññe pana aparapariyavedanīyena kammena devaloke nibbattanti. Aparapariyavedanīyakammarahito hi saṃsāre saṃsaranto nāma satto natthi. Tepi tattha tatheva jhānaṃ paṭilabhanti. Evaṃ devaloke paṭiladdhajjhānavasena sabbepi brahmaloke nibbattantīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vassūpacchedato pana uddhaṃ dīghassa addhuno accayena dutiyo sūriyo pātubhavati, tasmiṃ pātubhūte neva rattiparicchedo, na divāparicchedo paññāyati. Eko sūriyo udeti, eko atthaṃ gacchati, avicchinnasūriyasantāpova loko hoti. Yathā ca pakatisūriye sūriyadevaputto <a name="M1.0328"></a> hoti, evaṃ kappavināsakasūriye natthi. Tattha pakatisūriye vattamāne ākāse valāhakāpi dhūmasikhāpi caranti. Kappavināsakasūriye vattamāne vigatadhūmavalāhakaṃ ādāsamaṇḍalaṃ viya nimmalaṃ nabhaṃ hoti. Ṭhapetvā pañca mahānadiyo sesakunnadīādīsu udakaṃ sussati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatopi dīghassa addhuno accayena tatiyo sūriyo pātubhavati, yassa pātubhāvā mahānadiyopi sussanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatopi dīghassa addhuno accayena catuttho sūriyo pātubhavati, yassa pātubhāvā himavati <a name="V1.0297"></a> mahānadīnaṃ pabhavā – ‘‘sīhapapātano, haṃsapātano, kaṇṇamuṇḍako, rathakāradaho, anotattadaho, chaddantadaho, kuṇāladaho’’ti ime satta mahāsarā sussanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatopi dīghassa addhuno accayena pañcamo sūriyo pātubhavati, yassa pātubhāvā anupubbena mahāsamudde aṅgulipabbatemanamattampi udakaṃ na saṇṭhāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatopi dīghassa addhuno accayena chaṭṭho sūriyo pātubhavati, yassa pātubhāvā sakalacakkavāḷaṃ ekadhūmaṃ hoti pariyādinnasinehaṃ dhūmena. Yathā cidaṃ, evaṃ koṭisatasahassacakkavāḷānipi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatopi dīghassa addhuno accayena sattamo sūriyo pātubhavati, yassa pātubhāvā sakalacakkavāḷaṃ ekajālaṃ hoti saddhiṃ koṭisatasahassacakkavāḷehi. Yojanasatikādibhedāni sinerukūṭānipi palujjitvā ākāseyeva antaradhāyanti. Sā aggijālā uṭṭhahitvā cātumahārājike gaṇhāti. Tattha kanakavimānaratanavimānamaṇivimānāni jhāpetvā tāvatiṃsabhavanaṃ gaṇhāti. Eteneva upāyena yāva paṭhamajjhānabhūmiṃ <a name="P1.0370"></a> gaṇhāti. Tattha tayopi. Brahmaloke jhāpetvā ābhassare āhacca tiṭṭhati. Sā yāva aṇumattampi saṅkhāragataṃ atthi, tāva na nibbāyati. Sabbasaṅkhāraparikkhayā pana sappitelajhāpanaggisikhā viya chārikampi anavasesetvā nibbāyati. Heṭṭhāākāsena saha upariākāso eko hoti mahandhakāro.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha dīghassa addhuno accayena mahāmegho uṭṭhahitvā paṭhamaṃ sukhumaṃ sukhumaṃ vassati. Anupubbena kumudanāḷayaṭṭhimusalatālakkhandhādippamāṇāhi dhārāhi <a name="M1.0329"></a> vassanto koṭisatasahassacakkavāḷesu sabbaṃ daḍḍhaṭṭhānaṃ pūretvā antaradhāyati. Taṃ udakaṃ heṭṭhā ca tiriyañca vāto samuṭṭhahitvā ghanaṃ karoti parivaṭumaṃ paduminipatte udakabindusadisaṃ. Kathaṃ tāva mahantaṃ udakarāsiṃ ghanaṃ karotīti ce? Vivarasampadānato. Taṃ hissa tahiṃ tahiṃ vivaraṃ deti. Taṃ evaṃ vātena sampiṇḍiyamānaṃ ghanaṃ kariyamānaṃ parikkhayamānaṃ anupubbena heṭṭhā otarati. Otiṇṇe otiṇṇe udake brahmalokaṭṭhāne brahmalokā, upari catukāmāvacaradevalokaṭṭhāne ca devalokā pātubhavanti. Purimapathaviṭṭhānaṃ otiṇṇe pana balavavātā uppajjanti. Te taṃ pihitadvāre dhamakaraṇe ṭhitaudakamiva nirussāsaṃ katvā rumbhanti. Madhurodakaṃ parikkhayaṃ gacchamānaṃ upari rasapathaviṃ samuṭṭhāpeti. Sā vaṇṇasampannā ceva hoti gandharasasampannā ca nirudakapāyāsassa upari paṭalaṃ viya. Tadā ca ābhassarabrahmaloke paṭhamatarābhinibbattā <a name="V1.0298"></a> sattā āyukkhayā vā puññakkhayā vā tato cavitvā idhūpapajjanti. Te honti sayaṃpabhā antalikkhacarā. Te <span class="bld">aggaññasutte</span> (dī. ni. 3.120) vuttanayena taṃ rasapathaviṃ sāyitvā taṇhābhibhūtā āluppakārakaṃ paribhuñjituṃ upakkamanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha tesaṃ sayaṃpabhā antaradhāyati, andhakāro hoti. Te andhakāraṃ disvā bhāyanti. Tato nesaṃ bhayaṃ nāsetvā sūrabhāvaṃ janayantaṃ paripuṇṇapaññāsayojanaṃ sūriyamaṇḍalaṃ pātubhavati. Te taṃ disvā ‘‘ālokaṃ paṭilabhimhā’’ti haṭṭhatuṭṭhā hutvā ‘‘amhākaṃ bhītānaṃ bhayaṃ nāsetvā sūrabhāvaṃ janayanto uṭṭhito, tasmā sūriyo hotū’’ti sūriyotvevassa <a name="P1.0371"></a> nāmaṃ karonti. Atha sūriye divasaṃ ālokaṃ katvā atthaṅgate ‘‘yampi ālokaṃ labhimha, sopi no naṭṭho’’ti puna bhītā honti, tesaṃ evaṃ hoti ‘‘sādhu vatassa sace aññaṃ ālokaṃ labheyyāmā’’ti. Tesaṃ cittaṃ ñatvā viya ekūnapaññāsayojanaṃ candamaṇḍalaṃ pātubhavati. Te taṃ disvā bhiyyosomattāya haṭṭhatuṭṭhā hutvā ‘‘amhākaṃ chandaṃ ñatvā viya uṭṭhito, tasmā cando hotū’’ti candotvevassa nāmaṃ karonti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ candimasūriyesu pātubhūtesu nakkhattāni tārakarūpāni pātubhavanti. Tato pabhuti rattindivā paññāyanti anukkamena ca māsaddhamāsautusaṃvaccharā. Candimasūriyānaṃ pana pātubhūtadivaseyeva sinerucakkavāḷahimavantapabbatā pātubhavanti<a name="M1.0330"></a>. Te ca kho apubbaṃ acarimaṃ phagguṇapuṇṇamadivaseyeva pātubhavanti. Kathaṃ? Yathā nāma kaṅgubhatte paccamāne ekappahāreneva pubbuḷakā uṭṭhahanti, eke padesā thūpathūpā honti, eke ninnaninnā eke samasamā, evamevaṃ thūpathūpaṭṭhāne pabbatā honti ninnaninnaṭṭhāne samuddā samasamaṭṭhāne dīpāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha tesaṃ sattānaṃ rasapathaviṃ paribhuñjantānaṃ kamena ekacce vaṇṇavanto, ekacce dubbaṇṇā honti. Tattha vaṇṇavanto dubbaṇṇe atimaññanti. Tesaṃ atimānapaccayā sā rasapathavī antaradhāyati, bhūmipappaṭako pātubhavati. Atha tesaṃ teneva nayena sopi antaradhāyati, padālatā pātubhavati. Teneva nayena sāpi antaradhāyati, akaṭṭhapāko sāli pātubhavati akaṇo athuso suddho sugandhā taṇḍulapphalo. Tato nesaṃ bhājanāni uppajjanti. Te sāliṃ bhājane ṭhapetvā pāsāṇapiṭṭhiyaṃ ṭhapenti. Sayameva jālāsikhā uṭṭhahitvā taṃ pacati. So hoti odano sumanajātipupphasadiso. Na tassa sūpena vā byañjanena vā karaṇīyaṃ atthi, yaṃ yaṃ rasaṃ bhuñjitukāmā honti, taṃ taṃ rasova hoti. Tesaṃ taṃ oḷārikaṃ āhāraṃ āharayataṃ tato pabhuti muttakarīsaṃ sañjāyati. Atha nesaṃ tassa nikkhamanatthāya vaṇamukhāni pabhijjanti<a name="V1.0299"></a>. Purisassa purisabhāvo, itthiyā itthibhāvo pātubhavati. Tatra sudaṃ itthī purisaṃ, puriso ca itthiṃ ativelaṃ upanijjhāyati. Tesaṃ ativelaṃ upanijjhāyanapaccayā kāmapariḷāho uppajjati. Tato methunaṃ dhammaṃ <a name="P1.0372"></a> paṭisevanti. Te asaddhammapaṭisevanapaccayā viññūhi garahiyamānā viheṭhiyamānā tassa asaddhammassa paṭicchādanahetu agārāni karonti. Te agāraṃ ajjhāvasamānā anukkamena aññatarassa alasajātikassa sattassa diṭṭhānugatiṃ āpajjantā sannidhiṃ karonti. Tato pabhuti kaṇopi thusopi taṇḍulaṃ pariyonandhati, lāyitaṭṭhānampi na paṭivirūhati. Te sannipatitvā anutthunanti ‘‘pāpakā vata bho dhammā sattesu pātubhūtā, mayañhi pubbe manomayā ahumhā’’ti <span class="bld">aggaññasutte</span> (dī. ni. 3.128) vuttanayena vitthāretabbaṃ. Tato mariyādaṃ ṭhapenti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha aññataro satto aññassa bhāgaṃ adinnaṃ ādiyati. Taṃ dvikkhattuṃ paribhāsitvā tatiyavāre pāṇileḍḍudaṇḍehi paharanti. Te evaṃ adinnādānagarahamusāvādadaṇḍādānesu <a name="M1.0331"></a> uppannesu sannipatitvā cintayanti ‘‘yaṃnūna mayaṃ ekaṃ sattaṃ sammanneyyāma, yo no sammā khīyitabbaṃ khīyeyya, garahitabbaṃ garaheyya, pabbājetabbaṃ pabbājeyya. Mayaṃ panassa sālīnaṃ bhāgaṃ anupadassāmā’’ti. Evaṃ katasanniṭṭhānesu pana sattesu imasmiṃ tāva kappe ayameva bhagavā bodhisattabhūto tena samayena tesu sattesu abhirūpataro ca dassanīyataro ca mahesakkhataro ca buddhisampanno paṭibalo niggahapaggahaṃ kātuṃ. Te taṃ upasaṅkamitvā yācitvā sammanniṃsu. So ‘‘tena mahājanena sammatoti <span class="bld">mahāsammato,</span> khettānaṃ adhipatīti <span class="bld">khattiyo,</span> dhammena samena pare rañjetīti <span class="bld">rājā’’</span>ti tīhi nāmehi paññāyittha. Yañhi loke acchariyaṭṭhānaṃ, bodhisattova tattha ādipurisoti. Evaṃ bodhisattaṃ ādiṃ katvā khattiyamaṇḍale saṇṭhite anupubbena brāhmaṇādayopi vaṇṇā saṇṭhahiṃsu. Tattha kappavināsakamahāmeghato yāva jālūpacchedo, idamekamasaṅkheyyaṃ <span class="bld">saṃvaṭṭo</span>ti vuccati. Kappavināsakajālūpacchedato yāva koṭisatasahassacakkavāḷaparipūrako sampattimahāmegho, idaṃ dutiyamasaṅkheyyaṃ <span class="bld">saṃvaṭṭaṭṭhāyī</span>ti vuccati. Sampattimahāmeghato yāva candimasūriyapātubhāvo, idaṃ tatiyamasaṅkheyyaṃ <span class="bld">vivaṭṭo</span>ti vuccati. Candimasūriyapātubhāvato yāva puna kappavināsakamahāmegho, idaṃ catutthamasaṅkheyyaṃ <span class="bld">vivaṭṭaṭṭhāyī</span>ti <a name="P1.0373"></a> vuccati. Imāni cattāri asaṅkheyyāni eko mahākappo hoti. Evaṃ tāva agginā vināso ca saṇṭhahanañca veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmiṃ pana samaye kappo udakena nassati, āditova kappavināsakamahāmegho uṭṭhahitvāti pubbe vuttanayeneva vitthāretabbaṃ. Ayaṃ pana viseso – yathā tattha dutiyo sūriyo, evamidha <a name="V1.0300"></a> kappavināsako khārūdakamahāmegho uṭṭhāti. So ādito sukhumaṃ sukhumaṃ vassanto anukkamena mahādhārāhi koṭisatasahassacakkavāḷānaṃ pūrento vassati. Khārūdakena phuṭṭhaphuṭṭhā pathavīpabbatādayo vilīyanti. Udakaṃ samantato vātehi dhārīyati. Pathavito yāva dutiyajjhānabhūmiṃ udakaṃ gaṇhāti, tattha tayopi brahmaloke vilīyāpetvā subhakiṇhe āhacca tiṭṭhati. Taṃ yāva aṇumattampi saṅkhāragataṃ atthi, tāva na vūpasammati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Udakānugataṃ <a name="M1.0332"></a> pana sabbasaṅkhāragataṃ abhibhavitvā sahasā vūpasammati, antaradhānaṃ gacchati. Heṭṭhāākāsena saha upariākāso eko hoti mahandhakāroti sabbaṃ vuttasadisaṃ. Kevalaṃ panidha ābhassarabrahmalokaṃ ādiṃ katvā loko pātubhavati. Subhakiṇhato ca cavitvā ābhassaraṭṭhānādīsu sattā nibbattanti. Tattha kappavināsakamahāmeghato yāva kappavināsakakhārūdakūpacchedo, idamekaṃ asaṅkheyyaṃ. Udakūpacchedato yāva sampattimahāmegho, idaṃ dutiyamasaṅkheyyaṃ. Sampattimahāmeghato…pe… imāni cattāri asaṅkheyyāni eko mahākappo hoti. Evaṃ udakena vināso ca saṇṭhahanañca veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmiṃ pana samaye kappo vātena vinassati, āditova kappavināsakamahāmegho vuṭṭhahitvāti pubbe vuttanayeneva vitthāretabbaṃ. Ayaṃ pana viseso – yathā tattha dutiyasūriyo, evamidha kappavināsanatthaṃ vāto samuṭṭhāti. So paṭhamaṃ thūlarajaṃ uṭṭhāpeti, tato saṇharajaṃ sukhumavālikaṃ thūlavālikaṃ sakkharapāsāṇādayoti yāva kūṭāgāramatte pāsāṇe visamaṭṭhāne ṭhitamahārukkhe ca uṭṭhāpeti. Te pathavito nabhamuggatā na puna patanti, tattheva cuṇṇavicuṇṇā hutvā abhāvaṃ gacchanti. Athānukkamena heṭṭhāmahāpathaviyā vāto samuṭṭhahitvā pathaviṃ parivattetvā uddhaṃ mūlaṃ katvā ākāse khipati. Yojanasatappamāṇā <a name="P1.0374"></a> pathavippadesā dviyojanatiyojanacatuyojanapañcayojanasatappamāṇāpi bhijjitvā vātavegukkhittā ākāseyeva cuṇṇavicuṇṇā hutvā abhāvaṃ gacchanti. Cakkavāḷapabbatampi sinerupabbatampi vāto ukkhipitvā ākāse khipati. Te aññamaññaṃ abhihantvā cuṇṇavicuṇṇā hutvā vinassanti. Eteneva upāyena bhūmaṭṭhakavimānāni ca ākāsaṭṭhakavimānāni ca vināsento cha kāmāvacaradevaloke vināsetvā koṭisatasahassacakkavāḷāni vināseti. Tattha cakkavāḷā cakkavāḷehi, himavantā himavantehi, sinerū sinerūhi aññamaññaṃ samāgantvā cuṇṇavicuṇṇā hutvā vinassanti. Pathavito yāva tatiyajjhānabhūmiṃ vāto gaṇhāti, tattha tayo brahmaloke vināsetvā vehapphale āhacca tiṭṭhati. Evaṃ sabbasaṅkhāragataṃ vināsetvā sayampi vinassati. Heṭṭhāākāsena saha upariākāso eko hoti mahandhakāroti sabbaṃ vuttasadisaṃ. Idha pana <a name="M1.0333"></a> subhakiṇhabrahmalokaṃ ādiṃ <a name="V1.0301"></a> katvā loko pātubhavati. Vehapphalato ca cavitvā subhakiṇhaṭṭhānādīsu sattā nibbattanti. Tattha kappavināsakamahāmeghato yāva kappavināsakavātūpacchedo, idamekaṃ asaṅkheyyaṃ. Vātūpacchedato yāva sampattimahāmegho, idaṃ dutiyamasaṅkheyyaṃ…pe… imāni cattāri asaṅkheyyāni eko mahākappo hoti. Evaṃ vātena vināso ca saṇṭhahanañca veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kiṃ kāraṇā evaṃ loko vinassati? Akusalamūlakāraṇā. Akusalamūlesu hi ussannesu evaṃ loko vinassati. So ca kho rāge ussannatare agginā vinassati, dose ussannatare udakena vinassati. Keci pana ‘‘dose ussannatare agginā, rāge udakenā’’ti vadanti. Mohe ussannatare vātena vinassati. Evaṃ vinassantopi ca nirantarameva satta vāre agginā nassati, aṭṭhame vāre udakena. Puna satta vāre agginā, aṭṭhame vāre udakenāti evaṃ aṭṭhame aṭṭhame vāre vinassanto sattakkhattuṃ udakena vinassitvā puna satta vāre agginā nassati. Ettāvatā tesaṭṭhi kappā atītā honti. Etthantare udakena nassanavāraṃ sampattampi paṭibāhitvā laddhokāso vāto paripuṇṇacatusaṭṭhikappāyuke subhakiṇhe viddhaṃsento lokaṃ vināseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pubbenivāsaṃ anussarantopi ca kappānussaraṇako bhikkhu etesu kappesu anekepi saṃvaṭṭakappe anekepi vivaṭṭakappe anekepi <a name="P1.0375"></a> saṃvaṭṭavivaṭṭakappe anussarati. <span class="bld">Saṃvaṭṭakappe vivaṭṭakappe</span>ti ca kappassa aḍḍhaṃ gahetvā vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṃvaṭṭavivaṭṭakappe</span>ti sakalakappaṃ gahetvā vuttaṃ. Kathaṃ anussaratīti ce? <span class="bld">Amutrāsi</span>ntiādinā nayena. Tattha <span class="bld">amutrāsi</span>nti amumhi saṃvaṭṭakappe ahaṃ amumhi bhave vā yoniyā vā gatiyā vā viññāṇaṭṭhitiyā vā sattāvāse vā sattanikāye vā āsiṃ. <span class="bld">Evaṃnāmo</span>ti tisso vā phusso vā. <span class="bld">Evaṃgotto</span>ti kaccāno vā kassapo vā. Idamassa atītabhave attano nāmagottānussaraṇavasena vuttaṃ. Sace pana tasmiṃ kāle attano vaṇṇasampattiṃ vā lūkhapaṇītajīvikabhāvaṃ vā sukhadukkhabahulataṃ vā appāyukadīghāyukabhāvaṃ vā anussaritukāmo hoti, tampi anussaratiyeva. Tenāha ‘‘evaṃvaṇṇo…pe… evamāyupariyanto’’ti. Tattha <span class="bld">evaṃvaṇṇo</span>ti odāto vā sāmo vā. <span class="bld">Evamāhāro</span>ti sālimaṃsodanāhāro vā pavattaphalabhojano vā. <span class="bld">Evaṃsukhadukkhappaṭisaṃvedī</span>ti anekappakārena <a name="M1.0334"></a> kāyikacetasikānaṃ sāmisanirāmisādippabhedānaṃ vā sukhadukkhānaṃ paṭisaṃvedī. <span class="bld">Evamāyupariyanto</span>ti evaṃ vassasataparimāṇāyupariyanto vā caturāsītikappasatasahassāyupariyanto vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">So</span> <a name="V1.0302"></a> <span class="bld">tato cuto amutra udapādi</span>nti so ahaṃ tato bhavato yonito gatito viññāṇaṭṭhitito sattāvāsato sattanikāyato vā cuto puna amukasmiṃ nāma bhave yoniyā gatiyā viññāṇaṭṭhitiyā sattāvāse sattanikāye vā udapādiṃ. <span class="bld">Tatrāpāsi</span>nti atha tatrāpi bhave yoniyā gatiyā viññāṇaṭṭhitiyā sattāvāse sattanikāye vā puna ahosiṃ. <span class="bld">Evaṃnāmo</span>tiādi vuttanayameva. Apica yasmā <span class="bld">amutrāsi</span>nti idaṃ anupubbena ārohantassa yāvaticchakaṃ (visuddhi. 2.410) anussaraṇaṃ, <span class="bld">so tato cuto</span>ti paṭinivattantassa paccavekkhaṇaṃ, tasmā <span class="bld">idhūpapanno</span>ti imissā idhūpapattiyā anantaramevassa upapattiṭṭhānaṃ sandhāya <span class="bld">amutra udapādi</span>nti idaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Tatrāpāsi</span>nti evamādi panassa tatra imissā upapattiyā anantare upapattiṭṭhāne nāmagottādīnaṃ anussaraṇadassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">So tato cuto idhūpapanno</span>ti svāhaṃ tato anantarūpapattiṭṭhānato cuto idha amukasmiṃ nāma khattiyakule vā brāhmaṇakule vā nibbattoti. <span class="bld">Itī</span>ti <a name="P1.0376"></a> evaṃ. <span class="bld">Sākāraṃ sauddesa</span>nti nāmagottavasena sauddesaṃ, vaṇṇādivasena sākāraṃ. Nāmagottena hi satto tisso phusso kassapoti uddisīyati, vaṇṇādīhi sāmo odātoti nānattato paññāyati. Tasmā nāmagottaṃ uddeso, itare ākārāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">54. Dibbacakkhuñāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para106"></a><span class="paranum">106</span>. Dibbacakkhuñāṇaniddese <a name="P1.0377"></a> <span class="bld">ālokasaññaṃ manasi karotī</span>ti divā vā rattiṃ vā sūriyajoticandamaṇiālokaṃ ālokoti manasi karoti. Evaṃ manasikaronto ca ālokoti saññaṃ manasi pavattanato ‘‘ālokasaññaṃ manasi karotī’’ti vuccati. <span class="bld">Divāsaññaṃ adhiṭṭhātī</span>ti evaṃ ālokasaññaṃ manasikaritvā divāti saññaṃ ṭhapeti. <span class="bld">Yathā</span> <a name="M1.0335"></a> <span class="bld">divā tathā ratti</span>nti yathā divā āloko diṭṭho, tatheva rattimpi manasi karoti. <span class="bld">Yathā rattiṃ tathā divā</span>ti yathā rattiṃ āloko diṭṭho, tatheva divāpi manasi karoti. <span class="bld">Iti vivaṭena cetasā</span>ti evaṃ apihitena cittena. <span class="bld">Apariyonaddhenā</span>ti samantato anaddhena. <span class="bld">Sappabhāsaṃ cittaṃ bhāvetī</span>ti saobhāsaṃ cittaṃ vaḍḍheti. Etena dibbacakkhussa parikammālokārammaṇaṃ cittaṃ kathitaṃ. Ālokakasiṇārammaṇaṃ catutthajjhānameva vā sandhāya vuttaṃ. Tassevaṃ bhāvayato obhāsajātaṃ cittaṃ hoti vigatandhakārāvaraṇaṃ. Tena hi dibbacakkhuṃ uppādetukāmena ādikammikena kulaputtena imissāyeva pāḷiyā anusārena kasiṇārammaṇaṃ abhiññāpādakajjhānaṃ sabbākārena abhinīhārakkhamaṃ <a name="V1.0303"></a> katvā ‘‘tejokasiṇaṃ odātakasiṇaṃ ālokakasiṇa’’nti imesu tīsu kasiṇesu aññataraṃ āsannaṃ kātabbaṃ, upacārajjhānagocaraṃ katvā vaḍḍhetvā ṭhapetabbaṃ, na tattha appanā uppādetabbāti adhippāyo. Sace hi uppādeti, pādakajjhānanissayaṃ hoti, na parikammanissayaṃ. Imesu ca pana tīsu ālokakasiṇaṃyeva seṭṭhataraṃ, tadanulomena pana itaraṃ kasiṇadvayampi vuttaṃ. Tasmā ālokakasiṇaṃ itaresaṃ vā aññataraṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā cattāri jhānāni uppādetvā puna upacārabhūmiyaṃyeva ṭhatvā kasiṇaṃ vaḍḍhetabbaṃ. Vaḍḍhitavaḍḍhitaṭṭhānassa antoyeva rūpagataṃ passitabbaṃ. Rūpagataṃ passato panassa tena byāpārena parikammacittena ālokapharaṇaṃ akubbato <a name="P1.0378"></a> parikammassa vāro atikkamati, tato āloko antaradhāyati, tasmiṃ antarahite rūpagatampi na dissati. Athānena punappunaṃ pādakajjhānameva pavisitvā tato vuṭṭhāya āloko pharitabbo. Evaṃ anukkamena āloko thāmagato hotīti. ‘‘Ettha āloko hotū’’ti yattakaṃ ṭhānaṃ paricchindati, tattha āloko tiṭṭhatiyeva. Divasampi nisīditvā passato rūpadassanaṃ hoti. Tattha yadā tassa bhikkhuno maṃsacakkhussa anāpāthagataṃ antokucchigataṃ hadayavatthunissitaṃ heṭṭhāpathavītalanissitaṃ tirokuṭṭapabbatapākāragataṃ paracakkavāḷagatanti idaṃ rūpaṃ ñāṇacakkhussa āpāthaṃ āgacchati, maṃsacakkhunā dissamānaṃ viya hoti, tadā dibbacakkhu uppannaṃ hoti. Tadeva cettha rūpadassanasamatthaṃ, na pubbabhāgacittāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatrāyaṃ <a name="M1.0336"></a> dibbacakkhuno uppattikkamo – vuttappakārametaṃ rūpamārammaṇaṃ katvā manodvārāvajjane uppajjitvā niruddhe tadeva rūpamārammaṇaṃ katvā cattāri pañca vā javanāni uppajjantīti pubbe vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ. Idaṃ pana ñāṇaṃ ‘‘sattānaṃ cutūpapāte ñāṇa’’ntipi ‘‘dibbacakkhuñāṇa’’ntipi vuccati. Taṃ panetaṃ puthujjanassa paripantho hoti. So hi ‘‘yattha yattha āloko hotū’’ti adhiṭṭhāti, taṃ taṃ pathavīsamuddapabbate vinivijjhitvāpi ekālokaṃ hoti. Athassa tattha bhayānakāni yakkharakkhasādirūpāni passato bhayaṃ uppajjati. Tena cittavikkhepaṃ patvā jhānavibbhantako hoti. Tasmā rūpadassane appamattena bhavitabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sattānaṃ cutūpapātañāṇāyā</span>ti sattānaṃ cutiyā ca upapāte ca ñāṇāya. Yena ñāṇena sattānaṃ cuti ca upapāto ca ñāyati, tadatthaṃ dibbacakkhuñāṇatthanti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Dibbena cakkhunā</span>ti vuttatthameva. <span class="bld">Visuddhenā</span>ti cutūpapātadassanena diṭṭhivisuddhihetuttā visuddhaṃ. Yo hi cutimattameva passati, na upapātaṃ, so ucchedadiṭṭhiṃ gaṇhāti. Yo upapātameva passati, na cutiṃ, so navasattapātubhāvadiṭṭhiṃ gaṇhāti. Yo pana tadubhayaṃ passati, so yasmā duvidhampi taṃ diṭṭhigatamativattati, tasmāssa taṃ dassanaṃ diṭṭhivisuddhihetu hoti. Ubhayañcetaṃ buddhaputtā passanti<a name="V1.0304"></a>. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘cutūpapātadassanena diṭṭhivisuddhihetuttā <a name="P1.0379"></a> visuddha’’nti. Manussūpacāraṃ atikkamitvā rūpadassanena <span class="bld">atikkantamānusakaṃ,</span> mānusakaṃ vā maṃsacakkhuṃ atikkantattā atikkantamānusakaṃ. Tena dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Satte passatī</span>ti manussānaṃ maṃsacakkhunā viya satte oloketi. <span class="bld">Cavamāne upapajjamāne</span>ti ettha cutikkhaṇe upapattikkhaṇe vā dibbacakkhunā daṭṭhuṃ na sakkā, ye pana āsannacutikā idāni cavissanti. Te <span class="bld">cavamānā</span>. Ye ca gahitapaṭisandhikā sampatinibbattā vā, te <span class="bld">upapajjamānā</span>ti adhippetā. Te evarūpe cavamāne ca upapajjamāne ca passatīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Hīne</span>ti mohanissandayuttattā hīnānaṃ jātikulabhogādīnaṃ vasena hīḷite ohīḷite oññāte avaññāte. <span class="bld">Paṇīte</span>ti amohanissandayuttattā tabbiparīte. <span class="bld">Suvaṇṇe</span>ti adosanissandayuttattā iṭṭhakantamanāpavaṇṇayutte. <span class="bld">Dubbaṇṇe</span>ti dosanissandayuttattā aniṭṭhākantāmanāpavaṇṇayutte, anabhirūpe <a name="M1.0337"></a> virūpetipi attho. <span class="bld">Sugate</span>ti sugatigate, alobhanissandayuttattā vā aḍḍhe mahaddhane. <span class="bld">Duggate</span>ti duggatigate, lobhanissandayuttattā vā dalidde appannapāne. <span class="bld">Yathākammūpage</span>ti yaṃ yaṃ kammaṃ upacitaṃ, tena tena upagate. Tattha purimehi ‘‘cavamāne’’tiādīhi dibbacakkhukiccaṃ vuttaṃ, iminā pana padena yathākammūpagañāṇakiccaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tassa ca ñāṇassa ayamuppattikkamo – idha bhikkhu heṭṭhānirayābhimukhaṃ ālokaṃ vaḍḍhetvā nerayike satte passati mahādukkhamanubhavamāne, taṃ dassanaṃ dibbacakkhukiccameva. So evaṃ manasi karoti ‘‘kiṃ nu kho kammaṃ katvā ime sattā etaṃ dukkhamanubhavantī’’ti. Athassa ‘‘idaṃ nāma katvā’’ti taṃkammārammaṇaṃ ñāṇamuppajjati. Tathā uparidevalokābhimukhaṃ ālokaṃ vaḍḍhetvā nandanavanamissakavanaphārusakavanādīsu satte passati mahāsampattiṃ anubhavamāne, tampi dassanaṃ dibbacakkhukiccameva. So evaṃ manasi karoti ‘‘kiṃ nu kho kammaṃ katvā ime sattā etaṃ sampattiṃ anubhavantī’’ti. Athassa ‘‘idaṃ nāma katvā’’ti taṃkammārammaṇaṃ ñāṇamuppajjati. Idaṃ yathākammūpagañāṇaṃ nāma. Imassa visuṃ parikammaṃ nāma natthi. Yathā cimassa, evaṃ anāgataṃsañāṇassāpi. Dibbacakkhupādakāneva <a name="P1.0380"></a> hi imāni dibbacakkhunā saheva ijjhanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ime vata bhonto</span>tiādīsu <span class="bld">ime</span>ti dibbacakkhunā diṭṭhānaṃ nidassanavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Vatā</span>ti anulomavacanatthe nipāto. <span class="bld">Bhonto</span>ti bhavanto. Duṭṭhu caritaṃ, duṭṭhaṃ vā caritaṃ kilesapūtikattāti duccaritaṃ, kāyena duccaritaṃ, kāyato vā uppannaṃ duccaritanti <span class="bld">kāyaduccaritaṃ</span><a name="V1.0305"></a>. Itaresupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Samannāgatā</span>ti samaṅgībhūtā. <span class="bld">Ariyānaṃ upavādakā</span>ti buddhapaccekabuddhasāvakānaṃ ariyānaṃ antamaso gihisotāpannānampi anatthakāmā hutvā antimavatthunā vā guṇaparidhaṃsanena vā upavādakā, akkosakā garahakāti vuttaṃ hoti. Tattha ‘‘natthi imesaṃ samaṇadhammo, assamaṇā ete’’ti vadanto antimavatthunā upavadati, ‘‘natthi imesaṃ jhānaṃ vā vimokkho vā maggo vā phalaṃ vā’’tiādīni vadanto guṇaparidhaṃsanena upavadatīti veditabbo. So ca jānaṃ vā upavadeyya ajānaṃ vā, ubhayathāpi ariyūpavādova hoti. Bhāriyaṃ kammaṃ ānantariyasadisaṃ saggāvaraṇaṃ maggāvaraṇañca, satekicchaṃ pana hoti. Tasmā yo ariyaṃ upavadati, tena gantvā sace attanā vuḍḍhataro hoti, ukkuṭikaṃ nisīditvā ‘‘ahaṃ āyasmantaṃ <a name="M1.0338"></a> idañcidañca avacaṃ, taṃ me khamāhī’’ti khamāpetabbo. Sace navakataro hoti, vanditvā ukkuṭikaṃ nisīditvā añjaliṃ paggahetvā ‘‘ahaṃ, bhante, tumhe idañcidañca avacaṃ, taṃ me khamathā’’ti khamāpetabbo. Sace disāpakkanto hoti, sayaṃ vā gantvā saddhivihārikādike vā pesetvā khamāpetabbo. Sace nāpi gantuṃ na pesetuṃ sakkā hoti, ye tasmiṃ vihāre bhikkhū vasanti, tesaṃ santikaṃ gantvā sace navakatarā honti, ukkuṭikaṃ nisīditvā, sace vuḍḍhatarā, vuḍḍhe vuttanayeneva paṭipajjitvā ‘‘ahaṃ, bhante, asukaṃ nāma āyasmantaṃ idañcidañca avacaṃ, khamatu me so āyasmā’’ti vatvā khamāpetabbo. Sammukhā akkhamantepi etadeva kātabbaṃ. Sace ekacārikabhikkhu hoti, neva tassa vasanaṭṭhānaṃ, na gataṭṭhānaṃ paññāyati, ekassa paṇḍitassa bhikkhuno santikaṃ gantvā ‘‘ahaṃ, bhante, asukaṃ nāma āyasmantaṃ idañcidañca avacaṃ, taṃ me anussarato vippaṭisāro hoti, kiṃ karomī’’ti <a name="P1.0381"></a> vattabbaṃ. So vakkhati ‘‘tumhe mā cintayittha, thero tumhākaṃ khamati, cittaṃ vūpasamethā’’ti. Tenāpi ariyassa gatadisābhimukhena añjaliṃ paggahetvā ‘‘khamathā’’ti vattabbaṃ. Yadi so parinibbuto hoti, parinibbutamañcaṭṭhānaṃ gantvā yāva sivathikaṃ gantvāpi khamāpetabbaṃ. Evaṃ kate neva saggāvaraṇaṃ, na maggāvaraṇaṃ hoti, pākatikameva hotīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Micchādiṭṭhikā</span>ti viparītadassanā. <span class="bld">Micchādiṭṭhikammasamādānā</span>ti micchādiṭṭhivasena samādinnanānāvidhakammā, ye ca micchādiṭṭhimūlakesu kāyakammādīsu aññepi samādapenti. Ettha ca vacīduccaritaggahaṇeneva ariyūpavāde, manoduccaritaggahaṇena ca micchādiṭṭhiyā saṅgahitāyapi imesaṃ dvinnaṃ puna vacanaṃ mahāsāvajjabhāvadassanatthanti veditabbaṃ. Mahāsāvajjo hi ariyūpavādo ānantariyasadisattā. Vuttampi cetaṃ ‘‘seyyathāpi, sāriputta, bhikkhu sīlasampanno samādhisampanno paññāsampanno diṭṭheva dhamme aññaṃ ārādheyya, evaṃsampadamidaṃ sāriputta vadāmi taṃ vācaṃ appahāya taṃ cittaṃ appahāya taṃ diṭṭhiṃ appaṭinissajjitvā yathābhataṃ <a name="V1.0306"></a> nikkhitto, evaṃ niraye’’ti (ma. ni. 1.149). Micchādiṭṭhito ca mahāsāvajjataraṃ nāma aññaṃ natthi. Yathāha – ‘‘nāhaṃ, bhikkhave, aññaṃ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi, yaṃ evaṃ mahāsāvajjaṃ, yathayidaṃ, bhikkhave, micchādiṭṭhi, micchādiṭṭhiparamāni, bhikkhave, vajjānī’’ti (a. ni. 1.310).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāyassa</span> <a name="M1.0339"></a> <span class="bld">bhedā</span>ti upādinnakkhandhapariccāgā. <span class="bld">Paraṃ maraṇā</span>ti tadanantaraṃ abhinibbattikkhandhaggahaṇe. Atha vā <span class="bld">kāyassa bhedā</span>ti jīvitindriyassupacchedā. <span class="bld">Paraṃ maraṇā</span>ti cuticittato uddhaṃ. <span class="bld">Apāya</span>nti evamādi sabbaṃ nirayavevacanameva. Nirayo hi saggamokkhahetubhūtā puññasammatā ayā apetattā, sukhānaṃ vā āyassa abhāvā apāyo. Dukkhassa gati paṭisaraṇanti <span class="bld">duggati,</span> dosabahulatāya vā duṭṭhena kammunā nibbattā gati duggati. Vivasā nipatanti tattha dukkaṭakārinoti <span class="bld">vinipāto,</span> vinassantā vā ettha patanti sambhijjamānaṅgapaccaṅgātipi vinipāto. Natthi ettha assādasaññito ayoti <span class="bld">nirayo</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha vā apāyaggahaṇena <a name="P1.0382"></a> tiracchānayoniṃ dīpeti. Tiracchānayoni hi apāyo sugatito apetattā, na duggati mahesakkhānaṃ nāgarājādīnaṃ sambhavato. Duggatiggahaṇena pettivisayaṃ. So hi apāyo ceva duggati ca sugatito apetattā dukkhassa ca gatibhūtattā, na tu vinipāto asurasadisaṃ avinipatitattā. Vinipātaggahaṇena asurakāyaṃ. So hi yathāvuttena atthena apāyo ceva duggati ca sabbasamussayehi ca vinipatitattā vinipātoti vuccati. Nirayaggahaṇena avīciādimanekappakāraṃ nirayamevāti. <span class="bld">Upapannā</span>ti upagatā, tattha abhinibbattāti adhippāyo. Vuttavipariyāyena sukkapakkho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ayaṃ pana viseso – tattha sugatiggahaṇena manussagatipi saṅgayhati, saggaggahaṇena devagatiyeva. Tattha sundarā gatīti <span class="bld">sugati</span>. Rūpādīhi visayehi suṭṭhu aggoti <span class="bld">saggo</span>. So sabbopi lujjanapalujjanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">loko</span>ti ayaṃ vacanattho. Iti ‘‘dibbena cakkhunā’’tiādi sabbaṃ nigamanavacanaṃ. Evaṃ dibbena cakkhunā passatīti ayamettha saṅkhepatthoti.</p>
<p class="centered">Dibbacakkhuñāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Pañcañāṇapakiṇṇakaṃ</p>
<p class="bodytext">Imesu <a name="V1.0307"></a><a name="P1.0383"></a> pañcasu ñāṇesu <span class="bld">iddhividhañāṇaṃ</span> parittamahaggataatītānāgatapaccuppannaajjhattabahiddhārammaṇavasena sattasu ārammaṇesu pavattati. <span class="bld">Sotadhātuvisuddhiñāṇaṃ</span> parittapaccuppannaajjhattabahiddhārammaṇavasena catūsu ārammaṇesu pavattati. <span class="bld">Cetopariyañāṇaṃ</span> parittamahaggataappamāṇamaggaatītānāgatapaccuppannabahiddhārammaṇavasena aṭṭhasu ārammaṇesu pavattati. <span class="bld">Pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇaṃ</span> <a name="M1.0340"></a></p>
<p class="bodytext">Parittamahaggataappamāṇamaggaatītaajjhattabahiddhānavattabbārammaṇavasena aṭṭhasu ārammaṇesu pavattati. <span class="bld">Dibbacakkhuñāṇaṃ</span> parittapaccuppannaajjhattabahiddhārammaṇavasena catūsu ārammaṇesu pavattati. <span class="bld">Yathākammūpagañāṇaṃ</span> parittamahaggataatītaajjhattabahiddhārammaṇavasena pañcasu ārammaṇesu pavattati. <span class="bld">Anāgataṃsañāṇaṃ</span> parittamahaggataappamāṇamaggaanāgataajjhattabahiddhānavattabbārammaṇavasena aṭṭhasu ārammaṇesu pavattatīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Pañcañāṇapakiṇṇakaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="title">55. Āsavakkhayañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para107"></a><span class="paranum">107</span>. Āsavakkhayañāṇaniddese <a name="P1.0384"></a> <span class="bld">anaññātaññassāmītindriyā</span>dīni vuttatthāni. <span class="bld">Kati ṭhānāni gacchatī</span>ti ekekassa uppattiṭṭhānaniyamanatthaṃ pucchā. <span class="bld">Ekaṃ ṭhānaṃ gacchatī</span>ti ekasmiṃ ṭhāne uppajjatīti vuttaṃ hoti. Uppattiokāsaṭṭhānañhi tiṭṭhati etthāti ṭhānanti vuccati. <span class="bld">Cha ṭhānānī</span>ti cha maggaphalakkhaṇe. Indriyānaṃ anaññātaññassāmītindriyādīsu tīsu ekekameva adhikaṃ hotīti dassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">saddhindriyaṃ adhimokkhaparivāraṃ hotī</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Yathā ‘‘saddhindriyassa adhimokkhaṭṭho’’tiādīsu (paṭi. ma. 1.12) adhimokkhādayo saddhindriyādīnaṃ kiccavasena vuttā, evamidhāpi ‘‘adhimokkhaparivāraṃ hotī’’ti saddhindriyaṃ adhimokkhatthena parivāraṃ hotīti vuttaṃ hoti. Esa nayo sesesupi. <span class="bld">Parivāra</span>nti ca liṅgavipallāso kato. <span class="bld">Paññindriya</span>nti anaññātaññassāmītindriyameva pajānanasabhāvadassanatthaṃ visuṃ katvā vuttaṃ. Abhidhammepi (vibha. 219) hi paññāya kiccavisesadassanatthaṃ maggakkhaṇe ca phalakkhaṇe ca ekāva paññā aṭṭhadhā vibhattā. <span class="bld">Abhisandanaparivāra</span>nti nhāniyacuṇṇānaṃ udakaṃ viya cittacetasikānaṃ sinehanakiccena parivāraṃ hoti. Idaṃ somanassasampayuttamaggavaseneva vuttaṃ. Upekkhāsampayuttamagge pana somanassindriyaṭṭhāne upekkhindriyaṃ <a name="V1.0308"></a> daṭṭhabbaṃ. Taṃ pana sampayuttānaṃ nātiupabrūhanaparivāranti gahetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Pavattasantatādhipateyyaparivāra</span>nti pavattā santati pavattasantati, vattamānasantānanti attho. Adhipatibhāvo ādhipateyyaṃ, pavattasantatiyā ādhipateyyaṃ pavattasantatādhipateyyaṃ. Vattamānajīvitindriyassa uparipavattiyā ca paccayattā pubbāparavasena pavattasantatiyā <a name="P1.0385"></a> adhipatibhāvena anaññātaññassāmītindriyassa parivāraṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sotāpattimaggakkhaṇe</span> <a name="M1.0341"></a> <span class="bld">jātā dhammā</span>tiādi sabbesaṃ maggasampayuttakānaṃ vaṇṇabhaṇanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">maggakkhaṇe jātā</span>ti maggasamuṭṭhitā eva, na aññe. Yasmā pana maggasamuṭṭhitampi rūpaṃ kusalādināmaṃ na labhati, tasmā taṃ apanento <span class="bld">ṭhapetvā cittasamuṭṭhānaṃ rūpa</span>nti āha. Sabbeva hi te dhammā kucchitānaṃ salanādīhi atthehi <span class="bld">kusalā</span>. Te ārammaṇaṃ katvā pavattamānā natthi etesaṃ āsavāti <span class="bld">anāsavā</span>. Vaṭṭamūlaṃ chindantā nibbānaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā vaṭṭato niyyantīti <span class="bld">niyyānikā</span>. Kusalākusalasaṅkhātā cayā apetattā apacayasaṅkhātaṃ nibbānaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā pavattanato apacayaṃ gacchantīti <span class="bld">apacayagāmino,</span> pavattaṃ apacinantā viddhaṃsentā gacchantītipi apacayagāmino. Loke apariyāpannabhāvena lokato uttarā uttiṇṇāti <span class="bld">lokuttarā</span>. Nibbānaṃ ārammaṇaṃ etesanti <span class="bld">nibbānārammaṇā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Imāni aṭṭhindriyānī</span>tiādi pubbe vuttaparivārabhāvassa ca tena sahagatādibhāvassa ca ādivuttaākārānañca dīpanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">aṭṭhindriyānī</span>ti pubbe vuttanayena paññindriyena saha aṭṭha. <span class="bld">Sahajātaparivārā</span>ti aṭṭhasu ekekena saha itare itare satta sahajātā hutvā tassa sahajātaparivārā honti. Tatheva aññaṃ aññassa aññaṃ aññassāti evaṃ <span class="bld">aññamaññaparivārā</span> honti. Tatheva aññamaññaṃ <span class="bld">nissayaparivārā sampayuttaparivārā</span> ca honti. <span class="bld">Sahagatā</span>ti tena anaññātaññassāmītindriyena saha ekuppādādibhāvaṃ gatā. <span class="bld">Sahajātā</span>ti teneva saha jātā. <span class="bld">Saṃsaṭṭhā</span>ti teneva saha missitā. <span class="bld">Sampayuttā</span>ti teneva samaṃ ekuppādādipakārehi yuttā. <span class="bld">Tevā</span>ti te eva aṭṭha indriyadhammā. <span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti anaññātaññassāmītindriyassa. <span class="bld">Ākārā</span>ti parivārakoṭṭhāsā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Phalakkhaṇe jātā dhammā sabbeva abyākatā hontī</span>ti rūpassapi abyākatattā cittasamuṭṭhānarūpena saha vuttā. Maggasseva kusalattā niyyānikattā apacayagāmittā ca phalakkhaṇe ‘‘kusalā’’ti ca ‘‘niyyānikā’’ti ca ‘‘apacayagāmino’’ti ca na vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Itī</span>tiādi vuttappakāranigamanaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">aṭṭhaṭṭhakānī</span>ti <a name="P1.0386"></a> aṭṭhasu maggaphalesu ekekassa aṭṭhakassa vasena aṭṭha indriyaaṭṭhakāni. <span class="bld">Catusaṭṭhi hontī</span>ti catusaṭṭhi ākārā honti. <span class="bld">Āsavā</span>tiādi heṭṭhā vuttatthameva<a name="V1.0309"></a>. Idha arahattamaggavajjheyeva <a name="M1.0342"></a> āsave avatvā sesamaggattayavajjhānampi vacanaṃ āsavakkhayavacanasāmaññamattena vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Arahattamaggañāṇameva hi keci āsave asesetvā āsavānaṃ khepanato ‘‘khaye ñāṇa’’nti vuccati. Tasmāyeva ca arahāyeva khīṇāsavoti vuccatīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Āsavakkhayañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">56-63. Saccañāṇacatukkadvayaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para108-9"></a><span class="paranum">108-9</span>. Saccañāṇacatukkadvayaniddese <a name="P2.0387"></a> <span class="bld">dukkhassa pīḷanaṭṭho</span>tiādīni vuttatthāneva. <span class="bld">Maggasamaṅgissa ñāṇaṃ dukkhepetaṃ ñāṇa</span>ntiādi anantaracatukke viya ekābhisamayavasena vuttaṃ. Duvidhañhi saccañāṇaṃ lokiyaṃ lokuttarañca. Lokikaṃ duvidhaṃ anubodhañāṇaṃ paccavekkhaṇañāṇañca. <span class="bld">Anubodhañāṇaṃ</span> ādikammikassa anussavādivasena nirodhe magge ca pavattati, dukkhe samudaye ca ārammaṇakaraṇavasena. <span class="bld">Paccavekkhaṇañāṇaṃ</span> paṭividdhasaccassa catūsupi saccesu ārammaṇakaraṇavasena. Lokuttaraṃ paṭivedhañāṇaṃ nirodhamārammaṇaṃ katvā kiccato cattāri saccāni paṭivijjhati. Yathāha – ‘‘yo, bhikkhave, dukkhaṃ passati, dukkhasamudayampi so passati, dukkhanirodhampi passati, dukkhanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadampi passatī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.1100) sabbaṃ vattabbaṃ. Idhāpi iminā vārena idameva vuttaṃ. Taṃ pana lokuttarampi ‘‘dukkhe ñāṇa’’ntiādīni nāmāni labhatīti dassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Idha pana lokikañāṇameva adhippetaṃ. Tasmāyeva ca <span class="bld">tattha katamaṃ dukkhe ñāṇa</span>ntiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">dukkhaṃ ārabbhā</span>ti dukkhasaccaṃ ālambitvā, ārammaṇaṃ katvāti attho. <span class="bld">Paññā</span>tiādīsu tassa tassa atthassa pākaṭakaraṇasaṅkhātena paññāpanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">paññā,</span> tena tena vā aniccādinā pakārena dhamme jānātītipi paññā. Idamassā sabhāvapadaṃ. Pajānanākāro <span class="bld">pajānanā</span>. Aniccādīni vicinātīti <span class="bld">vicayo. Pavicayo</span>ti upasaggena padaṃ vaḍḍhitaṃ, pakārena vicayoti attho. Catusaccadhammaṃ vicinātīti <span class="bld">dhammavicayo</span>. Aniccādīnaṃ sammā <a name="P2.0388"></a> lakkhaṇavasena <span class="bld">sallakkhaṇā</span>. Sā eva upasagganānattena <span class="bld">upalakkhaṇā</span> <a name="M1.0343"></a> <span class="bld">paccupalakkhaṇā</span>ti vuttā. Bhusaṃ lakkhaṇā te te aniccādidhamme paṭicca upalakkhaṇāti attho. Paṇḍitabhāvo <span class="bld">paṇḍiccaṃ</span>. Kusalabhāvo <span class="bld">kosallaṃ</span>. Nipuṇabhāvo <span class="bld">nepuññaṃ</span>. Aniccādīnaṃ vibhāvanavasena <span class="bld">vebhabyā</span>. Aniccādīnaṃ cintanakavasena <span class="bld">cintā,</span> yassa uppajjati, taṃ aniccādīni cintāpetītipi cintā. Aniccādīni upaparikkhatīti <a name="V1.0310"></a> <span class="bld">upaparikkhā. Bhūrī</span>ti pathavī. Ayampi saṇhaṭṭhena vitthataṭṭhena ca bhūrī viyāti bhūrī. Atha vā paññāyeva bhūte atthe ramatīti bhūrīti vuccati. Asani viya siluccaye kilese medhati hiṃsatīti <span class="bld">medhā,</span> khippaṃ gahaṇadhāraṇaṭṭhena vā medhā. Yassa uppajjati, taṃ attahitapaṭipattiyaṃ sampayuttadhamme ca yāthāvalakkhaṇapaṭivedhe parinetīti <span class="bld">pariṇāyikā</span>. Dhamme aniccādivasena vividhā passatīti <span class="bld">vipassanā</span>. Sammā pakārehi aniccādīni jānātīti sampajāno, tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">sampajaññaṃ</span>. Uppathapaṭipanne sindhave vīthiāropanatthaṃ patodo viya uppathe dhāvanakaṃ kūṭacittaṃ vīthiāropanatthaṃ vijjhatīti patodo viya <span class="bld">patodo</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dassanalakkhaṇe indaṭṭhaṃ karotīti indriyaṃ, paññāsaṅkhātaṃ indriyaṃ <span class="bld">paññindriyaṃ</span>. Kiṃ vuttaṃ hoti? Nayidaṃ ‘‘purisassa indriyaṃ purisindriya’’ntiādi viya paññāya indriyaṃ paññindriyaṃ. Atha kho paññā eva indriyaṃ paññindriyanti vuttaṃ hoti. Avijjāya na kampatīti <span class="bld">paññābalaṃ</span>. Kilesacchedanaṭṭhena paññāva satthaṃ <span class="bld">paññāsatthaṃ</span>. Accuggataṭṭhena paññāva pāsādo <span class="bld">paññāpāsādo</span>. Ālokanaṭṭhena paññāva āloko <span class="bld">paññāāloko</span>. Obhāsanaṭṭhena paññāva obhāso <span class="bld">paññāobhāso</span>. Pajjotanaṭṭhena paññāva pajjoto <span class="bld">paññāpajjoto</span>. Paññavato hi ekapallaṅkena nisinnassa dasasahassilokadhātu ekālokā ekobhāsā ekapajjotā hoti. Tenetaṃ vuttaṃ. Imesu pana tīsu padesu ekapadenāpi etasmiṃ atthe siddhe yāni panetāni bhagavatā ‘‘cattārome, bhikkhave, ālokā. Katame cattāro? Candāloko, sūriyāloko, aggāloko, paññāloko. Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro ālokā. Etadaggaṃ, bhikkhave, imesaṃ catunnaṃ ālokānaṃ yadidaṃ paññāloko’’. Tathā <a name="P2.0389"></a> ‘‘cattārome<a name="M1.0344"></a>, bhikkhave, obhāsā. Cattārome, bhikkhave, pajjotā’’ti (a. ni. 4.144-145) sattānaṃ ajjhāsayavasena suttāni desitāni. Tadanurūpeneva idhāpi therena desanā katā. Attho hi anekehi ākārehi vibhajjamāno suvibhatto hoti, aññathā ca añño bujjhati, aññathā aññoti. Ratikaraṇaṭṭhena pana ratidāyakaṭṭhena ratijanakaṭṭhena cittīkataṭṭhena dullabhapātubhāvaṭṭhena atulaṭṭhena anomasattaparibhogaṭṭhena ca paññāva ratanaṃ <span class="bld">paññāratanaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Na tena sattā muyhanti, sayaṃ vā ārammaṇe na muyhatīti <span class="bld">amoho. Dhammavicaya</span>padaṃ vuttatthameva. Kasmā panetaṃ puna vuttanti? Amohassa mohapaṭipakkhabhāvadīpanatthaṃ. Tenetaṃ dīpeti ‘‘yvāyaṃ amoho, so na kevalaṃ mohato añño dhammo, mohassa pana paṭipakkho dhammavicayasaṅkhāto amoho nāma idha adhippeto’’ti. <span class="bld">Sammādiṭṭhī</span>ti yāthāvaniyyānikakusaladiṭṭhi<a name="V1.0311"></a>. ‘‘Tattha katamaṃ dukkhasamudaye ñāṇaṃ, tattha katamaṃ dukkhanirodhe ñāṇaṃ, tattha katamaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ñāṇa’’nti pucchāvacanāni saṅkhepavasena vuttānīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Saccañāṇacatukkadvayaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">64-67. Suddhikapaṭisambhidāñāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para110"></a><span class="paranum">110</span>. Suddhikapaṭisambhidāñāṇaniddese <a name="P2.0390"></a> imesaṃ ñāṇānaṃ pabhedābhāvatoyeva heṭṭhā viya pabhedaṃ adassetvāyeva <span class="bld">atthesu ñāṇaṃ atthapaṭisambhidā</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Paññāpabhedābhāvepi attanā paṭividdhacatusaccadhammamattavasena nānattasabbhāvato <span class="bld">atthanānatte paññā atthapaṭisambhide ñāṇa</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">nānatte</span>ti atthādīnaṃ anekabhāve. <span class="bld">Vavatthāne</span>ti atthādīnaṃ nicchayane. <span class="bld">Sallakkhaṇe</span>ti atthādīnaṃ sammādassane. <span class="bld">Upalakkhaṇe</span>ti atthādīnaṃ bhusaṃdassane. <span class="bld">Pabhede</span>ti atthādīnaṃ nānābhede. <span class="bld">Pabhāvane</span>ti atthādīnaṃ pākaṭīkaraṇena uppādane. <span class="bld">Jotane</span>ti atthādīnaṃ dīpane. <span class="bld">Virocane</span>ti atthādīnaṃ vividhā dīpane. <span class="bld">Pakāsane</span>ti atthādīnaṃ pabhāsane<a name="M1.0345"></a>. ‘‘Nānatte’’ti mūlapadaṃ katvā sabbasādhāraṇavasena vuttaṃ. ‘‘Vavatthāne’’ti sotāpannassa vasena, ‘‘sallakkhaṇe upalakkhaṇe’’ti sakadāgāmissa vasena, ‘‘pabhede pabhāvane’’ti anāgāmissa vasena, ‘‘jotane virocane pakāsane’’ti arahato vasena vuttanti evampettha yojanā kātabbāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Suddhikapaṭisambhidāñāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti saddhammappakāsiniyā paṭisambhidāmagga-aṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Paṭhamo bhāgo niṭṭhito.</p>
<p class="centered"> Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa</p>
<p class="nikaya">Khuddakanikāye</p>
<p class="book">Paṭisambhidāmagga-aṭṭhakathā</p>
<p class="title">(Dutiyo bhāgo)</p>
<p class="subhead">68. Indriyaparopariyattañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para111"></a><span class="paranum">111</span>. Indriyaparopariyattañāṇaniddese <a name="V2.0001"></a><a name="P2.0391"></a><a name="M2.0001"></a> <span class="bld">tathāgatassā</span>ti vacane uddese sarūpato avijjamānepi ‘‘cha ñāṇāni asādhāraṇāni sāvakehī’’ti (paṭi. ma. mātikā 1.73) vuttattā ‘‘tathāgatassā’’ti vuttameva hoti. Tasmā uddese atthato siddhassa tathāgatavacanassa niddese gahaṇaṃ kataṃ. <span class="bld">Satte passatī</span>ti rūpādīsu chandarāgena sattatāya laggatāya sattā, te satte indriyaparopariyattañāṇena cakkhunā passati oloketi. <span class="bld">Apparajakkhe</span>ti paññāmaye akkhimhi appaṃ rāgādirajo etesanti apparajakkhā, appaṃ rāgādirajo etesanti vā apparajakkhā. Te apparajakkhe. <span class="bld">Mahārajakkhe</span>ti paññāmaye akkhimhi mahantaṃ rāgādirajo etesanti mahārajakkhā, mahantaṃ rāgādirajo etesanti vā mahārajakkhā. <span class="bld">Tikkhindriye mudindriye</span>ti tikkhāni <a name="V2.0002"></a> saddhādīni indriyāni etesanti tikkhindriyā, mudūni saddhādīni indriyāni etesanti mudindriyā. <span class="bld">Svākāre dvākāre</span>ti sundarā saddhādayo ākārā koṭṭhāsā etesanti svākārā, kucchitā garahitā saddhādayo ākārā koṭṭhāsā etesanti dvākārā. <span class="bld">Suviññāpaye duviññāpaye</span>ti ye kathitaṃ kāraṇaṃ sallakkhenti sukhena sakkā honti viññāpetuṃ, te suviññāpayā, tabbiparītā duviññāpayā. <span class="bld">Appekacce</span> <a name="M2.0002"></a> <span class="bld">paralokavajjabhayadassāvino</span>ti api eke paralokañceva rāgādivajjañca bhayato passante, imassa pana padassa niddese paralokasseva na vuttattā khandhādiloke ca rāgādivajje ca paraṃ bāḷhaṃ bhayaṃ passanasīlāti paralokavajjabhayadassāvino. Te paralokavajjabhayadassāvineti evamattho gahetabbo. <span class="bld">Appekacce na paralokavajjabhayadassāvino</span>ti tabbiparīte. <span class="bld">Loko</span>ti ca lujjanapalujjanaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Vajja</span>nti ca vajjanīyaṭṭhena. Ettāvatā uddesassa niddeso kato hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Puna <a name="P2.0392"></a> niddesassa paṭiniddesaṃ karonto <span class="bld">apparajakkhe mahārajakkhe</span>tiādimāha. Tattha tīsu ratanesu okappanasaṅkhātā saddhā assa atthīti <span class="bld">saddho</span>. So saddhāsampanno puggalo assaddhiyarajassa ceva assaddhiyamūlakassa sesākusalarajassa ca appakattā <span class="bld">apparajakkho</span>. Natthi etassa saddhāti <span class="bld">assaddho</span>. So vuttappakārassa rajassa mahantattā <span class="bld">mahārajakkho</span>. Āraddhaṃ vīriyamanenāti <span class="bld">āraddhavīriyo</span>. So kosajjarajassa ceva kosajjamūlakassa sesākusalarajassa ca appakattā apparajakkho. Hīnavīriyattā kucchitena ākārena sīdatīti kusīdo, kusīdo eva <span class="bld">kusīto</span>. So vuttappakārassa rajassa mahantattā mahārajakkho. Ārammaṇaṃ upecca ṭhitā sati assāti <span class="bld">upaṭṭhitassati</span>. So muṭṭhassaccarajassa ceva muṭṭhassaccamūlakassa sesākusalarajassa ca appakattā apparajakkho. Muṭṭhā naṭṭhā sati assāti <span class="bld">muṭṭhassati</span>. So vuttappakārassa rajassa mahantattā mahārajakkho. Appanāsamādhinā upacārasamādhinā vā ārammaṇe samaṃ, sammā vā āhito ṭhitoti <span class="bld">samāhito,</span> samāhitacittoti vā samāhito. So uddhaccarajassa ceva uddhaccamūlakassa sesākusalarajassa ca appakattā apparajakkho. Na samāhito <span class="bld">asamāhito</span>. So vuttappakārassa rajassa mahantattā mahārajakkho. Udayatthagāminī paññā assa atthīti <span class="bld">paññavā</span>. So moharajassa ceva mohamūlakassa sesākusalarajassa ca appakattā apparajakkho. Mohamūḷhattā duṭṭhā paññā assāti <span class="bld">duppañño</span>. So vuttappakārassa rajassa mahantattā mahārajakkho. <span class="bld">Saddho puggalo tikkhindriyo</span>ti bahulaṃ uppajjamānāya balavatiyā saddhāya saddho, teneva saddhindriyena tikkhindriyo. <span class="bld">Assaddho puggalo mudindriyo</span>ti bahulaṃ uppajjamānena <a name="M2.0003"></a> assaddhiyena assaddho, antarantarā uppajjamānena dubbalena saddhindriyena mudindriyo. Esa nayo sesesupi. <span class="bld">Saddho puggalo svākāro</span>ti tāya eva saddhāya sobhanākāro. <span class="bld">Assaddho puggalo dvākāro</span>ti <a name="V2.0003"></a> teneva assaddhiyena virūpākāro. Esa nayo sesesupi. <span class="bld">Suviññāpayo</span>ti <a name="P2.0393"></a> sukhena viññāpetuṃ sakkuṇeyyo. <span class="bld">Duviññāpayo</span>ti dukkhena viññāpetuṃ sakkuṇeyyo. <span class="bld">Paralokavajjabhayadassāvī</span>ti ettha yasmā paññāsampannasseva saddhādīni suparisuddhāni honti, tasmā suparisuddhasaddhādisampanno taṃsampayuttāya, suparisuddhasaddhādisampannopi vā tappaccayāya paññāya paralokavajjabhayadassāvī hoti. Tasmā eva hi saddhādayopi cattāro ‘‘paralokavajjabhayadassāvī’’ti vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para112"></a><span class="paranum">112</span>. Idāni ‘‘paralokavajjabhayadassāvī’’ti ettha vuttaṃ lokañca vajjañca dassetuṃ <span class="bld">loko</span>tiādimāha. Ettha khandhā eva lujjanapalujjanaṭṭhena lokoti <span class="bld">khandhaloko</span>. Sesadvayepi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Vipattibhavaloko</span>ti apāyaloko. So hi aniṭṭhaphalattā virūpo lābhoti vipatti, bhavatīti bhavo, vipatti eva bhavo vipattibhavo, vipattibhavo eva loko vipattibhavaloko. <span class="bld">Vipattisambhavaloko</span>ti apāyūpagaṃ kammaṃ. Tañhi sambhavati etasmā phalanti sambhavo, vipattiyā sambhavo vipattisambhavo, vipattisambhavo eva loko vipattisambhavaloko. <span class="bld">Sampattibhavaloko</span>ti sugatiloko. So hi iṭṭhaphalattā sundaro lābhoti sampatti, bhavatīti bhavo, sampatti eva bhavo sampattibhavo, sampattibhavo eva loko sampattibhavaloko. <span class="bld">Sampattisambhavaloko</span>ti sugatūpagaṃ kammaṃ. Tañhi sambhavati etasmā phalanti sambhavo, sampattiyā sambhavo sampattisambhavo, sampattisambhavo eva loko sampattisambhavaloko. <span class="bld">Eko loko</span>tiādīni heṭṭhā vuttatthāneva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vajja</span>nti napuṃsakavacanaṃ asukoti aniddiṭṭhattā kataṃ. <span class="bld">Kilesā</span>ti rāgādayo. <span class="bld">Duccaritā</span>ti pāṇātipātādayo. <span class="bld">Abhisaṅkhārā</span>ti puññābhisaṅkhārādayo. <span class="bld">Bhavagāmikammā</span>ti attano vipākadānavasena bhavaṃ gacchantīti bhavagāmino, abhisaṅkhāresupi vipākajanakāneva kammāni vuttāni. <span class="bld">Itī</span>ti vuttappakāranidassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Imasmiñca loke imasmiñca vajje</span>ti vuttappakāre <a name="M2.0004"></a> loke ca vajje ca. <span class="bld">Tibbā bhayasaññā</span>ti <a name="P2.0394"></a> balavatī bhayasaññā. <span class="bld">Tibbā</span>ti parasaddassa attho vutto, <span class="bld">bhayasaññā</span>ti bhayasaddassa, lokavajjadvayampi hi bhayavatthuttā sayañca sabhayattā bhayaṃ, bhayamiti saññā bhayasaññā. <span class="bld">Paccupaṭṭhitā hotī</span>ti taṃ taṃ paṭicca upecca ṭhitā hoti. <span class="bld">Seyyathāpi ukkhittāsike vadhake</span>ti yathā nāma paharituṃ uccāritakhagge paccāmitte tibbā bhayasaññā paccupaṭṭhitā hoti, evameva loke ca vajje ca tibbā bhayasaññā paccupaṭṭhitā hoti. <span class="bld">Imehi paññāsāya ākārehī</span>ti apparajakkhapañcakādīsu dasasu pañcakesu ekekasmiṃ pañcannaṃ pañcannaṃ ākārānaṃ vasena paññāsāya ākārehi. <span class="bld">Imāni pañcindriyānī</span>ti saddhindriyādīni pañcindriyāni<a name="V2.0004"></a>. <span class="bld">Jānātī</span>ti tathāgato paññāya pajānāti. <span class="bld">Passatī</span>ti dibbacakkhunā diṭṭhaṃ viya karoti. <span class="bld">Aññātī</span>ti sabbākāramariyādāhi jānāti. <span class="bld">Paṭivijjhatī</span>ti ekadesaṃ asesetvā niravasesadassanavasena paññāya padāletīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Indriyaparopariyattañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">69. Āsayānusayañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para113"></a><span class="paranum">113</span>. Āsayānusayañāṇaniddese <a name="P2.0395"></a> <span class="bld">idha tathāgato</span>tiādi pañcadhā ṭhapito niddeso. Tattha <span class="bld">āsayānusayā</span> vuttatthā eva. <span class="bld">Carita</span>nti pubbe kataṃ kusalākusalaṃ kammaṃ. <span class="bld">Adhimutti</span>nti sampati kusale akusale vā cittavosaggo. <span class="bld">Bhabbābhabbe</span>ti bhabbe ca abhabbe ca. Ariyāya jātiyā sambhavanti jāyantīti bhabbā. Vattamānasamīpe vattamānavacanaṃ. Bhavissanti jāyissantīti vā bhabbā, bhājanabhūtāti attho. Ye ariyamaggapaṭivedhassa anucchavikā upanissayasampannā, te bhabbā. Vuttapaṭipakkhā abhabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Katamo sattānaṃ āsayo</span>tiādi niddesassa paṭiniddeso. Tattha <span class="bld">sassato</span>ti nicco. <span class="bld">Loko</span>ti attā. Idha sarīraṃyeva nassati, attā pana idha parattha ca soyevāti maññanti. So hi sayaṃyeva āloketīti katvā ‘‘loko’’ti maññanti. <span class="bld">Asassato</span>ti anicco. Attā sarīreneva saha nassatīti maññanti. <span class="bld">Antavā</span>ti paritte kasiṇe jhānaṃ uppādetvā taṃparittakasiṇārammaṇaṃ cittaṃ sapariyanto <a name="M2.0005"></a> attāti maññanti. <span class="bld">Anantavā</span>ti na antavā appamāṇe kasiṇe jhānaṃ uppādetvā taṃappamāṇakasiṇārammaṇaṃ cittaṃ apariyanto attāti maññanti. <span class="bld">Taṃ jīvaṃ taṃ sarīra</span>nti jīvo ca sarīrañca taṃyeva. <span class="bld">Jīvo</span>ti attā, liṅgavipallāsena napuṃsakavacanaṃ kataṃ. <span class="bld">Sarīra</span>nti rāsaṭṭhena khandhapañcakaṃ. <span class="bld">Aññaṃ jīvaṃ aññaṃ sarīra</span>nti añño jīvo aññaṃ khandhapañcakaṃ. <span class="bld">Hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā</span>ti khandhā idheva vinassanti, satto maraṇato paraṃ hoti vijjati na nassati. ‘‘Tathāgato’’ti cettha sattādhivacananti vadanti. Keci pana ‘‘tathāgatoti arahā’’ti vadanti. Ime ‘‘na hotī’’ti pakkhe dosaṃ disvā evaṃ gaṇhanti. <span class="bld">Na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā</span>ti khandhāpi idheva nassanti, tathāgato ca maraṇato paraṃ na hoti ucchijjati vinassati. Ime ‘‘hotī’’ti pakkhe dosaṃ disvā evaṃ <a name="P2.0396"></a> gaṇhanti. <span class="bld">Hoti ca na ca hotī</span>ti ime ekekapakkhapariggahe dosaṃ disvā ubhayapakkhaṃ <a name="V2.0005"></a> gaṇhanti. <span class="bld">Neva hoti na na hotī</span>ti ime ubhayapakkhapariggahe ubhayadosāpattiṃ disvā ‘‘hotīti ca na hoti, neva hotīti ca na hotī’’ti amarāvikkhepapakkhaṃ gaṇhanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ayaṃ panettha aṭṭhakathānayo – ‘‘sassato lokoti vā’’tiādīhi dasahākārehi diṭṭhipabhedova vutto. Tattha <span class="bld">sassato loko</span>ti ca khandhapañcakaṃ lokoti gahetvā ‘‘ayaṃ loko nicco dhuvo sabbakāliko’’ti gaṇhantassa sassatanti gahaṇākārappavattā diṭṭhi. <span class="bld">Asassato</span>ti tameva lokaṃ ‘‘ucchijjati vinassatī’’ti gaṇhantassa ucchedaggahaṇākārappavattā diṭṭhi. <span class="bld">Antavā</span>ti parittakasiṇalābhino suppamatte vā sarāvamatte vā kasiṇe samāpannassa antosamāpattiyaṃ pavattitarūpārūpadhamme ‘‘loko’’ti ca kasiṇaparicchedantena ‘‘antavā’’ti ca gaṇhantassa ‘‘antavā loko’’ti gahaṇākārappavattā diṭṭhi. Sā sassatadiṭṭhipi hoti ucchedadiṭṭhipi. Vipulakasiṇalābhino pana tasmiṃ kasiṇe samāpannassa antosamāpattiyaṃ pavattitarūpārūpadhamme ‘‘loko’’ti ca kasiṇaparicchedantena ‘‘na antavā’’ti ca gaṇhantassa ‘‘anantavā loko’’ti gahaṇākārappavattā diṭṭhi. Sā sassatadiṭṭhipi hoti ucchedadiṭṭhipi. <span class="bld">Taṃ jīvaṃ taṃ sarīra</span>nti bhedanadhammassa sarīrasseva ‘‘jīva’’nti gahitattā ‘‘sarīre ucchijjamāne jīvampi ucchijjatī’’ti ucchedaggahaṇākārappavattā diṭṭhi. Dutiyapade sarīrato aññassa jīvassa gahitattā ‘‘sarīre ucchijjamānepi <a name="M2.0006"></a> jīvaṃ na ucchijjatī’’ti sassataggahaṇākārappavattā diṭṭhi. <span class="bld">Hoti tathāgato</span>tiādīsu ‘‘satto tathāgato nāma, so paraṃ maraṇā hotī’’ti gaṇhato paṭhamā sassatadiṭṭhi. ‘‘Na hotī’’ti gaṇhato dutiyā ucchedadiṭṭhi. ‘‘Hoti ca na ca hotī’’ti gaṇhato tatiyā ekaccasassatadiṭṭhi. ‘‘Neva hoti na na hotī’’ti gaṇhato catutthā amarāvikkhepadiṭṭhīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Itī</span>ti vuttappakāradiṭṭhinissayanidassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhavadiṭṭhisannissitā vā sattā honti vibhavadiṭṭhisannissitā vā</span>ti bhavo vuccati sassato, sassatavasena uppajjamānadiṭṭhi bhavadiṭṭhi, bhavoti diṭṭhīti vuttaṃ hoti. Vibhavo vuccati ucchedo<a name="P2.0397"></a>, ucchedavasena uppajjamānadiṭṭhi vibhavadiṭṭhi, vibhavoti diṭṭhīti vuttaṃ hoti. Vuttappakārā dasavidhā diṭṭhi bhavadiṭṭhi ca vibhavadiṭṭhi cāti dvidhāva hoti. Tāsu dvīsu ekekaṃ sannissitā apassitā allīnā sattā honti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ete vā pana ubho ante anupagammā</span>ti ettha ‘‘aggito vā udakato vā mithubhedā vā’’tiādīsu <a name="V2.0006"></a> (dī. ni. 2.152) viya vā-saddo samuccayattho. Ete vuttappakāre sassatucchedavasena dve pakkhe ca na upagantvā anallīyitvā pahāyāti attho. ‘‘Anulomikā vā khantī’’ti vikappatthova. <span class="bld">Idappaccayatāpaṭiccasamuppannesū</span>ti imesaṃ jarāmaraṇādīnaṃ paccayā idappaccayā, idappaccayā eva idappaccayatā, idappaccayānaṃ vā samūho idappaccayatā. Lakkhaṇaṃ panettha saddasatthato pariyesitabbaṃ. Te te paccaye paṭicca saha sammā ca uppannā paṭiccasamuppannā. Tassā idappaccayatāya ca tesu paṭiccasamuppannesu ca dhammesu. <span class="bld">Anulomikā</span>ti lokuttaradhammānaṃ anulomato anulomikā. <span class="bld">Khantī</span>ti ñāṇaṃ. Ñāṇañhi khamanato khanti. <span class="bld">Paṭiladdhā hotī</span>ti sattehi adhigatā hoti. Idappaccayatāya khantiyā ucchedattānupagamo hoti paccayuppannadhammānaṃ paccayasāmaggiyaṃ āyattavuttittā paccayānuparamadassanena phalānuparamadassanato. Paṭiccasamuppannesu dhammesu khantiyā sassatattānupagamo hoti paccayasāmaggiyaṃ navanavānaṃ paccayuppannadhammānaṃ uppādadassanato. Evamete ubho ante anupagamma paṭiccasamuppādapaṭiccasamuppannadhammadassanena na ucchedo na sassatoti pavattaṃ sammādassanaṃ ‘‘anulomikā khantī’’ti veditabbaṃ. Evañhi tadubhayadiṭṭhipaṭipakkhabhūtā <a name="M2.0007"></a> sammādiṭṭhi vuttā hoti. <span class="bld">Yathābhūtaṃ vā ñāṇa</span>nti yathābhūtaṃ yathāsabhāvaṃ neyyaṃ. Tattha pavattañāṇampi visayavohārena ‘‘yathābhūtañāṇa’’nti vuttaṃ. Taṃ pana saṅkhārupekkhāpariyantaṃ vipassanāñāṇaṃ idhādhippetaṃ. Heṭṭhā pana ‘‘yathābhūtañāṇadassana’’nti bhayatūpaṭṭhānañāṇaṃ vuttaṃ. Yathābhūtaṃ vā ñāṇaṃ sattehi paṭiladdhaṃ hotīti sambandho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni <a name="P2.0398"></a> ‘‘sassato loko’’tiādīhi micchādiṭṭhiparibhāvitaṃ ‘‘ete vā panā’’tiādīhi sammādiṭṭhiparibhāvitaṃ sattasantānaṃ dassetvā ‘‘kāmaṃ sevantaññevā’’tiādīhi sesākusalehi sesakusalehi ca paribhāvitaṃ sattasantānaṃ dasseti. Tattha kāmaṃ sevantaṃyeva puggalaṃ tathāgato jānātīti yojanā kātabbā. <span class="bld">Sevanta</span>nti ca abhiṇhasamudācāravasena sevamānaṃ. Pubbe āsevitavasena kilesakāmo garu assāti <span class="bld">kāmagaruko</span>. Tatheva kāmo āsaye santāne assāti <span class="bld">kāmāsayo</span>. Santānavaseneva kāme adhimutto laggoti <span class="bld">kāmādhimutto</span>. Sesesupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Nekkhammā</span>dīni vuttatthāneva. Kāmādīhi ca tīhi sesākusalā, nekkhammādīhi tīhi sesakusalā gahitāva hontīti veditabbā. ‘‘Ayaṃ sattānaṃ āsayo’’ti tidhā vuttaṃ santānameva dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ayaṃ <a name="V2.0007"></a> panettha aṭṭhakathānayo – ‘‘iti bhavadiṭṭhisannissitā vā’’ti evaṃ sassatadiṭṭhiṃ vā sannissitā. Sassatadiṭṭhi hi ettha bhavadiṭṭhīti vuttā, ucchedadiṭṭhi ca vibhavadiṭṭhīti. Sabbadiṭṭhīnañhi sassatucchedadiṭṭhīhi saṅgahitattā sabbepime diṭṭhigatikā sattā imāva dve diṭṭhiyo sannissitā honti. Vuttampi cetaṃ ‘‘dvayanissito khvāyaṃ, kaccāna, loko yebhuyyena atthitañceva natthitañcā’’ti (saṃ. ni. 2.15). Ettha hi <span class="bld">atthitā</span>ti sassataṃ. <span class="bld">Natthitā</span>ti ucchedo. Ayaṃ tāva vaṭṭanissitānaṃ puthujjanānaṃ sattānaṃ āsayo. Idāni vivaṭṭanissitānaṃ suddhasattānaṃ āsayaṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘ete vā pana ubho ante anupagammā’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha ‘‘ete vā panā’’ti eteyeva. ‘‘Ubho ante’’ti sassatucchedasaṅkhāte dve ante. ‘‘Anupagammā’’ti na allīyitvā. ‘‘Idappaccayatāpaṭiccasamuppannesu dhammesū’’ti idappaccayatāya ceva paṭiccasamuppannadhammesu ca. ‘‘Anulomikā khantī’’ti vipassanāñāṇaṃ. ‘‘Yathābhūtaṃ ñāṇa’’nti maggañāṇaṃ. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – yā paṭiccasamuppāde ceva paṭiccasamuppannadhammesu <a name="M2.0008"></a> ca ete ubho sassatucchedaante anupagantvā vipassanā paṭiladdhā, yañca tato uttari maggañāṇaṃ, ayaṃ sattānaṃ āsayo. Ayaṃ vaṭṭanissitānañca vivaṭṭanissitānañca sabbesampi sattānaṃ āsayo idaṃ vasanaṭṭhānanti. Ayaṃ ācariyānaṃ samānaṭṭhakathā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vitaṇḍavādī <a name="P2.0399"></a> panāha ‘‘maggo nāma vāsaṃ viddhaṃsento gacchati, tvaṃ maggo vāsoti vadesī’’ti? So vattabbo ‘‘tvaṃ ariyavāsabhāṇako hosi na hosī’’ti? Sace ‘‘na homī’’ti vadati, ‘‘tvaṃ abhāṇakatāya na jānāsī’’ti vattabbo. Sace ‘‘bhāṇakosmī’’ti vadati, ‘‘suttaṃ āharā’’ti vattabbo. Sace āharati, iccetaṃ kusalaṃ. No ce āharati, sayaṃ āharitabbaṃ ‘‘dasayime, bhikkhave, ariyāvāsā, yadariyā āvasiṃsu vā āvasanti vā āvasissanti vā’’ti (a. ni. 10.19). Etañhi suttaṃ maggassa vāsabhāvaṃ dīpeti. Tasmā sukathitamevetanti. Imaṃ pana bhagavā sattānaṃ āsayaṃ jānanto imesañca diṭṭhigatānaṃ imesañca vipassanāñāṇamaggañāṇānaṃ appavattikkhaṇepi jānāti eva. Tasmāyeva ca ‘‘kāmaṃ sevantaṃyeva jānātī’’tiādi vuttanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Anusayaniddese <span class="bld">anusayā</span>ti kenaṭṭhena anusayā? Anusayanaṭṭhena. Ko esa anusayanaṭṭho nāmāti? Appahīnaṭṭho. Ete hi appahīnaṭṭhena tassa tassa santāne anusenti nāma. Tasmā ‘‘anusayā’’ti vuccanti. <span class="bld">Anusentī</span>ti anurūpaṃ kāraṇaṃ labhitvā uppajjantīti attho. Athāpi siyā – anusayanaṭṭho nāma appahīnākāro, so ca uppajjatīti vattuṃ na yujjati, tasmā <a name="V2.0008"></a> na anusayā uppajjantīti. Tatridaṃ paṭivacanaṃ – na appahīnākāro, anusayoti pana appahīnaṭṭhena thāmagatakileso vuccati. So cittasampayutto sārammaṇo sappaccayaṭṭhena sahetuko ekantākusalo atītopi hoti anāgatopi paccuppannopi, tasmā uppajjatīti vattuṃ yujjatīti. Tatridaṃ pamāṇaṃ – idheva tāva abhisamayakathāya (paṭi. ma. 3.21) ‘‘paccuppanne kilese pajahatī’’ti pucchaṃ katvā anusayānaṃ paccuppannabhāvassa atthitāya ‘‘thāmagato anusayaṃ pajahatī’’ti vuttaṃ. Dhammasaṅgaṇiyaṃ mohassa padabhājane ‘‘avijjānusayo avijjāpariyuṭṭhānaṃ <a name="P2.0400"></a> avijjālaṅgī moho akusalamūlaṃ, ayaṃ tasmiṃ samaye moho hotī’’ti (dha. sa. 390) akusalacittena saddhiṃ mohassa uppannabhāvo vutto<a name="M2.0009"></a>. Kathāvatthusmiṃ ‘‘anusayā abyākatā anusayā ahetukā anusayā cittavippayuttā’’ti sabbe vādā paṭisedhitā. Anusayayamake sattannaṃ mahāvārānaṃ aññatarasmiṃ uppajjanavāre ‘‘yassa kāmarāgānusayo uppajjati, tassa paṭighānusayo uppajjatī’’tiādi (yama. 2.anusayayamaka.300) vuttaṃ. Tasmā ‘‘anusentīti anurūpaṃ kāraṇaṃ labhitvā uppajjantī’’ti yaṃ vuttaṃ, taṃ iminā tantippamāṇena yuttanti veditabbaṃ. Yampi ‘‘cittasampayutto sārammaṇo’’tiādi vuttaṃ, tampi suvuttameva. Anusayo hi nāmesa parinipphanno cittasampayutto akusaladhammoti niṭṭhamettha gantabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāmarāgānusayo</span>tiādīsu kāmarāgo ca so appahīnaṭṭhena anusayo cāti kāmarāgānusayo. Sesapadesupi eseva nayo. Kāmarāgānusayo cettha lobhasahagatacittesu sahajātavasena ārammaṇavasena ca manāpesu avasesakāmāvacaradhammesu ārammaṇavaseneva uppajjamāno lobho. <span class="bld">Paṭighānusayo</span> ca domanassasahagatacittesu sahajātavasena ārammaṇavasena ca amanāpesu avasesakāmāvacaradhammesu ārammaṇavaseneva uppajjamāno doso. <span class="bld">Mānānusayo</span> diṭṭhigatavippayuttalobhasahagatacittesu sahajātavasena ārammaṇavasena ca dukkhavedanāvajjesu avasesakāmāvacaradhammesu rūpārūpāvacaradhammesu ca ārammaṇavaseneva uppajjamāno māno. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhānusayo</span> catūsu diṭṭhigatasampayuttesu. <span class="bld">Vicikicchānusayo</span> vicikicchāsahagate. <span class="bld">Avijjānusayo</span> dvādasasu akusalacittesu sahajātavasena ārammaṇavasena ca. Tayopi avasesatebhūmakadhammesu ārammaṇavaseneva uppajjamānā diṭṭhivicikicchāmohā. Bhavarāgānusayo catūsu diṭṭhigatavippayuttesu uppajjamānopi sahajātavasena na vutto, ārammaṇavaseneva pana rūpārūpāvacaradhammesu uppajjamāno lobho vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para114"></a><span class="paranum">114</span>. Idāni yathāvuttānaṃ anusayānaṃ anusayanaṭṭhānaṃ dassento <span class="bld">yaṃ loke</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">yaṃ loke piyarūpa</span>nti <a name="P2.0401"></a> yaṃ imasmiṃ loke piyajātikaṃ piyasabhāvaṃ. <span class="bld">Sātarūpa</span>nti sātajātikaṃ <a name="V2.0009"></a> assādapadaṭṭhānaṃ iṭṭhārammaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Ettha sattānaṃ kāmarāgānusayo anusetī</span>ti etasmiṃ <a name="M2.0010"></a> iṭṭhārammaṇe sattānaṃ appahīnaṭṭhena kāmarāgānusayo anuseti. ‘‘Piyarūpaṃ sātarūpa’’nti ca idha kāmāvacaradhammoyeva adhippeto. Yathā nāma udake nimuggassa heṭṭhā ca upari ca samantā ca udakameva hoti, evameva iṭṭhārammaṇe rāguppatti nāma sattānaṃ āciṇṇasamāciṇṇā. Tathā aniṭṭhārammaṇe paṭighuppatti. <span class="bld">Iti imesu dvīsu dhammesū</span>ti evaṃ imesu dvīsu iṭṭhāniṭṭhārammaṇadhammesu. <span class="bld">Avijjānupatitā</span>ti kāmarāgapaṭighasampayuttā hutvā ārammaṇakaraṇavasena avijjā anupatitā anugatā. Vicchedaṃ katvāpi pāṭho. <span class="bld">Tadekaṭṭho</span>ti tāya avijjāya sahajekaṭṭhavasena ekato ṭhito. <span class="bld">Māno ca diṭṭhi ca vicikicchā cā</span>ti navavidhamāno, dvāsaṭṭhividhā diṭṭhi, aṭṭhavatthukā vicikicchā, tadekaṭṭho māno ca tadekaṭṭhā diṭṭhi ca tadekaṭṭhā vicikicchā cāti yojanā. <span class="bld">Daṭṭhabbā</span>ti passitabbā avagantabbā. Tayo ekato katvā bahuvacanaṃ kataṃ. Bhavarāgānusayo panettha kāmarāgānusayeneva saṅgahitoti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Caritaniddese terasa cetanā <span class="bld">puññābhisaṅkhāro</span>. Dvādasa <span class="bld">apuññābhisaṅkhāro</span>. Catasso <span class="bld">āneñjābhisaṅkhāro</span>. Tattha kāmāvacaro <span class="bld">parittabhūmako</span>. Itaro <span class="bld">mahābhūmako</span>. Tīsupi vā etesu yo koci appavipāko <span class="bld">parittabhūmako,</span> mahāvipāko <span class="bld">mahābhūmako</span>ti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para115"></a><span class="paranum">115</span>. Adhimuttiniddese <span class="bld">santī</span>ti saṃvijjanti. <span class="bld">Hīnādhimuttikā</span>ti lāmakajjhāsayā. <span class="bld">Paṇītādhimuttikā</span>ti kalyāṇajjhāsayā. <span class="bld">Sevantī</span>ti nissayanti allīyanti. <span class="bld">Bhajantī</span>ti upasaṅkamanti. <span class="bld">Payirupāsantī</span>ti punappunaṃ upasaṅkamanti. Sace hi ācariyupajjhāyā na sīlavanto honti, antevāsikasaddhivihārikā sīlavanto, te attano ācariyupajjhāyepi na upasaṅkamanti, attano sadise sāruppe bhikkhūyeva upasaṅkamanti. Sacepi ācariyupajjhāyā sāruppā bhikkhū, itare asāruppā, tepi na ācariyupajjhāye upasaṅkamanti, attano sadise <a name="P2.0402"></a> hīnādhimuttikeyeva upasaṅkamanti. Evaṃ upasaṅkamanaṃ pana na kevalaṃ etarahiyeva, atītānāgatepīti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">atītampi addhāna</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">atītampi addhāna</span>nti atītasmiṃ kāle, accantasaṃyogatthe vā upayogavacanaṃ. Sesaṃ <a name="M2.0011"></a> uttānatthameva. Idaṃ pana dussīlānaṃ dussīlasevanameva, sīlavantānaṃ sīlavantasevanameva, duppaññānaṃ duppaññasevanameva, paññavantānaṃ paññavantasevanameva ko niyametīti? Ajjhāsayadhātu niyametīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bhabbābhabbaniddese chaḍḍetabbe paṭhamaṃ niddisitvā gahetabbe pacchā niddisituṃ uddesassa uppaṭipāṭiyā paṭhamaṃ abhabbā niddiṭṭhā. Uddese pana dvandasamāse accitassa ca mandakkharassa ca <a name="V2.0010"></a> padassa pubbanipātalakkhaṇavasena bhabbasaddo pubbaṃ payutto. <span class="bld">Kammāvaraṇenā</span>ti pañcavidhena ānantariyakammena. <span class="bld">Samannāgatā</span>ti samaṅgībhūtā. <span class="bld">Kilesāvaraṇenā</span>ti niyatamicchādiṭṭhiyā. Imāni dve saggamaggānaṃ āvaraṇato āvaraṇāni. Bhikkhunīdūsakādīni kammānipi kammāvaraṇeneva saṅgahitāni. <span class="bld">Vipākāvaraṇenā</span>ti ahetukapaṭisandhiyā. Yasmā pana duhetukānampi ariyamaggapaṭivedho natthi, tasmā duhetukā paṭisandhipi vipākāvaraṇamevāti veditabbā, <span class="bld">assaddhā</span>ti buddhādīsu saddhārahitā. <span class="bld">Acchandikā</span>ti kattukamyatākusalacchandarahitā. Uttarakurukā manussā acchandikaṭṭhānaṃ paviṭṭhā. <span class="bld">Duppaññā</span>ti bhavaṅgapaññāya parihīnā. Bhavaṅgapaññāya pana paripuṇṇāyapi yassa bhavaṅgaṃ lokuttarassa pādakaṃ na hoti, sopi duppaññoyeva nāma. <span class="bld">Abhabbā niyāmaṃ okkamituṃ kusalesu dhammesu sammatta</span>nti kusalesu dhammesu sammattaniyāmasaṅkhātaṃ ariyamaggaṃ okkamituṃ abhabbā. Ariyamaggo hi sammā sabhāvoti sammattaṃ, soyeva anantaraphaladāne, sayameva vā acalabhāvato niyāmo, taṃ okkamituṃ pavisituṃ abhabbā. <span class="bld">Na kammāvaraṇenā</span>tiādīni vuttavipariyāyeneva veditabbānīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Āsayānusayañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">70. Yamakapāṭihīrañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para116"></a><span class="paranum">116</span>. Yamakapāṭihīrañāṇaniddese <a name="P2.0403"></a> <span class="bld">asādhāraṇaṃ sāvakehī</span>ti sesāsādhāraṇañāṇaniddese aññavacanehi okāsābhāvato na vuttaṃ, idha pana aññavacanābhāvato vuttanti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Uparimakāyato</span>ti nābhiyā uddhaṃ sarīrato. <span class="bld">Aggikkhandho pavattatī</span>ti tejokasiṇārammaṇaṃ pādakajjhānaṃ samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhāya ‘‘uparimakāyato aggijālā vuṭṭhātū’’ti āvajjitvā parikammaṃ katvā anantaraṃ abhiññāñāṇena ‘‘uparimakāyato <a name="M2.0012"></a> aggijālā vuṭṭhātū’’ti adhiṭṭhite saha adhiṭṭhānā uparimakāyato aggijālā vuṭṭhāti. Sā hi idha rāsaṭṭhena khandhoti vuttā. <span class="bld">Heṭṭhimakāyato</span>ti nābhito heṭṭhā sarīrato. <span class="bld">Udakadhārā pavattatī</span>ti āpokasiṇārammaṇaṃ pādakajjhānaṃ samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhāya ‘‘heṭṭhimakāyato udakadhārā vuṭṭhātū’’ti āvajjitvā parikammaṃ katvā anantaraṃ abhiññāñāṇena ‘‘heṭṭhimakāyato udakadhārā vuṭṭhātū’’ti adhiṭṭhite saha adhiṭṭhānā heṭṭhimakāyato udakadhārā vuṭṭhāti. Ubhayatthāpi abbocchedavasena pavattatīti vuttaṃ. Adhiṭṭhānassa āvajjanassa ca antare dve bhavaṅgacittāni vattanti. Tasmāyeva yugalā hutvā aggikkhandhaudakadhārā pavattanti, antaraṃ na paññāyati. Aññesaṃ pana bhavaṅgaparicchedo natthi<a name="V2.0011"></a>. <span class="bld">Puratthimakāyato</span>ti abhimukhapassato. <span class="bld">Pacchimakāyato</span>ti piṭṭhipassato. <span class="bld">Dakkhiṇaakkhito vāmaakkhito</span>tiādi samāsapāṭhoyeva, na añño. Dakkhiṇanāsikāsotato vāmanāsikāsotatoti pāṭho sundaro. Rassaṃ katvāpi paṭhanti. <span class="bld">Aṃsakūṭato</span>ti ettha abbhuggataṭṭhena kūṭo viyāti kūṭo, aṃsoyeva kūṭo aṃsakūṭo. <span class="bld">Aṅgulaṅgulehī</span>ti aṅgulīhi aṅgulīhi. <span class="bld">Aṅgulantarikāhī</span>ti aṅgulīnaṃ antarikāhi. <span class="bld">Ekekalomato aggikkhandho pavattati, ekekalomato udakadhārā pavattatī</span>ti ubhayatthāpi āmeḍitavacanena sabbalomānaṃ pariyādinnattā <a name="P2.0404"></a> ekekalomatova aggikkhandhaudakadhārā yugalā yugalā hutvā pavattantīti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Lomakūpato lomakūpato aggikkhandho pavattati, lomakūpato lomakūpato udakadhārā pavattatī</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo. Kesuci potthakesu ‘‘ekekalomato aggikkhandho pavattati. Lomakūpato lomakūpato udakadhārā pavattati, lomakūpato lomakūpato aggikkhandho pavattati, ekekalomato udakadhārā pavattatī’’ti likhitaṃ. Tampi yujjatiyeva. Pāṭihīrassa atisukhumattadīpanato pana purimapāṭhoyeva sundarataro.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni <span class="bld">channaṃ vaṇṇāna</span>nti ko sambandho? Heṭṭhā ‘‘uparimakāyato’’tiādīhi anekehi sarīrāvayavā vuttā. Tena sarīrāvayavasambandho pavattatīti vacanasambandhena ca yamakapāṭihīrādhikārena ca channaṃ vaṇṇānaṃ sarīrāvayavabhūtānaṃ <a name="M2.0013"></a> rasmiyo yamakā hutvā pavattantīti vuttaṃ hoti. Sāmivacanasambandhena ca avassaṃ ‘‘rasmiyo’’ti pāṭhaseso icchitabboyeva. <span class="bld">Nīlāna</span>nti umāpupphavaṇṇānaṃ. <span class="bld">Pītakāna</span>nti kaṇikārapupphavaṇṇānaṃ. <span class="bld">Lohitakāna</span>nti indagopakavaṇṇānaṃ. <span class="bld">Odātāna</span>nti osadhitārakavaṇṇānaṃ. <span class="bld">Mañjiṭṭhāna</span>nti mandarattavaṇṇānaṃ. <span class="bld">Pabhassarāna</span>nti pabhāsanapakatikānaṃ pabhassaravaṇṇānaṃ. Pabhassaravaṇṇe visuṃ avijjamānepi vuttesu pañcasu vaṇṇesu ye ye pabhā samujjalā, te te pabhassarā. Tathā hi tathāgatassa yamakapāṭihīraṃ karontassa yamakapāṭihīrañāṇabaleneva kesamassūnañceva akkhīnañca nīlaṭṭhānehi nīlarasmiyo nikkhamanti, yāsaṃ vasena gaganatalaṃ añjanacuṇṇasamokiṇṇaṃ viya umāpupphanīluppaladalasañchannaṃ viya vītipatantamaṇitālavaṇṭaṃ viya pasāritamecakapaṭaṃ viya ca hoti. Chavito ceva akkhīnañca pītakaṭṭhānehi pītarasmiyo nikkhamanti, yāsaṃ vasena disābhāgā suvaṇṇarasanisiñcamānā viya suvaṇṇapaṭapasāritā viya kuṅkumacuṇṇakaṇikārapupphasamparikiṇṇā viya ca virocanti. Maṃsalohitehi ceva akkhīnañca rattaṭṭhānehi lohitarasmiyo <a name="P2.0405"></a> nikkhamanti, yāsaṃ vasena disābhāgā cinapiṭṭhacuṇṇarañjitā viya supakkalākhārasanisiñcamānā viya rattakambalaparikkhittā viya jayasumanapālibhaddakabandhujīvakakusumasamparikiṇṇā viya ca virocanti. Aṭṭhīhi ceva dantehi ca <a name="V2.0012"></a> akkhīnañca setaṭṭhānehi odātarasmiyo nikkhamanti, yāsaṃ vasena disābhāgā rajatakuṭehi āsiñcamānakhīradhārāsamparikiṇṇā viya pasāritarajatapaṭṭavitānā viya vītipatantarajatatālavaṇṭā viya kundakumudasinduvārasumanamallikādikusumasañchannā viya ca virocanti. Hatthatalapādatalādīhi mandarattaṭṭhānehi mañjiṭṭharasmiyo nikkhamanti, yāsaṃ vasena disābhāgā pavāḷajālaparikkhittā viya rattakuravakakusumasamokiṇṇā viya ca virocanti. Uṇṇānakhādīhi pabhassaraṭṭhānehi pabhassararasmiyo nikkhamanti, yāsaṃ vasena disābhāgā osadhitārakapuñjapuṇṇā viya vijjupaṭalādiparipuṇṇā viya ca virocanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhagavā caṅkamatī</span>tiādi ‘‘bhagavato ca nimmitānañca nānāiriyāpathakaraṇaṃ yamakapāṭihīreneva hotī’’ti dassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Tesañhi nimmitānaṃ iriyāpathā yugalāva hutvā vattanti. Yadi nimmitā bahukā honti, ‘‘nimmito’’tiādi kasmā ekavacanaṃ katanti ce? Nimmitesupi ekekassa <a name="M2.0014"></a> nānāiriyāpathabhāvadassanatthaṃ. Bahuvacanena hi vutte sabbepi nimmitā sakiṃ ekekairiyāpathikā viya honti. Ekavacanena pana vutte nimmitesu ekeko nānāiriyāpathikoti ñāyati. Tasmā ekavacananiddeso kato. Cūḷapanthakattheropi tāva nānāiriyāpathikabhikkhūnaṃ sahassaṃ māpesi, kiṃ pana bhagavā yamakapāṭihīre bahū nimmite na karissati. Cūḷapanthakattheraṃ muñcitvā aññesaṃ sāvakānaṃ ekāvajjanena nānāiriyapathikānaṃ nānārūpānañca nimmānaṃ na ijjhati. Aniyametvā hi nimmitā iddhimatā sadisāva honti. Ṭhānanisajjādīsu vā bhāsitatuṇhībhāvādīsu vā yaṃ yaṃ iddhimā karoti, taṃ tadeva karonti, visadisakaraṇaṃ <a name="P2.0406"></a> nānākiriyākaraṇañca ‘‘ettakā īdisā hontu, ettakā imaṃ nāma karontū’’ti visuṃ visuṃ āvajjitvā adhiṭṭhānena ijjhati. Tathāgatassa pana ekāvajjanādhiṭṭhāneneva nānappakāranimmānaṃ ijjhati. Evameva aggikkhandhaudakadhārānimmāne ca nānāvaṇṇanimmāne ca veditabbaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">bhagavā caṅkamatī</span>ti ākāse vā pathaviyaṃ vā caṅkamati. <span class="bld">Nimmito</span>ti iddhiyā māpitabuddharūpaṃ. <span class="bld">Tiṭṭhati vā</span>tiādīnipi ākāse vā pathaviyaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Kappetī</span>ti karoti. <span class="bld">Bhagavā tiṭṭhatī</span>tiādīsupi eseva nayoti.</p>
<p class="centered">Yamakapāṭihīrañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">71. Mahākaruṇāñāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para117"></a><span class="paranum">117</span>. Mahākaruṇāñāṇaniddese <a name="V2.0013"></a><a name="P2.0407"></a> <span class="bld">bahukehi ākārehī</span>ti idāni vuccamānehi ekūnanavutiyā pakārehi. <span class="bld">Passantāna</span>nti ñāṇacakkhunā ca buddhacakkhunā ca olokentānaṃ. <span class="bld">Okkamatī</span>ti otarati pavisati. <span class="bld">Āditto</span>ti dukkhalakkhaṇavasena pīḷāyogato santāpanaṭṭhena ādīpito. ‘‘Yadaniccaṃ, taṃ dukkha’’nti (saṃ. ni. 3.15) vuttattā sabbasaṅkhatassa ceva dukkhalakkhaṇavasena pīḷitattā dukkhassa ca karuṇāya mūlabhūtattā paṭhamaṃ dukkhalakkhaṇavasena ‘‘āditto’’ti vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Rāgādīhi ādittataṃ pana upari vakkhati. Atha vā <span class="bld">āditto</span>ti rāgādīhiyeva āditto. Upari pana ‘‘tassa natthañño koci nibbāpetā’’ti atthāpekkhanavasena puna vuttanti veditabbaṃ<a name="M2.0015"></a>. <span class="bld">Lokasannivāso</span>ti pañcakkhandhā lujjanapalujjanaṭṭhena loko, taṇhādiṭṭhivasena sannivasanti ettha sattāti sannivāso, lokova sannivāso lokasannivāso. Dukkhitaṃ khandhasantānaṃ upādāya sattavohārasabbhāvato lokasannivāsayogato sattasamūhopi lokasannivāso. Sopi ca sahakhandhakoyeva. <span class="bld">Uyyutto</span>ti anekesu kiccesu niccabyāpāratāya katayogo kataussāho, satatakiccesu saussukkoti attho. Ghaṭṭanayuttoti vā uyyutto. <span class="bld">Payāto</span>ti pabbateyyā nadī viya anavaṭṭhitagamanena maraṇāya yātuṃ āraddho. <span class="bld">Kummaggappaṭipanno</span>ti <a name="P2.0408"></a> kucchitaṃ micchāmaggaṃ paṭipanno. Upari pana ‘‘vipathapakkhando’’ti nānāpadehi visesetvā vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upanīyatī</span>ti jarāvasena maraṇāya upanīyati harīyati. Jarā hi ‘‘āyuno saṃhānī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 2.2) vuttā. <span class="bld">Addhuvo</span>ti na thiro, sadā tatheva na hoti. Yasmā addhuvo, tasmā upanīyatīti purimassa kāraṇavacanametaṃ. Etena sakāraṇaṃ jarādukkhaṃ vuttaṃ. Taṃ jarādukkhaṃ disvā jarāpārijuññarahitāpi viññū pabbajanti. <span class="bld">Atāṇo</span>ti tāyituṃ rakkhituṃ samatthena rahito, anārakkhoti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Anabhissaro</span>ti abhisaritvā abhigantvā byāharaṇena assāsetuṃ samatthena rahito, asahāyoti vā attho. Yasmā anabhissaro, tasmā atāṇoti purimassa kāraṇavacanametaṃ. Etena sakāraṇaṃ piyavippayogadukkhaṃ vuttaṃ. Taṃ piyavippayogadukkhaṃ disvā ñātipārijuññarahitāpi viññū pabbajanti. <span class="bld">Assako</span>ti sakabhaṇḍarahito. <span class="bld">Sabbaṃ pahāya gamanīya</span>nti sakabhaṇḍanti sallakkhitaṃ sabbaṃ pahāya lokena gantabbaṃ. Yasmā sabbaṃ pahāya gamanīyaṃ, tasmā assakoti purimassa kāraṇavacanametaṃ. Etena sakāraṇaṃ maraṇadukkhaṃ vuttaṃ. Taṃ disvā bhogapārijuññarahitāpi viññū pabbajanti. Aññattha ‘‘kammassakā <a name="V2.0014"></a> māṇavasattā’’ti (ma. ni. 3.289) vuttaṃ, idha ca raṭṭhapālasutte ca ‘‘assako loko’’ti (ma. ni. 2.305) vuttaṃ, taṃ kathaṃ yujjatīti ce? Pahāya gamanīyaṃ sandhāya ‘‘assako’’ti vuttaṃ, kammaṃ pana na pahāya gamanīyaṃ. Tasmā ‘‘kammassakā’’ti vuttaṃ. Raṭṭhapālasutteyeva ca evametaṃ vuttaṃ ‘‘tvaṃ pana yathākammaṃ gamissasī’’ti (ma. ni. 2.306). <span class="bld">Ūno</span>ti pāripūrirahito. <span class="bld">Atitto</span>ti bhiyyo bhiyyo patthanāyapi na suhito<a name="M2.0016"></a>. Idaṃ ūnabhāvassa kāraṇavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Taṇhādāso</span>ti taṇhāya vase vattanato taṇhāya dāsabhūto. Idaṃ atittabhāvassa kāraṇavacanaṃ. Etena icchārogāpadesena <a name="P2.0409"></a> sakāraṇaṃ byādhidukkhaṃ vuttaṃ. Taṃ byādhidukkhaṃ disvā byādhipārijuññarahitāpi viññū pabbajanti. <span class="bld">Atāyano</span>ti puttādīhipi tāyanassa abhāvato atāyano anārakkho, alabbhaneyyakhemo vā. <span class="bld">Aleṇo</span>ti allīyituṃ nissituṃ anaraho allīnānampi ca leṇakiccākārako. <span class="bld">Asaraṇo</span>ti nissitānaṃ na bhayasārako na bhayavināsako. <span class="bld">Asaraṇībhūto</span>ti pure uppattiyā attano abhāveneva asaraṇo, uppattisamakālameva asaraṇībhūtoti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uddhato</span>ti sabbākusalesu uddhaccassa uppajjanato sattasantāne ca akusaluppattibāhullato akusalasamaṅgīloko tena uddhaccena uddhato. <span class="bld">Avūpasanto</span>ti avūpasamanalakkhaṇassa uddhaccasseva yogena avūpasanto bhantamigapaṭibhāgo. ‘‘Upanīyati loko’’tiādīsu catūsu ca ‘‘uddhato loko’’ti ca pañcasu ṭhānesu lokoti āgataṃ, sesesu lokasannivāsoti. Ubhayathāpi lokoyeva. <span class="bld">Sasallo</span>ti pīḷājanakatāya antotudanatāya dunnīharaṇīyatāya ca sallāti saṅkhaṃ gatehi rāgādīhi sallehi sahavattanako. <span class="bld">Viddho</span>ti migādayo kadāci parehi viddhā honti, ayaṃ pana loko niccaṃ attanāva viddho. <span class="bld">Puthusallehī</span>ti ‘‘satta sallāni – rāgasallaṃ, dosasallaṃ, mohasallaṃ, mānasallaṃ, diṭṭhisallaṃ, kilesasallaṃ, duccaritasalla’’nti (mahāni. 174) vuttehi sattahi sallehi. <span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti tassa lokasannivāsassa. <span class="bld">Sallānaṃ uddhatā</span>ti tesaṃ sallānaṃ sattasantānato uddharitā puggalo. <span class="bld">Aññatra mayā</span>ti maṃ ṭhapetvā. Yepi bhagavato sāvakā sallāni uddharanti, tesaṃ bhagavato vacaneneva uddharaṇato bhagavāva uddharati nāma. <span class="bld">Avijjandhakārāvaraṇo</span>ti avijjā eva sabhāvadassanacchādanena andhaṃ viya karotīti avijjandhakāro, sova sabhāvāvagamananivāraṇena āvaraṇaṃ etassāti avijjandhakārāvaraṇo. <span class="bld">Kilesapañjarapakkhitto</span>ti kilesā eva kusalagamanasannirujjhanaṭṭhena pañjaroti kilesapañjaro, avijjāpabhave <a name="P2.0410"></a> kilesapañjare pakkhitto pātito. <span class="bld">Ālokaṃ dassetā</span>ti paññālokaṃ <a name="M2.0017"></a> dassanasīlo, paññālokassa dassetāti vā attho. <span class="bld">Avijjāgato</span>ti avijjaṃ gato paviṭṭho. Na kevalaṃ avijjāya āvaraṇamattameva, atha kho gahanagato viya avijjākosassa anto paviṭṭhoti <a name="V2.0015"></a> purimato viseso. <span class="bld">Aṇḍabhūto</span>tiādayo ca visesāyeva. <span class="bld">Aṇḍabhūto</span>ti aṇḍe bhūto nibbatto. Yathā hi aṇḍe nibbattā ekacce sattā ‘‘aṇḍabhūtā’’ti vuccanti, evamayaṃ loko avijjaṇḍakose nibbattattā ‘‘aṇḍabhūto’’ti vuccati. <span class="bld">Pariyonaddho</span>ti tena avijjaṇḍakosena samantato onaddho baddho veṭhito.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tantākulakajāto</span>ti tantaṃ viya ākulabhūto. Yathā nāma dunnikkhittaṃ mūsikacchinnaṃ pesakārānaṃ tantaṃ tahiṃ tahiṃ ākulaṃ hoti, idaṃ aggaṃ idaṃ mūlanti aggena vā aggaṃ, mūlena vā mūlaṃ samānetuṃ dukkaraṃ hoti, evameva sattā paccayākāre khalitā ākulā byākulā honti, na sakkonti paccayākāraṃ ujuṃ kātuṃ. Tattha tantaṃ paccattapurisakāre ṭhatvā sakkāpi bhaveyya ujuṃ kātuṃ, ṭhapetvā pana dve bodhisatte añño satto attano dhammatāya paccayākāraṃ ujuṃ kātuṃ samattho nāma natthi. Yathā pana ākulaṃ tantaṃ kañjikaṃ datvā kocchena pahaṭaṃ tattha tattha kulakajātaṃ hoti gaṇṭhibaddhaṃ, evamayaṃ loko paccayesu pakkhalitvā paccaye ujuṃ kātuṃ asakkonto dvāsaṭṭhidiṭṭhigatavasena kulakajāto hoti gaṇṭhibaddho. Ye hi keci diṭṭhiyo nissitā, sabbe te paccayaṃ ujuṃ kātuṃ na sakkontiyeva. <span class="bld">Kulāgaṇṭhikajāto</span>ti kulāgaṇṭhikaṃ viya bhūto. Kulāgaṇṭhikaṃ vuccati pesakārakañjikasuttaṃ. ‘‘Kulā nāma sakuṇikā, tassā kulāvako’’tipi eke. Yathā tadubhayampi ākulaṃ aggena vā aggaṃ, mūlena vā mūlaṃ samānetuṃ dukkaranti purimanayeneva yojetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Muñjapabbajabhūto</span>ti muñjatiṇaṃ viya pabbajatiṇaṃ viya ca bhūto muñjatiṇapabbajatiṇasadiso jāto. Yathā tāni tiṇāni koṭṭetvā koṭṭetvā katarajju jiṇṇakāle katthaci patitaṃ gahetvā tesaṃ tiṇānaṃ ‘‘idaṃ aggaṃ idaṃ mūla’’nti aggena vā aggaṃ, mūlena vā mūlaṃ samānetuṃ dukkaraṃ, tampi paccattapurisakāre <a name="P2.0411"></a> ṭhatvā sakkā bhaveyya ujuṃ <a name="M2.0018"></a> kātuṃ, ṭhapetvā pana dve bodhisatte añño satto attano dhammatāya paccayākāraṃ ujuṃ kātuṃ samattho nāma natthi. Evamayaṃ loko paccayākāraṃ ujuṃ kātuṃ asakkonto dvāsaṭṭhidiṭṭhigatavasena gaṇṭhijāto hutvā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ saṃsāraṃ nātivattati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">apāyo</span>ti nirayo tiracchānayoni pettivisayo asurakāyo. Sabbepi hi te vaḍḍhisaṅkhātassa āyassa abhāvato ‘‘apāyo’’ti vuccanti. Tathā dukkhassa gatibhāvato <span class="bld">duggati</span>. Sukhasamussayato vinipatitattā <span class="bld">vinipāto</span>. Itaro pana –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Khandhānañca <a name="V2.0016"></a> paṭipāṭi, dhātuāyatanāna ca;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Abbocchinnaṃ vattamānā, saṃsāroti pavuccati’’.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Taṃ sabbampi nātivattati nātikkamati. Atha kho cutito paṭisandhiṃ, paṭisandhito cutinti evaṃ punappunaṃ cutipaṭisandhiyo gaṇhamāno tīsu bhavesu catūsu yonīsu pañcasu gatīsu sattasu viññāṇaṭṭhitīsu navasu sattāvāsesu mahāsamudde vātukkhittanāvā viya yantagoṇo viya ca paribbhamatiyeva. <span class="bld">Avijjāvisadosasallitto</span>ti avijjāyeva akusaluppādanena kusalajīvitanāsanato visanti avijjāvisaṃ, tadeva santānadūsanato avijjāvisadoso, tena anusayapariyuṭṭhānaduccaritabhūtena bhusaṃ litto makkhitoti avijjāvisadosasallitto. <span class="bld">Kilesakalalībhūto</span>ti avijjādimūlakā kilesā eva osīdanaṭṭhena kalalaṃ kaddamoti kilesakalalaṃ, tadassa atthīti kilesakalalī, evaṃbhūto. <span class="bld">Rāgadosamohajaṭājaṭito</span>ti lobhapaṭighāvijjāsaṅkhātā rāgadosamohā eva rūpādīsu ārammaṇesu heṭṭhupariyavasena punappunaṃ uppajjanato saṃsibbanaṭṭhena veḷugumbādīnaṃ sākhājālasaṅkhātā jaṭā viyāti jaṭā, tāya rāgadosamohajaṭāya jaṭito. Yathā nāma veḷujaṭādīhi veḷuādayo, evaṃ tāya jaṭāya ayaṃ loko jaṭito vinaddho saṃsibbitoti attho. <span class="bld">Jaṭaṃ vijaṭetā</span>ti imaṃ evaṃ tedhātukaṃ <a name="P2.0412"></a> lokaṃ jaṭetvā ṭhitaṃ jaṭaṃ vijaṭetā saṃchinditā sampadālayitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Taṇhāsaṅghāṭapaṭimukko</span>ti taṇhā eva abbocchinnaṃ pavattito saṅghaṭitaṭṭhena saṅghāṭoti taṇhāsaṅghāṭo, tasmiṃ taṇhāsaṅghāṭe paṭimukko anupaviṭṭho antogatoti taṇhāsaṅghāṭapaṭimukko. <span class="bld">Taṇhājālena otthaṭo</span>ti <a name="M2.0019"></a> taṇhā eva pubbe vuttanayena saṃsibbanaṭṭhena jālanti taṇhājālaṃ, tena taṇhājālena otthaṭo samantato chādito paliveṭhito. <span class="bld">Taṇhāsotena vuyhatī</span>ti taṇhā eva saṃsāre ākaḍḍhanaṭṭhena sototi taṇhāsoto, tena taṇhāsotena vuyhati ākaḍḍhīyati. <span class="bld">Taṇhāsaññojanena saññutto</span>ti taṇhā eva lokaṃ vaṭṭasmiṃ saṃyojanato bandhanato saṃyojananti taṇhāsaṃyojanaṃ, tena taṇhāsaṃyojanena saññutto baddho. <span class="bld">Taṇhānusayena anusaṭo</span>ti taṇhā eva anusayanaṭṭhena anusayoti taṇhānusayo, tena taṇhānusayena anusaṭo anugato thāmagato. <span class="bld">Taṇhāsantāpena santappatī</span>ti taṇhā eva pavattikāle phalakāle ca lokaṃ santāpetīti santāpo, tena taṇhāsantāpena santappati santāpīyati. <span class="bld">Taṇhāpariḷāhena pariḍayhatī</span>ti taṇhā eva balavabhūtā pavattikāle phalakāle ca samantato dahanaṭṭhena mahāpariḷāhoti taṇhāpariḷāho, tena taṇhāpariḷāhena pariḍayhati samantato ḍahīyati. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhisaṅghāṭā</span>dayo imināva nayena yojetabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anugato</span>ti <a name="V2.0017"></a> anupaviṭṭho. <span class="bld">Anusaṭo</span>ti anudhāvito. <span class="bld">Abhibhūto</span>ti pīḷito. <span class="bld">Abbhāhato</span>ti abhiāhato abhimukhaṃ bhusaṃ pahato. <span class="bld">Dukkhe patiṭṭhito</span>ti dukkhe khandhapañcake sukhavipallāsena patiṭṭhito abhiniviṭṭho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Taṇhāya uḍḍito</span>ti taṇhāya ullaṅghito. Cakkhu hi taṇhārajjunā āvunitvā rūpanāgadante uḍḍitaṃ, sotādīni taṇhārajjunā āvunitvā saddādināgadantesu uḍḍitāni. Taṃsamaṅgīlokopi uḍḍitoyeva nāma. <span class="bld">Jarāpākāraparikkhitto</span>ti anatikkamanīyaṭṭhena pākārabhūtāya jarāya parivārito. <span class="bld">Maccupāsena parikkhitto</span>ti dummocanīyaṭṭhena pāsabhūtena maraṇena baddho. <span class="bld">Mahābandhanabaddho</span>ti daḷhattā ducchedattā ca mahantehi bandhanehi baddho. <span class="bld">Rāgabandhanenā</span>ti rāgo eva bandhati saṃsārato calituṃ na detīti rāgabandhanaṃ. Tena rāgabandhanena. Sesesupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Kilesabandhanenā</span>ti vuttāvasesena <a name="P2.0413"></a> kilesabandhanena. <span class="bld">Duccaritabandhanenā</span>ti tividhena. Sucaritaṃ pana bandhanamokkhassa hetubhūtaṃ bandhanamokkhabhūtañca atthi. Tasmā taṃ na gahetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bandhanaṃ</span> <a name="M2.0020"></a> <span class="bld">mocetā</span>ti tassa bandhanaṃ mocetā. Bandhanā mocetātipi pāṭho, bandhanato taṃ mocetāti attho. <span class="bld">Mahāsambādhappaṭipanno</span>ti kusalasañcārapīḷanena mahāsambādhasaṅkhātaṃ rāgadosamohamānadiṭṭhikilesaduccaritagahanaṃ paṭipanno. <span class="bld">Okāsaṃ dassetā</span>ti lokiyalokuttarasamādhipaññāokāsaṃ dassetā. <span class="bld">Mahāpalibodhena palibuddho</span>ti mahānivāraṇena nivuto. Mahālepena vā litto. <span class="bld">Palibodho</span>ti ca rāgādisattavidho eva. ‘‘Taṇhādiṭṭhipalibodho’’ti eke. <span class="bld">Palibodhaṃ chetā</span>ti taṃ palibodhaṃ chinditā. <span class="bld">Mahāpapāte</span>ti pañcagatipapāte, jātijarāmaraṇapapāte vā. Taṃ sabbampi duruttaraṇaṭṭhena papāto. <span class="bld">Papātā uddhatā</span>ti tamhā papātato uddharitā. <span class="bld">Mahākantārappaṭipanno</span>ti jātijarābyādhimaraṇasokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsakantāraṃ paṭipanno. Sabbampi taṃ duratikkamanaṭṭhena kantāro, taṃ <span class="bld">kantāraṃ tāretā</span>. Kantārā tāretāti vā pāṭho. <span class="bld">Mahāsaṃsārappaṭipanno</span>ti abbocchinnaṃ khandhasantānaṃ paṭipanno. <span class="bld">Saṃsārā mocetā</span>ti saṃsārato mocetā. Saṃsāraṃ mocetāti vā pāṭho. <span class="bld">Mahāvidugge</span>ti saṃsāravidugge. Saṃsāroyeva hi duggamanaṭṭhena viduggo. <span class="bld">Samparivattatī</span>ti bhusaṃ nivattitvā carati. <span class="bld">Mahāpalipe</span>ti mahante kāmakaddame. Kāmo hi osīdanaṭṭhena palipo. <span class="bld">Palipanno</span>ti laggo. Mahāpalipapalipannotipi pāṭho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Abbhāhato</span>ti sabbopaddavehi abbhāhato. <span class="bld">Rāgagginā</span>ti rāgādayoyeva anudahanaṭṭhena aggi, tena rāgagginā. Sesesupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Unnītako</span>ti uggahetvā nīto, jātiyā uggahetvā jarādiupaddavāya nītoti attho. Ka-kāro panettha anukampāya daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Haññati niccamatāṇo</span>ti <a name="V2.0018"></a> parittāyakena rahito satataṃ pīḷīyati. <span class="bld">Pattadaṇḍo</span>ti rājādīhi laddhaāṇo. <span class="bld">Takkaro</span>ti coro. <span class="bld">Vajjabandhanabaddho</span>ti <a name="P2.0414"></a> rāgādivajjabandhanehi baddho. <span class="bld">Āghātanapaccupaṭṭhito</span>ti maraṇadhammagaṇṭhikaṭṭhānaṃ upecca ṭhito. <span class="bld">Koci bandhanā mocetā</span>. Koci bandhanaṃ mocetātipi pāṭho. <span class="bld">Anātho</span>ti natthi etassa nātho issaro, sayaṃ vā na nātho na issaroti anātho, asaraṇoti vā attho. <span class="bld">Paramakāpaññappatto</span>ti jarādipaṭibāhane appahutāya atīva kapaṇabhāvaṃ patto. <span class="bld">Tāyetā</span>ti rakkhitā. Tāyitāti vā pāṭho sundaro<a name="M2.0021"></a>. <span class="bld">Dukkhābhitunno</span>ti jātidukkhādīhi anekehi dukkhehi abhitunno atibyādhito atikampito ca. <span class="bld">Cirarattaṃ pīḷito</span>ti dukkheheva dīghamaddhānaṃ pīḷito ghaṭṭito. <span class="bld">Gadhito</span>ti gedhena giddho, abhijjhākāyaganthena vā ganthito. <span class="bld">Niccaṃ pipāsito</span>ti pātuṃ bhuñjituṃ icchā pipāsā, sā taṇhā eva, taṇhāpipāsāya nirantaraṃ pipāsito.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Andho</span>ti dassanaṭṭhena cakkhūti saṅkhaṃ gatāya paññāya abhāvato kāṇo. Paññā hi dhammasabhāvaṃ passati. <span class="bld">Acakkhuko</span>ti taṃ pana andhattaṃ na pacchā sambhūtaṃ, pakatiyā eva avijjamānacakkhukoti tameva andhattaṃ viseseti. <span class="bld">Hatanetto</span>ti nayanaṭṭhena nettanti saṅkhaṃ gatāya paññāya abhāvatoyeva vinaṭṭhanettako. Samavisamaṃ dassentaṃ attabhāvaṃ netīti nettanti hi vuttaṃ. Paññāya sugatiñca agatiñca nayati. Hatanettattāyevassa netuabhāvaṃ dassento <span class="bld">apariṇāyako</span>ti āha, avijjamānanettakoti attho. Aññopissa netā na vijjatīti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Vipathapakkhando</span>ti viparīto, visamo vā patho vipatho, taṃ vipathaṃ pakkhando paviṭṭho paṭipannoti vipathapakkhando, micchāpathasaṅkhātaṃ micchādiṭṭhiṃ paṭipannoti attho. <span class="bld">Añjasāparaddho</span>ti añjase ujumaggasmiṃ majjhimapaṭipadāya aparaddho viraddho. <span class="bld">Ariyapathaṃ ānetā</span>ti ariyaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ upanetā paṭipādayitā. <span class="bld">Mahoghapakkhando</span>ti yassa saṃvijjanti, taṃ vaṭṭasmiṃ ohananti osīdāpentīti oghā, pakatioghato mahantā oghāti mahoghā. Te kāmogho bhavogho diṭṭhogho avijjoghoti catuppabhedā. Te mahoghe pakkhando paviṭṭhoti mahoghapakkhando, saṃsārasaṅkhātaṃ mahoghaṃ vā pakkhandoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para118"></a><span class="paranum">118</span>. Idāni <a name="P2.0415"></a> ekuttarikanayo. Tattha <span class="bld">dvīhi diṭṭhigatehī</span>ti sassatucchedadiṭṭhīhi. Tattha diṭṭhiyeva diṭṭhigataṃ ‘‘gūthagataṃ muttagata’’ntiādīni (a. ni. 9.11) viya. Gantabbābhāvato vā diṭṭhiyā gatamattamevetanti diṭṭhigataṃ, diṭṭhīsu gataṃ idaṃ dassanaṃ dvāsaṭṭhidiṭṭhiantogadhattātipi diṭṭhigataṃ. Dvāsaṭṭhitesaṭṭhidiṭṭhiyopi hi sassatadiṭṭhi ucchedadiṭṭhīti dveva diṭṭhiyo honti. Tasmā saṅkhepena sabbā diṭṭhiyo anto karonto ‘‘dvīhi diṭṭhigatehī’’ti vuttaṃ<a name="V2.0019"></a>. <span class="bld">Pariyuṭṭhito</span>ti pariyuṭṭhānaṃ patto samudācāraṃ patto, uppajjituṃ appadānena kusalacārassa gahaṇaṃ <a name="M2.0022"></a> pattoti attho. Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā – ‘‘dvīhi, bhikkhave, diṭṭhigatehi pariyuṭṭhitā devamanussā olīyanti eke, atidhāvanti eke, cakkhumanto ca passantī’’tiādi (itivu. 49).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tīhi duccaritehī</span>ti tividhakāyaduccaritena catubbidhavacīduccaritena tividhamanoduccaritena. <span class="bld">Vippaṭipanno</span>ti virūpaṃ paṭipanno, micchāpaṭipannoti attho. <span class="bld">Yogehi yutto</span>ti vaṭṭasmiṃ yojentīti yogā, ītiatthena vā yogā, tehi yogehi yutto samappito. <span class="bld">Catuyogayojito</span>ti kāmayogo, bhavayogo, diṭṭhiyogo, avijjāyogoti imehi catūhi yogehi sakaṭasmiṃ yogo viya vaṭṭasmiṃ yojito. Pañcakāmaguṇiko rāgo kāmayogo. Rūpārūpabhavesu chandarāgo, jhānanikanti ca, sassatadiṭṭhisahajāto rāgo bhavavasena patthanā bhavayogo. Dvāsaṭṭhi diṭṭhiyo diṭṭhiyogo. Aṭṭhasu ṭhānesu aññāṇaṃ avijjāyogo. Te eva cattāro balavabhūtā oghā, dubbalabhūtā yogā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Catūhi ganthehī</span>ti yassa saṃvijjanti, taṃ cutipaṭisandhivasena vaṭṭasmiṃ ganthenti ghaṭentīti ganthā. Te abhijjhā kāyagantho, byāpādo kāyagantho, sīlabbataparāmāso kāyagantho, idaṃsaccābhiniveso kāyaganthoti catuppabhedā. Abhijjhāyanti etāya, sayaṃ vā abhijjhāyati, abhijjhāyanamattameva vā esāti abhijjhā, lobhoyeva. Nāmakāyaṃ gantheti cutipaṭisandhivasena vaṭṭasmiṃ ghaṭetīti kāyagantho. Byāpajjati tena cittaṃ pūtibhāvaṃ gacchati, byāpādayati vā vinayācārarūpasampattihitasukhādīnīti byāpādo. Ito bahiddhā samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ sīlena suddhi vatena suddhi sīlavatena suddhīti parāmasanaṃ sīlabbataparāmāso. Sabbaññubhāsitampi paṭikkhipitvā ‘‘sassato loko<a name="P2.0416"></a>, idameva saccaṃ moghamañña’’ntiādinā ākārena abhinivisatīti idaṃsaccābhiniveso. Tehi catūhi ganthehi ganthito, baddhoti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Catūhi upādānehī</span>ti bhusaṃ ādiyanti daḷhaggāhaṃ gaṇhantīti upādānā. Te kāmupādānaṃ diṭṭhupādānaṃ sīlabbatupādānaṃ attavādupādānanti catuppabhedā. Vatthusaṅkhātaṃ kāmaṃ upādiyatīti kāmupādānaṃ, kāmo ca so upādānañcātipi <a name="M2.0023"></a> kāmupādānaṃ. Diṭṭhi ca sā upādānañcāti diṭṭhupādānaṃ, diṭṭhiṃ upādiyatītipi diṭṭhupādānaṃ. ‘‘Sassato attā ca loko cā’’tiādīsu (paṭi. ma. 1.147) hi purimadiṭṭhiṃ uttaradiṭṭhi upādiyati. Sīlabbataṃ upādiyatīti sīlabbatupādānaṃ, sīlabbatañca taṃ upādānañcātipi sīlabbatupādānaṃ. Gosīlagovatādīni <a name="V2.0020"></a> hi evaṃ visuddhīti abhinivesato sayameva upādānāni. Vadanti etenāti vādo, upādiyanti etenāti upādānaṃ. Kiṃ vadanti, upādiyanti vā? Attānaṃ. Attano vādupādānaṃ attavādupādānaṃ, attavādamattameva vā attāti upādiyanti etenāti attavādupādānaṃ. Ṭhapetvā imā dve diṭṭhiyo sabbāpi diṭṭhī diṭṭhupādānaṃ. Tehi catūhi upādānehi. <span class="bld">Upādīyatī</span>ti bhusaṃ gaṇhīyati. Upādiyatīti vā pāṭho, loko upādānehi taṃ taṃ ārammaṇaṃ bhusaṃ gaṇhātīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pañcagatisamāruḷho</span>ti sukatadukkaṭakāraṇehi gammati upasaṅkamīyatīti gati, sahokāsakā khandhā. Nirayo tiracchānayoni pettivisayo manussā devāti imā pañca gatiyo vokkamanabhāvena bhusaṃ āruḷho. <span class="bld">Pañcahi kāmaguṇehī</span>ti rūpasaddagandharasaphoṭṭhabbasaṅkhātehi pañcahi vatthukāmakoṭṭhāsehi. <span class="bld">Rajjatī</span>ti ayonisomanasikāraṃ paṭicca rāguppādanena tehi rañjīyati, sāratto karīyatīti attho. <span class="bld">Pañcahi nīvaraṇehī</span>ti cittaṃ nīvaranti pariyonandhantīti nīvaraṇā. Kāmacchandabyāpādathinamiddhauddhaccakukkuccavicikicchāsaṅkhātehi pañcahi nīvaraṇehi. <span class="bld">Otthaṭo</span>ti uparito pihito.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Chahi vivādamūlehī</span>ti chahi vivādassa mūlehi. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Chayimāni, bhikkhave, vivādamūlāni. Katamāni cha? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kodhano hoti upanāhī. Yo so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kodhano <a name="P2.0417"></a> hoti upanāhī. So sattharipi agāravo viharati appatisso, dhammepi, saṅghepi, sikkhāyapi na paripūrakārī. Yo so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu satthari agāravo viharati appatisso, dhammepi, saṅghepi, sikkhāyapi na paripūrakārī, so saṅghe vivādaṃ janeti. Yo hoti vivādo bahujanāhitāya bahujanāsukhāya bahuno janassa anatthāya <a name="M2.0024"></a> ahitāya dukkhāya devamanussānaṃ. Evarūpaṃ ce tumhe, bhikkhave, vivādamūlaṃ ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā samanupasseyyātha, tatra tumhe, bhikkhave, tasseva pāpakassa vivādamūlassa pahānāya vāyameyyātha. Evarūpaṃ ce tumhe, bhikkhave, vivādamūlaṃ ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā na samanupasseyyātha. Tatra tumhe, bhikkhave, tasseva pāpakassa vivādamūlassa āyatiṃ anavassavāya paṭipajjeyyātha. Evametassa pāpakassa vivādamūlassa pahānaṃ hoti. Evametassa pāpakassa vivādamūlassa āyatiṃ anavassavo hoti.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Puna <a name="V2.0021"></a> caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu makkhī hoti paḷāsī. Issukī hoti maccharī. Saṭho hoti māyāvī. Pāpiccho hoti micchādiṭṭhi. Sandiṭṭhiparāmāsī hoti ādhānaggāhī duppaṭinissaggī. Yo so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sandiṭṭhiparāmāsī hoti ādhānaggāhī duppaṭinissaggī, so sattharipi…pe… āyatiṃ anavassavo hotī’’ti (pari. 272; a. ni. 6.36).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">kodhano</span>ti kujjhanalakkhaṇena kodhena samannāgato. <span class="bld">Upanāhī</span>ti veraappaṭinissajjanalakkhaṇena upanāhena samannāgato. <span class="bld">Ahitāya dukkhāya devamanussāna</span>nti dvinnaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ vivādo kathaṃ devamanussānaṃ ahitāya dukkhāya saṃvattatīti? Kosambakakkhandhake (mahāva. 451 ādayo) viya dvīsu bhikkhūsu vivādaṃ āpannesu tasmiṃ vihāre tesaṃ antevāsikā vivadanti, tesaṃ ovādaṃ gaṇhanto bhikkhunisaṅgho vivadati, tato tesaṃ upaṭṭhākāpi vivadanti. Atha manussānaṃ ārakkhadevatā dve koṭṭhāsā honti. Dhammavādīnaṃ ārakkhadevatā dhammavādiniyo honti adhammavādīnaṃ adhammavādiniyo. Tato ārakkhadevatānaṃ mittā bhummaṭṭhadevatā bhijjanti. Evaṃ paramparāya yāva brahmalokā ṭhapetvā ariyasāvake sabbe devamanussā dve koṭṭhāsā honti. Dhammavādīhi pana adhammavādinova <a name="P2.0418"></a> bahutarā honti. Tato yaṃ bahukehi gahitaṃ, sabbaṃ taṃ saccanti dhammaṃ vissajjetvā bahutarāva adhammaṃ gaṇhanti. Te adhammaṃ purakkhatvā viharantā apāyesu nibbattanti. Evaṃ dvinnaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ vivādo devamanussānaṃ ahitāya dukkhāya hoti. <span class="bld">Ajjhattaṃ vā</span>ti <a name="M2.0025"></a> tumhākaṃ abbhantaraparisāya vā. <span class="bld">Bahiddhā vā</span>ti paresaṃ parisāya vā. <span class="bld">Makkhī</span>ti paresaṃ guṇamakkhaṇalakkhaṇena makkhena samannāgato. <span class="bld">Paḷāsī</span>ti yugaggāhalakkhaṇena paḷāsena samannāgato. <span class="bld">Issukī</span>ti paresaṃ sakkārādiissāyanalakkhaṇāya issāya samannāgato. <span class="bld">Maccharī</span>ti āvāsamacchariyādīhi pañcahi macchariyehi samannāgato. <span class="bld">Saṭho</span>ti kerāṭiko. <span class="bld">Māyāvī</span>ti katapāpapaṭicchādako. <span class="bld">Pāpiccho</span>ti asantasambhāvanicchako dussīlo. <span class="bld">Micchādiṭṭhī</span>ti natthikavādī ahetukavādī akiriyavādī. <span class="bld">Sandiṭṭhiparāmāsī</span>ti sayaṃ diṭṭhimeva parāmasati. <span class="bld">Ādhānaggāhī</span>ti daḷhaggāhī. <span class="bld">Duppaṭinissaggī</span>ti na sakkā hoti gahitaṃ vissajjāpetuṃ. Khuddakavatthuvibhaṅge pana ‘‘tattha katamāni cha vivādamūlāni? Kodho makkho issā sāṭheyyaṃ pāpicchatā sandiṭṭhiparāmāsitā, imāni cha vivādamūlānī’’ti (vibha. 944) padhānavasena ekekoyeva dhammo vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Chahi taṇhākāyehī</span>ti ‘‘rūpataṇhā, saddataṇhā, gandhataṇhā, rasataṇhā, phoṭṭhabbataṇhā, dhammataṇhā’’ti (vibha. 944) vuttāhi chahi taṇhāhi. Tattha yasmā ekekāyeva taṇhā anekavisayattā <a name="V2.0022"></a> ekekasmimpi visaye punappunaṃ uppattito anekā honti, tasmā samūhaṭṭhena kāyasaddena yojetvā taṇhākāyāti vuttaṃ. Taṇhākāyāti vuttepi taṇhā eva. <span class="bld">Rajjatī</span>ti sayaṃ ārammaṇe rajjati, sāratto hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Chahi diṭṭhigatehī</span>ti sabbāsavasutte vuttehi. Vuttañhi tattha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Tassa evaṃ ayoniso manasikaroto channaṃ diṭṭhīnaṃ aññatarā diṭṭhi uppajjati. ‘Atthi me attā’ti vā assa saccato thetato diṭṭhi uppajjati, ‘natthi me attā’ti vā assa saccato thetato diṭṭhi uppajjati, ‘attanāva attānaṃ sañjānāmī’ti vā assa saccato thetato diṭṭhi uppajjati, ‘attanāva anattānaṃ sañjānāmī’ti vā assa saccato thetato diṭṭhi uppajjati, ‘anattanāva attānaṃ sañjānāmī’ti vā assa saccato thetato diṭṭhi uppajjati. Atha vā panassa evaṃ diṭṭhi hoti ‘yo me ayaṃ attā <a name="P2.0419"></a> vado vedeyyo <a name="M2.0026"></a> tatra tatra kalyāṇapāpakānaṃ kammānaṃ vipākaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti, so ca kho pana me ayaṃ attā nicco dhuvo sassato avipariṇāmadhammo sassatisamaṃ tatheva ṭhassatī’’’ti (ma. ni. 1.19).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">atthi me attā</span>ti sassatadiṭṭhi sabbakālesu attano atthitaṃ gaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Saccato thetato</span>ti bhūtato ca thirato ca, ‘‘idaṃ sacca’’nti suṭṭhu daḷhabhāvenāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Natthi me attā</span>ti ucchedadiṭṭhi sato sattassa tattha tattha vibhavaggahaṇato. Atha vā purimāpi tīsu kālesu atthīti gahaṇato sassatadiṭṭhi, paccuppannameva atthīti gaṇhantī ucchedadiṭṭhi, pacchimāpi atītānāgatesu natthīti gahaṇato ‘‘bhassantā āhutiyo’’ti gahitadiṭṭhigatikānaṃ viya ucchedadiṭṭhi. Atīte eva natthīti gaṇhantī adhiccasamuppannakassa viya sassatadiṭṭhi. <span class="bld">Attanāva attānaṃ sañjānāmī</span>ti saññākkhandhasīsena khandhe attāti gahetvā saññāya avasesakkhandhe sañjānato iminā attanā imaṃ attānaṃ sañjānāmīti hoti. <span class="bld">Attanāva anattāna</span>nti saññākkhandhaṃyeva attāti gahetvā, itare cattāropi anattāti gahetvā saññāya te sañjānato evaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Anattanāva attāna</span>nti saññākkhandhaṃ anattāti gahetvā, itare cattāropi attāti gahetvā saññāya te sañjānato evaṃ hoti. Sabbāpi sassatucchedadiṭṭhiyova. <span class="bld">Vado vedeyyo</span>tiādayo pana sassatadiṭṭhiyā eva abhinivesākārā. Tattha vadatīti vado, vacīkammassa kārakoti vuttaṃ hoti. Vedayatīti vedeyyo, jānāti anubhavati cāti vuttaṃ hoti. Kiṃ vedetīti? <span class="bld">Tatra tatra kalyāṇapāpakānaṃ kammānaṃ vipākaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti<a name="V2.0023"></a>. Tatra tatrā</span>ti tesu tesu yonigatiṭhitinivāsanikāyesu ārammaṇesu vā. <span class="bld">Nicco</span>ti uppādavayarahito. <span class="bld">Dhuvo</span>ti thiro sārabhūto. <span class="bld">Sassato</span>ti sabbakāliko. <span class="bld">Avipariṇāmadhammo</span>ti attano pakatibhāvaṃ avijahanadhammo, kakaṇṭako viya nānappakārataṃ nāpajjati. <span class="bld">Sassatisama</span>nti candasūriyasamuddamahāpathavīpabbatā lokavohārena sassatiyoti vuccanti. Sassatīhi samaṃ sassatisamaṃ. Yāva sassatiyo tiṭṭhanti, tāva tatheva ṭhassatīti gaṇhato evaṃ diṭṭhi hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Khuddakavatthuvibhaṅge <a name="P2.0420"></a><a name="M2.0027"></a> pana ‘‘tatra tatra dīgharattaṃ kalyāṇapāpakānaṃ kammānaṃ vipākaṃ paccanubhoti, na so jāto nāhosi, na so jāto na bhavissati, nicco dhuvo sassato avipariṇāmadhammoti vā panassa saccato thetato diṭṭhi uppajjatī’’ti (vibha. 948) cha diṭṭhī evaṃ visesetvā vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">na so jāto nāhosī</span>ti so attā ajātidhammato na jāto nāma, sadā vijjamānoyevāti attho. Teneva atīte nāhosi, anāgate na bhavissati. Yo hi jāto, so ahosi. Yo ca jāyissati, so bhavissatīti vuccati. Atha vā <span class="bld">na so jāto nāhosī</span>ti so sadā vijjamānattā atītepi na jātu na ahosi, anāgatepi na jātu na bhavissati. <span class="bld">Anusayā</span> vuttatthā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sattahi saññojanehī</span>ti sattakanipāte vuttehi. Vuttañhi tattha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Sattimāni, bhikkhave, saṃyojanāni. Katamāni satta? Anunayasaṃyojanaṃ, paṭighasaṃyojanaṃ, diṭṭhisaṃyojanaṃ, vicikicchāsaṃyojanaṃ, mānasaṃyojanaṃ, bhavarāgasaṃyojanaṃ, avijjāsaṃyojanaṃ. Imāni kho, bhikkhave, satta saṃyojanānī’’ti (a. ni. 7.8).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">anunayasaṃyojana</span>nti kāmarāgasaṃyojanaṃ. Sabbānevetāni bandhanaṭṭhena saṃyojanāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sattahi mānehī</span>ti khuddakavatthuvibhaṅge vuttehi. Vuttañhi tattha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Māno<a name="V2.0024"></a>, atimāno, mānātimāno, omāno, adhimāno, asmimāno, micchāmāno’’ti (vibha. 950).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">māno</span>ti seyyādivasena puggalaṃ anāmasitvā jātiādīsu vatthuvaseneva unnati. <span class="bld">Atimāno</span>ti jātiādīhi ‘‘mayā sadiso natthī’’ti atikkamitvā unnati. <span class="bld">Mānātimāno</span>ti ‘‘ayaṃ pubbe mayā sadiso, idāni ahaṃ seṭṭho, ayaṃ hīnataro’’ti uppannamāno. <span class="bld">Omāno</span>ti jātiādīhi attānaṃ heṭṭhā katvā pavattamāno, hīnohamasmīti mānoyeva. <span class="bld">Adhimāno</span>ti anadhigateyeva catusaccadhamme adhigatoti māno. Ayaṃ pana adhimāno parisuddhasīlassa kammaṭṭhāne appamattassa nāmarūpaṃ vavatthapetvā paccayapariggahena vitiṇṇakaṅkhassa tilakkhaṇaṃ <a name="M2.0028"></a> āropetvā saṅkhāre sammasantassa āraddhavipassakassa <a name="P2.0421"></a> puthujjanassa uppajjati, na aññesaṃ. <span class="bld">Asmimāno</span>ti rūpādīsu khandhesu asmīti māno, ‘‘ahaṃ rūpa’’ntiādivasena uppannamānoti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Micchāmāno</span>ti pāpakena kammāyatanādinā uppannamāno.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Lokadhammā</span> vuttatthā. <span class="bld">Samparivattatī</span>ti lokadhammehi hetubhūtehi lābhādīsu catūsu anurodhavasena, alābhādīsu catūsu paṭivirodhavasena bhusaṃ nivattati, pakatibhāvaṃ jahātīti attho. <span class="bld">Micchattā</span>pi vuttatthā. <span class="bld">Niyyāto</span>ti gato pakkhando, abhibhūtoti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aṭṭhahi purisadosehī</span>ti aṭṭhakanipāte upamāhi saha, khuddakavatthuvibhaṅge upamaṃ vinā vuttehi. Vuttañhi tattha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Katame aṭṭha purisadosā? Idha bhikkhū bhikkhuṃ āpattiyā codenti. So bhikkhu bhikkhūhi āpattiyā codiyamāno ‘na sarāmi na sarāmī’ti assatiyāva nibbeṭheti. Ayaṃ paṭhamo purisadoso.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Puna caparaṃ bhikkhū bhikkhuṃ āpattiyā codenti. So bhikkhu bhikkhūhi āpattiyā codiyamāno codakaṃyeva paṭippharati ‘kiṃ nu kho tuyhaṃ bālassa abyattassa bhaṇitena, tvampi nāma maṃ bhaṇitabbaṃ maññasī’ti? Ayaṃ dutiyo purisadoso.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Puna <a name="V2.0025"></a> caparaṃ bhikkhū bhikkhuṃ āpattiyā codenti. So bhikkhu bhikkhūhi āpattiyā codiyamāno codakaṃyeva paccāropeti ‘tvampi khosi itthannāmaṃ āpattiṃ āpanno, tvaṃ tāva paṭhamaṃ paṭikarohī’ti. Ayaṃ tatiyo purisadoso.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Puna caparaṃ bhikkhū bhikkhuṃ āpattiyā codenti. So bhikkhu bhikkhūhi āpattiyā codiyamāno aññenaññaṃ paṭicarati, bahiddhā kathaṃ apanāmeti, kopañca dosañca appaccayañca pātukaroti. Ayaṃ catuttho purisadoso.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Puna caparaṃ bhikkhū bhikkhuṃ āpattiyā codenti. So bhikkhu bhikkhūhi āpattiyā codiyamāno saṅghamajjhe bāhāvikkhepakaṃ bhaṇati. Ayaṃ pañcamo purisadoso.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Puna <a name="M2.0029"></a> caparaṃ bhikkhū bhikkhuṃ āpattiyā codenti. So bhikkhu bhikkhūhi āpattiyā codiyamāno anādiyitvā saṅghaṃ anādiyitvā codakaṃ sāpattikova yena kāmaṃ pakkamati. Ayaṃ chaṭṭho purisadoso.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Puna caparaṃ bhikkhū bhikkhuṃ āpattiyā codenti. So bhikkhu bhikkhūhi āpattiyā codiyamāno ‘nevāhaṃ āpannomhi, na panāhaṃ anāpannomhī’ti so tuṇhībhūto saṅghaṃ viheseti. Ayaṃ sattamo purisadoso.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Puna caparaṃ bhikkhū bhikkhuṃ āpattiyā codenti. So bhikkhu bhikkhūhi āpattiyā codiyamāno evamāha – ‘kiṃ nu kho tumhe āyasmanto atibāḷhaṃ mayi byāvaṭā? Idānāhaṃ <a name="P2.0422"></a> sikkhaṃ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattissāmī’ti. So sikkhaṃ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattitvā evamāha ‘idāni kho tumhe āyasmanto attamanā hothā’ti. Ayaṃ aṭṭhamo purisadoso. Ime aṭṭha purisadosā’’ti (vibha. 957; a. ni. 8.14).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">purisadosā</span>ti purisānaṃ dosā, te pana purisasantānaṃ dūsentīti dosā. <span class="bld">Na sarāmi na sarāmī</span>ti ‘‘mayā etassa kammassa kataṭṭhānaṃ nassarāmi na sallakkhemī’’ti evaṃ assatibhāvena nibbeṭheti moceti. <span class="bld">Codakaṃyeva paṭippharatī</span>ti paṭiviruddho hutvā pharati, paṭiāṇibhāvena <a name="V2.0026"></a> tiṭṭhati. <span class="bld">Kiṃ nu kho tuyha</span>nti tuyhaṃ bālassa abyattassa bhaṇitena nāma kiṃ, yo tvaṃ neva vatthuṃ, na āpattiṃ, na codanaṃ jānāsīti dīpeti. Tvampi nāma evaṃ kiñci ajānanto bhaṇitabbaṃ maññasīti ajjhottharati. <span class="bld">Paccāropetī</span>ti ‘‘tvampi khosī’’tiādīni vadanto patiāropeti. <span class="bld">Paṭikarohī</span>ti desanāgāminiṃ desehi, vuṭṭhānagāminito vuṭṭhāhi, tato suddhante patiṭṭhito aññaṃ codessasīti dīpeti. <span class="bld">Aññenaññaṃ paṭicaratī</span>ti aññena kāraṇena, vacanena vā aññaṃ kāraṇaṃ, vacanaṃ vā paṭicchādeti. ‘‘Āpattiṃ āpannosī’’ti vutto ‘‘ko āpanno, kiṃ āpanno, kismiṃ āpanno, kathaṃ āpanno, kaṃ bhaṇatha, kiṃ bhaṇathā’’ti bhaṇati. ‘‘Evarūpaṃ kiñci tayā diṭṭha’’nti vutte <a name="M2.0030"></a> ‘‘na suṇāmī’’ti sotaṃ upaneti. <span class="bld">Bahiddhā kathaṃ apanāmetī</span>ti ‘‘itthannāmaṃ āpattiṃ āpannosī’’ti puṭṭho ‘‘pāṭaliputtaṃ gatomhī’’ti vatvā puna ‘‘na tava pāṭaliputtagamanaṃ pucchāmā’’ti vutte tato rājagahaṃ gatomhīti. ‘‘Rājagahaṃ vā yāhi brāhmaṇagehaṃ vā, āpattiṃ āpannosī’’ti. ‘‘Tattha me sūkaramaṃsaṃ laddha’’ntiādīni vadanto kathaṃ bahiddhā vikkhipati. <span class="bld">Kopa</span>nti kupitabhāvaṃ, <span class="bld">dosa</span>nti duṭṭhabhāvaṃ. Ubhayampetaṃ kodhasseva nāmaṃ. <span class="bld">Appaccaya</span>nti asantuṭṭhākāraṃ, domanassassetaṃ nāmaṃ. <span class="bld">Pātukarotī</span>ti dasseti pakāseti. <span class="bld">Bāhāvikkhepakaṃ bhaṇatī</span>ti bāhaṃ vikkhipitvā vikkhipitvā alajjivacanaṃ vadati. <span class="bld">Anādiyitvā</span>ti cittīkārena aggahetvā avajānitvā, anādaro hutvāti attho. <span class="bld">Vihesetī</span>ti <a name="P2.0423"></a> viheṭheti bādhati. <span class="bld">Atibāḷha</span>nti atidaḷhaṃ atippamāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Mayi byāvaṭā</span>ti mayi byāpāraṃ āpannā. <span class="bld">Hīnāyāvattitvā</span>ti hīnassa gihibhāvassa atthāya āvattitvā, gihī hutvāti attho. <span class="bld">Attamanā hothā</span>ti tuṭṭhacittā hotha, ‘‘mayā labhitabbaṃ labhatha, mayā vasitabbaṭṭhāne vasatha, phāsuvihāro vo mayā kato’’ti adhippāyena vadati. <span class="bld">Dussatī</span>ti duṭṭho hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Navahi āghātavatthūhī</span>ti sattesu uppattivaseneva kathitāni. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Navayimāni, bhikkhave, āghātavatthūni. Katamāni nava? ‘Anatthaṃ me acarī’ti āghātaṃ bandhati, ‘anatthaṃ me caratī’ti āghātaṃ bandhati, ‘anatthaṃ me carissatī’ti āghātaṃ bandhati, ‘piyassa me manāpassa anatthaṃ acari, anatthaṃ carati, anatthaṃ carissatī’ti āghātaṃ bandhati, ‘appiyassa me amanāpassa atthaṃ acari, atthaṃ carati, atthaṃ carissatī’ti āghātaṃ bandhati. Imāni kho, bhikkhave, nava āghātavatthūnī’’ti (a. ni. 9.29).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="V2.0027"></a> <span class="bld">āghātavatthūnī</span>ti āghātakāraṇāni. <span class="bld">Āghāta</span>nti cettha kopo, soyeva uparūpari kopassa vatthuttā āghātavatthu. <span class="bld">Āghātaṃ bandhatī</span>ti kopaṃ bandhati karoti uppādeti. ‘‘Atthaṃ me nācari, na carati, na carissati. Piyassa me manāpassa atthaṃ nācari, na carati, na carissati. Appiyassa me amanāpassa anatthaṃ nācari, na carati, na <a name="M2.0031"></a> carissatī’’ti (mahāni. 85; vibha. 960; dha. sa. 1066) niddese vuttāni aparānipi nava āghātavatthūni imeheva navahi saṅgahitāni. <span class="bld">Āghātito</span>ti ghaṭṭito.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Navavidhamānehī</span>ti katame navavidhamānā? Seyyassa seyyohamasmīti māno, seyyassa sadisohamasmīti māno, seyyassa hīnohamasmīti māno. Sadisassa seyyohamasmīti māno, sadisassa sadisohamasmīti māno, sadisassa hīnohamasmīti māno. Hīnassa seyyohamasmīti māno, hīnassa sadisohamasmīti māno, hīnassa hīnohamasmīti māno. Ime navavidhamānā (vibha. 962).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha pana <span class="bld">seyyassa seyyohamasmīti māno</span> rājūnañceva pabbajitānañca uppajjati. Rājā hi ‘‘raṭṭhena vā dhanena vā vāhanehi vā ko mayā sadiso atthī’’ti etaṃ mānaṃ karoti, pabbajitopi ‘‘sīladhutaṅgādīhi ko mayā sadiso atthī’’ti etaṃ mānaṃ karoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Seyyassa sadisohamasmīti māno</span>pi etesaṃyeva uppajjati. Rājā hi ‘‘raṭṭhena <a name="P2.0424"></a> vā dhanena vā vāhanehi vā aññarājūhi saddhiṃ mayhaṃ kiṃ nānākaraṇa’’nti etaṃ mānaṃ karoti, pabbajitopi ‘‘sīladhutaṅgādīhi aññena bhikkhunā mayhaṃ kiṃ nānākaraṇa’’nti etaṃ mānaṃ karoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Seyyassa hīnohamasmīti māno</span>pi etesaṃyeva uppajjati. Yassa hi rañño raṭṭhaṃ vā dhanaṃ vā vāhanādīni vā nātisampannāni honti, so ‘‘mayhaṃ rājāti vohārasukhamattakameva, kiṃ rājā nāma aha’’nti etaṃ mānaṃ karoti, pabbajitopi appalābhasakkāro ‘‘ahaṃ dhammakathiko bahussuto mahātheroti kathāmattameva, kiṃ dhammakathiko nāmāhaṃ, kiṃ bahussuto nāmāhaṃ, kiṃ mahāthero nāmāhaṃ, yassa me lābhasakkāro natthī’’ti etaṃ mānaṃ karoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sadisassa</span> <a name="V2.0028"></a> <span class="bld">seyyohamasmīti mānā</span>dayo amaccādīnaṃ uppajjanti. Amacco vā hi raṭṭhiyo vā ‘‘bhogayānavāhanādīhi ko mayā sadiso añño rājapuriso atthī’’ti vā, ‘‘mayhaṃ aññehi saddhiṃ kiṃ nānākaraṇa’’nti vā, ‘‘amaccoti nāmameva mayhaṃ, ghāsacchādanamattampi me natthi, kiṃ amacco nāmāha’’nti vā etaṃ mānaṃ karoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Hīnassa</span> <a name="M2.0032"></a> <span class="bld">seyyohamasmīti mānā</span>dayo dāsādīnaṃ uppajjanti. Dāso hi ‘‘mātito vā pitito vā ko mayā sadiso añño dāso nāma atthi, aññe jīvituṃ asakkontā kucchihetu dāsā nāma jātā, ahaṃ pana paveṇiāgatattā seyyo’’ti vā, ‘‘paveṇiāgatabhāvena ubhatosuddhikadāsattena asukadāsena nāma saddhiṃ mayhaṃ kiṃ nānākaraṇa’’nti vā, ‘‘kucchivasenāhaṃ dāsabyaṃ upagato, mātāpitukoṭiyā pana me dāsaṭṭhānaṃ natthi, kiṃ dāso nāma aha’’nti vā etaṃ mānaṃ karoti. Yathā ca dāso, evaṃ pukkusacaṇḍālādayopi etaṃ mānaṃ karontiyeva. Ettha ca seyyassa seyyohamasmīti uppannamānova yāthāvamāno, itare dve ayāthāvamānā. Tathā sadisassa sadisohamasmīti hīnassa hīnohamasmīti uppannamānova yāthāvamāno, itare dve ayāthāvamānā. Tattha yāthāvamānā arahattamaggavajjhā, ayāthāvamānā sotāpattimaggavajjhāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Taṇhāmūlakā</span> vuttāyeva. <span class="bld">Rajjatī</span>ti na kevalaṃ rāgeneva rajjati, atha kho taṇhāmūlakānaṃ pariyesanādīnampi sambhavato taṇhāmūlakehi sabbehi akusaladhammehi rajjati, yujjati bajjhatīti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dasahi</span> <a name="P2.0425"></a> <span class="bld">kilesavatthūhī</span>ti katamāni dasa kilesavatthūni? Lobho, doso, moho, māno, diṭṭhi, vicikicchā, thinaṃ, uddhaccaṃ, ahirikaṃ, anottappanti imāni dasa kilesavatthūni (vibha. 966).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha kilesā eva <span class="bld">kilesavatthūni,</span> vasanti vā ettha akhīṇāsavā sattā lobhādīsu patiṭṭhitattāti vatthūni, kilesā ca te tappatiṭṭhānaṃ sattānaṃ vatthūni cāti kilesavatthūni. Yasmā cettha anantarapaccayādibhāvena uppajjamānāpi kilesā vasanti eva nāma, tasmā kilesānaṃ vatthūnītipi kilesavatthūni. Lubbhanti tena, sayaṃ vā lubbhati, lubbhanamattameva vā tanti <span class="bld">lobho</span>. Dussanti tena, sayaṃ vā dussati, dussanamattameva vā tanti <span class="bld">doso</span>. Muyhanti tena, sayaṃ vā muyhati, muyhanamattameva vā tanti <span class="bld">moho</span>. Maññatīti <span class="bld">māno. Diṭṭhi</span>ādayo vuttatthāva<a name="V2.0029"></a>. Na hirīyatīti ahiriko, tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">ahirikaṃ</span>. Na <a name="M2.0033"></a> ottappatīti anottappī, tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">anottappaṃ</span>. Tesu ahirikaṃ kāyaduccaritādīhi ajigucchanalakkhaṇaṃ, anottappaṃ teheva asārajjanalakkhaṇaṃ, <span class="bld">kilissatī</span>ti upatāpīyati vibādhīyati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dasahi āghātavatthūhī</span>ti pubbe vuttehi navahi ca ‘‘aṭṭhāne vā panāghāto jāyatī’’ti (dha. sa. 1066) vuttena cāti dasahi. Anatthaṃ me acarītiādīnipi hi avikappetvā khāṇukaṇṭakādimhipi aṭṭhāne āghāto uppajjati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dasahi akusalakammapathehī</span>ti katame dasa akusalakammapathā (dī. ni. 3.360)? Pāṇātipāto, adinnādānaṃ, kāmesumicchācāro, musāvādo, pisuṇā vācā, pharusā vācā, samphappalāpo, abhijjhā, byāpādo, micchādiṭṭhi. Ime dasa akusalakammapathā. Tattha akusalakammāni ca tāni pathā ca duggatiyāti <span class="bld">akusalakammapathā. Samannāgato</span>ti samaṅgībhūto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dasahi saññojanehī</span>ti katamāni dasa saṃyojanāni (dha. sa. 1118)? Kāmarāgasaṃyojanaṃ, paṭighasaṃyojanaṃ, mānasaṃyojanaṃ, diṭṭhisaṃyojanaṃ, vicikicchāsaṃyojanaṃ, sīlabbataparāmāsasaṃyojanaṃ, bhavarāgasaṃyojanaṃ, issāsaṃyojanaṃ, macchariyasaṃyojanaṃ, avijjāsaṃyojanaṃ, imāni dasa saṃyojanāni. <span class="bld">Micchattā</span> <a name="P2.0426"></a> vuttāyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dasavatthukāya micchādiṭṭhiyā</span>ti katamā dasavatthukā micchādiṭṭhi (vibha. 971)? Natthi dinnaṃ, natthi yiṭṭhaṃ, natthi hutaṃ, natthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko, natthi ayaṃ loko, natthi paro loko, natthi mātā, natthi pitā, natthi sattā opapātikā, natthi loke samaṇabrāhmaṇā sammaggatā sammāpaṭipannā ye imañca lokaṃ parañca lokaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedenti. Ayaṃ dasavatthukā micchādiṭṭhi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">dasavatthukā</span>ti dasa vatthūni etissāti dasavatthukā. <span class="bld">Natthi dinna</span>nti dinnaṃ nāma atthi, sakkā kassaci kiñci dātunti jānāti. Dinnassa pana phalaṃ vipāko natthīti gaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Natthi yiṭṭha</span>nti yiṭṭhaṃ vuccati mahāyāgo, taṃ yajituṃ sakkāti jānāti. Yiṭṭhassa pana phalaṃ vipāko natthīti gaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Huta</span>nti āhunapāhunamaṅgalakiriyā, taṃ kātuṃ sakkāti jānāti. Tassa pana <a name="M2.0034"></a> phalaṃ vipāko natthīti gaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Sukatadukkaṭāna</span>nti ettha dasa kusalakammapathā <a name="V2.0030"></a> sukatakammāni nāma, dasa akusalakammapathā dukkaṭakammāni nāma. Tesaṃ atthibhāvaṃ jānāti. Phalaṃ vipāko pana natthīti gaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Natthi ayaṃ loko</span>ti paraloke ṭhito imaṃ lokaṃ natthīti gaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Natthi paro loko</span>ti idhaloke ṭhito paralokaṃ natthīti gaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Natthi mātā natthi pitā</span>ti mātāpitūnaṃ atthibhāvaṃ jānāti. Tesu katappaccayena koci phalaṃ vipāko natthīti gaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Natthi sattā opapātikā</span>ti cavanakaupapajjanakasattā natthīti gaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Sammaggatā sammāpaṭipannā</span>ti anulomapaṭipadaṃ paṭipannā dhammikasamaṇabrāhmaṇā lokasmiṃ natthīti gaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Ye imañca lokaṃ…pe… pavedentī</span>ti imañca parañca lokaṃ attanāva abhivisiṭṭhena ñāṇena ñatvā pavedanasamattho sabbaññū buddho natthīti gaṇhāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Antaggāhikāya diṭṭhiyā</span>ti ‘‘sassato loko’’tiādikaṃ ekekaṃ antaṃ bhāgaṃ gaṇhātīti antaggāhikā. Atha vā antassa gāho antaggāho, antaggāho assā atthīti antaggāhikā. Tāya antaggāhikāya. Sā pana vuttāyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aṭṭhasatataṇhāpapañcasatehī</span>ti <a name="P2.0427"></a> aṭṭhuttaraṃ sataṃ aṭṭhasataṃ. Saṃsāre papañceti ciraṃ vasāpetīti papañco, taṇhā eva papañco taṇhāpapañco, ārammaṇabhedena punappunaṃ uppattivasena ca taṇhānaṃ bahukattā bahuvacanaṃ katvā taṇhāpapañcānaṃ sataṃ taṇhāpapañcasataṃ. Tena ‘‘taṇhāpapañcasatenā’’ti vattabbe vacanavipallāsavasena ‘‘taṇhāpapañcasatehī’’ti bahuvacananiddeso kato. Aṭṭhasatanti saṅkhātena taṇhāpapañcasatenāti attho daṭṭhabbo. Aṭṭha abbohārikāni katvā satameva gahitanti veditabbaṃ. Khuddakavatthuvibhaṅge pana taṇhāvicaritānīti āgataṃ. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Aṭṭhārasa taṇhāvicaritāni ajjhattikassa upādāya, aṭṭhārasa taṇhāvicaritāni bāhirassa upādāya, tadekajjhaṃ abhisaññuhitvā abhisaṅkhipitvā chattiṃsa taṇhāvicaritāni honti. Iti atītāni chattiṃsa taṇhāvicaritāni, anāgatāni chattiṃsa taṇhāvicaritāni, paccuppannāni chattiṃsa taṇhāvicaritāni tadekajjhaṃ <a name="M2.0035"></a> abhisaññuhitvā abhisaṅkhipitvā aṭṭhataṇhāvicaritasataṃ hotī’’ti (vibha. 842).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Taṇhāpapañcāyeva panettha <span class="bld">taṇhāvicaritānī</span>ti vuttā. Taṇhāsamudācārā taṇhāpavattiyoti attho. <span class="bld">Ajjhattikassa upādāyā</span>ti ajjhattikaṃ khandhapañcakaṃ upādāya. Idañhi upayogatthe sāmivacanaṃ. Vitthāro panassa tassa niddese (vibha. 973) vuttanayeneva veditabbo. Ayaṃ pana <a name="V2.0031"></a> aparo nayo – rūpārammaṇāyeva kāmataṇhā, bhavataṇhā, vibhavataṇhāti tisso taṇhā honti, tathā saddādiārammaṇāti chasu ārammaṇesu aṭṭhārasa taṇhā honti, ajjhattārammaṇā aṭṭhārasa, bahiddhārammaṇā aṭṭhārasāti chattiṃsa honti. Tā eva atītārammaṇā chattiṃsa, anāgatārammaṇā chattiṃsa, paccuppannārammaṇā chattiṃsāti aṭṭhataṇhāvicaritasataṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Papañcito</span>ti ārammaṇe, saṃsāre vā papañcito ciravāsito.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dvāsaṭṭhiyā diṭṭhigatehī</span>ti ‘‘katamāni dvāsaṭṭhi diṭṭhigatāni brahmajāle veyyākaraṇe vuttāni bhagavatā? Cattāro sassatavādā, cattāro ekaccasassatavādā, cattāro antānantikā<a name="P2.0428"></a>, cattāro amarāvikkhepikā, dve adhiccasamuppannikā, soḷasa saññīvādā, aṭṭha asaññīvādā, aṭṭha nevasaññīnāsaññīvādā, satta ucchedavādā, pañca diṭṭhadhammanibbānavādāti imāni dvāsaṭṭhi diṭṭhigatāni brahmajāle veyyākaraṇe vuttāni bhagavatā’’ti (vibha. 977). Vitthāro panettha brahmajālasutte vuttanayeneva veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ahañcamhi tiṇṇo</span>ti ahañca caturoghaṃ, saṃsārasamuddaṃ vā tiṇṇo amhi bhavāmi. <span class="bld">Mutto</span>ti rāgādibandhanehi mutto. <span class="bld">Danto</span>ti nibbisevano nipparipphando. <span class="bld">Santo</span>ti sītībhūto. <span class="bld">Assattho</span>ti nibbānadassane laddhassāso. <span class="bld">Parinibbuto</span>ti kilesaparinibbānena parinibbuto. <span class="bld">Pahomī</span>ti samatthomhi. <span class="bld">Kho</span>iti ekaṃsatthe nipāto. <span class="bld">Pare ca parinibbāpetu</span>nti ettha pare ca-saddo ‘‘pare ca tāretu’’ntiādīhipi yojetabboti.</p>
<p class="centered">Mahākaruṇāñāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">72-73. Sabbaññutaññāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para119"></a><span class="paranum">119</span>. Sabbaññutaññāṇaniddese <a name="P2.0429"></a><a name="M2.0036"></a> <span class="bld">katamaṃ tathāgatassa sabbaññutaññāṇa</span>nti pucchitvā tena samagatikattā teneva saha anāvaraṇañāṇaṃ niddiṭṭhaṃ. Na hi anāvaraṇañāṇaṃ dhammato visuṃ atthi, ekameva hetaṃ ñāṇaṃ ākārabhedato dvedhā vuccati saddhindriyasaddhābalādīni viya. Sabbaññutaññāṇameva hi natthi etassa āvaraṇanti, kenaci dhammena, puggalena vā āvaraṇaṃ kātuṃ asakkuṇeyyatāya anāvaraṇanti vuccati āvajjanapaṭibaddhattā sabbadhammānaṃ. Aññe pana āvajjitvāpi na jānanti. Keci panāhu ‘‘manoviññāṇaṃ viya sabbārammaṇikattā sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ<a name="V2.0032"></a>. Taṃyeva ñāṇaṃ indavajiraṃ viya visayesu appaṭihatattā anāvaraṇañāṇaṃ. Anupubbasabbaññutāpaṭikkhepo sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ, sakiṃsabbaññutāpaṭikkhepo anāvaraṇañāṇaṃ, bhagavā sabbaññutaññāṇapaṭilābhenapi sabbaññūti vuccati, na ca anupubbasabbaññū. Anāvaraṇañāṇapaṭilābhenapi sabbaññūti vuccati, na ca sakiṃsabbaññū’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbaṃ saṅkhatamasaṅkhataṃ anavasesaṃ jānātī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">sabba</span>nti jātivasena sabbadhammānaṃ nissesapariyādānaṃ. <span class="bld">Anavasesa</span>nti ekekasseva dhammassa sabbākāravasena nissesapariyādānaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṅkhatamasaṅkhata</span>nti dvidhā pabhedadassanaṃ. Saṅkhatañhi eko pabhedo, asaṅkhataṃ eko pabhedo. Paccayehi saṅgamma katanti saṅkhataṃ. Khandhapañcakaṃ. Tathā na saṅkhatanti asaṅkhataṃ. Nibbānaṃ. Saṅkhataṃ aniccadukkhānattādīhi ākārehi anavasesaṃ jānāti, asaṅkhataṃ suññatānimittaappaṇihitādīhi ākārehi anavasesaṃ jānāti. Natthi etassa saṅkhatassa asaṅkhatassa ca avasesoti anavasesaṃ. Saṅkhataṃ asaṅkhatañca. Anekabhedāpi paññatti paccayehi akatattā asaṅkhatapakkhaṃ bhajati. Sabbaññutaññāṇañhi <a name="P2.0430"></a> sabbāpi paññattiyo anekabhedato jānāti. Atha vā <span class="bld">sabba</span>nti sabbadhammaggahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Anavasesa</span>nti nippadesaggahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Tattha āvaraṇaṃ natthī</span>ti tattha tasmiṃ anavasese saṅkhatāsaṅkhate nissaṅgattā sabbaññutaññāṇassa āvaraṇaṃ natthīti tadeva sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ anāvaraṇañāṇaṃ nāmāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para120"></a><span class="paranum">120</span>. Idāni <a name="M2.0037"></a> anekavisayabhedato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">atīta</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">atītaṃ anāgataṃ paccuppanna</span>nti kālabhedato dassitaṃ, <span class="bld">cakkhu ceva rūpā cā</span>tiādi vatthārammaṇabhedato. <span class="bld">Evaṃ taṃ sabba</span>nti tesaṃ cakkhurūpānaṃ anavasesapariyādānaṃ. Evaṃ sesesu. <span class="bld">Yāvatā</span>ti anavasesapariyādānaṃ. <span class="bld">Aniccaṭṭha</span>ntiādi sāmaññalakkhaṇabhedato dassitaṃ. <span class="bld">Aniccaṭṭha</span>nti ca aniccākāraṃ. Paccattatthe vā upayogavacanaṃ. Esa nayo edisesu. <span class="bld">Rūpassā</span>tiādi khandhabhedato dassitaṃ. <span class="bld">Cakkhussa…pe… jarāmaraṇassā</span>ti heṭṭhā vuttapeyyālanayena yojetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Abhiññāyā</span>tiādīsu heṭṭhā vuttañāṇāneva. <span class="bld">Abhiññaṭṭha</span>nti abhijānanasabhāvaṃ. Esa nayo edisesu. <span class="bld">Khandhānaṃ khandhaṭṭha</span>ntiādi heṭṭhā vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Kusale dhamme</span>tiādi kusalattikavasena bhedo. <span class="bld">Kāmāvacare dhamme</span>tiādi catubhūmakavasena. Ubhayatthāpi ‘‘sabbe jānātī’’ti bahuvacanapāṭho sundaro. Ekavacanasote patitattā pana potthakesu ekavacanena likhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Dukkhassā</span>tiādi cuddasannaṃ buddhañāṇānaṃ visayabhedo. <span class="bld">Indriyaparopariyatte ñāṇa</span>ntiādīni cattāri ñāṇāni vatvā sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ kasmā na vuttanti ce? Vuccamānassa <a name="V2.0033"></a> sabbaññutaññāṇattā. Visayabhedato hi sabbaññutaññāṇe vuccamāne taṃ ñāṇaṃ na vattabbaṃ hoti, sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ pana sabbaññutaññāṇassa visayo hotiyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Puna kāḷakārāmasuttantādīsu (a. ni. 4.24) vuttanayena sabbaññutaññāṇabhūmiṃ dassento <span class="bld">yāvatā sadevakassa lokassā</span>tiādimāha. Tattha saha devehi <span class="bld">sadevakassa</span>. Saha mārena <span class="bld">samārakassa</span><a name="P2.0431"></a>. Saha brahmunā <span class="bld">sabrahmakassa</span> lokassa. Saha samaṇabrāhmaṇehi <span class="bld">sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā</span>. Saha devamanussehi <span class="bld">sadevamanussāya</span> pajāya. Pajātattā <span class="bld">pajā</span>ti sattalokassa pariyāyavacanametaṃ. Tattha sadevakavacanena pañcakāmāvacaradevaggahaṇaṃ, samārakavacanena chaṭṭhakāmāvacaradevaggahaṇaṃ, sabrahmakavacanena brahmakāyikādibrahmaggahaṇaṃ, sassamaṇabrāhmaṇivacanena sāsanassa paccatthikapaccāmittasamaṇabrāhmaṇaggahaṇaṃ samitapāpabāhitapāpasamaṇabrāhmaṇaggahaṇañca, pajāvacanena sattalokaggahaṇaṃ, sadevamanussavacanena sammutidevasesamanussaggahaṇaṃ veditabbaṃ. Evamettha tīhi padehi okāsaloko, dvīhi pajāvasena sattaloko gahitoti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparo <a name="M2.0038"></a> nayo – sadevakaggahaṇena arūpāvacaraloko gahito, samārakaggahaṇena chakāmāvacaradevaloko, sabrahmakaggahaṇena rūpāvacarabrahmaloko, sassamaṇabrāhmaṇādiggahaṇena catuparisavasena, sammutidevehi vā saha manussaloko, avasesasattaloko vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apicettha sadevakavacanena ukkaṭṭhaparicchedato sabbassapi lokassa diṭṭhādijānanabhāvaṃ sādheti. Tato yesaṃ siyā ‘‘māro mahānubhāvo chakāmāvacarissaro vasavattī, kiṃ tassāpi diṭṭhādiṃ jānātī’’ti, tesaṃ vimatiṃ vidhamanto ‘‘samārakassā’’ti āha. Yesaṃ pana siyā ‘‘brahmā mahānubhāvo ekaṅguliyā ekasmiṃ cakkavāḷasahasse ālokaṃ pharati, dvīhi…pe… dasahi aṅgulīhi dasasu cakkavāḷasahassesu ālokaṃ pharati, anuttarañca jhānasamāpattisukhaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti, kiṃ tassāpi diṭṭhādiṃ jānātī’’ti, tesaṃ vimatiṃ vidhamanto ‘‘sabrahmakassā’’ti āha. Tato yesaṃ siyā ‘‘puthū samaṇabrāhmaṇā sāsanassa paccatthikā, kiṃ tesampi diṭṭhādiṃ jānātī’’ti, tesaṃ vimatiṃ vidhamanto ‘‘sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāyā’’ti āha. Evaṃ ukkaṭṭhānaṃ diṭṭhādijānanabhāvaṃ pakāsetvā atha sammutideve avasesamanusse ca upādāya ukkaṭṭhaparicchedavasena sesasattalokassa diṭṭhādijānanabhāvaṃ pakāseti. Ayamettha anusandhikkamo. Porāṇā panāhu – <span class="bld">sadevakassā</span>ti devatāhi saddhiṃ avasesalokassa<a name="P2.0432"></a>. <span class="bld">Samārakassā</span>ti mārena saddhiṃ avasesalokassa. <span class="bld">Sabrahmakassā</span>ti brahmehi saddhiṃ avasesalokassa. Evaṃ sabbepi tibhavūpage satte tīhākārehi tīsu padesu pakkhipitvā puna dvīhākārehi pariyādātuṃ <a name="V2.0034"></a> <span class="bld">sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāyā</span>ti vuttaṃ. Evaṃ pañcahi padehi tena tena ākārena tedhātukameva pariyādinnaṃ hotīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Diṭṭha</span>nti rūpāyatanaṃ. <span class="bld">Suta</span>nti saddāyatanaṃ. <span class="bld">Muta</span>nti patvā gahetabbato gandhāyatanaṃ, rasāyatanaṃ, phoṭṭhabbāyatanaṃ. <span class="bld">Viññāta</span>nti sukhadukkhādidhammārammaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Patta</span>nti pariyesitvā vā apariyesitvā vā pattaṃ. <span class="bld">Pariyesita</span>nti pattaṃ vā appattaṃ vā pariyesitaṃ. <span class="bld">Anuvicaritaṃ manasā</span>ti cittena anusañcaritaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbaṃ jānātī</span>ti iminā etaṃ dasseti – yaṃ aparimānāsu lokadhātūsu imassa <a name="M2.0039"></a> sadevakassa lokassa ‘‘nīlaṃ pīta’’ntiādi (dha. sa. 619) rūpārammaṇaṃ cakkhudvāre āpāthaṃ āgacchati, ayaṃ satto imasmiṃ khaṇe imaṃ nāma rūpārammaṇaṃ disvā sumano vā dummano vā majjhatto vā jātoti taṃ sabbaṃ tathāgatassa sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ jānāti. Tathā yaṃ aparimāṇāsu lokadhātūsu imassa sadevakassa lokassa ‘‘bherisaddo, mudiṅgasaddo’’tiādi saddārammaṇaṃ sotadvāre āpāthaṃ āgacchati, ‘‘mūlagandho tacagandho’’tiādi (dha. sa. 624-627) gandhārammaṇaṃ ghānadvāre āpāthaṃ āgacchati, ‘‘mūlaraso, khandharaso’’tiādi (dha. sa. 628-631) rasārammaṇaṃ jivhādvāre āpāthaṃ āgacchati, ‘‘kakkhaḷaṃ, muduka’’ntiādi (dha. sa. 647-650) pathavīdhātutejodhātuvāyodhātubhedaṃ phoṭṭhabbārammaṇaṃ kāyadvāre āpāthaṃ āgacchati, ayaṃ satto imasmiṃ khaṇe imaṃ nāma phoṭṭhabbārammaṇaṃ phusitvā sumano vā dummano vā majjhatto vā jātoti taṃ sabbaṃ tathāgatassa sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ jānāti. Tathā yaṃ aparimāṇāsu lokadhātūsu imassa sadevakassa lokassa sukhadukkhādibhedaṃ dhammārammaṇaṃ manodvāre āpāthaṃ āgacchati, ayaṃ satto imasmiṃ khaṇe imaṃ nāma dhammārammaṇaṃ vijānitvā sumano vā dummano vā majjhatto vā jātoti taṃ sabbaṃ tathāgatassa sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ jānāti. Imassa pana mahājanassa pariyesitvā appattampi atthi, pariyesitvā pattampi atthi. Apariyesitvā appattampi atthi, apariyesitvā <a name="P2.0433"></a> pattampi atthi. Sabbaṃ tathāgatassa sabbaññutaññāṇena appattaṃ nāma natthīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para121"></a><span class="paranum">121</span>. Puna aparena pariyāyena sabbaññutaññāṇabhāvasādhanatthaṃ <span class="bld">na tassā</span>ti gāthamāha. Tattha <span class="bld">na tassa addiṭṭhamidhatthi kiñcī</span>ti tassa tathāgatassa idha imasmiṃ tedhātuke loke, imasmiṃ paccuppannakāle vā paññācakkhunā addiṭṭhaṃ nāma kiñci appamattakampi na atthi na saṃvijjati. <span class="bld">Atthī</span>ti idaṃ vattamānakālikaṃ ākhyātapadaṃ. Iminā paccuppannakālikassa sabbadhammassa ñātabhāvaṃ dasseti. Gāthābandhasukhatthaṃ panettha da-kāro saṃyutto. <span class="bld">Atho aviññāta</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">atho</span>iti vacanopādāne nipāto. <span class="bld">Aviññāta</span>nti atītakālikaṃ aviññātaṃ nāma kiñci <a name="V2.0035"></a> dhammajātaṃ. Nāhosīti pāṭhaseso. Abyayabhūtassa atthisaddassa gahaṇe pāṭhasesaṃ vināpi yujjatiyeva. Iminā atītakālikassa sabbadhammassa ñātabhāvaṃ dasseti<a name="M2.0040"></a>. <span class="bld">Ajānitabba</span>nti anāgatakālikaṃ ajānitabbaṃ nāma dhammajātaṃ na bhavissati, natthi vā. Iminā anāgatakālikassa sabbadhammassa ñātabhāvaṃ dasseti. Jānanakiriyāvisesanamattameva vā ettha a-kāro. <span class="bld">Sabbaṃ abhiññāsi yadatthi neyya</span>nti ettha yaṃ tekālikaṃ vā kālavimuttaṃ vā neyyaṃ jānitabbaṃ kiñci dhammajātaṃ atthi, taṃ sabbaṃ tathāgato abhiññāsi adhikena sabbaññutaññāṇena jāni paṭivijjhi. Ettha atthisaddena tekālikassa kālavimuttassa ca gahaṇā atthi-saddo abyayabhūtoyeva daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Tathāgato tena samantacakkhū</span>ti kālavasena okāsavasena ca nippadesattā samantā sabbato pavattaṃ ñāṇacakkhu assāti samantacakkhu. Tena yathāvuttena kāraṇena tathāgato samantacakkhu, sabbaññūti vuttaṃ hoti. Imissā gāthāya puggalādhiṭṭhānāya desanāya sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ sādhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Puna buddhañāṇānaṃ visayavasena sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ dassetukāmo <span class="bld">samantacakkhūti kenaṭṭhena samantacakkhū</span>tiādimāha. Tattha gāthāya <span class="bld">samantacakkhū</span>ti vuttapade yaṃ taṃ samantacakkhu, taṃ kenaṭṭhena samantacakkhūti attho. Attho panassa <span class="bld">yāvatā</span> <a name="P2.0434"></a> <span class="bld">dukkhassa dukkhaṭṭho</span>tiādīhi vuttoyeva hoti. Sabbaññutaññāṇañhi samantacakkhu. Yathāha – ‘‘samantacakkhu vuccati sabbaññutaññāṇa’’nti (cūḷani. dhotakamāṇavapucchāniddesa 32). Tasmiṃ sabbaññutaññāṇaṭṭhe vutte samantacakkhuṭṭho vuttoyeva hotīti. Buddhasseva ñāṇānīti <span class="bld">buddhañāṇāni. Dukkhe ñāṇā</span>dīnipi hi sabbākārena buddhasseva bhagavato pavattanti, itaresaṃ pana ekadesamatteneva pavattanti. <span class="bld">Sāvakasādhāraṇānī</span>ti pana ekadesenāpi atthitaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbo ñāto</span>ti sabbo ñāṇena ñāto. <span class="bld">Aññāto dukkhaṭṭho natthī</span>ti vuttameva atthaṃ paṭisedhena vibhāveti. <span class="bld">Sabbo diṭṭho</span>ti na kevalaṃ ñātamattoyeva, atha kho cakkhunā diṭṭho viya kato. <span class="bld">Sabbo vidito</span>ti na kevalaṃ diṭṭhamattoyeva, atha kho pākaṭo. <span class="bld">Sabbo sacchikato</span>ti na kevalaṃ viditoyeva, atha kho tattha ñāṇapaṭilābhavasena paccakkhīkato. <span class="bld">Sabbo phassito</span>ti na kevalaṃ sacchikatoyeva, atha kho punappunaṃ yathāruci samudācāravasena phuṭṭhoti. Atha vā <span class="bld">ñāto</span> sabhāvalakkhaṇavasena. <span class="bld">Diṭṭho</span> sāmaññalakkhaṇavasena. <span class="bld">Vidito</span> rasavasena. <span class="bld">Sacchikato</span> paccupaṭṭhānavasena<a name="M2.0041"></a>. <span class="bld">Phassito</span> padaṭṭhānavasena. Atha vā ñāto ñāṇuppādavasena. Diṭṭho cakkhuppādavasena. Vidito paññuppādavasena. Sacchikato vijjuppādavasena. Phassito ālokuppādavasena. ‘‘Yāvatā dukkhassa dukkhaṭṭho, sabbo diṭṭho, adiṭṭho dukkhaṭṭho natthī’’tiādinā nayena ca ‘‘yāvatā sadevakassa lokassa…pe… anuvicaritaṃ manasā, sabbaṃ ñātaṃ, aññātaṃ natthī’’tiādinā nayena <a name="V2.0036"></a> ca vitthāro veditabbo. Paṭhamaṃ vuttagāthā nigamanavasena puna vuttā. Taṃnigamaneyeva hi kate ñāṇanigamanampi katameva hotīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Sabbaññutaññāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Saddhammappakāsiniyā paṭisambhidāmagga-aṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Ñāṇakathāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter">2. Diṭṭhikathā</p>
<p class="title">1. Assādadiṭṭhiniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para122"></a><span class="paranum">122</span>. Idāni <a name="V2.0037"></a><a name="P2.0435"></a> ñāṇakathānantaraṃ kathitāya diṭṭhikathāya anupubbaanuvaṇṇanā anuppattā. Ayañhi diṭṭhikathā ñāṇakathāya katañāṇaparicayassa samadhigatasammādiṭṭhissa micchādiṭṭhimalavisodhanā sukarā hoti, sammādiṭṭhi ca suparisuddhā hotīti ñāṇakathānantaraṃ kathitā. Tattha <span class="bld">kā diṭṭhī</span>tiādikā pucchā. <span class="bld">Kā diṭṭhīti abhinivesaparāmāso diṭṭhī</span>tiādikaṃ pucchitapucchāya vissajjanaṃ. <span class="bld">Kathaṃ abhinivesaparāmāso diṭṭhī</span>tiādiko vissajjitavissajjanassa vitthāraniddeso, <span class="bld">sabbāva tā diṭṭhiyo assādadiṭṭhiyo</span>tiādikā diṭṭhisuttasaṃsandanāti evamime cattāro paricchedā. Tattha pucchāparicchede tāva <span class="bld">kā diṭṭhī</span>ti dhammapucchā, sabhāvapucchā. <span class="bld">Kati diṭṭhiṭṭhānānī</span>ti hetupucchā paccayapucchā, kittakāni diṭṭhīnaṃ kāraṇānīti attho. <span class="bld">Kati diṭṭhipariyuṭṭhānānī</span>ti samudācārapucchā vikārapucchā. Diṭṭhiyo eva hi samudācāravasena cittaṃ pariyonandhantiyo uṭṭhahantīti diṭṭhipariyuṭṭhānāni <a name="M2.0042"></a> nāma honti. <span class="bld">Kati diṭṭhiyo</span>ti diṭṭhīnaṃ saṅkhāpucchā gaṇanāpucchā. <span class="bld">Kati diṭṭhābhinivesā</span>ti vatthuppabhedavasena ārammaṇanānattavasena diṭṭhippabhedapucchā. Diṭṭhiyo eva hi taṃ taṃ vatthuṃ taṃ taṃ ārammaṇaṃ abhinivisanti parāmasantīti diṭṭhiparāmāsāti vuccanti. <span class="bld">Katamo diṭṭhiṭṭhānasamugghāto</span>ti diṭṭhīnaṃ paṭipakkhapucchā pahānūpāyapucchā. Diṭṭhikāraṇāni hi khandhādīni diṭṭhisamugghātena tāsaṃ kāraṇāni na hontīti tāni ca kāraṇāni samugghātitāni nāma honti. Tasmā diṭṭhiṭṭhānāni sammā bhusaṃ haññanti etenāti diṭṭhiṭṭhānasamugghātoti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni etāsaṃ channaṃ pucchānaṃ <span class="bld">kā diṭṭhī</span>tiādīni cha vissajjanāni. Tattha <span class="bld">kā diṭṭhī</span>ti vissajjetabbapucchā. <span class="bld">Abhinivesaparāmāso diṭṭhī</span>ti vissajjanaṃ. Sā pana aniccādike <a name="P2.0436"></a> vatthusmiṃ niccādivasena abhinivisati patiṭṭhahati daḷhaṃ gaṇhātīti <span class="bld">abhiniveso</span>. Aniccādiākāraṃ atikkamitvā niccantiādivasena vattamāno parato āmasati gaṇhātīti <span class="bld">parāmāso</span>. Atha vā niccantiādikaṃ paraṃ uttamaṃ saccanti āmasati gaṇhātīti parāmāso, abhiniveso <a name="V2.0038"></a> ca so parāmāso cāti <span class="bld">abhinivesaparāmāso</span>. Evaṃpakāro diṭṭhīti kiccato diṭṭhisabhāvaṃ vissajjeti. <span class="bld">Tīṇi sata</span>nti tīṇi satāni, vacanavipallāso kato. <span class="bld">Katamo diṭṭhiṭṭhānasamugghāto</span>ti pucchaṃ anuddharitvāva <span class="bld">sotāpattimaggo diṭṭhiṭṭhānasamugghāto</span>ti vissajjanaṃ kataṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para123"></a><span class="paranum">123</span>. Idāni <span class="bld">kathaṃ abhinivesaparāmāso</span>tiādi vitthāraniddeso. Tattha <span class="bld">rūpa</span>nti upayogavacanaṃ. Rūpaṃ abhinivesaparāmāsoti sambandho. <span class="bld">Rūpa</span>nti cettha rūpupādānakkhandho kasiṇarūpañca. ‘‘Etaṃ mamā’’ti abhinivesaparāmāso diṭṭhi, ‘‘esohamasmī’’ti abhinivesaparāmāso diṭṭhi, ‘‘eso me attā’’ti abhinivesaparāmāso diṭṭhīti paccekaṃ yojetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Eta</span>nti sāmaññavacanaṃ. Teneva ‘‘vedanaṃ etaṃ mama, saṅkhāre etaṃ mamā’’ti napuṃsakavacanaṃ ekavacanañca kataṃ. Esoti pana vattabbamapekkhitvā pulliṅgekavacanaṃ kataṃ. <span class="bld">Etaṃ mamā</span>ti taṇhāmaññanāmūlikā diṭṭhi. <span class="bld">Esohamasmī</span>ti mānamaññanāmūlikā diṭṭhi. <span class="bld">Eso me attā</span>ti diṭṭhimaññanā eva. Keci pana ‘‘etaṃ mamāti mamaṃkārakappanā, esohamasmīti ahaṃkārakappanā, eso me attāti <a name="M2.0043"></a> ahaṃkāramamaṃkārakappito attābhinivesoti ca, tathā yathākkameneva taṇhāmūlaniveso mānapaggāho, taṇhāmūlaniviṭṭho mānapaggahito, attābhinivesoti ca, saṅkhārānaṃ dukkhalakkhaṇādassanaṃ, saṅkhārānaṃ aniccalakkhaṇādassanaṃ, saṅkhārānaṃ tilakkhaṇādassanahetuko attābhinivesoti ca, dukkhe asubhe ca sukhaṃ subhanti vipallāsagatassa, anicce niccanti vipallāsagatassa, catubbidhavipallāsagatassa ca attābhinivesoti ca, pubbenivāsañāṇassa ākārakappanā, dibbacakkhuñāṇassa anāgatapaṭilābhakappanā, pubbantāparantaidappaccayatāpaṭiccasamuppannesu <a name="P2.0437"></a> dhammesu kappanissitassa attābhinivesoti ca, nandiyā atītamanvāgameti, nandiyā anāgataṃ paṭikaṅkhati, paccuppannesu dhammesu saṃhīrati attābhinivesoti ca, pubbante aññāṇahetukā diṭṭhi, aparante aññāṇahetukā diṭṭhi, pubbantāparante idappaccayatāpaṭiccasamuppannesu dhammesu aññāṇahetuko attābhiniveso’’ti ca etesaṃ tiṇṇaṃ vacanānaṃ atthaṃ vaṇṇayanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Diṭṭhiyo panettha paṭhamaṃ pañcakkhandhavatthukā. Tato chaajjhattikabāhirāyatanaviññāṇa- kāyasamphassakāyavedanākāyasaññākāyacetanākāyataṇhākāyavitakkavicāradhātudasakasiṇa- dvattiṃsākāravatthukā diṭṭhiyo vuttā. Dvattiṃsākāresu ca yattha visuṃ abhiniveso na yujjati, tattha sakalasarīrābhinivesavaseneva visuṃ abhiniveso viya katoti veditabbaṃ. Tato dvādasāyatanaaṭṭhārasadhātuekūnavīsatiindriyavasena yojanā katā. Tīṇi ekantalokuttarindriyāni na <a name="V2.0039"></a> yojitāni. Na hi lokuttaravatthukā diṭṭhiyo honti. Sabbatthāpi ca lokiyalokuttaramissesu dhammesu lokuttare ṭhapetvā lokiyā eva gahetabbā. Anindriyabaddharūpañca na gahetabbameva. Tato tedhātukavasena navavidhabhavavasena jhānabrahmavihārasamāpattivasena paṭiccasamuppādaṅgavasena ca yojanā katā. Jātijarāmaraṇānaṃ visuṃ gahaṇe parihāro vuttanayo eva. Sabbāni cetāni rūpādikāni jarāmaraṇantāni aṭṭhanavutisataṃ padāni bhavanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para124"></a><span class="paranum">124</span>. Diṭṭhiṭṭhānesu <span class="bld">khandhāpi diṭṭhiṭṭhāna</span>nti vīsativatthukāyapi sakkāyadiṭṭhiyā pañcannaṃ khandhānaṃyeva vatthuttā ‘‘ye hi keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā attānaṃ samanupassamānā samanupassanti, sabbe te pañcupādānakkhandhesuyeva <a name="M2.0044"></a> samanupassanti, etesaṃ vā aññatara’’nti (saṃ. ni. 3.47) vuttattā ca pañcupādānakkhandhā diṭṭhīnaṃ kāraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Avijjāpi diṭṭhiṭṭhāna</span>nti avijjāya andhīkatānaṃ diṭṭhiuppattito ‘‘yāyaṃ, bhante, diṭṭhi ‘asammāsambuddhesu <a name="P2.0438"></a> sammāsambuddhā’ti, ayaṃ nu kho, bhante, diṭṭhi kiṃ paṭicca paññāyatīti? Mahatī kho esā, kaccāna, dhātu, yadidaṃ avijjādhātu. Hīnaṃ, kaccāna, dhātuṃ paṭicca uppajjati hīnā saññā hīnā diṭṭhī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 2.97) vacanato ca avijjā diṭṭhīnaṃ kāraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Phassopi diṭṭhiṭṭhāna</span>nti tena phassena phuṭṭhassa diṭṭhiuppattito ‘‘ye te, bhikkhave, samaṇabrāhmaṇā pubbantakappikā pubbantānudiṭṭhino pubbantaṃ ārabbha anekavihitāni adhivuttipadāni abhivadanti, tadapi phassapaccayā’’ti (dī. ni. 1.123) vacanato ca phasso diṭṭhīnaṃ kāraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Saññāpi diṭṭhiṭṭhāna</span>nti ākāramattaggahaṇena ayāthāvasabhāvagāhahetuttā saññāya –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yāni ca tīṇi yāni ca saṭṭhi, samaṇappavādasitāni bhūripañña;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Saññakkharasaññanissitāni, osaraṇāni vineyya oghatamagā’’ti. (su. ni. 543) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Vacanato ‘‘saññānidānā hi papañcasaṅkhā’’ti (su. ni. 880; mahāni. 109) vacanato ca saññā diṭṭhīnaṃ kāraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Vitakkopi diṭṭhiṭṭhāna</span>nti ākāraparivitakkena diṭṭhiuppattito –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Naheva <a name="V2.0040"></a> saccāni bahūni nānā, aññatra saññāya niccāni loke;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Takkañca diṭṭhīsu pakappayitvā, saccaṃ musāti dvayadhammamāhū’’ti. (su. ni. 892) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Vacanato ca vitakko diṭṭhīnaṃ kāraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Ayonisomanasikāropi diṭṭhiṭṭhāna</span>nti ayoniso manasikārassa akusalānaṃ asādhāraṇahetuttā ‘‘tassevaṃ ayoniso manasikaroto channaṃ diṭṭhīnaṃ aññatarā diṭṭhi uppajjatī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.19) vacanato ca ayoniso manasikāro diṭṭhīnaṃ kāraṇaṃ<a name="M2.0045"></a>. <span class="bld">Pāpamittopi diṭṭhiṭṭhāna</span>nti pāpamittassa diṭṭhānugatiāpajjanena diṭṭhiuppattito ‘‘bāhiraṃ, bhikkhave, aṅganti karitvā na aññaṃ ekaṅgampi samanupassāmi, yaṃ evaṃ mahato anatthāya saṃvattati. Yathayidaṃ, bhikkhave, pāpamittatā’’ti <a name="P2.0439"></a> (a. ni. 1.110) vacanato ca pāpamitto diṭṭhīnaṃ kāraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Paratopi ghoso diṭṭhiṭṭhāna</span>nti durakkhātadhammassavanena diṭṭhiuppattito ‘‘dveme, bhikkhave, hetū dve paccayā micchādiṭṭhiyā uppādāya parato ca ghoso ayoniso ca manasikāro’’ti (a. ni. 2.126) vacanato ca parato ghoso micchādiṭṭhikato micchādiṭṭhipaṭisaññuttakathā diṭṭhīnaṃ kāraṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni <span class="bld">diṭṭhiṭṭhāna</span>nti padassa atthaṃ vivaranto <span class="bld">khandhā hetu khandhā paccayo</span>tiādimāha. Khandhā eva diṭṭhīnaṃ <span class="bld">upādāya,</span> janakahetu ceva upatthambhakapaccayo cāti attho. <span class="bld">Samuṭṭhānaṭṭhenā</span>ti samuṭṭhahanti uppajjanti etenāti samuṭṭhānaṃ, kāraṇanti attho. Tena samuṭṭhānaṭṭhena, diṭṭhikāraṇabhāvenāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para125"></a><span class="paranum">125</span>. Idāni kiccabhedena diṭṭhibhedaṃ dassento <span class="bld">katamāni aṭṭhārasa diṭṭhipariyuṭṭhānānī</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">yā diṭṭhī</span>ti idāni vuccamānānaṃ aṭṭhārasannaṃ padānaṃ sādhāraṇaṃ mūlapadaṃ. Yā diṭṭhi, tadeva diṭṭhigataṃ, yā diṭṭhi, tadeva diṭṭhigahananti sabbehi sambandho kātabbo. Ayāthāvadassanaṭṭhena diṭṭhi, tadeva diṭṭhīsu gataṃ dassanaṃ dvāsaṭṭhidiṭṭhiantogadhattāti <span class="bld">diṭṭhigataṃ</span>. Heṭṭhāpissa attho vuttoyeva. Dvinnaṃ antānaṃ ekantagatattāpi <span class="bld">diṭṭhigataṃ</span>. Sā eva diṭṭhi duratikkamanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">diṭṭhigahanaṃ</span> tiṇagahanavanagahanapabbatagahanāni viya. Sāsaṅkasappaṭibhayaṭṭhena <span class="bld">diṭṭhikantāraṃ</span> corakantāravāḷakantāranirudakakantāradubbhikkhakantārā viya. Dhammasaṅgaṇiyaṃ ‘‘diṭṭhikantāro’’ti sakaliṅgeneva āgataṃ. Sammādiṭṭhiyā vinivijjhanaṭṭhena paṭilomaṭṭhena ca <span class="bld">diṭṭhivisūkaṃ</span>. Micchādassanañhi uppajjamānaṃ sammādassanaṃ vinivijjhati ceva vilometi ca. Dhammasaṅgaṇiyaṃ (dha. sa. 392, 1105) ‘‘diṭṭhivisūkāyika’’nti <a name="V2.0041"></a> āgataṃ. Kadāci sassatassa, kadāci ucchedassa gahaṇato diṭṭhiyā virūpaṃ phanditanti <span class="bld">diṭṭhivipphanditaṃ</span>. Diṭṭhigatiko hi ekasmiṃ patiṭṭhātuṃ na sakkoti, kadāci sassataṃ anussarati, kadāci ucchedaṃ. Diṭṭhiyeva anatthe saṃyojetīti <span class="bld">diṭṭhisaññojanaṃ</span>. Diṭṭhiyeva antotudanaṭṭhena dunnīharaṇīyaṭṭhena ca sallanti <span class="bld">diṭṭhisallaṃ</span><a name="P2.0440"></a><a name="M2.0046"></a>. Diṭṭhiyeva pīḷākaraṇaṭṭhena sambādhoti <span class="bld">diṭṭhisambādho</span>. Diṭṭhiyeva mokkhāvaraṇaṭṭhena palibodhoti <span class="bld">diṭṭhipalibodho</span>. Diṭṭhiyeva dummocanīyaṭṭhena bandhananti <span class="bld">diṭṭhibandhanaṃ</span>. Diṭṭhiyeva duruttaraṭṭhena papātoti <span class="bld">diṭṭhipapāto</span>. Diṭṭhiyeva thāmagataṭṭhena anusayoti <span class="bld">diṭṭhānusayo</span>. Diṭṭhiyeva attānaṃ santāpetīti <span class="bld">diṭṭhisantāpo</span>. Diṭṭhiyeva attānaṃ anudahatīti <span class="bld">diṭṭhipariḷāho</span>. Diṭṭhiyeva kilesakāyaṃ ganthetīti <span class="bld">diṭṭhigantho</span>. Diṭṭhiyeva bhusaṃ ādiyatīti <span class="bld">diṭṭhupādānaṃ</span>. Diṭṭhiyeva ‘‘sacca’’ntiādivasena abhinivisatīti <span class="bld">diṭṭhābhiniveso</span>. Diṭṭhiyeva idaṃ paranti āmasati, parato vā āmasatīti <span class="bld">diṭṭhiparāmāso</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para126"></a><span class="paranum">126</span>. Idāni rāsivasena soḷasa diṭṭhiyo uddisanto <span class="bld">katamā soḷasa diṭṭhiyo</span>tiādimāha. Tattha sukhasomanassasaṅkhāte assāde diṭṭhi <span class="bld">assādadiṭṭhi</span>. Attānaṃ anugatā diṭṭhi <span class="bld">attānudiṭṭhi</span>. Natthīti pavattattā viparītā diṭṭhi <span class="bld">micchādiṭṭhi</span>. Sati kāye diṭṭhi, santī vā kāye diṭṭhi <span class="bld">sakkāyadiṭṭhi. Kāyo</span>ti cettha khandhapañcakaṃ, khandhapañcakasaṅkhāto sakkāyo vatthu patiṭṭhā etissāti <span class="bld">sakkāyavatthukā</span>. Sassatanti pavattā diṭṭhi <span class="bld">sassatadiṭṭhi</span>. Ucchedoti pavattā diṭṭhi <span class="bld">ucchedadiṭṭhi</span>. Sassatādiantaṃ gaṇhātīti <span class="bld">antaggāhikā,</span> antaggāho vā assā atthīti antaggāhikā. Atītasaṅkhātaṃ pubbantaṃ anugatā diṭṭhi <span class="bld">pubbantānudiṭṭhi</span>. Anāgatasaṅkhātaṃ aparantaṃ anugatā diṭṭhi <span class="bld">aparantānudiṭṭhi</span>. Anatthe saṃyojetīti <span class="bld">saññojanikā</span>. Ahaṅkāravasena ahanti uppannena mānena diṭṭhiyā mūlabhūtena vinibandhā ghaṭitā uppāditā diṭṭhi <span class="bld">ahanti mānavinibandhā diṭṭhi</span>. Tathā mamaṅkāravasena mamanti uppannena mānena vinibandhā diṭṭhi <span class="bld">mamanti mānavinibandhā diṭṭhi</span>. Attano vadanaṃ kathanaṃ attavādo, tena paṭisaññuttā baddhā diṭṭhi <span class="bld">attavādapaṭisaṃyuttā diṭṭhi</span>. Attānaṃ lokoti vadanaṃ kathanaṃ lokavādo, tena paṭisaññuttā diṭṭhi <span class="bld">lokavādapaṭisaṃyuttā diṭṭhi</span>. Bhavo vuccati sassataṃ, sassatavasena uppajjanadiṭṭhi <span class="bld">bhavadiṭṭhi</span>. Vibhavo vuccati ucchedo, ucchedavasena uppajjanadiṭṭhi <span class="bld">vibhavadiṭṭhi</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para127-128"></a><span class="paranum">127-128</span>. Idāni <a name="P2.0441"></a> tīṇi sataṃ diṭṭhābhinivese niddisitukāmo <span class="bld">katame tīṇi sataṃ diṭṭhābhinivesā</span>ti pucchitvā te avissajjetvāva visuṃ visuṃ abhinivesavissajjaneneva te vissajjetukāmo <span class="bld">assādadiṭṭhiyā, katihākārehi</span> <a name="M2.0047"></a> <span class="bld">abhiniveso hotī</span>tiādinā nayena soḷasannaṃ diṭṭhīnaṃ abhinivesākāragaṇanaṃ pucchitvā puna <span class="bld">assādadiṭṭhiyā pañcatiṃsāya ākārehi abhiniveso hotī</span>ti tāsaṃ soḷasannaṃ diṭṭhīnaṃ abhinivesākāragaṇanaṃ vissajjetvā puna tāni gaṇanāni vissajjento <span class="bld">assādadiṭṭhiyā katamehi pañcatiṃsāya ākārehi abhiniveso</span> <a name="V2.0042"></a> <span class="bld">hotī</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">rūpaṃ paṭiccā</span>ti rūpakkhandhaṃ paṭicca. <span class="bld">Uppajjati sukhaṃ somanassa</span>nti ‘‘ayaṃ me kāyo īdiso’’ti rūpasampadaṃ nissāya gehasitaṃ rāgasampayuttaṃ sukhaṃ somanassaṃ uppajjati. Heṭṭhā vuttenaṭṭhena sukhañca somanassañca. Taṃyeva <span class="bld">rūpassa assādo</span>ti rūpanissayo assādo. Tañhi sukhaṃ taṇhāvasena assādīyati upabhuñjīyatīti assādo. <span class="bld">Abhinivesaparāmāso diṭṭhī</span>ti so assādo sassatoti vā ucchijjissatīti vā sassataṃ vā ucchijjamānaṃ vā attānaṃ sukhitaṃ karotīti vā abhinivesaparāmāso hoti. Tasmā yā ca diṭṭhi yo ca assādoti assādassa diṭṭhibhāvābhāvepi assādaṃ vinā sā diṭṭhi na hotīti katvā ubhayampi samuccitaṃ. <span class="bld">Assādadiṭṭhī</span>ti assāde pavattā diṭṭhīti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni nānāsuttehi saṃsandetvā micchādiṭṭhiṃ micchādiṭṭhikañca garahitukāmo <span class="bld">assādadiṭṭhi micchādiṭṭhī</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">diṭṭhivipattī</span>ti sammādiṭṭhivināsakamicchādiṭṭhisaṅkhātadiṭṭhiyā vipatti. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhivipanno</span>ti vipannā vinaṭṭhā sammādiṭṭhi assāti diṭṭhivipanno, vipannadiṭṭhīti vuttaṃ hoti. Micchādiṭṭhiyā vā vipanno vinaṭṭhoti diṭṭhivipanno. <span class="bld">Na sevitabbo</span> upasaṅkamanena. <span class="bld">Na bhajitabbo</span> cittena. <span class="bld">Na payirupāsitabbo</span> upasaṅkamitvā nisīdanena. <span class="bld">Taṃ kissa hetū</span>ti ‘‘taṃ sevanādikaṃ kena kāraṇena na kātabba’’nti tassa kāraṇapucchā. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhi hissa pāpikā</span>ti kāraṇavissajjanaṃ. Yasmā assa puggalassa diṭṭhi pāpikā, tasmā taṃ sevanādikaṃ na kātabbanti attho. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhiyā rāgo</span>ti ‘‘sundarā me diṭṭhī’’ti diṭṭhiṃ ārabbha diṭṭhiyā uppajjanarāgo<a name="P2.0442"></a>. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhirāgaratto</span>ti tena diṭṭhirāgena raṅgena rattaṃ vatthaṃ viya ratto. <span class="bld">Na mahapphala</span>nti vipākaphalena. <span class="bld">Na mahānisaṃsa</span>nti nissandaphalena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Purisapuggalassā</span>ti purisasaṅkhātassa puggalassa. Lokiyavohārena hi puri vuccati sarīraṃ, tasmiṃ purismiṃ seti pavattatīti puriso, puṃ vuccati <a name="M2.0048"></a> nirayo, taṃ puṃ galati gacchatīti puggalo. Yebhuyyena hi sattā sugatito cutā duggatiyaṃyeva nibbattanti. <span class="bld">Taṃ kissa hetū</span>ti taṃ na mahapphalattaṃ kena kāraṇena hoti. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhi hissa pāpikā</span>ti yasmā assa puggalassa diṭṭhi pāpikā, tasmā na mahapphalaṃ hotīti attho. <span class="bld">Dveva gatiyo</span>ti pañcasu gatīsu dveva gatiyo. Vipajjamānāya diṭṭhiyā <span class="bld">nirayo</span>. Sampajjamānāya <span class="bld">tiracchānayoni. Yañceva kāyakamma</span>nti sakaliṅgadhāraṇapaṭipadānuyogaabhivādanapaccuṭṭhānaañjalikammādi kāyakammaṃ. <span class="bld">Yañca vacīkamma</span>nti sakasamayapariyāpuṇanasajjhāyanadesanāsamādapanādi vacīkammaṃ. <span class="bld">Yañca manokamma</span>nti idhalokacintāpaṭisaṃyuttañca <a name="V2.0043"></a> paralokacintāpaṭisaṃyuttañca katākatacintāpaṭisaṃyuttañca manokammaṃ. Tiṇakaṭṭhadhaññabījesu sattadiṭṭhissa dānānuppadānapaṭiggahaṇaparibhogesu ca kāyavacīmanokammāni. <span class="bld">Yathādiṭṭhī</span>ti yā ayaṃ diṭṭhi, tassānurūpaṃ. <span class="bld">Samatta</span>nti paripuṇṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Samādinna</span>nti gahitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ pana vuttaṃ – tadetaṃ yathādiṭṭhiyaṃ ṭhitakāyakammaṃ, diṭṭhisahajātakāyakammaṃ, diṭṭhānulomikakāyakammanti tividhaṃ hoti. Tattha ‘‘pāṇaṃ hanato adinnaṃ ādiyato micchācarato natthi tatonidānaṃ pāpaṃ, natthi pāpassa āgamo’’ti yaṃ evaṃ diṭṭhikassa sato pāṇātipātaadinnādānamicchācārasaṅkhātaṃ kāyakammaṃ, idaṃ <span class="bld">yathādiṭṭhiyaṃ ṭhitakāyakammaṃ</span> nāma. ‘‘Pāṇaṃ hanato adinnaṃ ādiyato micchācarato natthi tatonidānaṃ pāpaṃ, natthi pāpassa āgamo’’ti yaṃ imāya diṭṭhiyā iminā dassanena sahajātaṃ kāyakammaṃ, idaṃ <span class="bld">diṭṭhisahajātakāyakammaṃ</span> nāma. Tadeva pana samattaṃ samādinnaṃ gahitaṃ parāmaṭṭhaṃ <span class="bld">diṭṭhānulomikakāyakammaṃ</span> nāma. Vacīkammamanokammesupi <a name="P2.0443"></a> eseva nayo. Ettha pana musā bhaṇato pisuṇaṃ bhaṇato pharusaṃ bhaṇato samphaṃ palapato abhijjhāluno byāpannacittassa micchādiṭṭhikassa sato natthi tatonidānaṃ pāpaṃ, natthi pāpassa āgamoti yojanā kātabbā. Liṅgadhāraṇādipariyāpuṇanādilokacintādivasena vuttanayo cettha sundaro.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Cetanādīsu diṭṭhisahajātā cetanā <span class="bld">cetanā</span> nāma. Diṭṭhisahajātā patthanā <span class="bld">patthanā</span> nāma. Cetanāpatthanānaṃ vasena cittaṭṭhapanā <span class="bld">paṇidhi</span> nāma. Tehi pana cetanādīhi sampayuttā phassādayo saṅkhārakkhandhapariyāpannā dhammā <a name="M2.0049"></a> <span class="bld">saṅkhārā</span> nāma. <span class="bld">Aniṭṭhāyā</span>tiādīhi dukkhameva vuttaṃ. Dukkhañhi sukhakāmehi sattehi na esitattā <span class="bld">aniṭṭhaṃ</span>. Appiyattā <span class="bld">akantaṃ</span>. Manassa avaḍḍhanato, manasi avisappanato ca <span class="bld">amanāpaṃ</span>. Āyatiṃ abhaddatāya <span class="bld">ahitaṃ</span>. Pīḷanato <span class="bld">dukkha</span>nti. <span class="bld">Taṃ kissa hetū</span>ti taṃ evaṃ saṃvattanaṃ kena kāraṇena hotīti attho. Idānissa kāraṇaṃ <span class="bld">diṭṭhi hissa pāpikā</span>ti. Yasmā tassa puggalassa diṭṭhi pāpikā lāmakā, tasmā evaṃ saṃvattatīti attho. <span class="bld">Allāya pathaviyā nikkhitta</span>nti udakena tintāya bhūmiyā ropitaṃ. <span class="bld">Pathavīrasaṃ āporasa</span>nti tasmiṃ tasmiṃ ṭhāne pathaviyā ca sampadaṃ āpassa ca sampadaṃ. Bījanikkhittaṭṭhāne hi na sabbā pathavī na sabbo āpo ca bījaṃ phalaṃ gaṇhāpeti. Yo pana tesaṃ padeso bījaṃ phusati, soyeva bījaṃ phalaṃ gaṇhāpeti. Tasmā bījaposanāya paccayabhūtoyeva so padeso pathavīraso āporasoti veditabbo. Rasasaddassa hi sampatti ca attho. Yathāha ‘‘kiccasampattiatthena raso nāma pavuccatī’’ti. Loke ca ‘‘suraso gandhabbo’’ti vutte susampanno gandhabboti attho ñāyati. <span class="bld">Upādiyatī</span>ti gaṇhāti. Yo hi padeso paccayo hoti, taṃ paccayaṃ labhamānaṃ bījaṃ taṃ <a name="V2.0044"></a> gaṇhāti nāma. <span class="bld">Sabbaṃ ta</span>nti sabbaṃ taṃ rasajātaṃ. <span class="bld">Tittakattāyā</span>ti so pathavīraso āporaso ca atittako samānopi tittakaṃ bījaṃ nissāya <a name="P2.0444"></a> nimbarukkhādīnaṃ tesaṃ phalānañca tittakabhāvāya saṃvattati. <span class="bld">Kaṭukattāyā</span>ti idaṃ purimasseva vevacanaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Vaṇṇagandharasūpeto, amboyaṃ ahuvā pure;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tameva pūjaṃ labhamāno, kenambo kaṭukapphalo’’ti. (jā. 1.2.71) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Āgataṭṭhāne viya hi idhāpi tittakameva appiyaṭṭhena kaṭukanti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Asātattāyā</span>ti amadhurabhāvāya. Asāduttāyātipi pāṭho, asādubhāvāyāti attho. <span class="bld">Sādū</span>ti hi madhuraṃ. <span class="bld">Bījaṃ hissā</span>ti assa nimbādikassa bījaṃ. <span class="bld">Evameva</span>nti evaṃ evaṃ. Yasmā sukhā vedanā paramo assādo, tasmā micchādiṭṭhiyā dukkhavedanāvasena ādīnavo dassitoti. Puna aṭṭhārasabhedena diṭṭhiyā ādīnavaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">assādadiṭṭhi micchādiṭṭhī</span>tiādimāha. Taṃ vuttatthameva. <span class="bld">Imehi aṭṭhārasahi ākārehi pariyuṭṭhitacittassa saññogo</span>ti diṭṭhiyā eva saṃsāre bandhanaṃ dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para129"></a><span class="paranum">129</span>. Yasmā <a name="M2.0050"></a> pana diṭṭhibhūtānipi saññojanāni atthi adiṭṭhibhūtānipi, tasmā taṃ pabhedaṃ dassento <span class="bld">atthi saññojanāni cevā</span>tiādimāha. Tattha yasmā kāmarāgasaññojanasseva <span class="bld">anunayasaññojana</span>nti āgataṭṭhānampi atthi, tasmā anunayasaññojananti vuttaṃ. Kāmarāgabhāvaṃ appatvā pavattaṃ lobhaṃ sandhāya etaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Sesakhandhāyatanādimūlakesupi vāresu imināva nayena attho veditabbo. Vedanāparamattā ca assādassa vedanāpariyosānā eva desanā katā. Saññādayo na gahitā. <span class="bld">Imehi pañcatiṃsāya ākārehī</span>ti pañcakkhandhā ajjhattikāyatanādīni pañca chakkāni cāti imāni pañcatiṃsa vatthūni nissāya uppannaassādārammaṇavasena pañcatiṃsāya ākārehi.</p>
<p class="centered">Assādadiṭṭhiniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">2. Attānudiṭṭhiniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para130"></a><span class="paranum">130</span>. Attānudiṭṭhiyaṃ <a name="V2.0045"></a><a name="P2.0445"></a> <span class="bld">assutavā puthujjano</span>ti āgamādhigamābhāvā ñeyyo assutavā iti. Yassa hi khandhadhātuāyatanasaccapaccayākārasatipaṭṭhānādīsu uggahaparipucchāvinicchayavirahitattā attānudiṭṭhipaṭisedhakaro neva āgamo, paṭipattiyā adhigantabbassa anadhigatattā na ca adhigamo atthi, so āgamādhigamānaṃ abhāvā ñeyyo assutavā iti. <span class="bld">Suta</span>nti hi buddhavacanāgamo ca sutaphalattā hetuvohāravasena adhigamo ca, taṃ sutaṃ assa atthīti sutavā, na sutavā assutavā. Svāyaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">Puthūnaṃ jananādīhi, kāraṇehi puthujjano;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Puthujjanantogadhattā, puthuvāyaṃ jano iti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">So hi puthūnaṃ nānappakārānaṃ kilesādīnaṃ jananādīhi kāraṇehi <span class="bld">puthujjano</span>. Yathāha – ‘‘puthu kilese janentīti puthujjanā, puthu avihatasakkāyadiṭṭhikāti puthujjanā, puthu satthārānaṃ mukhullokikāti puthujjanā, puthu sabbagatīhi avuṭṭhitāti puthujjanā, puthu nānābhisaṅkhāre abhisaṅkharontīti puthujjanā, puthu nānāoghehi vuyhantīti puthujjanā, puthu <a name="M2.0051"></a> nānāsantāpehi santappentīti puthujjanā, puthu nānāpariḷāhehi paridayhantīti puthujjanā, puthu pañcasu kāmaguṇesu rattā giddhā gadhitā mucchitā ajjhosannā laggā laggitā palibuddhāti puthujjanā, puthu pañcahi nīvaraṇehi āvutā nivutā ovutā pihitā paṭicchannā paṭikujjitāti puthujjanā’’ti (mahāni. 94). Puthūnaṃ vā gaṇanapathamatītānaṃ ariyadhammaparammukhānaṃ nīcadhammasamudācārānaṃ janānaṃ antogadhattāpi puthujjanā, puthu vā ayaṃ, visuṃyeva saṅkhaṃ <a name="P2.0446"></a> gato visaṃsaṭṭho sīlasutādiguṇayuttehi ariyehi janotipi puthujjano. Evametehi ‘‘assutavā puthujjano’’ti dvīhi padehi ye te –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Duve puthujjanā vuttā, buddhenādiccabandhunā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Andho puthujjano eko, kalyāṇeko puthujjano’’ti. –</p>
<p class="unindented">Dve puthujjanā vuttā, tesu andhaputhujjano vutto hotīti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ariyānaṃ</span> <a name="V2.0046"></a> <span class="bld">adassāvī</span>tiādīsu <span class="bld">ariyā</span>ti ārakattā kilesehi, anaye na iriyanato, aye ca iriyanato, sadevakena ca lokena araṇīyato buddhā ca paccekabuddhā ca buddhasāvakā ca vuccanti, buddhā eva vā idha ariyā. Yathāha – ‘‘sadevake, bhikkhave, loke…pe… tathāgato ariyoti vuccatī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.1098).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sappurisā</span>ti ettha pana paccekabuddhā tathāgatasāvakā ca ‘‘sappurisā’’ti veditabbā. Te hi lokuttaraguṇayogena sobhanā purisāti sappurisā. Sabbeyeva vā ete dvedhāpi vuttā. Buddhāpi hi ariyā ca sappurisā ca paccekabuddhā buddhasāvakāpi. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yo ve kataññū katavedi dhīro, kalyāṇamitto daḷhabhatti ca hoti;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Dukhitassa sakkacca karoti kiccaṃ, tathāvidhaṃ sappurisaṃ vadantī’’ti. (jā. 2.17.78);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha hi ‘‘kataññū katavedi dhīro’’ti paccekasambuddho vutto, ‘‘kalyāṇamitto daḷhabhatti cā’’ti buddhasāvako, ‘‘dukhitassa sakkacca karoti kicca’’nti sammāsambuddhoti. Idāni yo tesaṃ ariyānaṃ adassanasīlo<a name="M2.0052"></a>, na ca dassane sādhukārī, so ‘‘ariyānaṃ adassāvī’’ti veditabbo. So ca cakkhunā adassāvī ñāṇena adassāvīti duvidho. Tesu ñāṇena adassāvī <a name="P2.0447"></a> idhādhippeto. Maṃsacakkhunā hi dibbacakkhunā vā ariyā diṭṭhāpi adiṭṭhāva honti tesaṃ cakkhūnaṃ vaṇṇamattagahaṇato na ariyabhāvagocarato. Soṇasiṅgālādayopi hi cakkhunā ariye passanti, na ca te ariyānaṃ dassāvino, tasmā cakkhunā dassanaṃ na dassanaṃ, ñāṇena dassanameva dassanaṃ. Yathāha – ‘‘kiṃ te, vakkali, iminā pūtikāyena diṭṭhena, yo kho, vakkali, dhammaṃ passati, so maṃ passatī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 3.87). Tasmā cakkhunā passantopi ñāṇena ariyehi diṭṭhaṃ aniccādilakkhaṇaṃ apassanto ariyādhigatañca dhammaṃ anadhigacchanto ariyakaradhammānaṃ ariyabhāvassa ca adiṭṭhattā ‘‘ariyānaṃ adassāvī’’ti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ariyadhammassa akovido</span>ti satipaṭṭhānādibhede ariyadhamme akusalo. <span class="bld">Ariyadhamme avinīto</span>ti ettha pana –</p>
<p class="gatha1">Duvidho <a name="V2.0047"></a> vinayo nāma, ekamekettha pañcadhā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Abhāvato tassa ayaṃ, ‘‘avinīto’’ti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ayañhi saṃvaravinayo pahānavinayoti duvidho vinayo. Ettha ca duvidhepi vinaye ekameko vinayo pañcadhā bhijjati. <span class="bld">Saṃvaravinayo</span>pi hi sīlasaṃvaro, satisaṃvaro, ñāṇasaṃvaro, khantisaṃvaro, vīriyasaṃvaroti pañcavidho. <span class="bld">Pahānavinayo</span>pi tadaṅgappahānaṃ, vikkhambhanappahānaṃ, samucchedappahānaṃ, paṭippassaddhippahānaṃ, nissaraṇappahānanti pañcavidho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha ‘‘iminā pātimokkhasaṃvarena upeto hoti samupeto’’ti (vibha. 511) ayaṃ <span class="bld">sīlasaṃvaro</span>. ‘‘Rakkhati cakkhundriyaṃ cakkhundriye saṃvaraṃ āpajjatī’’ti (dī. ni. 1.213; ma. ni. 1.295; saṃ. ni. 4.239; a. ni. 3.16) ayaṃ <span class="bld">satisaṃvaro</span>.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yāni sotāni lokasmiṃ, (ajitāti bhagavā)</p>
<p class="gatha2">Sati tesaṃ nivāraṇaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sotānaṃ saṃvaraṃ brūmi, paññāyete pidhīyare’’ti. (su. ni. 1041; cūḷani. ajitamāṇavapucchāniddesa 4) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Ayaṃ <a name="M2.0053"></a> <span class="bld">ñāṇasaṃvaro</span>. ‘‘Khamo hoti sītassa uṇhassā’’ti (ma. ni. 1.24; a. ni. 4.114; 6.58) ayaṃ <span class="bld">khantisaṃvaro</span>. ‘‘Uppannaṃ kāmavitakkaṃ nādhivāsetī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.26; a. ni. 4.114; 6.58) ayaṃ <span class="bld">vīriyasaṃvaro</span>. Sabbopi cāyaṃ saṃvaro yathāsakaṃ saṃvaritabbānaṃ vinetabbānañca <a name="P2.0448"></a> kāyaduccaritādīnaṃ saṃvaraṇato ‘‘saṃvaro’’, vinayanato ‘‘vinayo’’ti vuccati. Evaṃ tāva saṃvaravinayo pañcadhā bhijjatīti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā yaṃ nāmarūpaparicchedādīsu vipassanāñāṇesu paṭipakkhabhāvato dīpālokena viya tamassa tena tena vipassanāñāṇena tassa tassa anatthassa pahānaṃ, seyyathidaṃ – nāmarūpavavatthānena sakkāyadiṭṭhiyā, paccayapariggahena ahetuvisamahetudiṭṭhīnaṃ, kaṅkhāvitaraṇena kathaṃkathībhāvassa, kalāpasammasanena ‘‘ahaṃ mamā’’ti gāhassa, maggāmaggavavatthānena amagge maggasaññāya, udayadassanena ucchedadiṭṭhiyā, vayadassanena sassatadiṭṭhiyā, bhayadassanena sabhaye abhayasaññāya, ādīnavadassanena assādasaññāya, nibbidānupassanena abhiratisaññāya, muñcitukamyatāñāṇena amuñcitukamyatāya, upekkhāñāṇena anupekkhāya, anulomañāṇena dhammaṭṭhitiyaṃ <a name="V2.0048"></a> nibbāne ca paṭilomabhāvassa, gotrabhunā saṅkhāranimittagāhassa pahānaṃ, etaṃ <span class="bld">tadaṅgappahānaṃ</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yaṃ pana upacārappanābhedena samādhinā pavattibhāvanivāraṇato ghaṭappahārena viya udakapiṭṭhe sevālassa tesaṃ tesaṃ nīvaraṇādidhammānaṃ pahānaṃ, idaṃ <span class="bld">vikkhambhanappahānaṃ</span> nāma. Yaṃ catunnaṃ ariyamaggānaṃ bhāvitattā taṃtaṃmaggavato attano santāne ‘‘diṭṭhigatānaṃ pahānāyā’’tiādinā (dha. sa. 277; vibha. 628) nayena vuttassa samudayapakkhikassa kilesaggaṇassa accantaappavattibhāvena pahānaṃ, idaṃ <span class="bld">samucchedappahānaṃ</span> nāma. Yaṃ pana phalakkhaṇe paṭippassaddhattaṃ kilesānaṃ, idaṃ <span class="bld">paṭippassaddhippahānaṃ</span> nāma. Yaṃ sabbasaṅkhatanissaṭattā pahīnasabbasaṅkhataṃ nibbānaṃ, idaṃ <span class="bld">nissaraṇappahānaṃ</span> nāma. Sabbampi cetaṃ pahānaṃ yasmā cāgaṭṭhena pahānaṃ, vinayanaṭṭhena vinayo, tasmā ‘‘pahānavinayo’’ti vuccati, taṃtaṃpahānavato vā tassa tassa vinayassa sambhavatopetaṃ ‘‘pahānavinayo’’ti vuccati. Evaṃ pahānavinayopi pañcadhā bhijjatīti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evamayaṃ <a name="P2.0449"></a><a name="M2.0054"></a> saṅkhepato duvidho, pabhedato ca dasavidho vinayo bhinnasaṃvarattā pahātabbassa ca appahīnattā yasmā etassa assutavato puthujjanassa natthi, tasmā abhāvato tassa ayaṃ ‘‘avinīto’’ti vuccatīti. Esa nayo <span class="bld">sappurisānaṃ adassāvī sappurisadhammassa akovido sappurisadhamme avinīto</span>ti etthāpi. Ninnānākāraṇañhi etaṃ atthato. Yathāha – ‘‘yeva te ariyā, teva te sappurisā. Yeva te sappurisā, teva te ariyā. Yova so ariyānaṃ dhammo, sova so sappurisānaṃ dhammo. Yova so sappurisānaṃ dhammo, sova so ariyānaṃ dhammo. Yeva te ariyavinayā, teva te sappurisavinayā. Yeva te sappurisavinayā, teva te ariyavinayā. Ariyeti vā sappuriseti vā, ariyadhammeti vā sappurisadhammeti vā, ariyavinayeti vā sappurisavinayeti vā esese eke ekaṭṭhe same samabhāge tajjāte taññevā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kasmā pana thero <span class="bld">attānudiṭṭhiyā katamehi vīsatiyā ākārehi abhiniveso hotī</span>ti pucchitvā taṃ avissajjetvāva ‘‘idha assutavā puthujjano’’ti evaṃ puthujjanaṃ niddisīti? Puggalādhiṭṭhānāya desanāya taṃ atthaṃ āvikātuṃ paṭhamaṃ puthujjanaṃ niddisīti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para131"></a><span class="paranum">131</span>. Evaṃ puthujjanaṃ niddisitvā idāni abhinivesuddesaṃ dassento <span class="bld">rūpaṃ attato samanupassatī</span>tiādimāha<a name="V2.0049"></a>. Tattha <span class="bld">rūpaṃ attato samanupassatī</span>ti rūpakkhandhaṃ kasiṇarūpañca ‘‘attā’’ti diṭṭhipassanāya samanupassati. Niddese panassa rūpakkhandhe abhiniveso pañcakkhandhādhikārattā pākaṭoti taṃ avatvā kasiṇarūpameva ‘‘rūpa’’nti sāmaññavasena vuttanti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Rūpavantaṃ vā attāna</span>nti arūpaṃ ‘‘attā’’ti gahetvā taṃ attānaṃ rūpavantaṃ samanupassati. <span class="bld">Attani vā rūpa</span>nti arūpameva ‘‘attā’’ti gahetvā tasmiṃ attani rūpaṃ samanupassati. <span class="bld">Rūpasmiṃ vā attāna</span>nti arūpameva ‘‘attā’’ti gahetvā taṃ attānaṃ rūpasmiṃ samanupassati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="P2.0450"></a> <span class="bld">rūpaṃ attato samanupassatī</span>ti suddharūpameva ‘‘attā’’ti kathitaṃ. <span class="bld">Rūpavantaṃ vā attānaṃ, attani vā rūpaṃ, rūpasmiṃ vā attānaṃ, vedanaṃ attato samanupassati, saññaṃ, saṅkhāre, viññāṇaṃ attato samanupassatī</span>ti imesu sattasu ṭhānesu arūpaṃ ‘‘attā’’ti kathitaṃ. <span class="bld">Vedanāvantaṃ vā attānaṃ, attani vā vedanaṃ, vedanāya vā attāna</span>nti evaṃ catūsu khandhesu tiṇṇaṃ tiṇṇaṃ <a name="M2.0055"></a> vasena dvādasasu ṭhānesu rūpārūpamissako attā kathito. Tā pana vīsatipi diṭṭhiyo maggāvaraṇā, na saggāvaraṇā, sotāpattimaggavajjhā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni taṃ niddisanto <span class="bld">kathaṃ rūpa</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">pathavīkasiṇa</span>nti pathavīmaṇḍalaṃ nissāya uppāditaṃ paṭibhāganimittasaṅkhātaṃ sakalapharaṇavasena pathavīkasiṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Aha</span>nti attānameva sandhāya gaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Atta</span>nti attānaṃ. <span class="bld">Advaya</span>nti ekameva. <span class="bld">Telappadīpassā</span>ti telayuttassa padīpassa. <span class="bld">Jhāyato</span>ti jalato. <span class="bld">Yā acci, so vaṇṇo</span>tiādi acciṃ muñcitvā vaṇṇassa abhāvato vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Yā ca diṭṭhi yañca vatthū</span>ti tadubhayaṃ ekato katvā rūpavatthukā attānudiṭṭhi vuccatīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āpokasiṇā</span>dīni āpādīni nissāya uppāditakasiṇanimittāneva. Paricchinnākāsakasiṇaṃ pana rūpajjhānassa ārammaṇaṃ hontampi ākāsakasiṇanti vuccamāne arūpajjhānārammaṇena kasiṇugghāṭimākāsena saṃkiṇṇaṃ hotīti na gahitanti veditabbaṃ. Rūpādhikārattā viññāṇakasiṇaṃ na gahetabbamevāti. <span class="bld">Idhekacco vedanaṃ saññaṃ saṅkhāre viññāṇaṃ attato samanupassatī</span>ti cattāro khandhe abhinditvā ekato gahaṇavasena vuttaṃ. So hi cittacetasikānaṃ visuṃ visuṃ karaṇe asamatthattā sabbe ekato katvā ‘‘attā’’ti gaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Iminā rūpena rūpavā</span>ti ettha sarīrarūpampi kasiṇarūpampi labbhati. <span class="bld">Chāyāsampanno</span>ti chāyāya sampanno aviraḷo. <span class="bld">Tamenā</span>ti ettha ena-saddo nipātamattaṃ, tametanti vā attho. <span class="bld">Chāyāvā</span>ti vijjamānacchāyo<a name="V2.0050"></a>. Rūpaṃ attāti <a name="P2.0451"></a> aggahitepi rūpaṃ amuñcitvā diṭṭhiyā uppannattā <span class="bld">rūpavatthukā</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Attani rūpaṃ samanupassatī</span>ti sarīrarūpassa kasiṇarūpassa ca cittanissitattā tasmiṃ arūpasamudāye attani taṃ rūpaṃ samanupassati. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ gandho</span>ti ghāyitagandhaṃ āha. <span class="bld">Imasmiṃ pupphe</span>ti pupphanissitattā gandhassa evamāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rūpasmiṃ attānaṃ samanupassatī</span>ti yattha rūpaṃ gacchati, tattha cittaṃ gacchati. Tasmā rūpanissitaṃ cittaṃ gahetvā taṃ arūpasamudāyaṃ attānaṃ tasmiṃ rūpe samanupassati. Oḷārikattā rūpassa oḷārikādhāraṃ karaṇḍakamāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para132"></a><span class="paranum">132</span>. <span class="bld">Idhekacco</span> <a name="M2.0056"></a> <span class="bld">cakkhusamphassajaṃ vedana</span>ntiādīsu visuṃ visuṃ vedanāya diṭṭhigahaṇe asatipi vedanāti ekaggahaṇena gahite sabbāsaṃ vedanānaṃ antogadhattā visuṃ visuṃ gahitā eva hontīti visuṃ visuṃ yojanā katāti veditabbā. So hi anubhavanavasena vedanāya oḷārikattā vedanaṃyeva ‘‘attā’’ti gaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Saññaṃ saṅkhāre viññāṇaṃ rūpaṃ attato samanupassatī</span>ti saññādayo arūpadhamme rūpañca ekato katvā ‘‘attā’’ti samanupassati. Ummattako viya hi puthujjano yathā yathā upaṭṭhāti, tathā tathā gaṇhāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para133"></a><span class="paranum">133</span>. <span class="bld">Cakkhusamphassajaṃ sañña</span>ntiādīsu sañjānanavasena saññāya pākaṭattā saññaṃ ‘‘attā’ti gaṇhāti. Sesaṃ vedanāya vuttanayena veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para134"></a><span class="paranum">134</span>. <span class="bld">Cakkhusamphassajaṃ cetana</span>ntiādīsu saṅkhārakkhandhapariyāpannesu dhammesu cetanāya padhānattā pākaṭattā ca cetanā eva niddiṭṭhā. Tāya itarepi niddiṭṭhāva honti. So pana cetasikabhāvavasena pākaṭattā cetanaṃ ‘‘attā’’ti gaṇhāti. Sesaṃ vuttanayameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para135"></a><span class="paranum">135</span>. <span class="bld">Cakkhuviññāṇa</span>ntiādīsu vijānanavasena cittassa pākaṭattā cittaṃ ‘‘attā’’ti gaṇhāti. Sesametthāpi vuttanayameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Attānudiṭṭhiniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">3. Micchādiṭṭhiniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para136"></a><span class="paranum">136</span>. <span class="bld">Micchādiṭṭhi</span> <a name="V2.0051"></a><a name="P2.0452"></a> heṭṭhā vuttatthāyeva. Ayaṃ pana aparo nayo – <span class="bld">natthi dinna</span>nti ucchedadiṭṭhikattā dānaphalaṃ paṭikkhipati. <span class="bld">Natthi yiṭṭha</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">yiṭṭha</span>nti khuddakayañño. <span class="bld">Huta</span>nti mahāyañño. Dvinnampi phalaṃ paṭikkhipati. <span class="bld">Natthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko</span>ti dānaphalassa paṭikkhittattā sīlādīnaṃ puññakammānaṃ, pāṇātipātādīnaṃ pāpakammānaṃ phalaṃ paṭikkhipati. <span class="bld">Natthi ayaṃ loko</span>ti pure katena kammunā. <span class="bld">Natthi paro loko</span>ti idha katena kammunā. <span class="bld">Natthi mātā, natthi pitā</span>ti tesu katakammānaṃ phalaṃ paṭikkhipati. <span class="bld">Natthi sattā opapātikā</span>ti kammahetukaṃ upapattiṃ paṭikkhipati. <span class="bld">Natthi loke samaṇabrāhmaṇā…pe… pavedentī</span>ti idhalokaparaloke passituṃ abhiññāpaṭilābhāya paṭipadaṃ paṭikkhipati. Idha pāḷiyaṃ pana <span class="bld">natthi dinnanti vatthū</span>ti natthi dinnanti vuccamānaṃ dānaṃ, tassā diṭṭhiyā vatthūti attho<a name="M2.0057"></a>. <span class="bld">Evaṃvādo micchā</span>ti evaṃ natthi dinnanti vādo vacanaṃ micchā viparītoti attho.</p>
<p class="centered">Micchādiṭṭhiniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">4. Sakkāyadiṭṭhiniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para137"></a><span class="paranum">137</span>. <span class="bld">Sakkāyadiṭṭhi</span> pana attānudiṭṭhiyeva, aññattha āgatapariyāyavacanadassanatthaṃ vuttāti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="centered">Sakkāyadiṭṭhiniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">5. Sassatadiṭṭhiniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para138"></a><span class="paranum">138</span>. <span class="bld">Sakkāyavatthukāya sassatadiṭṭhiyā</span>ti kammadhārayasamāso. <span class="bld">Rūpavantaṃ vā attāna</span>ntiādīnaṃ pannarasannaṃ vacanānaṃ ante samanupassatīti sambandho kātabbo, pāṭho vā. Aññathā hi na ghaṭīyatīti. Evaṃ ‘‘rūpavantaṃ vā attānaṃ samanupassatī’’ti ekameva dassetvā sesā cuddasa saṃkhittā.</p>
<p class="centered">Sassatadiṭṭhiniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">6. Ucchedadiṭṭhiniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para139"></a><span class="paranum">139</span>. <span class="bld">Sakkāyavatthukāya</span> <a name="V2.0052"></a> <span class="bld">ucchedadiṭṭhiyā</span> evaṃ ‘‘rūpaṃ attato samanupassatī’’ti ekameva dassetvā sesā catasso saṃkhittā.</p>
<p class="centered">Ucchedadiṭṭhiniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">7. Antaggāhikādiṭṭhiniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para140"></a><span class="paranum">140</span>. <span class="bld">Antaggāhikāya diṭṭhiyā</span> paṭhamavāre ākārapucchā. Dutiye ākāragahaṇaṃ. Tatiye ākāravissajjanaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">loko</span>ti attā. <span class="bld">So anto</span>ti aññamaññapaṭipakkhesu sassatucchedantesu <a name="P2.0453"></a> sassataggāhe sassatanto, asassataggāhe ucchedanto. <span class="bld">Parittaṃ okāsa</span>nti suppamattaṃ vā sarāvamattaṃ vā khuddakaṃ ṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Nīlakato pharatī</span>ti nīlanti ārammaṇaṃ karoti. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ loko</span>ti attānaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Parivaṭumo</span>ti samantato paricchedavā. <span class="bld">Antasaññī</span>ti antavātisaññī. Anto assa atthīti antoti gahetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Yaṃ pharatī</span>ti yaṃ kasiṇarūpaṃ pharati. <span class="bld">Taṃ vatthu ceva loko cā</span>ti taṃ kasiṇarūpaṃ ārammaṇañceva ālokiyaṭṭhena loko ca. <span class="bld">Yena pharatī</span>ti yena cittena pharati. <span class="bld">So attā ceva loko cā</span>ti attānamapekkhitvā pulliṅgaṃ kataṃ, taṃ cittaṃ attā ceva ālokanaṭṭhena loko cāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Antavā</span>ti anto. <span class="bld">Okāsakato pharatī</span>ti ālokakasiṇavasena tejokasiṇavasena <a name="M2.0058"></a> odātakasiṇavasena vā obhāsoti pharati. Nīlādīnaṃ pañcannaṃ pabhassarakasiṇānaṃyeva gahitattā pathavīāpovāyokasiṇavasena attābhiniveso na hotīti gahetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vipulaṃ okāsa</span>nti khalamaṇḍalamattādivasena mahantaṃ ṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Anantavā</span>ti vuddhaanantavā. <span class="bld">Apariyanto</span>ti vuddhaapariyanto. <span class="bld">Anantasaññī</span>ti anantotisaññī. <span class="bld">Taṃ jīva</span>nti so jīvo. Liṅgavipallāso kato. <span class="bld">Jīvo</span>ti ca attā eva. Rūpādīni pañcapi parivaṭumaṭṭhena sarīraṃ. <span class="bld">Jīvaṃ na sarīra</span>nti attasaṅkhāto jīvo rūpasaṅkhātaṃ sarīraṃ na hoti. Esa nayo vedanādīsu. <span class="bld">Tathāgato</span>ti satto. Arahanti eke. <span class="bld">Paraṃ maraṇā</span>ti maraṇato uddhaṃ, paraloketi attho. <span class="bld">Rūpaṃ idheva maraṇadhamma</span>nti attano pākaṭakkhandhasīsena pañcakkhandhaggahaṇaṃ, taṃ imasmiṃyeva loke nassanapakatikanti attho. Sesakkhandhesupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Kāyassa bhedā</span>ti khandhapañcakasaṅkhātassa kāyassa <a name="V2.0053"></a> bhedato paraṃ. Iminā vacanena ‘‘paraṃ maraṇā’’ti etassa uddesassa attho vutto. <span class="bld">Hotipī</span>tiādīsu <span class="bld">hotī</span>ti mūlapadaṃ. Catūsupi api-saddo samuccayattho. <span class="bld">Tiṭṭhatī</span>ti sassatattā tiṭṭhati, na cavatīti attho. ‘‘Hotī’’ti padassa vā atthavisesanatthaṃ ‘‘tiṭṭhatī’’ti <a name="P2.0454"></a> padaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Uppajjatī</span>ti aṇḍajajalābujayonipavesavasena uppajjati nāma, <span class="bld">nibbattatī</span>ti saṃsedajaopapātikayonipavesavasena nibbattati nāmāti atthayojanā veditabbā. <span class="bld">Ucchijjatī</span>ti pabandhābhāvavasena. <span class="bld">Vinassatī</span>ti bhaṅgavasena. <span class="bld">Na hoti paraṃ maraṇā</span>ti purimapadānaṃ atthavivaraṇaṃ, cutito uddhaṃ na vijjatīti attho. <span class="bld">Hoti ca na ca hotī</span>ti ekaccasassatikānaṃ diṭṭhi, ekena pariyāyena hoti, ekena pariyāyena na hotīti attho. Jīvabhāvena hoti, pubbajīvassa abhāvena na hotīti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Neva hoti na na hotī</span>ti amarāvikkhepikānaṃ diṭṭhi, hotīti ca neva hoti, na hotīti ca na hotīti attho. Anuvādabhayā musāvādabhayā ca mandattā momūhattā ca pubbavuttanayassa paṭikkhepamattaṃ karoti. <span class="bld">Imehi paññāsāya ākārehī</span>ti yathāvuttānaṃ dasannaṃ pañcakānaṃ vasena paññāsāya ākārehīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Antaggāhikādiṭṭhiniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">8. Pubbantānudiṭṭhiniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para141"></a><span class="paranum">141</span>. Pubbantāparantānudiṭṭhīsu <a name="M2.0059"></a> sassataṃ vadantīti <span class="bld">sassatavādā</span>. Atha vā vadanti etenāti vādo, diṭṭhigatassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Sassatanti vādopi sassatayogena sassato, sassato vādo etesanti sassatavādā. Tathā ekaccaṃ sassatanti vādo ekaccasassato, so etesaṃ atthīti <span class="bld">ekaccasassatikā</span>. Tathā antavā, anantavā, antavā ca anantavā ca, nevantavā nānantavāti pavatto vādo antānanto, so etesaṃ atthīti <span class="bld">antānantikā</span>. Na maratīti amarā. Kā sā? ‘‘Evampi me no’’tiādinā (dī. ni. 1.62-63) nayena pariyantarahitassa diṭṭhigatikassa diṭṭhi ceva vācā ca. Vividho khepo vikkhepo, amarāya diṭṭhiyā, vācāya vā vikkhepo amarāvikkhepo, so etesaṃ atthīti <span class="bld">amarāvikkhepikā</span>. Aparo nayo – amarā nāma macchajāti<a name="P2.0455"></a>, sā ummujjananimujjanādivasena udake sandhāvamānā gahetuṃ na sakkā hoti, evamevaṃ ayampi vādo ito cito ca sandhāvati, gāhaṃ na upagacchatīti amarāvikkhepoti vuccati, so etesaṃ atthīti amarāvikkhepikā. <span class="bld">Adhiccasamuppanno</span>ti <a name="V2.0054"></a> akāraṇasamuppanno attā ca loko cāti dassanaṃ adhiccasamuppannaṃ, taṃ etesaṃ atthīti <span class="bld">adhiccasamuppannikā</span>.</p>
<p class="centered">Pubbantānudiṭṭhiniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">9. Aparantānudiṭṭhiniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para142"></a><span class="paranum">142</span>. Saññiṃ vadantīti <span class="bld">saññīvādā</span>. Asaññiṃ vadantīti <span class="bld">asaññīvādā</span>. Nevasaññīnāsaññiṃ vadantīti <span class="bld">nevasaññīnāsaññīvādā</span>. Atha vā saññīti pavatto vādo saññīvādo, so yesaṃ atthīti te saññīvādā, tathā asaññīvādā, nevasaññīnāsaññīvādā ca. Ucchedaṃ vadantīti <span class="bld">ucchedavādā. Diṭṭhadhammo</span>ti paccakkhadhammo, tattha tattha paṭiladdhaattabhāvassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Diṭṭhadhamme nibbānaṃ diṭṭhadhammanibbānaṃ, imasmiṃyeva attabhāve dukkhavūpasamoti attho, taṃ vadantīti <span class="bld">diṭṭhadhammanibbānavādā</span>. Imasmiṃ panatthe vitthāriyamāne sāṭṭhakathaṃ sakalaṃ brahmajālasuttaṃ vattabbaṃ hoti. Evañca sati atipapañco hotīti na vitthārito. Tadatthikehi taṃ apekkhitvā gahetabbo.</p>
<p class="centered">Aparantānudiṭṭhiniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">10-12. Saññojanikādidiṭṭhiniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para143"></a><span class="paranum">143</span>. Yasmā <a name="M2.0060"></a> saññojanikā diṭṭhi sabbadiṭṭhisādhāraṇā, tasmā tassā sabbadiṭṭhisaññojanattā sabbadiṭṭhisādhāraṇo attho niddiṭṭho. So heṭṭhā vuttadiṭṭhipariyuṭṭhānāneva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para144"></a><span class="paranum">144</span>. Mānavinibandhadiṭṭhīsu <span class="bld">cakkhu ahanti abhinivesaparāmāso</span>ti mānapubbako abhinivesaparāmāso. Na hi diṭṭhi mānasampayuttā hoti. Teneva ca mānavinibandhāti vuttaṃ, mānapaṭibandhā mānamūlakāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para145"></a><span class="paranum">145</span>. <span class="bld">Cakkhu mamanti abhinivesaparāmāso</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo. Ettha pana ‘‘mamā’’ti vattabbe ‘‘mama’’nti anunāsikāgamo veditabbo. ‘‘Aha’’nti mānavinibandhāya <a name="P2.0456"></a><a name="V2.0055"></a> rūpādīnipi ajjhattikāneva. Na hi kasiṇarūpaṃ vinā bāhirāni ‘‘aha’’nti gaṇhāti. ‘‘Mama’’nti mānavinibandhāya pana bāhirānipi labbhanti. Bāhirānipi hi ‘‘mama’’nti gaṇhāti. Yasmā pana dukkhā vedanā aniṭṭhattā mānavatthu na hoti, tasmā cha vedanā tāsaṃ mūlapaccayā cha phassā ca na gahitā. Saññādayo pana idha pacchinnattā na gahitāti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="centered">Saṃyojanikādidiṭṭhiniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">13. Attavādapaṭisaṃyuttadiṭṭhiniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para146"></a><span class="paranum">146</span>. <span class="bld">Attavādapaṭisaṃyuttā diṭṭhi</span> attānudiṭṭhiyeva. Attāti vādena paṭisaṃyuttattā puna evaṃ vuttā.</p>
<p class="centered">Attavādapaṭisaṃyuttadiṭṭhiniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">14. Lokavādapaṭisaṃyuttadiṭṭhiniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para147"></a><span class="paranum">147</span>. <span class="bld">Attā ca loko cā</span>ti so eva attā ca ālokanaṭṭhena loko cāti attho. <span class="bld">Sassato</span>ti sassatavādānaṃ diṭṭhi. <span class="bld">Asassato</span>ti ucchedavādānaṃ. <span class="bld">Sassato ca asassato cā</span>ti ekaccasassatikānaṃ. <span class="bld">Neva sassato nāsassato</span>ti amarāvikkhepikānaṃ. <span class="bld">Antavā</span>ti parittakasiṇalābhīnaṃ takkikānañca nigaṇṭhājīvikānañca. Atha vā ucchedavādino ‘‘satto jātiyā pubbantavā, maraṇena aparantavā’’ti vadanti. Adhiccasamuppannikā ‘‘satto jātiyā pubbantavā’’ti vadanti. <span class="bld">Anantavā</span>ti appamāṇakasiṇalābhīnaṃ. Sassatavādino pana ‘‘pubbantāparantā natthi, tena anantavā’’ti vadanti. Adhiccasamuppannikā ‘‘aparantena anantavā’’ti vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Antavā</span> <a name="M2.0061"></a> <span class="bld">ca anantavā cā</span>ti uddhamadho avaḍḍhitvā tiriyaṃ vaḍḍhitakasiṇānaṃ. <span class="bld">Neva antavā na anantavā</span>ti amarāvikkhepikānaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Lokavādapaṭisaṃyuttadiṭṭhiniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">15-16. Bhavavibhavadiṭṭhiniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para148"></a><span class="paranum">148</span>. Bhavavibhavadiṭṭhīnaṃ <a name="V2.0056"></a> yathāvuttadiṭṭhito visuṃ abhinivesābhāvato visuṃ niddesaṃ akatvā yathāvuttadiṭṭhīnaṃyeva vasena ‘‘olīyanaṃ atidhāvana’’nti ekekaṃ ākāraṃ niddisituṃ pucchaṃ akatvā ca <span class="bld">olīyanābhiniveso bhavadiṭṭhi, atidhāvanābhiniveso vibhavadiṭṭhī</span>ti āha. Tattha ‘‘bhavanirodhāya dhamme desiyamāne cittaṃ na pakkhandatī’’ti (itivu. 49) vuttaolīyanābhiniveso, sassatasaññāya nibbānato saṅkocanābhinivesoti attho. ‘‘Bhaveneva kho paneke aṭṭīyamānā harāyamānā <a name="P2.0457"></a> jigucchamānā vibhavaṃ abhinandantī’’ti vuttaatidhāvanābhiniveso, ucchedasaññāya nirodhagāminipaṭipadātikkamanābhinivesoti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni tāva bhavavibhavadiṭṭhiyo sabbadiṭṭhīsu yojetvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">assādadiṭṭhiyā</span>tiādimāha. Tattha yasmā assādadiṭṭhikā sassataṃ vā ucchedaṃ vā nissāya ‘‘natthi kāmesu doso’’ti gaṇhanti, tasmā pañcatiṃsākārāpi assādadiṭṭhiyo <span class="bld">siyā bhavadiṭṭhiyo, siyā vibhavadiṭṭhiyo</span>ti vuttā. Tattha yasmā ekekāpi diṭṭhiyo sassataggāhavasena bhavadiṭṭhiyo bhaveyyuṃ, ucchedaggāhavasena vibhavadiṭṭhiyo bhaveyyunti attho. Attānudiṭṭhiyā rūpaṃ attato samanupassati, vedanaṃ… saññaṃ… saṅkhāre… viññāṇaṃ attato samanupassatīti pañcasu rūpādito attano anaññattā tesu ucchinnesu attā ucchinnoti gahaṇato <span class="bld">pañca vibhavadiṭṭhiyo</span>ti vuttaṃ. Sesesu pañcadasasu ṭhānesu rūpādito attano aññattā tesu ucchinnesupi ‘‘attā sassatoti gahaṇato <span class="bld">pannarasa bhavadiṭṭhiyo</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Micchādiṭṭhiyā ‘‘sabbāva tā vibhavadiṭṭhiyo’’ti ucchedavasena pavattattā antavānantavādiṭṭhīsu parittārammaṇaappamāṇārammaṇajhānalābhino dibbacakkhunā rūpadhātuyā cavitvā satte aññattha upapanne passitvā bhavadiṭṭhiṃ apassitvā vibhavadiṭṭhiṃ gaṇhanti. Tasmā tattha <span class="bld">siyā bhavadiṭṭhiyo, siyā</span> <span class="bld">vibhavadiṭṭhiyo</span>ti <a name="M2.0062"></a> vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Hoti ca na ca hotī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">hoti cā</span>ti bhavadiṭṭhi, <span class="bld">na ca hotī</span>ti vibhavadiṭṭhi. <span class="bld">Neva hoti na na hotī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">neva hotī</span>ti vibhavadiṭṭhi, <span class="bld">na na hotī</span>ti bhavadiṭṭhi. Tasmā tattha ‘‘siyā’’ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pubbantānudiṭṭhiyā ekaccasassatikā sassatañca paññapenti, asassatañca paññapenti. Tasmā sā bhavadiṭṭhi ca vibhavadiṭṭhi ca hoti. Cattāro antānantikā antānantaṃ attānaṃ paññapenti<a name="V2.0057"></a>. Tasmā sā attānudiṭṭhisadisā bhavadiṭṭhi ca vibhavadiṭṭhi ca. Cattāro amarāvikkhepikā bhavadiṭṭhiṃ vā vibhavadiṭṭhiṃ vā nissāya vācāvikkhepaṃ āpajjanti, avasesā pana bhavadiṭṭhiyova. Tasmā te te sandhāya <a name="P2.0458"></a> ‘‘siyā’’ti vuttaṃ. Aparantānudiṭṭhiyā satta ucchedavādā vibhavadiṭṭhiyo, avasesā bhavadiṭṭhiyo. Tasmā te te sandhāya ‘‘siyā’’ti vuttaṃ. Saññojanikadiṭṭhiyā sabbadiṭṭhīnaṃ vasena ‘‘siyā’’ti vuttaṃ. Ahanti mānavinibandhāya diṭṭhiyā cakkhādīnaṃ ahanti gahitattā tesaṃ vināse attā vinaṭṭho hotīti <span class="bld">sabbāva tā vibhavadiṭṭhiyo</span>ti vuttaṃ. Attānudiṭṭhiyo viya mamanti mānavinibandhāya diṭṭhiyā cakkhādito attano aññattā tesaṃ vināsepi attā na vinassatīti <span class="bld">sabbāva tā bhavadiṭṭhiyo</span>ti vuttaṃ. Lokavādapaṭisaṃyuttāya diṭṭhiyā ‘‘sassato attā ca loko cā’’tiādinā (paṭi. ma. 1.147) nayena vuttattā bhavavibhavadiṭṭhi pākaṭāyeva. Ettāvatā assādadiṭṭhādikā vibhavadiṭṭhipariyosānā soḷasa diṭṭhiyo tīṇisatañca diṭṭhābhinivesā niddiṭṭhā honti. Attānudiṭṭhi ca sakkāyadiṭṭhi ca attavādapaṭisaññuttā diṭṭhi ca atthato ekā pariyāyena tividhā vuttā. Saññojanikā pana diṭṭhi avatthābhedena sabbāpi diṭṭhiyo honti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni <span class="bld">sabbāva tā diṭṭhiyo assādadiṭṭhiyo</span>tiādi aññena pariyāyena yathāyogaṃ diṭṭhisaṃsandanā. Tattha <span class="bld">sabbāva tā diṭṭhiyo</span>ti yathāvuttā anavasesā diṭṭhiyo. Diṭṭhirāgarattattā taṇhāssādanissitattā ca <span class="bld">assādadiṭṭhiyo,</span> attasinehānugatattā <span class="bld">attānudiṭṭhiyo,</span> viparītadassanattā <span class="bld">micchādiṭṭhiyo,</span> khandhavatthukattā <span class="bld">sakkāyadiṭṭhiyo,</span> ekekassa antassa gahitattā <span class="bld">antaggāhikā diṭṭhiyo,</span> anatthasaṃyojanikattā <span class="bld">saññojanikā diṭṭhiyo,</span> attavādena yuttattā <span class="bld">attavādapaṭisaṃyuttā</span> <a name="M2.0063"></a> <span class="bld">diṭṭhiyo</span>ti imā satta diṭṭhiyo sabbadiṭṭhisaṅgāhikā, sesā pana nava diṭṭhiyo na sabbadiṭṭhisaṅgāhikā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni vitthārato vuttā sabbāva tā diṭṭhiyo dvīsuyeva diṭṭhīsu saṅkhipitvā sattānaṃ diṭṭhidvayanissayaṃ dassento <span class="bld">bhavañca diṭṭhi</span>ntigāthamāha. Sabbāpi hi tā diṭṭhiyo bhavadiṭṭhī <a name="P2.0459"></a> vā honti vibhavadiṭṭhī vā. <span class="bld">Bhavañca diṭṭhiṃ vibhavañca diṭṭhi</span>nti ettha pana ca-saddo diṭṭhimeva samuccinoti, na nissayaṃ. Na hi eko bhavavibhavadiṭṭhidvayaṃ nissayati. Yathāha – ‘‘iti bhavadiṭṭhisannissitā vā sattā honti vibhavadiṭṭhisannissitā vā’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.113). <span class="bld">Takkikā</span>ti takkena vadantīti takkikā. Te hi diṭṭhigatikā sabhāvapaṭivedhapaññāya abhāvā kevalaṃ takkena vattanti. Yepi ca jhānalābhino abhiññālābhino vā diṭṭhiṃ gaṇhanti, tepi takketvā gahaṇato takkikā eva. <span class="bld">Nissitāse</span>ti nissitāti attho. Ekameva padaṃ, ‘‘se’’ti <a name="V2.0058"></a> nipātamattaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Tesaṃ nirodhamhi na hatthi ñāṇa</span>nti diṭṭhinissayassa kāraṇavacanametaṃ. Sakkāyadiṭṭhinirodhe nibbāne yasmā tesaṃ ñāṇaṃ natthi, tasmā etaṃ diṭṭhidvayaṃ nissitāti attho. ‘‘Na hi atthi ñāṇa’’nti ettha hi-kāro kāraṇopadese nipāto. <span class="bld">Yatthāyaṃ loko viparītasaññī</span>ti yattha sukhe nirodhamhi ayaṃ sadevako loko ‘‘dukkha’’miti viparītasaññī hoti, tasmiṃ nirodhamhi na hatthi ñāṇanti sambandho. Dukkhamiti viparītasaññitāya idaṃ suttaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Rūpā saddā rasā gandhā, phassā dhammā ca kevalā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Iṭṭhā kantā manāpā ca, yāvatatthīti vuccati.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Sadevakassa lokassa, ete vo sukhasammatā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Yattha cete nirujjhanti, taṃ nesaṃ dukkhasammataṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Sukhanti diṭṭhamariyehi, sakkāyassuparodhanaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Paccanīkamidaṃ hoti, sabbalokena passataṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yaṃ <a name="P2.0460"></a> pare sukhato āhu, tadariyā āhu dukkhato;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Yaṃ pare dukkhato āhu, tadariyā sukhato vidū.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Passa dhammaṃ durājānaṃ, sampamūḷhetthaviddasu;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Nivutānaṃ tamo hoti, andhakāro apassataṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Satañca <a name="M2.0064"></a> vivaṭaṃ hoti, āloko passatāmiva;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Santike na vijānanti, magā dhammassakovidā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Bhavarāgaparetehi, bhavasotānusāribhi;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Māradheyyānupannehi, nāyaṃ dhammo susambudho.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Ko <a name="V2.0059"></a> nu aññatra ariyebhi, padaṃ sambuddhumarahati;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Yaṃ padaṃ sammadaññāya, parinibbanti anāsavā’’ti. (su. ni. 764-771);</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para149"></a><span class="paranum">149</span>. Idāni sabbāsaṃ diṭṭhīnaṃ diṭṭhidvayabhāvaṃ diṭṭhisamugghātakañca sammādiṭṭhiṃ suttato dassetukāmo, <span class="bld">dvīhi bhikkhave</span>ti suttaṃ āhari. Tattha <span class="bld">devā</span>ti brahmānopi vuccanti. <span class="bld">Olīyantī</span>ti saṅkucanti. <span class="bld">Atidhāvantī</span>ti atikkamitvā gacchanti. <span class="bld">Cakkhumanto</span>ti paññavanto. Ca-saddo atirekattho. <span class="bld">Bhavārāmā</span>ti bhavo ārāmo abhiramaṭṭhānaṃ etesanti bhavārāmā. <span class="bld">Bhavaratā</span>ti bhave abhiratā. <span class="bld">Bhavasammuditā</span>ti bhavena santuṭṭhā. <span class="bld">Desiyamāne</span>ti tathāgatena vā tathāgatasāvakena vā desiyamāne. <span class="bld">Na pakkhandatī</span>ti dhammadesanaṃ vā bhavanirodhaṃ vā na pavisati. <span class="bld">Na pasīdatī</span>ti tattha pasādaṃ na pāpuṇāti. <span class="bld">Na santiṭṭhatī</span>ti <a name="P2.0461"></a> tattha na patiṭṭhāti. <span class="bld">Nādhimuccatī</span>ti tattha ghanabhāvaṃ na pāpuṇāti. Ettāvatā sassatadiṭṭhi vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aṭṭīyamānā</span>ti dukkhaṃ pāpuṇamānā. <span class="bld">Harāyamānā</span>ti lajjaṃ pāpuṇamānā. <span class="bld">Jigucchamānā</span>ti jigucchaṃ pāpuṇamānā. <span class="bld">Vibhavaṃ abhinandantī</span>ti ucchedaṃ paṭicca tussanti, ucchedaṃ patthayantīti vā attho. <span class="bld">Kirā</span>ti anussavanatthe nipāto. <span class="bld">Bho</span>ti ālapanametaṃ. <span class="bld">Santa</span>nti nibbutaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṇīta</span>nti dukkhābhāvato paṇītaṃ, padhānabhāvaṃ nītanti vā paṇītaṃ. <span class="bld">Yāthāva</span>nti yathāsabhāvaṃ. Ettāvatā ucchedadiṭṭhi vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Idhā</span>ti imasmiṃ sāsane. <span class="bld">Bhūta</span>nti hetuto sañjātaṃ khandhapañcakasaṅkhātaṃ dukkhaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhūtato passatī</span>ti idaṃ bhūtaṃ dukkhanti passati. <span class="bld">Nibbidāyā</span>ti vipassanatthāya. <span class="bld">Virāgāyā</span>ti ariyamaggatthāya. <span class="bld">Nirodhāyā</span>ti nibbānatthāya. <span class="bld">Paṭipanno hotī</span>ti tadanurūpaṃ paṭipadaṃ paṭipanno hoti. <span class="bld">Evaṃ passantī</span>ti iminā pakārena pubbabhāge lokiyañāṇena, paṭivedhakāle lokuttarañāṇena passanti. Ettāvatā sammādiṭṭhi vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni <a name="M2.0065"></a> dvīhi gāthāhi tassā sammādiṭṭhiyā ānisaṃsaṃ dasseti. Tattha <span class="bld">yo bhūtaṃ bhūtato disvā</span>ti dukkhaṃ pariññābhisamayena abhisametvāti attho. <span class="bld">Bhūtassa ca atikkama</span>nti nirodhaṃ sacchikiriyābhisamayena abhisametvāti attho. <span class="bld">Yathābhūtedhimuccatī</span>ti maggabhāvanābhisamayavasena yathāsabhāve nirodhe ‘‘etaṃ santaṃ, etaṃ paṇīta’’nti adhimuccati. <span class="bld">Bhavataṇhā parikkhayā</span>ti samudayassa pahānenāti attho. Asatipi cettha saccānaṃ nānābhisamayatte ‘‘disvā’’ti pubbakālikavacanaṃ <a name="V2.0060"></a> saddhiṃ pubbabhāgapaṭipadāya vohāravasena vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Na hi pubbaṃ passitvā pacchā adhimuccati. Catusaccābhisamayo samānakālameva hoti. Samānakālepi vā pubbakālikāni padāni bhavantīti na doso. <span class="bld">Sa</span> <a name="P2.0462"></a> <span class="bld">ve</span>ti ekaṃsena so arahaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhūtapariññāto</span>ti dukkhaṃ pariññātavā. <span class="bld">Vītataṇho</span>ti vigatataṇho. <span class="bld">Bhavābhave</span>ti khuddake ca mahante ca bhave. Vuddhiatthepi hi a-kārassa sambhavato <span class="bld">abhavo</span>ti mahābhavo. So pana khuddakamahantabhāvo upādāyupādāya veditabbo. Atha vā <span class="bld">bhave</span>ti sassate. <span class="bld">Abhave</span>ti ucchede. Tadubhayepi diṭṭhirāgābhāvena vītataṇho. <span class="bld">Bhūtassa vibhavā</span>ti vaṭṭadukkhassa samucchedā. <span class="bld">Nāgacchati punabbhava</span>nti arahato parinibbānaṃ vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para150"></a><span class="paranum">150</span>. <span class="bld">Tayo puggalā</span>tiādi micchādiṭṭhikagarahaṇatthaṃ sammādiṭṭhikapasaṃsanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Tattha virūpabhāvaṃ pannā gatā diṭṭhi etesanti <span class="bld">vipannadiṭṭhī</span>. Sundarabhāvaṃ pannā gatā diṭṭhi etesanti <span class="bld">sampannadiṭṭhī. Titthiyo</span>ti titthaṃ vuccati diṭṭhi, taṃ paṭipannattā titthe sādhu, titthaṃ yassa atthīti vā titthiyo. Ito bahiddhā pabbajjūpagato. <span class="bld">Titthiyasāvako</span>ti tesaṃ diṭṭhānugatimāpanno gahaṭṭho. <span class="bld">Yo ca micchādiṭṭhiko</span>ti tadubhayabhāvaṃ anupagantvā yāya kāyaci diṭṭhiyā micchādiṭṭhiko.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tathāgato</span>ti sammāsambuddho. Paccekabuddhopi ettheva saṅgahito. <span class="bld">Tathāgatasāvako</span>ti maggappatto phalappatto ca. <span class="bld">Yo ca sammādiṭṭhiko</span>ti tadubhayavinimutto lokiyasammādiṭṭhiyā sammādiṭṭhiko.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Gāthāsu <span class="bld">kodhano</span>ti yo abhiṇhaṃ kujjhati, so. <span class="bld">Upanāhī</span>ti tameva kodhaṃ vaḍḍhetvā upanandhanasīlo. <span class="bld">Pāpamakkhī</span>ti lāmakabhūtamakkhavā. <span class="bld">Māyāvī</span>ti katapāpapaṭicchādanavā. <span class="bld">Vasalo</span>ti hīnajacco. <span class="bld">Visuddho</span>ti ñāṇadassanavisuddhiyā <a name="M2.0066"></a> visuddho. <span class="bld">Suddhataṃ gato</span>ti maggaphalasaṅkhātaṃ suddhabhāvaṃ gato. <span class="bld">Medhāvī</span>ti paññavā. Imāya gāthāya lokuttarasammādiṭṭhisampanno eva thomito.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vipannadiṭṭhiyo sampannadiṭṭhiyo</span>ti puggalavohāraṃ pahāya dhammameva garahanto thomento ca āha. <span class="bld">Etaṃ mamā</span>ti taṇhāmaññanavasena diṭṭhi. <span class="bld">Esohamasmī</span>ti mānamaññanamūlikā <a name="P2.0463"></a> diṭṭhi. <span class="bld">Eso me attā</span>ti diṭṭhimaññanameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Etaṃ</span> <a name="V2.0061"></a> <span class="bld">mamāti kā diṭṭhī</span>tiādīhi tissannaṃ vipannadiṭṭhīnaṃ vibhāgañca gaṇanañca kālasaṅgahañca pucchitvā vissajjanaṃ kataṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">kā diṭṭhī</span>ti anekāsu diṭṭhīsu katamā diṭṭhīti attho. <span class="bld">Katamantānuggahitā</span>ti pubbantāparantasaṅkhātakāladvaye katamena kālena anuggahitā, anubaddhāti attho. Yasmā ‘‘etaṃ mamā’’ti parāmasanto ‘‘etaṃ mama ahosi, evaṃ mama ahosi, ettakaṃ mama ahosī’’ti atītaṃ vatthuṃ apadisitvā parāmasati, tasmā <span class="bld">pubbantānudiṭṭhi</span> hoti. <span class="bld">Pubbantānuggahitā</span> ca tā diṭṭhiyo honti. Yasmā ‘‘esohamasmī’’ti parāmasanto ‘‘imināhaṃ sīlena vā vatena vā tapena vā brahmacariyena vā esosmi visujjhissāmī’’ti anāgataphalaṃ upādāya parāmasati, tasmā <span class="bld">aparantānudiṭṭhi</span> hoti. <span class="bld">Aparantānuggahitā</span> ca tā diṭṭhiyo honti. Yasmā ‘‘eso me attā’’ti parāmasanto atītānāgataṃ upādinnasantatiṃ upādāya ‘‘eso me attā’’ti parāmasati, sakkāyadiṭṭhivasena ca parāmasati, tasmā sakkāyadiṭṭhi hoti. <span class="bld">Pubbantāparantānuggahitā</span> ca tā diṭṭhiyo honti. Yasmā pana sakkāyadiṭṭhippamukhāyeva dvāsaṭṭhi diṭṭhiyo honti, sakkāyadiṭṭhisamugghāteneva ca dvāsaṭṭhi diṭṭhiyo samugghātaṃ gacchanti, tasmā <span class="bld">sakkāyadiṭṭhippamukhena dvāsaṭṭhi diṭṭhigatānī</span>ti vuttā, sakkāyadiṭṭhippamukhena sakkāyadiṭṭhidvārena dvāsaṭṭhi diṭṭhigatāni hontīti attho. Sakkāyadiṭṭhippamukhānīti pāṭho sundarataro. Sakkāyadiṭṭhi pamukhā ādi etesanti sakkāyadiṭṭhippamukhāni. Kāni tāni? Dvāsaṭṭhi diṭṭhigatāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Kā diṭṭhī’’ti pucchāya vīsativatthukā attānudiṭṭhi, vīsativatthukā sakkāyadiṭṭhīti vissajjanaṃ. ‘‘Kati diṭṭhiyo’’ti pucchāya <a name="P2.0464"></a> sakkāyadiṭṭhippamukhāni dvāsaṭṭhi diṭṭhigatānīti vissajjanaṃ. Sāyeva pana sakkāyadiṭṭhi ‘‘eso me attā’’ti <a name="M2.0067"></a> vacanasāmaññena attānudiṭṭhīti vuttā. Tassā vuttāya attavādapaṭisaññuttā diṭṭhipi vuttāyeva hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para151"></a><span class="paranum">151</span>. <span class="bld">Ye keci, bhikkhave</span>tiādisuttāharaṇaṃ sampannadiṭṭhipuggalasambandhena sampannadiṭṭhipuggalavibhāgadassanatthaṃ kataṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">niṭṭhaṃ gatā</span>ti maggañāṇavasena sammāsambuddho bhagavāti nicchayaṃ gatā, nibbematikāti attho. Niṭṭhāgatāti pāṭho samāsapadaṃ hoti, attho pana soyeva. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhisampannā</span>ti diṭṭhiyā sundarabhāvaṃ gatā. <span class="bld">Idha niṭṭhā</span>ti imissā kāmadhātuyā parinibbānaṃ. <span class="bld">Idha vihāya niṭṭhā</span>ti imaṃ kāmabhavaṃ vijahitvā suddhāvāsabrahmaloke parinibbānaṃ. <span class="bld">Sattakkhattuparamassā</span>ti sattakkhattuṃparamā sattavāraparamā bhavūpapatti attabhāvaggahaṇaṃ assa, tato paraṃ aṭṭhamaṃ bhavaṃ nādiyatīti sattakkhattuparamo. Tassa sattakkhattuparamassa sotāpannassa. <span class="bld">Kolaṃkolassā</span>ti kulato kulaṃ gacchatīti kolaṃkolo. Sotāpattiphalasacchikiriyato hi paṭṭhāya nīce <a name="V2.0062"></a> kule upapatti nāma natthi, mahābhogakulesuyeva nibbattatīti attho. Tassa kolaṃkolassa sotāpannassa. <span class="bld">Ekabījissā</span>ti khandhabījaṃ nāma kathitaṃ. Yassa hi sotāpannassa ekaṃyeva khandhabījaṃ atthi, ekaṃ attabhāvaggahaṇaṃ, so ekabījī nāma. Tassa ekabījissa sotāpannassa. Bhagavatā gahitanāmavasenevetāni etesaṃ nāmāni. Ettakañhi ṭhānaṃ gato sattakkhattuparamo nāma hoti, ettakaṃ kolaṃkolo, ettakaṃ ekabījīti bhagavatā etesaṃ nāmaṃ gahitaṃ. Bhagavā hi ‘‘ayaṃ ettakaṃ ṭhānaṃ gamissati, ayaṃ ettakaṃ ṭhānaṃ gamissatī’’ti ñatvā tesaṃ tāni tāni nāmāni aggahesi. Mudupañño hi sotāpanno satta bhave nibbattento sattakkhattuparamo nāma, majjhimapañño paraṃ chaṭṭhaṃ bhavaṃ nibbattento kolaṃkolo nāma<a name="P2.0465"></a>, tikkhapañño ekaṃ bhavaṃ nibbattento ekabījī nāma. Taṃ panetaṃ tesaṃ mudumajjhimatikkhapaññataṃ pubbahetu niyameti. Ime tayopi sotāpannā kāmabhavavasena vuttā, rūpārūpabhave pana bahukāpi paṭisandhiyo gaṇhanti. <span class="bld">Sakadāgāmissā</span>ti paṭisandhivasena sakiṃ kāmabhavaṃ āgacchatīti sakadāgāmī. Tassa sakadāgāmissa. <span class="bld">Diṭṭheva dhamme arahā</span>ti imasmiṃyeva attabhāve arahā. Arahantipi pāṭho. <span class="bld">Idha niṭṭhā</span>ti kāmabhavaṃ <a name="M2.0068"></a> saṃsaranteyeva sandhāya vuttaṃ. Rūpārūpabhave uppannā pana ariyā kāmabhave na uppajjanti, tattheva parinibbāyanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Antarāparinibbāyissā</span>ti āyuvemajjhassa antarāyeva kilesaparinibbānena parinibbāyanato antarāparinibbāyī. So pana uppannasamanantarā parinibbāyī, āyuvemajjhaṃ appatvā parinibbāyī, āyuvemajjhaṃ patvā parinibbāyīti tividho hoti. Tassa antarāparinibbāyissa anāgāmino. <span class="bld">Upahaccaparinibbāyissā</span>ti āyuvemajjhaṃ atikkamitvā vā kālakiriyaṃ upagantvā vā kilesaparinibbānena parinibbāyantassa anāgāmino. <span class="bld">Asaṅkhāraparinibbāyissā</span>ti asaṅkhārena appayogena adhimattappayogaṃ akatvāva kilesaparinibbānena parinibbāyanadhammassa anāgāmino. <span class="bld">Sasaṅkhāraparinibbāyissā</span>ti sasaṅkhārena dukkhena kasirena adhimattappayogaṃ katvāva kilesaparinibbānena parinibbāyanadhammassa anāgāmino. <span class="bld">Uddhaṃsotassa akaniṭṭhagāmino</span>ti uddhaṃvāhibhāvena uddhamassa taṇhāsotaṃ vaṭṭasotaṃ vāti uddhaṃsoto, uddhaṃ vā gantvā paṭilabhitabbato uddhamassa maggasotanti uddhaṃsoto, akaniṭṭhaṃ gacchatīti akaniṭṭhagāmī. Tassa uddhaṃsotassa akaniṭṭhagāmino anāgāmissa. Ayaṃ pana anāgāmī catuppabhedo – yo avihato paṭṭhāya cattāro brahmaloke sodhetvā akaniṭṭhaṃ gantvā parinibbāyati, ayaṃ uddhaṃsoto akaniṭṭhagāmī nāma. Yo heṭṭhā tayo brahmaloke sodhetvā sudassībrahmaloke ṭhatvā parinibbāyati, ayaṃ uddhaṃsoto na akaniṭṭhagāmī nāma. Yo ito akaniṭṭhameva gantvā parinibbāyati, ayaṃ na uddhaṃsoto akaniṭṭhagāmī nāma. Yo heṭṭhā catūsu <a name="V2.0063"></a> brahmalokesu tattha <a name="P2.0466"></a> tattheva parinibbāyati, ayaṃ na uddhaṃsoto na akaniṭṭhagāmī nāmāti. Ime pañca anāgāmino suddhāvāsaṃ gahetvā vuttā. Anāgāmino pana rūparāgārūparāgānaṃ appahīnattā ākaṅkhamānā sesarūpārūpabhavesupi nibbattanti. Suddhāvāse nibbattā pana aññattha na nibbattanti. <span class="bld">Aveccappasannā</span>ti ariyamaggavasena jānitvā bujjhitvā acalappasādena pasannā. <span class="bld">Sotāpannā</span>ti ariyamaggasotaṃ āpannā. Iminā sabbepi ariyaphalaṭṭhā puggalā gahitāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Bhavavibhavadiṭṭhiniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Saddhammappakāsiniyā paṭisambhidāmaggaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Diṭṭhikathāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter">3. Ānāpānassatikathā</p>
<p class="title">1. Gaṇanavāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para152"></a><span class="paranum">152</span>. Idāni <a name="V2.0064"></a><a name="P2.0467"></a><a name="M2.0069"></a> diṭṭhikathānantaraṃ kathitāya <span class="bld">ānāpānassati</span>kathāya apubbatthānuvaṇṇanā anuppattā. Ayañhi <span class="bld">ānāpānassati</span>kathā diṭṭhikathāya suviditadiṭṭhādīnavassa micchādiṭṭhimalavisodhanena suvisuddhacittassa yathābhūtāvabodhāya samādhibhāvanā sukarā hoti, sabbasamādhibhāvanāsu ca sabbasabbaññubodhisattānaṃ bodhimūle imināva samādhinā samāhitacittānaṃ yathābhūtāvabodhato ayameva samādhibhāvanā padhānāti ca diṭṭhikathānantaraṃ kathitā. Tattha <span class="bld">soḷasavatthukaṃ ānāpānassatisamādhiṃ bhāvayato samadhikāni dve ñāṇasatāni uppajjantī</span>ti ñāṇagaṇanuddeso, <span class="bld">aṭṭha paripanthe ñāṇānī</span>tiādi ñāṇagaṇananiddeso, <span class="bld">katamāni aṭṭha paripanthe ñāṇānī</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Imāni ekavīsati vimuttisukhe ñāṇānī</span>tipariyantaṃ sabbañāṇānaṃ vitthāraniddeso, ante <span class="bld">soḷasavatthukaṃ ānāpānassatisamādhiṃ bhāvayato</span>tiādi nigamananti evaṃ tāva pāḷivavatthānaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha gaṇanuddese gaṇanavāre tāva <span class="bld">soḷasavatthuka</span>nti dīghaṃ rassaṃ sabbakāyapaṭisaṃvedī passambhayaṃ kāyasaṅkhāranti kāyānupassanācatukkaṃ, pītipaṭisaṃvedī sukhapaṭisaṃvedī cittasaṅkhārapaṭisaṃvedī passambhayaṃ cittasaṅkhāranti vedanānupassanācatukkaṃ, cittapaṭisaṃvedī abhippamodayaṃ cittaṃ samādahaṃ cittaṃ vimocayaṃ cittanti cittānupassanācatukkaṃ, aniccānupassī virāgānupassī nirodhānupassī paṭinissaggānupassīti dhammānupassanācatukkanti imesaṃ catunnaṃ catukkānaṃ vasena soḷasa vatthūni patiṭṭhā ārammaṇāni assāti soḷasavatthuko. Taṃ soḷasavatthukaṃ. Samāsavasena panettha vibhattilopo kato. <span class="bld">Āna</span>nti abbhantaraṃ pavisanavāto. <span class="bld">Apāna</span>nti bahinikkhamanavāto. Keci pana vipariyāyena vadanti. Apānañhi <a name="P2.0468"></a> apetaṃ ānatoti apānanti vuccati, niddese (paṭi. ma. 1.160) pana nā-kārassa dīghattamajjhupekkhitvā āpānanti. Tasmiṃ ānāpāne sati ānāpānassati, assāsapassāsapariggāhikāya satiyā etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Ānāpānassatiyā yutto <a name="M2.0070"></a> samādhi, ānāpānassatiyaṃ vā <a name="V2.0065"></a> samādhi ānāpānassatisamādhi. <span class="bld">Bhāvayato</span>ti nibbedhabhāgiyaṃ bhāventassa. <span class="bld">Samadhikānī</span>ti saha adhikena vattantīti samadhikāni, sātirekānīti attho. Ma-kāro panettha padasandhikaro. Keci pana ‘‘saṃadhikānī’’ti vadanti. Evaṃ sati dve ñāṇasatāniyeva adhikānīti āpajjati, taṃ na yujjati. Imāni hi vīsatiadhikāni dve ñāṇasatāni hontīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paripanthe ñāṇānī</span>ti paripanthaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā pavattañāṇāni. Tathā <span class="bld">upakāre upakkilese ñāṇāni. Vodāne ñāṇānī</span>ti vodāyati, tena cittaṃ parisuddhaṃ hotīti vodānaṃ. Kiṃ taṃ? Ñāṇaṃ. ‘‘Vodānañāṇānī’’ti vattabbe ‘‘sutamaye ñāṇa’’ntiādīsu (paṭi. ma. mātikā 1.1; paṭi. ma. 1.1) viya ‘‘vodāne ñāṇānī’’ti vuttaṃ. Sato sampajāno hutvā karotīti satokārī, tassa <span class="bld">satokārissa ñāṇāni. Nibbidāñāṇānī</span>ti nibbidābhūtāni ñāṇāni. <span class="bld">Nibbidānulomañāṇānī</span>ti nibbidāya anukūlāni ñāṇāni. Nibbidānulomiñāṇānītipi pāṭho, nibbidānulomo etesaṃ atthīti nibbidānulomīti attho. <span class="bld">Nibbidāpaṭippassaddhiñāṇānī</span>ti nibbidāya paṭippassaddhiyaṃ ñāṇāni. <span class="bld">Vimuttisukhe ñāṇānī</span>ti vimuttisukhena sampayuttāni ñāṇāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Katamāni aṭṭhā</span>tiādīhi paripanthaupakārānaṃ paṭipakkhavipakkhayugalattā tesu ñāṇāni saheva niddiṭṭhāni. <span class="bld">Kāmacchandanekkhammā</span>dīni heṭṭhā vuttatthāni. <span class="bld">Upakāra</span>nti ca liṅgavipallāsavasena napuṃsakavacanaṃ kataṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbepi akusalā dhammā</span>ti vuttāvasesā ye keci akusalā dhammā. Tathā <a name="P2.0469"></a> sabbepi nibbedhabhāgiyā <span class="bld">kusalā dhammā</span>. ‘‘Paripantho upakāra’’nti ca taṃ tadeva apekkhitvā ekavacanaṃ kataṃ. Ettha ca <span class="bld">paripanthe ñāṇāni</span> ca <span class="bld">upakāre ñāṇāni</span> ca pucchitvā tesaṃ ārammaṇāneva vissajjitvā teheva tāni vissajjitāni hontīti tadārammaṇāni ñāṇāni nigametvā dassesi. <span class="bld">Upakkilese ñāṇā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="centered">Gaṇanavāravaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">2. Soḷasañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para153"></a><span class="paranum">153</span>. <span class="bld">Soḷasahi</span> <a name="M2.0071"></a> <span class="bld">ākārehī</span>ti ubhayapakkhavasena vuttehi soḷasahi ñāṇakoṭṭhāsehi. <span class="bld">Uducitaṃ cittaṃ samuducita</span>nti upacārabhūmiyaṃ cittaṃ uddhaṃ ucitaṃ, sammā uddhaṃ ucitaṃ, uparūpari kataparicayaṃ sammā uparūpari kataparicayanti attho. Udujitaṃ cittaṃ samudujitantipi pāṭho. Uparibhāvāya <a name="V2.0066"></a> jitaṃ, uparibhāvakarehi vā ñāṇehi jitaṃ <span class="bld">udujitaṃ. Samudujita</span>nti samā uparibhāvāya, uparibhāvakarehi vā ñāṇehi jitaṃ. <span class="bld">Samā</span>ti cettha visamabhāvapaṭikkhepo. Imasmiṃ pāṭhe u, du-iti dve dve upasaggā honti. Urūjitaṃ cittaṃ sammārūjitantipi pāṭho. Etthāpi jitatthoyeva. Urū arūti idaṃ pana nipātamattamevāti vadanti. Vīṇopamaṭṭhakathāya tajjitaṃ sutajjitanti ca attho vutto, so idha na yujjati. <span class="bld">Ekatte santiṭṭhatī</span>ti upacārabhūmiyaṃ tāva nānārammaṇavikkhepābhāvena ekatte patiṭṭhāti. <span class="bld">Niyyānāvaraṇaṭṭhena nīvaraṇā</span>ti ettha aratipi sabbepi akusalā āvaraṇaṭṭhena nīvaraṇāti vuttā. <span class="bld">Niyyānāvaraṇaṭṭhenā</span>ti niyyānānaṃ āgamanamaggapidahanaṭṭhena. Niyyānavāraṇaṭṭhenātipi pāṭho, niyyānānaṃ paṭikkhepanaṭṭhenāti attho. <span class="bld">Nekkhammaṃ ariyānaṃ niyyāna</span>nti maggaṭṭhānaṃ ariyānaṃ niyyānasaṅkhātassa ariyamaggassa hetuttā phalūpacārena ariyānaṃ niyyānaṃ. Tena ca hetubhūtena maggakkhaṇe ariyā niyyanti nigacchanti. Keci pana ‘‘niyyānanti maggo’’ti vadanti. Idha upacārassa adhippetattā maggakkhaṇe ca ālokasaññāya sabbakusaladhammānañca <a name="P2.0470"></a> abhāvā taṃ na yujjati. <span class="bld">Nivutattā</span>ti paṭicchannattā. <span class="bld">Nappajānātī</span>ti puggalavasena vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Visuddhacittassā</span>ti upacārabhūmiyaṃyeva. <span class="bld">Khaṇikasamodhānā</span>ti cittakkhaṇe cittakkhaṇe uppajjanato khaṇo etesaṃ atthīti khaṇikā, upakkilesā, khaṇikānaṃ samodhāno samāgamo pabandho khaṇikasamodhāno. Tasmā khaṇikasamodhānā, uppajjamānā upakkilesā khaṇikappabandhavasena khaṇikaparamparāvasena uppajjanti, na ekacittakkhaṇavasenāti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="centered">Soḷasañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">3. Upakkilesañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="title">Paṭhamacchakkaṃ</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para154"></a><span class="paranum">154</span>. Paṭhamacchakke <a name="M2.0072"></a> <span class="bld">assāsādimajjhapariyosāna</span>nti abbhantarapavisanavātassa nāsikaggaṃ vā mukhanimittaṃ vā ādi, hadayaṃ majjhaṃ, nābhi pariyosānaṃ. Taṃ tassa ādimajjhapariyosānaṃ satiyā anugacchato yogissa ṭhānanānattānugamanena cittaṃ ajjhattaṃ vikkhepaṃ gacchati, taṃ ajjhattavikkhepagataṃ cittaṃ ekatte asaṇṭhahanato samādhissa paripantho. <span class="bld">Passāsādimajjhapariyosāna</span>nti <a name="V2.0067"></a> bahinikkhamanavātassa nābhi ādi, hadayaṃ majjhaṃ, nāsikaggaṃ vā mukhanimittaṃ vā bahiākāso vā pariyosānaṃ. Yojanā panettha vuttanayeneva veditabbā. <span class="bld">Assāsapaṭikaṅkhanā nikantitaṇhācariyā</span>ti ‘‘nāsikāvātāyattamidaṃ kammaṭṭhāna’’nti sallakkhetvā oḷārikoḷārikassa assāsassa patthanāsaṅkhātā nikāmanā eva taṇhāpavatti. Taṇhāpavattiyā sati ekatte asaṇṭhahanato samādhissa paripantho. <span class="bld">Passāsapaṭikaṅkhanā nikantī</span>ti puna assāsapubbakassa passāsassa patthanāsaṅkhātā nikanti. Sesaṃ vuttanayeneva yojetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Assāsenābhitunnassā</span>ti atidīghaṃ atirassaṃ vā assāsaṃ karontassa assāsamūlakassa kāyacittakilamathassa sabbhāvato tena assāsena viddhassa pīḷitassa. <span class="bld">Passāsapaṭilābhe mucchanā</span>ti assāsena pīḷitattāyeva passāse assādasaññino passāsaṃ patthayato tasmiṃ passāsapaṭilābhe rajjanā. Passāsamūlakepi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vuttasseva <a name="P2.0471"></a> atthassa anuvaṇṇanatthaṃ vuttesu gāthābandhesu <span class="bld">anugacchanā</span>ti anugacchamānā. <span class="bld">Satī</span>ti ajjhattabahiddhāvikkhepahetubhūtā sati. Vikkhipati anena cittanti vikkhepo. Ko so? Assāso. Ajjhattaṃ vikkhepo ajjhattavikkhepo, tassa ākaṅkhanā <span class="bld">ajjhattavikkhepākaṅkhanā,</span> asammāmanasikāravasena ajjhattavikkhepakassa assāsassa ākaṅkhanāti vuttaṃ hoti. Eteneva nayena bahiddhāvikkhepapatthanā veditabbā. <span class="bld">Yehī</span>ti yehi upakkilesehi. <span class="bld">Vikkhippamānassā</span>ti vikkhipiyamānassa vikkhepaṃ āpādiyamānassa. <span class="bld">No ca cittaṃ vimuccatī</span>ti cittaṃ assāsapassāsārammaṇe ca nādhimuccati, paccanīkadhammehi ca na vimuccati. Cittaṃ no ca vimuccati parapattiyā ca hontīti sambandho. <span class="bld">Vimokkhaṃ appajānantā</span>ti so vā añño vā ārammaṇādhimuttivimokkhañca <a name="M2.0073"></a> paccanīkavimuttivimokkhañca evaṃ appajānantā. <span class="bld">Parapattiyā</span>ti parapaccayaṃ parasaddahanaṃ arahanti, na attapaccakkhaṃ ñāṇanti ‘‘parapaccayikā’’ti vattabbe ‘‘parapattiyā’’ti vuttaṃ. Attho pana soyeva.</p>
<p class="subhead">Dutiyacchakkaṃ</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para155"></a><span class="paranum">155</span>. Dutiyacchakke <span class="bld">nimitta</span>nti assāsapassāsānaṃ phusanaṭṭhānaṃ. Assāsapassāsā hi dīghanāsikassa nāsāpuṭaṃ ghaṭṭentā pavattanti, rassanāsikassa uttaroṭṭhaṃ. Yadi hi ayaṃ yogī taṃ nimittameva āvajjati, tassa nimittameva āvajjamānassa assāse cittaṃ vikampati, na patiṭṭhātīti attho. Tassa tasmiṃ citte appatiṭṭhite samādhissa abhāvato taṃ vikampanaṃ samādhissa <a name="V2.0068"></a> paripantho. Yadi assāsameva āvajjati, tassa cittaṃ abbhantarapavesanavasena vikkhepaṃ āvahati, nimitte na patiṭṭhāti, tasmā nimitte vikampati. Iminā nayena sesesupi yojanā kātabbā. Gāthāsu <span class="bld">vikkhippate</span>ti vikkhipīyati vikkhepaṃ āpādīyati.</p>
<p class="subhead">Tatiyacchakkaṃ</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para156"></a><span class="paranum">156</span>. Tatiyacchakke <a name="P2.0472"></a> <span class="bld">atītānudhāvanaṃ citta</span>nti phusanaṭṭhānaṃ atikkamitvā gataṃ assāsaṃ vā passāsaṃ vā anugacchamānaṃ cittaṃ. <span class="bld">Vikkhepānupatita</span>nti vikkhepena anugataṃ, vikkhepaṃ vā sayaṃ anupatitaṃ anugataṃ. <span class="bld">Anāgatapaṭikaṅkhanaṃ citta</span>nti phusanaṭṭhānaṃ appattaṃ assāsaṃ vā passāsaṃ vā paṭikaṅkhamānaṃ paccāsīsamānaṃ cittaṃ. <span class="bld">Vikampita</span>nti tasmiṃ appatiṭṭhāneneva vikkhepena vikampitaṃ. <span class="bld">Līna</span>nti atisithilavīriyatādīhi saṅkucitaṃ. <span class="bld">Kosajjānupatita</span>nti kusītabhāvānugataṃ. <span class="bld">Atipaggahita</span>nti accāraddhavīriyatādīhi atiussāhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Uddhaccānupatita</span>nti vikkhepānugataṃ. <span class="bld">Abhinata</span>nti assādavatthūsu bhusaṃ nataṃ allīnaṃ. <span class="bld">Apanata</span>nti nirassādavatthūsu patihataṃ, tato apagataṃ vā, apagatanataṃ vā, na tato apagatanti attho. <span class="bld">Rāgānupatita</span>nti ettha assāsapassāsanimittaṃ manasikaroto uppannapītisukhe vā pubbe hasitalapitakīḷitavatthūsu vā rāgo anupatati. <span class="bld">Byāpādānupatita</span>nti ettha manasikāre nirassādagatacittassa uppannadomanassavasena vā pubbe samudāciṇṇesu āghātavatthūsu vā byāpādo anupatati. Gāthāsu <span class="bld">na samādhiyatī</span>ti na samāhitaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Adhicitta</span>nti cittasīsena niddiṭṭho adhiko samādhi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para157"></a><span class="paranum">157</span>. Ettāvatā <a name="M2.0074"></a> tīhi chakkehi aṭṭhārasa upakkilese niddisitvā idāni tesaṃ upakkilesānaṃ samādhissa paripanthabhāvasādhanena ādīnavaṃ dassento puna <span class="bld">assāsādimajjhapariyosāna</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">kāyopi cittampi sāraddhā ca hontī</span>ti vikkhepasamuṭṭhānarūpānaṃ vasena rūpakāyopi, vikkhepasantativasena cittampi mahatā khobhena khubhitā sadarathā ca honti. Tato mandatarena <span class="bld">iñjitā</span> kampitā, tato mandatarena <span class="bld">phanditā</span> calitā honti. Balavāpi majjhimopi mandopi khobho hotiyeva, na sakkā khobhena na bhavitunti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Cittaṃ vikampitattā</span>ti cittassa vikampitattā. Gāthāsu <a name="P2.0473"></a> <span class="bld">paripuṇṇā abhāvitā</span>ti yathā paripuṇṇā hoti, tathā abhāvitā. <span class="bld">Iñjito</span>ti kampito. <span class="bld">Phandito</span>ti mandakampito. Heṭṭhā nīvaraṇānaṃ anantarattā ‘‘imehi ca pana nīvaraṇehī’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.153) accantasamīpanidassanavacanaṃ <a name="V2.0069"></a> kataṃ. Idha pana nigamane nīvaraṇānaṃ santarattā <span class="bld">tehi ca pana nīvaraṇehī</span>ti parammukhanidassanavacanaṃ kataṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Upakkilesañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">4. Vodānañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para158"></a><span class="paranum">158</span>. <span class="bld">Vodāne ñāṇānī</span>ti visuddhañāṇāni. <span class="bld">Taṃ vivajjayitvā</span>ti yaṃ pubbe vuttaṃ atītānudhāvanaṃ cittaṃ vikkhepānupatitaṃ, taṃ vivajjayitvāti sambandhitabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Ekaṭṭhāne samādahatī</span>ti assāsapassāsānaṃ phusanaṭṭhāne samaṃ ādahati patiṭṭhāpeti. <span class="bld">Tattheva adhimocetī</span>ti ekaṭṭhāneti vutte assāsapassāsānaṃ phusanaṭṭhāneyeva sanniṭṭhapeti sanniṭṭhānaṃ karoti. <span class="bld">Paggaṇhitvā</span>ti dhammavicayapītisambojjhaṅgabhāvanāya paggahetvā. <span class="bld">Viniggaṇhitvā</span>ti passaddhisamādhiupekkhāsambojjhaṅgabhāvanāya viniggaṇhitvā. ‘‘Satindriyavīriyindriyehi paggahetvā, satindriyasamādhindriyehi viniggahetvā’’tipi vadanti. <span class="bld">Sampajāno hutvā</span>ti asubhabhāvanādīhi. Puna <span class="bld">sampajāno hutvā</span>ti mettābhāvanādīhi. Yena rāgena anupatitaṃ, yena byāpādena anupatitaṃ, taṃ pajahatīti sambandho. Taṃ cittaṃ īdisanti sampajānanto tappaṭipakkhena rāgaṃ <a name="M2.0075"></a> pajahati, byāpādaṃ pajahatīti vā attho. <span class="bld">Parisuddha</span>nti nirupakkilesaṃ. <span class="bld">Pariyodāta</span>nti pabhassaraṃ. <span class="bld">Ekattagataṃ hotī</span>ti taṃ taṃ visesaṃ pattassa taṃ taṃ ekattaṃ gataṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Katame te ekattā</span>ti idha yujjamānāyujjamānepi ekatte ekato katvā pucchati. <span class="bld">Dānūpasaggupaṭṭhānekatta</span>nti dānavatthusaṅkhātassa dānassa upasaggo vosajjanaṃ dānūpasaggo, dānavatthupariccāgacetanā. Tassa upaṭṭhānaṃ ārammaṇakaraṇavasena upagantvā ṭhānaṃ dānūpasaggupaṭṭhānaṃ, tadeva ekattaṃ, tena vā ekattaṃ ekaggabhāvo dānūpasaggupaṭṭhānekattaṃ. Dānavosaggupaṭṭhānekattanti pāṭho <a name="P2.0474"></a> sundarataro, so evattho. Etena paduddhāravasena cāgānussatisamādhi vutto. Paduddhāravasena vuttopi cesa itaresaṃ tiṇṇampi ekattānaṃ upanissayapaccayo hoti, tasmā idha niddiṭṭhanti vadanti. Visākhāpi hi mahāupāsikā āha – ‘‘idha, bhante, disāsu vassaṃvuṭṭhā bhikkhū sāvatthiṃ āgacchissanti bhagavantaṃ dassanāya, te bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamitvā pucchissanti ‘itthannāmo, bhante, bhikkhu kālaṅkato, tassa kā gati, ko abhisamparāyo’ti? Taṃ bhagavā byākarissati sotāpattiphale vā sakadāgāmiphale vā <a name="V2.0070"></a> anāgāmiphale vā arahatte vā. Tyāhaṃ upasaṅkamitvā pucchissāmi ‘āgatapubbā nu kho, bhante, tena ayyena sāvatthī’ti? Sace me vakkhanti ‘āgatapubbā tena bhikkhunā sāvatthī’ti. Niṭṭhamettha gacchissāmi nissaṃsayaṃ paribhuttaṃ tena ayyena vassikasāṭikā vā āgantukabhattaṃ vā gamikabhattaṃ vā gilānabhattaṃ vā gilānupaṭṭhākabhattaṃ vā gilānabhesajjaṃ vā dhuvayāgu vāti. Tassā me tadanussarantiyā pāmojjaṃ jāyissati, pamuditāya pīti jāyissati, pītimanāya kāyo passambhissati, passaddhakāyā sukhaṃ vedayissāmi, sukhiniyā cittaṃ samādhiyissati, sā me bhavissati indriyabhāvanā balabhāvanā bojjhaṅgabhāvanā’’ti (mahāva. 351). Atha vā ekattesu paṭhamaṃ upacārasamādhivasena vuttaṃ, dutiyaṃ appanāsamādhivasena, tatiyaṃ vipassanāvasena, catutthaṃ maggaphalavasenāti veditabbaṃ. Samathassa nimittaṃ <span class="bld">samathanimittaṃ</span>. Vayo bhaṅgo eva lakkhaṇaṃ <span class="bld">vayalakkhaṇaṃ. Nirodho</span> nibbānaṃ. Sesametesu tīsu vuttanayeneva yojetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cāgādhimuttāna</span>nti <a name="M2.0076"></a> dāne adhimuttānaṃ. <span class="bld">Adhicitta</span>nti vipassanāpādakasamādhi. <span class="bld">Vipassakāna</span>nti bhaṅgānupassanato paṭṭhāya tīhi anupassanāhi saṅkhāre vipassantānaṃ. <span class="bld">Ariyapuggalāna</span>nti aṭṭhannaṃ. Dutiyādīni tīṇi ekattāni ānāpānassativasena sesakammaṭṭhānavasena ca yujjanti. <span class="bld">Catūhi ṭhānehī</span>ti catūhi kāraṇehi. Samādhivipassanāmaggaphalānaṃ vasena ‘‘ekattagataṃ <a name="P2.0475"></a> cittaṃ paṭipadāvisuddhipakkhandañceva hoti upekkhānubrūhitañca ñāṇena ca sampahaṃsita’’nti uddesapadāni. ‘‘Paṭhamassa jhānassa ko ādī’’tiādīni tesaṃ uddesapadānaṃ vitthāretukamyatāpucchāpubbaṅgamāni niddesapadāni. Tattha <span class="bld">paṭipadāvisuddhipakkhanda</span>nti paṭipadā eva nīvaraṇamalavisodhanato visuddhi, taṃ paṭipadāvisuddhiṃ pakkhandaṃ paviṭṭhaṃ. <span class="bld">Upekkhānubrūhita</span>nti tatramajjhattupekkhāya brūhitaṃ vaḍḍhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Ñāṇena ca sampahaṃsita</span>nti pariyodāpakena ñāṇena sampahaṃsitaṃ pariyodāpitaṃ visodhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭipadāvisuddhi</span> nāma sasambhāriko upacāro, <span class="bld">upekkhānubrūhanā</span> nāma appanā, <span class="bld">sampahaṃsanā</span> nāma paccavekkhaṇāti evameke vaṇṇayanti. Yasmā pana ‘‘ekattagataṃ cittaṃ paṭipadāvisuddhipakkhandañceva hotī’’tiādi vuttaṃ, tasmā antoappanāyameva āgamanavasena paṭipadāvisuddhi, tatramajjhattupekkhāya kiccavasena upekkhānubrūhanā, dhammānaṃ anativattanādibhāvasādhanena pariyodāpakassa ñāṇassa kiccanipphattivasena sampahaṃsanā veditabbā. Kathaṃ? Yasmiñhi vāre appanā uppajjati, tasmiṃ yo nīvaraṇasaṅkhāto kilesagaṇo tassa jhānassa paripantho, tato cittaṃ visujjhati, visuddhattā āvaraṇavirahitaṃ hutvā majjhimaṃ samathanimittaṃ paṭipajjati. <span class="bld">Majjhimaṃ samathanimittaṃ</span> nāma samappavatto appanāsamādhiyeva. Tadanantaraṃ pana purimacittaṃ ekasantatipariṇāmanayena <a name="V2.0071"></a> tathattaṃ upagacchamānaṃ majjhimaṃ samathanimittaṃ <span class="bld">paṭipajjati</span> nāma. Evaṃ <span class="bld">paṭipannattā</span> tathattupagamanena <span class="bld">tattha pakkhandati</span> nāma. Evaṃ tāva purimacitte vijjamānākāranipphādikā paṭhamassa jhānassa uppādakkhaṇeyeva āgamanavasena paṭipadāvisuddhi <a name="P2.0476"></a> veditabbā. Evaṃ visuddhassa pana tassa puna visodhetabbābhāvato visodhane byāpāraṃ akaronto <span class="bld">visuddhaṃ cittaṃ ajjhupekkhati</span> nāma. Samathabhāvūpagamanena samathapaṭipannassa puna samādāne byāpāraṃ akaronto <span class="bld">samathapaṭipannaṃ ajjhupekkhati</span> nāma. Samathapaṭipannabhāvato eva cassa kilesasaṃsaggaṃ pahāya ekattena upaṭṭhitassa puna ekattupaṭṭhāne byāpāraṃ akaronto <span class="bld">ekattupaṭṭhānaṃ ajjhupekkhati</span> nāma. Evaṃ tatramajjhattupekkhāya kiccavasena upekkhānubrūhanā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ye <a name="M2.0077"></a> panete evaṃ upekkhānubrūhite tattha jātā samādhipaññāsaṅkhātā yuganaddhadhammā aññamaññaṃ anativattamānā hutvā pavattā, yāni ca saddhādīni indriyāni nānākilesehi vimuttattā vimuttirasena ekarasāni hutvā pavattāni, yaṃ cesa tadupagaṃ tesaṃ anativattanaekarasabhāvānaṃ anucchavikaṃ vīriyaṃ vāhayati, yā cassa tasmiṃ khaṇe pavattā āsevanā, sabbepi te ākārā yasmā ñāṇena saṃkilesavodānesu taṃ taṃ ādīnavañca ānisaṃsañca disvā tathā tathā sampahaṃsitattā visodhitattā pariyodāpitattā nipphannā, tasmā dhammānaṃ anativattanādibhāvasādhanena pariyodāpakassa ñāṇassa kiccanipphattivasena sampahaṃsanā veditabbāti vuttaṃ. Tattha yasmā upekkhāvasena ñāṇaṃ pākaṭaṃ hoti, yathāha – ‘‘tathāpaggahitaṃ cittaṃ sādhukaṃ ajjhupekkhati, upekkhāvasena paññāvasena paññindriyaṃ adhimattaṃ hoti. Upekkhāvasena nānattakilesehi cittaṃ vimuccati, vimokkhavasena paññāvasena paññindriyaṃ adhimattaṃ hoti. Vimuttattā te dhammā ekarasā honti, ekarasaṭṭhena bhāvanā’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.201). Tasmā ñāṇakiccabhūtā <span class="bld">sampahaṃsanā pariyosāna</span>nti vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evaṃ tivattagata</span>ntiādīni tasseva cittassa thomanavacanāni. Tattha <span class="bld">evaṃ tivattagata</span>nti evaṃ yathāvuttena vidhinā paṭipadāvisuddhipakkhandanaupekkhānubrūhanāñāṇasampahaṃsanāvasena tividhabhāvaṃ gataṃ. <span class="bld">Vitakkasampanna</span>nti <a name="P2.0477"></a> kilesakkhobhavirahitattā vitakkena sundarabhāvaṃ pannaṃ gataṃ. <span class="bld">Cittassa adhiṭṭhānasampanna</span>nti tasmiṃyeva ārammaṇe cittassa nirantarappavattisaṅkhātena adhiṭṭhānena sampannaṃ anūnaṃ. Yathā adhiṭṭhānavasiyaṃ adhiṭṭhānanti jhānappavatti, tathā idhāpi cittassa adhiṭṭhānanti cittekaggatāpi yujjati. Tena hi ekasmiṃyeva ārammaṇe cittaṃ adhiṭṭhāti, na ettha vikkhipatīti. ‘‘Samādhisampanna’’nti visuṃ vuttattā pana vuttanayeneva gahetabbaṃ. Atha vā samādhisseva <a name="V2.0072"></a> jhānasaṅgahitattā <span class="bld">cittassa adhiṭṭhānasampanna</span>nti jhānaṅgapañcakavasena vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Samādhisampanna</span>nti indriyasaṅgahitattā indriyapañcakavasena, dutiyajjhānādīsu pana alabbhamānāni padāni pahāya labbhamānakavasena <span class="bld">pītisampanna</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aniccānupassanā</span>dīsu aṭṭhārasasu mahāvipassanāsu vitakkādayo paripuṇṇāyeva tāsaṃ kāmāvacarattā. Etāsu ca appanāya abhāvato paṭipadāvisuddhiādayo khaṇikasamādhivasena yojetabbā. Catūsu maggesu <a name="M2.0078"></a> paṭhamajjhānikavasena vitakkādīnaṃ labbhanato labbhamānakavaseneva vitakkādayo paripuṇṇā vuttā. Dutiyajjhānikādīsu hi maggesu vitakkādayo jhānesu viya parihāyantīti. Ettāvatā terasa vodānañāṇāni vitthārato niddiṭṭhāni honti. Kathaṃ? Ekaṭṭhāne samādahanena tattheva adhimuccanena kosajjappajahanena uddhaccappajahanena rāgappajahanena byāpādappajahanena sampayuttāni cha ñāṇāni, catūhi ekattehi sampayuttāni cattāri ñāṇāni, paṭipadāvisuddhiupekkhānubrūhanāsampahaṃsanāhi sampayuttāni tīṇi ñāṇānīti evaṃ terasa ñāṇāni niddiṭṭhāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para159"></a><span class="paranum">159</span>. Evaṃ santepi ānāpānassatisamādhibhāvanāvasena tesaṃ nipphattiṃ dassetukāmo tāni ñāṇāni anigametvāva <span class="bld">nimittaṃ assāsapassāsā</span>tiādinā nayena codanāpubbaṅgamaṃ ānāpānassatisamādhibhāvanāvidhiṃ dassetvā ante tāni ñāṇāni nigametvā dassesi. Tattha <span class="bld">nimittaṃ</span> vuttameva. <span class="bld">Anārammaṇāmekacittassā</span>ti anārammaṇā ekacittassa. Ma-kāro <a name="P2.0478"></a> panettha padasandhikaro. Anārammaṇamekacittassātipi pāṭho, ekassa cittassa ārammaṇaṃ na bhavantīti attho. <span class="bld">Tayo dhamme</span>ti nimittādayo tayo dhamme. <span class="bld">Bhāvanā</span>ti ānāpānassatisamādhibhāvanā. <span class="bld">Katha</span>nti paṭhamaṃ vuttāya codanāgāthāya anantaraṃ vuttāya parihāragāthāya atthaṃ kathetukamyatāpucchā. <span class="bld">Na cime</span>ti na ca ime. Na cametipi pāṭho, soyeva padacchedo. Kathaṃ na ca aviditā honti, kathaṃ na ca cittaṃ vikkhepaṃ gacchatīti evaṃ kathaṃ saddo sesehi pañcahi yojetabbo. <span class="bld">Padhānañca paññāyatī</span>ti ānāpānassatisamādhibhāvanārambhakaṃ vīriyaṃ sandissati. Vīriyañhi padahanti tenāti padhānanti vuccati. <span class="bld">Payogañca sādhetī</span>ti nīvaraṇavikkhambhakaṃ jhānañca yogī nipphādeti. Jhānañhi nīvaraṇavikkhambhanāya payuñjīyatīti payogoti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Visesamadhigacchatī</span>ti saṃyojanappahānakaraṃ maggañca paṭilabhati. Maggo <a name="V2.0073"></a> hi samathavipassanānaṃ ānisaṃsattā visesoti vutto. Visesassa ca pamukhabhūtattā ca-kārena samuccayo na kato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni taṃ pucchitamatthaṃ upamāya sādhento <span class="bld">seyyathāpi rukkho</span>tiādimāha. Tassattho – yathā nāma kakacena phālanatthaṃ vāsiyā tacchitvā rukkho phālanakāle niccalabhāvatthaṃ <span class="bld">same</span> bhūmipadese payogakkhamaṃ katvā ṭhapito. <span class="bld">Kakacenā</span>ti hatthakakacena. <span class="bld">Āgate</span>ti rukkhaṃ <a name="M2.0079"></a> phusitvā attano samīpabhāgaṃ āgate. <span class="bld">Gate</span>ti rukkhaṃ phusitvā parabhāgaṃ gate. Vā-saddo samuccayattho. <span class="bld">Na aviditā hontī</span>ti rukkhe kakacadantehi phuṭṭhaṃ purisena pekkhamānaṃ ṭhānaṃ appatvā tesaṃ āgamanagamanābhāvato sabbepi kakacadantā viditāva honti. <span class="bld">Padhāna</span>nti rukkhacchedanavīriyaṃ. <span class="bld">Payoga</span>nti rukkhacchedanakiriyaṃ. ‘‘Visesamadhigacchatī’’ti vacanaṃ upamāya natthi. <span class="bld">Upanibandhanā nimitta</span>nti upanibandhanāya satiyā nimittabhūtaṃ kāraṇabhūtaṃ nāsikaggaṃ vā mukhanimittaṃ vā. Upanibandhati etāya ārammaṇe cittanti <a name="P2.0479"></a> upanibandhanā nāma sati. <span class="bld">Nāsikagge vā</span>ti dīghanāsiko nāsikagge. <span class="bld">Mukhanimitte vā</span>ti rassanāsiko uttaroṭṭhe. Uttaroṭṭho hi mukhe satiyā nimittanti mukhanimittanti vutto. <span class="bld">Āgate</span>ti phuṭṭhaṭṭhānato abbhantaraṃ āgate. <span class="bld">Gate</span>ti phuṭṭhaṭṭhānato bahiddhā gate. <span class="bld">Na aviditā hontī</span>ti phusanaṭṭhānaṃ appatvā assāsapassāsānaṃ āgamanagamanābhāvato sabbepi te viditā eva honti. <span class="bld">Kammaniyaṃ hotī</span>ti yena vīriyena kāyopi cittampi kammaniyaṃ bhāvanākammakkhamaṃ bhāvanākammayoggaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Idaṃ</span> vīriyaṃ <span class="bld">padhānaṃ</span> nāmāti phalena kāraṇaṃ vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Upakkilesā pahīyantī</span>ti vikkhambhanavasena nīvaraṇāni pahīyanti. <span class="bld">Vitakkā vūpasammantī</span>ti nānārammaṇacārino anavaṭṭhitā vitakkā upasamaṃ gacchanti. Yena jhānena upakkilesā pahīyanti, vitakkā vūpasammanti. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ payogo</span>ti payogamapekkhitvā pulliṅganiddeso kato. <span class="bld">Saññojanā pahīyantī</span>ti taṃtaṃmaggavajjhā saññojanā samucchedappahānena pahīyanti. <span class="bld">Anusayā byantīhontī</span>ti pahīnānaṃ puna anuppattidhammakattā vigato uppādanto vā vayanto vā etesanti byantā, pubbe abyantā byantā hontīti byantīhonti, vinassantīti attho. Saññojanappahānaṃ anusayappahānena hoti, na aññathāti dassanatthaṃ anusayappahānamāha. Yena maggena saññojanā pahīyanti anusayā byantīhonti, <span class="bld">ayaṃ viseso</span>ti attho. Catutthacatukke ariyamaggassāpi niddiṭṭhattā idha ariyamaggo vutto. Ekacittassa ārammaṇadvayābhāvassa avuttepi siddhattā taṃ avissajjetvāva <span class="bld">evaṃ ime tayo dhammā ekacittassa ārammaṇā na hontī</span>ti nigamanaṃ kataṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para160"></a><span class="paranum">160</span>. Idāni taṃ bhāvanāsiddhisādhakaṃ yogāvacaraṃ thunanto <span class="bld">ānāpānassati yassā</span>ti gāthaṃ <a name="V2.0074"></a> vatvā tassā niddesamāha. Tattha ānāpānassatiyo <a name="M2.0080"></a> <span class="bld">yathā buddhena desitā,</span> tathā <span class="bld">paripuṇṇā subhāvitā anupubbaṃ paricitā</span> yassa atthi saṃvijjanti. <span class="bld">So imaṃ lokaṃ pabhāseti</span>. Kiṃ viya? <span class="bld">Abbhā muttova candimā</span> yathā abbhādīhi mutto candimā imaṃ okāsalokaṃ pabhāseti, tathā so yogāvacaro imaṃ khandhādilokaṃ pabhāsetīti <a name="P2.0480"></a> gāthāya sambandho. ‘‘Abbhā muttova candimā’’ti ca padassa niddese mahikādīnampi vuttattā ettha ādisaddalopo katoti veditabbo. Gāthāniddese <span class="bld">no passāso no assāso</span>ti so soyeva attho paṭisedhena visesetvā vutto. <span class="bld">Upaṭṭhānaṃ satī</span>ti asammussanatāya tameva assāsaṃ upagantvā ṭhānaṃ sati nāmāti attho. Tathā <span class="bld">passāsaṃ</span>. Ettāvatā ānāpānesu sati ānāpānassatīti attho vutto hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni sativaseneva ‘‘yassā’’ti vuttaṃ puggalaṃ niddisitukāmo <span class="bld">yo assasati, tassupaṭṭhāti. Yo passasati, tassupaṭṭhātī</span>ti vuttaṃ. Yo assasati, tassa sati assāsaṃ upagantvā tiṭṭhati. Yo passasati, tassa sati passāsaṃ upagantvā tiṭṭhatīti attho. <span class="bld">Paripuṇṇā</span>ti jhānavipassanāmaggaparamparāya arahattamaggappattiyā paripuṇṇā. Teyeva hi jhānavipassanāmaggadhamme sandhāya <span class="bld">pariggahaṭṭhenā</span>tiādimāha. Te hi dhammā iminā yoginā pariggayhamānattā pariggahā, tena <span class="bld">pariggahaṭṭhena paripuṇṇā</span>. Tattha sabbesaṃ cittacetasikānaṃ aññamaññaparivārattā <span class="bld">parivāraṭṭhena paripuṇṇā</span>. Bhāvanāpāripūrivasena <span class="bld">paripūraṭṭhena paripuṇṇā. Catasso bhāvanā</span>tiādīni subhāvitāti vuttapadassa atthavasena vuttāni. Catasso bhāvanā heṭṭhā vuttāyeva. <span class="bld">Yānīkatā</span>ti yuttayānasadisā katā. <span class="bld">Vatthukatā</span>ti patiṭṭhaṭṭhena vatthusadisā katā. <span class="bld">Anuṭṭhitā</span>ti paccupaṭṭhitā. <span class="bld">Paricitā</span>ti samantato citā upacitā. <span class="bld">Susamāraddhā</span>ti suṭṭhu samāraddhā sukatā. <span class="bld">Yattha yattha ākaṅkhatī</span>ti yesu yesu jhānesu yāsu yāsu vipassanāsu sace icchati. <span class="bld">Tattha tatthā</span>ti tesu tesu jhānesu tāsu tāsu vipassanāsu. <span class="bld">Vasippatto</span>ti vasībhāvaṃ bahubhāvaṃ patto. <span class="bld">Balappatto</span>ti samathavipassanābalappatto. <span class="bld">Vesārajjappatto</span>ti visāradabhāvaṃ paṭubhāvaṃ patto. <span class="bld">Te dhammā</span>ti samathavipassanā dhammā. <span class="bld">Āvajjanapaṭibaddhā</span>ti āvajjanāyattā, āvajjitamatteyeva tassa santānena, ñāṇena vā sampayogaṃ gacchantīti <a name="M2.0081"></a> attho. <span class="bld">Ākaṅkhapaṭibaddhā</span>ti <a name="P2.0481"></a> ruciāyattā, rocitamatteyeva vuttanayena sampayogaṃ gacchantīti attho. <span class="bld">Manasikāro</span> panettha āvajjanāya cittuppādo. Ākaṅkhanāya vevacanavasena atthavivaraṇatthaṃ vutto. <span class="bld">Tena vuccati yānīkatā</span>ti evaṃ katattāyeva te yuttayānasadisā katā hontīti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yasmiṃ yasmiṃ vatthusmi</span>nti soḷasasu vatthūsu ekekasmiṃ. <span class="bld">Svādhiṭṭhita</span>nti suppatiṭṭhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Sūpaṭṭhitā</span>ti suṭṭhu upaṭṭhitā. Sampayuttacittasatīnaṃ saheva sakasakakiccakaraṇato anulomapaṭilomavasena <a name="V2.0075"></a> yojetvā te dve dhammā dassitā. <span class="bld">Tena vuccati vatthukatā</span>ti evaṃ bhūtattāyeva katapatiṭṭhā hontīti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Yena yena cittaṃ abhinīharatī</span>ti pubbappavattito apanetvā yattha yattha bhāvanāvisese cittaṃ upaneti. <span class="bld">Tena tena sati anuparivattatī</span>ti tasmiṃ tasmiṃyeva bhāvanāvisese sati anukūlā hutvā pubbappavattito nivattitvā pavattati. ‘‘Yena, tenā’’ti cettha ‘‘yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamī’’tiādīsu (khu. pā. 5.1; su. ni. maṅgalasutta) viya bhummattho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Tena vuccati anuṭṭhitā</span>ti evaṃ karaṇatoyeva taṃ taṃ bhāvanaṃ anugantvā ṭhitā hontīti vuttaṃ hoti. Ānāpānassatiyā satipadhānattā vatthukatānuṭṭhitapadesu satiyā saha yojanā katāti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā pana paripuṇṇāyeva paricitā honti vaḍḍhitā laddhāsevanā, tasmā ‘‘paripuṇṇā’’tipade vuttā tayo atthā ‘‘paricitā’’tipadepi vuttā, catuttho visesatthopi vutto. Tattha <span class="bld">satiyā pariggaṇhanto</span>ti sampayuttāya, pubbabhāgāya vā satiyā pariggahetabbe pariggaṇhanto yogī. <span class="bld">Jināti pāpake akusale dhamme</span>ti samucchedavasena lāmake kilese jināti abhibhavati. Ayañca puggalādhiṭṭhānā dhammadesanā. Dhammesu hi jinantesu taṃdhammasamaṅgīpuggalopi jināti nāma. Te ca dhammā satiṃ avihāya attano pavattikkhaṇe jinitumāraddhā jitāti vuccanti yathā ‘‘bhuñjitumāraddho bhutto’’ti vuccati. Lakkhaṇaṃ panettha saddasatthato veditabbaṃ. Evaṃ santepi ‘‘parijitā’’ti vattabbe ja-kārassa ca-kāraṃ katvā <a name="P2.0482"></a> ‘‘paricitā’’ti <a name="M2.0082"></a> vuttaṃ, yathā sammā gado assāti sugatoti atthavikappe da-kārassa ta-kāro niruttilakkhaṇena kato, evamidhāpi veditabbo. Imasmiṃ atthavikappe paricitāti padaṃ kattusādhanaṃ, purimāni tīṇi kammasādhanāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cattāro susamāraddhā</span>ti cattāro susamāraddhatthāti vuttaṃ hoti, atthasaddassa lopo daṭṭhabbo. Susamāraddhāti padassa atthāpi hi idha susamāraddhāti vuttāti veditabbā, susamāraddhadhammā vā. Caturatthabhedato cattāroti vuttāti veditabbā, na dhammabhedato. Yasmā pana subhāvitāyeva susamāraddhā honti, na aññe, tasmā tayo bhāvanatthā idhāpi vuttā. Āsevanatthopi tīsu vuttesu vuttoyeva hoti, tasmā taṃ avatvā tappaccanīkānaṃ susamūhatattho vutto. Paccanīkasamugghātena hi āraddhapariyosānaṃ paññāyati, tena susamāraddhassa sikhāppatto attho vutto hoti. Tattha <span class="bld">tappaccanīkāna</span>nti tesaṃ jhānavipassanāmaggānaṃ paṭipakkhabhūtānaṃ. <span class="bld">Kilesāna</span>nti kāmacchandādīnaṃ niccasaññādisampayuttānaṃ sakkāyadiṭṭhādīnañca. <span class="bld">Susamūhatattā</span>ti vikkhambhanatadaṅgasamucchedavasena <a name="V2.0076"></a> suṭṭhu samūhatattā nāsitattā. Potthakesu pana ‘‘susamugghātattā’’ti likhanti, taṃ na sundaraṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para161"></a><span class="paranum">161</span>. Puna tasseva padassa aññampi atthavikappaṃ dassento <span class="bld">susama</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">tattha jātā</span>ti tasmiṃ sikhāppattabhāvanāvisese jātā. <span class="bld">Anavajjā</span>ti kilesānaṃ ārammaṇabhāvānupagamanena kilesadosavirahitā. <span class="bld">Kusalā</span>ti jātivasena kusalā. <span class="bld">Bodhipakkhiyā</span>ti bujjhanaṭṭhena bodhīti laddhanāmassa ariyassa pakkhe bhavattā bodhipakkhiyā. <span class="bld">Pakkhe bhavattā</span>ti hi upakārabhāve ṭhitattā. Te ca ‘‘cattāro satipaṭṭhānā, cattāro sammappadhānā, cattāro iddhipādā, pañcindriyāni, pañca balāni, satta bojjhaṅgā, ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo’’ti (ma. ni. 3.35; cūḷani. mettagūmāṇavapucchāniddesa 22; mi. pa. 5.4.1) sattatiṃsa dhammā. <span class="bld">Idaṃ sama</span>nti idaṃ maggakkhaṇe dhammajātaṃ samucchedavasena kilese sameti vināsetīti samaṃ nāma. <span class="bld">Nirodho</span> <a name="P2.0483"></a> <span class="bld">nibbāna</span>nti dukkhanirodhattā nirodho, vānasaṅkhātāya taṇhāya abhāvā nibbānaṃ. <span class="bld">Idaṃ susama</span>nti idaṃ nibbānaṃ sabbasaṅkhatavisamāpagatattā suṭṭhu samanti susamaṃ nāma. <span class="bld">Ñāta</span>nti bodhipakkhiyasaṅkhātaṃ samaṃ asammohato <a name="M2.0083"></a> ñāṇena ñātaṃ, nibbānasaṅkhātaṃ susamaṃ ārammaṇato ñāṇena ñātaṃ. Tadeva dvayaṃ teneva cakkhunā viya <span class="bld">diṭṭhaṃ. Vidita</span>nti tadeva dvayaṃ santāne uppādanena ārammaṇakaraṇena ca paṭiladdhaṃ. Ñātaṃ viya paññāya <span class="bld">sacchikataṃ phassitañca</span>. ‘‘Asallīnaṃ asammuṭṭhā asāraddho ekagga’’nti purimassa purimassa padassa atthappakāsanaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">āraddha</span>nti paṭṭhapitaṃ. <span class="bld">Asallīna</span>nti asaṅkucitaṃ. <span class="bld">Upaṭṭhitā</span>ti upagantvā ṭhitā. <span class="bld">Asammuṭṭhā</span>ti avinaṭṭhā. <span class="bld">Passaddho</span>ti nibbuto. <span class="bld">Asāraddho</span>ti niddaratho. <span class="bld">Samāhita</span>nti samaṃ ṭhapitaṃ. <span class="bld">Ekagga</span>nti avikkhittaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Cattāro susamāraddhā’’tiādi sakalassa susamāraddhavacanassa mūlattho. ‘‘Atthi sama’’ntiādi pana susamavacanassa, ‘‘ñāta’’ntiādi āraddhavacanassa vikappatthā. Tatthāyaṃ padatthasaṃsandanā – ‘‘samā ca susamā ca samasusamā’’ti vattabbe ekadesasarūpekasesaṃ katvā ‘‘susamā’’ icceva vuttā yathā nāmañca rūpañca nāmarūpañca nāmarūpanti. ‘‘Idaṃ samaṃ, idaṃ susama’’nti pana anaññāpekkhaṃ katvā napuṃsakavacanaṃ kataṃ. Yasmā pana ñātampi diṭṭhanti vuccati, diṭṭhañca āraddhañca atthato ekaṃ. Viditasacchikataphassitāni pana ñātavevacanāni, tasmā ñātanti āraddhatthoyeva vutto hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āraddhaṃ hoti vīriyaṃ asallīna</span>nti ayaṃ pana āraddhavacanassa ujukatthoyeva. <span class="bld">Upaṭṭhitā satī</span>tiādīni <a name="V2.0077"></a> pana sampayuttavīriyassa upakārakadhammadassanatthaṃ vuttāni, na āraddhavacanassa atthadassanatthaṃ. Purimena atthena suṭṭhu samāraddhāti susamāraddhā ca, iminā atthena susamā āraddhāti susamāraddhā ca ekasese kate ‘‘susamāraddhā’’ti vuccanti. Imamatthaṃ pariggahetvā ‘‘tena vuccati susamāraddhā’’ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anupubba</span>nti <a name="P2.0484"></a> yathānukkamenāti attho, pubbaṃ pubbaṃ anūti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Dīghaṃ assāsavasenā</span>ti dīghanti vuttaassāsavasena. <span class="bld">Purimā purimā</span>ti purimā purimā sati. Etena pubbantipadassa attho vutto hoti. <span class="bld">Pacchimā pacchimā</span>ti satiyeva. Etena anūtipadassa attho vutto hoti. Ubhayena pubbañca anu ca paricitāti attho vutto hoti. Upari soḷasa vatthūni vitthāretvā vacanato idha saṅkhipitvā ‘‘paṭinissaggānupassī’’ti antimameva dassitaṃ. Yasmā sikhāppattabhāvanassa sabbāpi ānāpānassatiyo <a name="M2.0084"></a> punappunaṃ yathāruci pavattanato anuparicitāpi honti. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘aññamaññaṃ paricitā ceva honti anuparicitā cā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yathatthā</span>ti yathāsabhāvatthā. <span class="bld">Attadamathattho</span>ti arahattamaggakkhaṇe attano nibbisevanattho. <span class="bld">Samathattho</span>ti sītibhāvattho. <span class="bld">Parinibbāpanattho</span>ti kilesaparinibbānena. <span class="bld">Abhiññattho</span>ti sabbadhammavasena. <span class="bld">Pariññatthā</span>dayo maggañāṇakiccavasena. <span class="bld">Saccābhisamayattho</span> catunnaṃ saccānaṃ ekapaṭivedhadassanavasena. <span class="bld">Nirodhe patiṭṭhāpakattho</span> ārammaṇakaraṇavasena.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Buddhotipadassa abhāvepi buddhenātipade yo so buddho, taṃ niddisitukāmena <span class="bld">buddho</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sayambhū</span>ti upadesaṃ vinā sayameva bhūto. <span class="bld">Anācariyako</span>ti sayambhūpadassa atthavivaraṇaṃ. Yo hi ācariyaṃ vinā saccāni paṭivijjhati, so sayambhū nāma hoti. <span class="bld">Pubbe ananussutesū</span>tiādi anācariyakabhāvassa atthappakāsanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ananussutesū</span>ti ācariyaṃ ananussutesu. <span class="bld">Sāma</span>nti sayameva. <span class="bld">Abhisambujjhī</span>ti bhusaṃ sammā paṭivijjhi. <span class="bld">Tattha ca sabbaññutaṃ pāpuṇī</span>ti tesu ca saccesu sabbaññubhāvaṃ pāpuṇi. Yathā saccāni paṭivijjhantā sabbaññuno honti, tathā saccānaṃ paṭividdhattā evaṃ vuttaṃ. Sabbaññutaṃ pattotipi pāṭho. <span class="bld">Balesu ca vasībhāva</span>nti dasasu ca tathāgatabalesu issarabhāvaṃ pāpuṇi. Yo so evaṃ bhūto, so buddhoti vuttaṃ hoti. Tattha sabbesu dhammesu appaṭihatañāṇanimittānuttaravimokkhādhigamaparibhāvitaṃ khandhasantānaṃ <a name="P2.0485"></a> upādāya paṇṇattiko, sabbaññutapadaṭṭhānaṃ <a name="V2.0078"></a> vā saccābhisambodhimupādāya paṇṇattiko sattaviseso buddho. Ettāvatā atthato buddhavibhāvanā katā hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para162"></a><span class="paranum">162</span>. Idāni byañjanato vibhāvento <span class="bld">buddhoti kenaṭṭhena buddho</span>tiādimāha. Tattha yathā loke avagantā avagatoti vuccati, evaṃ <span class="bld">bujjhitā saccānīti buddho</span>. Yathā paṇṇasosā vātā paṇṇasusāti vuccanti, evaṃ <span class="bld">bodhetā pajāyāti buddho. Sabbaññutāya buddho</span>ti sabbadhammabujjhanasamatthāya buddhiyā buddhoti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Sabbadassāvitāya buddho</span>ti sabbadhammānaṃ ñāṇacakkhunā diṭṭhattā buddhoti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Anaññaneyyatāya</span> <a name="M2.0085"></a> <span class="bld">buddho</span>ti aññena abodhanīyato sayameva buddhattā buddhoti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Visavitāya buddho</span>ti nānāguṇavisavanato padumamiva vikasanaṭṭhena buddhoti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Khīṇāsavasaṅkhātena buddho</span>tiādīhi chahi pariyāyehi cittasaṅkocakaradhammappahānena niddakkhayavibuddho puriso viya sabbakilesaniddakkhayavibuddhattā buddhoti vuttaṃ hoti. Saṅkhā saṅkhātanti atthato ekattā <span class="bld">saṅkhātenā</span>ti vacanassa koṭṭhāsenāti attho. Taṇhālepadiṭṭhilepābhāvena <span class="bld">nirupalepasaṅkhātena</span>. Savāsanānaṃ sabbakilesānaṃ pahīnattā ekantavacanena visesetvā <span class="bld">ekantavītarāgo</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ekantanikkileso</span>ti rāgadosamohāvasesehi sabbakilesehi nikkileso. <span class="bld">Ekāyanamaggaṃ gatoti buddho</span>ti gamanatthānaṃ dhātūnaṃ bujjhanatthattā bujjhanatthāpi dhātuyo gamanatthā honti, tasmā ekāyanamaggaṃ gatattā buddhoti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Ekāyanamaggo</span>ti cettha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Maggo pantho patho pajjo, añjasaṃ vaṭumāyanaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Nāvā uttarasetu ca, kullo ca bhisi saṅkamo’’ti <a name="P2.0486"></a>. (cūḷani. pārāyanatthutigāthāniddesa 101) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Maggassa bahūsu nāmesu ayananāmena vutto. Tasmā ekamaggabhūto maggo, na dvedhāpathabhūtoti attho. Atha vā ekena ayitabbo maggoti ekāyanamaggo. <span class="bld">Ekenā</span>ti gaṇasaṅgaṇikaṃ pahāya pavivekena cittena. <span class="bld">Ayitabbo</span>ti paṭipajjitabbo. Ayanti vā etenāti ayano, saṃsārato nibbānaṃ gacchantīti attho. Ekesaṃ ayano ekāyano. <span class="bld">Eke</span>ti seṭṭhā, sabbasattaseṭṭhā ca sammāsambuddhā, tasmā ekāyanamaggoti sammāsambuddhānaṃ ayanabhūto maggoti vuttaṃ hoti. Ayatīti vā ayano, gacchati pavattatīti attho. Ekasmiṃ ayano maggoti ekāyanamaggo, ekasmiṃyeva buddhasāsane pavattamāno maggo, na aññatthāti vuttaṃ hoti. Api ca ekaṃ ayatīti ekāyano, pubbabhāge nānāmukhabhāvanānayappavattopi aparabhāge ekaṃ nibbānameva gacchatīti <a name="V2.0079"></a> vuttaṃ hoti, tasmā ekāyanamaggoti ekanibbānagamanamaggoti attho. <span class="bld">Eko anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambuddhoti buddho</span>ti na parehi buddhattā buddho, kiṃ pana sayameva anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambuddhattā buddhoti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Abuddhivihatattā buddhipaṭilābhā buddho</span>ti buddhi buddhaṃ <a name="M2.0086"></a> bodhoti pariyāyavacanametaṃ. Tattha yathā nīlarattaguṇayogā nīlo paṭo ratto paṭoti vuccati, evaṃ buddhaguṇayogā buddhoti ñāpetuṃ vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tato paraṃ <span class="bld">buddhoti netaṃ nāma</span>ntiādi ‘‘atthamanugatā ayaṃ paññattī’’ti ñāpanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">mittā</span> sahāyā. <span class="bld">Amaccā</span> bhaccā. <span class="bld">Ñātī</span> pitupakkhikā. <span class="bld">Sālohitā</span> mātupakkhikā. <span class="bld">Samaṇā</span> pabbajjūpagatā. <span class="bld">Brāhmaṇā</span> bhovādino, samitapāpabāhitapāpā vā. <span class="bld">Devatā</span> sakkādayo brahmāno ca. <span class="bld">Vimokkhantika</span>nti vimokkho arahattamaggo, vimokkhassa anto arahattaphalaṃ, tasmiṃ vimokkhante bhavaṃ vimokkhantikaṃ nāma. Sabbaññubhāvo hi arahattamaggena sijjhati, arahattaphalodaye siddho hoti, tasmā sabbaññubhāvo vimokkhante bhavo hoti. Taṃ nemittikampi nāmaṃ vimokkhante bhavaṃ nāma hoti. Tena vuttaṃ <a name="P2.0487"></a> – ‘‘vimokkhantikametaṃ buddhānaṃ bhagavantāna’’nti. <span class="bld">Bodhiyā mūle saha sabbaññutaññāṇassa paṭilābhā</span>ti mahābodhirukkhamūle yathāvuttakkhaṇe sabbaññutaññāṇassa paṭilābhena saha. <span class="bld">Sacchikā paññattī</span>ti arahattaphalasacchikiriyāya, sabbadhammasacchikiriyāya vā jātā paññatti. <span class="bld">Yadidaṃ buddho</span>ti yā ayaṃ buddhoti paññatti, ayaṃ byañjanato buddhavibhāvanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Yathā buddhena desitā’’tigāthāpādassa pana iminā padabhājanīye vuttatthena ayaṃ saṃsandanā – ānāpānassatiyo ca yathā buddhena desitā, yena pakārena desitā. Yathāsaddena saṅgahitā dasa yathatthā ca yathā buddhena desitā, yena pakārena desitāti pakāratthassa ca yathāsaddassa, sabhāvatthassa ca yathāsaddassa sarūpekasesavasena ekasesaṃ katvā ‘‘yathā’’ti vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Padabhājanīye panassa yathatthesu ekekassa yojanāvasena ‘‘desito’’ti ekavacanaṃ kataṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Soti gahaṭṭho vā hoti pabbajito vā’’ti vuttattā ādipadepi yassa gahaṭṭhassa vā pabbajitassa vāti vuttameva hoti. Lokattho vuttoyeva. <span class="bld">Pabhāsetī</span>ti attano ñāṇassa pākaṭaṃ karotīti attho<a name="M2.0087"></a>. <span class="bld">Abhisambuddhattā</span>ti sāvakapāramiñāṇenapi paṭividdhabhāvena. <span class="bld">Obhāsetī</span>ti kāmāvacarabhūtaṃ lokaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhāsetī</span>ti rūpāvacarabhūtaṃ lokaṃ. <span class="bld">Pabhāsetī</span>ti arūpāvacarabhūtaṃ lokaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ariyañāṇa</span>nti <a name="V2.0080"></a> arahattamaggañāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Mahikā mutto</span>ti mahikāya mutto. <span class="bld">Mahikā</span>ti nīhāro vuccati. Mahiyā muttotipi pāṭho. <span class="bld">Dhūmarajā mutto</span>ti dhūmato ca rajato ca mutto. <span class="bld">Rāhugahaṇā vippamutto</span>ti rāhuno candassa āsannupakkilesattā dvīhi upasaggehi visesetvā vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhāsate</span> iti saobhāsaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Tapate</span> iti satejaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Virocate</span> iti ruciraṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Evameva</span>nti evaṃ evaṃ. Yasmā pana candopi sayaṃ bhāsanto tapanto virocanto imaṃ okāsalokaṃ obhāseti, bhikkhu ca paññāya bhāsanto tapanto virocanto imaṃ khandhādilokaṃ paññāya obhāseti, tasmā ubhayatrāpi ‘‘bhāsetī’’ti avatvā ‘‘bhāsate’’ icceva vuttaṃ. Evañhi vutte hetuatthopi vutto hoti. Ativisadatarābhasūriyopamaṃ <a name="P2.0488"></a> aggahetvā kasmā candopamā gahitāti ce? Sabbakilesapariḷāhavūpasamena santassa bhikkhuno santaguṇayuttacandopamā anucchavikāti gahitāti veditabbaṃ. Evaṃ ānāpānassatibhāvanāsiddhisādhakaṃ yogāvacaraṃ thunitvā <span class="bld">imāni terasa vodāne ñāṇānī</span>ti tāni ñāṇāni nigametvā dassetīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Vodānañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">5. Satokāriñāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para163"></a><span class="paranum">163</span>. Satokāriñāṇaniddese mātikāyaṃ <span class="bld">idha bhikkhū</span>ti imasmiṃ sāsane bhikkhu. Ayañhi ettha idha-saddo sabbappakāraānāpānassatisamādhinibbattakassa puggalassa sannissayabhūtasāsanaparidīpano, aññasāsanassa tathābhāvapaṭisedhano ca. Vuttañhetaṃ – ‘‘idheva, bhikkhave, samaṇo…pe… suññā parappavādā samaṇebhi aññehī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.139; a. ni. 4.241).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Araññagato vā rukkhamūlagato vā suññāgāragato vā</span>ti idamassa ānāpānassatisamādhi bhāvanānurūpasenāsanapariggahaparidīpanaṃ. Imassa <a name="M2.0088"></a> hi bhikkhuno dīgharattaṃ rūpādīsu ārammaṇesu anuvisaṭaṃ cittaṃ ānāpānassatisamādhiārammaṇaṃ abhiruhituṃ na icchati, kūṭagoṇayuttaratho viya uppathameva dhāvati. Tasmā seyyathāpi nāma gopo kūṭadhenuyā sabbaṃ khīraṃ pivitvā vaḍḍhitaṃ kūṭavacchaṃ dametukāmo dhenuto apanetvā ekamante mahantaṃ thambhaṃ nikhaṇitvā tattha yottena bandheyya, athassa so vaccho ito cito ca vipphanditvā palāyituṃ asakkonto tameva thambhaṃ upanisīdeyya vā upanipajjeyya vā, evameva imināpi bhikkhunā dīgharattaṃ rūpārammaṇādirasapānavaḍḍhitaṃ <a name="V2.0081"></a> duṭṭhacittaṃ dametukāmena rūpādiārammaṇato apanetvā araññaṃ vā rukkhamūlaṃ vā suññāgāraṃ vā pavesetvā tattha assāsapassāsathambhe satiyottena bandhitabbaṃ. Evamassa taṃ cittaṃ ito cito ca vipphanditvāpi pubbe āciṇṇārammaṇaṃ alabhamānaṃ satiyottaṃ chinditvā palāyituṃ <a name="P2.0489"></a> asakkontaṃ tamevārammaṇaṃ upacārappanāvasena upanisīdati ceva upanipajjati ca. Tenāhu porāṇā –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yathā thambhe nibandheyya, vacchaṃ damaṃ naro idha;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Bandheyyevaṃ sakaṃ cittaṃ, satiyārammaṇe daḷha’’nti. (visuddhi. 1.217; pārā. aṭṭha. 2.165; dī. ni. aṭṭha. 2.374; ma. ni. aṭṭha. 1.107) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Evamassa taṃ senāsanaṃ bhāvanānurūpaṃ hoti. Atha vā yasmā idaṃ kammaṭṭhānappabhede muddhabhūtaṃ sabbabuddhapaccekabuddhabuddhasāvakānaṃ visesādhigamadiṭṭhadhammasukhavihārapadaṭṭhānaṃ ānāpānassatikammaṭṭhānaṃ itthipurisahatthiassādisaddasamākulaṃ gāmantaṃ apariccajitvā na sukaraṃ bhāvetuṃ saddakaṇṭakattā jhānassa. Agāmake pana araññe sukaraṃ yogāvacarena idaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ pariggahetvā ānāpānacatukkajjhānaṃ nibbattetvā tadeva pādakaṃ katvā saṅkhāre sammasitvā aggaphalaṃ arahattaṃ pāpuṇituṃ. Tasmā tassa anurūpaṃ senāsanaṃ upadisanto bhagavā ‘‘araññagato vā’’tiādimāha, tatheva thero.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vatthuvijjācariyo viya hi bhagavā, so yathā vatthuvijjācariyo nagarabhūmiṃ passitvā suṭṭhu upaparikkhitvā ‘‘ettha nagaraṃ māpethā’’ti upadisati, sotthinā ca nagare niṭṭhite rājakulato mahāsakkāraṃ labhati, evamevaṃ yogāvacarassa anurūpaṃ senāsanaṃ upaparikkhitvā ‘‘ettha kammaṭṭhānaṃ anuyuñjitabba’’nti upadisati, tato tattha kammaṭṭhānamanuyuttena yoginā kamena <a name="M2.0089"></a> arahatte patte ‘‘sammāsambuddho vata so bhagavā’’ti mahantaṃ sakkāraṃ labhati. Ayaṃ pana bhikkhu ‘‘dīpisadiso’’ti vuccati. Yathā hi mahādīpirājā araññe tiṇagahanaṃ vā vanagahanaṃ vā pabbatagahanaṃ vā nissāya nilīyitvā vanamahiṃsagokaṇṇasūkarādayo mige gaṇhāti, evamevaṃ ayaṃ araññādīsu kammaṭṭhānamanuyuñjanto bhikkhu yathākkamena sotāpattisakadāgāmianāgāmiarahattamagge ceva ariyaphalāni ca gaṇhātīti veditabbo. Tenāhu porāṇā –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yathāpi <a name="V2.0082"></a><a name="P2.0490"></a> dīpiko nāma, nilīyitvā gaṇhate mige;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Tathevāyaṃ buddhaputto, yuttayogo vipassako;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Araññaṃ pavisitvāna, gaṇhāti phalamuttama’’nti. (mi. pa. 6.1.5);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tenassa parakkamajavayoggabhūmiṃ araññasenāsanaṃ dassento ‘‘araññagato vā’’tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">araññagato</span>ti upari vuttalakkhaṇaṃ yaṃkiñci pavivekasukhaṃ araññaṃ gato. <span class="bld">Rukkhamūlagato</span>ti rukkhasamīpaṃ gato. <span class="bld">Suññāgāragato</span>ti suññaṃ vivittokāsaṃ gato. Ettha ca ṭhapetvā araññañca rukkhamūlañca avasesasattavidhasenāsanaṃ gatopi ‘‘suññāgāragato’’ti vattuṃ vaṭṭati. Navavidhañhi senāsanaṃ. Yathāha – ‘‘so vivittaṃ senāsanaṃ bhajati araññaṃ rukkhamūlaṃ pabbataṃ kandaraṃ giriguhaṃ susānaṃ vanapatthaṃ abbhokāsaṃ palālapuñja’’nti (vibha. 508). Evamassa ututtayānukūlaṃ dhātucariyānukūlañca ānāpānassatibhāvanānurūpaṃ senāsanaṃ upadisitvā alīnānuddhaccapakkhikaṃ santamiriyāpathaṃ upadisanto <span class="bld">nisīdatī</span>ti āha. Athassa nisajjāya daḷhabhāvaṃ assāsapassāsānaṃ pavattanasamatthataṃ ārammaṇapariggahūpāyañca dassento <span class="bld">pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">pallaṅka</span>nti samantato ūrubaddhāsanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ābhujitvā</span>ti bandhitvā. <span class="bld">Ujuṃ kāyaṃ paṇidhāyā</span>ti uparimasarīraṃ ujukaṃ ṭhapetvā aṭṭhārasa piṭṭhikaṇṭake koṭiyā koṭiṃ paṭipādetvā. Evañhi nisinnassa dhammamaṃsanhārūni na paṇamanti. Athassa yā tesaṃ paṇamanapaccayā khaṇe khaṇe vedanā uppajjeyyuṃ, tā na uppajjanti. Tāsu anuppajjamānāsu cittaṃ ekaggaṃ hoti, kammaṭṭhānaṃ na paripatati, vuddhiṃ phātiṃ upagacchati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Parimukhaṃ</span> <a name="M2.0090"></a> <span class="bld">satiṃ upaṭṭhapetvā</span>ti kammaṭṭhānābhimukhaṃ satiṃ ṭhapayitvā. <span class="bld">So satova assasati sato passasatī</span>ti so bhikkhu evaṃ nisīditvā evañca satiṃ upaṭṭhapetvā taṃ satiṃ avijahanto sato eva assasati sato passasati, satokārī hotīti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni <a name="P2.0491"></a> yehi pakārehi satokārī hoti, te pakāre dassetuṃ <span class="bld">dīghaṃ vā assasanto</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">dīghaṃ vā assasanto</span>ti dīghaṃ vā assāsaṃ pavattayanto. Tathā <span class="bld">rassaṃ</span>. Yā pana nesaṃ dīgharassatā, sā kālavasena veditabbā. Kadāci hi manussā hatthiahiādayo viya kālavasena dīghaṃ assasanti ca passasanti ca, kadāci sunakhasasādayo viya rassaṃ. Aññathā hi cuṇṇavicuṇṇā assāsapassāsā dīgharassā nāma na honti<a name="V2.0083"></a>. Tasmā te dīghaṃ kālaṃ pavisantā ca nikkhamantā ca dīghā, rassaṃ kālaṃ pavisantā ca nikkhamantā ca rassāti veditabbā. Tatrāyaṃ bhikkhu upari vuttehi navahākārehi dīghaṃ assasanto ca passasanto ca <span class="bld">dīghaṃ assasāmi, passasāmīti pajānāti,</span> tathā <span class="bld">rassaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ pajānato ca –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Dīgho rasso ca assāso, passāsopi ca tādiso;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Cattāro vaṇṇā vattanti, nāsikaggeva bhikkhuno’’ti. (visuddhi. 1.219; pārā. aṭṭha. 2.165);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Navannañcassa ākārānaṃ ekenākārena kāyānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānabhāvanā sampajjatīti veditabbā. <span class="bld">Sabbakāyapaṭisaṃvedī assasissāmīti sikkhati. Sabbakāyapaṭisaṃvedī passasissāmīti sikkhatī</span>ti sakalassa assāsakāyassādimajjhapariyosānaṃ viditaṃ karonto pākaṭaṃ karonto assasissāmīti sikkhati. Sakalassa passāsakāyassādimajjhapariyosānaṃ viditaṃ karonto pākaṭaṃ karonto passasissāmīti sikkhati. Evaṃ viditaṃ karonto pākaṭaṃ karonto ñāṇasampayuttacittena assasati ceva passasati ca. Tasmā ‘‘assasissāmi passasissāmīti sikkhatī’’ti <a name="M2.0091"></a> vuccati. Ekassa hi bhikkhuno cuṇṇavicuṇṇavisaṭe (visuddhi. 1.219; pārā. 2.165) assāsakāye, passāsakāye vā ādi pākaṭo hoti, na majjhapariyosānaṃ. So ādimeva pariggahetuṃ sakkoti, majjhapariyosāne kilamati. Ekassa majjhaṃ pākaṭaṃ hoti, na ādipariyosānaṃ. So majjhameva pariggahetuṃ sakkoti, ādipariyosāne kilamati. Ekassa pariyosānaṃ pākaṭaṃ hoti, na ādimajjhaṃ. So pariyosānaṃyeva pariggahetuṃ sakkoti, ādimajjhe kilamati. Ekassa sabbaṃ pākaṭaṃ hoti, so sabbampi pariggahetuṃ sakkoti<a name="P2.0492"></a>, na katthaci kilamati. Tādisena bhavitabbanti dassento āha – ‘‘sabbakāyapaṭisaṃvedī’’tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">sikkhatī</span>ti evaṃ ghaṭati vāyamati. Yo vā tathābhūtassa saṃvaro, ayamettha adhisīlasikkhā. Yo tathābhūtassa samādhi, ayaṃ adhicittasikkhā. Yā tathābhūtassa paññā, ayaṃ adhipaññāsikkhāti imā tisso sikkhāyo tasmiṃ ārammaṇe tāya satiyā tena manasikārena sikkhati āsevati bhāveti bahulīkarotīti evamettha attho daṭṭhabbo. Tattha yasmā purimanayena kevalaṃ assasitabbaṃ passasitabbameva ca, na aññaṃ kiñci kātabbaṃ, ito <a name="V2.0084"></a> paṭṭhāya pana ñāṇuppādanādīsu yogo karaṇīyo. Tasmā tattha ‘‘assasāmīti pajānāti passasāmīti pajānāti’’cceva vattamānakālavasena pāḷiṃ vatvā ito paṭṭhāya kattabbassa ñāṇuppādanādino ā-kārassa dassanatthaṃ ‘‘sabbakāyapaṭisaṃvedī assasissāmī’’tiādinā nayena anāgatakālavasena pāḷi āropitāti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Passambhayaṃ kāyasaṅkhāraṃ…pe… sikkhatī</span>ti oḷārikaṃ assāsapassāsasaṅkhātaṃ kāyasaṅkhāraṃ passambhento paṭippassambhento nirodhento vūpasamento assasissāmi passasissāmīti sikkhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatrevaṃ oḷārikasukhumatā ca passaddhi ca veditabbā – imassa hi bhikkhuno pubbe apariggahitakāle kāyo ca cittañca sadarathā honti oḷārikā. Kāyacittānaṃ oḷārikatte avūpasante assāsapassāsāpi oḷārikā honti, balavatarā hutvā pavattanti, nāsikā nappahoti, mukhena assasantopi passasantopi tiṭṭhati. Yadā panassa kāyopi <a name="M2.0092"></a> cittampi pariggahitā honti, tadā te santā honti vūpasantā. Tesu vūpasantesu assāsapassāsā sukhumā hutvā pavattanti, ‘‘atthi nu kho, natthī’’ti vicetabbākārappattā honti. Seyyathāpi purisassa dhāvitvā pabbatā vā orohitvā mahābhāraṃ vā sīsato oropetvā ṭhitassa oḷārikā assāsapassāsā honti, nāsikā nappahoti, mukhena assasantopi passasantopi tiṭṭhati. Yadā panesa taṃ parissamaṃ vinodetvā nhatvā ca pivitvā ca allasāṭakaṃ hadaye katvā sītāya chāyāya nipanno hoti, athassa te assāsapassāsā sukhumā honti ‘‘atthi nu kho, natthī’’ti vicetabbākārappattā, evamevaṃ imassa bhikkhuno apariggahitakāleti <a name="P2.0493"></a> vitthāretabbaṃ. Tathā hissa pubbe apariggahitakāle ‘‘oḷārikoḷārike kāyasaṅkhāre passambhemī’’ti ābhogasamannāhāramanasikāro natthi, pariggahitakāle pana atthi. Tenassa apariggahitakālato pariggahitakāle kāyasaṅkhāro sukhumo hoti. Tenāhu porāṇā –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Sāraddhe kāye citte ca, adhimattaṃ pavattati;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Asāraddhamhi kāyamhi, sukhumaṃ sampavattatī’’ti. (visuddhi. 1.220; pārā. aṭṭha. 2.165);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pariggahepi oḷāriko, paṭhamajjhānūpacāre sukhumo. Tasmimpi oḷāriko, paṭhamajjhāne sukhumo. Paṭhamajjhāne ca dutiyajjhānūpacāre ca oḷāriko, dutiyajjhāne sukhumo. Dutiyajjhāne <a name="V2.0085"></a> ca tatiyajjhānūpacāre ca oḷāriko, tatiyajjhāne sukhumo. Tatiyajjhāne ca catutthajjhānūpacāre ca oḷāriko, catutthajjhāne atisukhumo appavattimeva pāpuṇāti. Idaṃ tāva <span class="bld">dīghabhāṇakasaṃyuttabhāṇakānaṃ</span> mataṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Majjhimabhāṇakā</span> pana ‘‘paṭhamajjhāne oḷāriko, dutiyajjhānūpacāre sukhumo’’ti evaṃ heṭṭhimaheṭṭhimajjhānato uparūparijjhānūpacārepi sukhumataraṃ icchanti. Sabbesaṃyeva pana matena apariggahitakāle pavattakāyasaṅkhāro pariggahitakāle paṭippassambhati, pariggahitakāle pavattakāyasaṅkhāro paṭhamajjhānūpacāre…pe… catutthajjhānūpacāre pavattakāyasaṅkhāro catutthajjhāne paṭippassambhati. Ayaṃ tāva samathe nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vipassanāyaṃ <a name="M2.0093"></a> pana apariggahitakāle pavattakāyasaṅkhāro oḷāriko, mahābhūtapariggahe sukhumo. Sopi oḷāriko, upādārūpapariggahe sukhumo. Sopi oḷāriko, sakalarūpapariggahe sukhumo. Sopi oḷāriko, arūpapariggahe sukhumo. Sopi oḷāriko, rūpārūpapariggahe sukhumo. Sopi oḷāriko, paccayapariggahe sukhumo. Sopi oḷāriko, sappaccayanāmarūpadassane sukhumo. Sopi oḷāriko, lakkhaṇārammaṇika vipassanāya sukhumo. Sopi dubbalavipassanāya oḷāriko, balavavipassanāya sukhumo. Tattha pubbe vuttanayeneva purimassa purimassa pacchimena pacchimena paṭippassaddhi veditabbā. Evamettha oḷārikasukhumatā paṭippassaddhi ca <a name="P2.0494"></a> veditabbā. Ayaṃ tāvettha kāyānupassanāvasena vuttassa paṭhamacatukkassa anupubbapadavaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā panettha idameva catukkaṃ ādikammikassa kammaṭṭhānavasena vuttaṃ, itarāni pana tīṇi catukkāni ettha pattajjhānassa vedanācittadhammānupassanāvasena, tasmā imaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ bhāvetvā ānāpānacatukkajjhānapadaṭṭhānāya vipassanāya saha paṭisambhidāhi arahattaṃ pāpuṇitukāmena ādikammikena kulaputtena visuddhimagge vuttanayena sīlaparisodhanādīni sabbakiccāni katvā sattaṅgasamannāgatassa ācariyassa santike pañcasandhikaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ uggahetabbaṃ. Tatrime pañca sandhayo uggaho paripucchā upaṭṭhānaṃ appanā lakkhaṇanti. Tattha <span class="bld">uggaho</span> nāma kammaṭṭhānassa uggaṇhanaṃ. <span class="bld">Paripucchā</span> nāma kammaṭṭhānassa paripucchanaṃ. <span class="bld">Upaṭṭhānaṃ</span> nāma kammaṭṭhānassa upaṭṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Appanā</span> nāma kammaṭṭhānassa appanā. <span class="bld">Lakkhaṇaṃ</span> nāma kammaṭṭhānassa lakkhaṇaṃ, ‘‘evaṃ lakkhaṇamidaṃ kammaṭṭhāna’’nti kammaṭṭhānasabhāvūpadhāraṇanti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ <a name="V2.0086"></a> pañcasandhikaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ uggaṇhanto attanāpi na kilamati, ācariyampi na viheseti. Tasmā thokaṃ uddisāpetvā bahuṃ kālaṃ sajjhāyitvā evaṃ pañcasandhikaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ uggahetvā ācariyassa santike vā aññattha vā aṭṭhārasa dosayutte vihāre vajjetvā pañcaṅgasamannāgate senāsane vasantena upacchinnakhuddakapalibodhena katabhattakiccena bhattasammadaṃ paṭivinodetvā sukhanisinnena ratanattayaguṇānussaraṇena cittaṃ sampahaṃsetvā ācariyuggahato <a name="M2.0094"></a> ekapadampi aparihāpentena idaṃ ānāpānassatikammaṭṭhānaṃ manasi kātabbaṃ. Tatrāyaṃ manasikāravidhi –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Gaṇanā anubandhanā, phusanā ṭhapanā sallakkhaṇā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Vivaṭṭanā pārisuddhi, tesañca paṭipassanā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="P2.0495"></a> <span class="bld">gaṇanā</span>ti gaṇanāyeva. <span class="bld">Anubandhanā</span>ti anugamanā. <span class="bld">Phusanā</span>ti phuṭṭhaṭṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Ṭhapanā</span>ti appanā. <span class="bld">Sallakkhaṇā</span>ti vipassanā. <span class="bld">Vivaṭṭanā</span>ti maggo. <span class="bld">Pārisuddhī</span>ti phalaṃ. <span class="bld">Tesañca paṭipassanā</span>ti paccavekkhaṇā. Tattha iminā ādikammikena kulaputtena paṭhamaṃ gaṇanāya idaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ manasi kātabbaṃ. Gaṇentena pana pañcannaṃ heṭṭhā na ṭhapetabbaṃ, dasannaṃ upari na netabbaṃ, antarā khaṇḍaṃ na dassetabbaṃ. Pañcannaṃ heṭṭhā ṭhapentassa hi sambādhe okāse cittuppādo vipphandati sambādhe vaje sanniruddhagogaṇo viya. Dasannaṃ upari nentassa gaṇananissitova cittuppādo hoti. Antarā khaṇḍaṃ dassentassa ‘‘sikhāppattaṃ nu kho me kammaṭṭhānaṃ, no’’ti cittaṃ vikampati, tasmā ete dose vajjetvā gaṇetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Gaṇentena ca paṭhamaṃ dandhagaṇanāya <span class="bld">dhaññamāpakagaṇanāya</span> gaṇetabbaṃ. Dhaññamāpako hi nāḷiṃ pūretvā ‘‘eka’’nti vatvā okirati, puna pūrento kiñci kacavaraṃ disvā chaḍḍento ‘‘ekaṃ eka’’nti vadati. Eseva nayo dve dvetiādīsu. Evamevaṃ imināpi assāsapassāsesu yo upaṭṭhāti, taṃ gahetvā ‘‘ekaṃ eka’’ntiādiṃ katvā yāva ‘‘dasa dasā’’ti pavattamānaṃ pavattamānaṃ upalakkhetvāva gaṇetabbaṃ. Tassa evaṃ gaṇayato nikkhamantā ca pavisantā ca assāsapassāsā pākaṭā honti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Athānena taṃ dandhagaṇanaṃ dhaññamāpakagaṇanaṃ pahāya sīghagaṇanāya <span class="bld">gopālakagaṇanāya</span> gaṇetabbaṃ. Cheko hi gopālako sakkharādayo ucchaṅgena gahetvā rajjudaṇḍahattho pātova vajaṃ gantvā gāvo piṭṭhiyaṃ paharitvā palighatthambhamatthake nisinno dvāraṃ pattaṃ pattaṃyeva gāvaṃ ‘‘eko dve’’ti <a name="V2.0087"></a> sakkharaṃ khipitvā khipitvā gaṇeti. Tiyāmarattiṃ sambādhe okāse dukkhaṃ vutthagogaṇo nikkhamanto aññamaññaṃ upanighaṃsanto vegena vegena puñjapuñjo hutvā nikkhamati. So vegena vegena ‘‘tīṇi cattāri pañca dasā’’ti gaṇetiyeva, evamassāpi purimanayena gaṇayato <a name="M2.0095"></a> assāsapassāsā pākaṭā hutvā sīghaṃ sīghaṃ punappunaṃ sañcaranti. Tato tena ‘‘punappunaṃ sañcarantī’’ti ñatvā anto ca bahi ca aggahetvā dvārappattaṃ dvārappattaṃyeva gahetvā ‘‘eko <a name="P2.0496"></a> dve tīṇi cattāri pañca, eko dve tīṇi cattāri pañca cha, eko dve tīṇi cattāri pañca cha satta…pe… aṭṭha nava dasā’’ti sīghaṃ sīghaṃ gaṇetabbameva. Gaṇanāpaṭibaddhe hi kammaṭṭhāne gaṇanabaleneva cittaṃ ekaggaṃ hoti arittupatthambhanavasena caṇḍasote nāvāṭhapanamiva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tassevaṃ sīghaṃ sīghaṃ gaṇayato kammaṭṭhānaṃ nirantaraṃ pavattaṃ viya hutvā upaṭṭhāti. Atha ‘‘nirantaraṃ pavattatī’’ti ñatvā anto ca bahi ca vātaṃ apariggahetvā purimanayeneva vegena vegena gaṇetabbaṃ. Antopavisanavātena hi saddhiṃ cittaṃ pavesayato abbhantaraṃ vātabbhāhataṃ medapūritaṃ viya hoti. Bahinikkhamanavātena saddhiṃ cittaṃ nīharato bahiddhā puthuttārammaṇe cittaṃ vikkhipati. Phuṭṭhaphuṭṭhokāse pana satiṃ ṭhapetvā bhāventasseva bhāvanā sampajjati. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘anto ca bahi ca vātaṃ apariggahetvā purimanayeneva vegena vegena gaṇetabba’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kīvaciraṃ panetaṃ gaṇetabbanti? Yāva vinā gaṇanāya assāsapassāsārammaṇe sati santiṭṭhati. Bahi visaṭavitakkavicchedaṃ katvā assāsapassāsārammaṇe sati saṇṭhāpanatthaṃyeva hi gaṇanāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ gaṇanāya manasi katvā <span class="bld">anubandhanāya</span> manasi kātabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Anubandhanā</span> nāma gaṇanaṃ paṭisaṃharitvā satiyā nirantaraṃ assāsapassāsānaṃ anugamanaṃ. Tañca kho na ādimajjhapariyosānānugamanavasena. Ādimajjhapariyosānāni tassānugamane ādīnavā ca heṭṭhā vuttāyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tasmā anubandhanāya manasikarontena na ādimajjhapariyosānavasena manasi kātabbaṃ, apica kho <span class="bld">phusanāvasena</span> ca <span class="bld">ṭhapanāvasena</span> ca manasi kātabbaṃ. Gaṇanānubandhanāvasena viya hi phusanāṭhapanāvasena visuṃ manasikāro natthi, phuṭṭhaphuṭṭhaṭṭhāneyeva pana gaṇento gaṇanāya ca phusanāya ca manasi karoti, tattheva gaṇanaṃ paṭisaṃharitvā te satiyā anubandhanto, appanāvasena ca cittaṃ ṭhapento ‘‘anubandhanāya ca phusanāya ca ṭhapanāya ca manasi <a name="M2.0096"></a> karotī’’ti <a name="V2.0088"></a> vuccati. Svāyamattho <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathāsu</span> vuttapaṅguḷadovārikopamāhi idheva pāḷiyaṃ vuttakakacūpamāya ca veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatrāyaṃ <a name="P2.0497"></a> <span class="bld">paṅguḷopamā</span> – seyyathāpi paṅguḷo dolāya kīḷataṃ mātāputtānaṃ dolaṃ khipitvā tattheva dolāthambhamūle nisinno kamena āgacchantassa ca gacchantassa ca dolāphalakassa ubho koṭiyo majjhañca passati, na ca ubhokoṭimajjhānaṃ dassanatthaṃ byāvaṭo hoti, evameva bhikkhu sativasena upanibandhanatthambhamūle ṭhatvā assāsapassāsadolaṃ khipitvā tattheva nimitte satiyā nisīdanto kamena āgacchantānañca gacchantānañca phuṭṭhaṭṭhāne assāsapassāsānaṃ ādimajjhapariyosānaṃ satiyā anugacchanto tattheva (visuddhi. 1.225) cittaṃ ṭhapetvā passati, na ca tesaṃ dassanatthaṃ byāvaṭo hoti. Ayaṃ paṅguḷopamā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ayaṃ pana <span class="bld">dovārikopamā</span> – seyyathāpi dovāriko nagarassa anto ca bahi ca purise ‘‘ko tvaṃ, kuto vā āgato, kuhiṃ vā gacchasi, kiṃ vā te hatthe’’ti na vīmaṃsati. Na hi tassa te bhārā, dvārappattaṃ dvārappattaṃyeva pana vīmaṃsati, evameva imassa bhikkhuno antopaviṭṭhavātā ca bahinikkhantavātā ca na bhārā honti, dvārappattā dvārappattāyeva bhārāti ayaṃ dovārikopamā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kakacūpamā</span> pana ‘‘nimittaṃ assāsapassāsā’’tiādinā (paṭi. ma. 1.159) nayena idha vuttāyeva. Idha panassa āgatāgatavasena amanasikāramattameva payojananti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ manasikaroto kassaci na cireneva nimittañca uppajjati, avasesajhānaṅgapaṭimaṇḍitā appanāsaṅkhātā ṭhapanā ca sampajjati. Kassaci pana gaṇanāvaseneva manasikārakālato pabhuti yathā sāraddhakāyassa mañce vā pīṭhe vā nisīdato mañcapīṭhaṃ onamati vikūjati, paccattharaṇaṃ valiṃ gaṇhāti, asāraddhakāyassa pana nisīdato neva mañcapīṭhaṃ onamati na vikūjati, na paccattharaṇaṃ valiṃ gaṇhāti, tūlapicupūritaṃ viya mañcapīṭhaṃ hoti<a name="M2.0097"></a>. Kasmā? Yasmā asāraddho kāyo lahuko hoti, evamevaṃ gaṇanāvasena manasikārakālato pabhuti anukkamato oḷārikaassāsapassāsanirodhavasena kāyadarathe vūpasante kāyopi cittampi lahukaṃ hoti, sarīraṃ ākāse laṅghanākārappattaṃ viya hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tassa oḷārike assāsapassāse niruddhe sukhumaassāsapassāsanimittārammaṇaṃ <a name="P2.0498"></a> cittaṃ pavattati<a name="V2.0089"></a>. Tasmimpi niruddhe aparāparaṃ tato sukhumataraṃ sukhumataraṃ assāsapassāsanimittārammaṇaṃ pavattatiyeva. Svāyamattho upari vuttakaṃsathālopamāya veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā hi aññāni kammaṭṭhānāni uparūpari vibhūtāni honti, na tathā idaṃ. Idaṃ pana uparūpari bhāventassa sukhumattaṃ gacchati, upaṭṭhānampi na upagacchati. Evaṃ anupaṭṭhahante pana tasmiṃ tena bhikkhunā ‘‘ācariyaṃ pucchissāmī’’ti vā ‘‘naṭṭhaṃ dāni me kammaṭṭhāna’’nti vā uṭṭhāyāsanā na gantabbaṃ. Iriyāpathaṃ vikopetvā gacchato hi kammaṭṭhānaṃ navanavameva hoti. Tasmā yathānisinneneva desato āharitabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatrāyaṃ āharaṇūpāyo – tena bhikkhunā kammaṭṭhānassa anupaṭṭhānabhāvaṃ ñatvā iti paṭisañcikkhitabbaṃ ‘‘ime assāsapassāsā nāma kattha atthi, kattha natthi. Kassa vā atthi, kassa vā natthī’’ti. Athevaṃ paṭisañcikkhato ‘‘ime antomātukucchiyaṃ natthi, udake nimuggānaṃ natthi, tathā asaññībhūtānaṃ matānaṃ catutthajjhānasamāpannānaṃ rūpārūpabhavasamaṅgīnaṃ nirodhasamāpannāna’’nti ñatvā evaṃ attanāva attā paṭicodetabbo ‘‘nanu, tvaṃ paṇḍita, neva mātukucchigato, na udake nimuggo, na asaññībhūto, na mato, na catutthajjhānasamāpanno, na rūpārūpabhavasamaṅgī, na nirodhasamāpanno. Atthiyeva te assāsapassāsā, mandapaññatāya pana pariggahetuṃ na sakkosī’’ti. Athānena pakatiphuṭṭhavasena cittaṃ ṭhapetvā manasikāro pavattetabbo. Ime hi dīghanāsikassa nāsāpuṭaṃ ghaṭṭentā pavattanti, rassanāsikassa uttaroṭṭhaṃ. Tasmānena imaṃ nāma ṭhānaṃ ghaṭṭentīti nimittaṃ ṭhapetabbaṃ. Imameva hi atthavasaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ bhagavatā – ‘‘nāhaṃ, bhikkhave, muṭṭhassatissa asampajānassa ānāpānassatibhāvanaṃ vadāmī’’ti (ma. ni. 3.149; saṃ. ni. 5.992). Kiñcāpi hi <a name="M2.0098"></a> yaṃkiñci kammaṭṭhānaṃ satassa sampajānasseva sampajjati, ito aññaṃ pana manasikarontassa pākaṭaṃ hoti. Idaṃ pana ānāpānassatikammaṭṭhānaṃ <a name="P2.0499"></a> garukaṃ garukabhāvanaṃ buddhapaccekabuddhabuddhaputtānaṃ mahāpurisānaṃyeva manasikārabhūmibhūtaṃ, na ceva ittaraṃ, na ca ittarasattasamāsevitaṃ. Yathā yathā manasi karīyati, tathā tathā santañceva hoti sukhumañca. Tasmā ettha balavatī sati ca paññā ca icchitabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā hi maṭṭhasāṭakassa tunnakaraṇakāle sūcipi sukhumā icchitabbā, sūcipāsavedhanampi tato sukhumataraṃ, evamevaṃ maṭṭhasāṭakasadisassa imassa kammaṭṭhānassa bhāvanākāle sūcipaṭibhāgā satipi sūcipāsavedhanapaṭibhāgā taṃsampayuttā paññāpi balavatī icchitabbā. Tāhi ca pana satipaññāhi <a name="V2.0090"></a> samannāgatena bhikkhunā na te assāsapassāsā aññatra pakatiphuṭṭhokāsā pariyesitabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā hi kassako khettaṃ kasitvā balībadde muñcitvā gocaramukhe katvā chāyāya nisinno vissameyya, athassa te balībaddā vegena aṭaviṃ paviseyyuṃ. Yo hoti cheko kassako, so puna te gahetvā yojetukāmo na tesaṃ anupadaṃ gantvā aṭaviṃ āhiṇḍati. Atha kho rasmiñca patodañca gahetvā ujukameva tesaṃ nipātanatitthaṃ gantvā nisīdati vā nipajjati vā. Atha te goṇe divasabhāgaṃ caritvā nipātanatitthaṃ otaritvā nhatvā ca pivitvā ca paccuttaritvā ṭhite disvā rasmiyā bandhitvā patodena vijjhanto ānetvā yojetvā puna kammaṃ karoti. Evamevaṃ tena bhikkhunā na te assāsapassāsā aññatra pakatiphuṭṭhokāsā pariyesitabbā. Satirasmiṃ pana paññāpatodañca gahetvā pakatiphuṭṭhokāse cittaṃ ṭhapetvā manasikāro pavattetabbo. Evaṃ hissa manasikaroto na cirasseva te upaṭṭhahanti nipātanatitthe viya goṇā. Tato tena satirasmiyā bandhitvā tasmiṃyeva ṭhāne yojetvā paññāpatodena vijjhantena punappunaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ anuyuñjitabbaṃ. Tassevamanuyuñjato na cirasseva nimittaṃ upaṭṭhāti. Taṃ panetaṃ na sabbesaṃ ekasadisaṃ hoti, apica kho kassaci sukhasamphassaṃ uppādayamāno tūlapicu viya kappāsapicu viya vātadhārā viya ca upaṭṭhātīti ekacce āhu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ayaṃ <a name="P2.0500"></a><a name="M2.0099"></a> pana <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathāsu vinicchayo</span> – idañhi kassaci tārakarūpaṃ viya maṇiguḷikā viya muttāguḷikā viya ca, kassaci kharasamphassaṃ hutvā kappāsaṭṭhi viya dārusārasūci viya ca, kassaci dīghapāmaṅgasuttaṃ viya kusumadāmaṃ viya dhūmasikhā viya ca, kassaci vitthataṃ makkaṭakasuttaṃ viya valāhakapaṭalaṃ viya padumapupphaṃ viya rathacakkaṃ viya candamaṇḍalaṃ viya sūriyamaṇḍalaṃ viya ca upaṭṭhāti, tañca panetaṃ yathā sambahulesu bhikkhūsu suttantaṃ sajjhāyitvā nisinnesu ekena bhikkhunā ‘‘tumhākaṃ kīdisaṃ hutvā idaṃ suttaṃ upaṭṭhātī’’ti vutte eko ‘‘mayhaṃ mahatī pabbateyyā nadī viya hutvā upaṭṭhātī’’ti āha. Aparo ‘‘mayhaṃ ekā vanarāji viya’’. Añño ‘‘mayhaṃ eko sītacchāyo sākhāsampanno phalabhārabharito rukkho viyā’’ti. Tesañhi taṃ ekameva suttaṃ saññānānatāya nānato upaṭṭhāti. Evaṃ ekameva kammaṭṭhānaṃ saññānānatāya nānato upaṭṭhāti. Saññajañhi etaṃ saññānidānaṃ saññāpabhavaṃ, tasmā saññānānatāya nānato upaṭṭhātīti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ <a name="V2.0091"></a> upaṭṭhite pana nimitte tena bhikkhunā ācariyassa santikaṃ gantvā ārocetabbaṃ ‘‘mayhaṃ, bhante, evarūpaṃ nāma upaṭṭhātī’’ti. Ācariyena pana ‘‘nimittamidaṃ, āvuso, kammaṭṭhānaṃ punappunaṃ manasi karohi sappurisā’’ti vattabbo. Athānena nimitteyeva cittaṃ ṭhapetabbaṃ. Evamassāyaṃ ito pabhuti ṭhapanāvasena bhāvanā hoti. Vuttañhetaṃ porāṇehi –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Nimitte ṭhapayaṃ cittaṃ, nānākāraṃ vibhāvayaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Dhīro assāsapassāse, sakaṃ cittaṃ nibandhatī’’ti. (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.165; visuddhi. 1.232);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tassevaṃ nimittupaṭṭhānato pabhuti nīvaraṇāni vikkhambhitāneva honti, kilesā sannisinnāva, cittaṃ upacārasamādhinā samāhitameva. Athānena taṃ nimittaṃ neva vaṇṇato manasi kātabbaṃ, na lakkhaṇato paccavekkhitabbaṃ, apica kho khattiyamahesiyā cakkavattigabbho viya kassakena sāliyavagabbho viya ca āvāsādīni satta asappāyāni vajjetvā tāneva satta sappāyāni sevantena sādhukaṃ rakkhitabbaṃ, atha <a name="P2.0501"></a> naṃ evaṃ rakkhitvā punappunaṃ manasikāravasena vuddhiṃ virūḷhiṃ gamayitvā dasavidhaṃ appanākosallaṃ sampādetabbaṃ, vīriyasamatā yojetabbā. Tassevaṃ ghaṭentassa <a name="M2.0100"></a> visuddhimagge vuttānukkamena tasmiṃ nimitte catukkapañcakajjhānāni nibbattanti. Evaṃ nibbattacatukkapañcakajjhāno panettha bhikkhu sallakkhaṇāvivaṭṭanāvasena kammaṭṭhānaṃ vaḍḍhetvā pārisuddhiṃ pattukāmo tadeva jhānaṃ pañcahākārehi vasippattaṃ paguṇaṃ katvā nāmarūpaṃ vavatthapetvā vipassanaṃ paṭṭhapeti. Kathaṃ? So hi samāpattito vuṭṭhāya assāsapassāsānaṃ samudayo karajakāyo ca cittañcāti passati. Yathā hi kammāragaggariyā dhamamānāya bhastañca purisassa ca tajjaṃ vāyāmaṃ paṭicca vāto sañcarati, evamevaṃ kāyañca cittañca paṭicca assāsapassāsāti. Tato assāsapassāse ca kāyañca rūpanti, cittañca taṃsampayutte ca dhamme arūpanti vavatthapeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ nāmarūpaṃ vavatthapetvā tassa paccayaṃ pariyesati, pariyesanto ca taṃ disvā tīsupi addhāsu nāmarūpassa pavattiṃ ārabbha kaṅkhaṃ vitarati, vitiṇṇakaṅkho kalāpasammasanavasena ‘‘aniccaṃ dukkhamanattā’’ti tilakkhaṇaṃ āropetvā udayabbayānupassanāya pubbabhāge uppanne obhāsādayo dasa vipassanupakkilese pahāya upakkilesavimuttaṃ udayabbayānupassanāñāṇaṃ ‘‘maggo’’ti vavatthapetvā udayaṃ pahāya bhaṅgānupassanaṃ patvā nirantaraṃ bhaṅgānupassanena bhayato upaṭṭhitesu sabbasaṅkhāresu nibbindanto virajjanto vimuccanto yathākkamena cattāro ariyamagge pāpuṇitvā <a name="V2.0092"></a> arahattaphale patiṭṭhāya ekūnavīsatibhedassa paccavekkhaṇāñāṇassa pariyantaṃ patto sadevakassa lokassa aggadakkhiṇeyyo hoti. Ettāvatā cassa gaṇanaṃ ādiṃ katvā vipassanāpariyosānā ānāpānassatisamādhibhāvanā samattā hotīti. Ayaṃ sabbākārato paṭhamacatukkavaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Itaresu <a name="P2.0502"></a> pana tīsu catukkesu yasmā visuṃ kammaṭṭhānabhāvanānayo nāma natthi, tasmā anupadavaṇṇanānayeneva tesaṃ evamattho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Pītipaṭisaṃvedī</span>ti pītiṃ paṭisaṃviditaṃ karonto pākaṭaṃ karonto assasissāmi passasissāmīti sikkhati. Tattha dvīhākārehi pīti paṭisaṃviditā hoti ārammaṇato ca asammohato ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ <span class="bld">ārammaṇato</span> pīti paṭisaṃviditā hoti? Sappītike dve jhāne samāpajjati, tassa samāpattikkhaṇe jhānapaṭilābhena ārammaṇato pīti paṭisaṃviditā hoti ārammaṇassa paṭisaṃviditattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ <a name="M2.0101"></a> <span class="bld">asammohato</span>? Sappītike dve jhāne samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhāya jhānasampayuttaṃ pītiṃ khayato vayato sammasati, tassa vipassanākkhaṇe lakkhaṇapaṭivedhena asammohato pīti paṭisaṃviditā hoti. Eteneva nayena avasesapadānipi atthato veditabbāni. Idaṃ panettha visesamattaṃ – tiṇṇaṃ jhānānaṃ vasena sukhapaṭisaṃviditā hoti. Catunnampi jhānānaṃ vasena cittasaṅkhārapaṭisaṃviditā veditabbā. <span class="bld">Cittasaṅkhāro</span>ti vedanāsaññākkhandhā. <span class="bld">Passambhayaṃ cittasaṅkhāra</span>nti oḷārikaṃ oḷārikaṃ cittasaṅkhāraṃ passambhento, nirodhentoti attho. So vitthārato kāyasaṅkhāre vuttanayena veditabbo. Apicettha <span class="bld">pīti</span>pade pītisīsena vedanā vuttā, <span class="bld">sukha</span>pade sarūpeneva vedanā. Dvīsu cittasaṅkhārapadesu ‘‘saññā ca vedanā ca cetasikā, ete dhammā cittapaṭibaddhā cittasaṅkhārā’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.174; ma. ni. 1.463) vacanato saññāsampayuttā vedanāti evaṃ vedanānupassanānayena idaṃ catukkaṃ bhāsitanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatiyacatukkepi catunnaṃ jhānānaṃ vasena cittapaṭisaṃviditā veditabbā. <span class="bld">Abhippamodayaṃ citta</span>nti cittaṃ modento pamodento hāsento pahāsento assasissāmi passasissāmīti sikkhati. Tattha dvīhākārehi abhippamodo hoti samādhivasena ca vipassanāvasena ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ <span class="bld">samādhivasena</span>? Sappītike <a name="P2.0503"></a> dve jhāne samāpajjati, so samāpattikkhaṇe sampayuttāya <a name="V2.0093"></a> pītiyā cittaṃ āmodeti pamodeti. Kathaṃ <span class="bld">vipassanāvasena</span>? Sappītike dve jhāne samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhāya jhānasampayuttaṃ pītiṃ khayato vayato sammasati. Evaṃ vipassanākkhaṇe jhānasampayuttaṃ pītiṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā cittaṃ āmodeti pamodeti. Evaṃ paṭipanno ‘‘abhippamodayaṃ cittaṃ assasissāmi passasissāmīti sikkhatī’’ti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samādahaṃ citta</span>nti paṭhamajjhānādivasena ārammaṇe cittaṃ samaṃ ādahanto samaṃ ṭhapento, tāni vā pana jhānāni samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhāya jhānasampayuttaṃ cittaṃ khayato vayato sammasato vipassanākkhaṇe lakkhaṇapaṭivedhena uppajjati khaṇikacittekaggatā, evaṃ uppannāya khaṇikacittekaggatāya vasenapi ārammaṇe cittaṃ samaṃ ādahanto samaṃ ṭhapento ‘‘samādahaṃ cittaṃ assasissāmi passasissāmīti sikkhatī’’ti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vimocayaṃ</span> <a name="M2.0102"></a> <span class="bld">citta</span>nti paṭhamajjhānena nīvaraṇehi cittaṃ mocento vimocento, dutiyena vitakkavicārehi, tatiyena pītiyā, catutthena sukhadukkhehi cittaṃ mocento vimocento, tāni vā pana jhānāni samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhāya jhānasampayuttaṃ cittaṃ khayato vayato sammasati. So vipassanākkhaṇe aniccānupassanāya niccasaññāto cittaṃ mocento vimocento, dukkhānupassanāya sukhasaññāto, anattānupassanāya attasaññāto, nibbidānupassanāya nandito, virāgānupassanāya rāgato, nirodhānupassanāya samudayato, paṭinissaggānupassanāya ādānato cittaṃ mocento vimocento assasati ceva passasati ca. Tena vuccati – ‘‘vimocayaṃ cittaṃ assasissāmi passasissāmīti sikkhatī’’ti. Evaṃ cittānupassanāvasena idaṃ catukkaṃ bhāsitanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Catutthacatukke pana <span class="bld">aniccānupassī</span>ti ettha tāva aniccaṃ veditabbaṃ, aniccatā veditabbā, aniccānupassanā veditabbā, aniccānupassī veditabbo. Tattha <span class="bld">anicca</span>nti pañcakkhandhā. Kasmā? Uppādavayaññathattabhāvā. <span class="bld">Aniccatā</span>ti tesaṃyeva uppādavayaññathattaṃ, hutvā abhāvo vā, nibbattānaṃ tenevākārena aṭṭhatvā khaṇabhaṅgena bhedoti <a name="P2.0504"></a> attho. <span class="bld">Aniccānupassanā</span>ti tassā aniccatāya vasena rūpādīsu ‘‘anicca’’nti anupassanā. <span class="bld">Aniccānupassī</span>ti tāya anupassanāya samannāgato. Tasmā evaṃbhūto assasanto ca passasanto ca idha ‘‘aniccānupassī assasissāmi passasissāmīti sikkhatī’’ti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Virāgānupassī</span>ti ettha pana dve virāgā khayavirāgo ca accantavirāgo ca. Tattha <span class="bld">khayavirāgo</span>ti <a name="V2.0094"></a> saṅkhārānaṃ khaṇabhaṅgo. <span class="bld">Accantavirāgo</span>ti nibbānaṃ. <span class="bld">Virāgānupassanā</span>ti tadubhayadassanavasena pavattā vipassanā ca maggo ca. Tāya duvidhāyapi anupassanāya samannāgato hutvā assasanto ca passasanto ca ‘‘virāgānupassī assasissāmi passasissāmīti sikkhatī’’ti veditabbo. <span class="bld">Nirodhānupassī</span>padepi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭinissaggānupassī</span>ti etthāpi dve paṭinissaggā pariccāgapaṭinissaggo ca pakkhandanapaṭinissaggo ca. Paṭinissaggoyeva anupassanā paṭinissaggānupassanā, vipassanāmaggānametaṃ adhivacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Vipassanā</span>ti tadaṅgavasena saddhiṃ khandhābhisaṅkhārehi kilese pariccajati, saṅkhatadosadassanena ca tabbiparīte nibbāne <a name="M2.0103"></a> tanninnatāya pakkhandatīti <span class="bld">pariccāgapaṭinissaggo</span> ceva <span class="bld">pakkhandanapaṭinissaggo</span> cāti vuccati. <span class="bld">Maggo</span> samucchedavasena saddhiṃ khandhābhisaṅkhārehi kilese pariccajati, ārammaṇakaraṇena ca nibbāne pakkhandatīti <span class="bld">pariccāgapaṭinissaggo</span> ceva <span class="bld">pakkhandanapaṭinissaggo</span> cāti vuccati. Ubhayampi pana purimapurimañāṇānaṃ anuanu passanato anupassanāti vuccati. Tāya duvidhāyapi paṭinissaggānupassanāya samannāgato hutvā assasanto ca passasanto ca ‘‘paṭinissaggānupassī assasissāmi passasissāmīti sikkhatī’’ti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca ‘‘aniccānupassī’’ti taruṇavipassanāya vasena vuttaṃ, ‘‘virāgānupassī’’ti tato balavatarāya saṅkhāresu virajjanasamatthāya vipassanāya vasena, ‘‘nirodhānupassī’’ti tato balavatarāya kilesanirodhanasamatthāya vipassanāya vasena<a name="P2.0505"></a>, ‘‘paṭinissaggānupassī’’ti maggassa āsannabhūtāya atitikkhāya vipassanāya vasena vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Yattha pana maggopi labbhati, so abhinnoyeva. Evamidaṃ catukkaṃ suddhavipassanāvasena vuttaṃ, purimāni pana tīṇi samathavipassanāvasenāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Ānāpānassatimātikāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para164"></a><span class="paranum">164</span>. Idāni yathānikkhittaṃ mātikaṃ paṭipāṭiyā bhājetvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">idhāti imissā diṭṭhiyā</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">imissā diṭṭhiyā</span>tiādīhi dasahi padehi sikkhattayasaṅkhātaṃ sabbaññubuddhasāsanameva kathitaṃ. Tañhi buddhena bhagavatā diṭṭhattā <span class="bld">diṭṭhī</span>ti vuccati, tasseva khamanavasena <span class="bld">khanti,</span> ruccanavasena <span class="bld">ruci,</span> gahaṇavasena <span class="bld">ādāyo,</span> sabhāvaṭṭhena <span class="bld">dhammo,</span> sikkhitabbaṭṭhena <span class="bld">vinayo,</span> tadubhayenapi <span class="bld">dhammavinayo,</span> pavuttavasena <span class="bld">pāvacanaṃ,</span> seṭṭhacariyaṭṭhena <span class="bld">brahmacariyaṃ</span><a name="V2.0095"></a>, anusiṭṭhidānavasena <span class="bld">satthusāsana</span>nti vuccati. Tasmā ‘‘imissā diṭṭhiyā’’tiādīsu imissā buddhadiṭṭhiyā, imissā buddhakhantiyā, imissā buddharuciyā, imasmiṃ buddhaādāye, imasmiṃ buddhadhamme, imasmiṃ buddhavinaye, imasmiṃ buddhadhammavinaye, imasmiṃ buddhapāvacane, imasmiṃ buddhabrahmacariye, imasmiṃ buddhasatthusāsaneti attho veditabbo. Apicetaṃ sikkhattayasaṅkhātaṃ sakalaṃ pāvacanaṃ bhagavatā diṭṭhattā sammādiṭṭhipaccayattā sammādiṭṭhipubbaṅgamattā ca diṭṭhi. Bhagavato khamanavasena khanti. Ruccanavasena ruci. Gahaṇavasena ādāyo<a name="M2.0104"></a>. Attano kārakaṃ apāye apatamānaṃ dhāretīti dhammo. Sova saṃkilesapakkhaṃ vinetīti vinayo. Dhammo ca so vinayo cāti dhammavinayo, kusaladhammehi vā akusaladhammānaṃ esa vinayoti dhammavinayo. Teneva vuttaṃ – ‘‘ye ca kho tvaṃ, gotami, dhamme jāneyyāsi ime dhammā virāgāya saṃvattanti, no sarāgāya…pe… ekaṃsena, gotami, dhāreyyāsi eso dhammo eso vinayo etaṃ satthusāsana’’nti (a. ni. 8.53; cūḷava. 406). Dhammena vā vinayo, na daṇḍādīhīti dhammavinayo. Vuttampi cetaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Daṇḍeneke <a name="P2.0506"></a> damayanti, aṅkusehi kasāhi ca;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Adaṇḍena asatthena, nāgo danto mahesinā’’ti. (ma. ni. 2.352; cūḷava. 342);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā ‘‘dhammena nayamānānaṃ, kā usūyā vijānata’’nti (mahāva. 63). Dhammāya vā vinayo dhammavinayo. Anavajjadhammatthaṃ hesa vinayo, na bhavabhogāmisatthaṃ. Tenāha bhagavā – ‘‘nayidaṃ, bhikkhave, brahmacariyaṃ vussati janakuhanattha’’nti (itivu. 35; a. ni. 4.25) vitthāro. Puṇṇattheropi āha – ‘‘anupādāparinibbānatthaṃ kho, āvuso, bhagavati brahmacariyaṃ vussatī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.259). Visuddhaṃ vā nayatīti vinayo, dhammato vinayo dhammavinayo. Saṃsāradhammato hi sokādidhammato vā esa visuddhaṃ nibbānaṃ nayati, dhammassa vā vinayo, na titthakarānanti dhammavinayo. Dhammabhūto hi bhagavā, tasseva esa vinayo. Yasmā vā dhammā eva abhiññeyyā pariññeyyā pahātabbā bhāvetabbā sacchikātabbā ca, tasmā esa dhammesu vinayo, na sattesu na jīvesu cāti dhammavinayo. Sātthasabyañjanatādīhi aññesaṃ vacanato padhānaṃ vacananti pavacanaṃ, pavacanameva pāvacanaṃ. Sabbacariyāhi visiṭṭhacariyabhāvena brahmacariyaṃ. Devamanussānaṃ satthubhūtassa bhagavato sāsananti satthusāsanaṃ, satthubhūtaṃ vā sāsanantipi satthusāsanaṃ. ‘‘Yo vo, ānanda, mayā dhammo ca vinayo ca desito paññatto, so vo mamaccayena satthā’’ti (dī. ni. 2.216) hi dhammavinayova <a name="V2.0096"></a> satthāti vutto. Evametesaṃ padānaṃ attho veditabbo. Yasmā pana imasmiṃyeva sāsane sabbākāraānāpānassatisamādhinibbattako bhikkhu vijjati, na aññatra, tasmā tattha tattha ‘‘imissā’’ti ca ‘‘imasmi’’nti ca ayaṃ niyamo katoti veditabbo. Ayaṃ ‘‘idhā’’timātikāya niddesassa attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Puthujjanakalyāṇako</span> <a name="M2.0105"></a> <span class="bld">vā</span>tiādinā ca bhikkhusaddassa vacanatthaṃ avatvā idhādhippetabhikkhuyeva dassito. Tattha <a name="P2.0507"></a> puthujjano ca so kilesānaṃ asamucchinnattā, kalyāṇo ca sīlādipaṭipattiyuttattāti puthujjanakalyāṇo, puthujjanakalyāṇova <span class="bld">puthujjanakalyāṇako</span>. Adhisīlādīni sikkhatīti <span class="bld">sekkho</span>. Sotāpanno vā sakadāgāmī vā anāgāmī vā. Akuppo calayitumasakkuṇeyyo arahattaphaladhammo assāti <span class="bld">akuppadhammo</span>. Sopi hi imaṃ samādhiṃ bhāveti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Araññaniddese vinayapariyāyena tāva ‘‘ṭhapetvā gāmañca gāmūpacārañca avasesaṃ arañña’’nti (pārā. 92) āgataṃ. Suttantapariyāyena āraññakaṃ bhikkhuṃ sandhāya ‘‘āraññakaṃ nāma senāsanaṃ pañcadhanusatikaṃ pacchima’’nti (pāci. 573) āgataṃ. Vinayasuttantā pana ubhopi pariyāyadesanā nāma, abhidhammo nippariyāyadesanāti abhidhammapariyāyena (vibha. 529) araññaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">nikkhamitvā bahi indakhīlā</span>ti vuttaṃ, indakhīlato bahi nikkhamitvāti attho. Nikkhamitvā bahi indakhīlantipi pāṭho, indakhīlaṃ atikkamitvā bahīti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Indakhīlo</span>ti cettha gāmassa vā nagarassa vā ummāro.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Rukkhamūlaniddese rukkhamūlassa pākaṭattā taṃ avatvāva <span class="bld">yatthā</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">yatthā</span>ti yasmiṃ rukkhamūle. Āsanti nisīdanti etthāti <span class="bld">āsanaṃ. Paññatta</span>nti ṭhapitaṃ. <span class="bld">Mañco vā</span>tiādīni āsanassa pabhedavacanāni. Mañcopi hi nisajjāyapi okāsattā idha āsanesu vutto. So pana masārakabundikābaddhakuḷīrapādakaāhaccapādakānaṃ aññataro. <span class="bld">Pīṭhaṃ</span> tesaṃ aññatarameva. <span class="bld">Bhisī</span>ti uṇṇābhisicoḷabhisivākabhisitiṇabhisipaṇṇabhisīnaṃ aññatarā. <span class="bld">Taṭṭikā</span>ti tālapaṇṇādīhi cinitvā katā. <span class="bld">Cammakhaṇḍo</span>ti nisajjāraho yo koci cammakhaṇḍo. <span class="bld">Tiṇasantharā</span>dayo tiṇādīni gumbetvā katā. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti tasmiṃ rukkhamūle. <span class="bld">Caṅkamati vā</span>tiādīhi rukkhamūlassa catuiriyāpathapavattanayogyatā kathitā. ‘‘Yatthā’’tiādīhi sabbapadehi rukkhamūlassa sandacchāyatā janavivittatā ca vuttā hoti. <span class="bld">Kenacī</span>ti kenaci samūhena. Taṃ samūhaṃ bhinditvā vitthārento <span class="bld">gahaṭṭhehi vā pabbajitehi vā</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Anākiṇṇa</span>nti <a name="P2.0508"></a> asaṃkiṇṇaṃ asambādhaṃ. Yassa senāsanassa samantā gāvutampi aḍḍhayojanampi pabbatagahanaṃ <a name="V2.0097"></a> vanagahanaṃ nadīgahanaṃ <a name="M2.0106"></a> hoti, na koci avelāya upasaṅkamituṃ sakkoti, idaṃ santikepi anākiṇṇaṃ nāma. Yaṃ pana aḍḍhayojanikaṃ vā yojanikaṃ vā hoti, idaṃ dūratāya eva anākiṇṇaṃ nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vihāro</span>ti aḍḍhayogādimuttako avasesāvāso. <span class="bld">Aḍḍhayogo</span>ti supaṇṇavaṅkagehaṃ. <span class="bld">Pāsādo</span>ti dve kaṇṇikā gahetvā kato dīghapāsādo. <span class="bld">Hammiya</span>nti upariākāsatale patiṭṭhitakūṭāgārapāsādoyeva. <span class="bld">Guhā</span>ti iṭṭhakāguhā silāguhā dāruguhā paṃsuguhāti evañhi khandhakaṭṭhakathāyaṃ (cūḷava. aṭṭha. 294) vuttaṃ. Vibhaṅgaṭṭhakathāyaṃ pana <span class="bld">vihāro</span>ti samantā parihārapathaṃ antoyeva rattiṭṭhānadivāṭṭhānāni ca dassetvā katasenāsanaṃ. <span class="bld">Guhā</span>ti bhūmiguhā, yattha rattindivaṃ dīpaṃ laddhuṃ vaṭṭati. Pabbataguhā vā bhūmiguhā vāti idaṃ dvayaṃ visesetvā vuttaṃ. Mātikāya sabbakālasādhāraṇalakkhaṇavasena ‘‘nisīdatī’’ti vattamānavacanaṃ kataṃ, idha pana nisinnassa bhāvanārambhasabbhāvato nisajjārambhapariyosānadassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">nisinno</span>ti niṭṭhānavacanaṃ kataṃ. Yasmā pana ujuṃ kāyaṃ paṇidhāya nisinnassa kāyo ujuko hoti, tasmā byañjane ādaraṃ akatvā adhippetama eva dassento <span class="bld">ujuko</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">ṭhito supaṇihito</span>ti ujukaṃ paṇihitattā ujuko hutvā ṭhito, na sayamevāti attho. <span class="bld">Pariggahaṭṭho</span>ti pariggahitaṭṭho. Kiṃ pariggahitaṃ? Niyyānaṃ. Kiṃ niyyānaṃ? Ānāpānassatisamādhiyeva yāva arahattamaggā niyyānaṃ. Tenāha<span class="bld">niyyānaṭṭho</span>ti mukhasaddassa jeṭṭhakatthavasena saṃsārato niyyānaṭṭho <a name="P2.0509"></a> vutto. <span class="bld">Upaṭṭhānaṭṭho</span>ti sabhāvaṭṭhoyeva. Sabbehi panetehi padehi pariggahitaniyyānaṃ satiṃ katvāti attho vutto hoti. Keci pana ‘‘pariggahaṭṭhoti satiyā pariggahaṭṭho, niyyānaṭṭhoti assāsapassāsānaṃ pavisananikkhamanadvāraṭṭho’’ti vaṇṇayanti. Pariggahitaassāsapassāsaniyyānaṃ satiṃ upaṭṭhapetvāti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para165"></a><span class="paranum">165</span>. <span class="bld">Bāttiṃsāya ākārehī</span>ti tāsu tāsu avatthāsu yathākkamena labbhamānānaṃ anavasesapariyādānavasena vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Dīghaṃ assāsavasenā</span>ti mātikāya ‘‘dīgha’’ntivuttaassāsavasena. Evaṃ sesesu. <span class="bld">Ekaggata</span>nti ekaggabhāvaṃ. <span class="bld">Avikkhepa</span>nti avikkhipanaṃ. Ekaggatā eva <a name="M2.0107"></a> hi nānārammaṇesu cittassa avikkhipanato avikkhepoti vuccati. <span class="bld">Pajānato</span>ti asammohavasena pajānantassa, vindantassāti vā attho. ‘‘Avikkhepo me paṭiladdho’’ti ārammaṇakaraṇavasena pajānantassa vā. <span class="bld">Tāya satiyā</span>ti tāya upaṭṭhitāya satiyā. <span class="bld">Tena ñāṇenā</span>ti tena avikkhepajānanañāṇena. <span class="bld">Sato kārī hotī</span>ti ettha yasmā ñāṇasampayuttā <a name="V2.0098"></a> eva sati satīti adhippetā, yathāha – ‘‘satimā hoti paramena satinepakkena samannāgato’’ti (vibha. 467). Tasmā ‘‘sato’’ti vacaneneva ñāṇampi gahitameva hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para166"></a><span class="paranum">166</span>. <span class="bld">Addhānasaṅkhāte</span>ti dīghasaṅkhāte kāle. Dīgho hi maggo addhānoti vuccati. Ayampi kālo dīghattā addhāno viya addhānoti vutto. ‘‘Assasatī’’ti ca ‘‘passasatī’’ti ca assāsañca passāsañca visuṃ visuṃ vatvāpi bhāvanāya nirantarappavattidassanatthaṃ ‘‘assasatipi passasatipī’’ti puna samāsetvā vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Chando uppajjatī</span>ti bhāvanābhivuddhiyā bhiyyobhāvāya chando jāyati. <span class="bld">Sukhumatara</span>nti passambhanasabbhāvato vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Pāmojjaṃ uppajjatī</span>ti bhāvanāpāripūriyā pīti jāyati. <span class="bld">Assāsapassāsāpi cittaṃ vivattatī</span>ti assāsapassāse nissāya paṭibhāganimitte uppajjante pakatiassāsapassāsato cittaṃ nivattati. <span class="bld">Upekkhā saṇṭhātī</span>ti tasmiṃ paṭibhāganimitte upacārappanāsamādhipattiyā puna samādhāne byāpārābhāvato tatramajjhattupekkhā saṇṭhāti nāma. <span class="bld">Navahākārehī</span>ti ettha bhāvanārambhato pabhuti pure chanduppādā ‘‘assasatipi passasatipī’’ti vuttā tayo ākārā, chanduppādato pabhuti pure pāmojjuppādā tayo, pāmojjuppādato pabhuti tayoti nava ākārā. <span class="bld">Kāyo</span>ti <a name="P2.0510"></a> cuṇṇavicuṇṇāpi assāsapassāsā samūhaṭṭhena kāyo. Pakatiassāsapakatipassāse nissāya uppannanimittampi assāsapassāsāti nāmaṃ labhati. <span class="bld">Upaṭṭhānaṃ satī</span>ti taṃ ārammaṇaṃ upecca tiṭṭhatīti sati upaṭṭhānaṃ nāma. <span class="bld">Anupassanā ñāṇa</span>nti samathavasena nimittakāyānupassanā, vipassanāvasena nāmakāyarūpakāyānupassanā ñāṇanti attho. <span class="bld">Kāyo upaṭṭhāna</span>nti so kāyo upecca tiṭṭhati ettha satīti upaṭṭhānaṃ nāma. <span class="bld">No satī</span>ti so kāyo sati nāma na hotīti attho. <span class="bld">Tāya satiyā</span>ti idāni vuttāya satiyā. <span class="bld">Tena ñāṇenā</span>ti idāneva <a name="M2.0108"></a> vuttena ñāṇena. <span class="bld">Taṃ kāyaṃ anupassatī</span>ti samathavipassanāvasena yathāvuttaṃ kāyaṃ anugantvā jhānasampayuttañāṇena vā vipassanāñāṇena vā passati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Mātikāya kāyādīnaṃ padānaṃ abhāvepi imassa catukkassa kāyānupassanāvasena vuttattā idāni vattabbaṃ ‘‘kāye kāyānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānabhāvanā’’ti vacanaṃ sandhāya kāyapadaniddeso kato. <span class="bld">Kāye kāyānupassanā</span>ti bahuvidhe kāye tassa tassa kāyassa anupassanā. Atha vā kāye kāyānupassanā, na aññadhammānupassanāti vuttaṃ hoti. Aniccadukkhānattāsubhabhūte kāye na niccasukhattasubhānupassanā, atha kho aniccadukkhānattāsubhato kāyasseva anupassanā. Atha vā kāye ahanti vā mamanti vā itthīti vā purisoti vā gahetabbassa kassaci ananupassanato tasseva kāyamattassa anupassanāti vuttaṃ hoti. Upari <span class="bld">vedanāsu vedanānupassanā</span>tiādīsu <a name="V2.0099"></a> tīsupi eseva nayo. Satiyeva upaṭṭhānaṃ satipaṭṭhānaṃ, kāyānupassanāya sampayuttaṃ satipaṭṭhānaṃ kāyānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānaṃ, tassa bhāvanā <span class="bld">kāyānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānabhāvanā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para167"></a><span class="paranum">167</span>.<span class="bld"> Taṃ kāya</span>nti aniddiṭṭhepi nāmarūpakāye kāyasaddena tassāpi saṅgahitattā niddiṭṭhaṃ viya katvā vuttaṃ. Aniccānupassanādayo hi nāmarūpakāye eva labbhanti, na nimittakāye. Anupassanā ca bhāvanā ca vuttatthā eva. <span class="bld">Dīghaṃ assāsapassāsavasenā</span>tiādi ānāpānassatibhāvanāya ānisaṃsaṃ dassetuṃ vuttaṃ. Tassā hi sativepullatāñāṇavepullatā <a name="P2.0511"></a> ca ānisaṃso. Tattha <span class="bld">cittassa ekaggataṃ avikkhepaṃ pajānato</span>ti paṭiladdhajjhānassa vipassanākāle cittekaggataṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Viditā vedanā</span>ti sāmaññato udayadassanena viditā vedanā. <span class="bld">Viditā upaṭṭhahantī</span>ti khayato vayato suññato viditā upaṭṭhahanti. <span class="bld">Viditā abbhatthaṃ gacchantī</span>ti sāmaññato vayadassanena viditā vināsaṃ gacchanti, bhijjantīti attho. <span class="bld">Saññāvitakkesupi</span> eseva nayo. Imesu pana tīsu vuttesu sesā rūpadhammāpi vuttā honti. Kasmā pana ime tayo eva vuttāti ce? Duppariggahattā. Vedanāsu tāva sukhadukkhā pākaṭā, upekkhā pana sukhumā duppariggahā, na suṭṭhu pākaṭā. Sāpi cassa pākaṭā hoti, saññā ākāramattaggāhakattā na yathāsabhāvaggāhinī<a name="M2.0109"></a>. Sā ca sabhāvasāmaññalakkhaṇaggāhakena vipassanāñāṇena sampayuttā ati viya apākaṭā. Sāpi cassa pākaṭā hoti, vitakko ñāṇapatirūpakattā ñāṇato visuṃ katvā duppariggaho. Ñāṇapatirūpako hi vitakko. Yathāha – ‘‘yā cāvuso visākha, sammādiṭṭhi yo ca sammāsaṅkappo, ime dhammā paññākkhandhe saṅgahitā’’ti (ma. ni. 1.462). Sopi cassa vitakko pākaṭo hotīti evaṃ duppariggahesu vuttesu sesā vuttāva hontīti. Imesaṃ pana padānaṃ niddese <span class="bld">kathaṃ viditā vedanā uppajjantī</span>ti pucchitvā taṃ avissajjetvāva vedanuppādassa viditatteyeva vissajjite vedanāya viditattaṃ vissajjitaṃ hotīti <span class="bld">kathaṃ vedanāya uppādo vidito hotī</span>tiādimāha. Sesesupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Avijjāsamudayā avijjānirodhā</span>tiādayo heṭṭhā vuttatthā eva. Imināva nayena saññāvitakkāpi veditabbā. Vitakkavāre pana ‘‘phassasamudayā phassanirodhā’’ti avatvā phassaṭṭhāne <span class="bld">saññāsamudayā saññānirodhā</span>ti vuttaṃ. Taṃ kasmā iti ce? Saññāmūlakattā vitakkassa. ‘‘Saññānānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati saṅkappanānatta’’nti (dī. ni. 3.359) hi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aniccato manasikaroto</span>tiādīsu ca ‘‘vedanaṃ aniccato manasikaroto’’tiādinā nayena tasmiṃ tasmiṃ vāre so soyeva dhammo yojetabbo. Yasmā pana vipassanāsampayuttā <a name="P2.0512"></a> vedanā vipassanākiccakaraṇe asamatthattā vipassanāya anupakārikā, tasmāyeva ca bodhipakkhiyadhammesu <a name="V2.0100"></a> nāgatā. Vipassanāsampayuttāya pana saññāya kiccameva aparibyattaṃ, tasmā sā vipassanāya ekantamanupakārikā eva. Vitakkaṃ pana vinā vipassanākiccameva natthi. Vitakkasahāyā hi vipassanā sakakiccaṃ karoti. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Paññā attano dhammatāya aniccaṃ dukkhamanattāti ārammaṇaṃ nicchetuṃ na sakkoti, vitakke pana ākoṭetvā ākoṭetvā dente sakkoti. Kathaṃ? Yathā hi heraññiko kahāpaṇaṃ hatthe ṭhapetvā sabbabhāgesu oloketukāmo samānopi na cakkhutaleneva parivattetuṃ sakkoti, aṅgulipabbehi pana parivattetvā parivattetvā ito cito ca oloketuṃ sakkoti, evameva na paññā attano dhammatāya aniccādivasena <a name="M2.0110"></a> ārammaṇaṃ nicchetuṃ sakkoti, abhiniropanalakkhaṇena pana āhananapariyāhananarasena vitakkena ākoṭentena viya parivattentena viya ca ādāyādāya dinnameva nicchetuṃ sakkotī’’ti (visuddhi. 2.568).</p>
<p class="unindented">Tasmā vedanāsaññānaṃ vipassanāya anupakārattā lakkhaṇamattavaseneva dassetuṃ ‘‘vedanāya saññāyā’’ti tattha tattha ekavacanena niddeso kato. Yattako pana vipassanāya bhedo, tattako eva vitakkassāti dassetuṃ ‘‘vitakkāna’’nti tattha tattha bahuvacanena niddeso katoti vattuṃ yujjati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para168"></a><span class="paranum">168</span>. Puna <span class="bld">dīghaṃ assāsapassāsavasenā</span>tiādi ānāpānassatibhāvanāya sampattiṃ bhāvanāphalañca dassetuṃ vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">samodhānetī</span>ti ārammaṇaṃ ṭhapeti, ārammaṇaṃ patiṭṭhāpetīti vā attho. Samodahanabyāpārābhāvepi bhāvanāpāripūriyā eva samodahati nāma. <span class="bld">Gocara</span>nti vipassanākkhaṇe saṅkhārārammaṇaṃ, maggakkhaṇe phalakkhaṇe ca nibbānārammaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Samattha</span>nti samameva attho, samassa vā atthoti samattho. Taṃ samatthaṃ. Sesesupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Maggaṃ samodhānetī</span>ti maggaphalakkhaṇeyeva gocaraṃ nibbānameva. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ puggalo</span>ti ānāpānassatibhāvanaṃ anuyutto yogāvacarova. <span class="bld">Imasmiṃ ārammaṇe</span>ti ettha pana ‘‘kāye’’tipadena saṅgahite nāmarūpakāyasaṅkhāte saṅkhatārammaṇe teneva <a name="P2.0513"></a> kamena magge nibbānārammaṇe ca. <span class="bld">Yaṃ tassā</span>tiādīhi ārammaṇagocarasaddānaṃ ekatthatā vuttā. <span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti tassa puggalassa. <span class="bld">Pajānātīti puggalo pajānanā paññā</span>ti puggalo paññāya pajānātīti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Ārammaṇassa upaṭṭhāna</span>nti vipassanākkhaṇe saṅkhārārammaṇassa, maggaphalakkhaṇe nibbānārammaṇassa upaṭṭhānaṃ sati. Ettha ca kammatthe sāmivacanaṃ yathā rañño upaṭṭhānanti. <span class="bld">Avikkhepo</span>ti samādhi. <span class="bld">Adhiṭṭhāna</span>nti yathāvuttasaṅkhārārammaṇaṃ nibbānārammaṇañca<a name="V2.0101"></a>. Tañhi adhiṭṭhāti ettha cittanti adhiṭṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Vodāna</span>nti ñāṇaṃ. Tañhi vodāyati visujjhati tena cittanti vodānaṃ. Līnapakkhiko samādhi alīnabhāvappattiyā samabhūtattā <span class="bld">samaṃ,</span> uddhaccapakkhikaṃ ñāṇaṃ anuddhatabhāvappattiyā samabhūtattā samaṃ. Tena vipassanāmaggaphalakkhaṇesu samathavipassanānaṃ <a name="M2.0111"></a> yuganaddhatā vuttā hoti. Sati pana sabbatthikattā tadubhayasamatāya upakārikāti samaṃ, ārammaṇaṃ samatādhiṭṭhānattā samaṃ. <span class="bld">Anavajjaṭṭho</span>ti vipassanāya anavajjasabhāvo. <span class="bld">Niklesaṭṭho</span>ti maggassa nikkilesasabhāvo. Nikkilesaṭṭhoti vā pāṭho. <span class="bld">Vodānaṭṭho</span>ti phalassa parisuddhasabhāvo. <span class="bld">Paramaṭṭho</span>ti nibbānassa sabbadhammuttamasabhāvo. <span class="bld">Paṭivijjhatī</span>ti taṃ taṃ sabhāvaṃ asammohato paṭivijjhati. Ettha ca ‘‘ārammaṇassa upaṭṭhāna’’ntiādīhi sammā paṭivedho vutto. Ettheva ca vodānaṭṭhapaṭivedhassa vuttattā tena ekalakkhaṇā anavajjaṭṭhanikkilesaṭṭhaparamaṭṭhā lakkhaṇahāravasena vuttāyeva honti. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Vuttamhi ekadhamme, ye dhammā ekalakkhaṇā keci;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Vuttā bhavanti sabbe, so hāro lakkhaṇo nāmā’’ti. (netti. 4.5 niddesavāra);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Anavajjaṭṭho nikkilesaṭṭho cettha avikkhepasaṅkhātassa samassa attho payojananti samattho, vodānaṭṭho vipassanāmaggavodānaṃ <a name="P2.0514"></a> sandhāya samameva atthoti samattho, phalavodānaṃ sandhāya maggavodānasaṅkhātassa samassa atthoti samattho, paramaṭṭho pana samameva atthoti vā nibbānapayojanattā sabbassa samassa atthoti vā samattho, taṃ vuttappakāraṃ samañca samatthañca ekadesasarūpekasesaṃ katvā <span class="bld">samatthañca paṭivijjhatī</span>ti vuttaṃ. Indriyabalabojjhaṅgadhammā vipassanāmaggaphalakkhaṇepi labbhanti, maggo ca tisso ca visuddhiyo maggaphalakkhaṇeyeva, vimokkho ca vijjā ca khaye ñāṇañca maggakkhaṇeyeva, vimutti ca anuppāde ñāṇañca phalakkhaṇeyeva, sesā vipassanākkhaṇepīti. Dhammavāre <span class="bld">ime dhamme imasmiṃ ārammaṇe samodhānetī</span>ti nibbānaṃ ṭhapetvā sesā yathāyogaṃ veditabbā. Idaṃ pana yebhuyyavasena vuttaṃ. Avuttatthā panettha heṭṭhā vuttā eva. Ekekacatukkavasenettha niyyāne dassitepi catukkantogadhassa ekekassāpi bhāgassa niyyānassa upanissayattā ekekabhāgavasena niyyānaṃ dassitaṃ. Na hi ekekaṃ vinā niyyānaṃ hotīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Dīghaṃassāsapassāsaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para169"></a><span class="paranum">169</span>. Rassaniddese <a name="V2.0102"></a> <span class="bld">ittarasaṅkhāte</span>ti parittasaṅkhāte kāle. Sesamettha vuttanayena veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para170"></a><span class="paranum">170</span>. Sabbakāyapaṭisaṃvediniddese <a name="M2.0112"></a> arūpadhammesu vedanāya oḷārikattā sukhaggahaṇatthaṃ paṭhamaṃ iṭṭhāniṭṭhārammaṇasaṃvedikā vedanā vuttā, tato yaṃ vedeti, taṃ sañjānātīti evaṃ vedanāvisayassa ākāraggāhikā saññā, tato saññāvasena abhisaṅkhārikā cetanā, tato ‘‘phuṭṭho vedeti, phuṭṭho sañjānāti, phuṭṭho cetetī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 4.93) vacanato phasso, tato sabbesaṃ sādhāraṇalakkhaṇo manasikāro, cetanādīhi saṅkhārakkhandho vutto. Evaṃ tīsu khandhesu vuttesu taṃnissayo <a name="P2.0515"></a> viññāṇakkhandho vuttova hoti. <span class="bld">Nāmañcā</span>ti vuttappakāraṃ nāmañca. <span class="bld">Nāmakāyo cā</span>ti idaṃ pana nāmena nibbānassapi saṅgahitattā lokuttarānañca avipassanupagattā taṃ apanetuṃ vuttaṃ. ‘‘Kāyo’’ti hi vacanena nibbānaṃ apanītaṃ hoti nibbānassa rāsivinimuttattā. <span class="bld">Ye ca vuccanti cittasaṅkhārā</span>ti ‘‘saññā ca vedanā ca cetasikā ete dhammā cittapaṭibaddhā cittasaṅkhārā’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.174; ma. ni. 1.463) evaṃ vuccamānāpi cittasaṅkhārā idha nāmakāyeneva saṅgahitāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Mahābhūtā</span>ti mahantapātubhāvato mahābhūtasāmaññato mahāparihārato mahāvikārato mahantabhūtattā cāti mahābhūtā. Te pana – pathavī āpo tejo vāyoti cattāro. <span class="bld">Catunnañca mahābhūtānaṃ upādāyarūpa</span>nti upayogatthe sāmivacanaṃ, cattāro mahābhūte upādāya nissāya amuñcitvā pavattarūpanti attho. Taṃ pana – cakkhu sotaṃ ghānaṃ jivhā kāyo rūpaṃ saddo gandho raso itthindriyaṃ purisindriyaṃ jīvitindriyaṃ hadayavatthu ojā kāyaviññatti vacīviññatti ākāsadhātu rūpassa lahutā mudutā kammaññattā upacayo santati jaratā aniccatāti catuvīsatividhaṃ. <span class="bld">Assāso ca passāso cā</span>ti pākatikoyeva. Assāsapassāse nissāya uppannaṃ paṭibhāganimittampi tadeva nāmaṃ labhati pathavīkasiṇādīni viya. Rūpasarikkhakattā rūpanti ca nāmaṃ labhati ‘‘bahiddhā rūpāni passatī’’tiādīsu (dha. sa. 204; dī. ni. 3.338) viya. <span class="bld">Nimittañca upanibandhanā</span>ti satiupanibandhanāya nimittabhūtaṃ assāsapassāsānaṃ phusanaṭṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Ye ca vuccanti kāyasaṅkhārā</span>ti ‘‘assāsapassāsā kāyikā ete dhammā kāyapaṭibaddhā kāyasaṅkhārā’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.171; ma. ni. 1.463) evaṃ vuccamānāpi kāyasaṅkhārā idha rūpakāyeneva saṅgahitāti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Te</span> <a name="M2.0113"></a> <span class="bld">kāyā paṭividitā hontī</span>ti jhānakkhaṇe assāsapassāsanimittakāyā vipassanākkhaṇe avasesarūpārūpakāyā ārammaṇato paṭividitā honti, maggakkhaṇe asammohato <a name="V2.0103"></a> paṭividitā honti. Assāsapassāsavasena paṭiladdhajjhānassa yogissa uppannavipassanāmaggepi sandhāya <span class="bld">dīghaṃ assāsapassāsavasenā</span>tiādi <a name="P2.0516"></a> vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āvajjato pajānato</span>tiādīni sīlakathāyaṃ vuttatthāni. Te vuttappakāre kāye antokaritvā ‘‘sabbakāyapaṭisaṃvedī’’ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbakāyapaṭisaṃvedī assāsapassāsānaṃ saṃvaraṭṭhenā</span>tiādīsu ‘‘sabbakāyapaṭisaṃvedī’’tivuttaassāsapassāsato uppannajjhānavipassanāmaggesu saṃvaroyeva <span class="bld">saṃvaraṭṭhena sīlavisuddhi</span>. Avikkhepoyeva <span class="bld">avikkhepaṭṭhena cittavisuddhi</span>. Paññāyeva <span class="bld">dassanaṭṭhena diṭṭhivisuddhi</span>. Jhānavipassanāsu viratiabhāvepi pāpābhāvamattameva <span class="bld">saṃvaro</span> nāmāti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para171"></a><span class="paranum">171</span>. <span class="bld">Passambhaya</span>ntiādīnaṃ niddese <span class="bld">kāyikā</span>ti rūpakāye bhavā. <span class="bld">Kāyapaṭibaddhā</span>ti kāyaṃ paṭibaddhā kāyaṃ nissitā, kāye sati honti, asati na honti, tasmāyeva te kāyena saṅkharīyantīti <span class="bld">kāyasaṅkhārā. Passambhento</span>ti nibbāpento sannisīdāpento. Passambhanavacaneneva oḷārikānaṃ passambhanaṃ siddhaṃ. <span class="bld">Nirodhento</span>ti oḷārikānaṃ anuppādanena nirodhento. <span class="bld">Vūpasamento</span>ti oḷārikeyeva ekasantatipariṇāmanayena santabhāvaṃ nayanto. <span class="bld">Sikkhatī</span>ti adhikāravasena assasissāmīti sikkhatīti sambandho, tisso sikkhā sikkhatīti vā attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni oḷārikapassambhanaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">yathārūpehī</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">yathārūpehī</span>ti yādisehi. <span class="bld">Ānamanā</span>ti pacchato namanā. <span class="bld">Vinamanā</span>ti ubhayapassato namanā. <span class="bld">Sannamanā</span>ti sabbatopi namantassa suṭṭhu namanā. <span class="bld">Paṇamanā</span>ti purato namanā. <span class="bld">Iñjanā</span>ti kampanā. <span class="bld">Phandanā</span>ti īsakaṃ calanā. <span class="bld">Pakampanā</span>ti bhusaṃ kampanā. Yathārūpehi kāyasaṅkhārehi kāyassa ānamanā…pe… pakampanā, tathārūpaṃ kāyasaṅkhāraṃ passambhayanti ca, yā kāyassa ānamanā…pe… pakampanā, tañca passambhayanti ca sambandho kātabbo. Kāyasaṅkhāresu hi passambhitesu kāyassa ānamanādayo ca passambhitāyeva hontīti. Yathārūpehi kāyasaṅkhārehi kāyassa <a name="M2.0114"></a> na ānamanādikā hoti, tathārūpaṃ santaṃ sukhumampi kāyasaṅkhāraṃ passambhayanti ca, yā kāyassa na ānamanādikā, tañca santaṃ sukhumaṃ passambhayanti ca sambandhato <a name="P2.0517"></a> veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Santaṃ sukhuma</span>nti ca bhāvanapuṃsakavacanametaṃ. <span class="bld">Iti kirā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">iti</span> evamatthe, <span class="bld">kira</span> yadiatthe. Yadi evaṃ sukhumakepi assāsapassāse passambhayaṃ assasissāmi passasissāmīti sikkhatīti <a name="V2.0104"></a> codakena codanā āraddhā hoti. Atha vā <span class="bld">kirā</span>ti codakavacanattā asaddahanatthe asahanatthe parokkhatthe ca yujjatiyeva, evaṃ sukhumānampi passambhanaṃ sikkhatīti na saddahāmi na sahāmi apaccakkhaṃ meti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evaṃ sante</span>ti evaṃ sukhumānaṃ passambhane sante. <span class="bld">Vātūpaladdhiyā ca pabhāvanā na hotī</span>ti assāsapassāsavātassa upaladdhiyā. <span class="bld">Upaladdhī</span>ti viññāṇaṃ. Assāsapassāsavātaṃ upalabbhamānassa tadārammaṇassa bhāvanāviññāṇassa pabhāvanā uppādanā na hoti, tassa ārammaṇassa bhāvanā na hotīti attho. <span class="bld">Assāsapassāsānañca pabhāvanā na hotī</span>ti bhāvanāya sukhumakānampi assāsapassāsānaṃ nirodhanato tesañca uppādanā pavattanā na hotīti attho. <span class="bld">Ānāpānassatiyā ca pabhāvanā na hotī</span>ti assāsapassāsābhāvatoyeva tadārammaṇāya bhāvanāviññāṇasampayuttāya satiyā ca pavattanā na hoti. Tasmāyeva taṃsampayuttassa ānāpānassatisamādhissa ca bhāvanā na hoti. <span class="bld">Na ca naṃ ta</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">ca na</span>nti nipātamattaṃ ‘‘bhikkhu ca na’’ntiādīsu (pārā. 273) viya. Taṃ vuttavidhiṃ samāpattiṃ paṇḍitā na samāpajjantipi tato na vuṭṭhahantipīti sambandho. Codanāpakkhassa parihāravacane <span class="bld">iti kirā</span>ti evameva. Ettha evakāratthe kirasaddo daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Evaṃ sante</span>ti evaṃ passambhane sante eva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yathā kathaṃ viyā</span>ti yathā taṃ vuttavidhānaṃ hoti, tathā taṃ kathaṃ viyāti upamaṃ pucchati. Idāni <span class="bld">seyyathāpī</span>ti taṃ upamaṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Kaṃse</span>ti kaṃsamayabhājane. <span class="bld">Nimitta</span>nti tesaṃ saddānaṃ ākāraṃ. ‘‘Nimitta’’nti ca sāmiatthe upayogavacanaṃ, nimittassāti attho. Saddanimittañca saddato anaññaṃ. <span class="bld">Suggahitattā</span>ti suṭṭhu uggahitattā. Sugahitattātipi pāṭho, suṭṭhu gahitattāti <a name="M2.0115"></a> attho. <span class="bld">Sumanasikatattā</span>ti suṭṭhu āvajjitattā. <span class="bld">Sūpadhāritattā</span>ti suṭṭhu citte ṭhapitattā. <span class="bld">Sukhumasaddanimittārammaṇatāpī</span>ti <a name="P2.0518"></a> tadā sukhumānampi saddānaṃ niruddhattā anuggahitasaddanimittassa anārammaṇampi sukhumataraṃ saddanimittaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā sukhumataraṃ saddanimittārammaṇampi cittaṃ pavattati, sukhumatarasaddanimittārammaṇabhāvatopīti vā attho. Imināva nayena appanāyampi attho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Passambhaya</span>ntiādīsu ‘‘passambhayaṃ kāyasaṅkhāra’’nti vuttā assāsapassāsā kāyoti vā ‘‘passambhayaṃ kāyasaṅkhāra’’nti ettha assāsapassāsā kāyoti vā yojanā veditabbā. Bhāvanāvisuddhiyā kāyasaṅkhāre passambhamānepi oḷārikaṃ kāyasaṅkhāraṃ passambhemīti yogino ābhoge sati tenādarena ativiya passambhati. Anupaṭṭhahantampi sukhumaṃ suānayaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aṭṭha</span> <a name="V2.0105"></a> <span class="bld">anupassanāñāṇānī</span>ti ‘‘dīghaṃ rassaṃ sabbakāyapaṭisaṃvedī passambhayaṃ kāyasaṅkhāra’’nti vuttesu catūsu vatthūsu assāsavasena catasso, passāsavasena catassoti aṭṭha anupassanāñāṇāni. <span class="bld">Aṭṭha ca upaṭṭhānānussatiyo</span>ti ‘‘dīghaṃ assāsavasena cittassa ekaggataṃ avikkhepaṃ pajānato sati upaṭṭhitā hotī’’tiādinā (paṭi. ma. 1.170) nayena vuttesu catūsu vatthūsu assāsavasena catasso, passāsavasena catassoti aṭṭha ca upaṭṭhānānussatiyo. Aṭṭha cupaṭṭhānānussatiyotipi pāṭho. <span class="bld">Cattāri suttantikavatthūnī</span>ti bhagavatā ānāpānassatisuttante (ma. ni. 3.144 ādayo) vuttattā paṭhamacatukkavasena cattāri suttantikavatthūnīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Paṭhamacatukkaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para172"></a><span class="paranum">172</span>. Dutiyacatukkassa pītipaṭisaṃvediniddese <span class="bld">uppajjati pīti pāmojja</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">pītī</span>ti mūlapadaṃ. <span class="bld">Pāmojja</span>nti tassa atthapadaṃ, pamuditabhāvoti attho. <span class="bld">Yā pīti pāmojja</span>ntiādīsu <a name="P2.0519"></a><a name="M2.0116"></a> yā ‘‘pītī’’ti ca ‘‘pāmojja’’nti ca evamādīni nāmāni labhati, sā pītīti vuttaṃ hoti. Tattha <span class="bld">pītī</span>ti sabhāvapadaṃ. Pamuditassa bhāvo <span class="bld">pāmojjaṃ</span>. Āmodanākāro <span class="bld">āmodanā</span>. Pamodanākāro <span class="bld">pamodanā</span>. Yathā vā bhesajjānaṃ vā telānaṃ vā uṇhodakasītodakānaṃ vā ekatokaraṇaṃ modanāti vuccati, evamayampi dhammānaṃ ekatokaraṇena <span class="bld">modanā,</span> upasaggavasena pana padaṃ maṇḍetvā <span class="bld">āmodanā pamodanā</span>ti vuttaṃ. Hāsetīti <span class="bld">hāso,</span> pahāsetīti <span class="bld">pahāso,</span> haṭṭhapahaṭṭhākārānametaṃ adhivacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Vittī</span>ti vittaṃ, dhanassetaṃ nāmaṃ. Ayaṃ pana somanassapaccayattā vittisarikkhatāya vitti. Yathā hi dhanino dhanaṃ paṭicca somanassaṃ uppajjati, evaṃ pītimatopi pītiṃ paṭicca somanassaṃ uppajjati. Tasmā ‘‘vittī’’ti vuttā. Tuṭṭhisabhāvasaṇṭhitāya hi pītiyā etaṃ nāmaṃ. Pītimā pana puggalo kāyacittānaṃ uggatattā abbhuggatattā ‘‘udaggo’’ti vuccati, udaggassa bhāgo <span class="bld">odagyaṃ</span>. Attano manatā <span class="bld">attamanatā</span>. Anabhiraddhassa hi mano dukkhapadaṭṭhānattā na attano mano nāma hoti, abhiraddhassa sukhapadaṭṭhānattā attano mano nāma hoti, iti attano manatā attamanatā, sakamanatā sakamanassa bhāvoti attho. Sā pana yasmā na aññassa kassaci attano manatā, cittasseva paneso bhāvo cetasiko dhammo, tasmā <span class="bld">attamanatā cittassā</span>ti vuttā. Sesamettha ca upari ca heṭṭhā vuttanayena yojetvā veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para173"></a><span class="paranum">173</span>. Sukhapaṭisaṃvediniddese <span class="bld">dve sukhānī</span>ti samathavipassanābhūmidassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Kāyikañhi sukhaṃ vipassanāya bhūmi, cetasikaṃ sukhaṃ samathassa ca vipassanāya ca bhūmi. <span class="bld">Kāyika</span>nti <a name="V2.0106"></a> pasādakāyaṃ vinā anuppattito kāye niyuttanti kāyikaṃ. <span class="bld">Cetasika</span>nti avippayogavasena cetasi niyuttanti cetasikaṃ. Tattha kāyikapadena cetasikaṃ sukhaṃ paṭikkhipati, sukhapadena kāyikaṃ dukkhaṃ. Tathā cetasikapadena kāyikaṃ sukhaṃ paṭikkhipati, sukhapadena cetasikaṃ dukkhaṃ. <span class="bld">Sāta</span>nti madhuraṃ sumadhuraṃ. <span class="bld">Sukha</span>nti sukhameva, na dukkhaṃ. <span class="bld">Kāyasamphassaja</span>nti kāyasamphasse jātaṃ. <span class="bld">Sātaṃ sukhaṃ</span> <a name="P2.0520"></a> <span class="bld">vedayita</span>nti sātaṃ vedayitaṃ, na asātaṃ vedayitaṃ. Sukhaṃ vedayitaṃ, na dukkhaṃ vedayitaṃ. Parato tīṇi padāni itthiliṅgavasena vuttāni. Sātā vedanā, na asātā. Sukhā vedanā, na dukkhāti ayameva panettha attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Cetasikasukhaniddeso vuttapaṭipakkhanayena yojetabbo. <span class="bld">Te sukhā</span>ti liṅgavipallāso kato, tāni sukhānīti vuttaṃ hoti. Sesamettha <a name="M2.0117"></a> catukke heṭṭhā paṭhamacatukke vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ. Cattāri suttantikavatthūni dutiyacatukkavasena veditabbānīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Dutiyacatukkaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para176"></a><span class="paranum">176</span>. Tatiyacatukkaniddese <span class="bld">citta</span>nti mūlapadaṃ. <span class="bld">Viññāṇa</span>nti atthapadaṃ. <span class="bld">Yaṃ citta</span>ntiādi pītiyaṃ vuttanayena yojetabbaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">citta</span>ntiādīsu cittavicittatāya cittaṃ. Ārammaṇaṃ minamānaṃ jānātīti <span class="bld">mano. Mānasa</span>nti manoyeva. ‘‘Antalikkhacaro pāso, yvāyaṃ carati mānaso’’ti (saṃ. ni. 1.151; mahāva. 33) hi ettha pana sampayuttakadhammo mānasoti vutto.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Kathañhi bhagavā tuyhaṃ, sāvako sāsane rato;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Appattamānaso sekkho, kālaṃ kayirā jane sutā’’ti. (saṃ. ni. 1.159) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Ettha arahattaṃ mānasanti vuttaṃ. Idha pana manova mānasaṃ. Byañjanavasena hetaṃ padaṃ vaḍḍhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Hadaya</span>nti cittaṃ. ‘‘Cittaṃ vā te khipissāmi, hadayaṃ vā te phālessāmī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 1.237; su. ni. āḷavakasutta) ettha uro hadayanti vuttaṃ. ‘‘Hadayā hadayaṃ maññe aññāya tacchatī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.63) ettha cittaṃ. ‘‘Vakkaṃ hadaya’’nti (dī. ni. 2.377; ma. ni. 1.110) ettha hadayavatthu. Idha pana cittameva abbhantaraṭṭhena ‘‘hadaya’’nti <a name="V2.0107"></a> vuttaṃ. Tadeva parisuddhaṭṭhena <a name="P2.0521"></a> <span class="bld">paṇḍaraṃ</span>. Bhavaṅgaṃ sandhāyetaṃ vuttaṃ. Yathāha – ‘‘pabhassaramidaṃ, bhikkhave, cittaṃ, tañca kho āgantukehi upakkilesehi upakkiliṭṭha’’nti (a. ni. 1.49). Tato nikkhantattā pana akusalampi gaṅgāya nikkhantā nadī gaṅgā viya, godhāvarito nikkhantā godhāvarī viya ca ‘‘paṇḍara’’ntveva vuttaṃ. Yasmā pana ārammaṇavijānanalakkhaṇaṃ cittaṃ upakkilesena kileso na hoti, sabhāvato parisuddhameva hoti, upakkilesayoge pana sati upakkiliṭṭhaṃ nāma hoti, tasmāpi ‘‘paṇḍara’’nti vattuṃ yujjati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mano manāyatana</span>nti idha pana manogahaṇaṃ manasseva āyatanabhāvadīpanatthaṃ. Tenetaṃ dīpeti – ‘‘nayidaṃ devāyatanaṃ viya manassa āyatanattā manāyatanaṃ, atha kho mano eva āyatanaṃ manāyatana’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āyatana</span>ṭṭho <a name="M2.0118"></a> heṭṭhā vuttoyeva. Manate iti mano, vijānātīti attho. Aṭṭhakathācariyā panāhu – nāḷiyā minamāno viya mahātulāya dhārayamāno viya ca ārammaṇaṃ jānātīti mano, tadeva mananalakkhaṇe indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti indriyaṃ, manova indriyaṃ <span class="bld">manindriyaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vijānātīti <span class="bld">viññāṇaṃ</span>. Viññāṇameva khandho <span class="bld">viññāṇakkhandho</span>. Ruḷhito khandho vutto. Rāsaṭṭhena hi viññāṇakkhandhassa ekadeso ekaṃ viññāṇaṃ. Tasmā yathā rukkhassa ekadesaṃ chindanto rukkhaṃ chindatīti vuccati, evameva viññāṇakkhandhassa ekadesabhūtaṃ ekampi viññāṇaṃ ruḷhito ‘‘viññāṇakkhandho’’ti vuttaṃ. Yasmā pana rāsaṭṭhoyeva khandhaṭṭho na hoti, koṭṭhāsaṭṭhopi khandhaṭṭhoyeva, tasmā koṭṭhāsaṭṭhena viññāṇakoṭṭhāsotipi attho. <span class="bld">Tajjā manoviññāṇadhātū</span>ti tesaṃ phassādīnaṃ sampayuttadhammānaṃ anucchavikā manoviññāṇadhātu. Imasmiñhi pade ekameva cittaṃ minanaṭṭhena mano, vijānanaṭṭhena viññāṇaṃ, sabhāvaṭṭhena, nissattaṭṭhena vā dhātūti tīhi nāmehi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="hangnum"><a name="para177"></a><span class="paranum">177</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"> <span class="bld">Abhippamodo</span>ti adhikā tuṭṭhi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para178"></a><span class="paranum">178</span>. Samādhiniddese acalabhāvena ārammaṇe tiṭṭhatīti <span class="bld">ṭhiti</span>. Parato padadvayaṃ upasaggavasena vaḍḍhitaṃ<a name="P2.0522"></a>. Apica sampayuttadhamme ārammaṇamhi sampiṇḍetvā tiṭṭhatīti <span class="bld">saṇṭhiti</span>. Ārammaṇaṃ ogāhetvā anupavisitvā tiṭṭhatīti <span class="bld">avaṭṭhiti</span>. Kusalapakkhasmiṃ hi cattāro dhammā ārammaṇaṃ ogāhanti saddhā sati samādhi paññāti. Teneva saddhā ‘‘okappanā’’ti vuttā, sati <a name="V2.0108"></a> ‘‘apilāpanatā’’ti, samādhi ‘‘avaṭṭhitī’’ti, paññā ‘‘pariyogāhanā’’ti. Akusalapakkhe pana tayo dhammā ārammaṇaṃ ogāhanti taṇhā diṭṭhi avijjāti. Teneva te ‘‘oghā’’ti vuttā. Uddhaccavicikicchāvasena pavattassa visāhārassa paṭipakkhato <span class="bld">avisāhāro,</span> avisāharaṇanti attho. Uddhaccavicikicchāvaseneva gacchantaṃ cittaṃ vikkhipati nāma, ayaṃ pana tathā na hotīti <span class="bld">avikkhepo</span>. Uddhaccavicikicchāvaseneva cittaṃ visāhaṭaṃ nāma hoti, ito cito ca harīyati, ayaṃ pana avisāhaṭassa mānasassa bhāvoti <span class="bld">avisāhaṭamānasatā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samatho</span>ti <a name="M2.0119"></a> tividho samatho cittasamatho adhikaraṇasamatho sabbasaṅkhārasamathoti. Tattha aṭṭhasu samāpattīsu cittekaggatā <span class="bld">cittasamatho</span> nāma. Tañhi āgamma cittacalanaṃ cittavipphandanaṃ sammati vūpasammati, tasmā so ‘‘cittasamatho’’ti vuccati. Sammukhāvinayādisattavidho <span class="bld">adhikaraṇasamatho</span> nāma. Tañhi āgamma tāni tāni adhikaraṇāni sammanti vūpasammanti, tasmā so ‘‘adhikaraṇasamatho’’ti vuccati. Yasmā pana sabbe saṅkhārā nibbānaṃ āgamma sammanti vūpasammanti, tasmā taṃ <span class="bld">sabbasaṅkhārasamatho</span>ti vuccati. Imasmiṃ atthe cittasamatho adhippeto. Samādhilakkhaṇe indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti <span class="bld">samādhindriyaṃ</span>. Uddhacce na kampatīti <span class="bld">samādhibalaṃ. Sammāsamādhī</span>ti yāthāvasamādhi niyyānikasamādhi kusalasamādhi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para179"></a><span class="paranum">179</span>. <span class="bld">Rāgato vimocayaṃ citta</span>ntiādīhi dasahi kilesavatthūhi vimocanaṃ vuttaṃ. Thinaggahaṇeneva cettha middhaggahaṇaṃ, uddhaccaggahaṇeneva ca kukkuccaggahaṇaṃ kataṃ hotīti aññesu pāṭhesu sahacārittā kilesavatthuto vimocanavacaneneva paṭhamajjhānādīhi nīvaraṇādito vimocanaṃ, aniccānupassanādīhi niccasaññādito ca vimocanaṃ vuttameva <a name="P2.0523"></a> hotīti. <span class="bld">Kathaṃ taṃ cittaṃ anupassatī</span>ti ettha peyyāle ca aniccānupassanādīhi niccasaññādīnaṃ pahānaṃ vuttameva. Cattāri suttantikavatthūni tatiyacatukkavasena veditabbānīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Tatiyacatukkaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para180"></a><span class="paranum">180</span>. Catutthacatukkaniddese ‘‘aniddiṭṭhe napuṃsaka’’nti vacanato asukanti aniddiṭṭhattā ‘‘aniccanti kiṃ anicca’’nti napuṃsakavacanena pucchā katā. <span class="bld">Uppādavayaṭṭhenā</span>ti uppādavayasaṅkhātena atthena, uppādavayasabhāvenāti attho. Ettha ca pañcakkhandhā sabhāvalakkhaṇaṃ, pañcannaṃ khandhānaṃ uppādavayā vikāralakkhaṇaṃ. Etena hutvā abhāvena aniccāti vuttaṃ hoti. Teneva <a name="V2.0109"></a> ca aṭṭhakathāyaṃ ‘‘saṅkhatalakkhaṇavasena aniccatāti tesaṃyeva uppādavayaññathatta’’nti ca vatvāpi ‘‘hutvā abhāvo vā’’ti vuttaṃ. Etena hutvā abhāvākāro aniccalakkhaṇanti vuttaṃ hoti. ‘‘Pañcannaṃ khandhānaṃ udayabbayaṃ passanto imāni paññāya lakkhaṇānī’’ti peyyālaṃ katvā vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Dhammā</span>ti rūpakkhandhādayo yathāvuttadhammā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Virāgānupassīniddese <a name="M2.0120"></a> <span class="bld">rūpe ādīnavaṃ disvā</span>ti bhaṅgānupassanato paṭṭhāya parato vuttehi aniccaṭṭhādīhi rūpakkhandhe ādīnavaṃ disvā. <span class="bld">Rūpavirāge</span>ti nibbāne. Nibbānañhi āgamma rūpaṃ virajjati apunaruppattidhammataṃ āpajjanena nirujjhati, tasmā nibbānaṃ ‘‘rūpavirāgo’’ti vuccati. <span class="bld">Chandajāto hotī</span>ti anussavavasena uppannadhammacchando hoti. <span class="bld">Saddhādhimutto</span>ti tasmiṃyeva nibbāne saddhāya ca adhimutto nicchito. <span class="bld">Cittañcassa svādhiṭṭhita</span>nti assa yogissa cittaṃ khayavirāgasaṅkhāte rūpabhaṅge ārammaṇavasena<a name="P2.0524"></a>, accanta virāgasaṅkhāte rūpavirāge nibbāne anussavavasena suṭṭhu adhiṭṭhitaṃ suṭṭhu patiṭṭhitaṃ hotīti sambandhato veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Rūpe virāgānupassī</span>ti rūpassa khayavirāgo rūpe virāgoti pakatibhummavacanena vutto. Rūpassa accantavirāgo rūpe virāgoti nimittatthe bhummavacanena vutto. Taṃ duvidhampi virāgaṃ ārammaṇato ajjhāsayato ca anupassanasīlo ‘‘rūpe virāgānupassī’’ti vutto. Esa nayo vedanādīsu. Nirodhānupassīpadaniddesepi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para181"></a><span class="paranum">181</span>. <span class="bld">Katihākārehī</span>tiādi panettha viseso – tattha avijjādīnaṃ paṭiccasamuppādaṅgānaṃ ādīnavanirodhadassaneneva rūpādīnampi ādīnavanirodhā dassitā honti tesampi paṭiccasamuppādaṅgānativattanato. Iminā eva ca visesavacanena virāgānupassanato nirodhānupassanāya visiṭṭhabhāvo vutto hoti. Tattha <span class="bld">aniccaṭṭhenā</span>ti khayaṭṭhena, hutvā abhāvaṭṭhena vā. <span class="bld">Dukkhaṭṭhenā</span>ti bhayaṭṭhena, paṭipīḷanaṭṭhena vā. <span class="bld">Anattaṭṭhenā</span>ti asārakaṭṭhena, avasavattanaṭṭhena vā. <span class="bld">Santāpaṭṭhenā</span>ti kilesasantāpanaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Vipariṇāmaṭṭhenā</span>ti jarābhaṅgavasena dvidhā pariṇāmanaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Nidānanirodhenā</span>ti mūlapaccayābhāvena. <span class="bld">Nirujjhatī</span>ti na bhavati. <span class="bld">Samudayanirodhenā</span>ti āsannapaccayābhāvena. Mūlapaccayo hi byādhissa asappāyabhojanaṃ viya nidānanti vutto, āsannapaccayo byādhissa vātapittasemhā viya samudayoti vutto. Nidānañhi nicchayena dadāti phalamiti nidānaṃ, samudayo pana suṭṭhu udeti etasmā phalamiti samudayo. <span class="bld">Jātinirodhenā</span>ti mūlapaccayassa uppattiabhāvena. <span class="bld">Pabhavanirodhenā</span>ti āsannapaccayassa uppattiabhāvena. Jātiyeva hi pabhavati etasmā dukkhanti pabhavoti vattuṃ yujjati. <span class="bld">Hetunirodhenā</span>ti janakapaccayābhāvena. <span class="bld">Paccayanirodhenā</span>ti upatthambhakapaccayābhāvena. Mūlapaccayopi hi <a name="V2.0110"></a> āsannapaccayo ca janakapaccayo <a name="P2.0525"></a> upatthambhakapaccayo ca hotiyeva. Etehi tikkhavipassanākkhaṇe <a name="M2.0121"></a> tadaṅganirodho, maggakkhaṇe samucchedanirodho vutto hoti. <span class="bld">Ñāṇuppādenā</span>ti tikkhavipassanāñāṇassa vā maggañāṇassa vā uppādena. <span class="bld">Nirodhupaṭṭhānenā</span>ti vipassanākkhaṇe paccakkhato khayanirodhassa anussavavasena nirodhasaṅkhātassa nibbānassa upaṭṭhānena, maggakkhaṇe paccakkhato ca nibbānassa upaṭṭhānena. Etehi visayavisayiniyamova kato hoti, tadaṅgasamucchedanirodho ca vutto hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para182"></a><span class="paranum">182</span>. Paṭinissaggānupassīpadaniddese <span class="bld">rūpaṃ pariccajatī</span>ti ādīnavadassanena nirapekkhatāya rūpakkhandhaṃ pariccajati. <span class="bld">Pariccāgapaṭinissaggo</span>ti pariccāgaṭṭhena paṭinissaggoti vuttaṃ hoti. Etena paṭinissaggapadassa pariccāgaṭṭho vutto, tasmā kilesānaṃ pajahananti attho. Ettha ca vuṭṭhānagāminī vipassanā kilese tadaṅgavasena pariccajati, maggo samucchedavasena. <span class="bld">Rūpanirodhe nibbāne cittaṃ pakkhandatī</span>ti vuṭṭhānagāminī taṃninnatāya pakkhandati, maggo ārammaṇakaraṇena. <span class="bld">Pakkhandanapaṭinissaggo</span>ti pakkhandanaṭṭhena paṭinissaggoti vuttaṃ hoti. Etena paṭinissaggapadassa pakkhandanaṭṭho vutto, tasmā cittassa nibbāne vissajjananti attho. Cattāri suttantikavatthūni catutthacatukkavasena veditabbāni. Imasmiṃ catukke jarāmaraṇe vattabbaṃheṭṭhā vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ. Satipaṭṭhānesu ca ‘‘kāye kāyānupassanā, citte cittānupassanā’’ti kāyacittānaṃ ekattavohāravasena ekavacananiddeso kato. ‘‘Vedanāsu vedanānupassanā, dhammesu dhammānupassanā’’ti vedanādhammānaṃ nānattavohāravasena bahuvacananiddeso katoti veditabboti.</p>
<p class="centered">Catutthacatukkaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Niṭṭhitā ca satokāriñāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="title">6. Ñāṇarāsichakkaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para183"></a><span class="paranum">183</span>. Idāni chahi rāsīhi uddiṭṭhañāṇesu catuvīsatisamādhiñāṇaniddese tāva kāyānupassanādīnaṃ tiṇṇaṃ catukkānaṃ vasena dvādasannaṃ vatthūnaṃ ekekasmiṃ assāsavasena eko<a name="P2.0526"></a>, passāsavasena ekoti dve <a name="M2.0122"></a> dve samādhīti dvādasasu vatthūsu catuvīsati samādhayo honti. Jhānakkhaṇe tehi sampayuttāni catuvīsatisamādhivasena ñāṇāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dvāsattativipassanāñāṇaniddese <a name="V2.0111"></a> <span class="bld">dīghaṃ assāsā</span>ti ‘‘dīgha’’ntivuttaassāsato. Kiṃ vuttaṃ hoti? Dīghaṃ assāsahetu jhānaṃ paṭilabhitvā samāhitena cittena vipassanākkhaṇe aniccato anupassanaṭṭhena vipassanāti vuttaṃ hoti. Esa nayo uttaratrāpi. Tesaṃyeva dvādasannaṃ vatthūnaṃ ekekasmiṃ assāsavasena tisso, passāsavasena tissoti cha cha anupassanāti dvādasasu vatthūsu dvāsattati anupassanā honti. Tā eva dvāsattati anupassanā dvāsattativipassanāvasena ñāṇāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nibbidāñāṇaniddese <span class="bld">aniccānupassī assasa</span>nti aniccānupassī hutvā assasanto, aniccānupassī hutvā vattentoti attho. ‘‘Assasa’’nti ca idaṃ vacanaṃ hetuatthe daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Yathābhūtaṃ jānāti passatīti nibbidāñāṇa</span>nti kalāpasammasanato paṭṭhāya yāva bhaṅgānupassanā pavattavipassanāñāṇena saṅkhārānaṃ yathāsabhāvaṃ jānāti, cakkhunā diṭṭhamiva ca teneva ñāṇacakkhunā passati. Tasmā nibbidāñāṇaṃ nāmāti attho, saṅkhāresu nibbindañāṇaṃ nāmāti vuttaṃ hoti. Upari bhayatūpaṭṭhānādīnaṃ muñcitukamyatādīnañca ñāṇānaṃ visuṃ āgatattā idha yathāvuttāneva vipassanāñāṇāni nibbidāñāṇānīti veditabbāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nibbidānulomañāṇaniddese <span class="bld">aniccānupassī assasa</span>nti aniccānupassino assasantassa. Sāmiatthe paccattavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhayatupaṭṭhāne paññā</span>tivacaneneva bhayatupaṭṭhānaādīnavānupassanānibbidānupassanāñāṇāni vuttāni honti tiṇṇaṃ ekalakkhaṇattā. Imāni tīṇi ñāṇāni anantarā vuttānaṃ nibbidāñāṇānaṃ anukūlabhāvena anulomato nibbidānulomañāṇānīti vuttāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nibbidāpaṭippassaddhiñāṇaniddese <span class="bld">aniccānupassī assasa</span>nti anantarasadisameva. <span class="bld">Paṭisaṅkhā santiṭṭhanā paññā</span>tivacaneneva <a name="P2.0527"></a> muñcitukamyatāpaṭisaṅkhānupassanāsaṅkhārupekkhāñāṇāni vuttāni honti tiṇṇaṃ ekalakkhaṇattā. ‘‘Paṭisaṅkhā santiṭṭhanā’’tivacaneneva anulomañāṇamaggañāṇānipi gahitāni honti<a name="M2.0123"></a>. Saṅkhārupekkhāñāṇaanulomañāṇānipi hi nibbidāya sikhāppattattā nibbidājananabyāpārappahānena nibbidāpaṭippassaddhiñāṇāni nāma honti. Maggañāṇaṃ pana nibbidāpaṭippassaddhante uppajjanato nibbidāpaṭippassaddhiñāṇaṃ nāma hotīti ativiya yujjatīti. Nibbidānulomañāṇesu viya ādibhūtaṃ muñcitukamyatāñāṇaṃ aggahetvā ‘‘paṭisaṅkhā santiṭṭhanā’’ti ante ñāṇadvayaggahaṇaṃ maggañāṇasaṅgahaṇatthaṃ. Muñcitukamyatāti hi vutte anulomañāṇaṃ saṅgayhati, na maggañāṇaṃ. Maggañāṇañhi muñcitukamyatā nāma na hoti, kiccasiddhiyaṃ <a name="V2.0112"></a> santiṭṭhanato pana santiṭṭhanā nāma hoti. Aṭṭhakathāyampi ca ‘‘phusanāti appanā’’ti vuttaṃ. Idañca maggañāṇaṃ nibbāne appanāti katvā santiṭṭhanā nāma hotīti ‘‘santiṭṭhanā’’tivacanena maggañāṇampi saṅgayhati. Nibbidānulomañāṇānipi atthato nibbidāñāṇāneva hontīti tānipi nibbidāñāṇehi saṅgahetvā nibbidāpaṭippassaddhiñāṇānīti nibbidāgahaṇameva kataṃ, na nibbidānulomaggahaṇaṃ. Tīsupi cetesu ñāṇaṭṭhakaniddesesu catutthassa dhammānupassanācatukkassa vasena vuttānaṃ catunnaṃ vatthūnaṃ ekekasmiṃ assāsavasena ekaṃ, passāsavasena ekanti dve dve ñāṇānīti catūsu vatthūsu aṭṭha ñāṇāni honti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vimuttisukhañāṇaniddese <span class="bld">pahīnattā</span>ti pahānaṃ dassetvā tassa pahānassa samucchedappahānattaṃ dassento <span class="bld">samucchinnattā</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Vimuttisukhe ñāṇa</span>nti phalavimuttisukhasampayuttañāṇañca phalavimuttisukhārammaṇapaccavekkhaṇañāṇañca. Anusayavatthussa kilesassa pahānena pariyuṭṭhānaduccaritavatthuppahānaṃ hotīti dassanatthaṃ puna anusayānaṃ pahānaṃ vuttaṃ. Ekavīsatiphalañāṇaṃ sandhāya pahīnakilesagaṇanāyapi ñāṇagaṇanā katā hoti, paccavekkhaṇañāṇañca <a name="P2.0528"></a> sandhāya pahīnakilesapaccavekkhaṇagaṇanāya phalapaccavekkhaṇañāṇagaṇanā katā hotīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Ñāṇarāsichakkaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Saddhammappakāsiniyā paṭisambhidāmaggaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Ānāpānassatikathāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter">4. Indriyakathā</p>
<p class="title">1. Paṭhamasuttantaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para184"></a><span class="paranum">184</span>. Idāni <a name="V2.0113"></a><a name="P3.0529"></a><a name="M2.0124"></a> ānāpānassatikathānantaraṃ kathitāya indriyakathāya apubbatthānuvaṇṇanā anuppattā. Ayañhi indriyakathā ānāpānassatibhāvanāya upakārakānaṃ indriyānaṃ abhāve ānāpānassatibhāvanāya abhāvato tadupakārakānaṃ indriyānaṃ visodhanādividhidassanatthaṃ ānāpānassatikathānantaraṃ kathitāti tañca kathetabbaṃ indriyakathaṃ attanā bhagavato sammukhā sutaṃ viññātādhippāyasuttantikadesanaṃ pubbaṅgamaṃ katvā tadatthappakāsanavasena kathetukāmo paṭhamaṃ tāva <span class="bld">evaṃ me suta</span>ntiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">eva</span>nti nipātapadaṃ. <span class="bld">Me</span>tiādīni nāmapadāni. <span class="bld">Viharatī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">vi</span>-iti upasaggapadaṃ, <span class="bld">haratī</span>ti ākhyātapadanti iminā tāva nayena padavibhāgo veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atthato pana upamūpadesagarahapasaṃsanākāravacanaggahaṇesu <span class="bld">evaṃ</span>-saddo dissati nidassanatthe ca avadhāraṇatthe ca. Idha pana evaṃsaddo ākāratthe nidassanatthe ca viññujanena pavutto, tatheva avadhāraṇatthe ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha ākāratthena <span class="bld">evaṃ</span>saddena etamatthaṃ dīpeti – nānānayanipuṇamanekajjhāsayasamuṭṭhānaṃ atthabyañjanasampannaṃ vividhapāṭihāriyaṃ dhammatthadesanāpaṭivedhagambhīraṃ sabbasattānaṃ sakasakabhāsānurūpato sotapathamāgacchantaṃ tassa bhagavato vacanaṃ sabbappakārena ko samattho viññātuṃ, sabbathāmena pana sotukāmataṃ janetvāpi evaṃ me sutaṃ, mayāpi ekenākārena sutanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nidassanatthena ‘‘nāhaṃ sayambhū, na mayā idaṃ sacchikata’’nti attānaṃ parimocento ‘‘evaṃ me sutaṃ, mayāpi evaṃ suta’’nti idāni vattabbaṃ sakalaṃ suttaṃ nidasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Avadhāraṇatthena <a name="V2.0114"></a> thero sāriputto ‘‘etadaggaṃ, bhikkhave, mama sāvakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ mahāpaññānaṃ yadidaṃ sāriputto’’ti (a. ni. 1.188-189), ‘‘nāhaṃ, bhikkhave, aññaṃ ekapuggalampi <a name="M2.0125"></a> samanupassāmi, yo evaṃ tathāgatena anuttaraṃ dhammacakkaṃ pavattitaṃ sammadeva anuppavatteti yathayidaṃ, bhikkhave, sāriputto. Sāriputto, bhikkhave, tathāgatena <a name="P3.0530"></a> anuttaraṃ dhammacakkaṃ pavattitaṃ sammadeva anuppavattetī’’tievamādinā (a. ni. 1.187) nayena bhagavatā pasatthabhāvānurūpaṃ attano dhāraṇabalaṃ dassento sattānaṃ sotukāmataṃ janeti ‘‘evaṃ me sutaṃ, tañca kho atthato vā byañjanato vā anūnamanadhikaṃ, evameva, na aññathā daṭṭhabba’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Me</span>saddo karaṇasampadānasāmiatthesu dissati. Idha pana ‘‘mayā sutaṃ, mama suta’’nti ca atthadvaye yujjati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Suta</span>nti ayaṃsaddo saupasaggo anupasaggo ca vissutagamanakilinnaupacitaanuyogasotaviññeyyesu dissati viññātepi ca sotadvārānusārena. Idha panassa sotadvārānusārena upadhāritanti vā upadhāraṇanti vā attho. Me-saddassa hi mayātiatthe sati ‘‘evaṃ mayā sutaṃ sotadvārānusārena upadhārita’’nti yujjati, mamātiatthe sati ‘‘evaṃ mama sutaṃ sotadvārānusārena upadhāraṇa’’nti yujjati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica ‘‘evaṃ me suta’’nti attanā uppāditabhāvaṃ appaṭijānanto purimasavanaṃ vivaranto ‘‘sammukhā paṭiggahitamidaṃ mayā tassa bhagavato catuvesārajjavisāradassa dasabaladharassa āsabhaṭṭhānaṭṭhāyino sīhanādanādino sabbasattuttamassa dhammissarassa dhammarājassa dhammādhipatino dhammadīpassa dhammasaraṇassa saddhammavaracakkavattino sammāsambuddhassa vacanaṃ, na ettha atthe vā dhamme vā pade vā byañjane vā kaṅkhā vā vimati vā kātabbā’’ti imasmiṃ dhamme assaddhiyaṃ vināseti, saddhāsampadaṃ uppādetīti. Tenetaṃ vuccati –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Vināsayati assaddhaṃ, saddhaṃ vaḍḍheti sāsane;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Evaṃ me sutamiccevaṃ, vadaṃ gotamasāvako’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Eka</span>nti gaṇanaparicchedaniddeso. <span class="bld">Samaya</span>nti paricchinnaniddeso. <span class="bld">Ekaṃ samaya</span>nti aniyamitaparidīpanaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">samaya</span>saddo –</p>
<p class="gatha1">Samavāye <a name="V2.0115"></a> khaṇe kāle, samūhe hetudiṭṭhisu;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Paṭilābhe pahāne ca, paṭivedhe ca dissati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idha <a name="M2.0126"></a> panassa kālo attho. Tena saṃvaccharautumāsaddhamāsarattindivapubbaṇhamajjhanhikasāyanhapaṭhama- majjhimapacchimayāmamuhuttādīsu <a name="P3.0531"></a> kālappabhedabhūtesu samayesu ekaṃ samayanti dīpeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha kiñcāpi etesu saṃvaccharādīsu samayesu yaṃ yaṃ suttaṃ yamhi yamhi saṃvacchare utumhi māse pakkhe rattibhāge divasabhāge vā vuttaṃ, sabbaṃ taṃ therassa suviditaṃ suvavatthāpitaṃ paññāya. Yasmā pana ‘‘evaṃ me sutaṃ asukasaṃvacchare asukautumhi asukamāse asukapakkhe asukarattibhāge asukadivasabhāge vā’’ti evaṃ vutte na sakkā sukhena dhāretuṃ vā uddisituṃ vā uddisāpetuṃ vā, bahu ca vattabbaṃ hoti, tasmā ekeneva padena tamatthaṃ samodhānetvā ‘‘ekaṃ samaya’’nti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ye vā ime gabbhokkantisamayo jātisamayo saṃvegasamayo abhinikkhamanasamayo dukkarakārikasamayo māravijayasamayo abhisambodhisamayo diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārasamayo desanāsamayo parinibbānasamayotievamādayo bhagavato devamanussesu ativiya pakāsā anekakālappabhedā eva samayā, tesu samayesu desanāsamayasaṅkhātaṃ ekaṃ samayanti dīpeti. Yo cāyaṃ ñāṇakaruṇākiccasamayesu karuṇākiccasamayo, attahitaparahitapaṭipattisamayesu parahitapaṭipattisamayo, sannipatitānaṃ karaṇīyadvayasamayesu dhammikathāsamayo, desanāpaṭipattisamayesu desanāsamayo, tesupi samayesu aññataraṃ samayaṃ sandhāya ‘‘ekaṃ samaya’’nti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā pana ‘‘ekaṃ samaya’’nti accantasaṃyogattho sambhavati. Yañhi samayaṃ bhagavā imaṃ aññaṃ vā suttantaṃ desesi, accantameva taṃ samayaṃ karuṇāvihārena vihāsi, tasmā tadatthajotanatthaṃ idha upayogavacananiddeso katoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tenetaṃ vuccati –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Taṃ taṃ atthamapekkhitvā, bhummena karaṇena ca;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Aññatra samayo vutto, upayogena so idhā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Porāṇā <a name="V2.0116"></a> pana vaṇṇayanti – ‘‘tasmiṃ samaye’’ti vā ‘‘tena samayenā’’ti vā ‘‘taṃ samaya’’nti vā abhilāpamattabhedo esa, sabbattha bhummamevatthoti. Tasmā <a name="M2.0127"></a> ‘‘ekaṃ samaya’’nti vuttepi ‘‘ekasmiṃ samaye’’ti attho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhagavā</span>ti garu. Garuñhi loke ‘‘bhagavā’’ti vadanti. Ayañca sabbaguṇavisiṭṭhatāya sabbasattānaṃ garu, tasmā ‘‘bhagavā’’ti veditabbo. Porāṇehipi vuttaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Bhagavāti <a name="P3.0532"></a> vacanaṃ seṭṭhaṃ, bhagavāti vacanamuttamaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Garu gāravayutto so, bhagavā tena vuccatī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Bhāgyavā bhaggavā yutto, bhagehi ca vibhattavā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Bhattavā vantagamano, bhavesu bhagavā tato’’ti. –</p>
<p class="unindented">Imissāpi gāthāya vasena assa padassa vitthārato attho veditabbo. So ca <span class="bld">visuddhimagge</span> buddhānussatiniddese (visuddhi. 1.123 ādayo) vuttoyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettāvatā cettha <span class="bld">eva</span>nti vacanena desanāsampattiṃ niddisati, <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti sāvakasampattiṃ, <span class="bld">ekaṃ samaya</span>nti kālasampattiṃ, <span class="bld">bhagavā</span>ti desakasampattiṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sāvatthiya</span>nti ettha ca savatthassa isino nivāsaṭṭhānabhūtā nagarī sāvatthī, yathā kākandī mākandīti evaṃ tāva akkharacintakā. Aṭṭhakathācariyā pana bhaṇanti – yaṃ kiñci manussānaṃ upabhogaparibhogaṃ sabbamettha atthīti sāvatthī, satthasamāyoge ca kiṃ bhaṇḍamatthīti pucchite sabbamatthītipi vacanamupādāya sāvatthī.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Sabbadā sabbūpakaraṇaṃ, sāvatthiyaṃ samohitaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tasmā sabbamupādāya, sāvatthīti pavuccatī’’ti. –</p>
<p class="unindented">Tassaṃ <span class="bld">sāvatthiyaṃ</span>. Samīpatthe bhummavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Viharatī</span>ti avisesena iriyāpathadibbabrahmaariyavihāresu <a name="V2.0117"></a> aññataravihārasamaṅgiparidīpanametaṃ, idha pana ṭhānagamanāsanasayanappabhedesu iriyāpathesu aññatarairiyāpathasamāyogaparidīpanaṃ. Tena ṭhitopi gacchantopi nisinnopi sayānopi bhagavā ‘‘viharati’’cceva veditabbo. So hi bhagavā ekaṃ iriyāpathabādhanaṃ aññena iriyāpathena vicchinditvā aparipatantamattabhāvaṃ harati pavatteti, tasmā ‘‘viharatī’’ti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Jetavane</span>ti <a name="M2.0128"></a> ettha attano paccatthikajanaṃ jinātīti jeto, rañño vā attano paccatthikajane jite jātoti jeto, maṅgalakamyatāya vā tassa <a name="P3.0533"></a> evaṃnāmameva katanti jeto, vanayatīti vanaṃ, attasampadāya sattānaṃ bhattiṃ kāreti, attani sinehaṃ uppādetīti attho. Vanute iti vā vanaṃ, nānāvidhakusumagandhasammodamattakokilādivihaṅgābhirutehi mandamārutacalitarukkhasākhāviṭapapallavapalāsehi ‘‘etha maṃ paribhuñjathā’’ti pāṇino yācati viyāti attho. Jetassa vanaṃ jetavanaṃ. Tañhi jetena rājakumārena ropitaṃ saṃvaddhitaṃ paripālitaṃ, so ca tassa sāmī ahosi, tasmā jetavananti vuccati. Tasmiṃ jetavane. Vanañca nāma ropimaṃ sayaṃjātanti duvidhaṃ. Idañca veḷuvanādīni ca ropimāni, andhavanamahāvanādīni sayaṃjātāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme</span>ti sudatto nāma so gahapati mātāpitūhi katanāmavasena. Sabbakāmasamiddhatāya pana vigatamaccheratāya karuṇādiguṇasamaṅgitāya ca niccakālaṃ anāthānaṃ piṇḍamadāsi, tena anāthapiṇḍikoti saṅkhaṃ gato. Āramanti ettha pāṇino, visesena vā pabbajitāti ārāmo, tassa pupphaphalādisobhāya nātidūranaccāsannatādipañcavidhasenāsanaṅgasampattiyā ca tato tato āgamma ramanti abhiramanti, anukkaṇṭhitā hutvā nivasantīti attho. Vuttappakārāya vā sampattiyā tattha tattha gatepi attano abbhantaraṃ ānetvā ramāpetīti ārāmo. So hi anāthapiṇḍikena gahapatinā jetassa rājakumārassa hatthato aṭṭhārasahi hiraññakoṭīhi koṭisantharena kīṇitvā aṭṭhārasahi hiraññakoṭīhi senāsanāni kārāpetvā aṭṭhārasahi hiraññakoṭīhi vihāramahaṃ niṭṭhāpetvā evaṃ catupaññāsahiraññakoṭipariccāgena buddhappamukhassa bhikkhusaṅghassa niyyādito, tasmā ‘‘anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāmo’’ti vuccati. Tasmiṃ <span class="bld">anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca ‘‘jetavane’’tivacanaṃ purimasāmiparikittanaṃ, ‘‘anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme’’ti pacchimasāmiparikittanaṃ. Kimetesaṃ parikittane payojananti? Puññakāmānaṃ diṭṭhānugatiāpajjanaṃ. Tattha hi dvārakoṭṭhakapāsādamāpane bhūmivikkayaladdhā aṭṭhārasa hiraññakoṭiyo <a name="V2.0118"></a> anekakoṭiagghanakā rukkhā ca jetassa pariccāgo, catupaññāsa hiraññakoṭiyo anāthapiṇḍikassa<a name="M2.0129"></a>. Iti tesaṃ parikittanena evaṃ puññakāmā puññāni karontīti dassento āyasmā sāriputto aññepi puññakāme tesaṃ diṭṭhānugatiāpajjane niyojeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha siyā – yadi tāva bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati, ‘‘jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme’’ti na vattabbaṃ. Atha tattha viharati, ‘‘sāvatthiya’’nti na vattabbaṃ. Na hi sakkā ubhayattha ekaṃ samayaṃ viharitunti. Na <a name="P3.0534"></a> kho panetaṃ evaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ, nanu avocumha ‘‘samīpatthe bhummavacana’’nti. Tasmā yathā gaṅgāyamunādīnaṃ samīpe goyūthāni carantāni ‘‘gaṅgāya caranti, yamunāya carantī’’ti vuccanti, evamidhāpi yadidaṃ sāvatthiyā samīpe jetavanaṃ anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāmo, tattha viharanto vuccati ‘‘sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme’’ti. Gocaragāmanidassanatthaṃ hissa sāvatthivacanaṃ, pabbajitānurūpanivāsaṭṭhānanidassanatthaṃ sesavacanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha sāvatthikittanena āyasmā sāriputto bhagavato gahaṭṭhānuggahakaraṇaṃ dasseti, jetavanādikittanena pabbajitānuggahakaraṇaṃ. Tathā purimena paccayaggahaṇato attakilamathānuyogavivajjanaṃ, pacchimena vatthukāmappahānato kāmasukhallikānuyogavivajjanūpāyaṃ. Atha vā purimena ca dhammadesanābhiyogaṃ, pacchimena vivekādhimuttiṃ. Purimena karuṇāya upagamanaṃ, pacchimena paññāya apagamanaṃ. Purimena sattānaṃ hitasukhanipphādanādhimuttataṃ, pacchimena parahitasukhakaraṇe nirupalepataṃ. Purimena dhammikasukhāpariccāganimittaṃ phāsuvihāraṃ, pacchimena uttarimanussadhammānuyoganimittaṃ. Purimena manussānaṃ upakārabahulataṃ, pacchimena devānaṃ. Purimena loke jātassa loke saṃvaddhabhāvaṃ, pacchimena lokena anupalittataṃ. Purimena ‘‘ekapuggalo, bhikkhave, loke uppajjamāno uppajjati bahujanahitāya bahujanasukhāya lokānukampāya atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṃ. Katamo ekapuggalo? Tathāgato arahaṃ sammāsambuddho’’ti (a. ni. 1.170) vacanato yadatthaṃ bhagavā uppanno, tadatthaparidīpanaṃ, pacchimena yattha uppanno, tadanurūpavihāraparidīpanaṃ. Bhagavā hi paṭhamaṃ lumbinivane, dutiyaṃ bodhimaṇḍeti lokiyalokuttarassa uppattiyā vaneyeva uppanno, tenassa vaneyeva vihāraṃ dassetīti evamādinā nayenettha atthayojanā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tatrā</span>ti <a name="M2.0130"></a> desakālaparidīpanaṃ. Tañhi yaṃ samayaṃ viharati, tatra samaye, yasmiñca jetavane viharati, tatra jetavaneti dīpeti. Bhāsitabbayutte vā desakāle dīpeti. Na hi bhagavā <a name="V2.0119"></a> ayutte dese kāle vā dhammaṃ deseti. ‘‘Akālo kho tāva bāhiyā’’tiādi (udā. 10) cettha sādhakaṃ. <span class="bld">Kho</span>ti padapūraṇamatte avadhāraṇatthe ādikālatthe vā nipāto. <span class="bld">Bhagavā</span>ti lokagarudīpanaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhikkhū</span>ti kathāsavanayuttapuggalavacanaṃ. Apicettha ‘‘bhikkhakoti bhikkhu, bhikkhācariyaṃ ajjhupagatoti bhikkhū’’tiādinā (vibha. 510; pārā. 45) nayena vacanattho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Āmantesī</span>ti ālapi abhāsi sambodhesi, ayamettha attho. Aññatra <a name="P3.0535"></a> pana ñāpanepi pakkosanepi. <span class="bld">Bhikkhavo</span>ti āmantanākāradīpanaṃ. Tena tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ bhikkhanasīlatābhikkhanadhammatābhikkhanesādhukāritādiguṇayogasiddhena vacanena hīnādhikajanasevitaṃ vuttiṃ pakāsento uddhatadīnabhāvaniggahaṃ karoti. ‘‘Bhikkhavo’’ti iminā ca karuṇāvipphārasommahadayanayananipātapubbaṅgamena vacanena te attano mukhābhimukhe karonto teneva kathetukamyatādīpakena vacanena nesaṃ sotukamyataṃ janeti. Teneva ca sambodhanatthena vacanena sādhukasavanamanasikārepi te niyojeti. Sādhukasavanamanasikārāyattā hi sāsanasampatti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparesu devamanussesu vijjamānesu kasmā bhikkhūyeva āmantesīti ce? Jeṭṭhaseṭṭhāsannasadāsannihitabhājanabhāvato. Sabbaparisasādhāraṇā hi bhagavato dhammadesanā. Parisāya ca jeṭṭhā bhikkhū paṭhamuppannattā, seṭṭhā anagāriyabhāvaṃ ādiṃ katvā satthu cariyānuvidhāyakattā sakalasāsanapaṭiggāhakattā ca, āsannā tattha nisinnesu satthusannikattā, sadāsannihitā satthusantikāvacarattā, dhammadesanāya ca te eva bhājanaṃ yathānusiṭṭhaṃ paṭipattisabbhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha siyā – kimatthaṃ pana bhagavā dhammaṃ desento paṭhamaṃ bhikkhū āmantesi, na dhammameva desesīti? Satijananatthaṃ. Parisāya hi bhikkhū aññaṃ cintentāpi vikkhittacittāpi dhammaṃ paccavekkhantāpi kammaṭṭhānaṃ manasikarontāpi nisinnā honti, te anāmantetvā dhamme desiyamāne ‘‘ayaṃ desanā kiṃnidānā kiṃpaccayā katamāya atthuppattiyā desitā’’ti sallakkhetuṃ asakkontā vikkhepaṃ āpajjeyyuṃ, duggahitaṃ vā gaṇheyyuṃ<a name="M2.0131"></a>. Tena tesaṃ satijananatthaṃ bhagavā paṭhamaṃ āmantetvā pacchā dhammaṃ deseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhadante</span>ti gāravavacanametaṃ, satthuno paṭivacanadānaṃ vā. Apicettha ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti vadamāno bhagavā te bhikkhū ālapati, ‘‘bhadante’’ti vadamānā te bhagavantaṃ paccālapanti. Tathā ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti bhagavā ābhāsati, ‘‘bhadante’’ti te paccābhāsanti. ‘‘Bhikkhavo’’ti paṭivacanaṃ dāpeti, bhadanteti paṭivacanaṃ denti. <span class="bld">Te bhikkhū</span>ti ye bhagavā āmantesi. <span class="bld">Bhagavato paccassosu</span>nti <a name="V2.0120"></a> bhagavato āmantanaṃ paṭiassosuṃ, abhimukhā hutvā suṇiṃsu sampaṭicchiṃsu paṭiggahesunti attho. <span class="bld">Bhagavā etadavocā</span>ti bhagavā etaṃ idāni vattabbaṃ sakalasuttaṃ avoca.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettāvatā <a name="P3.0536"></a> ca yaṃ āyasmatā sāriputtena kamalakuvalayujjalavimalasādurasasalilāya pokkharaṇiyā sukhāvataraṇatthaṃ nimmalasilātalaracanavilāsasopānaṃ vippakiṇṇamuttājālasadisavālikākiṇṇapaṇḍarabhūmibhāgaṃ titthaṃ viya, suvibhattabhittivicitravedikāparikkhittassa nakkhattapathaṃ phusitukāmatāya viya, vijambhitasamussayassa pāsādavarassa sukhārohaṇatthaṃ dantamayasaṇhamuduphalakakañcanalatāvinaddhamaṇigaṇappabhāsamudayujjalasobhaṃ sopānaṃ viya, suvaṇṇavalayanūpurādisaṅghaṭṭanasaddasammissitakathitahasitamadhurassaragehajanavicaritassa uḷārissariyavibhavasobhitassa mahāgharassa sukhappavesanatthaṃ suvaṇṇarajatamaṇimuttāpavāḷādijutivisadavijjotitasuppatiṭṭhitavisāladvārakavāṭaṃ mahādvāraṃ viya atthabyañjanasampannassa buddhānaṃ desanāñāṇagambhīrabhāvasaṃsūcakassa imassa suttassa sukhāvagāhaṇatthaṃ kāladesadesakaparisāpadesapaṭimaṇḍitaṃ nidānaṃ bhāsitaṃ, tassa atthavaṇṇanā samattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Suttante <span class="bld">pañcā</span>ti gaṇanaparicchedo. <span class="bld">Imāni indriyānī</span>ti paricchinnadhammanidassanaṃ. Indriyaṭṭho heṭṭhā vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para185"></a><span class="paranum">185</span>. Idāni imaṃ suttantaṃ dassetvā imasmiṃ suttante vuttānaṃ indriyānaṃ visuddhibhāvanāvidhānaṃ bhāvitattaṃ paṭippassaddhiñca dassetukāmo <span class="bld">imāni pañcindriyānī</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">visujjhantī</span>ti visuddhiṃ pāpuṇanti. <span class="bld">Assaddhe</span>ti tīsu ratanesu saddhāvirahite. <span class="bld">Saddhe</span>ti tīsu ratanesu saddhāsampanne. <span class="bld">Sevato</span>ti <a name="M2.0132"></a> cittena sevantassa. <span class="bld">Bhajato</span>ti upasaṅkamantassa. <span class="bld">Payirupāsato</span>ti sakkaccaṃ upanisīdantassa. <span class="bld">Pasādanīye suttante</span>ti pasādajanake ratanattayaguṇapaṭisaṃyutte suttante. <span class="bld">Kusīte</span>ti kucchitena ākārena sīdantīti kusīdā, kusīdā eva kusītā. Te kusīte. <span class="bld">Sammappadhāne</span>ti catukiccasādhakavīriyapaṭisaṃyuttasuttante. <span class="bld">Muṭṭhassatī</span>ti naṭṭhassatike. <span class="bld">Satipaṭṭhāne</span>ti satipaṭṭhānādhikārake suttante. <span class="bld">Jhānavimokkhe</span>ti catutthajjhānaaṭṭhavimokkhatividhavimokkhādhikārake suttante. <span class="bld">Duppaññe</span>ti nippaññe, paññābhāvato vā duṭṭhā paññā etesanti duppaññā. Te duppaññe. <span class="bld">Gambhīrañāṇacariya</span>nti catusaccapaṭiccasamuppādādipaṭisaṃyutte suttante, ñāṇakathāsadise vā. <span class="bld">Suttantakkhandhe</span>ti suttantakoṭṭhāse. <span class="bld">Assaddhiya</span>ntiādīsu <span class="bld">assaddhiya</span>nti assaddhabhāvaṃ. Assaddhiye ādīnavadassāvī assaddhiyaṃ pajahanto saddhindriyaṃ bhāveti, saddhindriye ānisaṃsadassāvī saddhindriyaṃ bhāvento assaddhiyaṃ <a name="V2.0121"></a> pajahati. Esa nayo <a name="P3.0537"></a> sesesu. <span class="bld">Kosajja</span>nti kusītabhāvaṃ. <span class="bld">Pamāda</span>nti sativippavāsaṃ. <span class="bld">Uddhacca</span>nti uddhatabhāvaṃ, vikkhepanti attho. <span class="bld">Pahīnattā</span>ti appanāvasena jhānapāripūriyā pahīnattā. <span class="bld">Suppahīnattā</span>ti vuṭṭhānagāminivasena vipassanāpāripūriyā suṭṭhu pahīnattā. <span class="bld">Bhāvitaṃ hoti subhāvita</span>nti vuttakkameneva yojetabbaṃ. Vipassanāya hi vipakkhavasena pahīnattā ‘‘suppahīnattā’’ti vattuṃ yujjati. Tasmāyeva ca ‘‘subhāvita’’nti, na tathā jhānena. Yasmā pana pahātabbānaṃ pahānena bhāvanāsiddhi, bhāvanāsiddhiyā ca pahātabbānaṃ pahānasiddhi hoti, tasmā yamakaṃ katvā niddiṭṭhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para186"></a><span class="paranum">186</span>. Paṭippassaddhivāre <span class="bld">bhāvitāni ceva honti subhāvitāni cā</span>ti bhāvitānaṃyeva subhāvitatā. <span class="bld">Paṭippassaddhāni ca suppaṭippassaddhāni cā</span>ti paṭippassaddhānaṃyeva suppaṭippassaddhatā vuttā. Phalakkhaṇe maggakiccanibbattivasena bhāvitatā paṭippassaddhatā ca veditabbā. <span class="bld">Samucchedavisuddhiyo</span>ti maggavisuddhiyoyeva. <span class="bld">Paṭippassaddhivisuddhiyo</span>ti phalavisuddhiyo eva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni tathā vuttavidhānāni indriyāni kārakapuggalavasena yojetvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">katinaṃ puggalāna</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">savanena buddho</span>ti sammāsambuddhato dhammakathāsavanena catusaccaṃ buddhavā, ñātavāti attho. Idaṃ <a name="M2.0133"></a> bhāvitindriyabhāvassa kāraṇavacanaṃ. Bhāvanābhisamayavasena hi maggassa buddhattā phalakkhaṇe bhāvitindriyo hoti. Aṭṭhannampi ariyānaṃ tathāgatassa sāvakattā visesetvā arahattaphalaṭṭhameva dassento <span class="bld">khīṇāsavo</span>ti āha. Soyeva hi sabbakiccanipphattiyā <span class="bld">bhāvitindriyo</span>ti vutto. Itarepi pana taṃtaṃmaggakiccanipphattiyā pariyāyena bhāvitindriyā eva. Tasmā eva ca catūsu phalakkhaṇesu ‘‘pañcindriyāni bhāvitāni ceva honti subhāvitāni cā’’ti vuttaṃ. Yasmā pana tesaṃ uparimaggatthāya indriyabhāvanā atthiyeva, tasmā te na nippariyāyena bhāvitindriyā. <span class="bld">Sayaṃ bhūtaṭṭhenā</span>ti anācariyo hutvā sayameva ariyāya jātiyā bhūtaṭṭhena jātaṭṭhena bhagavā. Sopi hi bhāvanāsiddhivasena phalakkhaṇe sayambhū nāma hoti. Evaṃ sayaṃ bhūtaṭṭhena bhāvitindriyo. <span class="bld">Appameyyaṭṭhenā</span>ti anantaguṇayogato pamāṇetuṃ asakkuṇeyyaṭṭhena. Bhagavā phalakkhaṇe bhāvanāsiddhito appameyyoti. Tasmāyeva bhāvitindriyo.</p>
<p class="centered">Paṭhamasuttantaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">2. Dutiyasuttantaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para187"></a><span class="paranum">187</span>. Puna <a name="V2.0122"></a> aññaṃ suttantaṃ nikkhipitvā indriyavidhānaṃ niddisitukāmo <span class="bld">pañcimāni, bhikkhave</span>tiādikaṃ suttantaṃ dasseti. Tattha <span class="bld">ye</span> <a name="P3.0538"></a> <span class="bld">hi kecī</span>ti anavasesapariyādānaṃ, <span class="bld">hi</span>-kāro padapūraṇamatte nipāto. <span class="bld">Samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā</span>ti lokavohāravasena vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Samudaya</span>nti paccayaṃ. <span class="bld">Atthaṅgama</span>nti uppannānaṃ abhāvagamanaṃ, anuppannānaṃ anuppādaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Assāda</span>nti ānisaṃsaṃ. <span class="bld">Ādīnava</span>nti dosaṃ. <span class="bld">Nissaraṇa</span>nti niggamanaṃ. <span class="bld">Yathābhūta</span>nti yathāsabhāvaṃ. <span class="bld">Samaṇesū</span>ti samitapāpesu. <span class="bld">Samaṇasammatā</span>ti na mayā samaṇāti sammatā. ‘‘Sammatā’’ti vattamānakālavasena vuccamāne saddalakkhaṇavasena ‘‘me’’ti ettha sāmivacanameva hoti. <span class="bld">Brāhmaṇesū</span>ti bāhitapāpesu. <span class="bld">Sāmaññattha</span>nti samaṇabhāvassa atthaṃ. <span class="bld">Brahmaññattha</span>nti brāhmaṇabhāvassa atthaṃ. Dvayenāpi arahattaphalameva vuttaṃ. Atha vā <span class="bld">sāmaññattha</span>nti heṭṭhā tīṇi phalāni. <span class="bld">Brahmaññattha</span>nti arahattaphalaṃ. Sāmaññabrahmaññanti hi ariyamaggoyeva. <span class="bld">Diṭṭheva dhamme</span>ti paccakkheyeva attabhāve. <span class="bld">Sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā</span>ti attanāyeva adhikena ñāṇena paccakkhaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Upasampajjā</span>ti pāpuṇitvā, nipphādetvā vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para188"></a><span class="paranum">188</span>. Suttantaniddese <a name="M2.0134"></a> paṭhamaṃ indriyasamudayādīnaṃ pabhedagaṇanaṃ pucchitvā puna pabhedagaṇanā vissajjitā. Tattha <span class="bld">asītisata</span>nti asītiuttaraṃ sataṃ. Paṇḍitehi ‘‘asītisata’’nti vuttehi ākārehīti yojanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Puna pabhedagaṇanāpucchāpubbaṅgame gaṇanāniddese <span class="bld">adhimokkhatthāyā</span>ti adhimuccanatthāya saddahanatthāya. <span class="bld">Āvajjanāya samudayo</span>ti manodvārāvajjanacittassa samudayo. <span class="bld">Saddhindriyassa samudayo</span>ti saddhindriyassa paccayo, saddhaṃ uppādessāmīti pubbabhāgāvajjanaṃ saddhindriyassa upanissayapaccayo, saddhindriyajavanassa āvajjanaṃ paṭhamassa javanassa anantarapaccayo, dutiyajavanādīnaṃ upanissayapaccayo. <span class="bld">Adhimokkhavasenā</span>ti chandasampayuttaadhimokkhavasena. <span class="bld">Chandassa samudayo</span>ti pubbabhāgāvajjanapaccayā uppannassa adhimokkhasampayuttassa yevāpanakabhūtassa dhammacchandassa samudayo. So pana saddhindriyassa sahajātaaññamaññanissayasampayuttaatthiavigatavasena paccayo hoti, chandādhipatikāle adhipatipaccayo ca hoti, soyeva dutiyassa anantarasamanantaraanantarūpanissayāsevananatthivigatavasena <a name="V2.0123"></a> paccayo hoti. Imināva nayena manasikārassapi yojanā kātabbā. Kevalañhettha <span class="bld">manasikāro</span>ti sāraṇalakkhaṇo yevāpanakamanasikāro. Adhipatipaccayatā panassa na hoti. Sampayuttesu imesaṃ dvinnaṃyeva gahaṇaṃ balavapaccayattāti veditabbaṃ<a name="P3.0539"></a>. <span class="bld">Saddhindriyassa vasenā</span>ti bhāvanābhivuddhiyā indriyabhāvaṃ pattassa saddhindriyassa vasena. <span class="bld">Ekattupaṭṭhāna</span>nti ekārammaṇe acalabhāvena bhusaṃ ṭhānaṃ uparūpari saddhindriyassa paccayo hoti. Saddhindriye vuttanayeneva sesindriyānipi veditabbāni. Evamekekassa indriyassa cattāro cattāro samudayāti pañcannaṃ indriyānaṃ vīsati samudayā honti. Puna catunnaṃ samudayānaṃ ekekasmiṃ samudaye pañca pañca indriyāni yojetvā vīsati samudayā vuttā. Paṭhamavīsati nānāmaggavasena daṭṭhabbā, dutiyavīsati ekamaggavasena daṭṭhabbāti vadanti. Evaṃ cattālīsa ākārā honti. Atthaṅgamavāropi imināva nayena veditabbo. So pana atthaṅgamo indriyabhāvanaṃ ananuyuttassa appaṭiladdhā paṭilābhatthaṅgamo, indriyabhāvanāya parihīnassa paṭiladdhaparihāni atthaṅgamo, phalappattassa paṭippassaddhiatthaṅgamo. <span class="bld">Ekattaanupaṭṭhāna</span>nti ekatte anupaṭṭhānaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Ka. assādaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para189"></a><span class="paranum">189</span>. Assādaniddese <a name="M2.0135"></a> <span class="bld">assaddhiyassa anupaṭṭhāna</span>nti assaddhe puggale parivajjayato saddhe puggale sevato pasādanīyasuttante paccavekkhato tattha yonisomanasikāraṃ bahulīkaroto ca assaddhiyassa anupaṭṭhānaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Assaddhiyapariḷāhassa anupaṭṭhāna</span>nti ettha assaddhassa saddhākathāya pavattamānāya dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ uppajjati. Ayaṃ assaddhiyapariḷāho. <span class="bld">Adhimokkhacariyāya vesārajja</span>nti saddhāvatthuvasena vā bhāvanāya vā vasippattassa saddhāpavattiyā visāradabhāvo hoti. <span class="bld">Santo ca vihārādhigamo</span>ti samathassa vā vipassanāya vā paṭilābho. <span class="bld">Sukhaṃ somanassa</span>nti ettha cetasikasukhabhāvadassanatthaṃ somanassavacanaṃ. Saddhindriyasamuṭṭhitapaṇītarūpaphuṭṭhakāyassa kāyikasukhampi labbhatiyeva. Sukhasomanassassa padhānassādattā ‘‘ayaṃ saddhindriyassa assādo’’ti visesetvā vuttaṃ. Imināva nayena sesindriyassādāpi yojetvā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Kha. ādīnavaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para190"></a><span class="paranum">190</span>. Ādīnavaniddese <a name="V2.0124"></a> <span class="bld">aniccaṭṭhenā</span>ti saddhindriyassa aniccaṭṭhena. So aniccaṭṭho saddhindriyassa ādīnavoti vuttaṃ hoti. Itaradvayepi eseva nayo. Ime samudayatthaṅgamassādādīnavā lokiyaindriyānamevāti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Ga. nissaraṇaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para191"></a><span class="paranum">191</span>. Nissaraṇaniddese <span class="bld">adhimokkhaṭṭhenā</span>tiādīsu ekekasmiṃ indriye pañca pañca katvā pañcannaṃ indriyānaṃ pañcavīsati nissaraṇāni maggaphalavasena niddiṭṭhāni. Tattha <span class="bld">tato paṇītatarasaddhindriyassa paṭilābhā</span>ti tato vipassanākkhaṇe pavattasaddhindriyato <a name="P3.0540"></a> maggakkhaṇe paṇītatarassa saddhindriyassa paṭilābhavasena. <span class="bld">Purimatarasaddhindriyā nissaṭaṃ hotī</span>ti tasmiṃ maggakkhaṇe saddhindriyaṃ purimatarato vipassanākkhaṇe pavattasaddhindriyato nikkhantaṃ hoti. Imināva nayena phalakkhaṇe saddhindriyampi ubhayattha sesindriyānipi yojetabbāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para192"></a><span class="paranum">192</span>. <span class="bld">Pubbabhāge</span> <a name="M2.0136"></a> <span class="bld">pañcahi indriyehī</span>ti paṭhamajjhānūpacāre pañcahi indriyehi paṭhamajjhānādiaṭṭhasamāpattivasena aṭṭha nissaraṇāni, aniccānupassanādiaṭṭhārasamahāvipassanāvasena aṭṭhārasa nissaraṇāni, sotāpattimaggādivasena aṭṭha lokuttaranissaraṇāni. Evaṃ jhānasamāpattimahāvipassanāmaggaphalavasena catuttiṃsa nissaraṇāni purimapurimasamatikkamato niddiṭṭhāni. <span class="bld">Nekkhamme pañcindriyānī</span>tiādīni pana sattatiṃsa nissaraṇāni paṭipakkhapahānavasena paṭipakkhato niddiṭṭhāni. Tattha nekkhammādīsu sattasu satta nissaraṇāni upacārabhūmivasena vuttāni, phalāni pana paṭipakkhapahānābhāvato na vuttāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para193"></a><span class="paranum">193</span>. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhekaṭṭhehī</span>ti yāva sotāpattimaggā diṭṭhiyā saha ekasmiṃ puggale ṭhitāti diṭṭhekaṭṭhā. Tehi diṭṭhekaṭṭhehi. <span class="bld">Oḷārikehī</span>ti thūlehi kāmarāgabyāpādehi. <span class="bld">Aṇusahagatehī</span>ti sukhumabhūtehi kāmarāgabyāpādehiyeva. <span class="bld">Sabbakilesehī</span>ti rūparāgādīhi. Tesu hi pahīnesu sabbakilesā pahīnā honti, tasmā ‘‘sabbakilesehī’’ti vuttaṃ. Avuttatthāni panettha padāni heṭṭhā vuttatthānevāti. <span class="bld">Sabbesaññeva khīṇāsavānaṃ tattha tattha pañcindriyānī</span>ti ‘‘adhimokkhaṭṭhenā’’tiādīsu <a name="V2.0125"></a> pubbe vuttesu ṭhānesu tasmiṃ tasmiṃ ṭhāne pañcindriyāni buddhapaccekabuddhasāvakānaṃ khīṇāsavānaṃ yathāyogaṃ tato tato nissaṭāni honti. Imasmiṃ vāre paṭhamaṃ vuttanayā eva yathāyogaṃ khīṇāsavavasena vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ panetāni nissaraṇāni asītisataṃ hontīti? Vuccate – maggaphalavasena vuttāni pañcavīsati, samatikkamavasena vuttāni catuttiṃsa, paṭipakkhavasena vuttāni sattatiṃsāti paṭhamavāre sabbāni channavuti nissaraṇāni honti, etāniyeva dutiyavāre khīṇāsavānaṃ vasena dvādasasu apanītesu caturāsīti honti. Iti purimāni channavuti, imāni ca caturāsītīti asītisataṃ honti. Katamāni pana dvādasa khīṇāsavānaṃ apanetabbāni? Samatikkamato vuttesu maggaphalavasena vuttāni aṭṭha nissaraṇāni, paṭipakkhato vuttesu maggavasena vuttāni cattārīti imāni dvādasa apanetabbāni. Arahattaphalavasena <a name="P3.0541"></a> vuttāni kasmā apanetabbānīti ce? Sabbapaṭhamaṃ vuttānaṃ pañcavīsatiyā nissaraṇānaṃ maggaphalavaseneva labbhanato. Arahattaphalavasena nissaraṇāni vuttāneva honti<a name="M2.0137"></a>. Heṭṭhimaṃ heṭṭhimaṃ pana phalasamāpattiṃ uparimā uparimā na samāpajjantiyevāti heṭṭhā tīṇipi phalāni na labbhantiyeva. Jhānasamāpattivipassanānekkhammādīni ca kiriyāvasena labbhanti. Pañcapi cetāni indriyāni pubbameva paṭipakkhānaṃ paṭippassaddhattā paṭipakkhato nissaṭāneva hontīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Dutiyasuttantaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">3. Tatiyasuttantaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para194"></a><span class="paranum">194</span>. Puna aññaṃ suttantaṃ nikkhipitvā indriyavidhānaṃ niddisitukāmo <span class="bld">pañcimāni, bhikkhave</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">sotāpattiyaṅgesū</span>ti ettha soto ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo, sotassa āpatti bhusaṃ pāpuṇanaṃ sotāpatti, sotāpattiyā aṅgāni sambhārāni sotāpattiaṅgāni. Sotāpannatāya pubbabhāgapaṭilābhaaṅgāni. Sappurisasaṃsevo sotāpattiaṅgaṃ, saddhammassavanaṃ sotāpattiaṅgaṃ, yonisomanasikāro sotāpattiaṅgaṃ, dhammānudhammapaṭipatti sotāpattiaṅgaṃ, imāni cattāri sotāpattiaṅgāni. Sesā heṭṭhā vuttā eva. Idañca imesaṃ indriyānaṃ sakavisaye jeṭṭhakabhāvadassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Yathā hi cattāro seṭṭhiputtā rājātirājapañcamesu sahāyesu ‘‘nakkhattaṃ kīḷissāmā’’ti vīthiṃ otiṇṇesu ekassa seṭṭhiputtassa gehaṃ gatakāle itare cattāro <a name="V2.0126"></a> tuṇhī nisīdanti, gehasāmikova ‘‘imesaṃ khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ detha, imesaṃ gandhamālālaṅkārādīni dethā’’ti gehe vicāreti, dutiyassa tatiyassa catutthassa gehaṃ gatakāle itare cattāro tuṇhī nisīdanti, gehasāmikova ‘‘imesaṃ khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ detha, imesaṃ gandhamālālaṅkārādīni dethā’’ti gehe vicāreti, atha sabbapacchā rañño gehaṃ gatakāle kiñcāpi rājā sabbattha issarova, imasmiṃ pana kāle attano geheyeva ‘‘imesaṃ khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ detha, imesaṃ gandhamālālaṅkārādīni dethā’’ti vicāreti, evameva saddhāpañcamakesu indriyesu tesu sahāyesu ekato vīthiṃ otarantesu viya ekārammaṇe uppajjamānesupi yathā paṭhamassa gehe itare cattāro tuṇhī nisīdanti, gehasāmikova vicāreti<a name="M2.0138"></a>, evaṃ sotāpattiaṅgāni patvā adhimokkhalakkhaṇaṃ saddhindriyameva jeṭṭhakaṃ hoti pubbaṅgamaṃ, sesāni tadanvayāni honti. Yathā dutiyassa gehe itare cattāro tuṇhī nisīdanti, gehasāmikova vicāreti, evaṃ sammappadhānāni patvā paggahaṇalakkhaṇaṃ vīriyindriyameva jeṭṭhakaṃ hoti pubbaṅgamaṃ, sesāni tadanvayāni honti. Yathā tatiyassa gehe itare cattāro tuṇhī nisīdanti, gehasāmikova vicāreti, evaṃ satipaṭṭhānāni patvā upaṭṭhānalakkhaṇaṃ satindriyameva jeṭṭhakaṃ hoti pubbaṅgamaṃ, sesāni tadanvayāni honti. Yathā catutthassa gehe itare cattāro tuṇhī nisīdanti, gehasāmikova vicāreti, evaṃ jhānāni patvā avikkhepalakkhaṇaṃ samādhindriyameva jeṭṭhakaṃ hoti pubbaṅgamaṃ, sesāni tadanvayāni honti. Sabbapacchā <a name="P3.0542"></a> rañño gehaṃ gatakāle pana yathā itare cattāro tuṇhī nisīdanti, rājāva vicāreti, evaṃ ariyasaccāni patvā pajānanalakkhaṇaṃ paññindriyameva jeṭṭhakaṃ hoti pubbaṅgamaṃ, sesāni tadanvayāni hontīti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Ka. pabhedagaṇananiddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para195"></a><span class="paranum">195</span>. Suttantassa pabhedagaṇanāpucchāpubbaṅgameva pabhedagaṇananiddese <span class="bld">sappurisasaṃseve</span>ti sobhanānaṃ purisānaṃ sammā sevane. <span class="bld">Adhimokkhādhipateyyaṭṭhenā</span>ti adhimokkhasaṅkhātena sesindriyesu adhipatibhāvaṭṭhena, sesindriyānaṃ pubbaṅgamaṭṭhenāti attho. <span class="bld">Saddhammasavane</span>ti sataṃ dhammo, sobhano vā dhammoti saddhammo. Tassa saddhammassa savane. <span class="bld">Yonisomanasikāre</span>ti upāyena manasikāre. <span class="bld">Dhammānudhammapaṭipattiyā</span>ti ettha nava lokuttaradhamme anugato dhammo dhammānudhammo, sīlasamādhipaññāsaṅkhātassa dhammānudhammassa paṭipatti paṭipajjanaṃ dhammānudhammapaṭipatti. <span class="bld">Sammappadhānā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="subhead">Kha. cariyāvāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para196"></a><span class="paranum">196</span>. Cariyāvārepi <a name="V2.0127"></a> imināva nayena attho veditabbo. Kevalaṃ paṭhamavāro indriyānaṃ uppādanakālavasena vutto, cariyāvāro uppannānaṃ āsevanakālavasena ca pāripūrikālavasena ca vutto. Cariyā pakati ussannatāti hi atthato ekaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Cāravihāraniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para197"></a><span class="paranum">197</span>. Idāni <a name="M2.0139"></a> cariyāsambandheneva cāravihāraniddesavasena aparena pariyāyena indriyavidhānaṃ niddisitukāmo <span class="bld">cāro ca vihāro cā</span>tiādikaṃ uddesaṃ uddisitvā tassa niddesamāha. Tattha uddese tāva yathā carantaṃ viharantaṃ viññū sabrahmacārī gambhīresu ṭhānesu okappeyyuṃ – addhā ayamāyasmā patto vā pāpuṇissati vāti, tathā indriyasampannassa cāro ca vihāro ca viññūhi sabrahmacārīhi anubuddho hoti paṭividdhoti uddesassa sambandho veditabbo. Uddesaniddese cariyā cāroyeva. Cāro cariyāti hi atthato ekaṃ. Tasmā ‘‘cāro’’tipadassa niddese ‘‘cariyā’’ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Iriyāpathacariyā</span>ti iriyāpathānaṃ cariyā, pavattananti attho. Sesesupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Āyatanacariyā</span> pana āyatanesu satisampajaññānaṃ cariyā. <span class="bld">Pattī</span>ti phalāni. Tāni hi pāpuṇiyantīti ‘‘pattī’’ti vuttā. Sattalokassa diṭṭhadhammikasamparāyikā atthā <span class="bld">lokatthā</span>ti ayaṃ viseso.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni tāsaṃ cariyānaṃ bhūmiṃ dassento <span class="bld">catūsu iriyāpathesū</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Satipaṭṭhānesū</span>ti ārammaṇasatipaṭṭhānesu. Satipaṭṭhānesupi vuccamānesu satito anaññāni vohāravasena aññāni viya katvā vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ariyasaccesū</span>ti pubbabhāgalokiyasaccañāṇena visuṃ <a name="P3.0543"></a> visuṃ saccapariggahavasena vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ariyamaggesu sāmaññaphalesū</span>ti ca vohāravaseneva vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Padese</span>ti lokatthacariyāya ekadese. Nippadesato hi lokatthacariyaṃ buddhā eva karonti. Puna tā eva cariyāyo kārakapuggalavasena dassento <span class="bld">paṇidhisampannāna</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha paṇidhisampannā nāma iriyāpathānaṃ santattā iriyāpathaguttiyā sampannā akampitairiyāpathā bhikkhubhāvānurūpena santena iriyāpathena sampannā. Indriyesu <span class="bld">guttadvārāna</span>nti cakkhādīsu chasu indriyesu attano attano visaye pavattaekekadvāravasena guttaṃ dvāraṃ etesanti guttadvārā. Tesaṃ guttadvārānaṃ. <span class="bld">Dvāra</span>nti cettha uppattidvāravasena cakkhādayo eva. <span class="bld">Appamādavihārīna</span>nti sīlādīsu appamādavihāravataṃ. <span class="bld">Adhicittamanuyuttāna</span>nti <a name="V2.0128"></a> vipassanāya pādakabhāvena adhicittasaṅkhātaṃ samādhimanuyuttānaṃ. <span class="bld">Buddhisampannāna</span>nti nāmarūpavavatthānaṃ ādiṃ katvā yāva gotrabhu, tāva pavattena ñāṇena <a name="M2.0140"></a> sampannānaṃ. <span class="bld">Sammāpaṭipannāna</span>nti catumaggakkhaṇe. <span class="bld">Adhigataphalāna</span>nti catuphalakkhaṇe.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Adhimuccanto</span>ti adhimokkhaṃ karonto. <span class="bld">Saddhāya caratī</span>ti saddhāvasena pavattati. <span class="bld">Paggaṇhanto</span>ti catusammappadhānavīriyena padahanto. <span class="bld">Upaṭṭhāpento</span>ti satiyā ārammaṇaṃ upaṭṭhāpento. <span class="bld">Avikkhepaṃ karonto</span>ti samādhivasena vikkhepaṃ akaronto. <span class="bld">Pajānanto</span>ti catusaccapajānanapaññāya pakārena jānanto. <span class="bld">Vijānanto</span>ti indriyasampayuttajavanapubbaṅgamena āvajjanaviññāṇena ārammaṇaṃ vijānanto. <span class="bld">Viññāṇacariyāyā</span>ti āvajjanaviññāṇacariyavasena. <span class="bld">Evaṃ paṭipannassā</span>ti sahajavanāya indriyacariyāya paṭipannassa. <span class="bld">Kusalā dhammā āyāpentī</span>ti samathavipassanāvasena pavattā kusalā dhammā bhusaṃ yāpenti, pavattantīti attho. <span class="bld">Āyatanacariyāyā</span>ti kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ bhusaṃ yatanacariyāya, ghaṭanacariyāya pavattanacariyāyāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Visesamadhigacchatī</span>ti vikkhambhanatadaṅgasamucchedapaṭippassaddhivasena visesaṃ adhigacchati. <span class="bld">Dassanacariyā</span>dayo vuttatthāyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saddhāya viharatī</span>tiādīsu saddhādisamaṅgissa iriyāpathavihāro daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Anubuddho</span>ti anumānabuddhiyā. <span class="bld">Paṭividdho</span>ti paccakkhabuddhiyā. Yasmā adhimokkhaṭṭhādīsu anubuddhesu paṭividdhesu ca cāro ca vihāro ca anubuddho hoti paṭividdho, tasmā anubodhapaṭivedhesu adhimokkhaṭṭhādayo ca niddiṭṭhā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evaṃ saddhāya caranta</span>ntiādīsu <span class="bld">eva</span>nti vuttappakāraṃ niddisanto yathāsaddassa atthaṃ niddisati. <span class="bld">Viññū</span>tiādīsupi yathāsabhāvaṃ jānantīti viññū. Viññātaṃ sabhāvaṃ vibhāventi pākaṭaṃ karontīti <span class="bld">vibhāvī</span>. Asani viya siluccaye kilese medhati hiṃsatīti medhā, khippaṃ gahaṇadhāraṇaṭṭhena <a name="P3.0544"></a> vā medhā, medhā etesaṃ atthīti <span class="bld">medhāvī</span>. Ñāṇagatiyā paṇḍanti gacchanti pavattantīti <span class="bld">paṇḍitā</span>. Buddhisampadāya samannāgatattā <span class="bld">buddhisampannā</span>. Saha brahmaṃ cariyaṃ uttamaṃ paṭipadaṃ carantīti <span class="bld">sabrahmacārino</span>. Apalokanakammādicatubbidhaṃ kammaṃ ekato karaṇavasena <span class="bld">ekaṃ kammaṃ</span>. Tathā pañcavidho pātimokkhuddeso <span class="bld">ekuddeso</span>. Samā sikkhā etesanti samasikkhā, samasikkhānaṃ bhāvo <span class="bld">samasikkhatā</span>. Samasikkhātātipi paṭhanti. Yesaṃ ekaṃ kammaṃ eko uddeso samasikkhatā, te sabrahmacārīti vuttaṃ hoti. ‘‘Jhānānī’’ti <a name="M2.0141"></a> vattabbe <span class="bld">jhānā</span>ti liṅgavipallāso kato. <span class="bld">Vimokkhā</span>ti tayo vā aṭṭha vā vimokkhā. <span class="bld">Samādhī</span>ti savitakkasavicāraavitakkavicāramattaavitakkāvicārā <a name="V2.0129"></a> tayo samādhī. <span class="bld">Samāpattiyo</span>ti suññatānimittāppaṇihitā. <span class="bld">Abhiññāyo</span>ti cha abhiññā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Eko aṃso bhāgo, na dutiyoti ekaṃso, ekaṃsassa atthassa vacanaṃ <span class="bld">ekaṃsavacanaṃ</span>. Evaṃ sesesupi yojanā kātabbā. Visesato pana samaṃ, samantā vā seti pavattatīti saṃsayo, natthettha saṃsayoti <span class="bld">nissaṃsayo</span>. Ekasmiṃyeva anicchayatā hutvā itarampi kaṅkhatīti kaṅkhā, natthettha kaṅkhāti <span class="bld">nikkaṅkho</span>. Dvidhā bhāvo dvejjhaṃ, natthettha dvejjhanti <span class="bld">advejjho</span>. Dvidhā elayati kampetīti dveḷhakaṃ, natthettha dveḷhakanti <span class="bld">adveḷhako</span>. Niyogena niyamena vacanaṃ <span class="bld">niyogavacanaṃ</span>. Niyyogavacanantipi paṭhanti. Apaṇṇakassa aviraddhassa niyyānikassa atthassa vacanaṃ <span class="bld">apaṇṇakavacanaṃ. Avatthāpanavacana</span>nti nicchayavacanaṃ. Sabbampi hetaṃ vicikicchābhāvassa vevacanaṃ. Piyassa atthassa sabbhāvato vacanaṃ, piyamevāti <span class="bld">piyavacanaṃ</span>. Tathā <span class="bld">garuvacanaṃ</span>. Saha gāravena garubhāvena sagāravaṃ. Patissayanaṃ patissayo paraṃ garuṃ katvā nissayanaṃ apassayananti attho. Patissavanaṃ vā patissavo, nivātavuttitāya paravacanasavananti attho. Ubhayathāpi parajeṭṭhakabhāvassetaṃ nāmaṃ. Saha gāravena vattatīti sagāravaṃ. Saha patissayena, patissavena vā vattatīti sappatissayaṃ. ‘‘Sappatissava’’nti vā vattabbe ya-kāraṃ, va-kāraṃ vā lopaṃ katvā ‘‘sappatissa’’nti vuttaṃ. Adhikaṃ visiṭṭhaṃ vacanaṃ adhivacanaṃ, sagāravañca taṃ sappatissañcāti sagāravasappatissaṃ, sagāravasappatissaṃ adhivacanaṃ <span class="bld">sagāravasappatissādhivacanaṃ</span>. Ubhayatthāpi vevacanavikappanānattavasena punappunaṃ <span class="bld">eta</span>nti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Patto vā pāpuṇissati vā</span>ti jhānādīniyevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Tatiyasuttantaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">4. Catutthasuttantaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para198"></a><span class="paranum">198</span>. Puna <a name="P3.0545"></a> paṭhamasuttameva nikkhipitvā aparena ākārena indriyāni niddisati. Tattha <span class="bld">katihākārehi kenaṭṭhena daṭṭhabbānī</span>ti katihi ākārehi <a name="M2.0142"></a> daṭṭhabbāni. <span class="bld">Kenaṭṭhena daṭṭhabbānī</span>ti daṭṭhabbākāre ca daṭṭhabbaṭṭhañca pucchati. <span class="bld">Chahākārehi tenaṭṭhena daṭṭhabbānī</span>ti chahi ākārehi daṭṭhabbāni, teneva chaākārasaṅkhātenaṭṭhena daṭṭhabbāni. <span class="bld">Ādhipateyyaṭṭhenā</span>ti adhipatibhāvaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Ādivisodhanaṭṭhenā</span>ti kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ādibhūtassa sīlassa visodhanaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Adhimattaṭṭhenā</span>ti balavaṭṭhena<a name="V2.0130"></a>. Balavañhi adhikā mattā pamāṇaṃ assāti adhimattanti vuccati. <span class="bld">Adhiṭṭhānaṭṭhenā</span>ti patiṭṭhānaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Pariyādānaṭṭhenā</span>ti khepanaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Patiṭṭhāpakaṭṭhenā</span>ti patiṭṭhāpanaṭṭhena.</p>
<p class="subhead">Ka. ādhipateyyaṭṭhaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para199"></a><span class="paranum">199</span>. Ādhipateyyaṭṭhaniddese <span class="bld">assaddhiyaṃ pajahato</span>tiādi ekekasseva indriyassa paṭipakkhapajahanavacanaṃ ekakkhaṇepi attano attano paṭipakkhapahānakiccasādhane adhipatibhāvasādhanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Sesāni cattāri indriyāni taṃsampayuttāneva vuttāni. Nānākkhaṇesu vā ekekaṃ indriyaṃ dhuraṃ katvā tassa tassa paṭipakkhassa taṃ taṃ indriyaṃ jeṭṭhakaṃ katvā sesāni tadanvayāni katvā vuttantipi veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Kāmacchandaṃ pajahato</span>tiādi pana ekakkhaṇavaseneva vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Kha. ādivisodhanaṭṭhaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para200"></a><span class="paranum">200</span>. Ādivisodhanaṭṭhaniddese <span class="bld">assaddhiyasaṃvaraṭṭhena sīlavisuddhī</span>ti assaddhiyassa nivāraṇaṭṭhena viratiatthena sīlamalavisodhanato sīlavisuddhi nāma. <span class="bld">Saddhindriyassa ādivisodhanā</span>ti saddhindriyassa upanissayavasena ādibhūtassa sīlassa visodhanā. Imināva nayena sesānipi kāmacchandādisaṃvaraṇamūlakāni ca indriyāni veditabbāni.</p>
<p class="subhead">Ga. adhimattaṭṭhaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para201"></a><span class="paranum">201</span>. Adhimattaṭṭhaniddese <span class="bld">saddhindriyassa bhāvanāya chando uppajjatī</span>ti saddhassa puggalassa saddhāpaṭisaṃyuttaṃ dhammaṃ sutvā vā saddhindriyabhāvanāya assādaṃ disvā vā saddhindriye kusalo dhammacchando jāyati. <span class="bld">Pāmojjaṃ uppajjatī</span>ti chandajātattā dubbalapīti uppajjati. <span class="bld">Pīti uppajjatī</span>ti <a name="V2.0131"></a> pamuditattā balavapīti uppajjati. <span class="bld">Passaddhi uppajjatī</span>ti pītiyā pīṇitattā kāyacittapassaddhi uppajjati. <span class="bld">Sukhaṃ uppajjatī</span>ti passaddhakāyacittattā cetasikaṃ sukhaṃ uppajjati<a name="P3.0546"></a><a name="M2.0143"></a>. <span class="bld">Obhāso uppajjatī</span>ti sukhena abhisannattā ñāṇobhāso uppajjati. <span class="bld">Saṃvego uppajjatī</span>ti ñāṇobhāsena viditasaṅkhārādīnavattā saṅkhārapavattiyaṃ saṃvego uppajjati. <span class="bld">Saṃvejetvā cittaṃ samādahatī</span>ti saṃvegaṃ uppādetvā teneva saṃvegena cittaṃ samāhitaṃ karoti. <span class="bld">Sādhukaṃ paggaṇhātī</span>ti līnuddhatabhāvaṃ mocetvā suṭṭhu paggaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Sādhukaṃ ajjhupekkhatī</span>ti vīriyassa samaṃ hutvā pavattattā puna vīriyasamatāniyojane byāpāraṃ akaronto tatramajjhattupekkhāvasena sādhukaṃ ajjhupekkhati nāma. <span class="bld">Upekkhāvasenā</span>ti samavāhitalakkhaṇāya tatramajjhattupekkhāya vasena. <span class="bld">Nānattakilesehī</span>ti vipassanāya paṭipakkhabhūtehi nānāsabhāvehi kilesehi. <span class="bld">Vimokkhavasenā</span>ti bhaṅgānupassanato paṭṭhāya nānattakilesehi vimuccanavasena. <span class="bld">Vimuttattā</span>ti nānattakilesehi vimuttattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Te dhammā</span>ti chandādayo dhammā. <span class="bld">Ekarasā hontī</span>ti vimuttirasena ekarasā honti. <span class="bld">Bhāvanāvasenā</span>ti ekarasabhāvanāvasena. <span class="bld">Tato paṇītatare vivaṭṭantī</span>ti tena kāraṇena vipassanārammaṇato paṇītatare nibbānārammaṇe vivaṭṭanānupassanāsaṅkhātena gotrabhuñāṇena chandādayo dhammā nivattanti, saṅkhārārammaṇato apagantvā nibbānārammaṇe pavattantīti attho. <span class="bld">Vivaṭṭanāvasenā</span>ti evaṃ gotrabhukhaṇe saṅkhārārammaṇato vivaṭṭanavasena. <span class="bld">Vivaṭṭitattā tato vosajjatī</span>ti maggasamaṅgipuggalo maggassa uppādakkhaṇeyeva dubhatovuṭṭhānavasena vivaṭṭitattā teneva kāraṇena kilese ca khandhe ca vosajjati. <span class="bld">Vosajjitattā tato nirujjhantī</span>ti maggassa uppādakkhaṇeyeva kilese ca khandhe ca vosajjitattā teneva kāraṇena kilesā ca khandhā ca anuppattinirodhavasena nirujjhanti. <span class="bld">Vosajjitattā</span>ti ca āsaṃsāyaṃ bhūtavacanaṃ kataṃ. Kilesanirodhe sati khandhanirodhasabbhāvato ca khandhanirodho vutto. <span class="bld">Nirodhavasenā</span>ti yathāvuttanirodhavasena. Tasseva maggassa uppādakkhaṇe dve vosagge dassetukāmo <span class="bld">nirodhavasena dve vosaggā</span>tiādimāha. Dvepi heṭṭhā vuttatthā eva. <span class="bld">Assaddhiyassa pahānāya chando uppajjatī</span>tiādīsupi imināva nayena vitthārato attho veditabbo. Vīriyindriyādimūlakesupi vāresu eseva nayo. Imināva nayena adhiṭṭhānaṭṭhaniddesopi vitthārato veditabbo. Kevalañhettha <span class="bld">adhiṭṭhātī</span>ti viseso, patiṭṭhātīti attho.</p>
<p class="subhead">Gha-ṅa. pariyādānaṭṭhapatiṭṭhāpakaṭṭhaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para202-203"></a><span class="paranum">202-203</span>. Pariyādānaṭṭhaniddese <a name="V2.0132"></a><a name="M2.0144"></a><a name="P3.0547"></a> <span class="bld">pariyādiyatī</span>ti khepeti. Patiṭṭhāpakaṭṭhaniddese <span class="bld">saddho saddhindriyaṃ adhimokkhe patiṭṭhāpetī</span>ti saddhāsampanno ‘‘sabbe saṅkhārā aniccā dukkhā anattā’’ti adhimuccanto saddhindriyaṃ adhimokkhe patiṭṭhāpeti. Iminā puggalavisesena indriyabhāvanāviseso niddiṭṭho. <span class="bld">Saddhassa saddhindriyaṃ adhimokkhe patiṭṭhāpetī</span>ti saddhāsampannassa puggalassa saddhindriyaṃ taṃyeva saddhaṃ patiṭṭhāpeti. Tathā adhimuccantaṃ adhimokkhe patiṭṭhāpetīti. Iminā indriyabhāvanāvisesena puggalaviseso niddiṭṭho. Evaṃ cittaṃ paggaṇhanto paggahe patiṭṭhāpeti, satiṃ upaṭṭhāpento upaṭṭhāne patiṭṭhāpeti, cittaṃ samādahanto avikkhepe patiṭṭhāpeti, aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ anattāti passanto dassane patiṭṭhāpetīti sesesupi yojanā veditabbā. <span class="bld">Yogāvacaro</span>ti samathayoge, vipassanāyoge vā avacaratīti yogāvacaro. <span class="bld">Avacaratī</span>ti pavisitvā caratīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Catutthasuttantaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">5. Indriyasamodhānavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para204"></a><span class="paranum">204</span>. Idāni samādhiṃ bhāvayato vipassanaṃ bhāvayato ca indriyasamodhānaṃ dassetukāmo paṭhamaṃ tāva upaṭṭhānakosallappabhedaṃ niddisituṃ <span class="bld">puthujjano samādhiṃ bhāvento</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">puthujjano samādhiṃ bhāvento</span>ti nibbedhabhāgiyaṃ samādhiṃ bhāvento. Sekkhassa vītarāgassa ca pana lokuttaropi samādhi labbhati. <span class="bld">Āvajjitattā</span>ti kasiṇādinimittassa āvajjitattā, kasiṇādiparikammaṃ katvā tattha uppāditanimittattāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Ārammaṇūpaṭṭhānakusalo</span>ti tassa uppāditassa nimittasseva upaṭṭhāne kusalo. <span class="bld">Samathanimittūpaṭṭhānakusalo</span>ti accāraddhavīriyatādīhi uddhate citte passaddhisamādhiupekkhāsambojjhaṅgabhāvanāvasena cittopasamanimittassa upaṭṭhāne kusalo. <span class="bld">Paggahanimittūpaṭṭhānakusalo</span>ti atisithilavīriyatādīhi līne citte dhammavicayavīriyapītisambojjhaṅgabhāvanāvasena cittapaggahanimittassa upaṭṭhāne kusalo. <span class="bld">Avikkhepūpaṭṭhānakusalo</span>ti <a name="M2.0145"></a> anuddhatālīnacittassa sampayuttassa samādhissa upaṭṭhāne kusalo. <span class="bld">Obhāsūpaṭṭhānakusalo</span>ti <a name="V2.0133"></a> paññāpayogamandatāya nirassāde citte aṭṭhasaṃvegavatthupaccavekkhaṇena cittaṃ saṃvejetvā ñāṇobhāsassa upaṭṭhāne kusalo. <span class="bld">Aṭṭha saṃvegavatthūni</span> nāma jātijarābyādhimaraṇāni cattāri, apāyadukkhaṃ pañcamaṃ, atīte vaṭṭamūlakaṃ dukkhaṃ, anāgate vaṭṭamūlakaṃ dukkhaṃ, paccuppanne āhārapariyeṭṭhimūlakaṃ dukkhanti. <span class="bld">Sampahaṃsanūpaṭṭhānakusalo</span>ti upasamasukhānadhigamena nirassāde citte <a name="P3.0548"></a> buddhadhammasaṅghaguṇānussaraṇena cittaṃ pasādento sampahaṃsanassa upaṭṭhāne kusalo. <span class="bld">Upekkhūpaṭṭhānakusalo</span>ti uddhatādidosavirahite citte niggahapaggahādīsu byāpārābhāvakaraṇena upekkhāya upaṭṭhāne kusalo. <span class="bld">Sekkho</span>ti tisso sikkhā sikkhatīti sekkho. <span class="bld">Ekattūpaṭṭhānakusalo</span>ti sakkāyadiṭṭhādīnaṃ pahīnattā nekkhammādino ekattassa upaṭṭhāne kusalo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vītarāgo</span>ti sabbaso pahīnarāgattā vītarāgo khīṇāsavo. <span class="bld">Ñāṇūpaṭṭhānakusalo</span>ti arahā dhammesu vigatasammohattā tattha tattha asammohañāṇassa upaṭṭhāne kusalo. <span class="bld">Vimuttūpaṭṭhānakusalo</span>ti arahattaphalavimuttiyā upaṭṭhāne kusalo. <span class="bld">Vimuttī</span>ti hi sabbakilesehi vimuttattā arahattaphalavimutti adhippetā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para205"></a><span class="paranum">205</span>. Vipassanābhāvanāya upaṭṭhānānupaṭṭhānesu <span class="bld">aniccato</span>tiādīni <span class="bld">niccato</span>tiādīni ca sīlakathāyaṃ vuttanayeneva veditabbāni. Pāṭhato pana ‘‘āyūhanānupaṭṭhānakusalo vipariṇāmūpaṭṭhānakusalo animittūpaṭṭhānakusalo nimittānupaṭṭhānakusalo appaṇihitūpaṭṭhānakusalo paṇidhianupaṭṭhānakusalo abhinivesānupaṭṭhānakusalo’’ti etesu sāmivacanena samāsapadacchedo kātabbo. Sesesu pana nissakkavacanena pāṭho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para206"></a><span class="paranum">206</span>. <span class="bld">Suññatūpaṭṭhānakusalo</span>ti panettha suññato upaṭṭhānakusaloti vā suññatāya upaṭṭhānakusaloti vā padacchedo kātabbo. Yasmā pana nibbidāvirāganirodhapaṭinissaggānupassanā adhipaññādhammavipassanā yathābhūtañāṇadassanaṃ paṭisaṅkhānupassanā vivaṭṭanānupassanāti imā aṭṭha mahāvipassanā <a name="M2.0146"></a> attano sabhāvavisesena visesitā, na ārammaṇavisesena, tasmā imāsaṃ aṭṭhannaṃ ‘‘aniccato upaṭṭhānakusalo hotī’’tiādīni vacanāni viya ‘‘nibbidāto upaṭṭhānakusalo hotī’’tiādīni vacanāni na yujjanti. Tasmā eva imā aṭṭha na yojitā. Ādīnavānupassanā pana ‘‘suññatūpaṭṭhānakusalo hoti, abhinivesānupaṭṭhānakusalo hotī’’ti iminā yugalakavacaneneva atthato ‘‘ādīnavato upaṭṭhānakusalo hoti, ālayābhinivesānupaṭṭhānakusalo hotī’’ti yojitāva hotīti sarūpena na yojitā. Iti purimā ca aṭṭha, ayañca ādīnavānupassanāti <a name="V2.0134"></a> aṭṭhārasasu mahāvipassanāsu imā nava ayojetvā itarā eva nava yojitāti veditabbā. <span class="bld">Ñāṇūpaṭṭhānakusalo</span>ti sekkho vipassanūpakkilesānaṃ abhāvato vipassanābhāvanāya ñāṇassa upaṭṭhāne kusalo. Samādhibhāvanāya pana nikantisabbhāvato ñāṇūpaṭṭhāne kusaloti na vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Visaññogūpaṭṭhānakusalo</span>ti ‘‘kāmayogavisaññogo bhavayogavisaññogo diṭṭhiyogavisaññogo avijjāyogavisaññogo’’ti (dī. ni. 3.312) catudhā vuttassa visaññogassa upaṭṭhāne <a name="P3.0549"></a> kusalo. <span class="bld">Saññogānupaṭṭhānakusalo</span>ti kāmayogabhavayogadiṭṭhiyogāvijjāyogavasena catudhā vuttassa saññogassa anupaṭṭhāne kusalo. <span class="bld">Nirodhūpaṭṭhānakusalo</span>ti ‘‘puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, khīṇāsavassa bhikkhuno nibbānaninnaṃ cittaṃ hoti nibbānapoṇaṃ nibbānapabbhāraṃ vivekaṭṭhaṃ nekkhammābhirataṃ byantībhūtaṃ sabbaso āsavaṭṭhāniyehi dhammehī’’ti (a. ni. 10.90; paṭi. ma. 2.44 atthato samānaṃ) vuttakhīṇāsavabalavasena nibbānaninnacittattā khīṇāsavova nirodhasaṅkhātassa nibbānassa upaṭṭhāne kusalo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ārammaṇūpaṭṭhānakusalavasenā</span>tiādīsu <span class="bld">kusala</span>nti ñāṇaṃ. Ñāṇampi hi kusalapuggalayogato kusalaṃ yathā paṇḍitapuggalayogato ‘‘paṇḍitā dhammā’’ti (dha. sa. dukamātikā 103). Tasmā kosallavasenāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para207"></a><span class="paranum">207</span>. Idāni <span class="bld">catusaṭṭhiyā ākārehī</span>tiādi ñāṇakathāyaṃ (paṭi. ma. 1.107) vuttampi indriyakathāsambandhena idhānetvā vuttaṃ. Taṃ heṭṭhā vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para208"></a><span class="paranum">208</span>. Puna <a name="M2.0147"></a> samantacakkhusambandhena indriyavidhānaṃ vattukāmo <span class="bld">na tassa addiṭṭhamidhatthi kiñcī</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">samantacakkhū</span>ti sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Paññindriyassa vasenā</span>tiādinā pañcannaṃ indriyānaṃ aviyogitaṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Saddahanto paggaṇhātī</span>tiādīhi ekekindriyamūlakehi pañcahi catukkehi pañcannaṃ indriyānaṃ ninnapayogakāle vā maggakkhaṇe vā ekarasabhāvaṃ aññamaññapaccayabhāvañca dasseti. <span class="bld">Saddahitattā paggahita</span>ntiādīhi ekekindriyamūlakehi pañcahi catukkehi pañcannaṃ indriyānaṃ nibbattikāle vā phalakāle vā ekarasabhāvaṃ aññamaññapaccayabhāvañca dasseti. Puna buddhacakkhusambandhena indriyavidhānaṃ vattukāmo <span class="bld">yaṃ buddhacakkhū</span>tiādimāha<a name="V2.0135"></a>. Tattha <span class="bld">buddhacakkhū</span>ti indriyaparopariyattañāṇaṃ āsayānusayañāṇañca. <span class="bld">Buddhañāṇa</span>nti ca idaṃ tadeva dvayaṃ, sesaṃ heṭṭhā vuttatthamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Indriyasamodhānavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Saddhammappakāsiniyā paṭisambhidāmagga-aṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Indriyakathāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter">5. Vimokkhakathā</p>
<p class="title">1. Vimokkhuddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para209"></a><span class="paranum">209</span>. Idāni <a name="V2.0136"></a><a name="P3.0550"></a> indriyakathānantaraṃ kathitāya vimokkhakathāya apubbatthānuvaṇṇanā anuppattā. Ayañhi vimokkhakathā indriyabhāvanānuyuttassa vimokkhasabbhāvato indriyakathānantaraṃ kathitā. Tañca kathento bhagavato sammukhā sutasuttantadesanāpubbaṅgamaṃ katvā kathesi. Tattha suttante tāva <span class="bld">suññato vimokkho</span>tiādīsu suññatākārena nibbānaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā pavatto ariyamaggo suññato vimokkho. So hi suññatāya dhātuyā uppannattā suññato, kilesehi vimuttattā vimokkho. Eteneva nayena animittākārena nibbānaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā pavatto <span class="bld">animitto,</span> appaṇihitākārena nibbānaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā pavatto <span class="bld">appaṇihito</span>ti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Eko <a name="M2.0148"></a> hi āditova aniccato saṅkhāre sammasati. Yasmā pana na aniccato sammasanamatteneva maggavuṭṭhānaṃ hoti, dukkhatopi anattatopi sammasitabbameva, tasmā dukkhatopi anattatopi sammasati. Tassa evaṃ paṭipannassa aniccato ce sammasanakāle maggavuṭṭhānaṃ hoti, ayaṃ <span class="bld">aniccato abhinivisitvā aniccato vuṭṭhāti</span> nāma. Sace panassa dukkhato anattato sammasanakāle maggavuṭṭhānaṃ hoti, ayaṃ <span class="bld">aniccato abhinivisitvā dukkhato, anattato vuṭṭhāti</span> nāma. Esa nayo dukkhato anattato abhinivisitvā vuṭṭhānesupi. Ettha ca yopi aniccato abhiniviṭṭho, yopi dukkhato, yopi anattato. Vuṭṭhānakāle ce aniccato vuṭṭhānaṃ hoti, tayopi janā adhimokkhabahulā honti, saddhindriyaṃ paṭilabhanti, animittavimokkhena vimuccanti, paṭhamamaggakkhaṇe saddhānusārino honti, sattasu ṭhānesu saddhāvimuttā. Sace pana dukkhato vuṭṭhānaṃ hoti, tayopi janā passaddhibahulā honti, samādhindriyaṃ paṭilabhanti, appaṇihitavimokkhena vimuccanti, sabbattha kāyasakkhino honti. Yassa panettha arūpajjhānaṃ pādakaṃ hoti, so aggaphale ubhatobhāgavimutto hoti. Atha nesaṃ anattato vuṭṭhānaṃ hoti, tayopi janā vedabahulā honti, paññindriyaṃ paṭilabhanti, suññatavimokkhena <a name="V2.0137"></a> vimuccanti, paṭhamamaggakkhaṇe dhammānusārino honti, chasu ṭhānesu diṭṭhippattā, aggaphale paññāvimuttāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica maggo nāma pañcahi kāraṇehi nāmaṃ labhati sarasena vā paccanīkena vā saguṇena vā ārammaṇena vā āgamanena vā. Sace hi saṅkhārupekkhā aniccato saṅkhāre sammasitvā vuṭṭhāti, animittavimokkhena vimuccati. Sace dukkhato sammasitvā vuṭṭhāti, appaṇihitavimokkhena <a name="P3.0551"></a> vimuccati. Sace anattato sammasitvā vuṭṭhāti, suññatavimokkhena vimuccati. Idaṃ <span class="bld">sarasato</span> nāmaṃ nāma. Aniccānupassanāya pana saṅkhārānaṃ ghanavinibbhogaṃ katvā niccanimittadhuvanimittasassatanimittāni pahāya āgatattā animitto, dukkhānupassanāya sukhasaññaṃ pahāya paṇidhipatthanaṃ sukkhāpetvā āgatattā appaṇihito, anattānupassanāya attasattapuggalasaññaṃ pahāya saṅkhāre suññato diṭṭhattā suññatoti idaṃ <span class="bld">paccanīkato</span> nāmaṃ nāma. Rāgādīhi pana suññattā suññato, rūpanimittādīnaṃ, rāganimittādīnaṃyeva <a name="M2.0149"></a> vā abhāvena animitto, rāgapaṇidhiādīnaṃ abhāvato appaṇihitoti idamassa <span class="bld">saguṇato</span> nāmaṃ nāma. Soyaṃ suññaṃ animittaṃ appaṇihitañca nibbānaṃ ārammaṇaṃ karotītipi suññato animitto appaṇihitoti vuccati. Idamassa <span class="bld">ārammaṇato</span> nāmaṃ nāma. Āgamanaṃ pana duvidhaṃ vipassanāgamanaṃ maggāgamanañca. Tattha magge vipassanāgamanaṃ labbhati, phale maggāgamanaṃ. Anattānupassanā hi suññatā nāma, suññatavipassanāya maggo suññato, suññatamaggassa phalaṃ suññataṃ. Aniccānupassanā animittā nāma, animittavipassanāya maggo animitto. Idaṃ pana nāmaṃ abhidhammapariyāye na labbhati, suttantapariyāye pana labbhati. Tattha hi gotrabhuñāṇaṃ animittaṃ nibbānaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā animittanāmakaṃ hutvā sayaṃ āgamanīyaṭṭhāne ṭhatvā maggassa nāmaṃ detīti vadanti. Tena maggo animittoti vutto. Maggāgamanena phalaṃ animittanti yujjatiyeva. Dukkhānupassanā saṅkhāresu paṇidhiṃ sukkhāpetvā āgatattā appaṇihitā nāma, appaṇihitavipassanāya maggo appaṇihito, appaṇihitamaggassa phalaṃ appaṇihitanti evaṃ vipassanā attano nāmaṃ maggassa deti, maggo phalassāti idaṃ <span class="bld">āgamanato</span> nāmaṃ nāma. Evaṃ saṅkhārupekkhā vimokkhavisesaṃ niyametīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ bhagavatā desite tayo mahāvatthuke vimokkhe uddisitvā taṃniddesavaseneva aparepi vimokkhe niddisitukāmo <span class="bld">apica aṭṭhasaṭṭhi vimokkhā</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">apicā</span>ti aparapariyāyadassanaṃ. Kathaṃ te aṭṭhasaṭṭhi honti, nanu te pañcasattatīti? Saccaṃ yathārutavasena pañcasattati. Bhagavatā pana desite tayo vimokkhe ṭhapetvā aññavimokkhe niddisanato imesaṃ <a name="V2.0138"></a> tadavarodhato ca ime tayo na gaṇetabbā, ajjhattavimokkhādayo tayopi vimokkhā <a name="P3.0552"></a> catudhā vitthāravacaneyeva antogadhattā na gaṇetabbā, ‘‘paṇihito vimokkho, appaṇihito vimokkho’’ti ettha appaṇihito vimokkho paṭhamaṃ uddiṭṭhena ekanāmikattā na gaṇetabbo, evaṃ imesu sattasu apanītesu sesā aṭṭhasaṭṭhi vimokkhā honti. Evaṃ sante suññatavimokkhādayo tayo puna kasmā uddiṭṭhāti ce? Uddesena saṅgahetvā tesampi niddesakaraṇatthaṃ. Ajjhattavuṭṭhānādayo pana tayo pabhedaṃ vinā mūlarāsivasena <a name="M2.0150"></a> uddiṭṭhā, paṇihitavimokkhapaṭipakkhavasena puna appaṇihito vimokkho uddiṭṭhoti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ajjhattavuṭṭhānādīsu ajjhattato vuṭṭhātīti <span class="bld">ajjhattavuṭṭhāno</span>. Anulomentīti <span class="bld">anulomā</span>. Ajjhattavuṭṭhānānaṃ paṭippassaddhi apagamā <span class="bld">ajjhattavuṭṭhānapaṭippassaddhi. Rūpī</span>ti ajjhattaṃ kesādīsu uppāditaṃ rūpajjhānaṃ rūpaṃ, taṃ rūpamassa atthīti rūpī <span class="bld">rūpāni passatī</span>ti bahiddhā nīlakasiṇādirūpāni jhānacakkhunā passati. Iminā ajjhattabahiddhāvatthukesu kasiṇesu jhānapaṭilābho dassito. <span class="bld">Ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī</span>ti ajjhattaṃ na rūpasaññī, attano kesādīsu anuppāditarūpāvacarajjhānoti attho. Iminā bahiddhā parikammaṃ katvā bahiddhāva paṭiladdhajjhānatā dassitā. <span class="bld">Subhanteva adhimutto</span>ti ‘‘subha’’micceva ārammaṇe adhimutto. Tattha kiñcāpi antoappanāyaṃ ‘‘subha’’nti ābhogo natthi, yo pana appaṭikūlākārena sattārammaṇaṃ pharanto viharati, so yasmā ‘‘subha’’nteva adhimutto hoti, tasmā evaṃ uddeso katoti. Appitappitasamaye eva vikkhambhanavimuttisabbhāvato <span class="bld">samayavimokkho</span>. Soyeva sakiccakaraṇavasena appitasamaye eva niyuttoti <span class="bld">sāmayiko</span>. Sāmāyikotipi pāṭho. Kopetuṃ bhañjituṃ sakkuṇeyyatāya <span class="bld">kuppo</span>. Lokaṃ anatikkamanato loke niyuttoti <span class="bld">lokiko</span>. Lokiyotipi pāṭho. Lokaṃ uttarati, uttiṇṇoti vā <span class="bld">lokuttaro</span>. Ārammaṇakaraṇavasena saha āsavehīti <span class="bld">sāsavo</span>. Ārammaṇakaraṇavasena sampayogavasena ca natthettha āsavāti <span class="bld">anāsavo</span>. Rūpasaṅkhātena saha āmisenāti <span class="bld">sāmiso</span>. Sabbaso rūpārūpappahānā nirāmisatopi nirāmisataroti <span class="bld">nirāmisā nirāmisataro. Paṇihito</span>ti taṇhāvasena paṇihito patthito. Ārammaṇakaraṇavasena saññojanehi saṃyuttattā <span class="bld">saññutto. Ekattavimokkho</span>ti kilesehi anajjhāruḷhattā ekasabhāvo vimokkho. <span class="bld">Saññāvimokkho</span>ti vipassanāñāṇameva viparītasaññāya vimuccanato saññāvimokkho. Tadeva vipassanāñāṇaṃ sammohato vimuccanavasena ñāṇameva vimokkhoti <span class="bld">ñāṇavimokkho. Sītisiyāvimokkho</span>ti vipassanāñāṇameva sīti bhaveyyāti <a name="M2.0151"></a> pavatto vimokkho sītisiyāvimokkho<a name="P3.0553"></a>. Sītisikāvimokkhotipi pāṭho, sītibhāvikāya vimokkhoti tassa atthaṃ vaṇṇayanti. <span class="bld">Jhānavimokkho</span>ti <a name="V2.0139"></a> upacārappanābhedaṃ lokiyalokuttarabhedañca jhānameva vimokkho. <span class="bld">Anupādā cittassa vimokkho</span>ti anupādiyitvā gahaṇaṃ akatvā cittassa vimokkho. Sesaṃ vuttanayeneva veditabbanti.</p>
<p class="centered">Vimokkhuddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">2. Vimokkhaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para210"></a><span class="paranum">210</span>. <span class="bld">Katamo</span>tiādike uddesassa niddese <span class="bld">iti paṭisañcikkhatī</span>ti evaṃ upaparikkhati. <span class="bld">Suññamida</span>nti idaṃ khandhapañcakaṃ suññaṃ. Kena suññaṃ? Attena vā attaniyena vā. Tattha <span class="bld">attena vā</span>ti bālajanaparikappitassa attano abhāvā tena attanā ca suññaṃ. <span class="bld">Attaniyena vā</span>ti tassa parikappitassa attano santakena ca suññaṃ. Attano abhāveneva attaniyābhāvo. Attaniyañca nāma niccaṃ vā siyā sukhaṃ vā, tadubhayampi natthi. Tena niccapaṭikkhepena aniccānupassanā, sukhapaṭikkhepena dukkhānupassanā ca vuttā hoti. <span class="bld">Suññamidaṃ attena vā</span>ti anattānupassanāyeva vuttā. <span class="bld">So</span>ti so evaṃ tīhi anupassanāhi vipassamāno bhikkhu. <span class="bld">Abhinivesaṃ na karotī</span>ti anattānupassanāvasena attābhinivesaṃ na karoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nimittaṃ na karotī</span>ti aniccānupassanāvasena niccanimittaṃ na karoti. <span class="bld">Paṇidhiṃ na karotī</span>ti dukkhānupassanāvasena paṇidhiṃ na karoti. Ime tayo vimokkhā pariyāyena vipassanākkhaṇe tadaṅgavasenāpi labbhanti, nippariyāyena pana samucchedavasena maggakkhaṇeyeva. Cattāri jhānāni ajjhattaṃ nīvaraṇādīhi vuṭṭhānato <span class="bld">ajjhattavuṭṭhāno vimokkho</span>. Catasso arūpasamāpattiyo ārammaṇehi vuṭṭhānato <span class="bld">bahiddhāvuṭṭhāno vimokkho</span>. Ārammaṇampi hi bāhirāyatanāni viya idha ‘‘bahiddhā’’ti vuttaṃ. Ime dve vikkhambhanavimokkhā, dubhato vuṭṭhāno pana samucchedavimokkho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nīvaraṇehi vuṭṭhātī</span>tiādīhi ajjhattavuṭṭhānaṃ sarūpato vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Rūpasaññāyā</span>tiādīhi kasiṇādiārammaṇasamatikkamassa pākaṭattā taṃ <a name="M2.0152"></a> avatvā suttantesu vuttarūpasaññādisamatikkamo <a name="V2.0140"></a> vutto. <span class="bld">Sakkāyadiṭṭhivicikicchāsīlabbataparāmāsā</span>ti samāsapadaṃ, sakkāyadiṭṭhiyā vicikicchāya sīlabbataparāmāsāti vicchedo. Ayameva vā pāṭho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para211"></a><span class="paranum">211</span>. <span class="bld">Vitakko cā</span>tiādīhi jhānānaṃ samāpattīnañca upacārabhūmiyo vuttā. <span class="bld">Aniccānupassanā</span>tiādīhi catunnaṃ maggānaṃ pubbabhāgavipassanā vuttā. <span class="bld">Paṭilābho</span> <a name="P3.0554"></a> <span class="bld">vā</span>ti pañcavidhavasippattiyā byāpito patthaṭo lābhoti paṭilābho. Vasippattiyā hi sabbo jhānapayogo ca samāpattipayogo ca paṭippassaddho hoti, tasmā paṭilābho ‘‘paṭippassaddhivimokkho’’ti vutto. Vipāko pana jhānassa samāpattiyā ca paṭippassaddhi hotīti ujukameva. Keci pana ‘‘upacārapayogassa paṭippassaddhattā jhānassa samāpattiyā ca paṭilābho hoti, tasmā jhānasamāpattipaṭilābho ‘paṭippassaddhivimokkho’ti vuccatī’’ti vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para212"></a><span class="paranum">212</span>. <span class="bld">Ajjhatta</span>nti attānaṃ adhikicca pavattaṃ. <span class="bld">Paccatta</span>nti attānaṃ paṭicca pavattaṃ. Ubhayenāpi niyakajjhattameva dīpeti <span class="bld">nīlanimitta</span>nti nīlameva. <span class="bld">Nīlasaññaṃ paṭilabhatī</span>ti tasmiṃ nīlanimitte nīlamitisaññaṃ paṭilabhati. <span class="bld">Suggahitaṃ karotī</span>ti parikammabhūmiyaṃ suṭṭhu uggahitaṃ karoti. <span class="bld">Sūpadhāritaṃ upadhāretī</span>ti upacārabhūmiyaṃ suṭṭhu upadhāritaṃ katvā upadhāreti. <span class="bld">Svāvatthitaṃ avatthāpetī</span>ti appanābhūmiyaṃ suṭṭhu nicchitaṃ nicchināti. Vavatthāpetītipi pāṭho. Ajjhattañhi nīlaparikammaṃ karonto kese vā pitte vā akkhitārakāyaṃ vā karoti. <span class="bld">Bahiddhā nīlanimitte</span>ti nīlapupphanīlavatthanīladhātūnaṃ aññatare nīlakasiṇe. <span class="bld">Cittaṃ upasaṃharatī</span>ti cittaṃ upaneti. <span class="bld">Pītā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Āsevatī</span>ti tameva saññaṃ ādito sevati. <span class="bld">Bhāvetī</span>ti vaḍḍheti. <span class="bld">Bahulīkarotī</span>ti punappunaṃ karoti. <span class="bld">Rūpa</span>nti nīlanimittaṃ rūpaṃ. <span class="bld">Rūpasaññī</span>ti tasmiṃ rūpe saññā rūpasaññā, sā assa atthīti rūpasaññī. <span class="bld">Ajjhattaṃ pītanimittā</span>dīsu pītaparikammaṃ karonto mede vā chaviyā vā akkhīnaṃ pītaṭṭhāne vā karoti. Lohitaparikammaṃ karonto maṃse vā lohite vā jivhāya vā hatthatalapādatalesu vā akkhīnaṃ rattaṭṭhāne vā karoti. Odātaparikammaṃ karonto aṭṭhimhi vā dante vā nakhe vā akkhīnaṃ setaṭṭhāne vā karoti. <span class="bld">Ajjhattaṃ arūpa</span>nti ajjhattaṃ rūpanimittaṃ natthīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mettāsahagatenā</span>ti <a name="M2.0153"></a> paṭhamadutiyatatiyajjhānavasena mettāya samannāgatena. <span class="bld">Cetasā</span>ti cittena. <span class="bld">Ekaṃ disa</span>nti ekaṃ ekissā disāya paṭhamapariggahitaṃ sattaṃ upādāya ekadisāpariyāpannasattapharaṇavasena vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Pharitvā</span>ti phusitvā ārammaṇaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Viharatī</span>ti brahmavihārādhiṭṭhitaṃ <a name="V2.0141"></a> iriyāpathavihāraṃ pavatteti. <span class="bld">Tathā dutiya</span>nti yathā puratthimādīsu yaṃkiñci ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharati, tatheva tadanantaraṃ dutiyaṃ tatiyaṃ catutthaṃ vāti attho. <span class="bld">Iti uddha</span>nti eteneva nayena uparimaṃ disanti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Adho tiriya</span>nti adhodisampi tiriyaṃ disampi evameva<a name="P3.0555"></a>. Tattha ca <span class="bld">adho</span>ti heṭṭhā. <span class="bld">Tiriya</span>nti anudisā. Evaṃ sabbadisāsu assamaṇḍalikāya assamiva mettāsahagataṃ cittaṃ sāretipi paccāsāretipīti. Ettāvatā ekamekaṃ disaṃ pariggahetvā odhiso mettāpharaṇaṃ dassitaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbadhī</span>tiādi pana anodhiso dassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">sabbadhī</span>ti sabbattha. <span class="bld">Sabbattatāyā</span>ti sabbesu hīnamajjhimukkaṭṭhamittasapattamajjhattādippabhedesu attatāya, ‘‘ayaṃ parasatto’’ti vibhāgaṃ akatvā attasamatāyāti vuttaṃ hoti. Atha vā <span class="bld">sabbattatāyā</span>ti sabbena cittabhāvena, īsakampi bahi avikkhipamānoti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Sabbāvanta</span>nti sabbasattavantaṃ, sabbasattayuttanti attho. Sabbavantantipi pāṭho. <span class="bld">Loka</span>nti sattalokaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vipulenā</span>ti evamādipariyāyadassanato panettha puna ‘‘mettāsahagatenā’’ti vuttaṃ. Yasmā vā ettha odhiso pharaṇe viya puna tathāsaddo vā iti-saddo vā na vutto, tasmā puna ‘‘mettāsahagatena cetasā’’ti vuttaṃ, nigamanavasena vā etaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Vipulenā</span>ti ettha pharaṇavasena vipulatā daṭṭhabbā. Bhūmivasena pana taṃ <span class="bld">mahaggataṃ</span>. Tañhi kilesavikkhambhanasamatthatāya vipulaphalatāya dīghasantānatāya ca mahantabhāvaṃ gataṃ, mahantehi vā uḷāracchandavīriyacittapaññehi gataṃ paṭipannanti mahaggataṃ. Paguṇavasena appamāṇasattārammaṇavasena ca <span class="bld">appamāṇaṃ</span>. Byāpādapaccatthikappahānena <span class="bld">averaṃ</span>. Domanassappahānato <span class="bld">abyāpajjaṃ,</span> niddukkhanti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Appaṭikūlā hontī</span>ti bhikkhuno cittassa appaṭikūlā hutvā upaṭṭhahanti. Sesesupi vuttanayeneva karuṇāmuditāupekkhāvasena yojetabbaṃ. Karuṇāya vihesāpaccatthikappahānena averaṃ, muditāya aratipaccatthikappahānena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upekkhāsahagatenā</span>ti <a name="M2.0154"></a> catutthajjhānavasena upekkhāya samannāgatena. Rāgapaccatthikappahānena averaṃ, gehasitasomanassappahānato abyāpajjaṃ. Sabbampi hi akusalaṃ kilesapariḷāhayogato sabyāpajjamevāti ayametesaṃ viseso.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para213"></a><span class="paranum">213</span>. <span class="bld">Sabbaso</span>ti sabbākārena, sabbāsaṃ vā, anavasesānanti attho. <span class="bld">Rūpasaññāna</span>nti saññāsīsena vuttarūpāvacarajjhānānañceva tadārammaṇānañca. Rūpāvacarajjhānampi hi rūpanti vuccati ‘‘rūpī rūpāni passatī’’tiādīsu (paṭi. ma. 1.209; dha. sa. 248), tassa ārammaṇampi <a name="V2.0142"></a> bahiddhā rūpāni passati ‘‘suvaṇṇadubbaṇṇānī’’tiādīsu (dha. sa. 223). Tasmā idha rūpe saññā rūpasaññāti evaṃ saññāsīsena vuttarūpāvacarajjhānassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Rūpaṃ saññā assāti rūpasaññaṃ, rūpamassa nāmanti <a name="P3.0556"></a> vuttaṃ hoti. Evaṃ pathavīkasiṇādibhedassa tadārammaṇassa cetaṃ adhivacananti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Samatikkamā</span>ti virāgā nirodhā ca. Kiṃ vuttaṃ hoti? Etāsaṃ kusalavipākakiriyāvasena pañcadasannaṃ jhānasaṅkhātānaṃ rūpasaññānaṃ, etesañca pathavīkasiṇādivasena navannaṃ ārammaṇasaṅkhātānaṃ rūpasaññānaṃ sabbākārena, anavasesānaṃ vā virāgā ca nirodhā ca virāgahetu ceva nirodhahetu ca ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Na hi sakkā sabbaso anatikkantarūpasaññena etaṃ upasampajja viharitunti. Yasmā pana ārammaṇasamatikkamena pattabbā etā samāpattiyo, na ekasmiṃyeva ārammaṇe paṭhamajjhānādīni viya. Ārammaṇe avirattassa ca saññāsamatikkamo na hoti, tasmā ayaṃ ārammaṇasamatikkamavasenāpi atthavaṇṇanā katāti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭighasaññānaṃ atthaṅgamā</span>ti cakkhādīnaṃ vatthūnaṃ rūpādīnaṃ ārammaṇānañca paṭighātena uppannā saññā paṭighasaññā, rūpasaññādīnaṃ etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Tāsaṃ kusalavipākānaṃ pañcannaṃ, akusalavipākānaṃ pañcannanti sabbaso dasannampi paṭighasaññānaṃ atthaṅgamā pahānā asamuppādā, appavattiṃ katvāti vuttaṃ hoti. Kāmañcetā paṭhamajjhānādīni samāpannassapi na santi, na hi tasmiṃ samaye pañcadvāravasena cittaṃ pavattati, evaṃ santepi aññattha pahīnānaṃ sukhadukkhānaṃ catutthajjhāne viya sakkāyadiṭṭhādīnaṃ tatiyamagge viya ca imasmiṃ jhāne ussāhajananatthaṃ imassa jhānassa pasaṃsāvasena etāsaṃ ettha <a name="M2.0155"></a> vacanaṃ veditabbaṃ. Atha vā kiñcāpi tā rūpāvacaraṃ samāpannassa na santi, atha kho na pahīnattā na santi. Na hi rūpavirāgāya rūpāvacarabhāvanā saṃvattati, rūpāyattāyeva ca etāsaṃ pavatti. Ayaṃ pana bhāvanā rūpavirāgāya saṃvattati, tasmā tā ettha pahīnāti vattuṃ vaṭṭati. Na kevalañca vattuṃ, ekaṃseneva evaṃ dhāretumpi vaṭṭati. Tāsañhi ito pubbe appahīnattāyeva ‘‘paṭhamajjhānaṃ samāpannassa saddo kaṇṭako’’ti (a. ni. 10.72) vutto bhagavatā. Idha ca pahīnattāyeva arūpasamāpattīnaṃ āneñjatā santavimokkhatā ca vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nānattasaññānaṃ amanasikārā</span>ti nānatte vā gocare pavattānaṃ saññānaṃ, nānattānaṃ vā saññānaṃ. Yasmā hetā rūpasaddādibhede nānatte nānāsabhāve gocare pavattanti, yasmā cetā aṭṭha kāmāvacarakusalasaññā, dvādasa akusalasaññā, ekādasa kāmāvacarakusalavipākasaññā, dve <a name="V2.0143"></a> akusalavipākasaññā, ekādasa kāmāvacarakiriyāsaññāti evaṃ catucattālīsampi saññā nānattā nānāsabhāvā aññamaññavisadisā, tasmā ‘‘nānattasaññā’’ti vuttā. Tāsaṃ sabbaso nānattasaññānaṃ <a name="P3.0557"></a> amanasikārā anāvajjanā citte ca anuppādanā. Yasmā tā nāvajjati citte ca na uppādeti na manasikaroti na paccavekkhati, tasmāti vuttaṃ hoti. Yasmā cettha purimā rūpasaññā paṭighasaññā ca iminā jhānena nibbatte bhavepi na vijjanti, pageva tasmiṃ bhave imaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharaṇakāle, tasmā tāsaṃ samatikkamā atthaṅgamāti dvedhāpi abhāvoyeva vutto. Nānattasaññāsu pana yasmā aṭṭha kāmāvacarakusalasaññā, nava kiriyāsaññā, dasākusalasaññāti imā sattavīsati saññā iminā jhānena nibbatte bhave vijjanti, tasmā tāsaṃ amanasikārāti vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Tatthāpi hi imaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharanto tāsaṃ amanasikārāyeva upasampajja viharati. Tā pana manasikaronto asamāpanno hotīti. Saṅkhepato cettha ‘‘rūpasaññānaṃ samatikkamā’’tiiminā sabbarūpāvacaradhammānaṃ pahānaṃ vuttaṃ. ‘‘Paṭighasaññānaṃ atthaṅgamā nānattasaññānaṃ amanasikārā’’tiiminā sabbesaṃ kāmāvacaracittacetasikānaṃ pahānañca amanasikāro ca vuttoti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ananto</span> <a name="M2.0156"></a> <span class="bld">ākāso</span>ti ettha paññattimattattā nāssa uppādanto vā vayanto vā paññāyatīti ananto, anantapharaṇavasenāpi ananto. Na hi so yogī ekadesavasena pharati, sakalavaseneva pharati. <span class="bld">Ākāso</span>ti kasiṇugghāṭimākāso. <span class="bld">Ākāsānañcāyatanā</span>dīni vuttatthāni. <span class="bld">Upasampajja viharatī</span>ti taṃ patvā nipphādetvā tadanurūpena iriyāpathena viharati. Tadeva samāpajjitabbato <span class="bld">samāpatti</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ samatikkammā</span>ti pubbe vuttanayena jhānampi ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ ārammaṇampi. Ārammaṇampi hi pubbe vuttanayeneva ākāsānañcaṃ ca taṃ paṭhamassa āruppajjhānassa ārammaṇattā devānaṃ devāyatanaṃ viya adhiṭṭhānaṭṭhena āyatanañcāti ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ, tathā ākāsānañcaṃ ca taṃ tassa jhānassa sañjātihetuttā ‘‘kambojā assānaṃ āyatana’’ntiādīni viya sañjātidesaṭṭhena āyatanañcātipi ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ. Evametaṃ jhānañca ārammaṇañcāti ubhayampi appavattikaraṇena ca amanasikaraṇena ca samatikkamitvāva yasmā idaṃ viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja vihātabbaṃ, tasmā ubhayampetamekajjhaṃ katvā ‘‘ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ samatikkammā’’ti idaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Anantaṃ viññāṇa</span>nti taṃyeva ‘‘ananto ākāso’’ti pharitvā pavattaṃ viññāṇaṃ ‘‘anantaṃ viññāṇa’’nti <a name="V2.0144"></a> manasikarontoti vuttaṃ hoti. Manasikāravasena vā anantaṃ. So hi taṃ ākāsārammaṇaṃ viññāṇaṃ anavasesato manasikaronto anantaṃ manasi karoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ</span> <a name="P3.0558"></a> <span class="bld">samatikkammā</span>ti etthāpi ca pubbe vuttanayeneva jhānampi viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ ārammaṇampi. Ārammaṇampi hi pubbe vuttanayeneva viññāṇañcaṃ ca taṃ dutiyassa āruppajjhānassa ārammaṇattā adhiṭṭhānaṭṭhena āyatanañcāti viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ, tathā viññāṇañcaṃ ca taṃ tasseva jhānassa sañjātihetuttā sañjātidesaṭṭhena āyatanañcātipi viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ. Evametaṃ jhānañca ārammaṇañcāti ubhayampi appavattikaraṇena ca amanasikaraṇena ca samatikkamitvāva yasmā idaṃ ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja vihātabbaṃ, tasmā ubhayampetamekajjhaṃ katvā ‘‘viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ samatikkammā’’ti idaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Natthi kiñcī</span>ti natthi natthi, suññaṃ suññaṃ, vivittaṃ vivittanti evaṃ manasikarontoti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ</span> <a name="M2.0157"></a> <span class="bld">samatikkammā</span>ti etthāpi pubbe vuttanayeneva jhānampi ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ ārammaṇampi. Ārammaṇampi hi pubbe vuttanayeneva ākiñcaññañca taṃ tatiyassa āruppajjhānassa ārammaṇattā adhiṭṭhānaṭṭhena āyatanañcāti ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ, tathā ākiñcaññañca taṃ tasseva jhānassa sañjātihetuttā sañjātidesaṭṭhena āyatanañcātipi ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ. Evametaṃ jhānañca ārammaṇañcāti ubhayampi appavattikaraṇena ca amanasikaraṇena ca samatikkamitvāva yasmā idaṃ nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja vihātabbaṃ, tasmā ubhayampetamekajjhaṃ katvā ‘‘ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ samatikkammā’’ti idaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Saññāvedayitanirodhakathā heṭṭhā kathitāva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Rūpī rūpāni passatī’’tiādikā satta vimokkhā paccanīkadhammehi suṭṭhu vimuccanaṭṭhena ārammaṇe abhirativasena suṭṭhu muccanaṭṭhena ca vimokkhā, nirodhasamāpatti pana cittacetasikehi vimuttaṭṭhena vimokkho. Samāpattisamāpannasamaye vimutto hoti, vuṭṭhitasamaye avimutto hotīti <span class="bld">samayavimokkho</span>. Samucchedavimuttivasena accantavimuttattā ariyamaggā, paṭippassaddhivimuttivasena accantavimuttattā sāmaññaphalāni, nissaraṇavimuttivasena accantavimuttattā nibbānaṃ <span class="bld">asamayavimokkho</span>. Tathā <span class="bld">sāmayikāsāmayikavimokkhā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pamādaṃ āgamma parihāyatīti <span class="bld">kuppo</span>. Tathā na parihāyatīti <span class="bld">akuppo</span>. Lokāya saṃvattatīti <a name="V2.0145"></a> <span class="bld">lokiyo</span>. Ariyamaggā lokaṃ uttarantīti <span class="bld">lokuttarā,</span> sāmaññaphalāni nibbānañca lokato uttiṇṇāti lokuttarā. Ādittaṃ ayoguḷaṃ makkhikā viya tejussadaṃ lokuttaraṃ dhammaṃ āsavā nālambantīti <span class="bld">anāsavo. Rūpappaṭisaññutto</span>ti <a name="P3.0559"></a> rūpajjhānāni. <span class="bld">Arūpappaṭisaññutto</span>ti arūpasamāpattiyo. Taṇhāya ālambito <span class="bld">paṇihito</span>. Anālambito <span class="bld">appaṇihito</span>. Maggaphalāni ekārammaṇattā ekaniṭṭhattā ca <span class="bld">ekattavimokkho,</span> nibbānaṃ adutiyattā <span class="bld">ekattavimokkho,</span> ārammaṇanānattā vipākanānattā ca <span class="bld">nānattavimokkho</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para214"></a><span class="paranum">214</span>. <span class="bld">Siyā</span>ti bhaveyya, dasa hontīti ca eko hotīti ca bhaveyyāti attho. ‘‘Siyā’’ti ca etaṃ vidhivacanaṃ, na pucchāvacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Vatthuvasenā</span>ti niccasaññādidasavatthuvasena dasa honti. <span class="bld">Pariyāyenā</span>ti vimuccanapariyāyena <a name="M2.0158"></a> eko hoti. <span class="bld">Siyāti kathañca siyā</span>ti yaṃ vā siyāti vihitaṃ, taṃ kathaṃ siyāti pucchati. <span class="bld">Aniccānupassanañāṇa</span>nti samāsapadaṃ. Aniccānupassanāñāṇanti vā pāṭho. Tathā sesesupi. <span class="bld">Niccato saññāyā</span>ti niccato pavattāya saññāya, ‘‘nicca’’nti pavattāya saññāyāti attho. Esa nayo <span class="bld">sukhato attato nimittato saññāyā</span>ti etthāpi. <span class="bld">Nimittato</span>ti ca niccanimittato. <span class="bld">Nandiyā saññāyā</span>ti nandivasena pavattāya saññāya, nandisampayuttāya saññāyāti attho. Esa nayo <span class="bld">rāgato samudayato ādānato paṇidhito abhinivesato saññāyā</span>ti etthāpi. Yasmā pana khayavayavipariṇāmānupassanā tisso aniccānupassanādīnaṃ balavabhāvāya balavapaccayabhūtā bhaṅgānupassanāvisesā. Bhaṅgadassanena hi aniccānupassanā balavatī hoti. Aniccānupassanāya ca balavatiyā jātāya ‘‘yadaniccaṃ taṃ dukkhaṃ, yaṃ dukkhaṃ tadanattā’’ti (saṃ. ni. 3.15) dukkhānattānupassanāpi balavatiyo honti. Tasmā aniccānupassanādīsu vuttāsu tāpi tisso vuttāva honti. Yasmā ca suññatānupassanā ‘‘abhinivesato saññāya muccatī’’ti vacaneneva sārādānābhinivesasammohābhinivesaālayābhinivesasaññogābhinivesato saññāya muccatīti vuttameva hoti, abhinivesābhāveneva appaṭisaṅkhāto saññāya muccatīti vuttameva hoti, tasmā adhipaññādhammavipassanādayo pañcapi anupassanā na vuttāti veditabbā. Evaṃ aṭṭhārasasu mahāvipassanāsu etā aṭṭha anupassanā avatvā daseva anupassanā vuttāti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para215"></a><span class="paranum">215</span>. <span class="bld">Aniccānupassanā yathābhūtaṃ ñāṇa</span>nti aniccānupassanāyeva yathābhūtañāṇaṃ. Ubhayampi paccattavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Yathābhūtañāṇa</span>nti ñāṇattho vutto. Evaṃ sesesupi. <span class="bld">Sammohā aññāṇā</span>ti sammohabhūtā aññāṇā. <span class="bld">Muccatī</span>ti vimokkhattho vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para216"></a><span class="paranum">216</span>. <span class="bld">Aniccānupassanā</span> <a name="V2.0146"></a> <span class="bld">anuttaraṃ sītibhāvañāṇa</span>nti ettha sāsaneyeva sabbhāvato uttamaṭṭhena anuttaraṃ, anuttarassa paccayattā vā anuttaraṃ, sītibhāvo eva ñāṇaṃ sītibhāvañāṇaṃ. Taṃ aniccānupassanāsaṅkhātaṃ <a name="P3.0560"></a> anuttaraṃ sītibhāvañāṇaṃ. ‘‘Chahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu bhabbo <a name="M2.0159"></a> anuttaraṃ sītibhāvaṃ sacchikātu’’nti (a. ni. 6.85) ettha nibbānaṃ anuttaro sītibhāvo nāma. Idha pana vipassanā anuttaro sītibhāvo. <span class="bld">Niccato santāpapariḷāhadarathā muccatī</span>ti etthāpi ‘‘nicca’’nti pavattakilesā eva idha cāmutra ca santāpanaṭṭhena santāpo, paridahanaṭṭhena pariḷāho, uṇhaṭṭhena darathoti vuccanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para217"></a><span class="paranum">217</span>. <span class="bld">Nekkhammaṃ jhāyatīti jhāna</span>ntiādayo heṭṭhā vuttatthā. Nekkhammādīni cettha aṭṭha samāpattiyo ca nibbedhabhāgiyāneva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para218"></a><span class="paranum">218</span>. <span class="bld">Anupādā cittassa vimokkho</span>ti idha vipassanāyeva. ‘‘Etadatthā kathā, etadatthā mantanā, yadidaṃ anupādā cittassa vimokkho’’ti (pari. 366; a. ni. 3.68) ettha pana nibbānaṃ anupādā cittassa vimokkho. <span class="bld">Katihupādānehī</span>ti katihi upādānehi. <span class="bld">Katamā ekupādānā</span>ti katamato ekupādānato. <span class="bld">Idaṃ ekupādānā</span>ti ito ekato upādānato. <span class="bld">Ida</span>nti pubbañāṇāpekkhaṃ vā. Upādānato muccanesu yasmā ādito saṅkhārānaṃ udayabbayaṃ passitvā passitvā aniccānupassanāya vipassati, pacchā saṅkhārānaṃ bhaṅgameva passitvā animittānupassanāya vipassati. Aniccānupassanāvisesoyeva hi animittānupassanā. Saṅkhārānaṃ udayabbayadassanena ca bhaṅgadassanena ca attābhāvo pākaṭo hoti. Tena diṭṭhupādānassa ca attavādupādānassa ca pahānaṃ hoti. Diṭṭhippahāneneva ca ‘‘sīlabbatena attā sujjhatī’’ti dassanassa abhāvato sīlabbatupādānassa pahānaṃ hoti. Yasmā ca anattānupassanāya ujukameva attābhāvaṃ passati, anattānupassanāvisesoyeva ca suññatānupassanā, tasmā imāni cattāri ñāṇāni diṭṭhupādānādīhi tīhi upādānehi muccanti. Dukkhānupassanādīnaṃyeva pana catassannaṃ taṇhāya ujuvipaccanīkattā aniccānupassanādīnaṃ catassannaṃ kāmupādānato muccanaṃ na vuttaṃ. Yasmā ādito dukkhānupassanāya ‘‘saṅkhārā dukkhā’’ti passato pacchā appaṇihitānupassanāya ca ‘‘saṅkhārā dukkhā’’ti passato saṅkhārānaṃ patthanā pahīyati. Dukkhānupassanāvisesoyeva hi appaṇihitānupassanā. Yasmā ca saṅkhāresu nibbidānupassanāya nibbindantassa virāgānupassanāya <a name="M2.0160"></a> virajjantassa saṅkhārānaṃ patthanā pahīyati, tasmā imāni cattāri ñāṇāni kāmupādānato muccanti. Yasmā nirodhānupassanāya kilese nirodheti, paṭinissaggānupassanāya kilese <a name="V2.0147"></a> pariccajati, tasmā imāni dve ñāṇāni catūhi upādānehi muccantīti evaṃ sabhāvanānattena ca ākāranānattena ca aṭṭhasaṭṭhi vimokkhā niddiṭṭhā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para219"></a><span class="paranum">219</span>. Idāni <a name="P3.0561"></a> ādito uddiṭṭhānaṃ tiṇṇaṃ vimokkhānaṃ mukhāni dassetvā vimokkhamukhapubbaṅgamaṃ indriyavisesaṃ puggalavisesañca dassetukāmo <span class="bld">tīṇi kho panimānī</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">vimokkhamukhānī</span>ti tiṇṇaṃ vimokkhānaṃ mukhāni. <span class="bld">Lokaniyyānāya saṃvattantī</span>ti tedhātukalokato niyyānāya niggamanāya saṃvattanti. <span class="bld">Sabbasaṅkhāre paricchedaparivaṭumato samanupassanatāyā</span>ti sabbesaṃ saṅkhārānaṃ udayabbayavasena paricchedato ceva parivaṭumato ca samanupassanatāya. Lokaniyyānaṃ hotīti pāṭhaseso. Aniccānupassanā hi udayato pubbe saṅkhārā natthīti paricchinditvā tesaṃ gatiṃ samannesamānā vayato paraṃ na gacchanti, ettheva antaradhāyantīti parivaṭumato pariyantato samanupassati. Sabbasaṅkhārā hi udayena pubbantaparicchinnā, vayena aparantaparicchinnā. <span class="bld">Animittāya ca dhātuyā cittasampakkhandanatāyā</span>ti vipassanākkhaṇepi nibbānaninnatāya animittākārena upaṭṭhānato animittasaṅkhātāya nibbānadhātuyā cittapavisanatāya ca lokaniyyānaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Manosamuttejanatāyā</span>ti cittasaṃvejanatāya. Dukkhānupassanāya hi saṅkhāresu cittaṃ saṃvijjati. <span class="bld">Appaṇihitāya ca dhātuyā</span>ti vipassanākkhaṇepi nibbānaninnatāya appaṇihitākārena upaṭṭhānato appaṇihitasaṅkhātāya nibbānadhātuyā. <span class="bld">Sabbadhamme</span>ti nibbānassa avipassanupagattepi anattasabhāvasabbhāvato ‘‘sabbasaṅkhāre’’ti avatvā ‘‘sabbadhamme’’ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Parato samanupassanatāyā</span>ti paccayāyattattā avasatāya avidheyyatāya ca ‘‘nāhaṃ na mama’’nti evaṃ anattato samanupassanatāya. <span class="bld">Suññatāya ca dhātuyā</span>ti vipassanākkhaṇepi nibbānaninnatāya suññatākārena upaṭṭhānato suññatāsaṅkhātāya nibbānadhātuyā. Iti imāni tīṇi vacanāni aniccadukkhānattānupassanānaṃ vasena vuttāni. Teneva tadanantaraṃ <span class="bld">aniccato manasikaroto</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">khayato</span>ti khīyanato. <span class="bld">Bhayato</span>ti sabhayato. <span class="bld">Suññato</span>ti attarahitato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Adhimokkhabahula</span>nti <a name="M2.0161"></a> aniccānupassanāya ‘‘khaṇabhaṅgavasena saṅkhārā bhijjantī’’ti saddhāya paṭipannassa paccakkhato khaṇabhaṅgadassanena ‘‘saccaṃ vatāha bhagavā’’ti bhagavati saddhāya saddhābahulaṃ cittaṃ hoti. Atha vā paccuppannānaṃ padesasaṅkhārānaṃ aniccataṃ passitvā ‘‘evaṃ aniccā atītānāgatapaccuppannā sabbe saṅkhārā’’ti adhimuccanato adhimokkhabahulaṃ cittaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Passaddhibahula</span>nti dukkhānupassanāya cittakkhobhakarāya paṇidhiyā pajahanato cittadarathābhāvena passaddhibahulaṃ cittaṃ hoti. Atha vā dukkhānupassanāya saṃvegajananato saṃviggassa <a name="V2.0148"></a> ca yoniso padahanato vikkhepābhāvena passaddhibahulaṃ <a name="P3.0562"></a> cittaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Vedabahula</span>nti anattānupassanāya bāhirakehi adiṭṭhaṃ gambhīraṃ anattalakkhaṇaṃ passato ñāṇabahulaṃ cittaṃ hoti. Atha vā ‘‘sadevakena lokena adiṭṭhaṃ anattalakkhaṇaṃ diṭṭha’’nti tuṭṭhassa tuṭṭhibahulaṃ cittaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Adhimokkhabahulo saddhindriyaṃ paṭilabhatī</span>ti pubbabhāge adhimokkho bahulaṃ pavattamāno bhāvanāpāripūriyā saddhindriyaṃ nāma hoti, taṃ so paṭilabhati nāma. <span class="bld">Passaddhibahulo samādhindriyaṃ paṭilabhatī</span>ti pubbabhāge passaddhibahulassa ‘‘passaddhakāyo sukhaṃ vedeti, sukhino cittaṃ samādhiyatī’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.73; a. ni. 5.26) vacanato bhāvanāpāripūriyā passaddhipaccayā samādhindriyaṃ hoti, taṃ so paṭilabhati nāma. <span class="bld">Vedabahulo paññindriyaṃ paṭilabhatī</span>ti pubbabhāge vedo bahulaṃ pavattamāno bhāvanāpāripūriyā paññindriyaṃ nāma hoti, taṃ so paṭilabhati nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ādhipateyyaṃ hotī</span>ti chandādike adhipatibhūtepi sakiccanipphādanavasena adhipati hoti padhāno hoti. <span class="bld">Bhāvanāyā</span>ti bhummavacanaṃ, uparūpari bhāvanatthāya vā. <span class="bld">Tadanvayā hontī</span>ti taṃ anugāminī taṃ anuvattinī honti. <span class="bld">Sahajātapaccayā hontī</span>ti uppajjamānā ca sahauppādanabhāvena upakārakā honti pakāsassa padīpo viya. <span class="bld">Aññamaññapaccayā hontī</span>ti aññamaññaṃ uppādanupatthambhanabhāvena upakārakā honti aññamaññūpatthambhakaṃ tidaṇḍaṃ viya. <span class="bld">Nissayapaccayā hontī</span>ti adhiṭṭhānākārena nissayākārena ca upakārakā honti tarucittakammānaṃ pathavīpaṭādi viya. <span class="bld">Sampayuttapaccayā hontī</span>ti ekavatthukaekārammaṇaekuppādaekanirodhasaṅkhātena sampayuttabhāvena upakārakā honti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para220"></a><span class="paranum">220</span>. <span class="bld">Paṭivedhakāle</span>ti <a name="M2.0162"></a> maggakkhaṇe saccapaṭivedhakāle. <span class="bld">Paññindriyaṃ ādhipateyyaṃ hotī</span>ti maggakkhaṇe nibbānaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā saccadassanakiccakaraṇavasena ca kilesappahānakiccakaraṇavasena ca paññindriyameva jeṭṭhakaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Paṭivedhāyā</span>ti saccapaṭivijjhanatthāya. <span class="bld">Ekarasā</span>ti vimuttirasena. <span class="bld">Dassanaṭṭhenā</span>ti saccadassanaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Evaṃ paṭivijjhantopi bhāveti, bhāventopi paṭivijjhatī</span>ti maggakkhaṇe sakiṃyeva bhāvanāya ca paṭivedhassa ca sabbhāvadassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Anattānupassanāya vipassanākkhaṇepi paññindriyasseva ādhipateyyattā ‘‘paṭivedhakālepī’’ti apisaddo payutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para221"></a><span class="paranum">221</span>. <span class="bld">Aniccato</span> <a name="V2.0149"></a> <span class="bld">manasikaroto katamindriyaṃ adhimattaṃ hotī</span>tiādi indriyavisesena puggalavisesaṃ dassetuṃ vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">adhimatta</span>nti adhikaṃ. Tattha saddhindriyasamādhindriyapaññindriyānaṃ adhimattatā saṅkhārupekkhāya <a name="P3.0563"></a> veditabbā. <span class="bld">Saddhāvimutto</span>ti ettha avisesetvā vuttepi upari visesetvā vuttattā sotāpattimaggaṃ ṭhapetvā sesesu sattasu ṭhānesu saddhāvimuttoti vuttaṃ hoti. Saddhāvimutto saddhindriyassa adhimattattā hoti, na saddhindriyassa adhimattattā sabbattha saddhāvimuttotipi vuttaṃ hoti. Sotāpattimaggakkhaṇe saddhindriyassa adhimattattāyeva sesesu samādhindriyapaññindriyādhimattattepi sati saddhāvimuttoyeva nāma hotīti vadanti. <span class="bld">Kāyasakkhī hotī</span>ti aṭṭhasupi ṭhānesu kāyasakkhī nāma hoti. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhippatto hotī</span>ti saddhāvimutte vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saddahanto vimuttoti saddhāvimutto</span>ti saddhindriyassa adhimattattā sotāpattimaggakkhaṇe saddahanto catūsupi phalakkhaṇesu vimuttoti saddhāvimuttoti vuttaṃ hoti. Uparimaggattayakkhaṇe saddhāvimuttattaṃ idāni vakkhati. Sotāpattimaggakkhaṇe pana saddhānusārittaṃ pacchā vakkhati. <span class="bld">Phuṭṭhattā sacchikatoti kāyasakkhī</span>ti sukkhavipassakatte sati upacārajjhānaphassassa rūpārūpajjhānalābhitte sati rūpārūpajjhānaphassassa phuṭṭhattā nibbānaṃ sacchikatoti kāyasakkhī, nāmakāyena vuttappakāre jhānaphasse ca nibbāne ca sakkhīti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhattā pattoti diṭṭhippatto</span>ti sotāpattimaggakkhaṇe sampayuttena paññindriyena paṭhamaṃ nibbānassa diṭṭhattā pacchā sotāpattiphalādivasena nibbānaṃ pattoti diṭṭhippatto, paññindriyasaṅkhātāya diṭṭhiyā <a name="M2.0163"></a> nibbānaṃ pattoti vuttaṃ hoti. Sotāpattimaggakkhaṇe pana dhammānusārittaṃ pacchā vakkhati. <span class="bld">Saddahanto vimuccatīti saddhāvimutto</span>ti saddhindriyassa adhimattattā sakadāgāmianāgāmiarahattamaggakkhaṇesu saddahanto vimuccatīti saddhāvimutto. Ettha vimuccamānopi āsaṃsāya bhūtavacanavasena ‘‘vimutto’’ti vutto. <span class="bld">Jhānaphassa</span>nti tividhaṃ jhānaphassaṃ. ‘‘Jhānaphassa’’ntiādīni ‘‘dukkhā saṅkhārā’’tiādīni ca paṭhamaṃ vuttaṃ dvayameva visesetvā vuttāni. <span class="bld">Ñātaṃ hotī</span>tiādīni heṭṭhā vuttatthāni. Ettha ca jhānalābhī puggalo samādhindriyassa anukūlāya dukkhānupassanāya eva vuṭṭhahitvā maggaphalāni pāpuṇātīti ācariyānaṃ adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Siyā</span>ti siyuṃ, bhaveyyunti attho. ‘‘Siyā’’ti etaṃ vidhivacanameva. <span class="bld">Tayo puggalā</span>ti vipassanāniyamena indriyaniyamena ca vuttā tayo puggalā. <span class="bld">Vatthuvasenā</span>ti tīsu anupassanāsu ekekaindriyavatthuvasena. <span class="bld">Pariyāyenā</span>ti teneva pariyāyena. Iminā vārena kiṃ dassitaṃ hoti<a name="P3.0564"></a>? Heṭṭhā <a name="V2.0150"></a> ekekissā anupassanāya ekekassa indriyassa ādhipaccaṃ yebhuyyavasena vuttanti ca, kadāci tīsupi anupassanāsu ekekasseva indriyassa ādhipaccaṃ hotīti ca dassitaṃ hoti. Atha vā pubbabhāgavipassanākkhaṇe tissannampi anupassanānaṃ sabbhāvato tāsu pubbabhāgavipassanāsu tesaṃ tesaṃ indriyānaṃ ādhipaccaṃ apekkhitvā maggaphalakkhaṇesu saddhāvimuttādīni nāmāni hontīti. Evañhi vuccamāne heṭṭhā vuṭṭhānagāminivipassanāya upari ca kato indriyādhipaccapuggalaniyamo sukatoyeva niccaloyeva ca hoti. Anantaravāre <span class="bld">siyā</span>ti <span class="bld">aññoyevā</span>ti evaṃ siyāti attho. Ettha pubbe vuttoyeva niyamo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni maggaphalavasena puggalavisesaṃ vibhajitvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">aniccato manasikaroto…pe… sotāpattimaggaṃ paṭilabhatī</span>tiādimāha. Tattha saddhaṃ anussarati anugacchati, saddhāya vā nibbānaṃ anussarati anugacchatīti <span class="bld">saddhānusārī. Sacchikata</span>nti paccakkhakataṃ. <span class="bld">Arahatta</span>nti arahattaphalaṃ. Paññāsaṅkhātaṃ dhammaṃ anussarati, tena vā dhammena nibbānaṃ anussaratīti <span class="bld">dhammānusārī</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para222"></a><span class="paranum">222</span>. Puna <a name="M2.0164"></a> aparehi pariyāyehi indriyattayavisesena puggalavisesaṃ vaṇṇetukāmo <span class="bld">ye hi kecī</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">bhāvitā vā</span>ti atīte bhāvayiṃsu vā. <span class="bld">Bhāventi vā</span>ti paccuppanne. <span class="bld">Bhāvissanti vā</span>ti anāgate. <span class="bld">Adhigatā vā</span>tiādi ekekantikaṃ purimassa purimassa atthavivaraṇatthaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Phassitā vā</span>ti ñāṇaphusanāya phusiṃsu vā. <span class="bld">Vasippattā</span>ti issarabhāvaṃ pattā. <span class="bld">Pāramippattā</span>ti vosānaṃ pattā. <span class="bld">Vesārajjappattā</span>ti visāradabhāvaṃ pattā. Sabbattha saddhāvimuttādayo heṭṭhā vuttakkhaṇesuyeva, satipaṭṭhānādayo maggakkhaṇeyeva. <span class="bld">Aṭṭha vimokkhe</span>ti ‘‘rūpī rūpāni passatī’’tiādike (paṭi. ma. 1.209; dha. sa. 248) paṭisambhidāmaggappattiyā eva pattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tisso sikkhā</span>ti adhisīlasikkhā adhicittasikkhā adhipaññāsikkhā maggappattā eva sikkhamānā. <span class="bld">Dukkhaṃ parijānantī</span>tiādīni maggakkhaṇeyeva. <span class="bld">Pariññāpaṭivedhaṃ paṭivijjhatī</span>ti pariññāpaṭivedhena paṭivijjhati, pariññāya paṭivijjhitabbanti vā pariññāpaṭivedhaṃ. Evaṃ sesesupi. Sabbadhammādīhi visesetvā <span class="bld">abhiññāpaṭivedhā</span>dayo vuttā. <span class="bld">Sacchikiriyāpaṭivedho</span> pana maggakkhaṇeyeva nibbānapaccavekkhaṇañāṇasiddhivasena <a name="P3.0565"></a> veditabboti. Evamidha pañca ariyapuggalā niddiṭṭhā honti, ubhatobhāgavimutto ca paññāvimutto cāti ime dve aniddiṭṭhā. Aññattha (visuddhi. 2.773) pana ‘‘yo pana dukkhato manasikaronto passaddhibahulo samādhindriyaṃ <a name="V2.0151"></a> paṭilabhati, so sabbattha kāyasakkhī nāma hoti, arūpajjhānaṃ pana patvā aggaphalaṃ patto ubhatobhāgavimutto nāma hoti. Yo pana anattato manasikaronto vedabahulo paññindriyaṃ paṭilabhati, sotāpattimaggakkhaṇe dhammānusārī hoti, chasu ṭhānesu diṭṭhippatto, aggaphale paññāvimutto’’ti vuttaṃ. Te idha kāyasakkhidiṭṭhippattehiyeva saṅgahitā. Atthato pana arūpajjhānena ceva ariyamaggena cāti ubhatobhāgena vimuttoti ubhatobhāgavimutto. Pajānanto vimuttoti paññāvimuttoti. Ettāvatā indriyapuggalavisesā niddiṭṭhā honti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para223-226"></a><span class="paranum">223-226</span>. Idāni vimokkhapubbaṅgamameva vimokkhavisesaṃ puggalavisesañca dassetukāmo <span class="bld">aniccato manasikaroto</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">dve vimokkhā</span>ti appaṇihitasuññatavimokkhā. Aniccānupassanāgamanavasena hi animittavimokkhoti laddhanāmo maggo rāgadosamohapaṇidhīnaṃ abhāvā <a name="M2.0165"></a> saguṇato ca tesaṃyeva paṇidhīnaṃ abhāvā appaṇihitanti laddhanāmaṃ nibbānaṃ ārammaṇaṃ karotīti ārammaṇato ca appaṇihitavimokkhoti nāmampi labhati. Tathā rāgadosamohehi suññattā saguṇato ca rāgādīhiyeva suññattā suññatanti laddhanāmaṃ nibbānaṃ ārammaṇaṃ karotīti ārammaṇato ca suññatavimokkhoti nāmampi labhati. Tasmā te dve vimokkhā animittavimokkhanvayā nāma honti. Animittamaggato anaññepi aṭṭhannaṃ maggaṅgānaṃ ekekassa maggaṅgassa vasena sahajātādipaccayā ca hontīti veditabbā. Puna <span class="bld">dve vimokkhā</span>ti suññatānimittavimokkhā. Dukkhānupassanāgamanavasena hi appaṇihitavimokkhoti laddhanāmo maggo rūpanimittādīnaṃ rāganimittādīnaṃ niccanimittādīnañca abhāvā saguṇato ca tesaṃyeva nimittānaṃ abhāvā animittasaṅkhātaṃ nibbānaṃ ārammaṇaṃ karotīti ārammaṇato ca animittavimokkhoti nāmampi labhati. Sesaṃ vuttanayeneva yojetabbaṃ. Puna <span class="bld">dve vimokkhā</span>ti animittaappaṇihitavimokkhā. Yojanā panettha vuttanayā eva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭivedhakāle</span>ti indriyānaṃ vuttakkameneva vuttaṃ. Maggakkhaṇaṃ pana muñcitvā vipassanākkhaṇe vimokkho nāma natthi<a name="P3.0566"></a>. Paṭhamaṃ vuttoyeva pana maggavimokkho ‘‘paṭivedhakāle’’ti vacanena visesetvā dassito. ‘‘Yo cāyaṃ puggalo saddhāvimutto’’tiādikā dve vārā ca ‘‘aniccato manasikaronto sotāpattimaggaṃ paṭilabhatī’’tiādiko vāro ca saṅkhitto, vimokkhavasena pana yojetvā vitthārato veditabbo. <span class="bld">Ye hi keci nekkhamma</span>ntiādiko vāro vuttanayeneva veditabboti. Ettāvatā vimokkhapuggalavisesā niddiṭṭhā hontīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para227"></a><span class="paranum">227</span>. Puna <a name="V2.0152"></a> vimokkhamukhāni ca vimokkhe ca anekadhā niddisitukāmo <span class="bld">aniccato manasikaronto</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">yathābhūta</span>nti yathāsabhāvena. <span class="bld">Jānātī</span>ti ñāṇena jānāti. <span class="bld">Passatī</span>ti teneva ñāṇena cakkhunā viya passati. <span class="bld">Tadanvayenā</span>ti tadanugamanena, tassa paccakkhato ñāṇena diṭṭhassa anugamanenāti attho. <span class="bld">Kaṅkhā pahīyatī</span>ti aniccānupassanāya niccāniccakaṅkhā, itarāhi itarakaṅkhā. <span class="bld">Nimitta</span>nti santatighanavinibbhogena niccasaññāya pahīnattā ārammaṇabhūtaṃ saṅkhāranimittaṃ yathābhūtaṃ jānāti. <span class="bld">Tena vuccati sammādassana</span>nti tena yathābhūtajānanena taṃ ñāṇaṃ ‘‘sammādassana’’nti <a name="M2.0166"></a> vuccati. <span class="bld">Pavatta</span>nti dukkhappattākāre sukhasaññaṃ ugghāṭetvā sukhasaññāya pahānena paṇidhisaṅkhātāya taṇhāya pahīnattā sukhasammatampi vipākapavattaṃ yathābhūtaṃ jānāti. <span class="bld">Nimittañca pavattañcā</span>ti nānādhātumanasikārasambhavena samūhaghanavinibbhogena ubhayathāpi attasaññāya pahīnattā saṅkhāranimittañca vipākapavattañca yathābhūtaṃ jānāti. <span class="bld">Yañca yathābhūtaṃ ñāṇa</span>ntiādittayaṃ idāni vuttameva, na aññaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhayato upaṭṭhātī</span>ti niccasukhaattābhāvadassanato yathākkamaṃ taṃ taṃ bhayato upaṭṭhāti. <span class="bld">Yā ca bhayatupaṭṭhāne paññā</span>tiādinā ‘‘udayabbayānupassanāñāṇaṃ bhaṅgānupassanāñāṇaṃ bhayatupaṭṭhānañāṇaṃ ādīnavānupassanāñāṇaṃ nibbidānupassanāñāṇaṃ muñcitukamyatāñāṇaṃ paṭisaṅkhānupassanāñāṇaṃ saṅkhārupekkhāñāṇaṃ anulomañāṇa’’nti vuttesu paṭipadāñāṇadassanavisuddhisaṅkhātesu navasu vipassanāñāṇesu bhayatupaṭṭhānasambandhena avatthābhedena bhinnāni ekaṭṭhāni tīṇi ñāṇāni vuttāni, na sesāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Puna tīsu anupassanāsu ante ṭhitāya anantarāya anattānupassanāya <a name="P3.0567"></a> sambandhena tāya saha suññatānupassanāya ekaṭṭhataṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">yā ca anattānupassanā yā ca suññatānupassanā</span>tiādimāha. Imāni hi dve ñāṇāni atthato ekameva, avatthābhedena pana bhinnāni. Yathā ca imāni, tathā aniccānupassanā ca animittānupassanā ca atthato ekameva ñāṇaṃ, dukkhānupassanā ca appaṇihitānupassanā ca atthato ekameva ñāṇaṃ, kevalaṃ avatthābhedeneva bhinnāni. Anattānupassanāsuññatānupassanānañca ekaṭṭhatāya vuttāya tesaṃ dvinnaṃ dvinnampi ñāṇānaṃ ekalakkhaṇattā ekaṭṭhatā vuttāva hotīti. <span class="bld">Nimittaṃ paṭisaṅkhā ñāṇaṃ uppajjatī</span>ti ‘‘saṅkhāranimittaṃ addhuvaṃ tāvakālika’’nti aniccalakkhaṇavasena jānitvā ñāṇaṃ uppajjati. Kāmañca na paṭhamaṃ jānitvā pacchā ñāṇaṃ uppajjati, vohāravasena pana ‘‘manañca paṭicca dhamme ca uppajjati manoviññāṇa’’ntiādīni (saṃ. ni. 4.60; ma. ni. 1.400; 3.421) viya evaṃ vuccati. Saddasatthavidūpi ca ‘‘ādiccaṃ pāpuṇitvā tamo vigacchatī’’tiādīsu viya samānakālepi imaṃ padaṃ icchanti. Ekattanayena vā <a name="V2.0153"></a> purimañca pacchimañca ekaṃ katvā evaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Iminā nayena itarasmimpi padadvaye attho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Muñcitukamyatā</span>dīnaṃ tiṇṇaṃ ñāṇānaṃ ekaṭṭhatā heṭṭhā vuttanayā eva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nimittā</span> <a name="M2.0167"></a> <span class="bld">cittaṃ vuṭṭhātī</span>ti saṅkhāranimitte dosadassanena tattha anallīnatāya saṅkhāranimittā cittaṃ vuṭṭhāti nāma. <span class="bld">Animitte cittaṃ pakkhandatī</span>ti saṅkhāranimittapaṭipakkhena animittasaṅkhāte nibbāne tanninnatāya cittaṃ pavisati. Sesānupassanādvayepi iminā nayena attho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Nirodhe nibbānadhātuyā</span>ti idha vutteneva paṭhamānupassanādvayampi vuttameva hoti. Nirodhetipi pāṭho. <span class="bld">Bahiddhāvuṭṭhānavivaṭṭane paññā</span>ti vuṭṭhānasambandhena gotrabhuñāṇaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Gotrabhū dhammā</span>ti gotrabhuñāṇameva. Itarathā hi ekaṭṭhatā na yujjati. ‘‘Asaṅkhatā dhammā, appaccayā dhammā’’tiādīsu (dha. sa. dukamātikā 7, 8) viya vā catumaggavasena vā bahuvacanaṃ katanti veditabbaṃ. Yasmā vimokkhoti maggo, maggo ca dubhatovuṭṭhāno, tasmā tena sambandhena <span class="bld">yā ca dubhatovuṭṭhānavivaṭṭane paññā</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para228"></a><span class="paranum">228</span>. Puna vimokkhānaṃ nānākkhaṇānaṃ ekakkhaṇapariyāyaṃ dassetukāmo <span class="bld">katihākārehī</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">ādhipateyyaṭṭhenā</span>ti jeṭṭhakaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Adhiṭṭhānaṭṭhenā</span>ti patiṭṭhānaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Abhinīhāraṭṭhenā</span>ti vipassanāvīthito nīharaṇaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Niyyānaṭṭhenā</span>ti nibbānupagamanaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Aniccato manasikaroto</span>ti vuṭṭhānagāminivipassanākkhaṇeyeva<a name="P3.0568"></a>. <span class="bld">Animitto vimokkho</span>ti maggakkhaṇeyeva. Esa nayo sesesu. <span class="bld">Cittaṃ adhiṭṭhātī</span>ti cittaṃ adhikaṃ katvā ṭhāti, cittaṃ patiṭṭhāpetīti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Cittaṃ abhinīharatī</span>ti vipassanāvīthito cittaṃ nīharati. <span class="bld">Nirodhaṃ nibbānaṃ niyyātī</span>ti nirodhasaṅkhātaṃ nibbānaṃ upagacchatīti evaṃ ākāranānattato catudhā nānākkhaṇatā dassitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ekakkhaṇatāya <span class="bld">samodhānaṭṭhenā</span>ti ekajjhaṃ samosaraṇaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Adhigamanaṭṭhenā</span>ti vindanaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Paṭilābhaṭṭhenā</span>ti pāpuṇanaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Paṭivedhaṭṭhenā</span>ti ñāṇena paṭivijjhanaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Sacchikiriyaṭṭhenā</span>ti paccakkhakaraṇaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Phassanaṭṭhenā</span>ti ñāṇaphusanāya phusanaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Abhisamayaṭṭhenā</span>ti abhimukhaṃ samāgamanaṭṭhena. Ettha ‘‘samodhānaṭṭhenā’’ti mūlapadaṃ, sesāni adhigamavevacanāni. Tasmāyeva hi sabbesaṃ ekato vissajjanaṃ kataṃ. <span class="bld">Nimittā muccatī</span>ti niccanimittato muccati. Iminā vimokkhaṭṭho vutto. <span class="bld">Yato muccatī</span>ti yato nimittato muccati. <span class="bld">Tattha na paṇidahatī</span>ti tasmiṃ nimitte <a name="M2.0168"></a> patthanaṃ na karoti. <span class="bld">Yattha na paṇidahatī</span>ti yasmiṃ nimitte na paṇidahati. <span class="bld">Tena suñño</span>ti <a name="V2.0154"></a> tena nimittena suñño. <span class="bld">Yena suñño</span>ti yena nimittena suñño. <span class="bld">Tena nimittena animitto</span>ti iminā animittaṭṭho vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṇidhiyā muccatī</span>ti paṇidhito muccati. ‘‘Paṇidhi muccatī’’ti pāṭho nissakkatthoyeva. Iminā vimokkhaṭṭho vutto. <span class="bld">Yattha na paṇidahatī</span>ti yasmiṃ dukkhe na paṇidahati. <span class="bld">Tena suñño</span>ti tena dukkhena suñño. <span class="bld">Yena suñño</span>ti yena dukkhanimittena suñño. <span class="bld">Yena nimittenā</span>ti yena dukkhanimittena. <span class="bld">Tattha na paṇidahatī</span>ti iminā appaṇihitaṭṭho vutto. <span class="bld">Abhinivesā muccatī</span>ti iminā vimokkhaṭṭho vutto. <span class="bld">Yena suñño</span>ti yena abhinivesanimittena suñño. <span class="bld">Yena nimittenā</span>ti yena abhinivesanimittena. <span class="bld">Yattha na paṇidahati, tena suñño</span>ti yasmiṃ abhinivesanimitte na paṇidahati, tena abhinivesanimittena suñño. Iminā suññataṭṭho vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para229"></a><span class="paranum">229</span>. Puna aṭṭhavimokkhādīni niddisitukāmo <span class="bld">atthi vimokkho</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">niccato abhinivesā</span>tiādīni saññāvimokkhe vuttanayena veditabbāni. <span class="bld">Sabbābhinivesehī</span>ti vuttappakārehi abhinivesehi. Iti abhinivesamuccanavasena suññatavimokkhā nāma jātā, teyeva niccādinimittamuccanavasena animittavimokkhā, niccantiādipaṇidhīhi muccanavasena appaṇihitavimokkhā. Ettha ca <span class="bld">paṇidhi muccatī</span>ti sabbattha nissakkattho veditabbo. Paṇidhiyā <a name="P3.0569"></a> muccatīti vā pāṭho. ‘‘Sabbapaṇidhīhi muccatī’’ti cettha sādhakaṃ. Evaṃ tisso anupassanā tadaṅgavimokkhattā ca samucchedavimokkhassa paccayattā ca pariyāyena vimokkhāti vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para230"></a><span class="paranum">230</span>. <span class="bld">Tattha jātā</span>ti anantare vipassanāvimokkhepi sati imissā kathāya maggavimokkhādhikārattā tasmiṃ maggavimokkhe jātāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Anavajjakusalā</span>ti rāgādivajjavirahitā kusalā. Vicchedaṃ katvā vā pāṭho. <span class="bld">Bodhipakkhiyā dhammā</span>ti ‘‘cattāro satipaṭṭhānā, cattāro sammappadhānā, cattāro iddhipādā, pañcindriyāni, pañca balāni, satta bojjhaṅgā<a name="M2.0169"></a>, ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo’’ti (ma. ni. 3.35, 43; cūḷani. mettagūmāṇavapucchāniddesa 22; mi. pa. 5.4.1) vuttā sattatiṃsa bodhipakkhiyadhammā. <span class="bld">Idaṃ mukha</span>nti idaṃ vuttappakāraṃ dhammajātaṃ ārammaṇato nibbānapavesāya mukhattā mukhaṃ nāmāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Tesaṃ dhammāna</span>nti tesaṃ bodhipakkhiyānaṃ dhammānaṃ. <span class="bld">Idaṃ vimokkhamukha</span>nti nibbānaṃ vikkhambhanatadaṅgasamucchedapaṭippassaddhinissaraṇavimokkhesu nissaraṇavimokkhova, ‘‘yāvatā, bhikkhave<a name="V2.0155"></a>, dhammā saṅkhatā vā asaṅkhatā vā, virāgo tesaṃ dhammānaṃ aggamakkhāyatī’’ti (itivu. 90; a. ni. 4.34) vuttattā uttamaṭṭhena mukhañcāti vimokkhamukhaṃ. Vimokkhañca taṃ mukhañca vimokkhamukhanti kammadhārayasamāsavasena ayameva attho vutto. <span class="bld">Vimokkhañcā</span>ti ettha liṅgavipallāso kato. <span class="bld">Tīṇi akusalamūlānī</span>ti lobhadosamohā. <span class="bld">Tīṇi duccaritānī</span>ti kāyavacīmanoduccaritāni. <span class="bld">Sabbepi akusalā dhammā</span>ti akusalamūlehi sampayuttā duccaritehi sampayuttā ca asampayuttā ca sevitabbadomanassādīni ṭhapetvā sabbepi akusalā dhammā. <span class="bld">Kusalamūlasucaritāni</span> vuttapaṭipakkhena veditabbāni. <span class="bld">Sabbepi kusalā dhammā</span>ti vuttanayeneva sampayuttā asampayuttā ca vimokkhassa upanissayabhūtā sabbepi kusalā dhammā. Vivaṭṭakathā heṭṭhā vuttā. Vimokkhavivaṭṭasambandhena panettha sesavivaṭṭāpi vuttā. <span class="bld">Āsevanā</span>ti ādito sevanā. <span class="bld">Bhāvanā</span>ti tasseva vaḍḍhanā. <span class="bld">Bahulīkamma</span>nti tasseva vasippattiyā punappunaṃ karaṇaṃ. Maggassa pana ekakkhaṇeyeva kiccasādhanavasena āsevanādīni veditabbāni. <span class="bld">Paṭilābho vā vipāko vā</span>tiādīni heṭṭhā vuttatthānevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Vimokkhaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Saddhammappakāsiniyā paṭisambhidāmagga-aṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Vimokkhakathāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter">6. Gatikathā</p>
<p class="title">Gatikathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para231"></a><span class="paranum">231</span>. Idāni <a name="V2.0156"></a><a name="P3.0570"></a> tassā vimokkhuppattiyā hetubhūtaṃ hetusampattiṃ dassentena kathitāya gatikathāya apubbatthānuvaṇṇanā. Duhetukapaṭisandhikassāpi hi ‘‘natthi jhānaṃ apaññassā’’ti (dha. pa. 372) vacanato jhānampi na uppajjati, kiṃ <a name="M2.0170"></a> pana vimokkho. Tattha <span class="bld">gatisampattiyā</span>ti nirayatiracchānayonipettivisayamanussadevasaṅkhātāsu pañcasu gatīsu manussadevasaṅkhātāya gatisampattiyā. Etena purimā tisso gativipattiyo paṭikkhipati. Gatiyā sampatti gatisampatti, sugatīti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Gatī</span>ti ca sahokāsā khandhā. Pañcasu ca gatīsu pettivisayaggahaṇeneva asurakāyopi gahito. <span class="bld">Devā</span>ti cha kāmāvacaradevā brahmāno ca. Devaggahaṇena asurāpi saṅgahitā. <span class="bld">Ñāṇasampayutte</span>ti ñāṇasampayuttapaṭisandhikkhaṇe. Khaṇopi hi ñāṇasampayuttayogena teneva vohārena vuttoti veditabbo. <span class="bld">Katinaṃ hetūna</span>nti alobhādosāmohahetūsu katinaṃ hetūnaṃ. <span class="bld">Upapattī</span>ti upapajjanaṃ, nibbattīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā pana suddakulajātāpi tihetukā honti, tasmā te sandhāya paṭhamapucchā. Yasmā ca yebhuyyena mahāpuññā tīsu mahāsālakulesu jāyanti, tasmā tesaṃ tiṇṇaṃ kulānaṃ vasena tisso pucchā. Pāṭho pana saṅkhitto. Mahatī sālā etesanti mahāsālā, mahāgharā mahāvibhavāti attho. Atha vā mahā sāro etesanti mahāsārāti vattabbe ra-kārassa la-kāraṃ katvā ‘‘mahāsālā’’ti vuttaṃ. Khattiyā mahāsālā, khattiyesu vā mahāsālāti <span class="bld">khattiyamahāsālā</span>. Sesesupi eseva nayo. Tattha yassa khattiyassa gehe pacchimantena koṭisataṃ dhanaṃ nidhānagataṃ hoti, kahāpaṇānañca vīsati ambaṇāni divasaṃ valañje nikkhamanti, ayaṃ <span class="bld">khattiyamahāsālo</span> nāma. Yassa brāhmaṇassa gehe pacchimantena asītikoṭidhanaṃ nidhānagataṃ hoti, kahāpaṇānañca dasa ambaṇāni divasaṃ valañje nikkhamanti, ayaṃ <span class="bld">brāhmaṇamahāsālo</span> nāma. Yassa gahapatissa gehe pacchimantena cattālīsakoṭidhanaṃ nidhānagataṃ hoti, kahāpaṇānañca pañca ambaṇāni divasaṃ valañje nikkhamanti, ayaṃ <span class="bld">gahapatimahāsālo</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Rūpāvacarānaṃ <a name="V2.0157"></a> arūpāvacarānañca ekantatihetukattā ‘‘ñāṇasampayutte’’ti na vuttaṃ, manussesu pana duhetukāhetukānañca sabbhāvato, kāmāvacaresu devesu duhetukānañca sabbhāvato sesesu ‘‘ñāṇasampayutte’’ti vuttaṃ. Ettha ca kāmāvacaradevā pañcakāmaguṇaratiyā <a name="P3.0571"></a> kīḷanti, sarīrajutiyā ca jotantīti <span class="bld">devā,</span> rūpāvacarabrahmāno jhānaratiyā kīḷanti<a name="M2.0171"></a>, sarīrajutiyā ca jotantīti devā, arūpāvacarabrahmāno jhānaratiyā kīḷanti, ñāṇajutiyā ca jotantīti devā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para232"></a><span class="paranum">232</span>. <span class="bld">Kusalakammassa javanakkhaṇe</span>ti atītajātiyā idha tihetukapaṭisandhijanakassa tihetukakāmāvacarakusalakammassa ca javanavīthiyaṃ punappunaṃ uppattivasena sattavāraṃ javanakkhaṇe, pavattanakāleti attho. <span class="bld">Tayo hetū kusalā</span>ti alobho kusalahetu adoso kusalahetu amoho kusalahetu. <span class="bld">Tasmiṃ khaṇe jātacetanāyā</span>ti tasmiṃ vuttakkhaṇeyeva jātāya kusalacetanāya. <span class="bld">Sahajātapaccayā hontī</span>ti uppajjamānā ca sahauppādanabhāvena upakārakā honti. <span class="bld">Tena vuccatī</span>ti tena sahajātapaccayabhāveneva vuccati. <span class="bld">Kusalamūlapaccayāpi saṅkhārā</span>ti ekacittakkhaṇikapaccayākāranayena vuttaṃ. ‘‘Saṅkhārā’’ti ca bahuvacanena tattha saṅkhārakkhandhasaṅgahitā sabbe cetasikā gahitāti veditabbaṃ. Apisaddena saṅkhārapaccayāpi kusalamūlānītipi vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nikantikkhaṇe</span>ti attano vipākaṃ dātuṃ paccupaṭṭhitakamme vā tathā paccupaṭṭhitakammena upaṭṭhāpite kammanimitte vā gatinimitte vā uppajjamānānaṃ nikantikkhaṇe. <span class="bld">Nikantī</span>ti nikāmanā patthanā. Āsannamaraṇassa hi mohena ākulacittattā avīcijālāyapi nikanti uppajjati, kiṃ pana sesesu nimittesu. <span class="bld">Dve hetū</span>ti lobho akusalahetu moho akusalahetu. Bhavanikanti pana paṭisandhianantaraṃ pavattabhavaṅgavīthito vuṭṭhitamattasseva attano khandhasantānaṃ ārabbha sabbesampi uppajjati. ‘‘Yassa vā pana yattha akusalā dhammā na uppajjittha, tassa tattha kusalā dhammā na uppajjitthāti āmantā’’ti evamādi idameva sandhāya vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Tasmiṃ khaṇe jātacetanāyā</span>ti akusalacetanāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭisandhikkhaṇe</span>ti tena kammena gahitapaṭisandhikkhaṇe. <span class="bld">Tayo hetū</span>ti alobho abyākatahetu adoso abyākatahetu amoho abyākatahetu. <span class="bld">Tasmiṃ khaṇe jātacetanāyā</span>ti vipākābyākatacetanāya. <span class="bld">Nāmarūpapaccayāpi viññāṇa</span>nti ettha tasmiṃ paṭisandhikkhaṇe tayo vipākahetū sesacetasikā ca nāmaṃ, hadayavatthu rūpaṃ. Tato <a name="M2.0172"></a> nāmarūpapaccayatopi paṭisandhiviññāṇaṃ pavattati. <span class="bld">Viññāṇapaccayāpi nāmarūpa</span>nti etthāpi nāmaṃ vuttappakārameva, rūpaṃ pana idha sahetukamanussapaṭisandhiyā adhippetattā gabbhaseyyakānaṃ vatthudasakaṃ kāyadasakaṃ bhāvadasakanti <a name="V2.0158"></a> samatiṃsa rūpāni, saṃsedajānaṃ opapātikānañca paripuṇṇāyatanānaṃ cakkhudasakaṃ sotadasakaṃ ghānadasakaṃ jivhādasakañcāti samasattati rūpāni. Taṃ vuttappakāraṃ nāmarūpaṃ paṭisandhikkhaṇe paṭisandhiviññāṇapaccayā pavattati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pañcakkhandhā</span>ti <a name="P3.0572"></a> ettha paṭisandhicittena paṭisandhikkhaṇe labbhamānāni rūpāni rūpakkhandho, sahajātā vedanā vedanākkhandho, saññā saññākkhandho, sesacetasikā saṅkhārakkhandho, paṭisandhicittaṃ viññāṇakkhandho. <span class="bld">Sahajātapaccayā hontī</span>ti cattāro arūpino khandhā aññamaññaṃ sahajātapaccayā honti, rūpakkhandhe cattāro mahābhūtā aññamaññaṃ sahajātapaccayā honti, arūpino khandhā ca hadayarūpañca aññamaññaṃ sahajātapaccayā honti, mahābhūtāpi upādārūpānaṃ sahajātapaccayā honti. <span class="bld">Aññamaññapaccayā hontī</span>ti aññamaññaṃ uppādanupatthambhanabhāvena upakārakā honti, cattāro arūpino khandhā ca aññamaññapaccayā honti, cattāro mahābhūtā aññamaññapaccayā honti. <span class="bld">Nissayapaccayā hontī</span>ti adhiṭṭhānākārena nissayākārena ca upakārakā honti, cattāro arūpino khandhā ca aññamaññaṃ nissayapaccayā hontīti sahajātā viya vitthāretabbā. <span class="bld">Vippayuttapaccayā hontī</span>ti ekavatthukādibhāvānupagamanena vippayuttabhāvena upakārakā honti, arūpino khandhā paṭisandhirūpānaṃ vippayuttapaccayā honti, hadayarūpaṃ arūpīnaṃ khandhānaṃ vippayuttapaccayo hoti. ‘‘Pañcakkhandhā’’ti hettha evaṃ yathālābhavasena vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cattāro mahābhūtā</span>ti ettha tayo paccayā paṭhamaṃ vuttāyeva. <span class="bld">Tayo jīvitasaṅkhārā</span>ti āyu ca usmā ca viññāṇañca. <span class="bld">Āyū</span>ti rūpajīvitindriyaṃ arūpajīvitindriyañca. <span class="bld">Usmā</span>ti tejodhātu. <span class="bld">Viññāṇa</span>nti paṭisandhiviññāṇaṃ. Etāni hi uparūpari jīvitasaṅkhāraṃ saṅkharonti pavattentīti jīvitasaṅkhārā. <span class="bld">Sahajātapaccayā hontī</span>ti arūpajīvitindriyaṃ paṭisandhiviññāṇañca sampayuttakānaṃ khandhānañca hadayarūpassa ca aññamaññasahajātapaccayā honti, tejodhātu tiṇṇaṃ mahābhūtānaṃ aññamaññasahajātapaccayo hoti, upādārūpānaṃ sahajātapaccayova, rūpajīvitindriyaṃ <a name="M2.0173"></a> sahajātarūpānaṃ pariyāyena sahajātapaccayo hotīti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Aññamaññapaccayā honti, nissayapaccayā hontī</span>ti dvayaṃ arūpajīvitindriyaṃ paṭisandhiviññāṇañca sampayuttakhandhānaṃ aññamaññapaccayā honti. Aññamaññanissayapaccayā hontīti vuttanayeneva yojetvā veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Vippayuttapaccayā hontī</span>ti arūpajīvitindriyaṃ paṭisandhiviññāṇañca paṭisandhirūpānaṃ vippayuttapaccayā honti. Rūpajīvitindriyaṃ pana aññamaññanissayavippayuttapaccayatte na yujjati. Tasmā ‘‘tayo jīvitasaṅkhārā’’ti yathālābhavasena <a name="V2.0159"></a> vuttaṃ. Nāmañca rūpañca vuttanayeneva catupaccayatte yojetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Cuddasa</span> <a name="P3.0573"></a> <span class="bld">dhammā</span>ti pañcakkhandhā, cattāro mahābhūtā, tayo jīvitasaṅkhārā, nāmañca rūpañcāti evaṃ gaṇanāvasena cuddasa dhammā. Tesañca upari aññesañca sahajātādipaccayabhāvo vuttanayo eva. <span class="bld">Sampayuttapaccayā hontī</span>ti puna ekavatthukaekārammaṇaekuppādaekanirodhasaṅkhātena sampayuttabhāvena upakārakā honti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pañcindriyānī</span>ti saddhindriyādīni. <span class="bld">Nāmañcā</span>ti idha vedanādayo tayo khandhā. <span class="bld">Viññāṇañcā</span>ti paṭisandhiviññāṇaṃ. Puna <span class="bld">cuddasa dhammā</span>ti cattāro khandhā, pañcindriyāni, tayo hetū, nāmañca viññāṇañcāti evaṃ gaṇanāvasena cuddasa dhammā. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhavīsati dhammā</span>ti purimā ca cuddasa, ime ca cuddasāti aṭṭhavīsati. Idha rūpassāpi paviṭṭhattā sampayuttapaccayaṃ apanetvā vippayuttapaccayo vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ paṭisandhikkhaṇe vijjamānassa tassa tassa paccayuppannassa dhammassa taṃ taṃ paccayabhedaṃ dassetvā paṭhamaṃ niddiṭṭhe hetū nigametvā dassento <span class="bld">imesaṃ aṭṭhannaṃ hetūnaṃ paccayā upapatti hotī</span>ti āha. Kammāyūhanakkhaṇe tayo kusalahetū, nikantikkhaṇe dve akusalahetū, paṭisandhikkhaṇe tayo abyākatahetūti evaṃ aṭṭha hetū. Tattha tayo kusalahetū, dve akusalahetū ca idha paṭisandhikkhaṇe pavattiyā upanissayapaccayā honti. Tayo abyākatahetū yathāyogaṃ hetupaccayasahajātapaccayavasena paccayā honti. Sesavāresupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Arūpāvacarānaṃ pana rūpābhāvā <span class="bld">nāmapaccayāpi viññāṇaṃ, viññāṇapaccayāpi nāma</span>nti vuttaṃ. Rūpamissakacuddasakopi ca parihīno. Tassa parihīnattā ‘‘aṭṭhavīsati dhammā’’ti vāro ca na labbhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para233"></a><span class="paranum">233</span>. Idāni <a name="M2.0174"></a> vimokkhassa paccayabhūtaṃ tihetukapaṭisandhiṃ dassetvā teneva sambandhena duhetukapaṭisandhivisesañca dassetukāmo <span class="bld">gatisampattiyā ñāṇavippayutte</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Kusalakammassa javanakkhaṇe</span>ti atītajātiyā idha paṭisandhijanakassa duhetukakusalakammassa vuttanayeneva javanakkhaṇe. <span class="bld">Dve hetū</span>ti ñāṇavippayuttattā alobho kusalahetu adoso kusalahetu. Dve abyākatahetūpi alobhādosāyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cattāri indriyānī</span>ti paññindriyavajjāni saddhindriyādīni cattāri. <span class="bld">Dvādasa dhammā</span>ti <a name="P3.0574"></a> paññindriyassa <a name="V2.0160"></a> amohahetussa ca parihīnattā dvādasa. Tesaṃ dvinnaṃyeva parihīnattā chabbīsati. <span class="bld">Channaṃ hetūna</span>nti dvinnaṃ kusalahetūnaṃ, dvinnaṃ akusalahetūnaṃ, dvinnaṃ vipākahetūnanti evaṃ channaṃ hetūnaṃ. Rūpārūpāvacarā panettha ekantatihetukattā na gahitā. Sesaṃ paṭhamavāre vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ. Imasmiṃ vāre duhetukapaṭisandhiyā duhetukakammasseva vuttattā tihetukakammena duhetukapaṭisandhi na hotīti vuttaṃ hoti. Tasmā yaṃ dhammasaṅgahaṭṭhakathāyaṃ (dha. sa. aṭṭha. 498) tipiṭakamahādhammarakkhitattheravāde ‘‘tihetukakammena paṭisandhi tihetukāva hoti, duhetukāhetukā na hoti. Duhetukakammena duhetukāhetukā hoti, tihetukā na hotī’’ti vuttaṃ, taṃ imāya pāḷiyā sameti. Yaṃ pana tipiṭakacūḷanāgattherassa ca moravāpivāsimahādattattherassa ca vādesu ‘‘tihetukakammena paṭisandhi tihetukāpi hoti duhetukāpi, ahetukā na hoti. Duhetukakammena duhetukāpi hoti ahetukāpi, tihetukā na hotī’’ti vuttaṃ, taṃ imāya pāḷiyā viruddhaṃ viya dissati. Imissā kathāya hetuadhikārattā ahetukapaṭisandhi na vuttāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Gatikathāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter">7. Kammakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="title">Kammakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para234"></a><span class="paranum">234</span>. Idāni <a name="V2.0161"></a> tassā hetusampattiyā paccayabhūtaṃ kammaṃ dassentena kathitāya kammakathāya apubbatthānuvaṇṇanā. Tattha <span class="bld">ahosi kammaṃ ahosi kammavipāko</span>tiādīsu atītabhavesu katassa kammassa atītabhavesuyeva <a name="M2.0175"></a> vipakkavipākaṃ gahetvā ‘‘ahosi kammaṃ ahosi kammavipāko’’ti vuttaṃ. Tasseva atītassa kammassa diṭṭhadhammavedanīyassa upapajjavedanīyassa ca paccayavekallena atītabhavesuyeva avipakkavipākañca atīteyeva parinibbutassa ca diṭṭhadhammavedanīyaupapajjavedanīyaaparapariyāyavedanīyassa kammassa avipakkavipākañca gahetvā <span class="bld">ahosi kammaṃ nāhosi kammavipāko</span>ti vuttaṃ. Atītasseva kammassa avipakkavipākassa paccuppannabhave paccayasampattiyā vipaccamānaṃ vipākaṃ gahetvā <span class="bld">ahosi kammaṃ atthi kammavipāko</span>ti vuttaṃ. Atītasseva kammassa atikkantavipākakālassa ca paccuppannabhave parinibbāyantassa ca avipaccamānaṃ <a name="P3.0575"></a> vipākaṃ gahetvā <span class="bld">ahosi kammaṃ natthi kammavipāko</span>ti vuttaṃ. Atītasseva kammassa vipākārahassa avipakkavipākassa anāgate bhave paccayasampattiyā vipaccitabbaṃ vipākaṃ gahetvā <span class="bld">ahosi kammaṃ bhavissati kammavipāko</span>ti vuttaṃ. Atītasseva kammassa atikkantavipākakālassa ca anāgatabhave parinibbāyitabbassa ca avipaccitabbaṃ vipākaṃ gahetvā <span class="bld">ahosi kammaṃ na bhavissati kammavipāko</span>ti vuttaṃ. Evaṃ atītakammaṃ atītapaccuppannānāgatavipākāvipākavasena chadhā dassitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paccuppannabhave katassa diṭṭhadhammavedanīyassa kammassa idheva vipaccamānaṃ vipākaṃ gahetvā <span class="bld">atthi kammaṃ atthi kammavipāko</span>ti vuttaṃ. Tasseva paccuppannassa kammassa paccayavekallena idha avipaccamānañca diṭṭheva dhamme parinibbāyantassa idha avipaccamānañca vipākaṃ gahetvā <span class="bld">atthi kammaṃ natthi kammavipāko</span>ti vuttaṃ. Paccuppannasseva kammassa upapajjavedanīyassa ca aparapariyāyavedanīyassa ca anāgatabhave vipaccitabbaṃ vipākaṃ gahetvā <span class="bld">atthi kammaṃ bhavissati kammavipāko</span>ti vuttaṃ. Paccuppannasseva kammassa upapajjavedanīyassa paccayavekallena anāgatabhave <a name="V2.0162"></a> avipaccitabbañca anāgatabhave parinibbāyitabbassa aparapariyāyavedanīyassa avipaccitabbañca vipākaṃ gahetvā <span class="bld">atthi kammaṃ na bhavissati kammavipāko</span>ti vuttaṃ. Evaṃ paccuppannakammaṃ paccuppannānāgatavipākāvipākavasena catudhā dassitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Anāgatabhave kātabbassa kammassa anāgatabhave vipaccitabbaṃ vipākaṃ gahetvā <span class="bld">bhavissati kammaṃ bhavissati kammavipāko</span>ti vuttaṃ. Tasseva anāgatassa <a name="M2.0176"></a> kammassa paccayavekallena avipaccitabbañca anāgatabhave parinibbāyitabbassa avipaccitabbañca vipākaṃ gahetvā <span class="bld">bhavissati kammaṃ na bhavissati kammavipāko</span>ti vuttaṃ. Evaṃ anāgatakammaṃ anāgatavipākāvipākavasena dvidhā dassitaṃ. Taṃ sabbaṃ ekato katvā dvādasavidhena kammaṃ dassitaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Imasmiṃ ṭhāne ṭhatvā tīṇi kammacatukkāni āharitvā vuccanti – tesu hi vuttesu ayamattho pākaṭataro bhavissatīti. Catubbidhañhi kammaṃ diṭṭhadhammavedanīyaṃ upapajjavedanīyaṃ aparapariyāyavedanīyaṃ ahosikammanti. Tesu ekajavanavīthiyaṃ sattasu cittesu kusalā vā akusalā vā paṭhamajavanacetanā <span class="bld">diṭṭhadhammavedanīyakammaṃ</span> nāma. Taṃ imasmiṃyeva attabhāve vipākaṃ deti. Tathā asakkontaṃ pana ‘‘ahosi kammaṃ nāhosi kammavipāko, na bhavissati kammavipāko, natthi kammavipāko’’ti imassa tikassa vasena <a name="P3.0576"></a> <span class="bld">ahosikammaṃ</span> nāma hoti. Atthasādhikā pana sattamajavanacetanā <span class="bld">upapajjavedanīyakammaṃ</span> nāma. Taṃ anantare attabhāve vipākaṃ deti. Tathā asakkontaṃ vuttanayeneva ahosikammaṃ nāma hoti. Ubhinnaṃ antare pana pañcajavanacetanā aparapariyāyavedanīyakammaṃ nāma. Taṃ anāgate yadā okāsaṃ labhati, tadā vipākaṃ deti. Sati saṃsārappavattiyā ahosikammaṃ nāma na hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparampi catubbidhaṃ kammaṃ yaggarukaṃ yabbahulaṃ yadāsannaṃ kaṭattā vā pana kammanti. Tattha kusalaṃ vā hotu akusalaṃ vā, garukāgarukesu yaṃ garukaṃ mātughātādikammaṃ vā mahaggatakammaṃ vā, tadeva paṭhamaṃ vipaccati. Tathā bahulābahulesupi yaṃ bahulaṃ hoti susīlyaṃ vā dussīlyaṃ vā, tadeva paṭhamaṃ vipaccati. Yadāsannaṃ nāma maraṇakāle anussaritakammaṃ vā katakammaṃ vā. Yañhi āsannamaraṇe anussarituṃ sakkoti kātuṃ vā, teneva upapajjati. Etehi pana tīhi muttaṃ punappunaṃ laddhāsevanaṃ kaṭattā vā pana kammaṃ nāma hoti. Tesaṃ abhāve taṃ paṭisandhiṃ ākaḍḍhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparaṃ <a name="V2.0163"></a> vā catubbidhaṃ kammaṃ janakaṃ upatthambhakaṃ upapīḷakaṃ upaghātakanti. Tattha <span class="bld">janakaṃ</span> nāma kusalampi hoti akusalampi. Taṃ paṭisandhiyaṃ pavattepi rūpārūpavipākaṃ <a name="M2.0177"></a> janeti. <span class="bld">Upatthambhakaṃ</span> pana janetuṃ na sakkoti, aññena kammena dinnāya paṭisandhiyā janite vipāke uppajjanakasukhadukkhaṃ upatthambheti, addhānaṃ pavatteti. <span class="bld">Upapīḷakaṃ</span> aññena kammena dinnāya paṭisandhiyā janite vipāke uppajjanakasukhadukkhaṃ pīḷeti bādhati, addhānaṃ pavattituṃ na deti. <span class="bld">Upaghātakaṃ</span> pana kusalampi akusalampi samānaṃ aññaṃ dubbalakammaṃ ghātetvā tassa vipākaṃ paṭibāhitvā attano vipākassa okāsaṃ karoti. Evaṃ pana kammena kate okāse taṃ vipākaṃ uppannaṃ nāma vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Iti imesaṃ dvādasannaṃ kammānaṃ kammantarañca vipākantarañca buddhānaṃ kammavipākañāṇasseva yāthāvasarasato pākaṭaṃ hoti asādhāraṇaṃ sāvakehi. Vipassakena pana kammantaraṃ vipākantarañca ekadesato jānitabbaṃ. Tasmā ayaṃ mukhamattadassanena kammaviseso pakāsitoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para235"></a><span class="paranum">235</span>. Evaṃ suddhikakammavasena paṭhamavāraṃ vatvā tadeva kammaṃ dvidhā vibhajitvā kusalākusalādiyugalavasena dasahi pariyāyehi apare dasa vārā vuttā. Tattha ārogyaṭṭhena <span class="bld">kusalaṃ,</span> anārogyaṭṭhena <span class="bld">akusalaṃ,</span> idaṃ dukaṃ jātivasena vuttaṃ. Akusalameva <a name="P3.0577"></a> rāgādidosasaṃyogena <span class="bld">sāvajjaṃ,</span> kusalaṃ tadabhāvena <span class="bld">anavajjaṃ</span>. Akusalaṃ aparisuddhattā, kaṇhābhijātihetuttā vā <span class="bld">kaṇhaṃ,</span> kusalaṃ parisuddhattā, sukkābhijātihetuttā vā <span class="bld">sukkaṃ</span>. Kusalaṃ sukhavuddhimattā <span class="bld">sukhudrayaṃ,</span> akusalaṃ dukkhavuddhimattā <span class="bld">dukkhudrayaṃ</span>. Kusalaṃ sukhaphalavattā <span class="bld">sukhavipākaṃ,</span> akusalaṃ dukkhaphalavattā <span class="bld">dukkhavipāka</span>nti evametesaṃ nānākāro veditabboti.</p>
<p class="centered">Kammakathāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter">8. Vipallāsakathā</p>
<p class="title">Vipallāsakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para236"></a><span class="paranum">236</span>. Idāni <a name="V2.0164"></a> tassa kammassa paccayabhūte vipallāse dassentena kathitāya suttantapubbaṅgamāya vipallāsakathāya apubbatthānuvaṇṇanā. Suttante tāva <span class="bld">saññāvipallāsā</span>ti saññāya vipallatthabhāvā viparītabhāvā, viparītasaññāti attho. Sesadvayesupi eseva nayo. Cittakiccassa dubbalaṭṭhāne diṭṭhivirahitāya akusalasaññāya sakakiccassa balavakāle <span class="bld">saññāvipallāso</span>. Diṭṭhivirahitasseva akusalacittassa sakakiccassa <a name="M2.0178"></a> balavakāle <span class="bld">cittavipallāso</span>. Diṭṭhisampayutte citte <span class="bld">diṭṭhivipallāso</span>. Tasmā sabbadubbalo saññāvipallāso, tato balavataro cittavipallāso, sabbabalavataro diṭṭhivipallāso. Ajātabuddhidārakassa kahāpaṇadassanaṃ viya hi saññā ārammaṇassa upaṭṭhānākāramattaggahaṇato. Gāmikapurisassa kahāpaṇadassanaṃ viya cittaṃ lakkhaṇapaṭivedhassāpi sampāpanato. Kammārassa mahāsaṇḍāsena ayogahaṇaṃ viya diṭṭhi abhinivissa parāmasanato. <span class="bld">Anicce niccanti saññāvipallāso</span>ti anicce vatthusmiṃ ‘‘niccaṃ ida’’nti evaṃ gahetvā uppajjanakasaññā saññāvipallāso. Iminā nayena sabbapadesu attho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Na saññāvipallāso na cittavipallāso na diṭṭhivipallāso</span>ti catūsu vatthūsu dvādasannaṃ vipallāsaggāhānaṃ abhāvā yāthāvaggahaṇaṃ vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Gāthāsu <span class="bld">anattani ca attā</span>ti anattani attāti evaṃsaññinoti attho. <span class="bld">Micchādiṭṭhihatā</span>ti na kevalaṃ saññinova, saññāya viya uppajjamānāya micchādiṭṭhiyāpi hatā. <span class="bld">Khittacittā</span>ti saññādiṭṭhīhi viya <a name="P3.0578"></a> uppajjamānena khittena vibbhantena cittena samannāgatā. <span class="bld">Visaññino</span>ti desanāmattametaṃ, viparītasaññācittadiṭṭhinoti attho. Atha vā saññāpubbaṅgamattā diṭṭhiyā paṭhamaṃ catūhi padehi saññāvipallāso vutto, tato <span class="bld">micchādiṭṭhihatā</span>ti diṭṭhivipallāso, <span class="bld">khittacittā</span>ti cittavipallāso. <span class="bld">Visaññino</span>ti tīhi vipallāsaggāhehi pakatisaññāvirahitā mohaṃ gatā ‘‘mucchito visavegena, visaññī samapajjathā’’tiettha (jā. 2.22.328) viya. <span class="bld">Te yogayuttā mārassā</span>ti te janā sattā mārassa <a name="V2.0165"></a> yoge yuttā nāma honti. <span class="bld">Ayogakkhemino</span>ti catūhi yogehi ītīhi khemaṃ nibbānaṃ appattā. <span class="bld">Sattā gacchanti saṃsāra</span>nti teyeva puggalā saṃsāraṃ saṃsaranti. Kasmā? <span class="bld">Jātimaraṇagāmino</span> hi te, tasmā saṃsarantīti attho. <span class="bld">Buddhā</span>ti catusaccabuddhā sabbaññuno. Kālattayasādhāraṇavasena bahuvacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Lokasmi</span>nti okāsaloke. <span class="bld">Pabhaṅkarā</span>ti lokassa paññālokaṃ karā. <span class="bld">Imaṃ dhammaṃ pakāsentī</span>ti vipallāsappahānaṃ dhammaṃ jotenti. <span class="bld">Dukkhūpasamagāmina</span>nti dukkhavūpasamaṃ nibbānaṃ gacchantaṃ. <span class="bld">Tesaṃ sutvānā</span>ti tesaṃ buddhānaṃ dhammaṃ sutvāna. <span class="bld">Sappaññā</span>ti bhabbabhūtā paññavanto. <span class="bld">Sacittaṃ paccaladdhū</span>ti vipallāsavajjitaṃ sakacittaṃ paṭilabhitvā. Paṭialaddhūti padacchedo. Atha vā paṭilabhiṃsu paṭialaddhunti <a name="M2.0179"></a> padacchedo. <span class="bld">Aniccato dakkhu</span>nti aniccavaseneva addasaṃsu. <span class="bld">Anattani anattā</span>ti anattānaṃ anattāti addakkhuṃ. Atha vā anattani vatthusmiṃ attā natthīti addakkhuṃ. <span class="bld">Sammādiṭṭhisamādānā</span>ti gahitasammādassanā. <span class="bld">Sabbaṃ dukkhaṃ upaccagu</span>nti sakalaṃ vaṭṭadukkhaṃ samatikkantā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pahīnāpahīnapucchāya <span class="bld">diṭṭhisampannassā</span>ti sotāpannassa. <span class="bld">Dukkhe sukhanti saññā uppajjati. Cittaṃ uppajjatī</span>ti mohakālussiyassa appahīnattā saññāmattaṃ vā cittamattaṃ vā uppajjati, anāgāmissapi uppajjati, kiṃ pana sotāpannassa. Ime dve arahatoyeva pahīnā. <span class="bld">Asubhe subhanti saññā uppajjati. Cittaṃ uppajjatī</span>ti sakadāgāmissapi uppajjati, kiṃ pana sotāpannassa. Ime dve anāgāmissa pahīnāti aṭṭhakathāyaṃ vuttaṃ. Tasmā idaṃ dvayaṃ sotāpannasakadāgāmino sandhāya vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Anāgāmino kāmarāgassa pahīnattā ‘‘asubhe subha’’nti saññācittavipallāsānañca pahānaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Dvīsu</span> <a name="P3.0579"></a> <span class="bld">vatthūsū</span>tiādīhi padehi pahīnāpahīne nigametvā dasseti. Tattha ‘‘anicce nicca’’nti, ‘‘anattani attā’’ti imesu dvīsu vatthūsu cha vipallāsā pahīnā. ‘‘Dukkhe sukha’’nti, ‘‘asubhe subha’’nti imesu dvīsu vatthūsu dve diṭṭhivipallāsā pahīnā. Kesuci potthakesu dveti paṭhamaṃ likhitaṃ, pacchā chāti. <span class="bld">Catūsu vatthūsū</span>ti cattāri ekato katvā vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhā</span>ti dvīsu cha, dvīsu dveti aṭṭha. <span class="bld">Cattāro</span>ti dukkhāsubhavatthūsu ekekasmiṃ dve dve saññācittavipallāsāti cattāro. Kesuci potthakesu ‘‘cha dvīsū’’ti vuttaṭṭhānesupi evameva likhitanti.</p>
<p class="centered">Vipallāsakathāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter">9. Maggakathā</p>
<p class="title">Maggakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para237"></a><span class="paranum">237</span>. Idāni <a name="V2.0166"></a> tesaṃ tiṇṇaṃ vipallāsānaṃ pahānakaraṃ ariyamaggaṃ dassentena kathitāya maggakathāya apubbatthānuvaṇṇanā. Tattha <span class="bld">maggoti kenaṭṭhena maggo</span>ti yo buddhasāsane maggoti vuccati, so kenaṭṭhena maggo nāma hotīti attho. <span class="bld">Micchādiṭṭhiyā pahānāyā</span>tiādīsu dasasu <a name="M2.0180"></a> pariyāyesu paṭhamo paṭhamo tassa tassa maggaṅgassa ujuvipaccanīkavasena vutto. <span class="bld">Maggo ceva hetu cā</span>ti tassa tassa kiccassa karaṇāya paṭipadaṭṭhena maggo, sampāpakaṭṭhena hetu. Tena maggassa paṭipadaṭṭho sampāpakaṭṭho ca vutto hoti. ‘‘Ayaṃ maggo ayaṃ paṭipadā’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 5.5, 48) hi paṭipadā maggo, ‘‘maggassa niyyānaṭṭho hetuṭṭho’’tiādīsu (paṭi. ma. 2.8) sampāpako hetu. Evaṃ dvīhi dvīhi padehi ‘‘maggoti kenaṭṭhena maggo’’ti pucchāya vissajjanaṃ kataṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Sahajātānaṃ dhammānaṃ upatthambhanāyā</span>ti attanā sahajātānaṃ arūpadhammānaṃ sahajātaaññamaññanissayādibhāvena upatthambhanabhāvāya. <span class="bld">Kilesānaṃ pariyādānāyā</span>ti taṃtaṃmaggavajjhānaṃ vuttāvasesakilesānaṃ khepanāya. <span class="bld">Paṭivedhādivisodhanāyā</span>ti ettha yasmā ‘‘ko cādi kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ, sīlañca suvisuddhaṃ diṭṭhi ca ujukā’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.369, 381) vacanato sīlañca diṭṭhi ca saccapaṭivedhassa ādi. So ca ādimaggakkhaṇe visujjhati. Tasmā ‘‘paṭivedhādivisodhanāyā’’ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Cittassa adhiṭṭhānāyā</span>ti sampayuttacittassa sakakicce patiṭṭhānāya. <span class="bld">Cittassa vodānāyā</span>ti cittassa parisuddhabhāvāya. <span class="bld">Visesādhigamāyā</span>ti lokiyato visesapaṭilābhāya. <span class="bld">Uttari paṭivedhāyā</span>ti lokiyato uttari paṭivijjhanatthāya. <span class="bld">Saccābhisamayāyā</span>ti catunnaṃ saccānaṃ ekābhisamayāya kiccanipphattivasena ekapaṭivedhāya. <span class="bld">Nirodhe patiṭṭhāpanāyā</span>ti cittassa vā puggalassa vā nibbāne patiṭṭhāpanatthāya. Sakadāgāmimaggakkhaṇādīsu <a name="P3.0580"></a> aṭṭha maggaṅgāni ekato katvā taṃtaṃmaggavajjhakilesappahānaṃ vuttaṃ. Evaṃ vacane kāraṇaṃ heṭṭhā vuttameva. Yasmā uparūparimaggenāpi suṭṭhu ādivisodhanā suṭṭhu cittavodānañca hoti, tasmā tānipi padāni vuttāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dassanamaggo</span>tiādīhi <a name="V2.0167"></a> yāva pariyosānā tassa dhammassa lakkhaṇavasena maggaṭṭho vutto. Tāni sabbānipi padāni abhiññeyyaniddese vuttatthāneva. Evamettha yathāsambhavaṃ lokiyalokuttaro maggo niddiṭṭho. <span class="bld">Hetuṭṭhena maggo</span>ti ca aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo niddiṭṭho. Nippariyāyamaggattā cassa puna ‘‘maggo’’ti na vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ādhipateyyaṭṭhena indriyā</span>ti ādīni ca indriyādīnaṃ atthavasena vuttāni, na maggaṭṭhavasena. <span class="bld">Saccānī</span>ti cettha saccañāṇāni. Sabbepi te dhammā nibbānassa paṭipadaṭṭhena <span class="bld">maggo</span>. Ante vuttaṃ <span class="bld">nibbānaṃ</span> <a name="M2.0181"></a> pana saṃsāradukkhābhibhūtehi dukkhanissaraṇatthikehi sappurisehi maggīyati gavesīyatīti <span class="bld">maggo</span>ti vuttanti veditabbanti.</p>
<p class="centered">Maggakathāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter">10. Maṇḍapeyyakathā</p>
<p class="title">Maṇḍapeyyakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para238"></a><span class="paranum">238</span>. Idāni <a name="V2.0168"></a> tassa maggassa maṇḍapeyyattaṃ dassentena kathitāya bhagavato vacanekadesapubbaṅgamāya maṇḍapeyyakathāya apubbatthānuvaṇṇanā. Tattha <span class="bld">maṇḍapeyya</span>nti yathā sampannaṃ nimmalaṃ vippasannaṃ sappi sappimaṇḍoti vuccati, evaṃ vippasannaṭṭhena maṇḍo, pātabbaṭṭhena peyyaṃ. Yañhi pivitvā antaravīthiyaṃ patitā visaññino attano sāṭakādīnampi assāmikā honti, taṃ pasannampi na pātabbaṃ. Mayhaṃ pana idaṃ sikkhattayasaṅgahitaṃ sāsanabrahmacariyaṃ sampannattā nimmalattā vippasannattā maṇḍañca hitasukhāvahattā peyyañcāti maṇḍapeyyanti dīpeti. Maṇḍo peyyo etthāti maṇḍapeyyaṃ. Kiṃ taṃ? Sāsana<span class="bld">brahmacariyaṃ</span>. Kasmā sikkhattayaṃ brahmacariyaṃ nāma? Uttamaṭṭhena nibbānaṃ brahmaṃ nāma, sikkhattayaṃ nibbānatthāya pavattanato brahmatthāya cariyāti brahmacariyanti vuccati. Sāsanabrahmacariyanti taṃyeva. <span class="bld">Satthā</span> <a name="P3.0581"></a> <span class="bld">sammukhībhūto</span>ti idamettha kāraṇavacanaṃ. Yasmā pana satthā sammukhībhūto, tasmā vīriyapayogaṃ katvā pivathetaṃ maṇḍaṃ. Bāhirakañhi bhesajjamaṇḍaṃ vejjassa asammukhā pivantānaṃ pamāṇaṃ vā uggamananiggamanaṃ vā na jānāmāti āsaṅkā hoti. Vejjassa sammukhā pana vejjo jānissatīti nirāsaṅkā pivanti. Evamevaṃ amhākañca dhammassāmī satthā sammukhībhūtoti vīriyaṃ katvā pivathāti maṇḍapāne sanniyojeti. Diṭṭhadhammikasamparāyikaparamatthehi yathārahaṃ anusāsatīti satthā. Apica ‘‘satthā bhagavā satthavāho’’tiādinā (mahāni. 190) niddesanayenapettha attho veditabbo. Sandissamāno mukho bhūtoti sammukhībhūto.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Maṇḍapeyyaniddese <span class="bld">tidhattamaṇḍo</span>ti tidhābhāvo tidhattaṃ. Tidhattena maṇḍo tidhattamaṇḍo, tividhena maṇḍoti attho. <span class="bld">Satthari sammukhībhūte</span>ti idaṃ sabbākāraparipuṇṇamaṇḍattayadassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Parinibbutepi pana <a name="M2.0182"></a> satthari ekadesena maṇḍattayaṃ pavattatiyeva. Teneva cassa niddese ‘‘satthari sammukhībhūte’’ti avatvā <span class="bld">katamo desanāmaṇḍo</span>tiādi vuttanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Desanāmaṇḍo</span>ti <a name="V2.0169"></a> dhammadesanā eva maṇḍo. <span class="bld">Paṭiggahamaṇḍo</span>ti desanāpaṭiggāhako eva maṇḍo. <span class="bld">Brahmacariyamaṇḍo</span>ti maggabrahmacariyameva maṇḍo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ācikkhanā</span>ti desetabbānaṃ saccādīnaṃ imāni nāmānīti nāmavasena kathanā. <span class="bld">Desanā</span>ti dassanā. <span class="bld">Paññāpanā</span>ti jānāpanā, ñāṇamukhe ṭhapanā vā. Āsanaṃ ṭhapento hi ‘‘āsanaṃ paññāpetī’’ti vuccati. <span class="bld">Paṭṭhapanā</span>ti paññāpanā, pavattanāti attho, ñāṇamukhe ṭhapanā vā. <span class="bld">Vivaraṇā</span>ti vivaṭakaraṇaṃ, vivaritvā dassanāti attho. <span class="bld">Vibhajanā</span>ti vibhāgakiriyā, vibhāgato dassanāti attho. <span class="bld">Uttānīkamma</span>nti pākaṭabhāvakaraṇaṃ. Atha vā <span class="bld">ācikkhanā</span>ti desanādīnaṃ channaṃ padānaṃ mūlapadaṃ. Desanādīni cha padāni tassa atthavivaraṇatthaṃ vuttāni. Tattha <span class="bld">desanā</span>ti ugghaṭitaññūnaṃ vasena saṅkhepato paṭhamaṃ uddesavasena desanā. Ugghaṭitaññū hi saṅkhepena vuttaṃ paṭhamaṃ vuttañca paṭivijjhanti. <span class="bld">Paññāpanā</span>ti vipañcitaññūnaṃ vasena tesaṃ cittatosanena buddhinisānena ca paṭhamaṃ saṅkhittassa vitthārato niddesavasena paññāpanā. <span class="bld">Paṭṭhapanā</span>ti tesaṃyeva niddiṭṭhassa niddesassa paṭiniddesavasena vitthārataravacanena paññāpanā. <span class="bld">Vivaraṇā</span>ti niddiṭṭhassāpi punappunaṃ vacanena vivaraṇā. <span class="bld">Vibhajanā</span>ti <a name="P3.0582"></a> punappunaṃ vuttassāpi vibhāgakaraṇena vibhajanā. <span class="bld">Uttānīkamma</span>nti vivaṭassa vitthārataravacanena, vibhattassa ca nidassanavacanena uttānīkaraṇaṃ. Ayaṃ desanā neyyānampi paṭivedhāya hoti. <span class="bld">Yevāpanaññepi kecī</span>ti piyaṅkaramātādikā vinipātikā gahitā. <span class="bld">Viññātāro</span>ti paṭivedhavasena lokuttaradhammaṃ viññātāro. Ete hi bhikkhuādayo paṭivedhavasena dhammadesanaṃ paṭiggaṇhantīti <span class="bld">paṭiggahā. Ayamevā</span>tiādīni paṭhamañāṇaniddese vuttatthāni. Ariyamaggo nibbānena saṃsandanato brahmatthāya cariyāti <span class="bld">brahmacariya</span>nti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para239"></a><span class="paranum">239</span>. Idāni <span class="bld">adhimokkhamaṇḍo</span>tiādīhi tasmiṃ maggakkhaṇe vijjamānāni indriyabalabojjhaṅgamaggaṅgāni maṇḍapeyyavidhāne yojetvā dasseti. Tattha <a name="M2.0183"></a> <span class="bld">adhimokkhamaṇḍo</span>ti adhimokkhasaṅkhāto maṇḍo. <span class="bld">Kasaṭo</span>ti pasādavirahito āvilo. <span class="bld">Chaḍḍetvā</span>ti samucchedavasena pahāya. <span class="bld">Saddhindriyassa adhimokkhamaṇḍaṃ pivatīti maṇḍapeyya</span>nti saddhindriyato adhimokkhamaṇḍassa anaññattepi sati aññaṃ viya katvā vohāravasena vuccati, yathā loke nisadapotako nisadapotasarīrassa anaññattepi sati nisadapotassa sarīranti vuccati, yathā ca pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘phusitatta’’ntiādīsu dhammato anaññopi bhāvo añño viya vutto, yathā ca aṭṭhakathāyaṃ ‘‘phusanalakkhaṇo phasso’’tiādīsu (dha. sa. aṭṭha. 1 dhammuddesavāra phassapañcamakarāsivaṇṇanā) dhammato anaññampi lakkhaṇaṃ aññaṃ viya vuttaṃ, evamidanti veditabbaṃ<a name="V2.0170"></a>. <span class="bld">Pivatī</span>ti cettha taṃsamaṅgipuggaloti vuttaṃ hoti. Taṃsamaṅgipuggalo taṃ maṇḍaṃ pivatīti katvā tena puggalena so maṇḍo pātabbato maṇḍapeyyaṃ nāma hotīti vuttaṃ hoti. ‘‘Maṇḍapeyyo’’ti ca vattabbe ‘‘maṇḍapeyya’’nti liṅgavipallāso kato. Sesānampi iminā nayena attho veditabbo. Apubbesu pana <span class="bld">pariḷāho</span>ti pīṇanalakkhaṇāya pītiyā paṭipakkho kilesasantāpo. <span class="bld">Duṭṭhulla</span>nti upasamapaṭipakkho kilesavasena oḷārikabhāvo asantabhāvo. <span class="bld">Appaṭisaṅkhā</span>ti paṭisaṅkhānapaṭipakkho kilesavasena asamavāhitabhāvo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para240"></a><span class="paranum">240</span>. Puna aññena pariyāyena maṇḍapeyyavidhiṃ niddisitukāmo <span class="bld">atthi maṇḍo</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">tatthā</span>ti tasmiṃ saddhindriye. <span class="bld">Attharaso</span>tiādīsu saddhindriyassa adhimuccanaṃ attho, saddhindriyaṃ dhammo, tadeva nānākilesehi vimuttattā vimutti, tassa atthassa sampatti <span class="bld">attharaso</span>. Tassa dhammassa sampatti <span class="bld">dhammaraso</span>. Tassā vimuttiyā sampatti <span class="bld">vimuttiraso</span>. Atha vā atthapaṭilābharati attharaso, dhammapaṭilābharati dhammaraso, vimuttipaṭilābharati vimuttiraso. <span class="bld">Ratī</span>ti ca taṃsampayuttā, tadārammaṇā vā pīti. Iminā nayena sesapadesupi attho veditabbo. Imasmiṃ pariyāye maṇḍassa <a name="P3.0583"></a> peyyaṃ maṇḍapeyyanti attho vutto hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ indriyādibodhipakkhiyadhammapaṭipāṭiyā indriyabalabojjhaṅgamaggaṅgānaṃ vasena maṇḍapeyyaṃ dassetvā puna ante ṭhitaṃ brahmacariyamaṇḍaṃ dassento maggassa padhānattā maggaṃ pubbaṅgamaṃ katvā uppaṭipāṭivasena maggaṅgabojjhaṅgabalaindriyāni dassesi<a name="M2.0184"></a>. <span class="bld">Ādhipateyyaṭṭhena indriyā maṇḍo</span>tiādayo yathāyogaṃ lokiyalokuttarā maṇḍā. Taṃ heṭṭhā vuttanayena veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Tathaṭṭhena saccā maṇḍo</span>ti ettha pana dukkhasamudayānaṃ maṇḍattābhāvā mahāhatthipadasutte (ma. ni. 1.300) viya saccañāṇāni saccāti vuttanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Saddhammappakāsiniyā paṭisambhidāmagga-aṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Maṇḍapeyyakathāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Niṭṭhitā ca mahāvaggavaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="chapter">(2) Yuganaddhavaggo</p>
<p class="title">1. Yuganaddhakathā</p>
<p class="subhead">Yuganaddhakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para1"></a><span class="paranum">1</span>. Idāni <a name="V2.0171"></a><a name="M2.0185"></a> maṇḍapeyyaguṇassa ariyamaggassa yuganaddhaguṇaṃ dassentena kathitāya suttantapubbaṅgamāya yuganaddhakathāya apubbatthānuvaṇṇanā. Yasmā pana dhammasenāpati dhammarāje dharamāneyeva dhammarājassa parinibbānasaṃvacchare parinibbuto, tasmā dhammarāje dharamāneyeva dhammabhaṇḍāgārikena desitaṃ idaṃ suttantaṃ tasseva sammukhā sutvā <span class="bld">evaṃ me suta</span>ntiādimāhāti veditabbaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">āyasmā</span>ti piyavacanaṃ garuvacanaṃ sagāravasappatissavacanaṃ, āyumāti attho. <span class="bld">Ānando</span>ti tassa therassa nāmaṃ. So hi jāyamānoyeva kule ānandaṃ bhusaṃ tuṭṭhiṃ akāsi. Tasmāssa ‘‘ānando’’ti nāmaṃ katanti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Kosambiya</span>nti evaṃnāmake nagare. Tassa hi nagarassa ārāmapokkharaṇīādīsu tesu tesu ṭhānesu kosambarukkhā ussannā ahesuṃ, tasmā taṃ kosambīti saṅkhaṃ agamāsi. ‘‘Kusambassa isino assamato avidūre māpitattā’’ti eke.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ghositārāme</span>ti ghositaseṭṭhinā kārite ārāme. Kosambiyañhi tayo seṭṭhino ahesuṃ ghositaseṭṭhi kukkuṭaseṭṭhi pāvārikaseṭṭhīti. Te tayopi ‘‘loke buddho uppanno’’ti sutvā pañcahi pañcahi sakaṭasatehi dānūpakaraṇāni gāhāpetvā sāvatthiṃ gantvā <a name="P3.0584"></a> jetavanasamīpe khandhāvāraṃ bandhitvā satthu santikaṃ gantvā vanditvā paṭisanthāraṃ katvā nisinnā satthu dhammadesanaṃ sutvā sotāpattiphale patiṭṭhahitvā satthāraṃ nimantetvā buddhappamukhassa bhikkhusaṅghassa aḍḍhamāsamattaṃ mahādānaṃ datvā bhagavato pādamūle nipajjitvā sakajanapadagamanatthaṃ bhagavantaṃ yācitvā ‘‘suññāgāre kho gahapatayo tathāgatā abhiramantī’’ti bhagavatā vutte ‘‘dinnā no bhagavatā paṭiññā’’ti ñatvā ativiya tuṭṭhā dasabalaṃ vanditvā nikkhantā antarāmagge yojane yojane bhagavato nivāsatthaṃ vihāraṃ kārentā anupubbena kosambiṃ patvā attano attano <a name="V2.0172"></a> ārāme mahantaṃ dhanapariccāgaṃ katvā bhagavato vihāre <a name="M2.0186"></a> kārāpayiṃsu. Tattha ghositaseṭṭhinā kārito ghositārāmo nāma ahosi, kukkuṭaseṭṭhinā kārito kukkuṭārāmo nāma, pāvārikaseṭṭhinā ambavane kārito pāvārikambavanaṃ nāma. Taṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ ‘‘ghositaseṭṭhinā kārite ārāme’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āvuso bhikkhavo</span>ti ettha buddhā bhagavanto sāvake ālapantā ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti ālapanti. Sāvakā pana ‘‘buddhehi sadisā mā homā’’ti ‘‘āvuso’’ti paṭhamaṃ vatvā pacchā ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti vadanti. Buddhehi ca ālapite bhikkhusaṅgho ‘‘bhadante’’ti paṭivacanaṃ deti, sāvakehi ālapite ‘‘āvuso’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yo hi kocī</span>ti aniyamavacanaṃ. Etena tādisānaṃ sabbabhikkhūnaṃ pariyādānaṃ. <span class="bld">Mama santike</span>ti mama samīpe. <span class="bld">Arahattappatta</span>nti attanā arahattassa pattaṃ. Napuṃsake bhāve siddhavacanaṃ. Arahattaṃ pattanti vā padacchedo, attanā pattaṃ arahattanti attho. Arahattappattaṃ attānanti vā pāṭhaseso. <span class="bld">Catūhi maggehī</span>ti upari vuccamānehi catūhi paṭipadāmaggehi, na ariyamaggehi. ‘‘Catūhi maggehī’’ti visuñca vuttattā kassaci arahato paṭhamassa ariyamaggassa dhammuddhaccapubbaṅgamo maggo, ekassa ariyamaggassa samathapubbaṅgamo, ekassa vipassanāpubbaṅgamo, ekassa yuganaddhapubbaṅgamoti evaṃ cattāropi paṭipadā maggā hontīti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Etesaṃ vā aññatarenā</span>ti etesaṃ catunnaṃ paṭipadānaṃ maggānaṃ ekena vā, paṭipadāmaggena arahattappattaṃ byākarotīti attho. Sukkhavipassakassa hi arahato dhammuddhaccapubbaṅgamaṃ sotāpattimaggaṃ patvā sesamaggattayampi suddhavipassanāhiyeva pattassa arahattappatti dhammuddhaccapubbaṅgamamaggā hoti. Dhammuddhaccaviggahaṃ patvā vā appatvā vā samathapubbaṅgamādīnaṃ tiṇṇaṃ paṭipadānaṃ maggānaṃ ekekassa vasena pattacatumaggassa <a name="P3.0585"></a> arahato arahattappatti itaraekekamaggapubbaṅgamā hoti. Tasmā āha – ‘‘etesaṃ vā aññatarenā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samathapubbaṅgamaṃ vipassanaṃ bhāvetī</span>ti samathaṃ pubbaṅgamaṃ purecārikaṃ katvā vipassanaṃ bhāveti, paṭhamaṃ samādhiṃ uppādetvā pacchā vipassanaṃ bhāvetīti attho. <span class="bld">Maggo sañjāyatī</span>ti paṭhamo lokuttaramaggo nibbattati. <span class="bld">So taṃ magga</span>ntiādīsu ekacittakkhaṇikassa maggassa āsevanādīni nāma natthi, dutiyamaggādayo pana uppādento tameva maggaṃ ‘‘āsevati bhāveti <a name="M2.0187"></a> bahulīkarotī’’ti vuccati. <span class="bld">Saññojanāni pahīyanti, anusayā byantīhontī</span>ti yāva arahattamaggā <a name="V2.0173"></a> kamena sabbe saññojanā pahīyanti, anusayā byantīhonti. <span class="bld">Anusayā byantīhontī</span>ti ca puna anuppattiyā vigatantā hontīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Puna capara</span>nti puna ca aparaṃ kāraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Vipassanāpubbaṅgamaṃ samathaṃ bhāvetī</span>ti vipassanaṃ pubbaṅgamaṃ purecārikaṃ katvā samathaṃ bhāveti, paṭhamaṃ vipassanaṃ uppādetvā pacchā samādhiṃ bhāvetīti attho. <span class="bld">Yuganaddhaṃ bhāvetī</span>ti yuganaddhaṃ katvā bhāveti. Ettha teneva cittena samāpattiṃ samāpajjitvā teneva saṅkhāre sammasituṃ na sakkā. Ayaṃ pana yāvatā samāpattiyo samāpajjati, tāvatā saṅkhāre sammasati. Yāvatā saṅkhāre sammasati, tāvatā samāpattiyo samāpajjati. Kathaṃ? Paṭhamajjhānaṃ samāpajjati, tato vuṭṭhāya saṅkhāre sammasati. Saṅkhāre sammasitvā dutiyajjhānaṃ samāpajjati, tato vuṭṭhāya saṅkhāre sammasati. Saṅkhāre sammasitvā tatiyajjhānaṃ…pe… nevasaññānāsaññāyatanasamāpattiṃ samāpajjati, tato vuṭṭhāya saṅkhāre sammasati. Evaṃ samathavipassanaṃ yuganaddhaṃ bhāveti nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dhammuddhaccaviggahitaṃ mānasaṃ hotī</span>ti ettha mandapaññānaṃ vipassakānaṃ upakkilesavatthuttā vipassanupakkilesasaññitesu obhāsādīsu dasasu dhammesu bhantatāvasena uddhaccasahagatacittuppattiyā vikkhepasaṅkhātaṃ uddhaccaṃ dhammuddhaccaṃ, tena dhammuddhaccena viggahitaṃ virūpaggahitaṃ virodhamāpāditaṃ mānasaṃ cittaṃ dhammuddhaccaviggahitaṃ mānasaṃ hoti, tena vā dhammuddhaccena kāraṇabhūtena tammūlakataṇhāmānadiṭṭhuppattiyā viggahitaṃ mānasaṃ hoti. Dhammuddhaccaviggahitamānasanti vā pāṭho. <span class="bld">Hoti so āvuso samayo</span>ti iminā maggāmaggavavatthānena taṃ dhammuddhaccaṃ paṭibāhitvā puna vipassanāvīthiṃ paṭipannakālaṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Yaṃ taṃ citta</span>nti yasmiṃ samaye taṃ vipassanāvīthiṃ okkamitvā pavattaṃ cittaṃ. <span class="bld">Ajjhattameva santiṭṭhatī</span>ti <a name="P3.0586"></a> vipassanāvīthiṃ paccotaritvā tasmiṃ samaye gocarajjhattasaṅkhāte ārammaṇe santiṭṭhati patiṭṭhāti. <span class="bld">Sannisīdatī</span>ti tattheva pavattivasena sammā nisīdati. <span class="bld">Ekodi hotī</span>ti ekaggaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Samādhiyatī</span>ti sammā ādhiyati suṭṭhu ṭhitaṃ hotīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Ayaṃ suttantavaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Suttantaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para2"></a><span class="paranum">2</span>. Tassa <a name="V2.0174"></a><a name="M2.0188"></a> suttantassa niddesakathāya <span class="bld">tattha jāte dhamme</span>ti tasmiṃ samādhismiṃ jāte cittacetasike dhamme. <span class="bld">Aniccato anupassanaṭṭhenā</span>tiādinā vipassanāya bhedaṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Sammādiṭṭhi maggo</span>ti sammādiṭṭhisaṅkhāto maggo. Aṭṭhasu maggaṅgesu ekekopi hi maggoti vuccati.<span class="bld">Āsevatī</span>ti sotāpattimaggavasena. <span class="bld">Bhāvetī</span>ti sakadāgāmimagguppādanena. <span class="bld">Bahulīkarotī</span>ti anāgāmiarahattamagguppādanena. Imesaṃ tiṇṇaṃ avatthābhedepi sati āvajjanādīnaṃ sādhāraṇattā sadisameva vissajjanaṃ kataṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para3"></a><span class="paranum">3</span>. Ālokasaññāpaṭinissaggānupassanānaṃ antarāpeyyāle avikkhepādīni ca jhāna samāpattikasiṇānussatiasubhā ca dīghaṃ assāsādīni ca ānantarikasamādhiñāṇaniddese (paṭi. ma. 1.80-81) niddiṭṭhattā saṅkhittāni. Tattha ca <span class="bld">avikkhepavasenā</span>ti pubbabhāgāvikkhepavasena gahetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Aniccānupassī assāsavasenā</span>tiādike suddhavipassanāvasena vuttacatukke pana taruṇavipassanākāle vipassanāsampayuttasamādhipubbaṅgamā balavavipassanā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para4"></a><span class="paranum">4</span>. Vipassanāpubbaṅgamavāre paṭhamaṃ <span class="bld">aniccato</span>tiādinā ārammaṇaṃ aniyametvā vipassanā vuttā, pacchā <span class="bld">rūpaṃ aniccato</span>tiādinā ārammaṇaṃ niyametvā vuttā. <span class="bld">Tattha jātāna</span>nti tassā vipassanāya jātānaṃ cittacetasikānaṃ dhammānaṃ. <span class="bld">Vosaggārammaṇatā</span>ti ettha vosaggo nibbānaṃ. Nibbānañhi saṅkhatavosaggato pariccāgato ‘‘vosaggo’’ti vutto. Vipassanā ca taṃsampayuttadhammā ca nibbānaninnatāya ajjhāsayavasena nibbāne patiṭṭhitattā nibbānapatiṭṭhā nibbānārammaṇā. Patiṭṭhāpi hi ālambīyatīti ārammaṇaṃ nāma hoti, nibbāne patiṭṭhaṭṭheneva nibbānārammaṇā. Aññattha pāḷiyampi hi patiṭṭhā ‘‘ārammaṇa’’nti vuccanti. Yathāha – ‘‘seyyathāpi, āvuso, naḷāgāraṃ vā tiṇāgāraṃ vā sukkhaṃ koḷāpaṃ terovassikaṃ puratthimāya cepi disāya puriso ādittāya tiṇukkāya upasaṅkameyya, labhetha aggi otāraṃ, labhetha <a name="P3.0587"></a> aggi ārammaṇa’’ntiādi (saṃ. ni. 4.243). Tasmā tattha jātānaṃ dhammānaṃ vosaggārammaṇatāya nibbānapatiṭṭhābhāvena hetubhūtena uppādito yo cittassa ekaggatāsaṅkhāto upacārappanābhedo avikkhepo, so <a name="M2.0189"></a> samādhīti vipassanāto pacchā uppādito <a name="V2.0175"></a> nibbedhabhāgiyo samādhi niddiṭṭho hoti. Tasmāyeva hi <span class="bld">iti paṭhamaṃ vipassanā, pacchā samatho</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para5"></a><span class="paranum">5</span>. Yuganaddhaniddese yasmā heṭṭhā suttantavaṇṇanāyaṃ vutto yuganaddhakkamo purimadvayaniddesanayeneva pākaṭo, maggakkhaṇe yuganaddhakkamo pana na pākaṭo, tasmā pubbabhāge anekantikaṃ yuganaddhabhāvanaṃ avatvā maggakkhaṇe ekantena labbhamānayuganaddhabhāvanameva dassento <span class="bld">soḷasahi ākārehī</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">ārammaṇaṭṭhenā</span>tiādīsu sattarasasu ākāresu ante uddiṭṭhaṃ yuganaddhaṃ mūlapadena ekaṭṭhattā taṃ vippahāya sesānaṃ vasena ‘‘soḷasahī’’ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ārammaṇaṭṭhenā</span>ti ālambanaṭṭhena, ārammaṇavasenāti attho. Evaṃ sesesupi. <span class="bld">Gocaraṭṭhenā</span>ti ārammaṇaṭṭhepi sati nissayitabbaṭṭhānaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Pahānaṭṭhenā</span>ti pajahanaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Pariccāgaṭṭhenā</span>ti pahānepi sati puna anādiyanena pariccāgaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Vuṭṭhānaṭṭhenā</span>ti uggamanaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Vivaṭṭanaṭṭhenā</span>ti uggamanepi sati apunarāvaṭṭanena nivattanaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Santaṭṭhenā</span>ti nibbutaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Paṇītaṭṭhenā</span>ti nibbutaṭṭhepi sati uttamaṭṭhena, atappakaṭṭhena vā. <span class="bld">Vimuttaṭṭhenā</span>ti bandhanāpagataṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Anāsavaṭṭhenā</span>ti bandhanamokkhepi sati ārammaṇaṃ katvā pavattamānāsavavirahitaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Taraṇaṭṭhenā</span>ti anosīditvā pilavanaṭṭhena, atikkamanaṭṭhena vā. <span class="bld">Animittaṭṭhenā</span>ti saṅkhāranimittavirahitaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Appaṇihitaṭṭhenā</span>ti paṇidhivirahitaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Suññataṭṭhenā</span>ti abhinivesavirahitaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Ekarasaṭṭhenā</span>ti ekakiccaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Anativattanaṭṭhenā</span>ti aññamaññaṃ anatikkamanaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Yuganaddhaṭṭhenā</span>ti yugalakaṭṭhena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uddhaccaṃ pajahato, avijjaṃ pajahato</span>ti yogino tassa tassa paṭipakkhappahānavasena vuttaṃ. Nirodho cettha nibbānameva. <span class="bld">Aññamaññaṃ nātivattantī</span>ti samatho ce vipassanaṃ ativatteyya, līnapakkhikattā samathassa cittaṃ kosajjāya saṃvatteyya. Vipassanā ce samathaṃ ativatteyya, uddhaccapakkhikattā vipassanāya cittaṃ uddhaccāya saṃvatteyya. Tasmā samatho ca vipassanaṃ anativattamāno kosajjapātaṃ na karoti, vipassanā samathaṃ anativattamānā uddhaccapātaṃ na karoti. Samatho samaṃ pavattamāno <a name="M2.0190"></a> vipassanaṃ uddhaccapātato rakkhati, vipassanā samaṃ pavattamānā samathaṃ kosajjapātato rakkhati. Evamime ubho aññamaññaṃ anativattanakiccena <a name="P3.0588"></a> ekakiccā, samā hutvā pavattamānena aññamaññaṃ anativattamānā atthasiddhikarā honti. Tesaṃ maggakkhaṇe yuganaddhattaṃ vuṭṭhānagāminivipassanākkhaṇe yuganaddhattāyeva hoti. Pahānapariccāgavuṭṭhānavivaṭṭanakaraṇānaṃ maggakiccavasena vuttattā sakalassa maggakiccassa dassanatthaṃ uddhaccasahagatakilesā ca khandhā ca avijjāsahagatakilesā ca khandhā ca niddiṭṭhā. Sesānaṃ <a name="V2.0176"></a> na tathā vuttattā paṭipakkhadhammamattadassanavasena uddhaccāvijjā eva niddiṭṭhā. <span class="bld">Vivaṭṭato</span>ti nivattantassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samādhi kāmāsavā vimutto hotī</span>ti samādhissa kāmacchandapaṭipakkhattā vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Rāgavirāgā</span>ti rāgassa virāgo samatikkamo etissā atthīti rāgavirāgā, ‘‘rāgavirāgato’’ti nissakkavacanaṃ vā. Tathā <span class="bld">avijjāvirāgā. Cetovimuttī</span>ti maggasampayutto samādhi. <span class="bld">Paññāvimuttī</span>ti maggasampayuttā paññā. <span class="bld">Tarato</span>ti tarantassa. <span class="bld">Sabbapaṇidhīhī</span>ti rāgadosamohapaṇidhīhi, sabbapatthanāhi vā. Evaṃ cuddasa ākāre vissajjitvā ekarasaṭṭhañca anativattanaṭṭhañca avibhajitvāva <span class="bld">imehi soḷasahi ākārehī</span>ti āha. Kasmā? Tesaṃ cuddasannaṃ ākārānaṃ ekekassa avasāne ‘‘ekarasā honti, yuganaddhā honti, aññamaññaṃ nātivattantī’’ti niddiṭṭhattā te dvepi ākārā niddiṭṭhāva honti. Tasmā ‘‘soḷasahī’’ti āha. Yuganaddhaṭṭho pana uddesepi na bhaṇitoyevāti.</p>
<p class="subhead">2. Dhammuddhaccavāraniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para6"></a><span class="paranum">6</span>. Dhammuddhaccavāre <span class="bld">aniccato manasikaroto obhāso uppajjatī</span>ti udayabbayānupassanāya ṭhitassa tīhi anupassanāhi punappunaṃ saṅkhāre vipassantassa vipassantassa vipassanāñāṇesu paripākagatesu tadaṅgavasena kilesappahānena parisuddhacittassa aniccato vā dukkhato vā anattato vā manasikārakkhaṇe vipassanāñāṇānubhāvena pakatiyāva obhāso uppajjatīti paṭhamaṃ tāva aniccato manasikaroto obhāso kathito. Akusalo vipassako tasmiṃ obhāse uppanne ‘‘na ca vata me ito pubbe evarūpo obhāso uppannapubbo, addhā maggaṃ pattomhi, phalaṃ pattomhī’’ti <a name="M2.0191"></a> amaggaṃyeva ‘‘maggo’’ti, aphalameva ‘‘phala’’nti gaṇhāti. Tassa amaggaṃ ‘‘maggo’’ti, aphalaṃ ‘‘phala’’nti gaṇhato vipassanāvīthi ukkantā hoti. So attano <a name="P3.0589"></a> vipassanāvīthiṃ vissajjetvā vikkhepamāpanno vā obhāsameva taṇhādiṭṭhimaññanāhi maññamāno vā nisīdati. So kho panāyaṃ obhāso kassaci bhikkhuno pallaṅkaṭṭhānamattameva obhāsento uppajjati, kassaci antogabbhaṃ, kassaci bahigabbhampi, kassaci sakalavihāraṃ, gāvutaṃ aḍḍhayojanaṃ yojanaṃ dviyojanaṃ…pe… kassaci pathavitalato yāva akaniṭṭhabrahmalokā ekālokaṃ kurumāno. Bhagavato pana dasasahassilokadhātuṃ obhāsento <a name="V2.0177"></a> udapādi. Ayañhi obhāso caturaṅgasamannāgatepi andhakāre taṃ taṃ ṭhānaṃ obhāsento uppajjati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Obhāso dhammoti obhāsaṃ āvajjatī</span>ti ayaṃ obhāso maggadhammo phaladhammoti vā taṃ taṃ obhāsaṃ manasi karoti. <span class="bld">Tato vikkhepo uddhacca</span>nti tato obhāsato dhammoti āvajjanakaraṇato vā yo uppajjati vikkhepo, so uddhaccaṃ nāmāti attho. <span class="bld">Tena uddhaccena viggahitamānaso</span>ti tena evaṃ uppajjamānena uddhaccena virodhitacitto, tena vā uddhaccena kāraṇabhūtena tammūlakakilesuppattiyā virodhitacitto vipassako vipassanāvīthiṃ okkamitvā vikkhepaṃ vā tammūlakakilesesu vā ṭhitattā aniccato dukkhato anattato upaṭṭhānāni yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. ‘‘Tena vuccati dhammuddhaccaviggahitamānaso’’ti evaṃ iti-saddo yojetabbo. <span class="bld">Hoti so samayo</span>ti evaṃ assādavasena upakkiliṭṭhacittassāpi yogino sace upaparikkhā uppajjati, so evaṃ pajānāti – ‘‘vipassanā nāma saṅkhārārammaṇā, maggaphalāni nibbānārammaṇāni, imāni ca cittāni saṅkhārārammaṇāni, tasmā nāyamobhāso maggo, udayabbayānupassanāyeva nibbānassa lokiko maggo’’ti maggāmaggaṃ vavatthapetvā taṃ vikkhepaṃ parivajjayitvā udayabbayānupassanāya ṭhatvā sādhukaṃ saṅkhāre aniccato dukkhato anattato vipassati. Evaṃ upaparikkhantassa so samayo hoti. Evaṃ apassanto pana ‘‘maggaphalappattomhī’’ti adhimāniko hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yaṃ taṃ citta</span>nti yaṃ taṃ vipassanācittaṃ. <span class="bld">Ajjhattamevā</span>ti aniccānupassanāya ārammaṇe gocarajjhatteyeva. <span class="bld">Ñāṇaṃ uppajjatī</span>ti tasseva yogāvacarassa rūpārūpadhamme tulayantassa tīrayantassa vissaṭṭhaindavajiramiva avihatavegaṃ <a name="M2.0192"></a> tikhiṇaṃ sūramativisadaṃ vipassanāñāṇaṃ uppajjati. <span class="bld">Pīti uppajjatī</span>ti tasseva tasmiṃ samaye khuddikā pīti, khaṇikā pīti, okkantikā pīti, ubbegā pīti, pharaṇā pītīti ayaṃ pañcavidhā vipassanāsampayuttā pīti sakalasarīraṃ pūrayamānā uppajjati. <span class="bld">Passaddhi uppajjatī</span>ti tasseva tasmiṃ samaye kāyacittānaṃ neva daratho, na gāravatā, na kakkhaḷatā<a name="P3.0590"></a>, na akammaññatā, na gelaññatā, na vaṅkatā hoti. Atha kho panassa kāyacittāni passaddhāni lahūni mudūni kammaññāni paguṇāni suvisadāni ujukāniyeva honti. So imehi passaddhādīhi anuggahitakāyacitto tasmiṃ samaye amānusiṃ nāma ratiṃ anubhavati. Yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Suññāgāraṃ <a name="V2.0178"></a> paviṭṭhassa, santacittassa bhikkhuno;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Amānusī ratī hoti, sammā dhammaṃ vipassato.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yato yato sammasati, khandhānaṃ udayabbayaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Labhatī pītipāmojjaṃ, amataṃ taṃ vijānata’’nti. (dha. pa. 373-4) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Evamassa imaṃ amānusiṃ ratiṃ sādhayamānā lahutādīhi sahitā vipassanāsampayuttā kāyacittapassaddhi uppajjati. <span class="bld">Sukhaṃ uppajjatī</span>ti tasseva tasmiṃ samaye sakalasarīraṃ abhisandayamānaṃ vipassanāsampayuttaṃ sukhaṃ uppajjati. <span class="bld">Adhimokkho uppajjatī</span>ti tasseva tasmiṃ samaye cittacetasikānaṃ atisayapasādabhūtā vipassanāsampayuttā saddhā uppajjati. <span class="bld">Paggaho uppajjatī</span>ti tasseva tasmiṃ samaye asithilamanaccāraddhaṃ supaggahitaṃ vipassanāsampayuttaṃ vīriyaṃ uppajjati. <span class="bld">Upaṭṭhānaṃ uppajjatī</span>ti tasseva tasmiṃ samaye sūpaṭṭhitā suppatiṭṭhitā nikhātā acalā pabbatarājasadisā vipassanāsampayuttā sati uppajjati. So yaṃ yaṃ ṭhānaṃ āvajjati samannāharati manasi karoti paccavekkhati, taṃ taṃ ṭhānamassa okkantitvā pakkhanditvā dibbacakkhuno paraloko viya satiyā upaṭṭhāti (visuddhi. 2.734).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upekkhā</span>ti vipassanupekkhā ceva āvajjanupekkhā ca. Tasmiñhi samaye sabbasaṅkhāresu majjhattabhūtā vipassanupekkhāpi balavatī uppajjati, manodvāre āvajjanupekkhāpi. Sā hissa taṃ taṃ ṭhānaṃ āvajjantassa vissaṭṭhaindavajiramiva pattapuṭe pakkhandatattanārāco viya ca sūrā tikhiṇā hutvā vahati<a name="M2.0193"></a>. Evañhi visuddhimagge (visuddhi. 2.734) vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Vipassanupekkhā</span>ti cettha ‘‘vipassanāsampayuttā tatramajjhattupekkhā’’ti ācariyā vadanti. Vipassanāñāṇe hi gayhamāne ‘‘ñāṇaṃ uppajjatī’’ti vipassanāñāṇassa āgatattā punaruttidoso hoti. Tatiyajjhānavaṇṇanāyañca ‘‘saṅkhārupekkhāvipassanupekkhānampi atthato ekībhāvo. Paññā eva hi sā, kiccavasena dvidhā bhinnā’’ti vuttaṃ. Tasmā vipassanāsampayuttāya tatramajjhattupekkhāya vuccamānāya punaruttidoso <a name="P3.0591"></a> ca na hoti, tatiyajjhānavaṇṇanāya ca sameti. Yasmā ca pañcasu indriyesu ‘‘ñāṇaṃ adhimokkho paggaho upaṭṭhāna’’nti paññindriyasaddhindriyavīriyindriyasatindriyāni niddiṭṭhāni, samādhindriyaṃ pana aniddiṭṭhaṃ hoti, yuganaddhavasenāpi ca samādhindriyaṃ niddisitabbameva hoti, tasmā samappavatto samādhi puna samādhāne byāpārappahānakaraṇena ‘‘upekkhā’’ti vuttoti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nikanti</span> <a name="V2.0179"></a> <span class="bld">uppajjatī</span>ti evaṃ obhāsādipaṭimaṇḍitāya vipassanāya ālayaṃ kurumānā sukhumā santākārā nikanti uppajjati, yā kilesoti pariggahetumpi na sakkā hoti. Yathā ca obhāse, evaṃ etesupi aññatarasmiṃ uppanne yogāvacaro ‘‘na ca vata me ito pubbe evarūpaṃ ñāṇaṃ uppannapubbaṃ, evarūpā pīti passaddhi sukhaṃ adhimokkho paggaho upaṭṭhānaṃ upekkhā nikanti uppannapubbā, addhā maggaṃ pattomhi, phalaṃ pattomhī’’ti amaggameva ‘‘maggo’’ti, aphalameva ‘‘phala’’nti gaṇhāti. Tassa amaggaṃ ‘‘maggo’’ti, aphalañca ‘‘phala’’nti gaṇhato vipassanāvīthi ukkantā hoti. So attano mūlakammaṭṭhānaṃ vissajjetvā nikantimeva assādento nisīdati. Ettha ca obhāsādayo upakkilesavatthutāya upakkilesāti vuttā, na akusalattā. Nikanti pana upakkileso ceva upakkilesavatthu ca. Vatthuvaseneva cete dasa, gāhavasena pana samatiṃsa honti. Kathaṃ? ‘‘Mama obhāso uppanno’’ti gaṇhato hi diṭṭhiggāho hoti, ‘‘manāpo vata obhāso uppanno’’ti gaṇhato mānaggāho, obhāsaṃ assādayato taṇhāggāho. Iti obhāse diṭṭhimānataṇhāvasena tayo gāhā. Tathā sesesupīti evaṃ gāhavasena samatiṃsa upakkilesā honti. <span class="bld">Dukkhato manasikaroto, anattato manasikaroto</span>ti vāresupi <a name="M2.0194"></a> imināva nayena attho veditabbo. Ekekaanupassanāvasena hettha ekekassa vipassanupakkilesuppatti veditabbā, na ekasseva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tīsu anupassanāsu. Evaṃ abhedato vipassanāvasena upakkilese dassetvā puna bhedavasena dassento <span class="bld">rūpaṃ aniccato manasikaroto</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">jarāmaraṇaṃ aniccato upaṭṭhāna</span>nti jarāmaraṇassa aniccato upaṭṭhānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para7"></a><span class="paranum">7</span>. Yasmā pubbe vuttānaṃ samatiṃsāya upakkilesānaṃ vasena akusalo abyatto yogāvacaro obhāsādīsu vikampati, obhāsādīsu ekekaṃ ‘‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’’ti samanupassati, tasmā tamatthaṃ dassento <span class="bld">obhāse ceva ñāṇe cā</span>tiādigāthādvayamāha. Tattha <a name="P3.0592"></a> <span class="bld">vikampatī</span>ti obhāsādike ārammaṇe nānākilesavasena vividhā kampati vedhati. <span class="bld">Yehi cittaṃ pavedhatī</span>ti yehi passaddhisukhehi cittaṃ nānākilesavasena nānappakārena vedhati kampati. Tasmā <span class="bld">passaddhiyā sukhe ceva</span> yogāvacaro vikampatīti sambandho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Upekkhāvajjanāya cevā</span>ti upekkhāsaṅkhātāya āvajjanāya ceva vikampati, āvajjanupekkhāya ceva vikampatīti attho. Visuddhimagge (visuddhi. 2.736) pana ‘‘upekkhāvajjanāyañcā’’ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Upekkhāya cā</span>ti heṭṭhā vuttappakārāya upekkhāya ca vikampati, nikantiyā ca vikampatīti attho. Ettha ca dvinnaṃ upekkhānaṃ niddiṭṭhattā heṭṭhā ‘‘upekkhā uppajjatī’’ti <a name="V2.0180"></a> vuttaṭṭhāne ca ubhayathā attho vutto. Aniccānupassanādīsu ca ekekissāyeva āvajjanupekkhāya sabbhāvato ekekāyeva anupassanā aniccaṃ aniccaṃ, dukkhaṃ dukkhaṃ, anattā anattāti punappunaṃ bhāvīyatīti vuttaṃ hoti. Yasmā pana kusalo paṇḍito byatto buddhisampanno yogāvacaro obhāsādīsu uppannesu ‘‘ayaṃ kho me obhāso uppanno, so kho panāyaṃ anicco saṅkhato paṭiccasamuppanno khayadhammo vayadhammo virāgadhammo nirodhadhammo’’ti iti vā naṃ paññāya paricchindati upaparikkhati. Atha vā panassa evaṃ hoti – sace obhāso attā bhaveyya, ‘‘attā’’ti gahetuṃ vaṭṭeyya. Anattāva panāyaṃ ‘‘attā’’ti gahito. Tasmāyaṃ avasavattanaṭṭhena anattāti passanto diṭṭhiṃ ugghāṭeti. Sace obhāso nicco <a name="M2.0195"></a> bhaveyya, ‘‘nicco’’ti gahetuṃ vaṭṭeyya. Aniccova panāyaṃ ‘‘nicco’’ti gahito. Tasmāyaṃ hutvā abhāvaṭṭhena aniccoti passanto mānaṃ samugghāṭeti. Sace obhāso sukho bhaveyya, ‘‘sukho’’ti gahetuṃ vaṭṭeyya. Dukkhova panāyaṃ ‘‘sukho’’ti gahito. Tasmāyaṃ uppādavayapaṭipīḷanaṭṭhena dukkhoti passanto nikantiṃ pariyādiyati. Yathā ca obhāse, evaṃ sesesupi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ upaparikkhitvā obhāsaṃ ‘‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’’ti samanupassati. Ñāṇaṃ…pe… nikantiṃ ‘‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’’ti samanupassati. Evaṃ samanupassanto obhāsādīsu na kampati na vedhati. Tasmā tamatthaṃ dassento <span class="bld">imāni dasa ṭhānānī</span>ti gāthamāha. Tattha <span class="bld">dasa ṭhānānī</span>ti obhāsādīni. <span class="bld">Paññā yassa pariccitā</span>ti yassa upakkilesavimuttāya paññāya paricitāni punappunaṃ phuṭṭhāni paribhāvitāni. <span class="bld">Dhammuddhaccakusalo hotī</span>ti so paññāya paricitadasaṭṭhāno yogāvacaro pubbe vuttappakārassa dhammuddhaccassa yathāsabhāvapaṭivedhena cheko hoti. <span class="bld">Na ca sammoha gacchatī</span>ti dhammuddhaccakusalattāyeva taṇhāmānadiṭṭhugghāṭavasena sammohañca na gacchati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni <a name="P3.0593"></a> pubbe vuttameva vidhiṃ aparena pariyāyena vibhāvetvā dassento <span class="bld">vikkhipati ceva kilissati cā</span>tiādigāthamāha. Tattha mandapañño yogāvacaro obhāsādīsu vikkhepañca avasesakilesuppattiñca pāpuṇāti. Majjhimapañño vikkhepameva pāpuṇāti, nāvasesakilesuppattiṃ, so adhimāniko hoti. Tikkhapañño vikkhepaṃ pāpuṇitvāpi taṃ adhimānaṃ pahāya vipassanaṃ ārabhati. Atitikkhapañño na vikkhepaṃ pāpuṇāti, na cāvasesakilesuppattiṃ. <span class="bld">Vikkhippati cevā</span>ti tesu mandapañño dhammuddhaccasaṅkhātaṃ vikkhepañceva pāpuṇīyati. <span class="bld">Kilissati cā</span>ti taṇhāmānadiṭṭhikilesehi kilesīyati ca, upatāpīyati vibādhīyatīti attho. <span class="bld">Cavati cittabhāvanā</span>ti tassa mandapaññassa vipassanācittabhāvanā kilesesuyeva <a name="V2.0181"></a> ṭhānato paṭipakkhāvihatattā cavati, paripatatīti attho. <span class="bld">Vikkhipati na kilissatī</span>ti majjhimapañño vikkhepena vikkhipati, kilesehi na kilissati. <span class="bld">Bhāvanā parihāyatī</span>ti tassa majjhimapaññassa adhimānikattā vipassanārambhābhāvena vipassanā parihāyati, nappavattatīti <a name="M2.0196"></a> attho. <span class="bld">Vikkhipati na kilissatī</span>ti tikkhapaññopi vikkhepena vikkhipati, kilesehi na kilissati. <span class="bld">Bhāvanā na parihāyatī</span>ti tassa tikkhapaññassa santepi vikkhepe taṃ adhimānavikkhepaṃ pahāya vipassanārambhasabbhāvena vipassanābhāvanā na parihāyati, pavattatīti attho. <span class="bld">Na ca vikkhipate cittaṃ na kilissatī</span>ti atitikkhapaññassa cittaṃ na vikkhepena vikkhipati, na ca kilesehi kilissati. <span class="bld">Na cavati cittabhāvanā</span>ti tassa vipassanācittabhāvanā na cavati, vikkhepakilesābhāvena yathāṭhāne tiṭṭhatīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Imehi catūhi ṭhānehī</span>tiādīsu idāni vuttehi imehi catūhi ṭhānehi hetubhūtehi, karaṇabhūtehi vā obhāsādike dasa ṭhāne cittassa saṅkhepena ca vikkhepena ca viggahitaṃ mānasaṃ vikkhepakilesuppattivirahito catuttho kusalo mahāpañño yogāvacaro mandapaññādīnaṃ tiṇṇaṃ yogāvacarānaṃ mānasaṃ evañca evañca hotīti nānappakārato jānātīti sambandhato atthavaṇṇanā veditabbā. <span class="bld">Saṅkhepo</span>ti cettha vikkhepassa ceva kilesānañca uppattivasena cittassa līnabhāvo veditabbo. <span class="bld">Vikkhepo</span>ti ‘‘vikkhipati na kilissatī’’ti dvīsu ṭhānesu vuttavikkhepavasena cittassa uddhatabhāvo veditabboti.</p>
<p class="centered">Yuganaddhakathāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">2. Saccakathā</p>
<p class="subhead">Saccakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para8"></a><span class="paranum">8</span>. Idāni <a name="V2.0182"></a><a name="P3.0594"></a> yuganaddhaguṇassa ariyamaggassa vasena saccaṭṭhaṃ saccapaṭivedhavisesaṃ saccalakkhaṇādividhānañca dassentena kathitāya suttantapubbaṅgamāya saccakathāya apubbatthānuvaṇṇanā. Tattha suttante tāva <span class="bld">tathānī</span>ti yathāsabhāvavasena tacchāni. Yathāsabhāvabhūtāneva hi dhammajātāni saccaṭṭhena saccāni. Saccaṭṭho paṭhamañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanāyaṃ vutto. <span class="bld">Avitathānī</span>ti vuttasabhāve vipariyāyavirahitāni. Na hi saccāni asaccāni nāma honti. <span class="bld">Anaññathānī</span>ti aññasabhāvavirahitāni. Na hi asaccāni saccāni nāma honti. <span class="bld">Idaṃ dukkhanti, bhikkhave, tathameta</span>nti bhikkhave, idaṃ <a name="M2.0197"></a> dukkhanti yaṃ vuccati, etaṃ yathāsabhāvattā tathaṃ. Dukkhameva hi dukkhaṃ. Vuttasabhāve vipariyāyābhāvato <span class="bld">avitathaṃ</span>. Na hi dukkhaṃ adukkhaṃ nāma hoti. Aññasabhāvavirahitattā <span class="bld">anaññathaṃ</span>. Na hi dukkhaṃ samudayādisabhāvaṃ hoti. Samudayādīsupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Paṭhamasuttantaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tathaṭṭhenā</span>ti yathāsabhāvaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Pīḷanaṭṭhā</span>dayo ñāṇakathāyaṃ vuttatthāyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para9"></a><span class="paranum">9</span>. <span class="bld">Ekappaṭivedhānī</span>ti ekena maggañāṇena paṭivedho, ekato vā paṭivedho etesanti ekappaṭivedhāni. <span class="bld">Anattaṭṭhenā</span>ti catunnampi saccānaṃ attavirahitattā anattaṭṭhena. Vuttañhetaṃ visuddhimagge (visuddhi. 2.567) – paramatthato hi sabbāneva saccāni vedakakārakanibbutagamakābhāvato suññānīti veditabbāni. Tenetaṃ vuccati –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Dukkhameva hi, na koci dukkhito, kārako na, kiriyāva vijjati;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Atthi nibbuti, na nibbuto pumā, maggamatthi, gamako na vijjatī’’ti. (visuddhi. 2.567);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha <a name="V2.0183"></a> vā –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Dhuvasubhasukhattasuññaṃ, purimadvayamattasuññamamatapadaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Dhuvasukhaattavirahito, maggo iti suññatā tesū’’ti. (visuddhi. 2.567);</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saccaṭṭhenā</span>ti avisaṃvādakaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Paṭivedhaṭṭhenā</span>ti maggakkhaṇe paṭivijjhitabbaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Ekasaṅgahitānī</span>ti tathaṭṭhādinā ekekeneva atthena saṅgahitāni, ekagaṇanaṃ gatānīti attho. <span class="bld">Yaṃ ekasaṅgahitaṃ, taṃ ekatta</span>nti yasmā ekena saṅgahitaṃ, tasmā ekattanti attho. Saccānaṃ bahuttepi ekattamapekkhitvā ekavacanaṃ kataṃ. <span class="bld">Ekattaṃ ekena ñāṇena paṭivijjhatī</span>ti pubbabhāge catunnaṃ saccānaṃ nānattekattaṃ svāvatthitaṃ vavatthapetvā ṭhito maggakkhaṇe <a name="P3.0595"></a><a name="M2.0198"></a> ekena maggañāṇena tathaṭṭhāditaṃtaṃekattaṃ paṭivijjhati. Kathaṃ? Nirodhasaccassa tathaṭṭhādike ekatte paṭividdhe sesasaccānampi tathaṭṭhādikaṃ ekattaṃ paṭividdhameva hoti. Yathā pubbabhāge pañcannaṃ khandhānaṃ nānattekattaṃ svāvatthitaṃ vavatthapetvā ṭhitassa maggavuṭṭhānakāle aniccato vā dukkhato vā anattato vā vuṭṭhahantassa ekasmimpi khandhe aniccādito diṭṭhe sesakhandhāpi aniccādito diṭṭhāva honti, evamidanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Dukkhassa dukkhaṭṭho tathaṭṭho</span>ti dukkhasaccassa pīḷanaṭṭhādiko catubbidho attho sabhāvaṭṭhena tathaṭṭho. Sesasaccesupi eseva nayo. Soyeva catubbidho attho attābhāvato <span class="bld">anattaṭṭho</span>. Vuttasabhāve avisaṃvādakato <span class="bld">saccaṭṭho</span>. Maggakkhaṇe paṭivijjhitabbato <span class="bld">paṭivedhaṭṭho</span> vuttoti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para10"></a><span class="paranum">10</span>. <span class="bld">Yaṃ anicca</span>ntiādi sāmaññalakkhaṇapubbaṅgamaṃ katvā dassitaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">yaṃ aniccaṃ, taṃ dukkhaṃ. Yaṃ dukkhaṃ, taṃ anicca</span>nti dukkhasamudayamaggā gahitā. Tāni hi tīṇi saccāni aniccāni ceva aniccattā dukkhāni ca. <span class="bld">Yaṃ aniccañca dukkhañca, taṃ anattā</span>ti tāniyeva tīṇi gahitāni. <span class="bld">Yaṃ aniccañca dukkhañca anattā cā</span>ti tehi tīhi saha nirodhasaccañca saṅgahitaṃ. Cattāripi hi anattāyeva. <span class="bld">Taṃ tatha</span>nti taṃ saccacatukkaṃ sabhāvabhūtaṃ. <span class="bld">Taṃ sacca</span>nti tadeva saccacatukkaṃ yathāsabhāve avisaṃvādakaṃ. <span class="bld">Navahākārehī</span>tiādīsu ‘‘sabbaṃ, bhikkhave, abhiññeyya’’nti (paṭi. ma. 1.3; saṃ. ni. 4.46) vacanato abhiññaṭṭhena, dukkhassa pariññaṭṭhe, samudayassa pahānaṭṭhe, maggassa bhāvanaṭṭhe, nirodhassa sacchikiriyaṭṭhe āvenikepi idha catūsupi saccesu ñātapariññāsabbhāvato pariññaṭṭhena, catusaccadassanena pahānasabbhāvato pahānaṭṭhena, catusaccabhāvanāsabbhāvato bhāvanaṭṭhena, catunnaṃ saccānaṃ sacchikiriyasabbhāvato sacchikiriyaṭṭhenāti <a name="V2.0184"></a> niddiṭṭhanti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Navahākārehi tathaṭṭhenā</span>tiādīsu paṭhamaṃ vuttanayeneva yojanā kātabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para11"></a><span class="paranum">11</span>. <span class="bld">Dvādasahi ākārehī</span>tiādīsu tathaṭṭhādayo ñāṇakathāyaṃ vuttatthā. Etesaṃ niddesepi vuttanayeneva yojanā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para12"></a><span class="paranum">12</span>. <span class="bld">Saccānaṃ kati lakkhaṇānī</span>tiādīsu upari vattabbāni cha lakkhaṇāni saṅkhatāsaṅkhatavasena dvidhā bhinditvā <span class="bld">dve lakkhaṇānī</span>ti <a name="P3.0596"></a> āha. Tattha <a name="M2.0199"></a> <span class="bld">saṅkhatalakkhaṇañca asaṅkhatalakkhaṇañcā</span>ti ‘‘tīṇimāni, bhikkhave, saṅkhatassa saṅkhatalakkhaṇāni uppādo paññāyati, vayo paññāyati, ṭhitassa aññathattaṃ paññāyati. Tīṇimāni, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatassa asaṅkhatalakkhaṇāni na uppādo paññāyati, na vayo paññāyati, na ṭhitassa aññathattaṃ paññāyatī’’ti (a. ni. 3.47-48) evaṃ vuttaṃ saṅkhatassa saṅkhatamiti lakkhaṇañca asaṅkhatassa asaṅkhatamiti lakkhaṇañca. Saṅkhataṃ pana na lakkhaṇaṃ, lakkhaṇaṃ na saṅkhataṃ. Na ca saṅkhataṃ vinā lakkhaṇaṃ paññāpetuṃ sakkā, napi lakkhaṇaṃ vinā saṅkhataṃ. Lakkhaṇena pana saṅkhataṃ pākaṭaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Puna tadeva lakkhaṇadvayaṃ vitthārato dassento <span class="bld">cha lakkhaṇānī</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Saṅkhatānaṃ saccāna</span>nti dukkhasamudayamaggasaccānaṃ. Tāni hi paccayehi saṅgamma katattā saṅkhatāni. <span class="bld">Uppādo</span>ti jāti. <span class="bld">Paññāyatī</span>ti jānīyati. <span class="bld">Vayo</span>ti bhaṅgo. <span class="bld">Ṭhitānaṃ aññathatta</span>nti ṭhitippattānaṃ aññathābhāvo jarā. Tiṇṇaṃ saṅkhatasaccānaṃ nipphannattā uppādavayaññathattaṃ vuttaṃ, tesaṃyeva pana uppādassa, jarāya bhaṅgassa ca anipphannattā uppādavayaññathattaṃ na vattabbaṃ. Saṅkhatanissitattā uppādavayaññathattaṃ na paññāyatīti na vattabbaṃ. Saṅkhatavikārattā pana saṅkhatanti vattabbaṃ. Dukkhasamudayānaṃ uppādajarābhaṅgā saccapariyāpannā, maggasaccassa uppādajarābhaṅgā na saccapariyāpannāti vadanti. Tattha ‘‘saṅkhatānaṃ uppādakkhaṇe saṅkhatāpi uppādalakkhaṇampi kālasaṅkhāto tassa khaṇopi paññāyati, uppāde vītivatte saṅkhatāpi jarālakkhaṇampi kālasaṅkhāto tassa khaṇopi paññāyati, bhaṅgakkhaṇe saṅkhatāpi jarāpi bhaṅgalakkhaṇampi kālasaṅkhāto tassa khaṇopi paññāyatī’’ti khandhakavaggaṭṭhakathāyaṃ (saṃ. ni. aṭṭha. 2.3.37-38) vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Asaṅkhatassa saccassā</span>ti nirodhasaccassa. Tañhi paccayehi samāgamma akatattā sayameva nipphannanti asaṅkhataṃ. <span class="bld">Ṭhitassā</span>ti niccattā ṭhitassa, na ṭhānappattattā. Puna tadeva lakkhaṇadvayaṃ vitthārato dassento <span class="bld">dvādasa lakkhaṇānī</span>ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Catunnaṃ</span> <a name="V2.0185"></a> <span class="bld">saccānaṃ kati kusalā</span>tiādīsu <span class="bld">abyākata</span>nti vipākābyākataṃ kiriyābyākataṃ rūpābyākataṃ nibbānābyākatanti catūsu abyākatesu nibbānābyākataṃ. Cattāripi hi kusalākusalalakkhaṇena na byākatattā abyākatāni. <span class="bld">Siyā kusala</span>nti kāmāvacararūpāvacarārūpāvacarakusalānaṃ <a name="P3.0597"></a> vasena <a name="M2.0200"></a> kusalampi bhaveyya. <span class="bld">Siyā akusala</span>nti taṇhaṃ ṭhapetvā sesākusalavasena. <span class="bld">Siyā abyākata</span>nti kāmāvacararūpāvacarārūpāvacaravipākakiriyānaṃ rūpānañca vasena. <span class="bld">Siyā tīṇi saccānī</span>tiādīsu <span class="bld">saṅgahitānī</span>ti gaṇitāni. <span class="bld">Vatthuvasenā</span>ti akusalakusalābyākatadukkhasamudayanirodhamaggasaṅkhātavatthuvasena. <span class="bld">Yaṃ dukkhasaccaṃ akusala</span>nti ṭhapetvā taṇhaṃ avasesaṃ akusalaṃ. <span class="bld">Akusalaṭṭhena dve saccāni ekasaccena saṅgahitānī</span>ti imāni dve dukkhasamudayasaccāni akusalaṭṭhena ekasaccena saṅgahitāni, akusalasaccaṃ nāma hotīti attho. <span class="bld">Ekasaccaṃ dvīhi saccehi saṅgahita</span>nti ekaṃ akusalasaccaṃ dvīhi dukkhasamudayasaccehi saṅgahitaṃ. <span class="bld">Yaṃ dukkhasaccaṃ kusala</span>nti tebhūmakaṃ kusalaṃ. Imāni dve dukkhamaggasaccāni kusalaṭṭhena ekasaccena saṅgahitāni, kusalasaccaṃ nāma hoti. Ekaṃ kusalasaccaṃ dvīhi dukkhamaggasaccehi saṅgahitaṃ. <span class="bld">Yaṃ dukkhasaccaṃ abyākata</span>nti tebhūmakavipākakiriyā rūpañca. Imāni dve dukkhanirodhasaccāni abyākataṭṭhena ekasaccena saṅgahitāni, ekaṃ abyākatasaccaṃ nāma hoti. Ekaṃ abyākatasaccaṃ dvīhi dukkhanirodhasaccehi saṅgahitaṃ. <span class="bld">Tīṇi saccāni ekasaccena saṅgahitānī</span>ti samudayamagganirodhasaccāni ekena akusalakusalābyākatabhūtena dukkhasaccena saṅgahitāni. <span class="bld">Ekaṃ saccaṃ tīhi saccehi saṅgahita</span>nti ekaṃ dukkhasaccaṃ visuṃ akusalakusalaabyākatabhūtehi samudayamagganirodhasaccehi saṅgahitaṃ. Keci pana ‘‘dukkhasamudayasaccāni akusalaṭṭhena samudayasaccena saṅgahitāni, dukkhamaggasaccāni kusalaṭṭhena maggasaccena saṅgahitāni, na dassanaṭṭhena. Dukkhanirodhasaccāni abyākataṭṭhena nirodhasaccena saṅgahitāni, na asaṅkhataṭṭhenā’’ti vaṇṇayanti.</p>
<p class="subhead">2. Dutiyasuttantapāḷivaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para13"></a><span class="paranum">13</span>. Puna aññassa suttantassa atthavasena saccappaṭivedhaṃ niddisitukāmo <span class="bld">pubbe me, bhikkhave</span>tiādikaṃ suttantaṃ āharitvā dassesi. Tattha <span class="bld">pubbe me, bhikkhave, sambodhā</span>ti bhikkhave, mama sambodhito sabbaññutaññāṇato pubbe. <span class="bld">Anabhisambuddhassā</span>ti sabbadhamme appaṭividdhassa. <span class="bld">Bodhisattasseva sato</span>ti bodhisattabhūtasseva. <span class="bld">Etadahosī</span>ti bodhipallaṅke nisinnassa etaṃ parivitakkitaṃ ahosi. <span class="bld">Assādo</span>ti assādīyatīti assādo. <span class="bld">Ādīnavo</span>ti doso<a name="V2.0186"></a>. <span class="bld">Nissaraṇa</span>nti apagamanaṃ. <span class="bld">Sukha</span>nti <a name="M2.0201"></a> sukhayatīti sukhaṃ, yassuppajjati, taṃ sukhitaṃ karotīti attho. <span class="bld">Somanassa</span>nti pītisomanassayogato sobhanaṃ mano assāti sumano, sumanassa bhāvo somanassaṃ<a name="P3.0598"></a>, sukhameva pītiyogato visesitaṃ. <span class="bld">Anicca</span>nti addhuvaṃ. <span class="bld">Dukkha</span>nti dukkhavatthuttā saṅkhāradukkhattā ca dukkhaṃ. <span class="bld">Vipariṇāmadhamma</span>nti avasī hutvā jarābhaṅgavasena parivattanapakatikaṃ. Etena anattabhāvo vutto hoti. <span class="bld">Chandarāgavinayo</span>ti chandasaṅkhātassa rāgassa saṃvaraṇaṃ, na vaṇṇarāgassa. <span class="bld">Chandarāgappahāna</span>nti tasseva chandarāgassa pajahanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yāvakīvañcā</span>tiādīsu yāva imesaṃ pañcannaṃ upādānakkhandhānaṃ…pe… <span class="bld">yathābhūtaṃ nābbhaññāsiṃ</span> na adhikena ñāṇena paṭivijjhiṃ, tāva <span class="bld">anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ</span> anuttaraṃ sabbaññubhāvaṃ <span class="bld">abhisambuddho</span> abhisametāvī arahanti <span class="bld">nevāhaṃ paccaññāsiṃ</span> neva paṭiññaṃ akāsinti sambandhato attho. <span class="bld">Kīvañcā</span>ti nipātamattaṃ. <span class="bld">Yato</span>ti yasmā, yadā vā. <span class="bld">Athā</span>ti anantaraṃ. <span class="bld">Ñāṇañca pana me dassanaṃ udapādī</span>ti dassanakiccakaraṇena dassanasaṅkhātaṃ paccavekkhaṇañāṇañca me uppajji. <span class="bld">Akuppā</span>ti kopetuṃ cāletuṃ asakkuṇeyyā. <span class="bld">Vimuttī</span>ti arahattaphalavimutti. Etāya eva phalapaccavekkhaṇāya magganibbānapaccavekkhaṇāpi vuttāva honti. <span class="bld">Ayamantimā jātī</span>ti ayaṃ pacchimā khandhappavatti. <span class="bld">Natthidāni punabbhavo</span>ti idāni puna uppatti natthi. Etena pahīnakilesapaccavekkhaṇā vuttā. Arahato hi avasiṭṭhakilesapaccavekkhaṇā na hoti.</p>
<p class="subhead">3. Dutiyasuttantaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para14"></a><span class="paranum">14</span>. Saccappaṭivedhañāṇayojanakkame ca <span class="bld">ayaṃ rūpassa assādoti pahānappaṭivedho</span>ti pubbabhāge ‘‘ayaṃ taṇhāsampayutto rūpassa assādo’’ti ñatvā maggakkhaṇe samudayappahānasaṅkhāto samudayasaccappaṭivedho. <span class="bld">Samudayasacca</span>nti samudayasaccappaṭivedhañāṇaṃ. Ariyasaccārammaṇañāṇampi hi ‘‘ye keci kusalā dhammā, sabbe te catūsu ariyasaccesu saṅgahaṃ gacchantī’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.300) viya ‘‘sacca’’nti vuccati. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ rūpassa ādīnavoti pariññāpaṭivedho</span>ti pubbabhāge ‘‘ayaṃ rūpassa ādīnavo’’ti ñatvā maggakkhaṇe dukkhapariññāsaṅkhāto dukkhasaccappaṭivedho. <span class="bld">Dukkhasacca</span>nti dukkhasaccappaṭivedhañāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Idaṃ rūpassa nissaraṇanti sacchikiriyāpaṭivedho</span>ti pubbabhāge ‘‘idaṃ rūpassa nissaraṇa’’nti <a name="M2.0202"></a> ñatvā maggakkhaṇe nirodhasacchikiriyāsaṅkhāto nirodhasaccappaṭivedho. <span class="bld">Nirodhasacca</span>nti nirodhasaccārammaṇaṃ nirodhasaccappaṭivedhañāṇaṃ<a name="V2.0187"></a>. <span class="bld">Yā imesu tīsu ṭhānesū</span>ti imesu yathāvuttesu tīsu samudayadukkhanirodhesu paṭivedhavasena pavattā yā <span class="bld">diṭṭhi</span> yo <span class="bld">saṅkappo</span>ti yojanā. <span class="bld">Bhāvanāpaṭivedho</span>ti ayaṃ maggabhāvanāsaṅkhāto maggasaccappaṭivedho. <span class="bld">Maggasacca</span>nti maggasaccappaṭivedhañāṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para15"></a><span class="paranum">15</span>. Puna <a name="P3.0599"></a> aparena pariyāyena saccāni ca saccappaṭivedhañca dassento <span class="bld">saccanti katihākārehi sacca</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha yasmā sabbepi sabbaññubodhisattā bodhipallaṅke nisinnā jarāmaraṇādikassa dukkhasaccassa jātiādikaṃ samudayasaccaṃ ‘‘kiṃ nu kho’’ti esanti, tathā esantā ca jarāmaraṇādikassa dukkhasaccassa jātiādikaṃ samudayasaccaṃ ‘‘paccayo’’ti vavatthapento pariggaṇhanti, tasmā sā ca esanā so ca pariggaho saccānaṃ esanattā pariggahattā ca ‘‘sacca’’nti katvā <span class="bld">esanaṭṭhena pariggahaṭṭhenā</span>ti vuttaṃ. Ayañca vidhi paccekabuddhānampi paccayapariggahe labbhatiyeva, sāvakānaṃ pana anussavavasena paccayapariggahe labbhati. <span class="bld">Paṭivedhaṭṭhenā</span>ti pubbabhāge tathā esitānaṃ pariggahitānañca maggakkhaṇe ekapaṭivedhaṭṭhena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kiṃnidāna</span>ntiādīsu nidānādīni sabbāni kāraṇavevacanāni. Kāraṇañhi yasmā phalaṃ nideti ‘‘handa naṃ gaṇhathā’’ti appeti viya, tasmā ‘‘nidāna’’nti vuccati. Yasmā phalaṃ tato samudeti, jāyati, pabhavati; tasmā samudayo, jāti, pabhavoti vuccati. Ayaṃ panettha attho – kiṃ nidānaṃ etassāti <span class="bld">kiṃnidānaṃ</span>. Ko samudayo etassāti <span class="bld">kiṃsamudayaṃ</span>. Kā jāti etassāti <span class="bld">kiṃjātikaṃ</span>. Ko pabhavo etassāti <span class="bld">kiṃpabhavaṃ</span>. Yasmā pana tassa jāti yathāvuttena atthena nidānañceva samudayo ca jāti ca pabhavo ca, tasmā <span class="bld">jātinidāna</span>ntiādimāha. <span class="bld">Jarāmaraṇa</span>nti dukkhasaccaṃ. <span class="bld">Jarāmaraṇasamudaya</span>nti tassa paccayaṃ samudayasaccaṃ. <span class="bld">Jarāmaraṇanirodha</span>nti nirodhasaccaṃ. <span class="bld">Jarāmaraṇanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipada</span>nti maggasaccaṃ. Imināva nayena sabbapadesu attho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para16"></a><span class="paranum">16</span>. <span class="bld">Nirodhappajānanā</span>ti ārammaṇakaraṇena nirodhassa pajānanā. <span class="bld">Jāti siyā dukkhasaccaṃ, siyā samudayasacca</span>nti bhavapaccayā paññāyanaṭṭhena dukkhasaccaṃ<a name="M2.0203"></a>, jarāmaraṇassa paccayaṭṭhena samudayasaccaṃ. Esa nayo sesesupi. <span class="bld">Avijjā siyā dukkhasacca</span>nti pana āsavasamudayā avijjāsamudayaṭṭhenāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Saccakathāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">3. Bojjhaṅgakathā</p>
<p class="subhead">Bojjhaṅgakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para17"></a><span class="paranum">17</span>. Idāni <a name="V2.0188"></a> saccappaṭivedhasiddhaṃ bojjhaṅgavisesaṃ dassentena kathitāya suttantapubbaṅgamāya bojjhaṅgakathāya apubbatthānuvaṇṇanā. Tattha suttante tāva <span class="bld">bojjhaṅgā</span>ti bodhiyā, bodhissa vā aṅgāti <a name="P3.0600"></a> bojjhaṅgā. Kiṃ vuttaṃ hoti (saṃ. ni. aṭṭha. 3.5.182) – yā hi ayaṃ dhammasāmaggī, yāya lokuttaramaggakkhaṇe uppajjamānāya līnuddhaccapatiṭṭhānāyūhanakāmasukhattakilamathānuyogaucchedasassatābhinivesādīnaṃ anekesaṃ upaddavānaṃ paṭipakkhabhūtāya satidhammavicayavīriyapītipassaddhisamādhiupekkhāsaṅkhātāya dhammasāmaggiyā ariyasāvako bujjhatīti katvā bodhīti vuccati, <span class="bld">bujjhatī</span>ti kilesasantānaniddāya vuṭṭhahati, cattāri vā ariyasaccāni paṭivijjhati, nibbānameva vā sacchikarotīti vuttaṃ hoti. Yathāha – ‘‘satta bojjhaṅge bhāvetvā anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambuddho’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.378; dī. ni. 3.143). Tassā dhammasāmaggīsaṅkhātāya bodhiyā aṅgāti bojjhaṅgā jhānaṅgamaggaṅgādayo viya. Yopesa yathāvuttappakārāya etāya dhammasāmaggiyā bujjhatīti katvā ariyasāvako bodhīti vuccati, tassa bodhissa aṅgātipi bojjhaṅgā senaṅgarathaṅgādayo viya. Tenāhu aṭṭhakathācariyā ‘‘bujjhanakassa puggalassa aṅgāti bojjhaṅgā’’ti. Satisambojjhaṅgādīnaṃ attho abhiññeyyaniddese vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bojjhaṅgatthaniddese <span class="bld">bodhāya saṃvattantī</span>ti bujjhanatthāya saṃvattanti. Kassa bujjhanatthāya? Maggaphalehi nibbānassa paccavekkhaṇāya katakiccassa bujjhanatthāya, maggena vā kilesaniddāto pabujjhanatthāya phalena pabuddhabhāvatthāyāpīti vuttaṃ hoti. Balavavipassanāyapi bojjhaṅgā bodhāya saṃvattanti<a name="M2.0204"></a>. Tasmā ayaṃ vipassanāmaggaphalabojjhaṅgānaṃ sādhāraṇattho. Tīsupi hi ṭhānesu bodhāya nibbānapaṭivedhāya saṃvattanti. Etena bodhiyā aṅgāti bojjhaṅgāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Bujjhantīti bojjhaṅgā</span>tiādīhi pañcahi catukkehi vuttānaṃ bojjhaṅgānaṃ uppattiṭṭhānaṃ abhiññeyyaniddese vuttaṃ. Api ca <span class="bld">bujjhantī</span>ti bojjhaṅgānaṃ sakiccakaraṇe samatthabhāvadassanatthaṃ kattuniddeso<a name="V2.0189"></a>. <span class="bld">Bujjhanaṭṭhenā</span>ti sakiccakaraṇasamatthattepi sati kattuno abhāvadassanatthaṃ bhāvaniddeso. <span class="bld">Bodhentī</span>ti bojjhaṅgabhāvanāya bujjhantānaṃ yogīnaṃ payojakattā bojjhaṅgānaṃ hetukattuniddeso. <span class="bld">Bodhanaṭṭhenā</span>ti paṭhamaṃ vuttanayeneva payojakahetukattunā bhāvaniddeso. Etehi bodhiyā aṅgā bojjhaṅgāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Bodhipakkhiyaṭṭhenā</span>ti bujjhanaṭṭhena bodhīti laddhanāmassa yogissa pakkhe bhavattā. Ayametesaṃ yogino upakārakattaniddeso. Etehi bodhissa aṅgāti bojjhaṅgāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Buddhilabhanaṭṭhenā</span>tiādike chakke <span class="bld">buddhilabhanaṭṭhenā</span>ti yogāvacarena buddhiyā pāpuṇanaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Ropanaṭṭhenā</span>ti sattānaṃ patiṭṭhāpanaṭṭhena<a name="P3.0601"></a>. <span class="bld">Pāpanaṭṭhenā</span>ti patiṭṭhāpitāya niṭṭhāpanaṭṭhena. Ime vipassanābojjhaṅgā pati-abhi-saṃ-iti tīhi upasaggehi visesitā maggaphalabojjhaṅgāti vadanti. Sabbesampi dhammavohārena niddiṭṭhānaṃ bojjhaṅgānaṃ bodhiyā aṅgāti bojjhaṅgāti vuttaṃ hotīti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Mūlamūlakādidasakavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para18"></a><span class="paranum">18</span>. <span class="bld">Mūlaṭṭhenā</span>tiādike mūlamūlake dasake <span class="bld">mūlaṭṭhenā</span>ti vipassanādīsu purimā purimā bojjhaṅgā pacchimānaṃ pacchimānaṃ bojjhaṅgānañca sahajātadhammānañca aññamaññañca mūlaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Mūlacariyaṭṭhenā</span>ti mūlaṃ hutvā cariyā pavatti mūlacariyā. Tena mūlacariyaṭṭhena, mūlaṃ hutvā pavattanaṭṭhenāti attho. <span class="bld">Mūlapariggahaṭṭhenā</span>ti te eva bojjhaṅgā ādito pabhuti uppādanatthāya parigayhamānattā pariggahā, mūlāniyeva pariggahā mūlapariggahā. Tena mūlapariggahaṭṭhena. Te eva aññamaññaṃ parivāravasena <span class="bld">parivāraṭṭhena</span>. Bhāvanāpāripūrivasena <span class="bld">paripūraṇaṭṭhena</span>. Niṭṭhaṃ pāpuṇanavasena <span class="bld">paripākaṭṭhena</span>. Te eva mūlāni ca chabbidhā pabhedabhinnattā paṭisambhidā cāti mūlapaṭisambhidā. Tena <span class="bld">mūlapaṭisambhidaṭṭhena. Mūlapaṭisambhidāpāpanaṭṭhenā</span>ti bojjhaṅgabhāvanānuyuttassa yogino taṃ mūlapaṭisambhidaṃ pāpanaṭṭhena<a name="M2.0205"></a>. Tasseva yogino tassā mūlapaṭisambhidāya <span class="bld">vasībhāvaṭṭhena</span>. Sesesupi īdisesu puggalavohāresu bodhissa aṅgāti bojjhaṅgāti vuttaṃ hotīti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Mūlapaṭisambhidāya vasībhāvappattānampī</span>ti īdisesupi niṭṭhāvacanesu phalabojjhaṅgāti veditabbaṃ. Vasībhāvaṃ pattānantipi pāṭho.</p>
<p class="centered">Mūlamūlakadasakaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sesesupi hetumūlakādīsu navasu dasakesu imināva nayena sādhāraṇavacanānaṃ attho veditabbo<a name="V2.0190"></a>. Asādhāraṇesu pana yathāvuttā eva bojjhaṅgā yathāvuttānaṃ dhammānaṃ janakattā <span class="bld">hetū</span> nāma honti. Upatthambhakattā <span class="bld">paccayā</span> nāma. Te eva tadaṅgasamucchedapaṭippassaddhivisuddhibhūtattā <span class="bld">visuddhi</span> nāma. Vajjavirahitattā <span class="bld">anavajjā</span> nāma. ‘‘Sabbepi kusalā dhammā nekkhamma’’nti vacanato <span class="bld">nekkhammaṃ</span> nāma. Kilesehi vimuttattā tadaṅgavimuttiādivasena <span class="bld">vimutti</span> nāma. Maggaphalabojjhaṅgā visayībhūtehi āsavehi virahitattā <span class="bld">anāsavā</span>. Tividhāpi bojjhaṅgā kilesehi suññattā tadaṅgavivekādivasena <span class="bld">vivekā</span>. Vipassanāmaggabojjhaṅgā pariccāgavosaggattā pakkhandanavosaggattā ca <span class="bld">vosaggā</span>. Phalabojjhaṅgā pakkhandanavosaggattā vosaggā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para19"></a><span class="paranum">19</span>. <span class="bld">Mūlaṭṭhaṃ</span> <a name="P3.0602"></a> <span class="bld">bujjhantī</span>tiādayo ekekapadavasena niddiṭṭhā nava dasakā vuttanayeneva veditabbā. <span class="bld">Vasībhāvappattāna</span>nti padaṃ pana vattamānavacanābhāvena na yojitaṃ. <span class="bld">Pariggahaṭṭhā</span>dayo abhiññeyyaniddese vuttatthā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para20"></a><span class="paranum">20</span>. Puna thero attanā desitaṃ suttantaṃ uddisitvā tassa niddesavasena bojjhaṅgavidhiṃ dassetukāmo <span class="bld">ekaṃ samaya</span>ntiādikaṃ nidānaṃ vatvā suttantaṃ tāva uddisi. Attanā desitasuttattā eva cettha <span class="bld">evaṃ me suta</span>nti na vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Āyasmā sāriputto</span>ti panettha desakabyattibhāvatthaṃ attānaṃ paraṃ viya katvā vuttaṃ. Īdisañhi vacanaṃ loke ganthesu payujjanti. <span class="bld">Pubbaṇhasamaya</span>nti sakalaṃ pubbaṇhasamayaṃ. Accantasaṃyogatthe upayogavacanaṃ. Sesadvayepi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Satisambojjhaṅgo iti ce</span> <a name="M2.0206"></a> <span class="bld">me hotī</span>ti satisambojjhaṅgoti evañce mayhaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Appamāṇoti me hotī</span>ti appamāṇoti evaṃ me hoti. <span class="bld">Susamāraddhoti me hotī</span>ti suṭṭhu paripuṇṇoti evaṃ me hoti. <span class="bld">Tiṭṭhanta</span>nti nibbānārammaṇe pavattivasena tiṭṭhantaṃ. <span class="bld">Cavatī</span>ti nibbānārammaṇato apagacchati. Sesabojjhaṅgesupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rājamahāmattassā</span>ti rañño mahāamaccassa, mahatiyā vā bhogamattāya bhogappamāṇena samannāgatassa. <span class="bld">Nānārattāna</span>nti nānāraṅgarattānaṃ, pūraṇatthe sāmivacanaṃ, nānārattehīti attho. <span class="bld">Dussakaraṇḍako</span>ti dussapeḷā. <span class="bld">Dussayuga</span>nti vatthayugalaṃ. <span class="bld">Pārupitu</span>nti acchādetuṃ. Imasmiṃ suttante therassa phalabojjhaṅgā kathitā. Yadā hi thero satisambojjhaṅgaṃ sīsaṃ katvā phalasamāpattiṃ samāpajjati, tadā itare tadanvayā honti. Yadā dhammavicayādīsu aññataraṃ, tadā sesāpi tadanvayā hontīti evaṃ phalasamāpattiyā attano ciṇṇavasībhāvaṃ dassento thero imaṃ suttantaṃ kathesīti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Suttantaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para21"></a><span class="paranum">21</span>. <span class="bld">Kathaṃ</span> <a name="V2.0191"></a> <span class="bld">satisambojjhaṅgo iti ce hotīti bojjhaṅgo</span>ti satisambojjhaṅgaṃ sīsaṃ katvā phalasamāpattiṃ samāpajjantassa aññesu bojjhaṅgesu vijjamānesu evaṃ ayaṃ satisambojjhaṅgo hotīti iti ce pavattassa kathaṃ so satisambojjhaṅgo hotīti attho. <span class="bld">Yāvatā nirodhūpaṭṭhātī</span>ti yattakena kālena nirodho upaṭṭhāti, yattake kāle ārammaṇato nibbānaṃ upaṭṭhātīti attho. <span class="bld">Yāvatā accī</span>ti yattakena parimāṇena jālā. <span class="bld">Kathaṃ appamāṇo iti ce hotīti bojjhaṅgo</span>ti na appamāṇepi satisambojjhaṅge vijjamāne evaṃ ayaṃ appamāṇo hotīti iti ce pavattassa <a name="P3.0603"></a> so appamāṇo satisambojjhaṅgo kathaṃ hotīti attho. <span class="bld">Pamāṇabaddhā</span>ti kilesā ca pariyuṭṭhānā ca ponobhavikasaṅkhārā ca pamāṇabaddhā nāma honti. ‘‘Rāgopamāṇakaraṇo, doso pamāṇakaraṇo, moho pamāṇakaraṇo’’ti (ma. ni. 1.459) vacanato rāgādayo yassa uppajjanti, ‘‘ayaṃ ettako’’ti tassa pamāṇakaraṇato pamāṇaṃ nāma. Tasmiṃ pamāṇe baddhā paṭibaddhā āyattāti <a name="M2.0207"></a> kilesādayo pamāṇabaddhā nāma honti. <span class="bld">Kilesā</span>ti anusayabhūtā, <span class="bld">pariyuṭṭhānā</span>ti samudācārappattakilesā. <span class="bld">Saṅkhārā ponobhavikā</span>ti punappunaṃ bhavakaraṇaṃ punabhavo, punabhavo sīlametesanti ponabhavikā, ponabhavikā eva ponobhavikā. Kusalākusalakammasaṅkhātā saṅkhārā. <span class="bld">Appamāṇo</span>ti vuttappakārassa pamāṇassa abhāvena appamāṇo. Maggaphalānampi appamāṇattā tato visesanatthaṃ <span class="bld">acalaṭṭhena asaṅkhataṭṭhenā</span>ti vuttaṃ. Bhaṅgābhāvato acalo, paccayābhāvato asaṅkhato. Yo hi acalo asaṅkhato ca, so ativiya pamāṇavirahito hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kathaṃ susamāraddho iti ce hotīti bojjhaṅgo</span>ti anantaraṃ vuttanayena yojetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Visamā</span>ti sayañca visamattā, visamassa ca bhāvassa hetuttā visamā. <span class="bld">Samadhammo</span>ti santaṭṭhena paṇītaṭṭhena samo dhammo. Pamāṇābhāvato <span class="bld">santo</span>. ‘‘Yāvatā, bhikkhave, dhammā saṅkhatā vā asaṅkhatā vā, virāgo tesaṃ dhammānaṃ aggamakkhāyatī’’ti (a. ni. 4.34; itivu. 90) vacanato sabbadhammuttamaṭṭhena <span class="bld">paṇīto</span>. Tasmiṃ samadhammoti vutte susame āraddho <span class="bld">susamāraddho. Āvajjitattā</span>ti phalasamāpattiyā pavattakālaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Anuppādādisaṅkhāte nibbāne manodvārāvajjanassa uppannattāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Tiṭṭhatī</span>ti pavattati. <span class="bld">Uppādā</span>dīni heṭṭhā vuttatthāni. Sesabojjhaṅgamūlakesupi vāresu eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="centered">Bojjhaṅgakathāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">4. Mettākathā</p>
<p class="subhead">Mettākathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para22"></a><span class="paranum">22</span>. Idāni <a name="V2.0192"></a> bojjhaṅgakathānantaraṃ kathitāya bojjhaṅgakathāgatiyā suttantapubbaṅgamāya mettākathāya apubbatthānuvaṇṇanā. Tattha suttante tāva <span class="bld">āsevitāyā</span>ti ādarena sevitāya. <span class="bld">Bhāvitāyā</span>ti <a name="P3.0604"></a> vaḍḍhitāya. <span class="bld">Bahulīkatāyā</span>ti punappunaṃ katāya. <span class="bld">Yānīkatāyā</span>ti yuttayānasadisāya katāya. <span class="bld">Vatthukatāyā</span>ti patiṭṭhānaṭṭhena vatthu viya katāya. <span class="bld">Anuṭṭhitāyā</span>ti paccupaṭṭhitāya. <span class="bld">Paricitāyā</span>ti samantato citāya upacitāya. <span class="bld">Susamāraddhāyā</span>ti suṭṭhu samāraddhāya sukatāya<a name="M2.0208"></a>. <span class="bld">Ānisaṃsā</span>ti guṇā. <span class="bld">Pāṭikaṅkhā</span>ti paṭikaṅkhitabbā icchitabbā. <span class="bld">Sukhaṃ supatī</span>ti yathā sesajanā samparivattamānā kākacchamānā dukkhaṃ supanti, evaṃ asupitvā sukhaṃ supati. Niddaṃ okkantopi samāpattiṃ samāpanno viya hoti. <span class="bld">Sukhaṃ paṭibujjhatī</span>ti yathā aññe nitthunantā vijambhantā samparivattantā dukkhaṃ paṭibujjhanti, evaṃ apaṭibujjhitvā vikasamānamiva padumaṃ sukhaṃ nibbikāraṃ paṭibujjhati. <span class="bld">Na pāpakaṃ supinaṃ passatī</span>ti supinaṃ passantopi bhaddakameva supinaṃ passati. Cetiyaṃ vandanto viya pūjaṃ karonto viya dhammaṃ suṇanto viya ca hoti. Yathā panaññe attānaṃ corehi parivāritaṃ viya vāḷehi upaddutaṃ viya papāte patantaṃ viya ca passanti, na evaṃ pāpakaṃ supinaṃ passati. <span class="bld">Manussānaṃ piyo hotī</span>ti ure āmuttamuttāhāro viya sīse piḷandhamālā viya ca manussānaṃ piyo hoti manāpo. <span class="bld">Amanussānaṃ piyo hotī</span>ti yatheva ca manussānaṃ, evaṃ amanussānampi piyo hoti. <span class="bld">Devatā rakkhantī</span>ti puttamiva mātāpitaro devatā rakkhanti. <span class="bld">Nāssa aggi vā visaṃ vā satthaṃ vā kamatī</span>ti mettāvihārissa kāye aggi vā visaṃ vā satthaṃ vā na kamati na pavisati, nāssa kāyaṃ vikopetīti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Tuvaṭaṃ cittaṃ samādhiyatī</span>ti mettāvihārino khippameva cittaṃ samādhiyati, natthi tassa dandhāyitattaṃ. <span class="bld">Mukhavaṇṇo vippasīdatī</span>ti bandhanā pamuttatālapakkaṃ viya cassa vippasannavaṇṇaṃ mukhaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Asammūḷho kālaṃ karotī</span>ti mettāvihārino sammohamaraṇaṃ nāma natthi, asammūḷho niddaṃ okkamanto viya kālaṃ karoti. <span class="bld">Uttari appaṭivijjhanto</span>ti mettāsamāpattito uttariṃ arahattaṃ adhigantuṃ asakkonto ito cavitvā suttappabuddho viya <span class="bld">brahmalokūpago hotī</span>ti brahmalokaṃ upapajjatīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Mettāniddese <a name="V2.0193"></a> <span class="bld">anodhiso pharaṇā</span>ti odhi mariyādā, na odhi anodhi. Tato anodhiso, anodhitoti attho, nippadesato phusanāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Odhiso</span>ti padesavasena. <span class="bld">Disāpharaṇā</span>ti disāsu pharaṇā. <span class="bld">Sabbe</span>ti anavasesapariyādānaṃ. <span class="bld">Sattā</span>tipadassa attho ñāṇakathāmātikāvaṇṇanāyaṃ vutto, ruḷhīsaddena pana vītarāgesupi ayaṃ vohāro vattati vilīvamayepi bījanivisese tālavaṇṭavohāro viya. <span class="bld">Averā</span>ti verarahitā. <span class="bld">Abyāpajjā</span>ti byāpādarahitā. <span class="bld">Anīghā</span>ti <a name="P3.0605"></a> niddukkhā. Anigghātipi pāṭho. <span class="bld">Sukhī attānaṃ</span> <span class="bld">pariharantū</span>ti <a name="M2.0209"></a> sukhitā hutvā attabhāvaṃ vattayantu. ‘‘Averā’’ti ca sakasantāne ca pare paṭicca, parasantāne ca itare paṭicca verābhāvo dassito, ‘‘abyāpajjā’’tiādīsu verābhāvā tammūlakabyāpādābhāvo, ‘‘anīghā’’ti byāpādābhāvā tammūlakadukkhābhāvo, ‘‘sukhī attānaṃ pariharantū’’ti dukkhābhāvāsukhena attabhāvapariharaṇaṃ dassitanti evamettha vacanasambandho veditabboti. Imesu ca ‘‘averā hontū’’tiādīsu catūsupi vacanesu yaṃ yaṃ pākaṭaṃ hoti, tassa tassa vasena mettāya pharati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pāṇā</span>tiādīsu pāṇanatāya pāṇā, assāsapassāsāyattavuttitāyāti attho. Bhūtattā <span class="bld">bhūtā,</span> abhinibbattāti attho. Puṃ vuccati nirayo, taṃ puṃ galanti gacchantīti <span class="bld">puggalā</span>. Attabhāvo vuccati sarīraṃ, khandhapañcakameva vā, taṃ upādāya paññattimattasabbhāvato, tasmiṃ attabhāve pariyāpannā paricchinnā antogadhāti <span class="bld">attabhāvapariyāpannā</span>. Yathā ca sattāti vacanaṃ, evaṃ sesānipi ruḷhīvasena āropetvā sabbānetāni sabbasattavevacanānīti veditabbāni. Kāmañca aññānipi ‘‘sabbe jantū sabbe jīvā’’tiādīni sabbasattavevacanāni atthi, pākaṭavasena pana imāneva pañca gahetvā ‘‘pañcahākārehi anodhiso pharaṇā mettācetovimuttī’’ti vuccati. Ye pana ‘‘sattā pāṇā’’tiādīnaṃ na kevalaṃ vacanamattatova, atha kho atthatopi nānattameva iccheyyuṃ, tesaṃ anodhiso pharaṇā virujjhati. Tasmā tathā atthaṃ aggahetvā imesu pañcasu ākāresu aññataravasena anodhiso mettāya pharati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Odhiso pharaṇe pana <span class="bld">itthiyo purisā</span>ti liṅgavasena vuttaṃ, <span class="bld">ariyā anariyā</span>ti ariyaputhujjanavasena, <span class="bld">devāmanussā vinipātikā</span>ti upapattivasena. Disāpharaṇepi disāvibhāgaṃ akatvā sabbadisāsu ‘‘sabbe sattā’’tiādinā nayena pharaṇato anodhiso pharaṇā hoti, sabbadisāsu ‘‘sabbā itthiyo’’tiādinā nayena pharaṇato odhiso pharaṇā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā pana ayaṃ tividhāpi mettāpharaṇā appanāpattacittassa vasena vuttā, tasmā tīsu vāresu <a name="V2.0194"></a> appanā gahetabbā. Anodhiso pharaṇe tāva <a name="M2.0210"></a> ‘‘sabbe sattā averā hontū’’ti ekā, ‘‘abyāpajjā hontū’’ti ekā ‘‘anīghā hontū’’ti ekā, ‘‘sukhī attānaṃ pariharantū’’ti ekā. Tānipi hi cattāri hitopasaṃhāravaseneva vuttāni. Hitopasaṃhāralakkhaṇā hi mettā. Iti ‘‘sattā’’tiādīsu pañcasu ākāresu catassannaṃ catassannaṃ appanānaṃ vasena vīsati appanā honti, odhiso pharaṇe ‘‘sabbā itthiyo’’tiādīsu sattasu ākāresu catassannaṃ catassannaṃ vasena aṭṭhavīsati appanā. Disāpharaṇe <a name="P3.0606"></a> pana ‘‘sabbe puratthimāya disāya sattā’’tiādinā nayena ekamekissā disāya vīsati vīsati katvā dve satāni, ‘‘sabbā puratthimāya disāya itthiyo’’tiādinā nayena ekamekissā disāya aṭṭhavīsati aṭṭhavīsati katvā asīti dve satānīti cattāri satāni asīti ca appanā. Iti sabbānipi idha vuttāni aṭṭhavīsādhikāni pañca appanāsatāni honti. Yathā ca mettāya tividhena pharaṇā vuttā, tathā karuṇāmuditāupekkhānampi vuttāva hotīti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Indriyavāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para23"></a><span class="paranum">23</span>. Atha mettūpasaṃhārākāraṃ indriyādiparibhāvanañca dassetuṃ <span class="bld">sabbesaṃ sattānaṃ pīḷanaṃ vajjetvā</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">pīḷana</span>nti abbhantarato sarīrapīḷanaṃ. <span class="bld">Upaghāta</span>nti bāhirato sarīropaghātaṃ. <span class="bld">Santāpa</span>nti yathā tathā vā cittasantāpanaṃ. <span class="bld">Pariyādāna</span>nti pakatiyā jīvitādiparikkhayaṃ. <span class="bld">Vihesa</span>nti parato jīvitaviheṭhanaṃ. <span class="bld">Vajjetvā</span>ti pīḷanādīsu ekekaṃ attano citteneva apanetvā. Imāni pīḷanādīni pañca padāni mettopasaṃhārassa paṭipakkhavivajjanavasena vuttāni, <span class="bld">apīḷanāyā</span>tiādīni mettopasaṃhāravasena. <span class="bld">Apīḷanāyā</span>ti apīḷanākārena, sabbe satte mettāyatīti sambandho. Evaṃ sesesupi. <span class="bld">Mā verino mā dukkhino mā dukkhitattā</span>ti imānipi tīṇi mettopasaṃhārassa paṭipakkhapaṭikkhepavacanāni. Mā-vacanassa mā hontūti attho. <span class="bld">Averino sukhino sukhitattā</span>ti imāni tīṇi mettopasaṃhāravacanāni. ‘‘Abyāpajjā anīghā’’ti idaṃ dvayaṃ ‘‘sukhino’’ti vacanena saṅgahitanti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Sukhitattā</span>ti tasseva sukhassa niccappavattidassanaṃ. ‘‘Sukhitattā’’ti ca ‘‘sukhī attānaṃ pariharantū’’ti ca atthato ekaṃ. ‘‘Apīḷanāyā’’tiādīhi vā abyāpajjānīghavacanāni saṅgahitāni. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhahākārehī</span>ti ‘‘apīḷanāyā’’tiādayo pañca <a name="M2.0211"></a> mettopasaṃhārākārā ‘‘averino hontū’’tiādayo tayo mettopasaṃhārākārāti imehi aṭṭhahākārehi. <span class="bld">Mettāyatī</span>ti siniyhati. <span class="bld">Taṃ dhammaṃ cetayatī</span>ti taṃ hitopasaṃhāraṃ cetayati abhisandahati, pavattetīti attho. <span class="bld">Sabbabyāpādapariyuṭṭhānehi</span> <a name="V2.0195"></a> <span class="bld">vimuccatī</span>ti mettāya paṭipakkhabhūtehi sabbehi byāpādasamudācārehi vikkhambhanato vimuccati. <span class="bld">Mettā ca ceto ca vimutti cā</span>ti ekāyeva mettā tidhā vaṇṇitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Averino khemino sukhino</span>ti imāni tīṇi padāni pubbe vutte ākāre saṅkhepena saṅgahetvā vuttāni. <span class="bld">Saddhāya adhimuccatī</span>tiādinā nayena vuttāni pañcindriyāni mettāya sampayuttāniyeva. <span class="bld">Āsevanā</span>tiādīsu chasu vāresu āsevīyati etehi mettāti āsevanā. Tathā <span class="bld">bhāvanā bahulīkammaṃ. Alaṅkārā</span>ti vibhūsanā. <span class="bld">Svālaṅkatā</span>ti suṭṭhu alaṅkatā bhūsitā. <span class="bld">Parikkhārā</span>ti sambhārā. <span class="bld">Suparikkhatā</span>ti <a name="P3.0607"></a> suṭṭhu sambhatā. <span class="bld">Parivārā</span>ti rakkhanaṭṭhena. Puna āsevanādīni aṭṭhavīsati padāni mettāya vaṇṇabhaṇanatthaṃ vuttāni. Tattha <span class="bld">pāripūrī</span>ti paripuṇṇabhāvā. <span class="bld">Sahagatā</span>ti mettāya sahagatā. Tathā <span class="bld">sahajātā</span>dayo. <span class="bld">Pakkhandanā</span>ti mettāya pavisanā, pakkhandati etehi mettāti vā pakkhandanā. Tathā <span class="bld">saṃsīdanā</span>dayo. <span class="bld">Etaṃ santanti phassanā</span>ti esā mettā santāti etehi phassanā hotīti etaṃ santanti phassanā ‘‘etadagga’’ntiādīsu (a. ni. 1.188 ādayo) viya napuṃsakavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Svādhiṭṭhitā</span>ti suṭṭhu patiṭṭhitā. <span class="bld">Susamuggatā</span>ti suṭṭhu samussitā. <span class="bld">Suvimuttā</span>ti attano attano paccanīkehi suṭṭhu vimuttā. <span class="bld">Nibbattentī</span>ti mettāsampayuttā hutvā mettaṃ nibbattenti. <span class="bld">Jotentī</span>ti pākaṭaṃ karonti. <span class="bld">Patāpentī</span>ti virocenti.</p>
<p class="subhead">2-4. Balādivārattayavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para24-27"></a><span class="paranum">24-27</span>. Indriyavāre vuttanayeneva balavāropi veditabbo. Bojjhaṅgamaggaṅgavārā pariyāyena vuttā, na yathālakkhaṇavasena. Maggaṅgavāre sammāvācākammantājīvā mettāya pubbabhāgavasena vuttā, na appanāvasena. Na hi ete mettāya saha bhavanti. <span class="bld">Sabbesaṃ pāṇāna</span>ntiādīnaṃ sesavārānampi <a name="M2.0212"></a> sattavāre vuttanayeneva attho veditabbo. Mettābhāvanāvidhānaṃ pana visuddhimaggato (visuddhi. 1.240 ādayo) gahetabbanti.</p>
<p class="centered">Mettākathāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">5. Virāgakathā</p>
<p class="subhead">Virāgakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para28"></a><span class="paranum">28</span>. Idāni <a name="V2.0196"></a> maggapayojanapariyosānāya mettākathāya anantaraṃ kathitāya virāgasaṅkhātamaggapubbaṅgamāya virāgakathāya apubbatthānuvaṇṇanā. Tattha paṭhamaṃ tāva ‘‘nibbindaṃ virajjati virāgā vimuccatī’’ti (mahāva 23) vuttānaṃ dvinnaṃ suttantapadānaṃ atthaṃ niddisitukāmena <span class="bld">virāgo maggo, vimutti phala</span>nti uddeso ṭhapito. Tattha paṭhamaṃ vacanatthaṃ tāva niddisitukāmo <span class="bld">kathaṃ virāgo maggo</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">virajjatī</span>ti virattā hoti. Sesāni maggañāṇaniddese vuttatthāni. <span class="bld">Virāgo</span>ti yasmā sammādiṭṭhi virajjati, tasmā virāgo nāmāti attho<a name="P3.0608"></a>. So ca virāgo yasmā virāgārammaṇo…pe… virāge patiṭṭhito, tasmā ca virāgoti evaṃ ‘‘virāgārammaṇo’’tiādīnaṃ pañcannaṃ vacanānaṃ sambandho veditabbo. Tattha <span class="bld">virāgārammaṇo</span>ti nibbānārammaṇo. <span class="bld">Virāgagocaro</span>ti nibbānavisayo. <span class="bld">Virāge samudāgato</span>ti nibbāne samuppanno. <span class="bld">Virāge ṭhito</span>ti pavattivasena nibbāne ṭhito. <span class="bld">Virāge patiṭṭhito</span>ti anivattanavasena nibbāne patiṭṭhito.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nibbānañca virāgo</span>ti nibbānaṃ virāgahetuttā virāgo. <span class="bld">Nibbānārammaṇatājātā</span>ti nibbānārammaṇe jātā, nibbānārammaṇabhāvena vā jātā. Te maggasampayuttā sabbeva phassādayo dhammā virajjanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">virāgā hontī</span>ti virāgā nāma honti. <span class="bld">Sahajātānī</span>ti sammādiṭṭhisahajātāni sammāsaṅkappādīni satta maggaṅgāni. <span class="bld">Virāgaṃ gacchantīti virāgo maggo</span>ti virāgaṃ nibbānaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā gacchantīti virāgārammaṇattā virāgo nāma, magganaṭṭhena maggo nāma hotīti attho. Ekekampi maggaṅgaṃ maggoti nāmaṃ labhati. Iti ekekassa aṅgassa maggatte vutte sammādiṭṭhiyāpi maggattaṃ vuttameva hoti. Tasmāyeva ca <span class="bld">etena maggenā</span>ti aṭṭha maggaṅgāni gahetvā vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Buddhā cā</span>ti paccekabuddhāpi saṅgahitā. Tepi hi ‘‘dveme, bhikkhave, buddhā tathāgato ca arahaṃ sammāsambuddho paccekabuddho cā’’ti (a. ni. 2.57) vuttattā buddhāyeva<a name="M2.0213"></a>. <span class="bld">Agata</span>nti anamatagge saṃsāre agatapubbaṃ. <span class="bld">Disa</span>nti sakalāyapaṭipattiyā dissati apadissati abhisandahīyatīti disā, sabbabuddhehi vā paramaṃ sukhanti dissati apadissati kathīyatīti disā<a name="V2.0197"></a>, sabbadukkhaṃ vā dissanti vissajjenti ujjhanti etāyāti disā. Taṃ disaṃ. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo</span>ti kiṃ vuttaṃ hoti? Yo so aṭṭhaṅgiko dhammasamūho, so etena nibbānaṃ gacchantīti gamanaṭṭhena maggo nāmāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Puthusamaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ parappavādāna</span>nti visuṃ visuṃ samaṇānaṃ brāhmaṇānañca ito aññaladdhikānaṃ. <span class="bld">Aggo</span>ti tesaṃ sesamaggānaṃ visiṭṭho. <span class="bld">Seṭṭho</span>ti sesamaggato ativiya pasaṃsanīyo. <span class="bld">Mokkho</span>ti mukhe sādhu, sesamaggānaṃ abhimukhe ayameva sādhūti attho. <span class="bld">Uttamo</span>ti sesamagge ativiya uttiṇṇo. <span class="bld">Pavaro</span>ti sesamaggato nānappakārehi saṃbhajanīyo. <span class="bld">Itī</span>ti kāraṇatthe nipāto. Tasmā bhagavatā ‘‘maggānaṃ aṭṭhaṅgiko seṭṭho’’ti vuttoti adhippāyo. Vuttañhi bhagavatā –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Maggānaṭṭhaṅgiko seṭṭho, saccānaṃ caturo padā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Virāgo seṭṭho dhammānaṃ, dvipadānañca cakkhumā’’ti. (dha. pa. 273);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Taṃ idha vicchinditvā ‘‘maggānaṃ aṭṭhaṅgiko seṭṭho’’ti vuttaṃ. Sesavāresupi <a name="P3.0609"></a> iminā ca nayena heṭṭhā vuttanayena ca attho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dassanavirāgo</span>tiādīsu dassanasaṅkhāto virāgo dassanavirāgo. Indriyaṭṭhato balassa visiṭṭhattā idha indriyato balaṃ paṭhamaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Ādhipateyyaṭṭhena indriyānī</span>tiādi indriyādīnaṃ atthavibhāvanā, na virāgassa. <span class="bld">Tathaṭṭhena saccā</span>ti saccañāṇaṃ veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Sīlavisuddhī</span>ti sammāvācākammantājīvā. <span class="bld">Cittavisuddhī</span>ti sammāsamādhi. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhivisuddhī</span>ti sammādiṭṭhisaṅkappā. <span class="bld">Vimuttaṭṭhenā</span>ti taṃtaṃmaggavajjhakilesehi muttaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Vijjā</span>ti sammādiṭṭhi. <span class="bld">Vimuttī</span>ti samucchedavimutti. <span class="bld">Amatogadhaṃ nibbānaṃ pariyosānaṭṭhena maggo</span>ti maggaphalapaccavekkhaṇāhi maggīyatīti maggo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Imasmiṃ virāganiddese vuttā dhammā sabbepi maggakkhaṇeyeva. Vimuttiniddese phalakkhaṇe. Tasmā chandamanasikārāpi maggaphalasampayuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para29"></a><span class="paranum">29</span>. Virāganiddese <a name="M2.0214"></a> vuttanayeneva vimuttiniddesepi attho veditabbo. Phalaṃ panettha paṭippassaddhivimuttattā <span class="bld">vimutti,</span> nibbānaṃ nissaraṇavimuttattā vimutti. ‘‘Sahajātāni sattaṅgānī’’tiādīni vacanāni idha na labbhantīti na vuttāni. Sayaṃ phalavimuttattā <span class="bld">pariccāgaṭṭhena vimuttī</span>ti ettakameva vuttaṃ. Sesaṃ vuttanayamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Virāgakathāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">6. Paṭisambhidākathā</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Dhammacakkapavattanavāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para30"></a><span class="paranum">30</span>. Idāni <a name="V2.0198"></a> virāgasaṅkhātamaggavasena siddhaṃ paṭisambhidāpabhedaṃ dassentena kathitāya dhammacakkappavattanasuttantapubbaṅgamāya paṭisambhidākathāya apubbatthānuvaṇṇanā. Suttante tāva <span class="bld">bārāṇasiya</span>nti bārāṇasā nāma nadī, bārāṇasāya avidūre bhavā nagarī bārāṇasī. Tassaṃ bārāṇasiyaṃ. <span class="bld">Isipatane migadāye</span>ti isīnaṃ patanuppatanavasena evaṃladdhanāme migānaṃ abhayadānadinnaṭṭhānattā migadāyasaṅkhāte ārāme. Tattha hi uppannuppannā sabbaññuisayo patanti, dhammacakkappavattanatthaṃ nisīdantīti attho. Nandamūlakapabbhārato sattāhaccayena nirodhasamāpattito vuṭṭhitā anotattadahe katamukhadhovanakiccā ākāsena āgantvā paccekabuddhaisayopettha samosaraṇavasena patanti<a name="P3.0610"></a>, uposathatthañca anuposathatthañca sannipatanti, gandhamādanaṃ paṭigacchantā ca tato ca uppatantītipi iminā isīnaṃ patanuppatanavasena taṃ ‘‘isipatana’’nti vuccati. ‘‘Isipadana’’ntipi pāṭho. <span class="bld">Pañcavaggiye</span>ti –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Koṇḍañño bhaddiyo vappo, mahānāmo ca assaji;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Ete pañca mahātherā, pañcavaggāti vuccare’’ti. –</p>
<p class="unindented">Evaṃ vuttānaṃ pañcannaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ vaggo pañcavaggo. Tasmiṃ pañcavagge bhavā taṃpariyāpannattāti pañcavaggiyā, te pañcavaggiye. <span class="bld">Bhikkhū āmantesī</span>ti dīpaṅkaradasabalassa pādamūle katābhinīhārato paṭṭhāya pāramiyo pūrento <a name="M2.0215"></a> anupubbena pacchimabhavaṃ patvā pacchimabhave ca katābhinikkhamano anupubbena bodhimaṇḍaṃ patvā tattha aparājitapallaṅke nisinno mārabalaṃ bhinditvā paṭhamayāme pubbenivāsaṃ anussaritvā majjhimayāme dibbacakkhuṃ visodhetvā pacchimayāmāvasāne dasasahassilokadhātuṃ unnādento sampakampento sabbaññutaṃ patvā satta sattāhāni bodhimaṇḍe vītināmetvā mahābrahmunā āyācitadhammadesanā buddhacakkhunā lokaṃ voloketvā <a name="V2.0199"></a> lokānuggahena bārāṇasiṃ gantvā pañcavaggiye bhikkhū saññāpetvā dhammacakkaṃ pavattetukāmo āmantesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dveme, bhikkhave, antā</span>ti dveme, bhikkhave, koṭṭhāsā. Imassa pana vacanassa samudāhārena samudāhāranigghoso heṭṭhā avīciṃ upari bhavaggaṃ patvā dasasahassiṃ lokadhātuṃ pattharitvā aṭṭhāsi, tasmiṃyeva samaye aṭṭhārasakoṭisaṅkhā brahmāno samāgacchiṃsu. Pacchimadisāya sūriyo atthaṅgameti, puratthimāya disāya uttarāsāḷhanakkhattena yutto puṇṇacando uggacchati. Tasmiṃ samaye bhagavā dhammacakkappavattanasuttantaṃ ārabhanto ‘‘dveme, bhikkhave, antā’’tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">pabbajitenā</span>ti gihisaṃyojanaṃ vatthukāmaṃ chetvā pabbajitena. <span class="bld">Na sevitabbā</span>ti na valañjetabbā. Pabbajitānaṃyeva visesato paṭipattiyā bhājanabhūtattā ‘‘pabbajitena na sevitabbā’’ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Yo cāyaṃ kāmesu kāmasukhallikānuyogo</span>ti yo ca ayaṃ vatthukāmesu kilesakāmasukhassa, kilesakāmasukhanissayassa vā anuyogo. <span class="bld">Hīno</span>ti lāmako. <span class="bld">Gammo</span>ti gāmavāsīnaṃ santako. <span class="bld">Pothujjaniko</span>ti puthujjanena andhabālajanena āciṇṇo. <span class="bld">Anariyo</span>ti na ariyo. Atha vā na visuddhānaṃ uttamānaṃ ariyānaṃ santako. <span class="bld">Anatthasaṃhito</span>ti na atthasaṃhito, sukhāvahakāraṇaṃ anissitoti attho. <span class="bld">Attakilamathānuyogo</span>ti attano kilamathassa anuyogo<a name="P3.0611"></a>, attano dukkhakaraṇanti attho. <span class="bld">Dukkho</span>ti kaṇṭakāpassayaseyyādīhi attamāraṇehi dukkhāvaho. Tapassīhi ‘‘uttamaṃ tapo’’ti gahitattā tesaṃ cittānurakkhanatthaṃ idha ‘‘hīno’’ti na vuttaṃ, pabbajitānaṃ dhammattā ‘‘gammo’’ti ca, gihīhi asādhāraṇattā ‘‘pothujjaniko’’ti ca na vuttaṃ. Tattha pana kehici pabbajitapaṭiññehi diṭṭhadhammanibbānavādehi ‘‘yato kho, bho<a name="M2.0216"></a>, ayaṃ attā pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappito samaṅgibhūto paricāreti, ettāvatā kho, bho, ayaṃ attā diṭṭhadhammanibbānappatto hotī’’ti (dī. ni. 1.94) gahitattā tesaṃ cittānurakkhanatthañca paccuppanne sukhattā ca tassa dhammasamādānassa ‘‘dukkho’’ti na vuttaṃ. Kāmasukhallikānuyogo paccuppanne taṇhādiṭṭhisaṃkiliṭṭhasukhattā āyatiñca dukkhavipākattā tadanuyuttānaṃ taṇhādiṭṭhibandhanabaddhattā ca na sevitabbo, attakilamathānuyogo paccuppanne diṭṭhisaṃkiliṭṭhadukkhattā āyatiñca dukkhavipākattā tadanuyuttānaṃ diṭṭhibandhanabaddhattā ca na sevitabbo, <span class="bld">ete kho</span>ti te ete. <span class="bld">Anupagammā</span>ti na upagantvā. <span class="bld">Majjhimā</span>ti saṃkiliṭṭhasukhadukkhānaṃ abhāvā majjhe bhavāti majjhimā. Sā eva nibbānaṃ paṭipajjanti etāyāti <span class="bld">paṭipadā. Abhisambuddhā</span>ti paṭividdhā. <span class="bld">Cakkhukaraṇī</span>tiādīsu paññācakkhuṃ karotīti cakkhukaraṇī. <span class="bld">Ñāṇakaraṇī</span>ti tasseva vevacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Upasamāyā</span>ti kilesūpasamāya. <span class="bld">Abhiññāyā</span>ti catunnaṃ <a name="V2.0200"></a> saccānaṃ abhijānanatthāya. <span class="bld">Sambodhāyā</span>ti tesaṃyeva sambujjhanatthāya. <span class="bld">Nibbānāyā</span>ti nibbānasacchikiriyatthāya. Atha vā dassanamaggañāṇaṃ karotīti <span class="bld">cakkhukaraṇī</span>. Bhāvanāmaggañāṇaṃ karotīti <span class="bld">ñāṇakaraṇī</span>. Sabbakilesānaṃ <span class="bld">upasamāya</span>. Sabbadhammānaṃ <span class="bld">abhiññāya</span>. Arahattaphala<span class="bld">sambodhāya</span>. Kilesānañca khandhānañca <span class="bld">nibbānāya</span>. Saccakathā abhiññeyyaniddese vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ bhagavā saccāni pakāsetvā attani katabahumānānaṃ tesaṃ attano paṭivedhakkamaṃ sutvā paṭipattiyā bahumānāropanena paṭipattiyaṃ ṭhatvā saccappaṭivedhaṃ passanto <span class="bld">idaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccanti me, bhikkhave</span>tiādinā attano paṭivedhakkamaṃ dassesi. Tattha <span class="bld">ananussutesū</span>ti na anussutesu, paraṃ anugantvā assutesūti attho. <span class="bld">Cakkhū</span>tiādīnaṃ attho parato āvi bhavissati. <span class="bld">Idaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ, idaṃ dukkhasamudayaṃ, idaṃ dukkhanirodhaṃ, idaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasacca</span>nti catunnaṃ saccānaṃ dassanapaṭivedho sekhabhūmiyaṃ. <span class="bld">Pariññeyyaṃ pahātabbaṃ sacchikātabbaṃ bhāvetabba</span>nti catunnaṃ saccānaṃ bhāvanāpaṭivedho <a name="P3.0612"></a> sekhabhūmiyaṃyeva. <span class="bld">Pariññātaṃ pahīnaṃ sacchikataṃ bhāvita</span>nti catunnaṃ saccānaṃ paccavekkhaṇā asekhabhūmiyaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tiparivaṭṭa</span>nti saccañāṇakiccañāṇakatañāṇasaṅkhātānaṃ tiṇṇaṃ parivaṭṭānaṃ vasena tayo parivaṭṭā assāti tiparivaṭṭaṃ. Ettha hi ‘‘idaṃ dukkhaṃ, idaṃ dukkhasamudayaṃ<a name="M2.0217"></a>, idaṃ dukkhanirodhaṃ, idaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasacca’’nti evaṃ catūsu saccesu yathābhūtañāṇaṃ <span class="bld">saccañāṇaṃ</span> nāma. Tesuyeva ‘‘pariññeyyaṃ pahātabbaṃ sacchikātabbaṃ bhāvetabba’’nti evaṃ kattabbakiccajānanañāṇaṃ <span class="bld">kiccañāṇaṃ</span> nāma. ‘‘Pariññātaṃ pahīnaṃ sacchikataṃ bhāvita’’nti evaṃ tassa kiccassa katabhāvajānanañāṇaṃ <span class="bld">katañāṇaṃ</span> nāma. <span class="bld">Dvādasākāra</span>nti tesaṃyeva ekekasmiṃ sacce tiṇṇaṃ tiṇṇaṃ ākārānaṃ vasena dvādasa ākārā assāti dvādasākāraṃ. <span class="bld">Ñāṇadassana</span>nti etesaṃ tiparivaṭṭānaṃ dvādasannaṃ ākārānaṃ vasena uppannaṃ ñāṇasaṅkhātaṃ dassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Attamanā</span>ti sakamanā. Sattānañhi sukhakāmattā dukkhapaṭikūlattā pītisomanassayuttamano sakamano nāma, pītisomanassehi attamanā gahitamanā byāpitamanāti vā attho. <span class="bld">Abhinandu</span>nti abhimukhā hutvā nandiṃsu. <span class="bld">Veyyākaraṇe</span>ti suttante. Niggāthako hi suttanto kevalaṃ atthassa byākaraṇato veyyākaraṇaṃ nāma. <span class="bld">Bhaññamāne</span>ti kathiyamāne. Vattamānasamīpe vattamānavacanaṃ kataṃ, bhaṇiteti attho. <span class="bld">Viraja</span>nti vigatarāgādirajaṃ. <span class="bld">Vītamala</span>nti vigatarāgādimalaṃ. Rāgādayo hi ajjhottharaṇaṭṭhena rajo nāma, dūsanaṭṭhena malaṃ nāma. <span class="bld">Dhammacakkhu</span>nti katthaci paṭhamamaggañāṇaṃ, katthaci ādīni tīṇi maggañāṇāni, katthaci catutthamaggañāṇampi<a name="V2.0201"></a>. Idha pana paṭhamamaggañāṇameva. <span class="bld">Yaṃ kiñci samudayadhammaṃ, sabbaṃ taṃ nirodhadhamma</span>nti vipassanāvasena evaṃ pavattassa dhammacakkhuṃ udapādīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dhammacakke</span>ti paṭivedhañāṇe ca desanāñāṇe ca. Bodhipallaṅke nisinnassa hi bhagavato catūsu saccesu dvādasākāraṃ paṭivedhañāṇampi isipatane nisinnassa dvādasākārameva saccadesanāya pavattakadesanāñāṇampi dhammacakkaṃ nāma. Ubhayampi hetaṃ dasabalassa pavattañāṇameva. Taṃ imāya desanāya pakāsentena bhagavatā dhammacakkaṃ pavattitaṃ nāma. Taṃ panetaṃ dhammacakkaṃ yāva aññātakoṇḍaññatthero aṭṭhārasahi brahmakoṭīhi saddhiṃ sotāpattiphale na patiṭṭhāti, tāva bhagavā pavatteti nāma, patiṭṭhite pana pavattitaṃ nāma. Taṃ sandhāya ‘‘pavattite ca bhagavatā dhammacakke’’ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhummā</span> <a name="P3.0613"></a> <span class="bld">devā</span>ti bhūmaṭṭhakā devā. <span class="bld">Saddamanussāvesu</span>nti ekappahāreneva sādhukāraṃ datvā <span class="bld">etaṃ bhagavatā</span>tiādīni vadantā saddaṃ anussāvayiṃsu. <span class="bld">Appaṭivattiya</span>nti <a name="M2.0218"></a> ‘‘nayidaṃ tathā’’ti paṭilomaṃ vattetuṃ asakkuṇeyyaṃ. Sannipatitā cettha devabrahmāno desanāpariyosāne ekappahāreneva sādhukāraṃ adaṃsu, sannipātaṃ anāgatā pana bhummadevādayo tesaṃ tesaṃ saddaṃ sutvā sādhukāramadaṃsūti veditabbaṃ. Tesu pana pabbatarukkhādīsu nibbattā bhummadevā. Te cātumahārājikapariyāpannā hontāpi idha visuṃ katvā vuttā. <span class="bld">Cātumahārājikā</span>ti ca dhataraṭṭhavirūḷhakavirūpakkhakuverasaṅkhātā catumahārājā devatā etesanti cātumahārājikā. Te sineruvemajjhe honti. Tesu pabbataṭṭhakāpi atthi ākāsaṭṭhakāpi. Tesaṃ paramparā cakkavāḷapabbataṃ pattā. Khiḍḍāpadosikā manopadosikā sītavalāhakā uṇhavalāhakā candimā devaputto sūriyo devaputtoti ete sabbepi cātumahārājikadevalokaṭṭhā eva. Tettiṃsa janā tattha uppannāti <span class="bld">tāvatiṃsā</span>. Apica ‘‘tāvatiṃsā’’ti tesaṃ devānaṃ nāmamevātipi vuttaṃ. Tepi atthi pabbataṭṭhakā atthi ākāsaṭṭhakā. Tesaṃ paramparā cakkavāḷapabbataṃ pattā, tathā yāmādīnaṃ. Ekadevalokepi hi devānaṃ paramparā cakkavāḷapabbataṃ appattā nāma natthi. Dibbaṃ sukhaṃ yātā payātā sampattāti <span class="bld">yāmā</span>. Tuṭṭhā pahaṭṭhāti <span class="bld">tusitā</span>. Pakatipaṭiyattārammaṇato atirekena ramitukāmakāle yathārucite bhoge nimminitvā nimminitvā ramantīti <span class="bld">nimmānaratī</span>. Cittācāraṃ ñatvā paranimmitesu bhogesu vasaṃ vattentīti <span class="bld">paranimmitavasavattī</span>. Brahmakāye brahmaghaṭāya niyuttāti <span class="bld">brahmakāyikā</span>. Sabbepi pañcavokārabrahmāno gahitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tena khaṇenā</span>ti vacanaṃ visesetvā <span class="bld">tena muhuttenā</span>ti vuttaṃ. Muhuttasaṅkhātena khaṇena, na paramatthakhaṇenāti <a name="V2.0202"></a> vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Yāva brahmalokā</span>ti brahmalokaṃ antokatvā. <span class="bld">Saddo</span>ti sādhukārasaddo. <span class="bld">Dasasahassī</span>ti dasasahassacakkavāḷavatī. <span class="bld">Saṅkampī</span>ti uddhaṃ uggacchantī suṭṭhu kampi. <span class="bld">Sampakampī</span>ti uddhaṃ uggacchantī adho okkamantī suṭṭhu pakampi. <span class="bld">Sampavedhī</span>ti catudisā gacchantī suṭṭhu pavedhi. Sambuddhabhāvāya mātukucchiṃ okkamante ca bodhisatte tato nikkhamante ca mahāpathavī puññatejena akampittha, abhisambodhiyaṃ paṭivedhañāṇatejena. Dhammacakkappavattane desanāñāṇatejena sādhukāraṃ dātukāmā <a name="P3.0614"></a> viya pathavī devatānubhāvena akampittha, āyusaṅkhārossajjane mahāparinibbāne ca kāruññena cittasaṅkhobhaṃ asahamānā <a name="M2.0219"></a> viya pathavī devatānubhāvena akampittha. <span class="bld">Appamāṇo</span>ti vuddhappamāṇo. <span class="bld">Uḷāro</span>ti ettha ‘‘uḷārāni uḷārāni khādanīyāni khādantī’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.366) madhuraṃ uḷāranti vuttaṃ. ‘‘Uḷārāya vatthabhogāya cittaṃ na namatī’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 9.20) paṇītaṃ uḷāranti vuttaṃ. ‘‘Uḷārāya khalu bhavaṃ vacchāyano samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ pasaṃsāya pasaṃsatī’’tiādīsu seṭṭhaṃ uḷāranti vuttaṃ. Idha pana ‘‘vipulo uḷāro’’ti vutto. <span class="bld">Obhāso</span>ti desanāñāṇānubhāvena ca devatānubhāvena ca jātaobhāso. <span class="bld">Loke</span>ti cakkavāḷassa dasasahassiyaṃyeva. <span class="bld">Atikkammeva devānaṃ devānubhāva</span>nti devānaṃ ayamānubhāvo – nivatthavatthappabhā dvādasa yojanāni pharati, tathā sarīrassa alaṅkārassa vimānassa ca. Taṃ devānaṃ devānubhāvaṃ atikkamitvāyevāti attho. <span class="bld">Udāna</span>nti somanassañāṇamayikaṃ udāhāraṃ. <span class="bld">Udānesī</span>ti udāhari. <span class="bld">Aññāsi vata, bho koṇḍañño</span>ti imassapi udānassa udāharaṇaghoso dasasahassilokadhātuṃ pharitvā aṭṭhāsi. <span class="bld">Aññāsikoṇḍañño</span>ti bhusaṃ ñātakoṇḍaññoti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Cakkhuādīnaṃ niddese <span class="bld">dassanaṭṭhenā</span>tiādīsu ekameva ñāṇaṃ yathāvuttassa neyyassa cakkhu viya dassanakiccakaraṇena <span class="bld">cakkhu</span>. Ñāṇakiccakaraṇena <span class="bld">ñāṇaṃ</span>. Nānappakārato jānanakiccakaraṇena <span class="bld">paññā</span>. Anavasesapaṭivedhakaraṇena <span class="bld">vijjā</span>. Sabbathā obhāsakiccakaraṇena <span class="bld">āloko</span> nāmāti attho. <span class="bld">Cakkhuṃ dhammo</span>tiādīsupi ekaṃyeva ñāṇaṃ kiccanānattena pañcadhā vaṇṇitaṃ. <span class="bld">Ārammaṇā</span>ti upatthambhanaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Gocarā</span>ti visayaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Dassanaṭṭhenā</span>tiādīsu ñāṇakiccaṃ pañcadhā vuttaṃ. Iminā nayena tīsu vāresu ekekasmiṃ pañca pañca katvā pannarasa dhammā, pannarasa atthā, dvīsu pannarasakesu tiṃsa niruttiyo, pannarasasu dhammesu pannarasasu atthesu tiṃsāya niruttīsūti saṭṭhi ñāṇāni veditabbāni. Sesaariyasaccesupi eseva nayo. Catūsu ariyasaccesu ekekasmiṃ ariyasacce pannarasannaṃ pannarasannaṃ dhammānaṃ atthānañca vasena saṭṭhi dhammā, saṭṭhi atthā, saṭṭhiyā dhammesu saṭṭhiyā atthesu ca vīsasataṃ niruttiyo, vīsādhikaṃ satanti <a name="V2.0203"></a> attho. Saṭṭhiyā dhammesu saṭṭhiyā atthesu vīsuttarasate niruttīsūti evaṃ cattārīsañca dve ca ñāṇasatāni.</p>
<p class="subhead">2-3. Satipaṭṭhānavārādivaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para31-32"></a><span class="paranum">31-32</span>. Satipaṭṭhānasuttantapubbaṅgame <a name="P3.0615"></a><a name="M2.0220"></a> iddhipādasuttantapubbaṅgame ca paṭisambhidāniddese imināva nayena attho ca gaṇanā ca veditabbā.</p>
<p class="subhead">4-8. Sattabodhisattavārādivaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para33-37"></a><span class="paranum">33-37</span>. Sattannaṃ bodhisattānaṃ suttantesu ekekasmiṃyeva samudaye cakkhādayo pañca, nirodhe pañcāti dasa dhammā, samudaye dassanaṭṭhādayo pañca, nirodhe pañcāti dasa atthā, tesaṃ vasena vīsati niruttiyo cattārīsaṃ ñāṇāni. Satta ekato katvā vuttagaṇanā suviññeyyā eva. Sabbaññutaññāṇavasena vuttapaṭisambhidāniddese ekekamūlakesu ‘‘ñāto diṭṭho vidito sacchikato phassito paññāyā’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.121) imesu pañcasu vacanesu ekekasmiṃyeva cakkhādayo pañca, dassanaṭṭhādayo pañcāti pañcapañcakānaṃ vasena pañcavīsati dhammā, pañcavīsati atthā, taddiguṇā niruttiyo, taddiguṇāni ñāṇāni ñeyyāni. Pañca ekato katvā vuttavārepi pañcakkhattuṃ pañca pañcavīsati katvā pañcavīsasataṃ dhammā, pañcavīsasataṃ atthā, taddiguṇā niruttiyo, taddiguṇāni ñāṇāni ñeyyāni. <span class="bld">Aḍḍhateyyānī</span>ti cettha dve satāni ca paññāsañca. Khandhādīsupi eseva nayo. Imināva nayena saccavārapaṭisambhidāvāre ca dhammādigaṇanā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="subhead">9. Chabuddhadhammavāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para38"></a><span class="paranum">38</span>. Buddhadhammavāre <span class="bld">diyaḍḍhasata</span>nti chakkhattuṃ pañcavīsati satañca paññāsañca honti, taddiguṇā niruttiyo taddiguṇāni ñāṇāni. <span class="bld">Paṭisambhidādhikaraṇe</span>ti paṭisambhidādhikāre. <span class="bld">Aḍḍhanavadhammasatānī</span>ti paṭhamaṃ vuttesu catūsu saccesu saṭṭhi, catūsu satipaṭṭhānesu saṭṭhi, catūsu sammappadhānesu saṭṭhi, sattabodhisattaveyyākaraṇesu sattati, abhiññaṭṭhādīsu pañcasu pañcavīsasataṃ, khandhaṭṭhādīsu <a name="V2.0204"></a> pañcasu pañcavīsasataṃ, puna catūsu ariyasaccesu sataṃ, catūsu paṭisambhidāsu sataṃ, chasu buddhadhammesu diyaḍḍhasatanti evaṃ aṭṭhasatāni ca paññāsañca dhammā honti. Evaṃ atthāpi tattakā eva honti. Evameva saccādīsu tīsu ṭhānesu vīsasataṃ niruttiyo, sattasu veyyākaraṇesu cattārīsasataṃ niruttiyo, abhiññaṭṭhādīsu khandhaṭṭhādīsu ca aḍḍhateyyāni <a name="M2.0221"></a> aḍḍhateyyāni niruttisatāni, ariyasaccesu paṭisambhidāsu ca dve dve niruttisatāni, buddhadhammesu tīṇi niruttisatānīti evaṃ niruttisahassañca sattaniruttisatāni ca honti. Evameva saccādīsu tīsu ṭhānesu cattārīsādhikāni dve dve ñāṇasatāni, sattasu veyyākaraṇesu asītiadhikāni dve ñāṇasatāni, abhiññaṭṭhādīsu khandhaṭṭhādīsu ca pañcapañcañāṇasatāni<a name="P3.0616"></a>, saccesu paṭisambhidāsu ca cattāri cattāri ñāṇasatāni, buddhadhammesu cha ñāṇasatānīti evaṃ tīṇi ca ñāṇasahassāni cattāri ca ñāṇasatāni hontīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Paṭisambhidākathāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">7. Dhammacakkakathā</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Saccavāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para39"></a><span class="paranum">39</span>. Puna <a name="V2.0205"></a> dhammacakkappavattanasuttantameva pubbaṅgamaṃ katvā kathitāya dhammacakkakathāya apubbatthānuvaṇṇanā. Tattha <span class="bld">dukkhavatthukā</span>ti ekābhisamayavasena dukkhaṃ vatthu etesanti dukkhavatthukā. Tadeva dukkhaṃ visesetvā <span class="bld">saccavatthukā</span>tiādimāha. Tattha saccaṃ ārammaṇaṃ upatthambho etesanti <span class="bld">saccārammaṇā</span>. Saccaṃ gocaro visayo etesanti <span class="bld">saccagocarā. Saccasaṅgahitā</span>ti maggasaccena saṅgahitā. <span class="bld">Saccapariyāpannā</span>ti maggasaccāyattā. <span class="bld">Sacce samudāgatā</span>ti dukkhaparijānanena dukkhasacce samuppannā. Tathā tattheva <span class="bld">ṭhitā patiṭṭhitā</span> ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para40"></a><span class="paranum">40</span>. Idāni ‘‘pavattite ca bhagavatā dhammacakke’’ti vuttaṃ dhammacakkaṃ niddisitukāmo <span class="bld">dhammacakka</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha duvidhaṃ dhammacakkaṃ paṭivedhadhammacakkaṃ desanādhammacakkañca. <span class="bld">Paṭivedhadhammacakkaṃ</span> bodhipallaṅke, <span class="bld">desanādhammacakkaṃ</span> isipatane. <span class="bld">Dhammañca pavatteti cakkañcā</span>ti paṭivedhadhammacakkaṃ vuttaṃ, <span class="bld">cakkañca pavatteti dhammañcā</span>ti desanādhammacakkaṃ. Kathaṃ? Bhagavā hi bodhipallaṅke nisinno maggakkhaṇe indriyabalabojjhaṅgamaggaṅgādibhedaṃ dhammañca pavatteti, soyeva ca dhammo kilesasattughātāya pavattanato paharaṇacakkaṃ viyāti <a name="M2.0222"></a> cakkañca. Dhammaṃ pavattentoyeva bhagavā taṃ cakkaṃ pavatteti nāma. Etena dhammoyeva cakkanti kammadhārayasamāsatā vuttā hoti. Isipatane nisinno bhagavā dhammadesanakkhaṇe veneyyasantāne kilesasattughātāya pavattanato paharaṇacakkasadisaṃ desanācakkañca pavatteti, veneyyasantāne indriyabalabojjhaṅgamaggaṅgādibhedaṃ dhammacakkañca pavatteti. Etena dhammo ca cakkañca dhammacakkanti dvandasamāsatā vuttā hoti. Yasmā pana pavattake sati pavattanā nāma hoti, tasmā sabbatthāpi ‘‘pavattetī’’ti vuttaṃ, pavattanaṭṭhena pana ‘‘cakka’’nti vuttaṃ hotīti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Dhammena pavattetīti dhammacakka</span>ntiādīni desanādhammacakkameva sandhāya vuttānīti veditabbāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="P3.0617"></a> <span class="bld">dhammena pavattetī</span>ti yathāsabhāvattā dhammena pavattaṃ cakkanti dhammacakkanti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Dhammacariyāya pavattetī</span>ti veneyyasantāne dhammatthāya pavattaṃ cakkanti dhammacakkanti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Dhamme ṭhito</span>tiādīhi <a name="V2.0206"></a> bhagavato dhammabhūtatā dhammassāmitā ca vuttā hoti. Yathāha – ‘‘so hāvuso, bhagavā jānaṃ jānāti passaṃ passati cakkhubhūto ñāṇabhūto dhammabhūto brahmabhūto vattā pavattā atthassa ninnetā amatassa dātā dhammassāmī tathāgato’’ti (ma. ni. 1.203). Tasmā tehi dhammassa cakkanti dhammacakkanti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Ṭhito</span>ti visayībhāvena ṭhito. <span class="bld">Patiṭṭhito</span>ti acalabhāvena patiṭṭhito. <span class="bld">Vasippatto</span>ti issarabhāvaṃ patto. <span class="bld">Pāramippatto</span>ti koṭippatto. <span class="bld">Vesārajjappatto</span>ti visāradabhāvaṃ patto. <span class="bld">Dhamme patiṭṭhāpento</span>tiādīhi veneyyasantānamapekkhitvā vuttehi pana vacanehi dhammassāmitāya ca dhammatthāya cakkanti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Dhammaṃ sakkaronto</span>tihaādīhi dhammatthāya cakkanti vuttaṃ hoti. Yo hi dhammaṃ sakkārādivasena pavatteti, so dhammatthaṃ pavatteti. <span class="bld">Dhammaṃ sakkaronto</span>ti yathā kato so dhammo sukato hoti, evameva naṃ karonto. <span class="bld">Dhammaṃ garuṃ karonto</span>ti tasmiṃ gāravuppattiyā taṃ garuṃ karonto. <span class="bld">Dhammaṃ mānento</span>ti dhammaṃ piyañca bhāvanīyañca katvā viharanto. <span class="bld">Dhammaṃ pūjento</span>ti taṃ apadisitvā desanāpaṭipattipūjāya pūjaṃ karonto. <span class="bld">Dhammaṃ apacāyamāno</span>ti tasseva dhammassa sakkāragarukārehi nīcavuttitaṃ karonto. <span class="bld">Dhammaddhajo dhammaketū</span>ti taṃ dhammaṃ dhajamiva purakkhatvā ketumiva ca ukkhipitvā pavattiyā dhammaddhajo dhammaketu <a name="M2.0223"></a> ca hutvāti attho. <span class="bld">Dhammādhipateyyo</span>ti dhammādhipatito āgato bhāvanādhammavaseneva ca sabbakiriyānaṃ karaṇena dhammādhipateyyo hutvā. <span class="bld">Taṃ kho pana dhammacakkaṃ appaṭivattiya</span>nti kenaci nivattetuṃ asakkuṇeyyatāya appaṭihatapavattitā vuttā. Tasmā so dhammo pavattanaṭṭhena cakkanti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saddhindriyaṃ dhammo, taṃ dhammaṃ pavattetī</span>ti veneyyasantāne maggasampayuttasaddhindriyuppādanena taṃ saddhindriyaṃ dhammaṃ pavattetīti attho. Eseva nayo sesesupi. <span class="bld">Saccā</span>ti saccañāṇāni. Vipassanā ca vijjā ca maggañāṇameva. <span class="bld">Anuppāde ñāṇa</span>nti arahattaphale ñāṇaṃ. Tampi veneyyasantāne pavattetiyeva, nibbānañca paṭivedhaṃ karonto pavattetiyeva nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Samudayavārādīsu <a name="P3.0618"></a> <span class="bld">samudayavatthukā nirodhavatthukā maggavatthukā</span>ti visesapadaṃ dassetvā saṅkhittā. Etthāpi vuttasadisaṃ paṭhamaṃ vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">2-3. Satipaṭṭhānavārādivaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para41-42"></a><span class="paranum">41-42</span>. Satipaṭṭhānaiddhipādapubbaṅgamavārāpi maggakkhaṇavasena vuttā. Tepi tattha tattha visesapadaṃ dassetvā saṅkhittāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Dhammacakkakathāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">8. Lokuttarakathā</p>
<p class="subhead">Lokuttarakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para43"></a><span class="paranum">43</span>. Idāni <a name="V2.0207"></a> lokuttaradhammavatiyā dhammacakkakathāya anantaraṃ kathitāya lokuttarakathāya apubbatthānuvaṇṇanā. Tattha lokuttarapadassa attho niddesavāre āvi bhavissati. <span class="bld">Cattāro satipaṭṭhānā</span>tiādayo sattatiṃsa bodhipakkhiyadhammā yathāyogaṃ maggaphalasampayuttā. Te bujjhanaṭṭhena bodhīti evaṃladdhanāmassa ariyassa pakkhe bhavattā bodhipakkhiyā nāma. <span class="bld">Pakkhe bhavattā</span>ti upakārabhāve ṭhitattā. Tesu ārammaṇesu okkantitvā pakkhanditvā upaṭṭhānato upaṭṭhānaṃ, satiyeva upaṭṭhānaṃ <span class="bld">satipaṭṭhānaṃ</span>. Kāyavedanācittadhammesu panassa asubhadukkhāniccānattākāragahaṇavasena subhasukhaniccaattasaññāpahānakiccasādhanavasena ca pavattito catudhā bhedo hoti. Tasmā <span class="bld">cattāro satipaṭṭhānā</span>ti vuccati. Padahanti <a name="M2.0224"></a> etenāti padhānaṃ, sobhanaṃ padhānaṃ <span class="bld">sammappadhānaṃ,</span> sammā vā padahanti etenāti sammappadhānaṃ, sobhanaṃ vā taṃ kilesavirūpapavattavirahitato padhānañca hitasukhanipphādakaṭṭhena seṭṭhabhāvāvahanato padhānabhāvakaraṇato vāti sammappadhānaṃ. Vīriyassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Tayidaṃ uppannānuppannānaṃ akusalānaṃ pahānānuppattikiccaṃ, anuppannuppannānañca kusalānaṃ uppattiṭṭhitikiccaṃ sādhayatīti catubbidhaṃ hoti. Tasmā <span class="bld">cattāro sammappadhānā</span>ti vuccati. Nipphattipariyāyena ijjhanaṭṭhena, ijjhanti etāya sattā iddhā vuddhā ukkaṃsagatā hontīti iminā vā pariyāyena iddhi, tassā sampayuttāya pubbaṅgamaṭṭhena phalabhūtāya pubbabhāgakāraṇaṭṭhena ca iddhiyā pādoti <span class="bld">iddhipādo</span>. So chandavīriyacittavīmaṃsāvasena catubbidhova hoti. Tasmā <span class="bld">cattāro iddhipādā</span>ti vuccati. Assaddhiyakosajjapamādavikkhepasammohānaṃ abhibhavanato abhibhavanasaṅkhātena adhipatiyaṭṭhena <span class="bld">indriyaṃ</span>. Assaddhiyādīhi <a name="P3.0619"></a> anabhibhavanīyato akampiyaṭṭhena <span class="bld">balaṃ</span>. Tadubhayampi saddhāvīriyasatisamādhipaññāvasena pañcavidhaṃ hoti. Tasmā <span class="bld">pañcindriyāni pañca balānī</span>ti vuccanti. Bujjhanakasattassa pana aṅgabhāvena satiādayo satta dhammā bojjhaṅgā, niyyānaṭṭhena ca sammādiṭṭhiādayo aṭṭha maggaṅgā honti. Tena vuccati <span class="bld">satta bojjhaṅgā ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Iti <a name="V2.0208"></a> ime sattatiṃsa bodhipakkhiyā dhammā pubbabhāge lokiyavipassanāya vattamānāya cuddasavidhena kāyaṃ pariggaṇhato ca kāyānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānaṃ, navavidhena vedanaṃ pariggaṇhato ca vedanānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānaṃ, soḷasavidhena cittaṃ pariggaṇhato ca cittānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānaṃ, pañcavidhena dhamme pariggaṇhato ca dhammānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānaṃ. Iti imasmiṃ attabhāve anuppannapubbaṃ parassa uppannaṃ akusalaṃ disvā ‘‘yathā paṭipannassa tassa taṃ uppannaṃ, na tathā paṭipajjissāmi, evaṃ me etaṃ nuppajjissatī’’ti tassa anuppādāya vāyamanakāle paṭhamaṃ sammappadhānaṃ, attano samudācārappattamakusalaṃ disvā tassa pahānāya vāyamanakāle dutiyaṃ, imasmiṃ attabhāve anuppannapubbaṃ jhānaṃ vā vipassanaṃ vā uppādetuṃ vāyamantassa tatiyaṃ, uppannaṃ yathā na parihāyati, evaṃ punappunaṃ uppādentassa catutthaṃ sammappadhānaṃ. Chandaṃ dhuraṃ katvā kusaluppādanakāle chandiddhipādo, vīriyaṃ, cittaṃ, vīmaṃsaṃ dhuraṃ katvā kusaluppādanakāle vīmaṃsiddhipādo. Micchāvācāya viramaṇakāle sammāvācā<a name="M2.0225"></a>, micchākammantā, micchājīvā viramaṇakāle sammājīvoti evaṃ nānācittesu labbhanti. Catumaggakkhaṇe pana ekacitte labbhanti, phalakkhaṇe ṭhapetvā cattāro sammappadhāne avasesā tettiṃsa labbhanti. Evaṃ ekacitte labbhamānesu cetesu ekāva nibbānārammaṇā sati kāyādīsu subhasaññādipahānakiccasādhanavasena ‘‘cattāro satipaṭṭhānā’’ti vuccati. Ekameva ca vīriyaṃ anuppannuppannānaṃ anuppādādikiccasādhanavasena ‘‘cattāro sammappadhānā’’ti vuccati. Sesesu hāpanavaḍḍhanaṃ natthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica tesu –</p>
<p class="gatha1">Nava ekavidhā eko, dvedhātha catupañcadhā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Aṭṭhadhā navadhā ceva, iti chaddhā bhavanti te.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nava</span> <a name="P3.0620"></a> <span class="bld">ekavidhā</span>ti chando cittaṃ pīti passaddhi upekkhā saṅkappo vācā kammanto ājīvoti ime nava chandiddhipādādivasena ekavidhāva honti, aññakoṭṭhāsaṃ na bhajanti. <span class="bld">Eko dvedhā</span>ti saddhā indriyabalavasena dvedhā ṭhitā. <span class="bld">Atha catupañcadhā</span>ti athañño eko catudhā, añño pañcadhā ṭhitoti attho. Tattha samādhi eko indriyabalabojjhaṅgamaggaṅgavasena catudhā ṭhito, paññā tesaṃ catunnaṃ iddhipādakoṭṭhāsassa ca vasena pañcadhā. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhadhā navadhā cevā</span>ti aparo eko aṭṭhadhā, eko navadhā ṭhitoti attho. Catusatipaṭṭhānaindriyabalabojjhaṅgamaggaṅgavasena sati aṭṭhadhā ṭhitā, catusammappadhānaiddhipādaindriyabalabojjhaṅgamaggaṅgavasena vīriyaṃ navadhāti. Evaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">Cuddaseva <a name="V2.0209"></a> asambhinnā, hontete bodhipakkhiyā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Koṭṭhāsato sattavidhā, sattatiṃsa pabhedato.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Sakiccanipphādanato, sarūpena ca vuttito;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sabbeva ariyamaggassa, sambhave sambhavanti te.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ maggaphalasampayutte sattatiṃsa bodhipakkhiyadhamme dassetvā puna te maggaphalesu saṅkhipitvā <span class="bld">cattāro ariyamaggā cattāri ca sāmaññaphalānī</span>ti āha. Samaṇabhāvo sāmaññaṃ, catunnaṃ ariyamaggānametaṃ nāmaṃ. Sāmaññānaṃ phalāni <span class="bld">sāmaññaphalāni. Nibbānaṃ</span> pana sabbehi asammissameva. Iti vitthārato sattatiṃsabodhipakkhiyacatumaggacatuphalanibbānānaṃ vasena chacattālīsa <a name="M2.0226"></a> lokuttaradhammā, tato saṅkhepena catumaggacatuphalanibbānānaṃ vasena nava lokuttaradhammā, tatopi saṅkhepena maggaphalanibbānānaṃ vasena tayo lokuttaradhammāti veditabbaṃ. Satipaṭṭhānādīnaṃ maggaphalānañca lokuttaratte vutte taṃsampayuttānaṃ phassādīnampi lokuttarattaṃ vuttameva hoti. Padhānadhammavasena pana satipaṭṭhānādayova vuttā. Abhidhamme (dha. sa. 277 ādayo, 505 ādayo) ca lokuttaradhammaniddese maggaphalasampayuttānaṃ phassādīnaṃ lokuttarattaṃ vuttamevāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Lokaṃ tarantī</span>ti lokaṃ atikkamanti. Sabbamidha īdisaṃ vattamānakālavacanaṃ cattāro ariyamagge sandhāya vuttaṃ. Sotāpattimaggo hi apāyalokaṃ tarati, sakadāgāmimaggo kāmāvacaralokekadesaṃ <a name="P3.0621"></a> tarati, anāgāmimaggo kāmāvacaralokaṃ tarati, arahattamaggo rūpārūpāvacaralokaṃ tarati. <span class="bld">Lokā uttarantī</span>ti lokā uggacchanti. <span class="bld">Lokato</span>ti ca <span class="bld">lokamhā</span>ti ca tadeva nissakkavacanaṃ visesetvā dassitaṃ. <span class="bld">Lokaṃ samatikkamantī</span>ti paṭhamaṃ vuttatthameva. Tattha upasaggatthaṃ anapekkhitvā vuttaṃ, idha saha upasaggatthena vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Lokaṃ samatikkantā</span>ti yathāvuttaṃ lokaṃ sammā atikkantā. Sabbamidha īdisaṃ atītakālavacanaṃ phalanibbānāni sandhāya vuttaṃ, sotāpattiphalādīni hi yathāvuttaṃ lokaṃ atikkamitvā ṭhitāni, sadā nibbānaṃ sabbalokaṃ atikkamitvā ṭhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Lokena atirekā</span>ti lokato adhikabhūtā. Idaṃ sabbepi lokuttaradhamme sandhāya vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Nissarantī</span>ti niggacchanti. <span class="bld">Nissaṭā</span>ti niggatā. <span class="bld">Loke na tiṭṭhantī</span>tiādīni aṭṭhārasa vacanāni sabbalokuttaresupi yujjanti. <span class="bld">Na tiṭṭhantī</span>ti loke apariyāpannattā vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Loke na limpantī</span>ti khandhasantāne vattamānāpi tasmiṃ na limpantīti attho. <span class="bld">Lokena na limpantī</span>ti <a name="V2.0210"></a> akatapaṭivedhānaṃ kenaci cittena, katapaṭivedhānaṃ akusalena appamattenapi cittena na limpantīti attho. <span class="bld">Asaṃlittā anupalittā</span>ti upasaggena visesitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vippamuttā</span>ti alittattameva nānābyañjanena visesitaṃ. Ye keci hi yattha yena vā alittā, te tattha tena vā vippamuttā honti. <span class="bld">Lokā vippamuttā</span>tiādīni tīṇi nissakkavasena vuttāni. <span class="bld">Visaññuttā</span>ti vippamuttattavisesanaṃ. Ye keci hi yattha yena yato vippamuttā, te tattha <a name="M2.0227"></a> tena tato visaññuttā nāma honti. <span class="bld">Lokā sujjhantī</span>ti lokamalaṃ dhovitvā lokā sujjhanti. <span class="bld">Visujjhantī</span>ti tadeva upasaggena visesitaṃ. <span class="bld">Vuṭṭhahantī</span>ti uṭṭhitā honti. <span class="bld">Vivaṭṭantī</span>ti nivaṭṭanti. <span class="bld">Na sajjantī</span>ti na lagganti. <span class="bld">Na gayhantī</span>ti na gaṇhīyanti. <span class="bld">Na bajjhantī</span>ti na bādhīyanti. <span class="bld">Samucchindantī</span>ti appavattiṃ karonti. Yathā ca <span class="bld">lokaṃ samucchinnattā</span>ti, tatheva ‘‘lokā visuddhattā’’tiādi vuttameva hoti. <span class="bld">Paṭippassambhentī</span>ti nirodhenti. <span class="bld">Apathā</span>tiādīni cattāri sabbesupi lokuttaresu yujjanti. <span class="bld">Apathā</span>ti amaggā. <span class="bld">Agatī</span>ti appatiṭṭhā. <span class="bld">Avisayā</span>ti anāyattā. <span class="bld">Asādhāraṇā</span>ti asamānā. <span class="bld">Vamantī</span>ti uggilanti. <span class="bld">Na paccāvamantī</span>ti vuttapaṭipakkhanayena vuttaṃ, vantaṃ puna na adantīti attho. Etena vantassa suvantabhāvo vutto hoti. Anantaradukattayepi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Visīnentī</span>ti vikiranti vimuccanti, na bandhantīti attho. <span class="bld">Na ussīnentī</span>ti na vikiranti na vimuccanti. ‘‘Visinentī’’ti ‘‘na ussinentī’’ti rassaṃ katvā pāṭho sundaro. <span class="bld">Vidhūpentī</span>ti nibbāpenti. <span class="bld">Na</span> <a name="P3.0622"></a> <span class="bld">saṃdhūpentī</span>ti na ujjalanti. <span class="bld">Lokaṃ samatikkamma abhibhuyya tiṭṭhantī</span>ti sabbepi lokuttarā dhammā lokaṃ sammā atikkamitvā abhibhavitvā ca tiṭṭhantīti lokuttarā. Sabbehipi imehi yathāvuttehi pakārehi lokuttarānaṃ lokato uttarabhāvo adhikabhāvo ca vutto hotīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Lokuttarakathāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">9. Balakathā</p>
<p class="subhead">Balakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para44"></a><span class="paranum">44</span>. Idāni <a name="V2.0211"></a> lokuttarakathāya anantaraṃ kathitāya lokuttarakathāvatiyā suttantapubbaṅgamāya balakathāya apubbatthānuvaṇṇanā. Tattha ādito suttantavasena pañca balāni dassetvā tadaññānipi balāni dassetukāmo <span class="bld">apica aṭṭhasaṭṭhi balānī</span>tiādimāha. Sabbānipi taṃtaṃpaṭipakkhehi akampiyaṭṭhena balāni nāma honti. <span class="bld">Hiribala</span>ntiādīsu pāpato hirīyanti etāyāti <span class="bld">hirī,</span> lajjāyetaṃ nāmaṃ. Pāpato ottappanti etenāti <span class="bld">ottappaṃ,</span> pāpato ubbegassetaṃ nāmaṃ. Ajjhattasamuṭṭhānā hirī, bahiddhāsamuṭṭhānaṃ ottappaṃ. Attādhipati hirī, lokādhipati ottappaṃ<a name="M2.0228"></a>. Lajjāsabhāvasaṇṭhitā hirī, bhayasabhāvasaṇṭhitaṃ ottappaṃ. Sappatissavalakkhaṇā hirī, vajjabhīrukabhayadassāvilakkhaṇaṃ ottappaṃ. Sā eva hirī ahirikena na kampatīti <span class="bld">hiribalaṃ</span>. Tadeva ottappaṃ anottappena na kampatīti <span class="bld">ottappabalaṃ</span>. Appaṭisaṅkhānena na kampatīti <span class="bld">paṭisaṅkhānabalaṃ</span>. Upaparikkhaṇapaññāyetaṃ nāmaṃ. Vīriyasīsena satta bojjhaṅge bhāventassa uppannabalaṃ <span class="bld">bhāvanābalaṃ</span>. Tathāpavattānaṃ catunnaṃ khandhānametaṃ nāmaṃ. Parisuddhāni sīlādīni <span class="bld">anavajjabalaṃ</span>. Cattāri saṅgahavatthūni <span class="bld">saṅgahabalaṃ</span>. Saṅgahe balantipi pāṭho. Dukkhamānaṃ adhivāsanaṃ <span class="bld">khantibalaṃ</span>. Dhammakathāya paresaṃ tosanaṃ <span class="bld">paññattibalaṃ</span>. Adhitassa atthassa adhigamāpanaṃ <span class="bld">nijjhattibalaṃ</span>. Kusalesu bahubhāvo <span class="bld">issariyabalaṃ</span>. Kusalesu yathāruci patiṭṭhānaṃ <span class="bld">adhiṭṭhānabalaṃ</span>. Hiribalādīnaṃ attho mātikāpadesu byañjanavasena visesato yujjamānaṃ gahetvā vutto. <span class="bld">Samathabalaṃ vipassanābala</span>nti balappattā samathavipassanā eva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Mātikāniddese <span class="bld">assaddhiye na kampatīti saddhābala</span>nti mūlabalaṭṭhaṃ vatvā tameva aparehi navahi pariyāyehi visesetvā dassesi. Yo <a name="P3.0623"></a> hi dhammo akampiyo balappatto hoti, so sahajāte upatthambheti, attano paṭipakkhe kilese pariyādiyati, paṭivedhassa ādibhūtaṃ sīlaṃ diṭṭhiñca visodheti, cittaṃ ārammaṇe patiṭṭhāpeti, cittaṃ pabhassaraṃ karonto vodāpeti, vasiṃ pāpento visesaṃ adhigamāpeti, tato uttariṃ pāpento uttaripaṭivedhaṃ kāreti, kamena ariyamaggaṃ <a name="V2.0212"></a> pāpetvā saccābhisamayaṃ kāreti, phalappattiyā nirodhe patiṭṭhāpeti. Tasmā navadhā balaṭṭho visesito. Esa nayo <span class="bld">vīriyabalā</span>dīsu catūsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāmacchandaṃ hirīyatī</span>ti nekkhammayutto yogī <span class="bld">nekkhammena</span> kāmacchandato hirīyati. Ottappepi eseva nayo. Etehi sabbākusalehipi hirīyanā ottappanā vuttāyeva honti. <span class="bld">Byāpāda</span>ntiādīnampi imināva nayena attho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Paṭisaṅkhātī</span>ti asammohavasena ādīnavato upaparikkhati. <span class="bld">Bhāvetī</span>ti vaḍḍheti. <span class="bld">Vajja</span>nti rāgādivajjaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṅgaṇhātī</span>ti bandhati. <span class="bld">Khamatī</span>ti tassa yogissa khamati ruccati. <span class="bld">Paññāpetī</span>ti toseti. <span class="bld">Nijjhāpetī</span>ti cintāpeti. <span class="bld">Vasaṃ vattetī</span>ti citte pahu hutvā cittaṃ attano <a name="M2.0229"></a> vasaṃ katvā pavatteti. <span class="bld">Adhiṭṭhātī</span>ti vidahati. Bhāvanābalādīni sabbānipi nekkhammādīniyeva. Mātikāvaṇṇanāya aññathā vutto, attho pana byañjanavaseneva pākaṭattā idha na vuttoti veditabbaṃ. Samathabalaṃ vipassanābalañca vitthārato niddisitvā avasāne <span class="bld">uddhaccasahagatakilese ca khandhe ca na kampatī</span>tiādi ca <span class="bld">avijjāsahagatakilese ca khandhe ca na kampatī</span>tiādi ca samathabalavipassanābalānaṃ lakkhaṇadassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sekhāsekhabalesu <span class="bld">sammādiṭṭhiṃ sikkhatīti sekhabala</span>nti sekhapuggalo sammādiṭṭhiṃ sikkhatīti sekho, sā sammādiṭṭhi tassa sekhassa balanti sekhabalanti attho. <span class="bld">Tattha sikkhitattā asekhabala</span>nti asekhapuggalo tattha sammādiṭṭhiyā sikkhitattā na sikkhatīti asekho, sāyeva sammādiṭṭhi tassa asekhassa balanti asekhabalaṃ. Eseva nayo <span class="bld">sammāsaṅkappā</span>dīsu. <span class="bld">Sammāñāṇa</span>nti paccavekkhaṇañāṇaṃ. Tampi hi lokikampi hontaṃ sekhassa pavattattā sekhabalaṃ, asekhassa pavattattā asekhabalanti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sammāvimuttī</span>ti aṭṭha maggaṅgāni ṭhapetvā sesā phalasampayuttā dhammā<a name="P3.0624"></a>. Keci pana ‘‘ṭhapetvā lokuttaravimuttiṃ avasesā vimuttiyo sammāvimuttī’’ti vadanti. Tassa sekhāsekhabalattaṃ vuttanayameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Khīṇāsavabalesu sabbānipi ñāṇabalāni. <span class="bld">Khīṇāsavassa bhikkhuno</span>ti karaṇatthe sāmivacanaṃ, khīṇāsavena bhikkhunāti attho. <span class="bld">Aniccato</span>ti hutvā abhāvākārena aniccato. <span class="bld">Yathābhūta</span>nti yathāsabhāvato. <span class="bld">Paññāyā</span>ti sahavipassanāya maggapaññāya. Aniccato sudiṭṭhā dukkhato anattato sudiṭṭhā honti tammūlakattā. <span class="bld">Ya</span>nti bhāvanapuṃsakavacanaṃ, yena kāraṇenāti vā attho. <span class="bld">Āgammā</span>ti paṭicca. <span class="bld">Paṭijānātī</span>ti sampaṭicchati paṭiññaṃ karoti. <span class="bld">Aṅgārakāsūpamā</span>ti mahābhitāpaṭṭhena aṅgārakāsuyā upamitā. <span class="bld">Kāmā</span>ti vatthukāmā ca kilesakāmā ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vivekaninna</span>nti <a name="V2.0213"></a> phalasamāpattivasena upadhivivekasaṅkhātanibbānaninnaṃ. Tayo hi vivekā – kāyaviveko cittaviveko upadhivivekoti. Kāyaviveko ca vivekaṭṭhakāyānaṃ nekkhammābhiratānaṃ. Cittaviveko ca adhicittamanuyuttānaṃ. Upadhiviveko ca nirupadhīnaṃ puggalānaṃ visaṅkhāragatānaṃ, nissaraṇavivekasaṅkhātanibbānaninnaṃ vā. Pañca hi vivekā – vikkhambhanaviveko tadaṅgaviveko <a name="M2.0230"></a> samucchedaviveko paṭippassaddhiviveko nissaraṇavivekoti. <span class="bld">Vivekaninna</span>nti viveke ninnaṃ. <span class="bld">Vivekapoṇa</span>nti viveke nataṃ. <span class="bld">Vivekapabbhāra</span>nti vivekasīsabhāraṃ. Dvepi purimasseva vevacanāni. <span class="bld">Vivekaṭṭha</span>nti kilesehi vajjitaṃ, dūrībhūtaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Nekkhammābhirata</span>nti nibbāne abhirataṃ, pabbajjāya abhirataṃ vā. <span class="bld">Byantībhūta</span>nti vigatantībhūtaṃ, ekadesenāpi anallīnaṃ vippamuttaṃ visaṃsaṭṭhaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbaso</span>ti sabbathā. <span class="bld">Āsavaṭṭhāniyehi dhammehī</span>ti saṃyogavasena āsavānaṃ kāraṇabhūtehi kilesadhammehīti attho. Atha vā <span class="bld">byantībhūta</span>nti vigatanikantibhūtaṃ, nittaṇhanti attho. Kuto? <span class="bld">Sabbaso āsavaṭṭhāniyehi dhammehi</span> sabbehi tebhūmakadhammehīti attho. Idha dasahi khīṇāsavabalehi khīṇāsavassa lokiyalokuttaro maggo kathito. ‘‘Aniccato sabbe saṅkhārā’’ti dukkhapariññābalaṃ, ‘‘aṅgārakāsūpamā kāmā’’ti samudayapahānabalaṃ, ‘‘vivekaninnaṃ cittaṃ hotī’’ti nirodhasacchikiriyābalaṃ, ‘‘cattāro satipaṭṭhānā’’tiādi sattavidhaṃ maggabhāvanābalantipi vadanti. Dasa iddhibalāni iddhikathāya āvi bhavissanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathāgatabalaniddese <span class="bld">tathāgatabalānī</span>ti aññehi asādhāraṇāni tathāgatasseva balāni. Yathā vā pubbabuddhānaṃ balāni puññussayasampattiyā āgatāni, tathā āgatabalānītipi attho. Tattha duvidhaṃ <a name="P3.0625"></a> tathāgatabalaṃ – kāyabalaṃ ñāṇabalañca. Tesu kāyabalaṃ hatthikulānusārena veditabbaṃ. Vuttañhetaṃ porāṇehi –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Kāḷāvakañca gaṅgeyyaṃ, paṇḍaraṃ tambapiṅgalaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Gandhamaṅgalahemañca, uposathachaddantime dasā’’ti. (vibha. aṭṭha. 760; ma. ni. aṭṭha. 1.148; saṃ. ni. aṭṭha. 2.2.22);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Imāni dasa hatthikulāni. Tattha <span class="bld">kāḷāvaka</span>nti pakatihatthikulaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Yaṃ dasannaṃ purisānaṃ kāyabalaṃ, taṃ ekassa kāḷāvakassa hatthino balaṃ. Yaṃ dasannaṃ kāḷāvakānaṃ balaṃ, taṃ ekassa gaṅgeyyassa balaṃ. Yaṃ dasannaṃ gaṅgeyyānaṃ, taṃ ekassa paṇḍarassa. Yaṃ dasannaṃ paṇḍarānaṃ<a name="V2.0214"></a>, taṃ ekassa tambassa. Yaṃ dasannaṃ tambānaṃ, taṃ ekassa piṅgalassa. Yaṃ dasannaṃ piṅgalānaṃ, taṃ ekassa gandhahatthino. Yaṃ dasannaṃ gandhahatthīnaṃ, taṃ ekassa maṅgalahatthino. Yaṃ dasannaṃ maṅgalahatthīnaṃ, taṃ ekassa hemavatassa. Yaṃ dasannaṃ <a name="M2.0231"></a> hemavatānaṃ, taṃ ekassa uposathassa. Yaṃ dasannaṃ uposathānaṃ, taṃ ekassa chaddantassa. Yaṃ dasannaṃ chaddantānaṃ, taṃ ekassa tathāgatassa balaṃ. Nārāyanasaṅghātabalantipi idameva vuccati. Tadetaṃ pakatihatthino gaṇanāya hatthīnaṃ koṭisahassassa, purisagaṇanāya dasannaṃ purisakoṭisahassānaṃ balaṃ hoti. Idaṃ tāva tathāgatassa <span class="bld">kāyabalaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ñāṇabalaṃ pana idha tāva aññattha ca pāḷiyaṃ āgatameva dasabalañāṇaṃ, majjhime (ma. ni. 1.150) āgataṃ catuvesārajjañāṇaṃ, aṭṭhasu parisāsu akampanañāṇaṃ, catuyoniparicchedakañāṇaṃ, pañcagatiparicchedakañāṇaṃ, saṃyuttake (saṃ. ni. 2.33-34) āgatāni tesattati ñāṇāni, sattasattati ñāṇānīti evamaññānipi anekāni ñāṇasahassāni. Etaṃ <span class="bld">ñāṇabalaṃ</span> nāma. Idhāpi ñāṇabalameva adhippetaṃ. Ñāṇañhi akampiyaṭṭhena upatthambhanaṭṭhena ca balanti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ṭhānañca ṭhānato</span>ti kāraṇañca kāraṇato. Kāraṇañhi yasmā tattha phalaṃ tiṭṭhati tadāyattavuttitāya uppajjati ceva pavattati ca, tasmā ṭhānanti vuccati. Taṃ bhagavā ye ye dhammā yesaṃ yesaṃ dhammānaṃ hetū paccayā uppādāya, taṃ taṃ ṭhānanti, ye ye dhammā yesaṃ yesaṃ dhammānaṃ na hetū na paccayā uppādāya, taṃ taṃ aṭṭhānanti pajānanto ṭhānañca ṭhānato aṭṭhānañca aṭṭhānato yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. <span class="bld">Yampī</span>ti yena ñāṇena. <span class="bld">Idampī</span>ti idampi ṭhānāṭṭhānañāṇaṃ, tathāgatassa tathāgatabalaṃ nāma hotīti attho. Evaṃ sesapadesupi yojanā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āsabhaṃ</span> <a name="P3.0626"></a> <span class="bld">ṭhāna</span>nti seṭṭhaṭṭhānaṃ uttamaṭṭhānaṃ, āsabhā vā pubbabuddhā, tesaṃ ṭhānanti attho. Apica gavasatajeṭṭhako usabho, gavasahassajeṭṭhako vasabho, vajasatajeṭṭhako vā usabho, vajasahassajeṭṭhako vasabho, sabbagavaseṭṭho sabbaparissayasaho seto pāsādiko mahābhāravaho asanisatasaddehipi asantasanīyo nisabho, so idha usabhoti adhippeto. Idampi hi tassa pariyāyavacanaṃ. Usabhassa idanti <span class="bld">āsabhaṃ. Ṭhāna</span>nti catūhi pādehi pathaviṃ uppīḷetvā avaṭṭhānaṃ. Idaṃ pana āsabhaṃ viyāti āsabhaṃ yatheva hi nisabhasaṅkhāto usabho usabhabalena samannāgato catūhi pādehi pathaviṃ uppīḷetvā <a name="M2.0232"></a> acalaṭṭhānena tiṭṭhati, evaṃ tathāgatopi dasahi tathāgatabalehi samannāgato catūhi vesārajjapādehi aṭṭhaparisapathaviṃ uppīḷetvā sadevake loke kenaci <a name="V2.0215"></a> paccatthikena paccāmittena akampiyo acalaṭṭhānena tiṭṭhati, evaṃ tiṭṭhamāno ca taṃ āsabhaṃ ṭhānaṃ <span class="bld">paṭijānāti</span> upagacchati na paccakkhāti, attani āropeti. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘āsabhaṃ ṭhānaṃ paṭijānātī’’ti (saṃ. ni. aṭṭha. 2.2.22; ma. ni. aṭṭha. 1.148).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Parisāsū</span>ti khattiyabrāhmaṇagahapatisamaṇacātumahārājikatāvatiṃsamārabrahmānaṃ vasena aṭṭhasu parisāsu. <span class="bld">Sīhanādaṃ nadatī</span>ti seṭṭhanādaṃ achambhitanādaṃ nadati, sīhanādasadisaṃ vā nādaṃ nadati. Ayamattho sīhanādasuttena (ma. ni. 1.146 ādayo; dī. ni. 1.381 ādayo) dīpetabbo. Yathā vā sīho sahanato hananato ca sīhoti vuccati, evaṃ tathāgato lokadhammānaṃ sahanato parappavādānaṃ hananato sīhoti vuccati. Evaṃ vuttassa sīhassa nādaṃ sīhanādaṃ. Tattha yathā sīho sīhabalena samannāgato sabbattha visārado vigatalomahaṃso sīhanādaṃ nadati, evaṃ tathāgatasīhopi tathāgatabalehi samannāgato aṭṭhasu parisāsu visārado vigatalomahaṃso ‘‘iti rūpa’’ntiādinā (saṃ. ni. 3.78) nayena nānāvidhadesanāvilāsasampannaṃ sīhanādaṃ nadati. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘parisāsu sīhanādaṃ nadatī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Brahmacakkaṃ pavattetī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">brahma</span>nti seṭṭhaṃ uttamaṃ visuddhaṃ. <span class="bld">Cakka</span>saddo panāyaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">Sampattiyaṃ lakkhaṇe ca, rathaṅge iriyāpathe;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Dāne ratanadhammūra, cakkādīsu ca dissati;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Dhammacakke idha mato, tampi dvedhā vibhāvaye.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Cattārimāni<a name="P3.0627"></a>, bhikkhave, cakkāni, yehi samannāgatānaṃ devamanussāna’’ntiādīsu (a. ni. 4.31) hi ayaṃ sampattiyaṃ dissati. ‘‘Heṭṭhā pādatalesu cakkāni jātāni hontī’’ti (dī. ni. 2.35) ettha lakkhaṇe. ‘‘Cakkaṃva vahato pada’’nti (dha. pa. 1) ettha rathaṅge. ‘‘Catucakkaṃ navadvāra’’nti (saṃ. ni. 1.29) ettha iriyāpathe. ‘‘Dadaṃ bhuñja mā ca pamādo<a name="M2.0233"></a>, cakkaṃ vattaya kosalādhipā’’ti (jā. 1.7.149) ettha dāne. ‘‘Dibbaṃ cakkaratanaṃ pāturahosī’’ti (dī. ni. 2.243) ettha ratanacakke. ‘‘Mayā pavattitaṃ cakka’’nti (su. ni. 562) ettha dhammacakke. ‘‘Icchāhatassa posassa, cakkaṃ bhamati matthake’’ti (jā. 1.1.104; 1.5.103) ettha uracakke. ‘‘Khurapariyantena cepi cakkenā’’ti <a name="V2.0216"></a> (dī. ni. 1.166) ettha paharaṇacakke. ‘‘Asanivicakka’’nti (dī. ni. 3.61; saṃ. ni. 2.162) ettha asanimaṇḍale. Idha panāyaṃ dhammacakke mato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Taṃ panetaṃ dhammacakkaṃ duvidhaṃ hoti paṭivedhañāṇañca desanāñāṇañca. Tattha paññāpabhāvitaṃ attano ariyaphalāvahaṃ <span class="bld">paṭivedhañāṇaṃ,</span> karuṇāpabhāvitaṃ sāvakānaṃ ariyaphalāvahaṃ <span class="bld">desanāñāṇaṃ</span>. Tattha paṭivedhañāṇaṃ uppajjamānaṃ uppannanti duvidhaṃ. Tañhi abhinikkhamanato yāva arahattamaggā uppajjamānaṃ nāma, phalakkhaṇe uppannaṃ nāma. Tusitabhavanato vā yāva bodhipallaṅke arahattamaggā uppajjamānaṃ nāma, phalakkhaṇe uppannaṃ nāma. Dīpaṅkaradasabalato vā paṭṭhāya yāva arahattamaggā uppajjamānaṃ nāma, phalakkhaṇe uppannaṃ nāma. Desanāñāṇampi pavattamānaṃ pavattanti duvidhaṃ. Tañhi yāva aññātakoṇḍaññattherassa arahattamaggā pavattamānaṃ nāma, phalakkhaṇe pavattaṃ nāma. Tattha paṭivedhañāṇaṃ lokuttaraṃ, desanāñāṇaṃ lokiyaṃ. Ubhayampi panetaṃ aññehi asādhāraṇaṃ, buddhānaṃyeva orasañāṇaṃ. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘brahmacakkaṃ pavattetī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kammasamādānāna</span>nti samādiyitvā katānaṃ kusalākusalakammānaṃ, kammameva vā kammasamādānaṃ. <span class="bld">Ṭhānaso hetuso</span>ti paccayato ceva hetuto ca. Tattha gatiupadhikālapayogā vipākassa ṭhānaṃ. Kammaṃ hetu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbatthagāmini</span>nti sabbagatigāminiñca agatigāminiñca. <span class="bld">Paṭipada</span>nti maggaṃ. <span class="bld">Yathābhūtaṃ pajānātī</span>ti bahūsupi manussesu ekameva pāṇaṃ ghātentesu imassa cetanā nirayagāminī bhavissati, imassa tiracchānayonigāminīti iminā nayena ekavatthusmimpi kusalākusalacetanāsaṅkhātānaṃ paṭipattīnaṃ aviparītato sabhāvaṃ jānāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anekadhātu</span>nti <a name="M2.0234"></a> cakkhudhātuādīhi, kāmadhātuādīhi vā dhātūhi bahudhātuṃ. <span class="bld">Nānādhātu</span>nti tāsaṃyeva dhātūnaṃ vilakkhaṇattā nānappakāradhātuṃ<a name="P3.0628"></a>. <span class="bld">Loka</span>nti khandhāyatanadhātulokaṃ. <span class="bld">Yathābhūtaṃ pajānātī</span>ti tāsaṃ tāsaṃ dhātūnaṃ aviparītato sabhāvaṃ paṭivijjhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nānādhimuttikata</span>nti hīnapaṇītādiadhimuttīhi nānādhimuttikabhāvaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Parasattāna</span>nti padhānasattānaṃ. <span class="bld">Parapuggalāna</span>nti tato paresaṃ hīnasattānaṃ. Ekatthameva vā etaṃ padadvayaṃ <a name="V2.0217"></a> veneyyavasena bhagavatā dvedhā vuttaṃ. Idhāpi bhagavatā vuttanayeneva vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Indriyaparopariyatta</span>nti saddhādīnaṃ indriyānaṃ parabhāvañca aparabhāvañca, vuddhiñca hāniñcāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Jhānavimokkhasamādhisamāpattīna</span>nti paṭhamādīnaṃ catunnaṃ jhānānaṃ, ‘‘rūpī rūpāni passatī’’tiādīnaṃ (paṭi. ma. 1.209) aṭṭhannaṃ vimokkhānaṃ, savitakkasavicārādīnaṃ tiṇṇaṃ samādhīnaṃ, paṭhamajjhānasamāpattiādīnañca navannaṃ anupubbasamāpattīnaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṃkilesa</span>nti hānabhāgiyadhammaṃ. <span class="bld">Vodāna</span>nti visesabhāgiyadhammaṃ. <span class="bld">Vuṭṭhāna</span>nti yena kāraṇena jhānādīhi vuṭṭhahanti, taṃ kāraṇaṃ. Taṃ pana ‘‘vodānampi vuṭṭhānaṃ, tamhā tamhā samādhimhā vuṭṭhānampi vuṭṭhāna’’nti (vibha. 828) evaṃ vuttaṃ paguṇajjhānañceva bhavaṅgaphalasamāpattiyo ca. Heṭṭhimaṃ heṭṭhimañhi paguṇajjhānaṃ uparimassa uparimassa padaṭṭhānaṃ hoti, tasmā ‘‘vodānampi vuṭṭhāna’’nti vuttaṃ. Bhavaṅgena pana sabbajjhānehi vuṭṭhānaṃ hoti, nirodhasamāpattito phalasamāpattiyā vuṭṭhānaṃ hoti. Taṃ sandhāya ‘‘tamhā tamhā samādhimhā vuṭṭhānampi vuṭṭhāna’’nti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pubbenivāsadibbacakkhuāsavakkhayañāṇāni heṭṭhā pakāsitāneva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">āsavānaṃ khayā</span>ti arahattamaggena sabbakilesānaṃ khayā. <span class="bld">Anāsava</span>nti āsavavirahitaṃ. <span class="bld">Cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimutti</span>nti ettha cetovacanena arahattaphalasampayutto samādhi, paññāvacanena taṃsampayuttā ca paññā vuttā. Tattha ca samādhi rāgato vimuttattā cetovimutti, paññā avijjāya vimuttattā paññāvimuttīti veditabbā. Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā – ‘‘yo hissa, bhikkhave, samādhi, tadassa samādhindriyaṃ. Yā hissa, bhikkhave, paññā, tadassa paññindriyaṃ. Iti kho, bhikkhave, rāgavirāgā cetovimutti avijjāvirāgā <a name="M2.0235"></a> paññāvimuttī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.516; 520). Apicettha samathabalaṃ cetovimutti, vipassanābalaṃ paññāvimuttīti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Diṭṭheva dhamme</span>ti imasmiṃyeva attabhāve. <span class="bld">Sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā</span>ti adhikāya paññāya attanāyeva paccakkhaṃ katvā, aparappaccayena ñatvāti attho. <span class="bld">Upasampajjā</span>ti adhigantvā, nipphādetvā vā. Imesaṃ pana dasannaṃ dasabalañāṇānaṃ vitthāro abhidhamme (vibha. 809 ādayo) vuttanayena veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="P3.0629"></a> paravādikathā hoti – dasabalañāṇaṃ nāma pāṭiyekkaṃ ñāṇaṃ natthi, sabbaññutaññāṇassevāyaṃ pabhedoti. Na taṃ tathā daṭṭhabbaṃ. Aññameva hi dasabalañāṇaṃ, aññaṃ sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ. Dasabalañāṇañhi sakasakakiccameva jānāti, sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ tampi, tato avasesampi <a name="V2.0218"></a> jānāti. Dasabalañāṇesu hi paṭhamaṃ kāraṇākāraṇameva jānāti, dutiyaṃ kammantaravipākantarameva, tatiyaṃ kammaparicchedameva, catutthaṃ dhātunānattakāraṇameva, pañcamaṃ sattānaṃ ajjhāsayādhimuttimeva, chaṭṭhaṃ indriyānaṃ tikkhamudubhāvameva, sattamaṃ jhānādīhi saddhiṃ tesaṃ saṃkilesādimeva, aṭṭhamaṃ pubbenivutthakhandhasantatimeva, navamaṃ sattānaṃ cutipaṭisandhimeva, dasamaṃ saccaparicchedameva. Sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ pana etehi jānitabbañca, tato uttariñca pajānāti. Etesaṃ pana kiccaṃ na sabbaṃ karoti. Tañhi jhānaṃ hutvā appetuṃ na sakkoti, iddhi hutvā vikubbituṃ na sakkoti, maggo hutvā kilese khepetuṃ na sakkoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica paravādī evaṃ pucchitabbo ‘‘dasabalañāṇaṃ nāmetaṃ savitakkasavicāraṃ avitakkavicāramattaṃ avitakkāvicāraṃ kāmāvacaraṃ rūpāvacaraṃ arūpāvacaraṃ lokiyaṃ lokuttara’’nti. Jānanto ‘‘paṭipāṭiyā satta ñāṇāni savitakkasavicārānī’’ti vakkhati. ‘‘Tato parāni dve avitakkaavicārānī’’ti vakkhati. ‘‘Āsavakkhayañāṇaṃ siyā savitakkasavicāraṃ, siyā avitakkavicāramattaṃ, siyā avitakkaavicāra’’nti vakkhati. Tathā ‘‘paṭipāṭiyā satta kāmāvacarāni, tato parāni dve rūpāvacarāni, tato avasāne ekaṃ lokuttara’’nti vakkhati. ‘‘Sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ pana savitakkasavicārameva kāmāvacarameva lokiyamevā’’ti vakkhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evamettha <a name="M2.0236"></a> apubbatthānuvaṇṇanaṃ ñatvā idāni yasmā tathāgato paṭhamaṃyeva ṭhānāṭṭhānañāṇena veneyyasattānaṃ āsavakkhayādhigamassa ceva anadhigamassa ca ṭhānāṭṭhānabhūtaṃ kilesāvaraṇābhāvaṃ passati lokiyasammādiṭṭhiṭṭhānadassanato niyatamicchādiṭṭhiṭṭhānābhāvadassanato ca. Atha nesaṃ kammavipākañāṇena vipākāvaraṇābhāvaṃ passati tihetukapaṭisandhidassanato. Sabbatthagāminipaṭipadāñāṇena kammāvaraṇābhāvaṃ passati ānantarikakammābhāvadassanato. Evaṃ anāvaraṇānaṃ anekadhātunānādhātuñāṇena anukūladhammadesanatthaṃ cariyāvisesaṃ passati dhātuvemattadassanato. Atha nesaṃ nānādhimuttikatāñāṇena adhimuttiṃ passati payogaṃ anādiyitvāpi adhimuttivasena dhammadesanatthaṃ<a name="P3.0630"></a>. Athevaṃ diṭṭhaadhimuttīnaṃ yathāsatti yathābalaṃ dhammaṃ desetuṃ indriyaparopariyattañāṇena indriyaparopariyattaṃ passati saddhādīnaṃ tikkhamudubhāvadassanato. Evaṃ pariññātindriyaparopariyattāpi panete sace dūre honti, atha jhānādiñāṇena jhānādīsu vasībhūtattā iddhivisesena khippaṃ upagacchati. Upagantvā ca nesaṃ pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇena pubbajātivibhāvanaṃ dibbacakkhānubhāvato pattabbena cetopariyañāṇena sampati cittavisesaṃ passanto āsavakkhayañāṇānubhāvena <a name="V2.0219"></a> āsavakkhayagāminiyā paṭipadāya vigatasammohattā āsavakkhayāya dhammaṃ deseti. Tasmā iminānukkamena imāni dasa balāni vuttānīti veditabbānīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para45"></a><span class="paranum">45</span>. Idāni sabbabalāni lakkhaṇato niddisitukāmo <span class="bld">kenaṭṭhena saddhābala</span>ntiādinā nayena pucchaṃ katvā <span class="bld">assaddhiye akampiyaṭṭhenā</span>tiādinā nayena vissajjanaṃ akāsi. Tattha <span class="bld">hirīyatī</span>tiādi puggalādhiṭṭhānā desanā. Bhāvanābalādīsu adhiṭṭhānabalapariyantesu ‘‘tatthā’’ti ca, ‘‘tenā’’ti ca, ‘‘ta’’nti ca nekkhammādikameva sandhāya vuttanti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Tena cittaṃ ekagga</span>nti tena samādhinā cittaṃ ekaggaṃ hotīti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Tattha jāte</span>ti tattha samathe sampayogavasena jāte, tasmiṃ vā vipassanārammaṇaṃ hutvā jāte. <span class="bld">Tattha sikkhatī</span>ti tattha sekhabale sekho sikkhatīti sekhabalanti attho. <span class="bld">Tattha sikkhitattā</span>ti tattha asekhabale asekhassa sikkhitattā asekhabalaṃ. <span class="bld">Tena āsavā khīṇā</span>ti tena lokiyalokuttarena ñāṇena āsavā khīṇāti taṃ ñāṇaṃ khīṇāsavabalaṃ<a name="M2.0237"></a>. Lokiyenāpi hi ñāṇena āsavā khīṇā nāma vipassanāya abhāve lokuttaramaggābhāvato. Evaṃ khīṇāsavassa balanti <span class="bld">khīṇāsavabalaṃ. Tassa ijjhatīti iddhibala</span>nti tassa iddhimato ijjhatīti iddhiyeva balaṃ iddhibalaṃ. <span class="bld">Appameyyaṭṭhenā</span>ti yasmā sāvakā ṭhānāṭṭhānādīni ekadesena jānanti, sabbākārena pajānanaṃyeva sandhāya ‘‘yathābhūtaṃ pajānātī’’ti vuttaṃ. Kiñcāpi tīsu vijjāsu ‘‘yathābhūtaṃ pajānātī’’ti na vuttaṃ, aññattha pana vuttattā tāsupi vuttameva hoti. <span class="bld">Aññatthā</span>ti sesesu sattasu ñāṇabalesu ca abhidhamme (vibha. 760) ca dasasupi balesu. Indriyaparopariyattañāṇaṃ pana sabbathāpi sāvakehi asādhāraṇameva. Tasmā dasapi balāni sāvakehi asādhāraṇānīti. Adhimattaṭṭhena atuliyaṭṭhena appameyyāni, tasmāyeva ca ‘‘appameyyaṭṭhena tathāgatabala’’nti vuttanti.</p>
<p class="centered">Balakathāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">10. Suññakathā</p>
<p class="subhead">Suññakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para46"></a><span class="paranum">46</span>. Idāni <a name="V2.0220"></a><a name="P3.0631"></a> lokuttarabalapariyosānāya balakathāya anantaraṃ kathitāya lokuttarasuññatāpariyosānāya suttantapubbaṅgamāya suññatākathāya apubbatthānuvaṇṇanā. Suttante tāva <span class="bld">athā</span>ti vacanopādāne nipāto. Etena <span class="bld">āyasmā</span>tiādivacanassa upādānaṃ kataṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Kho</span>ti padapūraṇatthe nipāto. <span class="bld">Yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamī</span>ti bhummatthe karaṇavacanaṃ. Tasmā yattha bhagavā, tattha upasaṅkamīti evamettha attho daṭṭhabbo. Yena vā kāraṇena bhagavā devamanussehi upasaṅkamitabbo, teneva kāraṇena upasaṅkamīti evamettha attho daṭṭhabbo. Kena ca kāraṇena bhagavā upasaṅkamitabbo? Nānappakāraguṇavisesādhigamādhippāyena, sāduphalūpabhogādhippāyena dijagaṇehi niccaphalitamahārukkho viya, tena kāraṇena upasaṅkamīti evamettha attho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Upasaṅkamī</span>ti ca gatoti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Upasaṅkamitvā</span>ti upasaṅkamanapariyosānadīpanaṃ. Atha vā evañca gato tato āsannataraṃ ṭhānaṃ bhagavato samīpasaṅkhātaṃ gantvātipi vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Abhivādetvā</span>ti <a name="M2.0238"></a> pañcapatiṭṭhitena vanditvā. Idāni yenaṭṭhena loke aggapuggalassa upaṭṭhānaṃ āgato, taṃ pucchitukāmo dasanakhasamodhānasamujjalaṃ añjaliṃ sirasi patiṭṭhapetvā <span class="bld">ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamanta</span>nti ca bhāvanapuṃsakaniddeso ‘‘visamaṃ candimasūriyā pariharantī’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 4.70) viya. Tasmā yathā nisinno ekamantaṃ nisinno hoti, tathā <span class="bld">nisīdī</span>ti evamettha attho daṭṭhabbo. Bhummatthe vā etaṃ upayogavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Nisīdī</span>ti nisajjaṃ kappesi. Paṇḍitā hi devamanussā garuṭṭhānīyaṃ upasaṅkamitvā āsanakusalatāya ekamantaṃ nisīdanti, ayañca thero tesaṃ aññataro, tasmā ekamantaṃ nisīdi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ nisinno pana ekamantaṃ nisinno hotīti? Cha nisajjadose vajjetvā. Seyyathidaṃ – atidūraṃ accāsannaṃ uparivātaṃ unnatappadesaṃ atisammukhaṃ atipacchāti. Atidūre nisinno hi sace kathetukāmo hoti, uccāsaddena kathetabbaṃ hoti. Accāsanne nisinno saṅghaṭṭanaṃ karoti. Uparivāte nisinno sarīragandhena bādhati. Unnatappadese nisinno agāravaṃ pakāseti. Atisammukhā <a name="V2.0221"></a> nisinno sace daṭṭhukāmo hoti, cakkhunā cakkhuṃ āhacca daṭṭhabbaṃ hoti. Atipacchā nisinno sace daṭṭhukāmo hoti, gīvaṃ pasāretvā daṭṭhabbaṃ hoti. Tasmā ayampi ete cha nisajjadose vajjetvā nisīdi. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘ekamantaṃ nisīdī’’ti. <span class="bld">Etadavocā</span>ti <a name="P3.0632"></a> etaṃ avoca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Suñño loko suñño lokoti, bhante, vuccatī</span>ti imasmiṃ sāsane paṭipannehi tehi tehi bhikkhūhi ‘‘suñño loko suñño loko’’ti kathīyatīti attho. Tahiṃ tahiṃ tādisānaṃ vacanānaṃ bahukattā tesaṃ sabbesaṃ saṅgaṇhanatthaṃ āmeḍitavacanaṃ kataṃ. Evañhi vutte sabbāni tāni vacanāni saṅgahitāni honti. <span class="bld">Kittāvatā</span>ti kittakena parimāṇena. <span class="bld">Nu</span>-iti saṃsayatthe nipāto. <span class="bld">Suññaṃ attena vā attaniyena vā</span>ti ‘‘kārako vedako sayaṃvasī’’ti evaṃ lokaparikappitena attanā ca attābhāvatoyeva attano santakena parikkhārena ca suññaṃ. Sabbaṃ cakkhādi lokiyaṃ dhammajātaṃ, taṃyeva lujjanapalujjanaṭṭhena loko nāma. Yasmā ca attā ca ettha natthi, attaniyañca ettha natthi, <span class="bld">tasmā suñño lokoti vuccatī</span>ti attho. Lokuttaropi ca <a name="M2.0239"></a> dhammo attattaniyehi suñño eva, pucchānurūpena pana lokiyova dhammo vutto. <span class="bld">Suñño</span>ti ca dhammo natthīti vuttaṃ na hoti, tasmiṃ dhamme attattaniyasārassa natthibhāvo vutto hoti. Loke ca ‘‘suññaṃ gharaṃ, suñño ghaṭo’’ti vutte gharassa ghaṭassa ca natthibhāvo vutto na hoti, tasmiṃ ghare ghaṭe ca aññassa natthibhāvo vutto hoti. Bhagavatā ca ‘‘iti yañhi kho tattha na hoti, tena taṃ suññaṃ samanupassati. Yaṃ pana tattha avasiṭṭhaṃ hoti, taṃ santaṃ idamatthīti pajānātī’’ti ayameva attho vutto. Tathā ñāyaganthe ca saddaganthe ca ayameva attho. Iti imasmiṃ suttante anattalakkhaṇameva kathitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para47"></a><span class="paranum">47</span>. Suttantaniddese <span class="bld">suññasuñña</span>ntiādīni pañcavīsati mātikāpadāni suññasambandhena uddisitvā tesaṃ niddeso kato. Tattha mātikāya tāva suññasaṅkhātaṃ suññaṃ, na aññena upapadena visesitanti <span class="bld">suññasuññaṃ</span>. Asukanti aniddiṭṭhattā cettha suññattameva vā apekkhitvā napuṃsakavacanaṃ kataṃ. Evaṃ sesesupi. Saṅkhāroyeva sesasaṅkhārehi suññoti <span class="bld">saṅkhārasuññaṃ</span>. Jarābhaṅgavasena virūpo pariṇāmo vipariṇāmo, tena vipariṇāmena suññaṃ <span class="bld">vipariṇāmasuññaṃ</span>. Aggañca taṃ attattaniyehi, sabbasaṅkhārehi vā suññañcāti <span class="bld">aggasuññaṃ</span>. Lakkhaṇameva sesalakkhaṇehi suññanti <span class="bld">lakkhaṇasuññaṃ</span>. Nekkhammādinā vikkhambhanena suññaṃ. <span class="bld">Vikkhambhanasuññaṃ. Tadaṅgasuññā</span>dīsupi catūsu eseva nayo. Ajjhattañca taṃ attattaniyādīhi suññañcāti <span class="bld">ajjhattasuññaṃ</span>. Bahiddhā ca taṃ attattaniyādīhi suññañcāti <span class="bld">bahiddhāsuññaṃ</span>. Tadubhayaṃ <a name="V2.0222"></a> attattaniyādīhi suññanti <span class="bld">dubhatosuññaṃ</span>. Samāno bhāgo etassāti sabhāgaṃ, sabhāgañca taṃ attattaniyādīhi suññañcāti <span class="bld">sabhāgasuññaṃ,</span> sadisasuññanti attho. Vigataṃ sabhāgaṃ visabhāgaṃ, visabhāgañca <a name="P3.0633"></a> taṃ attattaniyādīhi suññañcāti <span class="bld">visabhāgasuññaṃ,</span> visadisasuññanti attho. Kesuci potthakesu sabhāgasuññaṃ visabhāgasuññaṃ nissaraṇasuññānantaraṃ likhitaṃ. Nekkhammādiesanā kāmacchandādinā suññāti <span class="bld">esanāsuññaṃ. Pariggahasuññā</span>dīsu tīsupi eseva nayo. Ekārammaṇe patiṭṭhitattā nānārammaṇavikkhepābhāvato ekattañca taṃ nānattena suññañcāti <span class="bld">ekattasuññaṃ</span>. Tabbiparītena nānattañca <a name="M2.0240"></a> taṃ ekattena suññañcāti <span class="bld">nānattasuññaṃ</span>. Nekkhammādikhanti kāmacchandādinā suññāti <span class="bld">khantisuññaṃ. Adhiṭṭhānasuññe pariyogāhanasuññe ca</span> eseva nayo. Pariyogahanasuññantipi pāṭho. <span class="bld">Sampajānassā</span>ti sampajaññena samannāgatassa parinibbāyantassa arahato. <span class="bld">Pavattapariyādāna</span>nti anupādāparinibbānaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbasuññatāna</span>nti sabbasuññānaṃ. <span class="bld">Paramatthasuñña</span>nti sabbasaṅkhārābhāvato uttamatthabhūtaṃ suññaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para48"></a><span class="paranum">48</span>. Mātikāniddese <span class="bld">niccena vā</span>ti bhaṅgaṃ atikkamitvā pavattamānassa kassaci niccassa abhāvato niccena ca suññaṃ. <span class="bld">Dhuvena vā</span>ti vijjamānakālepi paccayāyattavuttitāya thirassa kassaci abhāvato dhuvena ca suññaṃ. <span class="bld">Sassatena vā</span>ti abbocchinnassa sabbakāle vijjamānassa kassaci abhāvato sassatena ca suññaṃ. <span class="bld">Avipariṇāmadhammena vā</span>ti jarābhaṅgavasena avipariṇāmapakatikassa kassaci abhāvato avipariṇāmadhammena ca suññaṃ. Suttante attasuññatāya eva vuttāyapi niccasuññatañca sukhasuññatañca dassetuṃ idha <span class="bld">niccena vā</span>tiādīnipi vuttāni. Aniccasseva hi pīḷāyogena dukkhattā niccasuññatāya vuttāya sukhasuññatāpi vuttāva hoti. Rūpādayo panettha cha visayā, cakkhuviññāṇādīni cha viññāṇāni, cakkhusamphassādayo cha phassā, cakkhusamphassajā vedanādayo cha vedanā cha saṅkhittāti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Puññābhisaṅkhāro</span>tiādīsu punāti attano kārakaṃ, pūreti cassa ajjhāsayaṃ, pujjañca bhavaṃ nibbattetīti puññaṃ, abhisaṅkharoti vipākaṃ kaṭattārūpañcāti abhisaṅkhāro, puññaṃ abhisaṅkhāro puññābhisaṅkhāro. Puññapaṭipakkhato apuññaṃ abhisaṅkhāro <span class="bld">apuññābhisaṅkhāro</span>. Na iñjaṃ aneñjaṃ, aneñjaṃ bhavaṃ abhisaṅkharotīti <span class="bld">āneñjābhisaṅkhāro</span>. Puññābhisaṅkhāro dānasīlabhāvanāvasena pavattā aṭṭha kāmāvacarakusalacetanā, bhāvanāvaseneva pavattā pañca rūpāvacarakusalacetanāti terasa cetanā honti, apuññābhisaṅkhāro pāṇātipātādivasena pavattā dvādasa akusalacetanā, āneñjābhisaṅkhāro bhāvanāvaseneva pavattā catasso arūpāvacaracetanāti <a name="V2.0223"></a> tayopi saṅkhārā ekūnatiṃsa cetanā honti. <span class="bld">Kāyasaṅkhāro</span>tiādīsu <a name="P3.0634"></a> kāyato vā pavatto, kāyassa vā saṅkhāroti kāyasaṅkhāro. <span class="bld">Vacīsaṅkhāracittasaṅkhāresu</span>pi eseva nayo. Ayaṃ tiko <a name="M2.0241"></a> kammāyūhanakkhaṇe puññābhisaṅkhārādīnaṃ dvārato pavattidassanatthaṃ vutto. Kāyaviññattiṃ samuṭṭhāpetvā hi kāyadvārato pavattā aṭṭha kāmāvacarakusalacetanā, dvādasa akusalacetanā, abhiññācetanā cāti ekavīsati cetanā kāyasaṅkhāro nāma, tā eva ca vacīviññattiṃ samuṭṭhāpetvā vacīdvārato pavattā vacīsaṅkhāro nāma, manodvāre pavattā pana sabbāpi ekūnatiṃsa cetanā cittasaṅkhāro nāma. <span class="bld">Atītā saṅkhārā</span>tiādīsu sabbepi saṅkhatadhammā sakakkhaṇaṃ patvā niruddhā atītā saṅkhārā, sakakkhaṇaṃ appattā <span class="bld">anāgatā saṅkhārā,</span> sakakkhaṇaṃ pattā <span class="bld">paccuppannā saṅkhārā</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vipariṇāmasuññe paccuppannaṃ dassetvā tassa tassa vipariṇāmo sukhena vattuṃ sakkāti paṭhamaṃ paccuppannadhammā dassitā. Tattha <span class="bld">jātaṃ rūpa</span>nti paccuppannaṃ rūpaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabhāvena suñña</span>nti ettha sayaṃ bhāvo sabhāvo, sayameva uppādoti attho. Sato vā bhāvo sabhāvo, attatoyeva uppādoti attho. Paccayāyattavuttittā paccayaṃ vinā sayameva bhāvo, attato eva vā bhāvo etasmiṃ natthīti sabhāvena suññaṃ, sayameva bhāvena, attato eva vā bhāvena suññanti vuttaṃ hoti. Atha vā sakassa bhāvo sabhāvo. Pathavīdhātuādīsu hi anekesu rūpārūpadhammesu ekeko dhammo paraṃ upādāya sako nāma. <span class="bld">Bhāvo</span>ti ca dhammapariyāyavacanametaṃ. Ekassa ca dhammassa añño bhāvasaṅkhāto dhammo natthi, tasmā sakassa aññena bhāvena suññaṃ, sako aññena bhāvena suññoti attho. Tena ekassa dhammassa ekasabhāvatā vuttā hoti. Atha vā <span class="bld">sabhāvena suñña</span>nti suññasabhāveneva suññaṃ. Kiṃ vuttaṃ hoti? Suññasuññatāya eva suññaṃ, na aññāhi pariyāyasuññatāhi suññanti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sace pana keci vadeyyuṃ ‘‘sako bhāvo sabhāvo, tena sabhāvena suñña’’nti. Kiṃ vuttaṃ hoti? Bhāvoti dhammo, so paraṃ upādāya sapadena visesito sabhāvo nāma hoti. Dhammassa kassaci avijjamānattā ‘‘jātaṃ rūpaṃ sabhāvena suñña’’nti rūpassa avijjamānatā vuttā hotīti. Evaṃ sati ‘‘jātaṃ rūpa’’ntivacanena virujjhati. Na hi uppādarahitaṃ jātaṃ nāma hoti. Nibbānañhi uppādarahitaṃ, taṃ jātaṃ nāma na <a name="M2.0242"></a> hoti, jātijarāmaraṇāni ca uppādarahitāni jātāni nāma na honti. Tenevettha ‘‘jātā jāti sabhāvena suññā<a name="P3.0635"></a>, jātaṃ jarāmaraṇaṃ <a name="V2.0224"></a> sabhāvena suñña’’nti evaṃ anuddharitvā bhavameva avasānaṃ katvā niddiṭṭhaṃ. Yadi uppādarahitassāpi ‘‘jāta’’ntivacanaṃ yujjeyya, ‘‘jātā jāti, jātaṃ jarāmaraṇa’’nti vattabbaṃ bhaveyya. Yasmā uppādarahitesu jātijarāmaraṇesu ‘‘jāta’’ntivacanaṃ na vuttaṃ, tasmā ‘‘sabhāvena suññaṃ avijjamāna’’nti vacanaṃ avijjamānassa uppādarahitattā ‘‘jāta’’ntivacanena virujjhati. Avijjamānassa ca ‘‘suñña’’ntivacanaṃ heṭṭhā vuttena lokavacanena ca bhagavato vacanena ca ñāyasaddaganthavacanena ca virujjhati, anekāhi ca yuttīhi virujjhati, tasmā taṃ vacanaṃ kacavaramiva chaḍḍitabbaṃ. ‘‘Yaṃ, bhikkhave, atthisammataṃ loke paṇḍitānaṃ, ahampi taṃ atthīti vadāmi. Yaṃ, bhikkhave, natthisammataṃ loke paṇḍitānaṃ, ahampi taṃ natthīti vadāmi. Kiñca, bhikkhave, atthisammataṃ loke paṇḍitānaṃ, yamahaṃ atthīti vadāmi? Rūpaṃ, bhikkhave, aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ atthisammataṃ loke paṇḍitānaṃ, ahampi taṃ atthīti vadāmī’’tiādīhi (saṃ. ni. 3.94) anekehi buddhavacanappamāṇehi anekāhi ca yuttīhi dhammā sakakkhaṇe vijjamānā evāti niṭṭhamettha gantabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vigataṃ rūpa</span>nti uppajjitvā bhaṅgaṃ patvā niruddhaṃ atītaṃ rūpaṃ. <span class="bld">Vipariṇatañceva suññañcā</span>ti jarābhaṅgavasena virūpaṃ pariṇāmaṃ pattañca vattamānasseva vipariṇāmasabbhāvato atītassa vipariṇāmābhāvato tena vipariṇāmena suññañcāti attho. <span class="bld">Jātā vedanā</span>tiādīsupi eseva nayo. Jātijarāmaraṇaṃ pana anipphannattā sakabhāvena anupalabbhanīyato idha na yujjati, tasmā ‘‘jātā jāti, jātaṃ jarāmaraṇa’’ntiādike dve naye pahāya bhavādikameva nayaṃ pariyosānaṃ katvā ṭhapitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Agga</span>nti agge bhavaṃ. <span class="bld">Seṭṭha</span>nti ativiya pasaṃsanīyaṃ. <span class="bld">Visiṭṭha</span>nti atisayabhūtaṃ. Viseṭṭhantipi pāṭho. Tidhāpi pasatthaṃ nibbānaṃ sammāpaṭipadāya paṭipajjitabbato <span class="bld">padaṃ</span> nāma. <span class="bld">Yadida</span>nti yaṃ idaṃ. Idāni vattabbaṃ nibbānaṃ nidasseti. Yasmā nibbānaṃ āgamma sabbasaṅkhārānaṃ samatho hoti, khandhūpadhikilesūpadhiabhisaṅkhārūpadhikāmaguṇūpadhisaṅkhātānaṃ upadhīnaṃ paṭinissaggo hoti, taṇhānaṃ khayo virāgo nirodho ca hoti, tasmā <span class="bld">sabbasaṅkhārasamatho sabbūpadhipaṭinissaggo</span> <a name="M2.0243"></a> <span class="bld">taṇhakkhayo virāgo nirodho</span>ti vuccati. <span class="bld">Nibbāna</span>nti sabhāvalakkhaṇena nigamitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Lakkhaṇesu <a name="V2.0225"></a> hi ‘‘tīṇimāni, bhikkhave, bālassa bālalakkhaṇāni bālanimittāni bālāpadānāni. Katamāni tīṇi? Idha, bhikkhave, bālo duccintitacintī ca hoti dubbhāsitabhāsī <a name="P3.0636"></a> ca dukkaṭakammakārī ca. Imāni kho, bhikkhave, tīṇi bālassa bālalakkhaṇāni bālanimittāni bālāpadānānī’’ti (a. ni. 3.3; ma. ni. 3.246) vuttaṃ. Paṇḍitehi bālassa bāloti sallakkhaṇato tividhaṃ <span class="bld">bālalakkhaṇaṃ</span>. ‘‘Tīṇimāni, bhikkhave, paṇḍitassa paṇḍitalakkhaṇāni paṇḍitanimittāni paṇḍitāpadānāni. Katamāni tīṇi? Idha, bhikkhave, paṇḍito sucintitacintī ca hoti subhāsitabhāsī ca sukatakammakārī ca. Imāni kho, bhikkhave, tīṇi paṇḍitassa paṇḍitalakkhaṇāni paṇḍitanimittāni paṇḍitāpadānānī’’ti (a. ni. 3.3; ma. ni. 3.253) vuttaṃ. Paṇḍitehi paṇḍitassa paṇḍitoti sallakkhaṇato tividhaṃ <span class="bld">paṇḍitalakkhaṇaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Tīṇimāni, bhikkhave, saṅkhatassa saṅkhatalakkhaṇāni. Katamāni tīṇi? Uppādo paññāyati, vayo paññāyati, ṭhitassa aññathattaṃ paññāyati. Imāni kho, bhikkhave, tīṇi saṅkhatassa saṅkhatalakkhaṇānī’’ti (a. ni. 3.47-48) vuttaṃ. Uppādo eva saṅkhatamiti lakkhaṇanti <span class="bld">saṅkhatalakkhaṇaṃ</span>. Evamitaradvayepi attho veditabbo. Iminā uppādakkhaṇe sesadvinnaṃ, ṭhitikkhaṇe sesadvinnaṃ, bhaṅgakkhaṇe ca sesadvinnaṃ abhāvo dassito. Yaṃ panettha peyyālamukhena jātiyā ca jarāmaraṇassa ca uppādādilakkhaṇaṃ vuttaṃ, taṃ vipariṇāmasuññatāya jātijarāmaraṇāni hitvā bhavapariyosānasseva nayassa vacanena ca uppādādīnaṃ uppādādiavacanasamayena ca virujjhati. Lakkhaṇasote patitattā pana sotapatitaṃ katvā likhitanti veditabbaṃ. Yathā ca abhidhamme (dha. sa. 562-565) ahetukavipākamanodhātumanoviññāṇadhātūnaṃ saṅgahavāre labbhamānampi jhānaṅgaṃ pañcaviññāṇasote patitvā gatanti na uddhaṭanti vuttaṃ, evamidhāpi sotapatitatā veditabbā. Atha vā jātijarāmaraṇavantānaṃ saṅkhārānaṃ uppādādayo ‘‘jātijarāmaraṇaṃ aniccato’’tiādīsu (paṭi. ma. 1.73; 2.4) viya tesaṃ viya katvā vuttanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nekkhammena</span> <a name="M2.0244"></a> <span class="bld">kāmacchando vikkhambhito ceva suñño cā</span>ti kāmacchando nekkhammena vikkhambhito ceva nekkhammassa tattha abhāvato teneva vikkhambhanasaṅkhātena nekkhammena suñño ca. Evaṃ sesesupi yojanā kātabbā. Tadaṅgappahānasamucchedappahānesupi cettha tadaṅgavasena ca samucchedavasena ca pahīnaṃ dūrīkatameva hotīti iminā dūrīkaraṇaṭṭhena vikkhambhanaṃ vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nekkhammena</span> <a name="V2.0226"></a> <span class="bld">kāmacchando tadaṅgasuñño</span>ti nekkhammena pahīno kāmacchando tena nekkhammasaṅkhātena aṅgena suñño. Atha vā yo koci kāmacchando nekkhammassa tattha abhāvato nekkhammena tena aṅgena suñño. Evaṃ sesesupi yojanā kātabbā. Tassa tassa aṅgassa tattha tattha abhāvamatteneva cettha upacārappanājhānavasena ca <a name="P3.0637"></a> vipassanāvasena ca tadaṅgasuññatā niddiṭṭhā. Pahānadīpakassa vacanassa abhāvena pana vivaṭṭanānupassanaṃyeva pariyosānaṃ katvā vipassanā niddiṭṭhā, cattāro maggā na niddiṭṭhā. <span class="bld">Nekkhammena kāmacchando samucchinno ceva suñño cā</span>tiādīsu vikkhambhane vuttanayeneva attho veditabbo. Tadaṅgavikkhambhanavasena pahīnānipi cettha samudācārābhāvato samucchinnāni nāma hontīti iminā pariyāyena samucchedo vutto, taṃtaṃsamucchedakiccasādhanavasena vā maggasampayuttanekkhammādivasena vuttantipi veditabbaṃ. Paṭippassaddhinissaraṇasuññesu ca idha vuttanayeneva attho veditabbo. Tadaṅgavikkhambhanasamucchedapahānesu panettha paṭippassaddhimattattaṃ nissaṭamattattañca gahetvā vuttaṃ. Pañcasupi etesu suññesu nekkhammādīniyeva vikkhambhanatadaṅgasamucchedapaṭippassaddhinissaraṇanāmena vuttāni. <span class="bld">Ajjhatta</span>nti ajjhattabhūtaṃ. <span class="bld">Bahiddhā</span>ti bahiddhābhūtaṃ. <span class="bld">Dubhatosuñña</span>nti ubhayasuññaṃ. Paccattādīsupi hi to-itivacanaṃ hotiyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Cha ajjhattikāyatanādīni chaajjhattikāyatanādīnaṃ bhāvena <span class="bld">sabhāgāni</span>. Parehi <span class="bld">visabhāgāni. Viññāṇakāyā</span>tiādīsu cettha kāyavacanena viññāṇādīniyeva vuttāni. <span class="bld">Nekkhammesanā</span>dīsu nekkhammādīniyeva tadatthikehi viññūhi esīyantīti esanā. Atha vā pubbabhāge nekkhammādīnaṃ esanāpi kāmacchandādīhi suññā, kiṃ pana nekkhammādīnītipi vuttaṃ hoti? <span class="bld">Pariggahā</span>dīsu nekkhammādīniyeva pubbabhāge esitāni aparabhāge pariggayhantīti <a name="M2.0245"></a> <span class="bld">pariggaho</span>ti, pariggahitāni pattivasena paṭilabbhantīti <span class="bld">paṭilābho</span>ti, paṭiladdhāni ñāṇavasena paṭivijjhīyantīti <span class="bld">paṭivedho</span>ti ca vuttāni. Ekattasuññañca nānattasuññañca sakiṃyeva pucchitvā ekattasuññaṃ vissajjetvā nānattasuññaṃ avissajjetvāva sakiṃ nigamanaṃ kataṃ. Kasmā na vissajjitanti ce? Vuttapariyāyenevettha yojanā ñāyatīti na vissajjitanti veditabbaṃ. Ayaṃ panettha yojanā – nekkhammaṃ ekattaṃ, kāmacchando nānattaṃ, kāmacchando nānattaṃ, nekkhammekattena suññanti. Evaṃ sesesupi yojanā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Khanti</span>ādīsu nekkhammādīniyeva khamanato ruccanato <span class="bld">khantī</span>ti, rocitāniyeva pavisitvā tiṭṭhanato <span class="bld">adhiṭṭhāna</span>nti, pavisitvā ṭhitānaṃ yathārucimeva sevanato <span class="bld">pariyogāhana</span>nti ca <a name="V2.0227"></a> vuttāni. <span class="bld">Idha</span> <a name="P3.0638"></a> <span class="bld">sampajāno</span>tiādiko paramatthasuññaniddeso parinibbānañāṇaniddese vaṇṇitoyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Imesu ca sabbesu suññesu saṅkhārasuññaṃ vipariṇāmasuññaṃ lakkhaṇasuññañca yathāvuttānaṃ dhammānaṃ aññamaññaasammissatādassanatthaṃ. Yattha pana akusalapakkhikānaṃ kusalapakkhikena suññatā vuttā, tena akusale ādīnavadassanatthaṃ. Yattha pana kusalapakkhikānaṃ akusalapakkhikena suññatā vuttā, tena kusale ānisaṃsadassanatthaṃ. Yattha attattaniyādīhi suññatā vuttā, taṃ sabbasaṅkhāresu nibbidājananatthaṃ. Aggasuññaṃ paramatthasuññañca nibbāne ussāhajananatthaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tesu aggasuññañca paramatthasuññañcāti dve suññāni atthato ekameva nibbānaṃ aggaparamatthavasena saupādisesaanupādisesavasena ca dvidhā katvā vuttaṃ. Tāni dve attattaniyasuññato saṅkhārasuññato ca sabhāgāni. ‘‘Suññasuññaṃ ajjhattasuññaṃ bahiddhāsuññaṃ dubhatosuññaṃ sabhāgasuññaṃ visabhāgasuñña’’nti imāni cha suññāni suññasuññameva hoti. Ajjhattādibhedato pana chadhā vuttāni. Tāni cha ca attattaniyādisuññato sabhāgāni. Saṅkhāravipariṇāmalakkhaṇasuññāni, vikkhambhanatadaṅgasamucchedapaṭippassaddhinissaraṇasuññāni, esanāpariggahapaṭilābhapaṭivedhasuññāni, ekattanānattasuññāni, khantiadhiṭṭhānapariyogāhanasuññāni cāti sattarasa suññāni attani avijjamānehi tehi tehi dhammehi suññattā avijjamānānaṃ vasena visuṃ visuṃ vuttāni. Saṅkhāravipariṇāmalakkhaṇasuññāni pana <a name="M2.0246"></a> itarena itarena asammissavasena sabhāgāni, vikkhambhanādīni pañca kusalapakkhena suññattā sabhāgāni, esanādīni cattāri, khantiādīni ca tīṇi akusalapakkhena suññattā sabhāgāni, ekattanānattasuññāni aññamaññapaṭipakkhavasena sabhāgāni.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Sabbe dhammā samāsena, tidhā dvedhā tathekadhā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Suññāti suññatthavidū, vaṇṇayantīdha sāsane.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ? Sabbe tāva lokiyā dhammā dhuvasubhasukhaattavirahitattā dhuvasubhasukhaattasuññā. Maggaphaladhammā dhuvasukhattavirahitattā dhuvasukhattasuññā. Aniccattāyeva sukhena suññā. Anāsavattā na subhena suññā. Nibbānadhammo attasseva abhāvato attasuñño. Lokiyalokuttarā pana sabbepi saṅkhatā dhammā sattassa kassaci abhāvato sattasuññā. Asaṅkhato <a name="V2.0228"></a><a name="P3.0639"></a> nibbānadhammo tesaṃ saṅkhārānampi abhāvato saṅkhārasuñño. Saṅkhatāsaṅkhatā pana sabbepi dhammā attasaṅkhātassa puggalassa abhāvato attasuññāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Saddhammappakāsiniyā paṭisambhidāmaggaaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Suññakathāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Yuganaddhavaggavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Niṭṭhitā ca majjhimavaggassa apubbatthānuvaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="chapter">(3) Paññāvaggo</p>
<p class="chapter">1. Mahāpaññākathā</p>
<p class="title">Mahāpaññākathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para1"></a><span class="paranum">1</span>. Idāni <a name="V2.0229"></a><a name="M2.0247"></a> visesato paññāpadaṭṭhānabhūtāya suññakathāya anantaraṃ kathitāya paññākathāya apubbatthānuvaṇṇanā. Tattha ādito tāva sattasu anupassanāsu ekekamūlakā satta paññā pucchāpubbaṅgamaṃ katvā niddiṭṭhā, puna sattānupassanāmūlakā ekekuttaramūlakā ca tisso paññā pucchaṃ akatvāva niddiṭṭhā, evamādito dasapaññāpāripūrī niddiṭṭhā. Tattha <span class="bld">aniccānupassanā</span> tāva yasmā aniccato diṭṭhesu saṅkhāresu ‘‘yadaniccaṃ, taṃ dukkha’’nti dukkhato ca ‘‘yaṃ dukkhaṃ, tadanattā’’ti anattato ca javati, tasmā sā <span class="bld">bhāvitā bahulīkatā javanapaññaṃ paripūreti</span>. Sā hi sakavisayesu javatīti javanā, javanā ca sā paññā cāti <span class="bld">javanapaññā. Dukkhānupassanā</span> samādhindriyanissitattā balavatī hutvā paṇidhiṃ nibbijjhati padāleti, tasmā <span class="bld">nibbedhikapaññaṃ paripūreti</span>. Sā hi nibbijjhatīti nibbedhikā, nibbedhikā ca sā paññā cāti <span class="bld">nibbedhikapaññā. Anattānupassanā</span> suññatādassanena vuddhippattiyā mahattappattattā <span class="bld">mahāpaññaṃ paripūreti</span>. Sā hi vuddhippattattā mahatī ca sā paññā cāti <span class="bld">mahāpaññā. Nibbidānupassanā</span> yasmā tissannaṃyeva anupassanānaṃ purimatopi āsevanāya balappattāvatthattā sabbasaṅkhāresu nibbindanasamatthā hutvā tikkhā hoti, tasmā <span class="bld">tikkhapaññaṃ paripūreti. Virāgānupassanā</span>pi yasmā tissannaṃyeva anupassanānaṃ purimatopi āsevanābalappattānaṃ vuddhatarāvatthattā sabbasaṅkhārehi virajjanasamatthā hutvā vipulā hoti, tasmā <span class="bld">vipulapaññaṃ paripūreti</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nirodhānupassanā</span>pi yasmā tissannaṃyeva anupassanānaṃ purimatopi āsevanābalappattānaṃ vuddhatarāvatthattā vayalakkhaṇavasena sabbasaṅkhārānaṃ nirodhadassanasamatthā hutvā gambhīrā hoti, tasmā <span class="bld">gambhīrapaññaṃ paripūreti</span>. Nirodho hi uttānapaññehi alabbhaneyyapatiṭṭhattā gambhīro, tasmiṃ <a name="P3.0640"></a> gambhīre gādhappattā paññāpi gambhīrā. <span class="bld">Paṭinissaggānupassanā</span>pi yasmā tissannaṃyeva anupassanānaṃ purimatopi āsevanābalappattānaṃ vuddhatarāvatthattā vayalakkhaṇavasena sabbasaṅkhārapaṭinissajjanasamatthā <a name="V2.0230"></a> hutvā asāmantā hoti, vuddhipariyantappattattā chahi paññāhi dūre hotīti attho. Tasmā <a name="M2.0248"></a> sayaṃ asāmantattā <span class="bld">asāmantapaññaṃ paripūreti</span>. Sā hi heṭṭhimapaññāhi dūrattā asāmantā, asamīpā vā paññāti asāmantapaññā. <span class="bld">Paṇḍiccaṃ paripūrentī</span>ti paṇḍitabhāvaṃ paripūrenti. Yasmā yathāvuttā satta paññā paripuṇṇā bhāvetvā paṇḍitalakkhaṇappatto sikhappattavuṭṭhānagāminivipassanāsaṅkhātehi saṅkhārupekkhānulomagotrabhuñāṇehi paṇḍito hutvā paṇḍiccena samannāgato hoti, tasmā ‘‘paṇḍiccaṃ paripūrentī’’ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aṭṭha paññā</span>ti paṇḍiccasaṅkhātāya paññāya saha sabbā aṭṭha paññā. <span class="bld">Puthupaññaṃ paripūrentī</span>ti yasmā tena paṇḍiccena samannāgato hutvā so paṇḍito gotrabhuñāṇānantaraṃ nibbānaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā lokuttarabhāvappattiyā lokiyato puthubhūtattā visuṃbhūtattā puthupaññātisaṅkhātaṃ maggaphalapaññaṃ pāpuṇāti, tasmā ‘‘aṭṭha paññā puthupaññaṃ paripūrentī’’ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Imā nava paññā</span>tiādīsu tasseva kamena adhigatamaggaphalassa ariyapuggalassa paṇītalokuttaradhammopayogena paṇītacittasantānattā pahaṭṭhākāreneva ca pavattamānacittasantānassa phalānantaraṃ otiṇṇabhavaṅgato vuṭṭhitassa maggapaccavekkhaṇā, tato ca bhavaṅgaṃ otaritvā vuṭṭhitassa phalapaccavekkhaṇā, imināva nayena pahīnakilesapaccavekkhaṇā, avasiṭṭhakilesapaccavekkhaṇā, nibbānapaccavekkhaṇāti pañca paccavekkhaṇā pavattanti. Tāsu paccavekkhaṇāsu maggapaccavekkhaṇā phalapaccavekkhaṇā ca paṭibhānapaṭisambhidā hoti. Kathaṃ? ‘‘Yaṃkiñci paccayasambhūtaṃ nibbānaṃ bhāsitattho vipāko kiriyāti ime pañca dhammā attho’’ti abhidhamme pāḷiṃ anugantvā tadaṭṭhakathāyaṃ vuttaṃ. Nibbānassa ca atthattā tadārammaṇaṃ maggaphalañāṇaṃ ‘‘atthesu ñāṇaṃ atthapaṭisambhidā’’ti (vibha. 718; paṭi. ma. 1.110) vacanato atthapaṭisambhidā hoti. Tassa atthapaṭisambhidābhūtassa maggaphalañāṇassa paccavekkhaṇañāṇaṃ ‘‘ñāṇesu ñāṇaṃ paṭibhānapaṭisambhidā’’ti vacanato paṭibhānapaṭisambhidā hoti. Sā ca paccavekkhaṇapaññā hāsākārena pavattamānacittasantānassa <span class="bld">hāsapaññā</span> nāma hoti. Tasmā <span class="bld">nava paññā hāsapaññaṃ paripūrentī</span>ti ca <span class="bld">hāsapaññā paṭibhānapaṭisambhidā</span>ti ca vuttaṃ. Sabbappakārāpi paññā tassa tassa atthassa pākaṭakaraṇasaṅkhātena paññāpanaṭṭhena paññā, tena tena vā pakārena dhamme jānātīti paññā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti <a name="P3.0641"></a><a name="M2.0249"></a> tassa vuttappakārassa ariyapuggalassa. Karaṇatthe sāmivacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Atthavavatthānato</span>ti yathāvuttassa pañcavidhassa atthassa vavatthāpanavasena. Vuttampi cetaṃ samaṇakaraṇīyakathāyaṃ <a name="V2.0231"></a> ‘‘hetuphalaṃ nibbānaṃ vacanattho atha vipākaṃ kiriyāti atthe pañca pabhede paṭhamantapabhedagataṃ ñāṇa’’nti. <span class="bld">Adhigatā hotī</span>ti paṭiladdhā hoti. Sāyeva paṭilābhasacchikiriyāya <span class="bld">sacchikatā</span>. Paṭilābhaphasseneva <span class="bld">phassitā paññāya. Dhammavavatthānato</span>ti ‘‘yo koci phalanibbattako hetu ariyamaggo bhāsitaṃ kusalaṃ akusalanti ime pañca dhammā dhammo’’ti abhidhamme pāḷiyānusārena vuttānaṃ pañcannaṃ dhammānaṃ vavatthāpanavasena. Vuttampi cetaṃ samaṇakaraṇīyakathāyaṃ ‘‘hetu ariyamaggo vacanaṃ kusalañca akusalañcāti dhamme pañca pabhede dutiyantapabhedagataṃ ñāṇa’’nti. <span class="bld">Niruttivavatthānato</span>ti tesaṃ tesaṃ atthadhammānaṃ anurūpaniruttīnaṃ vavatthāpanavasena. <span class="bld">Paṭibhānavavatthānato</span>ti paṭibhānasaṅkhātānaṃ tiṇṇaṃ paṭisambhidāñāṇānaṃ vavatthāpanavasena. <span class="bld">Tassimā</span>ti nigamanavacanametaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para2"></a><span class="paranum">2</span>. Evaṃ sabbasaṅgāhakavasena anupassanānaṃ visesaṃ dassetvā idāni vatthubhedavasena dassento <span class="bld">rūpe aniccānupassanā</span>tiādimāha. Taṃ heṭṭhā vuttatthameva. Puna rūpādīsuyeva atītānāgatapaccuppannavasena javanapaññaṃ dassetukāmo kevalaṃ rūpādivasena ca atītānāgatapaccuppannarūpādivasena ca pucchaṃ katvā pucchākameneva vissajjanaṃ akāsi. Tattha suddharūpādivissajjanesu paṭhamaṃ niddiṭṭhā eva paññā atītānāgatapaccuppannamūlakesu sabbavissajjanesu tesu atītādīsu javanavasena javanapaññāti niddiṭṭhā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para3"></a><span class="paranum">3</span>. Puna anekasuttantapubbaṅgamaṃ paññāpabhedaṃ dassetukāmo paṭhamaṃ tāva suttante uddisi. Tattha <span class="bld">sappurisasaṃsevo</span>ti heṭṭhā vuttappakārānaṃ sappurisānaṃ bhajanaṃ. <span class="bld">Saddhammassavana</span>nti tesaṃ sappurisānaṃ santike sīlādipaṭipattidīpakassa saddhammavacanassa savanaṃ. <span class="bld">Yonisomanasikāro</span>ti sutānaṃ dhammānaṃ atthūpaparikkhaṇavasena upāyena manasikāro. <span class="bld">Dhammānudhammapaṭipattī</span>ti lokuttaradhamme anugatassa sīlādipaṭipadādhammassa paṭipajjanaṃ. <span class="bld">Paññāpaṭilābhāya</span> <a name="M2.0250"></a> <span class="bld">paññāvuddhiyā paññāvepullāya paññābāhullāyā</span>ti imāni cattāri paññāvasena bhāvavacanāni. Sesāni dvādasa puggalavasena bhāvavacanāni.</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Soḷasapaññāniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para4"></a><span class="paranum">4</span>. Suttantaniddese <a name="P3.0642"></a> <span class="bld">channaṃ abhiññāñāṇāna</span>nti iddhividhadibbasotacetopariyapubbenivāsadibbacakkhuāsavānaṃ khayañāṇānaṃ. <span class="bld">Tesattatīnaṃ ñāṇāna</span>nti ñāṇakathāya niddiṭṭhānaṃ sāvakasādhāraṇānaṃ ñāṇānaṃ. <span class="bld">Sattasattatīnaṃ ñāṇāna</span>nti ettha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Sattasattari <a name="V2.0232"></a> vo, bhikkhave, ñāṇavatthūni desessāmi, taṃ suṇātha sādhukaṃ manasi karotha, bhāsissāmīti. Katamāni, bhikkhave, sattasattari ñāṇavatthūni? Jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇanti ñāṇaṃ, asati jātiyā natthi jarāmaraṇanti ñāṇaṃ. Atītampi addhānaṃ jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇanti ñāṇaṃ, asati jātiyā natthi jarāmaraṇanti ñāṇaṃ, anāgatampi addhānaṃ jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇanti ñāṇaṃ, asati jātiyā natthi jarāmaraṇanti ñāṇaṃ. Yampissa taṃ dhammaṭṭhitiñāṇaṃ, tampi khayadhammaṃ vayadhammaṃ virāgadhammaṃ nirodhadhammanti ñāṇaṃ. Bhavapaccayā jātīti ñāṇaṃ…pe… upādānapaccayā bhavoti ñāṇaṃ… taṇhāpaccayā upādānanti ñāṇaṃ… vedanāpaccayā taṇhāti ñāṇaṃ… phassapaccayā vedanāti ñāṇaṃ… saḷāyatanapaccayā phassoti ñāṇaṃ… nāmarūpapaccayā saḷāyatananti ñāṇaṃ… viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpanti ñāṇaṃ… saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇanti ñāṇaṃ… avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārāti ñāṇaṃ, asati avijjāya natthi saṅkhārāti ñāṇaṃ. Atītampi addhānaṃ avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārāti ñāṇaṃ, asati avijjāya natthi saṅkhārāti ñāṇaṃ, anāgatampi addhānaṃ avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārāti ñāṇaṃ, asati avijjāya natthi saṅkhārāti ñāṇaṃ. Yampissa taṃ dhammaṭṭhitiñāṇaṃ, tampi khayadhammaṃ vayadhammaṃ virāgadhammaṃ nirodhadhammanti ñāṇaṃ. Imāni vuccanti, bhikkhave, sattasattari ñāṇavatthūnī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 2.34) –</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ <a name="M2.0251"></a> bhagavatā nidānavagge vuttāni sattasattati ñāṇāni. ‘‘Jarāmaraṇe ñāṇaṃ, jarāmaraṇasamudaye ñāṇaṃ, jarāmaraṇanirodhe ñāṇaṃ, jarāmaraṇanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ñāṇa’’nti (saṃ. ni. 2.33) iminā nayena ekādasasu aṅgesu cattāri cattāri katvā vuttāni catucattārīsa ñāṇavatthūni pana idha na gahitāni. Ubhayattha ca ñāṇāniyeva hitasukhassa vatthūnīti <span class="bld">ñāṇavatthūni. Lābho</span>tiādīsu lābhoyeva upasaggena visesetvā <span class="bld">paṭilābho</span>ti vutto. Puna tasseva atthavivaraṇavasena <span class="bld">patti sampattī</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Phassanā</span>ti adhigamavasena phusanā. <span class="bld">Sacchikiriyā</span>ti paṭilābhasacchikiriyā. <span class="bld">Upasampadā</span>ti nipphādanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sattannañca sekkhāna</span>nti tisso sikkhā sikkhantīti sekkhasaññitānaṃ sotāpattimaggaṭṭhādīnaṃ sattannaṃ. <span class="bld">Puthujjanakalyāṇakassa cā</span>ti nibbānagāminiyā paṭipadāya yuttattā sundaraṭṭhena kalyāṇasaññitassa puthujjanassa. Vaḍḍhitaṃ vaḍḍhanaṃ etāyāti <span class="bld">vaḍḍhitavaḍḍhanā</span>. Yathāvuttānaṃ aṭṭhannampi paññānaṃ vasena visesato ca arahato paññāvasena <span class="bld">paññāvuddhiyā</span>. Tathā <span class="bld">paññāvepullāya. Mahante</span> <a name="P3.0643"></a> <span class="bld">atthe pariggaṇhātī</span>tiādīsu paṭisambhidappatto ariyasāvako atthādayo <a name="V2.0233"></a> ārammaṇakaraṇena pariggaṇhāti. Sabbāpi mahāpaññā ariyasāvakānaṃyeva. Tassā ca paññāya visayā heṭṭhā vuttatthā eva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Puthunānākhandhesū</span>tiādīsu <span class="bld">nānā</span>saddo puthusaddassa atthavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ñāṇaṃ pavattatīti puthupaññā</span>ti tesu tathāvuttesu khandhādīsu ñāṇaṃ pavattatīti katvā taṃ ñāṇaṃ puthupaññā nāmāti attho. <span class="bld">Nānāpaṭiccasamuppādesū</span>ti paṭiccasamuppannānaṃ dhammānaṃ vasena paccayabahuttā vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Nānāsuññatamanupalabbhesū</span>ti upalabbhanaṃ upalabbho, gahaṇanti attho. Na upalabbho anupalabbho, anupalabbhānaṃ bahuttā bahuvacanena anupalabbhā, pañcavīsatisuññatāvasena vā nānāsuññatāsu attattaniyādīnaṃ anupalabbhā nānāsuññatānupalabbhā, tesu. ‘‘Nānāsuññatānupalabbhesū’’ti vattabbe ‘‘adukkhamasukhā’’tiādīsu (dha. sa. tikamātikā 2) viya ma-kāro padasandhivasena vutto. Imā pañca paññā kalyāṇaputhujjanehi sādhāraṇā, <span class="bld">nānāatthā</span>dīsu paññā ariyānaṃyeva. <span class="bld">Puthujjanasādhāraṇe dhamme</span>ti lokiyadhamme. Iminā avasānapariyāyena <a name="M2.0252"></a> lokiyato puthubhūtanibbānārammaṇattā puthubhūtā visuṃbhūtā paññāti puthupaññā nāmāti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vipulapaññā</span> mahāpaññānayena veditabbā. Yathāvutte dhamme pariggaṇhantassa guṇamahantatāya tesaṃ dhammānaṃ pariggāhikāya ca paññāya mahantatā, tesaṃ dhammānaṃ sayameva mahantattā uḷārattā dhammānañca paññāya ca vipulatā veditabbā. <span class="bld">Gambhīrapaññā</span> puthupaññānayena veditabbā. Te ca dhammā te ca anupalabbhā sā ca paññā pakatijanena alabbhaneyyapatiṭṭhattā gambhīrā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yassa puggalassā</span>ti ariyapuggalasseva. <span class="bld">Añño kocī</span>ti puthujjano. <span class="bld">Abhisambhavitu</span>nti sampāpuṇituṃ. <span class="bld">Anabhisambhavanīyo</span>ti sampāpuṇituṃ asakkuṇeyyo. <span class="bld">Aññehī</span>ti puthujjaneheva. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhamakassā</span>ti arahattaphalaṭṭhato paṭṭhāya gaṇiyamāne aṭṭhamabhūtassa sotāpattimaggaṭṭhassa. <span class="bld">Dūre</span>ti vippakaṭṭhe. <span class="bld">Vidūre</span>ti visesena vippakaṭṭhe. <span class="bld">Suvidūre</span>ti suṭṭhu visesena vippakaṭṭhe. <span class="bld">Na santike</span>ti na samīpe. <span class="bld">Na sāmantā</span>ti na samīpabhāge. Imāni dve paṭisedhasahitāni vacanāni dūrabhāvasseva niyamanāni. <span class="bld">Upādāyā</span>ti paṭicca. <span class="bld">Sotāpannassā</span>ti sotāpattiphalaṭṭhassa. Eteneva taṃtaṃmaggapaññā taṃtaṃphalapaññāya dūreti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Paccekasambuddho</span>ti <a name="P3.0644"></a> upasaggena visesitaṃ. Itaradvayaṃ pana suddhameva āgataṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para5"></a><span class="paranum">5</span>. ‘‘Paccekabuddhassa sadevakassa ca lokassa paññā tathāgatassa paññāya dūre’’tiādīni vatvā tameva dūraṭṭhaṃ anekappakārato dassetukāmo <span class="bld">paññāpabhedakusalo</span>tiādimāha<a name="V2.0234"></a>. Tattha <span class="bld">paññāpabhedakusalo</span>ti attano anantavikappe paññāpabhede cheko. <span class="bld">Pabhinnañāṇo</span>ti anantappabhedapattañāṇo. Etena paññāpabhedakusalattepi sati tāsaṃ paññānaṃ anantabhedattaṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Adhigatapaṭisambhido</span>ti paṭiladdhaaggacatupaṭisambhidāñāṇo. <span class="bld">Catuvesārajjappatto</span>ti cattāri visāradabhāvasaṅkhātāni ñāṇāni patto. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Sammāsambuddhassa te paṭijānato ‘ime dhammā anabhisambuddhā’ti, tatra vata maṃ samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā devo vā <a name="M2.0253"></a> māro vā brahmā vā koci vā lokasmiṃ saha dhammena paṭicodessatīti nimittametaṃ, bhikkhave, na samanupassāmi, etamahaṃ, bhikkhave, nimittaṃ asamanupassanto khemappatto abhayappatto vesārajjappatto viharāmi. Khīṇāsavassa te paṭijānato ‘ime āsavā aparikkhīṇā’ti, ‘ye kho pana te antarāyikā dhammā vuttā, te paṭisevato nālaṃ antarāyāyā’ti, ‘yassa kho pana te atthāya dhammo desito, so na niyyāti takkarassa sammā dukkhakkhayāyā’ti, tatra vata maṃ samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā devo vā māro vā brahmā vā koci vā lokasmiṃ saha dhammena paṭicodessatīti nimittametaṃ, bhikkhave, na samanupassāmi, etamahaṃ, bhikkhave, nimittaṃ asamanupassanto khemappatto abhayappatto vesārajjappatto viharāmī’’ti (a. ni. 4.8; ma. ni. 1.150).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dasabalabaladhārī</span>ti dasa balāni etesanti dasabalā, dasabalānaṃ balāni dasabalabalāni, tāni dasabalabalāni dhārayatīti dasabalabaladhārī, dasabalañāṇabaladhārīti attho. Etehi tīhi vacanehi anantappabhedānaṃ neyyānaṃ pabhedamukhamattaṃ dassitaṃ. Soyeva paññāpayogavasena abhimaṅgalasammataṭṭhena <span class="bld">purisāsabho</span>. Asantāsaṭṭhena <span class="bld">purisasīho</span>. Mahantaṭṭhena <span class="bld">purisanāgo</span>. Pajānanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">purisājañño</span>. Lokakiccadhuravahanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">purisadhorayho</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha tejādikaṃ anantañāṇato laddhaṃ guṇavisesaṃ dassetukāmo tesaṃ tejādīnaṃ anantañāṇamūlakabhāvaṃ dassento <span class="bld">anantañāṇo</span>ti vatvā <span class="bld">anantatejo</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">anantañāṇo</span>ti gaṇanavasena ca pabhāvavasena ca antavirahitañāṇo. <span class="bld">Anantatejo</span>ti veneyyasantāne mohatamavidhamanena anantañāṇatejo. <span class="bld">Anantayaso</span>ti paññāguṇeheva lokattayavitthatānantakittighoso. <span class="bld">Aḍḍho</span>ti paññādhanasamiddhiyā samiddho. <span class="bld">Mahaddhano</span>ti paññādhanavaḍḍhattepi pabhāvamahattena mahantaṃ paññādhanamassāti mahaddhano<a name="P3.0645"></a>. Mahādhanotipi pāṭho. <span class="bld">Dhanavā</span>ti <a name="V2.0235"></a> pasaṃsitabbapaññādhanavattā niccayuttapaññādhanavattā atisayabhūtapaññādhanavattā dhanavā. Etesupi hi tīsu atthesu idaṃ vacanaṃ saddavidū icchanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ <a name="M2.0254"></a> paññāguṇena bhagavato attasampattisiddhiṃ dassetvā puna paññāguṇeneva lokahitasampattisiddhiṃ dassento <span class="bld">netā</span>tiādimāha. Tattha veneyye saṃsārasaṅkhātabhayaṭṭhānato nibbānasaṅkhātakhemaṭṭhānaṃ <span class="bld">netā</span>. Tattha nayanakāle eva saṃvaravinayapahānavinayavasena veneyye <span class="bld">vinetā</span>. Dhammadesanākāle eva saṃsayacchedanena <span class="bld">anunetā</span>. Saṃsayaṃ chinditvā paññāpetabbaṃ atthaṃ <span class="bld">paññāpetā</span>. Tathā paññāpitānaṃ nicchayakaraṇena <span class="bld">nijjhāpetā</span>. Tathā nijjhāyitassa atthassa paṭipattipayojanavasena <span class="bld">pekkhetā</span>. Tathāpaṭipanne paṭipattiphalena <span class="bld">pasādetā. So hi bhagavā</span>ti ettha hi-kāro anantaraṃ vuttassa atthassa kāraṇopadese nipāto. <span class="bld">Anuppannassa maggassa uppādetā</span>ti sakasantāne na uppannapubbassa chaasādhāraṇañāṇahetubhūtassa ariyamaggassa bodhimūle lokahitatthaṃ sakasantāne uppādetā. <span class="bld">Asañjātassa maggassa sañjanetā</span>ti veneyyasantāne asañjātapubbassa sāvakapāramiñāṇahetubhūtassa ariyamaggassa dhammacakkappavattanato pabhuti yāvajjakālā veneyyasantāne sañjanetā. Sāvakaveneyyānampi hi santāne bhagavato vuttavacaneneva ariyamaggassa sañjananato bhagavā sañjanetā nāma hoti. <span class="bld">Anakkhātassa maggassa akkhātā</span>ti aṭṭhadhammasamannāgatānaṃ buddhabhāvāya katābhinīhārānaṃ bodhisattānaṃ buddhabhāvāya byākaraṇaṃ datvā anakkhātapubbassa pāramitāmaggassa, ‘‘buddho bhavissatī’’ti byākaraṇamatteneva vā bodhimūle uppajjitabbassa ariyamaggassa akkhātā. Ayaṃ nayo paccekabodhisattabyākaraṇepi labbhatiyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Maggaññū</span>ti paccavekkhaṇāvasena attanā uppāditaariyamaggassa ñātā. <span class="bld">Maggavidū</span>ti veneyyasantāne janetabbassa ariyamaggassa kusalo. <span class="bld">Maggakovido</span>ti bodhisattānaṃ akkhātabbamagge vicakkhaṇo. Atha vā abhisambodhipaṭipattimaggaññū, paccekabodhipaṭipattimaggavidū, sāvakabodhipaṭipattimaggakovido. Atha vā ‘‘etena maggena ataṃsu pubbe, tarissantiyeva taranti ogha’’nti (saṃ. ni. 5.409) vacanato yathāyogaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannabuddhapaccekabuddhasāvakānaṃ maggavasena ca suññatānimittaappaṇihitamaggavasena <a name="P3.0646"></a> ca ugghaṭitaññūvipañcitaññūneyyapuggalānaṃ maggavasena ca yathākkamenatthayojanaṃ karonti. <span class="bld">Maggānugāmī ca panā</span>ti bhagavatā gatamaggānugāmino hutvā<a name="M2.0255"></a>. Ettha ca-saddo hetuatthe nipāto. Etena ca bhagavato magguppādanādiguṇādhigamāya hetu vutto hoti. Pana-saddo katatthe nipāto. Tena bhagavatā katamaggakaraṇaṃ vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Pacchā samannāgatā</span>ti paṭhamaṃ gatassa bhagavato pacchāgatasīlādiguṇena samannāgatā. Iti thero ‘‘anuppannassa maggassa uppādetā’’tiādīhi <a name="V2.0236"></a> yasmā sabbepi bhagavato sīlādayo guṇā arahattamaggameva nissāya āgatā, tasmā arahattamaggameva nissāya guṇaṃ kathesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Jānaṃ jānātī</span>ti jānitabbaṃ jānāti, sabbaññutāya yaṃkiñci paññāya jānitabbaṃ nāma atthi, taṃ sabbaṃ pañcaneyyapathabhūtaṃ paññāya jānātīti attho. <span class="bld">Passaṃ passatī</span>ti passitabbaṃ passati, sabbadassāvitāya taṃyeva neyyapathaṃ cakkhunā diṭṭhaṃ viya karonto paññācakkhunā passatīti attho. Yathā vā ekacco viparītaṃ gaṇhanto jānantopi na jānāti, passantopi na passati, na evaṃ bhagavā. Bhagavā pana yathāsabhāvaṃ gaṇhanto jānanto jānātiyeva, passanto passatiyeva. Svāyaṃ dassanapariṇāyakaṭṭhena <span class="bld">cakkhubhūto</span>. Viditatādiatthena <span class="bld">ñāṇabhūto</span>. Aviparītasabhāvaṭṭhena vā pariyattidhammapavattanato hadayena cintetvā vācāya nicchāritadhammamayoti vā <span class="bld">dhammabhūto</span>. Seṭṭhaṭṭhena <span class="bld">brahmabhūto</span>. Atha vā cakkhu viya bhūtoti <span class="bld">cakkhubhūto</span>. Ñāṇaṃ viya bhūtoti <span class="bld">ñāṇabhūto</span>. Dhammo viya bhūtoti <span class="bld">dhammabhūto</span>. Brahmā viya bhūtoti <span class="bld">brahmabhūto</span>. Svāyaṃ dhammassa vacanato, vattanato vā <span class="bld">vattā</span>. Nānappakārehi vacanato, vattanato vā <span class="bld">pavattā</span>. Atthaṃ nīharitvā nīharitvā nayanato <span class="bld">atthassa ninnetā</span>. Amatādhigamāya paṭipattidesanato, amatappakāsanāya vā dhammadesanāya amatassa adhigamāpanato <span class="bld">amatassa dātā</span>. Lokuttaradhammassa uppāditattā veneyyānurūpena yathāsukhaṃ lokuttaradhammassa dānena ca, dhammesu ca issaroti <span class="bld">dhammassāmī. Tathāgata</span>padaṃ heṭṭhā vuttatthaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni ‘‘jānaṃ jānātī’’tiādīhi vuttaṃ guṇaṃ sabbaññutāya visesetvā dassetukāmo sabbaññutaṃ sādhento <span class="bld">natthī</span>tiādimāha. Evaṃbhūtassa hi tassa bhagavato pāramitāpuññabalappabhāvanipphannena arahattamaggañāṇena sabbadhammesu savāsanassa sammohassa vihatattā <span class="bld">asacchikataṃ</span> nāma natthi. Asammohato sabbadhammānaṃ ñātattā <a name="P3.0647"></a> <span class="bld">aññātaṃ</span> nāma natthi. Tatheva <a name="M2.0256"></a> ca sabbadhammānaṃ cakkhunā viya ñāṇacakkhunā diṭṭhattā <span class="bld">adiṭṭhaṃ</span> nāma natthi. Ñāṇena pana pattattā <span class="bld">aviditaṃ</span> nāma natthi. Asammohasacchikiriyāya sacchikatattā <span class="bld">asacchikataṃ</span> nāma natthi. Asammohapaññāya phuṭṭhattā paññāya <span class="bld">aphassitaṃ</span> nāma natthi. <span class="bld">Paccuppanna</span>nti paccuppannaṃ kālaṃ vā dhammaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Upādāyā</span>ti ādāya, antokatvāti attho. ‘‘Upādāyā’’ti vacaneneva kālavinimuttaṃ nibbānampi gahitameva hoti. ‘‘Atītā’’divacanāni ca ‘‘natthī’’tiādivacaneneva ghaṭīyanti, ‘‘sabbe’’tiādivacanena vā. <span class="bld">Sabbe dhammā</span>ti sabbasaṅkhatāsaṅkhatadhammapariyādānaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbākārenā</span>ti sabbadhammesu ekekasseva dhammassa aniccākārādisabbākārapariyādānaṃ<a name="V2.0237"></a>. <span class="bld">Ñāṇamukhe</span>ti ñāṇābhimukhe. <span class="bld">Āpāthaṃ āgacchantī</span>ti osaraṇaṃ upenti. ‘‘Jānitabba’’ntipadaṃ ‘‘neyya’’ntipadassa atthavivaraṇatthaṃ vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Attattho vā</span>tiādīsu vā-saddo samuccayattho. <span class="bld">Attattho</span>ti attano attho. <span class="bld">Parattho</span>ti paresaṃ tiṇṇaṃ lokānaṃ attho. <span class="bld">Ubhayattho</span>ti attano ca paresañcāti sakiṃyeva ubhinnaṃ attho. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhadhammiko</span>ti diṭṭhadhamme niyutto, diṭṭhadhammappayojano vā attho. Samparāye niyutto, samparāyappayojano vā <span class="bld">samparāyiko. Uttāno</span>tiādīsu vohāravasena vattabbo sukhapatiṭṭhattā uttāno. Vohāraṃ atikkamitvā vattabbo suññatāpaṭisaṃyutto dukkhapatiṭṭhattā <span class="bld">gambhīro</span>. Lokuttaro accantatirokkhattā <span class="bld">gūḷho</span>. Aniccatādiko ghanādīhi paṭicchannattā <span class="bld">paṭicchanno</span>. Appacuravohārena vattabbo yathārutaṃ aggahetvā adhippāyassa netabbattā <span class="bld">neyyo</span>. Pacuravohārena vattabbo vacanamattena adhippāyassa nītattā <span class="bld">nīto</span>. Suparisuddhasīlasamādhivipassanattho tadaṅgavikkhambhanavasena vajjavirahitattā <span class="bld">anavajjo</span>. Kilesasamucchedanato ariyamaggattho <span class="bld">nikkileso</span>. Kilesapaṭippassaddhattā ariyaphalattho <span class="bld">vodāno</span>. Saṅkhatāsaṅkhatesu aggadhammattā nibbānaṃ <span class="bld">paramattho. Parivattatī</span>ti buddhañāṇassa visayabhāvato abahibhūtattā antobuddhañāṇe byāpitvā vā samantā vā āliṅgitvā vā visesena vā vattati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbaṃ kāyakamma</span>ntiādīhi bhagavato ñāṇamayataṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Ñāṇānuparivattatī</span>ti ñāṇaṃ anuparivattati, ñāṇavirahitaṃ na hotīti attho. <span class="bld">Appaṭihata</span>nti nirāvaraṇataṃ dasseti. Puna sabbaññutaṃ upamāya sādhetukāmo <a name="M2.0257"></a> <span class="bld">yāvataka</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha jānitabbanti <span class="bld">neyyaṃ,</span> neyyapariyanto neyyāvasānamassa atthīti <span class="bld">neyyapariyantikaṃ</span>. Asabbaññūnaṃ pana neyyāvasānameva natthi. <span class="bld">Ñāṇapariyantike</span>pi eseva nayo. Purimayamake vuttatthameva iminā yamakena visesetvā dasseti, tatiyayamakena paṭisedhavasena niyamitvā dasseti<a name="P3.0648"></a>. Ettha ca neyyaṃ ñāṇassa pathattā <span class="bld">neyyapatho. Aññamaññapariyantaṭṭhāyino</span>ti neyyañca ñāṇañca khepetvā ṭhānato aññamaññassa pariyante ṭhānasīlā. <span class="bld">Āvajjanappaṭibaddhā</span>ti manodvārāvajjanāyattā, āvajjitānantarameva jānātīti attho. <span class="bld">Ākaṅkhappaṭibaddhā</span>ti ruciāyattā, āvajjanānantaraṃ javanañāṇena jānātīti attho. Itarāni dve padāni imesaṃ dvinnaṃ padānaṃ yathākkamena atthappakāsanatthaṃ vuttāni. <span class="bld">Buddho āsayaṃ jānātī</span>tiādīni ñāṇakathāyaṃ vaṇṇitāni. Mahāniddese pana ‘‘bhagavā āsayaṃ jānātī’’ti (mahāni. 69) āgataṃ. Tattha ‘‘buddhassa bhagavato’’ti (mahāni. 69) āgataṭṭhāne ca idha katthaci ‘‘buddhassā’’ti āgataṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Antamaso</span>ti <a name="V2.0238"></a> uparimantena. <span class="bld">Timitimiṅgala</span>nti ettha timi nāma ekā macchajāti, timiṃ gilituṃ samatthā tato mahantasarīrā timiṅgalā nāma ekā macchajāti, timiṅgalampi gilituṃ samatthā pañcayojanasatikasarīrā timitimiṅgalā nāma ekā macchajāti. Idha jātiggahaṇena ekavacanaṃ katanti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Garuḷaṃ venateyya</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">garuḷo</span>ti jātivasena nāmaṃ, <span class="bld">venateyyo</span>ti gottavasena. <span class="bld">Padese</span>ti ekadese. <span class="bld">Sāriputtasamā</span>ti sabbabuddhānaṃ dhammasenāpatitthere gahetvā vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Sesasāvakā hi paññāya dhammasenāpatittherena samā nāma natthi. Yathāha – ‘‘etadaggaṃ, bhikkhave, mama sāvakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ mahāpaññānaṃ yadidaṃ sāriputto’’ti (a. ni. 1.188-189). Aṭṭhakathāyañca vuttaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Lokanāthaṃ ṭhapetvāna, ye caññe santi pāṇino;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Paññāya sāriputtassa, kalaṃ nāgghanti soḷasi’’nti. (visuddhi. 1.171);</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pharitvā</span>ti buddhañāṇaṃ sabbadevamanussānampi paññaṃ pāpuṇitvā ṭhānato tesaṃ paññaṃ pharitvā byāpitvā tiṭṭhati. <span class="bld">Atighaṃsitvā</span>ti buddhañāṇaṃ sabbadevamanussānampi paññaṃ atikkamitvā tesaṃ avisayabhūtampi sabbaṃ neyyaṃ ghaṃsitvā <a name="M2.0258"></a> bhañjitvā tiṭṭhati. Mahāniddese pana (mahāni. 69) ‘‘abhibhavitvā’’ti pāṭho, madditvātipi attho. <span class="bld">Yepi te</span>tiādīhi evaṃ pharitvā atighaṃsitvā ṭhānassa paccakkhakāraṇaṃ dasseti. Tattha <span class="bld">paṇḍitā</span>ti paṇḍiccena samannāgatā. <span class="bld">Nipuṇā</span>ti saṇhasukhumabuddhino sukhume atthantare paṭivijjhanasamatthā. <span class="bld">Kataparappavādā</span>ti ñātaparappavādā ceva parehi saddhiṃ katavādaparicayā ca. <span class="bld">Vālavedhirūpā</span>ti vālavedhidhanuggahasadisā. <span class="bld">Vobhindantā maññe caranti paññāgatena diṭṭhigatānī</span>ti <a name="P3.0649"></a> vālavedhī viya vālaṃ sukhumānipi paresaṃ diṭṭhigamanāni attano paññāgamanena bhindantā viya carantīti attho. Atha vā ‘‘gūthagataṃ muttagata’’ntiādīsu (a. ni. 9.11) viya paññā eva paññāgatāni, diṭṭhiyo eva diṭṭhigatāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pañhaṃ abhisaṅkharitvā</span>ti dvipadampi tipadampi catuppadampi pucchaṃ racayitvā. Tesaṃ pañhānaṃ atibahukattā sabbasaṅgahatthaṃ dvikkhattuṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Gūḷhāni ca paṭicchannāni</span> atthajātānīti pāṭhaseso. Tesaṃ tathā vinayaṃ disvā ‘‘attanā abhisaṅkhatapañhaṃ pucchatū’’ti evaṃ bhagavatā adhippetattā pañhaṃ pucchanti. Aññesaṃ pana pucchāya okāsameva adatvā bhagavā upasaṅkamantānaṃ dhammaṃ deseti. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Te <a name="V2.0239"></a> pañhaṃ abhisaṅkharonti ‘imaṃ mayaṃ pañhaṃ samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ upasaṅkamitvā pucchissāma, sace no samaṇo gotamo evaṃ puṭṭho evaṃ byākarissati, evamassa mayaṃ vādaṃ āropessāma. Evaṃ cepi no puṭṭho evaṃ byākarissati, evaṃpissa mayaṃ vādaṃ āropessāmā’ti. Te yena samaṇo gotamo, tenupasaṅkamanti, te samaṇo gotamo dhammiyā kathāya sandasseti samādapeti samuttejeti sampahaṃseti. Te samaṇena gotamena dhammiyā kathāya sandassitā samādapitā samuttejitā sampahaṃsitā na ceva samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ pañhaṃ pucchanti, kutossa vādaṃ āropessanti? Aññadatthu samaṇasseva gotamassa sāvakā sampajjantī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.289).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kasmā pañhaṃ na pucchantīti ce? Bhagavā kira parisamajjhe dhammaṃ desento parisāya ajjhāsayaṃ oloketi. Tato passati ‘‘ime paṇḍitā gūḷhaṃ rahassaṃ pañhaṃ ovaṭṭikasāraṃ katvā āgatā’’ti. So tehi apuṭṭhoyeva <a name="M2.0259"></a> ‘‘pañhapucchāya ettakā dosā, vissajjane ettakā, atthe pade akkhare ettakāti ime pañhe pucchanto evaṃ puccheyya, vissajjento evaṃ vissajjeyyā’’ti iti ovaṭṭikasāraṃ katvā ānīte pañhe dhammakathāya antare pakkhipitvā vidaṃseti. Te paṇḍitā ‘‘seyyā vata no, ye mayaṃ ime pañhe na pucchimha. Sacepi mayaṃ puccheyyāma, appatiṭṭhite no katvā samaṇo gotamo khipeyyā’’ti attamanā bhavanti. Apica buddhā nāma dhammaṃ desentā parisaṃ mettāya pharanti. Mettāya ca pharaṇena dasabalesu mahājanassa cittaṃ pasīdati. Buddhā nāma rūpaggappattā honti dassanasampannā madhurassarā mudujivhā suphusitadantāvaraṇā amatena hadayaṃ siñcantā viya dhammaṃ kathenti. Tatra nesaṃ mettāpharaṇena pasannacittānaṃ evaṃ hoti – evarūpaṃ advejjhakathaṃ amoghakathaṃ niyyānikakathaṃ kathentena bhagavatā saddhiṃ na sakkhissāma <a name="P3.0650"></a> paccanīkaggāhaṃ gaṇhitunti attano pasannabhāveneva pañhaṃ na pucchantīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kathitā visajjitā cā</span>ti evaṃ tumhe pucchathāti pucchitapañhānaṃ uccāraṇena te pañhā bhagavatā kathitā eva honti. Yathā ca te visajjetabbā, tathā visajjitā eva honti. <span class="bld">Niddiṭṭhakāraṇā</span>ti iminā kāraṇena iminā hetunā evaṃ hotīti evaṃ sahetukaṃ katvā visajjanena bhagavatā niddiṭṭhakāraṇā eva honti te pañhā. <span class="bld">Upakkhittakā ca te bhagavato sampajjantī</span>ti te khattiyapaṇḍitādayo bhagavato pañhavisajjaneneva bhagavato samīpe khittakā pādakhittakā sampajjanti, sāvakā vā sampajjanti upāsakā vāti attho, sāvakasampattiṃ vā pāpuṇanti upāsakasampattiṃ vāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Athā</span>ti anantaratthe, tesaṃ upakkhittakasampattisamanantaramevāti attho<a name="V2.0240"></a>. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti tasmiṃ ṭhāne, tasmiṃ adhikāre vā. <span class="bld">Atirocatī</span>ti ativiya joteti pakāsati. <span class="bld">Yadidaṃ paññāyā</span>ti yāyaṃ bhagavato paññā, tāya paññāya bhagavāva atirocatīti attho. <span class="bld">Iti</span>saddo kāraṇatthe, iminā kāraṇena <span class="bld">aggo asāmantapañño</span>ti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para6"></a><span class="paranum">6</span>. <span class="bld">Rāgaṃ abhibhuyyatīti bhūripaññā</span>ti sā sā maggapaññā attanā vajjhaṃ rāgaṃ abhibhuyyati abhibhavati maddatīti bhūripaññā. <span class="bld">Bhūrī</span>ti hi phuṭaṭṭho visadattho<a name="M2.0260"></a>. Yā ca phuṭā, sā paṭipakkhaṃ abhibhavati na aphuṭā, tasmā bhūripaññāya abhibhavanattho vutto. <span class="bld">Abhibhavitā</span>ti sā sā phalapaññā taṃ taṃ rāgaṃ abhibhavitavatī madditavatīti bhūripaññā. Abhibhavatāti vā pāṭho. Sesesupi eseva nayo. Rāgādīsu pana rajjanalakkhaṇo <span class="bld">rāgo</span>. Dussanalakkhaṇo <span class="bld">doso</span>. Muyhanalakkhaṇo <span class="bld">moho</span>. Kujjhanalakkhaṇo <span class="bld">kodho</span>. Upanandhanalakkhaṇo <span class="bld">upanāho</span>. Pubbakālaṃ kodho, aparakālaṃ upanāho. Paraguṇamakkhanalakkhaṇo <span class="bld">makkho</span>. Yugaggāhalakkhaṇo <span class="bld">paḷāso</span>. Parasampattikhīyanalakkhaṇā <span class="bld">issā</span>. Attano sampattinigūhaṇalakkhaṇaṃ <span class="bld">macchariyaṃ</span>. Attanā katapāpapaṭicchādanalakkhaṇā <span class="bld">māyā</span>. Attano avijjamānaguṇappakāsanalakkhaṇaṃ <span class="bld">sāṭheyyaṃ</span>. Cittassa uddhumātabhāvalakkhaṇo <span class="bld">thambho</span>. Karaṇuttariyalakkhaṇo <span class="bld">sārambho</span>. Unnatilakkhaṇo <span class="bld">māno</span>. Abbhunnatilakkhaṇo <span class="bld">atimāno</span>. Mattabhāvalakkhaṇo <span class="bld">mado</span>. Pañcasu kāmaguṇesu cittavosaggalakkhaṇo <span class="bld">pamādo</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rāgo ari, taṃ ariṃ maddanipaññā</span>tiādīhi kiṃ vuttaṃ hoti? Rāgādiko kileso cittasantāne bhūto arīti bhū-ari, padasandhivasena a-kāra lopaṃ katvā bhūrīti vutto. Tassa bhūrissa maddanī paññā bhūrimaddanipaññāti <a name="P3.0651"></a> vattabbe maddani sadda lopaṃ katvā ‘‘bhūripaññā’’ti vuttanti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Taṃ ariṃ maddanī</span>ti ca tesaṃ arīnaṃ maddanīti padacchedo kātabbo. <span class="bld">Pathavīsamāyā</span>ti vitthatavipulaṭṭheneva pathavīsamāya. <span class="bld">Vitthatāyā</span>ti pajānitabbe visaye patthaṭāya, na ekadese vattamānāya. <span class="bld">Vipulāyā</span>ti oḷārikabhūtāya. Mahāniddese pana ‘‘vipulāya vitthatāyā’’ti (mahāni. 27) āgataṃ. <span class="bld">Samannāgato</span>ti puggalo. <span class="bld">Iti</span>saddo kāraṇatthe, iminā kāraṇena puggalassa bhūripaññāya samannāgatattā tassa paññā bhūripaññā nāmāti bhūte atthe ramatīti attho. Bhūripaññassa paññā bhūripaññapaññāti vattabbe ekassa paññāsaddassa lopaṃ katvā ‘‘bhūripaññā’’ti vuttaṃ. Bhūrisamā paññāti vā bhūripaññā. <span class="bld">Apicā</span>ti aññapariyāyadassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Paññāyameta</span>nti paññāya etaṃ. <span class="bld">Adhivacana</span>nti adhikavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhūrī</span>ti bhūte atthe ramatīti bhūri. <span class="bld">Medhā</span>ti asani viya siluccaye kilese medhati <a name="V2.0241"></a> hiṃsatīti medhā, khippaṃ gahaṇadhāraṇaṭṭhena vā <a name="M2.0261"></a> medhā. <span class="bld">Pariṇāyikā</span>ti yassuppajjati, taṃ sattaṃ hitapaṭipattiyaṃ sampayuttadhamme ca yāthāvalakkhaṇapaṭivedhe ca parinetīti pariṇāyikā. Imeheva aññānipi paññāpariyāyavacanāni vuttāni honti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paññābāhulla</span>nti paññā bahulā assāti paññābahulo, tassa bhāvo paññābāhullaṃ. Tañca bahulaṃ pavattamānā paññā eva. <span class="bld">Idhekacco</span>tiādīsu puthujjanakalyāṇako vā ariyo vā. Paññā garukā assāti <span class="bld">paññāgaruko</span>. Paññā caritaṃ pavattaṃ assāti <span class="bld">paññācarito</span>. Paññā āsayo assāti <span class="bld">paññāsayo</span>. Paññāya adhimuttoti <span class="bld">paññādhimutto</span>. Paññā eva dhajabhūtā assāti <span class="bld">paññādhajo</span>. Paññā eva ketubhūtā assāti <span class="bld">paññāketu</span>. Paññā eva adhipati paññādhipati, paññādhipatito āgatattā <span class="bld">paññādhipateyyo</span>. Dhammasabhāvavicinanaṃ bahulamassāti <span class="bld">vicayabahulo</span>. Nānappakārena dhammasabhāvavicinanaṃ bahulamassāti <span class="bld">pavicayabahulo</span>. Paññāya ogāhetvā tassa tassa dhammassa khāyanaṃ pākaṭakaraṇaṃ okkhāyanaṃ, okkhāyanaṃ bahulamassāti <span class="bld">okkhāyanabahulo</span>. Paññāya tassa tassa dhammassa sammā pekkhaṇā sampekkhā, sampekkhāya ayanaṃ pavattanaṃ sampekkhāyanaṃ, sampekkhāyanaṃ dhammo pakati assāti <span class="bld">sampekkhāyanadhammo</span>. Taṃ taṃ dhammaṃ vibhūtaṃ pākaṭaṃ katvā viharatīti <span class="bld">vibhūtavihārī,</span> vibhūto vihāro vā assa atthīti vibhūtavihārī. Sā paññā caritaṃ, garukā, bahulā assāti <span class="bld">taccarito taggaruko tabbahulo</span>. Tassaṃ paññāyaṃ ninno, poṇo, pabbhāro, adhimuttoti <span class="bld">tanninno tappoṇo tappabbhāro tadadhimutto</span>. Sā paññā adhipati tadadhipati, tato āgato <span class="bld">tadadhipateyyo</span>. ‘‘Paññāgaruko’’tiādīni ‘‘kāmaṃ sevantaṃyeva jānāti ayaṃ <a name="P3.0652"></a> puggalo kāmagaruko’’tiādīsu (paṭi. ma. 1.113) viya purimajātito pabhuti vuttāni. ‘‘Taccarito’’tiādīni imissā jātiyā vuttāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sīghapaññā ca lahupaññā ca hāsapaññā ca javanapaññā ca lokiyalokuttaramissakā. Khippaṭṭhena <span class="bld">sīghapaññā</span>. Lahukaṭṭhena <span class="bld">lahupaññā</span>. Hāsabahulaṭṭhena <span class="bld">hāsapaññā</span>. Vipassanūpagasaṅkhāresu ca visaṅkhāre ca javanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">javanapaññā. Sīghaṃ sīgha</span>nti bahunnaṃ sīlādīnaṃ saṅgahatthaṃ dvikkhattuṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sīlānī</span>ti cārittavārittavasena paññattāni pātimokkhasaṃvarasīlāni. <span class="bld">Indriyasaṃvara</span>nti <a name="M2.0262"></a> cakkhādīnaṃ channaṃ indriyānaṃ rāgapaṭighappavesaṃ akatvā satikavāṭena vāraṇaṃ thakanaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhojane mattaññuta</span>nti paccavekkhitaparibhogavasena bhojane pamāṇaññubhāvaṃ. <span class="bld">Jāgariyānuyoga</span>nti divasassa tīsu koṭṭhāsesu, rattiyā paṭhamapacchimakoṭṭhāsesu ca jāgarati na niddāyati, samaṇadhammameva ca karotīti jāgaro, jāgarassa bhāvo, kammaṃ vā jāgariyaṃ, jāgariyassa anuyogo jāgariyānuyogo. Taṃ jāgariyānuyogaṃ. <span class="bld">Sīlakkhandha</span>nti sekkhaṃ asekkhaṃ vā sīlakkhandhaṃ. Evamitarepi <a name="V2.0242"></a> khandhā veditabbā. <span class="bld">Paññākkhandha</span>nti maggapaññañca sekkhāsekkhānaṃ lokiyapaññañca. <span class="bld">Vimuttikkhandha</span>nti phalavimuttiṃ. <span class="bld">Vimuttiñāṇadassanakkhandha</span>nti paccavekkhaṇañāṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Hāsabahulo</span>ti mūlapadaṃ. <span class="bld">Vedabahulo</span>ti tassā eva pītiyā sampayuttasomanassavedanāvasena niddesapadaṃ. <span class="bld">Tuṭṭhibahulo</span>ti nātibalavapītiyā tuṭṭhākāravasena. <span class="bld">Pāmojjabahulo</span>ti balavapītiyā pamuditabhāvavasena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para7"></a><span class="paranum">7</span>. <span class="bld">Yaṃ kiñci rūpa</span>ntiādi sammasanañāṇaniddese vuttatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Tulayitvā</span>ti kalāpasammasanavasena tuletvā. <span class="bld">Tīrayitvā</span>ti udayabbayānupassanāvasena tīrayitvā. <span class="bld">Vibhāvayitvā</span>ti bhaṅgānupassanādivasena pākaṭaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Vibhūtaṃ katvā</span>ti saṅkhārupekkhānulomavasena phuṭaṃ katvā. Tikkhapaññā lokuttarā eva. <span class="bld">Uppanna</span>nti samathavipassanāvasena vikkhambhanatadaṅgavasena pahīnampi ariyamaggena asamūhatattā uppattidhammataṃ anatītatāya asamūhatuppannanti vuccati, taṃ idha adhippetaṃ. <span class="bld">Nādhivāsetī</span>ti santānaṃ āropetvā na vāseti. <span class="bld">Pajahatī</span>ti samucchedavasena pajahati. <span class="bld">Vinodetī</span>ti khipati. <span class="bld">Byantīkarotī</span>ti vigatantaṃ karoti. <span class="bld">Anabhāvaṃ gametī</span>ti anu abhāvaṃ gameti, vipassanānukkamena ariyamaggaṃ patvā samucchedavaseneva abhāvaṃ gamayatīti attho. Ettha ca kāmapaṭisaṃyutto vitakko <span class="bld">kāmavitakko</span>. ‘‘Ime sattā marantū’’ti paresaṃ <a name="P3.0653"></a> maraṇapaṭisaṃyutto vitakko <span class="bld">byāpādavitakko</span>. ‘‘Ime sattā vihiṃsīyantū’’ti paresaṃ vihiṃsāpaṭisaṃyutto vitakko <span class="bld">vihiṃsāvitakko. Pāpake</span>ti lāmake. <span class="bld">Akusale dhamme</span>ti akosallasambhūte dhamme.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nibbedhikapaññā</span>ti nibbidābahulassa puggalassa uppannamaggapaññā eva. <span class="bld">Ubbegabahulo</span>ti ñāṇabhayavasena bhayabahulo. <span class="bld">Uttāsabahulo</span>ti balavabhayabahulo<a name="M2.0263"></a>. Idaṃ purimasseva atthavivaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Ukkaṇṭhanabahulo</span>ti saṅkhārato uddhaṃ visaṅkhārābhimukhatāya ukkaṇṭhanabahulo. <span class="bld">Anabhiratibahulo</span>ti ukkaṇṭhanavaseneva abhiratiabhāvaṃ dīpeti. Idānipi tamatthaṃ dvīhi vacanehi vivarati. Tattha <span class="bld">bahimukho</span>ti saṅkhārato bahibhūtanibbānābhimukho. <span class="bld">Na ramatī</span>ti nābhiramati. <span class="bld">Anibbiddhapubba</span>nti anamatagge saṃsāre antaṃ pāpetvā anibbiddhapubbaṃ. <span class="bld">Appadālitapubba</span>nti tasseva atthavacanaṃ, antakaraṇeneva apadālitapubbanti attho. <span class="bld">Lobhakkhandha</span>nti lobharāsiṃ, lobhakoṭṭhāsaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Imāhi soḷasahi paññāhi samannāgato</span>ti ukkaṭṭhaparicchedena arahāyeva vutto. Upari ‘‘eko sekkhapaṭisambhidappatto’’ti (paṭi. ma. 3.8) vuttattā sotāpannasakadāgāmianāgāminopi labbhantiyeva.</p>
<p class="subhead">2. Puggalavisesaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para8"></a><span class="paranum">8</span>. <span class="bld">Dve</span> <a name="V2.0243"></a> <span class="bld">puggalā</span>tiādīhi paṭisambhidappattapuggalavisesapaṭipāṭiṃ dasseti. Tattha <span class="bld">pubbayogo</span>ti atītajātīsu paṭisambhidappattihetubhūto puññapayogo. <span class="bld">Tenā</span>ti tena pubbayogakāraṇena. Evaṃ sesesupi. <span class="bld">Atireko hotī</span>ti atiritto hoti, atirekayogato vā ‘‘atireko’’ti vutto. <span class="bld">Adhiko hotī</span>ti aggo hoti. <span class="bld">Viseso hotī</span>ti visiṭṭho hoti, visesayogato vā viseso. <span class="bld">Ñāṇaṃ pabhijjatī</span>ti paṭisambhidāñāṇappabhedaṃ pāpuṇāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bahussuto</span>ti buddhavacanavasena. <span class="bld">Desanābahulo</span>ti dhammadesanāvasena. <span class="bld">Garūpanissito</span>ti paññāya adhikaṃ garuṃ upanissito. <span class="bld">Vihārabahulo</span>ti vipassanāvihārabahulo, phalasamāpattivihārabahulo vā. <span class="bld">Paccavekkhaṇābahulo</span>ti vipassanāvihāre sati vipassanāpaccavekkhaṇābahulo, phalasamāpattivihāre sati phalasamāpattipaccavekkhaṇābahulo. <span class="bld">Sekhapaṭisambhidappatto</span>ti sekho hutvā paṭisambhidappatto. Evaṃ <span class="bld">asekhapaṭisambhidappatto. Sāvakapāramippatto</span>ti ettha mahāpaññānaṃ aggassa mahāsāvakassa sattasaṭṭhiyā sāvakañāṇānaṃ pāragamanaṃ pāramī, sāvakassa pāramī sāvakapāramī, taṃ sāvakapāramiṃ pattoti sāvakapāramippatto. Sāvakapāramitāppattoti vā pāṭho. Sattasaṭṭhiyā <a name="M2.0264"></a> sāvakañāṇānaṃ pālako pūrako ca so mahāsāvako paramo, tassa paramassa ayaṃ sattasaṭṭhibhedā ñāṇakiriyā paramassa bhāvo, kammaṃ vāti pāramī, tassa sāvakassa pāramī sāvakapāramī<a name="P3.0654"></a>, taṃ pattoti sāvakapāramippatto. <span class="bld">Sāvakapāramippatto</span>ti mahāmoggallānattherādiko yo koci sāvako. Sāvakapāramippattasāvakato atirekassa aññassa sāvakassa abhāvā <span class="bld">eko paccekasambuddho</span>ti āha. Puna <span class="bld">paññāpabhedakusalo</span>tiādīhi vuttatthameva nigametvā dassesīti. Ñāṇakathāya yebhuyyena anekāni ñāṇāni niddiṭṭhāni. Paññākathāya yebhuyyena ekāpi paññā nānākāravasena nānākatvā vuttāti ayaṃ viseso.</p>
<p class="centered">Mahāpaññākathāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter">2. Iddhikathā</p>
<p class="title">Iddhikathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para9"></a><span class="paranum">9</span>. Idāni <a name="V2.0244"></a> paññākathāya anantaraṃ paññānubhāvaṃ dassentena kathitāya iddhikathāya apubbatthānuvaṇṇanā. Tattha pucchāsu tāva <span class="bld">kā iddhī</span>ti sabhāvapucchā. <span class="bld">Kati iddhiyo</span>ti pabhedapucchā. <span class="bld">Kati bhūmiyo</span>ti sambhārapucchā. <span class="bld">Kati pādā</span>ti patiṭṭhapucchā. <span class="bld">Kati padānī</span>ti āsannakāraṇapucchā. <span class="bld">Kati mūlānī</span>ti ādikāraṇapucchā. Visajjanesu <span class="bld">ijjhanaṭṭhena iddhī</span>ti nipphattiatthena paṭilābhaṭṭhena cāti attho. Yañhi nipphajjati paṭilabbhati ca, taṃ ijjhatīti vuccati. Yathāha – ‘‘kāmaṃ kāmayamānassa, tassa cetaṃ samijjhatī’’ti (su. ni. 772). ‘‘Nekkhammaṃ ijjhatīti iddhi, paṭiharatīti pāṭihāriya’’ntiādi (paṭi. ma. 3.32). Aparo nayo – ijjhanaṭṭhena iddhi, upāyasampadāyetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Upāyasampadā hi ijjhati adhippetaphalappasavanato. Yathāha – ‘‘ayaṃ kho, citto gahapati, sīlavā kalyāṇadhammo, sace paṇidahissati ‘anāgatamaddhānaṃ rājā assaṃ cakkavattī’ti. Ijjhissati hi sīlavato cetopaṇidhi visuddhattā’’ti (saṃ. ni. 4.352). Aparo nayo – etāya sattā ijjhantīti iddhi. <span class="bld">Ijjhantī</span>ti iddhā vuddhā ukkaṃsagatā hontīti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para10"></a><span class="paranum">10</span>. Dasasu iddhīsu adhiṭṭhānavasena nipphannattā <span class="bld">adhiṭṭhānā iddhi</span>. Pakativaṇṇavijahanavikāravasena pavattattā <span class="bld">vikubbanā iddhi</span>. Sarīrabbhantare aññassa <a name="M2.0265"></a> manomayassa sarīrassa nipphattivasena pavattattā <span class="bld">manomayā iddhi</span>. Ñāṇappavattito pubbe vā pacchā vā taṃkhaṇe vā ñāṇānubhāvanibbatto viseso <span class="bld">ñāṇavipphārā iddhi</span>. Samādhito pubbe vā pacchā vā taṃkhaṇe vā samathānubhāvanibbatto viseso <span class="bld">samādhivipphārā iddhi</span>. Cetovasippattānaṃ ariyānaṃyeva <a name="P3.0655"></a> sambhavato <span class="bld">ariyā iddhi</span>. Kammavipākavasena jāto viseso <span class="bld">kammavipākajā iddhi</span>. Pubbe katapuññassa jāto viseso <span class="bld">puññavato iddhi</span>. Vijjāya jāto viseso <span class="bld">vijjāmayā iddhi</span>. Tena tena sammāpayogena tassa tassa kammassa ijjhanaṃ <span class="bld">tattha tattha sammāpayogapaccayā ijjhanaṭṭhena iddhi</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Iddhiyā</span> <a name="V2.0245"></a> <span class="bld">catasso bhūmiyo</span>ti avisesetvā vuttepi yathālābhavasena adhiṭṭhānavikubbanamanomayiddhiyā eva bhūmiyo, na sesānaṃ. <span class="bld">Vivekajā bhūmī</span>ti vivekato vā viveke vā jātā vivekajā bhūmi. <span class="bld">Pītisukhabhūmī</span>ti pītisukhayuttā bhūmi. <span class="bld">Upekkhāsukhabhūmī</span>ti tatramajjhattupekkhāya ca sukhena ca yuttā bhūmi. <span class="bld">Adukkhamasukhābhūmī</span>ti adukkhamasukhavedanāyuttā bhūmi. Tesu paṭhamadutiyāni jhānāni pītipharaṇatā, tīṇi jhānāni sukhapharaṇatā, catutthajjhānaṃ cetopharaṇatā. Ettha ca purimāni tīṇi jhānāni yasmā pītipharaṇena ca sukhapharaṇena ca sukhasaññañca lahusaññañca okkamitvā lahumudukammaññakāyo hutvā iddhiṃ pāpuṇāti, tasmā iminā pariyāyena iddhilābhāya saṃvattanato sambhārabhūmiyoti veditabbāni. Catutthajjhānaṃ pana iddhilābhāya pakatibhūmiyeva. <span class="bld">Iddhilābhāyā</span>ti attano santāne pātubhāvavasena iddhīnaṃ lābhāya. <span class="bld">Iddhipaṭilābhāyā</span>ti parihīnānaṃ vā iddhīnaṃ vīriyārambhavasena puna lābhāya, upasaggavasena vā padaṃ vaḍḍhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Iddhivikubbanatāyā</span>ti iddhiyā vividhakaraṇabhāvāya. <span class="bld">Iddhivisavitāyā</span>ti vividhaṃ visesaṃ savati janeti pavattetīti visavī, vividhaṃ savanaṃ vā assa atthīti visavī, tassa bhāvo visavitā. Tassā visavitāya, iddhiyā vividhavisesapavattanabhāvāyāti attho. <span class="bld">Iddhivasībhāvāyā</span>ti iddhiyā issarabhāvāya. <span class="bld">Iddhivesārajjāyā</span>ti iddhivisāradabhāvāya. <span class="bld">Iddhipādā</span> ñāṇakathāyaṃ vuttatthā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Chandaṃ</span> <a name="M2.0266"></a> <span class="bld">ce bhikkhu nissāyā</span>ti yadi bhikkhu chandaṃ nissāya chandaṃ adhipatiṃ karitvā. <span class="bld">Labhati samādhi</span>nti samādhiṃ paṭilabhati nibbatteti. Sesesupi eseva nayo. Tattha chandavīriyacittavīmaṃsā cattāri padāni, taṃsampayuttā cattāro samādhī cattāri padānīti evaṃ aṭṭha padāni. Yasmā pana iddhimuppādetukāmatāchando samādhinā ekato niyuttova iddhilābhāya saṃvattati, tathā vīriyādayo, tasmā imāni aṭṭha padāni vuttānīti veditabbāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yaṃ taṃ bhagavatā abhiññā uppādetukāmassa yogino kattabbayogavidhiṃ dassentena ‘‘so evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte’’ti <a name="P3.0656"></a> (dī. ni. 1.238) cittassa āneñjaṃ vuttaṃ, taṃ thero soḷasadhā dassento <span class="bld">soḷasamūlānī</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">anonata</span>nti kosajjavasena anonataṃ, asallīnanti attho. <span class="bld">Anunnata</span>nti uddhaccavasena uddhaṃ na āruḷhaṃ, anuddhatanti attho. <span class="bld">Anabhinata</span>nti lobhavasena na abhinataṃ, anallīnanti attho. Abhikāmatāya nataṃ abhinatanti, idaṃ tādisaṃ na hotīti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Rāge</span>ti saṅkhāravatthukena lobhena. <span class="bld">Anapanata</span>nti dosavasena na apanataṃ, na <a name="V2.0246"></a> ghaṭṭananti attho. ‘‘Nataṃ natī’’ti atthato ekaṃ. Apagatanatanti apanataṃ, idaṃ tādisaṃ na hotīti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Anissita</span>nti anattato diṭṭhattā diṭṭhivasena ‘‘attā’’ti vā ‘‘attaniya’’nti vā kiñci na nissitaṃ. <span class="bld">Appaṭibaddha</span>nti paccupakārāsāvasena nappaṭibaddhaṃ. <span class="bld">Chandarāge</span>ti sattavatthukena lobhena. <span class="bld">Vippamutta</span>nti vikkhambhanavimuttivasena kāmarāgato vippamuttaṃ. Atha vā pañcavimuttivasena kāmarāgato vippamuttaṃ. Atha vā pañcavimuttivasena tato tato paṭipakkhato vippamuttaṃ. Idaṃ puthujjanasekhāsekhānampi abhiññāya uppādanato nirodhasamāpattiñāṇe ‘‘soḷasahi ñāṇacariyāhī’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.84) vuttanayena ukkaṭṭhaparicchedena vuttaṃ, yathālābhavasena pana gahetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Kāmarāge</span>ti methunarāgena. <span class="bld">Visaññutta</span>nti vikkhambhanato sesakilesehi visaṃyuttaṃ, ukkaṭṭhanayena samucchedato vā vippayuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Kilese</span>ti sesakilesena. <span class="bld">Vimariyādikata</span>nti vikkhambhitabbamariyādavasena vigatakilesamariyādaṃ kataṃ, tena tena <a name="M2.0267"></a> maggena pahātabbamariyādavasena vā vigatakilesamariyādaṃ kataṃ. <span class="bld">Kilesamariyāde</span>ti tena tena pahīnena kilesamariyādena. Liṅgavipallāso cettha daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Ekattagata</span>nti ekārammaṇagataṃ. <span class="bld">Nānattakilesehī</span>ti nānārammaṇe pavattamānehi kilesehi. Idaṃ ārammaṇamapekkhitvā vuttaṃ, ‘‘anonata’’ntiādi pana kilese eva apekkhitvā. <span class="bld">Obhāsagata</span>nti paññāya visadappavattivasena paññobhāsaṃ gataṃ. <span class="bld">Avijjandhakāre</span>ti balavaavijjāya. Catasso ca bhūmiyo soḷasa ca mūlāni iddhiyā pubbabhāgavasena vuttāni, cattāro ca pādā aṭṭha ca padāni pubbabhāgavasena ca sampayogavasena ca vuttānīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para10"></a><span class="paranum">10</span>. Evaṃ iddhiyā bhūmipādapadamūlabhūte dhamme dassetvā idāni tā iddhiyo dassento <span class="bld">katamā adhiṭṭhānā iddhī</span>tiādimāha. Tattha uddesapadānaṃ attho iddhividhañāṇaniddese vuttoyeva. <span class="bld">Idha bhikkhū</span>ti imasmiṃ sāsane bhikkhu. Tena sabbapakāravasena iddhividhakārakassa aññattha abhāvaṃ dīpeti. Imesaṃ dvinnaṃ padānaṃ niddeso heṭṭhā vuttattho. Teneva ca iddhiyā bhūmipādapadamūlabhūtehi <a name="P3.0657"></a> dhammehi samannāgato visuddhimagge (visuddhi. 2.365-366) vuttehi cuddasahi pannarasahi vā ākārehi paridamitacittatā ca chandādiekekādhipatisamāpajjanavasena āvajjanādivasībhāvavasena ca mudukammaññakatacittatā ca vuttā hoti. Balavapubbayogasampanno pubbayogasampattiyā arahattapaṭilābheneva paṭiladdhābhiññādiguṇo bhikkhu bhūmiādīhi dhammehi samannāgato hotīti katvā sopi vuttova hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bahukaṃ āvajjatī</span>ti pathavīkasiṇārammaṇaṃ abhiññāpādakaṃ catutthajjhānaṃ samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhāya sace sataṃ icchati, ‘‘sataṃ homi, sataṃ homī’’ti parikammakaraṇavasena āvajjati. <span class="bld">Āvajjitvā</span> <a name="V2.0247"></a> <span class="bld">ñāṇena adhiṭṭhātī</span>ti evaṃ parikammaṃ katvā abhiññāñāṇena adhiṭṭhāti. Ettha parikammaṃ katvā puna pādakajjhānasamāpajjanaṃ na vuttaṃ. Kiñcāpi na vuttaṃ, atha kho aṭṭhakathāyaṃ (visuddhi. 2.386) <span class="bld">‘‘āvajjatī</span>ti parikammavaseneva vuttaṃ, <span class="bld">āvajjitvā ñāṇena adhiṭṭhātī</span>ti abhiññāñāṇavasena vuttaṃ, tasmā bahukaṃ āvajjati, tato tesaṃ parikammacittānaṃ avasāne samāpajjati, samāpattito vuṭṭhahitvā puna ‘bahuko <a name="M2.0268"></a> homī’ti āvajjitvā tato paraṃ pavattānaṃ tiṇṇaṃ catunnaṃ vā pubbabhāgacittānaṃ anantarā uppannena sanniṭṭhāpanavasena adhiṭṭhānanti laddhanāmena ekeneva abhiññāñāṇena adhiṭṭhātīti evamettha attho daṭṭhabbo’’ti vuttattā evameva daṭṭhabbaṃ. Yathā ‘‘bhuñjitvā sayatī’’ti vutte pānīyaṃ apivitvā hatthadhovanādīni akatvā bhuttānantarameva sayatīti attho na hotīti antarā santesupi aññesu kiccesu ‘‘bhutvā sayatī’’ti vuccati, evamidhāpīti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Paṭhamaṃ pādakajjhānasamāpajjanampi hi pāḷiyaṃ avuttamevāti. Tena pana adhiṭṭhānañāṇena saheva sataṃ hoti. Sahassepi satasahassepi eseva nayo. Sace evaṃ na ijjhati, puna parikammaṃ katvā dutiyampi samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhāya adhiṭṭhātabbaṃ. Saṃyuttaṭṭhakathāyañhi ‘‘ekavāraṃ dvivāraṃ samāpajjituṃ vaṭṭatī’’ti vuttaṃ. Tattha pādakajjhānacittaṃ nimittārammaṇaṃ, parikammacittāni satārammaṇāni vā sahassārammaṇāni vā. Tāni ca kho vaṇṇavasena, na paṇṇattivasena. Adhiṭṭhānacittampi tatheva satārammaṇaṃ vā sahassārammaṇaṃ vā. Taṃ pubbe vuttaappanācittamiva gotrabhuanantaraṃ ekameva uppajjati rūpāvacaracatutthajjhānikaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yathāyasmā cūḷapanthako ekopi hutvā bahudhā hotī</span>ti bahudhābhāvassa kāyasakkhidassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Vattamānavacanaṃ panettha therassa tathākaraṇapakatikattā tassa dharamānakālattā ca katanti <a name="P3.0658"></a> veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Eko hotī</span>ti vārepi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatridaṃ vatthu (visuddhi. 2.386) – te dve bhātaro kira therā panthe jātattā ‘‘panthakā’’ti nāmaṃ labhiṃsu. Tesu jeṭṭho mahāpanthako pabbajitvā saha paṭisambhidāhi arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. So arahā hutvā cūḷapanthakaṃ pabbājetvā –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Padumaṃ yathā kokanadaṃ sugandhaṃ, pāto siyā phullamavītagandhaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Aṅgīrasaṃ passa virocamānaṃ, tapantamādiccamivantalikkhe’’ti. (a. ni. 5.195; saṃ. ni. 1.123) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Imaṃ <a name="V2.0248"></a><a name="M2.0269"></a> gāthaṃ adāsi. So taṃ catūhi māsehi paguṇaṃ kātuṃ nāsakkhi. Atha naṃ thero ‘‘abhabbo tvaṃ imasmiṃ sāsane, nikkhama ito’’ti āha. Tasmiñca kāle thero bhattuddesako hoti. Jīvako komārabhacco bahuṃ mālāgandhavilepanaṃ ādāya attano ambavanaṃ gantvā satthāraṃ pūjetvā dhammaṃ sutvā dasabalaṃ vanditvā theraṃ upasaṅkamitvā ‘‘sve, bhante, buddhappamukhāni pañca bhikkhusatāni ādāya amhākaṃ nivesane bhikkhaṃ gaṇhathā’’ti āha. Theropi ‘‘ṭhapetvā cūḷapanthakaṃ sesānaṃ adhivāsemī’’ti āha. Taṃ sutvā cūḷapanthako bhiyyoso mattāya domanassappatto hutvā punadivase pātova vihārā nikkhamitvā sāsane sāpekkhatāya vihāradvārakoṭṭhake rodamāno aṭṭhāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bhagavā tassa upanissayaṃ disvā taṃ upasaṅkamitvā ‘‘kasmā rodasī’’ti āha. So taṃ pavattiṃ ācikkhi. Bhagavā ‘‘na sajjhāyaṃ kātuṃ asakkonto mama sāsane abhabbo nāma hoti, mā soci, panthakā’’ti cakkacittatalena pāṇinā tassa sīsaṃ parāmasitvā taṃ bāhāyaṃ gahetvā vihāraṃ pavisitvā gandhakuṭipamukhe nisīdāpetvā iddhiyā abhisaṅkhataṃ parisuddhaṃ pilotikakhaṇḍaṃ ‘‘imaṃ pilotikaṃ ‘rajoharaṇaṃ rajoharaṇa’nti hatthena parimajjanto nisīda, panthakā’’ti vatvā tassa pilotikakhaṇḍaṃ datvā kāle ārocite bhikkhusaṅghaparivuto jīvakassa gehaṃ gantvā paññattāsane nisīdi. Tassa taṃ pilotikakhaṇḍaṃ tathāparimajjantassa kiliṭṭhaṃ hutvā kamena kāḷavaṇṇaṃ ahosi. So ‘‘idaṃ parisuddhaṃ pilotikakhaṇḍaṃ, natthettha doso, attabhāvaṃ nissāya panāyaṃ doso’’ti saññaṃ paṭilabhitvā pañcasu khandhesu ñāṇaṃ otāretvā vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhesi. Athassa bhagavā obhāsaṃ vissajjetvā purato nisinno viya paññāyamānarūpo hutvā imā obhāsagāthā abhāsi –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Rāgo <a name="P3.0659"></a> rajo na ca pana reṇu vuccati, rāgassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ rajoti;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Etaṃ rajaṃ vippajahitva bhikkhavo, viharanti te vigatarajassa sāsane.</p>
<p class="gathalast">‘‘Doso…pe… sāsane.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Moho <a name="M2.0270"></a> rajo na ca pana reṇu vuccati, mohassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ rajoti;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Etaṃ rajaṃ vippajahitva bhikkhavo, viharanti te vigatarajassa sāsane. (mahāni. 209);</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Adhicetaso <a name="V2.0249"></a> appamajjato, munino monapathesu sikkhato;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sokā na bhavanti tādino, upasantassa sadā satīmato’’ti. (udā. 37);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Gāthāpariyosāne thero saha paṭisambhidāhi arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. So manomayajjhānalābhī hutvā eko hutvā bahudhā, bahudhā hutvā eko bhavituṃ samattho ahosi. Arahattamaggenevassa tīṇi piṭakāni cha ca abhiññā āgamiṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Jīvakopi kho dasabalassa dakkhiṇodakaṃ upanāmesi. Satthā pattaṃ hatthena pidahitvā ‘‘kiṃ bhante’’ti puṭṭho ‘‘vihāre eko bhikkhu atthi, jīvakā’’ti āha. So purisaṃ pesesi ‘‘gaccha ayyaṃ gahetvā sīghaṃ ehī’’ti. Cūḷapanthakatthero tassa purisassa pure āgamanāyeva bhātaraṃ attano pattavisesaṃ ñāpetukāmo bhikkhusahassaṃ nimminitvā ekampi ekena asadisaṃ, ekassāpi ca cīvaravicāraṇādisāmaṇakakammaṃ aññena asadisaṃ akāsi. Puriso gantvā vihāre bahū bhikkhū disvā paccāgantvā ‘‘bahū, bhante, vihāre bhikkhū, pakkositabbaṃ ayyaṃ na passāmī’’ti jīvakassa kathesi. Jīvako satthāraṃ pucchitvā tassa nāmaṃ vatvā puna taṃ pesesi. So gantvā ‘‘cūḷapanthako nāma kataro bhante’’ti pucchi. ‘‘Ahaṃ cūḷapanthako, ahaṃ cūḷapanthako’’ti sakiṃyeva mukhasahassaṃ kathesi. So puna gantvā ‘‘sabbepi kira cūḷapanthakā, ahaṃ pakkositabbaṃ na jānāmī’’ti āha. Jīvako paṭividdhasaccatāya ‘‘iddhimā bhikkhū’’ti nayato aññāsi. Bhagavā āha – ‘‘gaccha, yaṃ paṭhamaṃ passasi, taṃ cīvarakaṇṇe gahetvā satthā taṃ āmantetīti vatvā ānehī’’ti. So gantvā tathā akāsi. Tāvadeva sabbepi nimmitā antaradhāyiṃsu. Thero taṃ uyyojetvā mukhadhovanādisarīrakiccaṃ niṭṭhapetvā paṭhamataraṃ gantvā paññattāsane <a name="M2.0271"></a> nisīdi. Tasmiṃ khaṇe satthā dakkhiṇodakaṃ gaṇhitvā bhattakiccaṃ katvā cūḷapanthakatthereneva bhattānumodanaṃ dhammakathaṃ <a name="P3.0660"></a> kathāpesi. Thero dīghamajjhimāgamappamāṇaṃ dhammakathaṃ kathesīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aññe bhikkhū adhiṭṭhānena manomayaṃ kāyaṃ abhinimminitvā tayo vā cattāro vā abhinimminanti, bahuke ekasadiseyeva ca katvā nimminanti ekavidhameva kammaṃ kurumāne. Cūḷapanthakatthero pana ekāvajjaneneva bhikkhusahassaṃ māpesi. Dvepi jane na ekasadise akāsi, na ekavidhaṃ kammaṃ kurumāne. Tasmā manomayaṃ kāyaṃ abhinimminantānaṃ aggo nāma jāto. Aññe pana bahū aniyametvā nimmitā iddhimatā sadisāva honti. Ṭhānanisajjādīsu <a name="V2.0250"></a> ca bhāsitatuṇhībhāvādīsu ca yaṃ yaṃ iddhimā karoti, taṃ tadeva karonti. Sace pana nānāvaṇṇaṃ kātukāmo hoti keci paṭhamavaye keci majjhimavaye keci pacchimavaye, tathā dīghakese upaḍḍhamuṇḍe muṇḍe missakakese upaḍḍharattacīvare paṇḍukacīvare padabhāṇadhammakathāsarabhaññapañhāpucchanapañhāvisajjanarajanapacanacīvarasibbanadhovanādīni karonte aparepi vā nānappakārake kātukāmo hoti, tena pādakajjhānato vuṭṭhāya ‘‘ettakā bhikkhū paṭhamavayā hontū’’tiādinā nayena parikammaṃ katvā puna samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhāya adhiṭṭhātabbaṃ, adhiṭṭhānacittena saddhiṃ icchiticchitappakārāyeva hontīti. Eseva nayo <span class="bld">bahudhāpi hutvā eko hotī</span>tiādīsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ayaṃ pana viseso – <span class="bld">pakatiyā bahuko</span>ti nimmitakālabbhantare nimmitapakatiyā bahuko. Iminā ca bhikkhunā evaṃ bahubhāvaṃ nimminitvā puna ‘‘ekova hutvā caṅkamissāmi, sajjhāyaṃ karissāmi, pañhaṃ pucchissāmī’’ti cintetvā vā, ‘‘ayaṃ vihāro appabhikkhuko, sace keci āgamissanti ‘kuto ime ettakā ekasadisā bhikkhū, addhā therassa esa ānubhāvo’ti maṃ jānissantī’’ti appicchatāya vā antarāva ‘‘eko homī’’ti icchantena pādakajjhānaṃ samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhāya ‘‘eko homī’’ti parikammaṃ katvā puna samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhāya ‘‘eko homī’’ti adhiṭṭhātabbaṃ. Adhiṭṭhānacittena saddhiṃyeva eko hoti. Evaṃ akaronto pana yathāparicchinnakālavasena sayameva eko hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para11"></a><span class="paranum">11</span>. <span class="bld">Āvibhāva</span>nti padaṃ <a name="M2.0272"></a> nikkhipitvā <span class="bld">kenaci anāvaṭaṃ hotī</span>ti vuttattā kenaci anāvaṭapadena āvibhāvapadassa pākaṭabhāvattho vutto. ‘‘Hotī’’ti padena ‘‘karotī’’ti pāṭhaseso vutto hoti. Pākaṭaṃ hontañhi āvibhāve kate hoti. <span class="bld">Kenaci anāvaṭa</span>nti kuṭṭādinā yena kenaci anāvaṭaṃ āvaraṇavirahitaṃ. <span class="bld">Appaṭicchanna</span>nti uparito acchāditaṃ. Tadeva anāvaṭattā <span class="bld">vivaṭaṃ</span>. Appaṭicchannattā <span class="bld">pākaṭaṃ. Tirobhāva</span>nti <a name="P3.0661"></a> antaritabhāvaṃ karoti. Āvaṭaṃyeva tena āvaraṇena <span class="bld">pihitaṃ</span>. Paṭicchannaṃyeva tena paṭicchādanena <span class="bld">paṭikujjitaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ākāsakasiṇasamāpattiyā</span>ti paricchedākāsakasiṇe uppāditāya catutthajjhānasamāpattiyā. <span class="bld">Lābhī</span>ti lābho assa atthīti lābhī. <span class="bld">Aparikkhitte</span>ti kenaci samantato aparikkhitte padese. Idha ākāsakasiṇasseva vuttattā tattha bhāvitameva jhānaṃ ākāsakaraṇassa paccayo hoti, na aññanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Upariāpokasiṇādīsupi tadārammaṇameva jhānaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ, na aññaṃ<a name="V2.0251"></a>. <span class="bld">Pathaviṃ āvajjati, udakaṃ āvajjati, ākāsaṃ āvajjatī</span>ti pakatipathavīudakaākāse āvajjati. <span class="bld">Antalikkhe</span>ti tassa ākāsassa pathavito dūrākāsabhāvaṃ dīpeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para12"></a><span class="paranum">12</span>. Candimasūriyaparimajjane kasiṇaniyamaṃ akatvā ‘‘iddhimā cetovasippatto’’ti avisesena vuttattā natthettha kasiṇasamāpattiniyamoti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Nisinnako vā nipannako vā</span>ti nisinno vā nipanno vā. Imeheva itarairiyāpathadvayampi vuttameva hoti. <span class="bld">Hatthapāse hotū</span>ti hatthasamīpe hotu. Hatthapasse hotūtipi pāṭho. Idaṃ tathā kātukāmassa vasena vuttaṃ. Ayaṃ pana tattha gantvāpi hatthaṃ vaḍḍhetvāpi āmasati. <span class="bld">Āmasatī</span>ti īsakaṃ phusati. <span class="bld">Parāmasatī</span>ti bāḷhaṃ phusati. <span class="bld">Parimajjatī</span>ti samantato phusati. <span class="bld">Rūpagata</span>nti hatthapāse ṭhitarūpameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dūrepi santike adhiṭṭhātī</span>ti pādakajjhānato vuṭṭhāya dūre devalokaṃ vā brahmalokaṃ vā āvajjati ‘‘santike hotū’’ti. Āvajjitvā parikammaṃ katvā puna samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhāya ñāṇena adhiṭṭhāti ‘‘santike hotū’’ti. Santike hoti. Esa nayo sesapadesupi. Brahmalokaṃ <a name="M2.0273"></a> pana gantukāmassa dūrassa santikakaraṇaṃ vatvā brahmalokagamanassa anupakārampi imāya iddhiyā ijjhamānavisesaṃ dassento <span class="bld">santikepī</span>tiādimāha. Tattha na kevalaṃ thokakaraṇabahukaraṇameva, ‘‘amadhuraṃ madhura’’ntiādīsupi yaṃ yaṃ icchati, taṃ sabbaṃ iddhimato ijjhati. Aparo nayo – <span class="bld">dūrepi santike adhiṭṭhātī</span>ti dūre brahmalokaṃ vā manussalokassa santike adhiṭṭhāti. <span class="bld">Santikepi dūre adhiṭṭhātī</span>ti santike manussalokaṃ vā dūre brahmaloke adhiṭṭhāti. <span class="bld">Bahukampi thokaṃ adhiṭṭhātī</span>ti sace brahmāno bahū sannipatitā honti, mahāattabhāvattā dassanūpacāraṃ savanūpacāraṃ pajahanti, dassanūpacāre ca savanūpacāre ca ekajjhaṃ saṅkhipitvā bahukampi thokanti adhiṭṭhāti. <span class="bld">Thokampi bahukaṃ adhiṭṭhātī</span>ti sace mahāparivārena <a name="P3.0662"></a> gantukāmo hoti, ekakattā thokaṃ attānaṃ bahukaṃ adhiṭṭhahitvā mahāparivāro gacchatīti evamettha attho daṭṭhabbo. Evaṃ sati catubbidhampi taṃ brahmalokagamane upakāro hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dibbena cakkhunā tassa brahmuno rūpaṃ passatī</span>ti idha ṭhito ālokaṃ vaḍḍhetvā yassa brahmuno rūpaṃ daṭṭhukāmo, dibbena cakkhunā tassa brahmuno rūpaṃ passati. Idheva ṭhito dibbāya sotadhātuyā tassa brahmuno bhāsamānassa saddaṃ suṇāti. Cetopariyañāṇena tassa brahmuno cittaṃ pajānāti. <span class="bld">Dissamānenā</span>ti cakkhunā pekkhiyamānena. <span class="bld">Kāyavasena cittaṃ pariṇāmetī</span>ti rūpakāyassa vasena cittaṃ pariṇāmeti. Pādakajjhānacittaṃ gahetvā kāye āropeti, kāyānugatikaṃ karoti dandhagamanaṃ. Kāyagamanañhi dandhaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Adhiṭṭhātī</span>ti tasseva vevacanaṃ, sanniṭṭhāpetīti <a name="V2.0252"></a> attho. <span class="bld">Sukhasaññañca lahusaññañca okkamitvā</span>ti pādakajjhānārammaṇena iddhicittena sahajātaṃ sukhasaññañca lahusaññañca okkamitvā pavisitvā phusitvā pāpuṇitvā. Sukhasaññā ca nāma upekkhāsampayuttasaññā. Upekkhā hi santaṃ sukhanti vuttā, sāyeva saññā nīvaraṇehi ceva vitakkādipaccanīkehi ca vimuttattā lahusaññātipi veditabbā. Taṃ okkantassa panassa karajakāyopi tūlapicu viya sallahuko hoti. So evaṃ vātakkhittatūlapicunā viya sallahukena dissamānena kāyena brahmalokaṃ gacchati. Evaṃ gacchanto ca sace icchati, pathavīkasiṇavasena ākāse maggaṃ nimminitvā padasā gacchati. Sace icchati, ākāse pathavīkasiṇavaseneva <a name="M2.0274"></a> pade pade padumaṃ nimminitvā padume padume padaṃ nikkhipanto padasā gacchati. Sace icchati, vāyokasiṇavasena vātaṃ adhiṭṭhahitvā tūlapicu viya vāyunā gacchati. Apica gantukāmatāva ettha pamāṇaṃ. Sati hi gantukāmatāya evaṃkatacittādhiṭṭhāno adhiṭṭhānavegakkhittova so jiyāvegakkhitto saro viya dissamāno gacchati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cittavasena kāyaṃ pariṇāmetī</span>ti karajakāyaṃ gahetvā pādakajjhānacitte āropeti, cittānugatikaṃ karoti sīghagamanaṃ. Cittagamanañhi sīghaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Sukhasaññañca lahusaññañca okkamitvā</span>ti rūpakāyārammaṇena iddhicittena sahajātaṃ sukhasaññañca lahusaññañca. Sesaṃ vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ. Idaṃ pana cittagamanameva hoti. Evaṃ adissamānena kāyena gacchanto panāyaṃ kiṃ tassādhiṭṭhānacittassa uppādakkhaṇe gacchati? Udāhu ṭhitikkhaṇe bhaṅgakkhaṇe vāti vutte ‘‘tīsupi khaṇesu gacchatī’’ti thero āha. Kiṃ pana so sayaṃ gacchati, nimmitaṃ pesetīti? Yathāruci <a name="P3.0663"></a> karoti. Idha panassa sayaṃ gamanameva āgataṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Manomaya</span>nti adhiṭṭhānamanena nimmitattā manomayaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbaṅgapaccaṅga</span>nti sabbaaṅgapaccaṅgavantaṃ. <span class="bld">Ahīnindriya</span>nti idaṃ cakkhusotādīnaṃ saṇṭhānavasena vuttaṃ, nimmitarūpe pana pasādo nāma natthi. <span class="bld">Sace so iddhimā caṅkamati, nimmitopi tattha caṅkamatī</span>tiādi sabbaṃ sāvakanimmitaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Buddhanimmitā pana yaṃ yaṃ bhagavā karoti, taṃ tampi karonti, bhagavato cittavasena aññampi karontīti. <span class="bld">Dhūmāyati pajjalatī</span>ti tejokasiṇavasena. <span class="bld">Dhammaṃ bhāsatī</span>tiādīni tīṇi aniyametvā vuttāni. <span class="bld">Santiṭṭhatī</span>ti saṅgamma tiṭṭhati. <span class="bld">Sallapatī</span>ti saṅgamma lapati. <span class="bld">Sākacchaṃ samāpajjatī</span>ti aññamaññassa uttarapaccuttaradānavasena saṃkathaṃ karoti. Ettha ca yaṃ so iddhimā idheva ṭhito dibbena cakkhunā rūpaṃ passati, dibbāya sotadhātuyā saddaṃ suṇāti, cetopariyañāṇena cittaṃ pajānāti, yampi so idheva ṭhito tena brahmunā saddhiṃ santiṭṭhati<a name="V2.0253"></a>, sallapati, sākacchaṃ samāpajjati, yampissa ‘‘dūrepi santike adhiṭṭhātī’’tiādikaṃ adhiṭṭhānaṃ, yampi so dissamānena vā adissamānena vā kāyena brahmalokaṃ gacchati, ettāvatā na kāyena <a name="M2.0275"></a> vasaṃ vatteti. Yañca kho ‘‘so tassa brahmuno purato rūpiṃ abhinimminātī’’tiādinā nayena vuttavidhānaṃ āpajjati, ettāvatā kāyena vasaṃ vatteti nāma. Sesaṃ pana kāyena vasavattanāya pubbabhāgadassanatthaṃ vuttanti. Ayaṃ tāva adhiṭṭhānā iddhi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para13"></a><span class="paranum">13</span>. Vikubbaniddhiniddese sikhissa bhagavato sāvakanidassanaṃ vikubbaniddhiyā kāyasakkhipuggaladassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Tampi dassento paṭhamaṃ tāva <span class="bld">brahmaloke ṭhito sahassilokadhātuṃ sarena viññāpesī</span>ti ativiya acchariyaabbhutabhūtaṃ sahassilokadhātuyā saddasavanaṃ adhiṭṭhāniddhiṃ dassesi. Idāni tassa vatthussa paridīpanatthamidaṃ vuccati – imasmā hi kappā ekatiṃse kappe sikhī bhagavā anantarajātiyā tusitapurato cavitvā aruṇavatīnagare aruṇavato rañño pabhāvatiyā nāma mahesiyā kucchismiṃ nibbattitvā paripakkañāṇo mahābhinikkhamanaṃ nikkhamitvā bodhimaṇḍe sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ paṭivijjhitvā pavattavaradhammacakko aruṇavatiṃ nissāya viharanto ekadivasaṃ pātova sarīrapaṭijagganaṃ katvā mahābhikkhusaṅghaparivāro ‘‘aruṇavatiṃ piṇḍāya pavisissāmī’’ti nikkhamitvā vihāradvārakoṭṭhakasamīpe ṭhito abhibhuṃ nāma aggasāvakaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘atippago kho, bhikkhu, aruṇavatiṃ piṇḍāya pavisituṃ. Yena aññataro brahmaloko tenupasaṅkamissāmā’’ti. Yathāha <a name="P3.0664"></a> –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, sikhī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho abhibhuṃ bhikkhuṃ āmantesi – ‘āyāma, brāhmaṇa, yena aññataro brahmaloko, tenupasaṅkamissāma yāva bhattassa kālo bhavissatī’ti. ‘Evaṃ bhante’ti kho, bhikkhave, abhibhū bhikkhu sikhissa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa paccassosi. Atha kho, bhikkhave, sikhī ca bhagavā abhibhū ca bhikkhu yena aññataro brahmaloko, tenupasaṅkamiṃsū’’ti (saṃ. ni. 1.185).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha mahābrahmā sammāsambuddhaṃ disvā attamano paccuggamanaṃ katvā brahmāsanaṃ paññāpetvā adāsi. Therassāpi anucchavikaṃ āsanaṃ paññāpayiṃsu. Nisīdi bhagavā paññatte āsane, theropi attano pattāsane nisīdi. Mahābrahmāpi dasabalaṃ vanditvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Tenāha – atha kho, bhikkhave, sikhī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho abhibhuṃ bhikkhuṃ āmantesi <a name="V2.0254"></a><a name="M2.0276"></a> – ‘‘paṭibhātu, brāhmaṇa, taṃ brahmuno ca brahmaparisāya ca brahmapārisajjānañca dhammī kathā’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho, bhikkhave, abhibhū bhikkhu sikhissa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa paṭissuṇitvā brahmuno ca brahmaparisāya ca brahmapārisajjānañca dhammakathaṃ kathesi. There dhammakathaṃ kathente brahmāno ujjhāyiṃsu ‘‘cirassañca mayaṃ satthu brahmalokāgamanaṃ labhimhā, ayañca bhikkhu ṭhapetvā satthāraṃ sayaṃ dhammakathaṃ ārabhī’’ti. Satthā tesaṃ anattamanabhāvaṃ ñatvā abhibhuṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ujjhāyanti kho te, brāhmaṇa, brahmā ca brahmaparisā ca brahmapārisajjā ca. Tena hi, tvaṃ brāhmaṇa, bhiyyoso mattāya saṃvejehī’’ti. Thero satthu vacanaṃ sampaṭicchitvā anekavihitaṃ iddhivikubbanaṃ katvā sahassilokadhātuṃ sarena viññāpento –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Ārambhatha nikkamatha, yuñjatha buddhasāsane;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Dhunātha maccuno senaṃ, naḷāgāraṃva kuñjaro.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yo imasmiṃ dhammavinaye, appamatto vihassati;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Pahāya jātisaṃsāraṃ, dukkhassantaṃ karissatī’’ti. (a. ni. 1.185) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Imaṃ gāthādvayaṃ abhāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kiṃ pana katvā thero sahassilokadhātuṃ sarena viññāpesīti? Nīlakasiṇaṃ tāva samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhāya abhiññāñāṇena cakkavāḷasahasse sabbattha andhakāraṃ phari. Tato ‘‘kimidaṃ andhakāra’’nti sattānaṃ ābhoge uppanne ālokakasiṇaṃ samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhāya ālokaṃ dassesi. ‘‘Kiṃ āloko aya’’nti vicinantānaṃ attānaṃ dassesi. Cakkavāḷasahasse ca devamanussā añjaliṃ paggaṇhitvā theraṃyeva <a name="P3.0665"></a> namassamānā aṭṭhaṃsu. Thero ‘‘mahājano mayhaṃ dhammaṃ desentassa saddaṃ suṇātū’’ti imā gāthā abhāsi. Sabbe osaṭāya parisāya majjhe nisīditvā dhammaṃ desentassa viya saddaṃ assosuṃ. Atthopi tesaṃ pākaṭo ahosi. Taṃ viññāpanaṃ sandhāya ‘‘sarena viññāpesī’’ti vuttaṃ. Tena kataṃ anekavihitaṃ iddhivikubbanaṃ sandhāya puna <span class="bld">so dissamānenapī</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">dhammaṃ desesī</span>ti paṭhamaṃ vuttappakāraṃ <a name="M2.0277"></a> iddhivikubbanaṃ dassento dhammaṃ desesi, tato yathāvuttakkamena dve gāthā bhāsanto sarena <a name="V2.0255"></a> viññāpesīti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Dissamānenapi kāyenā</span>tiādīsu ca itthaṃbhūtalakkhaṇe karaṇavacanaṃ, evaṃbhūtakāyo hutvāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni taṃ vatthuṃ dassetvā aññassāpi iddhimato vikubbaniddhikaraṇavidhānaṃ dassento <span class="bld">so pakativaṇṇaṃ vijahitvā</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">so</span>ti heṭṭhā vuttavidhānena mudukammaññakatacitto so iddhimā bhikkhu. Sace vikubbaniddhiṃ kātukāmo hoti, attano <span class="bld">pakativaṇṇaṃ</span> pakatisaṇṭhānaṃ <span class="bld">vijahitvā kumārakavaṇṇaṃ vā</span> dasseti. Kathaṃ? Pathavīkasiṇārammaṇābhiññāpādakacatutthajjhānato vuṭṭhāya ‘‘evarūpo kumārako homī’’ti nimminitabbaṃ kumārakavaṇṇaṃ āvajjitvā kataparikammāvasāne puna samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhāya ‘‘evarūpo nāma kumārako homī’’ti abhiññāñāṇena adhiṭṭhāti, saha adhiṭṭhānena kumārako hotīti. Visuddhimagge (visuddhi. 1.100) kasiṇaniddese ‘‘pathavīkasiṇavasena ekopi hutvā bahudhā hotītiādibhāvo…pe… evamādīni ijjhantī’’ti vacanena idha pathavīkasiṇārammaṇaṃ pādakajjhānaṃ yujjati. Tattheva pana abhiññāniddese vikubbaniddhiyā ‘‘pathavīkasiṇādīsu aññatarārammaṇato abhiññāpādakajjhānato vuṭṭhāyā’’ti vuttaṃ, tattheva (visuddhi. 2.398) ca ‘‘attano kumārakavaṇṇo āvajjitabbo’’ti vuttaṃ, taṃ nāgādinimmāne na yujjati viya. Nāgavaṇṇādinimmānepi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">nāgavaṇṇa</span>nti sappasaṇṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Supaṇṇavaṇṇa</span>nti garuḷasaṇṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Indavaṇṇa</span>nti sakkasaṇṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Devavaṇṇa</span>nti sesadevasaṇṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Samuddavaṇṇaṃ</span> pana āpokasiṇavasena ijjhati. <span class="bld">Patti</span>nti padātiṃ. <span class="bld">Vividhampi senābyūha</span>nti hatthiādīnaṃ vasena anekavihitaṃ senāsamūhaṃ. Visuddhimagge pana ‘‘hatthimpi dassetītiādi panettha bahiddhāpi hatthiādidassanavasena vuttaṃ. Tattha ‘hatthī homī’ti anadhiṭṭhahitvā ‘hatthī hotū’ti adhiṭṭhātabbaṃ. Assādīsupi eseva nayo’’ti vuttaṃ, taṃ ‘‘pakativaṇṇaṃ vijahitvā’’ti vuttamūlapadena <a name="P3.0666"></a> ca vikubbaniddhibhāvena ca virujjhati. Pāḷiyaṃ vuttakkamena hi pakativaṇṇaṃ avijahitvā adhiṭṭhānavasena aññassa dassanaṃ adhiṭṭhāniddhi nāma, pakativaṇṇaṃ vijahitvā adhiṭṭhānavasena attano aññathādassanaṃ vikubbaniddhi nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para14"></a><span class="paranum">14</span>. Manomayiddhiñāṇaniddese <a name="M2.0278"></a> <span class="bld">imamhā kāyā aññaṃ kāyaṃ abhinimminātī</span>tiādīsu iddhimā bhikkhu manomayiddhiṃ kātukāmo ākāsakasiṇārammaṇapādakajjhānato vuṭṭhāya attano rūpakāyaṃ tāva āvajjitvā vuttanayeneva ‘‘susiro hotū’’ti adhiṭṭhāti, susiro hoti<a name="V2.0256"></a>. Atha tassa abbhantare pathavīkasiṇavasena aññaṃ kāyaṃ āvajjitvā parikammaṃ katvā vuttanayeneva adhiṭṭhāti, tassa abbhantare añño kāyo hoti. So taṃ mukhato abbūhitvā bahi ṭhapeti. Idāni tamatthaṃ upamāhi pakāsento <span class="bld">seyyathāpī</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">muñjamhā</span>ti muñjatiṇamhā. <span class="bld">Īsikaṃ pavāheyyā</span>ti kaḷīraṃ luñceyya. <span class="bld">Kosiyā</span>ti kosakato. <span class="bld">Karaṇḍā</span>ti karaṇḍāya, purāṇatacakañcukatoti attho. Tattha ca <span class="bld">uddhareyyā</span>ti cittenevassa uddharaṇaṃ veditabbaṃ. Ayañhi ahi nāma sajātiyaṃ ṭhito, kaṭṭhantaraṃ vā rukkhantaraṃ vā nissāya, tacato sarīraṃ nikkaḍḍhanapayogasaṅkhātena thāmena, sarīraṃ khādayamānaṃ viya purāṇatacaṃ jigucchanto imehi catūhi kāraṇehi sayameva kañcukaṃ pajahāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca yathā īsikādayo muñjādīhi sadisā honti, evamidaṃ manomayaṃ rūpaṃ iddhimatā sabbākārehi sadisameva hotīti dassanatthaṃ imā upamā vuttāti. ‘‘Manomayena kāyena, iddhiyā upasaṅkamī’’ti (theragā. 901) ettha abhiññāmanena katakāyo manomayakāyo nāma. ‘‘Aññataraṃ manomayaṃ kāyaṃ upapajjatī’’ti (cūḷava. 333) ettha jhānamanena nibbittitakāyo tena manena katattā manomayakāyo nāma. Idha pana abhiññāmanena uppāditakāyo tena manena katattā manomayakāyo nāma. Evaṃ sati adhiṭṭhāniddhiyā vikubbaniddhiyā ca kato manomayakāyo nāma hotīti ce? Hotiyeva. Idha pana tāsaṃ visuṃ visuṃ visesena visesetvā adhiṭṭhāniddhi vikubbaniddhīti ca vuttattā abbhantarato nimmānameva manomayiddhi nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para15"></a><span class="paranum">15</span>. Ñāṇavipphāriddhiniddese ñāṇassa vipphāro vego assā atthīti <span class="bld">ñāṇavipphārā</span>. Ettha ca sattaanupassanāvaseneva iddhiṃ dassetvā sesā yāva arahattamaggā saṅkhittāti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āyasmato</span> <a name="M2.0279"></a> <span class="bld">bākulassa ñāṇavipphārā iddhī</span>tiādīsu bākulatthero tāva dvīsu kulesu vaḍḍhitattā <a name="P3.0667"></a> evaṃladdhanāmo pubbabuddhesu katādhikāro puññasampadāya sampanno thero. So hi mahāsampattiṃ anubhavamāno devamanussesu saṃsaranto amhākaṃ dasabalassa nibbattito puretarameva kosambiyaṃ seṭṭhikule nibbatti. Taṃ jātakāle maṅgalatthāya mahāparivārena yamunaṃ netvā saparivārā dhātī nimujjanummujjanavasena kīḷāpentī nhāpeti. Eko mahāmaccho ‘‘bhakkho me aya’’nti maññamāno mukhaṃ vivaritvā upagato. Dhātī dārakaṃ chaḍḍetvā palātā. Mahāmaccho taṃ gili. Puññavā satto sayanagabbhaṃ pavisitvā nipanno viya na kiñci dukkhaṃ pāpuṇi. Maccho <a name="V2.0257"></a> dārakassa tejena tattakaṃ phālaṃ gilitvā viya dayhamāno vegena tiṃsayojanaṃ gantvā bārāṇasivāsino macchabandhassa jālaṃ pāvisi. So dārakassa tejena jālato nīhaṭamattova mato. Macchabandhā taṃ sakalameva antarakājena ādāya ‘‘sahassena demā’’ti nagare carantā asītikoṭidhanassa aputtakassa seṭṭhissa gharadvāraṃ gantvā seṭṭhibhariyāya ekena kahāpaṇena adaṃsu. Sā taṃ sayameva phalake ṭhapetvā piṭṭhito phālentī macchakucchiyaṃ suvaṇṇavaṇṇaṃ dārakaṃ disvā ‘‘macchakucchiyaṃ me putto laddho’’ti nādaṃ naditvā dārakaṃ ādāya sāmikaṃ upagacchi. Seṭṭhi tāvadeva bheriṃ carāpetvā dārakaṃ ādāya rañño santikaṃ ānetvā tamatthaṃ ārocesi. Rājā ‘‘puññavā dārako, posehi na’’nti āha. Itarampi seṭṭhikulaṃ taṃ pavattiṃ sutvā tattha gantvā ‘‘amhākaṃ putto’’ti taṃ dārakaṃ gaṇhituṃ vivadi. Ubhopi rājakulaṃ agamaṃsu. Rājā ‘‘dvinnampi aputtakaṃ kātuṃ na sakkā, dvinnampi dāyādo hotū’’ti āha. Tato paṭṭhāya dvepi kulāni lābhaggayasaggappattāni ahesuṃ. Tassa dvīhi kulehi vaḍḍhitattā ‘‘bākulakumāro’’ti nāmaṃ akaṃsu. Tassa viññutaṃ pattassa dvīsupi nagaresu tayo tayo pāsāde kāretvā nāṭakāni paccupaṭṭhapesuṃ. Ekekasmiṃ nagare cattāro cattāro māse vasi. Tahiṃ ekasmiṃ nagare cattāro māse vuṭṭhassa saṅghāṭanāvāsu maṇḍapaṃ kāretvā tattha naṃ nāṭakehi saddhiṃ āropetvā mahāsampattiṃ anubhavamānaṃ dvīhi māsehi itaraṃ nagaraṃ upaḍḍhapathaṃ nenti. Itaranagaravāsino nāṭakāpi ‘‘dvīhi māsehi upaḍḍhapathaṃ āgato bhavissatī’’ti tatheva <a name="M2.0280"></a> paccuggantvā dvīhi māsehi attano nagaraṃ ānenti. Itaranāṭakā majjhe nivattitvā attano nagarameva gacchanti. Tattha cattāro māse vasitvā teneva niyāmena puna itaranagaraṃ gacchati. Evamassa <a name="P3.0668"></a> sampattiṃ anubhavantassa asīti vassāni paripuṇṇāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tasmiṃ samaye amhākaṃ bodhisatto sabbaññutaṃ pāpuṇitvā pavattavaradhammacakko anukkamena cārikaṃ caranto kosambiṃ pāpuṇi. ‘‘Bārāṇasi’’nti majjhimabhāṇakā. Bākulaseṭṭhipi kho ‘‘dasabalo āgato’’ti sutvā bahuṃ gandhamālaṃ ādāya satthu santikaṃ gantvā dhammakathaṃ sutvā paṭiladdhasaddho pabbaji. So sattāhameva puthujjano hutvā aṭṭhame aruṇe saha paṭisambhidāhi arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Athassa dvīsu nagaresu paricitamātugāmā attano kulagharāni āgantvā tattheva vasamānā cīvarāni karitvā pahiṇiṃsu. Thero ekaṃ aḍḍhamāsaṃ kosambivāsīhi pahitaṃ cīvaraṃ paribhuñjati, ekaṃ aḍḍhamāsaṃ bārāṇasivāsīhīti eteneva niyāmena dvīsu nagaresu yaṃ yaṃ uttamaṃ, taṃ taṃ therasseva āharīyati. Pabbajitassāpissa sukheneva asīti vassāni agamaṃsu. Ubhayatthāpissa muhuttamattampi appamattakopi ābādho na uppannapubbo. So pacchime kāle bākulasuttaṃ (ma. ni. 3.209 ādayo) kathetvā parinibbāyīti<a name="V2.0258"></a>. Evaṃ macchakucchiyaṃ arogabhāvo āyasmato bākulassa pacchimabhavikassa tena attabhāvena paṭilabhitabbaarahattañāṇānubhāvena nibbattattā ñāṇavipphārā iddhi nāma. Sucaritakammaphalappattassa paṭisambhidāñāṇassa ānubhāvenātipi vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saṃkiccatthero</span>pi (visuddhi. 2.373) pubbe katapuñño dhammasenāpatittherassa upaṭṭhākassa sāvatthiyaṃ aḍḍhakulassa dhītu kucchismiṃ nibbatti. Sā tasmiṃ kucchigate ekena byādhinā taṃ khaṇaṃyeva kālamakāsi, tassā sarīre jhāpiyamāne ṭhapetvā gabbhamaṃsaṃ sesamaṃsaṃ jhāpayi. Athassā gabbhamaṃsaṃ citakato otāretvā dvīsu tīsu ṭhānesu sūlehi vijjhiṃsu. Sūlakoṭi dārakassa akkhikoṭiṃ phusi. Evaṃ gabbhamaṃsaṃ vijjhitvā aṅgārarāsimhi pakkhipitvā aṅgāreheva paṭicchādetvā pakkamiṃsu. Gabbhamaṃsaṃ jhāyi, aṅgāramatthake pana suvaṇṇabimbasadiso dārako padumagabbhe nipanno viya ahosi. Pacchimabhavikasattassa hi sinerunā otthariyamānassāpi arahattaṃ appatvā jīvitakkhayo <a name="M2.0281"></a> nāma natthi. Punadivase ‘‘citakaṃ nibbāpessāmā’’ti āgatā tathā nipannaṃ dārakaṃ disvā acchariyabbhutacittajātā dārakaṃ ādāya nagaraṃ gantvā nemittake pucchiṃsu. Nemittakā ‘‘sace ayaṃ dārako agāraṃ ajjhāvasissati, yāva sattamā kulaparivaṭṭā ñātakā duggatā bhavissanti. Sace pabbajissati, pañcahi samaṇasatehi parivuto carissatī’’ti āhaṃsu. Ayyakā taṃ dārakaṃ vaḍḍhesi. Ñātakāpi vaḍḍhitakāle ‘‘amhākaṃ ayyassa santike pabbājessāmā’’ti posayiṃsu. So sattavassikakāle ‘‘tava kucchiyā vasanakāle mātā te kālamakāsi, tassā sarīre jhāpiyamānepi <a name="P3.0669"></a> tvaṃ na jhāyī’’ti kumārakānaṃ kathaṃ sutvā ‘‘ahaṃ kira evarūpā bhayā mutto, kiṃ me gharāvāsena pabbajissāmī’’ti ñātakānaṃ ārocesi. Te ‘‘sādhu, tātā’’ti taṃ dhammasenāpatittherassa santikaṃ netvā ‘‘bhante, imaṃ pabbājethā’’ti adaṃsu. Thero tacapañcakakammaṭṭhānaṃ datvā pabbājesi. So khuraggeyeva saha paṭisambhidāhi arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Paripuṇṇavasso ca upasampadaṃ labhitvā dasavasso hutvā pañcasatabhikkhuparivāro vicarīti. Evaṃ vuttanayeneva dārucitakāya arogabhāvo āyasmato saṃkiccassa ñāṇavipphārā iddhi nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhūtapālatthero</span>pi (visuddhi. 2.373) pubbahetusampanno. Tassa pitā rājagahe daliddamanusso. So taṃ dārakaṃ gahetvā dārūnaṃ atthāya sakaṭena aṭaviṃ gantvā dārubhāraṃ katvā sāyaṃ nagaradvārasamīpaṃ patto. Athassa goṇā yugaṃ ossajitvā nagaraṃ pavisiṃsu. So sakaṭamūle puttakaṃ nisīdāpetvā goṇānaṃ anupadaṃ gacchanto nagarameva pāvisi. Tassa anikkhantasseva <a name="V2.0259"></a> dvāraṃ pidahi. Dārako sakalarattiṃ sakaṭassa heṭṭhā nipajjitvā niddaṃ okkami. Rājagahaṃ pakatiyāpi amanussabahulaṃ, idaṃ pana susānasamīpaṭṭhānaṃ. Na ca koci yakkho tassa pacchimabhavikassa dārakassa upaddavaṃ kātumasakkhi. So aparena samayena pabbajitvā arahattaṃ pāpuṇitvā bhūtapālatthero nāma ahosīti. Evaṃ vāḷayakkhānucaritepi padese vuttanayeneva arogabhāvo āyasmato bhūtapālassa ñāṇavipphārā iddhi nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para16"></a><span class="paranum">16</span>. Samādhivipphāriddhiniddese <a name="M2.0282"></a> <span class="bld">āyasmato sāriputtassa samādhivipphārā iddhī</span>tiādīsu āyasmato sāriputtassa mahāmoggallānattherena saddhiṃ kapotakandarāyaṃ viharato juṇhāya rattiyā navoropitehi kesehi ajjhokāse nisinnassa eko duṭṭhayakkho sahāyakena yakkhena vāriyamānopi sīse pahāraṃ adāsi. Yassa meghassa viya gajjato saddo ahosi, thero tassa paharaṇasamaye samāpattiṃ appetvā nisinno hoti. Athassa tena pahārena na koci ābādho ahosi. Ayaṃ tassa āyasmato samādhivipphārā iddhi. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Evaṃ me sutaṃ (udā. 34) – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā ca sāriputto āyasmā ca mahāmoggallāno kapotakandarāyaṃ viharanti. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā sāriputto juṇhāya rattiyā navoropitehi kesehi abbhokāse nisinno hoti aññataraṃ samādhiṃ samāpajjitvā.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Tena kho pana samayena dve yakkhā sahāyakā uttarāya disāya dakkhiṇaṃ disaṃ gacchanti kenacideva karaṇīyena. Addasaṃsu kho te yakkhā āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ juṇhāya rattiyā navoropitehi kesehi abbhokāse nisinnaṃ, disvāna eko yakkho dutiyaṃ yakkhaṃ etadavoca – ‘paṭibhāti maṃ, samma, imassa samaṇassa sīse pahāraṃ dātu’nti. Evaṃ vutte so yakkho taṃ yakkhaṃ etadavoca – ‘alaṃ, samma, mā samaṇaṃ āsādesi, uḷāro so, samma, samaṇo mahiddhiko mahānubhāvo’ti.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Dutiyampi kho…pe… tatiyampi kho so yakkho taṃ yakkhaṃ etadavoca – ‘paṭibhāti maṃ, samma, imassa samaṇassa sīse pahāraṃ dātu’nti. Tatiyampi kho so yakkho taṃ yakkhaṃ etadavoca – ‘alaṃ, samma, mā samaṇaṃ āsādesi, uḷāro so, samma, samaṇo mahiddhiko mahānubhāvo’ti.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Atha <a name="V2.0260"></a><a name="M2.0283"></a> kho so yakkho taṃ yakkhaṃ anādiyitvā āyasmato sāriputtassa sīse pahāraṃ adāsi. Tāva mahāpahāro ahosi, api tena pahārena sattaratanaṃ vā aḍḍhaṭṭhamaratanaṃ vā nāgaṃ osāreyya, mahantaṃ vā pabbatakūṭaṃ padāleyya. Atha ca pana so yakkho ‘dayhāmi dayhāmī’ti tattheva mahānirayaṃ apatāsi.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Addasā kho āyasmā mahāmoggallāno dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena tena yakkhena āyasmato sāriputtassa sīse pahāraṃ dīyamānaṃ, disvā yena āyasmā sāriputto tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘kacci te, āvuso sāriputta, khamanīyaṃ, kacci yāpanīyaṃ, kacci na kiñci dukkha’nti. ‘Khamanīyaṃ me, āvuso moggallāna, yāpanīyaṃ me, āvuso moggallāna, api ca me sīsaṃ thokaṃ dukkha’nti.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Acchariyaṃ, āvuso sāriputta, abbhutaṃ, āvuso sāriputta, yāva mahiddhiko āyasmā sāriputto mahānubhāvo. Idha te, āvuso sāriputta, aññataro yakkho sīse pahāraṃ adāsi. Tāva mahā pahāro ahosi, api tena pahārena sattaratanaṃ vā aḍḍhaṭṭhamaratanaṃ vā nāgaṃ osāreyya, mahantaṃ vā pabbatakūṭaṃ padāleyya. Atha ca panāyasmā sāriputto evamāha – ‘khamanīyaṃ me, āvuso moggallāna, yāpanīyaṃ me, āvuso moggallāna, api ca me sīsaṃ thokaṃ dukkha’nti.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Acchariyaṃ, āvuso moggallāna, abbhutaṃ, āvuso moggallāna, yāva mahiddhiko āyasmā mahāmoggallāno mahānubhāvo, yatra hi nāma yakkhampi passissati, mayaṃ panetarahi paṃsupisācakampi na passāmāti.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Assosi <a name="M2.0284"></a> kho bhagavā dibbāya sotadhātuyā visuddhāya atikkantamānusikāya tesaṃ ubhinnaṃ mahānāgānaṃ imaṃ evarūpaṃ kathāsallāpaṃ.</p>
<p class="indent">Atha kho bhagavā etamatthaṃ viditvā tāyaṃ velāyaṃ imaṃ udānaṃ udānesi –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yassa <a name="V2.0261"></a> selūpamaṃ cittaṃ, ṭhitaṃ nānupakampati;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Virattaṃ rajanīyesu, kopanīye na kuppati;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Yassevaṃ bhāvitaṃ cittaṃ, kuto taṃ dukkhamessatī’’ti. (udā. 34);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha <a name="P3.0670"></a> ca ‘‘kuto taṃ dukkhamessatī’’ti bhagavatā vuttavacanena ‘‘tena pahārena na koci ābādho ahosī’’ti aṭṭhakathāvacanaṃ ativiya sameti. Tasmā ‘‘apica me sīsaṃ thokaṃ dukkha’’nti vacanena dukkhavedanā na hoti, sīsassa pana akammaññabhāvaṃ sandhāya ‘‘dukkha’’nti vuttaṃ. Lokepi hi akicchena pariharituṃ sakkuṇeyyo sukhasīlo, kicchena pariharituṃ sakkuṇeyyo dukkhasīloti vuccati. Tampi kho akammaññataṃ samāpattito vuṭṭhitasamayattā ahosīti veditabbo. Samāpattiappitasamaye hi tampi na bhaveyyāti. ‘‘Etarahi paṃsupisācakampi na passāmā’’ti daṭṭhuṃ asamatthatāya na vuttaṃ, abhiññāsu byāpārābhāvena vuttaṃ. Thero kira ‘‘pacchimā janatā pothujjanikāya iddhiyā sārasaññā māhesu’’nti pacchimaṃ janataṃ anukampamāno yebhuyyena iddhiṃ na valañjesi. Theragāthāya ca –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Neva pubbenivāsāya, napi dibbassa cakkhuno;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Cetopariyāya iddhiyā, cutiyā upapattiyā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sotadhātuvisuddhiyā, paṇidhi me na vijjatī’’ti. (theragā. 996) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Therena sayameva abhiññāsu patthanābhāvo vutto. Thero pana sattasaṭṭhiyā sāvakapāramīñāṇesu pāramippattoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sañjīvattheraṃ</span> pana kakusandhassa bhagavato dutiyaaggasāvakaṃ nirodhasamāpannaṃ ‘‘kālaṅkato’’ti sallakkhetvā gopālakādayo tiṇakaṭṭhādīni saṃkaḍḍhitvā aggiṃ adaṃsu. Therassa cīvare aṃsumattampi na jhāyittha. Ayamassāyasmato anupubbasamāpattivasena pavattasamathānubhāvanibbattattā samādhivipphārā iddhi. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Tena <a name="M2.0285"></a> kho pana, pāpima, samayena kakusandho bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho loke uppanno hoti. Kakusandhassa kho pana, pāpima, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa vidhurasañjīvaṃ nāma sāvakayugaṃ ahosi aggaṃ bhaddayugaṃ. Yāvatā pana, pāpima, kakusandhassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa sāvakā. Tesu na ca koci āyasmatā <a name="V2.0262"></a> vidhurena samasamo hoti yadidaṃ dhammadesanāya. Iminā kho etaṃ, pāpima, pariyāyena āyasmato vidhurassa vidhuroteva samaññā udapādi. Āyasmā pana, pāpima, sañjīvo araññagatopi rukkhamūlagatopi suññāgāragatopi appakasireneva saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ samāpajjati.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Bhūtapubbaṃ, pāpima, āyasmā sañjīvo aññatarasmiṃ rukkhamūle saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ samāpanno nisinno hoti. Addasaṃsu <a name="P3.0671"></a> kho, pāpima, gopālakā pasupālakā kassakā pathāvino āyasmantaṃ sañjīvaṃ aññatarasmiṃ rukkhamūle saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ samāpannaṃ, disvāna tesaṃ etadahosi – ‘acchariyaṃ vata bho, abbhutaṃ vata bho, ayaṃ samaṇo nisinnako kālaṅkato, handa naṃ dahāmā’ti.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Atha kho te, pāpima, gopālakā pasupālakā kassakā pathāvino tiṇañca kaṭṭhañca gomayañca saṃkaḍḍhitvā āyasmato sañjīvassa kāye upacinitvā aggiṃ datvā pakkamiṃsu. Atha kho, pāpima, āyasmā sañjīvo tassā rattiyā accayena tāya samāpattiyā vuṭṭhahitvā cīvarāni papphoṭetvā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya gāmaṃ piṇḍāya pāvisi. Addasaṃsu kho te, pāpima, gopālakā pasupālakā kassakā pathāvino āyasmantaṃ sañjīvaṃ piṇḍāya carantaṃ, disvāna nesaṃ etadahosi – ‘acchariyaṃ vata bho, abbhutaṃ vata bho, ayaṃ samaṇo nisinnakova kālaṅkato, svāyaṃ paṭisañjīvito’ti. Iminā kho evaṃ, pāpima, pariyāyena āyasmato sañjīvassa sañjīvoteva samaññā udapādī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.507).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Khāṇukoṇḍaññatthero</span> <a name="M2.0286"></a> pana pakatiyāva samāpattibahulo, so aññatarasmiṃ araññe rattiṃ samāpattiṃ appetvā nisīdi, pañcasatā corā bhaṇḍakaṃ thenetvā gacchantā ‘‘idāni amhākaṃ anupadaṃ gacchantā natthī’’ti vissamitukāmā bhaṇḍakaṃ oropayamānā ‘‘khāṇuko aya’’nti maññamānā therasseva upari sabbabhaṇḍakāni ṭhapesuṃ. Tesaṃ vissamitvā gacchantānaṃ paṭhamaṃ ṭhapitabhaṇḍakassa gahaṇakāle kālaparicchedavasena thero vuṭṭhāsi. Te therassa calanākāraṃ disvā bhītā viraviṃsu. Thero ‘‘mā bhāyatha, upāsakā, bhikkhu aha’’nti āha. Te āgantvā vanditvā theragatena pasādena pabbajitvā saha paṭisambhidāhi arahattaṃ pāpuṇiṃsu. Tato pabhuti ca thero khāṇukoṇḍaññatthero nāma ahosi. Ayamettha pañcahi bhaṇḍakasatehi ajjhotthaṭassa tassāyasmato ābādhābhāvo samādhivipphārā iddhi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uttarā</span> <a name="V2.0263"></a> (a. ni. aṭṭha. 1.1.262) pana upāsikā rājagahe mahādhanassa puṇṇassa seṭṭhino dhītā, kumārikakāleyeva saddhiṃ mātāpitūhi sotāpattiphalaṃ pattā, sā vayappattā rājagahaseṭṭhino mahatā nibandhena tassa puttassa micchādiṭṭhikassa dinnā. Sā buddhadassanāya dhammassavanāya buddhappamukhassa bhikkhusaṅghassa dānañca dātuṃ dhammañca sotuṃ okāsaṃ alabhamānā upaddutā hutvā tasmiṃyeva nagare sirimaṃ nāma gaṇikaṃ pakkosāpetvā okāsakaraṇatthameva pitu gharāva ānītāni pañcadasakahāpaṇasahassāni tassā datvā ‘‘ime kahāpaṇe gahetvā imaṃ aḍḍhamāsaṃ seṭṭhiputtaṃ paricarāhī’’ti taṃ sāmikassa appetvā sayaṃ uposathaṅgāni adhiṭṭhāya ‘‘imaṃ aḍḍhamāsaṃ buddhadassanādīni <a name="P3.0672"></a> labhissāmī’’ti tuṭṭhamānasā yāva pavāraṇāya buddhappamukhaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ nimantāpetvā aḍḍhamāsaṃ mahādānaṃ adāsi, pacchābhattaṃ mahānase khajjabhojjādīni saṃvidahāpeti. Tassā sāmiko ‘‘sve pavāraṇā’’ti sirimāya saha vātapāne ṭhatvā bahi olokento taṃ tathāvicarantiṃ sedakilinnaṃ chārikāya okiṇṇaṃ aṅgāramasimakkhitaṃ disvā ‘‘attano sampattiṃ abhuñjitvā kusalaṃ nāma karoti bālā’’ti hasi. Uttarāpi taṃ oloketvā ‘‘samparāyatthaṃ kusalaṃ na karoti bālo’’ti hasi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sirimā <a name="M2.0287"></a> ubhinnampi taṃ kiriyaṃ disvā ‘‘ahaṃ gharasāminī’’ti maññamānā issāpakatā uttarāya kujjhitvā ‘‘dukkhaṃ uppādessāmī’’ti pāsādā otarati. Uttarā taṃ ñatvā pīṭhake nisīditvā taṃ mettena cittena phari. Sirimā pāsādā oruyha mahānasaṃ pavisitvā pūvapacanato uḷuṅkapūraṃ pakkuthitaṃ sappiṃ gahetvā tassā matthake okiri. Taṃ paduminipaṇṇe sītūdakaṃ viya vinivaṭṭetvā agamāsi. Dāsiyo sirimaṃ hatthehi pādehi pothetvā bhūmiyaṃ pātesuṃ. Uttarā mettājhānato vuṭṭhāya dāsiyo vāresi. Sirimā uttaraṃ khamāpesi. Uttarā ‘‘sve satthu purato khamāpehī’’ti vatvā tāya kāyaveyyāvaṭikaṃ yācitāya byañjanasampādanaṃ ācikkhi. Sā taṃ sampādetvā attano parivārā pañcasatā gaṇikāyo sasaṅghaṃ satthāraṃ parivisitvā ‘‘khamāpanasahāyikā hothā’’ti vatvā punadivase tathā tāhi gaṇikāhi saddhiṃ satthu bhattakiccāvasāne satthāraṃ vanditvā ‘‘ahaṃ bhagavā uttarāya aparajjhiṃ, khamatu me uttarā’’ti āha. Satthā ‘‘khama, uttare’’ti vatvā ‘‘khamāmi, bhagavā’’ti vutte ‘‘akkodhena jine kodha’’ntiādikaṃ (dha. pa. 223) dhammaṃ desesi. Uttarā puretarameva sāmikañca sassusasure ca satthu santike upanesi. Desanāvasāne te ca tayo janā, sabbā ca gaṇikāyo sotāpattiphale patiṭṭhahiṃsūti. Evaṃ uttarāya upāsikāya pakkuthitasappinā pīḷābhāvo samādhivipphārā iddhi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sāmāvatī</span> <a name="V2.0264"></a> <span class="bld">upāsikā</span> nāma kosambiyaṃ udenassa rañño aggamahesī. Tassa hi rañño pañcasatapañcasataitthiparivārā tisso aggamahesiyo ahesuṃ. Tāsaṃ sāmāvatī bhaddiyanagare bhaddiyaseṭṭhino dhītā. Pitari kālaṅkate pitu sahāyakassa kosambiyaṃ ghositaseṭṭhino ghare pañcasataitthiparivāravaḍḍhitaṃ vayappattaṃ rājā disvā <a name="P3.0673"></a> sañjātasineho saparivāramattano gharaṃ netvā abhisekaṭṭhānaṃ adāsi. Caṇḍapajjotassa rañño dhītā vāsuladattā nāma ekā mahesī. Māgaṇḍiyabrāhmaṇassa dhītā bhagavato pādaparicārikaṃ katvā pitarā diyyamānā –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Disvāna taṇhaṃ aratiṃ ragañca, nāhosi chando api methunasmiṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Kimevidaṃ muttakarīsapuṇṇaṃ, pādāpi naṃ samphusituṃ na icche’’ti. (su. ni. 841) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Bhagavatā <a name="M2.0288"></a> bhāsitaṃ gāthaṃ sutvā bhagavati āghātaṃ bandhi. Tassā mātāpitaro māgaṇḍiyasuttadesanāvasāne anāgāmiphalaṃ patvā pabbajitvā arahattaṃ pāpuṇiṃsu. Tassā cūḷapitā māgaṇḍiyo taṃ kosambiṃ netvā rañño adāsi. Sā rañño ekā mahesī.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha kho ghositaseṭṭhi kukkuṭaseṭṭhi pāvārikaseṭṭhīti tayo seṭṭhino loke tathāgatuppādaṃ sutvā jetavanaṃ satthu santikaṃ gantvā dhammaṃ sutvā sotāpattiphalaṃ patvā aḍḍhamāsaṃ buddhappamukhassa bhikkhusaṅghassa mahādānaṃ datvā satthu kosambigamanaṃ āyācitvā kosambiṃ gantvā ghositārāmo kukkuṭārāmo pāvārikārāmoti tayo janā tayo ārāme kārāpetvā anupubbena tattha āgataṃ satthāraṃ paṭipāṭiyā ekekasmiṃ divase ekekasmiṃ vihāre vasāpetvā ekeko sasaṅghassa bhagavato mahādānamadāsi. Athekadivasaṃ tesaṃ upaṭṭhāko sumano nāma mālākāro seṭṭhino āyācitvā sasaṅghaṃ satthāraṃ bhojetuṃ attano ghare nisīdāpesi. Tasmiṃ khaṇe sāmāvatiyā paricārikā khujjuttarā nāma dāsī aṭṭha kahāpaṇe gahetvā tassa gharaṃ agamāsi. So ‘‘sasaṅghassa tāva satthuno parivesanasahāyā hohī’’ti āha. Sā tathā katvā satthu bhattakiccāvasāne dhammadesanaṃ sutvā sotāpannā hutvā aññadā cattāro kahāpaṇe attano ādiyantī adinnaṃ ādiyituṃ abhabbattā aṭṭhahi kahāpaṇehi pupphāni ādāya sāmāvatiyā upanāmesi. Tāya pupphānaṃ bahubhāvakāraṇaṃ puṭṭhā musā bhaṇituṃ abhabbattā yathāsabhāvaṃ āha. ‘‘Ajja kasmā na gaṇhī’’ti vuttā ‘‘sammāsambuddhassa dhammaṃ sutvā amataṃ sacchākāsi’’nti āha. ‘‘Amma uttare, taṃ dhammaṃ amhākampi kathehī’’ti. ‘‘Tena hi maṃ nhāpetvā suddhaṃ vatthayugaṃ datvā ucce āsane nisīdāpetvā sabbā nīcāsanesu nisīdathā’’ti āha. Tā <a name="P3.0674"></a> sabbāpi <a name="V2.0265"></a> tathā kariṃsu. Sā sekhapaṭisambhidappattā ariyasāvikā ekaṃ vatthaṃ nivāsetvā ekaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ katvā bījaniṃ gahetvā tāsaṃ dhammaṃ desesi. Sāmāvatī ca pañcasatā ca itthiyo sotāpattiphalaṃ pāpuṇiṃsu. Tā sabbāpi khujjuttaraṃ vanditvā ‘‘amma, ajjato paṭṭhāya veyyāvaccaṃ akatvā amhākaṃ mātuṭṭhāne ācariyaṭṭhāne ca ṭhatvā satthārā <a name="M2.0289"></a> desitadesitaṃ dhammaṃ sutvā amhākaṃ kathehī’’ti āhaṃsu. Sā tathā karontī aparabhāge tipiṭakadharā hutvā satthārā bahussutānaṃ upāsikānaṃ aggaṭṭhāne ṭhapitā aggaṭṭhānaṃ labhi. Sāmāvatimissikā buddhassa dassanaṃ pihenti, dasabale antaravīthiṃ paṭipanne vātapānesu appahontesu bhittiṃ bhinditvā satthāraṃ olokenti, vandanapūjanañca karonti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Māgaṇḍiyā tattha gatā tāni chiddāni disvā tattha kāraṇaṃ pucchantī satthu āgatabhāvaṃ ñatvā bhagavati āghātena tāsampi kujjhitvā ‘‘mahārāja, sāmāvatimissikānaṃ bahiddhā patthanā atthi, bhittiṃ bhinditvā samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ olokenti, katipāhena taṃ māressantī’’ti rājānaṃ āha. Rājā chiddāni disvāpi tassā vacanaṃ na saddahi, uddhacchiddakavātapānāni kārāpesi. Puna māgaṇḍiyā rājānaṃ tāsu bhinditukāmā aṭṭha sajīvakukkuṭe āharāpetvā ‘‘mahārāja, tāsaṃ vīmaṃsanatthaṃ ime kukkuṭe māretvā ‘mamatthāya pacāhī’ti pesehī’’ti āha. Rājā tathā pesesi. Tāya ‘‘pāṇātipātaṃ na karomā’’ti vutte puna ‘‘tassa samaṇassa gotamassa pacitvā pesehī’’ti āha. Raññā tathā pesite māgaṇḍiyā aṭṭha māritakukkuṭe tathā vatvā pesesi. Sāmāvatī pacitvā dasabalassa pāhesi. Māgaṇḍiyā tenapi rājānaṃ kopetuṃ nāsakkhi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Rājā pana tīsu mahesīsu ekekissā vasanaṭṭhāne satta satta divasāni vasati. Rājā attano gamanaṭṭhānaṃ hatthikantavīṇaṃ ādāya gacchati. Māgaṇḍiyā rañño sāmāvatiyā pāsādagamanakāle dāṭhā agadena dhovāpetvā veḷupabbe pakkhipāpetvā ekaṃ kaṇhasappapotakaṃ āharāpetvā antovīṇāya pakkhipitvā mālāguḷakena chiddaṃ pidahi. Taṃ rañño tattha gatakāle aparāparaṃ vicarantī viya hutvā vīṇāchiddato mālāguḷakaṃ apanesi. Sappo nikkhamitvā passasanto phaṇaṃ katvā sayanapiṭṭhe nipajji. Sā āha – ‘‘dhī sappo’’ti mahāsaddamakāsi. Rājā sappaṃ disvā kujjhi. Sāmāvatī rañño kuddhabhāvaṃ ñatvā pañcannaṃ itthisatānaṃ saññamadāsi ‘‘ajja odhisakamettāpharaṇena rājānaṃ pharathā’’ti. Sayampi tathā akāsi. Rājā sahassathāmadhanuṃ ādāya jiyaṃ poṭhetvā sāmāvatiṃ <a name="M2.0290"></a> dhure katvā sabbā tā itthiyo paṭipāṭiyā ṭhapāpetvā visapītaṃ khurappaṃ sannayhitvā dhanuṃ pūretvā aṭṭhāsi. Khurappaṃ neva khipituṃ<a name="V2.0266"></a><a name="P3.0675"></a>, na oropituṃ sakkoti, gattehi sedā muccanti, sarīraṃ vedhati, mukhato kheḷo patati, gaṇhitabbagahaṇaṃ na passati, atha naṃ sāmāvatī ‘‘kiṃ, mahārāja, kilamasī’’ti āha. ‘‘Āma, devi, kilamāmi, avassayo me hohī’’ti. ‘‘Sādhu, mahārāja, khurappaṃ pathavīmukhaṃ karohī’’ti. Rājā tathā akāsi. Sā ‘‘rañño hatthato khurappaṃ muccatū’’ti adhiṭṭhāsi. Tasmiṃ khaṇe khurappaṃ mucci. Rājā taṃkhaṇaññeva udake nimujjitvā allavattho allakeso sāmāvatiyā pādesu nipatitvā ‘‘khama, devi, mayhaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘Sammuyhāmi pamuyhāmi, sabbā muyhanti me disā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sāmāvatī maṃ tāyassu, tvañca me saraṇaṃ bhavā’’’ti. – āha;</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sāmāvatī –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Mā maṃ tvaṃ saraṇaṃ gaccha, yamahaṃ saraṇaṃ gatā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Saraṇaṃ gaccha taṃ buddhaṃ, tvañca me saraṇaṃ bhavā’’ti. –</p>
<p class="unindented">Āha. Rājā ‘‘tena hi taṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi satthārañca, varañca te dammī’’ti āha. Sā ‘‘varo gahito hotu, mahārājā’’ti āha. Rājā satthāraṃ upasaṅkamitvā saraṇaṃ gantvā nimantetvā buddhappamukhassa saṅghassa sattāhaṃ mahādānaṃ datvā ‘‘sāmāvatiṃ varaṃ gaṇhāhī’’ti āha. ‘‘Sādhu, mahārāja, imaṃ me varaṃ dehi, satthā pañcahi bhikkhusatehi saddhiṃ idhāgacchatu, dhammaṃ sossāmī’’ti āha. Rājā satthāraṃ vanditvā ‘‘bhante, pañcahi bhikkhusatehi saddhiṃ nibaddhaṃ idhāgacchatha, sāmāvatimissikā ‘dhammaṃ sossāmā’ti vadantī’’ti āha. Satthā ‘‘mahārāja, buddhānaṃ nāma ekaṭṭhānaṃ nibaddhaṃ gantuṃ na vaṭṭati, mahājanopi paccāsīsatī’’ti āha. ‘‘Tena hi, bhante, bhikkhū āṇāpethā’’ti. Satthā ānandattheraṃ āṇāpesi. Thero pañca bhikkhusatāni ādāya nibaddhaṃ rājakulaṃ gacchati. Tāpi devīpamukhā itthiyo theraṃ bhojetvā dhammaṃ suṇiṃsu. Sāmāvatiñca satthā mettāvihārīnaṃ upāsikānaṃ aggaṭṭhāne ṭhapesīti. Evaṃ rañño khurappaṃ muñcituṃ avisahanabhāvo sāmāvatiyā upāsikāya samādhivipphārā iddhīti<a name="M2.0291"></a>. Ettha <a name="P3.0676"></a> ca aveccappasādena vā okappanapasādena vā ratanattayasaraṇagamanena vā ratanattayaṃ upāsatīti upāsikāti vuccatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para17"></a><span class="paranum">17</span>. Ariyiddhiniddese <span class="bld">ariyā iddhī</span>ti cetovasippattānaṃ khīṇāsavaariyānaṃyeva sambhavato <a name="V2.0267"></a> ariyā iddhīti vuccatīti. <span class="bld">Idha bhikkhū</span>ti imasmiṃ sāsane khīṇāsavo bhikkhu. <span class="bld">Aniṭṭhe vatthusmi</span>nti ārammaṇapakatiyā amanāpe vatthusmiṃ satte vā saṅkhāre vā. <span class="bld">Mettāya vā pharatī</span>ti satto ce hoti, mettābhāvanāya pharati. <span class="bld">Dhātuto vā upasaṃharatī</span>ti saṅkhāro ce hoti, ‘‘dhātumatta’’nti dhātumanasikāraṃ upasaṃharati. Sattepi dhātūpasaṃhāro vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Asubhāya vā pharatī</span>ti satto ce, asubhabhāvanāya pharati. <span class="bld">Aniccato vā upasaṃharatī</span>ti saṅkhāro ce, ‘‘anicca’’nti manasikāraṃ upasaṃharati. <span class="bld">Tadubhaya</span>nti taṃ ubhayaṃ. <span class="bld">Upekkhako</span>ti chaḷaṅgupekkhāya upekkhako. <span class="bld">Sato</span>ti sativepullappattattā. <span class="bld">Sampajāno</span>ti paññāya sampajānakārittā. <span class="bld">Cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā</span>ti kāraṇavasena cakkhūti laddhavohārena rūpadassanasamatthena cakkhuviññāṇena rūpaṃ disvā. Porāṇā panāhu – ‘‘cakkhu rūpaṃ na passati acittakattā, cittaṃ na passati acakkhukattā, dvārārammaṇasaṅghaṭṭane pana pasādavatthukena cittena passati. Īdisī panesā ‘dhanunā vijjhatī’tiādīsu viya sasambhārakathā nāma hoti. Tasmā cakkhuviññāṇena rūpaṃ disvāti ayamettha attho’’ti (dha. sa. aṭṭha. 1352). Atha vā cakkhunā karaṇabhūtena rūpaṃ disvāti attho. <span class="bld">Neva sumano hotī</span>ti gehasitasomanassapaṭikkhepo, na kiriyabhūtāya somanassavedanāya. <span class="bld">Na dummano</span>ti sabbadomanassapaṭikkhepo. <span class="bld">Upekkhako viharatī</span>ti iṭṭhāniṭṭhārammaṇāpāthe parisuddhapakatibhāvāvijahanākārabhūtāya chasu dvāresu pavattanato ‘‘chaḷaṅgupekkhā’’ti laddhanāmāya tatramajjhattupekkhāya upekkhako viharati. <span class="bld">Sotena saddaṃ sutvā</span>tiādīsupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para18"></a><span class="paranum">18</span>. Kammavipākajiddhiniddese <span class="bld">sabbesaṃ pakkhīna</span>nti sabbesaṃ pakkhijātānaṃ jhānābhiññā vināyeva ākāsena gamanaṃ. Tathā <span class="bld">sabbesaṃ devānaṃ</span> ākāsagamanaṃ dassanādīni ca. <span class="bld">Ekaccānaṃ manussāna</span>nti paṭhamakappikānaṃ manussānaṃ. <span class="bld">Ekaccānaṃ vinipātikāna</span>nti piyaṅkaramātā punabbasumātā phussamittā <a name="M2.0292"></a> dhammaguttātievamādīnaṃ sukhasamussayato vinipatitattā vinipātikānaṃ aññesañca petānaṃ nāgasupaṇṇānañca ākāsagamanādikaṃ kammavipākajā iddhi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Puññavato iddhiniddese <span class="bld">rājā</span>ti dhammena paresaṃ rañjanato rājā. Ratanacakkaṃ vattetīti <span class="bld">cakkavattī. Vehāsaṃ gacchatī</span>ti accantasaṃyogatthe <a name="P3.0677"></a> upayogavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Caturaṅginiyā</span>ti hatthiassarathapattisaṅkhātacatuaṅgavatiyā. <span class="bld">Senā</span>ti tesaṃ samūhamattameva. <span class="bld">Antamaso</span>ti heṭṭhimantato. <span class="bld">Assabandhā</span> nāma assānaṃ rakkhakā. <span class="bld">Gopurisā</span> nāma gunnaṃ rakkhakā. <span class="bld">Upādāyā</span>ti avissajjetvā. Evaṃ tesaṃ vehāsagamanañca puññavato iddhīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Jotikassa</span> <a name="V2.0268"></a> <span class="bld">gahapatissa puññavato iddhī</span>ti jotiko nāma pubbe paccekabuddhesu katādhikāro rājagahanagare seṭṭhi. Tassa kira jātadivase sakalanagare sabbāvudhāni jaliṃsu, sabbesaṃ kāyāruḷhāni ābharaṇānipi pajjalitāni viya obhāsaṃ muñciṃsu, nagaraṃ ekapajjotaṃ ahosi. Athassa nāmaggahaṇadivase sakalanagarassa ekajotibhūtattā jotikoti nāmaṃ kariṃsu. Athassa vayappattakāle gehakaraṇatthāya bhūmitale sodhiyamāne sakko devarājā āgantvā soḷasakarīsamatte ṭhāne pathaviṃ bhinditvā sattaratanamayaṃ sattabhūmikaṃ pāsādaṃ uṭṭhāpesi, pāsādaṃ parikkhipitvā sattaratanamaye sattadvārakoṭṭhakayutte sattapākāre uṭṭhāpesi, pākārapariyante catusaṭṭhi kapparukkhe uṭṭhāpesi, pāsādassa catūsu kaṇṇesu yojanikatigāvutikadvigāvutikaekagāvutikā catasso nidhikumbhiyo uṭṭhāpesi. Pāsādassa catūsu kaṇṇesu taruṇatālakkhandhappamāṇā catasso suvaṇṇamayā ucchuyaṭṭhiyo nibbattiṃsu. Tāsaṃ maṇimayāni pattāni suvaṇṇamayāni pabbāni ahesuṃ. Sattasu dvārakoṭṭhakesu ekekasmiṃ ekadviticatupañcachasattayakkhasahassaparivārā satta yakkhā ārakkhaṃ gaṇhiṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bimbisāramahārājā pāsādādīnaṃ uṭṭhānaṃ sutvā seṭṭhichattaṃ pahiṇi. So jotikaseṭṭhīti sakalajambudīpe pākaṭo hutvā uttarakuruto devatāhi ānetvā sirigabbhe nisīdāpitāya ekañca taṇḍulanāḷiṃ tayo ca jotipāsāṇe gahetvā āgatāya bhariyāya saddhiṃ tasmiṃ pāsāde mahāsampattiṃ anubhavanto vasi. Tesaṃ yāvajīvaṃ tāya ekataṇḍulanāḷiyā <a name="M2.0293"></a> bhattaṃ pahosi. Sace kira te sakaṭasatampi taṇḍulānaṃ pūretukāmā honti, sā taṇḍulanāḷiyeva hutvā tiṭṭhati. Bhattapacanakāle taṇḍule ukkhaliyaṃ pakkhipitvā tesaṃ pāsāṇānaṃ upari ṭhapenti. Pāsāṇā tāvadeva pajjalitvā bhatte pakkamatte nibbāyanti. Teneva saññāṇena bhattassa pakkabhāvaṃ jānanti. Sūpeyyādipacanakālepi eseva nayo. Evaṃ tesaṃ jotipāsāṇehi āhāro paccati, maṇiālokena vasanti. Aggissa vā dīpassa vā obhāsameva na jāniṃsu. Jotikassa kira evarūpā sampattīti sakalajambudīpe pākaṭo ahosi. Mahājano yānādīhi dassanatthāya āgacchati. Jotikaseṭṭhi āgatāgatānaṃ uttarakurutaṇḍulānaṃ bhattaṃ dāpeti, ‘‘kapparukkhehi vatthābharaṇāni gaṇhantū’’ti āṇāpeti, ‘‘gāvutikanidhikumbhiyā <a name="P3.0678"></a> mukhaṃ vivarāpetvā yāpanamattaṃ gaṇhantū’’ti āṇāpeti. Sakalajambudīpavāsikesu dhanaṃ gahetvā gacchantesu nidhikumbhiyā aṅgulamattampi ūnaṃ nāhosīti ayamassa puññavato iddhi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Jaṭilassa gahapatissa puññavato iddhī</span>ti jaṭilo nāma kassapassa bhagavato dhātucetiye katādhikāro takkasilāyaṃ seṭṭhi. Tassa kira mātā bārāṇasiyaṃ seṭṭhidhītā abhirūpā ahosi<a name="V2.0269"></a>. Taṃ pannarasasoḷasavassuddesikakāle ārakkhanatthāya sattabhūmikassa pāsādassa uparitale vāsayiṃsu. Taṃ ekadivasaṃ vātapānaṃ vivaritvā bahi olokiyamānaṃ ākāsena gacchanto vijjādharo disvā uppannasineho vātapānena pavisitvā tāya saddhiṃ santhavamakāsi. Sā tena gabbhaṃ gaṇhi. Atha naṃ dāsī disvā ‘‘amma, kiṃ ida’’nti vatvā ‘‘hotu, kassaci mā ācikkhī’’ti vuttā bhayena tuṇhī ahosi. Sāpi dasame māse puttaṃ vijāyitvā navabhājanaṃ āharāpetvā tattha taṃ dārakaṃ nipajjāpetvā taṃ bhājanaṃ pidahitvā upari pupphadāmāni ṭhapetvā ‘‘imaṃ sīsena ukkhipitvā gantvā gaṅgāya vissajjehi, ‘kiṃ ida’nti ca puṭṭhā ‘ayyāya me balikamma’nti vadeyyāsī’’ti dāsiṃ āṇāpesi. Sā tathā akāsi. Heṭṭhāgaṅgāyapi dve itthiyo nhāyamānā taṃ bhājanaṃ udakena āhariyamānaṃ disvā ekā ‘‘mayhetaṃ bhājana’’nti āha. Ekā ‘‘yaṃ etassa anto, taṃ mayha’’nti vatvā bhājane sampatte taṃ ādāya thale ṭhapetvā vivaritvā <a name="M2.0294"></a> dārakaṃ disvā ekā ‘‘mama bhājana’’nti vuttattā ‘‘dārako mameva hotī’’ti āha. Ekā ‘‘yaṃ bhājanassa anto, taṃ mamā’’ti vuttattā ‘‘mama dārako’’ti āha. Tā vivadamānā vinicchayaṃ gantvā amaccesu vinicchituṃ asakkontesu rañño santikaṃ agamaṃsu. Rājā tāsaṃ vacanaṃ sutvā ‘‘tvaṃ dārakaṃ gaṇha, tvaṃ bhājana’’nti āha. Yāya pana dārako laddho, sā mahākaccāyanattherassa upaṭṭhāyikā hoti. Sā taṃ dārakaṃ ‘‘therassa santike pabbājessāmī’’ti posesi. Tassa jātadivase gabbhamalassa dhovitvā anapanītattā kesā jaṭitā hutvā aṭṭhaṃsu. Tenassa jaṭiloteva nāmaṃ akaṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tassa padasā vicaraṇakāle thero taṃ gehaṃ piṇḍāya pāvisi. Upāsikā theraṃ nisīdāpetvā āhāramadāsi. Thero dārakaṃ disvā ‘‘upāsike, dārako te laddho’’ti pucchi. ‘‘Āma, bhante, imāhaṃ tumhākaṃ santike pabbājessanti posesi’’nti āha. Thero ‘‘sādhū’’ti taṃ ādāya gacchanto ‘‘atthi nu kho imassa gihisampattiṃ anubhavituṃ puññakamma’’nti olokento ‘‘mahāpuñño <a name="P3.0679"></a> satto mahāsampattiṃ anubhavissati, daharo eva ca tāva, ñāṇampi tāvassa paripākaṃ na gacchatī’’ti cintetvā taṃ ādāya takkasilāyaṃ ekassa upaṭṭhākassa gehaṃ agamāsi. So theraṃ vanditvā ṭhito dārakaṃ disvā ‘‘dārako, bhante, laddho’’ti pucchi. ‘‘Āma, upāsaka, pabbajissati, daharo tāva tava santike hotū’’ti. So ‘‘sādhu, bhante’’ti taṃ puttaṭṭhāne ṭhapetvā paṭijaggi. Tassa pana gehe dvādasa vassāni bhaṇḍakaṃ ussannaṃ hoti. So gāmantaraṃ gacchanto sabbampi taṃ bhaṇḍakaṃ āpaṇaṃ āharitvā tassa tassa bhaṇḍakassa mūlaṃ ācikkhitvā ‘‘idañcidañca ettakaṃ nāma dhanaṃ gahetvā dadeyyāsī’’ti vatvā pakkāmi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Taṃ <a name="V2.0270"></a> divasaṃ nagarapariggāhikā devatā antamaso jīrakamaricamattakenāpi atthike tasseva āpaṇābhimukhe kariṃsu. So dvādasa vassāni ussannabhaṇḍakaṃ ekadivaseneva vikkiṇi. Kuṭumbiko āgantvā āpaṇe kiñci adisvā ‘‘sabbaṃ te, tāta, bhaṇḍakaṃ nāsita’’nti āha. ‘‘Na nāsitaṃ, tāta, sabbaṃ tumhehi vuttanayena vikkiṇitaṃ, idaṃ asukassa mūlaṃ, idaṃ asukassa <a name="M2.0295"></a> mūla’’nti sabbamūlaṃ tasseva appesi. Kuṭumbiko pasīditvā ‘‘anaggho puriso yattha katthaci jīvituṃ samattho’’ti attano vayappattaṃ dhītaraṃ tassa datvā ‘‘gehamassa karothā’’ti purise āṇāpetvā niṭṭhite gehe ‘‘gacchatha tumhe, attano gehe vasathā’’ti āha. Athassa gehapavisanakāle ekena pādena ummāre akkantamatte gehassa pacchimabhāge bhūmiṭṭhāne asītihattho suvaṇṇapabbato uṭṭhahi. Rājā kira jaṭilassa gehe bhūmiṃ bhinditvā suvaṇṇapabbato uṭṭhitoti sutvā tassa seṭṭhichattaṃ pesesi. So jaṭilaseṭṭhi nāma ahosīti ayamassa puññavato iddhi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Meṇḍakassa seṭṭhissa puññavato iddhī</span>ti (mahāva. 296) meṇḍako nāma vipassimhi bhagavati katādhikāro magadharaṭṭhe bhaddiyanagare seṭṭhi. Tassa kira pacchimagehe aṭṭhakarīsamatte ṭhāne hatthiassausabhappamāṇā suvaṇṇameṇḍakā pathaviṃ bhinditvā piṭṭhiyā piṭṭhiṃ paharamānā uṭṭhahiṃsu, tesaṃ mukhesu pañcavaṇṇānaṃ suttānaṃ geṇḍukā pakkhittā honti. Sappitelamadhuphāṇitādīhi ca vatthacchādanahiraññasuvaṇṇādīhi ca atthe sati tesaṃ mukhato geṇḍukaṃ apanenti. Ekassapi meṇḍakassa mukhato sakalajambudīpavāsīnaṃ pahonakaṃ sappitelamadhuphāṇitavatthacchādanahiraññasuvaṇṇaṃ nikkhamati. Tato paṭṭhāyesa meṇḍakaseṭṭhīti paññāyīti ayamassa puññavato iddhi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ghositassa</span> <a name="P3.0680"></a> <span class="bld">gahapatissa puññavato iddhī</span>ti ghosito (a. ni. aṭṭha. 1.1.260-261) nāma paccekasambuddhe katādhikāro sakkaraṭṭhe kosambiyaṃ seṭṭhi. So kira devalokato cavitvā kosambiyaṃ nagarasobhiniyā kucchismiṃ nibbatti. Sā taṃ vijātadivase suppe sayāpetvā saṅkārakūṭe chaḍḍāpesi. Dārakaṃ kākasunakhā parivāretvā nisīdiṃsu. Eko puriso taṃ disvāva puttasaññaṃ paṭilabhitvā ‘‘putto me laddho’’ti gehaṃ nesi. Tadā kosambikaseṭṭhi purohitaṃ disvā ‘‘kiṃ, ācariya, ajja te tithikaraṇanakkhattādayo olokitā’’ti pucchitvā ‘‘āma, mahāseṭṭhī’’ti vutte ‘‘janapadassa kiṃ bhavissatī’’ti pucchi. ‘‘Imasmiṃ nagare ajja jātadārako jeṭṭhaseṭṭhi bhavissatī’’ti āha. Tadā seṭṭhino bhariyā garugabbhā <a name="M2.0296"></a> hoti, tasmā so sīghaṃ gehaṃ pesesi ‘‘gaccha, jānāhi naṃ vijātā vā, na <a name="V2.0271"></a> vā’’ti. ‘‘Na vijātā’’ti sutvā gehaṃ gantvā kāḷiṃ nāma dāsiṃ pakkositvā sahassaṃ datvā ‘‘gaccha, imasmiṃ nagare upadhāretvā ajja jātadārakaṃ gaṇhitvā ehī’’ti āha. Sā upadhārentī taṃ gehaṃ gantvā taṃ dārakaṃ taṃ divasaṃ jātaṃ ñatvā sahassaṃ datvā ānetvā seṭṭhino dassesi. Seṭṭhi ‘‘sace me dhītā jāyissati, tāya naṃ saddhiṃ nivāsetvā seṭṭhiṭṭhānassa sāmikaṃ karissāmi. Sace putto jāyissati, ghātessāmi na’’nti cintetvā taṃ gehe vaḍḍhāpesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Athassa bhariyā katipāhaccayena puttaṃ vijāyi. Seṭṭhi ‘‘imasmiṃ asati mama putto seṭṭhiṭṭhānaṃ labhissati. Idāneva naṃ māretuṃ vaṭṭatī’’ti kāḷiṃ āmantetvā ‘‘gaccha je, vajato gunnaṃ nikkhamanavelāya vajadvāramajjhe imaṃ tiriyaṃ nipajjāpehi, gāviyo naṃ madditvā māressanti, madditāmadditabhāvaṃ panassa ñatvā ehī’’ti āha. Sā gantvā gopālakena vajadvāre vivaṭamatteyeva taṃ tathā nipajjāpesi. Gogaṇajeṭṭhako usabho aññasmiṃ kāle sabbapacchā nikkhamantopi taṃdivasaṃ sabbapaṭhamaṃ nikkhamitvā dārakaṃ catunnaṃ pādānaṃ antare katvā aṭṭhāsi. Anekasatā gāvo usabhassa dve passāni ghaṃsantiyo nikkhamiṃsu. Gopālakopi ‘‘ayaṃ usabho pubbe sabbapacchā nikkhamati, ajja pana paṭhamaṃ nikkhamitvā dvāramajjhe niccalova ṭhito, kiṃ nu kho eta’’nti cintetvā gantvā tassa heṭṭhā nipannaṃ dārakaṃ disvā puttasinehaṃ paṭilabhitvā ‘‘putto me laddho’’ti gehaṃ nesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāḷī gantvā seṭṭhinā pucchitā tamatthaṃ ārocetvā ‘‘gaccha, naṃ puna imaṃ sahassaṃ datvā ānehī’’ti vuttā puna ānetvā adāsi. Atha naṃ seṭṭhi āha – ‘‘amma kāḷi, imasmiṃ nagare pañcasakaṭasatāni paccūsakāle uṭṭhāya vāṇijjāya gacchanti, tvaṃ imaṃ netvā <a name="P3.0681"></a> cakkamagge nipajjāpehi, goṇā vā naṃ maddissanti, cakkaṃ vā chindissati, pavattiñcassa ñatvā āgaccheyyāsī’’ti. Sā gantvā cakkamagge nipajjāpesi. Sākaṭikajeṭṭhako purato ahosi. Athassa goṇā taṃ ṭhānaṃ patvā dhuraṃ chaḍḍesuṃ, punappunaṃ āropetvā pājiyamānāpi purato na gacchiṃsu. Evaṃ tassa tehi saddhiṃ vāyamantasseva aruṇaṃ uṭṭhahi. So ‘‘kiṃ nāma goṇā kariṃsū’’ti maggaṃ olokento dārakaṃ disvā ‘‘bhāriyaṃ vata <a name="M2.0297"></a> kamma’’nti cintetvā ‘‘putto me laddho’’ti tuṭṭhamānaso taṃ gehaṃ nesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāḷīpi gantvā seṭṭhinā pucchitā taṃ pavattiṃ ācikkhitvā ‘‘gaccha, naṃ puna sahassaṃ datvā ānehī’’ti vuttā tathā akāsi. Atha naṃ seṭṭhi āha – ‘‘idāni naṃ āmakasusānaṃ netvā gacchantare nipajjāpehi, tattha sunakhādīhi khādito, amanussena vā pahaṭo marissati, matāmatabhāvañcassa <a name="V2.0272"></a> jānitvā āgaccheyyāsī’’ti. Sā taṃ netvā tattha nipajjāpetvā ekamante aṭṭhāsi. Taṃ sunakhādayo vā amanusso vā upasaṅkamituṃ nāsakkhiṃsu. Atheko ajapālo ajā gocaraṃ nento susānapassena gacchati. Ekā ajā paṇṇāni khādamānā gacchantaraṃ pavisitvā dārakaṃ disvā jaṇṇukehi ṭhatvā dārakassa thanaṃ adāsi. Ajapālakena ‘‘he he’’ti sadde katepi na nikkhami. So ‘‘yaṭṭhiyā naṃ paharitvā nīharissāmī’’ti gacchantaraṃ paviṭṭho jaṇṇukehi ṭhatvā dārakaṃ khīraṃ pāyantiṃ disvā dārake puttasinehaṃ paṭilabhitvā ‘‘putto me laddho’’ti ādāya pakkāmi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāḷī gantvā seṭṭhinā pucchitā taṃ pavattiṃ ācikkhitvā ‘‘gaccha, naṃ puna sahassaṃ datvā ānehī’’ti vuttā tathā akāsi. Aya naṃ seṭṭhi āha – ‘‘amma, imaṃ ādāya corapapātapabbataṃ abhiruhitvā papāte khipa, pabbatakucchiyaṃ paṭihaññamāno khaṇḍākhaṇḍiko hutvā bhūmiyaṃ patissati, matāmatabhāvañcassa ñatvā āgaccheyyāsī’’ti. Sā taṃ tathā netvā pabbatamatthake ṭhatvā khipi. Taṃ kho pana pabbatakucchiṃ nissāya mahāveḷugumbo pabbatānusāreneva vaḍḍhi, tassa matthakaṃ ghanajāto jiñjukagumbo avatthari. Dārako patanto kojave viya tasmiṃ pati. Taṃ divasañca naḷakārajeṭṭhakassa veṇubali patto hoti. So puttena saddhiṃ gantvā taṃ veḷugumbaṃ chindituṃ ārabhi. Tasmiṃ calite dārako saddamakāsi. So dārakasaddo viyāti ekena passena abhiruhitvā taṃ disvā ‘‘putto me laddho’’ti tuṭṭhacitto ādāya gato. Kāḷī gantvā seṭṭhinā pucchitā taṃ pavattiṃ ācikkhitvā ‘‘gaccha, naṃ puna sahassaṃ datvā ānehī’’ti vuttā tathā akāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Seṭṭhino idañcidañca karontasseva dārako vaḍḍhito. Mahāghosavacanattā cassa ghositoteva nāmaṃ ahosi. So seṭṭhino akkhimhi <a name="P3.0682"></a><a name="M2.0298"></a> kaṇṭako viya khāyi, ujukaṃ oloketumpi na visahi. Athassa maraṇūpāyaṃ cintento attano kumbhakārassa santikaṃ gantvā tassa ‘‘kadā āvāpaṃ ālimpessasī’’ti pucchitvā ‘‘sve’’ti vutte ‘‘tena hi idaṃ sahassaṃ gaṇhitvā mamekaṃ kammaṃ karohī’’ti āha. ‘‘Kiṃ sāmī’’ti? ‘‘Eko me avajātaputto atthi, taṃ tava santikaṃ pesissāmi, atha naṃ gabbhaṃ pavesetvā tiṇhāya vāsiyā khaṇḍākhaṇḍikaṃ chinditvā cāṭiyaṃ pakkhipitvā āvāpe paveseyyāsīti. Idaṃ te sahassaṃ saccakārasadisaṃ, uttariṃ pana te kattabbayuttakaṃ pacchā karissāmī’’ti. Kumbhakāro ‘‘sādhū’’ti sampaṭicchi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Seṭṭhi punadivase ghositaṃ pakkositvā ‘‘hiyyo mayā kumbhakāro ekaṃ kammaṃ āṇatto, ehi<a name="V2.0273"></a>, tvaṃ tāta, tassa santikaṃ gantvā evaṃ vadehi ‘hiyyo kira me pitarā āṇattaṃ kammaṃ nipphādehī’’’ti pahiṇi. So ‘‘sādhū’’ti agamāsi. Taṃ tattha gacchantaṃ itaro seṭṭhino putto dārakehi saddhiṃ guḷakakīḷaṃ kīḷanto disvā pakkositvā ‘‘kuhiṃ gacchasī’’ti pucchitvā pitu sāsanaṃ gahetvā ‘‘kumbhakārassa santika’’nti vutte ‘‘ahaṃ tattha gamissāmi, ime maṃ dārakā bahulakkhaṃ jiniṃsu, taṃ me paṭijinitvā dehī’’ti āha. ‘‘Ahaṃ pitu bhāyāmī’’ti. ‘‘Mā bhāyi, bhātika, ahaṃ taṃ sāsanaṃ harissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Bahūhi jito yāvāhaṃ āgacchāmi, tāva me lakkhaṃ paṭijināhī’’ti. Ghosito kira guḷakakīḷāyaṃ cheko, tena naṃ evaṃ nibandhi. Sopi taṃ ‘‘tena hi gantvā kumbhakāraṃ vadehi ‘pitarā kira me hiyyo ekaṃ kammaṃ āṇattaṃ, taṃ nipphādehī’’’ti uyyojesi. So tassa santikaṃ gantvā tathā avaca. Atha naṃ kumbhakāro seṭṭhinā vuttaniyāmena māretvā āvāpe khipi. Ghositopi divasabhāgaṃ kīḷitvā sāyanhasamayeva gehaṃ gantvā ‘‘kiṃ, tāta, na gatosī’’ti vutte attano agatakāraṇañca kaniṭṭhassa gatakāraṇañca ārocesi. Seṭṭhi ‘‘dhī dhī’’ti mahāviravaṃ viravitvā sakalasarīre pakkuthitalohito viya hutvā ‘‘ambho kumbhakāra, mā nāsayi, mā nāsayī’’ti bāhā paggayha kandanto tassa santikaṃ agamāsi. Kumbhakāro taṃ tathā āgacchantaṃ disvā ‘‘sāmi, mā saddaṃ kari, kammaṃ nipphanna’’nti āha. So pabbatena viya mahantena sokena avatthaṭo hutvā anappakaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ <a name="P3.0683"></a><a name="M2.0299"></a> santepi pana seṭṭhi taṃ ujukaṃ oloketuṃ na sakkoti. ‘‘Kinti naṃ māreyya’’nti cintento ‘‘mama gāmasate āyuttakassa santikaṃ pesetvā mārāpessāmī’’ti upāyaṃ disvā ‘‘ayaṃ me avajātaputto, imaṃ māretvā vaccakūpe khipatu, evañca kate ahaṃ mātulassa kattabbayuttakaṃ jānissāmī’’ti tassa paṇṇaṃ likhitvā ‘‘tāta ghosita, amhākaṃ gāmasate āyuttako atthi, imaṃ paṇṇaṃ haritvā tassa dehī’’ti vatvā paṇṇaṃ tassa dussante bandhi. So pana akkharasamayaṃ na jānāti. Daharakālato paṭṭhāya hi taṃ mārāpentova seṭṭhi māretuṃ nāsakkhi, kiṃ akkharasamayaṃ sikkhāpessati. So attano maraṇapaṇṇameva dussante bandhitvā nikkhamanto āha – ‘‘pātheyyaṃ me, tāta, natthī’’ti. ‘‘Pātheyyena kammaṃ natthi, antarāmagge asukagāme nāma mama sahāyako seṭṭhi atthi, tassa ghare pātarāsaṃ katvā purato gacchā’’ti. So ‘‘sādhū’’ti pitaraṃ vanditvā nikkhanto taṃ gāmaṃ patvā seṭṭhigharaṃ pucchitvā gantvā seṭṭhijāyaṃ passi. ‘‘Kuto āgatosī’’ti ca vutte ‘‘antonagarato’’ti āha. ‘‘Kassa puttosī’’ti? ‘‘Tumhākaṃ sahāyaseṭṭhino, ammā’’ti. ‘‘Tvaṃsi ghosito nāmā’’ti? ‘‘Āma, ammā’’ti. Tassā saha dassaneneva tasmiṃ puttasineho uppajji. Seṭṭhino panekā dhītā <a name="V2.0274"></a> atthi pannarasasoḷasavassuddesikā abhirūpā pāsādikā, taṃ rakkhituṃ ekameva pesanakārikaṃ dāsiṃ datvā sattabhūmikassa pāsādassa uparimatale sirigabbhe vasāpenti. Seṭṭhidhītā tasmiṃ khaṇe taṃ dāsiṃ antarāpaṇaṃ pesesi. Atha naṃ seṭṭhijāyā disvā ‘‘kuhiṃ gacchasī’’ti pucchitvā ‘‘ayyadhītāya pesanenā’’ti vutte ‘‘ito tāva ehi, tiṭṭhatu pesanaṃ, puttassa me pīṭhakaṃ attharitvā udakaṃ āharitvā pāde dhovitvā telaṃ makkhitvā sayanaṃ attharitvā dehi, pacchā pesanaṃ karissasī’’ti āha. Sā tathā akāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha naṃ cirenāgataṃ seṭṭhidhītā santajjesi. Atha naṃ sā āha – ‘‘mā me kujjhi, seṭṭhiputto ghosito āgato, tassa idañcidañca katvā tattha gantvā āgatāmhī’’ti. Seṭṭhidhītāya ‘‘seṭṭhiputto ghosito’’ti nāmaṃ sutvāva pubbasannivāsavasena pemaṃ chaviādīni chinditvā aṭṭhimiñjaṃ āhacca ṭhitaṃ. Atha naṃ pucchi ‘‘kuhiṃ so ammā’’ti? ‘‘Sayane <a name="P3.0684"></a> nipanno niddāyatī’’ti<a name="M2.0300"></a>. ‘‘Atthi panassa hatthe kiñcī’’ti? ‘‘Dussante paṇṇaṃ atthī’’ti. Sā ‘‘kiṃ paṇṇaṃ nu kho eta’’nti tasmiṃ niddāyante mātāpitūnaṃ aññavihitatāya apassantānaṃ otaritvā tassa santikaṃ gantvā taṃ paṇṇaṃ mocetvā ādāya attano gabbhaṃ pavisitvā dvāraṃ pidhāya vātapānaṃ vivaritvā akkharasamaye kusalatāya taṃ paṇṇaṃ vācetvā ‘‘aho vata bālo attano maraṇapaṇṇaṃ dussante bandhitvā vicarati, sace mayā na diṭṭhaṃ assa, natthi tassa jīvita’’nti. Taṃ paṇṇaṃ phāletvā nāsetvā seṭṭhissa vacanena aparaṃ paṇṇaṃ likhi – ‘‘ayaṃ mama putto ghosito nāma, gāmasatato paṇṇākāraṃ āharāpetvā imassa janapadaseṭṭhino dhītarā saddhiṃ maṅgalaṃ katvā attano vasanagāmassa majjhe dvibhūmikaṃ gehaṃ kāretvā pākāraparikkhepena ceva purisaguttīhi ca susaṃvihitārakkhaṃ karotu, mayhaṃ idañcidañca mayā katanti sāsanaṃ pesetu. Evaṃ kate ahaṃ mātulassa kattabbayuttakaṃ jānissāmī’’ti likhitvā ca paṇṇaṃ saṅgharitvā dussanteyevassa bandhi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">So divasabhāgaṃ niddāyitvā uṭṭhāya bhuñjitvā pakkāmi, punadivase pātova taṃ gāmaṃ gantvā āyuttakaṃ gāmakiccaṃ karontameva passi. So taṃ disvā ‘‘kiṃ tātā’’ti pucchitvā ‘‘pitarā me tumhākaṃ paṇṇaṃ pesita’’nti vutte paṇṇaṃ gahetvā vācetvā tuṭṭhamānaso ‘‘passatha, bho, mama sāmino mayi sinehaṃ katvā jeṭṭhaputtassa maṅgalaṃ karotū’’ti mama santikaṃ pahiṇi. ‘‘Sīghaṃ dāruādīni āharathā’’ti gahapatike āṇāpetvā gāmamajjhe vuttappakāraṃ gehaṃ kārāpetvā gāmasatato paṇṇākāraṃ āharāpetvā janapadaseṭṭhino dhītaraṃ ānetvā maṅgalaṃ katvā seṭṭhissa sāsanaṃ pahiṇi ‘‘idañcidañca mayā kata’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Taṃ <a name="V2.0275"></a> sutvā seṭṭhino ‘‘yaṃ kāremi, taṃ na hoti. Yaṃ na kāremi, taṃ hotī’’ti mahantaṃ domanassaṃ uppajji. Puttasokena saddhiṃ so soko ekato hutvā kucchidāhaṃ uppādetvā atisāraṃ janesi. Seṭṭhidhītāpi ‘‘sace koci seṭṭhino santikā āgacchati, mama akathetvā seṭṭhiputtassa paṭhamataraṃ mā kathethā’’ti āṇāpesi. Seṭṭhipi kho ‘‘na dāni duṭṭhaputtaṃ mama sāpateyyassa sāmikaṃ karissāmī’’ti cintetvā ekaṃ āyuttakaṃ āha – ‘‘mātula, puttaṃ me daṭṭhukāmomhi, ekaṃ pādamūlikaṃ pesetvā <a name="M2.0301"></a> ekaṃ paṇṇaṃ likhitvā pesetvā mama puttaṃ pakkosāpehī’’ti. So ‘‘sādhū’’ti paṇṇaṃ datvā ekaṃ purisaṃ pesesi. Seṭṭhidhītā seṭṭhissa balavagilānakāle ghositakumāraṃ ādāya agamāsi. Seṭṭhi kālamakāsi. Rājā <a name="P3.0685"></a> pitari kālaṅkate pitarā bhuttabhogaṃ datvā sabbasatena seṭṭhiṭṭhānaṃ adāsi. Ghositaseṭṭhi nāma hutvā mahāsampattiyaṃ ṭhito seṭṭhidhītāya kāḷiyā vacanena ādito paṭṭhāya sattasu ṭhānesu attano maraṇamuttabhāvaṃ ñatvā devasikaṃ satasahassaṃ vissajjetvā dānaṃ paṭṭhapesīti. Evamassa sattasu ṭhānesu arogabhāvo puññavato iddhi. Tattha gahanti gehaṃ vuccati, gahe pati <span class="bld">gahapati</span>. Mahāsālakule adhipatissetaṃ nāmaṃ. Kesuci potthakesu ghositānantaraṃ meṇḍako likhito.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pañcannaṃ mahāpuññānaṃ puññavato iddhī</span>ti ettha puññiddhi pañcannaṃ mahāpuññānaṃ daṭṭhabbāti attho. Pañca mahāpuññā nāma meṇḍakaseṭṭhi, tassa bhariyā candapadumā, putto dhanañcayaseṭṭhi, suṇisā sumanadevī, doso puṇṇo nāmāti ime pañca janā paccekasambuddhe katādhikārā. Tesu meṇḍakaseṭṭhi aḍḍhaterasāni koṭṭhasatāni sodhāpetvā sīsaṃ nhāto dvāre nisīditvā uddhaṃ ulloketi, ākāsato rattasālidhārā opatitvā sabbakoṭṭhe pūreti. Tassa bhariyā taṇḍulaṃ ekanāḷimattaṃ gahetvā bhattaṃ pacāpetvā ekasmiṃ sūpabyañjanake sūpaṃ kāretvā sabbālaṅkārapaṭimaṇḍitā dvārakoṭṭhake paññattāsane nisīditvā ‘‘sabbe bhattena atthikā āgacchantū’’ti ghosāpetvā pakkosāpetvā suvaṇṇakaṭacchuṃ ādāya āgatāgatānaṃ upanītabhājanāni pūretvā deti, sakaladivasampi dentiyā kaṭacchunā sakiṃ gahitaṭṭhānamattameva paññāyati. Tassa putto sīsaṃ nhāto sahassatthavikaṃ ādāya ‘‘kahāpaṇehi atthikā āgacchantū’’ti ghosāpetvā āgatāgatānaṃ gahitabhājanāni pūretvā deti. Thavikāya kahāpaṇasahassameva hoti. Tassa suṇisā sabbālaṅkārapaṭimaṇḍitā catudoṇikaṃ vīhipiṭakaṃ ādāya āsane nisinnā ‘‘bījabhattena atthikā āgacchantū’’ti ghosāpetvā āgatāgatānaṃ gahitabhājanāni pūretvā deti, piṭakaṃ yathāpūritameva hoti. Tassa dāso sabbālaṅkārapaṭimaṇḍito suvaṇṇayuge <a name="M2.0302"></a> suvaṇṇayottehi goṇe yojetvā suvaṇṇapatodayaṭṭhiṃ ādāya goṇānaṃ gandhapañcaṅgulikāni datvā visāṇesu suvaṇṇakosake paṭimuñcitvā khettaṃ gantvā pājeti<a name="V2.0276"></a>, ito tisso, ito tisso, majjhe ekāti satta sītāyo bhijjitvā gacchanti. Jambudīpavāsino bhattabījahiraññasuvaṇṇādīsu yathārucitaṃ seṭṭhigehatoyeva gaṇhiṃsu. Anukkamena pana bhaddiyanagaraṃ anuppatte bhagavati bhagavato dhammadesanāya pañca mahāpuññā ca dhanañcayaseṭṭhissa dhītā visākhā ca sotāpattiphalaṃ pāpuṇiṃsu. Ayaṃ pana nesaṃ pañcannaṃ mahāpuññānaṃ puññavato iddhi. Saṅkhepena pana paripākagate puññasambhāre ijjhanakaviseso puññavato iddhi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vijjāmayiddhiniddese <a name="P3.0686"></a> ijjhanākāraṃ gandhārivijjaṃ vā upacārasiddhaṃ patthitasiddhaṃ aññaṃ vā vijjaṃ dhārentīti <span class="bld">vijjādharā. Vijjaṃ parijappetvā</span>ti yathopacāraṃ vijjaṃ mukhena parivattetvā. Sesaṃ vuttatthamevāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sammāpayogiddhiniddese ijjhanākāramattaṃ pucchitvā aññassa visesassa abhāvato ‘‘katamā’’ti apucchitvā pakāramattameva pucchantena ‘‘katha’’nti pucchā katā, tatheva ‘‘eva’’nti nigamanaṃ kataṃ. Ettha ca paṭipattisaṅkhātasseva sammāpayogassa dīpanavasena purimapāḷisadisāva pāḷi āgatā. Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ pana sakaṭabyūhādikaraṇavasena yaṃkiñci saṃvidahanaṃ yaṃkiñci sippakammaṃ yaṃkiñci vejjakammaṃ tiṇṇaṃ vedānaṃ uggahaṇaṃ tiṇṇaṃ piṭakānaṃ uggahaṇaṃ, antamaso kasanavapanādīni upādāya taṃ taṃ kammaṃ katvā nibbattaviseso <span class="bld">tattha tattha sammāpayogapaccayā ijjhanaṭṭhena iddhī</span>ti āgatāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Iddhikathāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter">3. Abhisamayakathā</p>
<p class="subhead">Abhisamayakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="hangnum"><a name="para19"></a><span class="paranum">19</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"> Idāni <a name="V2.0277"></a> iddhikathānantaraṃ paramiddhibhūtaṃ abhisamayaṃ dassentena kathitāya abhisamayakathāya apubbatthānuvaṇṇanā. Tattha <span class="bld">abhisamayo</span>ti saccānaṃ abhimukhena samāgamo, paṭivedhoti attho. <span class="bld">Kena</span> <a name="M2.0303"></a> <span class="bld">abhisametī</span>ti kiṃ vuttaṃ hoti? ‘‘Evaṃ mahatthiyo kho, bhikkhave, dhammābhisamayo’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 2.74) suttapadesu yo so abhisamayoti vutto, tasmiṃ abhisamaye vattamāne abhisametā puggalo kena dhammena saccāni abhisameti, abhimukho hutvā samāgacchati, paṭivijjhatīti vuttaṃ hotīti. Ayaṃ tāva codakassa pucchā. <span class="bld">Cittena abhisametī</span>ti cittaṃ vinā abhisamayābhāvato tathā vissajjanaṃ. <span class="bld">Hañcī</span>tiādi puna codanā. <span class="bld">Hañci</span> yadīti attho. ‘‘Cittenā’’ti vuttattā <span class="bld">tena hi aññāṇī abhisametī</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Na aññāṇī abhisametī</span>ti cittamatteneva abhisamayābhāvato paṭikkhepo. <span class="bld">Ñāṇena abhisametī</span>ti paṭiññā. Puna <span class="bld">hañcī</span>tiādi ‘‘ñāṇenā’’ti vuttattā aññāṇī <span class="bld">acittako</span>ti codanā. <span class="bld">Na acittako abhisametī</span>ti acittakassa abhisamayābhāvato paṭikkhepo. <span class="bld">Cittena cā</span>tiādi paṭiññā. Puna <span class="bld">hañcī</span>tiādi sabbacittañāṇasādhāraṇavasena codanā. Sesacodanāvissajjanesupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Parato <a name="P3.0687"></a> pana <span class="bld">kammassakatacittena ca ñāṇena cā</span>ti kammassakā sattāti evaṃ kammassakatāya pavattacittena ca ñāṇena ca. <span class="bld">Saccānulomikacittena ca ñāṇena cā</span>ti saccapaṭivedhassa anukūlattā saccānulomikasaṅkhātena vipassanāsampayuttacittena ca vipassanāñāṇena ca. <span class="bld">Katha</span>nti yathā abhisamayo hoti, tathā kathetukamyatā pucchā. <span class="bld">Uppādādhipateyya</span>nti yasmā cittassa uppāde asati cetasikānaṃ uppādo natthi. Ārammaṇaggahaṇañhi cittaṃ tena saha uppajjamānā cetasikā kathaṃ ārammaṇe aggahite uppajjissanti. Abhidhammepi cittuppādeneva cetasikā vibhattā, tasmā maggañāṇassa uppāde adhipatibhūtaṃ cittanti attho. <span class="bld">Ñāṇassā</span>ti maggañāṇassa. <span class="bld">Hetu paccayo cā</span>ti janako ca upatthambhako <a name="V2.0278"></a> ca. <span class="bld">Taṃsampayutta</span>nti tena ñāṇena sampayuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Nirodhagocara</span>nti nibbānārammaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Dassanādhipateyya</span>nti sesānaṃ dassanakiccābhāvā nibbānadassane adhipatibhūtaṃ. <span class="bld">Cittassā</span>ti maggasampayuttacittassa. <span class="bld">Taṃsampayutta</span>nti tena cittena sampayuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="hangnum"><a name="para20"></a><span class="paranum">20</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"> Yasmā etampi pariyāyaṃ, na kevalaṃ cittañāṇehiyeva abhisamayo, atha kho sabbepi maggasampayuttacittacetasikā dhammā saccābhisamayakiccasādhanavasena <a name="M2.0304"></a> abhisamayo nāma honti, tasmā tampi pariyāyaṃ dassetukāmo <span class="bld">kiṃ nu ettakoyeva abhisamayo</span>ti pucchitvā <span class="bld">na hī</span>ti taṃ vacanaṃ paṭikkhipitvā <span class="bld">lokuttaramaggakkhaṇe</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Dassanābhisamayo</span>ti dassanabhūto abhisamayo. Esa nayo sesesupi. <span class="bld">Saccā</span>ti saccañāṇāni. Maggañāṇameva nibbānānupassanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">vipassanā. Vimokkho</span>ti maggavimokkho. <span class="bld">Vijjā</span>ti maggañāṇameva. <span class="bld">Vimuttī</span>ti samucchedavimutti. Nibbānaṃ abhisamīyatīti <span class="bld">abhisamayo,</span> sesā abhisamenti etehīti <span class="bld">abhisamayā</span>.</p>
<p class="hangnum"><a name="para21"></a><span class="paranum">21</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"> Puna maggaphalavasena abhisamayaṃ bhinditvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">kiṃ nū</span>tiādimāha. Phalakkhaṇe panettha yasmā samucchedanaṭṭhena khaye ñāṇaṃ na labbhati, tasmā paṭippassaddhaṭṭhena <span class="bld">anuppāde ñāṇa</span>nti vuttaṃ. Sesaṃ pana yathānurūpaṃ veditabbanti. Idāni yasmā kilesappahāne sati abhisamayo hoti, abhisamaye ca sati kilesappahānaṃ hoti, tasmā codanāpubbaṅgamaṃ kilesappahānaṃ dassetukāmo <span class="bld">yvāya</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">yvāya</span>nti yo ayaṃ maggaṭṭho ariyapuggalo. Evamādikāni panettha cattāri vacanāni codakassa pucchā. Puna <a name="P3.0688"></a> <span class="bld">atīte kilese pajahatī</span>ti idaṃ codanāya okāsadānatthaṃ vissajjanaṃ. <span class="bld">Khīṇa</span>nti bhaṅgavasena khīṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Niruddha</span>nti santānavasena punappunaṃ anuppattiyā niruddhaṃ. <span class="bld">Vigata</span>nti vattamānakkhaṇato apagataṃ. <span class="bld">Vigametī</span>ti apagamayati. <span class="bld">Atthaṅgata</span>nti abhāvaṃ gataṃ. <span class="bld">Atthaṅgametī</span>ti abhāvaṃ gamayati. Tattha dosaṃ dassetvā <span class="bld">na atīte kilese pajahatī</span>ti paṭikkhittaṃ. Anāgatacodanāya <span class="bld">ajāta</span>nti jātiṃ appattaṃ. <span class="bld">Anibbatta</span>nti sabhāvaṃ appattaṃ. <span class="bld">Anuppanna</span>nti uppādato pabhuti uddhaṃ na paṭipannaṃ. <span class="bld">Apātubhūta</span>nti paccuppannabhāvena cittassa apātubhūtaṃ. Atītānāgate pajahato pahātabbānaṃ natthitāya aphalo vāyāmo āpajjatīti tadubhayampi paṭikkhittaṃ. <span class="bld">Ratto rāgaṃ pajahatī</span>ti vattamānena rāgena ratto tameva rāgaṃ pajahati. Vattamānakilesesupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Thāmagato</span>ti thirasabhāvaṃ gato. <span class="bld">Kaṇhasukkā</span>ti akusalā ca kusalā ca dhammā <span class="bld">yuganaddhā samameva vattantī</span>ti āpajjatīti attho. <span class="bld">Saṃkilesikā</span>ti evaṃ saṃkilesānaṃ sampayuttabhāve sati saṃkilese niyuttā <span class="bld">maggabhāvanā hotī</span>ti āpajjatīti attho. Evaṃ paccuppanne pajahato vāyāmena saddhiṃ pahātabbānaṃ <a name="V2.0279"></a><a name="M2.0305"></a> atthitāya saṃkilesikā ca maggabhāvanā hoti, vāyāmo ca aphalo hoti. Na hi paccuppannānaṃ kilesānaṃ cittavippayuttatā nāma atthīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na hī</span>ti catudhā vuttassa vacanassa paṭikkhepo. <span class="bld">Atthī</span>ti paṭijānanaṃ. <span class="bld">Yathā kathaṃ viyā</span>ti atthibhāvassa udāharaṇadassanatthaṃ pucchā. Yathā atthi, taṃ kena pakārena viya atthi, kiṃ viya atthīti attho. <span class="bld">Seyyathāpī</span>ti yathā nāma. <span class="bld">Taruṇarukkho</span>ti phaladāyakabhāvadīpanatthaṃ taruṇaggahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Ajātaphalo</span>ti phaladāyakattepi sati phalaggahaṇato purekālaggahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Tamena</span>nti taṃ rukkhaṃ. <span class="bld">Ena</span>nti nipātamattaṃ, taṃ etanti vā attho. <span class="bld">Mūlaṃ chindeyyā</span>ti mūlato chindeyya. <span class="bld">Ajātaphalā</span>ti ajātāni phalāni. <span class="bld">Evameva</span>nti evaṃ evaṃ. <span class="bld">Uppādo pavattaṃ nimittaṃ āyūhanā</span>ti catūhipi paccuppannakhandhasantānameva vuttaṃ. Yasmiñhi khandhasantāne yaṃ yaṃ maggañāṇaṃ uppajjati, tena tena maggañāṇena pahātabbānaṃ kilesānaṃ taṃ khandhasantānaṃ abījaṃ hoti, tassa abījabhūtattā tappaccayā te te kilesā anuppannā eva na uppajjanti. <span class="bld">Ādīnavaṃ disvā</span>ti aniccādito ādīnavaṃ disvā. <span class="bld">Anuppādo</span>tiādīhi catūhi nibbānameva vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Cittaṃ pakkhandatī</span>ti maggasampayuttaṃ cittaṃ pakkhandati. <span class="bld">Hetunirodhā dukkhanirodho</span>ti kilesānaṃ bījabhūtassa santānassa anuppādanirodhā anāgatakkhandhabhūtassa dukkhassa hetubhūtānaṃ kilesānaṃ <a name="P3.0689"></a> anuppādanirodho hoti. Evaṃ dukkhassa hetubhūtakilesānaṃ anuppādanirodhā dukkhassa anuppādanirodho hoti. Evaṃ kilesappahānayuttisabbhāvato eva <span class="bld">atthi maggabhāvanā</span>tiādimāha. Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ (visuddhi. 2.832) pana ‘‘etena kiṃ dīpitaṃ hoti? Bhūmiladdhānaṃ kilesānaṃ pahānaṃ dīpitaṃ hoti. Bhūmiladdhā pana kiṃ atītā anāgatā, udāhu paccuppannāti? Bhūmiladdhuppannāyeva nāmā’’ti vatvā kathitakilesappahānassa vitthārakathā sutamayañāṇakathāya maggasaccaniddesavaṇṇanāyaṃ vuttanayeneva veditabbā, idha pana maggañāṇena pahātabbā kilesāyeva adhippetāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Abhisamayakathāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter">4. Vivekakathā</p>
<p class="subhead">Vivekakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para22"></a><span class="paranum">22</span>. Idāni <a name="V2.0280"></a><a name="M2.0306"></a> pahānāvasānāya abhisamayakathāya anantaraṃ pahānākāraṃ dassentena kathitāya suttantapubbaṅgamāya vivekakathāya apubbatthānuvaṇṇanā. Tattha suttante tāva <span class="bld">ye kecī</span>ti anavasesapariyādānaṃ. <span class="bld">Balakaraṇīyā</span>ti ūrubalena bāhubalena kattabbā. <span class="bld">Kammantā</span>ti dhāvanalaṅghanakasanavapanādīni kammāni. <span class="bld">Karīyantī</span>ti balavantehi karīyanti. <span class="bld">Sīlaṃ nissāyā</span>ti catupārisuddhisīlaṃ nissayaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Bhāvetī</span>ti bhinnasīlassa bhāvanābhāvato idha pana lokiyalokuttarā maggabhāvanā adhippetāti. <span class="bld">Vivekanissita</span>nti tadaṅgavivekaṃ samucchedavivekaṃ nissaraṇavivekaṃ nissitaṃ. <span class="bld">Viveko</span>ti vivittatā. Ayañhi ariyamaggabhāvanānuyutto yogī vipassanākkhaṇe kiccato tadaṅgavivekanissitaṃ, ajjhāsayato nissaraṇavivekanissitaṃ, maggakkhaṇe kiccato samucchedavivekanissitaṃ, ārammaṇato nissaraṇavivekanissitaṃ bhāveti. Esa nayo <span class="bld">virāganissitā</span>dīsu. Vivekoyeva hi virajjanaṭṭhena virāgo, nirodhaṭṭhena nirodho, vosajjanaṭṭhena vosaggo. Atha vā kilesehi vivittattā viveko, kilesehi virattattā virāgo, kilesānaṃ niruddhattā nirodho, kilesānañca pariccattattā vissaṭṭhattā, nibbānecattassa ca vissaṭṭhattā vosaggo. Vosaggo pana duvidho pariccāgavosaggo ca pakkhandanavosaggo ca. Tattha <span class="bld">pariccāgavosaggo</span>ti vipassanākkhaṇe tadaṅgavasena, maggakkhaṇe samucchedavasena kilesappahānaṃ. <span class="bld">Pakkhandanavosaggo</span>ti vipassanākkhaṇe tanninnabhāvena, maggakkhaṇe ārammaṇakaraṇena nibbānapakkhandanaṃ. Tadubhayampi imasmiṃ <a name="P3.0690"></a> lokiyalokuttaramissake atthavaṇṇanānaye vaṭṭati. Tathā hi ayaṃ sammādiṭṭhiādīsu ekeko dhammo yathāvuttena pakārena kilese ca pariccajati, nibbānañca pakkhandati. <span class="bld">Vosaggapariṇāmi</span>nti iminā pana sakalena vacanena vosaggatthaṃ pariṇāmitaṃ pariṇataṃ, paripaccitaṃ paripakkañcāti vuttaṃ hoti. Ayampi ariyamaggabhāvanānuyutto bhikkhu yathā sammādiṭṭhiādīsu ekeko dhammo kilesapariccāgavosaggatthañca <a name="V2.0281"></a> nibbānapakkhandanavosaggatthañca paripaccati, yathā ca paripakko hoti, tathā naṃ bhāveti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para23"></a><span class="paranum">23</span>. <span class="bld">Bījagāmabhūtagāmā</span>ti <a name="M2.0307"></a> ettha mūlabījaṃ khandhabījaṃ aggabījaṃ phaḷubījaṃ bījabījanti (pāci. 91) pañcavidhaṃ bījaṃ, bījagāmo nāma bījasamūhoti attho. Tadeva pana sampannanīlaṅkurapātubhāvato paṭṭhāya bhūtagāmo nāma, bhūtānaṃ jātānaṃ nibbattamūlanīlaṅkurānaṃ samūhoti attho. Devatāpariggahe sati nīlaṅkurakālato pabhuti hotīti tesaṃ devatāsaṅkhātānaṃ bhūtānaṃ gāmotipi bhūtagāmoti vadanti. <span class="bld">Vuddhi</span>nti aṅkurādivasena. <span class="bld">Viruḷhi</span>nti khandhādivasena. <span class="bld">Vepulla</span>nti pupphādivasena. Dhammesu pana <span class="bld">vuddhi</span>nti apubbadhammappavattivasena. <span class="bld">Viruḷi</span>nti sakiccakaraṇasādhanavasena. <span class="bld">Vepulla</span>nti kiccanipphattivasena vipulabhāvanti attho. Vipulattantipi pāṭho. Atha vā etāni tīṇi padāni sīlasamādhipaññāhipi yojenti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Maggaṅganiddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para24"></a><span class="paranum">24</span>. Suttantaniddese <span class="bld">sammādiṭṭhiyā</span>ti sāmivacanaṃ. Jhānavipassanāmaggaphalanibbānesu lokiyaviratisampayuttacitte ca yathāyogaṃ sampayogato ca ārammaṇato ca vattamānāya sammādiṭṭhiyā sāmaññalakkhaṇato ekībhūtāya sammādiṭṭhiyā. <span class="bld">Vikkhambhanaviveko</span>ti vikkhambhanavasena dūrīkaraṇavasena viveko. Kesaṃ? Nīvaraṇānaṃ. Tassa <span class="bld">paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ bhāvayato</span>tiādi vikkhambhanavasena paṭhamajjhānameva vuttaṃ. Tasmiṃ vutte sesajjhānānipi vuttāneva honti. Jhānesupi sammādiṭṭhiyā vijjamānattā sammādiṭṭhiyā viveko nāma hoti. <span class="bld">Tadaṅgaviveko</span>ti tena tena vipassanāñāṇaṅgena viveko. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhigatāna</span>nti diṭṭhivivekassa dukkarattā padhānattā ca diṭṭhivivekova vutto. Tasmiṃ vutte niccasaññādivivekopi vuttova hoti. <span class="bld">Nibbedhabhāgiyaṃ samādhi</span>nti vipassanāsampayuttasamādhiṃ. <span class="bld">Samucchedaviveko</span>ti kilesānaṃ samucchedena viveko. <span class="bld">Lokuttaraṃ khayagāmimagga</span>nti khayasaṅkhātanibbānagāmilokuttaramaggaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭippassaddhiviveko</span>ti kilesānaṃ paṭippassaddhiyā viveko. <span class="bld">Nissaraṇaviveko</span>ti sabbasaṅkhatanissaraṇabhūto saṅkhāraviveko. <span class="bld">Chandajāto hotī</span>ti pubbabhāge jātadhammachando <a name="P3.0691"></a> hoti. <span class="bld">Saddhādhimutto</span>ti pubbabhāgeyeva saddhāya adhimutto hoti. <span class="bld">Cittañcassa svādhiṭṭhita</span>nti pubbabhāgeyeva cittañca assa yogissa suadhiṭṭhitaṃ suṭṭhu patiṭṭhitaṃ hoti. Iti chando saddhā <a name="M2.0308"></a> cittanti ime tayo dhammā pubbabhāge uppannavivekānaṃ <a name="V2.0282"></a> upanissayattā nissayā nāma. Keci pana ‘‘cittañcassa svādhiṭṭhitanti samādhi vutto’’ti vadanti. <span class="bld">Virāgā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nirodhavāre pana nirodhasaddato aññaṃ pariyāyavacanaṃ dassentena <span class="bld">amatā dhātū</span>ti vuttaṃ, sesesu <span class="bld">nirodho nibbāna</span>nti ubhayatthāpi nibbānameva. <span class="bld">Dvādasa nissayā</span>ti chandasaddhācittāniyeva vivekādīsu catūsu ekekasmiṃ tayo tayo katvā dvādasa nissayā honti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para25"></a><span class="paranum">25</span>. Sammāsaṅkappavāyāmasatisamādhīnampi imināva nayena atthayojanā veditabbā. Sammāvācākammantā jīvānaṃ pana jhānakkhaṇe vipassanākkhaṇe ca abhāvā jhānavipassanānaṃ pubbabhāgaparabhāgavasena vattamānā viratiyo jhānavipassanā sannissitā katvā vuttāti veditabbaṃ. Nīvaraṇānaṃ diṭṭhigatānañca vivekavirāganirodhapaṭinissaggā tathā pavattamānānaṃ viratīnaṃ vivekādayo nāmāti veditabbaṃ. Yathā aṭṭhakanipāte ‘‘tato, tvaṃ bhikkhu, imaṃ samādhiṃ savitakkaṃ savicārampi bhāveyyāsi, avitakkavicāramattampi bhāveyyāsi, avitakkaṃ avicārampi bhāveyyāsi, sappītikampi bhāveyyāsi, nippītikampi bhāveyyāsi, sātasahagatampi bhāveyyāsi, upekkhāsahagatampi bhāveyyāsī’’ti (a. ni. 8.63) mettādayo kāyānupassanādayo ca niyakajjhattamūlasamādhivasena catukkapañcakajjhānikā viya vuttā, evamidhāpi pubbabhāgaparabhāgavasena viratiyo vuttāti veditabbaṃ. Byañjanacchāyamattaṃ gahetvā na bhagavā abbhācikkhitabbo. Gambhīrañhi buddhavacanaṃ, ācariye payirupāsitvā adhippāyato gahetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para26-27"></a><span class="paranum">26-27</span>. Bojjhaṅgabalaindriyavāresupi imināva nayena attho veditabboti.</p>
<p class="centered">Vivekakathāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter">5. Cariyākathā</p>
<p class="subhead">Cariyākathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para28-29"></a><span class="paranum">28-29</span>. Idāni <a name="V2.0283"></a><a name="P3.0692"></a> vivekakathānantaraṃ paramavivekabhūtassa nissaraṇavivekasaṅkhātassa nibbānassa sacchikaraṇīyassa sacchikiriyopāyadassanatthaṃ, tathā <a name="M2.0309"></a> sacchikatanirodhassa lokahitasukhakiriyākaraṇadassanatthañca indriyakathāya niddiṭṭhāpi cariyākathā puna kathitā. Tassā atthavaṇṇanā indriyakathāya kathitāyevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Cariyākathāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter">6. Pāṭihāriyakathā</p>
<p class="subhead">Pāṭihāriyakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para30"></a><span class="paranum">30</span>. Idāni <a name="V2.0284"></a> lokatthacariyāpariyosānāya cariyākathāya anantaraṃ lokatthānusāsanapariyosānaṃ pāṭihāriyaṃ dassentena kathitāya suttantapubbaṅgamāya pāṭihāriyakathāya apubbatthānuvaṇṇanā. Tattha suttante tāva <span class="bld">pāṭihāriyānī</span>ti paccanīkapaṭiharaṇavasena pāṭihāriyāni. <span class="bld">Iddhipāṭihāriya</span>nti ijjhanavasena iddhi, paṭiharaṇavasena pāṭihāriyaṃ, iddhiyeva pāṭihāriyaṃ iddhipāṭihāriyaṃ. Itaresu pana ādissanavasena <span class="bld">ādesanaṃ,</span> anusāsanavasena <span class="bld">anusāsanī</span>. Sesaṃ vuttanayameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Idhā</span>ti imasmiṃ loke. <span class="bld">Ekacco</span>ti eko poso. Iddhipāṭihāriyaniddeso heṭṭhā vuttatthoyeva. <span class="bld">Nimittena ādisatī</span>ti āgatanimittena vā gatanimittena vā ṭhitanimittena vā katheti. <span class="bld">Evampi te mano</span>ti evampi tava mano somanassito vā domanassito vā kāmavitakkādisampayutto vā. Api-saddo sampiṇḍanattho. <span class="bld">Itthampi te mano</span>ti somanassitādito ekekavidhepi citte nānappakāraparidīpanaṃ. <span class="bld">Itipi te citta</span>nti itipi tava cittaṃ, imañca imañca atthaṃ cintayamānaṃ pavattatīti attho. <span class="bld">Bahuṃ cepi ādisatī</span>ti cittato aññaṃ vā idañca idañca nāma ahosi bhavati bhavissatīti bahukampi katheti. <span class="bld">Tatheva taṃ hoti, no aññathā</span>ti taṃ sabbampi yathā yathā kathitaṃ, tatheva hoti, aññathā na hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na heva kho nimittena ādisatī</span>ti nimittaṃ jānantopi kevalaṃ nimitteneva na katheti. <span class="bld">Apicā</span>ti aparapariyāyadassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Manussāna</span>nti cittaṃ jānanakamanussānaṃ. <span class="bld">Amanussāna</span>nti sāvitānaṃ vā assāvitānaṃ vā yakkhapisācādīnaṃ. <span class="bld">Devatāna</span>nti cātumahārājikādīnaṃ<a name="P3.0693"></a>. <span class="bld">Saddaṃ sutvā</span>ti aññassa <a name="M2.0310"></a> cittaṃ ñatvā kathentānaṃ saddaṃ suṇitvā. <span class="bld">Panā</span>ti nipāto puna ārambhe. <span class="bld">Vitakkayato</span>ti yaṃ vā taṃ vā vitakkena vitakkentassa. <span class="bld">Vicārayato</span>ti vitakkasampayutteneva vicārena vicārentassa. <span class="bld">Vitakkavipphārasaddaṃ sutvā</span>ti vitakkavegavasena uppannaṃ vippalapantānaṃ suttappamattādīnaṃ <a name="V2.0285"></a> kūjanasaddaṃ sutvā. Yaṃ vitakkayato so saddo uppanno, tassa vasena ‘‘evampi te mano’’tiādīni ādisati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ samādhi</span>nti vitakkavicārakkhobhavirahitasantacittassāpi jānanasamatthataṃ dassentena vuttaṃ, sesacittajānane pana vattabbameva natthi. <span class="bld">Cetasā ceto paricca pajānātī</span>ti cetopariyañāṇalābhī. <span class="bld">Bhoto</span>ti bhavantassa. <span class="bld">Manosaṅkhārā paṇihitā</span>ti cittasaṅkhārā ṭhapitā. <span class="bld">Amukaṃ nāma vitakkaṃ vitakkayissatī</span>ti kusalādivitakkaṃ vitakkayissati pavattayissatīti pajānāti. Pajānanto ca āgamanena jānāti, pubbabhāgena jānāti, antosamāpattiyaṃ cittaṃ oloketvā jānāti. <span class="bld">Āgamanena jānāti</span> nāma kasiṇaparikammakāleyeva ‘‘yenākārenesa kasiṇabhāvanaṃ āraddho paṭhamajjhānaṃ vā dutiyādijjhānaṃ vā aṭṭha samāpattiyo vā uppādessatī’’ti jānāti. <span class="bld">Pubbabhāgena jānāti</span> nāma paṭhamavipassanāya āraddhāya evaṃ jānāti, ‘‘yenākārenesa vipassanaṃ āraddho sotāpattimaggaṃ vā uppādessati…pe… arahattamaggaṃ vā uppādessatī’’ti jānāti. <span class="bld">Antosamāpattiyaṃ cittaṃ oloketvā jānāti</span> nāma ‘‘yenākārena imassa manosaṅkhārā ṭhapitā, imassa nāma cittassa anantarā imaṃ nāma vitakkaṃ vitakkessati, ito vuṭṭhitassa etassa hānabhāgiyo vā samādhi bhavissati, ṭhitibhāgiyo vā visesabhāgiyo vā nibbedhabhāgiyo vā, abhiññāyo vā uppādessatī’’ti jānāti. <span class="bld">Bahuṃ cepi ādisatī</span>ti cetopariyañāṇassa cittacetasikānaṃyeva ārammaṇakaraṇato sarāgādisoḷasapabhedavaseneva bahuṃ cepi katheti, na aññavasenāti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Tatheva taṃ hotī</span>ti idaṃ ekaṃsena tatheva hoti. Cetopariyañāṇavasena ñātañhi aññathābhāvī nāma natthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evaṃ vitakkethā</span>ti evaṃ nekkhammavitakkādayo pavattentā vitakketha. <span class="bld">Mā evaṃ vitakkayitthā</span>ti evaṃ kāmavitakkādayo pavattentā mā vitakkayittha<a name="M2.0311"></a>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ manasi karothā</span>ti evaṃ aniccasaññameva, dukkhasaññādīsu vā aññataraṃ manasi karotha. <span class="bld">Mā evaṃ manasākatthā</span>ti evaṃ niccantiādinā nayena mā manasi akattha. <span class="bld">Idaṃ</span> <a name="P3.0694"></a> <span class="bld">pajahathā</span>ti idaṃ pañcakāmaguṇarāgādiṃ pajahatha. <span class="bld">Idaṃ upasampajja viharathā</span>ti idaṃ catumaggaphalappabhedaṃ lokuttaradhammameva pāpuṇitvā nipphādetvā viharatha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para31"></a><span class="paranum">31</span>. Idāni iddhipāṭihāriye aparaṃ pariyāyaṃ visesena dassento <span class="bld">nekkhammaṃ ijjhatīti iddhī</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">kāmacchandaṃ paṭiharatī</span>ti attano paṭipakkhabhūtaṃ kāmacchandaṃ paṭibalaṃ hutvā <a name="V2.0286"></a> harati pajahatīti tadeva nekkhammaṃ pāṭihāriyaṃ nāmāti attho. <span class="bld">Ye tena nekkhammena samannāgatā</span>ti evaṃ kāmacchandapaṭihārakena tena nekkhammena ye puggalā paṭilābhavasena samannāgatā. <span class="bld">Visuddhacittā</span>ti kāmacchandābhāvato visuddhacittā. <span class="bld">Anāvilasaṅkappā</span>ti kāmasaṅkappena anālulitanekkhammasaṅkappā. <span class="bld">Iti ādesanāpāṭihāriya</span>nti paracittakusalena vā aññena vā sammāsambuddhena vā buddhasāvakehi vā evaṃ ādesanā pāṭihāriyanti attho. Atha vā iti evaṃ ādisanaṃ ādesanāpāṭihāriyanti ādesanasaddo pāṭhasesaṃ katvā payujjitabbo. <span class="bld">Evaṃ āsevitabba</span>nti iminā ca pakārena iminā ca pakārena ādito sevitabbaṃ. Sesattayepi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Tadanudhammatā sati upaṭṭhapetabbā</span>ti tassa nekkhammassa anukūlabhūtā sati bhusaṃ ṭhapetabbā. <span class="bld">Iti anusāsanīpāṭihāriya</span>nti ettha ādesanāpāṭihāriyayojanāya viya yojanā kātabbā. Abyāpādādīsupi eseva nayo. Pāṭho pana jhānādīni saṅkhipitvā ante arahattamaggameva dassetvā likhito. Tattha catūsupi maggesu ‘‘evaṃ āsevitabbo’’tiādi ekacittakkhaṇikattā maggassa pubbabhāgavasena vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Maggassa hi pubbabhāgabhūtāya lokiyamaggasaṅkhātāya vuṭṭhānagāminiyā vipassanāya magguppādanatthaṃ āsevanādīsu katesu tāya uppanno maggopi āsevito bhāvito bahulīkato nāma hotīti veditabbaṃ. Sabbatthikavādācariyā pana ‘‘ekekamaggo soḷasakkhaṇiko’’ti vadanti. Tadanudhammatāsatiupaṭṭhāpanaṃ pana pubbabhāge yujjatiyevāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para32"></a><span class="paranum">32</span>. Puna <span class="bld">nekkhammaṃ ijjhatīti iddhī</span>tiādīni ‘‘iddhipāṭihāriya’’ntipadassa kammadhārayasamāsattadīpanatthaṃ vuttāni. Suttante vuttesu tīsu iddhipāṭihāriyasseva samāsatte vutte sesānaṃ dvinnampi vuttova hotīti imasmiṃ <a name="M2.0312"></a> pariyāye mūlabhūtassa iddhipāṭihāriyasseva samāsattho vuttoti veditabbanti.</p>
<p class="centered">Pāṭihāriyakathāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter">7. Samasīsakathā</p>
<p class="subhead">Samasīsakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para33"></a><span class="paranum">33</span>. Idāni <a name="V2.0287"></a><a name="P3.0695"></a> pāṭihāriyakathānantaraṃ ādipāṭihāriyabhūtassa iddhipāṭihāriyasaṅgahitassa samasīsibhāvassa iddhipāṭihāriyabhāvadīpanatthaṃ ñāṇakathāya niddiṭṭhāpi samasīsakathā iddhipāṭihāriyasambandhena puna kathitā. Tassā atthavaṇṇanā tattha kathitāyevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Samasīsakathāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter">8. Satipaṭṭhānakathā</p>
<p class="subhead">Satipaṭṭhānakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para34"></a><span class="paranum">34</span>. Idāni <a name="V2.0288"></a> samasīsakathānantaraṃ attanā vuttassa iddhipāṭihāriyassa sādhake satta anupassanāvisese dassentena kathitāya suttantapubbaṅgamāya satipaṭṭhānakathāya apubbatthānuvaṇṇanā. Tattha suttante tāva <span class="bld">cattāro</span>ti gaṇanaparicchedo, tena na tato heṭṭhā, na uddhanti satipaṭṭhānaparicchedaṃ dīpeti. <span class="bld">Ime</span>ti niddisitabbanidassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhikkhave</span>ti dhammapaṭiggāhakapuggalālapanaṃ. <span class="bld">Satipaṭṭhānā</span>ti tayo satipaṭṭhānā satigocaropi, tidhā paṭipannesu sāvakesu satthuno paṭighānunayavītivattatāpi, satipi. ‘‘Catunnaṃ, bhikkhave, satipaṭṭhānānaṃ samudayañca atthaṅgamañca desessāmī’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 5.408) hi satigocaro ‘‘satipaṭṭhāna’’nti vutto. Tassattho – patiṭṭhāti tasminti paṭṭhānaṃ. Kā patiṭṭhāti? Sati. Satiyā paṭṭhānaṃ satipaṭṭhānanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Tayo satipaṭṭhānā yadariyo sevati, yadariyo sevamāno satthā gaṇamanusāsitumarahatī’’ti (ma. ni. 3.304, 311) ettha tidhā paṭipannesu sāvakesu satthuno paṭighānunayavītivattatā ‘‘satipaṭṭhāna’’nti vuttā. Tassattho – paṭṭhapetabbato <a name="M2.0313"></a> paṭṭhānaṃ, pavattayitabbatoti attho. Kena paṭṭhapetabbatoti? Satiyā. Satiyā paṭṭhānaṃ satipaṭṭhānanti. ‘‘Cattāro satipaṭṭhānā bhāvitā bahulīkatā satta bojjhaṅge paripūrentī’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 3.147) pana satiyeva ‘‘satipaṭṭhāna’’nti vuttā. Tassattho – patiṭṭhātīti paṭṭhānaṃ, upaṭṭhāti okkanditvā pakkhanditvā vattatīti attho. Satiyeva paṭṭhānaṃ satipaṭṭhānaṃ. Atha vā saraṇaṭṭhena sati, upaṭṭhānaṭṭhena upaṭṭhānaṃ. Iti sati ca sā upaṭṭhānañcātipi satipaṭṭhānaṃ. Idamidha adhippetaṃ. Yadi <a name="P3.0696"></a> evaṃ kasmā satipaṭṭhānāti bahuvacanaṃ katanti? Satibahuttā. Ārammaṇabhedena hi bahukā tā satiyoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Katame cattāro</span>ti kathetukamyatāpucchā. <span class="bld">Idhā</span>ti imasmiṃ sāsane. <span class="bld">Bhikkhū</span>ti saṃsāre bhayaṃ ikkhatīti <a name="V2.0289"></a> bhikkhu. Sesapadānaṃ atthavaṇṇanā panettha sutamayañāṇakathāya maggasaccaniddesavaṇṇanāyaṃ vuttāyevāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kasmā pana bhagavatā cattārova satipaṭṭhānā vuttā anūnā anadhikāti? Veneyyahitattā. Taṇhācaritadiṭṭhicaritasamathayānikavipassanāyānikesu hi mandatikkhavasena dvedhā dvedhā pavattesu mandassa taṇhācaritassa oḷārikaṃ kāyānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānaṃ visuddhimaggo, tikkhassa sukhumaṃ vedanānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānaṃ. Diṭṭhicaritassāpi mandassa nātippabhedagataṃ cittānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānaṃ visuddhimaggo, tikkhassa atippabhedagataṃ dhammānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānaṃ. Samathayānikassa ca mandassa akicchena adhigantabbanimittaṃ paṭhamaṃ satipaṭṭhānaṃ visuddhimaggo, tikkhassa oḷārikārammaṇe asaṇṭhahanato dutiyaṃ. Vipassanāyānikassapi mandassa nātippabhedagatārammaṇaṃ tatiyaṃ, tikkhassa atippabhedagatārammaṇaṃ catutthaṃ. Iti cattārova vuttā anūnā anadhikāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Subhasukhaniccaattavipallāsappahānatthaṃ vā. Kāyo hi asubho, tattha ca subhavipallāsavipallatthā sattā. Tesaṃ tattha asubhabhāvadassanena tassa vipallāsassa pahānatthaṃ paṭhamaṃ satipaṭṭhānaṃ vuttaṃ. Sukhaṃ niccaṃ attāti gahitesupi ca vedanādīsu vedanā dukkhā, cittaṃ aniccaṃ, dhammā anattā, tesu ca sukhaniccaattavipallāsavipallatthā sattā. Tesaṃ tattha dukkhādibhāvadassanena tesaṃ vipallāsānaṃ pahānatthaṃ sesāni tīṇi vuttānīti <a name="M2.0314"></a> evaṃ subhasukhaniccaattavipallāsappahānatthaṃ vā cattārova vuttā. Na kevalañca vipallāsappahānatthameva, caturoghayogāsavaganthaupādānaagatippahānatthampi catubbidhāhārapariññatthampi cattārova vuttāti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para35"></a><span class="paranum">35</span>. (Ka) suttantaniddese <span class="bld">pathavīkāya</span>nti imasmiṃ rūpakāye pathavīdhātu. Sakalasarīre pana pathavīdhātūnaṃ bahukattā sabbapathavīdhātusaṅgahatthaṃ samūhatthena kāyaggahaṇaṃ kataṃ. <span class="bld">Āpokāyā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Kesakāyā</span>dīnampi bahukattā kesakāyādigahaṇaṃ kataṃ. <span class="bld">Vakkā</span>dīni pana paricchinnattā kāyaggahaṇaṃ nārahantīti tesaṃ gahaṇaṃ na katanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">(Kha) <span class="bld">sukhaṃ</span> <a name="P3.0697"></a> <span class="bld">vedana</span>ntiādīsu <span class="bld">sukhaṃ vedana</span>nti kāyikaṃ vā cetasikaṃ vā sukhaṃ vedanaṃ. Tathā <span class="bld">dukkhaṃ vedanaṃ. Adukkhamasukhaṃ vedana</span>nti pana cetasikameva upekkhāvedanaṃ. <span class="bld">Sāmisaṃ sukhaṃ vedana</span>nti cha gehasitasomanassavedanā. <span class="bld">Nirāmisaṃ sukhaṃ vedana</span>nti cha nekkhammasitasomanassavedanā<a name="V2.0290"></a>. <span class="bld">Sāmisaṃ dukkhaṃ vedana</span>nti cha gehasitadomanassavedanā. <span class="bld">Nirāmisaṃ dukkhaṃ vedana</span>nti cha nekkhammasitadomanassavedanā. <span class="bld">Sāmisaṃ adukkhamasukhaṃ vedana</span>nti cha gehasitaupekkhāvedanā. <span class="bld">Nirāmisaṃ adukkhamasukhaṃ vedana</span>nti cha nekkhammasitaupekkhāvedanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">(Ga) <span class="bld">sarāgaṃ citta</span>ntiādīni ñāṇakathāyaṃ vuttatthāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext">(Gha) <span class="bld">tadavasese dhamme</span>ti tehi kāyavedanācittehi avasese tebhūmakadhamme. Sabbattha <span class="bld">tena ñāṇenā</span>ti tena sattavidhena anupassanāñāṇena. Yāni panettha antarantarā avuttatthāni, tāni heṭṭhā tattha tattha vuttatthānevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Satipaṭṭhānakathāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter">9. Vipassanākathā</p>
<p class="subhead">Vipassanākathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para36"></a><span class="paranum">36</span>. Idāni <a name="V2.0291"></a> vipassanāpaṭisaṃyuttāya satipaṭṭhānakathāya anantaraṃ vipassanāpabhedaṃ dassentena kathitāya suttantapubbaṅgamāya vipassanākathāya apubbatthānuvaṇṇanā. Tattha suttante tāva <span class="bld">so</span>iti sabbanāmattā yo <a name="M2.0315"></a> vā so vā sabbopi saṅgahito hoti. <span class="bld">Vatā</span>ti ekaṃsatthe nipāto. <span class="bld">Kañci saṅkhāra</span>nti appamattakampi saṅkhāraṃ. <span class="bld">Anulomikāya khantiyā</span>ti ettha vipassanāñāṇameva lokuttaramaggaṃ anulometīti anulomikaṃ, tadeva khantimapekkhitvā anulomikā. Sabbasaṅkhārā tassa aniccato dukkhato anattato khamanti ruccantīti khanti. Sā mudukā majjhimā tikkhāti tividhā. Kalāpasammasanādikā udayabbayañāṇapariyosānā mudukānulomikā khanti. Bhaṅgānupassanādikā saṅkhārupekkhāñāṇapariyosānā majjhimānulomikā khanti. Anulomañāṇaṃ tikkhānulomikā khanti. <span class="bld">Samannāgato</span>ti upeto. <span class="bld">Netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjatī</span>ti yathāvuttaṃ etaṃ ṭhānaṃ etaṃ kāraṇaṃ na vijjati. <span class="bld">Sammattaniyāma</span>nti ettha ‘‘hitasukhāvaho me bhavissatī’’ti evaṃ āsīsato tatheva sambhavato <a name="P3.0698"></a> asubhādīsu ca asubhantiādiaviparītappavattisabbhāvato ca sammā sabhāvoti sammatto, anantaraphaladānāya arahattuppattiyā ca niyāmabhūtattā niyāmo, nicchayoti attho. Sammatto ca so niyāmo cāti sammattaniyāmo. Ko so? Lokuttaramaggo, visesato pana sotāpattimaggo. Tena hi magganiyāmena niyatattā ‘‘niyato sambodhiparāyaṇo’’ti (pārā. 21; dī. ni. 1.373) vuttaṃ. Taṃ sammattaniyāmaṃ okkamissati pavisissatīti etaṃ aṭṭhānanti attho. Gotrabhuno pana maggassa āvajjanaṭṭhāniyattā taṃ anādiyitvā anulomikakhantiyā anantaraṃ sammattaniyāmokkamanaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Atha vā aṭṭhārasasu mahāvipassanāsu gotrabhu vivaṭṭanānupassanā hotīti anulomikakhantiyā eva saṅgahitā hoti. Catūsupi suttantesu imināva nayena attho veditabbo. Etehi anulomikakhantisammattaniyāmacatuariyaphalavasena ca cha dhammāti chakkanipāte <a name="V2.0292"></a> (a. ni. 6.98, 101) cattāro suttantā vuttā. Kaṇhapakkhasukkapakkhadvayavasena hi cattāro suttantāva hontīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para37"></a><span class="paranum">37</span>. <span class="bld">Katihākārehī</span>tiādike pucchāpubbaṅgame suttantaniddese <span class="bld">pañcakkhandhe aniccato</span>tiādīsu nāmarūpañca nāmarūpassa paccaye ca pariggahetvā kalāpasammasanavasena āraddhavipassako yogāvacaro pañcasu khandhesu ekekaṃ khandhaṃ aniccantikatāya ādiantavatāya ca <span class="bld">aniccato</span> passati<a name="M2.0316"></a>. Uppādavayapaṭipīḷanatāya dukkhavatthutāya ca <span class="bld">dukkhato</span>. Paccayayāpanīyatāya rogamūlatāya ca <span class="bld">rogato</span>. Dukkhatāsūlayogitāya kilesāsucipaggharaṇatāya uppādajarābhaṅgehi uddhumātaparipakkapabhinnatāya ca <span class="bld">gaṇḍato</span>. Pīḷājanakatāya antotudanatāya dunnīharaṇīyatāya ca <span class="bld">sallato</span>. Vigarahaṇīyatāya avaḍḍhiāvahanatāya aghavatthutāya ca <span class="bld">aghato</span>. Aseribhāvajanakatāya ābādhapadaṭṭhānatāya ca <span class="bld">ābādhato</span>. Avasatāya avidheyyatāya ca <span class="bld">parato</span>. Byādhijarāmaraṇehi lujjanapalujjanatāya <span class="bld">palokato</span>. Anekabyasanāvahanatāya <span class="bld">ītito</span>. Aviditānaṃyeva vipulānaṃ anatthānaṃ āvahanato sabbūpaddavavatthutāya ca <span class="bld">upaddavato</span>. Sabbabhayānaṃ ākaratāya ca dukkhavūpasamasaṅkhātassa paramassāsassa paṭipakkhabhūtatāya ca <span class="bld">bhayato</span>. Anekehi anatthehi anubaddhatāya dosūpasaṭṭhatāya upasaggo viya anadhivāsanārahatāya ca <span class="bld">upasaggato</span>. Byādhijarāmaraṇehi ceva lobhādīhi ca lokadhammehi pacalitatāya <span class="bld">calato</span>. Upakkamena ceva sarasena ca pabhaṅgupagamanasīlatāya <span class="bld">pabhaṅguto</span>. Sabbāvatthanipātitāya thirabhāvassa ca abhāvatāya <span class="bld">addhuvato</span>. Atāyanatāya ceva alabbhaneyyakhematāya ca <span class="bld">atāṇato</span>. Allīyituṃ anarahatāya allīnānampi ca leṇakiccākāritāya <span class="bld">aleṇato</span><a name="P3.0699"></a>. Nissitānaṃ bhayasārakattābhāvena <span class="bld">asaraṇato</span>. Yathāparikappitehi dhuvasubhasukhattabhāvehi rittatāya <span class="bld">rittato</span>. Rittatāyeva <span class="bld">tucchato,</span> appakattā vā. Appakampi hi loke tucchanti vuccati. Sāminivāsivedakakārakādhiṭṭhāyakavirahitatāya <span class="bld">suññato</span>. Sayañca asāmikabhāvāditāya <span class="bld">anattato</span>. Pavattidukkhatāya dukkhassa ca ādīnavatāya <span class="bld">ādīnavato</span>. Atha vā ādīnaṃ vāti gacchati pavattatīti ādīnavo. Kapaṇamanussassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ, khandhāpi ca kapaṇāyevāti ādīnavasadisatāya ādīnavato. Jarāya ceva maraṇena cāti dvedhā pariṇāmapakatitāya <span class="bld">vipariṇāmadhammato</span>. Dubbalatāya pheggu viya sukhabhañjanīyatāya ca <span class="bld">asārakato</span>. Aghahetutāya <span class="bld">aghamūlato</span>. Mittamukhasapatto viya vissāsaghātitāya <span class="bld">vadhakato</span>. Vigatabhavatāya vibhavasambhūtatāya ca <span class="bld">vibhavato</span>. Āsavapadaṭṭhānatāya <span class="bld">sāsavato</span>. Hetupaccayehi <a name="M2.0317"></a> abhisaṅkhatatāya <span class="bld">saṅkhatato</span>. Maccumārakilesamārānaṃ āmisabhūtatāya <span class="bld">mārāmisato</span>. Jātijarābyādhimaraṇapakatitāya <span class="bld">jātijarābyādhimaraṇadhammato</span>. Sokaparidevaupāyāsahetutāya <a name="V2.0293"></a> <span class="bld">sokaparidevaupāyāsadhammato</span>. Taṇhādiṭṭhiduccaritasaṃkilesānaṃ visayadhammatāya <span class="bld">saṃkilesikadhammato</span> passati. Sabbesu ca imesu ‘‘passatī’’ti pāṭhaseso daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para38"></a><span class="paranum">38</span>. <span class="bld">Pañcakkhandhe</span>ti samūhato vuttepi ekekakhandhavasena atthavaṇṇanā kalāpasammasanañāṇaniddese visuṃ visuṃ āgatattā pariyosāne ca visuṃ visuṃ khandhānaṃ vasena anupassanānaṃ gaṇitattā samūhe pavattavacanānaṃ avayavepi pavattisambhavato ca katāti veditabbā, visuṃ visuṃ pavattasammasanānaṃ ekato saṅkhipitvā vacanavasena vā ‘‘pañcakkhandhe’’ti vuttanti veditabbaṃ. ‘‘Ekappahārena pañcahi khandhehi vuṭṭhātī’’ti (visuddhi. 2.783) aṭṭhakathāvacanasabbhāvato vā pañcannaṃ khandhānaṃ ekato sammasanaṃ vā yujjatiyevāti. <span class="bld">Pañcannaṃ khandhānaṃ nirodho niccaṃ nibbānanti passanto</span>tiādīnavañāṇaniddese vuttanayena vipassanākāle santipadañāṇavasena niccaṃ nibbānanti passanto. <span class="bld">Sammattaniyāmaṃ okkamatī</span>ti maggakkhaṇe okkamati, phalakkhaṇe pana okkanto nāma hoti. Eseva nayo sabbesupi niyāmokkamanapariyāyesu. <span class="bld">Ārogya</span>nti ārogyabhūtaṃ. <span class="bld">Visalla</span>nti sallavirahitaṃ. Eseva nayo īdisesu. <span class="bld">Anābādha</span>nti ābādhavirahitaṃ, ābādhapaṭipakkhabhūtaṃ vā. Esa nayo īdisesu. <span class="bld">Aparappaccaya</span>nti aññapaccayavirahitaṃ. <span class="bld">Upassaggato</span>ti ca <span class="bld">anupassagga</span>nti ca keci saṃyogaṃ katvā paṭhanti. <span class="bld">Paramasuñña</span>nti sabbasaṅkhārasuññattā uttamattā ca paramasuññaṃ. <span class="bld">Paramattha</span>nti saṅkhatāsaṅkhatānaṃ aggabhūtattā uttamatthaṃ<a name="P3.0700"></a>. Liṅgavipallāsavasena napuṃsakavacanaṃ. Nibbānassa ca suññattā anattattā ca imasmiṃ dvaye paṭilomapariyāyo na vutto. <span class="bld">Anāsava</span>nti āsavavirahitaṃ. <span class="bld">Nirāmisa</span>nti āmisavirahitaṃ. <span class="bld">Ajāta</span>nti jātivirahitattā anuppannaṃ. <span class="bld">Amata</span>nti bhaṅgābhāvato maraṇavirahitaṃ. Maraṇampi hi napuṃsakabhāvavacanavasena ‘‘mata’’nti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para39"></a><span class="paranum">39</span>. Evamimāya paṭipāṭiyā vuttāsu ākārabhedabhinnāsu cattālīsāya anupassanāsu sabhāvasaṅgahavasena tīsuyeva anupassanāsu ekasaṅgahaṃ <a name="M2.0318"></a> karonto <span class="bld">aniccatoti aniccānupassanā</span>tiādimāha. Tāsu yathānurūpaṃ aniccadukkhānattatte yojanā kātabbā. Avasāne panetā visuṃ visuṃ gaṇanavasena dassitā. Gaṇanāsu ca gaṇanapaṭipāṭivasena paṭhamaṃ anattānupassanā gaṇitā. Tattha <span class="bld">pañcavīsatī</span>ti ‘‘parato rittato tucchato suññato anattato’’ti ekekasmiṃ khandhe pañca pañca katvā pañcasu khandhesu pañcavīsati <span class="bld">anattānupassanā</span>. <span class="bld">Paññāsā</span>ti ‘‘aniccato palokato calato pabhaṅguto addhuvato vipariṇāmadhammato asārakato vibhavato saṅkhatato maraṇadhammato’’ti ekekasmiṃ khandhe dasa dasa katvā pañcasu khandhesu paññāsaṃ <span class="bld">aniccānupassanā. Sataṃ pañcavīsati cevā</span>ti sesā ‘‘dukkhato rogato’’tiādayo <a name="V2.0294"></a> ekekasmiṃ khandhe pañcavīsati pañcavīsati katvā pañcasu khandhesu pañcavīsatisataṃ <span class="bld">dukkhānupassanā. Yāni dukkhe pavuccare</span>ti yā anupassanā dukkhe khandhapañcake gaṇanavasena pavuccanti, tā sataṃ pañcavīsati cevāti sambandho veditabbo. ‘‘Yānī’’ti cettha liṅgavipallāso daṭṭhabboti.</p>
<p class="centered">Vipassanākathāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter">10. Mātikākathā</p>
<p class="subhead">Mātikākathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para40"></a><span class="paranum">40</span>. Idāni <a name="V2.0295"></a> mahāthero vipassanākathānantaraṃ sakale paṭisambhidāmagge niddiṭṭhe samathavipassanāmagganibbānadhamme ākāranānattavasena nānāpariyāyehi thometukāmo <span class="bld">nicchāto</span>tiādīni ekūnavīsati mātikāpadāni uddisitvā tesaṃ niddesavasena mātikākathaṃ nāma kathesi. Tassā ayaṃ apubbatthānuvaṇṇanā. Mātikāya tāva <span class="bld">nicchāto</span>ti amilāto. Sabbepi hi kilesā pīḷāyogato milātā, rāgopi tāva nirantarappavatto sarīraṃ dahati, kiṃ panaññe kilesā<a name="P3.0701"></a>. ‘‘Tayome, bhikkhave, aggī rāgaggi dosaggi mohaggī’’ti (itivu. 93; dī. ni. 3.305) pana kilesanāyakā tayo eva kilesā vuttā, taṃsampayuttāpi pana dahantiyeva. Evaṃ chātakilesābhāvato nicchāto. Ko so? Vimokkhasambandhena vimokkhoti daṭṭhabbo. Muccatīti <span class="bld">mokkho</span>. Vimuccatīti <span class="bld">vimokkho</span>ti <a name="M2.0319"></a> attho. Idamekaṃ mātikāpadaṃ. <span class="bld">Vijjāvimuttī</span>ti vijjāyeva vimutti. Idamekaṃ mātikāpadaṃ. <span class="bld">Jhānavimokkho</span>ti jhānameva vimokkho. Idamekaṃ mātikāpadaṃ. Sesāni ekekānevāti evaṃ ekūnavīsati mātikāpadāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para41"></a><span class="paranum">41</span>. <span class="bld">Nekkhammena kāmacchandato nicchāto</span>ti nekkhammena kāmacchandato apetattā kāmacchandato nikkileso yogī. Tena paṭiladdhaṃ nekkhammampi nicchāto nikkileso vimokkho. Evaṃ sesesupi. <span class="bld">Nekkhammena kāmacchandato muccatīti vimokkho</span>ti nekkhammena kāmacchandato yogī muccatīti taṃ nekkhammaṃ vimokkhoti attho. Evaṃ sesesupi. <span class="bld">Vijjatīti vijjā</span>ti sabhāvato vijjati atthi upalabbhatīti vijjā nāmāti attho. Atha vā sabhāvajānanatthaṃ paṭipannehi yogīhi sabhāvaṃ vedīyati jānīyatīti vijjā nāmāti attho. Atha vā visesalābhatthaṃ paṭipannehi yogīhi vedīyati paṭilābhīyatīti vijjā nāmāti attho. Atha vā attanā vinditabbaṃ bhūmiṃ vindati labhatīti vijjā nāmāti attho. Atha vā sabhāvadassanahetuttā sabhāvaṃ viditaṃ karotīti vijjā nāmāti attho. <span class="bld">Vijjanto muccati, muccanto</span> <a name="V2.0296"></a> <span class="bld">vijjatī</span>ti yathāvutto dhammo yathāvuttenatthena vijjamāno yathāvuttato muccati, yathāvuttato muccamāno yathāvuttenatthena vijjatīti vijjāvimutti nāmāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāmacchandaṃ saṃvaraṭṭhenā</span>ti kāmacchandanivāraṇaṭṭhena taṃ nekkhammaṃ <span class="bld">sīlavisuddhi</span> nāmāti attho. Taṃyeva avikkhepahetuttā avikkhepaṭṭhena <span class="bld">cittavisuddhi</span>. Dassanahetuttā dassanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">diṭṭhivisuddhi</span>. Sesesupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Paṭippassambhetī</span>ti nekkhammādinā kāmacchandādikaṃ yogāvacaro paṭippassambhetīti nekkhammādiko dhammo passaddhi nāmāti attho. <span class="bld">Pahīnattā</span>ti tena tena pahānena pahīnattā. <span class="bld">Ñātaṭṭhena ñāṇa</span>nti jhānapaccavekkhaṇāvasena vipassanāvasena maggapaccavekkhaṇāvasena ñātaṭṭhena nekkhammādikaṃ ñāṇaṃ nāmāti attho. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhattā dassana</span>nti etthāpi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Visujjhatī</span>ti yogī, nekkhammādikā <span class="bld">visuddhi</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nekkhammaniddese <a name="M2.0320"></a> nekkhammaṃ alobhattā kāmarāgato nissaṭanti <span class="bld">nissaraṇaṃ</span>. Tato nikkhantanti <span class="bld">nekkhammaṃ</span>. ‘‘Rūpānametaṃ nissaraṇaṃ yadidaṃ nekkhamma’’nti vuccamāne āruppavisesassa adissanato <a name="P3.0702"></a> visesassa dassanatthaṃ aññattha vuttapāṭhakkameneva <span class="bld">yadidaṃ āruppa</span>nti vuttaṃ. Tañca āruppaṃ rūpato nikkhantattā nekkhammaṃ nāmāti adhikāravaseneva vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Bhūta</span>nti uppādasamāyogadīpanaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṅkhata</span>nti paccayabalavisesadassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭiccasamuppanna</span>nti paccayasamāyogepi paccayānaṃ abyāpārabhāvadassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Nirodho tassa nekkhamma</span>nti nibbānaṃ tato saṅkhatato nikkhantattā tassa saṅkhatassa nekkhammaṃ nāma. Āruppassa ca nirodhassa ca gahaṇaṃ aññattha pāṭhe vuttakkameneva kataṃ. ‘‘Kāmacchandassa nekkhammaṃ nekkhamma’’nti vuccamāne punaruttaṃ hoti. Nekkhammavacaneneva ca tassa nekkhammasiddhīti taṃ avatvā sesanekkhammameva vuttaṃ. Taṃ ujukameva. Nissaraṇaniddesepi imināva nayena attho veditabbo. Nissaraṇīyā dhātuyo panettha ujukameva nekkhammanti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Paviveko</span>ti pavivittabhāvo nekkhammādikoyeva. <span class="bld">Vosajjatī</span>ti yogī, nekkhammādayo <span class="bld">vosaggo</span>. Nekkhammaṃ pavattento yogī nekkhammena caratīti vuccati. Taṃ pana nekkhammaṃ <span class="bld">cariyā</span>. Esa nayo sesesupi. Jhānavimokkhaniddese vattabbaṃ vimokkhakathāyaṃ vuttaṃ. Kevalaṃ tattha ‘‘jānātīti jhānavimokkho’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.217) vuttaṃ, idha pana ‘‘jānātīti, jhāyatī’’ti puggalādhiṭṭhānāva desanā katāti ayaṃ viseso.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para42"></a><span class="paranum">42</span>. Bhāvanādhiṭṭhānajīvitaniddese ca puggalādhiṭṭhānā desanā katā. Dhammato pana <span class="bld">bhāvanā</span> nāma nekkhammādayova. <span class="bld">Adhiṭṭhānaṃ</span> nāma nekkhammādivasena patiṭṭhāpitacittameva. <span class="bld">Jīvitaṃ</span> nāma nekkhammādivasena patiṭṭhāpitacittassa sammāājīvo nāma. Ko so sammāājīvo nāma<a name="V2.0297"></a>? Micchājīvā virati, dhammena samena paccayapariyesanavāyāmo ca. Tattha <span class="bld">samaṃ jīvatī</span>ti samaṃ jīvitaṃ jīvati, bhāvanapuṃsakavacanaṃ vā, samena jīvatīti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">No visama</span>nti ‘‘samaṃ jīvatī’’ti vuttasseva atthassa paṭisedhavasena avadhāraṇaṃ kataṃ. <span class="bld">Sammā jīvatī</span>ti ākāranidassanaṃ. <span class="bld">No micchā</span>ti tasseva niyamanaṃ. <span class="bld">Visuddhaṃ jīvatī</span>ti sabhāvavisuddhiyā visuddhaṃ jīvitaṃ jīvati. <span class="bld">No kiliṭṭha</span>nti tasseva niyamanaṃ. <span class="bld">Yaññadevā</span>tiādīhi yathāvuttānaṃ <a name="M2.0321"></a> tissannaṃ sampadānaṃ ānisaṃsaṃ dasseti. Tattha <span class="bld">yaññadevā</span>ti yaṃ yaṃ eva. <span class="bld">Khattiyaparisa</span>nti khattiyānaṃ sannipātaṃ. So hi samantato sīdanti ettha akatabuddhinoti parisāti vuccati. Eseva nayo itarattaye. Khattiyādīnaṃyeva āgamanasampattiyā ñāṇasampattiyā ca samannāgatattā tāsaṃyeva catassannaṃ gahaṇaṃ<a name="P3.0703"></a>, na suddaparisāya. <span class="bld">Visārado</span>ti tīhi sampadāhi sampanno vigatasārajjo, nibbhayoti attho. <span class="bld">Amaṅkubhūto</span>ti asaṅkucito na nittejabhūto. <span class="bld">Taṃ kissa hetū</span>ti taṃ visāradattaṃ kena hetunā kena kāraṇena hotīti ceti attho. Idāni <span class="bld">tathā hī</span>ti tassa kāraṇavacanaṃ. Yasmā evaṃ tisampadāsampanno, tasmā ‘‘visārado hotī’’ti visāradabhāvassa kāraṇaṃ dassetvā niṭṭhapesīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Saddhammappakāsiniyā paṭisambhidāmagga-aṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Mātikākathāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Paññāvaggavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Niṭṭhitā cūḷavaggassa apubbatthānuvaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="centered">Ettāvatā ca tivaggasaṅgahitassa</p>
<p class="bodytext">Samatiṃsakathāpaṭimaṇḍitasspaṭisambhidāmaggassa atthavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā hotīti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Nigamanakathā</p>
<p class="gatha1">Mahāvaggo <a name="V2.0298"></a><a name="M2.0322"></a> majjhimo ca, cūḷavaggo ca nāmato;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tayo vaggā idha vuttā, pamāṇapaṭipāṭiyā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Vagge vagge dasa dasa, kathā yā tā udīritā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Uddānagāthā sabbāsaṃ, imā tāsaṃ yathākkamaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Ñāṇaṃ diṭṭhi ānāpānaṃ, indriyaṃ vimokkhapañcamaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Gati kammaṃ vipallāso, maggo maṇḍoti tā dasa.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Yuganaddhasaccabojjhaṅgā, mettā virāgapañcamā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Paṭisambhidā dhammacakkaṃ, lokuttarabalasuññatā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Paññā iddhi abhisamayo, viveko cariyapañcamo;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Pāṭihīraṃ samasīsa-sati vipassanamātikā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Yo so sugatasutānaṃ, adhipatibhūtena bhūtahitaratinā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Therena thiraguṇavatā, vutto <span class="bld">paṭisambhidāmaggo</span>.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Tassa<span class="bld">tthavaṇṇanā</span> yā, pubbaṭṭhakathānayaṃ tathā yuttiṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Nissāya mayāraddhā, niṭṭhānamupāgatā esā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Yaṃ taṃ uttaramantī, mantiguṇayuto yuto ca saddhāya;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Kārayi mahāvihāre, pariveṇamanekasādhuguṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Therenettha <a name="V2.0299"></a><a name="P3.0704"></a> nivasatā, samāpitāyaṃ <span class="bld">mahābhidhānena</span>;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tatiye vasse cutito, moggallānassa bhūpatino.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Samayaṃ anulomentī, therānaṃ theravādadīpānaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Niṭṭhaṃ gatā yathāyaṃ, aṭṭhakathā lokahitajananī.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Dhammaṃ anulomentā, attahitaṃ parahitañca sādhentā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Niṭṭhaṃ gacchantu tathā, manorathā sabbasattānaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1"><span class="bld">Saddhammapakāsiniyā,</span> aṭṭhakathāyettha gaṇitakusalehi;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Gaṇitā tu bhāṇavārā, viññeyyā aṭṭhapaññāsa.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Ānuṭṭhubhena <a name="M2.0323"></a> assā, chandobandhena gaṇiyamānā tu;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Cuddasasahassasaṅkhā, gāthāyo pañca ca satāni.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Sāsanaciraṭṭhitatthaṃ, lokahitatthañca sādarena mayā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Puññaṃ imaṃ racayatā, yaṃ pattamanappakaṃ vipulaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Puññena tena loko, saddhammarasāyanaṃ dasabalassa;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Upabhuñjitvā vimalaṃ, pappotu sukhaṃ sukhenevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Saddhammappakāsinī nāma</p>
<p class="centered">Paṭisambhidāmaggappakaraṇassa aṭṭhakathā niṭṭhitā.</p>
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