iapt-platform
/
mint
-ын хуулбар https://github.com/iapt-platform/mint.git


			
				
					
						
						
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<p class="centered"> Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa</p>
<p class="nikaya">Khuddakanikāye</p>
<p class="book">Mahāniddesa-aṭṭhakathā</p>
<p class="subsubhead">Ganthārambhakathā</p>
<p class="gatha1">Avijjālaṅgiṃ <a name="V0.0001"></a><a name="P1.0001"></a><a name="M0.0001"></a> ghātento, nandirāgañca mūlato;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Bhāventaṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ, phusi yo amataṃ padaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Pāpuṇitvā jino bodhiṃ, migadāyaṃ vigāhiya;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Dhammacakkaṃ pavattetvā, theraṃ koṇḍaññamādito.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Aṭṭhārasannaṃ koṭīnaṃ, bodhesi tāpaso tahiṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Vandehaṃ sirasā tañca, sabbasattānamuttamaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Tathā <a name="V0.0002"></a> dhammuttamañceva, saṅghañcāpi anuttaraṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Saṃkhittena hi yo vuttaṃ, dhammacakkaṃ vibhāgaso.</p>
<p class="gatha1"><span class="bld">Sāriputto</span> mahāpañño, satthukappo jinatrajo;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Dhammacakkaṃ vibhājetvā, mahāniddesamabravi;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Pāṭho visiṭṭho niddeso, taṃnāmavisesito ca.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Taṃ <span class="bld">sāriputtaṃ</span> jinarājaputtaṃ, theraṃ thirānekaguṇādhivāsaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Paññāpabhāvuggatacārukittiṃ, sunīcavuttiñca atho namitvā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Khamādayādiyuttena<a name="M0.0002"></a>, yuttamuttādivādinā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Bahussutena therena, devena abhiyācito.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Mahāvihāravāsīnaṃ<a name="P1.0002"></a>, sajjhāyamhi patiṭṭhito;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Gahetabbaṃ gahetvāna, porāṇesu vinicchayaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Avokkamento samayaṃ sakañca, anāmasanto samayaṃ parañca;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Pubbopadesaṭṭhakathānayañca, yathānurūpaṃ upasaṃharanto.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Ñāṇappabhedāvahanassa tassa, yogīhi nekehi nisevitassa;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Atthaṃ apubbaṃ anuvaṇṇayanto, suttañca yuttiñca anukkamento.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Ārabhissaṃ samāsena, <span class="bld">mahāniddesavaṇṇanaṃ</span>;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Saddhammabahumānena, nāttukkaṃsanakamyatā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Vakkhāmahaṃ aṭṭhakathaṃ janassa, hitāya saddhammaciraṭṭhitatthaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sakkacca <span class="bld">saddhammapajotikaṃ</span> taṃ, suṇātha dhāretha ca sādhu santoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">‘‘pāṭho visiṭṭho niddeso, taṃnāmavisesito cā’’</span>ti vuttattā duvidho pāṭho – byañjanapāṭho, atthapāṭho ca. Tesu byañjanapāṭho akkharapadabyañjanaākāraniruttiniddesavasena <a name="V0.0003"></a> chabbidho. Atthapāṭho saṅkāsanapakāsanavivaraṇavibhajanauttānīkaraṇapaññattivasena chabbidho. Tattha tīsu dvāresu parisuddhapayogabhāvena visuddhakaruṇānaṃ cittena pavattitadesanā vācāhi akathitattā adesitattā akkharamiti saññitā, taṃ pārāyanikabrāhmaṇānaṃ manasā pucchitapañhānaṃ vasena bhagavatā ratanaghare nisīditvā sammasitapaṭṭhānamahāpakaraṇavasena ca akkharaṃ nāmāti gahetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha <a name="M0.0003"></a> vā aparipuṇṇaṃ padaṃ akkharamiti gahetabbaṃ ‘‘saṭṭhivassasahassānī’’ti <a name="P1.0003"></a> evamādīsu (pe. va. 802; jā. 1.4.54; netti. 120) viya. Ettha hi <span class="bld">sa</span>kāra <span class="bld">na</span>kāra <span class="bld">so</span>kārādīni akkharamiti, ekakkharaṃ vā padaṃ akkharamiti eke. ‘‘Yāyaṃ taṇhā ponobhavikā’’ti evamādīsu (mahāva. 14; vibha. 203; ma. ni. 3.374; paṭi. ma. 2.30) vibhatyantaṃ atthajotakaṃ akkharapiṇḍaṃ padaṃ. ‘‘Nāmañca rūpañcā’’ti evamādīsu (dha. sa. dukamātikā 109; su. ni. 878; mahāni. 107; cūḷani. ajitamāṇavapucchāniddeso 6; netti. 45) bahuakkharehi yuttaṃ padaṃ nāma. Saṃkhittena vuttaṃ padaṃ vibhāveti. Padena abhihitaṃ byañjayati byattaṃ pākaṭaṃ karotīti byañjanaṃ, vākyameva. ‘‘Cattāro iddhipādā’’ti saṅkhepena kathitamatthaṃ. ‘‘Katame cattāro? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu chandasamādhipadhānasaṅkhārasamannāgataṃ iddhipādaṃ bhāveti. Vīriyacittavīmaṃsasamādhipadhānasaṅkhārasamannāgataṃ iddhipādaṃ bhāvetī’’tiādīsu (vibha. 431; saṃ. ni. 5.813; dī. ni. 3.306; a. ni. 4.276) pākaṭakaraṇabhāvena byañjanaṃ nāma. Byañjanavibhāgapakāso ākāro. ‘‘Tattha katamo chando? Yo chando chandikatā kattukamyatā’’ti evamādīsu (vibha. 433) kathitabyañjanaṃ anekavidhena vibhāgakaraṇaṃ ākāro nāma. Ākārābhihitassa nibbacanaṃ nirutti. ‘‘Phasso, vedanā’’ti evamādīsu (dha. sa. 1) ākārena kathitaṃ ‘‘phusatīti phasso. Vediyatīti vedanā’’ti nīharitvā vacanaṃ nirutti nāma. Nibbacanavitthāro nissesato desoti niddeso, vediyatīti vedanāti nibbacanaladdhapadaṃ ‘‘sukhā dukkhā adukkhamasukhā, sukhayatīti sukhā, dukkhayatīti dukkhā, neva dukkhayati na sukhayatīti adukkhamasukhā’’ti atthavitthāro niravasesena kathitattā niddeso nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ <a name="P1.0004"></a> chabbidhāni byañjanapadāni jānitvā ca chasu atthapadesu saṅkhepato kāsanā dīpanā saṅkāsanā, ‘‘maññamāno kho, bhikkhu, bandho mārassa amaññamāno mutto pāpimato’’ti evamādīsu saṅkhepena atthadīpanā saṅkāsanā nāma. Eso pana thero ‘‘buddhena bhagavatā <a name="V0.0004"></a> evaṃ saṅkhepaṃ katvā vuttamatthaṃ ‘aññātaṃ bhagavā, aññātaṃ sugatā’’’ti kathetuṃ samattho paṭivijjhi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Upari <a name="M0.0004"></a> vattabbamatthaṃ ādito kāsanā dīpanā pakāsanā, ‘‘sabbaṃ, bhikkhave, āditta’’nti evamādīsu (mahāva. 54; saṃ. ni. 4.28) pacchā kathitabbamatthaṃ paṭhamavacanena dīpanā pakāsanā nāma. Evaṃ paṭhamaṃ dīpitaṃ atthaṃ puna pākaṭaṃ katvā dīpanena ‘‘kiñca, bhikkhave, sabbaṃ ādittaṃ? Cakkhuṃ, bhikkhave, ādittaṃ, rūpā ādittā’’ti evamādīsu (mahāva. 54; saṃ. ni. 4.28) kathitesu ‘‘tikkhindriyo saṅkhepena vuttaṃ paṭivijjhatī’’ti kathitattā dve atthapadāni tikkhindriyassa upakāravasena vuttāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Saṃkhittassa vitthārābhidhānaṃ sakiṃ vuttassa ca punapi abhidhānaṃ vivaraṇaṃ, ‘‘kusalā dhammā’’ti (dha. sa. 1) saṅkhepena nikkhittassa. ‘‘Katame dhammā kusalā? Yasmiṃ samaye kāmāvacaraṃ kusalaṃ cittaṃ uppannaṃ hotī’’ti (dha. sa. 1) niddesavasena vitthāraṇaṃ vitthāravasena puna kathanaṃ vivaraṇaṃ nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Taṃ vibhāgakaraṇaṃ vibhajanaṃ, ‘‘yasmiṃ samaye’’ti (dha. sa. 1) vivarite kusale dhamme ‘‘tasmiṃ samaye phasso hoti, vedanā hotī’’ti (dha. sa. 1) vibhāgakaraṇaṃ vibhajanaṃ nāma. Vivarassa vitthārābhidhānena vibhattassa ca upamābhidhānena <a name="P1.0005"></a> paṭipādanaṃ uttānīkaraṇaṃ, vivaraṇena vivaritatthassa ‘‘katamo tasmiṃ samaye phasso hoti? Yo tasmiṃ samaye phasso phusanā samphusanā’’ti (dha. sa. 2) ativivaritvā kathanañca vibhajanena vibhattassa ‘‘seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, gāvī niccammā, evameva khvāhaṃ, bhikkhave, phassāhāro daṭṭhabboti vadāmī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 2.63) evamādiupamākathanañca uttānīkaraṇaṃ nāma. Dhammaṃ suṇantānaṃ dhammadesanena cittassa anekavidhena somanassauppādanañca atikhiṇabuddhīnaṃ anekavidhena ñāṇassa tikhiṇabhāvakaraṇañca paññatti nāma, tesaṃ suṇantānaṃ taṃcittatosanena taṃcittanisāmanena ca paññāyatīti paññatti. Tattha bhagavā akkharehi saṅkāsayati, padehi pakāsayati, byañjanehi vivarati, ākārehi vibhajati, niruttīhi uttānīkaroti, niddesehi paññāpayatīti. Kiṃ vuttaṃ hoti? Buddhā bhagavanto ekacce veneyye ekasmiṃ desane akkharehi atthasaṅkāsanaṃ karonti…pe… niddesehi atthapaññāpanaṃ karontīti ayamettha adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha <a name="V0.0005"></a> vā akkharehi saṅkāsayitvā padehi pakāsayati, byañjanehi vivaritvā ākārehi vibhajati, niruttīhi uttānīkatvā niddesehi paññāpayati<a name="M0.0005"></a>. Kiṃ vuttaṃ hoti? Evarūpena dhammadesanena ekaccesu ṭhānesu ekaccānaṃ veneyyānaṃ vinayatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha vā akkharehi ugghāṭayitvā padehi pakāsento vinayati ugghaṭitaññuṃ, byañjanehi vivaritvā ākārehi vibhajanto vinayati vipañcitaññuṃ, niruttīhi uttānīkatvā niddesehi paññāpento vinayati neyyaṃ. Iti veneyyavasenapi yojetabbameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atthato panettha katamo byañjanapāṭho, katamo atthapāṭhoti? Buddhānaṃ bhagavantānaṃ dhammaṃ desentānaṃ yo atthāvagamako saviññattikasaddo, so byañjanapāṭho<a name="P1.0006"></a>. Yo tena abhisametabbo lakkhaṇarasādisahito dhammo, so atthapāṭhoti veditabbo. Punapi sandhāyabhāsito byañjanabhāsito sāvasesapāṭho anavasesapāṭho nīto neyyoti chabbidho pāṭho. Tattha anekatthavattā sandhāyabhāsito ‘‘mātaraṃ pitaraṃ hantvā, rājāno dve ca khattiye’’ti evamādi (dha. pa. 294). Ekatthavattā byañjanabhāsito ‘manopubbaṅgamā dhammā’’ti evamādi (dha. pa. 1.2; netti. 89, 92; peṭako. 14). Sāvaseso ‘‘sabbaṃ, bhikkhave, āditta’’nti evamādi (mahāva. 54; saṃ. ni. 4.28). Viparīto anavaseso ‘‘sabbe dhammā sabbākārena buddhassa bhagavato ñāṇamukhe āpāthaṃ āgacchantī’’ti evamādi (mahāni. 156; cūḷani. mogharājamāṇavapucchāniddeso 85; paṭi. ma. 3.5). Yathā vacanaṃ, tathā avagantabbo nīto ‘‘aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ anattā’’ti evamādi. Yuttiyā anussaritabbo neyyo ‘‘ekapuggalo bhikkhave’’ti evamādi (a. ni. 1.170).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Attho pana anekappakāro pāṭhattho sabhāvattho ñāyattho pāṭhānurūpo napāṭhānurūpo sāvasesattho niravasesattho nītattho neyyattho iccādi. Tattha yo appassatthassa ñāpanatthamuccāriyate, so pāṭhattho ‘‘sātthaṃ sabyañjana’’ntiādīsu (pārā. 1; dī. ni. 1.190) viya. Rūpārūpadhammānaṃ lakkhaṇarasādisabhāvattho ‘‘sammādiṭṭhiṃ bhāvetī’’tiādīsu (vibha. 485; saṃ. ni. 5.3) viya. Yo ñāyamāno hitāya saṃvattati, so ñātuṃ arahatīti ñāyattho – ‘‘atthavādī dhammavādī’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 1.9, 194; 3.238; ma. ni. 1.411) viya. Yathāpāṭhaṃ bhāsito pāṭhānurūpo ‘‘cakkhu<a name="M0.0006"></a>, bhikkhave, purāṇakamma’’nti (saṃ. ni. 4.146) bhagavatā vuttaṃ. Tasmā cakkhumapi kammanti. Byañjanacchāyāya atthaṃ paṭibāhayamānena vutto attho napāṭhānurūpo, so pāṭhato ananuññāto akatapaṭikkhepo <a name="V0.0006"></a> viyutto. So <a name="P1.0007"></a> ca saṅgahetabbampi asaṅgahetvā, parivajjetabbampi vā kiñci aparivajjetvā parisesaṃ katvā vutto sāvasesattho ‘‘cakkhuñca paṭicca rūpe ca uppajjati cakkhuviññāṇaṃ (saṃ. ni. 4.60; mahāni. 107). Sabbe tasanti daṇḍassa, sabbe bhāyanti maccuno’’tiādīsu (dha. pa. 129) viya. Viparīto niravasesattho ‘‘sandhāvitaṃ saṃsaritaṃ mamañceva tumhākañca (dī. ni. 2.155; mahāva. 287; netti. 114). Tatra, bhikkhave, ko mantā ko saddhātā…pe… aññatra diṭṭhapadehī’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 7.66) viya. Saddavaseneva veditabbo nītattho ‘‘rūpā saddā rasā gandhā, phoṭṭhabbā ca manoramā’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 1.151, 165; mahāva. 33) viya. Sammutivasena veditabbo neyyattho ‘‘cattārome, bhikkhave, valāhakūpamā puggalā’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 4.101-102) viya. Evamidha pāṭhañca atthañca vivaritvā ṭhito asaṃhīro bhavati paravādīhi dīgharattaṃ titthavāsena.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Iti asaṃhīrabhāvena yāva āgamādhigamasampadaṃ, tāva vattuṃ sakkoti. Saṅkhepavitthāranayena hetudāharaṇādīhi avabodhayituṃ samattho. Evaṃvidho attānañca parañca sodhetuṃ samatthabhāvena dussīlyadiṭṭhimalavirahitattā suci. Dussīlo hi attānaṃ upahanati, tena nādeyyavāco ca bhavati sabyohāramāno idha niccāturo vejjova. Duddiṭṭhi paraṃ upahanati, nāvassayo ca bhavati vāḷagahākulo iva kamalasaṇḍo. Ubhayavipanno pana sabbathāpi anupāsanīyo bhavati gūthagatamiva chavālātaṃ gūthagato viya ca kaṇhasappo. Ubhayasampanno pana sabbathāpi upāsanīyo sevitabbo ca viññūhi, nirupaddavo iva ratanākaro, evaṃ bhūto evaṃ amaccharo <a name="P1.0008"></a> ahīnācariyamuṭṭhi. Suttasuttānulomaācariyavādaattanomatisaṅkhātānañca catunnaṃ apariccāgī, tesaṃ vasena byākhyāto.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Ekaṃsavacanaṃ ekaṃ, vibhajjavacanaṃ padaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tatiyaṃ paṭipuccheyya, catutthaṃ pana ṭhāpaye’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Etesaṃ <a name="M0.0007"></a> vā apariccāgī. Tato eva sotūnaṃ hite niyuttattā nesaṃ avabodhanaṃ pati akilāsu bhavatīti. Āha cettha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Pāṭhatthavidasaṃhīro, vattā suci amaccharo;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Catunnaṃ apariccāgī, desakassa hitānvito’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha <a name="V0.0007"></a> <span class="bld">desakassā</span>ti desako assa, bhaveyyāti attho. <span class="bld">Hitānvito</span>ti hite anugato hitacitto. So eso sucittā piyo, catunnaṃ apariccāgittā garu, asaṃhīrattā bhāvanīyo, desakattā vattā, hitānvitattā vacanakkhamo, pāṭhatthavidattā gambhīrakathaṃ kattā, amaccharattā na cāṭṭhāne niyojako iti –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Piyo garu bhāvanīyo, vattā ca vacanakkhamo;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Gambhīrañca kathaṃ kattā, no cāṭṭhāne niyojako’’ti. (a. ni. 7.37; netti. 113);</p>
<p class="gathalast">‘‘Abhihito desako so, tāva dāni abhidhīyate’’.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha dhammagaruttā kathaṃ na paribhavati, ācariyagaruttā kathikaṃ na paribhavati, saddhāpaññādiguṇapaṭimaṇḍitattā attānaṃ na paribhavati, asaṭhāmāyāvittā amatābhimukhattā ca avikkhittacitto bhavati, sumedhattā yoniso manasi karotīti. Vuttañhetaṃ –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Pañcahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato suṇanto saddhammaṃ bhabbo niyāmaṃ okkamituṃ kusalesu dhammesu sammattaṃ. Katamehi pañcahi? Na kathaṃ paribhoti, na kathikaṃ paribhoti, na attānaṃ paribhoti, avikkhittacitto <a name="P1.0009"></a> dhammaṃ suṇāti ekaggacitto, yoniso manasi karotī’’ti (a. ni. 5.151).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Taṃlakkhaṇappattattā bhāvanaṃ bhajatīti. Āha cettha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Dhammācariyagaru saddhāpaññādiguṇamaṇḍito;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Asaṭhāmāyāvikassa, sumedho amatābhimukho’’. –</p>
<p class="unindented">Iti vattā ca sotā ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ <a name="M0.0008"></a> vuttappakāraṃ byañjanañca atthañca dassetvā idāni yo atiaggaṃ katvā kathitattā mahāsamuddamahāpathavī viya mahā ca so niddeso cāti mahāniddeso, taṃ <span class="bld">mahāniddesaṃ</span> vaṇṇayissāmi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tadetaṃ <a name="V0.0008"></a> mahāniddesaṃ atthasampannaṃ byañjanasampannaṃ gambhīraṃ gambhīratthaṃ lokuttarappakāsakaṃ suññatappaṭisaṃyuttaṃ paṭipattimaggaphalavisesasādhanaṃ paṭipattipaṭipakkhapaṭisedhanaṃ yogāvacarānaṃ ñāṇavararatanākarabhūtaṃ dhammakathikānaṃ dhammakathāvilāsavisesahetubhūtaṃ saṃsārabhīrukānaṃ dukkhanissaraṇatadupāyadassanena assāsajananatthaṃ tappaṭipakkhanāsanatthañca gambhīratthānañca anekesaṃ suttantapadānaṃ atthavivaraṇena sujanahadayaparitosajananatthaṃ, tathāgatena arahatā sammāsambuddhena sabbattha appaṭihatasabbaññutaññāṇamahādīpobhāsena sakalajanavitthatamahākaruṇāsinehena veneyyajanahadayagatakilesandhakāravidhamanatthaṃ samujjalitassa saddhammamahāpadīpassa tadadhippāyavikāsanasinehaparisekena pañcavassasahassamaticirasamujjalanamicchatā lokānukampakena satthukappena dhammarājassa dhammasenāpatinā āyasmatā sāriputtattherena bhāsitaṃ sutvā āyasmā ānando paṭhamamahāsaṅgītikāle yathāsutameva saṅgahaṃ āropesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">So panesa vinayapiṭakaṃ suttantapiṭakaṃ abhidhammapiṭakanti <a name="P1.0010"></a> tīsu piṭakesu suttantapiṭakapariyāpanno, dīghanikāyo majjhimanikāyo saṃyuttanikāyo aṅguttaranikāyo khuddakanikāyoti pañcasu mahānikāyesu khuddakamahānikāyapariyāpanno, suttaṃ geyyaṃ veyyākaraṇaṃ gāthā udānaṃ itivuttakaṃ jātakaṃ abbhutadhammaṃ vedallanti navasu satthusāsanaṅgesu yathāsambhavaṃ gāthaṅgaveyyākaraṇaṅgadvayasaṅgahito.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Dvāsīti buddhato gaṇhiṃ, dvesahassāni bhikkhuto;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Caturāsīti sahassāni, ye me dhammā pavattino’’ti. (theragā. 1027) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Dhammabhaṇḍāgārikattherena pañcasu ṭhānesu etadaggaṃ āropitena paṭiññātānaṃ caturāsītiyā dhammakkhandhasahassānaṃ bhikkhuto gahitesu dvīsu dhammakkhandhasahassesu anekasatadhammakkhandhasaṅgahito. Tassa dve vaggā aṭṭhakavaggo pārāyanavaggo khaggavisāṇasuttañca, ekekasmiṃ vagge soḷasa soḷasa katvā khaggavisāṇasuttañcāti tettiṃsa suttāni kāmasuttādikhaggavisāṇasuttapariyosānāni<a name="M0.0009"></a>. Evaṃ anekadhā vavatthāpitassa imassa mahāniddesassa anupubbapadatthavaṇṇanaṃ karissāmi. Ayañhi mahāniddeso pāṭhato atthato ca uddisantena niddisantena ca sakkaccaṃ uddisitabbo niddisitabbo ca, uggaṇhantenāpi sakkaccaṃ uggaṇhitabbo dhāretabbo ca. Taṃ kissa hetu? Gambhīrattā imassa mahāniddesassa lokahitāya loke ciraṭṭhitatthanti.</p>
<p class="title">1. Aṭṭhakavaggo</p>
<p class="chapter">1. Kāmasuttaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="V0.0009"></a><a name="P1.0011"></a> kāmasuttaṃ ādi. Tasmimpi ‘‘kāmaṃ kāmayamānassā’’ti gāthā ādi. Sā uddesaniddesapaṭiniddesavasena tidhā ṭhitā. ‘‘Kāmaṃ kāmayamānassā’’ti evamādi uddeso. ‘‘Kāmāti uddānato dve kāmā – vatthukāmā ca kilesakāmā cā’’ti niddeso. ‘‘Katame vatthukāmā? Manāpikā rūpā’’ti evamādi paṭiniddeso.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para1"></a><span class="paranum">1</span>. Tattha <span class="bld">kāma</span>nti manāpiyarūpāditebhūmakadhammasaṅkhātaṃ vatthukāmaṃ. <span class="bld">Kāmayamānassā</span>ti icchamānassa. <span class="bld">Tassa cetaṃ samijjhatī</span>ti tassa kāmayamānassa sattassa taṃ kāmasaṅkhātaṃ vatthu samijjhati ce, sace so taṃ labhatīti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Addhā pītimano hotī</span>ti ekaṃsaṃ tuṭṭhacitto hoti. <span class="bld">Laddhā</span>ti labhitvā. <span class="bld">Macco</span>ti satto. <span class="bld">Yadicchatī</span>ti yaṃ icchati. Idaṃ pana saṅkhepato padatthasambandhamattameva, vitthāro pana upari pāḷiyaṃ āgatanayeneva veditabbo. Yathā ca imasmiṃ, evaṃ ito paraṃ sabbesupīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāmā</span>ti uddisitabbapadaṃ. <span class="bld">Uddānato</span>ti niddisitabbapadaṃ. <span class="bld">Uddānato</span>ti vaggavasena ‘‘macchuddānaṃ kineyyā’’ti ādīsu viya. Atha vā uparūpari dānato uddānaṃ, uddhaṃ uddhaṃ sodhanato byavadānaṭṭhena vodānaṃ viya. Vitthārakaraṇabhāvena vā. Kāmā iti pāṭhasesaṃ katvā vattabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Dve</span>ti gaṇanaparicchedo<a name="M0.0010"></a>, na ekaṃ, na tayo. <span class="bld">Vatthukāmā cā</span>ti manāpiyarūpādivatthukāmā ca. Upatāpanaṭṭhena vibādhanaṭṭhena ca <span class="bld">kilesakāmā ca</span>. Tesu vatthukāmo pariññeyyo, kilesakāmo <a name="V0.0010"></a> pahātabbo. Tattha vatthukāmo <a name="P1.0012"></a> kilesakāmena patthayitabboti kāmīyatīti kāmo. Kilesakāmo vatthukāmānaṃ paccāsīsanassa kāraṇabhāvena kāmīyate anenāti kāmo. Tattha rūpādikkhandhe saṅgahito vatthukāmo, saṅkhārakkhandhe saṅgahito kilesakāmo. Chahi viññāṇehi vijānitabbo vatthukāmo, manoviññāṇena jānitabbo kilesakāmo. Kilesānaṃ patiṭṭhaṭṭhena kāraṇaṭṭhena ārammaṇaṭṭhena ca vatthukāmo.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Nete kāmā yāni citrāni loke, saṅkapparāgo purisassa kāmo;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tiṭṭhanti citrāni tatheva loke, athettha dhīrā vinayanti chanda’’nti. (a. ni. 6.63);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nandamāṇavaka- (dha. pa. aṭṭha. 1.68 uppalavaṇṇattherīvatthu) soreyyaseṭṭhiputtādīnaṃ (dha. pa. 43) vatthūni cettha nidassanaṃ. Kilesakāmo tāpanaṭṭhena bādhanaṭṭhena ca sayaṃ kāmetīti kāmo. Vuttampi cetaṃ ‘‘ratto kho, brāhmaṇa, rāgena abhibhūto pariyādinnacitto attabyābādhāyapi ceteti, parabyābādhāyapi ceteti, ubhayabyābādhāyapi cetetī’’ti ca ‘‘ratto kho, brāhmaṇa, pāṇampi hanati, adinnampi ādiyati, paradārampi gacchati, musāpi bhaṇatī’’ti (a. ni. 3.54) ca evamādi nidassanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tameva paṭiniddesavasena vitthāretvā vattukāmo – <span class="bld">‘‘katame vatthukāmā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">katame</span>ti kathetukamyatāpucchā. Pañcavidhā hi pucchā, tāsaṃ vibhāgo upari pāḷiyaṃyeva āvi bhavissati. Tāsu ayaṃ kathetukamyatāpucchā. Tattha <span class="bld">manāpikā</span>ti manaṃ appāyanti vaddhentīti manāpā, manāpā eva manāpikā. <span class="bld">Rūpā</span>ti kammacittautuāhārasamuṭṭhānavasena catusamuṭṭhānikā rūpārammaṇā. Rūpayantīti rūpā, vaṇṇavikāraṃ āpajjamānā hadayaṅgatabhāvaṃ pakāsentīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="M0.0011"></a> kenaṭṭhena rūpanti? Ruppanaṭṭhena. Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Kiñca, bhikkhave, rūpaṃ vadetha? Ruppatīti kho, bhikkhave, tasmā ‘rūpa’nti vuccati. Kena ruppati? Sītenapi ruppati, uṇhenapi ruppati, jighacchāyapi <a name="P1.0013"></a> ruppati, pipāsāyapi ruppati, ḍaṃsamakasavātātapasarīsapasamphassenapi ruppati. Ruppatīti kho, bhikkhave, tasmā ‘rūpa’nti vuccatī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 3.79).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="V0.0011"></a> <span class="bld">ruppatī</span>ti kuppati ghaṭṭīyati pīḷīyati, bhijjatīti attho. <span class="bld">Sītena</span> tāva <span class="bld">ruppanaṃ</span> lokantarikaniraye pākaṭaṃ. Mahiṃsakaraṭṭhādīsupi himapātasītalesu padesesu etaṃ pākaṭameva. Tattha hi sattā sītena bhinnachinnasarīrā jīvitakkhayampi pāpuṇanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uṇhena ruppanaṃ</span> avīcimahāniraye pākaṭaṃ. Tattha hi tattāya lohapathaviyā nipajjāpetvā pañcavidhabandhanādikaraṇakāle sattā mahādukkhaṃ anubhavanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Jighacchāya ruppanaṃ</span> pettivisaye ceva dubbhikkhakāle ca pākaṭaṃ. Pettivisayasmiñhi sattā dve tīṇi buddhantarāni kiñcideva āmisaṃ hatthena gahetvā mukhe pakkhipantā nāma na honti, antoudaraṃ ādittasusirarukkho viya hoti. Dubbhikkhe kañjikamattampi alabhitvā maraṇasattānaṃ pamāṇaṃ natthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pipāsāya ruppanaṃ</span> kālakañjikādīsu pākaṭaṃ. Tattha hi sattā dve tīṇi buddhantarāni hadayatemanamattaṃ vā jivhātemanamattaṃ vā udakabindumpi laddhuṃ na sakkonti. ‘‘Pānīyaṃ pivissāmā’’ti nadiṃ gatānaṃ jalaṃ vālukātalaṃ sampajjati. Mahāsamuddaṃ pakkhantānampi samuddo piṭṭhipāsāṇoyeva hoti. Te sussantā balavadukkhapīḷitā viravanti. <span class="bld">Ḍaṃsādīhi ruppanaṃ</span> ḍaṃsamakkhikādibahulesu padesesu pākaṭaṃ. Taṃ pana – ‘‘katamaṃ taṃ rūpaṃ sanidassanaṃ? Sappaṭigha’’nti ādinā nayena abhidhamme (dha. sa. 656, 658) vitthāritameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sappantīti <span class="bld">saddā,</span> udāharīyantīti attho. Utucittavasena dvisamuṭṭhānikā saddā. Gandhayantīti <span class="bld">gandhā,</span> attano vatthūni sūcayantīti attho. Rasanti te sattāti <span class="bld">rasā,</span> assādentīti attho. Phusīyantīti <span class="bld">phoṭṭhabbā</span><a name="M0.0012"></a>. Ete gandhādayo catusamuṭṭhānikāva<a name="P1.0014"></a>. Tesaṃ vibhāgo abhidhamme (dha. sa. 622-624) vitthāritoyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tamevatthaṃ vitthāravasena dassento <span class="bld">‘‘attharaṇā pāvuraṇā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha attharitvā nipajjiyantīti <span class="bld">attharaṇā</span>. Sarīraṃ veṭhetvā pārupīyantīti <span class="bld">pāvuraṇā</span>. Antojātādayo cattāro dāsī ca dāso ca <span class="bld">dāsidāsā. Khettaṃ</span> nāma yasmiṃ pubbaṇṇaṃ ruhati. <span class="bld">Vatthu</span> nāma yasmiṃ aparaṇṇaṃ ruhati. Yattha vā ubhayampi ruhati, taṃ khettaṃ. Tadatthāya katabhūmibhāgo vatthu. Khettavatthusīsena cettha vāpītaḷākādīnipi saṅgahitāni. <span class="bld">Hirañña</span>nti kahāpaṇo. <span class="bld">Suvaṇṇa</span>nti jātarūpaṃ. Tesaṃ gahaṇena lohamāsako jatumāsako dārumāsakoti sabbepi saṅgahaṃ gacchanti. <span class="bld">Gāmanigamarājadhāniyo</span>ti <a name="V0.0012"></a> ekakuṭikādi <span class="bld">gāmo</span>. Āpaṇayutto <span class="bld">nigamo</span>. Ekassa rañño āṇāpavattiṭṭhānaṃ <span class="bld">rājadhānī. Raṭṭha</span>nti janapadekadesaṃ. <span class="bld">Janapado</span>ti kāsikosalādijanapado. <span class="bld">Koso</span>ti catubbidho koso – hatthī asso ratho patti. <span class="bld">Koṭṭhāgāra</span>nti tividhaṃ koṭṭhāgāraṃ – dhanakoṭṭhāgāraṃ dhaññakoṭṭhāgāraṃ vatthakoṭṭhāgāraṃ. <span class="bld">Yaṃ kiñcī</span>ti anavasesapariyādānavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Rajanīya</span>nti rañjetuṃ yuttaṭṭhena.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ito paraṃ tikavasena dassetuṃ atītattikaajjhattattikahīnattikaokāsattikasaṃyogattikakāmāvacarattikavasena chattike āha. Tattha atītattike tāva attano sabhāvaṃ uppādādikkhaṇaṃ vā patvā atikkantāti <span class="bld">atītā</span>. Tadubhayampi na āgatāti <span class="bld">anāgatā</span>. Taṃ taṃ kāraṇaṃ paṭicca uppannāti <span class="bld">paccuppannā</span>. Idaṃ bhavena paricchannaṃ. Paṭisandhito hi paṭṭhāya atītabhavesu nibbattā anantarabhave vā nibbattā hontu kappakoṭisatasahassamatthake vā, sabbe atītāyeva nāma. Cutito paṭṭhāya anāgatabhavesu nibbattanakā kāmā anantarabhave vā nibbattantu kappakoṭisatasahassamatthake vā, sabbe <a name="P1.0015"></a> anāgatāyeva nāma. Cutipaṭisandhiantare pavattā kāmā paccuppannā nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ajjhattattike ‘‘evaṃ pavattamānā mayaṃ attāti gahaṇaṃ gamissāmā’’ti iminā viya adhippāyena attānaṃ adhikāraṃ katvā pavattā attano santāne <a name="M0.0013"></a> pavattā pāṭipuggalikā kāmā <span class="bld">ajjhattā kāmā</span> nāma. Tato bahibhūtā pana indriyabaddhā vā anindriyabaddhā vā <span class="bld">bahiddhā</span> nāma. Tatiyapadaṃ tadubhayavasena vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Hīnattike <span class="bld">hīnā</span>ti lāmakā. <span class="bld">Majjhimā</span>ti hīnapaṇītānaṃ majjhe bhavāti majjhimā. Avasesā uttamaṭṭhena <span class="bld">paṇītā</span>. Api ca upādāyupādāya hīnamajjhimapaṇītatā veditabbā. Nerayikānañhi kāmā koṭippattā hīnā nāma. Te upādāya tiracchānesu nāgasupaṇṇānaṃ kāmā paṇītā nāma. Sesatiracchānagatānaṃ kāmā majjhimā nāma. Tesampi kāmā hīnā. Te upādāya mahesakkhapetānaṃ kāmā paṇītā nāma. Avasesānaṃ kāmā majjhimā nāma. Tesampi hīnā. Te upādāya jānapadānaṃ kāmā paṇītā nāma. Paccantavāsīnaṃ kāmā majjhimā nāma. Tesampi hīnā. Te upādāya gāmabhojakānaṃ kāmā paṇītā nāma. Tesaṃ paricārikānaṃ kāmā majjhimā nāma. Tesampi hīnā. Te upādāya janapadasāmikānaṃ kāmā paṇītā nāma. Tesaṃ paricārikānaṃ kāmā majjhimā nāma. Tesampi hīnā. Te upādāya padesarājūnaṃ kāmā paṇītā nāma. Tesaṃ amaccānaṃ kāmā majjhimā nāma. Tesampi hīnā. Te upādāya cakkavattirañño <a name="V0.0013"></a> kāmā paṇītā nāma. Tassa amaccānaṃ kāmā majjhimā nāma. Tassapi hīnā. Te upādāya bhummadevānaṃ kāmā paṇītā nāma. Tesaṃ paricārikānaṃ devānaṃ kāmā majjhimā nāma. Tesampi hīnā. Te upādāya cātumahārājikānaṃ devānaṃ kāmā paṇītātiādinā nayena yāva akaniṭṭhadevānaṃ kāmā matthakappattā paṇītā nāma. Evaṃ upādāyupādāya hīnamajjhimapaṇītatā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Okāsattike <span class="bld">āpāyikā kāmā</span>ti avaḍḍhisaṅkhātesu apagataayesu <a name="P1.0016"></a> catūsu apāyesu nibbattakāmā <span class="bld">āpāyikā</span>. Manussesu nibbattakāmā <span class="bld">mānusikā</span>. Devesu nibbattakāmā <span class="bld">dibbā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Saṃyogattike paccupaṭṭhitānaṃ kāmānaṃ paribhuñjanato ṭhapetvā nerayike sesaapāyasattānaṃ manussānaṃ cātumahārājike deve upādāya yāva tusitakāyikānañca devānaṃ kāmā <span class="bld">paccupaṭṭhitā kāmā</span> nāma. Pakatipaṭiyattārammaṇato atirekena ramitukāmatākāle yathārucitaṃ ārammaṇaṃ nimminitvā nimminitvā ramantīti nimmānaratīnaṃ devānaṃ kāmā <span class="bld">nimmitā kāmā</span> nāma. Attano ajjhāsayaṃ ñatvā parehi nimmite ārammaṇe <a name="M0.0014"></a> sevantīti paranimmitavasavattīnaṃ kāmā <span class="bld">paranimmitā kāmā</span> nāma. <span class="bld">Pariggahitā</span>ti ‘‘mayhaṃ eta’’nti gahitā kāmā. <span class="bld">Apariggahitā</span>ti tathā apariggahitā uttarakurukānaṃ kāmā. <span class="bld">Mamāyitā</span>ti taṇhāvasena ‘‘mama eta’’nti gahitā. <span class="bld">Amamāyitā</span>ti vuttapaṭipakkhā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbepi kāmāvacarā dhammā</span>ti ‘‘heṭṭhato avīcinirayaṃ pariyantaṃ karitvā’’tiādinā (dha. sa. 1287) nayena vuttesu kāmāvacaradhammesu pariyāpannā. Tatrāyaṃ vacanattho – uddānato dve kāmā, vatthukāmo ca kilesakāmo cāti. Tattha kilesakāmo atthato chandarāgo. Vatthukāmo tebhūmakaṃ vaṭṭaṃ. Kilesakāmo cettha kāmetīti kāmo. Itaro kāmīyatīti. Yasmiṃ pana padese duvidhopeso kāmo pavattivasena avacarati, so catunnaṃ apāyānaṃ manussānaṃ channañca devalokānaṃ vasena ekādasavidho padeso kāmo ettha avacaratīti kāmāvacaro. Tattha pariyāpannadhamme sandhāya ‘‘sabbepi kāmāvacarā dhammā’’ti vuttaṃ. Attano sabhāvaṃ dhārentīti dhammā. <span class="bld">Rūpāvacarā dhammā</span>ti ‘‘heṭṭhato brahmalokaṃ pariyantaṃ karitvā uparito akaniṭṭhe deve antokaritvā’’tiādinā (dha. sa. 1289) nayena vuttānaṃ rūpāvacaradhammānaṃ vasena sabbepi dhammā rūpāvacarā. <span class="bld">Arūpāvacarā dhammā</span>ti ‘‘heṭṭhato ākāsānañcāyatanupage deve pariyantaṃ karitvā uparito nevasaññānāsaññāyatanupage deve antokaritvā’’tiādinā (dha. sa. 1291) nayena vuttā sabbepi arūpāvacarā dhammā<a name="P1.0017"></a>. Tattha rūpe avacarantīti rūpāvacarā. Arūpe <a name="V0.0014"></a> avacarantīti arūpāvacarā. <span class="bld">Taṇhāvatthukā</span>ti patiṭṭhaṭṭhena kāraṇaṭṭhena ca taṇhāya vatthubhūtā. <span class="bld">Taṇhārammaṇā</span>ti taṇhāpavattivasena taṇhāya ārammaṇabhūtā. <span class="bld">Kāmanīyaṭṭhenā</span>ti paccāsīsitabbaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Rajanīyaṭṭhenā</span>ti rañjetuṃ yuttaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Madanīyaṭṭhenā</span>ti kulamadādimadaṃ uppādanīyaṭṭhena.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha ‘‘katame vatthukāmā? Manāpikā rūpā’’tiādiṃ katvā ‘‘yaṃ kiñci rajanīyaṃ vatthū’’ti pariyosānaṃ saviññāṇakaaviññāṇakavasena vuttaṃ. Avasesaṃ ekacatukkādikachattikanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ vatthukāmaṃ dassetvā kilesakāmaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘katame kilesakāmā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">chando</span>ti dubbalarāgo. <span class="bld">Rāgo</span>ti tato balavataro<a name="M0.0015"></a>. Upari tayopi rāgā imehi balavatarā. <span class="bld">Kāmesū</span>ti pañcasu kāmaguṇesu. <span class="bld">Kāmacchando</span>ti kāmasaṅkhāto chando, na kattukamyatāchando, na dhammacchando. Kāmanavasena rajjanavasena ca kāmoyeva rāgo <span class="bld">kāmarāgo</span>. Kāmanavasena nandanavasena ca kāmoyeva nandī <span class="bld">kāmanandī</span>. Evaṃ sabbattha kāmatthaṃ viditvā taṇhāyanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">kāmataṇhā</span>. Sinehanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">kāmasneho</span>. Pariḍayhanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">kāmapariḷāho</span>. Mucchanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">kāmamucchā</span>. Gilitvā pariniṭṭhāpanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">kāmajjhosānaṃ</span>. Vaṭṭasmiṃ oghehi osīdāpetīti <span class="bld">kāmogho</span>. Vaṭṭasmiṃ yojetīti <span class="bld">kāmayogo</span>. Daḷhavasena taṇhādiṭṭhiggahaṇaṃ <span class="bld">upādānaṃ</span>. Cittaṃ nīvarati pariyonandhatīti <span class="bld">nīvaraṇaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Addasa</span>nti addakkhiṃ. <span class="bld">Kāmā</span>ti ālapanaṃ. <span class="bld">Te</span>ti tava. <span class="bld">Mūla</span>nti patiṭṭhaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṅkappā</span>ti parikappena. <span class="bld">Na taṃ saṅkappayissāmī</span>ti taṃ parikappanaṃ na karissāmi. <span class="bld">Na hohisī</span>ti na bhavissasi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Icchamānassā</span>ti paccāsīsantassa. <span class="bld">Sādiyamānassā</span>ti assādiyamānassa. <span class="bld">Patthayamānassā</span>ti patthanaṃ uppādentassa. <span class="bld">Pihayamānassā</span>ti pāpuṇituṃ icchaṃ uppādentassa. <span class="bld">Abhijappamānassā</span>ti taṇhāvasena tittiṃ uppādentassa. Atha <a name="P1.0018"></a> vā abhivadantassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Khattiyassa vā</span>tiādi catujjātivasena vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Gahaṭṭhassa vā pabbajitassa vā</span>ti liṅgavasena vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Devassa vā manussassa vā</span>ti upapattivasena vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ijjhatī</span>ti nipphajjati. <span class="bld">Samijjhatī</span>ti sammā nipphajjati. <span class="bld">Ijjhati</span> visesarūpapaṭilābhavasena. <span class="bld">Labhati</span> dassanīyarūpapaṭilābhavasena. <span class="bld">Paṭilabhati</span> <a name="V0.0015"></a> pasādanīyarūpapaṭilābhavasena. <span class="bld">Adhigacchati</span> saṇṭhānarūpapaṭilābhavasena. <span class="bld">Vindati</span> chavippasādarūpapaṭilābhavasena. Atha vā puññamahattena <span class="bld">ijjhati</span>. Jātimahattena <span class="bld">labhati</span>. Issariyamahattena <span class="bld">paṭilabhati</span>. Sukhamahattena <span class="bld">adhigacchati</span>. Sampattimahattena <span class="bld">vindatī</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekaṃsavacana</span>nti ekakoṭṭhāsavacanaṃ. ‘‘Ekaṃsaṃ cīvaraṃ katvā (pārā. 349, 367), ekaṃsabyākaraṇīyo pañho’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 3.312; a. ni. 4.42) viya anekaṃsagahaṇapaṭikkhepo. <span class="bld">Nissaṃsayavacana</span>nti saṃsayavirahitavacanaṃ, sandehapaṭikkhepavacananti attho. <span class="bld">Nikkaṅkhāvacana</span>nti ‘‘kathamidaṃ kathamida’’nti kaṅkhāpaṭikkhepavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Advejjhavacana</span>nti dvidhābhāvaṃ <a name="M0.0016"></a> dvejjhaṃ, taṃabhāvena advejjhavacanaṃ. Dvidhābhāvavirahitaṃ ‘‘advejjhavacanā buddhā’’tiādīsu viya vimatipaṭikkhepo. <span class="bld">Adveḷhakavacana</span>nti dvihadayābhāvena adveḷhakaṃ. ‘‘Itihāsa, itihāsā’’ti dveḷhakapaṭikkhepavacanaṃ.<span class="bld"> Niyogavacana</span>nti ekasmiṃ atthe dve na yujjantīti niyogavacanaṃ dvidhāpathapaṭikkhepo. Aññattha pana ‘‘niyogā anāgatārammaṇā natthī’’ti āgataṃ. <span class="bld">Apaṇṇakavacana</span>nti palāsarahitaṃ sāravacanaṃ aviraddhakāraṇaṃ ‘‘apaṇṇakaṃ ṭhānameke’’tiādīsu (jā. 1.1.1) viya, apaṇṇakamaṇi viya sappatiṭṭhavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Avatthāpanavacanameta</span>nti etaṃ vacanaṃ otaritvā patiṭṭhitaṃ santiṭṭhāpanaṃ ṭhapanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yāni <a name="P1.0019"></a> imasmiṃ mahāniddese vibhattiṃ āropitāni padāni, tāni vibhattiṃ gacchantāni tīhi kāraṇehi vibhattiṃ gacchanti, nānā hontāni catūhi kāraṇehi nānā bhavanti. Aparadīpanā panettha dve ṭhānāni gacchanti. Kathaṃ? Tāni hi byañjanavasena upasaggavasena atthavasena vāti imehi tīhi kāraṇehi vibhattiṃ gacchanti. Tattha ‘‘kodho kujjhanā kujjhitattaṃ, doso dussanā dussitatta’’nti (dha. sa. 1066) evaṃ byañjanavasena vibhattigamanaṃ veditabbaṃ. Tattha hi ekova kodho byañjanavasena evaṃ vibhattiṃ labhati. ‘‘Ijjhati samijjhati labhati paṭilabhati gacchati adhigacchatī’’ti evaṃ pana upasaggavasena vibhattigamanaṃ veditabbaṃ. ‘‘Paṇḍiccaṃ kosallaṃ nepuññaṃ vebhabyā cintā upaparikkhā’’ti (dha. sa. 16) evaṃ atthavasena vibhattigamanaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tesu pītipadaniddese tāva imā tisso vibhattiyo labbhanti. <span class="bld">Pīti pāmojja</span>nti hi byañjanavasena vibhattigamanaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Āmodanā pamodanā pahāso</span>ti upasaggavasena. <span class="bld">Vitti tuṭṭhi odagyaṃ attamanatā</span>ti atthavasena. Iminā nayena sabbapadaniddesesu vibhattigamanaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nānā <a name="V0.0016"></a> hontānipi nāmanānattena lakkhaṇanānattena kiccanānattena paṭikkhepanānattenāti imehi catūhi kāraṇehi nānā honti. Tattha ‘‘katamo tasmiṃ samaye byāpādo hoti? Yo tasmiṃ samaye doso dussanā’’ti ettha byāpādoti vā dosoti vā dvepi ete kodho eva, nāmena pana nānattaṃ gatāti evaṃ nāmanānattena nānattaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Rāsaṭṭhena <a name="M0.0017"></a> ca pañcapi khandhā ekova khandho hoti. Ettha pana rūpaṃ ruppanalakkhaṇaṃ, vedanā vedayitalakkhaṇā, saññā sañjānanalakkhaṇā, cetanā cetayitalakkhaṇā, viññāṇaṃ vijānanalakkhaṇanti iminā lakkhaṇanānattena pañcakkhandhā honti. Evaṃ lakkhaṇanānattena nānattaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Cattāro sammappadhānā – idha bhikkhu anuppannānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ anuppādāya…pe… cittaṃ paggaṇhāti <a name="P1.0020"></a> padahatī’’ti (vibha. 390; dī. ni. 2.402) ekameva vīriyaṃ kiccanānattena catūsu ṭhānesu āgataṃ. Evaṃ kiccanānattena nānattaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Cattāro asaddhammā kodhagarutā, na saddhammagarutā, makkhagarutā, na saddhammagarutā, lābhagarutā, na saddhammagarutā, sakkāragarutā, na saddhammagarutā’’ti evamādīsu (a. ni. 4.44) pana paṭikkhepanānattena nānattaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Imāni pana cattāri nānattāni na pītiyāyeva labbhanti, sabbesupi yathālābhavasena labbhanti. Pītiyā hi pītīti nāmaṃ, cittassa cittanti nāmaṃ. Pīti ca pharaṇalakkhaṇā, vedanā vedayitalakkhaṇā, saññā sañjānanalakkhaṇā, cetanā cetayitalakkhaṇā, viññāṇaṃ vijānanalakkhaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā pīti pharaṇakiccā, vedanā anubhavanakiccā, saññā sañjānanakiccā, cetanā cetayitakiccā, viññāṇaṃ vijānanakiccanti evaṃ kiccanānattena nānattaṃ veditabbaṃ. Paṭikkhepanānattaṃ pītipade natthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Alobhādiniddese pana ‘‘alobho alubbhanā alubbhitatta’’ntiādinā (dha. sa. 35) nayena <a name="V0.0017"></a> labbhatīti evaṃ paṭikkhepanānattena nānattaṃ veditabbaṃ. Evaṃ sabbapadaniddesesu labbhamānavasena catubbidhampi nānattaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparadīpanā pana padatthuti vā hoti daḷhīkammaṃ vāti evaṃ dve ṭhānāni gacchati. Yaṭṭhikoṭiyā uppīḷentena viya hi sakimeva ‘‘pītī’’ti vutte etaṃ padaṃ phullitamaṇḍitavibhūsitaṃ nāma na hoti, punappunaṃ byañjanavasena upasaggavasena atthavasena ‘‘pīti pāmojjaṃ āmodanā pamodanā hāso pahāso vittī’’ti (dha. sa. 9) vutte phullitamaṇḍitavibhūsitaṃ nāma hoti. Yathā hi daharakumāraṃ nahāpetvā manoramaṃ vatthaṃ paridahāpetvā pupphāni piḷandhāpetvā akkhīni añjetvā athassa nalāṭe ekameva <a name="M0.0018"></a> manosilābinduṃ kareyya, na tassa ettāvatā cittatilako nāma hoti, nānāvaṇṇehi pana parivāretvā bindūsu katesu cittatilako nāma hoti. Evaṃ sampadamidaṃ veditabbaṃ. Ayaṃ padatthuti nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Byañjanavasena <a name="P1.0021"></a> pana upasaggavasena atthavasena ca punappunaṃ bhaṇanameva daḷhīkammaṃ nāma. Yathā hi ‘‘āvuso’’ti vā ‘‘bhante’’ti vā ‘‘yakkho’’ti vā ‘‘sappo’’ti vā vutte daḷhīkammaṃ nāma na hoti, ‘‘āvuso āvuso, bhante bhante, yakkho yakkho, sappo sappo’’ti vutte pana daḷhīkammaṃ nāma hoti, evameva sakiṃdeva yaṭṭhikoṭiyā uppīḷentena viya ‘‘pītī’’ti vuttamatte daḷhīkammaṃ nāma na hoti, punappunaṃ byañjanavasena upasaggavasena atthavasena ‘‘pīti pāmojjaṃ āmodanā pamodanā hāso pahāso vittī’’ti vutteyeva daḷhīkammaṃ nāma hotīti evaṃ aparadīpanā dve ṭhānāni gacchati. Etissāpi vasena labbhamānakapadaniddesesu sabbattha attho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha pīnayatīti <span class="bld">pīti</span>. Sā sampiyāyanalakkhaṇā, kāyacittapīṇanarasā pharaṇarasā vā, odagyapaccupaṭṭhānā. <span class="bld">Yā pañcakāmaguṇapaṭisaññuttā</span>ti yā rūpādipañcakāmakoṭṭhāsapaṭisaṃyuttā pīti, sā pīnayatīti <span class="bld">pīti,</span> idaṃ sabhāvapadaṃ. Pamuditassa bhāvo <span class="bld">pāmojjaṃ</span>. Āmodanākāro <span class="bld">āmodanā</span>. Pamodanākāro <span class="bld">pamodanā</span>. Yathā vā bhesajjānaṃ vā telānaṃ vā uṇhodakasītodakānaṃ vā ekato karaṇaṃ ‘‘modanā’’ti vuccati, evamayampi pītidhammānaṃ ekato karaṇena modanā. Upasaggavasena pana maṇḍetvā ‘‘āmodanā pamodanā’’ti vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Hāsetīti <span class="bld">hāso</span>. Pahāsetīti <span class="bld">pahāso,</span> haṭṭhapahaṭṭhākārānametaṃ adhivacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Vittī</span>ti vittaṃ, dhanassetaṃ <a name="V0.0018"></a> nāmaṃ. Ayaṃ pana somanassapaccayattā vittisarikkhatāya vitti. Yathā hi dhanino dhanaṃ paṭicca somanassaṃ uppajjati, evaṃ pītimatopi pītiṃ paṭicca somanassaṃ uppajjati. Tasmā ‘‘vittī’’ti vuttā. <span class="bld">Tuṭṭhī</span>ti sabhāvasaṇṭhitāya pītiyā etaṃ nāmaṃ. Pītimā pana puggalo kāyacittānaṃ uggatattā abbhuggatattā ‘‘udaggo’’ti vuccati, udaggassa bhāvo <span class="bld">odagyaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Attano manatā <span class="bld">attamanatā</span>. Anabhiraddhassa hi mano dukkhapadaṭṭhānattā na attano mano nāma hoti, abhiraddhassa sukhapadaṭṭhānattā attano <a name="M0.0019"></a> mano nāma hoti, iti attano manatā <a name="P1.0022"></a> attamanatā, sakamanatā, sakamanassa bhāvoti attho. Sā pana yasmā na aññassa kassaci attano manatā, cittasseva panesā bhāvo cetasiko dhammo, tasmā ‘‘attamanatā cittassā’’ti vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Cittavicittatāya <span class="bld">cittaṃ</span>. Ārammaṇaṃ minamānaṃ jānātīti <span class="bld">mano. Mānasa</span>nti mano eva, ‘‘antalikkhacaro pāso, yvāyaṃ carati mānaso’’ti (mahāva. 33; saṃ. ni. 1.151) hi ettha pana sampayuttakadhammo ‘‘mānaso’’ti vutto.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Kathañhi bhagavā tuyhaṃ, sāvako sāsane rato;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Appattamānaso sekkho, kālaṃkayirā jane sutā’’ti. (saṃ. ni. 1.159) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Ettha arahattaṃ ‘‘mānasa’’nti vuttaṃ. Idha pana mano eva mānasaṃ, byañjanavasena hetaṃ padaṃ vaḍḍhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Hadaya</span>nti cittaṃ. ‘‘Cittaṃ vā te khipissāmi, hadayaṃ vā te phālessāmī’’ti (su. ni. āḷavakasuttaṃ; saṃ. ni. 1.237; 246) ettha uro ‘‘hadaya’’nti vuttaṃ. ‘‘Hadayā hadayaṃ maññe aññāya tacchatī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.63) ettha cittaṃ. ‘‘Vakkaṃ hadaya’’nti (khu. pā. 3.dvatiṃsākāro; dī. ni. 2.377; ma. ni. 1.110) ettha hadayavatthu. Idha pana cittameva abbhantaraṭṭhena ‘‘hadaya’’nti vuttaṃ. Tameva parisuddhaṭṭhena <span class="bld">paṇḍaraṃ,</span> bhavaṅgaṃ sandhāyetaṃ vuttaṃ. Yathāha – ‘‘pabhassaramidaṃ, bhikkhave, cittaṃ, tañca kho āgantukehi upakkilesehi upakkiliṭṭha’’nti (a. ni. 1.49). Tato nikkhantattā pana akusalampi <a name="V0.0019"></a> gaṅgāya nikkhantā nadī gaṅgā viya godhāvarito nikkhantā godhāvarī viya ca ‘‘paṇḍara’’ntveva vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mano manāyatana</span>nti idha pana manoggahaṇaṃ manasseva āyatanabhāvadīpanatthaṃ. Tenetaṃ dīpeti ‘‘nayidaṃ devāyatanaṃ viya manassa āyatanattā manāyatanaṃ, atha kho mano eva āyatanaṃ manāyatana’’nti. Tattha <a name="P1.0023"></a> nivāsaṭṭhānaṭṭhena ākaraṭṭhena samosaraṇaṭṭhānaṭṭhena sañjātidesaṭṭhena kāraṇaṭṭhena ca <span class="bld">āyatanaṃ</span> veditabbaṃ. Tathā hi loke ‘‘issarāyatanaṃ, vāsudevāyatana’’ntiādīsu nivāsaṭṭhānaṃ ‘‘āyatana’’nti vuccati. ‘‘Suvaṇṇāyatanaṃ, rajatāyatana’’ntiādīsu ākaro. Sāsane pana ‘‘manorame āyatane, sevanti naṃ vibhaṅgamā’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 5.38) samosaraṇaṭṭhānaṃ. ‘‘Dakkhiṇāpatho <a name="M0.0020"></a> gunnaṃ āyatana’’ntiādīsu sañjātideso. ‘‘Tatra tatreva sakkhibhabbataṃ pāpuṇāti sati satiāyatane’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 3.102; 5.23; ma. ni. 3.158) kāraṇaṃ. Idha pana sañjātidesaṭṭhena samosaraṇaṭhānaṭṭhena kāraṇaṭṭhenāti tidhāpi vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Phassādayo hi dhammā ettha sañjāyantīti sañjātidesaṭṭhenapi etaṃ āyatanaṃ. Bahiddhā rūpasaddagandharasaphoṭṭhabbā ārammaṇabhāvenettha osarantīti samosaraṇaṭhānaṭṭhenapi āyatanaṃ. Phassādīnaṃ pana sahajātādipaccayaṭṭhena kāraṇattā kāraṇaṭṭhenapi āyatananti veditabbaṃ. Tadeva mananalakkhaṇe indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti indriyaṃ, mano eva indriyaṃ <span class="bld">manindriyaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vijānātīti <span class="bld">viññāṇaṃ</span>. Viññāṇameva khandho <span class="bld">viññāṇakkhandho</span>. Tassa rāsiādivasena attho veditabbo. ‘‘Mahāudakakkhandhotveva saṅkhaṃ gacchatī’’ti (a. ni. 4.51) ettha hi rāsaṭṭhena khandho vutto. ‘‘Sīlakkhandho samādhikkhandho’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 3.555) guṇaṭṭhena. ‘‘Addasā kho bhagavā mahantaṃ dārukkhandha’’nti (saṃ. ni. 4.241-242) ettha paṇṇattimattaṭṭhena. Idha pana ruḷhito khandho vutto. Rāsaṭṭhena hi viññāṇakkhandhassa ekadeso ekaṃ viññāṇaṃ. Tasmā yathā rukkhassa ekadesaṃ chindanto ‘‘rukkhaṃ chindatī’’ti vuccati, evameva viññāṇakkhandhassa ekadesabhūtaṃ ekampi viññāṇaṃ rūḷhito ‘‘viññāṇakkhandho’’ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tajjā manoviññāṇadhātū</span>ti tesaṃ phassādīnaṃ dhammānaṃ anucchavikā <a name="P1.0024"></a> manoviññāṇadhātu. Imasmiñhi pade ekameva cittaṃ minanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">mano,</span> vijānanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">viññāṇaṃ,</span> sabhāvaṭṭhena nissattaṭṭhena <a name="V0.0020"></a> vā <span class="bld">dhātū</span>ti tīhi nāmehi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sahagato</span>ti avijahito. <span class="bld">Sahajāto</span>ti saddhiṃ niggato. <span class="bld">Saṃsaṭṭho</span>ti saṃsaggo hutvā ṭhito. <span class="bld">Sampayutto</span>ti samaṃ pakārehi yutto. Katamehi pakārehīti? Ekuppādādīhi. Natthi keci dhammā kehici dhammehi sampayuttāti? Āmantā. Iti hi imassa pañhassa paṭikkhepe ‘‘nanu atthi keci dhammā kehici dhammehi sahagatā sahajātā saṃsaṭṭhā ekuppādā ekanirodhā ekavatthukā ekārammaṇā’’ti (kathā. 473) evaṃ ekuppādatādīnaṃ vasena sampayogattho vutto. Iti imehi ekuppādatādīhi <a name="M0.0021"></a> samaṃ pakārehi yutto sampayutto. <span class="bld">Ekuppādo</span>ti ekato uppanno, na vināti attho. <span class="bld">Ekanirodho</span>ti ekato nirodho. <span class="bld">Ekavatthuko</span>ti hadayavatthuvasena ekavatthuko. <span class="bld">Ekārammaṇo</span>ti rūpādivasena ekārammaṇo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha sahagatasaddo tabbhāve, vokiṇṇe, ārammaṇe, nissaye, saṃsaṭṭheti pañcasu atthesu dissati jinavacane. ‘‘Yāyaṃ taṇhā ponobhavikā nandirāgasahagatā’’ti (mahāva. 14; vibha. 203; ma. ni. 3.374; saṃ. ni. 5.1081; paṭi. ma. 2.30) ettha tabbhāve veditabbo, nandirāgabhūtāti attho. ‘‘Yā, bhikkhave, vīmaṃsā kosajjasahagatā kosajjasampayuttā’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.832) ettha vokiṇṇe, antarantarā uppajjamānena kosajjena vokiṇṇāti ayamettha attho. ‘‘Lābhī hoti rūpasahagatānaṃ vā samāpattīnaṃ arūpasahagatānaṃ vā samāpattīna’’nti (pu. pa. 3-6) ettha ārammaṇe, rūpārammaṇānaṃ arūpārammaṇānanti attho. ‘‘Aṭṭhikasaññāsahagataṃ satisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāvetī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.238) ettha nissaye, aṭṭhikasaññaṃ nissāya aṭṭhikasaññaṃ bhāvetvā paṭiladdhanti attho. ‘‘Idaṃ sukhaṃ imāya pītiyā sahagataṃ hoti sahajātaṃ sampayutta’’nti (vibha. 578) ettha saṃsaṭṭhe, saṃmissanti attho. Imasmimpi ṭhāne saṃsaṭṭhe āgato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sahajātasaddo <a name="P1.0025"></a> ‘‘sahajātaṃ purejātaṃ pacchājāta’’nti (paṭṭha. 1.1.435) ettha viya sahajāte. Saṃsaṭṭhasaddo ‘‘gihīhi saṃsaṭṭho’’ti ca, ‘‘evaṃ saṃsaṭṭho, bhante’’ti (saṃ. ni. 3.3) cāti evamādīsu saṃsagge. ‘‘Kise thūle vivajjetvā saṃsaṭṭhā yojitā hayā’’ti (jā. 2.22.70) ettha sadise.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Pucimandaparivāro, ambo te dadhivāhana;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Mūlaṃ mūlena saṃsaṭṭhaṃ, sākhā sākhā nisevare’’ti. (jā. 1.2.72) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Ettha upacite. ‘‘Cittasaṃsaṭṭhā dhammā’’ti (dha. sa. dukamātikā 59) ettha cittasampayuttadhamme<a name="V0.0021"></a>. Idha pana yo phalappadāne aviyogadhammo vinibbhogaṃ akatvā ekuppādādidhammo hutvā ‘‘sampayutto’’ti vuccati. Taṃvisayo. Atha vā ‘‘sahagato’’ti vatvā pacchato pacchato āgatasuttena viya so na hotīti dassetuṃ <a name="M0.0022"></a> <span class="bld">‘‘sahajāto’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Ekato uppannarūpārūpaṃ viya sopi na hotīti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘saṃsaṭṭho’’</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Khīrodakaṃ viya ca sopi na hotīti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sampayutto’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Vinibbhogaṃ kātuṃ asakkuṇeyyaṭṭhena hi sahuppannā dhammā sampayuttāpi atthi khīratelaṃ viya. Tathā vippayuttāpi khīrato apanītaṃ navanītaṃ viya. Evaṃ lakkhaṇasampayutto ekuppādādilakkhaṇoyeva hotīti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ekuppādo’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Ettha ekuppādasahajātānaṃ kiṃ nānattaṃ? Uppāde antaravirahito <span class="bld">ekuppādo</span>. Khīrakālamuttassāpi dadhino mathane mathane pākaṭaṃ navanītaṃ viya purebhattapacchābhattavasena ekadivasameva jāto viya so na hotīti dassetuṃ ekakkhaṇe nibbattoti <span class="bld">sahajāto. Ekavatthuko</span>ti patiṭṭhaṭṭhena ekaparicchedena ekavatthuko, dvinnaṃ <a name="P1.0026"></a> bhikkhūnaṃ ekavatthukatā viya ṭhānantaravirahito. <span class="bld">Ekārammaṇo</span>ti aniyatekārammaṇo na cakkhuviññāṇaṃ viyāti evameke vaṇṇayanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Macco</span>ti mūlapadaṃ. Rūpādīsu satto laggo laggitoti <span class="bld">satto</span>. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘satto sattoti, bhante, vuccati, kittāvatā nu kho, bhante, ‘satto’ti vuccatīti? Rūpe kho, rādha, yo chando yo rāgo yā nandī yā taṇhā, tatra satto tatra visatto, tasmā ‘satto’ti vuccatī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 3.161; mahāni. 7). Sattayogena vā satto. Sugatiduggatiṃ naratīti <span class="bld">naro</span>. Manuno puttoti <span class="bld">mānavo</span>. Upakaraṇena sayaṃ posayatīti <span class="bld">poso</span>. Puṃ vuccati nirayo, taṃ galatīti <span class="bld">puggalo</span>. Jīvitindriyaṃ dhāretīti <span class="bld">jīvo</span>. Cutito jātiṃ gacchatīti <span class="bld">jāgu</span>. Jiyatīti <span class="bld">jantu</span>. Indriyena gacchatīti <span class="bld">indagu</span>. Atha vā indabhūtena kammunā gacchatīti <span class="bld">indagu</span>. ‘‘Hindagū’’tipi pāḷi. Hindanti maraṇaṃ, taṃ gacchatīti hindagu. Manuto jātoti <span class="bld">manujo</span>. <span class="bld">Yaṃ sādiyatī</span>ti yaṃ rūpādiṃ assādiyati. Sesaṃ vuttanayameva. Ito paraṃ vuttamatthaṃ nigamento tenāha bhagavā –</p>
<p class="gathalast"><span class="bld">‘‘Kāmaṃ kāmayamānassa…pe… laddhā macco yadicchatī’’</span>ti;</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ito paraṃ ettakampi avatvā visesamattameva vakkhāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para2"></a><span class="paranum">2</span>. <span class="bld">Tassa</span> <a name="V0.0022"></a><a name="M0.0023"></a> <span class="bld">ce kāmayānassā</span>ti tassa puggalassa kāme icchamānassa, kāmena vā yāyamānassa. <span class="bld">Chandajātassā</span>ti jātataṇhassa. <span class="bld">Jantuno</span>ti sattassa. <span class="bld">Te kāmā parihāyantī</span>ti te kāmā parihāyanti ce. <span class="bld">Sallaviddhova ruppatī</span>ti atha so ayomayādinā sallena viddho viya pīḷīyati. Ito paraṃ vuttaṃ vajjetvā avuttesu yaṃ yaṃ anuttānaṃ, taṃ tadeva kathayissāmi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Cakkhupīṇanaṃ ārammaṇaṃ pāpuṇanavasena <span class="bld">yāyati</span> gacchati<a name="P1.0027"></a>. Dassanīyavasena piyattaṃ ārammaṇavasena appāpetīti <span class="bld">niyyati</span>. Savanīyaṃ hutvā kaṇṇasotapīṇanaṃ ārammaṇavasena parikaḍḍhatīti <span class="bld">vuyhati</span>. Saritabbaṃ hutvā cittapīṇanaṃ ārammaṇavasena gahetvā upasaṃharīyatīti <span class="bld">saṃharīyati. Yathā</span>ti opammatthe nipāto. Hatthinā yāyati gacchatīti <span class="bld">hatthiyānena vā, vā</span>iti vikappatthe. Assena yāyati gacchatīti <span class="bld">assayānena vā</span>. Goyuttaṃ vayhādiyānaṃ goyānaṃ, tena <span class="bld">goyānena</span>. Ajayānādīsupi eseva nayo. Iṭṭhavasena jāto <span class="bld">sañjāto</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ārammaṇapiyattavasena nibbatto <span class="bld">abhinibbatto</span>. Ārammaṇamanāpabhāvena <span class="bld">pātubhūto</span>. Atha vā kāmarāgavasena jāto <span class="bld">sañjāto</span>. Kāmanandivasena nibbatto <span class="bld">abhinibbatto</span>. Kāmataṇhāvasena kāmasinehavasena kāmacchandavasena kāmapariḷāhavasena ca <span class="bld">pātubhūto</span>ti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Te vā kāmā parihāyantī</span>ti te vatthukāmādayo parihāyanti vigacchanti. <span class="bld">So vā kāmehi parihāyatī</span>ti eso khattiyādipuggalo vatthukāmādikāmehi parihāyati vigacchati ‘‘pubbeva maccaṃ vijahanti bhogā, macco dhane pubbataraṃ jahātī’’ti (jā. 1.5.2) evamādīsu viya. <span class="bld">Katha</span>nti kena pakārena. <span class="bld">Tiṭṭhantassevā</span>ti dharantasseva. <span class="bld">Te bhoge</span>ti te vatthukāmādayo bhoge. <span class="bld">Rājāno vā</span>ti pathabyādirājāno. <span class="bld">Harantī</span>ti gahetvā gacchanti, apaharanti vā. <span class="bld">Corā vā</span>ti sandhicchedādikā. <span class="bld">Aggi vā</span>ti dāvaggiādi. <span class="bld">Dahatī</span>ti jhāpeti bhasmaṃ karoti. <span class="bld">Udakaṃ vā</span>ti oghādiudakaṃ<a name="P1.0028"></a>. <span class="bld">Vahatī</span>ti gahetvā mahāsamuddaṃ pāpeti. <span class="bld">Appiyā vā</span>ti akantā amanāpā. <span class="bld">Dāyādā harantī</span>ti dāyajjavirahitā assāmikā haranti. <span class="bld">Nihitaṃ</span> <a name="M0.0024"></a> <span class="bld">vā</span>ti nidhānaṃ katvā ṭhapitaṃ. <span class="bld">Nādhigacchatī</span>ti na vindati na paṭilabhati, na passatīti attho. <span class="bld">Duppayuttā</span>ti visamapayogena yojitā kasivāṇijjādikammantā. <span class="bld">Bhijjantī</span>ti bhedaṃ pāpuṇanti, na pavattantīti attho. ‘‘Bhañjanti rathaṃ ayānakā’’tiādīsu (jā. 2.21.296) sambhavo veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kule vā kulaṅgāro uppajjatī</span>ti khattiyādikule kulajhāpako kule antimapuriso nibbattati<a name="V0.0023"></a>. ‘‘Kulaṅkaro’’tipi pāḷi. <span class="bld">Yo te bhoge vikiratī</span>ti yo eso kule pacchimako te hiraññādike bhoge khepeti. <span class="bld">Vidhamatī</span>ti viyogaṃ karoti, dūre khipati. <span class="bld">Viddhaṃsetī</span>ti nāseti adassanaṃ gameti. Atha vā itthidhutto hutvā <span class="bld">vikirati</span>. Surādhutto hutvā <span class="bld">vidhamati</span>. Akkhadhutto hutvā <span class="bld">viddhaṃseti</span>. Vikirati vā uppannaṃ āyaṃ ajānanena. Vidhamati vissajjanamukhaṃ ajānanena. Viddhaṃseti ṭhapitaṭṭhāne ārakkhaṃ asaṃvidhānenāti evamādinā yojetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aniccatāyeva aṭṭhamī</span>ti vināsabhāvo eva aṭṭhamo. <span class="bld">Hāyantī</span>ti adassanaṃ yanti. <span class="bld">Parihāyantī</span>ti na puna paññāyanti. <span class="bld">Paridhaṃsentī</span>ti ṭhānato apagacchanti. <span class="bld">Paripatantī</span>ti paggharanti. <span class="bld">Antaradhāyantī</span>ti antaradhānaṃ adassanaṃ gacchanti. <span class="bld">Vippalujjantī</span>ti cuṇṇavicuṇṇā hutvā apagacchanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tiṭṭhanteva</span> <a name="P1.0029"></a> <span class="bld">te bhoge</span>ti tesaṃ dhanānaṃ ṭhitakāle ‘‘tiṭṭhante nibbute cāpī’’ti evamādīsu (vi. va. 806) viya. <span class="bld">So</span>ti so bhogasāmiko puggalo. <span class="bld">Cavati</span> devalokato. <span class="bld">Marati</span> manussalokato. <span class="bld">Vippalujjati</span> nāgasupaṇṇādilokato. Atha vā <span class="bld">hāyati</span> dhaññakoṭṭhāgāravasena. <span class="bld">Parihāyati</span> dhanakoṭṭhāgāravasena. <span class="bld">Paridhaṃsati</span> balibaddahatthiassādivasena. <span class="bld">Paripatati</span> dāsidāsavasena. <span class="bld">Antaradhāyati</span> dārābharaṇavasena. <span class="bld">Nassati</span> udakādivasenāti eke vaṇṇayanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ayomayenā</span>ti kāḷalohādinibbattena. <span class="bld">Sallenā</span>ti kaṇḍena. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhimayenā</span>ti manussaṭṭhiṃ ṭhapetvā avasesena. <span class="bld">Dantamayenā</span>ti hatthidantādinā. <span class="bld">Visāṇamayenā</span>ti govisāṇādinā. <span class="bld">Kaṭṭhamayenā</span>ti veḷukaṭṭhādinā. <span class="bld">Viddho</span>ti vuttappakārasallānaṃ aññataraññatarena pahaṭo. <span class="bld">Ruppatī</span>ti vikirati, vikāraṃ āpajjati. <span class="bld">Kuppatī</span>ti calati, kopaṃ uppādeti. <span class="bld">Ghaṭṭīyatī</span>ti <a name="M0.0025"></a> ghaṭṭito hoti. <span class="bld">Pīḷīyatī</span>ti pīḷito hoti, laddhappahāro <span class="bld">kuppati</span>. ‘‘Tatiyadivase salākaṃ pavesetvā dhovanakāle <span class="bld">ghaṭṭīyati</span>. Khārappadāne <span class="bld">pīḷīyati</span>. Pahāradhovane vā <span class="bld">ruppati</span>. Tasmiṃ dukkhuppādane <span class="bld">kuppati</span>. Salākapavesane <span class="bld">pīḷīyati</span>. Khārappadāne <span class="bld">ghaṭṭīyatī’’</span>ti evameke vaṇṇayanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Byādhito</span>ti laddhappahāro hutvā pīḷito. <span class="bld">Domanassito</span>ti domanassappatto. <span class="bld">Vipariṇāmaññathābhāvā</span>ti pakatibhāvaṃ jahitvā aññathābhāvaṃ upanītena, antososādi <span class="bld">soko</span> ca vācāvippalāpo <span class="bld">paridevo</span> ca kāyapīḷanādi <span class="bld">dukkhañca</span> cittapīḷanādi <span class="bld">domanassañca</span> bhuso āyāso <span class="bld">upāyāso</span> ca. Ete vuttappakārā sokādayo uppajjanti samudācāraṃ gacchanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para3"></a><span class="paranum">3</span>. Tatiyagāthāyaṃ <a name="V0.0024"></a> saṅkhepattho – yo pana ime kāme tattha chandarāgavikkhambhanena vā samucchedena vā attano pādena sappassa siraṃ viya parivajjeti, so bhikkhu sabbalokaṃ vipphāretvā <a name="P1.0030"></a> ṭhitattā loke visattikāsaṅkhātaṃ taṇhaṃ sato hutvā samativattatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yo</span>ti vibhajitabbaṃ padaṃ. <span class="bld">Yo yādiso</span>tiādīni tassa vibhajanapadāni. Ettha ca yasmā <span class="bld">yo</span>ti atthapadaṃ. tañca aniyamena puggalaṃ dīpeti. Tasmā tassa atthaṃ dassento aniyamena puggaladīpakaṃ yo-saddameva āha. Tasmā ettha evamattho veditabbo – <span class="bld">yo</span>ti yo kocīti. Yasmā yo yo koci nāma, so avassaṃ yathāliṅgayathāyuttayathāvihitayathāppakārayaṃṭhānapattayaṃdhammasamannāgatavasena ekenākārena paññāyati, tasmā taṃ tattha ñāpetuṃ taṃ bhedaṃ pakāsento <span class="bld">‘‘yādiso’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">yādiso</span>ti liṅgavasena yādiso vā tādiso vā hotu, dīgho vā rasso vā kāḷo vā odāto vā maṅguracchavi vā kiso vā thūlo vāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yathāyutto</span>ti yogavasena yena vā tena vā yutto hotu, navakammayutto vā uddesayutto vā vāsadhurayutto vāti attho. <span class="bld">Yathāvihito</span>ti yathāṭhapito navakammādhiṭṭhāyikādivasena. <span class="bld">Yathāpakāro</span>ti yathāpakārena patiṭṭhito padīpanāyakādivasena. <span class="bld">Yaṃṭhānappatto</span>ti <a name="M0.0026"></a> yaṃ ṭhānantaraṃ patto senāpatiseṭṭhiṭṭhānādivasena. <span class="bld">Yaṃdhammasamannāgato</span>ti yena dhammena upāgato dhutaṅgādivasena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vikkhambhanato vā</span>ti upacārappanāsamādhīti kilesānaṃ dūrīkaraṇato vā ghaṭappahārena sevālānaṃ viya. <span class="bld">Samucchedato vā</span>ti puna appavattiṃ katvā accantato maggena kilesānaṃ ucchinnamūlato pahānavasena samucchedato vā. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhikaṅkalūpamā kāmā</span>tiādīni ekādasa padāni vipassanāvasena vuttāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Buddhānussatiṃ bhāventopī</span>tiādīni cha padāni <span class="bld">maraṇassatiṃ bhāventopi, upasamānussatiṃ bhāventopī</span>ti <a name="P1.0031"></a> imāni ca upacārajjhānavasena vuttāni. <span class="bld">Ānāpānassatiṃ bhāventopi, kāyagatāsatiṃ bhāventopi, paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ bhāventopī</span>tiādīni <span class="bld">nevasaññānāsaññāyatanasamāpattiṃ bhāventopī</span>ti pariyosānāni appanājjhānavasena vuttāni. Tattha <span class="bld">aṭṭhikaṅkalūpamā kāmā</span>ti sunikkantaṃ nikkantaṃ nimmaṃsaṃ lohitamakkhitaṃ aṭṭhikaṅkalaṃ upamā etesaṃ kāmānanti aṭṭhikaṅkalūpamā kāmā. <span class="bld">Appassādaṭṭhenā</span>ti ‘‘appaṃ parittaṃ sukhassādaṃ ādīnavo ettha bhiyyo’’ti dassanaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Passanto</span>ti ‘‘yāvadeva pana so kukkuro kilamathassa vighātassa bhāgī assā’’ti ñāṇacakkhunā passanto. <span class="bld">Parivajjetī</span>ti dūraṅgameti. Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Seyyathāpi<a name="V0.0025"></a>, gahapati, kukkuro jighacchādubbalyapareto goghātakasūnaṃ paccupaṭṭhito assa, tamenaṃ dakkho goghātako vā goghātakantevāsī vā aṭṭhikaṅkalaṃ sunikkantaṃ nikkantaṃ nimmaṃsaṃ lohitamakkhitaṃ upasumbheyya. Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, gahapati, api nu kho so kukkuro amhaṃ aṭṭhikaṅkalaṃ sunikkantaṃ nikkantaṃ nimmaṃsaṃ lohitamakkhitaṃ palehanto jighacchādubbalyaṃ paṭivineyyā’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Taṃ kissa hetu’’? ‘‘Aduñhi, bhante, aṭṭhikaṅkalaṃ sunikkantaṃ nikkantaṃ nimmaṃsaṃ lohitamakkhitaṃ, yāvadeva pana so kukkuro kilamathassa vighātassa bhāgī assā’’ti. ‘‘Evameva kho, gahapati, ariyasāvako iti paṭisañcikkhati ‘aṭṭhikaṅkalūpamā kāmā vuttā bhagavatā bahudukkhā bahupāyāsā, ādīnavo ettha bhiyyo’ti. Evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya disvā yāyaṃ upekkhā nānattā nānattasitā<a name="M0.0027"></a>, taṃ abhinivajjetvā yāyaṃ upekkhā ekattā ekattasitā, yattha sabbaso lokāmisupādānā aparisesā nirujjhanti, tamevūpekkhaṃ bhāvetī’’ti (ma. ni. 2.42).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Gijjhādīhi sādhāraṇā maṃsapesi upamā etesanti <span class="bld">maṃsapesūpamā</span>. Bahūnaṃ sādhāraṇaṭṭhena <span class="bld">bahusādhāraṇā</span>. Ādittaṃ tiṇukkaṃ upamā etesanti <span class="bld">tiṇukkūpamā. Anudahanaṭṭhenā</span>ti hatthādijhāpanaṭṭhena. Sādhikaporisappamāṇā <a name="P1.0032"></a> vītaccikānaṃ vītadhūmānaṃ aṅgārānaṃ pūrā aṅgārakāsu upamā etesanti <span class="bld">aṅgārakāsūpamā. Mahāpariḷāhaṭṭhenā</span>ti mahantaparitāpanaṭṭhena. Ārāmarāmaṇeyyādikaṃ supinaṃ upamā etesanti <span class="bld">supinakūpamā. Ittarapaccupaṭṭhānaṭṭhenā</span>ti appatvā, na upagantvā tiṭṭhanaṭṭhena. Yācitena laddhaṃ yānādibhaṇḍaṃ upamā etesanti <span class="bld">yācitakūpamā. Tāvakālikaṭṭhenā</span>ti anibandhanaṭṭhena. Sampannaphalarukkho upamā etesanti <span class="bld">rukkhaphalūpamā. Sambhañjanaparibhañjanaṭṭhenā</span>ti sākhābhañjanaṭṭhena ceva samantato bhañjitvā rukkhapātanaṭṭhena ca. Asi ca sūnā ca upamā etesanti <span class="bld">asisūnūpamā. Adhikuṭṭanaṭṭhenā</span>ti chindanaṭṭhena. Sattisūlaṃ upamā etesanti <span class="bld">sattisūlūpamā. Vinivijjhanaṭṭhenā</span>ti nipatetvā gamanaṭṭhena. Bhayajananaṭṭhena sappasiraṃ upamā etesanti <span class="bld">sappasirūpamā. Sappaṭibhayaṭṭhenā</span>ti saha abhimukhe bhayaṭṭhena. Dukkhajananaṃ aggikkhandhaṃ upamā etesanti <span class="bld">aggikkhandhūpamā. Mahābhitāpanaṭṭhenā</span>ti mahantaabhitāpakāyapīḷāuppādanaṭṭhenāti kāmaṃ parivajjetīti. Vuttañhetaṃ –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Seyyathāpi, gahapati, gijjho vā kaṅko vā kulalo vā maṃsapesiṃ ādāya uḍḍīyeyya, tamenaṃ gijjhāpi kaṅkāpi kulalāpi anupatitvā anupatitvā vitaccheyyuṃ vissajjeyyuṃ. Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, gahapati, sace so gijjho vā kaṅko vā kulalo vā taṃ maṃsapesiṃ na khippameva paṭinissajjeyya, so tatonidānaṃ maraṇaṃ vā nigaccheyya<a name="V0.0026"></a>, maraṇamattaṃ vā dukkha’’nti ‘‘evaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Evameva kho, gahapati, ariyasāvako <a name="P1.0033"></a> iti paṭisañcikkhati ‘maṃsapesūpamā kāmā vuttā bhagavatā…pe… tamevūpekkhaṃ bhāveti. Seyyathāpi, gahapati, puriso ādittaṃ tiṇukkaṃ ādāya paṭivātaṃ gaccheyya. Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, gahapati, sace <a name="M0.0028"></a> so puriso taṃ ādittaṃ tiṇukkaṃ na khippameva paṭinissajjeyya, tassa sā ādittā tiṇukkā hatthaṃ vā daheyya, bāhuṃ vā daheyya, aññataraṃ vā aññataraṃ vā aṅgapaccaṅgaṃ daheyya, so tatonidānaṃ maraṇaṃ vā nigaccheyya, maraṇamattaṃ vā dukkha’’nti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Evameva kho, gahapati, ariyasāvako iti paṭisañcikkhati ‘tiṇukkūpamā kāmā vuttā bhagavatā bahudukkhā bahupāyāsā…pe… tamevūpekkhaṃ bhāveti. Seyyathāpi, gahapati, aṅgārakāsu sādhikaporisā pūrā aṅgārānaṃ vītaccikānaṃ vītadhūmānaṃ. Atha puriso āgaccheyya jīvitukāmo amaritukāmo sukhakāmo dukkhappaṭikkūlo, tamenaṃ dve balavanto purisā nānābāhāsu gahetvā aṅgārakāsuṃ upakaḍḍheyyuṃ. Taṃ kiṃ maññasi gahapati, api nu so puriso iti citi ceva kāyaṃ sannāmeyyā’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Taṃ kissahetu’’? ‘‘Viditañhi, bhante, tassa purisassa ‘imañca ahaṃ aṅgārakāsuṃ papatissāmi, tatonidānaṃ maraṇaṃ vā nigacchissāmi maraṇamattaṃ vā dukkha’’’nti. ‘‘Evameva kho gahapati ariyasāvako iti paṭisañcikkhati ‘aṅgārakāsūpamā kāmā vuttā bhagavatā…pe… tamevūpekkhaṃ bhāveti. Seyyathāpi, gahapati, puriso supinakaṃ passeyya ārāmarāmaṇeyyakaṃ vanarāmaṇeyyakaṃ bhūmirāmaṇeyyakaṃ pokkharaṇirāmaṇeyyakaṃ, so paṭibuddho na kiñci paṭipasseyya. Evameva kho, gahapati, ariyasāvako iti paṭisañcikkhati ‘supinakūpamā kāmā vuttā bhagavatā…pe… tamevūpekkhaṃ bhāveti. Seyyathāpi, gahapati, puriso yācitakaṃ bhogaṃ yācitvā yānaṃ vā poriseyyaṃ pavaramaṇikuṇḍalaṃ. So tehi yācitakehi bhogehi purakkhato <a name="P1.0034"></a> parivuto antarāpaṇaṃ paṭipajjeyya. Tamenaṃ jano disvā evaṃ vadeyya ‘bhogī vata bho puriso, evaṃ kira bho bhogino bhogāni bhuñjantī’ti. Tamenaṃ sāmikā yattha yattheva tāni passeyyuṃ, tattha tattheva tāni hareyyuṃ. Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, gahapati, alaṃ nu kho tassa purisassa aññathattāyā’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Taṃ kissahetu’’? ‘‘Sāmino hi, bhante, tāni harantī’’ti. ‘‘Evameva kho, gahapati, ariyasāvako iti paṭisañcikkhati ‘yācitakūpamā <a name="M0.0029"></a> kāmā vuttā bhagavatā…pe… tamevūpekkhaṃ bhāveti. Seyyathāpi, gahapati, gāmassa vā nigamassa vā avidūre tibbo vanasaṇḍo, tatrassa rukkho sampannaphalo ca upapannaphalo ca. Na cassu kānici phalāni bhūmiyaṃ patitāni. Atha puriso <a name="V0.0027"></a> āgaccheyya phalatthiko phalagavesī phalapariyesanaṃ caramāno. So taṃ vanasaṇḍaṃ ajjhogāhetvā taṃ rukkhaṃ passeyya sampannaphalañca upapannaphalañca. Tassa evamassa ‘ayaṃ kho rukkho sampannaphalo ca upapannaphalo ca, natthi ca kānici phalāni bhūmiyaṃ patitāni, jānāmi kho panāhaṃ rukkhaṃ āropituṃ. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ imaṃ rukkhaṃ ārohitvā yāvadatthañca khādeyyaṃ, ucchaṅgañca pūreyya’nti? So taṃ rukkhaṃ ārohitvā yāvadatthañca khādeyya, ucchaṅgañca pūreyya. Atha dutiyo puriso āgaccheyya phalatthiko phalagavesī phalapariyesanaṃ caramāno tiṇhaṃ kuṭhāriṃ ādāya. So taṃ vanasaṇḍaṃ ajjhogāhetvā taṃ rukkhaṃ passeyya sampannaphalañca upapannaphalañca. Tassa evamassa ‘ayaṃ kho rukkho sampannaphalo ca upapannaphalo ca, natthi ca kānici phalāni bhūmiyaṃ patitāni, na kho panāhaṃ jānāmi rukkhaṃ ārohituṃ. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ imaṃ rukkhaṃ mūlato chetvā yāvadatthañca khādeyyaṃ, ucchaṅgañca pūreyya’nti. So taṃ rukkhaṃ mūlatova chindeyya. Taṃ kiṃ maññasi<a name="P1.0035"></a>, gahapati, amuko so puriso paṭhamaṃ rukkhaṃ ārūḷho, sace so na khippameva oroheyya, tassa so rukkho papatanto hatthaṃ vā bhañjeyya pādaṃ vā bhañjeyya aññataraṃ vā aññataraṃ vā aṅgapaccaṅgaṃ bhañjeyya, so tatonidānaṃ maraṇaṃ vā nigaccheyya, maraṇamattaṃ vā dukkha’’nti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Evameva kho, gahapati, ariyasāvako iti paṭisañcikkhati ‘rukkhaphalūpamā kāmā vuttā bhagavatā bahudukkhā bahupāyāsā, ādīnavo ettha bhiyyo’ti. Evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya disvā yāyaṃ upekkhā nānattā nānattasitā, taṃ abhinivajjetvā yāyaṃ upekkhā ekattā ekattasitā. Yattha sabbaso lokāmisūpādānā aparisesā nirujjhanti. Tamevūpekkhaṃ bhāvetī’’ti (ma. ni. 2.43-48).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ <a name="M0.0030"></a> aṭṭhikaṅkalādikaaggikkhandhūpamapariyosānato vipassanaṃ dassetvā idāni upacārasamādhiṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘buddhānussatiṃ bhāvento’’</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha punappunaṃ uppajjanato sati eva anussati. Pavattitabbaṭṭhānamhiyeva ca pavattattā saddhāpabbajitassa kulaputtassa anurūpā satītipi anussati. Buddhaṃ ārabbha uppannā anussati buddhānussati. Arahatādibuddhaguṇārammaṇāya satiyā etaṃ adhivacanaṃ, taṃ <span class="bld">buddhānussatiṃ. Bhāvento</span>ti vaḍḍhento byūhento. Dhammaṃ ārabbha uppannā anussati <span class="bld">dhammānussati,</span> svākkhātatādidhammaguṇārammaṇāya satiyā etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Saṅghaṃ ārabbha uppannā anussati <span class="bld">saṅghānussati,</span> suppaṭipannatādisaṅghaguṇārammaṇāya satiyā etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Sīlaṃ ārabbha uppannā anussati <a name="V0.0028"></a> <span class="bld">sīlānussati,</span> attano akhaṇḍatādisīlaguṇārammaṇāya satiyā etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Cāgaṃ ārabbha uppannā anussati <span class="bld">cāgānussati,</span> attano muttacāgatādicāgaguṇārammaṇāya satiyā etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Devatā ārabbha uppannā anussati <span class="bld">devatānussati,</span> devatā sakkhiṭṭhāne <a name="P1.0036"></a> ṭhapetvā attano saddhādiguṇārammaṇāya satiyā etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Ānāpāne ārabbha uppannā sati <span class="bld">ānāpānassati,</span> ānāpānanimittārammaṇāya satiyā etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Maraṇaṃ ārabbha uppannā sati <span class="bld">maraṇassati,</span> ekabhavapariyāpannajīvitindriyupacchedasaṅkhātamaraṇārammaṇāya satiyā etaṃ adhivacanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kucchitānaṃ kesādīnaṃ paṭikkūlānaṃ āyattā ākarattā kāyoti saṅkhaṃ gate sarīre gatā pavattā sati <span class="bld">kāyagatāsati,</span> tādisaṃ vā kāyaṃ gatā sati ‘‘kāyagatasatī’’ti vattabbe rassaṃ akatvā ‘‘kāyagatāsatī’’ti vuttaṃ. Kesādikesu kāyakoṭṭhāsesu paṭikkūlanimittārammaṇāya satiyā etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Upasamaṃ ārabbha uppannā anussati. <span class="bld">Upasamānussati,</span> sabbadukkhūpasamārammaṇāya satiyā etaṃ adhivacanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vitakkavicārapītisukhacittekaggatāsampayuttaṃ paṭhamajjhānaṃ bhāvento. Pītisukhacittekaggatāsampayuttaṃ dutiyajjhānaṃ bhāvento. Sukhacittekaggatāsampayuttaṃ tatiyajjhānaṃ bhāvento. Upekkhācittekaggatāsampayuttaṃ catutthajjhānaṃ bhāvento…pe… nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ bhāventopi kāme parivajjetīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vikkhambhanappahānaṃ <a name="M0.0031"></a> dassetvā idāni samucchedena kāmānaṃ pahānaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sotāpattimaggaṃ bhāventopī’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha maggasotassa āpajjanaṃ sotāpatti, sotāpattiyā maggo sotāpattimaggo. <span class="bld">Apāyagamanīye kāme</span>ti yehi apāyaṃ gacchanti, te apāyagamanīye kāme samucchedato sotāpattimaggaṃ bhāvento parivajjeti. Paṭisandhivasena sakiṃyeva imaṃ lokaṃ āgacchatīti sakadāgāmī, tassa maggo sakadāgāmimaggo. Taṃ maggaṃ bhāvento. <span class="bld">Oḷārike</span>ti pariḷāhappatte. Paṭisandhivaseneva kāmabhavaṃ nāgacchatīti anāgāmī, tassa maggo anāgāmimaggo. Taṃ maggaṃ bhāvento. <span class="bld">Anusahagate</span>ti sukhumabhāvappatte. Kilesehi ārakattā, kilesārīnaṃ hatattā, saṃsāracakkassa arānaṃ hatattā, pāpakaraṇe rahābhāvā, paccayādīnaṃ arahattā <a name="P1.0037"></a> ca arahaṃ, arahato bhāvo arahattaṃ. Kiṃ taṃ? Arahattaphalaṃ. Arahattassa maggo arahattamaggo. Taṃ arahattamaggaṃ bhāvento. <span class="bld">Sabbena sabba</span>nti sabbenākārena sabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbathā sabba</span>nti sabbappakārena sabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Asesaṃ nissesa</span>nti niravasesaṃ gandhamattampi aṭṭhapetvā. Atha vā <span class="bld">sabbena</span> <a name="V0.0029"></a> <span class="bld">sabbaṃ</span> mūlavasena. <span class="bld">Sabbathā sabbaṃ</span> ākāranippadesavasena. <span class="bld">Asesaṃ nissesaṃ</span> bhāvanānippadesavasena. Tathā purimena duccaritābhāvena. Dutiyena pariyuṭṭhānābhāvena. Tatiyena anusayābhāvena evameke vaṇṇayanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sappo vuccati ahī</span>ti yo koci saranto gacchati. <span class="bld">Kenaṭṭhenā</span>ti kena atthena. <span class="bld">Saṃsappanto gacchatī</span>ti yasmā sammā saṃsaranto gacchatīti <span class="bld">sappo. Bhujanto</span>ti vaṅkavaṅko hutvā. <span class="bld">Pannasiro</span>ti nipannasīso hutvā. <span class="bld">Sirena supatī</span>ti sīsaṃ bhogantare katvā supanabhāvena sirasā supatīti <span class="bld">sarīsapo</span>. Bile sayatīti <span class="bld">bilāsayo</span>. ‘‘Bilasayo’’tipi pāḷi, taṃ sundaraṃ. Guhāyaṃ setīti <span class="bld">guhāsayo. Dāṭhā tassa āvudho</span>ti tassa sappassa duve dāṭhā paharaṇasatthasaṅkhāto āvudho. <span class="bld">Visaṃ tassa ghora</span>nti tassa sappassa byāpakasaṅkhātaṃ visaṃ dāruṇaṃ kakkhaḷaṃ. <span class="bld">Jivhā tassa duvidhā</span>ti tassa sappassa dvedhā jivhā. <span class="bld">Dvīhi jivhāhi rasaṃ sāyatī</span>ti duvidhāhi jivhāhi rasaṃ jānāti assādaṃ vindati sādiyatīti. Jīvituṃ kāmayatīti <span class="bld">jīvitukāmo</span>. Amarituṃ kāmayatīti <span class="bld">amaritukāmo</span>. Sukhaṃ kāmayatīti <span class="bld">sukhakāmo. Dukkhappaṭikkūlo</span>ti dukkhaṃ <a name="M0.0032"></a> anicchamāno. <span class="bld">Pādenā</span>ti attano pādena. <span class="bld">Sappasira</span>nti sappassa sīsaṃ. <span class="bld">Vajjeyyā</span>ti dūrato vajjeyya. <span class="bld">Vivajjeyyā</span>ti tassa pamāṇena. <span class="bld">Parivajjeyyā</span>ti samantato. <span class="bld">Abhinivajjeyyā</span>ti catutthappamāṇena. Atha vā purimena sīsato. Dutiyatatiyena dvīhi passehi. Catutthena pacchato. ‘‘Kāme pana appattassa pariyesanamūladukkhavatthubhāvena <span class="bld">vajjeyya</span>. Pattassa ārakkhamūladukkhavatthubhāvena <a name="P1.0038"></a> <span class="bld">vivajjeyya</span>. Aññāṇapariḷāhadukkhavatthubhāvena <span class="bld">parivajjeyya</span>. Vināsamukhe piyavippayogadukkhavatthubhāvena <span class="bld">abhinivajjeyyā’’</span>ti evameke vaṇṇayanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Rañjanavasena <span class="bld">rāgo</span>. Balavarañjanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">sārāgo</span>. Visaye sattānaṃ anu anu nayanato <span class="bld">anunayo</span>. Anurujjhatīti <span class="bld">anurodho,</span> kāmetīti attho. Yattha katthaci bhave sattā etāya nandantīti <span class="bld">nandī,</span> sayaṃ vā nandatīti <span class="bld">nandī</span>. Nandī ca sā rañjanaṭṭhena rāgo cāti <span class="bld">nandirāgo</span>. Tattha ekasmiṃ ārammaṇe sakiṃ uppannā taṇhā nandī, punappunaṃ uppajjamānā nandirāgoti vuccati. <span class="bld">Cittassa sārāgo</span>ti yo heṭṭhā ‘‘balavarañjanaṭṭhena sārāgo’’ti vutto, so na sattassa, cittasseva sārāgoti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Icchanti etāya ārammaṇānīti <span class="bld">icchā</span>. Bahalakilesabhāvena mucchanti etāya pāṇinoti <span class="bld">mucchā</span>. Gilitvā pariniṭṭhapetvā gahaṇavasena <span class="bld">ajjhosānaṃ</span>. Iminā sattā gijjhanti gedhaṃ āpajjantīti <span class="bld">gedho</span>. Bahalaṭṭhena vā <span class="bld">gedho</span>. ‘‘Gedhaṃ vā pana pavanasaṇḍa’’nti hi bahalaṭṭheneva vuttaṃ<a name="V0.0030"></a>. Anantarapadaṃ upasaggavasena vaḍḍhitaṃ, sabbatobhāgena vā gedhoti <span class="bld">paligedho</span>. Sajjanti etenāti <span class="bld">saṅgo</span>. Lagganaṭṭhena vā <span class="bld">saṅgo</span>. Osīdanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">paṅko</span>. Ākaḍḍhanavasena <span class="bld">ejā</span>. ‘‘Ejā imaṃ purisaṃ parikaḍḍhati tassa tasseva bhavassa abhinibbattiyā’’ti hi vuttaṃ. Vañcanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">māyā</span>. Vaṭṭasmiṃ sattānaṃ jananaṭṭhena <span class="bld">janikā</span>. ‘‘Taṇhā janeti purisaṃ, cittamassa vidhāvatī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 1.55) hi vuttaṃ. Vaṭṭasmiṃ satte dukkhena saṃyojayamānā janetīti <span class="bld">sañjananī</span>. Ghaṭanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">sibbinī</span>. Ayañhi vaṭṭasmiṃ satte cutipaṭisandhivasena sibbati ghaṭeti tunnakāro viya pilotikāya pilotikaṃ, tasmā ‘‘ghaṭanaṭṭhena sibbinī’’ti vuttā. Anekappakāraṃ <a name="P1.0039"></a> visayajālaṃ taṇhāvipphanditanivesasaṅkhātaṃ vā jālamassā atthīti <span class="bld">jālinī</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ākaḍḍhanaṭṭhena <a name="M0.0033"></a> sīghasotā saritā viyāti <span class="bld">saritā</span>. Allaṭṭhena vā <span class="bld">saritā</span>. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘saritāni sinehitāni ca somanassāni bhavanti jantuno’’ti (dha. pa. 341). Allāni ceva siniddhāni cāti ayañhettha attho. Anayabyasanāpādanaṭṭhena kummānubandhasuttakaṃ viyāti <span class="bld">suttaṃ</span>. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘suttanti kho, bhikkhave, nandirāgassetaṃ adhivacana’’nti (saṃ. ni. 2.159). Rūpādīsu vitthataṭṭhena <span class="bld">visatā</span>. Tassa tassa paṭilābhatthāya satte āyūhāpetīti <span class="bld">āyūhinī</span>. Ukkaṇṭhituṃ apadānato sahāyaṭṭhena <span class="bld">dutiyā</span>. Ayañhi sattānaṃ vaṭṭasmiṃ ukkaṇṭhituṃ na deti, gatagataṭṭhāne piyasahāyo viya abhiramāpeti. Teneva vuttaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Taṇhādutiyo puriso, dīghamaddhānasaṃsaraṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Itthabhāvaññathābhāvaṃ, saṃsāraṃ nātivattatī’’ti. (itivu. 15; a. ni. 4.9; mahāni. 191; cūḷani. pāyāyanānugītigāthāniddesa 107);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paṇidhānakavasena <span class="bld">paṇidhi. Bhavanettī</span>ti bhavarajju. Etāya hi sattā rajjuyā gīvāyaṃ baddhā goṇā viya icchiticchitaṭṭhānaṃ niyyanti. Taṃ taṃ ārammaṇaṃ vanati bhajati allīyatīti <span class="bld">vanaṃ,</span> vanati yācatīti vā <span class="bld">vanaṃ. Vanatho</span>ti byañjanena padaṃ vaḍḍhitaṃ. Anatthadukkhānaṃ vā samuṭṭhāpanaṭṭhena gahanaṭṭhena ca vanaṃ viyāti <span class="bld">vanaṃ</span>. Balavataṇhāyetaṃ nāmaṃ. Gahanataraṭṭhena pana tato balavatarā <span class="bld">vanatho</span> nāma. Tena vuttaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Vanaṃ chindatha mā rukkhaṃ, vanato jāyate bhayaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Chetvā vanañca vanathañca, nibbanā hotha bhikkhavo’’ti. (dha. pa. 283);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Santhavanavasena <a name="V0.0031"></a><a name="P1.0040"></a> <span class="bld">santhavo,</span> saṃsaggoti attho. So duvidho – taṇhāsanthavo mittasanthavo ca. Tesu idha taṇhāsanthavo adhippeto. Sinehavasena <span class="bld">sneho</span>. Ālayakaraṇavasena kampamānā apekkhatīti <span class="bld">apekkhā</span>. Vuttampi cetaṃ ‘‘imāni te deva caturāsīti nagarasahassāni kusāvatīrājadhānippamukhāni, ettha deva chandaṃ janehi jīvite apekkhaṃ karohī’’ti (dī. ni. 2.266). Ālayaṃ karohīti ayañhettha attho. Pāṭiyekke pāṭiyekke ārammaṇe bandhatīti <span class="bld">paṭibandhu,</span> ñātakaṭṭhena vā pāṭiyekko bandhūtipi <span class="bld">paṭibandhu</span>. Niccasannissitaṭṭhenapi sattānaṃ taṇhāsamo bandhu nāma natthi. Ārammaṇānaṃ <a name="M0.0034"></a> asanato <span class="bld">āsā</span>. Ajjhottharaṇato ceva tittiṃ anugantvāva paribhuñjanato cāti attho. Āsīsanavasena <span class="bld">āsīsanā</span>. Āsīsitassa bhāvo <span class="bld">āsīsitattaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni tassā pavattiṭṭhānaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘rūpāsā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha āsīsanavasena āsāti āsāya atthaṃ gahetvā rūpe āsā <span class="bld">rūpāsā</span>. Evaṃ navapi padāni veditabbāni. Ettha ca purimāni pañca pañcakāmaguṇavasena vuttāni, parikkhāralobhavasena chaṭṭhaṃ. Taṃ visesato pabbajitānaṃ, tato parāni tīṇi atittiyavatthuvasena gahaṭṭhānaṃ. Na hi tesaṃ dhanaputtajīvitehi aññaṃ piyataraṃ atthi. ‘‘Idaṃ mayhaṃ, idaṃ mayha’’nti vā ‘‘asukena me idaṃ dinnaṃ, idaṃ dinna’’nti vā evaṃ satte jappāpetīti <span class="bld">jappā</span>. Parato dve padāni upasaggena vaḍḍhitāni, tato paraṃ aññenākārena vibhajituṃ āraddhattā puna ‘‘jappā’’ti vuttaṃ. Jappanākāro <span class="bld">jappanā</span>. Jappitassa bhāvo <span class="bld">jappitattaṃ</span>. Punappunaṃ visaye lumpati ākaḍḍhatīti lolupo, lolupassa bhāvo <span class="bld">loluppaṃ</span>. Loluppanākāro <span class="bld">loluppāyanā</span>. Loluppasamaṅgino bhāvo <span class="bld">loluppāyitattaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pucchañjikatā</span>ti <a name="P1.0041"></a> yāya taṇhāya lābhaṭṭhānesu pucchaṃ cālayamānā sunakhā viya kampamānā vicaranti, taṃ tassā kampanataṇhāya nāmaṃ. Sādhu manāpamanāpe visaye kāmetīti sādhukāmo, tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">sādhukamyatā</span>. Mātāmātucchātiādike ayuttaṭṭhāne rāgoti <span class="bld">adhammarāgo</span>. Yuttaṭṭhānepi balavā hutvā uppanno lobho <span class="bld">visamalobho</span>. ‘‘Rāgo visama’’ntiādivacanato (vibha. 924) vā yuttaṭṭhāne vā ayuttaṭṭhāne vā uppanno chandarāgo adhammaṭṭhena adhammarāgo. Visamaṭṭhena visamalobhoti veditabbo. Ārammaṇānaṃ nikāmanavasena <span class="bld">nikanti</span>. Nikāmanākāro <span class="bld">nikāmanā</span>. Patthayanavasena <span class="bld">patthanā</span>. Pihāyanavasena <span class="bld">pihanā</span>. Suṭṭhu patthanā <span class="bld">sampatthanā</span>. Pañcasu kāmaguṇesu taṇhā <span class="bld">kāmataṇhā</span>. Rūpārūpabhavesu taṇhā <span class="bld">bhavataṇhā</span>. Ucchedasaṅkhāte vibhave taṇhā <span class="bld">vibhavataṇhā</span>. Suddhe rūpabhavasmiṃyeva taṇhā <span class="bld">rūpataṇhā</span>. Arūpabhave taṇhā <span class="bld">arūpataṇhā</span>. Ucchedadiṭṭhisahagato <a name="V0.0032"></a> rāgo, nirodhe taṇhā <span class="bld">nirodhataṇhā</span>. Rūpe taṇhā <span class="bld">rūpataṇhā</span>. Sadde taṇhā <span class="bld">saddataṇhā. Gandhataṇhā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Oghā</span>dayo vuttatthāva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kusaladhamme <a name="M0.0035"></a> āvaratīti <span class="bld">āvaraṇaṃ</span>. Chādanavasena <span class="bld">chadanaṃ</span>. Satte vaṭṭasmiṃ bandhatīti <span class="bld">bandhanaṃ</span>. Cittaṃ upahantvā kilissati saṃkiliṭṭhaṃ karotīti <span class="bld">upakkileso</span>. Thāmagataṭṭhena anu anu setīti <span class="bld">anusayo</span>. Uppajjamānaṃ cittaṃ pariyuṭṭhātīti <span class="bld">pariyuṭṭhānaṃ,</span> uppajjituṃ apadānena kusalavāraṃ gaṇhātīti attho. ‘‘Corā magge pariyuṭṭhiṃsu, dhuttā magge pariyuṭṭhiṃsū’’tiādīsu (cūḷava. 430) hi maggaṃ gaṇhiṃsūti attho. Evamidhāpi gahaṇaṭṭhena pariyuṭṭhānaṃ veditabbaṃ. Paliveṭhanaṭṭhena <a name="P1.0042"></a> latā viyāti <span class="bld">latā</span>. ‘‘Latā uppajja tiṭṭhatī’’ti (dha. pa. 340) āgataṭṭhānepi ayaṃ taṇhā latāti vuttā. Vividhāni vatthūni icchatīti <span class="bld">vevicchaṃ</span>. Vaṭṭadukkhassa mūlanti <span class="bld">dukkhamūlaṃ</span>. Tasseva dukkhassa nidānanti <span class="bld">dukkhanidānaṃ</span>. Taṃ dukkhaṃ ito pabhavatīti <span class="bld">dukkhappabhavo</span>. Bandhanaṭṭhena pāso viyāti pāso, mārassa pāso <span class="bld">mārapāso</span>. Duruggilanaṭṭhena baḷisaṃ viyāti baḷisaṃ, mārassa baḷisaṃ <span class="bld">mārabaḷisaṃ</span>. Taṇhābhibhūtā mārassa visayaṃ nātikkamanti, tesaṃ upari māro vasaṃ vattetīti iminā pariyāyena mārassa visayoti <span class="bld">māravisayo</span>. Sandanaṭṭhena taṇhāva nadī <span class="bld">taṇhānadī</span>. Ajjhottharaṇaṭṭhena taṇhāva jālaṃ <span class="bld">taṇhājālaṃ</span>. Yathā sunakhā gaddūlabaddhā yadicchakaṃ niyyanti, evaṃ taṇhābaddhā sattāti daḷhabandhanaṭṭhena gaddūlaṃ viyāti gaddūlaṃ, taṇhāva gaddūlaṃ <span class="bld">taṇhāgaddūlaṃ</span>. Duppūraṇaṭṭhena taṇhāva samuddo <span class="bld">taṇhāsamuddo</span>. Abhijjhāyanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">abhijjhā</span>. Lubbhanti etena, sayaṃ vā lubbhati, lubbhanamattameva vā tanti <span class="bld">lobho</span>. Sampayuttakānaṃ <span class="bld">akusalānaṃ</span> patiṭṭhaṭṭhena <span class="bld">mūlaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Visattikātī</span>ti visattikā iti. <span class="bld">Kenaṭṭhenā</span>ti kena sabhāvena. <span class="bld">Visatā</span>ti vitthaṭā rūpādīsu. <span class="bld">Visālā</span>ti vipulā. <span class="bld">Visaṭā</span>ti tebhūmakabyāpakavasena visaṭā. Purimavacanameva takārassa ṭakāraṃ katvā byañjanavibhāgaṃ katvā vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Visakkatī</span>ti parisappati sahati vā. Ratto hi rāgavatthunā pādena tāḷiyamānopi sahati. Osakkanaṃ vipphandanaṃ vā ‘‘visakkana’’ntipi vadanti. ‘‘Kusalākusalānaṃ patī’’ti keci vaṇṇayanti. <span class="bld">Visaṃharatī</span>ti tathā tathā kāmesu ānisaṃsaṃ passantī vividhehi ākārehi nekkhammābhimukhappavattito cittaṃ <a name="P1.0043"></a> saṃharati saṅkhipati, visaṃ vā dukkhaṃ, taṃ harati, vahatīti attho. <span class="bld">Visaṃvādikā</span>ti aniccādiṃ niccādito gaṇhantī visaṃvādikā hoti. Dukkhanibbattakassa kammassa hetubhāvato <span class="bld">visamūlā</span><a name="M0.0036"></a>, visaṃ vā dukkhadukkhādibhūtā vedanā mūlaṃ etissāti <span class="bld">visamūlā</span>. Dukkhasamudayattā visaṃ phalaṃ etissāti <a name="V0.0033"></a> <span class="bld">visaphalā</span>. Yāya taṇhāya rūpādikassa dukkhasseva paribhogo hoti, na amatassāti sā ‘‘visaparibhogā’’ti vuttā. Sabbattha niruttivasena padasiddhi veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tassā visayaṃ dassetukāmo <span class="bld">‘‘visālā vā pana sā taṇhā rūpe’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">visālā vā panā</span>ti mahantī eva taṇhāyanaṭṭhena taṇhā, rūpādayo pañca pañcakāmaguṇikarāgavasena vuttā. <span class="bld">Kule gaṇe</span>tiādīni ekādasa padāni loluppādavasena vuttāni. Kāmadhātuttiko kammavaṭṭavasena vibhatto, kāmabhavattiko vipākavaṭṭavasena vibhatto, saññābhavattiko saññāvasena vibhatto, ekavokārabhavattiko khandhavasena vibhatto. Atītattiko kālavasena, diṭṭhacatukko ārammaṇavasena, apāyattiko okāsavasena, khandhattiko nissattanijjīvavasena vibhattoti ñātabbaṃ. Tatrāyaṃ saṅkhepena atthadīpanā vibhāvanā ca –</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Tattha katamā kāmadhātu? Heṭṭhato avīcinirayaṃ pariyantaṃ karitvā uparito paranimmitavasavattideve antokaritvā yaṃ etasmiṃ antare etthāvacarā ettha pariyāpannā khandhadhātuāyatanā rūpaṃ vedanā saññā saṅkhārā viññāṇaṃ, ayaṃ vuccati kāmadhātu’’ (dha. sa. 1287).</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Tattha katamā rūpadhātu? Heṭṭhato brahmalokaṃ pariyantaṃ karitvā uparito akaniṭṭhe deve antokaritvā yaṃ etasmiṃ antare <a name="P1.0044"></a> etthāvacarā ettha pariyāpannā samāpannassa vā upapannassa vā diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārissa vā cittacetasikā dhammā, ayaṃ vuccati rūpadhātu’’ (dha. sa. 1289).</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Tattha katamā arūpadhātu? Heṭṭhato ākāsānañcāyatanupage deve pariyantaṃ karitvā uparito nevasaññānāsaññāyatanupage deve antokaritvā yaṃ etasmiṃ antare etthāvacarā ettha pariyāpannā samāpannassa vā upapannassa vā diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārissa vā cittacetasikā dhammā, ayaṃ vuccati arūpadhātū’’ti (dha. sa. 1291). Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ pana <span class="bld">‘‘kāmadhātū</span>ti kāmabhavo, pañcakkhandhā labbhanti. <span class="bld">Rūpadhātū</span>ti rūpabhavo, pañcakkhandhā labbhanti. <span class="bld">Arūpadhātū</span>ti arūpabhavo, cattāro khandhā labbhantī’’ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha <a name="M0.0037"></a> vā kāmarāgasaṅkhātena kāmena yuttā dhātu <span class="bld">kāmadhātu,</span> kāmasaṅkhātā vā dhātu <span class="bld">kāmadhātu</span>. Kāmaṃ pahāya rūpena yuttā dhātu <span class="bld">rūpadhātu,</span> rūpasaṅkhātā vā dhātu <span class="bld">rūpadhātu</span>. Kāmañca rūpañca <a name="V0.0034"></a> pahāya arūpena yuttā dhātu <span class="bld">arūpadhātu,</span> arūpasaṅkhātā vā dhātu <span class="bld">arūpadhātu</span>. Tā eva dhātuyo puna bhavapariyāyena vuttā. Bhavantīti hi bhavāti vuccanti. Saññāya yutto bhavo, saññāvataṃ vā bhavo, saññā vā ettha bhave atthīti <span class="bld">saññābhavo</span>. So kāmabhavo ca asaññābhavamutto rūpabhavo ca nevasaññānāsaññābhavamutto arūpabhavo ca hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Na saññābhavo <span class="bld">asaññābhavo,</span> so rūpabhavekadeso. Oḷārikattābhāvato nevasaññā, sukhumattena sabbhāvato nāsaññāti nevasaññānāsaññā, tāya yutto bhavo <span class="bld">nevasaññānāsaññābhavo</span>. Atha vā oḷārikāya saññāya abhāvā sukhumāya ca bhāvā nevasaññānāsaññā asmiṃ bhaveti <span class="bld">nevasaññānāsaññābhavo,</span> so arūpabhavekadeso. Ekena rūpakkhandhena vokiṇṇo bhavo, eko vā vokāro, assa bhavassāti <span class="bld">ekavokārabhavo,</span> so asaññābhavova. Catūhi arūpakkhandhehi <a name="P1.0045"></a> vokiṇṇo bhavo, cattāro vā vokārā assa bhavassāti <span class="bld">catuvokārabhavo,</span> so arūpabhavo eva. Pañcahi khandhehi vokiṇṇo bhavo, pañca vā vokārā assa bhavassāti <span class="bld">pañcavokārabhavo,</span> so kāmabhavo ca rūpabhavekadeso ca hoti. Atītattiko heṭṭhā vuttanayova. <span class="bld">Diṭṭha</span>nti catusamuṭṭhānikaṃ rūpārammaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Suta</span>nti dvisamuṭṭhānikaṃ saddārammaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Muta</span>nti phusitvā gahetabbāni catusamuṭṭhānikāni gandharasaphoṭṭhabbārammaṇāni. <span class="bld">Viññātabbaṃ</span> nāma manasā jānitabbaṃ dhammārammaṇaṃ. Tesu diṭṭhasutamutaviññātabbesu dhammesu. <span class="bld">Visaṭā vitthatā</span>ti mahantā patthaṭā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Apāyaloke</span>ti vaḍḍhisaṅkhātassa ayassa abhāvena apāyo, tasmiṃ apāyaloke. <span class="bld">Khandhaloke</span>ti rāsaṭṭhena rūpādayo pañcakkhandhā eva loko. <span class="bld">Dhātuloke</span>ti suññataṭṭhena cakkhudhātuādayo aṭṭhārasa dhātuyo eva loko. <span class="bld">Āyatanaloke</span>ti āyatanādīhi kāraṇehi dvādasāyatanāni eva loko. Sabbepi lujjanapalujjanaṭṭhena loko, vuttappakāre loke visaṭā vitthaṭāti visattikā. <span class="bld">Sato</span>ti saratīti sato, puggalena sati vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="M0.0038"></a> saraṇalakkhaṇā <span class="bld">sati</span>. Saranti tāya, sayaṃ vā sarati, saraṇamattameva vā esāti sati. Sā panesā apilāpanalakkhaṇā, asammosanarasā, ārakkhapaccupaṭṭhānā, visayābhimukhabhāvapaccupaṭṭhānā vā, thirasaññāpadaṭṭhānā, kāyādisatipaṭṭhānapadaṭṭhānā vā. Ārammaṇe daḷhapatiṭṭhitattā pana esikā viya, cakkhudvārādīnaṃ rakkhaṇato dovāriko viya ca daṭṭhabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tassā pavattiṭṭhānaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘kāye kāyānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānaṃ bhāvento sato’’</span>tiādinā nayena <a name="V0.0035"></a> catubbidhaṃ satipaṭṭhānamāha. Tattha <span class="bld">kāye</span>ti rūpakāye. Rūpakāyo hi idha aṅgapaccaṅgānaṃ kesādīnañca dhammānaṃ samūhaṭṭhena hatthikāyarathakāyādayo viya ‘‘kāyo’’ti adhippeto. Yathā ca samūhaṭṭhena, evaṃ kucchitānaṃ āyaṭṭhena. Kucchitānañhi paramajegucchānaṃ <a name="P1.0046"></a> so āyotipi kāyo. <span class="bld">Āyo</span>ti uppattideso. Tatrāyaṃ vacanattho – āyanti tatoti āyo. Ke āyantīti? Kucchitā kesādayo. Iti kucchitānaṃ kesādīnaṃ āyoti <span class="bld">kāyo</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāyānupassanā</span>ti kāyassa anupassanā, kāyaṃ vā anupassanā, <span class="bld">‘‘kāye’’</span>ti ca vatvāpi puna <span class="bld">‘‘kāyānupassanā’’</span>ti dutiyaṃ kāyaggahaṇaṃ asammissato vavatthānaghanavinibbhogādidassanatthaṃ katanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tena na kāye vedanānupassanā cittadhammānupassanā vā, atha kho kāyānupassanāyevāti kāyasaṅkhāte vatthusmiṃ kāyānupassanākārasseva dassanena asammissato vavatthānaṃ dassitaṃ hoti, tathā na kāye aṅgapaccaṅgavinimuttaekadhammānupassanā, nāpi kesalomādivinimuttaitthipurisānupassanā. Yopi cettha kesalomādiko bhūtupādāyasamūhasaṅkhāto kāyo, tatthāpi na bhūtupādāyavinimuttaekadhammānupassanā, atha kho rathasambhārānupassakassa viya aṅgapaccaṅgasamūhānupassanā, nagarāvayavānupassakassa viya kesalomādisamūhānupassanā, kadalikkhandhapattavaṭṭivinibhujanakassa viya rittamuṭṭhiviniveṭhakassa viya ca bhūtupādāyasamūhānupassanāyevāti samūhavaseneva kāyasaṅkhātassa vatthuno nānappakārato dassentena ghanavinibbhogo dassito hoti. Na hettha yathāvuttasamūhavinimutto kāyo vā itthī vā puriso <a name="M0.0039"></a> vā añño vā koci dhammo dissati, yathāvuttadhammasamūhamatteyeva pana tathā tathā sattā micchābhinivesaṃ karonti. Tenāhu porāṇā –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yaṃ passati na taṃ diṭṭhaṃ, yaṃ diṭṭhaṃ taṃ na passati;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Apassaṃ bajjhate mūḷho, bajjhamāno na muccatī’’ti. (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 2.373; ma. ni. aṭṭha. 1.106);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ghanavinibbhogādidassanatthanti vuttaṃ. Ādisaddena cettha ayampi attho veditabbo. Ayañhi etasmiṃ kāye kāyānupassanāyeva<a name="P1.0047"></a>, na aññadhammānupassanā. Yathā anudakabhūtāyapi marīciyā udakānupassanā hoti, na evaṃ aniccadukkhānattāsubhabhūteyeva imasmiṃ kāye niccasukhattasubhabhāvānupassanā<a name="V0.0036"></a>, atha kho kāyānupassanā aniccadukkhānattāsubhākārasamūhānupassanāyevāti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha vā yvāyaṃ mahāsatipaṭṭhāne ‘‘idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu araññagato vā…pe… so satova assasatī’’tiādinā (dī. ni. 2.374; ma. ni. 1.107) nayena assāsapassāsādicuṇṇikajātaaṭṭhikapariyosāno kāyo vutto, yo ca paṭisambhidāyaṃ satipaṭṭhānakathāyaṃ ‘‘idhekacco pathavīkāyaṃ aniccato anupassati. Āpokāyaṃ. Tejokāyaṃ. Vāyokāyaṃ. Kesakāyaṃ. Lomakāyaṃ. Chavikāyaṃ. Cammakāyaṃ. Maṃsakāyaṃ. Ruhirakāyaṃ. Nhārukāyaṃ. Aṭṭhikāyaṃ. Aṭṭhimiñjakāya’’nti kāyo vutto, tassa sabbassa imasmiṃyeva kāye anupassanato kāye kāyānupassanāti evampi attho daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha vā kāye ‘‘aha’’nti vā ‘‘mama’’nti vā evaṃ gahetabbassa yassa kassaci anupassanato tassa tasseva pana kesalomādikassa nānādhammasamūhassa anupassanato kāye kesādisamūhasaṅkhātakāyānupassanāti evamattho daṭṭhabbo. Api ca ‘‘imasmiṃ kāye aniccato anupassati, no niccato’’tiādinā (paṭi. ma. 3.35) anukkamena paṭisambhidāyaṃ āgatanayassa sabbasseva aniccalakkhaṇādino ākārasamūhasaṅkhātassa kāyassa anupassanatopi kāye kāyānupassanāti evampi attho daṭṭhabbo. Ayaṃ pana catusatipaṭṭhānasādhāraṇo attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Satipaṭṭhāna</span>nti <a name="M0.0040"></a> tayo satipaṭṭhānā satigocaropi, tidhā paṭipannesu sāvakesu satthuno paṭighānunayavītivattatāpi, satipi. ‘‘Catunnaṃ, bhikkhave, satipaṭṭhānānaṃ samudayañca atthaṅgamañca desissāmi, taṃ suṇātha sādhukaṃ manasi karotha…pe… ko ca, bhikkhave, kāyassa samudayo? Āhārasamudayā kāyasamudayo’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 5.408) hi satigocaro ‘‘satipaṭṭhāna’’nti vuccati<a name="P1.0048"></a>. Tathā ‘‘kāyo upaṭṭhānaṃ, no sati, sati upaṭṭhānañceva sati cā’’tiādīsupi (paṭi. ma. 3.35). Tassattho – patiṭṭhāti asminti paṭṭhānaṃ. Kā patiṭṭhāti? Sati. Satiyā paṭṭhānaṃ <span class="bld">satipaṭṭhānaṃ,</span> padhānaṭṭhānanti vā paṭṭhānaṃ, satiyā paṭṭhānaṃ satipaṭṭhānaṃ, hatthiṭṭhānaassaṭṭhānādīni viya.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Tayo satipaṭṭhānā yadariyo sevati, yadariyo sevamāno satthā gaṇamanusāsitumarahatī’’ti (ma. ni. 3.304, 311) ettha tidhā paṭipannesu sāvakesu satthuno paṭighānunayavītivattatā ‘‘satipaṭṭhāna’’nti vuttā. Tassattho – paṭṭhapetabbato paṭṭhānaṃ, pavattayitabbatoti <a name="V0.0037"></a> attho. Kena paṭṭhapetabboti? Satiyā, satiyā paṭṭhānaṃ satipaṭṭhānanti. ‘‘Cattāro satipaṭṭhānā bhāvitā bahulīkatā satta bojjhaṅge paripūrentī’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 3.147) pana satiyeva ‘‘satipaṭṭhāna’’nti vuccati. Tassattho – patiṭṭhātīti paṭṭhānaṃ, upaṭṭhāti okkantitvā pakkhanditvā pavattatīti attho. Satiyeva paṭṭhānanti satipaṭṭhānaṃ. Atha vā saraṇaṭṭhena sati, upaṭṭhānaṭṭhena paṭṭhānaṃ. Iti sati ca sā paṭṭhānañcātipi satipaṭṭhānaṃ. Idamidha adhippetaṃ. Taṃ satipaṭṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhāvento</span>ti vaḍḍhento. Ettha ca yaṃ tidhā paṭipannesu sāvakesu satthuno paṭighānunayavītivattatā ‘‘satipaṭṭhāna’’nti vuttaṃ, taṃ iminā suttena gahetabbaṃ. Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā –</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Tayo satipaṭṭhānā yadariyo sevati, yadariyo sevamāno satthā gaṇamanusāsitumarahatī’’ti (ma. ni. 3.304, 311) iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ, kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ. Idha, bhikkhave, satthā sāvakānaṃ dhammaṃ deseti anukampako hitesī anukampaṃ upādāya ‘‘idaṃ vo hitāya idaṃ vo sukhāyā’’ti. Tassa sāvakā <a name="M0.0041"></a> na sussūsanti, na sotaṃ odahanti, na aññā cittaṃ upaṭṭhapenti, vokkamma ca satthu sāsanā vattanti. Tatra, bhikkhave, tathāgato na ceva anattamano hoti, na ca anattamanataṃ paṭisaṃvedeti<a name="P1.0049"></a>, anavassuto ca viharati sato sampajāno. Idaṃ, bhikkhave, paṭhamaṃ satipaṭṭhānaṃ. Yadariyo…pe… marahati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, satthā…pe… idaṃ vo sukhāyāti. Tassa ekacce sāvakā na sussūsanti…pe… vattanti. Ekacce sāvakā sussūsanti…pe… na ca vokkamma satthu sāsanā vattanti. Tatra, bhikkhave, tathāgato na ceva anattamano hoti, na ca anattamanataṃ paṭisaṃvedeti, na ca attamano hoti, na ca attamanataṃ paṭisaṃvedeti. Anattamanatā ca attamanatā ca tadubhayaṃ abhinivajjetvā upekkhako viharati sato sampajāno. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dutiyaṃ…pe….</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Puna caparaṃ…pe… idaṃ vo sukhāyāti. Tassa sāvakā sussūsanti…pe… vattanti. Tatra, bhikkhave, tathāgato attamano ceva hoti, attamanatañca paṭisaṃvedeti, anavassuto ca viharati sato sampajāno. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, tatiya’’nti (dī. ni. 3.311).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ paṭighānunayehi anavassutatā niccaṃ upaṭṭhitasatitāya tadubhayaṃ vītivattatā ‘‘satipaṭṭhāna’’nti <a name="V0.0038"></a> vuttā. Buddhānameva kira niccaṃ upaṭṭhitasatitā hoti, na paccekabuddhādīnanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vedanāsu vedanānupassanātiādīsu vedanādīnaṃ puna vacane payojanaṃ kāyānupassanāyaṃ vuttanayeneva yathāyogaṃ yojetvā veditabbaṃ. Ayampi sādhāraṇattho. Sukhādīsu anekappabhedāsu vedanāsu visuṃ visuṃ aniccādito ekekavedanānupassanā. Sarāgādike soḷasappabhede citte visuṃ visuṃ aniccādito ekekacittānupassanā. Kāyavedanācittāni ṭhapetvā sesatebhūmakadhammesu visuṃ visuṃ aniccādito ekekadhammānupassanā satipaṭṭhānasuttante vuttanayena nīvaraṇādidhammānupassanāti. Ettha ca kāyeti ekavacanaṃ, sarīrassa ekattā<a name="M0.0042"></a>. Citteti ekavacanaṃ, cittassa sabhāvabhedābhāvato jātiggahaṇena katanti veditabbaṃ. Yathā <a name="P1.0050"></a> ca vedanādayo anupassitabbā, tathānupassanto vedanāsu vedanānupassanā, citte cittānupassanā, dhammesu dhammānupassanāti veditabbā. Kathaṃ vedanā anupassitabbā? Sukhā tāva vedanā dukkhato, dukkhā vedanā sallato, adukkhamasukhā aniccato anupassitabbā. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yo sukhaṃ dukkhato adda, dukkhamaddakkhi sallato;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Adukkhamasukhaṃ santaṃ, addakkhi naṃ aniccato;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sa ve sammaddaso bhikkhu, parijānāti vedanā’’ti. (saṃ. ni. 4.253);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sabbā eva cetā dukkhatopi anupassitabbā. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘yaṃ kiñci vedayitaṃ, taṃ dukkhasminti vadāmī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 4.259). Sukhadukkhatopi ca anupassitabbā. Yathāha ‘‘sukhā vedanā ṭhitisukhā, vipariṇāmadukkhā. Dukkhā vedanā ṭhitidukkhā, vipariṇāmasukhā. Adukkhamasukhā vedanā ñāṇasukhā, aññāṇadukkhā’’ti (ma. ni. 1.465). Api ca aniccādisattavipassanāvasenāpi anupassitabbā. Cittadhammesupi cittaṃ tāva ārammaṇādhipatisahajātabhūmikammavipākakiriyādinānattabhedānaṃ aniccādisattānupassanānaṃ sarāgādisoḷasabhedānañca vasena anupassitabbaṃ. Dhammā salakkhaṇasāmaññalakkhaṇānaṃ suññatadhammassa aniccādisattānupassanānaṃ santāsantādīnañca vasena anupassitabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ime cattāro satipaṭṭhānā pubbabhāge nānācittesu labbhanti. Aññeneva hi cittena kāyaṃ pariggaṇhāti, aññena vedanaṃ, aññena cittaṃ, aññena dhamme pariggaṇhāti, lokuttaramaggakkhaṇe <a name="V0.0039"></a> pana ekacitteyeva labbhantīti. Ādito hi kāyaṃ pariggaṇhitvā āgatassa vipassanāsampayuttā sati kāyānupassanā nāma, tāya satiyā samannāgato puggalo kāyānupassī nāma. Vipassanaṃ ussukkāpetvā ariyamaggaṃ pattassa <a name="P1.0051"></a> maggakkhaṇe maggasampayuttā sati kāyānupassanā nāma, tāya satiyā samannāgato puggalo kāyānupassī nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vedanaṃ pariggaṇhitvā cittaṃ pariggaṇhitvā dhamme pariggaṇhitvā āgatassa vipassanāsampayuttā sati dhammānupassanā nāma, tāya satiyā samannāgato puggalo dhammānupassī nāma. Vipassanaṃ ussukkāpetvā ariyamaggaṃ pattassa <a name="M0.0043"></a> maggakkhaṇe maggasampayuttā sati dhammānupassanā nāma, tāya satiyā samannāgato puggalo dhammānupassī nāma, evaṃ tāva desanā puggale tiṭṭhati, kāye pana ‘‘subha’’nti vipallāsappahānā kāyapariggāhikā sati maggena samijjhatīti kāyānupassanā nāma. Vedanāya ‘‘sukha’’nti vipallāsappahānā vedanāpariggāhikā sati maggena samijjhatīti vedanānupassanā nāma. Citte ‘‘nicca’’nti vipallāsappahānā cittapariggāhikā sati maggena samijjhatīti cittānupassanā nāma. Dhammesu ‘‘attā’’ti vipallāsappahānā dhammapariggāhikā sati maggena samijjhatīti dhammānupassanā nāma. Iti ekāva maggasampayuttā sati catukiccasādhakaṭṭhena cattāri nāmāni labhati. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘lokuttaramaggakkhaṇe pana ekacitteyeva labbhantī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Puna upakāravasena ca aparihīnavasena ca guṇavasena ca apare tayo catukkā vuttā. Tattha <span class="bld">asatiparivajjanāyā</span>ti na sati asati, sati ettha natthīti vā asati, muṭṭhassatiyā etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Parivajjanāyā</span>ti samantato vajjanena. Bhattanikkhittakākasadise hi muṭṭhasatipuggale parivajjanena upaṭṭhitasatipuggalasevanena ṭhānanisajjādīsu satisamuṭṭhāpanatthaṃ ninnapoṇapabbhāracittatāya ca sati uppajjati. <span class="bld">Satikaraṇīyānaṃ dhammāna</span>nti satiyā kātabbānaṃ dhammānaṃ. <span class="bld">Katattā</span>ti katabhāvena. Catunnaṃ maggānaṃ katattā, bhāvitattāti attho. <span class="bld">Satiparibandhānaṃ dhammānaṃ hatattā</span>ti kāmacchandādīnaṃ nāsitabhāvena. <span class="bld">Satinimittānaṃ dhammānaṃ asammuṭṭhattā</span>ti satiyā kāraṇānaṃ kāyādiārammaṇānaṃ anaṭṭhabhāvena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Satiyā</span> <a name="P1.0052"></a> <span class="bld">samannāgatattā</span>ti satiyā sammā āgatattā aparihīnattā ca. <span class="bld">Vasitattā</span>ti vasibhāvappattena. <span class="bld">Pāguññatāyā</span>ti paguṇabhāvena. <span class="bld">Apaccorohaṇatāyā</span>ti anivattanabhāvena apaccosakkanabhāvena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sattattā</span>ti <a name="V0.0040"></a> sabhāvena vijjamānattā. <span class="bld">Santattā</span>ti nibbutasabhāvattā. <span class="bld">Samitattā</span>ti kilesānaṃ vūpasamitabhāvattā. <span class="bld">Santadhammasamannāgatattā</span>ti sappurisadhammehi aparihīnattā. Buddhānussatiādayo heṭṭhā vuttanayā eva. Saraṇakavasena sati, idaṃ satiyā sabhāvapadaṃ. Punappunaṃ saraṇato anussaraṇavasena <a name="M0.0044"></a> <span class="bld">anussati</span>. Abhimukhaṃ gantvā viya saraṇato paṭisaraṇavasena <span class="bld">paṭissati</span>. Upasaggavasena vā vaḍḍhitamattameva. Saraṇākāro <span class="bld">saraṇatā</span>. Yasmā pana saraṇatāti tiṇṇaṃ saraṇānampi nāmaṃ, tasmā taṃ paṭisedhetuṃ puna satiggahaṇaṃ kataṃ. Satisaṅkhātā saraṇatāti ayañhettha attho. Sutapariyattassa dhāraṇabhāvato <span class="bld">dhāraṇatā</span>. Anupavisanasaṅkhātena ogāhanaṭṭhena apilāpanabhāvo <span class="bld">apilāpanatā</span>. Yathā hi udake lābukaṭāhādīni palavanti, na anupavisanti, na tathā ārammaṇe sati. Ārammaṇañhi esā anupavisati, tasmā ‘‘apilāpanatā’’ti vuttā. Cirakatacirabhāsitānaṃ na sammussanabhāvato <span class="bld">asammussanatā</span>. Upaṭṭhānalakkhaṇe jotanalakkhaṇe ca indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti indriyaṃ, satisaṅkhātaṃ indriyaṃ <span class="bld">satindriyaṃ</span>. Pamāde na kampatīti <span class="bld">satibalaṃ</span>. Yāthāvasati niyyānasati kusalasatīti <span class="bld">sammāsati</span>. Bujjhanakassa aṅgoti bojjhaṅgo, pasaṭṭho sundaro vā bojjhaṅgo sambojjhaṅgo, satiyeva sambojjhaṅgo <span class="bld">satisambojjhaṅgo</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekāyanamaggo</span>ti ekamaggo, ayaṃ maggo na dvedhāpathabhūtoti evamattho daṭṭhabbo. Atha vā ekena ayitabboti ekāyano. Ekenāti gaṇasaṅgaṇikaṃ pahāya vūpakaṭṭhena pavivittacittena. Ayitabbo paṭipajjitabbo, ayanti vā etenāti ayano, saṃsārato nibbānaṃ gacchatīti attho<a name="P1.0053"></a>. Ekassa ayano ekāyano. Ekassāti seṭṭhassa. Sabbasattānaṃ seṭṭhova bhagavā, tasmā ‘‘bhagavato’’ti vuttaṃ hoti. Kiñcāpi hi tena aññepi ayanti, evaṃ santepi bhagavatova so ayano tena uppāditattā. Yathāha ‘‘so hi brāhmaṇa bhagavā anuppannassa maggassa uppādetā’’tiādi (saṃ. ni. 1.215; paṭi. ma. 3.5; ma. ni. 3.79). Ayatīti vā ayano, gacchati pavattatīti attho. Ekasmiṃ ayano ekāyano. Imasmiṃyeva dhammavinaye pavattati, na aññatthāti vuttaṃ hoti. Yathāha ‘‘imasmiṃ kho, subhadda, dhammavinaye ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo upalabbhatī’’ti (dī. ni. 2.214). Desanābhedoyeva heso, atthato pana ekova. Api ca ekaṃ ayatīti ekāyano. Pubbabhāge nānāmukhabhāvanānayena pavattopi aparabhāge ekaṃ nibbānameva gacchatīti vuttaṃ hoti. Yathāha brahmā sahampati –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Ekāyanaṃ <a name="V0.0041"></a><a name="M0.0045"></a> jātikhayantadassī, maggaṃ pajānāti hitānukampī;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Etena maggena tariṃsu pubbe, tarissanti ye ca taranti ogha’’nti. (saṃ. ni. 5.384, 409);</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Maggo</span>ti kenaṭṭhena maggo? Nibbānaṃ gamanaṭṭhena, nibbānatthikehi magganīyaṭṭhena ca. <span class="bld">Upeto</span>ti āsannaṃ gato. <span class="bld">Samupeto</span>ti tato āsannataraṃ gato. Ubhayenapi satiyā aparihīnoti attho. <span class="bld">Upagato</span>ti upagantvā ṭhito. <span class="bld">Samupagato</span>ti sampayutto hutvā ṭhito. ‘‘Upāgato samupāgato’’tipi pāḷi. Ubhayenāpi satisamīpaṃ āgatoti attho. <span class="bld">Upapanno</span>ti aviyogāpanno. <span class="bld">Samupapanno</span>ti paripuṇṇo. <span class="bld">Samannāgato</span>ti avikalo vijjamāno. ‘‘Upeto samupetoti dvīhi padehi pavattaṃ kathitaṃ. Upagato samupagatoti dvīhi padehi paṭivedho. Upapanno samupapanno samannāgatoti tīhi padehi paṭilābho kathito’’ti evameke vaṇṇayanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Loke vā sā visattikā</span>ti yā esā anekappakārena vuttā visattikā, sā khandhaloke eva, na aññatra khandhehi pavattatīti <a name="P1.0054"></a> attho. <span class="bld">Loke vā taṃ visattika</span>nti khandhaloke eva pavattaṃ etaṃ visattikasaṅkhātaṃ taṇhaṃ. <span class="bld">Tarati</span> kāme parivajjento. <span class="bld">Uttarati</span> kilese pajahanto. <span class="bld">Patarati</span> tesaṃ patiṭṭhāhetuṃ chindanto. <span class="bld">Samatikkamati</span> saṃsāraṃ atikkamanto. <span class="bld">Vītivattati</span> paṭisandhiabhabbuppattikaṃ karonto. Atha vā <span class="bld">tarati uttarati</span> kāyānupassanena. <span class="bld">Patarati</span> vedanānupassanena. <span class="bld">Samatikkamati</span> cittānupassanena. Atha vā <span class="bld">tarati</span> sīlena. <span class="bld">Uttarati</span> samādhinā. <span class="bld">Patarati</span> vipassanāya. <span class="bld">Samatikkamati</span> maggena. <span class="bld">Vītivattati</span> phalenāti evamādinā yojetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para4"></a><span class="paranum">4</span>. Catutthagāthāya ayaṃ saṅkhepattho – yo ekaṃ sālikhettādikhettaṃ vā gharavatthādivatthuṃ vā kahāpaṇasaṅkhātaṃ hiraññaṃ vā goassādibhedaṃ gavāssaṃ vā antojātādidāse vā bhatakādikammakare vā itthisaññitā thiyo vā ñātibandhavādibandhū vā aññe vā manāpiyarūpādike puthukāme <a name="M0.0046"></a> anugijjhatīti. <span class="bld">Sālikkhetta</span>nti yattha sāliyo viruhanti. <span class="bld">Vīhikkhettā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Vīhī</span>ti avasesavīhayo. Modayatīti <span class="bld">muggo. Gharavatthu</span>nti gharapatiṭṭhāpanatthaṃ katākatabhūmibhāgo. Koṭṭhakavatthādīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Koṭṭhako</span>ti dvārakoṭṭhādi. <span class="bld">Pure</span>ti gharassa purato. <span class="bld">Pacchā</span>ti gharassa pacchato. Ettha ārāmenti cittaṃ tosentīti <span class="bld">ārāmo,</span> pupphenapi phalenapi chāyāyapi dakenapi ramantīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pasukādayo</span>ti <a name="V0.0042"></a> eḷakādayo. <span class="bld">Antojātako</span>ti antogharadāsiyā kucchimhi jāto. <span class="bld">Dhanakkītako</span>ti dhanena kīṇitvā parivattetvā gahito. <span class="bld">Sāmaṃ vā</span>ti sayaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Dāsabya</span>nti dāsassa bhāvo dāsabyaṃ, taṃ dāsabyaṃ. <span class="bld">Upetī</span>ti upagacchati. <span class="bld">Akāmako vā</span>ti attano aruciyā vā karamarānīto.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Te <a name="P1.0055"></a> cattāro punapi dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘āmāya dāsāpi bhavanti heke’’</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Āmāya dāsā</span>ti antojātadāsā. ‘‘Yattha dāso āmajāto ṭhito thullāni gacchatī’’ti etthāpi eteva vuttā. <span class="bld">Dhanena kītā</span>ti dhanadāsā. <span class="bld">Sāmañca eke</span>ti sayaṃ dāsā. <span class="bld">Bhayāpaṇunnā</span>ti akāmadāsā. Bhayena paṇunnā khipitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhatakā</span>ti bhatiyā jīvanakā. Kasikammādikammaṃ karontīti <span class="bld">kammakarā. Upajīvino</span>ti sammantanādinā upagantvā nissayaṃ katvā jīvantīti upajīvino.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Itthī</span>ti thiyati etissaṃ gabbhoti itthī. <span class="bld">Pariggaho</span>ti sahāyī sassāmikā. Mātāpitibandhavāpi <span class="bld">ñātibandhu</span>. Sagotto <span class="bld">gottabandhu</span>. Ekācariyakule vā ekajātimantaṃ vā uggahitamanto <span class="bld">mantabandhu</span>. Dhanusippādisaddhiṃ uggahitako <span class="bld">sippabandhu</span>. ‘‘Mittabandhavātipi bandhū’’ti katthaci potthake pāṭho dissati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gijjhatī</span>ti kilesakāmena pattheti. <span class="bld">Anugijjhatī</span>ti anu anu gijjhati punappunaṃ pattheti. <span class="bld">Paligijjhatī</span>ti samantato pattheti. <span class="bld">Palibajjhatī</span>ti visesena pattheti. ‘‘Oḷārikattena nimittaggāhavasena <span class="bld">gijjhati, anugijjhati,</span> anubyañjanaggāhavasena <span class="bld">paligijjhati, palibajjhatī’’</span>ti evameke vaṇṇayanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para5"></a><span class="paranum">5</span>. Pañcamagāthāyaṃ <a name="M0.0047"></a> ayaṃ saṅkhepattho – taṃ puggalaṃ abalakhyā kilesā balīyanti sahanti maddanti. Saddhābalādivirahena vā abalaṃ taṃ puggalaṃ abalā kilesā balīyanti, abalattā balīyantīti attho. Atha vā taṃ kāmagiddhaṃ kāmarattaṃ <a name="P1.0056"></a> kāmapariyesantañca sīhādayo ca pākaṭaparissayā, kāyaduccaritādayo ca apākaṭaparissayā maddanti. Tato apākaṭaparissayehi abhibhūtaṃ taṃ puggalaṃ jātiādidukkhaṃ bhinnaṃ nāvaṃ udakaṃ viya anveti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Abalā</span>ti natthi etesaṃ balanti abalā, balavirahitā. <span class="bld">Dubbalā</span>ti mandapayogābalena kattabbakiccavirahitā<a name="V0.0043"></a>. <span class="bld">Appabalā</span>ti appaṃ parittaṃ etesaṃ balanti appabalā, yujjhituṃ asamatthā. <span class="bld">Appathāmakā</span>ti appo paritto thāmo etesaṃ vāyāmo ussāhoti appathāmakā. <span class="bld">Hīnā nihīnā</span> payogahīnena. <span class="bld">Omakā</span> thāmahīnena. <span class="bld">Lāmakā</span> paccayahīnena. <span class="bld">Chatukkā</span> ajjhāsayahīnena. <span class="bld">Parittā</span> pattihīnena. <span class="bld">Sahantī</span>ti maddanti ghaṭṭanaṃ uppādenti. <span class="bld">Parisahantī</span>ti sabbato maddanti. <span class="bld">Abhibhavanti</span> aparāparaṃ uppattivasena. <span class="bld">Ajjhottharanti</span> punappunaṃ uppattivasena. <span class="bld">Pariyādiyanti</span> sussosetvā ṭhānena. <span class="bld">Maddanti</span> kusaluppattinivāraṇena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saddhābala</span>nti saddahanti etāya, sayaṃ vā saddahati, saddahanamattameva vā esāti saddhā. Sā saddahanalakkhaṇā, okappanalakkhaṇā vā, sampasādanarasā udakappasādakamaṇi viya. Pakkhandanarasā vā oghuttaraṇo viya. Akālusiyapaccupaṭṭhānā, adhimuttipaccupaṭṭhānā vā. Saddheyyavatthupadaṭṭhānā, sotāpattiyaṅgapadaṭṭhānā vā. Sā hatthavittabījāni viya daṭṭhabbā. Asaddhiye na kampatīti <span class="bld">saddhābalaṃ. Vīriyabala</span>nti vīrassa bhāvo vīriyaṃ, vīrānaṃ vā kammaṃ vīriyaṃ, vidhinā vā nayena upāyena īrayitabbaṃ pavattayitabbanti vīriyaṃ. Taṃ panetaṃ upatthambhanalakkhaṇañca paggahaṇalakkhaṇañca vīriyaṃ, sahajātānaṃ upatthambhanarasaṃ, asaṃsīdanabhāvapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ, ‘‘saṃviggo yoniso padahatī’’ti vacanato (a. ni. 4.113) saṃvegapadaṭṭhānaṃ, vīriyārambhavatthupadaṭṭhānaṃ vā. Sammā āraddhaṃ sabbasampattīnaṃ mūlanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Kosajje na kampatīti <span class="bld">vīriyabalaṃ</span>. Satiyā <a name="P1.0057"></a> lakkhaṇādīni vuttāneva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Muṭṭhassacce <a name="M0.0048"></a> na kampatīti <span class="bld">satibalaṃ</span>. Sahajātāni sammā ādhīyati ṭhapetīti samādhi. So pāmokkhalakkhaṇo avikkhepalakkhaṇo vā, sahajātānaṃ dhammānaṃ ārammaṇe sampiṇḍanaraso nhāniyacuṇṇānaṃ udakaṃ viya, upasamapaccupaṭṭhāno, ñāṇapaccupaṭṭhāno vā. ‘‘Samāhito yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti passatī’’ti hi vuttaṃ. Visesato sukhapadaṭṭhāno nivāte padīpaccīnaṃ ṭhiti viya cetaso ṭhitīti daṭṭhabbo. Uddhacce na kampatīti <span class="bld">samādhibalaṃ</span>. Pajānātīti paññā. Kiṃ pajānāti? ‘‘Idaṃ dukkha’’ntiādinā (mahāva. 15) nayena ariyasaccāni. Sā yathāsabhāvapaṭivedhalakkhaṇā, akkhalitapaṭivedhalakkhaṇā vā kusalissāsakhittausupaṭivedho viya, visayobhāsanarasā padīpo viya, asammohapaccupaṭṭhānā araññagatasudesako viya. Avijjāya na kampatīti <span class="bld">paññābalaṃ. Hiribalaṃ ottappabala</span>nti ahirike na kampatīti hiribalaṃ. Anottappe na kampatīti ottappabalaṃ. Ayaṃ ubhayavasena atthavaṇṇanā hoti. Kāyaduccaritādīhi hirīyatīti hirī, lajjāyetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Tehi eva ottappatīti ottappaṃ, pāpato ubbegassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tesaṃ <a name="V0.0044"></a> nānākaraṇadīpanatthaṃ – ‘‘samuṭṭhānaṃ adhipati, lajjādilakkhaṇena cā’’ti imaṃ mātikaṃ ṭhapetvā ayaṃ vitthārakathā vuttā – ajjhattasamuṭṭhānā hirī nāma, bahiddhāsamuṭṭhānaṃ ottappaṃ nāma. Attādhipati hirī nāma, lokādhipati ottappaṃ nāma. Lajjāsabhāvasaṇṭhitā hirī nāma, bhayasabhāvasaṇṭhitaṃ ottappaṃ nāma. Sappatissavalakkhaṇā hirī nāma, vajjabhīrukabhayadassāvilakkhaṇaṃ ottappaṃ nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha ajjhattasamuṭṭhānaṃ hiriṃ catūhi kāraṇehi samuṭṭhāpeti – jātiṃ paccavekkhitvā, vayaṃ paccavekkhitvā, sūrabhāvaṃ paccavekkhitvā, bāhusaccaṃ paccavekkhitvā. Kathaṃ? ‘‘Pāpakaraṇaṃ nāmetaṃ na jātisampannānaṃ kammaṃ, hīnajaccānaṃ kevaṭṭādīnaṃ idaṃ kammaṃ, mādisassa jātisampannassa <a name="P1.0058"></a> idaṃ kammaṃ kātuṃ na yutta’’nti evaṃ tāva jātiṃ paccavekkhitvā pāṇātipātādipāpaṃ akaronto hiriṃ samuṭṭhāpeti. Tathā ‘‘pāpakaraṇaṃ nāmetaṃ daharehi kattabbaṃ kammaṃ, mādisassa vaye ṭhitassa idaṃ kammaṃ kātuṃ na yutta’’nti evaṃ vayaṃ paccavekkhitvā pāṇātipātādipāpaṃ akaronto hiriṃ samuṭṭhāpeti. Tathā ‘‘pāpakammaṃ nāmetaṃ dubbalajātikānaṃ kammaṃ, mādisassa sūrabhāvasampannassa <a name="M0.0049"></a> idaṃ kammaṃ kātuṃ na yutta’’nti evaṃ sūrabhāvaṃ paccavekkhitvā pāṇātipātādipāpaṃ akaronto hiriṃ samuṭṭhāpeti. Tathā ‘‘pāpakammaṃ nāmetaṃ andhabālānaṃ kammaṃ, na paṇḍitānaṃ. Mādisassa paṇḍitassa bahussutassa idaṃ kammaṃ kātuṃ na yutta’’nti evaṃ bāhusaccaṃ paccavekkhitvā pāṇātipātādipāpaṃ akaronto hiriṃ samuṭṭhāpeti. Evaṃ ajjhattasamuṭṭhānaṃ hiriṃ catūhi kāraṇehi samuṭṭhāpeti. Samuṭṭhāpetvā ca pana attano citte hiriṃ pavesetvā pāpakammaṃ na karoti. Evaṃ ajjhattasamuṭṭhānā hirī nāma hoti. Kathaṃ bahiddhāsamuṭṭhānaṃ ottappaṃ nāma? ‘‘Sace tvaṃ pāpakammaṃ karissasi, catūsu parisāsu garahappatto bhavissasi –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Garahissanti taṃ viññū, asuciṃ nāgariko yathā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Vajjito sīlavantehi, kathaṃ bhikkhu karissasī’’ti. (dha. sa. aṭṭha. 1 kāmāvacarakusala dhammuddesakathā) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Evaṃ paccavekkhanto hi bahiddhāsamuṭṭhitena ottappena pāpakammaṃ na karoti, evaṃ bahiddhāsamuṭṭhānaṃ ottappaṃ nāma hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ attādhipati hirī nāma? Idhekacco kulaputto attānaṃ adhipatiṃ jeṭṭhakaṃ katvā ‘‘mādisassa <a name="V0.0045"></a> saddhāpabbajitassa bahussutassa dhutaṅgadharassa na yuttaṃ pāpakammaṃ <a name="P1.0059"></a> kātu’’nti pāpaṃ na karoti. Evaṃ attādhipati hirī nāma hoti. Tenāha bhagavā ‘‘so attānaṃyeva adhipatiṃ karitvā akusalaṃ pajahati, kusalaṃ bhāveti, sāvajjaṃ pajahati, anavajjaṃ bhāveti, suddhaṃ attānaṃ pariharatī’’ti (dha. sa. aṭṭha. 1 kāmāvacarakusala dhammuddesakathā; a. ni. 3.40).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ lokādhipati ottappaṃ nāma? Idhekacco kulaputto lokaṃ adhipatiṃ jeṭṭhakaṃ katvā pāpakammaṃ na karoti. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Mahā kho panāyaṃ lokasannivāso, mahantasmiṃ kho pana lokasannivāse santi samaṇabrāhmaṇā iddhimanto dibbacakkhukā paracittaviduno, te dūratopi passanti, āsannāpi na dissanti, cetasāpi cittaṃ jānanti. Tepi maṃ evaṃ jāneyyuṃ ‘passatha bho imaṃ kulaputtaṃ saddhāya agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito samāno vokiṇṇo viharati pāpakehi akusalehi dhammehī’ti. Devatāpi kho santi iddhimantiniyo dibbacakkhukā paracittaviduniyo, tā dūratopi passanti, āsannāpi <a name="M0.0050"></a> na dissanti, cetasāpi cittaṃ jānanti. Tāpi maṃ evaṃ jāneyyuṃ ‘passatha bho imaṃ kulaputtaṃ saddhāya agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito samāno vokiṇṇo viharati pāpakehi akusalehi dhammehī’ti. So iti paṭisañcikkhati ‘āraddhaṃ kho pana me vīriyaṃ bhavissati asallīnaṃ, upaṭṭhitā sati asammuṭṭhā, passaddho kāyo asāraddho, samāhitaṃ cittaṃ ekagga’nti. So lokaṃyeva adhipatiṃ karitvā akusalaṃ pajahati, kusalaṃ bhāveti, sāvajjaṃ pajahati, anavajjaṃ bhāveti, suddhaṃ attānaṃ pariharatī’’ti (dha. sa. aṭṭha. 1 kāmāvacarakusala dhammuddesakathā; a. ni. 3.40).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ lokādhipati ottappaṃ nāma hoti. ‘‘Lajjāsabhāvasaṇṭhitā hirī, bhayasabhāvasaṇṭhitaṃ ottappa’’nti ettha pana lajjāti lajjanākāro, tena sabhāvena saṇṭhitā hirī. Bhayanti apāyabhayaṃ, tena sabhāvena saṇṭhitaṃ ottappaṃ. Tadubhayampi pāpaparivajjane pākaṭaṃ hoti. Ekacco hi yathā nāma eko kulaputto uccārapassāvādīni karonto lajjitabbayuttakaṃ ekaṃ disvā lajjanākārappatto bhaveyya hīḷito, evameva ajjhattaṃ lajjīdhammaṃ okkamitvā pāpakammaṃ na karoti. Ekacco apāyabhayabhīto hutvā pāpakammaṃ na karoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatridaṃ <a name="V0.0046"></a> opammaṃ – yathā hi dvīsu ayoguḷesu eko sītalo bhaveyya gūthamakkhito, eko uṇho āditto. Tattha paṇḍito sītalaṃ gūthamakkhitattā jigucchanto na gaṇhāti, itaraṃ ḍāhabhayena. Tattha sītalassa <a name="P1.0060"></a> gūthamakkhanajigucchāya agaṇhanaṃ viya ajjhattaṃ lajjīdhammaṃ okkamitvā pāpassa akaraṇaṃ, uṇhassa ḍāhabhayena agaṇhanaṃ viya apāyabhayena pāpassa akaraṇaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Sappatissavalakkhaṇā hirī, vajjabhīrukabhayadassāvilakkhaṇaṃ ottappa’’nti idampi dvayaṃ pāpaparivajjane eva pākaṭaṃ hoti. Ekacco hi jātimahattapaccavekkhaṇā satthumahattapaccavekkhaṇā dāyajjamahattapaccavekkhaṇā sabrahmacārimahattapaccavekkhaṇāti catūhi kāraṇehi sappatissavalakkhaṇaṃ hiriṃ samuṭṭhāpetvā pāpaṃ na karoti. Ekacco attānuvādabhayaṃ parānuvādabhayaṃ daṇḍabhayaṃ duggatibhayanti catūhākārehi vajjabhīrukabhāvadassāvilakkhaṇaṃ ottappaṃ <a name="M0.0051"></a> samuṭṭhāpetvā pāpaṃ na karoti. Tattha jātimahattapaccavekkhaṇādīni ceva attānuvādabhayādīni ca vitthāretvā kathetabbāni. Evaṃ vuttaṃ sattavidhaṃ balaṃ yassa puggalassa natthi, te kilesā taṃ puggalaṃ sahanti…pe… pariyādiyanti maddantīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dve parissayā</span>ti pākaṭāpākaṭavasena dve eva upaddavā, na ekaṃ, na tīṇi. Te vibhāgato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘katame pākaṭaparissayā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">kokā</span>ti kekā. Ayameva vā pāṭho. <span class="bld">Corā</span>ti coriyakammehi yuttā. <span class="bld">Māṇavā</span>ti sāhasikakammehi yuttā. <span class="bld">Katakammā</span>ti sandhicchedādikatacorikakammā. <span class="bld">Akatakammā</span>ti taṃ kammaṃ kātuṃ nikkhantā. Ettha <span class="bld">assū</span>ti bhaveyyunti attho. <span class="bld">Cakkhurogo</span>ti cakkhusmiṃ uppannarogo, rujatīti rogo. Cakkhurogotiādayo vatthuvasena veditabbā. Nibbattitapasādānañhi rogo nāma natthi. <span class="bld">Kaṇṇarogo</span>ti bahikaṇṇarogo. <span class="bld">Mukharogo</span>ti mukhe uppannarogo. <span class="bld">Dantarogo</span>ti dantasūlaṃ. <span class="bld">Kāso</span>ti khayarogo. <span class="bld">Sāso</span>ti svāso uggārarogo. <span class="bld">Pināso</span>ti bahināsikāya rogo. <span class="bld">Ḍāho</span>ti abbhantare uppajjanako uṇho. <span class="bld">Mucchā</span>ti <a name="P1.0061"></a> sativissajjanakā. <span class="bld">Pakkhandikā</span>ti lohitapakkhandikā atisāro. <span class="bld">Sūlā</span>ti āmasūlā kucchivāto. <span class="bld">Visūcikā</span>ti mahanto virecanako. <span class="bld">Kilāso</span>ti sabalo. <span class="bld">Soso</span>ti sukkhanako sosabyādhi. <span class="bld">Apamāro</span>ti amanussaggāho veriyakkhābādho. <span class="bld">Daddū</span>ti daddupīḷakā. <span class="bld">Kaṇḍū</span>ti khuddakapīḷakā. <span class="bld">Kacchū</span>ti mahākacchu. <span class="bld">Rakhasā</span>ti nakhehi vilikhitaṭṭhāne rogo. ‘‘Nakhasā’’tipi pāḷi. <span class="bld">Vitacchikā</span>ti hatthatalapādatalesu hīraṃ hīraṃ katvā phālento uppajjanakarogo. <span class="bld">Lohitapitta</span>nti soṇitapittaṃ, rattapittanti <a name="V0.0047"></a> vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Madhumeho</span>ti sarīrabbhantare ukkaṭṭharogo. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘api ca madhumeho ābādho ukkaṭṭho’’ti (pāci. 15).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aṃsā</span>ti arisarogo. <span class="bld">Pīḷakā</span>ti lohitapīḷakā. Bhagaṃ dālayatīti <span class="bld">bhagandalā,</span> vaccamaggaṃ phāletīti attho. <span class="bld">Pittasamuṭṭhānā</span>ti pittena samuṭṭhānaṃ uppatti etesanti pittasamuṭṭhānā. Te kira dvattiṃsa honti. <span class="bld">Semhasamuṭṭhānā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Sannipātikā</span>ti vātapittasemhānaṃ sannipātena <a name="M0.0052"></a> ekībhāvena uppannā. Ābādhaṭṭhena <span class="bld">ābādhā. Utupariṇāmajā</span>ti utupariṇāmena. <span class="bld">Accuṇhā</span>ti sītena uppajjanakarogā. <span class="bld">Visamaparihārajā</span>ti atiṭṭhānanisajjādinā visamaparihārena jātā. <span class="bld">Opakkamikā</span>ti vadhabandhanādinā upakkamena jātā. <span class="bld">Kammavipākajā</span>ti balavakammavipākasambhūtā. <span class="bld">Sītaṃ uṇhaṃ…pe… samphasso</span>ti ime pākaṭā eva. <span class="bld">Iti vā</span>ti evaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Ime vuccantī</span>ti nigamento āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Katame paṭicchannaparissayā</span>ti apākaṭā acchāditaupaddavā <a name="P1.0062"></a> katameti pucchati. Tattha <span class="bld">kāyaduccarita</span>nti pāṇātipātaadinnādānamicchācāracetanā veditabbā. <span class="bld">Vacīduccarita</span>nti musāvādapisuṇavācāpharusavācāsamphappalāpacetanā veditabbā. <span class="bld">Manoduccarita</span>nti abhijjhābyāpādamicchādiṭṭhiyo veditabbā. Kāye pavattaṃ, kāyato vā pavattaṃ, duṭṭhu caritaṃ, kilesapūtikattā vā duṭṭhu caritanti kāyaduccaritaṃ. Vacīmanoduccaritesupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāmīyantīti kāmā, pañca kāmaguṇā. Kāmesu chando kāmacchando. Kāmayatīti vā kāmo, kāmo eva chando, kāmacchando na kattukamyatāchando, na dhammacchando vā. Kāmataṇhāva evaṃnāmikā. Kusaladhamme nīvaratīti nīvaraṇaṃ, kāmacchando eva nīvaraṇaṃ <span class="bld">kāmacchandanīvaraṇaṃ</span>. Evaṃ sesesupi. Byāpajjati tena cittaṃ pūtibhāvaṃ upagacchati, byāpādayati vā vinayācārarūpasampattihitasukhādīnīti vā <span class="bld">byāpādo</span>. Thinanatā thinaṃ. Middhanatā middhaṃ, anussāhasaṃhananatā asattivighātatā cāti attho. Thinañca middhañca <span class="bld">thinamiddhaṃ</span>. Tattha thinaṃ anussāhanalakkhaṇaṃ, vīriyavinodanarasaṃ, saṃsīdanapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ. Middhaṃ akammaññatālakkhaṇaṃ, onahanarasaṃ, līnabhāvapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ, pacalāyikāniddāpaccupaṭṭhānaṃ vā. Ubhayampi aratitandīvijambhitādīsu ayonisomanasikārapadaṭṭhānanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Uddhatassa bhāvo <span class="bld">uddhaccaṃ</span>. Taṃ avūpasamalakkhaṇaṃ vātābhighātacalajalaṃ viya, anavaṭṭhānarasaṃ vātābhighātacaladhajapaṭākaṃ viya, bhantattapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ pāsāṇābhighātasamuddhatabhasmaṃ viya<a name="V0.0048"></a>, cetaso avūpasamo ayonisomanasikārapadaṭṭhānaṃ. Cittavikkhepoti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Kucchitaṃ kataṃ kukataṃ, tassa <a name="M0.0053"></a> bhāvo <span class="bld">kukkuccaṃ</span>. Taṃ pacchānutāpalakkhaṇaṃ, katākatānusocanarasaṃ, vippaṭisārapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ, katākatapadaṭṭhānaṃ dāsabyaṃ viya daṭṭhabbaṃ<a name="P1.0063"></a>. Uddhaccañca kukkuccañca <span class="bld">uddhaccakukkuccaṃ</span>. Vigatā cikicchāti <span class="bld">vicikicchā,</span> sabhāvaṃ vā vicinanto etāya kicchati kilamatīti <span class="bld">vicikicchā,</span> sā saṃsayalakkhaṇā, saṃsappanarasā, anicchayapaccupaṭṭhānā, anekaṃsaggāhapaccupaṭṭhānā vā, ayonisomanasikārapadaṭṭhānā. Paṭipattiantarāyakarāti daṭṭhabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Rajjanalakkhaṇo <span class="bld">rāgo</span>. Dussanalakkhaṇo <span class="bld">doso</span>. Muyhanalakkhaṇo <span class="bld">moho</span>. Kujjhanalakkhaṇo <span class="bld">kodho,</span> caṇḍikkalakkhaṇo vā, āghātakaraṇaraso, dūsanapaccupaṭṭhāno. Upanandhanalakkhaṇo <span class="bld">upanāho,</span> veraappaṭinissajjanaraso, kodhānubandhabhāvapaccupaṭṭhāno. Vuttañcetaṃ ‘‘pubbakālaṃ kodho, aparakālaṃ upanāho’’tiādi (vibha. 891).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paraguṇamakkhanalakkhaṇo <span class="bld">makkho</span>. Tesaṃ vināsanaraso, tadacchādanapaccupaṭṭhāno. Yugaggāhalakkhaṇo <span class="bld">paḷāso,</span> paraguṇehi attano guṇānaṃ samīkaraṇaraso, paresaṃ guṇappamāṇena upaṭṭhānapaccupaṭṭhāno.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Parasampattikhīyanalakkhaṇā <span class="bld">issā,</span> tassa akkhamanalakkhaṇā vā, tattha anabhiratirasā, tato vimukhabhāvapaccupaṭṭhānā. Attano sampattinigūhanalakkhaṇaṃ <span class="bld">macchariyaṃ,</span> attano sampattiyā parehi sādhāraṇabhāvaṃ akkhamanarasaṃ, saṅkocanapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Katapāpapaṭicchādanalakkhaṇā <span class="bld">māyā,</span> tassa nigūhanarasā, tadāvaraṇapaccupaṭṭhānā. Attano avijjamānaguṇappakāsanalakkhaṇaṃ <span class="bld">sāṭheyyaṃ,</span> tesaṃ samudāharaṇarasaṃ, sarīrākārehipi tesaṃ vibhūtakaraṇapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Cittassa uddhumātabhāvalakkhaṇo <span class="bld">thambho,</span> appatissavavuttiraso, amaddavapaccupaṭṭhāno. Karaṇuttariyalakkhaṇo <span class="bld">sārambho,</span> vipaccanīkatāraso, agāravapaccupaṭṭhāno.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Uṇṇatilakkhaṇo <span class="bld">māno,</span> ahaṃkāraraso, uddhumātabhāvapaccupaṭṭhāno. Abbhuṇṇatilakkhaṇo <span class="bld">atimāno,</span> ativiya ahaṃkāraraso, accuddhumātabhāvapaccupaṭṭhāno.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Mattabhāvalakkhaṇo <a name="V0.0049"></a><a name="M0.0054"></a> <span class="bld">mado,</span> madaggahaṇaraso, ummādapaccupaṭṭhāno<a name="P1.0064"></a>. Pañcasu kāmaguṇesu cittassa vossaggalakkhaṇo <span class="bld">pamādo,</span> vossaggānuppadanaraso, sativippavāsapaccupaṭṭhānoti evaṃ imesaṃ dhammānaṃ lakkhaṇādīni veditabbāni. Ayamettha saṅkhepo, vitthāro pana ‘‘tattha katamo kodho’’tiādinā vibhaṅge (vibha. 891) vuttanayeneva veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Visesato cettha āmisagiddho attanā alabhanto aññassa lābhino kujjhati, tassa sakiṃ uppanno kodho kodhoyeva. Taduttari upanāho. So evaṃ kuddho upanayhanto ca santepi aññassa lābhino guṇaṃ makkheti ‘‘ahampi tādiso’’ti ca yugaggāhaṃ gaṇhāti. Ayamassa makkho ca palāso ca, so evaṃ makkhī palāsī tassa lābhasakkārādīsu ‘‘kiṃ imassa iminā’’ti issati padussati, ayamassa issā. Sace panassa kāci sampatti hoti, tassā tena sādhāraṇabhāvaṃ na sahati, idamassa maccheraṃ. Lābhahetu kho pana attano santepi dose paṭicchādeti, ayamassa māyā. Asantepi guṇe pakāseti, idamassa sāṭheyyaṃ. So evaṃ paṭipanno sace pana yathādhippāyaṃ lābhaṃ labhati, tena thaddho hoti amuducitto ‘‘na idaṃ evaṃ kātabba’’nti ovadituṃ asakkuṇeyyo, ayamassa thambho. Sace pana naṃ koci kiñci vadati ‘‘na idaṃ evaṃ kātabba’’nti, tena sāraddhacitto hoti, bhākuṭikamukho ‘‘ko me tva’’nti pasayhabhāṇī, ayamassa sārambho. Tato thambhena ‘‘ahameva seyyo’’ti attānaṃ maññanto mānī hoti. Sārambhena ‘‘ke ime’’ti pare atimaññanto atimānī, ayamassa māno ca atimāno ca. So tehi mānātimānehi jātimadādianekarūpaṃ madaṃ janeti, matto samāno kāmaguṇādibhedesu vatthūsu pamajjati, ayamassa mado ca pamādo cāti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbe kilesā</span>ti sabbepi akusalā dhammā. Upatāpanaṭṭhena vibādhanaṭṭhena ca <span class="bld">kilesā</span>. Kilesapūtikattā <span class="bld">duccaritā</span>. Kilesadarathakaraṇaṭṭhena <span class="bld">darathā</span>. Antoḍāhādikaraṇaṭṭhena <a name="P1.0065"></a> <span class="bld">pariḷāhā</span>. Sadā tāpanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">santāpā</span>. Akosallasambhūtaṭṭhena abhisaṅkharaṇaṭṭhena ca sabbe <span class="bld">akusalābhisaṅkhārā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kenaṭṭhenā</span>ti <a name="M0.0055"></a> kena atthena. Abhibhavanāditividhaṃ atthaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘parisahantīti parissayā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Parisahantī</span>ti dukkhaṃ uppādenti abhibhavanti. <span class="bld">Parihānāya saṃvattantī</span>ti kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ pariccajanāya saṃvattanti. <span class="bld">Tatrāsayā</span>ti tasmiṃ sarīre akusalā dhammā āsayanti nivasanti uppajjantīti attho. <span class="bld">Te parissayā</span>ti kāyaduccaritādayo upaddavā. <span class="bld">Kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ antarāyāyā</span>ti upari vattabbānaṃ sammāpaṭipadādito kosallasambhūtānaṃ dhammānaṃ antaradhānāya adassanatthāya saṃvattanti. <span class="bld">Sammāpaṭipadāyā</span>ti sundarāya pasaṭṭhāya vā paṭipadāya, na <a name="V0.0050"></a> micchāpaṭipadāya. <span class="bld">Anulomapaṭipadāyā</span>ti aviruddhapaṭipadāya, na paṭilomapaṭipadāya. <span class="bld">Apaccanīkapaṭipadāyā</span>ti na paccanīkapaṭipadāya, apaccatthikapaṭipadāya. <span class="bld">Anvatthapaṭipadāyā</span>ti atthaanugatāya paṭipadāya, uparūpari vaḍḍhitāya paṭipadāya. Yathā attho, tathā paṭipajjitabbāya paṭipadāyāti vuttaṃ hoti. ‘‘Attatthapaṭipadāyā’’tipi pāḷi, taṃ na sundaraṃ. <span class="bld">Dhammānudhammapaṭipadāyā</span>ti dhammo nāma navalokuttaradhammo. Anudhammo nāma vipassanādi. Tassa dhammassa anurūpā dhammapaṭipadā dhammānudhammapaṭipadā, tassā dhammānudhammapaṭipadāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sīlesu paripūrikāritāyā</span>ti pātimokkhasīlesu pāripūriṃ katvā ṭhitatāya. <span class="bld">Indriyesu guttadvāratāyā</span>ti ‘‘cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā’’tiādinā (dī. ni. 1.213; a. ni. 3.16; ma. ni. 2.24; cūḷani. mettagūmāṇavapucchāniddesa 18) nayena vuttesu manacchaṭṭhesu indriyesu sugopitadvārabhāvassa. <span class="bld">Bhojane mattaññutāyā</span>ti paṭiggahaṇādīsu pamāṇayuttatāya. Alaṃsāṭakādiṃ muñcitvā mitabhojanatāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Jāgariyānuyogassā</span>ti ‘‘divasaṃ caṅkamena nisajjāya āvaraṇīyehi dhammehī’’ti (a. ni. 3.16; ma. ni. 2.24) evamādinā nayena pañca jāgaraṇadhamme anuyogassa. <span class="bld">Satisampajaññassā</span>ti <a name="P1.0066"></a> sabbakammaṭṭhānabhāvanānuyuttānaṃ sabbayogīnaṃ sabbadā upakārakassa satisampajaññassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Satipaṭṭhānāna</span>nti ārammaṇesu okkantitvā pakkanditvā upaṭṭhānato paṭṭhānaṃ, satiyeva paṭṭhānaṃ satipaṭṭhānaṃ. Kāyavedanācittadhammesu panassā asubhadukkhāniccānattākāragahaṇavasena <a name="M0.0056"></a> subhasukhaniccattasaññāpahānakiccasādhanavasena ca pavattito catudhā pabhedo hoti, tesaṃ catunnaṃ satipaṭṭhānānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Catunnaṃ sammappadhānāna</span>nti padahanti etenāti padhānaṃ, sobhanaṃ padhānaṃ sammappadhānaṃ, sammā vā padahanti etenāti sammappadhānaṃ, sobhanaṃ vā taṃ kilesavirūpattavirahato, padhānañca hitasukhanipphādakaṭṭhena seṭṭhabhāvāvahanato, padhānabhāvakaraṇato cāti sammappadhānaṃ, vīriyassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Uppannuppannānaṃ anuppannuppannānañca catunnaṃ akusalakusalānaṃ pahānānuppattiuppādaṭṭhitikiccasādhanavasena pavattito panassa catudhā pabhedo hoti, tesaṃ catunnaṃ sammappadhānānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Catunnaṃ iddhipādāna</span>nti ettha chandavīriyacittavīmaṃsāsu ekeko ijjhatīti iddhi, samijjhati <a name="V0.0051"></a> nipphajjatīti attho. Ijjhanti vā etāya sattā iddhā vuddhā ukkaṃsagatā hontīti iddhi. Paṭhamena atthena iddhiyeva pādoti iddhipādo, iddhikoṭṭhāsoti attho. Dutiyena atthena iddhiyā pādoti iddhipādo, pādoti patiṭṭhā adhigamupāyoti attho. Tena hi yasmā uparūparivisesasaṅkhātaṃ iddhiṃ pajjanti pāpuṇanti, tasmā pādoti vuccati. Tesaṃ catunnaṃ iddhipādānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sattannaṃ bojjhaṅgāna</span>nti bodhiyā, bodhissa vā aṅgāti bojjhaṅgā. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti, yā esā dhammasāmaggī yāya lokuttaramaggakkhaṇe uppajjamānāya līnuddhaccapatiṭṭhānāyūhanakāmasukhattakilamathānuyogaucchedasassatābhinivesādīnaṃ anekesaṃ upaddavānaṃ paṭipakkhabhūtāya satidhammavicayavīriyapītipassaddhisamādhiupekkhāsaṅkhātāya dhammasāmaggiyā ariyasāvako bujjhatīti katvā ‘‘bodhī’’ti <a name="P1.0067"></a> vuccati, <span class="bld">bujjhatī</span>ti kilesasantānaniddāya uṭṭhahati, cattāri vā ariyasaccāni paṭivijjhati, nibbānameva vā sacchikaroti, tassā dhammasāmaggisaṅkhātāya bodhiyā aṅgātipi bojjhaṅgā jhānaṅgamaggaṅgādīni viya. Yo panesa yathāvuttappakārāya etāya dhammasāmaggiyā bujjhatīti katvā ariyasāvako ‘‘bodhī’’ti vuccati, tassa bodhissa aṅgātipi bojjhaṅgā senaṅgarathaṅgādayo viya. Tenāhu <a name="M0.0057"></a> aṭṭhakathācariyā ‘‘bujjhanakassa puggalassa aṅgāti bojjhaṅgā’’ti. Tesaṃ sattannaṃ bojjhaṅgānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ariyassa aṭṭhaṅgikassa maggassā</span>ti ariyoti taṃtaṃmaggavajjhakilesehi ārakattā ariyabhāvakarattā ariyaphalapaṭilābhakarattā ca ariyo. Aṭṭhaṅgāni assāti aṭṭhaṅgiko. Svāyaṃ caturaṅgikā viya senā, pañcaṅgikaṃ viya ca tūriyaṃ aṅgamattameva hoti, aṅgavinimutto natthi. Nibbānaṃ maggati, kilese vā mārento gacchatīti maggo, tassa ariyassa aṭṭhaṅgikassa maggassa bhāvanānuyogassa. <span class="bld">Imesaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammāna</span>nti vuttappakārānaṃ lokiyalokuttarakusaladhammānaṃ. <span class="bld">Antarāyāyā</span>ti lokuttarakusaladhammānaṃ antarāyāya antaradhānāya lokiyakusaladhammānaṃ pariccāgāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tesu lokuttarakusaladhammānaṃ uppajjituṃ appadānaṭṭhena <span class="bld">parissayā</span> nāma. Te hi uppajjitvā nirujjhamānā upaddavaṃ nāvahanti. <span class="bld">Tatthete</span>ti tasmiṃ attabhāve ete. <span class="bld">Pāpakā</span>ti lāmakā. <span class="bld">Attabhāvasannissayā</span>ti attabhāvaṃ upanissāya ārammaṇaṃ katvā uppajjantīti attabhāvasannissayā. <span class="bld">Dake</span>ti udake.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vuttaṃ</span> <a name="V0.0052"></a> <span class="bld">heta</span>nti kathitañhi etaṃ. <span class="bld">Sāntevāsiko</span>ti antevāsikasaṅkhātena kilesena saha vasatīti sāntevāsiko. <span class="bld">Sācariyako</span>ti samudācaraṇasaṅkhātena kilesena saha vasatīti sācariyako.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā</span>ti cakkhuviññāṇena rūpaṃ passitvā. Upari <span class="bld">sotena saddaṃ sutvā</span>tiādīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Uppajjantī</span>ti samudācaranti. <span class="bld">Sarasaṅkappā</span>ti nānārammaṇe saṃsaraṇavasena uppannā parikappā. <span class="bld">Saṃyojaniyā</span>ti ārammaṇabhāvaṃ <a name="P1.0068"></a> upagantvā saṃyojanasambandhanena saṃyojanānaṃ hitā. <span class="bld">Tyassā</span>ti te pāpakā assa puggalassa. <span class="bld">Anto vasantī</span>ti abbhantare citte nivasanti. <span class="bld">Anvāsavantī</span>ti kilesasantānaṃ anugantvā bhusaṃ savanti anubandhanti. <span class="bld">Te na</span>nti taṃ puggalaṃ ete akusalā dhammā. <span class="bld">Samudācarantī</span>ti sammā ācaranti pavattantīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kilissanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">malā</span>. Sattuatthena <span class="bld">amittā</span>. Veriatthena <span class="bld">sapattā</span>. Hananaṭṭhena <span class="bld">vadhakā</span>. Paccāmittaṭṭhena <span class="bld">paccatthikā</span>. Atha vā <span class="bld">malā</span> sūriyassopakkilesavalāhakā viya. <span class="bld">Amittā</span> sūriyassa dhūmaṃ viya. Sapattā <a name="M0.0058"></a> sūriyassa himaṃ viya. <span class="bld">Vadhakā</span> sūriyassa rajaṃ viya. <span class="bld">Paccatthikā</span> sūriyassa rāhu viya. <span class="bld">‘‘Malā</span> suvaṇṇassa malaṃ viya cittappabhānāsakā. <span class="bld">Amittā</span> kāḷalohamalaṃ viya citte siniddhabhāvanāsakā, <span class="bld">sapattā</span> yuganaddhaṃ yujjhantā sapattā viya citte patiṭṭhitadhammadhaṃsakā. <span class="bld">Vadhakā</span> manussaghātakā viya dhammaghātakā. <span class="bld">Paccatthikā</span> raññā upagatassa vināso viya mokkhamaggassa paṭisedhakā’’ti evameke vaṇṇayanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anatthajanano</span>ti na atthaṃ anatthaṃ, taṃ anatthaṃ uppādetīti anatthajanano. Ko so? Lobho. <span class="bld">Cittappakopano</span>ti cittassa pakopano calano, kusalaṃ nivāretvā cittaṃ rundhatīti attho. <span class="bld">Bhayamantarato jāta</span>nti abbhantare attano citteyeva jātaṃ, anatthajananādibhayahetu. <span class="bld">Taṃ jano nāvabujjhatī</span>ti taṃ bhayaṃ bālamahājano avagantvā otaritvā na jānāti. <span class="bld">Attha</span>nti luddho puggalo lokiyalokuttaraatthaṃ na jānāti. <span class="bld">Dhamma</span>nti tassa hetuṃ. <span class="bld">Andhatama</span>nti bahalandhakāraṃ. <span class="bld">Ya</span>nti yasmā, yaṃ naraṃ vā. <span class="bld">Sahate</span>ti abhibhavati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ajjhatta</span>nti sakasantāne. <span class="bld">Uppajjamānā uppajjantī</span>ti pubbantato uddhaṃ uppajjamānā ahitāya uppajjanti dukkhāya<a name="P1.0069"></a>. Tadubhayena aphāsuvihārāya. <span class="bld">Ahitāyā</span>ti cetasikadukkhatthāya. <span class="bld">Dukkhāyā</span>ti kāyikadukkhatthāya. <span class="bld">Aphāsuvihārāyā</span>ti tadubhayena na sukhavihāratthāya. Atha vā <span class="bld">‘‘uppajjamānā uppajjantī</span>ti bhavaṅgacalanato paṭṭhāya yāva voṭṭhabbanā, tāva <a name="V0.0053"></a> uppajjamānā nāma. Voṭṭhabbanaṃ pana patvā anivattanabhāvena uppajjanti nāmā’’ti evameke vaṇṇayanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tacasāraṃva samphala</span>nti attano phalena nāsitaṃ tacasārasaṅkhātaṃ veḷu viya. <span class="bld">Aratī</span>ti kusalesu dhammesu ukkaṇṭhitatā. <span class="bld">Ratī</span>ti pañcakāmaguṇe abhirati. <span class="bld">Lomahaṃso</span>ti kaṇṭakasadiso hutvā uddhaggalomo. <span class="bld">Itonidānā</span>ti ayaṃ attabhāvo nidānaṃ paccayo etesanti itonidānā. <span class="bld">Itojā</span>ti ito attabhāvato jātā. <span class="bld">Ito samuṭṭhāya manovitakkā</span>ti yathā dīghasuttakena pāde baddhaṃ kākaṃ kumārakā tassa suttassa pariyantaṃ aṅguliṃ veṭhetvā ossajjanti, so dūraṃ <a name="M0.0059"></a> gantvāpi puna tesaṃ pādamūleyeva patati, evameva ito attabhāvato samuṭṭhāya pāpavitakkā cittaṃ ossajjanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Sāntevāsiko’’tiādikaṃ paṭhamasuttaṃ kilesena sahavāsaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. ‘‘Tayome, bhikkhave, antarāmalā’’tiādikaṃ dutiyaṃ kusaladhammamalīnakaraṇavasena atthānatthassa ajānanavasena ca. ‘‘Tayo kho, mahārāja, purisassa dhammā ajjhattaṃ uppajjamānā’’tiādikaṃ tatiyaṃ attano nissayaghātanavasena. ‘‘Rāgo ca doso ca itonidānā’’tiādikaṃ catutthaṃ kilesānaṃ patiṭṭhādassanavasena vuttanti ñātabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tato tato parissayato</span>ti tamhā tamhā upaddavā. <span class="bld">Taṃ puggala</span>nti vuttappakārakilesasamaṅgīpuggalaṃ. <span class="bld">Dukkhaṃ anvetī</span>ti dukkhaṃ anu eti mātu pacchato khīrapivako viya. <span class="bld">Anugacchatī</span>ti samīpaṃ gacchati coraghātako viya vajjhappattassa<a name="P1.0070"></a>. <span class="bld">Anvāyikaṃ hotī</span>ti sampattaṃ hoti dhammaganthikāya paricchedo viya. <span class="bld">Jātidukkha</span>nti jātisaddassa tāva aneke atthā paveditā. Yathā –</p>
<p class="gatha1">Bhavo kulaṃ nikāyo ca, sīlaṃ paññatti lakkhaṇaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Pasūti sandhi cevāti, jātiatthā paveditā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā hissa ‘‘ekampi jātiṃ dvepi jātiyo’’tiādīsu (pārā. 12; dī. ni. 1.31; ma. ni. 2.257) bhavo attho. ‘‘Akkhitto anupakkuṭṭho jātivādenā’’ti (dī. ni. 1.303) ettha kulaṃ. ‘‘Atthi, visākhe, nigaṇṭhā nāma samaṇajātī’’ti (a. ni. 3.71) ettha nikāyo. ‘‘Yatohaṃ, bhagini, ariyāya jātiyā jāto nābhijānāmī’’ti <a name="V0.0054"></a> (ma. ni. 2.351) ettha ariyasīlaṃ. ‘‘Tiriyā nāma tiṇajāti nābhiyā uggantvā nabhaṃ āhacca ṭhitā ahosī’’ti (a. ni. 5.196) ettha paññatti. ‘‘Jāti dvīhi khandhehi saṅgahitā’’ti (dhātu. 71) ettha saṅkhatalakkhaṇaṃ. ‘‘Sampatijāto, ānanda, bodhisatto’’ti (dī. ni. 2.31; ma. ni. 3.207) ettha pasūti. ‘‘Bhavapaccayā jātī’’ti (mahāva. 1; udā. 1; ma. ni. 1.403; saṃ. ni. 2.53; vibha. 225; kathā. 450) ca, ‘‘jātipi dukkhā’’ti (mahāva. 14; vibha. 190; dī. ni. 2.387; ma. ni. 2.373; saṃ. ni. 5.1081; paṭi. ma. 2.30) ca ettha pariyāyato paṭisandhikkhaṇo, nippariyāyato pana tattha tattha nibbattamānānaṃ sattānaṃ ye ye khandhā pātubhavanti, tesaṃ tesaṃ paṭhamapātubhāvo jāti nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kasmā <a name="M0.0060"></a> panesā jāti dukkhāti ce? Anekesaṃ dukkhānaṃ vatthubhāvato. Anekāni hi dukkhāni. Seyyathidaṃ – dukkhadukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadukkhaṃ saṅkhāradukkhaṃ paṭicchannadukkhaṃ appaṭicchannadukkhaṃ pariyāyadukkhaṃ nippariyāyadukkhanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha kāyikacetasikā dukkhavedanā sabhāvato ca nāmato ca dukkhattā <span class="bld">‘‘dukkhadukkha’’</span>nti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sukhavedanā vipariṇāmena dukkhuppattihetuto <span class="bld">vipariṇāmadukkhaṃ</span>. Upekkhāvedanā ceva avasesā ca tebhūmakā saṅkhārā udayabbayapīḷitattā <span class="bld">saṅkhāradukkhaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kaṇṇasūladantasūlarāgajapariḷāhadosamohajapariḷāhādi <a name="P1.0071"></a> kāyikacetasiko ābādho pucchitvā jānitabbato upakkamassa ca apākaṭabhāvato <span class="bld">paṭicchannadukkhaṃ</span>. Apākaṭadukkhantipi vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dvattiṃsakammakāraṇādisamuṭṭhāno ābādho apucchitvāva jānitabbato upakkamassa ca pākaṭabhāvato <span class="bld">appaṭicchannadukkhaṃ</span>. Pākaṭadukkhantipi vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ṭhapetvā dukkhadukkhaṃ sesaṃ dukkhasaccavibhaṅge āgataṃ jātiādi sabbampi tassa tassa dukkhassa vatthubhāvato <span class="bld">pariyāyadukkhaṃ</span>. Dukkhadukkhaṃ pana <span class="bld">nippariyāyadukkha</span>nti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatrāyaṃ <a name="V0.0055"></a> jāti yaṃ taṃ <span class="bld">bālapaṇḍitasuttādīsu</span> (ma. ni. 3.246 ādayo) bhagavatāpi upamāvasena pakāsitaṃ āpāyikaṃ dukkhaṃ, yañca sugatiyampi manussaloke gabbhokkantimūlakādibhedaṃ dukkhaṃ uppajjati, tassa vatthubhāvato dukkhā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatridaṃ gabbhokkantimūlakādibhedaṃ dukkhaṃ – ayañhi satto mātukucchimhi nibbattamāno na uppalapadumapuṇḍarikādīsu nibbattati, atha kho heṭṭhā āmāsayassa upari pakkāsayassa udarapaṭalapiṭṭhikaṇṭakānaṃ vemajjhe paramasambādhe tibbandhakāre nānākuṇapagandhaparibhāvite asuciparamaduggandhapavanavicarite adhimattajegucche kucchippadese pūtimacchapūtikummāsacandanikādīsu kimi viya nibbattati. So tattha nibbatto dasa māse mātukucchisambhavena usmanā puṭapākaṃ viya paccamāno piṭṭhapiṇḍi viya sediyamāno samiñjanapasāraṇādivirahito <a name="M0.0061"></a> adhimattaṃ dukkhaṃ paccanubhotīti, idaṃ tāva <span class="bld">gabbhokkantimūlakaṃ</span> dukkhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yaṃ pana so mātu sahasā upakkhalanagamananisīdanavuṭṭhānaparivattanādīsu surādhuttahatthagato eḷako viya ahituṇḍikahatthagato sappapotako viya ca ākaḍḍhanaparikaḍḍhanaodhunanaddhunanādinā upakkamena adhimattaṃ dukkhaṃ anubhavati, yañca mātu sītudakapānakāle sītanarakupapanno viya uṇhayāgubhattādiajjhoharaṇakāle aṅgāravuṭṭhisamparikiṇṇo viya loṇambilādiajjhoharaṇakāle khārāpaṭicchakādikammakāraṇapatto viya tibbaṃ dukkhaṃ anubhoti, idaṃ <span class="bld">gabbhapariharaṇamūlakaṃ</span> dukkhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yaṃ <a name="P1.0072"></a> panassa mūḷhagabbhāya mātuyā mittāmaccasuhajjādīhipi adassanārahe dukkhuppattiṭṭhāne chedanaphālanādīhi dukkhaṃ uppajjati, idaṃ <span class="bld">gabbhavipattimūlakaṃ</span> dukkhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yaṃ vijāyamānāya mātuyā kammajehi vātehi parivattetvā narakapapātaṃ viya atibhayānakaṃ yonimaggaṃ paṭipātiyamānassa paramasambādhena ca yonimukhena tāḷacchiggaḷena viya mahānāgassa nikaḍḍhiyamānassa narakasattassa viya ca saṅghātapabbatehi vicuṇṇiyamānassa dukkhaṃ uppajjati, idaṃ <span class="bld">vijāyanamūlakaṃ</span> dukkhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yaṃ pana jātassa taruṇavaṇasadisasukhumālasarīrassa hatthaggahaṇanhāpanadhovanacoḷaparimajjanādikāle sūcimukhakhuradhārāhi vijjhanaphālanasadisaṃ dukkhaṃ uppajjati, idaṃ mātukucchito <span class="bld">bahinikkhamanamūlakaṃ</span> dukkhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yaṃ <a name="V0.0056"></a> pana tato paraṃ pavattiyaṃ attanāva attānaṃ vadhentassa acelakavatādivasena ātāpanaparitāpanānuyogamanuyuttassa kodhavasena abhuñjantassa ubbandhantassa ca dukkhaṃ hoti, idaṃ <span class="bld">attūpakkamamūlakaṃ</span> dukkhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yaṃ pana parato vadhabandhanādīni anubhavantassa dukkhaṃ uppajjati, idaṃ <span class="bld">parūpakkamamūlakaṃ</span> dukkhanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Iti imassa sabbassāpi dukkhassa ayaṃ jāti vatthumeva hoti, idaṃ <span class="bld">jātidukkhaṃ</span> anveti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Jarādukkha</span>nti <a name="M0.0062"></a> duvidhā jarā – saṅkhatalakkhaṇañca khaṇḍiccādisammato santatiyaṃ ekabhavapariyāpanno khandhapurāṇabhāvo ca, sā idha adhippetā. Sā panesā dukkhā saṅkhāradukkhabhāvato ceva dukkhavatthuto ca. Yaṃ hidaṃ aṅgapaccaṅgasithilabhāvato indriyavikāravirūpatā yobbanavināsabalūpaghātasatimativippavāsaparaparibhavādianekapaccayaṃ kāyikacetasikaṃ dukkhamuppajjati, jarā tassa vatthu. Tenetaṃ vuccati –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Aṅgānaṃ <a name="P1.0073"></a> sithilabhāvā, indriyānaṃ vikārato;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Yobbanassa vināsena, balassa upaghātato.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Vippavāsā satādīnaṃ, puttadārehi attano;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Appasādanīyato ceva, bhiyyo bālattapattiyā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Pappoti dukkhaṃ yaṃ macco, kāyikaṃ mānasaṃ tathā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sabbametaṃ jarāhetu, yasmā tasmā jarā dukhā’’ti. (vibha. aṭṭha. 192; visuddhi. 2.542);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idaṃ jarādukkhaṃ anvetīti sambandho. <span class="bld">Byādhī</span>ti vividhaṃ dukkhaṃ ādahati vidahatīti byādhi. Byādhayati tāpayati kampayatīti vā <span class="bld">byādhi</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Maraṇadukkha</span>nti etthāpi duvidhaṃ maraṇaṃ saṅkhatalakkhaṇañca, yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ ‘‘jarāmaraṇaṃ dvīhi <a name="V0.0057"></a> khandhehi saṅgahita’’nti (dhātu. 71). Ekabhavapariyāpannajīvitindriyapabandhavicchedo ca, yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ ‘‘niccaṃ maraṇato bhaya’’nti (su. ni. 581; jā. 1.11.88). Taṃ idha adhippetaṃ. Jātipaccayā maraṇaṃ upakkamamaraṇaṃ sarasamaraṇaṃ āyukkhayamaraṇaṃ puññakkhayamaraṇantipi tasseva nāmaṃ. Puna khaṇikamaraṇaṃ sammutimaraṇaṃ samucchedamaraṇanti ayampi bhedo veditabbo. Pavatte rūpārūpadhammānaṃ bhedo <span class="bld">khaṇikamaraṇaṃ</span> nāma. Tisso mato phusso matoti idaṃ paramatthato sattassa abhāvā, sassaṃ mataṃ, rukkho matoti idampi jīvitindriyassa abhāvā <span class="bld">sammutimaraṇaṃ</span> nāma. Khīṇāsavassa appaṭisandhikā kālakiriyā <span class="bld">samucchedamaraṇaṃ</span> nāma. Bāhirasammutimaraṇaṃ ṭhapetvā itaraṃ sammutimaraṇañca idha yathāvuttappabandhavicchedanabhāvena saṅgahitaṃ, dukkhassa pana vatthubhāvato dukkhaṃ. Tenetaṃ vuccati –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Pāpassa <a name="M0.0063"></a> pāpakammādi-nimittamanupassato;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Bhaddassāpasahantassa, viyogaṃ piyavatthukaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Mīyamānassa yaṃ dukkhaṃ, mānasaṃ avisesato.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Sabbesañcāpi <a name="P1.0074"></a> yaṃ sandhi-bandhanacchedanādikaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Vitujjamānamammānaṃ, hoti dukkhaṃ sarīrajaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Asayhamappatikāraṃ, dukkhassetassidaṃ yato;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Maraṇaṃ vatthu tenetaṃ, dukkhamicceva bhāsita’’nti. (vibha. aṭṭha. 193; visuddhi. 2.543);</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsadukkha</span>nti ettha sokādīsu <span class="bld">soko</span> nāma ñātibyasanādīhi phuṭṭhassa antonijjhānalakkhaṇo cittasantāpo. Dukkho panassa dukkhadukkhattā ceva dukkhassa ca vatthubhāvato. Tenetaṃ vuccati –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Sattānaṃ hadayaṃ soko, sallaṃ viya vitujjati;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Aggitattova nārāco, bhusañca ḍahate puna.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Samāvahati <a name="V0.0058"></a> ca byādhi-jarāmaraṇabhedanaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Dukkhampi vividhaṃ yasmā, tasmā dukkhoti vuccatī’’ti. (vibha. aṭṭha. 194; visuddhi. 2.544);</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paridevo</span> nāma ñātibyasanādīhi phuṭṭhassa vacīpalāpo. Dukkho panassa saṃsāradukkhabhāvato dukkhavatthuto ca. Tenetaṃ vuccati –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yaṃ sokasallavihato paridevamāno, kaṇṭhoṭṭhatālutalasosajamappasayhaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Bhiyyodhimattamadhigacchatiyeva dukkhaṃ, dukkhoti tena bhagavā paridevamāhā’’ti. (vibha. aṭṭha. 195; visuddhi. 2.545);</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dukkhaṃ</span> nāma kāyapīḷanalakkhaṇaṃ kāyikaṃ dukkhaṃ. Dukkhaṃ panassa dukkhadukkhattā ceva mānasadukkhāvahanato ca. Tenetaṃ vuccati –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Pīḷeti kāyikamidaṃ, dukkhaṃ dukkhañca mānasaṃ bhiyyo;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Janayati yasmā tasmā, dukkhanti visesato vutta’’nti. (vibha. aṭṭha. 196-197; visuddhi. 2.546);</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Domanassaṃ</span> <a name="P1.0075"></a><a name="M0.0064"></a> nāma cittapīḷanalakkhaṇaṃ mānasaṃ dukkhaṃ. Dukkhaṃ panassa dukkhadukkhattā ceva kāyikadukkhāvahanato ca. Cetodukkhasamappitā hi kese pakiriya kandanti, urāni patipisenti, āvaṭṭanti, vivaṭṭanti, chinnapapātaṃ papatanti, satthaṃ āharanti, visaṃ khādanti, rajjuyā ubbandhanti, aggiṃ pavisanti, nānappakāraṃ dukkhaṃ anubhavanti. Tenetaṃ vuccati –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Pīḷeti yato cittaṃ, kāyassa ca pīḷanaṃ samāvahati;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Dukkhanti domanassampi, domanassaṃ tato ahū’’ti. (vibha. aṭṭha. 196-197; visuddhi. 2.547);</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upāyāso</span> nāma ñātibyasanādīhi phuṭṭhassa adhimattacetodukkhappabhāvito dosoyeva. <span class="bld">Saṅkhārakkhandhapariyāpanno eko dhammo</span>ti eke. Dukkho panassa saṅkhāradukkhabhāvato cittaṃ paridahanato kāyassa vihananato ca. Tenetaṃ vuccati –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Cittassa <a name="V0.0059"></a> ca paridahanā, kāyassa vihananato ca adhimattaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Yaṃ dukkhamupāyāso, janeti dukkho tato vutto’’ti. (vibha. aṭṭha. 198; visuddhi. 2.548);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca mandagginā antobhājane pāko viya <span class="bld">soko,</span> tikkhagginā paccamānassa bhājanato bahi nikkhamanaṃ viya <span class="bld">paridevo,</span> bahi nikkhantāvasesassa nikkhamitumpi appahontassa antobhājaneyeva yāva parikkhayā pāko viya <span class="bld">upāyāso</span> daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nerayikaṃ dukkha</span>nti niraye pañcavidhabandhanādikaṃ dukkhaṃ anveti, taṃ devadūtasuttena dīpetabbaṃ. Tenetaṃ vuccati –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Jāyetha no ce narakesu satto, tatthaggidāhādikamappasayhaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Labhetha dukkhaṃ nu kuhiṃ patiṭṭhaṃ, iccāha dukkhāti munīdha jāti’’nti. (vibha. aṭṭha. 191; visuddhi. 2.541);</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tiracchānayonikaṃ</span> <a name="P1.0076"></a> <span class="bld">dukkha</span>nti tiracchānesu kasāpatodatāḷanavijjhanādikaṃ anekavidhaṃ dukkhaṃ anveti, taṃ bālapaṇḍitasuttato gahetabbaṃ. Tenetaṃ vuccati –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Dukkhaṃ <a name="M0.0065"></a> tiracchesu kasāpatodadaṇḍābhighātādibhavaṃ anekaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Yaṃ taṃ kathaṃ tattha bhaveyya jātiṃ, vinā tahiṃ jāti tatopi dukkhā’’ti. (vibha. aṭṭha. 191; visuddhi. 2.541);</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pettivisayikaṃ dukkha</span>nti petesu pana khuppipāsa vātātapādinibbattaṃ dukkhañca lokantare tibbandhakāre asayhasītādidukkhañca anveti. Tenetaṃ vuccati –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Petesu dukkhaṃ pana khuppipāsāvātātapādippabhavaṃ vicittaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Yasmā ajātassa na tattha atthi, tasmāpi dukkhaṃ muni jātimāha.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Tibbandhakāre <a name="V0.0060"></a> ca asayhasīte, lokantare yaṃ asuresu dukkhaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Na taṃ bhave tattha na cassa jāti, yato ayaṃ jāti tatopi dukkhā’’ti. (vibha. aṭṭha. 191; visuddhi. 2.541);</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mānusikaṃ dukkha</span>nti manussesu vadhabandhanādikaṃ dukkhaṃ. <span class="bld">Gabbhokkantimūlakaṃ dukkha</span>nti ‘‘ayañhi satto mātukucchimhi nibbattamāno na uppalapadumapuṇḍarikādīsu nibbattatī’’tiādinā nayena yaṃ jātidukkhaṃ vuttaṃ, idaṃ tāva gabbhokkantimūlakaṃ dukkhaṃ anveti. <span class="bld">Gabbhe ṭhitimūlakaṃ dukkha</span>nti yaṃ pana ‘‘so mātu sahasā upakkhalanagamananisīdanā’’tiādinā nayena yaṃ tibbaṃ dukkhaṃ vuttaṃ, idaṃ gabbhe ṭhitimūlakaṃ dukkhaṃ anveti. <span class="bld">Gabbhā vuṭṭhānamūlakaṃ dukkha</span>nti ‘‘yaṃ panassa mūḷhagabbhāya mātuyā mittāmaccasuhajjādīhipi adassanārahe dukkhuppattiṭṭhāne’’tiādinā nayena yaṃ dukkhaṃ vuttaṃ, idaṃ <a name="P1.0077"></a> mātukucchito bahi nikkhantamūlakaṃ dukkhaṃ anveti. Tenetaṃ vuccati –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yañcāpi gūthanarake viya mātugabbhe,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Satto vasaṃ ciramato bahi nikkhamanañca;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Pappoti dukkhamatighoramidampi natthi,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Jātiṃ vinā itipi jāti ayañhi dukkhā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Kiṃ <a name="M0.0066"></a> bhāsitena bahunā nanu yaṃ kuhiñci,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Atthīdha kiñcirapi dukkhamidaṃ kadāci;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Nevatthi jātivirahe yadato mahesi,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Dukkhāti sabbapaṭhamaṃ imamāha jāti’’nti. (vibha. aṭṭha. 191; visuddhi. 2.541);</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Jātassūpanibandhakaṃ dukkha</span>nti jātassa upanibandhanaṃ nhānalepanakhādanapivanādijagganadukkhaṃ anveti. <span class="bld">Jātassa parādheyyakaṃ dukkha</span>nti parassa aññassa āyattaṃ issariyadukkhaṃ anveti. ‘‘Sabbaṃ paravasaṃ dukkha’’nti hi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Attūpakkamaṃ dukkha</span>nti yaṃ attanāva attānaṃ vadhentassa acelakavatādivasena ātāpanaparitāpanānuyogamanuyuttassa kodhavasena abhuñjantassa ubbandhantassa ca dukkhaṃ hoti, idaṃ attūpakkamaṃ dukkhaṃ anveti. <span class="bld">Parūpakkamaṃ dukkha</span>nti yaṃ parato vadhabandhanādīni anubhavantassa uppajjati, idaṃ parūpakkamaṃ dukkhaṃ anveti. <span class="bld">Dukkhadukkha</span>nti <a name="V0.0061"></a> kāyikacetasikā dukkhā vedanā sabhāvato ca nāmato ca dukkhattā dukkhadukkhaṃ, idaṃ dukkhadukkhaṃ anveti. <span class="bld">Saṅkhāradukkha</span>nti upekkhāvedanā ceva avasesā ca tebhūmakasaṅkhārā udayabbayapīḷitattā saṅkhāradukkhaṃ, idaṃ saṅkhāradukkhaṃ anveti. <span class="bld">Vipariṇāmadukkha</span>nti sukhavedanā vipariṇāmadukkhassa hetuto vipariṇāmadukkhaṃ, idaṃ vipariṇāmadukkhaṃ anveti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mātumaraṇa</span>nti <a name="P1.0078"></a> mātuyā maraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Pitumaraṇa</span>nti pituno maraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhātumaraṇa</span>nti jeṭṭhakaniṭṭhabhātūnaṃ maraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhaginimaraṇa</span>nti jeṭṭhakaniṭṭhabhaginīnaṃ maraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Puttamaraṇa</span>nti puttānaṃ maraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Dhītumaraṇa</span>nti dhītūnaṃ maraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Ñātibyasanaṃ dukkha</span>nti ñātīnaṃ byasanaṃ, corarogabhayādīhi ñātikkhayo, ñātivināsoti attho. Tena ñātibyasanena phuṭṭhassa ajjhotthaṭassa abhibhūtassa uppannaṃ dukkhaṃ ñātibyasanaṃ dukkhaṃ, taṃ ñātibyasanaṃ dukkhaṃ anveti. Sesesupi eseva nayo. Ayaṃ pana viseso – bhogānaṃ byasanaṃ <span class="bld">bhogabyasanaṃ,</span> rājacorādivasena bhogakkhayo, bhogavināsoti attho. Vuttanayena taṃ bhogabyasanaṃ dukkhaṃ anveti. <span class="bld">Rogabyasana</span>nti rogo eva byasanaṃ rogabyasanaṃ. Rogo hi ārogyaṃ byasati vināsetīti byasanaṃ, vuttanayena taṃ rogabyasanaṃ dukkhaṃ anveti. <span class="bld">Sīlabyasanaṃ dukkha</span>nti sīlassa byasanaṃ sīlabyasanaṃ, dussīlyassetaṃ nāmaṃ. Vuttanayena <a name="M0.0067"></a> taṃ sīlabyasanaṃ dukkhaṃ anveti. Sammādiṭṭhiṃ vināsayamānā uppannā diṭṭhiyeva byasanaṃ <span class="bld">diṭṭhibyasanaṃ,</span> vuttanayena taṃ diṭṭhibyasanaṃ dukkhaṃ anveti. Ettha ca purimāni dve anipphannāni, pacchimāni tīṇi nipphannāni tilakkhaṇāhatāni. Purimāni ca tīṇi neva kusalāni nākusalāni. Sīladiṭṭhibyasanadvayaṃ akusalaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yathā</span>ti opamme. <span class="bld">Bhinnaṃ nāva</span>nti sithilabandhanaṃ nāvaṃ, jajjarībhūtaṃ vā padarugghāṭimaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Dakamesi</span>nti udakadāyiṃ udakappavesaniṃ. <span class="bld">Tato tato udakaṃ anvetī</span>ti tato tato bhinnaṭṭhānato udakaṃ pavisati. <span class="bld">Puratopī</span>ti nāvāya purimabhāgatopi. <span class="bld">Pacchatopī</span>ti tassā pacchimabhāgatopi. <span class="bld">Heṭṭhatopī</span>ti adhobhāgatopi. <span class="bld">Passatopī</span>ti ubhayapassatopi. Yaṃ antarantarā na vuttaṃ, taṃ pāṭhānusārena veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tasmā <a name="P1.0079"></a> kāyagatāsatiādibhāvanāya jantu, sadā sato hutvā vikkhambhanasamucchedavasena rūpādīsu vatthukāmesu sabbappakārampi kilesakāmaṃ parivajjento kāmāni parivajjeyya. Evaṃ te kāme pahāya tappahānakaramaggeneva catubbidhampi oghaṃ tareyya tarituṃ sakkuṇeyya. Tato yathā puriso garukaṃ nāvaṃ udakaṃ siñcitvā lahukāya nāvāya appakasireneva pāragū bhaveyya pāraṃ <a name="V0.0062"></a> gaccheyya, evamevaṃ attabhāvanāvaṃ kilesūdakagarukaṃ siñcitvā lahukena attabhāvena pāragū bhaveyya. Sabbadhammapāraṃ nibbānaṃ gato bhaveyya, arahattappattiyā gaccheyya anupādisesāya nibbānadhātuyā parinibbānenāti arahattanikūṭena desanaṃ niṭṭhāpesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā jātiādikaṃ dukkhaṃ etaṃ puggalaṃ anveti, tasmā. <span class="bld">Taṃkāraṇā taṃhetū</span>tiādīsupi eseva nayo. Yasmā vuttappakāradukkhaṃ etaṃ anveti, taṃhetu. Yasmā anveti tappaccayā, yasmā anveti taṃnidānanti evaṃ padayojanā kātabbā. <span class="bld">Hetū</span>tiādīni kāraṇavevacanāni. Kāraṇañhi tena tassa phalaṃ hinoti pavattatīti hetu. Taṃ taṃ paṭicca phalaṃ eti pavattatīti <span class="bld">paccayo</span>. ‘‘Handa naṃ gaṇhathā’’ti dassentaṃ viya attano phalaṃ nidetīti <span class="bld">nidānaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Taṃkāraṇā</span>ti akāraṇanikkāraṇapaṭisedho. <span class="bld">Taṃhetū</span>ti ahetumahābhūtahetupaṭisedho. <span class="bld">Tappaccayā</span>ti appaccayena saddhiṃ asādhāraṇapaccayapaṭisedho<a name="M0.0068"></a>. <span class="bld">Taṃnidānā</span>ti anidānena saha āgamādhigamanidānapaṭisedho’’ti evameke vaṇṇayanti. <span class="bld">Etaṃ ādīnavaṃ sampassamāno</span>ti etaṃ vuttappakāraṃ upaddavaṃ vipassanāñāṇena sammā passamāno dakkhamāno.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sadā</span>ti mūlapadaṃ. Puna <span class="bld">sadā</span>ti atthapadaṃ. <span class="bld">Sadā</span>ti sabbadivase. <span class="bld">Sabbadā</span>ti sabbasmiṃ kāle. <span class="bld">Sabbakāla</span>nti pubbaṇhādisabbakālaṃ. <span class="bld">Niccakāla</span>nti divase divase. <span class="bld">Dhuvakāla</span>nti abbocchinnakālaṃ. <span class="bld">Satata</span>nti nirantaraṃ. <span class="bld">Samita</span>nti ekībhūtaṃ. <span class="bld">Abbokiṇṇa</span>nti aññena asammissaṃ. <span class="bld">Poṅkhānupoṅkha</span>nti paṭipāṭiyā ghaṭitaṃ ‘‘poṅkhānupoṅkhaṃ avirādhitaṃ <a name="P1.0080"></a> upaṭṭhātī’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 5.1115) viya. <span class="bld">Udakūmikajāta</span>nti nibbattaudakaūmitaraṅgaṃ viya. <span class="bld">Avīcī</span>ti aviraḷaṃ. <span class="bld">Santatī</span>ti anupacchinnaṃ. <span class="bld">Sahita</span>nti ghaṭitaṃ ekībhūtaṃ vā ‘‘sahitaṃ me, asahitaṃ te’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 1.202) viya. <span class="bld">Phassita</span>nti phusitaṃ ‘‘nivāte phusitaggale’’tiādīsu viya. <span class="bld">Purebhattaṃ pacchābhatta</span>nti dve padāni divākālavibhāgavasena. <span class="bld">Purimaṃ yāmaṃ majjhimaṃ yāmaṃ pacchimaṃ yāma</span>nti tīṇi rattivibhāgavasena. <span class="bld">Kāḷe juṇhe</span>ti aḍḍhamāsavasena. <span class="bld">Vasse…pe… gimhe</span>ti tīṇi utuvasena. <span class="bld">Purime vayokhandhe…pe… pacchime vayokhandhe</span>ti tīṇi vayovibhāgavasena vuttānīti ñātabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sato</span>ti catūhi kāraṇehi sato. ‘‘Kāye kāyānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānaṃ bhāvento sato’’tiādīni ‘‘evaṃ samucchedato kāme parivajjeyyā’’ti pariyosānāni vuttatthāneva. Api <a name="V0.0063"></a> ca <span class="bld">sattattā sato</span>ti tīsu vatthūsu sattabhāvena vā tayo kilese paṭikkamāpetuṃ sattibhāvena vā satattā <span class="bld">sato. Santattā</span>ti kilesopakkilese palāpetvā ṭhānena ca ārammaṇena ca pamocetvā santattā <span class="bld">sato. Samitattā</span>ti iṭṭhaphaladāyakapuññena ca aniṭṭhaphaladāyakapāpena ca samitattā <span class="bld">sato. Santadhammasamannāgato</span>ti sappurisadhamme bhajanato buddhādiariyapuggale sevanato santadhammasamannāgatattā <span class="bld">sato</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vatthukāme parijānitvā</span>ti ete vuttappakāre tebhūmake vatthukāme tīraṇapariññāya jānitvā. <span class="bld">Pahāyā</span>ti kilesakāme pahānapariññāya <a name="M0.0069"></a> pariccajitvā. <span class="bld">Pajahitvā</span>ti chaḍḍetvā. Kiṃ kacavaraṃ viya piṭakenāti? Na hi, api ca kho taṃ vinodetvā taritvā vijjhitvā nīharitvā. Kiṃ balibaddamiva patodenāti<a name="P1.0081"></a>? Na hi, atha kho taṃ <span class="bld">byantiṃ karitvā</span> vigatantaṃ karitvā. Yathāssa antopi nāvasissati, antamaso bhaṅgamattampi, tathā taṃ karitvā. Kathaṃ pana taṃ tathā katanti? <span class="bld">Anabhāvaṃ gahetvā</span> anu abhāvaṃ gametvā. Samucchedappahānena yathā samucchinnā hoti, tathā karitvāti vuttaṃ hoti. Esa nayo kāmacchandanīvaraṇādīsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāmogha</span>ntiādīsu pañcakāmaguṇikarāgo avasīdanaṭṭhena ‘‘kāmogho’’ti vuccati. <span class="bld">Bhavogho</span>ti rūpārūpabhavesu chandarāgo jhānanikanti ca. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhogho</span>ti sassatadiṭṭhādisahagatā bhave patthanāyeva, diṭṭhogho bhavoghe eva samodhānaṃ gacchati. Avijjogho catūsu saccesu aññāṇaṃ. Tattha kāmaguṇe assādato manasi karoto anuppanno ca kāmogho uppajjati, uppanno ca kāmogho saṃvaḍḍhati. Mahaggatadhamme assādato manasi karoto anuppanno ca bhavogho uppajjati, uppanno ca saṃvaḍḍhati. Tebhūmakadhammesu catuvipallāsapadaṭṭhānabhāvena anuppanno ca avijjogho uppajjati, uppanno ca saṃvaḍḍhatīti veditabbo. Vuttanayapaccanīkato sukkapakkho vitthāretabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Appaṇihitavimokkhaṃ paṭipanno <span class="bld">kāmoghaṃ,</span> animittavimokkhaṃ paṭipanno <span class="bld">bhavoghaṃ,</span> suññatavimokkhaṃ paṭipanno <span class="bld">avijjoghañca</span> tareyya. Paṭhamamaggavasena <span class="bld">tareyya,</span> dutiyamaggavasena <span class="bld">uttareyya,</span> tatiyamaggavasena <span class="bld">patareyya,</span> catutthamaggavasena <span class="bld">samatikkameyya,</span> phalavasena <span class="bld">vītivatteyyā</span>ti. Atha vā ‘‘kāmoghavasena <span class="bld">tareyya,</span> bhavoghavasena <span class="bld">uttareyya,</span> diṭṭhoghavasena <span class="bld">patareyya,</span> avijjoghavasena <span class="bld">samatikkameyya,</span> sabboghavasena <span class="bld">vītivatteyyā’’</span>ti evameke vaṇṇayanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Garuka</span>nti na sallahukaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhārika</span>nti bhārabhaṇḍaṃ ettha ṭhapayantīti bhārikaṃ. <span class="bld">Udakaṃ sitvā</span>ti <a name="V0.0064"></a> udakaṃ <a name="P1.0082"></a> siñcitvā. <span class="bld">Osiñcitvā</span>ti atirekaṃ siñcitvā. <span class="bld">Chaḍḍetvā</span>ti pātetvā. <span class="bld">Lahukāyā</span>ti sallahukāya. <span class="bld">Khippa</span>nti sīghaṃ. <span class="bld">Lahu</span>nti taṃkhaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Appakasirenevā</span>ti nidukkheneva. <span class="bld">Pāraṃ vuccati amataṃ nibbāna</span>nti sakkāyaorato pārabhūtaṃ pāraṃ. Taṇhāvānato nikkhantaṃ nibbānaṃ <a name="M0.0070"></a> kathīyati. <span class="bld">Yoso</span>ti yo eso. <span class="bld">Sabbasaṅkhārasamatho</span>tiādi sabbaṃ nibbānameva. Yasmā hi taṃ āgamma sabbasaṅkhāravipphanditāni samanti vūpasamanti, tasmā ‘‘sabbasaṅkhārasamatho’’ti vuccati. Yasmā cetaṃ āgamma sabbe upadhayo paṭinissaṭṭhā honti, sabbā taṇhā khīyanti, sabbe kilesarajjā virajjanti, sabbaṃ dukkhaṃ nirujjhati, tasmā ‘‘sabbūpadhipaṭinissaggo, taṇhakkhayo, virāgo, nirodho’’ti vuccati. Yā panesā taṇhā bhavena bhavaṃ, phalena vā saddhiṃ kammaṃ vinati saṃsibbatīti katvā vānanti vuccati, tato nikkhantaṃ vānatoti nibbānaṃ. <span class="bld">Pāraṃ gaccheyya</span> nimittavasena ekato vuṭṭhānagotrabhuñāṇena nibbānapāraṃ pāpuṇeyya. <span class="bld">Adhigaccheyya</span> nimittapavattehi ubhatovuṭṭhānamaggañāṇena nibbānapāraṃ visesena pāpuṇeyya. <span class="bld">Phuseyya</span> nibbānārammaṇaphalacittavasena nibbānapāraṃ phuseyya. <span class="bld">Sacchikareyya</span> guṇavasena phusitvā paccavekkhaṇañāṇena nibbānapāraṃ paccakkhaṃ kareyya. Atha vā ‘‘paṭhamamaggena <span class="bld">pāraṃ gaccheyya,</span> dutiyena <span class="bld">adhigaccheyya,</span> tatiyena <span class="bld">phuseyya,</span> catutthena <span class="bld">sacchi kareyyā’’</span>ti evameke vaṇṇayanti. <span class="bld">Yopi pāraṃ gantukāmo</span>ti yo koci vipassanāñāṇe ṭhito puggalo nibbānapāraṃ gantukāmo, sopi avassaṃ tattha gamissatīti <span class="bld">pāragū</span>. Vuttañhetaṃ – ‘‘otiṇṇomhi jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehī’’tiādi<a name="P1.0083"></a>. Pubbabhāge ajjhāsayavasena vipassanāyogena ca, sopi pāragū nāma. <span class="bld">Yopi pāraṃ gacchatī</span>ti yopi maggasamaṅgī nibbānapāraṃ gacchati, sopi pāragū nāma. <span class="bld">Yopi pāraṃ gato</span>ti yopi maggena kiccaṃ niṭṭhāpetvā phale ṭhito nibbānapāraṅgato, sopi pāragū nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Taṃ jinavacanena dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vuttampi hetaṃ bhagavatā – tiṇṇo pāraṅgato thale tiṭṭhati brāhmaṇo’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Abhiññāpāragū</span>ti adhigatena ñāṇena ñātapariññāya nibbānapāraṃ gantukāmo gacchati, gatoti pāragū. <span class="bld">Pariññāpāragū</span>ti sabbadhammānaṃ tīraṇapariññāya samatikkamitvā vuttanayena pāragū. <span class="bld">Pahānapāragū</span>ti samudayapakkhikānaṃ kilesānaṃ pahānapariññāya samatikkamitvā vuttanayena pāragū. Yo hi sabbadhammaṃ parijānāti, so tīhi pariññāhi parijānāti ñātapariññāya tīraṇapariññāya pahānapariññāyāti. Tattha katamā ñātapariññā? Sabbadhammaṃ jānāti ‘‘ime ajjhattikā, ime bāhirā, idamassa lakkhaṇaṃ, imāni rasapaccupaṭṭhānapadaṭṭhānānī’’ti, ayaṃ <a name="M0.0071"></a> <span class="bld">ñātapariññā</span>. Katamā tīraṇapariññā? Evaṃ ñātaṃ katvā labbhamānavasena sabbadhammaṃ tīreti ‘‘aniccato dukkhato rogato’’tiādinā (saṃ. ni. 3.122), ayaṃ <a name="V0.0065"></a> <span class="bld">tīraṇapariññā</span>. Katamā pahānapariññā? Evaṃ tīrayitvā aggamaggena dhammesu chandarāgaṃ pajahati, ayaṃ <span class="bld">pahānapariññā</span>ti. Imā pariññāyo sandhāya ‘‘so abhiññāpāragū pariññāpāragū pahānapāragū’’ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhāvanāpāragū</span>ti bhāvanāya koṭiṃ patvā maggavasena nibbānapāraṃ gato. <span class="bld">Sacchikiriyāpāragū</span>ti phalanibbānavasena sacchi kiriyāphalanibbānapāraṃ gato. <span class="bld">Samāpattipāragū</span>ti aṭṭhannaṃ samāpattīnaṃ pāraṃ patto. <span class="bld">Sabbadhammāna</span>nti pañcakkhandhādisabbadhammānaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbadukkhāna</span>nti jātidukkhādisabbadukkhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbakilesāna</span>nti kāyaduccaritādisabbakilesānaṃ. <span class="bld">Ariyamaggāna</span>nti sotāpattimaggādicatunnaṃ ariyamaggānaṃ<a name="P1.0084"></a>. <span class="bld">Nirodhassā</span>ti nibbānassa. <span class="bld">Sabbasamāpattīna</span>nti sabbāsampi aṭṭhannaṃ rūpārūpasamāpattīnaṃ. <span class="bld">So</span>ti so ariyo. <span class="bld">Vasippatto</span>ti vasībhāvappatto. Atha vā kantabhāvaṃ issariyabhāvaṃ nipphannabhāvaṃ patto. <span class="bld">Pāramippatto</span>ti pāramīti avasānaṃ niṭṭhānaṃ, uttamabhāvaṃ vā taṃ patto. Kattha pattoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ariyasmiṃ sīlasmi’’</span>ntiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">ariyasmiṃ sīlasmi</span>nti niddose sīlasmiṃ. <span class="bld">Ariyasmiṃ samādhismi</span>nti niddose samādhismiṃ. <span class="bld">Ariyāya paññāyā</span>ti niddosāya paññāya. <span class="bld">Ariyāya vimuttiyā</span>ti niddosāya phalavimuttiyā. Purimena vācākammantājīvā gahitā, dutiyena vāyāmasatisamādhayo gahitā, tatiyena vitakkasammādiṭṭhiyo gahitā, catutthena taṃsampayuttā sesadhammā gahitāti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Antagato</span>ti maggena saṅkhāralokantaṃ gato. <span class="bld">Antappatto</span>ti tameva lokantaṃ phalena patto. <span class="bld">Koṭigato</span>ti maggena saṅkhārakoṭiṃ gato. <span class="bld">Koṭippatto</span>ti tameva koṭiṃ phalena patto. <span class="bld">Pariyantagato</span>ti maggena khandhāyatanādilokapariyantaṃ paricchedaṃ parivaṭumaṃ katvā gato. <span class="bld">Pariyantappatto</span>ti tameva lokaṃ phalena pariyantaṃ katvā patto. <span class="bld">Vosānagato</span>ti maggena avasānaṃ gato. <span class="bld">Vosānappatto</span>ti phalena avasānaṃ patto. <span class="bld">Tāṇagato</span>ti maggena tāyanaṃ gato. <span class="bld">Tāṇappatto</span>ti phalena tāyanaṃ patto. <span class="bld">Leṇagato</span>ti maggena nilīyanaṃ gato. <span class="bld">Leṇappatto</span>ti taṃ phalena nilīyanaṃ patto. <span class="bld">Saraṇagato</span>ti maggena patiṭṭhaṃ gato. <span class="bld">Saraṇappatto</span>ti phalena saraṇaṃ patto<a name="M0.0072"></a>. <span class="bld">Abhayagato</span>ti maggena nibbhayaṃ gato. <span class="bld">Abhayappatto</span>ti phalena nibbhayaṃ nibbānaṃ patto. <span class="bld">Accutagato</span>ti cutivirahitaṃ nibbānaṃ maggena gato. <span class="bld">Accutappatto</span>ti taṃ phalena patto. <span class="bld">Amatagato</span>ti maraṇarahitaṃ nibbānaṃ maggena gato. <span class="bld">Amatappatto</span>ti taṃ phalena patto. <span class="bld">Nibbānagato</span>ti taṇhāvānato nikkhantaṃ nibbānaṃ maggena gato. <span class="bld">Nibbānappatto</span>ti tameva phalena patto. <span class="bld">So</span> <a name="P1.0085"></a> <span class="bld">vuṭṭhavāso</span>ti so arahā dasasu ariyavāsesu vasi parivasi vuṭṭho vuṭṭhāti ca vuṭṭhavāso. <span class="bld">Ciṇṇacaraṇo</span>ti sīlena saha aṭṭhasu samāpattīsu ciṇṇavasīti ciṇṇacaraṇo. <span class="bld">Gataddho</span>ti saṃsāraddhānaṃ <a name="V0.0066"></a> atikkanto. <span class="bld">Gatadiso</span>ti supinantenapi agatapubbaṃ nibbānadisaṃ gato. <span class="bld">Gatakoṭiko</span>ti anupādisesanibbānakoṭiṃ gato hutvā ṭhito. <span class="bld">Pālitabrahmacariyo</span>ti rakkhitabrahmacariyo. <span class="bld">Uttamadiṭṭhippatto</span>ti uttamaṃ sammādiṭṭhiṃ patto. <span class="bld">Paṭividdhākuppo</span>ti akuppaṃ acalanaṃ arahattaphalaṃ paṭivijjhitvā ṭhito. <span class="bld">Sacchikatanirodho</span>ti nirodhaṃ nibbānaṃ sacchikatvā ṭhito.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dukkhaṃ tassa pariññāta</span>nti tividhaṃ dukkhaṃ tena samatikkamitvā paricchinnaṃ. <span class="bld">Abhiññeyya</span>nti sabhāvalakkhaṇāvabodhavasena sobhanena ākārena jānitabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Abhiññāta</span>nti adhikena ñāṇena ñātaṃ. <span class="bld">Pariññeyya</span>nti sāmaññalakkhaṇāvabodhavasena kiccasamāpannavasena ca byāpitvā parijānitabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Pariññāta</span>nti samantato ñātaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhāvetabba</span>nti vaḍḍhetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Sacchikātabba</span>nti paccakkhaṃ kātabbaṃ. Duvidhā hi sacchikiriyā paṭilābhasacchikiriyā ārammaṇasacchikiriyā cāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ukkhittapaligho</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">paligho</span>ti vaṭṭamūlikā avijjā. Ayañhi dukkhipanaṭṭhena ‘‘paligho’’ti vuccati. Tenesa tassā ukkhittattā ‘‘ukkhittapaligho’’ti vutto. <span class="bld">Saṃkiṇṇaparikho</span>ti parikhā vuccati punabbhavadāyako bhavesu jāyanavasena ceva saṃsaraṇavasena ca ‘‘jātisaṃsāro’’ti laddhanāmānaṃ punabbhavakkhandhānaṃ paccayo kammābhisaṅkhāro. So hi punappunaṃ uppattikaraṇavasena parikkhipitvā ṭhitattā ‘‘parikhā’’ti vuccati. Tenesa tassā saṃkiṇṇattā vikiṇṇattā ‘‘saṃkiṇṇaparikho’’ti vutto. <span class="bld">Abbūḷhesiko</span>ti esikāti vaṭṭamūlikā taṇhā. Ayañhi gambhīrānugataṭṭhena ‘‘esikā’’ti vuccati. Tenesa tassā abbūḷhattā luñcitvā chaḍḍitattā ‘‘abbūḷhesiko’’ti <a name="M0.0073"></a> vuccati. <span class="bld">Niraggaḷo</span>ti aggaḷaṃ vuccanti orambhāgajanakāni kāmabhave uppattipaccayāni orambhāgiyāni. Etāni hi mahākavāṭaṃ viya nagaradvāraṃ cittaṃ pidahitvā ṭhitattā ‘‘aggaḷa’’nti vuccanti<a name="P1.0086"></a>. Tenesa tesaṃ niraggaḷattā bhinnattā ‘‘niraggaḷo’’ti vutto. <span class="bld">Ariyo</span>ti nikkileso parisuddho. <span class="bld">Pannaddhajo</span>ti pātitamānaddhajo. <span class="bld">Pannabhāro</span>ti khandhabhārakilesabhāraabhisaṅkhārabhārapañcakāmaguṇabhārā pannā oropitā assāti pannabhāro. Api ca idha mānabhārasseva oropitattā ‘‘pannabhāro’’ti adhippeto. <span class="bld">Visaṃyutto</span>ti catūhi yogehi sabbakilesehi ca visaṃyutto. Idha pana mānayogeneva visaṃyuttattā ‘‘visaṃyutto’’ti adhippeto.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettāvatā therena maggena kilese khepetvā nirodhasayanavaragatassa khīṇāsavassa nibbānārammaṇaṃ <a name="V0.0067"></a> phalasamāpattiṃ appetvā viharaṇakālo dassito. Yathā hi dve nagarāni ekaṃ coranagaraṃ, ekaṃ khemanagaraṃ. Atha ekassa mahāyodhassa evaṃ icchā uppajjeyya ‘‘yāvimaṃ coranagaraṃ tiṭṭhati, tāva khemanagaraṃ bhayato na muccati. Coranagaraṃ anagaraṃ karissāmī’’ti sannāhaṃ katvā khaggaṃ gahetvā coranagaraṃ upasaṅkamitvā nagaradvāre ussāpite esikatthambhe khaggena chinditvā saddhiṃ dvārabāhāhi kavāṭaṃ bhinditvā palighaṃ ukkhipitvā pākāraṃ bhindanto parikhaṃ saṃkiritvā nagarasobhanatthāya ussāpite dhaje pātetvā nagaraṃ agginā jhāpetvā khemanagaraṃ pavisitvā uparipāsādamāruyha ñātigaṇaparivuto surasabhojanaṃ bhuñjeyya. Evaṃ coranagaraṃ viya sakkāyo, khemanagaraṃ viya nibbānaṃ, mahāyodho viya yogāvacaro. Tassevaṃ hoti ‘‘yāva sakkāyavaṭṭaṃ vaṭṭati, tāva dvattiṃsakammakāraṇehi aṭṭhanavutirogehi pañcavīsatimahabbhayehi ca parimuccanaṃ natthī’’ti. So mahāyodho viya sannāhaṃ sīlasannāhaṃ katvā paññātiṇhakhaggaṃ gahetvā khaggena esikatthambhe viya arahattamaggena taṇhesikaṃ chinditvā, so yodho sadvārabāhakaṃ nagarakavāṭaṃ viya pañcorambhāgiyasaṃyojanaggaḷaṃ ugghoṭetvā, so yodho palighaṃ viya avijjāpalighaṃ ukkhipitvā, so yodho pākāraṃ bhindanto parikhaṃ <a name="P1.0087"></a> viya kammābhisaṅkhārapākāraṃ bhindanto jātisaṃsāraparikhaṃ saṃkiritvā, so yodho nagarasobhanatthāya ussāpite dhaje viya mānaddhaje <a name="M0.0074"></a> pātetvā sakkāyanagaraṃ jhāpetvā, so yodho khemanagaraṃ pavisitvā uparipāsāde surasabhojanaṃ bhuñjanto viya nibbānanagaraṃ pavisitvā amatanirodhārammaṇaṃ phalasamāpattisukhaṃ anubhavamāno kālaṃ vītināmeti. Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā (a. ni. 5.71) –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ukkhittapaligho hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno avijjā pahīnā hoti ucchinnamūlā tālāvatthukatā anabhāvaṃkatā āyatiṃ anuppādadhammā. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ukkhittapaligho hoti.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu saṃkiṇṇaparikho hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno ponobhaviko jātisaṃsāro pahīno hoti…pe… evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu saṃkiṇṇaparikho hoti.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu abbūḷhesiko hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno taṇhā pahīnā hoti…pe… evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu abbūḷhesiko hoti.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Kathañca<a name="V0.0068"></a>, bhikkhave, bhikkhu niraggaḷo hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno pañcorambhāgiyāni saṃyojanāni pahīnāni honti…pe… evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu niraggaḷo hoti.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ariyo pannaddhajo pannabhāro visaṃyutto hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno asmimāno pahīno hoti ucchinnamūlo tālāvatthukato anabhāvaṃkato āyatiṃ anuppādadhammo. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ariyo pannaddhajo pannabhāro visaṃyutto hoti (a. ni. 5.71).</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Evaṃ vimuttacittaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhuṃ saindā devā sabrahmakā sapajāpatikā anvesaṃ nādhigacchanti ‘idaṃnissitaṃ tathāgatassa viññāṇa’’’nti (ma. ni. 1.246).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pañcaṅgavippahīno</span>ti kāmacchandādipañcaṅgāni vividhehi upāyehi pajahitvā ṭhito. Vuttañhetaṃ –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Kathañcāvuso<a name="M0.0075"></a>, bhikkhu pañcaṅgavippahīno hoti? Idhāvuso, bhikkhuno kāmacchando pahīno hoti, byāpādo pahīno hoti, thinamiddhaṃ pahīnaṃ hoti, uddhaccakukkuccaṃ pahīnaṃ hoti, vicikicchā pahīnā <a name="P1.0088"></a> hoti. Evaṃ kho, āvuso, bhikkhu pañcaṅgavippahīno hotī’’ti (dī. ni. 3.348, 360).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Chaḷaṅgasamannāgato</span>ti channaṃ aṅgānaṃ pūretvā chasu dvāresu rūpādiārammaṇe paṭighānunayaṃ vajjetvā upekkhāvasena sato sampajāno hutvā viharaṇavasena chaḷaṅgāni pūretvā paripuṇṇaṃ katvā ṭhitattā ‘‘chaḷaṅgasamannāgato’’ti vutto. Vuttañhetaṃ –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Kathañcāvuso, bhikkhu chaḷaṅgasamannāgato hoti? Idhāvuso, bhikkhu cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā neva sumano hoti na dummano, upekkhako viharati sato sampajāno. Sotena saddaṃ sutvā…pe… ghānena gandhaṃ ghāyitvā, jivhāya rasaṃ sāyitvā, kāyena phoṭṭhabbaṃ phusitvā, manasā dhammaṃ viññāya neva sumano hoti na dummano, upekkhako viharati sato sampajāno. Evaṃ kho, āvuso, bhikkhu chaḷaṅgasamannāgato hotī’’ti (dī. ni. 3.348, 360).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekārakkho</span>ti <a name="V0.0069"></a> satiārakkhena eko uttamo ārakkho assāti ekārakkho. Vuttañhetaṃ –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Kathañcāvuso, bhikkhu ekārakkho hoti? Idhāvuso, bhikkhu satārakkhena cetasā samannāgato viharati. Evaṃ kho, āvuso, bhikkhu ekārakkho hotī’’ti (dī. ni. 3.348, 360).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Caturāpasseno</span>ti paññāya paṭisevanaparivajjanavinodanapajahanānaṃ vasena catunnaṃ apassayānaṃ ito cito ca aparivattamānānaṃ vasena caturāpasseno, tesaṃ pāpuṇitvā ṭhito. Vuttañhetaṃ –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Kathañcāvuso, bhikkhu caturāpasseno hoti? Idhāvuso, bhikkhu saṅkhāyekaṃ paṭisevati, saṅkhāyekaṃ parivajjeti. Saṅkhāyekaṃ <a name="M0.0076"></a> vinodeti, saṅkhāyekaṃ pajahatī’’tiādinā (dī. ni. 3.348, 360) nayena vitthāretabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṇunnapaccekasacco</span>ti ‘‘idameva dassanaṃ saccaṃ, idameva sacca’’nti evaṃ pāṭiekkaṃ gahitattā paccekasaṅkhātāni diṭṭhisaccāni paṇunnāni nihaṭāni pahīnāni assāti paṇunnapaccekasacco.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samavayasaṭṭhesano</span>ti ettha avayāti anūnā. Saṭṭhāti vissaṭṭhā. Sammā avayā saṭṭhā esanā assāti samavayasaṭṭhesano. Sammā vissaṭṭhasabbaesanoti attho. <span class="bld">Kevalī</span>ti <a name="P1.0089"></a> paripuṇṇo. <span class="bld">Vusitavā</span>ti vusitabrahmacariyo, garusaṃvāse ariyamaggepi dasasu ariyavāsesupi vusitavanto. <span class="bld">Uttamapuriso</span>ti khīṇakilesattā visesapuriso ājaññapuriso. <span class="bld">Paramapuriso</span>ti uttamapuriso, paramaṃ vā paṭilābhaṃ pattattā uttamaṃ pattabbaṃ arahattapaṭilābhaṃ patto anuttarapuññakkhettabhūto uttamapuriso, tenevatthena paramapuriso. Anuttaraṃ samāpattiṃ samāpajjituṃ amataṃ paṭilābhaṃ pattattā <span class="bld">paramapattippatto</span>. Atha vā ‘‘gharāvāse ādīnavaṃ sañjānitvā sāsanapavisanavasena <span class="bld">uttamapuriso</span>. Attabhāve ādīnavaṃ sañjānitvā vipassanāpavisanavasena <span class="bld">paramapuriso</span>. Kilese ādīnavaṃ sañjānitvā ariyabhūmantaraṃ paviṭṭho <span class="bld">paramapattippatto</span>ti evameke vaṇṇayanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nevācinatī</span>ti <a name="V0.0070"></a> kusalākusalānaṃ pahīnattā tesaṃ vipākaṃ na vaḍḍheti. <span class="bld">Nāpacinatī</span>ti phale ṭhitattā na viddhaṃseti. <span class="bld">Apacinitvā ṭhito</span>ti paṭippassaddhipahāne ṭhitattā kilese viddhaṃsetvā ṭhito. Ito paraṃ tīhipi padehi maggaphalavaseneva yojetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Neva pajahatī</span>ti pahātabbābhāvena kilese na pajahati. <span class="bld">Na upādiyatī</span>ti taṇhāmānadiṭṭhīhi gahetabbābhāvato tehi na gaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Pajahitvā ṭhito</span>ti cajitvā ṭhito. <span class="bld">Neva saṃsibbatī</span>ti taṇhāvasena neva saṃsibbati. <span class="bld">Na ussinetī</span>ti mānavasena na ukkaṃsati. <span class="bld">Visinitvā ṭhito</span>ti taṇhāsaṃsīvanaṃ akatvā ṭhitoti evameke vaṇṇayanti. <span class="bld">Neva vidhūpetī</span>ti kilesaggiṃ na nibbāpeti. <span class="bld">Na sandhūpetī</span>ti kilesaggiṃ na jālāpeti. <span class="bld">Vidhūpetvā ṭhito</span>ti taṃ nibbāpetvā ṭhito.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Asekkhena</span> <a name="P1.0090"></a><a name="M0.0077"></a> <span class="bld">sīlakkhandhenā</span>ti sikkhitabbābhāvena asekkhena vācākammantājīvasīlakkhandhena sīlarāsinā samannāgatattā ṭhito, aparihīnabhāvena ṭhito. <span class="bld">Samādhikkhandhenā</span>ti vāyāmasatīhi sampayuttena samādhinā. <span class="bld">Vimuttikkhandhenā</span>ti phalavimuttisampayuttakkhandhena. <span class="bld">Vimuttiñāṇadassanakkhandhenā</span>ti paccavekkhaṇañāṇena. <span class="bld">Saccaṃ sampaṭipādiyitvā</span>ti catuariyasaccaṃ sabhāvavasena sakasantāne sampādiyitvā paṭivijjhitvā ṭhito. <span class="bld">Ejaṃ samatikkamitvā</span>ti kampanataṇhaṃ atikkamitvā. <span class="bld">Kilesaggi</span>nti rāgādikilesaggiṃ. <span class="bld">Pariyādiyitvā</span>ti khepetvā nibbāpetvā. <span class="bld">Aparigamanatāyā</span>ti saṃsāre agamanabhāvena punāgamanābhāvenāti attho. <span class="bld">Kaṭaṃ samādāyā</span>ti jayaggāhaṃ gahetvā. <span class="bld">Muttipaṭisevanatāyā</span>ti sabbakilesehi muccitvā rūpādiārammaṇasevanavasena. Atha vā sabbakilesehi muttaphalasamāpattisevanavasena. <span class="bld">Mettāya pārisuddhiyā</span>ti upakkilesamuttāya parisuddhabhāve ṭhitāya mettāya ṭhito. <span class="bld">Karuṇā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Accantapārisuddhiyā</span>ti atikkantaparisuddhabhāvena parisuddhiyā antaṃ pāpuṇitvā ṭhito. <span class="bld">Atammayatāyā</span>ti taṇhādiṭṭhimānā ‘‘tammayā’’ti vuccanti. Tesaṃ abhāvo atammayatā, tāya taṇhādiṭṭhimānavirahitatāya ṭhito. Vuttañhetaṃ –</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘So tādiso lokavidū sumedho, sabbesu dhammesu atammayo munī’’ti (a. ni. 3.40). Etthāpi taṇhāmānadiṭṭhivirahitoti attho. <span class="bld">Vimuttattā</span>ti sabbakilesehi muttabhāvena. <span class="bld">Santussitattā</span>ti yathālābhayathābalayathāsāruppasantosavasena santuṭṭhabhāvena ṭhito.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Khandhapariyante</span>ti <a name="P1.0091"></a> ekacatupañcakkhandhānaṃ tīhi pariññaggīhi jhāpetvā ante avasāne ṭhito<a name="V0.0071"></a>, natthi etassa antoti vā pariyantaṃ, tasmiṃ pariyante. <span class="bld">Dhātupariyantā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo. Ayaṃ pana viseso – <span class="bld">dhātupariyante</span>ti aṭṭhārasannaṃ dhātūnaṃ pariyante. <span class="bld">Āyatanapariyante</span>ti dvādasannaṃ āyatanānaṃ. <span class="bld">Gatipariyante</span>ti nirayādipañcannaṃ gatīnaṃ. <span class="bld">Upapattipariyante</span>ti sugatiduggatīsu nibbattiyā. <span class="bld">Paṭisandhipariyante</span>ti kāmarūpārūpabhavesu paṭisandhiyā<a name="M0.0078"></a>. <span class="bld">Bhavapariyante</span>ti ekavokāracatupañcasaññāasaññānevasaññānāsaññākāmarūpaarūpabhavānaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṃsārapariyante</span>ti khandhadhātuāyatanānaṃ abbocchinnapavattiyā. <span class="bld">Vaṭṭapariyante</span>ti kammavipākakilesavaṭṭānaṃ pariyante. <span class="bld">Antime bhave</span>ti avasāne upapattibhave. <span class="bld">Antime samussaye ṭhito</span>ti avasāne samussaye sarīre ṭhito. <span class="bld">Antimadehadharo</span>ti antimaṃ avasānadehaṃ sarīraṃ dhāretīti antimadehadharo. <span class="bld">Arahā</span>ti ārakattā arīnaṃ, arānañca hatattā, paccayādīnaṃ arahattā, pāpakaraṇe rahābhāvā arahā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tassāyaṃ pacchimako</span>ti tassa khīṇāsavassa ayaṃ samussayo attabhāvo avasāno. <span class="bld">Carimo</span>ti appo mando carimo ālopo, carimaṃ kabaḷaṃ viya. Puna paṭisandhiyā natthibhāvaṃ sandhāya <span class="bld">‘‘jātimaraṇasaṃsāro, natthi tassa punabbhavo’’</span>ti āha. Jananaṃ jāti, maranti tenāti maraṇaṃ, khandhādīnaṃ abbocchinnā saṃsārapavatti ca tassa khīṇāsavassa puna natthīti vuttaṃ gāthaṃ nigamento āha <span class="bld">tenāha bhagavā</span> –</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Tasmā jantu…pe… nāvaṃ sitvāva pāragū’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Imasmiṃ sutte yaṃ antarantarā na vuttaṃ, taṃ pāṭhānusārena gahetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Saddhammappajjotikāya mahāniddesaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Kāmasuttaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter">2. Guhaṭṭhakasuttaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para7"></a><span class="paranum">7</span>. Dutiye <a name="V0.0072"></a><a name="P1.0092"></a> – <span class="bld">satto</span>ti laggo. <span class="bld">Guhāya</span>nti kāye. Kāyo hi rāgādīnaṃ vāḷānaṃ vasanokāsato ‘‘guhā’’ti vuccati. <span class="bld">Bahunābhichanno</span>ti bahunā rāgādikilesajātena abhicchanno. Etena ajjhattabandhanaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Tiṭṭha</span>nti rāgādivasena tiṭṭhanto. <span class="bld">Mohanasmiṃ pagāḷho</span>ti mohanaṃ vuccati kāmaguṇo. Ettha hi devamanussā muyhanti tesu ajjhogāḷhā hutvā; etena bāhirabandhanaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Dūre vivekā hi tathāvidho so</span>ti so tathārūpo naro tividhāpi kāyavivekādivivekā dūre<a name="M0.0079"></a>, anāsanne. Kiṃkāraṇā? <span class="bld">Kāmā hi loke na hi suppahāyā</span>ti yasmā loke kāmā suppahāyā na honti, tasmāti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sattoti hi kho vutta</span>nti ‘‘satto, naro, mānavo’’ti evamādinā nayena kathitoyeva. <span class="bld">Guhā tāva vattabbā</span>ti guhā tāva kathetabbā. <span class="bld">Kāyoti vā</span>tiādīsu ayaṃ tāva padayojanā – kāyo iti vā guhā iti vā…pe… kumbho iti vāti. Tattha <span class="bld">kāyo</span>ti ‘‘kucchitānaṃ āyoti kāyo’’tiādinā heṭṭhā satipaṭṭhānakathāyaṃ vuttoyeva. Rāgādivāḷānaṃ vasanokāsaṭṭhena <span class="bld">guhā,</span> ‘‘paṭicchādanaṭṭhenā’’tipi eke. ‘‘Dūraṅgamaṃ ekacaraṃ, asarīraṃ guhāsaya’’ntiādīsu (dha. pa. 37) viya. Rāgādīhi jhāpanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">deho</span> ‘‘te hitvā mānusaṃ deha’’ntiādīsu (dī. ni. 2.332 thokaṃ visadisaṃ) viya. Pamattakaraṇaṭṭhena <span class="bld">sandeho</span> ‘‘bhijjati pūtisandeho, maraṇantañhi jīvita’’ntiādīsu (dha. pa. 148) viya. Saṃsāre <a name="P1.0093"></a> sañcaraṇaṭṭhena <span class="bld">nāvā</span> ‘‘siñca bhikkhu imaṃ nāvaṃ, sittā te lahumessatī’’tiādīsu (dha. pa. 369) viya. Iriyāpathassa atthibhāvaṭṭhena <span class="bld">ratho</span> ‘‘ratho sīlaparikkhāro, jhānakkho cakkavīriyo’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 5.4) viya. Accuggataṭṭhena <span class="bld">dhajo</span> ‘‘dhajo rathassa paññāṇa’’ntiādīsu (jā. 2.22.1841) viya.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kimikulānaṃ āvāsabhāvena <span class="bld">vammiko</span> ‘‘vammikoti kho, bhikkhu, imassetaṃ cātumahābhūtikassa <a name="V0.0073"></a> kāyassa adhivacana’’ntiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.251) viya. Yatheva hi bāhirako vammiko, vamati vantako vantussayo vantasinehasambaddhoti catūhi kāraṇehi ‘‘vammiko’’ti vuccati. So hi ahinakulaundūragharagoḷikādayo nānappakāre pāṇake vamatīti vammiko. Upacikāhi vantakoti vammiko. Upacikāhi vamitvā mukhatuṇḍakehi ukkhittapaṃsucuṇṇena kaṭippamāṇenapi porisappamāṇenapi ussitoti vammiko. Upacikāhi vantakheḷasinehena ābaddhatāya sattasattāhaṃ deve vassantepi na vippakirīyati, nidāghepi tato paṃsumuṭṭhiṃ gahetvā <a name="M0.0080"></a> tasmiṃ muṭṭhinā pīḷiyamāne sineho nikkhamati, evaṃ vantasinehena sambaddhoti vammiko. Evamayaṃ kāyopi ‘‘akkhimhā aggigūthako’’tiādinā nayena nānappakāraṃ asucikalimalaṃ vamatīti vammiko. Buddhapaccekabuddhakhīṇāsavā imasmiṃ attabhāve nikantipariyādānena attabhāvaṃ chaḍḍetvā gatāti ariyehi vantakotipi vammiko. Yehi cāyaṃ tīhi aṭṭhisatehi ussito nahārusambaddho maṃsāvalepano allacammapariyonaddho chavirañjito satte vañceti, taṃ sabbaṃ ariyehi vantamevāti vantussayotipi vammiko. ‘‘Taṇhā janeti purisaṃ, cittamassa vidhāvatī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 1.55-57) evaṃ taṇhāya janitattā ariyehi vanteneva taṇhāsinehena sambaddho ayanti vantasinehena sambaddhotipi vammiko. Yathā ca vammikassa anto nānappakārā pāṇakā tattheva jāyanti, uccārapassāvaṃ <a name="P1.0094"></a> karonti, gilānā sayanti, matā nipatanti. Iti so tesaṃ sūtigharaṃ vaccakuṭi gilānasālā susānañca hoti. Evaṃ khattiyamahāsālādīnampi kāyo ‘‘ayaṃ gopitarakkhito maṇḍitapasādito mahānubhāvānaṃ kāyo’’ti acintetvā chavinissitā pāṇā cammanissitā pāṇā maṃsanissitā pāṇā nahārunissitā pāṇā aṭṭhinissitā pāṇā aṭṭhimiñjanissitā pāṇāti evaṃ kulagaṇanāya asītimattāni kimikulasahassāni antokāyasmiṃyeva jāyanti, uccārapassāvaṃ karonti, gelaññena āturitāni sayanti, matāmatā nipatanti. Iti ayampi tesaṃ pāṇānaṃ sūtigharaṃ vaccakuṭi gilānasālā susānañca hotīti ‘‘vammiko’’ti saṅkhaṃ gato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Manāpāmanāpapatanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">nagaraṃ</span> ‘‘sakkāyanagara’’ntiādīsu viya. Rogādīnaṃ nīḷabhāvena kulāvakabhāvena <span class="bld">nīḷaṃ</span> ‘‘roganīḷaṃ pabhaṅgura’’ntiādīsu (dha. pa. 148) viya. Paṭisandhiyā nivāsagehaṭṭhena <span class="bld">kuṭi</span> ‘‘pañcadvārāyaṃ kuṭikāyaṃ pasakkiyā’’tiādīsu (theragā. 125) viya. Pūtibhāvena <span class="bld">gaṇḍo</span> ‘‘rogoti bhikkhave, gaṇḍoti bhikkhave, salloti bhikkhave, kāyassetaṃ adhivacana’’ntiādīsu (a. ni. 9.15) viya. Bhijjanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">kumbho</span> ‘‘kumbhūpamaṃ kāyamimaṃ viditvā’’tiādīsu (dha. pa. 40) viya. <span class="bld">Kāyassetaṃ adhivacana</span>nti etaṃ vuttappakāraṃ catumahābhūtamayassa kucchitadhammānaṃ āyassa adhivacanaṃ, kathananti attho. <span class="bld">Guhāya</span>nti sarīrasmiṃ<a name="V0.0074"></a><a name="M0.0081"></a>. <span class="bld">Satto</span>ti allīno. <span class="bld">Visatto</span>ti vaṇṇarāgādivasena vividho allīno. Saṇṭhānarāgavasena <span class="bld">āsatto</span>. Tattheva <a name="P1.0095"></a> ‘‘subhaṃ sukha’’nti gahaṇavasena <span class="bld">laggo</span>. Attaggahaṇavasena <span class="bld">laggito. Palibuddho</span>ti phassarāgavasena amuñcitvā ṭhito. <span class="bld">Bhittikhile</span>ti bhittiyaṃ ākoṭitakhāṇuke. <span class="bld">Nāgadante</span>ti tatheva hatthidantasadise vaṅkadaṇḍake. <span class="bld">Satta</span>nti bhittikhile laggaṃ. <span class="bld">Visatta</span>nti nāgadante laggaṃ. <span class="bld">Āsatta</span>nti cīvaravaṃse laggaṃ. <span class="bld">Lagga</span>nti cīvararajjuyā laggaṃ. <span class="bld">Laggita</span>nti pīṭhapāde laggaṃ. <span class="bld">Palibuddha</span>nti mañcapāde lagganti evamādinā nayena yojetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Lagganādhivacana</span>nti visesena allīyanakathanaṃ. <span class="bld">Channo</span>ti vuttappakārehi kilesehi chādito. Punappunaṃ uppattivasena uparūpari channoti <span class="bld">ucchanno. Āvuto</span>ti āvarito. <span class="bld">Nivuto</span>ti vārito. <span class="bld">Ophuto</span>ti avattharitvā chādito. <span class="bld">Pihito</span>ti bhājanena ukkhalimukhaṃ viya paliguṇṭhito. <span class="bld">Paṭicchanno</span>ti āvaṭo. <span class="bld">Paṭikujjito</span>ti adhomukhaṃ ṭhapito. Tattha tiṇapaṇṇādīhi chāditaṃ viya channo. Ucchanno nadiṃ āvaraṇasetu viya. Āvuto janasañcaraṇamaggāvaraṇaṃ viya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vinibaddho mānavasenā</span>ti nānāvidhena mānātimānavasena nānāvidhe ārammaṇe baddho hutvā tiṭṭhati. <span class="bld">Parāmaṭṭho diṭṭhivasenā</span>ti dvāsaṭṭhidiṭṭhīnaṃ vasena parāmaṭṭho āmasitvā gahito. <span class="bld">Vikkhepagato uddhaccavasenā</span>ti ārammaṇe asantiṭṭhanavasena cittavikkhepaṃ patto upagato. <span class="bld">Aniṭṭhaṅgato vicikicchāvasenā</span>ti ratanattayādīsu kaṅkhāsaṅkhātāya vicikicchāya vasena sanniṭṭhānaṃ appatto. <span class="bld">Thāmagato anusayavasenā</span>ti dunnīharaṇaappahīnānusayavasena thirabhāvaṃ patto upagato hutvā tiṭṭhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rūpūpaya</span>nti taṇhādiṭṭhūpayavasena rūpaṃ upagantvā ārammaṇaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Viññāṇaṃ tiṭṭhamānaṃ tiṭṭhatī</span>ti tasmiṃ ārammaṇe rūpārammaṇaṃ viññāṇaṃ tiṭṭhantaṃ tiṭṭhati. <span class="bld">Rūpārammaṇaṃ</span> <a name="P1.0096"></a> <span class="bld">rūpapatiṭṭha</span>nti rūpameva ārammaṇaṃ ālambitvā rūpameva patiṭṭhaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Nandūpasecana</span>nti sappītikataṇhodakena āsittaṃ viññāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Vuddhi</span>nti vuddhibhāvaṃ. <span class="bld">Virūḷhi</span>nti javanavasena uparito virūḷhibhāvaṃ. <span class="bld">Vepulla</span>nti tadārammaṇavasena vepullaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Atthi</span> <a name="M0.0082"></a> <span class="bld">rāgo</span>tiādīni lobhasseva nāmāni. So hi rañjanavasena <span class="bld">rāgo,</span> nandanavasena <span class="bld">nandī,</span> taṇhāyanavasena <span class="bld">taṇhā</span>ti vuccati. <span class="bld">Patiṭṭhitaṃ tattha viññāṇaṃ virūḷha</span>nti kammaṃ javāpetvā paṭisandhiākaḍḍhanasamatthatāya patiṭṭhitañceva virūḷhañca. <span class="bld">Yatthā</span>ti tebhūmakavaṭṭe bhummaṃ. Sabbattha vā purimapade etaṃ bhummaṃ. <span class="bld">Atthi tattha saṅkhārānaṃ vuddhī</span>ti idaṃ imasmiṃ vipākavaṭṭe ṭhitassa āyatiṃ <a name="V0.0075"></a> vaṭṭahetuke saṅkhāre sandhāya vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Yattha atthi āyatiṃ punabbhavābhinibbattī</span>ti yasmiṃ ṭhāne āyatiṃ punabbhavābhinibbatti atthi. Tattha purimasuttaṃ rūpādiārammaṇalagganavasena vuttaṃ, dutiyasuttaṃ tadevārammaṇaṃ abhinandanavasena vuttaṃ, tatiyaṃ viññāṇapatiṭṭhānavasena vuttaṃ, catutthaṃ catubbidhaāhāravasena, kusalākusalaviññāṇapatiṭṭhānavasena vuttanti ñātabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yebhuyyenā</span>ti pāyena. <span class="bld">Muyhantī</span>ti mohaṃ āpajjanti. <span class="bld">Sammuyhantī</span>ti visesena muyhanti. <span class="bld">Sampamuyhantī</span>ti sabbākārena muyhanti. Atha vā rūpārammaṇaṃ paṭicca <span class="bld">muyhanti,</span> saddārammaṇaṃ paṭicca <span class="bld">sammuyhanti,</span> mutārammaṇaṃ paṭicca <span class="bld">sampamuyhanti. Avijjāya andhīkatā</span>ti aṭṭhasu ṭhānesu aññāṇāya avijjāya andhīkatā. ‘‘Gatā’’ti vā pāṭho, andhabhāvaṃ upagatāti attho. <span class="bld">Pagāḷho</span>ti paviṭṭho. <span class="bld">Ogāḷho</span>ti heṭṭhābhāgaṃ paviṭṭho. <span class="bld">Ajjhogāḷho</span>ti adhiogāhitvā avattharitvā visesena paviṭṭho <span class="bld">nimuggo</span>ti adhomukhaṃ hutvā paviṭṭho. Atha vā dassanasaṃsaggena <a name="P1.0097"></a> <span class="bld">ogāḷho</span>. Savanasaṃsaggena <span class="bld">ajjhogāḷho</span>. Vacanasaṃsaggena <span class="bld">nimuggo</span>. Sappurisasaṃsaggavirahito vā <span class="bld">ogāḷho</span>. Saddhammasevanavirahito vā <span class="bld">ajjhogāḷho</span>. Dhammānudhammapaṭipattivirahito vā <span class="bld">nimuggo</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vivekā</span>ti vivitti, viviccanaṃ vā viveko. <span class="bld">Tayo</span>ti gaṇanaparicchedo. <span class="bld">Kāyaviveko</span>ti kāyena vivitti, vinā apasakkanaṃ. <span class="bld">Cittavivekā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Idha bhikkhū</span>ti imasmiṃ sāsane. Saṃsāre bhayaṃ ikkhanato bhikkhu. <span class="bld">Vivitta</span>nti suññaṃ, appasaddaṃ appanigghosanti attho. Etadeva hi sandhāya vibhaṅge ‘‘vivittanti santike cepi senāsanaṃ hoti, tañca anākiṇṇaṃ gahaṭṭhehi pabbajitehi, tena taṃ vivitta’’nti (vibha. 526) vuttaṃ. Seti ceva āsati ca etthāti senāsanaṃ, mañcapīṭhādīnametamadhivacanaṃ. Tenāha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Senāsananti <a name="M0.0083"></a> mañcopi senāsanaṃ, pīṭhampi… bhisipi… bibbohanampi… vihāropi… aḍḍhayogopi… pāsādopi… aṭṭopi… māḷopi… leṇampi… guhāpi… rukkhamūlampi… veḷugumbopi… yattha vā pana bhikkhū paṭikkamanti, sabbametaṃ senāsana’’nti (vibha. 527).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Api ca vihāro aḍḍhayogo pāsādo hammiyaṃ guhāti idaṃ <span class="bld">vihārasenāsanaṃ</span> nāma. Mañco pīṭhaṃ bhisi bibbohananti idaṃ <span class="bld">mañcapīṭhasenāsanaṃ</span> nāma. Cimilikā cammakhaṇḍo tiṇasanthāro paṇṇasanthāroti idaṃ <span class="bld">santhatasenāsanaṃ</span> nāma. Yattha vā pana bhikkhū paṭikkamanti, idaṃ <span class="bld">okāsasenāsanaṃ</span> <a name="V0.0076"></a> nāmāti evaṃ catubbidhaṃ senāsanaṃ hoti. Taṃ sabbampi senāsanaggahaṇena gahitameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idha panassa sakuṇasadisassa cātuddisassa bhikkhuno anucchavikasenāsanaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘araññaṃ rukkhamūla’’</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">arañña</span>nti ‘‘nikkhamitvā bahi indakhīlā sabbametaṃ arañña’’nti (vibha. 529) idaṃ bhikkhunīnaṃ vasena āgataṃ. ‘‘Āraññakaṃ nāma senāsanaṃ pañcadhanusatikaṃ pacchima’’nti (pārā. 654) idaṃ <a name="P1.0098"></a> pana imassa bhikkhuno anurūpaṃ. Tassa lakkhaṇaṃ visuddhimagge dhutaṅganiddese (visuddhi. 1.31) vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Rukkhamūla</span>nti yaṃkiñci santacchāyaṃ vivittaṃ rukkhamūlaṃ. <span class="bld">Pabbata</span>nti selaṃ. Tattha hi udakasoṇḍīsu udakakiccaṃ katvā sītāya rukkhacchāyāya nisinnassa nānādisāsu khāyamānāsu sītena vātena bījiyamānassa cittaṃ ekaggaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Kandara</span>nti kaṃ vuccati udakaṃ, tena dāritaṃ, udakena bhinnaṃ pabbatapadesaṃ. Yaṃ ‘‘nadītumba’’ntipi ‘‘nadīkuñja’’ntipi vadanti. Tattha hi rajatapaṭṭasadisā vālukā hoti, matthake maṇivitānaṃ viya vanagahanaṃ, maṇikhandhasadisaṃ udakaṃ sandati. Evarūpaṃ kandaraṃ oruyha pānīyaṃ pivitvā gattāni sītāni katvā vālukaṃ ussāpetvā paṃsukūlacīvaraṃ paññapetvā nisinnassa samaṇadhammaṃ karoto cittaṃ ekaggaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Giriguha</span>nti dvinnaṃ pabbatānaṃ antaraṃ, ekasmiṃyeva vā umaṅgasadisaṃ mahāvivaraṃ. Susānalakkhaṇaṃ visuddhimagge (visuddhi. 1.34) vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vanapattha</span>nti gāmantaṃ atikkamitvā manussānaṃ anupacāraṭṭhānaṃ yattha na kasanti na vapanti. Tenevāha ‘‘vanapatthanti dūrānametaṃ senāsanānaṃ adhivacana’’ntiādi (vibha. 531). <span class="bld">Abbhokāsa</span>nti acchannaṃ. Ākaṅkhamāno panettha cīvarakuṭiṃ <a name="M0.0084"></a> katvā vasati. <span class="bld">Palālapuñja</span>nti palālarāsiṃ. Mahāpalālapuñjato hi palālaṃ nikkaḍḍhitvā pabbhāraleṇasadise ālaye karonti, gacchagumbādīnampi upari palālaṃ pakkhipitvā heṭṭhā nisinnā samaṇadhammaṃ karonti. Sabbametaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ ‘‘kāyena vivitto viharatī’’tiādi. Eko caṅkamaṃ adhiṭṭhāti pavattayatīti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Iriyatī</span>ti iriyāpathaṃ vattayati. <span class="bld">Vattatī</span>ti iriyāpathavuttiṃ uppādeti. <span class="bld">Pāletī</span>ti iriyāpathaṃ rakkhati. <span class="bld">Yapetī</span>ti yapayati. <span class="bld">Yāpetī</span>ti yāpayati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭhamaṃ</span> <a name="P1.0099"></a> <span class="bld">jhānaṃ samāpannassā</span>ti kusalajjhānasamaṅgissa. <span class="bld">Nīvaraṇehi cittaṃ vivitta</span>nti upacārena nīvaraṇehi vivittampi samānaṃ antoappanāyaṃ suṭṭhu vivittaṃ nāma hotīti dassetuṃ ‘‘paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ samāpannassa nīvaraṇehi cittaṃ vivittaṃ hotī’’ti vuttaṃ. Eseva nayo vitakkavicārapītisukhadukkhehi <a name="V0.0077"></a> dutiyatatiyacatutthajjhānāni samāpannānanti. <span class="bld">Rūpasaññāyā</span>ti kusalavipākakiriyavasena pañcadasannaṃ rūpāvacarajjhānānaṃ saññāya. <span class="bld">Paṭighasaññāyā</span>ti cakkhurūpādisaṅghaṭṭanena uppannāya kusalākusalavipākavasena dvipañcaviññāṇasaṅkhātāya paṭighasaññāya ca. <span class="bld">Nānattasaññāyā</span>ti nānārammaṇe pavattāya catucattālīsakāmāvacarasaññāya ca cittaṃ vivittaṃ hoti suññaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ samāpannassā</span>ti ettha nāssa antoti anantaṃ, ākāsaṃ anantaṃ ākāsānantaṃ, ākāsānantameva ākāsānañcaṃ, taṃ ākāsānañcaṃ adhiṭṭhānaṭṭhena āyatanamassa sasampayuttadhammassa jhānassa devānaṃ devāyatanamivāti ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ, kasiṇugghāṭimākāsārammaṇajhānassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Taṃ ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ samāpannassa kusalakiriyajhānaṃ samāpannassa. <span class="bld">Rūpasaññāyā</span>ti saññāsīsena rūpāvacarajjhānato ceva tadārammaṇato ca. Rūpāvacarajjhānampi hi ‘‘rūpa’’nti vuccati ‘‘rūpī rūpāni passatī’’tiādīsu (paṭi. ma. 1.209), tassa ārammaṇampi ‘‘bahiddhā rūpāni passati suvaṇṇadubbaṇṇānī’’tiādīsupi (paṭi. ma. 1.209). Tasmā idha rūpe saññā rūpasaññāti evaṃ saññāsīsena rūpāvacarajjhānassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Rūpe saññā assāti rūpasaññaṃ, rūpamassa nāmanti vuttaṃ hoti. Evaṃ pathavīkasiṇādibhedassa tadārammaṇassa <a name="M0.0085"></a> cetaṃ adhivacananti veditabbaṃ. Etāya kusalavipākakiriyāvasena pañcadasavidhāya <a name="P1.0100"></a> jhānasaṅkhātāya rūpasaññāya. Etāya ca pathavīkasiṇādivasena aṭṭhavidhāya ārammaṇasaṅkhātāya rūpasaññāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭighasaññāyā</span>ti cakkhādīnaṃ vatthūnaṃ rūpādīnaṃ ārammaṇānañca paṭighātena samuppannā saññā paṭighasaññā, rūpasaññādīnaṃ etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Yathāha – ‘‘tattha katamā paṭighasaññā? Rūpasaññā saddasaññā gandhasaññā rasasaññā phoṭṭhabbasaññā, imā vuccanti paṭighasaññāyo’’ti (vibha. 603). Tā kusalavipākā pañca akusalavipākā pañcāti etāya paṭighasaññāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nānattasaññāyā</span>ti nānatte gocare pavattāya saññāya, nānattāya vā saññāya. Yathāha – ‘‘tattha katamā nānattasaññā? Asamāpannassa manodhātusamaṅgissa vā manoviññāṇadhātusamaṅgissa vā saññā sañjānanā sañjānitattaṃ, imā vuccanti nānattasaññāyo’’ti (vibha. 604) evaṃ vibhaṅge vibhajitvā vuttā. Tā idha adhippetā. Asamāpannassa manodhātumanoviññāṇadhātusaṅgahitā saññā rūpasaddādibhede nānatte nānāsabhāve gocare pavattanti. Yasmā cesā aṭṭha kāmāvacarakusalasaññā, dvādasa akusalasaññā, ekādasa kāmāvacarakusalavipākasaññā, dve akusalavipākasaññā<a name="V0.0078"></a>, ekādasa kāmāvacarakiriyasaññāti evaṃ catucattālīsampi saññā nānattā nānāsabhāvā aññamaññaṃ asadisā, tasmā ‘‘nānattasaññā’’ti vuttā, tāya nānattasaññāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cittaṃ vivittaṃ hotī</span>ti ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ samāpannassa rūpasaññāpaṭighasaññānānattasaññāsaṅkhātāhi saññāhi jhānacittaṃ vivittaṃ hoti vinā hoti apasakkanaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Viññāṇañcāyatana</span>nti etadeva viññāṇaṃ adhiṭṭhānaṭṭhena āyatanamassāti viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ, ākāse pavattaviññāṇārammaṇassa jhānassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Taṃ jhānaṃ samāpannassa vuttappakārāya ākāsānañcāyatanasaññāya cittaṃ vivittaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ākiñcaññāyatana</span>nti <a name="P1.0101"></a> ettha pana nāssa kiñcananti akiñcanaṃ, antamaso bhaṅgamattampi assa avasiṭṭhaṃ natthīti vuttaṃ hoti. Akiñcanassa bhāvo ākiñcaññaṃ, ākāsānañcāyatanaviññāṇāpagamassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Taṃ ākiñcaññaṃ adhiṭṭhānaṭṭhena āyatanamassāti ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ, ākāse <a name="M0.0086"></a> pavattitaviññāṇāpagamārammaṇajhānassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Taṃ ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ samāpannassa tāya viññāṇañcāyatanasaññāya cittaṃ vivittaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nevasaññānāsaññāyatana</span>nti ettha pana yāya saññāya bhāvato taṃ ‘‘nevasaññānāsaññāyatana’’nti vuccati, yathāpaṭipannassa sā saññā hoti, taṃ tāva dassetuṃ vibhaṅge (vibha. 620) ‘‘nevasaññīnāsaññī’’ti uddharitvā taññeva ‘‘ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ santato manasi karoti, saṅkhārāvasesasamāpattiṃ bhāveti, tena vuccati nevasaññīnāsaññī’’ti vuttaṃ. Tattha santato manasi karotīti ‘‘santovatāyaṃ samāpatti, yatra hi nāma natthibhāvampi ārammaṇaṃ karitvā vasatī’’ti evaṃ santārammaṇatāya naṃ ‘‘santā’’ti manasi karoti. Taṃ nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ appetvā nisinnassa tāya ākiñcaññāyatanasaññāya jhānacittaṃ suññaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sotāpannassā</span>ti sotāpattiphalaṃ pattassa. <span class="bld">Sakkāyadiṭṭhiyā</span>ti vīsativatthukāya sakkāyadiṭṭhiyā. <span class="bld">Vicikicchāyā</span>ti aṭṭhasu ṭhānesu kaṅkhāya. <span class="bld">Sīlabbataparāmāsā</span>ti ‘‘sīlena suddhi, vatena suddhī’’ti parāmasitvā uppajjanakadiṭṭhi. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhānusayā</span>ti appahīnaṭṭhena santāne anusayakā diṭṭhānusayā. Tathā <span class="bld">vicikicchānusayā. Tadekaṭṭhehi cā</span>ti tehi sakkāyadiṭṭhiādīhi ekato <a name="V0.0079"></a> ṭhitehi ca. Upatāpenti vibādhenti cāti kilesā, tehi sakkāyadiṭṭhiyādikilesehi cittaṃ vivittaṃ suññaṃ hoti. Ettha ‘‘tadekaṭṭha’’nti duvidhaṃ ekaṭṭhaṃ pahānekaṭṭhaṃ sahajekaṭṭhañca. Apāyagamanīyā hi kilesā yāva sotāpattimaggena na pahīyanti, tāva diṭṭhivicikicchāhi saha ekasmiṃ puggale ṭhitāti pahānekaṭṭhā. Dasasu hi kilesesu idha diṭṭhivicikicchā <a name="P1.0102"></a> eva āgatā. Anusayesu diṭṭhānusayavicikicchānusayā āgatā. Sesā pana apāyagamanīyo lobho doso moho māno thinaṃ uddhaccaṃ ahirikaṃ anottappanti aṭṭha kilesā diṭṭhivicikicchāhi saha pahānekaṭṭhā hutvā dvīhi anusayehi saddhiṃ sotāpattimaggena pahīyanti. Rāgadosamohapamukhesu vā diyaḍḍhesu kilesasahassesu sotāpattimaggena diṭṭhiyā pahīyamānāya diṭṭhiyā saha vicikicchā pahīnā, diṭṭhānusayavicikicchānusayehi saha apāyagamanīyā sabbakilesā pahānekaṭṭhavasena pahīyanti. Sahajekaṭṭhā <a name="M0.0087"></a> pana diṭṭhiyā saha vicikicchāya ca saha ekekasmiṃ citte ṭhitā avasesakilesā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sotāpattimaggena hi cattāri diṭṭhisahagatāni vicikicchāsahagatañcāti pañca cittāni pahīyanti. Tattha dvīsu diṭṭhisampayuttaasaṅkhārikacittesu pahīyamānesu tehi sahajāto lobho moho uddhaccaṃ ahirikaṃ anottappanti ime kilesā sahajekaṭṭhavasena pahīyanti, dvīsu diṭṭhisampayuttasasaṅkhārikacittesu pahīyamānesu tehi sahajāto lobho moho thinaṃ uddhaccaṃ ahirikaṃ anottappanti ime kilesā sahajekaṭṭhavasena pahīyanti, vicikicchāsahagatacitte pahīyamāne tena sahajāto moho uddhaccaṃ ahirikaṃ anottappanti ime kilesā sahajekaṭṭhavasena pahīyanti. Tehi duvidhekaṭṭhehi kilesehi cittaṃ vivittaṃ hotīti maggacittaṃ viviccati, phalacittaṃ vivittaṃ viyuttaṃ apasakkitaṃ suññaṃ hotīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sakadāgāmissa oḷārikā kāmarāgasaññojanā</span>ti oḷārikabhūtā kāyadvāre vītikkamassa paccayabhāvena thūlabhūtā methunarāgasaṅkhātā saññojanā. So hi kāmabhave saññojetīti ‘‘saññojana’’nti vuccati. <span class="bld">Paṭighasaññojanā</span>ti byāpādasaññojanā. So hi ārammaṇe paṭihaññatīti ‘‘paṭigha’’nti vuccati. Te eva thāmagataṭṭhena santāne anusentīti <span class="bld">anusayā. Aṇusahagatā</span>ti sukhumabhūtā kāmarāgasaññojanā paṭighasaññojanā aṇusahagatā kāmarāgānusayā paṭighānusayāti appahīnaṭṭhena santāne anusayanavasena sukhumabhūtā kāmarāgapaṭighānusayā. <span class="bld">Tadekaṭṭhehi cā</span>ti vuttatthehi duvidhekaṭṭhehi kilesehi cittaṃ vivittaṃ suññaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Arahato</span>ti <a name="P1.0103"></a> kilesārīnaṃ hatattā ‘‘arahā’’ti laddhanāmassa. <span class="bld">Rūparāgā</span>ti rūpabhave chandarāgā<a name="V0.0080"></a>. <span class="bld">Arūparāgā</span>ti arūpabhave chandarāgā. <span class="bld">Mānā</span>ti arahattamaggavajjhā mānā eva. Tathā uddhaccaavijjāmānānusayādayo arahattamaggavajjhā. Etesu uṇṇatilakkhaṇo māno. Avūpasamalakkhaṇaṃ uddhaccaṃ. Andhabhāvalakkhaṇā avijjā. Rūparāgaarūparāgavasena pavattā bhavarāgānusayā. <span class="bld">Tadekaṭṭhehi cā</span>ti tehi ekato ṭhitehi <a name="M0.0088"></a> ca kilesehi. <span class="bld">Bahiddhā ca sabbanimittehī</span>ti ajjhattacittasantāne akusalakkhandhe upādāya ‘‘bahiddhā’’ti saṅkhaṃ gatehi ajjhattaṃ muñcitvā bahiddhā pavattehi sabbasaṅkhāranimittehi maggacittaṃ viviccati vinā hoti apasakkati, phalacittaṃ vivittaṃ viyuttaṃ apasakkitaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha kilesapaṭipāṭiyā maggapaṭipāṭiyā cāti dvidhā anusayānaṃ abhāvo veditabbo. Kilesapaṭipāṭiyā hi kāmarāgānusayapaṭighānusayānaṃ tatiyamaggena abhāvo hoti, mānānusayassa catutthamaggena, diṭṭhānusayavicikicchānusayānaṃ paṭhamamaggena, bhavarāgānusayāvijjānusayānaṃ catutthamaggeneva. Maggapaṭipāṭiyā pana paṭhamamaggena diṭṭhānusayavicikicchānusayānaṃ abhāvo hoti, dutiyamaggena kāmarāgānusayapaṭighānusayānaṃ tanubhāvo, tatiyamaggena sabbaso abhāvo, catutthamaggena mānānusayabhavarāgānusayāvijjānusayānaṃ abhāvo hoti. <span class="bld">Cittaviveko</span>ti mahaggatalokuttaracittānaṃ kilesehi suññabhāvo, tucchabhāvoti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upadhiviveko</span>ti kilesakkhandhaabhisaṅkhārasaṅkhātānaṃ upadhīnaṃ suññabhāvo. Upadhiṃ tāva dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘upadhi vuccanti kilesā cā’’</span>tiādimāha. Rāgādayo yassa uppajjanti, taṃ upatāpenti vibādhentīti <span class="bld">kilesā</span> ca. Upādānagocarā rūpādayo <span class="bld">pañcakkhandhā</span> ca. Upādānasambhūtā puññāpuññaāneñjā<span class="bld">bhisaṅkhārā</span> ca. <span class="bld">Amata</span>nti natthi etassa maraṇasaṅkhātaṃ matanti amataṃ, kilesavisapaṭipakkhattā agadantipi amataṃ. Saṃsārayonigatiupapattiviññāṇaṭṭhitisattāvāsesu saṃsibbati vinatīti taṇhā ‘‘vāna’’nti vuccati, taṃ tattha natthīti <span class="bld">nibbānaṃ. Vivekaṭṭhakāyāna</span>nti <a name="P1.0104"></a> gaṇasaṅgaṇikāya apagatasarīrānaṃ. <span class="bld">Nekkhammābhiratāna</span>nti nekkhamme kāmādito nikkhante paṭhamajjhānādike abhiratānaṃ tanninnānaṃ. <span class="bld">Paramavodānappattāna</span>nti uttamaparisuddhabhāvaphalaṃ pāpuṇitvā ṭhitānaṃ. ‘‘Upakkilesābhāvena parisuddhacittānaṃ, kilesehi muttabhāvena <span class="bld">paramavodānappattānaṃ</span>. Vikkhambhanappahānena parisuddhacittānaṃ, samucchedappahānena <span class="bld">paramavodānappattāna’’</span>nti evameke vaṇṇayanti. <span class="bld">Nirūpadhīna</span>nti vigatūpadhīnaṃ. <span class="bld">Visaṅkhāragatāna</span>nti saṅkhārārammaṇaṃ cajitvā vigatasaṅkhāraṃ nibbānaṃ ārammaṇavasena upagatānaṃ. <span class="bld">Visaṅkhāragataṃ citta</span>nti etthapi hi nibbānameva ‘‘visaṅkhāra’’nti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vidūre</span>ti <a name="V0.0081"></a><a name="M0.0089"></a> vividhe dūre. <span class="bld">Suvidūre</span>ti suṭṭhu vidūre. <span class="bld">Na santike</span>ti na samīpe. <span class="bld">Na sāmantā</span>ti na ekapasse. <span class="bld">Anāsanne</span>ti anaccantasamīpe. <span class="bld">Vivekaṭṭhe</span>ti atidūre, vigateti attho. <span class="bld">Tādiso</span>ti taṃsadiso. <span class="bld">Tassaṇṭhito</span>ti tena ākārena ṭhito. <span class="bld">Tappakāro</span>ti tena pakārena ṭhito. <span class="bld">Tappaṭibhāgo</span>ti taṃkoṭṭhāsiko. Atha vā ‘‘attabhāvaguhāya laggabhāvena <span class="bld">tādiso</span>. Kilesehi channabhāvena <span class="bld">tassaṇṭhito</span>. Mohanasmiṃ pagāḷhabhāvena <span class="bld">tappakāro</span>. Tīhi vivekehi dūrabhāvena <span class="bld">tappaṭibhāgo</span>ti evameke vaṇṇayanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Duppahāyā</span>ti sukhena pahātabbā na honti. <span class="bld">Duccajjā</span>ti sukhena jahituṃ na sakkā. <span class="bld">Duppariccajjā</span>ti sabbākārena jahituṃ na sakkā. <span class="bld">Dunnimmadayā</span>ti nimmadaṃ amadaṃ kātuṃ na sakkā. <span class="bld">Dubbiniveṭhayā</span>ti viniveṭhanaṃ mocanaṃ kātuṃ na sakkā. <span class="bld">Duttarā</span>ti uttaritvā atikkantuṃ na sakkā. <span class="bld">Duppatarā</span>ti visesetvā tarituṃ na sakkā. <span class="bld">Dussamatikkamā</span>ti dukkhena atikkamitabbā. <span class="bld">Dubbinivattā</span>ti nivattetuṃ dukkhā. Atha <a name="P1.0105"></a> vā ‘‘pakativasena duppariccajjā. Goṇapatāsaṃ viya <span class="bld">dunnimmadayā</span>. Nāgapāsaṃ viya <span class="bld">dubbiniveṭhayā</span>. Gimhasamaye marukantāraṃ viya <span class="bld">duttarā duppatarā</span>. Byagghapariggahitā aṭavī viya <span class="bld">dussamatikkamā</span>. Samuddavīci viya <span class="bld">dubbinivattā</span>ti evameke vaṇṇayanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para8"></a><span class="paranum">8</span>. Evaṃ paṭhamagāthāya ‘‘dūre vivekā hi tathāvidho’’ti sādhetvā puna tathāvidhānaṃ sattānaṃ dhammataṃ āvi karonto <span class="bld">‘‘icchānidānā’’</span>tiādigāthamāha. Tattha <span class="bld">icchānidānā</span>ti taṇhāhetukā. <span class="bld">Bhavasātabaddhā</span>ti sukhavedanādimhi bhavasātena baddhā. <span class="bld">Te duppamuñcā</span>ti te bhavasātavatthubhūtā dhammā. Te vā tattha baddhā icchānidānā sattā duppamocayā. <span class="bld">Na hi aññamokkhā</span>ti aññe ca mocetuṃ na sakkonti. Kāraṇavacanaṃ vā etaṃ. Te sattā duppamuñcā. Kasmā? Yasmā aññena mocetabbā na honti. Yadi sattā muñceyyuṃ, sakena thāmena muñceyyunti ayamassa attho. <span class="bld">Pacchā pure vāpi apekkhamānā</span>ti anāgate atīte vā kāme apekkhamānā. <span class="bld">Ime va kāme purime va jappa</span>nti ime vā paccuppanne kāme purime vā duvidhepi atītānāgate balavataṇhāya patthayamānā. Imesañca dvinnaṃ padānaṃ ‘‘te duppamuñcā na hi aññamokkhā’’ti <a name="M0.0090"></a> imināva saha sambandho veditabbo. Itarathā apekkhamānā jappaṃ kiṃ karonti, kiṃ vā katāti na paññāyeyyuṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhavasātabaddhā</span>ti bhave sātaṃ bhavasātaṃ, tena bhavasātena sukhassādena baddhā hutvā ṭhitā. Taṃ bhājetvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ekaṃ bhavasātaṃ – sukhā vedanā’’</span>tiādimāha. Yobbanabhāvo <span class="bld">yobbaññaṃ</span>. Arogabhāvo <a name="V0.0082"></a> <span class="bld">ārogyaṃ</span>. Jīvitindriyassa pavattabhāvo <span class="bld">jīvitaṃ. Lābho</span>ti <a name="P1.0106"></a> catunnaṃ paccayānaṃ lābho. <span class="bld">Yaso</span>ti parivāro. <span class="bld">Pasaṃsā</span>ti kitti. <span class="bld">Sukha</span>nti kāyikacetasikaṃ sukhaṃ. <span class="bld">Manāpikā rūpā</span>ti manavaḍḍhanakā rūpā. Sesesupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cakkhusampadā</span>ti cakkhussa sampadā. ‘‘Mayhaṃ cakkhu sampannaṃ maṇivimāne ugghāṭitasīhapañjaraṃ viya khāyatī’’ti uppannaṃ sukhassādaṃ sandhāya ‘‘cakkhusampadā’’ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sotasampadā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Sukhāya vedanāya sātabaddhā…pe… vibaddhā</span>ti vividhākārena <span class="bld">baddhā. Ābaddhā</span>ti visesena ādito baddhā. <span class="bld">Laggā</span>ti ārammaṇena saddhiṃ appitā. <span class="bld">Laggitā</span>ti nāgadante phāṇitavārako viya laggitā. Yamettha ca avuttaṃ, taṃ satto visattotiādimhi vuttanayena gahetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na hi aññamokkhā</span>ti na parehi mokkhā. <span class="bld">Te vā bhavasātavatthū duppamuñcā</span>ti bhave sukhassādavatthubhūtā dhammā te muñcituṃ dukkhā. <span class="bld">Sattā vā etto dummocayā</span>ti sattā eva vā etasmā bhavasātavatthuto mocetuṃ dukkhā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Duruddharā</span>ti uddharituṃ dukkhā. <span class="bld">Dussamuddharā</span>ti samantato chinnataṭe narakāvāṭe patito viya uddhaṃ katvā uddharituṃ dukkhā. <span class="bld">Dubbuṭṭhāpayā</span>ti uṭṭhāpetuṃ dukkhā. <span class="bld">Dussamuṭṭhāpayā</span>ti sukhumaattabhāvaṃ pathaviyaṃ patiṭṭhāpanaṃ viya ussāpetuṃ ativiya dukkhā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Te attanā palipapalipannā</span>ti gambhīrakaddame yāva sīsato nimuggā na sakkonti. <span class="bld">Paraṃ palipapalipannaṃ uddharitu</span>nti aparaṃ tatheva nimuggaṃ hatthe vā sīse vā gahetvā uddharitvā thale patiṭṭhāpetuṃ na sakkonti. <span class="bld">So vata cundā</span>ti <span class="bld">so</span>ti vattabbākārapuggalaniddeso. Tassa ‘‘yo’’ti imaṃ uddesavacanaṃ āharitvā yo attanā palipapalipanno, so vata<a name="M0.0091"></a>, cunda, paraṃ palipapalipannaṃ uddharissatīti. Evaṃ sesapadesu sambandho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Palipapalipanno</span>ti gambhīrakaddame nimuggo vuccati. Yathā, cunda, koci puriso yāva <a name="P1.0107"></a> sīsato gambhīrakaddame nimuggo, parampi tatheva nimuggaṃ hatthe vā sīse vā gahetvā uddharissatīti netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati. Na hi taṃ kāraṇamatthi, yena so taṃ uddharitvā thale patiṭṭhāpeyyāti. <span class="bld">Adanto avinīto aparinibbuto</span>ti ettha pana anibbisevanatāya <span class="bld">adanto</span>. Asikkhitavinayatāya <span class="bld">avinīto</span>. Anibbutakilesatāya <span class="bld">aparinibbuto</span>ti veditabbo. <span class="bld">So</span> tādiso paraṃ <span class="bld">damessati</span> nibbisevanaṃ karissati, <span class="bld">vinessati</span> tisso sikkhā sikkhāpessati. <span class="bld">Parinibbāpessati</span> tassa kilese nibbāpessati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Natthañño</span> <a name="V0.0083"></a> <span class="bld">kocī</span>ti añño koci puggalo mocetuṃ samattho natthi. <span class="bld">Sakena thāmenā</span>ti attano ñāṇathāmena. <span class="bld">Balenā</span>ti ñāṇabalena. <span class="bld">Vīriyenā</span>ti ñāṇasampayuttacetasikavīriyena. <span class="bld">Purisaparakkamenā</span>ti paraṃ paraṃ ṭhānaṃ akkamanena mahantavīriyena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nāhaṃ sahissāmī</span>ti ahaṃ na sahissāmi na sakkomi, na vāyamissāmīti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Pamocanāyā</span>ti pamocetuṃ. <span class="bld">Kathaṃkathi</span>nti sakaṅkhaṃ. <span class="bld">Dhotakā</span>ti ālapanaṃ. <span class="bld">Taresī</span>ti tareyyāsi.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Attanā hi kataṃ pāpaṃ, attanā saṃkilissati;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Attanā akataṃ pāpaṃ, attanāva visujjhati;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Suddhī asuddhi paccattaṃ, nāñño aññaṃ visodhaye’’ti. (dha. pa. 165; kathā. 743) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Etthāyamattho – yena attanā akusalaṃ kammaṃ kataṃ hoti, so catūsu apāyesu dukkhaṃ anubhavanto attanāva saṃkilissati. Yena pana attanā akataṃ pāpaṃ, so sugatiñceva agatiñca gacchanto attanāva visujjhati. Kusalakammasaṅkhātā suddhi akusalakammasaṅkhātā ca asuddhi paccattaṃ kārakasattānaṃ attaniyeva vipaccati. Añño puggalo aññaṃ puggalaṃ na visodhaye neva visodheti, na kilesetīti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tiṭṭhateva nibbāna</span>nti amatamahānibbānaṃ tiṭṭhatiyeva. <span class="bld">Nibbānagāmimaggo</span>ti pubbabhāgavipassanāto paṭṭhāya ariyamaggo. <span class="bld">Tiṭṭhāmahaṃ samādapetā</span>ti ahaṃ gaṇhāpetā patiṭṭhāpetā tiṭṭhāmi. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="P1.0108"></a> <span class="bld">ovadiyamānā evaṃ anusāsiyamānā</span>ti <a name="M0.0092"></a> mayā evaṃ ovadiyamānā evaṃ anusāsiyamānā. Ettha uppanne vatthusmiṃ vadanto <span class="bld">ovadati</span> nāma, anuppanne vatthusmiṃ anusāsanto ‘‘ayasopi te bhavissatī’’tiādivasena anāgataṃ dassento <span class="bld">anusāsati</span> nāma. Sammukhā vadantopi <span class="bld">ovadati</span> nāma, parammukhā dūtasāsanaṃ vā pesento <span class="bld">anusāsati</span> nāma. Sakiṃ vadantopi <span class="bld">ovadati</span> nāma, punappunaṃ vadanto <span class="bld">anusāsati</span> nāma. Ovadanto eva vā <span class="bld">anusāsati</span> nāma. <span class="bld">Appekacce</span>ti api ekacce, eketi attho. <span class="bld">Accantaniṭṭhaṃ nibbānaṃ ārādhentī</span>ti khayavayasaṅkhātaṃ antaṃ atītanti accantaṃ, accantañca taṃ sabbasaṅkhārānaṃ appavattiṭṭhānattā niṭṭhañcāti accantaniṭṭhaṃ, ekantaniṭṭhaṃ, satataniṭṭhanti attho. Taṃ accantanibbānaṃ ārādhenti sampādenti. <span class="bld">Nārādhentī</span>ti na sampādenti, na paṭilabhantīti attho. <span class="bld">Ettha kyāha</span>nti etesu kiṃ ahaṃ, kiṃ karomīti attho. <span class="bld">Maggakkhāyī</span>ti paṭipadāmaggakkhāyī<a name="V0.0084"></a>. <span class="bld">Ācikkhati</span> katheti. <span class="bld">Attanā paṭipajjamānā muñceyyu</span>nti paṭipajjantā mayaṃ muñceyyuṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Atītaṃ upādāyā</span>ti atītaṃ paṭicca. <span class="bld">Kathaṃ pure apekkhaṃ karotī</span>ti kena pakārena ikkhaṃ olokanaṃ karoti. <span class="bld">Evaṃrūpo ahosi</span>nti dīgharassaaṇukathūlādivasena evaṃjātiko evarūpo abhaviṃ. <span class="bld">Tattha nandiṃ samannānetī</span>ti tasmiṃ rūpārammaṇe taṇhaṃ sammā ānayati upaneti. <span class="bld">Vedanā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Iti me cakkhū’’</span>tiādayo vatthuārammaṇavasena taṇhuppattiṃ dassento āha. <span class="bld">Iti rūpātī</span>ti evaṃ rūpā iti. <span class="bld">Tattha chandarāgapaṭibaddha</span>nti tesu cakkhurūpesu dubbalasaṅkhāto chando ca balavasaṅkhāto rāgo ca, tena chandarāgena paṭibaddhaṃ allīnaṃ. <span class="bld">Viññāṇa</span>nti javanacittaṃ. <span class="bld">Chandarāgapaṭibaddhattā viññāṇassā</span>ti tassa javanaviññāṇassa chandarāgena baddhabhāvā. <span class="bld">Tadabhinandatī</span>ti taṃ ārammaṇaṃ taṇhāvasena abhinandati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yānissa</span> <a name="P1.0109"></a> <span class="bld">tānī</span>ti yāni assa tāni. <span class="bld">Pubbe</span>ti atīte. <span class="bld">Saddhi</span>nti ekato. <span class="bld">Hasitalapitakīḷitānī</span>ti dantavidaṃsādihasitāni ca, vacībhedaṃ katvā lapitāni ca, kāyakhiḍḍādikīḷitāni ca. <span class="bld">Tadassādetī</span>ti taṃ assādayati assādaṃ vindati sādiyati. <span class="bld">Taṃ nikāmetī</span>ti taṃ nikāmayati paccāsīsati. <span class="bld">Vittiṃ āpajjatī</span>ti tuṭṭhiṃ pāpuṇāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Siya</span>nti <a name="M0.0093"></a> bhaveyyaṃ. <span class="bld">Appaṭiladdhassa paṭilābhāyā</span>ti appattassa pāpuṇanatthāya. <span class="bld">Cittaṃ paṇidahatī</span>ti cittaṃ ṭhapeti. <span class="bld">Cetaso paṇidhānapaccayā</span>ti cittassa ṭhapanakāraṇā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sīlena vā</span>ti pañcasīlādisīlena vā. <span class="bld">Vatena vā</span>ti dhutaṅgasamādānena vā. <span class="bld">Tapena vā</span>ti vīriyasamādānena vā. <span class="bld">Brahmacariyena vā</span>ti methunaviratiyā vā. <span class="bld">Devo vā</span>ti mahānubhāvo devarājā vā. <span class="bld">Devaññataro vā</span>ti tesaṃ aññataro vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Jappantā</span>ti guṇavasena kathentā. <span class="bld">Pajappantā</span>ti pakārena kathentā. <span class="bld">Abhijappantā</span>ti visesena kathentā, upasaggavasena vā vaḍḍhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para9"></a><span class="paranum">9</span>. Evaṃ paṭhamagāthāya ‘‘dūre vivekā hi tathāvidho’’ti sādhetvā dutiyagāthāya ca tathāvidhānaṃ <a name="V0.0085"></a> dhammataṃ āvi katvā idāni tesaṃ pāpakaraṇaṃ āvi karonto <span class="bld">‘‘kāmesu giddhā’’</span>ti gāthamāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tassattho – <span class="bld">te</span> sattā kāmesu paribhogataṇhāya <span class="bld">giddhā,</span> pariyesanādimanuyuttattā <span class="bld">pasutā,</span> sammohamāpannattā <span class="bld">pamūḷhā,</span> avagamanatāya macchariyatāya buddhādīnaṃ vacanaṃ anādiyatāya ca <span class="bld">avadāniyā,</span> kāyavisamādimhi <span class="bld">visame</span> niviṭṭhā, antakāle maraṇa<span class="bld">dukkhūpanītā,</span> ‘‘kiṃsu bhavissāma ito cutāse’’ti paridevayantīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Giddhā</span>ti kāmarāgena giddhā. <span class="bld">Gadhitā</span>ti saṅkapparāgena paccāsīsamānā hutvā gadhitā. <span class="bld">Mucchitā</span>ti kāmataṇhāya mucchāparetā. <span class="bld">Ajjhosannā</span>ti kāmanandiyā adhiosannā ajjhotthaṭā. <span class="bld">Laggā</span>ti kāmasinehena allīnā. <span class="bld">Laggitā</span>ti kāmapariḷāhena ekībhūtā. <span class="bld">Palibuddhā</span>ti kāmasaññāya āvaṭṭitā. Atha vā ‘‘diṭṭhidassane <span class="bld">giddhā</span>. Abhiṇhadassane <span class="bld">gadhitā</span>. Saṃsaggakiriyasmiṃ <a name="P1.0110"></a> <span class="bld">mucchitā</span>. Vissāsakiriyasmiṃ <span class="bld">ajjhosannā. </span>Sinehavaḷañjasmiṃ <span class="bld">laggā</span>. Dvayaṃdvayasamāpattimhi <span class="bld">laggitā</span>. Aparāparaṃ amuñcamānā hutvā <span class="bld">palibuddhā’’</span>ti evameke vaṇṇayanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Esantī</span>ti paccāsīsanti. <span class="bld">Gavesantī</span>ti maggayanti. <span class="bld">Pariyesantī</span>ti sabbākārena icchanti patthenti. Atha vā diṭṭhārammaṇe subhāsubhaṃ atthi, natthīti <span class="bld">esanti</span>. Subhāsubhārammaṇe paccakkhaṃ katvā vaḷañjanatthāya piyaṃ karontā <span class="bld">gavesanti</span><a name="M0.0094"></a>. Cittavasena <span class="bld">esanti</span>. Payogavasena <span class="bld">gavesanti</span>. Karaṇavasena <span class="bld">pariyesanti</span>. Te duvidhe kāme paṭicca otaritvā carantīti <span class="bld">taccaritā</span>. Te ca kāme bahulaṃ yebhuyyena vaḍḍhenti pavattayantīti <span class="bld">tabbahulā</span>. Te ca kāme garuṃ katvā rahantīti <span class="bld">taggarukā</span>. Tesu kāmesu ninnā namitā hutvā vasantīti <span class="bld">tanninnā</span>. Tesu kāmesu sanninnā hutvā vasantīti <span class="bld">tappoṇā</span>. Tesu kāmesu avalambitā hutvā tesuyeva namitā vasantīti <span class="bld">tappabbhārā</span>. Tesu kāmesu avattharitvā mucchāparetappasaṅgā hutvā vadantīti <span class="bld">tadadhimuttā</span>. Te ca kāme adhipatiṃ jeṭṭhakaṃ katvā vasantīti <span class="bld">tadadhipateyyā</span>. Atha vā ‘‘ārammaṇassa iṭṭhabhāvena <span class="bld">taccaritā</span>. Ārammaṇassa kantabhāvena <span class="bld">tabbahulā</span>. Ārammaṇassa manāpabhāvena <span class="bld">taggarukā</span>. Ārammaṇassa piyabhāvena <span class="bld">tanninnā</span>. Ārammaṇassa kāmupasaṃhitabhāvena <span class="bld">tappoṇā</span>. Ārammaṇassa rajanīyabhāvena <span class="bld">tappabbhārā</span>. Ārammaṇassa mucchanīyabhāvena <span class="bld">tadadhimuttā</span>. Ārammaṇassa bandhanīyabhāvena <span class="bld">tadadhipateyyā’’</span>ti evameke vaṇṇayanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rūpe</span> <a name="V0.0086"></a> <span class="bld">pariyesantī</span>tiādīsu <span class="bld">pariyesantī</span>ti aladdhassa lābhāya esanavasena. <span class="bld">Paṭilabhantī</span>ti hatthagatavasena. <span class="bld">Paribhuñjantī</span>ti vaḷañjanavasena vuttanti ñātabbaṃ. Kalahaṃ vivādaṃ karotīti <span class="bld">kalahakārako</span>. Tasmiṃ niyuttoti <span class="bld">kalahapasuto. Kammakārakā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Gocare caranto</span>ti vesiyādigocare, satipaṭṭhānādigocare vā <a name="P1.0111"></a> caramāno. Tesu niyutto <span class="bld">gocarapasuto</span>. Ārammaṇūpanijjhānavasena jhānaṃ assa atthīti <span class="bld">jhāyī</span>. Tasmiṃ niyutto <span class="bld">jhānapasuto</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Avagacchantī</span>ti apāyaṃ gacchanti. <span class="bld">Maccharino</span>ti sakasampattiṃ niguhantā. <span class="bld">Vacana</span>nti kathanaṃ. <span class="bld">Byapatha</span>nti vākyapathaṃ. <span class="bld">Desana</span>nti vissajjanaovādaṃ. <span class="bld">Anusiṭṭhi</span>nti anusāsaniṃ. <span class="bld">Nādiyantī</span>ti na gaṇhanti na garuṃ karonti. ‘‘Na paṭissantī’’ti vā pāṭho, soyeva attho. Vatthuto macchariyadassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pañca macchariyāni āvāsamacchariya’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha āvāse macchariyaṃ <span class="bld">āvāsamacchariyaṃ</span>. Sesapadesupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Āvāso <a name="M0.0095"></a> nāma sakalārāmopi pariveṇampi ekovarakopi rattiṭṭhānādīnipi. Tesu vasantā sukhaṃ vasanti, paccaye labhanti. Eko bhikkhu vattasampannasseva pesalassa bhikkhuno tattha āgamanaṃ na icchati, āgatopi ‘‘khippaṃ gacchatū’’ti cintesi, idaṃ <span class="bld">āvāsamacchariyaṃ</span> nāma. Bhaṇḍanakārakādīnaṃ pana tattha vāsaṃ anicchato āvāsamacchariyaṃ nāma na hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kula</span>nti upaṭṭhākakulampi ñātikulampi. Tattha aññassa upasaṅkamanaṃ anicchato <span class="bld">kulamacchariyaṃ</span> hoti. Pāpapuggalassa pana upasaṅkamanaṃ anicchatopi macchariyaṃ nāma na hoti. So hi tesaṃ pasādabhedāya paṭipajjati. Pasādaṃ rakkhituṃ samatthasseva pana bhikkhuno tattha upasaṅkamanaṃ anicchato macchariyaṃ nāma hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Lābho</span>ti catupaccayalābhova. Taṃ aññasmiṃ sīlavanteyeva labhante ‘‘mā labhatū’’ti cintentassa <span class="bld">lābhamacchariyaṃ</span> hoti. Yo pana saddhādeyyaṃ vinipāteti, aparibhogadupparibhogādivasena vināseti, pūtibhāvaṃ gacchantampi aññassa na deti, taṃ disvā ‘‘sace imaṃ esa na labheyya, añño sīlavā labheyya, paribhogaṃ gaccheyyā’’ti cintentassa macchariyaṃ nāma natthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vaṇṇo</span> <a name="P1.0112"></a> nāma sarīravaṇṇopi guṇavaṇṇopi. Tattha sarīravaṇṇe maccharī ‘‘paro pāsādiko rūpavā’’ti <a name="V0.0087"></a> vutte taṃ na kathetukāmo hoti. Guṇavaṇṇamaccharī parassa sīlena dhutaṅgena paṭipadāya ācārena vaṇṇaṃ na kathetukāmo hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dhammo</span>ti pariyattidhammo ca paṭivedhadhammo ca. Tattha ariyasāvakā paṭivedhadhammaṃ na maccharāyanti, attanā paṭividdhadhamme sadevakassa lokassa paṭivedhaṃ icchanti. Taṃ pana paṭivedhaṃ ‘‘pare jānantū’’ti icchanti, tantidhammeyeva pana <span class="bld">dhammamacchariyaṃ</span> nāma hoti. Tena samannāgato puggalo yaṃ guḷhaṃ ganthaṃ vā kathāmaggaṃ vā jānāti, taṃ aññe na jānāpetukāmo hoti. Yo pana puggalaṃ upaparikkhitvā dhammānuggahena dhammaṃ vā upaparikkhitvā puggalānuggahena na deti, ayaṃ dhammamaccharī nāma na hoti. Tattha ekacco puggalo lolo hoti, kālena samaṇo hoti<a name="M0.0096"></a>, kālena brāhmaṇo, kālena nigaṇṭho. Yo hi bhikkhu ‘‘ayaṃ puggalo paveṇiāgataṃ tantiṃ saṇhaṃ sukhumaṃ dhammantaraṃ bhinditvā āluḷessatī’’ti na deti, ayaṃ puggalaṃ upaparikkhitvā dhammānuggahena na deti nāma. Yo pana ‘‘ayaṃ dhammo saṇho sukhumo, sacāyaṃ puggalo gaṇhissati, aññaṃ byākaritvā attānaṃ āvi katvā nassissatī’’ti na deti, ayaṃ dhammaṃ upaparikkhitvā puggalānuggahena na deti nāma. Yo pana ‘‘sacāyaṃ imaṃ dhammaṃ gaṇhissati, amhākaṃ samayaṃ bhindituṃ samattho bhavissatī’’ti na deti, ayaṃ dhammamaccharī nāma hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Imesu pañcasu macchariyesu āvāsamacchariyena tāva yakkho vā peto vā hutvā tasseva āvāsassa saṅkāraṃ sīsena ukkhipitvā vicarati. Kulamacchariyena tasmiṃ kule aññesaṃ dānamānanādīni karonte disvā ‘‘bhinnaṃ vatidaṃ kulaṃ mamā’’ti cintayato lohitampi mukhato uggacchati, kucchivirecanampi hoti, antānipi khaṇḍākhaṇḍāni hutvā nikkhamanti. Lābhamacchariyena saṅghassa vā gaṇassa vā santake lābhe maccharāyitvā puggalikaparibhogaṃ viya paribhuñjitvā yakkho vā peto vā mahāajagaro vā hutvā nibbattati. Sarīravaṇṇaguṇavaṇṇamaccharena <a name="P1.0113"></a> pana pariyattidhammamacchariyena ca attanova vaṇṇaṃ vaṇṇeti, paresaṃ vaṇṇe ‘‘kiṃ vaṇṇo eso’’ti taṃ taṃ dosaṃ vadanto pariyattidhammañca kassaci kiñci adento dubbaṇṇo ceva eḷamūgo ca hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Api ca āvāsamacchariyena lohagehe paccati, kulamacchariyena appalābho hoti, lābhamacchariyena gūthaniraye nibbattati, vaṇṇamacchariyena bhave bhave nibbattassa vaṇṇo nāma na hoti, dhammamacchariyena kukkuḷaniraye nibbattatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Maccharāyanavasena <a name="V0.0088"></a> <span class="bld">macchariyaṃ</span>. Maccharāyanākāro <span class="bld">maccharāyanā</span>. Maccharena ayitassa maccherasamaṅgino bhāvo <span class="bld">maccharāyitattaṃ</span>. ‘‘Mayhameva hontu, mā aññassā’’ti sabbāpi attano sampattiyo byāpetuṃ na icchatīti viviccho, vivicchassa bhāvo <span class="bld">vevicchaṃ,</span> mudumacchariyassetaṃ nāmaṃ. Kadariyo vuccati anādaro, tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">kadariyaṃ,</span> thaddhamacchariyassetaṃ nāmaṃ. Tena hi samannāgato puggalo parampi paresaṃ dadamānaṃ nivāreti. Vuttampi cetaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Kadariyo <a name="M0.0097"></a> pāpasaṅkappo, micchādiṭṭhianādaro;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Dadamānaṃ nivāreti, yācamānāna bhojana’’nti. (saṃ. ni. 1.132);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yācake disvā kaṭukabhāvena cittaṃ añcati saṅkocetīti kaṭukañcuko, tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">kaṭukañcukatā</span>. Aparo nayo – kaṭukañcukatā vuccati kaṭacchuggāho. Samatittikapuṇṇāya hi ukkhaliyā bhattaṃ gaṇhanto sabbatobhāgena saṅkuṭitena aggakaṭacchunā gaṇhāti pūretvā gahetuṃ na sakkoti, evaṃ maccharipuggalassa cittaṃ saṅkucati, tasmiṃ saṅkucite kāyopi tatheva saṅkucati paṭikuṭati paṭinivaṭṭati na sampasārīyatīti maccheraṃ ‘‘kaṭukañcukatā’’ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aggahitattaṃ cittassā</span>ti paresaṃ upakārakaraṇe dānādinā ākārena yathā na sampasārīyati, evaṃ āvaritvā gahitabhāvo cittassa. Yasmā pana maccharipuggalo attano santakaṃ paresaṃ <a name="P1.0114"></a> adātukāmo hoti, parasantakaṃ gaṇhitukāmo. Tasmā ‘‘idaṃ acchariyaṃ mayhameva hotu, mā aññassā’’ti pavattivasenassa attasampattinigūhanalakkhaṇatā parasampattiggahaṇalakkhaṇatā ca veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Khandhamacchariyampi macchariya</span>nti attano pañcakkhandhasaṅkhātaṃ upapattibhavaṃ aññehi asādhāraṇaṃ ‘‘acchariyaṃ mayhameva hotu, mā aññassā’’ti pavattaṃ macchariyaṃ khandhamacchariyaṃ nāma. <span class="bld">Dhātuāyatanamacchariyesu</span>pi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Gāho</span>ti gāhanicchayavasena gahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Avadaññutāyā</span>ti sabbaññubuddhānampi kathitaṃ ajānanabhāvena. Yācakānaṃ adadamāno hi tehi kathitaṃ na jānāti nāma. <span class="bld">Janā pamattā</span>ti sativippavāsā janā. <span class="bld">Vacana</span>nti saṅkhepavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Byappatha</span>nti vitthāravacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Desana</span>nti upamaṃ dassetvā atthasandassanavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Anusiṭṭhi</span>nti punappunaṃ saṃlakkhāpanavacanaṃ. Atha vā dassetvā kathanaṃ <span class="bld">vacanaṃ</span> nāma. Gaṇhāpetvā kathanaṃ <span class="bld">byappathaṃ</span> nāma. Tosetvā kathanaṃ <span class="bld">desanaṃ</span> nāma. Padassetvā kathanaṃ <span class="bld">anusiṭṭhi</span> nāma. Atha vā paritāpadukkhaṃ nāsetvā kathanaṃ <span class="bld">vacanaṃ</span> nāma. Pariḷāhadukkhaṃ nāsetvā kathanaṃ <span class="bld">byappathaṃ</span> nāma. Apāyadukkhaṃ nāsetvā kathanaṃ <span class="bld">desanaṃ</span> nāma. Bhavadukkhaṃ nāsetvā <a name="V0.0089"></a> kathanaṃ <span class="bld">anusiṭṭhi</span> nāma. Atha vā dukkhasaccapariññāpaṭivedhayuttaṃ <span class="bld">vacanaṃ</span>. Samudayasaccapahānapaṭivedhayuttaṃ <span class="bld">byappathaṃ</span>. Nirodhasaccasacchikiriyapaṭivedhayuttaṃ <span class="bld">desanaṃ</span>. Maggasaccabhāvanāpaṭivedhayuttaṃ <span class="bld">anusiṭṭhī</span>ti evamādinā nayena eke vaṇṇayanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na</span> <a name="M0.0098"></a> <span class="bld">sussusantī</span>ti na suṇanti. <span class="bld">Na sotaṃ odahantī</span>ti savanatthaṃ kaṇṇasotaṃ na ṭhapenti. <span class="bld">Na aññā cittaṃ upaṭṭhapentī</span>ti jānanatthaṃ cittaṃ na patiṭṭhapenti. <span class="bld">Anassavā</span>ti ovādaṃ asuṇamānā. <span class="bld">Avacanakarā</span>ti suṇamānāpi vacanaṃ na karontīti avacanakarā. <span class="bld">Paṭilomavuttino</span>ti paṭāṇī hutvā pavattanakā<a name="P1.0115"></a>. <span class="bld">Aññeneva mukhaṃ karontī</span>ti karontāpi mukhaṃ na dentīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Visame</span>ti kāyasucaritādisammatassa samassa paṭipakkhattā visamaṃ, tasmiṃ visame. <span class="bld">Niviṭṭhā</span>ti paviṭṭhā dunnīharā. <span class="bld">Kāyakamme</span>ti kāyato pavatte, kāyena vā pavatte kāyakamme. <span class="bld">Vacīkammā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha kāyakammavacīkammamanokammāni duccaritavasena vibhattāni, pāṇātipātādayo dasaakusalakammapathavasena vibhattāti ñātabbaṃ. Ayaṃ tāvettha sādhāraṇapadavaṇṇanā, asādhāraṇesu pana pāṇassa atipāto <span class="bld">pāṇātipāto,</span> pāṇavadho pāṇaghātoti vuttaṃ hoti. Pāṇoti cettha vohārato satto, paramatthato jīvitindriyaṃ. Tasmiṃ pana pāṇe pāṇasaññino jīvitindriyupacchedakaupakkamasamuṭṭhāpitā kāyavacīdvārānaṃ aññataradvārapavattā vadhakacetanā pāṇātipāto. So guṇavirahitesu tiracchānagatādīsu pāṇesu khuddake pāṇe appasāvajjo, mahāsarīre mahāsāvajjo. Kasmā? Payogamahantatāya, payogasamattepi vatthumahantatāya. Guṇavantesu manussādīsu appaguṇe pāṇe appasāvajjo, mahāguṇe mahāsāvajjo. Sarīraguṇānaṃ pana samabhāve sati kilesānaṃ upakkamānañca mudutāya appasāvajjo, tibbatāya mahāsāvajjoti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tassa pañca sambhārā honti – pāṇo pāṇasaññitā vadhakacittaṃ upakkamo tena maraṇanti. Chappayogā – sāhatthiko āṇattiko nissaggiyo thāvaro vijjāmayo iddhimayoti. Imasmiṃ panatthe vitthāriyamāne atipapañco hoti, tasmā naṃ na vitthārayissāma. Aññañca evarūpaṃ<a name="V0.0090"></a>, atthikehi pana samantapāsādikaṃ vinayaṭṭhakathaṃ (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.172) oloketvā gahetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Adinnassa <a name="M0.0099"></a> ādānaṃ <span class="bld">adinnādānaṃ,</span> parassa haraṇaṃ theyyaṃ corikāti vuttaṃ hoti. Tattha <span class="bld">adinna</span>nti parapariggahitaṃ, yattha paro yathākāmakāritaṃ āpajjanto adaṇḍāraho anupavajjo ca hoti, tasmiṃ pana parapariggahite parapariggahitasaññino tadādāyakaupakkamasamuṭṭhāpikā theyyacetanā <a name="P1.0116"></a> adinnādānaṃ. Taṃ hīne parasantake vatthusmiṃ appasāvajjaṃ, paṇīte mahāsāvajjaṃ. Kasmā? Vatthupaṇītatāya, vatthusamatte sati guṇādhikānaṃ santake vatthusmiṃ mahāsāvajjaṃ. Taṃ taṃ guṇādhikaṃ upādāya tato tato hīnaguṇassa santake vatthusmiṃ appasāvajjaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tassa pañca sambhārā honti – parapariggahitaṃ parapariggahitasaññitā theyyacittaṃ upakkamo tena haraṇanti. Chappayogā sāhatthikādayova. Te ca kho yathānurūpaṃ theyyāvahāro pasayhāvahāro paṭicchannāvahāro parikappāvahāro kusāvahāroti imesaṃ pañcannaṃ avahārānaṃ vasena pavattanti. Ayamettha saṅkhepo. Vitthāro pana samantapāsādikāyaṃ vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāmesumicchācāro</span>ti ettha pana <span class="bld">kāmesū</span>ti methunasamācāresu. <span class="bld">Micchācāro</span>ti ekantanindito lāmakācāro. Lakkhaṇato pana asaddhammasevanādhippāyena kāyadvārappavattā agamanīyaṭṭhānavītikkamacetanā kāmesumicchācāro.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha agamanīyaṭṭhānaṃ nāma purisānaṃ tāva māturakkhitā piturakkhitā mātāpiturakkhitā bhāturakkhitā bhaginirakkhitā ñātirakkhitā gottarakkhitā dhammarakkhitā sārakkhā saparidaṇḍāti māturakkhitādayo dasa, dhanakkītā chandavāsinī bhogavāsinī paṭavāsinī odapattakinī obhatacumbaṭakā dāsī ca bhariyā kammakārī ca bhariyā dhajāhaṭā muhuttikāti etā dhanakkītādayo dasāti vīsati itthiyo. Itthīsu pana dvīnnaṃ sārakkhasaparidaṇḍānaṃ dasannañca dhanakkītādīnanti dvādasannaṃ itthīnaṃ aññe purisā, idaṃ agamanīyaṭṭhānaṃ nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">So panesa micchācāro sīlādiguṇarahite agamanīyaṭṭhāne appasāvajjo, sīlādiguṇasampanne mahāsāvajjo. Tassa cattāro sambhārā <a name="M0.0100"></a> – agamanīyavatthu tasmiṃ sevanacittaṃ sevanapayogo maggena maggapaṭipattiadhivāsananti. Eko payogo sāhatthiko eva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Musā</span>ti <a name="V0.0091"></a> visaṃvādanapurekkhārassa atthabhañjanako vacīpayogo kāyapayogo vā. Visaṃvādanādhippāyena panassa paravisaṃvādakakāyavacīpayogasamuṭṭhāpikā cetanā <span class="bld">musāvādo</span>. Aparo nayo – <span class="bld">musā</span>ti abhūtaṃ atacchaṃ vatthu. <span class="bld">Vādo</span>ti <a name="P1.0117"></a> tassa bhūtato tacchato viññāpanaṃ. Lakkhaṇato pana atathaṃ vatthuṃ tathato paraṃ viññāpetukāmassa tathāviññattisamuṭṭhāpikā cetanā <span class="bld">musāvādo</span>. So yamatthaṃ bhañjati, tassa appatāya appasāvajjo, mahantatāya mahāsāvajjo. Api ca gahaṭṭhānaṃ attano santakaṃ adātukāmatāya ‘‘natthī’’tiādinayappavatto appasāvajjo, sakkhinā hutvā atthabhañjanatthaṃ vutto mahāsāvajjo. Pabbajitānaṃ appakampi telaṃ vā sappiṃ vā labhitvā hasādhippāyena ‘‘ajja gāme telaṃ nadī maññe sandatī’’ti pūraṇakathānayena pavatto appasāvajjo, adiṭṭhaṃyeva pana diṭṭhantiādinā nayena vadantānaṃ mahāsāvajjo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tassa cattāro sambhārā honti – atathaṃ vatthu visaṃvādanacittaṃ tajjo vāyāmo parassa tadatthavijānananti. Eko payogo sāhatthikova. So ca kāyena vā kāyapaṭibaddhena vā vācāya vā paravisaṃvādakakiriyākaraṇe daṭṭhabbo. Tāya ce kiriyāya paro tamatthaṃ jānāti, ayaṃ kiriyasamuṭṭhāpikā cetanākkhaṇeyeva musāvādakammunā bajjhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pisuṇavācā</span>tiādīsu yāya vācāya yassa taṃ vācaṃ bhāsati, tassa hadaye attano piyabhāvaṃ parassa ca suññabhāvaṃ karoti, sā <span class="bld">pisuṇavācā</span>. Yāya pana attānampi parampi pharusaṃ karoti, yā vācā sayampi pharusā neva kaṇṇasukhā na hadayaṅgamā, ayaṃ <span class="bld">pharusavācā</span>. Yena samphaṃ palapati niratthakaṃ, so <span class="bld">samphappalāpo</span>. Tesaṃ mūlabhūtāpi cetanā pisuṇavācādināmameva labhati, sā eva idha adhippetāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha saṃkiliṭṭhacittassa paresaṃ vā bhedāya attano piyakamyatāya vā kāyavacīpayogasamuṭṭhāpikā cetanā <span class="bld">pisuṇavācā</span>. Sā yassa bhedaṃ karoti<a name="M0.0101"></a>, tassa appaguṇāya appasāvajjā, mahāguṇatāya mahāsāvajjā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tassā cattāro sambhārā honti – bhinditabbo paro ‘‘iti ime nānā bhavissanti vinā bhavissantī’’ti bhedapurekkhāratā vā, ‘‘iti ahaṃ piyo bhavissāmi vissāsiko’’ti viyakamyatā vā, tajjo vāyāmo, tassa tadatthavijānananti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Parassa mammacchedakakāyavacīpayogasamuṭṭhāpikā ekantapharusacetanā <a name="P1.0118"></a> <span class="bld">pharusavācā</span>. Mammacchedakopi <a name="V0.0092"></a> payogo cittasaṇhatāya pharusavācā na hoti. Mātāpitaro hi kadāci puttake evampi vadanti ‘‘corā vo khaṇḍākhaṇḍikaṃ karontū’’ti, uppalapattampi ca nesaṃ upari patantaṃ na icchanti. Ācariyupajjhāyā ca kadāci nissitake evaṃ vadanti ‘‘kiṃ ime ahirikā anottappino caranti, niddhamatha ne’’ti. Atha ca nesaṃ āgamādhigamasampattiṃ icchanti. Yathā ca cittasaṇhatāya pharusavācā na hoti, evaṃ vacanasaṇhatāya apharusavācāpi na hoti. Na hi mārāpetukāmassa ‘‘imaṃ sukhaṃ sayāpethā’’ti vacanaṃ apharusavācā hoti, cittapharusatāya panesā pharusavācāva, sā yaṃ sandhāya pavattitā. Tassa appaguṇatāya appasāvajjā, mahāguṇatāya mahāsāvajjā. Tassā tayo sambhārā – akkositabbo paro kupitacittaṃ akkosananti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Anatthaviññāpikā kāyavacīpayogasamuṭṭhāpikā akusalacetanā <span class="bld">samphappalāpo</span>. So āsevanamandatāya appasāvajjo, āsevanamahantatāya mahāsāvajjo. Tassa dve sambhārā honti – bhāratayuddhasītāharaṇādiniratthakakathāpurekkhāratā tathārūpīkathākathanañcāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Abhijjhāyatīti <span class="bld">abhijjhā,</span> parabhaṇḍābhimukhī hutvā tanninnatāya pavattatīti attho. Sā ‘‘aho vata idaṃ mamāssā’’ti evaṃ parabhaṇḍābhijjhāyanalakkhaṇā. Adinnādānaṃ viya appasāvajjā mahāsāvajjā ca. Tassā dve sambhārā honti – parabhaṇḍaṃ attano pariṇāmanañcāti. Parabhaṇḍavatthuke hi lobhe uppannepi na tāva kammapathabhedo hoti, yāva ‘‘aho vatidaṃ mamāssā’’ti attano na pariṇāmeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Hitasukhaṃ <a name="M0.0102"></a> byāpādayatīti <span class="bld">byāpādo,</span> so paravināsāya manopadosalakkhaṇo. Pharusavācā viya appasāvajjo mahāsāvajjo ca. Tassa dve sambhārā honti – parasatto ca tassa ca vināsacintāti. Parasattavatthuke hi kodhe uppannepi na tāva kammapathabhedo <a name="P1.0119"></a> hoti, yāva ‘‘aho vatāyaṃ ucchijjeyya vinasseyyā’’ti tassa vināsaṃ na cintesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathābhuccagahaṇābhāvena micchā passatīti <span class="bld">micchādiṭṭhi</span>. Sā ‘‘natthi dinna’’ntiādinā nayena viparītadassanalakkhaṇā. Samphappalāpo viya appasāvajjā mahāsāvajjā ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saññī, asaññī, nevasaññīnāsaññī bhavissāmā</span>ti rūpādivasena kaṅkhanti. <span class="bld">Bhavissāma nu kho maya</span>ntiādinā attānaṃ kaṅkhanti. Tattha <span class="bld">bhavissāma nu kho. Na nu kho bhavissāmā</span>ti tassa <a name="V0.0093"></a> sassatākārañca ucchedākārañca nissāya anāgate attānaṃ vijjamānatañca avijjamānatañca kaṅkhanti. <span class="bld">Kiṃ nu kho bhavissāmā</span>ti jātiliṅgupapattiyo nissāya ‘‘khattiyā nu kho bhavissāma, brāhmaṇavessasuddagahaṭṭhapabbajitadevamanussānaṃ aññatarā’’ti kaṅkhanti. <span class="bld">Kathaṃ nu kho bhavissāmā</span>ti saṇṭhānākāraṃ nissāya ‘‘dīghā nu kho bhavissāma, rassaodātakaṇhapamāṇikaappamāṇikādīnaṃ aññatarā’’ti kaṅkhanti. Keci pana ‘‘issaranimmānādīni nissāya ‘kena nu kho kāraṇena bhavissāmā’ti hetuto kaṅkhantī’’ti vadanti. <span class="bld">Kiṃ hutvā kiṃ bhavissāma nu kho maya</span>nti jātiādīni nissāya ‘‘khattiyā hutvā nu kho brāhmaṇā bhavissāma…pe… devā hutvā manussā’’ti attano paramparaṃ kaṅkhanti. Sabbattheva pana <span class="bld">addhāna</span>nti kālādhivacanametaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para10"></a><span class="paranum">10</span>. Yasmā etadeva <span class="bld">tasmā hi sikkhetha…pe… āhu dhīrā</span>ti. Tattha <span class="bld">sikkhethā</span>ti tisso sikkhā āvajjeyya. <span class="bld">Idhevā</span>ti imasmiṃyeva sāsane. Tattha sikkhitabbāti <span class="bld">sikkhā. Tisso</span>ti gaṇanaparicchedo. <span class="bld">Adhisīlasikkhā</span>ti adhikaṃ uttamaṃ sīlanti adhisīlaṃ, adhisīlañca taṃ sikkhitabbaṭṭhena sikkhā cāti adhisīlasikkhā. Esa nayo adhicittaadhipaññāsikkhāsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Katamaṃ panettha sīlaṃ, katamaṃ adhisīlaṃ, katamaṃ cittaṃ, katamaṃ adhicittaṃ, katamā paññā, katamā adhipaññāti? Vuccate – pañcaṅgadasaṅgasīlaṃ tāva sīlameva<a name="M0.0103"></a>. Tañhi buddhe uppannepi anuppannepi loke pavattati<a name="P1.0120"></a>. Uppanne buddhe tasmiṃ sīle buddhāpi sāvakāpi mahājanaṃ samādapenti, anuppanne buddhe paccekabuddhā ca kammavādino ca dhammikā samaṇabrāhmaṇā ca cakkavattī ca mahārājāno mahābodhisattā ca samādapenti, sāmampi paṇḍitā samaṇabrāhmaṇā samādiyanti. Te taṃ kusalaṃ dhammaṃ paripūretvā devesu ca manussesu ca sampattiṃ anubhonti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pātimokkhasaṃvarasīlaṃ pana ‘‘adhisīla’’nti vuccati. Tañhi sūriyo viya pajjotānaṃ sineru viya pabbatānaṃ sabbalokiyasīlānaṃ adhikañceva uttamañca, buddhuppādeyeva ca pavattati, na vinā buddhuppādā. Na hi taṃ paññattiṃ uddharitvā añño satto ṭhapetuṃ sakkoti. Buddhāyeva pana sabbaso kāyavacīdvāraajjhācārasotaṃ chinditvā tassa tassa vītikkamassa anucchavikaṃ taṃ sīlasaṃvaraṃ paññapenti. Pātimokkhasaṃvaratopi ca maggaphalasampayuttameva sīlaṃ adhisīlaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāmāvacarāni <a name="V0.0094"></a> pana aṭṭha kusalacittāni lokiyaaṭṭhasamāpatticittāni ca ekajjhaṃ katvā cittamevāti veditabbāni. Buddhuppādānuppāde cassa pavatti, samādapanaṃ samādānañca sīle vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vipassanāpādakaṃ aṭṭhasamāpatticittaṃ pana ‘‘adhicitta’’nti vuccati. Tañhi adhisīlaṃ viya sīlānaṃ, sabbalokiyacittānaṃ adhikañceva uttamañca, buddhuppādeyeva ca hoti, na vinā buddhuppādā. Tatopi ca maggaphalacittameva adhicittaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Atthi dinnaṃ atthi yiṭṭha’’ntiādinayappavattaṃ (ma. ni. 2.94) pana kammassakatāñāṇaṃ paññā. Sā hi buddhe uppannepi anuppannepi loke pavattati. Uppanne buddhe tassā paññāya buddhāpi sāvakāpi mahājanaṃ samādapenti, anuppanne buddhe paccekabuddhā ca kammavādino ca dhammikā samaṇabrāhmaṇā ca cakkavattī ca mahārājāno mahābodhisattā ca samādapenti, sāmampi paṇḍitā sattā samādiyanti. Tathā hi aṅkuro dasavassasahassāni mahādānaṃ adāsi. Velāmo vessantaro aññe ca bahū paṇḍitamanussā mahādānāni adaṃsu. Te taṃ kusalaṃ dhammaṃ paripūretvā devesu ca manussesu ca sampattiṃ anubhaviṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tilakkhaṇākāraparicchedakaṃ <a name="M0.0104"></a> pana <a name="P1.0121"></a> vipassanāñāṇaṃ ‘‘adhipaññā’’ti vuccati. Sā hi adhisīlaadhicittāni viya sīlacittānaṃ, sabbalokiyapaññānaṃ adhikā ceva uttamā ca, na ca vinā buddhuppādā loke pavattati. Tatopi ca maggaphalapaññāva adhipaññā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni ekekaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘katamā adhisīlasikkhā – idha bhikkhu sīlavā hoti, pātimokkhasaṃvarasaṃvuto viharatī’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Idhā</span>ti vacanaṃ pubbabhāgakaraṇīyasampadāya sampannassa sabbapakārasīlaparipūrakassa puggalassa sannissayabhūtasāsanaparidīpanaṃ, aññasāsanassa ca tathābhāvapaṭisedhanaṃ. Vuttañhetaṃ – ‘‘idheva, bhikkhave, samaṇo…pe… suññā parappavādā samaṇebhi aññehī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.139-140). <span class="bld">Bhikkhū</span>ti tassa sīlassa paripūrakassa puggalassa paridīpanaṃ. <span class="bld">Pātimokkhasaṃvarasaṃvuto</span>ti idamassa pātimokkhasaṃvare patiṭṭhitabhāvaparidīpanaṃ. <span class="bld">Viharatī</span>ti idamassa tadanurūpavihārasamaṅgībhāvaparidīpanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ācāragocarasampanno</span>ti idamassa pātimokkhasaṃvarassa upakārakadhammaparidīpanaṃ. <span class="bld">Aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvī</span>ti idamassa pātimokkhato acavanadhammatāparidīpanaṃ. <span class="bld">Samādāyā</span>ti idamassa sikkhāpadānaṃ <a name="V0.0095"></a> anavasesato ādānaparidīpanaṃ. <span class="bld">Sikkhatī</span>ti idamassa sikkhāya samaṅgībhāvaparidīpanaṃ. <span class="bld">Sikkhāpadesū</span>ti idamassa sikkhitabbadhammaparidīpanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">bhikkhū</span>ti saṃsāre bhayaṃ ikkhatīti bhikkhu. Sīlamassa atthīti sīlavāti ettha <span class="bld">sīla</span>nti sīlanaṭṭhena sīlaṃ. Kimidaṃ sīlanaṃ nāma? Samādhānaṃ vā, kāyakammādīnaṃ susīlyavasena avippakiṇṇatāti attho. Upadhāraṇaṃ vā, kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ patiṭṭhāvasena ādhārabhāvoti attho. Etadeva hi ettha atthadvayaṃ saddalakkhaṇavidū anujānanti. Aññe pana ‘‘adhisevanaṭṭhena ācāraṭṭhena <a name="P1.0122"></a> sīlanaṭṭhena siraṭṭhena sītalaṭṭhena sivaṭṭhena <span class="bld">sīla’’</span>nti vaṇṇayanti.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Sīlanaṃ lakkhaṇaṃ tassa, bhinnassāpi anekadhā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sanidassanattaṃ rūpassa, yathā bhinnassanekadhā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā hi nīlapītādibhedenanekadhā bhinnassāpi rūpāyatanassa sanidassanattaṃ lakkhaṇaṃ nīlādibhedena bhinnassāpi sanidassanabhāvānatikkamanato. Tathā sīlassa cetanādibhedena anekadhā bhinnassāpi yadetaṃ <a name="M0.0105"></a> kāyakammādīnaṃ samādhānavasena, kusalānañca dhammānaṃ patiṭṭhāvasena vuttaṃ sīlanaṃ, tadeva lakkhaṇaṃ cetanādibhedena bhinnassāpi samādhānapatiṭṭhābhāvānatikkamanato. Evaṃ lakkhaṇassa panassa –</p>
<p class="gatha1">Dussīlyaviddhaṃsanatā, anavajjaguṇo tathā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Kiccasampattiatthena, raso nāma pavuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tasmā idaṃ sīlaṃ nāma kiccaṭṭhena rasena dussīlyaviddhaṃsanarasaṃ, sampattiatthena rasena anavajjarasanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Soceyyapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ, tayidaṃ tassa viññubhi;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Ottappañca hirī ceva, padaṭṭhānanti vaṇṇitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tañhidaṃ sīlaṃ ‘‘kāyasoceyyaṃ vacīsoceyyaṃ manosoceyya’’nti evaṃ vuttasoceyyapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ, soceyyabhāvena paccupaṭṭhāti gahaṇabhāvaṃ gacchati. Hirottappañca pana tassa viññūhi padaṭṭhānanti vaṇṇitaṃ, āsannakāraṇanti attho. Hirottappe hi sati sīlaṃ uppajjati <a name="V0.0096"></a> ceva tiṭṭhati ca, asati neva uppajjati ceva na tiṭṭhati cāti evaṃvidhena sīlena sīlavā hoti. Etaṃ sīlaṃ nāma pāṇātipātādīhi vā viramantassa, vattapaṭipattiṃ vā pūrentassa cetanādayo <a name="P1.0123"></a> dhammā veditabbā. Vuttañhetaṃ paṭisambhidāyaṃ ‘‘kiṃ sīlanti? Cetanā sīlaṃ, cetasikaṃ sīlaṃ, saṃvaro sīlaṃ, avītikkamo sīla’’nti (paṭi. ma. 1.39).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">cetanā sīlaṃ</span> nāma pāṇātipātādīhi vā viramantassa vattapaṭipattiṃ vā pūrentassa cetanā. <span class="bld">Cetasikaṃ sīlaṃ</span> nāma pāṇātipātādīhi viramantassa virati. Api ca cetanā sīlaṃ nāma pāṇātipātādīni pajahantassa sattakammapathacetanā. Cetasikaṃ sīlaṃ nāma ‘‘abhijjhaṃ pahāya vigatābhijjhena cetasā viharatī’’tiādinā (dī. ni. 1.217) nayena saṃyuttamahāvagge vuttā anabhijjhābyāpādasammādiṭṭhidhammā. <span class="bld">Saṃvaro sīla</span>nti ettha pañcavidhena saṃvaro veditabbo – pātimokkhasaṃvaro satisaṃvaro ñāṇasaṃvaro khantisaṃvaro vīriyasaṃvaro. Tassa nānākaraṇaṃ upari āvi bhavissati. <span class="bld">Avītikkamo sīla</span>nti samādinnasīlassa kāyikavācasiko avītikkamo. Ettha ca saṃvarasīlaṃ, avītikkamasīlanti idameva nippariyāyato <a name="M0.0106"></a> sīlaṃ. Cetanāsīlaṃ, cetasikaṃ sīlanti pariyāyato sīlanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pātimokkha</span>nti sikkhāpadasīlaṃ. Tañhi yo naṃ pāti rakkhati, taṃ mokkheti moceti āpāyikādīhi dukkhehi, tasmā ‘‘pātimokkha’’nti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Pātimokkhasaṃvarasaṃvuto</span>ti pātimokkhasaṃvarasīlena samannāgato. <span class="bld">Ācāragocarasampanno</span>ti ācārena ceva gocarena ca sampanno. <span class="bld">Aṇumattesū</span>ti appamattakesu. <span class="bld">Vajjesū</span>ti akusaladhammesu. <span class="bld">Bhayadassāvī</span>ti bhayadassī. <span class="bld">Samādāyā</span>ti sammā ādiyitvā. <span class="bld">Sikkhati sikkhāpadesū</span>ti taṃ taṃ sikkhāpadaṃ samādiyitvā sikkhati. Api ca samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesūti yaṃkiñci sikkhāpadesu sikkhākoṭṭhāsesu sikkhitabbaṃ kāyikaṃ vā cetasikaṃ vā, taṃ sabbaṃ samādāya sikkhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Khuddako sīlakkhandho</span>ti saṅghādisesādisāvaseso sīlakkhandho. <span class="bld">Mahanto</span>ti pārājikādiniravaseso. Yasmā pana pātimokkhasīlena bhikkhu sāsane patiṭṭhāti nāma<a name="P1.0124"></a>, tasmā taṃ ‘‘patiṭṭhā’’ti vuttaṃ. Patiṭṭhahati vā ettha bhikkhu, kusalā dhammā eva vā ettha patiṭṭhahantīti patiṭṭhā. Ayamattho ‘‘sīle patiṭṭhāya naro sapañño’’ti (saṃ. ni. 1.23, 192) ca, ‘‘patiṭṭhānalakkhaṇaṃ, mahārāja, sīlaṃ sabbesaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammāna’’nti (mi. pa. 2.1.9) ca<a name="V0.0097"></a>, ‘‘sīle patiṭṭhito kho, mahārāja…pe… sabbe kusalā dhammā na parihāyantī’’ti (mi. pa. 2.1.9) ca ādisuttavasena veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tadetaṃ pubbuppattiatthena <span class="bld">ādi</span>. Vuttampi cetaṃ ‘‘tasmātiha tvaṃ uttiya ādimeva visodhehi kusalesu dhammesu. Ko cādi kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ, sīlañca suvisuddhaṃ diṭṭhi ca ujukā’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.382). Yathā hi nagaravaḍḍhakī nagaraṃ māpetukāmo paṭhamaṃ nagaraṭṭhānaṃ sodheti, tato aparabhāge vīthicatukkasiṅghāṭakādiparicchedena vibhajitvāva nagaraṃ māpeti. Evameva yogāvacaro ādito sīlaṃ visodheti, tato aparabhāge samādhivipassanāmaggaphalanibbānāni sacchikaroti. Yathā vā pana rajako paṭhamaṃ tīhi khārehi vatthaṃ dhovitvā parisuddhe vatthe yadicchakaṃ raṅgajātaṃ upaneti, yathā vā pana cheko cittakāro rūpaṃ likhitukāmo āditova bhittiparikammaṃ karoti, tato aparabhāge rūpaṃ samuṭṭhāpeti. Evameva yogāvacaro <a name="M0.0107"></a> āditova sīlaṃ visodhetvā aparabhāge samathavipassanādayo dhamme sacchikaroti. Tasmā sīlaṃ ‘‘ādī’’ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tadetaṃ caraṇasarikkhatāya <span class="bld">caraṇaṃ</span>. Caraṇāti hi pādā vuccanti. Yathā hi chinnacaraṇassa purisassa disaṃ gamanābhisaṅkhāro na jāyati, paripuṇṇapādasseva jāyati, evameva yassa sīlaṃ bhinnaṃ hoti khaṇḍaṃ aparipuṇṇaṃ, tassa nibbānagamanāya ñāṇagamanaṃ na sampajjati. Yassa pana taṃ abhinnaṃ hoti akhaṇḍaṃ paripuṇṇaṃ, tassa nibbānagamanāya ñāṇagamanaṃ sampajjati. Tasmā sīlaṃ ‘‘caraṇa’’nti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tadetaṃ saṃyamanavasena <span class="bld">saṃyamo</span>. Saṃvaraṇavasena <span class="bld">saṃvaro</span>ti ubhayenāpi sīlasaṃyamo ceva sīlasaṃvaro ca kathito. Vacanattho panettha saṃyameti vītikkamavipphandanaṃ<a name="P1.0125"></a>, puggalaṃ vā saṃyameti vītikkamavasena tassa vipphandituṃ na detīti saṃyamo. Vītikkamassa pavesanadvāraṃ saṃvarati pidahatīti saṃvaro.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mokkha</span>nti uttamaṃ mukhabhūtaṃ vā. Yathā hi sattānaṃ catubbidho āhāro mukhena pavisitvā aṅgamaṅgāni pharati, evaṃ yoginopi catubhūmakakusalaṃ sīlamukhena pavisitvā atthasiddhiṃ sampādeti. Tena ‘‘mokkha’’nti. Pamukhe sādhūti <span class="bld">pāmokkhaṃ,</span> pubbaṅgamaṃ seṭṭhaṃ padhānanti attho. <span class="bld">Kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ samāpattiyā</span>ti catubhūmakakusalānaṃ paṭilābhatthāya pāmokkhaṃ pubbaṅgamaṃ seṭṭhaṃ padhānanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vivicceva</span> <a name="V0.0098"></a> <span class="bld">kāmehī</span>ti kāmehi vivicca vinā hutvā apakkamitvā. Yo panāyamettha evakāro, so niyamatthoti veditabbo. Yasmā ca niyamattho, tasmā tasmiṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharaṇasamaye avijjamānānampi kāmānaṃ tassa paṭhamajjhānassa paṭipakkhabhāvaṃ kāmapariccāgeneva cassa adhigamaṃ dīpeti. Kathaṃ? ‘‘Vivicceva kāmehī’’ti evañhi niyame kariyamāne idaṃ paññāyati, nūnimassa jhānassa kāmā paṭipakkhabhūtā, yesu sati idaṃ na pavattati andhakāre sati padīpobhāso viya, tesaṃ pariccāgeneva cassa adhigamo hoti orimatīrapariccāgena pārimatīrasseva. Tasmā niyamaṃ karotīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="M0.0108"></a> siyā ‘‘kasmā panesa pubbapadeyeva vutto na uttarapade, kiṃ akusalehi dhammehi aviviccāpi jhānaṃ upasampajja vihareyyā’’ti? Na kho panetaṃ evaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Taṃnissaraṇato hi pubbapade eva esa vutto. Kāmadhātusamatikkamanato hi kāmarāgapaṭipakkhato ca idaṃ jhānaṃ kāmānameva nissaraṇaṃ. Yathāha – ‘‘kāmānametaṃ nissaraṇaṃ yadidaṃ nekkhamma’’nti (itivu. 72). Uttarapadepi pana yathā <a name="P1.0126"></a> ‘‘idheva, bhikkhave, samaṇo, idha dutiyo samaṇo’’ti (ma. ni. 1.139) ettha evakāro ānetvā vuccati, evaṃ vattabbo. Na hi sakkā ito aññehipi nīvaraṇasaṅkhātehi akusalehi dhammehi avivicca jhānaṃ upasampajja viharituṃ. Tasmā vivicceva kāmehi vivicceva akusalehi dhammehīti evaṃ padadvayepi esa daṭṭhabbo. Padadvayepi ca kiñcāpi viviccāti iminā sādhāraṇavacanena tadaṅgavivekādayo kāyavivekādayo ca sabbepi vivekā saṅgahaṃ gacchanti, tathāpi pubbabhāge kāyavivekacittavivekavikkhambhanavivekā daṭṭhabbā. Lokuttaramaggakkhaṇe kāyavivekacittavivekasamucchedavivekanissaraṇavivekā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāmehīti iminā pana padena ye ca idha ‘‘katame vatthukāmā manāpikā rūpā’’tiādinā nayena vatthukāmā vuttā, ye ca idheva vibhaṅge ‘‘chando kāmo rāgo kāmo chandarāgo kāmo saṅkappo kāmo rāgo kāmo saṅkapparāgo kāmo’’ti evaṃ kilesakāmā vuttā, te sabbepi saṅgahitā icceva daṭṭhabbā. Evañhi sati vivicceva kāmehīti vatthukāmehipi viviccevāti attho yujjati. Tena kāyaviveko vutto hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vivicca akusalehi dhammehī</span>ti kilesakāmehi sabbākusalehi vā viviccāti attho yujjati. Tena cittaviveko vutto hoti. Purimena cettha vatthukāmehi vivekavacanato eva kāmasukhapariccāgo, dutiyena kilesakāmehi vivekavacanato nekkhammasukhapariggaho vibhāvito hoti<a name="V0.0099"></a>. Evaṃ vatthukāmakilesakāmavivekavacanatoyeva ca etesaṃ paṭhamena saṃkilesavatthuppahānaṃ, dutiyena saṃkilesappahānaṃ. Paṭhamena lolabhāvassa hetupariccāgo, dutiyena bālabhāvassa. Paṭhamena ca payogasuddhi, dutiyena āsayaposanaṃ vibhāvitaṃ hotīti ñātabbaṃ<a name="M0.0109"></a>. Esa tāva nayo ‘‘kāmehī’’ti ettha vuttakāmesu vatthukāmapakkhe<a name="P1.0127"></a>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kilesakāmapakkhe pana chandoti ca rāgoti ca evamādīhi anekabhedo kāmacchandova ‘‘kāmo’’ti adhippeto. So ca akusalapariyāpannopi samāno ‘‘tattha katamo kāmacchando, kāmo’’tiādinā nayena vibhaṅge jhānapaṭipakkhato visuṃ vutto. Kilesakāmattā vā purimapade vutto, akusalapariyāpannattā dutiyapade. Anekabhedato cassa kāmatoti avatvā kāmehīti vuttaṃ. Aññesampi ca dhammānaṃ akusalabhāve vijjamāne ‘‘tattha katame akusalā dhammā, kāmacchando’’tiādinā nayena vibhaṅge (vibha. 564) uparijhānaṅgānaṃ paccanīkapaṭipakkhabhāvadassanato nīvaraṇāneva vuttāni. Nīvaraṇāni hi jhānaṅgapaccanīkāni tesaṃ jhānaṅgāneva paṭipakkhāni, viddhaṃsakāni vighātakānīti vuttaṃ hoti. Tathā hi ‘‘samādhi kāmacchandassa paṭipakkho, pīti byāpādassa, vitakko thinamiddhassa, sukhaṃ uddhaccakukkuccassa, vicāro vicikicchāyā’’ti peṭake vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evamettha vivicceva kāmehīti iminā kāmacchandassa vikkhambhanaviveko vutto hoti, vivicca akusalehi dhammehīti iminā pañcannampi nīvaraṇānaṃ. Aggahitaggahaṇena pana paṭhamena kāmacchandassa, dutiyena sesanīvaraṇānaṃ. Tathā paṭhamena tīsu akusalamūlesu pañcakāmaguṇabhedavisayassa lobhassa, dutiyena āghātavatthubhedādivisayānaṃ dosamohānaṃ. Oghādīsu vā dhammesu paṭhamena kāmoghakāmayogakāmāsavakāmupādānaabhijjhākāyaganthakāmarāgasaṃyojanānaṃ, dutiyena avasesaoghayogāsavaupādānaganthasaṃyojanānaṃ. Paṭhamena ca taṇhāya taṃsampayuttakānañca, dutiyena avijjāya taṃsampayuttakānañca. Api ca paṭhamena lobhasampayuttaaṭṭhacittuppādānaṃ, dutiyena sesānaṃ catunnaṃ akusalacittuppādānaṃ vikkhambhanaviveko vutto hotīti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettāvatā ca paṭhamassa jhānassa pahānaṅgaṃ dassetvā idāni sampayogaṅgaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘savitakkaṃ savicāra’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha ārammaṇe <a name="M0.0110"></a> cittassa abhiniropanalakkhaṇo vitakko, ārammaṇānumajjanalakkhaṇo vicāro. Santepi ca nesaṃ katthaci aviyoge oḷārikaṭṭhena pubbaṅgamaṭṭhena <a name="P1.0128"></a> ca ghaṇḍābhighāto viya cetaso paṭhamābhinipāto vitakko, sukhumaṭṭhena <a name="V0.0100"></a> anumajjanasabhāvena ca ghaṇḍānuravo viya anupabandho vicāro. Vipphāravā cettha vitakko paṭhamuppattikāle paripphandanabhūto cittassa, ākāse uppatitukāmassa pakkhino pakkhavikkhepo viya, padumābhimukhapāto viya ca gandhānubandhacetaso bhamarassa. Santavutti vicāro nātiparipphandanabhāvo cittassa, ākāse uppatitassa pakkhino pakkhappasāraṇaṃ viya, paribbhamanaṃ viya ca padumābhimukhapatitassa bhamarassa padumassa uparibhāge.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dukanipātaṭṭhakathāyaṃ pana ‘‘ākāse gacchato mahāsakuṇassa ubhohi pakkhehi vātaṃ gahetvā pakkhe sannisīdāpetvā gamanaṃ viya ārammaṇe cetaso abhiniropanabhāvena pavatto vitakko, vātaggahaṇatthaṃ pakkhe phandāpayamānassa gamanaṃ viya anumajjanabhāvena pavatto vicāro’’ti vuttaṃ. Taṃ anuppabandhena pavattiyaṃ yujjati. So pana nesaṃ viseso paṭhamadutiyajjhānesu pākaṭo hoti. Api ca malaggahitaṃ kaṃsabhājanaṃ ekena hatthena daḷhaṃ gahetvā itarena hatthena cuṇṇatelavālaṇḍupakena parimajjantassa daḷhaggahaṇahattho viya vitakko. Parimajjanahattho viya vicāro. Tathā kumbhakārassa daṇḍappahārena cakkaṃ bhamayitvā bhājanaṃ karontassa uppīḷanahattho viya vitakko. Ito cito ca sañcaraṇahattho viya vicāro. Tathā maṇḍalaṃ karontassa majjhe sannirumbhitvā ṭhitakaṇṭako viya abhiniropano vitakko. Bahi paribbhamanakaṇṭako viya anumajjamāno vicāro. Iti iminā ca vitakkena iminā ca vicārena saha vattati rukkho viya pupphena ca phalena cāti idaṃ jhānaṃ ‘‘savitakkaṃ savicāra’’nti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vivekaja</span>nti ettha vivitti viveko, nīvaraṇavigamoti attho. Vivittoti vā viveko, nīvaraṇavivitto jhānasampayuttadhammarāsīti attho. Tasmā vivekā, tasmiṃ vā viveke jātanti vivekajaṃ. <span class="bld">Pītisukha</span>nti ettha piṇayatīti pīti, sā sampiyāyanalakkhaṇā. Sā <a name="P1.0129"></a> panesā khuddikāpīti<a name="M0.0111"></a>, khaṇikāpīti, okkantikāpīti, ubbegāpīti, pharaṇāpītīti pañcavidhā hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha khuddikāpīti sarīre lomahaṃsamattameva kātuṃ sakkoti. Khaṇikāpīti khaṇe khaṇe vijjuppādasadisā hoti. Okkantikāpīti samuddatīraṃ vīci viya, kāyaṃ okkamitvā okkamitvā bhijjati. Ubbegāpīti balavatī hoti, kāyaṃ uddhaggaṃ katvā ākāse laṅghāpanappamāṇapattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pharaṇāpīti <a name="V0.0101"></a> atibalavatī hoti. Tāya hi uppannāya sakalasarīraṃ dhamitvā pūritavatthi viya mahatā udakoghena pakkhandapabbatakucchi viya ca anuparipphuṭaṃ hoti. Sā panesā pañcavidhā pīti gabbhaṃ gaṇhantī paripākaṃ gacchantī duvidhaṃ passaddhiṃ paripūreti kāyapassaddhiñca cittapassaddhiñca, passaddhi gabbhaṃ gaṇhantī paripākaṃ gacchantī duvidhampi sukhaṃ paripūreti kāyikaṃ cetasikañca, sukhaṃ gabbhaṃ gaṇhantaṃ paripākaṃ gacchantaṃ tividhaṃ samādhiṃ paripūreti khaṇikasamādhiṃ upacārasamādhiṃ appanāsamādhiñcāti. Tāsu yā appanāsamādhissa mūlaṃ hutvā vaḍḍhamānā samādhisampayogaṅgatā pharaṇāpīti, ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā pītīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Itaraṃ pana sukhayatīti <span class="bld">sukhaṃ,</span> yassa uppajjati, taṃ sukhitaṃ karotīti attho. Sukhanaṃ vā sukhaṃ, suṭṭhu vā khādati khaṇati ca kāyacittābādhanti sukhaṃ, somanassavedanāyetaṃ nāmaṃ. Taṃ sātalakkhaṇaṃ. Santepi ca nesaṃ katthaci avippayoge iṭṭhārammaṇapaṭilābhatuṭṭhi pīti, paṭiladdharasānubhavanaṃ sukhaṃ. Yattha pīti, tattha sukhaṃ, yattha sukhaṃ, tattha na niyamato pīti. Saṅkhārakkhandhasaṅgahitā pīti, vedanākkhandhasaṅgahitaṃ sukhaṃ. Kantārakhinnassa vanantodakadassanasavanesu viya pīti, vanacchāyappavesanaudakaparibhogesu viya sukhaṃ. Tasmiṃ tasmiṃ samaye pākaṭabhāvato cetaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Iti ayañca pīti idañca sukhaṃ assa jhānassa, asmiṃ vā jhāne <a name="P1.0130"></a> atthīti idaṃ jhānaṃ ‘‘pītisukha’’nti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha vā pīti ca sukhañca pītisukhaṃ dhammavinayādayo viya. Vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ assa jhānassa, asmiṃ vā jhāne atthīti evampi vivekajaṃpītisukhaṃ. Yatheva hi jhānaṃ, evaṃ pītisukhampettha vivekajameva hoti, tañcassa atthi, tasmā <a name="M0.0112"></a> alopasamāsaṃ katvā ekapadeneva ‘‘vivekajaṃpītisukha’’ntipi vattuṃ yujjati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭhama</span>nti gaṇanānupubbatā paṭhamaṃ, idaṃ paṭhamaṃ uppannantipi paṭhamaṃ. <span class="bld">Jhāna</span>nti duvidhaṃ jhānaṃ ārammaṇūpanijjhānaṃ lakkhaṇūpanijjhānañcāti. Tattha aṭṭha samāpattiyo pathavīkasiṇādiārammaṇaṃ upanijjhāyantīti <span class="bld">ārammaṇūpanijjhāna</span>nti saṅkhyaṃ gatā. Vipassanāmaggaphalāni pana <span class="bld">lakkhaṇūpanijjhānaṃ</span> nāma. Tattha vipassanā aniccādilakkhaṇassa upanijjhānato lakkhaṇūpanijjhānaṃ. Vipassanāya katakiccassa maggena ijjhanato maggo lakkhaṇūpanijjhānaṃ, phalaṃ pana nirodhasaccaṃ tathalakkhaṇaṃ upanijjhāyatīti lakkhaṇūpanijjhānaṃ. Tesu idha pubbabhāge ārammaṇūpanijjhānaṃ, lokuttaramaggakkhaṇe lakkhaṇūpanijjhānaṃ adhippetaṃ. Tasmā ārammaṇūpanijjhānato ca lakkhaṇūpanijjhānato ca paccanīkajhāpanato ca jhānanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upasampajjā</span>ti <a name="V0.0102"></a> upagantvā, pāpuṇitvāti vuttaṃ hoti. Upasampādayitvā vā, nipphādetvāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Viharatī</span>ti tadanurūpena iriyāpathavihārena iriyati, vuttappakārajhānasamaṅgī hutvā attabhāvassa iriyanaṃ vuttiṃ abhinipphādeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Taṃ panetaṃ paṭhamajjhānaṃ pañcaṅgavippahīnaṃ pañcaṅgasamannāgataṃ tividhakalyāṇaṃ, dasalakkhaṇasampannaṃ. Tattha kāmacchando byāpādo thinamiddhaṃ uddhaccakukkuccaṃ vicikicchāti imesaṃ pañcannaṃ nīvaraṇānaṃ pahānavasena pañcaṅgavippahīnatā veditabbā. Na hi etesu appahīnesu jhānaṃ uppajjati. Tenassetāni pahānaṅgānīti vuccanti. Kiñcāpi hi jhānakkhaṇe aññepi akusalā dhammā pahīyanti, tathāpi etāneva visesena jhānantarāyakarāni. Kāmacchandena hi nānāvisayappalobhitaṃ cittaṃ na ekattārammaṇe <a name="P1.0131"></a> samādhiyati, kāmacchandābhibhūtaṃ vā, taṃ na kāmadhātuppahānāya paṭipadaṃ paṭipajjati. Byāpādena vā ārammaṇe paṭihaññamānaṃ na nirantaraṃ pavattati. Thinamiddhābhibhūtaṃ akammaññaṃ hoti. Uddhaccakukkuccaparetaṃ avūpasantameva hutvā paribbhamati. Vicikicchāya upahataṃ jhānādhigamasādhikaṃ paṭipadaṃ nārohati. Iti visesena jhānantarāyakarattā etāneva pahānaṅgānīti vuttāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā pana vitakko ārammaṇe cittaṃ abhiniropeti, vicāro anupabandhati, tehi avikkhepāya sampāditapayogassa cetaso payogasampattisambhavā <a name="M0.0113"></a> pīti pīṇanaṃ sukhañca upabrūhanaṃ karoti. Athassa sesasampayuttadhammā etehi abhiniropanānubandhanapīṇanupabrūhanehi anuggahitā ekaggatā ekattārammaṇe samaṃ sammā ca ādhiyati. Tasmā vitakko vicāro pīti sukhaṃ cittekaggatāti imesaṃ pañcannaṃ uppattivasena pañcaṅgasamannāgatatā veditabbā. Uppannesu hi etesu pañcasu jhānaṃ uppannaṃ nāma hoti. Tenassa etāni pañcaṅgasamannāgatānīti vuccanti. Tasmā na etehi samannāgataṃ aññadeva jhānaṃ nāma atthīti gahetabbaṃ. Yathā pana aṅgamattavaseneva caturaṅginī senā, pañcaṅgikaṃ tūriyaṃ, aṭṭhaṅgiko ca maggoti vuccati, evamidampi aṅgamattavaseneva pañcaṅgikanti vā pañcaṅgasamannāgatanti vā vuccatīti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Etāni ca pañcaṅgāni kiñcāpi upacārakkhaṇepi atthi, atha kho upacāre pakaticittato balavatarāni. Idha pana upacāratopi balavatarāni rūpāvacaralakkhaṇappattāni nipphannāni. Ettha hi vitakko suvisadena ākārena ārammaṇe cittaṃ abhiniropayamāno uppajjati. Vicāro ativiya ārammaṇaṃ anumajjamāno. Pītisukhaṃ sabbāvantampi kāyaṃ pharamānaṃ<a name="V0.0103"></a>. Tenevāha – ‘‘nāssa kiñci sabbāvato kāyassa vivekajena pītisukhena apphuṭaṃ hotī’’ti (dī. ni. 1.226). Cittekaggatāpi heṭṭhimamhi samuggapaṭale <a name="P1.0132"></a> uparimaṃ samuggapaṭalaṃ viya ārammaṇesu phusitā hutvā uppajjati, ayametesaṃ itarehi viseso. Tattha cittekaggatā kiñcāpi ‘‘savitakkaṃ savicāra’’nti imasmiṃ pāṭhe na niddiṭṭhā, tathāpi vibhaṅge (vibha. 565) ‘‘jhānanti vitakko vicāro pīti sukhaṃ cittekaggatā’’ti evaṃ vuttattā aṅgameva. Yena hi adhippāyena bhagavatā uddeso kato, soyeva tena vibhaṅge pakāsitoti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Tividhakalyāṇaṃ</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tividhakalyāṇaṃ dasalakkhaṇasampanna</span>nti ettha pana ādimajjhapariyosānavasenatividhakalyāṇatā. Tesaṃyeva ca ādimajjhapariyosānānaṃ lakkhaṇavasena dasalakkhaṇasampannatā veditabbā. Tatrāyaṃ pāḷi –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Paṭhamassa jhānassa paṭipadāvisuddhi ādi, upekkhānubrūhanā majjhe, sampahaṃsanā pariyosānaṃ, paṭhamassa jhānassa paṭipadāvisuddhi ādi. Ādissa kati lakkhaṇāni? Ādissa tīṇi lakkhaṇāni – yo <a name="M0.0114"></a> tassa paripantho, tato cittaṃ visujjhati, visuddhattā cittaṃ majjhimaṃ samathanimittaṃ paṭipajjati, paṭipannattā tattha cittaṃ pakkhandati. Yañca paripanthato cittaṃ visujjhati, yañca visuddhattā cittaṃ majjhimaṃ samathanimittaṃ paṭipajjati, yañca paṭipannattā tattha cittaṃ pakkhandati. Paṭhamassa jhānassa paṭipadāvisuddhi ādi, ādissa imāni tīṇi lakkhaṇāni. Tena vuccati – ‘paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ ādikalyāṇañceva hoti tilakkhaṇasampannañcā’ti.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Paṭhamassa jhānassa upekkhānubrūhanā majjhe. Majjhassa kati lakkhaṇāni? Majjhassa tīṇi lakkhaṇāni – visuddhaṃ cittaṃ ajjhupekkhati, samathapaṭipannaṃ ajjhupekkhati, ekattupaṭṭhānaṃ ajjhupekkhati. Yañca visuddhaṃ cittaṃ ajjhupekkhati, yañca samathapaṭipannaṃ ajjhupekkhati, yañca ekattupaṭṭhānaṃ ajjhupekkhati. Paṭhamassa jhānassa upekkhānubrūhanā majjhe, majjhassa imāni tīṇi lakkhaṇāni. Tena vuccati – ‘paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ majjhekalyāṇañceva hoti tilakkhaṇasampannañcā’ti.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Paṭhamassa jhānassa sampahaṃsanā pariyosānaṃ. Pariyosānassa kati lakkhaṇāni? Pariyosānassa <a name="V0.0104"></a> cattāri lakkhaṇāni – tattha <a name="P1.0133"></a> jātānaṃ dhammānaṃ anativattanaṭṭhena sampahaṃsanā, indriyānaṃ ekarāsaṭṭhena sampahaṃsanā, tadupagavīriyavāhanaṭṭhena sampahaṃsanā, āsevanaṭṭhena sampahaṃsanā. Paṭhamassa jhānassa sampahaṃsanā pariyosānaṃ, pariyosānassa imāni cattāri lakkhaṇāni. Tena vuccati ‘paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ pariyosānakalyāṇañceva hoti catulakkhaṇasampannañcā’’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.158).</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Tatra <span class="bld">paṭipadāvisuddhi</span> nāma sasambhāriko upacāro. <span class="bld">Upekkhānubrūhanā</span> nāma appanā. <span class="bld">Sampahaṃsanā</span> nāma paccavekkhaṇā’’ti evameke vaṇṇayanti. Yasmā pana ‘‘ekattagataṃ cittaṃ paṭipadāvisuddhipakkhandañceva hoti upekkhānubrūhitañca ñāṇena ca sampahaṃsita’’nti pāḷiyaṃ vuttaṃ, tasmā antoappanāyameva āgamanavasena <span class="bld">paṭipadāvisuddhi,</span> tatramajjhattupekkhāya kiccavasena <span class="bld">upekkhānubrūhanā,</span> dhammānaṃ anativattanādibhāvasādhanena pariyodāpakassa ñāṇassa kiccanipphattivasena <span class="bld">sampahaṃsanā</span> ca veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ<a name="M0.0115"></a>? Yasmiñhi vāre appanā uppajjati, tasmiṃ yo nīvaraṇasaṅkhāto kilesagaṇo tassa jhānassa paripantho, tato cittaṃ visujjhati. Visuddhattā āvaraṇavirahitaṃ hutvā majjhimaṃ samathanimittaṃ paṭipajjati. <span class="bld">Majjhimasamathanimittaṃ</span> nāma samappavatto appanāsamādhiyeva. Tadanantaraṃ pana purimacittaṃ ekasantatipariṇāmanayena tathattaṃ upagacchamānaṃ majjhimaṃ samathanimittaṃ paṭipajjati nāma, evaṃ paṭipannattā tathattupagamanena tattha pakkhandati nāma. Evaṃ tāva purimacitte vijjamānākāranipphādikā paṭhamassa jhānassa uppādakkhaṇeyeva āgamanavasena paṭipadāvisuddhi veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ visuddhassa pana tassa puna visodhetabbābhāvato visodhane byāpāraṃ akaronto visuddhaṃ cittaṃ ajjhupekkhati nāma. Samathabhāvūpagamanena samathapaṭipannassa puna samādhāne byāpāraṃ akaronto samathapaṭipannaṃ ajjhupekkhati nāma. Samathapaṭipannabhāvato eva cassa kilesasaṃsaggaṃ pahāya ekattena upaṭṭhitassa puna ekattupaṭṭhāne <a name="P1.0134"></a> byāpāraṃ akaronto ekattupaṭṭhānaṃ ajjhupekkhati nāma. Evaṃ tatramajjhattupekkhāya kiccavasena upekkhānubrūhanā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ye panete evaṃ upekkhānubrūhite tattha jātā samādhipaññāsaṅkhātā yuganaddhadhammā aññamaññaṃ anativattamānā hutvā pavattā, yāni ca saddhādīni indriyāni nānākilesehi vimuttattā vimuttirasena ekarasāni hutvā pavattāni, yañcesa tadupagaṃ tesaṃ anativattanaekarasabhāvānaṃ <a name="V0.0105"></a> anucchavikaṃ vīriyaṃ vāhayati, yā cassa tasmiṃ khaṇe pavattā āsevanā, sabbepi te ākārā yasmā ñāṇena saṃkilesavodānesu taṃ taṃ ādīnavañca ānisaṃsañca disvā tathā tathā sampahaṃsitattā visodhitattā pariyodāpitattā nipphannāva, tasmā ‘‘dhammānaṃ anativattanādibhāvasādhanena pariyodāpakassa ñāṇassa kiccanipphattivasena sampahaṃsanā veditabbā’’ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā</span>ti vitakkassa ca vicārassa cāti imesaṃ dvinnaṃ vūpasamā samatikkamā, dutiyajjhānakkhaṇe apātubhāvāti vuttaṃ hoti. Tattha kiñcāpi dutiyajjhāne sabbepi paṭhamajjhānadhammā na santi, aññeyeva hi paṭhamajjhāne phassādayo, aññe idha. Oḷārikassa pana oḷārikassa aṅgassa samatikkamā paṭhamajjhānato paresaṃ dutiyajjhānādīnaṃ adhigamo hotīti dassanatthaṃ ‘‘vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā’’ti <a name="M0.0116"></a> evaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Ajjhatta</span>nti idha niyakajjhattaṃ adhippetaṃ, <span class="bld">vibhaṅge</span> pana ‘‘ajjhattaṃ paccatta’’nti (vibha. 573) ettakameva vuttaṃ. Yasmā niyakajjhattaṃ adhippetaṃ, tasmā attani jātaṃ, attano santāne nibbattanti ayamettha attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sampasādana</span>nti sampasādanaṃ vuccati saddhā. Sampasādanayogato jhānampi sampasādanaṃ, nīlavaṇṇayogato nīlavatthaṃ viya. Yasmā vā taṃ jhānaṃ sampasādanasamannāgatattā vitakkavicārakkhobhavūpasamanena ca ceto sampasādayati, tasmāpi ‘‘sampasādana’’nti <a name="P1.0135"></a> vuttaṃ. Imasmiñca atthavikappe sampasādanaṃ cetasoti evaṃ padasambandho veditabbo. Purimasmiṃ pana atthavikappe cetasoti etaṃ ekodibhāvena saddhiṃ yojetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatrāyaṃ atthayojanā – eko udetīti <span class="bld">ekodi,</span> vitakkavicārehi anajjhārūḷhattā aggo seṭṭho hutvā udetīti attho. Seṭṭhopi hi loke ekoti vuccati. Vitakkavicāravirahito vā eko asahāyo hutvātipi vattuṃ vaṭṭati. Atha vā sampayuttadhamme udāyatīti udi, uṭṭhāpetīti attho. Seṭṭhaṭṭhena eko ca so udi cāti <span class="bld">ekodi,</span> samādhissetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Iti imaṃ ekodiṃ bhāveti vaḍḍhetīti idaṃ dutiyajjhānaṃ <span class="bld">ekodibhāvaṃ</span>. So panāyaṃ ekodi yasmā cetaso, na sattassa, na jīvassa. Tasmā etaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘cetaso ekodibhāva’’</span>nti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nanu cāyaṃ saddhā paṭhamajjhānepi atthi, ayañca ekodināmako samādhi, atha kasmā idameva <a name="V0.0106"></a> ‘‘sampasādanaṃ cetaso ekodibhāva’’nti vuttanti? Vuccate – aduñhi paṭhamajjhānaṃ vitakkavicārakkhobhena vīcitaraṅgasamākulamiva jalaṃ na suppasannaṃ hoti, tasmā satiyāpi saddhāya sampasādananti na vuttaṃ. Na suppasannattāyeva cettha samādhipi na suṭṭhu pākaṭo, tasmā ekodibhāvantipi na vuttaṃ. Imasmiṃ pana jhāne vitakkavicārapalibodhābhāvena laddhokāsā balavatī saddhā, balavasaddhāsahāyapaṭilābheneva ca samādhipi pākaṭo. Tasmā idameva evaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Avitakkaṃ avicāra</span>nti bhāvanāya pahīnattā etasmiṃ, etassa vā vitakko natthīti avitakkaṃ. Imināva nayena avicāraṃ. Etthāha ‘‘nanu ca ‘vitakkavicārānaṃ <a name="M0.0117"></a> vūpasamā’ti imināpi ayamattho siddho. Atha kasmā puna vuttaṃ ‘avitakkaṃ avicāra’’’nti? Vuccate – evametaṃ, siddhovāyamattho. Na panetaṃ tadatthadīpakaṃ, nanu avocumha ‘‘oḷārikassa pana oḷārikassa aṅgassa samatikkamā paṭhamajjhānato paresaṃ dutiyajjhānādīnaṃ samadhigamo hotīti dassanatthaṃ ‘vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā’ti evaṃ vutta’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Api <a name="P1.0136"></a> ca vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā idaṃ sampasādanaṃ, na kilesakālussiyassa. Vitakkavicārānañca vūpasamā ekodibhāvaṃ, na upacārajjhānamiva nīvaraṇappahānā, na paṭhamajjhānamiva ca aṅgapātubhāvāti evaṃ sampasādanaekodibhāvānaṃ hetuparidīpakamidaṃ vacanaṃ. Tathā vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā idaṃ avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ, na tatiyacatutthajjhānāni viya cakkhuviññāṇādīni viya ca abhāvāti, evaṃ avitakkaavicārabhāvassa hetuparidīpakañca, na vitakkavicārābhāvamattaparidīpakaṃ. Vitakkavicārābhāvamattaparidīpakameva pana ‘‘avitakkaṃ avicāra’’nti idaṃ vacanaṃ. Tasmā purimaṃ vatvāpi puna vattabbamevāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samādhija</span>nti paṭhamajjhānasamādhito sampayuttasamādhito vā jātanti attho. Tattha kiñcāpi paṭhamampi sampayuttasamādhito jātaṃ, atha kho ayameva samādhi ‘‘samādhī’’ti vattabbataṃ arahati, vitakkavicārakkhobhavirahena ativiya acalattā suppasannattā ca. Tasmā imassa vaṇṇabhaṇanatthaṃ idameva ‘‘samādhija’’nti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Pītisukha</span>nti idaṃ vuttanayameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dutiya</span>nti gaṇanānupubbatā dutiyaṃ. Idaṃ dutiyaṃ uppannantipi dutiyaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pītiyā ca virāgā</span>ti virāgo nāma vuttappakārāya pītiyā jigucchanaṃ vā samatikkamo vā<a name="V0.0107"></a>. Ubhinnaṃ pana antarā <span class="bld">ca</span>-saddo sampiṇḍanattho, so vūpasamaṃ vā sampiṇḍeti vitakkavicāravūpasamaṃ vā. Tattha yadā vūpasamameva sampiṇḍeti, tadā pītiyā virāgā ca, kiñca bhiyyo vūpasamā cāti evaṃ yojanā veditabbā. Imissā ca yojanāya virāgo jigucchanattho hoti, tasmā pītiyā jigucchanā ca samatikkamā cāti ayamattho daṭṭhabbo. Yadā pana vitakkavicāravūpasamaṃ sampiṇḍeti, tadā pītiyā ca virāgā, kiñca bhiyyo vitakkavicārānañca vūpasamāti evaṃ yojanā veditabbā. Imissā <a name="M0.0118"></a> ca yojanāya virāgo samatikkamanattho hoti, tasmā pītiyā ca samatikkamā vitakkavicārānañca vūpasamāti ayamattho daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāmañcete vitakkavicārā dutiyajjhāneyeva <a name="P1.0137"></a> vūpasantā, imassa pana jhānassa maggaparidīpanatthaṃ vaṇṇabhaṇanatthañcetaṃ vuttaṃ. ‘‘Vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā’’ti hi vutte idaṃ paññāyati ‘‘nūna vitakkavicāravūpasamo maggo imassa jhānassā’’ti. Yathā ca tatiye ariyamagge appahīnānampi sakkāyadiṭṭhādīnaṃ ‘‘pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ pahānā’’ti (ma. ni. 2.132-133) evaṃ pahānaṃ vuccamānaṃ vaṇṇabhaṇanaṃ hoti, tadadhigamāya ussukkānaṃ ussāhajanakaṃ, evameva idha avūpasantānampi vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamo vuccamāno vaṇṇabhaṇanaṃ hoti, tenāyamattho vutto ‘‘pītiyā ca samatikkamā vitakkavicārānañca vūpasamā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upekkhako ca viharatī</span>ti ettha upapattito ikkhatīti upekkhā, samaṃ passati, apakkhapatitā hutvā passatīti attho. Tāya visadāya vipulāya thāmagatāya samannāgatattā tatiyajjhānasamaṅgī ‘‘upekkhako’’ti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Upekkhā pana dasavidhā hoti – chaḷaṅgupekkhā brahmavihārupekkhā bojjhaṅgupekkhā vīriyupekkhā saṅkhārupekkhā vedanupekkhā vipassanupekkhā tatramajjhattupekkhā jhānupekkhā pārisuddhupekkhāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha yā ‘‘idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā neva sumano hoti na dummano, upekkhako ca viharati sato sampajāno’’ti (ma. ni. 6.1) evamāgatā khīṇāsavassa chasu dvāresu iṭṭhāniṭṭhachaḷārammaṇāpāthe parisuddhapakatibhāvāvijahanākārabhūtā upekkhā, ayaṃ <span class="bld">chaḷaṅgupekkhā</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yā <a name="V0.0108"></a> pana ‘‘upekkhāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharatī’’ti (dī. ni. 1.556; ma. ni. 1.77) evamāgatā sattesu majjhattākārabhūtā upekkhā, ayaṃ <span class="bld">brahmavihārupekkhā</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yā <a name="M0.0119"></a> pana ‘‘upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissita’’nti (ma. ni. 2.247) evamāgatā sahajātānaṃ dhammānaṃ majjhattākārabhūtā upekkhā, ayaṃ <span class="bld">bojjhaṅgupekkhā</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yā pana ‘‘kālena kālaṃ upekkhānimittaṃ manasi karotī’’ti (a. ni. 3.103) evamāgatā <a name="P1.0138"></a> anaccāraddhanātisithilavīriyasaṅkhātā upekkhā, ayaṃ <span class="bld">vīriyupekkhā</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yā pana ‘‘kati saṅkhārupekkhā samathavasena uppajjanti, kati saṅkhārupekkhā vipassanāvasena uppajjanti? Aṭṭha saṅkhārupekkhā samathavasena uppajjanti, dasa saṅkhārupekkhā vipassanāvasena uppajjantī’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.57) evamāgatā nīvaraṇādipaṭisaṅkhāsantiṭṭhanāgahaṇe majjhattabhūtā upekkhā, ayaṃ <span class="bld">saṅkhārupekkhā</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yā pana ‘‘yasmiṃ samaye kāmāvacaraṃ kusalaṃ cittaṃ uppannaṃ hoti upekkhāsahagata’’nti (dha. sa. 150) evamāgatā adukkhamasukhasaṅkhātā upekkhā, ayaṃ <span class="bld">vedanupekkhā</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yā pana ‘‘yadatthi yaṃ bhūtaṃ, taṃ pajahati, upekkhaṃ paṭilabhatī’’ti (ma. ni. 3.71-72; a. ni. 7.55) evamāgatā vicinane majjhattabhūtā upekkhā, ayaṃ <span class="bld">vipassanupekkhā</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yā pana chandādīsu yevāpanakesu āgatā sahajātānaṃ samavāhitabhūtā upekkhā, ayaṃ <span class="bld">tatramajjhattupekkhā</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yā pana ‘‘upekkhako ca viharatī’’ti evamāgatā aggasukhepi tasmiṃ apakkhapātajananī upekkhā, ayaṃ <span class="bld">jhānupekkhā</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yā pana ‘‘upekkhāsatipārisuddhiṃ catutthaṃ jhāna’’nti (dha. sa. 165; dī. ni. 1.232) evamāgatā <a name="V0.0109"></a> sabbapaccanīkaparisuddhā paccanīkavūpasamanepi abyāpārabhūtā upekkhā, ayaṃ <span class="bld">pārisuddhupekkhā</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha chaḷaṅgupekkhā ca brahmavihārupekkhā ca bojjhaṅgupekkhā ca tatramajjhattupekkhā ca jhānupekkhā ca pārisuddhupekkhā ca atthato ekā, tatramajjhattupekkhāva hoti. Tena tena avatthābhedena panassā ayaṃ bhedo<a name="M0.0120"></a>. Ekassāpi sato sattassa kumārayuvatherasenāpatirājādivasena bhedo viya, tasmā tāsu yattha chaḷaṅgupekkhā, na tattha bojjhaṅgupekkhādayo. Yattha vā pana bojjhaṅgupekkhā, na tattha chaḷaṅgupekkhādayo hontīti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā cetāsaṃ atthato ekībhāvo, evaṃ saṅkhārupekkhāvipassanupekkhānampi. Paññā eva hi esā, kiccavasena dvidhā bhinnā, yathā hi purisassa sāyaṃ gehaṃ paviṭṭhaṃ sappaṃ ajapadadaṇḍaṃ <a name="P1.0139"></a> gahetvā pariyesamānassa taṃ thusakoṭṭhake nipannaṃ disvā ‘‘sappo nu kho no’’ti avalokentassa sovatthikattayaṃ disvā nibbematikassa ‘‘sappo na sappo’’ti vicinane majjhattatā uppajjati, evameva yā āraddhavipassakassa vipassanāñāṇena lakkhaṇattaye diṭṭhe saṅkhārānaṃ aniccabhāvādivicinane majjhattatā uppajjati, ayaṃ vipassanupekkhā. Yathā pana tassa purisassa ajapadadaṇḍakena gāḷhaṃ sappaṃ gahetvā ‘‘kintāhaṃ imaṃ sappaṃ aviheṭhento attānañca iminā aḍaṃsāpento muñceyya’’nti muñcanākārameva pariyesato gahaṇe majjhattatā hoti, evameva yā lakkhaṇattayassa diṭṭhattā āditte viya tayo bhave passato saṅkhāraggahaṇe majjhattatā, ayaṃ saṅkhārupekkhā. Iti vipassanupekkhāya siddhāya saṅkhārupekkhāpi siddhāva hoti. Iminā panesā vicinanaggahaṇesu majjhattatāsaṅkhātena kiccena dvidhā bhinnāti. Vīriyupekkhā pana vedanupekkhā ca aññamaññañca avasesāhi ca atthato bhinnāyevāti. Āha cettha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Majjhattabrahmabojjhaṅgachaḷaṅgajhānasuddhiyo;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Vipassanā ca saṅkhāravedanāvīriyaṃ iti.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Vitthārato dasopekkhā-chamajjhattādito tato;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Duve paññā tato dvīhi, catassova bhavantimā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Iti imāsu upekkhāsu jhānupekkhā idha adhippetā. Sā majjhattalakkhaṇā, anābhogarasā<a name="V0.0110"></a>, abyāpārapaccupaṭṭhānā, pītivirāgapadaṭṭhānāti. Etthāha – ‘‘nanu cāyaṃ atthato tatramajjhattupekkhāva hoti, sā ca paṭhamadutiyajjhānesupi atthi. Tasmā tatrāpi ‘upekkhako ca viharatī’ti evamayaṃ vattabbā siyā, sā kasmā na vuttā’’ti? Aparibyattakiccato. Aparibyattañhi <a name="M0.0121"></a> tassā tattha kiccaṃ, vitakkādīhi abhibhūtattā. Idha panāyaṃ vitakkavicārapītīhi anabhibhūtattā ukkhittasirā viya hutvā paribyattakiccā jātā, tasmā vuttāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sato</span> <a name="P1.0140"></a> <span class="bld">ca sampajāno</span>ti ettha saratīti <span class="bld">sato</span>. Sampajānātīti <span class="bld">sampajāno</span>. Iti puggalena sati ca sampajaññañca vuttaṃ. Tattha saraṇalakkhaṇā sati, asammussanarasā ārakkhapaccupaṭṭhānā. Asammohalakkhaṇaṃ sampajaññaṃ, tīraṇarasaṃ, pavicayapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha kiñcāpi idaṃ satisampajaññaṃ purimajjhānesupi atthi, muṭṭhassatissa hi asampajānassa upacāramattampi na sampajjati, pageva appanā. Oḷārikattā pana tesaṃ jhānānaṃ bhūmiyaṃ viya purisassa cittassa gati sukhā hoti, abyattaṃ tattha satisampajaññakiccaṃ. Oḷārikaṅgappahānena pana sukhumattā imassa jhānassa purisassa khuradhārāyaṃ viya satisampajaññakiccapariggahitā eva cittassa gati icchitabbāti idheva vuttaṃ. Kiñca bhiyyo – yathā dhenupago vaccho dhenuto apanīto arakkhiyamāno punadeva dhenuṃ upagacchati, evamidaṃ tatiyajjhānasukhaṃ pītito apanītampi satisampajaññārakkhena arakkhiyamānaṃ punadeva pītiṃ upagaccheyya, pītisampayuttameva siyā, sukhe vāpi sattā sārajjanti. Idañca atimadhurasukhaṃ, tato paraṃ sukhābhāvā. Satisampajaññānubhāvena panettha sukhe asārajjanā hoti, no aññathāti imampi atthavisesaṃ dassetuṃ idamidheva vuttanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni <span class="bld">sukhañca kāyena paṭisaṃvedetī</span>ti ettha kiñcāpi tatiyajjhānasamaṅgino sukhapaṭisaṃvedanābhogo natthi, evaṃ santepi yasmā tassa nāmakāyena sampayuttaṃ sukhaṃ. Yaṃ vā taṃ nāmakāyasampayuttaṃ sukhaṃ, taṃsamuṭṭhānenassa yasmā atipaṇītena rūpena rūpakāyo phuṭo, yassa phuṭattā jhānā vuṭṭhitopi sukhaṃ paṭisaṃvedeyya, tasmā etamatthaṃ dassento ‘‘sukhañca kāyena paṭisaṃvedetī’’ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni <span class="bld">yaṃ taṃ ariyā ācikkhanti upekkhako satimā sukhavihārī</span>ti ettha yaṃjhānahetu yaṃjhānakāraṇā <a name="V0.0111"></a> taṃ tatiyajjhānasamaṅgīpuggalaṃ buddhādayo ariyā ācikkhanti desenti paññapenti <a name="P1.0141"></a> paṭṭhapenti vivaranti vibhajanti uttānīkaronti pakāsenti, pasaṃsantīti adhippāyo. Kinti? Upekkhako <a name="M0.0122"></a> satimā sukhavihārīti. Taṃ tatiyajjhānaṃ upasampajja viharatīti evamettha yojanā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kasmā pana taṃ te evaṃ pasaṃsantīti? Pasaṃsārahato. Ayañhi yasmā atimadhurasukhe sukhapāramippattepi tatiyajjhāne upekkhako, na tattha sukhābhisaṅgena ākaḍḍhīyati. Yathā ca pīti na uppajjati, evaṃ upaṭṭhitasatitāya satimā. Yasmā ca ariyakantaṃ ariyajanasevitameva ca asaṃkiliṭṭhaṃ sukhaṃ nāmakāyena paṭisaṃvedeti, tasmā pasaṃsāraho. Iti pasaṃsārahato naṃ ariyā te evaṃ pasaṃsāhetubhūte guṇe pakāsento ‘‘upekkhako satimā sukhavihārī’’ti evaṃ pasaṃsantīti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Tatiya</span>nti gaṇanānupubbatā tatiyaṃ, idaṃ tatiyaṃ uppannantipi tatiyaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sukhassa ca pahānā dukkhassa ca pahānā</span>ti kāyikasukhassa ca kāyikadukkhassa ca pahānā. <span class="bld">Pubbevā</span>ti tañca kho pubbeva, na catutthajjhānakkhaṇe. <span class="bld">Somanassadomanassānaṃ atthaṅgamā</span>ti cetasikasukhassa ca cetasikadukkhassa cāti imesampi dvinnaṃ pubbeva atthaṅgamā, pahānā icceva vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kadā pana nesaṃ pahānaṃ hoti? Catunnaṃ jhānānaṃ upacārakkhaṇe. Somanassañhi catutthajjhānassa upacārakkhaṇeyeva pahīyati, dukkhadomanassasukhāni paṭhamadutiyatatiyajjhānānaṃ upacārakkhaṇesu. Evametesaṃ pahānakkamena avuttānaṃ, <span class="bld">indriyavibhaṅge</span> pana indriyānaṃ uddesakkameneva idhāpi vuttānaṃ sukhadukkhasomanassadomanassānaṃ pahānaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadi panetāni tassa tassa jhānassa upacārakkhaṇeyeva pahīyanti, atha kasmā ‘‘kattha cuppannaṃ dukkhindriyaṃ aparisesaṃ nirujjhati? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vivicceva kāmehi…pe… paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati, ettha cuppannaṃ dukkhindriyaṃ aparisesaṃ nirujjhati. Kattha cuppannaṃ domanassindriyaṃ… sukhindriyaṃ… somanassindriyaṃ aparisesaṃ <a name="P1.0142"></a> nirujjhati? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu, sukhassa ca pahānā…pe… catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Ettha cuppannaṃ somanassindriyaṃ aparisesaṃ nirujjhatī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.510) evaṃ <a name="V0.0112"></a> jhānesveva nirodho vuttoti. Atisayanirodhattā. Atisayanirodho hi nesaṃ paṭhamajjhānādīsu, na nirodhoyeva. Nirodhoyeva pana upacārakkhaṇe nātisayanirodho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā <a name="M0.0123"></a> hi nānāvajjane paṭhamajjhānūpacāre niruddhassāpi dukkhindriyassa ḍaṃsamakasādisamphassena vā visamāsanupatāpena vā siyā uppatti, na tveva antoappanāyaṃ. Upacāre vā niruddhampetaṃ na suṭṭhu niruddhaṃ hoti, paṭipakkhena avihatattā. Antoappanāyaṃ pana pītipharaṇena sabbo kāyo sukhokkanto hoti, sukhokkantakāyassa ca suṭṭhu niruddhaṃ hoti dukkhindriyaṃ, paṭipakkhena vihatattā. Nānāvajjaneyeva ca dutiyajjhānūpacāre pahīnassāpi domanassindriyassa yasmā etaṃ vitakkavicārapaccayepi kāyakilamathe cittupaghāte ca sati uppajjati, vitakkavicārābhāve neva uppajjati. Yattha pana uppajjati, tattha vitakkavicārabhāve. Appahīnāyeva ca dutiyajjhānūpacāre vitakkavicārāti tatthassa siyā uppatti, na tveva dutiyajjhāne, pahīnappaccayattā. Tathā tatiyajjhānūpacāre pahīnassāpi sukhindriyassa pītisamuṭṭhānapaṇītarūpaphuṭakāyassa siyā uppatti, na tveva tatiyajjhāne. Tatiyajjhāne hi sukhassa paccayabhūtā pīti sabbaso niruddhāti. Tathā catutthajjhānūpacāre pahīnassāpi somanassindriyassa āsannattā, appanāpattāya upekkhāya abhāvena sammā anatikkantattā ca siyā uppatti, na tveva catutthajjhāne. Tasmā eva ca ‘‘etthuppannaṃ dukkhindriyaṃ aparisesaṃ nirujjhatī’’ti tattha tattha aparisesaggahaṇaṃ katanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Etthāha – ‘‘athevaṃ tassa tassa jhānassupacāre pahīnāpi etā vedanā idha kasmā samāhaṭā’’ti? Sukhaggahaṇatthaṃ. Yā hi ayaṃ <span class="bld">adukkhamasukha</span>nti ettha adukkhamasukhā vedanā vuttā, sā sukhumā dubbiññeyyā, na sakkā sukhena gahetuṃ, tasmā <a name="P1.0143"></a> yathā nāma duṭṭhassa yathā vā tathā vā upasaṅkamitvā gahetuṃ asakkuṇeyyassa goṇassa sukhagahaṇatthaṃ gopo ekasmiṃ vaje sabbā gāvo samāharati, athekekaṃ nīharanto paṭipāṭiyā āgataṃ ‘‘ayaṃ so gaṇhatha na’’nti tampi gāhāpeti, evameva bhagavā sukhaggahaṇatthaṃ sabbā etā samāharīti. Evañhi samāhaṭā etā dassetvā ‘‘yaṃ neva sukhaṃ, na dukkhaṃ, na somanassaṃ, na domanassaṃ, ayaṃ adukkhamasukhā vedanā’’ti sakkā hoti esā gāhayituṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Api ca adukkhamasukhāya cetovimuttiyā paccayadassanatthañcāpi etā vuttāti veditabbā. Dukkhappahānādayo hi tassā paccayā. Yathāha – ‘‘cattāro <a name="M0.0124"></a> kho, āvuso, paccayā adukkhamasukhāya cetovimuttiyā samāpattiyā. Idhāvuso, bhikkhu sukhassa ca pahānā <a name="V0.0113"></a> …pe… catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Ime kho, āvuso, cattāro paccayā adukkhamasukhāya cetovimuttiyā samāpattiyā’’ti (ma. ni. 1.458). Yathā vā aññattha pahīnāpi sakkāyadiṭṭhiādayo tatiyamaggassa vaṇṇabhaṇanatthaṃ ‘‘tattha pahīnā’’ti vuttā, evaṃ vaṇṇabhaṇanatthampetassa jhānassetā idha vuttātipi veditabbā. Paccayaghātena vā ettha rāgadosānaṃ atidūrabhāvaṃ dassetumpetā vuttāti veditabbā. Etāsu hi sukhaṃ somanassassa paccayo, somanassaṃ rāgassa, dukkhaṃ domanassassa, domanassaṃ dosassa. Sukhādighātena ca te sappaccayā rāgadosā hatāti atidūre hontīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Adukkhamasukha</span>nti dukkhābhāvena adukkhaṃ, sukhābhāvena asukhaṃ. Etenettha sukhadukkhapaṭipakkhabhūtaṃ tatiyavedanaṃ dīpeti, na dukkhasukhābhāvamattaṃ. Tatiyavedanā nāma adukkhamasukhā, upekkhātipi vuccati. Sā iṭṭhāniṭṭhaviparītānubhavanalakkhaṇā, majjhattarasā, avibhūtapaccupaṭṭhānā, sukhanirodhapadaṭṭhānāti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upekkhāsatipārisuddhi</span>nti upekkhāya janitasatipārisuddhiṃ. Imasmiñhi jhāne suparisuddhā sati, yā ca tassā satiyā <a name="P1.0144"></a> pārisuddhi, sā upekkhāya katā, na aññena. Tasmā etaṃ ‘‘upekkhāsatipārisuddhi’’nti vuccati. Yāya ca upekkhāya ettha sati pārisuddhi hoti, sā atthato tatramajjhattatāti veditabbā. Na kevalañcettha tāya satiyeva parisuddhā, api ca kho sabbepi sampayuttadhammā, satisīsena pana desanā vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha kiñcāpi ayaṃ upekkhā heṭṭhāpi tīsu jhānesu vijjati, yathā pana divā sūriyappabhābhibhavā sommabhāvena ca attano upakārakattena vā sabhāgāya rattiyā alābhā divā vijjamānāpi candalekhā aparisuddhā hoti apariyodātā, evamayampi tatramajjhattupekkhācandalekhā vitakkādipaccanīkadhammatejābhibhavā sabhāgāya ca upekkhāvedanārattiyā apaṭilābhā vijjamānāpi paṭhamajjhānādibhedesu aparisuddhā hoti. Tassā ca aparisuddhāya divā aparisuddhacandalekhāya pabhā viya sahajātāpi satiādayo <a name="M0.0125"></a> aparisuddhāva honti. Tasmā tesu ekampi ‘‘upekkhāsatipārisuddhi’’nti na vuttaṃ. Idha pana vitakkādipaccanīkadhammatejābhibhavābhāvā sabhāgāya ca upekkhāvedanārattiyā paṭilābhā ayaṃ tatramajjhattupekkhācandalekhā ativiya parisuddhā, tassā parisuddhattā parisuddhacandalekhāya pabhā viya sahajātāpi satiādayo parisuddhā honti pariyodātā. Tasmā idameva ‘‘upekkhāsatipārisuddhi’’nti <a name="V0.0114"></a> vuttanti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Catuttha</span>nti gaṇanānupubbatā catutthaṃ. Idaṃ catutthaṃ uppannantipi catutthaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paññavā hotī</span>ti paññā assa atthīti paññavā. <span class="bld">Udayatthagāminiyā</span>ti udayagāminiyā ceva atthagāminiyā ca. <span class="bld">Samannāgato</span>ti paripuṇṇo. <span class="bld">Ariyāyā</span>ti niddosāya. <span class="bld">Nibbedhikāyā</span>ti nibbedhapakkhikāya. <span class="bld">Dukkhakkhayagāminiyā</span>ti nibbānagāminiyā. <span class="bld">So idaṃ dukkha</span>nti evamādīsu ‘‘ettakaṃ dukkhaṃ na ito bhiyyo’’ti sabbampi dukkhasaccaṃ sarasalakkhaṇapaṭivedhena yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti paṭivijjhati. Tassa ca dukkhassa nibbattikaṃ taṇhaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’’</span>ti. Tadubhayampi yaṃ ṭhānaṃ patvā nirujjhati, taṃ tesaṃ appavattiṃ <a name="P1.0145"></a> nibbānaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’’</span>ti. Tassa ca sampāpakaṃ ariyamaggaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’’</span>ti sarasalakkhaṇapaṭivedhena yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti paṭivijjhatīti evamattho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ sarūpato saccāni dassetvā idāni kilesavasena pariyāyato dassento <span class="bld">‘‘ime āsavā’’</span>tiādimāha. Te vuttanayeneva veditabbā. Evaṃ tisso sikkhāyo dassetvā idāni tāsaṃ pāripūrikkamaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘imā tisso sikkhāyo āvajjanto sikkheyyā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tassattho – paccekaṃ paripūretuṃ āvajjantopi sikkheyya, āvajjitvāpi ‘‘ayaṃ nāma sikkhā’’ti jānantopi sikkheyya, jānitvā punappunaṃ passantopi sikkheyya, passitvā yathādiṭṭhaṃ paccavekkhantopi sikkheyya, paccavekkhitvā tattheva cittaṃ acalaṃ katvā patiṭṭhapentopi sikkheyya, taṃtaṃsikkhāsampayuttasaddhāvīriyasatisamādhipaññāhi sakasakakiccaṃ karontopi sikkheyya, abhiññeyyābhijānanakālepi taṃ taṃ kiccaṃ karontopi tisso sikkhāyo sikkheyya, adhisīlaṃ ācareyya, adhicittaṃ sammā careyya, adhipaññaṃ samādāya vatteyya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Idhā</span>ti <a name="M0.0126"></a> mūlapadaṃ. <span class="bld">Imissā diṭṭhiyā</span>tiādīhi dasahi padehi sikkhattayasaṅkhātaṃ sabbaññubuddhasāsanameva kathitaṃ. Tañhi buddhena bhagavatā diṭṭhattā <span class="bld">diṭṭhī</span>ti vuccati. Tasseva khamanavasena <span class="bld">khanti,</span> ruccanavasena <span class="bld">ruci,</span> gahaṇavasena <span class="bld">ādāyo,</span> sabhāvaṭṭhena <span class="bld">dhammo,</span> sikkhitabbaṭṭhena <span class="bld">vinayo,</span> tadubhayenapi <span class="bld">dhammavinayo,</span> pavuttavasena <span class="bld">pāvacanaṃ,</span> seṭṭhacariyaṭṭhena <span class="bld">brahmacariyaṃ,</span> anusiṭṭhidānavasena <span class="bld">satthusāsana</span>nti vuccati. Tasmā ‘‘imissā diṭṭhiyā’’tiādīsu imissā buddhadiṭṭhiyā imissā buddhakhantiyā imissā buddharuciyā imasmiṃ buddhaādāye imasmiṃ buddhadhamme imasmiṃ buddhavinaye.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Ye <a name="V0.0115"></a> kho tvaṃ, gotami, dhamme jāneyyāsi ‘ime dhammā sarāgāya saṃvattanti, no virāgāya, saññogāya saṃvattanti, no visaññogāya, ācayāya saṃvattanti, no apacayāya, mahicchatāya saṃvattanti, no appicchatāya, asantuṭṭhiyā saṃvattanti, no santuṭṭhiyā, saṅgaṇikāya saṃvattanti<a name="P1.0146"></a>, no pavivekāya, kosajjāya saṃvattanti, no vīriyārambhāya, dubbharatāya saṃvattanti, no subharatāyā’ti. Ekaṃsena, gotami, dhāreyyāsi ‘neso dhammo, neso vinayo, netaṃ satthusāsana’nti.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Ye ca kho tvaṃ, gotami, dhamme jāneyyāsi ‘ime dhammā virāgāya saṃvattanti, no sarāgāya…pe… subharatāya saṃvattanti, no dubbharatāyā’ti. Ekaṃsena, gotami, dhāreyyāsi ‘eso dhammo, eso vinayo, etaṃ satthusāsana’’’nti (a. ni. 8.53; cūḷava. 406) –</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ vutte imasmiṃ buddhadhammavinaye imasmiṃ buddhapāvacane imasmiṃ buddhabrahmacariye imasmiṃ buddhasāsaneti evamattho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Api cetaṃ sikkhattayasaṅkhātaṃ sakalaṃ sāsanaṃ bhagavatā diṭṭhattā sammādiṭṭhipaccayattā sammādiṭṭhipubbaṅgamattā ca diṭṭhi. Bhagavato khamanavasena khanti. Ruccanavasena ruci. Gahaṇavasena ādāyo. Attano kārakaṃ apāyesu apatamānaṃ katvā dhāretīti dhammo. Sova saṃkilesapakkhaṃ vinetīti vinayo. Dhammo ca so vinayo cāti dhammavinayo. Kusaladhammehi vā akusaladhammānaṃ esa vinayoti dhammavinayo. Teneva vuttaṃ –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Ye <a name="M0.0127"></a> ca kho tvaṃ, gotami, dhamme jāneyyāsi ‘ime dhammā virāgāya saṃvattanti, no sarāgāya…pe… ekaṃsena gotami dhāreyyāsi ‘eso dhammo, eso vinayo, etaṃ satthusāsana’’’nti (a. ni. 8.53; cūḷava. 406).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dhammena vā vinayo, na daṇḍādīhīti dhammavinayo. Vuttampi cetaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Daṇḍeneke damayanti, aṅkusehi kasāhi ca;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Adaṇḍena asatthena, nāgo danto mahesinā’’ti. (cūḷava. 342; ma. ni. 2.352);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā <a name="V0.0116"></a> –</p>
<p class="gathalast">‘‘Dhammena nīyamānānaṃ, kā usūyā vijānata’’nti. (mahāva. 63);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dhammāya vā vinayo dhammavinayo. Anavajjadhammatthañhesa vinayo, na bhavabhogāmisatthaṃ. Tenāha bhagavā ‘‘nayidaṃ, bhikkhave, brahmacariyaṃ vussati janakuhanattha’’nti <a name="P1.0147"></a> (a. ni. 4.25) vitthāro. Puṇṇattheropi āha ‘‘anupādāparinibbānatthaṃ kho, āvuso, bhagavati brahmacariyaṃ vussatī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.259). Visiṭṭhaṃ vā nayatīti vinayo. Dhammato vinayo dhammavinayo. Saṃsāradhammato hi sokādidhammato vā esa visiṭṭhaṃ nibbānaṃ nayati. Dhammassa vā vinayo, na titthakarānanti dhammavinayo. Dhammabhūto hi bhagavā, tasseva vinayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā vā dhammā eva abhiññeyyā pariññeyyā pahātabbā bhāvetabbā sacchikātabbā ca, tasmā esa dhammesu vinayo, na sattesu na jīvesu cāti dhammavinayo. Sātthasabyañjanatādīhi aññesaṃ vacanato padhānaṃ vacananti pavacanaṃ, pavacanameva pāvacanaṃ. Sabbacariyāhi visiṭṭhacariyabhāvena brahmacariyaṃ. Devamanussānaṃ satthubhūtassa bhagavato sāsananti satthusāsanaṃ. Satthubhūtaṃ vā sāsanantipi satthusāsanaṃ. ‘‘So vo mamaccayena satthāti (dī. ni. 2.216) hi dhammavinayova satthā’’ti vuttoti evametesaṃ padānaṃ attho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā pana imasmiṃyeva sāsane sabbappakārajjhānanibbattako bhikkhu dissati, na aññatra, tasmā tattha tattha ‘‘imissā’’ti ca ‘‘imasmi’’nti ca ayaṃ niyamo katoti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Jīvanti <a name="M0.0128"></a> tena taṃsampayuttakā dhammāti jīvitaṃ. Anupālanalakkhaṇe indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti indriyaṃ. Jīvitameva indriyaṃ <span class="bld">jīvitindriyaṃ</span>. Taṃ pavattasantatādhipateyyaṃ hoti. Lakkhaṇādīhi pana attanā avinibhuttānaṃ dhammānaṃ anupālanalakkhaṇaṃ jīvitindriyaṃ, tesaṃ pavattanarasaṃ, tesaṃyeva ṭhapanapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ, yāpayitabbadhammapadaṭṭhānaṃ. Santepi ca anupālanalakkhaṇādimhi vidhāne atthikkhaṇeyeva taṃ te dhamme anupāleti, udakaṃ viya uppalādīni. Yathāsakaṃ paccayehi uppannepi ca dhamme pāleti, dhāti viya kumāraṃ, sayaṃpavattitadhammasambandheneva <a name="P1.0148"></a> ca pavattati, niyāmako viya nāvaṃ. Na bhaṅgato uddhaṃ pavattayati, attano ca pavattayitabbānañca abhāvā. Na bhaṅgakkhaṇe ṭhapeti, sayaṃ bhijjamānattā, khīyamāno viya vaṭṭisineho padīpasikhaṃ, na ca anupālanapavattanaṭṭhapanānubhāvavirahitaṃ<a name="V0.0117"></a>, yathāvuttakkhaṇe tassa tassa sādhanatoti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Ṭhitiparittatāya vā</span>ti ṭhitikkhaṇassa mandatāya thokatāya. <span class="bld">Appaka</span>nti mandaṃ lāmakaṃ. <span class="bld">Sarasaparittatāya vā</span>ti attano paccayabhūtānaṃ kiccānaṃ sampattīnaṃ vā appatāya dubbalatāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tesaṃ dvinnaṃ kāraṇaṃ vibhāgato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kathaṃ ṭhitiparittatāyā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha ‘‘atīte cittakkhaṇe jīvitthāti evamādi pañcavokārabhave pavattiyaṃ cittassa nirujjhanakāle sabbasmiṃ rūpārūpadhamme anirujjhantepi rūpato arūpassa paṭṭhānabhāvena arūpajīvitaṃ sandhāya, cuticittena vā saddhiṃ sabbesaṃ rūpārūpānaṃ nirujjhanabhāvena pañcavokārabhave cuticittaṃ sandhāya, catuvokārabhave rūpassa abhāvena catuvokārabhavaṃ sandhāya kathita’’nti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Atīte cittakkhaṇe</span>ti atītacittassa bhaṅgakkhaṇasamaṅgīkāle taṃsamaṅgīpuggalo ‘‘jīvittha’’ iti vattuṃ labbhati. <span class="bld">Na jīvatī</span>ti ‘‘jīvatī’’tipi vattuṃ na labbhati. <span class="bld">Na jīvissatī</span>ti ‘‘jīvissatī’’tipi vattuṃ na labbhati. <span class="bld">Anāgate cittakkhaṇe jīvissatī</span>ti anāgatacittassa anuppajjanakkhaṇasamaṅgīkāle ‘‘jīvissatī’’ti vattuṃ labbhati. <span class="bld">Na jīvatī</span>ti ‘‘jīvatī’’ti vattuṃ na labbhati. <span class="bld">Na jīvitthā</span>ti ‘‘jīvittha’’itipi vattuṃ na labbhati. <span class="bld">Paccuppanne cittakkhaṇe</span>ti paccuppannacittakkhaṇasamaṅgīkāle. <span class="bld">Jīvatī</span>ti ‘‘idāni jīvatī’’ti vattuṃ labbhati. <span class="bld">Na jīvitthā</span>ti ‘‘jīvittha’’iti vattuṃ na labbhati. <span class="bld">Na jīvissatī</span>ti ‘‘jīvissatī’’tipi vattuṃ na labbhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Jīvitaṃ</span> <a name="M0.0129"></a> <span class="bld">attabhāvo ca sukhadukkhā cā</span>ti ayaṃ gāthā pañcavokārabhavaṃ amuñcitvā labbhamānāya dukkhāya vedanāya gahitattā <a name="P1.0149"></a> pañcavokārabhavameva sandhāya vuttāti veditabbā. Kathaṃ? <span class="bld">Jīvita</span>nti jīvitasīsena saṅkhārakkhandho. <span class="bld">Attabhāvo</span>ti rūpakkhandho. ‘‘Upekkhā pana santattā, sukhamicceva bhāsitā’’ti (vibha. aṭṭha. 232) vuttattā upekkhāvedanā antokaritvā <span class="bld">sukhadukkhā cā</span>ti vedanākkhandho, cittaṃ iti viññāṇakkhandho vutto. Imesaṃ catunnaṃ khandhānaṃ kathitattāyeva khandhalakkhaṇena ekalakkhaṇabhāvena lakkhaṇākāravasena saññākkhandhopi kathitoti veditabbo. Evaṃ vuttesu pañcasu khandhesu arūpadhammaṃ muñcitvā kammasamuṭṭhānādirūpassa appavattanabhāvena <span class="bld">ekacittasamāyuttā</span>ti arūpapadhānabhāvo kathito hoti. Kathaṃ? Asaññasatte rūpampi idhupacitakammabalaṃ amuñcitvāva pavattati, nirodhasamāpannānaṃ rūpampi paṭhamasamāpannasamāpattibalaṃ amuñcitvāva pavattati. Evaṃ attano appavattiṭṭhānepi rūpapavattiṃ attano santakameva katvā pavattanasabhāvassa arūpadhammassa attano pavattiṭṭhāne rūpapavattiyā padhānakāraṇabhāvena ekacittasamāyuttāti cittapadhānabhāvo kathitoti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ <a name="V0.0118"></a> pañcavokārabhave pavattiyaṃ rūpapavattiyā padhānabhūtacittanirodhena rūpe dharamāneyeva pavattānaṃ nirodho nāma hotīti arūpadhammavasena eva <span class="bld">‘‘lahuso vattate khaṇo’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Atha vā pañcavokārabhave cuticittaṃ sandhāya kathitāti veditabbā. Evaṃ kathiyamāne sukhadukkhā cāti kāyikacetasikasukhavedanā ca kāyikacetasikadukkhavedanā ca cuticittakkhaṇe ahontīpi ekasantativasena cuticittena saddhiṃ nirujjhatīti kathitā. Catuvokārabhavaṃ vā sandhāya kathitātipi veditabbā. Kathaṃ<a name="P1.0150"></a>? Aññasmiṃ ṭhāne attabhāvoti saññākkhandhassa vuttabhāvena attabhāvoti saññākkhandhova gahito. Brahmaloke kāyikasukhadukkhadomanassaṃ ahontampi sukhadukkhā cāti vedanāsāmaññato labbhamāno vedanākkhandho gahitoti veditabbaṃ. Sesaṃ vuttasadisameva. Imesu ca tīsu vikappesu <span class="bld">kevalā</span>ti dhuvasukhasubhaattā natthi, kevalaṃ tehi avomissā. <span class="bld">Lahuso vattati khaṇo</span>ti vuttanayena ekacittakkhaṇikatāya lahuko atiparitto jīvitādīnaṃ khaṇo vattati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ekato <a name="M0.0130"></a> dvinnaṃ cittānaṃ appavattiṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘cullāsītisahassānī’’</span>ti gāthamāha. <span class="bld">Cullāsītisahassāni, kappā tiṭṭhanti ye marū</span>ti ye devagaṇā caturāsīti kappasahassāni āyuṃ gahetvā nevasaññānāsaññāyatane tiṭṭhanti. ‘‘Ye narā’’tipi pāḷi. <span class="bld">Na tveva tepi jīvanti, dvīhi cittasamohitā</span>ti tepi devā dvīhi cittehi samohitā ekato hutvā yuganaddhena cittena na tu eva jīvanti, ekenekena cittena jīvantīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni maraṇakālaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘ye niruddhā’’</span>ti gāthamāha. Tattha <span class="bld">ye niruddhā</span>ti ye khandhā niruddhā atthaṅgatā. <span class="bld">Marantassā</span>ti matassa. <span class="bld">Tiṭṭhamānassa vā</span>ti dharamānassa vā. <span class="bld">Sabbepi sadisā khandhā</span>ti cutito uddhaṃ niruddhakkhandhā vā pavatte niruddhakkhandhā vā puna ghaṭetuṃ asakkuṇeyyaṭṭhena sabbepi khandhā sadisā. <span class="bld">Gatā appaṭisandhikā</span>ti niruddhakkhandhānaṃ puna āgantvā paṭisandhānābhāvena gatā appaṭisandhikāti vuccanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni tīsu kālesu niruddhakkhandhānaṃ nānattaṃ natthīti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘anantarā’’</span>ti gāthamāha. Tattha <span class="bld">anantarā ca ye bhaggā, ye ca bhaggā anāgatā</span>ti ye khandhā anantarātītā hutvā <a name="P1.0151"></a> bhinnā niruddhā, ye ca anāgatā khandhā bhijjissanti. <span class="bld">Tadantare</span>ti tesaṃ antare niruddhānaṃ paccuppannakhandhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Vesamaṃ natthi lakkhaṇe</span>ti visamassa bhāvo vesamaṃ, taṃ vesamaṃ natthi, tehi nānattaṃ natthīti attho. Lakkhīyatīti lakkhaṇaṃ, tasmiṃ lakkhaṇe.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni <a name="V0.0119"></a> anāgatakkhandhānaṃ vattamānakkhandhehi asammissabhāvaṃ kathento <span class="bld">‘‘anibbattena na jāto’’</span>ti gāthamāha. <span class="bld">Anibbattena na jāto</span>ti ajātena apātubhūtena anāgatakkhandhena na jāto na nibbatto. Etena anāgatakkhandhassa vattamānakkhandhena asammissabhāvaṃ kathesi. <span class="bld">Paccuppannena jīvatī</span>ti khaṇapaccuppannena vattamānakkhandhena jīvati. Etena ekakkhaṇe dvīhi cittehi na jīvatīti kathitaṃ. <span class="bld">Cittabhaggā mato</span>ti dvīhi cittehi ekakkhaṇe ajīvanabhāvena cittabhaṅgena mato. ‘‘Uparito cittabhaṅgā’’tipi pāḷi, taṃ ujukameva. <span class="bld">Paññatti paramatthiyā</span>ti ‘‘rūpaṃ jīrati maccānaṃ, nāmagottaṃ na jīratī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 1.76) vacanakkamena paṇṇattimattaṃ na jīraṇasabhāvena paramā ṭhiti etissāti paramatthiyā, sabhāvaṭṭhitikāti attho. ‘‘Datto <a name="M0.0131"></a> mato, mitto mato’’ti paṇṇattimattameva hi tiṭṭhati. Atha vā <span class="bld">paramatthiyā</span>ti paramatthikā. Paramo attho etissāti paramatthikā. Ajaṭākāsoti paññattiyā natthidhammaṃ paṭicca kathanaṃ viya matoti paññatti natthidhammaṃ paṭicca na kathiyati, jīvitindriyabhaṅgasaṅkhātaṃ dhammaṃ paṭicca kathiyati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anidhānagatā</span> <a name="P1.0152"></a> <span class="bld">bhaggā</span>ti ye khandhā bhinnā, te nidhānaṃ nihitaṃ nicayaṃ na gacchantīti anidhānagatā. <span class="bld">Puñjo natthi anāgate</span>ti anāgatepi nesaṃ puñjabhāvo rāsibhāvo natthi. <span class="bld">Nibbattāyeva tiṭṭhantī</span>ti paccuppannavasena uppannā ṭhitikkhaṇe vayadhammāva hutvā tiṭṭhanti. Kimiva? <span class="bld">Āragge sāsapūpamā</span>ti sūcimukhe sāsapo viya.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni khandhānaṃ dassanabhāvaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘nibbattāna’’</span>nti gāthamāha. Tattha <span class="bld">nibbattānaṃ dhammāna</span>nti paccuppannānaṃ khandhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhaṅgo nesaṃ purakkhato</span>ti etesaṃ bhedo purato katvā ṭhapito. <span class="bld">Palokadhammā</span>ti nassanasabhāvā. <span class="bld">Purāṇehi adhissitā</span>ti pure uppannehi khandhehi na missitā na saṃsaggā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni khandhānaṃ adassanabhāvaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘adassanato āyantī’’</span>ti gāthamāha. Tattha <span class="bld">adassanato āyantī</span>ti adissamānāyeva āgacchanti uppajjanti. <span class="bld">Bhaṅgā gacchantidassana</span>nti bhedā bhaṅgato uddhaṃ adassanabhāvaṃ gacchanti. <span class="bld">Vijjuppādova ākāse</span>ti vivaṭākāse vijjulatāniccharaṇaṃ viya. <span class="bld">Uppajjanti vayanti cā</span>ti pubbantato uddhaṃ uppajjanti ca bhijjanti ca, nassantīti attho. ‘‘Udeti āpūrati veti cando’’ti (jā. 1.5.3) evamādīsu viya.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ <a name="V0.0120"></a> ṭhitiparittataṃ dassetvā idāni sarasaparittataṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘kathaṃ sarasaparittatāyā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">assāsūpanibandhaṃ jīvita</span>nti abbhantarapavisananāsikavātapaṭibaddhaṃ jīvitindriyaṃ. <span class="bld">Passāso</span>ti bahinikkhamananāsikavāto. <span class="bld">Assāsapassāso</span>ti tadubhayaṃ. <span class="bld">Mahābhūtūpanibandha</span>nti catusamuṭṭhānikānaṃ pathavīāpatejavāyānaṃ mahābhūtānaṃ paṭibaddhaṃ jīvitaṃ. <span class="bld">Kabaḷīkārāhārūpanibandha</span>nti asitapītādikabaḷīkāraāhārena upanibandhaṃ. <span class="bld">Usmūpanibandha</span>nti <a name="P1.0153"></a> kammajatejodhātūpanibandhaṃ. <span class="bld">Viññāṇūpanibandha</span>nti bhavaṅgaviññāṇūpanibandhaṃ. Yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ ‘‘āyu usmā ca viññāṇaṃ, yadā kāyaṃ jahantima’’nti (saṃ. ni. 3.95).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni <a name="M0.0132"></a> nesaṃ dubbalakāraṇaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘mūlampi imesaṃ dubbala’’</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">mūlampī</span>ti patiṭṭhaṭṭhena mūlabhūtampi. Assāsapassāsānañhi karajakāyo mūlaṃ. Mahābhūtādīnaṃ avijjākammataṇhāhārā. <span class="bld">Imesa</span>nti vuttappakārānaṃ assāsādīnaṃ jīvitindriyapavattikāraṇavasena vuttānaṃ. Etesu hi ekekasmiṃ asati jīvitindriyaṃ na tiṭṭhati. <span class="bld">Dubbala</span>nti appathāmaṃ. <span class="bld">Pubbahetūpī</span>ti atītajātiyaṃ imassa vipākavaṭṭassa hetubhūtā kāraṇasaṅkhātā avijjāsaṅkhārataṇhupādānabhavāpi. <span class="bld">Imesaṃ dubbalā ye paccayā tepi dubbalā</span>ti ye ārammaṇādisādhāraṇapaccayā. <span class="bld">Pabhāvikā</span>ti padhānaṃ hutvā uppādikā bhavataṇhā. <span class="bld">Sahabhūmī</span>ti sahabhavikāpi rūpārūpadhammā. <span class="bld">Sampayogāpī</span>ti ekato yuttāpi arūpadhammā. <span class="bld">Sahajāpī</span>ti saddhiṃ ekacitte uppannāpi. <span class="bld">Yāpi payojikā</span>ti cutipaṭisandhivasena yojetuṃ niyuttāti payojikā, vaṭṭamūlakā taṇhā. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘taṇhādutiyo puriso’’ti (itivu. 15, 105). <span class="bld">Niccadubbalā</span>ti nirantarena dubbalā. <span class="bld">Anavaṭṭhitā</span>ti na avaṭṭhitā, otaritvā na ṭhitā. <span class="bld">Paripātayanti ime</span>ti ime aññamaññaṃ pātayanti khepayanti. <span class="bld">Aññamaññassā</span>ti añño aññassa, eko ekassāti attho. <span class="bld">Hi</span>-iti kāraṇatthe nipāto. <span class="bld">Natthi tāyitā</span>ti tāyano rakkhako natthi. <span class="bld">Na cāpi ṭhapenti aññamañña</span>nti aññe aññaṃ ṭhapetuṃ na sakkonti. <span class="bld">Yopi</span> <a name="P1.0154"></a> <span class="bld">nibbattako so na vijjatī</span>ti yopi imesaṃ uppādako dhammo, so idāni natthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na ca kenaci koci hāyatī</span>ti koci ekopi kassaci vasena na parihāyati. <span class="bld">Gandhabbā ca ime hi sabbaso</span>ti sabbe hi ime khandhā sabbākārena bhaṅgaṃ pāpuṇituṃ yuttā. <span class="bld">Purimehi pabhāvitā ime</span>ti pubbahetupaccayehi ime vattamānakā uppādikā. <span class="bld">Yepi pabhāvikā</span>ti yepi ime vattamānakā uppādakā pubbahetupaccayā. <span class="bld">Te pure matā</span>ti te vuttappakārapaccayā vattamānaṃ apāpuṇitvā paṭhamameva maraṇaṃ pattā. <span class="bld">Purimāpi ca pacchimāpi cā</span>ti purimā pubbahetupaccayāpi <a name="V0.0121"></a> ca pacchimā vattamāne paccayasamuppannā ca. <span class="bld">Aññamaññaṃ na kadāci maddasaṃsū</span>ti aññamaññaṃ kismiñci kāle na diṭṭhapubbā. <span class="bld">Ma</span>-kāro padasandhivasena vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cātumahārājikānaṃ devāna</span>nti dhataraṭṭhavirūḷhakavirūpakkhakuverasaṅkhātā catumahārājā issarā etesanti cātumahārājikā. Rūpādīhi dibbanti kīḷantīti <a name="M0.0133"></a> <span class="bld">devā</span>. Te sinerupabbatassa vemajjhe honti. Tesu atthi pabbataṭṭhakāpi, atthi ākāsaṭṭhakāpi. Tesaṃ paramparā cakkavāḷapabbataṃ pattā. Khiḍḍāpadosikā manopadosikā sītavalāhakā uṇhavalāhakā candimā devaputto sūriyo devaputtoti ete sabbepi cātumahārājikadevalokaṭṭhā eva tesaṃ cātumahārājikānaṃ jīvitaṃ. <span class="bld">Upādāyā</span>ti paṭicca. <span class="bld">Parittaka</span>nti vuddhipaṭisedho. <span class="bld">Thoka</span>nti mandakālaṃ, dīghadivasapaṭisedho. <span class="bld">Khaṇika</span>nti mandakālaṃ, kālantarapaṭisedho. <span class="bld">Lahuka</span>nti sallahukaṃ, alasapaṭisedho. <span class="bld">Itara</span>nti sīghabalavapaṭisedho<a name="P1.0155"></a>. <span class="bld">Anaddhanīya</span>nti kālavasena na addhānakkhamaṃ. <span class="bld">Naciraṭṭhitika</span>nti divasena ciraṃ na tiṭṭhatīti naciraṭṭhitikaṃ, divasapaṭisedho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tāvatiṃsāna</span>nti tettiṃsajanā tattha upapannāti tāvatiṃsā. Api ca tāvatiṃsāti tesaṃ devānaṃ nāmamevātipi vuttaṃ. Tepi atthi pabbataṭṭhakā, atthi ākāsaṭṭhakā, tesaṃ paramparā cakkavāḷapabbataṃ pattā. Tathā <span class="bld">yāmā</span>dīnaṃ. Ekadevalokepi hi devānaṃ paramparā cakkavāḷapabbataṃ appattā nāma natthi. Dibbasukhaṃ yātā payātā sampattāti <span class="bld">yāmā</span>. Tuṭṭhā pahaṭṭhāti <span class="bld">tusitā</span>. Pakatipaṭiyattārammaṇato atirekena nimmitukāmakāle yathārucite bhoge nimminitvā ramantīti <span class="bld">nimmānaratī</span>. Cittācāraṃ ñatvā parehi nimmitesu bhogesu vasaṃ vattentīti <span class="bld">paranimmitavasavattī</span>. Brahmakāye brahmaghaṭāya niyuttāti <span class="bld">brahmakāyikā</span>. Sabbepi pañcavokārabrahmāno gahitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gamaniyo</span>ti gandhabbo. <span class="bld">Samparāyo</span>ti paraloko. <span class="bld">Yo bhikkhave ciraṃ jīvati, so vassasata</span>nti yo ciraṃ tiṭṭhamāno, so vassasatamattaṃ tiṭṭhati. <span class="bld">Appaṃ vā bhiyyo</span>ti vassasatato upari tiṭṭhamāno dve vassasatāni tiṭṭhamāno nāma natthi. <span class="bld">Hīḷeyya na</span>nti naṃ jīvitaṃ avaññātaṃ kareyya, lāmakato cinteyya. ‘‘Hīḷeyyāna’’nti ca paṭhanti. <span class="bld">Accayantī</span>ti atikkamanti. <span class="bld">Ahorattā</span>ti rattindivaparicchedā. <span class="bld">Uparujjhatī</span>ti jīvitindriyaṃ nirujjhati, abhāvaṃ upagacchati. <span class="bld">Āyu khiyyati maccāna</span>nti sattānaṃ āyusaṅkhāro khayaṃ yāti. <span class="bld">Kunnadīnaṃva odaka</span>nti yathā udakacchinnāya kunnadiyā udakaṃ, evaṃ maccānaṃ āyu khiyyati. Paramatthato hi atiparitto sattānaṃ jīvitakkhaṇo ekacittakkhaṇikamattoyeva. Yathā nāma rathacakkaṃ pavattamānampi <a name="V0.0122"></a><a name="M0.0134"></a> ekeneva nemipadesena pavattati, tiṭṭhamānampi ekeneva tiṭṭhati, evameva ekacittakkhaṇikaṃ sattānaṃ jīvitaṃ <a name="P1.0156"></a> tasmiṃ citte niruddhamatte satto niruddhoti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dhīrā</span>ti dhīrā iti. Puna <span class="bld">dhīrā</span>ti paṇḍitā. <span class="bld">Dhitimā</span>ti dhiti assa atthīti dhitimā. <span class="bld">Dhitisampannā</span>ti paṇḍiccena samannāgatā. <span class="bld">Dhīkatapāpā</span>ti garahitapāpā. Taṃyeva pariyāyaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘dhī vuccati paññā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha pajānātīti <span class="bld">paññā</span>. Kiṃ pajānāti? ‘‘Idaṃ dukkha’’ntiādinā nayena ariyasaccāni. Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ pana ‘‘paññāpanavasena paññā’’ti vuttā. Kinti paññāpeti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ anattā’’ti paññāpeti. Sāva avijjāya abhibhavanato adhipatiyaṭṭhena indriyaṃ, dassanalakkhaṇe vā indaṭṭhaṃ kāretītipi indriyaṃ, paññāva indriyaṃ <span class="bld">paññindriyaṃ</span>. Sā panesā obhāsanalakkhaṇā, pajānanalakkhaṇā ca; yathā hi catubhittike gehe rattibhāge dīpe jalite andhakāraṃ nirujjhati, āloko pātubhavati, evameva obhāsanalakkhaṇā paññā. Paññobhāsasamo obhāso nāma natthi. Paññavato hi ekapallaṅkena nisinnassa dasasahassilokadhātu ekālokā hoti. Tenāha thero –</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Yathā, mahārāja, puriso andhakāre gehe telappadīpaṃ paveseyya, paviṭṭho padīpo andhakāraṃ viddhaṃseti, obhāsaṃ janeti, ālokaṃ vidaṃseti, pākaṭāni ca rūpāni karoti; evameva kho, mahārāja, paññā uppajjamānā avijjandhakāraṃ viddhaṃseti, vijjobhāsaṃ janeti, ñāṇālokaṃ vidaṃseti, pākaṭāni ariyasaccāni karoti. Evaṃ kho, mahārāja, obhāsanalakkhaṇā paññā’’ti (mi. pa. 2.1.15).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā pana cheko bhisakko āturānaṃ sappāyāsappāyāni bhojanādīni jānāti, evaṃ paññā uppajjamānā kusalākusale sevitabbāsevitabbe hīnappaṇītakaṇhasukkasappaṭibhāgaappaṭibhāge dhamme pajānāti. Vuttampi cetaṃ dhammasenāpatinā ‘‘pajānāti pajānātīti kho, āvuso, tasmā paññavāti vuccati. Kiñca pajānāti? Idaṃ dukkhanti pajānātī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.449) vitthāretabbaṃ. Evamassā pajānanalakkhaṇatā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparo <a name="P1.0157"></a><a name="M0.0135"></a> nayo – yathāsabhāvapaṭivedhalakkhaṇā paññā, akkhalitapaṭivedhalakkhaṇā vā, kusalissāsakhittausupaṭivedho viya. Visayobhāsarasā, padīpo viya. Asammohapaccupaṭṭhānā, araññagatasudesako viya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Khandhadhīrā</span>ti <a name="V0.0123"></a> pañcasu khandhesuñāṇaṃ pavattentīti khandhadhīrā. Aṭṭhārasasu dhātūsu ñāṇaṃ pavattentīti <span class="bld">dhātudhīrā</span>. Sesesupi iminā nayena attho netabbo. <span class="bld">Te dhīrā evamāhaṃsū</span>ti ete paṇḍitā evaṃ kathayiṃsu. <span class="bld">Kathentī</span>ti ‘‘appakaṃ parittaka’’nti kathayanti. <span class="bld">Bhaṇantī</span>ti ‘‘thokaṃ khaṇika’’nti bhāsanti. <span class="bld">Dīpayantī</span>ti ‘‘lahukaṃ ittara’’nti patiṭṭhapenti. <span class="bld">Voharantī</span>ti ‘‘anaddhanikaṃ naciraṭṭhitika’’nti nānāvidhena byavaharanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para11"></a><span class="paranum">11</span>. Idāni ye tathā na karonti, tesaṃ byasanuppattiṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘passāmī’’</span>ti gāthamāha. Tattha <span class="bld">passāmī</span>ti maṃsacakkhuādīhi pekkhāmi. <span class="bld">Loke</span>ti apāyādimhi. <span class="bld">Pariphandamāna</span>nti ito cito ca phandamānaṃ. <span class="bld">Pajaṃ ima</span>nti imaṃ sattakāyaṃ. <span class="bld">Taṇhāgata</span>nti taṇhāya gataṃ abhibhūtaṃ nipātitanti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Bhavesū</span>ti kāmabhavādīsu. <span class="bld">Hīnā narā</span>ti hīnakammantā narā. <span class="bld">Maccumukhe lapantī</span>ti antakāle sampatte maraṇamukhe paridevanti. <span class="bld">Avītataṇhāse</span>ti avigatataṇhā. <span class="bld">Bhavā</span>ti kāmabhavādikā. <span class="bld">Bhavesū</span>ti kāmabhavādikesu. Atha vā <span class="bld">bhavābhavesū</span>ti bhavabhavesu, punappunabhavesūti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Passāmīti maṃsacakkhunāpi passāmī</span>ti duvidhaṃ maṃsacakkhu – sasambhāracakkhu pasādacakkhūti. Tattha yoyaṃ akkhikūpake patiṭṭhito heṭṭhā akkhikūpakaṭṭhikena upari bhamukaṭṭhikena ubhato akkhikūṭehi bahiddhā akkhilomehi paricchinno akkhikūpakamajjhā nikkhantena nhārusuttakena matthaluṅge ābaddho setakaṇhamaṇḍalavicitto maṃsapiṇḍo, idaṃ <span class="bld">sasambhāracakkhu</span> nāma. Yo pana <a name="P1.0158"></a> ettha sito ettha paṭibaddho catunnaṃ mahābhūtānaṃ upādāya pasādo, idaṃ <span class="bld">pasādacakkhu</span> nāma. Idamadhippetaṃ. Tadetaṃ tassa sasambhāracakkhuno setamaṇḍalaparikkhittassa kaṇhamaṇḍalassa majjhe abhimukhe ṭhitānaṃ sarīrasaṇṭhānuppattipadese diṭṭhamaṇḍale sattasu <a name="M0.0136"></a> picupaṭalesu āsittatelaṃ picupaṭalāni viya sattakkhipaṭalāni byāpetvā pamāṇato ūkāsiramattaṃ cakkhuviññāṇādīnaṃ yathārahaṃ vatthudvārabhāvaṃ sādhayamānaṃ tiṭṭhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Taṃ cakkhatīti cakkhu, tena maṃsacakkhunā passāmi. <span class="bld">Dibbacakkhunā</span>ti ‘‘addasaṃ kho ahaṃ, bhikkhave, dibbena cakkhunā visuddhenā’’ti (ma. ni. 1.284) evaṃvidhena dibbacakkhunā. <span class="bld">Paññācakkhunā</span>ti ‘‘virajaṃ vītamalaṃ dhammacakkhuṃ udapādī’’ti (ma. ni. 2.395; mahāva. 16) evaṃ āgatena paññācakkhunā. <span class="bld">Buddhacakkhunā</span>ti ‘‘addasaṃ kho ahaṃ, bhikkhave, buddhacakkhunā lokaṃ volokento’’ti (ma. ni. 1.283) evamāgatena buddhacakkhunā. <span class="bld">Samantacakkhunā</span>ti ‘‘samantacakkhu vuccati sabbaññutaññāṇa’’nti (cūḷani. dhotakamāṇavapucchāiddesa 32; mogharājamāṇavapucchāniddesa 85) evamāgatena <a name="V0.0124"></a> samantacakkhunā. <span class="bld">Passāmī</span>ti maṃsacakkhunā hatthatale ṭhapitāmalakaṃ viya rūpagataṃ maṃsacakkhunā. <span class="bld">Dakkhāmī</span>ti sañjānāmi dibbena cakkhunā cutūpapātaṃ. <span class="bld">Olokemī</span>ti avalokemi paññācakkhunā catusaccaṃ. <span class="bld">Nijjhāyāmī</span>ti cintemi buddhacakkhunā saddhāpañcamakāni indriyāni. <span class="bld">Upaparikkhāmī</span>ti samantato ikkhāmi pariyesāmi samantacakkhunā pañca neyyapathe.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Taṇhāphandanāya phandamāna</span>nti taṇhācalanāya calamānaṃ. Ito paraṃ diṭṭhiphandanādidiṭṭhibyasanena dukkhena phandamānapariyosānaṃ vuttanayattā uttānameva. <span class="bld">Samphandamāna</span>nti punappunaṃ phandamānaṃ. <span class="bld">Vipphandamāna</span>nti nānāvidhena calamānaṃ. <span class="bld">Vedhamāna</span>nti kampamānaṃ. <span class="bld">Pavedhamāna</span>nti padhānena kampamānaṃ. <span class="bld">Sampavedhamāna</span>nti <a name="P1.0159"></a> punappunaṃ kampamānaṃ. Upasaggena vā padaṃ vaḍḍhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Taṇhānugata</span>nti taṇhāya anupaviṭṭhaṃ. <span class="bld">Taṇhāyānusaṭa</span>nti taṇhāya anupatthaṭaṃ. <span class="bld">Taṇhāyāsanna</span>nti taṇhāya nimuggaṃ. <span class="bld">Taṇhāya pātita</span>nti taṇhāya khittaṃ. ‘‘Paripātita’’nti vā pāṭho. <span class="bld">Abhibhūta</span>nti taṇhāya madditaṃ ajjhotthaṭaṃ. <span class="bld">Pariyādinnacitta</span>nti khepetvā gahitacittaṃ. Atha vā oghena gataṃ viya <span class="bld">taṇhāgataṃ</span>. Upādiṇṇakarūpapaccayehi patitvā gataṃ viya <span class="bld">taṇhānugataṃ</span>. Udakapiṭṭhiṃ chādetvā patthaṭanīlikā udakapiṭṭhi viya <span class="bld">taṇhānusaṭaṃ</span>. Vaccakūpe nimuggaṃ viya <span class="bld">taṇhāyāsannaṃ</span>. Rukkhaggato patitvā narake patitaṃ viya <span class="bld">taṇhāpātitaṃ</span>. Upādiṇṇakarūpaṃ saṃyogaṃ viya <span class="bld">taṇhāya abhibhūtaṃ.</span> Upādiṇṇakarūpapariggāhakassa uppannavipassanaṃ viya taṇhāya <span class="bld">pariyādinnacittaṃ</span>. Atha vā kāmacchandena <span class="bld">taṇhāgataṃ</span>. Kāmapipāsāya <span class="bld">taṇhānugataṃ</span>. Kāmāsavena <a name="M0.0137"></a> <span class="bld">taṇhānusaṭaṃ</span>. Kāmapariḷāhena <span class="bld">taṇhāyāsannaṃ</span>. Kāmajjhosānena <span class="bld">taṇhāya pātitaṃ</span>. Kāmoghena <span class="bld">taṇhāya abhibhūtaṃ</span>. Kāmupādānena taṇhāya <span class="bld">pariyādinnacitta</span>nti evameke vaṇṇayanti. <span class="bld">Kāmabhave</span>ti kāmāvacare. <span class="bld">Rūpabhave</span>ti rūpāvacare. <span class="bld">Arūpabhave</span>ti arūpāvacare. Tesaṃ nānattaṃ heṭṭhā pakāsitaṃyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhavābhavesūti bhavābhave</span>ti <span class="bld">bhavo</span>ti kāmadhātu. <span class="bld">Abhavo</span>ti rūpārūpadhātu. Atha vā <span class="bld">bhavo</span>ti kāmadhātu rūpadhātu. <span class="bld">Abhavo</span>ti arūpadhātu. Tesu bhavābhavesu. <span class="bld">Kammabhave</span>ti kammavaṭṭe. <span class="bld">Punabbhave</span>ti ponobhavike vipākavaṭṭe. <span class="bld">Kāmabhave</span>ti kāmadhātuyā. <span class="bld">Kammabhave</span>ti kammavaṭṭe. Tattha kammabhavo bhāvayatīti bhavo. <span class="bld">Kāmabhave punabbhave</span>ti kāmadhātuyā upapattibhave vipākavaṭṭe. Vipākabhavo bhavatīti bhavo. <span class="bld">Rūpabhavā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo. Ettha ca ‘‘kāmabhave rūpabhave arūpabhave’’ti <a name="V0.0125"></a> okāsabhavaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Tīsupi ‘‘kammabhave’’ti kammabhavaṃ<a name="P1.0160"></a>, tathā ‘‘punabbhave’’ti upapattibhavaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Punappunabbhave</span>ti aparāparaṃ uppattiyaṃ. <span class="bld">Gatiyā</span>ti pañcagatiyā aññatarāya. <span class="bld">Attabhāvābhinibbattiyā</span>ti attabhāvānaṃ abhinibbattiyā. <span class="bld">Avītataṇhā</span>ti mūlapadaṃ. <span class="bld">Avigatataṇhā</span>ti khaṇikasamādhi viya khaṇikappahānābhāvena na vigatā taṇhā etesanti avigatataṇhā. <span class="bld">Acattataṇhā</span>ti tadaṅgappahānābhāvena apariccattataṇhā. <span class="bld">Avantataṇhā</span>ti vikkhambhanappahānābhāvena na vantataṇhāti avantataṇhā. <span class="bld">Amuttataṇhā</span>ti accantasamucchedappahānābhāvena na muttataṇhā. <span class="bld">Appahīnataṇhā</span>ti paṭippassaddhippahānābhāvena na pahīnataṇhā. <span class="bld">Appaṭinissaṭṭhataṇhā</span>ti nissaraṇappahānābhāvena bhave patiṭṭhitaṃ anusayakilesaṃ appaṭinissajjitvā ṭhitattā appaṭinissaṭṭhataṇhā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para12"></a><span class="paranum">12</span>. Idāni yasmā avigatataṇhā evaṃ phandanti ca lapanti ca, tasmā taṇhāvinaye samādapento <span class="bld">‘‘mamāyite’’</span>ti gāthamāha. Tattha <span class="bld">mamāyite</span>ti taṇhādiṭṭhimamattehi ‘‘mama’’nti pariggahite vatthusmiṃ. <span class="bld">Passathā</span>ti sotāre ālapanto āha. <span class="bld">Etampī</span>ti etampi ādīnavaṃ. Sesaṃ pākaṭameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dve mamattā</span>ti dve ālayā. <span class="bld">Yāvatā</span>ti paricchedaniyamatthe nipāto. <span class="bld">Taṇhāsaṅkhātenā</span>ti taṇhākoṭṭhāsena, saṅkhā saṅkhātanti atthato <a name="M0.0138"></a> ekaṃ ‘‘saññānidānā hi papañcasaṅkhā’’tiādīsu (su. ni. 880) viya. <span class="bld">Sīmakata</span>nti aparicchedadosavirahitaṃ mariyādakataṃ ‘‘tiyojanaparamaṃ sīmaṃ sammannitu’’nti ādīsu (mahāva. 140) viya. <span class="bld">Odhikata</span>nti vacanaparicchedadosavirahitaṃ paricchedakataṃ <a name="P1.0161"></a> sīmantarikarukkho viya. <span class="bld">Pariyantakata</span>nti paricchedakataṃ. Sīmantarikarukkho pana dvinnaṃ sādhāraṇaṃ, ayaṃ pana ekābaddhatālapanti viya katanti pariyantakataṃ. <span class="bld">Pariggahita</span>nti kālantarepi parāyattaṃ muñcitvā sabbākārena gahitaṃ. <span class="bld">Mamāyita</span>nti ālayakataṃ vassūpagataṃ senāsanaṃ viya. <span class="bld">Idaṃ mama</span>nti samīpe ṭhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Etaṃ mama</span>nti dūre ṭhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Ettaka</span>nti parikkhāraniyamanaṃ ‘‘ettakampi nappaṭibhāseyyā’’ti viya. <span class="bld">Ettāvatā</span>ti paricchedatthepi nipātaniyamanaṃ ‘‘ettāvatā kho mahānāmā’’ti viya. <span class="bld">Kevalampi mahāpathavi</span>nti sakalampi mahāpathaviṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aṭṭhasataṃ taṇhāvicarita</span>nti aṭṭhuttarasataṃ taṇhāgamanavitthāraṃ. Aṭṭhuttarasataṃ kathaṃ hotīti ce? Rūpataṇhā…pe… dhammataṇhāti evaṃ cakkhudvārādīsu javanavīthiyā pavattā taṇhā ‘‘seṭṭhiputto, brāhmaṇaputto’’ti evamādīsu pitito laddhanāmā viya pitusadisārammaṇe bhūtā. Ettha <a name="V0.0126"></a> ca rūpārammaṇā rūpe taṇhāti rūpataṇhā. Sā kāmarāgabhāvena rūpaṃ assādentī pavattamānā kāmataṇhā. Sassatadiṭṭhisahagatarāgabhāvena ‘‘rūpaṃ niccaṃ dhuvaṃ sassata’’nti evaṃ assādentī pavattamānā bhavataṇhā. Ucchedadiṭṭhisahagatarāgabhāvena ‘‘rūpaṃ ucchijjati vinassati pacchedaṃ bhavissatī’’ti evaṃ assādentī pavattamānā vibhavataṇhāti evaṃ tividhā hoti. Yathā ca rūpataṇhā, tathā saddataṇhādayopīti etāni aṭṭhārasa taṇhāvicaritāni honti. Tāni ajjhattarūpādīsu aṭṭhārasa, bahiddhārūpādīsu aṭṭhārasāti chattiṃsa, iti atītāni chattiṃsa, anāgatāni chattiṃsa, paccuppannāni chattiṃsāti aṭṭhasataṃ. Ajjhattikassa upādāya ‘‘asmī’’ti hoti, ‘‘itthasmī’’ti hotīti vā evamādīni ajjhattikarūpādinissitāni aṭṭhārasa, bāhirassupādāya iminā ‘‘asmī’’ti hoti, iminā ‘‘itthasmī’’ti hotīti bāhirarūpādinissitāni aṭṭhārasāti chattiṃsa. Iti atītāni chattiṃsa, anāgatāni chattiṃsa, paccuppannāni chattiṃsāti evampi aṭṭhasatataṇhāvicaritāni honti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vīsativatthukā</span> <a name="P1.0162"></a><a name="M0.0139"></a> <span class="bld">sakkāyadiṭṭhī</span>ti rūpādīnaṃ pañcannaṃ khandhānaṃ ekekampi ‘‘rūpaṃ attato samanupassatī’’tiādinā (paṭi. ma. 1.130-131) nayena catudhā gāhavasena pavattāni vatthūni katvā uppannā vijjamānaṭṭhena sati khandhapañcakasaṅkhāte kāye diṭṭhīti sakkāyadiṭṭhi. <span class="bld">Dasavatthukā micchādiṭṭhī</span>ti ‘‘natthi dinnaṃ, natthi yiṭṭha’’ntiādinayappavattā micchādiṭṭhi, ayāthāvadiṭṭhi virajjhitvā gahaṇato vā vitathā diṭṭhi micchādiṭṭhi, anatthāvahattā paṇḍitehi kucchitā diṭṭhītipi micchādiṭṭhi. Sā ayoniso abhinivesalakkhaṇā, parāmāsarasā, micchābhinivesapaccupaṭṭhānā, ariyānamadassanakāmatādipadaṭṭhānā, paramavajjāti daṭṭhabbā. <span class="bld">Dasavatthukā antaggāhikā diṭṭhī</span>ti sassato loko, asassato loko, antavā loko’’ti ādinayappavattā ekekaṃ koṭṭhāsaṃ patiṭṭhaṃ katvā gahaṇavasena evaṃ pavattā diṭṭhi dasavatthukā antaggāhikā diṭṭhi. <span class="bld">Yā evarūpā diṭṭhī</span>ti yā evaṃjātikā diṭṭhi. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhigata</span>nti diṭṭhīsu gataṃ. Idaṃ dassanaṃ dvāsaṭṭhidiṭṭhiantogadhattāti diṭṭhigataṃ, diṭṭhiyeva duratikkamanaṭṭhena gahanaṃ <span class="bld">diṭṭhigahanaṃ</span> tiṇagahanavanagahanapabbatagahanāni viya. Sāsaṅkasappaṭibhayaṭṭhena <span class="bld">diṭṭhikantāraṃ</span> corakantāravāḷakantāranirudakakantāradubbhikkhakantārā viya. Sammādiṭṭhiyā vinivijjhanaṭṭhena vilomanaṭṭhena ca <span class="bld">diṭṭhivisūkāyikaṃ</span>. Micchādassanañhi uppajjamānaṃ sammādassanaṃ vinivijjhati ceva vilometi ca. Kadāci sassatassa, kadāci ucchedassa gahaṇato diṭṭhiyā virūpaṃ phanditanti <span class="bld">diṭṭhivipphanditaṃ</span>. Diṭṭhigatiko hi ekasmiṃ patiṭṭhātuṃ na sakkoti. Kadāci sassataṃ anussarati, kadāci ucchedaṃ. Diṭṭhiyeva bandhanaṭṭhena saṃyojananti <span class="bld">diṭṭhisaṃyojanaṃ</span>. Susumārādayo <a name="P1.0163"></a> viya purisaṃ ārammaṇaṃ daḷhaṃ gaṇhātīti <span class="bld">gāho</span>. Patiṭṭhahanato <span class="bld">patiṭṭhāho</span>. Ayañhi <a name="V0.0127"></a> balavapavattibhāvena patiṭṭhahitvā gaṇhāti. Niccādivasena abhinivisatīti <span class="bld">abhiniveso</span>. Dhammasabhāvaṃ atikkamitvā niccādivasena parato āmasatīti <span class="bld">parāmāso</span>. Anatthāvahattā kucchito maggo, kucchitānaṃ vā apāyānaṃ maggoti <span class="bld">kummaggo</span>. Ayāthāvapathato <span class="bld">micchāpatho</span>. Yathā hi disāmūḷhena ‘‘ayaṃ asukagāmassa nāma patho’’ti gahitopi taṃ gāmaṃ na sampāpeti, evaṃ diṭṭhigatikena ‘‘sugatipatho’’ti gahitāpi diṭṭhi sugatiṃ na pāpetīti ayāthāvapathato micchāpatho. Micchāsabhāvato <span class="bld">micchattaṃ</span>. Tattheva paribbhamanato <a name="M0.0140"></a> taranti ettha bālāti titthaṃ, titthañca taṃ anatthānañca āyatananti <span class="bld">titthāyatanaṃ,</span> titthiyānaṃ vā sañjātidesaṭṭhena nivāsaṭṭhānaṭṭhena ca āyatanantipi <span class="bld">titthāyatanaṃ</span>. Vipariyesabhūto gāho, vipariyesato vā gāhoti <span class="bld">vipariyesaggāho</span>. Asabhāvagāhoti <span class="bld">viparītaggāho</span>. ‘‘Anicce nicca’’nti ādinayappavattavasena parivattetvā gāho <span class="bld">vipallāsaggāho</span>. Anupāyagāho <span class="bld">micchāgāho</span>. Ayāthāvakasmiṃ vatthusmiṃ na sabhāvasmiṃ vatthusmiṃ tathaṃ yāthāvakaṃ sabhāvanti gāho <span class="bld">‘‘ayāthāvakasmiṃ yāthāvaka’’nti gāho. Yāvatā</span>ti yattakā. <span class="bld">Dvāsaṭṭhidiṭṭhigatānī</span>ti brahmajāle (dī. ni. 1.29 ādayo) āgatāni dvāsaṭṭhidiṭṭhigatāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Acchedasaṃkinopi phandantī</span>ti acchinditvā pasayha balakkārena gaṇhissantīti uppannasaṃkinopi calanti. <span class="bld">Acchindantepī</span>ti vuttanayena acchijjantepi. <span class="bld">Acchinnepī</span>ti vuttanayena acchinditvā gahitepi. <span class="bld">Vipariṇāmasaṃkinopī</span>ti parivattetvā aññathābhāvena āsaṃkinopi<a name="P1.0164"></a>. <span class="bld">Vipariṇāmantepī</span>ti viparivattanakālepi. <span class="bld">Vipariṇatepī</span>ti viparivattitepi. <span class="bld">Phandantī</span>ti calanti. <span class="bld">Samphandantī</span>ti sabbākārena calanti. <span class="bld">Vipphandantī</span>ti vividhākārena phandanti. <span class="bld">Vedhantī</span>ti bhayaṃ disvā kampanti. <span class="bld">Pavedhantī</span>ti chambhitattā bhayena visesena kampanti. <span class="bld">Sampavedhantī</span>ti lomahaṃsanabhayena sabbākārena kampanti. <span class="bld">Phandamāne</span>ti upayogabahuvacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Appodake</span>ti mandodake. <span class="bld">Parittodake</span>ti luḷitodake. <span class="bld">Udakapariyādāne</span>ti khīṇodake. <span class="bld">Balākāhi vā</span>ti vuttāvasesāhi pakkhijātīhi. <span class="bld">Paripātiyamānā</span>ti vihiṃsiyamānā ghaṭṭiyamānā. <span class="bld">Ukkhipiyamānā</span>ti kaddamantarato nīhariyamānā giliyamānā vā. <span class="bld">Khajjamānā</span>ti khādiyamānā. <span class="bld">Phandanti</span> kākehi. <span class="bld">Samphandanti</span> kulalehi. <span class="bld">Vipphandanti</span> balākāhi. <span class="bld">Vedhanti</span> tuṇḍena gahitakāle maraṇavasena. <span class="bld">Pavedhanti</span> vijjhanakāle. <span class="bld">Sampavedhanti</span> maraṇasamīpe.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Passitvā</span>ti aguṇaṃ passitvā. <span class="bld">Tulayitvā</span>ti guṇāguṇaṃ tulayitvā. <span class="bld">Tīrayitvā</span>ti guṇāguṇaṃ vitthāretvā. <span class="bld">Vibhāvayitvā</span>ti vatthuhānabhāgiṃ muñcitvā vajjetvā. <span class="bld">Vibhūtaṃ katvā</span>ti nipphattiṃ pāpetvā āveṇikaṃ katvā. Atha vā saṃkiṇṇadosaṃ mocetvā vatthuvibhāgakaraṇena <span class="bld">passitvā</span>. Aparicchedadosaṃ <a name="V0.0128"></a> mocetvā pamāṇakaraṇavasena <span class="bld">tulayitvā</span>. Vatthudosaṃ mocetvā vibhāgakaraṇavasena <span class="bld">tīrayitvā</span>. Sammohadosaṃ mocayitvā <a name="M0.0141"></a> aggavibhāgakaraṇavasena <span class="bld">vibhāvayitvā</span>. Ghanadosaṃ mocetvā pakativibhāgakaraṇena <span class="bld">vibhūtaṃ katvā. Pahāyā</span>ti pajahitvā. <span class="bld">Paṭinissajjitvā</span>ti nissajjitvā. <span class="bld">Amamāyanto</span>ti taṇhādiṭṭhīhi ālayaṃ akaronto. <span class="bld">Agaṇhanto</span>ti diṭṭhiyā pubbabhāge paññāya taṃ na gaṇhanto. <span class="bld">Aparāmasanto</span>ti vitakkena ūhanaṃ akaronto. <span class="bld">Anabhinivesanto</span>ti niyāmokkantidiṭṭhivasena nappavisanto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Akubbamāno</span>ti pariggāhataṇhāvasena akaronto. <span class="bld">Ajanayamāno</span>ti ponobhavikataṇhāvasena ajanayamāno. <span class="bld">Asañjanayamāno</span>ti <a name="P1.0165"></a> visesena asañjanayamāno. <span class="bld">Anibbattayamāno</span>ti patthanātaṇhāvasena na nibbattayamāno. <span class="bld">Anabhinibbattayamāno</span>ti sabbākārena na abhinibbattayamāno. Upasaggavasena vā etāni padāni vaḍḍhitāni. Evamettha paṭhamagāthāya assādaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para13"></a><span class="paranum">13</span>. Tato parāhi catūhi gāthāhi ādīnavañca dassetvā idāni saupāyaṃ nissaraṇaṃ nissaraṇānisaṃsañca dassetuṃ, sabbāhi vā etāhi kāmānaṃ ādīnavaṃ okāraṃ saṃkilesañca dassetvā idāni nekkhamme ānisaṃsaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ubhosu antesū’’</span>ti gāthādvayamāha. Tattha <span class="bld">ubhosu antesū</span>ti phassaphassasamudayādīsu dvīsu, dvīsu paricchedesu. <span class="bld">Vineyya chanda</span>nti chandarāgaṃ vinetvā. <span class="bld">Phassaṃ pariññāyā</span>ti cakkhusamphassādiphassaṃ, phassānusārena vā taṃsampayutte sabbepi arūpadhamme, tesaṃ vatthudvārārammaṇavasena rūpadhamme cāti sakalampi nāmarūpaṃ tīhi pariññāhi parijānitvā. <span class="bld">Anānugiddho</span>ti rūpādīsu sabbadhammesu agiddho. <span class="bld">Yadattagarahī tadakubbamāno</span>ti yaṃ attanā garahati, taṃ akurumāno. <span class="bld">Na limpatī diṭṭhasutesu dhīro</span>ti so evarūpo dhitisampanno dhīro diṭṭhesu ca sutesu ca dhammesu dvinnaṃ lepānaṃ ekenāpi lepena na limpati, ākāsamiva nirupalitto accantavodānappatto hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Phasso eko anto</span>ti phasso ekaparicchedo. Phusatīti phasso. Svāyaṃ phusanalakkhaṇo, saṅghaṭṭanaraso, sannipātapaccupaṭṭhāno, āpāthagatavisayapadaṭṭhāno. Ayañhi arūpadhammopi samāno ārammaṇe <a name="M0.0142"></a> phusanākāreneva pavattatīti phusanalakkhaṇo. Ekadeseneva anallīyamānopi rūpaṃ viya cakkhuṃ, saddo viya ca sotaṃ cittaṃ ārammaṇañca saṅghaṭṭetīti saṅghaṭṭanaraso, vatthārammaṇasaṅghaṭṭanato vā uppannattā sampattiatthenapi rasena ‘‘saṅghaṭṭanaraso’’ti veditabbo. Vuttañhetaṃ <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Catubhūmakaphasso <a name="V0.0129"></a> no phusanalakkhaṇo nāma natthi, saṅghaṭṭanaraso pana pañcadvārikova hoti. Pañcadvārikassa hi phusanalakkhaṇotipi saṅghaṭṭanarasotipi nāmaṃ. Manodvārikassa phusanalakkhaṇotveva nāmaṃ, na saṅghaṭṭanaraso’’ti <a name="P1.0166"></a> (dha. sa. aṭṭha. 1, kāmāvacarakusala, dhammuddesakathā).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idañca vatvā idaṃ suttaṃ (mi. pa. 2.3.8) ābhataṃ –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Yathā, mahārāja, dve meṇḍā yujjheyyuṃ, yathā eko meṇḍo, evaṃ cakkhu daṭṭhabbaṃ. Yathā dutiyo meṇḍo, evaṃ rūpaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Yathā tesaṃ sannipāto, evaṃ phasso daṭṭhabbo. Evaṃ phusanalakkhaṇo ca phasso saṅghaṭṭanaraso ca. Yathā, mahārāja, dve sammā vajjeyyuṃ, dve pāṇī vajjeyyuṃ. Yathā eko pāṇi, evaṃ cakkhu daṭṭhabbaṃ. Yathā dutiyo pāṇi, evaṃ rūpaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Yathā tesaṃ sannipāto, evaṃ phasso daṭṭhabbo. Evaṃ phusanalakkhaṇo ca phasso saṅghaṭṭanaraso cā’’ti vitthāro.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā vā ‘‘cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā’’tiādīsu (dha. sa. 1352, 1354) cakkhuviññāṇādīni cakkhuādināmena vuttāni, evamidhāpi tāni cakkhuādināmeneva vuttānīti veditabbāni. Tasmā ‘‘evaṃ cakkhu daṭṭhabba’’ntiādīsu evaṃ cakkhuviññāṇaṃ daṭṭhabbanti iminā nayena attho veditabbo. Evaṃ sante cittārammaṇasaṅghaṭṭanato imasmimpi sutte kiccaṭṭheneva rasena ‘‘saṅghaṭṭanaraso’’ti siddho hoti. Tiṇṇaṃ sannipātasaṅkhātassa pana attano kāraṇassa vasena paveditattā sannipātapaccupaṭṭhāno. Ayañhi tattha tattha ‘‘tiṇṇaṃ saṅgati phasso’’ti evaṃ kāraṇasseva vasena paveditoti. Imassa ca suttapadassa tiṇṇaṃ saṅgatiyā phassoti ayamattho, na saṅgatimattameva phasso.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ <a name="M0.0143"></a> paveditattā pana tenevākārena paccupaṭṭhātīti ‘‘sannipātapaccupaṭṭhāno’’ti vutto. Phalaṭṭhena pana paccupaṭṭhānenesa vedanāpaccupaṭṭhāno nāma hoti. Vedanaṃ hesa paccupaṭṭhāpeti, uppādetīti attho. Uppādayamāno ca yathā bahiddhā uṇhapaccayāpi samānā lākhāsaṅkhātadhātunissitā usmā attano nissaye mudubhāvakārī hoti, na attano paccayabhūtepi bahiddhā vītaccitaṅgārasaṅkhāte uṇhabhāve. Evaṃ vatthārammaṇasaṅkhātaaññapaccayopi samāno cittanissitattā attano nissayabhūte citte eva esa vedanuppādako hoti, na attano paccayabhūtepi vatthumhi ārammaṇevāti <a name="V0.0130"></a> veditabbo. Tajjena <a name="P1.0167"></a> samannāhārena pana indriyena ca parikkhate visaye anantarāyena uppajjanato esa ‘‘āpāthagatavisayapadaṭṭhāno’’ti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Phasso yato samudeti uppajjati, so ‘‘phassasamudayo’’ti vuccati. Vuttañhetaṃ – ‘‘saḷāyatanapaccayā phasso’’ti (mahāva. 1; vibha. 225). Atītaduko kālavasena vutto. Vedanāduko ‘‘upekkhā pana santattā, sukhamicceva bhāsitā’’ti (vibha. aṭṭha. 232) vuttattā upekkhāvedanaṃ sukhameva katvā sukhadukkhavasena, nāmarūpaduko rūpārūpavasena, āyatanaduko saṃsārapavattivasena, sakkāyaduko pañcakkhandhavasena vuttoti veditabbo. Tattha sukhayatīti <span class="bld">sukhā</span>. Vedayatīti <span class="bld">vedanā</span>. Dukkhayatīti <span class="bld">dukkhā</span>. Namanalakkhaṇaṃ <span class="bld">nāmaṃ</span>. Ruppanalakkhaṇaṃ <span class="bld">rūpaṃ</span>. Cakkhāyatanādīni <span class="bld">cha ajjhattikāni</span>. Rūpāyatanādīni <span class="bld">cha bāhirāni</span>. Rūpakkhandhādayo pañcakkhandhā vijjamānaṭṭhena <span class="bld">sakkāyo</span>. Avijjākammataṇhāāhāraphassanāmarūpā <span class="bld">sakkāyasamudayo</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cakkhusamphasso</span>ti cakkhatīti cakkhu, rūpaṃ assādeti vibhāveti cāti attho. Cakkhuto pavatto samphasso cakkhusamphasso. So pana attanā sampayuttāya vedanāya sahajātaaññamaññanissayavipākaāhārasampayuttaatthiavigatavasena aṭṭhadhā paccayo hoti. Suṇātīti <span class="bld">sotaṃ</span>. Taṃ sasambhārasotabilassa anto tanutambalomācite aṅguliveṭhakasaṇṭhāne padese sotaviññāṇādīnaṃ yathārahaṃ vatthudvārabhāvaṃ sādhayamānaṃ tiṭṭhati. Sotato pavatto samphasso <span class="bld">sotasamphasso. Ghānasamphassā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo. Ghāyatīti ghānaṃ<a name="M0.0144"></a>. Taṃ sasambhārabilassa anto ajapadasaṇṭhāne padese ghānaviññāṇādīnaṃ yathārahaṃ vatthudvārabhāvaṃ sādhayamānaṃ tiṭṭhati. Jīvitamavhāyatīti <span class="bld">jivhā,</span> sāyanaṭṭhena vā <span class="bld">jivhā</span>. Sā sasambhārajivhāya atiaggamūlapassāni vajjetvā uparimatalamajjhe bhinnauppaladalaggasaṇṭhāne padese jivhāviññāṇādīnaṃ <a name="P1.0168"></a> yathārahaṃ vatthudvārabhāvaṃ sādhayamānā tiṭṭhati. Kucchitānaṃ sāsavadhammānaṃ āyoti <span class="bld">kāyo</span>. Āyoti uppattideso. Yāvatā imasmiṃ kāye upādiṇṇapavatti nāma atthi, tattha yebhuyyena kāyappasādo kāyaviññāṇādīnaṃ yathārahaṃ vatthudvārabhāvaṃ sādhayamāno tiṭṭhati. Munātīti <span class="bld">mano,</span> vijānātīti attho. <span class="bld">Mano</span>ti sahāvajjanabhavaṅgaṃ; manato pavatto samphasso <span class="bld">manosamphasso</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Chabbidhampi phassaṃ duvidhameva hotīti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘adhivacanasamphasso paṭighasamphasso’’</span>ti āha<a name="V0.0131"></a>. Manodvāriko <span class="bld">adhivacanasamphasso</span>. Pañcadvāriko vatthārammaṇādipaṭighena uppajjanato <span class="bld">paṭighasamphasso</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sukhavedanāya ārammaṇe <span class="bld">sukhavedanīyo</span>. Dukkhavedanāya ārammaṇe <span class="bld">dukkhavedanīyo</span>. Adukkhamasukhavedanāya ārammaṇe <span class="bld">adukkhamasukhavedanīyo</span>. Tattha sukhayatīti sukhaṃ, yassuppajjati, taṃ sukhitaṃ karotīti attho. Suṭṭhu vā khanati, khādati ca kāyacittābādhanti sukhaṃ. Dukkhayatīti dukkhaṃ, yassuppajjati, taṃ dukkhitaṃ karotīti attho. Na dukkhaṃ na sukhanti adukkhamasukhaṃ, <span class="bld">ma</span>-kāro padasandhivasena vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kusalo</span>tiādayo jātivasena vuttā. Tattha <span class="bld">kusalo</span>ti ekavīsatikusalacittasampayutto. <span class="bld">Akusalo</span>ti dvādasākusalacittasampayutto. <span class="bld">Abyākato</span>ti avasesavipākakiriyābyākatacittasampayutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Puna bhavappabhedavasena niddisanto <span class="bld">‘‘kāmāvacaro’’</span>tiādimāha. Catupaññāsakāmāvacaracittasampayutto <span class="bld">kāmāvacaro</span>. Kāmaṃ pahāya rūpe avacaratīti <span class="bld">rūpāvacaro,</span> kusalābyākatavasena pañcadasarūpāvacaracittasampayutto. Kāmañca rūpañca pahāya arūpe avacaratīti <span class="bld">arūpāvacaro,</span> kusalābyākatavasena dvādasārūpāvacaracittasampayutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni <a name="M0.0145"></a> abhinivesavasena dassento <span class="bld">‘‘suññato’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">suññato</span>ti rāgadosamohehi suññattā suññato. Rāgadosamohanimittehi animittattā <span class="bld">animitto</span>. Rāgadosamohapaṇidhīnaṃ abhāvato <span class="bld">appaṇihito</span>ti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni vaṭṭapariyāpannaapariyāpannavasena dassento <span class="bld">‘‘lokiyo’’</span>tiādimāha. Loko vuccati lujjanapalujjanaṭṭhena vaṭṭaṃ<a name="P1.0169"></a>, tasmiṃ pariyāpannabhāvena loke niyuttoti <span class="bld">lokiyo</span>. Uttiṇṇoti uttaro, loke apariyāpannabhāvena lokato uttaroti <span class="bld">lokuttaro. Phusanā</span>ti phusanākāro. <span class="bld">Samphusanā samphusitatta</span>nti upasaggena padaṃ vaḍḍhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evaṃ ñātaṃ katvā</span>ti evaṃ pākaṭaṃ katvā jānanto <span class="bld">tīreti</span> tīrayati, upari vattabbākārena cinteti. Aniccantikatāya ādiantavantatāya ca <span class="bld">aniccato</span> tīreti. Uppādavayapaṭipīḷanatāya dukkhavatthutāya ca <span class="bld">dukkhato</span>. Paccayayāpanīyatāya rogamūlatāya ca <span class="bld">rogato</span>. Dukkhatāsūlayogitāya <a name="V0.0132"></a> kilesāsucipaggharatāya uppādajarābhaṅgehi uddhumātaparipakkapabhinnatāya ca <span class="bld">gaṇḍato</span>. Pīḷājanakatāya antotudanatāya dunnīharaṇīyatāya ca <span class="bld">sallato</span>. Vigarahaṇīyatāya avaḍḍhiāvahanatāya aghavatthutāya ca <span class="bld">aghato</span>. Aseribhāvajanakatāya ābādhapadaṭṭhānatāya ca <span class="bld">ābādhato</span>. Avasatāya avidheyyatāya ca <span class="bld">parato</span>. Byādhijarāmaraṇehi lujjanapalujjanatāya <span class="bld">palokato</span>. Anekabyasanāvahanatāya <span class="bld">ītito</span>. Aviditānaṃyeva vipulānaṃ anatthānaṃ āvahanato sabbūpaddavavatthutāya ca <span class="bld">upaddavato</span>. Sabbabhayānaṃ ākaratāya ca dukkhavūpasamasaṅkhātassa paramassāsassa paṭipakkhabhūtatāya ca <span class="bld">bhayato</span>. Anekehi anatthehi anubaddhatāya dosūpasaṭṭhatāya, upasaggo viya anadhivāsanārahatāya ca <span class="bld">upasaggato</span>. Byādhijarāmaraṇehi ceva lābhādīhi ca lokadhammehi pacalitatāya <span class="bld">calato</span>. Upakkamena ceva sarasena ca pabhaṅgupagamanasīlatāya <span class="bld">pabhaṅguto</span>. Sabbāvatthāvinipātitāya, thirabhāvassa ca abhāvatāya <span class="bld">adhuvato</span>. Atāyanatāya ceva alabbhaneyyakhematāya ca <a name="M0.0146"></a> <span class="bld">atāṇato</span>. Allīyituṃ anarahatāya, allīnānampi ca leṇakiccākāritāya <span class="bld">aleṇato</span>. Nissitānaṃ bhayasārakattābhāvena <span class="bld">asaraṇato</span>. Yathāparikappitehi dhuvasubhasukhattabhāvehi <a name="P1.0170"></a> rittatāya <span class="bld">rittato</span>. Rittatāyeva <span class="bld">tucchato,</span> appakattā vā. Appakampi hi loke ‘‘tuccha’’nti vuccati. Sāminivāsivedaka kārakādhiṭṭhāyakavirahitatāya <span class="bld">suññato</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sayañca asāmikabhāvāditāya <span class="bld">anattato</span>. Pavattidukkhatāya, dukkhassa ca ādīnavatāya <span class="bld">ādīnavato</span>. Atha vā ādīnaṃ vāti gacchati pavattatīti ādīnavo, kapaṇamanussassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Khandhāpi ca kapaṇāyevāti ādīnavasadisatāya <span class="bld">ādīnavato</span>. Jarāya ceva maraṇena cāti dvedhā pariṇāmapakatitāya <span class="bld">vipariṇāmadhammato</span>. Dubbalatāya, pheggu viya sukhabhañjanīyatāya ca <span class="bld">asārakato</span>. Aghahetutāya <span class="bld">aghamūlato</span>. Mittamukhasapatto viya vissāsaghātitāya <span class="bld">vadhakato</span>. Vigatabhavatāya vibhavasambhūtatāya ca <span class="bld">vibhavato</span>. Āsavapadaṭṭhānatāya <span class="bld">sāsavato</span>. Hetupaccayehi abhisaṅkhatatāya <span class="bld">saṅkhatato</span>. Maccumārakilesamārānaṃ āmisabhūtatāya <span class="bld">mārāmisato</span>. Jātijarābyādhimaraṇapakatitāya <span class="bld">jātijarābyādhimaraṇadhammato</span>. Sokaparidevaupāyāsahetutāya <span class="bld">sokaparidevaupāyāsadhammato</span>. Taṇhādiṭṭhiduccaritasaṃkilesānaṃ visayadhammatāya <span class="bld">saṃkilesadhammato</span>. Avijjākammataṇhāsaḷāyatanavasena uppattito <span class="bld">samudayato</span>. Tesaṃ abhāvena <span class="bld">atthaṅgamato</span>. Phasse chandarāgavasena madhurassādena <span class="bld">assādato</span>. Phassassa vipariṇāmena <span class="bld">ādīnavato</span>. Ubhinnaṃ nissaraṇena <span class="bld">nissaraṇato tīretī</span>ti sabbesu ca imesu ‘‘tīretī’’ti pāṭhaseso daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pajahatī</span>ti sakasantānato nīharati. <span class="bld">Vinodetī</span>ti tudati. <span class="bld">Byantiṃ karotī</span>ti vigatantaṃ <a name="V0.0133"></a> karoti. <span class="bld">Anabhāvaṃ gametī</span>ti anu anu abhāvaṃ gameti. Ariyamaggasatthena ucchinnaṃ taṇhāavijjāmayaṃ mūlametesanti <span class="bld">ucchinnamūlā</span>. Tālavatthu viya nesaṃ vatthu katanti <span class="bld">tālāvatthukatā</span>. Yathā hi tālarukkhaṃ samūlaṃ uddharitvā tassa vatthumatte tasmiṃ padese kate na puna tassa tālassa uppatti paññāyati, evaṃ ariyamaggasatthena samūle rūpādirase uddharitvā tesaṃ pubbe uppannapubbabhāvena vatthumatte cittasantāne kate sabbepi te ‘‘tālāvatthukatā’’ti vuccanti. <span class="bld">Yasseso</span>ti <a name="P1.0171"></a> yassa <a name="M0.0147"></a> puggalassa eso gedho. <span class="bld">Samucchinno</span>ti ucchinno. <span class="bld">Vūpasanto</span>ti phalena vūpasanto. <span class="bld">Paṭipassaddho</span>ti paṭipassaddhippahānena paṭipassambhito. Upasaggena vā padaṃ vaḍḍhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Abhabbuppattiko</span>ti puna uppajjituṃ abhabbo. <span class="bld">Ñāṇagginā daḍḍho</span>ti maggañāṇagginā jhāpito. Atha vā visanikkhittaṃ bhājanena saha chaḍḍitaṃ viya vatthunā saha pahīno. Mūlacchinnavisavalli viya samūlacchinnoti <span class="bld">samucchinno</span>. Uddhane udakaṃ siñcitvā nibbāpitaaṅgāraṃ viya <span class="bld">vūpasanto</span>. Nibbāpitaaṅgāre patitaudakaphusitaṃ viya <span class="bld">paṭipassaddho</span>. Aṅkuruppattiyā hetucchinnabījaṃ viya <span class="bld">abhabbuppattiko</span>. Asanipātavisarukkho viya <span class="bld">ñāṇa</span>gginā <span class="bld">daḍḍho</span>ti evameke vaṇṇayanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vītagedho</span>ti idaṃ sakabhāvapariccajanavasena vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Vigatagedho</span>ti idaṃ ārammaṇe sālayabhāvapariccajanavasena. <span class="bld">Cattagedho</span>ti idaṃ puna anādiyanabhāvadassanavasena. <span class="bld">Muttagedho</span>ti idaṃ santatito vinimocanavasena. <span class="bld">Pahīnagedho</span>ti idaṃ muttassāpi kvaci anavaṭṭhānadassanavasena. <span class="bld">Paṭinissaṭṭhagedho</span>ti idaṃ ādinnapubbassa nissaggadassanavasena vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Vītarāgo vigatarāgo cattarāgo</span>ti vuttanayena yojetabbaṃ. Tattha gijjhanavasena <span class="bld">gedho</span>. Rañjanavasena <span class="bld">rāgo. Nicchāto</span>ti nittaṇho. ‘‘Nicchado’’tipi pāṭho, taṇhāchadanavirahitoti attho. <span class="bld">Nibbuto</span>ti nibbutasabhāvo. <span class="bld">Sītibhūto</span>ti sītasabhāvo. <span class="bld">Sukhapaṭisaṃvedī</span>ti kāyikacetasikasukhaṃ anubhavanasabhāvo. <span class="bld">Brahmabhūtenā</span>ti uttamasabhāvena. <span class="bld">Attanā</span>ti cittena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Katattā cā</span>ti pāpakammānaṃ katabhāvena ca. <span class="bld">Akatattā cā</span>ti kusalānaṃ akatabhāvena ca. <span class="bld">Kataṃ me kāyaduccaritaṃ, akataṃ me kāyasucarita</span>ntiādayo dvāravasena avirativirativasena kammapathavasena ca vuttā. <span class="bld">Sīlesumhi na paripūrakārī</span>tiādayo catupārisuddhisīlavasena. <span class="bld">Jāgariyamananuyutto</span>ti pañcajāgaraṇavasena. <span class="bld">Satisampajaññenā</span>ti sātthakādisampajaññavasena<a name="P1.0172"></a>. <span class="bld">Cattāro satipaṭṭhānā</span>tiādayo bodhipakkhiyadhammā lokiyalokuttaravasena. <span class="bld">Dukkhaṃ me apariññāta</span>ntiādayo cattāro ariyasaccavasena vuttāti veditabbaṃ. Te atthato tattha tattha vuttanayattā pākaṭāyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dhīro</span> <a name="V0.0134"></a><a name="M0.0148"></a> <span class="bld">paṇḍito</span>ti satta padā vuttatthāyeva. Api ca dukkhe akampiyaṭṭhena <span class="bld">dhīro</span>. Sukhe anuppilavaṭṭhena <span class="bld">paṇḍito</span>. Diṭṭhadhammikasamparāyikatthe kataparicayaṭṭhena <span class="bld">paññavā</span>. Attatthaparatthe niccalaṭṭhena <span class="bld">buddhimā</span>. Gambhīrauttānatthe apaccosakkanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">ñāṇī</span>. Guḷhapaṭicchannatthe obhāsanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">vibhāvī</span>. Nikkilesabyavadānaṭṭhena tulāsadisoti <span class="bld">medhāvī</span>. <span class="bld">Na limpatī</span>ti sajātiyā na limpati ākāse lekhā viya. <span class="bld">Na palimpatī</span>ti visesena na limpati. <span class="bld">Na upalimpatī</span>ti saññogo hutvāpi na limpati hatthatale lekhā viya. <span class="bld">Alitto</span>ti saññogo hutvāpi na kilissati kāsikavatthe ṭhapitamaṇiratanaṃ viya. <span class="bld">Apalitto</span>ti visesena na kilissati maṇiratane paliveṭhitakāsikavatthaṃ viya. <span class="bld">Anupalitto</span>ti upagantvāpi na allīyati pokkharapatte udakabindu viya. <span class="bld">Nikkhanto</span>ti bahi nikkhanto bandhanāgārato palāto viya. <span class="bld">Nissaṭo</span>ti pāpapahīno amittassa paṭicchāpitakiliṭṭhavatthu viya. <span class="bld">Vippamutto</span>ti suṭṭhu mutto gayhūpage vatthumhi ratiṃ nāsetvā puna nāgamanaṃ viya. <span class="bld">Visaññutto</span>ti kilesehi ekato na yutto byādhinā muttagilāno viya. <span class="bld">Vimariyādikatena cetasā</span>ti vigatamariyādakatena cittena, sabbabhavena sabbārammaṇena sabbakilesehi muttacittenāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para14"></a><span class="paranum">14</span>. <span class="bld">Saññaṃ pariññā</span>ti gāthāya pana ayaṃ saṅkhepattho – na kevalañca phassameva, api ca kho pana kāmasaññādibhedaṃ saññaṃ, saññānusārena vā pubbe vuttanayeneva nāmarūpaṃ tīhi pariññāhi parijānitvā imāya paṭipadāya catubbidhampi <a name="P1.0173"></a> vitareyya <span class="bld">oghaṃ,</span> tato so tiṇṇogho taṇhādiṭṭhipariggahesu taṇhādiṭṭhikilesappahānena anupalitto khīṇāsavamuni rāgādisallānaṃ abbūḷhattā <span class="bld">abbūḷhasallo,</span> sativepullappattiyā <span class="bld">appamatto caraṃ,</span> pubbabhāge vā appamatto caranto tena appamādacārena abbūḷhasallo hutvā sakaparattabhāvādibhedaṃ <span class="bld">nāsīsati lokamimaṃ parañca,</span> aññadatthu carimacittanirodhā nirupādānova jātavedo parinibbātīti arahattanikūṭena desanaṃ niṭṭhāpesi, dhammanettiṭhapanameva karonto; na tu imāya desanāya maggaṃ vā phalaṃ vā uppādesi, khīṇāsavassa desitattāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nīlādibhedaṃ <a name="M0.0149"></a> ārammaṇaṃ sañjānātīti <span class="bld">saññā</span>. Sā sañjānanalakkhaṇā paccābhiññāṇarasā. Catubhūmikasaññā hi nosañjānanalakkhaṇā nāma natthi, sabbā sañjānanalakkhaṇāva. Yā panettha abhiññāṇena sañjānāti, sā paccābhiññāṇarasā nāma hoti. Tassā vaḍḍhakissa dārumhi abhiññāṇaṃ katvā puna tena abhiññāṇena taṃ paccābhijānanakāle, purisassa kāḷatilakādiabhiññāṇaṃ sallakkhetvā puna tena abhiññāṇena ‘‘asuko nāma eso’’ti tassa paccābhijānanakāle, rañño piḷandhanagopakabhaṇḍāgārikassa <a name="V0.0135"></a> tasmiṃ tasmiṃ piḷandhane nāmapaṇṇakaṃ bandhitvā ‘‘asukaṃ piḷandhanaṃ nāma āharā’’ti vutte dīpaṃ jāletvā sāragabbhaṃ pavisitvā paṇṇaṃ vācetvā tassa tasseva piḷandhanassa āharaṇakāle ca pavatti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparo nayo – sabbasaṅgāhikavasena hi sañjānanalakkhaṇā saññā, punasañjānanapaccayanimittakaraṇarasā dāruādīsu tacchakādayo viya, yathāgahitanimittavasena abhinivesakaraṇapaccupaṭṭhānā hatthidassakaandho viya, ārammaṇe anogāḷhavuttitāya aciraṭṭhānapaccupaṭṭhānā vā vijju viya, yathāupaṭṭhitavisayapadaṭṭhānā tiṇapurisakesu migapotakānaṃ purisāti uppannasaññā viya. Yā panettha ñāṇasampayuttā hoti, sā ñāṇameva anuvattati, sasambhārapathavīādīsu sesadhammā pathavīādīni viyāti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāmapaṭisaññuttā saññā <span class="bld">kāmasaññā</span>. Byāpādapaṭisaññuttā saññā <span class="bld">byāpādasaññā</span>. Vihiṃsāpaṭisaññuttā saññā <span class="bld">vihiṃsāsaññā</span><a name="P1.0174"></a>. Tesu dve sattesupi saṅkhāresupi uppajjanti. Kāmasaññā hi piye manāpe satte vā saṅkhāre vā vitakkentassa uppajjati. Byāpādasaññā appiye amanāpe satte vā saṅkhāre vā kujjhitvā olokanakālato paṭṭhāya yāva vināsanā uppajjati. Vihiṃsāsaññā saṅkhāresu na uppajjati. Saṅkhāro hi dukkhāpetabbo nāma natthi. ‘‘Ime sattā haññantu vā, ucchijjantu vā, vinassantu vā, mā vā ahesu’’nti cintanakāle pana sattesu uppajjati. Nekkhammapaṭisaññuttā saññā <span class="bld">nekkhammasaññā,</span> sā asubhapubbabhāge kāmāvacarā hoti, asubhajhāne rūpāvacarā, taṃ jhānaṃ pādakaṃ katvā uppannamaggaphalakāle lokuttarā. Abyāpādapaṭisaññuttā saññā <span class="bld">abyāpādasaññā,</span> sā mettāpubbabhāge kāmāvacarā hoti, mettājhāne rūpāvacarā, taṃ jhānaṃ pādakaṃ katvā uppannamaggaphalakāle <a name="M0.0150"></a> lokuttarā. Avihiṃsāpaṭisaññuttā saññā <span class="bld">avihiṃsāsaññā,</span> sā karuṇāpubbabhāge kāmāvacarā, karuṇājhāne rūpāvacarā, taṃ jhānaṃ pādakaṃ katvā uppannamaggaphalakāle lokuttarā. Yadā alobho sīsaṃ hoti, tadā itare dve tadanvāyikā bhavanti. Yadā mettā sīsaṃ hoti, tadā itare dve tadanvāyikā bhavanti. Yadā karuṇā sīsaṃ hoti, tadā itare dve tadanvāyikā bhavanti. Rūpārammaṇaṃ ārabbha uppannā saññā <span class="bld">rūpasaññā. Saddasaññā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo. Idaṃ tassāyeva ārammaṇato nāmaṃ. Ārammaṇānaṃ vuttattā cakkhusamphassajādivatthūnipi vuttāneva honti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yā evarūpā saññā</span>ti aññāpi ‘‘paṭighasamphassajā saññā adhivacanasamphassajā saññā’’ti evamādikā veditabbā. Tattha adhivacanasamphassajā saññātipi pariyāyena chadvārikāyeva<a name="V0.0136"></a>. Tayo hi arūpino khandhā sayaṃ piṭṭhivaṭṭakā hutvā attanā sahajātasaññāya ‘‘adhivacanasamphassajā saññā’’ti nāmaṃ karonti, nippariyāyena pana paṭighasamphassajā saññā nāma pañcadvārikā saññā, adhivacanasamphassajā saññā nāma manodvārikā saññā. Etā atirekasaññā pariggahitāti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saññā</span>ti <a name="P1.0175"></a> sabhāvanāmaṃ. <span class="bld">Sañjānanā</span>ti sañjānanākāro. <span class="bld">Sañjānitatta</span>nti sañjānitabhāvo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Avijjogha</span>nti pūretuṃ ayuttaṭṭhena kāyaduccaritādi avindiyaṃ nāma, aladdhabbanti attho. Taṃ avindiyaṃ vindatīti avijjā. Tabbiparītato kāyasucaritādi vindiyaṃ nāma, taṃ vindiyaṃ na vindatīti avijjā. Khandhānaṃ rāsaṭṭhaṃ, āyatanānaṃ āyatanaṭṭhaṃ, dhātūnaṃ suññaṭṭhaṃ, indriyānaṃ adhipatiyaṭṭhaṃ, saccānaṃ tathaṭṭhaṃ aviditaṃ karotītipi avijjā. Dukkhādīnaṃ pīḷanādivasena vuttaṃ catubbidhaṃ atthaṃ aviditaṃ karotītipi avijjā. Antavirahite saṃsāre yonigatibhavaviññāṇaṭṭhitisattāvāsesu satte javāpetīti avijjā. Paramatthato avijjamānesu itthipurisādīsu javati, vijjamānesu khandhādīsu na javatīti avijjā. Api ca cakkhuviññāṇādīnaṃ vatthārammaṇānaṃ paṭiccasamuppādapaṭiccasamuppannānañca dhammānaṃ chādanatopi avijjā, taṃ avijjoghaṃ. Kāmoghavasena <span class="bld">uttareyya</span>. Bhavoghavasena <span class="bld">patareyya</span>. Diṭṭhoghavasena <span class="bld">samatikkameyya</span>. Avijjoghavasena <span class="bld">vītivatteyya</span>. Atha vā sotāpattimaggena <a name="M0.0151"></a> pahānavasena <span class="bld">uttareyya</span>. Sakadāgāmimaggena pahānavasena <span class="bld">patareyya</span>. Anāgāmimaggena pahānavasena <span class="bld">samatikkameyya</span>. Arahattamaggena pahānavasena <span class="bld">vītivatteyya</span>. Atha vā <span class="bld">‘‘tareyyādi</span>pañcapadaṃ tadaṅgādipañcapahānena yojetabba’’nti keci vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Monaṃ vuccati ñāṇa’’</span>nti vatvā taṃ pabhedato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yā paññā pajānanā’’</span>tiādimāha. Taṃ vuttanayameva ṭhapetvā ‘‘amoho dhammavicayo’’ti padaṃ. <span class="bld">Amoho</span> kusalesu dhammesu abhāvanāya paṭipakkho bhāvanāhetu. Amohena aviparītaṃ gaṇhāti mūḷhassa viparītaggahaṇato. Amohena yāthāvaṃ yāthāvato dhārento yathāsabhāve pavattati. Mūḷho hi ‘‘tacchaṃ atacchaṃ, atacchañca taccha’’nti gaṇhāti; tathā icchitālābhadukkhaṃ na hoti. Amūḷhassa ‘‘taṃ kutettha labbhā’’ti evamādipaccavekkhaṇasambhavato maraṇadukkhaṃ na hoti. Sammohamaraṇañhi dukkhaṃ, na ca taṃ amūḷhassa hoti. Pabbajitānaṃ sukhasaṃvāso hoti, tiracchānayoniyaṃ nibbatti na hoti. Mohena hi niccasammūḷhā tiracchānayoniṃ upapajjanti<a name="V0.0137"></a><a name="P1.0176"></a>. Mohapaṭipakkho ca amoho mohavasena amajjhattabhāvassa abhāvakaro. Amohena avihiṃsāsaññā dhātusaññā majjhimāya paṭipattiyā paṭipajjanaṃ, pacchimaganthadvayassa pabhedanañca hoti. Pacchimāni dve satipaṭṭhānāni tasseva ānubhāvena ijjhanti. Amoho dīghāyukatāya paccayo hoti. Amūḷho hi hitāhitaṃ ñatvā ahitaṃ parivajjento hitañca paṭisevamāno dīghāyuko hoti, attasampattiyā aparihīno hoti. Amūḷho hi attano hitameva karonto attānaṃ sampādeti. Ariyavihārassa paccayo hoti, udāsinapakkhesu nibbuto hoti amūḷhassa sabbābhisaṅgatāya abhāvato. Amohena anattadassanaṃ hoti. Asammūḷho hi yāthāvagahaṇakusalo apariṇāyakaṃ khandhapañcakaṃ apariṇāyakato bujjhati. Yathā ca etena anattadassanaṃ, evaṃ attadassanaṃ mohena. Ko hi nāma attasuññataṃ bujjhitvā puna sammohaṃ āpajjeyyāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tena ñāṇena samannāgato</span>ti etena vuttappakārena ñāṇena samaṅgībhūto sekkhādayo muni. <span class="bld">Monappatto</span>ti paṭiladdhañāṇo munibhāvaṃ <a name="M0.0152"></a> patto. <span class="bld">Tīṇī</span>ti gaṇanaparicchedo. <span class="bld">Moneyyānī</span>ti munibhāvakarā moneyyakarā paṭipadā dhammā. <span class="bld">Kāyamoneyya</span>ntiādīsu viññattikāyarūpakāyavasena paññāpetabbaṃ <span class="bld">kāyamoneyyaṃ</span>. Viññattivācāsaddavācāvasena paññāpetabbaṃ <span class="bld">vacīmoneyyaṃ</span>. Manodvārikacittādivasena paññāpetabbaṃ <span class="bld">manomoneyyaṃ. Tividhakāyaduccaritānaṃ pahāna</span>nti pāṇātipātādividhānaṃ kāyato pavattānaṃ duṭṭhu caritānaṃ pajahanaṃ. <span class="bld">Kāyasucarita</span>nti kāyato pavattaṃ suṭṭhu caritaṃ. <span class="bld">Kāyārammaṇe ñāṇa</span>nti kāyaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā aniccādivasena pavattaṃ kāyārammaṇe ñāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Kāyapariññā</span>ti kāyaṃ ñātatīraṇappahānapariññāhi jānanavasena pavattaṃ ñāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Pariññāsahagato maggo</span>ti ajjhattikaṃ kāyaṃ sammasitvā uppāditamaggo pariññāsahagato. <span class="bld">Kāye chandarāgassa pahāna</span>nti kāye taṇhāchandarāgassa pajahanaṃ. <span class="bld">Kāyasaṅkhāranirodho</span>ti <a name="P1.0177"></a> assāsapassāsānaṃ nirodho āvaraṇo, catutthajjhānasamāpattisamāpajjanaṃ. <span class="bld">Vacīsaṅkhāranirodho</span>ti vitakkavicārānaṃ nirodho āvaraṇo, dutiyajjhānasamāpattisamāpajjanaṃ. <span class="bld">Cittasaṅkhāranirodho</span>ti saññāvedanānaṃ nirodho āvaraṇo, saññāvedayitanirodhasamāpattisamāpajjanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paṭhamagāthāya <span class="bld">kāyamuni</span>ntiādīsu kāyaduccaritappahānavasena <span class="bld">kāyamuni</span>. Vacīduccaritappahānavasena <span class="bld">vācāmuni</span>. Manoduccaritappahānavasena <span class="bld">manomuni</span>. Sabbākusalappahānavasena <span class="bld">anāsavamuni. Moneyyasampanna</span>nti jānitabbaṃ jānitvā phale ṭhitattā moneyyasampannaṃ. <span class="bld">Āhu sabbappahāyina</span>nti sabbakilese pajahitvā ṭhitattā sabbappahāyinaṃ kathayanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dutiyagāthāya <a name="V0.0138"></a> <span class="bld">ninhātapāpaka</span>nti yo ajjhattabahiddhasaṅkhāte sabbasmimpi āyatane ajjhattabahiddhārammaṇavasena uppattirahāni sabbapāpakāni maggañāṇena ninhāya dhovitvā ṭhitattā ninhātapāpakaṃ āhūti evamattho daṭṭhabbo. Agāramajjhe vasantā <span class="bld">agāramunino</span>. Pabbajjupagatā <span class="bld">anagāramunino</span>. Tattha sekkhā <span class="bld">sekkhamunino</span>. Arahanto <span class="bld">asekkhamunino</span>. Paccekabuddhā <span class="bld">paccekamunino</span>. Sammāsambuddhā <span class="bld">munimunino</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Puna kathetukamyatāpucchāvasena <span class="bld">‘‘katame agāramunino’’</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Agārikā</span>ti kasigorakkhādiagārikakamme niyuttā. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhapadā</span>ti diṭṭhanibbānā<a name="M0.0153"></a>. <span class="bld">Viññātasāsanā</span>ti viññātaṃ sikkhattayasāsanaṃ etesanti viññātasāsanā. <span class="bld">Anagārā</span>ti kasigorakkhādiagāriyakammaṃ etesaṃ natthīti pabbajitā ‘‘anagārā’’ti vuccanti. <span class="bld">Satta sekkhā</span>ti sotāpannādayo satta. Tīsu sikkhāsu sikkhantīti sekkhā. Arahanto na sikkhantīti asekkhā. Taṃ taṃ kāraṇaṃ paṭicca ekakāva anācariyakāva catusaccaṃ bujjhitavantoti <span class="bld">paccekabuddhā paccekamunino</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Munimunino vuccanti tathāgatā</span>ti ettha aṭṭhahi kāraṇehi bhagavā tathāgato – tathā āgatoti tathāgato, tathā gatoti tathāgato, tathalakkhaṇaṃ āgatoti tathāgato, tathadhamme yāthāvato <a name="P1.0178"></a> abhisambuddhoti tathāgato, tathadassitāya tathāgato, tathavāditāya tathāgato, tathākāritāya tathāgato, abhibhavanaṭṭhena tathāgatoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ bhagavā <span class="bld">tathā āgatoti tathāgato</span>? Yathā sabbalokahitāya ussukkamāpannā purimakā sammāsambuddhā āgatā. Kiṃ vuttaṃ hoti? Yenābhinīhārena purimakā bhagavanto āgatā, teneva amhākampi bhagavā āgato. Atha vā yathā purimakā bhagavanto dānasīlanekkhammapaññāvīriyakhantisaccādhiṭṭhānamettupekkhāsaṅkhātā dasa pāramiyo dasa upapāramiyo dasa paramatthapāramiyoti samatiṃsapāramiyo pūretvā aṅgapariccāgaṃ nayanadhanarajjaputtadārapariccāganti ime pañca mahāpariccāge pariccajitvā pubbayogapubbacariyadhammakkhānañātatthacariyādayo pūretvā buddhicariyāya koṭiṃ patvā āgatā, tathā amhākampi bhagavā āgato. Yathā ca purimakā bhagavanto cattāro satipaṭṭhāne, cattāro sammappadhāne, cattāro iddhipāde, pañcindriyāni, pañca balāni, satta bojjhaṅge, ariyaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ bhāvetvā pūretvā āgatā, tathā amhākampi bhagavā āgato. Evaṃ tathā āgatoti tathāgato.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yathā <a name="V0.0139"></a> ca dīpaṅkarabuddhaādayo, sabbaññubhāvaṃ munayo idhāgatā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tathā ayaṃ sakyamunīpi āgato, tathāgato vuccati tena cakkhumā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ <a name="M0.0154"></a> <span class="bld">tathā gatoti tathāgato</span>? Yathā sampatijātā purimakā bhagavanto gatā. Kathañca te gatā? Te hi sampatijātā samehi pādehi pathaviyaṃ patiṭṭhāya uttarābhimukhā sattapadavītihārena gatā. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Sampatijāto, ānanda, bodhisatto samehi pādehi pathaviyaṃ patiṭṭhahitvā uttarābhimukho sattapadavītihārena gacchati, setamhi chatte anudhāriyamāne sabbā ca disā anuviloketi, āsabhiñca vācaṃ bhāsati – ‘aggohamasmi lokassa, jeṭṭhohamasmi lokassa, seṭṭhohamasmi lokassa, ayamantimā jāti, natthi dāni punabbhavo’’’ti (dī. ni. 2.31; ma. ni. 3.207).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tañcassa gamanaṃ tathaṃ ahosi avitathaṃ anekesaṃ visesādhigamānaṃ <a name="P1.0179"></a> pubbanimittabhāvena. Yañhi so sampatijāto samehi pādehi patiṭṭhāti, idamassa caturiddhipādapaṭilābhassa pubbanimittaṃ. Uttaramukhabhāvo panassa sabbalokuttarabhāvassa pubbanimittaṃ. Sattapadavītihāro sattabojjhaṅgaratanapaṭilābhassa. ‘‘Suvaṇṇadaṇḍā vītipatanti cāmarā’’ti (su. ni. 693) ettha vuttacāmarukkhepo pana sabbatitthiyanimmadanassa. Setacchattadhāraṇaṃ arahattavimuttivaravimalasetacchattapaṭilābhassa. Sabbadisānuvilokanaṃ sabbaññutānāvaraṇañāṇapaṭilābhassa. Āsabhivācābhāsanaṃ pana appaṭivattiyavaradhammacakkapavattanassa pubbanimittaṃ. Tathā ayaṃ bhagavāpi gato. Tañcassa gamanaṃ tathaṃ ahosi avitathaṃ tesaṃyeva visesādhigamānaṃ pubbanimittabhāvena. Tenāhu porāṇā –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Muhuttajātova gavampatī yathā, samehi pādehi phusī vasundharaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">So vikkamī satta padāni gotamo, setañca chattaṃ anudhārayuṃ marū.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Gantvāna so satta padāni gotamo, disā vilokesi samā samantato;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Aṭṭhaṅgupetaṃ giramabbhudīrayi, sīho yathā pabbatamuddhaniṭṭhito’’ti. (paṭi. ma. aṭṭha. 1.1.37; itivu. aṭṭha. 38);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ <a name="V0.0140"></a><a name="M0.0155"></a> tathā gatoti tathāgato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha vā yathā purimakā bhagavanto, ayampi bhagavā tatheva nekkhammena kāmacchandaṃ…pe… paṭhamajjhānena nīvaraṇe…pe… aniccānupassanāya niccasaññaṃ…pe… arahattamaggena sabbakilese pahāya gato, evampi tathā gatoti tathāgato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ <span class="bld">tathalakkhaṇaṃ āgatoti tathāgato</span>? Pathavīdhātuyā kakkhaḷattalakkhaṇaṃ tathaṃ avitathaṃ, āpodhātuyā paggharaṇalakkhaṇaṃ, tejodhātuyā uṇhattalakkhaṇaṃ, vāyodhātuyā vitthambhanalakkhaṇaṃ, ākāsadhātuyā asamphuṭṭhalakkhaṇaṃ, viññāṇadhātuyā vijānanalakkhaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Rūpassa <a name="P1.0180"></a> ruppanalakkhaṇaṃ, vedanāya vedayitalakkhaṇaṃ, saññāya sañjānanalakkhaṇaṃ, saṅkhārānaṃ abhisaṅkharaṇalakkhaṇaṃ, viññāṇassa vijānanalakkhaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vitakkassa abhiniropanalakkhaṇaṃ, vicārassa anumajjanalakkhaṇaṃ, pītiyā pharaṇalakkhaṇaṃ, sukhassa sātalakkhaṇaṃ, cittekaggatāya avikkhepalakkhaṇaṃ, phassassa phusanalakkhaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Saddhindriyassa adhimokkhalakkhaṇaṃ, vīriyindriyassa paggahalakkhaṇaṃ, satindriyassa upaṭṭhānalakkhaṇaṃ, samādhindriyassa avikkhepalakkhaṇaṃ, paññindriyassa pajānanalakkhaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Saddhābalassa assaddhiye akampiyalakkhaṇaṃ, vīriyabalassa kosajje, satibalassa muṭṭhassacce, samādhibalassa uddhacce, paññābalassa avijjāya akampiyalakkhaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Satisambojjhaṅgassa upaṭṭhānalakkhaṇaṃ, dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgassa pavicayalakkhaṇaṃ, vīriyasambojjhaṅgassa paggahalakkhaṇaṃ, pītisambojjhaṅgassa pharaṇalakkhaṇaṃ, passaddhisambojjhaṅgassa upasamalakkhaṇaṃ, samādhisambojjhaṅgassa avikkhepalakkhaṇaṃ, upekkhāsambojjhaṅgassa paṭisaṅkhānalakkhaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sammādiṭṭhiyā dassanalakkhaṇaṃ, sammāsaṅkappassa abhiniropanalakkhaṇaṃ, sammāvācāya pariggahalakkhaṇaṃ, sammākammantassa samuṭṭhānalakkhaṇaṃ, sammāājīvassa vodānalakkhaṇaṃ, sammāvāyāmassa <a name="V0.0141"></a> paggahalakkhaṇaṃ, sammāsatiyā upaṭṭhānalakkhaṇaṃ, sammāsamādhissa avikkhepalakkhaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Avijjāya <a name="M0.0156"></a> aññāṇalakkhaṇaṃ, saṅkhārānaṃ cetanālakkhaṇaṃ, viññāṇassa vijānanalakkhaṇaṃ, nāmassa namanalakkhaṇaṃ, rūpassa ruppanalakkhaṇaṃ, saḷāyatanassa āyatanalakkhaṇaṃ, phassassa phusanalakkhaṇaṃ, vedanāya vedayitalakkhaṇaṃ, taṇhāya hetulakkhaṇaṃ, upādānassa gahaṇalakkhaṇaṃ, bhavassa āyūhanalakkhaṇaṃ, jātiyā nibbattilakkhaṇaṃ, jarāya jīraṇalakkhaṇaṃ, maraṇassa cutilakkhaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dhātūnaṃ suññatalakkhaṇaṃ, āyatanānaṃ āyatanalakkhaṇaṃ, satipaṭṭhānānaṃ upaṭṭhānalakkhaṇaṃ, sammappadhānānaṃ padahanalakkhaṇaṃ, iddhipādānaṃ ijjhanalakkhaṇaṃ, indriyānaṃ adhipatilakkhaṇaṃ, balānaṃ akampiyalakkhaṇaṃ, bojjhaṅgānaṃ niyyānalakkhaṇaṃ, maggassa hetulakkhaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Saccānaṃ tathalakkhaṇaṃ, samathassa avikkhepalakkhaṇaṃ, vipassanāya anupassanālakkhaṇaṃ, samathavipassanānaṃ ekarasalakkhaṇaṃ, yuganaddhānaṃ anativattanalakkhaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sīlavisuddhiyā saṃvaraṇalakkhaṇaṃ, cittavisuddhiyā avikkhepalakkhaṇaṃ, diṭṭhivisuddhiyā dassanalakkhaṇaṃ, khaye ñāṇassa samucchedalakkhaṇaṃ, anuppāde ñāṇassa passaddhilakkhaṇaṃ, chandassa mūlalakkhaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Manasikārassa samuṭṭhānalakkhaṇaṃ, phassassa <a name="P1.0181"></a> samodhānalakkhaṇaṃ, vedanāya samosaraṇalakkhaṇaṃ, samādhissa pamukhalakkhaṇaṃ, satiyā ādhipateyyalakkhaṇaṃ, paññāya tatuttariyalakkhaṇaṃ, vimuttiyā sāralakkhaṇaṃ, amatogadhassa nibbānassa pariyosānalakkhaṇaṃ tathaṃ avitathaṃ, etaṃ tathalakkhaṇaṃ ñāṇagatiyā āgato avirajjhitvā patto anuppattoti tathāgato. Evaṃ tathalakkhaṇaṃ āgatoti tathāgato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ <span class="bld">tathadhamme yāthāvato abhisambuddhoti tathāgato</span>? Tathadhammā nāma cattāri ariyasaccāni. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Cattārimāni, bhikkhave, tathāni avitathāni anaññathāni. Katamāni cattāri? ‘Idaṃ <a name="V0.0142"></a> dukkha’nti, bhikkhave, tathametaṃ avitathametaṃ anaññathameta’’nti vitthāro (saṃ. ni. 5.1090).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tāni <a name="M0.0157"></a> ca bhagavā abhisambuddhoti tathānaṃ abhisambuddhattā tathāgatoti vuccati. Abhisambuddhattho hi ettha gatasaddo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Api ca jarāmaraṇassa jātipaccayasambhūtasamudāgataṭṭho tatho avitatho anaññatho…pe… saṅkhārānaṃ avijjāpaccayasambhūtasamudāgataṭṭho tatho avitatho anaññatho. Tathā avijjāya saṅkhārānaṃ paccayaṭṭho…pe… jātiyā jarāmaraṇassa paccayaṭṭho tatho avitatho anaññatho. Taṃ sabbaṃ bhagavā abhisambuddho, tassāpi tathānaṃ abhisambuddhattā tathāgato. Evaṃ tathadhamme yāthāvato abhisambuddhoti tathāgato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ <span class="bld">tathadassitāya tathāgato</span>? Bhagavā yaṃ sadevake loke…pe… sadevamanussāya pajāya aparimāṇāsu lokadhātūsu aparimāṇānaṃ sattānaṃ cakkhudvāre āpāthaṃ āgacchantaṃ rūpārammaṇaṃ nāma atthi, taṃ sabbākārena jānāti passati. Evaṃ jānatā passatā ca tena taṃ iṭṭhāniṭṭhādivasena vā diṭṭhasutamutaviññātesu labbhamānakapadavasena vā ‘‘katamaṃ taṃ rūpaṃ rūpāyatanaṃ? Yaṃ rūpaṃ catunnaṃ mahābhūtānaṃ upādāya vaṇṇanibhā sanidassanaṃ sappaṭighaṃ nīlaṃ pītaka’’ntiādinā (dha. sa. 616) nayena anekehi nāmehi terasahi vārehi dvipaññāsāya nayehi vibhajjamānaṃ tathameva hoti, vitathaṃ natthi. Esa nayo sotadvārādīsupi āpāthamāgacchantesu <a name="P1.0182"></a> saddādīsu. Vuttampi cetaṃ bhagavatā –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Yaṃ, bhikkhave, sadevakassa lokassa…pe… sadevamanussāya pajāya diṭṭhaṃ sutaṃ mutaṃ viññātaṃ pattaṃ pariyesitaṃ anuvicaritaṃ manasā, tamahaṃ jānāmi…pe… tamahaṃ abbhaññāsiṃ. Taṃ tathāgatassa viditaṃ, taṃ tathāgato na upaṭṭhāsī’’ti (a. ni. 4.24).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ tathadassitāya tathāgato. Tattha tathadassīatthe tathāgatoti padasambhavo veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ <span class="bld">tathavāditāya tathāgato</span>? Yaṃ rattiṃ bhagavā bodhimaṇḍe aparājitapallaṅke nisinno catunnaṃ mārānaṃ matthakaṃ madditvā anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambuddho, yañca rattiṃ yamakasālānamantare <a name="V0.0143"></a> anupādisesāya nibbānadhātuyā parinibbāyi, etthantare pañcacattālīsavassaparimāṇe kāle <a name="M0.0158"></a> paṭhamabodhiyampi majjhimabodhiyampi pacchimabodhiyampi yaṃ bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ suttaṃ geyyaṃ…pe… vedallaṃ. Sabbaṃ taṃ atthato byañjanato ca anupavajjaṃ anūnamanadhikaṃ sabbākāraparipuṇṇaṃ rāgamadanimmadanaṃ dosamohamadanimmadanaṃ, natthi tattha vālaggamattampi pakkhalitaṃ, sabbaṃ taṃ ekamuddikāya lañchitaṃ viya, ekanāḷiyā mitaṃ viya, ekatulāya tulitaṃ viya ca tathameva hoti avitathaṃ anaññathaṃ. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Yañca, cunda, rattiṃ tathāgato anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambujjhati, yañca rattiṃ anupādisesāya nibbānadhātuyā parinibbāyati, yaṃ etasmiṃ antare bhāsati lapati niddisati, sabbaṃ taṃ tatheva hoti no aññathā, tasmā ‘tathāgato’ti vuccatī’’ti (dī. ni. 3.188).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Gadaattho hi ettha gatasaddo. Evaṃ tathavāditāya tathāgato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Api ca āgadanaṃ āgado, vacananti attho. Tatho aviparīto āgado assāti dakārassa takāraṃ katvā tathāgatoti evametasmiṃ atthe padasiddhi veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ <span class="bld">tathākāritāya tathāgato</span>? Bhagavato hi vācāya kāyo anulometi, kāyassāpi vācā. Tasmā yathāvādī tathākārī, yathākārī tathāvādī ca hoti. Evaṃbhūtassa cassa yathā vācā<a name="P1.0183"></a>, kāyopi tathā gato pavattoti attho. Yathā ca kāyo, vācāpi tathā gatā pavattāti tathāgato. Tenevāha – ‘‘yathāvādī, bhikkhave, tathāgato tathākārī, yathākārī tathāvādī. Iti yathāvādī tathākārī, yathākārī tathāvādī. ‘Tasmā tathāgato’ti vuccatī’’ti (a. ni. 4.23). Evaṃ tathākāritāya tathāgato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ <span class="bld">abhibhavanaṭṭhena tathāgato</span>? Upari bhavaggaṃ heṭṭhā avīciṃ pariyantaṃ katvā tiriyaṃ aparimāṇāsu lokadhātūsu sabbasatte abhibhavati sīlena samādhinā paññāya vimuttiyā vimuttiñāṇadassanena, na tassa tulā vā pamāṇaṃ vā atthi, atha kho atulo appameyyo anuttaro rājātirājā devānaṃ atidevo sakkānaṃ atisakko brahmānaṃ atibrahmā. Tenāha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Sadevake<a name="M0.0159"></a>, bhikkhave, loke…pe… sadevamanussāya pajāya tathāgato abhibhū anabhibhūto <a name="V0.0144"></a> aññadatthudaso vasavattī, tasmā ‘tathāgato’ti vuccatī’’ti (a. ni. 4.23).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatthevaṃ padasiddhi veditabbā – agado viya agado. Ko panesa? Desanāvilāso ceva puññussayo ca. Tena hesa mahānubhāvo bhisakko dibbāgadena sappe viya sabbaparappavādino sadevakañca lokaṃ abhibhavati. Iti sabbalokābhibhavane tatho aviparīto desanāvilāsamayo ceva puññamayo ca agado assāti dakārassa takāraṃ katvā tathāgatoti veditabbo. Evaṃ abhibhavanaṭṭhena tathāgato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Api ca tathāya gatotipi tathāgato, tathaṃ gatotipi tathāgato. <span class="bld">Gato</span>ti avagato, atīto patto paṭipannoti attho. Tattha sakalaṃ lokaṃ tīraṇapariññāya tathāya gato avagatoti tathāgato, lokasamudayaṃ pahānapariññāya tathāya gato atītoti tathāgato, lokanirodhaṃ sacchikiriyāya tathāya gato pattoti tathāgato, lokanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ tathaṃ gato paṭipannoti tathāgato. Tena yaṃ vuttaṃ bhagavatā –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Loko, bhikkhave, tathāgatena abhisambuddho, lokasmā tathāgato visaṃyutto. Lokasamudayo, bhikkhave, tathāgatena abhisambuddho, lokasamudayo tathāgatassa pahīno. Lokanirodho, bhikkhave, tathāgatena abhisambuddho, lokanirodho tathāgatassa sacchikato. Lokanirodhagāminī <a name="P1.0184"></a> paṭipadā, bhikkhave, tathāgatena abhisambuddhā, lokanirodhagāminī paṭipadā tathāgatassa bhāvitā. Yaṃ, bhikkhave, sadevakassa lokassa…pe… anuvicaritaṃ manasā, sabbaṃ taṃ tathāgatena abhisambuddhaṃ. Tasmā ‘tathāgato’ti vuccatī’’ti (a. ni. 4.23).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tassa <a name="M0.0160"></a> evampi attho veditabbo. Idampi ca tathāgatassa tathāgatabhāvadīpena mukhamattameva. Sabbākārena pana tathāgatova tathāgatassa tathāgatabhāvaṃ vaṇṇeyya. Yasmā pana sabbabuddhā tathāgataguṇenāpi samasamā, tasmā sabbesaṃ vasena ‘‘tathāgatā’’ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Arahanto</span>ti kilesehi ārakattā, arīnaṃ arānañca hatattā, paccayādīnaṃ arahattā, pāpakaraṇe rahābhāvā tathāgato arahaṃ. Ārakā hi so sabbakilesehi suvidūravidūre ṭhito maggena savāsanānaṃ kilesānaṃ viddhaṃsitattāti ārakattā arahaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘So <a name="V0.0145"></a> tato ārakā nāma, yassa yenāsamaṅgitā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Asamaṅgī ca dosehi, nātho tenārahaṃ mato’’.</p>
<p class="unindented">Te cānena kilesārayo maggena hatāti arīnaṃ hatattāpi arahaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yasmā rāgādisaṅkhātā, sabbepi arayo hatā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Paññāsatthena nāthena, tasmāpi arahaṃ mato’’.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yañcetaṃ avijjābhavataṇhāmayanābhiṃ puññādiabhisaṅkhārānaṃ jarāmaraṇanemiṃ āsavasamudayamayena akkhena vijjhitvā tibhavarathe samāyojitaṃ anādikālappavattaṃ saṃsāracakkaṃ, tassānena bodhimaṇḍe vīriyapādehi sīlapathaviyaṃ patiṭṭhāya saddhāhatthena kammakkhayakaraṃ ñāṇapharasuṃ gahetvā sabbe arā hatāti arahaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Arā saṃsāracakkassa, hatā ñāṇāsinā yato;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Lokanāthena tenesa, ‘araha’nti pavuccati’’.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aggadakkhiṇeyyattā <a name="P1.0185"></a> ca cīvarādipaccaye arahati pūjāvisesañca, teneva ca uppanne tathāgate ye keci mahesakkhā devamanussā, na te aññattha pūjaṃ karonti. Tathā hi brahmā sahampati sinerumattena ratanadāmena tathāgataṃ pūjesi, yathābalañca aññe devā ca manussā ca bimbisārakosalarājādayo. Parinibbutampi ca bhagavantaṃ uddissa channavutikoṭidhanaṃ vissajjetvā asokamahārājā sakalajambudīpe caturāsītivihārasahassāni patiṭṭhāpesi. Ko pana vādo aññesaṃ pūjāvisesānanti paccayādīnaṃ arahattāpi arahaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Pūjāvisesaṃ <a name="M0.0161"></a> saha paccayehi, yasmā ayaṃ arahati lokanātho;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Atthānurūpaṃ arahanti loke, tasmā jino arahati nāmametaṃ’’.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā ca loke ye keci paṇḍitamānino bālā asilokabhayena raho pāpaṃ karonti, evamesa na kadāci pāpaṃ karotīti pāpakaraṇe rahābhāvatopi arahaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yasmā natthi raho nāma, pāpakammesu tādino;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Rahābhāvena tenesa, arahaṃ iti vissuto’’.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ <a name="V0.0146"></a> sabbathāpi –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Ārakattā hatattā ca, kilesārīna so muni;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Hatasaṃsāracakkāro, paccayādīna cāraho;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Na raho karoti pāpāni, arahaṃ tena vuccatī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā pana sabbe buddhā arahattaguṇenāpi samasamā, tasmā sabbesampi vasena ‘‘arahanto’’ti āha. <span class="bld">Sammāsambuddhā</span>ti sammā sāmañca sabbadhammānaṃ buddhattā sammāsambuddho. Tathā hesa sabbadhamme sammāsambuddho, abhiññeyye dhamme abhiññeyyato, pariññeyye dhamme pariññeyyato, pahātabbe dhamme pahātabbato, sacchikātabbe dhamme sacchikātabbato, bhāvetabbe dhamme bhāvetabbato. Tenevāha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Abhiññeyyaṃ <a name="P1.0186"></a> abhiññātaṃ, bhāvetabbañca bhāvitaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Pahātabbaṃ pahīnaṃ me, tasmā buddhosmi brāhmaṇā’’ti. (su. ni. 563; ma. ni. 2.399);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha vā cakkhu dukkhasaccaṃ, tassa mūlakāraṇabhāvena samuṭṭhāpikā purimataṇhā samudayasaccaṃ, ubhinnaṃ appavatti nirodhasaccaṃ, nirodhapajānanā paṭipadā maggasaccanti evaṃ ekekapaduddhārenāpi sabbadhamme sammā sāmañca buddho. Esa nayo sotaghānajivhākāyamanesu. Eteneva ca nayena rūpādīni cha āyatanāni, cakkhuviññāṇādayo cha viññāṇakāyā, cakkhusamphassādayo cha phassā, cakkhusamphassajā vedanādayo cha vedanā, rūpasaññādayo <a name="M0.0162"></a> cha saññā, rūpasañcetanādayo cha cetanā, rūpataṇhādayo cha taṇhākāyā, rūpavitakkādayo cha vitakkā, rūpavicārādayo cha vicārā, rūpakkhandhādayo pañcakkhandhā, dasa kasiṇāni, dasa anussatiyo, uddhumātakasaññādivasena dasa saññā, kesādayo dvattiṃsākārā, dvādasāyatanāni, aṭṭhārasa dhātuyo, kāmabhavādayo nava bhavā, paṭhamādīni cattāri jhānāni, mettābhāvanādayo catasso appamaññāyo, catasso arūpasamāpattiyo, paṭilomato jarāmaraṇādīni, anulomato avijjādīni paṭiccasamuppādaṅgāni ca yojetabbāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatrāyaṃ ekapadayojanā – jarāmaraṇaṃ dukkhasaccaṃ, jāti samudayasaccaṃ, ubhinnaṃ nissaraṇaṃ nirodhasaccaṃ, nirodhapajānanā paṭipadā maggasaccanti evaṃ ekekapaduddhārena sabbadhamme sammā sāmañca <a name="V0.0147"></a> buddho anubuddho paṭividdho. Yaṃ vā pana kiñci atthi neyyaṃ nāma, sabbassa sammā sambuddhattā vimokkhantikañāṇavasena sammāsambuddho. Tesaṃ pana vibhāgo upari āvi bhavissati. Yasmā pana sabbabuddhā sammāsambuddhaguṇenāpi samasamā, tasmā sabbesampi vasena ‘‘sammāsambuddhā’’ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Monenā</span>ti kāmañhi moneyyapaṭipadāsaṅkhātena maggañāṇamonena muni nāma hoti, idha pana tuṇhībhāvaṃ sandhāya ‘‘na monenā’’ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Mūḷharūpo</span>ti tuccharūpo. <span class="bld">Aviddasū</span>ti <a name="P1.0187"></a> aviññū. Evarūpo hi tuṇhībhūtopi muni nāma na hoti. Atha vā moneyyamuni nāma na hoti, tucchabhāvo ca pana aññāṇī ca hotīti attho. <span class="bld">Yo ca tulaṃva paggayhā</span>ti yathā hi tulaṃ gahetvā ṭhito atirekaṃ ce hoti, harati, ūnaṃ ce hoti, pakkhipati; evameva so atirekaṃ haranto viya pāpaṃ harati parivajjeti, ūnake pakkhipanto viya kusalaṃ paripūreti. Evañca pana karonto sīlasamādhipaññāvimuttivimuttiñāṇadassanasaṅkhātaṃ <span class="bld">varaṃ</span> uttamameva ādāya <span class="bld">pāpāni</span> akusalakammāni <span class="bld">parivajjeti sa muni</span> nāmāti attho. <span class="bld">Tena so munī</span>ti kasmā pana so munīti ce? Yaṃ heṭṭhā vuttakāraṇaṃ, tena so munīti attho. <span class="bld">Yo munāti ubho loke</span>ti yo puggalo imasmiṃ khandhādiloke tulaṃ āropetvā minanto viya ‘‘ime ajjhattikā khandhā, ime bāhirā’’tiādinā nayena ime <a name="M0.0163"></a> ubho atthe munāti. <span class="bld">Muni tena pavuccatī</span>ti tena pana kāraṇena ‘‘munī’’ti vuccatiyevāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Asatañcā</span>ti gāthāya ayaṃ saṅkhepattho – yvāyaṃ akusalakusalappabhedo, asatañca satañca dhammo, taṃ ‘‘ajjhattaṃ bahiddhā’’ti imasmiṃ sabbaloke pavicayañāṇena asatañca satañca ñatvā dhammaṃ. Tassa ñātattā eva, rāgādibhedato sattavidhaṃ <span class="bld">saṅgaṃ</span> taṇhādiṭṭhibhedato duvidhaṃ <span class="bld">jāla</span>ñca <span class="bld">aticca</span> atikkamitvā ṭhito, so tena monasaṅkhātena pavicayañāṇena samannāgatattā <span class="bld">muni. Devamanussehi pūjito</span>ti idaṃ panassa thutivacanaṃ. So hi khīṇāsavamunittā devamanussānaṃ pūjāraho hoti, tasmā evaṃ vuttoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Salla</span>nti mūlapadaṃ. <span class="bld">Satta sallānī</span>ti gaṇanaparicchedo. <span class="bld">Rāgasalla</span>nti rañjanaṭṭhena rāgo ca pīḷājanakatāya antotudanatāya dunnīharaṇatāya sallañcāti rāgasallaṃ. <span class="bld">Dosasallā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Abbūḷhasallo</span>ti mūlapadaṃ. <span class="bld">Abbahitasallo</span>ti nīhaṭasallo. <span class="bld">Uddhatasallo</span>ti uddhaṃ haṭasallo uddharitasallo. <span class="bld">Samuddhatasallo</span>ti upasaggavasena vutto. <span class="bld">Uppāṭitasallo</span>ti luñcitasallo. <span class="bld">Samuppāṭitasallo</span>ti upasaggavaseneva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sakkaccakārī</span>ti <a name="V0.0148"></a><a name="P1.0188"></a> dānādīnaṃ kusaladhammānaṃ bhāvanāya puggalassa vā deyyadhammassa vā sakkaccakaraṇavasena sakkaccakārī. Satatabhāvakaraṇena <span class="bld">sātaccakārī</span>. Aṭṭhitakaraṇena <span class="bld">aṭṭhitakārī</span>. Yathā nāma kakaṇṭako thokaṃ gantvā thokaṃ tiṭṭhati, na nirantaraṃ gacchati; evameva yo puggalo ekadivasaṃ dānaṃ datvā pūjaṃ vā katvā dhammaṃ vā sutvā samaṇadhammaṃ vā katvā puna cirassaṃ karoti, taṃ na nirantaraṃ pavatteti. So ‘‘asātaccakārī, anaṭṭhitakārī’’ti vuccati. Ayaṃ evaṃ na karotīti aṭṭhitakārī. <span class="bld">Anolīnavuttiko</span>ti nirantarakaraṇasaṅkhātassa vipphārassa bhāvena na līnavuttikoti anolīnavuttiko. <span class="bld">Anikkhittacchando</span>ti kusalakaraṇe vīriyacchandassa anikkhittabhāvena anikkhittacchando. <span class="bld">Anikkhittadhuro</span>ti vīriyadhurassa anoropanena anikkhittadhuro, anosakkitamānasoti attho. <span class="bld">Yo tattha chando ca vāyāmo cā</span>ti yo tesu kusaladhammesu kattukamyatādhammacchando ca payattasaṅkhāto vāyāmo ca. Ussahanavasena <a name="M0.0164"></a> <span class="bld">ussāho ca</span>. Adhimattussahanavasena <span class="bld">ussoḷhī ca</span>. Vāyāmo ceso pāraṃ gamanaṭṭhena. Ussāho ceso pubbaṅgamanaṭṭhena. Ussoḷhī ceso adhimattaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Appaṭivāni cā</span>ti anivattanā ca. <span class="bld">Sati ca sampajañña</span>nti saratīti sati. Sampajānātīti sampajaññaṃ, samantato pakārehi jānātīti attho. Sātthakasampajaññaṃ sappāyasampajaññaṃ gocarasampajaññaṃ asammohasampajaññanti imassa sampajānassa vasena bhedo veditabbo. <span class="bld">Ātappa</span>nti kilesatāpanavīriyaṃ. <span class="bld">Padhāna</span>nti uttamavīriyaṃ. <span class="bld">Adhiṭṭhāna</span>nti kusalakaraṇe patiṭṭhābhāvo. <span class="bld">Anuyogo</span>ti anuyuñjanaṃ. <span class="bld">Appamādo</span>ti nappamajjanaṃ, satiyā avippavāso.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Imaṃ lokaṃ nāsīsatī</span>ti mūlapadaṃ. <span class="bld">Sakattabhāva</span>nti attano attabhāvaṃ. <span class="bld">Parattabhāva</span>nti paraloke attabhāvaṃ. Sakarūpavedanādayo attano pañcakkhandhe, pararūpavedanādayo ca paraloke pañcakkhandhe. <span class="bld">Kāmadhātu</span>nti kāmabhavaṃ. <span class="bld">Rūpadhātu</span>nti rūpabhavaṃ. <span class="bld">Arūpadhātu</span>nti arūpabhavaṃ. Puna rūpārūpavasena dukaṃ <a name="P1.0189"></a> dassetuṃ kāmadhātuṃ rūpadhātuṃ ekaṃ katvā, arūpadhātuṃ ekaṃ katvā vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Gatiṃ vā</span>ti patiṭṭhānavasena pañcagati vuttā. <span class="bld">Upapattiṃ vā</span>ti nibbattivasena catuyoni vuttā. <span class="bld">Paṭisandhiṃ vā</span>ti tiṇṇaṃ bhavānaṃ ghaṭanavasena paṭisandhi vuttā. <span class="bld">Bhavaṃ vā</span>ti kammabhavavasena. <span class="bld">Saṃsāraṃ vā</span>ti khandhādīnaṃ abbocchinnavasena. <span class="bld">Vaṭṭaṃ vā</span>ti tebhūmakavaṭṭaṃ <span class="bld">nāsīsatī</span>ti.</p>
<p class="centered">Saddhammappajjotikāya mahāniddesaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Guhaṭṭhakasuttaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter">3. Duṭṭhaṭṭhakasuttaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para15"></a><span class="paranum">15</span>. Duṭṭhaṭṭhake <a name="V0.0149"></a><a name="P1.0190"></a> paṭhamagāthāyaṃ tāva tattha <span class="bld">vadantī</span>ti bhagavantaṃ bhikkhusaṅghañca upavadanti. <span class="bld">Duṭṭhamanāpi eke, athopi ve saccamanā</span>ti ekacce duṭṭhacittā, ekacce tathasaññinopi hutvā titthiyā tuṭṭhacittā, ye tesaṃ sutvā saddahiṃsu, te saccamanāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Vādañca jāta</span>nti etaṃ akkosavādaṃ uppannaṃ. <span class="bld">Muni no upetī</span>ti akārakatāya ca akuppanatāya ca buddhamuni na upeti. <span class="bld">Tasmā munī natthi khilo kuhiñcī</span>ti tena kāraṇena ayaṃ muni, rāgādikhilehi natthi khilo kuhiñcīti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Duṭṭhamanā</span>ti <a name="M0.0165"></a> uppannehi dosehi dūsitacittā. <span class="bld">Viruddhamanā</span>ti tehi kilesehi kusalassa dvāraṃ adatvā āvaritacittā. <span class="bld">Paṭiviruddhamanā</span>ti upasaggavasena padaṃ vaḍḍhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Āhatamanā</span>ti paṭighena āhataṃ cittaṃ etesanti āhatamanā. <span class="bld">Paccāhatamanā</span>ti upasaggavaseneva. <span class="bld">Āghātitamanā</span>ti vihiṃsāvasena āghātitaṃ manaṃ etesanti āghātitamanā. <span class="bld">Paccāghātitamanā</span>ti upasaggavaseneva. Atha vā ‘‘kodhavasena <span class="bld">duṭṭhamanā,</span> upanāhavasena <span class="bld">paduṭṭhamanā,</span> makkhavasena <span class="bld">viruddhamanā,</span> paḷāsavasena <span class="bld">paṭiviruddhamanā,</span> dosavasena <span class="bld">āhatapaccāhatamanā,</span> byāpādavasena <span class="bld">āghātitapaccāghātitamanā</span>. Paccayānaṃ alābhena <span class="bld">duṭṭhamanā paduṭṭhamanā,</span> ayasena <span class="bld">viruddhamanā paṭiviruddhamanā,</span> garahena <span class="bld">āhatapaccāhatamanā,</span> dukkhavedanāsamaṅgībhāvena <span class="bld">āghātitapaccāghātitamanā’’</span>ti evamādinā nayena eke vaṇṇayanti. <span class="bld">Upavadantī</span>ti garahaṃ uppādenti. <span class="bld">Abhūtenā</span>ti asaṃvijjamānena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saddahantā</span>ti pasādavasena saddhaṃ uppādentā. <span class="bld">Okappentā</span>ti <a name="P1.0191"></a> guṇavasena otaritvā avakappayantā. <span class="bld">Adhimuccantā</span>ti sampasādanavasena sanniṭṭhānaṃ katvā tesaṃ kathaṃ adhivāsentā. <span class="bld">Saccamanā</span>ti tacchamanā. <span class="bld">Saccasaññino</span>ti tacchasaññino. <span class="bld">Tathamanā</span>ti aviparītamanā. <span class="bld">Bhūtamanā</span>ti bhūtatthamanā. <span class="bld">Yāthāvamanā</span>ti niccalamanā. <span class="bld">Aviparītamanā</span>ti nicchayamanā. Tattha ‘‘saccamanā <a name="V0.0150"></a> saccasaññino’’ti saccavādiguṇaṃ, ‘‘tathamanā tathasaññino’’ti saccasaddhāguṇaṃ, ‘‘bhūtamanā bhūtasaññino’’ti ṭhitaguṇaṃ, ‘‘yāthāvamanā yāthāvasaññino’’ti paccayikaguṇaṃ, ‘‘aviparītamanā aviparītasaññino’’ti avisaṃvādaguṇaṃ kathitanti ñātabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paratoghoso</span>ti aññesaṃ santikā uppannasaddo. <span class="bld">Akkoso</span>ti jātiādīsu dasasu akkosesu aññataro. <span class="bld">Yo vādaṃ upetī</span>ti yo puggalo upavādaṃ upagacchati. <span class="bld">Kārako vā</span>ti katadoso vā. <span class="bld">Kārakatāyā</span>ti dosassa katabhāvena <span class="bld">vuccamāno</span>ti kathiyamāno. <span class="bld">Upavadiyamāno</span>ti dosaṃ upavajjamāno. <span class="bld">Kuppatī</span>ti kopaṃ karoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Khīlajātatāpi</span> <a name="M0.0166"></a> <span class="bld">natthī</span>ti cittabandhabhāvacittakacavarabhāvasaṅkhātaṃ paṭighakhilaṃ jātaṃ assāti khilajāto, tassa bhāvo khilajātatā, tāpi natthi na santi. <span class="bld">Pañcapi cetokhilā</span>ti kāme avītarāgo, kāye avītarāgo, rūpe avītarāgo, yāvadatthaṃ udarāvadehakaṃ bhuñjitvā seyyasukhaṃ passasukhaṃ middhasukhaṃ anuyutto viharati, aññataraṃ devanikāyaṃ paṇidhāya brahmacariyaṃ carati ‘‘imināhaṃ sīlena vā vatena vā tapena vā brahmacariyena vā devo vā bhavissāmi, devaññataro vā’’ti (ma. ni. 1.186) evarūpā pañcapi cittassa bandhabhāvakacavarabhāvasaṅkhātā cetokhilā natthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para16"></a><span class="paranum">16</span>. Imañca gāthaṃ vatvā bhagavā ānandattheraṃ pucchi – ‘‘evaṃ khuṃsetvā vambhetvā vuccamānā bhikkhū, ānanda, kiṃ <a name="P1.0192"></a> vadantī’’ti, ‘‘na kiñci bhagavā’’ti. ‘‘Na, ānanda, ‘ahaṃ sīlavā’ti sabbattha tuṇhī bhavitabbaṃ. Loke hi nābhāsamānaṃ jānanti, missaṃ bālehi paṇḍita’’nti (saṃ. ni. 2.241) vatvā ‘‘bhikkhū, ānanda, te manusse evaṃ paṭicodentū’’ti dhammadesanatthāya ‘‘abhūtavādī nirayaṃ upetī’’ti (dha. pa. 306; udā. 38; itivu. 48; su. ni. 666) imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi. Thero taṃ uggahetvā bhikkhū āha – ‘‘manussā tumhehi imāya gāthāya paṭicodetabbā’’ti. Bhikkhū tathā akaṃsu. Paṇḍitamanussā tuṇhī ahesuṃ. Rājāpi rājapurise sabbattha pesetvā yesaṃ dhuttānaṃ lañjaṃ datvā titthiyā taṃ mārāpesuṃ, te gahetvā niggayha taṃ pavattiṃ ñatvā titthiye paribhāsi. Manussāpi titthiye disvā leḍḍunā hananti, paṃsunā okiranti ‘‘bhagavato ayasaṃ uppādesu’’nti. Ānandatthero taṃ disvā bhagavato ārocesi, bhagavā therassa imaṃ gāthamabhāsi <span class="bld">‘‘sakañhi diṭṭhiṃ…pe… vadeyyā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tassa <a name="V0.0151"></a> attho – yāyaṃ diṭṭhi titthiyajanassa ‘‘sundariṃ māretvā samaṇānaṃ sakyaputtiyānaṃ avaṇṇaṃ pakāsetvā etenupāyena laddhaṃ sakkāraṃ sādiyissāmā’’ti so taṃ diṭṭhiṃ kathaṃ atikkameyya? Atha kho so ayaso tameva titthiyajanaṃ paccāgato taṃ diṭṭhiṃ accetuṃ asakkontaṃ. Yo vā sassatādivādī, sopi <span class="bld">sakaṃ diṭṭhiṃ kathamaccayeyya,</span> tena diṭṭhi<span class="bld">chandena anunīto</span> tāya ca diṭṭhi<span class="bld">ruciyā niviṭṭho,</span> api ca kho pana <span class="bld">sayaṃ samattāni pakubbamāno</span> attanāva paripuṇṇāni tāni diṭṭhigatāni karonto <span class="bld">yathā jāneyya, tatheva vadeyyā</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Avaṇṇaṃ</span> <a name="M0.0167"></a> <span class="bld">pakāsayitvā</span>ti aguṇaṃ pākaṭaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Sakkāra</span>nti catunnaṃ paccayānaṃ sakkaccakaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Sammāna</span>nti cittena bahumānanaṃ. <span class="bld">Paccāharissāmā</span>ti etaṃ lābhādiṃ nibbattessāma. <span class="bld">Evaṃdiṭṭhikā</span>ti evaṃladdhikā. Yathā taṃ ‘‘lābhādiṃ nibbattessāmā’’ti evaṃ ayaṃ laddhi tesaṃ atthi, tathā ‘‘atthi me vuttappakāro dhammo’’ti etesaṃ khamati ceva ruccati ca, evaṃsabhāvameva vā tesaṃ cittaṃ ‘‘atthi me citta’’nti. Tadā tesaṃ diṭṭhi vā, diṭṭhiyā <a name="P1.0193"></a> saha khanti vā, diṭṭhikhantīhi saddhiṃ ruci vā, diṭṭhikhantirucīhi saddhiṃ laddhi vā, diṭṭhikhantiruciladdhīhi saddhiṃ ajjhāsayo vā, diṭṭhikhantiruciladdhiajjhāsayehi saddhiṃ adhippāyo vā hotīti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃdiṭṭhikā…pe… evaṃadhippāyā’’</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Sakaṃ diṭṭhi</span>nti attano dassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Sakaṃ khanti</span>nti attano sahanaṃ. <span class="bld">Sakaṃ ruci</span>nti attano ruciṃ. <span class="bld">Sakaṃ laddhi</span>nti attano laddhiṃ. <span class="bld">Sakaṃ ajjhāsaya</span>nti attano ajjhāsayaṃ. <span class="bld">Sakaṃ adhippāya</span>nti attano bhāvaṃ. <span class="bld">Atikkamitu</span>nti samatikkamituṃ. <span class="bld">Atha kho sveva ayaso</span>ti so eva ayaso ekaṃsena. <span class="bld">Te paccāgato</span>ti tesaṃ patiāgato. <span class="bld">Te</span>ti sāmiatthe upayogavacanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Atha vā</span>ti atthantaradassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Sassato</span>ti nicco dhuvo. <span class="bld">Loko</span>ti attabhāvo. <span class="bld">Idameva saccaṃ, moghamañña</span>nti idaṃ eva tacchaṃ tathaṃ, aññaṃ tucchaṃ. <span class="bld">Samattā</span>ti sampuṇṇā. <span class="bld">Samādinnā</span>ti sammā ādinnā. <span class="bld">Gahitā</span>ti upagantvā gahitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Parāmaṭṭhā</span>ti sabbākārena parāmasitvā gahitā. <span class="bld">Abhiniviṭṭhā</span>ti visesena laddhappatiṭṭhā. <span class="bld">Asassato</span>ti vuttavipariyāyena veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Antavā</span>ti saanto. <span class="bld">Anantavā</span>ti vuddhianantavā. <span class="bld">Taṃ jīva</span>nti so jīvo, liṅgavipallāso kato. <span class="bld">Jīvo</span>ti ca attāyeva. <span class="bld">Tathāgato</span>ti satto, ‘‘araha’’nti eke. <span class="bld">Paraṃ maraṇā</span>ti maraṇato uddhaṃ, paraloketi attho. <span class="bld">Na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā</span>ti maraṇato uddhaṃ na <a name="V0.0152"></a> hoti. <span class="bld">Hoti ca na ca hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā</span>ti maraṇato uddhaṃ hoti ca na hoti ca. <span class="bld">Neva hoti na na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā</span>ti ucchedavasena neva hoti, takkikavasena na na hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sakāya</span> <a name="M0.0168"></a> <span class="bld">diṭṭhiyā</span>tiādayo karaṇavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Allīno</span>ti ekībhūto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sayaṃ samattaṃ karotī</span>ti attanā ūnabhāvaṃ mocetvā sammā attaṃ samattaṃ karoti. <span class="bld">Paripuṇṇa</span>nti atirekadosaṃ mocetvā sampuṇṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Anoma</span>nti hīnadosaṃ mocetvā alāmakaṃ. <span class="bld">Agga</span>nti ādiṃ. <span class="bld">Seṭṭha</span>nti padhānaṃ niddosaṃ. <span class="bld">Visesa</span>nti jeṭṭhakaṃ<a name="P1.0194"></a>. <span class="bld">Pāmokkha</span>nti adhikaṃ. <span class="bld">Uttama</span>nti visesaṃ na heṭṭhimaṃ. <span class="bld">Pavaraṃ karotī</span>ti atirekena uttamaṃ karoti. Atha vā ‘‘āsayadosamocanena <span class="bld">aggaṃ,</span> saṃkilesadosamocanena <span class="bld">seṭṭhaṃ,</span> upakkilesadosamocanena <span class="bld">visesaṃ,</span> pamattadosamocanena <span class="bld">pāmokkhaṃ,</span> majjhimadosamocanena <span class="bld">uttamaṃ,</span> uttamamajjhimadosamocanena <span class="bld">pavaraṃ karotī’’</span>ti evameke vaṇṇayanti. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ satthā sabbaññū</span>ti ayaṃ amhākaṃ satthā sabbajānanavasena sabbaññū. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ dhammo svākkhāto</span>ti ayaṃ amhākaṃ dhammo suṭṭhu akkhāto. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ gaṇo suppaṭipanno</span>ti ayaṃ amhākaṃ gaṇo suṭṭhu paṭipanno. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ diṭṭhi bhaddikā</span>ti ayaṃ amhākaṃ laddhi sundarā. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ paṭipadā supaññattā</span>ti ayaṃ amhākaṃ pubbabhāgā attanta pādipaṭipadā suṭṭhu paññattā. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ maggo niyyāniko</span>ti ayaṃ amhākaṃ niyyāmokkantiko maggo niyyānikoti <span class="bld">sayaṃ samattaṃ karoti</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Katheyya</span> ‘‘sassato loko’’ti. <span class="bld">Bhaṇeyya</span> ‘‘idameva saccaṃ moghamañña’’nti. <span class="bld">Dīpeyya</span> ‘‘antavā loko’’ti. <span class="bld">Vohareyya</span> nānāvidhena gaṇhāpeyya ‘‘hoti ca na ca hotī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para17"></a><span class="paranum">17</span>. Atha rājā sattāhaccayena taṃ kuṇapaṃ chaḍḍāpetvā sāyanhasamayaṃ vihāraṃ gantvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā āha – ‘‘nanu, bhante, īdise ayase uppanne mayhampi ārocetabbaṃ siyā’’ti? Evaṃ vutte bhagavā ‘‘na, mahārāja, ‘ahaṃ sīlavā guṇasampanno’ti paresaṃ ārocetuṃ ariyānaṃ paṭirūpa’’nti vatvā tassā aṭṭhuppattiyā <span class="bld">‘‘yo attano sīlavatānī</span>ti avasesagāthāyo abhāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">sīlavatānī</span>ti pātimokkhādīni sīlāni, āraññikādīni dhutaṅgavatāni ca. <span class="bld">Anānupuṭṭho</span>ti apucchito. <span class="bld">Pāvā</span>ti vadati. <span class="bld">Anariyadhammaṃ kusalā tamāhu, yo ātumānaṃ sayameva pāvā</span>ti <a name="V0.0153"></a> yo evaṃ attānaṃ <a name="M0.0169"></a> sayameva vadati, tassa taṃ vādaṃ ‘‘anariyadhammo eso’’ti kusalā evaṃ kathenti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Atthi sīlañceva vatañcā</span>ti sīlanaṭṭhena sīlañceva atthi, samādānaṭṭhena vatañca atthi, <span class="bld">vataṃ na sīla</span>nti vuttatthena vataṃ atthi, taṃ na sīlaṃ. <span class="bld">Katama</span>nti <a name="P1.0195"></a> kathetukamyatāpucchā. <span class="bld">Idha bhikkhu sīlavā</span>tiādayo vuttanayā eva. <span class="bld">Saṃvaraṭṭhenā</span>ti saṃvaraṇaṭṭhena, vītikkamadvāraṃ pidahanaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Samādānaṭṭhenā</span>ti taṃ taṃ sikkhāpadaṃ sammā ādānaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Āraññikaṅga</span>nti araññe nivāso sīlaṃ assāti āraññiko, tassa aṅgaṃ āraññikaṅgaṃ. <span class="bld">Piṇḍapātikaṅga</span>nti bhikkhāsaṅkhātānaṃ paraāmisapiṇḍānaṃ pāto piṇḍapāto, parehi dinnānaṃ piṇḍānaṃ patte nipatananti vuttaṃ hoti. Taṃ piṇḍapātaṃ uñchati taṃ taṃ kulaṃ upasaṅkamanto gavesatīti piṇḍapātiko, piṇḍāya vā patituṃ vatametassāti piṇḍapātī. <span class="bld">Patitu</span>nti carituṃ. Piṇḍapātī eva piṇḍapātiko, tassa aṅgaṃ piṇḍapātikaṅgaṃ. <span class="bld">Aṅga</span>nti kāraṇaṃ vuccati. Tasmā yena samādānena so piṇḍapātiko hoti, tassetaṃ adhivacananti veditabbaṃ. Eteneva nayena rathikāsusānasaṅkārakūṭādīnaṃ yattha katthaci paṃsūnaṃ upari ṭhitattā abbhuggataṭṭhena tesu paṃsukūlamivāti paṃsukūlaṃ. Atha vā paṃsu viya kucchitabhāvaṃ ulatīti paṃsukūlaṃ, kucchitabhāvaṃ gacchatīti vuttaṃ hoti. Evaṃ laddhanibbacanassa paṃsukūlassa dhāraṇaṃ paṃsukūlaṃ, paṃsukūlaṃ sīlamassāti paṃsukūliko, paṃsukūlikassa aṅgaṃ <span class="bld">paṃsukūlikaṅgaṃ</span>. Saṅghāṭiuttarāsaṅgaantaravāsakasaṅkhātaṃ ticīvaraṃ sīlamassāti tecīvariko, tecīvarikassa aṅgaṃ <span class="bld">tecīvarikaṅgaṃ. Sapadānacārikaṅga</span>nti <span class="bld">dānaṃ</span> vuccati avakhaṇḍanaṃ, apetaṃ dānato apadānaṃ, anavakhaṇḍananti attho. Saha apadānena sapadānaṃ, avakhaṇḍanavirahitaṃ, anugharanti vuttaṃ hoti. Sapadānaṃ carituṃ idamassa sīlanti sapadānacārī, sapadānacārīyeva sapadānacāriko, tassa aṅgaṃ sapadānacārikaṅgaṃ. <span class="bld">Khalupacchābhattikaṅga</span>nti <span class="bld">khalū</span>ti paṭisedhanatthe nipāto. Pavāritena satā pacchā laddhaṃ bhattaṃ pacchābhattaṃ nāma, tassa pacchābhattassa bhojanaṃ pacchābhattabhojanaṃ, tasmiṃ pacchābhattabhojane pacchābhattasaññaṃ katvā pacchābhattaṃ sīlamassāti pacchābhattiko, na pacchābhattiko <a name="P1.0196"></a> khalupacchābhattiko, samādānavasena paṭikkhittātirittabhojanassetaṃ nāmaṃ, tassa aṅgaṃ khalupacchābhattikaṅgaṃ<a name="M0.0170"></a>. <span class="bld">Nesajjikaṅga</span>nti sayanaṃ paṭikkhipitvā nisajjāya viharituṃ sīlamassāti nesajjiko, tassa aṅgaṃ nesajjikaṅgaṃ. <span class="bld">Yathāsanthatikaṅga</span>nti yadeva santhataṃ yathāsanthataṃ, ‘‘idaṃ tuyhaṃ pāpuṇātī’’ti evaṃ paṭhamaṃ uddiṭṭhasenāsanassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Tasmiṃ yathāsanthate viharituṃ sīlamassāti yathāsanthatiko, tassa aṅgaṃ yathāsanthatikaṅgaṃ. Sabbāneva panetāni tena tena samādānena dhutakilesattā dhutassa bhikkhuno aṅgāni, kilesadhunanato vā dhutanti laddhavohāraṃ ñāṇaṃ aṅgaṃ etesanti <span class="bld">dhutaṅgāni</span>. Atha <a name="V0.0154"></a> vā dhutāni ca tāni paṭipakkhānaṃ dhunanato aṅgāni ca paṭipattiyātipi <span class="bld">dhutaṅgāni</span>. Evaṃ tāvettha atthato viññātabbo vinicchayo. Sabbāneva cetāni samādānacetanālakkhaṇāni. Vuttampi cetaṃ –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Yo samādiyati, so puggalo. Yena samādiyati, cittacetasikā ete dhammā. Yā samādānacetanā, taṃ dhutaṅgaṃ. Yaṃ paṭikkhipati, taṃ vatthu’’nti (visuddhi. 1.23).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sabbāneva ca loluppaviddhaṃsanarasāni, nilloluppabhāvapaccupaṭṭhānāni, appicchatādiariyadhammapadaṭṭhānāni. Evamettha lakkhaṇādīhi vinicchayo veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vīriyasamādānampī</span>ti vīriyaggahaṇampi. <span class="bld">Kāma</span>nti ekaṃsatthe nipāto. <span class="bld">Taco ca nhāru cā</span>ti chavi ca nhāruvalliyo ca. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhi cā</span>ti sabbā aṭṭhiyo ca. <span class="bld">Avasissatū</span>ti tiṭṭhatu. <span class="bld">Upasussatu maṃsalohita</span>nti sabbaṃ maṃsañca lohitañca sukkhatu. ‘‘Taco’’ti ekaṃ aṅgaṃ, ‘‘nhārū’’ti ekaṃ, ‘‘aṭṭhī’’ti ekaṃ, ‘‘upasussatu maṃsalohita’’nti ekaṃ aṅgaṃ. <span class="bld">Yaṃ ta</span>nti upari vattabbapadena sambandho. <span class="bld">Purisathāmenā</span>ti purisassa kāyikena balena, <span class="bld">balenā</span>ti ñāṇabalena. <span class="bld">Vīriyenā</span>ti cetasikañāṇavīriyatejena. <span class="bld">Parakkamenā</span>ti paraṃ paraṃ ṭhānaṃ akkamanena ussāhappattavīriyena. <span class="bld">Pattabba</span>nti <a name="P1.0197"></a> yaṃ taṃ pāpuṇitabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Na taṃ apāpuṇitvā</span>ti taṃ pattabbaṃ appatvā. <span class="bld">Vīriyassa saṇṭhānaṃ bhavissatī</span>ti vuttappakārassa vīriyassa sithilattaṃ osīdanaṃ na bhavissati. ‘‘Paṭṭhāna’’ntipi pāṭho, ayamevattho. <span class="bld">Cittaṃ paggaṇhātī</span>ti cittaṃ ussāhaṃ gaṇhāpeti. <span class="bld">Padahatī</span>ti patiṭṭhāpeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nāsissa</span>nti <a name="M0.0171"></a> na khādissāmi na bhuñjissāmi. <span class="bld">Na pivissāmī</span>ti yāgupānādīni na pivissāmi. <span class="bld">Vihārato na nikkhame</span>ti senāsanato bahi na nikkhameyyaṃ. <span class="bld">Napi passaṃ nipātessa</span>nti passaṃ mañce vā pīṭhe vā bhūmiyaṃ vā kaṭasantharake vā pātanaṃ ṭhapanaṃ na karissāmi. <span class="bld">Taṇhāsalle anūhate</span>ti taṇhāsaṅkhāte kaṇḍe anuddhaṭe, avigateti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Imaṃ pallaṅka</span>nti samantato ābhujitaṃ ūrubaddhāsanaṃ. <span class="bld">Na bhindissāmī</span>ti na vijahissāmi. <span class="bld">Yāva me na anupādāyā</span>ti catūhi upādānehi gahaṇaṃ aggahetvā. <span class="bld">Āsavehī</span>ti kāmāsavādīhi catūhi āsavehi. <span class="bld">Vimuccissatī</span>ti samucchedavimuttiyā na muccissati. <span class="bld">Na tāvāhaṃ imamhā āsanā vuṭṭhahissāmī</span>ti ādiṃ katvā yāva <span class="bld">rukkhamūlā nikkhamissāmī</span>ti okāsavasena <a name="V0.0155"></a> vuttā. <span class="bld">Imasmiññeva pubbaṇhasamayaṃ ariyadhammaṃ āharissāmī</span>ti ādiṃ katvā yāva <span class="bld">gimhe</span>ti kālavasena vuttā. <span class="bld">Purime vayokhandhe</span>tiādayo vayavasena vuttā. Tattha <span class="bld">āsanā na vuṭṭhahissāmī</span>ti nisinnāsanā na uṭṭhahissāmi. <span class="bld">Aḍḍhayogā</span>ti nikuṇḍagehā. <span class="bld">Pāsādā</span>ti dīghapāsādā. <span class="bld">Hammiyā</span>ti muṇḍacchadanagehā. <span class="bld">Guhāyā</span>ti paṃsuguhāya. <span class="bld">Leṇā</span>ti mariyādachinnacchiddā pabbataleṇā. <span class="bld">Kuṭiyā</span>ti ullittādikuṭiyā. <span class="bld">Kūṭāgārā</span>ti kaṇṇikaṃ āropetvā katagehato. <span class="bld">Aṭṭā</span>ti dvāraṭṭālakā. <span class="bld">Māḷā</span>ti vaṭṭagehā. Uddaṇḍo nāma eko patissayaviseso. ‘‘Tichadanageho’’tipi eke. <span class="bld">Upaṭṭhānasālā</span>ti sannipātasālā bhojanasālā vā. <span class="bld">Maṇḍapā</span>dayo pākaṭāyeva. <span class="bld">Ariyadhamma</span>nti <a name="P1.0198"></a> anavajjadhammaṃ, ariyānaṃ vā buddhapaccekabuddhabuddhasāvakānaṃ dhammaṃ. <span class="bld">Āharissāmī</span>ti mama cittasamīpaṃ ānayissāmi sīlena. <span class="bld">Samāharissāmī</span>ti visesena ānayissāmi samādhinā. <span class="bld">Adhigacchissāmī</span>ti paṭilābhavasena gamissāmi tadaṅgena. <span class="bld">Phassayissāmī</span>ti phusissāmi maggena. <span class="bld">Sacchikarissāmī</span>ti paccakkhaṃ karissāmi phalena. Atha vā sotāpattimaggena <span class="bld">āharissāmi</span>. Sakadāgāmimaggena <span class="bld">samāharissāmi,</span> anāgāmimaggena <span class="bld">adhigacchissāmi,</span> arahattamaggena <span class="bld">phassayissāmi,</span> paccavekkhaṇena <span class="bld">sacchikarissāmi</span>. Dvīsupi nayesu phassayissāmīti nāmakāyena nibbānaṃ phusissāmīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Apuṭṭho</span>ti mūlapadaṃ, tassa apucchitoti attho. <span class="bld">Apucchito</span>ti ajānāpito. <span class="bld">Ayācito</span>ti anāyācito. <span class="bld">Anajjhesito</span>ti anāṇāpito<a name="M0.0172"></a>, ‘‘na icchito’’ti eke. <span class="bld">Apasādito</span>ti na pasādāpito. <span class="bld">Pāvadatī</span>ti kathayati. <span class="bld">Ahamasmī</span>ti ahaṃ asmi bhavāmi. <span class="bld">Jātiyā vā</span>ti khattiyabrāhmaṇajātiyā vā. <span class="bld">Gottena vā</span>ti gotamādigottena vā. <span class="bld">Kolaputtiyena vā</span>ti kulaputtabhāvena vā. <span class="bld">Vaṇṇapokkharatāya vā</span>ti sarīrasundaratāya vā. <span class="bld">Dhanena vā</span>ti dhanasampattiyā vā. <span class="bld">Ajjhenena vā</span>ti ajjhāyakaraṇena vā. <span class="bld">Kammāyatanena vā</span>ti kammameva kammāyatanaṃ, tena kammāyatanena, kasigorakkhakammādinā vā. <span class="bld">Sippāyatanena vā</span>ti dhanusippādinā vā. <span class="bld">Vijjāṭṭhānena vā</span>ti aṭṭhārasavijjāṭṭhānena vā. <span class="bld">Sutena vā</span>ti bahussutaguṇena vā. <span class="bld">Paṭibhānena vā</span>ti kāraṇākāraṇapaṭibhānasaṅkhātañāṇena vā. <span class="bld">Aññataraññatarena vā vatthunā</span>ti jātiādīnaṃ ekekena vatthunā vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uccā kulā</span>ti khattiyabrāhmaṇakulā, etena jātigottamahattaṃ dīpeti. <span class="bld">Mahābhogakulā</span>ti gahapatimahāsālakulā, etena aḍḍhamahattaṃ dīpeti. <span class="bld">Uḷārabhogakulā</span>ti avasesavessādikulā, etena pahūtajātarūparajatādiṃ dīpeti. Caṇḍālāpi hi uḷārabhogā honti. <span class="bld">Ñāto</span>ti pākaṭo. <span class="bld">Yassassī</span>ti parivārasampanno. <span class="bld">Suttantiko</span>ti <a name="P1.0199"></a> suttante niyutto. <span class="bld">Vinayadharo</span>ti vinayapiṭakadharo. <span class="bld">Dhammakathiko</span>ti <a name="V0.0156"></a> ābhidhammiko. <span class="bld">Āraññiko</span>tiādayo dhutaṅgapubbaṅgamapaṭipattidassanatthaṃ vuttā. <span class="bld">Paṭhamassa jhānassa lābhī</span>tiādayo rūpārūpaaṭṭhasamāpattiyo dassetvā paṭivedhadassanavasena vuttā. <span class="bld">Pāvadatī</span>ti mūlapadaṃ. <span class="bld">Kathetī</span>ti ‘‘piṭakācariyosmī’’ti kathayati. <span class="bld">Bhaṇatī</span>ti ‘‘dhutaṅgikomhī’’ti pākaṭaṃ karoti. <span class="bld">Dīpayatī</span>ti ‘‘rūpajjhānaṃ lābhīmhī’’ti paridīpayati. <span class="bld">Voharatī</span>ti ‘‘arūpajjhānaṃ lābhīmhī’’ti vākyabhedaṃ karoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Khandhakusalā</span>ti pañcasu khandhesu salakkhaṇasāmaññalakkhaṇesu chekā, ñātatīraṇapahānavasena kusalāti attho. <span class="bld">Dhātuāyatanapaṭiccasamuppādā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Nibbānakusalā</span>ti nibbāne chekā. <span class="bld">Anariyāna</span>nti na ariyānaṃ. <span class="bld">Eso dhammo</span>ti eso sabhāvo. <span class="bld">Bālāna</span>nti apaṇḍitānaṃ. <span class="bld">Asappurisāna</span>nti na sobhanapurisānaṃ. <span class="bld">Attā</span>ti attānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para18"></a><span class="paranum">18</span>. <span class="bld">Santo</span>ti rāgādikilesūpasamena santo. Tathā <span class="bld">abhinibbutatto. Iti’hanti sīlesu akatthamāno</span>ti ‘‘ahamasmi sīlasampanno’’tiādinā <a name="M0.0173"></a> nayena iti sīlesu akatthamāno, sīlanimittaṃ attupanāyikaṃ vācaṃ abhāsamānoti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Tamariyadhammaṃ kusalā vadantī</span>ti tassa taṃ akatthanaṃ ‘‘ariyadhammo eso’’ti buddhādayo khandhādikusalā vadanti. <span class="bld">Yassussadā natthi kuhiñci loke</span>ti yassa khīṇāsavassa rāgādayo sattussadā kuhiñci loke natthi. Tassa taṃ akatthanaṃ ‘‘ariyadhammo eso’’ti evaṃ kusalā vadantīti sambandho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Santo</span>ti mūlapadaṃ. <span class="bld">Rāgassa samitattā</span>ti rañjanalakkhaṇassa rāgassa samitabhāvena. <span class="bld">Dosā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Vijjhātattā</span>ti sabbapariḷāhānaṃ jhāpitattā. <span class="bld">Nibbutattā</span>ti sabbasantāpānaṃ nibbāpitabhāvena. <span class="bld">Vigatattā</span>ti sabbākusalābhisaṅkhārānaṃ vigatabhāvena dūrabhāvena. <span class="bld">Paṭipassaddhattā</span>ti sabbākārena abhabbuppattikabhāvena. <span class="bld">Sattannaṃ</span> <a name="P1.0200"></a> <span class="bld">dhammānaṃ bhinnattā bhikkhū</span>ti upari vattabbānaṃ sattadhammānaṃ bhinditvā ṭhitabhāvena bhikkhu. Sakkāyadiṭṭhivicikicchāsīlabbataparāmāsoti ime tayo kilesā sotāpattimaggena bhinnā, rāgo dosoti ime dve kilesā oḷārikā sakadāgāmimaggena bhinnā, te eva aṇusahagatā anāgāmimaggena bhinnā, moho mānoti ime dve kilesā arahattamaggena bhinnā. Avasese kilese dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘bhinnāssa honti pāpakā akusalā dhammā’’</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Saṃkilesikā</span>ti kilesapaccayā. <span class="bld">Ponobhavikā</span>ti punabbhavadāyikā. <span class="bld">Sadarā</span>ti kilesadarathā ettha santīti sadarā. ‘‘Saddarā’’tipi pāṭho, sahadarathāti attho. <span class="bld">Dukkhavipākā</span>ti phalakāle dukkhadāyikā. <span class="bld">Āyatiṃ jātijarāmaraṇiyā</span>ti anāgate jātijarāmaraṇassa paccayā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pajjena</span> <a name="V0.0157"></a> <span class="bld">katena attanā</span>ti gāthāya ayaṃ piṇḍattho – yo attanā bhāvitena maggena parinibbānaṃ gato, kilesaparinibbānaṃ patto, parinibbānagatattā eva ca <span class="bld">vitiṇṇakaṅkho,</span> vipattisampattihānivuddhiucchedasassataapuññapuññappabhedaṃ <span class="bld">bhavañca vibhavañca vippahāya</span> maggavāsaṃ <span class="bld">vusitavā</span> khīṇapunabbhavoti etesaṃ thutivacanānaṃ araho <span class="bld">so bhikkhū</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Itihanti</span><a name="M0.0174"></a>, <span class="bld">idahantī</span>ti duvidho pāṭho. <span class="bld">Itīti padasandhi</span>ādayo sandhāya ‘‘idaha’’nti pāṭhaṃ na rocenti. Tattha <span class="bld">itī</span>ti yaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Padasandhī</span>ti padānaṃ sandhi padasandhi, padaghaṭananti attho. <span class="bld">Padasaṃsaggo</span>ti padānaṃ ekībhāvo. <span class="bld">Padapāripūrī</span>ti padānaṃ paripūraṇaṃ dvinnaṃ padānaṃ ekībhāvo. <span class="bld">Akkharasamavāyo</span>ti ekībhūtopi aparipuṇṇopi hoti, ayaṃ na evaṃ. Akkharānaṃ samavāyo sannipāto hotīti dassanatthaṃ ‘‘akkharasamavāyo’’ti āha. <span class="bld">Byañjanasiliṭṭhatā</span>ti byañjanasamuccayo padamīti vuttānaṃ byañjanānaṃ atthabyañjanānaṃ atthabyattikāraṇānaṃ vā madhurabhāvattā pāṭhassa mudubhāvo. <span class="bld">Padānupubbatā</span> <a name="P1.0201"></a> <span class="bld">meta</span>nti padānaṃ anupubbabhāvo padānupubbatā, padapaṭipāṭibhāvoti attho. <span class="bld">Meta</span>nti etaṃ. Katamanti ce? <span class="bld">Itī</span>ti idaṃ. <span class="bld">Meta</span>nti ettha ma-kāro padasandhivasena vutto. <span class="bld">Katthī hotī</span>ti ‘‘ahamasmi sīlasampanno’’ti attānaṃ ukkaṃsetvā kathanasīlo hoti. <span class="bld">Katthatī</span>ti vuttanayena kathayati. <span class="bld">Vikatthatī</span>ti vividhā kathayati. <span class="bld">Katthanā</span>ti kathanā. <span class="bld">Ārato</span>ti dūrato rato. <span class="bld">Virato</span>ti ṭhānasaṅkantivasena vigatabhāvena rato. <span class="bld">Paṭivirato</span>ti tato nivattitvā sabbākārena viyutto hutvā rato. Tattha pisācaṃ viya disvā palāto ārato. Hatthimhi maddante viya paridhāvitvā gato virato. Yodhasampahāraṃ viya pothetvā maddetvā gato paṭivirato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Khīṇāsavassā</span>ti khīṇakilesāsavassa. <span class="bld">Kammussado</span>ti puññābhisaṅkhāraapuññābhisaṅkhāraāneñjābhisaṅkhārasaṅkhātānaṃ kammānaṃ ussado ussannatā. <span class="bld">Yassime</span>ti yassa khīṇāsavassa ime ussadā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para19"></a><span class="paranum">19</span>. Evaṃ khīṇāsavapaṭipattiṃ dassetvā idāni diṭṭhigatikānaṃ titthiyānaṃ paṭipattiñca dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘pakappitā saṅkhatā’’</span>ti. Tattha <span class="bld">pakappitā</span>ti parikappitā. <span class="bld">Saṅkhatā</span>ti paccayābhisaṅkhatā. <span class="bld">Yassā</span>ti yassa kassaci diṭṭhigatikassa. <span class="bld">Dhammā</span>ti diṭṭhiyo. <span class="bld">Purakkhatā</span>ti purato katā. <span class="bld">Santī</span>ti saṃvijjanti. <span class="bld">Avīvadātā</span>ti avodātā. <span class="bld">Yadattani passati ānisaṃsaṃ, taṃ nissito kuppapaṭiccasanti</span>nti yassete diṭṭhidhammā ‘purakkhatā avodātā santi, so evaṃvidho yasmā attani tassā diṭṭhiyā diṭṭhadhammikañca sakkārādiṃ, samparāyikañca gativisesādiṃ <a name="V0.0158"></a> ānisaṃsaṃ sampassati, tasmā tañca ānisaṃsaṃ, tañca kuppatāya ca paṭiccasamuppannatāya ca sammutisantitāya ca kuppapaṭiccasantisaṅkhātaṃ <a name="M0.0175"></a> diṭṭhiṃ nissito ca hoti. So taṃ nissitattā attānaṃ vā ukkaṃseyya, pare vā vambheyya abhūtehipi guṇadosehi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saṅkhatā</span>ti mūlapadaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṅkhatā</span>ti paccayehi samāgantvā katā. Upasaggavasena padaṃ vaḍḍhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Abhisaṅkhatā</span>ti <a name="P1.0202"></a> paccayehi abhikatā. <span class="bld">Saṇṭhapitā</span>ti paccayavaseneva sammā ṭhapitā. <span class="bld">Aniccā</span>ti hutvā abhāvena. <span class="bld">Paṭiccasamuppannā</span>ti vatthārammaṇaṃ paṭicca uppannā. <span class="bld">Khayadhammā</span>ti kamena khayasabhāvā. <span class="bld">Vayadhammā</span>ti pavattivasena parihāyanasabhāvā. <span class="bld">Virāgadhammā</span>ti anivattī hutvā vigacchanasabhāvā. <span class="bld">Nirodhadhammā</span>ti nirujjhanasabhāvā, anuppattidhammā hutvā nirujjhanasabhāvāti attho. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhigatikassā</span>ti dvāsaṭṭhidiṭṭhiyo gahetvā ṭhitapuggalassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Purekkhārā</span>ti pure katā. <span class="bld">Taṇhādhajo</span>ti ussāpitaṭṭhena taṇhādhajo, taṇhāpaṭākā assa atthīti taṇhādhajo. Purecārikaṭṭhena taṇhā eva ketu assāti <span class="bld">taṇhāketu. Taṇhādhipateyyo</span>ti chandādhipativasena, taṇhā adhipatito āgatāti vā taṇhādhipateyyo, taṇhādhipati vā etassa atthīti taṇhādhipateyyo. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhidhajā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Avodātā</span>ti aparisuddhā. <span class="bld">Saṃkiliṭṭhā</span>ti sayaṃ kiliṭṭhā. <span class="bld">Saṃkilesikā</span>ti tapanīyā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dve ānisaṃse passatī</span>ti dve guṇe dakkhati. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhadhammikañca ānisaṃsa</span>nti imasmiṃyeva attabhāve paccakkhadhammānisaṃsañca. <span class="bld">Samparāyika</span>nti paraloke pattabbaṃ ānisaṃsañca. <span class="bld">Yaṃdiṭṭhiko satthā hotī</span>ti satthā yathāladdhiko bhavati. <span class="bld">Taṃdiṭṭhikā sāvakā hontī</span>ti tassa vacanaṃ suṇantā sāvakāpi tathāladdhikā honti. <span class="bld">Sakkarontī</span>ti sakkārappattaṃ karonti. <span class="bld">Garuṃ karontī</span>ti garukārappattaṃ karonti. <span class="bld">Mānentī</span>ti manasā piyāyanti. <span class="bld">Pūjentī</span>ti catupaccayābhihārapūjāya pūjenti. <span class="bld">Apacitiṃ karontī</span>ti apacitippattaṃ karonti. Tattha yassa cattāro paccaye sakkaritvā suabhisaṅkhate paṇīte katvā denti, so sakkato. Yasmiṃ garubhāvaṃ paṭṭhapetvā denti, so garukato. Yaṃ manasā piyāyanti, so mānito. Yassa sabbampetaṃ karonti, so pūjito. Yassa abhivādanapaccupaṭṭhānaañjalikammādivasena <a name="P1.0203"></a> paramanipaccakāraṃ karonti, so apacito. Keci <a name="M0.0176"></a> <span class="bld">‘‘sakkaronti</span> kāyena, <span class="bld">garuṃ karonti</span> vācāya, <span class="bld">mānenti</span> cittena, <span class="bld">pūjenti</span> lābhenā’’ti vaṇṇayanti. <span class="bld">Alaṃ nāgattāya vā</span>ti nāgabhāvāya nāgarājabhāvāya vā alaṃ pariyattaṃ. <span class="bld">Supaṇṇattāya vā</span>ti supaṇṇarājabhāvāya. <span class="bld">Yakkhattāya vā</span>ti yakkhasenāpatibhāvāya. <span class="bld">Asurattāya</span> <a name="V0.0159"></a> <span class="bld">vā</span>ti asurabhāvāya. <span class="bld">Gandhabbattāya vā</span>ti gandhabbadevaghaṭe nibbattabhāvāya. <span class="bld">Mahārājattāya vā</span>ti catunnaṃ mahārājānaṃ aññatarabhāvāya. <span class="bld">Indattāya vā</span>ti sakkabhāvāya. <span class="bld">Brahmattāya vā</span>ti brahmakāyikādīnaṃ aññatarabhāvāya. <span class="bld">Devattāya vā</span>ti sammutidevādīnaṃ aññatarabhāvāya. <span class="bld">Suddhiyā</span>ti parisuddhabhāvāya alaṃ pariyattaṃ. <span class="bld">Visuddhiyā</span>ti sabbamalarahitaaccantaparisuddhabhāvāya. <span class="bld">Parisuddhiyā</span>ti sabbākārena parisuddhabhāvāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha tiracchānayoniyaṃ adhipaccattaṃ suddhiyā. Devaloke adhipaccattaṃ visuddhiyā. Brahmaloke adhipaccattaṃ parisuddhiyā. Caturāsītikappasahassāni atikkamitvā muccanatthaṃ <span class="bld">muttiyā</span>. Antarāyābhāvena muccanatthaṃ <span class="bld">vimuttiyā</span>. Sabbākārena muttiyā <span class="bld">parimuttiyā. Sujjhantī</span>ti tasmiṃ samaye pabbajitabhāvena suddhiṃ pāpuṇanti. <span class="bld">Visujjhantī</span>ti pabbajjaṃ gahetvā paṭipattiyā yuttabhāvena vividhena sujjhanti. <span class="bld">Parisujjhantī</span>ti nipphattiṃ pāpetvā sabbākārena sujjhanti. <span class="bld">Muccanti</span> tesaṃ samayantaradhammena. <span class="bld">Vimuccanti</span> etassa satthuno ovādena. <span class="bld">Parimuccanti</span> etassa satthuno anusāsanena. <span class="bld">Sujjhissāmī</span>tiādayo anāgatavasena vuttā. <span class="bld">Āyatiṃ phalapāṭikaṅkhī</span>ti anāgate vipākaphalamākaṅkhamāno. Idaṃ diṭṭhigatikānaṃ icchāmattaṃ. Diṭṭhigatañhi ijjhamānaṃ nirayaṃ vā tiracchānayoniṃ vā nipphādeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Accantasantī</span>ti atiantanissaraṇasanti. <span class="bld">Tadaṅgasantī</span>ti paṭhamajjhānādiguṇaṅgena nīvaraṇādiaguṇaṅgaṃ sametīti jhānaṃ tadaṅgasanti. <span class="bld">Sammutisantī</span>ti samāhāravasena diṭṭhisanti. Tā vibhāgato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘katamā accantasantī’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Amataṃ</span> <a name="P1.0204"></a> <span class="bld">nibbāna</span>nti evamādayo heṭṭhā vuttatthāyeva. <span class="bld">Paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ samāpannassa nīvaraṇā santā hontī</span>ti evamādayo anto appanāyaṃ atisayavasena vuttā. Api ca sammutisanti imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā, santīti itare dve santiyo paṭikkhipitvā sammutisantimeva dīpeti. <span class="bld">Kuppasanti</span>nti vipākajanakavasena parivattanavasena calasantiṃ<a name="M0.0177"></a>. <span class="bld">Pakuppasanti</span>nti visesena calasantiṃ. <span class="bld">Eritasanti</span>nti kampanasantiṃ. <span class="bld">Sameritasanti</span>nti visesena kampitasantiṃ. <span class="bld">Calitasanti</span>nti tasseva vevacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ghaṭṭitasanti</span>nti pīḷitasantiṃ. <span class="bld">Santiṃ nissito</span>ti diṭṭhisaṅkhātaṃ santiṃ nissito. <span class="bld">Assito</span>ti āsito visesena nissito. <span class="bld">Allīno</span>ti ekībhūto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para20"></a><span class="paranum">20</span>. Evaṃ nissite tāva <span class="bld">‘‘diṭṭhīnivesā…pe… ādiyatī ca dhamma’’</span>nti tattha <span class="bld">diṭṭhīnivesā</span>ti idaṃsaccābhinivesasaṅkhātāni diṭṭhinivesanāni. <span class="bld">Na hi svātivattā</span>ti sukhena ativattitabbā na honti. <span class="bld">Dhammesu niccheyya samuggahīta</span>nti dvāsaṭṭhidiṭṭhigatesu taṃ taṃ samuggahitaṃ <a name="V0.0160"></a> abhiniviṭṭhadhammaṃ nicchinitvā pavattā diṭṭhinivesā na hi svātivattāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Tasmā naro tesu nivesanesu, nirassatī ādiyatī ca dhamma</span>nti yasmā na hi svātivattā, tasmā naro tesuyeva diṭṭhinivesanesu ajasīlagosīlakukkurasīlapañcātapamaruppapātaukkuṭikappadhānakaṇṭakāpassayādibhedaṃ satthāraṃ dhammakkhānaṃ gaṇādibhedañca taṃ taṃ dhammaṃ nirassati ca ādiyati ca jahati ca gaṇhāti ca vanamakkaṭo viya taṃ taṃ sākhanti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ nirassanto ca ādiyanto ca anavaṭṭhitacittattā asantehipi <a name="P1.0205"></a> guṇadosehi attano vā parassa vā yasāyasaṃ uppādeyya. <span class="bld">Durativattā</span>ti atikkamituṃ dukkhā. <span class="bld">Duttarā</span>ti duuttarā. <span class="bld">Duppatarā dussamatikkamā dubbinivattā</span>ti upasaggena vaḍḍhitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nicchinitvā</span>ti sassatavasena nicchayaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Vinicchinitvā</span>ti attavasena nānāvidhena vinicchayaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Vicinitvā</span>ti pariyesitvā. <span class="bld">Pavicinitvā</span>ti attaniyavasena sabbākārena pariyesitvā. ‘‘Nicinitvā viccinitvā’’tipi pāṭho. <span class="bld">Odhiggāho</span>ti avadhiyitvā gāho. <span class="bld">Bilaggāho</span>ti koṭṭhāsavasena gāho ‘‘bilaso vibhajitvā’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 2.378; ma. ni. 1.111) viya. <span class="bld">Varaggāho</span>ti uttamagāho. <span class="bld">Koṭṭhāsaggāho</span>ti avayavavasena gāho. <span class="bld">Uccayaggāho</span>ti rāsivasena gāho. <span class="bld">Samuccayaggāho</span>ti koṭṭhāsavasena rāsivasena ca gāho. <span class="bld">Idaṃ sacca</span>nti idameva sabhāvaṃ. <span class="bld">Taccha</span>nti tathabhāvaṃ aviparītasabhāvaṃ. <span class="bld">Tatha</span>nti vipariṇāmarahitaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhūta</span>nti vijjamānaṃ. <span class="bld">Yāthāva</span>nti yathāsabhāvaṃ. <span class="bld">Aviparīta</span>nti na viparītaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nirassatī</span>ti <a name="M0.0178"></a> niassati vikkhipati. <span class="bld">Paravicchindanāya vā</span>ti parehi vissajjāpanena. <span class="bld">Anabhisambhuṇanto vā</span>ti asampāpuṇanto vā asakkonto vā vissajjeti. <span class="bld">Paro vicchindetī</span>ti añño viyogaṃ karoti. <span class="bld">Natthetthā</span>ti natthi ettha. <span class="bld">Sīlaṃ anabhisambhuṇanto</span>ti sīlaṃ asampādento. <span class="bld">Sīlaṃ nirassatī</span>ti sīlaṃ vissajjeti. Ito paresupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para21"></a><span class="paranum">21</span>. Yo panāyaṃ sabbadiṭṭhigatādidosadhunanāya paññāya samannāgatattā dhono, tassa <span class="bld">dhonassa hi…pe… anūpayo so</span>. Kiṃ vuttaṃ hoti? Dhonadhammasamannāgamā <span class="bld">dhonassa</span> dhutasabbapāpassa arahato katthaci <span class="bld">loke</span> tesu tesu <span class="bld">bhavesu</span> <a name="P1.0206"></a> saṃkappanā <span class="bld">diṭṭhi natthi</span>. So tassā diṭṭhiyā abhāvā, yāya ca attanā kataṃ pāpakammaṃ paṭicchādentā titthiyā māyāya vā mānena vā evaṃ agatiṃ gacchanti, tampi <span class="bld">māyañca mānañca pahāya dhono</span> rāgādīnaṃ dosānaṃ <span class="bld">kena</span> <a name="V0.0161"></a> <span class="bld">gaccheyya,</span> diṭṭhadhamme samparāye vā nirayādīsu gativisesesu kena saṅkhaṃ gaccheyya, <span class="bld">anūpayo so,</span> so hi taṇhādiṭṭhiupayānaṃ dvinnaṃ abhāvena anūpayoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kiṃ kāraṇā</span>ti kena kāraṇena. <span class="bld">Dhonā vuccati paññā</span>ti dhonā iti kiṃkāraṇā paññā kathīyati. <span class="bld">Tāya paññāya kāyaduccarita</span>nti tāya vuttappakārāya paññāya kāyato pavattaṃ duṭṭhu kilesapūtikattā vā caritanti kāyaduccaritaṃ. <span class="bld">Dhūtañca dhotañcā</span>ti kampitañca dhovitañca. <span class="bld">Sandhotañcā</span>ti sammā dhovitañca. <span class="bld">Niddhotañcā</span>ti visesena suṭṭhu niddhotañca. <span class="bld">Rāgo dhuto cā</span>tiādayo catunnaṃ maggānaṃ vasena yojetabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sammādiṭṭhiyā micchādiṭṭhi dhutā cā</span>ti maggasampayuttāya sammādiṭṭhiyā micchādiṭṭhi kampitā calitā dhovitā. <span class="bld">Sammāsaṅkappā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘sammādiṭṭhikassa, bhikkhave, micchādiṭṭhi nijjiṇṇā hotī’’ti suttaṃ (a. ni. 10.106; dī. ni. 3.360) vitthāretabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Sammāñāṇenā</span>ti maggasampayuttañāṇena, paccavekkhaṇañāṇena vā. <span class="bld">Micchāñāṇa</span>nti viparītañāṇaṃ ayāthāvañāṇaṃ, pāpakiriyāsu upacintāvasena pāpaṃ katvā ‘‘sukataṃ mayā’’ti paccavekkhaṇākārena ca <a name="M0.0179"></a> uppanno moho. <span class="bld">Sammāvimuttiyā micchāvimuttī</span>ti samucchedavimuttiyā viparītā ayāthāvavimuttiyeva cetovimuttisaññitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Arahā imehi dhoneyyehi dhammehī</span>ti rāgādīhi kilesehi dūre ṭhito arahā imehi vuttappakārehi kilesadhovanehi dhammehi upeto hoti. <span class="bld">Dhono</span>ti dhono puggalo, teneva <span class="bld">‘‘so dhutarāgo’’</span>tiādayo āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Māyā vuccati vañcanikācariyā</span>ti vañcanakiriyaṃ vañcanakaraṇaṃ assā atthīti vañcanikācariyā. <span class="bld">Tassa paṭicchādanahetū</span>ti <a name="P1.0207"></a> tesaṃ duccaritānaṃ appakāsanakāraṇā. <span class="bld">Pāpikaṃ icchaṃ paṇidahatī</span>ti lāmakaṃ patthanaṃ patiṭṭhāpeti. <span class="bld">‘‘Mā maṃ jaññā’’ti icchatī</span>ti ‘‘mayhaṃ kataṃ pāpaṃ pare mā jāniṃsū’’ti paccāsīsati. <span class="bld">Saṅkappetī</span>ti vitakkaṃ uppādeti. <span class="bld">Vācaṃ bhāsatī</span>ti jānaṃyeva paṇṇattiṃ vītikkamanto bhikkhu bhāriyaṃ karoti. ‘‘Amhākaṃ vītikkamaṭṭhānaṃ nāma natthī’’ti upasanto viya bhāsati. <span class="bld">Kāyena parakkamatī</span>ti ‘‘mayā kataṃ idaṃ pāpakammaṃ mā keci jāniṃsū’’ti kāyena vattaṃ karoti. Vijjamānadosapaṭicchādanato cakkhumohanamāyā assāti māyāvī, māyāvino bhāvo <span class="bld">māyāvitā</span>. Katvā pāpaṃ puna paṭicchādanato aticca assarati etāya sattoti <span class="bld">accasarā</span>. Kāyavācākiriyāhi aññathā dassanato vañcetīti <span class="bld">vañcanā</span><a name="V0.0162"></a>. Etāya sattā nikarontīti <span class="bld">nikati,</span> micchā karontīti attho. ‘‘Nāhaṃ evaṃ karomī’’ti pāpānaṃ vikkhipanato<span class="bld"> nikiraṇā.</span> ‘‘Nāhaṃ evaṃ karomī’’ti parivajjanato <span class="bld">pariharaṇā</span>. Kāyādīhi saṃharaṇato <span class="bld">gūhanā</span>. Samabhāgena gūhanā <span class="bld">parigūhanā</span>. Tiṇapaṇṇehi viya gūthaṃ kāyavacīkammehi pāpaṃ chādetīti <span class="bld">chādanā</span>. Sabbato bhāgena chādanā <span class="bld">paricchādanā</span>. Na uttāniṃ katvā dassetīti <span class="bld">anuttānikammaṃ</span>. Na pākaṭaṃ katvā dassetīti <span class="bld">anāvikammaṃ</span>. Suṭṭhu chādanā <span class="bld">vocchādanā</span>. Katapaṭicchādanavasena punapi pāpassa karaṇato <span class="bld">pāpakiriyā. Ayaṃ vuccatī</span>ti ayaṃ katapaṭicchādanalakkhaṇā māyā nāma vuccati, yāya samannāgato puggalo bhasmapaṭicchanno viya aṅgāro, udakapaṭicchanno viya khāṇu, pilotikapaliveṭhitaṃ viya ca satthaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekavidhena</span> <a name="M0.0180"></a> <span class="bld">māno</span>ti ekaparicchedena ekakoṭṭhāsena māno. <span class="bld">Yā cittassa unnatī</span>ti yā cittassa abbhussāpanā, ayaṃ mānoti attho. Ettha puggalaṃ anāmasitvā nibbattitamānova vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Attukkaṃsanamāno</span>ti attānaṃ upari ṭhapanamāno. <span class="bld">Paravambhanamāno</span>ti pare lāmakakaraṇamāno. Ime dve mānā yebhuyyena tathā pavattākāravasena vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Seyyohamasmī’’ti māno</span>ti jātiādīni nissāya ‘‘ahamasmi seyyo’’ti <a name="P1.0208"></a> uppanno māno. <span class="bld">Sadisamānā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo. Evamimepi tayo mānā puggalavisesaṃ anissāya tathā pavattākāravasena vuttā. Tesu ekeko tiṇṇampi seyyasadisahīnānaṃ uppajjati. Tattha ‘‘seyyohamasmī’’ti māno seyyasseva yāthāvamāno, sesānaṃ ayāthāvamāno. ‘‘Sadisohamasmī’’ti māno sadisasseva yāthāvamāno, sesānaṃ ayāthāvamāno. ‘‘Hīnohamasmī’’ti māno hīnasseva yāthāvamāno, sesānaṃ ayāthāvamāno.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Catubbidhena māno lokadhammavasena vutto. Pañcavidhena māno pañcakāmaguṇavasena vutto. Chabbidhena māno cakkhādisampattivasena vutto. Tattha <span class="bld">mānaṃ janetī</span>ti mānaṃ uppādeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sattavidhena mānaniddese <span class="bld">māno</span>ti unnamo. <span class="bld">Atimāno</span>ti ‘‘jātiādīhi mayā sadiso natthī’’ti atikkamitvā maññanavasena uppanno māno. <span class="bld">Mānātimāno</span>ti ‘‘ayaṃ pubbe mayā sadiso, idāni ahaṃ seṭṭho, ayaṃ hīnataro’’ti uppanno māno. Ayaṃ bhārātibhāro viya purimaṃ <a name="V0.0163"></a> sadisamānaṃ upādāya mānātimāno nāmāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘mānātimāno’’</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Omāno</span>ti hīnamāno. Yo ‘‘hīnohamasmī’’ti māno nāma vutto, ayaṃ omāno nāma. Api cettha ‘‘tvaṃ jātimā, kākajāti viya te jāti. Tvaṃ gottavā, caṇḍālagottaṃ viya te gottaṃ. Tuyhaṃ saro atthi, kākasaro viya te saro’’ti evaṃ attānaṃ heṭṭhā katvā pavattanavasena ayaṃ ‘‘omāno’’ti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Adhimāno</span>ti cattāri saccāni appatvā pattasaññissa, catūhi maggehi kattabbe kicce akateyeva katasaññissa, catusaccadhamme anadhigate adhigatasaññissa<a name="M0.0181"></a>, arahatte asacchikate sacchikatasaññissa uppanno adhigatamāno adhimāno nāma. Ayaṃ pana kassa uppajjati, kassa na uppajjatīti? Ariyasāvakassa tāva na uppajjati. So hi maggaphalanibbānapahīnakilesāvasiṭṭhakilesapaccavekkhaṇena sañjātasomanasso ariyaguṇapaṭivedhe nikkaṅkho, tasmā sotāpannādīnaṃ ‘‘ahaṃ sakadāgāmī’’tiādivasena māno na uppajjati, dussīlassa ca na uppajjati. So hi ariyaguṇādhigame nirāsova. Sīlavatopi pariccattakammaṭṭhānassa niddārāmatādimanuyuttassa na uppajjati<a name="P1.0209"></a>, parisuddhasīlassa pana kammaṭṭhāne appamattassa nāmarūpaṃ vavatthapetvā paccayapariggahena vitiṇṇakaṅkhassa tilakkhaṇaṃ āropetvā saṅkhāre sammasantassa āraddhavipassakassa uppajjati, uppanne ca suddhasamathalābhī suddhavipassanālābhī vā antarā ṭhapeti. So hi dasapi vassāni vīsampi vassāni tiṃsampi vassāni asītipi vassāni kilesasamudācāraṃ apassanto ‘‘ahaṃ sotāpanno’’ti vā ‘‘sakadāgāmī’’ti vā ‘‘anāgāmī’’ti vā maññati, samathavipassanālābhī pana arahatteyeva ṭhapeti. Tassa hi samādhibalena kilesā vikkhambhitā, vipassanābalena saṅkhārā supariggahitā, tasmā saṭṭhipi vassāni asītipi vassāni vassasatampi kilesā na samudācaranti, khīṇāsavasseva cittācāro hoti. So evaṃ dīgharattaṃ kilesasamudācāraṃ apassanto antarā aṭṭhatvāva ‘‘arahā aha’’nti maññati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Asmimāno</span>ti rūpe asmītiādinā nayena pañcasu khandhesu ‘‘ahaṃ rūpādayo’’ti uppanno māno. <span class="bld">Micchāmāno</span>ti pāpakehi kammāyatanasippāyatanavijjāṭṭhānasutapaṭibhānasīlabbatehi, pāpikāya ca diṭṭhiyā uppanno māno. Tattha <span class="bld">pāpakaṃ kammāyatanaṃ</span> nāma kevaṭṭamacchabandhanesādānaṃ kammaṃ. <span class="bld">Pāpakaṃ sippāyatanaṃ</span> nāma macchajālakhipakumīnakaraṇesu ceva pāsaoḍḍanasūlāropanādīsu ca chekatā. <span class="bld">Pāpakaṃ vijjāṭṭhānaṃ</span> nāma yā kāci parūpaghātavijjā. <span class="bld">Pāpakaṃ sutaṃ</span> nāma bhāratayuddhasītāharaṇādipaṭisaṃyuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Pāpakaṃ paṭibhānaṃ</span> nāma dubbhāsitayuttaṃ kappanāṭakavilappanādipaṭibhānaṃ<a name="V0.0164"></a>. <span class="bld">Pāpakaṃ sīlaṃ</span> nāma ajasīlaṃ gosīlaṃ. <span class="bld">Vatampi</span> ajavatagovatameva. <span class="bld">Pāpikā diṭṭhi</span> pana dvāsaṭṭhiyā diṭṭhigatesu yākāci diṭṭhi. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhavidhamāno</span> uttānatthoyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Navavidhena <a name="M0.0182"></a> mānaniddese <span class="bld">seyyassa ‘‘seyyohamasmī’’</span>tiādayo nava mānā puggalaṃ nissāya vuttā. Ettha pana <span class="bld">seyyassa ‘‘seyyohamasmī’’ti māno</span> rājānañceva pabbajitānañca uppajjati. Rājā hi ‘‘raṭṭhena vā dhanavāhanehi vā ko <a name="P1.0210"></a> mayā sadiso atthī’’ti etaṃ mānaṃ karoti. Pabbajitopi ‘‘sīladhutaṅgādīhi ko mayā sadiso atthī’’ti etaṃ mānaṃ karoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Seyyassa ‘‘sadisohamasmī’’ti māno</span>pi etesaṃyeva uppajjati. Rājā hi ‘‘raṭṭhena vā dhanavāhanehi vā aññarājūhi saddhiṃ mayhaṃ kiṃ nānākaraṇa’’nti etaṃ mānaṃ karoti. Pabbajitopi ‘‘sīladhutaṅgādīhi aññena bhikkhunā mayhaṃ kiṃ nānākaraṇa’’nti etaṃ mānaṃ karoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Seyyassa ‘‘hīnohamasmī’’ti māno</span>pi etesaṃyeva uppajjati. Yassa hi rañño raṭṭhaṃ vā dhanavāhanādīni vā nātisampannāni honti, so ‘‘mayhaṃ rājāti vohārasukhamattakameva, kiṃ rājā nāma aha’’nti etaṃ mānaṃ karoti. Pabbajitopi appalābhasakkāro ‘‘ahaṃ dhammakathiko, bahussuto, mahātheroti kathāmattameva, kiṃ dhammakathiko nāmāhaṃ, kiṃ bahussuto nāmāhaṃ, kiṃ mahāthero nāmāhaṃ, yassa me lābhasakkāro natthī’’ti etaṃ mānaṃ karoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sadisassa ‘‘seyyohamasmī’’ti mānā</span>dayo amaccādīnaṃ uppajjanti. Amacco vā hi raṭṭhiyo vā ‘‘bhogayānavāhanādīhi ko mayā sadiso añño rājapuriso atthī’’ti vā, ‘‘mayhaṃ aññehi saddhiṃ kiṃ nānākaraṇa’’nti vā, ‘‘amaccoti nāmameva mayhaṃ, ghāsacchādanamattampi me natthi, kiṃ amacco nāmāha’’nti vā ete māne karoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Hīnassa ‘‘seyyohamasmī’’ti mānā</span>dayo dāsādīnaṃ uppajjanti. Dāso hi ‘‘mātito vā pitito vā ko mayā sadiso añño dāso nāma atthi, aññe jīvituṃ asakkontā kucchihetu dāsā nāma jātā, ahaṃ pana paveṇīāgatattā seyyo’’ti vā, ‘‘paveṇīāgatabhāvena ubhatosuddhikadāsattena asukadāsena nāma saddhiṃ ki mayhaṃ nānākaraṇa’’nti vā, ‘‘kucchivasenāhaṃ dāsabyaṃ upagato, mātāpitukoṭiyā pana me dāsaṭṭhānaṃ natthi<a name="V0.0165"></a>, kiṃ dāso nāma aha’’nti vā ete māne karoti. Yathā ca dāso, evaṃ pukkusacaṇḍālādayopi ete māne karontiyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha <a name="M0.0183"></a> ca seyyassa ‘‘seyyohamasmī’’ti uppannamānova yāthāvamāno, itare dve ayāthāvamānā. Tathā sadisassa ‘‘sadisohamasmī’’ti, hīnassa ‘‘hīnohamasmī’’ti uppannamānova yāthāvamāno, itare dve ayāthāvamānā. Tattha yāthāvamānā arahattamaggavajjhā, ayāthāvamānā sotāpattimaggavajjhā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha <a name="P1.0211"></a> ca seyyassa ‘‘seyyohamasmī’’ti māno uttamassa uttamaṭṭhena ‘‘ahaṃ seyyo’’ti evaṃ uppannamāno, seyyassa ‘‘sadisohamasmī’’ti māno uttamassa samaṭṭhena ‘‘ahaṃ sadiso’’ti evaṃ uppannamāno. Seyyassa ‘‘hīnohamasmī’’ti māno uttamassa lāmakaṭṭhena ‘‘ahaṃ hīno’’ti evaṃ uppannamāno. Evaṃ seyyamāno sadisamāno hīnamānoti ime tayo mānā seyyassa uppajjanti. Sadisassāpi ahaṃ seyyo, sadiso, hīnoti tayo mānā uppajjanti. Hīnassāpi ahaṃ hīno, sadiso, seyyoti tayo mānā uppajjanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dasavidhamānaniddese <span class="bld">idhekacco mānaṃ janetī</span>ti ekacco puggalo mānaṃ janayati. <span class="bld">Jātiyā vā</span>ti khattiyabhāvādijātisampattiyā vā. <span class="bld">Gottena vā</span>ti gotamagottādinā ukkaṭṭhagottena vā. <span class="bld">Kolaputtiyena vā</span>ti mahākulabhāvena vā. <span class="bld">Vaṇṇapokkharatāya vā</span>ti vaṇṇasampannasarīratāya vā. Sarīrañhi ‘‘pokkhara’’nti vuccati, tassa vaṇṇasampattiyā abhirūpabhāvenāti attho. <span class="bld">Dhanena vā</span>ti dhanasampannabhāvena vā, mayhaṃ nidhānagatassa dhanassa pamāṇaṃ natthīti attho. <span class="bld">Ajjhenena vā</span>ti ajjhāyanavasena vā. <span class="bld">Kammāyatanena vā</span>ti ‘‘avasesā sattā chinnapakkhakākasadisā, ahaṃ pana mahiddhiko mahānubhāvo’’ti vā, ‘‘ahaṃ yaṃ yaṃ kammaṃ karomi, taṃ taṃ samijjhatī’’ti vā evamādinayappavattena kammāyatanena vā. <span class="bld">Sippāyatanena vā</span>ti ‘‘avasesā sattā nisippā, ahaṃ sippavā’’ti evamādinayappavattena sippāyatanena vā. <span class="bld">Vijjāṭṭhānena vā</span>ti idaṃ heṭṭhā vuttanayameva. <span class="bld">Sutena vā</span>ti ‘‘avasesā sattā appassutā, ahaṃ pana bahussuto’’ti evamādisutena vā. <span class="bld">Paṭibhānena vā</span>ti ‘‘avasesā sattā appaṭibhānā, mayhaṃ pana paṭibhānappamāṇaṃ natthī’’ti evamādipaṭibhānena vā. <span class="bld">Aññataraññatarena vā vatthunā</span>ti avuttena aññena vatthunā vā. <span class="bld">Yo evarūpo māno</span>ti mānakaraṇavasena māno. <span class="bld">Maññanā maññitatta</span>nti ākārabhāvaniddeso. Ussitaṭṭhena <span class="bld">unnati</span>. Yassuppajjati, taṃ <a name="M0.0184"></a> puggalaṃ unnāmeti ukkhipitvā ṭhapetīti <span class="bld">unnāmo</span>. Samussitaṭṭhena <span class="bld">dhajo</span>. Ukkhipanaṭṭhena cittaṃ sampaggaṇhātīti <span class="bld">sampaggāho</span>. Ketu <a name="V0.0166"></a> vuccati bahūsu dhajesu accuggatadhajo<a name="P1.0212"></a>. Mānopi punappunaṃ uppajjamāno aparāpare upādāya accuggataṭṭhena ketu viyāti ketu, taṃ ketuṃ icchatīti ketukamyaṃ, tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">ketukamyatā</span>. Sā pana cittassa, na attano. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘ketukamyatā cittassā’’ti. Mānasampayuttañhi cittaṃ ketuṃ icchati, tassa bhāvo, ketusaṅkhāto mānoti. <span class="bld">Dhono māyañca mānañca pahāya pajahitvā</span> yo so dhono arahā heṭṭhā vuttanayena vinodanabyantikaraṇādivasena kilese pajahitvā ṭhito, so tena rāgādinā kilesena gaccheyya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nerayikoti vā</span>ti niraye nibbattakasattoti vā. <span class="bld">Tiracchānayonikā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">So hetu natthī</span>ti yena janakahetunā gatiyādīsu nibbatteyya, so hetu natthi. <span class="bld">Paccayo</span>ti tasseva vevacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Kāraṇa</span>nti ṭhānaṃ. Kāraṇañhi tadāyattavuttitāya attano phalassa ṭhānanti vuccati. Tasmā yena hetunā yena paccayena gatiyādīsu nibbatteyya, taṃ kāraṇaṃ natthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para22"></a><span class="paranum">22</span>. Yo pana nesaṃ dvinnaṃ upayānaṃ bhāvena upayo hoti, so <span class="bld">upayo hi…pe… diṭṭhimidheva sabba</span>nti. Tattha <span class="bld">upayo</span>ti taṇhādiṭṭhinissito. <span class="bld">Dhammesu upeti vāda</span>nti ‘‘ratto’’ti vā ‘‘duṭṭho’’ti vā evaṃ tesu tesu dhammesu upeti vādaṃ. <span class="bld">Anūpayaṃ kena kathaṃ vadeyyā</span>ti taṇhādiṭṭhippahānena pana anūpayaṃ khīṇāsavaṃ kena rāgena vā dosena vā kathaṃ ‘‘ratto’’ti vā ‘‘duṭṭho’’ti vā vadeyya. Evaṃ anupavajjo ca so kiṃ titthiyā viya katapaṭicchādako bhavissatīti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Attā nirattā na hi tassa atthī</span>ti tassa hi attadiṭṭhi vā ucchedadiṭṭhi vā natthi, gahaṇamuñcanaṃ vāpi attanirattasaññitaṃ natthi. Kiṃ kāraṇā natthīti ce? <span class="bld">Adhosi so diṭṭhimidheva sabba</span>nti. Yasmā so idheva attabhāve ñāṇambunā sabbadiṭṭhigataṃ adhosi pajahi vinodesīti arahattanikūṭena desanaṃ niṭṭhāpesi. Taṃ sutvā rājā attamano bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā pakkāmīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rattoti vā</span>ti rāgena rattoti vā. <span class="bld">Duṭṭhoti vā</span>tiādīsupi eseva <a name="P1.0213"></a> nayo. <span class="bld">Te abhisaṅkhārā appahīnā</span>ti ye puññāpuññaāneñjābhisaṅkhārā, te <a name="M0.0185"></a> appahīnā. <span class="bld">Abhisaṅkhārānaṃ appahīnattā</span>ti tesaṃ vuttappakārānaṃ kammābhisaṅkhārānaṃ na pahīnabhāvena. <span class="bld">Gatiyā vādaṃ upetī</span>ti pañcannaṃ gatīnaṃ aññatarāya kathanaṃ upagacchati. Tenevāha – <span class="bld">‘‘nerayikoti vā…pe… vādaṃ upeti upagacchatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Vadeyyā</span>ti katheyya. <span class="bld">Gahitaṃ natthī</span>ti gahetabbaṃ natthi. <span class="bld">Muñcitabbaṃ natthī</span>ti muñcitvā ṭhitattā mocetabbaṃ natthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yassatthi</span> <a name="V0.0167"></a> <span class="bld">gahita</span>nti yassa puggalassa ‘‘ahaṃ mamā’’ti gahitaṃ atthi. <span class="bld">Tassatthi muñcitabba</span>nti tassa puggalassa mocetabbaṃ atthi. Upari padāni parivattetvā yojetabbāni. <span class="bld">Gahaṇaṃ muñcanā samatikkanto</span>ti gahaṇamocanā arahā atikkanto. <span class="bld">Buddhiparihānivītivatto</span>ti vaḍḍhiñca parihāniñca atikkamitvā pavatto. <span class="bld">So vuṭṭhavāso</span>tiādiṃ katvā <span class="bld">ñāṇagginā daḍḍhānī</span>ti pariyosānaṃ heṭṭhā vuttanayameva. <span class="bld">Adhosī</span>ti kantesi. <span class="bld">Dhuni sandhuni niddhunī</span>ti upasaggena padaṃ vaḍḍhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Saddhammappajjotikāya mahāniddesaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Duṭṭhaṭṭhakasuttaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter">4. Suddhaṭṭhakasuttaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para23"></a><span class="paranum">23</span>. Catutthe <a name="V0.0168"></a><a name="P1.0214"></a> suddhaṭṭhake paṭhamagāthāya tāvattho – na, bhikkhave, evarūpena dassanena suddhi hoti, api ca kho kilesamalīnattā asuddhaṃ, kilesarogānaṃ adhigamā sarogameva candābhaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ, aññaṃ vā evarūpaṃ disvā diṭṭhigatiko bālo abhijānāti <span class="bld">‘‘passāmi suddhaṃ paramaṃ arogaṃ,</span> tena ca diṭṭhisaṅkhātena dassanena <span class="bld">saṃsuddhi narassa hotī’’</span>ti, so evaṃ abhijānanto taṃ dassanaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘parama’’nti ñatvā</span> tasmiṃ dassane <span class="bld">suddhānupassī</span> samāno taṃ dassanaṃ ‘‘maggañāṇa’’nti <span class="bld">pacceti</span>. Taṃ pana maggañāṇaṃ na hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paramaṃ ārogyappatta</span>nti uttamaṃ nibyādhiṃ pāpuṇitvā ṭhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Tāṇappatta</span>nti tathā pālanappattaṃ. <span class="bld">Leṇappatta</span>nti nilīyanappattaṃ.<span class="bld">Saraṇappatta</span>nti patiṭṭhāpattaṃ, dukkhanāsanaṃ vā pattaṃ. <span class="bld">Abhayappatta</span>nti nibbhayabhāvappattaṃ. <span class="bld">Accutappatta</span>nti niccalabhāvaṃ pattaṃ. <span class="bld">Amatappatta</span>nti amataṃ mahānibbānaṃ pattaṃ. <span class="bld">Nibbānappatta</span>nti vānavirahitaṃ pattaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Abhijānanto</span>ti <a name="M0.0186"></a> visesena jānanto. <span class="bld">Ājānanto</span>ti ājānamāno. <span class="bld">Vijānanto</span>ti anekavidhena jānamāno. <span class="bld">Paṭivijānanto</span>ti taṃ taṃ paṭicca vijānamāno. <span class="bld">Paṭivijjhanto</span>ti hadaye kurumāno.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cakkhuviññāṇaṃ rūpadassanenā</span>ti cakkhuviññāṇena rūpadassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ñāṇanti paccetī</span>ti paññā iti saddahati. <span class="bld">Maggoti paccetī</span>ti ‘‘upāyo’’ti saddahati. <span class="bld">Patho</span>ti sañcāro. <span class="bld">Nīyāna</span>nti gahetvā yātīti nīyānaṃ. ‘‘Niyyāna’’nti vā pāṭho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para24"></a><span class="paranum">24</span>. <span class="bld">‘‘Diṭṭhena</span> <a name="P1.0215"></a> <span class="bld">ce suddhī’’</span>ti dutiyagāthā. Tassattho – tena rūpadassanasaṅkhātena <span class="bld">diṭṭhena</span> yadi kilesa<span class="bld">suddhi narassa hoti,</span> tena <span class="bld">vā ñāṇena so</span> yadi jātiādi<span class="bld">dukkhaṃ pajahāti,</span> evaṃ sante <a name="V0.0169"></a> ariyamaggato <span class="bld">aññena</span> asuddhimaggeneva <span class="bld">so sujjhati,</span> rāgādīhi upadhīhi saupadhiko eva samāno sujjhatīti vattabbataṃ āpanno hoti, na ca evaṃvidho sujjhati. Tasmā <span class="bld">diṭṭhī hi naṃ pāva tathā vadānaṃ,</span> sā naṃ diṭṭhiyeva ‘‘micchādiṭṭhiko aya’’nti katheti, diṭṭhianurūpaṃ ‘‘sassato loko’’tiādinā nayena tathā tathā vadatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Rāgena saha vattatīti <span class="bld">sarāgo,</span> rāgavāti attho. <span class="bld">Sadoso</span>tiādīsupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para25"></a><span class="paranum">25</span>. <span class="bld">Na brāhmaṇo</span>ti tatiyagāthā. Tassattho – yo pana bāhitapāpattā <span class="bld">brāhmaṇo</span> hoti, so maggena adhigatāsavakkhayo khīṇāsavabrāhmaṇo ariyamaggañāṇato aññena abhimaṅgalasammatarūpasaṅkhāte <span class="bld">diṭṭhe,</span> tathāvidhasaddasaṅkhāte <span class="bld">sute,</span> avītikkamasaṅkhāte <span class="bld">sīle,</span> hatthivatādibhede <span class="bld">vate,</span> pathaviādibhede <span class="bld">mute</span> ca uppannena micchāñāṇena <span class="bld">suddhiṃ na</span> āhāti. Sesamassa brāhmaṇassa vaṇṇabhaṇanāya vuttaṃ. So hi tedhātuka<span class="bld">puññe</span> sabbasmiñca <span class="bld">pāpe anūpalitto,</span> kasmā? Tassa pahīnattā tassa attadiṭṭhiyā, yassa kassaci vā gahaṇassa pahīnattā <span class="bld">attañjaho,</span> puññābhisaṅkhārādīnaṃ akaraṇato <span class="bld">‘‘nayidha pakubbamāno’’</span>ti vuccati. Tasmā naṃ evaṃ pasaṃsanto āha. Sabbasseva cassa purimapādena sambandho veditabbo – puññe ca pāpe ca anūpalitto attañjaho <a name="M0.0187"></a> nayidha pakubbamāno na brāhmaṇo aññato suddhimāhāti. <span class="bld">Nāti paṭikkhepo</span>ti na iti paṭisedho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bāhitvā sabbapāpakānī</span>ti gāthāyattho – yo catutthamaggena bāhitvā sabbapāpakāni <span class="bld">ṭhitatto</span> ṭhitoicceva vuttaṃ hoti. Bāhitapāpattā eva ca <span class="bld">vimalo</span> vimalabhāvaṃ brahmabhāvaṃ seṭṭhabhāvaṃ patto, paṭinissaṭṭhasamādhivikkhepakarakilesamalena <a name="P1.0216"></a> aggamaggaphalasamādhinā <span class="bld">sādhusamāhito,</span> saṃsārahetusamatikkamena <span class="bld">saṃsāramaticca</span> pariniṭṭhitakiccatāya <span class="bld">kevalī</span>ti ca, taṇhādiṭṭhīhi anissitattā <span class="bld">anissito</span>ti ca, lokadhammehi nibbikārattā <span class="bld">tādī</span>ti ca pavuccati. Evaṃ thutiraho <span class="bld">sa brahmā</span> so brāhmaṇoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aññatra satipaṭṭhānehī</span>ti cattāro satipaṭṭhāne muñcitvā. <span class="bld">Sammappadhānā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Santeke samaṇabrāhmaṇā</span>ti ekacce lokasaṅketena ‘‘samaṇabrāhmaṇā’’ti laddhavohārā saṃvijjanti. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhasuddhikā</span>ti diṭṭhena suddhiṃ icchamānā. <span class="bld">Te ekaccānaṃ rūpānaṃ dassana</span>nti ete diṭṭhasuddhikā <a name="V0.0170"></a> etesaṃ rūpārammaṇānaṃ olokanaṃ. <span class="bld">Maṅgalaṃ paccentī</span>ti iddhikāraṇaṃ buddhikāraṇaṃ sabbasampattikāraṇaṃ patiṭṭhāpenti. <span class="bld">Amaṅgalaṃ paccentī</span>ti aniddhikāraṇaṃ na buddhikāraṇaṃ na sampattikāraṇaṃ patiṭṭhāpenti. <span class="bld">Te kālato vuṭṭhahitvā</span>ti ete diṭṭhādimaṅgalikā puretarameva uṭṭhahitvā. <span class="bld">Abhimaṅgalagatānī</span>ti visesena vuḍḍhikāraṇagatāni. <span class="bld">Rūpāni passantī</span>ti nānāvidhāni rūpārammaṇāni dakkhanti. <span class="bld">Cāṭakasakuṇa</span>nti evaṃnāmakaṃ. <span class="bld">Phussaveḷuvalaṭṭhi</span>nti phussanakkhattena uppannaṃ taruṇabeḷuvalaṭṭhiṃ. <span class="bld">Gabbhinitthi</span>nti sagabbhaṃ itthiṃ. <span class="bld">Kumārakaṃ khandhe āropetvā gacchanta</span>nti taruṇadārakaṃ aṃse ussāpetvā gacchamānaṃ. <span class="bld">Puṇṇaghaṭa</span>nti udakapuṇṇaghaṭaṃ. <span class="bld">Rohitamaccha</span>nti rattarohitamacchaṃ. <span class="bld">Ājaññaratha</span>nti sindhavayuttarathaṃ. <span class="bld">Usabha</span>nti maṅgalausabhaṃ. <span class="bld">Gokapila</span>nti kapilagāviṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Palālapuñja</span>nti thusarāsiṃ. <span class="bld">Takkaghaṭa</span>nti gotakkādipūritacāṭiṃ. <span class="bld">Rittaghaṭa</span>nti <a name="P1.0217"></a> tucchaghaṭaṃ. <span class="bld">Naṭa</span>nti naṭakādiṃ. ‘‘Dhuttakiriya’’nti eke. <span class="bld">Naggasamaṇaka</span>nti niccoḷasamaṇaṃ<a name="M0.0188"></a>. <span class="bld">Khara</span>nti gadrabhaṃ. <span class="bld">Kharayāna</span>nti gadrabhayuttaṃ vayhādikaṃ. <span class="bld">Ekayuttayāna</span>nti ekena vāhanena saṃyuttaṃ yānaṃ. <span class="bld">Kāṇa</span>nti ekakkhiubhayakkhikāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Kuṇi</span>nti hatthakuṇiṃ. <span class="bld">Khañja</span>nti khañjapādaṃ tiriyagatapādaṃ. <span class="bld">Pakkhahata</span>nti pīṭhasappiṃ. <span class="bld">Jiṇṇaka</span>nti jarājiṇṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Byādhika</span>nti byādhipīḷitaṃ. <span class="bld">Mata</span>nti kālaṅkataṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sutasuddhikā</span>ti sotaviññāṇena sutena suddhiṃ icchamānā. <span class="bld">Saddānaṃ savana</span>nti saddārammaṇānaṃ savanaṃ. <span class="bld">Vaḍḍhāti vā</span>tiādayo loke pavattasaddamattāni gahetvā vuttā. Amaṅgalaṃ pana <span class="bld">‘‘kāṇo’’</span>tiādinā tena tena nāmena vuttasaddāyeva. <span class="bld">‘‘Chinda’’nti vā</span>ti hatthapādādicchinnanti vā. <span class="bld">‘‘Bhinda’’nti vā</span>ti sīsādibhinnanti vā. <span class="bld">‘‘Daḍḍha’’nti vā</span>ti agginā jhāpitanti vā. <span class="bld">‘‘Naṭṭha’’nti vā</span>ti corādīhi vināsitanti vā. <span class="bld">‘‘Natthī’’ti vā</span>ti na vijjatīti vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sīlasuddhikā</span>ti sīlena visuddhiṃ icchanakā. <span class="bld">Sīlamattenā</span>ti saṃvaraṇamattena. <span class="bld">Saṃyamamattenā</span>ti uparamamattena. <span class="bld">Saṃvaramattenā</span>ti dvārathakanamattena. <span class="bld">Avītikkamamattenā</span>ti na atikkamitamattena. <span class="bld">Samaṇo muṇḍikāputto</span>ti mātito laddhanāmaṃ. <span class="bld">Sampannakusala</span>nti paripuṇṇakusalaṃ. <span class="bld">Paramakusala</span>nti uttamakusalaṃ. <span class="bld">Uttamapattippatta</span>nti uttamaṃ arahattaṃ pāpuṇitabbataṃ patvā ṭhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Ayojja</span>nti parājetuṃ asakkuṇeyyaṃ samaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vatasuddhikā</span>ti samādānena vatena suddhiṃ icchanakā. <span class="bld">Hatthivatikā vā</span>ti samādinnaṃ hatthivataṃ <a name="V0.0171"></a> etesaṃ atthīti hatthivatikā, sabbahatthikiriyaṃ karontīti attho. Kathaṃ? ‘‘Ajja <a name="P1.0218"></a> paṭṭhāya hatthīhi kātabbaṃ karissāmī’’ti evaṃ uppannacittā hatthīnaṃ gamanākāraṃ tiṭṭhanākāraṃ nisīdanākāraṃ sayanākāraṃ uccārapassāvakaraṇākāraṃ, aññe hatthī disvā soṇḍaṃ ussāpetvā gamanākārañca sabbaṃ karontīti <span class="bld">hatthivatikā. Assavatikā</span>dīsupi labbhamānavasena yathāyogaṃ yojetabbaṃ. Tesu avasāne <span class="bld">disāvatikā vā</span>ti puratthimādidisānaṃ namassanavasena samādinnadisāvatikā, etesaṃ vuttappakārānaṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ vatasamādānaṃ sampajjamānaṃ hatthiādīnaṃ sahabyataṃ upaneti. Sace kho panassa micchādiṭṭhi hoti ‘‘imināhaṃ sīlavatasamādānabrahmacariyena devo vā devaññataro vā homī’’ti cintayantassa nirayatiracchānayonīnaṃ aññataro hotīti ñātabbaṃ. Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā (ma. ni. 2.79) –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Idha<a name="M0.0189"></a>, puṇṇa, ekacco kukkuravataṃ bhāveti paripuṇṇaṃ abbokiṇṇaṃ, kukkurasīlaṃ bhāveti paripuṇṇaṃ abbokiṇṇaṃ, kukkuracittaṃ bhāveti paripuṇṇaṃ abbokiṇṇaṃ, kukkurākappaṃ bhāveti paripuṇṇaṃ abbokiṇṇaṃ. So kukkuravataṃ bhāvetvā paripuṇṇaṃ abbokiṇṇaṃ, kukkurasīlaṃ bhāvetvā paripuṇṇaṃ abbokiṇṇaṃ, kukkuracittaṃ bhāvetvā paripuṇṇaṃ abbokiṇṇaṃ, kukkurākappaṃ bhāvetvā paripuṇṇaṃ abbokiṇṇaṃ kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā kukkurānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjati. Sace kho panassa evaṃdiṭṭhi hoti ‘imināhaṃ sīlena vā vatena vā tapena vā brahmacariyena vā devo vā bhavissāmi devaññataro vā’ti, sāssa hoti micchādiṭṭhi. Micchādiṭṭhissa kho ahaṃ, puṇṇa, dvinnaṃ gatīnaṃ aññataraṃ gatiṃ vadāmi nirayaṃ vā tiracchānayoniṃ vā. Iti kho, puṇṇa, sampajjamānaṃ kukkuravataṃ kukkurānaṃ sahabyataṃ upaneti, vipajjamānaṃ niraya’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gandhabbavatikā</span>dayo gandhabbādīnaṃ sahabyataṃ upagacchantīti attho na gahetabbo, micchādiṭṭhiyā gahitattā nirayatiracchānayonimeva upagacchantīti gahetabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mutasuddhikā</span>ti <a name="P1.0219"></a> phusitena suddhikā. <span class="bld">Pathaviṃ āmasantī</span>ti sasambhārikaṃ mahāpathaviṃ kāyena phusanti. <span class="bld">Harita</span>nti allanīlasaddalaṃ. <span class="bld">Gomaya</span>nti gavādigomayaṃ. <span class="bld">Kacchapa</span>nti aṭṭhikacchapādianekavidhaṃ. <span class="bld">Phālaṃ akkamantī</span>ti ayaphālaṃ maddanti. <span class="bld">Tilavāha</span>nti tilasakaṭaṃ tilarāsiṃ vā. <span class="bld">Phussatilaṃ khādantī</span>ti maṅgalapaṭisaṃyuttaṃ tilaṃ khādanti. <span class="bld">Phussatelaṃ makkhentī</span>ti tathārūpaṃ tilatelaṃ sarīrabbhañjanaṃ karonti. <span class="bld">Dantakaṭṭha</span>nti dantapoṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Mattikāya nhāyantī</span>ti kuṅkuṭṭhādikāya <a name="V0.0172"></a> saṇhamattikāya sarīraṃ ubbaṭṭetvā nhāyanti. <span class="bld">Sāṭakaṃ nivāsentī</span>ti maṅgalapaṭisaṃyuttaṃ vatthaṃ paridahanti. <span class="bld">Veṭhanaṃ veṭhentī</span>ti sīsaveṭhanaṃ pattuṇṇādipaṭaṃ sīse ṭhapenti paṭimuccanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tedhātukaṃ kusalābhisaṅkhāra</span>nti kāmadhāturūpadhātuarūpadhātūsu paṭisandhidāyakaṃ kosallasambhūtaṃ paccayābhisaṅkhāraṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbaṃ akusala</span>nti dvādasavidhaṃ akosallasambhūtaṃ akusalaṃ. <span class="bld">Yato</span>ti yadā. Te dasavidho <a name="M0.0190"></a> puññābhisaṅkhāro ca, dvādasavidho apuññābhisaṅkhāro ca, catubbidho āneñjābhisaṅkhāro ca yathānurūpaṃ samucchedappahānena pahīnā honti. <span class="bld">Attadiṭṭhijaho</span>ti ‘‘eso me attā’’ti gahitadiṭṭhiṃ jaho. <span class="bld">Gāhaṃ jaho</span>ti ‘‘esohamasmī’’ti mānasampayuttagahaṇaṃ jaho. Puna <span class="bld">attañjaho</span>ti ‘‘etaṃ mamā’’ti taṇhāgahaṇavasena ca diṭṭhigahaṇavasena ca parāmasitvā gahitaṃ, parato āmaṭṭhañca, tasmiṃ abhiniviṭṭhañca, balavataṇhāvasena gilitvā ajjhositañca, balavamucchitañca. <span class="bld">Sabbaṃ taṃ cattaṃ hotī</span>tiādayo vuttanayāyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para26"></a><span class="paranum">26</span>. Evaṃ ‘‘na brāhmaṇo aññato suddhimāhā’’ti vatvā idāni ye diṭṭhigatikā aññato suddhiṃ bruvanti, tesaṃ tassā diṭṭhiyā anibbāhakabhāvaṃ <a name="P1.0220"></a> dassento <span class="bld">‘‘purimaṃ pahāyā’’</span>ti gāthamāha. Tassattho – tehi aññato suddhivādā samānāpi yassā diṭṭhiyā appahīnattā gahaṇamuñcanaṃ hoti, tāya <span class="bld">purimaṃ</span> satthārādiṃ <span class="bld">pahāya aparaṃ</span> nissitā, <span class="bld">ejā</span>saṅkhātāya taṇhāya <span class="bld">anugatā</span> abhibhūtā rāgādibhedaṃ <span class="bld">na taranti saṅgaṃ,</span> tañca atarantā taṃ taṃ dhammaṃ uggaṇhanti ca <span class="bld">nirassajanti</span> ca makkaṭova <span class="bld">sākha</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Purimaṃ satthāraṃ pahāyā</span>ti purimagahitaṃ satthupaṭiññaṃ vajjetvā. <span class="bld">Paraṃ satthāraṃ nissitā</span>ti aññaṃ satthupaṭiññaṃ nissitā allīnā. <span class="bld">Purimaṃ dhammakkhānaṃ pahāyā</span>tiādīsupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ejānugā</span>ti taṇhāya anugā. <span class="bld">Ejānugatā</span>ti taṇhāya anugatā. <span class="bld">Ejānusaṭā</span>ti taṇhāya anusaṭā pakkhandā vā. <span class="bld">Ejāya pannā patitā</span>ti taṇhāya nimuggā ca nikkhipitā ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Makkaṭo</span>ti vānaro. <span class="bld">Araññe</span>ti vipine. <span class="bld">Pavane</span>ti mahāvane. <span class="bld">Caramāno</span>ti gacchamāno. <span class="bld">Evamevā</span>ti opammasaṃsandanaṃ. <span class="bld">Puthū</span>ti nānā. <span class="bld">Puthudiṭṭhigatānī</span>ti nānāvidhāni diṭṭhigatāni. <span class="bld">Gaṇhanti ca muñcanti cā</span>ti gahaṇavasena gaṇhanti ca cajanavasena muñcanti ca. <span class="bld">Ādiyanti ca nirassajanti cā</span>ti palibodhaṃ karonti ca vissajjenti ca khipanti ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para27"></a><span class="paranum">27</span>. Pañcamagāthāya <a name="V0.0173"></a> ca sambandho – yo ca so ‘‘diṭṭhī hi naṃ pāva tathā vadāna’’nti vutto, so sayaṃ samādāyāti. Tattha <span class="bld">saya</span>nti sāmaṃ<a name="M0.0191"></a>. <span class="bld">Samādāyā</span>ti gahetvā. <span class="bld">Vatānī</span>ti hatthivatādīni. <span class="bld">Uccāvaca</span>nti aparāparaṃ, hīnapaṇītaṃ vā satthārato satthārādiṃ. <span class="bld">Saññasatto</span>ti kāmasaññādīsu laggo. <span class="bld">Vidvā ca vedehi samecca dhamma</span>nti paramatthavidvā ca arahā catūhi maggañāṇavedehi catusaccadhammaṃ abhisameccāti. Sesaṃ pākaṭameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sāmaṃ samādāyā</span>ti sayameva gahetvā. <span class="bld">Ādāyā</span>ti ādiyitvā gaṇhitvā. <span class="bld">Samādāyā</span>ti sammā ādāya. <span class="bld">Ādiyitvā</span>ti palibodhaṃ <a name="P1.0221"></a> katvā. <span class="bld">Samādiyitvā</span>ti sammā palibodhaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Gaṇhitvā</span>ti avissajjetvā. <span class="bld">Parāmasitvā</span>ti dassitvā. <span class="bld">Abhinivisitvā</span>ti patiṭṭhahitvā. <span class="bld">Kāmasaññādayo</span> vuttanayā eva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vidvā</span>ti medhāvī. <span class="bld">Vijjāgato</span>ti vijānanabhāvaṃ gato. <span class="bld">Ñāṇī</span>ti paññāsampanno. <span class="bld">Vibhāvī</span>ti ñāṇena vīmaṃsako. <span class="bld">Medhāvī</span>ti aniccādīhi tulitañāṇo. <span class="bld">Paññā</span>tiādayo heṭṭhā vuttanayāyeva. Catusaccadhammaṃ vicinātīti <span class="bld">dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgo</span>. Bojjhaṅgattho heṭṭhā vuttova. <span class="bld">Vīmaṃsā</span>ti catusaccadhammavicinanā paññāva. ‘‘Vīmaṃsā dhammacintanā’’ti hi vuttā. <span class="bld">Vipassanā</span>ti maggasampayuttā vividhākārena passanā paññāva. <span class="bld">Sammādiṭṭhī</span>ti sobhanā pasaṭṭhā sundarā maggasampayuttā sammādiṭṭhi. <span class="bld">Tehi vedehī</span>ti eteheva catūhi maggañāṇehi. <span class="bld">Antagato</span>ti jātijarāmaraṇassa pariyosānaṃ gato. <span class="bld">Koṭigato</span>tiādayo heṭṭhā vuttanayāva. <span class="bld">Vedānaṃ vā antagato</span>ti jānitabbānaṃ avasānappatto. <span class="bld">Vedehi vā antagato</span>ti catūhi maggañāṇavedehi vaṭṭadukkhassa pariyantabhāvena antasaṅkhātaṃ nibbānaṃ gato. <span class="bld">Viditattā</span>ti viditabhāvena jānitabhāvena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vedāni viceyya kevalānī</span>ti gāthāya ayamattho – yo catūhi maggañāṇavedehi kilesakkhayaṃ karonto gato, so paramatthato vedagū nāma hoti. <span class="bld">Sova</span> sabba<span class="bld">samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ</span> satthasaññitāni <span class="bld">vedāni</span> tāyeva maggabhāvanāya kiccato aniccādivasena <span class="bld">viceyya</span>. Tattha chandarāgappahānena tameva <span class="bld">sabbaṃ vedamaticca</span> yāpi vedapaccayā, aññathā vā uppajjanti vedanā, tāsu <span class="bld">sabbavedanāsu vītarāgo</span> hoti. Tasmā tamatthaṃ dassento ‘‘kiṃ pattinamāhu vedagu’’nti (su. ni. 533) puṭṭho ‘‘idaṃ pattina’’nti avatvā <a name="M0.0192"></a> ‘‘vedāni viceyya…pe… vedagū so’’ti āha. Yasmā vā yo pavicayapaññāya <span class="bld">vedāni viceyya,</span> tattha chandarāgappahānena <span class="bld">sabbaṃ vedamaticca</span> vattati. <span class="bld">So</span> satthasaññitāni <span class="bld">vedāni</span> gato ñāto atikkantova hoti. Yo <span class="bld">vedanāsu</span> <a name="V0.0174"></a> <span class="bld">vītarāgo,</span> sopi vedanāsaññitāni <span class="bld">vedāni</span> gato atikkanto<a name="P1.0222"></a>, ativedanaṃ gatotipi <span class="bld">vedagū</span>. Tasmā tampi atthaṃ dassento ‘‘idaṃ pattina’’nti avatvā ‘‘vedāni viceyya…pe… vedagū so’’ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sameccā</span>ti ñāṇena samāgantvā. <span class="bld">Abhisameccā</span>ti ñāṇena paṭivijjhitvā. <span class="bld">Dhamma</span>nti catusaccadhammaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbe saṅkhārā</span>ti sabbe sappaccayā dhammā. Te hi saṅkhatasaṅkhārā nāma. Paccayehi saṅgamma karīyantīti saṅkhārā, te evaṃ paccayehi saṅgamma katattā ‘‘saṅkhatā’’ti visesetvā vuttā. ‘‘Kammanibbattā tebhūmakarūpārūpadhammā abhisaṅkhatasaṅkhārā’’ti (visuddhi. 2.587) aṭṭhakathāsu vuttā. Tepi ‘‘aniccā vata saṅkhārā’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 2.221, 272; saṃ. ni. 1.186) saṅkhatasaṅkhāresu saṅgahaṃ gacchanti. ‘‘Avijjāgatoyaṃ, bhikkhave, purisapuggalo puññañce saṅkhāraṃ abhisaṅkharotī’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 2.51) avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārāva āgatā. Tebhūmikakusalākusalacetanā abhisaṅkharaṇakasaṅkhārā nāma. ‘‘Yāvatikā abhisaṅkhārassa gati, tāvatikaṃ gantvā akkhāhataṃ maññe aṭṭhāsī’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 3.15) āgataṃ kāyikacetasikavīriyaṃ payogābhisaṅkhāro nāma. ‘‘Saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ samāpannassa kho, āvuso visākha, bhikkhuno paṭhamaṃ nirujjhati vacīsaṅkhāro, tato kāyasaṅkhāro, tato cittasaṅkhāro’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.464) āgatā vitakkavicārā vācaṃ saṅkharontīti vacīsaṅkhārā, assāsapassāsā kāyena saṅkharīyantīti kāyasaṅkhārā, saññā ca vedanā ca cittena saṅkharīyantīti cittasaṅkhārā. Idha pana saṅkhatasaṅkhārā adhippetā. <span class="bld">Aniccā</span> hutvā abhāvaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Dukkhā</span> paṭipīḷanaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Sabbe dhammā</span>ti nibbānampi antokatvā vuttā. <span class="bld">Anattā</span> avasavattanaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā</span>ti ettha yaṃ paṭicca phalameti, so paccayo. <span class="bld">Paṭiccā</span>ti na vinā, apaccakkhitvāti attho. <span class="bld">Etī</span>ti uppajjati ceva pavattati cāti attho. Apica upakārakaṭṭho paccayaṭṭho. Avijjā ca sā paccayo cāti avijjāpaccayo, tasmā <a name="M0.0193"></a> avijjāpaccayā. Saṅkhārā <span class="bld">sambhavantī</span>ti nibbattanti, evaṃ sambhavantisaddassa sesapadehipi yojanā kātabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="P1.0223"></a> katamā avijjā? Dukkhe aññāṇaṃ, dukkhasamudaye aññāṇaṃ, dukkhanirodhe aññāṇaṃ, dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya aññāṇaṃ, pubbante aññāṇaṃ, aparante aññāṇaṃ, pubbantāparante aññāṇaṃ, idappaccayatāpaṭiccasamuppannesu dhammesu aññāṇaṃ. Katame saṅkhārā? Puññābhisaṅkhāro apuññābhisaṅkhāro āneñjābhisaṅkhāro, kāyasaṅkhāro vacīsaṅkhāro cittasaṅkhāro, aṭṭha kāmāvacarakusalacetanā, pañca rūpāvacarakusalacetanā puññābhisaṅkhāro, dvādasa akusalacetanā <a name="V0.0175"></a> apuññābhisaṅkhāro, catasso arūpāvacarakusalacetanā āneñjābhisaṅkhāro, kāyasañcetanā kāyasaṅkhāro, vacīsañcetanā vacīsaṅkhāro, manosañcetanā cittasaṅkhāro.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha siyā – kathaṃ panetaṃ jānitabbaṃ ‘‘ime saṅkhārā avijjāpaccayā hontī’’ti? Avijjābhāve bhāvato. Yassa hi dukkhādīsu avijjāsaṅkhātaṃ aññāṇaṃ appahīnaṃ hoti, so dukkhe tāva pubbantādīsu ca aññāṇena saṃsāradukkhaṃ sukhasaññāya gahetvā tasseva hetubhūte tividhepi saṅkhāre ārabhati. Samudaye aññāṇena dukkhahetubhūtepi taṇhāparikkhāre saṅkhāre sukhahetuto maññamāno ārabhati. Nirodhe pana magge ca aññāṇena dukkhassa anirodhabhūtepi gativisese dukkhanirodhasaññī hutvā nirodhassa ca amaggabhūtesupi yaññāmaratapādīsu nirodhamaggasaññī hutvā dukkhanirodhaṃ patthayamāno yaññāmaratapādimukhena tividhepi saṅkhāre ārabhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Api ca so tāya catūsu saccesu appahīnāvijjatāya visesato jātijarārogamaraṇādianekādīnavavokiṇṇampi puññaphalasaṅkhātaṃ dukkhaṃ dukkhato ajānanto tassa adhigamāya kāyavacīcittasaṅkhārabhedaṃ puññābhisaṅkhāraṃ ārabhati devaccharakāmako viya maruppapātaṃ. Sukhasammatassāpi ca tassa puññaphalassa ante mahāpariḷāhajanikaṃ vipariṇāmadukkhataṃ appassādatañca apassantopi tappaccayaṃ vuttappakārameva puññābhisaṅkhāraṃ ārabhati salabho viya dīpasikhābhinipātaṃ, madhubindugiddho viya ca madhulittasatthadhārālehanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāmupasevanādīsu <a name="M0.0194"></a> ca savipākesu ādīnavaṃ apassanto sukhasaññāya ceva kilesābhibhūtatāya ca dvārattayappavattampi apuññābhisaṅkhāraṃ ārabhati bālo <a name="P1.0224"></a> viya gūthakīḷanaṃ, maritukāmo viya ca visakhādanaṃ. Āruppavipākesu cāpi saṅkhāravipariṇāmadukkhataṃ anavabujjhamāno sassatādivipallāsena cittasaṅkhārabhūtaṃ āneñjābhisaṅkhāraṃ ārabhati disāmūḷho viya pisācanagarābhimukhamaggagamanaṃ. Evaṃ yasmā avijjābhāvatova saṅkhārabhāvo, na abhāvato. Tasmā jānitabbametaṃ ‘‘ime saṅkhārā avijjāpaccayā hontī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Etthāha – gaṇhāma tāva etaṃ ‘‘avijjā saṅkhārānaṃ paccayo’’ti, kiṃ panāyamekāva avijjā saṅkhārānaṃ paccayo, udāhu aññepi paccayā santīti? Kiṃ panettha yadi tāva ekāva, ekakāraṇavādo āpajjati. Atha aññepi santi, ‘‘avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā’’ti ekakāraṇaniddeso nupapajjatīti? Na nupapajjati. Kasmā? Yasmā –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Ekaṃ <a name="V0.0176"></a> na ekato idha, nānekamanekatopi no ekaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Phalamatthi atthi pana eka-hetuphaladīpane attho’’. (vibha. aṭṭha. 226, saṅkhārapadaniddesa; paṭi. ma. aṭṭha. 1.1.105; visuddhi. 2.617);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bhagavā hi katthaci padhānattā, katthaci pākaṭattā, katthaci asādhāraṇattā desanāvilāsassa ca veneyyānañca anurūpato ekameva hetuṃ vā phalaṃ vā dīpeti. Tasmā ayamidha avijjā vijjamānesupi aññesu vatthārammaṇasahajātadhammādīsu saṅkhārakāraṇesu ‘‘assādānupassino taṇhā pavaḍḍhatī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 2.52) ca, ‘‘avijjāsamudayā āsavasamudayo’’ti (ma. ni. 1.104) ca vacanato aññesampi taṇhādīnaṃ saṅkhārahetūnaṃ hetūti padhānattā, ‘‘avidvā, bhikkhave, avijjāgato puññābhisaṅkhārampi abhisaṅkharotī’’ti pākaṭattā, asādhāraṇattā ca saṅkhārānaṃ hetubhāvena dīpitāti veditabbā. Eteneva ca ekekahetuphaladīpanaparihāravacanena sabbattha ekekahetuphaladīpane payojanaṃ veditabbanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Etthāha – evaṃ santepi ekantāniṭṭhaphalāya sāvajjāya avijjāya kathaṃ puññāneñjābhisaṅkhārapaccayattaṃ yujjati? Na hi nimbabījato ucchu uppajjatīti. Kathaṃ na yujjissati? Lokasmiñhi –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Viruddho <a name="M0.0195"></a> cā viruddho ca, sadisāsadiso tathā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Dhammānaṃ paccayo siddho, vipākā eva te ca na’’.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Iti <a name="P1.0225"></a> ayaṃ avijjā vipākavasena ekantāniṭṭhaphalā, sabhāvavasena ca sāvajjāpi samānā sabbesampi etesaṃ puññābhisaṅkhārādīnaṃ yathānurūpaṃ ṭhānakiccasabhāvaviruddhāviruddhapaccayavasena, sadisāsadisapaccayavasena ca paccayo hotīti veditabbā. Api ca ayaṃ aññopi pariyāyo –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Cutūpapāte saṃsāre, saṅkhārānañca lakkhaṇe;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Yo paṭiccasamuppanna-dhammesu ca vimuyhati.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Abhisaṅkharoti so ete, saṅkhāre tividhe yato;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Avijjā paccayo tesaṃ, tividhānampayaṃ tato.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yathāpi <a name="V0.0177"></a> nāma jaccandho, naro apariṇāyako;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Ekadā yāti maggena, ummaggenāpi ekadā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Saṃsāre saṃsaraṃ bālo, tathā apariṇāyako;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Karoti ekadā puññaṃ, apuññamapi ekadā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yadā ca ñatvā so dhammaṃ, saccāni abhisamessati;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tadā avijjūpasamā, upasanto carissatī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇa</span>nti chaviññāṇakāyā cakkhuviññāṇaṃ sotaviññāṇaṃ ghānaviññāṇaṃ jivhāviññāṇaṃ kāyaviññāṇaṃ manoviññāṇaṃ. Tattha cakkhuviññāṇaṃ kusalavipākaṃ akusalavipākanti duvidhaṃ. Tathā sotaghānajivhākāyaviññāṇāni. Manoviññāṇaṃ pana dve vipākamanodhātuyo, tisso ahetukavipākamanoviññāṇadhātuyo, aṭṭha sahetukavipākacittāni, pañca rūpāvacaravipākacittāni, cattāri arūpāvacaravipākacittānīti bāvīsatividhaṃ. Iti sabbāni bāttiṃsalokiyavipākaviññāṇāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha siyā – kathaṃ panetaṃ jānitabbaṃ ‘‘idaṃ vuttappakāraṃ viññāṇaṃ saṅkhārapaccayā hotī’’ti? Upacitakammābhāve vipākābhāvato. Vipākañhetaṃ, vipākañca na upacitakammābhāve uppajjati, yadi uppajjeyya, sabbesaṃ <a name="M0.0196"></a> sabbavipākāni uppajjeyyuṃ, na ca uppajjantīti jānitabbametaṃ ‘‘saṅkhārapaccayā idaṃ viññāṇaṃ hotī’’ti. Sabbameva hi idaṃ pavattipaṭisandhivasena dvedhā pavattati<a name="P1.0226"></a>. Tattha dve pañcaviññāṇāni, dve manodhātuyo, somanassasahagatā ahetukamanoviññāṇadhātūti imāni terasa pañcavokārabhave pavattiyaṃyeva pavattanti. Sesāni ekūnavīsati tīsu bhavesu yathānurūpaṃ pavattiyampi paṭisandhiyampi pavattanti.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Laddhappaccayamiti dhamma-mattametaṃ bhavantaramupeti;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Nāssa tato saṅkanti, na tato hetuṃ vinā hoti’’.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Iti hetaṃ laddhappaccayaṃ rūpārūpadhammamattaṃ uppajjamānaṃ ‘‘bhavantaramupetī’’ti vuccati, na satto na jīvo. Tassa ca nāpi atītabhavato idha saṅkanti atthi, nāpi tato hetuṃ vinā idha <a name="V0.0178"></a> pātubhāvo. Ettha ca purimaṃ cavanato cuti, pacchimaṃ bhavantarādipaṭisandhānato paṭisandhīti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Etthāha – nanu evaṃ asaṅkantipātubhāve sati ye imasmiṃ manussattabhāve khandhā, tesaṃ niruddhattā, phalapaccayassa ca kammassa tattha agamanato, aññassa aññato ca taṃ phalaṃ siyā, upabhuñjake ca asati kassa taṃ phalaṃ siyā, tasmā na sundaramidaṃ vidhānanti? Tatridaṃ vuccati –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Santāne yaṃ phalaṃ etaṃ, nāññassa na ca aññato;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Bījānaṃ abhisaṅkhāro, etassatthassa sādhako.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Phalassuppattiyā eva, siddhā bhuñjakasammuti;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Phaluppādena rukkhassa, yathā phalati sammutī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yopi vadeyya ‘‘evaṃ santepi ete saṅkhārā vijjamānā vā phalassa paccayā siyuṃ, avijjamānā vā. Yadi ca vijjamānā, pavattikkhaṇeyeva nesaṃ vipākena bhavitabbaṃ. Atha avijjamānā, pavattito pubbe pacchā ca niccaṃ phalāvahā siyu’’nti. So evaṃ vattabbo –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Katattā paccayā ete, na ca niccaṃ phalāvahā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Pāṭibhogādikaṃ tattha, veditabbaṃ nidassana’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Viññāṇapaccayā</span> <a name="P1.0227"></a><a name="M0.0197"></a> <span class="bld">nāmarūpa</span>nti idha vedanāsaññāsaṅkhārakkhandhā nāmaṃ, cattāri mahābhūtāni catunnañca mahābhūtānaṃ upādāyarūpaṃ rūpaṃ. Abhāvakagabbhaseyyakānaṃ aṇḍajānañca paṭisandhikkhaṇe vatthudasakaṃ kāyadasakanti vīsati rūparūpāni, tayo ca arūpino khandhāti ete tevīsati dhammā ‘‘viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpa’’nti veditabbā. Sabhāvakānaṃ bhāvadasakaṃ pakkhipitvā tettiṃsa, opapātikasattesu brahmakāyikādīnaṃ paṭisandhikkhaṇe cakkhusotavatthudasakāni jīvitindriyanavakañcāti ekūnacattālīsa rūparūpāni, tayo ca arūpino khandhāti ete bācattālīsa dhammā ‘‘viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpa’’nti veditabbā. Kāmabhave pana sesaopapātikānaṃ, saṃsedajānaṃ vā sabhāvakaparipuṇṇāyatanānaṃ paṭisandhikkhaṇe cakkhusotaghānajivhākāyavatthubhāvadasakānīti sattati rūparūpāni, tayo ca arūpino khandhāti ete <a name="V0.0179"></a> tesattati dhammā ‘‘viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpa’’nti veditabbā. Esa ukkaṃso, avakaṃsena pana taṃtaṃdasakavikalānaṃ tassa tassa vasena hāpetvā hāpetvā paṭisandhiyaṃ viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpasaṅkhā veditabbā. Arūpīnaṃ pana tayova arūpino khandhā. Asaññīnaṃ rūpato jīvitindriyanavakamevāti. Esa tāva paṭisandhiyaṃ nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pavatte pana sabbattha rūpapavattidese paṭisandhicittassa ṭhitikkhaṇe paṭisandhicittena saha pavattaututo utusamuṭṭhānaṃ suddhaṭṭhakaṃ pātubhavati. Paṭhamabhavaṅgato pabhuti cittasamuṭṭhānaṃ suddhaṭṭhakaṃ, saddapātubhāvakāle ututo ceva cittato ca saddanavakaṃ, kabaḷīkārāhārūpajīvīnaṃ āhārasamuṭṭhānaṃ suddhaṭṭhakanti evaṃ āhārasamuṭṭhānassa, suddhaṭṭhakassa, utucittasamuṭṭhānānañca dvinnaṃ navakānaṃ vasena chabbīsatividhaṃ, ekekacitte tikkhattuṃ uppajjamānaṃ vuttakammasamuṭṭhānañca sattatividhanti channavutividhaṃ rūpaṃ, tayo ca arūpino khandhāti navanavutidhammā yathāsambhavaṃ ‘‘viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpa’’nti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha siyā – kathaṃ panetaṃ jānitabbaṃ ‘‘paṭisandhināmarūpaṃ viññāṇapaccayā hotī’’ti? Suttato yuttito ca. Sutte <a name="P1.0228"></a> hi ‘‘cittānuparivattino dhammā’’tiādinā (dha. sa. dukamātikā 62) nayena bahudhā vedanādīnaṃ viññāṇapaccayatā siddhā. Yuttito pana –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Cittajena <a name="M0.0198"></a> hi rūpena, idha diṭṭhena sijjhati;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Adiṭṭhassāpi rūpassa, viññāṇaṃ paccayo itī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nāmarūpapaccayā saḷāyatana</span>nti nāmaṃ vuttameva. Idha pana rūpaṃ niyamato cattāri mahābhūtāni, cha vatthūni, jīvitindriyanti ekādasavidhaṃ. Saḷāyatanaṃ pana cakkhāyatanaṃ sotaghānajivhākāyamanāyatanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha siyā – kathaṃ panetaṃ jānitabbaṃ ‘‘nāmarūpaṃ saḷāyatanassa paccayo’’ti? Nāmarūpabhāve bhāvato. Tassa tassa hi nāmassa rūpassa ca bhāve taṃ taṃ āyatanaṃ hoti, na aññathāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saḷāyatanapaccayā phasso</span>ti –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Chaḷeva <a name="V0.0180"></a> phassā saṅkhepā, cakkhusamphassaādayo;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Viññāṇamiva bāttiṃsa, vitthārena bhavanti te’’.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Phassapaccayā vedanā</span>ti –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Dvārato vedanā vuttā, cakkhusamphassajādikā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Chaḷeva tā pabhedena, idha bāttiṃsa vedanā’’.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vedanāpaccayā taṇhā</span>ti –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Rūpataṇhādibhedena, cha taṇhā idha dīpitā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Ekekā tividhā tattha, pavattākārato matā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Dukkhī sukhaṃ patthayati, sukhī bhiyyopi icchati;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Upekkhā pana santattā, sukhamicceva bhāsitā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Taṇhāya paccayā tasmā, honti tissopi vedanā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Vedanāpaccayā taṇhā, iti vuttā mahesinā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Taṇhāpaccayā upādāna</span>nti cattāri upādānāni kāmupādānaṃ diṭṭhupādānaṃ sīlabbatupādānaṃ attavādupādānaṃ. <span class="bld">Upādānapaccayā bhavo</span>ti idha kammabhavo adhippeto, upapattibhavo pana paduddhāravasena vutto. <span class="bld">Bhavapaccayā jātī</span>ti kammabhavapaccayā jāti paṭisandhikhandhānaṃ pātubhavo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="P1.0229"></a> siyā – kathaṃ panetaṃ jānitabbaṃ ‘‘bhavo jātiyā paccayo’’ti ce? Bāhirapaccayasamattepi hīnapaṇītatādivisesadassanato. Bāhirānañhi janakajananisukkasoṇitāhārādīnaṃ paccayānaṃ samattepi sattānaṃ yamakānampi <a name="M0.0199"></a> sataṃ hīnapaṇītatādiviseso dissati. So ca na ahetuko sabbadā ca sabbesañca abhāvato, na kammabhavato aññahetuko tadabhinibbattakasattānaṃ ajjhattasantāne aññassa kāraṇassa abhāvatoti kammabhavahetukova. Kammañhi sattānaṃ hīnapaṇītatādivisesassa hetu. Tenāha bhagavā – ‘‘kammaṃ satte <a name="V0.0181"></a> vibhajati yadidaṃ hīnapaṇītatāyā’’ti (ma. ni. 3.289). Tasmā jānitabbametaṃ ‘‘bhavo jātiyā paccayo’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇa</span>ntiādīsu yasmā asati jātiyā jarāmaraṇañceva sokādayo ca dhammā na honti, jātiyā pana sati jarāmaraṇañceva jarāmaraṇasaṅkhātadukkhadhammaphuṭṭhassa bālassa jarāmaraṇādisambandhā vā tena tena dukkhadhammena phuṭṭhassa anabhisambandhā vā sokādayo ca dhammā honti. Tasmā jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇanti. <span class="bld">Samecca abhisamecca dhamma</span>nti ñāṇena samāgantvā catusaccadhammaṃ paṭivijjhitvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ dvādasapadikaṃ paccayākārappavattiṃ dassetvā idāni vivaṭṭavasena avijjādīnaṃ nirodhadassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘avijjānirodhā saṅkhāranirodhoti samecca abhisamecca dhamma’’</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">avijjānirodhā</span>ti avijjāya anuppādanirodhā puna appavattinirodhena. <span class="bld">Saṅkhāranirodho</span>ti saṅkhārānaṃ anuppādanirodho hoti. Evaṃ sesapadesupi. <span class="bld">Idaṃ dukkha</span>ntiādayo pubbe vuttanayā eva. <span class="bld">Ime dhammā abhiññeyyā</span>ti ime tebhūmakā dhammā sabhāvalakkhaṇāvabodhavasena sobhanākārena, adhikena ñāṇena vā sabhāvato jānitabbā. <span class="bld">Pariññeyyā</span>ti sāmaññalakkhaṇāvabodhavasena, kiccasamāpanavasena ca byāpitvā jānitabbā. <span class="bld">Ime dhammā pahātabbā</span>ti ime samudayapakkhikā dhammā tena tena guṇaṅgena pahātabbā. <span class="bld">Bhāvetabbā</span>ti <a name="P1.0230"></a> vaḍḍhetabbā. <span class="bld">Sacchikātabbā</span>ti paccakkhaṃ kātabbā. Duvidhā sacchikiriyā paṭilābhasacchikiriyā ca ārammaṇasacchikiriyā ca. <span class="bld">Channaṃ phassāyatanāna</span>nti cakkhādīnaṃ channaṃ āyatanānaṃ. <span class="bld">Samudayañca atthaṅgamañcā</span>ti uppādañca nirodhañca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhūripañño</span>ti bhūri viyāti bhūri, tāya bhūripaññāya samannāgato bhūripañño. <span class="bld">Mahāpañño</span>tiādīsu mahāpaññādīhi samannāgatoti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatridaṃ <a name="M0.0200"></a> mahāpaññādīnaṃ nānattaṃ – katamā mahāpaññā? Mahante atthe pariggaṇhātīti mahāpaññā. Mahante dhamme…pe… mahantā niruttiyo… mahantāni paṭibhānāni pariggaṇhātīti mahāpaññā. Mahante sīlakkhandhe pariggaṇhātīti mahāpaññā. Mahante samādhikkhandhe…pe… paññākkhandhe… vimuttikkhandhe… vimuttiñāṇadassanakkhandhe pariggaṇhātīti mahāpaññā. Mahantāni ṭhānāṭhānāni…pe… mahāvihārasamāpattiyo… mahantāni ariyasaccāni… mahante satipaṭṭhāne… sammappadhāne… iddhipāde… mahantāni indriyāni <a name="V0.0182"></a>… balāni… bojjhaṅgāni… mahante ariyamagge… mahantāni sāmaññaphalāni… mahāabhiññāyo… mahantaṃ paramatthaṃ nibbānaṃ pariggaṇhātīti mahāpaññā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Katamā puthupaññā? Puthunānākhandhesu ñāṇaṃ pavattatīti puthupaññā. Puthunānādhātūsu…pe… puthunānāāyatanesu… puthunānāpaṭiccasamuppādesu… puthunānāsuññatamanupalabbhesu… puthunānāatthesu… dhammesu… niruttīsu… paṭibhānesu… puthunānāsīlakkhandhesu… puthunānāsamādhipaññāvimuttivimuttiñāṇadassanakkhandhesu… puthunānāṭhānāṭhānesu… puthunānāvihārasamāpattīsu… puthunānāariyasaccesu… puthunānāsatipaṭṭhānesu… sammappadhānesu… iddhipādesu… indriyesu… balesu… bojjhaṅgesu… puthunānāariyamaggesu… sāmaññaphalesu… abhiññāsu… puthunānājanasādhāraṇe dhamme samatikkamma paramatthe nibbāne ñāṇaṃ pavattatīti puthupaññā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Katamā <a name="P1.0231"></a> hāsapaññā? Idhekacco hāsabahulo vedabahulo tuṭṭhibahulo pāmojjabahulo sīlaṃ paripūreti. Indriyasaṃvaraṃ paripūreti. Bhojane mattaññutaṃ…pe… jāgariyānuyogaṃ… sīlakkhandhaṃ… samādhikkhandhaṃ… paññākkhandhaṃ… vimuttikkhandhaṃ… vimuttiñāṇadassanakkhandhaṃ paripūretīti hāsapaññā. Hāsabahulo…pe… pāmojjabahulo ṭhānāṭhānaṃ paṭivijjhatīti hāsapaññā. Hāsabahulo vihārasamāpattiyo paripūretīti hāsapaññā. Hāsabahulo ariyasaccāni paṭivijjhatīti hāsapaññā. Satipaṭṭhāne bhāveti sammappadhāne… iddhipāde… indriyāni… balāni… bojjhaṅge… ariyamaggaṃ bhāvetīti hāsapaññā, hāsabahulo sāmaññaphalāni sacchikarotīti hāsapaññā, abhiññāyo paṭivijjhatīti hāsapaññā, hāsabahulo paramatthaṃ nibbānaṃ sacchikarotīti hāsapaññā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Katamā <a name="M0.0201"></a> javanapaññā? Yaṃ kiñci rūpaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā oḷārikaṃ vā sukhumaṃ vā hīnaṃ vā paṇītaṃ vā yaṃ dūre santike vā, sabbaṃ rūpaṃ aniccato khippaṃ javatīti javanapaññā. Dukkhato, anattato khippaṃ javatīti javanapaññā. Yā kāci vedanā…pe… yā kāci saññā… ye keci saṅkhārā… yaṃ kiñci viññāṇaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ…pe… yaṃ dūre santike vā, sabbaṃ viññāṇaṃ aniccato… dukkhato… anattato khippaṃ javatīti javanapaññā. Cakkhuṃ…pe… jarāmaraṇaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ aniccato… dukkhato… anattato khippaṃ javatīti javanapaññā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Rūpaṃ <a name="V0.0183"></a> atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ aniccaṃ khayaṭṭhena, dukkhaṃ bhayaṭṭhena, anattā asārakaṭṭhenāti tulayitvā tīrayitvā vibhāvayitvā vibhūtaṃ katvā rūpanirodhe nibbāne khippaṃ javatīti javanapaññā. Vedanā… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ… cakkhuṃ…pe… jarāmaraṇaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ aniccaṃ khayaṭṭhena, dukkhaṃ bhayaṭṭhena, anattā asārakaṭṭhenāti tulayitvā…pe… vibhūtaṃ katvā jarāmaraṇanirodhe nibbāne khippaṃ javatīti javanapaññā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Rūpaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ aniccaṃ saṅkhataṃ paṭiccasamuppannaṃ khayadhammaṃ vayadhammaṃ virāgadhammaṃ nirodhadhammanti tulayitvā…pe… <a name="P1.0232"></a> vibhūtaṃ katvā rūpanirodhe nibbāne khippaṃ javatīti javanapaññā. Vedanā…pe… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ… cakkhuṃ…pe… jarāmaraṇaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ aniccaṃ…pe… nirodhadhammanti tulayitvā…pe… vibhūtaṃ katvā jarāmaraṇanirodhe nibbāne khippaṃ javatīti javanapaññā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Katamā tikkhapaññā? Khippaṃ kilese chindatīti tikkhapaññā. Uppannaṃ kāmavitakkaṃ nādhivāseti. Uppannaṃ byāpādavitakkaṃ… uppannaṃ vihiṃsāvitakkaṃ… uppannuppanne pāpake akusale dhamme… uppannaṃ rāgaṃ… uppannaṃ dosaṃ… mohaṃ… kodhaṃ… upanāhaṃ… makkhaṃ… paḷāsaṃ… issaṃ… macchariyaṃ… māyaṃ… sāṭheyyaṃ… thambhaṃ… sārambhaṃ… mānaṃ… atimānaṃ… madaṃ… pamādaṃ… sabbe kilese… sabbe duccarite… sabbe abhisaṅkhāre… sabbe bhavagāmikamme nādhivāseti pajahati vinodeti byantīkaroti anabhāvaṃ gametīti tikkhapaññā. Ekamhi āsane cattāro ariyamaggā, cattāri ca sāmaññaphalāni, catasso ca paṭisambhidāyo, cha abhiññāyo adhigatā honti sacchikatā phassitā paññāyāti tikkhapaññā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Katamā <a name="M0.0202"></a> nibbedhikapaññā? Idhekacco sabbasaṅkhāresu ubbegabahulo hoti uttāsabahulo ukkaṇṭhanabahulo aratibahulo anabhiratibahulo bahimukho na ramati sabbasaṅkhāresu, anibbiddhapubbaṃ apadālitapubbaṃ lobhakkhandhaṃ nibbijjhati padāletīti nibbedhikapaññā. Anibbiddhapubbaṃ apadālitapubbaṃ dosakkhandhaṃ…pe… mohakkhandhaṃ… kodhaṃ… upanāhaṃ…pe… sabbe bhavagāmikamme nibbijjhati padāletīti nibbedhikapaññā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para28"></a><span class="paranum">28</span>. <span class="bld">Sa sabbadhammesu visenibhūto, yaṃ kiñci diṭṭhaṃ va sutaṃ mutaṃ vā</span>ti so bhūripañño khīṇāsavo yaṃ kiñci diṭṭhaṃ vā sutaṃ vā mutaṃ vā tesu sabbadhammesu mārasenaṃ vināsetvā ṭhitabhāvena <a name="V0.0184"></a> visenibhūto. <span class="bld">Tameva dassi</span>nti taṃ eva visuddhadassiṃ. <span class="bld">Vivaṭaṃ caranta</span>nti taṇhāchadanādivigamena vivaṭaṃ hutvā carantaṃ. <span class="bld">Kenīdha lokasmi vikappayeyyā</span>ti <a name="P1.0233"></a> kena idha loke taṇhākappena vā diṭṭhikappena vā koci vikappeyya, tesaṃ vā pahīnattā rāgādinā pubbe vuttenāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāmā te paṭhamā senā</span>tiādīsu catūsu gāthāsu ayamattho – yasmā āditova agāriyabhūte satte vatthukāmesu kilesa<span class="bld">kāmā</span> mohayanti, te abhibhuyya anagāriyabhāvaṃ upagatānaṃ pantesu vā senāsanesu, aññataraññataresu vā adhikusalesu dhammesu <span class="bld">arati</span> uppajjati. Vuttañcetaṃ – ‘‘pabbajitena kho, āvuso, abhirati dukkarā’’ti (saṃ. ni. 4.331). Tato te parapaṭibaddhajīvikattā <span class="bld">khuppipāsā</span> bādheti, tāya bādhitānaṃ pariyesana<span class="bld">taṇhā</span> cittaṃ kilamayati, atha nesaṃ kilantacittānaṃ <span class="bld">thinamiddhaṃ</span> okkamati tato visesamanadhigacchantānaṃ durabhisambhavesu araññavanapatthesu senāsanesu viharataṃ utrāsasaññitā <span class="bld">bhīru</span> jāyati, tesaṃ ussaṅkitaparisaṅkitānaṃ dīgharattaṃ vivekarasamanassādayamānānaṃ viharataṃ ‘‘na siyā nu kho esa maggo’’ti paṭipattiyaṃ <span class="bld">vicikicchā</span> uppajjati, taṃ vinodetvā viharataṃ appamattakena visesādhigamena <span class="bld">mānamakkhathambhā</span> jāyanti, tepi vinodetvā viharataṃ tato adhikataraṃ visesādhigamaṃ nissāya <span class="bld">lābhasakkārasilokā</span> uppajjanti, lābhādimucchitā dhammapaṭirūpakāni pakāsentā <span class="bld">micchāyasaṃ</span> adhigantvā tattha ṭhitā jātiādīhi <span class="bld">attānaṃ ukkaṃsenti, paraṃ vambhenti</span>. Tasmā kāmādīnaṃ paṭhamasenādibhāvo veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evametaṃ <a name="M0.0203"></a> dasavidhaṃ senaṃ uddisitvā yasmā sā kaṇhadhammasamannāgatattā kaṇhassa namucino upakārāya saṃvattati, tasmā naṃ ‘‘tava senā’’ti niddisanto āha – <span class="bld">‘‘esā namuci te senā, kaṇhassābhippahārinī’’</span>ti. Tattha <span class="bld">abhippahārinī</span>ti samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ ghātinī nippothinī, antarāyakarīti attho. <span class="bld">Na naṃ asūro jināti, jetvāva labhate sukha</span>nti evaṃ tava senaṃ asūro kāye ca jīvite ca sāpekkho puriso na jināti, sūro pana jināti, jetvāva maggasukhaṃ phalasukhañca adhigacchati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yato</span> <a name="P1.0234"></a> <span class="bld">catūhi ariyamaggehī</span>ti yadā catūhi niddosanibbānamagganasaṅkhātehi maggehi. <span class="bld">Mārasenā</span>ti mārassa senā vacanakarā kilesā. <span class="bld">Paṭisenikarā</span>ti paṭipakkhakarā. <span class="bld">Jitā cā</span>ti parājayamānā hanitā ca. <span class="bld">Parājitā cā</span>ti niggahitā ca. <span class="bld">Bhaggā</span>ti bhinnā. <span class="bld">Vippaluggā</span>ti cuṇṇavicuṇṇā. <span class="bld">Parammukhā</span>ti vimukhabhāvaṃ pāpitā. <span class="bld">Visenibhūto</span>ti nikkileso hutvā ṭhito.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vodātadassi</span>nti <a name="V0.0185"></a> byavadātadassiṃ. <span class="bld">Tāni chadanānī</span>ti etāni taṇhādikilesachadanāni. <span class="bld">Vivaṭānī</span>ti pākaṭīkatāni. <span class="bld">Viddhaṃsitānī</span>ti ṭhitaṭṭhānato apahatāni. <span class="bld">Ugghāṭitānī</span>ti uppāṭitāni. <span class="bld">Samugghāṭitānī</span>ti visesena uppāṭitāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para29"></a><span class="paranum">29</span>. <span class="bld">Na kappayantī</span>ti gāthāya sambandho attho ca – kiñca bhiyyo? Te hi tādisā santo dvinnaṃ kappānaṃ purekkhārānañca kenaci <span class="bld">na kappayanti, na purekkharonti</span>. Paramatthaṃ accantasuddhiṃ adhigatattā anaccantasuddhiṃyeva akiriyasassatadiṭṭhiṃ <span class="bld">‘‘accantasuddhī’’ti na te vadanti. Ādānaganthaṃ gatitaṃ visajjā</span>ti catubbidhampi rūpādīnaṃ ādāyakattā ādānaganthaṃ attano cittasantāne gathitaṃ baddhaṃ ariyamaggasatthena vissajja chinditvā. Sesaṃ pākaṭameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Accantasuddhi</span>nti accantaṃ paramatthaṃ suddhiṃ. <span class="bld">Saṃsārasuddhi</span>nti saṃsārato suddhiṃ. <span class="bld">Akiriyadiṭṭhi</span>nti karoto na karīyati pāpanti akiriyadiṭṭhiṃ. <span class="bld">Sassatavāda</span>nti ‘‘nicco dhuvo sassato’’ti vacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Na vadanti</span> na kathenti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ganthā</span>ti <a name="M0.0204"></a> nāmakāyaṃ ganthenti, cutipaṭisandhivasena vaṭṭasmiṃ ghaṭentīti ganthā. Abhijjhā ca sā nāmakāyaghaṭanavasena gantho cāti <span class="bld">abhijjhākāyagantho</span>. Hitasukhaṃ byāpādayatīti <span class="bld">byāpādo</span>. Byāpādo ca so vuttanayena gantho cāti <span class="bld">byāpādo kāyagantho. Sīlabbataparāmāso</span>ti ‘‘ito bahiddhā samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ sīlena suddhi vatena suddhī’’ti (dha. sa. 1143, 1222) parato āmāso. <span class="bld">Idaṃsaccābhiniveso</span>ti sabbaññubhāsitampi paṭikkhipitvā ‘‘sassato loko, idameva saccaṃ, moghamañña’’nti <a name="P1.0235"></a> (dha. sa. 1144) iminā ākārena abhiniveso idaṃsaccābhiniveso. <span class="bld">Attano diṭṭhiyā rāgo</span>ti attanā abhinivisitvā gahitāya diṭṭhiyā chandarāgo. <span class="bld">Paravādesu āghāto</span>ti parassa vacanesu kopo. <span class="bld">Appaccayo</span>ti atuṭṭhākāro. <span class="bld">Attano sīlaṃ vā</span>ti attanā samādinnaṃ gosīlādisīlaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Attano diṭṭhī</span>ti attanā gahitā parāmaṭṭhā diṭṭhi. <span class="bld">Tehi ganthehī</span>ti etehi vuttehi nāmakāyaghaṭanehi. <span class="bld">Rūpaṃ ādiyantī</span>ti catusamuṭṭhānikaṃ rūpārammaṇaṃ ādiyanti gaṇhanti. <span class="bld">Upādiyantī</span>ti upagantvā gaṇhanti taṇhāgahaṇena. <span class="bld">Parāmasanti</span> diṭṭhigahaṇena. <span class="bld">Abhinivisanti</span> mānagahaṇena. <span class="bld">Vaṭṭa</span>nti tebhūmakavaṭṭaṃ. <span class="bld">Ganthe</span>ti bandhane.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vosajjitvā vā</span>ti sammā vissajjitvā vā. <span class="bld">Gathite</span>ti bandhane. <span class="bld">Ganthite</span>ti ganthanena ganthite. <span class="bld">Vibandhe</span>ti visesena bandhe. <span class="bld">Ābandhe</span>ti anekavidhena bandhe. <span class="bld">Palibuddhe</span>ti amuñcite. <span class="bld">Bandhane poṭayitvā</span>ti taṇhāmānadiṭṭhibandhanāni pappoṭayitvā. <span class="bld">Visajjā</span>ti cajitvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ime <a name="V0.0186"></a> pana cattāro ganthe kilesapaṭipāṭiyāpi āharituṃ vaṭṭati, maggapaṭipāṭiyāpi – kilesapaṭipāṭiyā abhijjhākāyagantho arahattamaggena pahīyati, byāpādo kāyagantho anāgāmimaggena, sīlabbataparāmāso kāyagantho idaṃsaccābhiniveso kāyagantho sotāpattimaggena. Maggapaṭipāṭiyā sīlabbataparāmāso kāyagantho idaṃsaccābhiniveso kāyagantho sotāpattimaggena, byāpādo kāyagantho anāgāmimaggena, abhijjhākāyagantho arahattamaggenāti. Ete cattāro ganthā yassa saṃvijjanti, taṃ cutipaṭisandhivasena vaṭṭasmiṃ ganthenti ghaṭentīti ganthā. Te catuppabhedā abhijjhāyanti etāya, sayaṃ vā abhijjhāyati, abhijjhāyanamattameva vā esāti <span class="bld">abhijjhā</span>. Lobhoyeva <a name="M0.0205"></a> nāmakāyaṃ gantheti cutipaṭisandhivasena vaṭṭasmiṃ ghaṭetīti <span class="bld">kāyagantho</span>. Byāpajjati tena cittaṃ pūtibhāvaṃ gacchati, byāpādayati <a name="P1.0236"></a> vā vinayācārarūpasampattihitasukhādīnīti <span class="bld">byāpādo</span>. ‘‘Ito bahiddhā samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ sīlena suddhi vatena suddhī’’ti parāmasanaṃ sīlabbataparāmāso, sabbaññubhāsitampi paṭikkhipitvā ‘‘sassato loko, idameva saccaṃ, moghamañña’’ntiādinā ākārena abhinivisatīti idaṃsaccābhiniveso. <span class="bld">Yathā vayhaṃ vā</span>tiādiṃ vayhādivisaṅkharaṇaṃ ganthānaṃ viyogakaraṇe upamaṃ dassento āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na janentī</span>ti na uppādenti. <span class="bld">Na sañjanentī</span>ti na nibbattenti. <span class="bld">Nābhinibbattentī</span>ti upasaggavasena padaṃ vaḍḍhitaṃ. Na sañjanentīti uppādakkhaṇaṃ. Na nibbattenti nābhinibbattentīti pavattikkhaṇaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para30"></a><span class="paranum">30</span>. <span class="bld">Sīmātigo</span>ti gāthā ekapuggalādhiṭṭhānāya desanāya vuttā. Pubbasadiso eva panassā sambandho, so evaṃ atthavaṇṇanāya saddhiṃ veditabbo – kiñca bhiyyo? So īdiso bhūripañño catunnaṃ kilesasīmānaṃ atītattā <span class="bld">sīmātigo,</span> bāhitapāpattā ca <span class="bld">brāhmaṇo,</span> itthambhūtassa ca <span class="bld">tassa natthi,</span> paracittapubbenivāsañāṇehi <span class="bld">ñatvā</span> vā maṃsadibbacakkhūhi <span class="bld">disvā</span> vā kiñci <span class="bld">samuggahītaṃ,</span> abhiniviṭṭhanti vuttaṃ hoti. So ca kāmarāgābhāvato <span class="bld">na rāgarāgī</span> rūpārūparāgābhāvato <span class="bld">na virāgaratto,</span> yato evaṃvidhassa <span class="bld">tassa</span> ‘‘idaṃ parama’’nti kiñci <span class="bld">idha uggahītaṃ natthī</span>ti arahattanikūṭena desanaṃ niṭṭhāpesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Catasso sīmāyo</span>ti cattāro paricchedā. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhānusayo</span>ti diṭṭhi ca sā appahīnaṭṭhena anusayo cāti diṭṭhānusayo. <span class="bld">Vicikicchānusayā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo. Kenaṭṭhena anusayā? Anusayanaṭṭhena. Ko esa anusayaṭṭho nāmāti? Appahīnaṭṭho. Ete hi appahīnaṭṭhena tassa tassa <a name="V0.0187"></a> santāne anusenti nāma, tasmā ‘‘anusayā’’ti vuccanti. <span class="bld">Anusentī</span>ti anurūpaṃ kāraṇaṃ labhitvā uppajjantīti attho. Athāpi siyā – anusayaṭṭho nāma appahīnākāro, appahīnākāro ca ‘‘uppajjatī’’ti vattuṃ na yujjati, tasmā na anusayā uppajjantīti. Tatridaṃ paṭivacanaṃ – appahīnākāro anusayo, anusayoti pana appahīnaṭṭhena thāmagatā kilesā vuccanti. So cittasampayutto sārammaṇo sappaccayaṭṭhena <a name="M0.0206"></a> sahetuko ekantākusalo atītopi hoti anāgatopi paccuppannopi, tasmā ‘‘uppajjatī’’ti vattuṃ yujjati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatridaṃ <a name="P1.0237"></a> pamāṇaṃ – <span class="bld">paṭisambhidāyaṃ</span> tāva abhisamayakathāyaṃ (paṭi. ma. 3.21) ‘‘paccuppanne kilese pajahatī’’ti pucchitvā anusayānaṃ paccuppannabhāvassa atthitāya ‘‘thāmagato anusayaṃ pajahatī’’ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Dhammasaṅgaṇiyaṃ</span> mohassa padabhājane (dha. sa. 390) ‘‘avijjānusayo avijjāpariyuṭṭhānaṃ, avijjālaṅgī moho akusalamūlaṃ, ayaṃ tasmiṃ samaye moho hotī’’ti akusalacittena saddhiṃ avijjānusayassa uppannabhāvo vutto. <span class="bld">Kathāvatthusmiṃ</span> ‘‘anusayā abyākatā anusayā ahetukā anusayā cittavippayuttā’’ti (kathā. 605) sabbe vādā paṭisedhitā. <span class="bld">Anusayayamake</span> sattannaṃ mahāvārānaṃ aññatarasmiṃ uppajjanavāre ‘‘yassa kāmarāgānusayo uppajjati tassa paṭighānusayo uppajjatī’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Tasmā ‘‘anusentīti anurūpaṃ kāraṇaṃ labhitvā uppajjantī’’ti yaṃ vuttaṃ, taṃ iminā tantippamāṇena suvuttanti veditabbaṃ. Yampi ‘‘cittasampayutto sārammaṇo’’tiādi vuttaṃ, tampi suvuttameva. Anusayo hi nāmesa parinipphanno cittasampayutto akusaladhammoti niṭṭhamettha gantabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha diṭṭhānusayo catūsu diṭṭhisampayuttesu, vicikicchānusayo vicikicchāsahagate, avijjānusayo dvādasasu akusalacittesu sahajātavasena ārammaṇavasena ca; tayopi avasesatebhūmakadhammesu ārammaṇavasena diṭṭhivicikicchāmohā. Kāmarāgānusayo cettha lobhasahagatacittesu sahajātavasena ārammaṇavasena ca, manāpesu avasesakāmāvacaradhammesu ārammaṇavasena uppajjamāno lobho. Paṭighānusayo domanassasahagatacittesu sahajātavasena ārammaṇavasena ca, amanāpesu avasesakāmāvacaradhammesu ārammaṇavaseneva uppajjamāno doso. Mānānusayo diṭṭhivippayuttalobhasahagatacittesu sahajātavasena ārammaṇavasena ca, dukkhavedanāvajjesu avasesakāmāvacaradhammesu rūpārūpāvacaradhammesu ca ārammaṇavaseneva uppajjamāno māno. Bhavarāgānusayo catūsu diṭṭhivippayuttesu uppajjamānopi <a name="P1.0238"></a><a name="M0.0207"></a> sahajātavasena vutto. Ārammaṇavaseneva pana rūpārūpāvacaradhammesu uppajjamāno lobho vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="V0.0188"></a> <span class="bld">diṭṭhānusayo</span>ti dvāsaṭṭhividhā diṭṭhi. <span class="bld">Vicikicchānusayo</span>ti aṭṭhavatthukā vicikicchā. <span class="bld">Tadekaṭṭhā ca kilesā</span>ti sahajekaṭṭhavasena diṭṭhiyā vicikicchāya, sahajekaṭṭhavasena ekato ṭhitā. <span class="bld">Mānānusayo</span>ti navavidhamāno. <span class="bld">Paramatthañāṇena vā ñatvā</span>ti paresaṃ cittācārajānanapaññāya jānitvā, cetopariyañāṇena jānitvāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇena vā</span>ti atīte nivuṭṭhakkhandhānussaraṇañāṇena jānitvā. <span class="bld">Maṃsacakkhunā vā</span>ti pakaticakkhunā. <span class="bld">Dibbacakkhunā vā</span>ti dibbasadisena dibbavihārasannissitena vā dibbacakkhunā passitvā. <span class="bld">Rāgarattā</span>ti rāgena rañjitā. <span class="bld">Ye pañcasu kāmaguṇesū</span>ti ye pañcasu rūpādivatthukāmakoṭṭhāsesu. <span class="bld">Virāgarattā</span>ti virāgasaṅkhātāsu rūpārūpasamāpattīsu atirattā allīnā. <span class="bld">Yato kāmarāgo cā</span>ti yadā kāmabhave rāgo ca. <span class="bld">Rūpārūparāgesu</span>pi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="centered">Saddhammappajjotikāya mahāniddesaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Suddhaṭṭhakasuttaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter">5. Paramaṭṭhakasuttaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para31"></a><span class="paranum">31</span>. Pañcame <a name="V0.0189"></a><a name="P1.0239"></a> paramaṭṭhakasutte <span class="bld">paramanti diṭṭhīsu paribbasāno</span>ti idaṃ paramanti gahetvā sakāya sakāya diṭṭhiyā vasamāno. <span class="bld">Yaduttariṃ kurute</span>ti yaṃ attano satthārādiṃ seṭṭhaṃ karoti. <span class="bld">Hīnāti aññe tato sabbamāhā</span>ti taṃ attano satthārādiṃ ṭhapetvā tato aññe sabbe ‘‘hīnā ime’’ti āha. <span class="bld">Tasmā vivādāni avītivatto</span>ti tena kāraṇena so diṭṭhikalahe avītivattova hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vasantī</span>ti paṭhamuppannadiṭṭhivasena vasanti. <span class="bld">Pavasantī</span>ti pavisitvā vasanti. <span class="bld">Āvasantī</span>ti visesena vasanti. <span class="bld">Parivasantī</span>ti sabbabhāgena vasanti. Taṃ upamāya sādhento <span class="bld">‘‘yathā āgārikā vā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Āgārikā vā</span>ti gharasāmikā. <span class="bld">Gharesu vasantī</span>ti attano gharesu āsaṅkavirahitā hutvā nivasanti. <span class="bld">Sāpattikā vā</span>ti āpattibahulā. <span class="bld">Sakilesā vā</span>ti <a name="M0.0208"></a> rāgādikilesabahulā. <span class="bld">Uttariṃ karotī</span>ti atirekaṃ karoti. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ satthā sabbaññū</span>ti ‘ayaṃ amhākaṃ satthā sabbaṃ jānāti’.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbe parappavāde khipatī</span>ti sabbā paraladdhiyo chaḍḍeti. <span class="bld">Ukkhipatī</span>ti nīharati. <span class="bld">Parikkhipatī</span>ti parammukhe karoti. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhimedhagānī</span>ti diṭṭhivihesakāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para32"></a><span class="paranum">32</span>. Dutiyagāthāyattho – evaṃ avītivatto ca <span class="bld">yaṃ diṭṭhe sute sīlavate mute</span>ti etesu catūsu vatthūsu uppannadiṭṭhisaṅkhāte <span class="bld">attani</span> pubbe vuttappakāraṃ <span class="bld">ānisaṃsaṃ passati, tadeva so tattha</span> sakāya diṭṭhiyā ānisaṃsaṃ ‘‘idaṃ seṭṭha’’nti abhinivisitvā <span class="bld">aññaṃ sabbaṃ</span> parasatthārādikaṃ <span class="bld">nihīnato passati</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dve ānisaṃse passatī</span>ti dve guṇe oloketi. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhadhammikañcā</span>ti <a name="P1.0240"></a> diṭṭhe paccakkhe attabhāve <a name="V0.0190"></a> vipaccanakaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Samparāyikañcā</span>ti paraloke paṭilabhitabbaguṇañca. <span class="bld">Yaṃdiṭṭhiko satthā</span>ti yaṃladdhiko titthāyatanasāmiko. <span class="bld">Alaṃ nāgattāya vā</span>ti nāgarājabhāvāya vā pariyattaṃ. <span class="bld">Supaṇṇattā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Devattāya vā</span>ti sammutidevādibhāvāya. <span class="bld">Āyatiṃ phalapāṭikaṅkhī hotī</span>ti anāgate vipākaphalaṃ patthayāno hoti. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhasuddhiyāpi dve ānisaṃse passatī</span>ti cakkhuviññāṇena diṭṭharūpāyatanassa vasena suddhiyā hetuttāpi attano gahitagahaṇena dve guṇe oloketi. <span class="bld">Sutasuddhiyā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para33"></a><span class="paranum">33</span>. Tatiyagāthāyattho – evaṃ passato ca <span class="bld">yaṃ</span> attano satthārādiṃ <span class="bld">nissito aññaṃ</span> parasatthārādiṃ <span class="bld">hīnaṃ passati, taṃ</span> pana dassanaṃ <span class="bld">gantha</span>meva <span class="bld">kusalā vadanti,</span> bandhananti vuttaṃ hoti. Yasmā etadeva, <span class="bld">tasmā hi diṭṭhaṃ va sutaṃ mutaṃ vā, sīlabbataṃ bhikkhu na nissayeyya,</span> nābhiniveseyyāti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kusalā</span>ti khandhādijānane chekā. <span class="bld">Khandhakusalā</span>ti rūpādīsu pañcasu khandhesu kusalā. <span class="bld">Dhātuāyatanapaṭiccasamuppādasatipaṭṭhānasammappadhānaiddhipādaindriyabalabojjhaṅgamaggaphalanibbānesu</span>pi eseva nayo. Tattha <span class="bld">maggakusalā</span>ti catūsu maggesu. <span class="bld">Phalakusalā</span>ti catūsu phalesu. <span class="bld">Nibbānakusalā</span>ti duvidhe nibbāne chekā. <span class="bld">Te kusalā</span>ti te etesu vuttappakāresu <a name="M0.0209"></a> chekā. <span class="bld">Evaṃ vadantī</span>ti evaṃ kathenti. <span class="bld">Gantho eso</span>ti passato ca attano satthārādinissitañca aññaṃ parasatthārādiṃ hīnato dassanañca gantho bandhano esoti vadanti. <span class="bld">Lagganaṃ eta</span>nti etaṃ vuttappakāraṃ nāgadante laggitaṃ viya adholambanaṃ. <span class="bld">Bandhanaṃ eta</span>nti nicchindituṃ dukkhaṭṭhena saṅkhalikādibandhanaṃ <a name="P1.0241"></a> viya etaṃ bandhanaṃ. <span class="bld">Palibodho eso</span>ti saṃsārato nikkhamituṃ appadānaṭṭhena eso palibodho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para34"></a><span class="paranum">34</span>. Catutthagāthāyattho – na kevalaṃ diṭṭhasutādīsu na nissayeyya, apica kho pana asañjātaṃ uparūpari <span class="bld">diṭṭhimpi lokasmiṃ na kappayeyya,</span> na janeyyāti vuttaṃ hoti. Kīdisaṃ? <span class="bld">Ñāṇena vā sīlavatena vāpi,</span> samāpattiñāṇādiñāṇena vā sīlavatena vā yā kappiyati, etaṃ diṭṭhiṃ na kappeyya. Na kevalañca diṭṭhiṃ na kappayeyya, apica kho pana mānenapi jātiādīhi vatthūhi <span class="bld">samoti attānamanūpaneyya, hīno na maññetha visesi vāpī</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aṭṭhasamāpattiñāṇena vā</span>ti paṭhamajjhānādīnaṃ aṭṭhannaṃ samāpattīnaṃ sampayuttapaññāya vā. <span class="bld">Pañcābhiññāñāṇena vā</span>ti lokiyānaṃ pañcannaṃ abhiññānaṃ sampayuttapaññāya vā. <span class="bld">Micchāñāṇena vā</span>ti <a name="V0.0191"></a> viparītasabhāvena pavattāya paññāya amutte muttaṃ passāti evaṃ uppannena micchāñāṇena vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para35"></a><span class="paranum">35</span>. Pañcamagāthāyattho – evañhi diṭṭhiṃ akappento amaññamāno ca <span class="bld">attaṃ pahāya anupādiyāno</span> yaṃ pubbe gahitaṃ, taṃ pahāya paraṃ aggaṇhanto tasmimpi vuttappakāre ñāṇe duvidhaṃ <span class="bld">nissayaṃ no karoti,</span> akaronto ca <span class="bld">sa ve viyattesu</span> nānādiṭṭhivasena bhinnesu sattesu <span class="bld">na vaggasārī</span> chandādivasena agacchanadhammo hutvā dvāsaṭṭhiyā diṭṭhīsu <span class="bld">kiñci diṭṭhiṃ na pacceti,</span> na paccāgacchatīti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Catūhi upādānehī</span>ti kāmupādānādīhi catūhi bhusaṃ gahaṇehi <span class="bld">sa ve viyattesū</span>ti so puggalo nicchitesu. <span class="bld">Bhinnesū</span>ti dvidhā bhinnesu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para36"></a><span class="paranum">36</span>. Idāni yo so imāya gāthāya vutto khīṇāsavo, tassa vaṇṇabhaṇanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yassūbhayante’’</span>tiādikā tisso gāthāyo āha. Tattha paṭhamagāthāya <span class="bld">yassūbhayante</span>ti pubbe vutte phassādibhede. <span class="bld">Paṇidhī</span>ti <a name="M0.0210"></a> taṇhā. <span class="bld">Bhavābhavāyā</span>ti punappunabhavāya<a name="P1.0242"></a>. <span class="bld">Idha vā huraṃ vā</span>ti sakattabhāvādibhede idha vā parattabhāvādibhede parattha vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Phasso eko anto</span>ti cakkhusamphassādiko eko koṭṭhāso. <span class="bld">Phassasamudayo</span>ti vatthārammaṇo. Yato samudeti uppajjati, so samudayo. <span class="bld">Dutiyo anto</span>ti dutiyo koṭṭhāso. <span class="bld">Atīta</span>nti ati itaṃ atītaṃ, atikkantanti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Anāgata</span>nti na āgataṃ, anuppannanti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Sukhā vedanā</span>dayo visabhāgavasena. <span class="bld">Nāmarūpa</span>dukaṃ namanaruppanavasena. <span class="bld">Ajjhattikā</span>dayo ajjhattabāhiravasena. <span class="bld">Sakkāyā</span>dayo khandhapañcakānaṃ pavattisamudayavasena vuttāti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sakattabhāvo</span>ti attano attabhāvo. <span class="bld">Parattabhāvo</span>ti parassa attabhāvo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para37"></a><span class="paranum">37</span>. Dutiyagāthāya <span class="bld">diṭṭhe vā</span>ti diṭṭhasuddhiyā vā. Esa nayo <span class="bld">sutā</span>dīsu. <span class="bld">Saññā</span>ti saññāsamuṭṭhāpikā diṭṭhi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aparāmasanta</span>nti <a name="V0.0192"></a> taṇhāmānadiṭṭhīhi na parāmasantaṃ. <span class="bld">Anabhinivesanta</span>nti teheva anabhinivisantaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Vinibaddho’’ti vā</span>ti mānena vinibaddhoti vā. <span class="bld">‘‘Parāmaṭṭho’’ti vā</span>ti parato niccasukhasubhādīhi parāmaṭṭhoti vā. <span class="bld">Vikkhepagato</span>ti uddhaccavasena. <span class="bld">Aniṭṭhaṅgato</span>ti vicikicchāvasena. <span class="bld">Thāmagato</span>ti anusayavasena. <span class="bld">Gatiyā</span>ti gantabbavasena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para38"></a><span class="paranum">38</span>. Tatiyagāthāya <span class="bld">dhammāpi tesaṃ na paṭicchitāse</span>ti dvāsaṭṭhidiṭṭhigatadhammāpi tesaṃ ‘‘idameva saccaṃ, moghamañña’’nti (udā. 54) evaṃ na paṭicchitā. <span class="bld">Pāraṅgato na pacceti tādī</span>ti nibbānapāraṃ gato tena tena maggena pahīne kilese puna nāgacchati pañcahi ca ākārehi tādī hotīti. Sesaṃ pākaṭameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vīsativatthukā sakkāyadiṭṭhī</span>ti ‘‘rūpaṃ attato samanupassatī’’tiādinā (paṭi. ma. 1.132) nayena ekekasmiṃ khandhe catūhi catūhi ākārehi pañcakkhandhe patiṭṭhaṃ katvā pavattā vijjamāne kāye diṭṭhi. <span class="bld">Dasavatthukā</span> <a name="P1.0243"></a> <span class="bld">micchādiṭṭhī</span>ti ‘‘natthi <a name="M0.0211"></a> dinna’’ntiādinayappavattā (dha. sa. 1221) diṭṭhi. <span class="bld">Antaggāhikādiṭṭhī</span>ti ‘‘sassato loko idameva saccaṃ, moghamañña’’ntiādinayappavattā (ma. ni. 3.27) ekekaṃ antaṃ atthīti gahetvā pavattā diṭṭhi. <span class="bld">Yā evarūpā diṭṭhī</span>ti idāni vuccamānānaṃ ekūnavīsapadānaṃ sādhāraṇaṃ mūlapadaṃ. Yā diṭṭhi, tadeva <span class="bld">diṭṭhigataṃ;</span> yā diṭṭhi, tadeva <span class="bld">diṭṭhigahana</span>nti sabbesaṃ sambandho kātabbo. Yā ayāthāvadassanaṭṭhena diṭṭhi, tadeva diṭṭhīsu gataṃ dassanaṃ dvāsaṭṭhidiṭṭhiyā antogatattāti <span class="bld">diṭṭhigataṃ</span>. Heṭṭhāpissa attho vuttoyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dvinnaṃ antānaṃ ekantagatattātipi <span class="bld">diṭṭhigataṃ</span>. Tattha <span class="bld">sassato</span>ti nicco. <span class="bld">Loko</span>ti attā. ‘‘Idha sarīraṃyeva nassati, attā pana idha parattha ca soyevā’’ti maññanti. So hi sāmaññeva āloketīti katvā lokoti maññati. <span class="bld">Asassato</span>ti anicco. Attā sarīreneva saha nassatīti maññanti. <span class="bld">Antavā</span>ti paritte kasiṇe jhānaṃ uppādetvā taṃ parittakasiṇārammaṇaṃ cetanaṃ ‘‘sapariyanto attā’’ti maññanti. <span class="bld">Ananta vā</span>ti na antavā appamāṇe kasiṇe jhānaṃ uppādetvā taṃ appamāṇakasiṇārammaṇaṃ cetanaṃ ‘‘apariyanto attā’’ti maññanti. <span class="bld">Taṃ jīvaṃ taṃ sarīra</span>nti jīvo ca sarīrañca taṃyeva. Jīvoti attā, liṅgavipallāsena napuṃsakavacanaṃ kataṃ. <span class="bld">Sarīra</span>nti rāsaṭṭhena khandhapañcakaṃ. <span class="bld">Aññaṃ jīvaṃ aññaṃ sarīra</span>nti añño jīvo aññaṃ khandhapañcakaṃ<a name="V0.0193"></a>. <span class="bld">Hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā</span>ti khandhā idheva vinassanti, satto maraṇato paraṃ hoti vijjati na nassati, <span class="bld">tathāgato</span>ti cetaṃ sattādhivacananti. Keci pana <span class="bld">‘‘tathāgato</span>ti arahā’’ti vadanti. Ime <span class="bld">na hotī</span>ti pakkhe dosaṃ disvā evaṃ gaṇhanti. <span class="bld">Na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā</span>ti khandhāpi idheva nassanti<a name="P1.0244"></a>, tathāgato ca maraṇato paraṃ na hoti ucchijjati. Ime <span class="bld">hotī</span>ti pakkhe dosaṃ disvā evaṃ gaṇhanti. <span class="bld">Hoti ca na ca hotī</span>ti ime ekekapakkhapariggahe dosaṃ disvā ubhayapakkhaṃ gaṇhanti. <span class="bld">Neva hoti na na hotī</span>ti ime ubhayapakkhapariggahe ubhayadosāpattiṃ disvā ‘‘hoti ca na hotī’’ti ca ‘‘neva hoti na na hotī’’ti ca amarāvikkhepapakkhaṃ gaṇhanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ayaṃ panettha aṭṭhakathānayo (paṭi. ma. aṭṭha. 2.1.113) – ‘‘sassato loko’’ti vātiādīhi dasahākārehi diṭṭhipabhedova vutto. Tattha <span class="bld">sassato</span> <span class="bld">loko</span>ti <a name="M0.0212"></a> ca khandhapañcakaṃ lokoti gahetvā ‘‘ayaṃ loko nicco dhuvo sabbakāliko’’ti gaṇhantassa sassatanti gahaṇākārappavattā diṭṭhi. <span class="bld">Asassato</span>ti tameva lokaṃ ‘‘ucchijjati vinassatī’’ti gaṇhantassa ucchedaggahaṇākārappavattā diṭṭhi. <span class="bld">Antavā</span>ti parittakasiṇalābhino suppamatte vā sarāvamatte vā kasiṇe samāpannassa antosamāpattiyaṃ pavattitarūpārūpadhamme ‘‘loko’’ti ca kasiṇaparicchedantena ‘‘antavā’’ti ca gaṇhantassa ‘‘antavā loko’’ti gahaṇākārappavattā diṭṭhi. Sā sassatadiṭṭhipi hoti ucchedadiṭṭhipi. Vipulakasiṇalābhino pana tasmiṃ kasiṇe samāpannassa antosamāpattiyaṃ pavattitarūpārūpadhamme ‘‘loko’’ti ca kasiṇaparicchedantena ca ‘‘ananto’’ti gaṇhantassa ‘‘anantavā loko’’ti gahaṇākārappavattā diṭṭhi. Sā sassatadiṭṭhi hoti, ucchedadiṭṭhipi. <span class="bld">Taṃ jīvaṃ taṃ sarīra</span>nti bhedanadhammassa sarīrasseva ‘‘jīva’’nti gahitattā ‘‘sarīre ucchijjamāne jīvampi ucchijjatī’’ti ucchedaggahaṇākārappavattā diṭṭhi. Dutiyapadena sarīrato aññassa jīvassa gahitattā ‘‘sarīre ca ucchijjamānepi jīvaṃ na ucchijjatī’’ti sassatagahaṇākārappavattā diṭṭhi. <span class="bld">Hoti tathāgato</span>tiādīsu ‘‘satto tathāgato nāma, so paraṃ maraṇā hotī’’ti gaṇhato paṭhamā sassatadiṭṭhi. ‘‘Na hotī’’ti gaṇhato dutiyā ucchedadiṭṭhi. ‘‘Hoti ca na ca hotī’’ti gaṇhato tatiyā ekaccasassatadiṭṭhi. ‘‘Neva hoti na na hotī’’ti gaṇhato catutthā amarāvikkhepadiṭṭhīti vuttappakārā dasavidhā diṭṭhi. Yathāyogaṃ bhavadiṭṭhi ca vibhavadiṭṭhi cāti dvidhā hoti. Tāsu ekāpi tesaṃ khīṇāsavānaṃ na paṭicchitāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ye kilesā</span>ti ye kilesā <span class="bld">sotāpattimaggena pahīnā,</span> te kilese<a name="P1.0245"></a>. <span class="bld">Na punetī</span>ti na puna eti<a name="V0.0194"></a>. <span class="bld">Na paccetī</span>ti puna nibbattetvā na paṭieti, <span class="bld">na paccāgacchatī</span>ti paccabhave nāgacchati. <span class="bld">Pañcahākārehi tādī</span>ti pañcahi kāraṇehi koṭṭhāsehi vā sadiso. <span class="bld">Iṭṭhāniṭṭhe tādī</span>ti iṭṭhārammaṇe ca aniṭṭhārammaṇe ca anunayapaṭighaṃ muñcitvā ṭhitattā dvīsu sadiso. <span class="bld">Cattāvī</span>ti kilese cajitavā. <span class="bld">Tiṇṇāvī</span>ti saṃsāraṃ atikkamitavā. <span class="bld">Muttāvī</span>ti rāgādito muttavā. <span class="bld">Taṃniddesā tādī</span>ti tena tena sīlasaddhādinā niddisitvā niddisitvā kathetabbato sadiso.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Taṃ <a name="M0.0213"></a> pañcavidhaṃ vitthāretvā kathetukāmo <span class="bld">‘‘kathaṃ arahā iṭṭhāniṭṭhe tādī’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">lābhepī</span>ti catunnaṃ paccayānaṃ lābhepi. <span class="bld">Alābhepī</span>ti tesaṃ alābhepi. <span class="bld">Yasepī</span>ti parivārepi. <span class="bld">Ayasepī</span>ti parivāravipattiyāpi. <span class="bld">Pasaṃsāyapī</span>ti vaṇṇabhaṇanāyapi. <span class="bld">Nindāyapī</span>ti garahāyapi. <span class="bld">Sukhepī</span>ti kāyikasukhepi. <span class="bld">Dukkhepī</span>ti kāyikadukkhepi. <span class="bld">Ekañce bāhaṃ gandhena limpeyyu</span>nti sace ekaṃ bāhaṃ catujātiyagandhena lepaṃ uparūpari dadeyyuṃ. <span class="bld">Vāsiyā taccheyyu</span>nti yadi ekaṃ bāhaṃ vaḍḍhakī vāsiyā tacchetvā tacchetvā tanuṃ kareyyuṃ. <span class="bld">Amusmiṃ natthi rāgo</span>ti amusmiṃ gandhalepane sineho natthi na saṃvijjati. <span class="bld">Amusmiṃ natthi paṭigha</span>nti amusmiṃ vāsiyā tacchane paṭihananasaṅkhātaṃ paṭighaṃ kopaṃ natthi na saṃvijjati. <span class="bld">Anunayapaṭighavippahīno</span>ti sinehañca kopañca pajahitvā ṭhito. <span class="bld">Ugghātinighātivītivatto</span>ti anunayavasena anuggahañca paṭighavasena niggahañca atikkamitvā ṭhito. <span class="bld">Anurodhavirodhasamatikkanto</span>ti anunayañca paṭighañca sammā atikkanto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sīle satī</span>ti sīle saṃvijjamāne. <span class="bld">Sīlavā</span>ti sīlasampanno. Tena niddesaṃ kathanaṃ labhatīti <span class="bld">tādī. Saddhāya sati saddho</span>ti evamādīsupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="centered">Saddhammappajjotikāya mahāniddesaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Paramaṭṭhakasuttaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter">6. Jarāsuttaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para39"></a><span class="paranum">39</span>. Chaṭṭhe <a name="V0.0195"></a><a name="P2.0247"></a> jarāsutte <span class="bld">appaṃ vata jīvitaṃ ida</span>nti idaṃ vata manussānaṃ jīvitaṃ appakaṃ parittaṃ ṭhitiparittatāya sarasaparittatāyāti guhaṭṭhakasuttepi vuttanayametaṃ. <span class="bld">Oraṃ vassasatāpi miyyatī</span>ti vassasatā oraṃ kalalādikālepi miyyati. <span class="bld">Aticcā</span>ti vassasataṃ atikkamitvā. <span class="bld">Jarasāpi miyyatī</span>ti jarāya miyyati. Ito paraṃ guhaṭṭhakasuttavaṇṇanāya vuttanayeneva gahetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Appa</span>nti <a name="M0.0214"></a> mandaṃ. <span class="bld">Gamanīyo samparāyo</span>ti paraloko gantabbo. <span class="bld">Kalalakālepī</span>ti ettha kalalakālaṃ nāma paṭisandhikkhaṇe tīhi jātiuṇṇaṃsūhi katasuttagge ṭhitatelabinduppamāṇaṃ acchaṃ vippasannakalalaṃ hoti. Yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Tilatelassa yathā bindu, sappimaṇḍo anāvilo;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Evaṃ vaṇṇappaṭibhāgaṃ, kalalaṃ sampavuccatī’’ti. (saṃ. ni. aṭṭha. 1.1.235; vibha. aṭṭha. 26 pakiṇṇakakathā);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tasmiṃ <a name="V0.0196"></a> kalalakālepi. <span class="bld">Cavatī</span>ti jīvitaṃ gaḷati. <span class="bld">Maratī</span>ti jīvitaviyogaṃ āpajjati. <span class="bld">Antaradhāyatī</span>ti adassanaṃ pāpuṇāti. <span class="bld">Vippalujjatī</span>ti chijjati. ‘‘Aṇḍajayoniyā <span class="bld">cavati</span>. Jalābujayoniyā <span class="bld">marati</span>. Saṃsedajayoniyā <span class="bld">antaradhāyati</span>. Opapātikayoniyā <span class="bld">vippalujjatī’’</span>ti evameke vaṇṇayanti. <span class="bld">Abbudakālepī</span>ti abbudaṃ nāma kalalato sattāhaccayena maṃsadhovanaudakavaṇṇaṃ hoti, kalalanti nāmaṃ antaradhāyati. Vuttampi cetaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Sattāhaṃ <a name="P2.0248"></a> kalalaṃ hoti, paripakkaṃ samūhataṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Vivaṭṭamānaṃ tabbhāvaṃ, abbudaṃ nāma jāyatī’’ti. (saṃ. ni. aṭṭha. 1.1.235);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tasmiṃ abbudakālepi. <span class="bld">Pesikālepī</span>ti tasmāpi abbudā sattāhaccayena vilīnatipusadisā pesi nāma sañjāyati. Sā maricaphāṇitena dīpetabbā. Gāmadārikā hi supakkāni maricāni gahetvā sāṭakante bhaṇḍikaṃ katvā pīḷetvā maṇḍaṃ ādāya kapāle pakkhipitvā ātape ṭhapenti, taṃ sukkhamānaṃ sabbabhāgehi muccati. Evarūpā pesi hoti, abbudanti nāmaṃ antaradhāyati. Vuttampi cetaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Sattāhaṃ abbudaṃ hoti, paripakkaṃ samūhataṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Vivaṭṭamānaṃ tabbhāvaṃ, pesi nāma pajāyatī’’ti. (saṃ. ni. aṭṭha. 1.1.235);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tasmiṃ pesikālepi. <span class="bld">Ghanakālepī</span>ti tatopi pesito sattāhaccayena kukkuṭaṇḍasaṇṭhāno ghano nāma maṃsapiṇḍo nibbattati, pesīti nāmaṃ antaradhāyati. Vuttampi cetaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Sattāhaṃ <a name="M0.0215"></a> pesi bhavati, paripakkaṃ samūhataṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Vivaṭṭamānaṃ tabbhāvaṃ, ghanoti nāma jāyati.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yathā kukkuṭiyā aṇḍaṃ, samantā parimaṇḍalaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Evaṃ ghanassa saṇṭhānaṃ, nibbattaṃ kammapaccayā’’ti. (saṃ. ni. aṭṭha. 1.1.235);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tasmiṃ ghanakālepi. <span class="bld">Pasākhakālepī</span>ti pañcame sattāhe dvinnaṃ dvinnaṃ hatthapādānaṃ sīsassa catthāya pañca pīḷakā jāyanti, yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ – ‘‘pañcame, bhikkhave, sattāhe pañca pīḷakā saṇṭhahanti kammato’’ti. Tasmiṃ pasākhakālepi. Tato paraṃ chaṭṭhasattamādīni sattāhāni atikkamma desanaṃ saṅkhipitvā dvācattālīsasattāhe pariṇatakāle kesalomanakhādīnaṃ uppattikālañca. Tassa ca nābhito uṭṭhito nāḷo mātu udarapaṭalena ekābaddho hoti, so uppaladaṇḍako viya chiddo, tena āhāraraso saṃsaritvā āhārasamuṭṭhānarūpaṃ samuṭṭhāpeti. Evaṃ so dasamāse yāpeti, taṃ <a name="P2.0249"></a> sabbaṃ avatvā <span class="bld">‘‘sūtighare’’</span>ti āha. Yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Kesā <a name="V0.0197"></a> lomā nakhāni ca’’;</p>
<p class="gatha2">‘‘Yañcassa bhuñjatī mātā, annaṃ pānañca bhojanaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tena so tattha yāpeti, mātukucchigato naro’’ti. (saṃ. ni. 1.235; kathā. 692);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">sūtighare</span>ti sūtikaghare, vijāyanaghareti attho. ‘‘Sūtikāghare’’ti vā pāṭho, sūtikāyāti padacchedo. <span class="bld">Addhamāsikopī</span>ti jātadivasato paṭṭhāya addhamāso etassa atthīti addhamāsiko. <span class="bld">Dvemāsikā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo. Jātadivasato paṭṭhāya ekaṃ saṃvaccharaṃ etassa atthīti saṃvacchariko. Upari <span class="bld">dvevassikā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yadā jiṇṇo hotī</span>ti yasmiṃ kāle jarājiṇṇo bhavati jajjarībhūto. <span class="bld">Vuddho</span>ti vayovuddho. <span class="bld">Mahallako</span>ti jātimahallako. <span class="bld">Addhagato</span>ti tayo addhe atikkanto. <span class="bld">Vayoanuppatto</span>ti tatiyaṃ vayaṃ anuppatto. <span class="bld">Khaṇḍadanto</span>ti antarantarā patitā dantā phālitā ca jarānubhāvena khaṇḍā dantā jātā assāti khaṇḍadanto. <span class="bld">Palitakeso</span>ti paṇḍarakeso. <span class="bld">Vilūna</span>nti luñcitvā gahitakesā viya khallāṭasīso<a name="M0.0216"></a>. <span class="bld">Khalitasiro</span>ti mahākhallāṭasīso. <span class="bld">Valina</span>nti sañjātavali. <span class="bld">Tilakāhatagatto</span>ti setatilakakāḷatilakehi vikiṇṇasarīro. <span class="bld">Bhoggo</span>ti bhaggo, imināpissa vaṅkabhāvaṃ dīpeti. <span class="bld">Daṇḍaparāyaṇo</span>ti daṇḍapaṭissaraṇo daṇḍadutiyo. <span class="bld">So jarāyapī</span>ti so puggalo jarāyapi abhibhūto marati. <span class="bld">Natthi maraṇamhā mokkho</span>ti maraṇato muñcanupāyo natthi nupalabbhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Phalānamiva pakkānaṃ, pāto patanato bhaya</span>nti paripākagatānaṃ sithilavaṇṭānaṃ panasaphalādipakkānaṃ paccūsakāle avassaṃ patissantīti phalasāmikānaṃ bhāyamānānaṃ viya. <span class="bld">Evaṃ jātāna maccānaṃ, niccaṃ maraṇato bhaya</span>nti evameva uppannānaṃ sattānaṃ maccusaṅkhātamaraṇato satataṃ kālaṃ bhayaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yathāpi</span> <a name="P2.0250"></a> <span class="bld">kumbhakārassā</span>ti yathā nāma mattikābhājanaṃ karontassa. <span class="bld">Kataṃ mattikabhājana</span>nti (su. ni. 582) tena niṭṭhāpitabhājanaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbaṃ bhedanapariyanta</span>nti pakkāpakkaṃ sabbaṃ bhedanaṃ bhijjapariyantaṃ avasānaṃ assāti bhedanapariyantaṃ. <span class="bld">Evaṃ maccāna jīvita</span>nti evameva sattānaṃ āyusaṅkhāraṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Daharā</span> <a name="V0.0198"></a> <span class="bld">ca mahantā cā</span>ti taruṇā ca mahallakā ca. <span class="bld">Ye bālā ye ca paṇḍitā</span>ti ye ca assāsapassāsāyattā jīvitā bālā ye ca paṇḍiccena samannāgatā buddhādayo. <span class="bld">Sabbe maccuvasaṃ yantī</span>ti ete vuttappakārā daharādayo sabbe maccuno issariyaṃ upagacchanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tesaṃ maccuparetāna</span>nti etesaṃ maccunā parivāritānaṃ. <span class="bld">Gacchataṃ paralokato</span>ti ito manussalokato paralokaṃ gacchantānaṃ. <span class="bld">Na pitā tāyate putta</span>nti pitā puttaṃ na rakkhati. <span class="bld">Ñātī vā pana ñātake</span>ti mātāpitipakkhikā ñātī vā teyeva ñātake rakkhituṃ na sakkonti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pekkhataññeva ñātīna</span>nti vuttavidhānaṃyeva ñātīnaṃ pekkhantānaṃyeva olokentānaṃyeva. <span class="bld">Passa lālappataṃ puthū</span>ti <span class="bld">passā</span>ti ālapanaṃ. Lālapantānaṃ vilapantānaṃ puthūnaṃ nānappakārānaṃ. <span class="bld">Ekamekova maccānaṃ, govajjho viya niyyatī</span>ti sattānaṃ ekameko vadhāya niyyamānagoṇo viya maraṇāya niyyati pāpuṇīyati. <span class="bld">Evamabbhāhato loko</span>ti <a name="M0.0217"></a> evameva sattaloko bhusaṃ āhato. <span class="bld">Maccunā ca jarāya cā</span>ti maraṇena ca jarāya ca abhibhūto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para40"></a><span class="paranum">40</span>. <span class="bld">Mamāyite</span>ti mamāyitavatthukāraṇā. <span class="bld">Vinābhāvaṃ santamevida</span>nti santaṃ vijjamānaṃ vinābhāvameva idaṃ, na sakkā avinābhāvena bhavitunti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Socantī</span>ti cittena socanaṃ karonti. <span class="bld">Kilamantī</span>ti kāyena kilamathaṃ pāpuṇanti. <span class="bld">Paridevantī</span>ti nānāvidhaṃ vācāvilāpaṃ bhaṇanti. <span class="bld">Urattāḷiṃ kandantī</span>ti uraṃ tāḷetvā tāḷetvā kandanti. <span class="bld">Sammohaṃ āpajjantī</span>ti sammohabhāvaṃ pāpuṇanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anicco</span>ti hutvā abhāvaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Saṅkhato</span>ti paccayehi saṅgamma kato. <span class="bld">Paṭiccasamuppanno</span>ti paccayasāmaggiṃ paṭicca na paccakkhāya saha sammā ca uppanno. <span class="bld">Khayadhammo</span>ti <a name="P2.0251"></a> khayaṃ gamanasabhāvo. <span class="bld">Vayadhammo</span>ti vayaṃ gamanasabhāvo, bhaṅgavasena bhaṅgagamanasabhāvoti attho. <span class="bld">Virāgadhammo</span>ti virajjanasabhāvo. <span class="bld">Nirodhadhammo</span>ti nirujjhanasabhāvo. <span class="bld">Yvāyaṃ pariggaho</span>ti yo ayaṃ pariggaho. ‘‘Yāya pariggaho’’tipi pāṭho, ayameva padacchedo. <span class="bld">Nicco</span>ti satatakāliko. <span class="bld">Dhuvo</span>ti thiro. <span class="bld">Sassato</span>ti acavano. <span class="bld">Avipariṇāmadhammo</span>ti pakatiajahanasabhāvo. <span class="bld">Sassati samaṃ tatheva ṭhassatī</span>ti candasūriyasinerumahāsamuddapathavīpabbatādayo viya tiṭṭheyya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nānābhāvo</span>ti jātiyā nānābhāvo. <span class="bld">Vinābhāvo</span>ti maraṇena viyogabhāvo. <span class="bld">Aññathābhāvo</span>ti <a name="V0.0199"></a> sabbhāvato aññathābhāvo. <span class="bld">Purimānaṃ purimānaṃ khandhāna</span>nti anantare pure uppannānaṃ khandhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Vipariṇāmaññathābhāvā</span>ti pakatibhāvaṃ jahitvā aññathābhāvena. Pacchimā pacchimā khandhādayo pavattanti uppajjantīti sambandho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbaṃ gharāvāsapalibodha</span>nti sakalaṃ gihibhāvajaṭaṃ. <span class="bld">Ñātimittāmaccapalibodha</span>nti mātāpitupakkhikā <span class="bld">ñātī, mittā</span> sahāyā, <span class="bld">amaccā</span> bhaccā. <span class="bld">Sannidhipalibodha</span>nti nidhānajaṭaṃ chinditvā. <span class="bld">Kesamassuṃ ohāretvā</span>ti kese ca massūni ca oropayitvā. <span class="bld">Kāsāyāni vatthānī</span>ti kasāyarasapītāni vatthāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para41"></a><span class="paranum">41</span>. <span class="bld">Māmako</span>ti <a name="M0.0218"></a> mama upāsako bhikkhu vāti saṅkhaṃ gato, buddhādīni vā vatthūni mamāyamāno.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tesaṃ tesaṃ sattāna</span>nti anekesaṃ sattānaṃ sādhāraṇaniddeso. ‘‘Yaññadattassa maraṇaṃ, somadattassa maraṇa’’nti evañhi divasampi kathiyamāne neva sattā pariyādānaṃ gacchanti, na sabbaṃ aparattadīpanaṃ sijjhati. Imehi pana dvīhi padehi na koci satto apariyādinno hoti, na kiñci aparattādīpanaṃ na sijjhati. <span class="bld">Tamhā tamhā</span>ti ayaṃ gativasena anekesaṃ nikāyānaṃ sādhāraṇaniddeso. <span class="bld">Sattanikāyā</span>ti sattānaṃ nikāyā, sattaghaṭā sattasamūhāti attho. <span class="bld">Cutī</span>ti <a name="P2.0252"></a> cavanavasena vuttaṃ. Ekacatupañcakkhandhāya cutiyā sāmaññavacanametaṃ. <span class="bld">Cavanatā</span>ti bhāvavacanena lakkhaṇanidassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhedo</span>ti cutikhandhānaṃ bhaṅguppattiparidīpanaṃ. <span class="bld">Antaradhāna</span>nti ghaṭassa viya bhinnassa bhinnānaṃ khandhānaṃ yena kenaci pariyāyena ṭhānābhāvaparidīpanaṃ. <span class="bld">Maccumaraṇa</span>nti maccusaṅkhātaṃ maraṇaṃ, na khaṇikamaraṇaṃ. Kālo nāma antako, tassa kiriyāti <span class="bld">kālaṃkiriyā</span>. Ettāvatā sammutimaraṇaṃ dīpitaṃ. Idāni paramatthena dīpetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘khandhānaṃ bhedo’’</span>tiādimāha. Paramatthena hi khandhāyeva bhijjanti, na satto nāma koci marati. Khandhesu pana bhijjamānesu satto marati, bhinnesu ‘‘mato’’ti vohāro hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca catuvokārapañcavokāravasena khandhānaṃ bhedo, ekavokāravasena kaḷevarassa nikkhepo. Catuvokāravasena vā khandhānaṃ bhedo, sesadvayavasena kaḷevarassa nikkhepo veditabbo. Kasmā? Kāmarūpabhavadvayepi rūpakāyasaṅkhātassa kaḷevarassa sabbhāvato. Yasmā vā cātumahārājikādīsu khandhā bhijjanteva, na kiñci nikkhipanti, tasmā tesaṃ vasena khandhānaṃ bhedo, manussādīsu kaḷevarassa <a name="V0.0200"></a> nikkhepo. Ettha ca kaḷevarassa nikkhepakaraṇato maraṇaṃ ‘‘kaḷevarassa nikkhepo’’ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Jīvitindriyassupacchedo</span>ti iminā indriyabaddhasseva maraṇaṃ nāma hoti, anindriyabaddhassa maraṇaṃ nāma natthīti dasseti. ‘‘Sassaṃ mataṃ, rukkho mato’’ti idaṃ pana vohāramattameva. Atthato pana evarūpāni vacanāni sassādīnaṃ khayavayabhāvameva dīpenti. <span class="bld">Rūpagata</span>nti rūpameva rūpagataṃ. <span class="bld">Vedanāgata</span>ntiādīsupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="M0.0219"></a> <span class="bld">pubbeva macca</span>nti maccaṃ vā bhogā pubbeva paṭhamataraññeva vijahanti. Macco vā te bhoge pubbataraṃ jahati. <span class="bld">Kāmakāmī</span>ti corarājānaṃ ālapati. Ambho kāme kāmayamāna kāmakāmi bhogino nāma loke asassatā, bhogesu vā naṭṭhesu jīvamānā ca abhogino honti. Bhoge vā pahāya sayaṃ nassanti, tasmā ahaṃ mahājanassa sokakālepi na socāmīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Viditā</span> <a name="P2.0253"></a> <span class="bld">mayā sattuka lokadhammā</span>ti corarājānaṃ ālapanto āha. Ambho sattuka mayā lābho alābho yaso ayasotiādayo lokadhammā viditā. Yatheva hi cando udeti ca pūrati ca puna ca khīyati, yathā ca sūriyo andhakāraṃ vidhamento mahantaṃ lokappadesaṃ tapitvāna puna sāyaṃ atthaṃ paleti atthaṃ gacchati na dissati, evameva bhogā uppajjanti ca vinassanti ca, tattha kiṃ sokena, tasmā na socāmīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Taṇhāmaññanāya maññatī</span>ti taṇhāya janitamānamaññanāya maññati. <span class="bld">Mānaṃ karoti diṭṭhimaññanāyā</span>ti diṭṭhiṃ upanissayaṃ katvā uppannāya maññanāya. <span class="bld">Mānamaññanāyā</span>ti sahajātamānamaññanāya. <span class="bld">Kilesamaññanāyā</span>ti vuttappakārāya upatāpanaṭṭhena kilesamaññanāya maññati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kuhā</span>ti vimhāpakā. <span class="bld">Thaddhā</span>ti khāṇu viya thaddhā. <span class="bld">Lapā</span>ti paccayanimittena lapanakā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para42"></a><span class="paranum">42</span>. <span class="bld">Saṅgata</span>nti samāgataṃ, diṭṭhaṃ phuṭṭhaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Piyāyita</span>nti piyakataṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saṅgata</span>nti sammukhībhūtaṃ. <span class="bld">Samāgata</span>nti samīpaṃ āgataṃ. <span class="bld">Samāhita</span>nti ekībhūtaṃ. <span class="bld">Sannipatita</span>nti piṇḍitaṃ. <span class="bld">Supinagato</span>ti supinaṃ paviṭṭho. <span class="bld">Senābyūhaṃ passatī</span>ti senāsannivesaṃ dakkhati. <span class="bld">Ārāmarāmaṇeyyaka</span>nti pupphārāmādīnaṃ ramaṇīyabhāvaṃ. <span class="bld">Vanarāmaṇeyyakā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Peta</span>nti ito paralokaṃ gataṃ. <span class="bld">Kālaṅkata</span>nti mataṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para43"></a><span class="paranum">43</span>. <span class="bld">Nāmaṃyevāvasissati</span><a name="V0.0201"></a>, <span class="bld">akkheyya</span>nti sabbaṃ rūpādidhammajātaṃ pahīyati, nāmamattameva tu avasissati ‘‘buddharakkhito dhammarakkhito’’ti evaṃ akkhātuṃ kathetuṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ye</span> <a name="M0.0220"></a> <span class="bld">cakkhuviññāṇābhisambhūtā</span>ti ye sayaṃ cakkhuviññāṇena abhisambhūtā rāsikatā diṭṭhā catusamuṭṭhānikā rūpā. <span class="bld">Sotaviññāṇābhisambhūtā</span>ti paratoghosena sotaviññāṇena rāsikatā sutā dvisamuṭṭhānikā saddā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para44"></a><span class="paranum">44</span>. <span class="bld">Munayo</span>ti khīṇāsavamunayo. <span class="bld">Khemadassino</span>ti nibbānadassino.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Soko</span>ti sokaniddese – byasatīti byasanaṃ, hitasukhaṃ khipati <a name="P2.0254"></a> viddhaṃsetīti attho. Ñātīnaṃ byasanaṃ ñātibyasanaṃ, corarogabhayādīhi ñātikkhayo ñātivināsoti attho. Tena <span class="bld">ñātibyasanena. Phuṭṭhassā</span>ti ajjhotthaṭassa, abhibhūtassa samannāgatassāti attho. Sesesupi eseva nayo. Ayaṃ pana viseso – bhogānaṃ byasanaṃ <span class="bld">bhogabyasanaṃ,</span> rājacorādivasena bhogakkhayo bhogavināsoti attho. Rogoyeva byasanaṃ <span class="bld">rogabyasanaṃ</span>. Rogo hi ārogyaṃ byasati vināsetīti byasanaṃ. Sīlassa byasanaṃ <span class="bld">sīlabyasanaṃ,</span> dussilyassetaṃ nāmaṃ. Sammādiṭṭhiṃ vināsayamānā uppannā diṭṭhiyeva byasanaṃ <span class="bld">diṭṭhibyasanaṃ</span>. Ettha ca purimāni dve anipphannāni, pacchimāni tīṇi nipphannāni tilakkhaṇabbhāhatāni. Purimāni ca tīṇi neva kusalāni nākusalāni, sīladiṭṭhibyasanadvayaṃ akusalaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aññataraññatarenā</span>ti gahitesu vā yena kenaci aggahitesu vā mittāmaccabyasanādīsu yena kenaci. <span class="bld">Samannāgatassā</span>ti samanubandhassa aparimuccamānassa. <span class="bld">Aññataraññatarena dukkhadhammenā</span>ti yena kenaci sokadukkhassa uppattihetunā. <span class="bld">Soko</span>ti socanakavasena soko. Idaṃ tehi kāraṇehi uppajjanakasokassa sabhāvapaccattaṃ. <span class="bld">Socanā</span>ti socanākāro. <span class="bld">Socitatta</span>nti socitabhāvo. <span class="bld">Antosoko</span>ti abbhantarasoko. Dutiyapadaṃ upasaggena vaḍḍhitaṃ. So hi abbhantaraṃ sukkhāpento viya parisukkhāpento viya uppajjatīti ‘‘antosoko antoparisoko’’ti vuccati. <span class="bld">Antodāho</span>ti abbhantaradāho. Dutiyapadaṃ upasaggena vaḍḍhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Cetaso parijjhāyanā</span>ti cittassa jhānanākāro. Soko hi uppajjamāno aggi viya cittaṃ jhāpeti <a name="M0.0221"></a> dahati, ‘‘cittaṃ me jhāmaṃ, na me kiñci paṭibhātī’’ti vadāpeti. Dukkhito mano dummano, tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">domanassaṃ</span>. Anupaviṭṭhaṭṭhena sokova sallanti <span class="bld">sokasallaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paridevaniddese <a name="V0.0202"></a> – ‘‘mayhaṃ dhītā, mayhaṃ putto’’ti evaṃ ādissa ādissa devanti rodanti etenāti <span class="bld">ādevo</span>. Taṃ taṃ vaṇṇaṃ parikittetvā parikittetvā devanti etenāti <span class="bld">paridevo</span>. Tato parāni dve dve padāni purimadvayasseva ākārabhāvaniddesavasena vuttāni. <span class="bld">Vācā</span>ti vacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Palāpo</span>ti tucchaṃ niratthakavacanaṃ<a name="P2.0255"></a>. Uppaḍḍhabhaṇitaaññabhaṇitādivasena virūpo palāpo <span class="bld">vippalāpo. Lālappo</span>ti punappunaṃ lapanaṃ. Lālappanākāro <span class="bld">lālappanā</span>. Lālappitassa bhāvo <span class="bld">lālappitattaṃ</span>. Macchariyādīni vuttatthāneva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para45"></a><span class="paranum">45</span>. Sattamagāthā evaṃ maraṇabbhāhate loke anurūpapaṭipattidassanatthaṃ vuttā. Tattha <span class="bld">patilīnacarassā</span>ti tato tato patilīnaṃ cittaṃ katvā carantassa. <span class="bld">Bhikkhuno</span>ti kalyāṇaputhujjanassa vā sekkhassa vā. <span class="bld">Sāmaggiyamāhu tassa taṃ, yo attānaṃ bhavane na dassaye</span>ti tassetaṃ patirūpamāhu, yo evaṃpaṭipanno nirayādibhede bhavane attānaṃ na dassaye. Evañhi so imamhā maraṇā mucceyyāti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Patilīnacarā vuccantī</span>ti tato tato līnacittācārā kathīyanti. <span class="bld">Satta sekkhā</span>ti adhisīlādīsu tīsu sikkhāsu sikkhantīti sotāpattimaggaṭṭhaṃ ādiṃ katvā yāva arahattamaggaṭṭhā satta sekkhā. <span class="bld">Arahā</span>ti phalaṭṭho. So niṭṭhitacittattā <span class="bld">patilīno</span>. Sekkhānaṃ patilīnacaraṇabhāve kāraṇaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘kiṃ kāraṇā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Te tato tato</span>ti te satta sekkhā tehi tehi ārammaṇehi <span class="bld">cittaṃ patilīnentā</span>ti attano cittaṃ nilīnentā. <span class="bld">Patikuṭentā</span>ti saṅkocentā. <span class="bld">Pativaṭṭentā</span>ti kaṭasārakaṃ viya ābhujentā. <span class="bld">Sanniruddhantā</span>ti sannirujjhantā. <span class="bld">Sannigaṇhantā</span>ti niggahaṃ kurumānā. <span class="bld">Sannivārentā</span>ti vārayamānā. <span class="bld">Rakkhantā</span>ti rakkhaṃ kurumānā. <span class="bld">Gopentā</span>ti cittamañjūsāya gopayamānā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni <a name="M0.0222"></a> dvāravasena dassento <span class="bld">‘‘cakkhudvāre’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">cakkhudvāre</span>ti cakkhuviññāṇadvāre. <span class="bld">Sotadvārā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Bhikkhunoti puthujjanakalyāṇakassa vā bhikkhuno, sekkhassa vā bhikkhuno</span>ti bhikkhusaddassa vacanatthaṃ avatvā idhādhippetabhikkhuyeva dassito. Tattha puthujjano ca so kilesānaṃ asamucchinnattā, kalyāṇo ca sīlādipaṭipattiyuttattāti <a name="P2.0256"></a> puthujjanakalyāṇova puthujjanakalyāṇako, tassa <span class="bld">puthujjanakalyāṇakassa</span>. Adhisīlādīni sikkhatīti <span class="bld">sekkho,</span> tassa sekkhassa vā sotāpannassa vā sakadāgāmino vā anāgāmino vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Āsanti <a name="V0.0203"></a> nisīdanti etthāti <span class="bld">āsanaṃ. Yatthā</span>ti yesu mañcapīṭhādīsu. <span class="bld">Mañco</span>tiādīni āsanassa pabhedavacanāni. Mañcopi hi nisajjāyapi okāsattā idha āsanesu vutto, so pana masārakabundikābaddhakuḷīrapādakaāhaccapādakānaṃ aññataro.<span class="bld"> Pīṭha</span>mpi tesaṃ aññatarameva. <span class="bld">Bhisī</span>ti uṇṇabhisi coḷabhisi vākabhisi tiṇabhisi paṇṇabhisīnaṃ aññatarā. <span class="bld">Taṭṭikā</span>ti tālapaṇṇādīhi vinitvā katā. <span class="bld">Cammakhaṇḍo</span>ti nisajjāraho yo koci cammakhaṇḍo. <span class="bld">Tiṇasanthārā</span>dayo tiṇādīni gumbetvā katā. <span class="bld">Asappāyarūpadassanenā</span>ti asappāyānaṃ iṭṭharūpānaṃ olokanena. <span class="bld">Ritta</span>nti abbhantarato tucchaṃ. <span class="bld">Vivitta</span>nti bahiddhāpavesanena suññaṃ. <span class="bld">Pavivitta</span>nti koci gahaṭṭho tattha natthīti atirekena suññaṃ. <span class="bld">Asappāyasaddassavane</span>pi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Pañcahi kāmaguṇehī</span>ti itthirūpasaddagandharasaphoṭṭhabbehi pañcahi kāmakoṭṭhāsehi. Vuttampi cetaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Rūpā saddā rasā gandhā, phoṭṭhabbā ca manoramā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Pañca kāmaguṇā loke, itthirūpasmiṃ dissare’’ti. (a. ni. 5.55);</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhajato</span>ti cittena sevanaṃ karontassa. <span class="bld">Sambhajato</span>ti sammā sevantassa. <span class="bld">Sevato</span>ti upasaṅkamantassa. <span class="bld">Nisevato</span>ti nissayaṃ katvā sevantassa. <span class="bld">Saṃsevato</span>ti suṭṭhu sevantassa. <span class="bld">Paṭisevato</span>ti punappunaṃ upasaṅkamantassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gaṇasāmaggī</span>ti samaṇānaṃ ekībhāvo samaggabhāvo. <span class="bld">Dhammasāmaggī</span>ti sattatiṃsabodhipakkhiyadhammānaṃ samūhabhāvo. <span class="bld">Anabhinibbattisāmaggī</span>ti anibbattamānānaṃ <a name="M0.0223"></a> anuppajjamānānaṃ anupādisesāya nibbānadhātuyā parinibbutānaṃ arahantānaṃ samūho. <span class="bld">Samaggā</span>ti kāyena aviyogā. <span class="bld">Sammodamānā</span>ti cittena suṭṭhu modamānā tussamānā. <span class="bld">Avivadamānā</span>ti vācāya <a name="P2.0257"></a> vivādaṃ akurumānā. <span class="bld">Khīrodakībhūtā</span>ti khīrena saṃsaṭṭhaudakasadisā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Te ekato pakkhandantī</span>ti te bodhipakkhiyadhammā ekaṃ ārammaṇaṃ pavisanti. <span class="bld">Pasīdantī</span>ti tasmiṃyeva ārammaṇe pasādamāpajjanti. <span class="bld">Anupādisesāyā</span>ti upādivirahitāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nibbānadhātuyā</span>ti amatamahānibbānadhātuyā. <span class="bld">Ūnattaṃ vā</span>ti ettha unabhāvo ūnattaṃ, aparipuṇṇabhāvoti attho. <span class="bld">Puṇṇattaṃ vā</span>ti paripuṇṇabhāvo puṇṇattaṃ, puṇṇabhāvo vā na paññāyati natthīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nerayikāna</span>nti <a name="V0.0204"></a> niraye nibbattanakakammānaṃ atthibhāvena. Nirayaṃ arahantīti nerayikā, tesaṃ nerayikānaṃ. <span class="bld">Nirayo bhavana</span>nti nirayo eva tesaṃ vasanaṭṭhānaṃ gharaṃ. <span class="bld">Tiracchānayonikāna</span>ntiādīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Tassesā sāmaggī</span>ti tassa khīṇāsavassa esā nibbānasāmaggī. <span class="bld">Etaṃ channa</span>nti etaṃ anucchavikaṃ. <span class="bld">Patirūpa</span>nti sadisaṃ paṭibhāgaṃ, asadisaṃ appaṭibhāgaṃ na hoti. <span class="bld">Anucchavika</span>nti etaṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ vā dhammānaṃ, maggaphalanibbānasāsanadhammānaṃ vā anucchavikaṃ. Tesaṃ chaviṃ chāyaṃ sundarabhāvaṃ anveti anugacchati, atha kho santikāva tehi dhammehi anucchavikattā eva ca anulomaṃ. Tesañca anulometi, atha kho na vilomaṃ na paccanīkabhāve ṭhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para46"></a><span class="paranum">46</span>. Idāni ‘‘yo attānaṃ bhavane na dassaye’’ti evaṃ khīṇāsavo vibhāvito, tassa vaṇṇabhaṇanatthaṃ ito parā tisso gāthāyo āha. Tattha paṭhamagāthāya <span class="bld">sabbatthā</span>ti dvādasasu āyatanesu. Na piyaṃ kubbati nopi appiyanti niddese <span class="bld">piyā</span>ti citte pītikarā. Te vibhāgato dassento <span class="bld">‘‘katame sattā piyā, idha yassa te hontī’’</span>ti āha. Tattha <span class="bld">yassa te</span>ti ye assa te. <span class="bld">Hontī</span>ti bhavanti. <span class="bld">Atthakāmā</span>ti vaḍḍhikāmā. <span class="bld">Hitakāmā</span>ti sukhakāmā. <span class="bld">Phāsukāmā</span>ti sukhavihārakāmā. <span class="bld">Yogakkhemakāmā</span>ti catūhi yogehi khemaṃ nibbhayaṃ kāmā. Mamāyatīti <a name="P2.0258"></a> <span class="bld">mātā</span>. Piyāyatīti <span class="bld">pitā</span>. Bhajatīti <span class="bld">bhātā</span>. <span class="bld">Bhaginī</span>ti <a name="M0.0224"></a> etthāpi eseva nayo. Puṃ tāyati rakkhatīti <span class="bld">putto</span>. Kulavaṃsaṃ dhāretīti <span class="bld">dhītā. Mittā</span> sahāyā. <span class="bld">Amaccā</span> bhaccā. <span class="bld">Ñātī</span> pitupakkhikā. <span class="bld">Sālohitā</span> mātipakkhikā. <span class="bld">Ime sattā piyā</span>ti ime sattā pītijanakā. Vuttavipariyāyena appiyā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para47"></a><span class="paranum">47</span>. <span class="bld">Yadidaṃ diṭṭhasutamutesu vā</span>ti ettha pana yadidaṃ diṭṭhasutaṃ, ettha vā mutesu vā dhammesu; evaṃ muni na upalimpatīti evaṃ sambandho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Udakathevo</span>ti udakassa thevo. ‘‘Udakatthevako’’tipi pāṭho. <span class="bld">Padumapatte</span>ti paduminipatte.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para48"></a><span class="paranum">48</span>. <span class="bld">Dhono na hi tena maññati, yadidaṃ diṭṭhasutamutesu vā</span>ti atrāpi yadidaṃ diṭṭhasutaṃ, tena vatthunā na maññati, mutesu vā dhammesu na maññatīti evameva sambandho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Na hi so rajjati, no virajjatī</span>ti bālaputhujjano viya na rajjati, kalyāṇaputhujjanasekkhā viya na virajjati, rāgassa khīṇattā ‘‘viratto’’tveva saṅkhaṃ gacchati. Sesaṃ pākaṭamevāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tāya</span> <a name="V0.0205"></a> <span class="bld">paññāya kāyaduccarita</span>nti sampayuttāya pubbabhāgāyeva vā paññāya pariggahetabbe pariggaṇhanto yogī tividhaṃ kāyaduccaritaṃ samucchedavasena dhunāti. Ayañca puggalo vipannadhammaṃ desanādhammesu dhunantesu taṃdhammasamaṅgīpuggalopi dhunāti nāma. Te ca dhamme paññāya attano pavattikkhaṇe dhunitumāraddho dhutāti vuccati, yathā bhuñjitumāraddho bhuttoti vuccati. Lakkhaṇaṃ panettha saddasatthato veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Dhuta</span>nti kattusādhanaṃ. <span class="bld">Dhutaṃ</span> paṭhamamaggena. <span class="bld">Dhotaṃ</span> dutiyamaggena. <span class="bld">Sandhotaṃ</span> tatiyamaggena. <span class="bld">Niddhotaṃ</span> catutthamaggena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dhono diṭṭhaṃ na maññatī</span>ti arahā maṃsacakkhunā diṭṭhaṃ <a name="P2.0259"></a> dibbacakkhunā diṭṭhaṃ rūpāyatanaṃ na maññati tīhi maññanāhi, kathaṃ? Rūpāyatanaṃ subhasaññāya sukhasaññāya ca passanto na tattha chandarāgaṃ janeti na taṃ assādeti nābhinandati, evaṃ diṭṭhaṃ taṇhāmaññanāya na maññati. ‘‘Iti me rūpaṃ siyā anāgatamaddhāna’’nti vā panettha nandiṃ na samannāneti. Rūpasampadaṃ vā ākaṅkhamāno dānaṃ na deti, sīlaṃ na samādiyati, uposathakammaṃ na karoti. Evampi <a name="M0.0225"></a> diṭṭhaṃ taṇhāmaññanāya na maññati, attano pana parassa ca rūpasampattivipattiṃ nissāya mānaṃ na janeti. ‘‘Imināhaṃ seyyosmīti vā, sadisosmīti vā, hīnosmīti vā’’ti evaṃ diṭṭhaṃ mānamaññanāya na maññati. Rūpāyatanaṃ pana ‘‘niccaṃ dhuvaṃ sassata’’nti na maññati. Attānaṃ ‘‘attaniya’’nti na maññati. Maṅgalaṃ ‘‘amaṅgala’’nti na maññati. Evaṃ diṭṭhaṃ diṭṭhimaññanāya na maññati. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhasmiṃ na maññatī</span>ti rūpasmiṃ attānaṃ samanupassananayena amaññanto diṭṭhasmiṃ na maññati. Yathā vā thane thaññaṃ, evaṃ rūpasmiṃ rāgādayoti amaññantopi diṭṭhasmiṃ na maññati. Tasmiṃyeva panassa diṭṭhimaññanāya amaññite vatthusmiṃ sinehaṃ mānañca na uppādayato taṇhāmānamaññanāpi natthīti veditabbā. Evaṃ diṭṭhasmiṃ na maññati. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhato na maññatī</span>ti ettha pana <span class="bld">diṭṭhato</span>ti nissakkavacanaṃ. Tasmā saupakāraṇassa attano vā parassa vā yathāvuttappabhedato diṭṭhato upapatti vā niggamanaṃ vā diṭṭhato vā añño attāti amaññamāno diṭṭhato na maññatīti veditabbo. Ayamassa na diṭṭhimaññanā. Tasmiṃyeva panassa diṭṭhimaññanāya amaññite vatthusmiṃ sinehaṃ mānañca na uppādayato na taṇhāmānamaññanāpi veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Diṭṭhā meti na maññatī</span>ti ettha pana ‘‘etaṃ mamā’’ti taṇhāvasena amamāyamāno diṭṭhaṃ taṇhāmaññanāya na maññati. <span class="bld">Suta</span>nti <a name="P2.0260"></a> maṃsasotenapi sutaṃ, dibbasotenapi sutaṃ, saddāyatanassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Muta</span>nti mutvā munitvā ca gahitaṃ āhacca upagantvāti attho. Indriyānaṃ ārammaṇānañca aññamaññaṃ saṃkilese viññātanti vuttaṃ hoti. Gandharasaphoṭṭhabbāyatanānaṃ <a name="V0.0206"></a> etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Viññāta</span>nti manasā viññātaṃ, sesānaṃ sattānaṃ āyatanānametaṃ adhivacanaṃ, dhammārammaṇassa vā, idha pana sakkāyapariyāpannameva labbhati. Vitthāro panettha diṭṭhavāre vuttanayena veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni bhagavatā vuttasuttavasena dassento <span class="bld">‘‘asmīti bhikkhave’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">asmī</span>ti bhavāmi, niccassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Maññitameta</span>nti diṭṭhikappanaṃ etaṃ. <span class="bld">Ayamahamasmī</span>ti ayaṃ ahaṃ asmi bhavāmi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aññatra satipaṭṭhānehī</span>ti ṭhapetvā catusatipaṭṭhāne.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbe bālaputhujjanā rajjantī</span>ti sakalā andhabālā nānājanā lagganti. <span class="bld">Satta sekkhā virajjantī</span>ti sotāpannādayo satta ariyajanā virāgaṃ āpajjanti<a name="M0.0226"></a>. <span class="bld">Arahā neva rajjati no virajjatī</span>ti kilesānaṃ parinibbāpitattā ubhayampi na karoti. <span class="bld">Khayā rāgassā</span>tiādayo tividhāpi nibbānameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Saddhammappajjotikāya mahāniddesaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Jarāsuttaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter">7. Tissametteyyasuttaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para49"></a><span class="paranum">49</span>. Sattame <a name="V0.0207"></a><a name="P2.0261"></a> tissametteyyasutte <span class="bld">methunamanuyuttassā</span>ti methunadhammaṃ samāyuttassa. <span class="bld">Itī</span>ti evamāha. <span class="bld">Āyasmā</span>ti piyavacanametaṃ. <span class="bld">Tisso</span>ti nāmaṃ tassa therassa. Sopi hi tissoti nāmena. <span class="bld">Metteyyo</span>ti gottaṃ, gottavaseneva esa pākaṭo ahosi. Tasmā aṭṭhuppattiyaṃ (su. ni. aṭṭha. 2.821) vuttaṃ – ‘‘tissametteyyā nāma dve sahāyā’’ti. <span class="bld">Vighāta</span>nti upaghātaṃ. <span class="bld">Brūhī</span>ti ācikkha. <span class="bld">Mārisā</span>ti piyavacanametaṃ, niddukkhāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Sutvāna tava sāsana</span>nti tava vacanaṃ sutvā. <span class="bld">Viveke sikkhissāmase</span>ti sahāyaṃ ārabbha dhammadesanaṃ yācanto bhaṇati, so pana sikkhitasikkhoyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Methunadhammo nāmā</span>ti idaṃ niddisitabbassa methunadhammassa upadesapadaṃ. <span class="bld">Asaddhammo</span>ti asataṃ nīcajanānaṃ dhammo. <span class="bld">Gāmadhammo</span>ti gāmavāsīnaṃ sevanadhammo. <span class="bld">Vasaladhammo</span>ti vasalānaṃ dhammo, kilesavassanato vā sayameva vasalo dhammoti vasaladhammo. <span class="bld">Duṭṭhullo</span>ti duṭṭho ca kilesehi duṭṭhattā, thūlo ca anipuṇabhāvatoti duṭṭhullo. Yasmā ca tassa dhammassa parivārabhūtaṃ dassanampi gahaṇampi āmasanampi phusanampi ghaṭṭanampi duṭṭhullaṃ, tasmāpi duṭṭhullo so methunadhammo. <span class="bld">Odakantiko</span>ti udakaṃ assa ante suddhatthaṃ ādiyatīti udakanto, udakantoyeva odakantiko. Raho paṭicchanne okāse kattabbatāya <span class="bld">rahasso</span>. Vinaye pana ‘‘duṭṭhullaṃ odakantikaṃ rahassa’’nti (pārā. 39) pāṭho. Tattha tīsu padesu <span class="bld">yo so</span>ti padaṃ parivattetvā yaṃ tanti <a name="P2.0262"></a> katvā yojetabbaṃ ‘‘yaṃ taṃ duṭṭhullaṃ, so methunadhammo, yaṃ taṃ odakantikaṃ so methunadhammo, yaṃ taṃ rahassaṃ<a name="M0.0227"></a>, so methunadhammo’’ti. Idha pana ‘‘yo so asaddhammo, so methunadhammo…pe… yo so rahasso, so methunadhammo’’ti evaṃ yojanā veditabbā. Dvayena dvayena samāpajjitabbato <span class="bld">dvayaṃdvayasamāpatti</span>. Tattha yojanā – yā sā dvayaṃdvayasamāpatti, so methunadhammo nāmāti. <span class="bld">Kiṃkāraṇā vuccati methunadhammo</span>ti kena kāraṇena kena pariyāyena methunadhammoti kathīyati. Taṃ kāraṇaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘ubhinnaṃ rattāna’’</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">ubhinnaṃ rattāna</span>nti <a name="V0.0208"></a> dvinnaṃ itthipurisānaṃ rāgena rañjitānaṃ. <span class="bld">Sārattāna</span>nti visesena suṭṭhu rañjitānaṃ. <span class="bld">Avassutāna</span>nti kilesena tintānaṃ. <span class="bld">Pariyuṭṭhitāna</span>nti kusalācāraṃ pariyādiyitvā madditvā ṭhitānaṃ ‘‘magge corā pariyuṭṭhitā’’tiādīsu viya. <span class="bld">Pariyādinnacittāna</span>nti kusalacittaṃ pariyādiyitvā khepetvā ṭhitacittānaṃ. <span class="bld">Ubhinnaṃ sadisāna</span>nti dvinnaṃ kilesena sadisānaṃ. <span class="bld">Dhammo</span>ti sabhāvo. <span class="bld">Taṃ kāraṇā</span>ti tena kāraṇena. Taṃ upamāya sādhento <span class="bld">‘‘ubho kalahakārakā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">ubho kalahakārakā</span>ti pubbabhāge kalahakārakā dve. <span class="bld">Methunakāti vuccantī</span>ti sadisāti vuccanti. <span class="bld">Bhaṇḍanakārakā</span>ti tattha tattha gantvā bhaṇḍanaṃ karontā. <span class="bld">Bhassakārakā</span>ti vācākalahaṃ karontā. <span class="bld">Vivādakārakā</span>ti nānāvacanaṃ karontā. <span class="bld">Adhikaraṇakārakā</span>ti vinicchayapāpuṇanavisesakāraṇaṃ karontā. <span class="bld">Vādino</span>ti vādapaṭivādino. <span class="bld">Sallāpakā</span>ti vācaṃ kathentā <span class="bld">evameva</span>nti upamāsaṃsandanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yuttassā</span>ti saññuttassa. <span class="bld">Payuttassā</span>ti ādarena yuttassa. <span class="bld">Āyuttassā</span>ti visesena yuttassa. <span class="bld">Samāyuttassā</span>ti ekato yuttassa. <span class="bld">Taccaritassā</span>ti taṃcaritaṃ karontassa. <span class="bld">Tabbahulassā</span>ti taṃbahulaṃ karontassa. <span class="bld">Taggarukassā</span>ti taṃgaruṃ karontassa. <span class="bld">Tanninnassā</span>ti tasmiṃ natacittassa. <span class="bld">Tappoṇassā</span>ti tasmiṃ natakāyassa. <span class="bld">Tappabbhārassā</span>ti <a name="P2.0263"></a> tasmiṃ abhimukhakāyassa. <span class="bld">Tadadhimuttassā</span>ti tasmiṃ adhiharitassa. <span class="bld">Tadadhipateyyassā</span>ti taṃ adhipatiṃ jeṭṭhakaṃ katvā pavattassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vighāta</span>nti niddesassa uddesavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Vighāta</span>nti pīḷanaṃ. <span class="bld">Upaghāta</span>nti samīpaṃ katvā pīḷanaṃ. <span class="bld">Pīḷana</span>nti ghaṭṭanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ghaṭṭana</span>nti pīḷanaṃ. Sabbaṃ aññamaññavevacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Upaddava</span>nti hiṃsanaṃ. <span class="bld">Upasagga</span>nti tattha tattha upagantvā pīḷanākāraṃ. <span class="bld">Brūhī</span>ti kathehi. <span class="bld">Ācikkhā</span>ti <a name="M0.0228"></a> vissajjehi. <span class="bld">Desehī</span>ti dassehi. <span class="bld">Paññapehī</span>ti ñāpehi. <span class="bld">Paṭṭhapehī</span>ti ṭhapehi. <span class="bld">Vivarā</span>ti pākaṭaṃ karohi. <span class="bld">Vibhajā</span>ti bhājehi. <span class="bld">Uttānīkarohī</span>ti tīraṃ pāpehi. <span class="bld">Pakāsehī</span>ti pākaṭaṃ karohi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tuyhaṃ vacana</span>nti tava vācaṃ. <span class="bld">Byappatha</span>nti vacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Desana</span>nti ācikkhanaṃ. <span class="bld">Anusāsana</span>nti ovādaṃ. <span class="bld">Anusiṭṭha</span>nti anusāsanaṃ. <span class="bld">Sutvā</span>ti sotena sutvā. <span class="bld">Suṇitvā</span>ti tasseva vevacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Uggahetvā</span>ti sammā gahetvā. <span class="bld">Upadhārayitvā</span>ti anāsetvā. <span class="bld">Upalakkhayitvā</span>ti sallakkhetvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para50"></a><span class="paranum">50</span>. <span class="bld">Mussate vāpi sāsana</span>nti pariyattipaṭipattito duvidhampi sāsanaṃ nassati. <span class="bld">Vāpī</span>ti padapūraṇamattaṃ. <span class="bld">Etaṃ tasmiṃ anariya</span>nti tasmiṃ puggale etaṃ anariyaṃ, yadidaṃ micchāpaṭipadā. <span class="bld">Gāravādhivacana</span>nti guṇavisiṭṭhasabbasattuttamagarugāravādhivacanaṃ. Tenāhu porāṇā –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Bhagavāti <a name="V0.0209"></a> vacanaṃ seṭṭhaṃ, bhagavāti vacanamuttamaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Garu gāravayutto so, <span class="bld">bhagavā</span> tena vuccatī’’ti. (visuddhi. 1.142);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Catubbidhaṃ vā nāmaṃ āvatthikaṃ, liṅgikaṃ, nemittikaṃ, adhiccasamuppannanti. Adhiccasamuppannaṃ nāma lokiyavohārena ‘‘yadicchaka’’nti vuttaṃ hoti. Tattha vaccho, dammo, balībaddhoti evamādi <span class="bld">āvatthikaṃ,</span> daṇḍī, chattī, sikhī, karīti evamādi <span class="bld">liṅgikaṃ,</span> tevijjo, chaḷabhiññoti evamādi <span class="bld">nemittikaṃ,</span> sirivaḍḍhako, dhanavaḍḍhakoti evamādi <a name="P2.0264"></a> vacanatthaṃ anapekkhitvā pavattaṃ <span class="bld">adhiccasamuppannaṃ</span>. Idaṃ pana <span class="bld">bhagavā</span>ti nāmaṃ nemittikaṃ, na mahāmāyāya, na suddhodanamahārājena, na asītiyā ñātisahassehi kataṃ, na sakkasantusitādīhi devatāvisesehi kataṃ. Vakkhati ca ‘‘bhagavāti netaṃ nāmaṃ mātarā kataṃ…pe… paṭilābhā sacchikā paññatti yadidaṃ bhagavā’’ti (mahāni. 84).</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Bhāgyavā bhaggavā yutto, bhagehi ca vibhattavā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Bhattavā vantagamano, bhavesu <span class="bld">bhagavā</span> tato’’ti. (visuddhi. 1.144);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Vaṇṇāgamo vaṇṇavipariyāyo, dve cāpare vaṇṇavikāranāsā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Dhātūnamatthātisayena yogo, taduccate pañcavidhaṃ nirutti’’nti. –</p>
<p class="unindented">Evaṃ <a name="M0.0229"></a> vuttaniruttilakkhaṇaṃ gahetvā padasiddhi veditabbā. Tattha ‘‘nakkhattarājāriva tārakāna’’nti ettha rakārāgamo viya avijjamānassa akkharassa āgamo <span class="bld">vaṇṇāgamo</span> nāma. ‘‘Hiṃsanā, hiṃso’’ti vattabbe ‘‘sīho’’ti viya vijjamānakkharānaṃ heṭṭhupariyavasena parivattanaṃ <span class="bld">vaṇṇavipariyāyo</span> nāma. ‘‘Nave channake dānaṃ diyyatī’’ti ettha akārassa ekārāpajjanatā viya aññakkharassa aññakkharāpajjanatā <span class="bld">vaṇṇavikāro</span> nāma. ‘‘Jīvanassa mūto jīvanamūto’’ti vattabbe ‘‘jīmūto’’ti vakāranakārānaṃ vināso viya vijjamānakkharavināso <span class="bld">vaṇṇavināso</span> nāma. ‘‘Pharusāhi vācāhi pakrubbamāno āsajja maṃ tvaṃ vadasi kumārā’’ti ettha pakrubbamānoti padassa abhibhavamānoti atthapaṭipādanaṃ viya tattha tattha yathāyogaṃ visesatthayogo <span class="bld">dhātūnaṃ atthātisayena yogo</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ <a name="V0.0210"></a> niruttilakkhaṇaṃ gahetvā saddanayena vā pisodarādinissito patiṭṭhānīti pisodarādipakkhepalakkhaṇaṃ gahetvā yasmā lokiyalokuttarasukhābhinibbattakaṃ <a name="P2.0265"></a> dānasīlādipārappattaṃ bhāgyamassa atthi, tasmā ‘‘bhāgyavā’’ti vattabbe ‘‘bhagavā’’ti vuccatīti ñātabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā pana lobhadosamohaviparītamanasikāraahirikānottappakodhūpanāhamakkhapaḷāsaissā- macchariyamāyāsāṭheyyathambhasārambhamānātimānamadapamādataṇhāavijjātividhākusalamūladuccarita- saṃkilesamalavisamasaññāvitakkapapañcacatubbidhavipariyesaāsavaganthaoghayogaagati- taṇhuppādupādānapañcacetokhīlavinibandhanīvaraṇābhinandanachavivādamūlataṇhākāyasattānusaya- aṭṭhamicchattanavataṇhāmūlakadasākusalakammapathadvāsaṭṭhidiṭṭhigataaṭṭhasatataṇhāvicaritappabhesabbadaratha- pariḷāhakilesasatasahassāni, saṅkhepato vā pañca kilesakhandhaabhisaṅkhāradevaputtamaccumāre abhañji, tasmā bhaggattā etesaṃ parissayānaṃ ‘‘bhaggavā’’ti vattabbe <span class="bld">‘‘bhagavā’’</span>ti vuccati. Āha cettha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Bhaggarāgo bhaggadoso, bhaggamoho anāsavo;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Bhaggāssa pāpakā dhammā, <span class="bld">bhagavā</span> tena vuccatī’’ti. (pārā. aṭṭha. 1.96; visuddhi. 1.144);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bhāgyavantatāya cassa satapuññajalakkhaṇavarassa rūpakāyasampatti dīpitā hoti. Bhaggadosatāya dhammakāyasampatti. Tathā lokiyasarikkhakānaṃ bahumatabhāvo<a name="M0.0230"></a>, gahaṭṭhapabbajitehi abhigamanīyatā, abhigatānañca nesaṃ kāyacittadukkhāpanayane paṭibalabhāvo, āmisadānadhammadānehi upakāritā, lokiyalokuttarasukhehi ca saññojanasamatthatā dīpitā hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā ca loke issariyadhammayasasirikāmapayattesu chasu dhammesu bhagasaddo pavattati, paramañcassa sakacitte <span class="bld">issariyaṃ,</span> aṇimālaṅghimādikaṃ vā lokiyasammataṃ sabbākāraparipūraṃ atthi, tathā lokuttaro <span class="bld">dhammo,</span> lokattayabyāpako yathābhuccaguṇādhigato ativiya parisuddho <span class="bld">yaso,</span> rūpakāyadassanabyāvaṭajananayanappasādajananasamatthā sabbākāraparipūrā sabbaṅgapaccaṅga<span class="bld">sirī,</span> yaṃ yaṃ etena icchitaṃ patthitaṃ attahitaṃ parahitaṃ vā, tassa tassa tatheva abhinipphannattā <a name="P2.0266"></a> icchiticchitatthanipphattisaññito <span class="bld">kāmo,</span> sabbalokagarubhāvappattihetubhūto sammāvāyāmasaṅkhāto <span class="bld">payatto</span> ca atthi, tasmā imehi bhagehi yuttattāpi <span class="bld">bhagā assa santī</span>ti iminā atthena <span class="bld">‘‘bhagavā’’</span>ti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā <a name="V0.0211"></a> pana kusalādīhi bhedehi sabbadhamme, khandhāyatanadhātusaccaindriyapaṭiccasamuppādādīhi vā kusalādidhamme, pīḷanasaṅkhatasantāpavipariṇāmaṭṭhena vā <span class="bld">dukkhamariyasaccaṃ,</span> āyūhananidānasaṃyogapalibodhaṭṭhena <span class="bld">samudayaṃ,</span> nissaraṇavivekāsaṅkhataamataṭṭhena nirodhaṃ, niyyānikahetudassanādhipateyyaṭṭhena <span class="bld">maggaṃ</span> vibhattavā, vibhajitvā vivaritvā desitavāti vuttaṃ hoti, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘vibhattavā’’</span>ti vattabbe <span class="bld">‘‘bhagavā’’</span>ti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā ca esa dibbabrahmaariyavihāre kāyacittaupadhiviveke suññatappaṇihitānimittavimokkhe aññe ca lokiyalokuttare uttarimanussadhamme bhaji sevi bahulamakāsi, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘bhattavā’’</span>ti vattabbe <span class="bld">‘‘bhagavā’’</span>ti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā pana tīsu bhavesu taṇhāsaṅkhātaṃ gamanaṃ anena vantaṃ, tasmā ‘‘bhavesu vantagamano’’ti vattabbe bhavasaddato bhakāraṃ gamanasaddato gakāraṃ vantasaddato vakārañca dīghaṃ katvā ādāya <span class="bld">‘‘bhagavā’’</span>ti vuccati, yathā loke ‘‘mehanassa khassa mālā’’ti vattabbe ‘‘mekhalā’’ti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Puna <a name="M0.0231"></a> aparampi pariyāyaṃ niddisanto <span class="bld">‘‘api ca bhaggarāgoti bhagavā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha bhaggo rāgo assāti bhaggarāgo. <span class="bld">Bhaggadosā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Kaṇḍako</span>ti vinivijjhanaṭṭhena kilesā eva. <span class="bld">Bhajī</span>ti uddesavasena vibhāgaṃ katvā bhājesi. <span class="bld">Vibhajī</span>ti niddesavasena vividhā bhājesi. <span class="bld">Pavibhajī</span>ti paṭiniddesavasena pakārena vibhaji. Ugghaṭitaññūnaṃ vasena <span class="bld">bhaji</span>. Vipañcitaññūnaṃ vasena <span class="bld">vibhaji</span>. Neyyānaṃ vasena <span class="bld">pavibhaji</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dhammaratana</span>nti –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Cittīkataṃ mahagghañca, atulaṃ dullabhadassanaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Anomasattaparibhogaṃ, ratanaṃ tena vuccatī’’ti. (khu. pā. aṭṭha. 6.3; dī. ni. aṭṭha. 2.33) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Evaṃ vaṇṇitaṃ dhammaratanaṃ tividhena bhājesi. <span class="bld">Bhavānaṃ</span> <a name="P2.0267"></a> <span class="bld">antakaro</span>ti kāmabhavādīnaṃ navannaṃ bhavānaṃ paricchedaṃ pariyantaṃ parivaṭumaṃ kārako. <span class="bld">Bhāvitakāyo</span>ti vaḍḍhitakāyo. Tathā itaresupi. <span class="bld">Bhajī</span>ti sevi. <span class="bld">Araññavanapatthānī</span>ti gāmassa vā nagarassa vā indakhīlato bahi araññaṃ. Vanapatthāni manussūpacārātikkantāni <a name="V0.0212"></a> vanasaṇḍāni. <span class="bld">Pantānī</span>ti yattha manussā na kasanti na vapanti dūrāni senāsanāni. Keci pana ‘‘vanapattānīti yasmā yattha byagghādayo atthi, taṃ vanaṃ te pālayanti rakkhanti, tasmā tehi rakkhitattā vanapattānī’’ti vadanti. <span class="bld">Senāsanānī</span>ti seti ceva āsati ca etthāti senāsanāni. <span class="bld">Appasaddānī</span>ti vacanasaddena appasaddāni. <span class="bld">Appanigghosānī</span>ti gāmanagaranigghosasaddena appanigghosāni. <span class="bld">Vijanavātānī</span>ti antosañcaraṇajanassa sarīravātena virahitāni. ‘‘Vijanavādānī’’tipi pāṭho, ‘‘antojanavādena virahitānī’’ti attho. ‘‘Vijanapātānī’’tipi pāṭho, ‘‘janasañcāravirahitānī’’ti attho. <span class="bld">Manussarāhasseyyakānī</span>ti manussānaṃ rahassakaraṇaṭṭhānāni. <span class="bld">Paṭisallānasāruppānī</span>ti vivekānurūpāni. <span class="bld">Bhāgī vā</span>ti ‘‘bhāgo cīvarādikoṭṭhāso assa atthī’’ti bhāgī. ‘‘Paṭilābhavasena attharasādibhāgo assa atthī’’ti bhāgī. <span class="bld">Attharasassā</span>ti hetuphalasampattisaṅkhātassa attharasassa. <span class="bld">Dhammarasassā</span>ti hetusampattisaṅkhātassa dhammarasassa. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘hetuphale ñāṇaṃ atthapaṭisambhidā, hetumhi ñāṇaṃ dhammapaṭisambhidā’’ti (vibha. 720). <span class="bld">Vimuttirasassā</span>ti phalasampattisaṅkhātassa vimuttirasassa. Vuttampi cetaṃ ‘‘kiccasampattiatthena, raso nāma pavuccatī’’ti (paṭi. ma. aṭṭha. 1.1.2 mātikāvaṇṇanā; visuddhi. 1.8).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Catunnaṃ</span> <a name="M0.0232"></a> <span class="bld">jhānāna</span>nti paṭhamajjhānādīnaṃ catunnaṃ jhānānaṃ. <span class="bld">Catunnaṃ appamaññāna</span>nti mettādīnaṃ pharaṇappamāṇavirahitānaṃ catunnaṃ brahmavihārānaṃ. <span class="bld">Catunnaṃ arūpasamāpattīna</span>nti ākāsānañcāyatanādīnaṃ catunnaṃ arūpajjhānānaṃ. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhannaṃ vimokkhāna</span>nti ‘‘rūpī rūpāni passatī’’tiādinā (dha. sa. 248) nayena vuttānaṃ ārammaṇavimuttānaṃ aṭṭhannaṃ vimokkhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Abhibhāyatanāna</span>nti <a name="P2.0268"></a> ettha abhibhūtāni āyatanāni etesaṃ jhānānanti abhibhāyatanāni, jhānāni. <span class="bld">Āyatanānī</span>ti adhiṭṭhānaṭṭhena āyatanasaṅkhātāni kasiṇārammaṇāni. Ñāṇuttariko hi puggalo visadañāṇoti kiṃ ettha ārammaṇe samāpajjitabbaṃ, na mayi cittekaggatākaraṇe bhāro atthīti tāni ārammaṇāni abhibhavitvā samāpajjati. Saha nimittuppādenevettha appanaṃ nibbattetīti attho. Evaṃ uppāditāni jhānāni abhibhāyatanānīti vuccanti, tesaṃ aṭṭhannaṃ abhibhāyatanānaṃ. <span class="bld">Navannaṃ anupubbavihārasamāpattīna</span>nti pubbaṃ pubbaṃ anu anupubbaṃ, anupubbaṃ viharitabbato samāpajjitabbato anupubbavihārasamāpatti, anupaṭipāṭiyā samāpajjitabbāti attho, tāsaṃ navannaṃ anupubbavihārasamāpattīnaṃ. <span class="bld">Dasannaṃ saññābhāvanāna</span>nti girimānandasutte (a. ni. 10.60) āgatānaṃ aniccasaññādīnaṃ dasannaṃ saññābhāvanānaṃ. <span class="bld">Dasannaṃ kasiṇasamāpattīna</span>nti sakalaṭṭhena kasiṇasaṅkhātānaṃ pathavīkasiṇajjhānādīnaṃ dasannaṃ jhānānaṃ. <span class="bld">Ānāpānassatisamādhissā</span>ti ānāpānassatisampayuttasamādhissa<a name="V0.0213"></a>. <span class="bld">Asubhasamāpattiyā</span>ti asubhajjhānasamāpattiyā. <span class="bld">Dasannaṃ tathāgatabalāna</span>nti dasabalabalānaṃ dasannaṃ. <span class="bld">Catunnaṃ vesārajjāna</span>nti visāradabhāvānaṃ catunnaṃ vesārajjānaṃ. <span class="bld">Catunnaṃ paṭisambhidāna</span>nti paṭisambhidāñāṇānaṃ catunnaṃ. <span class="bld">Channaṃ abhiññāṇāna</span>nti iddhividhādīnaṃ channaṃ abhiññāṇānaṃ. <span class="bld">Channaṃ buddhadhammāna</span>nti ‘‘sabbaṃ kāyakammaṃ ñāṇānuparivattī’’tiādinā (cūḷani. mogharājamāṇavapucchāniddesa 85; netti. 15) nayena upari āgatānaṃ channaṃ buddhadhammānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha cīvarādayo bhāgyasampattivasena vuttā. Attharasatiko <a name="P2.0269"></a> paṭivedhavasena vutto. Adhisīlatiko paṭipattivasena. Jhānattiko rūpārūpajjhānavasena. Vimokkhattiko samāpattivasena. Saññācatukko upacārappanāvasena. Satipaṭṭhānādayo sattatiṃsabodhipakkhiyadhammavasena. <span class="bld">Tathāgatabalāna</span>ntiādayo āveṇikadhammavasena vuttāti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ito <a name="M0.0233"></a> paraṃ <span class="bld">bhagavāti netaṃ nāma</span>ntiādi ‘‘atthamanugatā ayaṃ paññattī’’ti ñāpanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">samaṇā</span> pabbajjupagatā. <span class="bld">Brāhmaṇā</span> bhovādino samitapāpabāhitapāpā vā. <span class="bld">Devatā</span> sakkādayo brahmāno ca. <span class="bld">Vimokkhantika</span>nti vimokkho arahattamaggo, vimokkhassa anto arahattaphalaṃ, tasmiṃ vimokkhante bhavaṃ vimokkhantikaṃ nāmaṃ. Sabbaññubhāvo hi arahattamaggena sijjhati, arahattaphalādhigamena siddho hoti. Tasmā sabbaññubhāvo vimokkhante bhavo hoti. Taṃ nemittikampi nāmaṃ vimokkhante bhavaṃ nāma hoti. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘vimokkhantikametaṃ buddhānaṃ bhagavantāna’’nti. <span class="bld">Bodhiyā mūle saha sabbaññutaññāṇassa paṭilābhā</span>ti mahābodhirukkhamūle yathāvuttakkhaṇe sabbaññutaññāṇassa paṭilābhena saha. <span class="bld">Sacchikā paññattī</span>ti arahattaphalasacchikiriyāya sabbadhammasacchikiriyāya vā jātā paññatti. <span class="bld">Yadidaṃ bhagavā</span>ti yā ayaṃ bhagavāti paññatti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dvīhi kāraṇehī</span>ti dvīhi koṭṭhāsehi. <span class="bld">Pariyattisāsana</span>nti tepiṭakaṃ buddhavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭipattī</span>ti paṭipajjati etāyāti paṭipatti. <span class="bld">Yaṃ tassa pariyāpuṭa</span>nti tena puggalena yaṃ pariyāpuṭaṃ sajjhāyitaṃ karaṇatthe sāmivacanaṃ. ‘‘Pariyāpuṭṭa’’ntipi pāṭho. <span class="bld">Sutta</span>nti ubhatovibhaṅganiddesakhandhakaparivārā, suttanipāte maṅgalasutta- (khu. pā. 5.1 ādayo; su. ni. 261 ādayo) ratanasutta- (khu. pā. 6.1 ādayo) tuvaṭakasuttāni (su. ni. 921 ādayo), aññampi ca suttanāmakaṃ tathāgatavacanaṃ suttanti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Geyya</span>nti sabbampi sagāthakaṃ suttaṃ geyyanti veditabbaṃ, visesena saṃyuttake sakalopi sagāthāvaggo. <span class="bld">Veyyākaraṇa</span>nti <a name="P2.0270"></a> sakalaṃ abhidhammapiṭakaṃ niggāthakaṃ suttaṃ, yañca aññampi aṭṭhahi aṅgehi asaṅgahitaṃ buddhavacanaṃ<a name="V0.0214"></a>, taṃ ‘‘veyyākaraṇa’’nti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Gāthā</span>ti dhammapadaṃ, theragāthā, therīgāthā, suttanipāte nosuttanāmikā suddhikagāthā ca ‘‘gāthā’’ti veditabbā. <span class="bld">Udāna</span>nti somanassañāṇamayikagāthāpaṭisaṃyuttā dveasīti suttantā ‘‘udāna’’nti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Itivuttaka</span>nti ‘‘vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā’’tiādinayappavattā (itivu. 1 ādayo) dasuttarasatasuttantā ‘‘itivuttaka’’nti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Jātaka</span>nti apaṇṇakajātakādīni (jā. 1.1.1) paṇṇāsādhikāni pañcajātakasatāni ‘‘jātaka’’nti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Abbhutadhamma</span>nti ‘‘cattārome<a name="M0.0234"></a>, bhikkhave, acchariyā abbhutadhammā ānande’’tiādinayappavattā (dī. ni. 2.209; a. ni. 4.129) sabbepi acchariyaabbhutadhammapaṭisaṃyuttā suttantā ‘‘abbhutadhamma’’nti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Vedalla</span>nti cūḷavedalla- (ma. ni. 1.460 ādayo) mahāvedalla- (ma. ni. 1.449 ādayo) sammādiṭṭhi- (ma. ni. 1.89 ādayo) sakkapañha- (dī. ni. 2.344 ādayo) saṅkhārabhājaniyamahāpuṇṇamasuttādayo (ma. ni. 3.85 ādayo) sabbepi vedañca tuṭṭhiñca laddhā laddhā pucchitasuttantā ‘‘vedalla’’nti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Idaṃ pariyattisāsana</span>nti idaṃ vuttappakāraṃ tepiṭakaṃ buddhavacanaṃ pariyāpuṇitabbaṭṭhena pariyatti, anusāsanaṭṭhena sāsananti katvā pariyattisāsanaṃ. <span class="bld">Tampi mussatī</span>ti tampi pariyattisāsanaṃ nassati. <span class="bld">Sammussatī</span>ti ādito nassati. <span class="bld">Paribāhiro hotī</span>ti parammukho hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Katamaṃ paṭipattisāsana</span>nti lokuttaradhammato pubbabhāgo tadatthaṃ paṭipajjīyatīti paṭipatti. Sāsīyanti ettha veneyyāti sāsanaṃ. <span class="bld">Sammāpaṭipadā</span>tiādayo vuttanayā eva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pāṇampi hanatī</span>ti jīvitindriyampi ghāteti. <span class="bld">Adinnampi ādiyatī</span>ti parapariggahitampi vatthuṃ gaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Sandhimpi chindatī</span>ti gharasandhimpi chindati. <span class="bld">Nillopampi haratī</span>ti gāme paharitvā mahāvilopampi karoti. <span class="bld">Ekāgārikampi</span> <a name="P2.0271"></a> <span class="bld">karotī</span>ti paṇṇāsamattehipi saṭṭhimattehipi parivāretvā jīvaggāhaṃ gahetvāpi dhanaṃ āharāpeti. <span class="bld">Paripanthepi tiṭṭhatī</span>ti panthadūhanakammaṃ karoti. <span class="bld">Paradārampi gacchatī</span>ti paradāresu cārittaṃ āpajjati. <span class="bld">Musāpi bhaṇatī</span>ti atthabhañjanakaṃ musāpi vadati. <span class="bld">Anariyadhammo</span>ti anariyasabhāvo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para51"></a><span class="paranum">51</span>. <span class="bld">Eko pubbe caritvānā</span>ti pabbajjāsaṅkhātena vā gaṇāvavassaggaṭṭhena vā pubbe loke viharitvā. <span class="bld">Yānaṃ bhantaṃva taṃ loke, hīnamāhu puthujjana</span>nti taṃ vibbhantakaṃ puggalaṃ yathā hatthiyānādiyānaṃ adantaṃ visamampi ārohati, ārohanakampi bhañjati, papātepi papatati, evaṃ <a name="V0.0215"></a> kāyaduccaritādivisamārohanena nirayādīsu, atthabhañjanena jātipapātādīsu papatanena ca yānaṃ bhantaṃva hīnaṃ puthujjanañca āhūti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pabbajjāsaṅkhātena vā</span>ti pabbajjākoṭṭhāsena vā ‘‘pabbajito samaṇo’’ti gaṇanāropanena vā. <span class="bld">Gaṇāvavassaggaṭṭhena vā</span>ti gaṇasaṅgaṇikārāmataṃ vissajjetvā vassaggaṭṭhena vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Eko</span> <a name="M0.0235"></a> <span class="bld">paṭikkamatī</span>ti ekakova gāmato nivattati. <span class="bld">Yo nisevatī</span>ti niddesassa uddesapadaṃ. <span class="bld">Aparena samayenā</span>ti aññasmiṃ kāle aparabhāge. <span class="bld">Buddha</span>nti sabbaññubuddhaṃ. <span class="bld">Dhamma</span>nti svākkhātatādiguṇayuttaṃ dhammaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṅgha</span>nti suppaṭipannatādiguṇayuttaṃ saṅghaṃ. <span class="bld">Sikkha</span>nti adhisīlādisikkhitabbaṃ sikkhaṃ. <span class="bld">Paccakkhāyā</span>ti buddhādiṃ paṭikkhipitvā. <span class="bld">Hīnāyā</span>ti hīnatthāya gihibhāvāya. <span class="bld">Āvattitvā</span>ti nivattitvā. <span class="bld">Sevati</span> ekavāraṃ sevati. <span class="bld">Nisevati</span> anekavidhena sevati. <span class="bld">Saṃsevati</span> allīyitvā sevati. <span class="bld">Paṭisevati</span> punappunaṃ sevati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhanta</span>nti vibbhantaṃ. <span class="bld">Adanta</span>nti dantabhāvaṃ anupanītaṃ. <span class="bld">Akārita</span>nti susikkhitakiriyaṃ asikkhāpitaṃ. <span class="bld">Avinīta</span>nti na vinītaṃ ācārasampattiyā asikkhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Uppathaṃ gaṇhātī</span>ti vuttappakāraṃ yānaṃ adantātiyuttaṃ bhantaṃ visamamaggaṃ upeti. <span class="bld">Visamaṃ khāṇumpi pāsāṇampi abhiruhatī</span>ti visamaṃ hutvā ṭhitaṃ kharakhāṇumpi tathā <a name="P2.0272"></a> pabbatapāsāṇampi ārohati. <span class="bld">Yānampi ārohanakampi bhañjatī</span>ti vayhādiyānaṃ ārohantassa pājentassa hatthapādādimpi bhindati. <span class="bld">Papātepi papatatī</span>ti ekatocchinnapabbhārapapātepi pāteti. <span class="bld">So vibbhantako</span>ti so paṭikkantako. <span class="bld">Bhantayānapaṭibhāgo</span>ti anavaṭṭhitayānasadiso. <span class="bld">Uppathaṃ gaṇhātī</span>ti kusalakammapathato paṭikkamitvā apāyapathabhūtaṃ uppathaṃ micchāmaggaṃ upeti. <span class="bld">Visamaṃ kāyakammaṃ abhiruhatī</span>ti samassa paṭipakkhaṃ kāyaduccaritasaṅkhātaṃ visamaṃ kāyakammaṃ ārohati. Sesesupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Niraye attānaṃ bhañjatī</span>ti nirassādasaṅkhāte niraye attabhāvaṃ cuṇṇavicuṇṇaṃ karoti. <span class="bld">Manussaloke attānaṃ bhañjatī</span>ti vividhakammakāraṇavasena bhañjati. <span class="bld">Devaloke attānaṃ bhañjatī</span>ti piyavippayogādidukkhavasena. <span class="bld">Jātipapātampi papatatī</span>ti jātipapātepi pāteti. <span class="bld">Jarāpapātā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Manussaloke</span>ti idha adhippetalokameva dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Puthujjanā</span>ti niddesassa uddesapadaṃ. Tattha puthujjanāti –</p>
<p class="gatha1">Puthūnaṃ <a name="V0.0216"></a> jananādīhi, kāraṇehi puthujjano;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Puthujjanantogadhattā, puthuvāyaṃ jano iti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">So <a name="M0.0236"></a> hi puthūnaṃ nānappakārānaṃ kilesādīnaṃ jananādīhipi kāraṇehi puthujjano. Taṃ vibhāgato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘puthu kilese janentī’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha bahūnaṃ nānappakārānaṃ sakkāyadiṭṭhīnaṃ avihatattā vā tā janenti, tāhi janitāti vā puthujjanā. Avihatamevatthaṃ janasaddo vadati. <span class="bld">Puthu satthārānaṃ mukhullokikā</span>ti ettha puthū nānājanā satthupaṭiññā etesanti puthujjanāti vacanattho. <span class="bld">Puthu sabbagatīhi avuṭṭhitā</span>ti ettha janetabbā janayanti etthāti janā, gatiyo. Puthū janā etesanti puthujjanā. Ito pare jāyanti etehīti janā, abhisaṅkhārādayo. Te etesaṃ vijjantīti puthujjanā. Abhisaṅkharaṇādiattho eva vā janasaddo daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Nānāsantāpehi santapantī</span>ti rāgaggiādayo santāpā. Te eva vā sabbepi vā kilesā pariḷāhā. <span class="bld">Puthu</span> <a name="P2.0273"></a> <span class="bld">pañcasu kāmaguṇesū</span>ti ettha jāyatīti jano, rāgo gedhoti evamādiko, puthu jano etesanti puthujjanā. Puthu jātā rattāti evaṃ rāgādiattho eva vā janasaddo daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Palibuddhā</span>ti sambaddhā. <span class="bld">Āvutā</span>ti āvaritā. <span class="bld">Nivutā</span>ti vāritā. <span class="bld">Ovutā</span>ti uparito pihitā. <span class="bld">Pihitā</span>ti heṭṭhābhāgena pihitā. <span class="bld">Paṭicchannā</span>ti apākaṭā. <span class="bld">Paṭikujjitā</span>ti adhomukhagatā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha vā puthūnaṃ vā gaṇanapathamatītānaṃ ariyadhammaparammukhānaṃ nīcadhammasamācārānaṃ janānaṃ antogadhattāpi puthujjanā. Puthu vā ayaṃ visuṃyeva saṅkhaṃ gato, visaṃsaṭṭho sīlasutādiguṇayuttehi ariyehi janotipi puthujjano.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ ye te –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Duve puthujjanā vuttā, buddhenādiccabandhunā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Andho puthujjano eko, kalyāṇeko puthujjano’’ti. –</p>
<p class="unindented">Dveva puthujjanā vuttā, tesu andhaputhujjano vutto hotīti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para52"></a><span class="paranum">52</span>. <span class="bld">Yaso kitti cā</span>ti lābhasakkāro pasaṃsā ca. <span class="bld">Pubbe</span>ti pabbajitabhāve. <span class="bld">Hāyate vāpi tassa sā</span>ti tassa vibbhantakassa sato so <a name="M0.0237"></a> ca yaso sā ca kitti hāyati. <span class="bld">Etampi disvā</span>ti <a name="V0.0217"></a> etampi pubbe yasakittīnaṃ lābhaṃ pacchā ca hāniṃ disvā. <span class="bld">Sikkhetha methunaṃ vippahātave</span>ti tisso sikkhāyo sikkhetha. Kiṃ kāraṇā? <span class="bld">Methunaṃ vippahātave,</span> methunappahānatthāyāti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kittivaṇṇagato</span>ti bhagavā kittivaṇṇo, kittisaddañceva guṇañca ukkhipitvā vadanto hotīti attho. Cittaṃ nānānayena kathanaṃ assa atthīti <span class="bld">cittakathī. Kalyāṇapaṭibhāno</span>ti sundarapañño.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Hāyatī</span>ti niddesassa uddesapadaṃ. <span class="bld">Parihāyatī</span>ti samantato hāyati. <span class="bld">Paridhaṃsatī</span>ti adhopathaviṃ patati. <span class="bld">Paripatatī</span>ti <a name="P2.0274"></a> samantato apagacchati. <span class="bld">Antaradhāyatī</span>ti adassanaṃ yāti. <span class="bld">Vippalujjatī</span>ti ucchijjati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Khuddako sīlakkhandho</span>ti thullaccayādi. <span class="bld">Mahanto sīlakkhandho</span>ti pārājikasaṃṅghādiseso.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Methunadhammassa pahānāyā</span>ti tadaṅgādipahānena pajahanatthāya. <span class="bld">Vūpasamāyā</span>ti malānaṃ vūpasamanatthāya. <span class="bld">Paṭinissaggāyā</span>ti pakkhandanapariccāgapaṭinissaggatthāya. <span class="bld">Paṭipassaddhiyā</span>ti paṭipassaddhisaṅkhātassa phalassa atthāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para53"></a><span class="paranum">53</span>. Yo hi methunaṃ na vippajahati <span class="bld">saṅkappehi…pe… tathāvidho</span>. Tattha <span class="bld">pareto</span>ti samannāgato. <span class="bld">Paresaṃ nigghosa</span>nti upajjhāyādīnaṃ nindāvacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Maṅku hotī</span>ti dummano hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāmasaṅkappenā</span>ti kāmapaṭisaṃyuttena vitakkena. Upariṭṭhepi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Phuṭṭho</span>ti vitakkehi phusito. <span class="bld">Pareto</span>ti aparihīno. <span class="bld">Samohito</span>ti sammā ohito anto paviṭṭho. <span class="bld">Kapaṇo viyā</span>ti duggatamanusso viya. <span class="bld">Mando viyā</span>ti aññāṇī viya. <span class="bld">Momūho viyā</span>ti sammohabhūto viya. <span class="bld">Jhāyatī</span>ti cinteti. <span class="bld">Pajjhāyatī</span>ti bhusaṃ cinteti. <span class="bld">Nijjhāyatī</span>ti anekavidhena cinteti. <span class="bld">Apajjhāyatī</span>ti tato apagantvā cinteti. <span class="bld">Ulūko</span>ti ulūkasakuṇo. <span class="bld">Rukkhasākhāya</span>nti rukkhe uṭṭhitasākhāya, viṭape vā. <span class="bld">Mūsikaṃ magayamāno</span>ti mūsikaṃ gavesamāno, ‘‘maggayamāno’’tipi paṭhanti. <span class="bld">Kotthū</span>ti siṅgālo. <span class="bld">Biḷāro</span>ti babbu. <span class="bld">Sandhisamalasaṅkaṭire</span>ti <a name="M0.0238"></a> dvinnaṃ gharānaṃ antare ca udakaniddhamanacikkhallakacavaranikkhipanaṭṭhāne ca thaṇḍile ca. <span class="bld">Vahacchinno</span>ti piṭṭhigīvamaṃsacchinno. Ito parā gāthā pākaṭasambandhā eva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para54"></a><span class="paranum">54</span>. Tāsu <a name="V0.0218"></a> <span class="bld">satthānī</span>ti kāyaduccaritādīni. Tāni hi attano paresañca chedanaṭṭhena ‘‘satthānī’’ti vuccanti. Tesu vāyaṃ visesena tāva ādito musāvacanasatthāneva karoti, ‘‘iminā kāraṇenāhaṃ vibbhanto’’ti bhaṇanto. Tenevāha – <span class="bld">‘‘esa khvassa mahāgedho</span><a name="P2.0275"></a>, <span class="bld">mosavajjaṃ pagāhatī’’</span>ti. Tattha<span class="bld"> esa khvassā</span>ti esa kho assa.<span class="bld"> Mahāgedho</span>ti mahābandhanaṃ. Katamoti ce? Yadidaṃ mosavajjaṃ pagāhati, svāyaṃ musāvādajjhogāho ‘‘mahāgedho’’ti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tīṇi satthānī</span>ti tayo chedakā. Kāyaduccaritaṃ <span class="bld">kāyasatthaṃ. Vacīsatthā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo. Taṃ vibhāgato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tividhaṃ kāyaduccaritaṃ kāyasattha’’</span>nti āha. <span class="bld">Sampajānamusā bhāsatī</span>ti jānanto tucchaṃ vācaṃ bhāsati. <span class="bld">Abhirato ahaṃ bhante ahosiṃ pabbajjāyā</span>ti sāsane pabbajjāya anabhirativirahito ahaṃ āsiṃ. <span class="bld">Mātā me posetabbā</span>ti mātā mayā posetabbā. <span class="bld">Tenamhi vibbhantoti bhaṇatī</span>ti tena kāraṇena paṭikkanto asmītipi katheti. <span class="bld">Pitā me posetabbo</span>tiādīsupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Eso tassa mahāgedho</span>ti tassa puggalassa eso mahābandho. <span class="bld">Mahāvana</span>nti mahantaṃ duṭṭhavanaṃ. <span class="bld">Gahana</span>nti duratikkamaṃ. <span class="bld">Kantāro</span>ti corakantārādisadiso. <span class="bld">Visamo</span>ti kaṇṭakavisamo. <span class="bld">Kuṭilo</span>ti vaṅkakaṭakasadiso. <span class="bld">Paṅko</span>ti pallalasadiso. <span class="bld">Palipo</span>ti kaddamasadiso. <span class="bld">Palibodho</span>ti mahādukkho. <span class="bld">Mahābandhana</span>nti mahantaṃ dumocayabandhanaṃ. <span class="bld">Yadidaṃ sampajānamusāvādo</span>ti yo ayaṃ sampajānamusāvādo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabhaggato vā</span>ti sabhāyaṃ ṭhito vā. <span class="bld">Parisaggato vā</span>ti gāmaparisāyaṃ ṭhito vā. <span class="bld">Ñātimajjhagato vā</span>ti dāyādānaṃ majjhe ṭhito vā. <span class="bld">Pūgamajjhagato vā</span>ti senīnaṃ majjhe ṭhito vā. <span class="bld">Rājakulamajjhagato vā</span>ti rājakulassa majjhe mahāvinicchaye ṭhito vā. <span class="bld">Abhinīto</span>ti pucchanatthāya nīto. <span class="bld">Sakkhipuṭṭho</span>ti sakkhiṃ katvā pucchito. <span class="bld">Ehambho purisā</span>ti <a name="M0.0239"></a> ālapanametaṃ. <span class="bld">Attahetu vā parahetu vā</span>ti attano vā parassa vā hatthapādādihetu vā dhanahetu vā. <span class="bld">Āmisakiñcikkhahetu vā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">āmisa</span>nti lābho adhippeto. <span class="bld">Kiñcikkha</span>nti yaṃ vā taṃ vā appamattakaṃ, antamaso tittiravaṭṭakasappipiṇḍanavanītapiṇḍādimattakassapi lābhassa hetūti <a name="P2.0276"></a> attho. <span class="bld">Sampajānamusā bhāsatī</span>ti jānantoyeva musāvādaṃ karoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Puna aññaṃ pariyāyaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘api ca tīhākārehi musāvādo hoti, pubbevassa hotī’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">tīhākārehī</span>ti sampajānamusāvādassa aṅgabhūtehi tīhi kāraṇehi. <span class="bld">Pubbevassa</span> <a name="V0.0219"></a> <span class="bld">hotī</span>ti pubbabhāgeyeva assa puggalassa evaṃ hoti ‘‘musā bhaṇissa’’nti. <span class="bld">Bhaṇantassa hotī</span>ti bhaṇamānassa hoti. <span class="bld">Bhaṇitassa hotī</span>ti bhaṇite assa hoti. Yaṃ vattabbaṃ tasmiṃ vutte hotīti attho. Atha vā <span class="bld">bhaṇitassā</span>ti vuttavato niṭṭhitavacanassa hotīti. Yo evaṃ pubbabhāgepi jānāti, bhaṇantopi jānāti, pacchāpi jānāti ‘‘musā mayā bhaṇita’’nti, so evaṃ vadanto musāvādakammunā bajjhatīti ayamettha attho dassito. Kiñcāpi dassito, atha kho ayamettha viseso – pucchā tāva hoti, ‘‘musā bhaṇissa’’nti pubbabhāgo atthi, ‘‘musā mayā bhaṇita’’nti pacchābhāgo natthi. Vuttamattameva hi koci pamussati kiṃ tassa musāvādo hoti, na hotīti? Sā evaṃ <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathāsu</span> vissajjitā – pubbabhāge ‘‘musā bhaṇissa’’nti ca, bhaṇantassa ‘‘musā bhaṇāmī’’ti ca jānato pacchābhāge ‘‘musā mayā bhaṇita’’nti na sakkā na bhavituṃ, sacepi na hoti, musāvādoyeva. Purimameva hi aṅgadvayaṃ pamāṇaṃ. Yassāpi pubbabhāge ‘‘musā bhaṇissa’’nti ābhogo natthi, bhaṇanto pana ‘‘musā bhaṇāmī’’ti jānāti. Bhaṇitepi ‘‘musā mayā bhaṇita’’nti jānāti. So musāvādena na kāretabbo. Pubbabhāgo hi pamāṇataro. Tasmiṃ asati davā bhaṇitaṃ vā, ravā bhaṇitaṃ vā hotīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca taṃñāṇatā ca ñāṇasamodhānañca pariccajitabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Taṃñāṇatā pariccajitabbā</span>ti yena cittena ‘‘musā bhaṇissa’’nti jānāti, teneva ‘‘musā bhaṇāmī’’ti ca, ‘‘musā mayā bhaṇita’’nti ca jānātīti evaṃ ekacitteneva tīsu khaṇesu jānātīti ayaṃ taṃñāṇatā pariccajitabbā. Na <a name="M0.0240"></a> hi sakkā teneva cittena taṃ cittaṃ jānituṃ, yathā na sakkā teneva asinā so asi chinditunti. Purimaṃ purimaṃ pana cittaṃ pacchimassa pacchimassa cittassa tathā uppattiyā paccayo hutvā nirujjhati. Tenetaṃ vuccati –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Pamāṇaṃ <a name="P2.0277"></a> pubbabhāgova, tasmiṃ sati na hessati;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sesadvayanti nattheta, miti vācā tivaṅgikā’’ti. (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.200);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ñāṇasamodhānaṃ pariccajitabbanti etāni tīṇi cittāni ekakkhaṇe uppajjantīti na gahetabbāni. Idañhi cittaṃ nāma –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Aniruddhamhi paṭhame, na uppajjati pacchimaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Nirantaruppajjanato, ekaṃ viya pakāsatī’’ti. (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.200);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ito <a name="V0.0220"></a> paraṃ pana yvāyaṃ ajānaṃyeva ‘‘jānāmī’’tiādinā nayena sampajānamusā bhaṇati, yasmā so ‘‘idaṃ abhūta’’nti evaṃdiṭṭhiko hoti, tassa hi attheva ayaṃ laddhi. Tathā ‘‘idaṃ abhūta’’nti evamassa khamati ceva ruccati ca. Evamassa saññā, evaṃsabhāvameva cassa cittaṃ ‘‘idaṃ abhūta’’nti. Yadā pana musā vattukāmo hoti, tadā taṃ diṭṭhiṃ vā diṭṭhiyā saha khantiṃ vā diṭṭhikhantīhi saddhiṃ ruciṃ vā diṭṭhikhantirucīhi saddhiṃ saññaṃ vā diṭṭhikhantirucisaññāhi saddhiṃ bhāvaṃ vā vinidhāya nikkhipitvā paṭicchādetvā abhūtaṃ katvā bhaṇati. Tasmā tesampivasena aṅgabhedaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘api ca catūhākārehī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca <span class="bld">vinidhāya diṭṭhi</span>nti balavadhammavinidhānavasenetaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Vinidhāya khanti</span>ntiādīni tato dubbaladubbalānaṃ vinidhānavasena. <span class="bld">Vinidhāya sañña</span>nti idaṃ panettha sabbadubbaladhammavinidhānavasena. Saññāmattampi nāma avinidhāya sampajānamusā bhāsissatīti netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para55"></a><span class="paranum">55</span>. <span class="bld">Mandova parikissatī</span>ti pāṇavadhādīni karonto tatonidānañca dukkhamanubhonto bhogapariyesanārakkhaṇāni ca karonto momūho viya parikilissati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tamenaṃ rājāno gahetvā vividhā kammakāraṇā kārentī</span>ti na rājāno karonti, rājādhīnapurisā nānāvidhāni kammakāraṇāni karonti. <span class="bld">Kasāhipi</span> <a name="M0.0241"></a> <span class="bld">tāḷentī</span>ti kasādaṇḍakehipi vitajjenti. <span class="bld">Vettehī</span>ti vettalatāhi. <span class="bld">Addhadaṇḍakehī</span>ti <a name="P2.0278"></a> muggarehi, pahārasādhanatthaṃ vā catuhatthadaṇḍaṃ dvedhā chetvā gahitadaṇḍakehi. <span class="bld">Bilaṅgathālika</span>nti kañjiyaukkhalikakammakāraṇaṃ. Taṃ <a name="V0.0221"></a> karontā sīsakapālaṃ uppāṭetvā tattaṃ ayoguḷaṃ saṇḍāsena gahetvā tattha pakkhipanti, tena matthaluṅgaṃ pakkuṭṭhitvā upari uttarati. <span class="bld">Saṅkhamuṇḍika</span>nti saṅkhamuṇḍakammakāraṇaṃ. Taṃ karontā uttaroṭṭhaubhatokaṇṇacūḷikagalavāṭakaparicchedena cammaṃ chinditvā sabbakese ekato gaṇṭhiṃ katvā daṇḍakena veṭhetvā uppāṭenti, saha kesehi cammaṃ uṭṭhahati. Tato sīsakaṭāhaṃ thūlasakkharāhi ghaṃsitvā dhovantā saṅkhavaṇṇaṃ karonti. <span class="bld">Rāhumukha</span>nti rāhumukhakammakāraṇaṃ. Taṃ karontā saṅkunā mukhaṃ vivaritvā antomukhe dīpaṃ jālenti, kaṇṇacūḷikāhi vā paṭṭhāya mukhaṃ nikhādanena khananti, lohitaṃ paggharitvā mukhaṃ pūreti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Jotimālika</span>nti sakalasarīraṃ telapilotikāya veṭhetvā ālimpenti. <span class="bld">Hatthapajjotika</span>nti hatthe telapilotikāya veṭhetvā dīpaṃ viya pajjālenti. <span class="bld">Erakavattika</span>nti erakavattakammakāraṇaṃ. Taṃ karontā heṭṭhāgīvato paṭṭhāya cammavaṭṭe kantitvā gopphake pātenti. Atha naṃ yottehi bandhitvā kaḍḍhanti. So attano cammavaṭṭe akkamitvā akkamitvā patati. <span class="bld">Cirakavāsika</span>nti cirakavāsikakammakāraṇaṃ. Taṃ karontā tatheva cammavaṭṭe kantitvā kaṭiyaṃ ṭhapenti, kaṭito paṭṭhāya kantitvā gopphakesu ṭhapenti, uparimehi heṭṭhimasarīraṃ cirakanivāsananivatthaṃ viya hoti. <span class="bld">Eṇeyyaka</span>nti eṇeyyakakammakāraṇaṃ. Taṃ karontā ubhosu kapparesu ca ubhosu jaṇṇukesu ca ayavalayāni datvā ayasūlāni koṭṭenti, so catūhi ayasūlehi bhūmiyaṃ patiṭṭhahati. Atha naṃ parivāretvā aggiṃ karonti. ‘‘Eṇeyyako jotipariggaho yathā’’ti āgataṭṭhānepi idameva vuttaṃ. Taṃ sandhito sandhito sūlāni apanetvā catūhi aṭṭhikoṭīhiyeva ṭhapenti. Evarūpā kammakāraṇā nāma natthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Baḷisamaṃsika</span>nti <a name="P2.0279"></a> ubhatomukhehi baḷisehi paharitvā cammamaṃsanhārūni uppāṭenti. <span class="bld">Kahāpaṇika</span>nti sakalasarīraṃ tiṇhāhi vāsīhi koṭito paṭṭhāya kahāpaṇamattaṃ kahāpaṇamattaṃ pātentā koṭṭenti. <span class="bld">Khārāpatacchika</span>nti sarīraṃ <a name="M0.0242"></a> tattha tattha āvudhehi paharitvā kocchehi khāraṃ ghaṃsenti, cammamaṃsanhārūni paggharitvā pasavanti, aṭṭhikasaṅkhalikāva tiṭṭhati. <span class="bld">Palighaparivattika</span>nti ekena passena nipajjāpetvā kaṇṇacchiddena ayasūlaṃ koṭṭetvā pathaviyā ekābaddhaṃ karonti. Atha naṃ pāde gahetvā āviñchanti. <span class="bld">Palālapīṭhaka</span>nti chekā kāraṇikā chavicammaṃ acchinditvā nisadapotakāhi aṭṭhīni chinditvā kesesu gahetvā ukkhipanti, maṃsarāsiyeva hoti. Atha naṃ keseheva pariyonandhitvā gaṇhanti, palālapīṭhaṃ viya katvā paliveṭhenti. <span class="bld">Sunakhehipī</span>ti katipayāni divasāni āhāraṃ adatvā chātasunakhehi khādāpenti. Te muhuttena aṭṭhisaṅkhalikameva karonti. <span class="bld">Evampi kissatī</span>ti evampi vighātaṃ pāpuṇāti. <span class="bld">Parikissatī</span>ti sabbabhāgena vighātaṃ pāpuṇāti. <span class="bld">Parikilissatī</span>ti upatāpaṃ pāpuṇāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Puna aññaṃ kāraṇaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘atha vā kāmataṇhāya abhibhūto’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">kāmataṇhāyā</span>ti pañcakāmaguṇikalobhena. <span class="bld">Abhibhūto</span>ti tena maddito. <span class="bld">Pariyādinnacitto</span>ti kusalācāraṃ khepetvā gahitacitto. <span class="bld">Bhoge pariyesanto</span>ti dhanaṃ gavesamāno. <span class="bld">Nāvāya mahāsamuddaṃ pakkhandatī</span>ti taraṇīsaṅkhātāya nāvāya mahantaṃ loṇasāgaraṃ pavisati. <span class="bld">Sītassa purakkhato</span>ti sītaṃ purato katvā. <span class="bld">Uṇhassa purakkhato</span>ti uṇhaṃ purato katvā. <span class="bld">Ḍaṃsā</span>ti piṅgalamakkhikā. <span class="bld">Makasā</span>ti makasā eva. <span class="bld">Pīḷiyamāno</span>ti ḍaṃsādisamphassehi vihesiyamāno. <span class="bld">Khuppipāsāya miyyamāno</span>ti khuddāpipāsāya maramāno. <span class="bld">Tigumbaṃ gacchatī</span>tiādīni <span class="bld">mūlapadaṃ gacchatī</span>tipariyosānāni catuvīsati padāni raṭṭhanāmena vuttāni. <span class="bld">Marukantāraṃ</span> <a name="P2.0280"></a> <span class="bld">gacchatī</span>ti vālukakantāraṃ tārakasaññāya gacchati<a name="V0.0222"></a>. <span class="bld">Jaṇṇupatha</span>nti jāṇūhi gantabbamaggaṃ. <span class="bld">Ajapatha</span>nti ajehi gantabbamaggaṃ. <span class="bld">Meṇḍapathe</span>pi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saṅkupatha</span>nti khāṇuke koṭṭetvā tehi uggamitabbaṃ khāṇumaggaṃ, taṃ gacchanto pabbatapāde ṭhatvā ayasiṅghāṭakaṃ yottena bandhitvā uddhaṃ khipitvā pabbate laggāpetvā yottenāruyha vajiraggena lohadaṇḍena pabbataṃ vijjhitvā khāṇukaṃ koṭṭetvā tattha ṭhatvā siṅghāṭakaṃ ākaḍḍhitvā puna upari laggāpetvā tattha ṭhito cammayottaṃ olambetvā taṃ ādāya otaritvā heṭṭhimakhāṇuke bandhitvā vāmahatthena yottaṃ gahetvā dakkhiṇahatthena muggaraṃ ādāya yottaṃ paharitvā khāṇukaṃ nīharitvā puna <a name="M0.0243"></a> abhiruhati. Etenupāyena pabbatamatthakaṃ abhiruyha parato otaranto purimanayeneva paṭhamaṃ pabbatamatthake khāṇukaṃ koṭṭetvā cammapasibbake yottaṃ bandhitvā khāṇuke veṭhetvā sayaṃ antopasibbake nisīditvā makkaṭakānaṃ suttavissajjanākārena yottaṃ viniveṭhetvā otarati. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘khāṇuke koṭṭetvā tehi uggamitabbaṃ khāṇumagga’’nti. <span class="bld">Chattapatha</span>nti cammachattena vātaṃ gāhāpetvā sakuṇehi viya otaritabbaṃ maggaṃ. <span class="bld">Vaṃsapatha</span>nti veṇugumbachedanasatthena chinditvā rukkhaṃ pharasunā koṭṭetvā maggaṃ karonto veḷuvane nisseṇiṃ katvā veḷugumbe āruyha veḷuṃ chinditvā aparassa veḷugumbassa upari pātetvā veḷugumbamatthakeneva gantabbaṃ maggaṃ sandhāya ‘‘vaṃsapathaṃ gacchatī’’ti vuttanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gavesanto na vindati, alābhamūlakampi dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedetī</span>ti avindanamūlakampi kāyikacetasikaṃ dukkhaṃ paṭilabhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Laddhā</span>ti labhitvā. <span class="bld">Ārakkhamūlaka</span>nti rakkhaṇamūlakampi. <span class="bld">Kinti me bhoge</span>ti kena upāyena mama bhoge. <span class="bld">Neva rājāno hareyyuṃ…pe… na appiyā dāyādā hareyyu</span>nti. <span class="bld">Gopayato</span>ti mañjūsādīhi gopayantassa. <span class="bld">Vippalujjantī</span>ti vinassanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para56"></a><span class="paranum">56</span>. <span class="bld">Etamādīnavaṃ</span> <a name="P2.0281"></a> <span class="bld">ñatvā, muni pubbāpare idhā</span>ti etaṃ ‘‘yaso kitti ca yā pubbe, hāyate vāpi tassa sā’’ti ito pabhuti vutte pubbāpare idha imasmiṃ sāsane pubbato apare samaṇabhāvato vibbhantakabhāve ādīnavaṃ muni ñatvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Daḷhaṃ kareyyā</span>ti niddesapadassa uddesapadaṃ. <span class="bld">Thiraṃ kareyyā</span>ti asithilaṃ kareyya. <span class="bld">Daḷhaṃ samādāno assā</span>ti thirapaṭiñño bhaveyya. <span class="bld">Avaṭṭhitasamādāno</span>ti sanniṭṭhānapaṭiñño.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para57"></a><span class="paranum">57</span>. <span class="bld">Etaṃ</span> <a name="V0.0223"></a> <span class="bld">ariyānamuttama</span>nti yadidaṃ vivekacariyā, etaṃ buddhādīnaṃ ariyānaṃ uttamaṃ. Tasmā vivekaṃyeva sikkhethāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Na tena seṭṭho maññethā</span>ti tena ca vivekena attānaṃ ‘‘seṭṭho aha’’nti na maññeyya, tena mānathaddho na bhaveyyāti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Unnati</span>nti <a name="M0.0244"></a> ussāpanaṃ. <span class="bld">Unnama</span>nti uggantvā paṭṭhapanaṃ. <span class="bld">Māna</span>nti ahaṃkāraṃ. <span class="bld">Thāma</span>nti balakkāraṃ. <span class="bld">Thambha</span>nti thaddhakaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Thaddho</span>ti amaddavo. <span class="bld">Patthaddho</span>ti visesena amaddavo. <span class="bld">Paggahitasiro</span>ti uṭṭhitasīso. <span class="bld">Sāmantā</span>ti na ārakā. <span class="bld">Āsanne</span>ti na dūre. <span class="bld">Avidūre</span>ti samīpe. <span class="bld">Upakaṭṭhe</span>ti santike.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para58"></a><span class="paranum">58</span>. <span class="bld">Rittassā</span>ti vivittassa, kāyaduccaritādīhi virahitassa. <span class="bld">Oghatiṇṇassa pihayanti, kāmesu gadhitā pajā</span>ti vatthukāmesu laggā sattā tassa caturoghatiṇṇassa pihayanti iṇāyikā viya āṇaṇyassāti arahattanikūṭena desanaṃ niṭṭhāpesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rittassā</span>ti sabbakilesehi tucchassa. <span class="bld">Vivittassā</span>ti suññassa. <span class="bld">Pavivittassā</span>ti ekakassa. Idāni yehi ritto hoti, te dassento <span class="bld">‘‘kāyaduccaritena rittassā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha kilesapaṭipāṭiyā maggapaṭipāṭiyāti dvidhā rittatā veditabbā. Kilesapaṭipāṭiyā tāva rāgo moho thambho sārambho māno madoti, imehi chahi kilesehi arahattamaggena ritto hoti; doso kodho upanāho pamādoti, imehi catūhi kilesehi anāgāmimaggena <a name="P2.0282"></a> ritto hoti; atimāno makkho paḷāso issā macchariyaṃ māyā sāṭheyyanti, imehi sattahi sotāpattimaggena ritto hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Maggapaṭipāṭiyā pana sotāpattimaggena atimāno makkho paḷāso issā macchariyaṃ māyā sāṭheyyanti; imehi sattahi ritto hoti, anāgāmimaggena doso kodho upanāho pamādoti, imehi catūhi ritto hoti; arahattamaggena rāgo moho thambho sārambho māno madoti, imehi chahi ritto hoti. Tīṇi duccaritāni sabbakilesehītiādinā nayena avasesāpi yathāyogaṃ yojetabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vatthukāme</span> <a name="M0.0245"></a> <span class="bld">parijānitvā</span>ti tebhūmake vatthukāme ñātatīraṇapariññāhi samāpanavasena jānitvā. <span class="bld">Kilesakāme pahāyā</span>ti chandādayo kilesakāme pahānapariññāya jahitvā. <span class="bld">Byantiṃ karitvā</span>ti vigatantaṃ vigatakoṭiṃ karitvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāmoghaṃ</span> <a name="V0.0224"></a> <span class="bld">tiṇṇassā</span>ti anāgāmimaggena avasānasaṅkhātaṃ kāmoghaṃ taritvā ṭhitassa. <span class="bld">Bhavogha</span>nti arahattamaggena. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhogha</span>nti sotāpattimaggena. <span class="bld">Avijjogha</span>nti arahattamaggena. <span class="bld">Sabbaṃ saṃsārapatha</span>nti sabbakhandhadhātuāyatanapaṭipāṭisaṅkhātaṃ pathaṃ arahattamaggeneva taritvā ṭhitassa. Sotāpattimaggena <span class="bld">uttiṇṇassa</span>. Sakadāgāmimaggena <span class="bld">nittiṇṇassa</span>. Anāgāmimaggena kāmadhātuṃ <span class="bld">atikkantassa</span>. Arahattamaggena sabbabhavaṃ <span class="bld">samatikkantassa</span>. Phalasamāpattivasena <span class="bld">vītivattassa. Pāraṃgatassā</span>tiādīni nibbānavasena vuttāni. <span class="bld">Yathā iṇāyikā āṇaṇya</span>nti pavaḍḍhakaiṇaṃ ādāya vicarantā āṇaṇyaṃ. <span class="bld">Patthentī</span>ti patthanaṃ uppādenti. <span class="bld">Ābādhikā ārogya</span>nti pittādirogāturo bhesajjakiriyāya taṃrogavūpasamanatthaṃ ārogyaṃ. <span class="bld">Yathā bandhanabaddhā</span>ti nakkhattadivase bandhanāgāre baddhapurisā. <span class="bld">Yathā dāsā bhujissa</span>nti yasmā bhujissā purisā yaṃ icchanti, taṃ karonti, na naṃ koci balakkārena tato nivatteti, tasmā dāsā bhujissabhāvaṃ patthenti. <span class="bld">Yathā kantāraddhānapakkhandā</span>ti yasmā balavanto purisā hatthabhāraṃ gahetvā sajjāvudhā saparivārā <a name="P2.0283"></a> kantāraṃ paṭipajjanti, te corā dūratova disvā palāyanti. Te sotthinā kantāraṃ nittharitvā khemantaṃ patvā haṭṭhatuṭṭhā honti. Tasmā kantārapakkhandā khemantabhūmiṃ patthenti. Desanāpariyosāne tisso sotāpattiphalaṃ patvā pacchā pabbajitvā arahattaṃ sacchākāsi.</p>
<p class="centered">Saddhammapajjotikāya mahāniddesaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Tissametteyyasuttaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter">8. Pasūrasuttaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para59"></a><span class="paranum">59</span>. Aṭṭhame <a name="V0.0225"></a><a name="P2.0284"></a> pasūrasuttaniddese paṭhamagāthāya tāva saṅkhepo – ime diṭṭhigatikā attano diṭṭhiṃ sandhāya ‘‘idheva suddhī’’ti vadanti. Aññesu pana dhammesu visuddhiṃ nāhu, evaṃ yaṃ attano satthārādiṃ nissitā, tattheva ‘‘esa vādo subho’’ti evaṃ subhavādā hutvā puthū samaṇabrāhmaṇā ‘‘sassato loko’’tiādīsu paccekasaccesu niviṭṭhā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbe</span> <a name="M0.0246"></a> <span class="bld">paravāde khipantī</span>ti sabbā paraladdhiyo chaḍḍenti. <span class="bld">Ukkhipantī</span>ti dūrato khipanti. <span class="bld">Parikkhipantī</span>ti samantato khipanti. <span class="bld">Subhavādā</span>ti niddesassa uddesapadaṃ. <span class="bld">Sobhanavādā</span>ti ‘‘etaṃ sundara’’nti kathentā. <span class="bld">Paṇḍitavādā</span>ti ‘‘paṇḍitā maya’’nti evaṃ kathentā. <span class="bld">Thiravādā</span>ti ‘‘niddosavādaṃ vadāmā’’ti kathentā. <span class="bld">Ñāyavādā</span>ti ‘‘yuttavādaṃ vadāmā’’ti kathentā. <span class="bld">Hetuvādā</span>ti ‘‘kāraṇasahitaṃ vadāmā’’ti kathentā. <span class="bld">Lakkhaṇavādā</span>ti ‘‘sallakkhetabbaṃ vadāmā’’ti vadantā. <span class="bld">Kāraṇavādā</span>ti ‘‘udāharaṇayuttavādaṃ vadāmā’’ti kathentā. <span class="bld">Ṭhānavādā</span>ti ‘‘pakkamituṃ asakkuṇeyyavādaṃ vadāmā’’ti vadantā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Niviṭṭhā</span>ti antopaviṭṭhā. <span class="bld">Patiṭṭhitā</span>ti tattheva ṭhitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para60"></a><span class="paranum">60</span>. Evaṃ niviṭṭhā ca <span class="bld">‘‘te vādakāmā’’</span>ti dutiyagāthā. Tattha <span class="bld">bālaṃ dahantī mithu aññamañña</span>nti ‘‘ayaṃ bālo, ayaṃ bālo’’ti evaṃ dvepi janā aññamaññaṃ bālaṃ dahanti, bālato passanti. <span class="bld">Vadanti te aññasitā kathojja</span>nti te aññamaññasatthārādinissitā kalahaṃ vadanti. <span class="bld">Pasaṃsakāmā kusalāvadānā</span>ti pasaṃsatthikā ubhopi ‘‘mayaṃ kusalāvadānā paṇḍitavādā’’ti evaṃ saññino hutvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vādatthikā</span>ti vādena atthikā. <span class="bld">Vādādhippāyā</span>ti vādajjhāsayā. <span class="bld">Vādapurekkhārā</span>ti vādameva purato <a name="V0.0226"></a> katvā caramānā<a name="P2.0285"></a>. <span class="bld">Vādapariyesanaṃ carantā</span>ti vādameva gavesanaṃ caramānā. <span class="bld">Vigayhā</span>ti pavisitvā. <span class="bld">Ogayhā</span>ti otaritvā. <span class="bld">Ajjhogāhetvā</span>ti nimujjitvā. <span class="bld">Pavisitvā</span>ti antokatvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anojavantī</span>ti nihīnaojavatī, tejavirahitāti attho. <span class="bld">Sā kathā</span>ti esā vācā. <span class="bld">Kathojjaṃ vadantī</span>ti nittejaṃ bhaṇanti. Evaṃ vadānesu ca tesu eko niyamato eva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para61"></a><span class="paranum">61</span>. <span class="bld">Yutto kathāya</span>nti gāthā. Tattha <span class="bld">yutto kathāya</span>nti vādakathāya ussukko. <span class="bld">Pasaṃsamicchaṃ vinighāti hotī</span>ti attano pasaṃsaṃ icchanto ‘‘kathaṃ nu kho niggahessāmī’’tiādinā nayena pubbeva vādā kathaṃkathī vinighātī hoti. <span class="bld">Apāhatasmi</span>nti pañhavīmaṃsakehi ‘‘atthāpagataṃ te bhaṇitaṃ, byañjanāpagataṃ te bhaṇita’’ntiādinā nayena apaharite <a name="M0.0247"></a> vāde. <span class="bld">Nindāya so kuppatī</span>ti evaṃ apāhatasmiñca vāde uppannāya nindāya so kuppati. <span class="bld">Randhamesī</span>ti yassa randhameva gavesanto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Thomana</span>nti vaṇṇabhaṇanaṃ. <span class="bld">Kitti</span>nti pākaṭakaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Vaṇṇahāriya</span>nti guṇavaḍḍhanaṃ. <span class="bld">Pubbeva sallāpā</span>ti sallāpato puretarameva. ‘‘Kathamidaṃ kathamida’’nti kathaṃkathā assa atthīti <span class="bld">kathaṃkathī. Jayo nu kho me</span>ti mama jayo. <span class="bld">Kathaṃ niggaha</span>nti kena pakārena niggaṇhanaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭikammaṃ karissāmī</span>ti mama laddhiṃ parisuddhiṃ karissāmi. <span class="bld">Visesa</span>nti atirekaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭivisesa</span>nti punappunaṃ visesaṃ. <span class="bld">Āveṭhiyaṃ karissāmī</span>ti pariveṭhanaṃ karissāmi. <span class="bld">Nibbeṭhiya</span>nti mama nibbeṭhanaṃ mocanaṃ nikkhamanaṃ. <span class="bld">Cheda</span>nti vādachindanaṃ. <span class="bld">Maṇḍala</span>nti vādasaṅghātaṃ. <span class="bld">Pārisajjā</span>ti paricārikā. <span class="bld">Pāsārikā</span>ti kāraṇitā. <span class="bld">Apaharantī</span>ti paṭibāhanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Atthāpagata</span>nti atthato apagataṃ<a name="P2.0286"></a>, attho natthīti. <span class="bld">Atthato apaharantī</span>ti atthamhā paṭibāhanti. <span class="bld">Attho te dunnito</span>ti tava attho na sammā upanīto. <span class="bld">Byañjanaṃ te duropita</span>nti tava byañjanaṃ duppatiṭṭhāpitaṃ. <span class="bld">Niggaho te akato</span>ti tayā niggaho na kato. <span class="bld">Paṭikammaṃ te dukkaṭa</span>nti tayā attano laddhipatiṭṭhāpanaṃ duṭṭhu kataṃ. <span class="bld">Visamakathaṃ dukkathita</span>nti na sammā kathitaṃ. <span class="bld">Dubbhaṇita</span>nti bhaṇantenapi duṭṭhu bhaṇitaṃ. <span class="bld">Dullapita</span>nti na sammā vissajjitaṃ. <span class="bld">Durutta</span>nti aññathā bhaṇitaṃ. <span class="bld">Dubbhāsita</span>nti virūpaṃ bhāsitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nindāyā</span>ti garahaṇena. <span class="bld">Garahāyā</span>ti dosakathanena. <span class="bld">Akittiyā</span>ti aguṇakathanena. <span class="bld">Avaṇṇahārikāyā</span>ti aguṇavaḍḍhanena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kuppatī</span>ti <a name="V0.0227"></a> pakatibhāvaṃ jahetvā calati. <span class="bld">Byāpajjatī</span>ti dosavasena pūtibhāvaṃ āpajjati. <span class="bld">Patiṭṭhīyatī</span>ti kodhavasena gaṇabhāvaṃ gacchati. <span class="bld">Kopañcā</span>ti kupitabhāvaṃ. <span class="bld">Dosañcā</span>ti dūsanaṃ. <span class="bld">Apaccayañcā</span>ti atuṭṭhākārañca. <span class="bld">Pātukarotī</span>ti pākaṭaṃ karoti. <span class="bld">Randhamesī</span>ti antaragavesī. <span class="bld">Virandhamesī</span>ti chiddagavesī. <span class="bld">Aparaddhamesī</span>ti guṇaṃ apanetvā dosameva gavesī. <span class="bld">Khalitamesī</span>ti pakkhalanagavesī. <span class="bld">Gaḷitamesī</span>ti patanagavesī. ‘‘Ghaṭṭitamesī’’tipi pāṭho, tassa pīḷanagavesīti attho. <span class="bld">Vivaramesī</span>ti dosagavesī.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para62"></a><span class="paranum">62</span>. Na <a name="M0.0248"></a> kevalañca so kuppati, apica kho pana <span class="bld">‘‘yamassa vāda’’</span>nti gāthā. Tattha <span class="bld">parihīnamāhu, apāhata</span>nti atthabyañjanādito apāhataṃ parihīnaṃ vadanti. <span class="bld">Paridevatī</span>ti tatonimittaṃ so ‘‘aññaṃ mayā āvajjita’’ntiādīhi vippalapati. <span class="bld">Socatī</span>ti ‘‘tassa jayo’’tiādīni ārabbha socati. <span class="bld">‘‘Upaccagā ma’’nti anutthunātī</span>ti ‘‘so maṃ vādena vādaṃ atikkanto’’tiādinā nayena suṭṭhutaraṃ vippalapati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Parihāpita</span>nti na vaḍḍhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Aññaṃ mayā āvajjita</span>nti aññaṃ kāraṇaṃ mayā avanamitaṃ. <span class="bld">Cintita</span>nti vīmaṃsitaṃ. <span class="bld">Mahāpakkho</span>ti mahanto ñātipakkho etassāti mahāpakkho. <span class="bld">Mahāpariso</span>ti mahāparicārikapariso. <span class="bld">Mahāparivāro</span>ti mahādāsadāsiparivāro. <span class="bld">Parisā cāyaṃ vaggā</span>ti ayañca parisā vaggā, na ekā. <span class="bld">Puna bhañjissāmī</span>ti puna bhindissāmi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para63"></a><span class="paranum">63</span>. <span class="bld">Ete</span> <a name="P2.0287"></a> <span class="bld">vivādā samaṇesū</span>ti ettha pana samaṇā vuccanti bāhiraparibbājakā. <span class="bld">Etesu ugghātinighāti hotī</span>ti etesu vādesu jayaparājayādivasena cittaugghātanighātaṃ vā pāpuṇanto ugghāti ca nighāti ca hoti. <span class="bld">Virame kathojja</span>nti pajaheyya kalahaṃ. <span class="bld">Na haññadatthatthi pasaṃsalābhā</span>ti na hi ettha pasaṃsalābhato añño attho atthi. <span class="bld">Uttāno vā</span>ti na gambhīroti attho ‘‘pañcime kāmaguṇā’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 6.63) viya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gambhīro vā</span>ti duppaveso appatiṭṭho paṭiccasamuppādo viya. <span class="bld">Gūḷho vā</span>ti paṭicchanno hutvā ṭhito ‘‘abhirama nanda ahaṃ te pāṭibhogo’’tiādīsu (udā. 22) viya. <span class="bld">Paṭicchanno vā</span>ti apākaṭo ‘‘mātaraṃ pitaraṃ hantvā’’tiādīsu (dha. pa. 294; netti. 113) viya. <span class="bld">Neyyo vā</span>ti nīharitvā kathetabbo ‘‘asaddho akataññū cā’’tiādīsu (dha. pa. 97) viya. <span class="bld">Nīto vā</span>ti pāḷiyā ṭhitaniyāmena kathetabbo ‘‘cattārome, bhikkhave, ariyavaṃsā’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 4.28) viya. <span class="bld">Anavajjo vā</span>ti niddosattho ‘‘kusalā dhammā’’tiādīsu <a name="V0.0228"></a> (dha. sa. tikamātikā 1) viya. <span class="bld">Nikkileso vā</span>ti kilesavirahito vipassanā viya. <span class="bld">Vodāno</span> <span class="bld">vā</span>ti <a name="M0.0249"></a> parisuddho lokuttaraṃ viya. <span class="bld">Paramattho vā</span>ti uttamattho uttamatthabhūto attho khandhadhātuāyatananibbānāni viya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para64"></a><span class="paranum">64</span>. Chaṭṭhagāthāyattho – yasmā ca na haññadatthatthi pasaṃsalābhā, tasmā paramaṃ lābhaṃ labhantopi ‘‘sundaro aya’’nti <span class="bld">tattha</span> diṭṭhiyā <span class="bld">pasaṃsito vā pana hotī</span>ti taṃ <span class="bld">vādaṃ parisāya majjhe</span> dīpetvā tato so tena jayatthena tuṭṭhiṃ vā dantavidaṃsakaṃ vā āpajjanto <span class="bld">hassati,</span> mānena ca <span class="bld">unnamati</span>. Kiṃ kāraṇaṃ? Yasmā taṃ jayatthaṃ <span class="bld">pappuyya yathāmano</span> jāto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Thambhayitvā</span>ti pūretvā. <span class="bld">Brūhayitvā</span>ti vaḍḍhetvā. Imissā gāthāya niddeso uttānattho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para65"></a><span class="paranum">65</span>. Evaṃ unnamato ca <span class="bld">‘‘yā unnatī’’</span>ti gāthā. Tattha <span class="bld">mānātimānaṃ vadate paneso</span>ti eso pana taṃ unnatiṃ ‘‘vighātabhūmī’’ti abujjhamāno mānañca atimānañca vadati. Evaṃ imissāpi gāthāya niddeso uttānattho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para66"></a><span class="paranum">66</span>. Evaṃ vāde dosaṃ dassetvā idāni tassa vādaṃ asampaṭicchanto <a name="P2.0288"></a> <span class="bld">‘‘sūro’’</span>ti gāthamāha. Tattha <span class="bld">rājakhādāyā</span>ti rājakhādanīyena, bhattavetanenāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Abhigajjameti paṭisūramiccha</span>nti yathā so paṭisūraṃ icchanto abhigajjanto eti, evaṃ diṭṭhigatiko diṭṭhigatikanti dasseti. <span class="bld">Yeneva so tena palehī</span>ti yena so tuyhaṃ paṭisūro, tena gaccha. <span class="bld">Pubbeva natthi yadidaṃ yudhāyā</span>ti yaṃ pana kilesajātaṃ yuddhāya siyā, taṃ idha pubbeva natthi, bodhimūleyevassa pahīnanti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sūro</span>ti niddesassa uddesapadaṃ. Suṭṭhu uro sūro, vissaṭṭhauro ninnauroti attho. <span class="bld">Vīro</span>ti parakkamavanto. <span class="bld">Vikkanto</span>ti saṅgāmaṃ pavisanto. <span class="bld">Abhīrū</span>tiādayo vuttanayā eva. <span class="bld">Puṭṭho</span>ti niddesassa uddesapadaṃ. <span class="bld">Posito</span>ti thūlakato. <span class="bld">Āpādito</span>ti upaḍḍhabalito paṭipādito. <span class="bld">Vaḍḍhito</span>ti tato tato bhāvito.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gajjanto</span>ti <a name="M0.0250"></a> abyattasarena gajjanto. <span class="bld">Uggajjanto</span>ti ukkuṭṭhiṃ karonto. <span class="bld">Abhigajjanto</span>ti sīhanādaṃ karonto. <span class="bld">Etī</span>ti āgacchati. <span class="bld">Upetī</span>ti tato samīpaṃ gacchati. <span class="bld">Upagacchatī</span>ti tato samīpaṃ <a name="V0.0229"></a> gantvā na nivattati. <span class="bld">Paṭisūra</span>nti nibbhayaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭipurisa</span>nti sattupurisaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭisattu</span>nti sattu hutvā abhimukhe ṭhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭimalla</span>nti paṭisedhaṃ hutvā yujjhantaṃ. <span class="bld">Icchanto</span>ti ākaṅkhamāno.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Palehī</span>ti gaccha. <span class="bld">Vajā</span>ti mā tiṭṭha. <span class="bld">Gacchā</span>ti samīpaṃ upasaṅkama. <span class="bld">Abhikkamā</span>ti parakkamaṃ karohi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bodhiyā mūle</span>ti mahābodhirukkhassa samīpe. <span class="bld">Ye paṭisenikarā kilesā</span>ti ye kilesā paṭipakkhakarā. <span class="bld">Paṭilomakarā</span>ti paṭāṇīkarā. <span class="bld">Paṭikaṇṭakakarā</span>ti vinivijjhanakarā. <span class="bld">Paṭipakkhakarā</span>ti sattukarā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para67"></a><span class="paranum">67</span>. Ito paraṃ sesagāthā pākaṭasambandhā eva. Tattha <span class="bld">vivādayantī</span>ti vivadanti. <span class="bld">Paṭisenikattā</span>ti paṭilomakārakā. ‘‘Na tvaṃ imaṃ dhammavinayaṃ ājānāsī’’tiādinā nayena viruddhavacanaṃ vivādo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sahitaṃ me</span>ti mama vacanaṃ atthasaṃhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Asahitaṃ te</span>ti tava vacanaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Adhiciṇṇaṃ te viparāvatta</span>nti <a name="P2.0289"></a> yaṃ taṃ adhiciṇṇaṃ cirakālasevanavasena paguṇaṃ, taṃ mama vādaṃ āgamma nivattaṃ. <span class="bld">Āropito te vādo</span>ti tuyhaṃ upari mayā doso āropito. <span class="bld">Cara vādappamokkhāyā</span>ti bhattapuṭaṃ ādāya taṃ taṃ upasaṅkamitvā vādā pamokkhatthāya uttaraṃ pariyesamāno vicara. <span class="bld">Nibbeṭhehi vā</span>ti atha vā mayā āropitadosato attānaṃ mocehi. <span class="bld">Sace pahosī</span>ti sace sakkosi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āveṭhiyāya āveṭhiya</span>nti āveṭhetvā nivattanena nivattanaṃ. <span class="bld">Nibbeṭhiyāya nibbeṭhiya</span>nti dosato mocanena mocanaṃ. <span class="bld">Chedena cheda</span>nti evamādi heṭṭhā vuttanayattā yathāyogaṃ yojetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para68"></a><span class="paranum">68</span>. <span class="bld">Visenikatvā</span>ti kilesasenaṃ vināsetvā. <span class="bld">Kiṃ labhethā</span>ti paṭimallaṃ kiṃ labhissasi. <span class="bld">Pasūrā</span>ti taṃ paribbājakaṃ ālapati. <span class="bld">Yesīdha natthī</span>ti yesaṃ idha natthi. Imāyapi gāthāya niddeso uttānatthoyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para69"></a><span class="paranum">69</span>. <span class="bld">Pavitakka</span>nti <a name="M0.0251"></a> ‘‘jayo nu kho me bhavissatī’’tiādīni vitakkento. <span class="bld">Dhonena yugaṃ samāgamā</span>ti dhutakilesena buddhena saddhiṃ yugaggāhaṃ samāpanno. <span class="bld">Na hi tvaṃ sakkhasi sampayātave</span>ti <a name="V0.0230"></a> kotthuādayo viya sīhādīhi dhonena saha yugaṃ gahetvā ekapadampi sampayātuṃ yugaggāhameva vā sampādetuṃ na sakkhissasīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mano</span>ti niddesassa uddesapadaṃ. <span class="bld">Citta</span>nti cittatāya cittaṃ. ‘‘Ārammaṇaṃ minamānaṃ jānātī’’ti mano. <span class="bld">Mānasa</span>nti mano eva. ‘‘Antalikkhacaro pāso, yvāyaṃ carati mānaso’’ti (mahāva. 33; saṃ. ni. 1.151) hi ettha pana sampayuttakadhammo mānasoti vutto.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Kathañhi bhagavā tuyhaṃ, sāvako sāsane rato;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Appattamānaso sekkho, kālaṃkayirā janesutā’’ti. (saṃ. ni. 1.159) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Ettha <a name="P2.0290"></a> arahattaṃ mānasanti vuttaṃ. Idha pana manova mānasaṃ, byañjanavasena hetaṃ padaṃ vaḍḍhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Hadaya</span>nti cittaṃ. ‘‘Cittaṃ vā te khipissāmi, hadayaṃ vā te phālessāmī’’ti (su. ni. āḷavakasutta; saṃ. ni. 1.237) ettha uro hadayanti vuttaṃ. ‘‘Hadayā hadayaṃ maññe aññāya tacchatī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.63) ettha cittaṃ. ‘‘Vakkaṃ hadaya’’nti (dī. ni. 2.377; ma. ni. 1.110; khu. pā. 3.dvattiṃsākāra) ettha hadayavatthu. Idha pana cittameva abbhantaraṭṭhena ‘‘hadaya’’nti vuttaṃ. Tameva parisuddhaṭṭhena <span class="bld">paṇḍaraṃ,</span> bhavaṅgaṃ sandhāyetaṃ vuttaṃ. Yathāha ‘‘pabhassaramidaṃ, bhikkhave, cittaṃ, tañca kho āgantukehi upakkilesehi upakkiliṭṭha’’nti (a. ni. 1.49). Tato nikkhantattā pana akusalampi gaṅgāya nikkhantā nadī gaṅgā viya godhāvarito nikkhantā godhāvari viya ca ‘‘paṇḍara’’ntveva vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mano manāyatana</span>nti idha pana manogahaṇaṃ manasseva āyatanabhāvadīpanatthaṃ. Tenetaṃ dīpeti ‘‘nayidaṃ devāyatanaṃ viya manassa āyatanattā manāyatanaṃ, atha kho mano eva āyatanaṃ manāyatana’’nti. Tattha nivāsaṭṭhānaṭṭhena ākaraṭṭhena samosaraṇaṭṭhānaṭṭhena sañjātidesaṭṭhena kāraṇaṭṭhena ca <span class="bld">āyatanaṃ</span> veditabbaṃ. Tathā hi loke ‘‘issarāyatanaṃ vāsudevāyatana’’ntiādīsu nivāsaṭṭhānaṃ āyatananti vuccati<a name="M0.0252"></a>. ‘‘Suvaṇṇāyatanaṃ rajatāyatana’’ntiādīsu ākaro. Sāsane pana ‘‘manorame āyatane, sevanti naṃ vihaṅgamā’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 5.38) samosaraṇaṭṭhānaṃ. ‘‘Dakkhiṇāpatho gunnaṃ āyatana’’ntiādīsu sañjātideso. ‘‘Tatra tatreva sakkhibhabbataṃ <a name="V0.0231"></a> pāpuṇāti sati satiāyatane’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 3.102; ma. ni. 3.158) kāraṇaṃ. Idha pana sañjātidesaṭṭhena samosaraṇaṭṭhānaṭṭhena kāraṇaṭṭhenāti tidhāpi vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Phassādayo hi dhammā ettha sañjāyantīti sañjātidesaṭṭhenapi etaṃ āyatanaṃ. Bahiddhā rūpasaddagandharasaphoṭṭhabbā ārammaṇabhāvenettha osarantīti samosaraṇaṭṭhānaṭṭhenapi āyatanaṃ<a name="P2.0291"></a>. Phassādīnaṃ pana sahajātādipaccayaṭṭhena kāraṇattā kāraṇaṭṭhenāpi āyatananti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Manindriyaṃ</span> vuttatthameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vijānātīti <span class="bld">viññāṇaṃ</span>. Viññāṇameva khandho <span class="bld">viññāṇakkhandho</span>. Tassa rāsiādivasena attho veditabbo. ‘‘Mahāudakakkhandhotveva saṅkhaṃ gacchatī’’ti (a. ni. 4.51) ettha hi rāsaṭṭhena khandho vutto. ‘‘Sīlakkhandho samādhikkhandho’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 3.355) guṇaṭṭhena. ‘‘Addasa kho bhagavā mahantaṃ dārukkhandha’’nti (saṃ. ni. 4.241) ettha paṇṇattimattaṭṭhena. Idha pana rūḷhito khandho vutto. Rāsaṭṭhena hi viññāṇakkhandhassa ekadeso ekaṃ viññāṇaṃ. Tasmā yathā rukkhassa ekadesaṃ chindanto rukkhaṃ chindatīti vuccati, evameva viññāṇakkhandhassa ekadesabhūtaṃ ekampi viññāṇaṃ rūḷhito viññāṇakkhandhoti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tajjā manoviññāṇadhātū</span>ti tesaṃ phassādīnaṃ dhammānaṃ anucchavikā manoviññāṇadhātu. Imasmiñhi pade ekameva cittaṃ minanaṭṭhena mano, vijānanaṭṭhena viññāṇaṃ, sabhāvaṭṭhena nissattaṭṭhena vā dhātūti tīhi nāmehi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saddhiṃ yugaṃ samāgama</span>nti ekappahārena saddhiṃ. <span class="bld">Sammāgantvā</span>ti pāpuṇitvā. <span class="bld">Yugaggāhaṃ gaṇhitvā</span>ti yugapaṭibhāgaṃ gahetvā. <span class="bld">Sākacchetu</span>nti saddhiṃ kathetuṃ. <span class="bld">Sallapitu</span>nti allāpasallāpaṃ kātuṃ. <span class="bld">Sākacchaṃ samāpajjitu</span>nti saddhiṃ kathanaṃ paṭipajjituṃ. Na paṭibalabhāve kāraṇaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘taṃ kissahetu, pasūro paribbājako hīno’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">So hi bhagavā aggo</span> <a name="M0.0253"></a> <span class="bld">cā</span>ti asadisadānaaggattā asamānapaññattā aggo ca. <span class="bld">Seṭṭho cā</span>ti sabbaguṇehi appaṭisamaṭṭhena seṭṭho ca. <span class="bld">Mokkho cā</span>ti savāsanehi kilesehi muttattā mokkho ca. <span class="bld">Uttamo cā</span>ti attano uttaritaravirahitattā uttamo ca. <span class="bld">Pavaro cā</span>ti sabbalokena abhipatthanīyattā pavaro ca. <span class="bld">Mattena</span> <a name="P2.0292"></a> <span class="bld">mātaṅgenā</span>ti pabhinnamadena hatthinā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kotthuko</span>ti <a name="V0.0232"></a> jiraṇasiṅgālo. <span class="bld">Sīhena migaraññā saddhi</span>nti kesarasīhena migarājena saha. <span class="bld">Taruṇako</span>ti chāpako. <span class="bld">Dhenupako</span>ti khīrapako. <span class="bld">Usabhenā</span>ti maṅgalasammatena usabhena. <span class="bld">Calakakunā saddhi</span>nti calamānakakunā saddhiṃ. <span class="bld">Dhaṅko</span>ti kāko. <span class="bld">Garuḷena venateyyena saddhi</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">garuḷenā</span>ti jātivasena nāmaṃ. <span class="bld">Venateyyenā</span>ti gottavasena. <span class="bld">Caṇḍālo</span>ti chavacaṇḍālo. <span class="bld">Raññā cakkavattinā</span>ti cātuddīpikacakkavattinā. <span class="bld">Paṃsupisācako</span>ti kacavarachaḍḍanaṭṭhāne nibbattako yakkho. <span class="bld">Indena devaraññā saddhi</span>nti sakkena devarājena saha. <span class="bld">So hi bhagavā mahāpañño</span>tiādīni chappadāni heṭṭhā vitthāritāni. Tattha <span class="bld">paññāpabhedakusalo</span>ti attano anantavikappe paññābhede cheko. <span class="bld">Pabhinnañāṇo</span>ti anantappabhedapattañāṇo. Etena paññāpabhedakusalattepi sati tāsaṃ paññānaṃ anantabhedattaṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Adhigatapaṭisambhido</span>ti paṭiladdhaaggacatupaṭisambhidañāṇo. <span class="bld">Catuvesārajjappatto</span>ti cattāri visāradabhāvasaṅkhātāni ñāṇāni patto. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Sammāsambuddhassa te paṭijānato ‘ime dhammā anabhisambuddhā’ti, tatra vata maṃ samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā devo vā māro vā brahmā vā koci vā lokasmiṃ sahadhammena paṭicodessatīti nimittametaṃ, bhikkhave, na samanupassāmi, etamahaṃ, bhikkhave, nimittaṃ asamanupassanto khemappatto abhayappatto vesārajjappatto viharāmi.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Khīṇāsavassa te paṭijānato ‘ime āsavā aparikkhīṇā’ti…pe… ‘ye kho pana te antarāyikā dhammā vuttā, te paṭisevato nālaṃ antarāyāyā’’ti…pe… yassa kho pana <a name="M0.0254"></a> te atthāya dhammo desito, so na niyyāti takkarassa sammā dukkhakkhayāyāti, tatra vata maṃ samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā devo vā māro vā brahmā vā koci vā lokasmiṃ sahadhammena paṭicodessatīti nimittametaṃ, bhikkhave, na samanupassāmi, etamahaṃ, bhikkhave, nimittaṃ asamanupassanto khemappatto abhayappatto vesārajjappatto viharāmī’’ti (a. ni. 4.8; ma. ni. 1.150).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dasabalabaladhārī</span>ti <a name="P2.0293"></a> dasa balāni etesanti dasabalā, dasabalānaṃ balāni dasabalabalāni, tāni dasabalabalāni dhārayatīti dasabalabaladhārī, dasabalañāṇabaladhārīti attho. Etehi tīhi vacanehi anantappabhedānaṃ neyyānaṃ pabhedamukhamattaṃ dassitaṃ. Soyeva paññāpayogavasena abhimaṅgalasammataṭṭhena <span class="bld">purisāsabho</span>. Asantāsaṭṭhena <span class="bld">purisasīho</span>. Mahantaṭṭhena <span class="bld">purisanāgo</span>. Pajānanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">purisājañño</span>. Lokakiccadhuravahanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">purisadhorayho</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha <a name="V0.0233"></a> tejādikaṃ anantañāṇato laddhaṃ guṇavisesaṃ dassetukāmo tesaṃ tejādīnaṃ anantañāṇamūlabhāvaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘anantañāṇo’’</span>ti vatvā <span class="bld">‘‘anantatejo’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">anantañāṇo</span>ti gaṇanavasena ca pabhāvavasena ca antavirahitañāṇo. <span class="bld">Anantatejo</span>ti veneyyasantāne mohatamavidhamanena anantañāṇatejo. <span class="bld">Anantayaso</span>ti paññāguṇeheva lokattayavitthatānantakittighoso. <span class="bld">Aḍḍho</span>ti paññādhanasamiddhiyā samiddho. <span class="bld">Mahaddhano</span>ti paññādhanavaḍḍhattepi pabhāvamahattena mahantaṃ pavattapaññādhanamassāti mahaddhano. ‘‘Mahādhano’’ti vā pāṭho. <span class="bld">Dhanavā</span>ti pasaṃsitabbapaññādhanavattā niccayuttapaññādhanavattā atisayabhāvena paññādhanavattā dhanavā. Etesupi hi tīsu atthesu idaṃ vacanaṃ saddavidū icchanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ paññāguṇena bhagavato attasampattisiddhiṃ dassetvā puna paññāguṇeneva lokahitasampattisiddhiṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘netā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha veneyye saṃsārasaṅkhātabhayaṭṭhānato nibbānasaṅkhātaṃ khemaṭṭhānaṃ <span class="bld">netā</span><a name="M0.0255"></a>. Tattha nayanakāle eva saṃvaravinayapahānavinayavasena veneyye <span class="bld">vinetā</span>. Dhammadesanākāle eva saṃsayacchedanena <span class="bld">anunetā</span>. Saṃsayaṃ chinditvā saññāpetabbaṃ atthaṃ <span class="bld">paññāpetā</span>. Tathā paññāpitānaṃ nicchayakaraṇena <span class="bld">nijjhāpetā</span>. Tathā nijjhāpitassa atthassa paṭipattipayojanavasena <a name="P2.0294"></a> <span class="bld">pekkhetā</span>. Tathāpaṭipanne paṭipattibalena <span class="bld">pasādetā</span>. <span class="bld">So hi bhagavā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">hi</span>-kāro anantaraṃ vuttassa atthassa kāraṇopadese nipāto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anuppannassa maggassa uppādetā</span>ti sakasantāne nauppannapubbassa chaasādhāraṇañāṇahetubhūtassa ariyamaggassa bodhimūle lokahitatthaṃ sakasantāne uppādetā. <span class="bld">Asañjātassa maggassa sañjanetā</span>ti veneyyasantāne asañjātapubbassa sāvakapāramīñāṇahetubhūtassa ariyamaggassa dhammacakkappavattanato pabhuti yāvajjakālā veneyyasantāne sañjanetā. Sāvakaveneyyānampi hi santāne bhagavatā vuttavacaneneva ariyamaggassa sañjananato bhagavā sañjanetā nāma hoti. <span class="bld">Anakkhātassa maggassa akkhātā</span>ti aṭṭhadhammasamannāgatānaṃ buddhabhāvāya kathābhinīhārānaṃ bodhisattānaṃ buddhabhāvāya byākaraṇaṃ datvā anakkhātapubbassa pāramitāmaggassa ‘‘buddho bhavissatī’’ti byākaraṇamatteneva bodhimūle uppajjitabbassa ariyamaggassa akkhātā. Ayaṃ nayo paccekabodhisattabyākaraṇepi labbhatiyeva. <span class="bld">Maggaññū</span>ti paccavekkhaṇāvasena attano uppāditassa ariyamaggassa ñātā. <span class="bld">Maggavidū</span>ti veneyyasantāne janetabbassa ariyamaggassa kusalo. <span class="bld">Maggakovido</span>ti bodhisattānaṃ akkhātabbamagge vicakkhaṇo. Atha vā abhisambodhipaṭipatti <span class="bld">maggaññū,</span> paccekabodhipaṭipatti <span class="bld">maggavidū,</span> sāvakabodhipaṭipatti <span class="bld">maggakovido</span>. Atha vā –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Etena <a name="V0.0234"></a> maggena tariṃsu pubbe,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tarissanti ye ca taranti ogha’’nti. (saṃ. ni. 5.409) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Vacanato yathāyogaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannabuddhapaccekabuddhasāvakānaṃ maggavasena ca suññatānimittaappaṇihitamaggavasena <a name="P2.0295"></a> ca ugghaṭitaññūvipañcitaññūneyyapuggalānaṃ maggavasena ca yathākkamenettha yojanaṃ karonti<a name="M0.0256"></a>. <span class="bld">Maggānugā ca panassā</span>ti bhagavato gatamaggānugāmino hutvā. Ettha <span class="bld">ca</span>-saddo hetuatthe nipāto, etena ca bhagavatā magguppādanādiguṇādhigamāya hetu vutto hoti. <span class="bld">Pana</span>-saddo katatthe nipāto, tena bhagavatā katamaggakaraṇaṃ vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Pacchā samannāgatā</span>ti paṭhamaṃ gatassa bhagavato pacchā sīlādiguṇena samannāgatā. Iti thero ‘‘anuppannassa maggassa uppādetā’’tiādīhi yasmā sabbepi bhagavato sīlādayo guṇā arahattamaggameva nissāya āgatā, tasmā arahattamaggameva nissāya guṇaṃ kathesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Jānaṃ jānātī</span>ti jānitabbaṃ jānāti, sabbaññutāya yaṃkiñci paññāya jānitabbaṃ nāma atthi, taṃ sabbaṃ pañcaneyyapathabhūtaṃ paññāya jānātīti attho. <span class="bld">Passaṃ passatī</span>ti passitabbaṃ passati, sabbadassāvitāya taṃyeva neyyapathaṃ cakkhunā diṭṭhaṃ viya karonto paññācakkhunā passatīti attho. Yathā vā ekacco viparītaṃ gaṇhanto jānantopi na jānāti, passantopi na passati, na evaṃ bhagavā. Bhagavā pana yathāsabhāvaṃ gaṇhanto jānanto jānātiyeva, passanto passatiyeva. Svāyaṃ nayana pariṇāyakaṭṭhena <span class="bld">cakkhubhūto</span>. Viditatādiatthena <span class="bld">ñāṇabhūto</span>. Aviparītasabhāvaṭṭhena vā pariyattidhammapavattanato hadayena cintetvā vācāya nicchāritadhammamayoti vā <span class="bld">dhammabhūto</span>. Seṭṭhaṭṭhena <span class="bld">brahmabhūto</span>. Atha vā cakkhu viya bhūtoti <span class="bld">cakkhubhūto</span>. Ñāṇaṃ viya bhūtoti <span class="bld">ñāṇabhūto</span>. Aviparītadhammo viya bhūtoti <span class="bld">dhammabhūto</span>. Brahmā viya bhūtoti <span class="bld">brahmabhūto</span>. Yvāyaṃ dhammassa vacanato vattanato vā <span class="bld">vattā</span>. Nānappakārehi vacanato vattanato vā <span class="bld">pavattā</span>. Atthaṃ nīharitvā dassanato <span class="bld">atthassa ninnetā</span>. Amatādhigamāya paṭipattidesanato, amatappakāsanāya vā dhammadesanāya amatassa adhigamāpanato <a name="P2.0296"></a> <span class="bld">amatassa dātā</span>. Lokuttarassa dhammassa uppāditattā veneyyānurūpena yathāsukhaṃ lokuttaradhammassa dānena ca dhammesu issaroti <span class="bld">dhammassāmī</span>. Tathāgatapadaṃ heṭṭhā vuttatthaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni ‘‘jānaṃ jānātī’’tiādīhi vuttaguṇaṃ sabbaññutāya visesetvā dassetukāmo sabbaññutaṃ sādhento <span class="bld">‘‘natthī’’</span>tiādimāha. Evaṃbhūtassa hi <a name="M0.0257"></a> tassa bhagavato pāramitāpuññaphalappabhāvanipphannena arahattamaggañāṇena sabbadhammesu savāsanassa sammohassa vihatattā asammohato <a name="V0.0235"></a> sabbadhammānaṃ ñātattā <span class="bld">aññātaṃ</span> nāma natthi. Tatheva ca sabbadhammānaṃ cakkhunā viya ñāṇacakkhunā diṭṭhattā <span class="bld">adiṭṭhaṃ</span> nāma natthi. Ñāṇena pattattā <span class="bld">aviditaṃ</span> nāma natthi. Asammohasacchikiriyāya sacchikatattā <span class="bld">asacchikataṃ</span> nāma natthi. Asammohapaññāya phuṭṭhattā paññāya <span class="bld">aphassitaṃ</span> nāma natthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paccuppanna</span>nti paccuppannaṃ kālaṃ vā dhammaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Upādāyā</span>ti ādāya, antokatvāti attho. Upādāyavacaneneva kālavinimuttaṃ nibbānampi gahitameva hoti. ‘‘Atītā’’divacanāni ca ‘‘natthī’’tiādivacaneneva ghaṭiyanti, ‘‘sabbe’’tiādivacanena vā. <span class="bld">Sabbe dhammā</span>ti sabbasaṅkhatāsaṅkhatadhammapariyādānaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbākārenā</span>ti sabbadhammesu ekekasseva dhammassa aniccākārādisabbākārapariyādānaṃ. <span class="bld">Ñāṇamukhe</span>ti ñāṇābhimukhe. <span class="bld">Āpāthaṃ āgacchantī</span>ti osaraṇaṃ upenti. <span class="bld">Jānitabba</span>nti padaṃ <span class="bld">neyya</span>nti padassa atthavivaraṇatthaṃ vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Attattho vā</span>tiādīsu <span class="bld">vā</span>-saddo samuccayattho. <span class="bld">Attattho</span>ti attano attho. <span class="bld">Parattho</span>ti paresaṃ tiṇṇaṃ lokānaṃ attho. <span class="bld">Ubhayattho</span>ti attano ca paresañcāti sakiṃyeva ubhinnaṃ attho. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhadhammiko</span>ti diṭṭhadhamme niyutto, diṭṭhadhammappayojano vā attho. Samparāye niyutto, samparāyappayojano vā <span class="bld">samparāyiko. Uttāno</span>tiādīsu vohāravasena vattabbo sukhapatiṭṭhattā uttāno<a name="P2.0297"></a>. Vohāraṃ atikkamitvā vattabbo suññatāpaṭisaṃyutto dukkhapatiṭṭhattā <span class="bld">gambhīro</span>. Lokuttaro accantatirokkhattā <span class="bld">gūḷho</span>. Aniccatādiko ghanādīhi paṭicchannattā <span class="bld">paṭicchanno</span>. Apacuravohārena vattabbo yathārutaṃ aggahetvā adhippāyassa netabbato <span class="bld">neyyo</span>. Pacuravohārena vattabbo vacanamatteneva adhippāyassa nītattā <span class="bld">nīto</span>. Suparisuddhasīlasamādhivipassanattho tadaṅgavikkhambhanavasena vajjavirahitattā <span class="bld">anavajjo</span>. Kilesasamucchedanato ariyamaggattho <span class="bld">nakkileso</span>. Kilesapaṭippassaddhattā ariyaphalattho <span class="bld">vodāno</span>. Saṅkhatāsaṅkhatesu aggadhammattā nibbānaṃ <span class="bld">paramattho. Parivattatī</span>ti buddhañāṇassa visayabhāvato abahibhūtattā antobuddhañāṇe byāpitvā vā samantā vā alaṅkaritvā vā visesena vā vattati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Sabbaṃ</span> <a name="M0.0258"></a> <span class="bld">kāyakamma’’</span>ntiādīhi bhagavato ñāṇavisayataṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Ñāṇānuparivattī</span>ti ñāṇaṃ anuparivatti, ñāṇavirahitaṃ na hotīti attho. <span class="bld">Appaṭihata</span>nti nirāvaraṇataṃ dasseti. Puna sabbaññutaṃ upamāya sādhetukāmo <span class="bld">‘‘yāvataka’’</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha jānitabbanti <span class="bld">neyyaṃ</span>. Neyyapariyanto neyyāvasānamassa atthīti <span class="bld">neyyapariyantikaṃ</span>. Asabbaññūnaṃ pana neyyāvasānameva natthi. <span class="bld">Ñāṇapariyantike</span>pi eseva nayo. Purimayamake vuttatthameva iminā yamakena visesetvā<span class="bld"> </span>dasseti<a name="V0.0236"></a>, tatiyayamakena paṭisedhavasena niyametvā dasseti. Ettha ca neyyaṃ ñāṇassa pathattā <span class="bld">neyyapatho. Aññamaññapariyantaṭṭhāyino</span>ti neyyañca ñāṇañca khepetvā ṭhānato aññamaññassa pariyante ṭhānasīlā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āvajjanapaṭibaddhā</span>ti manodvārāvajjanāyattā, āvajjitānantarameva jānātīti attho. <span class="bld">Ākaṅkhapaṭibaddhā</span>ti ruciāyattā<a name="P2.0298"></a>, āvajjanānantaraṃ javanañāṇena jānātīti attho. Itarāni dve padāni imesaṃ dvinnaṃ padānaṃ yathākkamena atthappakāsanatthaṃ vuttāni. <span class="bld">Āsayaṃ jānātī</span>ti ettha āsayanti nissayanti etthāti āsayo, micchādiṭṭhiyā sammādiṭṭhiyā kāmādīhi nekkhammādīhi vā paribhāvitassa santānassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Sattasantānaṃ anusenti anupavattentīti anusayā, thāmagatānaṃ kāmarāgādīnaṃva etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Anusayaṃ jānātī</span>ti anusayakathā heṭṭhā vuttāyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Carita</span>nti pubbe katakusalākusalakammaṃ. <span class="bld">Adhimutti</span>nti sampati kusale akusale vā cittavosaggo. <span class="bld">Apparajakkhe</span>ti paññāmaye akkhimhi appaṃ rāgādirajo etesanti apparajakkhā. Appaṃ rāgādirajo etesanti vā apparajakkhā, te apparajakkhe. <span class="bld">Mahārajakkhe</span>ti ñāṇamaye akkhimhi mahantaṃ rāgādirajo etesanti mahārajakkhā. Mahantaṃ rāgādirajo etesanti vā mahārajakkhā, te mahārajakkhe. <span class="bld">Tikkhindriye mudindriye</span>ti tikkhāni saddhādīni indriyāni etesanti tikkhindriyā. Mudūni saddhādīni indriyāni etesanti mudindriyā. <span class="bld">Svākāre dvākāre</span>ti sundarā saddhādayo ākārā koṭṭhāsā etesanti svākārā. Kucchitā garahitā asaddhādayo ākārā koṭṭhāsā etesanti dvākārā. <span class="bld">Suviññāpaye duviññāpaye</span>ti ye kathitaṃ kāraṇaṃ sallakkhenti <a name="M0.0259"></a> sukhena sakkā honti viññāpetuṃ, te suviññāpayā. Tabbiparītā duviññāpayā. <span class="bld">Bhabbābhabbe</span>ti bhabbe ca abhabbe ca. Ariyāya jātiyā bhavanti jāyantīti <span class="bld">bhabbā</span>. Vattamānasamīpe vattamānavacanaṃ. Bhavissanti jāyissanti vāti bhabbā, bhājanabhūtāti attho. Ye ariyamaggapaṭivedhassa anucchavikā upanissayasampannā, te bhabbā. Vuttapaṭipakkhā <span class="bld">abhabbā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Satte pajānātī</span>ti rūpādike ārammaṇe lagge laggite satte pajānāti. <span class="bld">Sadevako</span> <a name="P2.0299"></a> <span class="bld">loko</span>ti saha devehi sadevako. Saha mārena <span class="bld">samārako</span>. Saha brahmunā <span class="bld">sabrahmako</span>. Saha samaṇabrāhmaṇehi <span class="bld">sassamaṇabrāhmaṇī</span>. Pajātattā <span class="bld">pajā</span>. Saha devamanussehi <span class="bld">sadevamanussā</span>. ‘‘Pajā’’ti sattalokassa pariyāyavacanametaṃ. Tattha sadevakavacanena pañcakāmāvacaradevaggahaṇaṃ, samārakavacanena <a name="V0.0237"></a> chaṭṭhakāmāvacaradevaggahaṇaṃ. Sabrahmakavacanena brahmakāyikādibrahmaggahaṇaṃ. Sassamaṇabrāhmaṇīvacanena sāsanassa paccatthikapaccāmittasamaṇabrāhmaṇaggahaṇaṃ samitapāpabāhitapāpasamaṇabrāhmaṇaggahaṇañca. Pajāvacanena sattalokaggahaṇaṃ. Sadevamanussavacanena sammutidevaavasesamanussaggahaṇaṃ. Evamettha tīhi padehi okāsaloko. Dvīhi pajāvasena sattaloko gahitoti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparo nayo – sadevakaggahaṇena arūpāvacaraloko gahito, samārakaggahaṇena chakāmāvacaraloko, sabrahmakaggahaṇena rūpāvacarabrahmaloko, sassamaṇabrāhmaṇādiggahaṇena catuparisavasena sammutidevehi vā saha manussaloko, avasesasabbasattaloko vā. Api cettha sadevakavacanena ukkaṭṭhaparicchedato sabbassapi lokassa antobuddhañāṇe parivattanabhāvaṃ sādheti. Tato yesaṃ siyā ‘‘māro mahānubhāvo chakāmāvacarissaro vasavattī, kiṃ sopi antobuddhañāṇe parivattatī’’ti. Tesaṃ vimatiṃ vidhamento ‘‘samārako’’ti āha. Yesaṃ pana siyā ‘‘brahmā mahānubhāvo, ekaṅguliyā ekasmiṃ cakkavāḷasahasse ālokaṃ pharati. Dvīhi…pe… dasahi aṅgulīhi dasasu cakkavāḷasahassesu ālokaṃ pharati, anuttarañca jhānasamāpattisukhaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti, kiṃ sopi antobuddhañāṇe parivattatī’’ti. Tesaṃ vimatiṃ vidhamento ‘‘sabrahmako’’ti āha. Tato yesaṃ <a name="M0.0260"></a> siyā ‘‘puthū samaṇabrāhmaṇā sāsanapaccatthikā, kiṃ tepi antobuddhañāṇe parivattantī’’ti. Tesaṃ vimatiṃ vidhamento ‘‘sassamaṇabrāhmaṇī pajā’’ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ ukkaṭṭhānaṃ antobuddhañāṇe parivattanabhāvaṃ pakāsetvā atha sammutideve avasesamanusse ca upādāya ukkaṭṭhaparicchedavasena sesasattalokassa antobuddhañāṇe <a name="P2.0300"></a> parivattanabhāvaṃ pakāsento ‘‘sadevamanussā’’ti āha. Ayamettha anusandhikkamo. Porāṇā panāhu <span class="bld">‘‘sadevako</span>ti devatāhi saddhiṃ avasesaloko. <span class="bld">Samārako</span>ti mārena saddhiṃ avasesaloko. <span class="bld">Sabrahmako</span>ti brahmehi saddhiṃ avasesaloko. Evaṃ sabbepi tibhavūpage satte tīhākārehi tīsu padesu pakkhipitvā puna dvīhākārehi pariyādātuṃ <span class="bld">‘sassamaṇabrāhmaṇī pajā sadevamanussā’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Evaṃ pañcahi padehi tena tena ākārena tedhātukameva pariyādinnaṃ hotī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Antamaso</span>ti uparimantena. <span class="bld">Timitimiṅgala</span>nti ettha timi nāma ekā macchajāti, timiṃ gilituṃ samatthā tato mahantasarīrā timiṅgalā nāma ekā macchajāti, timiṅgalampi gilituṃ samatthā pañcayojanasatikasarīrā timitimiṅgalā nāma ekā macchajāti. Idha jātiggahaṇena ekavacanaṃ <a name="V0.0238"></a> katanti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Garuḷaṃ venateyya</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">garuḷo</span>ti jātivasena nāmaṃ. <span class="bld">Venateyyo</span>ti gottavasena. <span class="bld">Padese</span>ti ekadese. <span class="bld">Sāriputtasamā</span>ti sabbabuddhānaṃ dhammasenāpatitthere gahetvā vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Sesasāvakā hi paññāya dhammasenāpatittherena samā nāma natthi. Yathāha – ‘‘etadaggaṃ, bhikkhave, mama sāvakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ mahāpaññānaṃ yadidaṃ sāriputto’’ti (a. ni. 1.188-189). Aṭṭhakathāyañca (visuddhi. 1.171; paṭi. ma. aṭṭha. 2.3.5) vuttaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Lokanāthaṃ ṭhapetvāna, ye caññe santi pāṇino;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Paññāya sāriputtassa, kalaṃ nāgghanti soḷasi’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pharitvā</span>ti buddhañāṇaṃ sabbadevamanussānampi paññaṃ pāpuṇitvā ṭhānato tesaṃ paññaṃ pharitvā byāpitvā tiṭṭhati. <span class="bld">Abhibhavitvā</span>ti sabbadevamanussānampi paññaṃ atikkamitvā, tesaṃ avisayabhūtampi sabbaṃ neyyaṃ abhibhavitvā tiṭṭhatīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paṭisambhidāyaṃ <a name="M0.0261"></a> (paṭi. ma. 3.5) pana ‘‘atighaṃsitvā’’ti pāṭho, ghaṃsitvā tuditvāti attho. <span class="bld">Yepi te</span>tiādīhi evaṃ pharitvā abhibhavitvā ṭhānassa paccakkhakāraṇaṃ dasseti. Tattha <span class="bld">paṇḍitā</span>ti paṇḍiccena samannāgatā<a name="P2.0301"></a>. <span class="bld">Nipuṇā</span>ti saṇhasukhumabuddhino sukhume atthantare paṭivijjhanasamatthā. <span class="bld">Kataparappavādā</span>ti viññātaparappavādā ceva parehi saddhiṃ katavādaparicayā ca. <span class="bld">Vālavedhirūpā</span>ti vālavedhidhanuggahasadisā. <span class="bld">Vo bhindantā maññe caranti paññāgatena diṭṭhigatānī</span>ti vālavedhī viya vālaṃ sukhumānipi paresaṃ diṭṭhigamanāni attano paññāgamanena bhindantā viya carantīti attho. Atha vā ‘‘gūthagataṃ muttagata’’ntiādīsu (a. ni. 9.11) viya paññā eva <span class="bld">paññāgataṃ</span>. Diṭṭhiyo eva <span class="bld">diṭṭhigatāni. Pañhe abhisaṅkharitvā abhisaṅkharitvā</span>ti dvipadampi tipadampi catupadampi pucchaṃ racayitvā tesaṃ pañhānaṃ atibahukattā sabbasaṅgahatthaṃ dvikkhattuṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Gūḷhāni ca paṭicchannāni ca</span> atthajātānīti pāṭhaseso. Tesaṃ tathā vinayaṃ disvā attanā abhisaṅkhataṃ pañhaṃ pucchantīti evaṃ bhagavatā adhippetattā pañhaṃ pucchanti. Aññesaṃ pana pucchāya okāsameva adatvā bhagavā upasaṅkamantānaṃ dhammaṃ deseti. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Te pañhaṃ abhisaṅkharonti ‘imaṃ mayaṃ pañhaṃ samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ upasaṅkamitvā pucchissāma, sace no samaṇo gotamo evaṃ puṭṭho evaṃ byākarissati, evamassa mayaṃ vādaṃ <a name="V0.0239"></a> āropessāma, evaṃ cepi no puṭṭho evaṃ byākarissati, evampissa mayaṃ vādaṃ āropessāmā’ti. Te suṇanti ‘samaṇo khalu bho gotamo amukaṃ nāma gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā osaṭo’ti. Te yena samaṇo gotamo tenupasaṅkamanti. Te samaṇo gotamo dhammiyā kathāya sandasseti samādapeti samuttejeti sampahaṃseti. Te samaṇena gotamena dhammiyā kathāya sandassitā samādapitā samuttejitā sampahaṃsitā na ceva samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ pañhaṃ pucchanti, kutossa vādaṃ āropessanti, aññadatthu samaṇasseva gotamassa sāvakā sampajjantī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.289).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kasmā pañhe na pucchantīti ce? Bhagavā kira parisamajjhe dhammaṃ desento parisāya ajjhāsayaṃ oloketi, tato passati ‘‘ime paṇḍitā gūḷhaṃ rahassaṃ pañhaṃ ovaṭṭikasāraṃ katvā āgatā’’ti. So tehi apuṭṭhoyeva <a name="M0.0262"></a> ‘‘pañhapucchāya ettakā dosā, vissajjane ettakā, atthe, pade, akkhare ettakāti; imaṃ pañhaṃ pucchanto evaṃ puccheyya, vissajjento <a name="P2.0302"></a> evaṃ vissajjeyyā’’ti; iti ovaṭṭikasāraṃ katvā ānīte pañhe dhammakathāya antare pakkhipitvā dasseti. Te paṇḍitā ‘‘seyyā vata no, ye mayaṃ ime pañhe na pucchimhā. Sacepi mayaṃ puccheyyāma, appatiṭṭhite no katvā samaṇo gotamo khipeyyā’’ti attamanā bhavanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Api ca buddhā nāma dhammaṃ desentā parisaṃ mettāya pharanti. Mettāpharaṇena dasabalesu mahājanassa cittaṃ pasīdati. Buddhā nāma rūpaggappattā honti dassanasampannā madhurassarā mudujivhā suphusitadantāvaraṇā, amatena hadayaṃ siñcantā viya dhammaṃ kathenti. Tatra nesaṃ mettāpharaṇena pasannacittānaṃ evaṃ hoti – ‘‘evarūpaṃ advejjhakathaṃ amoghakathaṃ niyyānikakathaṃ kathentena bhagavatā saddhiṃ na sakkhissāma paccanīkaggāhaṃ gaṇhitu’’nti attano pasannabhāveneva pañhe na pucchantīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kathitā vissajjitā vā</span>ti ‘‘evaṃ tumhe pucchathā’’ti apucchitapañhānaṃ uccāraṇena te pañhā bhagavatā kathitā eva honti. Yathā ca te vissajjetabbā, tathā vissajjitā eva honti. <span class="bld">Niddiṭṭhakāraṇā</span>ti iminā kāraṇena iminā hetunā evaṃ hontīti evaṃ sahetukaṃ katvā vissajjanena bhagavatā niddiṭṭhakāraṇā eva honti te pañhā. <span class="bld">Upakkhittakā ca te bhagavato sampajjantī</span>ti khattiyapaṇḍitādayo bhagavato pañhavissajjaneneva bhagavato samīpe khittakā pakkhittakā sampajjanti; sāvakā vā sampajjanti, upāsakā vāti attho; sāvakasampattiṃ vā <a name="V0.0240"></a> pāpuṇanti, upāsakasampattiṃ vāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Athā</span>ti anantaratthe, tesaṃ upakkhittakasampattisamanantaramevāti attho. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti tasmiṃ ṭhāne, tasmiṃ adhikāre vā. <span class="bld">Atirocatī</span>ti ativiya jotati pakāsati. <span class="bld">Yadidaṃ paññāyā</span>ti yāyaṃ bhagavato paññā, tāya paññāya bhagavāva atirocatīti attho. <span class="bld">Iti</span>-saddo kāraṇattho, iminā kāraṇenāti attho. Sesaṃ sabbattha pākaṭamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Saddhammappajjotikāya mahāniddesaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Pasūrasuttaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter">9. Māgaṇḍiyasuttaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para70"></a><span class="paranum">70</span>. Navame <a name="V0.0241"></a><a name="P2.0303"></a><a name="M0.0263"></a> māgaṇḍiyasuttaniddese paṭhamagāthāya tāva ajapālanigrodhamūle nānārūpāni nimminitvā abhikāmaṃ āgataṃ māradhītaraṃ <span class="bld">disvāna taṇhaṃ aratiṃ ragañca</span> chandamattampi <span class="bld">methunasmiṃ nāhosi, kimevidaṃ</span> imissā dārikāya <span class="bld">muttakarīsapuṇṇaṃ</span> rūpaṃ disvā bhavissati, sabbathā <span class="bld">pādāpi naṃ samphusituṃ na icche,</span> kutonena saṃvasitunti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Muttapuṇṇa</span>nti āhārautuvasena vatthipuṭantaraṃ pūretvā ṭhitamuttena pūritaṃ. <span class="bld">Karīsapuṇṇa</span>nti pakkāsayasaṅkhāte heṭṭhānābhipiṭṭhikaṇṭakamūlānaṃ antare ubbedhena aṭṭhaṅgulamatte antāvasāne ṭhitavaccena puṇṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Semhapuṇṇa</span>nti udarapaṭale ṭhitaekapattappamāṇena semhena pūritaṃ. <span class="bld">Ruhirapuṇṇa</span>nti yakanassa heṭṭhābhāgaṃ pūretvā hadayavakkapapphāsānaṃ upari thokaṃ thokaṃ paggharantena vakkahadayayakanapapphāse temayamānena ṭhitena ekapattassa pūraṇamattena sannicitalohitasaṅkhātena ca kesalomanakhadantānaṃ maṃsavinimuttaṭṭhānañceva thaddhasukkhacammañca ṭhapetvā dhamanījālānusārena sabbaṃ upādiṇṇakasarīraṃ pharitvā ṭhitasaṃsaraṇalohitasaṅkhātena ca duvidhena ruhirena puṇṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aṭṭhisaṅghāta</span>nti sakalasarīre heṭṭhā aṭṭhīnaṃ upariṭṭhitāni sādhikāni tīṇi aṭṭhisatāni, tehi aṭṭhīhi ghaṭitaṃ. <span class="bld">Nhārusambandha</span>nti sakalasarīre aṭṭhīni ābandhitvā ṭhitāni nava nhārusatāni, tehi nhārūhi sambandhaṃ ābandhaṃ. <span class="bld">Rudhiramaṃsāvalepana</span>nti saṃsaraṇalohitena ca sādhikāni tīṇi aṭṭhisatāni anulimpetvā ṭhitena navamaṃsapesisatena ca anulittaṃ sarīraṃ. <span class="bld">Cammavinaddha</span>nti sakalasarīraṃ pariyonandhitvā pākaṭakilomakassa upari chaviyā heṭṭhā <a name="P2.0304"></a> ṭhitaṃ cammaṃ, tena cammena vinaddhaṃ pariyonaddhaṃ. ‘‘Cammāvanaddha’’ntipi pāḷi. <span class="bld">Chaviyā paṭicchanna</span>nti atisukhumachaviyā paṭicchannaṃ chādetvā ṭhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Chiddāvachidda</span>nti anekachiddaṃ. <span class="bld">Uggharanta</span>nti akkhimukhādīhi uggharantaṃ. <span class="bld">Paggharanta</span>nti adhobhāgena paggharantaṃ. <span class="bld">Kimisaṅghanisevita</span>nti sūcimukhādīhi <a name="V0.0242"></a> nānāpāṇakulasamūhehi āsevitaṃ. <span class="bld">Nānākalimalaparipūra</span>nti anekavidhehi asucikoṭṭhāsehi pūritaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para71"></a><span class="paranum">71</span>. Tato <a name="M0.0264"></a> māgaṇḍiyo ‘‘pabbajitā nāma mānusake kāme pahāya dibbakāmatthāya pabbajanti, ayañca dibbepi kāme na icchati, idampi itthiratanaṃ, kā nu assa diṭṭhī’’ti pucchituṃ dutiyaṃ gāthamāha. Tattha <span class="bld">etādisaṃ ce ratana</span>nti dibbitthiratanaṃ sandhāya bhaṇati. <span class="bld">Nāri</span>nti attano dhītaraṃ sandhāya. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhigataṃ sīlavataṃ nu jīvita</span>nti diṭṭhiñca sīlañca vatañca jīvitañca. <span class="bld">Bhavūpapattiñca vadesi kīdisa</span>nti attano bhavūpapattiṃ vā tuvaṃ kīdisaṃ vadesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para72"></a><span class="paranum">72</span>. Ito parā dve gāthā vissajjanapucchānayena pavattattā pākaṭasambandhāyeva. Tāsu paṭhamagāthāya saṅkhepattho – <span class="bld">tassa</span> mayhaṃ māgaṇḍiya dvāsaṭṭhidiṭṭhigata<span class="bld">dhammesu</span> nicchinitvā ‘‘idameva saccaṃ, moghamañña’’nti (ma. ni. 3.27, 301) evaṃ <span class="bld">idaṃ vadāmīti samuggahītaṃ na hoti</span> natthi na vijjati, kiṃ kāraṇā? Ahañhi passanto <span class="bld">diṭṭhīsu</span> ādīnavaṃ kañci diṭṭhiṃ aggahetvā saccāni pavicinanto ajjhattaṃ rāgādīnaṃ santibhāvena <span class="bld">ajjhattasanti</span>saṅkhātaṃ nibbānameva addasanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ādīnava</span>nti upaddavaṃ. <span class="bld">Sadukkha</span>nti kāyikadukkhena sadukkhaṃ. <span class="bld">Savighāta</span>nti cetasikadukkhena sahitaṃ. <span class="bld">Saupāyāsa</span>nti upāyāsasahitaṃ. <span class="bld">Sapariḷāha</span>nti sadarathaṃ. <span class="bld">Na nibbidāyā</span>ti na vaṭṭe nibbindanatthāya. <span class="bld">Na virāgāyā</span>ti na vaṭṭe virāgatthāya. <span class="bld">Na nirodhāyā</span>ti na vaṭṭassa nirodhatthāya. <span class="bld">Na upasamāyā</span>ti na vaṭṭassa upasamatthāya. <span class="bld">Na abhiññāyā</span>ti na vaṭṭassa abhijānanatthāya. <span class="bld">Na sambodhāyā</span>ti na kilesaniddāvigamena vaṭṭato sambujjhanatthāya<a name="P2.0305"></a>. <span class="bld">Na nibbānāyā</span>ti na amatanibbānatthāya. Ettha pana ‘‘nibbidāyā’’ti vipassanā. ‘‘Virāgāyā’’ti maggo. ‘‘Nirodhāya upasamāyā’’ti nibbānaṃ. ‘‘Abhiññāya sambodhāyā’’ti maggo. ‘‘Nibbānāyā’’ti nibbānameva. Evaṃ ekasmiṃ ṭhāne vipassanā, tīsu maggo, tīsu nibbānaṃ vuttanti evaṃ vavatthānakathā veditabbā. Pariyāyena pana sabbānipetāni maggavevacanānipi nibbānavevacanānipi hontiyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ajjhattaṃ rāgassa santi</span>nti ajjhattarāgassa santabhāvena nibbutabhāvena ajjhattasantisaṅkhātaṃ nibbānaṃ olokesiṃ. <span class="bld">Dosassa santi</span>ntiādīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Pacina</span>nti niddesassa uddesapadaṃ. <span class="bld">Vicinanto</span>ti saccāni vaḍḍhento vibhāvento. <span class="bld">Pavicinanto</span>ti tāneva paccekaṃ vibhāvento<a name="V0.0243"></a>. Keci <a name="M0.0265"></a> ‘‘gavesanto’’ti vaṇṇayanti. <span class="bld">Adassa</span>nti olokesiṃ. <span class="bld">Adakkhi</span>nti vinivijjhiṃ. <span class="bld">Aphassi</span>nti paññāya phusiṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭivijjhi</span>nti ñāṇena paccakkhaṃ akāsiṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para73"></a><span class="paranum">73</span>. Dutiyagāthāya saṅkhepattho – <span class="bld">yāni</span>māni diṭṭhigatāni tehi tehi sattehi vinicchinitvā gahitattā <span class="bld">‘‘vinicchayā’’</span>ti ca attano paccayehi abhisaṅkhatabhāvādinā nayena <span class="bld">‘‘pakappitānī’’</span>ti ca vuccanti, <span class="bld">te ve munī</span> diṭṭhigatadhamme aggahetvā <span class="bld">ajjhattasantīti yametamatthaṃ brūsi,</span> ācikkha me, <span class="bld">kathaṃ nu dhīrehi paveditaṃ taṃ</span> kathaṃ pakāsitaṃ dhīrehīti vadati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Imissā gāthāya niddeso uttānattho ṭhapetvā paramatthapadaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">yaṃ paramattha</span>nti yaṃ uttamaṃ nibbānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para74"></a><span class="paranum">74</span>. Athassa bhagavā yathā yena upāyena taṃ padaṃ dhīrehi pakāsitaṃ, taṃ upāyaṃ sapaṭipakkhaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘na diṭṭhiyā’’</span>ti gāthamāha. Tattha <span class="bld">na diṭṭhiyā</span>tiādīhi diṭṭhisutiaṭṭhasamāpattiñāṇabāhirasīlabbatāni paṭikkhipati. <span class="bld">‘‘Suddhimāhā’’</span>ti ettha vuttaṃ <span class="bld">āha</span>-saddaṃ sabbattha nakārena saddhiṃ yojetvā purimapadattayaṃ netvā ‘‘diṭṭhiyā suddhiṃ nāha <a name="P2.0306"></a> na kathemī’’ti evamattho veditabbo. Yathā cettha, evaṃ uttarapadesupi. Tattha ca <span class="bld">adiṭṭhiyā nāhā</span>ti dasavatthukaṃ sammādiṭṭhiṃ vinā na kathemi. Tathā <span class="bld">assutiyā</span>ti navaṅgaṃ savanaṃ vinā. <span class="bld">Añāṇā</span>ti kammassakatasaccānulomikañāṇaṃ vinā. <span class="bld">Asīlatā</span>ti pātimokkhasaṃvaraṃ vinā. <span class="bld">Abbatā</span>ti dhutaṅgavataṃ vinā. <span class="bld">Nopi tenā</span>ti tesu ekamekena diṭṭhiādimattenāpi na kathemīti evamattho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Ete ca nissajja anuggahāyā</span>ti ete ca purimadiṭṭhiādibhede kaṇhapakkhike dhamme samugghātakaraṇena nissajja, pacchime adiṭṭhiādibhede sukkapakkhikepi atammayatāpajjanena anuggahāya. <span class="bld">Santo anissāya bhavaṃ na jappe</span>ti imāya paṭipattiyā rāgādivūpasamena santo cakkhādīsu kañci dhammaṃ anissāya ekampi bhavaṃ na jappe, apihetuṃ apatthetuṃ samattho siyā, ayamassa ajjhattasantīti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Savanampi icchitabba</span>nti suttādivasena suṇanampi ākaṅkhitabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Sambhārā ime dhammā</span>ti sammādiṭṭhiādikā ime dhammā upakāraṭṭhena sambhārā honti<a name="M0.0266"></a>. <span class="bld">Kaṇhapakkhikāna</span>nti akusalapakkhe bhavānaṃ. <span class="bld">Samugghātato pahānaṃ icchitabba</span>nti sammā hananato samucchedato pahānaṃ ākaṅkhitabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Tedhātukesu kusalesu dhammesū</span>ti kāmarūpārūpasaṅkhātesu tebhūmakesu kosallasambhūtesu. <span class="bld">Atammayatā</span>ti nittaṇhabhāvo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para75"></a><span class="paranum">75</span>. Evaṃ <a name="V0.0244"></a> vutte vacanatthaṃ asallakkhento māgaṇḍiyo <span class="bld">‘‘no ce kirā’’</span>ti gāthamāha. Tattha diṭṭhādīni vuttanayāneva. Kaṇhapakkhikāniyeva pana sandhāya ubhayatrāpi āha. <span class="bld">Āha</span>-saddaṃ pana ‘‘no ce’’ti saddena yojetvā <span class="bld">no ce kira āha</span> no ce kira kathesīti evaṃ attho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Momūha</span>nti atimūḷhaṃ, mohanaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Paccentī</span>ti jānanti. Imissāpi gāthāya niddeso uttāno.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para76"></a><span class="paranum">76</span>. Athassa <a name="P2.0307"></a> bhagavā taṃ diṭṭhiṃ nissāya pucchaṃ paṭikkhipanto <span class="bld">‘‘diṭṭhiñca nissāyā’’</span>ti gāthamāha. Tassattho – tvaṃ māgaṇḍiya <span class="bld">diṭṭhiṃ nissāya</span> punappunaṃ pucchamāno yāni te diṭṭhigatāni samuggahitāni, tesveva <span class="bld">samuggahītesu pamohaṃ</span> āgato tvaṃ <span class="bld">ito</span> ca mayā vuttaajjhattasantito paṭipattito dhammadesanato vā <span class="bld">aṇumpi</span> yutta<span class="bld">saññaṃ</span> na passasi, tena kāraṇena tvaṃ imaṃ dhammaṃ <span class="bld">momūhato</span> passasīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Lagganaṃ nissāya laggana</span>nti diṭṭhilagganaṃ allīyitvā diṭṭhilagganaṃ. <span class="bld">Bandhana</span>nti diṭṭhibandhanaṃ. <span class="bld">Palibodha</span>nti diṭṭhipalibodhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Andhakāraṃ pakkhandosī</span>ti bahalandhakāraṃ paviṭṭhosi. <span class="bld">Yuttasañña</span>nti samaṇadhamme yuttasaññaṃ. <span class="bld">Pattasañña</span>nti samaṇadhamme paṭiladdhasaññaṃ. <span class="bld">Lagganasañña</span>nti sañjānitasaññaṃ. <span class="bld">Kāraṇasañña</span>nti hetusaññaṃ. <span class="bld">Ṭhānasañña</span>nti kāraṇasaññaṃ. <span class="bld">Na paṭilabhasī</span>ti na vindasi. <span class="bld">Kuto ñāṇa</span>nti maggañāṇaṃ pana kena kāraṇena labhissasi. <span class="bld">Aniccaṃ vā</span>ti hutvā abhāvaṭṭhena pañcakkhandhā aniccaṃ. <span class="bld">Aniccasaññānulomaṃ vā</span>ti ‘‘pañcakkhandhā aniccā’’ti uppannā saññā aniccasaññā, tāya saññāya anulomaṃ appaṭikkūlaṃ aniccasaññānulomaṃ. Kiṃ taṃ? Vipassanāñāṇaṃ. Dvinnaṃ vipassanāñāṇānaṃ dukkhānattasaññānulomānampi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para77"></a><span class="paranum">77</span>. Evaṃ samuggahitesu pamohena māgaṇḍiyassa vivādāpattiṃ dassetvā idāni tesu aññesu ca dhammesu vigatappamohassa attano nibbivādataṃ <a name="M0.0267"></a> dassento <span class="bld">‘‘samo visesī’’</span>ti gāthamāha. Tassattho – <span class="bld">yo</span> evaṃ tidhā mānena vā diṭṭhiyā vā puggalena vā <span class="bld">maññati, so tena</span> mānena tāya vā diṭṭhiyā tena vā puggalena vivadeyya. Yo pana amhādiso imāsu <span class="bld">tīsu vidhāsu avikampamāno, samo visesī</span>ti <span class="bld">na tassa hoti,</span> na ca hīnoti pāṭhaseso. Imissāpi gāthāya niddeso uttānova.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para78"></a><span class="paranum">78</span>. Kiñca <a name="V0.0245"></a> bhiyyo – <span class="bld">‘‘saccanti so’’</span>ti gāthā. Tassattho – <span class="bld">so</span> evarūpo pahīnamānadiṭṭhiko ‘‘mādiso ‘bāhitapāpattā’dinā nayena <span class="bld">brāhmaṇo,</span> idameva sacca’’nti <span class="bld">kiṃ vadeyya</span> kiṃ vatthuṃ bhaṇeyya, kena <a name="P2.0308"></a> vā kāraṇena bhaṇeyya, ‘‘mayhaṃ saccaṃ, tuyhaṃ musā’’ti vā <span class="bld">kena</span> mānena diṭṭhiyā puggalena vā vivadeyya. <span class="bld">Yasmiṃ</span> mādise khīṇāsave ‘‘sadisohamasmī’’ti pavattiyā <span class="bld">samaṃ</span> vā, itaradvayabhāvena pavattiyā <span class="bld">visamaṃ vā</span> maññitaṃ <span class="bld">natthi,</span> samānādīsu <span class="bld">kena vādaṃ paṭisaṃyujeyya</span> paṭipphareyyāti. Imissāpi gāthāya niddeso uttāno.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para79"></a><span class="paranum">79</span>. Nanu ekaṃseneva evarūpo puggalo? <span class="bld">‘‘Okaṃ pahāyā’’</span>ti gāthā. Tattha <span class="bld">okaṃ pahāyā</span>ti rūpadhātvādiviññāṇassokāsaṃ tatra chandarāgappahānena chaḍḍetvā. <span class="bld">Aniketasārī</span>ti rūpanimittaniketādīni taṇhāvasena asaranto. <span class="bld">Gāme akubbaṃ muni santhavānī</span>ti gāme gihisanthavāni akaronto. <span class="bld">Kāmehi ritto</span>ti kāmesu chandarāgābhāvena sabbakāmehi puthubhūto. <span class="bld">Apurakkharāno</span>ti āyatiṃ attabhāvaṃ anabhinibbattento. <span class="bld">Kathaṃ na viggayha janena kayirā</span>ti janena saddhiṃ viggāhikakathaṃ na katheyya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Hāliddakānī</span>ti evaṃnāmako gahapati. <span class="bld">Yenāyasmā mahākaccāno tenupasaṅkamī</span>ti <span class="bld">yenā</span>ti bhummatthe karaṇavacanaṃ. Tasmā yattha mahākaccāno, tattha upasaṅkamīti evamettha attho daṭṭhabbo. Yena vā kāraṇena mahākaccāno devamanussehi upasaṅkamitabbo, tena kāraṇena upasaṅkamīti evamettha attho daṭṭhabbo. Kena ca kāraṇena <a name="M0.0268"></a> mahākaccāno upasaṅkamitabbo? Nānappakāraguṇavisesādhigamādhippāyena, sāduphalūpabhogādhippāyena dijagaṇehi niccaphalitamahārukkho viya. Upasaṅkamīti ca gatoti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Upasaṅkamitvā</span>ti upasaṅkamanapariyosānadīpanaṃ. Atha vā evaṃ gato tato āsannataraṃ ṭhānaṃ mahākaccānassa samīpasaṅkhātaṃ gantvātipi vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Abhivādetvā</span>ti pañcapatiṭṭhitena vanditvā. Idāni yenatthena mahākaccānassa upaṭṭhānaṃ āgato, taṃ pucchitukāmo dasanakhasamodhānasamujjalaṃ añjaliṃ sirasi patiṭṭhāpetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. <span class="bld">Ekamanta</span>nti bhāvanapuṃsakaniddeso <a name="P2.0309"></a> ‘‘visamaṃ candimasūriyā parivattantī’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 4.7) viya. Tasmā yathā nisinno ekamantaṃ nisinno hoti, evaṃ nisīdīti evamettha attho daṭṭhabbo. Bhummatthe vā etaṃ upayogavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Nisīdī</span>ti nisajjaṃ kappesi. Paṇḍitā hi devamanussā garuṭṭhāniyaṃ upasaṅkamitvā āsanakusalatāya ekamantaṃ nisīdanti. Ayañca gahapati tesaṃ aññataro, tasmā ekamantaṃ nisīdi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ <a name="V0.0246"></a> nisinno ca pana ekamantaṃ nisinno hotīti? Cha nisajjadose vajjetvā. Seyyathidaṃ? Atidūraṃ accāsannaṃ uparivātaṃ unnatappadesaṃ atisammukhaṃ atipacchāti. Atidūre nisinno hi sace kathetukāmo hoti, uccāsaddena kathetabbaṃ hoti. Accāsanne nisinno saṅghaṭṭanaṃ karoti. Uparivāte nisinno sarīragandhena bādhati. Unnatappadese nisinno agāravaṃ pakāseti. Atisammukhā nisinno sace daṭṭhukāmo hoti, cakkhunā cakkhuṃ āhacca daṭṭhabbaṃ hoti. Atipacchā nisinno sace daṭṭhukāmo hoti, gīvaṃ pasāretvā daṭṭhabbaṃ hoti. Tasmā ayampi ete cha nisajjadose vajjetvā nisīdi. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘ekamantaṃ nisīdī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Etadavocā</span>ti etaṃ avoca. <span class="bld">Vuttamidaṃ bhante kaccāna bhagavatā aṭṭhakavaggiye māgaṇḍiyapañhe</span>ti aṭṭhakavaggiyamhi māgaṇḍiyapañho nāma atthi, tasmiṃ pañhe.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rūpadhātū</span>ti rūpakkhandho adhippeto. <span class="bld">Rūpadhāturāgavinibandha</span>nti rūpadhātumhi rāgena vinibaddhaṃ. <span class="bld">Viññāṇa</span>nti kammaviññāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Okasārī</span>ti gehasārī ālayasārī. Kasmā panettha ‘‘viññāṇadhātu kho gahapatī’’ti na vuttanti? Sammohavighātatthaṃ. ‘‘Oko’’ti hi atthato paccayo vuccati, purejātañca <a name="M0.0269"></a> kammaviññāṇaṃ pacchājātassa kammaviññāṇassapi vipākaviññāṇassapi, vipākaviññāṇañca vipākaviññāṇassapi kammaviññāṇassapi paccayo hoti, tasmā ‘‘kataraṃ nu kho idha viññāṇa’’nti sammoho bhaveyya. Tassa vighātatthaṃ taṃ aggahetvā asambhinnāva desanā katāti. Apica vipākaārammaṇavasena catasso abhisaṅkhāraviññāṇaṭṭhitiyoti vuttāti tā dassetumpi idha viññāṇaṃ na gahitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upayupādānā</span>ti <a name="P2.0310"></a> taṇhūpayadiṭṭhūpayavasena dve upayā, kāmupādānādīni cattāri upādānāni ca. <span class="bld">Cetaso adhiṭṭhānābhinivesānusayā</span>ti akusalacittassa adhiṭṭhānabhūtā ceva abhinivesabhūtā ca anusayabhūtā ca. <span class="bld">Tathāgatassā</span>ti sammāsambuddhassa. Sabbesampi hi khīṇāsavānaṃ ete pahīnāva, satthu pana khīṇāsavabhāvo loke atipākaṭoti uparimakoṭiyā evaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Viññāṇadhātuyā</span>ti idha viññāṇaṃ kasmā gahitaṃ? Kilesappahānadassanatthaṃ. Kilesā hi na kevalaṃ catūsuyeva khandhesu pahīnā pahīyanti, pañcasupi pahīyantiyevāti kilesappahānadassanatthaṃ gahitaṃ. <span class="bld">Evaṃ kho gahapati anokasārī hotī</span>ti evaṃ kammaviññāṇena okaṃ asarantena anokasārī nāma hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rūpanimittaniketavisāravinibandhā</span>ti rūpameva kilesānaṃ paccayaṭṭhena nimittaṃ, ārammaṇakiriyasaṅkhātena <a name="V0.0247"></a> nivāsaṭṭhena niketanti rūpanimittaniketaṃ. Visāro ca vinibandho ca visāravinibandhā. Ubhayenapi hi kilesānaṃ patthaṭabhāvo ca vinibandhanabhāvo ca vutto, rūpanimittanikete visāravinibandhāti rūpanimittaniketavisāravinibandhā, tasmā rūpanimittaniketamhi uppannena kilesavisārena ceva kilesavinibandhanena cāti attho. <span class="bld">Niketasārīti vuccatī</span>ti ārammaṇakaraṇavasena nivāsaṭṭhānaṭṭhena niketasārīti vuccati. <span class="bld">Pahīnā</span>ti te rūpanimittanikete kilesavisāravinibandhā pahīnā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kasmā panettha pañcakkhandhā ca ‘‘okā’’ti vuttā, cha ārammaṇāni ‘‘niketa’’nti? Chandarāgassa balavadubbalatāya. Samānepi hi etesaṃ ālayaṭṭhena visayabhāve <span class="bld">oko</span>ti nippariyāyena suddhaṃ gehameva vuccati, <span class="bld">niketa</span>nti <a name="M0.0270"></a> ‘‘ajja asukaṭṭhāne kīḷissāmā’’ti katasaṅketānaṃ nivāsanaṭṭhānaṃ uyyānādi. Tattha yathā puttadāradhanadhaññapuṇṇagehe chandarāgo balavā hoti, evaṃ ajjhattikesu khandhesu. Yathā pana uyyānaṭṭhānādīsu tato dubbalataro hoti, evaṃ bāhiresu <a name="P2.0311"></a> chasu ārammaṇesūti chandarāgassa balavadubbalatāya evaṃ desanā katāti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sukhitesu sukhito</span>ti upaṭṭhākesu dhanadhaññalābhādivasena sukhitesu ‘‘idānāhaṃ manāpaṃ cīvaraṃ manāpaṃ bhojanaṃ labhissāmī’’ti gehassitasukhena sukhito hoti, tehi pattasampattiṃ attanā anubhavamāno viya carati. <span class="bld">Dukkhitesu dukkhito</span>ti tesaṃ kenacideva kāraṇena dukkhe uppanne sayaṃ dviguṇena dukkhena dukkhito hoti. <span class="bld">Kiccakaraṇīyesū</span>ti kiccasaṅkhātesu karaṇīyesu. <span class="bld">Voyogaṃ āpajjatī</span>ti upayogaṃ sayaṃ tesaṃ kiccānaṃ kattabbataṃ āpajjati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāmesū</span>ti vatthukāmesu. <span class="bld">Evaṃ kho gahapati kāmehi aritto hotī</span>ti evaṃ kilesakāmehi aritto hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Anto kāmānaṃ bhāvena atuccho. Sukkapakkho tesaṃ abhāvena ritto tucchoti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Purakkharāno</span>ti vaṭṭaṃ purato kurumāno. <span class="bld">Evaṃrūpo siya</span>ntiādīsu dīgharassakāḷodātādīsu rūpesu evaṃrūpo nāma bhaveyyanti pattheti. Sukhādīsu vedanāsu <span class="bld">evaṃvedano</span> nāma. Nīlasaññādīsu saññāsu <span class="bld">evaṃsañño</span> nāma. Puññābhisaṅkhārādīsu saṅkhāresu <span class="bld">evaṃsaṅkhāro</span> nāma. Cakkhuviññāṇādīsu viññāṇesu <span class="bld">evaṃviññāṇo</span> nāma bhaveyyanti pattheti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Apurakkharāno</span>ti <a name="V0.0248"></a> vaṭṭaṃ purato akurumāno. <span class="bld">Sahitaṃ me, asahitaṃ te</span>ti tuyhaṃ vacanaṃ asahitaṃ asiliṭṭhaṃ, mayhaṃ sahitaṃ siliṭṭhaṃ madhuraṃ madhurapānasadisaṃ. <span class="bld">Adhiciṇṇaṃ te viparāvatta</span>nti yaṃ tuyhaṃ dīghena kālena paricitaṃ suppaguṇaṃ, taṃ mama vādaṃ āgamma sabbaṃ khaṇena viparāvattaṃ nivattaṃ. <span class="bld">Āropito te vādo</span>ti tuyhaṃ doso mayā āropito. <span class="bld">Cara vādappamokkhāyā</span>ti taṃ taṃ ācariyaṃ upasaṅkamitvā uttaraṃ pariyesanto imassa vādassa mokkhāya cara āhiṇḍa. <span class="bld">Nibbeṭhehi vā sace pahosī</span>ti atha sayameva pahosi, idheva nibbeṭhehīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para80"></a><span class="paranum">80</span>. So <a name="M0.0271"></a> evarūpo <span class="bld">‘‘yehi vivitto’’</span>ti gāthā. Tattha <span class="bld">yehī</span>ti yehi diṭṭhigatādīhi. <span class="bld">Vivitto vicareyyā</span>ti ritto careyya. <span class="bld">Na tāni</span> <a name="P2.0312"></a> <span class="bld">uggayha vadeyya nāgo</span>ti ‘‘āguṃ na karotī’’tiādinā (cūḷani. bhadrāvudhamāṇavapucchāniddesa 70; pārāyanānugītiniddesa 102) nayena nāgo tāni diṭṭhigatāni uggahetvā na careyya. <span class="bld">Elambuja</span>nti elasaññite ambumhi jātaṃ kaṇṭakanāḷaṃ vārijaṃ, padumanti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Yathā jalena paṅkena canūpalitta</span>nti taṃ padumaṃ yathā jalena ca paṅkena ca anupalittaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Evaṃ muni santivādo agiddho</span>ti evaṃ ajjhattasantivādo muni gedhābhāvena agiddho. <span class="bld">Kāme ca loke ca anūpalitto</span>ti duvidhepi kāme apāyādike ca loke dvīhi silesehi anupalitto hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āguṃ na karotī</span>ti akusalādidosaṃ na karoti. <span class="bld">Na gacchatī</span>ti agativasena na gacchati. <span class="bld">Nāgacchatī</span>ti pahīnakilese na upeti. <span class="bld">Pāpakā</span>ti lāmakā. <span class="bld">Akusalā</span>ti akosallasambhūtā. <span class="bld">Te kilese na punetī</span>ti ye kilesā pahīnā, te kilese puna na eti. <span class="bld">Na paccetī</span>ti paṭi na upeti. <span class="bld">Na paccāgacchatī</span>ti puna na nivattati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kharadaṇḍo</span>ti kharapattadaṇḍo pharusadaṇḍo. <span class="bld">Cattagedho</span>ti vissaṭṭhagedho. <span class="bld">Vantagedho</span>ti vamitagedho. <span class="bld">Muttagedho</span>ti chinnabandhanagedho. <span class="bld">Pahīnagedho</span>ti pajahitagedho. <span class="bld">Paṭinissaṭṭhagedho</span>ti yathā na puna cittaṃ āruhati, evaṃ paṭivissajjitagedho. Upari <span class="bld">vītarāgā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo. Sabbāneva tāni gahitaggahaṇassa vissaṭṭhabhāvavevacanāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para81"></a><span class="paranum">81</span>. Kiñca bhiyyo – <span class="bld">‘‘na vedagū’’</span>ti gāthā. Tattha <span class="bld">na vedagū diṭṭhiyāyako</span>ti catumaggavedagū mādiso diṭṭhiyāyako na hoti, diṭṭhiyā gacchanto vā, taṃ sārato paccento vā na hoti. Tattha vacanattho – yāyatīti yāyako. Karaṇavacanena diṭṭhiyā yāyatīti diṭṭhiyāyako. Upayogatthe sāmivacanenapi diṭṭhiyā yātītipi diṭṭhiyāyako. <span class="bld">Na mutiyā sa mānametī</span>ti <a name="V0.0249"></a> mutarūpādibhedāya mutiyāpi so mānaṃ na eti. <span class="bld">Na hi tammayo so</span>ti taṇhādiṭṭhivasena tammayo hoti tapparāyaṇo, ayaṃ pana na tādiso. <span class="bld">Na kammunā nopi</span> <a name="P2.0313"></a> <span class="bld">sutena neyyo</span>ti puññābhisaṅkhārādinā kammunā vā, sutasuddhiādinā sutena vā <a name="M0.0272"></a> so netabbo na hoti. <span class="bld">Anūpanīto sa nivesanesū</span>ti so dvinnampi upayānaṃ pahīnattā sabbesu taṇhādiṭṭhinivesanesu anupanīto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mutarūpena vā</span>ti ettha mutarūpaṃ nāma gandharasaphoṭṭhabbāni. <span class="bld">Mānaṃ netī</span>ti asmimānaṃ na eti. <span class="bld">Na upetī</span>ti samīpaṃ na eti. <span class="bld">Na upagacchatī</span>ti upagantvā na tiṭṭhati. <span class="bld">Tammayo</span>ti tappakato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para82"></a><span class="paranum">82</span>. Tassa ca evaṃvidhassa <span class="bld">‘‘saññāvirattassā’’</span>ti gāthā. Tattha <span class="bld">saññāvirattassā</span>ti nekkhammasaññāpubbaṅgamāya bhāvanāya pahīnakāmādisaññassa. Iminā padena ubhatobhāgavimutto samathayāniko adhippeto. <span class="bld">Paññāvimuttassā</span>ti vipassanāpubbaṅgamāya bhāvanāya sabbakilesehi vimuttassa. Iminā sukkhavipassako adhippeto. <span class="bld">Saññañca diṭṭhiñca ye aggahesuṃ, te ghaṭṭamānā vicaranti loke</span>ti ye pana kāmasaññādikaṃ saññaṃ aggahesuṃ, te visesato gahaṭṭhā kāmādhikaraṇaṃ, ye ca diṭṭhiṃ aggahesuṃ, te visesato pabbajitā dhammādhikaraṇaṃ aññamaññaṃ ghaṭṭentā vicarantīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yo samathapubbaṅgamaṃ ariyamaggaṃ bhāvetī</span>ti yo puggalo samathapubbaṅgamaṃ purecārikaṃ katvā sahavipassanaṃ ariyamaggaṃ bhāveti, paṭhamaṃ samādhiṃ uppādetvā pacchā sahavipassanaṃ ariyamaggaṃ uppādetīti attho. <span class="bld">Tassa ādito</span>ti tassa puggalassa paṭhamajjhānādito. <span class="bld">Upādāyā</span>ti paṭicca āgamma. <span class="bld">Ganthā vikkhambhītā hontī</span>ti ganthā dūrīkatā bhavanti. <span class="bld">Arahatte patte</span>ti arahattaphalaṃ patte. <span class="bld">Arahato</span>ti arahattaphale ṭhitassa. <span class="bld">Ganthā ca mohā cā</span>tiādayo sabbe kilesā pahīnā honti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yo vipassanāpubbaṅgamaṃ ariyamaggaṃ bhāvetī</span>ti yo puggalo vipassanaṃ pubbaṅgamaṃ purecārikaṃ katvā ariyamaggaṃ bhāveti, paṭhamaṃ vipassanaṃ uppādetvā pacchā ariyamaggasampayuttaṃ samādhiṃ bhāvetīti attho. <span class="bld">Tassa ādito upādāyā</span>ti tassa puggalassa vipassanato paṭṭhāya vipassanaṃ <a name="P2.0314"></a> paṭicca. <span class="bld">Mohā vikkhambhitā hontī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">vikkhambhitā</span>ti dūraṃ pāpitā saññāvasena. <span class="bld">Ghaṭṭentī</span>ti ye kāmasaññādiṃ gaṇhanti, te saññāvasena pīḷenti. <span class="bld">Saṅghaṭṭentī</span>ti tato tato pīḷenti<a name="V0.0250"></a>. Idāni ghaṭṭente dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘rājānopi</span> <a name="M0.0273"></a> <span class="bld">rājūhi vivadantī’’</span>tiādinā nayena vitthāro vutto. <span class="bld">Aññamaññaṃ pāṇīhipi upakkamantī</span>ti ettha aññamaññaṃ hatthehi paharanti. <span class="bld">Leḍḍūhī</span>ti kapālakhaṇḍehi. <span class="bld">Daṇḍehī</span>ti aḍḍhadaṇḍakehi. <span class="bld">Satthehī</span>ti ubhatodhārehi satthehi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Abhisaṅkhārānaṃ appahīnattā</span>ti puññādiabhisaṅkhārānaṃ appahīnabhāvena. <span class="bld">Gatiyā ghaṭṭentī</span>ti gantabbāya patiṭṭhābhūtāya gatiyā pīḷenti ghaṭṭanaṃ āpajjanti. <span class="bld">Nirayā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo. Sesamettha vuttanayattā uttānameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Saddhammappajjotikāya mahāniddesaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Māgaṇḍiyasuttaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter">10. Purābhedasuttaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para83"></a><span class="paranum">83</span>. Dasame <a name="V0.0251"></a><a name="P2.0315"></a> purābhedasuttaniddese <span class="bld">kathaṃdassī</span>ti imassa suttassa ito paresañca pañcannaṃ kalahavivādacūḷabyūhamahābyūhatuvaṭakaattadaṇḍasuttānaṃ sammāparibbājanīyasuttavaṇṇanāyaṃ (su. ni. aṭṭha. 2.362 ādayo) vuttanayeneva sāmaññato uppatti veditabbā. Visesato pana yatheva tasmiṃ mahāsamaye rāgacaritadevatānaṃ sappāyavasena dhammaṃ desetuṃ nimmitabuddhena attānaṃ pucchāpetvā sammāparibbājanīyasuttanta- (su. ni. 361 ādayo) mabhāsi, evaṃ tasmiṃyeva mahāsamaye ‘‘kiṃ nu kho purā sarīrabhedā kattabba’’nti uppannacittānaṃ devatānaṃ cittaṃ ñatvā tāsaṃ anuggahatthaṃ aḍḍhateḷasabhikkhusataparivāraṃ nimmitabuddhaṃ ākāsena ānetvā tena attānaṃ pucchāpetvā imaṃ suttamabhāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ? Buddhā nāma mahantā ete sattavisesā, yaṃ sadevakassa lokassa diṭṭhaṃ sutaṃ mutaṃ viññātaṃ pattaṃ pariyesitaṃ anuvicaritaṃ manasā na kiñci katthaci nīlādivasena vibhattarūpārammaṇesu vibhattarūpārammaṇaṃ vā, bherisaddādivasena vibhattasaddārammaṇādīsu saddādiārammaṇaṃ vā atthi, yaṃ etesaṃ ñāṇamukhe āpāthaṃ nāgacchati. Yathāha – ‘‘yaṃ, bhikkhave, sadevakassa lokassa…pe… sadevamanussāya diṭṭhaṃ sutaṃ mutaṃ viññātaṃ pattaṃ pariyesitaṃ anuvicaritaṃ <a name="M0.0274"></a> manasā, tamahaṃ jānāmi tamahaṃ abbhaññāsi’’nti (a. ni. 4.24). Evaṃ sabbattha appaṭihatañāṇo bhagavā sabbāpi tā devatā bhabbābhabbavasena dve koṭṭhāse akāsi. ‘‘Kammāvaraṇena vā samannāgatā’’tiādinā (pu. pa. 12) hi nayena vuttā sattā abhabbā nāma. Te ekavihāre vasantepi buddhā na olokenti. Viparītā pana bhabbā nāma. Te dūre vasantepi gantvā saṅgaṇhanti. Tasmiṃ devatāsannipāte ye abhabbā, te <a name="P2.0316"></a> pahāya bhabbe pariggahesi. Pariggahetvā ‘‘ettakā ettha rāgacaritā, ettakā dosādicaritā’’ti cariyavasena cha koṭṭhāse akāsi. Atha nesaṃ sappāyadhammadesanaṃ upadhārento ‘‘rāgacaritānaṃ devānaṃ sammāparibbājanīyasuttaṃ (su. ni. 361 ādayo) kathessāmi, dosacaritānaṃ kalahavivādasuttaṃ <a name="V0.0252"></a> (su. ni. 868 ādayo), mohacaritānaṃ mahābyūhasuttaṃ (su. ni. 901 ādayo), vitakkacaritānaṃ cūḷabyūhasuttaṃ (su. ni. 884 ādayo), saddhācaritānaṃ tuvaṭakasuttaṃ (su. ni. 921 ādayo), buddhicaritānaṃ purābhedasuttaṃ (su. ni. 854 ādayo) kathessāmī’’ti desanaṃ vavatthāpetvā puna taṃ parisaṃ manasākāsi ‘‘attajjhāsayena nu kho jāneyya, parajjhāsayena, aṭṭhuppattikena, pucchāvasenā’’ti. Tato ‘‘pucchāvasena jāneyyā’’ti ñatvā ‘‘atthi nu kho koci devatānaṃ ajjhāsayaṃ gahetvā cariyavasena pañhaṃ pucchituṃ samattho’’ti ‘‘tesu pañcasatesu bhikkhūsu ekopi na sakkotī’’ti addasa. Tato asītimahāsāvake, dve aggasāvake ca samannāharitvā ‘‘tepi na sakkontī’’ti disvā cintesi – ‘‘sace paccekabuddho bhaveyya, sakkuṇeyya nu kho’’ti. ‘‘Sopi na sakkuṇeyyo’’ti ñatvā ‘‘sakkasuyāmādīsu koci sakkuṇeyyā’’ti samannāhari. Sace hi tesu koci sakkuṇeyya, taṃ pucchāpetvā attanā vissajjeyya. Na pana tesupi koci sakkoti. Athassa etadahosi – ‘‘mādiso buddhoyeva sakkuṇeyya, atthi pana katthaci añño buddho’’ti anantāsu lokadhātūsu anantañāṇaṃ pattharitvā lokaṃ olokento na aññaṃ buddhaṃ addasa. Anacchariyañcetaṃ, idāni attanā samaṃ na passeyya, yo jātadivasepi brahmajālavaṇṇanāyaṃ (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 1.7) vuttanayena attanā samaṃ apassanto ‘‘aggohamasmi lokassā’’ti (dī. ni. 2.31) appaṭivattiyaṃ sīhanādaṃ nadi. Evaṃ aññaṃ attanā samaṃ apassitvā cintesi ‘‘sace <a name="M0.0275"></a> ahaṃ pucchitvā ahameva vissajjeyyaṃ, evaṃ tā devatā na sakkhissanti paṭivijjhituṃ. Aññasmiṃ pana buddheyeva pucchante mayi ca vissajjante accherakaṃ bhavissati, sakkhissanti ca devatā paṭivijjhituṃ, tasmā nimmitabuddhaṃ māpessāmī’’ti abhiññāpādakaṃ jhānaṃ samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhāya ‘‘pattacīvaraggahaṇaṃ ālokitaṃ vilokitaṃ samiñjitaṃ pasāritañca mama sadisaṃyeva hotū’’ti kāmāvacaracittehi parikammaṃ katvā <a name="P2.0317"></a> ‘‘pācīnayugandharaparikkhepato ullaṅghayamānaṃ candamaṇḍalaṃ bhinditvā nikkhamanto viya āgacchatū’’ti rūpāvacaracittena adhiṭṭhāsi. Devasaṅgho taṃ disvā ‘‘aññopi nu kho bho, cando uggato’’ti āha. Atha candaṃ ohāya āsannatare jāte ‘‘na cando, sūriyo uggato’’ti. Puna āsannatare jāte ‘‘na sūriyo, devavimānaṃ eta’’nti. Puna āsannatare jāte ‘‘na devavimānaṃ, devaputto eso’’ti. Puna āsannatare jāte ‘‘na devaputto, mahābrahmā eso’’ti. Puna āsannatare jāte ‘‘na mahābrahmā, aparopi bho buddho āgato’’ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha puthujjanadevatā cintayiṃsu – ‘‘ekabuddhassa tāva ayaṃ devatāsannipāto. Dvinnaṃ kīvamahanto bhavissatī’’ti. Ariyadevatā cintayiṃsu – ‘‘ekissā lokadhātuyā dve buddhā nāma <a name="V0.0253"></a> natthi, addhā bhagavā attanā sadisaṃ aññaṃ ekaṃ buddhaṃ nimminī’’ti. Athassa devasaṅghassa passantasseva nimmitabuddho āgantvā dasabalaṃ avanditvāva sammukhaṭṭhāne samasamaṃ katvā māpite āsane nisīdi. Bhagavato bāttiṃsamahāpurisalakkhaṇāni, nimmitassāpi, bhagavato sarīrā chabbaṇṇarasmiyo nikkhamanti, nimmitassāpi, bhagavato sarīrarasmiyo nimmitasarīre paṭihaññanti, nimmitassa rasmiyo bhagavato kāye paṭihaññanti. Tā dvinnampi buddhānaṃ sarīrato uggamma bhavaggaṃ āhacca tato tato paṭinivattitvā devatānaṃ matthakamatthakapariyantena otaritvā cakkavāḷamukhavaṭṭiyaṃ patiṭṭhahiṃsu. Sakalacakkavāḷagabbhaṃ suvaṇṇamayavaṅkagopānasivinaddhamiva cetiyagharaṃ virocittha. Dasasahassacakkavāḷadevatā ekacakkavāḷe rāsibhūtā dvinnaṃ buddhānaṃ rasmiabbhantaraṃ pavisitvā aṭṭhaṃsu. Nimmito nisīdantoyeva <span class="bld">‘‘kathaṃdassī kathaṃsīlo, upasantoti vuccatī’’</span>tiādinā nayena adhipaññādikaṃ pucchanto gāthamāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha pucchāya tāva so nimmito <span class="bld">kathaṃdassī</span>ti adhipaññaṃ, <span class="bld">kathaṃsīlo</span>ti adhisīlaṃ, <span class="bld">upasanto</span>ti adhicittaṃ pucchati. Sesaṃ pākaṭameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nimmitabuddhādivibhāvanatthaṃ <a name="P2.0318"></a><a name="M0.0276"></a> peṭake –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Upeti dhammaṃ paripucchamāno, kusalaṃ atthupasañhitaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Na jīvati na nibbuto na mato, taṃ puggalaṃ katamaṃ vadanti buddhā. (pari. 479);</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Saṃsārakhīṇo na ca vantarāgo, na cāpi sekkho na ca diṭṭhadhammo;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Akhīṇāsavo antimadehadhārī, taṃ puggalaṃ katamaṃ vadanti buddhā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Na dukkhasaccena samaṅgibhūto, na maggasaccena kuto nirodho;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Samudayasaccato suvidūravidūro, taṃ puggalaṃ katamaṃ vadanti buddhā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Ahetuko nopi ca rūpanissito, apaccayo nopi ca so asaṅkhato;</p>
<p class="gatha1">Asaṅkhatārammaṇo nopi ca rūpī, taṃ puggalaṃ katamaṃ vadanti buddhā’’ti. –</p>
<p class="unindented">Vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="V0.0254"></a> paṭhamagāthā nimmitabuddhaṃ sandhāya, dutiyagāthā pacchimabhavikabodhisattaṃ sandhāya, tatiyagāthā arahattaphalaṭṭhaṃ sandhāya, catutthagāthā arūpe nibbānapaccavekkhaṇamanodvārapurecārikacittasamaṅgiṃ sandhāya vuttāti ñātabbā. <span class="bld">Kīdisena dassanenā</span>ti kīdisavasena dassanena. <span class="bld">Kiṃsaṇṭhitenā</span>ti kiṃsarikkhena. <span class="bld">Kiṃpakārenā</span>ti kiṃvidhena. <span class="bld">Kiṃpaṭibhāgenā</span>ti kiṃākārena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yaṃ pucchāmī</span>ti yaṃ puggalaṃ pucchāmi, taṃ mayhaṃ viyākarohi. <span class="bld">Yācāmī</span>ti āyācāmi. <span class="bld">Ajjhesāmī</span>ti āṇāpemi. <span class="bld">Pasādemī</span>ti tava santāne somanassaṃ uppādemi. <span class="bld">Brūhī</span>ti niddesassa uddesapadaṃ. <span class="bld">Ācikkhā</span>ti desetabbānaṃ ‘‘imāni nāmānī’’ti nāmavasena kathehi. <span class="bld">Desehī</span>ti dassehi<a name="P2.0319"></a>. <span class="bld">Paññapehī</span>ti jānāpehi. Ñāṇamukhavasena hi appanaṃ ṭhapento ‘‘paññapehī’’ti <a name="M0.0277"></a> vuccati. <span class="bld">Paṭṭhapehī</span>ti paññāpehi, pavattāpehīti attho. Ñāṇamukhe ṭhapehīti vā. <span class="bld">Vivarā</span>ti vivaṭaṃ karohi, vivaritvā dassehīti attho. <span class="bld">Vibhajā</span>ti vibhāgakiriyāya vibhāvento dassehīti attho. <span class="bld">Uttānīkarohī</span>ti pākaṭabhāvaṃ karohi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha vā <span class="bld">ācikkhā</span>ti desanādīnaṃ channaṃ padānaṃ mūlapadaṃ. Desanādīni cha padāni etassa atthassa vivaraṇatthaṃ vuttāni. Tattha <span class="bld">desehī</span>ti ugghaṭitaññūnaṃ vasena saṅkhepato paṭhamaṃ uddesavasena desehi. Ugghaṭitaññū hi saṅkhepena vuttaṃ paṭhamaṃ vuttañca paṭivijjhanti. <span class="bld">Paññapehī</span>ti vipañcitaññūnaṃ vasena tesaṃ cittatosanena buddhinisānena ca paṭhamaṃ saṃkhittassa vitthārato niddesavaseneva paññapehi. <span class="bld">Paṭṭhapehī</span>ti tesaṃyeva niddiṭṭhassa niddesassa paṭiniddesavasena vitthāritavasena ṭhapeti paṭṭhapehi. <span class="bld">Vivarā</span>ti niddiṭṭhassapi punappunaṃ vacanena vivarāhi. <span class="bld">Vibhajā</span>ti punappunaṃ vuttassāpi vibhāgakaraṇena vibhajāhi. <span class="bld">Uttānīkarohī</span>ti vivaṭassa vitthārataravacanena vibhattassa ca nidassanavacanena uttāniṃ karohi. Ayaṃ desanā neyyānampi paṭivedhāya hotīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para84"></a><span class="paranum">84</span>. Vissajjane pana bhagavā sarūpena adhipaññādīni avissajjetvāva adhipaññādippabhāvena yesaṃ kilesānaṃ upasamā ‘‘upasanto’’ti vuccati, nānādevatānaṃ āsayānulomena tesaṃ upasamameva dīpento <span class="bld">‘‘vītataṇho’’</span>tiādikā gāthāyo abhāsi. Tattha ādito aṭṭhannaṃ gāthānaṃ ‘‘taṃ brūmi upasanto’’ti imāya gāthāya sambandho veditabbo, tato parāsaṃ ‘‘sa ve santoti vuccatī’’ti iminā sabbapacchimena padena.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Anupadavaṇṇanānayo – <span class="bld">vītataṇho purābhedā</span>ti yo sarīrabhedā pubbameva pahīnataṇho. <span class="bld">Pubbamantamanissito</span>ti <a name="V0.0255"></a> atītaddhādibhedaṃ pubbaantaṃ anissito. <span class="bld">Vemajjhe nupasaṅkheyyo</span>ti paccuppannepi addhani ‘‘ratto’’tiādinā nayena na upasaṅkhātabbo<a name="P2.0320"></a>. <span class="bld">Tassa natthi purakkhata</span>nti tassa arahato dvinnaṃ purekkhārānaṃ abhāvā anāgate addhani purakkhatamapi natthi, taṃ brūmi upasantoti evamettha yojanā veditabbā. Esa nayo sabbattha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Purā kāyassa bhedā</span>ti karajakāyassa bhedato pubbeyeva. <span class="bld">Attabhāvassā</span>ti sakalattabhāvassa. <span class="bld">Kaḷevarassa nikkhepā</span>ti kaḷevarassa nikkhepato <a name="M0.0278"></a> sarīrassa ṭhapanato. <span class="bld">Jīvitindriyassa upacchedā</span>ti duvidhassa jīvitindriyassa upacchedato pubbameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pubbanto vuccati atīto addhā</span>ti pubbasaṅkhāto anto koṭṭhāso ‘‘atīto addhāti, atikkanto kālo’’ti kathīyati. <span class="bld">Atītaṃ addhānaṃ ārabbhā</span>ti atītakālaṃ paṭicca taṇhā pahīnā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparampi bhaddekarattapariyāyaṃ (ma. ni. 3.272 ādayo) dassento <span class="bld">‘‘atha vā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">evaṃrūpo ahosi</span>nti kāḷopi samāno indanīlamaṇivaṇṇo ahosinti evaṃ manuññarūpavaseneva evaṃrūpo ahosiṃ. Kusalasukhasomanassavedanāvaseneva <span class="bld">evaṃvedano</span>. Taṃ sampayuttānaṃyeva saññādīnaṃ vasena <span class="bld">evaṃsañño. Evaṃsaṅkhāro. Evaṃviññāṇo ahosiṃ atītamaddhānanti tattha nandiṃ na samannānetī</span>ti tesu rūpādīsu taṇhaṃ vā taṇhāsampayuttadiṭṭhiṃ vā nānupavattayati. Aparena pariyāyena mahākaccānabhaddekarattapariyāyaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘atha vā iti me cakkhu ahosī’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">cakkhū</span>ti cakkhupasādo. <span class="bld">Rūpā</span>ti catusamuṭṭhānikarūpā. Iminā nayena sesāyatanānipi veditabbāni. <span class="bld">Viññāṇa</span>nti nissayaviññāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Na tadabhinandatī</span>ti taṃ cakkhuñceva rūpañca taṇhādiṭṭhivasena nābhinandati. <span class="bld">Iti me mano ahosi iti dhammā</span>ti ettha pana <span class="bld">mano</span>ti bhavaṅgacittaṃ. <span class="bld">Dhammā</span>ti tebhūmakadhammārammaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Hasitalapitakīḷitānī</span>ti dantavidaṃsakahasitañca vācālapitañca kāyakīḷādikīḷitañcāti hasitalapitakīḷitāni. <span class="bld">Na tadassādetī</span>ti tāni hasitādīni nābhinandati. <span class="bld">Na taṃ nikāmetī</span>ti kantaṃ na karoti. <span class="bld">Na ca tena vittiṃ āpajjatī</span>ti tena ca tuṭṭhiṃ na pāpuṇāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Taṃ <a name="P2.0321"></a> taṃ paccayaṃ paṭicca uppannoti <span class="bld">paccuppanno. Rattoti nupasaṅkheyyo</span>ti rāgena rattoti gaṇanaṃ na upanetabbo. Uparipi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Evarūpo siya</span>ntiādīsu paṇītamanuññarūpādivaseneva <a name="V0.0256"></a> taṇhādiṭṭhipavattanasaṅkhātā nandī samannānayanā veditabbā. <span class="bld">Na paṇidahatī</span>ti patthanāvasena na ṭhapeti. <span class="bld">Appaṇidhānapaccayā</span>ti na patthanāṭhapanakāraṇena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para85"></a><span class="paranum">85</span>. <span class="bld">Asantāsī</span>ti tena tena alābhato asantasanto. <span class="bld">Avikatthī</span>ti sīlādīhi avikatthanasīlo. <span class="bld">Akukkuco</span>ti hatthakukkuccādivirahito. <span class="bld">Mantabhāṇī</span>ti mantāya pariggahetvā vācaṃ bhāsitā. <span class="bld">Anuddhato</span>ti <a name="M0.0279"></a> uddhaccavirahito. <span class="bld">Sa ve vācāyato</span>ti so vācāya yato saṃyato catudosavirahitaṃ vācaṃ bhāsitā hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Akkodhanoti yañhi kho vutta</span>nti ‘‘na kodhano akodhano kodhavirahito’’ti yaṃ kathitaṃ, taṃ paṭhamaṃ tāva kodhaṃ kathetukāmo <span class="bld">‘‘apica kodho tāva vattabbo’’</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Kodho tāva vattabbo</span>ti paṭhamaṃ kodho kathetabbo. <span class="bld">Dasahākārehi kodho jāyatī</span>ti dasahi kāraṇehi kodho uppajjati. <span class="bld">Anatthaṃ me acarī</span>ti avaḍḍhiṃ me akāsi, iminā upāyena sabbapadesu attho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhāne vā pana kodho jāyatī</span>ti akāraṇe kodho uppajjati. Ekacco hi ‘‘devo ativassatī’’ti kuppati, ‘‘na vassatī’’ti kuppati, ‘‘sūriyo tappatī’’ti kuppati, ‘‘na tappatī’’ti kuppati, vāte vāyantepi kuppati, avāyantepi kuppati, sammajjituṃ asakkonto bodhipaṇṇānaṃ kuppati, cīvaraṃ pārupituṃ asakkonto vātassa kuppati, upakkhalitvā khāṇukassa kuppati. Idaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ – ‘‘aṭṭhāne vā pana kodho jāyatī’’ti. Tattha heṭṭhā navasu ṭhānesu satte ārabbha uppannattā kammapathabhedo hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aṭṭhānaghāto pana saṅkhāresu uppanno kammapathabhedaṃ na karoti. Cittaṃ āghātento uppannoti <span class="bld">cittassa āghāto</span>. Tato balavataro <span class="bld">paṭighāto</span>. Paṭihaññanavasena <span class="bld">paṭighaṃ</span>. Paṭivirujjhatīti <span class="bld">paṭivirodho</span>. Kuppanavasena <span class="bld">kopo. Pakopo sampakopo</span>ti upasaggavasena padaṃ vaḍḍhitaṃ. Dussanavasena <span class="bld">doso. Padoso sampadoso</span>ti upasaggavasena padaṃ vaḍḍhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Cittassa</span> <a name="P2.0322"></a> <span class="bld">byāpattī</span>ti cittassa vipannatā viparivattanākāro. Manaṃ padūsayamāno uppajjatīti <span class="bld">manopadoso</span>. Kujjhanavasena <span class="bld">kodho</span>. Kujjhanākāro <span class="bld">kujjhanā</span>. Kujjhitassa bhāvo <span class="bld">kujjhitattaṃ</span>. Dussatīti <span class="bld">doso. Dussanā</span>ti dussanākāro. <span class="bld">Dussitatta</span>nti dussitabhāvo. Pakatibhāvavijahanaṭṭhena byāpajjanaṃ <span class="bld">byāpatti. Byāpajjanā</span>ti byāpajjanākāro. Virujjhatīti <span class="bld">virodho</span>. Punappunaṃ virujjhatīti <span class="bld">paṭivirodho</span>. Viruddhākārapaṭiviruddhākāravasena vā idaṃ vuttaṃ. Caṇḍiko vuccati caṇḍo, thaddhapuggalo, tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">caṇḍikkaṃ</span>. Na etena suropitaṃ vacanaṃ hoti, duruttaṃ aparipuṇṇameva hotīti <span class="bld">asuropo</span>. Kuddhakāle hi <a name="M0.0280"></a> paripuṇṇavacanaṃ nāma natthi, sacepi kassaci <a name="V0.0257"></a> hoti, taṃ appamāṇaṃ. Apare pana ‘‘assujananaṭṭhena assuropanato assuropo’’ti vadanti, taṃ akāraṇaṃ somanassassāpi assujananato. Heṭṭhāvuttaattamanatāpaṭipakkhato na attamanatāti <span class="bld">anattamanatā</span>. Sā pana yasmā cittasseva, na sattassa, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘cittassā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Adhimattaparittatā veditabbā</span>ti adhimattabhāvo parittabhāvo ca, balavabhāvo mandabhāvoti attho. <span class="bld">Kañci kāle</span>ti ekadā. ‘‘Kañci kāla’’ntipi pāṭho. <span class="bld">Cittāvilakaraṇamatto hotī</span>ti cittassa āvilakaraṇappamāṇo, cittakiliṭṭhakaraṇappamāṇoti attho. ‘‘Cittālasakaraṇamatto’’tipi pāṭho, taṃ na sundaraṃ. Tassa cittakilamathakaraṇamattoti attho. <span class="bld">Na ca tāva mukhakulānavikulāno hotī</span>ti mukhassa saṅkocanavisaṅkocano na ca tāva hoti. <span class="bld">Na ca tāva hanusañcopano hotī</span>ti dvinnaṃ hanūnaṃ aparāparaṃ calano na ca tāva hoti. <span class="bld">Na ca tāva pharusavācaṃ nicchāraṇo hotī</span>ti paresaṃ mammacchedakaṃ pharusavācaṃ mukhato nīharaṇena bahi nikkhamano na ca tāva hoti. <span class="bld">Na ca tāva disāvidisānuvilokano hotī</span>ti parassa abbhukkiraṇatthaṃ daṇḍādiatthāya disañca anudisañca punappunaṃ vilokano na ca tāva hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na ca tāva daṇḍasatthaparāmasano hotī</span>ti āghātanatthaṃ daṇḍañca ekatodhārādisatthañca ādiyano na ca tāva hoti. <span class="bld">Na ca tāva daṇḍasatthaabbhukkiraṇo hotī</span>ti vuttappakāraṃ daṇḍasatthaṃ ukkhipitvā paharaṇo na ca tāva hoti. <span class="bld">Na ca tāva</span> <a name="P2.0323"></a> <span class="bld">daṇḍasatthaabhinipātano hotī</span>ti etaṃ duvidhaṃ parassa paharaṇatthaṃ na ca tāva khipano hoti. <span class="bld">Na ca tāva chinnavicchinnakaraṇo hotī</span>ti daṇḍasatthādikhipanena parasarīraṃ dvidhākaraṇo ca vividhākārena vaṇakaraṇo ca na tāva hoti. ‘‘Chiddavicchiddakaraṇo’’tipi pāṭho. <span class="bld">Na ca tāva sambhañjanapalibhañjano hotī</span>ti sarīraṃ bhañjitvā cuṇṇavicuṇṇakaraṇo na ca tāva hoti. <span class="bld">Na ca tāva aṅgamaṅgaapakaḍḍhano hotī</span>ti aṅgapaccaṅgaṃ sampaggahetvā apanetvā kaḍḍhano na ca tāva hoti. <span class="bld">Na ca tāva jīvitā voropano hotī</span>ti jīvitindriyato voropano na ca tāva hoti. <span class="bld">Na ca tāva sabbacāgapariccāgāya saṇṭhito hotī</span>ti sabbaṃ parassa <a name="M0.0281"></a> jīvitaṃ nāsetvā attano jīvitanāsanatthāya saṇṭhito na ca tāva hoti. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – yadā aññaṃ jīvitā voropetvā attānaṃ jīvitā voropanatthāya ṭhito, tadā sabbacāgapariccāgā nāma hoti. Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Kodhaṃ <a name="V0.0258"></a> chetvā sukhaṃ seti, kodhaṃ chetvā na socati;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Kodhassa visamūlassa, madhuraggassa brāhmaṇa;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Vadhaṃ ariyā pasaṃsanti, tañhi chetvā na socatī’’ti. (saṃ. ni. 1.187, 267);</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yato</span>ti yadā. <span class="bld">Parapuggalaṃ ghāṭetvā</span>ti parapuggalaṃ nāsetvā. <span class="bld">Attānaṃ ghāṭetī</span>ti attānaṃ māreti. <span class="bld">Paramussadagato</span>ti atibalavabhāvaṃ gato. <span class="bld">Paramavepullappatto</span>ti ativipulabhāvaṃ patto. <span class="bld">Kodhassa pahīnattā</span>ti anāgāmimaggena vuttappakārassa kodhassa pahīnabhāvena. <span class="bld">Kodhavatthussa pariññātattā</span>ti kodhassa patiṭṭhābhūtassa kāraṇabhūtassa piyāpiyaaṭṭhānasaṅkhātassa vatthussa ñātatīraṇapariññāhi byāpetvā ñātabhāvena. <span class="bld">Kodhahetussa upacchinnattā</span>ti kodhassa janakahetuno domanassasahagatacittuppādassa ucchinnabhāvena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tāsī</span>ti bhāyanasīlo hoti. <span class="bld">Uttāsī</span>ti atibhāyanasīlo. <span class="bld">Parittāsī</span>ti samantato bhāyanasīlo. <span class="bld">Bhāyatī</span>ti bhayaṃ uppajjati. <span class="bld">Santāsaṃ āpajjatī</span>ti virūpabhāvaṃ pāpuṇāti. <span class="bld">Katthī</span> <a name="P2.0324"></a> <span class="bld">hotī</span>ti attano vaṇṇabhaṇanasīlo hoti. <span class="bld">Vikatthī</span>ti vividhā nānappakārato vaṇṇabhaṇanasīlo. <span class="bld">Jātiyā vā</span>ti khattiyabhāvādijātisampattiyā vā. <span class="bld">Gottena vā</span>ti gotamagottādinā ukkaṭṭhagottena vā. <span class="bld">Kolaputtiyena vā</span>ti mahākulabhāvena vā. <span class="bld">Vaṇṇapokkharatāya vā</span>ti vaṇṇasampannasarīratāya vā. Sarīrañhi ‘‘pokkhara’’nti vuccati, tassa vaṇṇasampattiyā abhirūpabhāvenāti attho. <span class="bld">Dhanena vā</span>tiādīni uttānatthāneva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kukkucca</span>nti niddesassa uddesapadaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">kukkucca</span>nti kucchitaṃ kataṃ kukataṃ, tassa bhāvo kukkuccaṃ. Taṃ pacchānutāpalakkhaṇaṃ, katākatānusocanarasaṃ, vippaṭisārapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ, katākatapadaṭṭhānaṃ, dāsabyaṃ viya daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Hatthakukkuccampī</span>ti hatthehi kucchitaṃ kataṃ kukataṃ, tassa bhāvo hatthakukkuccaṃ. <span class="bld">Pādakukkuccā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Akappiye</span> <a name="M0.0282"></a> <span class="bld">kappiyasaññitā</span>ti acchamaṃsaṃ sūkaramaṃsanti khādati, dīpimaṃsaṃ migamaṃsanti khādati, akappiyabhojanaṃ kappiyabhojananti bhuñjati, vikāle kālasaññitāya bhuñjati, akappiyapānakaṃ kappiyapānakanti <a name="V0.0259"></a> pivati. Ayaṃ akappiye kappiyasaññitā. <span class="bld">Kappiye akappiyasaññitā</span>ti sūkaramaṃsaṃ acchamaṃsanti khādati, migamaṃsaṃ dīpimaṃsanti khādati, kappiyabhojanaṃ akappiyabhojananti bhuñjati, kāle vikālasaññitāya bhuñjati, kappiyapānakaṃ akappiyapānakanti pivati. Ayaṃ kappiye akappiyasaññitā. <span class="bld">Avajje vajjasaññitā</span>ti niddose dosasaññitā. <span class="bld">Vajje avajjasaññitā</span>ti sadose niddosasaññitā. <span class="bld">Kukkuccāyanā</span>ti kukkuccāyanākāro. <span class="bld">Kukkuccāyitatta</span>nti kukkuccāyitabhāvo. <span class="bld">Cetaso vippaṭisāro</span>ti cittassa virūpo paṭisaraṇabhāvo. <span class="bld">Manovilekho</span>ti cittassa vilekho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Katattā ca akatattā cā</span>ti kāyaduccaritādīnaṃ katabhāvena ca kāyasucaritādīnaṃ akatabhāvena ca. <span class="bld">Kataṃ me kāyaduccarita</span>nti mayā kāyena kilesapūtikattā duṭṭhu caritaṃ kāyena kataṃ. <span class="bld">Akataṃ me kāyasucarita</span>nti mayā kāyena suṭṭhu caritaṃ na kataṃ. <span class="bld">Vacīduccaritavacīsucaritā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo <span class="bld">nirodha</span>pariyosānesu<a name="P2.0325"></a>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cittassā</span>ti na sattassa na posassa. <span class="bld">Uddhacca</span>nti uddhatākāro. <span class="bld">Avūpasamo</span>ti na vūpasamo. Ceto vikkhipatīti <span class="bld">cetaso vikkhepo, bhantattaṃ cittassā</span>ti cittassa bhantabhāvo bhantayānabhantagoṇādīnaṃ viya. Iminā ekārammaṇasmiṃyeva vipphandanaṃ kathitaṃ. Uddhaccañhi ekārammaṇe vipphandati, vicikicchā nānārammaṇeti. <span class="bld">Idaṃ vuccati uddhacca</span>nti ayaṃ uddhatabhāvo kathīyati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Musāvādaṃ pahāyā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">musā</span>ti visaṃvādanapurekkhārassa atthabhañjako vacīpayogo kāyapayogo vā. Visaṃvādanādhippāyena panassa paravisaṃvādakakāyavacīpayogasamuṭṭhāpikā cetanā musāvādo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparo nayo – <span class="bld">musā</span>ti abhūtaṃ atacchaṃ vatthu. <span class="bld">Vādo</span>ti tassa bhūtato tacchato viññāpanaṃ. Lakkhaṇato pana atathaṃ vatthuṃ tathato paraṃ viññāpetukāmassa tathāviññattisamuṭṭhāpikā cetanā musāvādo, taṃ <span class="bld">musāvādaṃ. Pahāyā</span>ti imaṃ musāvādacetanāsaṅkhātaṃ dussīlyaṃ pajahitvā<a name="M0.0283"></a>. <span class="bld">Paṭivirato</span>ti pahīnakālato paṭṭhāya tato dussīlyato orato viratova. Natthi tassa vītikkamissāmīti cakkhusotaviññeyyā dhammā, pageva kāyaviññeyyāti iminā nayena aññesupi evarūpesu padesu attho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Saccaṃ vadatīti <span class="bld">saccavādī</span>. Saccena saccaṃ sandahati ghaṭetīti saccasandho, na antarantarā musā vadatīti attho. Yo hi puriso kadāci musā vadati, kadāci saccaṃ, tassa <a name="V0.0260"></a> musāvādena antaritattā saccaṃ saccena na ghaṭiyati, tasmā so na saccasandho, ayaṃ pana na tādiso, jīvitahetupi musā avatvā saccena saccaṃ sandahatiyevāti saccasandho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Theto</span>ti thiro, thirakathoti attho. Eko hi puggalo haliddirāgo viya, thusarāsimhi nikhātakhāṇu viya, assapiṭṭhe ṭhapitakumbhaṇḍamiva ca na thirakatho hoti, eko pāsāṇalekhā viya, indakhīlā viya ca thirakatho hoti, asinā sīsaṃ chindantepi dve kathā na katheti, ayaṃ vuccati theto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paccayiko</span>ti pattiyāyitabbako, saddhāyitabbakoti attho. Ekacco hi <a name="P2.0326"></a> puggalo na paccayiko hoti, ‘‘idaṃ kena vuttaṃ, asukenā’’ti vutte ‘‘mā tassa vacanaṃ saddahathā’’ti vattabbataṃ āpajjati. Eko paccayiko hoti, ‘‘idaṃ kena vuttaṃ, asukenā’’ti vutte ‘‘yadi tena vuttaṃ, idameva pamāṇaṃ, idāni upaparikkhitabbaṃ natthi, evameva ida’’nti vattabbataṃ āpajjati, ayaṃ vuccati paccayiko.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Avisaṃvādako lokassā</span>ti tāya saccavāditāya lokaṃ na visaṃvādetīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pisuṇaṃ vācaṃ pahāyā</span>tiādīsu yāya vācāya yassa taṃ vācaṃ bhāsati, tassa hadaye attano piyabhāvaṃ parassa ca suññabhāvaṃ karoti, sā <span class="bld">pisuṇā vācā</span>. Yāya pana attānampi parampi pharusaṃ karoti, yā vācā sayampi pharusā, neva kaṇṇasukhā na hadayaṅgamā, ayaṃ <span class="bld">pharusā vācā</span>. Yena samphaṃ palapati niratthakaṃ, so <span class="bld">samphappalāpo</span>. Yā tesaṃ mūlabhūtā cetanāpi pisuṇavācādināmameva labhati, sā eva ca idha adhippetā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Imesaṃ</span> <a name="M0.0284"></a> <span class="bld">bhedāyā</span>ti yesaṃ ito vuttānaṃ santike sutaṃ, tesaṃ bhedāya. <span class="bld">Bhinnānaṃ vā sandhātā</span>ti dvinnaṃ mittānaṃ vā samānupajjhāyakādīnaṃ vā kenacideva kāraṇena bhinnānaṃ ekamekaṃ upasaṅkamitvā ‘‘tumhākaṃ īdise kule jātānaṃ evaṃ bahussutānaṃ idaṃ na yutta’’ntiādīni vatvā sandhānaṃ kattā anukattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anuppadātā</span>ti sandhānānuppadātā. Dve jane samagge disvā ‘‘tumhākaṃ evarūpe kule jātānaṃ evarūpehi guṇehi samannāgatānaṃ anucchavikameta’’ntiādīni vatvā daḷhīkammaṃ kattāti attho. Samaggo ārāmo assāti <span class="bld">samaggārāmo,</span> yattha samaggā natthi, tattha vasitumpi na <a name="V0.0261"></a> icchatīti attho. ‘‘Samaggarāmo’’tipi pāḷi, ayamevettha attho. <span class="bld">Samaggarato</span>ti samaggesu rato, te pahāya aññatra gantumpi na icchatīti attho. Samagge disvāpi sutvāpi nandatīti <span class="bld">samagganandī. Samaggakaraṇiṃ vācaṃ bhāsitā</span>ti yā vācā satte samaggeyeva karoti, taṃ sāmaggiguṇaparidīpikameva vācaṃ bhāsati, na itaranti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Parassa mammacchedakakāyavacīpayogasamuṭṭhāpikā ekantapharusacetanā <span class="bld">pharusā vācā, nelā</span>ti elaṃ vuccati doso, nassā elanti nelā, niddosāti attho ‘‘nelaṅgo setapacchādo’’ti ettha (udā. 65; peṭako. 25) vuttanelaṃ viya. <span class="bld">Kaṇṇasukhā</span>ti byañjanamadhuratāya <a name="P2.0327"></a> kaṇṇānaṃ sukhā, sūcivijjhanaṃ viya kaṇṇasūlaṃ na janeti. atthamadhuratāya sakalasarīre kopaṃ ajanetvā pemaṃ janetīti <span class="bld">pemanīyā</span>. Hadayaṃ gacchati apaṭihaññamānā sukhena cittaṃ pavisatīti <span class="bld">hadayaṅgamā</span>. Guṇaparipuṇṇatāya pure bhavāti <span class="bld">porī,</span> pure saṃvaḍḍhanārī viya sukumārātipi <span class="bld">porī,</span> purassa esātipi <span class="bld">porī,</span> nagaravāsīnaṃ kathāti attho. Nagaravāsino hi yuttakathā honti, pitimattaṃ pitāti bhātimattaṃ bhātāti vadanti. Evarūpī kathā bahuno janassa kantā hotīti <span class="bld">bahujanakantā</span>. Kantabhāveneva bahuno janassa manāpā cittavuḍḍhikarāti <span class="bld">bahujanamanāpā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Anatthaviññāpikā kāyavacīpayogasamuṭṭhāpikā akusalacetanā <span class="bld">samphappalāpo</span>. Kālena vadatīti <span class="bld">kālavādī,</span> vattabbayuttakālaṃ sallakkhetvā vadatīti attho. Bhūtaṃ tathaṃ tacchaṃ sabhāvameva vadatīti <span class="bld">bhūtavādī</span><a name="M0.0285"></a>. Diṭṭhadhammikasamparāyikatthasannissitameva katvā vadatīti <span class="bld">atthavādī</span>. Navalokuttaradhammasannissitaṃ katvā vadatīti <span class="bld">dhammavādī</span>. Saṃvaravinayapahānavinayasannissitaṃ katvā vadatīti <span class="bld">vinayavādī</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nidhānaṃ vuccati ṭhapanokāso, nidhānamassa atthīti <span class="bld">nidhānavatī,</span> hadaye nidhātabbayuttakaṃ vācaṃ bhāsitāti attho. <span class="bld">Kālenā</span>ti evarūpiṃ bhāsamānopi ca ‘‘ahaṃ nidhānavatiṃ vācaṃ bhāsissāmī’’ti na akālena bhāsati, yuttakālaṃ pana apekkhitvāva bhāsatīti attho. <span class="bld">Sāpadesa</span>nti saupamaṃ, sakāraṇanti attho. <span class="bld">Pariyantavati</span>nti paricchedaṃ dassetvā yathāssā paricchedo paññāyati, evaṃ bhāsatīti attho. <span class="bld">Atthasaṃhita</span>nti anekehipi nayehi vibhajantena pariyādātuṃ asakkuṇeyyatāya atthasampannaṃ bhāsati. Yaṃ vā so atthavādī atthaṃ vadati, tena atthena sahitattā atthasaṃhitaṃ vācaṃ bhāsati, na aññaṃ nikkhipitvā aññaṃ bhāsatīti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Catuddosāpagataṃ vācaṃ bhāsatī</span>ti musāvādādīhi catūhi dosehi apagataṃ vācaṃ bhāsati. <span class="bld">Dvattiṃsāya tiracchānakathāyā</span>ti dvattiṃsāya saggamokkhānaṃ tiracchānabhūtāya kathāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dasa</span> <a name="V0.0262"></a> <span class="bld">kathāvatthūnī</span>ti appicchatādīni dasa vivaṭṭanissitāya kathāya vatthubhūtāni kāraṇāni. <span class="bld">Appicchakatha</span>nti ettha appicchoti <a name="P2.0328"></a> icchāvirahito aniccho nittaṇho. Ettha hi byañjanaṃ sāvasesaṃ viya, attho pana niravaseso. Na hi khīṇāsavassa aṇumattāpi icchā nāma atthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apicettha atricchatā pāpicchatā mahicchatā appicchatāti ayaṃ bhedo veditabbo – tattha sakalābhe atittassa paralābhapatthanā <span class="bld">atricchatā</span> nāma, tāya samannāgatassa ekabhājane pakkapūvepi attano patte patite na supakko viya khuddako viya ca khāyati, sveva pana parassa patte pakkhitto supakko viya mahanto viya ca khāyati. Asantaguṇasambhāvanatā pana paṭiggahaṇe ca amattaññutā <span class="bld">pāpicchatā</span> nāma, sā ‘‘idhekacco asaddho samāno saddhoti maṃ jano jānātū’’tiādinā (vibha. 851) nayena atreva āgatāyeva. Tāya ca samannāgato puggalo kohaññe patiṭṭhāti. Santaguṇasambhāvanatā pana paṭiggahaṇe <a name="M0.0286"></a> ca amattaññutā <span class="bld">mahicchatā</span> nāma, sāpi ‘‘idhekacco saddho samāno saddhoti maṃ jano jānātūti icchati, sīlavā samāno sīlavāti maṃ jano jānātū’’ti (vibha. 851) iminā nayena āgatāyeva. Tāya samannāgato puggalo dussantappayo hoti, vijātamātāpissa cittaṃ gahetuṃ na sakkoti. Tenetaṃ vuccati –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Aggikkhandho samuddo ca, mahiccho cāpi puggalo;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sakaṭena paccaye detu, tayopete atappayā’’ti. (ma. ni. aṭṭha. 1.252; a. ni. aṭṭha. 1.1.63; udā. aṭṭha. 31);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Santaguṇanigūhanatā pana paṭiggahaṇe ca mattaññutā <span class="bld">appicchatā</span> nāma, tāya samannāgato puggalo attani vijjamānampi guṇaṃ paṭicchādetukāmatāya saddho samāno ‘‘saddhoti maṃ jano jānātū’’ti na icchati. Sīlavā… pavivitto… bahussuto… āraddhavīriyo… samādhisampanno… paññavā… khīṇāsavo samāno ‘‘khīṇāsavoti maṃ jano jānātū’’ti na icchati seyyathāpi <span class="bld">majjhantikatthero</span>. Evaṃ appiccho ca pana bhikkhu anuppannaṃ lābhaṃ uppādeti, uppannaṃ thāvaraṃ karoti, dāyakānaṃ cittaṃ ārādheti, yathā yathā hi so <a name="P2.0329"></a> attano appicchatāya appaṃ gaṇhāti, tathā tathā tassa vatte pasannā manussā bahū denti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparopi catubbidho appiccho paccayaappiccho dhutaṅgaappiccho pariyattiappiccho adhigamaappicchoti<a name="V0.0263"></a>. Tattha catūsu paccayesu appiccho <span class="bld">paccayaappiccho</span>. So dāyakassa vasaṃ jānāti, deyyadhammassa vasaṃ jānāti, attano thāmaṃ jānāti. Yadi hi deyyadhammo bahu hoti, dāyako appaṃ dātukāmo, dāyakassa vasena appaṃ gaṇhāti. Deyyadhammo appo, dāyako bahuṃ dātukāmo, deyyadhammassa vasena appaṃ gaṇhāti. Deyyadhammopi bahu, dāyakopi bahuṃ dātukāmo, attano thāmaṃ ñatvā pamāṇeneva gaṇhāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dhutaṅgasamādānassa attani atthibhāvaṃ na jānāpetukāmo <span class="bld">dhutaṅgaappiccho</span> nāma. Yo pana bahussutabhāvaṃ na jānāpetukāmo, ayaṃ <span class="bld">pariyattiappiccho</span> nāma. Yo pana sotāpannādīsu aññataro hutvā sotāpannādibhāvaṃ jānāpetuṃ na icchati, <span class="bld">ayaṃ adhigamaappiccho</span> nāma. Khīṇāsavo <a name="M0.0287"></a> pana atricchataṃ pāpicchataṃ mahicchataṃ pahāya sabbaso icchāpaṭipakkhabhūtāya alobhasaṅkhātāya parisuddhāya appicchatāya samannāgatattā appiccho nāma. ‘‘Āvuso, atricchatā pāpicchatā mahicchatāti, ime dhammā pahātabbāti, tesu ādīnavaṃ dassetvā evarūpaṃ appicchataṃ samādāya vattitabba’’nti vadanto appicchakathaṃ katheti nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Santuṭṭhīkatha</span>ntiādīsu visesatthameva dīpayissāma, yojanā pana vuttanayeneva veditabbā. <span class="bld">Santuṭṭhīkatha</span>nti itarītarapaccayasantosaṃ nissitaṃ kathaṃ. So panesa santoso dvādasavidho hoti. Seyyathidaṃ – cīvare yathālābhasantoso, yathābalasantoso, yathāsāruppasantosoti tividho. Evaṃ piṇḍapātādīsupi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tassāyaṃ pabhedavaṇṇanā – idha bhikkhu cīvaraṃ labhati sundaraṃ vā asundaraṃ vā. So teneva yāpeti, aññaṃ na pattheti, labhantopi na gaṇhāti. Ayamassa <a name="P2.0330"></a> cīvare <span class="bld">yathālābhasantoso</span>. Atha pana yo pakatidubbalo vā hoti, ābādhajarābhibhūto vā, garucīvaraṃ pārupanto kilamati. So sabhāgena bhikkhunā saddhiṃ taṃ parivattetvā lahukena yāpentopi santuṭṭhova hoti. Ayamassa cīvare <span class="bld">yathābalasantoso</span>. Aparo paṇītapaccayalābhī hoti. So pattuṇṇacīvarādīnaṃ aññataraṃ mahagghacīvaraṃ, bahūni vā pana cīvarāni labhitvā ‘‘idaṃ therānaṃ cirapabbajitānaṃ, idaṃ bahussutānaṃ anurūpaṃ, idaṃ gilānānaṃ, idaṃ appalābhīnaṃ hotū’’ti datvā tesaṃ purāṇacīvaraṃ vā saṅkārakūṭādito vā nantakāni uccinitvā tehi saṅghāṭiṃ katvā dhārentopi santuṭṭhova hoti. Ayamassa cīvare <span class="bld">yathāsāruppasantoso</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idha pana bhikkhu piṇḍapātaṃ labhati lūkhaṃ vā paṇītaṃ vā, so teneva yāpeti, aññaṃ na <a name="V0.0264"></a> pattheti, labhantopi na gaṇhāti. Ayamassa piṇḍapāte <span class="bld">yathālābhasantoso</span>. Yo pana attano pakativiruddhaṃ vā byādhiviruddhaṃ vā piṇḍapātaṃ labhati, yenassa paribhuttena aphāsu hoti, so taṃ sabhāgassa bhikkhuno datvā tassa hatthato sappāyabhojanaṃ bhuñjitvā samaṇadhammaṃ karontopi santuṭṭhova hoti. Ayamassa piṇḍapāte <span class="bld">yathābalasantoso</span>. Aparo bahuṃ paṇītaṃ piṇḍapātaṃ <a name="M0.0288"></a> labhati, so taṃ cīvaraṃ viya theracirapabbajitabahussutaappalābhīgilānānaṃ datvā tesaṃ vā sesakaṃ piṇḍāya vā caritvā missakāhāraṃ bhuñjantopi santuṭṭhova hoti. Ayamassa piṇḍapāte <span class="bld">yathāsāruppasantoso</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idha pana bhikkhu senāsanaṃ labhati manāpaṃ vā amanāpaṃ vā, so tena neva somanassaṃ na domanassaṃ uppādeti, antamaso tiṇasanthārakenāpi yathāladdheneva tussati. Ayamassa senāsane <span class="bld">yathālābhasantoso</span>. Yo pana attano pakativiruddhaṃ vā byādhiviruddhaṃ vā senāsanaṃ labhati, yatthassa vasato aphāsu hoti, so taṃ sabhāgassa bhikkhuno datvā tassa santake sappāyasenāsane vasantopi santuṭṭhova hoti. Ayamassa senāsane <span class="bld">yathābalasantoso</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparo mahāpuñño leṇamaṇḍapakūṭāgārādīni bahūni paṇītasenāsanāni labhati, so taṃ cīvaraṃ viya theracirapabbajitabahussutaappalābhīgilānānaṃ datvā yattha katthaci vasantopi santuṭṭhova hoti. Ayamassa senāsane <span class="bld">yathāsāruppasantoso</span>. Yopi <a name="P2.0331"></a> ‘‘uttamasenāsanaṃ nāma pamādaṭṭhānaṃ, tattha nisinnassa thinamiddhaṃ okkamati, niddābhibhūtassa puna paṭibujjhato pāpavitakkā pātubhavantī’’ti paṭisañcikkhitvā tādisaṃ senāsanaṃ pattampi na sampaṭicchati, so taṃ paṭikkhipitvā abbhokāsarukkhamūlādīsu vasantopi santuṭṭhova hoti. Ayamassa senāsane <span class="bld">yathāsāruppasantoso</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idha pana bhikkhu bhesajjaṃ labhati lūkhaṃ vā paṇītaṃ vā, so yaṃ labhati, teneva tussati, aññaṃ na pattheti, labhantopi na gaṇhāti. Ayamassa gilānapaccaye <span class="bld">yathālābhasantoso</span>. Yo pana telena atthiko phāṇitaṃ labhati, so taṃ sabhāgassa bhikkhuno datvā tassa hatthato telaṃ gahetvā aññadeva vā pariyesitvā bhesajjaṃ karontopi santuṭṭhova hoti. Ayamassa gilānapaccaye <span class="bld">yathābalasantoso</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparo <a name="M0.0289"></a> mahāpuñño bahuṃ telamadhuphāṇitādipaṇītabhesajjaṃ labhati, so taṃ cīvaraṃ viya theracirapabbajitabahussutaappalābhīgilānānaṃ datvā tesaṃ ābhatena yena kenaci yāpentopi santuṭṭhova <a name="V0.0265"></a> hoti. Yo pana ekasmiṃ bhājane catumadhuraṃ ṭhapetvā ekasmiṃ muttaharītakaṃ ‘‘gaṇha, bhante, yadicchasī’’ti vuccamāno ‘‘sacassa tesu aññatarenapi rogo vūpasammati, atha muttaharītakaṃ nāma buddhādīhi vaṇṇita’’nti catumadhuraṃ paṭikkhipitvā muttaharītakena bhesajjaṃ karonto paramasantuṭṭhova hoti. Ayamassa gilānapaccaye <span class="bld">yathāsāruppasantoso</span>. Imesaṃ pana paccekapaccayesu tiṇṇaṃ tiṇṇaṃ santosānaṃ yathāsāruppasantosova aggo. Arahā ekekasmiṃ paccaye imehi tīhipi santuṭṭhova.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pavivekakatha</span>nti pavivekanissitaṃ kathaṃ. Tayo hi vivekā kāyaviveko cittaviveko upadhivivekoti. Tattha eko gacchati, eko tiṭṭhati, eko nisīdati, eko seyyaṃ kappeti, eko gāmaṃ piṇḍāya pavisati, eko paṭikkamati, eko abhikkamati, eko caṅkamaṃ adhiṭṭhāti, eko carati, eko viharatīti ayaṃ <span class="bld">kāyaviveko</span> nāma. Aṭṭha samāpattiyo pana <span class="bld">cittaviveko</span> nāma. Nibbānaṃ <span class="bld">upadhiviveko</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vuttampi hetaṃ <a name="P2.0332"></a> – ‘‘kāyaviveko ca vivekaṭṭhakāyānaṃ nekkhammābhiratānaṃ. Cittaviveko ca parisuddhacittānaṃ paramavodānappattānaṃ. Upadhiviveko ca nirupadhīnaṃ puggalānaṃ visaṅkhāragatāna’’nti (mahāni. 57).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Asaṃsaggakatha</span>nti ettha pana savanasaṃsaggo dassanasaṃsaggo samullapanasaṃsaggo sambhogasaṃsaggo kāyasaṃsaggoti pañcavidho saṃsaggo. Tesu idha bhikkhu suṇāti ‘‘amukasmiṃ gāme vā nigame vā itthī vā kumārī vā abhirūpā dassanīyā pāsādikā paramāya vaṇṇapokkharatāya samannāgatā’’ti, so taṃ sutvā saṃsīdati visīdati, na sakkoti brahmacariyaṃ sandhāretuṃ, sikkhādubbalyaṃ anāvikatvā hīnāyāvattati. Evaṃ parehi kathiyamānarūpādisampattiṃ attanā vā hasitalapitagītasaddaṃ suṇantassa sotaviññāṇavīthivasena uppanno rāgo <span class="bld">savanasaṃsaggo</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Idha <a name="M0.0290"></a> bhikkhu na heva kho suṇāti, api ca kho sāmaṃ passati itthiṃ vā kumāriṃ vā abhirūpaṃ dassanīyaṃ pāsādikaṃ paramāya vaṇṇapokkharatāya samannāgataṃ, so taṃ disvā saṃsīdati visīdati, na sakkoti brahmacariyaṃ sandhāretuṃ, sikkhādubbalyaṃ anāvikatvā hīnāyāvattati. Evaṃ visabhāgarūpaṃ olokentassa pana cakkhuviññāṇavīthivasena uppannarāgo <span class="bld">dassanasaṃsaggo</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aññamaññaṃ <a name="V0.0266"></a> allāpasallāpavasena uppannarāgo pana <span class="bld">samullapanasaṃsaggo</span> nāma. Bhikkhuno bhikkhuniyā santakaṃ bhikkhuniyā vā bhikkhussa santakaṃ gahetvā paribhogakaraṇavasena uppannarāgo <span class="bld">sambhogasaṃsaggo</span> nāma. Hatthaggāhādivasena uppannarāgo pana <span class="bld">kāyasaṃsaggo</span> nāma. Arahā imehi pañcahi saṃsaggehi catūhipi parisāhi saddhiṃ asaṃsaṭṭho, gāhamuttako ceva saṃsaggamuttako ca. Asaṃsaggassa vaṇṇaṃ bhaṇanto asaṃsaggakathaṃ katheti nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vīriyārambhakatha</span>nti ettha yo paggahitavīriyo paripuṇṇakāyikacetasikavīriyo hoti, gamane uppannaṃ kilesaṃ ṭhānaṃ <a name="P2.0333"></a> pāpuṇituṃ na deti, ṭhāne uppannaṃ kilesaṃ nisajjaṃ, nisajjāya uppannaṃ kilesaṃ sayanaṃ pāpuṇituṃ na deti, daṇḍena kaṇhasappaṃ uppīḷetvā gaṇhanto viya amittaṃ gīvāya akkamanto viya ca vicarati, tādisassa āraddhavīriyassa vaṇṇaṃ bhaṇanto vīriyārambhakathaṃ katheti nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sīlakatha</span>ntiādīsu <span class="bld">sīla</span>nti catupārisuddhisīlaṃ. <span class="bld">Samādhī</span>ti vipassanāpādakā aṭṭha samāpattiyo. <span class="bld">Paññā</span>ti lokiyalokuttarañāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Vimuttī</span>ti arahattaphalavimutti. <span class="bld">Vimuttiñāṇadassana</span>nti ekūnavīsatividhaṃ paccavekkhaṇañāṇaṃ. Sīlādīnaṃ guṇaṃ pakāsento sīlādikathaṃ katheti nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Satipaṭṭhānakatha</span>ntiādīni <span class="bld">saṅgajālamaticca so munī</span>tipariyosānāni pubbe vuttānusārena veditabbāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para86"></a><span class="paranum">86</span>. <span class="bld">Nirāsattī</span>ti nittaṇho. <span class="bld">Vivekadassī phassesū</span>ti paccuppannesu cakkhusamphassādīsu attādibhāvavivekaṃ passati. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhīsu ca na nīyatī</span>ti dvāsaṭṭhiyā diṭṭhīsu kāyaci diṭṭhiyā na nīyati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vipariṇataṃ</span> <a name="M0.0291"></a> <span class="bld">vā vatthuṃ na socatī</span>ti pakatibhāvaṃ jahitvā naṭṭhe kismiñci vatthusmiṃ na sokaṃ āpajjati. <span class="bld">Vipariṇatasmiṃ vā</span>ti vinassamāne vatthumhi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cakkhusamphasso</span>ti cakkhuṃ vatthuṃ katvā cakkhuviññāṇasahajāto phasso cakkhusamphasso. Sesesupi eseva nayo. Ettha ca purimā cakkhupasādādivatthukāva, manosamphasso hadayavatthukopi avatthukopi sabbo catubhūmako phasso. <span class="bld">Adhivacanasamphasso</span>ti pariyāyena etassa nāmaṃ hotiyeva<a name="V0.0267"></a>. Tayo hi arūpino khandhā sayaṃ piṭṭhivaṭṭakā hutvā attano sahajātasamphassassa adhivacanasamphassoti nāmaṃ karonti. <span class="bld">Paṭighasamphasso</span>ti nippariyāyena pana paṭighasamphasso nāma pañcadvārikaphasso. Adhivacanasamphasso nāma manodvārikaphasso. <span class="bld">Sukhavedanīyo phasso</span>ti sukhavedanāya hito uppādako phasso. Itaradvayepi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Kusalo phasso</span>ti ekavīsatikusalacittasahajāto phasso. <span class="bld">Akusalo</span>ti dvādasaakusalasahajāto phasso. <span class="bld">Abyākato</span>ti chappaññāsaabyākatasahajāto phasso. <span class="bld">Kāmāvacaro</span>ti catupaññāsakāmāvacarasahajāto phasso. <span class="bld">Rūpāvacaro</span>ti kusalādipañcadasarūpāvacarasampayutto<a name="P2.0334"></a>. <span class="bld">Arūpāvacaro</span>ti kusalābyākatavasena dvādasaarūpāvacarasampayutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Suññato</span>ti anattānupassanāvasena vipassantassa uppanno maggo suññato, tena sahajāto phasso suññato phasso. Itaradvayepi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Animitto</span>ti ettha aniccānupassanāvasena vipassantassa uppanno maggo animitto. <span class="bld">Appaṇihito</span>ti dukkhānupassanāvasena vipassantassa uppanno maggo appaṇihito. <span class="bld">Lokiyo</span>ti loko vuccati lujjanapalujjanaṭṭhena vaṭṭo, tasmiṃ pariyāpannabhāvena loke niyuttoti lokiyo, tebhūmako dhammo. <span class="bld">Lokuttaro</span>ti lokato uttaro uttiṇṇoti lokuttaro, loke apariyāpannabhāvenapi lokuttaro. <span class="bld">Attena vā</span>ti attabhāvena vā. <span class="bld">Attaniyena vā</span>ti attāyattena vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para87"></a><span class="paranum">87</span>. <span class="bld">Patilīno</span>ti rāgādīnaṃ pahīnattā tato apagato. <span class="bld">Akuhako</span>ti avimhāpako tīhi kuhanavatthūhi. <span class="bld">Apihālū</span>ti apihanasīlo, patthanātaṇhāya <a name="M0.0292"></a> rahitoti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Amaccharī</span>ti pañcamaccheravirahito. <span class="bld">Appagabbho</span>ti kāyapāgabbhiyādivirahito. <span class="bld">Ajeguccho</span>ti sampannasīlāditāya ajegucchanīyo asecanako manāpo. <span class="bld">Pesuṇeyye ca no yuto</span>ti dvīhi ākārehi upasaṃharitabbe pisuṇakamme ayutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rāgassa pahīnattā</span>ti arahattamaggena rāgakilesassa pahīnabhāvena. <span class="bld">Asmimāno pahīno hotī</span>ti asmīti unnatimāno samucchedavasena pahīno hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tīṇi kuhanavatthūnī</span>ti tīṇi vimhāpanakāraṇāni. <span class="bld">Paccayapaṭisevanasaṅkhātaṃ kuhanavatthū</span>tiādīsu cīvarādīhi nimantitassa tadatthikasseva sato pāpicchataṃ nissāya paṭikkhipanena te ca gahapatike attani suppatiṭṭhitapasāde ñatvā puna tesaṃ ‘‘aho ayyo appiccho, na kiñci <a name="V0.0268"></a> paṭiggaṇhituṃ icchati, suladdhaṃ vata no assa, sace appamattakampi kiñci paṭiggaṇheyyā’’ti nānāvidhehi upāyehi paṇītāni cīvarādīni upanentānaṃ tadanuggahakāmataṃyeva avikatvā paṭiggahaṇena ca tato pabhuti api sakaṭabhārehi upanāmanahetubhūtaṃ vimhāpanaṃ <span class="bld">paccayapaṭisevanasaṅkhātaṃ kuhanavatthū</span>ti veditabbaṃ. Pāpicchasseva pana sato sambhāvanādhippāyena katena iriyāpathena <a name="P2.0335"></a> vimhāpanaṃ <span class="bld">iriyāpathasaṅkhātaṃ kuhanavatthū</span>ti veditabbaṃ. Pāpicchasseva pana sato uttarimanussadhammādhigamaparidīpanavācāya tathā tathā vimhāpanaṃ <span class="bld">sāmantajappanasaṅkhātaṃ kuhanavatthū</span>ti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Katamaṃ paccayapaṭisevanasaṅkhāta</span>nti ettha paccayapaṭisevananti evaṃ saṅkhātaṃ paccayapaṭisevanasaṅkhātaṃ. <span class="bld">Nimantentī</span>ti idha gahapatikā ‘‘bhikkhaṃ gaṇhathā’’ti bhikkhū nimantenti. Ayameva vā pāṭho. ‘‘Nimantetī’’ti vā ‘‘vadantī’’ti vā keci paṭhanti. Tādise nimantāpenti. Nimantentīti pāṭhassa sambhavo daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Cīvaraṃ paccakkhātī</span>ti cīvaraṃ paṭikkhipati. <span class="bld">Etaṃ sāruppaṃ, yaṃ samaṇo</span>ti yaṃ cīvaradhāraṇaṃ samaṇo karoti, etaṃ sāruppaṃ anucchavikaṃ. <span class="bld">Pāpaṇikā vā nantakānī</span>ti āpaṇadvāre patikāni antavirahitāni pilotikāni. <span class="bld">Uccinitvā</span>ti saṃkaḍḍhitvā. <span class="bld">Uñchācariyāyā</span>ti bhikkhācaraṇena. <span class="bld">Piṇḍiyālopenā</span>ti piṇḍaṃ katvā laddhaālopena. <span class="bld">Pūtimuttena vā</span>ti gomuttena <a name="M0.0293"></a> vā. <span class="bld">Osadhaṃ kareyyā</span>ti bhesajjakiccaṃ kareyya. <span class="bld">Tadupādāyā</span>ti tato paṭṭhāya. <span class="bld">Dhutavādo</span>ti dhutaguṇavādī. <span class="bld">Bhiyyo bhiyyo nimantentī</span>ti uparūpari nimantenti. <span class="bld">Sammukhībhāvā</span>ti sammukhībhāvena, vijjamānatāyāti attho. <span class="bld">Pasavatī</span>ti paṭilabhati. Saddhāya sammukhībhāvena sakkā kātunti <span class="bld">‘‘saddhāya sammukhībhāvā’’</span>tiādimāha. Deyyadhammā sulabhā dakkhiṇeyyā ca, saddhā pana dullabhā. Puthujjanassa hi saddhā athāvarā, padavāre padavāre nānā hoti. Tenevassa mahāmoggallānasadisopi aggasāvako pāṭibhogo bhavituṃ asakkonto āha ‘‘dvinnaṃ kho nesaṃ āvuso dhammānaṃ pāṭibhogo bhogānañca jīvitassa ca, saddhāya pana tvaṃ pāṭibhogo’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evaṃ tumhe puññena paribāhirā bhavissathā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">puññenā</span>ti <a name="P2.0336"></a> nissakkatthe karaṇavacanaṃ. Puññato parihīnā parammukhā bhavissatha. <span class="bld">Bhākuṭikā</span>ti mukhānaṃ padhānapurimaṭṭhitabhāvadassanena bhākuṭikaraṇaṃ, mukhasaṅkocoti vuttaṃ hoti. Bhākuṭikaraṇaṃ sīlamassāti <span class="bld">bhākuṭiko,</span> bhākuṭikassa bhāvo <span class="bld">bhākuṭiyaṃ. Kuhanā</span>ti vimhāpanā. Kuhassa āyanā <span class="bld">kuhāyanā</span>. Kuhitassa bhāvo <span class="bld">kuhitattaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pāpiccho</span>ti <a name="V0.0269"></a> asantaguṇadīpanakāmo. <span class="bld">Icchāpakato</span>ti icchāya apakato, upaddutoti attho. <span class="bld">Sambhāvanādhippāyo</span>ti bahumānajjhāsayo. <span class="bld">Gamanaṃ saṇṭhapetī</span>ti abhikkamādigamanaṃ abhisaṅkharoti, pāsādikabhāvaṃ karotīti vuttaṃ hoti. Itaresupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Paṇidhāya gacchatī</span>ti patthanaṃ ṭhapetvā gacchati. Sesesupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Samāhito viya gacchatī</span>ti upacārappatto viya gacchati. Sesesupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āpāthakajjhāyīva hotī</span>ti sammukhā āgatānaṃ manussānaṃ jhānaṃ samāpajjanto viya santabhāvaṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Iriyāpathassā</span>ti catuiriyāpathassa. <span class="bld">Āṭhapanā</span>ti ādiṭṭhapanā, ādarena vā ṭhapanā. <span class="bld">Ṭhapanā</span>ti ṭhapanākāro. <span class="bld">Saṇṭhapanā</span>ti abhisaṅkharaṇaṃ, pāsādikabhāvakaraṇanti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Ariyadhammasannissita</span>nti lokuttaradhammapaṭibaddhaṃ. <span class="bld">Kuñcika</span>nti avāpuraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Mittā</span>ti sinehavanto. <span class="bld">Sandiṭṭhā</span>ti diṭṭhamattā. <span class="bld">Sambhattā</span>ti daḷhamittā. <span class="bld">Uddaṇḍe</span>ti eko patissayaviseso.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Korajikakorajiko</span>ti <a name="M0.0294"></a> saṅkocasaṅkocako, atisaṅkocakoti vuttaṃ hoti. ‘‘Koracakakoracako’’ti vā pāṭho. <span class="bld">Bhākuṭikabhākuṭiko</span>ti ativiya mukhasaṅkocanasīlo. <span class="bld">Kuhakakuhako</span>ti ativiya vimhāpako. <span class="bld">Lapakalapako</span>ti ativiya sallāpako. <span class="bld">Mukhasambhāviko</span>ti attano mukhavasena aññehi saha sambhāviko, appitacittoti eke. <span class="bld">Santāna</span>nti kilesasantatāya santānaṃ. <span class="bld">Samāpattīna</span>nti samāpajjitabbānaṃ. <span class="bld">Gambhīra</span>nti ninnapatiṭṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Gūḷha</span>nti <a name="P2.0337"></a> dassetuṃ dukkhaṃ. <span class="bld">Nipuṇa</span>nti sukhumaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭicchanna</span>nti padatthena duppaṭivijjhādhippāyaṃ. <span class="bld">Lokuttara</span>nti dhammadīpakaṃ. <span class="bld">Suññatāpaṭisaññutta</span>nti nibbānapaṭisaññuttaṃ. Atha vā <span class="bld">lokuttarasuññatāpaṭisaññutta</span>nti lokuttaradhammabhūtanibbānapaṭisaññuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāyikaṃ pāgabbhiya</span>nti kāye bhavaṃ kāyikaṃ. Vācasikacetasikesupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Acittīkārakato</span>ti bahumānakiriyarahito. <span class="bld">Anupāhanānaṃ caṅkamantāna</span>nti upāhanavirahitānaṃ caṅkamantānaṃ samīpe, anādare vā sāmivacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Saupāhano</span>ti upāhanārūḷho hutvā caṅkamati. <span class="bld">Nīce caṅkame caṅkamantāna</span>nti akataparicchedāya bhūmiyā caṅkamante paricchedaṃ katvā vālukaṃ ākiritvā ālambanaṃ yojetvā katacaṅkame nīcepi caṅkame caṅkamante. <span class="bld">Ucce caṅkame caṅkamatī</span>ti iṭṭhakacayanasampanne vedikāparikkhitte ucce caṅkame caṅkamati. Sace pākāraparikkhitto hoti dvārakoṭṭhakayutto, pabbatantaravanantarabhūmantarassa vā suppaṭicchanno, tādise caṅkame caṅkamituṃ vaṭṭati, appaṭicchannepi upacāraṃ muñcitvā vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Ghaṭṭayantopi tiṭṭhatī</span>ti atisamīpe tiṭṭhati. <span class="bld">Puratopi</span> <a name="V0.0270"></a> <span class="bld">tiṭṭhatī</span>ti puratthimatopi tiṭṭhati. <span class="bld">Ṭhitakopi bhaṇatī</span>ti khāṇuko viya anonamitvā bhaṇati. <span class="bld">Bāhāvikkhepako</span>ti bāhuṃ khipitvā khipitvā bhaṇati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anupakhajjā</span>ti sabbesaṃ nisinnaṭṭhānaṃ pavisitvā. <span class="bld">Navepi bhikkhū āsanena paṭibāhatī</span>ti attano pattāsane anisīditvā pure vā pacchā vā pavisanto āsanena paṭibāhati nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anāpucchampi kaṭṭhaṃ pakkhipatī</span>ti anāpucchitvā anapaloketvā aggimhi dāruṃ khipati. <span class="bld">Dvāraṃ pidahatī</span>ti jantāghare pidahati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Otaratī</span>ti <a name="M0.0295"></a> udakatitthaṃ pavisati. <span class="bld">Nhāyatī</span>ti sarīraṃ sineheti. <span class="bld">Uttaratī</span>ti udakatitthato tīraṃ uggacchati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vokkammāpī</span>ti atikkamitvāpi. <span class="bld">Ovarakānī</span>ti gabbhe patiṭṭhitasayanagharāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gūḷhānī</span>ti <a name="P2.0338"></a> paṭicchannāni. <span class="bld">Paṭicchannānī</span>ti aññehi paṭicchāditāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anajjhiṭṭho vā</span>ti therehi ‘‘dhammaṃ bhaṇāhī’’ti anāṇatto anāyācito ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pāpadhammo</span>ti lāmakadhammo. <span class="bld">Asucisaṅkasarasamācāro</span>ti aññehi ‘‘ayaṃ dussīlo’’ti saṅkāya saritabbo ācāro saṃyogo etassāti asucisaṅkasarasamācāro. Saṅkassarasamācāroti sakāraṃ saṃyogaṃ katvāpi paṭhanti. <span class="bld">Paṭicchannakammanto</span>ti paṭicchāditakāyavacīkammanto. <span class="bld">Assamaṇo</span>ti na samaṇo. <span class="bld">Samaṇapaṭiñño</span>ti ‘‘ahaṃ samaṇo’’ti paṭijānanto. <span class="bld">Abrahmacārī</span>ti seṭṭhacariyā virahito. <span class="bld">Brahmacāripaṭiñño</span>ti vuttapaṭipakkho. <span class="bld">Antopūtī</span>ti abbhantare kusaladhammavirahitattā antopūtibhāvamāpanno. <span class="bld">Avassuto</span>ti rāgena tinto. <span class="bld">Kasambujāto</span>ti saṅkārasabhāvo. <span class="bld">Ācāragocarasampanno</span>ti ettha bhikkhu sagāravo sappatisso hirottappasampanno sunivattho supāruto pāsādikena abhikkantena paṭikkantena ālokitena vilokitena samiñjitena pasāritena okkhittacakkhu iriyāpathasampanno indriyesu guttadvāro bhojane mattaññū jāgariyamanuyutto satisampajaññena samannāgato appiccho santuṭṭho āraddhavīriyo ābhisamācārikesu sakkaccakārī garucittīkārabahulo viharati, ayaṃ vuccati ācāro. Evaṃ tāva ācāro veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Gocaro <a name="V0.0271"></a> pana tividho upanissayagocaro ārakkhagocaro upanibandhagocaroti. Tattha katamo <span class="bld">upanissayagocaro</span>? Dasakathāvatthuguṇasamannāgato kalyāṇamitto, yaṃ nissāya assutaṃ suṇāti, sutaṃ pariyodāpeti, kaṅkhaṃ vitarati, diṭṭhiṃ ujuṃ karoti, cittaṃ pasādeti; yassa vā pana anusikkhamāno saddhāya vaḍḍhati, sīlena, sutena, cāgena, paññāya vaḍḍhati. Ayaṃ vuccati upanissayagocaro.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Katamo <a name="M0.0296"></a> <span class="bld">ārakkhagocaro</span>? Idha bhikkhu antaragharaṃ paviṭṭho vīthiṃ paṭipanno okkhittacakkhu yugamattadassāvī susaṃvuto gacchati, na hatthiṃ olokento, na assaṃ, na rathaṃ, na pattiṃ, na itthiṃ, na purisaṃ olokento, na uddhaṃ ullokento, na <a name="P2.0339"></a> adho olokento, na disāvidisaṃ pekkhamāno gacchati. Ayaṃ vuccati ārakkhagocaro.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Katamo <span class="bld">upanibandhagocaro</span>? Cattāro satipaṭṭhānā yattha cittaṃ upanibandhati. Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā – ‘‘ko ca, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno gocaro sako pettiko visayo? Yadidaṃ cattāro satipaṭṭhānā’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.372), ayaṃ vuccati upanibandhagocaroti. Iti iminā ca ācārena iminā ca gocarena upeto…pe… samannāgato. Tenapi vuccati ācāragocarasampannoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvī</span>ti aṇuppamāṇesu asañcicca āpannasekhiyaakusalacittuppādādibhedesu vajjesu bhayadassanasīlo. <span class="bld">Samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesū</span>ti yaṃkiñci sikkhāpadesu sikkhitabbaṃ, taṃ sabbaṃ sammā ādāya sikkhati. Ettha ca ‘‘pātimokkhasaṃvarasaṃvuto’’ti ettāvatā ca puggalādhiṭṭhānāya desanāya pātimokkhasaṃvarasīlaṃ dassitaṃ. ‘‘Ācāragocarasampanno’’tiādi pana sabbaṃ yathāpaṭipannassa taṃ sīlaṃ sampajjati, taṃ paṭipattiṃ dassetuṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para88"></a><span class="paranum">88</span>. <span class="bld">Sātiyesu anassāvī</span>ti sātavatthūsu kāmaguṇesu taṇhāsanthavavirahito. <span class="bld">Saṇho</span>ti saṇhehi kāyakammādīhi samannāgato. <span class="bld">Paṭibhānavā</span>ti pariyattiparipucchādhigamapaṭibhānehi samannāgato. <span class="bld">Na saddho</span>ti sāmaṃ adhigatadhammaṃ na kassaci saddahati. <span class="bld">Na virajjatī</span>ti khayā rāgassa virattattā idāni na virajjati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yesaṃ esā</span>ti yesaṃ puggalānaṃ sātavatthūsu kāmaguṇesu icchā taṇhā. <span class="bld">Appahīnā</span>ti santhavasampayuttā <a name="V0.0272"></a> taṇhā arahattamaggena appahīnā. <span class="bld">Tesaṃ cakkhuto rūpataṇhā savatī</span>ti etesaṃ cakkhudvārato pavattajavanavīthisampayuttā rūpārammaṇā taṇhā uppajjati. <span class="bld">Āsavatī</span>ti okāsato yāva bhavaggā dhammato yāva gotrabhū savati. <span class="bld">Sandatī</span>ti nadīsotaṃ viya adhomukhaṃ sandati. <span class="bld">Pavattatī</span>ti punappunaṃ uppattivasena <a name="M0.0297"></a> pavattati. Sesadvāresupi eseva nayo. Sukkapakkhe vuttavipariyāyena taṇhā arahattamaggena suppahīnā. Tesaṃ cakkhuto rūpataṇhā na savati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saṇhena</span> <a name="P2.0340"></a> <span class="bld">kāyakammena samannāgato</span>ti apharusena mudunā kāyakammena samaṅgībhūto ekībhūto. <span class="bld">Vacīkammā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Saṇhehi satipaṭṭhānehī</span>tiādīsu satipaṭṭhānādayo lokiyalokuttaramissakā. Pariyāpuṇanaatthādiparipucchālokiyalokuttaradhammādhigamavasena sallakkhaṇavibhāvanavavatthānakaraṇasamatthā tisso paṭibhānappabhedasaṅkhātā paññā yassa atthi, so <span class="bld">paṭibhānavā. Tassa pariyattiṃ nissāya paṭibhāyatī</span>ti tassa puggalassa pariyāpuṇanaṃ allīyitvā ñāṇaṃ jāyati ñāṇaṃ abhimukhaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Cattāro satipaṭṭhānā</span>ti sattatiṃsa bodhipakkhiyadhammā lokiyalokuttaramissakavasena vuttā. Maggaphalāni nibbattitalokuttaravasena. Catasso paṭisambhidāyo cha ca abhiññāyo vimokkhantikavasena vuttāti ñātabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">catasso paṭisambhidāyo</span>ti cattāro ñāṇappabhedāti attho. Iddhividhādiāsavakkhayapariyosānāni adhikāni cha ñāṇāni. <span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti parassa, attho paṭibhāyatīti sambandho. <span class="bld">Attho</span>ti saṅkhepato hetuphalaṃ. Tañhi yasmā hetuanusārena arīyati adhigamīyati pāpuṇīyati, tasmā atthoti vuccati. Pabhedato pana yaṃkiñci paccayuppannaṃ nibbānaṃ bhāsitattho vipāko kiriyāti ime pañca dhammā atthoti veditabbā, taṃ atthaṃ paccavekkhantassa so attho pabhedato ñāto pākaṭo hoti. <span class="bld">Dhammo</span>ti saṅkhepato paccayo. So hi yasmā taṃ taṃ vidahati pavatteti ceva pāpeti ca, tasmā dhammoti vuccati. Pabhedato pana yo koci phalanibbattako hetu ariyamaggo bhāsitaṃ kusalaṃ akusalanti ime pañca dhammā dhammoti veditabbā, taṃ dhammaṃ paccavekkhantassa so dhammo pabhedato ñāto pākaṭo hoti, tasmiṃ atthe ca dhamme ca yā sabhāvanirutti abyabhicārī vohāro, tassa abhilāpe bhāsane udīraṇe taṃ lapitaṃ bhāsitaṃ udīritaṃ sabhāvaniruttisaddaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā paccavekkhantassa sā nirutti ñātā pākaṭā hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha <a name="M0.0298"></a> <span class="bld">atthe ñāte attho paṭibhāyatī</span>ti idāni tassa saddaṃ āharitvā vuttappabhede atthe pākaṭībhūte vuttappabhedo <a name="P2.0341"></a> attho tassa puggalassa paṭibhāyati ñāṇābhimukho hoti. <span class="bld">Dhamme ñāte</span> <a name="V0.0273"></a> <span class="bld">dhammo paṭibhāyatī</span>ti vuttappabhede dhamme pākaṭībhūte vuttappabhedo dhammo paṭibhāyati. <span class="bld">Niruttiyā ñātāya nirutti paṭibhāyatī</span>ti vuttappabhedāya niruttiyā pākaṭāya vuttappabhedā nirutti paṭibhāyati. <span class="bld">Imesu tīsu ñāṇesu ñāṇa</span>nti atthadhammaniruttīsu imesu tīsu sabbatthakañāṇamārammaṇaṃ katvā paccavekkhantassa tesu tīsu ñāṇesu pabhedagataṃ ñāṇaṃ, yathāvuttesu vā tesu tīsu ñāṇesu gocarakiccādivasena vitthāragataṃ ñāṇaṃ paṭibhānapaṭisambhidā. <span class="bld">Imāya paṭibhānapaṭisambhidāyā</span>ti imāya vuttappakārāya yathāvuttavitthārapaññāya upeto hoti. <span class="bld">So vuccati paṭibhānavā</span>ti nigamento āha. <span class="bld">Yassa pariyatti natthī</span>ti pariyatti nāma buddhavacanaṃ. Tañhi uggaṇhantassa paṭisambhidā visadā honti. Yassa puggalassa evarūpā pariyatti natthi. <span class="bld">Paripucchā natthī</span>ti paripucchā nāma pāḷiaṭṭhakathādīsu gaṇṭhipadaatthapadavinicchayakathā. Uggahitapāḷiādīsu hi atthaṃ kathentassa paṭisambhidā visadā honti. <span class="bld">Adhigamo natthī</span>ti adhigamo nāma arahattappatti. Arahattañhi pattassa paṭisambhidā visadā honti. Yassa vuttappakārā tividhā sampatti natthi. <span class="bld">Kiṃ tassa paṭibhāyissatī</span>ti kena kāraṇena tassa puggalassa pabhedagataṃ ñāṇaṃ upaṭṭhahissati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sāma</span>nti sayameva. <span class="bld">Sayaṃ abhiññāta</span>nti sayameva tena ñāṇena avagamitaṃ. <span class="bld">Attapaccakkhaṃ dhamma</span>nti attanā paṭivijjhitaṃ paccavekkhitaṃ dhammaṃ. <span class="bld">Na kassaci saddahatī</span>ti attapaccakkhatāya paresaṃ na saddahati, saddhāya na gacchati. <span class="bld">Avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā</span>tiādikaṃ dvādasapadikapaccayākāradassanavasena vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Avijjānirodhā</span>tiādayo saṃsāranivattiṃ sandhāya vuttā. <span class="bld">Idaṃ dukkha</span>ntiādi saccadassanavasena. <span class="bld">Ime āsavā</span>tiādayo aparena pariyāyena kilesavasena paccayadassanavasena. <span class="bld">Ime dhammā abhiññeyyā</span>tiādayo abhiññeyyapariññeyyapahātabbabhāvetabbasacchikātabbadhammānaṃ dassanavasena. <span class="bld">Channaṃ phassāyatanāna</span>ntiādayo phassāyatanānaṃ uppattiñca atthaṅgamañca assādañca <a name="P2.0342"></a> upaddavañca nissaraṇañca dassanavasena. <span class="bld">Pañcannaṃ upādānakkhandhānaṃ</span> pañcavīsatividhena udayañca vayañca, tesu chandarāgavasena <a name="M0.0299"></a> assādañca, tesaṃ vipariṇāmaṃ ādīnavañca, nissaraṇasaṅkhātaṃ nibbānañca. <span class="bld">Catunnaṃ mahābhūtānaṃ</span> avijjādisamudayañca, avijjādinirodhe atthaṅgamañca evamādidassanavasena vuttā. Ete dhammā tattha tattha vuttanayena veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Amatogadha</span>nti natthi etassa maraṇasaṅkhātaṃ matanti amataṃ. Kilesavisapaṭipakkhattā agadantipi amataṃ. Tasmiṃ ninnatāya <span class="bld">amatogadhaṃ. Amataparāyana</span>nti vuttappakāraṃ amataṃ paraṃ ayanaṃ <a name="V0.0274"></a> gati patiṭṭhā assāti amataparāyanaṃ. <span class="bld">Amatapariyosāna</span>nti taṃ amataṃ saṃsārassa niṭṭhābhūtattā pariyosānamassāti amatapariyosānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para89"></a><span class="paranum">89</span>. <span class="bld">Lābhakamyā na sikkhatī</span>ti lābhapatthanāya suttantādīni na sikkhati. <span class="bld">Aviruddho ca taṇhāya, rasesu nānugijjhatī</span>ti virodhābhāvena ca aviruddho hutvā taṇhāya mūlarasādīsu gedhaṃ nāpajjati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kena nu kho</span>ti lābhapatthanāya kāraṇacintena pihassa pariyesane nipāto. <span class="bld">Lābhābhinibbattiyā</span>ti catunnaṃ paccayānaṃ visesena uppattiyā. <span class="bld">Lābhaṃ paripācento</span>ti paccaye paripācayanto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Attadamatthāyā</span>ti vipassanāsampayuttāya paññāya attano damanatthāya. <span class="bld">Attasamatthāyā</span>ti samādhisampayuttāya paññāya attano samādhānatthāya. <span class="bld">Attaparinibbāpanatthāyā</span>ti duvidhenāpi ñāṇena attano anupādāparinibbānatthāya. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘anupādāparinibbānatthaṃ kho āvuso bhagavati brahmacariyaṃ vussatī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.259). <span class="bld">Appicchaññeva nissāyā</span>ti ettha paccayaappiccho adhigamaappiccho pariyattiappiccho dhutaṅgaappicchoti cattāro appicchā, tesaṃ nānatthaṃ heṭṭhā vitthāritaṃ eva, taṃ appicchaṃ allīyitvā. <span class="bld">Santuṭṭhiññevā</span>ti catūsu paccayesu ca tividhaṃ santosaṃ allīyitvā, etesaṃ vibhāgo heṭṭhā vitthāritoyeva. <span class="bld">Sallekhaññevā</span>ti kilesalekhanaṃ. <span class="bld">Idamatthitaññevā</span>ti imehi kusaladhammehi <a name="P2.0343"></a> atthi idamatthi, tassa bhāvo idamatthitā, taṃ idamatthitaṃyeva nissāya allīyitvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Raso</span>ti niddesassa uddesapadaṃ. <span class="bld">Mūlaraso</span>ti yaṃkiñci mūlaṃ paṭicca nibbattaraso. <span class="bld">Khandharasā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Ambila</span>nti takkambilādi. <span class="bld">Madhura</span>nti <a name="M0.0300"></a> ekantato gosappiādi. Madhu pana kasāvayuttaṃ ciranikkhittaṃ kasāvaṃ hoti, phāṇitaṃ khāriyuttaṃ ciranikkhittaṃ khāriyaṃ hoti. Sappi pana ciranikkhittaṃ vaṇṇagandhe jahantampi rasaṃ na jahatīti tadeva ekantamadhuraṃ. <span class="bld">Tittaka</span>nti nimbapaṇṇādi. <span class="bld">Kaṭuka</span>nti siṅgiveramaricādi. <span class="bld">Loṇika</span>nti sāmuddikaloṇādi. <span class="bld">Khārika</span>nti vātiṅgaṇakaḷīrādi. <span class="bld">Lambika</span>nti badarāmalakakapiṭṭhasālavādi. <span class="bld">Kasāva</span>nti harītakādi. Ime sabbepi rasā vatthuvasena vuttā. Taṃtaṃvatthuko panettha raso ca ambilādīni nāmehi vuttoti veditabbo. <span class="bld">Sādū</span>ti iṭṭharaso. <span class="bld">Asādū</span>ti aniṭṭharaso. Iminā padadvayena sabbopi raso pariyādinno. <span class="bld">Sīta</span>nti sītaraso. <span class="bld">Uṇha</span>nti <a name="V0.0275"></a> uṇharaso. Evamayaṃ mūlarasādinā bhedena bhinnopi raso lakkhaṇādīhi abhinnoyeva. Sabbopi hesa jivhāpaṭihananalakkhaṇo, jivhāviññāṇassa visayabhāvaraso, tasseva gocarapaccupaṭṭhāno. <span class="bld">Te jivhaggena rasaggānī</span>ti ete samaṇabrāhmaṇā pasādajivhaggena uttamarasāni. <span class="bld">Pariyesantā</span>ti gavesamānā. <span class="bld">Āhiṇḍantī</span>ti tattha tattha vicaranti. <span class="bld">Te ambilaṃ labhitvā anambilaṃ pariyesantī</span>ti takkādiambilaṃ laddhā anambilaṃ gavesanti. Evaṃ sabbaṃ parivattetvā parivattetvā yojitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭisaṅkhā yoniso āhāraṃ āhāretī</span>ti paṭisaṅkhānapaññāya jānitvā upāyena āhāraṃ āhāreti. Idāni upāyaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘neva davāyā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">neva davāyā</span>ti davatthāya na āhāreti. Tattha naṭalaṅghakādayo davatthāya āhārenti nāma. Yañhi bhojanaṃ bhuttassa naccagītakabbasilokasaṅkhāto davo atirekatarena paṭibhāti, taṃ bhojanaṃ adhammena visamena pariyesitvā te āhārenti. Ayaṃ pana bhikkhu na evamāhāreti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na</span> <a name="P2.0344"></a> <span class="bld">madāyā</span>ti mānamadapurisamadānaṃ vaḍḍhanatthāya na āhāreti. Tattha rājarājamahāmattā madatthāya āhārenti nāma. Te hi attano mānamadapurisamadānaṃ vaḍḍhanatthāya piṇḍarasabhojanādīni paṇītabhojanāni bhuñjanti. Ayaṃ pana bhikkhu evaṃ nāhāreti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na</span> <a name="M0.0301"></a> <span class="bld">maṇḍanāyā</span>ti sarīramaṇḍanatthāya na āhāreti. Tattha rūpūpajīviniyo mātugāmā antepurikādayo ca sappiphāṇitādīni pivanti, siniddhamudumaddavabhojanaṃ āhārenti. Evaṃ no aṅgalaṭṭhi susaṇṭhitā bhavissati, sarīre chavivaṇṇo pasanno bhavissatīti. Ayaṃ pana bhikkhu evaṃ na āhāreti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na vibhūsanāyā</span>ti sarīre maṃsavibhūsanatthāya na āhāreti. Tattha nibbuddhamallamuṭṭhikamallaceṭakādayo susiniddhehi macchamaṃsādīhi sarīraṃ pīṇenti ‘‘evaṃ no maṃsaṃ ussadaṃ bhavissati pahārasahanatthāyā’’ti. Ayaṃ pana bhikkhu evaṃ sarīre maṃsavibhūsanatthāya na āhāreti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yāvadevā</span>ti āhārāharaṇapayojanassa paricchedaniyamadassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Imassa kāyassa ṭhitiyā</span>ti imassa <a name="V0.0276"></a> catumahābhūtikassa karajakāyassa ṭhapanatthāya āhāreti, idamassa āhārāharaṇe payojananti attho. <span class="bld">Yāpanāyā</span>ti jīvitindriyayāpanatthāya āhāreti. <span class="bld">Vihiṃsūparatiyā</span>ti vihiṃsā nāma abhuttapaccayā uppajjanakakhuddā, tassā uparatiyā vūpasamanatthāya āhāreti. <span class="bld">Brahmacariyānuggahāyā</span>ti brahmacariyaṃ nāma tisso sikkhā sakalasāsanaṃ, tassa anuggaṇhatthāya āhāreti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Itī</span>ti upāyanidassanaṃ, iminā upāyenāti attho. <span class="bld">Purāṇañca vedanaṃ paṭihaṅkhāmī</span>ti purāṇavedanaṃ nāma abhuttapaccayā uppajjanakavedanā, taṃ paṭihanissāmīti āhāreti. <span class="bld">Navañca vedanaṃ na uppādessāmī</span>ti navavedanā nāma atibhuttapaccayena uppajjanakavedanā, na taṃ uppādessāmīti āhāreti. Atha vā navavedanā nāma bhuttapaccayā na uppajjanakavedanā, tassā anuppannāya anuppajjanatthameva āhāreti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yātrā ca me bhavissatī</span>ti yāpanā ca me bhavissati. <span class="bld">Anavajjatā cā</span>ti ettha atthi sāvajjaṃ, atthi anavajjaṃ. Tattha adhammikapariyesanā adhammikapaṭiggahaṇaṃ adhammena paribhogoti idaṃ sāvajjaṃ nāma. Dhammena pana pariyesitvā <a name="P2.0345"></a> dhammena paṭiggahetvā paccavekkhitvā paribhuñjanaṃ anavajjaṃ nāma. Ekacco anavajjeyeva sāvajjaṃ karoti, ‘‘laddhaṃ me’’ti katvā pamāṇātikkantaṃ <a name="M0.0302"></a> bhuñjati, taṃ jīrāpetuṃ asakkonto uddhaṃvirecanaadhovirecanādīhi kilamati, sakalavihāre bhikkhū tassa sarīrapaṭijagganabhesajjapariyesanādīsu ussukkaṃ āpajjanti, ‘‘kiṃ ida’’nti vutte ‘‘asukassa nāma udaraṃ uddhumāta’’ntiādiṃ vadanti. ‘‘Esa niccakālampi evaṃ pakatikoyeva, attano kucchippamāṇaṃ nāma na jānātī’’ti nindanti garahanti. Ayaṃ anavajjeyeva sāvajjaṃ karoti nāma. Evaṃ akatvā ‘‘anavajjatā ca me bhavissatī’’ti āhāreti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Phāsuvihāro cā</span>ti etthāpi atthi phāsuvihāro, atthi na phāsuvihāro. Tattha āharahatthako alaṃsāṭako tatravaṭṭako kākamāsako bhuttavamitakoti imesaṃ pañcannaṃ brāhmaṇānaṃ bhojanaṃ na phāsuvihāro nāma. Etesu hi <span class="bld">āharahatthako</span> nāma bahuṃ bhuñjitvā attano dhammatāya uṭṭhātuṃ asakkonto ‘‘āhara hattha’’nti vadati. <span class="bld">Alaṃsāṭako</span> nāma accuddhumātakucchitāya uṭṭhitopi sāṭakaṃ nivāsetuṃ na sakkoti. <span class="bld">Tatravaṭṭako</span> nāma uṭṭhātuṃ asakkonto tatreva parivaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Kākamāsako</span> nāma yathā kākehi āmasituṃ sakkoti, evaṃ yāva mukhadvārā āhāreti. <span class="bld">Bhuttavamitako</span> nāma mukhena sandhāretuṃ asakkonto tattheva vamati. Evaṃ <a name="V0.0277"></a> akatvā ‘‘phāsuvihāro ca me bhavissatī’’ti āhāreti. Phāsuvihāro nāma catūhi pañcahi ālopeti ūnūdaratā. Ettakañhi bhuñjitvā pānīyaṃ pivato cattāro iriyāpathā sukhena pavattanti. Tasmā dhammasenāpati evamāha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Cattāro pañca ālope, abhutvā udakaṃ pive;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Alaṃ phāsuvihārāya, pahitattassa bhikkhuno’’ti. (theragā. 983; mi. pa. 6.5.10);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Imasmiṃ pana ṭhāne aṅgāni samodhānetabbāni. Neva davāyāti hi ekaṃ aṅgaṃ, na madāyāti ekaṃ, na maṇḍanāyāti ekaṃ, na vibhūsanāyāti ekaṃ, yāvadeva imassa kāyassa ṭhitiyā yāpanāyāti ekaṃ, vihiṃsūparatiyā brahmacariyānuggahāyāti ekaṃ, iti purāṇañca vedanaṃ paṭihaṅkhāmi navañca <a name="P2.0346"></a> vedanaṃ na uppādessāmīti ekaṃ, yātrā ca me bhavissatīti ekaṃ aṅgaṃ, anavajjatā ca phāsuvihāro cāti ayamettha bhojanānisaṃso.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Mahāsivatthero <a name="M0.0303"></a> panāha – ‘‘heṭṭhā cattāri aṅgāni paṭikkhepo nāma, upari pana aṭṭhaṅgāni samodhānetabbānī’’ti. Tattha yāvadeva imassa kāyassa ṭhitiyāti ekaṃ aṅgaṃ, yāpanāyāti ekaṃ, vihiṃsūparatiyāti ekaṃ, brahmacariyānuggahāyāti ekaṃ, iti purāṇañca vedanaṃ paṭihaṅkhāmīti ekaṃ, navañca vedanaṃ na uppādessāmīti ekaṃ, yātrā ca me bhavissatīti ekaṃ, anavajjatā cāti ekaṃ, phāsuvihāro pana bhojanānisaṃsoti. Evaṃ aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ āhāraṃ āhāreti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para90"></a><span class="paranum">90</span>. <span class="bld">Upekkhako</span>ti chaḷaṅgupekkhāya samannāgato. <span class="bld">Sato</span>ti kāyānupassanādisatiyutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upekkhakoti chaḷaṅgupekkhāya samannāgato</span>ti ettha chaḷaṅgupekkhādhammo nāma koti? Ñāṇādayo. ‘‘Ñāṇa’’nti vutte kiriyato cattāri ñāṇasampayuttāni labbhanti, ‘‘satatavihāro’’ti vutte aṭṭha mahācittāni labbhanti, ‘‘rajjanadussanaṃ natthī’’ti vutte dasa cittāni labbhanti. Somanassaṃ āsevanavasena labbhati. <span class="bld">Cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā</span>ti kāraṇavasena cakkhūti laddhavohārena rūpadassanasamatthena cakkhuviññāṇena rūpaṃ disvā. Porāṇā panāhu – cakkhu rūpaṃ na passati acittakattā, cittampi na passati acakkhukattā. Dvārārammaṇasaṅghaṭṭanena pana pasādavatthukena cittena passati. Īdisesu pana ṭhānesu ‘‘dhanunā vijjhatī’’tiādīsu <a name="V0.0278"></a> viya sasambhārakathā nāma hoti. Tasmā cakkhuviññāṇena rūpaṃ disvāti ayamevettha attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Neva sumano hotī</span>ti lobhuppattivasena chandarāguppattivasena somanasso na hoti. <span class="bld">Na dummano</span>ti paṭighuppattivasena duṭṭhacitto na hoti. <span class="bld">Upekkhako</span>ti upapattito ikkhako hoti, apakkhapatito hutvā iriyāpathaṃ pavatteti. <span class="bld">Sato sampajāno</span>ti satimā ñāṇasampanno. <span class="bld">Manāpaṃ nābhigijjhatī</span>ti manavaḍḍhanakaṃ iṭṭhārammaṇaṃ nābhigijjhati na pattheti. <span class="bld">Nābhihaṃsatī</span>ti na tussati. <span class="bld">Na rāgaṃ janetī</span>ti tattha tattha rañjanaṃ na uppādeti. <span class="bld">Tassa</span> <a name="P2.0347"></a> <span class="bld">ṭhitova kāyo hotī</span>ti tassa khīṇāsavassa cakkhādikāyo kampārahitattā ṭhito niccalo hoti. <span class="bld">Amanāpa</span>nti aniṭṭhārammaṇaṃ<a name="M0.0304"></a>. <span class="bld">Na maṅku hotī</span>ti domanassito na hoti. <span class="bld">Appatiṭṭhitacitto</span>ti kodhavasena ṭhitamano na hoti. <span class="bld">Alīnamanaso</span>ti alīnacitto. <span class="bld">Abyāpannacetaso</span>ti byāpādarahitacitto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rajanīye na rajjatī</span>ti rajanīyasmiṃ vatthusmiṃ na rāgaṃ uppādeti. <span class="bld">Dussanīye na dussatī</span>ti dosuppāde vatthusmiṃ na dosaṃ uppādeti. <span class="bld">Mohanīye na muyhatī</span>ti mohanīyasmiṃ vatthusmiṃ na mohaṃ uppādeti. <span class="bld">Kopanīye na kuppatī</span>ti kodhanīyasmiṃ vatthusmiṃ na calati. <span class="bld">Madanīye na majjatī</span>ti madanīyasmiṃ vatthusmiṃ na saṃsīdati. <span class="bld">Kilesanīye na kilissatī</span>ti upatapanīyasmiṃ vatthusmiṃ na upatappati. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhe diṭṭhamatto</span>ti rūpārammaṇe cakkhuviññāṇena diṭṭhe diṭṭhamatto. <span class="bld">Sute sutamatto</span>ti saddāyatane sotaviññāṇena sute sutamatto. <span class="bld">Mute mutamatto</span>ti ghānajivhākāyaviññāṇena pāpuṇitvā gahite gahitamatto. <span class="bld">Viññāte viññātamatto</span>ti manoviññāṇena ñāte ñātamatto. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhe na limpatī</span>ti cakkhuviññāṇena diṭṭhe rūpārammaṇe taṇhādiṭṭhilepena na limpati. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhe anūpayo</span>ti rūpārammaṇe nittaṇho hoti. <span class="bld">Anapāyo</span>ti apaduṭṭhacitto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saṃvijjatī</span>ti labbhati. <span class="bld">Passatī</span>ti oloketi. <span class="bld">Chandarāgo</span>ti sineho. <span class="bld">Rūpārāma</span>nti rūpaṃ ārāmaṃ assāti rūpārāmaṃ. Rūpe ratanti <span class="bld">rūparataṃ</span>. Rūpe santuṭṭhīti <span class="bld">rūpasammuditaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dantaṃ nayanti samiti</span>nti uyyānakīḷāmaṇḍalādīsu mahājanamajjhaṃ gacchantā dantameva goṇajātiṃ vā assajātiṃ vā yāne yojetvā nayanti. <span class="bld">Rājā</span>ti tathārūpāneva ṭhānāni gacchanto rājāpi dantameva abhiruhati. <span class="bld">Manussesū</span>ti manussesupi catūhi ariyamaggehi danto nibbisevanova <a name="P2.0348"></a> seṭṭho. <span class="bld">Yotivākya</span>nti yo evarūpaṃ atikkamavacanaṃ punappunaṃ vuccamānampi titikkhati na paṭipphandati na vihaññati, evarūpo danto seṭṭhoti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Assatarā</span>ti <a name="V0.0279"></a> vaḷavāya gadrabhena jātā. <span class="bld">Ājānīyā</span>ti yaṃ assadammasārathi kāraṇaṃ kāreti, tassa khippaṃ jānanasamatthā. <span class="bld">Sindhavā</span>ti sindhavaraṭṭhe jātā assā. <span class="bld">Mahānāgā</span>ti kuñjarasaṅkhātā mahāhatthino. <span class="bld">Attadanto</span>ti <a name="M0.0305"></a> ete assatarā vā ājānīyā vā sindhavā vā kuñjarā vā varā dantā, na adantā. Yo pana catumaggasaṅkhātena attadantena dantatāya attadanto nibbisevano, ayaṃ tatopi varaṃ, sabbehipi etehi uttaritaroti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na hi etehi yānehī</span>ti yāni etāni hatthiyānādiyānāni, na hi etehi yānehi koci puggalo supinantenapi agatapubbattā <span class="bld">‘‘agata’’</span>nti saṅkhātaṃ nibbāna<span class="bld">disaṃ,</span> taṃ ṭhānaṃ gaccheyya. Yathā pubbabhāge indriyadamena <span class="bld">dantena</span> aparabhāge ariyamaggabhāvanāya <span class="bld">sudantena danto</span> nibbisevano sappañño puggalo taṃ agatapubbaṃ disaṃ gacchati, dantabhūmiṃ pāpuṇāti. Tasmā attadamanameva varanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vidhāsu na vikampantī</span>ti seyyassa seyyohamasmītiādīsu mānavidhāsu na calanti nappavedhanti. <span class="bld">Vippamuttā punabbhavā</span>ti punabbhavapaṭisandhiyā punappunaṃ uppattito suṭṭhu muttā muñcitvā ṭhitā. <span class="bld">Dantabhūmimanuppattā</span>ti ekantadamanaṃ arahattaphalabhūmiṃ pāpuṇitvā ṭhitā. <span class="bld">Te loke vijitāvino</span>ti te arahanto sattaloke vijitavijayā vijitavanto nāma honti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā ca bhāvitindriyo nibbhayo nibbikāro danto hoti, tasmā tamatthaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘yassindriyānī’’</span>ti gāthamāha. Tassattho – <span class="bld">yassa</span> cakkhādīni <span class="bld">chaḷindriyāni</span> gocarabhāvanāya aniccāditilakkhaṇaṃ āropetvā vāsanābhāvanāya satisampajaññagandhaṃ gāhāpetvā <span class="bld">bhāvitāni,</span> tāni ca kho <span class="bld">ajjhatta</span>gocarabhāvanāya, evaṃ pana <span class="bld">bahiddhā ca sabbaloke</span>ti yattha yattha indriyānaṃ vekallatā vekallato vā sambhavo, tattha nābhijjhādivasena <span class="bld">bhāvitānī</span>ti evaṃ <span class="bld">nibbijjha</span> ñatvā paṭivijjhitvā <span class="bld">imaṃ parañca lokaṃ</span> sakasantatikhandhalokaṃ parasantatikhandhalokañca <a name="P2.0349"></a> dantamaraṇaṃ maritukāmo <span class="bld">kālaṃ kaṅkhati,</span> jīvitakkhayakālaṃ āgameti patimāneti, na bhāyati maraṇassa. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="gathalast">‘‘Maraṇe me bhayaṃ natthi, nikanti natthī jīvite’’. (theragā. 20);</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Nābhikaṅkhāmi <a name="V0.0280"></a> maraṇaṃ, nābhikaṅkhāmi jīvitaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Kālañca patimānemi, nibbisaṃ bhatako yathā’’ti. (theragā. 606, 654, 1002; mi. pa. 2.2.4 thokaṃ visadisaṃ);</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhāvito</span> <a name="M0.0306"></a> <span class="bld">sa danto</span>ti evaṃ bhāvitindriyo so danto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para91"></a><span class="paranum">91</span>. <span class="bld">Nissayatā</span>ti taṇhādiṭṭhinissayā. <span class="bld">Ñatvā dhamma</span>nti aniccādīhi ākārehi dhammaṃ jānitvā. <span class="bld">Anissito</span>ti evaṃ tehi nissayehi anissito. Tena aññatra dhammañāṇā natthi nissayānaṃ abhāvoti dīpeti. <span class="bld">Bhavāya vibhavāya vā</span>ti sassatāya ucchedāya vā. Imissā gāthāya niddeso uttāno.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para92"></a><span class="paranum">92</span>. <span class="bld">Taṃ brūmi upasanto</span>ti taṃ evarūpaṃ ekekagāthāya vuttaṃ upasantoti kathemi. <span class="bld">Atarī so visattika</span>nti so imaṃ visatādibhāvena visattikāsaṅkhātaṃ mahātaṇhaṃ atari.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Attano diṭṭhiyā rāgo abhijjhākāyagantho</span>ti sayaṃ gahitadiṭṭhiyā rañjanasaṅkhāto rāgo abhijjhākāyagantho. <span class="bld">Paravādesu āghāto appaccayo</span>ti paresaṃ vādapaṭivādesu kopo ca atuṭṭhākāro ca byāpādo kāyagantho. <span class="bld">Attano sīlaṃ vā vataṃ vā</span>ti sayaṃ gahitamethunaviratisaṅkhātaṃ sīlaṃ vā govatādivataṃ vā. <span class="bld">Sīlabbataṃ vā</span>ti tadubhayaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Parāmāso</span>ti iminā suddhītiādivasena parato āmasati. <span class="bld">Attano diṭṭhi idaṃsaccābhiniveso kāyagantho</span>ti sayaṃ gahitadiṭṭhiṃ ‘‘idameva saccaṃ moghamañña’’nti (udā. 54; ma. ni. 3.27, 301) ayoniso abhiniveso idaṃsaccābhiniveso kāyagantho. <span class="bld">Ganthā tassa na vijjantī</span>ti tassa khīṇāsavassa dve diṭṭhiganthā sotāpattimaggena na santi. Byāpādo kāyagantho anāgāmimaggena. Abhijjhākāyagantho arahattamaggena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para93"></a><span class="paranum">93</span>. Idāni tameva upasantaṃ pasaṃsanto āha <span class="bld">‘‘na tassa puttā’’</span>ti evamādi. Tattha puttā atrajādayo cattāro. Ettha ca puttapariggahādayo puttādināmena vuttāti veditabbā. Te hissa na vijjanti, tesaṃ vā abhāvena puttādayo na vijjantīti. <span class="bld">Attā</span>ti <a name="P2.0350"></a> ‘‘attā atthī’’ti gahitā sassatadiṭṭhiṃ natthi. <span class="bld">Nirattā</span>ti ‘‘ucchijjatī’’ti gahitā ucchedadiṭṭhi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Natthī</span>ti <a name="M0.0307"></a> gahetabbaṃ natthi. <span class="bld">Muñcitabbaṃ natthī</span>ti mocetabbaṃ natthi. <span class="bld">Yassa natthi gahita</span>nti yassa <a name="V0.0281"></a> puggalassa taṇhādiṭṭhivasena gahitaṃ na vijjati. <span class="bld">Tassa natthi muñcitabba</span>nti tassa puggalassa muñcitabbaṃ na vijjati. <span class="bld">Gāhamuñcanasamatikkanto</span>ti gahaṇañca mocanañca vītivatto. <span class="bld">Vuddhiparihānivītivatto</span>ti vuḍḍhiñca hāniñca atikkanto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para94"></a><span class="paranum">94</span>. <span class="bld">Yena naṃ vajjuṃ puthujjanā, atho samaṇabrāhmaṇā</span>ti yena taṃ rāgādinā vajjena puthujjanā sabbepi devamanussā itova bahiddhā samaṇabrāhmaṇā ca rattoti vā duṭṭhoti vā vadeyyuṃ. <span class="bld">Taṃ tassa apurakkhata</span>nti taṃ rāgādivajjaṃ tassa arahato apurakkhataṃ. <span class="bld">Tasmā vādesu nejatī</span>ti taṃkāraṇā nindāvacanesu na kampati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nejatī</span>ti niddesassa uddesapadaṃ. <span class="bld">Na iñjatī</span>ti calanaṃ na karoti. <span class="bld">Na calatī</span>ti na tattha namati. <span class="bld">Na vedhatī</span>ti kampetuṃ asakkuṇeyyatāya na phandati. <span class="bld">Nappavedhatī</span>ti na kampati. <span class="bld">Na sampavedhatī</span>ti na parivattati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para95"></a><span class="paranum">95</span>. <span class="bld">Na ussesu vadate</span>ti visiṭṭhesu attānaṃ antokatvā ‘‘ahaṃ visiṭṭho’’ti atimānavasena na vadati. Esa nayo itaresu dvīsu. <span class="bld">Kappaṃ neti akappiyo</span>ti so evarūpo duvidhampi kappaṃ na eti. Kasmā? Yasmā akappiyo, pahīnakappoti vuttaṃ hoti. Imissāpi gāthāya niddeso uttānova.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para96"></a><span class="paranum">96</span>. <span class="bld">Saka</span>nti mayhanti pariggahitaṃ. <span class="bld">Asatā ca na socatī</span>ti avijjamānādinā asatā ca na socati. <span class="bld">Dhammesu ca na gacchatī</span>ti sabbadhammesu chandādivasena na gacchati. <span class="bld">Sa ve santoti vuccatī</span>ti so evarūpo naruttamo ‘‘santo’’ti vuccati. Imissāpi gāthāya niddeso uttānova. Arahattanikūṭena desanaṃ niṭṭhāpesi. Desanāpariyosāne koṭisatasahassadevatānaṃ arahattappatti ahosi, sotāpannādīnaṃ gaṇanā natthīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Saddhammappajjotikāya mahāniddesaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Purābhedasuttaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter">11. Kalahavivādasuttaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para97"></a><span class="paranum">97</span>. Ekādasame <a name="V0.0282"></a><a name="P2.0351"></a><a name="M0.0308"></a> kalahavivādasuttaniddese <span class="bld">kutopahūtā kalahā vivādā</span>ti kalaho ca tassa pubbabhāgo vivādo cāti ime kuto jātā. <span class="bld">Paridevasokā sahamaccharā cā</span>ti paridevasokā ca sahamaccharā ca kuto pahūtā. <span class="bld">Mānātimānā sahapesuṇā cā</span>ti mānā ca atimānā ca pesuṇā ca kuto pahūtā. <span class="bld">Te</span>ti te sabbepi aṭṭha kilesadhammā. <span class="bld">Tadiṅgha byūhī</span>ti taṃ mayā pucchitamatthaṃ brūhi, yācāmi taṃ ahanti. Yācanattho hi <span class="bld">iṅghā</span>ti nipāto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekena ākārenā</span>ti ekena kāraṇena. <span class="bld">Aparena ākārenā</span>ti aparena kāraṇena. <span class="bld">Āgārikā daṇḍapasutā</span>ti gahapatino vihesamānā. <span class="bld">Pabbajitā āpattiṃ āpajjantā</span>ti anagārikā sattasu āpattikkhandhesu aññataraṃ āpajjamānā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kutopahūtā</span>ti kutobhūtā. <span class="bld">Kutojātā</span>ti kuto paṭiladdhabhāvā. <span class="bld">Kutosañjātā</span>ti upasaggena padaṃ vaḍḍhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Kutonibbattā</span>ti kuto nibbattalakkhaṇaṃ pattā. Upasaggena padaṃ vaḍḍhetvā <span class="bld">‘‘kutoabhinibbattā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Kutopātubhūtā</span>ti kutopākaṭībhūtā. <span class="bld">Kiṃ nidānā</span>tiādīsu attano phalaṃ nidetīti <span class="bld">nidānaṃ</span>. Etasmā phalaṃ samudetīti <span class="bld">samudayo</span>. Etasmā phalaṃ jāyatīti <span class="bld">jāti</span>. Etasmā phalaṃ pabhavatīti <span class="bld">pabhavo. Mūlaṃ pucchatī</span>ti kalahassa kāraṇaṃ pucchati. Kāraṇañhi patiṭṭhaṭṭhena mūlaṃ. Attano phalanipphādanatthaṃ hinoti pavattatīti <span class="bld">hetu</span>. ‘‘Handa naṃ gaṇhathā’’ti dassentaṃ viya attano phalaṃ nidetīti <span class="bld">nidānaṃ</span>. Etasmā phalaṃ sambhavatīti <span class="bld">sambhavo</span>. Pabhavati phalaṃ etasmāti <span class="bld">pabhavo</span>. Samuṭṭhāti ettha phalaṃ, etena vā samuṭṭhātīti <span class="bld">samuṭṭhānaṃ</span>. Attano phalaṃ āharatīti <span class="bld">āhāro</span>. Apaṭikkhipitabbaṭṭhena attano phalaṃ ārametīti <span class="bld">ārammaṇaṃ</span>. Etaṃ paṭicca apaṭikkhipitvā phalaṃ <a name="P2.0352"></a> eti pavattatīti <span class="bld">paccayo</span>. Etasmā phalaṃ samudetīti <span class="bld">samudayo</span>ti evametesaṃ padānaṃ vacanattho veditabbo. Taṃ sandhāya ‘‘kalahassa ca vivādassa ca mūlaṃ pucchatī’’tiādinā nayena desanā vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para98"></a><span class="paranum">98</span>. <span class="bld">Piyappahūtā</span>ti <a name="V0.0283"></a> piyavatthuto jātā. <span class="bld">Maccherayuttā kalahā vivādā</span>ti iminā kalahavivādādīnaṃ na kevalaṃ piyavatthumeva, macchariyampi paccayaṃ <a name="M0.0309"></a> dasseti. Kalahavivādasīsena cettha sabbepi te dhammā vuttāti veditabbā. Yathā ca etesaṃ macchariyaṃ, tathā pesuṇānañca vivādaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vivādajātesu ca pesuṇānī’’</span>ti. Imissā gāthāya niddeso uttānatthoyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para99"></a><span class="paranum">99</span>. <span class="bld">Piyā su lokasmiṃ kutonidānā, ye cāpi lobhā vicaranti loke</span>ti ‘‘piyappahūtā kalahā’’ti ye ettha vuttā, te piyā lokasmiṃ kutonidānā, na kevalañca piyā, ye cāpi khattiyādayo loke vicaranti lobhahetu lobhenābhibhūtā vicaranti, tesaṃ so lobho ca kutonidānoti dve atthe ekāya pucchāya pucchati. <span class="bld">Kutonidānā</span>ti cettha kiṃnidānā kiṃhetukāti paccattavacanassa toādeso veditabbo, samāse cassa lopābhāvo. Atha vā <span class="bld">nidānā</span>ti jātā, uppannāti attho. Tasmā kuto jātā kuto uppannāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Āsā ca niṭṭhā cā</span>ti āsā ca tassā āsāya samiddhi ca. <span class="bld">Ye samparāyāya narassa hontī</span>ti ye narassa samparāyāya honti, parāyanā hontīti vuttaṃ hoti. Ekā evāyampi pucchā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dīpā hontī</span>ti patiṭṭhā bhavanti. <span class="bld">Saraṇā hontī</span>ti dukkhanāsanā honti. <span class="bld">Niṭṭhāparāyanā hontī</span>ti samiddhiparāyanā honti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para100"></a><span class="paranum">100</span>. <span class="bld">Chandānidānānī</span>ti kāmacchandādichandanidānāni. <span class="bld">Ye cāpi lobhā vicarantī</span>ti ye cāpi khattiyādayo lobhā vicaranti, tesaṃ lobhopi chandanidānoti dvepi atthe ekato vissajjeti. <span class="bld">Itonidānā</span>ti chandanidānā evāti vuttaṃ hoti. ‘‘Itonidānā’’ti hi chandaṃ sandhāyāha. Chandanidānā hi lobhādayo. ‘‘Itonidānā’’ti saddasiddhi <a name="P2.0353"></a> cettha ‘‘kutonidānā’’ti ettha vuttanayena veditabbā. Āsāya samiddhi vuccati <span class="bld">niṭṭhā</span>ti ajjhāsayanibbattipaṭilābho kathīyati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para101"></a><span class="paranum">101</span>. <span class="bld">Vinicchayā</span>ti taṇhādiṭṭhivinicchayā. <span class="bld">Ye cāpi dhammā samaṇena vuttā</span>ti ye ca aññepi kodhādīhi sampayuttā, tathārūpā vā akusalā dhammā buddhasamaṇena vuttā, te <span class="bld">kutopahūtā</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aññajātikā</span>ti <a name="M0.0310"></a> aññasabhāvā. <span class="bld">Aññavihitakā</span>ti aññenākārena ṭhitā. <span class="bld">Samitapāpenā</span>ti nibbāpitapāpena. <span class="bld">Bāhitapāpadhammenā</span>ti pahīnalāmakadhammena. <span class="bld">Bhinnakilesamūlenā</span>ti kilesamūlāni <a name="V0.0284"></a> bhinditvā ṭhitena. <span class="bld">Sabbākusalamūlabandhanā pamuttenā</span>ti dvādasaakusalabandhanaṃ mocetvā ṭhitena. <span class="bld">Vuttā</span>ti kathitā. <span class="bld">Pavuttā</span>ti pakārena kathitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para102"></a><span class="paranum">102</span>. <span class="bld">Tamūpanissāya pahoti chando</span>ti taṃ sukhadukkhavedanaṃ tadubhayavatthusaṅkhātaṃ sātāsātaṃ upanissāya saṃyogaviyogapatthanāvasena chando pahoti. Ettāvatā ‘‘chando nu lokasmiṃ kutonidāno’’ti ayaṃ pañho vissajjito hoti. <span class="bld">Rūpesu disvā vibhavaṃ bhavañcā</span>ti rūpesu vayañca uppādañca disvā. <span class="bld">Vinicchayaṃ kubbati jantu loke</span>ti apāyādike loke ayaṃ jantu bhogādhigamatthaṃ taṇhāvinicchayaṃ ‘‘attā me uppanno’’tiādinā nayena diṭṭhivinicchayañca kurute. Ettāvatā ‘‘vinicchayā cāpi kutopabhūtā’’ti ayaṃ pañho vissajjito hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sātāsātaṃ nissāyā</span>ti madhurañca amadhurañca upanissayaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Iṭṭhāniṭṭha</span>nti iṭṭhārammaṇañca aniṭṭhārammaṇañca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Surāmerayamajjappamādaṭṭhānānuyoga</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">surā</span>ti piṭṭhasurā pūvasurā odanasurā kiṇṇapakkhittā sambhārasaṃyuttāti pañca surā. <span class="bld">Meraya</span>nti pupphāsavo phalāsavo madhvāsavo guḷāsavo sambhārasaṃyuttoti pañca āsavā. Taṃ sabbampi madakaraṇavasena majjaṃ. <span class="bld">Pamādaṭṭhāna</span>nti pamādakāraṇaṃ, yāya cetanāya taṃ majjaṃ pivati, tassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Anuyoga</span>nti taṃ surāmerayamajjappamādaṭṭhānānuyogaṃ <a name="P2.0354"></a> anuāyogaṃ punappunaṃ karaṇaṃ. Yasmā ca pana taṃ anuyuttassa me uppannā ceva bhogā parihāyanti, anuppannā ca nuppajjanti, tasmā ‘‘me bhogā parikkhayaṃ khīṇabhāvaṃ gacchantī’’ti jānāti. Evaṃ sabbattha. <span class="bld">Vikālavisikhācariyānuyoga</span>nti avelāya visikhāsu cariyānuyuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Samajjābhicaraṇa</span>nti naccādidassanavasena samajjābhigamanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ālasyānuyoga</span>nti kāyālasiyatāya yuttappayuttataṃ. <span class="bld">Apāyamukhāni na sevatī</span>ti bhogānaṃ vināsadvārāni na sevati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kasiyā vā</span>ti kasikammena vā. <span class="bld">Vaṇijjāya vā</span>ti dhammikavaṇijjakammena vā. <span class="bld">Gorakkhena vā</span>ti gopālakammena vā. <span class="bld">Issatthena vā</span>ti dhanusippena <a name="M0.0311"></a> vā. <span class="bld">Rājaporisena vā</span>ti rājasevakakammena vā. <span class="bld">Sippaññatarena vā</span>ti kumbhakārādisippānaṃ aññatarena vā. <span class="bld">Paṭipajjatī</span>ti payogaṃ karoti. <span class="bld">Cakkhusmiṃ uppanne jānātī</span>ti sasambhāracakkhusmiṃ uppanne jānāti. <span class="bld">‘‘Attā me uppanno’’</span>ti diṭṭhiṃ gaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Cakkhusmiṃ antarahite</span>ti tasmiṃ vinaṭṭhe. <span class="bld">Attā</span> <a name="V0.0285"></a> <span class="bld">me antarahito</span>ti ‘‘mama attā vinaṭṭho’’ti diṭṭhiṃ gaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Vigato me attā</span>ti vītikkanto mama attā. <span class="bld">Sotasmi</span>ntiādīsupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para103"></a><span class="paranum">103</span>. <span class="bld">Etepi dhammā dvayameva sante</span>ti ete kodhādayo dhammā sātāsātadvaye sante eva honti uppajjanti. Ettāvatā tatiyapañhopi vissajjito hoti. Idāni yo evaṃ vissajjitesu etesu pañhesu kathaṃkathī bhaveyya, tassa kathaṃkathāpahānūpāyaṃ dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘kathaṃkathī ñāṇapathāya sikkhe’’</span>ti, ñāṇadassanañāṇādhigamanatthaṃ tisso sikkhā sikkheyyāti vuttaṃ hoti. Kiṃkāraṇā? <span class="bld">Ñatvā pavuttā samaṇena dhammā</span>. Buddhasamaṇena hi ñatvā dhammā vuttā, natthi tassa dhammesu aññāṇaṃ, attano pana ñāṇānubhāvena te ajānanto na jāneyya, na desanādosena. Tasmā <span class="bld">kathaṃkathī ñāṇapathāya sikkhe, ñatvā pavuttā samaṇena dhammā</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pakkhepabandhanena vā baddho</span>ti nāgarikabandhena baddho. <span class="bld">Parikkhepabandhanena vā</span>ti vatiparikkhepabandhanena vā. <span class="bld">Gāmabandhanenā</span>tiādīsu tasmā tasmā <a name="P2.0355"></a> ṭhānato nikkhamituṃ alabhanto gāmabandhanādīhi baddho nāma hoti. <span class="bld">Tassa bandhanassa mokkhatthāyā</span>ti etassa vuttappakārassa bandhanassa mocanatthaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ñāṇampi ñāṇapatho</span>ti pure uppannaṃ ñāṇaṃ aparāparuppannassa ñāṇampi ñāṇassa sañcaraṇamaggoti ñāṇampi ñāṇapatho. <span class="bld">Ñāṇassa ārammaṇampi ñāṇapatho</span>ti ñāṇassa paccayopi taṃ ālambitvā uppajjanato ñāṇapatho. <span class="bld">Ñāṇasahabhunopi dhammā ñāṇapatho</span>ti ñāṇena sahuppannā avasesā cittacetasikā dhammāpi ñāṇapatho. Idāni upamāya sādhento <span class="bld">‘‘yathā ariyamaggo ariyapatho’’</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kathaṃkathī</span> <a name="M0.0312"></a> <span class="bld">puggalo</span>ti vicikicchāvanto puggalo. <span class="bld">Sakaṅkho</span>ti sadveḷhako. <span class="bld">Savilekho</span>ti cittarājivanto. <span class="bld">Sadveḷhako</span>ti kaṅkhāvanto. <span class="bld">Savicikiccho</span>ti sandehavanto. <span class="bld">Ñāṇādhigamāyā</span>ti ñāṇapaṭilābhatthāya. <span class="bld">Ñāṇaphusanāyā</span>ti ñāṇapaṭivijjhanatthāya. Atha vā ñāṇavindanatthāya. <span class="bld">Ñāṇasacchikiriyāyā</span>ti ñāṇassa paccakkhakaraṇatthāya. <span class="bld">Sanidānāha</span>nti ahaṃ sanidānaṃ sapaccayaṃ katvā dhammadesanaṃ karomi. <span class="bld">Sappāṭihāriya</span>nti niyyānikaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">No appāṭihāriya</span>nti aniyyānikaṃ akatvā dhammadesanaṃ karomi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para104"></a><span class="paranum">104</span>. <span class="bld">Sātaṃ asātañca kutonidānā</span>ti ettha sātāsātanti sukhadukkhavedanā eva adhippetā<a name="V0.0286"></a>. <span class="bld">Na bhavanti hete</span>ti na bhavanti ete. <span class="bld">Vibhavaṃ bhavañcāpi yametamatthaṃ, etaṃ me pabrūhi yatonidāna</span>nti sātāsātānaṃ vibhavaṃ bhavañca etampi yaṃ atthaṃ. Liṅgabyattayo ettha kato. Idaṃ pana vuttaṃ hoti – sātāsātānaṃ vibhavo bhavo cāti yo esa attho, etaṃ me pabrūhi yatonidānanti. Ettha ca sātāsātānaṃ vibhavabhavavatthukā vibhavabhavadiṭṭhiyo eva vibhavabhavāti atthato veditabbā. Tathā hi imassa pañhassa vissajjanapakkhe ‘‘bhavadiṭṭhipi phassanidānā, vibhavadiṭṭhipi phassanidānā’’ti upari niddese (mahāni. 105) vakkhati. Imāya gāthāya niddese vattabbaṃ natthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para105"></a><span class="paranum">105</span>. <span class="bld">Itonidāna</span>nti phassanidānaṃ. Imāyapi vattabbaṃ natthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para106"></a><span class="paranum">106</span>. <span class="bld">Kismiṃ</span> <a name="P2.0356"></a> <span class="bld">vibhūte na phusanti phassā</span>ti kismiṃ vītivatte cakkhusamphassādayo pañca phassā na phusanti. Imāyapi vattabbaṃ natthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para107"></a><span class="paranum">107</span>. <span class="bld">Nāmañca rūpañca paṭiccā</span>ti sampayuttakanāmañca vatthārammaṇarūpañca paṭicca. <span class="bld">Rūpe vibhūte na phusanti phassā</span>ti rūpe vītivatte pañca phassā na phusanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tiṇṇaṃ saṅgati phasso</span>ti cakkhurūpaviññāṇānaṃ tiṇṇannaṃ saṅgatiyā phasso jāyati. <span class="bld">Cakkhu ca rūpā ca rūpasmi</span>nti pasādacakkhuñca rūpārammaṇāni ca rūpabhāge rūpakoṭṭhāse katvā. <span class="bld">Cakkhusamphassaṃ ṭhapetvā</span>ti tiṇṇaṃ saṅgatiyā uppannaphassaṃ muñcitvā. <span class="bld">Sampayuttakā dhammā nāmasmi</span>nti avasesā vedanādayo <a name="M0.0313"></a> phassena sahajātā dhammā nāmabhāge. <span class="bld">Sotañca paṭiccā</span>tiādīsupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Catūhākārehi rūpaṃ vibhūtaṃ hotī</span>ti catūhi kāraṇehi rūpaṃ vītivattaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Ñātavibhūtenā</span>ti pākaṭaṃ katvā vītivattena. <span class="bld">Tīraṇavibhūtenā</span>ti aniccādito tīrayitvā vītivattena. <span class="bld">Pahānavibhūtenā</span>ti chandarāgapahānato vītivattena. <span class="bld">Samatikkamavibhūtenā</span>ti catunnaṃ arūpasamāpattīnaṃ paṭilābhavasena vītivattena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para108"></a><span class="paranum">108</span>. <span class="bld">Kathaṃ sametassā</span>ti kathaṃ paṭipannassa. <span class="bld">Vibhoti rūpa</span>nti rūpaṃ vibhavati, na bhaveyya vā. <span class="bld">Sukhaṃ dukhañcā</span>ti iṭṭhāniṭṭharūpameva pucchati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Jāneyyāmā</span>ti <a name="V0.0287"></a> jānissāma. <span class="bld">Ājāneyyāmā</span>ti visesena jānissāma. <span class="bld">Vijāneyyāmā</span>ti anekavidhena jānissāma. <span class="bld">Paṭivijāneyyāmā</span>ti sammā jānissāma. <span class="bld">Paṭivijjheyyāmā</span>ti cittena bujjhissāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para109"></a><span class="paranum">109</span>. <span class="bld">Na saññasaññī</span>ti yathā sametassa vibhoti rūpaṃ, so pakatisaññāya saññīpi na hoti. <span class="bld">Na visaññasaññī</span>ti visaññāyapi virūpāya saññāya visaññī na hoti ummattako vā khittacitto vā. <span class="bld">Nopi asaññī</span>ti saññāvirahitopi na hoti nirodhasamāpanno vā asaññasatto vā. <span class="bld">Na vibhūtasaññī</span>ti ‘‘sabbaso rūpasaññāna’’ntiādinā (vibha. 508) nayena samatikkantasaññīpi na hoti arūpajjhānalābhī. <span class="bld">Evaṃ sametassa vibhoti rūpa</span>nti etasmiṃ saññasaññitādibhāve aṭṭhatvā yadetaṃ vuttaṃ ‘‘so evaṃ <a name="P2.0357"></a> samāhite citte…pe… ākāsānañcāyatanasamāpattipaṭilābhatthāya cittaṃ abhinīharatī’’ti, evaṃ sametassa arūpamaggasamaṅgino vibhoti rūpaṃ. <span class="bld">Saññānidānā hi papañcasaṅkhā</span>ti evaṃ paṭipannassāpi ca yā saññā, taṃnidānā taṇhādiṭṭhipapañcāssa appahīnāva hontīti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Asaññino vuccanti nirodhasamāpannā</span>ti saññāvedanā nirodhetvā nirodhasamāpannā saññābhāvena asaññinoti kathīyanti. <span class="bld">Asaññasattā</span>ti sabbena sabbaṃ saññābhāvena asaññabhave nibbattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">So evaṃ samāhite citte</span>ti tattha <span class="bld">so</span>ti so bhikkhu. <span class="bld">Eva</span>nti catutthajjhānakkamanidassanametaṃ, iminā kamena catutthajjhānaṃ paṭilabhitvāti vuttaṃ <a name="M0.0314"></a> hoti. <span class="bld">Samāhite</span>ti iminā catutthajjhānasamādhinā samāhite. <span class="bld">Parisuddhe</span>tiādīsu pana upekkhāsatipārisuddhibhāvena parisuddhe. Parisuddhattāyeva <span class="bld">pariyodāte,</span> pabhassareti vuttaṃ hoti. Sukhādīnaṃ paccayānaṃ ghātena vihatarāgādiaṅgaṇattā <span class="bld">anaṅgaṇe</span>. Anaṅgaṇattā eva ca <span class="bld">vigatūpakkilese</span>. Aṅgaṇena hi cittaṃ upakkilissati. Subhāvitattā <span class="bld">mudubhūte,</span> vasībhāvappatteti vuttaṃ hoti. Vase vattamānañhi cittaṃ mudūti vuccati. Muduttāyeva ca <span class="bld">kammaniye,</span> kammakkhame kammayoggeti vuttaṃ hoti. Mudu hi cittaṃ kammaniyaṃ hoti suddhantamiva suvaṇṇaṃ. Tadubhayampi ca subhāvitattāyeva. Yathāha ‘‘nāhaṃ, bhikkhave, aññaṃ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi, yaṃ evaṃ bhāvitaṃ kammaniyaṃ hoti yathayidaṃ, bhikkhave, citta’’nti (a. ni. 1.22).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Etesu hi parisuddhabhāvādīsu ṭhitattā <span class="bld">ṭhite</span>. Ṭhitattāyeva <span class="bld">āneñjappatte</span> acale niriñjaneti vuttaṃ <a name="V0.0288"></a> hoti. Mudukammaññabhāvena vā attano vase ṭhitattā <span class="bld">ṭhite</span>. Saddhādīhi pariggahitattā <span class="bld">āneñjappatte</span>. Saddhāpariggahitañhi cittaṃ assaddhiyena na iñjati, vīriyapariggahitaṃ kosajjena na iñjati, satipariggahitaṃ pamādena na iñjati, samādhipariggahitaṃ uddhaccena na iñjati, paññāpariggahitaṃ avijjāya na iñjati, obhāsagataṃ kilesandhakārena na iñjati. Imehi chahi dhammehi pariggahituṃ āneñjappattaṃ hoti. Evaṃ <a name="P2.0358"></a> aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ cittaṃ abhinīhārakkhamaṃ hoti ākāsānañcāyatanasamāpattipaṭilābhatthāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparo nayo – catutthajjhānasamādhinā <span class="bld">samāhite</span>. Nīvaraṇadūrībhāvena <span class="bld">parisuddhe</span>. Vitakkādisamatikkamena <span class="bld">pariyodāte</span>. Jhānapaṭilābhapaccanikānaṃ pāpakānaṃ icchāvacarānañca abhāvena <span class="bld">anaṅgaṇe</span>. Icchāvacarānanti icchāya avacarānaṃ, icchāvasena otiṇṇānaṃ pavattānaṃ nānappakārānaṃ kopaappaccayānanti attho. Abhijjhādīnaṃ cittūpakkilesānaṃ vigamena <span class="bld">vigatūpakkilese</span>. Ubhayampi cetaṃ aṅgaṇasuttavatthasuttānusāreneva (ma. ni. 1.57 ādayo, 70 ādayo) veditabbaṃ. Vasippattiyā <span class="bld">mudubhūte</span>. Iddhipādabhāvūpagamanena <span class="bld">kammaniye</span>. Bhāvanāpāripūriyā paṇītabhāvūpagamena <span class="bld">ṭhite āneñjappatte,</span> yathā āneñjabhāvaṃ āneñjappattaṃ hoti, evaṃ ṭhiteti attho. Evampi aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgamena cittaṃ abhinīhārakkhamaṃ hoti ākāsānañcāyatanasamāpattipaṭilābhatthāya pādakaṃ padaṭṭhānabhūtaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āruppamaggasamaṅgī</span>ti <a name="M0.0315"></a> arūpasamāpattiyā gamanamaggena aparihīno. <span class="bld">Papañcāyeva papañcasaṅkhā</span>ti taṇhādipapañcāyeva papañcasaṅkhā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para110"></a><span class="paranum">110</span>. <span class="bld">Ettāvataggaṃ nu vadanti heke, yakkhassa suddhiṃ idha paṇḍitāse. Udāhu aññampi vadanti etto</span>ti ettāvatā nu idha paṇḍitā samaṇabrāhmaṇā aggaṃ suddhiṃ sattassa vadanti, udāhu aññampi etto arūpasamāpattito adhikañca vadantīti pucchati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Etto arūpasamāpattito</span>ti etasmā arūpasamāpattito.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para111"></a><span class="paranum">111</span>. <span class="bld">Ettāvataggampi vadanti heke</span>ti eke sassatavādā samaṇabrāhmaṇā paṇḍitamānino ettāvatāpi aggaṃ suddhiṃ vadanti. <span class="bld">Tesaṃ paneke samayaṃ vadantī</span>ti tesaññeva eke ucchedavādā samayaṃ ucchedaṃ vadanti. <span class="bld">Anupādisese kusalāvadānā</span>ti anupādisese kusalavādā samānā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhavatajjitā</span>ti <a name="V0.0289"></a> bhavato bhītā. <span class="bld">Vibhavaṃ abhinandantī</span>ti ucchedaṃ <a name="P2.0359"></a> paṭicca tussanti. <span class="bld">Te sattassa sama</span>nti te ucchedavādino puggalassa samaṃ anuppattiṃ vadanti. <span class="bld">Upasama</span>nti atīva samaṃ. <span class="bld">Vūpasama</span>nti santaṃ. <span class="bld">Nirodha</span>nti anuppādaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭipassaddhi</span>nti apunuppattiṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para112"></a><span class="paranum">112</span>. <span class="bld">Ete ca ñatvā upanissitā</span>ti ete ca diṭṭhigatike sassatucchedadiṭṭhiyo nissitāti ñatvā. <span class="bld">Ñatvā munī nissaye so vīmaṃsī</span>ti nissaye ca ñatvā so vīmaṃsī paṇḍito buddhamuni. <span class="bld">Ñatvā vimutto</span>ti dukkhāniccādito dhamme ñatvā vimutto. <span class="bld">Bhavābhavāya na sametī</span>ti punappunaṃ upapattiyā na samāgacchati. <span class="bld">Aparāmasa</span>nti aparāmasanto. Parāmāsaṃ nāpajjantoti attho.</p>
<p class="centered">Saddhammappajjotikāya mahāniddesaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Kalahavivādasuttaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter">12. Cūḷabyūhasuttaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dvādasame <a name="V0.0290"></a><a name="P2.0360"></a><a name="M0.0316"></a> cūḷabyūhasuttaniddese <span class="bld">sakaṃsakaṃdiṭṭhiparibbasānā</span>ti idampi tasmiṃyeva mahāsamaye ‘‘sabbepime diṭṭhigatikā ‘sādhurūpāmhā’ti bhaṇanti, kiṃ nu kho sādhurūpāva ime attano eva diṭṭhiyā patiṭṭhahanti, udāhu aññampi diṭṭhiṃ gaṇhantī’’ti uppannacittānaṃ ekaccānaṃ devatānaṃ tamatthaṃ pakāsetuṃ purimanayeneva nimmitabuddhena attānaṃ pucchāpetvā vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para113"></a><span class="paranum">113</span>. Tattha ādito dvepi gāthā pucchāgāthāyeva. Tāsu <span class="bld">sakaṃ sakaṃ diṭṭhiparibbasānā</span>ti attano attano diṭṭhiyā vasamānā. <span class="bld">Viggayha nānā kusalā vadantī</span>ti taṃ diṭṭhiṃ balavaggāhaṃ gahetvā ‘‘tattha kusalāmhā’’ti paṭijānamānā puthu puthu vadanti, ekaṃ na vadanti. <span class="bld">Yo evaṃ jānāti sa vedi dhammaṃ, idaṃ paṭikkosamakevalī so</span>ti tañca diṭṭhiṃ sandhāya yo evaṃ jānāti, so dhammaṃ vediyi. Idaṃ pana paṭikkosanto hīno hotīti ca vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nānā vadantī</span>ti nānākāraṇaṃ bhaṇanti. <span class="bld">Vividhaṃ vadantī</span>ti nānāvidhaṃ bhaṇanti. <span class="bld">Aññoññaṃ vadantī</span>ti ekaṃ avatvā aññaṃ aññaṃ gahetvā vadanti. <span class="bld">Akevalī so</span>ti yo akusalo ayaṃ. <span class="bld">Asamatto</span>ti na paripūro. <span class="bld">Aparipuṇṇo</span>ti na sampuṇṇo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para114"></a><span class="paranum">114</span>. <span class="bld">Bālo</span>ti hīno. <span class="bld">Akkusalo</span>ti avidvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para115"></a><span class="paranum">115</span>. Idāni tisso vissajjanagāthā hontīti. Tā purimaḍḍhena vuttamatthaṃ pacchimaḍḍhena paṭibyūhitvā ṭhitā. Tena byūhena uttarasuttato ca appakattā idaṃ suttaṃ ‘‘cūḷabyūha’’nti nāmaṃ labhi. Tattha paṭhamagāthāyaṃ tāva <span class="bld">parassa ce dhamma</span>nti parassa diṭṭhiṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbevime bālā</span>ti evaṃ sante sabbeva ime <a name="P2.0361"></a> bālā hontīti adhippāyo. Kiṃkāraṇā? <span class="bld">Sabbevime diṭṭhiparibbasānā</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para116"></a><span class="paranum">116</span>. <span class="bld">Sandiṭṭhiyā</span> <a name="V0.0291"></a> <span class="bld">ceva na vīvadātā, saṃsuddhapaññā kusalā mutīmā</span>ti sakāya diṭṭhiyā anavīvadātā avodātā saṃkiliṭṭhāva samānā saṃsuddhapaññā ca kusalā ca mutimanto ca te honti ce. Atha vā ‘‘sandiṭṭhiyā ce vadātā’’ti pāṭho, tassattho – sakāya pana diṭṭhiyā vodātā <a name="M0.0317"></a> saṃsuddhapaññā kusalā mutimanto honti ce, <span class="bld">na tesaṃ kocī</span>ti evaṃ sante tesaṃ ekopi nihīnapañño na hoti, kiṃkāraṇā? <span class="bld">Diṭṭhī hi tesampi tathā samattā,</span> yathā itaresanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para117"></a><span class="paranum">117</span>. <span class="bld">Na vāhameta</span>nti gāthāya saṅkhepattho – <span class="bld">yaṃ</span> te <span class="bld">mithu</span> dve dve janā <span class="bld">aññamaññaṃ</span> ‘‘bālo’’ti āhu, ahaṃ <span class="bld">etaṃ tathiya</span>nti tacchanti <span class="bld">neva brūmi</span>. Kiṃkāraṇā? Yasmā sabbeva te <span class="bld">sakaṃ sakaṃ diṭṭhiṃ</span> ‘‘idameva <span class="bld">saccaṃ</span> moghamañña’’nti <span class="bld">akaṃsu,</span> tena ca kāraṇena <span class="bld">paraṃ ‘‘bālo’’</span>ti <span class="bld">dahanti</span>. Ettha ca tathiyaṃ, tathevanti (su. ni. aṭṭha. 2.889) dvepi pāṭhā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Taccha</span>nti atucchaṃ. <span class="bld">Tatha</span>nti aviparītaṃ, <span class="bld">bhūta</span>nti santaṃ. <span class="bld">Yāthāva</span>nti saṃvijjamānaṃ. <span class="bld">Aviparita</span>nti na visaṅketaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para118"></a><span class="paranum">118</span>. <span class="bld">Yamāhū</span>ti pucchāgāthāya <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ</span> diṭṭhi<span class="bld">saccaṃ tathiya’’nti eke āhu</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para119"></a><span class="paranum">119</span>. <span class="bld">Ekañhi sacca</span>nti vissajjanagāthāya ekaṃ saccaṃ nirodho maggo vā. <span class="bld">Yasmiṃ pajā no vivade pajāna</span>nti yamhi sacce pajānanto pajā no vivadeyyuṃ. <span class="bld">Sayaṃ thunantī</span>ti attanā vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para120"></a><span class="paranum">120</span>. <span class="bld">Kasmā nū</span>ti pucchāgāthāya <span class="bld">pavādiyāse</span>ti vādino. <span class="bld">Udāhu te takkamanussarantī</span>ti te vādino udāhu attano takkamattaṃ anugacchanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Takkapariyāhata</span>nti vitakkena samantato āhataṃ. <span class="bld">Vīmaṃsānucarita</span>nti attano upaṭṭhitapaññāya vicaritaṃ. <span class="bld">Sayaṃpaṭibhāna</span>nti attano paṭibhānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para121"></a><span class="paranum">121</span>. <span class="bld">Na</span> <a name="P2.0362"></a> <span class="bld">hevā</span>ti vissajjanagāthāya <span class="bld">aññatra saññāya niccānī</span>ti ṭhapetvā saññāmattena niccanti gahitaggahaṇāni. <span class="bld">Takkañca diṭṭhīsu pakappayitvā</span>ti attano niccasaṅkappamattaṃ diṭṭhīsu janetvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā <a name="V0.0292"></a> pana diṭṭhīsu vitakkaṃ janentā diṭṭhiyo sañjanenti, tasmā vuttaṃ ‘‘diṭṭhigatāni janenti sañjanentī’’tiādi. <span class="bld">Janentī</span>ti uparūpari diṭṭhiṃ uppādentā janenti. <span class="bld">Sañjanentī</span>tiādīni upasaggavasena padaṃ vaḍḍhetvā vuttāni. <span class="bld">Mayhaṃ sacca</span>nti mama vacanaṃ tacchaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para122"></a><span class="paranum">122</span>. Idāni <a name="M0.0318"></a> evaṃ nānāsaccesu asantesu takkamattaṃ anussarantānaṃ diṭṭhigatikānaṃ vippaṭipattiṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘diṭṭhe sute’’</span>tiādikā gāthāyo abhāsi. Tattha <span class="bld">diṭṭhe</span>ti diṭṭhaṃ, diṭṭhasuddhinti adhippāyo. Esa nayo sutādīsu. <span class="bld">Ete ca nissāya vimānadassī</span>ti ete diṭṭhidhamme nissayitvā suddhibhāvasaṅkhātaṃ vimānaṃ asammānaṃ passantopi. <span class="bld">Vinicchaye ṭhatvā pahassamāno, bālo paro akkusaloti cāhā</span>ti evaṃ vimānadassīpi tasmiṃ diṭṭhivinicchaye ṭhatvā tuṭṭhijāto hāsajāto hutvā paro ‘‘hīno ca avidvā cā’’ti evaṃ vadatiyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na sammānetītipi vimānadassī</span>ti na bahumānaṃ karotīti evampi vimānadassī na bahumānadassī. <span class="bld">Domanassaṃ janetī</span>ti paṭhamaṃ diṭṭhinissayaṃ allīyitvā domanassaṃ patvā pacchā diṭṭhivinicchaye ṭhitakāle somanassaṃ uppādetīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vinicchayadiṭṭhiyā ṭhatvā</span>ti sanniṭṭhānaṃ katvā gahitadiṭṭhiyā ṭhatvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para123"></a><span class="paranum">123</span>. Evaṃ sante <span class="bld">yenevā</span>ti gāthā. Tattha <span class="bld">sayamattanā</span>ti sayameva attānaṃ. <span class="bld">Vimānetī</span>ti garahati. <span class="bld">Tadeva pāvā</span>ti tadeva vacanaṃ diṭṭhiṃ vadati, taṃ vā puggalaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para124"></a><span class="paranum">124</span>. <span class="bld">Atisāradiṭṭhiyā</span>ti gāthāyattho – <span class="bld">so</span> evaṃ tāya lakkhaṇātisāriniyā <span class="bld">atisāradiṭṭhiyā samatto</span> paripuṇṇo uddhumāto, tena ca diṭṭhi<span class="bld">mānena matto</span> ‘‘paripuṇṇo <a name="P2.0363"></a> ahaṃ kevalī’’ti evaṃ <span class="bld">paripuṇṇamānī. Sayameva</span> attānaṃ <span class="bld">manasā</span> ‘‘ahaṃ paṇḍito’’ti abhisiñcati. Kiṃkāraṇā? <span class="bld">Diṭṭhī hi sā tassa tathā samattā</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbā tā diṭṭhiyo lakkhaṇātikkantā</span>ti tā sabbā dvāsaṭṭhidiṭṭhiyo lakkhaṇaṃ atītā atisarantīti atikkantā. <span class="bld">Anomo</span>ti anūno.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para125"></a><span class="paranum">125</span>. <span class="bld">Parassa ce</span>ti gāthāya sambandho attho ca – kiñca bhiyyo? Yo so vinicchaye ṭhatvā pahassamāno ‘‘bālo paro akkusalo’’ti cāha, tassa <span class="bld">parassa ce hi vacasā</span> so tena vuccamāno <a name="V0.0293"></a> <span class="bld">nihīno</span> hoti, <span class="bld">tumo sahā hoti nihīnapañño,</span> sopi teneva saha nihīnapañño hoti. Sopi hi taṃ ‘‘bālo’’ti vadati. Atha tassa <a name="M0.0319"></a> vacanaṃ appamāṇaṃ, so pana <span class="bld">sayameva vedagū</span> ca <span class="bld">dhīro</span> ca <span class="bld">hoti</span>. Evaṃ sante <span class="bld">na koci bālo samaṇesu atthi</span>. Sabbepi hi te attano icchāya paṇḍitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vācāyā</span>ti kathanena. <span class="bld">Vacanenā</span>ti bhāsitena. <span class="bld">Ninditakāraṇā</span>ti garahahetunā. <span class="bld">Garahitakāraṇā</span>ti avaññātahetunā. <span class="bld">Upavaditakāraṇā</span>ti upavādahetunā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para126"></a><span class="paranum">126</span>. <span class="bld">Aññaṃ ito</span>ti gāthāya sambandho attho ca – ‘‘atha ce sayaṃ vedagū hoti dhīro. Na koci bālo samaṇesu atthī’’ti evañhi vuttepi siyā kassaci ‘‘kasmā’’ti. Tattha vuccate – yasmā <span class="bld">aññaṃ ito yābhivadanti dhammaṃ, aparaddhā suddhimakevalī te. Evampi titthyā puthuso vadanti,</span> ye ito aññaṃ diṭṭhiṃ abhivadanti, te aparaddhā viraddhā suddhimaggaṃ, akevalino ca teti evaṃ puthutitthiyā yasmā vadantīti vuttaṃ hoti. Kasmā panevaṃ vadantīti ce? <span class="bld">Sandiṭṭhirāgena hi tebhirattā,</span> yasmā sakena diṭṭhirāgena te abhirattāti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Te suddhimagga</span>nti te aññatitthiyā akiliṭṭhamaggaṃ. <span class="bld">Visuddhimagga</span>nti niddosamaggaṃ. <span class="bld">Parisuddhimagga</span>nti sukkamaggaṃ. <span class="bld">Vodātamagga</span>nti paṇḍaramaggaṃ. <span class="bld">Pariyodātamagga</span>nti pabhāvantamaggaṃ. <span class="bld">Viraddhā</span>ti vuttavidhinā maggena virajjhitvā ṭhitā. <span class="bld">Aparaddhā</span>ti aparajjhitvā ṭhitā. <span class="bld">Khalitā</span>ti <a name="P2.0364"></a> parihīnā. <span class="bld">Galitā</span>ti tato bhaṭṭhā. <span class="bld">Aññāyā</span>ti aññāṇena. <span class="bld">Aparaddhā</span>ti parājayamāpannā. Atha vā ‘‘ñāyāparaddhā’’tipi pāṭho. Ñāyena maggena viraddhāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para127"></a><span class="paranum">127</span>. Evaṃ abhirattā ca – <span class="bld">idheva suddhi</span>nti gāthā. Tattha <span class="bld">sakāyane</span>ti sakamagge. <span class="bld">Daḷhaṃ vadānā</span>ti daḷhavādā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Thiravādā</span>ti sanniṭṭhānavādā. <span class="bld">Balikavādā</span>ti balavantavādā. <span class="bld">Avaṭṭhitavādā</span>ti patiṭṭhahitvā kathitavādā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para128"></a><span class="paranum">128</span>. Ye evañca daḷhavādā, tesu yo koci titthiyo sakāyane vāpi daḷhaṃ vadāno <span class="bld">kamettha bāloti paraṃ daheyya,</span> saṅkhepato tattha sassatucchedasaṅkhāte vitthārato natthikaissarakārakaniyatiādibhede sake ayane ‘‘idameva sacca’’nti daḷhaṃ vadāno kaṃ paraṃ ettha diṭṭhigate <a name="V0.0294"></a> ‘‘bālo’’ti saha dhammena passeyya, nanu sabbopi tassa matena paṇḍito <a name="M0.0320"></a> eva suppaṭipanno eva ca. Evaṃ sante <span class="bld">sayameva so medhagamāvaheyya, paraṃ vadaṃ bālamasuddhidhammaṃ</span>. Sopi paraṃ ‘‘bālo ca asuddhidhammo ca aya’’nti vadanto attanāva kalahaṃ āvaheyya. Kasmā? Yasmā sabbopi tassa matena paṇḍitoyeva suppaṭipannoyeva ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para129"></a><span class="paranum">129</span>. Evaṃ sabbathāpi <span class="bld">vinicchaye ṭhatvā sayaṃ pamāya, uddhaṃ sa lokasmiṃ vivādametī</span>ti diṭṭhiyā ṭhatvā sayañca satthārādiṃ minitvā so bhiyyo vivādametīti. Evaṃ pana vinicchayesu ādīnavaṃ ñatvā ariyamaggena <span class="bld">hitvāna sabbāni vinicchayāni, na medhagaṃ kubbati jantu loke</span>ti arahattanikūṭena desanaṃ niṭṭhāpesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sayaṃ pamāyā</span>ti attanā minitvā. <span class="bld">Paminitvā</span>ti pamāṇaṃ katvā. ‘‘Pavinetvā’’tipi pāṭho, taṃ na sundaraṃ. <span class="bld">Uddhaṃ vādena saddhi</span>nti attano upari kathentena saha. Desanāpariyosāne purābhedasutte (mahāni. 83) vuttasadiso eva abhisamayo ahosīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Saddhammappajjotikāya mahāniddesaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Cūḷabyūhasuttaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter">13. Mahābyūhasuttaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para130"></a><span class="paranum">130</span>. Terasame <a name="P2.0365"></a><a name="V0.0295"></a> mahābyūhasuttaniddese <span class="bld">ye kecime diṭṭhiparibbasānā</span>ti idampi ‘‘kiṃ nu kho ime diṭṭhiparibbasānā viññūnaṃ santikā nindameva labhanti, udāhu pasaṃsampī’’ti uppannacittānaṃ ekaccānaṃ devatānaṃ tamatthaṃ āvikātuṃ purimanayeneva nimmitabuddhena attānaṃ pucchāpetvā vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">anvānayantī</span>ti anu ānayanti punappunaṃ āharanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nindameva anventī</span>ti garahameva upagacchanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para131"></a><span class="paranum">131</span>. Idāni yasmā te ‘‘idameva sacca’’nti vadantāpi diṭṭhigatikavādino kadāci katthaci pasaṃsampi labhanti, yaṃ etaṃ pasaṃsāsaṅkhātaṃ vādaphalaṃ, taṃ appaṃ, rāgādīnaṃ samāya samatthaṃ na hoti, ko pana vādo dutiye nindāphale, tasmā <a name="M0.0321"></a> etamatthaṃ dassento imaṃ tāva vissajjanagāthaṃ āha <span class="bld">‘‘appañhi etaṃ na alaṃ samāya, duve vivādassa phalāni brūmī’’</span>ti. Tattha <span class="bld">duve vivādassa phalānī</span>ti nindā ca pasaṃsā ca jayaparājayādīni vā taṃsabhāgāni. <span class="bld">Etampi disvā</span>ti ‘‘nindā aniṭṭhā eva, pasaṃsā nālaṃ samāyā’’ti etampi vivādaphale ādīnavaṃ disvā. <span class="bld">Khemābhipassaṃ avivādabhūmi</span>nti avivādabhūmiṃ nibbānaṃ khemanti passamāno.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Appaka</span>nti mandaṃ. <span class="bld">Parittaka</span>nti thokaṃ. <span class="bld">Omaka</span>nti heṭṭhimakaṃ. <span class="bld">Lāmaka</span>nti pāpakaṃ. <span class="bld">Samāyā</span>ti rāgādīnaṃ samanatthāya. <span class="bld">Upasamāyā</span>ti uparūpari samanatthāya. <span class="bld">Vūpasamāyā</span>ti sannisīdāpanatthāya. <span class="bld">Nibbānāyā</span>ti amatamahānibbānatthāya. <span class="bld">Paṭinissaggāyā</span>ti maggena kilesānaṃ nissajjanatthāya. <span class="bld">Paṭipassaddhiyā</span>ti phalena paṭipassaddhānaṃ anuppajjanatthāya nālaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para132"></a><span class="paranum">132</span>. Evañhi avivādamāno – <span class="bld">yā kācimā</span>ti gāthā. Tattha<span class="bld"> sammutiyo</span>ti diṭṭhiyo. <span class="bld">Puthujjā</span>ti puthujjanasambhavā. <span class="bld">So</span> <a name="P2.0366"></a> <span class="bld">upayaṃ kimeyyā</span>ti so upagantabbaṭṭhena upayaṃ rūpādīsu ekampi <a name="V0.0296"></a> dhammaṃ kiṃ upeyya, kena vā kāraṇena upeyya. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhe sute khantimakubbamāno</span>ti diṭṭhasutasuddhīsu pemaṃ akaronto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Puthujjanehi janitā</span>ti puthujjanehi uppāditā. <span class="bld">Sammutiyo</span>ti diṭṭhiyo. <span class="bld">Puthu nānājanehi janitā vā</span>ti anekavidhehi diṭṭhigatikehi uppāditā vā. <span class="bld">Netī</span>ti na eti. <span class="bld">Na upetī</span>ti samīpaṃ na eti. <span class="bld">Na upagacchatī</span>ti nivattati. <span class="bld">Nābhinivisatī</span>ti pavisitvā nappatiṭṭhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para133"></a><span class="paranum">133</span>. Ito bāhirā pana – <span class="bld">sīluttamā</span>ti gāthā tassattho – sīlaṃyeva ‘‘uttama’’nti maññamānā <span class="bld">sīluttamā</span>ti eke bhonto saṃyamamattena <span class="bld">suddhiṃ</span> vadanti, hatthivatādiñca <span class="bld">vataṃ samādāya upaṭṭhitāse. Idheva</span> diṭṭhiyaṃ <span class="bld">assa</span> satthuno <span class="bld">suddhiṃ bhavūpanītā</span> bhavajjhositā samānā vadanti, api ca te <span class="bld">kusalāvadānā</span> ‘‘kusalā maya’’nti evaṃvādā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para134"></a><span class="paranum">134</span>. Evaṃ sīluttamesu ca tesu tathā paṭipanno yo koci – <span class="bld">sace cuto</span>ti gāthā. Tassattho – <span class="bld">sace</span> tato <span class="bld">sīlavatato</span> paravicchindanena vā anabhisambhuṇanto vā <span class="bld">cuto hoti,</span> so taṃ sīlabbatakammaṃ puññābhisaṅkhārādikammaṃ vā <span class="bld">virādhayitvā vedhatī</span>. Na kevalañca vedhati<a name="M0.0322"></a>, api ca kho taṃ sīlabbatasuddhiṃ <span class="bld">pajappatī</span> ca vippalapati ca <span class="bld">patthayatī</span> ca. Kimiva? <span class="bld">Satthāva hīno pavasaṃ gharamhā,</span> gharamhā pavasanto satthato hīno yathā taṃ gharaṃ vā satthaṃ vā patthayatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paravicchindanāya vā</span>ti parena vāriyamāno vā. <span class="bld">Anabhisambhuṇanto vā</span>ti taṃ paṭipattiṃ asampādento vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aññāya aparaddho</span>ti nibbānena parihīno maggato vā. <span class="bld">Taṃ vā satthaṃ anubandhatī</span>ti taṃ vā satthaṃ sabbattha pacchato gacchati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para135"></a><span class="paranum">135</span>. Evaṃ pana sīluttamānaṃ pavedhanakāraṇaṃ ariyasāvako <span class="bld">sīlabbataṃ vāpi pahāya sabba</span>nti gāthā. Tattha <span class="bld">sāvajjānavajja</span>nti sabbākusalaṃ lokiyakusalañca. <span class="bld">Etaṃ suddhiṃ asuddhinti</span> <a name="P2.0367"></a> <span class="bld">apatthayāno</span>ti pañcakāmaguṇādibhedaṃ suddhiṃ akusalādibhedaṃ asuddhiñca apatthayamāno. <span class="bld">Virato care</span>ti suddhiyā asuddhiyā ca virato careyya. <span class="bld">Santi manuggahāyā</span>ti diṭṭhiṃ aggahetvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kaṇhaṃ</span> <a name="V0.0297"></a> <span class="bld">kaṇhavipāka</span>nti akusalakammaṃ akusalavipākadāyakaṃ. <span class="bld">Sukkaṃ sukkavipāka</span>nti lokiyakusalaṃ attanā sadisaṃ sukkavipākadāyakaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Niyāmāvakkanti</span>nti maggapavisanaṃ. <span class="bld">Sekkhā</span>ti satta sekkhā. <span class="bld">Aggadhamma</span>nti uttamadhammaṃ, arahattaphalaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para136"></a><span class="paranum">136</span>. Evaṃ ito bāhirake sīluttame saṃyamena visuddhivāde tesañca vipākaṃ sīlabbatapahāyino arahato ca paṭipattiṃ dassetvā idāni aññathāpi suddhivāde bāhirake dassento <span class="bld">‘‘tamūpanissāyā’’</span>ti gāthamāha. Tassattho – santaññepi samaṇabrāhmaṇā, te <span class="bld">jigucchitaṃ</span> amarantapaṃ vā diṭṭhasuddhiādīsu vā aññataraññataraṃ <span class="bld">upanissāya</span>akiriyadiṭṭhiyā vā <span class="bld">uddhaṃsarā</span> hutvā <span class="bld">bhavābhavesu avītataṇhā suddhi’manutthunanti</span> vadanti kathentīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tapojigucchavādā</span>ti kāyapīḷanāditapena pāpahirīyanavādā. <span class="bld">Tapojigucchasārā</span>ti teneva tapena hirīyanasāravanto. <span class="bld">Uddhaṃsarāvādā</span>ti saṃsārena suddhiṃ kathayantā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para137"></a><span class="paranum">137</span>. Evaṃ <a name="M0.0323"></a> tesaṃ avītataṇhānaṃ suddhiṃ anutthunantānaṃ yopi suddhippattameva attānaṃ maññeyya, tassāpi avītataṇhattā bhavābhavesu taṃ taṃ vatthuṃ <span class="bld">patthayamānassa hi jappitāni</span> punappunaṃ hontiyevāti adhippāyo. Taṇhā hi āsevitā taṇhaṃ vaḍḍhayateva, na kevalañca jappitāni, <span class="bld">pavedhitaṃ vāpi pakappitesu,</span> taṇhādiṭṭhīhi cassa pakappitesu vatthūsu pavedhitampi hotīti vuttaṃ hoti. Bhavābhavesu pana vītataṇhattā āyatiṃ <span class="bld">cutūpapāto idha yassa natthi, sa kena vedheyya kuhiṃ va jappe</span>ti ayametissā gāthāya sambandho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āgamana</span>nti puna āgamanaṃ. <span class="bld">Gamana</span>nti ito aññattha gamanaṃ<a name="P2.0368"></a>. <span class="bld">Gamanāgamana</span>nti ito gantvā puna nivattanaṃ. <span class="bld">Kāla</span>nti maraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Gatī</span>ti gamanavasena gatiyā gantabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para138"></a><span class="paranum">138</span>. <span class="bld">Yamāhu dhamma</span>nti pucchāgāthā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para139"></a><span class="paranum">139</span>. Idāni yasmā ekopi ettha vādo sacco natthi, kevalaṃ diṭṭhimattakena hi te vadanti, tasmā tamatthaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘sakaṃ hī’’</span>ti imaṃ tāva vissajjanagāthamāha. Tattha <span class="bld">sammuti</span>nti diṭṭhiṃ. <span class="bld">Anoma</span>nti anūnaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para140"></a><span class="paranum">140</span>. Evametesu <a name="V0.0298"></a> sakaṃ dhammaṃ paripuṇṇaṃ brūvantesu aññassa dhammaṃ pana hīnanti vadantesu yassa kassaci – <span class="bld">parassa ce vambhayitena hīno</span>ti gāthā. Tassattho – yadi <span class="bld">parassa</span> ninditakāraṇā <span class="bld">hīno</span> bhaveyya, <span class="bld">na koci dhammesu visesi</span> aggo bhaveyya. Kiṃkāraṇā? <span class="bld">Puthū hi aññassa vadanti dhammaṃ nihīnato</span> sabbeva te <span class="bld">samhi daḷhaṃ vadānā</span>sakadhamme daḷhavādā eva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vambhayitakāraṇā</span>ti dhaṃsitakāraṇā. <span class="bld">Garahitakāraṇā</span>ti lāmakakatakāraṇā. <span class="bld">Upavaditakāraṇā</span>ti akkositakāraṇā. <span class="bld">Sakāyana</span>nti sakamaggaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para141"></a><span class="paranum">141</span>. Kiñca bhiyyo – <span class="bld">saddhammapūjā</span>ti gāthā. Tassattho – te ca titthiyā <span class="bld">yathā pasaṃsanti sakāyanāni, saddhammapūjāpi nesaṃ tatheva</span> vattati. Te hi ativiya satthārādīni sattaronti. Tattha yadi te pamāṇā siyuṃ, evaṃ sante <span class="bld">sabbeva vādā tathiyā bhaveyyuṃ</span>. Kiṃkāraṇā<a name="M0.0324"></a>? <span class="bld">Suddhī hi nesaṃ paccattameva</span>. Na sā aññattha sijjhati, nāpi paramatthato. Attani diṭṭhigāhamattameva hi taṃ tesaṃ parapaccayaneyyabuddhīnaṃ. <span class="bld">Paccattamevā</span>ti pāṭekkameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para142"></a><span class="paranum">142</span>. Yo pana viparītato bāhitapāpattā brāhmaṇo, tassa <span class="bld">na brāhmaṇassa paraneyyamatthī</span>ti gāthā. Tassattho – <span class="bld">brāhmaṇassa</span> hi ‘‘sabbe saṅkhārā aniccā’’tiādinā nayena sudiṭṭhattā parena netabbaṃ ñāṇaṃ natthi. Diṭṭhi<span class="bld">dhammesu</span> ‘‘idameva <a name="P2.0369"></a> sacca’’nti nicchinitvā <span class="bld">sumaggahīta</span>mpi natthi. Taṃkāraṇā so diṭṭhikalahāni atikkanto,<span class="bld"> na hi</span> so <span class="bld">seṭṭhato passati dhammamaññaṃ</span> aññatra satipaṭṭhānādīhi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na paraneyyo</span>ti parena netabbo jānāpetabbo na hoti. <span class="bld">Na parapattiyo na parapaccayo</span>ti paresaṃ paccetabbo na hoti. <span class="bld">Na parapaṭibaddhagū</span>ti paresaṃ paṭibaddhagamano na hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para143"></a><span class="paranum">143</span>. <span class="bld">Jānāmī</span>ti gāthāya sambandho attho ca – evaṃ tāva paramatthabrāhmaṇo na hi seṭṭhato passati dhammamaññaṃ, aññe pana titthiyā paracittañāṇādīhi jānantāpi passantāpi <span class="bld">‘‘jānāmi passāmi tatheva eta’’</span>nti evaṃ vadantāpi ca <span class="bld">diṭṭhiyā suddhiṃ paccenti</span>. Kasmā? Yasmā tesu ekopi adakkhi ce addasa cepi <span class="bld">tena</span> paracittañāṇādinā yathābhūtamatthaṃ, <span class="bld">kiñhi tumassa tena</span> tassa tena dassanena kiṃ kataṃ, kiṃ dukkhapariññā sādhitā, udāhu samudayappahānādīnaṃ aññataraṃ, yato sabbathāpi atikkamitvā ariyamaggaṃ te titthiyā aññeneva <a name="V0.0299"></a> <span class="bld">vadanti suddhiṃ,</span> atikkamitvā vā te titthiye buddhādayo aññeneva vadanti suddhinti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para144"></a><span class="paranum">144</span>. <span class="bld">Passaṃ naro</span>ti gāthāya sambandho attho ca – kiñca bhiyyo? Yvāyaṃ paracittañāṇādīhi addakkhi, so <span class="bld">passaṃ naro dakkhati nāmarūpaṃ,</span> na tato paraṃ, <span class="bld">disvāna vā ñassati tānimeva</span> nāmarūpāni niccato sukhato vā, na aññathā; so evaṃ passanto <span class="bld">kāmaṃ bahuṃ passatu appakaṃ vā</span> nāmarūpaṃ niccato sukhato ca athassa evarūpena dassanena <span class="bld">na hi tena suddhiṃ kusalā vadanti</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para145"></a><span class="paranum">145</span>. <span class="bld">Nivissavādī</span>ti <a name="M0.0325"></a> gāthāya sambandho attho ca – tena ca dassanena suddhiyā asatiyāpi yo ‘‘jānāmi passāmi tatheva eta’’nti evaṃ nivissavādī, etaṃ vā dassanaṃ paṭicca diṭṭhiyā suddhiṃ paccento ‘‘idameva sacca’’nti evaṃ nivissavādī, so <span class="bld">subbinayo</span> na hoti taṃ tathā <span class="bld">pakappitaṃ</span> abhisaṅkhataṃ <span class="bld">diṭṭhiṃ purakkharāno</span>. So hi <span class="bld">yaṃ</span> satthārādiṃ <span class="bld">nissito, tattheva subhaṃ vadāno suddhiṃ vado,</span> ‘‘parisuddhivādo <a name="P2.0370"></a> parisuddhidassano vā aha’’nti attānaṃ maññamāno <span class="bld">tattha tathaddasā so,</span> tattha sakāya diṭṭhiyā aviparītameva so addasa. Yathā sā diṭṭhi pavattati, tatheva taṃ addasa, na aññathā passituṃ icchatīti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nivissavādī</span>ti patiṭṭhahitvā kathento. <span class="bld">Dubbinayo</span>ti vinetuṃ dukkho. <span class="bld">Duppaññāpayo</span>ti ñāpetuṃ cittena labbhāpetuṃ dukkho. <span class="bld">Dunnijjhāpayo</span>ti cittena vīmaṃsitvā gahaṇatthaṃ punappunaṃ nijjhāpayituṃ dukkho. <span class="bld">Duppekkhāpayo</span>ti ikkhāpayituṃ dukkho. <span class="bld">Duppasādayo</span>ti citte pasādaṃ uppādetuṃ dukkho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Appassī</span>ti ñāṇena paṭivedhaṃ pāpuṇi. <span class="bld">Paṭivijjhī</span>ti cittena avabodhaṃ pāpuṇi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para146"></a><span class="paranum">146</span>. Evaṃ pakappitaṃ diṭṭhiṃ purakkharānesu titthiyesu – <span class="bld">na brāhmaṇo kappamupeti saṅkhā</span>ti gāthā. Tattha <span class="bld">saṅkhā</span>ti saṅkhāya, jānitvāti attho. <span class="bld">Napi ñāṇabandhū</span>ti samāpattiñāṇādinā akatataṇhādiṭṭhibandhu. Tattha viggaho – nāpi assa ñāṇena kato bandhu atthīti napi ñāṇabandhu. <span class="bld">Sammutiyo</span>ti diṭṭhisammutiyo. <span class="bld">Puthujjā</span>ti puthujjanasambhavā. <span class="bld">Uggahaṇanti maññe</span>ti uggahaṇanti aññe, aññe tā sammutiyo uggaṇhantīti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upekkhatī</span>ti <a name="V0.0300"></a> upapattito apakkhapatito hutvā passati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para147"></a><span class="paranum">147</span>. Kiñca bhiyyo – <span class="bld">vissajja ganthānī</span>ti gāthā. Tattha <span class="bld">anuggaho</span>ti uggahaṇavirahito, sopi nāssa uggahoti anuggaho. Na vā uggaṇhātīti anuggaho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ganthe vossajjitvā</span>ti abhijjhādike ganthe cajitvā. <span class="bld">Vissajjā</span>ti puna anādiyanavasena jahitvā. <span class="bld">Gadhite</span>ti ghaṭite. <span class="bld">Ganthite</span>ti suttena saṅgahite viya ganthite. <span class="bld">Bandhe</span>ti suṭṭhu bandhe. <span class="bld">Vibandhe</span>ti vividhā bandhe. <span class="bld">Palibuddhe</span>ti <a name="M0.0326"></a> samantato bandhanena bandhe. <span class="bld">Bandhane</span>ti kilesabandhane. <span class="bld">Phoṭayitvā</span>ti papphoṭetvā. <span class="bld">Saccaṃ vissajjaṃ karontī</span>ti visaṅkharitvā aparibhogaṃ karonti. <span class="bld">Vikopentī</span>ti cuṇṇavicuṇṇaṃ karonti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para148"></a><span class="paranum">148</span>. Kiñca bhiyyo – so evarūpo – <span class="bld">pubbāsave</span>ti gāthā. Tattha <span class="bld">pubbāsave</span>ti atītarūpādīni ārabbha uppajjanadhammakilese<a name="P2.0371"></a>. <span class="bld">Nave</span>ti paccuppannarūpādīni ārabbha uppajjanadhamme. <span class="bld">Na chandagū</span>ti chandādivasena na gacchati. <span class="bld">Anattagarahī</span>ti katākatavasena attānaṃ agarahanto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para149"></a><span class="paranum">149</span>. Evaṃ anattagarahī ca – <span class="bld">sa sabbadhammesū</span>ti gāthā. Tattha <span class="bld">sabbadhammesū</span>ti dvāsaṭṭhidiṭṭhidhammesu ‘‘yaṃ kiñci diṭṭhaṃ vā’’ti evaṃpabhedesu. <span class="bld">Pannabhāro</span>ti patitabhāro. Na kappetīti <span class="bld">na kappiyo,</span> duvidhampi kappaṃ na karotīti attho. <span class="bld">Nūparato</span>ti puthujjanakalyāṇakasekkhā viya uparatisamaṅgīpi no hoti. <span class="bld">Na patthiyo</span>ti nittaṇho. Taṇhā hi patthayatīti patthiyā, nāssa patthiyāti na patthiyo. Ito parañca heṭṭhā ca tattha tattha vuttanayattā uttānatthameva. Evaṃ arahattanikūṭeneva desanaṃ niṭṭhāpesi, desanāpariyosāne purābhedasutte (mahāni. 83) vuttasadiso eva abhisamayo ahosīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Saddhammappajjotikāya mahāniddesaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Mahābyūhasuttaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter">14. Tuvaṭakasuttaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para150"></a><span class="paranum">150</span>. Cuddasame <a name="V0.0301"></a><a name="P2.0372"></a> tuvaṭakasuttaniddese <span class="bld">pucchāmi ta</span>nti idampi tasmiṃyeva mahāsamaye ‘‘kā nu kho arahattappattiyā paṭipattī’’ti uppannacittānaṃ ekaccānaṃ devatānaṃ tamatthaṃ pakāsetuṃ purimanayeneva nimmitabuddhena attānaṃ pucchāpetvā vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha ādipucchāgāthāya tāva <span class="bld">pucchāmī</span>ti ettha adiṭṭhajotanādivasena pucchā vibhajitā. <span class="bld">Ādiccabandhū</span>ti ādiccassa gottabandhu. <span class="bld">Vivekaṃ</span> <a name="M0.0327"></a> <span class="bld">santipadañcā</span>ti vivekañca santipadañca. <span class="bld">Kathaṃ disvā</span>ti kena kāraṇena disvā, kathaṃ pavattadassano hutvāti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tisso pucchā</span>ti gaṇanaparicchedo. <span class="bld">Adiṭṭhajotanā</span>ti yaṃ na diṭṭhaṃ na paṭividdhaṃ, tassa pākaṭakaraṇatthāya pucchā. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhasaṃsandanā</span>ti yaṃ ñāṇacakkhunā diṭṭhaṃ, tassa ghaṭanatthāya. <span class="bld">Vimaticchedanā</span>ti yā kaṅkhā, tassācchedanatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Pakatiyā lakkhaṇaṃ aññāta</span>nti dhammānaṃ tathalakkhaṇaṃ pakatiyā na ñātaṃ. <span class="bld">Adiṭṭha</span>nti na diṭṭhaṃ. ‘‘Na niṭṭha’’ntipi pāṭho. <span class="bld">Atulita</span>nti tulāya tulitaṃ viya na tulitaṃ. <span class="bld">Atīrita</span>nti tīraṇāya na tīritaṃ. <span class="bld">Avibhūta</span>nti na pākaṭaṃ. <span class="bld">Avibhāvita</span>nti paññāya na vaḍḍhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Tassa ñāṇāyā</span>ti tassa dhammassa lakkhaṇajānanatthāya. <span class="bld">Dassanāyā</span>ti dassanatthāya. <span class="bld">Tulanāyā</span>ti tulanatthāya. <span class="bld">Tīraṇāyā</span>ti tīraṇatthāya. <span class="bld">Vibhāvanāyā</span>ti vibhāgakaraṇatthāya. <span class="bld">Aññehi paṇḍitehī</span>ti aññehi buddhisampannehi. <span class="bld">Saṃsayapakkhando</span>ti sandehaṃ paviṭṭho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Manussapucchā</span>ti manussānaṃ pucchā. <span class="bld">Amanussapucchā</span>ti nāgasupaṇṇādīnaṃ pucchā. <span class="bld">Gahaṭṭhā</span>ti avasesagahaṭṭhā. <span class="bld">Pabbajitā</span>ti liṅgavasena vuttā. <span class="bld">Nāgā</span>ti suphassādayo nāgā. <span class="bld">Supaṇṇā</span>ti supaṇṇasaṃyuttavasena (saṃ. ni. 3.392 ādayo). <span class="bld">Yakkhā</span>ti yakkhasaṃyuttavasena (saṃ. ni. 10.235 ādayo) ca veditabbā<a name="P2.0373"></a>. <span class="bld">Asurā</span>ti pahārādādayo. <span class="bld">Gandhabbā</span>ti pañcasikhagandhabbaputtādayo<a name="V0.0302"></a>. <span class="bld">Mahārājāno</span>ti cattāro mahārājāno. <span class="bld">Ahīnindriya</span>nti saṇṭhānavasena avikalindriyaṃ. <span class="bld">So nimmito</span>ti so bhagavatā nimmito buddho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vodānatthapucchā</span>ti visesadhammapucchā. <span class="bld">Atītapucchā</span>ti atīte dhamme ārabbha pucchā. <span class="bld">Anāgatā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Kusalapucchā</span>ti anavajjadhammapucchā. <span class="bld">Akusalapucchā</span>ti sāvajjadhammapucchā. <span class="bld">Abyākatapucchā</span>ti tadubhayaviparītadhammapucchā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ajjhesāmi ta</span>nti taṃ āṇāpemi. <span class="bld">Kathayassu me</span>ti mayhaṃ kathehi. <span class="bld">Gottañātako</span>ti gottena ñātako. <span class="bld">Gottabandhū</span>ti gottajjhattiko. <span class="bld">Ekenākārenā</span>ti ekena koṭṭhāsena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Santipada</span>nti santisaṅkhātaṃ nibbānapadaṃ. <span class="bld">Ye dhammā santādhigamāyā</span>ti ye satipaṭṭhānādayo dhammā nibbānapaṭilābhatthāya. <span class="bld">Santiphusanāyā</span>ti ñāṇaphassena <a name="M0.0328"></a> nibbānaphusanatthāya. <span class="bld">Sacchikiriyāyā</span>ti paccakkhakaraṇatthāya. <span class="bld">Mahantaṃ sīlakkhandha</span>nti mahantaṃ sīlarāsiṃ. <span class="bld">Samādhikkhandhā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo. Sīlakkhandhādayo lokiyalokuttarā, vimuttiñāṇadassanaṃ lokiyameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tamokāyassa padālana</span>nti avijjārāsissa viddhaṃsanaṃ. <span class="bld">Vipallāsassa bhedana</span>nti catubbidhavipallāsassa bhedanaṃ. <span class="bld">Taṇhāsallassa abbuhana</span>nti taṇhākaṇṭakassa luñcanaṃ. <span class="bld">Abhisaṅkhārassa vūpasama</span>nti puññādiabhisaṅkhārassa nibbāpanaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhārassa nikkhepana</span>nti pañcakkhandhabhārassa ṭhapanaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṃsāravaṭṭassa upacchedana</span>nti saṃsārapavattassa chedanaṃ. <span class="bld">Santāpassa nibbāpana</span>nti kilesasantāpassa nibbuti. <span class="bld">Pariḷāhassa paṭipassaddhi</span>nti kilesadarathassa sannisīdanaṃ. <span class="bld">Devadevo</span>ti devānaṃ atidevo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para151"></a><span class="paranum">151</span>. Atha bhagavā yasmā yathā passanto kilese uparundhati, tathā disvā tathā pavattadassano hutvā parinibbāti, tasmā tamatthaṃ āvikaronto nānappakārena taṃ devaparisaṃ kilesappahāne <a name="P2.0374"></a> niyojento <span class="bld">‘‘mūlaṃ papañcasaṅkhāyā’’</span>ti ārabhitvā pañca gāthā abhāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha ādigāthāya tāva saṅkhepattho – <span class="bld">papañcasaṅkhā</span>ti papañcāti saṅkhātattā papañcā eva papañcasaṅkhā. Tassā avijjādayo kilesā mūlaṃ, taṃ papañcasaṅkhāya mūlaṃ <span class="bld">asmī</span>ti pavattamānañca <a name="V0.0303"></a> sabbaṃ mantāya <span class="bld">uparundhe. Yā kāci ajjhattaṃ taṇhā</span> uppajjeyyuṃ. <span class="bld">Tāsaṃ vinayāya</span> pahānāya <span class="bld">sadā sato sikkhe</span> upaṭṭhitassati hutvā sikkheyyāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ajjhattasamuṭṭhānā vā</span>ti citte uppannā vā. <span class="bld">Purebhatta</span>nti divābhattato purekālaṃ. Accantasaṃyogatthe upayogavacanaṃ, atthato pana bhummameva purebhatteti, esa nayo pacchābhattādīsu. <span class="bld">Pacchābhatta</span>nti divābhattato pacchākālaṃ. <span class="bld">Purimaṃ yāma</span>nti rattiyā paṭhamakoṭṭhāsaṃ. <span class="bld">Majjhimaṃ yāma</span>nti rattiyā dutiyakoṭṭhāsaṃ. <span class="bld">Pacchimaṃ yāma</span>nti rattiyā tatiyakoṭṭhāsaṃ. <span class="bld">Kāḷe</span>ti kāḷapakkhe. <span class="bld">Juṇhe</span>ti sukkapakkhe. <span class="bld">Vasse</span>ti cattāro vassānamāse. <span class="bld">Hemante</span>ti cattāro hemantamāse. <span class="bld">Gimhe</span>ti cattāro gimhānamāse. <span class="bld">Purime vayokhandhe</span>ti paṭhame vayokoṭṭhāse, paṭhamavayeti attho. Tīsu ca vayesu vassasatāyukassa purisassa ekekasmiṃ vaye catumāsādhikāni tettiṃsa vassāni honti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para152"></a><span class="paranum">152</span>. Evaṃ <a name="M0.0329"></a> paṭhamagāthāya tāva tīhi sikkhāhi yuttaṃ desanaṃ arahattanikūṭena desetvā puna mānappahānavasena desetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ kiñcī’’</span>ti gāthamāha. Tattha <span class="bld">yaṃ kiñci dhammamabhijaññā ajjhatta</span>nti yaṃ kiñci uccākulīnatādikaṃ attano guṇaṃ jāneyya. <span class="bld">Atha vāpi bahiddhā</span>ti atha vā bahiddhāpi ācariyupajjhāyānaṃ vā guṇaṃ jāneyya. <span class="bld">Na tena thāmaṃ kubbethā</span>ti tena guṇena mānaṃ na kareyya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Satāna</span>nti santaguṇavantānaṃ. <span class="bld">Santāna</span>nti nibbutasantānaṃ. <span class="bld">Na vuttā</span>ti na kathitā. <span class="bld">Nappavuttā</span>ti na vissajjitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para153"></a><span class="paranum">153</span>. Idānissa akaraṇavidhiṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘seyyo na tenā’’</span>ti gāthamāha. Tassattho – <span class="bld">tena</span> ca mānena ‘‘seyyoha’’nti vā ‘‘nīcoha’’nti <a name="P2.0375"></a> vā ‘‘sarikkhoha’’nti vāpi <span class="bld">na maññeyya</span>. Tehi ca uccākulīnatādīhi guṇehi <span class="bld">phuṭṭho anekarūpehi</span> ‘‘ahaṃ uccā kulā pabbajito’’tiādinā nayena attānaṃ vikappento na tiṭṭheyyāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para154"></a><span class="paranum">154</span>. Evaṃ mānappahānavasenapi desetvā idāni sabbakilesūpasamavasena desetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ajjhattamevā’’</span>ti gāthamāha. Tattha <span class="bld">ajjhattamevupasame</span>ti attani eva rāgādisabbakilese upasameyya. <span class="bld">Na aññato bhikkhu santimeseyyā</span>ti ṭhapetvā ca satipaṭṭhānādīni aññena upāyena santiṃ na pariyeseyya. <span class="bld">Kuto nirattā vā</span>ti nirattā kutoyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na</span> <a name="V0.0304"></a> <span class="bld">eseyyā</span>ti sīlabbatādīhi na maggeyya. <span class="bld">Na gaveseyyā</span>ti na olokeyya. <span class="bld">Na pariyeseyyā</span>ti punappunaṃ na ikkheyya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para155"></a><span class="paranum">155</span>. Idāni ajjhattaṃ upasantassa khīṇāsavassa tādibhāvaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘majjhe yathā’’</span>ti gāthamāha. Tassattho – <span class="bld">yathā</span> mahā<span class="bld">samuddassa</span> upariheṭṭhimabhāgānaṃ vemajjhasaṅkhāte catuyojanasahassappamāṇe <span class="bld">majjhe</span> pabbatantare ṭhitassa vā majjhe samuddassa <span class="bld">ūmi no jāyati, ṭhito</span>va so <span class="bld">hoti</span> avikampamāno, <span class="bld">evaṃ</span> anejo khīṇāsavo lābhādīsu <span class="bld">ṭhito</span> assa avikampamāno, so tādiso rāgādi<span class="bld">ussadaṃ bhikkhu na kareyya kuhiñcī</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ubbedhenā</span>ti heṭṭhābhāgena. <span class="bld">Gambhīro</span>ti udakapiṭṭhito paṭṭhāya <span class="bld">caturāsītiyojanasahassāni</span> gambhīro. ‘‘Ubbedho’’tipi pāṭho, taṃ na <a name="M0.0330"></a> sundaraṃ. <span class="bld">Heṭṭhā</span>ti antoudakaṃ. <span class="bld">Uparī</span>ti uddhaṃudakaṃ. <span class="bld">Majjhe</span>ti vemajjhe. <span class="bld">Na kampatī</span>ti ṭhitaṭṭhānato na calati. <span class="bld">Na vikampatī</span>ti ito cito ca na calati. <span class="bld">Na calatī</span>ti niccalaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Na vedhatī</span>ti na phandati. <span class="bld">Nappavedhatī</span>ti na parivattati. <span class="bld">Na sampavedhatī</span>ti na paribbhamati. <span class="bld">Anerito</span>ti na erito. <span class="bld">Aghaṭṭito</span>ti akkhobho. <span class="bld">Acalito</span>ti na kampito. <span class="bld">Aluḷito</span>ti na kalalībhūto. <span class="bld">Tatra ūmi no jāyatī</span>ti tasmiṃ ṭhāne vīci na uppajjati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sattannaṃ pabbatānaṃ antarikāsū</span>ti yugandharādīnaṃ sattannaṃ pabbatānaṃ antarantarā. <span class="bld">Sīdantarā</span>ti antamaso simbalītūlampi tesu patitapatitaṃ sīdatīti sīdā, pabbatantare jātattā antarā. ‘‘Antarasīdā’’tipi pāṭho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para156"></a><span class="paranum">156</span>. Idāni <a name="P2.0376"></a> evaṃ arahattanikūṭena desitaṃ dhammadesanaṃ abbhānumodento tassa ca arahattassa ādipaṭipadaṃ pucchanto nimmitabuddho <span class="bld">‘‘akittayī’’</span>ti gāthamāha. Tattha <span class="bld">akittayī</span>ti ācikkhi. <span class="bld">Vivaṭacakkhū</span>ti vivaṭehi anāvaraṇehi pañcahi cakkhūhi samannāgato. <span class="bld">Sakkhidhamma</span>nti sakāyattaṃ sayaṃ abhiññātaṃ attapaccakkhadhammaṃ. <span class="bld">Parissayavinaya</span>nti parissayavinayanaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭipadaṃ vadehī</span>ti idāni paṭipattiṃ vadehi. <span class="bld">Bhaddante</span>ti bhaddaṃ tava atthūti bhagavantaṃ ālapanto āha. Atha vā bhaddaṃ sundaraṃ tava paṭipadaṃ vadehītipi vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Pātimokkhaṃ atha vāpi samādhi</span>nti tameva paṭipadaṃ bhinditvā pucchati. Paṭipadanti etena vā maggaṃ pucchati. Itarehi sīlaṃ samādhiñca pucchati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Maṃsacakkhunāpī</span>ti <a name="V0.0305"></a> sasambhārikamaṃsacakkhunāpi. <span class="bld">Dibbacakkhunāpī</span>ti dibbasadisattā dibbaṃ. Devānañhi sucaritakammanibbattaṃ pittasemharuhirādīhi apalibuddhaṃ upakkilesavinimuttatāya dūrepi ārammaṇasampaṭicchanasamatthaṃ dibbaṃ pasādacakkhu hoti. Idañcāpi vīriyabhāvanābalanibbattaṃ ñāṇacakkhu tādisamevāti dibbasadisattā dibbaṃ. Dibbavihāravasena paṭiladdhattā, attanā ca dibbavihārasannissitattāpi dibbaṃ. Ālokapariggahena mahājutikattāpi dibbaṃ. Tirokuṭṭādigatarūpadassanena mahāgatikattāpi dibbaṃ. Taṃ sabbaṃ saddasatthānusārena veditabbaṃ. Dassanaṭṭhena cakkhu, cakkhukiccakaraṇena cakkhumivātipi cakkhu, dibbañca taṃ cakkhu cāti dibbacakkhu. Tena dibbacakkhunāpi vivaṭacakkhu. Idāni pañcavidhaṃ cakkhuṃ vitthārena kathetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kathaṃ bhagavā maṃsacakkhunāpi</span> <span class="bld">vivaṭacakkhū’’</span>tiādimāha<a name="M0.0331"></a>. <span class="bld">Maṃsacakkhumhi bhagavato pañcavaṇṇā saṃvijjantī</span>ti ettha sasambhārādikacakkhumhi buddhassa bhagavato pañca koṭṭhāsā paccekaṃ paccekaṃ upalabbhanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nīlo ca vaṇṇo</span>ti umāpupphavaṇṇo. <span class="bld">Pītako ca vaṇṇo</span>ti kaṇikārapupphavaṇṇo. <span class="bld">Lohitako ca vaṇṇo</span>ti indagopakavaṇṇo. <span class="bld">Kaṇho ca vaṇṇo</span>ti añjanavaṇṇo. <span class="bld">Odāto ca vaṇṇo</span>ti osadhitārakavaṇṇo. <span class="bld">Yattha ca akkhilomāni patiṭṭhitānī</span>ti yasmiṃ ṭhāne akkhilomāni patiṭṭhahitvā <a name="P2.0377"></a> uṭṭhitāni. <span class="bld">Taṃ nīlaṃ hoti sunīla</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">nīla</span>nti sabbasaṅgāhakavasena vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sunīla</span>nti antaravirahitaṃ suṭṭhu nīlaṃ. <span class="bld">Pāsādika</span>nti pasādajanakaṃ. <span class="bld">Dassaneyya</span>nti dassanīyaṃ. <span class="bld">Umāpupphasamāna</span>nti dakasītalapupphasadisaṃ. <span class="bld">Tassa parato</span>ti tassa samantā bāhirapasse. <span class="bld">Pītaka</span>nti sabbasaṅgāhakaṃ. <span class="bld">Supītaka</span>nti antaravirahitaṃ suṭṭhu pītakaṃ. <span class="bld">Ubhayato ca akkhikūṭānī</span>ti dve ca akkhikoṭiyo. <span class="bld">Lohitakānī</span>ti sabbasaṅgāhakavasena vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sulohitakānī</span>ti apaññāyamānavivarāni suṭṭhu lohitakāni. <span class="bld">Majjhe kaṇha</span>nti akkhīnaṃ majjhimaṭṭhānaṃ añjanasadisaṃ kaṇhaṃ. <span class="bld">Sukaṇha</span>nti antaravirahitaṃ suṭṭhu kaṇhaṃ. <span class="bld">Alūkha</span>nti pāsādikaṃ. <span class="bld">Siniddha</span>nti paṇītaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhaddāriṭṭhakasamāna</span>nti apanītatacabhaddāriṭṭhakaphalasadisaṃ. ‘‘Addāriṭṭhakasamāna’’ntipi pāḷi, tassā tintakākasadisanti attho. <span class="bld">Odāta</span>nti sabbasaṅgāhakavasena vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Suodāta</span>nti antaravirahitaṃ rajatamaṇḍalasadisaṃ suṭṭhu odātaṃ. <span class="bld">Setaṃ paṇḍara</span>nti dvīhipi atiodātataṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Pākatikena maṃsacakkhunā</span>ti pakatimaṃsacakkhunā. <span class="bld">Attabhāvapariyāpannenā</span>ti attabhāvasannissitena. <span class="bld">Purimasucaritakammābhinibbattenā</span>ti purimesu tattha tatthuppannesu attabhāvesu kāyasucaritādikammunā uppāditena. <span class="bld">Samantā yojanaṃ passatī</span>ti samantato catugāvutappamāṇe yojane tirokuṭṭādigataṃ rūpaṃ āvaraṇavirahitaṃ pakatimaṃsacakkhunā dakkhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Divā</span> <a name="V0.0306"></a> <span class="bld">ceva rattiñcā</span>ti divasabhāge ca rattibhāge ca. <span class="bld">Caturaṅgasamannāgato</span>ti catūhi aṅgehi samannāgato paripuṇṇaandhakāro ālokavirahito. <span class="bld">Sūriyo vā atthaṅgato</span>ti sūrabhāvaṃ janayanto uṭṭhito sūriyo <a name="M0.0332"></a> vigato. <span class="bld">Kāḷapakkho ca uposatho</span>ti kāḷapakkhe cātuddasīuposathadivaso ca. <span class="bld">Tibbo ca vanasaṇḍo</span>ti gahano ca rukkharāsi. <span class="bld">Mahā ca kāḷamegho abbhuṭṭhito</span>ti mahanto kāḷamegho abbhapaṭalo ca uṭṭhito hoti. <span class="bld">Kuṭṭo vā</span>ti iṭṭhakācayo vā. <span class="bld">Kavāṭaṃ vā</span>ti dvāravātapānādikavāṭaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Pākāro vā</span>ti mattikādipākāro vā. <span class="bld">Pabbato vā</span>ti paṃsupabbatādipabbato vā. <span class="bld">Gacchaṃ vā</span>ti taruṇagacchādigacchaṃ vā<a name="P2.0378"></a>. <span class="bld">Latā vā</span>ti karavindādi latā vā. <span class="bld">Āvaraṇaṃ rūpānaṃ dassanāyā</span>ti rūpārammaṇānaṃ dassanatthāya paṭisedhaṃ natthi. <span class="bld">Ekañce tilaphalaṃ nimittaṃ katvā</span>ti sace ekaṃ tilabījaṃ saññāṇaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Tilavāhe pakkhipeyyā</span>ti dve sakaṭe tilarāsimhi khipeyya. Keci pana ‘‘vāho nāma kumbhātirekadvesakaṭa’’nti vadanti. <span class="bld">Taññeva tilaphalaṃ uddhareyyā</span>ti taṃnimittakataṃ tilabījaṃyeva uddharitvā gaṇheyya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dibbena cakkhunā</span>ti idaṃ vuttatthameva. <span class="bld">Visuddhenā</span>ti cutūpapātadassanena diṭṭhivisuddhihetuttā visuddhena. Yo hi cutimattameva passati na upapātaṃ, so ucchedadiṭṭhiṃ gaṇhāti. Yo upapātameva passati na cutiṃ, so navasattapātubhāvasassatadiṭṭhiṃ gaṇhāti. Yo pana tadubhayaṃ passati, so yasmā duvidhampi taṃ diṭṭhigataṃ ativattati, tasmāssa taṃ dassanaṃ diṭṭhivisuddhihetu hoti, ubhayañcetaṃ buddhaputtā passanti. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘cutūpapātadassanena diṭṭhivisuddhihetuttā visuddha’’nti. Manussūpacāraṃ atikkamitvā rūpadassanena atikkantamānusakaṃ, mānusakaṃ vā maṃsacakkhuṃ atikkantattā atikkantamānusakanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tena dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena <span class="bld">atikkantamānusakena satte passatī</span>ti manussamaṃsacakkhunā viya satte oloketi. <span class="bld">Cavamāne upapajjamāne</span>ti ettha cutikkhaṇe upapattikkhaṇe vā dibbacakkhunā daṭṭhuṃ na sakkā. Ye pana āsannacutikā idāni cavissanti, te cavamānā. Ye ca gahitapaṭisandhikā sampatinibbattāva, te upapajjamānāti adhippetā. Te evarūpe cavamāne upapajjamāne ca passatīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Hīne</span>ti mohanissandayuttattā hīne. Tabbiparīte <span class="bld">paṇīte. Suvaṇṇe</span>ti adosanissandayuttattā iṭṭhakantamanāpavaṇṇayutte. Tabbiparīte <span class="bld">dubbaṇṇe,</span> abhirūpe virūpeti attho. <span class="bld">Sugate</span>ti sugatigate, alobhanissandayuttattā vā aḍḍhe mahaddhane. <span class="bld">Duggate</span>ti <a name="M0.0333"></a> duggatigate, lobhanissandayuttattā vā dalidde appannapāne. <span class="bld">Yathākammūpage</span>ti yaṃ yaṃ kammaṃ upacitaṃ, tena tena upagate<a name="V0.0307"></a>. Tattha purimehi ‘‘cavamāne’’tiādīhi dibbacakkhukiccaṃ vuttaṃ<a name="P2.0379"></a>. Iminā pana padena yathākammūpagañāṇakiccaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tassa ca ñāṇassa ayamuppattikkamo – idha bhikkhu heṭṭhānirayābhimukhaṃ ālokaṃ vaḍḍhetvā nerayike satte passati mahādukkhaṃ anubhavamāne, taṃ dassanaṃ dibbacakkhukiccameva. So evaṃ manasi karoti ‘‘kiṃ nu kho kammaṃ katvā ime sattā etaṃ dukkhaṃ anubhavantī’’ti, athassa ‘‘idaṃ nāma katvā’’ti taṃ kammārammaṇaṃ ñāṇaṃ uppajjati. Tathā uparidevalokābhimukhaṃ ālokaṃ vaḍḍhetvā nandanavana missakavana phārusakavanādīsu satte passati mahāsampattiṃ anubhavamāne. Tampi dassanaṃ dibbacakkhukiccameva. So evaṃ manasi karoti ‘‘kiṃ nu kho kammaṃ katvā ime sattā etaṃ sampattiṃ anubhavantī’’ti. Athassa ‘‘idaṃ nāma katvā’’ti taṃ kammārammaṇaṃ ñāṇamuppajjati. Idaṃ yathākammūpagañāṇaṃ nāma. Imassa visuṃ parikammaṃ nāma natthi. Yathā ca imassa, evaṃ anāgataṃsañāṇassāpi. Dibbacakkhupādakāneva hi imāni dibbacakkhunā saheva ijjhanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ime vata bhonto</span>tiādīsu <span class="bld">ime</span>ti dibbacakkhunā diṭṭhānaṃ nidassanavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Vatā</span>ti anusocanatthe nipāto. <span class="bld">Bhonto</span>ti bhavanto. Duṭṭhu caritaṃ, duṭṭhuṃ vā caritaṃ kilesapūtikattāti duccaritaṃ; kāyena duccaritaṃ, kāyato vā uppannaṃ duccaritanti <span class="bld">kāyaduccaritaṃ</span>. Itaresupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Samannāgatā</span>ti samaṅgībhūtā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ariyānaṃ upavādakā</span>ti buddhapaccekabuddhabuddhasāvakānaṃ ariyānaṃ antamaso gihisotāpannānampi anatthakāmā hutvā antimavatthunā vā guṇaparidhaṃsanena vā upavādakā, akkosakā garahakāti vuttaṃ hoti. Tattha ‘‘natthi imesaṃ samaṇadhammo, assamaṇā ete’’ti vadanto antimavatthunā upavadati. ‘‘Natthi imesaṃ jhānaṃ vā vimokkho vā maggo vā phalaṃ vā’’tiādīni vadanto guṇaparidhaṃsanena upavadatīti veditabbo. So ca jhānaṃ vā upavadeyya ajhānaṃ vā, ubhayathāpi ariyūpavādova hoti; atibhāriyaṃ kammaṃ, anantariyakammasadisaṃ, saggāvaraṇaṃ maggāvaraṇañca, satekicchaṃ pana hoti. Tasmā yo ariyaṃ upavadati, tena gantvā sace attanā vuḍḍhataro hoti<a name="P2.0380"></a>, ukkuṭikaṃ nisīditvā ‘‘ahaṃ āyasmantaṃ <a name="M0.0334"></a> idañcidañca avacaṃ, taṃ me khamāhī’’ti khamāpetabbo. Sace pana navakataro hoti, vanditvā ukkuṭikaṃ nisīditvā añjaliṃ paggahetvā ‘‘ahaṃ, bhante, tumhe idañcidañca avacaṃ, taṃ me khamathā’’ti khamāpetabbo. Sace so nakkhamati, disāpakkanto vā hoti, sayaṃ vā gantvā saddhivihārike vā <a name="V0.0308"></a> pesetvā khamāpetabbo. Sace nāpi gantuṃ na pesetuṃ sakkā hoti, ye tasmiṃ vihāre bhikkhū vasanti, tesaṃ santikaṃ gantvā sace navakatarā honti, ukkuṭikaṃ nisīditvā sace vuḍḍhatarā, vuḍḍhe vuttanayeneva paṭipajjitvā ‘‘ahaṃ, bhante, asukaṃ nāma āyasmantaṃ idañcidañca avacaṃ, taṃ khamatu me so āyasmā’’ti vatvā khamāpetabbo. Sammukhā akhamantepi etadeva kātabbaṃ. Sace ekacārikabhikkhu hoti, neva tassa vasanaṭṭhānaṃ na gataṭṭhānaṃ paññāyati, ekassa paṇḍitassa bhikkhuno santikaṃ gantvā ‘‘ahaṃ, bhante, asukaṃ nāma āyasmantaṃ idañcidañca avacaṃ, taṃ me anussarato anussarato vippaṭisāro hoti, kiṃ karomī’’ti vattabbaṃ. So vakkhati ‘‘tumhe mā cintayittha, thero tumhākaṃ khamati, cittaṃ vūpasamethā’’ti. Tenapi ariyassa gatadisābhimukhena añjaliṃ paggahetvā ‘‘khamathā’’ti vattabbaṃ. Yadi so parinibbuto hoti, parinibbutamañcaṭṭhānaṃ gantvā yāva sivathikaṃ gantvāpi khamāpetabbo. Evaṃ kate neva saggāvaraṇaṃ na maggāvaraṇaṃ hoti, pākatikameva hotīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Micchādiṭṭhikā</span>ti viparītadassanā. <span class="bld">Micchādiṭṭhikammasamādānā</span>ti micchādiṭṭhivasena samādinnanānāvidhakammā, ye ca micchādiṭṭhimūlakesu kāyakammādīsu aññepi samādapenti. Ettha ca vacīduccaritaggahaṇeneva ariyūpavāde, manoduccaritaggahaṇena ca micchādiṭṭhiyā saṅgahitāyapi imesaṃ dvinnaṃ punavacanaṃ mahāsāvajjabhāvadassanatthanti veditabbaṃ. Mahāsāvajjo hi ariyūpavādo ānantariyasadiso. Vuttampi cetaṃ –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Seyyathāpi, sāriputta, bhikkhu sīlasampanno samādhisampanno paññāsampanno diṭṭheva dhamme aññaṃ ārādheyya, evaṃsampadamidaṃ, sāriputta, vadāmi. Taṃ vācaṃ appahāya taṃ cittaṃ appahāya taṃ diṭṭhiṃ appaṭinissajjitvā yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ <a name="P2.0381"></a> niraye’’ti (ma. ni. 1.149).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Micchādiṭṭhito ca mahāsāvajjataraṃ nāma aññaṃ natthi. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Nāhaṃ<a name="M0.0335"></a>, bhikkhave, aññaṃ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi, yaṃ evaṃmahāsāvajjaṃ yathayidaṃ, bhikkhave, micchādiṭṭhi. Micchādiṭṭhiparamāni bhikkhave, mahāsāvajjānī’’ti (a. ni. 1.310).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāyassa bhedā</span>ti upādinnakkhandhapariccāgā. <span class="bld">Paraṃ maraṇā</span>ti tadanantarābhinibbattakkhandhaggahaṇe<a name="V0.0309"></a>. Atha vā <span class="bld">kāyassa bhedā</span>ti jīvitindriyassupacchedā. <span class="bld">Paraṃ maraṇā</span>ti cuticittato uddhaṃ. <span class="bld">Apāya</span>nti evamādi sabbaṃ nirayavevacanameva. Nirayo hi saggamokkhahetubhūtā puññasammatā ayā apetattā, sukhānaṃ vā āyassa abhāvā apāyo. Dukkhassa gati paṭisaraṇanti <span class="bld">duggati,</span> dosabahulatāya vā duṭṭhena kammunā nibbattā gatīti <span class="bld">duggati</span>. Vivasā nipatanti tattha dukkaṭakārinoti <span class="bld">vinipāto,</span> vinassantā vā ettha nipatanti sambhijjamānaṅgapaccaṅgātipi <span class="bld">vinipāto</span>. Natthi ettha assādasaññito ayoti <span class="bld">nirayo</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha vā apāyaggahaṇena tiracchānayoniṃ dīpeti, tiracchānayoni hi apāyo sugatito apetattā. Na duggati, mahesakkhānaṃ nāgarājādīnaṃ sambhavato. Duggatiggahaṇena pettivisayaṃ dīpeti, so hi apāyo ceva duggati ca sukhato apetattā dukkhassa ca gatibhūtattā, na tu vinipāto, asurakāyasadisaṃ avinipatitattā. Vinipātaggahaṇena asurakāyaṃ dīpeti. So hi yathāvuttena atthena apāyo ceva duggati ca sabbasamussayehi ca vinipatitattā vinipātoti vuccati. Nirayaggahaṇena avīciādianekappakāraṃ nirayameva dīpetīti. <span class="bld">Upapannā</span>ti upagatā, tattha abhinibbattāti adhippāyo. Vuttavipariyāyena sukkapakkho veditabbo. Ayaṃ pana viseso – tattha sugatiggahaṇena manussagatipi saṅgayhati. Saggaggahaṇena devagatiyeva. Tattha sundarā gatīti <span class="bld">sugati</span>. Rūpādīhi visayehi suṭṭhu aggoti <span class="bld">saggo</span>. So sabbopi lujjanapalujjanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">loko</span>ti ayaṃ vacanattho. <span class="bld">Iti dibbena cakkhunā</span>tiādi sabbaṃ nigamanavacanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ dibbena cakkhunā passatīti ayamettha saṅkhepattho – dibbacakkhuñāṇaṃ <a name="P2.0382"></a> parittapaccuppannaajjhattabahiddhārammaṇavasena catūsu ārammaṇesu pavattati<a name="M0.0336"></a>. Yathākammūpagañāṇaṃ parittamahaggatātītaajjhattabahiddhārammaṇavasena pañcasu ārammaṇesu pavattati. Anāgataṃsañāṇaṃ parittamahaggataappamāṇamaggaanāgataajjhattabahiddhānavattabbārammaṇavasena aṭṭhasu ārammaṇesu pavattatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ākaṅkhamāno ca bhagavā</span>ti bhagavā icchamāno. <span class="bld">Ekampi lokadhātuṃ passeyyā</span>ti ekaṃ cakkavāḷaṃ olokeyya. <span class="bld">Sahassimpi cūḷanika</span>nti ettha yāvatā candimasūriyā pariharanti, disā bhānti virocamānā, tāva sahassadhā loko, esā sahassicūḷanikā nāma. <span class="bld">Cūḷanika</span>nti khuddakaṃ. <span class="bld">Dvisahassimpi majjhimikaṃ lokadhātu</span>nti ettha sahassacakkavāḷānaṃ sahassabhāgena gaṇetvā dasasatasahassacakkavāḷaparimāṇā dvisahassī majjhimikā lokadhātu nāma. Ettakena buddhānaṃ jātikkhettaṃ <a name="V0.0310"></a> nāma dassitaṃ. Bodhisattānañhi pacchimabhave devalokato cavitvā mātukucchiyaṃ paṭisandhiggahaṇadivase ca mātukucchito nikkhamanadivase ca mahābhinikkhamanadivase ca sambodhidhammacakkapavattanaāyusaṅkhārossajjanaparinibbānadivasesu ca ettakaṃ ṭhānaṃ kampati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tisahassimpi. Mahāsahassimpi lokadhātu</span>nti sahassito paṭṭhāya tatiyāti tisahassī, paṭhamasahassiṃ sahassadhā katvā gaṇitaṃ majjhimikaṃ sahassadhā katvā gaṇitattā mahantehi sahassehi gaṇitāti mahāsahassī. Ettāvatā koṭisatasahassacakkavāḷaparimāṇo loko dassito hoti. Gaṇakaputtatissatthero pana evamāha – ‘‘na hi tisahassimahāsahassilokadhātuyā etaṃ parimāṇaṃ<a name="P2.0383"></a>. Idañhi ācariyānaṃ sajjhāyamūlakaṃ vācāya parihīnaṭṭhānaṃ, dasakoṭisatasahassacakkavāḷaparimāṇaṃ pana ṭhānaṃ tisahassimahāsahassilokadhātu nāmā’’ti. Ettāvatā hi bhagavato āṇākkhettaṃ nāma dassitaṃ. Etasmiñhi antare āṭānāṭiyaparitta- (dī. ni. 3.275 ādayo) isigiliparitta- (ma. ni. 3.133 ādayo) dhajaggaparitta- (saṃ. ni. 1.249) bojjhaṅgaparittakhandhaparitta- (a. ni. 4.67) moraparitta- (jā. 1.2.17-18) mettaparitta- (khu. pā. 9.1 ādayo; su. ni. 143 ādayo) ratanaparittānaṃ (khu. pā. 6.1 ādayo; su. ni. 224 ādayo) āṇā pharati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yāvatakaṃ vā pana ākaṅkheyyā</span>ti yattakaṃ vā iccheyya. Iminā visayakkhettaṃ dassitaṃ. Buddhānañhi visayakkhettassa pamāṇaparicchedo nāma natthi<a name="M0.0337"></a>, natthikabhāve cassa imaṃ upamaṃ āharanti – koṭisatasahassacakkavāḷamhi yāva brahmalokā sāsapehi pūretvā sace koci puratthimāya disāya ekacakkavāḷe ekaṃ sāsapaṃ pakkhipanto āgaccheyya, sabbepi te sāsapā parikkhayaṃ gaccheyyuṃ. Na tveva puratthimāya disāya cakkavāḷāni. Dakkhiṇādīsupi eseva nayo. Tattha buddhānaṃ avisayo nāma natthi. <span class="bld">Tāvatakaṃ passeyyā</span>ti tattakaṃ olokeyya. Evaṃ parisuddhaṃ bhagavato dibbacakkhūti dibbacakkhukathaṃ niṭṭhāpesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kathaṃ bhagavā paññācakkhunāpi vivaṭacakkhū</span>ti kenappakārena paññācakkhunā apihitacakkhu? <span class="bld">Mahāpañño puthupañño</span>tiādikaṃ <span class="bld">tattha atirocati yadidaṃ paññāyā</span>ti pariyosānaṃ heṭṭhā vuttatthameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Buddhacakkhunā</span>ti indriyaparopariyattañāṇena ca āsayānusayañāṇena ca. Imesaṃ dvinnaṃ ñāṇānaṃ buddhacakkhūti nāmaṃ, sabbaññutaññāṇassa samantacakkhūti, tiṇṇaṃ maggañāṇānaṃ dhammacakkhūti<a name="V0.0311"></a>. <span class="bld">Lokaṃ volokento addasa satte</span>ti satte addakkhi. <span class="bld">Apparajakkhe</span>tiādīsu yesaṃ vuttanayeneva paññācakkhumhi rāgādirajaṃ appaṃ, te <span class="bld">apparajakkhā</span>. Yesaṃ taṃ mahantaṃ, te <span class="bld">mahārajakkhā</span>. Yesaṃ saddhādīni indriyāni tikkhāni, te <span class="bld">tikkhindriyā</span>. Yesaṃ tāni mudūni, te <span class="bld">mudindriyā</span>. Yesaṃ teyeva saddhādayo ākārā sundarā, te <span class="bld">svākārā</span>. Ye kathitakāraṇaṃ sallakkhenti, sukhena sakkā honti viññāpetuṃ te <span class="bld">suviññāpayā</span>. Ye paralokañceva vajjañca bhayato passanti, te <span class="bld">paralokavajjabhayadassāvino</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uppaliniya</span>nti <a name="P2.0384"></a> uppalavane. Itaresupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Antonimuggaposīnī</span>ti yāni antonimuggāneva posiyanti. <span class="bld">Udakaṃ accuggamma tiṭṭhantī</span>ti udakaṃ atikkamitvā tiṭṭhanti. Tattha yāni yāni accuggamma ṭhitāni, tāni tāni sūriyarasmisamphassaṃ āgamayamānāni ṭhitāni ajja pupphanakāni. Yāni samodakaṃ ṭhitāni, tāni sve pupphanakāni. Yāni udakā anuggatāni antonimuggaposīni, tāni tatiyadivaseva pupphanakāni. Udakā pana anuggatāni aññānipi sarogauppalāni nāma atthi, yāni neva pupphissanti, macchakacchapabhakkhāneva bhavissanti, tāni pāḷiṃ nārūḷhāni, āharitvā pana dīpetabbānīti dīpitāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yatheva <a name="M0.0338"></a> hi tāni catubbidhapupphāni, evameva ugghaṭitaññū vipañcitaññū neyyo padaparamoti cattāro puggalā. Yassa puggalassa udāhaṭavelāya dhammābhisamayo hoti, ayaṃ vuccati puggalo <span class="bld">ugghaṭitaññū</span>. Yassa puggalassa saṃkhittena bhāsitassa vitthārena atthe vibhajīyamāne dhammābhisamayo hoti, ayaṃ vuccati puggalo <span class="bld">vipañcitaññū</span>. Yassa puggalassa uddesato paripucchato yoniso manasikaroto kalyāṇamitte sevato bhajato payirupāsato dhammābhisamayo hoti, ayaṃ vuccati puggalo <span class="bld">neyyo</span>. Yassa puggalassa bahumpi suṇato bahumpi bhaṇato bahumpi dhārayato bahumpi vācato na tāya jātiyā dhammābhisamayo hoti, ayaṃ vuccati puggalo <span class="bld">padaparamo</span>. Tattha bhagavā uppalavanādisadisaṃ dasasahassilokadhātuṃ olokento ajja pupphanakāni ugghaṭitaññū, sve pupphanakāni vipañcitaññūti evaṃ sabbākārato ca addasa. Tattha tiṇṇaṃ puggalānaṃ imasmiṃyeva attabhāve bhagavato dhammadesanā atthaṃ sādheti, padaparamānaṃ anāgatatthāya vāsanā hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rāgacarito</span>tiādīsu rajjanavasena ārammaṇe caraṇaṃ etassa atthīti rāgacarito. Dussanavasena ārammaṇe caraṇaṃ etassa atthīti <span class="bld">dosacarito</span>. Muyhanavasena ārammaṇe caraṇaṃ etassa atthīti <span class="bld">mohacarito</span>. Vitakkanavasena ūhanavasena ārammaṇe caraṇaṃ etassa atthīti <span class="bld">vitakkacarito</span><a name="V0.0312"></a>. Okappanasaddhāvasena ārammaṇe caraṇaṃ etassa atthīti <span class="bld">saddhācarito</span>. Ñāṇameva caraṇaṃ, ñāṇena vā caraṇaṃ, ñāṇassa vā caraṇaṃ, ñāṇato vā caraṇaṃ etassa atthīti <span class="bld">ñāṇacarito. Rāgacaritassā</span>ti <a name="P2.0385"></a> rāgussadassa rāgabahulassa. Paratopi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Asubhakathaṃ kathetī</span>ti uddhumātakādidasavidhaṃ asubhapaṭisaṃyuttakathaṃ ācikkhati. Vuttañhetaṃ – ‘‘asubhā bhāvetabbā rāgassa pahānāyā’’ti (a. ni. 9.1). <span class="bld">Mettābhāvanaṃ ācikkhatī</span>ti mettābhāvanaṃ cittasinehanaṃ katheti. Vuttañhetaṃ – ‘‘mettā bhāvetabbā byāpādassa pahānāyā’’ti. <span class="bld">Uddese</span>ti sajjhāyane. <span class="bld">Paripucchāyā</span>ti aṭṭhakathāya. <span class="bld">Kālena dhammassavane</span>ti yuttappattakāle uttari pariyattidhammassavane. <span class="bld">Dhammasākacchāyā</span>ti aññehi saddhiṃ sākacchāya. <span class="bld">Garusaṃvāse</span>ti garūnaṃ payirupāsane. <span class="bld">Nivesetī</span>ti ācariyānaṃ santike patiṭṭhāpeti. <span class="bld">Ānāpānassatiṃ ācikkhatī</span>ti <a name="M0.0339"></a> ānāpānassatisampayuttakammaṭṭhānaṃ katheti. Vuttañhetaṃ – ‘‘ānāpānassati bhāvetabbā vitakkupacchedāyā’’ti (a. ni. 9.1). <span class="bld">Pasādanīyaṃ nimittaṃ ācikkhatī</span>ti cūḷavedalla- (ma. ni. 1.460 ādayo) mahāvedallā- (ma. ni. 1.449 ādayo) dipasādajanakaṃ suttaṃ katheti. <span class="bld">Buddhasubodhi</span>nti buddhassa bhagavato buddhattapaṭivedhaṃ. <span class="bld">Dhammasudhammata</span>nti navavidhalokuttaradhammassa svākkhātataṃ. <span class="bld">Saṅghasuppaṭipatti</span>nti aṭṭhavidhaariyasaṅghassa suppaṭipannatādisuṭṭhupaṭipattiṃ. <span class="bld">Sīlāni ca attano</span>ti attano santakasīlāni ca. <span class="bld">Ācikkhati vipassanānimitta</span>nti udayabbayādipaṭisaṃyuttaṃ katheti. <span class="bld">Aniccākāra</span>nti hutvā abhāvākāraṃ. <span class="bld">Dukkhākāra</span>nti udayabbayapaṭipīḷanākāraṃ. <span class="bld">Anattākāra</span>nti avasavattanākāraṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sele yathā pabbatamuddhaniṭṭhito</span>ti selamaye ekagghane pabbatamuddhani ṭhitova, na hi tattha ṭhitassa dassanatthaṃ abhimukhe gīvukkhipanapasāraṇādikiccaṃ atthi. <span class="bld">Tathūpama</span>nti tappaṭibhāgaṃ selapabbatūpamaṃ. Ayaṃ panettha saṅkhepattho – yathā selapabbatamuddhanti ṭhitova cakkhunā puriso <span class="bld">samantato janataṃ</span> passeyya. <span class="bld">Sumedha</span> sundarapañña sabbaññutaññāṇena <span class="bld">samantacakkhu</span> bhagavā <span class="bld">dhammamayaṃ</span> paññāmayaṃ <span class="bld">pāsādamāruyha</span> sayaṃ <span class="bld">apetasoko</span> <a name="P2.0386"></a> <span class="bld">sokāvatiṇṇaṃ jātijarābhibhūta</span>ñca <span class="bld">janataṃ avekkhassu</span> upadhārayatu upaparikkhatu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ayaṃ panettha adhippāyo – yathā hi pabbatapādasāmantā mahantaṃ khettaṃ katvā tattha kedārapāḷīsu kuṭiyo katvā rattiṃ aggiṃ jāleyya, caturaṅgasamannāgatañca andhakāraṃ assa, atha tassa pabbatassa matthake ṭhatvā cakkhumato purisassa bhūmiṃ olokayato neva khettaṃ na kedārapāḷiyo <a name="V0.0313"></a> na kuṭiyo na tattha sayitamanussā paññāyeyyuṃ, kuṭikāsu pana aggijālamattameva paññāyeyya. Evaṃ dhammapāsādaṃ āruyha sattakāyaṃ olokayato tathāgatassa ye te akatakalyāṇā sattā, te ekavihāre dakkhiṇajāṇupasse nisinnāpi buddhacakkhussa āpāthaṃ nāgacchanti, rattiṃ khittasarā viya honti. Ye pana katakalyāṇā veneyyapuggalā, te evassa dūrepi ṭhitā āpāthaṃ gacchanti, te eva aggi viya himavantapabbato viya ca. Vuttampi cetaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Dūre santo pakāsenti, himavantova pabbato;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Asantettha na dissanti, rattiṃ khittā yathā sarā’’ti. (dha. pa. 304; netti. 11);</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbaññutaññāṇa</span>nti <a name="M0.0340"></a> ettha pañcaneyyapathappabhedaṃ sabbaṃ aññāsīti sabbaññū. Saṅkhatāsaṅkhatādibhedā sabbadhammā hi saṅkhāro vikāro lakkhaṇaṃ nibbānaṃ paññattīti pañceva neyyapathā honti. Sabbaññussa bhāvo sabbaññutā, sabbaññutā eva ñāṇaṃ ‘‘sabbaññutāñāṇa’’nti vattabbe ‘‘sabbaññutaññāṇa’’nti vuttaṃ. Sabbaññūti ca kamasabbaññū sakiṃsabbaññū satatasabbaññū sattisabbaññū ñātasabbaññūti pañcavidhā sabbaññuno siyuṃ. Tesu kamena sabbajānanakālāsambhavato kamasabbaññutā na hoti, sakiṃ sabbārammaṇaggahaṇābhāvato sakiṃsabbaññutā na hoti, cakkhuviññāṇādīnaṃ yathārammaṇacittasambhavato bhavaṅgacittavirodhato yuttiabhāvato ca satatasabbaññutā na hoti, parisesato sabbajānanasamatthatāya <a name="P2.0387"></a> sattisabbaññutā vā siyā, viditasabbadhammattā ñātasabbaññutā vā, sattisabbaññuno sabbajānanattaṃ natthīti tampi na yujjati, ‘‘na tassa adiṭṭhamidhatthi kiñci…pe… samantacakkhū’’ti vuttattā ñātasabbaññutā eva yujjati. Evañhi sati kiccato asammohato kāraṇasiddhito āvajjanapaṭibaddhato sabbaññutameva hotīti. <span class="bld">Tena ñāṇenā</span>ti tena sabbajānanañāṇena.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Puna aparena pariyāyena sabbaññubhāvasādhanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘na tassā’’</span>ti gāthamāha. Tattha <span class="bld">na tassa addiṭṭhamidhatthi kiñcī</span>ti tassa tathāgatassa idha imasmiṃ tedhātuke loke imasmiṃ paccuppannakāle vā paññācakkhunā adiṭṭhaṃ nāma kiñci appamattakampi na atthi na saṃvijjati. <span class="bld">Atthī</span>ti idaṃ vattamānakālikaṃ ākhyātapadaṃ, iminā paccuppannakālikassa sabbadhammassa ñātabhāvaṃ dasseti. Gāthābandhasukhatthaṃ panettha <span class="bld">da</span>-kāro payutto. <span class="bld">Atho aviññāta</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">atho</span>ti vacanopādāne <a name="V0.0314"></a> nipāto. <span class="bld">Aviññāta</span>nti atītakālikaṃ aviññātaṃ nāma kiñci dhammajātaṃ nāhosīti pāṭhaseso. Abyayabhūtassa <span class="bld">atthi</span>-saddassa gahaṇe pāṭhasesaṃ vināpi yujjatiyeva. Iminā atītakālikassa sabbadhammassa ñātabhāvaṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Ajānitabba</span>nti anāgatakālikaṃ ajānitabbaṃ nāma dhammajātaṃ na bhavissati natthīti. Iminā anāgatakālikassa sabbadhammassa ñātabhāvaṃ dasseti. Jānanakiriyāvisesamattameva vā ettha <span class="bld">a</span>-kāro. <span class="bld">Sabbaṃ abhiññāsi yadatthi neyya</span>nti ettha yaṃ tekālikaṃ vā kālavinimuttaṃ vā neyyaṃ jānitabbaṃ kiñci dhammajātaṃ atthi, taṃ sabbaṃ tathāgato abhiññāsi adhikena sabbaññutaññāṇena <a name="M0.0341"></a> jāni paṭivijjhi, ettha <span class="bld">atthi</span>-saddena tekālikassa kālavimuttassa ca gahaṇā <span class="bld">atthi</span>-saddo abyayabhūtoyeva daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Tathāgato tena samantacakkhū</span>ti kālavasena okāsavasena ca nippadesattā samantā sabbato pavattaṃ ñāṇacakkhu assāti samantacakkhu, tena yathāvuttena kāraṇena tathāgato samantacakkhu sabbaññūti vuttaṃ hoti<a name="P2.0388"></a>. Imissā gāthāya puggalādhiṭṭhānāya desanāya sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ sādhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na itihitiha</span>nti ‘‘evaṃ kira āsi, evaṃ kira āsī’’ti na hoti. <span class="bld">Na itikirāyā</span>ti ‘‘evaṃ kira eta’’nti na hoti. <span class="bld">Na paramparāyā</span>ti paramparakathāyāpi na hoti. <span class="bld">Na piṭakasampadāyā</span>ti amhākaṃ piṭakatantiyā saddhiṃ sametīti na hoti. <span class="bld">Na takkahetū</span>ti takkaggāhenapi na hoti. <span class="bld">Na ākāraparivitakkenā</span>ti ‘‘sundaramidaṃ kāraṇa’’nti evaṃ kāraṇaparivitakkenapi na hoti. <span class="bld">Na diṭṭhinijjhānakkhantiyā</span>ti amhākaṃ nijjhāyitvā khamitvā gahitadiṭṭhiyā saddhiṃ sametītipi na hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Atha vāpi samādhi</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">samādhi</span>nti kusalacittekaggatā samādhi. Kenaṭṭhena samādhīti? Samādhānaṭṭhena. Kimidaṃ samādhānaṃ nāma? Ekārammaṇe cittacetasikānaṃ samaṃ sammā ca ādhānaṃ, ṭhapananti vuttaṃ hoti. Tasmā yassa dhammassa ānubhāvena ekārammaṇe cittacetasikā samaṃ sammā ca avikkhippamānā avippakiṇṇā ca hutvā tiṭṭhanti, idaṃ samādhānanti veditabbaṃ. Tassa kho pana samādhissa –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Lakkhaṇaṃ tu avikkhepo, vikkhepaddhaṃsanaṃ raso;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Akampanamupaṭṭhānaṃ, padaṭṭhānaṃ sukhaṃ pana’’. (paṭi. ma. aṭṭha. 1.1.3);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Samādhi anāvilaacalabhāvena ārammaṇe tiṭṭhatīti <span class="bld">ṭhiti</span>. Parato padadvayaṃ upasaggavasena <a name="V0.0315"></a> vaḍḍhitaṃ. Api ca sampayuttadhamme ārammaṇamhi sampiṇḍetvā tiṭṭhatīti <span class="bld">saṇṭhiti</span>. Ārammaṇaṃ ogāhetvā anupavisitvā tiṭṭhatīti <span class="bld">avaṭṭhiti</span>. Kusalapakkhasmiñhi cattārova dhammā ārammaṇaṃ ogāhanti saddhā sati samādhi paññāti. Teneva saddhā ‘‘okappanā’’ti vuttā, sati ‘‘apilāpanatā’’ti, samādhi ‘‘avaṭṭhitī’’ti, paññā ‘‘pariyogāhanā’’ti. Akusalapakkhe pana tayo dhammā ārammaṇaṃ ogāhanti taṇhā <a name="M0.0342"></a> diṭṭhi avijjāti. Tenevete ‘‘oghā’’ti vuttā. Cittekaggatā panettha na balavatī hoti. Yathā <a name="P2.0389"></a> hi rajuṭṭhānaṭṭhāne udakena siñcitvā sammaṭṭhe thokameva kālaṃ rajo sannisīdati, sukkhante sukkhante puna pakatibhāveneva vuṭṭhāti, evameva akusalapakkhe cittekaggatā na balavatī hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Uddhaccavicikicchāvasena pavattassa visāhārassa paṭipakkhato <span class="bld">avisāhāro</span>. Uddhaccavicikicchāvaseneva gacchantaṃ cittaṃ vikkhipati nāma. Ayaṃ pana tathāvidho vikkhepo na hotīti <span class="bld">avikkhepo</span>. Uddhaccavicikicchāvaseneva cittaṃ visāhaṭaṃ nāma hoti, ito cito ca harīyati, ayaṃ pana evaṃ avisāhaṭamānasassa bhāvoti <span class="bld">avisāhaṭamānasatā. Samatho</span>ti tividho samatho cittasamatho adhikaraṇasamatho sabbasaṅkhārasamathoti. Tattha aṭṭhasu samāpattīsu cittekaggatā <span class="bld">cittasamatho</span> nāma. Tañhi āgamma cittacalanaṃ cittavipphanditaṃ sammati vūpasammati, tasmā so ‘‘cittasamatho’’ti vuccati. Sammukhāvinayādisattavidho samatho <span class="bld">adhikaraṇasamatho</span> nāma. Tañhi āgamma tāni tāni adhikaraṇāni sammanti vūpasammanti, tasmā so ‘‘adhikaraṇasamatho’’ti vuccati. Yasmā pana sabbe saṅkhārā nibbānaṃ āgamma sammanti vūpasammanti vūpasammanti, tasmā taṃ ‘‘sabbasaṅkhārasamatho’’ti vuccati. Imasmiṃ atthe cittasamatho adhippeto. Samādhilakkhaṇe indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti <span class="bld">samādhindriyaṃ</span>. Uddhacce na kampatīti <span class="bld">samādhibalaṃ. Sammāsamādhī</span>ti yāthāvasamādhi niyyānikasamādhi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para157"></a><span class="paranum">157</span>. Athassa bhagavā yasmā indriyasaṃvaro sīlassa rakkhā, yasmā vā iminānukkamena desiyamānā ayaṃ desanā tāsaṃ devatānaṃ sappāyā, tasmā indriyasaṃvarato pabhuti paṭipadaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘cakkhūhī’’</span>tiādi āraddho. Tattha <span class="bld">cakkhūhi neva lolassā</span>ti adiṭṭhadakkhitabbādivasena cakkhūhi lolo neva assa. <span class="bld">Gāmakathāya āvaraye sota</span>nti tiracchānakathāya sotaṃ āvareyya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cakkhuloliyenā</span>ti cakkhudvāre uppannalolavasena cakkhuloliyena. <span class="bld">Adiṭṭhaṃ dakkhitabba</span>nti adiṭṭhapubbaṃ rūpārammaṇaṃ passituṃ yuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhaṃ samatikkamitabba</span>nti diṭṭhapubbarūpārammaṇaṃ atikkamituṃ <a name="V0.0316"></a> yuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ārāmena ārāma</span>nti pupphārāmādiārāmena <a name="M0.0343"></a> phalārāmādiṃ <a name="P2.0390"></a> vā pupphārāmādiṃ vā. <span class="bld">Dīghacārika</span>nti dīghacaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Anavaṭṭhitacārika</span>nti asanniṭṭhānacaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Anuyutto hoti rūpadassanāyā</span>ti rūpārammaṇadassanatthāya punappunaṃ yutto hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Antaragharaṃ paviṭṭho</span>ti ummārabbhantaraṃ paviṭṭho. <span class="bld">Vīthiṃ paṭipanno</span>ti antaravīthiṃ otiṇṇo. <span class="bld">Gharamukhāni olokento</span>ti gharadvārāni avalokento. <span class="bld">Uddhaṃ ullokento</span>ti uparidisaṃ uddhaṃmukho hutvā vilokento.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā</span>ti kāraṇavasena cakkhūti laddhavohārena rūpadassanasamatthena cakkhuviññāṇena rūpaṃ disvā. Porāṇā panāhu – ‘‘cakkhu rūpaṃ na passati acittakattā, cittaṃ na passati acakkhukattā. Dvārārammaṇasaṅghaṭṭe pana pasādavatthukena cittena passati. Īdisī panesā ‘dhanunā vijjhatī’tiādīsu viya sasambhārakathā nāma hoti. Tasmā cakkhuviññāṇena rūpaṃ disvāti ayamettha attho’’ti. <span class="bld">Nimittaggāhī</span>ti itthipurisanimittaṃ vā subhanimittādikaṃ vā kilesavatthubhūtaṃ nimittaṃ chandarāgavasena gaṇhāti, diṭṭhamatteyeva na saṇṭhāti. <span class="bld">Anubyañjanaggāhī</span>ti kilesānaṃ anuanubyañjanato pākaṭabhāvakaraṇato anubyañjananti laddhavohāraṃ hatthapādasitahasitakathitaālokitavilokitādibhedaṃ ākāraṃ gaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Yatvādhikaraṇamena</span>ntiādimhi yaṃkāraṇā yassa cakkhundriyāsaṃvarassa hetu etaṃ puggalaṃ satikavāṭena cakkhundriyaṃ <span class="bld">asaṃvutaṃ</span> apihitacakkhudvāraṃ hutvā viharantaṃ ete abhijjhādayo dhammā <span class="bld">anvāssaveyyuṃ</span> anuppabandheyyuṃ ajjhotthareyyuṃ. <span class="bld">Tassa saṃvarāya na paṭipajjatī</span>ti tassa cakkhundriyassa satikavāṭena pidahanatthāya na paṭipajjati. Evaṃbhūtoyeva ca <span class="bld">na rakkhati cakkhundriyaṃ. Na cakkhundriye saṃvaraṃ āpajjatī</span>tipi vuccati. Tattha kiñcāpi cakkhundriye saṃvaro vā asaṃvaro vā natthi. Na hi cakkhupasādaṃ nissāya sati vā muṭṭhassaccaṃ vā uppajjati. Apica yadā rūpārammaṇaṃ cakkhussa āpāthaṃ āgacchati, tadā bhavaṅge dvikkhattuṃ uppajjitvā niruddhe kiriyāmanodhātu <a name="P2.0391"></a> āvajjanakiccaṃ sādhayamānā uppajjitvā nirujjhati, tato cakkhuviññāṇaṃ dassanakiccaṃ, tato manodhātu sampaṭicchanakiccaṃ, tato vipākāhetukamanoviññāṇadhātu santīraṇakiccaṃ, tato kiriyāhetukamanoviññāṇadhātu <a name="M0.0344"></a> voṭṭhabbanakiccaṃ sādhayamānā uppajjitvā nirujjhati, tadanantaraṃ javanaṃ javati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatrāpi neva bhavaṅgasamaye na āvajjanādīnaṃ aññatarasamaye saṃvaro vā asaṃvaro vā atthi. Javanakkhaṇe pana sace dussīlyaṃ vā muṭṭhassaccaṃ vā aññāṇaṃ vā akkhanti vā kosajjaṃ <a name="V0.0317"></a> vā uppajjati, asaṃvaro hoti. Evaṃ honto pana so ‘‘cakkhundriye asaṃvaro’’ti vuccati. Kasmā? Yasmā tasmiṃ asaṃvare sati dvārampi aguttaṃ hoti, bhavaṅgampi āvajjanādīnipi vīthicittāni. Yathā kiṃ? Yathā nagare catūsu dvāresu asaṃvutesu kiñcāpi antogharadvārakoṭṭhakagabbhādayo saṃvutā, tathāpi antonagare sabbaṃ bhaṇḍaṃ arakkhitaṃ agopitameva hoti. Nagaradvārena hi pavisitvā corā yadicchanti taṃ kareyyuṃ, evameva javane dussīlyādīsu uppannesu tasmiṃ asaṃvare sati dvārampi aguttaṃ hoti bhavaṅgampi āvajjanādīnipi vīthicittāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saddhādeyyānī</span>ti kammañca phalañca idhalokañca paralokañca saddahitvā dinnāni. ‘‘Ayaṃ me ñātīti vā, mittoti vā, idaṃ vā paṭikarissati, idaṃ vānena katapubba’’nti vā evaṃ na dinnānīti attho. Evaṃ dinnāni hi na saddhādeyyāni nāma honti. <span class="bld">Bhojanānī</span>ti ca desanāsīsamattametaṃ, atthato pana saddhādeyyāni bhojanāni bhuñjitvā cīvarāni pārupitvā senāsanāni sevamānā gilānapaccayabhesajjaṃ paribhuñjamānāti sabbametaṃ vuttameva hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Seyyathida</span>nti nipāto. Tassattho, katamo hoti. <span class="bld">Naccaṃ</span> nāma yaṃkiñci naccaṃ, taṃ maggaṃ gacchantenāpi gīvaṃ pasāretvā daṭṭhuṃ na vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Gīta</span>nti yaṃkiñci gītaṃ. <span class="bld">Vādita</span>nti yaṃkiñci vāditaṃ. <span class="bld">Pekkha</span>nti naṭasamajjaṃ. <span class="bld">Akkhāna</span>nti bhāratarāmāyanādikaṃ. Yasmiṃ ṭhāne kathīyati, tattha gantumpi na vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Pāṇissara</span>nti kaṃsatāḷaṃ, ‘‘pāṇitāḷa’’ntipi vadanti. <span class="bld">Vetāḷa</span>nti ghanatāḷaṃ, ‘‘mantena matasarīruṭṭhāpana’’ntipi eke. <span class="bld">Kumbhathūṇa</span>nti caturassaambaṇakatāḷaṃ<a name="P2.0392"></a>, ‘‘kumbhasadda’’ntipi eke. <span class="bld">Sobhanaka</span>nti naṭānaṃ abbhokkiraṇaṃ; sobhanakaraṃ vā, paṭibhānacittanti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Caṇḍāla</span>nti ayoguḷakīḷā, ‘‘caṇḍālānaṃ sāṇadhovanakīḷā’’tipi vadanti. <span class="bld">Vaṃsa</span>nti veṇuṃ ussāpetvā kīḷanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dhovana</span>nti <a name="M0.0345"></a> aṭṭhidhovanaṃ, ekaccesu kira janapadesu kālaṅkate ñātake na jhāpenti, nikhaṇitvā ṭhapenti. Atha tesaṃ pūtibhūtaṃ kāyaṃ ñatvā nīharitvā aṭṭhīni dhovitvā gandhehi makkhetvā ṭhapenti. Te nakkhattakāle ekasmiṃ ṭhāne aṭṭhīni ṭhapetvā ekasmiṃ ṭhāne surādīni ṭhapetvā rodantā paridevantā suraṃ pivanti. Vuttampi cetaṃ ‘‘atthi bhikkhave dakkhiṇesu janapadesu dhovanaṃ nāma, tattha hoti annampi pānampi khajjampi bhojjampi leyyampi peyyampi naccampi gītampi vāditampi. Atthekaṃ bhikkhave dhovanaṃ, netaṃ natthīti vadāmī’’ti (a. ni. 10.107). Ekacce pana ‘‘indajālena aṭṭhidhovanaṃ dhovana’’nti vadanti. <span class="bld">Hatthiyuddhā</span>dīsu <a name="V0.0318"></a> bhikkhuno neva hatthiādīhi saddhiṃ yujjhituṃ, na te yujjhāpetuṃ, na yujjhante daṭṭhuṃ vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Nibbuddha</span>nti mallayuddhaṃ. <span class="bld">Uyyodhika</span>nti yattha sampahāro diyyati. <span class="bld">Balagga</span>nti balagaṇanaṭṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Senābyūha</span>nti senāniveso, sakaṭabyūhādivasena senāya nivesanaṃ. <span class="bld">Anīkadassana</span>nti ‘‘tayo hatthī pacchimaṃ hatthānīka’’ntiādinā (pāci. 324) nayena vuttassa anīkassa dassanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na nimittaggāhī hotī</span>ti chandarāgavasena vuttappakāraṃ nimittaṃ na gaṇhāti. Evaṃ sesapadānipi vuttapaṭipakkhanayena veditabbāni. Yathā ca heṭṭhā javane dussīlyādīsu uppannesu tasmiṃ asaṃvare sati dvārampi aguttaṃ hoti, bhavaṅgampi āvajjanādīnipi vīthicittānīti vuttaṃ, evamidha tasmiṃ sīlādīsu uppannesu dvārampi guttaṃ hoti, bhavaṅgampi āvajjanādīnipi vīthicittāni. Yathā kiṃ? Yathā nagaradvāresu saṃvutesu kiñcāpi antogharādayo asaṃvutā honti, tathāpi antonagare sabbaṃ bhaṇḍaṃ surakkhitaṃ sugopitameva hoti, nagaradvāresu pihitesu corānaṃ paveso <a name="P2.0393"></a> natthi. Evameva javane sīlādīsu uppannesu dvārampi guttaṃ hoti, bhavaṅgampi āvajjanādīnipi vīthicittāni. Tasmā javanakkhaṇe uppajjamānopi ‘‘cakkhundriye saṃvaro’’ti vutto. Ito paraṃ heṭṭhā ca upari ca vuttapariyāyena attho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Visūkadassanā</span>ti paṭāṇīdassanato. <span class="bld">Gāmakathā</span>ti gāmavāsīnaṃ kathā. <span class="bld">Bāttiṃsā</span>ti dvattiṃsa. Aniyyānikattā saggamokkhamaggānaṃ tiracchānabhūtā kathāti <span class="bld">tiracchānakathā</span>. Tattha rājānaṃ ārabbha ‘‘mahāsammato <a name="M0.0346"></a> mandhātā dhammāsoko evaṃ mahānubhāvo’’tiādinā nayena pavattā kathā <span class="bld">rājakathā</span>. Esa nayo <span class="bld">corakathā</span>dīsu. Tesu ‘‘asuko rājā abhirūpo dassanīyo’’tiādinā nayena gehassitakathāva tiracchānakathā hoti. ‘‘Sopi nāma evaṃ mahānubhāvo khayaṃ gato’’ti evaṃ pavattā pana kammaṭṭhānabhāve tiṭṭhati. Coresupi ‘‘mūladevo evaṃ mahānubhāvo, meghamālo evaṃ mahānubhāvo’’ti tesaṃ kammaṃ paṭicca ‘‘aho sūrā’’ti gehassitakathāva tiracchānakathā. Yuddhepi bhāratayuddhādīsu ‘‘asukena asuko evaṃ mārito evaṃ viddho’’ti kāmassādavaseneva kathā tiracchānakathā. ‘‘Tepi nāma khayaṃ gatā’’ti evaṃ pavattā pana sabbattha kammaṭṭhānameva hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Api ca annādīsu ‘‘evaṃ vaṇṇavantaṃ gandhavantaṃ rasavantaṃ phassasampannaṃ khādimha bhuñjimha pivimha paribhuñjimhā’’ti kāmassādavasena kathetuṃ na vaṭṭati, sātthakaṃ pana katvā ‘‘pubbe evaṃ vaṇṇādisampannaṃ annaṃ pānaṃ vatthaṃ sayanaṃ mālaṃ gandhaṃ sīlavantānaṃ adamha, cetiyapūjaṃ akarimhā’’ti <a name="V0.0319"></a> kathetuṃ vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Ñātikathā</span>dīsu pana ‘‘amhākaṃ ñātakā sūrā samatthā’’ti vā, ‘‘pubbe mayaṃ evaṃ vicitrehi yānehi vicarimhā’’ti vā assādavasena vattuṃ na vaṭṭati, sātthakaṃ pana katvā ‘‘tepi no ñātakā khayaṃ gatā’’ti vā, ‘‘pubbe mayaṃ evarūpā upāhanā saṅghassa adamhā’’ti vā kathetuṃ vaṭṭati. Gāmakathāpi suniviṭṭhadunniviṭṭhasubhikkhadubbhikkhādivasena ‘‘asukagāmavāsino sūrā samatthā’’ti vā evaṃ assādavasena vattuṃ na vaṭṭati, sātthakaṃ pana katvā <a name="P2.0394"></a> ‘‘saddhā pasannā’’ti vā, ‘‘khayavayaṃ gatā’’ti vā vattuṃ vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nigamanagarajanapadakathāsu</span>pi eseva nayo. Itthikathāpi vaṇṇasaṇṭhānādīni paṭicca assādavasena na vaṭṭati, ‘‘saddhā pasannā, khayavayaṃ gatā’’ti evameva vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Sūrakathā</span>pi ‘‘nandimitto nāma yodho sūro ahosī’’ti assādavasena na vaṭṭati. ‘‘Saddho ahosi, khayavayaṃ gato’’ti evameva vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Visikhākathā</span>pi ‘‘asukā visikhā suniviṭṭhā dunniviṭṭhā sūrā samatthā’’ti assādavasena na vaṭṭati. ‘‘Saddhā pasannā, khayavayaṃ gatā’’icceva vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kumbhaṭṭhānakathā</span>ti <a name="M0.0347"></a> udakaṭṭhānakathā, ‘‘udakatitthakathā’’tipi vuccati, kumbhadāsikathā vā. Sāpi ‘‘pāsādikā, naccituṃ gāyituṃ chekā’’ti assādavasena na vaṭṭati, ‘‘saddhā pasannā’’tiādinā nayena vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Pubbapetakathā</span>ti atītañātikathā. Tattha vattamānañātikathāsadisova vinicchayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nānattakathā</span>ti purimapacchimakathāhi vimuttā avasesā nānāsabhāvā niratthakakathā. <span class="bld">Lokakkhāyikā</span>ti ‘‘ayaṃ loko kena nimmito? Asukena nāma nimmito. Kāko seto aṭṭhīnaṃ setattā, balākā rattā lohitassa rattattā’’ti evamādikā lokāyatavitaṇḍasallāpakathā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samuddakkhāyikā</span> nāma kasmā samuddo sāgaro? Sāgaradevena khatattā sāgaro, ‘‘khato me’’ti hatthamuddāya sayaṃ niveditattā samuddoti evamādikā niratthakā samuddakkhānakathā. <span class="bld">Bhavo</span>ti vuddhi. <span class="bld">Abhavo</span>ti hāni. Iti bhavo iti abhavoti yaṃ vā taṃ vā niratthakakāraṇaṃ vatvā pavattitakathā <span class="bld">itibhavābhavakathā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āvareyyā</span>ti āvaraṇaṃ kareyya. <span class="bld">Nivāreyyā</span>ti ārammaṇato vāreyya. <span class="bld">Saṃvareyyā</span>ti sammā nissesaṃ <a name="V0.0320"></a> katvā vāreyya. <span class="bld">Rakkheyyā</span>ti rakkhaṃ kareyya. <span class="bld">Gopeyyā</span>ti saṃgopeyya. <span class="bld">Pidaheyyā</span>ti pidahanaṃ kareyya. <span class="bld">Pacchindeyyā</span>ti sotaṃ chindeyya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tena</span> <a name="P2.0395"></a> <span class="bld">tena na tussantī</span>ti tena tena ambilādinā rasena na santosaṃ āpajjanti. <span class="bld">Aparāparaṃ pariyesantī</span>ti uparūpari gavesanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para158"></a><span class="paranum">158</span>. <span class="bld">Phassenā</span>ti rogaphassena. <span class="bld">Bhavañca nābhijappeyyā</span>ti tassa phassassa vinodanatthāya kāmabhavādibhavañca na pattheyya. <span class="bld">Bheravesu ca na sampavedheyyā</span>ti tassa phassassa paccayabhūtesu sīhabyagghādīsu bheravesu ca na sampavedheyya, avasesesu vā ghānindriyamanindriyavisayesu na sampavedheyya. Evaṃ paripūro indriyasaṃvaro ca vutto hoti. Purimehi vā indriyasaṃvaraṃ dassetvā iminā ‘‘araññe vasatā bheravaṃ disvā vā sutvā vā nappavedhitabba’’nti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekenākārenā</span>ti <a name="M0.0348"></a> ekena kāraṇena. <span class="bld">Bhayampi bheravampi taññevā</span>ti bhayanti ca bheravanti ca khuddakampi mahantampi uttāsanimittameva. Tamevatthaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vuttaṃ heta’’</span>ntiādimāha. <span class="bld">Bhaya</span>nti tappaccayā uppannabhayaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhayānaka</span>nti ākāraniddeso. <span class="bld">Chambhitatta</span>nti bhayavasena gattacalanaṃ. <span class="bld">Lomahaṃso</span>ti lomānaṃ haṃsanaṃ uddhaggabhāvo. Iminā padadvayena kiccato bhayaṃ dassetvā puna <span class="bld">‘‘cetaso ubbego utrāso’’</span>ti sabhāvato dasseti. <span class="bld">Ubbeggo</span>ti bhīruko, <span class="bld">utrāso</span>ti cittakkhobho. <span class="bld">Jātibhaya</span>nti jātiṃ paṭicca uppannabhayaṃ. Sesesupi eseva nayo. Rājato uppannabhayaṃ <span class="bld">rājabhayaṃ</span>. Sesesupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Attānuvādabhaya</span>nti pāpakammino attānaṃ anuvadantassa uppajjanakabhayaṃ. <span class="bld">Parānuvādabhaya</span>nti parassa anuvādato uppajjanakabhayaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Daṇḍabhaya</span>nti āgārikassa raññā pavattitadaṇḍaṃ, anāgārikassa vinayadaṇḍaṃ paṭicca uppajjanakabhayaṃ. <span class="bld">Duggatibhaya</span>nti cattāro apāye paṭicca uppajjanakabhayaṃ. <span class="bld">Ūmibhaya</span>nti mahāsamudde udakaṃ orohantassa pavattabhayaṃ. Mahāsamudde kira mahindavīci nāma saṭṭhi yojanāni uggacchati, taraṅgavīci nāma paṇṇāsa yojanāni, rohaṇavīci nāma cattālīsa yojanāni uggacchati. Evarūpā ūmiyo paṭicca pavattaṃ ūmibhayaṃ<a name="P2.0396"></a>. Kumbhīlato pavattaṃ bhayaṃ <span class="bld">kumbhīlabhayaṃ</span>. Udakāvaṭṭato bhayaṃ <span class="bld">āvaṭṭabhayaṃ</span>. Susukā vuccati caṇḍamaccho, tato bhayaṃ <span class="bld">susukābhayaṃ. Ājīvikabhaya</span>nti jīvitavuttito bhayaṃ ājīvikabhayaṃ. <span class="bld">Asilokabhaya</span>nti garahato bhayaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para159"></a><span class="paranum">159</span>. <span class="bld">Laddhā</span> <a name="V0.0321"></a> <span class="bld">na sannidhiṃ kayirā</span>ti etesaṃ annādīnaṃ yaṃkiñci dhammena labhitvā ‘‘araññe ca senāsane vasatā dullabha’’nti cintetvā sannidhiṃ na kareyya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Odano</span>ti sāli vīhi yavo godhumo kaṅgu varako kudrūsakoti sattannaṃ dhaññānaṃ dhaññānulomānañca taṇḍulehi nibbatto. <span class="bld">Kummāso</span>ti yavehi nibbatto. <span class="bld">Sattū</span>ti sāliādīhi katasattu. <span class="bld">Maccho</span> dakasambhavo. <span class="bld">Maṃsaṃ</span> pākaṭameva. <span class="bld">Ambapāna</span>nti āmehi vā pakkehi vā ambehi katapānaṃ. Tattha āmehi karontena ambataruṇāni bhinditvā udake pakkhipitvā ātape ādiccapākena pacitvā parissāvetvā tadahu paṭiggahitehi <a name="M0.0349"></a> madhusakkarakappūrādīhi yojetvā kātabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Jambupāna</span>nti jambuphalehi katapānaṃ. <span class="bld">Cocapāna</span>nti aṭṭhikehi kadaliphalehi katapānaṃ. <span class="bld">Mocapāna</span>nti anaṭṭhikehi kadaliphalehi katapānaṃ. <span class="bld">Madhukapāna</span>nti madhukānaṃ jātirasena katapānaṃ. Taṃ pana udakasambhinnaṃ vaṭṭati, suddhaṃ na vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Muddikapāna</span>nti muddikā udake madditvā ambapānaṃ viya katapānaṃ. <span class="bld">Sālūkapāna</span>nti rattuppalanīluppalādīnaṃ sālūke madditvā katapānaṃ. <span class="bld">Phārusakapāna</span>nti phārusakehi ambapānaṃ viya katapānaṃ. <span class="bld">Kosambapāna</span>nti kosambaphalehi katapānaṃ. <span class="bld">Kolapāna</span>nti kolaphalehi katapānaṃ. <span class="bld">Badarapāna</span>nti mahākolaphalehi ambapānaṃ viya katapānaṃ. Imāni ekādasa pānāni, tānipi ādiccapākāni vaṭṭanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ghatapāna</span>nti sappipānaṃ. <span class="bld">Telapāna</span>nti tilatelādīnaṃ pānaṃ. <span class="bld">Payopāna</span>nti khīrapānaṃ. <span class="bld">Yāgupāna</span>nti sītalādiyāgupānaṃ. <span class="bld">Rasapāna</span>nti sākādirasapānaṃ. <span class="bld">Piṭṭhakhajjaka</span>nti sattannaṃ tāva dhaññānaṃ dhaññānulomānaṃ aparaṇṇānañca piṭṭhaṃ panasapiṭṭhaṃ labujapiṭṭhaṃ <a name="P2.0397"></a> ambāṭakapiṭṭhaṃ sālapiṭṭhaṃ khīravallipiṭṭhañcāti evamādīnaṃ piṭṭhehi kataṃ piṭṭhakhajjakaṃ. <span class="bld">Pūvakhajjaka</span>mpi etehiyeva kataṃ. <span class="bld">Mūlakhajjaka</span>nti mūlakamūlaṃ khārakamūlaṃ cuccumūlanti evamādi. <span class="bld">Tacakhajjaka</span>nti ucchutacādayo. <span class="bld">Pattakhajjaka</span>nti nimbapaṇṇakuṭajapaṇṇapaṭolapaṇṇasulasapaṇṇādayo. <span class="bld">Pupphakhajjaka</span>nti mūlakapupphakhārakapupphasetavaraṇasigguuppalapadumakādayo. <span class="bld">Phalakhajjaka</span>nti panasalabujatālanāḷikeraambāṭakatintiṇikamātuluṅgakapiṭṭhaphalaalābukumbhaṇḍaphussa- phalatimbarūsakatilavātiṅgaṇacocamocamadhukādīnaṃ phalānaṃ khajjakaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na kuhanāyā</span>ti na vimhāpanāya. <span class="bld">Na lapanāyā</span>ti paccayatthaṃ na lapanāya. Vihāraṃ āgate manusse disvā ‘‘kimatthāya bhonto āgatā’’ti bhikkhū nimantetunti. ‘‘Yadi evaṃ gacchatha, ahaṃ pacchato gahetvā āgacchāmī’’ti evaṃ na <a name="V0.0322"></a> lapanāya. Atha vā attānaṃ upanetvā ‘‘ahaṃ tisso, mayi rājā pasanno, mayi asuko rājā asuko ca rājamahāmatto pasanno’’ti evaṃ na lapanāya. <span class="bld">Na nemittikatāyā</span>ti yena kenaci paresaṃ paccayadānasaññājanakena kāyavacīkammena na nemittikatāya. <span class="bld">Na nippesikatāyā</span>ti yā paresaṃ akkosanādikiriyā yasmā veḷupesikā viya abbhaṅgaṃ parassa guṇaṃ nippeseti nipuñchati, yasmā vā gandhajātaṃ nipisitvā gandhamagganā viya paraguṇe nipisitvā vicuṇṇetvā <a name="M0.0350"></a> esā lābhamagganā hoti, tasmā ‘‘nippesikatā’’ti vuccati. Na evarūpāya nippesikatāya. <span class="bld">Na lābhena lābhaṃ nijigīsanatāyā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">nijigīsanatā</span>ti magganā, aññato laddhañhi aññattha haraṇavasena lābhena lābhamagganā nāma hoti. Na evarūpāya lābhena lābhamagganāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na dārudānenā</span>ti na paccayahetukena dārudānena vihāre uṭṭhitañhi araññato vā āharitvā rakkhitagopitadāruṃ ‘‘evaṃ me paccayaṃ dassantī’’ti upaṭṭhākānaṃ dātuṃ na vaṭṭati. Evañhi jīvikaṃ kappento anesanāya micchājīvena jīvati, so diṭṭheva dhamme garahaṃ pāpuṇāti, samparāye ca apāyaparipūrako hoti. Attano puggalikaṃ dāruṃ kusalaṅgahatthāya <a name="P2.0398"></a> dadanto kuladūsakadukkaṭaṃ āpajjati, parapuggalikaṃ theyyacittena dadanto bhaṇḍagghena kāretabbo. Saṅghikepi eseva nayo. Sace pana taṃ issaratāya deti, garubhaṇḍavissajjanaṃ āpajjati. Kataraṃ pana dāru garubhaṇḍaṃ hoti, kataraṃ na hotīti? Yaṃ tāva aropimaṃ sayaṃjātaṃ, taṃ saṅghena paricchinnaṭṭhāneyeva garubhaṇḍaṃ, tato paraṃ na garubhaṇḍaṃ. Ropimaṭṭhāne ca sabbena sabbaṃ garubhaṇḍaṃ, pamāṇato sūcidaṇḍakappamāṇaṃ garubhaṇḍaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na veḷudānenā</span>tiādīsupi <span class="bld">na veḷudānenā</span>ti na paccayahetukena veḷudānenātiādi sabbaṃ na dārudānenāti ettha vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ. Veḷu pana pamāṇato telanāḷippamāṇo garubhaṇḍaṃ, na tato heṭṭhā. Manussā vihāraṃ gantvā veḷuṃ yācanti, bhikkhū ‘‘saṅghiko’’ti dātuṃ na visahanti, manussā punappunaṃ yācanti vā tajjenti vā, tadā bhikkhūhi ‘‘daṇḍakammaṃ katvā gaṇhathā’’ti vattuṃ vaṭṭati, veḷudānaṃ nāma na hoti. Sace te daṇḍakammatthāya vāsipharasuādīni vā khādanīyaṃ vā bhojanīyaṃ vā denti, gahetuṃ na vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vinayaṭṭhakathāyaṃ pana ‘‘daḍḍhagehā manussā gaṇhitvā gacchantā na vāretabbā’’ti vuttaṃ. Sace saṅghassa veḷugumbe veḷudūsikā uppajjati, taṃ akoṭṭāpentānaṃ veḷu nassati. ‘‘Kiṃ kātabba’’nti bhikkhācāre manussānaṃ ācikkhitabbaṃ. Sace koṭṭetuṃ na icchanti, ‘‘samaṃ bhāgaṃ labhissathā’’ti <a name="M0.0351"></a> vattabbā. Na icchantiyeva, ‘‘dve koṭṭhāse labhissathā’’ti vattabbā. Evampi anicchantesu naṭṭhena attho natthi, ‘‘tumhākaṃ khaṇe sati daṇḍakammaṃ karissatha, koṭṭetvā gaṇhathā’’ti <a name="V0.0323"></a> vattabbā, veḷudānaṃ nāma na hoti. Veḷugumbe aggimhi uṭṭhitepi udakena vuyhamānaveḷūsupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pattadāne</span> garubhaṇḍatāya ayaṃ vinicchayo – pattampi hi yattha vikkāyati, gandhakārādayo gandhapaliveṭhanādīnaṃ atthāya gaṇhanti, tādise dullabhaṭṭhāneyeva garubhaṇḍaṃ hoti. Esa tāva kiṃsukapattakaṇṇapiḷandhanatālapattādīsu <a name="P2.0399"></a> vinicchayo. Tālapaṇṇampi imasmiṃyeva ṭhāne kathetabbaṃ – tālapaṇṇampi hi sayaṃjāte tālavane saṅghena paricchinnaṭṭhāneyeva garubhaṇḍaṃ, na tato paraṃ, ropimatālesu sabbampi garubhaṇḍaṃ, tassa pamāṇaṃ heṭṭhimakoṭiyā aṭṭhaṅgulappamāṇopi rittapotthako. Tiṇampi ettheva pakkhipitvā kathetabbaṃ. Yattha pana tiṇaṃ natthi, tattha tālanāḷikerapaṇṇādīhipi chādenti. Tasmā tānipi tiṇeneva saṅgahitāni. Iti muñjapalālādīsu yaṃkiñci muṭṭhippamāṇaṃ tiṇaṃ. Nāḷikerapaṇṇādīsu ca ekapaṇṇampi saṅghassa dinnaṃ vā tattha jātaṃ vā bahiārāme saṅghassa tiṇavatthumhi jātatiṇaṃ vā rakkhitagopitaṃ vā garubhaṇḍaṃ hoti. Taṃ pana saṅghakamme ca cetiyakamme ca kate atirekaṃ puggalikakamme dātuṃ vaṭṭati. Heṭṭhā vuttadāruveḷūsupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pupphadāne</span> ‘‘ettakesu rukkhesu pupphāni vissajjitvā yāgubhattatthāya upanentu, ettakesu senāsanapaṭisaṅkharaṇe upanentū’’ti evaṃ niyamitaṭṭhāneyeva pupphāni garubhaṇḍāni honti. Yadi sāmaṇerā pupphāni ocinitvā rāsiṃ karonti, pañcaṅgasamannāgato pupphabhājako bhikkhu bhikkhusaṅghaṃ gaṇetvā koṭṭhāse karoti. So sampattaparisāya saṅghaṃ anāpucchitvāva dātuṃ labhati. Asammatena pana āpucchitvā dātabbaṃ. Bhikkhuno pana kassa pupphāni dātuṃ labbhati, kassa na labbhatīti? Mātāpitūnaṃ gehaṃ haritvāpi gehato pakkosāpetvāpi ‘‘vatthupūjaṃ karothā’’ti dātuṃ labbhati, piḷandhanatthāya na labbhati. Sesañātīnaṃ pana haritvā na dātabbaṃ, pakkosāpetvā pūjanatthāya dātabbaṃ. Sesajanassa pūjanaṭṭhānaṃ sampattassa apaccāsīsantena dātabbaṃ, pupphadānaṃ nāma na hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vihāre <a name="M0.0352"></a> bahūni pupphāni pupphanti, bhikkhunā piṇḍāya carantena manusse disvā ‘‘vihāre bahūni pupphāni pūjethā’’ti vattabbaṃ, vacanamatte doso natthi, ‘‘manussā khādanīyabhojanīyaṃ ādāya āgamissantī’’ti cittena pana na vattabbaṃ. Sace vadati, khādanīyabhojanīyaṃ na paribhuñjitabbaṃ. Manussā attano dhammatāya ‘‘vihāre pupphāni atthī’’ti pucchitvā ‘‘asukadivase vihāraṃ āgamissāma, sāmaṇerānaṃ <a name="P2.0400"></a> pupphāni ocinituṃ mā <a name="V0.0324"></a> dethā’’ti vadanti. Bhikkhu sāmaṇerānaṃ kathetuṃ pamuṭṭho, sāmaṇerehi pupphāni ocitāni, manussā bhikkhuṃ upasaṅkamitvā mayaṃ tumhākaṃ asukadivase evaṃ ārocayimha ‘‘sāmaṇerānaṃ pupphāni ocinituṃ mā dethā’’ti, kasmā na vārayitthāti? ‘‘Sati me pamuṭṭhā, pupphāni ocinitamattāneva, na tāva pūjā katā’’ti vattabbaṃ, ‘‘gaṇhatha pūjethā’’ti na vattabbaṃ. Sace vadati, āmisaṃ na paribhuñjitabbaṃ. Aparo bhikkhu sāmaṇerānaṃ ācikkhati ‘‘asukagāmavāsino ‘pupphāni mā ocinitthā’ti āhaṃsū’’ti manussāpi āmisaṃ āharitvā dānaṃ datvā vadanti ‘‘amhākaṃ manussā na bahukā, sāmaṇere amhehi saha pupphāni ocinituṃ āṇāpethā’’ti. ‘‘Sāmaṇerehi bhikkhā laddhā. Ye bhikkhācāraṃ na gacchanti, te sayameva jānissanti upāsakā’’ti vattabbaṃ. Ettakaṃ nayaṃ labhitvā sāmaṇere putte vā bhātike vā katvā pupphāni ocināpetuṃ doso natthi, pupphadānaṃ nāma na hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Phaladāne</span> phalampi pupphaṃ viya niyamitameva garubhaṇḍaṃ hoti. Vihāre bahukasmiṃ phalāphale sati aphāsukamanussā āgantvā yācanti, bhikkhū ‘‘saṅghika’’nti dātuṃ na ussahanti, manussā vippaṭisārino akkosanti paribhāsanti, tattha kiṃ kātabbanti? Phalehi vā rukkhehi vā paricchinditvā kathikā kātabbā ‘‘asuke ca rukkhe asuke ca rukkhe ettakāni phalāni gaṇhantā, ettakesu vā rukkhesu phalāni gaṇhantā na vāretabbā’’ti. Corā vā issarā vā balakkārena gaṇhantā na vāretabbā. Kuddhā hi te sakalavihārampi nāseyyuṃ, ādīnavo pana kathetabboti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sinānadāne</span> sinānacuṇṇāni koṭṭitāni na garubhaṇḍāni, akoṭṭito rukkhe ṭhitova rukkhataco garubhaṇḍaṃ, cuṇṇaṃ pana agilānassa rajananipakkaṃ vaṭṭati. Gilānassa yaṃkiñci cuṇṇaṃ dātuṃ vaṭṭatiyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na</span> <a name="M0.0353"></a> <span class="bld">cuṇṇadānenā</span>ti vuttanayena sirīsacuṇṇādīnaṃ dānena. <span class="bld">Mattikādāne</span>mattikā hi yattha dullabhā hoti, tattheva garubhaṇḍaṃ. Sāpi heṭṭhimakoṭiyā tiṃsapalaguḷapiṇḍappamāṇāva, tato heṭṭhā na garubhaṇḍanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dantakaṭṭhadāne</span> <a name="P2.0401"></a> dantakaṭṭhaṃ acchinnakameva garubhaṇḍaṃ. Yesaṃ sāmaṇerānaṃ saṅghato dantakaṭṭhavāro pāpuṇāti, te attano ācariyupajjhāyānaṃ pāṭiyekkaṃ dātuṃ na labhanti. Yehi pana ‘‘ettakāni dantakaṭṭhāni āharitabbānī’’ti paricchinditvā vārā gahitā, te atirekāni ācariyupajjhāyānaṃ <a name="V0.0325"></a> dātuṃ labhanti. Ekena bhikkhunā dantakaṭṭhamāḷakato bahūni dantakaṭṭhāni na gahetabbāni, devasikaṃ ekekameva gahetabbaṃ. Pāṭiyekkaṃ vasantenāpi bhikkhusaṅghaṃ gaṇayitvā yattakāni attano pāpuṇanti, tattakāneva gahetvā gantabbaṃ. Antarā āgantukesu vā āgatesu disaṃ vā pakkamantesu āharitvā gahitaṭṭhāneyeva ṭhapetabbāni. <span class="bld">Na mukhodakadānenā</span>ti na mukhadhovanaudakadānena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na cāṭukamyatāyā</span>tiādīsu cāṭukamyatā vuccati attānaṃ dāsaṃ viya nīcaṭṭhāne ṭhapetvā parassa khalitavacanampi saṇṭhapetvā piyakāmatāya paggayhavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Na muggasūpyatāyā</span>ti na muggasūpasamānatāya. Muggasūpasamānatāti saccālikena jīvikaṃ kappanatāya etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Yathā hi muggasūpe paccante bahū muggā pākaṃ gacchanti thokā na gacchanti, evameva saccālikena jīvikakappake puggale bahu alikaṃ hoti, appakaṃ saccaṃ. Yathā vā muggasūpassa apavisanaṭṭhānaṃ nāma natthi, evameva saccālikavuttino puggalassa appatiṭṭhānaṃ nāma natthi. Siṅghāṭakaṃ viya icchiticchitaṭṭhānassa patiṭṭhāti. Tenassa sā musāvāditā ‘‘muggasūpyatā’’ti vuttā. <span class="bld">Na pāribhaṭyatāyā</span>ti na paribhaṭakammabhāvena. Paribhaṭassa hi kammaṃ pāribhaṭyaṃ, tassa bhāvo pāribhaṭyatā, alaṅkārakaraṇādīhi dārakakīḷāpanassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Na pīṭhamaddikatāyā</span>ti na sahasā gharaṃ pavisitvā pīṭhake nisīdanakatāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na vatthuvijjāyā</span>tiādīsu <span class="bld">vatthuvijjā</span> nāma gāmanigamanagarādīnaṃ suniviṭṭhadunniviṭṭhajānanasatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Tiracchānavijjā</span> <a name="P2.0402"></a> nāma aniyyānikattā saggamokkhamaggānaṃ tiracchānabhūtā aṅgasatthanimittādikā avasesavijjā. <span class="bld">Aṅgavijjā</span> <a name="M0.0354"></a> nāma itthipurisānaṃ subhagadubbhagalakkhaṇajānanaṃ. <span class="bld">Nakkhattavijjā</span> nāma nakkhattānaṃ yogajānanasatthaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na dūtagamanenā</span>ti na dūteyyaṃ katvā gamanena. <span class="bld">Na pahiṇagamanenā</span>ti na gihīnaṃ sāsanaṃ gahetvā gharā gharaṃ pahitassa gamanena. <span class="bld">Na jaṅghapesaniyenā</span>ti gāmantaradesantarādīsu tesaṃ tesaṃ gihīnaṃ sāsanapaṭisāsanaṃ haraṇena. Idañhi jaṅghapesaniyaṃ nāma attano mātāpitūnaṃ, ye cāssa mātāpitaro upaṭṭhahanti, tesaṃ sāsanaṃ gahetvā katthaci gamanavasena vaṭṭati. Cetiyassa vā saṅghassa vā attano vā kammaṃ karontānaṃ vaḍḍhakīnampi sāsanaṃ harituṃ vaṭṭati. Manussā ‘‘dānaṃ dassāma, pūjaṃ karissāma, bhikkhusaṅghassa ācikkhathā’’ti ca vadanti; ‘‘asukattherassa nāma dethā’’ti piṇḍapātaṃ vā bhesajjaṃ vā cīvaraṃ vā denti, ‘‘vihāre pūjaṃ karothā’’ti mālāgandhavilepanādīni <a name="V0.0326"></a> vā dhajapaṭākādīni vā niyyātenti. Sabbaṃ harituṃ vaṭṭati, jaṅghapesaniyaṃ nāma na hoti. Sesasāsanaṃ gahetvā gacchantassa padavāre padavāre doso.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na vejjakammenā</span>ti na vejjena hutvā kāyatikicchanādibhesajjakaraṇena. Bhesajjaṃ pana pañcannaṃ sahadhammikānaṃ kātabbaṃ bhikkhussa bhikkhuniyā sikkhamānāya sāmaṇerassa sāmaṇeriyā. Samasīlasaddhāpaññānañhi etesaṃ tīsu sikkhāsu yuttānaṃ bhesajjaṃ akātuṃ na labbhati. Mātāpitūnaṃ tadupaṭṭhākānaṃ attano veyyāvaccakarassa paṇḍupalāsassāti etesaṃ pañcannampi kātuṃ vaṭṭati. Jeṭṭhabhātu, kaniṭṭhabhātu, jeṭṭhabhaginiyā, kaniṭṭhabhaginiyā, cūḷamātuyā, mahāmātuyā, cūḷapituno, mahāpituno, pitucchāya, mātucchāyāti etesaṃ pana dasannampi karontena tesaṃyeva santakaṃ bhesajjaṃ gahetvā kevalaṃ yojetvā dātabbaṃ. Sace nappahoti, attano santakaṃ tāvakālikaṃ dātabbaṃ. Etesaṃ puttaparamparā yāva sattamā kulaparivaṭṭā, tāva cattāro paccaye āharāpentassa akataviññatti vā, bhesajjaṃ karontassa vejjakammaṃ vā, kuladūsakāpatti vā na hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na</span> <a name="P2.0403"></a> <span class="bld">piṇḍapaṭipiṇḍakenā</span>ti ettha piṇḍapāto kassa dātabbo, kassa na dātabbo? Mātāpitūnaṃ tadupaṭṭhākānaṃ veyyāvaccakarassa paṇḍupalāsassa sampattassa dāmarikacorassa issarassāpi dātabbo. Etesaṃ datvā pacchā laddhampi piṇḍapaṭipiṇḍaṃ nāma na hoti. <span class="bld">Na dānānuppadānenā</span>ti attano <a name="M0.0355"></a> dinnakānaṃ na puna dānena. <span class="bld">Dhammenā</span>ti dhammena uppannaṃ. <span class="bld">Samenā</span>ti kāyasucaritādinā. <span class="bld">Laddhā</span>ti kāyena laddhā. <span class="bld">Labhitvā</span>ti cittena pāpuṇitvā. <span class="bld">Adhigantvā</span>ti sampāpuṇitvā. <span class="bld">Vinditvā</span>ti ñāṇena vinditvā. <span class="bld">Paṭilabhitvā</span>ti punappunaṃ labhitvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Annasannidhi</span>nti ettha duvidhā annakathā vinayavasena ca sallekhavasena ca. Vinayavasena tāva yaṃkiñci annaṃ ajja paṭiggahitaṃ aparajju sannidhikārakaṃ hoti, tassa paribhoge pācittiyaṃ. Attanā laddhaṃ pana sāmaṇerānaṃ datvā tehi laddhaṃ ṭhapāpetvā dutiyadivase bhuñjituṃ vaṭṭati, sallekho pana na hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pānasannidhimhi</span>pi eseva nayo. Ettha pānaṃ nāma ambapānādīni aṭṭha pānāni, yāni ce tesaṃ anulomāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vatthasannidhi</span>ntiādimhi anadhiṭṭhitāvikappitaṃ sannidhi ca hoti sallekhañca kopeti. Ayaṃ <a name="V0.0327"></a> pariyāya kathāva, nippariyāyato pana ticīvarasantuṭṭhena bhavitabbaṃ, catutthaṃ labhitvā aññassa dātabbaṃ. Sace yassa kassaci dātuṃ na sakkoti, yassa pana dātukāmo hoti, so uddesatthāya vā paripucchatthāya vā gato, āgatamatte dātabbaṃ, adātuṃ na vaṭṭati. Cīvare pana appahonte satiyā paccāsāya anuññātakālaṃ ṭhapetuṃ vaṭṭati. Sūcisuttacīvarakārakānaṃ alābhena tato parampi vinayakammaṃ katvā ṭhapetuṃ vaṭṭati. ‘‘Imasmiṃ jiṇṇe puna īdisaṃ kuto labhissāmī’’ti pana ṭhapetuṃ na vaṭṭati, sannidhi ca hoti, sallekhañca vikopeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yānasannidhimhi</span> yānaṃ nāma vayhaṃ ratho sakaṭaṃ sandamānikā sivikā pāṭaṅkīti netaṃ pabbajitassa yānaṃ. Upāhanā pana pabbajitassa yānaṃyeva. Ekabhikkhussa hi eko araññatthāya, ekā dhotapādakatthāyāti ukkaṃsato dve upāhanasaṅghāṭā <a name="P2.0404"></a> vaṭṭanti, tatiyaṃ labhitvā aññassa dātabbo, ‘‘imasmiṃ jiṇṇe aññaṃ kuto labhissāmī’’ti hi ṭhapetuṃ na vaṭṭati, sannidhi ca hoti, sallekhañca vikopeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sayanasannidhimhi</span> sayananti mañco. Ekassa bhikkhuno eko gabbhe eko divāṭṭhāneti ukkaṃsato dve mañcā vaṭṭanti, tato uttari labhitvā aññassa bhikkhuno vā gaṇassa vā dātabbo, adātuṃ na vaṭṭati, sannidhi ceva hoti, sallekhañca kopeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gandhasannidhimhi</span> <a name="M0.0356"></a> bhikkhuno kaṇḍukacchuchavidosādiābādhe sati gandho vaṭṭati. Tena gandhena tasmiṃ roge vūpasante aññesaṃ vā ābādhikānaṃ dātabbo. Dvāre pañcaṅgulagharadhūpanādīsu vā upanetabbo. ‘‘Puna roge sati bhavissatī’’ti ṭhapetuṃ na vaṭṭati, gandhasannidhi ca hoti, sallekhañca kopeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āmisa</span>nti annādivuttāvasesaṃva daṭṭhabbaṃ. Seyyathidaṃ – idhekacco bhikkhu ‘‘tathārūpe kāle upakārāya bhavissantī’’ti tilataṇḍulamuggamāsanāḷikeraloṇamacchamaṃsavallūrasappitelaguḷa- bhājanādīni āharāpetvā ṭhapeti. So vassakāle kālasseva sāmaṇerehi yāguṃ pacāpetvā bhuñjitvā ‘‘sāmaṇera udakakaddame dukkhaṃ gāmaṃ pavisituṃ, gaccha asukakulaṃ gantvā mayhaṃ vihāre nisinnabhāvaṃ ārocehi, asukakulato dadhiādīni āharā’’ti peseti. Bhikkhūhi ‘‘kiṃ, bhante, gāmaṃ pavisathā’’ti vuttepi ‘‘duppaveso āvuso idāni gāmo’’ti vadati. Te ‘‘hotu, bhante, acchatha tumhe, mayaṃ bhikkhaṃ pariyesitvā āharissāmā’’ti gacchanti. Atha sāmaṇeropi dadhiādīni āharitvā bhattañca byañjanañca sampādetvā upaneti, taṃ bhuñjantasseva <a name="V0.0328"></a> upaṭṭhākā bhattaṃ pahiṇanti, tatopi manāpaṃ manāpaṃ bhuñjati. Atha bhikkhū piṇḍapātaṃ gahetvā āgacchanti, tatopi manāpaṃ manāpaṃ gīvāyāmakaṃ bhuñjatiyeva. Evaṃ catumāsampi vītināmeti. Ayaṃ vuccati bhikkhu ‘‘muṇḍakuṭumbikajīvikaṃ jīvati, na samaṇajīvika’’nti. Evarūpo āmisasannidhi nāma hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bhikkhuno pana vasanaṭṭhāne ekā taṇḍulanāḷi eko guḷapiṇḍo catubhāgamattaṃ sappīti ettakaṃ nidhetuṃ vaṭṭati akāle sampattacorānaṃ atthāya. Te hi ettakampi āmisapaṭisanthāraṃ alabhantā jīvitāpi voropeyyuṃ, tasmā <a name="P2.0405"></a> sacepi ettakaṃ natthi, āharāpetvāpi ṭhapetuṃ vaṭṭati. Aphāsukakāle ca yadettha kappiyaṃ, taṃ attanāpi paribhuñjituṃ vaṭṭati. Kappiyakuṭiyaṃ pana bahuṃ ṭhapentassāpi sannidhi nāma natthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para160"></a><span class="paranum">160</span>. <span class="bld">Jhāyī na pādalolassā</span>ti jhānābhirato ca na ca pādalolo assa. <span class="bld">Virame kukkuccā nappamajjeyyā</span>ti hatthakukkuccādikukkuccaṃ vinodeyya, sakkaccakāritāya cettha nappamajjeyya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekattamanuyutto</span>ti <a name="M0.0357"></a> ekībhāvaṃ anuyutto. <span class="bld">Paramatthagaruko</span>ti uttamatthagaruko. ‘‘Sakatthagaruko’’ti vā pāṭho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭisallānārāmo</span>ti āramaṇaṃ ārāmo, tato tato ārammaṇato paṭisaṃharitvā ekībhāve paṭisallāne ārāmo yassa so paṭisallānārāmo. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti bhaveyya. Tasmiṃ ratoti <span class="bld">paṭisallānarato</span>. Etehi sīlesu paripūrakāritaṃ dasseti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Sīlavipannassa ekaggatāpi na sampajjati. <span class="bld">Ajjhattaṃ cetosamathamanuyutto</span>ti attano cittasamathe yutto. Ettha hi ajjhattanti vā attanoti vā etaṃ ekatthaṃ, byañjanameva nānaṃ. Bhummatthe panetaṃ upayogavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Anū</span>ti iminā upasaggena yoge siddhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anirākatajjhāno</span>ti bahi anihatajjhāno avināsitajjhāno vā. Nīharaṇavināsatthañhi idaṃ nirākaraṇaṃ nāma. ‘‘Thambhaṃ niraṃkatvā nivātavuttī’’tiādīsu (su. ni. 328) cassa payogo daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Vipassanāya samannāgato</span>ti sattavidhāya anupassanāya yutto. Sattavidhā anupassanā nāma aniccānupassanā dukkhānupassanā anattānupassanā nibbidānupassanā virāgānupassanā nirodhānupassanā paṭinissaggānupassanāti. Tā visuddhimagge (visuddhi. 2.741 ādayo, 849 ādayo) vitthāritā<a name="V0.0329"></a>. <span class="bld">Byūhetā suññāgārāna</span>nti vaḍḍhetā suññāgārānaṃ. Ettha ca samathavipassanāvasena kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā rattindivaṃ suññāgāraṃ pavisitvā nisīdamāno bhikkhu ‘‘brūhetā suññāgārāna’’nti <a name="P2.0406"></a> veditabbo. Ekabhūmakādibhede pāsāde kurumānopi suññāgārānaṃ brūhetāti daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sakkaccakārī</span>tiādīsu dānādīnaṃ kusaladhammānaṃ bhāvanāya puggalassa vā deyyadhammassa vā sakkaccakāritāvasena sakkaccakārī. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti bhaveyya. Satatabhāvo sātaccaṃ, sātaccakāritāvasena <span class="bld">sātaccakārī</span>. Nirantarakāritāya <span class="bld">aṭṭhitakārī</span>. Yathā nāma kakaṇṭako thokaṃ gantvā thokaṃ tiṭṭhati, na nirantaraṃ gacchati, evameva yo puggalo ekadivasaṃ dānaṃ datvā pūjaṃ vā katvā dhammaṃ vā sutvā samaṇadhammaṃ vā katvā puna cirassaṃ karoti, taṃ na nirantaraṃ pavatteti. So ‘‘asātaccakārī, ṭhitakārī’’ti vuccati. Yo pana evaṃ na hoti, so aṭṭhitakārī. <span class="bld">Anolīnavuttiko</span>ti nirantarakaraṇasaṅkhātassa <a name="M0.0358"></a> vipphārassa atthitāya na olīnavuttiko. <span class="bld">Anikkhittacchando</span>ti kusalakiriyāya vīriyacchandassa anikkhittabhāvena anikkhittacchando. <span class="bld">Anikkhittadhuro</span>ti vīriyadhurassa anoropako, anosakkitamānasoti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Appaṭivānī</span>ti anivattanaṃ. <span class="bld">Adhiṭṭhāna</span>nti kusalakaraṇe patiṭṭhābhāvo. <span class="bld">Anuyogo</span>ti anuyuñjanaṃ. <span class="bld">Appamādo</span>ti satiyā avippavāso.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para161"></a><span class="paranum">161</span>. <span class="bld">Tandiṃ māyaṃ hassaṃ khiḍḍa</span>nti ālasiyañca māyañca hassañca kāyikaṃ vācasikaṃ khiḍḍañca. <span class="bld">Savibhūsa</span>nti saddhiṃ vibhūsāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rattindivaṃ chakoṭṭhāsaṃ karitvā</span>ti purimayāmamajjhimayāmapacchimayāmavasena rattiṃ tayo tathā divāti chabbidhaṃ koṭṭhāsaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Pañcakoṭṭhāsaṃ paṭijaggeyyā</span>ti rattiṃ majjhimayāmaṃ vissajjetvā avasesapañcakoṭṭhāsesu na niddaṃ okkameyya. <span class="bld">Ekakoṭṭhāsaṃ nipajjeyyā</span>ti ekaṃ majjhimayāmakoṭṭhāsaṃ sato sampajāno nipajjitvā niddaṃ okkameyya.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idha bhikkhu divasampi pubbaṇhe majjhanhe sāyanheti tayopi divasakoṭṭhāsā gahitā. <span class="bld">Caṅkamena nisajjāyā</span>ti sakalaṃ divasaṃ iminā iriyāpathadvayeneva viharanto cittassa āvaraṇato <span class="bld">āvaraṇīyehi dhammehi</span> pañcahi nīvaraṇehi sabbākusaladhammehi vā. <span class="bld">Cittaṃ parisodheyyā</span>ti tehi dhammehi <a name="V0.0330"></a> cittaṃ <a name="P2.0407"></a> visodheyya. Ṭhānaṃ panettha kiñcāpi na gahitaṃ, caṅkamanisajjāsannissitaṃ pana katvā gahetabbameva. <span class="bld">Paṭhamaṃ yāma</span>nti sakalasmimpi paṭhamayāme.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Seyya</span>nti ettha kāmabhogīseyyā petaseyyā sīhaseyyā tathāgataseyyāti catasso seyyā. Tattha ‘‘yebhuyyena, bhikkhave, kāmabhogī vāmena passena sentī’’ti (a. ni. 1.4246) ayaṃ <span class="bld">kāmabhogīseyyā</span>. Tesu hi yebhuyyena dakkhiṇapassena sayāno nāma natthi. ‘‘Yebhuyyena, bhikkhave, petā uttānā sentī’’ti (a. ni. 4.246) ayaṃ <span class="bld">petaseyyā</span>. Appamaṃsalohitattā hi aṭṭhisaṅghāṭaghaṭṭitā ekena passena sayituṃ na sakkonti, uttānāva senti. ‘‘Sīho, bhikkhave, migarājā dakkhiṇena passena seyyaṃ kappeti…pe… attamano hotī’’ti (a. ni. 4.246) ayaṃ <span class="bld">sīhaseyyā</span>. Tejussadattā hi sīho migarājā dve purimapāde ekasmiṃ pacchimapāde ekasmiṃ ṭhāne <a name="M0.0359"></a> ṭhapetvā naṅguṭṭhaṃ antarasatthimhi pakkhipitvā purimapādapacchimapādanaṅguṭṭhānaṃ ṭhitokāsaṃ sallakkhetvā dvinnaṃ purimapādānaṃ matthake sīsaṃ ṭhapetvā sayati. Divasampi sayitvā pabujjhamāno na utrasto pabujjhati, sīsaṃ pana ukkhipitvā purimapādādīnaṃ ṭhitokāsaṃ sallakkheti. Sace kiñci ṭhānaṃ vijahitvā ṭhitaṃ hoti, ‘‘nayidaṃ tuyhaṃ jātiyā, na sūrabhāvassa anurūpa’’nti anattamano hutvā tattheva sayati, na gocarāya pakkamati. Avijahitvā ṭhite pana ‘‘tuyhaṃ jātiyā ca sūrabhāvassa ca anurūpamida’’nti haṭṭhatuṭṭho uṭṭhāya sīhavijambhitaṃ vijambhitvā kesarabhāraṃ vidhunitvā tikkhattuṃ sīhanādaṃ naditvā gocarāya pakkamati. Catutthajjhānaseyyā pana <span class="bld">tathāgataseyyā</span>ti vuccati. Tāsu idha sīhaseyyā āgatā. Ayañhi tejussadairiyāpathattā uttamaseyyā nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pāde pāda</span>nti dakkhiṇapāde vāmapādaṃ. <span class="bld">Accādhāyā</span>ti atiādhāya īsakaṃ atikkamma ṭhapetvā. Gopphakena hi gopphake, jāṇunā vā jāṇumhi saṅghaṭṭiyamāne abhiṇhaṃ vedanā uppajjati, cittaṃ ekaggaṃ na hoti, seyyā aphāsu hoti. Yathā pana na saṅghaṭṭeti, evaṃ atikkamma ṭhapite vedanā nuppajjati, cittaṃ ekaggaṃ hoti, seyyā <a name="P2.0408"></a> phāsu hoti. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘pāde pādaṃ accādhāyā’’ti. <span class="bld">Sato sampajāno</span>ti satiyā ceva sampajānapaññāya ca samannāgato hutvā. Iminā supariggāhakaṃ satisampajaññaṃ kathitaṃ. <span class="bld">Uṭṭhānasaññaṃ manasikaritvā</span>ti ‘‘asukavelāya nāma uṭṭhahissāmī’’ti evaṃ uṭṭhānavelāparicchedakaṃ uṭṭhānasaññaṃ citte ṭhapetvā. Evaṃ katvā nipanno hi yathāparicchinnakāleyeva uṭṭhāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vīriyindriyaniddese <span class="bld">cetasiko</span>ti idaṃ vīriyassa niyamato cetasikabhāvadīpanatthaṃ vuttaṃ, idañhi <a name="V0.0331"></a> vīriyaṃ ‘‘yadapi, bhikkhave, kāyikaṃ vīriyaṃ, tadapi vīriyasambojjhaṅgo, yadapi cetasikaṃ vīriyaṃ, tadapi vīriyasambojjhaṅgoti. Itihidaṃ uddesaṃ gacchatī’’ti evamādīsu suttesu (saṃ. ni. 5.233) caṅkamādīni karontassa uppajjanatāya kāyikanti vuccamānampi kāyaviññāṇaṃ viya kāyikaṃ nāma natthi, cetasikameva panetanti dīpetuṃ ‘‘cetasiko’’ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Vīriyārambho</span>ti vīriyasaṅkhāto ārambho. Ayañhi ārambhasaddo kamme āpattiyaṃ kiriyāyaṃ vīriye hiṃsāyaṃ vikopaneti anekesu atthesu āgato.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yaṃ <a name="M0.0360"></a> kiñci dukkhaṃ sambhoti, sabbaṃ ārambhapaccayā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Ārambhānaṃ nirodhena, natthi dukkhassa sambhavo’’ti. (su. ni. 749) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Ettha hi kammaṃ ārambhoti āgataṃ. ‘‘Ārambhati ca vippaṭisārī ca hotī’’ti (a. ni. 5.142; pu. pa. 191) ettha āpatti. ‘‘Mahāyaññā mahārambhā, na te honti mahapphalā’’ti (a. ni. 4.39; saṃ. ni. 1.120) ettha yūpussāpanādikiriyā. ‘‘Ārambhatha nikkamatha, yuñjatha buddhasāsane’’ti (saṃ. ni. 1.185; kathā. 333; netti. 29; peṭako. 38; mi. pa. 5.1.4) ettha vīriyaṃ. ‘‘Samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ uddissa pāṇaṃ ārambhantī’’ti (ma. ni. 2.51) ettha hiṃsā. ‘‘Bījagāmabhūtagāmasamārambhā paṭivirato hotī’’ti (dī. ni. 1.10; ma. ni. 1.293) ettha chedanabhañjanādikaṃ vikopanaṃ. Idha pana vīriyameva adhippetaṃ. Tenāha ‘‘vīriyārambhoti vīriyasaṅkhāto ārambho’’ti. Vīriyañhi ārambhanavasena ārambhoti vuccati. Idamassa sabhāvapadaṃ. Kosajjato nikkhamanavasena <span class="bld">nikkamo</span>. Paraṃ paraṃ ṭhānaṃ akkamanavasena <span class="bld">parakkamo</span>. Uggantvā yamanavasena <a name="P2.0409"></a> <span class="bld">uyyāmo</span>. Vāyamanavasena <span class="bld">vāyāmo</span>. Ussahanavasena <span class="bld">ussāho</span>. Adhimattussahanavasena <span class="bld">ussoḷhī</span>. Thirabhāvaṭṭhena <span class="bld">thāmo</span>. Cittacetasikānaṃ dhāraṇavasena avicchedato vā pavattanavasena kusalasantānaṃ dhāretīti <span class="bld">dhiti</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparo nayo – <span class="bld">nikkamo</span> ceso kāmānaṃ panudanāya. <span class="bld">Parakkamo</span> ceso bandhanacchedāya. <span class="bld">Uyyāmo</span> ceso oghassa nittharaṇāya. <span class="bld">Vāyāmo</span> ceso pāraṃ gamanaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Ussāho</span> ceso pubbaṅgamaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Ussoḷhī</span> ceso adhimattaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Thāmo</span> ceso palighugghāṭanatāya. <span class="bld">Dhiti</span> ceso aṭṭhitakāritāyāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Kāmaṃ taco ca nhāru ca, aṭṭhi ca avasissatū’’ti (a. ni. 2.5) evaṃ pavattikāle <a name="V0.0332"></a> asithilaparakkamavasena <span class="bld">asithilaparakkamatā,</span> thiraparakkamo daḷhaparakkamoti attho. Yasmā panetaṃ vīriyaṃ kusalakammakaraṇaṭṭhāne chandaṃ na nikkhipati, dhuraṃ na nikkhipati, na otāreti na vissajjeti, anosakkitamānasataṃ āvahati, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘anikkhittacchandatā anikkhittadhuratā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Yathā pana tajjātike udakasambhinnaṭṭhāne dhuravāhagoṇaṃ ‘‘gaṇhathā’’ti vadanti, so jāṇunā bhūmiṃ uppīḷetvāpi dhuraṃ vahati, bhūmiyaṃ patituṃ na deti, evameva <a name="M0.0361"></a> vīriyaṃ kusalakammakaraṇaṭṭhāne dhuraṃ na nikkhipati paggaṇhāti, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘dhurasampaggāho’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Paggahalakkhaṇe indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti <span class="bld">vīriyindriyaṃ</span>. Kosajje na kampatīti <span class="bld">vīriyabalaṃ</span>. Yāthāvaniyyānikakusalavāyāmatāya <span class="bld">sammāvāyāmo</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tandī</span>ti jātiālasiyaṃ. <span class="bld">Tandiyanā</span>ti tandiyanākāro. <span class="bld">Tandimanakatā</span>ti tandiyā abhibhūtacittatā. Alasassa bhāvo <span class="bld">ālasyaṃ,</span> ālasyāyanākāro <span class="bld">ālasyāyanā</span>. Ālasyāyitassa bhāvo <span class="bld">ālasyāyitattaṃ</span>. Iti sabbehi imehi padehi kilesavasena kāyālasiyaṃ kathitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vañcanikā cariyā</span>ti vañcanikā kiriyā. <span class="bld">Mā maṃ jaññāti vācaṃ bhāsatī</span>ti jānaṃyeva paṇṇattiṃ vītikkamanto bhikkhu bhāriyaṃ karoti, amhākaṃ pana vītikkamaṭṭhānaṃ nāma natthīti upasanto viya bhāsati. <span class="bld">Kāyena parakkamatī</span>ti <a name="P2.0410"></a> ‘‘mayā kataṃ idaṃ pāpakammaṃ mā keci jāniṃsū’’ti kāyena vattaṃ karoti. Vijjamānadosapaṭicchādanato cakkhumohanamāyā viyāti māyā, māyāvino bhāvo <span class="bld">māyāvitā</span>. Katvā pāpaṃ puna paṭicchādanato ati assarati etāya sattoti <span class="bld">accasarā</span>. Kāyavācākiriyāhi aññathā dassanato vañcetīti <span class="bld">vañcanā</span>. Etāya sattā nikarontīti <span class="bld">nikati,</span> micchā karontīti attho. ‘‘Nāhaṃ evaṃ karomī’’ti pāpānaṃ nikkhipanato <span class="bld">nikiraṇā</span>. ‘‘Nāhaṃ evaṃ karomī’’ti parivajjanato <span class="bld">pariharaṇā</span>. Kāyādīhi saṃvaraṇato <span class="bld">gūhanā</span>. Sabbato bhāgena gūhanā <span class="bld">parigūhanā</span>. Tiṇapaṇṇehi viya gūthaṃ kāyavacīkammehi pāpaṃ chādiyatīti <span class="bld">chādanā</span>. Sabbato bhāgena chādanā <span class="bld">paricchādanā</span>. Na uttānaṃ katvā dassetīti <span class="bld">anuttānīkammaṃ</span>. Na pākaṭaṃ katvā dassetīti <span class="bld">anāvikammaṃ</span>. Suṭṭhu chādanā <span class="bld">vocchādanā</span>. Katapāpapaṭicchādanavasena punapi pāpassa karaṇato <span class="bld">pāpakiriyā. Ayaṃ vuccatī</span>ti ayaṃ katapaṭicchādanalakkhaṇā māyā nāma vuccati. Yāya samannāgato puggalo bhasmāpaṭicchanno viya aṅgāro, udakapaṭicchanno viya khāṇu, pilotikāya paliveṭhitaṃ viya ca satthaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Ativelaṃ dantavidaṃsakaṃ hasatī</span>ti pamāṇātikkantaṃ dantaṃ vivaritvā paresaṃ dassetvā hāsaṃ somanassaṃ uppādetvā hasati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāyikā</span> <a name="V0.0333"></a><a name="M0.0362"></a> <span class="bld">ca khiḍḍā</span>ti kāyena pavattā kīḷā. Eseva nayo <span class="bld">vācasikāya</span>pi. <span class="bld">Hatthīhipi kīḷantī</span>ti hatthīhi kīḷitatthāya purato dhāvanaādhāvanapiṭṭhanisīdanādikīṭṭhāya kīḷanti. Eseva nayo <span class="bld">assarathesu</span>pi. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhapadepi kīḷantī</span>ti ekekāya pantiyā aṭṭha aṭṭha padāni assāti aṭṭhapadaṃ, tasmiṃ aṭṭhapade. <span class="bld">Dasapade</span>pi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Ākāsepī</span>ti aṭṭhapadadasapadesu viya ākāseyeva kīḷanti. <span class="bld">Parihārapathepī</span>ti bhūmiyaṃ nānāpathamaṇḍalaṃ katvā tattha pariharitabbapathaṃ pariharantā kīḷanti. <span class="bld">Santikāyapi kīḷantī</span>ti santikakīḷāya kīḷanti, ekajjhaṃ ṭhapitā <a name="P2.0411"></a> sāriyo vā pāsāṇasakkharāyo vā acālentā nakheneva apanenti ca upanenti ca. Sace tattha kāci calati, parājayo hotīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Khalikāyā</span>ti jūtaphalake pāsakakīḷāya kīḷanti. <span class="bld">Ghaṭikāyā</span>ti ghaṭikā vuccati dīghadaṇḍakena rassadaṇḍakaṃ paharaṇakīḷā, tāya kīḷanti. <span class="bld">Salākahatthenā</span>ti lākhāya vā mañjaṭṭhiyā vā piṭṭhodakena vā salākahatthaṃ temetvā ‘‘kiṃ hotū’’ti bhūmiyaṃ vā bhittiyaṃ vā taṃ paharitvā hatthiassādirūpāni dassentā kīḷanti. <span class="bld">Akkhenā</span>ti guḷena. <span class="bld">Paṅkacīrenā</span>ti paṅkacīraṃ vuccati paṇṇanāḷikā, taṃ dhamantā kīḷanti. <span class="bld">Vaṅkakenā</span>ti gāmadārakānaṃ kīḷanakena khuddakanaṅgalena. <span class="bld">Mokkhacikāyā</span>ti samparivattakakīḷāya, ākāse vā daṇḍaṃ gahetvā bhūmiyaṃ vā sīsaṃ ṭhapetvā heṭṭhupariyabhāvena parivattantā kīḷantīti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Ciṅgulakenā</span>ti ciṅgulakaṃ vuccati tālapaṇṇādīhi kataṃ vātappahārena paribbhamanacakkaṃ, tena kīḷanti. <span class="bld">Pattāḷhakenā</span>ti pattāḷhakaṃ vuccati paṇṇanāḷi, tāya vālikādīni minantā kīḷanti. <span class="bld">Rathakenā</span>ti khuddakarathena. <span class="bld">Dhanukenā</span>ti khuddakadhanunā. <span class="bld">Akkharikāyā</span>ti akkharikā vuccati ākāse vā piṭṭhiyaṃ vā akkharajānanakīḷā, tāya kīḷanti. <span class="bld">Manesikāyā</span>ti manesikā vuccati manasā cintitajānanakīḷā, tāya kīḷanti. <span class="bld">Yathāvajjenā</span>ti yathāvajjaṃ vuccati kāṇakuṇikhujjādīnaṃ yaṃ yaṃ vajjaṃ, taṃ taṃ payojetvā dassanakīḷā, tāya kīḷanti. <span class="bld">Mukhabherika</span>nti mukhasaddena bherī viya vādanaṃ. <span class="bld">Mukhālambara</span>nti mukhānulittabherisaddakaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Mukhaḍiṇḍimaka</span>nti mukhena pahatabherisaddakaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Mukhavalimaka</span>nti oṭṭhamaṃsaṃ jimhaṃ katvā saddakaraṇaṃ. ‘‘Mukhatalika’’ntipi pāṭho, mukhaṃ parivattetvā dhamanaṃ<a name="M0.0363"></a>. <span class="bld">Mukhabheruḷaka</span>nti mukhena bherivādanaṃ. <span class="bld">Nāṭaka</span>nti abhinayaṃ dassetvā uggaṇhāpanaṃ. ‘‘Naṭṭaka’’ntipi pāṭho. <span class="bld">Lāpa</span>nti ukkuṭṭhitakaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Gīta</span>nti gāyanaṃ. <span class="bld">Davakamma</span>nti <a name="P2.0412"></a> hassakīḷākaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ vācasikā khiḍḍā</span>ti ayaṃ kīḷā vācāya jātā vacīdvāre uppannā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kesā ca massu cā</span>tiādīsu kesānaṃ kattarikāya ṭhānātirittāni akatvā kattarikāya chedanaṃ <a name="V0.0334"></a> massūnaṃ dāṭhikaṃ ṭhapetvā kappāsanañca ekatovaṇḍikādi<span class="bld">mālā</span> ca mūlagandhādi<span class="bld">gandhā</span> ca chavikaraṇa<span class="bld">vilepanā</span> ca. Gīvādīsu piḷandhana<span class="bld">ābharaṇā</span> ca sīse paṭimuñcanapasādhana<span class="bld">piḷandhanā</span> ca sarīranivāsanavicitra<span class="bld">vatthā</span> ca saṃvelliyabandhanapasādhanañca. ‘‘Parāsana’’ntipi pāṭho. Sīsaveṭhanapaṭasaṅkhāta<span class="bld">veṭhanañca</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ucchādanā</span>dīsu mātukucchito nikkhantadārakānaṃ sarīragandho dvādasamattavassakāle nassati, tesaṃ sarīragandhaharaṇatthāya gandhacuṇṇādīhi ucchādenti, evarūpaṃ <span class="bld">ucchādanaṃ</span> na vaṭṭati. Puññavante pana dārake ūrūsu nipajjāpetvā telena makkhetvā hatthapādaūrunābhiādīnaṃ saṇṭhānasampādanatthaṃ parimaddanti, evarūpaṃ <span class="bld">parimaddanaṃ</span> na vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nhāpana</span>nti tesaṃyeva dārakānaṃ gandhādīhi nhāpanaṃ. <span class="bld">Sambāhana</span>nti mahāmallānaṃ viya hatthapāde muggarādīhi paharitvā bāhuvaḍḍhanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ādāsa</span>nti yaṃkiñci ādāsaṃ pariharituṃ na vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Añjanaṃ</span> alaṅkārañjanameva. <span class="bld">Mālā</span>ti baddhamālā vā abaddhamālā vā. <span class="bld">Vilepana</span>nti yaṃkiñci chavirāgakaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Mukhacuṇṇakaṃ mukhalepana</span>nti mukhe kāḷapīḷakādīnaṃ haraṇatthāya mattikākakkaṃ denti. Tena lohite calite sāsapakakkaṃ denti, tena dose khādite tilakakkaṃ denti, tena lohite sannisinne haliddikakkaṃ denti, tena chavivaṇṇe ārūḷhe mukhacuṇṇakena mukhaṃ cuṇṇenti, taṃ sabbaṃ na vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Hatthabandhā</span>dīsu hatthe vicitrasaṅkhakapālādīni bandhitvā vicaranti, taṃ vā aññaṃ vā sabbampi hatthābharaṇaṃ na vaṭṭati. Apare sikhaṃ bandhitvā vicaranti, suvaṇṇacīrakamuttāvaḷiādīhi ca taṃ parikkhipanti, taṃ sabbaṃ na vaṭṭati. Apare catuhatthadaṇḍaṃ vā aññaṃ vā pana alaṅkatadaṇḍakaṃ gahetvā vicaranti<a name="P2.0413"></a>, tathā itthipurisarūpādivicittaṃ bhesajjanāḷikaṃ suparikkhittaṃ vāmapasse olaggenti, apare <a name="M0.0364"></a> anekacitrakosaṃ atitikhiṇaṃ asiṃ, pañcavaṇṇasuttasibbitaṃ makaradantakādivicittaṃ chattaṃ, suvaṇṇarajatādivicitrā morapiñchādiparikkhittā upāhanā, keci ratanamattāyāmaṃ caturaṅgulavitthataṃ kesantaparicchedaṃ dassetvā meghamukhe vijjulataṃ viya nalāṭe uṇhīsapaṭṭaṃ bandhitvā cūḷāmaṇiṃ dhārenti, cāmaravālabījaniṃ dhārenti, taṃ sabbaṃ na vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Imassa vā pūtikāyassā</span>ti imassa cātumahābhūtamayassa kuṇapasarīrassa. <span class="bld">Keḷanā</span>ti kīḷāpanā<a name="V0.0335"></a>. <span class="bld">Parikeḷanā</span>ti sabbato bhāgena kīḷāpanā. <span class="bld">Gedhitatā</span>ti abhikaṅkhitatā. <span class="bld">Gedhitatta</span>nti giddhabhāvo abhikaṅkhitabhāvo. <span class="bld">Capalatā</span>ti alaṅkārakaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Cāpalya</span>nti capalabhāvaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Savibhūsa</span>ntiādīsu vibhūsāya saha savibhūsaṃ. Chavirāgakaraṇasaṅkhātena parivārena saha <span class="bld">saparivāraṃ</span>. Paribhaṇḍena saha <span class="bld">saparibhaṇḍaṃ</span>. Parikkhārena saha <span class="bld">saparikkhāraṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para162"></a><span class="paranum">162</span>. <span class="bld">Āthabbaṇa</span>nti āthabbaṇikamantappayogaṃ. <span class="bld">Supina</span>nti supinasatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Lakkhaṇa</span>nti maṇilakkhaṇādiṃ. <span class="bld">No vidahe</span>ti nappayojeyya. <span class="bld">Virutañcā</span>ti migādīnaṃ vaṭṭetvā vassitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āthabbaṇikā</span>ti parūpaghātamantajānanakā. <span class="bld">Āthabbaṇaṃ payojentī</span>ti āthabbaṇikā kira sattāhaṃ aloṇakaṃ bhuñjitvā dabbe attharitvā pathaviyaṃ sayamānā tapaṃ caritvā sattame divase susānabhūmiṃ sajjetvā sattame pade ṭhatvā hatthaṃ vaṭṭetvā vaṭṭetvā mukhena vijjaṃ parijappanti, atha tesaṃ kammaṃ samijjhati. Evarūpaṃ sandhāya <span class="bld">‘‘āthabbaṇaṃ payojentī’’</span>ti āha. Tattha <span class="bld">payojentī</span>ti yuttappayuttā honti. <span class="bld">Nagare vā ruddhe</span>ti nagare samantato rundhitvā āvaritvā gahite. <span class="bld">Saṅgāme vā paccupaṭṭhite</span>ti raṇe upagantvā ṭhite. <span class="bld">Paccatthikesu paccāmittesū</span>ti paṭāṇībhūtesu verīsu. <span class="bld">Ītiṃ uppādentī</span>ti sarīracalanaṃ kampanaṃ, tassa uppādanaṃ karonti. <span class="bld">Upaddava</span>nti kāyapīḷanaṃ karonti. <span class="bld">Roga</span>nti <a name="P2.0414"></a> byādhiṃ. <span class="bld">Pajjaraka</span>nti jaraṃ. <span class="bld">Sūla</span>nti uddhumātakaṃ. <span class="bld">Visūcika</span>nti vijjhanaṃ. <span class="bld">Pakkhandika</span>nti lohitapakkhandikaṃ. <span class="bld">Karontī</span>ti uppādenti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Supinapāṭhakā</span>ti supinabyākaraṇakā. <span class="bld">Ādisantī</span>ti byākaronti. <span class="bld">Yo pubbaṇhasamayaṃ supinaṃ passatī</span>tiādīsu accantasaṃyoge upayogavacanaṃ, pubbaṇhasamayeti attho. <span class="bld">Evaṃ vipāko hotī</span>ti iṭṭhāniṭṭhavasena evarūpo <a name="M0.0365"></a> vipāko hoti. <span class="bld">Avakujja nipanno</span>ti adhomukho hutvā nipanno passati. Evaṃ supinapāṭhakā supinaṃ ādisanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tañca pana supinaṃ passanto catūhi kāraṇehi passati dhātukkhobhato vā anubhūtapubbato vā devatopasaṃhārato vā pubbanimittato vāti. Tattha pittādīnaṃ khobhakaraṇapaccayayogena khubhitadhātuko <span class="bld">dhātukkhobhato</span> supinaṃ passati, passanto ca nānāvidhaṃ supinaṃ passati. <span class="bld">Anubhūtapubbato</span> passanto pubbe anubhūtapubbaṃ ārammaṇaṃ passati. <span class="bld">Devatopasaṃhārato</span> passanto devatānaṃ ānubhāvena ārammaṇāni passati. <span class="bld">Pubbanimittato</span> passanto puññāpuññavasena uppajjitukāmassa atthassa vā anatthassa vā pubbanimittabhūtaṃ supinaṃ passati<a name="V0.0336"></a>. Tattha yaṃ dhātukkhobhato anubhūtapubbato ca supinaṃ passati, na taṃ saccaṃ hoti. Yaṃ devatopasaṃhārato passati, taṃ saccaṃ vā hoti alikaṃ vā. Kuddhā hi devatā upāyena vināsetukāmā viparītampi katvā dassenti. Yaṃ pana pubbanimittato passati, taṃ ekantasaccameva hoti. Etesaṃ catunnaṃ mūlakāraṇānaṃ saṃsaggabhedatopi supinabhedo hotiyeva. Tañca panetaṃ catubbidhaṃ supinaṃ sekkhaputhujjanāva passanti appahīnavipallāsattā. Asekkhā na passanti pahīnavipallāsattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kiṃ panetaṃ passanto sutto passati, udāhu paṭibuddho, udāhu neva sutto na paṭibuddhoti? Kiñcettha – yadi tāva sutto passati, abhidhammavirodho āpajjati. Bhavaṅgacittena hi supati, taṃ rūpanimittādiārammaṇaṃ rāgādisampayuttaṃ vā na hoti, supinaṃ passantassa ca īdisāni cittāni uppajjanti. Atha paṭibuddho passati, vinayavirodho āpajjati. Yañhi paṭibuddho passati, taṃ sabbohārikacittena passati, sabbohārikacittena ca kate vītikkame <a name="P2.0415"></a> anāpatti nāma natthi, supinaṃ passantena pana kate vītikkame ekantaṃ anāpatti eva. Atha neva sutto na paṭibuddho passati, ko nāma passati. Evañca sati supinassa abhāvova āpajjati, na abhāvo. Kasmā? Yasmā kapiniddāpareto passati. Vuttañhetaṃ – ‘‘majjhūpagato, mahārāja, kapiniddāpareto supinaṃ passatī’’ti (mi. pa. 5.3.5).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kapiniddāpareto</span>ti <a name="M0.0366"></a> makkaṭaniddāya yutto. Yathā hi makkaṭassa niddā lahuparivattā hoti, evaṃ yā niddā punappunaṃ kusalādicittavokiṇṇattā lahuviparivattā. Yassā pavattiyaṃ punappunaṃ bhavaṅgato uttaraṇaṃ hoti, tāya yutto supinaṃ passati. Tenāyaṃ supino kusalopi hoti akusalopi abyākatopi. Tattha supinante cetiyavandanadhammassavanadhammadesanādīni karontassa kusalo, pāṇātipātādīni karontassa akusalo, dvīhi antehi mutto āvajjanatadārammaṇakkhaṇe abyākatoti veditabbo. Svāyaṃ dubbalavatthukattā cetanāya paṭisandhiṃ ākaḍḍhituṃ asamattho, pavatte pana aññehi kusalākusalehi upatthambhito vipākaṃ deti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Maṇilakkhaṇā</span>dīsu evarūpo maṇi pasattho, evarūpo apasattho, sāmino ārogyaissariyādīnaṃ hetu hoti, na hotīti evaṃ vaṇṇasaṇṭhānādivasena maṇiādīnaṃ lakkhaṇaṃ ādisantīti attho. Tattha <span class="bld">āvudhalakkhaṇa</span>nti ṭhapetvā asiādīni avasesaṃ āvudhaṃ<a name="V0.0337"></a>. <span class="bld">Itthilakkhaṇā</span>dīnipi yamhi kule itthipurisādayo vasanti, tassa vuddhihānivaseneva veditabbāni. <span class="bld">Ajalakkhaṇā</span>dīsu pana ‘‘evarūpānaṃ ajādīnaṃ maṃsaṃ khāditabbaṃ, evarūpānaṃ na khāditabba’’nti ayampi viseso veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Api cettha godhāya lakkhaṇe cittakammapiḷandhanādīsupi ‘‘evarūpāya godhāya sati idaṃ nāma hotī’’ti ayampi viseso veditabbo. <span class="bld">Kaṇṇikālakkhaṇaṃ</span> piḷandhanakaṇṇikāyapi gehakaṇṇikāyapi vasena veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Kacchapalakkhaṇa</span>mpi godhalakkhaṇasadisameva. <span class="bld">Migalakkhaṇaṃ</span> sabbasaṅgāhikaṃ sabbacatuppadānaṃ lakkhaṇavasena vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Evaṃ lakkhaṇapāṭhakā lakkhaṇaṃ ādisantī</span>ti evaṃ lakkhaṇasatthavācakā lakkhaṇaṃ ādisanti kathenti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nakkhattānī</span>ti <a name="P2.0416"></a> kattikādīni aṭṭhavīsati nakkhattāni. <span class="bld">Iminā nakkhattena gharappaveso kātabbo</span>ti gehappavesamaṅgalaṃ kātabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Makuṭaṃ bandhitabba</span>nti pasādhanamaṅgalaṃ kātabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Vāreyya</span>nti ‘‘imassa dārakassa asukakulato asukanakkhattena dārikaṃ ānethā’’ti āvāhakaraṇañca ‘‘imaṃ dārikaṃ asukassa nāma dārakassa asukanakkhattena detha, evaṃ etesaṃ vuḍḍhi bhavissatī’’ti vivāhakaraṇañca vatvā vāreyyasaṅkhātaṃ āvāhavivāhamaṅgalaṃ kātabbanti ādisanti. <span class="bld">Bījanīhāro</span>ti bījānaṃ vappatthāya bahi nīharaṇaṃ. ‘‘Niharo’’tipi <a name="M0.0367"></a> pāḷi. <span class="bld">Migavākka</span>nti idaṃ sabbasaṅgāhikanāmaṃ, sabbasakuṇacatuppadānaṃ rutañāṇavaseneva vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Migavākkapāṭhakā</span>ti sakuntacatuppadānaṃ saddabyākaraṇakā. <span class="bld">Migavākkaṃ ādisantī</span>ti tesaṃ saddaṃ sutvā byākaronti. <span class="bld">Ruta</span>nti saddaṃ. ‘‘Ruda’’nti vā pāḷi. <span class="bld">Vassita</span>nti vācaṃ. <span class="bld">Gabbhakaraṇīyā</span>ti vinassamānassa gabbhassa puna avināsāya osadhadānena gabbhasaṇṭhānakārakā. Gabbho hi vātena pāṇakehi kammunā cāti tīhi kāraṇehi vinassati. Tattha vātena vinassante vātavināsanaṃ sītalaṃ bhesajjaṃ deti. Pāṇakehi vinassante pāṇakānaṃ paṭikammaṃ karoti. Kammunā vinassante pana buddhāpi paṭibāhituṃ na sakkonti. Tasmā na taṃ idha gahitaṃ. <span class="bld">Sālākiya</span>nti salākavejjakammaṃ. <span class="bld">Sallakattiya</span>nti sallakattavejjakammaṃ. <span class="bld">Kāyatikiccha</span>nti mūlabhesajjādīni yojetvā kāyatikicchavejjakammaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhūtiya</span>nti bhūtavejjakammaṃ. <span class="bld">Komārabhacca</span>nti komārakavejjakammaṃ. <span class="bld">Kuhā</span>ti vimhāpakā. <span class="bld">Thaddhā</span>ti dārukkhandhaṃ viya thaddhasarīrā. <span class="bld">Lapā</span>ti paccayapaṭibaddhavacanakā. <span class="bld">Siṅgi</span>ti maṇḍanapakatikā. <span class="bld">Unnaḷā</span>ti uggatamānanaḷā. <span class="bld">Asamāhitā</span>ti upacārappanāsamādhivirahitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na gaṇheyyā</span>tiādīsu uddesaggahaṇavasena <span class="bld">na gaṇheyya</span>. Sajjhāyavasena <span class="bld">na uggaṇheyya</span>. Citte <a name="V0.0338"></a> ṭhapanavasena <span class="bld">na dhāreyya</span>. Samīpaṃ katvā ṭhapanavasena <span class="bld">na upadhāreyya</span>. Upaparikkhāvasena <span class="bld">na upalakkheyya</span>. Aññesaṃ vācanavasena <span class="bld">nappayojeyya</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para163"></a><span class="paranum">163</span>. <span class="bld">Pesuṇiya</span>nti <a name="P2.0417"></a> pesuññaṃ. Sesaniddeso ca vuttatthoyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para164"></a><span class="paranum">164</span>. <span class="bld">Kayavikkaye</span>ti pañcahi sahadhammikehi saddhiṃ vañcanavasena vā udayapatthanāvasena vā na tiṭṭheyya. <span class="bld">Upavādaṃ bhikkhu na kareyyā</span>ti upavādakare kilese anibbattento attani parehi samaṇabrāhmaṇehi upavādaṃ na janeyya. <span class="bld">Gāme ca nābhisajjeyyā</span>ti gāme ca gihisaṃsaggādīhi nābhisajjeyya. <span class="bld">Lābhakamyā janaṃ na lapayeyyā</span>ti lābhakāmatāya janaṃ na lapayeyya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ye kayavikkayā vinaye paṭikkhittā</span>ti ye dānapaṭiggahaṇavasena kayavikkayasikkhāpade (pārā. 593 ādayo) na vaṭṭatīti paṭikkhittā, idhādhippetaṃ kayavikkayaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pañcannaṃ saddhiṃ pattaṃ vā cīvaraṃ vā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">pañcannaṃ saddhi</span>nti <a name="M0.0368"></a> pañcahi sahadhammikehi saha. Pañca sahadhammikā nāma bhikkhubhikkhunīsikkhamānasāmaṇerasāmaṇeriyo. <span class="bld">Vañcaniyaṃ vā</span>ti paṭirūpakaṃ dassetvā vañcaniyaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Udayaṃ vā patthayanto</span>ti vuḍḍhiṃ patthento vā. <span class="bld">Parivattetī</span>ti parivattanaṃ karoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Iddhimanto</span>ti ijjhanapabhāvavanto. <span class="bld">Dibbacakkhukā</span>ti dibbasadisañāṇacakkhukā. Atha vā dibbavihārasannissayena laddhañāṇacakkhukā. <span class="bld">Paracittaviduno</span>ti attano cittena paresaṃ cittajānanakā. <span class="bld">Te dūratopi passantī</span>ti ekayojanatopi yojanasatatopi yojanasahassatopi yojanasatasahassatopi cakkavāḷatopi dvetīṇicattāripañcadasavīsaticattālīsasahassatopi tato atirekatopi cakkavāḷato passanti dakkhanti. <span class="bld">Āsannāpi na dissantī</span>ti samīpe ṭhitāpi nisinnāpi na paññāyanti. <span class="bld">Cetasāpi cittaṃ pajānantī</span>ti attano cittenāpi paresaṃ cittaṃ pajānanti. <span class="bld">Devatāpi kho santi iddhimantiniyo</span>ti devatāpi evaṃ saṃvijjanti ijjhanapabhāvavantiniyo. <span class="bld">Paracittaviduniyo</span>ti paresaṃ cittaṃ jānantiyo. <span class="bld">Oḷārikehi vā kilesehī</span>ti kāyaduccaritādikehi vā upatāpehi. <span class="bld">Majjhimehi vā</span>ti kāmavitakkādikehi vā. <span class="bld">Sukhumehi vā</span>ti ñātivitakkādikehi vā. Kāyaduccaritādayo kammapathavasena<a name="P2.0418"></a>, kāmavitakkādayo vaṭṭamūlakakilesavasena veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ñātivitakkā</span>dīsu <a name="V0.0339"></a> ‘‘mayhaṃ ñātayo sukhajīvino sampattiyuttā’’ti evaṃ pañcakāmaguṇasannissitena gehasannissitapemena ñātake ārabbha uppannavitakko <span class="bld">ñātivitakko</span>. ‘‘Mayhaṃ ñātayo khayaṃ gatā vayaṃ gatā saddhā pasannā’’ti evaṃ pavatto pana ñātivitakko nāma na hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Amhākaṃ janapado subhikkho sampannasasso’’ti tuṭṭhamānasassa gehassitapemavasena uppannavitakko <span class="bld">janapadavitakko</span>. ‘‘Amhākaṃ janapade manussā saddhā pasannā khayaṃ gatā vayaṃ gatā’’ti evaṃ pavatto pana janapadavitakko nāma na hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Amarattāya vitakko, amaro vā vitakkoti <span class="bld">amaravitakko</span>. Tattha ukkuṭikappadhānādīhi dukkhe nijiṇṇe samparāye attā sukhī hoti. <span class="bld">Amaro</span>ti <a name="M0.0369"></a> dukkarakārikaṃ karontassa tāya dukkarakārikāya paṭisaṃyutto vitakko amarattāya vitakko nāma. Diṭṭhigatiko pana ‘‘sassataṃ vadesī’’tiādīni puṭṭho ‘‘evantipi me no, tathātipi me no, aññathātipi me no, notipi me no, no notipi me no’’ti vikkhepaṃ āpajjati, tassa so diṭṭhigatapaṭisaṃyutto vitakko, yathā amaro nāma maccho udake gahetvā māretuṃ na sakkā, ito cito ca dhāvati gāhaṃ na gacchati, evameva ekasmiṃ pakkhe asaṇṭhahanato na maratīti amaro nāma hoti, taṃ duvidhampi ekato katvā ‘‘amaravitakko’’ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Parānuddayatāpaṭisaññutto</span>ti anuddayatāpaṭirūpakena gehassitapemena paṭisaṃyutto. Upaṭṭhākesu nandakesu socantesu ca tehi saddhiṃ diguṇaṃ nandati diguṇaṃ socati, tesu sukhitesu diguṇaṃ sukhito hoti, dukkhitesu diguṇaṃ dukkhito hoti. Uppannesu kiccakaraṇīyesu attanā voyogaṃ āpajjati. Tāni tāni kiccāni sādhento paññattiṃ vītikkamati, sallekhaṃ kopeti. Yo tasmiṃ saṃsaṭṭhavihāre tasmiṃ vā voyogāpajjane gehassito vitakko, ayaṃ parānuddayatāpaṭisaññutto vitakko nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Lābhasakkārasilokapaṭisaññutto</span>ti cīvarādilābhena ceva sakkārena ca kittisaddena ca saddhiṃ ārammaṇakaraṇavasena paṭisaññutto. <span class="bld">Anavaññattipaṭisaññutto</span>ti <a name="P2.0419"></a> ‘‘aho vata maṃ pare na avajāneyyuṃ, na sodhetvā visodhetvā katheyyu’’nti evaṃ anavaññātabhāvapatthanāya saddhiṃ uppajjanakavitakko<a name="V0.0340"></a>. So tasmiṃ ‘‘mā maṃ pare avajāniṃsū’’ti uppanne vitakke pañcakāmaguṇasaṅkhātagehanissito hutvā uppannavitakko anavaññattipaṭisaññutto vitakko.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tatra tatra sajjatī</span>ti tesu tesu ārammaṇesu laggati. <span class="bld">Tatra tatra gaṇhātī</span>ti vuttappakāraṃ ārammaṇaṃ pavisati. <span class="bld">Bajjhatī</span>ti tehi tehi ārammaṇehi saddhiṃ bajjhati ekībhavati. <span class="bld">Anayabyasana</span>nti tattha tattha avaḍḍhiṃ vināsaṃ. <span class="bld">Āpajjatī</span>ti pāpuṇāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āmisacakkhukassā</span>ti <a name="M0.0370"></a> cīvarādiāmisalolassa. <span class="bld">Lokadhammagarukassā</span>ti lokuttaradhammaṃ muñcitvā rūpādilokadhammameva garuṃ katvā carantassa. <span class="bld">Ālapanā</span>ti vihāraṃ āgatamanusse disvā ‘‘kimatthāya bhonto āgatā, kiṃ bhikkhū nimantetuṃ, yadi evaṃ gacchatha, ahaṃ pacchato bhikkhū gahetvā āgacchāmī’’ti evaṃ āditova lapanā. Atha vā attānaṃ upanetvā ‘‘ahaṃ tisso, mayi rājā pasanno, mayi asuko ca asuko ca rājamahāmatto pasanno’’ti evaṃ attupanāyikā lapanāti <span class="bld">ālapanā. Lapanā</span>ti puṭṭhassa sato vuttappakārameva lapanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sallapanā</span>ti gahapatikānaṃ ukkaṇṭhane bhītassa okāsaṃ datvā suṭṭhu lapanā. <span class="bld">Ullapanā</span>ti ‘‘mahākuṭumbiko mahānāviko mahādānapatī’’ti evaṃ uddhaṃ katvā lapanā. <span class="bld">Samullapanā</span>ti sabbato bhāgena uddhaṃ katvā lapanā. <span class="bld">Unnahanā</span>ti ‘‘upāsakā pubbe īdise kāle navadānaṃ detha, idāni kiṃ na dethā’’ti evaṃ yāva ‘‘dassāma bhante, okāsaṃ na labhāmā’’tiādīni vadanti, tāva uddhaṃ uddhaṃ nahanā, veṭhanāti vuttaṃ hoti. Atha vā ucchuhatthaṃ disvā ‘‘kuto ābhataṃ upāsakā’’ti pucchati. Ucchukhettato bhanteti. Kiṃ tattha ucchu madhuranti. Khāditvā bhante jānitabbanti. Na upāsakā ‘‘bhikkhussa ucchuṃ dethā’’ti vattuṃ vaṭṭatīti yā evarūpā nibbeṭhentassapi niveṭhanakakathā, sā <span class="bld">unnahanā</span>. Sabbato bhāgena punappunaṃ unnahanā <span class="bld">samunnahanā. Ukkācanā</span>ti <a name="P2.0420"></a> ‘‘etaṃ kulaṃ maṃyeva jānāti, sace ettha deyyadhammo uppajjati, mayhaṃyeva detī’’ti evaṃ ukkhipitvā kācanā ukkācanā, uddīpanāti vuttaṃ hoti. Sabbato bhāgena pana punappunaṃ ukkācanā <span class="bld">samukkācanā. Anuppiyabhāṇitā</span>ti paccayavasena punappunaṃ piyavacanabhaṇanā. <span class="bld">Saṇhavācatā</span>ti muduvacanatā. <span class="bld">Sakhilavācatā</span>ti mandapamāṇayuttavacanatā sithilavacanatā vā. <span class="bld">Sithilavācatā</span>ti allīyavacanatā. <span class="bld">Apharusavācatā</span>ti madhuravacanatā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Purāṇaṃ mātāpettika</span>nti pure uppannaṃ mātāpitūnaṃ santakaṃ. <span class="bld">Antarahita</span>nti paṭicchannaṃ tirobhūtaṃ<a name="V0.0341"></a>. <span class="bld">Ñāyāmī</span>ti pākaṭo homi. <span class="bld">Asukassa kulūpako</span>ti asukassa amaccassa kulapayirupāsako. <span class="bld">Asukāyā</span>ti asukāya upāsikāya. <span class="bld">Maṃ ujjhitvā</span>ti maṃ vissajjitvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para165"></a><span class="paranum">165</span>. <span class="bld">Payutta</span>nti <a name="M0.0371"></a> cīvarādīhi sampayuttaṃ, tadatthaṃ vā payojitaṃ. <span class="bld">Imissā gāthāya niddeso sabbo heṭṭhā vuttanayova.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para166"></a><span class="paranum">166</span>. Mosavajje na niyyethā<span class="bld">ti musāvāde na niyyetha.</span>Jīvitenā<span class="bld">ti jīvikāya.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saṭho</span>ti asantaguṇadīpanato na sammā bhāsitā. Sabbato bhāgena saṭho <span class="bld">parisaṭho. Yaṃ tatthā</span>ti yaṃ tasmiṃ puggale. <span class="bld">Saṭha</span>nti asantaguṇadīpanaṃ kerāṭiyaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṭhatā</span>ti saṭhākāro. <span class="bld">Sāṭheyya</span>nti saṭhabhāvo. <span class="bld">Kakkaratā</span>ti padumanāḷassa viya aparāmasanakkhamo pharusabhāvo. <span class="bld">Kakkariya</span>ntipi tasseva vevacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Parikkhattatā pārikkhattiya</span>nti padadvayena nikhaṇitvā ṭhapitaṃ viya daḷhakerāṭiyaṃ vuttaṃ. Keci pana <span class="bld">‘‘kakkaratā</span>ti sambhāvayitvā vacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Kakkariya</span>nti sambhāvayitvā vacanabhāvo. <span class="bld">Parikkhattatā</span>ti alaṅkaraṇākāro. <span class="bld">Pārikkhattiya</span>nti alaṅkaraṇabhāvo’’ti atthaṃ vaṇṇayanti. <span class="bld">Idaṃ vuccatī</span>ti idaṃ attano avijjamānaguṇappakāsanalakkhaṇaṃ sāṭheyyaṃ nāma vuccati. Yena samannāgatassa puggalassa kucchiṃ vā piṭṭhiṃ vā jānituṃ na sakkā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Vāmena <a name="P2.0421"></a> sūkaro hoti, dakkhiṇena ajāmigo;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sarena nelako hoti, visāṇena jaraggavo’’ti. (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 2.296; vibha. aṭṭha. 894) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Evaṃ vuttayakkhasūkarasadiso hoti. <span class="bld">Atimaññatī</span>ti atikkamitvā maññati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kiṃ panāyaṃ bahulājīvo</span>ti ayaṃ pana puggalo ko nāma bahulājīvako. <span class="bld">Sabbaṃ saṃbhakkhetī</span>ti laddhaṃ sabbaṃ khādati. <span class="bld">Appapuñño</span>ti mandapuñño. <span class="bld">Appesakkho</span>ti parivāravirahito. <span class="bld">Paññāsampanno</span>ti sampannapañño paripuṇṇapañño. <span class="bld">Pañhaṃ vissajjetī</span>ti pañhaṃ katheti byākaroti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para167"></a><span class="paranum">167</span>. <span class="bld">Sutvā rusito bahuṃ vācaṃ, samaṇānaṃ vā puthujanāna</span>nti rusito ghaṭṭito parehi tesaṃ <a name="V0.0342"></a> samaṇānaṃ vā khattiyādibhedānaṃ vā aññesaṃ puthujanānaṃ bahumpi aniṭṭhaṃ vācaṃ sutvā. <span class="bld">Na paṭivajjā</span>ti na paṭivadeyya. Kiṃ kāraṇā? <span class="bld">Na hi santo paṭiseniṃ karonti</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kakkhaḷenā</span>ti <a name="M0.0372"></a> dāruṇena. <span class="bld">Santo</span>ti nibbutakilesā. <span class="bld">Paṭiseni</span>nti paṭisattuṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭimalla</span>nti paṭiyodhaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭikaṇṭaka</span>nti paṭiveriṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭipakkha</span>nti kilesapaṭipakkhaṃ, kilesavasena saṅgaṃ na karontīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para168"></a><span class="paranum">168</span>. <span class="bld">Etañca dhammamaññāyā</span>ti sabbametaṃ yathāvuttaṃ dhammaṃ ñatvā. <span class="bld">Vicina</span>nti vicinanto. <span class="bld">Santīti nibbutiṃ ñatvā</span>ti nibbutiṃ rāgādīnaṃ santīti ñatvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samañcā</span>ti kāyasucaritādiṃ. <span class="bld">Visamañcā</span>ti kāyaduccaritādiṃ. <span class="bld">Pathañcā</span>ti dasakusalakammapathaṃ. <span class="bld">Vipathañcā</span>ti dasaakusalakammapathaṃ. <span class="bld">Sāvajjañcā</span>ti akusalañca. <span class="bld">Anavajjañcā</span>ti kusalañca. <span class="bld">Hīnapaṇītakaṇhasukkaviññūgarahitaviññūpasattha</span>nti idampi kusalākusalameva. Tattha kāyasucaritādi samakaraṇato <span class="bld">samaṃ</span>. Kāyaduccaritādi visamakaraṇato <span class="bld">visamaṃ</span>. Dasakusalakammapathā sugatigamanapathattā <span class="bld">pathaṃ</span>. Dasaakusalakammapathā sugatigamanapaṭipakkhattā apāyagamanapathattā <span class="bld">vipathaṃ</span>. Akusalaṃ sadosattā <span class="bld">sāvajjaṃ</span>. Kusalaṃ niddosattā <span class="bld">anavajjaṃ</span>. Tathā mohena vā dosamohena vā lobhamohena vā sampayuttattā <span class="bld">hīnaṃ</span><a name="P2.0422"></a>. Alobhaadosaamohasampayuttattā <span class="bld">paṇītaṃ</span>. Kaṇhavipākattā <span class="bld">kaṇhaṃ</span>. Sukkavipākattā <span class="bld">sukkaṃ</span>. Buddhādīhi viññūhi garahitattā <span class="bld">viññūgarahitaṃ</span>. Tehi eva thomitattā <span class="bld">viññūpasattha</span>nti ñātabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para169"></a><span class="paranum">169</span>. Kiṃ kāraṇā nappamajjeyya iti ce – <span class="bld">abhibhū hi so</span>ti gāthā. Tattha <span class="bld">abhibhū</span>ti rūpādīnaṃ abhibhavitā. <span class="bld">Anabhibhūto</span>ti tehi anabhibhūto. <span class="bld">Sakkhidhammamanītihamaddasī</span>ti paccakkhameva anītihaṃ dhammaṃ addakkhi. <span class="bld">Sadā namassa’manusikkhe</span>ti sadā namassanto tisso sikkhāyo sikkheyya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kehici kilesehī</span>ti kehici rāgādiupatāpakarehi kilesehi. <span class="bld">Abhibhosi ne</span>ti te kilese abhibhavi. Sesaṃ sabbattha pākaṭameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kevalaṃ pana ettha ‘‘cakkhūhi neva lolo’’tiādīhi indriyasaṃvaro, ‘‘annānamatho pānāna’’ntiādīhi sannidhipaṭikkhepamukhena paccayapaṭisevanasīlaṃ, methunamosavajjapesuṇiyādīhi pātimokkhasaṃvarasīlaṃ<a name="V0.0343"></a>, ‘‘āthabbaṇaṃ supinaṃ lakkhaṇa’’ntiādīhi ājīvapārisuddhisīlaṃ, ‘‘jhāyī na pādalolassā’’ti iminā samādhi, ‘‘vicinaṃ bhikkhū’’ti iminā paññā, ‘‘sadā sato <a name="M0.0373"></a> sikkhe’’ti iminā puna saṅkhepato tissopi sikkhā, ‘‘atha āsanesu sayanesu, appasaddesu bhikkhu vihareyya, niddaṃ na bahulīkareyyā’’tiādīhi sīlasamādhipaññānaṃ upakārānupakārasaṅgaṇhanavinodanāni vuttānīti. Evaṃ bhagavā nimmitassa paripuṇṇapaṭipadaṃ vatvā arahattanikūṭena desanaṃ niṭṭhāpesi, desanāpariyosāne purābhedasutte (mahāni. 83 ādayo) vuttasadisoyevābhisamayo ahosīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Saddhammappajjotikāya mahāniddesaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Tuvaṭakasuttaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter">15. Attadaṇḍasuttaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para170"></a><span class="paranum">170</span>. Pannarasame <a name="V0.0344"></a><a name="P2.0423"></a> attadaṇḍasuttaniddese <span class="bld">attadaṇḍā bhayaṃ jāta</span>nti paṭhamagāthāya attho – yaṃ lokassa diṭṭhadhammikaṃ vā samparāyikaṃ vā bhayaṃ jātaṃ, taṃ sabbaṃ <span class="bld">attadaṇḍā bhayaṃ jātaṃ</span> attano duccaritakāraṇā jātaṃ, evaṃ santepi <span class="bld">janaṃ passatha medhagaṃ,</span> imaṃ sākiyādijanaṃ passatha aññamaññaṃ medhagaṃ hiṃsakaṃ bādhakanti. Evaṃ taṃ paṭiviruddhaṃ vippaṭipannaṃ janaṃ paribhāsitvā attano sammā paṭipattidassanena tassa saṃvegaṃ janetuṃ āha <span class="bld">‘‘saṃvegaṃ kittayissāmi, yathā saṃvijitaṃ mayā’’</span>ti. Pubbe bodhisatteneva satāti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tayo</span>ti gaṇanaparicchedo. <span class="bld">Daṇḍā</span>ti duccaritā. <span class="bld">Kāyadaṇḍo</span>ti kāyaduccaritaṃ. <span class="bld">Vacīdaṇḍā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Tividhaṃ kāyaduccarita</span>nti pāṇātipātādikāyato pavattaṃ duṭṭhuṃ caritaṃ, kilesapūtikattā vā duṭṭhu caritanti laddhanāmaṃ tividhaṃ duccaritaṃ kāyaduccaritaṃ. <span class="bld">Catubbidha</span>nti musāvādādicatubbidhaṃ. <span class="bld">Tividha</span>nti abhijjhāditividhaṃ. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhadhammika</span>nti diṭṭheva dhamme imasmiṃyeva attabhāve paṭisaṃvedanīyaṃ. <span class="bld">Samparāyika</span>nti anāgate attabhāve paṭisaṃvedanīyaṃ. <span class="bld">Āgucārī</span>ti pāpakārī aparādhakārī. <span class="bld">Tamenaṃ rājā paribhāsatī</span>ti pāpakāriṃ rājā paribhāsati, bhayaṃ uppādeti. <span class="bld">Dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedetī</span>ti kāyikaṃ dukkhaṃ cetasikaṃ domanassaṃ vindati. <span class="bld">Etaṃ bhayaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassa</span>nti evarūpaṃ bhayañca dukkhañca domanassañca. <span class="bld">Kuto tassā</span>ti <a name="M0.0374"></a> tassa corassa kuto uppannaṃ. <span class="bld">Attadaṇḍato jāta</span>nti attanā kataduccaritato uppannaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Antamaso</span>ti heṭṭhimato. <span class="bld">Savacanīyampi karoti ‘‘na</span> <a name="P2.0424"></a> <span class="bld">te labbhā ito pakkamitu’’</span>nti ito imamhā gāmādinā gantuṃ na labbhā. Na sakkā bahi nikkhamitunti palibodhaṃ saṅgaṃ karoti. <span class="bld">Dhanajānipaccayāpī</span>ti dhanaparihānikāraṇāpi. Rājā tassa vividhā kammakāraṇā kārāpeti. <span class="bld">Kasāhipi tāḷetī</span>ti kasādaṇḍakehi potheti. <span class="bld">Vettehipi tāḷetī</span>ti sakaṇṭakavettalatāhi potheti. <span class="bld">Aḍḍhadaṇḍakehī</span>tiādayo heṭṭhā vuttanayāyeva. <span class="bld">Sunakhehipi</span> <span class="bld">khādāpetī</span>ti <a name="V0.0345"></a> katipayāni divasāni āhāre adatvā chātasunakhehi khādāpeti. Te muhuttena aṭṭhikasaṅkhalikameva karoti. <span class="bld"> Sūle uttāsetī</span>ti sūlaṃ āropeti.<span class="bld"> Rājā imesaṃ catunnaṃ daṇḍānaṃ issaro</span>ti imāsaṃ catunnaṃ āṇānaṃ kātuṃ rājā samattho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sakena kammenā</span>ti sayaṃkatena kammena. <span class="bld">Tamenaṃ nirayapālā</span>ti ettha ekacce therā ‘‘nirayapālā nāma natthi, yantarūpaṃ viya kammameva kāraṇaṃ kāretī’’ti vadanti. Tesaṃ taṃ ‘‘atthi nirayesu nirayapālāti, āmantā. Atthi ca kāraṇikā’’tiādinā nayena abhidhamme (kathā. 866 ādayo) paṭisedhitameva. Yathā hi manussaloke kammakāraṇakārakā atthi, evameva nirayesu nirayapālā atthīti. <span class="bld">Tattaṃ ayokhila</span>nti tigāvutaṃ attabhāvaṃ sampajjalitāya lohapathaviyā uttānakaṃ nipajjāpetvā dakkhiṇahatthe tālappamāṇaṃ ayasūlaṃ pavesenti, tathā vāmahatthādīsu. Yathā ca uttānakaṃ nipajjāpetvā evaṃ urenapi vāmapassenapi dakkhiṇapassenapi nipajjāpetvā taṃ kammakāraṇaṃ karontiyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saṃvesetvā</span>ti jalitāya lohapathaviyā tigāvutaṃ attabhāvaṃ nipajjāpetvā. <span class="bld">Kuṭhārīhī</span>ti mahatīhi gehacchādanassa ekapakkhamattāhi kuṭhārīhi tacchenti, lohitaṃ nadī hutvā sandati, lohapathavito jālā uṭṭhahitvā tacchitaṭṭhānaṃ gaṇhāti, mahādukkhaṃ uppajjati, tacchantā pana suttāhataṃ karitvā dāru viya aṭṭhaṃsampi chaḷaṃsampi karonti. <span class="bld">Vāsīhī</span>ti mahāsuppapamāṇāhi <a name="M0.0375"></a> vāsīhi. <span class="bld">Rathe yojetvā</span>ti saddhiṃ yugayottaupakkharacakkakubbarapājanehi sabbato <a name="P2.0425"></a> pajjalite rathe yojetvā. <span class="bld">Mahanta</span>nti mahākūṭāgārappamāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Āropentī</span>ti sampajjalitehi ayamuggarehi pothentā āropenti. <span class="bld">Sakimpi uddha</span>nti supakkutthitāya ukkhaliyā pakkhittataṇḍulaṃ viya uddhaṃ adho tiriyañca gacchati. <span class="bld">Mahāniraye</span>ti avīcimahānirayamhi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Catukkaṇṇo</span>ti caturassamañjūsāsadiso. <span class="bld">Vibhatto</span>ti catudvāravasena vibhatto. <span class="bld">Bhāgaso mito</span>ti dvāravīthīnaṃ vasena bhāge ṭhapetvā ṭhapetvā vibhatto. <span class="bld">Pariyanto</span>ti parikkhitto. <span class="bld">Ayasā</span>ti upari navayojanikena ayapattena chādito. <span class="bld">Samantā yojanasataṃ pharitvā tiṭṭhatī</span>ti evaṃ pharitvā tiṭṭhati, yathā samantā yojanasate ṭhatvā olokentassa akkhīni yamakagoḷakā viya nikkhamanti. <span class="bld">Kadariyātapanā</span>ti sabbepi te ussadehi saddhiṃ aṭṭha mahānirayā kadariyā niccaṃ tapantīti kadariyātapanā. Balavadukkhatāya <span class="bld">ghorā</span>. Kappaṭṭhikānaṃ accīnaṃ atthitāya <span class="bld">accimanto</span>. Āsādetuṃ ghaṭṭetuṃ dukkaratāya <span class="bld">durāsadā</span>. Diṭṭhamattā vā sutamattā vā lomāni haṃsentīti <span class="bld">lomahaṃsanarūpā</span>. Bhīsanatāya <span class="bld">bhismā</span>. Bhayajananatāya <span class="bld">paṭibhayā</span>. Sukhābhāvena <span class="bld">dukhā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Puratthimāya</span> <a name="V0.0346"></a> <span class="bld">bhittiyā</span>tiādigāthānaṃ evaṃ avīcinirayoti pariyantaṃ katvā ayaṃ saṅkhepattho – aggijālānaṃ vā pana sattānaṃ vā tesaṃ dukkhassa vā vīci antaraṃ natthi etthāti avīci. Tatra hi puratthimādīhi bhittīhi jālārāsi uṭṭhahitvā pāpakammino puggale jhāpento pacchimādīsu bhittīsu paṭihaññati paharati, tā ca bhittiyo vinivijjhitvā parato yojanasataṃ gaṇhāti, heṭṭhā uṭṭhitā upari paṭihaññati, upari uṭṭhitā heṭṭhā paṭihaññati. Evaṃ tāvettha jālānaṃ vīci nāma natthi. Tassa pana anto yojanasataṭṭhānaṃ khīravallipiṭṭhassa pūritanāḷi viya sattehi nirantaraṃ pūritaṃ catūhi iriyāpathehi paccantānaṃ sattānaṃ pamāṇaṃ natthi, na ca aññamaññaṃ byābādhenti, sakasakaṭṭhāneyeva paccanti. Evamettha sattānaṃ vīci nāma natthi. Yathā pana jivhagge cha madhubindūni sattamassa tambalohabinduno anudahanabalavatāya abbohārikāni honti, tathā tattha <a name="P2.0426"></a> anudahanabalavatāya sesā <a name="M0.0376"></a> cha akusalavipākupekkhā abbohārikā honti, dukkhameva nirantaraṃ paññāyati. Evamettha dukkhassa vīci nāma natthi. Nirassādaṭṭhena <span class="bld">nirayo</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tattha sattā mahāluddā</span>ti tasmiṃ nibbattā sattā mahantā luddā. <span class="bld">Mahākibbisakārino</span>ti mahantadāruṇakammakārino. <span class="bld">Accantapāpakammantā</span>ti ekaṃsena pāpakammino. <span class="bld">Paccanti na ca miyyare</span>ti channaṃ jālānamantare paccanti, na ca miyyanti. <span class="bld">Jātavedasamo kāyo</span>ti tesaṃ sarīraṃ aggisadisaṃ. <span class="bld">Tesaṃ nirayavāsina</span>nti tesaṃ pāpakammānaṃ nirayavāsīnaṃ. <span class="bld">Passa kammānaṃ daḷhatta</span>nti pāpakammānaṃ thirabhāvaṃ olokehi. <span class="bld">Na bhasmā hoti napī masī</span>ti chārikāpi na hoti aṅgāropi. <span class="bld">Puratthimenā</span>ti yadā taṃ dvāraṃ apārutaṃ hoti, atha tadabhimukhā dhāvanti, tesaṃ tattha chaviādīni jhāyanti. Dvārasamīpaṃ pattānañca tesaṃ taṃ pīdhīyati, pacchimaṃ apārutaṃ viya khāyati. Esa nayo sabbattha. <span class="bld">Abhinikkhamitāsā te</span>ti nirayā nikkhamituṃ āsā etesanti nikkhamitāsā. <span class="bld">Mokkhagavesino</span>ti muñcanupāyaṃ esantā gavesantāpi. <span class="bld">Na te tato nikkhamituṃ, labhanti kammapaccayā</span>ti te sattā nirayato nikkhamanadvāraṃ pāpakammapaccayā nādhigacchanti. <span class="bld">Tesañca pāpakammantaṃ, avipakkaṃ kataṃ bahu</span>nti tesañca sattānaṃ lāmakaṃ dāruṇakammaṃ avipākaṃ bahuvidhaṃ nānappakāraṃ adinnavipākaṃ kataṃ upacitaṃ atthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saṃvega</span>nti vinilanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ubbega</span>nti ṭhitaṭṭhānato gamanaṃ. <span class="bld">Utrāsa</span>nti ubbejanaṃ asanniṭṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhaya</span>nti cittutrāsanaṃ. <span class="bld">Pīḷana</span>nti ghaṭṭanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ghaṭṭana</span>nti pīḷākaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Upaddava</span>nti ītiṃ. <span class="bld">Upasagga</span>nti rundhanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para171"></a><span class="paranum">171</span>. Idāni <a name="V0.0347"></a> yathānena saṃvijitaṃ, taṃ pakāraṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘phandamāna’’</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">phandamāna</span>nti taṇhādiṭṭhīhi kampamānaṃ. <span class="bld">Appodake</span>ti appe udake. <span class="bld">Aññamaññehi byāruddhe</span> <a name="P2.0427"></a> <span class="bld">disvā</span>ti nānāsatte ca aññamaññehi saddhiṃ viruddhe disvā. <span class="bld">Maṃ bhayamāvisī</span>ti maṃ bhayaṃ paviṭṭhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kilesaphandanāya phandamāna</span>nti rāgādikilesacalanāya calamānaṃ. <span class="bld">Payogo</span>ti kāyavacīmanopayogo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Viruddhā</span>ti virodhamāpannā. <span class="bld">Paṭiviruddhā</span>ti paṭimukhaṃ hutvā virodhamāpannā, suṭṭhu viruddhā vā. <span class="bld">Āhatā</span>ti kodhena āhatā pahatā. <span class="bld">Paccāhatā</span>ti <a name="M0.0377"></a> paṭimallā hutvā āhatā. <span class="bld">Āghātitā</span>ti ghaṭṭitā. <span class="bld">Paccāghātitā</span>ti visesena ghaṭṭitā. <span class="bld">Pāṇīhipi upakkamantī</span>ti hatthehipi paharanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para172"></a><span class="paranum">172</span>. <span class="bld">Samantamasāro loko</span>ti nirayaṃ ādiṃ katvā samantato loko asāro niccasārādirahito. <span class="bld">Disā sabbā sameritā</span>ti sabbā disā aniccatāya kampitā. <span class="bld">Icchaṃ bhavanamattano</span>ti attano tāṇaṃ icchanto. <span class="bld">Nāddasāsiṃ anosita</span>nti kiñci ṭhānaṃ jarādīhi anajjhāvuṭṭhaṃ nāddakkhinti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Asāro</span>ti na sāro, sāravirahito vā. <span class="bld">Nissāro</span>ti sabbena sabbaṃ sāravirahito. <span class="bld">Sārāpagato</span>ti sārato apagato. <span class="bld">Niccasārasārena vā</span>ti satatasārasaṅkhātena sārena vā. Uparipadadvayepi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Ye puratthimāya disāya saṅkhārā</span>ti ye puratthimāya disāya paccayehi saṅgamma samāgamma katā saṅkhārā. <span class="bld">Tepi eritā</span>ti tepi saṅkhārā kampitā. <span class="bld">Sameritā</span>ti sammā kampitā. <span class="bld">Calitā</span>ti calanaṃ gatā. <span class="bld">Ghaṭṭitā</span>ti udayabbayena pīḷitā. <span class="bld">Aniccatāyā</span>ti hutvā abhāvatāya. <span class="bld">Jātiyā anugatā</span>ti nibbattiyā anupaviṭṭhā. <span class="bld">Jarāya anusaṭā</span>ti paripakkatāya anupatthaṭā. <span class="bld">Byādhinā abhibhūtā</span>ti cātuvisamena uppannabyādhinā ajjhotthaṭā. <span class="bld">Maraṇena abbhāhatā</span>ti maccunā abhiāhatā pahatā. <span class="bld">Atāṇā</span>ti rakkhavirahitā. <span class="bld">Aleṇā</span>ti leṇavirahitā. <span class="bld">Asaraṇā</span>ti natthi etesaṃ saraṇanti asaraṇā. <span class="bld">Asaraṇībhūtā</span>ti sayaṃ saraṇakiccaṃ na karontīti asaraṇībhūtā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Attano bhavana</span>nti niddesapadassa uddesapadaṃ. <span class="bld">Tāṇa</span>nti pālanaṃ. <span class="bld">Leṇa</span>nti leṇaṭṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Saraṇa</span>nti <a name="V0.0348"></a> dukkhanāsanaṃ. <span class="bld">Gati</span>nti patiṭṭhaṃ. <span class="bld">Parāyana</span>nti paraṃ ayanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ajjhositaṃyeva</span> <a name="P2.0428"></a> <span class="bld">addasa</span>nti jarādīhi madditaṃyeva addakkhiṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbaṃ yobbañña</span>nti yobbanabhāvo yobbaññaṃ, sacetanānaṃ sabbaṃ yobbaññaṃ. <span class="bld">Jarāya osita</span>nti paripākāya jarāya avasitaṃ madditaṃ. Evaṃ sabbattha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para173"></a><span class="paranum">173</span>. <span class="bld">Osāne tveva byāruddhe, disvā me aratī ahū</span>ti yobbaññādīnaṃ osāneyeva antagamake eva vināsake eva jarādīhi byāruddhe āhatacitte <a name="M0.0378"></a> satte disvā arati me ahosi. <span class="bld">Athettha salla</span>nti atha etesu sattesu rāgādisallaṃ. <span class="bld">Hadayassita</span>nti cittanissitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yobbaññaṃ jarā osāpetī</span>ti jarā atthaṅgameti vināseti. Evaṃ sabbattha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para174"></a><span class="paranum">174</span>. ‘‘Kathaṃ ānubhāvaṃ salla’’nti ce? <span class="bld">Yena sallena otiṇṇo</span>ti gāthā. Tattha <span class="bld">disā sabbā vidhāvatī</span>ti sabbā duccaritadisāpi puratthimādidisāpi vidisāpi dhāvati. <span class="bld">Tameva sallamabbuyha, na dhāvati na sīdatī</span>ti tameva sallaṃ uddharitvā tā ca disā na dhāvati, caturoghe ca na sīdati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aññāṇa</span>ntiādīsu ñāṇadassanapaṭipakkhato aññāṇaṃ adassanaṃ. Abhimukho hutvā dhammena na sameti na samāgacchatīti <span class="bld">anabhisamayo</span>. Anurūpato dhamme bujjhatīti <span class="bld">anubodho</span>. Tappaṭipakkhatāya <span class="bld">ananubodho</span>. Aniccādīhi saddhiṃ yojetvā na bujjhatīti <span class="bld">asambodho</span>. Asantaṃ asamañca bujjhatītipi <span class="bld">asambodho</span>. Catusaccadhammaṃ na paṭivijjhatīti <span class="bld">appaṭivedho</span>. Rūpādīsu ekadhammampi aniccādisāmaññato na saṅgaṇhātīti <span class="bld">asaṅgāhaṇā</span>. Tameva dhammaṃ na pariyogāhatīti <span class="bld">apariyogāhaṇā</span>. Na samaṃ pekkhatīti <span class="bld">asamapekkhanā</span>. Dhammānaṃ sabhāvaṃ pati na apekkhatīti <span class="bld">apaccavekkhaṇā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kusalākusalakammesu viparītavuttiyā sabhāvagahaṇābhāvena vā ekampi kammaṃ etassa paccakkhaṃ natthi, sayaṃ vā kassaci dhammassa paccakkhakaraṇaṃ nāma na hotīti <span class="bld">apaccakkhakammaṃ</span>. Yaṃ etasmiṃ anuppajjamāne cittasantānaṃ mejjhaṃ bhaveyya suci vodānaṃ, taṃ duṭṭhuṃ mejjhaṃ imināti <span class="bld">dummejjhaṃ</span>. Bālānaṃ bhāvo <span class="bld">bālyaṃ</span>. Muyhatīti <span class="bld">moho</span>. Balavataro moho <span class="bld">pamoho</span>. Samantato <a name="P2.0429"></a> muyhatīti <span class="bld">sammoho</span>. Vijjāya paṭipakkhabhāvato na vijjāti <span class="bld">avijjā. Oghayoga</span>ttho vuttoyeva. Thāmagataṭṭhena anusetīti <span class="bld">anusayo</span>. Cittaṃ pariyuṭṭhāti abhibhavatīti <span class="bld">pariyuṭṭhānaṃ</span>. Hitaggahaṇābhāvena hitābhimukhaṃ gantuṃ na sakkoti aññadatthu laṅgatiyevāti <span class="bld">laṅgī,</span> khañjatīti <a name="V0.0349"></a> attho. Durugghāṭanaṭṭhena vā <span class="bld">laṅgī</span>. Yathā hi mahāpalighasaṅkhātā laṅgī durugghāṭā hoti, evamayampi laṅgī viyāti <span class="bld">laṅgī</span>. Sesaṃ uttānatthameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yā</span> <a name="M0.0379"></a> <span class="bld">evarūpā kaṅkhā</span>ti ettha kaṅkhanavasena <span class="bld">kaṅkhā</span>. Kaṅkhaṃ ānayatīti <span class="bld">kaṅkhāyanā</span>. Purimakaṅkhā hi uttarakaṅkhaṃ ānayati nāma. Ākāravasena vā etaṃ vuttaṃ. Kaṅkhāsamaṅgicittaṃ kaṅkhāya āyitattā kaṅkhāyitaṃ nāma. Tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">kaṅkhāyitattaṃ. Vimatī</span>ti vigatā mati vimati. <span class="bld">Vicikicchā</span>ti vigatā cikicchā vicikicchā, sabhāvaṃ vā vicinanto kicchati kilamati etāyāti <span class="bld">vicikicchā</span>. Sā saṃsayalakkhaṇā, kampanarasā, anicchayapaccupaṭṭhānā, anekaṃsaggāhapaccupaṭṭhānā vā, ayonisomanasikārapadaṭṭhānā, paṭipattiyā antarāyakarāti daṭṭhabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kampanaṭṭhena dvidhā eḷayatīti<span class="bld"> dveḷhakaṃ</span>. Paṭipattinivāraṇena dvidhāpatho viyāti <span class="bld">dvedhāpatho</span>. ‘‘Niccaṃ vā idaṃ aniccaṃ vā’’tiādipavattiyā ekasmiṃ ākāre saṇṭhātuṃ asamatthatāya samantato setīti <span class="bld">saṃsayo</span>. Ekaṃsaṃ gahetuṃ asamatthatāya na ekaṃsaggāhoti <span class="bld">anekaṃsaggāho</span>. Nicchetuṃ asakkontī ārammaṇato osakkatīti <span class="bld">āsappanā</span>. Ogāhituṃ asakkontī parisamantato sappatīti <span class="bld">parisappanā</span>. Pariyogāhituṃ asamatthatāya <span class="bld">apariyogāhaṇā</span>. Nicchayavasena ārammaṇe pavattituṃ asamatthatāya <span class="bld">chambhitattaṃ cittassa,</span> thaddhabhāvoti attho. Vicikicchā hi uppajjitvā cittaṃ thaddhaṃ karoti, yasmā pana sā uppajjamānā ārammaṇaṃ gahetvā manaṃ vilikhantī viya, tasmā <span class="bld">manovilekho</span>ti vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Viddho</span>ti sallena laddhappahāro. <span class="bld">Phuṭṭho</span>ti ghaṭṭito. <span class="bld">Pareto</span>ti pīḷito. <span class="bld">Dhāvatī</span>ti purato gacchati. <span class="bld">Vidhāvatī</span>ti anekavidhena <a name="P2.0430"></a> gacchati. <span class="bld">Sandhāvatī</span>ti vegena dhāvati. <span class="bld">Saṃsaratī</span>ti ito cito ca carati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Acelako</span>ti niccolo, naggoti attho. <span class="bld">Muttācāro</span>ti visaṭṭhācāro, uccārakammādīsu lokiyakulaputtācārena virahito ṭhitakova uccāraṃ karoti, passāvaṃ karoti, khādati bhuñjati. <span class="bld">Hatthāpalekhano</span>ti hatthe piṇḍamhi ṭhite jivhāya hatthaṃ apalikhati, uccāraṃ vā katvā hatthamhiyeva daṇḍakasaññī hutvā hatthena apalikhati. Te kira daṇḍakaṃ ‘‘satto’’ti paññapenti. Bhikkhāgahaṇatthaṃ ‘‘ehi bhadante’’ti vutto na etīti <span class="bld">na ehibhadantiko</span>. Tena hi ‘‘tiṭṭha <a name="V0.0350"></a> bhadante’’ti vuttopi na <a name="M0.0380"></a> tiṭṭhatīti <span class="bld">na tiṭṭhabhadantiko</span>. Tadubhayampi kira so ‘‘etassa vacanaṃ kataṃ bhavissatī’’ti na karoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Abhihaṭa</span>nti puretaraṃ gahetvā āhaṭaṃ bhikkhaṃ. <span class="bld">Uddissakata</span>nti ‘‘idaṃ tumhe uddissa kata’’nti evaṃ ārocitaṃ bhikkhaṃ. <span class="bld">Na nimantana</span>nti ‘‘asukaṃ nāma kulaṃ vā vīthiṃ vā gāmaṃ vā paviseyyāthā’’ti evaṃ nimantitabhikkhampi na sādiyati na gaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Na kumbhimukhā</span>ti kumbhito uddharitvā diyyamānaṃ bhikkhaṃ na gaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Na kaḷopimukhā</span>ti kaḷopīti ukkhali vā pacchi vā, tatopi na gaṇhāti. Kasmā? Kumbhikaḷopiyo maṃ nissāya kaṭacchunā pahāraṃ labhantīti. <span class="bld">Na eḷakamantara</span>nti ummāraṃ antaraṃ karitvā diyyamānaṃ na gaṇhāti. Kasmā? Ayaṃ maṃ nissāya antarakaraṇaṃ labhatīti. <span class="bld">Daṇḍamusalesu</span>pi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na dvinna</span>nti dvīsu bhuñjamānesu ekasmiṃ uṭṭhāya dente na gaṇhāti. Kasmā? Kabaḷantarāyo hotīti. <span class="bld">Na gabbhiniyā</span>tiādīsu pana ‘‘gabbhiniyā kucchiyaṃ dārako kilamatī’’ti, pāyantiyā dārakassa khīrantarāyo hotī’’ti, ‘‘purisantaragatāya ratiantarāyo hotī’’ti na gaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Na saṃkittīsū</span>ti saṃkittetvā katabhattesu. Dubbhikkhasamaye kira acelakasāvakā acelakānamatthāya tato tato taṇḍulādīni samādapetvā bhattaṃ pacanti, ukkaṭṭho acelako tatopi na paṭiggaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Na yattha sā</span>ti yattha sunakho ‘‘piṇḍaṃ labhissāmī’’ti upaṭṭhito hoti, tattha tassa adatvā āhaṭaṃ na gaṇhāti. Kasmā? Etassa piṇḍantarāyo hotīti. <span class="bld">Saṇḍasaṇḍacārinī</span>ti samūhasamūhacārinī<a name="P2.0431"></a>. Sace hi acelakaṃ disvā ‘‘imassa bhikkhaṃ dassāmā’’ti manussā bhattagehaṃ pavisanti, tesu ca pavisantesu kaḷopimukhādīsu nilīnā makkhikā uppatitvā saṇḍasaṇḍā caranti. Tato āhaṭaṃ bhikkhaṃ na gaṇhāti. Kasmā? Maṃ nissāya makkhikānaṃ gocarantarāyo jātoti. <span class="bld">Thusodaka</span>nti sabbasassasambhārehi kataṃ sovīrakaṃ. Ettha ca surāpānameva sāvajjaṃ, ayaṃ pana sabbesupi sāvajjasaññī.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekāgāriko</span>ti yo ekasmiṃyeva gehe bhikkhaṃ labhitvā nivattati. <span class="bld">Ekālopiko</span>ti yo ekeneva ālopena yāpeti. <span class="bld">Dvāgārikā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Ekissāpi dattiyā</span>ti ekāya dattiyā. Datti nāma ekā khuddakapāti hoti, yattha aggabhikkhaṃ pakkhipitvā ṭhapenti. <span class="bld">Ekāhika</span>nti <a name="M0.0381"></a> ekadivasantarikaṃ. <span class="bld">Aḍḍhamāsika</span>nti aḍḍhamāsantarikaṃ. <span class="bld">Pariyāyabhattabhojana</span>nti vārabhattabhojanaṃ<a name="V0.0351"></a>, ekāhavārena dvīhavārena sattāhavārena aḍḍhamāsavārenāti evaṃ divasavārena ābhataṃ bhattabhojanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sākabhakkho</span>tiādīni vuttatthāneva. <span class="bld">Ubbhaṭṭhako</span>ti uddhaṃ ṭhitako. <span class="bld">Ukkuṭikappadhānamanuyutto</span>ti ukkuṭikaṃ vīriyaṃ anuyutto. Gacchantopi ukkuṭikova hutvā uppatitvā uppatitvā gacchati. <span class="bld">Kaṇṭakāpassayiko</span>ti ayakaṇṭake vā pakatikaṇṭake vā bhūmiyaṃ koṭṭetvā tattha cammaṃ attharitvā ṭhānacaṅkamādīni karoti. <span class="bld">Seyya</span>nti sayantopi tattheva seyyaṃ kappeti. <span class="bld">Phalakaseyya</span>nti rukkhaphalake seyyaṃ. <span class="bld">Thaṇḍilaseyya</span>nti thaṇḍile ucce bhūmiṭṭhāne seyyaṃ. <span class="bld">Ekapassayiko</span>ti ekapasseneva sayati. <span class="bld">Rajojalladharo</span>ti sarīraṃ telena makkhetvā rajuṭṭhānaṭṭhāne tiṭṭhati, athassa sarīre rajojallaṃ laggati, taṃ dhāreti. <span class="bld">Yathāsanthatiko</span>ti laddhaṃ āsanaṃ akopetvā yadeva labhati, tattheva nisīdanasīlo. <span class="bld">Vekaṭiko</span>ti vikaṭakhādanasīlo, vikaṭanti gūthaṃ vuccati. <span class="bld">Apānako</span>ti paṭikkhittasītudakapāno. Sāyaṃ tatiyaṃ assāti <span class="bld">sāyatatiyakaṃ</span>. Pāto majjhanhike sāyanti divasassa tikkhattuṃ ‘‘pāpaṃ <a name="P2.0432"></a> pavāhessāmī’’ti <span class="bld">udakorohanānuyogaṃ anuyutto viharati</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Te salle abhisaṅkharotī</span>ti te rāgādisattasalle abhinibbatteti. <span class="bld">Abhisaṅkharonto</span>ti abhinibbattento. <span class="bld">Sallābhisaṅkhāravasenā</span>ti sallābhinibbattāpanakāraṇā. <span class="bld">Puratthimaṃ disaṃ dhāvatī</span>ti purimaṃ disaṃ gacchati. <span class="bld">Te sallābhisaṅkhārā appahīnā</span>ti ete rāgādisallā payogā nappahīnā. <span class="bld">Sallābhisaṅkhārānaṃ appahīnattā</span>ti sallapayogānaṃ appahīnabhāvena. <span class="bld">Gatiyā dhāvatī</span>ti gatiyaṃ dhāvati. <span class="bld">Gatiyā gati</span>nti gatito gatiṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na sīdatī</span>ti na nimujjati. <span class="bld">Na saṃsīdatī</span>ti na samantato mujjati. <span class="bld">Na osīdatī</span>ti na osakkati. <span class="bld">Na avasīdatī</span>ti na paccosakkati. <span class="bld">Na avagacchatī</span>ti na heṭṭhā gacchati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para175"></a><span class="paranum">175</span>. Evaṃ mahānubhāvena sallena otiṇṇesu ca sattesu – <span class="bld">tattha sikkhānugīyanti, yāni loke gadhitānī</span>ti gāthā. Tassattho – ye <span class="bld">loke</span> <a name="M0.0382"></a> pañca kāmaguṇā paṭilābhāya gijjhantīti katvā ‘‘gadhitānī’’ti vuccanti, cirakālasevitattā vā ‘‘gadhitānī’’ti vuccanti. <span class="bld">Tattha</span> taṃ nimittaṃ hatthisikkhādikā anekā <span class="bld">sikkhā</span> kathīyanti, uggayhanti vā. Passatha yāva samattho vāyaṃ loko, yato paṇḍito kulaputto <span class="bld">tesu</span> vā gadhitesu tāsu vā sikkhāsu <a name="V0.0352"></a> adhimutto <span class="bld">na siyā,</span> aññadatthu aniccādidassanena <span class="bld">nibbijjha sabbaso kāme. Attano nibbānameva sikkhe</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭivijjhitvā</span>ti ñāṇena nikkhametvā vā nibbijjhitvā vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para176"></a><span class="paranum">176</span>. Idāni yathā nibbānāya sikkhitabbaṃ, taṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘sacco siyā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">sacco</span>ti vācāsaccena ñāṇasaccena maggasaccena ca samannāgato. <span class="bld">Rittapesuṇo</span>ti pahīnapesuṇo. <span class="bld">Veviccha</span>nti macchariyaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para177"></a><span class="paranum">177</span>. <span class="bld">Niddaṃ tandiṃ sahe thīna</span>nti pacalāyikañca kāyālasiyañca cittālasiyañcāti ime tayo dhamme abhibhaveyya. <span class="bld">Nibbānamānaso</span>ti nibbānaninnacitto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāyassa akalyatā</span>ti khandhattayasaṅkhātassa nāmakāyassa gilānabhāvo. Gilāno hi akallakoti vuccati. Vinayepi (pārā. 151) vuttaṃ – ‘‘nāhaṃ, bhante, akallako’’ti. <span class="bld">Akammaññatā</span>ti kāyagelaññasaṅkhāto <a name="P2.0433"></a> akammaññatākāro. Megho viya ākāsaṃ kāyaṃ onayhatīti <span class="bld">onāho</span>. Sabbato bhāgena onāho <span class="bld">pariyonāho</span>. Abbhantare samorundhatīti <span class="bld">antosamorodho</span>. Medhatīti <span class="bld">middhaṃ,</span> akammaññabhāvena vihiṃsatīti attho. Supanti tenāti <span class="bld">suppaṃ</span>. Akkhidalādīnaṃ pacalabhāvaṃ karotīti <span class="bld">pacalāyikā. Suppanā suppitatta</span>nti ākārabhāvaniddesā. <span class="bld">Olīyanā</span>ti olīyanākāro. Dutiyaṃ upasaggavasena vaḍḍhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Līna</span>nti avipphārikatāya paṭikuṭikaṃ. Itare dve ākārabhāvaniddesā. <span class="bld">Thina</span>nti sappipiṇḍo viya avipphārikatāya ghanabhāvena ṭhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Thiyanā</span>ti ākāraniddeso. Thiyitassa bhāvo <span class="bld">thiyitattaṃ,</span> avipphāravasena thaddhatāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbasaṅkhāradhātuyā</span>ti <a name="M0.0383"></a> nibbānaninnamānaso sabbatebhūmikasaṅkhātadhātuyā. <span class="bld">Cittaṃ paṭivāpetvā</span>ti cittaṃ nivattāpetvā. <span class="bld">Etaṃ santa</span>nti etaṃ nibbānaṃ. Kilesasantatāya <span class="bld">santaṃ</span>. Atappakaṭṭhena <span class="bld">paṇītaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na paṇḍitā upadhisukhassa hetū</span>ti dabbajātikā kāmasukhassa kāraṇā dānāni na denti. <span class="bld">Kāmañca te upadhiparikkhayāyā</span>ti ekaṃsena te paṇḍitā kāmakkhayāya kāmakkhepanatthaṃ dānāni denti<a name="V0.0353"></a>. <span class="bld">Apunabbhavāyā</span>ti nibbānatthāya. <span class="bld">Jhānāni bhāventī</span>ti paṭhamajjhānādīni vaḍḍhenti. <span class="bld">Punabbhavāyā</span>ti punabbhavakāraṇā. <span class="bld">Te</span> paṇḍitā nibbānaṃ abhimukhaṃ hutvā dānaṃ dadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para178"></a><span class="paranum">178</span>. <span class="bld">Sāhasā</span>ti rattassa rāgacaritādibhedā sāhasākāraṇā. Niddeso uttānatthoyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para179"></a><span class="paranum">179</span>. <span class="bld">Purāṇaṃ nābhinandeyyā</span>ti atītaṃ rūpādiṃ nābhinandeyya. <span class="bld">Nave</span>ti paccuppanne. <span class="bld">Hīyamāne</span>ti vinassamāne. <span class="bld">Ākāsaṃ na sito siyā</span>ti taṇhānissito na bhaveyya. Taṇhā hi rūpādīnaṃ ākāsanato ‘‘ākāso’’ti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vemāne</span>ti <a name="P2.0434"></a> abhavamāne. <span class="bld">Vigacchamāne</span>ti apagacchamāne.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Ākāsatī’’</span>ti ‘‘ākassatī’’ti ca duvidho pāṭho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para180"></a><span class="paranum">180</span>. Kiṃ kāraṇā ākāsaṃ na sito siyāti ce? <span class="bld">Gedhaṃ brūmī</span>ti gāthā. Tassattho – ahañhi imaṃ ākāsasaṅkhātaṃ taṇhaṃ rūpādīsu gijjhanato <span class="bld">gedhaṃ brūmi</span> ‘‘gedho’’ti vadāmi. Kiñca bhiyyo – avahananaṭṭhena <span class="bld">‘‘ogho’’</span>ti ca ājavanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">‘‘ājava’’</span>nti ca ‘‘idaṃ mayhaṃ, idaṃ mayha’’nti jappakāraṇato <span class="bld">‘‘jappana’’</span>nti ca dummuñcanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">‘‘ārammaṇa’’</span>nti ca kampakaraṇaṭṭhena <span class="bld">‘‘kampana’’</span>nti ca brūmi, esāva lokassa palibodhaṭṭhena duratikkamanīyaṭṭhena ca <span class="bld">‘‘kāmapaṅko duraccayo’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ājava</span>nti āpaṭisandhito javati dhāvatīti ājavaṃ, vaṭṭamūlatāya punabbhave paṭisandhidānataṇhāyetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Jappana</span>nti patthanā, taṇhāyetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ārammaṇampi vuccati taṇhā</span>ti rūpādīsu ārammaṇesu uppannataṇhā muccituṃ asakkuṇeyyaṭṭhena ārammaṇāti kathīyati. <span class="bld">Kāmapaṅko</span>ti osīdanaṭṭhena kalalaṃ. <span class="bld">Kaddamo</span>ti saṅgaṭṭhena kaddamo. Tāpanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">kileso</span><a name="M0.0384"></a>. Niyyāsaṃ viya laggāpanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">palipo</span>. Rundhitvā dhāraṇaṭṭhena <span class="bld">palirodho</span>. Evametaṃ gedhādipariyāyaṃ ākāsaṃ anissito.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para181"></a><span class="paranum">181</span>. <span class="bld">Saccā avokkama</span>nti gāthā. Tassattho – pubbe vuttā tividhāpi saccā avokkamaṃ moneyyapattiyā <span class="bld">munī</span>ti saṅkhaṃ gato nibbānathale <span class="bld">tiṭṭhati brāhmaṇo, sa ve</span>evarūpo sabbāni āyatanāni nissajjitvā <span class="bld">‘‘santo’’</span>ti vuccati. Niddese vattabbaṃ natthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para182"></a><span class="paranum">182</span>. Kiñca <a name="V0.0354"></a> bhiyyo – <span class="bld">sa ve vidvā</span>ti gāthā. Tattha <span class="bld">ñatvā dhamma</span>nti aniccādinayena saṅkhatadhammaṃ aññāya. <span class="bld">Sammā so loke iriyāno</span>ti asammāiriyanakarānaṃ kilesānaṃ pahānā sammā so loke iriyamāno.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para183"></a><span class="paranum">183</span>. Evaṃ <a name="P2.0435"></a> apihento ca – <span class="bld">yodha kāme</span>ti gāthā. Tattha <span class="bld">saṅga</span>nti sattavidhaṃ saṅgaṃ yo accatari. <span class="bld">Nājjhetī</span>ti na abhijjhāyati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para184"></a><span class="paranum">184</span>. Tasmā tumhesupi yo evarūpo hotuṃ icchati, taṃ vadāmi – <span class="bld">yaṃ pubbe</span>ti gāthā. Tattha <span class="bld">yaṃ pubbe</span>ti atīte saṅkhāre ārabbha uppajjanadhammaṃ kilesajātaṃ atītaṃ kammañca. <span class="bld">Pacchā te māhu kiñcana</span>nti anāgatepi saṅkhāre ārabbha uppajjanadhammaṃ rāgādikiñcanaṃ mā ahu. <span class="bld">Majjhe ce no gahessasī</span>ti paccuppannarūpādidhammepi na gahessasi ce. Evaṃ upasanto carissasi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Abījaṃ karohī</span>ti maggañāṇena na bījaṃ karohi. <span class="bld">Rāgakiñcana</span>nti rāgaphandanaṃ. <span class="bld">Dosakiñcanā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para185"></a><span class="paranum">185</span>. Evaṃ arahattappattiṃ dassetvā idāni arahato thutivasena ito parā gāthāyo abhāsi. Tattha <span class="bld">sabbaso</span>ti gāthāya <span class="bld">mamāyita</span>nti mamattakaraṇaṃ. ‘‘Mama ida’’nti gahitaṃ vā vatthu. <span class="bld">Asatā ca na socatī</span>ti avijjamānakāraṇā asantakāraṇā na socati. <span class="bld">Na jīyatī</span>ti jāniṃ nādhigacchati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ahu</span> <a name="M0.0385"></a> <span class="bld">vata me</span>ti mayhaṃ ahosi vata. <span class="bld">Taṃ vata me natthī</span>ti yaṃ atīte ahosi, taṃ mayhaṃ idāni na santi. <span class="bld">Siyā vata me</span>ti yaṃ mayhaṃ bhavissati, <span class="bld">taṃ vatāhaṃ na labhāmī</span>ti idāni ahaṃ ekaṃsena na pāpuṇāmi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para186"></a><span class="paranum">186</span>. Kiñca bhiyyo – <span class="bld">yassa natthī</span>ti gāthā. Tattha <span class="bld">kiñcana</span>nti kiñci rūpādidhammajātaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Abhisaṅkhata</span>nti kammena saṅkharitaṃ. <span class="bld">Abhisañcetayita</span>nti cittena rāsikataṃ. <span class="bld">Avijjāya tvevā</span>ti avijjāya tu eva. <span class="bld">Asesavirāganirodhā</span>ti virāgasaṅkhātena maggena niravasesanirodhā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Suññato</span> <a name="V0.0355"></a> <span class="bld">lokaṃ avekkhassū</span>ti avasavattisallakkhaṇavasena vā tucchasaṅkhārasamanupassanavasena vāti dvīhākārehi suññato lokaṃ passa. <span class="bld">Attānudiṭṭhiṃ ūhaccā</span>ti sakkāyadiṭṭhiṃ uddharitvā. <span class="bld">Evaṃ maccutaro siyā</span>ti evaṃ maraṇassa <a name="P2.0436"></a> taraṇo bhaveyya. <span class="bld">Evaṃ lokaṃ avekkhanta</span>nti evaṃ khandhalokaṃ passantaṃ. <span class="bld">Maccurājā na passatī</span>ti maraṇarājā na oloketi na dakkhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nāññaṃ patthayate kiñcī</span>ti aññaṃ appamattakampi na patthayati na pihayati. <span class="bld">Aññatra appaṭisandhiyā</span>ti nibbānaṃ ṭhapetvā. ‘‘Aññatrappaṭisandhiyā’’ti ekapadaṃ katvāpi paṭhanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para187"></a><span class="paranum">187</span>. Kiñca bhiyyo – <span class="bld">aniṭṭhurī</span>ti gāthā. Tattha <span class="bld">aniṭṭhurī</span>ti anissukī. ‘‘Aniṭṭharī’’tipi keci paṭhanti. <span class="bld">Sabbadhī samo</span>ti sabbattha samo, upekkhakoti adhippāyo. Kiṃ vuttaṃ hoti? Yo so ‘‘natthi me’’ti na socati, tamahaṃ avikampinaṃ puggalaṃ puṭṭho samāno aniṭṭhurī ananugiddho, anejo <span class="bld">sabbadhī samo</span>ti imaṃ tasmiṃ puggale catubbidhaṃ ānisaṃsaṃ brūmīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Niṭṭhuriyo</span>ti issukī. Niṭṭhurabhāvo <span class="bld">niṭṭhuriyaṃ,</span> taṃ nissāya ettakampi natthīti kheḷapātanti attho. <span class="bld">Niṭṭhuriyakamma</span>nti niṭṭhuriyakaraṇaṃ. Gahaṭṭho vā hi gahaṭṭhaṃ bhikkhu vā bhikkhuṃ nissāya vasanto appamattakeneva kujjhitvā taṃ nissāya ettakampi natthīti kheḷaṃ pātetvā pādena maddanto viya niṭṭhuriyaṃ nāma karoti. Tassa taṃ kammaṃ ‘‘niṭṭhuriyakamma’’nti vuccati. <span class="bld">Issā</span>ti sabhāvaniddeso<a name="M0.0386"></a>. Tato parā dve ākārabhāvaniddesā. Itarattayaṃ pariyāyavacanaṃ. Lakkhaṇādito panesā parasampattīnaṃ usūyanalakkhaṇā issā; tattha ca anabhiratirasā; tato vimukhabhāvapaccupaṭṭhānā; parasampattipadaṭṭhānā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Lābhepi na iñjatī</span>ti paccayalābhe na calati. <span class="bld">Alābhepī</span>ti paccayānaṃ alābhepi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para188"></a><span class="paranum">188</span>. Kiñca bhiyyo – <span class="bld">anejassā</span>ti gāthā. Tattha <span class="bld">nisaṅkhatī</span>ti puññābhisaṅkhārādīsu yo koci saṅkhāro. So hi yasmā nisaṅkhariyati, nisaṅkharoti vā, tasmā ‘‘nisaṅkhatī’’ti vuccati. <span class="bld">Viyārambhā</span>ti vividhā puññābhisaṅkhārādikā ārambhā. <span class="bld">Khemaṃ passati sabbadhī</span>ti sabbattha abhayameva passati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ārambhā</span>ti <a name="V0.0356"></a> kammānaṃ paṭhamārambhā. <span class="bld">Viyārambhā</span>ti uparūpari <a name="P2.0437"></a> vividhaārambhanavasena vīriyārambhā. Tīsu bhavesu paṭisandhijanakakammānaṃ etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Tasmā viyārambhā ārato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para189"></a><span class="paranum">189</span>. Evaṃ passanto <span class="bld">na samesū</span>ti gāthā. Tattha <span class="bld">na vadate</span>ti ‘‘sadisohamasmī’’tiādinā mānavasena samesupi attānaṃ na vadati omesupi ussesupi. <span class="bld">Nādeti na nirassatī</span>ti rūpādīsu kañci dhammaṃ na gaṇhāti na nissajjati. Sesaṃ sabbattha tattha tattha vuttanayattā pākaṭameva. Evaṃ arahattanikūṭeneva desanaṃ niṭṭhāpesīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Saddhammappajjotikāya mahāniddesaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Attadaṇḍasuttaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter">16. Sāriputtasuttaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para190"></a><span class="paranum">190</span>. Soḷasame <a name="V0.0357"></a><a name="P2.0438"></a> <span class="bld">na me diṭṭho</span>ti sāriputtasuttaniddeso. Tattha <span class="bld">ito pubbe</span>ti ito saṅkassanagare otaraṇato pubbe. <span class="bld">Vagguvado</span>ti sundaravado. <span class="bld">Tusitā gaṇimāgato</span>ti tusitakāyā cavitvā mātukucchiṃ āgatattā tusitā āgato. Gaṇācariyattā <span class="bld">gaṇī</span><a name="M0.0387"></a>. Santuṭṭhaṭṭhena vā tusitasaṅkhātā devalokā gaṇiṃ āgato, tusitānaṃ vā arahantānaṃ gaṇiṃ āgatoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Iminā cakkhunā</span>ti iminā attabhāvapariyāpannena pakatimaṃsacakkhunā. <span class="bld">Iminā attabhāvenā</span>ti iminā pacchimena attabhāvena. <span class="bld">Tāvatiṃsabhavane</span>ti tāvatiṃsadevaloke. <span class="bld">Pāricchattakamūle</span>ti koviḷārarukkhassa heṭṭhā. <span class="bld">Paṇḍukambalasilāya</span>nti rattakambalasadisapāsāṇapiṭṭhe. <span class="bld">Vassaṃ vuṭṭho</span>ti vuṭṭhavasso. <span class="bld">Devagaṇaparivuto</span>ti devasaṅghena parivārito. <span class="bld">Otiṇṇo</span>ti avatiṇṇo. <span class="bld">Imaṃ dassanaṃ pubbe</span>ti aññatra imamhā dassanā pubbe. <span class="bld">Na diṭṭho</span>ti aññadā na diṭṭhapubbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Khattiyassa vā</span>ti khattiyassa vadantassa na suto. <span class="bld">Brāhmaṇā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Madhuravado</span>tiādīsu byañjanasampannaṃ madhuraṃ vadatīti <span class="bld">madhuravado</span>. Pemajanakaṃ pemārahaṃ vadatīti <span class="bld">pemanīyavado</span>. Hadayaṅgamacitte ṭhapanayogyaṃ vadatīti <span class="bld">hadayaṅgamavado</span>. Karavīkasakuṇasaddo viya madhuraghoso assāti <span class="bld">karavīkarutamañjughoso. Vissaṭṭho cā</span>ti apalibuddho tattha tattha apakkhalano. <span class="bld">Viññeyyo cā</span>ti suvijāneyyo ca. <span class="bld">Mañju cā</span>ti madhuro ca. <span class="bld">Savanīyo cā</span>ti kaṇṇasukho ca. <span class="bld">Bindu cā</span>ti ghano ca. <span class="bld">Avisārī cā</span>ti na patthaṭo ca. <span class="bld">Gambhīro cā</span>ti na uttāno ca. <span class="bld">Ninnādi cā</span>ti ghosavanto ca. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti assa satthuno. <span class="bld">Bahiddhā parisāyā</span>ti parisato bahi. <span class="bld">Na niccharatī</span>ti na nikkhamati. Kiṃkāraṇā? Evarūpo madhurasaddo nikkāraṇā mā vinassatūti. <span class="bld">Brahmassaro</span>ti <a name="P2.0439"></a> aññe chinnassarāpi bhinnassarāpi kākassarāpi honti, ayaṃ pana mahābrahmuno sarasadisena sarena samannāgato. Mahābrahmuno hi pittasemhehi apalibuddhattā saro visuddho hoti, bhagavatāpi katakammaṃ vatthuṃ sodheti, vatthuno suddhattā nābhito paṭṭhāya samuṭṭhahanto saro <a name="V0.0358"></a> visuddho aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgatāva samuṭṭhāti. Karavīko viya bhaṇatīti <span class="bld">karavīkabhāṇī,</span> mattakaravīkarutamañjughosoti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tāretī</span>ti akhemantaṭṭhānaṃ atikkāmeti. <span class="bld">Uttāretī</span>ti khemantabhūmiṃ upanento tāreti. <span class="bld">Nittāretī</span>ti akhemantaṭṭhānato nikkhāmento tāreti<a name="M0.0388"></a>. <span class="bld">Patāretī</span>ti pariggahetvā tāreti, hatthena pariggahetvā viya tāretīti attho. Sabbampetaṃ tāraṇuttāraṇādikhemantaṭṭhāne ṭhapanamevāti āha – <span class="bld">‘‘khemantabhūmiṃ sampāpetī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Satte</span>ti veneyyasatte. Mahāgahanatāya mahānatthatāya dunnittariyatāya ca jātiyeva kantāro jātikantāro, taṃ <span class="bld">jātikantāraṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gaṇassa sussūsatī</span>ti gaṇo assa vacanaṃ sussūsati suṇāti upalakkheti. <span class="bld">Sotaṃ odahatī</span>ti sotukāmatāya sotaṃ avadahati patiṭṭhāpeti. <span class="bld">Aññā cittaṃ upaṭṭhapetī</span>ti ñātukāmaṃ cittaṃ paṇidahati. <span class="bld">Gaṇaṃ akusalā vuṭṭhāpetvā</span>ti janasamūhaṃ akosallasambhūtā akusalā uṭṭhāpetvā. <span class="bld">Kusale patiṭṭhāpetī</span>ti kosallasambhūte kusale ṭhapeti. <span class="bld">Saṅghī</span>ti rāsivasena saṅgho assa atthīti saṅghī. Parisavasena gaṇo assa atthīti <span class="bld">gaṇī</span>. Gaṇassa ācariyoti <span class="bld">gaṇācariyo</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para191"></a><span class="paranum">191</span>. Dutiyagāthāya <span class="bld">sadevakassa lokassa, yathā dissatī</span>ti sadevakassa lokassa viya manussānampi dissati. Yathā vā dissatīti tacchato aviparītato dissati. <span class="bld">Cakkhumā</span>ti uttamacakkhumā. <span class="bld">Eko</span>ti pabbajjāsaṅkhātādīhi eko. <span class="bld">Rati</span>nti nekkhammaratiādiṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Patirūpako</span>ti suvaṇṇapatirūpako kuṇḍalo. <span class="bld">Mattikākuṇḍalovā</span>ti mattikāya katakuṇḍalo viya. <span class="bld">Lohaḍḍhamāsova suvaṇṇachanno</span>ti suvaṇṇena paṭicchanno lohamāsako viya. <span class="bld">Parivārachannā</span>ti parivārena chāditā. <span class="bld">Anto asuddhā</span>ti <a name="P2.0440"></a> abbhantarato rāgādīhi aparisuddhā. <span class="bld">Bahi sobhamānā</span>ti cīvarādīhi bāhirato sundarā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Akappitairiyāpathā cā</span>ti asajjitairiyāpathā. <span class="bld">Paṇidhisampannā</span>ti paripuṇṇapatthanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Visuddhasaddo</span>ti parisuddhakittisaddo, yathābhūtathutighosoti attho. <span class="bld">Gatakittisaddasiloko</span>ti kittisaddañca silokañca gahetvā caraṇasīlo. Kattha visuddhasaddoti ce? <span class="bld">‘‘Nāgabhavane ca supaṇṇabhavane</span> <a name="V0.0359"></a> <span class="bld">cā’’</span>tiādinā <a name="M0.0389"></a> nayena vitthāretvā vuttaṭṭhāne. <span class="bld">Tato ca bhiyyo</span>ti tato vuttappakārato ca veneyyavasena atirekataropi dissati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbaṃ rāgatama</span>nti sakalaṃ rāgandhakāraṃ. <span class="bld">Dosatamā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Andhakaraṇa</span>nti paññālokanivāraṇakaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Acakkhukaraṇa</span>nti paññācakkhuno akaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Aññāṇakaraṇa</span>nti ñāṇena ajānanakaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Paññānirodhika</span>nti paññānayananāsakaṃ. <span class="bld">Vighātapakkhika</span>nti pīḷākoṭṭhāsikaṃ. <span class="bld">Anibbānasaṃvattanika</span>nti apaccayaamatanibbānatthāya na saṃvattanikaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbaṃ taṃ tena bodhiñāṇena bujjhī</span>ti taṃ sakalaṃ tena catumaggañāṇavasena bujjhi. Paṭhamamaggavasena jāni <span class="bld">anubujjhi</span>. Dutiyamaggavasena puna aññāsi <span class="bld">paṭivijjhi</span>. Tatiyamaggavasena paṭivedhaṃ pāpuṇi <span class="bld">sambujjhi</span>. Catutthamaggavasena nissesapaṭivedhena <span class="bld">sammābujjhi. Adhigacchi phassesi sacchākāsī</span>ti etaṃ tayaṃ phalavasena yojetabbaṃ. Paṭhamadutiyavasena paṭilabhi. Tatiyavasena ñāṇaphassena phusi. Catutthavasena paccakkhaṃ akāsi. Atha vā ekekaphalassa tayopi labbhanti eva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nekkhammarati</span>nti pabbajjādīni nissāya uppannaratiṃ. <span class="bld">Vivekarati</span>nti kāyavivekādimhi uppannaratiṃ. <span class="bld">Upasamarati</span>nti kilesavūpasame ratiṃ. <span class="bld">Sambodhirati</span>nti maggaṃ paccavekkhantassa uppannaratiṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para192"></a><span class="paranum">192</span>. Tatiyagāthāya <span class="bld">bahūnamidha baddhāna</span>nti idha bahūnaṃ khattiyādīnaṃ sissānaṃ. Sissā hi ācariyapaṭibaddhavuttittā ‘‘baddhā’’ti vuccanti. <span class="bld">Atthi pañhena āgama</span>nti atthiko pañhena āgatomhi<a name="P2.0441"></a>, atthikānaṃ vā pañhena āgamanaṃ, pañhena atthi āgamanaṃ vāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Buddhoti padassa abhāvepi <span class="bld">taṃ buddha</span>nti pade yo so buddho, taṃ niddisitukāmena <span class="bld">‘‘buddho’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sayambhū</span>ti upadesaṃ vinā sayameva bhūto. <span class="bld">Anācariyako</span>ti sayambhūpadassa atthavivaraṇaṃ. Yo hi ācariyaṃ vinā saccāni paṭivijjhati, so sayambhū nāma hotīti. <span class="bld">Pubbe ananussutesū</span>tiādi anācariyakabhāvassa atthappakāsanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ananussutesū</span>ti ācariyato ananussutesu. <span class="bld">Sāma</span>nti sayameva. <span class="bld">Abhisambujjhī</span>ti bhusaṃ sammā paṭivijjhi. <span class="bld">Tattha ca sabbaññutaṃ pāpuṇī</span>ti tesu ca saccesu sabbaññubhāvaṃ pāpuṇi. Yathā saccāni paṭivijjhantā sabbaññuno honti<a name="M0.0390"></a>, tathā saccānaṃ paṭividdhattā evaṃ vuttaṃ. ‘‘Sabbaññutaṃ patto’’tipi pāṭho. <span class="bld">Balesu</span> <a name="V0.0360"></a> <span class="bld">ca vasībhāva</span>nti dasasu ca tathāgatabalesu issarabhāvaṃ pāpuṇi. Yo so evaṃ bhūto, so buddhoti vuttaṃ hoti. Tattha sabbadhammesu appaṭihatañāṇanimittānuttaravimokkhādhigamaparibhāvitakhandhasantānaṃ upādāya paṇṇattiko, sabbaññutapadaṭṭhānaṃ vā saccābhisambodhimupādāya paṇṇattiko sattaviseso buddho. Ettāvatā atthato buddhavibhāvanā katā hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni byañjanato vibhāvento <span class="bld">‘‘buddhoti kenaṭṭhena buddho’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha yathā loke avagantā ‘‘avagato’’ti vuccati, evaṃ <span class="bld">bujjhitā saccānīti buddho</span>. Yathā paṇṇasosā vātā ‘‘paṇṇasusā’’ti vuccanti, evaṃ <span class="bld">bodhetā pajāyāti buddho. Sabbaññutāya buddho</span>ti sabbadhammabujjhanasamatthāya buddhiyā buddhoti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Sabbadassāvitāya buddho</span>ti sabbadhammānaṃ ñāṇacakkhunā diṭṭhattā buddhoti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Anaññaneyyatāya buddho</span>ti aññena abodhanīyato sayameva buddhattā buddhoti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Visavitāya buddho</span>ti nānāguṇavikasanato padumamiva vikasanaṭṭhena buddhoti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Khīṇāsavasaṅkhātena buddho</span>tiādīhi chahi pariyāyehi cittasaṅkocakaradhammappahānena niddāya vibuddho puriso viya sabbakilesaniddāya vibuddhattā buddhoti vuttaṃ hoti. Saṅkhā <a name="P2.0442"></a> saṅkhātanti atthato ekattā <span class="bld">saṅkhātenā</span>ti vacanassa koṭṭhāsenāti attho. Taṇhālepadiṭṭhilepābhāvena nirupalepasaṅkhātena savāsanānaṃ sabbakilesānaṃ pahīnattā ekantavacanena visesetvā vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ekantanikkileso</span>ti rāgadosamohāvasesehi sabbakilesehi nikkileso.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekāyanamaggaṃ gatoti buddho</span>ti gamanatthānaṃ dhātūnaṃ bujjhanatthattā bujjhanatthāpi dhātuyo gamanatthā honteva, tasmā ekāyanamaggaṃ gatattā buddhoti vuttaṃ hoti. Ekāyanamaggo cettha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Maggo pantho patho pajjo, añjasaṃ vaṭumāyanaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Nāvā uttarasetū ca, kullo ca bhisi saṅkamo’’ti. (cūḷani. pārāyanatthutigāthāniddesa 101) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Maggassa <a name="M0.0391"></a> bahūsu nāmesu ayananāmena vuttamagganāmena vutto. Tasmā ekamaggabhūto maggo, na dvedhāpathabhūtoti attho. Atha vā ekena ayitabbo maggoti ekāyanamaggo. Ekenāti gaṇasaṅgaṇikaṃ pahāya pavivittena. Ayitabboti paṭipajjitabbo, ayanti vā etenāti ayano, saṃsārato nibbānaṃ gacchantīti attho. Ekesaṃ ayanoti ekāyano. <span class="bld">Ekesa</span>nti seṭṭhānaṃ. Sabbasattaseṭṭhā ca sammāsambuddhā, tasmā ekesaṃ maggabhūto sammāsambuddhānaṃ ayanabhūto maggoti <a name="V0.0361"></a> vuttaṃ hoti. Ayatīti vā ayano, gacchati pavattatīti attho. Ekasmiṃ ayano maggoti ekāyanamaggo. Ekasmiṃyeva buddhasāsane pavattamāno maggo, na aññatthāti vuttaṃ hoti. Api ca ekaṃ ayatīti ekāyano. Pubbabhāge nānāmukhabhāvanānayappavattopi aparabhāge ekaṃ nibbānameva gacchatīti vuttaṃ hoti, tasmā <span class="bld">ekāyanamaggo</span>ti ekanibbānagamanamaggoti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Eko anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambuddho</span>ti na parehi buddhattā buddho, kintu sayameva anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambuddhattā buddhoti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Abuddhivihatattā buddhipaṭilābhattā buddho</span>ti buddhi buddhaṃ bodhoti pariyāyavacanametaṃ. Tattha yathā <a name="P2.0443"></a> ‘‘nīlarattaguṇayogā nīlo paṭo, ratto paṭo’’ti vuccati, evaṃ buddhaguṇayogā ‘‘buddho’’ti ñāpetuṃ vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tato paraṃ <span class="bld">buddhoti netaṃ nāma</span>ntiādi ‘‘atthamanugatā ayaṃ paññattī’’ti ñāpanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">mittā</span> sahāyā. <span class="bld">Amaccā</span> bhaccā. <span class="bld">Ñātī</span> pitupakkhikā. <span class="bld">Sālohitā</span> mātupakkhikā. <span class="bld">Samaṇā</span> pabbajjupagatā. <span class="bld">Brāhmaṇā</span> bhovādino, samitapāpabāhitapāpā vā. <span class="bld">Devatā</span> sakkādayo brahmāno ca. <span class="bld">Vimokkhantika</span>nti vimokkho arahattamaggo, vimokkhassa anto arahattaphalaṃ, tasmiṃ vimokkhante bhavaṃ vimokkhantikaṃ nāmaṃ. Sabbaññubhāvo hi arahattamaggena sijjhati, arahattaphalodaye siddhaṃ hoti. Tasmā sabbaññubhāvo vimokkhante bhavo hoti. Taṃ nemittikampi nāmaṃ vimokkhante bhavaṃ nāma hoti. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘vimokkhantikametaṃ buddhānaṃ bhagavantāna’’nti. <span class="bld">Bodhiyā mūle saha sabbaññutaññāṇassa paṭilābhā</span>ti mahābodhirukkhamūle yathāvuttakkhaṇe sabbaññutaññāṇassa paṭilābhena saha. <span class="bld">Sacchikā paññattī</span>ti arahattaphalasacchikiriyāya sabbadhammasacchikiriyāya <a name="M0.0392"></a> vā jātā paññatti. <span class="bld">Yadidaṃ buddho</span>ti paññatti. Ayaṃ byañjanato buddhavibhāvanā. Ito paraṃ <span class="bld">vahassetaṃ bhāra</span>nti pariyosānaṃ tattha tattha vuttanayattā yathāpāḷimeva niyyāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para193"></a><span class="paranum">193</span>. Catutthagāthāya <span class="bld">vijigucchato</span>ti jātiādīhi aṭṭīyato. <span class="bld">Rittamāsana</span>nti vivittaṃ mañcapīṭhaṃ. <span class="bld">Pabbatānaṃ guhāsu vā</span>ti pabbataguhāsu vā rittamāsanaṃ bhajatoti sambandhitabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Jātiyā vijigucchato</span>ti jātiṃ vijigucchato. <span class="bld">Jarāya. Byādhinā</span>tiādīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Bhajato</span>ti evamādīsu <span class="bld">bhajato</span>ti bhajantassa. <span class="bld">Sevato</span>ti sevantassa. <span class="bld">Nisevato</span>ti sammā sevantassa<a name="V0.0362"></a>. <span class="bld">Saṃsevato</span>ti punappunaṃ sevantassa. <span class="bld">Paṭisevato</span>ti upagantvā sevantassa. <span class="bld">Pabbatapabbhārā</span>ti pabbatakucchiyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para194"></a><span class="paranum">194</span>. Pañcamagāthāya <span class="bld">uccāvacesū</span>ti hīnapaṇītesu. <span class="bld">Sayanesū</span>ti vihārādīsu senāsanesu. <span class="bld">Kīvanto tattha bheravā</span>ti kittakā tattha bhayakāraṇā. ‘‘Kuvanto’’tipi pāṭho, kūjantoti cassa attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kuvanto</span>ti <a name="P2.0444"></a> saddāyanto. <span class="bld">Kūjanto</span>ti abyattasaddaṃ karonto. <span class="bld">Nadanto</span>ti ukkuṭṭhiṃ karonto. <span class="bld">Saddaṃ karonto</span>ti vācaṃ bhāsanto. <span class="bld">Katī</span>ti pucchā. <span class="bld">Kittakā</span>ti pamāṇapucchā. <span class="bld">Kīvatakā</span>ti paricchedapucchā. <span class="bld">Kīvabahukā</span>ti pamāṇaparicchedapucchā. <span class="bld">Te bheravā</span>ti ete bhayajananupaddavā bhayārammaṇā. <span class="bld">Kīvabahukā</span>ti pucchite ārammaṇe dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sīhā byagghā dīpī’’</span>tiādīhi vissajjeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para195"></a><span class="paranum">195</span>. Chaṭṭhagāthāya <span class="bld">kati parissayā</span>ti kittakā upaddavā. <span class="bld">Agataṃ disa</span>nti nibbānaṃ. Tañhi agatapubbattā agataṃ, niddisitabbato disā cāti. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘agataṃ disa’’nti. Amataṃ disa’’ntipi pāṭho. <span class="bld">Abhisambhave</span>ti abhisambhaveyya. <span class="bld">Pantamhī</span>ti pariyante.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Agatapubbā sā disā</span>ti yā disā supinantenapi na gatapubbā. <span class="bld">Na sā disā gatapubbā</span>ti esā disā vuttanayena na gatapubbā. <span class="bld">Iminā dīghena addhunā</span>ti anena dīghakālena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samatittika</span>nti <a name="M0.0393"></a> antomukhavaṭṭilekhaṃ pāpetvā samabharitaṃ. <span class="bld">Anavaseka</span>nti anavasiñcanakaṃ aparisiñcanakaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Telapatta</span>nti pakkhittatelaṃ telapattaṃ. <span class="bld">Parihareyyā</span>ti hareyya ādāya gaccheyya. <span class="bld">Evaṃ sacittamanurakkhe</span>ti taṃ telabharitaṃ pattaṃ viya attano cittaṃ kāyagatāya satiyā gocare ceva sampayuttasatiyā cāti ubhinnaṃ antare pakkhipitvā yathā muhuttampi bahiddhā gocare na vikkhipati, tathā paṇḍito yogāvacaro rakkheyya gopayeyya. Kiṃkāraṇā? Etassa hi –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Dunniggahassa lahuno, yatthakāmanipātino;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Cittassa damatho sādhu, cittaṃ dantaṃ sukhāvahaṃ’’. (dha. pa. 35);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tasmā <a name="V0.0363"></a> –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Sududdasaṃ sunipuṇaṃ, yatthakāmanipātinaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Cittaṃ rakkhetha medhāvī, cittaṃ guttaṃ sukhāvahaṃ’’. (dha. pa. 36);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idañhi –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Dūraṅgamaṃ ekacaraṃ, asarīraṃ guhāsayaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Ye cittaṃ saṃyamessanti, mokkhanti mārabandhanā’’. (dha. pa. 37);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Itarassa pana –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Anavaṭṭhitacittassa<a name="P2.0445"></a>, saddhammaṃ avijānato;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Pariplavapasādassa, paññā na paripūrati’’. (dha. pa. 38);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Thirakammaṭṭhānasahāyassa pana –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Anavassutacittassa, ananvāhatacetaso;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Puññapāpapahīnassa, natthi jāgarato bhayaṃ’’. (dha. pa. 39);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tasmā etaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Phandanaṃ capalaṃ cittaṃ, dūrakkhaṃ dunnivārayaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Ujuṃ karoti medhāvī, usukārova tejanaṃ’’. (dha. pa. 33);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ ujuṃ karonto sacittamanurakkhe.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Patthayāno</span> <a name="M0.0394"></a> <span class="bld">disaṃ agatapubba</span>nti imasmiṃ kāyagatāsatikammaṭṭhāne kammaṃ ārabhitvā anamatagge saṃsāre agatapubbaṃ disaṃ patthento vuttanayena sakaṃ cittaṃ rakkheyyāti attho. Kā panesā disā nāma –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Mātāpitā <a name="V0.0364"></a> disā pubbā, ācariyā dakkhiṇā disā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Puttadārā disā pacchā, mittāmaccā ca uttarā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Dāsakammakarā heṭṭhā, uddhaṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Etā disā namasseyya, alamatto kule gihī’’ti. (dī. ni. 3.273) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Ettha tāva mātāpitādayo ‘‘disā’’ti vuttā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Disā catasso vidisā catasso, uddhaṃ adho dasa disā imāyo;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Katamaṃ disaṃ tiṭṭhati nāgarājā, yamaddasā supine chabbisāṇa’’nti. (jā. 1.16.104) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Ettha puratthimādibhedā disāva ‘‘disā’’ti vuttā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Agārino annadapānavatthadā, avhāyikā tampi disaṃ vadanti;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Esā disā paramā setaketu, yaṃ patvā dukkhī sukhino bhavantī’’ti <a name="P2.0446"></a>. (jā. 1.6.9) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Ettha nibbānaṃ ‘‘disa’’nti vuttaṃ. Idhāpi tadeva adhippetaṃ. Taṇhakkhayaṃ virāgantiādīhi dissati apadissati tasmā ‘‘disā’’ti vuccati. Anamatagge pana saṃsāre kenaci bālaputhujjanena supinenapi agatapubbatāya ‘‘agatapubbā disā nāmā’’ti vuccati. Taṃ patthayantena kāyagatāsatiyā yogo karaṇīyoti. <span class="bld">Vajato</span>tiādīsu ettha magguppādato samīpaṃ vajato. Ṭhitikkhaṇe <span class="bld">gacchato</span>. Phalodayato <span class="bld">atikkamato</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ante</span>ti antamhi ṭhite. <span class="bld">Pante</span>ti vanagahanagambhīre ṭhite. <span class="bld">Pariyante</span>ti dūrabhāvena pariyante ṭhite. <span class="bld">Selante</span>ti pabbatānaṃ ante. <span class="bld">Vanante</span>ti vanaghaṭānaṃ ante. <span class="bld">Nadante</span>ti nadīnaṃ ante. <span class="bld">Udakante</span>ti udakānaṃ pariyante. <span class="bld">Yattha na kasīyati na vapīyatī</span>ti yasmiṃ kasanañca vapanañca na karīyati. <span class="bld">Janantaṃ</span> <a name="M0.0395"></a> <span class="bld">atikkamitvā</span> ṭhite. <span class="bld">Manussānaṃ anupacāre</span>ti kasanavapanavasena manussehi anupacaritabbe senāsane.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para196"></a><span class="paranum">196</span>. Sattamagāthāya <a name="V0.0365"></a> <span class="bld">kyāssa byappathayo assū</span>ti kidisāni tassa vacanāni assu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Musāvādaṃ pahāyā</span>ti ettha musāti visaṃvādanapurekkhārassa atthabhañjanako vacīpayogo kāyapayogo vā. Visaṃvādanādhippāyena panassa paravisaṃvādakakāyavacīpayogasamuṭṭhāpikā cetanā <span class="bld">musāvādo</span>. Aparo nayo – <span class="bld">musā</span>ti abhūtaṃ atacchaṃ vatthu, <span class="bld">vādo</span>ti tassa bhūtato tacchato viññāpanaṃ. Lakkhaṇato pana atathaṃ vatthuṃ tathato paraṃ viññāpetukāmassa tathāviññattisamuṭṭhāpikā cetanā <span class="bld">musāvādo</span>. So yamatthaṃ bhañjati, tassa appatāya appasāvajjo, mahantatāya mahāsāvajjo. Api ca gahaṭṭhānaṃ attano santakaṃ adātukāmatāya ‘‘natthī’’tiādinayappavatto appasāvajjo, sakkhinā hutvā atthabhañjanatthaṃ vutto mahāsāvajjo. Pabbajitānaṃ appakampi telaṃ vā sappiṃ vā labhitvā hasādhippāyena ‘‘ajja gāme telaṃ nadī maññe sandatī’’ti pūraṇakathānayena pavatto appasāvajjo, adiṭṭhaṃyeva pana diṭṭhantiādinā nayena vadantānaṃ mahāsāvajjo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tassa cattāro sambhārā honti – atathaṃ vatthu <a name="P2.0447"></a> visaṃvādanacittaṃ tajjo vāyāmo parassa tadatthavijānananti. Eko payogo sāhatthikova. So ca kāyena vā kāyapaṭibaddhena vā vācāya vā paravisaṃvādakakiriyākaraṇe daṭṭhabbo. Tāya ce kiriyāya paro tamatthaṃ jānāti, ayaṃ kiriyasamuṭṭhāpikā cetanākkhaṇeyeva musāvādakammunā bajjhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Saccaṃ vadatīti <span class="bld">saccavādī</span>. Saccena saccaṃ sandahati ghaṭetīti <span class="bld">saccasandho,</span> na antarantarā musā vadatīti attho. Yo hi puriso kadāci musā vadati, kadāci saccaṃ, tassa musāvādena antarikatāya saccaṃ saccena na ghaṭiyati, tasmā na so saccasandho. Ayaṃ pana na tādiso, jīvitahetupi musā avatvā saccena saccaṃ sandahatiyevāti saccasandho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Theto</span>ti thiro, thirakathoti attho. Eko puggalo haliddirāgo viya thusarāsimhi nikhātakhāṇu viya assapiṭṭhe ṭhapitakumbhaṇḍamiva ca <a name="M0.0396"></a> na thirakatho hoti. Eko pāsāṇalekhā viya indakhīlo viya ca thirakatho hoti, asinā sīsaṃ chindantepi dvekathā na katheti. Ayaṃ vuccati theto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paccayiko</span>ti pattiyāyitabbo, saddhāyitabbakoti attho. Ekacco hi puggalo na paccayiko hoti, ‘‘idaṃ kena vuttaṃ, asukenā’’ti vutte ‘‘mā tassa vacanaṃ saddahathā’’ti vattabbataṃ <a name="V0.0366"></a> āpajjati. Eko paccayiko hoti, ‘‘idaṃ kena vuttaṃ, asukenā’’ti vutte ‘‘yadi tena vuttaṃ, idameva pamāṇaṃ, idāni upaparikkhitabbaṃ natthi, evameva ida’’nti vattabbataṃ āpajjati, ayaṃ vuccati paccayiko. <span class="bld">Avisaṃvādako lokassā</span>ti tāya saccavāditāya lokaṃ na visaṃvādetīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pisuṇaṃ vācaṃ pahāyā</span>tiādīsu yāya vācāya yassa taṃ vācaṃ bhāsati, tassa hadaye attano piyabhāvaṃ parassa ca suññabhāvaṃ karoti, sā pisuṇavācā. Yāya pana attānampi parampi pharusaṃ karoti, yā vācā sayampi pharusā, neva kaṇṇasukhā na hadayaṅgamā, ayaṃ <span class="bld">pharusavācā</span>. Yena samphaṃ palapati niratthakaṃ, so <span class="bld">samphappalāpo</span>. Tesaṃ mūlabhūtāpi <a name="P2.0448"></a> cetanā pisuṇavācādināmameva labhati, sā eva idha adhippetāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha saṃkiliṭṭhacittassa paresaṃ vā bhedāya attano piyakamyatāya vā kāyavacīpayogasamuṭṭhāpikā cetanā <span class="bld">pisuṇavācā</span>. Sā yassa bhedaṃ karoti, tassa appaguṇatāya appasāvajjā, mahāguṇatāya mahāsāvajjā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tassā cattāro sambhārā honti – bhinditabbo paro, ‘‘iti ime nānā bhavissanti vinā bhavissantī’’ti bhedapurekkhāratā vā, ‘‘iti ahaṃ piyo bhavissāmi vissāsiko’’ti piyakamyatā vā, tajjo vāyāmo, tassa tadatthavijānananti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Imesaṃ bhedāyā</span>ti yesaṃ itoti vuttānaṃ santike sutaṃ, tesaṃ bhedāya. <span class="bld">Bhinnānaṃ vā sandhātā</span>ti dvinnaṃ mittānaṃ vā samānupajjhāyakādīnaṃ vā kenacideva kāraṇena bhinnānaṃ ekamekaṃ upasaṅkamitvā ‘‘tumhākaṃ īdise kule jātānaṃ evaṃ bahussutānaṃ idaṃ na yutta’’ntiādīni vatvā sandhānaṃ kattā. <span class="bld">Anuppadātā</span>ti sandhānānuppadātā, dve jane samagge disvā <a name="M0.0397"></a> ‘‘tumhākaṃ evarūpe kule jātānaṃ evarūpehi guṇehi samannāgatānaṃ anucchavikameta’’ntiādīni vatvā daḷhīkammaṃ kattāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Samaggo ārāmo assāti <span class="bld">samaggārāmo,</span> yattha samaggā natthi, tattha vasitumpi na icchatīti attho. ‘‘Samaggarāmo’’tipi pāḷi, ayamevattho. <span class="bld">Samaggarato</span>ti samaggesu rato, te pahāya aññatra gantumpi na icchatīti attho. Samagge disvāpi sutvāpi nandatīti <span class="bld">samagganandī</span><a name="V0.0367"></a>. <span class="bld">Samaggakaraṇiṃ vācaṃ bhāsitā</span>ti yā vācā satte samaggeyeva karoti, taṃ sāmaggiguṇaparidīpakameva vācaṃ bhāsati, na itaranti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Parassa mammacchedakakāyavacīpayogasamuṭṭhāpikā ekantapharusacetanā <span class="bld">pharusavācā</span>. Mammacchedakopi payogo cittasaṇhatāya pharusavācā na hoti. Mātāpitaro hi kadāci puttake evampi vadanti ‘‘corā vo khaṇḍākhaṇḍikaṃ karontū’’ti, uppalapattampi ca nesaṃ upari patantaṃ na icchanti. Ācariyupajjhāyā ca kadāci nissitake evaṃ vadanti ‘‘kiṃ ime ahirikā anottappino caranti, niddhamatha ne’’ti. Atha ca nesaṃ āgamādhigamasampattiṃ icchanti. Yathā ca cittasaṇhatāya pharusavācā na hoti, evaṃ <a name="P2.0449"></a> vacanasaṇhatāya apharusavācāpi na hoti. Na hi mārāpetukāmassa ‘‘imaṃ sukhaṃ sayāpethā’’ti vacanaṃ apharusavācā hoti, cittapharusatāya panesā pharusavācāva, sā yaṃ sandhāya pavattitā. Tassa appaguṇatāya appasāvajjā, mahāguṇatāya mahāsāvajjā. Tassā tayo sambhārā – akkositabbo paro kupitacittaṃ akkosanāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nelā</span>ti elaṃ vuccati doso, nāssā elanti nelā, niddosāti attho. ‘‘Nelaṅgo setapacchādo’’ti (udā. 65; peṭako. 25) ettha vuttanelaṃ viya. <span class="bld">Kaṇṇasukhā</span>ti byañjanamadhuratāya kaṇṇānaṃ sukhā, sūcivijjhanaṃ viya kaṇṇasūlaṃ na janeti. Atthamadhuratāya sakalasarīre kopaṃ ajanetvā pemaṃ janetīti <span class="bld">pemaniyā</span>. Hadayaṃ gacchati apaṭihaññamānā sukhena cittaṃ pavisatīti <span class="bld">hadayaṅgamā</span>. Guṇaparipuṇṇatāya pure bhavāti <span class="bld">porī</span>. Pure saṃvaddhanārī viya sukumārātipi <span class="bld">porī</span>. Purassa esātipi <span class="bld">porī,</span> nagaravāsīnaṃ kathāti attho. Nagaravāsino hi yuttakathā honti, pitimattaṃ pitāti bhātimattaṃ bhātāti vadanti. Evarūpī kathā bahuno janassa kantā <a name="M0.0398"></a> hotīti <span class="bld">bahujanakantā</span>. Kantabhāveneva bahuno janassa manāpā cittavuḍḍhikarāti <span class="bld">bahujanamanāpā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Anatthaviññāpikā kāyavacīpayogasamuṭṭhāpikā akusalacetanā <span class="bld">samphappalāpo</span>. So āsevanamandatāya appasāvajjo, āsevanamahantatāya mahāsāvajjo. Tassa dve sambhārā – bhāratayuddhasītāharaṇādiniratthakakathā purekkhāratā, tathārūpīkathākathanañca.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kālena vadatīti <span class="bld">kālavādī,</span> vattabbayuttakālaṃ sallakkhetvā vadatīti attho. Bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ sabhāvameva vadatīti <span class="bld">bhūtavādī</span>. Diṭṭhadhammikasamparāyikatthasannissitameva katvā vadatīti <span class="bld">atthavādī</span><a name="V0.0368"></a>. Navalokuttaradhammasannissitaṃ katvā vadatīti <span class="bld">dhammavādī</span>. Saṃvaravinayapahānavinayasannissitaṃ katvā vadatīti <span class="bld">vinayavādī</span>. Nidhānaṃ vuccati ṭhapanokāso, nidhānamassā atthīti <span class="bld">nidhānavatī,</span> hadaye nidhātabbayuttaṃ vācaṃ bhāsitāti attho. <span class="bld">Kālenā</span>ti evarūpiṃ bhāsamānopi ca ‘‘ahaṃ nidhānavatiṃ <a name="P2.0450"></a> vācaṃ bhāsissāmī’’ti na akālena bhāsati, yuttakālaṃ pana apekkhitvāva bhāsatīti attho. <span class="bld">Sāpadesa</span>nti saupamaṃ, sakāraṇanti attho. <span class="bld">Pariyantavati</span>nti paricchedaṃ dassetvā yathāssā paricchedo paññāyati, evaṃ bhāsatīti attho. <span class="bld">Atthasaṃhita</span>nti anekehi nayehi vibhajantena pariyādātuṃ asakkuṇeyyatāya atthasampannaṃ. Yaṃ vā so atthavādī atthaṃ vadati, tena atthena sahitattā atthasaṃhitaṃ vācaṃ bhāsati, na aññaṃ nikkhipitvā aññaṃ bhāsatīti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Catūhi vacīsucaritehī</span>ti ‘‘musāvādaṃ pahāyā’’tiādinā nayena vuttehi catūhi vācāhi yuttehi suṭṭhu caritehi. <span class="bld">Samannāgato</span>ti aparihīno. <span class="bld">Catudosāpagataṃ vācaṃ bhāsatī</span>ti appiyādīhi catūhi dosehi apagataṃ parihīnaṃ vācaṃ bhāsati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Atthi agocaro</span>ti kiñcāpi thero samaṇācāraṃ samaṇagocaraṃ kathetukāmo ‘‘atthi agocaro, atthi gocaro’’ti padaṃ uddhari, yathā pana maggakusalo puriso maggaṃ ācikkhanto ‘‘vāmaṃ muñca, dakkhiṇaṃ gaṇhā’’ti paṭhamaṃ muñcitabbaṃ sabhayamaggaṃ uppathamaggaṃ ācikkhati, pacchā gahetabbaṃ khemamaggaṃ ujumaggaṃ, evameva maggakusalapurisasadiso dhammasenāpati paṭhamaṃ pahātabbaṃ <a name="M0.0399"></a> buddhapaṭikuṭṭhaṃ agocaraṃ ācikkhitvā pacchā gocaraṃ ācikkhitukāmo <span class="bld">‘‘katamo agocaro’’</span>tiādimāha. Purisena hi ācikkhitamaggo sampajjeyya vā na vā, tathāgatena ācikkhitamaggo apaṇṇako indavissaṭṭhaṃ vajiraṃ viya avirajjhanako nibbānanagaraṃyeva samosarati. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘puriso maggakusaloti kho tissa tathāgatassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ arahato sammāsambuddhassā’’ti (saṃ. ni. 3.84).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā vā sasīsaṃ nhānena pahīnasedamalajallikassa purisassa mālāgandhavilepanādivibhūsanavidhānaṃ viya pahīnapāpadhammassa kalyāṇadhammasamāyogo sampannarūpo hoti, tasmā sedamalajallikaṃ viya pahātabbaṃ paṭhamaṃ agocaraṃ ācikkhitvā pahīnasedamalajallikassa mālāgandhavilepanādivibhūsanavidhānaṃ viya pacchā gocaraṃ ācikkhitukāmopi <span class="bld">‘‘katamo agocaro’’</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="V0.0369"></a><a name="P2.0451"></a> <span class="bld">gocaro</span>ti piṇḍapātādīnaṃ atthāya upasaṅkamituṃ yuttaṭṭhānaṃ. Ayuttaṭṭhānaṃ <span class="bld">agocaro</span>. Vesiyā gocaro assāti <span class="bld">vesiyāgocaro,</span> mittasanthavavasena upasaṅkamitabbaṭṭhānanti attho. Tattha vesiyā nāma rūpūpajīviniyo yena kenacideva sulabhajjhācāratā mittasanthavasinehavasena upasaṅkamanto vesiyāgocaro nāma hoti. Tasmā evaṃ upasaṅkamituṃ na vaṭṭati. Kiṃkāraṇā? Ārakkhavipattito. Evaṃ upasaṅkamantassa hi cirarakkhitagopitopi samaṇadhammo katipāheneva nassati. Sacepi na nassati, garahaṃ labhati. Dakkhiṇāvasena pana upasaṅkamantena satiṃ upaṭṭhapetvā upasaṅkamitabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vidhavā</span> vuccanti matapatikā vā pavuṭṭhapatikā vā. <span class="bld">Thullakumāriyo</span>ti mahallikā anibbiddhakumāriyo. <span class="bld">Paṇḍakā</span>ti lokāmisanissitakathābahulā ussannakilesā avūpasantapariḷāhā napuṃsakā. Tesaṃ sabbesampi upasaṅkamane ādīnavo vuttanayeneva veditabbo. <span class="bld">Bhikkhunīsu</span>pi eseva nayo. Api ca bhikkhū nāma ussannabrahmacariyā honti, tathā bhikkhuniyo. Te aññamaññaṃ santhavavasena katipāheneva rakkhitagopitasamaṇadhammaṃ nāsenti. Gilānapucchakena pana gantuṃ vaṭṭati. Bhikkhunā pupphāni labhitvā pūjanatthāyapi ovādadānatthāyapi gantuṃ vaṭṭatiyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pānāgāra</span>nti <a name="M0.0400"></a> surāpānagharaṃ, taṃ brahmacariyantarāyakarehi surāsoṇḍehi avivittaṃ hoti. Tattha tehi saddhiṃ sahasoṇḍavasena upasaṅkamituṃ na vaṭṭati, brahmacariyantarāyo hoti. <span class="bld">Saṃsaṭṭho viharati rājūhī</span>tiādīsu <span class="bld">rājāno</span>ti abhisittā vā hontu anabhisittā vā, ye rajjamanusāsanti. <span class="bld">Rājamahāmattā</span>ti rājūnaṃ issariyasadisāya mahatiyā issariyamattāya samannāgatā. <span class="bld">Titthiyā</span>ti viparītadassanā bāhiraparibbājakā. <span class="bld">Titthiyasāvakā</span>ti bhattivasena tesaṃ paccayadāyakā, etehi saddhiṃ saṃsaggajāto hotīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ananulomikena saṃsaggenā</span>ti ananulomikasaṃsaggo nāma tissannaṃ sikkhānaṃ ananulomo paccanīkasaṃsaggo. Yena brahmacariyantarāyaṃ paññattivītikkamaṃ sallekhaparihāniñca pāpuṇāti. Seyyathidaṃ? Rājarājamahāmattehi saddhiṃ sahasokitā sahananditā samasukhadukkhatā uppannesu kiccakaraṇīyesu <a name="P2.0452"></a> attanā yogaṃ āpajjanatā titthiyatitthiyasāvakehi saddhiṃ ekacchandarucisamācāratā ekacchandarucisamācārabhāvāvaho vā sinehabahumānasanthavo. Tattha rājarājamahāmattehi saddhiṃ saṃsaggo brahmacariyantarāyakaro, itarehi titthiyasāvakehi tesaṃ laddhiggahaṇaṃ<a name="V0.0370"></a>. Tesaṃ pana vādaṃ bhinditvā attano laddhiṃ gaṇhāpetuṃ samatthena upasaṅkamituṃ vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni aparenapi pariyāyena agocaraṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yāni vā pana tāni kulānī’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">assaddhānī</span>ti buddhādīsu saddhāvirahitāni. Tāni ‘‘buddho sabbaññū, dhammo niyyāniko, saṅgho suppaṭipanno’’ti na saddahanti. <span class="bld">Appasannānī</span>ti cittaṃ pasannaṃ anāvilaṃ kātuṃ na sakkonti. <span class="bld">Akkosakaparibhāsakānī</span>ti akkosakāni ceva paribhāsakāni ca. ‘‘Corosi, bālosi, mūḷhosi, oṭṭhosi, goṇosi, gadrabhosi, āpāyikosi, nerayikosi, tiracchānagatosi, natthi tuyhaṃ sugati, duggatiyeva tuyhaṃ pāṭikaṅkhā’’ti evaṃ dasahi akkosavatthūhi akkosanti. ‘‘Hotu, idāni taṃ paharissāma, bandhissāma, vadhissāmā’’ti evaṃ bhayadassanena paribhāsanti cāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anatthakāmānī</span>ti <a name="M0.0401"></a> atthaṃ na icchanti, anatthameva icchanti. <span class="bld">Ahitakāmānī</span>ti ahitameva icchanti, hitaṃ na icchanti. <span class="bld">Aphāsukāmānī</span>ti phāsukaṃ na icchanti, aphāsukameva icchanti. <span class="bld">Ayogakkhemakāmānī</span>ti catūhi yogehi khemaṃ nibbhayaṃ na icchanti, sabhayameva icchanti. <span class="bld">Bhikkhūna</span>nti ettha sāmaṇerāpi saṅgahaṃ gacchanti. <span class="bld">Bhikkhunīna</span>nti ettha sikkhamānāsāmaṇeriyopi. Sabbesampi hi bhagavantaṃ uddissa pabbajitānañceva saraṇagatānañca catunnampi parisānaṃ tāni anatthakāmāniyeva. <span class="bld">Tathārūpāni kulānī</span>ti evarūpāni khattiyakulādīni kulāni. <span class="bld">Sevatī</span>ti nissāya jīvati. <span class="bld">Bhajatī</span>ti upasaṅkamati. <span class="bld">Payirupāsatī</span>ti punappunaṃ upasaṅkamati. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ vuccatī</span>ti ayaṃ vesiyādigocarassa vesiyādiko rājādisaṃsaṭṭhassa rājādiko assaddhakulādisevakassa assaddhakulādiko cāti tippakāropi ayuttagocaro ‘‘agocaro’’ti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tassa imināpi pariyāyena agocaratā veditabbā – vesiyādiko tāva pañcakāmaguṇanissayato agocaro veditabbo. Yathāha – ‘‘ko ca, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno agocaro paravisayo, yadidaṃ pañca kāmaguṇā’’ti<a name="P2.0453"></a>. Rājādiko jhānānuyogassa anupanissayato lābhasakkārāsanicakkanipphādanato diṭṭhivipattihetuto ca, assaddhakulādiko saddhāhānicittapadosāvahanato agocaro.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Antaragharappavesādiko ca cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā nimittaggāhādiko ca saddhādeyyāni bhojanāni <a name="V0.0371"></a> bhuñjitvā visūkadassanānuyogo ca pañca kāmaguṇā cāti catubbidhopi pana kilesuppattivasena agocaroti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mā bhikkhave agocare carathā</span>ti carituṃ ayuttaṭṭhāne mā caratha. <span class="bld">Paravisaye</span>ti sattuvisaye. <span class="bld">Agocare bhikkhave carata</span>nti ayuttaṭṭhāne carantānaṃ. ‘‘Cara’’ntipi pāṭho. <span class="bld">Lacchatī</span>ti labhissati passissati. <span class="bld">Māro</span>ti devaputtamāropi maccumāropi. <span class="bld">Otāra</span>nti randhaṃ chiddaṃ vivaraṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Gocaraniddese <span class="bld">na vesiyāgocaro hotī</span>tiādīni vuttapaṭipakkhavasena veditabbāni. Ayaṃ pana viseso – <span class="bld">cattāro satipaṭṭhānā gocaro</span>ti <a name="M0.0402"></a> carituṃ yuttaṭṭhānavasena catusatipaṭṭhānā gocaro. <span class="bld">Sake</span>ti attano santake. <span class="bld">Pettike visaye</span>ti pitito āgatavisaye.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āraddhavīriyassā</span>ti sammāupaṭṭhitacatusammappadhānavīriyavantassa. <span class="bld">Thāmagatassā</span>ti balappattassa. <span class="bld">Daḷhaparakkamassā</span>ti thiravīriyassa. <span class="bld">Yassatthāya pesito</span>ti yena arahattatthāya attabhāvo pariccatto. <span class="bld">Attatthe cā</span>ti attano atthe arahattaphale ca. <span class="bld">Ñāye cā</span>ti ariye aṭṭhaṅgike magge ca. <span class="bld">Lakkhaṇe cā</span>ti aniccādilakkhaṇapaṭivedhe ca. <span class="bld">Kāraṇe cā</span>ti hetumhi ca. <span class="bld">Ṭhānāṭhāne cā</span>ti ṭhāne ca aṭṭhāne ca, kāraṇākāraṇe cāti attho. Idāni vitthāretvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sabbe saṅkhārā aniccā’’</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para197"></a><span class="paranum">197</span>. Aṭṭhamagāthāya <span class="bld">ekodi nipako</span>ti ekaggacitto paṇḍito.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Jātarūpassa oḷārikampi malaṃ dhamatī</span>ti suvaṇṇassa thūlaṃ jallaṃ aggisaṃyogena nīharati. <span class="bld">Sandhamatī</span>ti sammā nīharati. <span class="bld">Niddhamatī</span>ti apunabhavappattikaṃ katvā nīharati. ‘‘Jhāpetī’’ti keci vadanti. <span class="bld">Majjhimakampī</span>ti tato sukhumatarampi. <span class="bld">Sukhumakampī</span>ti atisukhumatarampi. <span class="bld">Evamevā</span>ti <a name="P2.0454"></a> opammasampaṭipādanaṃ. <span class="bld">Attano oḷārikepi kilese dhamatī</span>ti kāyaduccaritādike thūlakilese vīriyātapena nīharati. <span class="bld">Majjhimakepi kilese</span>ti kāmavitakkādike oḷārikasukhumānaṃ majjhimakepi. <span class="bld">Sukhumakepī</span>ti ñātivitakkādike atisaṇhakepi kilese. <span class="bld">Sammādiṭṭhiyā micchādiṭṭhiṃ dhamatī</span>ti saha vipassanāya maggasampayuttāya sammādiṭṭhiyā viparītasaṅkhātaṃ micchādiṭṭhiṃ nīharati. <span class="bld">Sammāsaṅkappā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para198"></a><span class="paranum">198</span>. Evaṃ āyasmatā sāriputtena tīhi gāthāhi bhagavantaṃ thometvā pañcahi gāthāhi pañcasatānaṃ <a name="V0.0372"></a> sissānamatthāya ca senāsanagocarasīlavatādīni pucchito tamatthaṃ pakāsetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vijigucchamānassā’’</span>tiādinā nayena vissajjanamāraddhaṃ. Tattha paṭhamagāthāya tāvattho – jātiādīhi <span class="bld">jigucchamānassa rittāsanaṃ sayanaṃ sevato ve sambodhikāmassa</span> sāriputta bhikkhuno <span class="bld">yadidaṃ phāsu</span> yo phāsuvihāro <span class="bld">yathānudhammaṃ</span> yo ca anudhammo, <span class="bld">taṃ te pavakkhāmi yathā pajānaṃ</span> yathā pajānanto <a name="M0.0403"></a> vadeyya, evaṃ vadāmīti. <span class="bld">Yaṃ phāsuvihāra</span>nti yaṃ sukhavihāraṃ. <span class="bld">Asappāyarūpadassanenā</span>ti itthirūpādisamaṇāsappāyarūpadassanena. <span class="bld">Taṃ bodhiṃ bujjhitukāmassā</span>ti taṃ catumaggañāṇasaṅkhātaṃ bodhiṃ bujjhituṃ icchantassa. <span class="bld">Anubujjhitukāmassā</span>ti anurūpāya paṭipattiyā bujjhitukāmassa. <span class="bld">Paṭivijjhitukāmassā</span>ti abhimukhe katvā nibbijjhitukāmassa. <span class="bld">Sambujjhitukāmassā</span>ti pahīnakilese apaccāgamanavasena sammā bujjhituṃ icchantassa. <span class="bld">Adhigantukāmassā</span>ti pāpuṇitukāmassa. <span class="bld">Sacchikātukāmassā</span>ti paṭilābhasacchikiriyāya pattukāmassa. Atha vā <span class="bld">bujjhitukāmassā</span>ti sotāpattimaggañāṇaṃ ñātukāmassa. <span class="bld">Anubujjhitukāmassā</span>ti sakadāgāmimaggañāṇaṃ puna ñātukāmassa. <span class="bld">Paṭivijjhitukāmassā</span>ti anāgāmimaggañāṇaṃ paṭivedhavasena ñātukāmassa. <span class="bld">Sambujjhitukāmassā</span>ti arahattamaggañāṇaṃ sammā ñātukāmassa. <span class="bld">Adhigantukāmassā</span>ti catubbidhampi adhigantukāmassa. <span class="bld">Phassitukāmassā</span>ti ñāṇaphusanāya phusitukāmassa. <span class="bld">Sacchikātukāmassā</span>ti paccavekkhaṇāya paccakkhaṃ <a name="P2.0455"></a> kattukāmassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Catunnaṃ maggānaṃ pubbabhāge vipassanā</span>ti catunnaṃ ariyamaggānaṃ purimakoṭṭhāse uppannaudayabbayādivipassanāñāṇāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para199"></a><span class="paranum">199</span>. Dutiyagāthāya <span class="bld">sapariyantacārī</span>ti sīlādīsu catūsu pariyantesu caramāno. <span class="bld">Ḍaṃsādhipātāna</span>nti piṅgalamakkhikānañca sesamakkhikānañca. Te hi tato tato adhipatitvā khādanti, tasmā ‘‘adhipātā’’ti vuccanti. <span class="bld">Manussaphassāna</span>nti corādiphassānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cattāro pariyantā</span>ti cattāro mariyādā paricchedā. <span class="bld">Antopūtibhāvaṃ paccavekkhamāno</span>ti abbhantare kucchitabhāvaṃ sīlavirahitabhāvaṃ olokayamāno. <span class="bld">Anto sīlasaṃvarapariyante caratī</span>ti sīlasaṃvaraparicchedabbhantare carati vicarati. <span class="bld">Mariyādaṃ na bhindatī</span>ti sīlamariyādaṃ sīlaparicchedaṃ na kopeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ādittapariyāyaṃ paccavekkhamāno</span>ti ādittadesanaṃ (mahāva. 54; saṃ. ni. 3.61; 4.28) olokento. <span class="bld">Akkhabbhañjanavaṇapaṭicchādanaputtamaṃsūpamaṃ paccavekkhamāno</span>ti sākaṭikassa <a name="V0.0373"></a><a name="M0.0404"></a> akkhabbhañjanaupamañca, kuṭṭhabyādhino vaṇānaṃ paṭicchādanatelapilotikaupamañca, kantārapaṭipannānaṃ jāyampatikānaṃ puttamaṃsakhādanaupamañca (saṃ. ni. 2.63; mi. pa. 6.1.2) olokento. <span class="bld">Bhaddekarattavihāraṃ paccavekkhamāno</span>ti –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Atītaṃ nānvāgameyya, nappaṭikaṅkhe anāgataṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Taṃ ve ‘bhaddekaratto’ti, santo ācikkhate munī’’ti. (ma. ni. 3.280; netti. 103) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Evaṃ vuttaṃ bhaddekarattavihāraṃ olokento. <span class="bld">Tā uppatitvā uppatitvā khādantī</span>ti nippatitvā nippatitvā khādanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para200"></a><span class="paranum">200</span>. Tatiyagāthāya <span class="bld">paradhammikā</span> nāma sattasahadhammikavajjā sabbepi te bāhirakā. <span class="bld">Kusalānuesī</span>ti kusaladhamme anvesamāno.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Satta sahadhammike ṭhapetvā</span>ti bhikkhubhikkhunīsikkhamānāsāmaṇerasāmaṇerīupāsakaupāsikāyo vajjetvā. <span class="bld">Athāparānipi</span> <a name="P2.0456"></a> <span class="bld">atthi abhisambhotabbānī</span>ti aparānipi madditabbāni atthi saṃvijjanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para201"></a><span class="paranum">201</span>. Catutthagāthāya <span class="bld">ātaṅkaphassenā</span>ti rogaphassena. <span class="bld">Sītaṃ athuṇha</span>nti sītañca uṇhañca. <span class="bld">So tehi phuṭṭho bahudhā</span>ti so tehi ātaṅkādīhi anekehi ākārehi phuṭṭho samāno. <span class="bld">Anoko</span>ti abhisaṅkhāraviññāṇādīnaṃ anokāsabhūto. <span class="bld">Abbhantaradhātupakopavasena vā</span>ti sarīrabbhantare āpodhātukkhobhavasena vā aññadhātukkhobhavasena vā. <span class="bld">Uṇha</span>nti sarīrabbhantare tejodhātukkhobhavasena uṇhaṃ bhavati. <span class="bld">Abhisaṅkhārasahagataviññāṇassā</span>ti kusalākusalacetanāsampayuttacittassa. <span class="bld">Okāsaṃ na karotī</span>ti avakāsaṃ patiṭṭhaṃ na karoti. <span class="bld">Avatthitasamādāno</span>ti otaritvā gāhako.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para202"></a><span class="paranum">202</span>. Evaṃ ‘‘bhikkhuno vijigucchato’’tiādīhi tīhi gāthāhi puṭṭhamatthaṃ vissajjetvā idāni ‘‘kyāssa byappathayo’’tiādinā nayena puṭṭhaṃ vissajjento <span class="bld">‘‘theyyaṃ na kāre’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">phasse</span>ti phuseyya. <span class="bld">Yadāvilattaṃ manaso vijaññā</span>ti yaṃ cittassa āvilattaṃ vijāneyya, taṃ sabbaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kaṇhassa pakkho’’</span>ti vinodayeyya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Adinnādānaṃ</span> <a name="V0.0374"></a><a name="M0.0405"></a> <span class="bld">pahāyā</span>ti ettha adinnassa ādānaṃ adinnādānaṃ, parasaṃharaṇaṃ, theyyaṃ corikāti vuttaṃ hoti. Tattha <span class="bld">adinna</span>nti parapariggahitaṃ, yattha paro yathākāmakāritaṃ āpajjanto adaṇḍāraho anupavajjo ca hoti; tasmiṃ parapariggahite parapariggahitasaññino tadādāyakaupakkamasamuṭṭhāpikā theyyacetanā adinnādānaṃ. Taṃ hīne parassa santake appasāvajjaṃ, paṇīte mahāsāvajjaṃ. Kasmā? Vatthupaṇītatāya. Vatthusamatte sati guṇādhikānaṃ santake vatthusmiṃ mahāsāvajjaṃ, taṃ taṃ guṇādhikaṃ upādāya tato tato hīnaguṇassa santake vatthusmiṃ appasāvajjaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tassa pañca sambhārā honti – parapariggahitaṃ, parapariggahitasaññitā, theyyacittaṃ, upakkamo, tena haraṇanti. <span class="bld">Pahāyā</span>ti imaṃ adinnādānacetanāsaṅkhātaṃ dussīlyaṃ pajahitvā. <span class="bld">Paṭivirato</span>ti pahīnakālato paṭṭhāya tato dussīlyato orato viratova. Dinnameva ādiyatīti <span class="bld">dinnādāyī</span>. Cittenapi dinnameva paṭikaṅkhatīti <span class="bld">dinnapāṭikaṅkhī</span>. Thenetīti <a name="P2.0457"></a> theno, na thenena <span class="bld">athenena</span>. Athenattāyeva <span class="bld">sucibhūtena. Attanā</span>ti attabhāvena, athenaṃ sucibhūtaṃ attabhāvaṃ katvā viharatīti vuttaṃ hoti. Ito paraṃ vuttanayameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Mettāyanavasena <span class="bld">metti</span>. Mettākāro <span class="bld">mettāyanā</span>. Mettāya ayitassa mettāsamaṅgino cittassa bhāvo <span class="bld">mettāyitattaṃ</span>. Anudayatīti <span class="bld">anudayā,</span> rakkhatīti attho. Anudayākāro <span class="bld">anudayanā</span>. Anudayitassa bhāvo <span class="bld">anudayitattaṃ</span>. Hitassa esanavasena <span class="bld">hitesitā</span>. Anukampanavasena <span class="bld">anukampā</span>. Sabbehipi imehi padehi upacārappanāppattāva mettā vuttā. <span class="bld">Vipulenā</span>ti ettha pharaṇavasena vipulatā daṭṭhabbā. Bhūmivasena pana taṃ <span class="bld">mahaggataṃ</span>. Paguṇavasena <span class="bld">appamāṇaṃ</span>. Sattārammaṇavasena ca <span class="bld">appamāṇaṃ</span>. Byāpādapaccatthikappahānena <span class="bld">averaṃ</span>. Domanassappahānato <span class="bld">abyāpajjaṃ,</span> niddukkhanti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āvila</span>nti appasannaṃ. <span class="bld">Luḷita</span>nti kalalaṃ. <span class="bld">Erita</span>nti asanniṭṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Ghaṭṭita</span>nti ārammaṇena ghaṭṭanamāpāditaṃ. <span class="bld">Calita</span>nti kampamānaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhanta</span>nti vibbhantaṃ. <span class="bld">Avūpasanta</span>nti anibbutaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yo</span> <a name="M0.0406"></a> <span class="bld">so māro</span>ti evamādīsu mahājanaṃ anatthe niyojetvā māretīti <span class="bld">māro</span>. Kaṇhakammattā <span class="bld">kaṇho</span>. Kāmāvacarissarattā <span class="bld">adhipati</span>. Maraṇaṃ pāpanato <span class="bld">antagū</span>. Muñcituṃ appadānaṭṭhena <span class="bld">namuci</span>. Mārassa baḷisanti <span class="bld">mārabaḷisaṃ</span>. Vaṭṭasannissitaṭṭhena mārassa āmisanti <span class="bld">mārāmisaṃ</span>. Vasavattanaṭṭhena mārassa visayoti <span class="bld">māravisayo</span>. Gocaraṭṭhena mārassa nivāsoti <span class="bld">māranivāso</span><a name="V0.0375"></a>. Kāmacāraṃ caraṭṭhena mārassa gocaroti <span class="bld">māragocaro</span>. Duppamuñcanaṭṭhena mārassa bandhananti <span class="bld">mārabandhanaṃ. Dukkhuddayo</span>ti dukkhabandhano.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para203"></a><span class="paranum">203</span>. <span class="bld">Mūlampi tesaṃ palikhañña tiṭṭhe</span>ti tesaṃ kodhātimānānaṃ yaṃ avijjādikaṃ mūlaṃ, tampi palikhaṇitvā tiṭṭheyya. <span class="bld">Addhā bhavanto abhisambhaveyyā</span>ti etaṃ piyāpiyaṃ abhibhavanto ekaṃseneva abhibhaveyya, na tattha sithilaṃ parakkameyyāti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Avijjā mūla</span>ntiādayo <a name="P2.0458"></a> avijjā kodhassa upanissayasahajātādivasena mūlaṃ hoti. Anupāyamanasikāro ca asmimāno ca ime dve upanissayavaseneva. Ahirikaanottappauddhaccā ime tayo upanissayasahajātādivasena mūlāni honti, tathā atimānassāpi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para204"></a><span class="paranum">204</span>. <span class="bld">Paññaṃ purakkhatvā</span>ti paññaṃ pubbaṅgamaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Kalyāṇapītī</span>ti kalyāṇapītiyā samannāgato. <span class="bld">Caturo sahetha paridevadhamme</span>ti anantaragāthāya vuccamāne paridevanīyadhamme saheyya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vicayabahulo</span>ti parivīmaṃsanabahulo. <span class="bld">Pavicayabahulo</span>ti visesena vīmaṃsanabahulo. <span class="bld">Pekkhāyanabahulo</span>ti ikkhaṇabahulo. <span class="bld">Samekkhāyanabahulo</span>ti esanabahulo. <span class="bld">Vibhūtavihārī</span>ti pākaṭaṃ katvā ñātavihārī.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Abhikkante paṭikkante</span>ti ettha tāva abhikkantaṃ vuccati gamanaṃ. Paṭikkantaṃ nivattanaṃ. Tadubhayampi catūsu iriyāpathesu labbhati. Gamane tāva purato kāyaṃ abhiharanto abhikkamati nāma. Paṭinivattento paṭikkamati nāma. Ṭhānepi ṭhitakova kāyaṃ purato onamento abhikkamati nāma. Pacchato apanāmento paṭikkamati nāma. Nisajjāyapi nisinnakova āsanassa purimaaṅgābhimukho saṃsaranto abhikkamati nāma. Pacchimaaṅgappadesaṃ pacchā saṃsaranto paṭikkamati nāma. Nipajjāyapi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sampajānakārī</span> <a name="M0.0407"></a> <span class="bld">hotī</span>ti sampajaññena sabbakiccakārī, sampajaññameva vā kārī hoti. So hi abhikkantādīsu sampajaññaṃ karoteva, na katthaci sampajaññavirahito hoti. <span class="bld">Ālokite vilokite</span>ti ettha pana ālokitaṃ nāma purato pekkhanaṃ. Vilokitaṃ nāma anudisāpekkhanaṃ. Aññānipi heṭṭhā upari pacchato pekkhanavasena olokitaullokitaapalokitāni <a name="V0.0376"></a> nāma honti. Tāni idha na gahitāni. Sāruppavasena pana imāneva dve gahitāni, iminā vā mukhena sabbāni gahitānevāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samiñjite pasārite</span>ti pabbānaṃ samiñjanapasāraṇe. <span class="bld">Saṅghāṭipattacīvaradhāraṇe</span>ti ettha saṅghāṭicīvarānaṃ nivāsanapārupanavasena<a name="P2.0459"></a>, pattassa bhikkhāpaṭiggahaṇādivasena paribhogo dhāraṇaṃ nāma. <span class="bld">Asitā</span>dīsu <span class="bld">asite</span>ti piṇḍapātabhojane. <span class="bld">Pīte</span>ti yāguādipāne. <span class="bld">Khāyite</span>ti piṭṭhakhajjakādikhādane. <span class="bld">Sāyite</span>ti madhuphāṇitādisāyane. <span class="bld">Uccārapassāvakamme</span>ti uccārassa ca passāvassa ca karaṇe. <span class="bld">Gatā</span>dīsu <span class="bld">gate</span>ti gamane. <span class="bld">Ṭhite</span>ti ṭhāne. <span class="bld">Nisinne</span>ti nisajjāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sutte</span>ti sayane. <span class="bld">Jāgarite</span>ti jāgaraṇe. <span class="bld">Bhāsite</span>ti kathane. Tattha upādārūpassa saddāyatanassa appavatte sati bhāsitā nāma na hoti, tasmiṃ pavattante hotīti pariggāhako bhikkhu bhāsite sampajānakārī nāma hoti. Vimuttāyatanasīsena dhammaṃ desentopi bāttiṃsatiracchānakathaṃ pahāya dasakathāvatthunissitaṃ kathaṃ kathentopi bhāsite sampajānakārī nāma. <span class="bld">Tuṇhībhāve</span>ti akathane. Tattha upādārūpassa saddāyatanassa pavattiyaṃ tuṇhībhāvo nāma natthi, appavattiyaṃ hotīti pariggāhako bhikkhu tuṇhībhāve sampajānakārī nāma hoti. Aṭṭhatiṃsaārammaṇesu cittaruciyaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā nisinnopi dutiyajjhānaṃ samāpannopi tuṇhībhāve sampajānakārī nāma. Ettha ca eko iriyāpatho dvīsu ṭhānesu āgato. So heṭṭhā abhikkante paṭikkanteti ettha bhikkhācāragāmaṃ gacchato āgacchato ca addhānagamanavasena kathito. Gate ṭhiteti ettha vihāre cuṇṇikapāduddhāravasena kathitoti veditabbo. <span class="bld">Buddhānussativasenā</span>tiādayo heṭṭhā tattha tattha pakāsitā eva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aratī</span>ti <a name="M0.0408"></a> ratipaṭikkhepo. <span class="bld">Aratitā</span>ti aramanākāro. <span class="bld">Anabhiratī</span>ti anabhiratabhāvo. <span class="bld">Anabhiramanā</span>ti anabhiramanākāro. <span class="bld">Ukkaṇṭhitā</span>ti ukkaṇṭhanākāro. <span class="bld">Paritassitā</span>ti ukkaṇṭhanavaseneva paritassanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para205"></a><span class="paranum">205</span>. <span class="bld">Kiṃ sū asissa</span>nti kiṃ bhuñjissāmi. <span class="bld">Kuva vā asissa</span>nti kuhiṃ vā asissāmi. <span class="bld">Dukkhaṃ vata settha kuvajja sessa</span>nti imaṃ rattiṃ dukkhaṃ sayiṃ, ajja āgamanarattiṃ kattha sayissaṃ. <span class="bld">Ete vitakke</span>ti ete piṇḍapātanissite dve, senāsananissite dveti cattāro vitakke. <span class="bld">Aniketacārī</span>ti apalibodhacārī nittaṇhacārī.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Phalake</span> <a name="V0.0377"></a><a name="P2.0460"></a> <span class="bld">vā</span>ti vaṅkādiphalakapīṭhe ca. <span class="bld">Āgāmiratti</span>nti āgamanirattiyaṃ. <span class="bld">Ādevaneyye</span>ti visesena devaniyye. <span class="bld">Paridevaneyye</span>ti samantato devaniyye.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para206"></a><span class="paranum">206</span>. <span class="bld">Kāle</span>ti piṇḍapātakāle piṇḍapātasaṅkhātaṃ annaṃ vā, cīvarakāle cīvarasaṅkhātaṃ vasanaṃ vā laddhā dhammena samenāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Mattaṃ sa jaññā</span>ti pariggahe ca paribhoge ca so pamāṇaṃ jāneyya. <span class="bld">Idhā</span>ti sāsane, nipātamattameva vā etaṃ. <span class="bld">Tosanattha</span>nti santosatthaṃ, etadatthaṃ mattaṃ jāneyyāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">So tesu gutto</span>ti so bhikkhu tesu paccayesu gutto. <span class="bld">Yatacārī</span>ti saññatavihāro, rakkhitairiyāpatho rakkhitakāyavacīmanodvāro cāti vuttaṃ hoti. ‘‘Yaticārī’’tipi pāṭho, esoyevattho. <span class="bld">Rusito</span>ti rosito. Ghaṭṭitoti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dvīhi kāraṇehi mattaṃ jāneyyā</span>ti dvīhi bhāgehi pamāṇaṃ jāneyya. <span class="bld">Paṭiggahaṇato vā</span>ti parehi diyyamānaggahaṇakālato vā. <span class="bld">Paribhogato vā</span>ti paribhuñjanakālato vā. <span class="bld">Thokepi diyyamāne</span>ti appakepi diyyamāne. <span class="bld">Kulānudayāyā</span>ti kulānaṃ anudayatāya. <span class="bld">Kulānurakkhāyā</span>ti kulānaṃ anurakkhaṇatthāya. <span class="bld">Paṭiggaṇhātī</span>ti thokampi gaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Bahukepi diyyamāne</span>ti anappakepi diyyamāne. <span class="bld">Kāyaparihārikaṃ cīvaraṃ paṭiggaṇhātī</span>ti ettha kāyaṃ pariharati posetīti kāyaparihārikaṃ. <span class="bld">Kucchiparihārika</span>nti kucchiṃ pariharati posetīti kucchiparihārikaṃ. Itarītarapaccayasantosena samannāgatassa bhikkhuno aṭṭha parikkhārā vaṭṭanti tīṇi cīvarāni patto dantakaṭṭhacchedanavāsi ekā sūci kāyabandhanaṃ parissāvananti. Vuttampi cetaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Ticīvarañca <a name="M0.0409"></a> patto ca, vāsi sūci ca bandhanaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Parissāvanena aṭṭhete, yuttayogassa bhikkhuno’’ti. (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 1.215; ma. ni. aṭṭha. 1.294; 2.349; a. ni. aṭṭha. 2.4.198);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Te sabbe kāyaparihārikāpi honti kucchiparihārikāpi. Kathaṃ? Ticīvaraṃ tāva nivāsetvā ca pārupitvā ca vicaraṇakāle kāyaṃ <a name="P2.0461"></a> pariharati posetīti kāyaparihārikaṃ hoti. Cīvarakaṇṇena udakaṃ parissāvetvā pivanakāle khāditabbaphalāphalaggahaṇakāle ca kucchiṃ pariharati posetīti kucchiparihārikaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pattopi tena udakaṃ uddharitvā nhānakāle kuṭiparibhaṇḍakaraṇakāle ca kāyaparihāriko hoti<a name="V0.0378"></a>. Āhāraṃ gahetvā bhuñjanakāle kucchiparihāriko. Vāsipi tāya dantakaṭṭhacchedanakāle mañcapīṭhānaṃ aṅgapādacīvarakuṭidaṇḍakasajjanakāle ca kāyaparihārikā hoti. Ucchucchedananāḷikerāditacchanakāle kucchiparihārikā. Sūci cīvarasibbanakāle kāyaparihārikā hoti. Pūvaṃ vā phalaṃ vā vijjhitvā khādanakāle kucchiparihārikā. Kāyabandhanaṃ bandhitvā vicaraṇakāle kāyaparihārikaṃ. Ucchuādīni bandhitvā gahaṇakāle kucchiparihārikaṃ. Parissāvanaṃ tena udakaṃ parissāvetvā nhānakāle senāsanaparibhaṇḍakaraṇakāle ca kāyaparihārikaṃ, pānīyapāṇakaparissāvanakāle teneva tilataṇḍulaputhukādīni gahetvā khādanakāle ca kucchiparihārikaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭisaṅkhāyoniso</span>ti upāyena pathena paṭisaṅkhāya ñatvā, paccavekkhitvāti attho. Ettha ca ‘‘sītassa paṭighātāyā’’tiādinā nayena vuttapaccavekkhaṇameva yoniso paṭisaṅkhāti veditabbaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">cīvara</span>nti antaravāsakādīsu yaṃkiñci. <span class="bld">Paṭisevatī</span>ti paribhuñjati nivāseti vā pārupati vā. <span class="bld">Yāvadevā</span>ti payojanāvadhiparicchedaniyamavacanaṃ. Ettakameva hi yogino cīvarapaṭisevane payojanaṃ, yadidaṃ sītassa paṭighātāyātiādi, na ito bhiyyo. <span class="bld">Sītassā</span>ti ajjhattadhātukkhobhavasena vā bahiddhā utupariṇāmanavasena vā uppannassa yassa kassaci sītassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭighātāyā</span>ti paṭihananatthaṃ. Yathā sarīre ābādhaṃ na uppādeti, evaṃ tassa vinodanatthaṃ. Sītabbhāhate hi sarīre vikkhittacitto yoniso padahituṃ na sakkoti. Tasmā sītassa paṭighātāya cīvaraṃ sevitabbanti <a name="M0.0410"></a> bhagavā anuññāsi. Esa nayo sabbattha. Kevalañhettha <span class="bld">uṇhassā</span>ti aggisantāpassa, tassa vanadāhādīsu sambhavo veditabbo. <span class="bld">Ḍaṃsamakasavātātapasarīsapasamphassāna</span>nti ettha pana <span class="bld">ḍaṃsā</span>ti ḍaṃsanamakkhikā. ‘‘Andhamakkhikā’’tipi vuccanti. <span class="bld">Makasā</span>ti makasā eva. <span class="bld">Vātā</span>ti sarajaarajādibhedā<a name="P2.0462"></a>. <span class="bld">Ātapo</span>ti sūriyātapo. <span class="bld">Sarīsapā</span>ti ye keci sarantā gacchanti dīghajātikā sappādayo, tesaṃ daṭṭhasamphasso ca phuṭṭhasamphasso cāti duvidho samphasso; sopi cīvaraṃ pārupitvā nisinnaṃ na bādhati. Tasmā tādisesu ṭhānesu tesaṃ paṭighātatthāya paṭisevati. <span class="bld">Yāvadevā</span>ti puna etassa vacanaṃ niyatapayojanāvadhiparicchedadassanatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Hirikopīnapaṭicchādanattha</span>nti niyatapayojanaṃ, itarāni kadāci honti. Tattha <span class="bld">hirikopīna</span>nti taṃ taṃ sambādhaṭṭhānaṃ. Yasmiṃ yasmiñhi aṅge vivariyamāne hirī kuppati vinassati, taṃ taṃ hiriṃ kopanato hirikopīnanti vuccati. Tassa ca hirikopīnassa paṭicchādanatthanti hirikopīnapaṭicchādanatthaṃ. ‘‘Hirikopīnaṃ paṭicchādanattha’’ntipi pāṭho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Piṇḍapāta</span>nti <a name="V0.0379"></a> yaṃkiñci āhāraṃ. Yo hi koci āhāro bhikkhuno piṇḍolyena patte patitattā ‘‘piṇḍapāto’’ti vuccati. Piṇḍānaṃ vā pāto piṇḍapāto, tattha tattha laddhānaṃ bhikkhānaṃ sannipāto, samūhoti vuttaṃ hoti. Sesaṃ heṭṭhā vuttanayameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Senāsana</span>nti sayanañca āsanañca. Yattha yattha hi seti vihāre vā aḍḍhayogādimhi vā, taṃ senaṃ. Yattha yattha āsati nisīdati, taṃ āsanaṃ, taṃ ekato katvā ‘‘senāsana’’nti vuccati. <span class="bld">Utuparissayavinodanapaṭisallānārāmattha</span>nti parisahanaṭṭhena utuyeva utuparissayo. Utuparissayassa vinodanatthañca paṭisallānārāmatthañca. Yo sarīrābādhacittavikkhepakaro asappāyo utu senāsanapaṭisevanena vinodetabbo hoti, tassa vinodanatthaṃ ekībhāvasukhatthañcāti vuttaṃ hoti. Kāmañca sītapaṭighātādināva utuparissayavinodanaṃ vuttameva. Yathā pana cīvarapaṭisevane ‘‘hirikopīnapaṭicchādanaṃ niyatapayojanaṃ, itarāni kadāci kadāci bhavantī’’ti vuttaṃ, evamidhāpi niyatautuparissayavinodanaṃ sandhāya idaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Atha vā ayaṃ vuttappakāro utu utuyeva. Parissayo pana duvidho pākaṭaparissayo ca paṭicchannaparissayo ca. Tattha <a name="M0.0411"></a> <span class="bld">pākaṭaparissayo</span> sīhabyagghādayo, <span class="bld">paṭicchannaparissayo</span> rāgadosādayo. Te yattha apariguttiyā ca asappāyarūpadassanādinā ca ābādhaṃ na karonti, taṃ senāsanaṃ evaṃ jānitvā paccavekkhitvā paṭisevanto <a name="P2.0463"></a> bhikkhu paṭisaṅkhā yoniso senāsanaṃ utuparissayavinodanatthaṃ paṭisevatīti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gilānapaccayabhesajjaparikkhāra</span>nti ettha rogassa paṭiayanaṭṭhena paccayo, paccanīkagamanaṭṭhenāti attho. Yassa kassaci sappāyassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Bhisakkassa kammaṃ tena anuññātattāti bhesajjaṃ. Gilānapaccayova bhesajjaṃ gilānapaccayabhesajjaṃ, yaṃ kiñci gilānassa sappāyaṃ bhisakkakammaṃ telamadhuphāṇitādīti vuttaṃ hoti. Parikkhāroti pana ‘‘sattahi nagaraparikkhārehi suparikkhattaṃ hotī’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 7.67) parivāro vuccati. ‘‘Ratho sīlaparikkhāro, jhānakkho cakkavīriyo’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 5.4) alaṅkāro. ‘‘Ye ca kho ime pabbajitena jīvitaparikkhārā samudānetabbā’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.191-192) sambhāro. Idha pana sambhāropi parivāropi vaṭṭati. Tañca gilānapaccayabhesajjaṃ jīvitassa parivāropi hoti, jīvitanāsakābādhuppattiyā antaraṃ adatvā rakkhaṇato sambhāropi. Yathāciraṃ pavattati, evamassa kāraṇabhāvato; tasmā ‘‘parikkhāro’’ti vuccati. Evaṃ gilānapaccayabhesajjañca taṃ parikkhāro cāti gilānapaccayabhesajjaparikkhāro, taṃ <a name="V0.0380"></a> gilānapaccayabhesajjaparikkhāraṃ. Gilānassa yaṃ kiñci sappāyaṃ bhisakkānuññātaṃ telamadhuphāṇitādijīvitaparikkhāranti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uppannāna</span>nti jātānaṃ bhūtānaṃ nibbattānaṃ. <span class="bld">Veyyābādhikāna</span>nti ettha byābādhoti dhātukkhobho taṃsamuṭṭhānā ca kuṭṭhagaṇḍapīḷakādayo, byābādhato uppannattā veyyābādhikā. <span class="bld">Vedanāna</span>nti dukkhavedanā, akusalavipākavedanā, tāsaṃ veyyābādhikānaṃ vedanānaṃ. <span class="bld">Abyābajjhaparamatāyā</span>ti niddukkhaparamatāya. Yāva taṃ dukkhaṃ sabbaṃ pahīnaṃ hoti, tāvāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Santuṭṭho hotī</span>ti paccayasantosena santuṭṭho hoti. <span class="bld">Itarītarena cīvarenā</span>ti thūlasukhumalūkhapaṇītathirajiṇṇānaṃ yena kenaci. Atha kho yathāladdhādīnaṃ itarītarena yena kenaci santuṭṭho hotīti <a name="M0.0412"></a> attho. Cīvarasmiñhi tayo <a name="P2.0464"></a> santosā yathālābhasantoso yathābalasantoso yathāsāruppasantosoti. Piṇḍapātādīsupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vaṇṇavādī</span>ti eko santuṭṭho hoti, santosassa vaṇṇaṃ na katheti, eko na santuṭṭho hoti, santosassa vaṇṇaṃ katheti, eko neva santuṭṭho hoti, na santosassa vaṇṇaṃ katheti, eko santuṭṭho ca hoti, santosassa vaṇṇaṃ katheti, taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘itarītaracīvarasantuṭṭhiyā ca vaṇṇavādī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Anesana</span>nti dūteyyapahīnagamanānuyogappabhedaṃ nānappakāraṃ anesanaṃ. <span class="bld">Appatirūpa</span>nti ayuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Aladdhā cā</span>ti alabhitvā. Yathā ekacco ‘‘kathaṃ nu kho cīvaraṃ labhissāmī’’ti puññavantehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ ekato hutvā kohaññaṃ karonto uttassati paritassati, santuṭṭho bhikkhu evaṃ <span class="bld">aladdhā ca cīvaraṃ na paritassati. Laddhā cā</span>ti dhammena samena labhitvā. <span class="bld">Agadhito</span>ti vigatalobhavanto. <span class="bld">Amucchito</span>ti adhimattataṇhāya mucchaṃ anāpanno. <span class="bld">Anajjhāpanno</span>ti taṇhāya anotthaṭo apariyonaddho. <span class="bld">Ādīnavadassāvī</span>ti anesanāpattiyañca gadhitaparibhoge ca ādīnavaṃ passamāno. <span class="bld">Nissaraṇapañño</span>ti ‘‘yāvadeva sītassa paṭighātāyā’’ti (ma. ni. 1.23) vuttaṃ nissaraṇaṃ eva pajānanto. <span class="bld">Itarītaracīvarasantuṭṭhiyā</span>ti yena kenaci cīvarena santuṭṭhiyā. <span class="bld">Nevattānukkaṃsetī</span>ti ‘‘ahaṃ paṃsukūliko, mayā upasampadamāḷeyeva paṃsukūlikaṅgaṃ gahitaṃ, ko mayā sadiso atthī’’ti attukkaṃsanaṃ na karoti. <span class="bld">Na paraṃ vambhetī</span>ti ‘‘ime panaññe bhikkhū na paṃsukūlikā’’ti vā ‘‘paṃsukūlikamattampi etesaṃ natthī’’ti vā evaṃ paraṃ na vambheti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yo</span> <a name="V0.0381"></a> <span class="bld">hi tattha dakkho</span>ti yo tasmiṃ cīvarasantose vaṇṇavādī, tāsu vā dakkho cheko byatto. <span class="bld">Analaso</span>ti sātaccakiriyāya ālasiyavirahito. <span class="bld">Sampajāno paṭissato</span>ti sampajānapaññāya ceva satiyā ca yutto. <span class="bld">Porāṇe</span>ti na adhunuppattike. <span class="bld">Aggaññe</span>ti ‘‘aggo’’ti jānitabbe. <span class="bld">Ariyavaṃse ṭhito</span>ti ariyānaṃ vaṃse patiṭṭhito. Ariyavaṃsoti ca yathā hi khattiyavaṃso brāhmaṇavaṃso vessavaṃso suddavaṃso <a name="M0.0413"></a> samaṇavaṃso kulavaṃso rājavaṃso, evaṃ ayampi aṭṭhamo ariyavaṃso ariyatanti ariyapaveṇī nāma hoti. So kho panāyaṃ ariyavaṃso imesaṃ vaṃsānaṃ mūlagandhādīnaṃ kāḷānusārigandhādayo viya aggamakkhāyati. Ke pana te ariyā yesaṃ eso vaṃsoti? Ariyā vuccanti buddhā ca paccekabuddhā ca tathāgatasāvakā ca, etesaṃ ariyānaṃ vaṃsoti ariyavaṃso. Ito pubbe hi satasahassakappādikānaṃ catunnaṃ asaṅkhyeyyānaṃ <a name="P2.0465"></a> matthake taṇhaṅkaro meṅkero saraṇaṅkaro dīpaṅkaroti cattāro buddhā uppannā, te ariyā, tesaṃ ariyānaṃ vaṃsoti ariyavaṃso. Tesaṃ buddhānaṃ parinibbānato aparabhāge ekaṃ asaṅkhyeyyaṃ atikkamitvā koṇḍañño nāma buddho uppanno…pe… imasmiṃ kappe kakusandho koṇāgamano kassapo amhākaṃ bhagavā gotamoti cattāro buddhā uppannā, tesaṃ ariyānaṃ vaṃsoti ariyavaṃso. Api ca atītānāgatapaccuppannānaṃ sabbabuddhapaccekabuddhasāvakānaṃ ariyānaṃ vaṃsoti ariyavaṃso, tasmiṃ ariyavaṃse patiṭṭhito.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Itarītarena piṇḍapātenā</span>ti yena kenaci piṇḍapātena. <span class="bld">Senāsanā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Āyatanesū</span>ti cakkhādīsu āyatanesu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yato</span>ti saññato. <span class="bld">Yatto</span>ti yattavā. <span class="bld">Paṭiyatto</span>ti ativiya yattavā. <span class="bld">Gutto</span>ti rakkhito. <span class="bld">Gopito</span>ti mañjūsāya viya paṭṭhapito. <span class="bld">Rakkhito</span>ti paṭisāmito. <span class="bld">Saṃvuto</span>ti dvārasaṃvaraṇena pihito. <span class="bld">Khuṃsito</span>ti garahito. <span class="bld">Vambhito</span>ti apasādito. <span class="bld">Ghaṭṭito</span>ti ghaṭṭanamāpādito. <span class="bld">Garahito</span>ti avamaññito. <span class="bld">Upavadito</span>ti akkosito.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pharusenā</span>ti mammacchedanavacanena. <span class="bld">Kakkhaḷenā</span>ti dāruṇena. <span class="bld">Nappaṭivajjā</span>ti paṭippharitvā na katheyya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para207"></a><span class="paranum">207</span>. <span class="bld">Jhānānuyutto</span>ti anuppannuppādanena uppannasevanena ca jhānena anuyutto. <span class="bld">Upekkhamārabbha samāhitatto</span>ti catutthajjhānupekkhaṃ uppādetvā samāhitacitto. <span class="bld">Takkāsayaṃ kukkuccañcupacchinde</span>ti <a name="V0.0382"></a> kāmavitakkādivitakkañca kāmasaññādikaṃ vitakkassa āsayañca hatthakukkuccādikukkuccañca upacchindeyya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anuppannassa</span> <a name="M0.0414"></a> <span class="bld">vā paṭhamassa jhānassa uppādāyā</span>ti tasmiṃ attabhāve anuppannassa vā uppajjitvā parihīnassa vā paṭhamajjhānassa uppādanatthaṃ attano santāne paṭilābhatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Uppannaṃ vā paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ āsevatī</span>tiādīsu ettha ādarena sevati paguṇaṃ karoti <span class="bld">bhāveti</span> vaḍḍheti <span class="bld">bahulīkaroti</span> punappunaṃ karoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upekkhā</span>ti <a name="P2.0466"></a> catutthajjhāne uppannā tatramajjhattupekkhā. <span class="bld">Upekkhā</span>ti sabhāvapadaṃ. <span class="bld">Upekkhanā</span>ti upapattito ikkhanākāro. <span class="bld">Ajjhupekkhanā</span>ti adhikā hutvā ikkhanā. <span class="bld">Cittasamatā</span>ti cittassa samatā cittassa ūnātirittataṃ vajjetvā samabhāvo. <span class="bld">Cittappassaddhatā</span>ti cittassa appagabbhatā, athaddhabhāvoti attho. <span class="bld">Majjhattatā cittassā</span>ti na sattassa na posassa, cittassa majjhattabhāvoti attho. <span class="bld">Catutthe jhāne upekkhaṃ ārabbhā</span>ti catutthasmiṃ jhānasmiṃ uppannaṃ tatramajjhattupekkhaṃ paṭicca. <span class="bld">Ekaggacitto</span>ti ekārammaṇe pavattacitto. <span class="bld">Avikkhittacitto</span>ti uddhaccavirahito na vikkhittacitto.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nava vitakkā vuttanayā eva. <span class="bld">Kāmavitakkānaṃ kāmasaññāsayo</span>ti kāmavitakkaṃ vitakkentassa uppannā kāmasaññā tesaṃ vitakkānaṃ āsayo vasanokāsoti kāmasaññāsayo. <span class="bld">Byāpādavitakkā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para208"></a><span class="paranum">208</span>. <span class="bld">Cudito vacībhi satimābhinande</span>ti upajjhāyādīhi vācāhi codito samāno satimā hutvā taṃ codanaṃ abhinandeyya. <span class="bld">Vācaṃ pamuñce kusala</span>nti ñāṇasamuṭṭhitaṃ vācaṃ pamuñceyya. <span class="bld">Nātivela</span>nti ativelaṃ pana vācaṃ kālavelañca sīlavelañca atikkantaṃ nappamuñceyya. <span class="bld">Janavādadhammāyā</span>ti janaparivādakathāya. <span class="bld">Na cetayeyyā</span>ti cetanaṃ na uppādeyya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Idaṃ te appatta</span>nti idaṃ tava na pattaṃ. <span class="bld">Asāruppa</span>nti tava payogaṃ asāruppaṃ. <span class="bld">Asīlaṭṭha</span>nti tava payogaṃ na sīle patiṭṭhanti asīlaṭṭhaṃ, sīle ṭhitassa payogaṃ na hotīti vuttaṃ hoti. Keci ‘‘asiliṭṭha’’nti paṭhanti, amaṭṭhavacananti atthaṃ vaṇṇayanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nidhīna</span>nti tattha tattha nidahitvā ṭhapitānaṃ hiraññasuvaṇṇādipūrānaṃ nidhikumbhīnaṃ. <span class="bld">Pavattāra</span>nti <a name="V0.0383"></a> kicchajīvike <a name="P2.0467"></a> duggatamanusse anukampaṃ katvā ‘‘ehi sukhena te <a name="M0.0415"></a> jīvanupāyaṃ dassessāmī’’ti nidhiṭṭhānaṃ netvā hatthaṃ pasāretvā ‘‘imaṃ gahetvā sukhaṃ jīvā’’ti ācikkhitāraṃ viya. <span class="bld">Vajjadassina</span>nti dve vajjadassino ‘‘iminā naṃ asāruppena vā khalitena vā saṅghamajjhe niggaṇhissāmī’’ti randhagavesako ca aññātaṃ ñāpanatthāya ñātaṃ anuggaṇhatthāya sīlādinā cassa vuddhikāmatāya taṃ taṃ vajjaṃ olokanena ullapanasabhāvasaṇṭhito ca. Ayaṃ idha adhippeto. Yathā hi duggatamanusso ‘‘imaṃ gaṇhāhī’’ti tajjetvā poṭṭhetvāpi nidhiṃ dassente kopaṃ na karoti, pamuditova hoti, evameva evarūpe puggale asāruppaṃ vā khalitaṃ vā disvā ācikkhante kopo na kātabbo, tuṭṭheneva bhavitabbaṃ. ‘‘Bhante mahantaṃ vo kataṃ kammaṃ, mayhaṃ ācariyupajjhāyaṭṭhāne ṭhatvā ovadantehi punapi maṃ vadeyyāthā’’ti pavāretabbameva. <span class="bld">Niggayhavādi</span>nti ekacco hi saddhivihārikādīnaṃ asāruppaṃ vā khalitaṃ vā disvā ‘‘ayaṃ me mukhodakadānādīhi sakkaccaṃ upaṭṭhahati, sace naṃ vakkhāmi, na maṃ upaṭṭhahissati, evaṃ mama parihāni bhavissatī’’ti vattuṃ avisahanto na niggayhavādī nāma hoti, so imasmiṃ sāsane kacavaraṃ ākirati. Yo pana tathārūpaṃ vajjaṃ disvā vajjānurūpaṃ tajjetvā paṇāmento daṇḍakammaṃ karonto vihārā nīharanto sikkhāpeti, ayaṃ niggayhavādī nāma seyyathāpi sammāsambuddho. Vuttañhetaṃ – ‘‘niggayha niggayhāhaṃ, ānanda, vakkhāmi, pavayha pavayhāhaṃ, ānanda, vakkhāmi, yo sāro so ṭhassatī’’ti (ma. ni. 3.196). <span class="bld">Medhāvi</span>nti dhammojapaññāya samannāgataṃ. <span class="bld">Tādisa</span>nti evarūpaṃ paṇḍitaṃ bhajeyya payirupāseyya. Tādisañhi ācariyaṃ bhajamānassa antevāsikassa seyyova hoti, na pāpiyo, vuḍḍhiyeva hoti, no parihānīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ovadeyyā</span>ti uppanne vatthusmiṃ vadanto ovadati nāma, anuppanne ‘‘ayasopi te siyā’’tiādivasena anāgataṃ dassento anusāsati nāma. Sammukhā vadantopi ovadati nāma, parammukhā <a name="P2.0468"></a> dūtaṃ vā sāsanaṃ vā pesento anusāsati nāma. Sakiṃ vadantopi ovadati nāma, punappunaṃ vadanto anusāsati nāma. Ovadanto eva vā anusāsati nāmāti evaṃ ovadeyya anusāseyya. <span class="bld">Asabbhā</span>ti akusaladhammā nivāreyya, kusaladhamme patiṭṭhapeyyāti attho. <span class="bld">Satañhi so piyo hotī</span>ti so evarūpo puggalo buddhādīnaṃ sappurisānaṃ piyo hoti. Ye <a name="M0.0416"></a> pana adiṭṭhadhammā avitiṇṇaparalokā āmisacakkhukā jīvikatthāya pabbajitā, tesaṃ asataṃ so ovādako anusāsako ‘‘na tvaṃ amhākaṃ upajjhāyo, na ācariyo, kasmā amhākaṃ ovadasī’’ti evaṃ mukhasattīhi vijjhantānaṃ appiyo hotīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekakamma</span>nti <a name="V0.0384"></a> apalokanakammādikaṃ ekakammaṃ. <span class="bld">Ekuddeso</span>ti nidānuddesādiko ekuddeso. <span class="bld">Samasikkhatā</span>ti samānasikkhatā. <span class="bld">Āhatacittata</span>nti kodhena pahatacittabhāvaṃ. <span class="bld">Khilajātata</span>nti thaddhabhāvaṃ. <span class="bld">Pañcapi cetokhile</span>ti buddhadhammasaṅghasikkhāsabrahmacārīsu pañcasupi cittassa thaddhabhāve.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ñāṇasamuṭṭhitaṃ vāca</span>nti ñāṇasampayuttacittena uppāditaṃ vākyaṃ. <span class="bld">Muñceyyā</span>ti vissajjeyya. <span class="bld">Atthūpasaṃhita</span>nti atthasahitaṃ kāraṇasahitaṃ. <span class="bld">Dhammūpasaṃhita</span>nti dhammena yuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Kālātikkantaṃ vācaṃ na bhāseyyā</span>ti kālātītaṃ vācaṃ na katheyya tassa kālassa atikkantattā. <span class="bld">Velātikkanta</span>nti mariyādātītaṃ vacanaṃ na bhaṇeyya vacanamariyādassa atikkantattā. Ubhayavasena kālavelā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yo ve kāle asampatte</span>ti attano vacanakāle asampatte. <span class="bld">Ativela</span>nti velātikkantaṃ katvā atirekappamāṇaṃ bhāsati. <span class="bld">Nihato setī</span>ti nigghātito sayati. <span class="bld">Kokilāyeva atrajo</span>ti kākiyā paṭijaggito kokilāya abbhantare jāto kokilapotako viya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para209"></a><span class="paranum">209</span>. <span class="bld">Athāpara</span>nti atha idāni ito parampi. <span class="bld">Pañca rajānī</span>ti rūparāgādīni pañca rajāni. <span class="bld">Yesaṃ satīmā vinayāya sikkhe</span>ti yesaṃ upaṭṭhitassati hutvāva vinayanatthaṃ tisso sikkhā sikkheyya. Evaṃ sikkhanto hi <span class="bld">rūpesu…pe… phassesu sahetha rāgaṃ,</span> na aññeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rūparajo</span>ti <a name="P2.0469"></a> rūpārammaṇaṃ paṭicca uppanno rāgādirajo. <span class="bld">Saddarajā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para210"></a><span class="paranum">210</span>. Tato so tesaṃ vinayāya sikkhanto anukkamena – <span class="bld">etesu dhammesū</span>ti gāthā. Tattha <span class="bld">etesū</span>ti rūpādīsu. <span class="bld">Kālena so sammā dhammaṃ parivīmaṃsamāno</span>ti so bhikkhu yvāyaṃ ‘‘uddhate citte samathassa <a name="M0.0417"></a> kālo’’tiādinā (saṃ. ni. 5.234) nayena kālo vutto, tena kālena sabbaṃ saṅkhatadhammaṃ aniccādinayena parivīmaṃsamāno. <span class="bld">Ekodibhūto vihane tamaṃ so</span>ti so ekaggacitto sabbaṃ mohāditamaṃ vihaneyya, natthi ettha saṃsayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uddhate citte</span>ti vīriyindriyavasena citte avūpasante. Balavavīriyañhi mandasamādhiṃ vīriyassa uddhaccapakkhattā uddhaccaṃ abhibhavati. Evaṃ uddhate citte. <span class="bld">Samathassa kālo</span>ti samādhissa bhāvanāya kālo. <span class="bld">Samāhite citte</span>ti upacārappanāhi citte samāhite. Balavasamādhi hi mandavīriyaṃ samādhissa kosajjapakkhattā kosajjaṃ abhibhavati. Samādhi vīriyena saññojito kosajje patituṃ na labhati. Vīriyaṃ samādhinā saññojitaṃ uddhacce patituṃ na labhati<a name="V0.0385"></a>. Tasmā tadubhayaṃ samaṃ kātabbaṃ. Ubhayasamatāya hi appanā hoti. <span class="bld">Vipassanāya kālo</span>ti evaṃ samāhite aniccādivasena vividhāya passanāya kālo, samādhikammikassa balavatīpi saddhā vaṭṭati. Evaṃ saddahanto okappento appanaṃ pāpuṇāti. Samādhipaññāsu pana samādhikammikassa balavatī ekaggatā vaṭṭati. Evañhi so appanaṃ pāpuṇāti. Vipassanākammikassa pana paññā balavatī vaṭṭati. Evañhi so lakkhaṇappaṭivedhaṃ pāpuṇāti. Ubhinnaṃ pana samattepi appanā hoti eva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāle paggaṇhati citta</span>nti yasmiṃ samaye atisithilavīriyatādīhi līnaṃ cittaṃ hoti, tasmiṃ samaye dhammavicayavīriyapītisambojjhaṅgasamuṭṭhāpanena taṃ cittaṃ paggaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Niggaṇhatī</span>ti yasmiṃ samaye accāraddhavīriyatādīhi uddhataṃ cittaṃ hoti, tasmiṃ samaye passaddhisamādhiupekkhāsambojjhaṅgasamuṭṭhāpanena taṃ cittaṃ niggaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Sampahaṃsati kālenā</span>ti yasmiṃ samaye cittaṃ paññāpayogamandatāya vā upasamasukhānaṃ vigamena vā nirassādaṃ hoti<a name="P2.0470"></a>, tasmiṃ samaye aṭṭhasaṃvegavatthupaccavekkhaṇena saṃvejeti. Aṭṭha saṃvegavatthūni nāma – jātijarābyādhimaraṇāni cattāri, apāyadukkhaṃ pañcamaṃ, atīte vaṭṭamūlakaṃ dukkhaṃ anāgate vaṭṭamūlakaṃ dukkhaṃ, paccuppanne āhārapariyeṭṭhimūlakaṃ dukkhanti. Ratanattayaguṇānussaraṇenāssa pasādaṃ janeti. Ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘sampahaṃsati kālenā’’ti. <span class="bld">Kāle cittaṃ samādahe</span>ti yasmiṃ samaye <a name="M0.0418"></a> saddhāpaññānaṃ samādhivīriyānañca samabhāvo, tasmiṃ kāle cittaṃ samādaheyya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ajjhupekkhati kālenā</span>ti yasmiṃ samaye sammā paṭipattiṃ āgamma alīnaṃ anuddhataṃ anirassādaṃ ārammaṇe samappavattaṃ samathavīthipaṭipannaṃ cittaṃ hoti, tadāssa paggahaniggahasampahaṃsanesu na byāpāraṃ āpajjati sārathi viya samappavattesu assesu. Ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘ajjhupekkhati kālenā’’ti. <span class="bld">So yogī kālakovido</span>ti eso vuttappakāro kammaṭṭhānayoge niyutto paggahaniggahasampahaṃsanasamādahanaajjhupekkhanakālesu cheko byatto. <span class="bld">Kimhi kālamhī</span>tiādinā paggahādikālaṃ pucchati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni paggahādikālaṃ vissajjento <span class="bld">‘‘līne cittamhī’’</span>tiādimāha. Atisithilavīriyatādīhi citte līnabhāvaṃ gate dhammavicayavīriyapītisambojjhaṅgasamuṭṭhāpanena paggaho. <span class="bld">Uddhatasmiṃ viniggaho</span>ti accāraddhavīriyatādīhi uddhate citte passaddhisamādhiupekkhāsambojjhaṅgasamuṭṭhāpanena niggaho. <span class="bld">Nirassādagataṃ cittaṃ, sampahaṃseyya tāvade</span>ti paññāpayogamandatāya vā upasamasukhānaṃ <a name="V0.0386"></a> vigamena vā assādavirahitaṃ gataṃ aṭṭhasaṃvegavatthupaccavekkhaṇena vā ratanattayaguṇānussaraṇena vā tasmiṃ khaṇe cittaṃ sampahaṃseyya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sampahaṭṭhaṃ yadā citta</span>nti yasmiṃ kāle vuttanayeneva sampahaṃsitaṃ cittaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Alīnaṃ bhavati nuddhata</span>nti vīriyasamādhīhi saññojitattā līnuddhaccavirahitañca hoti. <span class="bld">Samathanimittassā</span>ti samatho ca nimittañca samathanimittaṃ, tassa samathanimittassa. <span class="bld">So kālo</span>ti yo so līnuddhaccavirahitakālo vutto, so kālo. <span class="bld">Ajjhattaṃ ramaye mano</span>ti jhānasampayuttaṃ cittaṃ kasiṇādigocarajjhatte toseyya abhiramāpeyya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Etena</span> <a name="P2.0471"></a> <span class="bld">mevupāyenā</span>ti etena vuttaupāyena eva. <span class="bld">Ma</span>-kāro padasandhivasena vutto. <span class="bld">Ajjhupekkheyya tāvade</span>ti yadā upacārappanāhi taṃ cittaṃ samāhitaṃ, tadā ‘‘samāhitaṃ citta’’nti jānitvā paggahaniggahasampahaṃsanesu byāpāraṃ akatvā tasmiṃ khaṇe ajjhupekkhanameva kareyya.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni <a name="M0.0419"></a> ‘‘kimhi kālamhi paggāho’’ti puṭṭhagāthaṃ nigamento <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ kālavidū dhīro’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Kālena kālaṃ cittassa, nimittamupalakkhaye</span>ti kālānukālaṃ samādhisampayuttacittassa ārammaṇaṃ sallakkheyya, upaparikkheyyāti attho. Sesaṃ sabbattha pākaṭameva. Evaṃ arahattanikūṭena desanaṃ niṭṭhāpesīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Saddhammappajjotikāya mahāniddesaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Sāriputtasuttaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Aṭṭhakavaggavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Saddhammappajjotikā nāma mahāniddesa-aṭṭhakathā niṭṭhitā.</p>
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