iapt-platform
/
mint
kopia lustrzana https://github.com/iapt-platform/mint.git


			
				
					
						
						
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<p class="centered"> Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa</p>
<p class="nikaya">Dīghanikāye</p>
<p class="book"><a name="dn2"></a>Mahāvaggaṭṭhakathā</p>
<p class="chapter"><a name="dn2_1"></a>1. Mahāpadānasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">Pubbenivāsapaṭisaṃyuttakathā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para1"></a><a name="para1_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">1</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="P2.0407"></a><a name="V2.0001"></a><a name="M2.0001"></a> <span class="bld">me sutaṃ…pe… karerikuṭikāya</span>nti mahāpadānasuttaṃ. Tatrāyaṃ apubbapadavaṇṇanā – <span class="bld">karerikuṭikāya</span>nti karerīti varuṇarukkhassa nāmaṃ, karerimaṇḍapo tassā kuṭikāya dvāre ṭhito, tasmā ‘‘karerikuṭikā’’ti vuccati, yathā kosambarukkhassa dvāre ṭhitattā ‘‘kosambakuṭikā’’ti. Antojetavane kira karerikuṭi kosambakuṭi gandhakuṭi salaḷāgāranti cattāri mahāgehāni, ekekaṃ satasahassapariccāgena nipphannaṃ. Tesu salaḷāgāraṃ raññā pasenadinā kāritaṃ, sesāni anāthapiṇḍikena kāritāni. Iti bhagavā anāthapiṇḍikena gahapatinā thambhānaṃ upari kāritāya devavimānakappāya karerikuṭikāyaṃ viharati<a name="V2.0002"></a>. <span class="bld">Pacchābhatta</span>nti ekāsanikakhalupacchābhattikānaṃ pātova bhuttānaṃ antomajjhanhikepi pacchābhattameva. Idha pana pakatibhattassa pacchato ‘‘pacchābhatta’’nti adhippetaṃ. <span class="bld">Piṇḍapātapaṭikkantāna</span>nti piṇḍapātato paṭikkantānaṃ, bhattakiccaṃ niṭṭhapetvā uṭṭhitānanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Karerimaṇḍalamāḷe</span>ti tasseva karerimaṇḍapassa avidūre katāya nisīdanasālāya. So kira karerimaṇḍapo gandhakuṭikāya ca sālāya ca <a name="M2.0002"></a> antare hoti, tasmā gandhakuṭīpi karerikuṭikāpi sālāpi – ‘‘karerimaṇḍalamāḷo’’ti vuccati. <span class="bld">Pubbenivāsapaṭisaṃyuttā</span>ti ‘‘ekampi jātiṃ, dvepi jātiyo’’ti evaṃ vibhattena pubbenivutthakkhandhasantānasaṅkhātena pubbenivāsena saddhiṃ yojetvā pavattitā. <span class="bld">Dhammī</span>ti dhammasaṃyuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Udapādī</span>ti aho acchariyaṃ dasabalassa pubbenivāsañāṇaṃ<a name="P2.0408"></a>, <span class="bld">pubbenivāsaṃ</span> nāma ke anussaranti, ke nānussarantīti. Titthiyā anussaranti, sāvakā ca paccekabuddhā ca buddhā ca anussaranti. Kataratitthiyā anussaranti? Ye aggappattakammavādino, tepi cattālīsaṃyeva kappe anussaranti, na tato paraṃ. Sāvakā kappasatasahassaṃ anussaranti. Dve aggasāvakā asaṅkhyeyyañceva kappasatasahassañca. Paccekabuddhā dve asaṅkhyeyyāni kappasatasahassañca. Buddhānaṃ pana ettakanti paricchedo natthi, yāvatakaṃ ākaṅkhanti, tāvatakaṃ anussaranti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Titthiyā khandhapaṭipāṭiyā anussaranti, paṭipāṭiṃ muñcitvā na sakkonti. Paṭipāṭiyā anussarantāpi asaññabhavaṃ patvā khandhappavattiṃ na passanti, jāle patitā kuṇṭhā viya, kūpe patitā paṅguḷā viya ca honti. Te tattha ṭhatvā ‘‘ettakameva, ito paraṃ natthī’’ti diṭṭhiṃ gaṇhanti. Iti titthiyānaṃ pubbenivāsānussaraṇaṃ andhānaṃ yaṭṭhikoṭigamanaṃ viya hoti. Yathā hi andhā yaṭṭhikoṭiggāhake satiyeva gacchanti, asati tattheva nisīdanti, evameva titthiyā khandhapaṭipāṭiyāva anussarituṃ sakkonti, paṭipāṭiṃ vissajjetvā na sakkonti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sāvakāpi khandhapaṭipāṭiyāva anussaranti, asaññabhavaṃ patvā khandhappavattiṃ na passanti. Evaṃ santepi te vaṭṭe saṃsaraṇakasattānaṃ khandhānaṃ abhāvakālo nāma natthi. Asaññabhave pana pañcakappasatāni pavattantīti tattakaṃ kālaṃ atikkamitvā buddhehi dinnanaye ṭhatvā parato anussaranti; seyyathāpi āyasmā sobhito. Dve aggasāvakā pana paccekabuddhā ca <a name="V2.0003"></a> cutipaṭisandhiṃ oloketvā anussaranti. Buddhānaṃ cutipaṭisandhikiccaṃ natthi, yaṃ yaṃ ṭhānaṃ passitukāmā honti, taṃ tadeva passanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Titthiyā <a name="M2.0003"></a> ca pubbenivāsaṃ anussaramānā attanā diṭṭhakatasutameva anussaranti. Tathā sāvakā ca paccekabuddhā <a name="P2.0409"></a> ca. Buddhā pana attanā vā parehi vā diṭṭhakatasutaṃ sabbameva anussaranti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Titthiyānaṃ pubbenivāsañāṇaṃ khajjopanakaobhāsasadisaṃ, sāvakānaṃ padīpobhāsasadisaṃ, aggasāvakānaṃ osadhitārakobhāsasadisaṃ, paccekabuddhānaṃ candobhāsasadisaṃ, buddhānaṃ saradasūriyamaṇḍalobhāsasadisaṃ. Tassa ettakāni jātisatāni jātisahassāni jātisatasahassānīti vā ettakāni kappasatāni kappasahassāni kappasatasahassānīti vā natthi, yaṃ kiñci anussarantassa neva khalitaṃ, na paṭighātaṃ hoti, āvajjanapaṭibaddhameva ākaṅkhamanasikāracittuppādapaṭibaddhameva hoti. Dubbalapattapuṭe vegakkhittanārāco viya, sinerukūṭe vissaṭṭhaindavajiraṃ viya ca asajjamānameva gacchati. ‘‘Aho mahantaṃ bhagavato pubbenivāsañāṇa’’nti evaṃ bhagavantaṃyeva ārabbha kathā uppannā, jātā pavattāti attho. Taṃ sabbampi saṅkhepato dassetuṃ ‘‘itipi pubbenivāso, itipi pubvenivāso’’ti ettakameva pāḷiyaṃ vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">itipī</span>ti evampi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para2-3"></a><a name="para2-3_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">2-3</span>. <span class="bld">Assosi kho…pe… atha bhagavā anuppatto</span>ti ettha yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ <span class="bld">brahmajālasuttavaṇṇanāyaṃ</span> vuttameva. Ayameva hi viseso – tattha sabbaññutaññāṇena assosi, idha dibbasotena. Tattha ca vaṇṇāvaṇṇakathā vippakatā, idha pubbenivāsakathā. Tasmā bhagavā – ‘‘ime bhikkhū mama pubbenivāsañāṇaṃ ārabbha guṇaṃ thomenti, pubbenivāsañāṇassa pana me nipphattiṃ na jānanti; handa nesaṃ tassa nipphattiṃ kathetvā dassāmī’’ti āgantvā pakatiyāpi buddhānaṃ nisīditvā dhammadesanatthameva ṭhapite taṅkhaṇe bhikkhūhi papphoṭetvā dinne varabuddhāsane nisīditvā ‘‘kāya nuttha, bhikkhave’’ti pucchāya ca ‘‘idha<a name="P2.0410"></a>, bhante’’tiādipaṭivacanassa ca pariyosāne tesaṃ pubbenivāsapaṭisaṃyuttaṃ dhammiṃ kathaṃ kathetukāmo <span class="bld">iccheyyātha no</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">iccheyyātha no</span>ti iccheyyātha nu. Atha naṃ pahaṭṭhamānasā bhikkhū yācamānā <span class="bld">etassa bhagavā</span>tiādimāhaṃsu. Tattha <span class="bld">etassā</span>ti etassa dhammikathākaraṇassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para4"></a><a name="para4_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">4</span>. Atha <a name="M2.0004"></a> bhagavā tesaṃ yācanaṃ gahetvā kathetukāmo ‘‘tena hi, bhikkhave, suṇāthā’’ti te <a name="V2.0004"></a> sotāvadhāraṇasādhukamanasikāresu niyojetvā aññesaṃ asādhāraṇaṃ chinnavaṭumakānussaraṇaṃ pakāsetukāmo <span class="bld">ito so, bhikkhave</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">yaṃ vipassī</span>ti yasmiṃ kappe vipassī. Ayañhi ‘ya’nti saddo ‘‘yaṃ me, bhante, devānaṃ tāvatiṃsānaṃ sammukhā sutaṃ sammukhā paṭiggahitaṃ, ārocemi taṃ, bhagavato’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 2.203) paccattavacane dissati. ‘‘Yaṃ taṃ apucchimha akittayī no, aññaṃ taṃ pucchāma tadiṅgha brūhī’’tiādīsu (su. ni. 881) upayogavacane. ‘‘Aṭṭhānametaṃ, bhikkhave, anavakāso, yaṃ ekissā lokadhātuyā’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 1.277) karaṇavacane. Idha pana bhummattheti daṭṭhabbo. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘yasmiṃ kappe’’ti. <span class="bld">Udapādī</span>ti dasasahassilokadhātuṃ unnādento uppajji.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhaddakappe</span>ti pañcabuddhuppādapaṭimaṇḍitattā sundarakappe sārakappeti bhagavā imaṃ kappaṃ thomento evamāha. Yato paṭṭhāya kira amhākaṃ bhagavatā abhinīhāro kato, etasmiṃ antare ekakappepi pañca buddhā nibbattā nāma natthi. Amhākaṃ bhagavato abhinīhārassa purato pana taṇhaṅkaro, medhaṅkaro, saraṇaṅkaro, dīpaṅkaroti cattāro buddhā ekasmiṃ kappe nibbattiṃsu. Tesaṃ orabhāge ekaṃ asaṅkhyeyyaṃ buddhasuññameva ahosi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Asaṅkhyeyyakappapariyosāne pana koṇḍañño nāma buddho ekova ekasmiṃ kappe uppanno. Tatopi asaṅkhyeyyaṃ buddhasuññameva ahosi. Asaṅkhyeyyakappapariyosāne maṅgalo, sumano, revato, sobhitoti cattāro buddhā ekasmiṃ kappe uppannā<a name="P2.0411"></a>. Tatopi asaṅkhyeyyaṃ buddhasuññameva ahosi. Asaṅkhyeyyakappapariyosāne pana ito kappasatasahassādhikassa asaṅkhyeyyassa upari anomadassī, padumo, nāradoti tayo buddhā ekasmiṃ kappe uppannā. Tatopi asaṅkhyeyyaṃ buddhasuññameva ahosi. Asaṅkhyeyyakappapariyosāne pana ito kappasatasahassānaṃ upari padumuttaro bhagavā ekova ekasmiṃ kappe uppanno. Tassa orabhāge ito tiṃsakappasahassānaṃ upari sumedho, sujātoti dve buddhā ekasmiṃ kappe uppannā. Tato orabhāge ito aṭṭhārasannaṃ kappasahassānaṃ upari piyadassī, atthadassī, dhammadassīti tayo buddhā <a name="M2.0005"></a> ekasmiṃ kappe uppannā. Atha ito catunavutikappe siddhattho nāma buddho ekova ekasmiṃ kappe uppanno. Ito dve navutikappe tisso, phussoti dve buddhā ekasmiṃ kappe uppannā. Ito ekanavutikappe vipassī bhagavā uppanno. Ito ekatiṃse kappe sikhī, vessabhūti dve buddhā uppannā. Imasmiṃ bhaddakappe kakusandho, koṇāgamano, kassapo, gotamo amhākaṃ sammāsambuddhoti cattāro buddhā uppannā, metteyyo uppajjissati. Evamayaṃ kappo pañcabuddhuppādapaṭimaṇḍitattā sundarakappo sārakappoti bhagavā imaṃ kappaṃ thomento evamāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kiṃ <a name="V2.0005"></a> panetaṃ buddhānaṃyeva pākaṭaṃ hoti – ‘‘imasmiṃ kappe ettakā buddhā uppannā vā uppajjissantīti vā’’ti, udāhu aññesampi pākaṭaṃ hotīti? Aññesampi pākaṭaṃ hoti. Kesaṃ? Suddhāvāsabrahmānaṃ. Kappasaṇṭhānakālasmiñhi ekamasaṅkhyeyyaṃ ekaṅgaṇaṃ hutvā ṭhite lokasannivāse lokassa saṇṭhānatthāya devo vassituṃ ārabhati. Āditova antaraṭṭhake himapāto viya hoti. Tato tilamattā kaṇamattā taṇḍulamattā mugga-māsa-badara-āmalaka-eḷāluka-kumbhaṇḍa-alābumattā udakadhārā hutvā anukkamena usabhadveusabhaaḍḍhagāvutagāvutadvegāvutaaḍḍhayojanayojanadviyojana…pe… yojanasatayojanasahassayojanasatasahassamattā <a name="P2.0412"></a> hutvā koṭisatasahassacakkavāḷabbhantare yāva avinaṭṭhabrahmalokā pūretvā tiṭṭhanti. Atha taṃ udakaṃ anupubbena bhassati, bhassante udake pakatidevalokaṭṭhānesu devalokā saṇṭhahanti, tesaṃ saṇṭhahanavidhānaṃ <span class="bld">visuddhimagge</span> pubbenivāsakathāyaṃ vuttameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Manussalokasaṇṭhahanaṭṭhānaṃ pana patte udake dhamakaraṇamukhe pihite viya vātavasena taṃ udakaṃ santiṭṭhati, udakapiṭṭhe uppalinipaṇṇaṃ viya pathavī saṇṭhahati. Mahābodhipallaṅko vinassamāne loke pacchā vinassati, saṇṭhahamāne paṭhamaṃ saṇṭhahati. Tattha pubbanimittaṃ hutvā eko paduminigaccho uppajjati, tassa sace tasmiṃ kappe buddho nibbattissati, pupphaṃ uppajjati. No ce, nuppajjati. Uppajjamānañca sace eko buddho nibbattissati, ekaṃ uppajjati. Sace dve, tayo, cattāro, pañca buddhā nibbattissanti, pañca uppajjanti. Tāni ca kho ekasmiṃyeva nāḷe kaṇṇikābaddhāni hutvā. Suddhāvāsabrahmāno ‘‘āyāma<a name="M2.0006"></a>, mayaṃ mārisā, pubbanimittaṃ passissāmā’’ti mahābodhipallaṅkaṭṭhānaṃ āgacchanti, buddhānaṃ anibbattanakappe pupphaṃ na hoti. Te pana apupphitagacchaṃ disvā – ‘‘andhakāro vata bho loko bhavissati, matā matā sattā apāye pūressanti, cha devalokā nava brahmalokā suññā bhavissantī’’ti anattamanā honti. Pupphitakāle pana pupphaṃ disvā – ‘‘sabbaññubodhisattesu mātukucchiṃ okkamantesu nikkhamantesu sambujjhantesu dhammacakkaṃ pavattentesu yamakapāṭihāriyaṃ karontesu devorohanaṃ karontesu āyusaṅkhāraṃ ossajjantesu parinibbāyantesu dasasahassacakkavāḷakampanādīni pāṭihāriyāni dakkhissāmā’’ti ca ‘‘cattāro apāyā parihāyissanti, cha devalokā nava brahmalokā paripūressantī’’ti ca attamanā udānaṃ udānentā attano attano brahmalokaṃ gacchanti. Imasmiṃ bhaddakappe pañca padumāni uppajjiṃsu. Tesaṃ nimittānaṃ ānubhāvena cattāro buddhā uppannā, pañcamo uppajjissati. Suddhāvāsabrahmānopi <a name="P2.0413"></a> tāni padumāni disvā imamatthaṃ jāniṃsu. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘aññesampi pākaṭaṃ hotī’’ti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Āyuparicchedavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para5-7"></a><a name="para5-7_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">5-7</span>. Iti <a name="V2.0006"></a> bhagavā – ‘‘ito so, bhikkhave’’tiādinā nayena kappaparicchedavasena pubbenivāsaṃ dassetvā idāni tesaṃ buddhānaṃ jātiparicchedādivasena dassetuṃ <span class="bld">vipassī, bhikkhave</span>tiādimāha. Tattha āyuparicchede <span class="bld">parittaṃ lahuka</span>nti ubhayametaṃ appakasseva vevacanaṃ. Yañhi appakaṃ, taṃ parittañceva lahukañca hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Appaṃ vā bhiyyo</span>ti vassasatato vā upari appaṃ, aññaṃ vassasataṃ apatvā vīsaṃ vā tiṃsaṃ vā cattālīsaṃ vā paṇṇāsaṃ vā saṭṭhi vā vassāni jīvati. Evaṃ dīghāyuko pana atidullabho, asuko kira evaṃ ciraṃ jīvatīti tattha tattha gantvā daṭṭhabbo hoti. Tattha visākhā upāsikā vīsavassasataṃ jīvati, tathā pokkharasāti brāhmaṇo, brahmāyu brāhmaṇo, selo brāhmaṇo, bāvariyabrāhmaṇo, ānandatthero, mahākassapattheroti. Anuruddhatthero pana vassasatañceva paṇṇāsañca vassāni, bākulatthero vassasatañceva saṭṭhi ca vassāni. Ayaṃ sabbadīghāyuko. Sopi dve vassasatāni na jīvati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vipassīādayo <a name="M2.0007"></a> pana sabbepi bodhisattā mettāpubbabhāgena somanassasahagatañāṇasampayuttaasaṅkhārikacittena mātukucchismiṃ paṭisandhiṃ gaṇhiṃsu. Tena cittena gahitāya paṭisandhiyā asaṅkhyeyyaṃ āyu, iti sabbe buddhā asaṅkhyeyyāyukā. Te kasmā asaṅkhyeyyaṃ na aṭṭhaṃsu? Utubhojanavipattiyā. Utubhojanavasena hi āyu hāyatipi vaḍḍhatipi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha yadā rājāno adhammikā honti, tadā uparājāno, senāpati, seṭṭhi, sakalanagaraṃ, sakalaraṭṭhaṃ adhammikameva hoti; atha tesaṃ ārakkhadevatā, tāsaṃ devatānaṃ mittā bhūmaṭṭhadevatā, tāsaṃ devatānaṃ mittā ākāsaṭṭhakadevatā, ākāsaṭṭhakadevatānaṃ mittā uṇhavalāhakā devatā, tāsaṃ mittā abbhavalāhakā devatā, tāsaṃ mittā sītavalāhakā devatā, tāsaṃ mittā vassavalāhakā devatā, tāsaṃ mittā cātumahārājikā <a name="P2.0414"></a> devatā, tāsaṃ mittā tāvatiṃsā devatā, tāsaṃ mittā yāmā devatāti evamādi. Evaṃ yāva bhavaggā ṭhapetvā ariyasāvake sabbā devabrahmaparisāpi adhammikāva honti. Tāsaṃ adhammikatāya visamaṃ candimasūriyā pariharanti, vāto yathāmaggena na vāyati, ayathāmaggena vāyanto ākāsaṭṭhakavimānāni khobheti, vimānesu khobhitesu devatānaṃ kīḷanatthāya cittāni na namanti, devatānaṃ kīḷanatthāya cittesu anamantesu <a name="V2.0007"></a> sītuṇhabhedo utu yathākālena na sampajjati, tasmiṃ asampajjante na sammā devo vassati, kadāci vassati, kadāci na vassati; katthaci vassati, katthaci na vassati, vassantopi vappakāle aṅkurakāle nāḷakāle pupphakāle khīraggahaṇādikālesu yathā yathā sassānaṃ upakāro na hoti, tathā tathā vassati ca vigacchati ca, tena sassāni visamapākāni honti, vigatagandhavaṇṇarasādisampannāni. Ekabhājane pakkhittataṇḍulesupi ekasmiṃ padese bhattaṃ uttaṇḍulaṃ hoti, ekasmiṃ atikilinnaṃ, ekasmiṃ samapākaṃ. Taṃ paribhuttaṃ kucchiyampi tīhākārehi paccati. Tena sattā bahvābādhā ceva honti, appāyukā ca. Evaṃ tāva utubhojanavasena āyu hāyati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadā <a name="M2.0008"></a> pana rājāno dhammikā honti, tadā uparājānopi dhammikā hontīti purimanayeneva yāva brahmalokā sabbepi dhammikā honti. Tesaṃ dhammikattā samaṃ candimasūriyā pariharanti, yathāmaggena vāto vāyati, yathāmaggena vāyanto ākāsaṭṭhakavimānāni na khobheti, tesaṃ akhobhā devatānaṃ kīḷanatthāya cittāni namanti. Evaṃ kālena utu sampajjati, devo sammā vassati, vappakālato paṭṭhāya sassānaṃ upakāraṃ karonto kāle vassati, kāle vigacchati, tena sassāni samapākāni sugandhāni suvaṇṇāni surasāni ojavantāni honti, tehi sampāditaṃ bhojanaṃ paribhuttampi sammā paripākaṃ gacchati<a name="P2.0415"></a>, tena sattā arogā dīghāyukā honti. Evaṃ utubhojanavasena āyu vaḍḍhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha vipassī bhagavā asītivassasahassāyukakāle nibbatto, sikhī sattativassasahassāyukakāleti idaṃ anupubbena parihīnasadisaṃ kataṃ, na pana evaṃ parihīnaṃ, vaḍḍhitvā vaḍḍhitvā parihīnanti veditabbaṃ. Kathaṃ? Imasmiṃ tāva kappe kakusandho bhagavā cattālīsavassasahassāyukakāle nibbatto, āyuppamāṇaṃ pañca koṭṭhāse katvā cattāri ṭhatvā pañcame vijjamāneyeva parinibbuto. Taṃ āyu parihāyamānaṃ dasavassakālaṃ patvā puna vaḍḍhamānaṃ asaṅkhyeyyaṃ hutvā tato parihāyamānaṃ tiṃsavassasahassakāle ṭhitaṃ; tadā koṇāgamano bhagavā nibbatto. Tasmimpi tatheva parinibbute taṃ āyu dasavassakālaṃ patvā puna vaḍḍhamānaṃ asaṅkhyeyyaṃ hutvā parihāyitvā vīsativassasahassakāle ṭhitaṃ; tadā kassapo bhagavā nibbatto. Tasmimpi tatheva parinibbute taṃ āyu dasavassakālaṃ patvā puna vaḍḍhamānaṃ asaṅkhyeyyaṃ hutvā parihāyitvā vassasatakālaṃ pattaṃ, atha amhākaṃ sammāsambuddho nibbatto. Evaṃ anupubbena parihāyitvā parihāyitvā vaḍḍhitvā vaḍḍhitvā parihīnanti veditabbaṃ. Tattha yaṃ yaṃ āyuparimāṇesu <a name="V2.0008"></a> manussesu buddhā nibbattanti, tesampi taṃ tadeva āyuparimāṇaṃ hotīti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Āyuparicchedavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Bodhiparicchedavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para8"></a><a name="para8_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">8</span>. Bodhiparicchede <a name="M2.0009"></a> pana <span class="bld">pāṭaliyā mūle</span>ti pāṭalirukkhassa heṭṭhā. Tassā pana pāṭaliyā khandho taṃ divasaṃ paṇṇāsaratano hutvā abbhuggato, sākhā paṇṇāsaratanāti ubbedhena ratanasataṃ ahosi. Taṃ divasañca sā pāṭali kaṇṇikābaddhehi viya pupphehi mūlato paṭṭhāya ekasañchannā ahosi, dibbagandhaṃ vāyati. Na kevalañca tadā ayameva pupphitā, dasasahassacakkavāḷe sabbapāṭaliyo pupphitā. Na kevalañca pāṭaliyo, dasasahassacakkavāḷe sabbarukkhānaṃ khandhesu khandhapadumāni, sākhāsu sākhāpadumāni, latāsu latāpadumāni, ākāse ākāsapadumāni pupphitāni, pathavitalaṃ <a name="P2.0416"></a> bhinditvāpi mahāpadumāni uṭṭhitāni. Mahāsamuddopi pañcavaṇṇehi padumehi nīluppalarattuppalehi ca sañchanno ahosi. Sakaladasasahassacakkavāḷaṃ dhajamālākulaṃ tattha tattha nibaddhapupphadāmavissaṭṭhamālāguḷavippakiṇṇaṃ nānāvaṇṇakusumasamujjalaṃ nandanavanacittalatāvanamissakavanaphārusakavanasadisaṃ ahosi. Puratthimacakkavāḷamukhavaṭṭiyaṃ ussitaddhajā pacchimacakkavāḷamukhavaṭṭiṃ abhihananti. Pacchimadakkhiṇauttaracakkavāḷamukhavaṭṭiyaṃ ussitaddhajā dakkhiṇacakkavāḷamukhavaṭṭiṃ abhihananti. Evaṃ aññamaññasirīsampattāni cakkavāḷāni ahesuṃ. <span class="bld">Abhisambuddho</span>ti sakalaṃ buddhaguṇavibhavasiriṃ paṭivijjhamāno cattāri saccāni abhisambuddho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Sikhī, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho puṇḍarīkassa mūle abhisambuddho’’tiādīsupi imināva nayena padavaṇṇanā veditabbā. Ettha pana <span class="bld">puṇḍarīko</span>ti setambarukkho. Tassāpi tadeva parimāṇaṃ. Taṃ divasañca sopi dibbagandhehi pupphehi susañchanno ahosi. Na kevalañca pupphehi, phalehipi sañchanno ahosi. Tassa ekato taruṇāni phalāni, ekato majjhimāni phalāni, ekato nātipakkāni phalāni, ekato supakkāni pakkhittadibbojāni viya surasāni olambanti. Yathā so, evaṃ sakaladasasahassacakkavāḷesu <a name="V2.0009"></a> pupphūpagarukkhā pupphehi, phalūpagarukkhā phalehi paṭimaṇḍitā ahesuṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sālo</span>ti sālarukkho. Tassāpi tadeva parimāṇaṃ, tatheva pupphasirīvibhavo veditabbo. Sirīsarukkhepi eseva nayo. Udumbararukkhe pupphāni <a name="M2.0010"></a> nāhesuṃ, phalavibhūti panettha ambe vuttanayāva, tathā nigrodhe, tathā assatthe. Iti sabbabuddhānaṃ ekova pallaṅko, rukkhā pana aññepi honti. Tesu yassa yassa rukkhassa mūle catumaggañāṇasaṅkhātabodhiṃ buddhā paṭivijjhanti, so so <span class="bld">bodhī</span>ti vuccati. Ayaṃ bodhiparicchedo nāma.</p>
<p class="subhead">Sāvakayugaparicchedavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para9"></a><a name="para9_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">9</span>. Sāvakayugaparicchede pana <span class="bld">khaṇḍatissa</span>nti khaṇḍo ca tisso ca. Tesu khaṇḍo ekapitiko kaniṭṭhabhātā, tisso purohitaputto<a name="P2.0417"></a>. Khaṇḍo paññāpāramiyā matthakaṃ patto, tisso samādhipāramiyā matthakaṃ patto. <span class="bld">Agga</span>nti ṭhapetvā vipassiṃ bhagavantaṃ avasesehi saddhiṃ asadisaguṇatāya uttamaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhaddayuga</span>nti aggattāyeva bhaddayugaṃ. <span class="bld">Abhibhūsambhava</span>nti abhibhū ca sambhavo ca. Tesu abhibhū paññāpāramiyā matthakaṃ patto. Sikhinā bhagavatā saddhiṃ aruṇavatito brahmalokaṃ gantvā brahmaparisāya vividhāni pāṭihāriyāni dassento dhammaṃ desetvā dasasahassilokadhātuṃ andhakārena pharitvā – ‘‘kiṃ ida’’nti sañjātasaṃvegānaṃ obhāsaṃ pharitvā – ‘‘sabbe me rūpañca passantu, saddañca suṇantū’’ti adhiṭṭhahitvā – ‘‘ārambhathā’’ti gāthādvayaṃ (saṃ. ni. 1.185) bhaṇanto saddaṃ sāvesi. Sambhavo samādhipāramiyā matthakaṃ patto ahosi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Soṇuttara</span>nti soṇo ca uttaro ca. Tesupi soṇo paññāpāramiṃ patto, uttaro samādhipāramiṃ patto ahosi. <span class="bld">Vidhurasañjīva</span>nti vidhuro ca sañjīvo ca. Tesu vidhuro paññāpāramiṃ patto ahosi, sañjīvo samādhipāramiṃ patto. Samāpajjanabahulo rattiṭṭhānadivāṭṭhānakuṭileṇamaṇḍapādīsu samāpattibalena jhāyanto ekadivasaṃ araññe nirodhaṃ samāpajji, atha naṃ vanakammikādayo ‘‘mato’’ti sallakkhetvā jhāpesuṃ. So yathāparicchedena samāpattito uṭṭhāya cīvarāni papphoṭetvā gāmaṃ piṇḍāya pāvisi. Tadupādāyeva ca naṃ ‘‘sañjīvo’’ti sañjāniṃsu. <span class="bld">Bhiyyosuttara</span>nti bhiyyoso ca uttaro ca. Tesu bhiyyoso paññāya uttaro, uttaro samādhinā aggo ahosi. <span class="bld">Tissabhāradvāja</span>nti tisso ca bhāradvājo ca<a name="V2.0010"></a>. Tesu tisso paññāpāramiṃ patto, bhāradvājo samādhipāramiṃ patto ahosi<a name="M2.0011"></a>. <span class="bld">Sāriputtamoggallāna</span>nti sāriputto ca moggallāno ca. Tesu sāriputto paññāvisaye, moggallāno samādhivisaye aggo ahosi. Ayaṃ sāvakayugaparicchedo nāma.</p>
<p class="subhead">Sāvakasannipātaparicchedavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para10"></a><a name="para10_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">10</span>. Sāvakasannipātaparicchede <a name="P2.0418"></a> vipassissa bhagavato paṭhamasannipāto caturaṅgiko ahosi, sabbe ehibhikkhū, sabbe iddhiyā nibbattapattacīvarā, sabbe anāmantitāva āgatā, iti te ca kho pannarase uposathadivase. Atha satthā bījaniṃ gahetvā nisinno uposathaṃ osāresi. Dutiyatatiyesupi eseva nayo. Tathā sesabuddhānaṃ sabbasannipātesu. Yasmā pana amhākaṃ bhagavato paṭhamabodhiyāva sannipāto ahosi, idañca suttaṃ aparabhāge vuttaṃ, tasmā ‘‘mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, etarahi eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto’’ti aniṭṭhapetvā ‘‘ahosī’’ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">aḍḍhateḷasāni bhikkhusatānī</span>ti purāṇajaṭilānaṃ sahassaṃ, dvinnaṃ aggasāvakānaṃ parivārāni aḍḍhateyyasatānīti aḍḍhateḷasāni bhikkhusatāni. Tattha dvinnaṃ aggasāvakānaṃ abhinīhārato paṭṭhāya vatthuṃ kathetvā pabbajjā dīpetabbā. Pabbajitānaṃ pana tesaṃ mahāmoggallāno sattame divase arahattaṃ patto. Dhammasenāpati pannarasame divase gijjhakūṭapabbatamajjhe sūkarakhataleṇapabbhāre bhāgineyyassa dīghanakhaparibbājakassa sajjite dhammayāge vedanāpariggahasuttante (ma. ni. 2.201) desiyamāne desanaṃ anubujjhamānaṃ ñāṇaṃ pesetvā sāvakapāramiñāṇaṃ patto. Bhagavā therassa arahattappattiṃ ñatvā vehāsaṃ abbhuggantvā veḷuvaneyeva paccuṭṭhāsi. Thero – ‘‘kuhiṃ nu kho bhagavā gato’’ti āvajjanto veḷuvane patiṭṭhitabhāvaṃ ñatvā sayampi vehāsaṃ abbhuggantvā veḷuvaneyeva paccuṭṭhāsi. Atha bhagavā pātimokkhaṃ osāresi. Taṃ sannipātaṃ sandhāya bhagavā – ‘‘aḍḍhateḷasāni bhikkhusatānī’’ti āha. Ayaṃ sāvakasannipātaparicchedo nāma.</p>
<p class="subhead">Upaṭṭhākaparicchedavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para11"></a><a name="para11_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">11</span>. Upaṭṭhākaparicchede <a name="M2.0012"></a> pana <span class="bld">ānando</span>ti nibaddhupaṭṭhākabhāvaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Bhagavato hi paṭhamabodhiyaṃ anibaddhā upaṭṭhākā ahesuṃ. Ekadā nāgasamālo pattacīvaraṃ gahetvā vicari, ekadā nāgito, ekadā upavāno, ekadā sunakkhatto, ekadā cundo samaṇuddeso, ekadā sāgato<a name="V2.0011"></a>, ekadā meghiyo. Tattha <a name="P2.0419"></a> ekadā bhagavā nāgasamālattherena saddhiṃ addhānamaggapaṭipanno dvedhāpathaṃ patto. Thero maggā okkamma – ‘‘bhagavā, ahaṃ iminā maggena gacchāmī’’ti āha. Atha naṃ bhagavā – ‘‘ehi bhikkhu, iminā maggena gacchāmā’’ti āha. So – ‘‘handa, bhagavā, tumhākaṃ pattacīvaraṃ gaṇhatha, ahaṃ iminā maggena gacchāmī’’ti vatvā pattacīvaraṃ chamāyaṃ ṭhapetuṃ āraddho. Atha naṃ bhagavā – ‘‘āhara, bhikkhū’’ti vatvā pattacīvaraṃ gahetvā gato. Tassapi bhikkhuno itarena maggena gacchato corā pattacīvarañceva hariṃsu, sīsañca bhindiṃsu. So – ‘‘bhagavā idāni me paṭisaraṇaṃ, na añño’’ti cintetvā lohitena gaḷitena bhagavato santikaṃ agamāsi. ‘‘Kimidaṃ bhikkhū’’ti ca vutte taṃ pavattiṃ ārocesi. Atha naṃ bhagavā – ‘‘mā cintayi, bhikkhu, etaṃyeva te kāraṇaṃ sallakkhetvā nivārayimhā’’ti vatvā naṃ samassāsesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ekadā pana bhagavā meghiyattherena saddhiṃ pācīnavaṃsamigadāye jantugāmaṃ agamāsi. Tatrāpi meghiyo jantugāme piṇḍāya caritvā nadītīre pāsādikaṃ ambavanaṃ disvā – ‘‘bhagavā, tumhākaṃ pattacīvaraṃ gaṇhatha, ahaṃ tasmiṃ ambavane samaṇadhammaṃ karomī’’ti vatvā bhagavatā tikkhattuṃ nivāriyamānopi gantvā akusalavitakkehi upadduto anvāsatto (a. ni. 9.3; udāna paricchedo 31 daṭṭhabbo). Paccāgantvā taṃ pavattiṃ ārocesi. Tampi bhagavā – ‘‘idameva te kāraṇaṃ sallakkhetvā nivārayimhā’’ti vatvā anupubbena sāvatthiṃ agamāsi. Tattha gandhakuṭipariveṇe paññattavarabuddhāsane nisinno bhikkhusaṅghaparivuto bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘bhikkhave, idānimhi mahallako, ‘ekacce bhikkhū iminā maggena gacchāmā’ti vutte aññena gacchanti, ekacce mayhaṃ pattacīvaraṃ nikkhipanti, mayhaṃ nibaddhupaṭṭhākaṃ ekaṃ bhikkhuṃ jānāthā’’ti. Bhikkhūnaṃ dhammasaṃvego udapādi. Athāyasmā sāriputto uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ vanditvā – ‘‘ahaṃ<a name="M2.0013"></a>, bhante, tumheyeva patthayamāno satasahassakappādhikaṃ asaṅkhyeyyaṃ pāramiyo pūrayiṃ, nanu mādiso mahāpañño upaṭṭhāko nāma vaṭṭati, ahaṃ upaṭṭhahissāmī’’ti āha. Taṃ bhagavā – ‘‘alaṃ sāriputta, yassaṃ <a name="P2.0420"></a> disāyaṃ tvaṃ viharasi, asuññāyeva me sā disā, tava ovādo buddhānaṃ ovādasadiso, na me tayā upaṭṭhākakiccaṃ atthī’’ti paṭikkhipi. Etenevupāyena mahāmoggallānaṃ ādiṃ katvā asītimahāsāvakā uṭṭhahiṃsu. Te sabbepi bhagavā paṭikkhipi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ānandatthero pana tuṇhīyeva nisīdi. Atha naṃ bhikkhū evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘āvuso, ānanda, bhikkhusaṅgho upaṭṭhākaṭṭhānaṃ yācati, tvampi yācāhī’’ti. So āha – ‘‘yācitvā laddhupaṭṭhānaṃ <a name="V2.0012"></a> nāma āvuso kīdisaṃ hoti, kiṃ maṃ satthā na passati, sace rocissati, ānando maṃ upaṭṭhātūti vakkhatī’’ti. Atha bhagavā – ‘‘na, bhikkhave, ānando aññena ussāhetabbo, sayameva jānitvā maṃ upaṭṭhahissatī’’ti āha. Tato bhikkhū – ‘‘uṭṭhehi, āvuso ānanda, uṭṭhehi āvuso ānanda, dasabalaṃ upaṭṭhākaṭṭhānaṃ yācāhī’’ti āhaṃsu. Thero uṭṭhahitvā cattāro paṭikkhepe, catasso ca āyācanāti aṭṭha vare yāci.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Cattāro paṭikkhepā nāma – ‘‘sace me, bhante, bhagavā attanā laddhaṃ paṇītaṃ cīvaraṃ na dassati, piṇḍapātaṃ na dassati, ekagandhakuṭiyaṃ vasituṃ na dassati, nimantanaṃ gahetvā na gamissati, evāhaṃ bhagavantaṃ upaṭṭhahissāmī’’ti vatvā – ‘‘kiṃ panettha, ānanda, ādīnavaṃ passasī’’ti vutte – ‘‘sacāhaṃ, bhante, imāni vatthūni labhissāmi, bhavissanti vattāro – ‘ānando dasabalena laddhaṃ paṇītaṃ cīvaraṃ paribhuñjati, piṇḍapātaṃ paribhuñjati, ekagandhakuṭiyaṃ vasati, ekato nimantanaṃ gacchati, etaṃ lābhaṃ labhanto tathāgataṃ upaṭṭhāti, ko evaṃ upaṭṭhahato bhāro’ti’’ ime cattāro paṭikkhepe yāci.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Catasso āyācanā nāma – ‘‘sace, bhante, bhagavā mayā gahitanimantanaṃ gamissati, sacāhaṃ tiroraṭṭhā tirojanapadā bhagavantaṃ daṭṭhuṃ āgataṃ parisaṃ āgatakkhaṇe eva bhagavantaṃ dassetuṃ lacchāmi, yadā me kaṅkhā uppajjati, tasmiṃyeva khaṇe bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamituṃ lacchāmi, yaṃ bhagavā mayhaṃ parammukhā dhammaṃ deseti, taṃ āgantvā mayhaṃ kathessati, evāhaṃ bhagavantaṃ <a name="M2.0014"></a> upaṭṭhahissāmī’’ti vatvā – ‘‘kaṃ panettha, ānanda, ānisaṃsaṃ passasī’’ti <a name="P2.0421"></a> vutte – ‘‘idha, bhante, saddhā kulaputtā bhagavato okāsaṃ alabhantā maṃ evaṃ vadanti – ‘sve, bhante ānanda, bhagavatā saddhiṃ amhākaṃ ghare bhikkhaṃ gaṇheyyāthā’ti, sace bhante bhagavā tattha na gamissati, icchitakkhaṇeyeva parisaṃ dassetuṃ, kaṅkhañca vinodetuṃ okāsaṃ na lacchāmi, bhavissanti vattāro – ‘kiṃ ānando dasabalaṃ upaṭṭhāti, ettakampissa anuggahaṃ bhagavā na karotī’ti. Bhagavato ca parammukhā maṃ pucchissanti – ‘ayaṃ, āvuso ānanda, gāthā, idaṃ suttaṃ, idaṃ jātakaṃ, kattha desita’nti. Sacāhaṃ taṃ na sampādayissāmi, bhavissanti vattāro – ‘ettakampi, āvuso, na jānāsi, kasmā tvaṃ chāyā viya bhagavantaṃ avijahanto dīgharattaṃ vicarasī’ti. Tenāhaṃ parammukhā desitassapi dhammassa puna kathanaṃ icchāmī’’ti imā catasso āyācanā yāci. Bhagavāpissa adāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ ime aṭṭha vare gahetvā nibaddhupaṭṭhāko ahosi. Tasseva ṭhānantarassatthāya kappasatasahassaṃ <a name="V2.0013"></a> pūritānaṃ pāramīnaṃ phalaṃ pāpuṇīti imassa nibaddhupaṭṭhākabhāvaṃ sandhāya – ‘‘mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, etarahi ānando bhikkhu upaṭṭhāko aggupaṭṭhāko’’ti āha. Ayaṃ upaṭṭhākaparicchedo nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para12"></a><a name="para12_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">12</span>. Pitiparicchedo uttānatthoyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vihāraṃ pāvisī</span>ti kasmā vihāraṃ pāvisi? Bhagavā kira ettakaṃ kathetvā cintesi – ‘‘na tāva mayā sattannaṃ buddhānaṃ vaṃso nirantaraṃ matthakaṃ pāpetvā kathito, ajja mayi pana vihāraṃ paviṭṭhe ime bhikkhū bhiyyoso mattāya pubbenivāsañāṇaṃ ārabbha vaṇṇaṃ kathayissanti. Athāhaṃ āgantvā nirantaraṃ buddhavaṃsaṃ kathetvā matthakaṃ pāpetvā dassāmī’’ti bhikkhūnaṃ kathāvārassa okāsaṃ datvā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ pāvisi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yañcetaṃ bhagavā tantiṃ kathesi, tattha kappaparicchedo, jātiparicchedo, gottaparicchedo, āyuparicchedo, bodhiparicchedo, sāvakayugaparicchedo, sāvakasannipātaparicchedo, upaṭṭhākaparicchedo, pitiparicchedoti navime vārā āgatā, sambahulavāro anāgato, ānetvā pana dīpetabbo.</p>
<p class="subhead">Sambahulavārakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sabbabodhisattānañhi <a name="P2.0422"></a><a name="M2.0015"></a> ekasmiṃ kulavaṃsānurūpe putte jāte nikkhamitvā pabbajitabbanti ayameva vaṃso, ayaṃ paveṇī. Kasmā? Sabbaññubodhisattānañhi mātukucchiṃ okkamanato paṭṭhāya pubbe vuttappakārāni anekāni pāṭihāriyāni honti, tatra nesaṃ yadi neva jātanagaraṃ, na pitā, na mātā, na bhariyā, na putto paññāyeyya, ‘‘imassa neva jātanagaraṃ, na pitā, na bhariyā, na putto paññāyati, devo vā sakko vā māro vā brahmā vā esa maññe, devānañca īdisaṃ pāṭihāriyaṃ anacchariya’’nti maññamāno jano neva sotabbaṃ, na saddhātabbaṃ maññeyya. Tato abhisamayo na bhaveyya, abhisamaye asati niratthakova buddhuppādo, aniyyānikaṃ sāsanaṃ hoti. Tasmā sabbabodhisattānaṃ – ‘‘ekasmiṃ kulavaṃsānurūpe putte jāte nikkhamitvā pabbajitabba’’nti ayameva vaṃso ayaṃ paveṇī. Tasmā puttādīnaṃ vasena sambahulavāro ānetvā dīpetabbo.</p>
<p class="subhead">Sambahulaparicchedavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="V2.0014"></a> –</p>
<p class="gatha1">Samavattakkhandho atulo, suppabuddho ca uttaro;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Satthavāho vijitaseno, rāhulo bhavati sattamoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ete tāva sattannampi bodhisattānaṃ anukkameneva satta puttā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha rāhulabhadde tāva jāte paṇṇaṃ āharitvā mahāpurisassa hatthe ṭhapayiṃsu. Athassa tāvadeva sakalasarīraṃ khobhetvā puttasineho aṭṭhāsi. So cintesi – ‘‘ekasmiṃ tāva jāte evarūpo puttasineho, parosahassaṃ kira me puttā bhavissanti, tesu ekekasmiṃ jāte idaṃ sinehabandhanaṃ evaṃ vaḍḍhantaṃ dubbhejjaṃ bhavissati, rāhu jāto, bandhanaṃ jāta’’nti āha. Taṃ divasameva ca rajjaṃ pahāya nikkhanto. Esa nayo sabbesaṃ puttuppattiyanti. Ayaṃ puttaparicchedo.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Sutanā <a name="M2.0016"></a> sabbakāmā ca, sucittā atha rocinī;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Rucaggatī sunandā ca, bimbā bhavati sattamāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Etā tesaṃ sattannampi puttānaṃ mātaro ahesuṃ. Bimbādevī pana rāhulakumāre jāte rāhulamātāti paññāyittha. Ayaṃ bhariyaparicchedo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vipassī <a name="P2.0423"></a> kakusandhoti ime pana dve bodhisattā payuttaājaññarathamāruyha mahābhinikkhamanaṃ nikkhamiṃsu. Sikhī koṇāgamanoti ime dve hatthikkhandhavaragatā hutvā nikkhamiṃsu. Vessabhū suvaṇṇasivikāya nisīditvā nikkhami. Kassapo uparipāsāde mahātale nisinnova ānāpānacatutthajjhānaṃ nibbattetvā jhānā uṭṭhāya taṃ jhānaṃ pādakaṃ katvā – ‘‘pāsādo uggantvā bodhimaṇḍe otaratū’’ti adhiṭṭhāsi. Pāsādo ākāsena gantvā bodhimaṇḍe otari. Mahāpurisopi tato otaritvā bhūmiyaṃ ṭhatvā – ‘‘pāsādo yathāṭhāneyeva patiṭṭhātū’’ti cintesi. So yathāṭhāne patiṭṭhāsi. Mahāpurisopi satta divasāni padhānamanuyuñjitvā bodhipallaṅke <a name="V2.0015"></a> nisīditvā sabbaññutaṃ paṭivijjhi. Amhākaṃ pana bodhisatto kaṇṭakaṃ assavaramāruyha nikkhantoti. Ayaṃ yānaparicchedo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vipassissa pana bhagavato yojanappamāṇe padese vihāro patiṭṭhāsi, sikhissa tigāvute, vessabhussa aḍḍhayojane, kakusandhassa gāvute, koṇāgamanassa aḍḍhagāvute, kassapassa vīsatiusabhe. Amhākaṃ bhagavato pakatimānena soḷasakarīse, rājamānena aṭṭhakarīse padese vihāro patiṭṭhitoti. Ayaṃ vihāraparicchedo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vipassissa pana bhagavato ekaratanāyāmā vidatthivitthārā aṭṭhaṅgulubbedhā suvaṇṇiṭṭhakā kāretvā cūḷaṃsena chādetvā vihāraṭṭhānaṃ kiṇiṃsu. Sikhissa suvaṇṇayaṭṭhiphālehi chādetvā kiṇiṃsu. Vessabhussa suvaṇṇahatthipādāni kāretvā tesaṃ cūḷaṃsena chādetvā kiṇiṃsu. Kakusandhassa vuttanayeneva suvaṇṇiṭṭhakāhi chādetvā kiṇiṃsu. Koṇāgamanassa vuttanayeneva suvaṇṇakacchapehi chādetvā kiṇiṃsu. Kassapassa <a name="M2.0017"></a> suvaṇṇakaṭṭīhiyeva chādetvā kiṇiṃsu. Amhākaṃ bhagavato salakkhaṇānaṃ kahāpaṇānaṃ cūḷaṃsena chādetvā kiṇiṃsu. Ayaṃ vihārabhūmiggahaṇadhanaparicchedo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="P2.0424"></a> vipassissa bhagavato tathā bhūmiṃ kiṇitvā vihāraṃ katvā dinnupaṭṭhāko <span class="bld">punabbasumitto</span> nāma ahosi, sikhissa <span class="bld">sirivaḍḍhano</span> nāma, vessabhussa <span class="bld">sotthiyo</span> nāma, kakusandhassa <span class="bld">accuto</span> nāma, koṇāgamanassa <span class="bld">uggo</span> nāma, kassapassa <span class="bld">sumano</span> nāma, amhākaṃ bhagavato <span class="bld">sudatto</span> nāma. Sabbe cete gahapatimahāsālā seṭṭhino ahesunti. Ayaṃ upaṭṭhākaparicchedo nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparāni cattāri avijahitaṭṭhānāni nāma honti. Sabbabuddhānañhi bodhipallaṅko avijahito, ekasmiṃyeva ṭhāne hoti. Dhammacakkappavattanaṃ isipatane migadāye avijahitameva hoti. Devorohanakāle saṅkassanagaradvāre paṭhamapadagaṇṭhikā avijahitāva hoti. Jetavane gandhakuṭiyā cattāri mañcapādaṭṭhānāni avijahitāneva honti. Vihāro pana khuddakopi mahantopi hoti, vihāropi na vijahitoyeva, nagaraṃ pana vijahati. Yadā nagaraṃ pācīnato hoti, tadā vihāro pacchimato; yadā nagaraṃ dakkhiṇato, tadā vihāro uttarato. Yadā nagaraṃ pacchimato, tadā vihāro pācīnato; yadā nagaraṃ uttarato, tadā vihāro dakkhiṇato. Idāni pana nagaraṃ uttarato, vihāro dakkhiṇato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sabbabuddhānañca <a name="V2.0016"></a> āyuvemattaṃ, pamāṇavemattaṃ, kulavemattaṃ, padhānavemattaṃ, rasmivemattanti pañca vemattāni honti. <span class="bld">Āyuvemattaṃ</span> nāma keci dīghāyukā honti, keci appāyukā. Tathā hi dīpaṅkarassa vassasatasahassaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ ahosi, amhākaṃ bhagavato vassasataṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pamāṇavemattaṃ</span> nāma keci dīghā honti keci rassā. Tathā hi dīpaṅkaro asītihattho ahosi, sumano navutihattho, amhākaṃ bhagavā aṭṭhārasahattho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kulavemattaṃ</span> <a name="M2.0018"></a> nāma keci khattiyakule nibbattanti, keci brāhmaṇakule. <span class="bld">Padhānavemattaṃ</span> nāma kesañci padhānaṃ ittarakālameva hoti, yathā kassapassa bhagavato. Kesañci addhaniyaṃ, yathā amhākaṃ bhagavato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rasmivemattaṃ</span> nāma maṅgalassa bhagavato sarīrarasmi dasasahassilokadhātuppamāṇā ahosi. Amhākaṃ bhagavato samantā byāmamattā<a name="P2.0425"></a>. Tatra rasmivemattaṃ ajjhāsayappaṭibaddhaṃ, yo yattakaṃ icchati, tassa tattakaṃ sarīrappabhā pharati. Maṅgalassa pana niccampi dasasahassilokadhātuṃ pharatūti ajjhāsayo ahosi. Paṭividdhaguṇesu pana kassaci vemattaṃ nāma natthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparaṃ amhākaṃyeva bhagavato sahajātaparicchedañca nakkhattaparicchedañca dīpesuṃ. Sabbaññubodhisattena kira saddhiṃ rāhulamātā, ānandatthero, channo, kaṇṭako, nidhikumbho, mahābodhi, kāḷudāyīti imāni satta sahajātāni. Mahāpuriso ca uttarāsāḷhanakkhatteneva mātukucchiṃ okkami, mahābhinikkhamanaṃ nikkhami, dhammacakkaṃ pavattesi, yamakapāṭihāriyaṃ akāsi. Visākhānakkhattena jāto ca abhisambuddho ca parinibbuto ca. Māghanakkhattenassa sāvakasannipāto ca ahosi, āyusaṅkhārossajjanañca, assayujanakkhattena devorohananti ettakaṃ āharitvā dīpetabbaṃ. Ayaṃ sambahulaparicchedo nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para13"></a><a name="para13_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">13</span>. Idāni <span class="bld">atha kho tesaṃ bhikkhūna</span>ntiādīsu te bhikkhū – ‘‘āvuso, pubbenivāsassa nāma ayaṃ gati, yadidaṃ cutito paṭṭhāya paṭisandhiārohanaṃ. Yaṃ pana idaṃ paṭisandhito paṭṭhāya pacchāmukhaṃ ñāṇaṃ pesetvā cuti gantabbaṃ, idaṃ atigarukaṃ. Ākāse padaṃ dassento viya bhagavā kathesī’’ti ativimhayajātā hutvā – ‘‘acchariyaṃ, āvuso,’’tiādīni vatvā puna aparampi kāraṇaṃ dassento – ‘‘yatra hi nāma tathāgato’’tiādimāhaṃsu<a name="V2.0017"></a>. Tattha <span class="bld">yatra hi nāmā</span>ti acchariyatthe nipāto, yo nāma tathāgatoti attho. <span class="bld">Chinnapapañce</span>ti ettha papañcā nāma taṇhā māno diṭṭhīti ime tayo kilesā. <span class="bld">Chinnavaṭume</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">vaṭuma</span>nti kusalākusalakammavaṭṭaṃ vuccati. <span class="bld">Pariyādinnavaṭṭe</span>ti tasseva vevacanaṃ, pariyādinnasabbakammavaṭṭeti attho. <span class="bld">Sabbadukkhavītivatte</span>ti sabbaṃ vipākavaṭṭasaṅkhātaṃ dukkhaṃ vītivatte<a name="M2.0019"></a>. <span class="bld">Anussarissatī</span>ti idaṃ <span class="bld">yatrā</span>ti nipātavasena anāgatavacanaṃ, attho panettha atītavasena veditabbo. Bhagavā hi te buddhe anussari, na idāni anussarissati. <span class="bld">Evaṃsīlā</span>ti <a name="P2.0426"></a> maggasīlena phalasīlena lokiyalokuttarasīlena evaṃsīlā. <span class="bld">Evaṃdhammā</span>ti ettha samādhipakkhā dhammā adhippetā, maggasamādhinā phalasamādhinā lokiyalokuttarasamādhinā, evaṃsamādhayoti attho. <span class="bld">Evaṃpaññā</span>ti maggapaññādivaseneva evaṃpaññā. <span class="bld">Evaṃvihārī</span>ti ettha pana heṭṭhā samādhipakkhānaṃ dhammānaṃ gahitattā vihāro gahitova puna kasmā gahitameva gaṇhātīti ce; na idaṃ gahitameva, idañhi nirodhasamāpattidīpanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Tasmā evaṃ nirodhasamāpattivihārī te bhagavanto ahesunti evamettha attho daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evaṃvimuttā</span>ti ettha vikkhambhanavimutti, tadaṅgavimutti, samucchedavimutti, paṭippassaddhivimutti, nissaraṇavimuttīti pañcavidhā vimutti. Tattha aṭṭha samāpattiyo sayaṃ vikkhambhitehi nīvaraṇādīhi vimuttattā <span class="bld">vikkhambhanavimuttī</span>ti saṅkhyaṃ gacchanti. Aniccānupassanādikā sattānupassanā sayaṃ tassa tassa paccanīkaṅgavasena pariccattāhi niccasaññādīhi vimuttattā <span class="bld">tadaṅgavimuttī</span>ti saṅkhyaṃ gacchanti. Cattāro ariyamaggā sayaṃ samucchinnehi kilesehi vimuttattā <span class="bld">samucchedavimuttī</span>ti saṅkhyaṃ gacchanti. Cattāri sāmaññaphalāni maggānubhāvena kilesānaṃ paṭippassaddhante uppannattā <span class="bld">paṭippassaddhivimuttī</span>ti saṅkhyaṃ gacchanti. Nibbānaṃ sabbakilesehi nissaṭattā apagatattā dūre ṭhitattā <span class="bld">nissaraṇavimuttī</span>ti saṅkhyaṃ gacchati. Iti imāsaṃ pañcannaṃ vimuttīnaṃ vasena – ‘‘evaṃ vimuttā’’ti ettha attho daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para14"></a><a name="para14_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">14</span>. <span class="bld">Paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito</span>ti ekībhāvā vuṭṭhito.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para16"></a><a name="para16_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">16</span>. <span class="bld">‘‘Ito so, bhikkhave’’</span>ti ko anusandhi? Idañhi suttaṃ – ‘‘tathāgatassevesā, bhikkhave, dhammadhātu suppaṭividdhā’’ti ca ‘‘devatāpi tathāgatassa etamatthaṃ ārocesu’’nti ca imehi dvīhi padehi ābaddhaṃ. Tattha devatārocanapadaṃ suttantapariyosāne devacārikakolāhalaṃ dassento vicāressati<a name="P2.0427"></a>. Dhammadhātupadānusandhivasena pana ayaṃ desanā <a name="M2.0020"></a> āraddhā. Tattha <span class="bld">khattiyo jātiyā</span>tiādīni ekādasapadāni nidānakaṇḍe vuttanayeneva veditabbāni.</p>
<p class="subhead">Bodhisattadhammatāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para17"></a><a name="para17_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">17</span>. <span class="bld">Atha</span> <a name="V2.0018"></a> <span class="bld">kho, bhikkhave, vipassī bodhisatto</span>tiādīsu pana <span class="bld">vipassī</span>ti tassa nāmaṃ, tañca kho vividhe atthe passanakusalatāya laddhaṃ. <span class="bld">Bodhisatto</span>ti paṇḍitasatto bujjhanakasatto. Bodhisaṅkhātesu vā catūsu maggesu satto āsatto laggamānasoti bodhisatto. <span class="bld">Sato sampajāno</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">sato</span>ti satiyeva. <span class="bld">Sampajāno</span>ti ñāṇaṃ. Satiṃ sūpaṭṭhitaṃ katvā ñāṇena paricchinditvā mātukucchiṃ okkamīti attho. <span class="bld">Okkamī</span>ti iminā cassa okkantabhāvo pāḷiyaṃ dassito, na okkamanakkamo. So pana yasmā aṭṭhakathaṃ ārūḷho, tasmā evaṃ veditabbo –</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sabbabodhisattā hi samatiṃsa pāramiyo pūretvā, pañca mahāpariccāge pariccajitvā, ñātatthacariyalokatthacariyabuddhacariyānaṃ koṭiṃ patvā, vessantarasadise tatiye attabhāve ṭhatvā, satta mahādānāni datvā, sattakkhattuṃ pathaviṃ kampetvā, kālaṅkatvā, dutiyacittavāre tusitabhavane nibbattanti. Vipassī bodhisattopi tatheva katvā tusitapure nibbattitvā saṭṭhisatasahassādhikā sattapaññāsa vassakoṭiyo tattha aṭṭhāsi. Aññadā pana dīghāyukadevaloke nibbattā bodhisattā na yāvatāyukaṃ tiṭṭhanti. Kasmā? Tattha pāramīnaṃ duppūraṇīyattā. Te adhimuttikālakiriyaṃ katvā manussapatheyeva nibbattanti. Pāramīnaṃ pūrento pana yathā idāni ekena attabhāvena sabbaññutaṃ upanetuṃ sakkonti, evaṃ sabbaso pūritattā tadā vipassī bodhisatto tattha yāvatāyukaṃ aṭṭhāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Devatānaṃ pana – ‘‘manussānaṃ gaṇanāvasena idāni sattahi divasehi cuti bhavissatī’’ti <span class="bld">pañca pubbanimittāni</span> uppajjanti – mālā milāyanti, vatthāni kilissanti, kacchehi sedā muccanti, kāye dubbaṇṇiyaṃ okkamati, devo devāsane na saṇṭhāti. Tattha <a name="P2.0428"></a> <span class="bld">mālā</span>ti paṭisandhiggahaṇadivase piḷandhanamālā<a name="M2.0021"></a>, tā kira saṭṭhisatasahassādhikā sattapaṇṇāsa vassakoṭiyo amilāyitvā tadā milāyanti. Vatthesupi eseva nayo. Ettakaṃ pana kālaṃ devānaṃ neva sītaṃ na uṇhaṃ hoti, tasmiṃ kāle sarīrā bindubinduvasena sedā muccanti. Ettakañca kālaṃ tesaṃ sarīre khaṇḍiccapāliccādivasena vivaṇṇatā na paññāyati, devadhītā soḷasavassuddesikā viya khāyanti, devaputtā vīsativassuddesikā viya khāyanti, maraṇakāle pana tesaṃ kilantarūpo attabhāvo hoti. Ettakañca tesaṃ kālaṃ devaloke ukkaṇṭhitā nāma natthi, maraṇakāle pana nissasanti vijambhanti, sake āsane nābhiramanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Imāni <a name="V2.0019"></a> pana pubbanimittāni yathā loke mahāpuññānaṃ rājarājamahāmattādīnaṃyeva ukkāpātabhūmicālacandaggāhādīni nimittāni paññāyanti, na sabbesaṃ; evaṃ mahesakkhadevatānaṃyeva paññāyanti, na sabbesaṃ. Yathā ca manussesu pubbanimittāni nakkhattapāṭhakādayova jānanti, na sabbe; evaṃ tānipi na sabbadevatā jānanti, paṇḍitā eva pana jānanti. Tattha ye mandena kusalakammena nibbattā devaputtā, te tesu uppannesu – ‘‘idāni ko jānāti, ‘kuhiṃ nibbattessāmā’ti’’ bhāyanti. Ye mahāpuññā, te ‘‘amhehi dinnaṃ dānaṃ, rakkhitaṃ sīlaṃ, bhāvitaṃ bhāvanaṃ āgamma upari devalokesu sampattiṃ anubhavissāmā’’ti na bhāyanti. Vipassī bodhisattopi tāni pubbanimittāni disvā ‘‘idāni anantare attabhāve buddho bhavissāmī’’ti na bhāyati. Athassa tesu nimittesu pātubhūtesu dasasahassacakkavāḷadevatā sannipatitvā – ‘‘mārisa, tumhehi dasa pāramiyo pūrentehi na sakkasampattiṃ, na mārasampattiṃ, na brahmasampattiṃ, na cakkavattisampattiṃ patthentehi pūritā, lokanittharaṇatthāya pana buddhattaṃ patthayamānehi pūritā. So vo, idāni kālo, mārisa, buddhattāya, samayo, mārisa, buddhattāyā’’ti yācanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha mahāsatto tāsaṃ devatānaṃ paṭiññaṃ adatvāva kāladīpadesakulajanettiāyuparicchedavasena pañcamahāvilokanaṃ nāma vilokesi. Tattha ‘‘kālo nu kho, na kālo’’ti paṭhamaṃ kālaṃ vilokesi. Tattha <a name="P2.0429"></a> vassasatasahassato uddhaṃ vaḍḍhitaāyukālo kālo nāma na hoti. Kasmā? Tadā hi sattānaṃ jātijarāmaraṇāni na <a name="M2.0022"></a> paññāyanti, buddhānañca dhammadesanā nāma tilakkhaṇamuttā natthi. Te tesaṃ – ‘‘aniccaṃ dukkhamanattā’’ti kathentānaṃ – ‘‘kiṃ nāmetaṃ kathentī’’ti neva sotuṃ, na saddahituṃ maññanti, tato abhisamayo na hoti, tasmiṃ asati aniyyānikaṃ sāsanaṃ hoti. Tasmā so akālo. Vassasatato ūnaāyukālopi kālo na hoti. Kasmā? Tadā hi sattā ussannakilesā honti, ussannakilesānañca dinno ovādo ovādaṭṭhāne na tiṭṭhati, udake daṇḍarāji viya khippaṃ vigacchati. Tasmā sopi akālova. Vassasatasahassato paṭṭhāya heṭṭhā, vassasatato paṭṭhāya uddhaṃ āyukālo kālo nāma, tadā ca asītivassasahassāyukā manussā. Atha mahāsatto – ‘‘nibbattitabbakālo’’ti kālaṃ passi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tato dīpaṃ vilokento saparivāre cattāro dīpe oloketvā – ‘‘tīsu dīpesu buddhā na nibbattanti, jambudīpeyeva nibbattantī’’ti dīpaṃ passi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tato <a name="V2.0020"></a> – ‘‘jambudīpo nāma mahā, dasayojanasahassaparimāṇo, katarasmiṃ nu kho padese buddhā nibbattantī’’ti desaṃ vilokento majjhimadesaṃ passi. Majjhimadeso nāma – ‘‘puratthimāya disāya gajaṅgalaṃ nāma nigamo’’tiādinā (mahāva. 259) nayena vinaye vuttova. So āyāmato tīṇi yojanasatāni, vitthārato aḍḍhateyyāni, parikkhepato navayojanasatānīti. Etasmiñhi padese buddhā paccekabuddhā aggasāvakā asīti mahāsāvakā cakkavattirājāno aññe ca mahesakkhā khattiyabrāhmaṇagahapatimahāsālā uppajjanti. Idañcettha bandhumatī nāma nagaraṃ, tattha mayā nibbattitabbanti niṭṭhaṃ agamāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tato kulaṃ vilokento – ‘‘buddhā nāma lokasammate kule nibbattanti. Idāni ca khattiyakulaṃ lokasammataṃ, tattha nibbattissāmi, bandhumā nāma me rājā pitā bhavissatī’’ti kulaṃ passi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tato <a name="P2.0430"></a> mātaraṃ vilokento – ‘‘buddhamātā nāma lolā surādhuttā na hoti, kappasatasahassaṃ pūritapāramī, jātito paṭṭhāya akhaṇḍapañcasīlā hoti, ayañca bandhumatī nāma devī īdisā, ayaṃ me mātā bhavissati<a name="M2.0023"></a>, ‘‘kittakaṃ panassā āyū’’ti āvajjanto ‘‘dasannaṃ māsānaṃ upari satta divasānī’’ti passi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Iti imaṃ pañcamahāvilokanaṃ viloketvā ‘‘kālo, me mārisā, buddhabhāvāyā’’ti devatānaṃ saṅgahaṃ karonto paṭiññaṃ datvā – ‘‘gacchatha, tumhe’’ti tā devatā uyyojetvā tusitadevatāhi parivuto tusitapure nandanavanaṃ pāvisi. Sabbadevalokesu hi nandanavanaṃ atthiyeva. Tatra naṃ devatā ito cuto sugatiṃ gacchāti pubbekatakusalakammokāsaṃ sārayamānā vicaranti. So evaṃ devatāhi kusalaṃ sārayamānāhi parivuto tattha vicarantoyeva cavi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ cuto ca ‘cavāmī’ti jānāti, cuticittaṃ na jānāti. Paṭisandhiṃ gahetvāpi jānāti, paṭisandhicittameva na jānāti. ‘‘Imasmiṃ me ṭhāne paṭisandhiṃ gahitā’’ti evaṃ pana jānāti. Keci pana therā – ‘‘āvajjanapariyāyo nāma laddhuṃ vaṭṭati, dutiyatatiyacittavāre eva jānissatī’’ti vadanti. Tipiṭakamahāsīvatthero pana āha – ‘‘mahāsattānaṃ paṭisandhi na aññesaṃ paṭisandhisadisā, koṭippattaṃ pana tesaṃ satisampajaññaṃ. Yasmā pana teneva cittena taṃ cittaṃ ñātuṃ na sakkā, tasmā cuticittaṃ na jānāti. Cutikkhaṇepi ‘cavāmī’ti jānāti. Paṭisandhicittaṃ na jānāti. ‘Asukasmiṃ me ṭhāne paṭisandhi gahitā’ti jānāti, tasmiṃ <a name="V2.0021"></a> kāle dasasahassilokadhātu kampatī’’ti. Evaṃ sato sampajāno mātukucchiṃ okkamanto pana ekūnavīsatiyā paṭisandhicittesu mettāpubbabhāgassa somanassasahagatañāṇasampayuttaasaṅkhārikakusalacittassa sadisamahāvipākacittena paṭisandhi gaṇhi. Mahāsīvatthero pana upekkhāsahagatenāti āha. Yathā <a name="P2.0431"></a> ca amhākaṃ bhagavā, evaṃ sopi āsāḷhīpuṇṇamāyaṃ uttarāsāḷhanakkhatteneva paṭisandhiṃ aggahesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tadā kira pure puṇṇamāya sattamadivasato paṭṭhāya vigatasurāpānaṃ mālāgandhādivibhūtisampannaṃ nakkhattakīḷaṃ anubhavamānā bodhisattamātā sattame divase pāto uṭṭhāya gandhodakena nahāyitvā sabbālaṅkāravibhūsitā varabhojanaṃ bhuñjitvā uposathaṅgāni adhiṭṭhāya sirigabbhaṃ pavisitvā sirisayane nipannā niddaṃ okkamamānā idaṃ supinaṃ addasa – ‘‘cattāro kira <a name="M2.0024"></a> naṃ mahārājāno sayaneneva saddhiṃ ukkhipitvā anotattadahaṃ netvā nahāpetvā dibbavatthaṃ nivāsetvā dibbagandhehi vilimpetvā dibbapupphāni piḷandhitvā, tato avidūre rajatapabbato, tassa anto kanakavimānaṃ atthi, tasmiṃ pācīnato sīsaṃ katvā nipajjāpesuṃ. Atha bodhisatto setavaravāraṇo hutvā tato avidūre eko suvaṇṇapabbato, tattha caritvā tato oruyha rajatapabbataṃ abhiruhitvā kanakavimānaṃ pavisitvā mātaraṃ padakkhiṇaṃ katvā dakkhiṇapassaṃ phāletvā kucchiṃ paviṭṭhasadiso ahosi’’.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha pabuddhā devī taṃ supinaṃ rañño ārocesi. Rājā vibhātāya rattiyā catusaṭṭhimatte brāhmaṇapāmokkhe pakkosāpetvā haritūpalittāya lājādīhi katamaṅgalasakkārāya bhūmiyā mahārahāni āsanāni paññapetvā tattha nisinnānaṃ brāhmaṇānaṃ sappimadhusakkarābhisaṅkhatassa varapāyāsassa suvaṇṇarajatapātiyo pūretvā suvaṇṇarajatapātīheva paṭikujjitvā adāsi, aññehi ca ahatavatthakapilagāvīdānādīhi nesaṃ santappesi. Atha nesaṃ sabbakāmasantappitānaṃ taṃ supinaṃ ārocetvā – ‘‘kiṃ bhavissatī’’ti pucchi. Brāhmaṇā āhaṃsu – ‘‘mā cintayi, mahārāja, deviyā te kucchimhi gabbho patiṭṭhito, so ca kho purisagabbho na itthigabbho, putto te bhavissati. So sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasissati, rājā bhavissati cakkavattī. Sace agārā nikkhamma pabbajissati, buddho bhavissati loke vivaṭṭacchado’’ti. Ayaṃ tāva – ‘‘mātukucchiṃ okkamī’’ti ettha vaṇṇanākkamo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ayamettha</span> <a name="P2.0432"></a> <span class="bld">dhammatā</span>ti ayaṃ ettha mātukucchiokkamane dhammatā, ayaṃ sabhāvo, ayaṃ niyāmoti <a name="V2.0022"></a> vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Niyāmo</span> ca nāmesa kammaniyāmo, utuniyāmo, bījaniyāmo, cittaniyāmo, dhammaniyāmoti pañcavidho (dha. sa. aṭṭha. 498).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha kusalassa iṭṭhavipākadānaṃ, akusalassa aniṭṭhavipākadānanti ayaṃ <span class="bld">kammaniyāmo.</span> Tassa dīpanatthaṃ – ‘‘na antalikkhe’’ti (khu. pā. 127) gāthāya vatthūni vattabbāni. Apica ekā kira itthī sāmikena saddhiṃ bhaṇḍitvā ubbandhitvā maritukāmā <a name="M2.0025"></a> rajjupāse gīvaṃ pavesesi. Aññataro puriso vāsiṃ nisento taṃ itthikammaṃ disvā rajjuṃ chinditukāmo – ‘‘mā bhāyi, mā bhāyī’’ti taṃ samassāsento upadhāvi. Rajju āsīviso hutvā aṭṭhāsi. So bhīto palāyi. Itarā tattheva mari. Evamādīni cettha vatthūni dassetabbāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tesu tesu janapadesu tasmiṃ tasmiṃ kāle ekappahāreneva rukkhānaṃ pupphaphalagahaṇādīni, vātassa vāyanaṃ avāyanaṃ, ātapassa tikkhatā mandatā, devassa vassanaṃ avassanaṃ, padumānaṃ divā vikasanaṃ rattiṃ milāyananti evamādi <span class="bld">utuniyāmo.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext">Yaṃ panetaṃ sālibījato sāliphalameva, madhurato madhurasaṃyeva, tittato tittarasaṃyeva phalaṃ hoti, ayaṃ <span class="bld">bījaniyāmo.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext">Purimā purimā cittacetasikā dhammā pacchimānaṃ pacchimānaṃ cittacetasikānaṃ dhammānaṃ upanissayapaccayena paccayoti evaṃ yadetaṃ cakkhuviññāṇādīnaṃ anantarā sampaṭicchanādīnaṃ nibbattanaṃ, ayaṃ <span class="bld">cittaniyāmo.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext">Yā panesā bodhisattānaṃ mātukucchiokkamanādīsu dasasahassilokadhātukampanādīnaṃ pavatti, ayaṃ <span class="bld">dhammaniyāmo</span> nāma. Tesu idha dhammaniyāmo adhippeto. Tasmā tamevatthaṃ dassento <span class="bld">dhammatā esā bhikkhave</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para18"></a><a name="para18_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">18</span>. Tattha <span class="bld">kucchiṃ okkamatī</span>ti ettha kucchiṃ okkanto hotīti ayamevattho<a name="P2.0433"></a>. Okkante hi tasmiṃ evaṃ hoti, na okkamamāne. <span class="bld">Appamāṇo</span>ti vuḍḍhippamāṇo, vipuloti attho. <span class="bld">Uḷāro</span>ti tasseva vevacanaṃ. Uḷārāni uḷārāni khādanīyāni khādantītiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.399) hi madhuraṃ uḷāranti vuttaṃ. Uḷārāya khalu bhavaṃ vacchāyano samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ pasaṃsāya pasaṃsatītiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.288) seṭṭhaṃ uḷāranti vuttaṃ. Idha pana vipulaṃ <a name="V2.0023"></a> adhippetaṃ. <span class="bld">Devānaṃ devānubhāva</span>nti ettha devānaṃ ayamānubhāvo nivatthavatthassa pabhā dvādasayojanāni pharati, tathā sarīrassa, tathā alaṅkārassa, tathā vimānassa, taṃ atikkamitvāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Lokantarikā</span>ti <a name="M2.0026"></a> tiṇṇaṃ tiṇṇaṃ cakkavāḷānaṃ antarā ekeko lokantariko hoti, tiṇṇaṃ sakaṭacakkānaṃ vā tiṇṇaṃ pattānaṃ vā aññamaññaṃ āhacca ṭhapitānaṃ majjhe okāso viya. So pana lokantarikanirayo parimāṇato aṭṭhayojanasahasso hoti. <span class="bld">Aghā</span>ti niccavivaṭā. <span class="bld">Asaṃvutā</span>ti heṭṭhāpi appatiṭṭhā. <span class="bld">Andhakārā</span>ti tamabhūtā. <span class="bld">Andhakāratimisā</span>ti cakkhuviññāṇuppattinivāraṇato andhabhāvakaraṇatimisena samannāgatā. Tattha kira cakkhuviññāṇaṃ na jāyati. <span class="bld">Evaṃmahiddhikā</span>ti candimasūriyā kira ekappahāreneva tīsu dīpesu paññāyanti, evaṃ mahiddhikā. Ekekāya disāya nava nava yojanasatasahassāni andhakāraṃ vidhamitvā ālokaṃ dassenti, <span class="bld">evaṃmahānubhāvā. Ābhāya nānubhontī</span>ti attano pabhāya nappahonti. Te kira cakkavāḷapabbatassa vemajjhena vicaranti, cakkavāḷapabbatañca atikkamma lokantarikanirayā. Tasmā te tattha ābhāya nappahonti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yepi tattha sattā</span>ti yepi tasmiṃ lokantarikamahāniraye sattā uppannā. Kiṃ pana kammaṃ katvā tattha uppajjantīti. Bhāriyaṃ dāruṇaṃ mātāpitūnaṃ dhammikasamaṇabrāhmaṇānañca upari aparādhaṃ, aññañca divase divase pāṇavadhādisāhasikakammaṃ katvā uppajjanti, tambapaṇṇidīpe abhayacoranāgacorādayo viya. Tesaṃ attabhāvo tigāvutiko hoti, vaggulīnaṃ viya dīghanakhā honti. Te rukkhe vagguliyo viya nakhehi cakkavāḷapabbate lagganti. Yadā <a name="P2.0434"></a> saṃsappantā aññamaññassa hatthapāsaṃ gatā honti, atha ‘‘bhakkho no laddho’’ti maññamānā tattha vāvaṭā viparivattitvā lokasandhārakaudake patanti, vāte paharantepi madhukaphalāni viya chijjitvā udake patanti, patitamattāva accantakhāre udake piṭṭhapiṇḍi viya vilīyanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aññepi kira bho santi sattā</span>ti bho yathā mayaṃ mahādukkhaṃ anubhavāma, evaṃ aññe kira sattāpi imaṃ dukkhamanubhavanatthāya idhūpapannāti taṃ divasaṃ passanti. Ayaṃ pana obhāso ekayāgupānamattampi na tiṭṭhati, accharāsaṅghāṭamattameva vijjobhāso viya niccharitvā – ‘‘kiṃ ida’’nti bhaṇantānaṃyeva antaradhāyati. <span class="bld">Saṅkampatī</span>ti samantato kampati. Itaradvayaṃ purimapadasseva vevacanaṃ. Puna <span class="bld">appamāṇo cā</span>tiādi nigamanatthaṃ vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para19"></a><a name="para19_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">19</span>. <span class="bld">Cattāro</span> <a name="V2.0024"></a><a name="M2.0027"></a> <span class="bld">naṃ devaputtā cātuddisaṃ rakkhāya upagacchantī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">cattāro</span>ti catunnaṃ mahārājānaṃ vasena vuttaṃ. Dasasahassacakkavāḷesu pana cattāro cattāro katvā cattālīsasahassāni honti. Tattha imasmiṃ cakkavāḷe mahārājāno khaggahatthā bodhisattassa ārakkhatthāya upagantvā sirigabbhaṃ paviṭṭhā, itare gabbhadvārato paṭṭhāya avaruddhake paṃsupisācakādiyakkhagaṇe paṭikkamāpetvā yāva cakkavāḷā ārakkhaṃ gaṇhiṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kimatthāya panāyaṃ rakkhā? Nanu paṭisandhikkhaṇe kalalakālato paṭṭhāya sacepi koṭisatasahassamārā koṭisatasahassasineruṃ ukkhipitvā bodhisattassa vā bodhisattamātuyā vā antarāyakaraṇatthaṃ āgaccheyyuṃ, sabbe antarāva antaradhāyeyyuṃ. Vuttampi cetaṃ bhagavatā ruhiruppādavatthusmiṃ – ‘‘aṭṭhānametaṃ, bhikkhave, anavakāso, yaṃ parupakkamena tathāgataṃ jīvitā voropeyya. Anupakkamena, bhikkhave, tathāgatā parinibbāyanti. Gacchatha, tumhe bhikkhave, yathāvihāraṃ, arakkhiyā, bhikkhave tathāgatā’’ti (cūḷava. 341). Evameva, tena parupakkamena na tesaṃ jīvitantarāyo <a name="P2.0435"></a> atthi, santi kho pana amanussā virūpā duddasikā bheravarūpā migapakkhino, yesaṃ rūpaṃ vā disvā saddaṃ vā sutvā bodhisattamātu bhayaṃ vā santāso vā uppajjeyya, tesaṃ nivāraṇatthāya rakkhaṃ aggahesuṃ. Apica bodhisattassa puññatejena sañjātagāravā attano gāravacoditāpi te evamakaṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kiṃ pana te antogabbhaṃ pavisitvā ṭhitā cattāro mahārājāno bodhisattassa mātuyā attānaṃ dassenti, na dassentīti? Nahānamaṇḍanabhojanādisarīrakiccakāle na dassenti, sirigabbhaṃ pavisitvā varasayane nipannakāle pana dassenti. Tattha kiñcāpi amanussadassanaṃ nāma manussānaṃ sappaṭibhayaṃ hoti, bodhisattassa mātā pana attano ceva puttassa ca puññānubhāvena te disvā na bhāyati, pakatiantepurapālakesu viya assā etesu cittaṃ uppajjati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para20"></a><a name="para20_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">20</span>. <span class="bld">Pakatiyā sīlavatī</span>ti sabhāveneva sīlasampannā. Anuppanne kira buddhe manussā tāpasaparibbājakānaṃ santike vanditvā ukkuṭikaṃ nisīditvā sīlaṃ gaṇhanti. Bodhisattamātāpi kāladevilassa isino santike <a name="M2.0028"></a> sīlaṃ gaṇhāti. Bodhisatte pana kucchigate aññassa pādamūle nisīdituṃ nāma na sakkā, samānāsane nisīditvā gahitasīlampi āvajjanakaraṇamattaṃ hoti. Tasmā sayameva sīlaṃ aggahesīti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para21"></a><a name="para21_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">21</span>. <span class="bld">Purisesū</span>ti <a name="V2.0025"></a> bodhisattassa pitaraṃ ādiṃ katvā kesuci manussesu purisādhippāyacittaṃ nuppajjati. Bodhisattamāturūpaṃ pana kusalā sippikā potthakammādīsupi kātuṃ na sakkonti. Taṃ disvā purisassa rāgo nuppajjatīti na sakkā vattuṃ, sace pana taṃ rattacitto upasaṅkamitukāmo hoti, pādā na vahanti, dibbasaṅkhalikā viya bajjhanti. Tasmā ‘‘anatikkamanīyā’’tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para22"></a><a name="para22_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">22</span>. <span class="bld">Pañcannaṃ kāmaguṇāna</span>nti pubbe kāmaguṇūpasañhitanti iminā purisādhippāyavasena vatthupaṭikkhepo kato, idha ārammaṇappaṭilābho dassito. Tadā kira deviyā evarūpo putto kucchiṃ upapannoti sutvā samantato rājāno <a name="P2.0436"></a> mahagghaābharaṇatūriyādivasena pañcadvārārammaṇavatthubhūtaṃ paṇṇākāraṃ pesenti. Bodhisattassa ca bodhisattamātu ca katakammassa ussannattā lābhasakkārassa pamāṇaparicchedo natthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para23"></a><a name="para23_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">23</span>. <span class="bld">Akilantakāyā</span>ti yathā aññā itthiyo gabbhabhārena kilamanti hatthapādā uddhumātatādīni pāpuṇanti, evaṃ tassā koci kilamatho nāhosi. <span class="bld">Tirokucchigata</span>nti antokucchigataṃ. <span class="bld">Passatī</span>ti kalalādikālaṃ atikkamitvā sañjātaaṅgapaccaṅgaahīnindriyabhāvaṃ upagataṃyeva passati. Kimatthaṃ passati? Sukhavāsatthaṃyeva. Yatheva hi mātā puttena saddhiṃ nipannā vā nisinnā vā – ‘‘hatthaṃ vāssa pādaṃ vā olambantaṃ ukkhipitvā saṇṭhapessāmī’’ti sukhavāsatthaṃ puttaṃ oloketi, evaṃ bodhisattamātāpi yaṃ taṃ mātu uṭṭhānagamanaparivattananisajjādīsu uṇhasītaloṇikatittakakaṭukāhāraajjhoharaṇakālesu ca gabbhassa dukkhaṃ uppajjati, ‘‘atthi nu kho me taṃ puttassā’’ti sukhavāsatthaṃ olokayamānā pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā nisinnaṃ bodhisattaṃ passati. Yathā hi aññe antokucchigatā pakkāsayaṃ avattharitvā āmāsayaṃ ukkhipitvā udarapaṭalaṃ piṭṭhito katvā piṭṭhikaṇḍakaṃ nissāya ukkuṭikaṃ dvīsu muṭṭhīsu hanukaṃ ṭhapetvā deve <a name="M2.0029"></a> vassante rukkhasusire makkaṭā viya nisīdanti, na evaṃ bodhisatto, bodhisatto pana piṭṭhikaṇḍakaṃ piṭṭhito katvā dhammāsane dhammakathiko viya pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā puratthābhimukho nisīdati. Pubbekatakammaṃ panassā vatthuṃ sodheti, suddhe vatthumhi sukhumacchavilakkhaṇaṃ nibbattati. Atha naṃ kucchitaco paṭicchādetuṃ na sakkoti, olokentiyā bahiṭhito viya paññāyati. Tamatthaṃ upamāya vibhāvento bhagavā <span class="bld">seyyathāpī</span>tiādimāha. Bodhisatto pana antokucchigato mātaraṃ na passati. Na hi antokucchiyaṃ cakkhuviññāṇaṃ uppajjati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para24"></a><a name="para24_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">24</span>. <span class="bld">Kālaṅkarotī</span>ti <a name="V2.0026"></a> na vijātabhāvapaccayā, āyuparikkhayeneva. Bodhisattena vasitaṭṭhānañhi cetiyakuṭisadisaṃ hoti, aññesaṃ aparibhogārahaṃ, na ca sakkā bodhisattamātaraṃ <a name="P2.0437"></a> apanetvā aññaṃ aggamahesiṭṭhāne ṭhapetunti tattakaṃyeva bodhisattamātu āyuppamāṇaṃ hoti, tasmā tadā kālaṅkaroti. Katarasmiṃ pana vaye kālaṃ karotīti? Majjhimavaye. Paṭhamavayasmiñhi sattānaṃ attabhāve chandarāgo balavā hoti, tena tadā sañjātagabbhā itthī gabbhaṃ anurakkhituṃ na sakkoti, gabbho bahvābādho hoti. Majjhimavayassa pana dve koṭṭhāse atikkamma tatiye koṭṭhāse vatthu visadaṃ hoti, visade vatthumhi nibbattadārakā arogā honti, tasmā bodhisattamātāpi paṭhamavaye sampattiṃ anubhavitvā majjhimavayassa tatiye koṭṭhāse vijāyitvā kālaṃ karotīti ayamettha dhammatā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para25"></a><a name="para25_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">25</span>. <span class="bld">Nava vā dasa vā</span>ti ettha vā saddassa vikappanavasena satta vā aṭṭha vā ekādasa vā dvādasa vāti evamādīnaṃ saṅgaho veditabbo. Tattha sattamāsajāto jīvati, sītuṇhakkhamo pana na hoti. Aṭṭhamāsajāto na jīvati, avasesā jīvanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para27"></a><a name="para27_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">27</span>. <span class="bld">Devā paṭhamaṃ paṭiggaṇhantī</span>ti khīṇāsavā suddhāvāsabrahmāno paṭiggaṇhanti. Kathaṃ paṭiggaṇhanti? ‘‘Sūtivesaṃ gaṇhitvā’’ti eke. Taṃ pana paṭikkhipitvā idaṃ vuttaṃ – ‘tadā bodhisattamātā suvaṇṇakhacitaṃ vatthaṃ nivāsetvā macchakkhisadisaṃ dukūlapaṭaṃ yāva pādantā pārupitvā aṭṭhāsi. Athassā sallahukagabbhavuṭṭhānaṃ ahosi, dhamakaraṇato udakanikkhamanasadisaṃ. Atha te pakatibrahmaveseneva upasaṅkamitvā paṭhamaṃ suvaṇṇajālena <a name="M2.0030"></a> paṭiggahesuṃ. Tesaṃ hatthato cattāro mahārājāno ajinappaveṇiyā paṭiggahesuṃ. Tato manussā dukūlacumbaṭakena paṭiggahesuṃ’. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘devā paṭhamaṃ paṭiggaṇhanti, pacchā manussā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para28"></a><a name="para28_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">28</span>. <span class="bld">Cattāro naṃ devaputtā</span>ti cattāro mahārājāno. <span class="bld">Paṭiggahetvā</span>ti ajinappaveṇiyā paṭiggahetvā. <span class="bld">Mahesakkho</span>ti mahātejo mahāyaso lakkhaṇasampanno.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para29"></a><a name="para29_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">29</span>. <span class="bld">Visadova nikkhamatī</span>ti yathā aññe sattā yonimagge laggantā bhaggavibhaggā nikkhamanti, na evaṃ nikkhamati, alaggo <a name="P2.0438"></a> hutvā nikkhamatīti attho <span class="bld">udenā</span>ti udakena. <span class="bld">Kenaci asucinā</span>ti yathā aññe sattā kammajavātehi uddhaṃpādā adhosirā yonimagge pakkhittā sataporisaṃ narakapapātaṃ patantā viya, tāḷacchiddena nikkaḍḍhiyamānā hatthī viya mahādukkhaṃ anubhavantā nānāasucimakkhitāva nikkhamanti, na evaṃ bodhisatto. Bodhisattañhi kammajavātā <a name="V2.0027"></a> uddhapādaṃ adhosiraṃ kātuṃ na sakkonti. So dhammāsanato otaranto dhammakathiko viya, nisseṇito otaranto puriso viya ca dve hatthe ca dve pāde ca pasāretvā ṭhitakova mātukucchisambhavena kenaci asucinā amakkhitova nikkhamati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Udakassa dhārā</span>ti udakavaṭṭiyo. Tāsu sītā suvaṇṇakaṭāhe patati uṇhā rajatakaṭāhe. Idañca pathavitale kenaci asucinā asammissaṃ tesaṃ pānīyaparibhojanīyaudakañceva aññehi asādhāraṇaṃ kīḷāudakañca dassetuṃ vuttaṃ, aññassa pana suvaṇṇarajataghaṭehi āhariyamānaudakassa ceva haṃsavattakādipokkharaṇīgatassa ca udakassa paricchedo natthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para31"></a><a name="para31_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">31</span>. <span class="bld">Sampatijāto</span>ti muhuttajāto. Pāḷiyaṃ pana mātukucchito nikkhantamatto viya dassito, na evaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Nikkhantamattañhi naṃ paṭhamaṃ brahmāno suvaṇṇajālena paṭiggaṇhiṃsu, tesaṃ hatthato cattāro mahārājāno ajinappaveṇiyā, tesaṃ hatthato manussā dukūlacumbaṭakena. Manussānaṃ hatthato muccitvā pathaviyaṃ patiṭṭhito. <span class="bld">Setamhi chatte anudhāriyamāne</span>ti dibbasetacchatte anudhāriyamānamhi. Ettha ca chattassa parivārāni khaggādīni <a name="M2.0031"></a> pañca rājakakudhabhaṇḍānipi āgatāneva. Pāḷiyaṃ pana rājagamane rājā viya chattameva vuttaṃ. Tesu chattameva paññāyati, na chattaggāhako. Tathā khaggatālavaṇṭamorahatthakavāḷabījanīuṇhīsamattāyeva paññāyanti, na tesaṃ gāhakā. Sabbāni kira tāni adissamānarūpā devatā gaṇhiṃsu. Vuttañcetaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Anekasākhañca <a name="P2.0439"></a> sahassamaṇḍalaṃ,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Chattaṃ marū dhārayumantalikkhe;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Suvaṇṇadaṇḍā vipatanti cāmarā,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Na dissare cāmarachattagāhakā’’ti. (su. ni. 693);</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbā ca disā</span>ti idaṃ sattapadavītihārūpari ṭhitassa viya sabbadisānuvilokanaṃ vuttaṃ, na kho panevaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Mahāsatto hi manussānaṃ hatthato muccitvā paṭhaviyaṃ patiṭṭhito puratthimaṃ disaṃ olokesi. Anekāni cakkavāḷasahassāni ekaṅgaṇāni ahesuṃ. Tattha devamanussā gandhamālādīhi pūjayamānā – ‘‘mahāpurisa, idha tumhehi sadisopi natthi, kuto uttaritaro’’ti āhaṃsu. Evaṃ catasso disā, catasso anudisā, heṭṭhā, uparīti dasa disā anuviloketvā attanā sadisaṃ adisvā – ‘‘ayaṃ uttarā disā’’ti uttarābhimukho sattapadavītihārena agamāsīti evamettha attho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Āsabhi</span>nti uttamaṃ. <span class="bld">Aggo</span>ti guṇehi sabbapaṭhamo. Itarāni <a name="V2.0028"></a> dve padāni etasseva vevacanāni. <span class="bld">Ayamantimā jāti, natthi dāni punabbhavo</span>ti padadvayena imasmiṃ attabhāve pattabbaṃ arahattaṃ byākāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca samehi pādehi pathaviyā patiṭṭhānaṃ caturiddhipādapaṭilābhassa pubbanimittaṃ, uttarābhimukhabhāvo mahājanaṃ ajjhottharitvā abhibhavitvā gamanassa pubbanimittaṃ, sattapadagamanaṃ sattabojjhaṅgaratanapaṭilābhassa pubbanimittaṃ, dibbasetacchattadhāraṇaṃ vimuttivarachattapaṭilābhassa pubbanimittaṃ, pañcarājakakudhabhaṇḍānaṃ paṭilābho pañcahi vimuttīhi vimuccanassa pubbanimittaṃ, sabbadisānuvilokanaṃ anāvaraṇañāṇapaṭilābhassa pubbanimittaṃ, āsabhivācābhāsanaṃ appaṭivattiyadhammacakkappavattanassa pubbanimittaṃ, ‘‘ayamantimā jātī’’ti sīhanādo anupādisesāya nibbānadhātuyā parinibbānassa pubbanimittanti veditabbaṃ<a name="M2.0032"></a>. Ime <a name="P2.0440"></a> vārā pāḷiyaṃ āgatā, sambahulavāro pana nāgato, āharitvā dīpetabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Mahāpurisassa hi jātadivase dasasahassilokadhātu kampi. Dasasahassilokadhātumhi devatā ekacakkavāḷe sannipatiṃsu. Paṭhamaṃ devā paṭiggaṇhiṃsu, pacchā manussā. Tantibaddhā vīṇā cammabaddhā bheriyo ca kenaci avāditā sayameva vajjiṃsu. Manussānaṃ andubandhanādīni khaṇḍākhaṇḍaṃ chijjiṃsu. Sabbarogā vūpasamiṃsu, ambilena dhotatambamalaṃ viya vigacchiṃsu. Jaccandhā rūpāni passiṃsu. Jaccabadhirā saddaṃ suṇiṃsu. Pīṭhasappī javasampannā ahesuṃ. Jātijaḷānampi eḷamūgānaṃ sati patiṭṭhāsi. Videsapakkhandā nāvā supaṭṭanaṃ pāpuṇiṃsu. Ākāsaṭṭhakabhūmaṭṭhakaratanāni sakatejobhāsitāni ahesuṃ. Verino mettacittaṃ paṭilabhiṃsu. Avīcimhi aggi nibbāyi. Lokantaresu āloko udapādi. Nadīsu jalaṃ nappavattati. Mahāsamudde madhurasaṃ udakaṃ ahosi. Vāto na vāyi. Ākāsapabbatarukkhagatā sakuṇā bhassitvā pathavigatā ahesuṃ. Cando ativiroci. Sūriyo na uṇho, na sītalo, nimmalo utusampanno ahosi. Devatā attano attano vimānadvāre ṭhatvā apphoṭanaseḷanacelukkhepādīhi mahākīḷakaṃ kīḷiṃsu. Cātuddīpikamahāmegho vassi. Mahājanaṃ neva khudā na pipāsā pīḷesi. Dvārakavāṭāni sayameva vivariṃsu. Pupphūpagaphalūpagā rukkhā pupphaphalāni gaṇhiṃsu. Dasasahassilokadhātu ekaddhajamālā ahosi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatrāpi dasasahassilokadhātukampo sabbaññutaññāṇapaṭilābhassa pubbanimittaṃ. Devatānaṃ ekacakkavāḷe sannipāto dhammacakkappavattanakāle ekappahāreneva sannipatitvā dhammaṃ paṭiggaṇhanassa pubbanimittaṃ. Paṭhamaṃ devatānaṃ paṭiggahaṇaṃ catunnaṃ rūpāvacarajjhānānaṃ paṭilābhassa <a name="V2.0029"></a> pubbanimittaṃ. Pacchā manussānaṃ paṭiggahaṇaṃ <a name="P2.0441"></a> catunnaṃ arūpāvacarajjhānānaṃ paṭilābhassa pubbanimittaṃ. Tantibaddhavīṇānaṃ sayaṃ vajjanaṃ anupubbavihārapaṭilābhassa pubbanimittaṃ. Cammabaddhabherīnaṃ vajjanaṃ mahatiyā dhammabheriyā anussāvanassa pubbanimittaṃ. Andubandhanādīnaṃ chedo asmimānasamucchedassa pubbanimittaṃ. Mahājanassa rogavigamo catusaccapaṭilābhassa pubbanimittaṃ. Jaccandhānaṃ rūpadassanaṃ dibbacakkhupaṭilābhassa pubbanimittaṃ<a name="M2.0033"></a>. Badhirānaṃ saddassavanaṃ dibbasotadhātupaṭilābhassa pubbanimittaṃ. Pīṭhasappīnaṃ javasampadā caturiddhipādapaṭilābhassa pubbanimittaṃ. Jaḷānaṃ satipatiṭṭhānaṃ catusatipaṭṭhānapaṭilābhassa pubbanimittaṃ. Videsapakkhandanāvānaṃ supaṭṭanasampāpuṇanaṃ catupaṭisambhidādhigamassa pubbanimittaṃ. Ratanānaṃ sakatejobhāsitattaṃ yaṃ lokassa dhammobhāsaṃ dassessati, tassa pubbanimittaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Verīnaṃ mettacittapaṭilābho catubrahmavihārapaṭilābhassa pubbanimittaṃ. Avīcimhi agginibbāyanaṃ ekādasaagginibbāyanassa pubbanimittaṃ. Lokantarikāloko avijjandhakāraṃ vidhamitvā ñāṇālokadassanassa pubbanimittaṃ. Mahāsamuddassa madhuratā nibbānarasena ekarasabhāvassa pubbanimittaṃ. Vātassa avāyanaṃ dvāsaṭṭhidiṭṭhigatabhindanassa pubbanimittaṃ. Sakuṇānaṃ pathavigamanaṃ mahājanassa ovādaṃ sutvā pāṇehi saraṇagamanassa pubbanimittaṃ. Candassa ativirocanaṃ bahujanakantatāya pubbanimittaṃ. Sūriyassa uṇhasītavivajjanautusukhatā kāyikacetasikasukhappattiyā pubbanimittaṃ. Devatānaṃ vimānadvāresu ṭhatvā apphoṭanādīhi kīḷanaṃ buddhabhāvaṃ patvā udānaṃ udānassa pubbanimittaṃ. Cātuddīpikamahāmeghavassanaṃ mahato dhammameghavassanassa pubbanimittaṃ. Khudāpīḷanassa abhāvo kāyagatāsatiamatapaṭilābhassa pubbanimittaṃ. Pipāsāpīḷanassa abhāvo vimuttisukhena <a name="P2.0442"></a> sukhitabhāvassa pubbanimittaṃ. Dvārakavāṭānaṃ sayameva vivaraṇaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikamaggadvāravivaraṇassa pubbanimittaṃ. Rukkhānaṃ pupphaphalaggahaṇaṃ vimuttipupphehi pupphitassa ca sāmaññaphalabhārabharitabhāvassa ca pubbanimittaṃ. Dasasahassilokadhātuyā ekaddhajamālitā ariyaddhajamālamālitāya pubbanimittanti veditabbaṃ. Ayaṃ sambahulavāro nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha pañhaṃ pucchanti – ‘‘yadā mahāpuriso pathaviyaṃ patiṭṭhahitvā uttarābhimukho padasā gantvā āsabhiṃ vācaṃ abhāsi, tadā kiṃ pathaviyā gato, udāhu ākāsena; dissamāno gato, udāhu adissamāno; acelako gato, udāhu alaṅkatapaṭiyatto; daharo hutvā gato<a name="M2.0034"></a>, udāhu mahallako; pacchāpi kiṃ tādisova ahosi, udāhu puna bāladārako’’ti? Ayaṃ pana pañho heṭṭhālohapāsāde samuṭṭhito tipiṭakacūḷābhayattherena vissajjitova. Thero kira ettha niyatipubbekatakammaissaranimmānavādavasena <a name="V2.0030"></a> taṃ taṃ bahuṃ vatvā avasāne evaṃ byākari – ‘‘mahāpuriso pathaviyā gato, mahājanassa pana ākāsena gacchanto viya ahosi. Dissamāno gato, mahājanassa pana adissamāno viya ahosi. Acelako gato, mahājanassa pana alaṅkatapaṭiyatto viya upaṭṭhāsi. Daharova gato, mahājanassa pana soḷasavassuddesiko viya ahosi. Pacchā pana bāladārakova ahosi, na tādiso’’ti. Parisā cassa – ‘‘buddhena viya hutvā bho therena pañho kathito’’ti attamanā ahosi. Lokantarikavāro vuttanayo eva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Imā ca pana ādito paṭṭhāya kathitā sabbadhammatā sabbabodhisattānaṃ hontīti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Dvattiṃsamahāpurisalakkhaṇavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para33"></a><a name="para33_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">33</span>. <span class="bld">Addasa kho</span>ti dukūlacumbaṭake nipajjāpetvā ānītaṃ addasa. <span class="bld">Mahāpurisassā</span>ti jātigottakulapadesādivasena mahantassa purisassa. <span class="bld">Dve gatiyo</span>ti dve niṭṭhā, dve nipphattiyo. Ayañhi gatisaddo – ‘‘pañca kho imā, sāriputta, gatiyo’’ti (ma. ni. 1.153) ettha nirayādibhedāya sattehi gantabbagatiyā <a name="P2.0443"></a> vattati. ‘‘Imesaṃ kho ahaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ sīlavantānaṃ kalyāṇadhammānaṃ neva jānāmi āgatiṃ vā gatiṃ vā’’ti (ma. ni. 1.508) ettha ajjhāsaye. ‘‘Nibbānaṃ arahato gatī’’ti (pari. 339) ettha paṭissaraṇe. ‘‘Api ca tyāhaṃ brahme gatiñca pajānāmi, jutiñca pajānāmi evaṃmahiddhiko bako brahmā’’ti (ma. ni. 1.503) ettha nipphattiyaṃ vattati. Svāyamidhāpi nipphattiyaṃ vattatīti veditabbo. <span class="bld">Anaññā</span>ti aññā gati nipphatti nāma natthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dhammiko</span>ti dasakusaladhammasamannāgato agatigamanavirahito. <span class="bld">Dhammarājā</span>ti idaṃ purimapadasseva vevacanaṃ. Dhammena vā laddharajjattā dhammarājā. <span class="bld">Cāturanto</span>ti <a name="M2.0035"></a> puratthimasamuddādīnaṃ catunnaṃ samuddānaṃ vasena caturantāya pathaviyā issaro. <span class="bld">Vijitāvī</span>ti vijitasaṅgāmo. Janapado asmiṃ thāvariyaṃ thirabhāvaṃ pattoti <span class="bld">janapadatthāvariyappatto.</span> Caṇḍassa hi rañño balidaṇḍādīhi lokaṃ pīḷayato manussā majjhimajanapadaṃ chaḍḍetvā pabbatasamuddatīrādīni nissāya paccante vāsaṃ kappenti. Atimudukassa rañño corehi sāhasikadhanavilopapīḷitā manussā paccantaṃ pahāya janapadamajjhe vāsaṃ kappenti, iti evarūpe rājini janapado thirabhāvaṃ na pāpuṇāti. Imasmiṃ pana <a name="V2.0031"></a> kumāre rajjaṃ kārayamāne etassa janapado pāsāṇapiṭṭhiyaṃ ṭhapetvā ayopaṭṭena parikkhitto viya thiro bhavissatīti dassento – ‘‘janapadatthāvariyappatto’’ti āhaṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sattaratanasamannāgato</span>ti ettha ratijananaṭṭhena <span class="bld">ratanaṃ.</span> Apica –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Cittīkataṃ mahagghañca, atulaṃ dullabhadassanaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Anomasattaparibhogaṃ, ratanaṃ tena vuccati’’.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Cakkaratanassa ca nibbattakālato paṭṭhāya aññaṃ devaṭṭhānaṃ nāma na hoti, sabbe gandhapupphādīhi tasseva pūjañca abhivādanādīni ca karontīti cittīkataṭṭhena ratanaṃ. Cakkaratanassa ca ettakaṃ nāma dhanaṃ agghatīti <a name="P2.0444"></a> aggho natthi, iti mahagghaṭṭhenāpi ratanaṃ. Cakkaratanañca aññehi loke vijjamānaratanehi asadisanti atulaṭṭhenāpi ratanaṃ. Yasmā ca pana yasmiṃ kappe buddhā uppajjanti, tasmiṃyeva cakkavattino uppajjanti, buddhā ca kadāci karahaci uppajjanti, tasmā dullabhadassanaṭṭhenāpi ratanaṃ. Tadetaṃ jātirūpakulaissariyādīhi anomassa uḷārasattasseva uppajjati, na aññassāti anomasattaparibhogaṭṭhenāpi ratanaṃ. Yathā cakkaratanaṃ, evaṃ sesānipīti. Imehi sattahi ratanehi parivārabhāvena ceva sabbabhogūpakaraṇabhāvena ca samannāgatoti sattaratanasamannāgato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni tesaṃ sarūpato dassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">tassimānī</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">cakkaratana</span>ntiādīsu ayaṃ saṅkhepādhippāyo – dvesahassadīpaparivārānaṃ catunnaṃ mahādīpānaṃ sirivibhavaṃ gahetvā dātuṃ samatthaṃ cakkaratanaṃ pātubhavati. Tathā purebhattameva sāgarapariyantaṃ pathaviṃ anusaṃyāyanasamatthaṃ vehāsaṅgamaṃ <span class="bld">hatthiratanaṃ,</span> tādisameva <span class="bld">assaratanaṃ,</span> caturaṅgasamannāgate andhakāre <a name="M2.0036"></a> yojanappamāṇaṃ andhakāraṃ vidhamitvā ālokadassanasamatthaṃ <span class="bld">maṇiratanaṃ,</span> chabbidhadosavivajjitaṃ manāpacāri <span class="bld">itthiratanaṃ,</span> yojanappamāṇe antopathavigataṃ nidhiṃ dassanasamatthaṃ <span class="bld">gahapatiratanaṃ,</span> aggamahesiyā kucchimhi nibbattitvā sakalarajjamanusāsanasamatthaṃ jeṭṭhaputtasaṅkhātaṃ <span class="bld">pariṇāyakaratanaṃ</span> pātubhavati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Parosahassa</span>nti atirekasahassaṃ. <span class="bld">Sūrā</span>ti abhīrukā. <span class="bld">Vīraṅgarūpā</span>ti vīrānaṃ aṅgaṃ vīraṅgaṃ, vīriyassetaṃ nāmaṃ, vīraṅgaṃ rūpametesanti vīraṅgarūpā, vīriyajātikā vīriyasabhāvā vīriyamayā akilāsuno ahesuṃ. Divasampi yujjhantā na kilamantīti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Sāgarapariyanta</span>nti cakkavāḷapabbataṃ sīmaṃ katvā ṭhitasamuddapariyantaṃ. <span class="bld">Adaṇḍenā</span>ti ye katāparādhe satte satampi sahassampi <a name="V2.0032"></a> gaṇhanti, te dhanadaṇḍena rajjaṃ kārenti. Ye chejjabhejjaṃ anusāsanti, te satthadaṇḍena. Ayaṃ pana duvidhampi daṇḍaṃ pahāya adaṇḍena ajjhāvasati. <span class="bld">Asatthenā</span>ti <a name="P2.0445"></a> ye ekatodhārādinā satthena paraṃ vihesanti, te satthena rajjaṃ kārenti nāma. Ayaṃ pana satthena khuddamakkhikāyapi pivanamattaṃ lohitaṃ kassaci anuppādetvā dhammeneva – ‘‘ehi kho mahārājā’’ti evaṃ paṭirājūhi sampaṭicchitāgamano vuttappakāraṃ pathaviṃ abhivijinitvā ajjhāvasati, abhibhavitvā sāmī hutvā vasatīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ ekaṃ nipphattiṃ kathetvā dutiyaṃ kathetuṃ <span class="bld">sace kho panā</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha rāgadosamohamānadiṭṭhikilesataṇhāsaṅkhātaṃ chadanaṃ āvaraṇaṃ vivaṭaṃ viddhaṃsitaṃ vivaṭakaṃ etenāti <span class="bld">vivaṭacchado. </span> ‘‘Vivaṭṭacchadā’’tipi pāṭho, ayameva attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para35"></a><a name="para35_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">35</span>. Evaṃ dutiyaṃ nipphattiṃ kathetvā tāsaṃ nimittabhūtāni lakkhaṇāni dassetuṃ <span class="bld">ayañhi, deva, kumāro</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">suppatiṭṭhitapādo</span>ti yathā aññesaṃ bhūmiyaṃ pādaṃ ṭhapentānaṃ aggapādatalaṃ vā paṇhi vā passaṃ vā paṭhamaṃ phusati, vemajjhe vā pana chiddaṃ hoti, ukkhipantānaṃ aggatalādīsu ekakoṭṭhāsova paṭhamaṃ uṭṭhahati, na evamassa. Assa pana suvaṇṇapādukatalamiva ekappahāreneva sakalaṃ pādatalaṃ bhūmiṃ phusati, ekappahāreneva bhūmito uṭṭhahati. Tasmā ayaṃ suppatiṭṭhitapādo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cakkānī</span>ti <a name="M2.0037"></a> dvīsu pādatalesu dve cakkāni, tesaṃ arā ca nemi ca nābhi ca pāḷiyaṃ vuttāva. <span class="bld">Sabbākāraparipūrānī</span>ti iminā pana ayaṃ viseso veditabbo, tesaṃ kira cakkānaṃ pādatalassa majjhe nābhi dissati, nābhiparicchinnā vaṭṭalekhā dissati, nābhimukhaparikkhepapaṭṭo dissati, panāḷimukhaṃ dissati, arā dissanti, aresu vaṭṭilekhā dissanti, nemimaṇikā dissanti. Idaṃ tāva pāḷiyaṃ āgatameva. Sambahulavāro pana anāgato, so evaṃ daṭṭhabbo – satti, sirivaccho, nandi, sovattiko, vaṭaṃsako, vaḍḍhamānakaṃ, macchayugaḷaṃ, bhaddapīṭhaṃ, aṅkusako, pāsādo, toraṇaṃ, setacchattaṃ, khaggo, tālavaṇṭaṃ, morahatthako, vāḷabījanī, uṇhīsaṃ, maṇi, patto, sumanadāmaṃ, nīluppalaṃ, rattuppalaṃ, setuppalaṃ, padumaṃ, puṇḍarīkaṃ, puṇṇaghaṭo<a name="P2.0446"></a>, puṇṇapāti, samuddo, cakkavāḷo, himavā, sineru, candimasūriyā, nakkhattāni, cattāro mahādīpā, dviparittadīpasahassāni, antamaso cakkavattirañño parisaṃ upādāya sabbo cakkalakkhaṇasseva parivāro.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āyatapaṇhī</span>ti <a name="V2.0033"></a> dīghapaṇhi, paripuṇṇapaṇhīti attho. Yathā hi aññesaṃ aggapādo dīgho hoti, paṇhimatthake jaṅghā patiṭṭhāti, paṇhiṃ tacchetvā ṭhapitā viya hoti, na evaṃ mahāpurisassa. Mahāpurisassa pana catūsu koṭṭhāsesu dve koṭṭhāsā aggapādo hoti, tatiye koṭṭhāse jaṅghā patiṭṭhāti, catutthakoṭṭhāse āraggena vaṭṭetvā ṭhapitā viya rattakambalageṇḍukasadisā paṇhi hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dīghaṅgulī</span>ti yathā aññesaṃ kāci aṅguliyo dīghā honti, kāci rassā, na evaṃ mahāpurisassa. Mahāpurisassa pana makkaṭasseva dīghā hatthapādaṅguliyo mūle thūlā, anupubbena gantvā agge tanukā, niyyāsatelena madditvā vaṭṭitaharitālavaṭṭisadisā honti. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘dīghaṅgulī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mudutalunahatthapādo</span>ti sappimaṇḍe osāretvā ṭhapitaṃ satavāravihatakappāsapaṭalaṃ viya mudu. Yathā ca idāni jātamattassa, evaṃ vuḍḍhakālepi mudutalunāyeva bhavissanti, mudutalunā hatthapādā etassāti mudutalunahatthapādo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Jālahatthapādo</span>ti na cammena paṭibaddhaaṅgulantaro. Ediso hi phaṇahatthako purisadosena upahato pabbajjaṃ na paṭilabhati. Mahāpurisassa pana <a name="M2.0038"></a> catasso hatthaṅguliyo pañcapi pādaṅguliyo ekappamāṇā honti, tāsaṃ ekappamāṇatāya yavalakkhaṇaṃ aññamaññaṃ paṭivijjhitvā tiṭṭhati. Athassa hatthapādā kusalena vaḍḍhakinā yojitajālavātapānasadisā honti. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘jālahatthapādo’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Uddhaṃ patiṭṭhitagopphakattā ussaṅkhā pādā assāti <span class="bld">ussaṅkhapādo.</span> Aññesañhi piṭṭhipāde gopphakā honti, tena tesaṃ pādā āṇibaddhā viya baddhā honti, na yathāsukhaṃ parivaṭṭanti, gacchantānaṃ pādatalānipi na dissanti. Mahāpurisassa pana āruhitvā upari gopphakā patiṭṭhahanti, tenassa nābhito paṭṭhāya uparimakāyo nāvāya ṭhapitasuvaṇṇapaṭimā viya niccalo hoti, adhokāyova iñjati, sukhena pādā <a name="P2.0447"></a> parivaṭṭanti, puratopi pacchatopi ubhayapassesupi ṭhatvā passantānaṃ pādatalāni paññāyanti, na hatthīnaṃ viya pacchatoyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Eṇijaṅgho</span>ti eṇimigasadisajaṅgho maṃsussadena paripuṇṇajaṅgho, na ekato baddhapiṇḍikamaṃso<a name="V2.0034"></a>, samantato samasaṇṭhitena maṃsena parikkhittāhi suvaṭṭitāhi sāligabbhayavagabbhasadisāhi jaṅghāhi samannāgatoti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anonamanto</span>ti anamanto, etenassa akhujjaavāmanabhāvo dīpito. Avasesajanā hi khujjā vā honti vāmanā vā. Khujjānaṃ uparimakāyo aparipuṇṇo hoti, vāmanānaṃ heṭṭhimakāyo. Te aparipuṇṇakāyattā na sakkonti anonamantā jaṇṇukāni parimajjituṃ. Mahāpuriso pana paripuṇṇaubhayakāyattā sakkoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kosohitavatthaguyho</span>ti usabhavāraṇādīnaṃ viya suvaṇṇapadumakaṇṇikasadisehi kosehi ohitaṃ paṭicchannaṃ vatthaguyhaṃ assāti kosohitavatthaguyho. <span class="bld">Vatthaguyha</span>nti vatthena guhitabbaṃ aṅgajātaṃ vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Suvaṇṇavaṇṇo</span>ti jātihiṅgulakena majjitvā dīpidāṭhāya ghaṃsitvā gerukaparikammaṃ katvā ṭhapitaghanasuvaṇṇarūpasadisoti attho. Etenassa ghanasiniddhasaṇhasarīrataṃ dassetvā chavivaṇṇadassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">kañcanasannibhattaco</span>ti vuttaṃ. Purimassa vā vevacanametaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rajojalla</span>nti <a name="M2.0039"></a> rajo vā malaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Na upalimpatī</span>ti na laggati padumapalāsato udakabindu viya vivaṭṭati. Hatthadhovanādīni pana utuggahaṇatthāya ceva dāyakānaṃ puññaphalatthāya ca buddhā karonti, vattasīsenāpi ca karontiyeva. Senāsanaṃ pavisantena hi bhikkhunā pāde dhovitvā pavisitabbanti vuttametaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uddhaggalomo</span>ti āvaṭṭapariyosāne uddhaggāni hutvā mukhasobhaṃ ullokayamānāni viya ṭhitāni lomāni assāti uddhaggalomo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Brahmujugatto</span>ti brahmā viya ujugatto, ujumeva uggatadīghasarīro bhavissati. Yebhuyyena hi sattā khandhe kaṭiyaṃ <a name="P2.0448"></a> jāṇūsūti tīsu ṭhānesu namanti, te kaṭiyaṃ namantā pacchato namanti, itaresu dvīsu ṭhānesu purato. Dīghasarīrā pana eke passavaṅkā honti, eke mukhaṃ unnametvā nakkhattāni gaṇayantā viya caranti, eke appamaṃsalohitā sūlasadisā honti, eke purato pabbhārā honti, pavedhamānā gacchanti. Ayaṃ pana ujumeva uggantvā dīghappamāṇo devanagare ussitasuvaṇṇatoraṇaṃ viya bhavissatīti dīpenti. Yathā cetaṃ, evaṃ yaṃ yaṃ jātamattassa <a name="V2.0035"></a> sabbaso aparipuṇṇaṃ mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṃ hoti, taṃ taṃ āyatiṃ tathābhāvitaṃ sandhāya vuttanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sattussado</span>ti dve hatthapiṭṭhiyo dve pādapiṭṭhiyo dve aṃsakūṭāni khandhoti imesu sattasu ṭhānesu paripuṇṇo maṃsussado assāti sattussado. Aññesaṃ pana hatthapādapiṭṭhādīsu sirājālaṃ paññāyati, aṃsakūṭakkhandhesu aṭṭhikoṭiyo. Te manussā petā viya khāyanti, na tathā mahāpuriso, mahāpuriso pana sattasu ṭhānesu paripuṇṇamaṃsussadattā nigūḷhasirājālehi hatthapiṭṭhādīhi vaṭṭetvā suṭṭhapitasuvaṇṇāḷiṅgasadisena khandhena silārūpakaṃ viya khāyati, cittakammarūpakaṃ viya ca khāyati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sīhassa pubbaddhaṃ viya kāyo assāti <span class="bld">sīhapubbaddhakāyo. </span> Sīhassa hi puratthimakāyova paripuṇṇo hoti, pacchimakāyo aparipuṇṇo. Mahāpurisassa pana sīhassa pubbaddhakāyo viya sabbo kāyo paripuṇṇo. Sopi sīhasseva tattha tattha vinatunnatādivasena dussaṇṭhitavisaṇṭhito <a name="M2.0040"></a> na hoti, dīghayuttaṭṭhāne pana dīgho, rassathūlakisaputhulaanuvaṭṭitayuttaṭṭhānesu tathāvidhova hoti. Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Manāpiyeva kho, bhikkhave, kammavipāke paccupaṭṭhite yehi aṅgehi dīghehi sobhati, tāni aṅgāni dīghāni saṇṭhanti. Yehi aṅgehi rassehi sobhati, tāni aṅgāni rassāni saṇṭhanti. Yehi aṅgehi thūlehi sobhati, tāni aṅgāni thūlāni saṇṭhanti. Yehi aṅgehi kisehi sobhati, tāni aṅgāni kisāni saṇṭṭhanti. Yehi aṅgehi puthulehi sobhati, tāni aṅgāni <a name="P2.0449"></a> puthulāni saṇṭhanti. Yehi aṅgehi vaṭṭehi sobhati, tāni aṅgāni vaṭṭāni saṇṭhantī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Iti nānācittena puññacittena cittito dasahi pāramīhi sajjito mahāpurisassa attabhāvo, loke sabbasippino vā sabbaiddhimanto vā patirūpakampi kātuṃ na sakkonti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Citantaraṃso</span>ti antaraṃsaṃ vuccati dvinnaṃ koṭṭānaṃ antaraṃ, taṃ citaṃ paripuṇṇaṃ antaraṃsaṃ assāti citantaraṃso. Aññesañhi taṃ ṭhānaṃ ninnaṃ hoti, dve piṭṭhikoṭṭā pāṭiyekkā paññāyanti. Mahāpurisassa pana kaṭito paṭṭhāya maṃsapaṭalaṃ yāva khandhā uggamma samussitasuvaṇṇaphalakaṃ viya piṭṭhiṃ chādetvā patiṭṭhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nigrodhaparimaṇḍalo</span>ti <a name="V2.0036"></a> nigrodho viya parimaṇḍalo. Yathā paññāsahatthatāya vā satahatthatāya vā samakkhandhasākho nigrodho dīghatopi vitthāratopi ekappamāṇova hoti, evaṃ kāyatopi byāmatopi ekappamāṇo. Yathā aññesaṃ kāyo dīgho vā hoti byāmo vā, na evaṃ visamappamāṇoti attho. Teneva <span class="bld">yāvatakvassa kāyo</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha yāvatako assāti <span class="bld">yāvatakvassa.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samavaṭṭakkhandho</span>ti samavaṭṭitakkhandho. Yathā eke koñcā viya ca bakā viya ca varāhā viya ca dīghagalā vaṅkagalā puthulagalā ca honti<a name="M2.0041"></a>, kathanakāle sirājālaṃ paññāyati, mando saro nikkhamati, na evaṃ mahāpurisassa. Mahāpurisassa pana suvaṭṭitasuvaṇṇāḷiṅgasadiso khandho hoti, kathanakāle sirājālaṃ na paññāyati, meghassa viya gajjito saro mahā hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rasaggasaggī</span>ti ettha rasaṃ gasanti harantīti rasaggasā. Rasaharaṇīnametaṃ adhivacanaṃ, tā aggā assāti rasaggasaggī. Mahāpurisassa kira sattarasaharaṇīsahassāni uddhaggāni hutvā gīvāyameva paṭimukkāni. Tilaphalamattopi āhāro jivhagge ṭhapito sabbakāyaṃ anupharati. Teneva mahāpadhānaṃ padahantassa ekataṇḍulādīhipi kaḷāyayūsapasatamattenāpi kāyassa yāpanaṃ ahosi. Aññesaṃ pana tathā abhāvā na sakalaṃ kāyaṃ ojā pharati. Tena te bahvābādhā honti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sīhasseva <a name="P2.0450"></a> hanu assāti <span class="bld">sīhahanu.</span> Tattha sīhassa heṭṭhimahanumeva paripuṇṇaṃ hoti, na uparimaṃ. Mahāpurisassa pana sīhassa heṭṭhimaṃ viya dvepi paripuṇṇāni dvādasiyā pakkhassa candasadisāni honti. Atha nemittakā hanukapariyantaṃ olokentāva imesu hanukesu heṭṭhime vīsati uparime vīsatīti cattālīsadantā samā aviraḷā patiṭṭhahissantīti sallakkhetvā <span class="bld">ayañhi deva, kumāro cattālīsadanto hotī</span>tiādimāhaṃsu. Tatrāyamattho, aññesañhi paripuṇṇadantānampi dvattiṃsa dantā honti. Imassa pana cattālīsaṃ bhavissanti. Aññesañca keci dantā uccā, keci nīcāti visamā honti, imassa pana ayapaṭṭakena chinnasaṅkhapaṭalaṃ viya samā bhavissanti. Aññesaṃ kumbhilānaṃ viya dantā viraḷā honti, macchamaṃsāni khādantānaṃ dantantaraṃ pūrenti. Imassa pana kanakaphalakāyaṃ samussitavajirapanti viya aviraḷā tūlikāya dassitaparicchedā viya dantā bhavissanti. Aññesañca pūtidantā uṭṭhahanti. Tena kāci dāṭhā kāḷāpi vivaṇṇāpi honti. Ayaṃ pana suṭṭhu sukkadāṭho osadhitārakampi atikkamma virocamānāya pabhāya samannāgatadāṭho bhavissati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pahūtajivho</span>ti <a name="V2.0037"></a> puthulajivho. Aññesaṃ jivhā thūlāpi honti kisāpi rassāpi thaddhāpi visamāpi, mahāpurisassa pana jivhā mudu dīghā puthulā vaṇṇasampannā hoti. So hi etaṃ lakkhaṇaṃ pariyesituṃ āgatānaṃ kaṅkhāvinodanatthaṃ mudukattā taṃ jivhaṃ kathinasūciṃ viya vaṭṭetvā ubho nāsikasotāni parāmasati, dīghattā ubho kaṇṇasotāni parāmasati<a name="M2.0042"></a>, puthulattā kesantapariyosānaṃ kevalampi nalāṭaṃ paṭicchādeti. Evamassa mududīghaputhulabhāvaṃ pakāsento tesaṃ kaṅkhaṃ vinodeti. Evaṃ tilakkhaṇasampannaṃ jivhaṃ sandhāya ‘‘pahūtajivho’’ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Brahmassaro</span>ti aññe chinnassarāpi bhinnassarāpi kākassarāpi honti, ayaṃ pana mahābrahmuno sarasadisena sarena samannāgato bhavissati, mahābrahmuno hi pittasemhehi apalibuddhattā saro visado hoti. Mahāpurisenāpi katakammaṃ tassa vatthuṃ sodheti. Vatthuno suddhattā nābhito <a name="P2.0451"></a> paṭṭhāya samuṭṭhahanto saro visado aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgatova samuṭṭhāti. Karavīko viya bhaṇatīti <span class="bld">karavīkabhāṇī,</span> mattakaravīkarutamañjughosoti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Abhinīlanetto</span>ti na sakalanīlanetto, nīlayuttaṭṭhāne panassa umāpupphasadisena ativisuddhena nīlavaṇṇena samannāgatāni nettāni honti, pītayuttaṭṭhāne kaṇikārapupphasadisena pītavaṇṇena, lohitayuttaṭṭhāne bandhujīvakapupphasadisena lohitavaṇṇena, setayuttaṭṭhāne osadhitārakasadisena setavaṇṇena, kāḷayuttaṭṭhāne addāriṭṭhakasadisena kāḷavaṇṇena samannāgatāni. Suvaṇṇavimāne ugghāṭitamaṇisīhapañjarasadisāni khāyanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gopakhumo</span>ti ettha pakhumanti sakalacakkhubhaṇḍaṃ adhippetaṃ, taṃ kāḷavacchakassa bahaladhātukaṃ hoti, rattavacchakassa vippasannaṃ, taṃmuhuttajātataruṇarattavacchakasadisacakkhubhaṇḍoti attho. Aññesañhi cakkhubhaṇḍā aparipuṇṇā honti, hatthimūsikādīnaṃ akkhisadisehi viniggatehipi gambhīrehipi akkhīhi samannāgatā honti. Mahāpurisassa pana dhovitvā majjitvā ṭhapitamaṇiguḷikā viya mudusiniddhanīlasukhumapakhumācitāni akkhīni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uṇṇā</span>ti uṇṇalomaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhamukantare</span>ti dvinnaṃ bhamukānaṃ vemajjhe nāsikamatthakeyeva jātā, uggantvā pana nalāṭavemajjhe jātā. <span class="bld">Odātā</span>ti parisuddhā, osadhitārakasamānavaṇṇā. <span class="bld">Mudū</span>ti sappimaṇḍe osāretvā ṭhapitasatavāravihatakappāsapaṭalasadisā. <span class="bld">Tūlasannibhā</span>ti simbalitūlalatātūlasamānā, ayamassa odātatāya upamā. Sā panesā koṭiyaṃ gahetvā ākaḍḍhiyamānā upaḍḍhabāhuppamāṇā hoti, vissaṭṭhā <a name="M2.0043"></a> dakkhiṇāvaṭṭavasena āvaṭṭitvā uddhaggā hutvā <a name="V2.0038"></a> santiṭṭhati. Suvaṇṇaphalakamajjhe ṭhapitarajatapubbuḷakaṃ viya, suvaṇṇaghaṭato nikkhamamānā khīradhārā viya, aruṇappabhārañjite gaganappadese osadhitārakā viya ca atimanoharāya siriyā virocati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uṇhīsasīso</span>ti <a name="P2.0452"></a> idaṃ paripuṇṇanalāṭatañca paripuṇṇasīsataṃ cāti dve atthavase paṭicca vuttaṃ. Mahāpurisassa hi dakkhiṇakaṇṇacūḷikato paṭṭhāya maṃsapaṭalaṃ uṭṭhahitvā sakalanalāṭaṃ chādayamānaṃ pūrayamānaṃ gantvā vāmakaṇṇacūḷikāyaṃ patiṭṭhitaṃ, taṃ rañño bandhauṇhīsapaṭṭo viya virocati. Mahāpurisassa kira imaṃ lakkhaṇaṃ disvā rājūnaṃ uṇhīsapaṭṭaṃ akaṃsu. Ayaṃ tāva eko attho. Aññe pana janā aparipuṇṇasīsā honti, keci kapisīsā, keci phalasīsā, keci aṭṭhisīsā, keci hatthisīsā, keci tumbasīsā, keci pabbhārasīsā. Mahāpurisassa pana āraggena vaṭṭetvā ṭhapitaṃ viya suparipuṇṇaṃ udakapubbuḷasadisaṃ sīsaṃ hoti. Tattha purimanaye uṇhīsaveṭhitasīso viyāti uṇhīsasīso. Dutiyanaye uṇhīsaṃ viya sabbattha parimaṇḍalasīsoti uṇhīsasīso.</p>
<p class="subhead">Vipassīsamaññāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para37"></a><a name="para37_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">37</span>. <span class="bld">Sabbakāmehī</span>ti idaṃ lakkhaṇāni pariggaṇhāpetvā pacchā kataṃ viya vuttaṃ, na panevaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Paṭhamañhi te nemittake santappetvā pacchā lakkhaṇapariggaṇhanaṃ katanti veditabbaṃ. Tassa vitthāro gabbhokkantiyaṃ vuttoyeva. <span class="bld">Pāyentī</span>ti thaññaṃ pāyenti. Tassa kira niddosena madhurena khīrena samannāgatā saṭṭhi dhātiyo upaṭṭhāpesi, tathā sesāpi tesu tesu kammesu kusalā saṭṭhisaṭṭhiyeva. Tāsaṃ pesanakārake saṭṭhi purise, tassa tassa katākatabhāvaṃ sallakkhaṇe saṭṭhi amacce upaṭṭhāpesi. Evaṃ cattāri saṭṭhiyo itthīnaṃ, dve saṭṭhiyo purisānanti cha saṭṭhiyo upaṭṭhakānaṃyeva ahesuṃ. <span class="bld">Setacchatta</span>nti dibbasetacchattaṃ. Kuladattiyaṃ pana sirigabbheyeva tiṭṭhati. <span class="bld">Mā naṃ sītaṃ vā</span>tiādīsu mā abhibhavīti attho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Svāssuda</span>nti so assudaṃ. <span class="bld">Aṅkeneva aṅka</span>nti aññassa bāhunāva aññassa bāhuṃ. Aññassa ca aṃsakūṭeneva <a name="M2.0044"></a> aññassa aṃsakūṭaṃ. <span class="bld">Parihariyatī</span>ti nīyati, sampāpiyatīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para38"></a><a name="para38_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">38</span>. <span class="bld">Mañjussaro</span>ti akharassaro. <span class="bld">Vaggussaro</span>ti chekanipuṇassaro. <span class="bld">Madhurassaro</span>ti sātassaro. <span class="bld">Pemaniyassaro</span>ti pemajanakassaro. Tatridaṃ <a name="P2.0453"></a> karavīkānaṃ madhurassaratāya – karavīkasakuṇe kira madhurarasaṃ ambapakkaṃ mukhatuṇḍakena paharitvā paggharitarasaṃ pivitvā pakkhena <a name="V2.0039"></a> tālaṃ datvā vikūjamāne catuppadā mattā viya laḷituṃ ārabhanti. Gocarapasutāpi catuppadā mukhagatāni tiṇāni chaḍḍetvā taṃ saddaṃ suṇanti. Vāḷamigā khuddakamige anubandhamānā ukkhittaṃ pādaṃ anikkhipitvāva tiṭṭhanti. Anubaddhamigā ca maraṇabhayaṃ jahitvā tiṭṭhanti. Ākāse pakkhandā pakkhinopi pakkhe pasāretvā taṃ saddaṃ suṇamānāva tiṭṭhanti. Udake macchāpi kaṇṇapaṭalaṃ papphoṭetvā taṃ saddaṃ suṇamānāva tiṭṭhanti. Evaṃ madhurassarā karavīkā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Asandhimittāpi dhammāsokassa devī – ‘‘atthi nu kho, bhante, buddhassarena sadiso kassaci saro’’ti saṅghaṃ pucchi. Atthi karavīkasakuṇassāti. Kuhiṃ, bhante, te sakuṇāti? Himavanteti. Sā rājānaṃ āha – ‘‘deva, ahaṃ karavīkasakuṇaṃ passitukāmāmhī’’ti. Rājā – ‘‘imasmiṃ pañjare nisīditvā karavīko āgacchatū’’ti suvaṇṇapañjaraṃ vissajjesi. Pañjaro gantvā ekassa karavīkassa purato aṭṭhāsi. So – ‘‘rājāṇāya āgato pañjaro, na sakkā na gantu’’nti tattha nisīdi. Pañjaro āgantvā rañño purato aṭṭhāsi. Na karavīkasaddaṃ kārāpetuṃ sakkonti. Atha rājā – ‘‘kathaṃ, bhaṇe, ime saddaṃ na karontī’’ti āha. Ñātake adisvā devāti. Atha naṃ rājā ādāsehi parikkhipāpesi. So attano chāyaṃ disvā – ‘‘ñātakā me āgatā’’ti maññamāno pakkhena tālaṃ datvā madhurassarena maṇivaṃsaṃ dhamamāno viya viravi. Sakalanagare manussā mattā viya laḷiṃsu. Asandhimittā cintesi – ‘‘imassa tāva tiracchānagatassa evaṃ madhuro saddo, kīdiso nu kho sabbaññutaññāṇasiripattassa bhagavato saddo ahosī’’ti pītiṃ uppādetvā taṃ pītiṃ avijahitvā sattahi jaṅghasatehi saddhiṃ sotāpattiphale patiṭṭhāsi. Evaṃ madhuro kira <a name="M2.0045"></a> karavīkasaddoti. Tato pana satabhāgena sahassabhāgena ca madhurataro vipassissa kumārassa saddo ahosīti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para39"></a><a name="para39_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">39</span>. <span class="bld">Kammavipākaja</span>nti na bhāvanāmayaṃ, kammavipākavasena pana devatānaṃ cakkhusadisameva maṃsacakkhu ahosi<a name="P2.0454"></a>, yena nimittaṃ katvā tilavāhe pakkhittaṃ ekatilampi ayaṃ soti uddharitvā dātuṃ sakkoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para40"></a><a name="para40_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">40</span>. <span class="bld">Vipassī</span>ti ettha ayaṃ vacanattho, antarantarā nimīlajanitandhakāravirahena visuddhaṃ passati, vivaṭehi ca akkhīhi passatīti vipassī; dutiyavāre viceyya viceyya passatīti vipassī; vicinitvā vicinitvā passatīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Atthe panāyatī</span>ti atthe jānāti passati, nayati vā pavattetīti attho. Ekadivasaṃ kira <a name="V2.0040"></a> vinicchayaṭṭhāne nisīditvā atthe anusāsantassa rañño alaṅkatapaṭiyattaṃ mahāpurisaṃ ānetvā hatthe ṭhapayiṃsu. Tassa taṃ aṅkekatvā upalāḷayamānasseva amaccā sāmikaṃ assāmikaṃ akaṃsu. Bodhisatto anattamanasaddaṃ nicchāresi. Rājā – ‘‘kimetaṃ, upadhārethā’’ti āha. Upadhāriyamānā aññaṃ adisvā – ‘‘aḍḍassa dubbinicchitattā evaṃ kataṃ bhavissatī’’ti puna sāmikaṃyeva sāmikaṃ katvā ‘‘ñatvā nu kho kumāro evaṃ karotī’’ti vīmaṃsantā puna sāmikaṃ assāmikaṃ akaṃsu. Punapi bodhisatto tatheva saddaṃ nicchāresi. Atha rājā – ‘‘jānāti mahāpuriso’’ti tato paṭṭhāya appamatto ahosi. Idaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ – ‘‘viceyya viceyya kumāro atthe panāyatī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para42"></a><a name="para42_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">42</span>. <span class="bld">Vassika</span>ntiādīsu yattha sukhaṃ hoti vassakāle vasituṃ, ayaṃ vassiko. Itaresupi eseva nayo. Ayaṃ panettha vacanattho vassāvāso vassaṃ, vassaṃ arahatīti vassiko. Itaresupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha vassiko pāsādo nātiucco hoti, nātinīco, dvāravātapānānipissa nātibahūni nātitanūni, bhūmattharaṇapaccattharaṇakhajjabhojjānipettha missakāneva vaṭṭanti. <span class="bld">Hemantike</span> thambhāpi bhittiyopi nīcā honti, dvāravātapānāni tanukāni sukhumacchiddāni, uṇhappavesanatthāya bhittiniyūhāni nīhariyanti. Bhūmattharaṇapaccattharaṇanivāsanapārupanāni panettha uṇhaviriyāni <a name="M2.0046"></a> kambalādīni vaṭṭanti. Khajjabhojjaṃ siniddhaṃ kaṭukasannissitaṃ nirudakasannissitañca. <span class="bld">Gimhike</span> thambhāpi bhittiyopi uccā honti, dvāravātapānāni panettha bahūni vipulajātāni honti, bhūmattharaṇādīni dukūlamayāni vaṭṭanti. Khajjabhojjāni madhurasasannissitabharitāni. Vātapānasamīpesu cettha <a name="P2.0455"></a> nava cāṭiyo ṭhapetvā udakassa pūretvā nīluppalādīhi sañchādenti. Tesu tesu padesesu udakayantāni karonti, yehi deve vassante viya udakadhārā nikkhamanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nippurisehī</span>ti purisavirahitehi. Na kevalañcettha tūriyāneva nippurisāni, sabbaṭṭhānānipi nippurisāneva, dovārikāpi itthiyova, nahāpanādiparikammakarāpi itthiyova. Rājā kira – ‘‘tathārūpaṃ issariyasukhasampattiṃ anubhavamānassa purisaṃ disvā purisāsaṅkā uppajjati, sā me puttassa mā ahosī’’ti sabbakiccesu itthiyova ṭhapesīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Paṭhamabhāṇavāravaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Jiṇṇapurisavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para43"></a><a name="para43_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">43</span>. Dutiyabhāṇavāre <a name="V2.0041"></a> <span class="bld">gopānasivaṅka</span>nti gopānasī viya vaṅkaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhogga</span>nti khandhe, kaṭiyaṃ, jāṇūsūti tīsu ṭhānesu bhoggavaṅkaṃ. <span class="bld">Daṇḍaparāyana</span>nti daṇḍagatikaṃ daṇḍapaṭisaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Ātura</span>nti jarāturaṃ. <span class="bld">Gatayobbana</span>nti atikkantayobbanaṃ pacchimavaye ṭhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Disvā</span>ti aḍḍhayojanappamāṇena balakāyena parivuto susaṃvihitārakkhopi gacchanto yadā ratho purato hoti, pacchā balakāyo, tādise okāse suddhāvāsakhīṇāsavabrahmehi attano ānubhāvena rathassa puratova dassitaṃ, taṃ purisaṃ passitvā. Suddhāvāsā kira – ‘‘mahāpuriso paṅke gajo viya pañcasu kāmaguṇesu laggo, satimassa uppādessāmā’’ti taṃ dassesuṃ. Evaṃ dassitañca taṃ bodhisatto ceva passati sārathi ca. Brahmāno hi bodhisattassa appamādatthaṃ sārathissa ca kathāsallāpatthaṃ taṃ dassesuṃ. <span class="bld">Kiṃ paneso</span>ti ‘‘eso jiṇṇoti kiṃ vuttaṃ hoti, nāhaṃ, bho ito pubbe evarūpaṃ addasa’’nti pucchi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tena</span> <a name="M2.0047"></a> <span class="bld">hī</span>ti yadi mayhampi evarūpehi kesehi evarūpena ca kāyena bhavitabbaṃ, tena hi samma sārathi. <span class="bld">Alaṃ dānajja uyyānabhūmiyā</span>ti – ‘‘ajja uyyānabhūmiṃ passissāmā’’ti gacchāma, alaṃ tāya uyyānabhūmiyāti saṃviggahadayo saṃvegānurūpamāha. <span class="bld">Antepuraṃ gato</span>ti itthijanaṃ vissajjetvā sirigabbhe ekakova nisinno. <span class="bld">Yatra hi nāmā</span>ti yāya jātiyā sati jarā paññāyati, sā jāti <span class="bld">dhiratthu</span> <a name="P2.0456"></a> dhikkatā atthu, jigucchāmetaṃ jātinti, jātiyā mūlaṃ khaṇanto nisīdi, paṭhamena sallena hadaye viddho viya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para45"></a><a name="para45_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">45</span>. <span class="bld">Sārathiṃ āmantāpetvā</span>ti rājā kira nemittakehi kathitakālato paṭṭhāya ohitasoto vicarati, so ‘‘kumāro uyyānaṃ gacchanto antarāmagge nivatto’’ti sutvā sārathiṃ āmantāpesi. <span class="bld">Mā heva kho</span>tiādīsu rajjaṃ kāretu, mā pabbajatu, brāhmaṇānaṃ vacanaṃ mā saccaṃ hotūti evaṃ cintesīti attho.</p>
<p class="subhead">Byādhipurisavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para47"></a><a name="para47_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">47</span>. <span class="bld">Addasa kho</span>ti pubbe vuttanayeneva suddhāvāsehi dassitaṃ addasa. <span class="bld">Ābādhika</span>nti iriyāpathabhañjanakena visabhāgabādhena ābādhikaṃ. <span class="bld">Dukkhita</span>nti rogadukkhena dukkhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Bāḷhagilāna</span>nti adhimattagilānaṃ. <span class="bld">Palipanna</span>nti nimuggaṃ. <span class="bld">Jarā paññāyissati byādhi paññāyissatī</span>ti <a name="V2.0042"></a> idhāpi yāya jātiyā sati idaṃ dvayaṃ paññāyati, dhikkatā sā jāti, ajātaṃ khemanti jātiyā mūlaṃ khaṇanto nisīdi, dutiyena sallena viddho viya.</p>
<p class="subhead">Kālaṅkatapurisavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para50"></a><a name="para50_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">50</span>. <span class="bld">Vilāta</span>nti sivikaṃ. <span class="bld">Peta</span>nti ito paṭigataṃ. <span class="bld">Kālaṅkata</span>nti katakālaṃ, yattakaṃ tena kālaṃ jīvitabbaṃ, taṃ sabbaṃ katvā niṭṭhapetvā matanti attho. Imampissa purimanayeneva brahmāno dassesuṃ. <span class="bld">Yatra hi nāmā</span>ti idhāpi yāya jātiyā sati idaṃ tayaṃ paññāyati, dhikkatā sā jāti, ajātaṃ khemanti jātiyā mūlaṃ khaṇanto nisīdi, tatiyena sallena viddho viya.</p>
<p class="subhead">Pabbajitavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para52"></a><a name="para52_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">52</span>. <span class="bld">Bhaṇḍu</span>nti <a name="M2.0048"></a> muṇḍaṃ. Imampissa purimanayeneva brahmāno dassesuṃ. <span class="bld">Sādhu dhammacariyā</span>tiādīsu ayaṃ deva dhammacaraṇabhāvo sādhūti cintetvā pabbajitoti evaṃ ekamekassa padassa yojanā veditabbā. Sabbāni cetāni dasakusalakammapathavevacanāneva. Avasāne pana <span class="bld">avihiṃsā</span>ti karuṇāya pubbabhāgo. <span class="bld">Anukampā</span>ti mettāya pubbabhāgo. <span class="bld">Tenahī</span>ti uyyojanatthe nipāto. Pabbajitaṃ hissa disvā cittaṃ pabbajjāya ninnaṃ jātaṃ. Atha tena saddhiṃ kathetukāmo hutvā sārathiṃ uyyojento <span class="bld">tena hī</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="subhead">Bodhisattapabbajjāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para54"></a><a name="para54_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">54</span>. <span class="bld">Atha</span> <a name="P2.0457"></a> <span class="bld">kho, bhikkhave</span>ti – ‘‘pabbajitassa sādhu dhammacariyā’’tiādīni ca aññañca bahuṃ mahājanakāyena rakkhiyamānassa puttadārasambādhe ghare vasato ādīnavapaṭisaṃyuttañceva migabhūtena cetasā yathāsukhaṃ vane vasato pabbajitassa vivekānisaṃsapaṭisaṃyuttañca dhammiṃ kathaṃ sutvā pabbajitukāmo hutvā – atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro sārathiṃ āmantesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Imāni cattāri disvā pabbajitaṃ nāma sabbabodhisattānaṃ vaṃsova tantiyeva paveṇīyeva. Aññepi ca bodhisattā yathā ayaṃ vipassī kumāro, evaṃ cirassaṃ cirassaṃ passanti. Amhākaṃ pana bodhisatto cattāripi ekadivasaṃyeva disvā mahābhinikkhamanaṃ nikkhamitvā anomānadītīre <a name="V2.0043"></a> pabbajito. Teneva rājagahaṃ patvā tattha raññā bimbisārena – ‘‘kimatthaṃ, paṇḍita, pabbajitosīti’’ puṭṭho āha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Jiṇṇañca disvā dukhitañca byādhitaṃ,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Matañca disvā gatamāyusaṅkhayaṃ;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Kāsāyavatthaṃ pabbajitañca disvā,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tasmā ahaṃ pabbajitomhi rājā’’ti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Mahājanakāyaanupabbajjāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para55"></a><a name="para55_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">55</span>. <span class="bld">Sutvāna tesa</span>nti tesaṃ caturāsītiyā pāṇasahassānaṃ sutvā etadahosi. <span class="bld">Orako</span>ti ūnako lāmako. <span class="bld">Anupabbajiṃsū</span>ti anupabbajitāni<a name="M2.0049"></a>. Kasmā panettha yathā parato khaṇḍatissānaṃ anupabbajjāya – ‘‘bandhumatiyā rājadhāniyā nikkhamitvā’’ti vuttaṃ, evaṃ na vuttanti? Nikkhamitvā sutattā. Ete kira sabbepi vipassissa kumārassa upaṭṭhākaparisāva, te pātova upaṭṭhānaṃ āgantvā kumāraṃ adisvā pātarāsatthāya gantvā bhuttapātarāsā āgamma ‘‘kuhiṃ kumāro’’ti pucchitvā ‘‘uyyānabhūmiṃ gato’’ti sutvā ‘‘tattheva naṃ dakkhissāmā’’ti nikkhamantā nivattamānaṃ sārathiṃ disvā – ‘‘kumāro pabbajito’’ti cassa vacanaṃ sutvā sutaṭṭhāneyeva sabbābharaṇāni omuñcitvā antarāpaṇato kāsāvapītāni vatthāni āharāpetvā kesamassuṃ ohāretvā pabbajiṃsu. Iti nagarato nikkhamitvā bahinagare sutattā ettha – ‘‘bandhumatiyā rājadhāniyā nikkhamitvā’’ti na vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cārikaṃ</span> <a name="P2.0458"></a> <span class="bld">caratī</span>ti gatagataṭṭhāne mahāmaṇḍapaṃ katvā dānaṃ sajjetvā āgamma svātanāya nimantito janassa āyācitabhikkhameva paṭiggaṇhanto cattāro māse cārikaṃ cari.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ākiṇṇo</span>ti iminā gaṇena parivuto. Ayaṃ pana vitakko bodhisattassa kadā uppannoti? Sve visākhapuṇṇamā bhavissatīti cātuddasīdivase. Tadā kira so – ‘‘yatheva maṃ ime pubbe gihibhūtaṃ parivāretvā caranti, idānipi tatheva, kiṃ iminā gaṇenā’’ti gaṇasaṅgaṇikāya ukkaṇṭhitvā ‘‘ajjeva gacchāmī’’ti cintetvā puna ‘‘ajja avelā, sace idāni gamissāmi, sabbeva ime jānissanti, sveva gamissāmī’’ti cintesi. Taṃ divasañca uruvelagāmasadise gāme gāmavāsino svātanāya nimantayiṃsu. Te caturāsītisahassānampi tesaṃ <a name="V2.0044"></a> pabbajitānaṃ mahāpurisassa ca pāyāsameva paṭiyādayiṃsu. Atha mahāpuriso punadivase tasmiṃyeva gāme tehi pabbajitehi saddhiṃ bhattakiccaṃ katvā vasanaṭṭhānameva agamāsi. Tattha te pabbajitā mahāpurisassa vattaṃ dassetvā attano attano rattiṭṭhānadivāṭṭhānāni paviṭṭhā. Bodhisattopi paṇṇasālaṃ pavisitvā nisinno.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Ṭhite majjhanhike kāle, sannisīvesu pakkhisu;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Saṇateva brahāraññaṃ, taṃ bhayaṃ paṭibhāti ma’’nti. (saṃ. ni. 1.15);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evarūpe <a name="M2.0050"></a> avivekārāmānaṃ bhayakāle sabbasattānaṃ sadarathakāleyeva – ‘‘ayaṃ kālo’’ti nikkhamitvā paṇṇasālāya dvāraṃ pidahitvā bodhimaṇḍābhimukho pāyāsi. Aññadāpi ca tasmiṃ ṭhāne vicaranto bodhimaṇḍaṃ passati, nisīdituṃ panassa cittaṃ na namitapubbaṃ. Taṃ divasaṃ panassa ñāṇaṃ paripākagataṃ, tasmā alaṅkataṃ bodhimaṇḍaṃ disvā ārohanatthāya cittaṃ uppannaṃ. So dakkhiṇadisābhāgena upagamma padakkhiṇaṃ katvā puratthimadisābhāge cuddasahatthaṃ pallaṅkaṃ paññapetvā caturaṅgavīriyaṃ adhiṭṭhahitvā – ‘‘yāva buddho na homi, na tāva ito vuṭṭhahāmī’’ti paṭiññaṃ katvā nisīdi. Idamassa vūpakāsaṃ sandhāya – ‘‘ekova gaṇamhā vūpakaṭṭho vihāsī’’ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aññeneva</span> <a name="P2.0459"></a> <span class="bld">tānī</span>ti te kira sāyaṃ bodhisattassa upaṭṭhānaṃ āgantvā paṇṇasālaṃ parivāretvā nisinnā ‘‘ativikālo jāto, upadhārethā’’ti vatvā paṇṇasālaṃ vivaritvā taṃ apassantāpi ‘‘kuhiṃ gato’’ti nānubandhiṃsu, ‘‘gaṇavāse nibbinno eko viharitukāmo maññe mahāpuriso, buddhabhūtaṃyeva naṃ passissāmā’’ti vatvā antojambudīpābhimukhā cārikaṃ pakkantā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Bodhisattaabhivesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para57"></a><a name="para57_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">57</span>. <span class="bld">Vāsūpagatassā</span>ti bodhimaṇḍe ekarattivāsaṃ upagatassa. <span class="bld">Rahogatassā</span>ti rahasi gatassa. <span class="bld">Paṭisallīnassā</span>ti ekībhāvavasena nilīnassa. <span class="bld">Kiccha</span>nti dukkhaṃ. <span class="bld">Cavati ca upapajjati cā</span>ti idaṃ dvayaṃ pana aparāparaṃ cutipaṭisandhiṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Jarāmaraṇassā</span>ti ettha yasmā pabbajanto jiṇṇabyādhimatteyeva disvā pabbajito, tasmāssa jarāmaraṇameva upaṭṭhāti. Tenevāha <a name="V2.0045"></a> – ‘‘jarāmaraṇassā’’ti. Iti jarāmaraṇaṃ mūlaṃ katvā abhiniviṭṭhassa bhavaggato otarantassa viya – atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yonisomanasikārā</span>ti upāyamanasikārā pathamanasikārā. Aniccādīni hi aniccāditova manasikaroto yonisomanasikāro nāma hoti. Ayañca – ‘‘kismiṃ nu kho satijātiādīni honti, kismiṃ asati na hontī’’ti udayabbayānupassanāvasena pavattattā tesaṃ aññataro<a name="M2.0051"></a>. Tasmāssa ito yonisomanasikārā iminā upāyamanasikārena <span class="bld">ahu paññāya abhisamayo,</span> bodhisattassa paññāya yasmiṃ sati jarāmaraṇaṃ hoti, tena jarāmaraṇakāraṇena saddhiṃ samāgamo ahosi. Kiṃ pana tanti? Jāti. Tenāha – ‘‘jātiyā kho sati jarāmaraṇaṃ hotī’’ti. Yā cāyaṃ jarāmaraṇassa kāraṇapariggāhikā paññā, tāya saddhiṃ bodhisattassa samāgamo ahosīti ayamettha attho. Etenupāyena sabbapadāni veditabbāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nāmarūpe kho sati viññāṇa</span>nti ettha pana saṅkhāresu sati viññāṇanti ca, avijjāya sati saṅkhārāti ca vattabbaṃ bhaveyya, tadubhayampi na gahitaṃ. Kasmā? Avijjāsaṅkhārā hi atīto bhavo tehi saddhiṃ ayaṃ vipassanā na ghaṭiyati. Mahāpuriso hi paccuppannavasena abhiniviṭṭhoti. Nanu ca avijjāsaṅkhārehi adiṭṭhehi na sakkā buddhena bhavitunti. Saccaṃ na sakkā, iminā pana te bhavaupādānataṇhāvaseneva diṭṭhāti. Imasmiṃ ṭhāne <a name="P2.0460"></a> vitthārato paṭiccasamuppādakathā kathetabbā. Sā panesā visuddhimagge kathitāva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para58"></a><a name="para58_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">58</span>. <span class="bld">Paccudāvattatī</span>ti paṭinivattati. Katamaṃ panettha viññāṇaṃ paccudāvattatīti? Paṭisandhiviññāṇampi vipassanāñāṇampi. Tattha paṭisandhiviññāṇaṃ paccayato paṭinivattati, vipassanāñāṇaṃ ārammaṇato. Ubhayampi nāmarūpaṃ nātikkamati, nāmarūpato paraṃ na gacchati. <span class="bld">Ettāvatā jāyetha vā</span>tiādīsu viññāṇe nāmarūpassa paccaye honte, nāmarūpe ca viññāṇassa paccaye honte, dvīsupi aññamaññapaccayesu hontesu ettakena jāyetha vā…pe… upapajjetha vā, ito hi paraṃ kiṃ aññaṃ jāyeyya vā…pe… upapajjeyya vā. Nanu etadeva jāyati ca…pe… upapajjati cāti? Evaṃ saddhiṃ aparāparacutipaṭisandhīhi pañca padāni dassetvā puna taṃ ettāvatāti vuttamatthaṃ niyyātento – ‘‘yadidaṃ nāmarūpapaccayā viññāṇaṃ, viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpa’’nti vatvā tato paraṃ anulomapaccayākāravasena viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpamūlaṃ <a name="V2.0046"></a> āyatimpi jātijarāmaraṇaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">nāmarūpapaccayā saḷāyatana</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hotī</span>ti sakalassa jātijarāmaraṇasokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsādibhedassa dukkharāsissa nibbatti hoti. Iti mahāpuriso sakalassa vaṭṭadukkhassa nibbattiṃ addasa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para59"></a><a name="para59_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">59</span>. <span class="bld">Samudayo</span> <a name="M2.0052"></a> <span class="bld">samudayoti kho</span>ti nibbatti nibbattīti kho. <span class="bld">Pubbe ananussutesū</span>ti na anussutesu assutapubbesu. <span class="bld">Cakkhuṃ udapādī</span>tiādīsu udayadassanapaññāvesā. Dassanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">cakkhu,</span> ñātakaraṇaṭṭhena <span class="bld">ñāṇaṃ,</span> pajānanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">paññā,</span> nibbijjhitvā paṭivijjhitvā uppannaṭṭhena <span class="bld">vijjā,</span> obhāsaṭṭhena ca <span class="bld">āloko</span>ti vuttā. Yathāha – ‘‘cakkhuṃ udapādīti dassanaṭṭhena. Ñāṇaṃ udapādīti ñātaṭṭhena. Paññā udapādīti pajānanaṭṭhena. Vijjā udapādīti paṭivedhaṭṭhena. Āloko udapādīti obhāsaṭṭhena. Cakkhudhammo dassanaṭṭho attho. Ñāṇadhammo ñātaṭṭho attho. Paññādhammo pajānanaṭṭho attho. Vijjādhammo paṭivedhaṭṭho attho. Āloko dhammo obhāsaṭṭho attho’’ti (paṭi. ma. 2.39). Ettakehi padehi kiṃ <a name="P2.0461"></a> kathitanti? Imasmiṃ sati idaṃ hotīti paccayasañjānanamattaṃ kathitaṃ. Athavā vīthipaṭipannā taruṇavipassanā kathitāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para61"></a><a name="para61_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">61</span>. <span class="bld">Adhigato kho myāya</span>nti adhigato kho me ayaṃ. <span class="bld">Maggo</span>ti vipassanāmaggo. <span class="bld">Bodhāyā</span>ti catusaccabujjhanatthāya, nibbānabujjhanatthāya eva vā. Api ca bujjhatīti <span class="bld">bodhi,</span> ariyamaggassetaṃ nāmaṃ, tadatthāyātipi vuttaṃ hoti. Vipassanāmaggamūlako hi ariyamaggoti. Idāni taṃ maggaṃ niyyātento – <span class="bld">‘‘yadidaṃ nāmarūpanirodhā</span>tiādimāha. Ettha ca <span class="bld">viññāṇanirodho</span>tiādīhi paccattapadehi nibbānameva kathitaṃ. Iti mahāpuriso sakalassa vaṭṭadukkhassa anibbattinirodhaṃ addasa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para62"></a><a name="para62_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">62</span>. <span class="bld">Nirodho nirodhoti kho</span>ti anibbatti anibbattiti kho. <span class="bld">Cakkhu</span>ntiādīni vuttatthāneva. Idha pana sabbeheva etehi padehi – ‘‘imasmiṃ asati idaṃ na hotī’’ti nirodhasañjānanamattameva kathitaṃ, athavā vuṭṭhānagāminī balavavipassanā kathitāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para63"></a><a name="para63_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">63</span>. <span class="bld">Aparena samayenā</span>ti evaṃ paccayañca paccayanirodhañca viditvā tato aparabhāge. <span class="bld">Upādānakkhandhesū</span>ti upādānassa paccayabhūtesu khandhesu. <span class="bld">Udayabbayānupassī</span>ti tameva paṭhamaṃ diṭṭhaṃ udayañca vayañca anupassamāno. <span class="bld">Vihāsī</span>ti sikhāpattaṃ vuṭṭhānagāminivipassanaṃ vahanto vihari. Idaṃ kasmā vuttaṃ? Sabbeyeva hi pūritapāramino bodhisattā pacchimabhave puttassa jātadivase <a name="V2.0047"></a><a name="M2.0053"></a> mahābhinikkhamanaṃ nikkhamitvā pabbajitvā padhānamanuyuñjitvā bodhipallaṅkamāruyha mārabalaṃ vidhamitvā paṭhamayāme pubbenivāsaṃ anussaranti, dutiyayāme dibbacakkhuṃ visodhenti, tatiyayāme paccayākāraṃ sammasitvā ānāpānacatutthajjhānato uṭṭhāya pañcasu khandhesu abhinivisitvā udayabbayavasena samapaññāsa lakkhaṇāni disvā yāva gotrabhuñāṇā vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā ariyamaggena sakale buddhaguṇe paṭivijjhanti. Ayampi mahāpuriso pūritapāramī. So yathāvuttaṃ sabbaṃ anukkamaṃ katvā pacchimayāme ānāpānacatutthajjhānato uṭṭhāya pañcasu khandhesu abhinivisitvā vuttappakāraṃ udayabbayavipassanaṃ ārabhi. Taṃ dassetuṃ idaṃ vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="P2.0462"></a> <span class="bld">iti rūpa</span>nti idaṃ rūpaṃ, ettakaṃ rūpaṃ, ito uddhaṃ rūpaṃ natthīti ruppanasabhāvañceva bhūtupādāyabhedañca ādiṃ katvā lakkhaṇarasapaccupaṭṭhānapadaṭṭhānavasena anavasesarūpapariggaho vutto. <span class="bld">Iti rūpassa samudayo</span>ti iminā evaṃ pariggahitassa rūpassa samudayadassanaṃ vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">itī</span>ti evaṃ samudayo hotīti attho. Tassa vitthāro – ‘‘avijjāsamudayā rūpasamudayo, taṇhāsamudayā rūpasamudayo, kammasamudayā rūpasamudayo, āhārasamudayā rūpasamudayoti, nibbattilakkhaṇaṃ passantopi rūpakkhandhassa udayaṃ passatī’’ti evaṃ veditabbo. Atthaṅgamepi ‘‘avijjānirodhā rūpanirodho…pe… vipariṇāmalakkhaṇaṃ passantopi rūpakkhandhassa nirodhaṃ passatī’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.50) ayamassa vitthāro.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Iti vedanā</span>tiādīsupi ayaṃ vedanā, ettakā vedanā, ito uddhaṃ vedanā natthi. Ayaṃ saññā, ime saṅkhārā, idaṃ viññāṇaṃ, ettakaṃ viññāṇaṃ, ito uddhaṃ viññāṇaṃ natthīti vedayitasañjānanaabhisaṅkharaṇavijānanasabhāvañceva sukhādirūpasaññādi phassādi cakkhuviññāṇādi bhedañca ādiṃ katvā lakkhaṇarasapaccupaṭṭhānapadaṭṭhānavasena anavasesavedanāsaññāsaṅkhāraviññāṇapariggaho vutto. <span class="bld">Iti vedanāya samudayo</span>tiādīhi pana evaṃ pariggahitānaṃ vedanāsaññāsaṅkhāraviññāṇānaṃ samudayadassanaṃ vuttaṃ. Tatrāpi <span class="bld">itī</span>ti evaṃ samudayo hotīti attho. Tesampi vitthāro – ‘‘avijjāsamudayā vedanāsamudayo’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.50) rūpe vuttanayeneva veditabbo. Ayaṃ pana viseso – tīsu khandhesu ‘‘āhārasamudayā’’ti avatvā ‘‘phassasamudayā’’ti vattabbaṃ. Viññāṇakkhandhe ‘‘nāmarūpasamudayā’’ti <a name="M2.0054"></a> atthaṅgamapadampi tesaṃyeva vasena yojetabbaṃ. Ayamettha saṅkhepo, vitthāro pana udayabbayavinicchayo sabbākāraparipūro visuddhimagge vutto. <span class="bld">Tassa pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu udayabbayānupassino viharato</span>ti tassa vipassissa bodhisattassa imesu rūpādīsu pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu samapaññāsalakkhaṇavasena udayabbayānupassino viharato yathānukkamena vaḍḍhite vipassanāñāṇe anuppādanirodhena nirujjhamānehi <a name="V2.0048"></a> āsavasaṅkhātehi kilesehi anupādāya aggahetvāva cittaṃ vimuccati, tadetaṃ <a name="P2.0463"></a> maggakkhaṇe vimuccati nāma, phalakkhaṇe vimuttaṃ nāma; maggakkhaṇe vā vimuttañceva vimuccati ca, phalakkhaṇe vimuttameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettāvatā ca mahāpuriso sabbabandhanā vippamutto sūriyarasmisamphuṭṭhamiva padumaṃ suvikasitacittasantāno cattāri maggañāṇāni, cattāri phalañāṇāni, catasso paṭisambhidā, catuyoniparicchedakañāṇaṃ, pañcagatiparicchedakañāṇaṃ, cha asādhāraṇañāṇāni, sakale ca buddhaguṇe hatthagate katvā paripuṇṇasaṅkappo bodhipallaṅke nisinnova –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Anekajātisaṃsāraṃ, sandhāvissaṃ anibbisaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Gahakāraṃ gavesanto, dukkhā jāti punappunaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Gahakāraka diṭṭhosi, puna gehaṃ na kāhasi;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Sabbā te phāsukā bhaggā, gahakūṭaṃ visaṅkhataṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Visaṅkhāragataṃ cittaṃ, taṇhānaṃ khayamajjhagā’’ti. (dha. pa. 153, 154);</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Ayoghanahatasseva, jalato jātavedaso;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Anupubbūpasantassa, yathā na ñāyate gati.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Evaṃ sammāvimuttānaṃ, kāmabandhoghatārinaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Paññāpetuṃ gati natthi, pattānaṃ acalaṃ sukha’’nti. (udā. 80);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ manasi karonto sarade sūriyo viya, puṇṇacando viya ca virocitthāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Dutiyabhāṇavāravaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Brahmayācanakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para64"></a><a name="para64_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">64</span>. Tatiyabhāṇavāre <a name="V2.0049"></a><a name="M2.0055"></a> <span class="bld">yaṃnūnāhaṃ dhammaṃ deseyya</span>nti yadi panāhaṃ dhammaṃ deseyyaṃ. Ayaṃ pana vitakko kadā uppannoti? Buddhabhūtassa aṭṭhame sattāhe. So kira buddho hutvā sattāhaṃ bodhipallaṅke nisīdi, sattāhaṃ bodhipallaṅkaṃ olokento aṭṭhāsi, sattāhaṃ ratanacaṅkame caṅkami, sattāhaṃ ratanagabbhe dhammaṃ vicinanto nisīdi, sattāhaṃ ajapālanigrodhe nisīdi, sattāhaṃ mucalinde nisīdi, sattāhaṃ rājāyatane nisīdi. Tato uṭṭhāya aṭṭhame sattāhe puna āgantvā ajapālanigrodhe nisinnamattasseva <a name="P2.0464"></a> sabbabuddhānaṃ āciṇṇasamāciṇṇo ayañceva ito anantaro ca vitakko uppannoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">adhigato</span>ti paṭividdho. <span class="bld">Dhammo</span>ti catusaccadhammo. <span class="bld">Gambhīro</span>ti uttānabhāvapaṭikkhepavacanametaṃ. <span class="bld">Duddaso</span>ti gambhīrattāva duddaso dukkhena daṭṭhabbo, na sakkā sukhena daṭṭhuṃ. Duddasattāva <span class="bld">duranubodho</span> dukkhena avabujjhitabbo, na sakkā sukhena avabujjhituṃ. <span class="bld">Santo</span>ti nibbuto. <span class="bld">Paṇīto</span>ti atappako. Idaṃ dvayaṃ lokuttarameva sandhāya vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Atakkāvacaro</span>ti takkena avacaritabbo ogāhitabbo na hoti, ñāṇeneva avacaritabbo. <span class="bld">Nipuṇo</span>ti saṇho. <span class="bld">Paṇḍitavedanīyo</span>ti sammāpaṭipadaṃ paṭipannehi paṇḍitehi veditabbo. <span class="bld">Ālayarāmā</span>ti sattā pañcasu kāmaguṇesu allīyanti, tasmā te ālayāti vuccanti. Aṭṭhasatataṇhāvicaritāni ālayanti, tasmā ālayāti vuccanti. Tehi ālayehi ramantīti <span class="bld">ālayarāmā.</span> Ālayesu ratāti <span class="bld">ālayaratā.</span> Ālayesu suṭṭhu muditāti <span class="bld">ālayasammuditā.</span> Yatheva hi susajjitaṃ pupphaphalabharitarukkhādisampannaṃ uyyānaṃ paviṭṭho rājā tāya tāya sampattiyā ramati, pamudito āmodito hoti, na ukkaṇṭhati, sāyaṃ nikkhamituṃ na icchati, evamimehipi kāmālayataṇhālayehi sattā ramanti, saṃsāravaṭṭe pamuditā anukkaṇṭhitā vasanti. Tena nesaṃ bhagavā duvidhampi ālayaṃ uyyānabhūmiṃ viya dassento – ‘‘ālayarāmā’’tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yadida</span>nti nipāto, tassa ṭhānaṃ sandhāya – ‘‘yaṃ ida’’nti, paṭiccasamuppādaṃ sandhāya – ‘‘yo aya’’nti evamattho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Idappaccayatāpaṭiccasamuppādo</span>ti imesaṃ paccayā idappaccayā, idappaccayā eva idappaccayatā, idappaccayatā ca sā paṭiccasamuppādo cāti idappaccayatāpaṭiccasamuppādo. Saṅkhārādipaccayānaṃ <a name="M2.0056"></a> avijjādīnaṃ etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbasaṅkhārasamatho</span>tiādi sabbaṃ nibbānameva. Yasmā hi taṃ āgamma sabbasaṅkhāravipphanditāni sammanti <a name="V2.0050"></a> vūpasammanti tasmā – ‘‘sabbasaṅkhārasamatho’’ti vuccati. Yasmā ca taṃ āgamma sabbe upadhayo paṭinissaṭṭhā honti, sabbā taṇhā khīyanti<a name="P2.0465"></a>, sabbe kilesarāgā virajjanti, sabbaṃ dukkhaṃ nirujjhati, tasmā ‘‘sabbūpadhipaṭinissaggo taṇhākkhayo virāgo nirodho’’ti vuccati. Sā panesā taṇhā bhavena bhavaṃ, phalena vā saddhiṃ kammaṃ vinati saṃsibbatīti katvā vānanti vuccati. Tato vānato nikkhantanti <span class="bld">nibbānaṃ. So mamassa kilamatho</span>ti yā ajānantānaṃ desanā nāma, so mama kilamatho assa, sā mama vihesā assāti attho. Kāyakilamatho ceva kāyavihesā ca assāti vuttaṃ hoti, citte pana ubhayampetaṃ buddhānaṃ natthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para65"></a><a name="para65_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">65</span>. <span class="bld">Apissū</span>ti anubrūhanatthe nipāto. So – ‘‘na kevalaṃ etadahosi, imāpi gāthā paṭibhaṃsū’’ti dīpeti. <span class="bld">Vipassi</span>ntiādīsu vipassissa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassāti attho. <span class="bld">Anacchariyā</span>ti anuacchariyā. <span class="bld">Paṭibhaṃsū</span>ti paṭibhānasaṅkhātassa ñāṇassa gocarā ahesuṃ, parivitakkayitabbataṃ pāpuṇiṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kicchenā</span>ti dukkhena, na dukkhāya paṭipadāya. Buddhānañhi cattāropi maggā sukhapaṭipadāva honti. Pāramīpūraṇakāle pana sarāgasadosasamohasseva sato āgatāgatānaṃ yācakānaṃ alaṅkatapaṭiyattaṃ sīsaṃ chinditvā galalohitaṃ nīharitvā suañjitāni akkhīni uppāṭetvā kulavaṃsapadīpakaṃ puttaṃ manāpacāriniṃ bhariyanti evamādīni dentassa aññāni ca khantivādisadisesu attabhāvesu chejjabhejjādīni pāpuṇantassa āgamanīyapaṭipadaṃ sandhāyetaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Hala</span>nti ettha hakāro nipātamatto, alanti attho. <span class="bld">Pakāsitu</span>nti desetuṃ; evaṃ kicchena adhigatassa dhammassa alaṃ desetuṃ; ko attho desitenāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Rāgadosaparetehī</span>ti rāgadosaphuṭṭhehi rāgadosānugatehi vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭisotagāmi</span>nti niccādīnaṃ paṭisotaṃ aniccaṃ dukkhamanattāsubhanti evaṃ gataṃ catusaccadhammaṃ. <span class="bld">Rāgarattā</span>ti kāmarāgena bhavarāgena diṭṭhirāgena ca rattā. <span class="bld">Na dakkhantī</span>ti aniccaṃ dukkhamanattā asubhanti iminā sabhāvena na passissanti<a name="M2.0057"></a>, te apassante ko sakkhissati evaṃ gāhāpetuṃ? <span class="bld">Tamokhandhena āvuṭā</span>ti <a name="P2.0466"></a> avijjārāsinā ajjhotthaṭā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Appossukkatāyā</span>ti nirussukkabhāvena, adesetukāmatāyāti attho. Kasmā panassa evaṃ cittaṃ nami? Nanu esa – ‘‘mutto mocessāmī, tiṇṇo tāressāmi’’,</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Kiṃ <a name="V2.0051"></a> me aññātavesena, dhammaṃ sacchikatenidha;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sabbaññutaṃ pāpuṇitvā, santāressaṃ sadevaka’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Patthanaṃ katvā pāramiyo pūretvā sabbaññutaṃ pattoti. Saccametaṃ, paccavekkhaṇānubhāvena panassa evaṃ cittaṃ nami. Tassa hi sabbaññutaṃ patvā sattānaṃ kilesagahanataṃ dhammassa ca gambhīrataṃ paccavekkhantassa sattānaṃ kilesagahanatā ca dhammagambhīratā ca sabbākārena pākaṭā jātā. Athassa – ‘‘ime sattā kañjikapuṇṇalābu viya takkabharitacāṭi viya vasātelapītapilotikā viya añjanamakkhitahatthā viya kilesabharitā atisaṃkiliṭṭhā rāgarattā dosaduṭṭhā mohamūḷhā, te kiṃ nāma paṭivijjhissantī’’ti cintayato kilesagahanapaccavekkhaṇānubhāvenāpi evaṃ cittaṃ nami.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Ayañca dhammo pathavīsandhārakaudakakkhandho viya gambhīro, pabbatena paṭicchādetvā ṭhapito sāsapo viya duddaso, satadhā bhinnassa vālassa koṭiyā koṭiṃ paṭipādanaṃ viya duranubodho, nanu mayā hi imaṃ dhammaṃ paṭivijjhituṃ vāyamantena adinnaṃ dānaṃ nāma natthi, arakkhitaṃ sīlaṃ nāma natthi, aparipūritā kāci pāramī nāma natthi. Tassa me nirussāhaṃ viya mārabalaṃ vidhamantassāpi pathavī na kampittha, paṭhamayāme pubbenivāsaṃ anussarantassāpi na kampittha, majjhimayāme dibbacakkhuṃ visodhentassāpi na kampittha, pacchimayāme pana paṭiccasamuppādaṃ paṭivijjhantasseva me dasasahassilokadhātu kampittha. Iti mādisenāpi tikkhañāṇena kicchenevāyaṃ dhammo paṭividdho taṃ lokiyamahājanā kathaṃ paṭivijjhissantī’’ti dhammagambhīratāpaccavekkhaṇānubhāvenāpi evaṃ cittaṃ namīti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica <a name="M2.0058"></a> brahmunā yācite desetukāmatāyapissa evaṃ cittaṃ <a name="P2.0467"></a> nami. Jānāti hi bhagavā – ‘‘mama appossukkatāya citte namamāne maṃ mahābrahmā dhammadesanaṃ yācissati, ime ca sattā brahmagarukā, te ‘satthā kira dhammaṃ na desetukāmo ahosi, atha naṃ mahābrahmā yācitvā desāpesi, santo vata bho dhammo, paṇīto vata bho dhammo’ti maññamānā sussūsissantī’’ti. Imampissa kāraṇaṃ paṭicca appossukkatāya cittaṃ nami, no dhammadesanāyāti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para66"></a><a name="para66_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">66</span>. <span class="bld">Aññatarassā</span>ti ettha kiñcāpi ‘‘aññataro’’ti vuttaṃ, atha kho imasmiṃ cakkavāḷe jeṭṭhakamahābrahmā esoti veditabbo. <span class="bld">Nassati vata bho loko</span>ti so kira imaṃ saddaṃ tathā nicchāresi, yathā dasasahassilokadhātubrahmāno sutvā sabbe sannipatiṃsu. <span class="bld">Yatra hi nāmā</span>ti <a name="V2.0052"></a> yasmiṃ nāma loke. <span class="bld">Purato pāturahosī</span>ti tehi dasahi brahmasahassehi saddhiṃ pāturahosi. <span class="bld">Apparajakkhajātikā</span>ti paññāmaye akkhimhi appaṃ parittaṃ rāgadosamoharajaṃ etesaṃ, evaṃ sabhāvāti apparajakkhajātikā. <span class="bld">Assavanatā</span>ti assavanatāya. <span class="bld">Bhavissantī</span>ti purimabuddhesu dasapuññakiriyavatthuvasena katādhikārā paripākagatā padumāni viya sūriyarasmisamphassaṃ, dhammadesanaṃyeva ākaṅkhamānā catuppadikagāthāvasāne ariyabhūmiṃ okkamanārahā na eko, na dve, anekasatasahassā dhammassa aññātāro bhavissantīti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para69"></a><a name="para69_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">69</span>. <span class="bld">Ajjhesana</span>nti evaṃ tikkhattuṃ yācanaṃ. <span class="bld">Buddhacakkhunā</span>ti indriyaparopariyattañāṇena ca āsayānusayañāṇena ca. Imesañhi dvinnaṃ ñāṇānaṃ ‘‘buddhacakkhū’’ti nāmaṃ, sabbaññutaññāṇassa ‘‘samantacakkhū’’ti, tiṇṇaṃ maggañāṇānaṃ ‘‘dhammacakkhū’’ti. <span class="bld">Apparajakkhe</span>tiādīsu yesaṃ vuttanayeneva paññācakkhumhi rāgādirajaṃ appaṃ, te <span class="bld">apparajakkhā.</span> Yesaṃ taṃ mahantaṃ, te <span class="bld">mahārajakkhā.</span> Yesaṃ saddhādīni indriyāni tikkhāni, te <span class="bld">tikkhindriyā.</span> Yesaṃ tāni mudūni, te <span class="bld">mudindriyā.</span> Yesaṃ teyeva saddhādayo ākārā sundarā, te <span class="bld">svākārā.</span> Ye kathitakāraṇaṃ sallakkhenti, sukhena sakkā honti viññāpetuṃ, te <span class="bld">suviññāpayā.</span> Ye paralokañceva vajjañca bhayato passanti, te <span class="bld">paralokavajjabhayadassāvino</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ayaṃ <a name="M2.0059"></a><a name="P2.0468"></a> panettha pāḷi – ‘‘saddho puggalo apparajakkho, assaddho puggalo mahārajakkho.… Āraddhavīriyo…pe… kusīto… upaṭṭhitassati… muṭṭhassati… samāhito… asamāhito… paññavā… duppañño puggalo mahārajakkho. Tathā saddho puggalo tikkhindriyo…pe… paññavā puggalo paralokavajjabhayadassāvī, duppañño puggalo na paralokavajjabhayadassāvī. <span class="bld">Loko</span>ti khandhaloko, dhātuloko, āyatanaloko, sampattibhavaloko, vipattibhavaloko, sampattisambhavaloko, vipattisambhavaloko. Eko loko – sabbe sattā āhāraṭṭhitikā. Dve lokā – nāmañca rūpañca. Tayo lokā – tisso vedanā. Cattāro lokā – cattāro āhārā. Pañca lokā – pañcupādānakkhandhā. Cha lokā – cha ajjhattikāni āyatanāni. Satta lokā – satta viññāṇaṭṭhitiyo. Aṭṭha lokā – aṭṭha lokadhammā. Nava lokā – nava sattāvāsā. Dasa lokā – dasāyatanāni. Dvādasa lokā – dvādasāyatanāni. Aṭṭhārasa lokā – aṭṭhārasa dhātuyo. <span class="bld">Vajja</span>nti sabbe kilesā vajjaṃ, sabbe duccaritā vajjaṃ, sabbe abhisaṅkhārā vajjaṃ, sabbe bhavagāmikammā vajjaṃ. Iti imasmiñca loke imasmiñca vajje tibbā bhayasaññā paccupaṭṭhitā hoti, seyyathāpi ukkhittāsike vadhake<a name="V2.0053"></a>. Imehi paññāsāya ākārehi imāni pañcindriyāni jānāti passati aññāti paṭivijjhati, idaṃ tathāgatassa indriyaparopariyatte ñāṇa’’nti (paṭi. ma. 1.112).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uppaliniya</span>nti uppalavane. Itaresupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Antonimuggaposīnī</span>ti yāni aññānipi padumāni antonimuggāneva posayanti. <span class="bld">Udakaṃ accuggamma ṭhitānī</span>ti udakaṃ atikkamitvā ṭhitāni. Tattha yāni accuggamma ṭhitāni, tāni sūriyarasmisamphassaṃ āgamayamānāni ṭhitāni ajja pupphanakāni. Yāni samodakaṃ ṭhitāni, tāni sve pupphanakāni. Yāni udakānuggatāni antoudakaposīni, tāni tatiyadivase pupphanakāni. Udakā pana anuggatāni aññānipi sarojauppalādīni nāma <a name="P2.0469"></a> atthi, yāni neva pupphissanti, macchakacchapabhakkhāneva bhavissanti, tāni pāḷiṃ nārūḷhāni. Āharitvā pana dīpetabbānīti dīpitāni. Yatheva hi tāni catubbidhāni pupphāni, evameva ugghaṭitaññū, vipañcitaññū, neyyo, padaparamoti cattāro puggalā. Tattha yassa <a name="M2.0060"></a> puggalassa saha udāhaṭavelāya dhammābhisamayo hoti, ayaṃ vuccati puggalo <span class="bld">ugghaṭitaññū.</span> Yassa puggalassa saṅkhittena bhāsitassa vitthārena atthe vibhajiyamāne dhammābhisamayo hoti, ayaṃ vuccati puggalo <span class="bld">vipañcitaññū.</span> Yassa puggalassa uddesato paripucchato yonisomanasikaroto kalyāṇamitte sevato bhajato payirupāsato anupubbena dhammābhisamayo hoti, ayaṃ vuccati puggalo <span class="bld">neyyo.</span> Yassa puggalassa bahumpi suṇato bahumpi bhaṇato bahumpi gaṇhato bahumpi dhārayato bahumpi vācayato na tāya jātiyā dhammābhisamayo hoti, ayaṃ vuccati puggalo <span class="bld">padaparamo</span> (pu. pa. 148, 149, 150, 151).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha bhagavā uppalavanādisadisaṃ dasasahassilokadhātuṃ olokento – ‘‘ajja pupphanakāni viya ugghaṭitaññū, sve pupphanakāni viya vipañcitaññū, tatiyadivase pupphanakāni viya neyyo, macchakacchapabhakkhāni viya padaparamo’’ti addasa. Passanto ca – ‘‘ettakā apparajakkhā, ettakā mahārajakkhā. Tatrāpi ettakā ugghaṭitaññū’’ti evaṃ sabbākārato addasa. Tattha tiṇṇaṃ puggalānaṃ imasmiṃyeva attabhāve bhagavato dhammadesanā atthaṃ sādheti, padaparamānaṃ anāgate vāsanatthāya hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha bhagavā imesaṃ catunnaṃ puggalānaṃ atthāvahaṃ dhammadesanaṃ viditvā desetukamyataṃ uppādetvā puna te sabbesupi tīsu bhavesu sabbe satte bhabbābhabbavasena dve koṭṭhāse akāsi. Ye sandhāya vuttaṃ – ‘‘ye te sattā kammāvaraṇena samannāgatā, vipākāvaraṇena samannāgatā, kilesāvaraṇena <a name="V2.0054"></a> samannāgatā, assaddhā acchandikā duppaññā abhabbā niyāmaṃ okkamituṃ kusalesu dhammesu sammattaṃ, ime te sattā abhabbā. Katame sattā bhabbā? Ye te sattā na kammāvaraṇena…pe…ime te sattā bhabbā’’ti (vibha. 827; paṭi. ma. 1.114).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha sabbepi abhabbapuggale <a name="P2.0470"></a> pahāya bhabbapuggaleyeva ñāṇena pariggahetvā – ‘‘ettakā rāgacaritā, ettakā dosamohavitakkasaddhābuddhicaritā’’ti cha koṭṭhāse akāsi. Evaṃ katvā – ‘‘dhammaṃ desessāmī’’ti cintesi<a name="M2.0061"></a>. Brahmā taṃ ñatvā somanassajāto bhagavantaṃ gāthāhi ajjhabhāsi. Idaṃ sandhāya – ‘‘atha kho so, bhikkhave, mahābrahmā’’tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para70"></a><a name="para70_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">70</span>. Tattha <span class="bld">ajjhabhāsī</span>ti adhiabhāsi, adhikicca ārabbha abhāsīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sele yathā pabbatamuddhaniṭṭhito</span>ti selamaye ekagghane pabbatamuddhani yathāṭhitova, na hi tattha ṭhitassa dassanatthaṃ gīvukkhipanapasāraṇādikiccaṃ atthi. <span class="bld">Tathūpama</span>nti tappaṭibhāgaṃ selapabbatūpamaṃ. Ayaṃ panettha saṅkhepattho, yathā selapabbatamuddhani yathāṭhitova cakkhumā puriso samantato janataṃ passeyya, tathā tvampi sumedha, sundarapaññasabbaññutaññāṇena samantacakkhu bhagavā dhammamayaṃ paññāmayaṃ pāsādamāruyha sayaṃ apetasoko sokāvatiṇṇaṃ jātijarābhibhūtaṃ janataṃ apekkhassu, upadhāraya upaparikkha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ayamettha adhippāyo – yathā hi pabbatapāde samantā mahantaṃ khettaṃ katvā tattha kedārapāḷīsu kuṭikāyo katvā rattiṃ aggiṃ jāleyyuṃ. Caturaṅgasamannāgatañca andhakāraṃ assa. Athassa pabbatassa matthake ṭhatvā cakkhumato purisassa bhūmiṃ olokayato neva khettaṃ, na kedārapāḷiyo, na kuṭiyo, na tattha sayitamanussā paññāyeyyuṃ, kuṭikāsu pana aggijālamattameva paññāyeyya. Evaṃ dhammapāsādamāruyha sattanikāyaṃ olokayato tathāgatassa ye te akatakalyāṇā sattā, te ekavihāre dakkhiṇajāṇupasse nisinnāpi buddhacakkhussa āpāthaṃ nāgacchanti, rattiṃ khittasarā viya honti. Ye pana katakalyāṇā veneyyapuggalā, te tassa dūre ṭhitāpi āpāthaṃ āgacchanti, so aggi viya himavantapabbato viya ca. Vuttampi cetaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Dūre santo pakāsenti, himavantova pabbato;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Asantettha na dissanti, rattiṃ khittā yathā sarā’’ti. (dha. pa. 304);</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uṭṭhehī</span>ti <a name="P2.0471"></a><a name="V2.0055"></a> bhagavato dhammadesanatthaṃ cārikacaraṇaṃ yācanto bhaṇati. <span class="bld">Vīrā</span>tiādīsu bhagavā vīriyavantatāya <span class="bld">vīro,</span> devaputtamaccukilesamārānaṃ vijitattā <a name="M2.0062"></a> <span class="bld">vijitasaṅgāmo,</span> jātikantarādinittharaṇatthāya veneyyasatthavāhanasamatthatāya <span class="bld">satthavāho,</span> kāmacchandaiṇassa abhāvato <span class="bld">aṇaṇo</span>ti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para71"></a><a name="para71_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">71</span>. <span class="bld">Apārutā</span>ti vivaṭā. <span class="bld">Amatassa dvārā</span>ti ariyamaggo. So hi amatasaṅkhātassa nibbānassa dvāraṃ. So mayā vivaritvā ṭhapitoti dasseti. <span class="bld">Pamuñcantu saddha</span>nti sabbe attano saddhaṃ pamuñcantu vissajjentu. Pacchimapadadvaye ayamattho, ahañhi attano paguṇaṃ suppavattitampi imaṃ paṇītaṃ uttamaṃ dhammaṃ kāyavācākilamathasaññī hutvā na bhāsiṃ, idāni pana sabbe janā saddhābhājanaṃ upanentu, pūressāmi tesaṃ saṅkappanti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Aggasāvakayugavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para73"></a><a name="para73_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">73</span>. <span class="bld">Bodhirukkhamūle</span>ti bodhirukkhassa avidūre ajapālanigrodhe antarahitoti attho. <span class="bld">Kheme migadāye</span>ti isipatanaṃ tena samayena khemaṃ nāma uyyānaṃ hoti, migānaṃ pana abhayavāsatthāya dinnattā migadāyoti vuccati. Taṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ – ‘‘kheme migadāye’’ti. Yathā ca vipassī bhagavā, evaṃ aññepi buddhā paṭhamaṃ dhammadesanatthāya gacchantā ākāsena gantvā tattheva otaranti. Amhākaṃ pana bhagavā upakassa ājīvakassa upanissayaṃ disvā – ‘‘upako imaṃ addhānaṃ paṭipanno, so maṃ disvā sallapitvā gamissati. Atha puna nibbindanto āgamma arahattaṃ sacchikarissatī’’ti ñatvā aṭṭhārasayojanamaggaṃ padasāva agamāsi. <span class="bld">Dāyapālaṃ āmantesī</span>ti disvāva punappunaṃ oloketvā – ‘‘ayyo no, bhante, āgato’’ti vatvā upagataṃ āmantesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para75-6"></a><a name="para75-6_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">75-6</span>. <span class="bld">Anupubbiṃ katha</span>nti dānakathaṃ, dānānantaraṃ sīlaṃ, sīlānantaraṃ saggaṃ, saggānantaraṃ magganti evaṃ anupaṭipāṭikathaṃ kathesi. Tattha <span class="bld">dānakatha</span>nti idaṃ dānaṃ nāma sukhānaṃ nidānaṃ, sampattīnaṃ mūlaṃ, bhogānaṃ patiṭṭhā, visamagatassa tāṇaṃ leṇaṃ gati parāyaṇaṃ, idhalokaparalokesu dānasadiso avassayo <a name="P2.0472"></a> patiṭṭhā ārammaṇaṃ tāṇaṃ leṇaṃ gati parāyaṇaṃ natthi. Idañhi avassayaṭṭhena ratanamayasīhāsanasadisaṃ, patiṭṭhānaṭṭhena mahāpathavīsadisaṃ, ārammaṇaṭṭhena <a name="M2.0063"></a> ālambanarajjusadisaṃ. Idañhi dukkhanittharaṇaṭṭhena nāvā, samassāsanaṭṭhena saṅgāmasūro, bhayaparittāṇaṭṭhena susaṅkhatanagaraṃ, maccheramalādīhi anupalittaṭṭhena padumaṃ, tesaṃ nidahanaṭṭhena aggi, durāsadaṭṭhena <a name="V2.0056"></a> āsīviso, asantāsanaṭṭhena sīho, balavantaṭṭhena hatthī, abhimaṅgalasammataṭṭhena setausabho, khemantabhūmisampāpanaṭṭhena valāhakaassarājā. Dānañhi loke sakkasampattiṃ mārasampattiṃ brahmasampattiṃ cakkavattisampattiṃ sāvakapāramiñāṇaṃ paccekabodhiñāṇaṃ abhisambodhiñāṇaṃ detīti evamādidānaguṇapaṭisaṃyuttaṃ kathaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā pana dānaṃ dadanto sīlaṃ samādātuṃ sakkoti, tasmā tadanantaraṃ sīlakathaṃ kathesi. <span class="bld">Sīlakatha</span>nti sīlaṃ nāmetaṃ avassayo patiṭṭhā ārammaṇaṃ tāṇaṃ leṇaṃ gati parāyaṇaṃ. Idhalokaparalokasampattīnañhi sīlasadiso avassayo patiṭṭhā ārammaṇaṃ tāṇaṃ leṇaṃ gati parāyaṇaṃ natthi, sīlasadiso alaṅkāro natthi, sīlapupphasadisaṃ pupphaṃ natthi, sīlagandhasadiso gandho natthi, sīlālaṅkārena hi alaṅkataṃ sīlakusumapiḷandhanaṃ sīlagandhānulittaṃ sadevakopi loko olokento tittiṃ na gacchatīti evamādisīlaguṇapaṭisaṃyuttaṃ kathaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idaṃ pana sīlaṃ nissāya ayaṃ saggo labbhatīti dassetuṃ sīlānantaraṃ saggakathaṃ kathesi. <span class="bld">Saggakatha</span>nti ayaṃ saggo nāma iṭṭho kanto manāpo, niccamettha kīḷā, niccaṃ sampattiyo labbhanti, cātumahārājikā devā navutivassasatasahassāni dibbasukhaṃ dibbasampattiṃ paṭilabhanti, tāvatiṃsā tisso ca vassakoṭiyo saṭṭhi ca vassasatasahassānīti evamādisaggaguṇapaṭisaṃyuttaṃ kathaṃ. Saggasampattiṃ kathayantānañhi buddhānaṃ mukhaṃ nappahoti. Vuttampi cetaṃ – ‘‘anekapariyāyena kho ahaṃ, bhikkhave, saggakathaṃ katheyya’’ntiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ saggakathāya palobhetvā puna hatthiṃ alaṅkaritvā tassa soṇḍaṃ chindanto viya – ‘‘ayampi saggo anicco addhuvo, na ettha chandarāgo <a name="P2.0473"></a> kātabbo’’ti dassanatthaṃ – ‘‘appassādā kāmā bahudukkhā bahupāyāsā, ādīnavo ettha bhiyyo’’tiādinā (ma. ni. 1.235; 2.42) nayena kāmānaṃ ādīnavaṃ <a name="M2.0064"></a> okāraṃ saṃkilesaṃ kathesi. Tattha <span class="bld">ādīnavo</span>ti doso. <span class="bld">Okāro</span>ti avakāro lāmakabhāvo. <span class="bld">Saṃkileso</span>ti tehi sattānaṃ saṃsāre saṃkilissanaṃ. Yathāha – ‘‘kilissanti vata bho sattā’’ti (ma. ni. 2.351). Evaṃ kāmādīnavena tejjatvā <span class="bld">nekkhamme ānisaṃsaṃ pakāsesi,</span> pabbajjāya guṇaṃ pakāsesīti attho. Sesaṃ ambaṭṭhasuttavaṇṇanāyaṃ vuttanayañceva uttānatthañca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para77"></a><a name="para77_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">77</span>. <span class="bld">Alatthu</span>nti kathaṃ alatthuṃ? Ehibhikkhubhāvena. Bhagavā kira tesaṃ iddhimayapattacīvarassūpanissayaṃ olokento anekāsu jātīsu cīvaradānādīni disvā <span class="bld">etha bhikkhavo</span>tiādimāha<a name="V2.0057"></a>. Te tāvadeva bhaṇḍū kāsāyavasanā aṭṭhahi bhikkhuparikkhārehi sarīrapaṭimukkeheva vassasatikattherā viya bhagavantaṃ namassamānāva nisīdiṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sandassesī</span>tiādīsu idhalokatthaṃ sandassesi, paralokatthaṃ sandassesi. Idhalokatthaṃ dassento aniccanti dassesi, dukkhanti dassesi, anattāti dassesi, khandhe dassesi, dhātuyo dassesi, āyatanāni dassesi, paṭiccasamuppādaṃ dassesi, rūpakkhandhassa udayaṃ dassento pañca lakkhaṇāni dassesi, tathā vedanākkhandhādīnaṃ, tathā vayaṃ dassentopi udayabbayavasena paññāsalakkhaṇāni dassesi, paralokatthaṃ dassento nirayaṃ dassesi, tiracchānayoniṃ, pettivisayaṃ, asurakāyaṃ, tiṇṇaṃ kusalānaṃ vipākaṃ, channaṃ devalokānaṃ, navannaṃ brahmalokānaṃ sampattiṃ dassesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samādapesī</span>ti catupārisuddhisīlaterasadhutaṅgadasakathāvatthuādike kalyāṇadhamme gaṇhāpesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samuttejesī</span>ti suṭṭhu uttejesi, abbhussāhesi. Idhalokatthañceva paralokatthañca tāsetvā tāsetvā adhigataṃ viya katvā kathesi. Dvattiṃsakammakāraṇapañcavīsatimahābhayappabhedañhi idhalokatthaṃ buddhe bhagavati tāsetvā tāsetvā kathayante pacchābāhaṃ, gāḷhabandhanaṃ bandhitvā cātumahāpathe pahārasatena tāḷetvā dakkhiṇadvārena <a name="P2.0474"></a> niyyamāno viya āghātanabhaṇḍikāya ṭhapitasīso viya sūle uttāsito viya mattahatthinā maddiyamāno viya ca saṃviggo hoti. Paralokatthañca <a name="M2.0065"></a> kathayante nirayādīsu nibbatto viya devalokasampattiṃ anubhavamāno viya ca hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sampahaṃsesī</span>ti paṭiladdhaguṇena codesi, mahānisaṃsaṃ katvā kathesīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saṅkhārānaṃ ādīnava</span>nti heṭṭhā paṭhamamaggādhigamatthaṃ kāmānaṃ ādīnavaṃ kathesi, idha pana uparimaggādhigamatthaṃ – ‘‘aniccā, bhikkhave, saṅkhārā addhuvā anassāsikā, yāvañcidaṃ, bhikkhave, alameva sabbasaṅkhāresu nibbindituṃ alaṃ virajjituṃ alaṃ vimuccitu’’ntiādinā (a. ni. 7.66; saṃ. ni. 2.134) nayena saṅkhārānaṃ ādīnavañca lāmakabhāvañca tappaccayañca kilamathaṃ pakāsesi. Yathā ca tattha nekkhamme, evamidha – ‘‘santamidaṃ, bhikkhave, nibbānaṃ nāma paṇītaṃ tāṇaṃ leṇa’’ntiādinā nayena nibbāne ānisaṃsaṃ pakāsesi.</p>
<p class="subhead">Mahājanakāyapabbajjāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para78"></a><a name="para78_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">78</span>. <span class="bld">Mahājanakāyo</span>ti <a name="V2.0058"></a> tesaṃyeva dvinnaṃ kumārānaṃ upaṭṭhākajanakāyoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para80"></a><a name="para80_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">80</span>. <span class="bld">Bhagavantaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāma, dhammañcā</span>ti saṅghassa aparipuṇṇattā dvevācikameva saraṇamagamaṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para81"></a><a name="para81_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">81</span>. <span class="bld">Alatthu</span>nti pubbe vuttanayeneva ehibhikkhubhāveneva alatthuṃ. Ito anantare pabbajitavārepi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="subhead">Cārikāanujānanavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para85"></a><a name="para85_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">85</span>. <span class="bld">Parivitakko udapādī</span>ti kadā udapādi? Sambodhito satta saṃvaccharāni satta māse satta divase atikkamitvā udapādi. Bhagavā kira pitusaṅgahaṃ karonto vihāsi. Rājāpi cintesi – ‘‘mayhaṃ jeṭṭhaputto nikkhamitvā buddho jāto, dutiyaputto me nikkhamitvā aggasāvako jāto, purohitaputto dutiyaaggasāvako, ime ca avasesā bhikkhū gihikālepi mayhaṃ puttameva parivāretvā vicariṃsu. Ime sabbe idānipi <a name="M2.0066"></a> mayhaṃyeva bhāro, ahameva ca ne catūhi paccayehi upaṭṭhahissāmi, aññesaṃ okāsaṃ na dassāmī’’ti vihāradvārakoṭṭhakato paṭṭhāya yāva rājagehadvārā ubhayato khadirapākāraṃ kārāpetvā kilañjehi chādāpetvā vatthehi paṭicchādāpetvā upari ca chādāpetvā suvaṇṇatārakavicittaṃ samolambitatālakkhandhamattaṃ vividhapupphadāmavitānaṃ kārāpetvā heṭṭhā bhūmiyaṃ cittattharaṇehi <a name="P2.0475"></a> santharāpetvā anto ubhosu passesu mālāvacchake puṇṇaghaṭe, sakalamaggavāsatthāya ca gandhantare pupphāni pupphantare gandhe ca ṭhapāpetvā bhagavato kālaṃ ārocāpesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bhagavā bhikkhusaṅghaparivuto antosāṇiyāva rājagehaṃgantvā bhattakiccaṃ katvā vihāraṃ paccāgacchati. Añño koci daṭṭhumpi na labhati, kuto pana bhikkhaṃ vā dātuṃ, pūjaṃ vā kātuṃ, dhammaṃ vā sotuṃ. Nāgarā cintesuṃ – ‘‘ajja satthu loke uppannassa sattamāsādhikāni sattasaṃvaccharāni, mayañca daṭṭhumpi na labhāma, pageva bhikkhaṃ vā dātuṃ, pūjaṃ vā kātuṃ, dhammaṃ vā sotuṃ. Rājā – ‘mayhameva buddho, mayhameva dhammo, mayhameva saṅgho’ti mamāyitvā sayameva upaṭṭhahi. Satthā ca uppajjamāno sadevakassa lokassa atthāya hitāya uppanno. Na hi raññoyeva <a name="V2.0059"></a> nirayo uṇho assa, aññesaṃ nīluppalavanasadiso. Tasmā rājānaṃ vadāma. Sace no satthāraṃ deti, iccetaṃ kusalaṃ. No ce deti, raññā saddhiṃ yujjhitvāpi saṅghaṃ gahetvā dānādīni puññāni karoma. Na sakkā kho pana suddhanāgareheva evaṃ kātuṃ, ekaṃ jeṭṭhapurisampi gaṇhāmā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Te senāpatiṃ upasaṅkamitvā tassetamatthaṃ ārocetvā – ‘‘sāmi, kiṃ amhākaṃ pakkho hosi, udāhu rañño’’ti āhaṃsu. So – ‘‘ahaṃ tumhākaṃ pakkho homi, api ca kho pana paṭhamadivaso mayhaṃ dātabbo’’ti. Te sampaṭicchiṃsu. So rājānaṃ upasaṅkamitvā – ‘‘nāgarā, deva, tumhākaṃ kupitā’’ti āha. Kimatthaṃ tātāti? Satthāraṃ kira tumheyeva upaṭṭhahatha, amhe na labhāmāti. Sace idānipi labhanti, na kuppanti, alabhantā tumhehi saddhiṃ yujjhitukāmā devāti. Yujjhāmi, tāta, nāhaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ demīti. Deva tumhākaṃ dāsā tumhehi saddhiṃ yujjhāmāti vadanti, tumhe kaṃ gaṇhitvā yujjhissathāti? Nanu tvaṃ senāpatīti? Nāgarehi vinā na <a name="M2.0067"></a> samattho ahaṃ devāti. Tato rājā – ‘‘balavanto nāgarā, senāpatipi tesaññeva pakkho’’ti ñatvā ‘‘aññānipi sattamāsādhikāni sattasaṃvaccharāni mayhaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ dadantū’’ti āha. Nāgarā <a name="P2.0476"></a> na sampaṭicchiṃsu. Rājā – ‘‘cha vassāni, pañca, cattāri, tīṇi, dve, ekavassa’’nti hāpesi. Evaṃ hāpentepi na sampaṭicchiṃsu. Aññe satta divase yāci. Nāgarā – ‘‘atikakkhaḷaṃ dāni raññā saddhiṃ kātuṃ na vaṭṭatī’’ti anujāniṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Rājā sattamāsādhikānaṃ sattannaṃ saṃvaccharānaṃ sajjitaṃ dānamukhaṃ sattannameva divasānaṃ vissajjetvā cha divase kesañci apassantānaṃyeva dānaṃ datvā sattame divase nāgare pakkosāpetvā – ‘‘sakkhissatha, tāta, evarūpaṃ dānaṃ dātu’’nti āha. Tepi – ‘‘nanu amheyeva nissāya taṃ devassa uppanna’’nti vatvā – ‘‘sakkhissāmā’’ti āhaṃsu. Rājā piṭṭhihatthena assūni puñchamāno bhagavantaṃ vanditvā – ‘‘bhante, ahaṃ aṭṭhasaṭṭhibhikkhusatasahassaṃ aññassa vāraṃ akatvā yāvajīvaṃ catūhi paccayehi upaṭṭhahissāmīti cintesiṃ. Nāgarā na dāni me anuññātā, nāgarā hi ‘mayaṃ dānaṃ dātuṃ na labhāmā’ti kuppanti. Bhagavā sve paṭṭhāya tesaṃ anuggahaṃ karothā’’ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha dutiyadivase senāpati mahādānaṃ sajjetvā – ‘‘ajja yathā añño koci ekabhikkhampi na deti, evaṃ rakkhathā’’ti samantā purise ṭhapesi. Taṃ divasaṃ seṭṭhibhariyā rodamānā dhītaraṃ āha – ‘‘sace, amma, tava pitā jīveyya, ajjāhaṃ paṭhamaṃ dasabalaṃ bhojeyya’’nti<a name="V2.0060"></a>. Sā taṃ āha – ‘‘amma, mā cintayi, ahaṃ tathā karissāmi yathā buddhappamukho bhikkhusaṅgho paṭhamaṃ amhākaṃ bhikkhaṃ paribhuñjissatī’’ti. Tato satasahassagghanikāya suvaṇṇapātiyā nirudakapāyāsassa pūretvā sappimadhusakkarādīhi abhisaṅkharitvā aññāya pātiyā paṭikujjitvā taṃ sumanamālāguḷehi parikkhipitvā mālāguḷasadisaṃ katvā bhagavato gāmaṃ pavisanavelāya sayameva ukkhipitvā dāsigaṇaparivutā nagarā nikkhami. Antarāmagge senāpatiupaṭṭhākā – ‘‘amma, mā ito agamā’’ti vadanti. Mahāpuññā nāma manāpakathā honti, na ca tesaṃ punappunaṃ bhaṇantānaṃ kathā paṭikkhipituṃ sakkā hoti. Sā – ‘‘cūḷapitā mahāpitā mātulā kissa tumhe gantuṃ na dethā’’ti āha. Senāpatinā <a name="P2.0477"></a> – ‘‘aññassa kassaci khādanīyabhojanīyaṃ dātuṃ mā dethā’’ti ṭhapitamha ammāti. Kiṃ pana me hatthe khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ passathāti? Mālāguḷaṃ passāmāti<a name="M2.0068"></a>. Kiṃ tumhākaṃ senāpati mālāguḷapūjampi kātuṃ na detīti? Deti, ammāti. Tena hi, apetha, apethāti bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamitvā mālāguḷaṃ gaṇhāpetha bhagavāti āha. Bhagavā ekaṃ senāpatissupaṭṭhākaṃ oloketvā mālāguḷaṃ gaṇhāpesi. Sā bhagavantaṃ vanditvā – ‘‘bhagavā, bhavābhave nibbattiyaṃ me sati paritassanajīvitaṃ nāma mā hotu, ayaṃ sumanamālā viya nibbattanibbattaṭṭhāne piyāva homi, nāmena ca sumanā yevā’’ti patthanaṃ katvā satthārā – ‘‘sukhinī hohī’’ti vuttā vanditvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bhagavā senāpatissa gehaṃ gantvā paññattāsane nisīdi. Senāpati yāguṃ gahetvā upagañchi, satthā pattaṃ pidahi. Nisinno, bhante, bhikkhusaṅghoti. Atthi no eko antarā piṇḍapāto laddhoti. So mālaṃ apanetvā piṇḍapātaṃ addasa. Cūḷupaṭṭhāko āha – ‘‘sāmi, mālāti maṃ vatvā mātugāmo vañcesī’’ti. Pāyāso bhagavantaṃ ādiṃ katvā sabbesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ pahoti. Senāpatipi attano deyyadhammaṃ adāsi. Satthā bhattakiccaṃ katvā maṅgalaṃ vatvā pakkāmi. Senāpati – ‘‘kā nāma sā piṇḍapātamadāsī’’ti pucchi. Seṭṭhidhītā, sāmīti. Sappaññā sā itthī, evarūpāya ghare vasantiyā purisassa saggasampatti nāma na dullabhāti taṃ ānetvā jeṭṭhikaṭṭhāne ṭhapesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Punadivase nāgarā dānamadaṃsu, punadivase rājāti ekantarikāya dānaṃ dātuṃ ārabhiṃsu. Rājāpi carapurise ṭhapetvā nāgarehi dinnadānato atirekataraṃ deti, nāgarāpi tatheva katvā raññā dinnadānato atirekataraṃ. Rājagehe nāṭakitthiyo daharasāmaṇere vadanti – ‘‘gaṇhatha, tātā, na gahapatikānaṃ gattavatthādīsu puñchitvā bāḷadārakānaṃ kheḷasiṅghāṇikādidhovanahatthehi kataṃ<a name="V2.0061"></a>, suciṃ paṇītaṃ kata’’nti. Punadivase nāgarāpi dadamānā vadanti – ‘‘gaṇhatha, tātā, na nagaragāmanigamādīsu saṅkaḍḍhitataṇḍulakhīradadhisappiādīhi, na aññesaṃ jaṅghasīsapiṭṭhiādīni <a name="P2.0478"></a> bhañjitvā āharāpitehi kataṃ, jātisappikhīrādīhiyeva kata’’nti. Evaṃ sattasu saṃvaccharesu sattasu māsesu sattasu divasesu ca atikkantesu atha bhagavato ayaṃ vitakko udapādi. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘sambodhito satta saṃvaccharāni satta māsāni satta divasāni atikkamitvā udapādī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para87"></a><a name="para87_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">87</span>. <span class="bld">Aññataro</span> <a name="M2.0069"></a> <span class="bld">mahābrahmā</span>ti dhammadesanaṃ āyācitabrahmāva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para89"></a><a name="para89_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">89</span>. <span class="bld">Caturāsīti āvāsasahassānī</span>ti caturāsīti vihārasahassāni. Te sabbepi dvādasasahassabhikkhugaṇhanakā mahāvihārā abhayagiricetiyapabbatacittalapabbatamahāvihārasadisāva ahesuṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para90"></a><a name="para90_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">90</span>. <span class="bld">Khantī paramaṃ tapo</span>ti adhivāsanakhanti nāma paramaṃ tapo. <span class="bld">Titikkhā</span>ti khantiyā eva vevacanaṃ. Titikkhā saṅkhātā adhivāsanakhanti uttamaṃ tapoti attho. <span class="bld">Nibbānaṃ parama</span>nti sabbākārena pana nibbānaṃ paramanti vadanti buddhā. <span class="bld">Na hi pabbajito parūpaghātī</span>ti yo adhivāsanakhantivirahitattā paraṃ upaghāteti bādheti hiṃsati, so pabbajito nāma na hoti. Catutthapādo pana tasseva vevacanaṃ. ‘‘Na hi pabbajito’’ti etassa hi na samaṇo hotīti vevacanaṃ. Parūpaghātīti etassa <span class="bld">paraṃ viheṭhayanto</span>ti vevacanaṃ. Atha vā <span class="bld">parūpaghātī</span>ti sīlūpaghātī. Sīlañhi uttamaṭṭhena paranti vuccati. Yo ca samaṇo paraṃ yaṃ kañci sattaṃ viheṭhayanto parūpaghātī hoti, attano sīlaṃ vināsako, so pabbajito nāma na hotīti attho. Athavā yo adhivāsanakhantiyā abhāvato parūpaghātī hoti, paraṃ antamaso ḍaṃsamakasampi sañcicca jīvitā voropeti, so na hi pabbajito. Kiṃ kāraṇā? Malassa apabbājitattā. ‘‘Pabbājayamattano malaṃ, tasmā pabbajitoti vuccatī’’ti (dha. pa. 388) idañhi pabbajitalakkhaṇaṃ. Yopi na heva kho upaghāteti, na māreti, api ca daṇḍādīhi viheṭheti, so paraṃ viheṭhayanto samaṇo na hoti. Kiṃ kāraṇā? Vihesāya asamitattā. ‘‘Samitattā hi pāpānaṃ<a name="P2.0479"></a>, samaṇoti pavuccatī’’ti (dha. pa. 265) idañhi samaṇalakkhaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dutiyagāthāya <span class="bld">sabbapāpassā</span>ti sabbākusalassa. <span class="bld">Akaraṇa</span>nti anuppādanaṃ. <span class="bld">Kusalassā</span>ti catubhūmikakusalassa. <span class="bld">Upasampadā</span>ti paṭilābho. <span class="bld">Sacittapariyodapana</span>nti attano cittajotanaṃ, taṃ pana <a name="V2.0062"></a> arahattena hoti. Iti sīlasaṃvarena sabbapāpaṃ pahāya samathavipassanāhi kusalaṃ sampādetvā arahattaphalena cittaṃ pariyodāpetabbanti etaṃ buddhānaṃ sāsanaṃ ovādo anusiṭṭhī ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatiyagāthāya <a name="M2.0070"></a> <span class="bld">anūpavādo</span>ti vācāya kassaci anupavadanaṃ. <span class="bld">Anūpaghāto</span>ti kāyena upaghātassa akaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Pātimokkhe</span>ti yaṃ taṃ paatimokkhaṃ, atipamokkhaṃ, uttamasīlaṃ, pāti vā agativisesehi mokkheti duggatibhayehi, yo vā naṃ pāti, taṃ mokkhetīti ‘‘pātimokkha’’nti vuccati. Tasmiṃ pātimokkhe ca saṃvaro. <span class="bld">Mattaññutā</span>ti paṭiggahaṇaparibhogavasena pamāṇaññutā. <span class="bld">Pantañca sayanāsana</span>nti sayanāsanañca saṅghaṭṭanavirahitanti attho. Tattha dvīhiyeva paccayehi catupaccayasantoso dīpito hotīti veditabbo. <span class="bld">Etaṃ buddhāna sāsana</span>nti etaṃ parassa anupavadanaṃ anupaghātanaṃ pātimokkhasaṃvaro paṭiggahaṇaparibhogesu mattaññutā aṭṭhasamāpattivasibhāvāya vivittasenāsanasevanañca buddhānaṃ sāsanaṃ ovādo anusiṭṭhīti. Imā pana sabbabuddhānaṃ pātimokkhuddesagāthā hontīti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Devatārocanavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para91"></a><a name="para91_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">91</span>. Ettāvatā ca iminā vipassissa bhagavato apadānānusārena vitthārakathanena – ‘‘tathāgatassevesā, bhikkhave, dhammadhātu suppaṭividdhā’’ti evaṃ vuttāya dhammadhātuyā suppaṭividdhabhāvaṃ pakāsetvā idāni – ‘‘devatāpi tathāgatassa etamatthaṃ ārocesu’’nti vuttaṃ devatārocanaṃ pakāsetuṃ <span class="bld">ekamidāha</span>ntiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">subhagavane</span>ti evaṃnāmake vane. <span class="bld">Sālarājamūle</span>ti vanappatijeṭṭhakassa mūle. <span class="bld">Kāmacchandaṃ virājetvā</span>ti anāgāmimaggena mūlasamugghātavasena virājetvā. Yathā ca vipassissa, evaṃ sesabuddhānampi sāsane vutthabrahmacariyā devatā ārocayiṃsu, pāḷi pana vipassissa <a name="P2.0480"></a> ceva amhākañca bhagavato vasena āgatā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha attano sampattiyā na hāyanti, na vihāyantīti <span class="bld">avihā.</span> Na kañci sattaṃ tapantīti <span class="bld">atappā.</span> Sundaradassanā abhirūpā pāsādikāti <span class="bld">sudassā.</span> Suṭṭhu passanti, sundarametesaṃ vā dassananti <span class="bld">sudassī.</span> Sabbeheva ca saguṇehi bhavasampattiyā ca jeṭṭhā, natthettha kaniṭṭhāti <span class="bld">akaniṭṭhā.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext">Idha <a name="V2.0063"></a><a name="M2.0071"></a> ṭhatvā bhāṇavārā samodhānetabbā. Imasmiñhi sutte vipassissa bhagavato apadānavasena tayo bhāṇavārā vuttā. Yathā ca vipassissa, evaṃ sikhīādīnampi apadānavasena vuttāva. Pāḷi pana saṅkhittā. Iti sattannaṃ buddhānaṃ vasena amhākaṃ bhagavatā ekavīsati bhāṇavārā kathitā. Tathā avihehi. Tathā atappehi. Tathā sudassehi. Tathā sudassīhi. Tathā akaniṭṭhehīti sabbampi chabbīsatibhāṇavārasataṃ hoti. Tepiṭake buddhavacane aññaṃ suttaṃ chabbīsatibhāṇavārasataparimāṇaṃ nāma natthi, suttantarājā nāma ayaṃ suttantoti veditabbo. Ito paraṃ anusandhidvayampi niyyātento <span class="bld">iti kho bhikkhave</span>tiādimāha. Taṃ sabbaṃ uttānamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti sumaṅgalavilāsiniyā dīghanikāyaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</p>
<p class="centered">Mahāpadānasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter"><a name="dn2_2"></a>2. Mahānidānasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">Nidānavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para95"></a><a name="para95_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">95</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V2.0064"></a><a name="P2.0481"></a><a name="M2.0072"></a> <span class="bld">me sutaṃ…pe… kurūsū</span>ti mahānidānasuttaṃ. Tatrāyaṃ anuttānapadavaṇṇanā. <span class="bld">Kurūsu viharatī</span>ti kurū nāma jānapadino rājakumārā, tesaṃ nivāso ekopi janapado ruḷhīsaddena ‘‘kurū’’ti vuccati. Tasmiṃ kurūsu janapade. Aṭṭhakathācariyā panāhu – mandhātukāle tīsu dīpesu manussā ‘‘jambudīpo nāma buddhapaccekabuddhamahāsāvakacakkavattippabhutīnaṃ uttamamanussānaṃ uppattibhūmi uttamadīpo atiramaṇīyo’’ti sutvā raññā mandhātucakkavattinā cakkaratanaṃ purakkhatvā cattāro dīpe anusaṃyāyantena saddhiṃ āgamaṃsu. Tato rājā pariṇāyakaratanaṃ pucchi – ‘‘atthi nu kho manussalokato ramaṇīyataraṃ ṭhāna’’nti. Kasmā deva evaṃ bhaṇasi? Kiṃ na passasi candimasūriyānaṃ ānubhāvaṃ, nanu etesaṃ ṭhānaṃ ito ramaṇīyataranti? Rājā cakkaratanaṃ purakkhatvā tattha agamāsi. Cattāro mahārājāno – ‘‘mandhātumahārājā āgato’’ti sutvāva ‘‘mahiddhiko mahānubhāvo rājā, na sakkā yuddhena paṭibāhitu’’nti sakaṃ rajjaṃ niyyātesuṃ. So taṃ gahetvā puna pucchi – ‘‘atthi nu kho ito ramaṇīyataraṃ ṭhāna’’nti?</p>
<p class="bodytext">Athassa tāvatiṃsabhavanaṃ kathayiṃsu. ‘‘Tāvatiṃsabhavanaṃ, deva, ito ramaṇīyataraṃ. Tattha sakkassa devarañño ime cattāro mahārājāno paricārakā dovārikabhūmiyaṃ tiṭṭhanti, sakko devarājā mahiddhiko mahānubhāvo, tassimāni upabhogaṭṭhānāni – yojanasahassubbedho vejayanto pāsādo, pañcayojanasatubbedhā sudhammā devasabhā, diyaḍḍhayojanasatiko vejayantaratho tathā erāvaṇo hatthī<a name="P2.0482"></a>, dibbarukkhasahassappaṭimaṇḍitaṃ nandanavanaṃ, cittalatāvanaṃ, phārusakavanaṃ, missakavanaṃ, yojanasatubbedho pāricchattako koviḷāro, tassa heṭṭhā saṭṭhiyojanāyāmā paññāsayojanavitthatā <a name="V2.0065"></a> pañcadasayojanubbedhā jayakusumapupphavaṇṇā paṇḍukambalasilā, yassā mudutāya sakkassa nisīdato upaḍḍhakāyo anupavisatī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Taṃ <a name="M2.0073"></a> sutvā rājā tattha gantukāmo cakkaratanaṃ abbhukkiri. Taṃ ākāse patiṭṭhāsi saddhiṃ caturaṅginiyā senāya. Atha dvinnaṃ devalokānaṃ vemajjhato cakkaratanaṃ otaritvā pathaviyaṃ patiṭṭhāsi saddhiṃ pariṇāyakaratanapamukhāya caturaṅginiyā senāya. Rājā ekakova tāvatiṃsabhavanaṃ agamāsi. Sakko – ‘‘mandhātā āgato’’ti sutvāva tassa paccuggamanaṃ katvā – ‘‘svāgataṃ, te mahārāja, sakaṃ te mahārāja, anusāsa mahārājā’’ti vatvā saddhiṃ nāṭakehi rajjaṃ dve bhāge katvā ekaṃ bhāgamadāsi. Rañño tāvatiṃsabhavane patiṭṭhitamattasseva manussabhāvo vigacchi, devabhāvo pāturahosi. Tassa kira sakkena saddhiṃ paṇḍukambalasilāyaṃ nisinnassa akkhinimisamattena nānattaṃ paññāyati. Taṃ asallakkhentā devā sakkassa ca tassa ca nānatte muyhanti. So tattha dibbasampattiṃ anubhavamāno yāva chattiṃsa sakkā uppajjitvā cutā, tāva rajjaṃ kāretvā atittova kāmehi tato cavitvā attano uyyāne patiṭṭhito vātātapena phuṭṭhagatto kālamakāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Cakkaratane pana puna pathaviyaṃ patiṭṭhite pariṇāyakaratanaṃ suvaṇṇapaṭṭe mandhātu upāhanaṃ likhāpetvā idaṃ mandhātu rajjanti rajjamanusāsi. Tepi tīhi dīpehi āgatamanussā puna gantuṃ asakkontā pariṇāyakaratanaṃ upasaṅkamitvā – ‘‘deva, mayaṃ rañño ānubhāvena āgatā, idāni gantuṃ na sakkoma, vasanaṭṭhānaṃ no dehī’’ti yāciṃsu. So tesaṃ ekamekaṃ janapadamadāsi. Tattha pubbavidehato āgatamanussehi āvasitapadeso tāyeva purimasaññāya – ‘‘videharaṭṭha’’nti nāmaṃ labhi, aparagoyānato āgatamanussehi āvasitapadeso ‘‘aparantajanapado’’ti nāmaṃ labhi, uttarakuruto āgatamanussehi āvasitapadeso ‘‘kururaṭṭha’’nti nāmaṃ <a name="P2.0483"></a> labhi, bahuke pana gāmanigamādayo upādāya bahuvacanena vohariyati. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘kurūsu viharatī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kammāsadhammaṃ nāma kurūnaṃ nigamo</span>ti <span class="bld">kammāsadhamma</span>nti ettha keci dha-kārassa da-kārena atthaṃ vaṇṇayanti. Kammāso ettha damitoti <span class="bld">kammāsadammo.</span> <span class="bld">Kammāso</span>ti kammāsapādo porisādo vuccati. Tassa kira pāde khāṇukena viddhaṭṭhāne vaṇo ruhanto cittadārusadiso hutvā ruhi. Tasmā kammāsapādoti paññāyittha. So ca tasmiṃ okāse damito porisādabhāvato <a name="M2.0074"></a> paṭisedhito<a name="V2.0066"></a>. Kena? Mahāsattena. Katarasmiṃ jātaketi? <span class="bld">Mahāsutasomajātake</span>ti eke. Ime pana therā <span class="bld">jayaddisajātake</span>ti vadanti. Tadā hi mahāsattena kammāsapādo damito. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Putto yadā homi jayaddisassa;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Pañcālaraṭṭhadhipatissa atrajo.</p>
<p class="gatha3">Cajitvāna pāṇaṃ pitaraṃ pamocayiṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Kammāsapādampi cahaṃ pasādayi’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Keci</span> pana dha-kāreneva atthaṃ vaṇṇayanti. Kurūraṭṭhavāsīnaṃ kira kuruvattadhammo, tasmiṃ kammāso jāto, tasmā taṃ ṭhānaṃ kammāso ettha dhammo jātoti kammāsadhammanti vuccati. Tattha niviṭṭhanigamassāpi etadeva nāmaṃ. Bhummavacanena kasmā na vuttanti. Avasanokāsato. Bhagavato kira tasmiṃ nigame vasanokāso koci vihāro nāma nāhosi. Nigamato pana apakkamma aññatarasmiṃ udakasampanne ramaṇīye bhūmibhāge mahāvanasaṇḍo ahosi tattha bhagavā vihāsi, taṃ nigamaṃ gocaragāmaṃ katvā. Tasmā evamettha attho veditabbo – ‘‘kurūsu viharati kammāsadhammaṃ nāma kurūnaṃ nigamo, taṃ gocaragāmaṃ katvā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āyasmā</span>ti piyavacanametaṃ, gāravavacanametaṃ. <span class="bld">Ānando</span>ti tassa therassa nāmaṃ. <span class="bld">Ekamanta</span>nti bhāvanapuṃsakaniddeso – ‘‘visamaṃ candimasūriyā parivattantī’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 4.70) viya. Tasmā yathā nisinno ekamantaṃ nisinno hoti, tathā nisīdīti evamettha attho daṭṭhabbo. Bhummatthe vā etaṃ upayogavacanaṃ <span class="bld">nisīdī</span>ti <a name="P2.0484"></a> upāvisi. Paṇḍitā hi garuṭṭhāniyaṃ upasaṅkamitvā āsanakusalatāya ekamantaṃ nisīdanti. Ayañca tesaṃ aññataro, tasmā ekamantaṃ nisīdi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ nisinno kho pana ekamantaṃ nisinno hotīti? Cha nisajjadose vajjetvā. Seyyathidaṃ – atidūraṃ, accāsannaṃ, uparivātaṃ, unnatappadesaṃ, atisammukhaṃ, atipacchāti. Atidūre nisinno hi sace kathetukāmo hoti, uccāsaddena kathetabbaṃ hoti. Accāsanne nisinno saṅghaṭṭanaṃ karoti. Uparivāte nisinno sarīragandhena bādhati. Unnatappadese nisinno <a name="M2.0075"></a> agāravaṃ pakāseti. Atisammukhā nisinno sace daṭṭhukāmo hoti, cakkhunā cakkhuṃ āhacca daṭṭhabbaṃ hoti. Atipacchā nisinno sace daṭṭhukāmo hoti, gīvaṃ parivattetvā daṭṭhabbaṃ hoti. Tasmā ayampi tikkhattuṃ bhagavantaṃ padakkhiṇaṃ katvā sakkaccaṃ vanditvā ete cha nisajjadose vajjetvā <a name="V2.0067"></a> dakkhiṇajāṇumaṇḍalassa abhimukhaṭṭhāne chabbaṇṇānaṃ buddharasmīnaṃ anto pavisitvā pasannalākhārasaṃ vigāhanto viya suvaṇṇapaṭaṃ pārupanto viya rattuppalamālāvitānamajjhaṃ pavisanto viya ca dhammabhaṇḍāgāriko āyasmā ānando nisīdi. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘ekamantaṃ nisīdī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāya pana velāya, kena kāraṇena ayamāyasmā bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamantoti? Sāyanhavelāyaṃ paccayākārapañhapucchanakāraṇena. Taṃ divasaṃ kirāyamāyasmā kulasaṅgahatthāya gharadvāre gharadvāre sahassabhaṇḍikaṃ nikkhipanto viya kammāsadhammagāmaṃ piṇḍāya caritvā piṇḍapātapaṭikkanto satthu vattaṃ dassetvā satthari gandhakuṭiṃ paviṭṭhe satthāraṃ vanditvā attano divāṭṭhānaṃ gantvā antevāsikesu vattaṃ dassetvā paṭikkantesu divāṭṭhānaṃ paṭisammajjitvā cammakkhaṇḍaṃ paññapetvā udakatumbato udakaṃ gahetvā udakena hatthapāde sītale katvā pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā nisinno sotāpattiphalasamāpattiṃ samāpajji. Atha paricchinnakālavasena samāpattito uṭṭhāya paccayākāre ñāṇaṃ otāresi. So – ‘‘avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā’’tiādito paṭṭhāya antaṃ, antato paṭṭhāya ādiṃ, ubhayantato paṭṭhāya majjhaṃ, majjhato paṭṭhāya ubho ante pāpento tikkhattuṃ dvādasapadaṃ paccayākāraṃ sammasi. Tassevaṃ sammasantassa paccayākāro vibhūto <a name="P2.0485"></a> hutvā uttānakuttānako viya upaṭṭhāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tato cintesi – ‘‘ayaṃ paccayākāro sabbabuddhehi – ‘gambhīro ceva gambhīrāvabhāso cā’ti kathito, mayhaṃ kho pana padesañāṇe ṭhitassa sāvakassa sato uttāno vibhūto pākaṭo hutvā upaṭṭhāti, mayhaṃyeva nu kho esa uttānako hutvā upaṭṭhāti, udāhu aññesampī’’ti? Athassa etadahosi – ‘‘handāhaṃ imaṃ pañhaṃ gahetvā bhagavantaṃ pucchāmi, addhā me bhagavā imaṃ atthuppattiṃ katvā sālindaṃ sineruṃ ukkhipanto viya ekaṃ suttantakathaṃ kathetvā dassessati. Buddhānañhi vinayapaññattiṃ, bhummantaraṃ, paccayākāraṃ, samayantaranti imāni cattāri ṭhānāni patvā gajjitaṃ mahantaṃ hoti, ñāṇaṃ anupavisati, buddhañāṇassa mahantabhāvo <a name="M2.0076"></a> paññāyati, desanā gambhīrā hoti tilakkhaṇabbhāhatā suññatapaṭisaṃyuttā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">So kiñcāpi pakatiyāva ekadivase satavārampi sahassavārampi bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamanto na ahetuakāraṇena upasaṅkamati, taṃ divasaṃ pana imaṃ pañhaṃ gahetvā – ‘‘imaṃ buddhagandhahatthiṃ āpajja ñāṇakoñcanādaṃ sossāmi, buddhasīhaṃ āpajja ñāṇasīhanādaṃ sossāmi, buddhasindhavaṃ āpajja ñāṇapadavikkamaṃ passissāmī’’ti cintetvā divāṭṭhānā uṭṭhāya cammakkhaṇḍaṃ papphoṭetvā <a name="V2.0068"></a> ādāya sāyanhasamaye bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkami. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘sāyanhavelāyaṃ paccayākārapañhapucchanakāraṇena upasaṅkamanto’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yāva gambhīro</span>ti ettha yāvasaddo pamāṇātikkame, atikkamma pamāṇaṃ gambhīro, atigambhīroti attho. <span class="bld">Gambhīrāvabhāso</span>ti gambhīrova hutvā avabhāsati, dissatīti attho. Ekañhi uttānameva gambhīrāvabhāsaṃ hoti pūtipaṇṇādivasena kāḷavaṇṇapurāṇaudakaṃ viya. Tañhi jāṇuppamāṇampi sataporisaṃ viya dissati. Ekaṃ gambhīraṃ <a name="P2.0486"></a> uttānāvabhāsaṃ hoti maṇigaṅgāya vippasannaudakaṃ viya. Tañhi sataporisampi jāṇuppamāṇaṃ viya khāyati. Ekaṃ uttānaṃ uttānāvabhāsaṃ hoti cāṭiādīsu udakaṃ viya. Ekaṃ gambhīraṃ gambhīrāvabhāsaṃ hoti sinerupādakamahāsamudde udakaṃ viya. Evaṃ udakameva cattāri nāmāni labhati. Paṭiccasamuppāde panetaṃ natthi. Ayañhi gambhīro ceva gambhīrāvabhāso cāti ekameva nāmaṃ labhati. Evarūpo samānopi atha ca pana me uttānakuttānako viya khāyati, yadidaṃ acchariyaṃ, bhante, abbhutaṃ bhanteti. Evaṃ attano vimhayaṃ pakāsento pañhaṃ pucchitvā tuṇhībhūto nisīdi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bhagavā tassa vacanaṃ sutvā – ‘‘ānando bhavaggaggahaṇāya hatthaṃ pasārento viya, sineruṃ chinditvā miñjaṃ nīharituṃ vāyamamāno viya, vinā nāvāya mahāsamuddaṃ taritukāmo viya, pathaviṃ parivattetvā pathavojaṃ gahetuṃ vāyamamāno viya buddhavisayapañhaṃ attano uttānaṃ vadati. Handassa gambhīrabhāvaṃ ācikkhissāmī’’ti cintetvā <span class="bld">mā heva</span>ntiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">mā heva</span>nti ha-kāro nipātamattaṃ. Evaṃ mā bhaṇīti attho. Mā hevanti ca idaṃ vacanaṃ bhagavā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ ussādentopi bhaṇati apasādentopi.</p>
<p class="subhead">Ussādanāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="M2.0077"></a> ussādento – ānanda, tvaṃ mahāpañño visadañāṇo, tena te gambhīropi paṭiccasamuppādo uttānako viya khāyati. Aññesaṃ panesa uttānakoti na sallakkhetabbo, gambhīroyeva ca gambhīrāvabhāso ca. Tattha catasso upamā vadanti. Chamāse subhojanarasapuṭṭhassa kira katayogassa mahāmallassa samajjasamaye katamallapāsāṇaparicayassa yuddhabhūmiṃ gacchantassa antarā mallapāsāṇaṃ dassesuṃ, so – kiṃ etanti āha. Mallapāsāṇoti. Āharatha nanti. Ukkhipituṃ <a name="V2.0069"></a> na sakkomāti vutte sayaṃ gantvā kuhiṃ imassa bhāriyaṭṭhānanti vatvā dvīhi hatthehi dve pāsāṇe ukkhipitvā kīḷāguḷe viya khipitvā agamāsi. Tattha mallassa mallapāsāṇo lahukopi na aññesaṃ lahukoti vattabbo. Chamāse subhojanarasapuṭṭho mallo viya hi kappasatasahassaṃ abhinīhārasampanno āyasmā ānando, yathā mallassa mahābalatāya mallapāsāṇo lahuko, evaṃ therassa mahāpaññatāya <a name="P2.0487"></a> paṭiccasamuppādo uttāno, so aññesaṃ uttānoti na vattabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Mahāsamudde ca timināma maccho dviyojanasatiko timiṅgalo tiyojanasatiko, timipiṅgalo catuyojanasatiko timirapiṅgalo pañcayojanasatiko, ānando timinando ajjhāroho mahātimīti ime cattāro yojanasahassikā. Tattha timirapiṅgaleneva dīpenti. Tassa kira dakkhiṇakaṇṇaṃ cālentassa pañcayojanasate padese udakaṃ calati. Tathā vāmakaṇṇaṃ. Tathā naṅguṭṭhaṃ, tathā sīsaṃ. Dve pana kaṇṇe cāletvā naṅguṭṭhena udakaṃ paharitvā sīsaṃ aparāparaṃ katvā kīḷituṃ āraddhassa sattaṭṭhayojanasate padese bhājane pakkhipitvā uddhane āropitaṃ viya udakaṃ pakkuthati, tiyojanasatamatte padese udakaṃ piṭṭhiṃ chādetuṃ na sakkoti. So evaṃ vadeyya – ‘‘ayaṃ mahāsamuddo gambhīro gambhīroti vadanti kutassa gambhīratā, mayaṃ piṭṭhipaṭicchādanamattampi udakaṃ na labhāmā’’ti. Tattha kāyupapannassa timirapiṅgalassa mahāsamuddo uttānoti, aññesaṃ khuddakamacchānaṃ uttānoti na vattabbo, evameva ñāṇupapannassa therassa paṭiccasamuppādo uttānoti, aññesampi uttānoti na vattabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Supaṇṇarājā <a name="M2.0078"></a> ca diyaḍḍhayojanasatiko, tassa dakkhiṇapakkho paññāsayojaniko hoti tathā vāmapakkho, piñchavaṭṭi saṭṭhiyojanikā, gīvā tiṃsayojanikā, mukhaṃ navayojanaṃ, pādā dvādasayojanikā. Tasmiṃ supaṇṇavātaṃ dassetuṃ āraddhe sattaṭṭhayojanasataṃ ṭhānaṃ nappahoti. So evaṃ vadeyya – ‘‘ayaṃ ākāso ananto anantoti vadanti, kutassa anantatā, mayaṃ pakkhavātappasāraṇokāsampi na labhāmā’’ti. Tattha kāyupapannassa supaṇṇarañño ākāso parittoti, aññesaṃ khuddakapakkhīnaṃ parittoti na vattabbo, evameva ñāṇupapannassa therassa paṭiccasamuppādo uttānoti, aññesampi uttānoti na vattabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Rāhu asurindo pana pādantato yāva kesantā yojanānaṃ cattāri sahassāni aṭṭha ca satāni hoti. Tassa dvinnaṃ bāhānaṃ antaraṃ dvādasayojanasatikaṃ. Bahalattena chayojanasatikaṃ<a name="P2.0488"></a>. Hatthapādatalāni <a name="V2.0070"></a> tiyojanasatikāni, tathā mukhaṃ. Ekekaṃ aṅgulipabbaṃ paññāsayojanaṃ, tathā bhamukantaraṃ. Nalāṭaṃ tiyojanasatikaṃ. Sīsaṃ navayojanasatikaṃ. Tassa mahāsamuddaṃ otiṇṇassa gambhīraṃ udakaṃ jāṇuppamāṇaṃ hoti. So evaṃ vadeyya – ‘‘ayaṃ mahāsamuddo gambhīro gambhīroti vadanti, kutassa gambhīratā, mayaṃ jāṇuppaṭicchādanamattampi udakaṃ na labhāmā’’ti. Tattha kāyupapannassa rāhuno mahāsamuddo uttānoti, aññesaṃ uttānoti na vattabbo, evameva ñāṇupapannassa therassa paṭiccasamuppādo uttānoti, aññesampi uttānoti na vattabbo. Etamatthaṃ sandhāya bhagavā – ‘‘mā hevaṃ, ānanda, avaca; mā hevaṃ, ānanda avacā’’ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Therassa hi catūhi kāraṇehi gambhīropi paṭiccasamuppādo uttānoti upaṭṭhāti. Katamehi catūhi? Pubbūpanissayasampattiyā, titthavāsena, sotāpannatāya, bahussutabhāvenāti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Pubbūpanissayasampattikathā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ito kira satasahassime kappe padumuttaro nāma satthā loke uppajji. Tassa haṃsavatī nāma nagaraṃ ahosi, ānando nāma rājā pitā<a name="M2.0079"></a>, sumedhā nāma devī mātā, bodhisatto uttarakumāro nāma ahosi. So puttassa jātadivase mahābhinikkhamanaṃ nikkhamma pabbajitvā padhānamanuyuñjanto anukkamena sabbaññutaṃ patvā – ‘‘anekajātisaṃsāra’’nti udānaṃ udānetvā sattāhaṃ bodhipallaṅke vītināmetvā pathaviyaṃ ṭhapessāmīti pādaṃ abhinīhari. Atha pathaviṃ bhinditvā mahantaṃ padumaṃ uṭṭhāsi. Tassa dhurapattāni navutihatthāni, kesaraṃ tiṃsahatthaṃ, kaṇṇikā dvādasahatthā, navaghaṭappamāṇo reṇu ahosi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Satthā pana ubbedhato aṭṭhapaṇṇāsahatthubbedho ahosi. Tassa ubhinnaṃ bāhānamantaraṃ aṭṭhārasahatthaṃ, nalāṭaṃ pañcahatthaṃ, hatthapādā ekādasahatthā. Tassa ekādasahatthena pādena dvādasahatthāya kaṇṇikāya akkantamattāya navaghaṭappamāṇo reṇu uṭṭhāya aṭṭhapaṇṇāsahatthaṃ padesaṃ uggantvā okiṇṇamanosilācuṇṇaṃ viya paccokiṇṇo. Tadupādāya bhagavā padumuttarotveva paññāyittha. Tassa devilo <a name="P2.0489"></a> ca sujāto ca dve aggasāvakā ahesuṃ. Amitā ca asamā ca dve aggasāvikā. Sumano nāma upaṭṭhāko. Padumuttaro bhagavā pitusaṅgahaṃ kurumāno bhikkhusatasahassaparivāro haṃsavatiyā rājadhāniyā vasati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kaniṭṭhabhātā <a name="V2.0071"></a> panassa sumanakumāro nāma. Tassa rājā haṃsavatito vīsatiyojanasate ṭhāne bhogagāmaṃ adāsi. So kadāci āgantvā pitarañca satthārañca passati. Athekadivasaṃ paccanto kupito. Sumano rañño pesesi – ‘‘paccanto kupito’’ti. Rājā ‘‘mayā tvaṃ tattha kasmā ṭhapito’’ti paṭipesesi. So nikkhamma core vūpasametvā – ‘‘upasanto, deva, janapado’’ti rañño pesesi. Rājā tuṭṭho – ‘‘sīghaṃ mama putto āgacchatū’’ti āha. Tassa sahassamattā amaccā honti. So tehi saddhiṃ antarāmagge mantesi – ‘‘mayhaṃ pitā tuṭṭho, sace me varaṃ deti, kiṃ gaṇhāmī’’ti. Atha naṃ ekacce ‘‘hatthiṃ gaṇhatha, assaṃ gaṇhatha, rathaṃ gaṇhatha, janapadaṃ gaṇhatha, sattaratanāni gaṇhathā’’ti āhaṃsu. Apare – ‘‘tumhe pathavissarassa puttā, tumhākaṃ dhanaṃ na dullabhaṃ, laddhampi cetaṃ sabbaṃ pahāya gamanīyaṃ, puññameva ekaṃ ādāya gamanīyaṃ; tasmā te deve varaṃ dadamāne temāsaṃ padumuttaraṃ bhagavantaṃ upaṭṭhātuṃ varaṃ gaṇhathā’’ti. So – ‘‘tumhe mayhaṃ kalyāṇamittā, na mametaṃ cittaṃ atthi, tumhehi pana uppāditaṃ, evaṃ karissāmī’’ti gantvā pitaraṃ vanditvā <a name="M2.0080"></a> pitarāpi āliṅgetvā tassa matthake cumbitvā – ‘‘varaṃ te putta, demī’’ti vutte ‘‘sādhu mahārāja, icchāmahaṃ mahārāja bhagavantaṃ temāsaṃ catūhi paccayehi upaṭṭhahanto jīvitaṃ avañjhaṃ kātuṃ, imameva varaṃ dehī’’ti āha. ‘‘Na sakkā tāta, aññaṃ varehī’’ti vutte ‘‘deva, khattiyānaṃ nāma dve kathā natthi, etameva dehi, na me aññenattho’’ti. Tāta buddhānaṃ nāma cittaṃ dujjānaṃ, sace bhagavā na icchissati, mayā dinnepi kiṃ bhavissatīti? So – ‘‘sādhu, deva, ahaṃ bhagavato cittaṃ jānissāmī’’ti vihāraṃ gato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tena ca samayena bhattakiccaṃ niṭṭhapetvā bhagavā gandhakuṭiṃ paviṭṭho hoti. So maṇḍalamāḷe sannisinnānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ santikaṃ agamāsi. Te taṃ āhaṃsu – ‘‘rājaputta, kasmā āgatosī’’ti? Bhagavantaṃ dassanāya, dassetha me bhagavantanti. Na <a name="P2.0490"></a> mayaṃ, rājaputta, icchiticchitakkhaṇe satthāraṃ daṭṭhuṃ labhāmāti. Ko pana, bhante, labhatīti? Sumanatthero nāma rājaputtāti. ‘‘So kuhiṃ, bhante, thero’’ti. Therassa nisinnaṭṭhānaṃ pucchitvā gantvā vanditvā – ‘‘icchāmahaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ passituṃ, dassetha me’’ti āha. Thero – ‘‘ehi rājaputtā’’ti taṃ gahetvā taṃ gandhakuṭipariveṇe ṭhapetvā gandhakuṭiṃ abhiruhi. Atha naṃ bhagavā – ‘‘sumana, kasmā āgatosī’’ti āha. Rājaputto, bhante, bhagavantaṃ dassanāya āgatoti. Tena hi bhikkhu āsanaṃ paññāpehīti. Thero āsanaṃ paññāpesi, nisīdi bhagavā paññatte āsane. Rājaputto bhagavantaṃ vanditvā paṭisanthāraṃ akāsi. Kadā āgatosi rājaputtāti? Bhante, tumhesu gandhakuṭiṃ paviṭṭhesu. Bhikkhū pana – ‘‘na mayaṃ icchiticchitakkhaṇe bhagavantaṃ daṭṭhuṃ labhāmā’’ti maṃ <a name="V2.0072"></a> therassa santikaṃ pāhesuṃ. Thero pana ekavacaneneva dassesi. Thero, bhante, tumhākaṃ sāsane vallabho maññeti. Āma rājakumāra, vallabho esa bhikkhu mayhaṃ sāsaneti. Bhante, buddhānaṃ sāsane kiṃ katvā vallabho hotīti? Dānaṃ datvā sīlaṃ samādiyitvā uposathakammaṃ katvā kumārāti. Bhagavā, ahaṃ thero viya buddhasāsane vallabho hotukāmo, temāsaṃ me vassāvāsaṃ adhivāsethāti. Bhagavā – ‘‘atthi nu kho tattha gatena attho’’ti oloketvā atthīti disvā ‘‘suññāgāre, kho rājakumāra tathāgatā abhiramantī’’ti <a name="M2.0081"></a> āha. Kumāro ‘‘aññātaṃ bhagavā, aññātaṃ sugatā’’ti vatvā ‘‘ahaṃ, bhante, purimataraṃ gantvā vihāraṃ kāremi, mayā pesite bhikkhusatasahassena saddhiṃ āgacchathā’’ti paṭiññaṃ gahetvā pitusantikaṃ gantvā ‘‘dinnā me, deva, bhagavatā paṭiññā, mayā pahite bhagavantaṃ peseyyāthā’’ti pitaraṃ vanditvā nikkhamitvā yojane yojane vihāraṃ kāretvā vīsayojanasataṃ addhānaṃ gantvā attano nagare vihāraṭṭhānaṃ vicinanto sobhanaṃ nāma kuṭumbikassa uyyānaṃ disvā satasahassena kiṇitvā satasahassaṃ vissajjetvā vihāraṃ kāresi. Tattha bhagavato gandhakuṭiṃ sesabhikkhūnañca rattiṭṭhānadivāṭṭhānatthāya kuṭileṇamaṇḍape kārāpetvā <a name="P2.0491"></a> pākāraparikkhepe katvā dvārakoṭṭhakañca niṭṭhapetvā pitusantikaṃ pesesi – ‘‘niṭṭhitaṃ mayhaṃ kiccaṃ, satthāraṃ pahiṇathā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Rājā bhagavantaṃ bhojetvā – ‘‘bhagavā, sumanassa kiccaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ, tumhākaṃ gamanaṃ paccāsīsatī’’ti āha. Bhagavā satasahassabhikkhuparivāro yojane yojane vihāresu vasamāno agamāsi. Kumāro ‘‘satthā āgato’’ti sutvā yojanaṃ paccuggantvā mālādīhi pūjayamāno vihāraṃ pavesetvā –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Satasahassena me kītaṃ, satasahassena māpitaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sobhanaṃ nāma uyyānaṃ, paṭiggaṇha mahāmunī’’ti.</p>
<p class="unindented">Vihāraṃ niyyātesi. So vassūpanāyikadivase dānaṃ datvā attano puttadāre ca amacce ca pakkosāpetvā āha – ‘‘ayaṃ satthā amhākaṃ santikaṃ dūrato āgato, buddhā ca nāma dhammagaruno na āmisagarukā. Tasmā ahaṃ temāsaṃ dve sāṭake nivāsetvā dasa sīlāni samādiyitvā idheva vasissāmi, tumhe khīṇāsavasatasahassassa imināva nīhārena temāsaṃ dānaṃ dadeyyāthā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">So sumanattherassa vasanaṭṭhānasabhāgeyeva ṭhāne vasanto yaṃ thero bhagavato vattaṃ karoti, taṃ <a name="V2.0073"></a> sabbaṃ disvā ‘‘imasmiṃ ṭhāne ekantavallabho esa thero, etasseva me ṭhānantaraṃ patthetuṃ vaṭṭatī’’ti cintetvā upakaṭṭhāya pavāraṇāya gāmaṃ pavisitvā sattāhaṃ mahādānaṃ datvā sattame divase bhikkhusatasahassassa pādamūle ticīvaraṃ ṭhapetvā bhagavantaṃ <a name="M2.0082"></a> vanditvā – ‘‘bhante, yadetaṃ mayā magge yojanantarikaṃ yojanantarikaṃ vihāraṃ kārāpanato paṭṭhāya puññaṃ kataṃ, taṃ neva sakkasampattiṃ, na mārasampattiṃ, na brahmasampattiṃ patthayantena, buddhassa pana upaṭṭhākabhāvaṃ patthayantena kataṃ. Tasmā ahampi, bhagavā, anāgate sumanatthero viya buddhassa upaṭṭhāko bhaveyya’’nti pañcapatiṭṭhitena nipatitvā vandi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bhagavā – ‘‘mahantaṃ kulaputtassa cittaṃ, samijjhissati nu kho no’’ti olokento – ‘‘anāgate ito satasahassime kappe gotamo nāma <a name="P2.0492"></a> buddho uppajjissati, tasseva upaṭṭhāko bhavissatī’’ti ñatvā –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Icchitaṃ patthitaṃ tuyhaṃ, sabbameva samijjhatu;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sabbe pūrentu saṅkappā, cando pannaraso yathā’’ti.</p>
<p class="unindented">Āha. Kumāro taṃ sutvā – ‘‘buddhā nāma advejjhakathā hontī’’ti dutiyadivaseyeva tassa bhagavato pattacīvaraṃ gahetvā piṭṭhito piṭṭhito gacchanto viya ahosi. So tasmiṃ buddhuppāde vassasatasahassaṃ dānaṃ datvā sagge nibbattitvā kassapabuddhakālepi piṇḍāya carato therassa pattaggahaṇatthaṃ uttarisāṭakaṃ datvā pūjamakāsi. Puna sagge nibbattitvā tato cuto bārāṇasirājā hutvā aṭṭhannaṃ paccekabuddhānaṃ paṇṇasālāyo kāretvā maṇiādhārake upaṭṭhapetvā catūhi paccayehi dasavassasahassāni upaṭṭhānaṃ akāsi. Etāni pākaṭaṭṭhānāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kappasatasahassaṃ pana dānaṃ dadamānova amhākaṃ bodhisattena saddhiṃ tusitapure nibbattitvā tato cuto amitodanasakkassa gehe paṭisandhiṃ gahetvā anupubbena katābhinikkhamano sammāsambodhiṃ patvā paṭhamagamanena kapilavatthuṃ āgantvā tato nikkhamante bhagavati bhagavato parivāratthaṃ rājakumāresu pabbajitesu bhaddiyādīhi saddhiṃ nikkhamitvā bhagavato santike pabbajitvā nacirasseva āyasmato puṇṇassa mantāṇiputtassa santike dhammakathaṃ sutvā sotāpattiphale patiṭṭhahi (saṃ. ni. 3.83). Evamesa āyasmā pubbūpanissayasampanno tassimāya pubbūpanissayasampattiyā gambhīropi paṭiccasamuppādo uttānako viya upaṭṭhāsi.</p>
<p class="subhead">Titthavāsādivaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Titthavāsoti <a name="V2.0074"></a><a name="M2.0083"></a> punappunaṃ garūnaṃ santike uggahaṇasavanaparipucchanadhāraṇāni vuccanti. So therassa ativiya parisuddho, tenāpissāyaṃ gambhīropi paṭiccasamuppādo uttānako viya upaṭṭhāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sotāpannānañca nāma paccayākāro uttānakova hutvā upaṭṭhāti, ayañca āyasmā sotāpanno. Bahussutānañca catuhatthe ovarake padīpe jalamāne mañcapīṭhaṃ viya nāmarūpaparicchedo <a name="P2.0493"></a> pākaṭo hoti, ayañca āyasmā bahussutānaṃ aggo hoti, bāhusaccānubhāvenapissa gambhīropi paccayākāro uttānako viya upaṭṭhāsi.</p>
<p class="subhead">Paṭiccasamuppādagambhīratā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha atthagambhīratāya, dhammagambhīratāya, desanāgambhīratāya, paṭivedhagambhīratāyāti catūhi ākārehi paṭiccasamuppādo gambhīro nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha jarāmaraṇassa jātipaccayasambhūtasamudāgataṭṭho gambhīro…pe… saṅkhārānaṃ avijjāpaccayasambhūtasamudāgataṭṭho gambhīroti ayaṃ <span class="bld">atthagambhīratā.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext">Avijjāya saṅkhārānaṃ paccayaṭṭho gambhīro…pe… jātiyā jarāmaraṇassa paccayaṭṭho gambhīroti ayaṃ <span class="bld">dhammagambhīratā.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext">Katthaci sutte paṭiccasamuppādo anulomato desiyati, katthaci paṭilomato, katthaci anulomapaṭilomato, katthaci majjhato paṭṭhāya anulomato vā paṭilomato vā anulomapaṭilomato vā, katthaci tisandhi catusaṅkhepo, katthaci dvisandhi tisaṅkhepo, katthaci ekasandhi dvisaṅkhepoti ayaṃ <span class="bld">desanāgambhīratā.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext">Avijjāya pana aññāṇaadassanasaccāpaṭivedhaṭṭho gambhīro, saṅkhārānaṃ abhisaṅkharaṇāyūhanasarāgavirāgaṭṭho, viññāṇassa suññataabyāpāraasaṅkantipaṭisandhipātubhāvaṭṭho, nāmarūpassa ekuppādavinibbhogāvinibbhoganamanaruppanaṭṭho, saḷāyatanassa adhipatilokadvārakkhettavisayibhāvaṭṭho<a name="V2.0075"></a>, phassassa <a name="M2.0084"></a> phusanasaṅghaṭṭanasaṅgatisannipātaṭṭho, vedanāya ārammaṇarasānubhavanasukhadukkhamajjhattabhāvanijjīvavedayitaṭṭho, taṇhāya abhinanditaajjhosānasaritālatātaṇhānadītaṇhāsamuddaduppūraṇaṭṭho, upādānassa ādānaggahaṇābhinivesaparāmāsaduratikkamaṭṭho, bhavassa āyūhanābhisaṅkharaṇayonigatiṭhitinivāsesu khipanaṭṭho, jātiyā jātisañjātiokkantinibbattipātubhāvaṭṭho, jarāmaraṇassa khayavayabhedavipariṇāmaṭṭho gambhīroti. Evaṃ yo avijjādīnaṃ sabhāvo, yena paṭivedhena avijjādayo sarasalakkhaṇato paṭividdhā honti; so gambhīroti ayaṃ <span class="bld">paṭivedhagambhīratā</span>ti veditabbā. Sā sabbāpi therassa uttānakā viya upaṭṭhāsi. Tena bhagavā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ ussādento – ‘‘mā heva’’ntiādimāha. Ayañcettha <a name="P2.0494"></a> adhippāyo – ānanda, tvaṃ mahāpañño visadañāṇo, tena te gambhīropi paṭiccasamuppādo uttānako viya khāyati, tasmā – ‘‘mayhameva nu kho esa uttānako hutvā upaṭṭhāti, udāhu aññesampī’’ti mā evaṃ avacāti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Apasādanāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yaṃ pana vuttaṃ – ‘‘apasādento’’ti, tattha ayaṃ adhippāyo – ānanda, ‘‘atha ca pana me uttānakuttānako viya khāyatī’’ti mā hevaṃ avaca. Yadi hi te esa uttānakuttānako viya khāyati, kasmā tvaṃ attano dhammatāya sotāpanno nāhosi, mayā dinnanayeva ṭhatvā sotāpattimaggaṃ paṭivijjhasi. Ānanda, idaṃ nibbānameva gambhīraṃ, paccayākāro pana tava uttānako jāto, atha kasmā oḷārikaṃ kāmarāgasaṃyojanaṃ paṭighasaṃyojanaṃ, oḷārikaṃ kāmarāgānusayaṃ paṭighānusayanti ime cattāro kilese samugghāṭetvā sakadāgāmiphalaṃ na sacchikarosi? Teyeva aṇusahagate cattāro kilese samugghāṭetvā anāgāmiphalaṃ na sacchikarosi? Rūparāgādīni pañca saṃyojanāni, bhavarāgānusayaṃ, mānānusayaṃ, avijjānusayanti ime aṭṭha kilese samugghāṭetvā arahattaṃ na sacchikarosi?</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kasmā <a name="M2.0085"></a> ca satasahassakappādhikaṃ ekaṃ asaṅkhyeyyaṃ pūritapāramino sāriputtamoggallānā viya sāvakapāramiñāṇaṃ nappaṭivijjhasi? Satasahassakappādhikāni dve asaṅkhyeyyāni pūritapāramino paccekabuddhā viya ca paccekabodhiñāṇaṃ nappaṭivijjhasi? Yadi vā te sabbathāva esa uttānako hutvā upaṭṭhāti, atha kasmā satasahassakappādhikāni cattāri aṭṭha soḷasa vā asaṅkhyeyyāni pūritapāramino buddhā viya sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ na sacchikarosi? Kiṃ anatthikosi etehi visesādhigamehi, passa yāvañca te aparaddhaṃ, tvaṃ nāma sāvako padesañāṇe <a name="V2.0076"></a> ṭhito atigambhīraṃ paccayākāraṃ – ‘‘uttānako me upaṭṭhātī’’ti vadasi, tassa te idaṃ vacanaṃ buddhānaṃ kathāya paccanīkaṃ hoti, na tādisena nāma bhikkhunā buddhānaṃ kathāya paccanīkaṃ kathetabbanti yuttametaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nanu mayhaṃ, ānanda, idaṃ paccayākāraṃ paṭivijjhituṃ vāyamantasseva satasahassakappādhikāni cattāri asaṅkhyeyyāni atikkantāni? Paccayākāraṃ paṭivijjhanatthāya ca pana me adinnaṃ dānaṃ nāma natthi, apūritapāramī nāma natthi. Paccayākāraṃ <a name="P2.0495"></a> paṭivijjhassāmīti pana me nirussāhaṃ viya mārabalaṃ vidhamantassa ayaṃ mahāpathavī dvaṅgulamattampi na kampi tathā paṭhamayāme pubbenivāsaṃ, majjhimayāme dibbacakkhuṃ sampādentassa. Pacchimayāme pana me balavapaccūsasamaye – ‘‘avijjā saṅkhārānaṃ navahi ākārehi paccayo hotī’’ti diṭṭhamatteva dasasahassilokadhātu ayadaṇḍakena ākoṭitakaṃsatālaṃ viya viravasataṃ viravasahassaṃ muñcamānā vātāhate paduminipaṇṇe udakabindu viya kampittha. Evaṃ gambhīro cāyaṃ, ānanda, paṭiccasamuppādo, gambhīrāvabhāso ca. Etassa ānanda, dhammassa ananubodhā…pe… nātivattatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Etassa dhammassā</span>ti etassa paccayadhammassa. <span class="bld">Ananubodhā</span>ti ñātapariññāvasena ananubujjhanā. <span class="bld">Appaṭivedhā</span>ti tīraṇappahānapariññāvasena appaṭivijjhanā. <span class="bld">Tantākulakajātā</span>ti tantaṃ viya ākulakajātā. Yathā nāma dunnikkhittaṃ mūsikacchinnaṃ pesakārānaṃ tantaṃ tahiṃ tahiṃ ākulaṃ hoti, idaṃ aggaṃ idaṃ mūlanti aggena vā aggaṃ mūlena vā mūlaṃ samānetuṃ dukkaraṃ hoti; evameva sattā imasmiṃ paccayākāre khalitā ākulā byākulā honti, na sakkonti taṃpaccayākāraṃ ujuṃ kātuṃ. Tattha tantaṃ paccattapurisakāre ṭhatvā sakkāpi bhaveyya ujuṃ kātuṃ, ṭhapetvā pana <a name="M2.0086"></a> dve bodhisatte aññe sattā attano dhammatāya paccayākāraṃ ujuṃ kātuṃ samatthā nāma natthi. Yathā pana ākulaṃ tantaṃ kañjiyaṃ datvā kocchena pahataṃ tattha tattha guḷakajātaṃ hoti gaṇṭhibaddhaṃ, evamime sattā paccayesu pakkhalitvā paccaye ujuṃ kātuṃ asakkontā dvāsaṭṭhidiṭṭhigatavasena ākulakajātā honti, gaṇṭhibaddhā. Ye hi keci diṭṭhigatanissitā, sabbe paccayākāraṃ ujuṃ kātuṃ asakkontāyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kulāgaṇṭhikajātā</span>ti kulāgaṇṭhikaṃ vuccati pesakārakañjiyasuttaṃ. Kulā nāma sakuṇikā, tassā kulāvakotipi eke. Yathā hi tadubhayampi ākulaṃ aggena vā aggaṃ mūlena vā mūlaṃ samānetuṃ dukkaranti purimanayeneva yojetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Muñjapabbajabhūtā</span>ti <a name="P2.0496"></a><a name="V2.0077"></a> muñjatiṇaṃ viya pabbajatiṇaṃ viya ca bhūtā. Yathā tāni tiṇāni koṭṭetvā katarajju jiṇṇakāle katthaci patitaṃ gahetvā tesaṃ tiṇānaṃ idaṃ aggaṃ, idaṃ mūlanti aggena vā aggaṃ mūlena vā mūlaṃ samānetuṃ dukkaranti. Tampi paccattapurisakāre ṭhatvā sakkā bhaveyya ujuṃ kātuṃ, ṭhapetvā pana dve bodhisatte aññe sattā attano dhammatāya paccayākāraṃ ujuṃ kātuṃ samatthā nāma natthi. Evamayaṃ pajā paccayākāre ujuṃ kātuṃ asakkontī diṭṭhigatavasena gaṇṭhikajātā hutvā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ saṃsāraṃ nātivattati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">apāyo</span>ti nirayatiracchānayonipettivisayaasurakāyā. Sabbepi hi te vaḍḍhisaṅkhātassa ayassa abhāvato – ‘‘apāyo’’ti vuccanti. Tathā dukkhassa gatibhāvato <span class="bld">duggati. </span> Sukhasamussayato vinipatitattā <span class="bld">vinipāto.</span> Itaro pana –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Khandhānañca paṭipāṭi, dhātuāyatanāna ca;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Abbocchinnaṃ vattamānā, <span class="bld">saṃsāro</span>ti pavuccatī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Taṃ sabbampi nātivattati nātikkamati. Atha kho cutito paṭisandhiṃ, paṭisandhito cutinti evaṃ punappunaṃ cutipaṭisandhiyo gaṇhantā tīsu bhavesu catūsu yonīsu pañcasu gatīsu sattasu viññāṇaṭṭhitīsu navasu sattāvāsesu mahāsamudde vātukkhittanāvā viya yantesu yuttagoṇo viya ca paribbhamatiyeva<a name="M2.0087"></a>. Iti sabbaṃ petaṃ bhagavā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ apasādento āhāti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Paṭiccasamuppādavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para96"></a><a name="para96_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">96</span>. Idāni yasmā idaṃ suttaṃ – ‘‘gambhīro cāyaṃ, ānanda, paṭiccasamuppādo’’ti ca ‘‘tantākulakajātā’’ti ca dvīhiyeva padehi ābaddhaṃ, tasmā – ‘‘gambhīro cāyaṃ, ānanda, paṭiccasamuppādo’’ti iminā tāva anusandhinā paccayākārassa gambhīrabhāvadassanatthaṃ desanaṃ ārabhanto <span class="bld">atthi idappaccayā jarāmaraṇa</span>ntiādimāha. Tatrāyamattho – imassa jarāmaraṇassa paccayo idappaccayo, tasmā idappaccayā atthi jarāmaraṇaṃ, atthi nu kho jarāmaraṇassa paccayo, yamhā paccayā jarāmaraṇaṃ bhaveyyāti <a name="P2.0497"></a> evaṃ puṭṭhena satā, ānanda, paṇḍitena puggalena yathā – ‘‘taṃ jīvaṃ taṃ sarīra’’nti vutte ṭhapanīyattā pañhassa tuṇhī bhavitabbaṃ hoti, ‘‘abyākatametaṃ <a name="V2.0078"></a> tathāgatenā’’ti vā vattabbaṃ hoti, evaṃ appaṭipajjitvā, yathā – ‘‘cakkhu sassataṃ asassata’’nti vutte asassatanti ekaṃseneva vattabbaṃ hoti, evaṃ ekaṃseneva atthītissa vacanīyaṃ. Puna kiṃ paccayā jarāmaraṇaṃ, ko nāma so paccayo, yato jarāmaraṇaṃ hotīti vutte <span class="bld">jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇa</span>nti iccassa vacanīyaṃ, evaṃ vattabbaṃ bhaveyyāti attho. Esa nayo sabbapadesu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nāmarūpapaccayā phasso</span>ti idaṃ pana yasmā saḷāyatanapaccayāti vutte cakkhusamphassādīnaṃ channaṃ vipākasamphassānaṃyeva gahaṇaṃ hoti, idha ca ‘‘saḷāyatanapaccayā’’ti iminā padena gahitampi agahitampi paccayuppannavisesaṃ phassassa ca saḷāyatanato atirittaṃ aññampi visesapaccayaṃ dassetukāmo, tasmā vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Iminā pana vārena bhagavatā kiṃ kathitanti? Paccayānaṃ nidānaṃ kathitaṃ. Idañhi suttaṃ paccaye nijjaṭe niggumbe katvā kathitattā <span class="bld">mahānidāna</span>nti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para98"></a><a name="para98_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">98</span>. Idāni tesaṃ tesaṃ paccayānaṃ tathaṃ avitathaṃ anaññathaṃ paccayabhāvaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇanti iti kho panetaṃ vutta</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">pariyāyenā</span>ti kāraṇena. <span class="bld">Sabbenasabbaṃ sabbathāsabba</span>nti nipātadvayametaṃ. Tassattho – ‘‘sabbākārena sabbā sabbena sabhāvena <a name="M2.0088"></a> sabbā jāti nāma yadi na bhaveyyā’’ti. Bhavādīsupi imināva nayena attho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Kassacī</span>ti aniyamavacanametaṃ, devādīsu yassa kassaci. <span class="bld">Kimhicī</span>ti idampi aniyamavacanameva, kāmabhavādīsu navasu bhavesu yattha katthaci. <span class="bld">Seyyathida</span>nti aniyamitanikkhittaatthavibhajanatthe nipāto, tassattho – ‘‘yaṃ vuttaṃ ‘kassaci kimhicī’ti, tassa te atthaṃ vibhajissāmī’’ti. Atha naṃ vibhajanto – ‘‘devānaṃ vā devattāyā’’tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">devānaṃ vā devattāyā</span>ti yā ayaṃ devānaṃ devabhāvāya khandhajāti, yāya khandhajātiyā devā ‘‘devā’’ti vuccanti. Sace <a name="P2.0498"></a> hi jāti sabbena sabbaṃ nābhavissāti iminā nayena sabbapadesu attho veditabbo. Ettha ca <span class="bld">devā</span>ti upapattidevā. <span class="bld">Gandhabbā</span>ti mūlakhandhādīsu adhivatthadevatāva. <span class="bld">Yakkhā</span>ti amanussā. <span class="bld">Bhūtā</span>ti ye keci nibbattasattā. <span class="bld">Pakkhino</span>ti ye keci aṭṭhipakkhā vā cammapakkhā vā lomapakkhā vā. <span class="bld">Sarīsapā</span>ti ye keci bhūmiyaṃ sarantā gacchanti. <span class="bld">Tesaṃ tesa</span>nti tesaṃ tesaṃ devagandhabbādīnaṃ. <span class="bld">Tadatthāyā</span>ti devagandhabbādibhāvāya. <span class="bld">Jātinirodhā</span>ti jātivigamā, jātiabhāvāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Hetū</span>tiādīni sabbānipi kāraṇavevacanāni eva. Kāraṇañhi yasmā attano phalatthāya hinoti <a name="V2.0079"></a> pavattati, tasmā ‘‘hetū’’ti vuccati. Yasmā taṃ phalaṃ nideti – ‘‘handa, naṃ gaṇhathā’’ti appeti viya tasmā <span class="bld">nidānaṃ.</span> Yasmā phalaṃ tato samudeti uppajjati, tañca paṭicca eti pavattati, tasmā <span class="bld">samudayo</span>ti ca <span class="bld">paccayo</span>ti ca vuccati. Esa nayo sabbattha. Api ca <span class="bld">yadidaṃ jātī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">yadida</span>nti nipāto. Tassa sabbapadesu liṅgānurūpato attho veditabbo. Idha pana – ‘‘yā esā jātī’’ti ayamassa attho. Jarāmaraṇassa hi jāti upanissayakoṭiyā paccayo hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para99"></a><a name="para99_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">99</span>. Bhavapade – ‘‘kimhicī’’ti iminā okāsapariggaho kato. Tattha heṭṭhā avīcipariyantaṃ katvā upari paranimmitavasavattideve antokaritvā <span class="bld">kāmabhavo</span> veditabbo. Ayaṃ nayo upapattibhave. Idha pana kammabhave yujjati. So hi jātiyā upanissayakoṭiyāva paccayo hoti. Upādānapadādīsupi – ‘‘kimhicī’’ti iminā okāsapariggahova katoti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para100"></a><a name="para100_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">100</span>. <span class="bld">Upādānapaccayā</span> <a name="M2.0089"></a> <span class="bld">bhavo</span>ti ettha kāmupādānaṃ tiṇṇampi kammabhavānaṃ tiṇṇañca upapattibhavānaṃ paccayo, tathā sesānipīti upādānapaccayā catuvīsatibhavā veditabbā. Nippariyāyenettha dvādasa kammabhavā labbhanti. Tesaṃ upādānāni sahajātakoṭiyāpi upanissayakoṭiyāpi paccayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para101"></a><a name="para101_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">101</span>. <span class="bld">Rūpataṇhā</span>ti rūpārammaṇe taṇhā. Esa nayo saddataṇhādīsu. Sā panesā taṇhā upādānassa sahajātakoṭiyāpi upanissayakoṭiyāpi paccayo hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para102"></a><a name="para102_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">102</span>. <span class="bld">Esa paccayo taṇhāya, yadidaṃ</span> <a name="P2.0499"></a> <span class="bld">vedanā</span>ti ettha vipākavedanā taṇhāya upanissayakoṭiyā paccayo hoti, aññā aññathāpīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para103"></a><a name="para103_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">103</span>. Ettāvatā pana bhagavā vaṭṭamūlabhūtaṃ purimataṇhaṃ dassetvā idāni desanaṃ, piṭṭhiyaṃ paharitvā kesesu vā gahetvā viravantaṃ viravantaṃ maggato okkamento viya navahi padehi samudācārataṇhaṃ dassento – ‘‘iti kho panetaṃ, ānanda, vedanaṃ paṭicca taṇhā’’tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">taṇhā</span>ti dve taṇhā esanataṇhā ca, esitataṇhā ca. Yāya taṇhāya ajapathasaṅkupathādīni paṭipajjitvā bhoge esati gavesati, ayaṃ <span class="bld">esanataṇhā</span> nāma. Yā tesu esitesu gavesitesu paṭiladdhesu taṇhā, ayaṃ <span class="bld">esitataṇhā</span> nāma. Tadubhayampi samudācārataṇhāya eva adhivacanaṃ. Tasmā <a name="V2.0080"></a> duvidhāpesā vedanaṃ paṭicca taṇhā nāma. <span class="bld">Pariyesanā</span> nāma rūpādiārammaṇapariyesanā, sā hi taṇhāya sati hoti. <span class="bld">Lābho</span>ti rūpādiārammaṇapaṭilābho, so hi pariyesanāya sati hoti. <span class="bld">Vinicchayo</span> pana ñāṇataṇhādiṭṭhivitakkavasena catubbidho. Tattha – ‘‘sukhavinicchayaṃ jaññā, sukhavinicchayaṃ ñatvā ajjhattaṃ sukhamanuyuñjeyyā’’ti (ma. ni. 3.323) ayaṃ <span class="bld">ñāṇavinicchayo. </span> ‘‘Vinicchayoti dve vinicchayā – taṇhāvinicchayo ca diṭṭhivinicchayo cā’’ti (mahāni. 102). Evaṃ āgatāni aṭṭhasatataṇhāvicaritāni <span class="bld">taṇhāvinicchayo.</span> Dvāsaṭṭhi diṭṭhiyo <span class="bld">diṭṭhivinicchayo.</span> ‘‘Chando kho, devānaminda, vitakkanidāno’’ti (dī. ni. 2.358) imasmiṃ pana sutte idha vinicchayoti vutto vitakkoyeva āgato. Lābhaṃ labhitvā hi iṭṭhāniṭṭhaṃ sundarāsundarañca vitakkeneva vinicchināti <a name="M2.0090"></a> – ‘‘ettakaṃ me rūpārammaṇatthāya bhavissati, ettakaṃ saddādiārammaṇatthāya, ettakaṃ mayhaṃ bhavissati, ettakaṃ parassa, ettakaṃ paribhuñjissāmi, ettakaṃ nidahissāmī’’ti. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘lābhaṃ paṭicca vinicchayo’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Chandarāgo</span>ti evaṃ akusalavitakkena vitakkitavatthusmiṃ dubbalarāgo ca balavarāgo ca uppajjati, idañhi idha taṇhā. <span class="bld">Chando</span>ti dubbalarāgassādhivacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ajjhosāna</span>nti ahaṃ mamanti balavasanniṭṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Pariggaho</span>ti taṇhādiṭṭhavasena pariggahaṇakaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Macchariya</span>nti parehi sādhāraṇabhāvassa asahanatā. Tenevassa porāṇā evaṃ <a name="P2.0500"></a> vacanatthaṃ vadanti – ‘‘idaṃ acchariyaṃ mayhameva hotu, mā aññesaṃ acchariyaṃ hotūti pavattattā macchariyanti vuccatī’’ti. <span class="bld">Ārakkho</span>ti dvārapidahanamañjūsagopanādivasena suṭṭhu rakkhaṇaṃ. Adhikarotīti <span class="bld">adhikaraṇaṃ,</span> kāraṇassetaṃ nāmaṃ. <span class="bld">Ārakkhādhikaraṇa</span>nti bhāvanapuṃsakaṃ, ārakkhahetūti attho. Daṇḍādānādīsu paranisedhanatthaṃ daṇḍassa ādānaṃ <span class="bld">daṇḍādānaṃ.</span> Ekato dhārādino satthassa ādānaṃ <span class="bld">satthādānaṃ. Kalaho</span>ti kāyakalahopi vācākalahopi. Purimo purimo virodho <span class="bld">viggaho.</span> Pacchimo pacchimo <span class="bld">vivādo.</span> Tuvaṃtuvanti agāravavacanaṃ <span class="bld">tuvaṃtuvaṃ.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para112"></a><a name="para112_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">112</span>. Idāni paṭilomanayenāpi taṃsamudācārataṇhaṃ dassetuṃ puna – ‘‘ārakkhādhikaraṇa’’nti ārabhanto desanaṃ nivattesi. Tattha <span class="bld">kāmataṇhā</span>ti pañcakāmaguṇikarāgavasena uppannā rūpāditaṇhā. <span class="bld">Bhavataṇhā</span>ti sassatadiṭṭhisahagato rāgo. <span class="bld">Vibhavataṇhā</span>ti ucchedadiṭṭhisahagato rāgo. <span class="bld">Ime dve dhammā</span>ti vaṭṭamūlataṇhā ca samudācārataṇhā cāti ime dve dhammā. <span class="bld">Dvayenā</span>ti taṇhālakkhaṇavasena ekabhāvaṃ gatāpi vaṭṭamūlasamudācāravasena dvīhi koṭṭhāsehi vedanāya ekasamosaraṇā bhavanti, vedanāpaccayena ekapaccayāti attho. Tividhañhi samosaraṇaṃ osaraṇasamosaraṇaṃ, sahajātasamosaraṇaṃ, paccayasamosaraṇañca. Tattha – ‘‘atha <a name="V2.0081"></a> kho sabbāni tāni kāmasamosaraṇāni bhavantī’’ti idaṃ <span class="bld">osaraṇasamosaraṇaṃ</span> nāma. ‘‘Chandamūlakā, āvuso, ete dhammā phassasamudayā vedanāsamosaraṇā’’ti (a. ni. 8.83) idaṃ <span class="bld">sahajātasamosaraṇaṃ</span> nāma. ‘‘Dvayena vedanāya ekasamosaraṇā’’ti idaṃ pana <span class="bld">paccayasamosaraṇa</span>nti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para113"></a><a name="para113_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">113</span>. <span class="bld">Cakkhusamphasso</span>ti <a name="M2.0091"></a> ādayo sabbe vipākaphassāyeva. Tesu ṭhapetvā cattāro lokuttaravipākaphasse avasesā dvattiṃsa phassā honti. <span class="bld">Yadidaṃ phasso</span>ti ettha pana phasso bahudhā vedanāya paccayo hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para114"></a><a name="para114_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">114</span>. <span class="bld">Yehi, ānanda, ākārehī</span>tiādīsu ākārā vuccanti vedanādīnaṃ aññamaññaṃ asadisasabhāvā. Teyeva sādhukaṃ dassiyamānā taṃ taṃ līnamatthaṃ gamentīti <span class="bld">liṅgāni.</span> Tassa tassa sañjānanahetuto <span class="bld">nimittāni.</span> Tathā tathā uddisitabbato <span class="bld">uddesā</span><a name="P2.0501"></a>. Tasmā ayamettha attho – ‘‘ānanda, yehi ākārehi…pe… yehi uddesehi nāmakāyassa nāmasamūhassa paññatti hoti, yā esā ca vedanāya vedayitākāre vedayitaliṅge vedayitanimitte vedanāti uddese sati, saññāya sañjānanākāre sañjānanaliṅge sañjānananimitte saññāti uddese sati, saṅkhārānaṃ cetanākāre cetanāliṅge cetanānimitte cetanāti uddese sati, viññāṇassa vijānanākāre vijānanaliṅge vijānananimitte viññāṇanti uddese sati – ‘ayaṃ nāmakāyo’ti nāmakāyassa paññatti hoti. Tesu nāmakāyappaññattihetūsu vedanādīsu ākārādīsu asati api nu kho rūpakāye adhivacanasamphasso paññāyetha? Yvāyaṃ cattāro khandhe vatthuṃ katvā manodvāre adhivacanasamphassavevacano manosamphasso uppajjati, api nu kho so rūpakāye paññāyetha, pañca pasāde vatthuṃ katvā katvā uppajjeyyā’’ti. Atha āyasmā ānando ambarukkhe asati jamburukkhato ambapakkassa uppattiṃ viya rūpakāyato tassa uppattiṃ asampaṭicchanto <span class="bld">no hetaṃ bhante</span>ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dutiyapañhe ruppanākāraruppanaliṅgaruppananimittavasena rūpanti uddesavasena ca ākārādīnaṃ attho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Paṭighasamphasso</span>ti sappaṭighaṃ rūpakkhandhaṃ vatthuṃ katvā uppajjanakasamphasso. Idhāpi thero jamburukkhe asati ambarukkhato jambupakkassa uppattiṃ viya nāmakāyato tassa uppattiṃ asampaṭicchanto ‘‘no hetaṃ bhante’’ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatiyapañho <a name="V2.0082"></a><a name="M2.0092"></a> ubhayavaseneva vutto. Tatra thero ākāse ambajambupakkānaṃ uppattiṃ viya nāmarūpābhāve dvinnampi phassānaṃ uppattiṃ asampaṭicchanto ‘‘no hetaṃ bhante’’ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ dvinnaṃ phassānaṃ visuṃ visuṃ paccayaṃ dassetvā idāni dvinnampi tesaṃ avisesato nāmarūpapaccayataṃ dassetuṃ – ‘‘yehi ānanda ākārehī’’ti catutthaṃ pañhaṃ ārabhi. <span class="bld">Yadidaṃ nāmarūpa</span>nti yaṃ idaṃ nāmarūpaṃ, yaṃ idaṃ chasupi dvāresu nāmarūpaṃ, eseva hetu eseva paccayoti attho. Cakkhudvārādīsu hi cakkhādīni ceva rūpārammaṇādīni ca rūpaṃ, sampayuttakā khandhā nāmanti evaṃ pañcavidhopi so phasso nāmarūpapaccayāva <a name="P2.0502"></a> phasso. Manodvārepi hadayavatthuñceva yañca rūpaṃ ārammaṇaṃ hoti, idaṃ rūpaṃ. Sampayuttadhammā ceva yañca arūpaṃ ārammaṇaṃ hoti, idaṃ arūpaṃ nāma. Evaṃ manosamphassopi nāmarūpapaccayā phassoti veditabbo. Nāmarūpaṃ panassa bahudhā paccayo hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para115"></a><a name="para115_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">115</span>. <span class="bld">Na okkamissathā</span>ti pavisitvā pavattamānaṃ viya paṭisandhivasena na vattissatha. <span class="bld">Samuccissathā</span>ti paṭisandhiviññāṇe asati api nu kho suddhaṃ avasesaṃ nāmarūpaṃ antomātukucchismiṃ kalalādibhāvena samuccitaṃ missakabhūtaṃ hutvā vattissatha. <span class="bld">Okkamitvā vokkamissathā</span>ti paṭisandhivasena okkamitvā cutivasena vokkamissatha, nirujjhissathāti attho. So panassa nirodho na tasseva cittassa nirodhena, na tato dutiyatatiyānaṃ nirodhena hoti. Paṭisandhicittena hi saddhiṃ samuṭṭhitāni samatiṃsa kammajarūpāni nibbattanti. Tesu pana ṭhitesuyeva soḷasa bhavaṅgacittāni uppajjitvā nirujjhanti. Etasmiṃ antare gahitapaṭisandhikassa dārakassa vā mātuyā vā panassa antarāyo natthi. Ayañhi <span class="bld">anokāso</span> nāma. Sace pana paṭisandhicittena saddhiṃ samuṭṭhitarūpāni sattarasamassa bhavaṅgassa paccayaṃ dātuṃ sakkonti, pavatti pavattati, paveṇī ghaṭiyati. Sace pana na sakkonti, pavatti nappavattati, paveṇī na ghaṭiyati, <span class="bld">vokkamati</span> nāma hoti. Taṃ sandhāya ‘‘okkamitvā vokkamissathā’’ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Itthattāyā</span>ti itthabhāvāya, evaṃ paripuṇṇapañcakkhandhabhāvāyāti attho. <span class="bld">Daharasseva sato</span>ti mandassa bālasseva santassa. <span class="bld">Vocchijjissathā</span>ti upacchijjissatha <a name="M2.0093"></a> <span class="bld">vuḍḍhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepulla</span>nti viññāṇe upacchinne suddhaṃ nāmarūpameva uṭṭhahitvā paṭhamavayavasena vuḍḍhiṃ, majjhimavayavasena virūḷhiṃ, pacchimavayavasena vepullaṃ api nu kho āpajjissathāti. Dasavassavīsativassavassasatavassasahassasampāpanena <a name="V2.0083"></a> vā api nu kho vuḍḍhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ āpajjissathāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tasmātihānandā</span>ti yasmā mātukucchiyaṃ paṭisandhiggahaṇepi <a name="P2.0503"></a> kucchivāsepi kucchito nikkhamanepi, pavattiyaṃ dasavassādikālepi viññāṇamevassa paccayo, tasmā eseva hetu esa paccayo nāmarūpassa, yadidaṃ viññāṇaṃ. Yathā hi rājā attano parisaṃ niggaṇhanto evaṃ vadeyya – ‘‘tvaṃ uparājā, tvaṃ senāpatīti kena kato nanu mayā kato, sace hi mayi akaronte tvaṃ attano dhammatāya uparājā vā senāpati vā bhaveyyāsi, jāneyyāma vo bala’’nti; evameva viññāṇaṃ nāmarūpassa paccayo hoti. Atthato evaṃ nāmarūpaṃ vadati viya ‘‘tvaṃ nāmaṃ, tvaṃ rūpaṃ, tvaṃ nāmarūpaṃ nāmāti kena kataṃ, nanu mayā kataṃ, sace hi mayi purecārike hutvā mātukucchismiṃ paṭisandhiṃ agaṇhante tvaṃ nāmaṃ vā rūpaṃ vā nāmarūpaṃ vā bhaveyyāsi, jāneyyāma vo bala’’nti. Taṃ panetaṃ viññāṇaṃ nāmarūpassa bahudhā paccayo hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para116"></a><a name="para116_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">116</span>. <span class="bld">Dukkhasamudayasambhavo</span>ti dukkharāsisambhavo. <span class="bld">Yadidaṃ nāmarūpa</span>nti yaṃ idaṃ nāmarūpaṃ, eseva hetu esa paccayo. Yathā hi rājapurisā rājānaṃ niggaṇhanto evaṃ vadeyyuṃ – ‘‘tvaṃ rājāti kena kato, nanu mayā kato, sace hi mayi uparājaṭṭhāne, mayi senāpatiṭṭhāne atiṭṭhante tvaṃ ekakova rājā bhaveyyāsi, passeyyāma te rājabhāva’’nti; evameva nāmarūpampi atthato evaṃ viññāṇaṃ vadati viya ‘‘tvaṃ paṭisandhiviññāṇanti kena kataṃ, nanu amhehi kataṃ, sace hi tvaṃ tayo khandhe hadayavatthuñca anissāya paṭisandhiviññāṇaṃ nāma bhaveyyāsi, passeyyāma te paṭisandhiviññāṇabhāva’’nti. Tañca panetaṃ nāmarūpaṃ viññāṇassa bahudhā paccayo hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ettāvatā kho</span>ti viññāṇe nāmarūpassa paccaye honte, nāmarūpe viññāṇassa paccaye honte, dvīsu aññamaññapaccayavasena pavattesu ettakena <a name="M2.0094"></a> jāyetha vā…pe… upapajjetha vā, jātiādayo paññāyeyyuṃ aparāparaṃ vā cutipaṭisandhiyoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Adhivacanapatho</span>ti ‘‘sirivaḍḍhako dhanavaḍḍhako’’tiādikassa atthaṃ adisvā vacanamattameva adhikicca pavattassa vohārassa patho. <span class="bld">Niruttipatho</span>ti saratīti sato, sampajānātīti sampajānotiādikassa <a name="P2.0504"></a> kāraṇāpadesavasena pavattassa vohārassa patho. <span class="bld">Paññattipatho</span>ti – ‘‘paṇḍito <a name="V2.0084"></a> byatto medhāvī nipuṇo kataparappavādo’’tiādikassa nānappakārato ñāpanavasena pavattassa vohārassa patho. Iti tīhi padehi adhivacanādīnaṃ vatthubhūtā khandhāva kathitā. <span class="bld">Paññāvacara</span>nti paññāya avacaritabbaṃ jānitabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Vaṭṭaṃ vattatī</span>ti saṃsāravaṭṭaṃ vattati. <span class="bld">Itthatta</span>nti itthaṃbhāvo, khandhapañcakassetaṃ nāmaṃ. <span class="bld">Paññāpanāyā</span>ti nāmapaññattatthāya. ‘‘Vedanā saññā’’tiādinā nāmapaññattatthāya, khandhapañcakampi ettāvatā paññāyatīti attho. <span class="bld">Yadidaṃ nāmarūpaṃ saha viññāṇenā</span>ti yaṃ idaṃ nāmarūpaṃ saha viññāṇena aññamaññapaccayatāya pavattati, ettāvatāti vuttaṃ hoti. Idañhettha niyyātitavacanaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Attapaññattivaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para117"></a><a name="para117_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">117</span>. Iti bhagavā – ‘‘gambhīro cāyaṃ, ānanda, paṭiccasamuppādo, gambhīrāvabhāso cā’’ti padassa anusandhiṃ dassetvā idāni ‘‘tantākulakajātā’’ti padassa anusandhiṃ dassento ‘‘kittāvatā cā’’tiādikaṃ desanaṃ ārabhi. Tattha <span class="bld">rūpiṃ vā hi, ānanda, parittaṃ attāna</span>ntiādīsu yo avaḍḍhitaṃ kasiṇanimittaṃ attāti gaṇhāti, so rūpiṃ parittaṃ paññapeti. Yo pana nānākasiṇalābhī hoti, so taṃ kadāci nīlo, kadāci pītakoti paññapeti. Yo vaḍḍhitaṃ kasiṇanimittaṃ attāti gaṇhāti, so rūpiṃ anantaṃ paññapeti. Yo vā pana avaḍḍhitaṃ kasiṇanimittaṃ ugghāṭetvā nimittaphuṭṭhokāsaṃ vā tattha pavatte cattāro khandhe vā tesu viññāṇamattameva vā attāti gaṇhāti, so arūpiṃ parittaṃ paññapeti. Yo vaḍḍhitaṃ nimittaṃ ugghāṭetvā nimittaphuṭṭhokāsaṃ vā tattha pavatte cattāro khandhe vā tesu viññāṇamattameva vā attāti gaṇhāti, so arūpiṃ anantaṃ paññapeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para118"></a><a name="para118_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">118</span>. <span class="bld">Tatrānandā</span>ti <a name="M2.0095"></a> ettha <span class="bld">tatrā</span>ti tesu catūsu diṭṭhigatikesu. <span class="bld">Etarahi vā</span>ti idāneva, na ito paraṃ. Ucchedavasenetaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Tatthabhāviṃ vā</span>ti tattha vā paraloke bhāviṃ. Sassatavasenetaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Atathaṃ vā pana santa</span>nti atathasabhāvaṃ samānaṃ. <span class="bld">Tathattāyā</span>ti tathabhāvāya. <span class="bld">Upakappessāmī</span>ti sampādessāmi. Iminā vivādaṃ dasseti. Ucchedavādī hi ‘‘sassatavādino attānaṃ atathaṃ anucchedasabhāvampi samānaṃ tathatthāya <a name="P2.0505"></a> ucchedasabhāvāya upakappessāmi, sassatavādañca jānāpetvā ucchedavādameva naṃ gāhessāmī’’ti cinteti. Sassatavādīpi ‘‘ucchedavādino attānaṃ atathaṃ asassatasabhāvampi samānaṃ tathatthāya sassatabhāvāya upakappessāmi, ucchedavādañca jānāpetvā sassatavādameva naṃ gāhessāmī’’ti cinteti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V2.0085"></a> <span class="bld">santaṃ kho</span>ti evaṃ samānaṃ rūpiṃ parittaṃ attānaṃ paññapentanti attho. <span class="bld">Rūpi</span>nti rūpakasiṇalābhiṃ. <span class="bld">Parittattānudiṭṭhi anusetī</span>ti paritto attāti ayaṃ diṭṭhi anuseti, sā pana na valli viya ca latā viya ca anuseti. Appahīnaṭṭhena anusetīti veditabbo. <span class="bld">Iccālaṃ vacanāyā</span>ti taṃ puggalaṃ evarūpā diṭṭhi anusetīti vattuṃ yuttaṃ. Esa nayo sabbattha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Arūpi</span>nti ettha pana arūpakasiṇalābhiṃ, arūpakkhandhagocaraṃ vāti evamattho daṭṭhabbo. Ettāvatā lābhino cattāro, tesaṃ antevāsikā cattāro, takkikā cattāro, tesaṃ antevāsikā cattāroti attato soḷasa diṭṭhigatikā dassitā honti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Naattapaññattivaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para119"></a><a name="para119_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">119</span>. Evaṃ ye attānaṃ paññapenti, te dassetvā idāni ye na paññapenti, te dassetuṃ – ‘‘kittāvatā ca ānandā’’tiādimāha. Ke pana na paññapenti? Sabbe tāva ariyapuggalā na paññapenti. Ye ca bahussutā tipiṭakadharā dvipiṭakadharā ekapiṭakadharā, antamaso ekanikāyampi sādhukaṃ vinicchinitvā uggahitadhammakathikopi āraddhavipassakopi puggalo, te na paññapentiyeva. Etesañhi paṭibhāgakasiṇe paṭibhāgakasiṇamicceva ñāṇaṃ hoti. Arūpakkhandhesu ca arūpakkhandhā icceva.</p>
<p class="subhead">Attasamanupassanāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para121"></a><a name="para121_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">121</span>. Evaṃ <a name="M2.0096"></a> ye na paññapenti, te dassetvā idāni ye te paññapenti, te yasmā diṭṭhivasena samanupassitvā paññapenti, sā ca nesaṃ samanupassanā vīsativatthukāya sakkāyadiṭṭhiyā appahīnattā hoti, tasmā taṃ vīsativatthukaṃ sakkāyadiṭṭhiṃ dassetuṃ puna <span class="bld">kittāvatā ca ānandā</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">vedanaṃ vā hī</span>ti iminā vedanākkhandhavatthukā sakkāyadiṭṭhi kathitā. <span class="bld">Appaṭisaṃvedano me attā</span>ti iminā rūpakkhandhavatthukā. <span class="bld">Attā me vediyati, vedanādhammo hi me attā</span>ti iminā saññāsaṅkhāraviññāṇakkhandhavatthukā<a name="P2.0506"></a>. Idañhi khandhattayaṃ vedanāsampayuttattā vediyati. Etassa ca vedanādhammo avippayuttasabhāvo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para122"></a><a name="para122_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">122</span>. Idāni <a name="V2.0086"></a> tattha dosaṃ dassento – ‘‘tatrānandā’’tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">tatrā</span>ti tesu tīsu diṭṭhigatikesu. <span class="bld">Yasmiṃ, ānanda, samaye</span>tiādi yo yo yaṃ yaṃ vedanaṃ attāti samanupassati, tassa tassa attano kadāci bhāvaṃ, kadāci abhāvanti evamādidosadassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para123"></a><a name="para123_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">123</span>. Aniccādīsu hutvā abhāvato <span class="bld">aniccā.</span> Tehi tehi kāraṇehi saṅgamma samāgamma katāti <span class="bld">saṅkhatā.</span> Taṃ taṃ paccayaṃ paṭicca sammā kāraṇeneva uppannāti <span class="bld">paṭiccasamuppannā. Khayo</span>tiādi sabbaṃ bhaṅgassa vevacanaṃ. Yañhi bhijjati, taṃ khiyatipi vayatipi virajjhatipi nirujjhatipi, tasmā <span class="bld">khayadhammā</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Byagā me</span>ti viagāti byagā, vigato niruddho me attāti attho. Kiṃ pana ekasseva tīsupi kālesu – ‘‘eso me attā’’ti hotīti, kiṃ pana na bhavissati? Diṭṭhigatikassa hi thusarāsimhi nikkhittakhāṇukasseva niccalatā nāma natthi, vanamakkaṭo viya aññaṃ gaṇhāti, aññaṃ muñcati. <span class="bld">Aniccasukhadukkhavokiṇṇa</span>nti visesena taṃ taṃ vedanaṃ attāti samanupassanto aniccañceva sukhañca dukkhañca attānaṃ samanupassati avisesena vedanaṃ attāti samanupassanto vokiṇṇaṃ uppādavayadhammaṃ <a name="M2.0097"></a> attānaṃ samanupassati. Vedanā hi tividhā ceva uppādavayadhammā ca, tañcesa attāti samanupassati. Iccassa anicco ceva attā āpajjati, ekakkhaṇe ca bahūnaṃ vedanānaṃ uppādo. Taṃ kho panesa aniccaṃ attānaṃ anujānāti, na ekakkhaṇe bahūnaṃ vedanānaṃ uppatti atthi. Imamatthaṃ sandhāya – ‘‘tasmātihānanda, etenapetaṃ nakkhamati ‘vedanā me attā’ti samanupassitu’’nti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para124"></a><a name="para124_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">124</span>. <span class="bld">Yattha panāvuso</span>ti yattha suddharūpakkhandhe sabbaso vedayitaṃ natthi. <span class="bld">Api nu kho tatthā</span>ti api nu kho tasmiṃ vedanāvirahite tālavaṇṭe vā vātapāne vā asmīti evaṃ ahaṃkāro uppajjeyyāti attho. <span class="bld">Tasmātihānandā</span>ti yasmā suddharūpakkhandho uṭṭhāya ahamasmīti na vadati, tasmā etenapi etaṃ nakkhamatīti attho. <span class="bld">Api nu kho tattha ayamahamasmīti siyā</span>ti api nu kho tesu <a name="P2.0507"></a> vedanādhammesu tīsu khandhesu ekadhammopi ayaṃ nāma ahamasmīti evaṃ vattabbo siyā. Atha vā vedanānirodhā saheva vedanāya niruddhesu tesu tīsu khandhesu api nu kho ayamahamasmīti vā ahamasmīti vā uppajjeyyāti attho. Athāyasmā ānando sasavisāṇassa tikhiṇabhāvaṃ viya taṃ asampaṭicchanto <span class="bld">no hetaṃ bhante</span>ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettāvatā <a name="V2.0087"></a> kiṃ kathitaṃ hoti? Vaṭṭakathā kathitā hoti. Bhagavā hi vaṭṭakathaṃ kathento katthaci avijjāsīsena kathesi, katthaci taṇhāsīsena, katthaci diṭṭhisīsena. Tattha ‘‘purimā, bhikkhave, koṭi nappaññāyati avijjāya, ‘ito pubbe avijjā nāhosi, atha pacchā samabhavī’ti. Evañcidaṃ, bhikkhave, vuccati. Atha ca pana paññāyati idappaccayā avijjā’’ti (a. ni. 10.61) evaṃ avijjāsīsena kathitā. ‘‘Purimā, bhikkhave, koṭi nappaññāyati bhavataṇhāya, ‘ito pubbe bhavataṇhā nāhosi, atha pacchā samabhavī’ti. Evañcidaṃ, bhikkhave, vuccati. Atha ca pana paññāyati idappaccayā bhavataṇhā’’ti (a. ni. 10.62) evaṃ taṇhāsīsena kathitā. ‘‘Purimā, bhikkhave, koṭi nappaññāyati bhavadiṭṭhiyā, ‘ito pubbe bhavadiṭṭhi nāhosi, atha pacchā samabhavī’ti, evañcidaṃ, bhikkhave, vuccati. Atha ca pana paññāyati idappaccayā bhavadiṭṭhī’’ti evaṃ diṭṭhisīsena kathitā. Idhāpi diṭṭhisīseneva kathitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Diṭṭhigatiko <a name="M2.0098"></a> hi sukhādivedanaṃ attāti gahetvā ahaṅkāramamaṅkāraparāmāsavasena sabbabhavayonigati – viññāṇaṭṭhitisattāvāsesu tato tato cavitvā tattha tattha upapajjanto mahāsamudde vātukkhittanāvā viya satataṃ samitaṃ paribbhamati, vaṭṭato sīsaṃ ukkhipituṃyeva na sakkoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para126"></a><a name="para126_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">126</span>. Iti bhagavā paccayākāramūḷhassa diṭṭhigatikassa ettakena kathāmaggena vaṭṭaṃ kathetvā idāni vivaṭṭaṃ kathento <span class="bld">yato kho pana, ānanda, bhikkhū</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tañca pana vivaṭṭakathaṃ bhagavā desanāsu kusalattā vissaṭṭhakammaṭṭhānaṃ navakammādivasena vikkhittapuggalaṃ anāmasitvā kārakassa satipaṭṭhānavihārino puggalassa vasena ārabhanto <span class="bld">neva vedanaṃ attānaṃ samanupassatī</span>tiādimāha. Evarūpo hi bhikkhu – ‘‘yaṃ kiñci rūpaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā oḷārikaṃ vā sukhumaṃ <a name="P2.0508"></a> vā hīnaṃ vā paṇītaṃ vā yaṃ dūre vā santike vā, sabbaṃ rūpaṃ aniccato vavatthapeti, ekaṃ sammasanaṃ. Dukkhato vavatthapeti, ekaṃ sammasanaṃ. Anattato vavatthapeti, ekaṃ sammasana’’ntiādinā nayena vuttassa sammasanañāṇassa vasena sabbadhammesu pavattattā neva vedanaṃ attāti samanupassati, na aññaṃ, so evaṃ asamanupassanto na kiñci loke upādiyatīti khandhalokādibhede loke rūpādīsu dhammesu kiñci ekadhammampi attāti vā attaniyanti vā na upādiyati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anupādiyaṃ</span> <a name="V2.0088"></a> <span class="bld">na paritassatī</span>ti anupādiyanto taṇhādiṭṭhimānaparitassanāyāpi na paritassati. <span class="bld">Aparitassa</span>nti aparitassamāno. <span class="bld">Paccattaṃyeva parinibbāyatī</span>ti attanāva kilesaparinibbānena parinibbāyati. Evaṃ parinibbutassa panassa paccavekkhaṇāpavattidassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">khīṇā jātī</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Iti sā diṭṭhī</span>ti yā tathāvimuttassa arahato diṭṭhi, sā evaṃ diṭṭhi. ‘‘Itissa diṭṭhī’’tipi pāṭho. Yo tathāvimutto arahā, evamassa diṭṭhīti attho. <span class="bld">Tadakalla</span>nti taṃ na yuttaṃ. Kasmā? Evañhi sati – ‘‘arahā na kiñci jānātī’’ti vuttaṃ bhaveyya, evaṃ ñatvā vimuttañca arahantaṃ ‘‘na kiñci jānātī’’ti vattuṃ <a name="M2.0099"></a> na yuttaṃ. Teneva catunnampi nayānaṃ avasāne – ‘‘taṃ kissa hetū’’tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">yāvatā ānanda adhivacana</span>nti yattako adhivacanasaṅkhāto vohāro atthi. <span class="bld">Yāvatā adhivacanapatho</span>ti yattako adhivacanassa patho, khandhā āyatanāni dhātuyo vā atthi. Esa nayo sabbattha. <span class="bld">Paññāvacara</span>nti paññāya avacaritabbaṃ khandhapañcakaṃ. <span class="bld">Tadabhiññā</span>ti taṃ abhijānitvā. Ettakena bhagavatā kiṃ dassitaṃ? Tantākulapadasseva anusandhi dassito.</p>
<p class="subhead">Sattaviññāṇaṭṭhitivaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para127"></a><a name="para127_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">127</span>. Idāni yo – ‘‘na paññapetī’’ti vutto, so yasmā gacchanto gacchanto ubhatobhāgavimutto nāma hoti. Yo ca – ‘‘na samanupassatī’’ti vutto, so yasmā gacchanto gacchanto paññāvimutto nāma hoti. Tasmā tesaṃ heṭṭhā vuttānaṃ dvinnaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ nigamanañca nāmañca dassetuṃ <span class="bld">satta kho imānanda viññāṇaṭṭhitiyo</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">sattā</span>ti paṭisandhivasena vuttā, ārammaṇavasena saṅgītisutte (dī. ni. 3.311) vuttā catasso āgamissanti. Viññāṇaṃ tiṭṭhati etthāti <a name="P2.0509"></a> <span class="bld">viññāṇaṭṭhiti,</span> viññāṇapatiṭṭhānassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Dve ca āyatanānī</span>ti dve nivāsaṭṭhānāni. Nivāsaṭṭhānañhi idhāyatananti adhippetaṃ. Teneva vakkhati – ‘‘asaññasattāyatanaṃ nevasaññānāsaññāyatanameva dutiya’’nti. Kasmā panetaṃ sabbaṃ gahitanti? Vaṭṭapariyādānatthaṃ. Vaṭṭañhi na suddhaviññāṇaṭṭhitivasena suddhāyatanavasena vā pariyādānaṃ gacchati, bhavayonigatisattāvāsavasena pana gacchati, tasmā sabbametaṃ gahitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni <a name="V2.0089"></a> anukkamena tamatthaṃ vibhajanto <span class="bld">katamā sattā</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">seyyathāpī</span>ti nidassanatthe nipāto, yathā manussāti attho. Aparimāṇesu hi cakkavāḷesu aparimāṇānaṃ manussānaṃ vaṇṇasaṇṭhānādivasena dvepi ekasadisā natthi. Yepi hi katthaci yamakabhātaro vaṇṇena vā saṇṭhānena vā ekasadisā honti, tesampi ālokitavilokitakathitahasitagamanaṭhānādīhi viseso hotiyeva. Tasmā <a name="M2.0100"></a> <span class="bld">nānattakāyā</span>ti vuttā. Paṭisandhisaññā pana nesaṃ tihetukāpi dvihetukāpi ahetukāpi honti, tasmā <span class="bld">nānattasaññino</span>ti vuttā. <span class="bld">Ekacce ca devā</span>ti cha kāmāvacaradevā. Tesu hi kesañci kāyo nīlo hoti, kesañci pītakādivaṇṇo. Saññā pana nesaṃ dvihetukāpi tihetukāpi honti, ahetukā natthi. <span class="bld">Ekacce ca vinipātikā</span>ti catuapāyavinimuttā uttaramātā yakkhinī, piyaṅkaramātā, phussamittā, dhammaguttāti evamādikā aññe ca vemānikā petā. Etesañhi pītaodātakāḷamaṅguracchavisāmavaṇṇādivasena ceva kisathūlarassadīghavasena ca kāyo nānā hoti, manussānaṃ viya dvihetukatihetukaahetukavasena saññāpi. Te pana devā viya na mahesakkhā, kapaṇamanussā viya appesakkhā, dullabhaghāsacchādanā dukkhapīḷitā viharanti. Ekacce kāḷapakkhe dukkhitā juṇhapakkhe sukhitā honti, tasmā sukhasamussayato vinipatitattā <span class="bld">vinipātikā</span>ti vuttā. Ye panettha tihetukā tesaṃ dhammābhisamayopi hoti, piyaṅkaramātā hi yakkhinī paccūsasamaye anuruddhattherassa dhammaṃ sajjhāyato sutvā –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Mā <a name="P2.0510"></a> saddamakari piyaṅkara, bhikkhu dhammapadāni bhāsati;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Api dhammapadaṃ vijāniya, paṭipajjema hitāya no siyā;</p>
<p class="gatha1">Pāṇesu ca saṃyamāmase, sampajānamusā na bhaṇāmase;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sikkhema susīlyamattano, api muccema pisācayoniyā’’ti. (saṃ. ni. 2.40);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ puttakaṃ saññāpetvā taṃ divasaṃ sotāpattiphalaṃ pattā. Uttaramātā pana bhagavato dhammaṃ sutvāva sotāpannā jātā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Brahmakāyikā</span>ti brahmapārisajjabrahmapurohitamahābrahmāno. <span class="bld">Paṭhamābhinibbattā</span>ti te sabbepi paṭhamena jhānena abhinibbattā. Tesu brahmapārisajjā pana parittena abhinibbattā, tesaṃ kappassa tatiyo bhāgo āyuppamāṇaṃ. Brahmapurohitā majjhimena, tesaṃ upaḍḍhakappo āyuppamāṇaṃ, kāyo <a name="V2.0090"></a> ca tesaṃ vipphārikataro hoti. Mahābrahmāno paṇītena, tesaṃ kappo āyuppamāṇaṃ, kāyo pana tesaṃ ativipphāriko hoti. Iti te kāyassa nānattā, paṭhamajjhānavasena saññāya ekattā <span class="bld">nānattakāyā ekattasaññino</span>ti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā <a name="M2.0101"></a> ca te, evaṃ catūsu apāyesu sattā. Nirayesu hi kesañci gāvutaṃ, kesañci aḍḍhayojanaṃ, kesañci yojanaṃ attabhāvo hoti, devadattassa pana yojanasatiko jāto. Tiracchānesupi keci khuddakā, keci mahantā. Pettivisayepi keci saṭṭhihatthā, keci sattatihatthā, keci asītihatthā honti, keci suvaṇṇā, keci dubbaṇṇā honti. Tathā kālakañjikā asurā. Api cettha dīghapiṭṭhikapetā nāma saṭṭhiyojanikāpi honti. Saññā pana sabbesampi akusalavipākaahetukāva honti. Iti āpāyikāpi nānattakāyā ekattasaññinotveva saṅkhyaṃ gacchanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ābhassarā</span>ti daṇḍaukkāya acci viya etesaṃ sarīrato ābhā chijjitvā chijjitvā patantī viya sarati vissaratīti ābhassarā. Tesu pañcakanayena dutiyatatiyajjhānadvayaṃ parittaṃ bhāvetvā upapannā <span class="bld">parittābhā</span> nāma honti, tesaṃ dve kappā āyuppamāṇaṃ. Majjhimaṃ bhāvetvā upapannā <span class="bld">appamāṇābhā</span> nāma honti, tesaṃ cattāro kappā āyuppamāṇaṃ. Paṇītaṃ bhāvetvā upapannā ābhassarā <a name="P2.0511"></a> nāma honti, tesaṃ aṭṭha kappā āyuppamāṇaṃ. Idha pana ukkaṭṭhaparicchedavasena sabbepi te gahitā. Sabbesañhi tesaṃ kāyo ekavipphārova hoti, saññā pana avitakkavicāramattā vā avitakkaavicārā vāti nānā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Subhakiṇhā</span>ti subhena okiṇṇā vikiṇṇā, subhena sarīrappabhāvaṇṇena ekagghanāti attho. Etesañhi ābhassarānaṃ viya na chijjitvā chijjitvā pabhā gacchati. Pañcakanaye pana parittamajjhimapaṇītassa catutthajjhānassa vasena soḷasadvattiṃsacatusaṭṭhikappāyukā <span class="bld">parittasubhaappamāṇasubhasubhakiṇhā</span> nāma hutvā nibbattanti. Iti sabbepi te <span class="bld">ekattakāyā ceva</span> catutthajjhānasaññāya ekattasaññino cāti veditabbā. <span class="bld">Vehapphalāpi</span> catutthaviññāṇaṭṭhitimeva bhajanti. <span class="bld">Asaññasattā</span> viññāṇābhāvā ettha saṅgahaṃ na gacchanti, sattāvāsesu gacchanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Suddhāvāsā</span> vivaṭṭapakkhe ṭhitā na sabbakālikā, kappasatasahassampi asaṅkhyeyyampi buddhasuññe loke nuppajjanti. Soḷasakappasahassabbhantare buddhesu uppannesuyeva uppajjanti, dhammacakkappavattassa bhagavato khandhavāraṭṭhānasadisā honti. Tasmā neva viññāṇaṭṭhitiṃ na sattāvāsaṃ <a name="V2.0091"></a> bhajanti. Mahāsīvatthero pana – ‘‘na kho pana so sāriputta sattāvāso sulabharūpo <a name="M2.0102"></a> yo mayā anivutthapubbo iminā dīghena addhunā aññatra suddhāvāsehi devehī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.160) iminā suttena suddhāvāsāpi catutthaviññāṇaṭṭhitiṃ catutthasattāvāsaṃyeva bhajantīti vadati, taṃ appaṭibāhiyattā suttassa anuññātaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbaso rūpasaññāna</span>ntiādīnaṃ attho visuddhimagge vutto. Nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ pana yatheva saññāya, evaṃ viññāṇassapi sukhumattā neva viññāṇaṃ nāviññāṇaṃ. Tasmā viññāṇaṭṭhitīsu avatvā āyatanesu vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para128"></a><a name="para128_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">128</span>. <span class="bld">Tatrā</span>ti tāsu viññāṇaṭṭhitīsu. <span class="bld">Tañca pajānātī</span>ti tañca viññāṇaṭṭhitiṃ pajānāti. <span class="bld">Tassā ca samudaya</span>nti ‘‘avijjāsamudayā rūpasamudayo’’tiādinā (paṭi. ma. 1.49) nayena tassā samudayañca pajānāti. <span class="bld">Tassā ca atthaṅgama</span>nti – ‘‘avijjānirodhā <a name="P2.0512"></a> rūpanirodho’’tiādinā nayena tassā atthaṅgamañca pajānāti. <span class="bld">Assāda</span>nti yaṃ rūpaṃ paṭicca…pe… yaṃ viññāṇaṃ paṭicca uppajjati sukhaṃ somanassaṃ, ayaṃ viññāṇassa assādoti, evaṃ tassā assādañca pajānāti. <span class="bld">Ādīnava</span>nti yaṃ rūpaṃ…pe… yaṃ viññāṇaṃ aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, ayaṃ viññāṇassa ādīnavoti, evaṃ tassā ādīnavañca pajānāti. <span class="bld">Nissaraṇa</span>nti yo rūpasmiṃ…pe… yo viññāṇe chandarāgavinayo, chandarāgappahānaṃ, idaṃ viññāṇassa nissaraṇanti (saṃ. ni. 2.26) evaṃ tassā nissaraṇañca pajānāti. <span class="bld">Kallaṃ nu tenā</span>ti yuttaṃ nu tena bhikkhunā taṃ viññāṇaṭṭhitiṃ taṇhāmānadiṭṭhīnaṃ vasena ahanti vā mamanti vā abhinanditunti. Etenupāyena sabbattha veditabbo. Yattha pana rūpaṃ natthi, tattha catunnaṃ khandhānaṃ vasena, yattha viññāṇaṃ natthi, tattha ekassa khandhassa vasena samudayo yojetabbo. Āhārasamudayā āhāranirodhāti idañcettha padaṃ yojetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yato kho, ānanda, bhikkhū</span>ti yadā kho ānanda, bhikkhu. <span class="bld">Anupādā vimutto</span>ti catūhi upādānehi aggahetvā vimutto. <span class="bld">Paññāvimutto</span>ti paññāya vimutto. Aṭṭha vimokkhe asacchikatvā paññābaleneva nāmakāyassa ca rūpakāyassa ca appavattiṃ katvā vimuttoti attho. So sukkhavipassako ca paṭhamajjhānādīsu aññatarasmiṃ ṭhatvā arahattaṃ patto <a name="M2.0103"></a> cāti pañcavidho. Vuttampi cetaṃ – ‘‘katamo ca puggalo paññāvimutto? Idhekacco puggalo na heva kho aṭṭha vimokkhe kāyena phusitvā viharati, paññāya cassa disvā āsavā parikkhīṇā honti, ayaṃ vuccati puggalo paññāvimutto’’ti (pu. pa. 15).</p>
<p class="subhead">Aṭṭhavimokkhavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para129"></a><a name="para129_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">129</span>. Evaṃ <a name="V2.0092"></a> ekassa bhikkhuno nigamanañca nāmañca dassetvā itarassa dassetuṃ <span class="bld">aṭṭha kho ime</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">vimokkho</span>ti kenaṭṭhena vimokkho? Adhimuccanaṭṭhena. Ko panāyaṃ adhimuccanaṭṭho nāma? Paccanīkadhammehi ca suṭṭhu muccanaṭṭho, ārammaṇe ca abhirativasena suṭṭhu muccanaṭṭho, pituaṅke vissaṭṭhaṅgapaccaṅgassa dārakassa sayanaṃ viya aniggahitabhāvena nirāsaṅkatāya ārammaṇe pavattīti vuttaṃ hoti. Ayaṃ panattho pacchime <a name="P2.0513"></a> vimokkhe natthi, purimesu sabbesu atthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rūpī rūpāni passatī</span>ti ettha ajjhattaṃ kesādīsu nīlakasiṇādīsu nīlakasiṇādivasena uppāditaṃ rūpajjhānaṃ rūpaṃ, tadassatthīti rūpī. <span class="bld">Bahiddhā rūpāni passatī</span>ti bahiddhāpi nīlakasiṇādīni rūpāni jhānacakkhunā passati. Iminā ajjhattabahiddhāvatthukesu kasiṇesu uppāditajjhānassa puggalassa cattāri rūpāvacarajjhānāni dassitāni. <span class="bld">Ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī</span>ti ajjhattaṃ na rūpasaññī, attano kesādīsu anuppāditarūpāvacarajjhānoti attho. Iminā bahiddhā parikammaṃ katvā bahiddhāva uppāditajjhānassa puggalassa rūpāvacarajjhānāni dassitāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Subhantveva adhimutto hotī</span>ti iminā suvisuddhesu nīlādīsu vaṇṇakasiṇesu jhānāni dassitāni. Tattha kiñcāpi antoappanāyaṃ subhanti ābhogo natthi, yo pana visuddhaṃ subhaṃ kasiṇamārammaṇaṃ karitvā viharati, so yasmā subhanti adhimutto hotīti vattabbataṃ āpajjati, tasmā evaṃ desanā katā. Paṭisambhidāmagge pana – ‘‘kathaṃ subhantveva adhimutto hotīti vimokkho? Idha bhikkhu mettāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharati…pe… mettāya bhāvitattā sattā appaṭikūlā honti. Karuṇā, muditā, upekkhāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharati…pe… upekkhāya bhāvitattā sattā appaṭikūlā <a name="M2.0104"></a> honti. Evaṃ subhaṃ tveva adhimutto hotīti vimokkho’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.212) vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbaso rūpasaññāna</span>ntiādīsu yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ sabbaṃ visuddhimagge vuttameva. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ aṭṭhamo vimokkho</span>ti ayaṃ catunnaṃ khandhānaṃ sabbaso visuddhattā vimuttattā aṭṭhamo uttamo vimokkho nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para130"></a><a name="para130_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">130</span>. <span class="bld">Anuloma</span>nti <a name="V2.0093"></a> ādito paṭṭhāya yāva pariyosānā. <span class="bld">Paṭiloma</span>nti pariyosānato paṭṭhāya yāva ādito. <span class="bld">Anulomapaṭiloma</span>nti idaṃ atipaguṇattā samāpattīnaṃ aṭṭhatvāva ito cito ca sañcaraṇavasena vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Yatthicchaka</span>nti okāsaparidīpanaṃ, yattha yattha okāse icchati. <span class="bld">Yadicchaka</span>nti samāpattidīpanaṃ, yaṃ yaṃ samāpattiṃ icchati. <span class="bld">Yāvaticchaka</span>nti addhānaparicchedadīpanaṃ<a name="P2.0514"></a>, yāvatakaṃ addhānaṃ icchati. <span class="bld">Samāpajjatī</span>ti taṃ taṃ samāpattiṃ pavisati. <span class="bld">Vuṭṭhātī</span>ti tato uṭṭhāya tiṭṭhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ubhatobhāgavimutto</span>ti dvīhi bhāgehi vimutto, arūpasamāpattiyā rūpakāyato vimutto, maggena nāmakāyato vimuttoti. Vuttampi cetaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Accī yathā vātavegena khittā, (upasivāti bhagavā)</p>
<p class="gatha2">Atthaṃ paleti na upeti saṅkhaṃ;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Evaṃ munī nāmakāyā vimutto,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Atthaṃ paleti na upeti saṅkha’’nti. (su. ni. 1080);</p>
<p class="bodytext">So panesa ubhatobhāgavimutto ākāsānañcāyatanādīsu aññatarato uṭṭhāya arahattaṃ patto ca anāgāmī hutvā nirodhā uṭṭhāya arahattaṃ patto cāti pañcavidho. Keci pana – ‘‘yasmā rūpāvacaracatutthajjhānampi duvaṅgikaṃ upekkhāsahagataṃ, arūpāvacarajjhānampi tādisameva. Tasmā rūpāvacaracatutthajjhānato uṭṭhāya arahattaṃ pattopi ubhatobhāgavimutto’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ayaṃ pana ubhatobhāgavimuttapañho heṭṭhā lohapāsāde samuṭṭhahitvā tipiṭakacūḷasumanattherassa vaṇṇanaṃ nissāya cirena vinicchayaṃ patto<a name="M2.0105"></a>. Girivihāre kira therassa antevāsiko ekassa piṇḍapātikassa mukhato taṃ pañhaṃ sutvā āha – ‘‘āvuso, heṭṭhālohapāsāde amhākaṃ ācariyassa dhammaṃ vaṇṇayato na kenaci sutapubba’’nti. Kiṃ pana, bhante, thero avacāti? Rūpāvacaracatutthajjhānaṃ kiñcāpi duvaṅgikaṃ upekkhāsahagataṃ kilese vikkhambheti, kilesānaṃ pana āsannapakkhe virūhanaṭṭhāne samudācarati. Ime hi kilesā nāma pañcavokārabhave nīlādīsu aññataraṃ ārammaṇaṃ upanissāya samudācaranti, rūpāvacarajjhānañca taṃ ārammaṇaṃ na samatikkamati. Tasmā sabbaso rūpaṃ nivattetvā arūpajjhānavasena kilese vikkhambhetvā arahattaṃ pattova ubhatobhāgavimuttoti, idaṃ āvuso thero avaca. Idañca pana vatvā idaṃ suttaṃ āhari – ‘‘katamo ca puggalo ubhatobhāgavimutto. Idhekacco puggalo aṭṭhavimokkhe <a name="P2.0515"></a><a name="V2.0094"></a> kāyena phusitvā viharati, paññāya cassa disvā āsavā parikkhīṇā honti, ayaṃ vuccati puggalo ubhatobhāgavimutto’’ti (pu. pa. 24).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Imāya ca ānanda ubhatobhāgavimuttiyā</span>ti ānanda ito ubhatobhāgavimuttito. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti sumaṅgalavilāsiniyā dīghanikāyaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</p>
<p class="centered">Mahānidānasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter"><a name="dn2_3"></a>3. Mahāparinibbānasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para131"></a><a name="para131_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">131</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="P2.0516"></a><a name="V2.0095"></a><a name="M2.0106"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti mahāparinibbānasuttaṃ. Tatrāyamanupubbapadavaṇṇanā – <span class="bld">gijjhakūṭe</span>ti gijjhā tassa kūṭesu vasiṃsu, gijjhasadisaṃ vā tassa kūṭaṃ atthīti gijjhakūṭo, tasmiṃ gijjhakūṭe. <span class="bld">Abhiyātukāmo</span>ti abhibhavanatthāya yātukāmo. <span class="bld">Vajjī</span>ti vajjirājāno. <span class="bld">Evaṃmahiddhike</span>ti evaṃ mahatiyā rājiddhiyā samannāgate, etena nesaṃ samaggabhāvaṃ kathesi. <span class="bld">Evaṃmahānubhāve</span>ti evaṃ mahantena ānubhāvena samannāgate, etena nesaṃ hatthisippādīsu katasikkhataṃ kathesi, yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ – ‘‘sikkhitā vatime licchavikumārakā, susikkhitā vatime licchavikumārakā, yatra hi nāma sukhumena tāḷacchiggalena asanaṃ atipātayissanti poṅkhānupoṅkhaṃ avirādhita’’nti (saṃ. ni. 5.1115). <span class="bld">Ucchecchāmī</span>ti ucchindissāmi. <span class="bld">Vināsessāmī</span>ti nāsessāmi, adassanaṃ pāpessāmi. <span class="bld">Anayabyasana</span>nti ettha na ayoti anayo, avaḍḍhiyā etaṃ nāmaṃ. Hitañca sukhañca viyassati vikkhipatīti byasanaṃ, ñātipārijuññādīnaṃ etaṃ nāmaṃ. <span class="bld">Āpādessāmī</span>ti pāpayissāmi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Iti kira so ṭhānanisajjādīsu imaṃ yuddhakathameva katheti, gamanasajjā hothāti evaṃ balakāyaṃ āṇāpeti. Kasmā? Gaṅgāyaṃ kira ekaṃ paṭṭanagāmaṃ nissāya aḍḍhayojanaṃ ajātasattuno āṇā, aḍḍhayojanaṃ licchavīnaṃ. Ettha pana āṇāpavattiṭṭhānaṃ hotīti attho. Tatrāpi ca pabbatapādato mahagghabhaṇḍaṃ otarati. Taṃ sutvā – ‘‘ajja yāmi, sve yāmī’’ti ajātasattuno saṃvidahantasseva licchavirājāno samaggā sammodamānā puretaraṃ gantvā sabbaṃ gaṇhanti. Ajātasattu pacchā āgantvā taṃ pavattiṃ ñatvā <a name="P2.0517"></a> kujjhitvā gacchati. Te punasaṃvaccharepi tatheva karonti. Atha so balavāghātajāto tadā evamakāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tato cintesi – ‘‘gaṇena saddhiṃ yuddhaṃ nāma bhāriyaṃ, ekopi moghappahāro nāma natthi, ekena kho pana paṇḍitena saddhiṃ mantetvā karonto nipparādho hoti, paṇḍito ca satthārā sadiso <a name="V2.0096"></a> natthi, satthā ca avidūre dhuravihāre vasati, handāhaṃ pesetvā pucchāmi<a name="M2.0107"></a>. Sace me gatena koci attho bhavissati, satthā tuṇhī bhavissati, anatthe pana sati kiṃ rañño tattha gamanenāti vakkhatī’’ti. So vassakārabrāhmaṇaṃ pesesi. Brāhmaṇo gantvā bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesi. Tena vuttaṃ – <span class="bld">‘‘atha kho rājā…pe… āpādessāmī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Rājaaparihāniyadhammavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para134"></a><a name="para134_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">134</span>. <span class="bld">Bhagavantaṃ bījayamāno</span>ti thero vattasīse ṭhatvā bhagavantaṃ bījati, bhagavato pana sītaṃ vā uṇhaṃ vā natthi. Bhagavā brāhmaṇassa vacanaṃ sutvā tena saddhiṃ amantetvā therena saddhiṃ mantetukāmo <span class="bld">kinti te, ānanda, suta</span>ntiādimāha. <span class="bld">Abhiṇhaṃ sannipātā</span>ti divasassa tikkhattuṃ sannipatantāpi antarantarā sannipatantāpi abhiṇhaṃ sannipātāva. <span class="bld">Sannipātabahulā</span>ti hiyyopi sannipatimhā, purimadivasampi sannipatimhā, puna ajja kimatthaṃ sannipatitā homāti vosānaṃ anāpajjantā sannipātabahulā nāma honti. <span class="bld">Yāvakīvañcā</span>ti yattakaṃ kālaṃ. <span class="bld">Vuddhiyeva, ānanda, vajjīnaṃ pāṭikaṅkhā, no parihānī</span>ti – abhiṇhaṃ asannipatantā hi disāvidisāsu āgataṃ sāsanaṃ na suṇanti, tato – ‘‘asukagāmasīmā vā nigamasīmā vā ākulā, asukaṭṭhāne corā vā pariyuṭṭhitā’’ti na jānanti, corāpi ‘‘pamattā rājāno’’ti ñatvā gāmanigamādīni paharantā janapadaṃ nāsenti. Evaṃ rājūnaṃ parihāni hoti. Abhiṇhaṃ sannipatantā pana taṃ taṃ pavattiṃ suṇanti, tato balaṃ pesetvā amittamaddanaṃ karonti, corāpi – ‘‘appamattā rājāno, na sakkā amhehi vaggabandhehi vicaritu’’nti bhijjitvā palāyanti. Evaṃ rājūnaṃ vuddhi hoti. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘vuddhiyeva, ānanda, vajjīnaṃ pāṭikaṅkhā no parihānī’’ti. Tattha <span class="bld">pāṭikaṅkhā</span>ti icchitabbā, avassaṃ bhavissatīti evaṃ daṭṭhabbāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samaggā</span>tiādīsu sannipātabheriyā niggatāya – ‘‘ajja me kiccaṃ atthi, maṅgalaṃ atthī’’ti vikkhepaṃ <a name="P2.0518"></a> karontā na samaggā sannipatanti nāma. Bherisaddaṃ pana sutvāva bhuñjantāpi alaṅkariyamānāpi vatthāni nivāsentāpi aḍḍhabhuttā vā aḍḍhālaṅkatā vā vatthaṃ nivāsayamānā vā sannipatantā samaggā sannipatanti nāma. Sannipatitā pana cintetvā mantetvā kattabbaṃ katvā ekatova avuṭṭhahantā <a name="M2.0108"></a> na samaggā vuṭṭhahanti nāma. Evaṃ vuṭṭhitesu hi ye paṭhamaṃ gacchanti, tesaṃ evaṃ hoti – ‘‘amhehi bāhirakathāva sutā, idāni vinicchayakathā bhavissatī’’ti. Ekato vuṭṭhahantā pana samaggā vuṭṭhahanti nāma. Apica – ‘‘asukaṭṭhānesu gāmasīmā <a name="V2.0097"></a> vā nigamasīmā vā ākulā, corā pariyuṭṭhitā’’ti sutvā – ‘‘ko gantvā imaṃ amittamaddanaṃ karissatī’’ti vutte – ‘‘ahaṃ paṭhamaṃ, ahaṃ paṭhama’’nti vatvā gacchantāpi samaggā vuṭṭhahanti nāma. Ekassa pana kammante osīdamāne sesā rājāno puttabhātaro pesetvā tassa kammantaṃ upatthambhayamānāpi, āgantukarājānaṃ – ‘‘asukassa gehaṃ gacchatu, asukassa gehaṃ gacchatū’’ti avatvā sabbe ekato saṅgaṇhantāpi, ekassa maṅgale vā roge vā aññasmiṃ vā pana tādise sukhadukkhe uppanne sabbe tattha sahāyabhāvaṃ gacchantāpi samaggā vajjikaraṇīyāni karonti nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Apaññatta</span>ntiādīsu pubbe akataṃ suṅkaṃ vā baliṃ vā daṇḍaṃ vā āharāpentā apaññattaṃ paññapenti nāma. Porāṇapaveṇiyā āgatameva pana anāharāpentā paññattaṃ samucchindanti nāma. Coroti gahetvā dassite avicinitvāva chejjabhejjaṃ anusāsentā porāṇaṃ vajjidhammaṃ samādāya na vattanti nāma. Tesaṃ apaññattaṃ paññapentānaṃ abhinavasuṅkādīhi pīḷitā manussā – ‘‘atiupaddutamha, ko imesaṃ vijite vasissatī’’ti paccantaṃ pavisitvā corā vā corasahāyā vā hutvā janapadaṃ paharanti. Paññattaṃ samucchindantānaṃ paveṇīāgatāni suṅkādīni agaṇhantānaṃ koso parihāyati. Tato hatthiassabalakāyaorodhādayo yathānibaddhaṃ vaṭṭaṃ alabhamānā thāmena balena parihāyanti. Te neva yuddhakkhamā honti, na pāricariyakkhamā. Porāṇaṃ vajjidhammaṃ samādāya avattantānaṃ vijite manussā – ‘‘amhākaṃ puttaṃ pitaraṃ bhātaraṃ acoraṃyeva coroti <a name="P2.0519"></a> katvā chindiṃsu bhindiṃsū’’ti kujjhitvā paccantaṃ pavisitvā corā vā corasahāyā vā hutvā janapadaṃ paharanti, evaṃ rājūnaṃ parihāni hoti, paññattaṃ paññapentānaṃ pana ‘‘paveṇīāgatameva rājāno karontī’’ti manussā haṭṭhatuṭṭhā kasivāṇijjādike kammante sampādenti. Paññattaṃ asamucchindantānaṃ paveṇīāgatāni suṅkādīni gaṇhantānaṃ <a name="M2.0109"></a> koso vaḍḍhati, tato hatthiassabalakāyaorodhādayo yathānibaddhaṃ vaṭṭaṃ labhamānā thāmabalasampannā yuddhakkhamā ceva pāricariyakkhamā ca honti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Porāṇaṃ vajjidhamma</span>nti ettha pubbe kira vajjirājāno ‘‘ayaṃ coro’’ti ānetvā dassite ‘‘gaṇhatha naṃ cora’’nti avatvā vinicchayamahāmattānaṃ denti. Te vinicchinitvā sace acoro hoti, vissajjenti. Sace coro, attanā kiñci avatvā vohārikānaṃ denti. Tepi acoro ce, vissajjenti. Coro ce, suttadharānaṃ denti. Tepi vinicchinitvā acoro ce, vissajjenti. Coro ce, aṭṭhakulikānaṃ denti. Tepi tatheva katvā senāpatissa, senāpati uparājassa, uparājā rañño, rājā vinicchinitvā acoro ce, vissajjeti. Sace <a name="V2.0098"></a> pana coro hoti, paveṇīpotthakaṃ vācāpeti. Tattha – ‘‘yena idaṃ nāma kataṃ, tassa ayaṃ nāma daṇḍo’’ti likhitaṃ. Rājā tassa kiriyaṃ tena samānetvā tadanucchavikaṃ daṇḍaṃ karoti. Iti etaṃ porāṇaṃ vajjidhammaṃ samādāya vattantānaṃ manussā na ujjhāyanti, ‘‘rājāno porāṇapaveṇiyā kammaṃ karonti, etesaṃ doso natthi, amhākaṃyeva doso’’ti appamattā kammante karonti. Evaṃ rājūnaṃ vuddhi hoti. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘vuddhiyeva, ānanda, vajjīnaṃ pāṭikaṅkhā, no parihānī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sakkarontī</span>ti yaṃkiñci tesaṃ sakkāraṃ karontā sundarameva karonti. <span class="bld">Garuṃ karontī</span>ti garubhāvaṃ paccupaṭṭhapetvāva karonti. <span class="bld">Mānentī</span>ti manena piyāyanti. <span class="bld">Pūjentī</span>ti nipaccakāraṃ dassenti. <span class="bld">Sotabbaṃ maññantī</span>ti divasassa dve tayo vāre upaṭṭhānaṃ gantvā tesaṃ kathaṃ sotabbaṃ saddhātabbaṃ maññanti. Tattha ye evaṃ mahallakānaṃ rājūnaṃ sakkārādīni na karonti, ovādatthāya ca nesaṃ upaṭṭhānaṃ na gacchanti, te tehi vissaṭṭhā anovadiyamānā kīḷāpasutā rajjato parihāyanti. Ye pana tathā paṭipajjanti, tesaṃ mahallakarājāno – ‘‘idaṃ kātabbaṃ, idaṃ na kātabba’’nti <a name="P2.0520"></a> porāṇaṃ paveṇiṃ ācikkhanti. Saṅgāmaṃ patvāpi – ‘‘evaṃ pavisitabbaṃ, evaṃ nikkhamitabba’’nti upāyaṃ dassenti. Te tehi ovadiyamānā yathāovādaṃ paṭipajjantā sakkonti rājappaveṇiṃ sandhāretuṃ. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘vuddhiyeva, ānanda, vajjīnaṃ pāṭikaṅkhā, no parihānī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kulitthiyo</span>ti <a name="M2.0110"></a> kulagharaṇiyo. <span class="bld">Kulakumāriyo</span>ti anividdhā tāsaṃ dhītaro. <span class="bld">Okkassa pasayhā</span>ti ettha ‘‘okkassā’’ti vā ‘‘pasayhā’’ti vā pasayhākārassevetaṃ nāmaṃ. ‘‘Ukkassā’’tipi paṭhanti. Tattha <span class="bld">okkassā</span>ti avakassitvā ākaḍḍhitvā. <span class="bld">Pasayhā</span>ti abhibhavitvā ajjhottharitvāti ayaṃ vacanattho. Evañhi karontānaṃ vijite manussā – ‘‘amhākaṃ gehe puttamātaropi, kheḷasiṅghāṇikādīni mukhena apanetvā saṃvaḍḍhitadhītaropi ime rājāno balakkārena gahetvā attano ghare vāsentī’’ti kupitā paccantaṃ pavisitvā corā vā corasahāyā vā hutvā janapadaṃ paharanti. Evaṃ akarontānaṃ pana vijite manussā appossukkā sakāni kammāni karontā rājakosaṃ vaḍḍhenti. Evamettha vuddhihāniyo veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vajjīnaṃ vajjicetiyānī</span>ti vajjirājūnaṃ vajjiraṭṭhe cittīkataṭṭhena cetiyānīti laddhanāmāni yakkhaṭṭhānāni. <span class="bld">Abbhantarānī</span>ti antonagare ṭhitāni. Bāhirānīti bahinagare ṭhitāni<a name="V2.0099"></a>. <span class="bld">Dinnapubba</span>nti pubbe dinnaṃ. <span class="bld">Katapubba</span>nti pubbe kataṃ. <span class="bld">No parihāpessantī</span>ti aparihāpetvā yathāpavattameva karissanti dhammikaṃ baliṃ parihāpentānañhi devatā ārakkhaṃ susaṃvihitaṃ na karonti, anuppannaṃ dukkhaṃ janetuṃ asakkontāpi uppannaṃ kāsasīsarogādiṃ vaḍḍhenti, saṅgāme patte sahāyā na honti. Aparihāpentānaṃ pana ārakkhaṃ susaṃvihitaṃ karonti, anuppannaṃ sukhaṃ uppādetuṃ asakkontāpi uppannaṃ kāsasīsarogādiṃ hananti, saṅgāmasīse sahāyā hontīti evamettha vuddhihāniyo veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dhammikā rakkhāvaraṇaguttī</span>ti ettha rakkhā eva yathā anicchitaṃ na gacchati, evaṃ āvaraṇato āvaraṇaṃ. Yathā icchitaṃ na vinassati, evaṃ gopāyanato gutti. Tattha balakāyena parivāretvā rakkhaṇaṃ pabbajitānaṃ dhammikā rakkhāvaraṇagutti <a name="P2.0521"></a> nāma na hoti. Yathā pana vihārassa upavane rukkhe na chindanti, vājikā vajjhaṃ na karonti, pokkharaṇīsu macche na gaṇhanti, evaṃ karaṇaṃ dhammikā rakkhāvaraṇagutti nāma. <span class="bld">Kinti anāgatā cā</span>ti iminā pana nesaṃ evaṃ paccupaṭṭhitacittasantānoti cittappavattiṃ pucchati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="M2.0111"></a> ye anāgatānaṃ arahantānaṃ āgamanaṃ na icchanti, te assaddhā honti appasannā. Pabbajite ca sampatte paccuggamanaṃ na karonti, gantvā na passanti, paṭisanthāraṃ na karonti, pañhaṃ na pucchanti, dhammaṃ na suṇanti, dānaṃ na denti, anumodanaṃ na suṇanti, nivāsanaṭṭhānaṃ na saṃvidahanti. Atha nesaṃ avaṇṇo abbhuggacchati – ‘‘asuko nāma rājā assaddho appasanno, pabbajite sampatte paccuggamanaṃ na karoti…pe… nivāsanaṭṭhānaṃ na saṃvidahatī’’ti. Taṃ sutvā pabbajitā tassa nagaradvārena na gacchanti, gacchantāpi nagaraṃ na pavisanti. Evaṃ anāgatānaṃ arahantānaṃ anāgamanameva hoti. Āgatānampi phāsuvihāre asati yepi ajānitvā āgatā, te – ‘‘vasissāmāti tāva cintetvā āgatamhā, imesaṃ pana rājūnaṃ iminā nīhārena ko vasissatī’’ti nikkhamitvā gacchanti. Evaṃ anāgatesu anāgacchantesu, āgatesu dukkhaṃ viharantesu so deso pabbajitānaṃ anāvāso hoti. Tato devatārakkhā na hoti, devatārakkhāya asati amanussā okāsaṃ labhanti. Amanussā ussannā anuppannaṃ byādhiṃ uppādenti, sīlavantānaṃ dassanapañhāpucchanādivatthukassa puññassa anāgamo hoti. Vipariyāyena pana yathāvuttakaṇhapakkhaviparītassa sukkapakkhassa sambhavo hotīti evamettha vuddhihāniyo veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para135"></a><a name="para135_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">135</span>. <span class="bld">Ekamidāha</span>nti idaṃ bhagavā pubbe vajjīnaṃ imassa vajjisattakassa desitabhāvappakāsanatthamāha<a name="V2.0100"></a>. Tattha <span class="bld">sārandade cetiye</span>ti evaṃnāmake vihāre. Anuppanne kira buddhe tattha sārandadassa yakkhassa nivāsanaṭṭhānaṃ cetiyaṃ ahosi. Athettha bhagavato vihāraṃ kārāpesuṃ, so sārandade cetiye katattā sārandadacetiyantveva saṅkhyaṃ gato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Akaraṇīyā</span>ti akātabbā, aggahetabbāti attho. <span class="bld">Yadida</span>nti <a name="P2.0522"></a> nipātamattaṃ. <span class="bld">Yuddhassā</span>ti karaṇatthe sāmivacanaṃ, abhimukhayuddhena gahetuṃ na sakkāti attho. <span class="bld">Aññatra upalāpanāyā</span>ti ṭhapetvā upalāpanaṃ. Upalāpanā nāma – ‘‘alaṃ vivādena, idāni samaggā homā’’ti hatthiassarathahiraññasuvaṇṇādīni pesetvā saṅgahakaraṇaṃ. Evañhi saṅgahaṃ katvā kevalaṃ vissāsena sakkā gaṇhitunti attho. <span class="bld">Aññatra mithubhedāyā</span>ti ṭhapetvā mithubhedaṃ. Iminā aññamaññabhedaṃ katvāpi sakkā ete gahetunti <a name="M2.0112"></a> dasseti. Idaṃ brāhmaṇo bhagavato kathāya nayaṃ labhitvā āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kiṃ pana bhagavā brāhmaṇassa imāya kathāya nayalābhaṃ na jānātīti? Āma, jānāti. Jānanto kasmā kathesīti? Anukampāya. Evaṃ kirassa ahosi – ‘‘mayā akathitepi katipāhena gantvā sabbe gaṇhissati, kathite pana samagge bhindanto tīhi saṃvaccharehi gaṇhissati, ettakampi jīvitameva varaṃ, ettakañhi jīvantā attano patiṭṭhānabhūtaṃ puññaṃ karissantī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Abhinanditvā</span>ti cittena abhinanditvā. <span class="bld">Anumoditvā</span>ti ‘‘yāva subhāsitañcidaṃ bhotā gotamenā’’ti vācāya anumoditvā. <span class="bld">Pakkāmī</span>ti rañño santikaṃ gato. Tato naṃ rājā – ‘‘kiṃ ācariya, bhagavā avacā’’ti pucchi. So – ‘‘yathā bho samaṇassa gotamassa vacanaṃ na sakkā vajjī kenaci gahetuṃ, api ca upalāpanāya vā mithubhedena vā sakkā’’ti āha. Tato naṃ rājā – ‘‘upalāpanāya amhākaṃ hatthiassādayo nassissanti, bhedeneva te gahessāmi, kiṃ karomā’’ti pucchi. Tena hi, mahārāja, tumhe vajjiṃ ārabbha parisati kathaṃ samuṭṭhāpetha. Tato ahaṃ – ‘‘kiṃ te mahārāja tehi, attano santakehi kasivāṇijjādīni katvā jīvantu ete rājāno’’ti vatvā pakkamissāmi. Tato tumhe – ‘‘kinnu kho bho esa brāhmaṇo vajjiṃ ārabbha pavattaṃ kathaṃ paṭibāhatī’’ti vadeyyātha, divasabhāge cāhaṃ tesaṃ paṇṇākāraṃ pesessāmi, tampi gāhāpetvā tumhepi mama dosaṃ āropetvā bandhanatālanādīni akatvāva kevalaṃ khuramuṇḍaṃ maṃ katvā nagarā nīharāpetha. Athāhaṃ – ‘‘mayā te nagare pākāro parikhā ca kāritā, ahaṃ kira dubbalaṭṭhānañca uttānagambhīraṭṭhānañca jānāmi, na cirasseva dāni <a name="V2.0101"></a> ujuṃ karissāmī’’ti <a name="P2.0523"></a> vakkhāmi. Taṃ sutvā tumhe – ‘‘gacchatū’’ti vadeyyāthāti. Rājā sabbaṃ akāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Licchavī tassa nikkhamanaṃ sutvā – ‘‘saṭho brāhmaṇo, mā tassa gaṅgaṃ uttarituṃ adatthā’’ti āhaṃsu. Tatra ekaccehi – ‘‘amhe ārabbha kathitattā kira so evaṃ kato’’ti vutte ‘‘tena hi, bhaṇe, etū’’ti bhaṇiṃsu. So gantvā licchavī disvā ‘‘kiṃ āgatatthā’’ti pucchito taṃ pavattiṃ ārocesi, licchavino – ‘‘appamattakena nāma evaṃ garuṃ daṇḍaṃ kātuṃ na yutta’’nti <a name="M2.0113"></a> vatvā – ‘‘kiṃ te tatra ṭhānantara’’nti pucchiṃsu. ‘‘Vinicchayāmaccohamasmī’’ti. Tadeva te ṭhānantaraṃ hotūti. So suṭṭhutaraṃ vinicchayaṃ karoti, rājakumārā tassa santike sippaṃ uggaṇhanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">So patiṭṭhitaguṇo hutvā ekadivasaṃ ekaṃ licchaviṃ gahetvā ekamantaṃ gantvā – dārakā kasantīti pucchi. Āma, kasanti. Dve goṇe yojetvāti? Āma, dve goṇe yojetvāti. Ettakaṃ vatvā nivatto. Tato taṃ añño – ‘‘kiṃ ācariyo āhā’’ti pucchitvā tena vuttaṃ asaddahanto ‘‘na me esa yathābhūtaṃ kathetī’’ti tena saddhiṃ bhijji. Brāhmaṇo aññasmiṃ divase ekaṃ licchaviṃ ekamantaṃ netvā – ‘‘kena byañjanena bhuttosī’’ti pucchitvā nivatto. Tampi añño pucchitvā asaddahanto tatheva bhijji. Brāhmaṇo aparampi divasaṃ ekaṃ licchaviṃ ekamantaṃ netvā – ‘‘atiduggatosi kirā’’ti pucchi. Ko evamāhāti pucchito asuko nāma licchavīti. Aparampi ekamantaṃ netvā – ‘‘tvaṃ kira bhīrukajātiko’’ti pucchi. Ko evamāhāti? Asuko nāma licchavīti. Evaṃ aññena akathitameva aññassa kathento tīhi saṃvaccharehi te rājāno aññamaññaṃ bhinditvā yathā dve ekamaggena na gacchanti, tathā katvā sannipātabheriṃ carāpesi. Licchavino – ‘‘issarā sannipatantu, sūrā sannipatantū’’ti vatvā na sannipatiṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Brāhmaṇo – ‘‘ayaṃ dāni kālo, sīghaṃ āgacchatū’’ti rañño sāsanaṃ pesesi. Rājā sutvāva balabheriṃ carāpetvā nikkhami. Vesālikā sutvā – ‘‘rañño gaṅgaṃ uttarituṃ na dassāmā’’ti bheriṃ carāpesuṃ. Tampi sutvā – ‘‘gacchantu sūrarājāno’’tiādīni vatvā na <a name="P2.0524"></a> sannipatiṃsu. ‘‘Nagarappavesanaṃ na dassāma, dvārāni pidahitvā ṭhassāmā’’ti bheriṃ carāpesuṃ. Ekopi na sannipati. Yathāvivaṭeheva dvārehi pavisitvā sabbe anayabyasanaṃ pāpetvā gato.</p>
<p class="subhead">Bhikkhuaparihāniyadhammavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para136"></a><a name="para136_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">136</span>. <span class="bld">Atha</span> <a name="V2.0102"></a> <span class="bld">kho bhagavā acirapakkante</span>tiādimhi <span class="bld">sannipātetvā</span>ti dūravihāresu iddhimante pesetvā santikavihāresu sayaṃ gantvā – ‘‘sannipatatha, āyasmanto; bhagavā vo sannipātaṃ icchatī’’ti sannipātetvā. <span class="bld">Aparihāniye</span>ti <a name="M2.0114"></a> aparihānikare, vuddhihetubhūteti attho. <span class="bld">Dhamme desessāmī</span>ti candasahassaṃ sūriyasahassaṃ uṭṭhapento viya catukuṭṭake gehe anto teladīpasahassaṃ ujjālento viya pākaṭe katvā kathayissāmīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">abhiṇhaṃ sannipātā</span>ti idaṃ vajjisattake vuttasadisameva. Idhāpi ca abhiṇhaṃ asannipatitā disāsu āgatasāsanaṃ na suṇanti. Tato – ‘‘asukavihārasīmā ākulā, uposathapavāraṇā ṭhitā, asukasmiṃ ṭhāne bhikkhū vejjakammadūtakammādīni karonti, viññattibahulā pupphadānādīhi jīvikaṃ kappentī’’tiādīni na jānanti, pāpabhikkhūpi ‘‘pamatto bhikkhusaṅgho’’ti ñatvā rāsibhūtā sāsanaṃ osakkāpenti. Abhiṇhaṃ sannipatitā pana taṃ taṃ pavattiṃ suṇanti, tato bhikkhusaṅghaṃ pesetvā sīmaṃ ujuṃ karonti, uposathapavāraṇādayo pavattāpenti, micchājīvānaṃ ussannaṭṭhāne ariyavaṃsake pesetvā ariyavaṃsaṃ kathāpenti, pāpabhikkhūnaṃ vinayadharehi niggahaṃ kārāpenti, pāpabhikkhūpi ‘‘appamatto bhikkhusaṅgho, na sakkā amhehi vaggabandhena vicaritu’’nti bhijjitvā palāyanti. Evamettha hānivuddhiyo veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samaggā</span>tiādīsu cetiyapaṭijagganatthaṃ vā bodhigehauposathāgāracchādanatthaṃ vā katikavattaṃ vā ṭhapetukāmatāya ovādaṃ vā dātukāmatāya – ‘‘saṅgho sannipatatū’’ti bheriyā vā ghaṇṭiyā vā ākoṭitāya – ‘‘mayhaṃ cīvarakammaṃ atthi, mayhaṃ patto pacitabbo, mayhaṃ navakammaṃ atthī’’ti vikkhepaṃ karontā na samaggā sannipatanti nāma. Sabbaṃ pana taṃ kammaṃ ṭhapetvā – ‘‘ahaṃ purimataraṃ, ahaṃ purimatara’’nti ekappahāreneva sannipatantā samaggā sannipatanti nāma. Sannipatitā pana cintetvā mantetvā kattabbaṃ <a name="P2.0525"></a> katvā ekato avuṭṭhahantā samaggā na vuṭṭhahanti nāma. Evaṃ vuṭṭhitesu hi ye paṭhamaṃ gacchanti, tesaṃ evaṃ hoti – ‘‘amhehi bāhirakathāva sutā, idāni vinicchayakathā bhavissatī’’ti. Ekappahāreneva vuṭṭhahantā pana samaggā vuṭṭhahanti nāma. Apica ‘‘asukaṭṭhāne vihārasīmā ākulā, uposathapavāraṇā ṭhitā, asukaṭṭhāne vejjakammādikārakā pāpabhikkhū ussannā’’ti sutvā – ‘‘ko gantvā <a name="M2.0115"></a> tesaṃ niggahaṃ karissatī’’ti <a name="V2.0103"></a> vutte – ‘‘ahaṃ paṭhamaṃ, ahaṃ paṭhama’’nti vatvā gacchantāpi samaggā vuṭṭhahanti nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Āgantukaṃ pana disvā – ‘‘imaṃ pariveṇaṃ yāhi, etaṃ pariveṇaṃ yāhi, ayaṃ ko’’ti avatvā sabbe vattaṃ karontāpi, jiṇṇapattacīvarakaṃ disvā tassa bhikkhācāravattena pattacīvaraṃ pariyesamānāpi, gilānassa gilānabhesajjaṃ pariyesamānāpi, gilānameva anāthaṃ – ‘‘asukapariveṇaṃ yāhi, asukapariveṇaṃ yāhī’’ti avatvā attano attano pariveṇe paṭijaggantāpi, eko oliyamānako gantho hoti, paññavantaṃ bhikkhuṃ saṅgaṇhitvā tena taṃ ganthaṃ ukkhipāpentāpi samaggā saṅghaṃ karaṇīyāni karonti nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Apaññatta</span>ntiādīsu navaṃ adhammikaṃ katikavattaṃ vā sikkhāpadaṃ vā bandhantā apaññattaṃ paññapenti nāma, purāṇasanthatavatthusmiṃ sāvatthiyaṃ bhikkhū viya. Uddhammaṃ ubbinayaṃ sāsanaṃ dīpentā paññattaṃ samucchindanti nāma, vassasataparinibbute bhagavati vesālikā vajjiputtakā viya. Khuddānukhuddakā pana āpattiyo sañcicca vītikkamantā yathāpaññattesu sikkhāpadesu samādāya na vattanti nāma, assajipunabbasukā viya. Navaṃ pana katikavattaṃ vā sikkhāpadaṃ vā abandhantā, dhammavinayato sāsanaṃ dīpentā, khuddānukhuddakāni sikkhāpadāni asamūhanantā apaññattaṃ na paññapenti, paññattaṃ na samucchindanti, yathāpaññattesu sikkhāpadesu samādāya vattanti nāma, āyasmā upaseno viya, āyasmā yaso kākaṇḍakaputto viya ca.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Suṇātu, me āvuso saṅgho, santamhākaṃ sikkhāpadāni gihigatāni, gihinopi jānanti, ‘idaṃ vo samaṇānaṃ sakyaputtiyānaṃ kappati, idaṃ vo na kappatī’ti. Sace hi mayaṃ khuddānukhuddakāni sikkhāpadāni <a name="P2.0526"></a> samūhanissāma, bhavissanti vattāro – ‘dhūmakālikaṃ samaṇena gotamena sāvakānaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ paññattaṃ, yāvimesaṃ satthā aṭṭhāsi, tāvime sikkhāpadesu sikkhiṃsu. Yato imesaṃ satthā parinibbuto, na dānime sikkhāpadesu sikkhantī’ti. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho apaññattaṃ <a name="M2.0116"></a> na paññapeyya, paññattaṃ na samucchindeyya, yathāpaññattesu sikkhāpadesu samādāya vatteyyā’’ti (cuḷava. 442) –</p>
<p class="bodytext">Imaṃ tantiṃ ṭhapayanto āyasmā mahākassapo viya ca. <span class="bld">Vuddhiyevā</span>ti sīlādīhi guṇehi vuḍḍhiyeva, no parihāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Therā</span>ti <a name="V2.0104"></a> thirabhāvappattā therakārakehi guṇehi samannāgatā. Bahū rattiyo jānantīti <span class="bld">rattaññū.</span> Ciraṃ pabbajitānaṃ etesanti <span class="bld">cirapabbajitā.</span> Saṅghassa pituṭṭhāne ṭhitāti <span class="bld">saṅghapitaro. </span> Pituṭṭhāne ṭhitattā saṅghaṃ parinenti pubbaṅgamā hutvā tīsu sikkhāsu pavattentīti <span class="bld">saṅghapariṇāyakā.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext">Ye tesaṃ sakkārādīni na karonti, ovādatthāya dve tayo vāre upaṭṭhānaṃ na gacchanti, tepi tesaṃ ovādaṃ na denti, paveṇīkathaṃ na kathenti, sārabhūtaṃ dhammapariyāyaṃ na sikkhāpenti. Te tehi vissaṭṭhā sīlādīhi dhammakkhandhehi sattahi ca ariyadhanehīti evamādīhi guṇehi parihāyanti. Ye pana tesaṃ sakkārādīni karonti, upaṭṭhānaṃ gacchanti, tepi tesaṃ ovādaṃ denti. ‘‘Evaṃ te abhikkamitabbaṃ, evaṃ te paṭikkamitabbaṃ, evaṃ te ālokitabbaṃ, evaṃ te vilokitabbaṃ, evaṃ te samiñjitabbaṃ, evaṃ te pasāritabbaṃ, evaṃ te saṅghāṭipattacīvaraṃ dhāretabba’’nti paveṇīkathaṃ kathenti, sārabhūtaṃ dhammapariyāyaṃ sikkhāpenti, terasahi dhutaṅgehi dasahi kathāvatthūhi anusāsanti. Te tesaṃ ovāde ṭhatvā sīlādīhi guṇehi vaḍḍhamānā sāmaññatthaṃ anupāpuṇanti. Evamettha hānivuddhiyo veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Punabbhavadānaṃ punabbhavo, punabbhavo sīlamassāti ponobbhavikā, punabbhavadāyikāti attho, tasmā <span class="bld">ponobbhavikāya. Na vasaṃ gacchantī</span>ti ettha ye catunnaṃ paccayānaṃ kāraṇā upaṭṭhākānaṃ padānupadikā hutvā gāmato gāmaṃ vicaranti, te tassā taṇhāya vasaṃ gacchanti nāma, itare na gacchanti <a name="P2.0527"></a> nāma. Tattha hānivuddhiyo pākaṭāyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āraññakesū</span>ti pañcadhanusatikapacchimesu. <span class="bld">Sāpekkhā</span>ti sataṇhā sālayā. Gāmantasenāsanesu hi jhānaṃ appetvāpi tato vuṭṭhitamattova itthipurisadārikādisaddaṃ suṇāti, yenassa adhigatavisesopi hāyatiyeva. Araññe pana niddāyitvā paṭibuddhamatto sīhabyagghamorādīnaṃ saddaṃ <a name="M2.0117"></a> suṇāti, yena āraññakaṃ pītiṃ labhitvā tameva sammasanto aggaphale patiṭṭhāti. Iti bhagavā gāmantasenāsane jhānaṃ appetvā nisinnabhikkhuno araññe niddāyantameva pasaṃsati. Tasmā tameva atthavasaṃ paṭicca – ‘‘āraññakesu senāsanesu sāpekkhā bhavissantī’’ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paccattaññeva satiṃ upaṭṭhapessantī</span>ti attanāva attano abbhantare satiṃ upaṭṭhapessanti. <span class="bld">Pesalā</span>ti piyasīlā. Idhāpi sabrahmacārīnaṃ āgamanaṃ anicchantā nevāsikā assaddhā honti appasannā<a name="V2.0105"></a>. Sampattabhikkhūnaṃ paccuggamanapattacīvarappaṭiggahaṇaāsanapaññāpanatālavaṇṭaggahaṇādīni na karonti, atha nesaṃ avaṇṇo uggacchati – ‘‘asukavihāravāsino bhikkhū assaddhā appasannā vihāraṃ paviṭṭhānaṃ vattapaṭivattaṃ na karontī’’ti. Taṃ sutvā pabbajitā vihāradvārena gacchantāpi vihāraṃ na pavisanti. Evaṃ anāgatānaṃ anāgamanameva hoti. Āgatānaṃ pana phāsuvihāre asati yepi ajānitvā āgatā, te – ‘‘vasissāmāti tāva cintetvā āgatāmha, imesaṃ pana nevāsikānaṃ iminā nīhārena ko vasissatī’’ti nikkhamitvā gacchanti. Evaṃ so vihāro aññesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ anāvāsova hoti. Tato nevāsikā sīlavantānaṃ dassanaṃ alabhantā kaṅkhāvinodanaṃ vā ācārasikkhāpakaṃ vā madhuradhammassavanaṃ vā na labhanti, tesaṃ neva aggahitadhammaggahaṇaṃ, na gahitasajjhāyakaraṇaṃ hoti. Iti nesaṃ hāniyeva hoti, na vuddhi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ye pana sabrahmacārīnaṃ āgamanaṃ icchanti, te saddhā honti pasannā, āgatānaṃ sabrahmacārīnaṃ paccuggamanādīni katvā senāsanaṃ paññapetvā denti, te gahetvā bhikkhācāraṃ pavisanti, kaṅkhaṃ vinodenti, madhuradhammassavanaṃ labhanti. Atha nesaṃ kittisaddo uggacchati – ‘‘asukavihārabhikkhū evaṃ saddhā pasannā vattasampannā saṅgāhakā’’ti. Taṃ sutvā bhikkhū dūratopi enti, tesaṃ nevāsikā vattaṃ karonti<a name="P2.0528"></a>, samīpaṃ āgantvā vuḍḍhataraṃ āgantukaṃ vanditvā nisīdanti, navakatarassa santike āsanaṃ gahetvā nisīdanti. Nisīditvā – ‘‘imasmiṃ vihāre vasissatha gamissathā’’ti pucchanti. ‘Gamissāmī’ti vutte – ‘‘sappāyaṃ senāsanaṃ, sulabhā bhikkhā’’tiādīni vatvā gantuṃ na denti. Vinayadharo ce hoti, tassa santike vinayaṃ sajjhāyanti. Suttantādidharo ce, tassa santike taṃ taṃ dhammaṃ sajjhāyanti. Āgantukānaṃ therānaṃ ovāde ṭhatvā saha paṭisambhidāhi arahattaṃ pāpuṇanti. Āgantukā ‘‘ekaṃ <a name="M2.0118"></a> dve divasāni vasissāmāti āgatāmha, imesaṃ pana sukhasaṃvāsatāya dasadvādasavassāni vasissāmā’’ti vattāro honti. Evamettha hānivuddhiyo veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para137"></a><a name="para137_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">137</span>. Dutiyasattake kammaṃ ārāmo etesanti <span class="bld">kammārāmā</span>ti. Kamme ratāti <span class="bld">kammaratā. Kammārāmatamanuyuttā</span>ti yuttā payuttā anuyuttā. Tattha <span class="bld">kamma</span>nti itikātabbakammaṃ vuccati. Seyyathidaṃ – cīvaravicāraṇaṃ, cīvarakaraṇaṃ, upatthambhanaṃ, sūcigharaṃ, pattatthavikaṃ, asaṃbaddhakaṃ, kāyabandhanaṃ, dhamakaraṇaṃ, ādhārakaṃ, pādakathalikaṃ, sammajjanīādīnaṃ karaṇanti. Ekacco hi etāni karonto sakaladivasaṃ etāneva karoti. Taṃ sandhāyesa paṭikkhepo. Yo pana etesaṃ karaṇavelāyameva etāni karoti, uddesavelāyaṃ uddesaṃ gaṇhāti, sajjhāyavelāyaṃ sajjhāyati, cetiyaṅgaṇavattavelāyaṃ <a name="V2.0106"></a> cetiyaṅgaṇavattaṃ karoti, manasikāravelāyaṃ manasikāraṃ karoti, na so kammārāmo nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na bhassārāmā</span>ti ettha yo itthivaṇṇapurisavaṇṇādivasena ālāpasallāpaṃ karontoyeva divasañca rattiñca vītināmeti, evarūpe bhasse pariyantakārī na hoti, ayaṃ bhassārāmo nāma. Yo pana rattindivaṃ dhammaṃ katheti, pañhaṃ vissajjeti, ayaṃ appabhassova bhasse pariyantakārīyeva. Kasmā? ‘‘Sannipatitānaṃ vo, bhikkhave, dvayaṃ karaṇīyaṃ – dhammī vā kathā, ariyo vā tuṇhībhāvo’’ti (ma. ni. 1.273) vuttattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na niddārāmā</span>ti ettha yo gacchantopi nisinnopi nipannopi thinamiddhābhibhūto niddāyatiyeva, ayaṃ niddārāmo nāma. Yassa pana karajakāyagelaññena cittaṃ bhavaṅge otarati<a name="P2.0529"></a>, nāyaṃ niddārāmo. Tenevāha – ‘‘abhijānāmahaṃ aggivessana, gimhānaṃ pacchime māse pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātappaṭikkanto catugguṇaṃ saṅghāṭiṃ paññapetvā dakkhiṇena passena sato sampajāno niddaṃ okkamitā’’ti (ma. ni. 1.387).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na saṅgaṇikārāmā</span>ti ettha yo ekassa dutiyo dvinnaṃ tatiyo tiṇṇaṃ catutthoti evaṃ saṃsaṭṭhova viharati, ekako assādaṃ na labhati, ayaṃ saṅgaṇikārāmo. Yo pana catūsu iriyāpathesu ekako assādaṃ labhati, nāyaṃ saṅgaṇikārāmoti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na</span> <a name="M2.0119"></a> <span class="bld">pāpicchā</span>ti ettha asantasambhāvanāya icchāya samannāgatā dussīlā pāpicchā nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na pāpamittā</span>dīsu pāpā mittā etesanti <span class="bld">pāpamittā. </span> Catūsu iriyāpathesu saha ayanato pāpā sahāyā etesanti <span class="bld">pāpasahāyā.</span> Tanninnatappoṇatappabbhāratāya pāpesu sampavaṅkāti <span class="bld">pāpasampavaṅkā.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Oramattakenā</span>ti avaramattakena appamattakena. <span class="bld">Antarā</span>ti arahattaṃ apatvāva etthantare. <span class="bld">Vosāna</span>nti pariniṭṭhitabhāvaṃ – ‘‘alamettāvatā’’ti osakkanaṃ ṭhitakiccataṃ. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – ‘‘yāva sīlapārisuddhimattena vā vipassanāmattena vā jhānamattena vā sotāpannabhāvamattena vā sakadāgāmibhāvamattena vā anāgāmibhāvamattena vā vosānaṃ na āpajjissanti, tāva vuddhiyeva bhikkhūnaṃ pāṭikaṅkhā, no parihānī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para138"></a><a name="para138_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">138</span>. Tatiyasattake <a name="V2.0107"></a> <span class="bld">saddhā</span>ti saddhāsampannā. Tattha āgamanīyasaddhā, adhigamasaddhā, pasādasaddhā, okappanasaddhāti catubbidhā saddhā. Tattha <span class="bld">āgamanīyasaddhā</span> sabbaññubodhisattānaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Adhigamasaddhā</span> ariyapuggalānaṃ. Buddho dhammo saṅghoti vutte pana pasādo <span class="bld">pasādasaddhā.</span> Okappetvā pakappetvā pana saddahanaṃ <span class="bld">okappanasaddhā.</span> Sā duvidhāpi idhādhippetā. Tāya hi saddhāya samannāgato saddhāvimutto, vakkalittherasadiso hoti. Tassa hi cetiyaṅgaṇavattaṃ vā, bodhiyaṅgaṇavattaṃ vā katameva hoti. Upajjhāyavattaācariyavattādīni sabbavattāni pūreti. <span class="bld">Hirimanā</span>ti pāpajigucchanalakkhaṇāya hiriyā yuttacittā. <span class="bld">Ottappī</span>ti pāpato bhāyanalakkhaṇena ottappena samannāgatā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bahussutā</span>ti ettha pana pariyattibahussuto, paṭivedhabahussutoti <a name="P2.0530"></a> dve bahussutā. <span class="bld">Pariyattī</span>ti tīṇi piṭakāni. <span class="bld">Paṭivedho</span>ti saccappaṭivedho. Imasmiṃ pana ṭhāne pariyatti adhippetā. Sā yena bahu sutā, so bahussuto. So panesa nissayamuccanako, parisupaṭṭhāko, bhikkhunovādako, sabbatthakabahussutoti catubbidho hoti. Tattha tayo bahussutā samantapāsādikāya vinayaṭṭhakathāya ovādavagge vuttanayena gahetabbā. Sabbatthakabahussutā pana ānandattherasadisā honti. Te idha adhippetā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āraddhavīriyā</span>ti <a name="M2.0120"></a> yesaṃ kāyikañca cetasikañca vīriyaṃ āraddhaṃ hoti. Tattha ye kāyasaṅgaṇikaṃ vinodetvā catūsu iriyāpathesu aṭṭhaārabbhavatthuvasena ekakā honti, tesaṃ kāyikavīriyaṃ āraddhaṃ nāma hoti. Ye cittasaṅgāṇikaṃ vinodetvā aṭṭhasamāpattivasena ekakā honti, gamane uppannakilesassa ṭhānaṃ pāpuṇituṃ na denti, ṭhāne uppannakilesassa nisajjaṃ, nisajjāya uppannakilesassa sayanaṃ pāpuṇituṃ na denti, uppannuppannaṭṭhāneyeva kilese niggaṇhanti, tesaṃ cetasikavīriyaṃ āraddhaṃ nāma hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upaṭṭhitassatī</span>ti cirakatādīnaṃ saritā anussaritā mahāgatimbayaabhayattheradīghabhāṇaabhayattheratipiṭakacūḷābhayattherā viya. Mahāgatimbayaabhayatthero kira jātapañcamadivase maṅgalapāyāse tuṇḍaṃ pasārentaṃ vāyasaṃ disvā huṃ hunti saddamakāsi. Atha so therakāle – ‘‘kadā paṭṭhāya, bhante, sarathā’’ti bhikkhūhi pucchito ‘‘jātapañcamadivase katasaddato paṭṭhāya āvuso’’ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dīghabhāṇakaabhayattherassa jātanavamadivase mātā cumbissāmīti onatā tassā moḷi muccittha<a name="V2.0108"></a>. Tato tumbamattāni sumanapupphāni dārakassa ure patitvā dukkhaṃ janayiṃsu. So therakāle – ‘‘kadā paṭṭhāya, bhante, sarathā’’ti pucchito – ‘‘jātanavamadivasato paṭṭhāyā’’ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tipiṭakacūḷābhayatthero – ‘‘anurādhapure tīṇi dvārāni pidahāpetvā manussānaṃ ekena dvārena nikkhamanaṃ katvā – ‘tvaṃ kinnāmo, tvaṃ kinnāmo’ti pucchitvā sāyaṃ puna apucchitvāva tesaṃ nāmāni sampaṭicchāpetuṃ – ‘‘sakkā āvuso’’ti āha. Evarūpe bhikkhū sandhāya – ‘‘upaṭṭhitassatī’’ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paññavanto</span>ti pañcannaṃ khandhānaṃ udayabbayapariggāhikāya paññāya samannāgatā. Api ca dvīhipi etehi padehi vipassakānaṃ <a name="P2.0531"></a> bhikkhūnaṃ vipassanāsambhārabhūtā sammāsati ceva vipassanāpaññā ca kathitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para139"></a><a name="para139_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">139</span>. Catutthasattake satiyeva sambojjhaṅgo <span class="bld">satisambojjhaṅgo</span>ti. Esa nayo sabbattha. Tattha upaṭṭhānalakkhaṇo satisambojjhaṅgo, pavicayalakkhaṇo dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgo, paggahalakkhaṇo vīriyasambojjhaṅgo, pharaṇalakkhaṇo <a name="M2.0121"></a> pītisambojjhaṅgo, upasamalakkhaṇo passaddhisambojjhaṅgo, avikkhepalakkhaṇo samādhisambojjhaṅgo, paṭisaṅkhānalakkhaṇo upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo. <span class="bld">Bhāvessantī</span>ti satisambojjhaṅgaṃ catūhi kāraṇehi samuṭṭhāpentā, chahi kāraṇehi dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgaṃ samuṭṭhāpentā, navahi kāraṇehi vīriyasambojjhaṅgaṃ samuṭṭhāpentā, dasahi kāraṇehi pītisambojjhaṅgaṃ samuṭṭhāpentā, sattahi kāraṇehi passaddhisambojjhaṅgaṃ samuṭṭhāpentā, dasahi kāraṇehi samādhisambojjhaṅgaṃ samuṭṭhāpentā, pañcahi kāraṇehi upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṃ samuṭṭhāpentā vaḍḍhessantīti attho. Iminā vipassanāmaggaphalasampayutte lokiyalokuttaramissake sambojjhaṅge kathesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para140"></a><a name="para140_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">140</span>. Pañcamasattake <span class="bld">aniccasaññā</span>ti aniccānupassanāya saddhiṃ uppannasaññā. <span class="bld">Anattasaññā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo. Imā satta lokiyavipassanāpi honti. ‘‘Etaṃ santaṃ, etaṃ paṇītaṃ, yadidaṃ sabbasaṅkhārasamatho virāgo nirodho’’ti (a. ni. 9.36) āgatavasenettha dve lokuttarāpi hontīti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para141"></a><a name="para141_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">141</span>. Chakke <span class="bld">mettaṃ kāyakamma</span>nti mettacittena kattabbaṃ kāyakammaṃ. <span class="bld">Vacīkammamanokammesu</span>pi eseva nayo. Imāni pana bhikkhūnaṃ vasena āgatāni gihīsupi labbhanti<a name="V2.0109"></a>. Bhikkhūnañhi mettacittena ābhisamācārikadhammapūraṇaṃ mettaṃ kāyakammaṃ nāma. Gihīnaṃ cetiyavandanatthāya bodhivandanatthāya saṅghanimantanatthāya gamanaṃ, gāmaṃ piṇḍāya paviṭṭhaṃ bhikkhuṃ disvā paccuggamanaṃ, pattappaṭiggahaṇaṃ, āsanapaññāpanaṃ, anugamananti evamādikaṃ mettaṃ kāyakammaṃ nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bhikkhūnaṃ mettacittena ācārapaññattisikkhāpadapaññāpanaṃ, kammaṭṭhānakathanaṃ, dhammadesanā, tepiṭakampi buddhavacanaṃ mettaṃ vacīkammaṃ nāma. Gihīnaṃ cetiyavandanatthāya gacchāma<a name="P2.0532"></a>, bodhivandanatthāya gacchāma, dhammassavanaṃ karissāma, dīpamālapupphapūjaṃ karissāma, tīṇi sucaritāni samādāya vattissāma, salākabhattādīni dassāma, vassavāsikaṃ dassāma, ajja saṅghassa cattāro paccaye dassāma, saṅghaṃ nimantetvā khādanīyādīni saṃvidahatha, āsanāni paññāpetha, pānīyaṃ upaṭṭhapetha, saṅghaṃ paccuggantvā ānetha, paññattāsane <a name="M2.0122"></a> nisīdāpetha, chandajātā ussāhajātā veyyāvaccaṃ karothātiādikathanakāle mettaṃ vacīkammaṃ nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bhikkhūnaṃ pātova uṭṭhāya sarīrappaṭijagganaṃ, cetiyaṅgaṇavattādīni ca katvā vivittāsane nisīditvā imasmiṃ vihāre bhikkhū sukhī hontu averā abyāpajjāti cintanaṃ mettaṃ manokammaṃ nāma. Gihīnaṃ ‘ayyā sukhī hontu, averā abyāpajjā’ti cintanaṃ mettaṃ manokammaṃ nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āvi ceva raho cā</span>ti sammukhā ca parammukhā ca. Tattha navakānaṃ cīvarakammādīsu sahāyabhāvagamanaṃ sammukhā mettaṃ kāyakammaṃ nāma. Therānaṃ pana pādadhovanavandanabījanadānādibhedaṃ sabbaṃ sāmīcikammaṃ sammukhā mettaṃ kāyakammaṃ nāma. Ubhayehipi dunnikkhittānaṃ dārubhaṇḍādīnaṃ tesu avamaññaṃ akatvā attanā dunnikkhittānaṃ viya paṭisāmanaṃ parammukhā mettaṃ kāyakammaṃ nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Devatthero tissattheroti evaṃ paggayha vacanaṃ sammukhā mettaṃ vacīkammaṃ nāma. Vihāre asantaṃ pana paṭipucchantassa kuhiṃ amhākaṃ devatthero, kuhiṃ amhākaṃ tissatthero, kadā nu kho āgamissatīti evaṃ mamāyanavacanaṃ parammukhā mettaṃ vacīkammaṃ nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Mettāsinehasiniddhāni pana nayanāni ummīletvā pasannena mukhena olokanaṃ sammukhā mettaṃ <a name="V2.0110"></a> manokammaṃ nāma. Devatthero tissatthero arogo hotu, appābādhoti samannāharaṇaṃ parammukhā mettaṃ manokammaṃ nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Lābhā</span>ti cīvarādayo laddhapaccayā. <span class="bld">Dhammikā</span>ti kuhanādibhedaṃ micchājīvaṃ vajjetvā dhammena samena bhikkhācāravattena uppannā. <span class="bld">Antamaso pattapariyāpannamattampī</span>ti pacchimakoṭiyā patte pariyāpannaṃ pattassa antogataṃ dvitikaṭacchubhikkhāmattampi<a name="P2.0533"></a>. <span class="bld">Appaṭivibhattabhogī</span>ti ettha dve paṭivibhattā nāma – āmisappaṭivibhattañca, puggalappaṭivibhattañca. Tattha – ‘‘ettakaṃ dassāmi, ettakaṃ na dassāmī’’ti evaṃ cittena vibhajanaṃ <span class="bld">āmisappaṭivibhattaṃ</span> nāma. ‘‘Asukassa dassāmi, asukassa na dassāmī’’ti evaṃ cittena vibhajanaṃ pana <span class="bld">puggalappaṭivibhattaṃ</span> nāma. Tadubhayampi akatvā yo appaṭivibhattaṃ bhuñjati, ayaṃ <span class="bld">appaṭivibhattabhogī</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sīlavantehi</span> <a name="M2.0123"></a> <span class="bld">sabrahmacārīhi sādhāraṇabhogī</span>ti ettha sādhāraṇabhogino idaṃ lakkhaṇaṃ, yaṃ yaṃ paṇītaṃ labbhati, taṃ taṃ neva lābhena lābhaṃ nijigīsanatāmukhena gihīnaṃ deti, na attanā bhuñjati, paṭiggaṇhanto ca – ‘‘saṅghena sādhāraṇaṃ hotū’’ti gahetvā ghaṇṭiṃ paharitvā paribhuñjitabbaṃ saṅghasantakaṃ viya passati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Imaṃ pana sāraṇīyadhammaṃ ko pūreti, ko na pūretīti? Dussīlo tāva na pūreti. Na hi tassa santakaṃ sīlavantā gaṇhanti. Parisuddhasīlo pana vattaṃ akhaṇḍento pūreti. Tatridaṃ vattaṃ – yo hi odissakaṃ katvā mātu vā pitu vā ācariyupajjhāyādīnaṃ vā deti, so dātabbaṃ deti, sāraṇīyadhammo panassa na hoti, palibodhajagganaṃ nāma hoti. Sāraṇīyadhammo hi muttapalibodhasseva vaṭṭati. Tena pana odissakaṃ dentena gilānagilānupaṭṭhākaāgantukagamikānañceva navapabbajitassa ca saṅghāṭipattaggahaṇaṃ ajānantassa dātabbaṃ. Etesaṃ datvā avasesaṃ therāsanato paṭṭhāya thokaṃ adatvā yo yattakaṃ gaṇhāti, tassa tattakaṃ dātabbaṃ. Avasiṭṭhe asati puna piṇḍāya caritvā therāsanato paṭṭhāya yaṃ yaṃ paṇītaṃ, taṃ datvā sesaṃ paribhuñjitabbaṃ. ‘‘Sīlavantehī’’ti vacanato dussīlassa adātumpi vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ayaṃ pana sāraṇīyadhammo susikkhitāya parisāya supūro hoti, no asikkhitāya parisāya. Susikkhitāya hi parisāya yo aññato labhati, so na gaṇhāti. Aññato alabhantopi pamāṇayuttameva gaṇhāti, nātirekaṃ. Ayaṃ pana sāraṇīyadhammo evaṃ punappunaṃ piṇḍāya caritvā laddhaṃ laddhaṃ dentassāpi dvādasahi vassehi pūrati, na tato oraṃ. Sace hi dvādasame <a name="V2.0111"></a> vasse sāraṇīyadhammapūrako piṇḍapātapūraṃ pattaṃ āsanasālāyaṃ ṭhapetvā nahāyituṃ gacchati saṅghatthero ca kasseso pattoti, ‘‘sāraṇīyadhammapūrakassā’’ti <a name="P2.0534"></a> vutte ‘‘āharatha na’’nti sabbaṃ piṇḍapātaṃ vicāretvā bhuñjitvā ca rittaṃ pattaṃ ṭhapeti, atha so bhikkhu rittaṃ pattaṃ disvā ‘‘mayhaṃ anavasesetvāva paribhuñjiṃsū’’ti domanassaṃ uppādeti, sāraṇīyadhammo bhijjati, puna dvādasavassāni pūretabbo hoti. Titthiyaparivāsasadiso hesa, sakiṃ khaṇḍe jāte puna pūretabbova. Yo pana – ‘‘lābhā vata <a name="M2.0124"></a> me, suladdhaṃ vata me, yassa me pattagataṃ anāpucchāva sabrahmacārī paribhuñjantī’’ti somanassaṃ janeti, tassa puṇṇo nāma hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ pūritasāraṇīyadhammassa pana neva issā, na macchariyaṃ hoti. So manussānaṃ piyo hoti, sulabhapaccayo ca, pattagatamassa diyyamānampi na khīyati, bhājanīyabhaṇḍaṭṭhāne aggabhaṇḍaṃ labhati, bhaye vā chātake vā sampatte devatā ussukkaṃ āpajjanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatrimāni vatthūni – senagirivāsī tissatthero kira mahāgirigāmaṃ upanissāya viharati. Paññāsa mahātherā nāgadīpaṃ cetiyavandanatthāya gacchantā girigāme piṇḍāya caritvā kiñci aladdhā nikkhamiṃsu. Thero pana pavisanto te disvā pucchi – ‘‘laddhaṃ, bhante’’ti? Vicarimha āvusoti. So tesaṃ aladdhabhāvaṃ ñatvā āha – ‘‘bhante yāvāhaṃ āgacchāmi, tāva idheva hothā’’ti. Mayaṃ, āvuso, paññāsa janā pattatemanamattampi na labhimhāti. Bhante, nevāsikā nāma paṭibalā honti, alabhantāpi bhikkhācāramaggasabhāgaṃ jānantīti. Therā āgamesuṃ. Thero gāmaṃ pāvisi. Dhurageheyeva mahāupāsikā khīrabhattaṃ sajjetvā theraṃ olokayamānā ṭhitā. Atha therassa dvāraṃ sampattasseva pattaṃ pūretvā adāsi, so taṃ ādāya therānaṃ santikaṃ gantvā gaṇhatha, bhanteti, saṅghattheraṃ āha. Thero – ‘‘amhehi ettakehi kiñci na laddhaṃ, ayaṃ sīghameva gahetvā āgato, kiṃ nu kho’’ti sesānaṃ mukhaṃ olokesi. Thero olokanākāreneva ñatvā ‘‘bhante, dhammena samena laddhapiṇḍapāto, nikkukkuccā gaṇhathā’’tiādito paṭṭhāya sabbesaṃ yāvadatthaṃ datvā attanāpi yāvadatthaṃ bhuñji.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha naṃ bhattakiccāvasāne therā pucchiṃsu – ‘‘kadā, āvuso, lokuttaradhammaṃ paṭivijjhī’’ti? Natthi me, bhante, lokuttaradhammoti. Jhānalābhīsi, āvusoti? Etampi <a name="P2.0535"></a> me, bhante, natthīti. Nanu, āvuso, pāṭihāriyanti? Sāraṇīyadhammo me, bhante, pūrito, tassa me dhammassa pūritakālato paṭṭhāya sacepi bhikkhusatasahassaṃ hoti, pattagataṃ na khīyatīti. Te sutvā <a name="V2.0112"></a> – ‘‘sādhu sādhu sappurisa, anucchavikamidaṃ tuyha’’nti āhaṃsu. Idaṃ tāva – ‘‘pattagataṃ na khīyatī’’ti ettha vatthu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ayameva pana thero cetiyapabbate giribhaṇḍamahāpūjāya dānaṭṭhānaṃ gantvā imasmiṃ ṭhāne kiṃ varabhaṇḍanti pucchi. Dve sāṭakā, bhanteti. Ete mayhaṃ <a name="M2.0125"></a> pāpuṇissantīti. Taṃ sutvā amacco rañño ārocesi – ‘‘eko daharo evaṃ vadatī’’ti. Daharassa evaṃ cittaṃ, mahātherānaṃ pana sukhumasāṭakā vaṭṭantīti vatvā mahātherānaṃ dassāmīti ṭhapeti. Tassa bhikkhusaṅghe paṭipāṭiyā ṭhite dentassa matthake ṭhapitāpi te sāṭakā hatthaṃ nārohanti. Aññe ārohanti. Daharassa dānakāle pana hatthaṃ āruḷhā. So tassa hatthe pātetvā amaccassa mukhaṃ oloketvā daharaṃ nisīdāpetvā dānaṃ datvā saṅghaṃ vissajjetvā daharassa santike nisīditvā – ‘‘bhante, imaṃ dhammaṃ kadā paṭivijjhitthā’’ti āha. So pariyāyenāpi asantaṃ avadanto – ‘‘natthi mayhaṃ mahārāja lokuttaradhammo’’ti āha. Nanu, bhante, pubbe avacutthāti. Āma, mahārāja, sāraṇīyadhammapūrako ahaṃ, tassa me dhammassa pūritakālato paṭṭhāya bhājanīyabhaṇḍaṭṭhāne aggabhaṇḍaṃ pāpuṇātīti. ‘‘Sādhu sādhu, bhante, anucchavikamidaṃ tuyha’’nti vanditvā pakkāmi. Idaṃ – ‘‘bhājanīyabhaṇḍaṭṭhāne aggabhaṇḍaṃ pāpuṇātī’’ti ettha vatthu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Brāhmaṇatissabhaye pana bhātaragāmavāsino nāgattheriyā anārocetvāva palāyiṃsu. Therī paccūsasamaye – ‘‘ativiya appanigghoso gāmo, upadhāretha tāvā’’ti daharabhikkhuniyo āha. Tā gantvā sabbesaṃ gatabhāvaṃ ñatvā āgamma theriyā ārocesuṃ. Sā sutvā ‘‘mā tumhe tesaṃ gatabhāvaṃ cintayittha, attano uddesaparipucchāyonisomanasikāresuyeva yogaṃ karothā’’ti vatvā bhikkhācāravelāyaṃ pārupitvā attadvādasamā gāmadvāre nigrodhamūle aṭṭhāsi. Rukkhe adhivatthādevatā dvādasannampi bhikkhunīnaṃ piṇḍapātaṃ datvā ‘‘ayye, mā aññattha gacchatha, niccaṃ <a name="P2.0536"></a> idheva ethā’’ti āha. Theriyā pana kaniṭṭhabhātā nāgatthero nāma atthi, so – ‘‘mahantaṃ bhayaṃ, na sakkā idha yāpetuṃ, paratīraṃ gamissāmī’’ti attadvādasamova attano vasanaṭṭhānā nikkhanto theriṃ disvā gamissāmīti bhātaragāmaṃ āgato. Therī – ‘‘therā āgatā’’ti sutvā tesaṃ santikaṃ gantvā kiṃ ayyāti pucchi. So taṃ pavattiṃ ācikkhi. Sā – ‘‘ajja ekadivasaṃ vihāreyeva vasitvā sve gamissathā’’ti āha. Therā vihāraṃ agamaṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Therī <a name="M2.0126"></a> punadivase rukkhamūle piṇḍāya caritvā theraṃ upasaṅkamitvā ‘‘imaṃ piṇḍapātaṃ paribhuñjathā’’ti āha. Thero – ‘‘vaṭṭissati therī’’ti vatvā tuṇhī aṭṭhāsi. Dhammiko tāta piṇḍapāto<a name="V2.0113"></a>, kukkuccaṃ akatvā paribhuñjathāti. ‘‘Vaṭṭissati therī’’ti. Sā pattaṃ gahetvā ākāse khipi. Patto ākāse aṭṭhāsi. Thero – ‘‘sattatālamatte ṭhitampi bhikkhunibhattameva therī’’ti vatvā – ‘‘bhayaṃ nāma sabbakālaṃ na hoti, bhaye vūpasante ariyavaṃsaṃ kathayamāno, ‘bho piṇḍapātika, bhikkhunibhattaṃ bhuñjitvā vītināmayitthā’ti cittena anuvadiyamāno santhambhetuṃ na sakkhissāmi, appamattā hotha theriyo’’ti maggaṃ āruhi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Rukkhadevatāpi – ‘‘sace thero theriyā hatthato piṇḍapātaṃ paribhuñjissati, na naṃ nivattessāmi. Sace na paribhuñjissati, nivattessāmī’’ti cintayamānā ṭhatvā therassa gamanaṃ disvā rukkhā oruyha pattaṃ, bhante, dethāti pattaṃ gahetvā theraṃ rukkhamūlaṃyeva ānetvā āsanaṃ paññapetvā piṇḍapātaṃ datvā katabhattakiccaṃ paṭiññaṃ kāretvā dvādasa bhikkhuniyo dvādasa bhikkhū ca sattavassāni upaṭṭhahi. Idaṃ – ‘‘devatā ussukkaṃ āpajjantī’’ti ettha vatthu. Tatra hi therī sāraṇīyadhammapūrikā ahosi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Akhaṇḍānī</span>tiādīsu yassa sattasu āpattikkhandhesu ādimhi vā ante vā sikkhāpadaṃ bhinnaṃ hoti, tassa sīlaṃ pariyante chinnasāṭako viya <span class="bld">khaṇḍaṃ</span> nāma. Yassa pana vemajjhe bhinnaṃ, tassa majjhe chiddasāṭako viya <span class="bld">chiddaṃ</span> nāma hoti. Yassa pana paṭipāṭiyā dve tīṇi bhinnāni, tassa piṭṭhiyaṃ vā kucchiyaṃ vā uṭṭhitena visabhāgavaṇṇena kāḷarattādīnaṃ aññataravaṇṇā gāvī viya <span class="bld">sabalaṃ</span> nāma hoti. Yassa pana antarantarā visabhāgabinducitrā gāvī <a name="P2.0537"></a> viya <span class="bld">kammāsaṃ</span> nāma hoti. Yassa pana sabbenasabbaṃ abhinnāni, tassa tāni sīlāni <span class="bld">akhaṇḍāni acchiddāni asabalāni akammāsāni</span> nāma honti. Tāni panetāni taṇhādāsabyato mocetvā bhujissabhāvakaraṇato <span class="bld">bhujissāni.</span> Buddhādīhi viññūhi pasatthattā <span class="bld">viññupasatthāni,</span> taṇhādiṭṭhīhi aparāmaṭṭhattā – ‘‘idaṃ nāma tvaṃ āpannapubbo’’ti kenaci parāmaṭṭhuṃ asakkuṇeyyattā ca <span class="bld">aparāmaṭṭhāni,</span> upacārasamādhiṃ vā appanāsamādhiṃ vā saṃvattayantīti <span class="bld">samādhisaṃvattanikānī</span>ti vuccanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sīlasāmaññagatā</span> <a name="M2.0127"></a> <span class="bld">viharissantī</span>ti tesu tesu disābhāgesu viharantehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ samānabhāvūpagatasīlā viharissanti. Sotāpannādīnañhi sīlaṃ samuddantarepi devalokepi vasantānaṃ aññesaṃ sotāpannādīnaṃ sīlena samānameva hoti, natthi maggasīle nānattaṃ. Taṃ sandhāyetaṃ vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yāyaṃ</span> <a name="V2.0114"></a> <span class="bld">diṭṭhī</span>ti maggasampayuttā sammādiṭṭhi. <span class="bld">Ariyā</span>ti niddosā. Niyyātīti <span class="bld">niyyānikā. Takkarassā</span>ti yo tathākārī hoti. <span class="bld">Sabbadukkhakkhayāyā</span>ti sabbadukkhakkhayatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhisāmaññagatā</span>ti samānadiṭṭhibhāvaṃ upagatā hutvā viharissanti. <span class="bld">Vuddhiyevā</span>ti evaṃ viharantānaṃ vuddhiyeva bhikkhūnaṃ pāṭikaṅkhā, no parihānīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para142"></a><a name="para142_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">142</span>. <span class="bld">Etadeva bahula</span>nti āsannaparinibbānattā bhikkhu ovadanto punappunaṃ etaṃyeva dhammiṃ kathaṃ karoti. <span class="bld">Iti sīla</span>nti evaṃ sīlaṃ, ettakaṃ sīlaṃ. Ettha catupārisuddhisīlaṃ <span class="bld">sīlaṃ</span> cittekaggatā <span class="bld">samādhi,</span> vipassanāpaññā <span class="bld">paññā</span>ti veditabbā. <span class="bld">Sīlaparibhāvito</span>ti ādīsu yasmiṃ sīle ṭhatvāva maggasamādhiṃ phalasamādhiṃ nibbattenti. Eso tena sīlena paribhāvito mahapphalo hoti, mahānisaṃso. Yamhi samādhimhi ṭhatvā maggapaññaṃ phalapaññaṃ nibbattenti, sā tena samādhinā paribhāvitā mahapphalā hoti, mahānisaṃsā. Yāya paññāya ṭhatvā maggacittaṃ phalacittaṃ nibbattenti, taṃ tāya paribhāvitaṃ <span class="bld">sammadeva āsavehi vimuccati.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yathābhiranta</span>nti buddhānaṃ anabhiratiparitassitaṃ nāma natthi, yathāruci yathāajjhāsayanti pana vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Āyāmā</span>ti ehi yāma. ‘‘Ayāmā’’tipi pāṭho, gacchāmāti <a name="P2.0538"></a> attho. <span class="bld">Ānandā</span>ti bhagavā santikāvacarattā theraṃ ālapati. Thero pana – ‘‘gaṇhathāvuso pattacīvarāni, bhagavā asukaṭṭhānaṃ gantukāmo’’ti bhikkhūnaṃ āroceti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para144"></a><a name="para144_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">144</span>. <span class="bld">Ambalaṭṭhikāgamanaṃ</span> uttānameva. <span class="bld">Atha kho āyasmā sāriputto</span>tiādi (dī. ni. 3.141) <span class="bld">sampasādanīye</span> vitthāritaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Dussīlaādīnavavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para148"></a><a name="para148_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">148</span>. Pāṭaligamane <a name="M2.0128"></a> <span class="bld">āvasathāgāra</span>nti āgantukānaṃ āvasathagehaṃ. Pāṭaligāme kira niccakālaṃ dvinnaṃ rājūnaṃ sahāyakā āgantvā kulāni gehato nīharitvā māsampi aḍḍhamāsampi vasanti. Te manussā niccupaddutā – ‘‘etesaṃ āgatakāle vasanaṭṭhānaṃ bhavissatī’’ti nagaramajjhe mahatiṃ sālaṃ karitvā tassā ekasmiṃ padese bhaṇḍapaṭisāmanaṭṭhānaṃ, ekasmiṃ padese nivāsaṭṭhānaṃ akaṃsu. Te – ‘‘bhagavā āgato’’ti sutvāva – ‘‘amhehi gantvāpi bhagavā ānetabbo siyā, so sayameva amhākaṃ vasanaṭṭhānaṃ sampatto, ajja bhagavantaṃ āvasathe maṅgalaṃ vadāpessāmā’’ti etadatthameva upasaṅkamantā. Tasmā evamāhaṃsu. <span class="bld">Yena āvasathāgāra</span>nti te kira <a name="V2.0115"></a> – ‘‘buddhā nāma araññajjhāsayā araññārāmā antogāme vasituṃ iccheyyuṃ vā no vā’’ti bhagavato manaṃ ajānantā āvasathāgāraṃ appaṭijaggitvāva āgamaṃsu. Idāni bhagavato manaṃ ñatvā puretaraṃ gantvā paṭijaggissāmāti yenāvasathāgāraṃ, tenupasaṅkamiṃsu. <span class="bld">Sabbasanthari</span>nti yathā sabbaṃ santhataṃ hoti, evaṃ santhariṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para149"></a><a name="para149_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">149</span>. <span class="bld">Dussīlo</span>ti asīlo nissīlo. <span class="bld">Sīlavipanno</span>ti vipannasīlo bhinnasaṃvaro. <span class="bld">Pamādādhikaraṇa</span>nti pamādakāraṇā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idañca suttaṃ gahaṭṭhānaṃ vasena āgataṃ pabbajitānampi pana labbhateva. Gahaṭṭho hi yena yena sippaṭṭhānena jīvitaṃ kappeti – yadi kasiyā, yadi vaṇijjāya, pāṇātipātādivasena pamatto taṃ taṃ yathākālaṃ sampādetuṃ na sakkoti, athassa mūlampi vinassati. Māghātakāle pāṇātipātaṃ pana adinnādānādīni ca karonto daṇḍavasena mahatiṃ bhogajāniṃ nigacchati. Pabbajito dussīlo ca pamādakāraṇā sīlato buddhavacanato jhānato sattaariyadhanato ca jāniṃ nigacchati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Gahaṭṭhassa – ‘‘asuko nāma asukakule jāto dussīlo pāpadhammo <a name="P2.0539"></a> pariccattaidhalokaparaloko salākabhattamattampi na detī’’ti catuparisamajjhe pāpako kittisaddo abbhuggacchati. Pabbajitassa vā – ‘‘asuko nāma nāsakkhi sīlaṃ rakkhituṃ, na buddhavacanaṃ uggahetuṃ, vejjakammādīhi <a name="M2.0129"></a> jīvati, chahi agāravehi samannāgato’’ti evaṃ abbhuggacchati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Avisārado</span>ti gahaṭṭho tāva – ‘‘avassaṃ bahūnaṃ sannipātaṭṭhāne keci mama kammaṃ jānissanti, atha maṃ niggaṇhissantī’’ti vā, ‘‘rājakulassa vā dassantī’’ti sabhayo upasaṅkamati, maṅkubhūto pattakkhandho adhomukho aṅgulikena bhūmiṃ kasanto nisīdati, visārado hutvā kathetuṃ na sakkoti. Pabbajitopi – ‘‘bahū bhikkhū sannipatitā, avassaṃ koci mama kammaṃ jānissati, atha me uposathampi pavāraṇampi ṭhapetvā sāmaññato cāvetvā nikkaḍḍhissantī’’ti sabhayo upasaṅkamati, visārado hutvā kathetuṃ na sakkoti. Ekacco pana dussīlopi dappito viya vicarati, sopi ajjhāsayena maṅku hotiyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sammūḷho kālaṅkarotī</span>ti tassa hi maraṇamañce nipannassa dussīlakamme samādāya pavattitaṭṭhānaṃ āpāthamāgacchati, so ummīletvā idhalokaṃ passati, nimīletvā paralokaṃ passati<a name="V2.0116"></a>, tassa cattāro apāyā upaṭṭhahanti, sattisatena sīse pahariyamāno viya hoti. So – ‘‘vāretha, vārethā’’ti viravanto marati. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘sammūḷho kālaṃ karotī’’ti. Pañcamapadaṃ uttānameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para150"></a><a name="para150_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">150</span>. <span class="bld">Ānisaṃsakathā</span> vuttavipariyāyena veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para151"></a><a name="para151_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">151</span>. <span class="bld">Bahudeva rattiṃ dhammiyā kathāyā</span>ti aññāya pāḷimuttakāya dhammikathāya ceva āvasathānumodanāya ca ākāsagaṅgaṃ otārento viya yojanappamāṇaṃ mahāmadhuṃ pīḷetvā madhupānaṃ pāyento viya bahudeva rattiṃ sandassetvā sampahaṃsetvā uyyojesi. <span class="bld">Abhikkantā</span>ti atikkantā khīṇā khayavayaṃ upetā. <span class="bld">Suññāgāra</span>nti pāṭiyekkaṃ suññāgāraṃ nāma natthi, tattheva pana ekapasse sāṇipākārena parikkhipitvā – ‘‘idha satthā vissamissatī’’ti mañcakaṃ paññapesuṃ. Bhagavā – ‘‘catūhipi iriyāpathehi paribhuttaṃ etesaṃ mahapphalaṃ bhavissatī’’ti tattha sīhaseyyaṃ <a name="P2.0540"></a> kappesi. Taṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ – ‘‘suññāgāraṃ pāvisī’’ti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Pāṭaliputtanagaramāpanavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para152"></a><a name="para152_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">152</span>. <span class="bld">Sunidhavassakārā</span>ti <a name="M2.0130"></a> sunidho ca vassakāro ca dve brāhmaṇā. <span class="bld">Magadhamahāmattā</span>ti magadharañño mahāmattā mahāamaccā, magadharaṭṭhe vā mahāmattā mahatiyā issariyamattāya samannāgatāti <span class="bld">magadhamahāmattā. Pāṭaligāme nagara</span>nti pāṭaligāmaṃ nagaraṃ katvā māpenti. <span class="bld">Vajjīnaṃ paṭibāhāyā</span>ti vajjirājakulānaṃ āyamukhapacchindanatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Sahassevā</span>ti ekekavaggavasena sahassaṃ sahassaṃ hutvā. <span class="bld">Vatthūnī</span>ti gharavatthūni. <span class="bld">Cittāni namanti nivesanāni māpetu</span>nti raññañca rājamahāmattānañca nivesanāni māpetuṃ vatthuvijjāpāṭhakānaṃ cittāni namanti. Te kira attano sippānubhāvena heṭṭhā pathaviyaṃ tiṃsahatthamatte ṭhāne – ‘‘idha nāgaggāho, idha yakkhaggāho, idha bhūtaggāho, pāsāṇo vā khāṇuko vā atthī’’ti passanti. Te tadā sippaṃ jappitvā devatāhi saddhiṃ mantayamānā viya māpenti. Athavā nesaṃ sarīre devatā adhimuccitvā tattha tattha nivesanāni māpetuṃ cittaṃ nāmenti. Tā catūsu koṇesu khāṇuke koṭṭetvā vatthumhi gahitamatte paṭivigacchanti. Saddhānaṃ kulānaṃ saddhā devatā tathā karonti, assaddhānaṃ kulānaṃ assaddhā devatāva. Kiṃ kāraṇā? Saddhānañhi evaṃ hoti – ‘‘idha manussā nivesanaṃ māpetvā paṭhamaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ nisīdāpetvā maṅgalaṃ vaḍḍhāpessanti. Atha mayaṃ sīlavantānaṃ dassanaṃ, dhammakathaṃ, pañhāvissajjanaṃ<a name="V2.0117"></a>, anumodanañca sotuṃ labhissāma, manussā dānaṃ datvā amhākaṃ pattiṃ dassantī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tāvatiṃsehī</span>ti yathā hi ekasmiṃ kule ekaṃ paṇḍitamanussaṃ, ekasmiṃ vā vihāre ekaṃ bahussutabhikkhuṃ upādāya – ‘‘asukakule manussā paṇḍitā, asukavihāre bhikkhū bahussutā’’ti saddo abbhuggacchati, evameva sakkaṃ devarājānaṃ vissakammañca devaputtaṃ upādāya – ‘‘tāvatiṃsā paṇḍitā’’ti saddo abbhuggato. Tenāha – ‘‘tāvatiṃsehī’’ti. Tāvatiṃsehi saddhiṃ mantetvāpi viya māpentīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yāvatā ariyaṃ āyatana</span>nti yattakaṃ ariyakamanussānaṃ osaraṇaṭṭhānaṃ <a name="P2.0541"></a> nāma atthi. <span class="bld">Yāvatā vaṇippatho</span>ti yattakaṃ vāṇijānaṃ ābhatabhaṇḍassa <a name="M2.0131"></a> rāsivaseneva kayavikkayaṭṭhānaṃ nāma, vāṇijānaṃ vasanaṭṭhānaṃ vā atthi. <span class="bld">Idaṃ agganagara</span>nti tesaṃ ariyāyatanavaṇippathānaṃ idaṃ agganagaraṃ jeṭṭhakaṃ pāmokkhaṃ bhavissatīti. <span class="bld">Puṭabhedana</span>nti bhaṇḍapuṭabhedanaṭṭhānaṃ, bhaṇḍabhaṇḍikānaṃ mocanaṭṭhānanti vuttaṃ hoti. Sakalajambudīpe aladdhabhaṇḍampi hi idheva labhissanti, aññattha vikkayena agacchantampi ca idheva gamissati. Tasmā idheva puṭaṃ bhindissantīti attho. Catūsu hi dvāresu cattāri sabhāyaṃ ekanti evaṃ divase divase pañcasatasahassāni uṭṭhahissantīti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aggito vā</span>tiādīsu cakārattho vā-saddo. Agginā ca udakena ca mithubhedena ca nassissatīti attho. Ekakoṭṭhāso agginā nassissati, nibbāpetuṃ na sakkhissanti. Ekaṃ gaṅgā gahetvā gamissati. Eko – ‘‘iminā akathitaṃ amussa, amunā akathitaṃ imassā’’ti vadantānaṃ pisuṇavācānaṃ vasena bhinnānaṃ manussānaṃ aññamaññabhedeneva nassissatīti attho. Iti vatvā bhagavā paccūsakāle gaṅgāya tīraṃ gantvā katamukhadhovano bhikkhācāravelaṃ āgamayamāno nisīdi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para153"></a><a name="para153_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">153</span>. Sunidhavassakārāpi – ‘‘amhākaṃ rājā samaṇassa gotamassa upaṭṭhāko, so amhe pucchissati, ‘satthā kira pāṭaligāmaṃ agamāsi, tassa santikaṃ upasaṅkamittha, na upasaṅkamitthā’ti. Upasaṅkamimhāti ca vutte – ‘nimantayittha, na nimantayitthā’ti ca pucchissati. Na nimantayimhāti ca vutte amhākaṃ dosaṃ āropetvā niggaṇhissati. Idaṃ cāpi mayaṃ āgataṭṭhāne nagaraṃ māpema, samaṇassa kho pana gotamassa gatagataṭṭhāne kāḷakaṇṇisattā <a name="V2.0118"></a> paṭikkamanti, taṃ mayaṃ nagaramaṅgalaṃ vadāpessāmā’’ti cintetvā satthāraṃ upasaṅkamitvā nimantayiṃsu. Tasmā – ‘‘atha kho sunidhavassakārā’’tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pubbaṇhasamaya</span>nti pubbaṇhakāle. <span class="bld">Nivāsetvā</span>ti gāmappavesananīhārena nivāsanaṃ nivāsetvā kāyabandhanaṃ <a name="P2.0542"></a> bandhitvā. <span class="bld">Pattacīvaramādāyā</span>ti pattañca cīvarañca ādiyitvā kāyappaṭibaddhaṃ katvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sīlavantetthā</span>ti sīlavante ettha. <span class="bld">Saññate</span>ti kāyavācāmanehi saññate.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tāsaṃ</span> <a name="M2.0132"></a> <span class="bld">dakkhiṇamādiye</span>ti saṅghassa dinne cattāro paccaye tāsaṃ gharadevatānaṃ ādiseyya, pattiṃ dadeyya. <span class="bld">Pūjitā pūjayantī</span>ti – ‘‘ime manussā amhākaṃ ñātakāpi na honti, evampi no pattiṃ dentī’’ti ārakkhaṃ susaṃvihitaṃ karothāti suṭṭhu ārakkhaṃ karonti. <span class="bld">Mānitā mānayantī</span>ti kālānukālaṃ balikammakaraṇena mānitā ‘‘ete manussā amhākaṃ ñātakāpi na honti, catumāsachamāsantare no balikammaṃ karontī’’ti mānenti, mānentiyo uppannaṃ parissayaṃ haranti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tato na</span>nti tato naṃ paṇḍitajātikaṃ manussaṃ. <span class="bld">Orasa</span>nti ure ṭhapetvā saṃvaḍḍhitaṃ, yathā mātā orasaṃ puttaṃ anukampati, uppannaparissayaharaṇatthameva tassa vāyamati, evaṃ anukampantīti attho. <span class="bld">Bhadrāni passatī</span>ti sundarāni passati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para154"></a><a name="para154_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">154</span>. <span class="bld">Uḷumpa</span>nti pāragamanatthāya āṇiyo koṭṭetvā kataṃ. <span class="bld">Kulla</span>nti valliādīhi bandhitvā kataṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Ye taranti aṇṇava’’nti gāthāya <span class="bld">aṇṇava</span>nti sabbantimena paricchedena yojanamattaṃ gambhīrassa ca puthulassa ca udakaṭṭhānassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Sara</span>nti idha nadī adhippetā. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti, ye gambhīravitthataṃ taṇhāsaraṃ taranti, te ariyamaggasaṅkhātaṃ setuṃ katvāna. <span class="bld">Visajja pallalāni</span> anāmasitvā udakabharitāni ninnaṭṭhānāni. Ayaṃ pana idaṃ appamattakaṃ taritukāmopi kullañhi jano pabandhati. Buddhā ca buddhasāvakā ca vināyeva kullena tiṇṇā medhāvino janāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Paṭhamabhāṇavāravaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Ariyasaccakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para155"></a><a name="para155_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">155</span>. <span class="bld">Koṭigāmo</span>ti <a name="V2.0119"></a> mahāpanādassa pāsādakoṭiyaṃ katagāmo. <span class="bld">Ariyasaccāna</span>nti ariyabhāvakarānaṃ saccānaṃ. <span class="bld">Ananubodhā</span>ti abujjhanena ajānanena. <span class="bld">Appaṭivedhā</span>ti appaṭivijjhanena. <span class="bld">Sandhāvita</span>nti bhavato bhavaṃ gamanavasena <a name="P2.0543"></a> sandhāvitaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṃsarita</span>nti punappunaṃ gamanāgamanavasena saṃsaritaṃ. <span class="bld">Mamañceva</span> <a name="M2.0133"></a> <span class="bld">tumhākañcā</span>ti mayā ca tumhehi ca. Atha vā <span class="bld">sandhāvitaṃ saṃsarita</span>nti sandhāvanaṃ saṃsaraṇaṃ mamañceva tumhākañca ahosīti emamettha attho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Bhavanetti samūhatā</span>ti bhavato bhavaṃ nayanasamatthā taṇhārajju suṭṭhu hatā chinnā appavattikatā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Anāvattidhammasambodhiparāyaṇavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para156"></a><a name="para156_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">156</span>. <span class="bld">Nātikā</span>ti ekaṃ taḷākaṃ nissāya dvinnaṃ cūḷapitumahāpituputtānaṃ dve gāmā. <span class="bld">Nātike</span>ti ekasmiṃ ñātigāmake. <span class="bld">Giñjakāvasathe</span>ti iṭṭhakāmaye āvasathe.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para157"></a><a name="para157_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">157</span>. <span class="bld">Orambhāgiyāna</span>nti heṭṭhābhāgiyānaṃ, kāmabhaveyeva paṭisandhiggāhāpakānanti attho. Oranti laddhanāmehi vā tīhi maggehi pahātabbānītipi <span class="bld">orambhāgiyāni.</span> Tattha kāmacchando, byāpādoti imāni dve samāpattiyā vā avikkhambhitāni, maggena vā asamucchinnāni nibbattavasena uddhaṃ bhāgaṃ rūpabhavañca arūpabhavañca gantuṃ na denti. Sakkāyadiṭṭhiādīni tīṇi tattha nibbattampi ānetvā puna idheva nibbattāpentīti sabbānipi orambhāgiyāneva. <span class="bld">Anāvattidhammā</span>ti paṭisandhivasena anāgamanasabhāvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rāgadosamohānaṃ tanuttā</span>ti ettha kadāci karahaci uppattiyā ca, pariyuṭṭhānamandatāya cāti dvedhāpi tanubhāvo veditabbo. Sakadāgāmissa hi puthujjanānaṃ viya abhiṇhaṃ rāgādayo nuppajjanti, kadāci karahaci uppajjanti. Uppajjamānā ca puthujjanānaṃ viya bahalabahalā nuppajjanti, makkhikāpattaṃ viya tanukatanukā uppajjanti. Dīghabhāṇakatipiṭakamahāsīvatthero panāha – ‘‘yasmā sakadāgāmissa puttadhītaro honti, orodhā ca honti, tasmā bahalā kilesā. Idaṃ pana bhavatanukavasena kathita’’nti. Taṃ aṭṭhakathāyaṃ – ‘‘sotāpannassa sattabhave ṭhapetvā aṭṭhame bhave bhavatanukaṃ natthi. Sakadāgāmissa dve bhave ṭhapetvā pañcasu bhavesu bhavatanukaṃ natthi. Anāgāmissa rūpārūpabhave ṭhapetvā kāmabhave bhavatanukaṃ natthi. Khīṇāsavassa kismiñci bhave bhavatanukaṃ natthī’’ti vuttattā paṭikkhittaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Imaṃ</span> <a name="V2.0120"></a> <span class="bld">loka</span>nti imaṃ kāmāvacaralokaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Ayañcettha <a name="P2.0544"></a> adhippāyo, sace hi manussesu sakadāgāmiphalaṃ patto devesu nibbattitvā <a name="M2.0134"></a> arahattaṃ sacchikaroti, iccetaṃ kusalaṃ. Asakkonto pana avassaṃ manussalokaṃ āgantvā sacchikaroti. Devesu sakadāgāmiphalaṃ pattopi sace manussesu nibbattitvā arahattaṃ sacchikaroti, iccetaṃ kusalaṃ. Asakkonto pana avassaṃ devalokaṃ gantvā sacchikarotīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Avinipātadhammo</span>ti ettha vinipatanaṃ vinipāto, nāssa vinipāto dhammoti avinipātadhammo. Catūsu apāyesu avinipātadhammo catūsu apāyesu avinipātasabhāvoti attho. <span class="bld">Niyato</span>ti dhammaniyāmena niyato. <span class="bld">Sambodhiparāyaṇo</span>ti uparimaggattayasaṅkhātā sambodhi paraṃ ayanaṃ assa gati paṭisaraṇaṃ avassaṃ pattabbāti sambodhiparāyaṇo.</p>
<p class="subhead">Dhammādāsadhammapariyāyavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para158"></a><a name="para158_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">158</span>. <span class="bld">Vihesā</span>ti tesaṃ tesaṃ ñāṇagatiṃ ñāṇūpapattiṃ ñāṇābhisamparāyaṃ olokentassa kāyakilamathova esa, ānanda, tathāgatassāti dīpeti, cittavihesā pana buddhānaṃ natthi. <span class="bld">Dhammādāsa</span>nti dhammamayaṃ ādāsaṃ. <span class="bld">Yenā</span>ti yena dhammādāsena samannāgato. <span class="bld">Khīṇāpāyaduggativinipāto</span>ti idaṃ nirayādīnaṃyeva vevacanavasena vuttaṃ. Nirayādayo hi vaḍḍhisaṅkhātato ayato apetattā <span class="bld">apāyā.</span> Dukkhassa gati paṭisaraṇanti <span class="bld">duggati.</span> Ye dukkaṭakārino, te ettha vivasā nipatantīti <span class="bld">vinipātā.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aveccappasādenā</span>ti buddhaguṇānaṃ yathābhūtato ñātattā acalena accutena pasādena. Upari padadvayepi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Itipi so bhagavā</span>tiādīnaṃ pana vitthāro visuddhimagge vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ariyakantehī</span>ti ariyānaṃ kantehi piyehi manāpehi. Pañca sīlāni hi ariyasāvakānaṃ kantāni honti, bhavantarepi avijahitabbato. Tāni sandhāyetaṃ vuttaṃ. Sabbopi panettha saṃvaro labbhatiyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sotāpannohamasmī</span>ti idaṃ desanāsīsameva. Sakadāgāmiādayopi pana sakadāgāmīhamasmītiādinā nayena byākaronti yevāti. Sabbesampi hi sikkhāpadāvirodhena yuttaṭṭhāne byākaraṇaṃ anuññātameva hoti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Ambapālīgaṇikāvatthuvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para161"></a><a name="para161_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">161</span>. <span class="bld">Vesāliyaṃ</span> <a name="V2.0121"></a><a name="M2.0135"></a> <span class="bld">viharatī</span>ti ettha tena kho pana samayena vesālī iddhā ceva hoti phītācātiādinā khandhake vuttanayena <a name="P2.0545"></a> vesāliyā sampannabhāvo veditabbo. <span class="bld">Ambapālivane</span>ti ambapāliyā gaṇikāya uyyānabhūte ambavane. <span class="bld">Sato bhikkhave</span>ti bhagavā ambapālidassane satipaccupaṭṭhānatthaṃ visesato idha satipaṭṭhānadesanaṃ ārabhi. Tattha saratīti <span class="bld">sato.</span> Sampajānātīti <span class="bld">sampajāno.</span> Satiyā ca sampajaññena ca samannāgato hutvā vihareyyāti attho. <span class="bld">Kāye kāyānupassī</span>tiādīsu yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ mahāsatipaṭṭhāne vakkhāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nīlā</span>ti idaṃ sabbasaṅgāhakaṃ. <span class="bld">Nīlavaṇṇā</span>tiādi tasseva vibhāgadassanaṃ. Tattha na tesaṃ pakativaṇṇo nīlo, nīlavilepanavilittattā panetaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Nīlavatthā</span>ti paṭadukūlakoseyyādīnipi tesaṃ nīlāneva honti. <span class="bld">Nīlālaṅkārā</span>ti nīlamaṇīhi nīlapupphehi alaṅkatā, rathāpi tesaṃ nīlamaṇikhacitā nīlavatthaparikkhittā nīladdhajā nīlavammikehi nīlābharaṇehi nīlaassehi yuttā, patodalaṭṭhiyopi nīlā yevāti. Iminā nayena sabbapadesu attho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Parivaṭṭesī</span>ti pahari. <span class="bld">Kiṃ je ambapālī</span>ti jeti ālapanavacanaṃ, bhoti ambapāli, kiṃ kāraṇāti vuttaṃ hoti. ‘‘Kiñcā’’tipi pāṭho, ayamevettha attho. <span class="bld">Sāhāra</span>nti sajanapadaṃ. <span class="bld">Aṅguliṃ phoṭesu</span>nti aṅguliṃ cālesuṃ. <span class="bld">Ambakāyā</span>ti itthikāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yesa</span>nti karaṇatthe sāmivacanaṃ, yehi adiṭṭhāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Olokethā</span>ti passatha. <span class="bld">Avalokethā</span>ti punappunaṃ passatha. <span class="bld">Upasaṃharathā</span>ti upanetha. Imaṃ licchaviparisaṃ tumhākaṃ cittena tāvatiṃsasadisaṃ upasaṃharatha upanetha allīyāpetha. Yatheva tāvatiṃsā abhirūpā pāsādikā nīlādinānāvaṇṇā, evamime licchavirājānopīti tāvatiṃsehi samake katvā passathāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kasmā pana bhagavā anekasatehi suttehi cakkhādīnaṃ rūpādīsu nimittaggāhaṃ paṭisedhetvā idha mahantena ussāhena nimittaggāhe uyyojetīti? Hitakāmatāya. Tatra kira ekacce bhikkhū osannavīriyā, tesaṃ <a name="M2.0136"></a> sampattiyā palobhento – ‘‘appamādena samaṇadhammaṃ karontānaṃ evarūpā issariyasampatti sulabhā’’ti samaṇadhamme ussāhajananatthaṃ āha. Aniccalakkhaṇavibhāvanatthañcāpi <a name="P2.0546"></a> evamāha. Nacirasseva hi sabbepime ajātasattussa vasena vināsaṃ pāpuṇissanti. Atha nesaṃ rajjasirisampattiṃ disvā ṭhitabhikkhū – ‘‘tathārūpāyapi nāma <a name="V2.0122"></a> sirisampattiyā vināso paññāyissatī’’ti aniccalakkhaṇaṃ bhāvetvā saha paṭisambhidāhi arahattaṃ pāpuṇissantīti aniccalakkhaṇavibhāvanatthaṃ āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Adhivāsetū</span>ti ambapāliyā nimantitabhāvaṃ ñatvāpi kasmā nimantentīti? Asaddahanatāya ceva vattasīsena ca. Sā hi dhuttā itthī animantetvāpi nimantemīti vadeyyāti tesaṃ cittaṃ ahosi, dhammaṃ sutvā gamanakāle ca nimantetvā gamanaṃ nāma manussānaṃ vattameva.</p>
<p class="subhead">Veḷuvagāmavassūpagamanavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para163"></a><a name="para163_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">163</span>. <span class="bld">Veḷuvagāmako</span>ti vesāliyā samīpe veḷuvagāmo. <span class="bld">Yathāmitta</span>ntiādīsu mittā mittāva. <span class="bld">Sandiṭṭhā</span>ti tattha tattha saṅgamma diṭṭhamattā nātidaḷhamittā. <span class="bld">Sambhattā</span>ti suṭṭhu bhattā sinehavanto daḷhamittā. Yesaṃ yesaṃ yattha yattha evarūpā bhikkhū atthi, te te tattha tattha vassaṃ upethāti attho. Kasmā evamāha? Tesaṃ phāsuvihāratthāya. Tesañhi veḷuvagāmake senāsanaṃ nappahoti, bhikkhāpi mandā. Samantā vesāliyā pana bahūni senāsanāni, bhikkhāpi sulabhā, tasmā evamāha. Atha kasmā – ‘‘yathāsukhaṃ gacchathā’’ti na vissajjesi? Tesaṃ anukampāya. Evaṃ kirassa ahosi – ‘‘ahaṃ dasamāsamattaṃ ṭhatvā parinibbāyissāmi, sace ime dūraṃ gacchissanti, mama parinibbānakāle daṭṭhuṃ na sakkhissanti. Atha nesaṃ – ‘‘satthā parinibbāyanto amhākaṃ satimattampi na adāsi, sace jāneyyāma, evaṃ na dūre vaseyyāmā’’ti vippaṭisāro bhaveyya. Vesāliyā samantā pana vasantā māsassa aṭṭha vāre āgantvā dhammaṃ suṇissanti, sugatovādaṃ labhissantī’’ti na vissajjesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para164"></a><a name="para164_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">164</span>. <span class="bld">Kharo</span>ti pharuso. <span class="bld">Ābādho</span>ti visabhāgarogo. <span class="bld">Bāḷhā</span>ti balavatiyo. <span class="bld">Māraṇantikā</span>ti maraṇantaṃ maraṇasantikaṃ pāpanasamatthā. <span class="bld">Sato sampajāno adhivāsesī</span>ti satiṃ sūpaṭṭhitaṃ katvā ñāṇena paricchinditvā adhivāsesi. <span class="bld">Avihaññamāno</span>ti vedanānuvattanavasena aparāparaṃ <a name="M2.0137"></a> parivattanaṃ akaronto apīḷiyamāno adukkhiyamānova adhivāsesi<a name="P2.0547"></a>. <span class="bld">Anāmantetvā</span>ti ajānāpetvā. <span class="bld">Anapaloketvā</span>ti na apaloketvā ovādānusāsaniṃ adatvāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Vīriyenā</span>ti pubbabhāgavīriyena ceva phalasamāpattivīriyena ca. <span class="bld">Paṭipaṇāmetvā</span>ti vikkhambhetvā. <span class="bld">Jīvitasaṅkhāra</span>nti ettha jīvitampi jīvitasaṅkhāro. Yena jīvitaṃ saṅkhariyati chijjamānaṃ ghaṭetvā ṭhapiyati, so phalasamāpattidhammopi jīvitasaṅkhāro. So idha adhippeto. <span class="bld">Adhiṭṭhāyā</span>ti <a name="V2.0123"></a> adhiṭṭhahitvā pavattetvā, jīvitaṭṭhapanasamatthaṃ phalasamāpattiṃ samāpajjeyyanti ayamettha saṅkhepattho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kiṃ pana bhagavā ito pubbe phalasamāpattiṃ na samāpajjatīti? Samāpajjati. Sā pana khaṇikasamāpatti. Khaṇikasamāpatti ca antosamāpattiyaṃyeva vedanaṃ vikkhambheti, samāpattito vuṭṭhitamattassa kaṭṭhapātena vā kaṭhalapātena vā chinnasevālo viya udakaṃ puna sarīraṃ vedanā ajjhottharati. Yā pana rūpasattakaṃ arūpasattakañca niggumbaṃ nijjaṭaṃ katvā mahāvipassanāvasena samāpannā samāpatti, sā suṭṭhu vikkhambheti. Yathā nāma purisena pokkharaṇiṃ ogāhetvā hatthehi ca pādehi ca suṭṭhu apabyūḷho sevālo cirena udakaṃ ottharati; evameva tato vuṭṭhitassa cirena vedanā uppajjati. Iti bhagavā taṃ divasaṃ mahābodhipallaṅke abhinavavipassanaṃ paṭṭhapento viya rūpasattakaṃ arūpasattakaṃ niggumbaṃ nijjaṭaṃ katvā cuddasahākārehi sannetvā mahāvipassanāya vedanaṃ vikkhambhetvā – ‘‘dasamāse mā uppajjitthā’’ti samāpattiṃ samāpajji. Samāpattivikkhambhitā vedanā dasamāse na uppajji yeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gilānā vuṭṭhito</span>ti gilāno hutvā puna vuṭṭhito. <span class="bld">Madhurakajāto viyā</span>ti sañjātagarubhāvo sañjātathaddhabhāvo sūle uttāsitapuriso viya. <span class="bld">Na pakkhāyantī</span>ti nappakāsanti, nānākārato na upaṭṭhahanti. <span class="bld">Dhammāpi maṃ na paṭibhantī</span>ti satipaṭṭhānādidhammā mayhaṃ pākaṭā na hontīti dīpeti. Tantidhammā pana therassa supaguṇā. <span class="bld">Na udāharatī</span>ti pacchimaṃ ovādaṃ na deti. Taṃ sandhāya vadati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para165"></a><a name="para165_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">165</span>. <span class="bld">Anantaraṃ</span> <a name="M2.0138"></a> <span class="bld">abāhira</span>nti dhammavasena vā puggalavasena vā ubhayaṃ akatvā. ‘‘Ettakaṃ dhammaṃ parassa na desessāmī’’ti <a name="P2.0548"></a> hi cintento dhammaṃ abbhantaraṃ karoti nāma. ‘‘Ettakaṃ parassa desessāmī’’ti cintento dhammaṃ bāhiraṃ karoti nāma. ‘‘Imassa puggalassa desessāmī’’ti cintento pana puggalaṃ abbhantaraṃ karoti nāma. ‘‘Imassa na desessāmī’’ti cintento puggalaṃ bāhiraṃ karoti nāma. Evaṃ akatvā desitoti attho. <span class="bld">Ācariyamuṭṭhī</span>ti yathā bāhirakānaṃ ācariyamuṭṭhi nāma hoti. Daharakāle kassaci akathetvā pacchimakāle maraṇamañce nipannā piyamanāpassa antevāsikassa kathenti, evaṃ tathāgatassa – ‘‘idaṃ mahallakakāle pacchimaṭṭhāne kathessāmī’’ti muṭṭhiṃ katvā ‘‘pariharissāmī’’ti ṭhapitaṃ kiñci natthīti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ahaṃ</span> <a name="V2.0124"></a> <span class="bld">bhikkhusaṅgha</span>nti ahameva bhikkhusaṅghaṃ pariharissāmīti vā <span class="bld">mamuddesiko</span>ti ahaṃ uddisitabbaṭṭhena uddeso assāti mamuddesiko. Maṃyeva uddisitvā mama paccāsīsamāno bhikkhusaṅgho hotu, mama accayena vā mā ahesuṃ, yaṃ vā taṃ vā hotūti iti vā yassa assāti attho. <span class="bld">Na evaṃ hotī</span>ti bodhipallaṅkeyeva issāmacchariyānaṃ vihatattā evaṃ na hoti. <span class="bld">Sa ki</span>nti so kiṃ. <span class="bld">Āsītiko</span>ti asītisaṃvacchariko. Idaṃ pacchimavayaanuppattabhāvadīpanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Veṭhamissakenā</span>ti bāhabandhacakkabandhādinā paṭisaṅkharaṇena veṭhamissakena. <span class="bld">Maññe</span>ti jiṇṇasakaṭaṃ viya veṭhamissakena maññe yāpeti. Arahattaphalaveṭhanena catuiriyāpathakappanaṃ tathāgatassa hotīti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni tamatthaṃ pakāsento <span class="bld">yasmiṃ, ānanda, samaye</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">sabbanimittāna</span>nti rūpanimittādīnaṃ. <span class="bld">Ekaccānaṃ vedanāna</span>nti lokiyānaṃ vedanānaṃ. <span class="bld">Tasmātihānandā</span>ti yasmā iminā phalasamāpattivihārena phāsu hoti, tasmā tumhepi tadatthāya evaṃ viharathāti dasseti. <span class="bld">Attadīpā</span>ti mahāsamuddagatadīpaṃ viya attānaṃ dīpaṃ patiṭṭhaṃ katvā viharatha. <span class="bld">Attasaraṇā</span>ti attagatikāva hotha, mā aññagatikā. <span class="bld">Dhammadīpadhammasaraṇa</span>padesupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Tamatagge</span>ti tamaagge. Majjhe takāro padasandhivasena vutto. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – ‘‘ime aggatamāti tamataggā’’ti. Evaṃ sabbaṃ tamayogaṃ chinditvā ativiya agge uttamabhāve ete<a name="M2.0139"></a>, ānanda<a name="P2.0549"></a>, mama bhikkhū bhavissanti. Tesaṃ atiagge bhavissanti, ye keci sikkhākāmā, sabbepi te catusatipaṭṭhānagocarāva bhikkhū agge bhavissantīti arahattanikūṭena desanaṃ saṅgaṇhāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Dutiyabhāṇavāravaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Nimittobhāsakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para166"></a><a name="para166_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">166</span>. <span class="bld">Vesāliṃ piṇḍāya pāvisī</span>ti kadā pāvisi? Ukkacelato nikkhamitvā vesāliṃ gatakāle. Bhagavā kira vuṭṭhavasso veḷuvagāmakā nikkhamitvā sāvatthiṃ gamissāmīti āgatamaggeneva paṭinivattanto anupubbena sāvatthiṃ patvā jetavanaṃ pāvisi. Dhammasenāpati bhagavato vattaṃ dassetvā divāṭṭhānaṃ gato. So tattha antevāsikesu vattaṃ dassetvā paṭikkantesu divāṭṭhānaṃ sammajjitvā cammakkhaṇḍaṃ paññapetvā pāde pakkhāletvā pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā phalasamāpattiṃ <a name="V2.0125"></a> pāvisi. Athassa yathāparicchedena tato vuṭṭhitassa ayaṃ parivitakko udapādi – ‘‘buddhā nu kho paṭhamaṃ parinibbāyanti, agasāvakā nu kho’’ti? Tato – ‘‘aggasāvakā paṭhama’’nti ñatvā attano āyusaṅkhāraṃ olokesi. So – ‘‘sattāhameva me āyusaṅkhāro pavattatī’’ti ñatvā – ‘‘kattha parinibbāyissāmī’’ti cintesi. Tato – <span class="bld">‘‘rāhulo</span> tāvatiṃsesu parinibbuto, <span class="bld">aññāsikoṇḍaññatthero</span> chaddantadahe, ahaṃ kattha parinibbāyissāmī’’ti puna cintento mātaraṃ ārabbha satiṃ uppādesi – ‘‘mayhaṃ mātā sattannaṃ arahantānaṃ mātā hutvāpi buddhadhammasaṅghesu appasannā, atthi nu kho tassā upanissayo, natthi nu kho’’ti āvajjetvā sotāpattimaggassa upanissayaṃ disvā – ‘‘kassa desanāya abhisamayo bhavissatī’’ti olokento – ‘‘mameva dhammadesanāya bhavissati, na aññassa. Sace kho panāhaṃ appossukko bhaveyyaṃ, bhavissanti me vattāro – ‘sāriputtatthero avasesajanānampi avassayo hoti. Tathā hissa samacittasuttadesanādivase (a. ni. 1.37) koṭisatasahassadevatā arahattaṃ pattā<a name="M2.0140"></a>. Tayo magge paṭividdhadevatānaṃ gaṇanā natthi. Aññesu ca ṭhānesu anekā abhisamayā <a name="P2.0550"></a> dissanti. Thereva cittaṃ pasādetvā sagge nibbattāneva asītikulasahassāni. So dāni sakamātumicchādassanamattampi harituṃ nāsakkhī’ti. Tasmā mātaraṃ micchādassanā mocetvā jātovarakeyeva parinibbāyissāmī’’ti sanniṭṭhānaṃ katvā – ‘‘ajjeva bhagavantaṃ anujānāpetvā nikkhamissāmī’’ti cundattheraṃ āmantesi. ‘‘Āvuso, cunda, amhākaṃ pañcasatāya bhikkhuparisāya saññaṃ dehi – ‘gaṇhathāvuso pattacīvarāni, dhammasenāpati nāḷakagāmaṃ gantukāmo’ti’’. Thero tathā akāsi. Bhikkhū senāsanaṃ saṃsāmetvā pattacīvaramādāya therassa santikaṃ āgamaṃsu. Thero senāsanaṃ saṃsāmetvā divāṭṭhānaṃ sammajjitvā divāṭṭhānadvāre ṭhatvā divāṭṭhānaṃ olokento – ‘‘idaṃ dāni pacchimadassanaṃ, puna āgamanaṃ natthī’’ti pañcasatabhikkhuparivuto bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamitvā vanditvā etadavoca –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Chinno dāni bhavissāmi, lokanātha mahāmuni;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Gamanāgamanaṃ natthi, pacchimā vandanā ayaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Jīvitaṃ appakaṃ mayhaṃ, ito sattāhamaccaye;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Nikkhipeyyāmahaṃ dehaṃ, bhāravoropanaṃ yathā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Anujānātu me bhante, bhagavā, anujānātu sugato;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Parinibbānakālo me, ossaṭṭho āyusaṅkhāro’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Buddhā <a name="V2.0126"></a> pana yasmā ‘‘parinibbāhī’’ti vutte maraṇasaṃvaṇṇanaṃ saṃvaṇṇenti nāma, ‘‘mā parinibbāhī’’ti vutte vaṭṭassa guṇaṃ kathentīti micchādiṭṭhikā dosaṃ āropessanti, tasmā tadubhayampi na vadanti. Tena naṃ bhagavā āha – ‘‘kattha parinibbāyissasi sāriputtā’’ti? ‘‘Atthi, bhante, magadhesu nāḷakagāme jātovarako, tatthāhaṃ parinibbāyissāmī’’ti vutte ‘‘yassa dāni tvaṃ, sāriputta, kālaṃ maññasi, idāni pana te jeṭṭhakaniṭṭhabhātikānaṃ tādisassa bhikkhuno dassanaṃ dullabhaṃ bhavissatīti desehi tesaṃ dhamma’’nti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Thero – ‘‘satthā mayhaṃ iddhivikubbanapubbaṅgamaṃ dhammadesanaṃ paccāsīsatī’’ti ñatvā bhagavantaṃ vanditvā tālappamāṇaṃ abbhuggantvā puna oruyha bhagavantaṃ vanditvā <a name="P2.0551"></a> sattatālappamāṇe <a name="M2.0141"></a> antalikkhe ṭhito iddhivikubbanaṃ dassetvā dhammaṃ desesi. Sakalanagaraṃ sannipati. Thero oruyha bhagavantaṃ vanditvā ‘‘gamanakālo me, bhante’’ti āha. Bhagavā ‘‘dhammasenāpatiṃ paṭipādessāmī’’ti dhammāsanā uṭṭhāya gandhakuṭiabhimukho gantvā maṇiphalake aṭṭhāsi. Thero tikkhattuṃ padakkhiṇaṃ katvā catūsu ṭhānesu vanditvā – ‘‘bhagavā ito kappasatasahassādhikassa asaṅkhyeyyassa upari anomadassisammāsambuddhassa pādamūle nipatitvā tumhākaṃ dassanaṃ patthesiṃ. Sā me patthanā samiddhā, diṭṭhā tumhe, taṃ paṭhamadassanaṃ, idaṃ pacchimadassanaṃ. Puna tumhākaṃ dassanaṃ natthī’’ti – vatvā dasanakhasamodhānasamujjalaṃ añjaliṃ paggayha yāva dassanavisayo, tāva abhimukhova paṭikkamitvā ‘‘ito paṭṭhāya cutipaṭisandhivasena kismiñci ṭhāne gamanāgamanaṃ nāma natthī’’ti vanditvā pakkāmi. Udakapariyantaṃ katvā mahābhūmicālo ahosi. Bhagavā parivāretvā ṭhite bhikkhū āha – ‘‘anugacchatha, bhikkhave, tumhākaṃ jeṭṭhabhātika’’nti. Bhikkhū yāva dvārakoṭṭhakā agamaṃsu. Thero – ‘‘tiṭṭhatha, tumhe āvuso, appamattā hothā’’ti nivattāpetvā attano parisāyeva saddhiṃ pakkāmi. Manussā – ‘‘pubbe ayyo paccāgamanacārikaṃ carati, idaṃ dāni gamanaṃ na puna paccāgamanāyā’’ti paridevantā anubandhiṃsu. Tepi ‘‘appamattā hotha āvuso, evaṃbhāvino nāma saṅkhārā’’ti nivattāpesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha kho āyasmā sāriputto antarāmagge sattāhaṃ manussānaṃ anuggahaṃ karonto sāyaṃ nāḷakagāmaṃ patvā gāmadvāre nigrodharukkhamūle aṭṭhāsi. Atha uparevato nāma therassa bhāgineyyo bahigāmaṃ gacchanto theraṃ disvā upasaṅkamitvā vanditvā aṭṭhāsi. Thero taṃ āha – ‘‘atthi gehe te ayyikā’’ti? Āma, bhanteti. Gaccha amhākaṃ idhāgatabhāvaṃ ārocehi. ‘‘Kasmā āgato’’ti ca vutte ‘‘ajja kira ekadivasaṃ antogāme bhavissati, jātovarakaṃ paṭijaggatha, pañcannaṃ bhikkhusatānaṃ nivāsanaṭṭhānaṃ jānāthā’’ti. So gantvā ‘‘ayyike, mayhaṃ mātulo <a name="V2.0127"></a> āgato’’ti āha. Idāni kuhinti? Gāmadvāreti. Ekakova, aññopi koci atthīti<a name="P2.0552"></a>? Atthi pañcasatā bhikkhūti. Kiṃ kāraṇā āgatoti? So taṃ pavattiṃ ārocesi. Brāhmaṇī – ‘‘kiṃ nu kho ettakānaṃ vasanaṭṭhānaṃ paṭijaggāpeti<a name="M2.0142"></a>, daharakāle pabbajitvā mahallakakāle gihī hotukāmo’’ti cintentī jātovarakaṃ paṭijaggāpetvā pañcasatānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ vasanaṭṭhānaṃ kāretvā daṇḍadīpikāyo jāletvā therassa pāhesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Thero bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ pāsādaṃ abhiruhi. Abhiruhitvā ca jātovarakaṃ pavisitvā nisīdi. Nisajjeva – ‘‘tumhākaṃ vasanaṭṭhānaṃ gacchathā’’ti bhikkhū uyyojesi. Tesu gatamattesuyeva therassa kharo ābādho uppajji, lohitapakkhandikā māraṇantikā vedanā vattanti, ekaṃ bhājanaṃ pavisati, ekaṃ nikkhamati. Brāhmaṇī – ‘‘mama puttassa pavatti mayhaṃ na ruccatī’’ti attano vasanagabbhadvāraṃ nissāya aṭṭhāsi. Cattāro mahārājāno ‘‘dhammasenāpati kuhiṃ viharatī’’ti olokentā ‘‘nāḷakagāme jātovarake parinibbānamañce nipanno, pacchimadassanaṃ gamissāmā’’ti āgamma vanditvā aṭṭhaṃsu. Thero – ke tumheti? Mahārājāno, bhanteti. Kasmā āgatatthāti? Gilānupaṭṭhākā bhavissāmāti. Hotu, atthi gilānupaṭṭhāko, gacchatha tumheti uyyojesi. Tesaṃ gatāvasāne teneva nayena sakko devānamindo, tasmiṃ gate suyāmādayo mahābrahmā ca āgamiṃsu. Tepi tatheva thero uyyojesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Brāhmaṇī devatānaṃ āgamanañca gamanañca disvā – ‘‘ke nu kho ete mama puttaṃ vanditvā gacchantī’’ti therassa gabbhadvāraṃ gantvā – ‘‘tāta, cunda, kā pavattī’’ti pucchi. So taṃ pavattiṃ ācikkhitvā – ‘‘mahāupāsikā, bhante āgatā’’ti āha. Thero kasmā avelāya āgatatthāti pucchi. Sā tuyhaṃ tāta dassanatthāyāti vatvā ‘‘tāta ke paṭhamaṃ āgatā’’ti pucchi. Cattāro mahārājāno, upāsiketi. Tāta, tvaṃ catūhi mahārājehi mahantataroti? Ārāmikasadisā ete upāsike, amhākaṃ satthu paṭisandhiggahaṇato paṭṭhāya khaggahatthā hutvā ārakkhaṃ akaṃsūti. Tesaṃ tāta, gatāvasāne ko āgatoti? Sakko devānamindoti. Devarājatopi tvaṃ tāta, mahantataroti? Bhaṇḍagāhakasāmaṇerasadiso <a name="P2.0553"></a> esa upāsike, amhākaṃ satthu tāvatiṃsato otaraṇakāle pattacīvaraṃ gahetvā otiṇṇoti. Tassa tāta gatāvasāne jotamāno viya ko āgatoti? Upāsike tuyhaṃ bhagavā ca satthā ca mahābrahmā nāma esoti. Mayhaṃ bhagavato mahābrahmatopi tvaṃ tāta mahantataroti? Āma upāsike, ete nāma kira amhākaṃ satthu <a name="M2.0143"></a> jātadivase cattāro mahābrahmāno mahāpurisaṃ suvaṇṇajālena paṭiggaṇhiṃsūti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha <a name="V2.0128"></a> brāhmaṇiyā – ‘‘puttassa tāva me ayaṃ ānubhāvo, kīdiso vata mayhaṃ puttassa bhagavato satthu ānubhāvo bhavissatī’’ti cintayantiyā sahasā pañcavaṇṇā pīti uppajjitvā sakalasarīre phari. Thero – ‘‘uppannaṃ me mātu pītisomanassaṃ, ayaṃ dāni kālo dhammadesanāyā’’ti cintetvā – ‘‘kiṃ cintesi mahāupāsike’’ti āha. Sā – ‘‘puttassa tāva me ayaṃ guṇo, satthu panassa kīdiso guṇo bhavissatīti idaṃ, tāta, cintemī’’ti āha. Mahāupāsike, mayhaṃ satthu jātakkhaṇe, mahābhinikkhamane, sambodhiyaṃ, dhammacakkappavattane ca dasasahassilokadhātu kampittha, sīlena samādhinā paññāya vimuttiyā vimuttiñāṇadassanena samo nāma natthi, itipi so bhagavāti vitthāretvā buddhaguṇappaṭisaṃyuttaṃ dhammadesanaṃ kathesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Brāhmaṇī piyaputtassa dhammadesanāpariyosāne sotāpattiphale patiṭṭhāya puttaṃ āha – ‘‘tāta, upatissa, kasmā evamakāsi, evarūpaṃ nāma amataṃ mayhaṃ ettakaṃ kālaṃ na adāsī’’ti. Thero – ‘‘dinnaṃ dāni me mātu rūpasāriyā brāhmaṇiyā posāvanikamūlaṃ, ettakena vaṭṭissatī’’ti cintetvā ‘‘gaccha mahāupāsike’’ti brāhmaṇiṃ uyyojetvā ‘‘cunda kā velā’’ti āha. Balavapaccūsakālo, bhanteti. Tena hi bhikkhusaṅghaṃ sannipātehīti. Sannipatito, bhante, saṅghoti. Maṃ ukkhipitvā nisīdāpehi cundāti ukkhipitvā nisīdāpesi. Thero bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘āvuso catucattālīsaṃ vo vassāni mayā saddhiṃ vicarantānaṃ yaṃ me kāyikaṃ vā vācasikaṃ vā na rocetha, khamatha taṃ āvusoti. Ettakaṃ, bhante, amhākaṃ chāyā viya tumhe amuñcitvā vicarantānaṃ aruccanakaṃ nāma natthi, tumhe pana amhākaṃ khamathāti. Atha <a name="P2.0554"></a> thero aruṇasikhāya paññāyamānāya mahāpathaviṃ unnādayanto anupādisesāya nibbānadhātuyā parinibbāyi. Bahū devamanussā therassa parinibbāne sakkāraṃ kariṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Āyasmā <a name="M2.0144"></a> cundo therassa pattacīvarañca dhātuparissāvanañca gahetvā jetavanaṃ gantvā ānandattheraṃ gahetvā bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkami. Bhagavā dhātuparissāvanaṃ gahetvā pañcahi gāthāsatehi therassa guṇaṃ kathetvā dhātucetiyaṃ kārāpetvā rājagahagamanatthāya ānandattherassa saññaṃ adāsi. Thero bhikkhūnaṃ ārocesi. Bhagavā mahābhikkhusaṅghaparivuto rājagahaṃ agamāsi. Tattha gatakāle mahāmoggallānatthero parinibbāyi. Bhagavā tassa dhātuyo gahetvā cetiyaṃ kārāpetvā rājagahato nikkhamitvā anupubbena gaṅgābhimukho gantvā ukkacelaṃ agamāsi. Tattha gaṅgātīre bhikkhusaṅghaparivuto nisīditvā tattha sāriputtamoggallānānaṃ parinibbānappaṭisaṃyuttaṃ suttaṃ desetvā ukkacelato nikkhamitvā vesāliṃ agamāsi. Evaṃ gate atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ <a name="V2.0129"></a> nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya vesāliṃ piṇḍāya pāvisīti ayamettha anupubbī kathā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nisīdana</span>nti ettha cammakkhaṇḍaṃ adhippetaṃ. <span class="bld">Udenacetiya</span>nti udenayakkhassa cetiyaṭṭhāne katavihāro vuccati. <span class="bld">Gotamakādīsupi</span> eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Bhāvitā</span>ti vaḍḍhitā. <span class="bld">Bahulīkatā</span>ti punappunaṃ katā. <span class="bld">Yānīkatā</span>ti yuttayānaṃ viya katā. <span class="bld">Vatthukatā</span>ti patiṭṭhānaṭṭhena vatthu viya katā. <span class="bld">Anuṭṭhitā</span>ti adhiṭṭhitā. <span class="bld">Paricitā</span>ti samantato citā suvaḍḍhitā. <span class="bld">Susamāraddhā</span>ti suṭṭhu samāraddhā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Iti aniyamena kathetvā puna niyametvā dassento <span class="bld">tathāgatassa kho</span>tiādimāha. Ettha ca <span class="bld">kappa</span>nti āyukappaṃ. Tasmiṃ tasmiṃ kāle yaṃ manussānaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ hoti, taṃ paripuṇṇaṃ karonto tiṭṭheyya. <span class="bld">Kappāvasesaṃ vā</span>ti – ‘‘appaṃ vā bhiyyo’’ti (dī. ni. 2.7; a. ni. 6.74) vuttavassasatato atirekaṃ vā. Mahāsīvatthero panāha – ‘‘buddhānaṃ aṭṭhāne gajjitaṃ nāma natthi. Yatheva hi veḷuvagāmake uppannaṃ māraṇantikaṃ vedanaṃ dasa māse vikkhambheti, evaṃ punappunaṃ <a name="P2.0555"></a> taṃ samāpattiṃ samāpajjitvā dasa dasa māse vikkhambhento imaṃ bhaddakappameva tiṭṭheyya, kasmā pana na ṭhitoti? Upādinnakasarīraṃ nāma khaṇḍiccādīhi abhibhuyyati, buddhā ca khaṇḍiccādibhāvaṃ apatvā pañcame āyukoṭṭhāse bahujanassa piyamanāpakāleyeva parinibbāyanti. Buddhānubuddhesu ca mahāsāvakesu parinibbutesu ekakeneva khāṇukena viya <a name="M2.0145"></a> ṭhātabbaṃ hoti, daharasāmaṇeraparivāritena vā. Tato – ‘aho buddhānaṃ parisā’ti hīḷetabbataṃ āpajjeyya. Tasmā na ṭhito’’ti. Evaṃ vuttepi so na ruccati, ‘‘āyukappo’’ti idameva aṭṭhakathāyaṃ niyamitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para167"></a><a name="para167_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">167</span>. <span class="bld">Yathā taṃ mārena pariyuṭṭhitacitto</span>ti ettha tanti nipātamattaṃ. Yathā mārena pariyuṭṭhitacitto ajjhotthaṭacitto aññopi koci puthujjano paṭivijjhituṃ na sakkuṇeyya, evameva nāsakkhi paṭivijjhitunti attho. Kiṃ kāraṇā? Māro hi yassa sabbena sabbaṃ dvādasa vipallāsā appahīnā, tassa cittaṃ pariyuṭṭhāti. Therassa cattāro vipallāsā appahīnā, tenassa māro cittaṃ pariyuṭṭhāti. So pana cittapariyuṭṭhānaṃ karonto kiṃ karotīti? Bheravaṃ rūpārammaṇaṃ vā dasseti, saddārammaṇaṃ vā sāveti, tato sattā taṃ disvā vā sutvā vā satiṃ vissajjetvā vivaṭamukhā honti. Tesaṃ mukhena hatthaṃ pavesetvā hadayaṃ maddati. Tato visaññāva hutvā tiṭṭhanti. Therassa panesa mukhena hatthaṃ pavesetuṃ kiṃ sakkhissati<a name="V2.0130"></a>? Bheravārammaṇaṃ pana dasseti. Taṃ disvā thero nimittobhāsaṃ na paṭivijjhi. Bhagavā jānantoyeva – ‘‘kimatthaṃ yāvatatiyaṃ āmantesī’’ti? Parato ‘‘tiṭṭhatu, bhante, bhagavā’’ti yācite ‘‘tuyhevetaṃ dukkaṭaṃ, tuyhevetaṃ aparaddha’’nti dosāropanena sokatanukaraṇatthaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Mārayācanakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para168"></a><a name="para168_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">168</span>. <span class="bld">Māro pāpimā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">māro</span>ti satte anatthe niyojento māretīti <span class="bld">māro. Pāpimā</span>ti tasseva vevacanaṃ. So hi pāpadhammasamannāgatattā ‘‘pāpimā’’ti vuccati. Kaṇho, antako, namuci, pamattabandhūtipi tasseva nāmāni. <span class="bld">Bhāsitā kho panesā</span>ti ayañhi bhagavato sambodhipattiyā aṭṭhame sattāhe bodhimaṇḍeyeva āgantvā – ‘‘bhagavā yadatthaṃ tumhehi pāramiyo pūritā, so vo attho anuppatto, paṭividdhaṃ sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ, kiṃ te lokavicāraṇenā’’ti vatvā, yathā ajja<a name="P2.0556"></a>, evameva ‘‘parinibbātu dāni, bhante, bhagavā’’ti yāci. Bhagavā cassa – ‘‘na <a name="M2.0146"></a> tāvāha’’ntiādīni vatvā paṭikkhipi. Taṃ sandhāya ‘‘bhāsitā kho panesā bhante’’tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">viyattā</span>ti maggavasena viyattā. Tatheva vinītā tathā visāradā. <span class="bld">Bahussutā</span>ti tepiṭakavasena bahu sutametesanti <span class="bld">bahussutā.</span> Tameva dhammaṃ dhārentīti <span class="bld">dhammadharā.</span> Athavā pariyattibahussutā ceva paṭivedhabahussutā ca. Pariyattipaṭivedhadhammānaṃyeva dhāraṇato dhammadharāti evamettha attho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Dhammānudhammapaṭipannā</span>ti ariyadhammassa anudhammabhūtaṃ vipassanādhammaṃ paṭipannā. <span class="bld">Sāmīcippaṭipannā</span>ti anucchavikapaṭipadaṃ paṭipannā. <span class="bld">Anudhammacārino</span>ti anudhammacaraṇasīlā. <span class="bld">Sakaṃ ācariyaka</span>nti attano ācariyavādaṃ. <span class="bld">Ācikkhissantī</span>tiādīni sabbāni aññamaññassa vevacanāni. <span class="bld">Sahadhammenā</span>ti sahetukena sakāraṇena vacanena. <span class="bld">Sappāṭihāriya</span>nti yāva na niyyānikaṃ katvā dhammaṃ desessanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Brahmacariya</span>nti sikkhattayasaṅgahitaṃ sakalaṃ sāsanabrahmacariyaṃ. <span class="bld">Iddha</span>nti samiddhaṃ jhānassādavasena. <span class="bld">Phīta</span>nti vuddhippattaṃ sabbaphāliphullaṃ viya abhiññāya sampattivasena. <span class="bld">Vitthārika</span>nti vitthataṃ tasmiṃ tasmiṃ disābhāge patiṭṭhitavasena. <span class="bld">Bāhujañña</span>nti bahujanehi ñātaṃ paṭividdhaṃ mahājanābhisamayavasena. <span class="bld">Puthubhūta</span>nti sabbākāravasena puthulabhāvappattaṃ. Kathaṃ? <span class="bld">Yāva devamanussehi</span> <a name="V2.0131"></a> <span class="bld">suppakāsita</span>nti yattakā viññujātikā devā ceva manussā ca atthi sabbehi suṭṭhu pakāsitanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Appossukko</span>ti nirālayo. Tvañhi pāpima, aṭṭhamasattāhato paṭṭhāya – ‘‘parinibbātu dāni, bhante, bhagavā parinibbātu, sugato’’ti viravanto āhiṇḍittha. Ajja dāni paṭṭhāya vigatussāho hohi; mā mayhaṃ parinibbānatthaṃ vāyāmaṃ karohīti vadati.</p>
<p class="subhead">Āyusaṅkhāraossajjanavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para169"></a><a name="para169_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">169</span>. <span class="bld">Sato sampajāno āyusaṅkhāraṃ ossajī</span>ti satiṃ sūpaṭṭhitaṃ katvā ñāṇena paricchinditvā āyusaṅkhāraṃ vissajji, pajahi. Tattha na bhagavā hatthena leḍḍuṃ viya āyusaṅkhāraṃ ossaji, temāsamattameva pana samāpattiṃ <a name="M2.0147"></a> samāpajjitvā tato paraṃ na samāpajjissāmīti cittaṃ uppādesi. Taṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ – ‘‘ossajī’’ti. ‘‘Ussajjī’’ti pi pāṭho. <span class="bld">Mahābhūmicālo</span>ti <a name="P2.0557"></a> mahanto pathavīkampo. Tadā kira dasasahassī lokadhātu kampittha. <span class="bld">Bhiṃsanako</span>ti bhayajanako. <span class="bld">Devadundubhiyo ca phaliṃsū</span>ti devabheriyo phaliṃsu, devo sukkhagajjitaṃ gajji, akālavijjulatā nicchariṃsu, khaṇikavassaṃ vassīti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Udānaṃ udānesī</span>ti kasmā udānesi? Koci nāma vadeyya – ‘‘bhagavā pacchato pacchato anubandhitvā – ‘parinibbāyatha, bhante, parinibbāyatha, bhante’ti upadduto bhayena āyusaṅkhāraṃ vissajjesī’’ti. ‘‘Tassokāso mā hotu, bhītassa udānaṃ nāma natthī’’ti etassa dīpanatthaṃ pītivegavissaṭṭhaṃ udānaṃ udānesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha sabbesaṃ soṇasiṅgālādīnampi paccakkhabhāvato tulitaṃ paricchinnanti tulaṃ. Kiṃ taṃ? Kāmāvacarakammaṃ. Na tulaṃ, na vā tulaṃ sadisamassa aññaṃ lokiyaṃ kammaṃ atthīti <span class="bld">atulaṃ.</span> Kiṃ taṃ? Mahaggatakammaṃ. Athavā kāmāvacararūpāvacaraṃ tulaṃ, arūpāvacaraṃ atulaṃ. Appavipākaṃ vā tulaṃ, bahuvipākaṃ atulaṃ. <span class="bld">Sambhava</span>nti sambhavassa hetubhūtaṃ, piṇḍakārakaṃ rāsikārakanti attho. <span class="bld">Bhavasaṅkhāra</span>nti punabbhavasaṅkhāraṇakaṃ. <span class="bld">Avassajī</span>ti vissajjesi. <span class="bld">Munī</span>ti buddhamuni. <span class="bld">Ajjhattarato</span>ti niyakajjhattarato. <span class="bld">Samāhito</span>ti upacārappanāsamādhivasena samāhito. <span class="bld">Abhindi kavacamivā</span>ti kavacaṃ viya abhindi. <span class="bld">Attasambhava</span>nti attani sañjātaṃ kilesaṃ. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – ‘‘savipākaṭṭhena sambhavaṃ, bhavābhisaṅkhāraṇaṭṭhena bhavasaṅkhāranti ca laddhanāmaṃ tulātulasaṅkhātaṃ <a name="V2.0132"></a> lokiyakammañca ossaji. Saṅgāmasīse mahāyodho kavacaṃ viya attasambhavaṃ kilesañca ajjhattarato samāhito hutvā abhindī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha vā <span class="bld">tula</span>nti tulento tīrento. <span class="bld">Atulañca sambhava</span>nti nibbānañceva sambhavañca. <span class="bld">Bhavasaṅkhāra</span>nti bhavagāmikammaṃ. <span class="bld">Avassaji munī</span>ti ‘‘pañcakkhandhā aniccā, pañcannaṃ khandhānaṃ nirodho nibbānaṃ nicca’’ntiādinā (paṭi. ma. 3.38) nayena tulayanto buddhamuni bhave ādīnavaṃ, nibbāne ca ānisaṃsaṃ disvā taṃ khandhānaṃ mūlabhūtaṃ bhavasaṅkhārakammaṃ – ‘‘kammakkhayāya saṃvattatī’’ti (ma. ni. 2.81) evaṃ vuttena kammakkhayakarena ariyamaggena <a name="P2.0558"></a> avassaji. Kathaṃ? Ajjhattarato samāhito abhindi kavacamiva attani <a name="M2.0148"></a> sambhavaṃ. So hi vipassanāvasena ajjhattarato samathavasena samāhitoti evaṃ pubbabhāgato paṭṭhāya samathavipassanābalena kavacamiva attabhāvaṃ pariyonandhitvā ṭhitaṃ, attani sambhavattā ‘‘attasambhava’’nti laddhanāmaṃ sabbakilesajālaṃ abhindi. Kilesābhāvena ca katakammaṃ appaṭisandhikattā avassaṭṭhaṃ nāma hotīti evaṃ kilesappahānena kammaṃ pajahi, pahīnakilesassa ca bhayaṃ nāma natthi, tasmā abhītova āyusaṅkhāraṃ ossaji, abhītabhāvañāpanatthañca udānaṃ udānesīti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="subhead">Mahābhūmicālavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para171"></a><a name="para171_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">171</span>. <span class="bld">Yaṃ mahāvātā</span>ti yena samayena yasmiṃ vā samaye mahāvātā vāyanti, mahāvātā vāyantāpi ukkhepakavātā nāma uṭṭhahanti, te vāyantā saṭṭhisahassādhikanavayojanasatasahassabahalaṃ udakasandhārakaṃ vātaṃ upacchindanti, tato ākāse udakaṃ bhassati, tasmiṃ bhassante pathavī bhassati. Puna vāto attano balena antodhamakaraṇe viya udakaṃ ābandhitvā gaṇhāti, tato udakaṃ uggacchati, tasmiṃ uggacchante pathavī uggacchati. Evaṃ udakaṃ kampitaṃ pathaviṃ kampeti. Etañca kampanaṃ yāva ajjakālāpi hotiyeva, bahalabhāvena pana na ogacchanuggacchanaṃ paññāyati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mahiddhiko mahānubhāvo</span>ti ijjhanassa mahantatāya mahiddhiko, anubhavitabbassa mahantatāya mahānubhāvo. <span class="bld">Parittā</span>ti dubbalā. <span class="bld">Appamāṇā</span>ti balavā. <span class="bld">So imaṃ pathaviṃ kampetī</span>ti so iddhiṃ nibbattetvā saṃvejento mahāmoggallāno viya, vīmaṃsanto vā mahānāgattherassa bhāgineyyo saṅgharakkhitasāmaṇero viya pathaviṃ kampeti. So kirāyasmā khuraggeyeva arahattaṃ patvā cintesi <a name="V2.0133"></a> – ‘‘atthi nu kho koci bhikkhu, yena pabbajitadivaseyeva arahattaṃ patvā vejayanto pāsādo kampitapubbo’’ti? Tato – ‘‘natthi kocī’’ti ñatvā – ‘‘ahaṃ kampessāmī’’ti abhiññābalena vejayantamatthake ṭhatvā pādena paharitvā kampetuṃ nāsakkhi. Atha naṃ sakkassa nāṭakitthiyo āhaṃsu – ‘‘putta saṅgharakkhita, tvaṃ pūtigandheneva sīsena vejayantaṃ kampetuṃ icchasi, suppatiṭṭhito tāta pāsādo, kathaṃ kampetuṃ <a name="P2.0559"></a> sakkhissasī’’ti?</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sāmaṇero <a name="M2.0149"></a> – ‘‘imā devatā mayā saddhiṃ keḷiṃ karonti, ahaṃ kho pana ācariyaṃ nālatthaṃ, kahaṃ nu kho me ācariyo sāmuddikamahānāgatthero’’ti āvajjento mahāsamudde udakaleṇaṃ māpetvā divāvihāraṃ nisinnoti ñatvā tattha gantvā theraṃ vanditvā aṭṭhāsi. Tato naṃ thero – ‘‘kiṃ, tāta saṅgharakkhita, asikkhitvāva yuddhaṃ paviṭṭhosī’’ti vatvā ‘‘nāsakkhi, tāta, vejayantaṃ kampetu’’nti pucchi. Ācariyaṃ, bhante, nālatthanti. Atha naṃ thero – ‘‘tāta tumhādise akampente ko añño kampessati. Diṭṭhapubbaṃ te, tāta, udakapiṭṭhe gomayakhaṇḍaṃ pilavantaṃ, tāta, kapallakapūvaṃ pacantā antantena paricchindanti, iminā opammena jānāhī’’ti āha. So – ‘‘vaṭṭissati, bhante, ettakenā’’ti vatvā pāsādena patiṭṭhitokāsaṃ udakaṃ hotūti adhiṭṭhāya vejayantābhimukho agamāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Devadhītaro taṃ disvā – ‘‘ekavāraṃ lajjitvā gato, punapi sāmaṇero eti, punapi etī’’ti vadiṃsu. Sakko devarājā – ‘‘mā mayhaṃ puttena saddhiṃ kathayittha, idāni tena ācariyo laddho, khaṇena pāsādaṃ kampessatī’’ti āha. Sāmaṇeropi pādaṅguṭṭhena pāsādathūpikaṃ pahari. Pāsādo catūhi disāhi oṇamati. Devatā – ‘‘patiṭṭhātuṃ dehi, tāta, pāsādassa patiṭṭhātuṃ dehi, tāta, pāsādassā’’ti viraviṃsu. Sāmaṇero pāsādaṃ yathāṭhāne ṭhapetvā pāsādamatthake ṭhatvā udānaṃ udānesi –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Ajjevāhaṃ pabbajito, ajja pattāsavakkhayaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Ajja kampemi pāsādaṃ, aho buddhassuḷāratā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Ajjevāhaṃ pabbajito…pe… aho dhammassuḷāratā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Ajjevāhaṃ pabbajito…pe… aho saṅghassuḷāratāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ito <a name="V2.0134"></a> paresu chasu pathavīkampesu yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ mahāpadāne vuttameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Iti imesu aṭṭhasu pathavīkampesu paṭhamo dhātukopena, dutiyo iddhānubhāvena, tatiyacatutthā puññatejena, pañcamo ñāṇatejena, chaṭṭho sādhukāradānavasena, sattamo kāruññabhāvena, aṭṭhamo ārodanena. Mātukucchiṃ okkamante ca tato nikkhamante ca mahāsatte tassa puññatejena pathavī akampittha. Abhisambodhiyaṃ ñāṇatejena abhihatā <a name="M2.0150"></a> hutvā akampittha. Dhammacakkappavattane <a name="P2.0560"></a> sādhukārabhāvasaṇṭhitā sādhukāraṃ dadamānā akampittha. Āyusaṅkhārossajjane kāruññasabhāvasaṇṭhitā cittasaṅkhobhaṃ asahamānā akampittha. Parinibbāne ārodanavegatunnā hutvā akampittha. Ayaṃ panattho pathavīdevatāya vasena veditabbo, mahābhūtapathaviyā panetaṃ natthi acetanattāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ime kho, ānanda, aṭṭha hetū</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">ime</span>ti niddiṭṭhanidassanaṃ. Ettāvatā ca panāyasmā ānando – ‘‘addhā ajja bhagavatā āyusaṅkhāro ossaṭṭho’’ti sallakkhesi. Bhagavā pana sallakkhitabhāvaṃ jānantopi okāsaṃ adatvāva aññānipi aṭṭhakāni sampiṇḍento – ‘‘aṭṭha kho imā’’tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="subhead">Aṭṭhaparisavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para172"></a><a name="para172_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">172</span>. Tattha <span class="bld">anekasataṃ khattiyaparisa</span>nti bimbisārasamāgamañātisamāgalicchavīsamāgamādisadisaṃ, sā pana aññesu cakkavāḷesupi labbhateyeva. <span class="bld">Sallapitapubba</span>nti ālāpasallāpo katapubbo. <span class="bld">Sākacchā</span>ti dhammasākacchāpi samāpajjitapubbā. <span class="bld">Yādisako tesaṃ vaṇṇo</span>ti te odātāpi honti kāḷāpi maṅguracchavīpi, satthā suvaṇṇavaṇṇova. Idaṃ pana saṇṭhānaṃ paṭicca kathitaṃ. Saṇṭhānampi ca kevalaṃ tesaṃ paññāyatiyeva, na pana bhagavā milakkhusadiso hoti, nāpi āmuttamaṇikuṇḍalo, buddhaveseneva nisīdati. Te pana attano samānasaṇṭhānameva passanti. <span class="bld">Yādisako tesaṃ saro</span>ti te chinnassarāpi honti gaggarassarāpi kākassarāpi, satthā brahmassarova. Idaṃ pana bhāsantaraṃ sandhāya kathitaṃ. Sacepi hi satthā rājāsane nisinno katheti, ‘‘ajja rājā madhurena sarena kathetī’’ti tesaṃ hoti. Kathetvā pakkante pana bhagavati puna rājānaṃ āgataṃ disvā – ‘‘ko nu kho aya’’nti vīmaṃsā uppajjati. Tattha <span class="bld">ko nu kho aya</span>nti imasmiṃ ṭhāne idāneva māgadhabhāsāya sīhaḷabhāsāya madhurenākārena kathento ko nu kho ayaṃ antarahito, kiṃ devo, udāhu manussoti evaṃ vīmaṃsantāpi <a name="V2.0135"></a> na jānantīti attho. Kimatthaṃ panevaṃ ajānantānaṃ dhammaṃ desetīti? Vāsanatthāya<a name="M2.0151"></a>. Evaṃ sutopi hi dhammo anāgate paccayo hoti yevāti anāgataṃ paṭicca deseti. <span class="bld">Anekasataṃ brāhmaṇaparisa</span>ntiādīnampi soṇadaṇḍakūṭadaṇḍasamāgamādivasena <a name="P2.0561"></a> ceva aññacakkavāḷavasena ca sambhavo veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Imā pana aṭṭha parisā bhagavā kimatthaṃ āhari? Abhītabhāvadassanatthameva. Imā kira āharitvā evamāha – ‘‘ānanda, imāpi aṭṭha parisā upasaṅkamitvā dhammaṃ desentassa tathāgatassa bhayaṃ vā sārajjaṃ vā natthi, māraṃ pana ekakaṃ disvā tathāgato bhāyeyyāti ko evaṃ saññaṃ uppādetumarahati. Abhīto, ānanda, tathāgato acchambhī, sato sampajāno āyusaṅkhāraṃ ossajī’’ti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Aṭṭhaabhibhāyatanavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para173"></a><a name="para173_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">173</span>. <span class="bld">Abhibhāyatanānī</span>ti abhibhavanakāraṇāni. Kiṃ abhibhavanti? Paccanīkadhammepi ārammaṇānipi. Tāni hi paṭipakkhabhāvena paccanīkadhamme abhibhavanti, puggalassa ñāṇuttariyatāya ārammaṇāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ajjhattaṃ rūpasaññī</span>tiādīsu pana ajjhattarūpe parikammavasena ajjhattaṃ rūpasaññī nāma hoti. Ajjhattañhi nīlaparikammaṃ karonto kese vā pitte vā akkhitārakāya vā karoti. Pītaparikammaṃ karonto mede vā chaviyā vā hatthapādapiṭṭhesu vā akkhīnaṃ pītakaṭṭhāne vā karoti. Lohitaparikammaṃ karonto maṃse vā lohite vā jivhāya vā akkhīnaṃ rattaṭṭhāne vā karoti. Odātaparikammaṃ karonto aṭṭhimhi vā dante vā nakhe vā akkhīnaṃ setaṭṭhāne vā karoti. Taṃ pana sunīlaṃ supītaṃ sulohitakaṃ suodātakaṃ na hoti, avisuddhameva hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Eko bahiddhā rūpāni passatī</span>ti yassevaṃ parikammaṃ ajjhattaṃ uppannaṃ hoti, nimittaṃ pana bahiddhā, so evaṃ ajjhattaṃ parikammassa bahiddhā ca appanāya vasena – ‘‘ajjhattaṃ rūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passatī’’ti vuccati. <span class="bld">Parittānī</span>ti avaḍḍhitāni. <span class="bld">Suvaṇṇadubbaṇṇānī</span>ti suvaṇṇāni vā honti, dubbaṇṇāni vā. Parittavaseneva idaṃ abhibhāyatanaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Tāni abhibhuyyā</span>ti yathā nāma sampannagahaṇiko kaṭacchumattaṃ bhattaṃ labhitvā – ‘‘kiṃ <a name="M2.0152"></a> ettha bhuñjitabbaṃ atthī’’ti saṅkaḍḍhitvā ekakabaḷameva karoti, evameva ñāṇuttariko puggalo visadañāṇo <a name="V2.0136"></a> – ‘‘kiṃ ettha parittake ārammaṇe samāpajjitabbaṃ atthi, nāyaṃ mama bhāro’’ti tāni rūpāni abhibhavitvā samāpajjati, saha nimittuppādenevettha appanaṃ pāpetīti attho. <span class="bld">Jānāmi</span> <a name="P2.0562"></a> <span class="bld">passāmī</span>ti iminā panassa ābhogo kathito. So ca kho samāpattito vuṭṭhitassa, na antosamāpattiyaṃ. <span class="bld">Evaṃsaññī hotī</span>ti ābhogasaññāyapi jhānasaññāyapi evaṃsaññī hoti. Abhibhavanasaññā hissa antosamāpattiyampi atthi, ābhogasaññā pana samāpattito vuṭṭhitasseva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Appamāṇānī</span>ti vaḍḍhitappamāṇāni, mahantānīti attho. <span class="bld">Abhibhuyyā</span>ti ettha pana yathā mahagghaso puriso ekaṃ bhattavaḍḍhitakaṃ labhitvā – ‘‘aññampi hotu, kiṃ etaṃ mayhaṃ karissatī’’ti taṃ na mahantato passati, evameva ñāṇuttaro puggalo visadañāṇo ‘‘kiṃ ettha samāpajjitabbaṃ, nayidaṃ appamāṇaṃ, na mayhaṃ cittekaggatākaraṇe bhāro atthī’’ti tāni abhibhavitvā samāpajjati, saha nimittuppādenevettha appanaṃ pāpetīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī</span>ti alābhitāya vā anatthikatāya vā ajjhattarūpe parikammasaññāvirahito.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Eko bahiddhā rūpāni passatī</span>ti yassa parikammampi nimittampi bahiddhāva uppannaṃ, so evaṃ bahiddhā parikammassa ceva appanāya ca vasena – ‘‘ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passatī’’ti vuccati. Sesamettha catutthābhibhāyatane vuttanayameva. Imesu pana catūsu parittaṃ vitakkacaritavasena āgataṃ, appamāṇaṃ mohacaritavasena, suvaṇṇaṃ dosacaritavasena, dubbaṇṇaṃ rāgacaritavasena. Etesañhi etāni sappāyāni. Sā ca nesaṃ sappāyatā vitthārato visuddhimagge caritaniddese vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pañcamaabhibhāyatanādīsu <span class="bld">nīlānī</span>ti sabbasaṅgāhakavasena vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Nīlavaṇṇānī</span>ti vaṇṇavasena. <span class="bld">Nīlanidassanānī</span>ti nidassanavasena, apaññāya mānavivarāni asambhinnavaṇṇāni ekanīlāneva hutvā dissantīti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Nīlanibhāsānī</span>ti idaṃ pana obhāsavasena vuttaṃ, nīlobhāsāni nīlappabhāyuttānīti attho. Etena nesaṃ visuddhataṃ dasseti. Visuddhavaṇṇavaseneva <a name="M2.0153"></a> hi imāni cattāri abhibhāyatanāni vuttāni. <span class="bld">Umāpuppha</span>nti etañhi pupphaṃ siniddhaṃ mudu, dissamānampi nīlameva hoti. Girikaṇṇikapupphādīni pana dissamānāni setadhātukāneva honti. Tasmā idameva gahitaṃ, na <a name="P2.0563"></a> tāni. <span class="bld">Bārāṇaseyyaka</span>nti bārāṇasisambhavaṃ. Tattha kira kappāsopi <a name="V2.0137"></a> mudu, suttakantikāyopi tantavāyāpi chekā, udakampi suci siniddhaṃ. Tasmā taṃ vatthaṃ ubhatobhāgavimaṭṭhaṃ hoti; dvīsupi passesu maṭṭhaṃ mudu siniddhaṃ khāyati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pītānī</span>tiādīsupi imināva nayena attho veditabbo. ‘‘Nīlakasiṇaṃ uggaṇhanto nīlasmiṃ nimittaṃ gaṇhāti pupphasmiṃ vā vatthasmiṃ vā vaṇṇadhātuyā vā’’tiādikaṃ panettha kasiṇakaraṇañca parikammañca appanāvidhānañca sabbaṃ visuddhimagge vitthārato vuttameva. Imānipi aṭṭha abhibhāyatanāni abhītabhāvadassanatthameva ānītāni. Imāni kira vatvā evamāha – ‘‘ānanda, evarūpāpi samāpattiyo samāpajjantassa ca vuṭṭhahantassa ca tathāgatassa bhayaṃ vā sārajjaṃ vā natthi, māraṃ pana ekakaṃ disvā tathāgato bhāyeyyāti ko evaṃ saññaṃ uppādetumarahati. Abhīto, ānanda, tathāgato acchambhī, sato sampajāno āyusaṅkhāraṃ ossajī’’ti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Aṭṭhavimokkhavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para174"></a><a name="para174_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">174</span>. Vimokkhakathā uttānatthāyeva. Imepi aṭṭha vimokkhā abhītabhāvadassanatthameva ānītā. Imepi kira vatvā evamāha – ‘‘ānanda, etāpi samāpattiyo samāpajjantassa ca vuṭṭhahantassa ca tathāgatassa bhayaṃ vā sārajjaṃ vā natthi…pe… ossajī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para175"></a><a name="para175_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">175</span>. Idānipi bhagavā ānandassa okāsaṃ adatvāva <span class="bld">ekamidāha</span>ntiādinā nayena aparampi desanaṃ ārabhi. Tattha <span class="bld">paṭhamābhisambuddho</span>ti abhisambuddho hutvā paṭhamameva aṭṭhame sattāhe.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para177"></a><a name="para177_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">177</span>. <span class="bld">Ossaṭṭho</span>ti vissajjito paricchinno, evaṃ kira vatvā – ‘‘tenāyaṃ dasasahassī lokadhātu kampitthā’’ti āha.</p>
<p class="subhead">Ānandayācanakathā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para178"></a><a name="para178_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">178</span>. <span class="bld">Ala</span>nti paṭikkhepavacanametaṃ. <span class="bld">Bodhi</span>nti catumaggañāṇapaṭiveghaṃ. <span class="bld">Saddahasi tva</span>nti evaṃ vuttabhāvaṃ tathāgatassa saddahasīti vadati. <span class="bld">Tasmātihānandā</span>ti <a name="M2.0154"></a> yasmā idaṃ vacanaṃ saddahasi, tasmā tuyhevetaṃ dukkaṭanti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para179"></a><a name="para179_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">179</span>. <span class="bld">Ekamidāha</span>nti <a name="V2.0138"></a> idaṃ bhagavā – ‘‘na kevalaṃ ahaṃ idheva taṃ āmantesiṃ, aññadāpi āmantetvā oḷārikaṃ nimittaṃ akāsiṃ, tampi <a name="P2.0564"></a> tayā na paṭividdhaṃ, tavevāyaṃ aparādho’’ti evaṃ sokavinodanatthāya nānappakārato therasseva dosāropanatthaṃ ārabhi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para183"></a><a name="para183_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">183</span>. <span class="bld">Piyehi manāpehī</span>ti mātāpitābhātābhaginiādikehi jātiyā <span class="bld">nānābhāvo,</span> maraṇena <span class="bld">vinābhāvo,</span> bhavena <span class="bld">aññathābhāvo. Taṃ kutettha labbhā</span>ti <span class="bld">ta</span>nti tasmā, yasmā sabbeheva piyehi manāpehi nānābhāvo, tasmā dasa pāramiyo pūretvāpi, sambodhiṃ patvāpi, dhammacakkaṃ pavattetvāpi, yamakapāṭihāriyaṃ dassetvāpi, devorohaṇaṃ katvāpi, yaṃ taṃ jātaṃ bhūtaṃ saṅkhataṃ palokadhammaṃ, taṃ vata tathāgatassāpi sarīraṃ mā palujjīti netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati, rodantenāpi kandantenāpi na sakkā taṃ kāraṇaṃ laddhunti. <span class="bld">Puna paccāvamissatī</span>ti yaṃ cattaṃ vantaṃ, taṃ vata puna paṭikhādissatīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para184"></a><a name="para184_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">184</span>. <span class="bld">Yathayidaṃ brahmacariya</span>nti yathā idaṃ sikkhāttayasaṅgahaṃ sāsanabrahmacariyaṃ. <span class="bld">Addhaniya</span>nti addhānakkhamaṃ. <span class="bld">Ciraṭṭhitika</span>nti cirappavattivasena ciraṭṭhitikaṃ. <span class="bld">Cattāro satipaṭṭhānā</span>tiādi sabbaṃ lokiyalokuttaravaseneva kathitaṃ. Etesaṃ pana bodhipakkhiyānaṃ dhammānaṃ vinicchayo sabbākārena visuddhimagge paṭipadāñāṇadassanavisuddhiniddese vutto. Sesamettha uttānamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Tatiyabhāṇavāravaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Nāgāpalokitavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para186"></a><a name="para186_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">186</span>. <span class="bld">Nāgāpalokita</span>nti yathā hi mahājanassa aṭṭhīni koṭiyā koṭiṃ āhacca ṭhitāni paccekabuddhānaṃ, aṅkusakalaggāni viya, na evaṃ buddhānaṃ. Buddhānaṃ <a name="M2.0155"></a> pana saṅkhalikāni viya ekābaddhāni hutvā ṭhitāni, tasmā pacchato apalokanakāle na sakkā hoti gīvaṃ parivattetuṃ. Yathā pana hatthināgo pacchābhāgaṃ apaloketukāmo sakalasarīreneva parivattati, evaṃ parivattitabbaṃ hoti. Bhagavato pana nagaradvāre ṭhatvā – ‘‘vesāliṃ apalokessāmī’’ti citte uppannamatte – ‘‘bhagavā anekāni kappakoṭisahassāni pāramiyo pūrentehi tumhehi na gīvaṃ parivattetvā <a name="V2.0139"></a> apalokanakammaṃ kata’’nti ayaṃ pathavī kulālacakkaṃ viya parivattetvā bhagavantaṃ <a name="P2.0565"></a> vesālinagarābhimukhaṃ akāsi. Taṃ sandhāyetaṃ vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nanu ca na kevalaṃ vesāliyāva, sāvatthirājagahanāḷandapāṭaligāmakoṭigāmanātikagāmakesupi tato tato nikkhantakāle taṃ taṃ sabbaṃ pacchimadassanameva, tattha tattha kasmā nāgāpalokitaṃ nāpalokesīti? Anacchariyattā. Tattha tattha hi nivattetvā apalokentassetaṃ na acchariyaṃ hoti, tasmā nāpalokesi. Api ca vesālirājāno āsannavināsā, tiṇṇaṃ vassānaṃ upari vinassissanti. Te taṃ nagaradvāre <span class="bld">nāgāpalokitaṃ</span> nāma cetiyaṃ katvā gandhamālādīhi pūjessanti, taṃ nesaṃ dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāya bhavissatīti tesaṃ anukampāya apalokesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dukkhassantakaro</span>ti vaṭṭadukkhassa antakaro. <span class="bld">Cakkhumā</span>ti pañcahi cakkhūhi cakkhumā. <span class="bld">Parinibbuto</span>ti kilesaparinibbānena parinibbuto.</p>
<p class="subhead">Catumahāpadesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para187"></a><a name="para187_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">187</span>. <span class="bld">Mahāpadese</span>ti mahāokāse, mahāapadese vā, buddhādayo mahante mahante apadisitvā vuttāni mahākāraṇānīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para188"></a><a name="para188_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">188</span>. <span class="bld">Neva abhinanditabba</span>nti haṭṭhatuṭṭhehi sādhukāraṃ datvā pubbeva na sotabbaṃ, evaṃ kate hi pacchā ‘‘idaṃ na sametī’’ti vuccamāno – ‘‘kiṃ pubbeva ayaṃ dhammo, idāni na dhammo’’ti vatvā laddhiṃ na vissajjeti. <span class="bld">Nappaṭikkositabba</span>nti – ‘‘kiṃ esa bālo vadatī’’ti evaṃ pubbeva na vattabbaṃ, evaṃ vutte hi vattuṃ yuttampi na vakkhati. Tenāha – ‘‘anabhinanditvā appaṭikkositvā’’ti. <span class="bld">Padabyañjanānī</span>ti padasaṅkhātāni byañjanāni. <span class="bld">Sādhukaṃ uggahetvā</span>ti imasmiṃ <a name="M2.0156"></a> ṭhāne pāḷi vuttā, imasmiṃ ṭhāne attho vutto, imasmiṃ ṭhāne anusandhi kathito, imasmiṃ ṭhāne pubbāparaṃ kathitanti suṭṭhu gahetvā. <span class="bld">Sutte osāretabbānī</span>ti sutte otāretabbāni. <span class="bld">Vinaye sandassetabbānī</span>ti vinaye saṃsandetabbāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca <span class="bld">sutta</span>nti vinayo. Yathāha – ‘‘kattha paṭikkhittaṃ? Sāvatthiyaṃ suttavibhaṅge’’ti (cuḷava. 457). <span class="bld">Vinayo</span>ti khandhako. Yathāha – ‘‘vinayātisāre’’ti. Evaṃ vinayapiṭakampi na <a name="V2.0140"></a> pariyādiyati. Ubhatovibhaṅgā pana suttaṃ, khandhakaparivārā vinayoti evaṃ vinayapiṭakaṃ pariyādiyati. Athavā suttantapiṭakaṃ suttaṃ, vinayapiṭakaṃ vinayoti evaṃ dveyeva piṭakāni pariyādiyanti. Suttantābhidhammapiṭakāni <a name="P2.0566"></a> vā suttaṃ, vinayapiṭakaṃ vinayoti evampi tīṇi piṭakāni na tāva pariyādiyanti. Asuttanāmakañhi buddhavacanaṃ nāma atthi. Seyyathidaṃ – jātakaṃ, paṭisambhidā, niddeso, suttanipāto, dhammapadaṃ, udānaṃ, itivuttakaṃ, vimānavatthu, petavatthu, theragāthā, therīgāthā, apadānanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sudinnatthero pana – ‘‘asuttanāmakaṃ buddhavacanaṃ na atthī’’ti taṃ sabbaṃ paṭipakkhipitvā – ‘‘tīṇi piṭakāni suttaṃ, vinayo pana kāraṇa’’nti āha. Tato taṃ kāraṇaṃ dassento idaṃ suttamāhari –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Ye kho tvaṃ, gotami, dhamme jāneyyāsi, ime dhammā sarāgāya saṃvattanti no virāgāya, saññogāya saṃvattanti no visaññogāya, ācayāya saṃvattanti no apacayāya, mahicchatāya saṃvattanti no appicchatāya, asantuṭṭhiyā saṃvattanti no santuṭṭhiyā, saṅgaṇikāya saṃvattanti no pavivekāya, kosajjāya saṃvattanti no vīriyārambhāya, dubbharatāya saṃvattanti no subharatāya. Ekaṃsena, gotami, dhāreyyāsi – ‘neso dhammo, neso vinayo, netaṃ satthusāsana’nti. Ye ca kho tvaṃ, gotami, dhamme jāneyyāsi, ime dhammā virāgāya saṃvattanti no sarāgāya, visaññogāya saṃvattanti no saññogāya, apacayāya saṃvattanti no ācayāya, appicchatāya saṃvattanti no mahicchatāya, santuṭṭhiyā saṃvattanti no asantuṭṭhiyā, pavivekāya saṃvattanti no saṅgaṇikāya<a name="M2.0157"></a>, vīriyārambhāya saṃvattanti no kosajjāya, subharatāya saṃvattanti no dubbharatāya. Ekaṃsena, gotami, dhāreyyāsi – ‘eso dhammo, eso vinayo, etaṃ satthusāsana’nti’’ (a. ni. 8.53).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tasmā <span class="bld">sutte</span>ti tepiṭake buddhavacane otāretabbāni. <span class="bld">Vinaye</span>ti etasmiṃ rāgādivinayakāraṇe saṃsandetabbānīti ayamettha attho. <span class="bld">Na ceva sutte osarantī</span>ti suttapaṭipāṭiyā katthaci anāgantvā challiṃ uṭṭhapetvā guḷhavessantara-guḷhaummagga-guḷhavinaya-vedallapiṭakānaṃ aññatarato āgatāni paññāyantīti attho. Evaṃ āgatāni hi rāgādivinaye ca na paññāyamānāni chaḍḍetabbāni honti. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘iti hetaṃ, bhikkhave, chaḍḍeyyāthā’’ti. Etenupāyena sabbattha attho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Idaṃ</span><a name="V2.0141"></a>, <span class="bld">bhikkhave, catutthaṃ mahāpadesaṃ dhāreyyāthā</span>ti idaṃ <a name="P2.0567"></a> catutthaṃ dhammassa patiṭṭhānokāsaṃ dhāreyyātha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Imasmiṃ pana ṭhāne imaṃ pakiṇṇakaṃ veditabbaṃ. Sutte cattāro mahāpadesā, khandhake cattāro mahāpadesā, cattāri pañhabyākaraṇāni, suttaṃ, suttānulomaṃ, ācariyavādo, attanomati, tisso saṅgītiyoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha – ‘‘ayaṃ dhammo, ayaṃ vinayo’’ti dhammavinicchaye patte ime cattāro mahāpadesā pamāṇaṃ. Yaṃ ettha sameti tadeva gahetabbaṃ, itaraṃ viravantassapi na gahetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Idaṃ kappati, idaṃ na kappatī’’ti kappiyākappiyavinicchaye patte – ‘‘yaṃ, bhikkhave, mayā idaṃ na kappatīti appaṭikkhittaṃ, taṃ ce akappiyaṃ anulometi, kappiyaṃ paṭibāhati, taṃ vo na kappatī’’tiādinā (mahāva. 305) nayena khandhake vuttā cattāro mahāpadesā pamāṇaṃ. Tesaṃ vinicchayakathā <span class="bld">samantapāsādikāyaṃ</span> vuttā. Tattha vuttanayena yaṃ kappiyaṃ anulometi, tadeva kappiyaṃ, itaraṃ akappiyanti evaṃ sanniṭṭhānaṃ kātabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ekaṃsabyākaraṇīyo pañho, vibhajjabyākaraṇīyo pañho, paṭipucchābyākaraṇīyo pañho, ṭhapanīyo pañhoti imāni <span class="bld">cattāri pañhabyākaraṇāni</span> nāma. Tattha ‘‘cakkhuṃ anicca’’nti puṭṭhena – ‘‘āma anicca’’nti ekaṃseneva byākātabbaṃ<a name="M2.0158"></a>. Esa nayo sotādīsu. Ayaṃ <span class="bld">ekaṃsabyākaraṇīyo</span> pañho. ‘‘Aniccaṃ nāma cakkhu’’nti puṭṭhena – ‘‘na cakkhumeva, sotampi aniccaṃ ghānampi anicca’’nti evaṃ vibhajitvā byākātabbaṃ. Ayaṃ <span class="bld">vibhajjabyākaraṇīyo</span> pañho. ‘‘Yathā cakkhu tathā sotaṃ, yathā sotaṃ tathā cakkhu’’nti puṭṭhena ‘‘kenaṭṭhena pucchasī’’ti paṭipucchitvā ‘‘dassanaṭṭhena pucchāmī’’ti vutte ‘‘na hī’’ti byākātabbaṃ, ‘‘aniccaṭṭhena pucchāmī’’ti vutte āmāti byākātabbaṃ. Ayaṃ <span class="bld">paṭipucchābyākaraṇīyo</span> pañho. ‘‘Taṃ jīvaṃ taṃ sarīra’’ntiādīni puṭṭhena pana ‘‘abyākatametaṃ bhagavatā’’ti ṭhapetabbo, esa pañho na byākātabbo. Ayaṃ <span class="bld">ṭhapanīyo</span> pañho. Iti tenākārena pañhe sampatte imāni cattāri pañhabyākaraṇāni pamāṇaṃ. Imesaṃ vasena so pañho byākātabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Suttādīsu pana <span class="bld">suttaṃ</span> nāma tisso saṅgītiyo ārūḷhāni tīṇi piṭakāni. <span class="bld">Suttānulomaṃ</span> nāma anulomakappiyaṃ. <span class="bld">Ācariyavādo</span> nāma aṭṭhakathā. <span class="bld">Attanomati</span> nāma nayaggāhena <a name="V2.0142"></a> anubuddhiyā attano paṭibhānaṃ. Tattha suttaṃ appaṭibāhiyaṃ, taṃ paṭibāhantena buddhova paṭibāhito hoti. Anulomakappiyaṃ <a name="P2.0568"></a> pana suttena samentameva gahetabbaṃ, na itaraṃ. Ācariyavādopi suttena samentoyeva gahetabbo, na itaro. Attanomati pana sabbadubbalā, sāpi suttena samentāyeva gahetabbā, na itarā. Pañcasatikā, sattasatikā, sahassikāti imā pana <span class="bld">tisso saṅgītiyo.</span> Suttampi tāsu āgatameva pamāṇaṃ, itaraṃ gārayhasuttaṃ na gahetabbaṃ. Tattha otarantānipi hi padabyañjanāni na ceva sutte otaranti, na ca vinaye sandissantīti veditabbāni.</p>
<p class="subhead">Kammāraputtacundavatthuvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para189"></a><a name="para189_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">189</span>. <span class="bld">Kammāraputtassā</span>ti suvaṇṇakāraputtassa. So kira aḍḍho mahākuṭumbiko bhagavato paṭhamadassaneneva sotāpanno hutvā attano ambavane vihāraṃ kārāpetvā niyyātesi. Taṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ – ‘‘ambavane’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sūkaramaddava</span>nti nātitaruṇassa nātijiṇṇassa ekajeṭṭhakasūkarassa pavattamaṃsaṃ. Taṃ kira mudu ceva siniddhañca hoti, taṃ paṭiyādāpetvā sādhukaṃ pacāpetvāti <a name="M2.0159"></a> attho. Eke bhaṇanti – <span class="bld">‘‘sūkaramaddava</span>nti pana muduodanassa pañcagorasayūsapācanavidhānassa nāmetaṃ, yathā gavapānaṃ nāma pākanāma’’nti. Keci bhaṇanti – <span class="bld">‘‘sūkaramaddavaṃ</span> nāma rasāyanavidhi, taṃ pana rasāyanasatthe āgacchati, taṃ cundena – ‘bhagavato parinibbānaṃ na bhaveyyā’ti rasāyanaṃ paṭiyatta’’nti. Tattha pana dvisahassadīpaparivāresu catūsu mahādīpesu devatā ojaṃ pakkhipiṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nāhaṃ ta</span>nti imaṃ sīhanādaṃ kimatthaṃ nadati? Parūpavādamocanatthaṃ. Attanā paribhuttāvasesaṃ neva bhikkhūnaṃ, na manussānaṃ dātuṃ adāsi, āvāṭe nikhaṇāpetvā vināsesīti hi vattukāmānaṃ idaṃ sutvā vacanokāso na bhavissatīti paresaṃ upavādamocanatthaṃ sīhanādaṃ nadatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para190"></a><a name="para190_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">190</span>. <span class="bld">Bhuttassa ca sūkaramaddavenā</span>ti bhuttassa udapādi, na pana bhuttapaccayā. Yadi hi abhuttassa uppajjissatha, atikharo bhavissati. Siniddhabhojanaṃ bhuttattā panassa tanuvedanā ahosi. Teneva padasā gantuṃ asakkhi. <span class="bld">Virecamāno</span>ti abhiṇhaṃ pavattalohitavirecanova samāno<a name="V2.0143"></a>. <span class="bld">Avocā</span>ti attanā patthitaṭṭhāne parinibbānatthāya evamāha. Imā pana dhammasaṅgāhakattherehi ṭhapitagāthāyoti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Pānīyāharaṇavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para191"></a><a name="para191_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">191</span>. <span class="bld">Iṅghā</span>ti codanatthe nipāto. <span class="bld">Acchodakā</span>ti <a name="P2.0569"></a> pasannodakā. <span class="bld">Sātodakā</span>ti madhurodakā. <span class="bld">Sītodakā</span>ti tanusītalasalilā. <span class="bld">Setakā</span>ti nikkaddamā. <span class="bld">Suppatitthā</span>ti sundaratitthā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Pukkusamallaputtavatthuvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para192"></a><a name="para192_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">192</span>. <span class="bld">Pukkuso</span>ti tassa nāmaṃ. <span class="bld">Mallaputto</span>ti mallarājaputto. Mallā kira vārena rajjaṃ kārenti. Yāva nesaṃ vāro na pāpuṇāti, tāva vaṇijjaṃ karonti. Ayampi vaṇijjameva karonto pañca sakaṭasatāni yojāpetvā dhuravāte vāyante purato gacchati, pacchā vāte vāyante satthavāhaṃ purato pesetvā sayaṃ pacchā gacchati. Tadā pana pacchā vāto vāyi, tasmā esa purato satthavāhaṃ pesetvā sabbaratanayāne <a name="M2.0160"></a> nisīditvā kusinārato nikkhamitvā ‘‘pāvaṃ gamissāmī’’ti maggaṃ paṭipajji. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘kusinārāya pāvaṃ addhānamaggappaṭipanno hotī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āḷāro</span>ti tassa nāmaṃ. Dīghapiṅgalo kireso, tenassa āḷāroti nāmaṃ ahosi. <span class="bld">Kālāmo</span>ti gottaṃ. <span class="bld">Yatra hi nāmā</span>ti yo nāma. <span class="bld">Neva dakkhatī</span>ti na addasa. Yatrasaddayuttattā panetaṃ anāgatavasena vuttaṃ. Evarūpañhi īdisesu ṭhānesu saddalakkhaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para193"></a><a name="para193_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">193</span>. <span class="bld">Niccharantīsū</span>ti vicarantīsu. <span class="bld">Asaniyā phalantiyā</span>ti navavidhāya asaniyā bhijjamānāya viya mahāravaṃ ravantiyā. Navavidhā hi asaniyo – asaññā, vicakkā, saterā, gaggarā, kapisīsā, macchavilolikā, kukkuṭakā, daṇḍamaṇikā, sukkhāsanīti. Tattha asaññā asaññaṃ karoti. Vicakkā ekaṃ cakkaṃ karoti. Saterā saterasadisā hutvā patati. Gaggarā gaggarāyamānā patati. Kapisīsā bhamukaṃ ukkhipento makkaṭo viya hoti. Macchavilolikā vilolitamaccho viya hoti. Kukkuṭakā kukkuṭasadisā hutvā patati. Daṇḍamaṇikā naṅgalasadisā hutvā patati. Sukkhāsanī patitaṭṭhānaṃ samugghāṭeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Deve</span> <a name="V2.0144"></a> <span class="bld">vassante</span>ti sukkhagajjitaṃ gajjitvā antarantarā vassante. <span class="bld">Ātumāya</span>nti ātumaṃ nissāya viharāmi. <span class="bld">Bhusāgāre</span>ti khalasālāyaṃ. <span class="bld">Ettheso</span>ti etasmiṃ kāraṇe eso mahājanakāyo sannipatito. <span class="bld">Kva ahosī</span>ti kuhiṃ ahosi. <span class="bld">So taṃ bhante</span>ti so tvaṃ bhante.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para194"></a><a name="para194_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">194</span>. <span class="bld">Siṅgīvaṇṇa</span>nti siṅgīsuvaṇṇavaṇṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Yugamaṭṭha</span>nti <a name="P2.0570"></a> maṭṭhayugaṃ, saṇhasāṭakayugaḷanti attho. <span class="bld">Dhāraṇīya</span>nti antarantarā mayā dhāretabbaṃ, paridahitabbanti attho. Taṃ kira so tathārūpe chaṇadivaseyeva dhāretvā sesakāle nikkhipati. Evaṃ uttamaṃ maṅgalavatthayugaṃ sandhāyāha. <span class="bld">Anukampaṃ upādāyā</span>ti mayi anukampaṃ paṭicca. <span class="bld">Acchādehī</span>ti upacāravacanametaṃ – ekaṃ mayhaṃ dehi, ekaṃ ānandassāti attho. Kiṃ pana thero taṃ gaṇhīti? Āma gaṇhi. Kasmā? Matthakappattakiccattā. Kiñcāpi hesa evarūpaṃ lābhaṃ paṭikkhipitvā upaṭṭhākaṭṭhānaṃ paṭipanno. Taṃ panassa upaṭṭhākakiccaṃ matthakaṃ pattaṃ. Tasmā aggahesi. Ye cāpi evaṃ vadeyyuṃ – ‘‘anārādhako maññe ānando <a name="M2.0161"></a> pañcavīsati vassāni upaṭṭhahantena na kiñci bhagavato santikā tena laddhapubba’’nti. Tesaṃ vacanokāsacchedanatthampi aggahesi. Api ca jānāti bhagavā – ‘‘ānando gahetvāpi attanā na dhāressati, mayhaṃyeva pūjaṃ karissati. Mallaputtena pana ānandaṃ pūjentena saṅghopi pūjito bhavissati, evamassa mahāpuññarāsi bhavissatī’’ti therassa ekaṃ dāpesi. Theropi teneva kāraṇena aggahesīti. <span class="bld">Dhammiyā kathāyā</span>ti vatthānumodanakathāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para195"></a><a name="para195_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">195</span>. <span class="bld">Bhagavato kāyaṃ upanāmita</span>nti nivāsanapārupanavasena allīyāpitaṃ. Bhagavāpi tato ekaṃ nivāsesi, ekaṃ pārupi. <span class="bld">Hataccikaṃ viyā</span>ti yathā hatacciko aṅgāro antanteneva jotati, bahi panassa pabhā natthi, evaṃ bahi paṭicchannappabhaṃ hutvā khāyatīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Imesu kho, ānanda, dvīsupi kālesū</span>ti kasmā imesu dvīsu kālesu evaṃ hoti? Āhāravisesena ceva balavasomanassena ca. Etesu hi dvīsu kālesu sakalacakkavāḷe devatā āhāre ojaṃ pakkhipanti, taṃ paṇītabhojanaṃ kucchiṃ pavisitvā pasannarūpaṃ samuṭṭhāpeti. Āhārasamuṭṭhānarūpassa pasannattā manacchaṭṭhāni indriyāni ativiya virocanti. Sambodhidivase cassa – ‘‘anekakappakoṭisatasahassasañcito vata me kilesarāsi ajja pahīno’’ti āvajjantassa balavasomanassaṃ uppajjati, cittaṃ pasīdati, citte pasanne lohitaṃ pasīdati, lohite pasanne manacchaṭṭhāni indriyāni ativiya virocanti. Parinibbānadivasepi – ‘‘ajja, dānāhaṃ, anekehi <a name="P2.0571"></a> buddhasatasahassehi paviṭṭhaṃ <span class="bld">amatamahānibbānaṃ</span> nāma nagaraṃ pavisissāmī’’ti āvajjantassa <a name="V2.0145"></a> balavasomanassaṃ uppajjati, cittaṃ pasīdati, citte pasanne lohitaṃ pasīdati, lohite pasanne manacchaṭṭhāni indriyāni ativiya virocanti. Iti āhāravisesena ceva balavasomanassena ca imesu dvīsu kālesu evaṃ hotīti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Upavattane</span>ti pācīnato nivattanasālavane. <span class="bld">Antarena yamakasālāna</span>nti yamakasālarukkhānaṃ majjhe.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Siṅgīvaṇṇa</span>nti gāthā saṅgītikāle ṭhapitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para196"></a><a name="para196_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">196</span>. <span class="bld">Nhatvā</span> <a name="M2.0162"></a> <span class="bld">ca pivitvā cā</span>ti ettha tadā kira bhagavati nahāyante antonadiyaṃ macchakacchapā ca ubhatotīresu vanasaṇḍo ca sabbaṃ suvaṇṇavaṇṇameva hoti. <span class="bld">Ambavana</span>nti tassāyeva nadiyā tīre ambavanaṃ. <span class="bld">Āyasmantaṃ cundaka</span>nti tasmiṃ kira khaṇe ānandatthero udakasāṭakaṃ pīḷento ohīyi, cundatthero samīpe ahosi. Taṃ bhagavā āmantesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gantvāna buddho nadikaṃ kakudha</span>nti imāpi gāthā saṅgītikāleyeva ṭhapitā. Tattha <span class="bld">pavattā bhagavā idha dhamme</span>ti bhagavā idha sāsane dhamme pavattā, caturāsīti dhammakkhandhasahassāni pavattānīti attho. <span class="bld">Pamukhe nisīdī</span>ti satthu puratova nisīdi. Ettāvatā ca thero anuppatto. Evaṃ anuppattaṃ atha kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ āmantesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para197"></a><a name="para197_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">197</span>. <span class="bld">Alābhā</span>ti ye aññesaṃ dānānisaṃsasaṅkhātā lābhā honti, te alābhā. <span class="bld">Dulladdha</span>nti puññavisesena laddhampi manussattaṃ dulladdhaṃ. <span class="bld">Yassa te</span>ti yassa tava. Uttaṇḍulaṃ vā atikilinnaṃ vā ko jānāti, kīdisampi pacchimaṃ piṇḍapātaṃ paribhuñjitvā tathāgato parinibbuto, addhā te yaṃ vā taṃ vā dinnaṃ bhavissatīti. <span class="bld">Lābhā</span>ti diṭṭhadhammikasamparāyikadānānisaṃsasaṅkhātā lābhā. <span class="bld">Suladdha</span>nti tuyhaṃ manussattaṃ suladdhaṃ. <span class="bld">Samasamaphalā</span>ti sabbākārena samānaphalā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nanu ca yaṃ sujātāya dinnaṃ piṇḍapātaṃ bhuñjitvā tathāgato abhisambuddho, so sarāgasadosasamohakāle paribhutto, ayaṃ pana cundena dinno vītarāgavītadosavītamohakāle paribhutto, kasmā ete samaphalāti? Parinibbānasamatāya ca samāpattisamatāya ca anussaraṇasamatāya ca. Bhagavā <a name="P2.0572"></a> hi sujātāya dinnaṃ piṇḍapātaṃ paribhuñjitvā saupādisesāya nibbānadhātuyā parinibbuto, cundena dinnaṃ paribhuñjitvā anupādisesāya nibbānadhātuyā parinibbutoti evaṃ <span class="bld">parinibbānasamatāya</span>pi samaphalā. Abhisambujjhanadivase ca catuvīsatikoṭisatasahassasaṅkhyā <a name="V2.0146"></a> samāpattiyo samāpajji, parinibbānadivasepi sabbā tā samāpajjīti evaṃ <span class="bld">samāpattisamatāyapi</span> samaphalā. Sujātā ca aparabhāge assosi – ‘‘na kiresā rukkhadevatā, bodhisatto kiresa, taṃ kira piṇḍapātaṃ paribhuñjitvā anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambuddho<a name="M2.0163"></a>, sattasattāhaṃ kirassa tena yāpanaṃ ahosī’’ti. Tassā idaṃ sutvā – ‘‘lābhā vata me’’ti anussarantiyā balavapītisomanassaṃ udapādi. Cundassāpi aparabhāge – ‘‘avasānapiṇḍapāto kira mayā dinno, dhammasīsaṃ kira me gahitaṃ, mayhaṃ kira piṇḍapātaṃ paribhuñjitvā satthā anupādisesāya nibbānadhātuyā parinibbuto’’ti sutvā ‘‘lābhā vata me’’ti anussarato balavasomanassaṃ udapādīti evaṃ <span class="bld">anussaraṇasamatāya</span>pi samaphalāti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yasasaṃvattanika</span>nti parivārasaṃvattanikaṃ. <span class="bld">Ādhipateyyasaṃvattanika</span>nti jeṭṭhakabhāvasaṃvattanikaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saṃyamato</span>ti sīlasaṃyamena saṃyamantassa, saṃvare ṭhitassāti attho. <span class="bld">Veraṃ na cīyatī</span>ti pañcavidhaṃ veraṃ na vaḍḍhati. <span class="bld">Kusalo ca jahāti pāpaka</span>nti kusalo pana ñāṇasampanno ariyamaggena anavasesaṃ pāpakaṃ lāmakaṃ akusalaṃ jahāti. <span class="bld">Rāgadosamohakkhayā sa nibbuto</span>ti so imaṃ pāpakaṃ jahitvā rāgādīnaṃ khayā kilesanibbānena nibbutoti. Iti cundassa ca dakkhiṇaṃ, attano ca dakkhiṇeyyasampattiṃ sampassamāno udānaṃ udānesīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Catutthabhāṇavāravaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Yamakasālāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para198"></a><a name="para198_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">198</span>. <span class="bld">Mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhi</span>nti idha bhikkhūnaṃ gaṇanaparicchedo natthi. Veḷuvagāme vedanāvikkhambhanato paṭṭhāya hi – ‘‘na cirena bhagavā parinibbāyissatī’’ti sutvā tato tato āgatesu bhikkhūsu ekabhikkhupi pakkanto nāma natthi. Tasmā gaṇanavītivatto saṅgho ahosi. <span class="bld">Upavattanaṃ mallānaṃ sālavana</span>nti yatheva hi kalambanadītīrato rājamātuvihāradvārena thūpārāmaṃ gantabbaṃ <a name="P2.0573"></a> hoti, evaṃ hiraññavatiyā pārimatīrato sālavanuyyānaṃ, yathā anurādhapurassa thūpārāmo, evaṃ taṃ kusinārāyaṃ hoti. Yathā thūpārāmato dakkhiṇadvārena nagaraṃ pavisanamaggo pācīnamukho <a name="V2.0147"></a> gantvā uttarena nivatto, evaṃ uyyānato sālavanaṃ pācīnamukhaṃ gantvā uttarena nivattaṃ. Tasmā taṃ – ‘‘upavattana’’nti vuccati. <span class="bld">Antarena yamakasālānaṃ</span> <a name="M2.0164"></a> <span class="bld">uttarasīsaka</span>nti tassa kira mañcakassa ekā sālapanti sīsabhāge hoti, ekā pādabhāge. Tatrāpi eko taruṇasālo sīsabhāgassa āsanno hoti, eko pādabhāgassa. Api ca <span class="bld">yamakasālā</span> nāma mūlakhandhaviṭapapattehi aññamaññaṃ saṃsibbitvā ṭhitasālāti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Mañcakaṃ paññapehī</span>ti tasmiṃ kira uyyāne rājakulassa sayanamañco atthi, taṃ sandhāya paññapehīti āha. Theropi taṃyeva paññapetvā adāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kilantosmi, ānanda, nipajjissāmī</span>ti tathāgatassa hi –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Gocari kaḷāpo gaṅgeyyo, piṅgalo pabbateyyako;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Hemavato ca tambo ca, mandākini uposatho;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Chaddantoyeva dasamo, ete nāgānamuttamā’’ti. –</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha yaṃ dasannaṃ gocarisaṅkhātānaṃ pakatihatthīnaṃ balaṃ, taṃ ekassa kaḷāpassāti. Evaṃ dasaguṇavaḍḍhitāya gaṇanāya pakatihatthīnaṃ koṭisahassabalappamāṇaṃ balaṃ, taṃ sabbampi cundassa piṇḍapātaṃ paribhuttakālato paṭṭhāya caṅgavāre pakkhittaudakaṃ viya parikkhayaṃ gataṃ. Pāvānagarato tīṇi gāvutāni kusinārānagaraṃ, etasmiṃ antare pañcavīsatiyā ṭhānesu nisīditvā mahatā ussāhena āgacchantopi sūriyassa atthaṅgamitavelāyaṃ sañjhāsamaye bhagavā sālavanaṃ paviṭṭho. Evaṃ rogo sabbaṃ ārogyaṃ maddanto āgacchati. Etamatthaṃ dassento viya sabbalokassa saṃvegakaraṃ vācaṃ bhāsanto – ‘‘kilantosmi, ānanda, nipajjissāmī’’ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kasmā pana bhagavā evaṃ mahantena ussāhena idhāgato, kiṃ aññattha na sakkā parinibbāyitunti? Parinibbāyituṃ nāma na katthaci na sakkā, tīhi pana kāraṇehi idhāgato, idañhi bhagavā evaṃ passati – ‘‘mayi aññattha parinibbāyante mahāsudassanasuttassa atthuppatti na bhavissati, kusinārāyaṃ <a name="P2.0574"></a> pana parinibbāyante yamahaṃ devaloke anubhavitabbaṃ sampattiṃ manussalokeyeva anubhaviṃ, taṃ dvīhi bhāṇavārehi maṇḍetvā desessāmi, taṃ me sutvā bahū janā kusalaṃ kātabbaṃ maññissantī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparampi <a name="M2.0165"></a> passati – ‘‘maṃ aññattha parinibbāyantaṃ subhaddo na passissati, so ca buddhaveneyyo<a name="V2.0148"></a>, na sāvakaveneyyo; na taṃ sāvakā vinetuṃ sakkonti. Kusinārāyaṃ parinibbāyantaṃ pana maṃ so upasaṅkamitvā pañhaṃ pucchissati, pañhāvissajjanapariyosāne ca saraṇesu patiṭṭhāya mama santike pabbajjañca upasampadañca labhitvā kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā mayi dharamāneyeva arahattaṃ patvā pacchimasāvako bhavissatī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparampi passati – ‘‘mayi aññattha parinibbāyante dhātubhājanīye mahākalaho bhavissati, lohitaṃ nadī viya sandissati. Kusinārāyaṃ parinibbute doṇabrāhmaṇo taṃ vivādaṃ vūpasametvā dhātuyo vibhajissatī’’ti. Imehi tīhi kāraṇehi bhagavā evaṃ mahantena ussāhena idhāgatoti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sīhaseyya</span>nti ettha kāmabhogīseyyā, petaseyyā, sīhaseyyā, tathāgataseyyāti catasso seyyā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha – ‘‘yebhuyyena, bhikkhave, kāmabhogī sattā vāmena passena sentī’’ti ayaṃ <span class="bld">kāmabhogīseyyā.</span> Tesu hi yebhuyyena dakkhiṇena passena sayantā nāma natthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Yebhuyyena, bhikkhave, petā uttānā sentī’’ti ayaṃ <span class="bld">petaseyyā.</span> Appamaṃsalohitattā hi petā aṭṭhisaṅghāṭajaṭitā ekena passena sayituṃ na sakkonti, uttānāva senti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Sīho, bhikkhave, migarājā dakkhiṇena passena seyyaṃ kappeti…pe… attamano hotī’’ti (a. ni. 4.246) ayaṃ <span class="bld">sīhaseyyā.</span> Tejussadattā hi sīho migarājā dve purimapāde ekasmiṃ ṭhāne, pacchimapāde ekasmiṃ ṭhāne ṭhapetvā naṅguṭṭhaṃ antarasatthimhi pakkhipitvā purimapādapacchimapādanaṅguṭṭhānaṃ ṭhitokāsaṃ sallakkhetvā dvinnaṃ purimapādānaṃ matthake sīsaṃ ṭhapetvā sayati. Divasaṃ sayitvāpi pabujjhamāno na utrasanto pabujjhati, sīsaṃ pana ukkhipitvā purimapādādīnaṃ ṭhitokāsaṃ sallakkheti. Sace kiñci ṭhānaṃ vijahitvā ṭhitaṃ hoti – ‘‘na yidaṃ tuyhaṃ jātiyā sūrabhāvassa ca anurūpa’’nti anattamano hutvā tattheva sayati, na gocarāya pakkamati. Avijahitvā ṭhite pana <a name="P2.0575"></a> – ‘‘tuyhaṃ jātiyā ca sūrabhāvassa ca anurūpamida’’nti haṭṭhatuṭṭho uṭṭhāya sīhavijambhitaṃ <a name="M2.0166"></a> vijambhitvā kesarabhāraṃ vidhunitvā tikkhattuṃ sīhanādaṃ naditvā gocarāya pakkamati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Catutthajjhānaseyyā <a name="V2.0149"></a> pana <span class="bld">tathāgatassa seyyā</span>ti vuccati’’ (a. ni. 4.246). Tāsu idha sīhaseyyā āgatā. Ayañhi tejussadairiyāpathattā uttamaseyyā nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pāde pāda</span>nti dakkhiṇapāde vāmapādaṃ. <span class="bld">Accādhāyā</span>ti atiādhāya, īsakaṃ atikkamma ṭhapetvā. Gopphakena hi gopphake, jāṇunā vā jāṇumhi saṅghaṭṭiyamāne abhiṇhaṃ vedanā uppajjati, cittaṃ ekaggaṃ na hoti, seyyā aphāsukā hoti. Yathā pana na saṅghaṭṭeti, evaṃ atikkamma ṭhapite vedanā nuppajjati, cittaṃ ekaggaṃ hoti, seyyā phāsu hoti. Tasmā evaṃ nipajji. Anuṭṭhānaseyyaṃ upagatattā panettha – ‘‘uṭṭhānasaññaṃ manasi karitvā’’ti na vuttaṃ. Kāyavasena cettha anuṭṭhānaṃ veditabbaṃ, niddāvasena pana taṃ rattiṃ bhagavato bhavaṅgassa okāsoyeva nāhosi. Paṭhamayāmasmiñhi mallānaṃ dhammadesanā ahosi, majjhimayāme subhaddassa pacchimayāme bhikkhusaṅghaṃ ovadi, balavapaccūse parinibbāyi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbaphāliphullā</span>ti sabbe samantato pupphitā mūlato paṭṭhāya yāva aggā ekacchannā ahesuṃ, na kevalañca yamakasālāyeva, sabbepi rukkhā sabbapāliphullāva ahesuṃ. Na kevalañhi tasmiṃyeva uyyāne, sakalañhipi dasasahassacakkavāḷe pupphūpagā pupphaṃ gaṇhiṃsu, phalūpagā phalaṃ gaṇhiṃsu, sabbarukkhānaṃ khandhesu khandhapadumāni, sākhāsu sākhāpadumāni, vallīsu vallipadumāni, ākāsesu ākāsapadumāni pathavītalaṃ bhinditvā daṇḍapadumāni pupphiṃsu. Sabbo mahāsamuddo pañcavaṇṇapadumasañchanno ahosi. Tiyojanasahassavitthato himavā ghanabaddhamorapiñchakalāpo viya, nirantaraṃ mālādāmagavacchiko viya, suṭṭhu pīḷetvā ābaddhapupphavaṭaṃsako viya, supūritaṃ pupphacaṅkoṭakaṃ viya ca atiramaṇīyo ahosi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Te tathāgatassa sarīraṃ okirantī</span>ti te yamakasālā bhummadevatāhi sañcalitakhandhasākhaviṭapā tathāgatassa sarīraṃ avakiranti, sarīrassa upari pupphāni vikirantīti attho. <span class="bld">Ajjhokirantī</span>ti ajjhottharantā viya kiranti. <span class="bld">Abhippakirantī</span>ti abhiṇhaṃ punappunaṃ pakirantiyeva. <span class="bld">Dibbānī</span>ti <a name="M2.0167"></a> devaloke nandapokkharaṇīsambhavāni, tāni honti <a name="P2.0576"></a> suvaṇṇavaṇṇāni paṇṇacchattappamāṇapattāni, mahātumbamattaṃ reṇuṃ gaṇhanti. Na kevalañca mandāravapupphāneva, aññānipi pana dibbāni pāricchattakakoviḷārapupphādīni suvaṇṇacaṅkoṭakāni pūretvā cakkavāḷamukhavaṭṭiyampi tidasapurepi brahmalokepi ṭhitāhi devatāhi paviṭṭhāni, antalikkhā patanti. <span class="bld">Tathāgatassa sarīra</span>nti antarā avikiṇṇāneva āgantvā pattakiñjakkhareṇucuṇṇehi tathāgatassa sarīrameva okiranti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dibbānipi</span> <a name="V2.0150"></a> <span class="bld">candanacuṇṇānī</span>ti devatānaṃ upakappanacandanacuṇṇāni. Na kevalañca devatānaṃyeva, nāgasupaṇṇamanussānampi upakappanacandanacuṇṇāni. Na kevalañca candanacuṇṇāneva, kāḷānusārikalohitacandanādisabbadibbagandhajālacuṇṇāni, haritālaañjanasuvaṇṇarajatacuṇṇāni sabbadibbagandhavāsavikatiyo suvaṇṇarajatādisamugge pūretvā cakkavāḷamukhavaṭṭiādīsu ṭhitāhi devatāhi paviṭṭhāni antarā avippakiritvā tathāgatasseva sarīraṃ okiranti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dibbānipi tūriyānī</span>ti devatānaṃ upakappanatūriyāni. Na kevalañca tāniyeva, sabbānipi tantibaddhacammapariyonaddhaghanasusirabhedāni dasasahassacakkavāḷesu devanāgasupaṇṇamanussānaṃ tūriyāni ekacakkavāḷe sannipatitvā antalikkhe vajjantīti veditabbāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dibbānipi saṅgītānī</span>ti varuṇavāraṇadevatā kira nāmetā dīghāyukā devatā – ‘‘mahāpuriso manussapathe nibbattitvā buddho bhavissatī’’ti sutvā ‘‘paṭisandhiggahaṇadivase naṃ gahetvā gamissāmā’’ti mālaṃ ganthetumārabhiṃsu. Tā ganthamānāva – ‘‘mahāpuriso mātukucchiyaṃ nibbatto’’ti sutvā ‘‘tumhe kassa ganthathā’’ti vuttā ‘‘na tāva niṭṭhāti, kucchito nikkhamanadivase gaṇhitvā gamissāmā’’ti āhaṃsu. Punapi ‘‘nikkhanto’’ti sutvā ‘‘mahābhinikkhamanadivase gamissāmā’’ti. Ekūnatiṃsavassāni ghare vasitvā ‘‘ajja mahābhinikkhamanaṃ nikkhanto’’tipi sutvā ‘‘abhisambodhidivase gamissāmā’’ti. Chabbassāni padhānaṃ katvā ‘‘ajja abhisambuddho’’tipi sutvā ‘‘dhammacakkappavattanadivase gamissāmā’’ti. ‘‘Sattasattāhāni bodhimaṇḍe vītināmetvā <a name="P2.0577"></a> isipatanaṃ gantvā dhammacakkaṃ pavattita’’ntipi sutvā ‘‘yamakapāṭihāriyadivase gamissāmā’’ti. ‘‘Ajja yamakapāṭihāriyaṃ karī’’tipi <a name="M2.0168"></a> sutvā ‘‘devorohaṇadivase gamissāmā’’ti. ‘‘Ajja devorohaṇaṃ karī’’tipi sutvā ‘‘āyusaṅkhārossajjane gamissāmā’’ti. ‘‘Ajja āyusaṅkhāraṃ ossajī’’tipi sutvā ‘‘na tāva niṭṭhāti, parinibbānadivase gamissāmā’’ti. ‘‘Ajja bhagavā yamakasālānamantare dakkhiṇena passena sato sampajāno sīhaseyyaṃ upagato balavapaccūsasamaye parinibbāyissati. Tumhe kassa ganthathā’’ti sutvā pana – ‘‘kinnāmetaṃ, ‘ajjeva mātukucchiyaṃ paṭisandhiṃ gaṇhi, ajjeva mātukucchito nikkhami, ajjeva mahābhinikkhamanaṃ nikkhami, ajjeva buddho ahosi, ajjeva dhammacakkaṃ pavattayi, ajjeva yamakapāṭihāriyaṃ akāsi, ajjeva devalokā otiṇṇo, ajjeva āyusaṅkhāraṃ ossaji, ajjeva kira parinibbāyissatī’ti. Nanu nāma dutiyadivase yāgupānakālamattampi ṭhātabbaṃ assa. Dasa pāramiyo pūretvā buddhattaṃ pattassa nāma ananucchavikameta’’nti apariniṭṭhitāva mālāyo gahetvā āgamma anto cakkavāḷe <a name="V2.0151"></a> okāsaṃ alabhamānā cakkavāḷamukhavaṭṭiyaṃ lambitvā cakkavāḷamukhavaṭṭiyāva ādhāvantiyo hatthena hatthaṃ gīvāya gīvaṃ gahetvā tīṇi ratanāni ārabbha dvattiṃsa mahāpurisalakkhaṇāni chabbaṇṇarasmiyo dasa pāramiyo aḍḍhachaṭṭhāni jātakasatāni cuddasa buddhañāṇāni ārabbha gāyitvā tassa tassa avasāne ‘‘mahāyaso, mahāyaso’’ti vadanti. Idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ – ‘‘dibbānipi saṅgītāni antalikkhe vattanti tathāgatassa pūjāyā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para199"></a><a name="para199_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">199</span>. Bhagavā pana yamakasālānaṃ antarā dakkhiṇena passena nipannoyeva pathavītalato yāva cakkavāḷamukhavaṭṭiyā, cakkavāḷamukhavaṭṭito ca yāva brahmalokā sannipatitāya parisāya mahantaṃ ussāhaṃ disvā āyasmato ānandassa ārocesi. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘atha kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ…pe… tathāgatassa pūjāyā’’ti. Evaṃ mahāsakkāraṃ dassetvā tenāpi attano asakkatabhāvameva dassanto <span class="bld">na kho, ānanda, ettāvatā</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – ‘‘ānanda, mayā dīpaṅkarapādamūle nipannena aṭṭha dhamme samodhānetvā abhinīhāraṃ karontena <a name="P2.0578"></a> na mālāgandhatūriyasaṅgītānaṃ atthāya abhinīhāro kato, na etadatthāya pāramiyo pūritā. Tasmā na kho ahaṃ etāya pūjāya pūjito nāma homī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kasmā <a name="M2.0169"></a> pana bhagavā aññattha ekaṃ umāpupphamattampi gahetvā buddhaguṇe āvajjetvā katāya pūjāya buddhañāṇenāpi aparicchinnaṃ vipākaṃ vaṇṇetvā idha evaṃ mahantaṃ pūjaṃ paṭikkhipatīti? Parisānuggahena ceva sāsanassa ca ciraṭṭhitikāmatāya. Sace hi bhagavā evaṃ na paṭikkhipeyya, anāgate sīlassa āgataṭṭhāne sīlaṃ na paripūressanti, samādhissa āgataṭṭhāne samādhiṃ na paripūressanti, vipassanāya āgataṭṭhāne vipassanāgabbhaṃ na gāhāpessanti. Upaṭṭhāke samādapetvā pūjaṃyeva kārentā viharissanti. Āmisapūjā ca nāmesā sāsanaṃ ekadivasampi ekayāgupānakālamattampi sandhāretuṃ na sakkoti. Mahāvihārasadisañhi vihārasahassaṃ mahācetiyasadisañca cetiyasahassampi sāsanaṃ dhāretuṃ na sakkonti. Yena kammaṃ kataṃ, tasseva hoti. Sammāpaṭipatti pana tathāgatassa anucchavikā pūjā. Sā hi tena patthitā ceva, sakkoti sāsanañca sandhāretuṃ, tasmā taṃ dassento <span class="bld">yo kho ānandā</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">dhammānudhammappaṭipanno</span>ti navavidhassa lokuttaradhammassa anudhammaṃ pubbabhāgapaṭipadaṃ paṭipanno<a name="V2.0152"></a>. Sāyeva pana paṭipadā anucchavikattā ‘‘sāmīcī’’ti vuccati. Taṃ sāmīciṃ paṭipannoti <span class="bld">sāmīcippaṭipanno.</span> Tameva pubbabhāgapaṭipadāsaṅkhātaṃ anudhammaṃ carati pūretīti <span class="bld">anudhammacārī.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pubbabhāgapaṭipadā</span>ti ca sīlaṃ ācārapaññatti dhutaṅgasamādānaṃ yāva gotrabhuto sammāpaṭipadā veditabbā. Tasmā yo bhikkhu chasu agāravesu patiṭṭhāya paññattiṃ atikkamati, anesanāya jīvikaṃ kappeti, ayaṃ na dhammānudhammappaṭipanno. Yo pana sabbaṃ attano paññattaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ jinavelaṃ jinamariyādaṃ jinakāḷasuttaṃ aṇumattampi na vītikkamati, ayaṃ dhammānudhammappaṭipanno nāma. Bhikkhuniyāpi eseva nayo. Yo upāsako pañca verāni dasa akusalakammapathe samādāya vattati appeti, ayaṃ na dhammānudhammappaṭipanno. Yo pana tīsu saraṇesu, pañcasupi sīlesu, dasasu sīlesu paripūrakārī hoti, māsassa aṭṭha uposathe karoti, dānaṃ deti, gandhapūjaṃ mālāpūjaṃ karoti, mātaraṃ pitaraṃ <a name="P2.0579"></a> upaṭṭhāti, dhammike samaṇabrāhmaṇe upaṭṭhāti, ayaṃ dhammānudhammappaṭipanno nāma. Upāsikāyapi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paramāya</span> <a name="M2.0170"></a> <span class="bld">pūjāyā</span>ti uttamāya pūjāya. Ayañhi nirāmisapūjā nāma sakkoti mama sāsanaṃ sandhāretuṃ. Yāva hi imā catasso parisā maṃ imāya pūjessanti, tāva mama sāsanaṃ majjhe nabhassa puṇṇacando viya virocissatīti dasseti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Upavāṇattheravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para200"></a><a name="para200_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">200</span>. <span class="bld">Apasāresī</span>ti apanesi. <span class="bld">Apehī</span>ti apagaccha. Thero ekavacaneneva tālavaṇṭaṃ nikkhipitvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. <span class="bld">Upaṭṭhāko</span>tiādi paṭhamabodhiyaṃ anibaddhupaṭṭhākabhāvaṃ sandhāyāha. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ, bhante, āyasmā upavāṇo</span>ti evaṃ therena vutte ānando upavāṇassa sadosabhāvaṃ sallakkheti, ‘handassa niddosabhāvaṃ kathessāmī’ti bhagavā <span class="bld">yebhuyyena ānandā</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">yebhuyyenā</span>ti idaṃ asaññasattānañceva arūpadevatānañca ohīnabhāvaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Apphuṭo</span>ti asamphuṭṭho abharito vā. Bhagavato kira āsannapadese vālaggamatte okāse sukhumattabhāvaṃ māpetvā dasa dasa mahesakkhā devatā aṭṭhaṃsu. Tāsaṃ parato vīsati vīsati. Tāsaṃ parato tiṃsati tiṃsati. Tāsaṃ parato cattālīsaṃ cattālīsaṃ. Tāsaṃ parato paññāsaṃ paññāsaṃ. Tāsaṃ parato saṭṭhi saṭṭhi devatā aṭṭhaṃsu. Tā aññamaññaṃ hatthena vā pādena vā vatthena vā na byābādhenti. ‘‘Apehi maṃ, mā ghaṭṭehī’’ti vattabbākāraṃ nāma natthi. ‘‘Tā <a name="V2.0153"></a> kho pana devatāyo dasapi hutvā vīsatipi hutvā tiṃsampi hutvā cattālīsampi hutvā paññāsampi hutvā āraggakoṭinitudanamattepi tiṭṭhanti, na ca aññamaññaṃ byābādhentī’’ti (a. ni. 1.37) vuttasadisāva ahesuṃ. <span class="bld">Ovārento</span>ti āvārento. Thero kira pakatiyāpi mahāsarīro hatthipotakasadiso. So paṃsukūlacīvaraṃ pārupitvā atimahā viya ahosi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tathāgataṃ dassanāyā</span>ti bhagavato mukhaṃ daṭṭhuṃ alabhamānā evaṃ ujjhāyiṃsu. Kiṃ pana tā theraṃ vinivijjha passituṃ na sakkontīti? Āma, na sakkonti. Devatā hi puthujjane vinivijjha passituṃ sakkonti, na khīṇāsave. Therassa ca mahesakkhatāya <a name="P2.0580"></a> tejussadatāya upagantumpi na sakkonti. Kasmā <a name="M2.0171"></a> pana therova tejussado, na aññe arahantoti? Yasmā kassapabuddhassa cetiye ārakkhadevatā ahosi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vipassimhi kira sammāsambuddhe parinibbute ekagghanasuvaṇṇakkhandhasadisassa dhātusarīrassa ekameva cetiyaṃ akaṃsu, dīghāyukabuddhānañhi ekameva cetiyaṃ hoti. Taṃ manussā ratanāyāmāhi vidatthivitthatāhi dvaṅgulabahalāhi suvaṇṇiṭṭhakāhi haritālena ca manosilāya ca mattikākiccaṃ tilateleneva udakakiccaṃ sādhetvā yojanappamāṇaṃ uṭṭhapesuṃ. Tato bhummā devatā yojanappamāṇaṃ, tato ākāsaṭṭhakadevatā, tato uṇhavalāhakadevatā, tato abbhavalāhakadevatā, tato cātumahārājikā devatā, tato tāvatiṃsā devatā yojanappamāṇaṃ uṭṭhapesunti evaṃ sattayojanikaṃ cetiyaṃ ahosi. Manussesu mālāgandhavatthādīni gahetvā āgatesu ārakkhadevatā gahetvā tesaṃ passantānaṃyeva cetiyaṃ pūjesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tadā ayaṃ thero brāhmaṇamahāsālo hutvā ekaṃ pītakaṃ vatthaṃ ādāya gato. Devatā tassa hatthato vatthaṃ gahetvā cetiyaṃ pūjesi. Brāhmaṇo taṃ disvā pasannacitto ‘‘ahampi anāgate evarūpassa buddhassa cetiye ārakkhadevatā homī’’ti patthanaṃ katvā tato cuto devaloke nibbatti. Tassa devaloke ca manussaloke ca saṃsarantasseva kassapo bhagavā loke uppajjitvā parinibbāyi. Tassāpi ekameva dhātusarīraṃ ahosi. Taṃ gahetvā yojanikaṃ cetiyaṃ kāresuṃ. So tattha ārakkhadevatā hutvā sāsane antarahite sagge nibbattitvā amhākaṃ bhagavato kāle tato cuto mahākule paṭisandhiṃ gahetvā nikkhamma pabbajitvā arahattaṃ patto. Iti cetiye ārakkhadevatā hutvā āgatattā thero tejussadoti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Devatā</span><a name="V2.0154"></a>, <span class="bld">ānanda, ujjhāyantī</span>ti iti ānanda, devatā ujjhāyanti, na mayhaṃ puttassa añño koci doso atthīti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para201"></a><a name="para201_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">201</span>. <span class="bld">Kathaṃbhūtā pana, bhante</span>ti kasmā āha? Bhagavā tumhe – ‘‘devatā ujjhāyantī’’ti vadatha, kathaṃ bhūtā pana tā tumhe manasi karotha<a name="M2.0172"></a>, kiṃ tumhākaṃ parinibbānaṃ adhivāsentīti pucchati. Atha bhagavā – ‘‘nāhaṃ adhivāsanakāraṇaṃ vadāmī’’ti tāsaṃ anadhivāsanabhāvaṃ dassento <span class="bld">santānandā</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="P2.0581"></a> <span class="bld">ākāse pathavīsaññiniyo</span>ti ākāse pathaviṃ māpetvā tattha pathavīsaññiniyo. <span class="bld">Kandantī</span>ti rodanti. <span class="bld">Chinnapātaṃ papatantī</span>ti majjhe chinnā viya hutvā yato vā tato vā papatanti. <span class="bld">Āvaṭṭantī</span>ti āvaṭṭantiyo patitaṭṭhānameva āgacchanti. <span class="bld">Vivaṭṭantī</span>ti patitaṭṭhānato parabhāgaṃ vaṭṭamānā gacchanti. Apica dve pāde pasāretvā sakiṃ purato sakiṃ pacchato sakiṃ vāmato sakiṃ dakkhiṇato saṃparivattamānāpi – ‘‘āvaṭṭanti vivaṭṭantī’’ti vuccanti. <span class="bld">Santānanda, devatā pathaviyaṃ pathavīsaññiniyo</span>ti pakatipathavī kira devatā dhāretuṃ na sakkoti. Tattha hatthako brahmā viya devatā osīdanti. Tenāha bhagavā – ‘‘oḷārikaṃ hatthaka, attabhāvaṃ abhinimmināhī’’ti (a. ni. 3.128). Tasmā yā devatā pathaviyaṃ pathaviṃ māpesuṃ, tā sandhāyetaṃ vuttaṃ – ‘‘pathaviyaṃ pathavīsaññiniyo’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vītarāgā</span>ti pahīnadomanassā silāthambhasadisā anāgāmikhīṇāsavadevatā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Catusaṃvejanīyaṭhānavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para202"></a><a name="para202_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">202</span>. <span class="bld">Vassaṃvuṭṭhā</span>ti buddhakāle kira dvīsu kālesu bhikkhū sannipatanti upakaṭṭhāya vassūpanāyikāya kammaṭṭhānaggahaṇatthaṃ, vuṭṭhavassā ca gahitakammaṭṭhānānuyogena nibbattitavisesārocanatthaṃ. Yathā ca buddhakāle, evaṃ tambapaṇṇidīpepi apāragaṅgāya bhikkhū lohapāsāde sannipatiṃsu, pāragaṅgāya bhikkhū tissamahāvihāre. Tesu apāragaṅgāya bhikkhū saṅkārachaḍḍakasammajjaniyo gahetvā āgantvā mahāvihāre sannipatitvā cetiye sudhākammaṃ katvā – ‘‘vuṭṭhavassā āgantvā lohapāsāde sannipatathā’’ti vattaṃ katvā phāsukaṭṭhānesu vasitvā vuṭṭhavassā āgantvā lohapāsāde pañcanikāyamaṇḍale, yesaṃ pāḷi paguṇā, te pāḷiṃ sajjhāyanti. Yesaṃ aṭṭhakathā paguṇā, te aṭṭhakathaṃ sajjhāyanti. <a name="M2.0173"></a> Yo pāḷiṃ vā aṭṭhakathaṃ vā virādheti<a name="V2.0155"></a>, taṃ – ‘‘kassa santike tayā gahita’’nti vicāretvā ujuṃ katvā gāhāpenti. Pāragaṅgāvāsinopi tissamahāvihāre evameva karonti. Evaṃ dvīsu kālesu sannipatitesu bhikkhūsu ye pure vassūpanāyikāya kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā gatā visesārocanatthaṃ āgacchanti, evarūpe sandhāya ‘‘pubbe bhante vassaṃvuṭṭhā’’tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Manobhāvanīye</span>ti manasā bhāvite sambhāvite. Ye vā mano manaṃ bhāventi vaḍḍhenti rāgarajādīni pavāhenti, evarūpeti attho. Thero <a name="P2.0582"></a> kira vattasampanno mahallakaṃ bhikkhuṃ disvā thaddho hutvā na nisīdati, paccuggamanaṃ katvā hatthato chattañca pattacīvarañca gahetvā pīṭhaṃ papphoṭetvā deti, tattha nisinnassa vattaṃ katvā senāsanaṃ paṭijaggitvā deti. Navakaṃ bhikkhuṃ disvā tuṇhībhūto na nisīdati, samīpe ṭhatvā vattaṃ karoti. So tāya vattapaṭipattiyā aparihāniṃ patthayamāno evamāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha bhagavā – ‘‘ānando manobhāvanīyānaṃ dassanaṃ na labhissāmī’’ti cinteti, handassa, manobhāvanīyānaṃ dassanaṭṭhānaṃ ācikkhissāmi, yattha vasanto ito cito ca anāhiṇḍitvāva lacchati manobhāvanīye bhikkhū dassanāyāti cintetvā <span class="bld">cattārimānī</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">saddhassā</span>ti buddhādīsu pasannacittassa vattasampannassa, yassa pāto paṭṭhāya cetiyaṅgaṇavattādīni sabbavattāni katāneva paññāyanti. <span class="bld">Dassanīyānī</span>ti dassanārahāni dassanatthāya gantabbāni. <span class="bld">Saṃvejanīyānī</span>ti saṃvegajanakāni. <span class="bld">Ṭhānānī</span>ti kāraṇāni, padesaṭhānāneva vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ye hi kecī</span>ti idaṃ cetiyacārikāya satthakabhāvadassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">cetiyacārikaṃ āhiṇḍantā</span>ti ye ca tāva tattha tattha cetiyaṅgaṇaṃ sammajjantā, āsanāni dhovantā bodhimhi udakaṃ siñcantā āhiṇḍanti, tesu vattabbameva natthi asukavihāre ‘‘cetiyaṃ vandissāmā’’ti nikkhamitvā pasannacittā antarā kālaṅkarontāpi anantarāyena sagge patiṭṭhahissanti yevāti dasseti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Ānandapucchākathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para203"></a><a name="para203_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">203</span>. <span class="bld">Adassanaṃ</span><a name="V2.0156"></a><a name="M2.0174"></a>, <span class="bld">ānandā</span>ti yadetaṃ mātugāmassa adassanaṃ, ayamettha uttamā paṭipattīti dasseti. Dvāraṃ pidahitvā senāsane nisinno hi bhikkhu āgantvā dvāre ṭhitampi mātugāmaṃ yāva na passati, tāvassa ekaṃseneva na lobho uppajjati, na cittaṃ calati. Dassane pana satiyeva tadubhayampi assa. Tenāha – ‘‘adassanaṃ ānandā’’ti. <span class="bld">Dassane bhagavā sati katha</span>nti bhikkhaṃ gahetvā upagataṭṭhānādīsu dassane sati kathaṃ paṭipajjitabbanti pucchati. Atha bhagavā yasmā khaggaṃ gahetvā – ‘‘sace mayā saddhiṃ ālapasi, ettheva te sīsaṃ pātessāmī’’ti ṭhitapurisena vā, ‘‘sace mayā saddhiṃ ālapasi, ettheva te maṃsaṃ murumurāpetvā khādissāmī’’ti <a name="P2.0583"></a> ṭhitayakkhiniyā vā ālapituṃ varaṃ. Ekasseva hi attabhāvassa tappaccayā vināso hoti, na apāyesu aparicchinnadukkhānubhavanaṃ. Mātugāmena pana ālāpasallāpe sati vissāso hoti, vissāse sati otāro hoti, otiṇṇacitto sīlabyasanaṃ patvā apāyapūrako hoti; tasmā <span class="bld">anālāpo</span>ti āha. Vuttampi cetaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Sallape asihatthena, pisācenāpi sallape;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Āsīvisampi āsīde, yena daṭṭho na jīvati;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Na tveva eko ekāya, mātugāmena sallape’’ti. (a. ni. 5.55);</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ālapantena panā</span>ti sace mātugāmo divasaṃ vā pucchati, sīlaṃ vā yācati, dhammaṃ vā sotukāmo hoti, pañhaṃ vā pucchati, tathārūpaṃ vā panassa pabbajitehi kattabbakammaṃ hoti, evarūpe kāle anālapantaṃ ‘‘mūgo ayaṃ, badhiro ayaṃ, bhutvāva baddhamukho nisīdatī’’ti vadati, tasmā avassaṃ ālapitabbaṃ hoti. Evaṃ ālapantena pana kathaṃ paṭipajjitabbanti pucchati. Atha bhagavā – ‘‘etha tumhe, bhikkhave, mātumattīsu mātucittaṃ upaṭṭhapetha, bhaginimattīsu bhaginicittaṃ upaṭṭhapetha, dhītumattīsu dhītucittaṃ upaṭṭhapethā’’ti (saṃ. ni. 4.127) imaṃ ovādaṃ sandhāya <span class="bld">sati, ānanda, upaṭṭhapetabbā</span>ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para204"></a><a name="para204_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">204</span>. <span class="bld">Abyāvaṭā</span>ti atantibaddhā nirussukkā hotha. <span class="bld">Sāratthe ghaṭathā</span>ti uttamatthe arahatte ghaṭetha. <span class="bld">Anuyuñjathā</span>ti tadadhigamāya anuyogaṃ <a name="M2.0175"></a> karotha. <span class="bld">Appamattā</span>ti tattha avippamuṭṭhasatī. Vīriyātāpayogena <span class="bld">ātāpino.</span> Kāye ca jīvite ca nirapekkhatāya <span class="bld">pahitattā</span> pesitacittā viharatha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para205"></a><a name="para205_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">205</span>. <span class="bld">Kathaṃ</span> <a name="V2.0157"></a> <span class="bld">pana, bhante</span>ti tehi khattiyapaṇḍitādīhi kathaṃ paṭipajjitabbaṃ. Addhā maṃ te paṭipucchissanti – ‘‘kathaṃ, bhante, ānanda tathāgatassa sarīre paṭipajjitabba’’nti; ‘‘tesāhaṃ kathaṃ paṭivacanaṃ demī’’ti pucchati. <span class="bld">Ahatena vatthenā</span>ti navena kāsikavatthena. <span class="bld">Vihatena kappāsenā</span>ti supothitena kappāsena. Kāsikavatthañhi sukhumattā telaṃ na gaṇhāti, kappāso pana gaṇhāti. Tasmā ‘‘vihatena kappāsenā’’ti āha. <span class="bld">Āyasāyā</span>ti sovaṇṇāya. Sovaṇṇañhi idha ‘‘ayasa’’nti adhippetaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Thūpārahapuggalavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para206"></a><a name="para206_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">206</span>. <span class="bld">Rājā cakkavattī</span>ti ettha kasmā bhagavā agāramajjhe vasitvā kālaṅkatassa rañño thūpārahataṃ anujānāti, na sīlavato puthujjanassa bhikkhussāti? Anacchariyattā. Puthujjanabhikkhūnañhi <a name="P2.0584"></a> thūpe anuññāyamāne tambapaṇṇidīpe tāva thūpānaṃ okāso na bhaveyya, tathā aññesu ṭhānesu. Tasmā ‘‘anacchariyā te bhavissantī’’ti nānujānāti. Rājā cakkavattī ekova nibbattati, tenassa thūpo acchariyo hoti. Puthujjanasīlavato pana parinibbutabhikkhuno viya mahantampi sakkāraṃ kātuṃ vaṭṭatiyeva.</p>
<p class="subhead">Ānandaacchariyadhammavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para207"></a><a name="para207_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">207</span>. <span class="bld">Vihāra</span>nti idha maṇḍalamālo vihāroti adhippeto, taṃ pavisitvā. <span class="bld">Kapisīsa</span>nti dvārabāhakoṭiyaṃ ṭhitaṃ aggaḷarukkhaṃ. <span class="bld">Rodamāno aṭṭhāsī</span>ti so kirāyasmā cintesi – ‘‘satthārā mama saṃvegajanakaṃ vasanaṭṭhānaṃ kathitaṃ, cetiyacārikāya sātthakabhāvo kathito, mātugāme paṭipajjitabbapañho vissajjito, attano sarīre paṭipatti akkhātā, cattāro thūpārahā kathitā, dhuvaṃ ajja bhagavā parinibbāyissatī’’ti, tassevaṃ cintayato balavadomanassaṃ uppajji. Athassa etadahosi – ‘‘bhagavato santike rodanaṃ nāma aphāsukaṃ, ekamantaṃ gantvā <a name="M2.0176"></a> sokaṃ tanukaṃ karissāmī’’ti, so tathā akāsi. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘rodamāno aṭṭhāsī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ahañca vatamhī</span>ti ahañca vata amhi, ahaṃ vatamhītipi pāṭho. <span class="bld">Yo mama anukampako</span>ti yo maṃ anukampati anusāsati, sve dāni paṭṭhāya kassa mukhadhovanaṃ dassāmi, kassa pāde dhovissāmi, kassa senāsanaṃ paṭijaggissāmi, kassa pattacīvaraṃ gahetvā vicarissāmīti bahuṃ vilapi. <span class="bld">Āmantesī</span>ti bhikkhusaṅghassa antare theraṃ adisvā āmantesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mettena</span> <a name="V2.0158"></a> <span class="bld">kāyakammenā</span>ti mettacittavasena pavattitena mukhadhovanadānādikāyakammena. <span class="bld">Hitenā</span>ti hitavuddhiyā katena. <span class="bld">Sukhenā</span>ti sukhasomanasseneva katena, na dukkhinā dummanena hutvāti attho. <span class="bld">Advayenā</span>ti dve koṭṭhāse katvā akatena. Yathā hi eko sammukhāva karoti na parammukhā, eko parammukhāva karoti na sammukhā evaṃ vibhāgaṃ akatvā katenāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Appamāṇenā</span>ti pamāṇavirahitena. Cakkavāḷampi hi atisambādhaṃ, bhavaggampi atinīcaṃ, tayā kataṃ kāyakammameva <a name="P2.0585"></a> bahunti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mettena vacīkammenā</span>ti mettacittavasena pavattitena mukhadhovanakālārocanādinā vacīkammena. Api ca ovādaṃ sutvā – ‘‘sādhu, bhante’’ti vacanampi mettaṃ vacīkammameva. <span class="bld">Mettena manokammenā</span>ti kālasseva sarīrapaṭijagganaṃ katvā vivittāsane nisīditvā – ‘‘satthā arogo hotu, abyāpajjo sukhī’’ti evaṃ pavattitena manokammena. <span class="bld">Katapuññosī</span>ti kappasatasahassaṃ abhinīhārasampannosīti dasseti. Katapuññosīti ca ettāvatā vissattho mā pamādamāpajji, atha kho padhānamanuyuñja. Evañhi anuyutto khippaṃ hohisi anāsavo, dhammasaṅgītikāle arahattaṃ pāpuṇissasi. Na hi mādisassa katapāricariyā nipphalā nāma hotīti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para208"></a><a name="para208_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">208</span>. Evañca pana vatvā mahāpathaviṃ pattharanto viya ākāsaṃ vitthārento viya cakkavāḷagiriṃ osārento viya sineruṃ ukkhipento viya mahājambuṃ khandhe gahetvā cālento viya āyasmato ānandassa guṇakathaṃ ārabhanto atha kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi. Tattha ‘‘yepi <a name="M2.0177"></a> te, bhikkhave, etarahī’’ti kasmā na vuttaṃ? Aññassa buddhassa natthitāya. Eteneva cetaṃ veditabbaṃ – ‘‘yathā cakkavāḷantarepi añño buddho natthī’’ti. <span class="bld">Paṇḍito</span>ti byatto. <span class="bld">Medhāvī</span>ti khandhadhātuāyatanādīsu kusalo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para209"></a><a name="para209_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">209</span>. <span class="bld">Bhikkhuparisā ānandaṃ dassanāyā</span>ti ye bhagavantaṃ passitukāmā theraṃ upasaṅkamanti, ye ca ‘‘āyasmā kirānando samantapāsādiko abhirūpo dassanīyo bahussuto saṅghasobhano’’ti therassa guṇe sutvā āgacchanti, te sandhāya ‘‘bhikkhuparisā ānandaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamantī’’ti vuttaṃ. Esa nayo sabbattha. <span class="bld">Attamanā</span>ti savanena no dassanaṃ sametīti sakamanā tuṭṭhacittā. <span class="bld">Dhamma</span>nti ‘‘kacci, āvuso, khamanīyaṃ, kacci yāpanīyaṃ, kacci yoniso manasikārena kammaṃ karotha, ācariyupajjhāye vattaṃ pūrethā’’ti evarūpaṃ paṭisanthāradhammaṃ. Tattha bhikkhunīsu – ‘‘kacci, bhaginiyo, aṭṭha garudhamme samādāya vattathā’’ti idampi nānākaraṇaṃ hoti. Upāsakesu āgatesu ‘‘upāsaka, na te kacci sīsaṃ vā aṅgaṃ vā <a name="V2.0159"></a> rujjati, arogā te puttabhātaro’’ti na evaṃ paṭisanthāraṃ karoti. Evaṃ pana karoti – ‘‘kathaṃ upāsakā tīṇi saraṇāni pañca sīlāni rakkhatha, māsassa aṭṭha <a name="P2.0586"></a> uposathe karotha, mātāpitūnaṃ upaṭṭhānavattaṃ pūretha, dhammikasamaṇabrāhmaṇe paṭijaggathā’’ti. Upāsikāsupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni ānandattherassa cakkavattinā saddhiṃ upamaṃ karonto <span class="bld">cattārome bhikkhave</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">khattiyā</span>ti abhisittā ca anabhisittā ca khattiyajātikā. Te kira – ‘‘rājā cakkavattī nāma abhirūpo dassanīyo pāsādiko ākāsena vicaranto rajjaṃ anusāsati dhammiko dhammarājā’’ti tassa guṇakathaṃ sutvā ‘‘savanena dassanampi sama’’nti attamanā honti. <span class="bld">Bhāsatī</span>ti kathento – ‘‘kathaṃ, tātā, rājadhammaṃ pūretha, paveṇiṃ rakkhathā’’ti paṭisanthāraṃ karoti. Brāhmaṇesu pana – ‘‘kathaṃ ācariyā mante vācetha, kathaṃ antevāsikā mante gaṇhanti, dakkhiṇaṃ vā vatthāni vā kapilaṃ vā alatthā’’ti paṭisanthāraṃ karoti. Gahapatīsu – ‘‘kathaṃ tātā, na vo rājakulato daṇḍena vā balinā vā pīḷā atthi, sammā <a name="M2.0178"></a> devo dhāraṃ anupavecchati, sassāni sampajjantī’’ti evaṃ paṭisanthāraṃ karoti. Samaṇesu – ‘‘kathaṃ, bhante, pabbajitaparikkhārā sulabhā, samaṇadhamme na pamajjathā’’ti evaṃ paṭisanthāraṃ karoti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Mahāsudassanasuttadesanāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para210"></a><a name="para210_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">210</span>. <span class="bld">Khuddakanagarake</span>ti nagarapatirūpake sambādhe khuddakanagarake. <span class="bld">Ujjaṅgalanagarake</span>ti visamanagarake. <span class="bld">Sākhānagarake</span>ti yathā rukkhānaṃ sākhā nāma khuddakā honti, evameva aññesaṃ mahānagarānaṃ sākhāsadise khuddakanagarake. <span class="bld">Khattiyamahāsālā</span>ti khattiyamahāsārappattā mahākhattiyā. Esa nayo sabbattha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tesu <span class="bld">khattiyamahāsālā</span> nāma yesaṃ koṭisatampi koṭisahassampi dhanaṃ nikhaṇitvā ṭhapitaṃ, divasaparibbayo ekaṃ kahāpaṇasakaṭaṃ nigacchati, sāyaṃ dve pavisanti. <span class="bld">Brāhmaṇamahāsālā</span> nāma yesaṃ asītikoṭidhanaṃ nihitaṃ hoti, divasaparibbayo eko kahāpaṇakumbho nigacchati, sāyaṃ ekasakaṭaṃ pavisati. <span class="bld">Gahapatimahāsālā</span> nāma yesaṃ cattālīsakoṭidhanaṃ nihitaṃ hoti, divasaparibbayo pañca kahāpaṇambaṇāni nigacchanti, sāyaṃ kumbho pavisati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mā</span> <a name="V2.0160"></a> <span class="bld">hevaṃ, ānanda, avacā</span>ti ānanda, mā evaṃ avaca, na imaṃ ‘‘khuddakanagara’’nti <a name="P2.0587"></a> vattabbaṃ. Ahañhi imasseva nagarassa sampattiṃ kathetuṃ – ‘‘anekavāraṃ tiṭṭhaṃ nisīdaṃ mahantena ussāhena, mahantena parakkamena idhāgato’’ti vatvā <span class="bld">bhūtapubba</span>ntiādimāha. <span class="bld">Subhikkhā</span>ti khajjabhojjasampannā. <span class="bld">Hatthisaddenā</span>ti ekasmiṃ hatthimhi saddaṃ karonte caturāsītihatthisahassāni saddaṃ karonti, iti hatthisaddena avivittā, hoti, tathā assasaddena. Puññavanto panettha sattā catusindhavayuttehi rathehi aññamaññaṃ anubandhamānā antaravīthīsu vicaranti, iti rathasaddena avivittā hoti. Niccaṃ payojitāneva panettha bheriādīni tūriyāni, iti bherisaddādīhipi avivittā hoti. Tattha <span class="bld">sammasaddo</span>ti kaṃsatāḷasaddo. <span class="bld">Pāṇitāḷasaddo</span>ti pāṇinā caturassaambaṇatāḷasaddo. Kuṭabherisaddotipi vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Asnātha</span> <a name="M2.0179"></a> <span class="bld">pivatha khādathā</span>ti asnātha pivatha khādatha. Ayaṃ panettha saṅkhepo, bhuñjatha bhoti iminā dasamena saddena avivittā hoti anupacchinnasaddā. Yathā pana aññesu nagaresu ‘‘kacavaraṃ chaḍḍetha, kudālaṃ gaṇhatha, pacchiṃ gaṇhatha, pavāsaṃ gamissāma, taṇḍulapuṭaṃ gaṇhatha, bhattapuṭaṃ gaṇhatha, phalakāvudhādīni sajjāni karothā’’ti evarūpā saddā honti, na yidha evaṃ ahosīti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Dasamena saddenā’’ti ca vatvā ‘‘kusāvatī, ānanda, rājadhānī sattahi pākārehi parikkhittā ahosī’’ti sabbaṃ <span class="bld">mahāsudassanasuttaṃ</span> niṭṭhāpetvā <span class="bld">gaccha tvaṃ ānandā</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">abhikkamathā</span>ti abhimukhā kamatha, āgacchathāti attho. Kiṃ pana te bhagavato āgatabhāvaṃ na jānantīti? Jānanti. Buddhānaṃ gatagataṭṭhānaṃ nāma mahantaṃ kolāhalaṃ hoti, kenacideva karaṇīyena nisinnattā na āgatā. ‘‘Te āgantvā bhikkhusaṅghassa ṭhānanisajjokāsaṃ saṃvidahitvā dassantī’’ti tesaṃ santike avelāyampi bhagavā pesesi.</p>
<p class="subhead">Mallānaṃ vandanāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para211"></a><a name="para211_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">211</span>. <span class="bld">Amhākañca no</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">no</span> kāro nipātamattaṃ. <span class="bld">Aghāvino</span>ti uppannadukkhā. <span class="bld">Dummanā</span>ti anattamanā. <span class="bld">Cetodukkhasamappitā</span>ti domanassasamappitā. <span class="bld">Kulaparivattaso kulaparivattaso ṭhapetvā</span>ti ekekaṃ <a name="P2.0588"></a> kulaparivattaṃ kulasaṅkhepaṃ vīthisabhāgena ceva racchāsabhāgena ca visuṃ visuṃ ṭhapetvā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Subhaddaparibbājakavatthuvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para212"></a><a name="para212_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">212</span>. <span class="bld">Subhaddo</span> <a name="V2.0161"></a> <span class="bld">nāma paribbājako</span>ti udiccabrāhmaṇamahāsālakulā pabbajito channaparibbājako. <span class="bld">Kaṅkhādhammo</span>ti vimatidhammo. Kasmā panassa ajja evaṃ ahosīti? Tathāvidhaupanissayattā. Pubbe kira puññakaraṇakāle dve bhātaro ahesuṃ. Te ekatova sassaṃ akaṃsu. Tattha jeṭṭhakassa – ‘‘ekasmiṃ sasse navavāre aggasassadānaṃ mayā dātabba’’nti ahosi. So vappakāle bījaggaṃ nāma datvā gabbhakāle kaniṭṭhena saddhiṃ <a name="M2.0180"></a> mantesi – ‘‘gabbhakāle gabbhaṃ phāletvā dassāmā’’ti kaniṭṭho – ‘‘taruṇasassaṃ nāsetukāmosī’’ti āha. Jeṭṭho kaniṭṭhassa ananuvattanabhāvaṃ ñatvā khettaṃ vibhajitvā attano koṭṭhāsato gabbhaṃ phāletvā khīraṃ nīharitvā sappinavanītena saṃyojetvā adāsi, puthukakāle puthukaṃ kāretvā adāsi, lāyanakāle lāyanaggaṃ, veṇikaraṇe veṇaggaṃ, kalāpādīsu kalāpaggaṃ, khalaggaṃ, khalabhaṇḍaggaṃ, koṭṭhagganti evaṃ ekasasse navavāre aggadānaṃ adāsi. Kaniṭṭho pana uddharitvā adāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tesu jeṭṭhako <span class="bld">aññāsikoṇḍaññatthero</span> jāto. Bhagavā – ‘‘kassa nu kho ahaṃ paṭhamaṃ dhammaṃ deseyya’’nti olokento ‘‘aññāsikoṇḍañño ekasmiṃ sasse nava aggadānāni adāsi, imaṃ aggadhammaṃ tassa desessāmī’’ti sabbapaṭhamaṃ dhammaṃ desesi. So aṭṭhārasahi brahmakoṭīhi saddhiṃ sotāpattiphale patiṭṭhāsi. Kaniṭṭho pana ohīyitvā pacchā dānassa dinnattā satthu parinibbānakāle evaṃ cintetvā satthāraṃ daṭṭhukāmo ahosi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mā tathāgataṃ viheṭhesī</span>ti thero kira – ‘‘ete aññatitthiyā nāma attano gahaṇameva gaṇhanti, tassa vissajjāpanatthāya bhagavato bahuṃ bhāsamānassa kāyavācāvihesā bhavissati, pakatiyāpi ca kilantoyeva bhagavā’’ti maññamāno evamāha. Paribbājako – ‘‘na me ayaṃ bhikkhu okāsaṃ karoti, atthikena pana anuvattitvā kāretabbo’’ti theraṃ anuvattanto dutiyampi tatiyampi āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para213"></a><a name="para213_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">213</span>. <span class="bld">Assosi</span> <a name="P2.0589"></a> <span class="bld">kho</span>ti sāṇidvāre ṭhitassa bhāsato pakatisoteneva assosi, sutvā ca pana subhaddasseva atthāya mahatā ussāhena āgatattā <span class="bld">alaṃ ānandā</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">ala</span>nti paṭikkhepatthe nipāto. <span class="bld">Aññāpekkhovā</span>ti aññātukāmova hutvā. <span class="bld">Abbhaññiṃsū</span>ti yathā tesaṃ paṭiññā, tatheva jāniṃsu. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – sace nesaṃ sā paṭiññā niyyānikā, sabbe abbhaññaṃsu, no ce, na abbhaññaṃsu. Tasmā kiṃ tesaṃ paṭiññā niyyānikā, aniyyānikāti <a name="V2.0162"></a> ayameva <a name="M2.0181"></a> tassa pañhassa attho. Atha bhagavā tesaṃ aniyyānikabhāvakathanena atthābhāvato ceva okāsābhāvato ca ‘‘ala’’nti paṭikkhipitvā dhammameva desesi. Paṭhamayāmasmiñhi mallānaṃ dhammaṃ desetvā majjhimayāme subhaddassa, pacchimayāme bhikkhusaṅghaṃ ovaditvā balavapaccūsasamaye parinibbāyissāmicceva bhagavā āgato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para214"></a><a name="para214_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">214</span>. <span class="bld">Samaṇopi tattha na upalabbhatī</span>ti paṭhamo sotāpannasamaṇopi tattha natthi, dutiyo sakadāgāmisamaṇopi, tatiyo anāgāmisamaṇopi, catuttho arahattasamaṇopi tattha natthīti attho. ‘‘Imasmiṃ kho’’ti purimadesanāya aniyamato vatvā idāni attano sāsanaṃ niyamento āha. <span class="bld">Suññā parappavādā samaṇebhī</span>ti catunnaṃ maggānaṃ atthāya āraddhavipassakehi catūhi, maggaṭṭhehi catūhi, phalaṭṭhehi catūhīti dvādasahi samaṇehi suññā parappavādā tucchā rittakā. <span class="bld">Ime ca subhaddā</span>ti ime dvādasa bhikkhū. <span class="bld">Sammā vihareyyu</span>nti ettha sotāpanno attano adhigataṭṭhānaṃ aññassa kathetvā taṃ sotāpannaṃ karonto sammā viharati nāma. Esa nayo sakadāgāmiādīsu. Sotāpattimaggaṭṭho aññampi sotāpattimaggaṭṭhaṃ karonto sammā viharati nāma. Esa nayo sesamaggaṭṭhesu. Sotāpattimaggatthāya āraddhavipassako attano paguṇaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ kathetvā aññampi sotāpattimaggatthāya āraddhavipassakaṃ karonto sammā viharati nāma. Esa nayo sesamaggatthāya āraddhavipassakesu. Idaṃ sandhāyāha – ‘‘sammā vihareyyu’’nti. <span class="bld">Asuñño loko arahantehi assā</span>ti naḷavanaṃ saravanaṃ viya nirantaro <a name="P2.0590"></a> assa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekūnatiṃso vayasā</span>ti vayena ekūnatiṃsavasso hutvā. <span class="bld">Yaṃ pabbaji</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">ya</span>nti nipātamattaṃ. <span class="bld">Kiṃ kusalānuesī</span>ti ‘‘kiṃ kusala’’nti anuesanto pariyesanto. Tattha – ‘‘kiṃ kusala’’nti sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ adhippetaṃ, taṃ gavesantoti attho. <span class="bld">Yato aha</span>nti yato paṭṭhāya ahaṃ pabbajito, etthantare samadhikāni paññāsa vassāni hontīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Ñāyassa dhammassā</span>ti ariyamaggadhammassa. <span class="bld">Padesavattī</span>ti padese vipassanāmagge pavattanto. <span class="bld">Ito bahiddhā</span>ti mama sāsanato bahiddhā. <span class="bld">Samaṇopi</span> <a name="M2.0182"></a> <span class="bld">natthī</span>ti padesavattivipassakopi natthi, paṭhamasamaṇo sotāpannopi natthīti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ye etthā</span>ti ye tumhe ettha sāsane satthārā sammukhā antevāsikābhisekena abhisittā, tesaṃ vo lābhā tesaṃ vo suladdhanti. Bāhirasamaye kira yaṃ antevāsikaṃ ācariyo – ‘‘imaṃ pabbājehi<a name="V2.0163"></a>, imaṃ ovada, imaṃ anusāsā’’ti vadati, so tena attano ṭhāne ṭhapito hoti, tasmā tassa – ‘‘imaṃ pabbajehi, imaṃ ovada, imaṃ anusāsā’’ti ime lābhā honti. Therampi subhaddo tameva bāhirasamayaṃ gahetvā evamāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Alattha kho</span>ti kathaṃ alattha? Thero kira naṃ ekamantaṃ netvā udakatumbato pānīyena sīsaṃ temetvā tacapañcakakammaṭṭhānaṃ kathetvā kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādāpetvā saraṇāni datvā bhagavato santikaṃ ānesi. Bhagavā upasampādetvā kammaṭṭhānaṃ ācikkhi. So taṃ gahetvā uyyānassa ekamante caṅkamaṃ adhiṭṭhāya ghaṭento vāyamanto vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhento saha paṭisambhidāhi arahattaṃ patvā āgamma bhagavantaṃ vanditvā nisīdi. Taṃ sandhāya – ‘‘acirūpasampanno kho panā’’tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">So ca bhagavato pacchimo sakkhisāvako ahosī</span>ti saṅgītikārakānaṃ vacanaṃ. Tattha yo bhagavati dharamāne pabbajitvā aparabhāge upasampadaṃ labhitvā kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā arahattaṃ pāpuṇāti, upasampadampi vā dharamāneyeva labhitvā aparabhāge kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā arahattaṃ pāpuṇāti, kammaṭṭhānampi vā dharamāneyeva gahetvā aparabhāge arahattameva pāpuṇāti, sabbopi so pacchimo sakkhisāvako. Ayaṃ pana dharamāneyeva bhagavati <a name="P2.0591"></a> pabbajito ca upasampanno ca kammaṭṭhānañca gahetvā arahattaṃ pattoti.</p>
<p class="centered">Pañcamabhāṇavāravaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Tathāgatapacchimavācāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para216"></a><a name="para216_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">216</span>. Idāni bhikkhusaṅghassa ovādaṃ ārabhi, taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">atha kho bhagavā</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">desito paññatto</span>ti dhammopi desito ceva <a name="M2.0183"></a> paññatto ca, vinayopi desito ceva paññatto ca. <span class="bld">Paññatto</span> ca nāma ṭhapito paṭṭhapitoti attho. <span class="bld">So vo mamaccayenā</span>ti so dhammavinayo tumhākaṃ mamaccayena satthā. Mayā hi vo ṭhiteneva – ‘‘idaṃ lahukaṃ, idaṃ garukaṃ, idaṃ satekicchaṃ, idaṃ atekicchaṃ, idaṃ lokavajjaṃ, idaṃ paṇṇattivajjaṃ, ayaṃ āpatti puggalassa santike vuṭṭhāti, ayaṃ āpatti gaṇassa santike vuṭṭhāti, ayaṃ saṅghassa santike vuṭṭhātī’’ti <a name="V2.0164"></a> sattāpattikkhandhavasena otiṇṇe vatthusmiṃ sakhandhakaparivāro ubhatovibhaṅgo <span class="bld">vinayo</span> nāma desito, taṃ sakalampi vinayapiṭakaṃ mayi parinibbute tumhākaṃ satthukiccaṃ sādhessati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ṭhiteneva ca mayā – ‘‘ime cattāro satipaṭṭhānā, cattāro sammappadhānā, cattāro iddhipādā, pañca indriyāni, pañca balāni, satta bojjhaṅgā, ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo’’ti tena tenākārena ime dhamme vibhajitvā vibhajitvā suttantapiṭakaṃ desitaṃ, taṃ sakalampi suttantapiṭakaṃ mayi parinibbute tumhākaṃ satthukiccaṃ sādhessati. Ṭhiteneva ca mayā – ‘‘ime pañcakkhandhā, dvādasāyatanāni, aṭṭhārasa dhātuyo, cattāri saccāni, bāvīsatindriyāni, nava hetū, cattāro āhārā, satta phassā, satta vedanā, satta saññā, satta sañcetanā, satta cittāni. Tatrāpi ‘ettakā dhammā kāmāvacarā, ettakā rūpāvacarā, ettakā arūpāvacarā, ettakā pariyāpannā, ettakā apariyāpannā, ettakā lokiyā, ettakā lokuttarā’ti’’ ime dhamme vibhajitvā vibhajitvā catuvīsatisamantapaṭṭhānaanantanayamahāpaṭṭhānapaṭimaṇḍitaṃ abhidhammapiṭakaṃ desitaṃ, taṃ sakalampi abhidhammapiṭakaṃ mayi parinibbute tumhākaṃ satthukiccaṃ sādhessati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Iti sabbampetaṃ abhisambodhito yāva parinibbānā pañcacattālīsavassāni bhāsitaṃ lapitaṃ – ‘‘tīṇi piṭakāni, pañca nikāyā, navaṅgāni, caturāsīti dhammakkhandhasahassānī’’ti evaṃ mahāpabhedaṃ hoti. Iti <a name="P2.0592"></a> imāni caturāsīti dhammakkhandhasahassāni tiṭṭhanti, ahaṃ ekova parinibbāyāmi. Ahañca kho pana dāni ekakova ovadāmi anusāsāmi, mayi parinibbute imāni caturāsīti dhammakkhandhasahassāni tumhe ovadissanti anusāsissantīti evaṃ bhagavā bahūni kāraṇāni dassento – ‘‘so vo mamaccayena satthā’’ti ovaditvā puna anāgate cārittaṃ dassento <span class="bld">yathā kho panā</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="M2.0184"></a> <span class="bld">samudācarantī</span>ti kathenti voharanti. <span class="bld">Nāmena vā gottena vā</span>ti navakāti avatvā ‘‘tissa, nāgā’’ti evaṃ nāmena vā, ‘‘kassapa, gotamā’’ti evaṃ gottena vā, ‘‘āvuso tissa, āvuso kassapā’’ti evaṃ āvusovādena vā samudācaritabbo. <span class="bld">Bhanteti vā āyasmāti vā</span>ti bhante tissa, āyasmā tissāti evaṃ samudācaritabbo. <span class="bld">Samūhanatū</span>ti ākaṅkhamāno samūhanatu, yadi icchati samūhaneyyāti attho. Kasmā pana samūhanathāti ekaṃseneva avatvā vikappavacaneneva ṭhapesīti? Mahākassapassa balaṃ diṭṭhattā. Passati hi bhagavā <a name="V2.0165"></a> – ‘‘samūhanathāti vuttepi saṅgītikāle kassapo na samūhanissatī’’ti. Tasmā vikappeneva ṭhapesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha – ‘‘ekacce therā evamāhaṃsu – cattāri pārājikāni ṭhapetvā avasesāni khuddānukhuddakānī’’tiādinā nayena pañcasatikasaṅgītiyaṃ <span class="bld">khuddānukhuddakakathā</span> āgatāva vinicchayo pettha <span class="bld">samantapāsādikāyaṃ</span> vutto. Keci panāhu – ‘‘bhante, nāgasena, katamaṃ khuddakaṃ, katamaṃ anukhuddaka’’nti milindena raññā pucchito. ‘‘Dukkaṭaṃ, mahārāja, khuddakaṃ, dubbhāsitaṃ anukhuddaka’’nti vuttattā nāgasenatthero khuddānukhuddakaṃ jānāti. Mahākassapo pana taṃ ajānanto –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Suṇātu me, āvuso, saṅgho santamhākaṃ sikkhāpadāni gihigatāni, gihinopi jānanti – ‘‘idaṃ vo samaṇānaṃ sakyaputtiyānaṃ kappati, idaṃ vo na kappatī’’ti. Sace mayaṃ khuddānukhuddakāni sikkhāpadāni samūhanissāma, bhavissanti vattāro – ‘‘dhūmakālikaṃ samaṇena gotamena sāvakānaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ paññattaṃ, yāva nesaṃ satthā aṭṭhāsi, tāvime sikkhāpadesu sikkhiṃsu, yato imesaṃ satthā parinibbuto, na dānime sikkhāpadesu sikkhantī’’ti. Yadi saṅghassa <a name="P2.0593"></a> pattakallaṃ, saṅgho apaññattaṃ na paññapeyya, paññattaṃ na samucchindeyya, yathāpaññattesu sikkhāpadesu samādāya vatteyya. Esā ñattīti –</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kammavācaṃ sāvesīti. Na taṃ evaṃ gahetabbaṃ. Nāgasenatthero hi – ‘‘paravādino okāso mā ahosī’’ti evamāha. Mahākassapatthero ‘‘khuddānukhuddakāpattiṃ na samūhanissāmī’’ti kammavācaṃ sāvesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Brahmadaṇḍakathāpi</span> <a name="M2.0185"></a> saṅgītiyaṃ āgatattāsamantapāsādikāyaṃ vinicchitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kaṅkhā</span>ti dveḷhakaṃ. <span class="bld">Vimatī</span>ti vinicchituṃ asamatthatā, buddho nu kho, na buddho nu kho, dhammo nu kho, na dhammo nu kho, saṅgho nu kho, na saṅgho nu kho, maggo nu kho, na maggo nu kho, paṭipadā nu kho, na paṭipadā nu khoti yassa saṃsayo uppajjeyya, taṃ vo vadāmi ‘‘pucchatha bhikkhave’’ti ayamettha saṅkhepattho. <span class="bld">Satthugāravenāpi na puccheyyāthā</span>ti mayaṃ satthusantike pabbajimha, cattāro paccayāpi no satthu santakāva, te mayaṃ ettakaṃ kālaṃ kaṅkhaṃ akatvā <a name="V2.0166"></a> na arahāma ajja pacchimakāle kaṅkhaṃ kātunti sace evaṃ satthari gāravena na pucchatha. <span class="bld">Sahāyakopi bhikkhave sahāyakassa ārocetū</span>ti tumhākaṃ yo yassa bhikkhuno sandiṭṭho sambhatto, so tassa ārocetu, ahaṃ etassa bhikkhussa kathessāmi, tassa kathaṃ sutvā sabbe nikkaṅkhā bhavissathāti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evaṃ pasanno</span>ti evaṃ saddahāmi ahanti attho. <span class="bld">Ñāṇamevā</span>ti nikkaṅkhabhāvapaccakkhakaraṇañāṇaṃyeva, ettha tathāgatassa na saddhāmattanti attho. <span class="bld">Imesañhi, ānandā</span>ti imesaṃ antosāṇiyaṃ nisinnānaṃ pañcannaṃ bhikkhusatānaṃ. <span class="bld">Yo pacchimako</span>ti yo guṇavasena pacchimako. Ānandattheraṃyeva sandhāyāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para218"></a><a name="para218_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">218</span>. <span class="bld">Appamādena sampādethā</span>ti satiavippavāsena sabbakiccāni sampādeyyātha. Iti bhagavā parinibbānamañce nipanno pañcacattālīsa vassāni dinnaṃ ovādaṃ sabbaṃ ekasmiṃ appamādapadeyeva pakkhipitvā adāsi. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ tathāgatassa pacchimā vācā</span>ti idaṃ pana saṅgītikārakānaṃ <a name="P2.0594"></a> vacanaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Parinibbutakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para219"></a><a name="para219_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">219</span>. Ito paraṃ yaṃ parinibbānaparikammaṃ katvā bhagavā parinibbuto, taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">atha kho bhagavā paṭhamaṃ jhāna</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">parinibbuto bhante</span>ti nirodhaṃ samāpannassa bhagavato assāsapassāsānaṃ abhāvaṃ disvā pucchati. <span class="bld">Na āvuso</span>ti thero kathaṃ jānāti? Thero kira satthārā saddhiṃyeva taṃ taṃ samāpattiṃ samāpajjanto yāva nevasaññānāsaññāyatanā vuṭṭhānaṃ, tāva gantvā idāni bhagavā <a name="M2.0186"></a> nirodhaṃ samāpanno, antonirodhe ca kālaṅkiriyā nāma natthīti jānāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Atha kho bhagavā saññāvedayitanirodhasamāpattiyā vuṭṭhahitvā nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ samāpajji…pe… tatiyajjhānā vuṭṭhahitvā catutthajjhānaṃ samāpajjī</span>ti ettha bhagavā catuvīsatiyā ṭhānesu paṭhamajjhānaṃ samāpajji, terasasu ṭhānesu dutiyajjhānaṃ, tathā tatiyajjhānaṃ, pannarasasu ṭhānesu catutthajjhānaṃ samāpajji. Kathaṃ? Dasasu asubhesu, dvattiṃsākāre aṭṭhasu kasiṇesu, mettākaruṇāmuditāsu, ānāpāne, paricchedākāseti imesu tāva catuvīsatiyā ṭhānesu paṭhamajjhānaṃ samāpajji. Ṭhapetvā pana dvattiṃsākārañca dasa asubhāni ca sesesu terasasu dutiyajjhānaṃ<a name="V2.0167"></a>, tesuyeva ca tatiyajjhānaṃ samāpajji. Aṭṭhasu pana kasiṇesu, upekkhābrahmavihāre, ānāpāne, paricchedākāse, catūsu arūpesūti imesu pannarasasu ṭhānesu catutthajjhānaṃ samāpajji. Ayampi ca saṅkhepakathāva. Nibbānapuraṃ pavisanto pana bhagavā dhammassāmī sabbāpi catuvīsatikoṭisatasahassasaṅkhyā samāpattiyo pavisitvā videsaṃ gacchanto ñātijanaṃ āliṅgetvā viya sabbasamāpattisukhaṃ anubhavitvā paviṭṭho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Catutthajjhānā vuṭṭhahitvā samanantarā bhagavā parinibbāyī</span>ti ettha jhānasamanantaraṃ, paccavekkhaṇāsamanantaranti dve samanantarāni. Tattha jhānā vuṭṭhāya bhavaṅgaṃ otiṇṇassa tattheva parinibbānaṃ <span class="bld">jhānasamanantaraṃ</span> nāma. Jhānā vuṭṭhahitvā puna jhānaṅgāni paccavekkhitvā bhavaṅgaṃ otiṇṇassa tattheva parinibbānaṃ <span class="bld">paccavekkhaṇāsamanantaraṃ</span> nāma. Imānipi dve samanantarāneva. Bhagavā pana jhānaṃ samāpajjitvā jhānā vuṭṭhāya jhānaṅgāni paccavekkhitvā bhavaṅgacittena abyākatena dukkhasaccena parinibbāyi. Ye <a name="P2.0595"></a> hi keci buddhā vā paccekabuddhā vā ariyasāvakā vā antamaso kunthakipillikaṃ upādāya sabbe bhavaṅgacitteneva abyākatena dukkhasaccena kālaṅkarontīti. <span class="bld">Mahābhūmicālādīni</span> vuttanayānevāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para220"></a><a name="para220_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">220</span>. <span class="bld">Bhūtā</span>ti sattā. <span class="bld">Appaṭipuggalo</span>ti paṭibhāgapuggalavirahito. <span class="bld">Balappatto</span>ti dasavidhañāṇabalaṃ patto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para221"></a><a name="para221_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">221</span>. <span class="bld">Uppādavayadhammino</span>ti <a name="M2.0187"></a> uppādavayasabhāvā. <span class="bld">Tesaṃ vūpasamo</span>ti tesaṃ saṅkhārānaṃ vūpasamo, asaṅkhataṃ nibbānameva sukhanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para222"></a><a name="para222_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">222</span>. <span class="bld">Nāhu assāsapassāso</span>ti na jāto assāsapassāso. <span class="bld">Anejo</span>ti taṇhāsaṅkhātāya ejāya abhāvena anejo. <span class="bld">Santimārabbhā</span>ti anupādisesaṃ nibbānaṃ ārabbha paṭicca sandhāya. <span class="bld">Yaṃ kālamakarī</span>ti yo kālaṃ akari. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – ‘‘āvuso, yo mama satthā buddhamuni santiṃ gamissāmīti, santiṃ ārabbha kālamakari, tassa ṭhitacittassa tādino idāni assāsapassāso na jāto, natthi, nappavattatī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Asallīnenā</span>ti alīnena asaṅkuṭitena suvikasiteneva cittena. <span class="bld">Vedanaṃ ajjhavāsayī</span>ti vedanaṃ adhivāsesi, na vedanānuvattī hutvā ito cito ca samparivatti. <span class="bld">Vimokkho</span>ti kenaci dhammena anāvaraṇavimokkho sabbaso apaññattibhāvūpagamo pajjotanibbānasadiso jāto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para223"></a><a name="para223_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">223</span>. <span class="bld">Tadāsī</span>ti <a name="V2.0168"></a> ‘‘saha parinibbānā mahābhūmicālo’’ti evaṃ heṭṭhā vuttaṃ bhūmicālameva sandhāyāha. Tañhi lomahaṃsanañca bhiṃsanakañca āsi. <span class="bld">Sabbākāravarūpete</span>ti sabbavarakāraṇūpete.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para224"></a><a name="para224_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">224</span>. <span class="bld">Avītarāgā</span>ti puthujjanā ceva sotāpannasakadāgāmino ca. Tesañhi domanassaṃ appahīnaṃ. Tasmā tepi bāhā paggayha kandanti. Ubhopi hatthe sīse ṭhapetvā rodantīti sabbaṃ purimanayeneva veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para225"></a><a name="para225_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">225</span>. <span class="bld">Ujjhāyantī</span>ti ‘‘ayyā attanāpi adhivāsetuṃ na sakkonti, sesajanaṃ kathaṃ samassāsessantī’’ti vadantiyo ujjhāyanti. <span class="bld">Kathaṃbhūtā pana bhante āyasmā anuruddho devatā manasikarotī</span>ti devatā, bhante, kathaṃbhūtā āyasmā anuruddho sallakkheti, kiṃ tā satthu parinibbānaṃ adhivāsentīti?</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha tāsaṃ pavattidassanatthaṃ thero <span class="bld">santāvuso</span>tiādimāha. Taṃ vuttatthameva. <span class="bld">Rattāvasesa</span>nti <a name="P2.0596"></a> balavapaccūse parinibbutattā rattiyā avasesaṃ <a name="M2.0188"></a> cullakaddhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Dhammiyā kathāyā</span>ti aññā pāṭiyekkā dhammakathā nāma natthi, ‘‘āvuso sadevake nāma loke appaṭipuggalassa satthuno ayaṃ maccurājā na lajjati, kimaṅgaṃ pana lokiyamahājanassa lajjissatī’’ti evarūpāya pana maraṇapaṭisaṃyuttāya kathāya vītināmesuṃ. Tesañhi taṃ kathaṃ kathentānaṃ muhutteneva aruṇaṃ uggacchi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para226"></a><a name="para226_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">226</span>. <span class="bld">Atha kho</span>ti aruṇuggaṃ disvāva thero theraṃ etadavoca. <span class="bld">Teneva karaṇīyenā</span>ti kīdisena nu kho parinibbānaṭṭhāne mālāgandhādisakkārena bhavitabbaṃ, kīdisena bhikkhusaṅghassa nisajjaṭṭhānena bhavitabbaṃ, kīdisena khādanīyabhojanīyena bhavitabbanti, evaṃ yaṃ bhagavato parinibbutabhāvaṃ sutvā kattabbaṃ teneva karaṇīyena.</p>
<p class="subhead">Buddhasarīrapūjāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para227"></a><a name="para227_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">227</span>. <span class="bld">Sabbañca tāḷāvacara</span>nti sabbaṃ tūriyabhaṇḍaṃ. <span class="bld">Sannipātethā</span>ti bheriṃ carāpetvā samāharatha. Te tatheva akaṃsu. <span class="bld">Maṇḍalamāḷe</span>ti dussamaṇḍalamāḷe. <span class="bld">Paṭiyādentā</span>ti sajjentā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dakkhiṇena dakkhiṇa</span>nti nagarassa dakkhiṇadisābhāgeneva dakkhiṇadisābhāgaṃ. <span class="bld">Bāhirena bāhira</span>nti <a name="V2.0169"></a> antonagaraṃ appavesetvā bāhireneva nagarassa bāhirapassaṃ haritvā. <span class="bld">Dakkhiṇato nagarassā</span>ti anurādhapurassa dakkhiṇadvārasadise ṭhāne ṭhapetvā sakkārasammānaṃ katvā jetavanasadise ṭhāne jhāpessāmāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para228"></a><a name="para228_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">228</span>. <span class="bld">Aṭṭha mallapāmokkhā</span>ti majjhimavayā thāmasampannā aṭṭhamallarājāno. <span class="bld">Sīsaṃ nhātā</span>ti sīsaṃ dhovitvā nahātā. <span class="bld">Āyasmantaṃ anuruddha</span>nti therova dibbacakkhukoti pākaṭo, tasmā te santesupi aññesu mahātheresu – ‘‘ayaṃ no pākaṭaṃ katvā kathessatī’’ti theraṃ pucchiṃsu. <span class="bld">Kathaṃ pana, bhante, devatānaṃ adhippāyo</span>ti bhante, amhākaṃ tāva adhippāyaṃ jānāma. Devatānaṃ kathaṃ adhippāyoti pucchanti. Thero paṭhamaṃ tesaṃ adhippāyaṃ dassento <span class="bld">tumhākaṃ kho</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Makuṭabandhanaṃ nāma mallānaṃ cetiya</span>nti mallarājūnaṃ pasādhanamaṅgalasālāya etaṃ nāmaṃ. Cittīkataṭṭhena panesā ‘‘cetiya’’nti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para229"></a><a name="para229_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">229</span>. <span class="bld">Yāva</span> <a name="P2.0597"></a><a name="M2.0189"></a> <span class="bld">sandhisamalasaṅkaṭīrā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">sandhi</span> nāma gharasandhi. <span class="bld">Samalaṃ</span> nāma gūtharāsiniddhamanapanāḷi. <span class="bld">Saṅkaṭīraṃ</span> nāma saṅkāraṭṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Dibbehi ca mānusakehi ca naccehī</span>ti upari devatānaṃ naccāni honti, heṭṭhā manussānaṃ. Esa nayo gītādīsu. Apica devatānaṃ antare manussā, manussānaṃ antare devatāti evampi sakkarontā pūjentā agamaṃsu. <span class="bld">Majjhena majjhaṃ nagarassa haritvā</span>ti evaṃ hariyamāne bhagavato sarīre bandhulamallasenāpatibhariyā <span class="bld">mallikā</span> nāma – ‘‘bhagavato sarīraṃ āharantī’’ti sutvā attano sāmikassa kālaṃ kiriyato paṭṭhāya aparibhuñjitvā ṭhapitaṃ visākhāya pasādhanasadisaṃ <span class="bld">mahālatāpasādhanaṃ</span> nīharāpetvā – ‘‘iminā satthāraṃ pūjessāmī’’ti taṃ majjāpetvā gandhodakena dhovitvā dvāre ṭhitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Taṃ kira pasādhanaṃ tāsañca dvinnaṃ itthīnaṃ, devadāniyacorassa geheti tīsuyeva ṭhānesu ahosi. Sā ca satthu sarīre dvāraṃ sampatte – ‘‘otāretha, tātā, satthusarīra’’nti vatvā taṃ pasādhanaṃ satthusarīre paṭimuñci. Taṃ sīsato paṭṭhāya paṭimukkaṃ yāvapādatalāgataṃ. Suvaṇṇavaṇṇaṃ bhagavato sarīraṃ sattaratanamayena mahāpasādhanena pasādhitaṃ ativiya virocittha. Taṃ sā disvā pasannacittā patthanaṃ akāsi – ‘‘bhagavā yāva vaṭṭe saṃsarissāmi, tāva me pāṭiyekkaṃ pasādhanakiccaṃ mā hotu, niccaṃ paṭimukkapasādhanasadisameva sarīraṃ hotū’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha bhagavantaṃ sattaratanamayena mahāpasādhanena ukkhipitvā puratthimena dvārena nīharitvā puratthimena nagarassa makuṭabandhanaṃ mallānaṃ cetiyaṃ, ettha bhagavato sarīraṃ nikkhipiṃsu.</p>
<p class="subhead">Mahākassapattheravatthuvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para231"></a><a name="para231_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">231</span>. <span class="bld">Pāvāya</span> <a name="V2.0170"></a> <span class="bld">kusināra</span>nti pāvānagare piṇḍāya caritvā ‘‘kusināraṃ gamissāmī’’ti addhānamaggappaṭipanno hoti. <span class="bld">Rukkhamūle nisīdī</span>ti ettha kasmā divāvihāranti na vuttaṃ? Divāvihāratthāya anisinnattā. Therassa hi parivārā bhikkhū sabbe sukhasaṃvaddhitā mahāpuññā. Te majjhanhikasamaye tattapāsāṇasadisāya bhūmiyā padasā gacchantā kilamiṃsu. Thero te disvā – ‘‘bhikkhū kilamanti, gantabbaṭṭhānañca na dūraṃ, thokaṃ vissamitvā darathaṃ paṭippassambhetvā sāyanhasamaye kusināraṃ gantvā dasabalaṃ passissāmī’’ti maggā <a name="M2.0190"></a> okkamma aññatarasmiṃ rukkhamūle <a name="P2.0598"></a> saṅghāṭiṃ paññapetvā udakatumbato udakena hatthapāde sītale katvā nisīdi. Parivārabhikkhūpissa rukkhamūle nisīditvā yoniso manasikāre kammaṃ kurumānā tiṇṇaṃ ratanānaṃ vaṇṇaṃ bhaṇamānā nisīdiṃsu. Iti darathavinodanatthāya nisinnattā ‘‘divāvihāra’’nti na vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mandāravapupphaṃ gahetvā</span>ti mahāpātippamāṇaṃ pupphaṃ āgantukadaṇḍake ṭhapetvā chattaṃ viya gahetvā. <span class="bld">Addasa kho</span>ti āgacchantaṃ dūrato addasa. Disvā ca pana cintesi –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Etaṃ ājīvakassa hatthe mandāravapupphaṃ paññāyati, etañca na sabbadā manussapathe paññāyati, yadā pana koci iddhimā iddhiṃ vikubbati, tadā sabbaññubodhisattassa ca mātukucchiokkamanādīsu hoti. Na kho pana ajja kenaci iddhivikubbanaṃ kataṃ, na me satthā mātukucchiṃ okkanto, na kucchito nikkhamanto, nāpissa ajja abhisambodhi, na dhammacakkappavattanaṃ, na yamakapāṭihāriyaṃ, na devorohaṇaṃ, na āyusaṅkhārossajjanaṃ. Mahallako pana me satthā dhuvaṃ parinibbuto bhavissatī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tato – ‘‘pucchāmi na’’nti cittaṃ uppādetvā – ‘‘sace kho pana nisinnakova pucchāmi, satthari agāravo kato bhavissatī’’ti uṭṭhahitvā ṭhitaṭṭhānato apakkamma chaddanto nāgarājā maṇicammaṃ viya dasabaladattiyaṃ meghavaṇṇaṃ paṃsukūlacīvaraṃ pārupitvā dasanakhasamodhānasamujjalaṃ añjaliṃ sirasmiṃ patiṭṭhapetvā satthari katena gāravena ājīvakassa abhimukho hutvā – ‘‘āvuso, amhākaṃ satthāraṃ jānāsī’’ti āha. Kiṃ pana satthu parinibbānaṃ jānanto pucchi ajānantoti? Āvajjanapaṭibaddhaṃ khīṇāsavānaṃ jānanaṃ, anāvajjitattā panesa ajānanto pucchīti <a name="V2.0171"></a> eke. Thero samāpattibahulo, rattiṭṭhānadivāṭṭhānaleṇamaṇḍapādīsu niccaṃ samāpattibaleneva yāpeti, kulasantakampi gāmaṃ pavisitvā dvāre samāpattiṃ samāpajjitvā samāpattito vuṭṭhitova bhikkhaṃ gaṇhāti. Thero kira iminā pacchimena attabhāvena mahājanānuggahaṃ karissāmi – ‘‘ye mayhaṃ bhikkhaṃ vā denti gandhamālādīhi vā sakkāraṃ karonti, tesaṃ taṃ mahapphalaṃ hotū’’ti evaṃ <a name="M2.0191"></a> karoti. Tasmā samāpattibahulatāya na jānāti. Iti ajānantova pucchatīti vadanti, taṃ <a name="P2.0599"></a> na gahetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Na hettha ajānanakāraṇaṃ atthi. Abhilakkhitaṃ satthu parinibbānaṃ ahosi, dasasahassilokadhātukampanādīhi nimittehi. Therassa pana parisāya kehici bhikkhūhi bhagavā diṭṭhapubbo, kehici na diṭṭhapubbo, tattha yehipi diṭṭhapubbo, tepi passitukāmāva, yehipi adiṭṭhapubbo, tepi passitukāmāva. Tattha yehi na diṭṭhapubbo, te atidassanakāmatāya gantvā ‘‘kuhiṃ bhagavā’’ti pucchantā ‘‘parinibbuto’’ti sutvā sandhāretuṃ nāsakkhissanti. Cīvarañca pattañca chaḍḍetvā ekavatthā vā dunnivatthā vā duppārutā vā urāni paṭipisantā parodissanti. Tattha manussā – ‘‘mahākassapattherena saddhiṃ āgatā paṃsukūlikā sayampi itthiyo viya parodanti, te kiṃ amhe samassāsessantī’’ti mayhaṃ dosaṃ dassanti. Idaṃ pana suññaṃ mahāaraññaṃ, idha yathā tathā rodantesu doso natthi. Purimataraṃ sutvā nāma sokopi tanuko hotīti bhikkhūnaṃ satuppādanatthāya jānantova pucchi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ajja sattāhaparinibbuto samaṇo gotamo</span>ti ajja samaṇo gotamo sattāhaparinibbuto. <span class="bld">Tato me ida</span>nti tato samaṇassa gotamassa parinibbutaṭṭhānato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para232"></a><a name="para232_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">232</span>. <span class="bld">Subhaddo nāma vuḍḍhapabbajito</span>ti ‘‘subhaddo’’ti tassa nāmaṃ. Vuḍḍhakāle pana pabbajitattā ‘‘vuḍḍhapabbajito’’ti vuccati. Kasmā pana so evamāha? Bhagavati āghātena. Ayaṃ kireso khandhake āgate ātumāvatthusmiṃ nahāpitapubbako vuḍḍhapabbajito bhagavati kusinārato nikkhamitvā aḍḍhateḷasehi bhikkhusatehi saddhiṃ ātumaṃ āgacchante bhagavā āgacchatīti sutvā – ‘‘āgatakāle yāgupānaṃ karissāmī’’ti sāmaṇerabhūmiyaṃ ṭhite dve putte etadavoca – ‘‘bhagavā kira, tātā, ātumaṃ āgacchati mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ aḍḍhateḷasehi bhikkhusatehi; gacchatha tumhe, tātā, khurabhaṇḍaṃ ādāya nāḷiyāvāpakena anugharakaṃ anugharakaṃ āhiṇḍatha loṇampi telampi taṇḍulampi khādanīyampi <a name="P2.0600"></a> saṃharatha <a name="M2.0192"></a> bhagavato āgatassa yāgupānaṃ karissāmā’’ti (mahāva. 303). Te tathā akaṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Manussā <a name="V2.0172"></a> te dārake mañjuke paṭibhāneyyake disvā kāretukāmāpi akāretukāmāpi kārentiyeva. Katakāle – ‘‘kiṃ gaṇhissatha tātā’’ti pucchanti. Te vadanti – ‘‘na amhākaṃ aññena kenaci attho, pitā pana no bhagavato, āgatakāle yāgudānaṃ dātukāmo’’ti. Taṃ sutvā manussā aparigaṇetvāva yaṃ te sakkonti āharituṃ, sabbaṃ denti. Yampi na sakkonti, manussehi pesenti. Atha bhagavati ātumaṃ āgantvā bhusāgāraṃ paviṭṭhe subhaddo sāyanhasamayaṃ gāmadvāraṃ gantvā manusse āmantesi – ‘‘upāsakā, nāhaṃ tumhākaṃ santikā aññaṃ kiñci paccāsīsāmi, mayhaṃ dārakehi ābhatāni taṇḍulādīniyeva saṅghassa pahonti. Yaṃ hatthakammaṃ, taṃ me dethā’’ti. ‘‘Idañcidañca gaṇhathā’’ti sabbūpakaraṇāni gāhetvā vihāre uddhanāni kāretvā ekaṃ kāḷakaṃ kāsāvaṃ nivāsetvā tādisameva pārupitvā – ‘‘idaṃ karotha, idaṃ karothā’’ti sabbarattiṃ vicārento satasahassaṃ vissajjetvā bhojjayāguñca madhugoḷakañca paṭiyādāpesi. Bhojjayāgu nāma bhuñjitvā pātabbayāgu, tattha sappimadhuphāṇitamacchamaṃsapupphaphalarasādi yaṃ kiñci khādanīyaṃ nāma sabbaṃ pakkhipati kīḷitukāmānaṃ sīsamakkhanayoggā hoti sugandhagandhā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha bhagavā kālasseva sarīrapaṭijagganaṃ katvā bhikkhusaṅghaparivuto piṇḍāya carituṃ ātumanagarābhimukho pāyāsi. Manussā tassa ārocesuṃ – ‘‘bhagavā piṇḍāya gāmaṃ pavisati, tayā kassa yāgu paṭiyāditā’’ti. So yathānivatthapāruteheva tehi kāḷakakāsāvehi ekena hatthena dabbiñca kaṭacchuñca gahetvā brahmā viya dakkhiṇajāṇumaṇḍalaṃ bhūmiyaṃ patiṭṭhapetvā vanditvā – ‘‘paṭiggaṇhātu me, bhante, bhagavā yāgu’’nti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tato ‘‘jānantāpi tathāgatā pucchantī’’ti khandhake āgatanayena bhagavā pucchitvā ca sutvā ca taṃ vuḍḍhapabbajitaṃ vigarahitvā tasmiṃ vatthusmiṃ akappiyasamādānasikkhāpadañca, khurabhaṇḍapariharaṇasikkhāpadañcāti dve sikkhāpadāni <a name="P2.0601"></a> paññapetvā – ‘‘bhikkhave, anekakappakoṭiyo bhojanaṃ pariyesanteheva <a name="M2.0193"></a> vītināmitā, idaṃ pana tumhākaṃ akappiyaṃ adhammena uppannaṃ bhojanaṃ, imaṃ paribhuttānaṃ anekāni attabhāvasahassāni apāyesveva nibbattissanti, apetha mā gaṇhathā’’ti bhikkhācārābhimukho agamāsi. Ekabhikkhunāpi na kiñci gahitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Subhaddo anattamano hutvā ayaṃ ‘‘sabbaṃ jānāmī’’ti āhiṇḍati. Sace na gahitukāmo, pesetvā ārocetabbaṃ. Ayaṃ pakkāhāro nāma sabbaciraṃ tiṭṭhanto sattāhamattaṃ tiṭṭheyya. Idañhi mama yāvajīvaṃ pariyattaṃ assa. Sabbaṃ tena nāsitaṃ, ahitakāmo ayaṃ mayhanti <a name="V2.0173"></a> bhagavati āghātaṃ bandhitvā dasabale dharante kiñci vattuṃ nāsakkhi. Evaṃ kirassa ahosi – ‘‘ayaṃ uccā kulā pabbajito mahāpuriso, sace kiñci vakkhāmi, maṃyeva santajjessatī’’ti. Svāyaṃ ajja ‘‘parinibbuto bhagavā’’ti sutvā laddhassāso viya haṭṭhatuṭṭho evamāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Thero taṃ sutvā hadaye pahāradānaṃ viya matthake patitasukkhāsani viya maññi, dhammasaṃvego cassa uppajji – ‘‘sattāhamattaparinibbuto bhagavā, ajjāpissa suvaṇṇavaṇṇaṃ sarīraṃ dharatiyeva, dukkhena bhagavatā ārādhitasāsane nāma evaṃ lahu mahantaṃ pāpakasaṭaṃ kaṇṭako uppanno, alaṃ kho panesa pāpo vaḍḍhamāno aññepi evarūpe sahāye labhitvā sakkā sāsanaṃ osakkāpetu’’nti. Tato thero cintesi –</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Sace kho panāhaṃ imaṃ mahallakaṃ idheva pilotikaṃ nivāsāpetvā chārikāya okirāpetvā nīharāpessāmi, manussā ‘samaṇassa gotamassa sarīre dharamāneyeva sāvakā vivadantī’ti amhākaṃ dosaṃ dassessanti adhivāsemi tāva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bhagavatā hi desito dhammo asaṅgahitapuppharāsisadiso. Tattha yathā vātena pahaṭapupphāni yato vā tato vā gacchanti, evameva evarūpānaṃ pāpapuggalānaṃ vasena gacchante gacchante kāle vinaye ekaṃ dve sikkhāpadāni nassissanti, sutte eko dve pañhāvārā nassissanti, abhidhamme ekaṃ dve bhūmantarāni nassissanti, evaṃ anukkamena mūle naṭṭhe pisācasadisā bhavissāma; tasmā dhammavinayasaṅgahaṃ karissāma. Evañhi sati daḷhaṃ <a name="M2.0194"></a> suttena saṅgahitāni pupphāni viya ayaṃ dhammavinayo niccalo bhavissati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Etadatthañhi bhagavā <a name="P2.0602"></a> mayhaṃ tīṇi gāvutāni paccuggamanaṃ akāsi, tīhi ovādehi upasampadaṃ adāsi, kāyato apanetvā kāye cīvaraparivattanaṃ akāsi, ākāse pāṇiṃ cāletvā candūpamaṃ paṭipadaṃ kathento maṃ kāyasakkhiṃ katvā kathesi, tikkhattuṃ sakalasāsanadāyajjaṃ paṭicchāpesi. Mādise bhikkhumhi tiṭṭhamāne ayaṃ pāpo sāsane vuḍḍhiṃ mā alattha. Yāva adhammo na dippati, dhammo na paṭibāhiyati. Avinayo na dippati vinayo na paṭibāhiyati. Adhammavādino na balavanto honti, dhammavādino na dubbalā honti; avinayavādino na balavanto honti, vinayavādino na dubbalā honti. Tāva dhammañca vinayañca saṅgāyissāmi. Tato bhikkhū attano attano pahonakaṃ gahetvā kappiyākappiyaṃ <a name="V2.0174"></a> kathessanti. Athāyaṃ pāpo sayameva niggahaṃ pāpuṇissati, puna sīsaṃ ukkhipituṃ na sakkhissati, sāsanaṃ iddhañceva phītañca bhavissatī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">So evaṃ nāma mayhaṃ cittaṃ uppannanti kassaci anārocetvā bhikkhusaṅghaṃ samassāsesi. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo…pe… netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjatī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para233"></a><a name="para233_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">233</span>. <span class="bld">Citaka</span>nti vīsaratanasatikaṃ candanacitakaṃ. <span class="bld">Āḷimpessāmā</span>ti aggiṃ gāhāpessāma. <span class="bld">Na sakkonti āḷimpetu</span>nti aṭṭhapi soḷasapi dvattiṃsapi janā jālanatthāya yamakayamakaukkāyo gahetvā tālavaṇṭehi bījantā bhastāhi dhamantā tāni tāni kāraṇāni karontāpi na sakkontiyeva aggiṃ gāhāpetuṃ. <span class="bld">Devatānaṃ adhippāyo</span>ti ettha tā kira devatā therassa upaṭṭhākadevatāva. Asītimahāsāvakesu hi cittāni pasādetvā tesaṃ upaṭṭhākāni asītikulasahassāni sagge nibbattāni. Tattha there cittaṃ pasādetvā sagge nibbattā devatā tasmiṃ samāgame theraṃ adisvā – ‘‘kuhiṃ nu kho amhākaṃ kulūpakatthero’’ti antarāmagge paṭipannaṃ disvā ‘‘amhākaṃ kulūpakattherena avandite citako mā pajjalitthā’’ti adhiṭṭhahiṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Manussā <a name="M2.0195"></a> taṃ sutvā – ‘‘mahākassapo kira nāma bho bhikkhu pañcahi bhikkhusatehi saddhiṃ ‘dasabalassa pāde vandissāmī’ti āgacchati. Tasmiṃ kira anāgate citako na pajjalissati. Kīdiso bho so bhikkhu kāḷo odāto dīgho rasso, evarūpe nāma bho bhikkhumhi ṭhite kiṃ dasabalassa parinibbānaṃ nāmā’’ti keci <a name="P2.0603"></a> gandhamālādihatthā paṭipathaṃ gacchiṃsu. Keci vīthiyo vicittā katvā āgamanamaggaṃ olokayamānā aṭṭhaṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para234"></a><a name="para234_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">234</span>. <span class="bld">Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo yena kusinārā…pe… sirasā vandī</span>ti thero kira citakaṃ padakkhiṇaṃ katvā āvajjantova sallakkhesi – ‘‘imasmiṃ ṭhāne sīsaṃ, imasmiṃ ṭhāne pādā’’ti. Tato pādānaṃ samīpe ṭhatvā abhiññāpādakaṃ catutthajjhānaṃ samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhāya – ‘‘arāsahassapaṭimaṇḍitacakkalakkhaṇapatiṭṭhitā dasabalassa pādā saddhiṃ kappāsapaṭalehi pañca dussayugasatāni suvaṇṇadoṇiṃ candanacitakañca dvedhā katvā mayhaṃ uttamaṅge sirasmiṃ patiṭṭhahantū’’ti adhiṭṭhāsi. Saha adhiṭṭhānacittena tāni pañca dussayugasatāni dvedhā katvā valāhakantarā puṇṇacando viya pādā nikkhamiṃsu. Thero vikasitarattapadumasadise hatthe pasāretvā suvaṇṇavaṇṇe satthupāde yāva gopphakā daḷhaṃ gahetvā attano siravare patiṭṭhapesi. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘bhagavato pāde sirasā vandī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Mahājano <a name="V2.0175"></a> taṃ acchariyaṃ disvā ekappahāreneva mahānādaṃ nadi, gandhamālādīhi pūjetvā yathāruci vandi. Evaṃ pana therena ca mahājanena ca tehi ca pañcahi bhikkhusatehi vanditamatte puna adhiṭṭhānakiccaṃ natthi. Pakatiadhiṭṭhānavaseneva therassa hatthato muccitvā alattakavaṇṇāni bhagavato pādatalāni candanadāruādīsu kiñci acāletvāva yathāṭhāne patiṭṭhahiṃsu, yathāṭhāne ṭhitāneva ahesuṃ. Bhagavato hi pādesu nikkhamantesu vā pavisantesu vā kappāsaaṃsu vā dasikatantaṃ vā telabindu vā dārukkhandhaṃ vā ṭhānā calitaṃ nāma nāhosi. Sabbaṃ yathāṭhāne ṭhitameva ahosi. Uṭṭhahitvā pana atthaṅgate cande viya sūriye viya ca tathāgatassa pādesu antarahitesu mahājano mahākanditaṃ kandi. Parinibbānakālato adhikataraṃ kāruññaṃ ahosi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sayameva</span> <a name="M2.0196"></a> <span class="bld">bhagavato citako pajjalī</span>ti idaṃ pana kassaci pajjalāpetuṃ vāyamantassa adassanavasena vuttaṃ. Devatānubhāvena panesa samantato ekappahāreneva pajjali.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para235"></a><a name="para235_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">235</span>. <span class="bld">Sarīrāneva avasissiṃsū</span>ti pubbe ekagghanena ṭhitattā sarīraṃ nāma ahosi. Idāni vippakiṇṇattā sarīrānīti vuttaṃ sumanamakuḷasadisā <a name="P2.0604"></a> ca dhotamuttasadisā ca suvaṇṇasadisā ca dhātuyo avasissiṃsūti attho. Dīghāyukabuddhānañhi sarīraṃ suvaṇṇakkhandhasadisaṃ ekameva hoti. Bhagavā pana – ‘‘ahaṃ na ciraṃ ṭhatvā parinibbāyāmi, mayhaṃ sāsanaṃ tāva sabbattha na vitthāritaṃ, tasmā parinibbutassāpi me sāsapamattampi dhātuṃ gahetvā attano attano vasanaṭṭhāne cetiyaṃ katvā paricaranto mahājano saggaparāyaṇo hotū’’ti dhātūnaṃ vikiraṇaṃ adhiṭṭhāsi. Kati, panassa dhātuyo vippakiṇṇā, kati na vippakiṇṇāti. Catasso dāṭhā, dve akkhakā, uṇhīsanti imā satta dhātuyo na vippakiriṃsu, sesā vippakiriṃsūti. Tattha sabbakhuddakā dhātu sāsapabījamattā ahosi, mahādhātu majjhe bhinnataṇḍulamattā, atimahatī majjhe bhinnamuggamattāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Udakadhārā</span>ti aggabāhumattāpi jaṅghamattāpi tālakkhandhamattāpi udakadhārā ākāsato patitvā nibbāpesi. <span class="bld">Udakasālato</span>ti parivāretvā ṭhitasālarukkhe sandhāyetaṃ vuttaṃ, tesampi hi khandhantaraviṭapantarehi udakadhārā nikkhamitvā nibbāpesuṃ. Bhagavato citako mahanto. Samantā pathaviṃ bhinditvāpi naṅgalasīsamattā udakavaṭṭi phalikavaṭaṃsakasadisā uggantvā citakameva gaṇhanti. <span class="bld">Gandhodakenā</span>ti suvaṇṇaghaṭe rajataghaṭe ca pūretvā ābhatanānāgandhodakena. <span class="bld">Nibbāpesu</span>nti suvaṇṇamayarajatamayehi aṭṭhadaṇḍakehi vikiritvā candanacitakaṃ nibbāpesuṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha <a name="V2.0176"></a> ca citake jhāyamāne parivāretvā ṭhitasālarukkhānaṃ sākhantarehi viṭapantarehi pattantarehi jālā uggacchanti, pattaṃ vā sākhā vā pupphaṃ vā daḍḍhā nāma natthi, kipillikāpi makkaṭakāpi jālānaṃ antareneva vicaranti<a name="M2.0197"></a>. Ākāsato patitaudakadhārāsupi sālarukkhehi nikkhantaudakadhārāsupi pathaviṃ bhinditvā nikkhantaudakadhārāsupi dhammakathāva pamāṇaṃ. Evaṃ citakaṃ nibbāpetvā pana mallarājāno santhāgāre catujjātiyagandhaparibhaṇḍaṃ kāretvā lājapañcamāni pupphāni vikiritvā upari celavitānaṃ bandhitvā suvaṇṇatārakādīhi khacitvā tattha gandhadāmamālādāmaratanadāmāni olambetvā <a name="P2.0605"></a> santhāgārato yāva makuṭabandhanasaṅkhātā sīsapasādhanamaṅgalasālā, tāva ubhohi passehi sāṇikilañjaparikkhepaṃ kāretvā upari celavitānaṃ bandhāpetvā suvaṇṇatārakādīhi khacitvā tatthapi gandhadāmamālādāmaratanadāmāni olambetvā maṇidaṇḍavaṇṇehi veṇūhi ca pañcavaṇṇaddhaje ussāpetvā samantā vātapaṭākā parikkhipitvā susammaṭṭhāsu vīthīsu kadaliyo ca puṇṇaghaṭe ca ṭhapetvā daṇḍakadīpikā jāletvā alaṅkatahatthikkhandhe saha dhātūhi suvaṇṇadoṇiṃ ṭhapetvā mālāgandhādīhi pūjentā sādhukīḷitaṃ kīḷantā antonagaraṃ pavesetvā santhāgāre sarabhamayapallaṅke ṭhapetvā upari setacchattaṃ dhāresuṃ. Evaṃ katvā – ‘‘atha kho kosinārakā mallā bhagavato sarīrāni sattāhaṃ santhāgāre sattipañjaraṃ karitvā’’ti sabbaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">sattipañjaraṃ karitvā</span>ti sattihatthehi purisehi parikkhipāpetvā. <span class="bld">Dhanupākāra</span>nti paṭhamaṃ tāva hatthikumbhena kumbhaṃ paharante parikkhipāpesuṃ, tato asse gīvāya gīvaṃ paharante, tato rathe āṇikoṭiyā āṇikoṭiṃ paharante, tato yodhe bāhunā bāhuṃ paharante. Tesaṃ pariyante koṭiyā koṭiṃ paharamānāni dhanūni parikkhipāpesuṃ. Iti samantā yojanappamāṇaṃ ṭhānaṃ sattāhaṃ sannāhagavacchikaṃ viya katvā ārakkhaṃ saṃvidahiṃsu. Taṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ – ‘‘dhanupākāraṃ parikkhipāpetvā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kasmā panete evamakaṃsūti? Ito purimesu hi dvīsu sattāhesu te bhikkhusaṅghassa ṭhānanisajjokāsaṃ karontā khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ saṃvidahantā sādhukīḷikāya okāsaṃ na labhiṃsu. Tato nesaṃ ahosi – ‘‘imaṃ sattāhaṃ sādhukīḷitaṃ kīḷissāma, ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ vijjati yaṃ amhākaṃ pamattabhāvaṃ ñatvā kocideva āgantvā dhātuyo gaṇheyya, tasmā ārakkhaṃ ṭhapetvā kīḷissāmā’’ti. Te tathā evamakaṃsu.</p>
<p class="subhead">Sarīradhātuvibhajanavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para236"></a><a name="para236_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">236</span>. <span class="bld">Assosi</span> <a name="V2.0177"></a><a name="M2.0198"></a> <span class="bld">kho rājā</span>ti kathaṃ assosi? Paṭhamameva kirassa amaccā sutvā cintayiṃsu – ‘‘satthā nāma parinibbuto, na so sakkā puna āharituṃ. Pothujjanikasaddhāya pana amhākaṃ raññā sadiso natthi, sace esa imināva niyāmena suṇissati, hadayamassa phalissati. Rājā kho pana amhehi anurakkhitabbo’’ti te tisso suvaṇṇadoṇiyo āharitvā catumadhurassa pūretvā rañño santikaṃ gantvā etadavocuṃ – ‘‘deva<a name="P2.0606"></a>, amhehi supinako diṭṭho, tassa paṭighātatthaṃ tumhehi dukūladupaṭṭaṃ nivāsetvā yathā nāsāpuṭamattaṃ paññāyati, evaṃ catumadhuradoṇiyā nipajjituṃ vaṭṭatī’’ti. Rājā atthacarānaṃ amaccānaṃ vacanaṃ sutvā ‘‘evaṃ hotu tātā’’ti sampaṭicchitvā tathā akāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atheko amacco alaṅkāraṃ omuñcitvā kese pakiriya yāya disāya satthā parinibbuto, tadabhimukho hutvā añjaliṃ paggayha rājānaṃ āha – ‘‘deva, maraṇato muccanakasatto nāma natthi, amhākaṃ āyuvaḍḍhano cetiyaṭṭhānaṃ puññakkhettaṃ abhisekasiñcako so bhagavā satthā kusinārāya parinibbuto’’ti. Rājā sutvāva visaññījāto catumadhuradoṇiyaṃ usumaṃ muñci. Atha naṃ ukkhipitvā dutiyāya doṇiyā nipajjāpesuṃ. So puna saññaṃ labhitvā – ‘‘tātā, kiṃ vadethā’’ti pucchi. ‘‘Satthā, mahārāja, parinibbuto’’ti. Rājā punapi visaññījāto catumadhuradoṇiyā usumaṃ muñci. Atha naṃ tatopi ukkhipitvā tatiyāya doṇiyā nipajjāpesuṃ. So puna saññaṃ labhitvā ‘‘tātā, kiṃ vadethā’’ti pucchi. ‘‘Satthā, mahārāja, parinibbuto’’ti. Rājā punapi visaññījāto, atha naṃ ukkhipitvā nahāpetvā matthake ghaṭehi udakaṃ āsiñciṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Rājā saññaṃ labhitvā āsanā vuṭṭhāya gandhaparibhāvite maṇivaṇṇe kese vikiritvā suvaṇṇaphalakavaṇṇāya piṭṭhiyaṃ pakiritvā pāṇinā uraṃ paharitvā pavāḷaṅkuravaṇṇāhi suvaṭṭitaṅgulīhi suvaṇṇabimbisakavaṇṇaṃ uraṃ sibbanto viya gahetvā paridevamāno ummattakavesena antaravīthiṃ otiṇṇo, so alaṅkatanāṭakaparivuto nagarato nikkhamma jīvakambavanaṃ gantvā yasmiṃ ṭhāne nisinnena bhagavatā dhammo desito taṃ oloketvā <a name="M2.0199"></a> – ‘‘bhagavā sabbaññu, nanu imasmiṃ ṭhāne nisīditvā dhammaṃ desayittha, sokasallaṃ me vinodayittha, tumhe mayhaṃ sokasallaṃ nīharittha, ahaṃ tumhākaṃ saraṇaṃ gato, idāni pana me paṭivacanampi na detha, bhagavā’’ti punappunaṃ paridevitvā ‘‘nanu bhagavā ahaṃ aññadā evarūpe kāle ‘tumhe mahābhikkhusaṅghaparivārā <a name="V2.0178"></a> jambudīpatale cārikaṃ carathā’ti suṇomi, idāni panāhaṃ tumhākaṃ ananurūpaṃ ayuttaṃ pavattiṃ suṇomī’’ti evamādīni ca vatvā saṭṭhimattāhi gāthāhi <a name="P2.0607"></a> bhagavato guṇaṃ anussaritvā cintesi – ‘‘mama parideviteneva na sijjhati, dasabalassa dhātuyo āharāpessāmī’’ti evaṃ assosi. Sutvā ca imissā visaññibhāvādipavattiyā avasāne dūtaṃ pāhesi. Taṃ sandhāya <span class="bld">atha kho rājā</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">dūtaṃ pāhesī</span>ti dūtañca paṇṇañca pesesi. Pesetvā ca pana – ‘‘sace dassanti, sundaraṃ. No ce dassanti, āharaṇupāyena āharissāmī’’ti caturaṅginiṃ senaṃ sannayhitvā sayampi nikkhantoyeva. Yathā ca ajātasattu, evaṃ licchavīādayopi dūtaṃ pesetvā sayampi caturaṅginiyā senāya nikkhamiṃsuyeva. Tattha pāveyyakā sabbehi āsannatarā kusinārato tigāvutantare nagare vasanti, bhagavāpi pāvaṃ pavisitvāva kusināraṃ gato. Atha kasmā paṭhamataraṃ na āgatāti ce? Mahāparivārā panete rājāno mahāparivāraṃ karontāva pacchato jātā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Te saṅghe gaṇe etadavocu</span>nti sabbepi te sattanagaravāsino āgantvā – ‘‘amhākaṃ dhātuyo vā dentu, yuddhaṃ vā’’ti kusinārānagaraṃ parivāretvā ṭhite – ‘‘etaṃ bhagavā amhākaṃ gāmakkhette’’ti paṭivacanaṃ avocuṃ. Te kira evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘na mayaṃ satthu sāsanaṃ pahiṇimha, nāpi gantvā ānayimha. Satthā pana sayameva āgantvā sāsanaṃ pesetvā amhe pakkosāpesi. Tumhepi kho pana yaṃ tumhākaṃ gāmakkhette ratanaṃ uppajjati, na taṃ amhākaṃ detha. Sadevake ca loke buddharatanasamaṃ ratanaṃ nāma natthi, evarūpaṃ uttamaratanaṃ labhitvā mayaṃ na dassāma. Na kho pana tumhehiyeva mātuthanato khīraṃ pītaṃ, amhehipi mātuthanato khīraṃ pītaṃ. Na tumheyeva purisā, amhepi purisā hotū’’ti aññamaññaṃ ahaṃkāraṃ katvā sāsanapaṭisāsanaṃ pesenti, aññamaññaṃ mānagajjitaṃ gajjanti. Yuddhe pana sati kosinārakānaṃyeva jayo abhavissa. Kasmā? Yasmā dhātupāsanatthaṃ <a name="M2.0200"></a> āgatā devatā nesaṃ pakkhā ahesuṃ. Pāḷiyaṃ pana – ‘‘bhagavā amhākaṃ gāmakkhette parinibbuto, na mayaṃ dassāma bhagavato sarīrānaṃ bhāga’’nti ettakameva āgataṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para237"></a><a name="para237_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">237</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ vutte doṇo brāhmaṇo</span>ti doṇabrāhmaṇo imaṃ tesaṃ vivādaṃ sutvā – ‘‘ete rājāno bhagavato parinibbutaṭṭhāne vivādaṃ karonti, na kho panetaṃ patirūpaṃ, alaṃ iminā kalahena, vūpasamessāmi na’’nti so gantvā te saṅghe gaṇe etadavoca. Kimavoca? Unnatappadese <a name="V2.0179"></a><a name="P2.0608"></a> ṭhatvā dvibhāṇavāraparimāṇaṃ doṇagajjitaṃ nāma avoca. Tattha paṭhamabhāṇavāre tāva ekapadampi te na jāniṃsu. Dutiyabhāṇavārapariyosāne – ‘‘ācariyassa viya bho saddo, ācariyassa viya bho saddo’’ti sabbe niravā ahesuṃ. Jambudīpatale kira kulaghare jātā yebhuyyena tassa na antevāsiko nāma natthi. Atha so te attano vacanaṃ sutvā nirave tuṇhībhūte viditvā puna etadavoca – ‘‘suṇantu bhonto’’ti etaṃ gāthādvayaṃ avoca.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">amhākaṃ buddho</span>ti amhākaṃ buddho. <span class="bld">Ahu khantivādo</span>ti buddhabhūmiṃ appatvāpi pāramiyo pūrento khantivāditāpasakāle dhammapālakumārakāle chaddantahatthikāle bhūridattanāgarājakāle campeyyanāgarājakāle saṅkhapālanāgarājakāle mahākapikāle aññesu ca bahūsu jātakesu paresu kopaṃ akatvā khantimeva akāsi. Khantimeva vaṇṇayi. Kimaṅgaṃ pana etarahi iṭṭhāniṭṭhesu tādilakkhaṇaṃ patto, sabbathāpi amhākaṃ buddho khantivādo ahosi, tassa evaṃvidhassa. <span class="bld">Na hi sādhu yaṃ uttamapuggalassa, sarīrabhāge siyā sampahāroti na hi sādhuya</span>nti na hi sādhu ayaṃ. <span class="bld">Sarīrabhāge</span>ti sarīravibhāganimittaṃ, dhātukoṭṭhāsahetūti attho. <span class="bld">Siyā sampahāro</span>ti āvudhasampahāro sādhu na siyāti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbeva bhonto sahitā</span>ti sabbeva bhonto sahitā hotha, mā bhijjatha. <span class="bld">Samaggā</span>ti kāyena ca vācāya ca ekasannipātā ekavacanā samaggā hotha. <span class="bld">Sammodamānā</span>ti cittenāpi aññamaññaṃ sammodamānā hotha. <span class="bld">Karomaṭṭhabhāge</span>ti bhagavato sarīrāni aṭṭha bhāge karoma<a name="M2.0201"></a>. <span class="bld">Cakkhumato</span>ti pañcahi cakkhūhi cakkhumato buddhassa. Na kevalaṃ tumheyeva, bahujanopi pasanno, tesu ekopi laddhuṃ ayutto nāma natthīti bahuṃ kāraṇaṃ vatvā saññāpesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para238"></a><a name="para238_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">238</span>. <span class="bld">Tesaṃ saṅghānaṃ gaṇānaṃ paṭissutvā</span>ti tesaṃ tesaṃ tato tato samāgatasaṅghānaṃ samāgatagaṇānaṃ paṭissuṇitvā. <span class="bld">Bhagavato</span> <a name="P2.0609"></a> <span class="bld">sarīrāni aṭṭhadhā samaṃ suvibhattaṃ vibhajitvā</span>ti ettha ayamanukkamo – doṇo kira tesaṃ paṭissuṇitvā suvaṇṇadoṇiṃ vivarāpesi. Rājāno āgantvā doṇiyaṃyeva ṭhitā suvaṇṇavaṇṇā dhātuyo disvā – ‘‘bhagavā sabbaññu pubbe mayaṃ tumhākaṃ dvattiṃsamahāpurisalakkhaṇapaṭimaṇḍitaṃ chabbaṇṇabuddharasmikhacitaṃ asītianubyañjanasamujjalitasobhaṃ suvaṇṇavaṇṇaṃ sarīraṃ addasāma, idāni pana suvaṇṇavaṇṇāva dhātuyo avasiṭṭhā jātā, na yuttamidaṃ bhagavā tumhāka’’nti parideviṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Brāhmaṇopi tasmiṃ samaye tesaṃ pamattabhāvaṃ ñatvā dakkhiṇadāṭhaṃ gahetvā veṭhantare ṭhapesi, atha <a name="V2.0180"></a> pacchā aṭṭhadhā samaṃ suvibhattaṃ vibhaji, sabbāpi dhātuyo pākatikanāḷiyā soḷasa nāḷiyo ahesuṃ, ekekanagaravāsino dve dve nāḷiyo labhiṃsu. Brāhmaṇassa pana dhātuyo vibhajantasseva sakko devānamindo – ‘‘kena nu kho sadevakassa lokassa kaṅkhacchedanatthāya catusaccakathāya paccayabhūtā bhagavato dakkhiṇadāṭhā gahitā’’ti olokento ‘‘brāhmaṇena gahitā’’ti disvā – ‘‘brāhmaṇopi dāṭhāya anucchavikaṃ sakkāraṃ kātuṃ na sakkhissati, gaṇhāmi na’’nti veṭhantarato gahetvā suvaṇṇacaṅkoṭake ṭhapetvā devalokaṃ netvā cūḷāmaṇicetiye patiṭṭhapesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Brāhmaṇopi dhātuyo vibhajitvā dāṭhaṃ apassanto corikāya gahitattā – ‘‘kena me dāṭhā gahitā’’ti pucchitumpi nāsakkhi. ‘‘Nanu tayāva dhātuyo bhājitā, kiṃ tvaṃ paṭhamaṃyeva attano dhātuyā atthibhāvaṃ na aññāsī’’ti attani dosāropanaṃ sampassanto – ‘‘mayhampi koṭṭhāsaṃ dethā’’ti vattumpi nāsakkhi. Tato – ‘‘ayampi suvaṇṇatumbo dhātugatikova, yena tathāgatassa dhātuyo mitā, imassāhaṃ thūpaṃ karissāmī’’ti cintetvā <span class="bld">imaṃ me bhonto tumbaṃ dadantū</span>ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pippalivaniyā</span> <a name="M2.0202"></a> <span class="bld">moriyāpi</span> ajātasattuādayo viya dūtaṃ pesetvā yuddhasajjāva nikkhamiṃsu.</p>
<p class="subhead">Dhātuthūpapūjāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para239"></a><a name="para239_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">239</span>. <span class="bld">Rājagahe bhagavato sarīrānaṃ thūpañca mahañca akāsī</span>ti kathaṃ akāsi? Kusinārato yāva rājagahaṃ pañcavīsati yojanāni, etthantare aṭṭhausabhavitthataṃ samatalaṃ maggaṃ <a name="P2.0610"></a> kāretvā yādisaṃ mallarājāno makuṭabandhanassa ca santhāgārassa ca antare pūjaṃ kāresuṃ. Tādisaṃ pañcavīsatiyojanepi magge pūjaṃ kāretvā lokassa anukkaṇṭhanatthaṃ sabbattha antarāpaṇe pasāretvā suvaṇṇadoṇiyaṃ pakkhittadhātuyo sattipañjarena parikkhipāpetvā attano vijite pañcayojanasataparimaṇḍale manusse sannipātāpesi. Te dhātuyo gahetvā kusinārato sādhukīḷitaṃ kīḷantā nikkhamitvā yattha yattha suvaṇṇavaṇṇāni pupphāni passanti, tattha tattha dhātuyo sattiantare ṭhapetvā pūjaṃ akaṃsu. Tesaṃ pupphānaṃ khīṇakāle gacchanti, rathassa dhuraṭṭhānaṃ pacchimaṭṭhāne sampatte satta divase sādhukīḷitaṃ kīḷanti. Evaṃ dhātuyo gahetvā āgacchantānaṃ satta vassāni satta māsāni satta divasāni vītivattāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Micchādiṭṭhikā <a name="V2.0181"></a> – ‘‘samaṇassa gotamassa parinibbutakālato paṭṭhāya balakkārena sādhukīḷitāya upaddutamha sabbe no kammantā naṭṭhā’’ti ujjhāyantā manaṃ padosetvā chaḷāsītisahassamattā apāye nibbattā. Khīṇāsavā āvajjitvā ‘‘mahājano manaṃ padosetvā apāye nibbattī’’ti disvā – ‘‘sakkaṃ devarājānaṃ dhātuāharaṇūpāyaṃ kāressāmā’’ti tassa santikaṃ gantvā tamatthaṃ ārocetvā – ‘‘dhātuāharaṇūpāyaṃ karohi mahārājā’’ti āhaṃsu. Sakko āha – ‘‘bhante, puthujjano nāma ajātasattunā samo saddho natthi, na so mama vacanaṃ karissati, apica kho māravibhiṃsakasadisaṃ vibhiṃsakaṃ dassessāmi, mahāsaddaṃ sāvessāmi, yakkhagāhakakhipitakaarocake karissāmi, tumhe ‘amanussā mahārāja kupitā dhātuyo āharāpethā’ti vadeyyātha, evaṃ so āharāpessatī’’ti. Atha kho sakko taṃ sabbaṃ akāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Therāpi rājānaṃ upasaṅkamitvā – ‘‘mahārāja, amanussā kupitā, dhātuyo āharāpehī’’ti bhaṇiṃsu. Rājā – ‘‘na tāva, bhante, mayhaṃ cittaṃ <a name="M2.0203"></a> tussati, evaṃ santepi āharantū’’ti āha. Sattamadivase dhātuyo āhariṃsu. Evaṃ āhatā dhātuyo gahetvā rājagahe thūpañca mahañca akāsi. Itarepi attano attano <a name="P2.0611"></a> balānurūpena āharitvā sakasakaṭṭhānesu thūpañca mahañca akaṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para240"></a><a name="para240_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">240</span>. <span class="bld">Evametaṃ bhūtapubba</span>nti evaṃ etaṃ dhātubhājanañceva dasathūpakaraṇañca jambudīpe bhūtapubbanti pacchā saṅgītikārakā āhaṃsu. Evaṃ patiṭṭhitesu pana thūpesu mahākassapatthero dhātūnaṃ antarāyaṃ disvā rājānaṃ ajātasattuṃ upasaṅkamitvā ‘‘mahārāja, ekaṃ dhātunidhānaṃ kātuṃ vaṭṭatī’’ti āha. Sādhu, bhante, nidhānakammaṃ tāva mama hotu, sesadhātuyo pana kathaṃ āharāmīti? Na, mahārāja, dhātuāharaṇaṃ tuyhaṃ bhāro, amhākaṃ bhāroti. Sādhu, bhante, tumhe dhātuyo āharatha, ahaṃ dhātunidhānaṃ karissāmīti. Thero tesaṃ tesaṃ rājakulānaṃ paricaraṇamattameva ṭhapetvā sesadhātuyo āhari. Rāmagāme pana dhātuyo nāgā pariggaṇhiṃsu, tāsaṃ antarāyo natthi. ‘‘Anāgate laṅkādīpe mahāvihāre mahācetiyamhi nidahissantī’’ti tā na āharitvā sesehi sattahi nagarehi āharitvā rājagahassa pācīnadakkhiṇadisābhāge ṭhatvā – ‘‘imasmiṃ ṭhāne yo pāsāṇo atthi, so antaradhāyatu, paṃsu suvisuddhā hotu, udakaṃ mā uṭṭhahatū’’ti adhiṭṭhāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Rājā taṃ ṭhānaṃ khaṇāpetvā tato uddhatapaṃsunā iṭṭhakā kāretvā asītimahāsāvakānaṃ cetiyāni <a name="V2.0182"></a> kāreti. ‘‘Idha rājā kiṃ kāretī’’ti pucchantānampi ‘‘mahāsāvakānaṃ cetiyānī’’ti vadanti, na koci dhātunidhānabhāvaṃ jānāti. Asītihatthagambhīre pana tasmiṃ padese jāte heṭṭhā lohasanthāraṃ santharāpetvā tattha thūpārāme cetiyagharappamāṇaṃ tambalohamayaṃ gehaṃ kārāpetvā aṭṭha aṭṭha haricandanādimaye karaṇḍe ca thūpe ca kārāpesi. Atha bhagavato dhātuyo haricandanakaraṇḍe pakkhipitvā taṃ haricandanakaraṇḍakampi aññasmiṃ haricandanakaraṇḍake, tampi aññasminti evaṃ aṭṭha haricandanakaraṇḍe ekato katvā eteneva upāyena te aṭṭha karaṇḍe aṭṭhasu haricandanathūpesu, aṭṭha haricandanathūpe aṭṭhasu lohitacandanakaraṇḍesu, aṭṭha lohitacandanakaraṇḍe aṭṭhasu lohitacandanathūpesu, aṭṭha lohitacandanathūpe aṭṭhasu dantakaraṇḍesu<a name="P2.0612"></a>, aṭṭha dantakaraṇḍe <a name="M2.0204"></a> aṭṭhasu dantathūpesu, aṭṭha dantathūpe aṭṭhasu sabbaratanakaraṇḍesu, aṭṭha sabbaratanakaraṇḍe aṭṭhasu sabbaratanathūpesu, aṭṭha sabbaratanathūpe aṭṭhasu suvaṇṇakaraṇḍesu, aṭṭha suvaṇṇakaraṇḍe, aṭṭhasu suvaṇṇathūpesu, aṭṭha suvaṇṇathūpe aṭṭhasu rajatakaraṇḍesu, aṭṭha rajatakaraṇḍe aṭṭhasu rajatathūpesu, aṭṭha rajatathūpe, aṭṭhasu maṇikaraṇḍesu, aṭṭha maṇikaraṇḍe aṭṭhasu maṇithūpesu, aṭṭha maṇithūpe aṭṭhasu lohitaṅkakaraṇḍesu, aṭṭha lohitaṅkakaraṇḍe aṭṭhasu lohitaṅkathūpesu, aṭṭha lohitaṅkathūpe aṭṭhasu masāragallakaraṇḍesu, aṭṭha masāragallakaraṇḍe aṭṭhasu masāragallathūpesu, aṭṭha masāragallathūpe aṭṭhasu phalikakaraṇḍesu, aṭṭha phalikakaraṇḍe aṭṭhasu phalikamayathūpesu pakkhipi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sabbesaṃ uparimaṃ phalikacetiyaṃ thūpārāmacetiyappamāṇaṃ ahosi, tassa upari sabbaratanamayaṃ gehaṃ kāresi, tassa upari suvaṇṇamayaṃ, tassa upari rajatamayaṃ, tassa upari tambalohamayaṃ gehaṃ. Tattha sabbaratanamayaṃ vālikaṃ okiritvā jalajathalajapupphānaṃ sahassāni vippakiritvā aḍḍhachaṭṭhāni jātakasatāni asītimahāthere suddhodanamahārājānaṃ mahāmāyādeviṃ satta sahajāteti sabbānetāni suvaṇṇamayāneva kāresi. Pañcapañcasate suvaṇṇarajatamaye puṇṇaghaṭe ṭhapāpesi, pañca suvaṇṇaddhajasate ussāpesi. Pañcasate suvaṇṇadīpe, pañcasate rajatadīpe kārāpetvā sugandhatelassa pūretvā tesu dukūlavaṭṭiyo ṭhapesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Athāyasmā mahākassapo – ‘‘mālā mā milāyantu, gandhā mā vinassantu, dīpā mā vijjhāyantū’’ti adhiṭṭhahitvā suvaṇṇapaṭṭe akkharāni chindāpesi –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Anāgate piyadāso nāma kumāro chattaṃ ussāpetvā asoko dhammarājā bhavissati. So imā dhātuyo vitthārikā karissatī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Rājā <a name="V2.0183"></a> sabbapasādhanehi pūjetvā ādito paṭṭhāya dvāraṃ pidahanto nikkhami, so tambalohadvāraṃ pidahitvā āviñchanarajjuyaṃ kuñcikamuddikaṃ bandhitvā <a name="M2.0205"></a> tattheva mahantaṃ maṇikkhandhaṃ ṭhapetvā – ‘‘anāgate daliddarājā imaṃ maṇiṃ gahetvā <a name="P2.0613"></a> dhātūnaṃ sakkāraṃ karotū’’ti akkharaṃ chindāpesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sakko devarājā vissakammaṃ āmantetvā – ‘‘tāta, ajātasattunā dhātunidhānaṃ kataṃ, ettha ārakkhaṃ paṭṭhapehī’’ti pahiṇi. So āgantvā vāḷasaṅghāṭayantaṃ yojesi, kaṭṭharūpakāni tasmiṃ dhātugabbhe phalikavaṇṇakhagge gāhetvā vātasadisena vegena anupariyāyantaṃ yantaṃ yojetvā ekāya eva āṇiyā bandhitvā samantato giñjakāvasathākārena silāparikkhepaṃ katvā upari ekāya pidahitvā paṃsuṃ pakkhipitvā bhūmiṃ samaṃ katvā tassa upari pāsāṇathūpaṃ patiṭṭhapesi. Evaṃ niṭṭhite dhātunidhāne yāvatāyukaṃ ṭhatvā theropi parinibbuto, rājāpi yathākammaṃ gato, tepi manussā kālaṅkatā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparabhāge piyadāso nāma kumāro chattaṃ ussāpetvā asoko nāma dhammarājā hutvā tā dhātuyo gahetvā jambudīpe vitthārikā akāsi. Kathaṃ? So nigrodhasāmaṇeraṃ nissāya sāsane laddhappasādo caturāsīti vihārasahassāni kāretvā bhikkhusaṅghaṃ pucchi – ‘‘bhante, mayā caturāsīti vihārasahassāni kāritāni, dhātuyo kuto labhissāmī’’ti? Mahārāja, – ‘‘dhātunidhānaṃ nāma atthī’’ti suṇoma, na pana paññāyati – ‘‘asukasmiṃ ṭhāne’’ti. Rājā rājagahe cetiyaṃ bhindāpetvā dhātuṃ apassanto paṭipākatikaṃ kāretvā bhikkhubhikkhuniyo upāsakaupāsikāyoti catasso parisā gahetvā vesāliṃ gato. Tatrāpi alabhitvā kapilavatthuṃ. Tatrāpi alabhitvā rāmagāmaṃ gato. Rāmagāme nāgā cetiyaṃ bhindituṃ na adaṃsu, cetiye nipatitakudālo khaṇḍākhaṇḍaṃ hoti. Evaṃ tatrāpi alabhitvā allakappaṃ veṭhadīpaṃ pāvaṃ kusināranti sabbattha cetiyāni bhinditvā dhātuṃ alabhitvāva paṭipākatikāni katvā puna rājagahaṃ gantvā catasso parisā sannipātāpetvā – ‘‘atthi kenaci sutapubbaṃ ‘asukaṭṭhāne nāma dhātunidhāna’nti’’ pucchi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatreko vīsavassasatiko thero – ‘‘asukaṭṭhāne dhātunidhāna’’nti na jānāmi, mayhaṃ pana pitā mahāthero maṃ sattavassakāle <a name="P2.0614"></a> mālācaṅkoṭakaṃ gāhāpetvā – ‘‘ehi sāmaṇera, asukagacchantare pāsāṇathūpo <a name="M2.0206"></a> atthi, tattha gacchāmā’’ti gantvā pūjetvā – ‘‘imaṃ ṭhānaṃ upadhāretuṃ vaṭṭati sāmaṇerā’’ti āha. Ahaṃ ettakaṃ jānāmi mahārājāti āha. Rājā ‘‘etadeva ṭhāna’’nti <a name="V2.0184"></a> vatvā gacche hāretvā pāsāṇathūpañca paṃsuñca apanetvā heṭṭhā sudhābhūmiṃ addasa. Tato sudhañca iṭṭhakāyo ca hāretvā anupubbena pariveṇaṃ oruyha sattaratanavālukaṃ asihatthāni ca kaṭṭharūpakāni samparivattakāni addasa. So yakkhadāsake pakkosāpetvā balikammaṃ kāretvāpi neva antaṃ na koṭiṃ passanto devatānaṃ namassamāno – ‘‘ahaṃ imā dhātuyo gahetvā caturāsītiyā vihārasahassesu nidahitvā sakkāraṃ karomi, mā me devatā antarāyaṃ karontū’’ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sakko devarājā cārikaṃ caranto taṃ disvā vissakammaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘tāta, asoko dhammarājā ‘dhātuyo nīharissāmī’ti pariveṇaṃ otiṇṇo, gantvā kaṭṭharūpakāni hārehī’’ti. So pañcacūḷagāmadārakavesena gantvā rañño purato dhanuhattho ṭhatvā – ‘‘harāmi mahārājā’’ti āha. ‘‘Hara, tātā’’ti saraṃ gahetvā sandhimhiyeva vijjhi, sabbaṃ vippakiriyittha. Atha rājā āviñchane bandhaṃ kuñcikamuddikaṃ gaṇhi, maṇikkhandhaṃ passi. ‘‘Anāgate daliddarājā imaṃ maṇiṃ gahetvā dhātūnaṃ sakkāraṃ karotū’’ti puna akkharāni disvā kujjhitvā – ‘‘mādisaṃ nāma rājānaṃ daliddarājāti vattuṃ ayutta’’nti punappunaṃ ghaṭetvā dvāraṃ vivarāpetvā antogehaṃ paviṭṭho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aṭṭhārasavassādhikānaṃ dvinnaṃ vassasatānaṃ upari āropitadīpā tatheva pajjalanti. Nīluppalapupphāni taṅkhaṇaṃ āharitvā āropitāni viya, pupphasanthāro taṅkhaṇaṃ santhato viya, gandhā taṃ muhuttaṃ pisitvā ṭhapitā viya rājā suvaṇṇapaṭṭaṃ gahetvā – ‘‘anāgate piyadāso nāma kumāro chattaṃ ussāpetvā asoko nāma dhammarājā bhavissati so imā dhātuyo vitthārikā karissatī’’ti vācetvā – ‘‘diṭṭho bho, ahaṃ ayyena mahākassapattherenā’’ti vatvā vāmahatthaṃ ābhujitvā dakkhiṇena hatthena apphoṭesi. So tasmiṃ ṭhāne paricaraṇadhātumattameva ṭhapetvā sesā dhātuyo gahetvā <a name="P2.0615"></a> dhātugehaṃ pubbe pihitanayeneva pidahitvā sabbaṃ yathāpakatiyāva katvā upari pāsāṇacetiyaṃ patiṭṭhāpetvā caturāsītiyā vihārasahassesu dhātuyo <a name="M2.0207"></a> patiṭṭhāpetvā mahāthere vanditvā pucchi – ‘‘dāyādomhi, bhante, buddhasāsane’’ti. Kissa dāyādo tvaṃ, mahārāja, bāhirako tvaṃ sāsanassāti. Bhante, channavutikoṭidhanaṃ vissajjetvā caturāsīti vihārasahassāni kāretvā ahaṃ na dāyādo, añño ko dāyādoti? Paccayadāyako nāma tvaṃ mahārāja, yo pana attano puttañca dhītarañca pabbājeti, ayaṃ sāsane dāyādo nāmāti. So puttañca dhītarañca pabbājesi. Atha naṃ therā āhaṃsu – ‘‘idāni, mahārāja, sāsane dāyādosī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evametaṃ</span> <a name="V2.0185"></a> <span class="bld">bhūtapubba</span>nti evaṃ etaṃ atīte dhātunidhānampi jambudīpatale bhūtapubbanti. Tatiyasaṅgītikārāpi imaṃ padaṃ ṭhapayiṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aṭṭhadoṇaṃ cakkhumato sarīra</span>ntiādigāthāyo pana tambapaṇṇidīpe therehi vuttāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti sumaṅgalavilāsiniyā dīghanikāyaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</p>
<p class="centered">Mahāparinibbānasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter"><a name="dn2_4"></a>4. Mahāsudassanasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">Kusāvatīrājadhānīvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para241"></a><a name="para241_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">241</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="P2.0616"></a><a name="V2.0186"></a><a name="M2.0208"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti mahāsudassanasuttaṃ. Tatrāyaṃ apubbapadavaṇṇanā – <span class="bld">sabbaratanamayo</span>ti ettha ekā iṭṭhakā sovaṇṇamayā, ekā rūpiyamayā, ekā veḷuriyamayā, ekā phalikamayā, ekā lohitaṅkamayā, ekā masāragallamayā, ekā sabbaratanamayā, ayaṃ pākāro sabbapākārānaṃ anto ubbedhena saṭṭhihattho ahosi. Eke pana therā – ‘‘nagaraṃ nāma anto ṭhatvā olokentānaṃ dassanīyaṃ vaṭṭati, tasmā sabbabāhiro saṭṭhihattho, sesā anupubbanīcā’’ti vadanti. Eke – ‘‘bahi ṭhatvā olokentānaṃ dassanīyaṃ vaṭṭati, tasmā sabbaabbhantarimo saṭṭhihattho, sesā anupubbanīcā’’ti. Eke – ‘‘anto ca bahi ca ṭhatvā olokentānaṃ dassanīyaṃ vaṭṭati, tasmā majjhe pākāro saṭṭhihattho, anto ca bahi ca tayo tayo anupubbanīcā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Esikā</span>ti esikatthambho. <span class="bld">Tiporisaṅgā</span>ti ekaṃ porisaṃ majjhimapurisassa attano hatthena pañcahatthaṃ, tena tiporisaparikkhepā pannarasahatthaparimāṇāti attho. Te pana kathaṃ ṭhitāti? Nagarassa bāhirapasse ekekaṃ mahādvārabāhaṃ nissāya ekeko, ekekaṃ khuddakadvārabāhaṃ nissāya ekeko, mahādvārakhuddakadvārānaṃ antarā tayo tayoti. Tālapantīsu sabbaratanamayānaṃ tālānaṃ ekaṃ sovaṇṇamayanti pākāre vuttalakkhaṇameva veditabbaṃ, paṇṇaphalesupi eseva nayo. Tā pana tālapantiyo asītihatthā ubbedhena, vippakiṇṇavāluke samatale bhūmibhāge pākārantare ekekā hutvā ṭhitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vaggū</span>ti cheko sundaro. <span class="bld">Rajanīyo</span>ti rañjetuṃ samattho. <span class="bld">Khamanīyo</span>ti divasampi suyyamāno khamateva, na bībhaccheti. <span class="bld">Madanīyo</span>ti <a name="P2.0617"></a> mānamadapurisamadajanano. <span class="bld">Pañcaṅgikassā</span>ti ātataṃ vitataṃ ātatavitataṃ <a name="V2.0187"></a> susiraṃ ghananti imehi pañcahaṅgehi samannāgatassa. Tattha <span class="bld">ātataṃ</span> nāma cammapariyonaddhesu bherīādīsu ekatalaṃ tūriyaṃ. <span class="bld">Vitataṃ</span> nāma ubhayatalaṃ. <span class="bld">Ātatavitataṃ</span> nāma sabbato pariyonaddhaṃ. <span class="bld">Susiraṃ</span> <a name="M2.0209"></a> nāma vaṃsādi. <span class="bld">Ghanaṃ</span> nāma sammādi. <span class="bld">Suvinītassā</span>ti ākaḍḍhanasithilakaraṇādīhi sumucchitassa. <span class="bld">Suppaṭitāḷitassā</span>ti pamāṇe ṭhitabhāvajānanatthaṃ suṭṭhu paṭitāḷitassa. <span class="bld">Sukusalehi samannāhatassā</span>ti ye vādituṃ chekā kusalā, tehi vāditassa. <span class="bld">Dhuttā</span>ti akkhadhuttā,. <span class="bld">Soṇḍā</span>ti surāsoṇḍā. Teyeva punappunaṃ pātukāmatāvasena <span class="bld">pipāsā. Paricāresu</span>nti (dī. ni. 2.132) hatthaṃ vā pādaṃ vā cāletvā naccantā kīḷiṃsu.</p>
<p class="subhead">Cakkaratanavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para243"></a><a name="para243_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">243</span>. <span class="bld">Sīsaṃ nhātassā</span>ti sīsena saddhiṃ gandhodakena nahātassa. <span class="bld">Uposathikassā</span>ti samādinnauposathaṅgassa. <span class="bld">Uparipāsādavaragatassā</span>ti pāsādavarassa upari gatassa, subhojanaṃ bhuñjitvā pāsādavarassa uparimahātale sirigabbhaṃ pavisitvā sīlāni āvajjantassa. Tadā kira rājā pātova satasahassaṃ vissajjetvā mahādānaṃ datvā soḷasahi gandhodakaghaṭehi sīsaṃ nahāyitvā katapātarāso suddhaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ ekaṃsaṃ karitvā uparipāsādassa sirisayane pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā nisinno attano dānādimayaṃ puññasamudāyaṃ āvajjanto nisīdi. Ayaṃ sabbacakkavattīnaṃ dhammatā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tesaṃ taṃ āvajjantānaṃyeva vuttappakārapuññakammapaccayautusamuṭṭhānaṃ nīlamaṇisaṅghātasadisaṃ pācīnasamuddajalatalaṃ bhindamānaṃ viya, ākāsaṃ alaṅkurumānaṃ viya dibbaṃ cakkaratanaṃ pātubhavati. Taṃ mahāsudassanassāpi tatheva pāturahosi. Tayidaṃ dibbānubhāvayuttattā dibbanti vuttaṃ. Sahassaṃ assa arānanti <span class="bld">sahassāraṃ.</span> Saha nemiyā, saha nābhiyā cāti <span class="bld">sanemikaṃ sanābhikaṃ.</span> Sabbehi ākārehi paripuṇṇanti <span class="bld">sabbākāraparipūraṃ.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha cakkañca taṃ ratijananaṭṭhena ratanañcāti <span class="bld">cakkaratanaṃ.</span> Yāya pana taṃ nābhiyā ‘‘sanābhika’’nti vuttaṃ, sā indanīlamayā hoti, majjhe panassā sārarajatamayā panāḷi, yāya <a name="P2.0618"></a> suddhasiniddhadantapantiyā hasamānā viya virocati, majjhe chiddena viya candamaṇḍalena, ubhosupi bāhirantesu rajatapaṭṭena kataparikkhepā hoti. Tesu panassa nābhipanāḷiparikkhepapaṭṭesu <a name="M2.0210"></a> yuttayuttaṭṭhānesu paricchedalekhā suvibhattāva hutvā paññāyanti. Ayaṃ tāva assa nābhiyā sabbākāraparipūratā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yehi <a name="V2.0188"></a> pana taṃ – ‘‘arehi sahassāra’’nti vuttaṃ, te sattaratanamayā sūriyarasmiyo viya pabhāsampannā honti, tesampi ghaṭakamaṇikaparicchedalekhādīni suvibhattāneva hutvā paññāyanti. Ayamassa arānaṃ sabbākāraparipūratā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yāya pana taṃ nemiyā – ‘‘sanemika’’nti vuttaṃ, sā bālasūriyarasmikalāpasiriṃ avahasamānā viya surattasuddhasiniddhapavāḷamayā hoti. Sandhīsu panassā sañjhārāgasassirikā rattajambunadapaṭṭā vaṭṭaparicchedalekhā suvibhattā hutvā paññāyanti. Ayamassa nemiyā sabbākāraparipūratā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nemimaṇḍalapiṭṭhiyaṃ panassa dasannaṃ dasannaṃ arānaṃ antare dhamanavaṃso viya anto susiro chiddamaṇḍalakhacito vātagāhī pavāḷadaṇḍo hoti, yassa vāteritassa sukusalasamannāhatassa pañcaṅgikatūriyassa viya saddo vaggu ca rajanīyo ca kamanīyo ca madanīyo ca hoti. Tassa kho pana pavāḷadaṇḍassa upari setacchattaṃ ubhosu passesu samosaritakusumadāmānaṃ dve pantiyoti evaṃ samosaritakusumadāmapantisatadvayaparivārasetacchattasatadhārinā pavāḷadaṇḍasatena samupasobhitanemiparikkhepassa dvinnampi nābhipanāḷīnaṃ anto dve sīhamukhāni honti, yehi tālakkhandhappamāṇā puṇṇacandakiraṇakalāpasassirīkā taruṇaravisamānarattakambalageṇḍukapariyantā ākāsagaṅgāgatisobhaṃ avahasamānā viya dve muttakalāpā olambanti. Yehi cakkaratanena saddhiṃ ākāse samparivattamānehi tīṇi cakkāni ekato parivattantāni viya khāyanti. Ayamassa sabbaso sabbākāraparipūratā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Taṃ panetaṃ evaṃ sabbākāraparipūraṃ pakatiyā sāyamāsabhattaṃ bhuñjitvā attano attano gharadvāre paññattāsanesu nisīditvā pavattakathāsallāpesu manussesu vīthicatukkādīsu <a name="P2.0619"></a> kīḷamāne dārakajane nātiuccena nātinīcena vanasaṇḍamatthakāsannena ākāsappadesena upasobhayamānaṃ viya, rukkhasākhaggāni dvādasayojanato paṭṭhāya suyyamānena madhurassarena <a name="M2.0211"></a> sattānaṃ sotāni odhāpayamānaṃ yojanato paṭṭhāya nānappabhāsamudayasamujjalena vaṇṇena nayanāni samākaḍḍhantaṃ viya, rañño cakkavattissa puññānubhāvaṃ ugghosayantaṃ viya, rājadhāniyā abhimukhaṃ āgacchati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Athassa cakkaratanassa saddasavaneneva – ‘‘kuto nu kho, kassa nu kho ayaṃ saddo’’ti āvajjitahadayānaṃ puratthimadisaṃ ālokayamānānaṃ tesaṃ manussānaṃ aññataro aññataraṃ evamāha <a name="V2.0189"></a> – ‘‘passatha, bho, acchariyaṃ, ayaṃ puṇṇacando pubbe eko uggacchati, ajjeva pana attadutiyo uggato, etañhi rājahaṃsamithunamiva puṇṇacandamithunaṃ pubbāpariyena gaganatalaṃ abhilaṅghatī’’ti. Tamañño āha – ‘‘kiṃ kathesi, samma, kuhiṃ nāma tayā dve puṇṇacandā ekato uggacchantā diṭṭhapubbā, nanu esa tapanīyaraṃsidhāro piñcharakiraṇo divākaro uggato’’ti, tamañño hasitaṃ katvā evamāha – ‘‘kiṃ ummattosi, nanu idāneva divākaro atthaṅgato, so kathaṃ imaṃ puṇṇacandaṃ anubandhamāno uggacchissati? Addhā panetaṃ anekaratanappabhāsamudayujjalaṃ ekassāpi puññavato vimānaṃ bhavissatī’’ti. Te sabbepi apasārayantā aññe evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘bho, kiṃ bahuṃ vilapatha, nevāyaṃ puṇṇacando, na sūriyo na devavimānaṃ. Na hetesaṃ evarūpā sirisampatti atthi, cakkaratanena pana etena bhavitabba’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ pavattasallāpasseva tassa janassa candamaṇḍalaṃ ohāya taṃ cakkaratanaṃ abhimukhaṃ hoti. Tato tehi – ‘‘kassa nu kho idaṃ nibbatta’’nti vutte bhavanti vattāro – ‘‘na kassaci aññassa, nanu amhākaṃ mahārājā pūritacakkavattivatto, tassetaṃ nibbatta’’nti. Atha so ca mahājano, yo ca añño passati, sabbo cakkaratanameva anugacchati. Taṃ cāpi cakkaratanaṃ raññoyeva atthāya attano āgatabhāvaṃ ñāpetukāmaṃ viya sattakkhattuṃ pākāramatthakeneva <a name="P2.0620"></a> nagaraṃ anusaṃyāyitvā, atha rañño antepuraṃ padakkhiṇaṃ katvā, antepurassa ca uttarasīhapañjarasadise ṭhāne yathā gandhapupphādīhi sukhena sakkā hoti pūjetuṃ, evaṃ akkhāhataṃ viya tiṭṭhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ ṭhitassa panassa vātapānachiddādīhi pavisitvā nānāvirāgaratanappabhāsamujjalaṃ antopāsādaṃ alaṅkurumānaṃ pabhāsamūhaṃ disvā dassanatthāya sañjātābhilāso <a name="M2.0212"></a> rājā hoti. Parijanopissa piyavacanapābhatena āgantvā tamatthaṃ nivedeti. Atha rājā balavapītipāmojjaphuṭasarīro pallaṅkaṃ mocetvā uṭṭhāyāsanā sīhapañjarasamīpaṃ gantvā taṃ cakkaratanaṃ disvā ‘‘sutaṃ kho pana meta’’ntiādikaṃ cintanaṃ cintayati. Mahāsudassanassāpi sabbaṃ taṃ tatheva ahosi. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘disvā rañño mahāsudassanassa…pe… assaṃ nu kho ahaṃ rājā cakkavattī’’ti. Tattha <span class="bld">so hoti rājā cakkavattī</span>ti kittāvatā cakkavattī hotīti? Ekaṅguladvaṅgulamattampi cakkaratane ākāsaṃ abbhuggantvā pavatte idāni tassa pavattāpanatthaṃ yaṃ kātabbaṃ, taṃ dassento <span class="bld">atha kho ānandā</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para244"></a><a name="para244_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">244</span>. Tattha <a name="V2.0190"></a> <span class="bld">uṭṭhāyāsanā</span>ti nisinnāsanato uṭṭhahitvā cakkaratanasamīpaṃ āgantvā. <span class="bld">Suvaṇṇabhiṅkāraṃ gahetvā</span>ti hatthisoṇḍasadisapanāḷiṃ suvaṇṇabhiṅkāraṃ ukkhipitvā. <span class="bld">Anvadeva rājā mahāsudassano saddhiṃ caturaṅginiyā senāyā</span>ti sabbacakkavattīnañhi udakena abbhukkiritvā – ‘‘abhivijinātu bhavaṃ cakkaratana’’nti vacanasamanantarameva vehāsaṃ abbhuggantvā cakkaratanaṃ pavattati. Yassa pavatti samakālameva so rājā cakkavattī nāma hoti. Pavatte pana cakkaratane taṃ anubandhamānova rājā cakkavattiyānavaraṃ āruyha vehāsaṃ abbhuggacchati. Athassa chattacāmarādihattho parijano ceva antepurajano ca tato nānākārakañcukakavacādisannāhavibhūsitena vividhābharaṇappabhāsamujjalena samussitaddhajapaṭākapaṭimaṇḍitena attano attano balakāyena saddhiṃ uparājasenāpatipabhutayopi vehāsaṃ abbhuggantvā rājānameva parivārenti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Rājayuttā pana janasaṅgahatthaṃ nagaravīthīsu bheriyo carāpenti – ‘‘tātā, amhākaṃ rañño cakkaratanaṃ nibbattaṃ, attano vibhavānurūpena maṇḍitapasādhikā sannipatathā’’ti. Mahājano <a name="P2.0621"></a> pana pakatiyā cakkaratanasaddeneva sabbakiccāni pahāya gandhapupphādīni ādāya sannipatitova sopi sabbo vehāsaṃ abbhuggantvā rājānameva parivāreti. Yassa yassa hi raññā saddhiṃ gantukāmatācittaṃ uppajjati, so so ākāsagatova hoti. Evaṃ dvādasayojanāyāmavitthārā parisā hoti. Tattha ekapurisopi chinnabhinnasarīro vā kiliṭṭhavattho vā <a name="M2.0213"></a> natthi. Suciparivāro hi rājā cakkavattī. Cakkavattiparisā nāma vijjādharapurisā viya ākāse gacchamānā indanīlamaṇitale vippakiṇṇaratanasadisā hoti. Mahāsudassanassāpi tatheva ahosi. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘anvadeva rājā mahāsudassano saddhiṃ caturaṅginiyā senāyā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Taṃ pana cakkaratanaṃ rukkhaggānaṃ uparūpari nātiuccena nātinīcena gaganappadesena pavattati. Yathā rukkhānaṃ pupphaphalapallavehi atthikā, tāni sukhena gahetuṃ sakkonti. Yathā ca bhūmiyaṃ ṭhitā ‘‘esa rājā, esa uparājā, esa senāpatī’’ti sallakkhetuṃ sakkonti. Ṭhānādīsu ca iriyāpathesu yo yena icchati, so teneva gacchati. Cittakammādisippapasutā cettha attano attano kiccaṃ karontāyeva gacchanti. Yatheva hi bhūmiyaṃ, tathā tesaṃ sabbakiccāni ākāseva ijjhanti. Evaṃ cakkavattiparisaṃ gahetvā taṃ cakkaratanaṃ vāmapassena sineruṃ pahāya mahāsamuddassa uparibhāgena sattasahassayojanappamāṇaṃ pubbavidehaṃ gacchati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha yo vinibbedhena dvādasayojanāya, parikkhepato chattiṃsayojanāya parisāya sannivesakkhamo <a name="V2.0191"></a> sulabhāhārūpakaraṇo chāyudakasampanno sucisamatalo ramaṇīyo bhūmibhāgo, tassa uparibhāge taṃ cakkaratanaṃ akkhāhataṃ viya tiṭṭhati. Atha tena saññāṇena so mahājano otaritvā yathāruci nahānabhojanādīni sabbakiccāni karonto vāsaṃ kappeti. Mahāsudassanassāpi sabbaṃ tatheva ahosi. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘yasmiṃ kho panānanda, padese cakkaratanaṃ patiṭṭhāti, tattha so rājā mahāsudassano vāsaṃ upagacchi saddhiṃ caturaṅginiyā senāyā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ vāsaṃ upagate cakkavattimhi ye tattha rājāno, te ‘‘paracakkaṃ āgata’’nti sutvāpi na balakāyaṃ sannipātetvā yuddhasajjā honti. Cakkaratanassa hi uppattisamanantarameva natthi so satto nāma, yo paccatthikasaññāya taṃ rājānaṃ ārabbha <a name="P2.0622"></a> āvudhaṃ ukkhipituṃ visaheyya. Ayamānubhāvo cakkaratanassa.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Cakkānubhāvena <a name="M2.0214"></a> hi tassa rañño,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Arī asesā damathaṃ upenti;</p>
<p class="gatha3"><span class="bld">Arindamaṃ</span> nāma narādhipassa,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Teneva taṃ vuccati tassa cakkanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tasmā sabbepi te rājāno attano attano rajjasirivibhavānurūpaṃ pābhataṃ gahetvā taṃ rājānaṃ upagamma onatasirā attano moḷimaṇippabhābhisekena tassa pādapūjaṃ karontā – ‘‘ehi kho, mahārājā’’tiādīhi vacanehi tassa kiṃkārapaṭisāvitaṃ āpajjanti. Mahāsudassanassāpi tatheva akaṃsu. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘ye kho, panānanda, puratthimāya disāya…pe… anusāsa, mahārājā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">svāgata</span>nti su āgataṃ. Ekasmiñhi āgate socanti, gate nandanti. Ekasmiṃ āgate nandanti, gate socanti, tādiso tvaṃ āgamananandano, gamanasocano. Tasmā tava āgamanaṃ suāgamananti vuttaṃ hoti. Evaṃ vutte pana rājā cakkavattī nāpi – ‘‘ettakaṃ nāma me anuvassaṃ baliṃ upakappethā’’ti vadati, nāpi aññassa bhogaṃ acchinditvā aññassa deti. Attano pana dhammarājabhāvassa anurūpāya paññāya pāṇātipātādīni upaparikkhitvā pemanīyena mañjunā sarena – ‘‘passatha tātā, pāṇātipāto nāmesa āsevito bhāvito bahulīkato nirayasaṃvattaniko hotī’’tiādinā nayena dhammaṃ desetvā ‘‘pāṇo na hantabbo’’tiādikaṃ <a name="V2.0192"></a> ovādaṃ deti. Mahāsudassanopi tatheva akāsi, tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘rājā mahāsudassano evamāha – ‘pāṇo na hantabbo…pe… yathābhuttañca bhuñjathā’ti’’. Kiṃ pana sabbepi rañño imaṃ ovādaṃ gaṇhantīti? Buddhassāpi tāva sabbe na gaṇhanti, rañño kiṃ gaṇhissantīti. Tasmā ye paṇḍitā vibhāvino, te gaṇhanti. Sabbe pana anuyantā bhavanti. Tasmā <span class="bld">ye kho panānandā</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha taṃ cakkaratanaṃ evaṃ pubbavidehavāsīnaṃ ovāde dinne katapātarāse cakkavattibalena vehāsaṃ abbhuggantvā puratthimasamuddaṃ ajjhogāhati. Yathā yathā ca taṃ ajjhogāhati, tathā tathā agadagandhaṃ ghāyitvā saṅkhittaphaṇo nāgarājā viya, saṅkhittaūmivipphāraṃ hutvā ogacchamānaṃ mahāsamuddasalilaṃ yojanamattaṃ ogantvā antosamudde veḷuriyabhitti viya tiṭṭhati. Taṅkhaṇaññeva ca tassa rañño puññasiriṃ daṭṭhukāmāni viya mahāsamuddatale vippakiṇṇāni <a name="P2.0623"></a><a name="M2.0215"></a> nānāratanāni tato tato āgantvā taṃ padesaṃ pūrayanti. Atha sā rājaparisā taṃ nānāratanaparipūraṃ mahāsamuddatalaṃ disvā yathāruci ucchaṅgādīhi ādiyati, yathāruci ādinnaratanāya pana parisāya taṃ cakkaratanaṃ paṭinivattati. Paṭinivattamāne ca tasmiṃ parisā aggato hoti, majjhe rājā, ante cakkaratanaṃ. Tampi jalanidhijalaṃ palobhiyamānamiva cakkaratanasiriyā, asahamānamiva ca tena viyogaṃ nemimaṇḍalapariyantaṃ abhihanantaṃ nirantarameva upagacchati. Evaṃ rājā cakkavattī puratthimamahāsamuddapariyantaṃ pubbavidehaṃ abhivijinitvā dakkhiṇasamuddapariyantaṃ jambudīpaṃ vijetukāmo cakkaratanadesitena maggena dakkhiṇasamuddābhimukho gacchati. Mahāsudassanopi tatheva agamāsi. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘atha kho, ānanda, cakkaratanaṃ puratthimaṃ samuddaṃ ajjhogāhetvā paccuttaritvā dakkhiṇaṃ disaṃ pavattī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ pavattamānassa pana tassa pavattanavidhānaṃ, senāsanniveso, paṭirājāgamanaṃ, tesaṃ anusāsanippadānaṃ dakkhiṇasamuddaajjhogāhanaṃ samuddasalilassa ogacchamānaṃ ratanānaṃ ādānanti sabbaṃ purimanayeneva veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vijinitvā pana taṃ dasasahassayojanappamāṇaṃ jambudīpaṃ dakkhiṇasamuddatopi paccuttaritvā sattayojanasahassappamāṇaṃ aparagoyānaṃ vijetuṃ pubbe vuttanayeneva gantvā tampi samuddapariyantaṃ tatheva abhivijinitvā pacchimasamuddatopi uttaritvā aṭṭhayojanasahassappamāṇaṃ uttarakuruṃ vijetuṃ tatheva gantvā tampi samuddapariyantaṃ tatheva abhivijiya uttarasamuddato paccuttarati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettāvatā <a name="V2.0193"></a> raññā cakkavattinā cāturantāya pathaviyā ādhipaccaṃ adhigataṃ hoti. So evaṃ vijitavijayo attano rajjasirisampattidassanatthaṃ sapariso uddhaṃ gaganatalaṃ abhilaṅghitvā suvikasitapadumakumudapuṇḍarīkavanavicitte cattāro jātassare viya pañcasatapañcasataparittadīpaparivāre cattāro mahādīpe oloketvā cakkaratanadesiteneva maggena <a name="M2.0216"></a> yathānukkamaṃ attano rājadhāniṃ paccāgacchati. Atha taṃ cakkaratanaṃ antepuradvāraṃ sobhayamānaṃ viya hutvā tiṭṭhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ patiṭṭhite pana tasmiṃ cakkaratane rājantepure ukkāhi vā dīpikāhi vā kiñci <a name="P2.0624"></a> karaṇīyaṃ na hoti, cakkaratanobhāsoyeva rattiṃ andhakāraṃ vidhamatiyeva. Ye pana andhakāratthikā honti, tesaṃ andhakārameva hoti. Mahāsudassanassāpi sabbametaṃ tatheva ahosi. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘dakkhiṇaṃ samuddaṃ ajjhogāhetvā…pe… evarūpaṃ cakkaratanaṃ pāturahosī’’ti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Hatthiratanavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para246"></a><a name="para246_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">246</span>. Evaṃ pātubhūtacakkaratanasseva cakkavattino amaccā pakatimaṅgalahatthiṭṭhānaṃ samaṃ sucibhūmibhāgaṃ kāretvā haricandanādīhi surabhigandhehi upalimpāpetvā heṭṭhā vicittavaṇṇasurabhikusumasamokiṇṇaṃ upari suvaṇṇatārakānaṃ antarantarā samosaritamanuññakusumadāmapaṭimaṇḍitavitānaṃ devavimānaṃ viya abhisaṅkharitvā – ‘‘evarūpassa nāma deva hatthiratanassa āgamanaṃ cintethā’’ti vadanti. So pubbe vuttanayeneva mahādānaṃ datvā sīlāni ca samādāya taṃ puññasampattiṃ āvajjanto nisīdi. Athassa puññānubhāvacodito chaddantakulā vā uposathakulā vā taṃ sakkāravisesaṃ anubhavitukāmo taruṇaravimaṇḍalābhirattacaraṇagīvāmukhapaṭimaṇḍitavisuddhasetasarīro sattapatiṭṭho susaṇṭhitaaṅgapaccaṅgasanniveso vikasitarattapadumacārupokkharo iddhimā yogī viya vehāsagamanasamattho manosilācuṇṇarañjitapariyanto viya rajatapabbato hatthiseṭṭho āgantvā tasmiṃ padese tiṭṭhati. So chaddantakulā āgacchanto sabbakaniṭṭho āgacchati. Uposathakulā āgacchanto sabbajeṭṭho. Pāḷiyaṃ pana uposatho nāgarājā icceva āgataṃ. Nāgarājā nāma kassaci aparibhogo, sabbakaniṭṭho āgacchatīti aṭṭhakathāsu vuttaṃ. Svāyaṃ pūritacakkavattivattānaṃ cakkavattīnaṃ vuttanayeneva cintayantānaṃ āgacchati. Mahāsudassanassa pana sayameva pakatimaṅgalahatthiṭṭhānaṃ āgantvā taṃ hatthiṃ apanetvā tattha aṭṭhāsi. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘puna caparaṃ ānanda…pe… nāgarājā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ <a name="V2.0194"></a><a name="M2.0217"></a> pātubhūtaṃ pana taṃ hatthiratanaṃ disvā hatthigopakādayo haṭṭhatuṭṭhā vegena gantvā rañño ārocenti. Rājā turitaturito āgantvā taṃ disvā pasannacitto – ‘‘bhaddakaṃ vata bho hatthiyānaṃ, sace damathaṃ upeyyā’’ti cintayanto hatthaṃ <a name="P2.0625"></a> pasāreti. Atha so gharadhenuvacchako viya kaṇṇe olambitvā sūratabhāvaṃ dassento rājānaṃ upasaṅkamati. Rājā taṃ ārohitukāmo hoti. Athassa parijanā adhippāyaṃ ñatvā taṃ hatthiratanaṃ suvaṇṇaddhajaṃ suvaṇṇālaṅkāraṃ hemajālapaṭicchannaṃ katvā upanenti. Rājā taṃ anisīdāpetvāva sattaratanamayāya nisseṇiyā āruyha ākāsagamananinnacitto hoti. Tassa saha cittuppādeneva so nāgarājā rājahaṃso viya indanīlamaṇippabhājālaṃ nīlagaganatalaṃ abhilaṅghati. Tato cakkacārikāya vuttanayeneva sakalarājaparisā. Iti sapariso rājā antopātarāseyeva sakalapathaviṃ anusaṃyāyitvā rājadhāniṃ paccāgacchati. Evaṃ mahiddhikaṃ cakkavattino hatthiratanaṃ hoti. Mahāsudassanassāpi tādisameva ahosi. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘disvā rañño…pe… pāturahosī’’ti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Assaratanavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para247"></a><a name="para247_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">247</span>. Evaṃ pātubhūtahatthiratanassa pana cakkavattino amaccā pakatimaṅgalaassaṭṭhānaṃ sucisamatalaṃ kāretvā alaṅkaritvā ca purimanayeneva rañño tassa āgamanacintanatthaṃ ussāhaṃ janenti. So purimanayeneva katadānamānanasakkāro samādinnasīlabbato pāsādatale sukhanisinno puññasampattiṃ samanussarati. Athassa puññānubhāvacodito sindhavakulato vijjulatāvinaddhasaradakālasetavalāhakarāsisassirīko rattapādo rattatuṇḍo candappabhāpuñjasadisasuddhasiniddhaghanasaṃhatasarīro kākagīvā viya indanīlamaṇi viya ca kāḷavaṇṇena sīsena samannāgatattā <span class="bld">kāḷasīso</span>ti suṭṭhu kappetvā ṭhapitehi viya muñjasadisehi saṇhavaṭṭaujugatehi kesehi samannāgatattā <span class="bld">muñjakeso</span> vehāsaṅgamo <span class="bld">valāhako nāma assarājā</span> āgantvā tasmiṃ ṭhāne patiṭṭhāti. Mahāsudassanassa panesa hatthiratanaṃ viya āgato. Sesaṃ sabbaṃ hatthiratane <a name="M2.0218"></a> vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ. Evarūpaṃ assaratanaṃ sandhāya bhagavā – ‘‘puna ca para’’ntiādimāha.</p>
<p class="subhead">Maṇiratanavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para248"></a><a name="para248_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">248</span>. Evaṃ pātubhūtaassaratanassa pana rañño cakkavattino catuhatthāyāmaṃ sakaṭanābhisamapariṇāhaṃ ubhosu antesu kaṇṇikapariyantato viniggatehi suparisuddhamuttākalāpehi dvīhi kañcanapadumehi alaṅkataṃ caturāsītimaṇisahassaparivāraṃ tārāgaṇaparivutassa <a name="V2.0195"></a> puṇṇacandasassiriṃ pharamānaṃ <a name="P2.0626"></a> viya vepullapabbatato maṇiratanaṃ āgacchati. Tassevaṃ āgatassa muttājālake ṭhapetvā veḷuparamparāya saṭṭhihatthappamāṇaṃ ākāsaṃ āropitassa rattibhāge samantā yojanappamāṇaṃ okāsaṃ ābhā pharati, yāya sabbo so okāso aruṇuggamanavelā viya sañjātāloko hoti. Tato kassakā kasikammaṃ vāṇijā āpaṇugghāṭanaṃ te te sippino taṃ taṃ kammantaṃ payojenti ‘‘divā’’ti maññamānā. Mahāsudassanassāpi sabbaṃ taṃ tatheva ahosi. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘puna ca paraṃ ānanda,…pe… maṇiratanaṃ pāturahosī’’ti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Itthiratanavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para249"></a><a name="para249_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">249</span>. Evaṃ pātubhūtamaṇiratanassa pana cakkavattino visayasukhavisesassa visesakāraṇaṃ itthiratanaṃ pātubhavati. Maddarājakulato vā hissa aggamahesiṃ ānenti, uttarakuruto vā puññānubhāvena sayaṃ āgacchati. Avasesā panassā sampatti – ‘‘puna ca paraṃ, ānanda, rañño mahāsudassanassa itthiratanaṃ pāturahosi, abhirūpā dassanīyā’’tiādinā nayena pāḷiyaṃyeva āgatā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha saṇṭhānapāripūriyā adhikaṃ rūpaṃ assāti <span class="bld">abhirūpā. </span> Dissamānāva cakkhūni piṇayati, tasmā aññaṃ kiccavikkhepaṃ hitvāpi daṭṭhabbāti <span class="bld">dassanīyā.</span> Dissamānāva somanassavasena cittaṃ pasādetīti <span class="bld">pāsādikā. Paramāyā</span>ti evaṃ pasādāvahattā uttamāya. <span class="bld">Vaṇṇapokkharatāyā</span>ti vaṇṇasundaratāya. <span class="bld">Samannāgatā</span>ti upetā. <span class="bld">Abhirūpā</span> vā yasmā nātidīghā nātirassā. <span class="bld">Dassanīyā</span> yasmā nātikisā nātithūlā. <span class="bld">Pāsādikā</span> <a name="M2.0219"></a> yasmā nātikāḷikā nāccodātā. <span class="bld">Paramāya vaṇṇapokkharatāya samannāgatā</span> yasmā abhikkantā mānusivaṇṇaṃ appattā dibbavaṇṇaṃ. Manussānañhi vaṇṇābhā bahi na niccharati. Devānaṃ pana atidūrampi niccharati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tassā pana dvādasahatthappamāṇaṃ padesaṃ sarīrābhā obhāseti. Nātidīghādīsu cassā paṭhamayugaḷena ārohasampatti, dutiyayugaḷena pariṇāhasampatti, tatiyayugaḷena vaṇṇasampatti vuttā. Chahi vāpi etehi kāyavipattiyā abhāvo, <span class="bld">atikkantā mānusivaṇṇa</span>nti iminā kāyasampatti vuttā. <span class="bld">Tūlapicuno vā kappāsapicuno</span> vāti sappimaṇḍe pakkhipitvā ṭhapitassa satavāravihatassa tūlapicuno vā kappāsapicuno vā. <span class="bld">Sīte</span>ti rañño sītakāle. <span class="bld">Uṇhe</span>ti rañño uṇhakāle. <span class="bld">Candanagandho</span>ti niccakālameva supisitassa <a name="P2.0627"></a> abhinavassa catujjātisamāyojitassa <a name="V2.0196"></a> haricandanassa gandho kāyato vāyati. <span class="bld">Uppalagandho vāyatī</span>ti hasitakathitakālesu mukhato taṅkhaṇaṃ vikasitasseva nīluppalassa atisurabhigandho vāyati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ rūpasamphassagandhasampattiyuttāya panassā sarīrasampattiyā anurūpaṃ ācāraṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">taṃ kho panā</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha rājānaṃ disvā nisinnāsanato aggidaḍḍhā viya paṭhamameva uṭṭhātīti <span class="bld">pubbuṭṭhāyinī.</span> Tasmiṃ nisinne tassa tālavaṇṭena bījanādikiccaṃ katvā pacchā nipatati nisīdatīti <span class="bld">pacchānipātinī.</span> Kiṃ karomi, te devāti vācāya kiṃ-kāraṃ paṭisāvetīti <span class="bld">kiṃ kārapaṭissāvinī.</span> Rañño manāpameva carati karotīti <span class="bld">manāpacārinī.</span> Yaṃ rañño piyaṃ tadeva vadatīti <span class="bld">piyavādinī.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni – ‘‘svāssā ācāro bhāvavisuddhiyāva, na sāṭheyyanā’’ti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">taṃ kho panā</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">no aticarī</span>ti na atikkamitvā cari, ṭhapetvā rājānaṃ aññaṃ purisaṃ cittenapi na patthesīti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha ye tassā ādimhi ‘‘abhirūpā’’tiādayo, ante ‘‘pubbuṭṭhāyinī’’tiādayo guṇā vuttā, te pakatiguṇā eva. ‘‘Atikkantā mānusivaṇṇa’’ntiādayo pana cakkavattino puññaṃ upanissāya cakkaratanapātubhāvato paṭṭhāya purimakammānubhāvena nibbattāti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Abhirūpatādikāpi <a name="M2.0220"></a> vā cakkaratanapātubhāvato paṭṭhāya sabbākāraparipūrā jātā. Tenāha – ‘‘evarūpaṃ itthiratanaṃ pāturahosī’’ti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Gahapatiratanavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para250"></a><a name="para250_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">250</span>. Evaṃ pātubhūtaitthiratanassa pana rañño cakkavattino dhanakaraṇīyānaṃ kiccānaṃ yathāsukhaṃ pavattanatthaṃ gahapatiratanaṃ pātubhavati. So pakatiyāva mahābhogo, mahābhogakule jāto. Rañño dhanarāsivaḍḍhako seṭṭhigahapati hoti. Cakkaratanānubhāvasahitaṃ panassa kammavipākajaṃ dibbacakkhu pātubhavati, yena antopathaviyampi yojanabbhantare nidhiṃ passati, so taṃ sampattiṃ disvā tuṭṭhamānaso gantvā rājānaṃ dhanena pavāretvā sabbāni dhanakaraṇīyāni sampādeti<a name="V2.0197"></a>. Mahāsudassanassāpi tatheva sampādesi. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘puna caparaṃ ānanda…pe… evarūpaṃ gahapatiratanaṃ pāturahosī’’ti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Pariṇāyakaratanavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para251"></a><a name="para251_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">251</span>. Evaṃ <a name="P2.0628"></a> pātubhūtagahapatiratanassa pana rañño cakkavattissa sabbakiccasaṃvidhānasamatthaṃ pariṇāyakaratanaṃ pātubhavati. So rañño jeṭṭhaputtova hoti. Pakatiyā eva so paṇḍito byatto medhāvī vibhāvī. Rañño puññānubhāvaṃ nissāya panassa attano kammānubhāvena paracittañāṇaṃ uppajjati. Yena dvādasayojanāya rājaparisāya cittācāraṃ ñatvā rañño hite ca ahite ca vavatthapetuṃ samattho hoti, sopi taṃ attano ānubhāvaṃ disvā tuṭṭhahadayo rājānaṃ sabbakiccānusāsanena pavāreti. Mahāsudassanampi tatheva pavāresi. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘puna caparaṃ…pe… pariṇāyakaratanaṃ pāturahosī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">ṭhapetabbaṃ ṭhapetu</span>nti tasmiṃ tasmiṃ ṭhānantare ṭhapetabbaṃ ṭhapetuṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Catuiddhisamannāgatavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para252"></a><a name="para252_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">252</span>. <span class="bld">Samavepākiniyā</span>ti samavipācaniyā. <span class="bld">Gahaṇiyā</span>ti kammajatejodhātuyā. Tattha yassa bhuttamattova āhāro jīrati, yassa vā <a name="M2.0221"></a> pana puṭabhattaṃ viya tattheva tiṭṭhati, ubhopete na samavepākiniyā samannāgatā. Yassa pana puna bhattakāle bhattachando uppajjateva, ayaṃ samavepākiniyā samannāgatoti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Dhammapāsādapokkharaṇivaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para253"></a><a name="para253_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">253</span>. <span class="bld">Māpesi kho</span>ti nagare bheriṃ carāpetvā janarāsiṃ kāretvā na māpesi, rañño pana saha cittuppādeneva bhūmiṃ bhinditvā caturāsīti pokkharaṇīsahassāni nibbattiṃsu. Tāni sandhāyetaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Dvīhi vedikāhī</span>ti ekāya iṭṭhakānaṃ pariyanteyeva parikkhittā ekāya pariveṇaparicchedapariyante. <span class="bld">Etadahosī</span>ti kasmā ahosi? Ekadivasaṃ kira nahatvā ca pivitvā ca gacchantaṃ mahājanaṃ mahāpuriso oloketvā ime ummattakaveseneva gacchanti. Sace etesaṃ ettha piḷandhanapupphāni bhaveyyuṃ, bhaddakaṃ siyāti. Athassa etadahosi. Tattha <span class="bld">sabbotuka</span>nti <a name="V2.0198"></a> pupphaṃ nāma ekasmiṃyeva utumhi pupphati. Ahaṃ pana tathā karissāmi – ‘‘yathā sabbesu utūsu pupphissatī’’ti cintesiṃ. <span class="bld">Ropāpesī</span>ti nānāvaṇṇauppalabījādīni tato tato āharāpetvā na ropāpesi, saha cittuppādeneva panassa sabbaṃ ijjhati. Taṃ loko raññā ropitanti maññi. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘ropāpesī’’ti. Tato paṭṭhāya mahājano nānappakāraṃ jalajathalajamālaṃ piḷandhitvā nakkhattaṃ kīḷamāno <a name="P2.0629"></a> viya gacchati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para254"></a><a name="para254_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">254</span>. Atha rājā tato uttaripi janaṃ sukhasamappitaṃ kātukāmo – ‘‘yaṃnūnāhaṃ imāsaṃ pokkharaṇīnaṃ tīre’’tiādinā janassa sukhavidhānaṃ cintetvā sabbaṃ akāsi. Tattha <span class="bld">nhāpesu</span>nti añño sarīraṃ ubbaṭṭesi, añño cuṇṇāni yojesi, añño tīre nahāyantassa udakaṃ āhari, añño vatthāni paṭiggahesi ceva adāsi ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭṭhapesi kho</span>ti kathaṃ paṭṭhapesi? Itthīnañca purisānañca anucchavike alaṅkāre kāretvā itthimattameva tattha paricāravasena sesaṃ sabbaṃ pariccāgavasena ṭhapetvā rājā mahāsudassano dānaṃ deti, taṃ paribhuñjathāti bheriṃ carāpesi. Mahājano pokkharaṇītīraṃ āgantvā nahatvā vatthāni parivattetvā nānāgandhehi vilitto piḷandhanavicittamālo dānaggaṃ <a name="M2.0222"></a> gantvā anekappakāresu yāgubhattakhajjakesu aṭṭhavidhapānesu ca yo yaṃ icchati, so taṃ khāditvā ca pivitvā ca nānāvaṇṇāni khomasukhumāni vatthāni nivāsetvā sampattiṃ anubhavitvā yesaṃ tādisāni atthi, te ohāya gacchanti. Yesaṃ pana natthi, te gahetvā gacchanti. Hatthiassayānādīsupi nisīditvā thokaṃ vicaritvā anatthikā ohāya, atthikā gahetvā gacchanti. Varasayanesu nipajjitvā sampattiṃ anubhavitvā anatthikā ohāya, atthikā gahetvā gacchanti. Itthīhipi saddhiṃ sampattiṃ anubhavitvā anatthikā ohāya, atthikā gahetvā gacchanti. Sattavidharatanapasādhanāni ca pasādhetvāpi sampattiṃ anubhavitvā anatthikā ohāya, atthikā gahetvā gacchanti. Tampi dānaṃ uṭṭhāya samuṭṭhāya dīyateva. Jambudīpavāsikānaṃ aññaṃ kammaṃ natthi, rañño dānaṃ paribhuñjantāva vicaranti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para255"></a><a name="para255_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">255</span>. Atha brāhmaṇagahapatikā cintesuṃ – ‘‘ayaṃ rājā evarūpaṃ dānaṃ dadantopi ‘mayhaṃ taṇḍulādīni vā khīrādīni vā dethā’ti na kiñci āharāpeti, na kho pana amhākaṃ – ‘rājā āharāpetī’ti tuṇhīmāsituṃ patirūpa’’nti te bahuṃ sāpateyyaṃ saṃharitvā rañño upanāmesuṃ. Tasmā – ‘‘atha kho, ānanda, brāhmaṇagahapatikā’’tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Evaṃ samacintesu</span>nti kasmā evaṃ cintesuṃ? Kassaci gharato appaṃ ābhataṃ, kassaci bahu. Tasmiṃ paṭisaṃhariyamāne <a name="V2.0199"></a> – ‘‘kiṃ taveva gharato sundaraṃ ābhataṃ, na mayhaṃ gharato, kiṃ taveva gharato bahu<a name="P2.0630"></a>, na mayha’’nti evaṃ kalahasaddopi uppajjeyya, so mā uppajjitthāti evaṃ samacintesuṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para256"></a><a name="para256_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">256</span>. <span class="bld">Ehi tvaṃ sammā</span>ti ehi tvaṃ vayassa. <span class="bld">Dhammaṃ nāma pāsāda</span>nti pāsādassa nāmaṃ āropetvāva āṇāpesi. Vissakammo pana kīva mahanto deva pāsādo hotūti paṭipucchitvā dīghato yojanaṃ vitthārato aḍḍhayojanaṃ sabbaratanamayova hotūti vuttepi ‘evaṃ hotu, bhaddaṃ tava vacana’nti tassa paṭissuṇitvā dhammarājānaṃ sampaṭicchāpetvā māpesi. Tattha <span class="bld">evaṃ bhaddaṃ tavāti kho ānandā</span>ti evaṃ bhaddaṃ tava iti kho ānanda. <span class="bld">Paṭissutvā</span>ti sampaṭicchitvā, vatvāti attho. <span class="bld">Tuṇhībhāvenā</span>ti samaṇadhammapaṭipattikaraṇokāso <a name="M2.0223"></a> me bhavissatīti icchanto tuṇhībhāvena adhivāsesi. <span class="bld">Sāramayo</span>ti candanasāramayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para257"></a><a name="para257_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">257</span>. <span class="bld">Dvīhi vedikāhī</span>ti ettha ekā vedikā panassa uṇhīsamatthake ahosi, ekā heṭṭhā paricchedamatthake.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para258"></a><a name="para258_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">258</span>. <span class="bld">Duddikkho ahosī</span>ti duuddikkho, pabhāsampattiyā duddasoti attho. <span class="bld">Musatī</span>ti harati phandāpeti niccalabhāvena patiṭṭhātuṃ na deti. <span class="bld">Viddhe</span>ti ubbiddhe, meghavigamena dūrībhūteti attho. <span class="bld">Deve</span>ti ākāse.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para259"></a><a name="para259_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">259</span>. <span class="bld">Māpesi kho</span>ti ahaṃ imasmiṃ ṭhāne pokkharaṇiṃ māpemi, tumhākaṃ gharāni bhindathāti na evaṃ kāretvā māpesi. Cittuppādavaseneva panassa bhūmiṃ bhinditvā tathārūpā pokkharaṇī ahosi. <span class="bld">Te sabbakāmehī</span>ti sabbehi icchiticchitavatthūhi, samaṇe samaṇaparikkhārehi, brāhmaṇe brāhmaṇaparikkhārehi santappesīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Paṭhamabhāṇavāravaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Jhānasampattivaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para260"></a><a name="para260_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">260</span>. <span class="bld">Mahiddhiko</span>ti cittuppādavaseneva caturāsītipokkharaṇīsahassānaṃ nibbattisaṅkhātāya mahatiyā <a name="V2.0200"></a> iddhiyā samannāgato. <span class="bld">Mahānubhāvo</span>ti tesaṃyeva anubhavitabbānaṃ mahantatāya mahānubhāvena samannāgato. <span class="bld">Seyyathida</span>nti nipāto, tassa – ‘‘katamesaṃ tiṇṇa’’nti attho. <span class="bld">Dānassā</span>ti sampattipariccāgassa. <span class="bld">Damassā</span>ti āḷavakasutte paññā damoti āgato. Idha attānaṃ <a name="P2.0631"></a> damentena kataṃ uposathakammaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṃyamassā</span>ti sīlassa.</p>
<p class="subhead">Bodhisattapubbayogavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idha ṭhatvā panassa pubbayogo veditabbo – rājā kira pubbe gahapatikule nibbatti. Tena ca samayena dharamānakasseva kassapabuddhassa sāsane eko thero araññe vāsaṃ vasati, bodhisatto attano <a name="M2.0224"></a> kammena araññaṃ paviṭṭho theraṃ disvā upasaṅkamitvā vanditvā therassa nisajjanaṭṭhānacaṅkamanaṭṭhānāni oloketvā pucchi – ‘‘idheva, bhante, ayyo vasatī’’ti? Āma, upāsakāti sutvā – ‘‘idheva ayyassa paṇṇasālaṃ kātuṃ vaṭṭatī’’ti cintetvā attano kammaṃ pahāya dabbasambhāraṃ koṭṭetvā paṇṇasālaṃ katvā chādetvā bhittiyo mattikāya limpitvā dvāraṃ yojetvā kaṭṭhattharaṇaṃ katvā – ‘‘karissati nu kho paribhogaṃ, na karissatī’’ti ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Thero antogāmato āgantvā paṇṇasālaṃ pavisitvā kaṭṭhattharaṇe nisīdi. Upāsakopi āgantvā vanditvā samīpe nisinno ‘‘phāsukā, bhante, paṇṇasālā’’ti pucchi. Phāsukā, bhaddamukha, pabbajitasāruppāti. Vasissatha, bhante, idhāti? Āma, upāsakāti, so adhivāsanākārena vasissatīti ñatvā nibaddhaṃ mayhaṃ gharadvāraṃ āgantabbanti paṭijānāpetvā – ‘‘ekaṃ me, bhante, varaṃ dethā’’ti āha. Atikkantavarā, upāsaka, pabbajitāti. Bhante, yañca kappati, yañca anavajjanti. Vadehi upāsakāti. Bhante, nibaddhavasanaṭṭhāne nāma manussā maṅgale vā amaṅgale vā āgamanaṃ icchanti, anāgacchantassa kujjhanti. Tasmā aññaṃ nimantitaṭṭhānaṃ gantvāpi mayhaṃ gharaṃ pavisitvāva bhattakiccaṃ niṭṭhāpetabbanti. Thero adhivāsesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">So paṇṇasālāya kaṭasāṭakaṃ pattharitvā mañcapīṭhaṃ paññapesi, apassenaṃ nikkhipi, pādakathalikaṃ ṭhapesi, pokkharaṇiṃ khaṇi, caṅkamaṃ katvā vālikaṃ okiri, mige āgantvā bhittiṃ ghaṃsitvā mattikaṃ pātente disvā kaṇṭakavatiṃ parikkhipi. Pokkharaṇiṃ otaritvā udakaṃ āḷulikaṃ karonte disvā anto pāsāṇehi cinitvā bahi kaṇṭakavatiṃ parikkhipitvā antovatipariyante tālapantiyo ropeti, mahācaṅkame sammaṭṭhaṭṭhānaṃ āḷulente disvā caṅkamampi vatiyā parikkhipitvā antovatipariyante tālapantiṃ ropesi. Evaṃ <a name="P2.0632"></a> āvāsaṃ niṭṭhapetvā <a name="V2.0201"></a> therassa ticīvaraṃ, piṇḍapātaṃ, osadhaṃ, paribhogabhājanaṃ, ārakaṇṭakaṃ, pipphalikaṃ, nakhacchedanaṃ, sūciṃ, kattarayaṭṭhiṃ, upāhanaṃ, udakatumbaṃ, chattaṃ, dīpakapallakaṃ, malaharaṇiṃ. Parissāvanaṃ, dhamakaraṇaṃ, pattaṃ, thālakaṃ, yaṃ vā panaññampi pabbajitānaṃ paribhogajātaṃ, sabbaṃ adāsi. Therassa bodhisattena adinnaparikkhāro nāma nāhosi. So sīlāni rakkhanto uposathaṃ karonto yāvajīvaṃ <a name="M2.0225"></a> theraṃ upaṭṭhahi. Thero tattheva vasanto arahattaṃ patvā parinibbāyi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bodhisattopi yāvatāyukaṃ puññaṃ katvā devaloke nibbattitvā tato cuto manussalokaṃ āgacchanto kusāvatiyā rājadhāniyā nibbattitvā mahāsudassano rājā ahosi.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Evaṃ nātimahantampi, puññaṃ āyatane kataṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Mahāvipākaṃ hotīti, kattabbaṃ taṃ vibhāvinā’’.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mahāviyūha</span>nti rajatamayaṃ mahākūṭāgāraṃ. Tattha vasitukāmo hutvā agamāsi, <span class="bld">ettāvatā kāmavitakkā</span>ti kāmavitakka tayā ettāvatā nivattitabbaṃ, ito paraṃ tuyhaṃ abhūmi, idaṃ <span class="bld">jhānāgāraṃ</span> nāma, nayidaṃ tayā saddhiṃ vasanaṭṭhānanti evaṃ tayo vitakke kūṭāgāradvāreyeva nivattesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para261"></a><a name="para261_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">261</span>. <span class="bld">Paṭhamajjhāna</span>ntiādīsu visuṃ <span class="bld">kasiṇaparikammakiccaṃ</span> nāma natthi. Nīlakasiṇena atthe sati nīlamaṇiṃ, pītakasiṇena atthe sati suvaṇṇaṃ, lohitakasiṇena atthe sati rattamaṇiṃ, odātakasiṇena atthe sati rajatanti olokitaolokitaṭṭhāne kasiṇameva paññāyati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para262"></a><a name="para262_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">262</span>. <span class="bld">Mettāsahagatenā</span>tiādīsu yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ sabbampi visuddhimagge vuttameva. Iti pāḷiyaṃ cattāri jhānāni, cattāri appamaññāneva vuttāni. Mahāpuriso pana sabbāpi aṭṭha samāpattiyo, pañca abhiññāyo ca nibbattetvā anulomapaṭilomādivasena cuddasahākārehi samāpattiyo pavisanto madhupaṭalaṃ paviṭṭhabhamaro madhurasena viya samāpattisukheneva yāpeti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Caturāsītinagarasahassādivaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para263"></a><a name="para263_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">263</span>. <span class="bld">Kusāvatīrājadhānippamukhānī</span>ti <a name="V2.0202"></a> kusāvatī rājadhānī tesaṃ nagarānaṃ pamukhā sabbaseṭṭhāti attho. <span class="bld">Bhattābhihāro</span>ti <a name="P2.0633"></a> abhiharitabbabhattaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para264"></a><a name="para264_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">264</span>. <span class="bld">Vassasatassa</span> <a name="M2.0226"></a> <span class="bld">vassasatassā</span>ti kasmā evaṃ cintesi? Tesaṃ saddena ukkaṇṭhitvā, ‘‘samāpannassa saddo kaṇṭako’’ti (a. ni. 10.72) hi vuttaṃ. Tasmā saddena ukkaṇṭhito mahāpuriso. Atha kasmā mā āgacchantūti na vadati? Idāni rājā na passatīti nibaddhavattaṃ na labhissanti, taṃ tesaṃ mā uppajjitthāti na vadati.</p>
<p class="subhead">Subhaddādeviupasaṅkamanavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para265"></a><a name="para265_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">265</span>. <span class="bld">Etadahosī</span>ti kadā etaṃ ahosi. Rañño kālaṅkiriyadivase. Tadā kira devatā cintesuṃ – ‘‘rājā anāthakālaṅkiriyaṃ mā karotu, orodhehi bahūhi dhītūhi puttehi parivāritova karotū’’ti. Atha deviṃ āvaṭṭetvā tassā evaṃ cittaṃ uppādesuṃ. <span class="bld">Pītāni vatthānī</span>ti tāni kira pakatiyā rañño manāpāni, tasmā tāni pārupathāti āha. <span class="bld">Ettheva devi tiṭṭhā</span>ti devi imaṃ jhānāgāraṃ nāma tumhehi saddhiṃ vasanaṭṭhānaṃ na hoti, jhānarativindanaṭṭhānaṃ mama, mā idha pāvisīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para266"></a><a name="para266_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">266</span>. <span class="bld">Etadahosī</span>ti loke sattā nāma maraṇāsannakāle ativiya virocanti, tenassa rañño vippasannaindriyabhāvaṃ disvā evaṃ ahosi, tato mā rañño kālaṅkiriyā ahosīti tassa kālaṅkiriyaṃ anicchamānā sampati guṇamassa kathayitvā tiṭṭhamānākāraṃ karissāmīti cintetvā <span class="bld">imāni te devā</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">chandaṃ janehī</span>ti pemaṃ uppādehi, ratiṃ karohi. <span class="bld">Jīvite apekkha</span>nti jīvite sāpekkhaṃ, ālayaṃ, taṇhaṃ karohīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evaṃ kho maṃ tvaṃ devī</span>ti ‘‘mayaṃ kho, deva, itthiyo nāma pabbajitānaṃ upacārakathaṃ na jānāma, kathaṃ vadāma mahārājā’’ti rājānaṃ ‘‘pabbajito aya’’nti maññamānāya deviyā vutte – ‘‘evaṃ kho maṃ, tvaṃ devi, samudācarāhī’’tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Garahitā</span>ti buddhehi paccekabuddhehi sāvakehi aññehi ca paṇḍitehi bahussutehi garahitā. Kiṃ kāraṇā? Sāpekkhakālakiriyā <a name="V2.0203"></a> hi attanoyeva gehe yakkhakukkuraajagoṇamahiṃsamūsikakukkuṭaūkāmaṅgulādibhāvena nibbattanakāraṇaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para268"></a><a name="para268_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">268</span>. <span class="bld">Atha</span> <a name="M2.0227"></a> <span class="bld">kho, ānanda, subhaddā devī assūni puñchitvā</span>ti devī ekamantaṃ gantvā roditvā kanditvā assūni puñchitvā etadavoca.</p>
<p class="subhead">Brahmalokūpagamavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para269"></a><a name="para269_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">269</span>. <span class="bld">Gahapatissa vā</span>ti kasmā <a name="P2.0634"></a> āha? Tesaṃ kira soṇaseṭṭhiputtādīnaṃ viya mahatī sampatti hoti, soṇassa kira seṭṭhiputtassa ekā bhattapāti dve satasahassāni agghati. Iti tesaṃ tādisaṃ bhattaṃ bhuttānaṃ muhuttaṃ bhattasammado bhattamucchā bhattakilamatho hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para271"></a><a name="para271_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">271</span>. <span class="bld">Yaṃ tena samayena ajjhāvasāmī</span>ti yattha vasāmi, taṃ ekaṃyeva nagaraṃ hoti, avasesesu puttadhītādayo ceva dāsamanussā ca vasiṃsu. Pāsādakūṭāgāresupi eseva nayo. Pallaṅkādīsupi ekaṃyeva pallaṅkaṃ paribhuñjati, sesā puttādīnaṃ paribhogā honti. Itthīsupi ekāva paccupaṭṭhāti, sesā parivāramattā honti, <span class="bld">paridahāmī</span>ti ekameva dussayugaṃ nivāsemi, sesāni parivāretvā vicarantānaṃ asītisahassādhikānaṃ soḷasannaṃ purisasatasahassānaṃ honti. <span class="bld">Bhuñjāmī</span>ti paramappamāṇena nāḷikodanamattaṃ bhuñjāmi, sesaṃ parivāretvā vicarantānaṃ cattālīsasahassādhikānaṃ aṭṭhannaṃ purisasatasahassānaṃ hotīti dasseti. Ekathālipāko hi dasannaṃ janānaṃ pahoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Etāni pana caturāsīti nagarasahassāni ceva pāsādasahassāni ca kūṭāgārasahassāni ca ekissāyeva paṇṇasālāya nissandena nibbattāni. Caturāsīti pallaṅkasahassāni nipajjanatthāya dinnamañcakassa nissandena nibbattāni. Caturāsīti hatthisahassāni assasahassāni rathasahassāni nisīdanatthāya dinnapīṭhassa nissandena nibbattāni. Caturāsīti maṇisahassāni ekadīpassa nissandena nibbattāni. Caturāsīti pokkharaṇīsahassāni ekapokkharaṇiyā nissandena nibbattāni. Caturāsīti itthisahassāni puttasahassāni gahapatisahassāni paribhogabhājanapattathālaka dhamakaraṇa parissāvana ārakaṇṭaka pipphalaka nakhacchedana kuñcikakaṇṇamalaharaṇī pādakathalika upāhana chatta kattarayaṭṭhidānassa nissandena nibbattāni. Caturāsīti dhenusahassāni gorasadānassa nissandena nibbattāni. Caturāsīti vatthakoṭisahassāni <a name="V2.0204"></a> nivāsanapārupanadānassa nissandena nibbattāni<a name="M2.0228"></a>. Caturāsīti thālipākasahassāni bhojanadānassa nissandena nibbattānīti veditabbāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para272"></a><a name="para272_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">272</span>. Evaṃ bhagavā mahāsudassanassa sampattiṃ ādito paṭṭhāya vitthārena kathetvā sabbaṃ taṃ dārakānaṃ paṃsvāgārakīḷanaṃ <a name="P2.0635"></a> viya dassento parinibbānamañcake nipannova <span class="bld">passānandā</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">vipariṇatā</span>ti pakativijahanena nibbutapadīpo viya apaññattikabhāvaṃ gatā. <span class="bld">Evaṃ aniccā kho, ānanda, saṅkhārā</span>ti evaṃ hutvā abhāvaṭṭhena aniccā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettāvatā bhagavā yathā nāma puriso satahatthubbedhe campakarukkhe nisseṇiṃ bandhitvā abhiruhitvā campakapupphaṃ ādāya nisseṇiṃ muñcanto otareyya, evameva nisseṇiṃ bandhanto viya anekavassakoṭisatasahassubbedhaṃ mahāsudassanasampattiṃ āruyha sampattimatthake ṭhitaṃ aniccalakkhaṇaṃ ādāya nisseṇiṃ muñcanto viya otiṇṇo. Teneva pubbe vasabharājā dīghabhāṇakattherānaṃ lohapāsādassa pācīnapasse ambalaṭṭhikāyaṃ imaṃ suttaṃ sajjhāyantānaṃ sutvā – ‘‘kiṃ, bho, mayhaṃ ayyakena ettha vuttaṃ, attano khāditapītaṭṭhāne sampattimeva kathetī’’ti cintento – ‘‘evaṃ aniccā kho, ānanda, saṅkhārā’’ti vuttakāle ‘‘imaṃ, bho, disvā pañcahi cakkhūhi cakkhumatā evaṃ vutta’’nti vāmahatthaṃ samiñjitvā dakkhiṇahatthena apphoṭetvā – ‘‘sādhu sādhū’’ti tuṭṭhahadayo sādhukāraṃ adāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evaṃ addhuvā</span>ti evaṃ udakapupphuḷādayo viya dhuvabhāvavirahitā. <span class="bld">Evaṃ anassāsikā</span>ti evaṃ supinake pītapānīyaṃ viya anulittacandanaṃ viya ca assāsavirahitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sarīraṃ nikkhipeyyā</span>ti sarīraṃ chaḍḍeyya. Idāni aññassa sarīrassa nikkhepo vā paṭijagganaṃ vā natthi kilesapahīnattā, ānanda, tathāgatassāti vadati. Idaṃ pana vatvā puna theraṃ āmantesi, cakkavattino ānubhāvo nāma rañño pabbajitassa sattame divase antaradhāyati. Mahāsudassanassa pana kālaṅkiriyato sattameva divase sattaratanapākārā sattaratanatālā caturāsīti pokkharaṇīsahassāni dhammapāsādo dhammapokkharaṇī cakkaratananti sabbametaṃ antaradhāyīti. Hatthiādīsu pana ayaṃ dhammatā khīṇāyukā saheva kālaṅkaronti. Āyusese <a name="M2.0229"></a> sati hatthiratanaṃ uposathakulaṃ gacchati, assaratanaṃ valāhakakulaṃ, maṇiratanaṃ vepullapabbatameva <a name="V2.0205"></a> gacchati. Itthiratanassa <a name="P2.0636"></a> ānubhāvo antaradhāyati. Gahapatiratanassa cakkhu pākatikameva hoti. Pariṇāyakaratanassa veyyattiyaṃ nassati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Idamavoca bhagavā</span>ti idaṃ pāḷiyaṃ āruḷhañca anāruḷhañca sabbaṃ bhagavā avoca. Sesaṃ uttānatthamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti sumaṅgalavilāsiniyā dīghanikāyaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</p>
<p class="centered">Mahāsudassanasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter"><a name="dn2_5"></a>5. Janavasabhasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">Nātikiyādibyākaraṇavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para273-275"></a><a name="para273-275_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">273-275</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V2.0206"></a><a name="M2.0230"></a><a name="P2.0637"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti janavasabhasuttaṃ. Tatrāyaṃ anuttānapadavaṇṇanā – <span class="bld">parito parito janapadesū</span>ti samantā samantā janapadesu. <span class="bld">Paricārake</span>ti buddhadhammasaṅghānaṃ paricārake. <span class="bld">Upapattīsū</span>ti ñāṇagatipuññānaṃ upapattīsu. <span class="bld">Kāsikosalesū</span>ti kāsīsu ca kosalesu ca, kāsiraṭṭhe ca kosalaraṭṭhe cāti attho. Esa nayo sabbattha. Aṅgamagadhayonakakambojaassakaavantiraṭṭhesu pana chasu na byākaroti. Imesaṃ pana soḷasannaṃ mahājanapadānaṃ purimesu dasasuyeva byākaroti. <span class="bld">Nātikiyā</span>ti nātikagāmavāsino.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tenā</span>ti tena anāgāmiādibhāvena. <span class="bld">Sutvā</span>ti sabbaññutaññāṇena paricchinditvā byākarontassa bhagavato pañhābyākaraṇaṃ sutvā tesaṃ anāgāmiādīsu niṭṭhaṅgatā hutvā. Tena anāgāmiādibhāvena attamanā ahesuṃ. Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ pana <span class="bld">tenā</span>ti te nātikiyāti vuttaṃ. Etasmiṃ atthe na-kāro nipātamattaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Ānandaparikathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para277"></a><a name="para277_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">277</span>. <span class="bld">Bhagavantaṃ kittayamānarūpo</span>ti aho buddho, aho dhammo, aho saṅgho; aho dhammo svākkhātoti evaṃ kittayantova kālamakāsi. <span class="bld">Bahujano pasīdeyyā</span>ti amhākaṃ pitā mātā bhātā bhaginī putto dhītā sahāyako, tena amhehi saddhiṃ ekato bhuttā, ekato sayitā, tassa idañcidañca manāpaṃ akarimha, so kira anāgāmī sakadāgāmī sotāpanno; aho sādhu, aho suṭṭhūti evaṃ bahujano pasādaṃ āpajjeyya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para278"></a><a name="para278_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">278</span>. <span class="bld">Gati</span>nti <a name="V2.0207"></a> ñāṇagatiṃ. <span class="bld">Abhisamparāya</span>nti ñāṇābhisamparāyameva. <span class="bld">Addasā kho</span>ti kittake jane addasa? Catuvīsatisatasahassāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para279"></a><a name="para279_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">279</span>. <span class="bld">Upasantapadisso</span>ti <a name="M2.0231"></a> upasantadassano. <span class="bld">Bhātirivā</span>ti <a name="P2.0638"></a> ativiya bhāti, ativiya virocati. <span class="bld">Indriyāna</span>nti manacchaṭṭhānaṃ indriyānaṃ. <span class="bld">Addasaṃ kho ahaṃ ānandā</span>ti neva dasa, na vīsati, na sataṃ, na sahassaṃ, anūnādhikāni catuvīsatisatasahassāni addasanti āha.</p>
<p class="subhead">Janavasabhayakkhavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para280"></a><a name="para280_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">280</span>. Disvā pana me ettako jano maṃ nissāya dukkhā pamuttoti balavasomanassaṃ uppajji, cittaṃ pasīdi, cittassa pasannattā cittasamuṭṭhānaṃ lohitaṃ pasīdi, lohitassa pasannattā manacchaṭṭhāni indriyāni pasīdiṃsūti sabbamidaṃ vatvā <span class="bld">atha kho ānandā</span>tiādimāha. Tattha yasmā so bhagavato dhammakathaṃ sutvā dasasahassādhikassa janasatasahassassa jeṭṭhako hutvā sotāpanno jāto, tasmā <span class="bld">janavasabho</span>tissa nāmaṃ ahosi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ito sattā</span>ti ito devalokā cavitvā satta. <span class="bld">Tato sattā</span>ti tato manussalokā cavitvā satta. <span class="bld">Saṃsārāni catuddasā</span>ti sabbāpi catuddasakhandhapaṭipāṭiyo. <span class="bld">Nivāsamabhijānāmī</span>ti jātivasena nivāsaṃ jānāmi. <span class="bld">Yattha me vusitaṃ pure</span>ti yattha devesu ca vessavaṇassa sahabyataṃ upagatena manussesu ca rājabhūtena ito attabhāvato pureyeva mayā vusitaṃ. Pure evaṃ vusitattā eva ca idāni sotāpanno hutvā tīsu vatthūsu bahuṃ puññaṃ katvā tassānubhāvena upari nibbattituṃ samatthopi dīgharattaṃ vusitaṭṭhāne nikantiyā balavatāya ettheva nibbatto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para281"></a><a name="para281_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">281</span>. <span class="bld">Āsā ca pana me santiṭṭhatī</span>ti imināhaṃ sotāpannoti na suttappamattova hutvā kālaṃ vītināmesiṃ. Sakadāgāmimaggatthāya pana me vipassanā āraddhā. Ajjeva ajjeva paṭivijjhissāmīti evaṃ saussāho viharāmīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Yadagge</span>ti laṭṭhivanuyyāne paṭhamadassane sotāpannadivasaṃ sandhāya vadati. <span class="bld">Tadagge ahaṃ, bhante, dīgharattaṃ avinipāto avinipātaṃ sañjānāmī</span>ti taṃdivasaṃ ādiṃ katvā, ahaṃ, bhante, purimaṃ catuddasaattabhāvasaṅkhātaṃ dīgharattaṃ avinipāto laṭṭhivanuyyāne sotāpattimaggavasena adhigataṃ avinipātadhammataṃ sañjānāmīti attho. <span class="bld">Anacchariya</span>nti <a name="M2.0232"></a> anuacchariyaṃ. Cintayamānaṃ punappunaṃ acchariyamevidaṃ yaṃ kenacideva karaṇīyena gacchanto bhagavantaṃ antarāmagge addasaṃ. Idampi acchariyaṃ <a name="P2.0639"></a> yañca vessavaṇassa <a name="V2.0208"></a> mahārājassa sayaṃparisāya bhāsato bhagavato diṭṭhasadisameva sammukhā sutaṃ. <span class="bld">Dve paccayā</span>ti antarāmagge diṭṭhabhāvo ca vessavaṇassa sammukhā sutaṃ ārocetukāmatā ca.</p>
<p class="subhead">Devasabhāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para282"></a><a name="para282_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">282</span>. <span class="bld">Sannipatitā</span>ti kasmā sannipatitā? Te kira catūhi kāraṇehi sannipatanti. Vassūpanāyikasaṅgahatthaṃ, pavāraṇāsaṅgahatthaṃ, dhammasavanatthaṃ, pāricchattakakīḷānubhavanatthanti. Tattha sve vassūpanāyikāti āsāḷhīpuṇṇamāya dvīsu devalokesu devā sudhammāya devasabhāya sannipatitvā mantenti asukavihāre eko bhikkhu vassūpagato, asukavihāre dve tayo cattāro pañca dasa vīsati tiṃsaṃ cattālīsaṃ paññāsaṃ sataṃ sahassaṃ bhikkhū vassūpagatā, etthettha ṭhāne ayyānaṃ ārakkhaṃ susaṃvihitaṃ karothāti evaṃ vassūpanāyikasaṅgaho kato hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tadāpi eteneva kāraṇena sannipatitā. <span class="bld">Idaṃ tesaṃ hoti āsanasmi</span>nti idaṃ tesaṃ catunnaṃ mahārājānaṃ āsanaṃ hoti. Evaṃ tesu nisinnesu atha pacchā amhākaṃ āsanaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yenatthenā</span>ti yena vassūpanāyikatthena. <span class="bld">Taṃ atthaṃ cintayitvā taṃ atthaṃ mantayitvā</span>ti taṃ araññavāsino bhikkhusaṅghassa ārakkhatthaṃ cintayitvā. Etthettha vuṭṭhabhikkhusaṅghassa ārakkhaṃ saṃvidahathāti catūhi mahārājehi saddhiṃ mantetvā. <span class="bld">Vuttavacanāpi ta</span>nti tettiṃsa devaputtā vadanti, mahārājāno <span class="bld">vuttavacanā</span> nāma. Tathā tettiṃsa devaputtā paccānusāsanti, itare <span class="bld">paccānusiṭṭhavacanā</span> nāma. Padadvayepi pana tanti nipātamattameva. <span class="bld">Avipakkantā</span>ti agatā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para283"></a><a name="para283_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">283</span>. <span class="bld">Uḷāro</span>ti vipulo mahā. <span class="bld">Devānubhāva</span>nti yā sā sabbadevatānaṃ vatthālaṅkāravimānasarīrānaṃ pabhā dvādasa yojanāni pharati. Mahāpuññānaṃ pana sarīrappabhā yojanasataṃ pharati. Taṃ devānubhāvaṃ atikkamitvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Brahmuno</span> <a name="M2.0233"></a> <span class="bld">hetaṃ pubbanimitta</span>nti yathā sūriyassa udayato etaṃ pubbaṅgamaṃ etaṃ pubbanimittaṃ yadidaṃ aruṇuggaṃ, evameva brahmunopi etaṃ – ‘‘pubbanimitta’’nti dīpeti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Sanaṅkumārakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para284"></a><a name="para284_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">284</span>. <span class="bld">Anabhisambhavanīyo</span>ti <a name="V2.0209"></a><a name="P2.0640"></a> apattabbo, na taṃ devā tāvatiṃsā passantīti attho. <span class="bld">Cakkhupathasmi</span>nti cakkhupasāde āpāthe vā. So devānaṃ cakkhussa āpāthe sambhavanīyo pattabbo na hoti, na abhibhavatīti vuttaṃ hoti. Heṭṭhā heṭṭhā hi devatā uparūpari devānaṃ oḷārikaṃ katvā māpitameva attabhāvaṃ passituṃ sakkonti, <span class="bld">vedapaṭilābha</span>nti tuṭṭhipaṭilābhaṃ. <span class="bld">Adhunābhisitto rajjenā</span>ti sampati abhisitto rajjena. Ayaṃ panattho duṭṭhagāmaṇiabhayavatthunā dīpetabbo –</p>
<p class="bodytext">So kira dvattiṃsa damiḷarājāno vijitvā anurādhapure pattābhiseko tuṭṭhasomanassena māsaṃ niddaṃ na labhi, tato – ‘‘niddaṃ na labhāmi, bhante’’ti bhikkhusaṅghassa ācikkhi. Tena hi, mahārāja, ajja uposathaṃ adhiṭṭhāhīti. So ca uposathaṃ adhiṭṭhāsi. Saṅgho gantvā – ‘‘cittayamakaṃ sajjhāyathā’’ti aṭṭha ābhidhammikabhikkhū pesesi. Te gantvā – ‘‘nipajja tvaṃ, mahārājā,’’ti vatvā sajjhāyaṃ ārabhiṃsu. Rājā sajjhāyaṃ suṇantova niddaṃ okkami. Therā – rājānaṃ mā pabodhayitthāti pakkamiṃsu. Rājā dutiyadivase sūriyuggamane pabujjhitvā there apassanto – ‘‘kuhiṃ ayyā’’ti pucchi. Tumhākaṃ niddokkamanabhāvaṃ ñatvā gatāti. Natthi, bho, mayhaṃ ayyakassa dārakānaṃ ajānanakabhesajjaṃ nāma, yāva niddābhesajjampi jānanti yevāti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pañcasikho</span>ti pañcasikhagandhabbasadiso hutvā. Pañcasikhagandhabbadevaputtassa kira sabbadevatā attabhāvaṃ mamāyanti. Tasmā brahmāpi tādisaṃyeva attabhāvaṃ nimminitvā pāturahosi. <span class="bld">Pallaṅkena nisīdī</span>ti pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā nisīdi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vissaṭṭho</span>ti sumutto apalibuddho. <span class="bld">Viññeyyo</span>ti atthaviññāpano. <span class="bld">Mañjū</span>ti madhuro mudu. <span class="bld">Savanīyo</span>ti sotabbayuttako kaṇṇasukho. <span class="bld">Bindū</span>ti <a name="M2.0234"></a> ekagghano. <span class="bld">Avisārī</span>ti suvisado avippakiṇṇo. <span class="bld">Gambhīro</span>ti nābhimūlato paṭṭhāya gambhīrasamuṭṭhito, na jivhādantaoṭṭhatālumattappahārasamuṭṭhito. Evaṃ samuṭṭhito hi amadhuro ca hoti, na ca dūraṃ sāveti. <span class="bld">Ninnādī</span>ti <a name="P2.0641"></a> mahāmeghamudiṅgasaddo viya ninnādayutto. Apicettha pacchimaṃ pacchimaṃ padaṃ purimassa purimassa atthoyevāti veditabbo. <span class="bld">Yathāparisa</span>nti yattakā parisā, tattakameva viññāpeti. Anto parisāyaṃ yevassa saddo samparivattati, na bahiddhā vidhāvati. <span class="bld">Ye hi kecī</span>ti <a name="V2.0210"></a> ādi bahujanahitāya paṭipannabhāvadassanatthaṃ vadati. <span class="bld">Saraṇaṃ gatā</span>ti na yathā vā tathā vā saraṇaṃ gate sandhāya vadati. Nibbematikagahitasaraṇe pana sandhāya vadati. <span class="bld">Gandhabbakāyaṃ paripūrentī</span>ti gandhabbadevagaṇaṃ paripūrenti. Iti amhākaṃ satthu loke uppannakālato paṭṭhāya cha devalokādīsu piṭṭhaṃ koṭṭetvā pūritanāḷi viya saravananaḷavanaṃ viya ca nirantaraṃ jātaparisāti āha.</p>
<p class="subhead">Bhāvitaiddhipādavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para287"></a><a name="para287_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">287</span>. <span class="bld">Yāvasupaññattā cime tena bhagavatā</span>ti tena mayhaṃ satthārā bhagavatā yāva supaññattā yāva sukathitā. <span class="bld">Iddhipādā</span>ti ettha ijjhanaṭṭhena iddhi, patiṭṭhānaṭṭhena pādāti veditabbā. <span class="bld">Iddhipahutāyā</span>ti iddhipahonakatāya. <span class="bld">Iddhivisavitāyā</span>ti iddhivipajjanabhāvāya, punappunaṃ āsevanavasena ciṇṇavasitāyāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Iddhivikubbanatāyā</span>ti iddhivikubbanabhāvāya, nānappakārato katvā dassanatthāya. <span class="bld">Chandasamādhippadhānasaṅkhārasamannāgata</span>ntiādīsu chandahetuko chandādhiko vā samādhi chandasamādhi, kattukamyatāchandaṃ adhipatiṃ karitvā paṭiladdhasamādhissetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Padhānabhūtā saṅkhārā padhānasaṅkhārā. Catukiccasādhakassa sammappadhānavīriyassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Samannāgata</span>nti chandasamādhinā ca padhānasaṅkhārena ca upetaṃ. <span class="bld">Iddhipāda</span>nti nipphattipariyāyena ijjhanaṭṭhena vā, ijjhanti etāya sattā iddhā vuddhā ukkaṃsagatā hontīti iminā vā pariyāyena <span class="bld">iddhī</span>ti saṅkhyaṃ gatānaṃ abhiññācittasampayuttānaṃ chandasamādhipadhānasaṅkhārānaṃ adhiṭṭhānaṭṭhena pādabhūto sesacittacetasikarāsīti attho. Vuttañhetaṃ – ‘‘iddhipādoti tathābhūtassa vedanākkhandho, saññākkhandho, saṅkhārakkhandho viññāṇakkhandho’’ti (vibha. 434). Iminā <a name="M2.0235"></a> nayena sesesupi attho veditabbo. Yatheva <a name="P2.0642"></a> hi chandaṃ adhipatiṃ karitvā paṭiladdhasamādhi chandasamādhīti vutto, evaṃ vīriyaṃ, cittaṃ, vīmaṃsaṃ adhipatiṃ karitvā paṭiladdhasamādhi vīmaṃsāsamādhīti vuccati. Apica upacārajjhānaṃ pādo, paṭhamajjhānaṃ iddhi. Saupacāraṃ paṭhamajjhānaṃ pādo, dutiyajjhānaṃ iddhīti evaṃ pubbabhāge pādo, aparabhāge iddhīti evamettha attho veditabbo. Vitthārena iddhipādakathā <span class="bld">visuddhimagge</span> ca <span class="bld">vibhaṅgaṭṭhakathāya</span> ca vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Keci pana ‘‘nipphannā iddhi. Anipphanno iddhipādo’’ti vadanti, tesaṃ vādamaddanatthāya abhidhamme <span class="bld">uttaracūḷikavāro</span> nāma ābhato – ‘‘cattāro iddhipādā chandiddhipādo, vīriyiddhipādo, cittiddhipādo, vīmaṃsiddhipādo. Tattha katamo chandiddhipādo? Idha bhikkhu yasmiṃ <a name="V2.0211"></a> samaye lokuttaraṃ jhānaṃ bhāveti niyyānikaṃ apacayagāmiṃ diṭṭhigatānaṃ pahānāya paṭhamāya bhūmiyā pattiyā vivicceva kāmehi paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati dukkhāpaṭipadaṃ dandhābhiññaṃ. Yo tasmiṃ samaye chando chandikatā kattukamyatā kusalo dhammacchando, ayaṃ vuccati chandiddhipādo, avasesā dhammā chandiddhipādasampayuttā’’ti (vibha. 458). Ime pana lokuttaravaseneva āgatā. Tattha raṭṭhapālatthero chandaṃ dhuraṃ katvā lokuttaraṃ dhammaṃ nibbattesi. Soṇatthero vīriyaṃ dhuraṃ katvā, sambhūtatthero cittaṃ dhuraṃ katvā, āyasmā mogharājā vīmaṃsaṃ dhuraṃ katvāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha yathā catūsu amaccaputtesu ṭhānantaraṃ patthetvā rājānaṃ upanissāya viharantesu eko upaṭṭhāne chandajāto rañño ajjhāsayañca ruciñca ñatvā divā ca ratto ca upaṭṭhahanto rājānaṃ ārādhetvā ṭhānantaraṃ pāpuṇi. Yathā so, evaṃ chandadhurena lokuttaradhammanibbattako veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Eko pana – ‘‘divase divase upaṭṭhātuṃ ko sakkoti, uppanne kicce parakkamena ārādhessāmī’’ti kupite paccante raññā pahito parakkamena sattumaddanaṃ katvā ṭhānantaraṃ pāpuṇi. Yathā so, evaṃ vīriyadhurena lokuttaradhammanibbattako veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Eko <a name="M2.0236"></a> – ‘‘divase divase upaṭṭhānampi urena sattisarapaṭicchannampi <a name="P2.0643"></a> bhāroyeva, mantabalena ārādhessāmī’’ti khattavijjāya kataparicayattā mantasaṃvidhānena rājānaṃ ārādhetvā ṭhānantaraṃ pāpuṇāti. Yathā so, evaṃ cittadhurena lokuttaradhammanibbattako veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparo – ‘‘kiṃ imehi upaṭṭhānādīhi, rājāno nāma jātisampannassa ṭhānantaraṃ denti, tādisassa dento mayhaṃ dassatī’’ti jātisampattimeva nissāya ṭhānantaraṃ pāpuṇi, yathā so, evaṃ suparisuddhaṃ vīmaṃsaṃ nissāya vīmaṃsadhurena lokuttaradhammanibbattako veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anekavihita</span>nti anekavidhaṃ. <span class="bld">Iddhividha</span>nti iddhikoṭṭhāsaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Tividhaokāsādhigamavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para288"></a><a name="para288_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">288</span>. <span class="bld">Sukhassādhigamāyā</span>ti jhānasukhassa maggasukhassa phalasukhassa ca adhigamāya. <span class="bld">Saṃsaṭṭho</span>ti <a name="V2.0212"></a> sampayuttacitto. <span class="bld">Ariyadhamma</span>nti ariyena bhagavatā buddhena desitaṃ dhammaṃ. <span class="bld">Suṇātī</span>ti satthu sammukhā bhikkhubhikkhunīādīhi vā desiyamānaṃ suṇāti. <span class="bld">Yoniso manasikarotī</span>ti upāyato pathato kāraṇato ‘anicca’ntiādivasena manasi karoti. <span class="bld">‘‘Yoniso manasikāro</span> nāma upāyamanasikāro pathamanasikāro, anicce aniccanti dukkhe dukkhanti anattani anattāti asubhe asubhanti saccānulomikena vā cittassa āvaṭṭanā anvāvaṭṭanā ābhogo samannāhāro manasikāro, ayaṃ vuccati yonisomanasikāro’’ti. Evaṃ vutte yonisomanasikāre kammaṃ ārabhatīti attho. <span class="bld">Asaṃsaṭṭho</span>ti vatthukāmehipi kilesakāmehipi asaṃsaṭṭho viharati. <span class="bld">Uppajjati sukha</span>nti uppajjati paṭhamajjhānasukhaṃ. <span class="bld">Sukhā bhiyyo somanassa</span>nti samāpattito vuṭṭhitassa jhānasukhapaccayā aparāparaṃ somanassaṃ uppajjati. <span class="bld">Pamudā</span>ti tuṭṭhākārato dubbalapīti. <span class="bld">Pāmojja</span>nti balavataraṃ pītisomanassaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭhamo okāsādhigamo</span>ti paṭhamajjhānaṃ pañcanīvaraṇāni vikkhambhetvā attano okāsaṃ gahetvā tiṭṭhati, tasmā ‘‘paṭhamo okāsādhigamo’’ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Oḷārikā</span>ti <a name="M2.0237"></a> ettha kāyavacīsaṅkhārā tāva oḷārikā hontu, cittasaṅkhārā kathaṃ oḷārikāti? Appahīnattā. Kāyasaṅkhārā hi catutthajjhānena pahīyanti, vacīsaṅkhārā dutiyajjhānena, cittasaṅkhārā nirodhasamāpattiyā. Iti kāyavacīsaṅkhāresu pahīnesupi te tiṭṭhantiyevāti pahīne upādāya <a name="P2.0644"></a> appahīnattā oḷārikā nāma jātā. <span class="bld">Sukha</span>nti nirodhā vuṭṭhahantassa uppannaṃ catutthajjhānikaphalasamāpattisukhaṃ. <span class="bld">Sukhā bhiyyo somanassa</span>ti phalasamāpattito vuṭṭhitassa aparāparaṃ somanassaṃ. <span class="bld">Dutiyo okāsādhigamo</span>ti catutthajjhānaṃ sukhaṃ dukkhaṃ vikkhambhetvā attano okāsaṃ gahetvā tiṭṭhati, tasmā ‘‘dutiyo okāsādhigamo’’ti vuttaṃ. Dutiyatatiyajjhānāni panettha catutthe gahite gahitāneva hontīti visuṃ na vuttānīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Idaṃ kusala</span>ntiādīsu <span class="bld">kusalaṃ</span> nāma dasakusalakammapathā. <span class="bld">Akusala</span>nti dasaakusalakammapathā. <span class="bld">Sāvajjadukādayo</span>pi etesaṃ vaseneva veditabbā. Sabbañceva panetaṃ kaṇhañca sukkañca sappaṭibhāgañcāti <span class="bld">kaṇhasukkasappaṭibhāgaṃ.</span> Nibbānameva hetaṃ appaṭibhāgaṃ. <span class="bld">Avijjā pahīyatī</span>ti vaṭṭapaṭicchādikā avijjā pahīyati. <span class="bld">Vijjā uppajjatī</span>ti arahattamaggavijjā uppajjati. <span class="bld">Sukha</span>nti arahattamaggasukhañceva phalasukhañca. <span class="bld">Sukhā bhiyyo somanassa</span>nti phalasamāpattito vuṭṭhitassa aparāparaṃ somanassaṃ. <span class="bld">Tatiyo okāsādhigamo</span>ti arahattamaggo sabbakilese vikkhambhetvā attano okāsaṃ gahetvā tiṭṭhati, tasmā ‘‘tatiyo okāsādhigamo’’ti vutto. Sesamaggā pana tasmiṃ gahite antogadhā evāti visuṃ na vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ime <a name="V2.0213"></a> pana tayo okāsādhigamā aṭṭhatiṃsārammaṇavasena vitthāretvā kathetabbā. Kathaṃ? Sabbāni ārammaṇāni <span class="bld">visuddhimagge</span> vuttanayeneva upacāravasena ca appanāvasena ca vavatthapetvā catuvīsatiyā ṭhānesu paṭhamajjhānaṃ ‘‘paṭhamo okāsādhigamo’’ti kathetabbaṃ. Terasasu ṭhānesu dutiyatatiyajjhānāni, pannarasasu ṭhānesu catutthajjhānañca nirodhasamāpattiṃ pāpetvā ‘‘dutiyo okāsādhigamo’’ti kathetabbaṃ. Dasa upacārajjhānāni pana maggassa padaṭṭhānabhūtāni tatiyaṃ okāsādhigamaṃ bhajanti. Apica tīsu sikkhāsu adhisīlasikkhā paṭhamaṃ okāsādhigamaṃ bhajati, adhicittasikkhā dutiyaṃ, adhipaññāsikkhā tatiyanti evaṃ sikkhāvasenapi kathetabbaṃ. Sāmaññaphalepi cūḷasīlato yāva paṭhamajjhānā paṭhamo okāsādhigamo<a name="M2.0238"></a>, dutiyajjhānato yāva nevasaññānāsaññāyatanā dutiyo<a name="P2.0645"></a>, vipassanāto yāva arahattā tatiyo okāsādhigamoti evaṃ sāmaññaphalasuttantavasenapi kathetabbaṃ. Tīsu pana piṭakesu vinayapiṭakaṃ paṭhamaṃ okāsādhigamaṃ bhajati, suttantapiṭakaṃ dutiyaṃ, abhidhammapiṭakaṃ tatiyanti evaṃ piṭakavasenapi kathetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pubbe kira mahātherā vassūpanāyikāya imameva suttaṃ paṭṭhapenti. Kiṃ kāraṇā? Tīṇi piṭakāni vibhajitvā kathetuṃ labhissāmāti. Tepiṭakena hi samodhānetvā kathentassa dukkathitanti na sakkā vattuṃ. Tepiṭakaṃ bhajāpetvā kathitameva idaṃ suttaṃ sukathitaṃ hotīti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Catusatipaṭṭhānavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para289"></a><a name="para289_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">289</span>. <span class="bld">Kusalassādhigamāyā</span>ti maggakusalassa ceva phalakusalassa ca adhigamatthāya. Ubhayampi hetaṃ anavajjaṭṭhena khemaṭṭhena vā kusalameva. <span class="bld">Tattha sammāsamādhiyatī</span>ti tasmiṃ ajjhattakāye samāhito ekaggacitto hoti. <span class="bld">Bahiddhā parakāye ñāṇadassanaṃ abhinibbattetī</span>ti attano kāyato parassa kāyābhimukhaṃ ñāṇaṃ peseti. Esa nayo sabbattha. Sabbattheva ca <span class="bld">satimā</span>ti padena kāyādipariggāhikā sati, <span class="bld">loko</span>ti padena pariggahitakāyādayova loko. Cattāro cete satipaṭṭhānā lokiyalokuttaramissakā kathitāti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Sattasamādhiparikkhāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para290"></a><a name="para290_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">290</span>. <span class="bld">Samādhiparikkhārā</span>ti ettha tayo parikkhārā. ‘‘Ratho sīlaparikkhāro jhānakkho cakkavīriyo’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.4) hi ettha alaṅkāro parikkhāro nāma. ‘‘Sattahi nagaraparikkhārehi <a name="V2.0214"></a> suparikkhataṃ hotī’’ti (a. ni. 7.67) ettha parivāro parikkhāro nāma. ‘‘Gilānapaccayajīvitaparikkhāro’’ti (dī. ni. 3.182) ettha sambhāro parikkhāro nāma. Idha pana parivāraparikkhāravasena ‘‘satta samādhiparikkhārā’’ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Parikkhatā</span>ti parivāritā. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ vuccati so ariyo sammāsamādhī</span>ti ayaṃ sattahi ratanehi parivuto cakkavattī viya sattahi aṅgehi parivuto <a name="M2.0239"></a> ‘‘ariyo sammāsamādhī’’ti vuccati. <span class="bld">Saupaniso itipī</span>ti saupanissayo itipi vuccati, saparivāro yevāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Sammādiṭṭhissā</span>ti sammādiṭṭhiyaṃ ṭhitassa. <span class="bld">Sammāsaṅkappo pahotī</span>ti sammāsaṅkappo pavattati. Esa nayo sabbapadesu. Ayaṃ panattho maggavasenāpi phalavasenāpi veditabbo. Kathaṃ? Maggasammādiṭṭhiyaṃ ṭhitassa <a name="P2.0646"></a> maggasammāsaṅkappo pahoti…pe… maggañāṇe ṭhitassa maggavimutti pahoti. Tathā phalasammādiṭṭhiyaṃ ṭhitassa phalasammāsaṅkappo pahoti…pe… phalasammāñāṇe ṭhitassa phalavimutti pahotīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Svākkhāto</span>tiādīni <span class="bld">visuddhimagge</span> vaṇṇitāni. <span class="bld">Apārutā</span>ti vivaṭā. <span class="bld">Amatassā</span>ti nibbānassa. <span class="bld">Dvārā</span>ti pavesanamaggā. <span class="bld">Aveccappasādenā</span>ti acalappasādena. <span class="bld">Dhammavinītā</span>ti sammāniyyānena niyyātā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Atthāyaṃ itarā pajā</span>ti anāgāmino sandhāyāha, anāgāmino ca atthīti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Puññabhāgā</span>ti puññakoṭṭhāsena nibbattā. <span class="bld">Ottappa</span>nti ottappamāno. Tena kadāci nāma musā assāti musāvādabhayena saṅkhātuṃ na sakkomi, na pana mama saṅkhātuṃ balaṃ natthīti dīpeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para291"></a><a name="para291_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">291</span>. <span class="bld">Taṃ kiṃ maññati bhava</span>nti iminā kevalaṃ vessavaṇaṃ pucchati, na panassa evarūpo satthā nāhosīti vā na bhavissatīti vā laddhi atthi. Sabbabuddhānañhi abhisamaye viseso natthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para292"></a><a name="para292_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">292</span>. <span class="bld">Sayaṃparisāya</span>nti attano parisāyaṃ. <span class="bld">Tayidaṃ brahmacariya</span>nti taṃ idaṃ sakalaṃ sikkhattayabrahmacariyaṃ. Sesaṃ uttānameva. Imāni pana padāni dhammasaṅgāhakattherehi ṭhapitānīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti sumaṅgalavilāsiniyā dīghanikāyaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</p>
<p class="centered">Janavasabhasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter"><a name="dn2_6"></a>6. Mahāgovindasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para293"></a><a name="para293_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">293</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V2.0215"></a><a name="P2.0647"></a><a name="M2.0240"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti mahāgovindasuttaṃ. Tatrāyamanuttānapadavaṇṇanā – <span class="bld">pañcasikho</span>ti pañcacūḷo pañcakuṇḍaliko. So kira manussapathe puññakammakaraṇakāle daharo pañcacūḷakadārakakāle vacchapālakajeṭṭhako hutvā aññepi dārake gahetvā bahigāme catumaggaṭṭhānesu sālaṃ karonto pokkharaṇiṃ khaṇanto setuṃ bandhanto visamaṃ maggaṃ samaṃ karonto yānānaṃ akkhapaṭighātanarukkhe harantoti evarūpāni puññāni karonto vicaritvā daharova kālamakāsi. Tassa so attabhāvo iṭṭho kanto manāpo ahosi. So kālaṃ katvā cātumahārājikadevaloke navutivassasatasahassappamāṇaṃ āyuṃ gahetvā nibbatti. Tassa tigāvutappamāṇo suvaṇṇakkhandhasadiso attabhāvo ahosi. So sakaṭasahassamattaṃ ābharaṇaṃ pasādhetvā navakumbhamatte gandhe vilimpitvā dibbarattavatthadharo rattasuvaṇṇakaṇṇikaṃ piḷandhitvā pañcahi kuṇḍalakehi piṭṭhiyaṃ vattamānehi pañcacūḷakadārakaparihāreneva vicarati. Tenetaṃ ‘‘pañcasikho’’ tveva sañjānanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Abhikkantāya rattiyā</span>ti abhikkantāya khīṇāya rattiyā, ekakoṭṭhāsaṃ atītāyāti attho. <span class="bld">Abhikkantavaṇṇo</span>ti atiiṭṭhakantamanāpavaṇṇo. Pakatiyāpi hesa kantavaṇṇo, alaṅkaritvā āgatattā pana abhikkantavaṇṇo ahosi. <span class="bld">Kevalakappa</span>nti anavasesaṃ samantato. Anavasesattho ettha kevalasaddo. Kevalaparipuṇṇanti ettha viya. Samantato attho kappasaddo, kevalakappaṃ jetavanantiādīsu viya. <span class="bld">Obhāsetvā</span>ti ābhāya pharitvā, candimā viya sūriyo viya ca ekobhāsaṃ ekapajjotaṃ karitvāti attho.</p>
<p class="subhead">Devasabhāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para294"></a><a name="para294_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">294</span>. <span class="bld">Sudhammāyaṃ sabhāya</span>nti sudhammāya nāma itthiyā ratanamattakaṇṇikarukkhanissandena nibbattasabhāyaṃ<a name="V2.0216"></a>. Tassā <a name="P2.0648"></a> kira phalikamayā bhūmi, maṇimayā āṇiyo<a name="M2.0241"></a>, suvaṇṇamayā thambhā, rajatamayā thambhaghaṭikā ca saṅghātā ca, pavāḷamayāni vāḷarūpāni, sattaratanamayā gopānasiyo ca pakkhapāsakā ca mukhavaṭṭi ca, indanīlaiṭṭhakāhi chadanaṃ, sovaṇṇamayaṃ chadanapīṭhaṃ, rajatamayā thūpikā, āyāmato ca vitthārato ca tīṇi yojanasatāni, parikkhepato navayojanasatāni, ubbedhato pañcayojanasatāni, evarūpāyaṃ sudhammāyaṃ sabhāyaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dhataraṭṭho</span>tiādīsu <span class="bld">dhataraṭṭho</span> gandhabbarājā gandhabbadevatānaṃ koṭisatasahassena parivuto koṭisatasahassasuvaṇṇamayāni phalakāni ca suvaṇṇasattiyo ca gāhāpetvā puratthimāya disāya pacchimābhimukho dvīsu devalokesu devatā purato katvā nisinno.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Virūḷhako</span> kumbhaṇḍarājā kumbhaṇḍadevatānaṃ koṭisatasahassena parivuto koṭisatasahassarajatamayāni phalakāni ca suvaṇṇasattiyo ca gāhāpetvā dakkhiṇāya disāya uttarābhimukho dvīsu devalokesu devatā purato katvā nisinno.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Virūpakkho</span> nāgarājā nāgānaṃ koṭisatasahassena parivuto koṭisatasahassamaṇimayāni mahāphalakāni ca suvaṇṇasattiyo ca gāhāpetvā pacchimāya disāya puratthimābhimukho dvīsu devalokesu devatā purato katvā nisinno.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vessavaṇo</span> yakkharājā yakkhānaṃ koṭisatasahassena parivuto koṭisatasahassapavāḷamayāni mahāphalakāni ca suvaṇṇasattiyo ca gāhāpetvā uttarāya disāya dakkhiṇābhimukho dvīsu devalokesu devatā purato katvā nisinnoti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Atha pacchā amhākaṃ āsanaṃ hotī</span>ti tesaṃ pacchato amhākaṃ nisīdituṃ okāso pāpuṇāti. Tato paraṃ pavisituṃ vā passituṃ vā na labhāma. Sannipātakāraṇaṃ panettha pubbe vuttaṃ catubbidhameva. Tesu vassūpanāyikasaṅgaho vitthārito. Yathā pana vassūpanāyikāya, evaṃ mahāpavāraṇāyapi puṇṇamadivase sannipatitvā ‘‘ajja kattha gantvā kassa santike pavāressāmā’’ti mantenti. Tattha sakko devānamindo yebhuyyena piyaṅgudīpamahāvihārasmiṃyeva pavāreti. Sesā devatā pāricchattakādīni <a name="M2.0242"></a> dibbapupphāni ceva dibbacandanacuṇṇāni ca gahetvā attano attano manāpaṭṭhānameva gantvā pavārenti. Evaṃ pavāraṇasaṅgahatthāya sannipatanti<a name="P2.0649"></a>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Devaloke <a name="V2.0217"></a> pana <span class="bld">āsāvatī</span> nāma latā atthi. Sā pupphissatīti devā vassasahassaṃ upaṭṭhānaṃ gacchanti. Pāricchattake pupphamāne ekavassaṃ upaṭṭhānaṃ gacchanti. Te tassa paṇḍupalāsādibhāvato paṭṭhāya attamanā honti. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Yasmiṃ, bhikkhave, samaye devānaṃ tāvatiṃsānaṃ pāricchattako koviḷāro paṇḍupalāso hoti, attamanā, bhikkhave, devā tāvatiṃsā tasmiṃ samaye honti – ‘paṇḍupalāso kho dāni pāricchattako koviḷāro, na cirasseva pannapalāso bhavissatī’ti. Yasmiṃ, bhikkhave, samaye devānaṃ tāvatiṃsānaṃ pāricchattako koviḷāro pannapalāso hoti, khārakajāto hoti, jālakajāto hoti, kuṭumalakajāto hoti, korakajāto hoti. Attamanā, bhikkhave, devā tāvatiṃsā tasmiṃ samaye honti – ‘korakajāto dāni pāricchattako koviḷāro na cirasseva sabbapāliphullo bhavissatī’ti (a. ni. 7.69).</p>
<p class="indent">Sabbapāliphullassa kho pana, bhikkhave, pāricchattakassa koviḷārassa samantā paññāsa yojanāni ābhāya phuṭaṃ hoti, anuvātaṃ yojanasataṃ gandho gacchati. Ayamānubhāvo pāricchattakassa koviḷārassā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pupphite pāricchattake ārohaṇakiccaṃ vā aṅkusakaṃ gahetvā namanakiccaṃ vā pupphāharaṇatthaṃ caṅkoṭakakiccaṃ vā natthi, kantanakavāto uṭṭhahitvā pupphāni vaṇṭato kantati, sampaṭicchanakavāto sampaṭicchati, pavesanakavāto sudhammaṃ devasabhaṃ paveseti, sammajjanakavāto purāṇapupphāni nīharati, santharaṇakavāto pattakaṇṇikakesarāni naccanto santharati, majjhaṭṭhāne dhammāsanaṃ hoti. Yojanappamāṇo ratanapallaṅko upari tiyojanena setacchattena dhārayamānena, tadanantaraṃ sakkassa devarañño <a name="M2.0243"></a> āsanaṃ atthariyati. Tato tettiṃsāya devaputtānaṃ, tato aññāsaṃ mahesakkhadevatānaṃ. Aññataradevatānaṃ pana pupphakaṇṇikāva āsanaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Devā devasabhaṃ pavisitvā nisīdanti. Tato pupphehi reṇuvaṭṭi uggantvā upari kaṇṇikaṃ āhacca nipatamānā devatānaṃ tigāvutappamāṇaṃ attabhāvaṃ lākhārasaparikammasajjitaṃ viya <a name="P2.0650"></a> karoti. Tesaṃ sā kīḷā catūhi māsehi pariyosānaṃ gacchati. Evaṃ pāricchattakakīḷānubhavanatthāya sannipatanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Māsassa <a name="V2.0218"></a> pana aṭṭhadivase devaloke mahādhammasavanaṃ ghusati. Tattha sudhammāyaṃ devasabhāyaṃ sanaṅkumāro vā mahābrahmā, sakko vā devānamindo, dhammakathikabhikkhu vā, aññataro vā dhammakathiko devaputto dhammakathaṃ katheti. Aṭṭhamiyaṃ pakkhassa catunnaṃ mahārājānaṃ amaccā, cātuddasiyaṃ puttā, pannarase sayaṃ cattāro mahārājāno nikkhamitvā suvaṇṇapaṭṭañca jātihiṅgulakañca gaṇhitvā gāmanigamarājadhāniyo anuvicaranti. Te – ‘‘asukā nāma itthī vā puriso vā buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gato, dhammaṃ saraṇaṃ gato. Saṅghaṃ saraṇaṃ gato. Pañcasīlāni rakkhati. Māsassa aṭṭha uposathe karoti. Mātuupaṭṭhānaṃ pūreti. Pituupaṭṭhānaṃ pūreti. Asukaṭṭhāne uppalahatthakasatena pupphakumbhena pūjā katā. Dīpasahassaṃ āropitaṃ. Akāladhammasavanaṃ kāritaṃ. Chattavedikā puṭavedikā kucchivedikā sīhāsanaṃ sīhasopānaṃ kāritaṃ. Tīṇi sucaritāni pūreti. Dasakusalakammapathe samādāya vattatī’’ti suvaṇṇapaṭṭe jātihiṅgulakena likhitvā āharitvā pañcasikhassa hatthe denti. Pañcasikho mātalissa hatthe deti. Mātali saṅgāhako sakkassa devarañño deti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadā puññakammakārakā bahū na honti, potthako khuddako hoti, taṃ disvāva devā – ‘‘pamatto, vata bho mahājano viharati, cattāro apāyā paripūrissanti, cha devalokā tucchā bhavissantī’’ti anattamanā honti. Sace pana potthako mahā hoti, taṃ disvāva devā – ‘‘appamatto, vata bho, mahājano viharati, cattāro apāyā suññā bhavissanti<a name="M2.0244"></a>, cha devalokā paripūrissanti, buddhasāsane puññāni karitvā āgate mahāpuññe purakkhatvā nakkhattaṃ kīḷituṃ labhissāmā’’ti attamanā honti. Taṃ potthakaṃ gahetvā sakko devarājā vāceti. Tassa pakatiniyāmena kathentassa saddo dvādasa yojanāni gaṇhāti. Uccena sarena kathentassa ca sakalaṃ dasayojanasahassaṃ devanagaraṃ chādetvā tiṭṭhati. Evaṃ dhammasavanatthāya sannipatanti. Idha pana pavāraṇasaṅgahatthāya sannipatitāti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tathāgataṃ namassantā</span>ti navahi kāraṇehi tathāgataṃ namassamānā<a name="P2.0651"></a>. <span class="bld">Dhammassa ca sudhammata</span>nti svākkhātatādibhedaṃ dhammassa sudhammataṃ ujuppaṭipannatādibhedaṃ saṅghassa ca suppaṭipattinti attho.</p>
<p class="subhead">Aṭṭhayathābhuccavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para296"></a><a name="para296_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">296</span>. <span class="bld">Yathābhucce</span>ti yathābhūte yathāsabhāve. <span class="bld">Vaṇṇe</span>ti guṇe. <span class="bld">Payirudāhāsī</span>ti kathesi. <span class="bld">Bahujanahitāya</span> <a name="V2.0219"></a> <span class="bld">paṭipanno</span>ti kathaṃ paṭipanno? Dīpaṅkarapādamūle aṭṭha dhamme samodhānetvā buddhatthāya abhinīharamānopi bahujanahitāya paṭipanno nāma hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dānapāramī, sīlapāramī, nekkhammapāramī, paññāpāramī, vīriyapāramī, khantipāramī, saccapāramī, adhiṭṭhānapāramī, mettāpāramī, upekkhāpāramīti kappasatasahassādhikāni cattāri asaṅkhyeyyāni imā dasa pāramiyo pūrentopi bahujanahitāya paṭipanno.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Khantivāditāpasakāle, cūḷadhammapālakumārakāle, chaddantanāgarājakāle, bhūridattacampeyyasaṅkhapālanāgarājakāle, mahākapikāle ca tādisāni dukkarāni karontopi bahujanahitāya paṭipanno. Vessantarattabhāve ṭhatvā sattasatakamahādānaṃ datvā sattasu ṭhānesu pathaviṃ kampetvā pāramīkūṭaṃ gaṇhantopi bahujanahitāya paṭipanno. Tato anantare attabhāve tusitapure yāvatāyukaṃ tiṭṭhantopi bahujanahitāya paṭipanno.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha pañca pubbanimittāni disvā dasasahassacakkavāḷadevatāhi yācito pañca mahāvilokanāni viloketvā devānaṃ saṅgahatthāya paṭiññaṃ datvā tusitapurā <a name="M2.0245"></a> cavitvā mātukucchiyaṃ paṭisandhiṃ gaṇhantopi bahujanahitāya paṭipanno.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dasa māse mātukucchiyaṃ vasitvā lumbinīvane mātukucchito nikkhamantopi, ekūnatiṃsavassāni agāraṃ ajjhāvasitvā mahābhinikkhamanaṃ nikkhamitvā anomanadītīre pabbajantopi, chabbassāni padhānena attānaṃ kilametvā bodhipallaṅkaṃ āruyha sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ paṭivijjhantopi, sattasattāhaṃ bodhimaṇḍe yāpentopi, isipatanaṃ āgamma anuttaraṃ dhammacakkaṃ pavattentopi, yamakapāṭihāriyaṃ karontopi, devorohaṇaṃ orohantopi, buddho hutvā pañcacattālīsa vassāni tiṭṭhantopi, āyusaṅkhāraṃ ossajantopi, yamakasālānamantare anupādisesāya nibbānadhātuyā parinibbāyantopi <a name="P2.0652"></a> bahujanahitāya paṭipanno. Yāvassa sāsapamattāpi dhātuyo dharanti, tāva bahujanahitāya paṭipannoti veditabbo. Sesapadāni etasseva vevacanāni. Tattha pacchimaṃ pacchimaṃ purimassa purimassa attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Neva atītaṃse samanupassāma, na panetarahī</span>ti atītepi buddhato aññaṃ na samanupassāma, anāgatepi na samanupassāma, etarahi pana aññassa satthuno abhāvatoyeva aññatra tena bhagavatā na samanupassāmāti ayamettha attho. Aṭṭhakathāyampi hi – ‘‘atītānāgatā buddhā amhākaṃ <a name="V2.0220"></a> satthārā sadisāyeva, kiṃ sakko kathetī’’ti vicāretvā – ‘‘etarahi bahujanahitāya paṭipanno satthā amhākaṃ satthāraṃ muñcitvā añño koci natthi, tasmā na passāmāti kathetī’’ti vuttaṃ. Yathā ca ettha, evaṃ ito paresupi padesu ayamattho veditabbo. Svākkhātādīni ca kusalādīni ca vuttatthāneva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gaṅgodakaṃ yamunodakenā</span>ti gaṅgāyamunānaṃ samāgamaṭṭhāne udakaṃ vaṇṇenapi gandhenapi rasenapi saṃsandati sameti, majjhe bhinnasuvaṇṇaṃ viya ekasadisameva hoti, na mahāsamuddaudakena saṃsaṭṭhakāle viya visadisaṃ. Parisuddhassa nibbānassa paṭipadāpi parisuddhāva. Na hi daharakāle vejjakammādīni katvā agocare caritvā mahallakakāle nibbānaṃ daṭṭhuṃ sakkā, nibbānagāminī pana paṭipadā parisuddhāva vaṭṭati ākāsūpamā. Yathā hi ākāsampi alaggaṃ parisuddhaṃ candimasūriyānaṃ ākāse icchiticchitaṭṭhānaṃ gacchantānaṃ viya nibbānaṃ gacchantassa bhikkhuno paṭipadāpi kule vā gaṇe vā alaggā <a name="M2.0246"></a> abaddhā ākāsūpamā vaṭṭati. Sā panesā tādisāva bhagavatā paññattā kathitā desitā. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘saṃsandati nibbānañca paṭipadā cā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭipannāna</span>nti paṭipadāya ṭhitānaṃ. <span class="bld">Vusitavata</span>nti vutthavāsānaṃ etesaṃ. <span class="bld">Laddhasahāyo</span>ti etesaṃ tattha tattha saha ayanato sahāyo. ‘‘Adutiyo asahāyo appaṭisamo’’ti idaṃ pana asadisaṭṭhena vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Apanujjā</span>ti tesaṃ majjhepi phalasamāpattiyā viharanto cittena apanujja, apanujjeva ekārāmataṃ anuyutto viharatīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Abhinipphanno</span> <a name="P2.0653"></a> <span class="bld">kho pana tassa bhagavato lābho</span>ti tassa bhagavato mahālābho uppanno. Kadā paṭṭhāya uppanno? Abhisambodhiṃ patvā sattasattāhaṃ atikkamitvā isipatane dhammacakkaṃ pavattetvā anukkamena devamanussānaṃ damanaṃ karontassa tayo jaṭile pabbājetvā rājagahaṃ gatassa bimbisāradamanato paṭṭhāya uppanno. Yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ – ‘‘tena kho pana samayena bhagavā sakkato hoti garukato mānito pūjito apacito lābhī cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānapaccayabhesajjaparikkhārāna’’nti (saṃ. ni. 2.70). Satasahassakappādhikesu catūsu asaṅkhyeyyesu ussannapuññanissandasamuppanno lābhasakkāro mahogho viya ajjhottharamāno āgacchati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ekasmiṃ kira samaye rājagahe sāvatthiyaṃ sākete kosambiyaṃ bārāṇasiyaṃ bhagavato paṭipāṭibhattaṃ <a name="V2.0221"></a> nāma uppannaṃ, tattheko – ‘‘ahaṃ sataṃ vissajjetvā dānaṃ dassāmī’’ti paṇṇaṃ likhitvā vihāradvāre bandhi. Añño – ahaṃ dve satāni. Añño – ahaṃ pañca satāni. Añño – ahaṃ sahassaṃ. Añño – ahaṃ dve sahassāni. Añño – ahaṃ pañca. Dasa. Vīsati. Paññāsaṃ; añño – ahaṃ satasahassaṃ. Añño – ahaṃ dve satasahassāni vissajjetvā dānaṃ dassāmī’’ti paṇṇaṃ likhitvā vihāradvāre bandhi. Janapadacārikaṃ carantampi okāsaṃ labhitvā – ‘‘dānaṃ dassāmī’’ti sakaṭāni pūretvā mahājano anubandhiyeva. Yathāha – ‘‘tena kho pana samayena jānapadā manussā bahuṃ loṇampi telampi taṇḍulampi khādanīyampi sakaṭesu āropetvā bhagavato piṭṭhito piṭṭhito anubandhā honti – ‘yattha paṭipāṭiṃ <a name="M2.0247"></a> labhissāma, tattha bhattaṃ karissāmā’ti’’ (mahāva. 282). Evaṃ aññānipi khandhake ca vinaye ca bahūni vatthūni veditabbāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Asadisadāne panesa lābho matthakaṃ patto. Ekasmiṃ kira samaye bhagavati janapadacārikaṃ caritvā jetavanaṃ sampatte rājā nimantetvā dānaṃ adāsi. Dutiyadivase nāgarā adaṃsu. Puna tesaṃ dānato atirekaṃ rājā, tassa dānato atirekaṃ nāgarāti evaṃ bahūsu divasesu gatesu rājā cintesi – ‘‘ime nāgarā divase divase atirekataraṃ karonti, pathavissaro pana rājā nāgarehi dāne parājitoti garahā bhavissatī’’ti. Athassa mallikā upāyaṃ ācikkhi. So rājaṅgaṇe sālakalyāṇipadarehi maṇḍapaṃ kāretvā taṃ nīluppalehi <a name="P2.0654"></a> chādetvā pañca āsanasatāni paññāpetvā pañca hatthisatāni āsanānaṃ pacchābhāge ṭhapetvā ekekena hatthinā ekekassa bhikkhuno setacchattaṃ dhārāpesi. Dvinnaṃ dvinnaṃ āsanānaṃ antare sabbālaṅkārapaṭimaṇḍitā ekekā khattiyadhītā catujjātiyagandhaṃ pisati. Niṭṭhitaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ majjhaṭṭhāne gandhambaṇe pakkhipati, taṃ aparā khattiyadhītā nīluppalahatthakena samparivatteti. Evaṃ ekekassa bhikkhuno tisso tisso khattiyadhītaro parivārā, aparā sabbālaṅkārapaṭimaṇḍitā itthī tālavaṇṭaṃ gahetvā bījati, aññā dhamakaraṇaṃ gahetvā udakaṃ parissāveti, aññā pattato udakaṃ harati. Bhagavato cattāri anagghāni ahesuṃ. Pādakathalikā ādhārako apassenaphalakaṃ chattapādamaṇīti imāni cattāri anagghāni ahesuṃ. Saṅghanavakassa deyyadhammo satasahassaṃ agghati. Tasmiñca dāne aṅgulimālatthero saṅghanavako ahosi. Tassa āsanasamīpe ānīto hatthī taṃ upagantuṃ nāsakkhi. Tato rañño ārocesuṃ. Rājā – ‘‘añño hatthī natthī’’ti? Duṭṭhahatthī pana atthi, ānetuṃ na sakkāti. Sammāsambuddho – saṅghanavako kataro mahārājāti? Aṅgulimālatthero bhagavāti. Tena hi taṃ duṭṭhahatthiṃ ānetvā ṭhapetu, mahārājāti. Hatthiṃ maṇḍayitvā ānayiṃsu. So therassa tejena nāsāvātasañcaraṇamattampi <a name="V2.0222"></a> kātuṃ nāsakkhi. Evaṃ nirantaraṃ satta divasāni dānaṃ dīyittha. Sattame divase rājā dasabalaṃ vanditvā – ‘‘bhagavā mayhaṃ dhammaṃ desethā’’ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tassañca <a name="M2.0248"></a> parisati kāḷo ca juṇho cāti dve amaccā honti. Kāḷo cintesi – ‘‘nassati rājakulassa santakaṃ, kiṃ nāmete ettakā janā karissanti, bhuñjitvā vihāraṃ gantvā niddāyissanteva, idaṃ pana eko rājapuriso labhitvā kiṃ nāma na kareyya, aho nassati rañño santaka’’nti. Juṇho cintesi – ‘‘mahantaṃ idaṃ rājattanaṃ nāma, ko añño idaṃ kātuṃ sakkhissati? Kiṃ rājā nāma so, yo rājattane ṭhitopi evarūpaṃ dānaṃ dātuṃ na sakkotī’’ti. Bhagavā parisāya ajjhāsayaṃ olokento tesaṃ dvinnaṃ ajjhāsayaṃ viditvā – ‘‘sace ajja juṇhassa ajjhāsayena dhammakathaṃ kathemi, kāḷassa sattadhā muddhā phalissati<a name="P2.0655"></a>. Mayā kho pana sattānuddayatāya pāramiyo pūritā. Juṇho aññasmimpi divase mayi dhammaṃ kathayante maggaphalaṃ paṭivijjhissati, idāni pana kāḷaṃ olokessāmī’’ti rañño catuppadikameva gāthaṃ abhāsi –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Na ve kadariyā devalokaṃ vajanti,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Bālā have nappasaṃsanti dānaṃ;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Dhīro ca dānaṃ anumodamāno,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Teneva so hoti sukhī paratthā’’ti. (dha. pa. 177);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Rājā anattamano hutvā – ‘‘mayā mahādānaṃ dinnaṃ, satthā ca me mandameva dhammaṃ kathesi, nāsakkhiṃ maññe dasabalassa cittaṃ gahetu’’nti. So bhuttapātarāso vihāraṃ gantvā bhagavantaṃ vanditvā pucchi – ‘‘mayā, bhante, mahantaṃ dānaṃ dinnaṃ, anumodanā ca me na mahatī katā, ko nu kho me, bhante, doso’’ti? Natthi, mahārāja, tava doso, parisā pana aparisuddhā, tasmā dhammaṃ na desesinti. Kasmā pana bhagavā parisā na suddhāti? Satthā dvinnaṃ amaccānaṃ parivitakkaṃ ārocesi. Rājā kāḷaṃ pucchi – ‘‘evaṃ, tāta, kāḷā’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, mahārājā’’ti. ‘‘Mayi mama santakaṃ dadamāne tava kataraṃ ṭhānaṃ rujjati, na taṃ sakkomi passituṃ, pabbājetha naṃ mama raṭṭhato’’ti āha. Tato juṇhaṃ pakkosāpetvā pucchi – ‘‘evaṃ kira, tāta, cintesī’’ti? ‘‘Āma, mahārājā’’ti. ‘‘Tava cittānurūpameva hotū’’ti tasmiṃyeva maṇḍape evaṃ paññattesuyeva āsanesu pañca bhikkhusatāni nisīdāpetvā tāyeva khattiyadhītaro <a name="V2.0223"></a> parivārāpetvā rājagehato dhanaṃ gahetvā mayā <a name="M2.0249"></a> dinnasadisameva satta divasāni dānaṃ dehīti. So tathā adāsi. Datvā sattame divase – ‘‘dhammaṃ bhagavā desethā’’ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Satthā dvinnampi dānānaṃ anumodanaṃ ekato katvā dve mahānadiyo ekoghapuṇṇā kurumāno viya mahādhammadesanaṃ desesi. Desanāpariyosāne juṇho sotāpanno ahosi. Rājā pasīditvā dasabalassa bāhiravatthuṃ nāma adāsi. Evaṃ abhinipphanno kho pana tassa bhagavato lābhoti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Abhinipphanno</span> <a name="P2.0656"></a> <span class="bld">siloko</span>ti vaṇṇaguṇakittanaṃ. Sopi bhagavato dhammacakkappavattanato paṭṭhāya abhinipphanno. Tato paṭṭhāya hi bhagavato khattiyāpi vaṇṇaṃ kathenti. Brāhmaṇāpi gahapatayopi nāgā supaṇṇā gandhabbā devatā brahmānopi kittiṃ vatvā – ‘‘itipi so bhagavā’’tiādinā. Aññatitthiyāpi vararojassa sahassaṃ datvā samaṇassa gotamassa avaṇṇaṃ kathehīti uyyojesuṃ. So sahassaṃ gahetvā dasabalaṃ pādatalato paṭṭhāya yāva kesantā apalokayamāno likkhāmattampi vajjaṃ adisvā – ‘‘vippakiṇṇadvattiṃsamahāpurisalakkhaṇe asītianubyañjanavibhūsite byāmappabhāparikkhitte suphullitapāricchattakatārāgaṇasamujjalitaantalikkhavicittakusumasassirikanandanavanasadise anavajjaattabhāve avaṇṇaṃ vadantassa mukhampi viparivatteyya, muddhāpi sattadhā phaleyya, avaṇṇaṃ vattuṃ upāyo natthi, vaṇṇameva vadissāmī’’ti pādatalato paṭṭhāya yāva kesantā atirekapadasahassena vaṇṇameva kathesi. Yamakapāṭihāriye panesa <span class="bld">vaṇṇo</span> nāma matthakaṃ patto. Evaṃ abhinipphanno silokoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yāva maññe khattiyā</span>ti khattiyā brāhmaṇā vessā suddā nāgā supaṇṇā yakkhā asurā devā brahmānoti sabbeva te sampiyāyamānarūpā haṭṭhatuṭṭhā viharanti. <span class="bld">Vigatamado kho panā</span>ti ettakā maṃ janā sampiyāyamānarūpā viharantīti na madapamatto hutvā davādivasena āhāraṃ āhāreti, aññadatthu vigatamado kho pana so bhagavā āhāraṃ āhāreti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yathāvādī</span>ti <a name="M2.0250"></a> yaṃ vācāya vadati, tadanvayamevassa kāyakammaṃ hoti. Yañca kāyena karoti, tadanvayamevassa vacīkammaṃ hoti. Kāyo vā vācaṃ, vācā vā kāyaṃ nātikkamati, vācā kāyena, kāyo ca vācāya sameti. Yathā ca –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Vāmena <a name="V2.0224"></a> sūkaro hoti, dakkhiṇena ajāmigo;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sarena nelako hoti, visāṇena jaraggavo’’ti. –</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ayaṃ sūkarayakkho sūkare disvā sūkarasadisaṃ vāmapassaṃ dassetvā te gahetvā khādati, ajāmige disvā taṃsadisaṃ <a name="P2.0657"></a> dakkhiṇapassaṃ dassetvā te gahetvā khādati, nelakavacchake disvā vacchakaravaṃ ravanto te gahetvā khādati, goṇe disvā tesaṃ visāṇasadisāni visāṇāni māpetvā te dūratova – ‘‘goṇo viya dissatī’’ti evaṃ upagate gahetvā khādati. Yathā ca dhammikavāyasajātake sakuṇehi puṭṭho vāyaso – ‘‘ahaṃ vātabhakkho, vātabhakkhatāya mukhaṃ vivaritvā pāṇakānañca maraṇabhayena ekeneva pādena ṭhito, tasmā tumhepi –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Dhammaṃ caratha bhaddaṃ vo, dhammaṃ caratha ñātayo;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Dhammacārī sukhaṃ seti, asmiṃ loke paramhi cā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sakuṇesu vissāsaṃ uppādesi, tato –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Bhaddako vatāyaṃ pakkhī, dijo paramadhammiko;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Ekapādena tiṭṭhanto, dhammo dhammoti bhāsatī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ vissāsamāgate sakuṇe khādittha. Tena tesaṃ vācā kāyena, kāyo ca vācāya na sameti, na evaṃ bhagavato. Bhagavato pana vācā kāyena, kāyo ca vācāya sametiyevāti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tiṇṇā taritā vicikicchā assāti <span class="bld">tiṇṇavicikiccho. </span> ‘‘Kathamidaṃ kathamida’’nti evarūpā vigatā kathaṃkathā assāti <span class="bld">vigatakathaṃkatho.</span> Yathā hi mahājano – ‘‘ayaṃ rukkho, kiṃ rukkho nāma, ayaṃ gāmo, ayaṃ janapado, idaṃ raṭṭhaṃ, kiṃ raṭṭhaṃ nāma, kasmā nu kho ayaṃ rukkho ujukkhandho, ayaṃ vaṅkakkhandho, kasmā kaṇṭako koci ujuko hoti, koci vaṅko, pupphaṃ kiñci sugandhaṃ, kiñci duggandhaṃ, phalaṃ kiñci <a name="M2.0251"></a> madhuraṃ, kiñci amadhura’’nti sakaṅkhova hoti, na evaṃ satthā. Satthā hi – ‘‘imesaṃ nāma dhātūnaṃ ussannussannattā idaṃ evaṃ hotī’’ti vigatakathaṃkathova<a name="P2.0658"></a>. Yathā ca paṭhamajjhānādilābhīnaṃ dutiyajjhānādīsu kaṅkhā hoti. Paccekabuddhānampi <a name="V2.0225"></a> hi sabbaññutaññāṇe yāthāvasanniṭṭhānābhāvato vohāravasena kaṅkhā nāma hotiyeva, na evaṃ buddhassa. So hi bhagavā sabbattha vigatakathaṃkathoti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pariyositasaṅkappo</span>ti yathā keci sīlamattena, keci vipassanāmattena, keci paṭhamajjhānena…pe… keci nevasaññānāsaññāyatanasamāpattiyā, keci sotāpannabhāvamattena…pe… keci arahattena, keci sāvakapāramīñāṇena, keci paccekabodhiñāṇena pariyositasaṅkappā paripuṇṇamanorathā honti, na evaṃ mama satthā. Mama pana satthā sabbaññutaññāṇena pariyositasaṅkappoti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ajjhāsayaṃ ādibrahmacariya</span>nti karaṇatthe paccattavacanaṃ, adhikāsayena uttamanissayabhūtena ādibrahmacariyena porāṇabrahmacariyabhūtena ca ariyamaggena tiṇṇavicikiccho vigatakathaṃkatho pariyositasaṅkappoti attho. ‘‘Pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu sāmaṃ saccāni abhisambujjhi, tattha ca sabbaññutaṃ patto, balesu ca vasībhāva’’nti hi vacanato pariyositasaṅkappatāpi bhagavato ariyamaggeneva nipphannāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para297"></a><a name="para297_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">297</span>. <span class="bld">Yathariva bhagavā</span>ti yathā bhagavā, evaṃ ekasmiṃ jambudīpatale catūsu disāsu cārikaṃ caramānā aho vata cattāro jinā dhammaṃ deseyyunti paccāsisamānā vadanti. Athāpare tīsu maṇḍalesu ekato vicaraṇabhāvaṃ ākaṅkhamānā <span class="bld">tayo sammāsambuddhā</span>ti āhaṃsu. Apare – ‘‘dasa pāramiyo nāma pūretvā catunnaṃ tiṇṇaṃ vā uppatti dullabhā, sace pana eko nibaddhavāsaṃ vasanto dhammaṃ deseyya, eko cārikaṃ caranto, evampi jambudīpo sobheyya ceva, bahuñca hitasukhamadhigaccheyyā’’ti cintetvā <span class="bld">aho vata, mārisā</span>ti āhaṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para298"></a><a name="para298_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">298</span>. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhānametaṃ anavakāso ya</span>nti ettha ṭhānaṃ avakāsoti ubhayametaṃ kāraṇādhivacanameva. Kāraṇañhi tiṭṭhati <a name="P2.0659"></a> ettha tadāyattavuttitāya phalanti ṭhānaṃ. Okāso viya cassa taṃ tena vinā aññattha abhāvatoti avakāso. <span class="bld">Ya</span>nti karaṇatthe paccattaṃ. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti <a name="M2.0252"></a> – ‘‘yena kāraṇena ekissā lokadhātuyā dve buddhā ekato uppajjeyyuṃ, taṃ kāraṇaṃ natthī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yāvatā <a name="V2.0226"></a> candimasūriyā, pariharanti disā bhanti virocanā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tāva sahassadhā loko, ettha te vattate vaso’’ti. (ma. ni. 1.503) –</p>
<p class="bodytext">Gāthāya ekacakkavāḷameva ekā lokadhātu. ‘‘Sahassī lokadhātu akampitthā’’ti (a. ni. 3.126) āgataṭṭhāne cakkavāḷasahassaṃ ekā lokadhātu. ‘‘Ākaṅkhamāno, ānanda, tathāgato tisahassimahāsahassilokadhātuṃ sarena viññāpeyya, obhāsena ca phareyyā’’ti (a. ni. 3.81) āgataṭṭhāne tisahassimahāsahassī ekā lokadhātu. ‘‘Ayañca dasasahassī lokadhātū’’ti (ma. ni. 3.201) āgataṭṭhāne dasacakkavāḷasahassāni ekā lokadhātu. Taṃ sandhāya <span class="bld">ekissā lokadhātuyā</span>ti āha. Ettakañhi <span class="bld">jātikhettaṃ nāma.</span> Tatrāpi ṭhapetvā imasmiṃ cakkavāḷe jambudīpassa majjhimadesaṃ na aññatra buddhā uppajjanti jātikhettato pana paraṃ buddhānaṃ uppattiṭṭhānameva na paññāyati. <span class="bld">Yenatthenā</span>ti yena pavāraṇasaṅgahatthena.</p>
<p class="subhead">Sanaṅkumārakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para300"></a><a name="para300_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">300</span>. <span class="bld">Vaṇṇena ceva yasasā cā</span>ti alaṅkāraparivārena ca puññasiriyā cāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para301"></a><a name="para301_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">301</span>. <span class="bld">Sādhu mahābrahme</span>ti ettha sampasādane sādhusaddo. <span class="bld">Saṅkhāya modāmā</span>ti jānitvā modāma.</p>
<p class="subhead">Govindabrāhmaṇavatthuvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para304"></a><a name="para304_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">304</span>. <span class="bld">Yāva dīgharattaṃ mahāpaññova so bhagavā</span>ti ettakanti paricchinditvā na sakkā vattuṃ, atha kho yāva dīgharattaṃ aticirarattaṃ mahāpaññova so bhagavā. <span class="bld">No</span>ti kathaṃ tumhe maññathāti. Atha sayamevetaṃ pañhaṃ byākātukāmo – ‘‘anacchariyametaṃ, mārisā, yaṃ idāni pāramiyo <a name="M2.0253"></a> pūretvā bodhipallaṅke tiṇṇaṃ mārānaṃ matthakaṃ bhinditvā paṭividdhaasādhāraṇañāṇo so bhagavā mahāpañño bhaveyya, kimettha acchariyaṃ, aparipakkāya pana bodhiyā padesañāṇe <a name="P2.0660"></a> ṭhitassa sarāgādikālepi mahāpaññabhāvameva vo, mārisā, kathessāmī’’ti bhavapaṭicchannakāraṇaṃ āharitvā dassento <span class="bld">bhūtapubbaṃ bho</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Purohito</span>ti sabbakiccāni anusāsanapurohito. <span class="bld">Govindo</span>ti govindiyābhisekena abhisitto<a name="V2.0227"></a>, pakatiyā panassa aññadeva nāmaṃ, abhisittakālato paṭṭhāya ‘‘govindo’’ti saṅkhyaṃ gato. <span class="bld">Jotipālo</span>ti jotanato ca pālanato ca jotipālo. Tassa kira jātadivase sabbāvudhāni ujjotiṃsu. Rājāpi paccūsasamaye attano maṅgalāvudhaṃ pajjalitaṃ disvā bhīto aṭṭhāsi. Govindo pātova rājūpaṭṭhānaṃ gantvā sukhaseyyaṃ pucchi rājā – ‘‘kuto me ācariya, sukhaseyyā’’ti vatvā taṃ kāraṇaṃ ārocesi. Mā bhāyi, mahārāja, mayhaṃ putto jāto, tassānubhāvena sakalanagare āvudhāni pajjaliṃsūti. Rājā – ‘‘kiṃ nu kho me kumāro paccatthiko bhaveyyā’’ti cintetvā suṭṭhutaraṃ bhāyi. ‘‘Kiṃ vitakkesi mahārājā’’ti ca puṭṭho tamatthaṃ ārocesi. Atha naṃ govindo ‘‘mā bhāyi mahārāja, neso kumāro tumhākaṃ dubbhissati, sakalajambudīpe pana tena samo paññāya na bhavissati, mama puttassa vacanena mahājanassa kaṅkhā chijjissati, tumhākañca sabbakiccāni anusāsissatī’’ti samassāseti. Rājā tuṭṭho – ‘‘kumārassa khīramūlaṃ hotū’’ti sahassaṃ datvā ‘‘kumāraṃ mahallakakāle mama dassethā’’ti āha. Kumāro anupubbena vuḍḍhimanuppatto. Jotitattā panassa pālanasamatthatāya ca jotipālotveva nāmaṃ akaṃsu. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘jotanato ca pālanato ca jotipālo’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sammā vossajjitvā</span>ti sammā vossajjitvā. Ayameva vā pāṭho. <span class="bld">Alamatthadasataro</span>ti samattho paṭibalo atthadaso alamatthadaso, taṃ alamatthadasaṃ tiretīti alamatthadasataro. <span class="bld">Jotipālasseva māṇavassa anusāsaniyā</span>ti sopi jotipālaṃyeva pucchitvā anusāsatīti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para305"></a><a name="para305_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">305</span>. <span class="bld">Bhavamatthu</span> <a name="M2.0254"></a> <span class="bld">bhavantaṃ jotipāla</span>nti bhoto jotipālassa bhavo vuddhi visesādhigamo sabbakalyāṇañceva maṅgalañca hotūti attho. <span class="bld">Sammodanīyaṃ katha</span>nti? ‘‘Alaṃ, mahārāja, mā cintayi, dhuvadhammo esa sabbasattāna’’ntiādinā nayena maraṇappaṭisaṃyuttaṃ sokavinodanapaṭisanthārakathaṃ pariyosāpetvā. <span class="bld">Mā no bhavaṃ jotipālo anusāsaniyā</span> <a name="P2.0661"></a> <span class="bld">paccabyāhāsī</span>ti mā paṭibyākāsi, ‘‘anusāsā’’ti vutto – ‘‘nāhaṃ anusāsāmī’’ti no mā anusāsaniyā paccakkhāsīti attho. <span class="bld">Abhisambhosī</span>ti saṃvidahitvā paṭṭhapesi. <span class="bld">Manussā evamāhaṃsū</span>ti taṃ pitarā mahāpaññataraṃ sabbakiccāni anusāsantaṃ sabbakamme abhisambhavantaṃ disvā tuṭṭhacittā <span class="bld">govindo vata, bho, brāhmaṇo, mahāgovindo vata, bho, brāhmaṇo</span>ti evamāhaṃsu. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti, ‘‘govindo vata, bho, brāhmaṇo ahosi etassa pitā; ayaṃ pana mahāgovindo vata, bho, brāhmaṇo’’ti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Rajjasaṃvibhajanavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para306"></a><a name="para306_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">306</span>. <span class="bld">Yena</span> <a name="V2.0228"></a> <span class="bld">te cha khattiyā</span>ti ye te ‘‘sahāyā’’ti vuttā cha khattiyā, te kira reṇussa ekapitikā kaniṭṭhabhātaro, tasmā mahāgovindo ‘‘ayaṃ abhisitto etesaṃ rajjasaṃvibhāgaṃ kareyya vā na vā, yaṃnūnāhaṃ te paṭikacceva reṇussa santikaṃ pesetvā paṭiññaṃ gaṇhāpeyya’’nti cintento yena te cha khattiyā tenupasaṅkami. <span class="bld">Rājakattāro</span>ti rājakārakā amaccā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para307"></a><a name="para307_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">307</span>. <span class="bld">Madanīyā kāmā</span>ti madakarā pamādakarā kāmā. Gacchante gacchante kāle esa anussaritumpi na sakkuṇeyya, tasmā āyantu bhonto āgacchantūti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para308"></a><a name="para308_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">308</span>. <span class="bld">Sarāmahaṃ bho</span>ti tadā kira manussānaṃ saccavādikālo hoti, tasmā ‘‘kadā mayā vuttaṃ, kena diṭṭhaṃ, kena suta’’nti abhūtaṃ avatvā ‘‘sarāmahaṃ bho’’ti āha. <span class="bld">Sammodanīyaṃ katha</span>nti kiṃ mahārāja devattaṃ gate raññe mā cintayittha, dhuvadhammo esa sabbasattānaṃ, evaṃbhāvino saṅkhārāti evarūpaṃ paṭisanthārakathaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbāni sakaṭamukhāni paṭṭhapesī</span>ti sabbāni cha <a name="M2.0255"></a> rajjāni sakaṭamukhāni paṭṭhapesi. Ekekassa rañño rajjaṃ tiyojanasataṃ hoti, reṇussa rañño rajjosaraṇapadeso dasagāvutaṃ, majjhe pana reṇussa rajjaṃ vitānasadisaṃ ahosi. Kasmā evaṃ paṭṭhapesīti? Kālena kālaṃ rājānaṃ passituṃ āgacchantā aññassa rajjaṃ apīḷetvā attano attano rajjapadeseneva āgamissanti ceva gamissanti ca. Pararajjaṃ otiṇṇassa hi – ‘‘bhattaṃ detha, goṇaṃ dethā’’ti vadato manussā ujjhāyanti – ‘‘ime rājāno attano attano vijitena na gacchanti, amhākaṃ pīḷaṃ <a name="P2.0662"></a> karontī’’ti. Attano vijitena gacchantassa ‘‘amhākaṃ santikā iminā idañcidañca laddhabbamevā’’ti manussā pīḷaṃ na maññanti. Imamatthaṃ cintayitvā mahāgovindo ‘‘sammodamānā rājāno ciraṃ rajjamanusāsantū’’ti evaṃ paṭṭhapesi.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Dantapuraṃ kaliṅgānaṃ, assakānañca potanaṃ;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Māhissati avantīnaṃ, sovīrānañca rodukaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha3">Mithilā ca videhānaṃ, campā aṅgesu māpitā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Bārāṇasī ca kāsīnaṃ, ete govindamāpitā’’ti. –</p>
<p class="bodytext">Etāni <a name="V2.0229"></a> satta nagarāni mahāgovindeneva tesaṃ rājūnaṃ atthāya māpitāni.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Sattabhū brahmadatto ca, vessabhū bharato saha;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Reṇu dve ca dhataraṭṭhā, tadāsuṃ satta bhāradhā’’ti. –</p>
<p class="bodytext">Imāni tesaṃ sattannampi nāmāni. Tesu hi eko sattabhū nāma ahosi, eko brahmadatto nāma, eko vessabhū nāma, eko teneva saha bharato nāma, eko reṇu nāma, dve pana dhataraṭṭhāti ime satta jambudīpatale bhāradhā mahārājāno ahesunti.</p>
<p class="centered">Paṭhamabhāṇavāravaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Kittisaddaabbhuggamanavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para311"></a><a name="para311_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">311</span>. <span class="bld">Upasaṅkamiṃsū</span>ti <a name="M2.0256"></a> ‘‘amhākaṃ ayaṃ issariyasampatti na aññassānubhāvena, mahāgovindassānubhāvena nipphannā. Mahāgovindo amhe satta rājāno samagge katvā jambudīpatale patiṭṭhāpesi, pubbūpakārissa pana na sukarā paṭikiriyā kātuṃ. Amhe sattapi jane esoyeva anusāsatu, etaṃyeva senāpatiñca purohitañca karoma, evaṃ no vuddhi bhavissatī’’ti cintetvā upasaṅkamiṃsu. Mahāgovindopi – ‘‘mayā ete samaggā katā, sace etesaṃ añño senāpati purohito ca bhavissati, tato attano attano senāpatipurohitānaṃ vacanaṃ gahetvā aññamaññaṃ bhindissanti, adhivāsemi nesaṃ senāpatiṭṭhānañca purohitaṭṭhānañcā’’ti cintetvā ‘‘evaṃ bho’’ti paccassosi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Satta ca brāhmaṇamahāsāle</span>ti ‘‘ahaṃ sabbaṭṭhānesu sammukho bhaveyyaṃ vā na vā, yatthāhaṃ sammukho na bhavissāmi, tattheva te kattabbaṃ karissantī’’ti satta <a name="P2.0663"></a> anupurohite ṭhapesi. Te sandhāya idaṃ vuttaṃ – ‘‘satta ca brāhmaṇamahāsāle’’ti. Divasassa dvikkhattuṃ vā sāyaṃ pāto vā nahāyantīti <span class="bld">nahātakā.</span> Vatacariyapariyosāne vā nahātā, tato paṭṭhāya brāhmaṇehi saddhiṃ na khādanti na pivantīti nahātakā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para312"></a><a name="para312_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">312</span>. <span class="bld">Abbhuggacchī</span>ti <a name="V2.0230"></a> abhiuggacchi. Tadā kira manussānaṃ ‘‘na brahmunā saddhiṃ amantetvā sakkā evaṃ sakalajambudīpaṃ anusāsitu’’nti nisinnanisinnaṭṭhāne ayameva kathā pavattittha. <span class="bld">Na kho panāha</span>nti mahāpuriso kira – ‘‘ayaṃ mayhaṃ abhūto vaṇṇo uppanno, vaṇṇuppatti kho pana na bhāriyā, uppannassa vaṇṇassa rakkhanameva bhāriyaṃ, ayañca me acintetvā amantetvā karontasseva vaṇṇo uppannova, cintetvā mantetvā karontassa pana vitthārikataro bhavissatī’’ti brahmadassane upāyaṃ pariyesanto taṃ disvā <span class="bld">sutaṃ kho pana meta</span>ntiādiatthaṃ parivitakkesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para313"></a><a name="para313_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">313</span>. <span class="bld">Yena</span> <a name="M2.0257"></a> <span class="bld">reṇu rājā tenupasaṅkamī</span>ti evaṃ me antarā daṭṭhukāmo vā sallapitukāmo vā na bhavissati, yato chinnapalibodho sukhaṃ viharissāmīti palibodhupacchedanatthaṃ upasaṅkami, esa nayo sabbattha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para316"></a><a name="para316_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">316</span>. <span class="bld">Sādisiyo</span>ti samavaṇṇā samajātikā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para317"></a><a name="para317_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">317</span>. <span class="bld">Navaṃ sandhāgāraṃ kāretvā</span>ti rattiṭṭhānadivāṭṭhānacaṅkamanasampannaṃ vassike cattāro māse vasanakkhamaṃ bahi naḷaparikkhittaṃ vicittaṃ āvasathaṃ kāretvā. <span class="bld">Karuṇaṃ jhānaṃ jhāyī</span>ti karuṇāya tikacatukkajjhānaṃ jhāyi, karuṇāmukhena panettha avasesāpi tayo brahmavihārā gahitāva. <span class="bld">Ukkaṇṭhanā paritassanā</span>ti jhānabhūmiyaṃ ṭhitassa anabhiratiukkaṇṭhanā vā bhayaparitassanā vā natthi, brahmuno pana āgamanapatthanā āgamanataṇhā ahūti attho.</p>
<p class="subhead">Brahmunāsākacchāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para318"></a><a name="para318_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">318</span>. <span class="bld">Bhaya</span>nti cittutrāsabhayameva. <span class="bld">Ajānantā</span>ti ajānamānā. <span class="bld">Kathaṃ jānemu taṃ maya</span>nti (dī. ni. 2.179) mayaṃ kinti taṃ jānāma, ayaṃ katthavāsiko, kinnāmo, kiṃ gottotiādīnaṃ ākārānaṃ kena ākārena taṃ dhārayāmāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Maṃ ve kumāraṃ jānantī</span>ti maṃ ‘‘kumāro’’ti ‘‘daharo’’ti jānanti. <span class="bld">Brahmaloke</span>ti seṭṭhaloke. <span class="bld">Sanantana</span>nti ciratanaṃ porāṇakaṃ<a name="P2.0664"></a>. Ahaṃ so porāṇakumāro sanaṅkumāro nāma brahmāti dasseti. <span class="bld">Evaṃ govinda jānāhī</span>ti govinda paṇḍita, tvaṃ evaṃ jānāhi, evaṃ maṃ dhārehi.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Āsanaṃ <a name="V2.0231"></a> udakaṃ pajjaṃ, madhusākañca brahmuno;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Agghe bhavantaṃ pucchāma, agghaṃ kurutu no bhava’’nti. –</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha <span class="bld">aggha</span>nti atithino upanāmetabbaṃ vuccati. Teneva idamāsanaṃ paññattaṃ, ettha nisīdatha, idaṃ udakaṃ parisuddhaṃ, ito pānīyaṃ pivatha, pāde dhovatha, idaṃ pajjaṃ pādānaṃ hitatthāya abhisaṅkhataṃ telaṃ, ito pāde makkhetha, idaṃ madhusākanti. Bodhisattassa brahmacariyaṃ na aññesaṃ brahmacariyasadisaṃ hoti, na so ‘‘idaṃ sve, idaṃ tatiyadivase bhavissatī’’ti sannidhiṃ <a name="M2.0258"></a> nāma karoti. Madhusākaṃ pana aloṇaṃ adhūpanaṃ atakkaṃ udakena seditasākaṃ, taṃ sandhāyesa – ‘‘idaṃ paribhuñjathā’’ti vadanto ‘‘agghe bhavantaṃ pucchāmā’’tiādimāha. Ime sabbepi agghā brahmuno atthi. Te <span class="bld">agghe bhavantaṃ pucchāma.</span> Evaṃ pucchantānañca <span class="bld">agghaṃ kurutu no bhavaṃ,</span> paṭiggaṇhātu no bhavaṃ idamagghanti vuttaṃ hoti. Kiṃ panesa – ‘‘ito ekampi brahmā na bhuñjatī’’ti idaṃ na jānātīti. No na jānāti, jānantopi attano santike āgato atithi pucchitabboti vattasīsena pucchati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha kho brahmā – ‘‘kiṃ nu kho paṇḍito mama paribhogakaraṇābhāvaṃ ñatvā pucchati, udāhu kohaññe ṭhatvā pucchatī’’ti samannāharanto ‘‘vattasīse ṭhito pucchatī’’ti ñatvā paṭiggaṇhituṃ dāni me vaṭṭatīti <span class="bld">paṭiggaṇhāma te agghaṃ, yaṃ tvaṃ govinda bhāsasī</span>ti āha. Yaṃ tvaṃ govinda bhāsasi – ‘‘idamāsanaṃ paññattaṃ, ettha nisīdathā’’tiādi, tatra te mayaṃ āsane nisinnā nāma homa, pānīyaṃ pītā nāma homa, pādāpi me dhotā nāma hontu, telenapi makkhitā nāma hontu, udakasākampi paribhuttaṃ nāma hotu, tayā dinnaṃ adhivāsitakālato paṭṭhāya yaṃ yaṃ tvaṃ bhāsasi, taṃ taṃ mayā paṭiggahitameva hoti. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘paṭiggaṇhāma te agghaṃ, yaṃ tvaṃ govinda bhāsasī’’ti. Evaṃ pana agghaṃ paṭiggaṇhitvā pañhassa okāsaṃ karonto <span class="bld">diṭṭhadhammahitatthāyā</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kaṅkhī</span> <a name="P2.0665"></a> <span class="bld">akaṅkhiṃ paravediyesū</span>ti ahaṃ savicikiccho bhavantaṃ parena sayaṃ abhisaṅkhatattā parassa pākaṭesu paravediyesu pañhesu nibbicikicchaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Hitvā mamatta</span>nti idaṃ mama, idaṃ mamāti upakaraṇataṇhaṃ cajitvā. <span class="bld">Manujesū</span>ti sattesu, manujesu yo koci manujo mamattaṃ hitvāti attho. <span class="bld">Ekodibhūto</span>ti ekībhūto, eko tiṭṭhanto eko nisīdantoti. Vacanattho panettha eko udeti pavattatīti ekodi, tādiso bhūtoti ekodibhūto<a name="V2.0232"></a>. <span class="bld">Karuṇedhimutto</span>ti karuṇājhāne adhimutto, taṃ jhānaṃ nibbattetvāti attho. <span class="bld">Nirāmagandho</span>ti vissagandhavirahito. <span class="bld">Ettha ṭhito</span>ti etesu dhammesu ṭhito. <span class="bld">Ettha ca sikkhamāno</span>ti <a name="M2.0259"></a> etesu dhammesu sikkhamāno. Ayamettha saṅkhepo, vitthāro pana upari mahāgovindena ca brahmunā ca vuttoyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para320"></a><a name="para320_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">320</span>. Tattha <span class="bld">ete avidvā</span>ti ete āmagandhe ahaṃ avidvā, na jānāmīti attho. <span class="bld">Idha brūhi dhīrā</span>ti te me tvaṃ idha dhīra paṇḍita, brūhi, vada. <span class="bld">Kenāvaṭā vāti pajā kurutū</span>ti katamena kilesāvaraṇena āvaritā pajā pūtikā vāyati. <span class="bld">Āpāyikā</span>ti apāyūpagā. <span class="bld">Nivutabrahmalokā</span>ti nivuto pihito brahmaloko assāti nivutabrahmaloko. Katamena kilesena pajāya brahmalokūpago maggo nivuto pihito paṭicchannoti pucchati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kodho mosavajjaṃ nikati ca dubbho</span>ti kujjhanalakkhaṇo kodho ca, paravisaṃvādanalakkhaṇo musāvādo ca, sadisaṃ dassetvā vañcanalakkhaṇā nikati ca, mittadubbhanalakkhaṇo dubbho ca. <span class="bld">Kadariyatā atimāno usūyā</span>ti thaddhamacchariyalakkhaṇā kadariyatā ca, atikkamitvā maññanalakkhaṇo atimāno ca, parasampattikhīyanalakkhaṇā <span class="bld">usūyā ca. Icchā vivicchā paraheṭhanā cā</span>ti taṇhālakkhaṇā icchā ca, macchariyalakkhaṇā vivicchā ca, vihiṃsālakkhaṇā paraheṭhanā ca. <span class="bld">Lobho ca doso ca mado ca moho</span>ti yattha katthaci lubbhanalakkhaṇo lobho ca, dussanalakkhaṇo doso ca, majjanalakkhaṇo mado ca, muyhanalakkhaṇo moho ca. <span class="bld">Etesu yuttā anirāmagandhā</span>ti etesu cuddasasu kilesesu yuttā pajā nirāmagandhā na hoti, āmagandhā sakuṇapagandhā <a name="P2.0666"></a> pūtigandhāyevāti vadati. <span class="bld">Āpāyikā nivutabrahmalokā</span>ti esā pana āpāyikā ceva hoti, paṭicchannabrahmalokamaggā cāti. Idaṃ pana suttaṃ kathentena <span class="bld">āmagandhasuttena</span> dīpetvā kathetabbaṃ, āmagandhasuttampi iminā dīpetvā kathetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Te na sunimmadayā</span>ti te āmagandhā sunimmadayā sukhena nimmadetabbā pahātabbā na honti, duppajahā dujjayāti attho. <span class="bld">Yassa dāni bhavaṃ govindo kālaṃ maññatī</span>ti ‘‘yassā pabbajjāya bhavaṃ govindo kālaṃ maññati, ayameva hotu, evaṃ sati mayhampi tava santike āgamanaṃ svāgamanaṃ bhavissati, kathitadhammakathā sukathitā bhavissati, tvaṃ tāta sakalajambudīpe <a name="M2.0260"></a> aggapuriso daharo paṭhamavaye ṭhito, evaṃ mahantaṃ nāma sampattisirivilāsaṃ pahāya tava pabbajanaṃ nāma gandhahatthino ayabandhanaṃ chinditvā gamanaṃ viya atiuḷāraṃ, buddhatanti nāmesā’’ti mahāpurisassa daḷhīkammaṃ katvā brahmā sanaṅkumāro brahmalokameva gato.</p>
<p class="subhead">Reṇurājaāmantanāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para321"></a><a name="para321_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">321</span>. Mahāpurisopi <a name="V2.0233"></a> ‘‘mama itova nikkhamitvā pabbajanaṃ nāma na yuttaṃ, ahaṃ rājakulassa atthaṃ anusāsāmi, tasmā rañño ārocessāmi. Sace sopi pabbajissati, sundarameva. No ce pabbajissati, purohitaṭṭhānaṃ niyyātetvā ahaṃ pabbajissāmī’’ti cintetvā rājānaṃ upasaṅkami, tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘atha kho bho mahāgovindo,…pe… nāhaṃ porohacce rame’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">tvaṃ pajānassu rajjenā</span>ti tava rajjena tvameva jānāhi. <span class="bld">Nāhaṃ porohicce rame</span>ti ahaṃ purohitabhāve na ramāmi, ukkaṇṭhitosmi, aññaṃ anusāsakaṃ jānāhi, nāhaṃ porohicce rameti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha rājā – ‘‘dhuvaṃ cattāro māse paṭisallīnassa brāhmaṇassa gehe bhogā mandā jātā’’ti cintetvā dhanena nimantento – ‘‘sace te ūnaṃ kāmehi. Ahaṃ paripūrayāmi te’’ti vatvā puna – ‘‘kinnu kho esa ekako viharanto kenaci vihiṃsito bhaveyyā’’ti cintetvā,</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yo taṃ hiṃsati vāremi, bhūmisenāpati ahaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tuvaṃ pitā ahaṃ putto, mā no govinda pājahī’’ti. –</p>
<p class="bodytext">Āha<a name="P2.0667"></a>. Tassattho – yo taṃ hiṃsati, taṃ vāremi, kevalaṃ tumhe ‘‘asuko’’ti ācikkhatha, ahamettha kattabbaṃ jānissāmīti. <span class="bld">Bhūmisenāpati aha</span>nti atha vā ahaṃ pathaviyā sāmī, svāhaṃ imaṃ rajjaṃ tumheyeva paṭicchāpessāmi. <span class="bld">Tuvaṃ pitā ahaṃ putto</span>ti tvaṃ pitiṭṭhāne ṭhassasi, ahaṃ puttaṭṭhāne. So tvaṃ mama manaṃ haritvā attanoyeva manaṃ govinda, pājehi; yathā icchasi tathā pavattassu. Ahaṃ pana tava manaṃyeva anuvattanto tayā dinnapiṇḍaṃ paribhuñjanto taṃ asicammahattho vā upaṭṭhahissāmi, rathaṃ vā te pājessāmi. ‘‘Mā no govinda, pajahī’’ti vā pāṭho<a name="M2.0261"></a>. Tassattho – tvaṃ pitiṭṭhāne tiṭṭha, ahaṃ puttaṭṭhāne ṭhassāmi. Mā no tvaṃ bho govinda, pajahi, mā pariccajīti. Atha mahāpuriso yaṃ rājā cintesi, tassa attani abhāvaṃ dassento –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Na <a name="V2.0234"></a> matthi ūnaṃ kāmehi, hiṃsitā me na vijjati;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Amanussavaco sutvā, tasmāhaṃ na gahe rame’’ti. –</p>
<p class="bodytext">Āha. Tattha <span class="bld">na matthī</span>ti na me atthi. <span class="bld">Gahe</span>ti gehe. Atha naṃ rājā pucchi –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Amanusso kathaṃ vaṇṇo, kiṃ te atthaṃ abhāsatha;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Yañca sutvā jahāsi no, gehe amhe ca kevalī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">jahāsi no, gehe amhe ca kevalī</span>ti brāhmaṇassa sampattibharite gehe saṅgahavasena attano gehe karonto yaṃ sutvā amhākaṃ gehe ca amhe ca kevalī sabbe aparisese jambudīpavāsino jahāsīti vadati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Athassa ācikkhanto mahāpuriso <span class="bld">upavutthassa me pubbe</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">upavutthassā</span>ti cattāro māse ekībhāvaṃ upagantvā vutthassa. <span class="bld">Yiṭṭhakāmassa me sato</span>ti yajitukāmassa me <a name="P2.0668"></a> samānassa. <span class="bld">Aggi pajjalito āsi, kusapattaparitthato</span>ti kusapattehi paritthato sappidadhimadhuādīni pakkhipitvā aggi jalayitumāraddho āsi, evaṃ aggiṃ jāletvā ‘‘mahājanassa dānaṃ dassāmī’’ti evaṃ cintetvā ṭhitassa mamāti ayamettha attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sanantano</span>ti sanaṅkumāro brahmā. Tato rājā sayampi pabbajitukāmo hutvā <span class="bld">saddahāmī</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">kathaṃ vattetha aññathā</span>ti kathaṃ tumhe aññathā vattissatha. <span class="bld">Te taṃ anuvattissāmā</span>ti te mayampi tumheyeva anuvattissāma, anupabbajissāmāti attho. ‘‘Anuvajissāmā’’tipi pāṭho, tassa anugacchissāmāti attho. <span class="bld">Akāco</span>ti nikkāco akakkaso. <span class="bld">Govindassānusāsane</span>ti tava govindassa sāsane. Bhavantaṃ govindameva satthāraṃ karitvā carissāmāti vadati.</p>
<p class="subhead">Cha khattiyaāmantanāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para322"></a><a name="para322_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">322</span>. <span class="bld">Yena</span> <a name="M2.0262"></a> <span class="bld">te cha khattiyā tenupasaṅkamī</span>ti reṇuṃ rājānaṃ ‘‘sādhu mahārāja rajjaṃ nāma mātaraṃ pitaraṃ bhātibhaginīādayopi māretvā gaṇhantesu sattesu evaṃ mahantaṃ rajjasiriṃ pahāya pabbajitukāmena uḷāraṃ mahārājena kata’’nti upatthambhetvā daḷhataramassa ussāhaṃ katvā upasaṅkami<a name="V2.0235"></a>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ samacintesu</span>nti rañño cintitanayeneva kadāci brāhmaṇassa bhogā parihīnā bhaveyyunti maññamānā samacintesuṃ. <span class="bld">Dhanena sikkheyyāmā</span>ti upalāpeyyāma saṅgaṇheyyāma. <span class="bld">Tāvatakaṃ āharīyata</span>nti tāvatakaṃ āharāpiyatu gaṇhiyatu, yattakaṃ icchatha, tattakaṃ gaṇhathāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Bhavantānaṃyeva vāhasā</span>ti bhavante paccayaṃ katvā, tumhehi dinnattāyeva pahūtaṃ sāpateyyaṃ jātaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para323"></a><a name="para323_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">323</span>. <span class="bld">Sace jahatha kāmānī</span>ti sace vatthukāme ca kilesakāme ca pariccajatha. <span class="bld">Yattha satto puthujjano</span>ti yesu kāmesu puthujjano satto laggo laggito. <span class="bld">Ārambhavho daḷhā hothā</span>ti evaṃ sante vīriyaṃ ārabhatha, asithilaparakkamataṃ adhiṭṭhāya daḷhā bhavatha. <span class="bld">Khantībalasamāhitā</span>ti khantibalena samannāgatā bhavathāti rājūnaṃ ussāhaṃ janeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Esa maggo ujumaggo</span>ti esa karuṇājhānamaggo ujumaggo nāma. <span class="bld">Esa maggo anuttaro</span>ti eseva <a name="P2.0669"></a> brahmalokūpapattiyā asadisamaggo uttamamaggo nāma. <span class="bld">Saddhammo sabbhi rakkhito</span>ti eso eva ca buddhapaccekabuddhasāvakehi sabbhirakkhitadhammo nāma. Iti karuṇājhānassa vaṇṇabhaṇanenāpi tesaṃ anivattanatthāya daḷhīkammameva karoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ko nu kho pana bho jānāti jīvitāna</span>nti bho jīvitaṃ nāma udakapupphuḷūpamaṃ tiṇagge ussāvabindūpamaṃ taṅkhaṇaviddhaṃsanadhammaṃ, tassa ko gatiṃ jānāti, kismiṃ khaṇe bhijjissati? <span class="bld">Gamanīyo samparāyo</span>ti paraloko pana avassaṃ gantabbova, tattha paṇḍitena kulaputtena <span class="bld">mantāyaṃ boddhabbaṃ.</span> Mantā vuccati paññā, tāya mantetabbaṃ bujjhitabbaṃ, upaparikkhitabbañca jānitabbañcāti attho. Karaṇatthe vā bhummaṃ. <span class="bld">Mantāyaṃ boddhabba</span>nti mantāya bujjhitabbaṃ, ñāṇena jānitabbanti attho. Kiṃ bujjhitabbaṃ? Jīvitassa dujjānatā, samparāyassa <a name="M2.0263"></a> ca avassaṃ gamanīyatā, bujjhitvā ca pana sabbapalibodhe chinditvā <span class="bld">kattabbaṃ kusalaṃ caritabbaṃ brahmacariyaṃ.</span> Kasmā? Yasmā natthi jātassa amaraṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Brāhmaṇamahāsālādīnaṃ āmantanāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para324"></a><a name="para324_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">324</span>. <span class="bld">Appesakkhā ca appalābhā cā</span>ti bho pabbajjā nāma appayasā ceva, pabbajitakālato paṭṭhāya hi rajjaṃ pahāya pabbajitaṃ viheṭhetvā viheṭhetvā lāmakaṃ anāthaṃ katvāva kathenti. Appalābhā ca, sakalagāmaṃ caritvāpi ajjhoharaṇīyaṃ dullabhameva. Idaṃ pana <span class="bld">brahmaññaṃ</span> <a name="V2.0236"></a> <span class="bld">mahesakkhañca</span> mahāyasattā, <span class="bld">mahālābhañca</span> lābhasakkārasampannattā. Bhavañhi etarahi sakalajambudīpe aggapurohito sabbattha aggāsanaṃ aggodakaṃ aggabhattaṃ aggagandhaṃ aggamālaṃ labhatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rājāva rañña</span>nti ahañhi bho etarahi pakatiraññaṃ majjhe cakkavattirājā viya. <span class="bld">Brahmāva brahmāna</span>nti pakatibrahmānaṃ majjhe mahābrahmasadiso. <span class="bld">Devatāva gahapatikāna</span>nti avasesagahapatikānaṃ panamhi sakkadevarājasadiso.</p>
<p class="subhead">Bhariyānaṃ āmantanāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para325"></a><a name="para325_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">325</span>. <span class="bld">Cattārīsā bhariyā sādisiyo</span>ti sādisiyova cattārīsā bhariyā, aññā panassa tīsu vayesu nāṭakitthiyo bahukāyeva.</p>
<p class="subhead">Mahāgovindapabbajjāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para326"></a><a name="para326_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">326</span>. <span class="bld">Cārikaṃ caratī</span>ti gāmanigamapaṭipāṭiyā cārikaṃ carati, gatagataṭṭhāne <a name="P2.0670"></a> <span class="bld">buddhakolāhalaṃ</span> viya hoti. Manussā ‘‘mahāgovindapaṇḍito kira āgacchatī’’ti sutvā puretarameva maṇḍapaṃ kāretvā maggaṃ alaṅkaritvā paccuggantvā gaṇhitvā enti, mahālābhasakkāro mahogho viya ajjhottharanto uppajji. <span class="bld">Sattapurohitassā</span>ti sattannaṃ rājūnaṃ purohitassa. Iti yathā etarahi evarūpesu vā ṭhānesu kismiñcideva dukkhe uppanne ‘‘namo buddhassā’’ti vadanti, evaṃ tadā ‘‘namatthu mahāgovindassa brāhmaṇassa, namatthu sattapurohitassā’’ti vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para327"></a><a name="para327_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">327</span>. <span class="bld">Mettāsahagatenā</span>tiādinā <a name="M2.0264"></a> nayena pāḷiyaṃ brahmavihārāva āgatā, mahāpuriso pana sabbāpi aṭṭha samāpattiyo ca pañca ca abhiññāyo nibbattesi. <span class="bld">Sāvakānañca brahmalokasahabyatāya maggaṃ desesī</span>ti brahmaloke brahmunā sahabhāvāya maggaṃ kathesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para328"></a><a name="para328_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">328</span>. <span class="bld">Sabbenasabba</span>nti ye aṭṭha ca samāpattiyo pañca ca abhiññāyo nibbattesuṃ. <span class="bld">Ye na sabbena sabbaṃ sāsanaṃ ājāniṃsū</span>ti ye aṭṭhasu samāpattīsu ekasamāpattimpi na jāniṃsu, na sakkhiṃsu nibbattetuṃ. <span class="bld">Amoghā</span>ti savipākā. <span class="bld">Avañjhā</span>ti na vañjhā. Sabbanihīnaṃ pasavanti gandhabbakāyaṃ <a name="V2.0237"></a> pasavi. <span class="bld">Saphalā</span>ti avasesadevalokūpapattīhi sātthā. <span class="bld">Saudrayā</span>ti brahmalokūpapattiyā savuḍḍhi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para329"></a><a name="para329_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">329</span>. <span class="bld">Sarāmaha</span>nti sarāmi ahaṃ pañcasikha, iminā kira padena ayaṃ suttanto buddhabhāsito nāma jāto. <span class="bld">Na nibbidāyā</span>ti na vaṭṭe nibbindanatthāya. <span class="bld">Na virāgāyā</span>ti na vaṭṭe virāgatthāya. <span class="bld">Na nirodhāyā</span>ti na vaṭṭassa nirodhatthāya. <span class="bld">Na upasamāyā</span>ti na vaṭṭassa upasamanatthāya. <span class="bld">Na abhiññāyā</span>ti na vaṭṭaṃ abhijānanatthāya. <span class="bld">Na sambodhāyā</span>ti na kilesaniddāvigamena vaṭṭato pabujjhanatthāya. <span class="bld">Na nibbānāyā</span>ti na amatanibbānatthāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekantanibbidāyā</span>ti ekantameva vaṭṭe nibbindanatthāya. Ettha pana <span class="bld">nibbidāyā</span>ti vipassanā. <span class="bld">Virāgāyā</span>ti maggo. <span class="bld">Nirodhāya upasamāyā</span>ti nibbānaṃ. <span class="bld">Abhiññāya sambodhāyā</span>ti maggo. <span class="bld">Nibbānāyā</span>ti nibbānameva. Evaṃ ekasmiṃ ṭhāne vipassanā, tīsu maggo, tīsu nibbānaṃ vuttanti evaṃ vavatthānakathā veditabbā. Pariyāyena pana sabbānipetāni <a name="P2.0671"></a> maggavevacanānipi nibbānavevacanānipi hontiyeva. <span class="bld">Sammādiṭṭhi</span>ādīsu yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ visuddhimagge saccavaṇṇanāyaṃ vuttameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para330"></a><a name="para330_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">330</span>. <span class="bld">Ye na sabbenasabba</span>nti ye cattāropi ariyamagge paripūretuṃ na jānanti, tīṇi vā dve vā ekaṃ vā nibbattenti. <span class="bld">Sabbesaṃyeva imesaṃ kulaputtāna</span>nti brahmacariyaciṇṇakulaputtānaṃ. <span class="bld">Amoghā…pe… saphalā saudrayā</span>ti arahattanikūṭena desanaṃ niṭṭhāpesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhagavantaṃ</span> <a name="M2.0265"></a> <span class="bld">abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā</span>ti (dī. ni. 2.188) bhagavato dhammadesanaṃ cittena sampaṭicchanto abhinanditvā vācāya pasaṃsamāno anumoditvā mahantaṃ añjaliṃ sirasmiṃ patiṭṭhapetvā pasannalākhārase nimujjamāno viya dasabalassa chabbaṇṇarasmijālantaraṃ pavisitvā catūsu ṭhānesu vanditvā tikkhattuṃ padakkhiṇaṃ katvā bhagavantaṃ abhitthavanto abhitthavanto satthu purato antaradhāyitvā attano devalokameva agamāsīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti sumaṅgalavilāsiniyā dīghanikāyaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</p>
<p class="centered">Mahāgovindasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter"><a name="dn2_7"></a>7. Mahāsamayasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">Nidānavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para331"></a><a name="para331_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">331</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V2.0238"></a><a name="P2.0672"></a><a name="M2.0266"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti mahāsamayasuttaṃ. Tatrāyamapubbapadavaṇṇanā – <span class="bld">sakkesū</span>ti ambaṭṭhasutte vuttena uppattinayena ‘‘sakyā vata, bho kumārā’’ti udānaṃ paṭicca <span class="bld">sakkā</span>ti laddhanāmānaṃ rājakumārānaṃ nivāso ekopi janapado ruḷhīsaddena ‘‘sakkā’’ti vuccati, tasmiṃ sakkesu janapade. <span class="bld">Mahāvane</span>ti sayaṃjāte aropite himavantena saddhiṃ ekābaddhe mahati vane. <span class="bld">Sabbeheva arahantehī</span>ti imaṃ suttaṃ kathitadivaseyeva pattaarahattehi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatrāyaṃ anupubbikathā – sākiyakoliyā kira kapilavatthunagarassa ca koliyanagarassa ca antare rohiṇiṃ nāma nadiṃ ekeneva āvaraṇena bandhāpetvā sassāni karonti, atha jeṭṭhamūlamāse sassesu milāyantesu ubhayanagaravāsikānampi kammakarā sannipatiṃsu. Tattha koliyanagaravāsino āhaṃsu – ‘‘idaṃ udakaṃ ubhato hariyamānaṃ na tumhākaṃ na amhākaṃ pahossati, amhākaṃ pana sassaṃ ekena udakeneva nipphajjissati, idaṃ udakaṃ amhākaṃ dethā’’ti. Kapilavatthunagaravāsino āhaṃsu – ‘‘tumhesu koṭṭhe pūretvā ṭhitesu mayaṃ rattasuvaṇṇanīlamaṇikāḷakahāpaṇe ca gahetvā pacchipasibbakādihatthā na sakkhissāma tumhākaṃ gharadvāre vicarituṃ, amhākampi sassaṃ ekeneva udakena nipphajjissati, idaṃ udakaṃ amhākaṃ dethā’’ti. ‘‘Na <a name="P2.0673"></a> mayaṃ dassāmā’’ti. ‘‘Mayampi na dassāmā’’ti. Evaṃ kalahaṃ vaḍḍhetvā eko uṭṭhāya ekassa pahāraṃ adāsi, sopi aññassāti evaṃ aññamaññaṃ paharitvā rājakulānaṃ jātiṃ ghaṭṭetvā kalahaṃ vaḍḍhayiṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Koliyakammakarā vadanti – ‘‘tumhe kapilavatthuvāsike gahetvā gajjatha, ye soṇasiṅgālādayo viya attano bhaginīhi saddhiṃ saṃvasiṃsu. Etesaṃ hatthino ca assā ca phalakāvudhāni <a name="V2.0239"></a> ca amhākaṃ kiṃ karissantī’’ti? Sākiyakammakarāpi vadanti – ‘‘tumhe dāni kuṭṭhino dārake gahetvā gajjatha, ye anāthā niggatikā tiracchānā viya kolarukkhe vasiṃsu, etesaṃ hatthino ca assā ca phalakāvudhāni ca amhākaṃ <a name="M2.0267"></a> kiṃ karissantī’’ti? Te gantvā tasmiṃ kamme niyuttaamaccānaṃ kathesuṃ, amaccā rājakulānaṃ kathesuṃ, tato sākiyā – ‘‘bhaginīhi saddhiṃ saṃvāsikānaṃ thāmañca balañca dassessāmā’’ti yuddhasajjā nikkhamiṃsu. Koliyāpi – ‘‘kolarukkhavāsīnaṃ thāmañca balañca dassessāmā’’ti yuddhasajjā nikkhamiṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bhagavāpi rattiyā paccūsasamayeva mahākaruṇāsamāpattito vuṭṭhāya lokaṃ volokento ime evaṃ yuddhasajje nikkhamante addasa. Disvā – ‘‘mayi gate ayaṃ kalaho vūpasamissati nu kho udāhu no’’ti upadhārento – ‘‘ahamettha gantvā kalahavūpasamanatthaṃ tīṇi jātakāni kathessāmi, tato kalaho vūpasamissati. Atha sāmaggidīpanatthāya dve jātakāni kathetvā <span class="bld">attadaṇḍasuttaṃ</span> desessāmi. Desanaṃ sutvā ubhayanagaravāsinopi aḍḍhatiyāni aḍḍhatiyāni kumārasatāni dassanti, ahaṃ te pabbajissāmi, tadā mahāsamāgamo bhavissatī’’ti sanniṭṭhānamakāsi. Tasmā imesu yuddhasajjesu nikkhamantesu kassaci anārocetvā sayameva pattacīvaramādāya gantvā dvinnaṃ senānaṃ antare ākāse pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā chabbaṇṇarasmiyo vissajjetvā nisīdi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kapilavatthuvāsino bhagavantaṃ disvāva – ‘‘amhākaṃ ñātiseṭṭho satthā āgato, diṭṭho nu kho tena amhākaṃ kalahakāraṇabhāvo’’ti cintetvā – ‘‘na kho pana sakkā bhagavati āgate amhehi parassa sarīre satthaṃ pātetuṃ, koliyanagaravāsino amhe <a name="P2.0674"></a> hanantu vā pacantu vā’’ti āvudhāni chaḍḍetvā bhagavantaṃ vanditvā nisīdiṃsu. Koliyanagaravāsinopi tatheva cintetvā āvudhāni chaḍḍetvā bhagavantaṃ vanditvā nisīdiṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bhagavā jānantova – ‘‘kasmā āgatattha mahārājā’’ti pucchi. Bhagavā, na titthakīḷāya na pabbatakīḷāya na nadīkīḷāya na giridassanatthaṃ, imasmiṃ pana ṭhāne saṅgāmaṃ paccupaṭṭhapetvā āgatamhāti. Kiṃ nissāya vo kalaho mahārājāti? Udakaṃ, bhanteti. Udakaṃ kiṃ agghati mahārājāti? Appagghaṃ, bhanteti. Pathavī nāma kiṃ agghati mahārājāti? Anagghā, bhanteti. Khattiyā kiṃ agghanti mahārājāti? Khattiyā nāma anagghā bhanteti. Appamūlakaṃ udakaṃ nissāya kimatthaṃ anagghe khattiye nāsetha, mahārājāti? ‘‘Kalahe assādo nāma natthi, kalahavasena mahārājā aṭṭhāne veraṃ katvā ekāya rukkhadevatāya kāḷasīhena saddhiṃ baddhāghāto <a name="V2.0240"></a> sakalampi <a name="M2.0268"></a> imaṃ kappaṃ anuppattoyevā’’ti vatvā <span class="bld">phandanajātakaṃ</span> kathesi. Tato ‘‘parapattiyena nāma mahārājā na bhavitabbaṃ. Parapattiyā hutvā hi ekassa sasakassa kathāya tiyojanasahassavitthate himavante catuppadagaṇā mahāsamuddaṃ pakkhandino ahesuṃ. Tasmā parapattiyena na bhavitabba’’nti vatvā <span class="bld">pathavīundriyajātakaṃ</span> kathesi. Tato – ‘‘kadāci, mahārājā, dubbalopi mahabbalassa randhaṃ vivaraṃ passati, kadāci mahabbalo dubbalassa. Laṭukikāpi hi sakuṇikā hatthināgaṃ ghātesī’’ti vatvā <span class="bld">laṭukikajātakaṃ</span> kathesi. Evaṃ kalahavūpasamatthāya tīṇi jātakāni kathetvā sāmaggiparidīpanatthāya dve jātakāni kathesi. Kathaṃ? Samaggānañhi mahārājā koci otāraṃ nāma passituṃ na sakkotīti vatvā <span class="bld">rukkhadhammajātakaṃ</span> kathesi. Tato ‘‘samaggānaṃ mahārājā koci vivaraṃ passituṃ nāsakkhi. Yadā pana aññamaññaṃ vivādamakaṃsu, atha te nesādaputto jīvitā voropetvā ādāya gato. Vivāde assādo nāma natthī’’ti vatvā <span class="bld">vaṭṭakajātakaṃ</span> kathesi. Evaṃ imāni pañca jātakāni kathetvā avasāne attadaṇḍasuttaṃ kathesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Rājāno <a name="P2.0675"></a> pasannā – ‘‘sace satthā nāgamissa, mayaṃ sahatthā aññamaññaṃyeva vadhitvā lohitanadiṃ pavattayissāma, amhākaṃ puttabhātaro gehadvāre na passeyyāma, sāsanapaṭisāsanampi no āharaṇako na bhavissati. Satthāraṃ nissāya no jīvitaṃ laddhaṃ. Sace pana satthā agāraṃ ajjhāvasissa, dvisahassadīpaparivāresu catūsu mahādīpesu rajjamassa hatthagataṃ abhavissa, atirekasahassaṃ kho panassa puttā abhavissaṃsu, tato khattiyaparivārova avicarissa. Taṃ kho panesa sampattiṃ pahāya nikkhamitvā sambodhiṃ patto, idānipi khattiyaparivāroyeva vicaratū’’ti ubhayanagaravāsino aḍḍhatiyāni aḍḍhatiyāni kumārasatāni adaṃsu. Bhagavā te pabbājetvā mahāvanaṃ agamāsi. Tesaṃ garugāravavasena na attano ruciyā pabbajitānaṃ anabhirati uppajji. Purāṇadutiyikāyopi nesaṃ ‘‘ayyaputtā ukkaṇṭhantu, gharāvāso na saṇṭhātī’’tiādīni vatvā sāsanaṃ pesenti. Te atirekataraṃ ukkaṇṭhiṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bhagavā āvajjanto tesaṃ anabhiratabhāvaṃ ñatvā ‘‘ime bhikkhū mādisena buddhena saddhiṃ ekato vasantā ukkaṇṭhanti, handa nesaṃ kuṇāladahassa vaṇṇaṃ kathetvā tattha netvā anabhiratiṃ vinodessāmī’’ti <a name="M2.0269"></a> kuṇāladahassa vaṇṇaṃ kathesi. Te taṃ daṭṭhukāmā ahesuṃ. Daṭṭhukāmattha, bhikkhave, kuṇāladahanti? Āma bhagavāti. Yadi evaṃ, etha, gacchāmāti. Iddhimantānaṃ bhagavā gamanaṭṭhānaṃ mayaṃ kathaṃ gamissāmāti? Tumhe gantukāmā hotha, ahaṃ mamānubhāvena gahetvā gamissāmīti. Sādhu, bhanteti. Atha bhagavā pañca bhikkhusatāni gahetvā ākāse uppatitvā <a name="V2.0241"></a> kuṇāladahe patiṭṭhāya te bhikkhū āha – ‘‘bhikkhave, imasmiṃ kuṇāladahe yesaṃ macchānaṃ nāmaṃ na jānātha, tesaṃ nāmaṃ pucchathā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Te pucchiṃsu, bhagavā pucchitapucchitaṃ kathesi. Na kevalaṃ macchānaṃyeva, tasmiṃ vanasaṇḍe rukkhānampi pabbatapāde dvipadacatuppadasakuṇānampi nāmāni pucchāpetvā kathesi. Atha dvīhi sakuṇehi mukhatuṇḍakena ḍaṃsitvā gahitadaṇḍake nisinno kuṇālasakuṇarājā purato pacchato ubhosu passesu sakuṇasaṅghaparivuto āgacchati. Bhikkhū taṃ disvā – ‘‘esa, bhante, imesaṃ sakuṇānaṃ rājā bhavissati, parivārā ete etassā’’ti <a name="P2.0676"></a> maññāmāti. Evameva, bhikkhave, ayampi mama vaṃso mama paveṇīti. Idāni tāva mayaṃ, bhante, ete sakuṇe passāma. Yaṃ pana bhagavā ‘‘ayampi mama vaṃso mama paveṇī’’ti āha, taṃ sotukāmamhāti. Sotukāmattha bhikkhaveti? Āma, bhagavāti. Tena hi suṇāthāti tīhi gāthāsatehi maṇḍetvā <span class="bld">kuṇālajātakaṃ</span> kathento anabhiratiṃ vinodesi. Desanāpariyosāne sabbepi sotāpattiphale patiṭṭhahiṃsu, maggeneva ca nesaṃ iddhipi āgatā. Bhagavā – ‘‘hotu tāva ettakaṃ etesaṃ bhikkhūna’’nti ākāse uppatitvā mahāvanameva agamāsi. Tepi bhikkhū gamanakāle dasabalassa ānubhāvena gantvā āgamanakāle attano ānubhāvena bhagavantaṃ parivāretvā mahāvane otariṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bhagavā paññattāsane nisīditvā te bhikkhū āmantetvā – ‘‘etha, bhikkhave, nisīdatha, uparimaggattayavajjhānaṃ vo kilesānaṃ pahānāya kammaṭṭhānaṃ kathessāmī’’ti kammaṭṭhānaṃ kathesi. Bhikkhū cintesuṃ – ‘‘bhagavā amhākaṃ anabhiratabhāvaṃ ñatvā kuṇāladahaṃ netvā anabhiratiṃ vinodesi, tattha sotāpattiphalappattānaṃ no idāni idha tiṇṇaṃ maggānaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ adāsi, na kho panamhehi ‘sotāpannā maya’nti vītināmetuṃ vaṭṭati, uttamapurisasadisehi no bhavituṃ vaṭṭatī’’ti te dasabalassa pāde vanditvā uṭṭhāya nisīdanaṃ papphoṭetvā visuṃ visuṃ pabbhārarukkhamūlesu nisīdiṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bhagavā <a name="M2.0270"></a> cintesi – ‘‘ime bhikkhū pakatiyāpi avissaṭṭhakammaṭṭhānā, laddhupāyassa pana bhikkhuno kilamanakāraṇaṃ nāma natthi. Gacchantā gacchantā ca vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā arahattaṃ patvā – ‘‘attanā attanā paṭiladdhaguṇaṃ ārocessāmā’ti mama santikaṃ āgamissanti. Etesu āgatesu dasasahassacakkavāḷe devatā ekacakkavāḷe sannipatissanti, mahāsamayo bhavissati, vivitte okāse mayā nisīdituṃ vaṭṭatī’’ti. Tato vivitte okāse buddhāsanaṃ paññapetvā nisīdi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sabbapaṭhamaṃ <a name="V2.0242"></a> kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā gatathero saha paṭisambhidāhi arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Tato aparo tato aparoti pañcasatāpi paduminiyaṃ padumāni viya vikasiṃsu. Sabbapaṭhamaṃ <a name="P2.0677"></a> arahattappattabhikkhu – ‘‘bhagavato ārocessāmī’’ti pallaṅkaṃ vinibbhujitvā nisīdanaṃ papphoṭetvā uṭṭhāya dasabalābhimukho ahosi. Evaṃ aparopi aparopīti pañcasatāpi bhattasālaṃ pavisantā viya paṭipāṭiyāva āgamaṃsu. Paṭhamaṃ āgato vanditvā nisīdanaṃ paññapetvā ekamantaṃ nisīditvā paṭiladdhaguṇaṃ ārocetukāmo – ‘‘atthi nu kho añño koci, natthī’’ti nivattitvā āgamanamaggaṃ olokento aparampi addasa aparampi addasa. Iti sabbepi te āgantvā ekamantaṃ nisīditvā ayaṃ imassa harāyamāno na kathesi, ayaṃ imassa harāyamāno na kathesīti. Khīṇāsavānaṃ kira dve ākārā honti – ‘‘aho vata mayā paṭiladdhaguṇaṃ sadevako loko khippameva paṭivijjheyyā’’ti cittaṃ uppajjati. Paṭiladdhabhāvaṃ pana nidhiladdhapuriso viya na aññassa ārocetukāmo hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ osīdamatte pana tasmiṃ ariyamaṇḍale pācīnayugandharaparikkhepato abbhā, mahikā, dhūmo, rajo, rāhūti imehi upakkilesehi vippamuttaṃ buddhuppādapaṭimaṇḍitassa lokassa rāmaṇeyyakadassanatthaṃ pācīnadisāya ukkhittarajatamayamahāādāsamaṇḍalaṃ viya, nemivaṭṭiyaṃ gahetvā parivattiyamānarajatacakkasassirikaṃ puṇṇacandamaṇḍalaṃ ullaṅghitvā anilapathaṃ paṭipajjittha. Iti evarūpe khaṇe laye muhutte bhagavā sakkesu viharati kapilavatthusmiṃ mahāvane mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehi sabbeheva arahantehi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha bhagavāpi mahāsammatassa vaṃse uppanno, tepi pañcasatā bhikkhū mahāsammatassa kule uppannā. Bhagavāpi khattiyagabbhe jāto, tepi khattiyagabbhe <a name="M2.0271"></a> jātā. Bhagavāpi rājapabbajito, tepi rājapabbajitā. Bhagavāpi setacchattaṃ pahāya hatthagataṃ cakkavattirajjaṃ nissajjetvā pabbajito, tepi setacchattaṃ pahāya hatthagatāni rajjāni nissajjetvā pabbajitā. Iti bhagavā parisuddhe okāse parisuddhe rattibhāge sayaṃ parisuddho parisuddhaparivāro vītarāgo vītarāgaparivāro vītadoso vītadosaparivāro vītamoho vītamohaparivāro nittaṇho nittaṇhaparivāro nikkileso nikkilesaparivāro santo santaparivāro danto dantaparivāro mutto muttaparivāro ativiya virocatīti. Vaṇṇabhūmi <a name="P2.0678"></a> nāmesā, yattakaṃ sakkoti, tattakaṃ vattabbaṃ. Iti ime bhikkhū sandhāya vuttaṃ – ‘‘pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehi sabbeheva arahantehī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yebhuyyenā</span>ti <a name="V2.0243"></a> bahutarā sannipatitā, mandā na sannipatitā asaññā arūpāvacaradevatā samāpannadevatā ca. Tatrāyaṃ sannipātakkamo mahāvanassa kira sāmantā devatā caliṃsu – ‘‘āyāma, bho buddhadassanaṃ nāma bahūpakāraṃ, dhammassavanaṃ bahūpakāraṃ, bhikkhusaṅghadassanaṃ bahūpakāraṃ, āyāma āyāmā’’ti mahāsaddaṃ kurumānā āgantvā bhagavantañca taṃmuhuttaṃ arahattappattakhīṇāsave ca vanditvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhaṃsu. Eteneva upāyena tāsaṃ tāsaṃ saddaṃ sutvā saddantaraaḍḍhagāvutagāvutaaḍḍhayojanayojanādivasena tiyojanasahassavitthate himavante, tikkhattuṃ tesaṭṭhiyā nagarasahassesu, navanavutiyā doṇamukhasatasahassesu, channavutiyā paṭṭanakoṭisatasahassesu, chapaṇṇāsāya ratanākaresūti sakalajambudīpe, pubbavidehe, aparagoyāne, uttarakurumhi, dvīsu parittadīpasahassesūti sakalacakkavāḷe, tato dutiyatatiyacakkavāḷeti evaṃ dasasahassacakkavāḷesu devatā sannipatitāti veditabbā. Dasasahassacakkavāḷañhi idha dasalokadhātuyoti adhippetā. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘dasahi ca lokadhātūhi devatā yebhuyyena sannipatitā hontī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ sannipatitāhi devatāhi sakalacakkavāḷagabbhaṃ yāva brahmalokā sūcighare nirantaraṃ pakkhittasūcīhi viya paripuṇṇaṃ hoti. Tatra brahmalokassa evaṃ uccattanaṃ veditabbaṃ. Lohapāsāde kira sattakūṭāgārasamo pāsāṇo brahmaloke ṭhatvā adho khitto catūhi <a name="M2.0272"></a> māsehi pathaviṃ pāpuṇāti. Evaṃ mahante okāse yathā heṭṭhā ṭhatvā khittāni pupphāni vā dhūmo vā upari gantuṃ, upari vā ṭhatvā khittasāsapā heṭṭhā otarituṃ antaraṃ na labhanti, evaṃ nirantaraṃ devatā ahesuṃ. Yathā kho pana cakkavattirañño nisinnaṭṭhānaṃ asambādhaṃ hoti, āgatāgatā mahesakkhā khattiyā okāsaṃ labhantiyeva, parato parato pana atisambādhaṃ hoti, evameva bhagavato nisinnaṭṭhānaṃ asambādhaṃ, āgatāgatā mahesakkhā devatā ca mahābrahmāno ca okāsaṃ labhantiyeva. Apisudaṃ <a name="P2.0679"></a> bhagavato āsannāsannaṭṭhāne mahāparinibbāne vuttanayeneva vālaggakoṭinitudanamatte padese dasapi vīsampi sabbaparato tiṃsampi devatā sukhume sukhume attabhāve māpetvā aṭṭhaṃsu. Saṭṭhi saṭṭhi devatā aṭṭhaṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Suddhāvāsakāyikāna</span>nti suddhāvāsavāsīnaṃ. <span class="bld">Suddhāvāsā</span> nāma suddhānaṃ anāgāmikhīṇāsavānaṃ āvāsā pañca brahmalokā. <span class="bld">Etadahosī</span>ti kasmā ahosi? Te kira brahmāno samāpattiṃ samāpajjitvā yathāparicchedena vuṭṭhitā brahmabhavanaṃ olokentā pacchābhatte bhattagehaṃ viya suññataṃ addasaṃsu. Tato ‘‘kuhiṃ brahmāno gatā’’ti āvajjantā mahāsamāgamaṃ ñatvā – ‘‘ayaṃ samāgamo mahā, mayaṃ ohīnā, ohīnakānaṃ okāso dullabho hoti, tasmā <a name="V2.0244"></a> gacchantā atucchahatthā hutvā ekekaṃ gāthaṃ abhisaṅkharitvā gacchāma. Tāya mahāsamāgame ca attano āgatabhāvaṃ jānāpessāma, dasabalassa ca vaṇṇaṃ bhāsissāmā’’ti. Iti tesaṃ samāpattito vuṭṭhāya āvajjitattā etadahosi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para332"></a><a name="para332_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">332</span>. <span class="bld">Bhagavato purato pāturahesu</span>nti pāḷiyaṃ bhagavato santike abhimukhaṭṭhāneyeva otiṇṇā viya katvā vuttā, na kho panettha evaṃ attho veditabbo. Te pana brahmaloke ṭhitāyeva gāthā abhisaṅkharitvā eko puratthimacakkavāḷamukhavaṭṭiyaṃ otari, eko dakkhiṇacakkavāḷamukhavaṭṭiyaṃ, eko pacchimacakkavāḷamukhavaṭṭiyaṃ, eko uttaracakkavāḷamukhavaṭṭiyaṃ otari. Tato puratthimacakkavāḷamukhavaṭṭiyaṃ otiṇṇabrahmā nīlakasiṇaṃ samāpajjitvā nīlarasmiyo vissajjitvā dasasahassacakkavāḷadevatānaṃ maṇicammaṃ paṭimuñcanto viya attano āgatabhāvaṃ jānāpetvā buddhavīthi <a name="M2.0273"></a> nāma kenaci ottharituṃ na sakkā, tasmā pahaṭabuddhavīthiyāva āgantvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito attanā abhisaṅkhataṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dakkhiṇacakkavāḷamukhavaṭṭiyaṃ otiṇṇabrahmāpi pītakasiṇaṃ samāpajjitvā pītarasmiyo suvaṇṇapabhaṃ muñcitvā dasasahassacakkavāḷadevatānaṃ suvaṇṇapaṭaṃ pārupento viya attano āgatabhāvaṃ jānāpetvā tatheva aṭṭhāsi. Pacchimacakkavāḷamukhavaṭṭiyaṃ <a name="P2.0680"></a> otiṇṇabrahmāpi lohitakasiṇaṃ samāpajjitvā lohitarasmiyo muñcitvā dasasahassacakkavāḷadevatānaṃ rattavarakambalena parikkhipanto viya attano āgatabhāvaṃ jānāpetvā tatheva aṭṭhāsi. Uttaracakkavāḷamukhavaṭṭiyaṃ otiṇṇabrahmāpi odātakasiṇaṃ samāpajjitvā odātarasmiyo muñcitvā dasasahassacakkavāḷadevatānaṃ sumanapaṭaṃ pārupanto viya attano āgatabhāvaṃ jānāpetvā tatheva aṭṭhāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pāḷiyaṃ pana ‘‘bhagavato purato pāturahesuṃ. Atha kho tā devatā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhaṃsū’’ti evaṃ ekakkhaṇaṃ viya purato pātubhāvo ca abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ ṭhitabhāvo ca vutto, so iminā anukkamena ahosi, ekato katvā pana dassito. Gāthābhāsanaṃ pana pāḷiyaṃ visuṃ visuṃyeva vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">mahāsamayo</span>ti mahāsamūho. <span class="bld">Pavanaṃ</span> vuccati vanasaṇḍo. Ubhayenapi bhagavā imasmiṃ vanasaṇḍe ajja mahāsamūho mahāsannipātoti āha. Tato yesaṃ so sannipāto, te dassetuṃ <span class="bld">devakāyā</span> <a name="V2.0245"></a> <span class="bld">samāgatā</span>ti āha. Tattha <span class="bld">devakāyā</span>ti devaghaṭā. <span class="bld">Āgatamha imaṃ dhammasamaya</span>nti evaṃ samāgate devakāye disvā mayampi imaṃ dhammasamūhaṃ āgatā. Kiṃ kāraṇā? <span class="bld">Dakkhitāye aparājitasaṅghaṃ,</span> kenaci aparājitaṃ ajjeva tayo māre madditvā vijitasaṅgāmaṃ imaṃ aparājitasaṅghaṃ dassanatthāya āgatamhāti attho. So pana brahmā imaṃ gāthaṃ bhāsitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā puratthimacakkavāḷamukhavaṭṭiyaṃyeva aṭṭhāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha dutiyo vuttanayeneva āgantvā abhāsi. Tattha <span class="bld">tatra bhikkhavo</span>ti tasmiṃ sannipātaṭṭhāne bhikkhū. <span class="bld">Samādahaṃsū</span>ti samādhinā yojesuṃ. <span class="bld">Cittamattano ujukaṃ akaṃsū</span>ti attano cittaṃ sabbe vaṅkakuṭilajimhabhāve haritvā ujukaṃ akariṃsu. <span class="bld">Sārathīva nettāni gahetvā</span>ti <a name="M2.0274"></a> yathā samappavattesu sindhavesu odhastapatodo sārathi sabbayottāni gahetvā acodento avārento tiṭṭhati, evaṃ chaḷaṅgupekkhāsamannāgatā guttadvārā sabbepete pañcasatā bhikkhū indriyāni rakkhanti paṇḍitā, ete daṭṭhuṃ idhāgatamha bhagavāti. Sopi gantvā yathāṭhāneyeva aṭṭhāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha <a name="P2.0681"></a> tatiyo vuttanayeneva āgantvā abhāsi. Tattha <span class="bld">chetvā khīla</span>nti rāgadosamohakhīlaṃ chinditvā. <span class="bld">Paligha</span>nti rāgadosamohapalighameva. <span class="bld">Indakhīla</span>ntipi rāgadosamohaindakhīlameva. <span class="bld">Ūhacca manejā</span>ti ete taṇhāejāya abhāvena anejā bhikkhū indakhīlaṃ ūhacca samūhanitvā. <span class="bld">Te carantī</span>ti catūsu disāsu appaṭihatacārikaṃ caranti. <span class="bld">Suddhā</span>ti nirupakkilesā. <span class="bld">Vimalā</span>ti nimmalā. Idaṃ tasseva vevacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Cakkhumatā</span>ti pañcahi cakkhūhi cakkhumantena. <span class="bld">Sudantā</span>ti cakkhutopi dantā, sotatopi ghānatopi jivhātopi kāyatopi manatopi dantā. <span class="bld">Susunāgā</span>ti taruṇanāgā. Te evarūpena anuttarena yogācariyena damite taruṇanāge dassanāya āgatamha bhagavāti. Sopi gantvā yathāṭhāneyeva aṭṭhāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha catuttho vuttanayeneva āgantvā abhāsi. Tattha <span class="bld">gatāse</span>ti nibbematikasaraṇagamanena gatā. Sopi gantvā yathāṭhāneyeva aṭṭhāsi.</p>
<p class="subhead">Devatāsannipātavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para333"></a><a name="para333_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">333</span>. Atha bhagavā olokento pathavītalato yāva cakkavāḷamukhavaṭṭiparicchedā yāva akaniṭṭhabrahmalokā devatāsannipātaṃ disvā cintesi – ‘‘mahā ayaṃ devatāsamāgamo, bhikkhū pana evaṃ mahā devatāya samāgamoti na jānanti, handa, nesaṃ ācikkhāmī’’ti, evaṃ cintetvā <a name="V2.0246"></a> ‘‘atha kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesī’’ti sabbaṃ vitthāretabbaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">etaparamā</span>ti etaṃ paramaṃ pamāṇaṃ etesanti etaparamā. Idāni buddhānaṃ pana abhāvā ‘‘yepi te, bhikkhave, etarahī’’ti tatiyo vāro na vutto. <span class="bld">Ācikkhissāmi, bhikkhave</span>ti kasmā āha? Devatānaṃ cittakallatājananatthaṃ. Devatā kira cintesuṃ – ‘‘bhagavā evaṃ mahante samāgame mahesakkhānaṃyeva devatānaṃ nāmagottāni kathessati, appesakkhānaṃ kiṃ kathessatī’’ti? Atha <a name="M2.0275"></a> bhagavā ‘‘imā devatā kiṃ cintentī’’ti āvajjanto mukhena hatthaṃ pavesetvā hadayamaṃsaṃ maddanto viya sabhaṇḍaṃ coraṃ gaṇhanto viya ca taṃ tāsaṃ cittācāraṃ ñatvā – ‘‘dasasahassacakkavāḷato āgatāgatānaṃ appesakkhamahesakkhānaṃ sabbāsampi devatānaṃ nāmagottaṃ kathessāmī’’ti cintesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Buddhā nāma mahantā ete sattavisesā, yaṃ sadevakassa <a name="P2.0682"></a> lokassa diṭṭhaṃ sutaṃ mutaṃ viññātaṃ pattaṃ pariyesitaṃ anuvicaritaṃ manasā, na kiñci katthaci nīlādivasena vibhattarūpārammaṇesu rūpārammaṇaṃ vā bherīsaddādivasena vibhattasaddārammaṇādīsu visuṃ visuṃ saddādiārammaṇaṃ vā atthi, yaṃ etesaṃ ñāṇamukhe āpāthaṃ nāgacchati. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Yaṃ bhikkhave sadevakassa lokassa…pe… sadevamanussāya diṭṭhaṃ sutaṃ mutaṃ viññātaṃ pattaṃ pariyesitaṃ anuvicaritaṃ manasā, tamahaṃ jānāmi, tamahaṃ passāmi, tamahaṃ abbhaññāsi’’nti (a. ni. 4.24).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ sabbattha appaṭihatañāṇo bhagavā sabbāpi tā devatā bhabbābhabbavasena dve koṭṭhāse akāsi. ‘‘Kammāvaraṇena vā samannāgatā’’tiādinā nayena vuttā sattā <span class="bld">abhabbā</span> nāma. Te ekavihāre vasantepi buddhā na olokenti. Viparītā pana <span class="bld">bhabbā</span> nāma, te dūre vasantepi gantvā saṅgaṇhanti. Tasmā tasmimpi devatāsannipāte ye abhabbā, te pahāya bhabbe pariggahesi. Pariggahetvā – ‘‘ettakā ettha rāgacaritā, ettakā dosacaritā, ettakā mohacaritā’’ti caritavasena cha koṭṭhāse akāsi. Atha nesaṃ sappāyaṃ dhammadesanaṃ upadhārayanto – ‘‘rāgacaritānaṃ devatānaṃ <span class="bld">sammāparibbājaniyasuttaṃ</span> kathessāmi, dosacaritānaṃ <span class="bld">kalahavivādasuttaṃ,</span> mohacaritānaṃ <span class="bld">mahābyūhasuttaṃ,</span> vitakkacaritānaṃ <span class="bld">cūḷabyūhasuttaṃ,</span> saddhācaritānaṃ <span class="bld">tuvaṭṭakapaṭipadaṃ,</span> buddhicaritānaṃ <span class="bld">purābhedasuttaṃ</span> kathessāmī’’ti desanaṃ vavatthapetvā puna taṃ parisaṃ manasākāsi – ‘‘attajjhāsayena nu kho jāneyya, parajjhāsayena atthuppattikena pucchāvasenā’’ti. Tato ‘‘pucchāvasena jāneyyā’’ti ñatvā ‘‘atthi nu kho koci devatānaṃ ajjhāsayaṃ gahetvā caritavasena pañhaṃ pucchituṃ samattho’’ti ‘‘tesu pañcasatesu bhikkhūsu ekopi <a name="V2.0247"></a> na sakkotī’’ti addasa. Tato asītimahāsāvake dve aggasāvake ca samannāharitvā ‘‘tepi <a name="M2.0276"></a> na sakkontī’’ti disvā cintesi ‘‘sace paccekabuddho bhaveyya, sakkuṇeyya nu kho’’ti ‘‘sopi na sakkuṇeyyā’’ti ñatvā ‘‘sakkasuyāmādīsu koci sakkuṇeyyā’’ti samannāhari. Sace hi tesu koci sakkuṇeyya, taṃ pucchāpetvā attanā vissajjeyya, na pana tesupi koci sakkoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Athassa <a name="P2.0683"></a> etadahosi – ‘‘mādiso buddhoyeva sakkuṇeyya, atthi pana katthaci añño buddho’’ti anantāsu lokadhātūsu anantañāṇaṃ pattharitvā olokento aññaṃ buddhaṃ na addasa. Anacchariyañcetaṃ, yaṃ idāni attanā samaṃ na passeyya, so jātadivasepi brahmajālavaṇṇanāyaṃ vuttanayena attanā samaṃ apassanto – ‘‘aggohamasmi lokassā’’ti appaṭivattiyaṃ sīhanādaṃ nadi. Evaṃ aññaṃ attanā samaṃ apassitvā cintesi – ‘‘sace ahaṃ pucchitvā ahameva vissajjeyyaṃ, evampetā devatā na sakkhissanti paṭivijjhituṃ. Aññasmiṃ pana buddheyeva pucchante mayi ca vissajjante accherakaṃ bhavissati, sakkhissanti ca devatā paṭivijjhituṃ, tasmā nimmitabuddhaṃ māpessāmī’’ti abhiññāpādakajjhānaṃ samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhāya – ‘‘pattacīvaragahaṇaṃ ālokitavilokitaṃ samiñjitapasāritañca mama sadisaṃyeva hotū’’ti kāmāvacaracittehi parikammaṃ katvā pācīnayugandharaparikkhepato ullaṅghamānaṃ candamaṇḍalaṃ bhinditvā nikkhamantaṃ viya rūpāvacaracittena adhiṭṭhāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Devasaṅgho taṃ disvā – ‘‘aññopi nu kho, bho, cando uggato’’ti āha. Atha candaṃ ohāya āsannatare jāte ‘‘na cando, sūriyo uggato’’ti, puna āsannatare jāte ‘‘na sūriyo, devavimānaṃ eka’’nti, puna āsannatare jāte ‘‘na devavimānaṃ, devaputto eko’’ti, puna āsannatare jāte ‘‘na devaputto, mahābrahmā eko’’ti, puna āsannatare jāte ‘‘na mahābrahmā, aparopi bho buddho āgato’’ti āha. Tattha puthujjanadevatā cintayiṃsu – ‘‘ekabuddhassa tāva ayaṃ devatāsannipāto, dvinnaṃ kīva mahanto bhavissatī’’ti. Ariyadevatā cintayiṃsu – ‘‘ekissā lokadhātuyā dve buddhā nāma natthi, addhā bhagavatā attanā sadiso añño eko buddho nimmito’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha tassa devasaṅghassa passantasseva nimmitabuddho āgantvā dasabalaṃ avanditvāva sammukhaṭṭhāne samasamaṃ katvā māpite āsane nisīdi. Bhagavatopi dvattiṃsa mahāpurisalakkhaṇāni, nimmitassāpi dvattiṃsāva, bhagavatopi <a name="M2.0277"></a> sarīrā chabbaṇṇarasmiyo nikkhamanti<a name="V2.0248"></a>, nimmitassāpi, bhagavato sarīrarasmiyo nimmitassa sarīre paṭihaññanti, nimmitassa sarīrarasmiyo bhagavato kāye paṭihaññanti. Tā dvinnampi buddhānaṃ sarīrato <a name="P2.0684"></a> uggamma akaniṭṭhabhavanaṃ āhacca tato paṭinivattitvā devatānaṃ matthakapariyante otaritvā cakkavāḷamukhavaṭṭiyaṃ patiṭṭhahiṃsu. Sakalacakkavāḷagabbhaṃ suvaṇṇamayavaṅkagopānasīvinaddhamiva cetiyagharaṃ virocittha. Dasasahassacakkavāḷadevatā ekacakkavāḷe rāsibhūtā dvinnaṃ buddhānaṃ rasmigabbhantaraṃ pavisitvā aṭṭhaṃsu. Nimmitabuddho nisīdantoyeva dasabalassa bodhipallaṅke kilesappahānaṃ abhitthavanto –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Pucchāmi muniṃ pahūtapaññaṃ,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Tiṇṇaṃ pāraṅgataṃ parinibbutaṃ ṭhitattaṃ;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Nikkhamma gharā panujja kāme,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Kathaṃ bhikkhu sammā so loke paribbajeyyā’’ti. (su. ni. 361) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Gāthaṃ abhāsi. Satthā devatānaṃ tāva cittakallatājananatthaṃ āgatāgatānaṃ nāmagottāni kathessāmīti cintetvā <span class="bld">ācikkhissāmi, bhikkhave</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para334"></a><a name="para334_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">334</span>. Tattha <span class="bld">silokamanukassāmī</span>ti akkharapadaniyamitaṃ vacanasaṅghātaṃ pavattayissāmi. <span class="bld">Yattha bhummā tadassitā</span>ti yesu yesu ṭhānesu bhummā devatā taṃ taṃ nissitā. <span class="bld">Ye sitā girigabbhara</span>ntiādīhi tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ vaṇṇaṃ kathesi, ye bhikkhū girikucchiṃ nissitāti attho. <span class="bld">Pahitattā</span>ti pesitacittā. <span class="bld">Samāhitā</span>ti avikkhittā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Puthū</span>ti bahujanā. <span class="bld">Sīhāva sallīnā</span>ti sīhā viya nilīnā ekattaṃ upagatā. <span class="bld">Lomahaṃsābhisambhuno</span>ti lomahaṃsaṃ abhibhavitvā ṭhitā, nibbhayāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Odātamanasā suddhā</span>ti odātacittā hutvā suddhā. <span class="bld">Vippasannāmanāvilā</span>ti vippasannaanāvilā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhiyyopañcasate ñatvā</span>ti sammāsambuddhena saddhiṃ atirekapañcasate bhikkhū jānitvā. <span class="bld">Vane kāpilavatthave</span>ti kapilavatthusamīpamhi jāte vanasaṇḍe. <span class="bld">Tato āmantayī satthā</span>ti tadā āmantayi. <span class="bld">Sāvake</span> <a name="M2.0278"></a> <span class="bld">sāsane rate</span>ti attano dhammadesanāya savanante jātattā sāvake <a name="P2.0685"></a> sikkhattayasāsane <a name="V2.0249"></a> ratattā sāsane rate. Idaṃ sabbaṃ – ‘‘silokamanukassāmī’’ti vacanato aññena vuttaṃ viya katvā vadati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Devakāyā abhikkantā, te vijānātha bhikkhavo</span>ti te dibbacakkhunā vijānāthāti nesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ dibbacakkhuñāṇābhinīhāratthāya kathesi. <span class="bld">Te ca ātappamakaruṃ, sutvā buddhassa sāsana</span>nti te ca bhikkhū taṃ buddhasāsanaṃ sutvā tāvadeva tadatthāya vīriyaṃ kariṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ katamattātappānaṃyeva <span class="bld">tesaṃ pāturahu ñāṇaṃ.</span> Kīdisaṃ? Amanussānaṃ dassanaṃ dibbacakkhuñāṇaṃ uppajji. Na taṃ tehi tasmiṃ khaṇe parikammaṃ katvā uppāditaṃ. Ariyamaggeneva hi taṃ nipphannaṃ. Amanussadassanatthaṃ panassa abhinīhāramattameva kataṃ. Satthāpi – ‘‘atthi tumhākaṃ ñāṇaṃ, taṃ nīharitvā tena hi te vijānāthā’’ti idameva sandhāya ‘‘te vijānātha, bhikkhavo’’ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Appeke satamaddakkhu</span>nti tesu bhikkhūsu ekacce bhikkhū amanussānaṃ sataṃ addasaṃsu. <span class="bld">Sahassaṃ atha sattari</span>nti eke sahassaṃ. Eke sattati sahassāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sataṃ eke sahassāna</span>nti eke satasahassaṃ addasaṃsu. <span class="bld">Appekenantamaddakkhu</span>nti vipulaṃ addasaṃsu, satavasena sahassavasena ca aparicchinnepi addasaṃsūti attho. Kasmā? Yasmā <span class="bld">disā sabbā phuṭā ahuṃ,</span> bharitā sampuṇṇāva ahesuṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tañca sabbaṃ abhiññāyā</span>ti yaṃ tesu ekenekena diṭṭhaṃ, tañca sabbaṃ jānitvā. <span class="bld">Vavatthitvāna cakkhumā</span>ti hatthatale lekhaṃ viya paccakkhato vavatthapetvā pañcahi cakkhūhi cakkhumā satthā. <span class="bld">Tato āmantayī</span>ti pubbe vuttagāthameva nāmagottakittanatthāya āha. Tumhe ete vijānātha, passatha, oloketha, ye vohaṃ kittayissāmīti ayamettha sambandho. <span class="bld">Girāhī</span>ti vacanehi. <span class="bld">Anupubbaso</span>ti anupaṭipāṭiyā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para335"></a><a name="para335_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">335</span>. <span class="bld">Sattasahassā te yakkhā, bhummā kāpilavatthavā</span>ti sattasahassā tāvettha kapilavatthuṃ nissāya nibbattā bhummā yakkhāyevāti vadati<a name="M2.0279"></a>. <span class="bld">Iddhimanto</span>ti <a name="P2.0686"></a> dibbaiddhiyuttā. <span class="bld">Jutimanto</span>ti ānubhāvasampannā. <span class="bld">Vaṇṇavanto</span>ti sarīravaṇṇasampannā. <span class="bld">Yasassino</span>ti parivārasampannā. <span class="bld">Modamānā abhikkāmu</span>nti tuṭṭhacittā āgatā. <span class="bld">Bhikkhūnaṃ samitiṃ vana</span>nti imaṃ mahāvanaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ santikaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ <a name="V2.0250"></a> dassanatthāya āgatā. Atha vā <span class="bld">samiti</span>nti samūhaṃ, bhikkhusamūhaṃ dassanāya āgatātipi attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Chasahassā hemavatā, yakkhā nānattavaṇṇino</span>ti chasahassā hemavatapabbate nibbattayakkhā, te ca sabbepi nīlādivaṇṇavasena nānattavaṇṇā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sātāgirā tisahassā</span>ti sātāgiripabbate nibbattayakkhā tisahassā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Iccete soḷasasahassā</span>ti ete sabbepi soḷasasahassā honti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vessāmittā pañcasatā</span>ti vessāmittapabbate nibbattā pañcasatā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kumbhīro rājagahiko</span>ti rājagahanagare nibbatto kumbhīro nāma yakkho. <span class="bld">Vepullassa nivesana</span>nti tassa vepullapabbato nivesanaṃ nivāsanaṭṭhānanti attho. <span class="bld">Bhiyyo naṃ satasahassaṃ, yakkhānaṃ payirupāsatī</span>ti taṃ atirekaṃ yakkhānaṃ satasahassaṃ payirupāsati. <span class="bld">Kumbhīro rājagahiko, sopāgā samitiṃ vana</span>nti sopi kumbhīro saparivāro imaṃ vanaṃ bhikkhusamitiṃ dassanatthāya āgato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para336"></a><a name="para336_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">336</span>. <span class="bld">Purimañca disaṃ rājā, dhataraṭṭho pasāsatī</span>ti pācīnadisaṃ anusāsati. <span class="bld">Gandhabbānaṃ adhipatī</span>ti catūsupi disāsu gandhabbānaṃ jeṭṭhako. Sabbe te tassa vase vattanti. <span class="bld">Mahārājā yasassiso</span>ti mahāparivāro eso mahārājā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Puttāpi</span> <a name="M2.0280"></a> <span class="bld">tassa bahavo, indanāmā mahabbalā</span>ti tassa dhataraṭṭhassa bahavo mahabbalā puttā, te sabbe sakkassa devarañño nāmadhārakā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Virūḷho taṃ pasāsatī</span>ti taṃ disaṃ virūḷho anusāsati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Puttāpi tassā</span>ti tassāpi tādisāyeva puttā. Pāḷiyaṃ pana ‘‘mahabbalā’’ti likhanti. Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ sabbavāresu ‘‘mahābalā’’ti pāṭho.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Purimaṃ <a name="P2.0687"></a><a name="V2.0251"></a> disaṃ dhataraṭṭho, dakkhiṇena virūḷhako;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Pacchimena virūpakkho, kuvero uttaraṃ disaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Cattāro te mahārājā, samantā caturo disā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Daddallamānā aṭṭhaṃsu, vane kāpilavatthave’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Imā pana gāthā sabbasaṅgāhikavasena vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ayañcettha attho – dasasahassacakkavāḷe dhataraṭṭhā nāma mahārājāno atthi. Te sabbepi koṭisatasahassakoṭisatasahassagandhabbaparivārā āgantvā puratthimāya disāya kapilavatthumahāvanato paṭṭhāya cakkavāḷagabbhaṃ pūretvā ṭhitā. Evaṃ dakkhiṇadisādīsu virūḷhakādayo. Tenevāha – ‘‘samantā caturo disā, daddallamānā aṭṭhaṃsū’’ti. Idañhi vuttaṃ hoti – ‘‘samantā cakkavāḷehi āgantvā caturo disā pabbatamatthakesu aggikkhandhā viya suṭṭhu jalamānā ṭhitā’’ti. Te pana yasmā kapilavatthuvanameva sandhāya āgatā, tasmā cakkavāḷaṃ pūretvā cakkavāḷena samasamā ṭhitāpi – ‘‘vane kāpilavatthave’’ti vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para337"></a><a name="para337_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">337</span>. <span class="bld">Tesaṃ māyāvino dāsā, āguṃ vañcanikā saṭhā</span>ti tesaṃ mahārājānaṃ katapāpapaṭicchādanalakkhaṇāya māyāya yuttā kuṭilācārā dāsā atthi, ye sammukhaparammukhavañcanāhi lokaṃ vañcanato ‘‘vañcanikā’’ti ca, kerāṭiyasāṭheyyena samannāgatattā ‘‘saṭhā’’ti ca vuccanti, tepi āgatāti attho. <span class="bld">Māyā kuṭeṇḍu viṭeṇḍu, viṭucca viṭuṭo sahā</span>ti te dāsā sabbepi māyākārakāva. Nāmena panettha eko <span class="bld">kuṭeṇḍu</span> nāma, eko <span class="bld">viṭeṇḍu</span> nāma. Pāḷiyaṃ pana ‘‘veṭeṇḍū’’ti likhanti. Eko <span class="bld">viṭucca</span> nāma, eko <span class="bld">viṭuṭo</span> nāma. <span class="bld">Sahā</span>ti sopi viṭuṭo tehi saheva āgato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Candano</span> <a name="M2.0281"></a> <span class="bld">kāmaseṭṭho ca, kinnighaṇḍu nighaṇḍu cā</span>ti aparo kinnighaṇḍu nāma. Pāḷiyaṃ pana ‘‘kinnughaṇḍū’’ti likhanti. <span class="bld">Nighaṇḍu cā</span>ti añño nighaṇḍu nāma, ettakā dāsā. Ito pare pana –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Panādo <a name="V2.0252"></a> opamañño ca, devasuto ca mātali;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Cittaseno ca gandhabbo, naḷo rājā janesabho;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Āguṃ pañcasikho ceva, timbarū sūriyavacchasā’’ti. –</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ime <a name="P2.0688"></a> devarājāno. Tattha <span class="bld">devasuto</span>ti devasārathi. <span class="bld">Cittaseno</span>ti citto ca seno ca cittaseno ca. <span class="bld">Gandhabbo</span>ti ayaṃ cittaseno gandhabbakāyiko devaputto, na kevalaṃ cesa, sabbe pete panādādayo gandhabbā eva. <span class="bld">Naḷorājā</span>ti naḷakāradevaputto nāmeko. <span class="bld">Janesabho</span>ti janavasabho devaputto. <span class="bld">Āguṃ pañcasikho cevā</span>ti pañcasikho ceva devaputto āgato. <span class="bld">Timbarū</span>ti timbarū nāma gandhabbadevarājā. <span class="bld">Sūriyavacchasā</span>ti tasseva dhītā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ete caññe ca rājāno, gandhabbā saha rājubhī</span>ti ete ca nāmavasena vuttagandhabbarājāno aññe ca etehi rājūhi saddhiṃ bahū gandhabbā. <span class="bld">Modamānā abhikkāmuṃ, bhikkhūnaṃ samitiṃ vana</span>nti haṭṭhatuṭṭhacittā bhikkhusaṅghasamitiṃ imaṃ vanaṃ āgatāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para338"></a><a name="para338_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">338</span>. <span class="bld">Athāguṃ nāgasā nāgā, vesālā sahatacchakā</span>ti nāgasadahavāsikā ca vesālīvāsikā ca nāgā saha tacchakanāgaparisāya āgatāti attho. <span class="bld">Kambalassatarā</span>ti kambalo ca assataro ca. Ete kira sinerupāde vasanti, supaṇṇehipi anuddharaṇīyā mahesakkhanāgā <span class="bld">pāyāgā saha ñātibhī</span>ti payāgatitthavāsino ca saha ñātisaṅghena āgatā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yāmunā dhataraṭṭhā cā</span>ti yamunavāsino ca dhataraṭṭhakule uppannā nāgā ca. <span class="bld">Erāvaṇo mahānāgo</span>ti erāvaṇo ca devaputto, jātiyā nāgo na hoti. Nāgavohārena panesa vohariyati. <span class="bld">Sopāgā</span>ti sopi āgato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ye</span> <a name="M2.0282"></a> <span class="bld">nāgarāje sahasā harantī</span>ti ye ime vuttappakāre nāge lobhābhibhūtā sāhasaṃ katvā haranti gaṇhanti. <span class="bld">Dibbā dijā pakkhī visuddhacakkhū</span>ti dibbānubhāvato dibbā mātukucchito ca aṇḍakosato cāti dve vāre jātāti dijā pakkhayuttatāya pakkhī yojanasatantarepi yojanasahassantarepi nāge dassanasamatthacakkhutāya visuddhacakkhū. <span class="bld">Vehāyasā</span> <a name="P2.0689"></a> <span class="bld">te vanamajjhappattā</span>ti te ākāseneva imaṃ mahāvanaṃ sampattā. <span class="bld">Citrā supaṇṇā iti tesa nāma</span>nti tesaṃ ‘‘citrasupaṇṇā’’ti nāmaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Abhayaṃ</span> <a name="V2.0253"></a> <span class="bld">tadā nāgarājānamāsi, supaṇṇato khemamakāsi buddho</span>ti tasmā sabbepi te aññamaññaṃ <span class="bld">saṇhāhi vācāhi upavhayantā</span> mittā viya bandhavā viya ca samullapantā sammodamānā āliṅgantā hatthe gaṇhantā aṃsakūṭe hatthaṃ ṭhapentā haṭṭhatuṭṭhacittā. <span class="bld">Nāgā supaṇṇā saraṇamakaṃsu buddha</span>nti buddhaṃyeva saraṇaṃ gatā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para339"></a><a name="para339_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">339</span>. <span class="bld">Jitā vajirahatthenā</span>ti indena devaraññā jitā. <span class="bld">Samuddaṃ asurāsitā</span>ti mahāsamuddavāsino sujātāya asurakaññāya kāraṇā sabbepi <span class="bld">bhātaro vāsavassete, iddhimanto yasassino.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext">Tesu <span class="bld">kālakañcā mahābhismā</span>ti kālakañcā ca mahante bhiṃsane attabhāve māpetvā āgamiṃsu. <span class="bld">Asurā dānaveghasāti dānaveghasā</span> nāma aññe dhanuggahaasurā. <span class="bld">Vepacitti sucitti ca, pahārādo namucī sahā</span>ti vepacittiasuro, sucittiasuro cāti ete ca asurā namuci ca māro devaputto etehi saheva āgato. Ime asurā mahāsamuddavāsino, ayaṃ paranimmitadevalokavāsī, kasmā etehi sahāgatoti? Acchandikattā. Tepi hi acchandikā abhabbā, ayampi tādisoyeva. Tasmā dhātuso saṃsandamāno āgato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Satañca baliputtāna</span>nti balino mahāasurassa puttānaṃ sataṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbe verocanāmakā</span>ti sabbe attano mātulassa rāhusseva nāmadharā. <span class="bld">Sannayhitvā balisena</span>nti attano balisenaṃ sannayhitvā sabbe katasannāhāva hutvā. <span class="bld">Rāhubhaddamupāgamu</span>nti rāhuasurindaṃ upasaṅkamiṃsu. <span class="bld">Samayo</span> <a name="M2.0283"></a> <span class="bld">dāni bhaddante</span>ti bhaddaṃ tava hotu, samayo te bhikkhūnaṃ samitiṃ vanaṃ upasaṅkamitvā bhikkhusaṅghaṃ dassanāyāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para340"></a><a name="para340_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">340</span>. <span class="bld">Āpo ca devā pathavī, tejo vāyo tadāgamu</span>nti āpokasiṇādīsu parikammaṃ katvā nibbattā <span class="bld">āpo</span>tiādināmakā devā āgamuṃ. <span class="bld">Varuṇā vāraṇā devā, somo ca yasasā sahā</span>ti varuṇadevatā<a name="P2.0690"></a>, vāraṇadevatā, somadevatāti evaṃ nāmakā ca devā yasasā nāma devena sahāgatāti attho. <span class="bld">Mettākaruṇākāyikā</span>ti mettājhāne ca karuṇājhāne ca parikammaṃ katvā nibbattadevā. <span class="bld">Āguṃ devā yasassino</span>ti etepi mahāyasā devā āgatā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dasete dasadhā kāyā, sabbe nānattavaṇṇino</span>ti te dasadhā ṭhitā dasa devakāyā sabbe nīlādivasena nānattavaṇṇā āgatāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Veṇḍū</span> <a name="V2.0254"></a> <span class="bld">ca devā</span>ti veṇḍudevatā ca. <span class="bld">Sahali cā</span>ti sahalidevatā ca. <span class="bld">Asamā ca duve yamā</span>ti asamadevatā ca dve ca yamakā devā. <span class="bld">Candassupanisā devā, candamāguṃ purakkhatvā</span>ti candanissitakā devā candaṃ purato katvā āgatā. Tathā sūriyanissitakā devā sūriyaṃ purakkhatvā. <span class="bld">Nakkhattāni purakkhatvā</span>ti nakkhattanissitāpi devā nakkhattāni purato katvā āgatā. <span class="bld">Āguṃ mandavalāhakā</span>ti vātavalāhakā, abbhavalāhakā, uṇhavalāhakā ete sabbepi valāhakāyikā ‘‘mandavalāhakā’’ nāma vuccanti. Tepi āgatāti attho. <span class="bld">Vasūnaṃ vāsavo seṭṭho, sakkopāgā purindado</span>ti vasūnaṃ devatānaṃ seṭṭho vāsavo yo sakkoti ca, purindadoti ca vuccati, sopi āgato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dasete dasadhā kāyā</span>ti etepi dasa devakāyā dasadhāva āgatā. <span class="bld">Sabbe nānattavaṇṇino</span>ti nīlādivasena nānattavaṇṇā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Athāguṃ sahabhū devā</span>ti atha sahabhū nāma devā āgatā. <span class="bld">Jalamaggisikhārivā</span>ti aggisikhā viya jalantā. Jalamaggi ca sikhārivāti imāni tesaṃ nāmānītipi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ariṭṭhakā ca rojā cā</span>ti ariṭṭhakadevā ca rojadevā ca. <span class="bld">Umāpupphanibhāsino</span>ti <span class="bld">umāpupphadevā</span> nāma ete devā<a name="M2.0284"></a>. Umāpupphasadisā hi tesaṃ sarīrābhā, tasmā ‘‘umāpupphanibhāsino’’ti vuccanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Varuṇā sahadhammā cā</span>ti ete ca dve janā. <span class="bld">Accutā ca anejakā</span>ti accutadevatā ca anejakadevatā ca. <span class="bld">Suleyyarucirā</span> <a name="P2.0691"></a> <span class="bld">āgu</span>nti suleyyā ca rucirā ca āgatā. <span class="bld">Āguṃ vāsavanesino</span>ti vāsavanesīdevā nāma āgatā. <span class="bld">Dasete dasadhā kāyā</span>ti etepi dasadevakāyā dasadhāva āgatā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samānā mahāsamānā</span>ti samānā ca mahāsamānā ca. <span class="bld">Mānusā mānusuttamā</span>ti mānusā ca mānusuttamā ca. <span class="bld">Khiḍḍāpadosikā āguṃ, āguṃ manopadosikā</span>ti khiḍḍāpadosikā manopadosikā ca devā āgatā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Athāguṃ harayo devā</span>ti haridevā nāma āgatā. <span class="bld">Ye ca lohitavāsino</span>ti lohitavāsino ca āgatā. <span class="bld">Pāragā mahāpāragā</span>ti ete ca duvidhā āgatā. <span class="bld">Dasete dasadhā kāyā</span>ti etepi dasadevakāyā dasadhāva āgatā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sukkā</span> <a name="V2.0255"></a> <span class="bld">karambhā aruṇā, āguṃ veghanasā sahā</span>ti ete sukkādayo tayo, tehi saha veghanasā ca āgatā. <span class="bld">Odātagayhā pāmokkhā</span>ti odātagayhā nāma pāmokkhadevā āgatā. <span class="bld">Āguṃ devā vicakkhaṇā</span>ti vicakkhaṇā nāma devā āgatā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sadāmattā hāragajā</span>ti sadāmattā ca hāragajā ca. <span class="bld">Missakā ca yasassino</span>ti yasasampannā missakadevā ca. <span class="bld">Thanayaṃ āga pajjunno</span>ti pajjunno ca devarājā thanayanto āgato. <span class="bld">Yo disā abhivassatī</span>ti yo yaṃ yaṃ disaṃ yāti, tattha tattha devo vassati. <span class="bld">Dasete dasadhā kāyā</span>ti etepi dasadevakāyā dasadhā āgatā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Khemiyā tusitā yāmā</span>ti khemiyā devā tusitapuravāsino ca yāmādevalokavāsino ca. <span class="bld">Kathakā ca yasassino</span>ti yasasampannā kathakadevā ca. Pāḷiyaṃ pana ‘‘kaṭṭhakā cā’’ti likhanti. <span class="bld">Lambītakā lāmaseṭṭhā</span>ti lambitakadevā ca lāmaseṭṭhadevā ca. <span class="bld">Jotināmā ca āsavā</span>ti pabbatamatthake katanaḷaggikkhandho viya jotamānā jotidevā nāma atthi, te ca āsā ca devā āgatāti attho. Pāḷiyaṃ <a name="M2.0285"></a> pana ‘‘jātināmā’’ti likhanti. Āsā devatā chandavasena <span class="bld">āsavā</span>ti vuttā. <span class="bld">Nimmānaratino āguṃ, athāguṃ paranimmitā. Dasete dasadhā kāyā</span>ti etepi dasa devakāyā dasadhāva āgatā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saṭṭhete</span> <a name="P2.0692"></a> <span class="bld">devanikāyā</span>ti ete ca āpo ca devātiādikā cha dasakā saṭṭhi devanikāyā sabbe nīlādivasena nānattavaṇṇino. <span class="bld">Nāmanvayena āgacchu</span>nti nāmabhāgena nāmakoṭṭhāsena āgatā. <span class="bld">Ye caññe sadisā sahā</span>ti ye ca aññepi tehi sadisā vaṇṇatopi nāmatopi etādisāyeva sesacakkavāḷesu devā, tepi āgatāyevāti ekapadeneva kalāpaṃ viya puṭakaṃ viya ca katvā sabbā devatā niddisati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ dasasu lokadhātusahassesu devakāye niddisitvā idāni yadatthaṃ te āgatā, taṃ dassento <span class="bld">pavuṭṭhajāti</span>nti gāthamāha. Tassattho – pavuṭṭhā vigatā jāti assāti ariyasaṅgho pavuṭṭhajāti nāma, <span class="bld">taṃ pavuṭṭhajātiṃ</span> rāgadosamohakhīlānaṃ abhāvā <span class="bld">akhīlaṃ</span> cattāro oghe taritvā ṭhitattā <span class="bld">oghatiṇṇaṃ</span> catunnaṃ āsavānaṃ abhāvena <span class="bld">anāsavaṃ</span> ariyasaṅghaṃ dakkhema passissāma. Tesaññeva oghānaṃ tiṇṇattā <span class="bld">oghataraṃ</span> āguṃ akaraṇato <span class="bld">nāgaṃ. Asitātiga</span>nti kāḷakabhāvātītaṃ candaṃva siriyā virocamānaṃ dasabalañca dakkhema passissāmāti etadatthaṃ sabbepi te nāmanvayena āgacchuṃ, ye caññe sadisā sahāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para341"></a><a name="para341_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">341</span>. Idāni <a name="V2.0256"></a> brahmāno dassento <span class="bld">subrahmā paramatto cā</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">subrahmā</span>ti eko brahmā. Paramattopi brahmāva. <span class="bld">Puttā iddhimato sahā</span>ti ete iddhimato buddhassa bhagavato puttā ariyabrahmāno saheva āgatā. <span class="bld">Sanaṅkumāro tisso cā</span>ti sanaṅkumāro ca tissamahābrahmā ca. <span class="bld">Sopāgā</span>ti sopi āgato.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Sahassaṃ brahmalokānaṃ, mahābrahmābhitiṭṭhati;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Upapanno jutimanto, bhismākāyo yasassi so’’ti. –</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha <a name="M2.0286"></a> <span class="bld">sahassaṃ brahmalokāna</span>nti ekaṅguliyā ekasahassacakkavāḷe dasahi aṅgulīhi dasasahassicakkavāḷe ālokapharaṇasamatthānaṃ mahābrahmānaṃ sahassaṃ āgataṃ. <span class="bld">Mahābrahmābhitiṭṭhatī</span>ti yattha ekeko mahābrahmā aññe brahme abhibhavitvā tiṭṭhati. <span class="bld">Upapanno</span>ti <a name="P2.0693"></a> brahmaloke nibbatto. <span class="bld">Jutimanto</span>ti ānubhāvasampanno. <span class="bld">Bhismākāyo</span>ti mahākāyo, dvīhi tīhi māgadhikehi gāmakkhettehi samappamāṇaattabhāvo. <span class="bld">Yasassiso</span>ti attabhāvasirīsaṅkhātena yasena samannāgato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dasettha issarā āguṃ, paccekavasavattino</span>ti etasmiñca brahmasahasse ye pāṭiyekkaṃ pāṭiyekkaṃ vasaṃ vattenti, evarūpā dasa issarā mahābrahmāno āgatā. <span class="bld">Tesañca majjhato āga, hārito parivārito</span>ti tesaṃ brahmānaṃ majjhe hārito nāma mahābrahmā satasahassabrahmaparivāro āgato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para342"></a><a name="para342_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">342</span>. <span class="bld">Te ca sabbe abhikkante, sainde deve sabrahmake</span>ti te sabbepi sakkaṃ devarājānaṃ jeṭṭhakaṃ katvā āgate devakāye, hāritamahābrahmānaṃ jeṭṭhakaṃ katvā āgate brahmakāye ca. <span class="bld">Mārasenā abhikkāmī</span>ti mārasenā abhigatā. <span class="bld">Passa kaṇhassa mandiya</span>nti kāḷakassa mārasa bālabhāvaṃ passatha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Etha gaṇhatha bandhathā</span>ti evaṃ attano parisaṃ āṇāpesi. <span class="bld">Rāgena baddhamatthu vo</span>ti sabbaṃ vo idaṃ devamaṇḍalaṃ rāgena baddhaṃ hotu. <span class="bld">Samantā parivāretha, mā vo muñcittha koci na</span>nti tumhākaṃ ekopi etesu ekampi mā muñci. ‘‘Mā vo muñcethā’’tipi pāṭho, esevattho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Iti tattha mahāseno, kaṇho senaṃ apesayī</span>ti evaṃ tattha mahāsamaye mahāseno māro mārasenaṃ <a name="V2.0257"></a> apesayi. <span class="bld">Pāṇinā talamāhaccā</span>ti hatthena pathavītalaṃ paharitvā. <span class="bld">Saraṃ katvāna bherava</span>nti māravibhiṃsakadassanatthaṃ bhayānakaṃ sarañca katvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yathā pāvussako megho, thanayanto savijjuko</span>ti savijjuko pāvussakamegho viya mahāgajjitaṃ gajjanto. <span class="bld">Tadā so paccudāvattī</span>ti tasmiṃ samaye so māro taṃ vibhiṃsanakaṃ dassetvā paṭinivatto<a name="M2.0287"></a>. <span class="bld">Saṅkuddho asayaṃ vase</span>ti suṭṭhu kuddho kupito kañci vase vattetuṃ <a name="P2.0694"></a> asakkonto asayaṃvase asayaṃvasī attano vasena akāmako hutvā nivatto. Bhagavā kira ‘‘ayaṃ māro imaṃ mahāsamāgamaṃ disvā ‘abhisamayantarāyaṃ karissāmī’ti antarantare mārasenaṃ pesetvā māraṃ vibhiṃsakaṃ dassetī’’ti aññāsi. Pakati cesā bhagavato, yattha abhisamayo na bhavissati, tattha māraṃ vibhiṃsakaṃ dassentaṃ na nivāreti. Yattha pana abhisamayo hoti, tattha yathā parisā neva mārassa rūpaṃ passati, na saddaṃ suṇāti, evaṃ adhiṭṭhātīti. Imasmiñca samāgame mahābhisamayo bhavissati, tasmā yathā devatā neva tassa rūpaṃ passanti, na saddaṃ suṇanti, evaṃ adhiṭṭhāsi. Tena vuttaṃ –‘‘tadā so paccudāvatti, saṅkuddho asayaṃvase’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para343"></a><a name="para343_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">343</span>. <span class="bld">Tañca sabbaṃ abhiññāya, vavatthitvāna cakkhumā</span>ti taṃ sabbaṃ bhagavā jānitvā vavatthapetvā ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mārasenā abhikkantā, te vijānātha bhikkhavo</span>ti bhikkhave mārasenā abhikkantā, te tumhe attano anurūpaṃ vijānātha, phalasamāpattiṃ samāpajjathāti vadati. <span class="bld">Ātappamakaru</span>nti phalasamāpattiṃ pavisanatthāya vīriyaṃ ārabhiṃsu. <span class="bld">Vītarāgehi pakkāmu</span>nti māro ca mārasenā ca vītarāgehi ariyehi dūratova apakkamuṃ. <span class="bld">Nesaṃ lomāpi iñjayu</span>nti tesaṃ vītarāgānaṃ lomānipi na cālayiṃsu. Atha māro bhikkhusaṅghaṃ ārabbha imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Sabbe vijitasaṅgāmā, bhayātītā yasassino;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Modanti saha bhūtehi, sāvakā te janesutā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">modanti saha bhūtehī</span>ti dasabalassa sāsane bhūtehi sañjātehi ariyehi saddhiṃ modanti pamodanti. <span class="bld">Janesutā</span>ti jane vissutā pākaṭā abhiññātā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idaṃ <a name="V2.0258"></a> pana mahāsamayasuttaṃ nāma devatānaṃ piyaṃ manāpaṃ, tasmā maṅgalaṃ vadantena abhinavaṭṭhānesu idameva suttaṃ vattabbaṃ. Devatā kira –‘‘imaṃ suttaṃ suṇissāmā’’ti <a name="P2.0695"></a> ohitasotā vicaranti. Desanāpariyosāne panassa <a name="M2.0288"></a> koṭisatasahassadevatā arahattaṃ pattā, sotāpannādīnaṃ gaṇanā natthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Devatānañcassa piyamanāpabhāve idaṃ vatthu – koṭipabbatavihāre kira nāgaleṇadvāre nāgarukkhe ekā devadhītā vasati. Eko daharo antoleṇe imaṃ suttaṃ sajjhāyati. Devadhītā sutvā suttapariyosāne mahāsaddena sādhukāramadāsi. Ko esoti. Ahaṃ, bhante, devadhītāti. Kasmā sādhukāramadāsīti? Bhante, dasabalena mahāvane nisīditvā kathitadivase imaṃ suttaṃ sutvā ajja assosiṃ, bhagavatā kathitato ekakkharampi ahāpetvā suggahito ayaṃ dhammo tumhehīti. Dasabalassa kathayato sutaṃ tayāti? Āma, bhanteti. Mahā kira devatāsannipāto ahosi, tvaṃ kattha ṭhitā suṇīti?</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ahaṃ, bhante, mahāvanavāsiyā devatā, mahesakkhāsu pana devatāsu āgacchantīsu jambudīpe okāsaṃ nālatthaṃ, atha imaṃ tambapaṇṇidīpaṃ āgantvā jambukolapaṭṭane ṭhatvā sotuṃ āraddhamhi, tatrāpi mahesakkhāsu devatāsu āgacchantīsu anukkamena paṭikkamamānā rohaṇajanapade mahāgāmassa piṭṭhibhāgato samudde galappamāṇaṃ udakaṃ pavisitvā tattha ṭhitā assosinti. Tuyhaṃ ṭhitaṭṭhānato dūre satthāraṃ passasi devateti? Kiṃ kathetha, bhante, satthā mahāvane dhammaṃ desento nirantaraṃ mamaññeva oloketīti maññamānā otappamānā ūmīsu nilayāmīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Taṃ divasaṃ kira koṭisatasahassadevatā arahattaṃ pattā, tumhepi tadā arahattaṃ pattāti? Natthi, bhante. Anāgāmiphalaṃ pattattha maññeti? Natthi, bhante. Sakadāgāmiphalaṃ pattattha maññeti? Natthi, bhante. Tayo magge pattā devatā kira gaṇanapathaṃ <a name="P2.0696"></a> atītā, sotāpannā jātattha maññeti? Devatā taṃ divasaṃ sotāpattiphalaṃ pattattā harāyamānā –‘‘apucchitabbaṃ pucchati ayyo’’ti āha. Tato naṃ so bhikkhu āha – ‘‘sakkā pana devate, tava attabhāvaṃ amhākaṃ dassetu’’nti? Na sakkā bhante sakalakāyaṃ <a name="M2.0289"></a> dassetuṃ, aṅgulipabbamattaṃ dassessāmi ayyassāti kuñcikachiddena aṅguliṃ antoleṇābhimukhaṃ akāsi, candasahassasūriyasahassauggamanakālo viya ahosi. Devadhītā ‘‘appamattā, bhante, hothā’’ti daharabhikkhuṃ <a name="V2.0259"></a> vanditvā agamāsi. Evaṃ imaṃ suttaṃ devatānaṃ piyaṃ manāpaṃ, mamāyanti naṃ devatāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti sumaṅgalavilāsiniyā dīghanikāyaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</p>
<p class="centered">Mahāsamayasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter"><a name="dn2_8"></a>8. Sakkapañhasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">Nidānavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para344"></a><a name="para344_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">344</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="P3.0697"></a><a name="V2.0260"></a><a name="M2.0290"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti sakkapañhasuttaṃ. Tatrāyamanuttānapadavaṇṇanā – <span class="bld">ambasaṇḍā nāma brāhmaṇagāmo</span>ti so kira gāmo ambasaṇḍānaṃ avidūre niviṭṭho, tasmā ‘‘ambasaṇḍā’’ tveva vuccati. <span class="bld">Vediyake pabbate</span>ti so kira pabbato pabbatapāde jātena maṇivedikāsadisena nīlavanasaṇḍena samantā parikkhitto, tasmā ‘vediyakapabbato’ tveva saṅkhyaṃ gato. <span class="bld">Indasālaguhāya</span>nti pubbepi sā dvinnaṃ pabbatānaṃ antare guhā, indasālarukkho cassā dvāre, tasmā ‘indasālaguhā’ti saṅkhyaṃ gatā. Atha naṃ kuṭṭehi parikkhipitvā dvāravātapānāni yojetvā supariniṭṭhitasudhākammamālākammalatākammavicittaṃ leṇaṃ katvā bhagavato adaṃsu. Purimavohāravasena pana ‘‘indasālaguhā’’ tveva naṃ sañjānanti. Taṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ ‘indasālaguhāya’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ussukkaṃ udapādī</span>ti dhammiko ussāho uppajji. Nanu ca esa abhiṇhadassāvī bhagavato, na so devatāsannipāto nāma atthi, yatthāyaṃ na āgatapubbo, sakkena sadiso appamādavihārī devaputto nāma natthi. Atha kasmā buddhadassanaṃ anāgatapubbassa viya assa ussāho udapādīti? Maraṇabhayena santajjitattā. Tasmiṃ kirassa samaye āyu parikkhīṇo, so pañca pubbanimittāni disvā ‘‘parikkhīṇo <a name="P3.0698"></a> dāni me āyū’’ti aññāsi. Yesañca devaputtānaṃ maraṇanimittāni āvi bhavanti, tesu ye parittakena puññakammena devaloke nibbattā, te ‘‘kuhiṃ nu kho idāni nibbattissāmā’’ti bhayaṃ santāsaṃ āpajjanti. Ye katabhīruttānā bahuṃ puññaṃ katvā nibbattā, te attanā dinnadānaṃ rakkhitasīlaṃ bhāvitabhāvanañca āgamma ‘‘uparidevaloke sampattiṃ anubhavissāmā’’ti na bhāyanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sakko <a name="V2.0261"></a> pana devarājā pubbanimittāni disvā dasayojanasahassaṃ devanagaraṃ, yojanasahassubbedhaṃ vejayantaṃ, tiyojanasatikaṃ sudhammadevasabhaṃ, yojanasatubbedhaṃ pāricchattakaṃ, saṭṭhiyojanikaṃ paṇḍukambalasilaṃ, aḍḍhatiyā nāṭakakoṭiyo dvīsu devalokesu devaparisaṃ, nandanavanaṃ, cittalatāvanaṃ<a name="M2.0291"></a>, missakavanaṃ, phārusakavananti etaṃ sabbasampattiṃ oloketvā ‘‘nassati vata bho me ayaṃ sampattī’’ti bhayābhibhūto ahosi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tato ‘‘atthi nu kho koci samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā lokapitāmaho mahābrahmā vā, yo me hadayanissitaṃ sokasallaṃ samuddharitvā imaṃ sampattiṃ thāvaraṃ kareyyā’’ti olokento kañci adisvā puna addasa ‘‘mādisānaṃ satasahassānampi uppannaṃ sokasallaṃ sammāsambuddho uddharituṃ paṭibalo’’ti. Athevaṃ parivitakkentassa tena kho pana samayena sakkassa devānamindassa ussukkaṃ udapādi bhagavantaṃ dassanāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kahaṃ nu kho bhagavā etarahi viharatī</span>ti katarasmiṃ janapade kataraṃ nagaraṃ upanissāya kassa paccaye paribhuñjanto kassa amataṃ dhammaṃ desayamāno viharatīti. <span class="bld">Addasā kho</span>ti addakkhi paṭivijjhi. <span class="bld">Mārisā</span>ti piyavacanametaṃ, devatānaṃ pāṭiyekko vohāro. Niddukkhātipi vuttaṃ hoti. Kasmā panesa deve āmantesi? Sahāyatthāya. Pubbe kiresa bhagavati saḷalaghare viharante ekakova dassanāya agamāsi. Satthā ‘‘aparipakkaṃ tāvassa ñāṇaṃ, katipāhaṃ pana atikkamitvā mayi indasālaguhāyaṃ viharante pañca pubbanimittāni disvā maraṇabhayabhīto dvīsu devalokesu devatāhi saddhiṃ upasaṅkamitvā cuddasa pañhe pucchitvā upekkhāpañhavissajjanāvasāne asītiyā devatāsahassehi saddhiṃ sotāpattiphale patiṭṭhahissatī’’ti cintetvā okāsaṃ nākāsi. So ‘‘mama pubbepi <a name="P3.0699"></a> ekakassa gatattā satthārā okāso na kato, addhā me natthi maggaphalassa upanissayo, ekassa pana upanissaye sati cakkavāḷapariyantāyapi parisāya bhagavā dhammaṃ desetiyeva. Avassaṃ kho pana dvīsu devalokesu kassaci devassa upanissayo bhavissati, taṃ sandhāya satthā dhammaṃ desessati. Taṃ sutvā ahampi attano domanassaṃ vūpasamessāmī’’ti cintetvā sahāyatthāya āmantesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evaṃ bhaddaṃ tavāti kho devā tāvatiṃsā</span>ti evaṃ hotu mahārāja, gacchāma bhagavantaṃ dassanāya, dullabho buddhuppādo, bhaddaṃ tava, yo tvaṃ ‘‘pabbatakīḷaṃ nadīkīḷaṃ gacchāmā’’ti avatvā <a name="V2.0262"></a> amhe evarūpesu ṭhānesu niyojesīti. <span class="bld">Paccassosu</span>nti tassa vacanaṃ sirasā sampaṭicchiṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para345"></a><a name="para345_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">345</span>. <span class="bld">Pañcasikhaṃ</span> <a name="M2.0292"></a> <span class="bld">gandhabbadevaputtaṃ āmantesī</span>ti deve tāva āmantetu, imaṃ kasmā visuṃ āmantesi? Okāsakaraṇatthaṃ. Evaṃ kirassa ahosi ‘‘dvīsu devalokesu devatā gahetvā dhurena paharantassa viya satthāraṃ upasaṅkamituṃ na yuttaṃ, ayaṃ pana pañcasikho dasabalassa upaṭṭhāko vallabho icchiticchitakkhaṇe gantvā pañhaṃ pucchitvā dhammaṃ suṇāti, imaṃ purato pesetvā okāsaṃ kāretvā iminā katokāse upasaṅkamitvā pañhaṃ pucchissāmī’’ti okāsakaraṇatthaṃ āmantesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evaṃ bhaddaṃ tavā</span>ti so ‘‘evaṃ mahārāja, hotu, bhaddaṃ tava, yo tvaṃ maṃ ‘ehi, mārisa, uyyānakīḷādīni vā naṭasamajjādīni vā dassanāya gacchāmā’ti avatvā ‘buddhaṃ passissāma, dhammaṃ sossāmā’ti vadasī’’ti daḷhataraṃ upatthambhento devānamindassa vacanaṃ paṭissutvā anucariyaṃ sahacaraṇaṃ ekato gamanaṃ upāgami.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">beluvapaṇḍu</span>nti beluvapakkaṃ viya paṇḍuvaṇṇaṃ. Tassa kira sovaṇṇamayaṃ pokkharaṃ, indanīlamayo daṇḍo, rajatamayā tantiyo, pavāḷamayā veṭhakā, vīṇāpattakaṃ gāvutaṃ, tantibandhanaṭṭhānaṃ gāvutaṃ, upari daṇḍako gāvutanti tigāvutappamāṇā vīṇā. Iti so taṃ vīṇaṃ ādāya samapaññāsamucchanā mucchetvā agganakhehi paharitvā madhuraṃ gītassaraṃ nicchāretvā sesadeve sakkassa gamanakālaṃ <a name="P3.0700"></a> jānāpento ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Evaṃ tassa gītavāditasaññāya sannipatite devagaṇe <span class="bld">atha kho sakko devānamindo…pe… vediyake pabbate paccuṭṭhāsi. </span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para346"></a><a name="para346_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">346</span>. <span class="bld">Atiriva obhāsajāto</span>ti aññesu divasesu ekasseva devassa vā mārassa vā brahmuno vā obhāsena obhāsajāto hoti, taṃdivasaṃ pana dvīsu devalokesu devatānaṃ obhāsena atiriva obhāsajāto ekapajjoto sahassacandasūriyauggatakālasadiso ahosi. <span class="bld">Parito gāmesu manussā</span>ti samantā gāmesu manussā. Pakatisāyamāsakāleyeva kira gāmamajjhe dārakesu kīḷantesu tattha sakko agamāsi, tasmā manussā passitvā evamāhaṃsu. Nanu ca majjhimayāme devatā bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamanti, ayaṃ kasmā <a name="M2.0293"></a> paṭhamayāmassāpi purimabhāgeyeva āgatoti? Maraṇabhayeneva tajjitattā. <span class="bld">Kiṃsu nāmā</span>ti kiṃsu nāma bho etaṃ, ko nu kho ajja mahesakkho devo vā brahmā vā bhagavantaṃ pañhaṃ pucchituṃ dhammaṃ sotuṃ upasaṅkamanto, kathaṃsu <a name="V2.0263"></a> nāma bho bhagavā pañhaṃ vissajjessati dhammaṃ desessati, lābhā amhākaṃ, yesaṃ no evaṃ devatānaṃ kaṅkhāvinodako satthā avidūre vihāre vasati, ye labhāma thālakabhikkhampi kaṭacchubhikkhampi dātunti saṃviggā lomahaṭṭhajātā uddhaggalomā hutvā dasanakhasamodhānasamujjalaṃ añjaliṃ sirasmiṃ patiṭṭhapetvā namassamānā aṭṭhaṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para347"></a><a name="para347_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">347</span>. <span class="bld">Durupasaṅkamā</span>ti dupayirupāsiyā. Ahaṃ sarāgo sadoso samoho, satthā vītarāgo vītadoso vītamoho, tasmā dupayirupāsiyā tathāgatā mādisena. <span class="bld">Jhāyī</span>ti lakkhaṇūpanijjhānena ca ārammaṇūpanijjhānena ca jhāyī. Tasmiññeva jhāne ratāti <span class="bld">jhānaratā. Tadantaraṃ paṭisallīnā</span>ti tadantaraṃ paṭisallīnā sampati paṭisallīnā vā. Tasmā na kevalaṃ jhāyī jhānaratāti durupasaṅkamā, idānimeva paṭisallīnātipi durupasaṅkamā. <span class="bld">Pasādeyyāsī</span>ti ārādheyyāsi, okāsaṃ me kāretvā dadeyyāsīti vadati. <span class="bld">Beluvapaṇḍuvīṇaṃ ādāyā</span>ti nanu pubbeva ādinnāti? Āma<a name="P3.0701"></a>, ādinnā. Maggagamanavasena pana aṃsakūṭe laggitā, idāni naṃ vāmahatthe ṭhapetvā vādanasajjaṃ katvā ādiyi. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘ādāyā’’ti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Pañcasikhagītagāthāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para348"></a><a name="para348_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">348</span>. <span class="bld">Assāvesī</span>ti sāvesi. <span class="bld">Buddhūpasañhitā</span>ti buddhaṃ ārabbha buddhaṃ nissayaṃ katvā pavattāti attho. Sesapadesupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vande te pitaraṃ bhadde, timbaruṃ sūriyavacchase</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">sūriyavacchasā</span>ti sūriyasamānasarīrā. Tassā kira devadhītāya pādantato rasmi uṭṭhahitvā kesantaṃ ārohati, tasmā bālasūriyamaṇḍalasadisā khāyati, iti naṃ ‘‘sūriyavacchasā’’ti sañjānanti. Taṃ sandhāyāha – ‘‘bhadde, sūriyavacchase, tava pitaraṃ timbaruṃ gandhabbadevarājānaṃ vandāmī’’ti. <span class="bld">Yena jātāsi kalyāṇī</span>ti yena <a name="M2.0294"></a> kāraṇabhūtena yaṃ timbaruṃ devarājānaṃ nissāya tvaṃ jātā, kalyāṇī sabbaṅgasobhanā. <span class="bld">Ānandajananī mamā</span>ti mayhaṃ pītisomanassavaḍḍhanī.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vātova sedataṃ kanto</span>ti yathā sañjātasedānaṃ sedaharaṇatthaṃ vāto iṭṭho hoti kanto manāpo, evanti attho. <span class="bld">Pānīyaṃva pipāsato</span>ti pātumicchantassa pipāsato pipāsābhibhūtassa. <span class="bld">Aṅgīrasī</span>ti aṅge rasmiyo assāti aṅgīrasī, tameva ārabbha ālapanto vadati. <span class="bld">Dhammo arahatāmivā</span>ti arahantānaṃ navalokuttaradhammo viya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Jighacchato</span>ti <a name="V2.0264"></a> bhuñjitukāmassa khudābhibhūtassa. <span class="bld">Jalantamiva vārinā</span>ti yathā koci jalantaṃ jātavedaṃ udakakumbhena nibbāpeyya, evaṃ tava kāraṇā uppannaṃ mama kāmarāgapariḷāhaṃ nibbāpehīti vadati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yuttaṃ kiñjakkhareṇunā</span>ti padumakesarareṇunā yuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Nāgo ghammābhitatto vā</span>ti ghammābhitattahatthī viya. <span class="bld">Ogāhe te thanūdara</span>nti yathā so nāgo pokkharaṇiṃ ogāhitvā pivitvā aggasoṇḍamattaṃ paññāyamānaṃ katvā nimuggo sukhaṃ sātaṃ vindati, evaṃ kadā nu kho te thanūdaraṃ thanavemajjhaṃ <a name="P3.0702"></a> udarañca otaritvā ahaṃ sukhaṃ sātaṃ paṭilabhissāmīti vadati.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Accaṅkusova nāgova, jitaṃ me tuttatomaraṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Kāraṇaṃ nappajānāmi, sammatto lakkhaṇūruyā’’ti. –</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha <span class="bld">tuttaṃ</span> vuccati kaṇṇamūle vijjhanaayadaṇḍako. <span class="bld">Tomara</span>nti pādādīsu vijjhanadaṇḍatomaraṃ. <span class="bld">Aṅkuso</span>ti matthake vijjhanakuṭilakaṇṭako. Yo ca nāgo pabhinnamatto accaṅkuso hoti, aṅkusaṃ atīto; aṅkusena vijjhiyamānopi vasaṃ na gacchati, so ‘‘jitaṃ mayā tuttatomaraṃ, yo ahaṃ aṅkusassapi vasaṃ na gacchāmī’’ti madadappena kiñci kāraṇaṃ na bujjhati. Yathā so accaṅkuso nāgo ‘‘jitaṃ me tuttatomara’’nti kiñci kāraṇaṃ nappajānāti, evaṃ ahampi lakkhaṇasampannaūrutāya lakkhaṇūruyā sammatto matto pamatto ummatto viya kiñci kāraṇaṃ nappajānāmīti vadati. Atha vā accaṅkusova nāgo ahampi sammatto lakkhaṇūruyā kiñci tato <a name="M2.0295"></a> virāgakāraṇaṃ nappajānāmi. Kasmā? Yasmā tena nāgena viya jitaṃ me tuttatomaraṃ, na kassaci vadato vacanaṃ ādiyāmi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tayi gedhitacittosmī</span>ti bhadde lakkhaṇūru tayi baddhacittosmi. <span class="bld">Gedhitacitto</span>ti vā gedhaṃ ajjhupetacitto. <span class="bld">Cittaṃ vipariṇāmita</span>nti pakatiṃ jahitvā ṭhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭigantuṃ na sakkomī</span>ti nivattituṃ na sakkomi. <span class="bld">Vaṅkaghastova ambujo</span>ti baḷisaṃ gilitvā ṭhitamaccho viya. ‘‘Ghaso’’tipi pāṭho, ayamevattho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vāmūrū</span>ti vāmākārena saṇṭhitaūru, kadalikkhandhasadisaūrūti vā attho. <span class="bld">Sajā</span>ti āliṅga. <span class="bld">Mandalocane</span>ti itthiyo na tikhiṇaṃ nijjhāyanti mandaṃ ālocenti olokenti, tasmā <a name="V2.0265"></a> ‘‘mandalocanā’’ti vuccanti. <span class="bld">Palissajā</span>ti sabbatobhāgena āliṅga. <span class="bld">Etaṃ me abhipatthita</span>nti etaṃ mayā abhiṇhaṃ patthitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Appako vata me santo</span>ti pakatiyāva mando samāno. <span class="bld">Vellitakesiyā</span>ti kesā muñcitvā piṭṭhiyaṃ vissaṭṭhakāle sappo <a name="P3.0703"></a> viya vellantā gacchantā assāti vellitakesī, tassā vellitakesiyā. <span class="bld">Anekabhāvo samuppādī</span>ti anekavidho jāto. <span class="bld">Anekabhāgo</span>ti vā pāṭho. <span class="bld">Arahanteva dakkhiṇā</span>ti arahantamhi dinnadānaṃ viya nānappakārato pabhinno.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yaṃ me atthi kataṃ puñña</span>nti yaṃ mayā kataṃ puññamatthi. <span class="bld">Arahantesu tādisū</span>ti tādilakkhaṇappattesu arahantesu. <span class="bld">Tayā saddhiṃ vipaccata</span>nti sabbaṃ tayā saddhimeva vipākaṃ detu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekodī</span>ti ekībhāvaṃ gato. <span class="bld">Nipako sato</span>ti nepakkaṃ vuccati paññā, tāya samannāgatoti nipako. Satiyā samannāgatattā sato. <span class="bld">Amataṃ muni jigīsāno</span>ti yathā so buddhamuni amataṃ nibbānaṃ jigīsati pariyesati, evaṃ taṃ ahaṃ sūriyavacchase jigīsāmi pariyesāmi. Yathā vā so amataṃ jigīsāno esanto gavesanto vicarati, evāhaṃ taṃ esanto gavesanto vicarāmītipi attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yathāpi muni nandeyya, patvā sambodhimuttama</span>nti yathā buddhamuni bodhipallaṅke nisinno sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ patvā nandeyya toseyya. <span class="bld">Evaṃ nandeyya</span>nti <a name="M2.0296"></a> evameva ahampi tayā missībhāvaṃ gato nandeyyaṃ, pītisomanassajāto bhaveyyanti vadati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tāhaṃ bhadde vareyyāhe</span>ti <span class="bld">ahe</span>ti āmantanaṃ, ahe bhadde sūriyavacchase, sakkena devānamindena ‘‘kiṃ dvīsu devalokesu devarajjaṃ gaṇhasi, suriyavacchasa’’nti, evaṃ vare dinne devarajjaṃ pahāya ‘‘sūriyavacchasaṃ gaṇhāmī’’ti evaṃ taṃ ahaṃ vareyyaṃ iccheyyaṃ gaṇheyyanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sālaṃva na ciraṃ phulla</span>nti tava pitu nagaradvāre naciraṃ pupphito sālo atthi. So ativiya manoharo. Taṃ naciraṃ phullasālaṃ viya. <span class="bld">Pitaraṃ te sumedhase</span>ti atisassirīkaṃ tava pitaraṃ <span class="bld">vandamāno namassāmi</span> namo karomi. <span class="bld">Yassāsetādisī pajā</span>ti yassa āsi etādisī dhītā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para349"></a><a name="para349_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">349</span>. <span class="bld">Saṃsandatī</span>ti <a name="V2.0266"></a> kasmā gītasaddassa ceva vīṇāsaddassa <a name="P3.0704"></a> ca vaṇṇaṃ kathesi? Kiṃ tattha bhagavato sārāgo atthīti? Natthi. Chaḷaṅgupekkhāya upekkhako bhagavā etādisesu ṭhānesu, kevalaṃ iṭṭhāniṭṭhaṃ jānāti, na tattha rajjati. Vuttampi cetaṃ ‘‘saṃvijjati kho, āvuso, bhagavato cakkhu, passati bhagavā cakkhunā rūpaṃ, chandarāgo bhagavato natthi, suvimuttacitto bhagavā. Saṃvijjati kho, āvuso, bhagavato sota’’ntiādi (saṃ. ni. 4.232). Sace pana vaṇṇaṃ na katheyya, pañcasikho ‘‘okāso me kato’’ti na jāneyya. Atha sakko ‘‘bhagavatā pañcasikhassa okāso na kato’’ti devatā gahetvā tatova paṭinivatteyya, tato mahājāniyo bhaveyya. Vaṇṇe pana kathite ‘‘kato bhagavatā pañcasikhassa okāso’’ti devatāhi saddhiṃ upasaṅkamitvā pañhaṃ pucchitvā vissajjanāvasāne asītiyā devatāsahassehi saddhiṃ sotāpattiphale patiṭṭhahissatīti ñatvā vaṇṇaṃ kathesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">kadā saṃyūḷhā</span>ti kadā ganthitā piṇḍitā. <span class="bld">Tena kho panāhaṃ, bhante, samayenā</span>ti tena samayena tasmiṃ tumhākaṃ sambodhippattito paṭṭhāya aṭṭhame sattāhe. <span class="bld">Bhaddā nāma sūriyavacchasā</span>ti nāmato bhaddā sarīrasampattiyā sūriyavacchasā. <span class="bld">Bhaginī</span>ti vohāravacanametaṃ, devadhītāti attho. <span class="bld">Parakāminī</span>ti paraṃ kāmeti abhikaṅkhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upanaccantiyā</span>ti <a name="M2.0297"></a> naccamānāya. Sā kira ekasmiṃ samaye cātumahārājikadevehi saddhiṃ sakkassa devarājassa naccaṃ dassanatthāya gatā, tasmiñca khaṇe sakko tathāgatassa aṭṭha yathābhucce guṇe payirudāhāsi. Evaṃ tasmiṃ divase gantvā naccantī assosi.</p>
<p class="subhead">Sakkūpasaṅkamavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para350"></a><a name="para350_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">350</span>. <span class="bld">Paṭisammodatī</span>ti ‘‘saṃsandati kho te’’tiādīni vadanto bhagavā sammodati, pañcasikho paṭisammodati. Gāthā ca bhāsanto pañcasikho sammodati, bhagavā paṭisammodati. <span class="bld">Āmantesī</span>ti jānāpesi. Tassa kirevaṃ ahosi ‘‘ayaṃ pañcasikho mayā mama kammena pesito attano kammaṃ karoti. Evarūpassa satthu santike ṭhatvā kāmaguṇūpasañhitaṃ ananucchavikaṃ kathesi, naṭā nāma nillajjā honti, kathento vippakārampi dasseyya, handa naṃ mama kammaṃ jānāpemī’’ti cintetvā āmantesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para351"></a><a name="para351_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">351</span>. <span class="bld">Evañca</span> <a name="P3.0705"></a><a name="V2.0267"></a> <span class="bld">pana tathāgatā</span>ti dhammasaṅgāhakattherehi ṭhapitavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Abhivadantī</span>ti abhivādanasampaṭicchanena vaḍḍhitavacanena vadanti. <span class="bld">Abhivadito</span>ti vaḍḍhitavacanena vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Urundā samapādī</span>ti mahantā vivaṭā ahosi, andhakāro guhāyaṃ antaradhāyi. <span class="bld">Āloko udapādī</span>ti yo pakatiyā guhāyaṃ andhakāro, so antarahito, āloko jāto. Sabbametaṃ dhammasaṅgāhakānaṃ vacanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para352"></a><a name="para352_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">352</span>. <span class="bld">Cirapaṭikāhaṃ, bhante</span>ti cirato ahaṃ, cirato paṭṭhāyāhaṃ dassanakāmoti attho. <span class="bld">Kehici kehici kiccakaraṇīyehī</span>ti devānaṃ dhītā ca puttā ca aṅke nibbattanti, pādaparicārikā itthiyo sayane nibbattanti, tāsaṃ maṇḍanapasādhanakārikā devatā sayanaṃ parivāretvā nibbattanti, veyyāvaccakarā antovimāne nibbattanti, etesaṃ atthāya aḍḍakaraṇaṃ nāma natthi. Ye pana sīmantare nibbattanti, te ‘‘tava santakā, mama santakā’’ti nicchetuṃ asakkontā aḍḍaṃ karonti, sakkaṃ devarājānaṃ pucchanti. So ‘‘yassa vimānaṃ āsannataraṃ, tassa santakā’’ti vadati. Sace <a name="M2.0298"></a> dvepi samaṭṭhāne honti, ‘‘yassa vimānaṃ olokentī ṭhitā, tassa santakā’’ti vadati. Sace ekampi na oloketi, taṃ ubhinnaṃ kalahupacchedanatthaṃ attano santakaṃ karoti. Kīḷādīnipi kiccāni karaṇīyāneva. Evarūpāni tāni karaṇīyāni sandhāya ‘‘kehici kehici kiccakaraṇīyehī’’ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Salaḷāgārake</span>ti salaḷamayagandhakuṭiyaṃ. <span class="bld">Aññatarena samādhinā</span>ti tadā kira bhagavā sakkasseva aparipākagataṃ ñāṇaṃ viditvā okāsaṃ akāretukāmo phalasamāpattivihārena nisīdi. Taṃ esa ajānanto ‘‘aññatarena samādhinā’’ti āha. <span class="bld">Bhūjati ca nāmā</span>ti <span class="bld">bhūjatī</span>ti tassā nāmaṃ. <span class="bld">Paricārikā</span>ti pādaparicārikā devadhītā. Sā kira dve phalāni pattā, tenassā devaloke abhiratiyeva natthi. Niccaṃ bhagavato upaṭṭhānaṃ āgantvā añjaliṃ sirasi ṭhapetvā bhagavantaṃ namassamānā tiṭṭhati. <span class="bld">Nemisaddena tamhā samādhimhā vuṭṭhito</span>ti ‘‘samāpanno saddaṃ suṇātī’’ti no vata re vattabbe, nanu bhagavā sakkassa devānamindassa <a name="P3.0706"></a> ‘‘apicāhaṃ āyasmato cakkanemisaddena tamhā samādhimhā vuṭṭhito’’ti bhaṇatīti. Tiṭṭhatu nemisaddo, samāpanno nāma antosamāpattiyaṃ kaṇṇamūle dhamamānassa saṅkhayugaḷassāpi asanisannipātassāpi saddaṃ na suṇāti. Bhagavā pana ‘‘ettakaṃ kālaṃ sakkassa okāsaṃ na karissāmī’’ti paricchinditvā kālavasena phalasamāpattiṃ samāpanno. Sakko ‘‘na dāni me satthā okāsaṃ karotī’’ti gandhakuṭiṃ padakkhiṇaṃ katvā rathaṃ nivattetvā devalokābhimukhaṃ pesesi. Gandhakuṭipariveṇaṃ <a name="V2.0268"></a> rathasaddena samohitaṃ pañcaṅgikatūriyaṃ viya ahosi. Bhagavato yathāparicchinnakālavasena samāpattito vuṭṭhitassa rathasaddeneva paṭhamāvajjanaṃ uppajji, tasmā evamāha.</p>
<p class="subhead">Gopakavatthuvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para353"></a><a name="para353_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">353</span>. <span class="bld">Sīlesu paripūrakārinī</span>ti pañcasu sīlesu paripūrakārinī. <span class="bld">Itthittaṃ virājetvā</span>ti itthittaṃ nāma alaṃ, na hi itthitte ṭhatvā cakkavattisiriṃ, na sakkamārabrahmasiriyo paccanubhavituṃ, na paccekabodhiṃ, na sammāsambodhiṃ gantuṃ sakkāti evaṃ itthittaṃ virājeti nāma. Mahantamidaṃ purisattaṃ nāma seṭṭhaṃ uttamaṃ, ettha ṭhatvā sakkā etā sampattiyo pāpuṇitunti evaṃ <a name="M2.0299"></a> pana purisattaṃ bhāveti nāma. Sāpi evamakāsi. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘itthittaṃ virājetvā purisattaṃ bhāvetvā’’ti. <span class="bld">Hīnaṃ gandhabbakāya</span>nti hīnaṃ lāmakaṃ gandhabbanikāyaṃ. Kasmā pana te parisuddhasīlā tattha uppannāti? Pubbanikantiyā. Pubbepi kira nesaṃ etadeva vasitaṭṭhānaṃ, tasmā nikantivasena tattha uppannā. <span class="bld">Upaṭṭhāna</span>nti upaṭṭhānasālaṃ. <span class="bld">Pāricariya</span>nti paricaraṇabhāvaṃ. Gītavāditehi amhe paricarissāmāti āgacchanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭicodesī</span>ti sāresi. So kira te disvā ‘‘ime devaputtā ativiya virocenti ativaṇṇavanto, kiṃ nu kho kammaṃ katvā āgatā’’ti āvajjanto ‘‘bhikkhū ahesu’’nti addasa. Tato ‘‘bhikkhū hontu, sīlesu paripūrakārino’’ti upadhārento ‘‘paripūrakārino’’ti addasa. ‘‘Paripūrakārino hontu, añño guṇo atthi <a name="P3.0707"></a> natthī’’ti upadhārento ‘‘jhānalābhino’’ti addasa. ‘‘Jhānalābhino hontu, kuhiṃ vāsikā’’ti upadhārento ‘‘mayhaṃva kulūpakā’’ti addasa. Parisuddhasīlā nāma chasu devalokesu yatthicchanti, tattha nibbattanti. Ime pana uparidevaloke ca na nibbattā. Jhānalābhino nāma brahmaloke nibbattanti, ime ca brahmaloke na nibbattā. Ahaṃ pana etesaṃ ovāde ṭhatvā devalokasāmikassa sakkassa devānamindassa pallaṅke putto hutvā nibbatto, ime hīne gandhabbakāye nibbattā. Aṭṭhivedhapuggalā nāmete vaṭṭetvā vaṭṭetvā gāḷhaṃ vijjhitabbāti cintetvā <span class="bld">kutomukhā nāmā</span>tiādīhi vacanehi paṭicodesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">kutomukhā</span>ti bhagavati abhimukhe dhammaṃ desente tumhe kutomukhā kiṃ aññā vihitā ito cito ca olokayamānā udāhu niddāyamānā? <span class="bld">Duddiṭṭharūpa</span>nti duddiṭṭhasabhāvaṃ daṭṭhuṃ ayuttaṃ<a name="V2.0269"></a>. <span class="bld">Sahadhammike</span>ti ekassa satthu sāsane samāciṇṇadhamme katapuññe. <span class="bld">Tesaṃ bhante</span>ti tesaṃ gopakena devaputtena evaṃ vatvā puna ‘‘aho tumhe nillajjā ahirikā’’tiādīhi vacanehi paṭicoditānaṃ dve devā diṭṭheva dhamme satiṃ paṭilabhiṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāyaṃ brahmapurohita</span>nti te kira cintayiṃsu – ‘‘naṭehi nāma naccantehi gāyantehi vādentehi āgantvā dāyo nāma labhitabbo assa, ayaṃ pana <a name="M2.0300"></a> amhākaṃ diṭṭhakālato paṭṭhāya pakkhittaloṇaṃ uddhanaṃ viya taṭataṭāyateva, kiṃ nu kho ida’’nti āvajjantā attano samaṇabhāvaṃ parisuddhasīlataṃ jhānalābhitaṃ tasseva kulūpakabhāvañca disvā ‘‘parisuddhasīlā nāma chasu devalokesu yathārucite ṭhāne nibbattanti, jhānalābhino brahmaloke. Mayaṃ uparidevalokepi brahmalokepi nibbattituṃ nāsakkhimha. Amhākaṃ ovāde ṭhatvā ayaṃ itthikā upari nibbattā, mayaṃ bhikkhū samānā bhagavati brahmacariyaṃ caritvā hīne gandhabbakāye nibbattā. Tena no ayaṃ evaṃ niggaṇhātī’’ti ñatvā tassa kathaṃ suṇantāyeva tesu dve janā paṭhamajjhānasatiṃ paṭilabhitvā jhānaṃ pādakaṃ katvā saṅkhāre sammasantā anāgāmiphaleyeva patiṭṭhahiṃsu. Atha nesaṃ so paritto <a name="P3.0708"></a> kāmāvacarattabhāvo dhāretuṃ nāsakkhi. Tasmā tāvadeva cavitvā brahmapurohitesu nibbattā. So ca nesaṃ kāyo tattha ṭhitānaṃyeva nibbatto. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘tesaṃ, bhante, gopakena devaputtena paṭicoditānaṃ dve devā diṭṭheva dhamme satiṃ paṭilabhiṃsu kāyaṃ brahmapurohita’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">diṭṭheva dhamme</span>ti tasmiññeva attabhāve jhānasatiṃ paṭilabhiṃsu. Tattheva ṭhatvā cutā pana kāyaṃ brahmapurohitaṃ brahmapurohitasarīraṃ paṭilabhiṃsūti evamattho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Eko pana devo</span>ti eko devaputto nikantiṃ chindituṃ asakkonto kāme ajjhavasi, tattheva āvāsiko ahosi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para354"></a><a name="para354_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">354</span>. <span class="bld">Saṅghañcupaṭṭhāsi</span>nti saṅghañca upaṭṭhāsiṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sudhammatāyā</span>ti dhammassa sundarabhāvena. <span class="bld">Tidivūpapanno</span>ti tidive tidasapure upapanno. <span class="bld">Gandhabbakāyūpagate vasīne</span>ti gandhabbakāyaṃ āvāsiko hutvā upagate. <span class="bld">Ye ca mayaṃ pubbe manussabhūtā</span>ti ye pubbe manussabhūtā mayaṃ annena pānena upaṭṭhahimhāti iminā saddhiṃ yojetvā attho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pādūpasaṅgayhā</span>ti <a name="V2.0270"></a> pāde upasaṅgayha pādadhovanapādamakkhanānuppadānena pūjetvā ceva vanditvā ca. <span class="bld">Sake nivesane</span>ti attano ghare. Imassāpi padassa upaṭṭhahimhāti imināva sambandho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paccattaṃ veditabbo</span>ti attanāva veditabbo. <span class="bld">Ariyāna subhāsitānī</span>ti tumhehi vuccamānāni buddhānaṃ bhagavantānaṃ subhāsitāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tumhe</span> <a name="M2.0301"></a> <span class="bld">pana seṭṭhamupāsamānā</span>ti uttamaṃ buddhaṃ bhagavantaṃ upāsamānā anuttare buddhasāsane vā. <span class="bld">Brahmacariya</span>nti seṭṭhacariyaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhavatūpapattī</span>ti bhavantānaṃ upapatti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Agāre vasato mayha</span>nti gharamajjhe vasantassa mayhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Svajjā</span>ti so ajja. <span class="bld">Gotamasāvakenā</span>ti idha gopako gotamasāvakoti vutto. <span class="bld">Sameccā</span>ti samāgantvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Handa</span> <a name="P3.0709"></a> <span class="bld">viyāyāma byāyāmā</span>ti handa uyyamāma byāyamāma. <span class="bld">Mā no mayaṃ parapessā ahumhā</span>ti <span class="bld">no</span>ti nipātamattaṃ, mā mayaṃ parassa pesanakārakāva ahumhāti attho. <span class="bld">Gotamasāsanānī</span>ti idha pakatiyā paṭividdhaṃ paṭhamajjhānameva gotamasāsanānīti vuttaṃ, taṃ anussaraṃ anussaritvāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cittāni virājayitvā</span>ti pañcakāmaguṇikacittāni virājayitvā. <span class="bld">Kāmesu ādīnava</span>nti vikkhambhanavasena paṭhamajjhānena kāmesu ādīnavaṃ addasaṃsu, samucchedavasena tatiyamaggena. <span class="bld">Kāmasaṃyojanabandhanānī</span>ti kāmasaññojanāni ca kāmabandhanāni ca. <span class="bld">Pāpimayogānī</span>ti pāpimato mārassa yogabhūtāni, bandhanabhūtānīti attho. <span class="bld">Duraccayānī</span>ti duratikkamāni. <span class="bld">Saindā devā sapajāpatikā</span>ti indaṃ jeṭṭhakaṃ katvā upaviṭṭhā saindā pajāpatiṃ devarājānaṃ jeṭṭhakaṃ katvā upaviṭṭhā sapajāpatikā. <span class="bld">Sabhāyupaviṭṭhā</span>ti sabhāyaṃ upaviṭṭhā, nisinnāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vīrā</span>ti sūrā. <span class="bld">Virāgā</span>ti vītarāgā. <span class="bld">Virajaṃ karontā</span>ti virajaṃ anāgāmimaggaṃ karontā uppādentā. <span class="bld">Nāgova sannāni guṇānī</span>ti kāmasaññojanabandhanāni chetvā deve tāvatiṃse atikkamiṃsu. <span class="bld">Saṃvegajātassā</span>ti jātasaṃvegassa sakkassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāmābhibhū</span>ti <a name="V2.0271"></a> duvidhānampi kāmānaṃ abhibhū. <span class="bld">Satiyā vihīnā</span>ti jhānasativirahitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tiṇṇaṃ tesa</span>nti tesu tīsu janesu. <span class="bld">Āvasinettha eko</span>ti tattha hīne kāye ekoyeva āvāsiko jāto. <span class="bld">Sambodhipathānusārino</span>ti anāgāmimaggānusārino. <span class="bld">Devepi hīḷentī</span>ti dve devaloke <a name="M2.0302"></a> hīḷentā adhokarontā upacārappanāsamādhīhi samāhitattā attano pādapaṃsuṃ devatānaṃ matthake okirantā ākāse uppatitvā gatāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Etādisī dhammappakāsanetthā</span>ti ettha sāsane evarūpā dhammappakāsanā, yāya sāvakā etehi guṇehi samannāgatā honti. <span class="bld">Na</span> <a name="P3.0710"></a> <span class="bld">tattha kiṃ kaṅkhati koci sāvako</span>ti kiṃ tattha tesu sāvakesu koci ekasāvakopi buddhādīsu vā cātuddisabhāve vā na kaṅkhati ‘‘sabbadisāsu asajjamāno agayhamāno viharatī’’ti. Idāni bhagavato vaṇṇaṃ bhaṇanto ‘‘nitiṇṇaoghaṃ vicikicchachinnaṃ, buddhaṃ namassāma jinaṃ janinda’’nti āha. Tattha <span class="bld">vicikicchachinna</span>nti chinnavicikicchaṃ. <span class="bld">Janinda</span>nti sabbalokuttamaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yaṃ te dhamma</span>nti yaṃ tava dhammaṃ. <span class="bld">Ajjhagaṃsu te</span>ti te devaputtā adhigatā. <span class="bld">Kāyaṃ brahmapurohita</span>nti amhākaṃ passantānaṃyeva brahmapurohitasarīraṃ. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – yaṃ tava dhammaṃ jānitvā tesaṃ tiṇṇaṃ janānaṃ te dve visesagū amhākaṃ passantānaṃyeva kāyaṃ brahmapurohitaṃ adhigantvā maggaphalavisesaṃ ajjhagaṃsu, mayampi tassa dhammassa pattiyā āgatamhāsi mārisāti. <span class="bld">Āgatamhase</span>ti sampattamha. <span class="bld">Katāvakāsā bhagavatā, pañhaṃ pucchemu mārisā</span>ti sace no bhagavā okāsaṃ karoti, atha bhagavatā katāvakāsā hutvā pañhaṃ, mārisa, puccheyyāmāti attho.</p>
<p class="subhead">Maghamāṇavavatthu</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para355"></a><a name="para355_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">355</span>. <span class="bld">Dīgharattaṃ visuddho kho ayaṃ yakkho</span>ti cirakālato pabhuti visuddho. Kīva cirakālato? Anuppanne buddhe magadharaṭṭhe macalagāmake maghamāṇavakālato paṭṭhāya. Tadā kiresa ekadivasaṃ kālasseva vuṭṭhāya gāmamajjhe manussānaṃ gāmakammakaraṇaṭṭhānaṃ gantvā attano ṭhitaṭṭhānaṃ pādanteneva paṃsukacavaraṃ apanetvā ramaṇīyamakāsi, añño āgantvā tattha aṭṭhāsi. So tāvatakeneva satiṃ paṭilabhitvā majjhe gāmassa khalamaṇḍalamattaṃ ṭhānaṃ sodhetvā vālukaṃ okiritvā <a name="V2.0272"></a> dārūni āharitvā sītakāle aggiṃ karoti, daharā ca mahallakā ca āgantvā tattha nisīdanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Athassa <a name="M2.0303"></a> ekadivasaṃ etadahosi – ‘‘mayaṃ nagaraṃ gantvā rājarājamahāmattādayo passāma, imesupi candimasūriyesu ‘cando nāma devaputto, sūriyo nāma devaputto’ti <a name="P3.0711"></a> vadanti. Kiṃ nu kho katvā ete etā sampattiyo adhigatā’’ti? Tato ‘‘nāññaṃ kiñci, puññakammameva katvā’’ti cintetvā ‘‘mayāpi evaṃvidhasampattidāyakaṃ puññakammameva kattabba’’nti cintesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">So kālasseva vuṭṭhāya yāguṃ pivitvā vāsipharasukudālamusalahattho catumahāpathaṃ gantvā musalena pāsāṇe uccāletvā pavaṭṭeti, yānānaṃ akkhapaṭighātarukkhe harati, visamaṃ samaṃ karoti, catumahāpathe sālaṃ karoti, pokkharaṇiṃ khaṇati, setuṃ bandhati, evaṃ divasaṃ kammaṃ katvā atthaṅgate sūriye gharaṃ eti. Taṃ añño pucchi – ‘‘bho, magha, tvaṃ pātova nikkhamitvā sāyaṃ araññato esi, kiṃ kammaṃ karosī’’ti? Puññakammaṃ karomi. Saggagāmimaggaṃ sodhemīti. Kimidaṃ, bho, puññaṃ nāmāti? Tvaṃ na jānāsīti? Āma, na jānāmīti. Nagaraṃ gatakāle diṭṭhapubbā te rājarājamahāmattādayoti? Āma, diṭṭhapubbāti. Puññakammaṃ katvā tehi taṃ ṭhānaṃ laddhaṃ, ahampi evaṃvidhasampattidāyakaṃ kammaṃ karomi. ‘‘Cando nāma devaputto, sūriyo nāma devaputto’’ti sutapubbaṃ tayāti? Āma sutapubbanti. Etassa saggassa gamanamaggaṃ ahaṃ sodhemīti. Idaṃ pana puññakammaṃ kiṃ taveva vaṭṭati, aññassa na vaṭṭatīti? Na kassacetaṃ vāritanti. Yadi evaṃ sve araññaṃ gamanakāle mayhampi saddaṃ dehīti. Punadivase taṃ gahetvā gato, evaṃ tasmiṃ gāme tettiṃsa manussā taruṇavayā sabbe tasseva anuvattakā ahesuṃ. Te ekacchandā hutvā puññakammāni karontā vicaranti. Yaṃ disaṃ gacchanti, maggaṃ samaṃ karontā ekadivaseneva karonti, pokkharaṇiṃ khaṇantā, sālaṃ karontā, setuṃ bandhantā ekadivaseneva niṭṭhāpenti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha nesaṃ gāmabhojako cintesi – ‘‘ahaṃ pubbe etesu suraṃ pivantesu pāṇaghātādīni karontesu ca kahāpaṇādivasena ceva daṇḍabalivasena ca dhanaṃ labhāmi. Idāni etesaṃ puññakaraṇakālato paṭṭhāya ettako āyo natthi, handa ne rājakule paribhindāmī’’ti rājānaṃ upasaṅkamitvā <a name="P3.0712"></a> core, mahārāja, passāmīti. Kuhiṃ, tātāti? Mayhaṃ gāmeti. Kiṃ corā nāma, tātāti? Rājāparādhikā devāti. Kiṃ jātikāti? Gahapatijātikā devāti. Gahapatikā kiṃ karissanti, tayā <a name="M2.0304"></a> jānamānena kasmā mayhaṃ na kathitanti? Bhayena, mahārāja, na <a name="V2.0273"></a> kathemi, idāni mā mayhaṃ dosaṃ kareyyāthāti. Atha rājā ‘‘ayaṃ mayhaṃ mahāravaṃ ravatī’’ti saddahitvā ‘‘tena hi gaccha, tvameva ne ānehī’’ti balaṃ datvā pesesi. So gantvā divasaṃ araññe kammaṃ katvā sāyamāsaṃ bhuñjitvā gāmamajjhe nisīditvā ‘‘sve kiṃ kammaṃ karissāma, kiṃ maggaṃ samaṃ karoma, pokkharaṇiṃ khaṇāma, setuṃ bandhāmā’’ti mantayamāneyeva te parivāretvā ‘‘mā phandittha, rañño āṇā’’ti bandhitvā pāyāsi. Atha kho nesaṃ itthiyo ‘‘sāmikā kira vo ‘rājāparādhikā corā’ti bandhitvā niyyantī’’ti sutvā ‘‘aticirena kūṭā ete ‘puññakammaṃ karomā’ti divase divase araññeva acchanti, sabbakammantā parihīnā, gehe na kiñci vaḍḍhati, suṭṭhu baddhā suṭṭhu gahitā’’ti vadiṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Gāmabhojakopi te netvā rañño dassesi. Rājā anupaparikkhitvāyeva ‘‘hatthinā maddāpethā’’ti āha. Tesu nīyamānesu magho itare āha – ‘‘bho, sakkhissatha mama vacanaṃ kātu’’nti? Tava vacanaṃ karontāyevamha imaṃ bhayaṃ pattā, evaṃ santepi tava vacanaṃ karoma, bhaṇa bho, kiṃ karomāti? Ettha bho vaṭṭe carantānaṃ nāma nibaddhaṃ etaṃ, kiṃ pana tumhe corāti? Na coramhāti. Imassa lokassa saccakiriyā nāma avassayo, tasmā sabbepi ‘‘yadi amhe corā, hatthī maddatu, atha na corā, mā maddatū’’ti saccakiriyaṃ karothāti. Te tathā akaṃsu. Hatthī upagantumpi na sakkoti, viravanto palāyati, hatthiṃ tuttatomaraṅkusehi koṭṭentāpi upanetuṃ na sakkonti. ‘‘Hatthiṃ upanetuṃ na sakkomā’’ti rañño ārocesuṃ. Tena hi upari kaṭena paṭicchādetvā maddāpethāti. Upari kaṭe dinne diguṇaravaṃ viravanto palāyati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Rājā sutvā pesuññakārakaṃ pakkosāpetvā āha – ‘‘tāta, hatthī maddituṃ na icchatī’’ti? Āma, deva, jeṭṭhakamāṇavo mantaṃ jānāti, mantasseva ayamānubhāvoti. Rājā taṃ pakkosāpetvā ‘‘manto kira te atthī’’ti pucchi? Natthi, deva, mayhaṃ <a name="P3.0713"></a> manto, saccakiriyaṃ pana mayaṃ karimha – ‘‘yadi amhe rañño corā, maddatu, atha na corā, mā maddatū’’ti, saccakiriyāya no esa ānubhāvoti. Kiṃ pana, tāta, tumhe kammaṃ karothāti? Amhe, deva, maggaṃ samaṃ karoma, catumahāpathe sālaṃ karoma<a name="M2.0305"></a>, pokkharaṇiṃ khaṇāma, setuṃ bandhāma, evarūpāni puññakammāni karontā vicarimhāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ayaṃ tumhe kimatthaṃ pisuṇesīti? Amhākaṃ pamattakāle idañcidañca labhati, appamattakāle taṃ natthi, etena kāraṇenāti. Tāta, ayaṃ hatthī nāma tiracchāno, sopi tumhākaṃ <a name="V2.0274"></a> guṇe jānāti. Ahaṃ manusso hutvāpi na jānāmi, tumhākaṃ vasanagāmaṃ tumhākaṃyeva puna aharaṇīyaṃ katvā demi, ayampi hatthī tumhākaṃyeva hotu, pesuññakārakopi tumhākaṃyeva dāso hotu. Ito paṭṭhāya mayhampi puññakammaṃ karothāti dhanaṃ datvā vissajjesi. Te dhanaṃ gahetvā vārena vārena hatthiṃ āruyha gacchantā mantayanti ‘‘bho puññakammaṃ nāma anāgatabhavatthāya kariyati, amhākaṃ pana antoudake pupphitaṃ nīluppalaṃ viya imasmiññeva attabhāve vipākaṃ deti. Idāni atirekaṃ puññaṃ karissāmā’’ti, kiṃ karomāti? Catumahāpathe thāvaraṃ katvā mahājanassa vissamanasālaṃ karoma, itthīhi pana saddhiṃ apattikaṃ katvā karissāma, amhesu hi ‘‘corā’’ti gahetvā nīyamānesu itthīnaṃ ekāpi cintāmattakampi akatvā ‘‘subaddhā sugahitā’’ti uṭṭhahiṃsu, tasmā tāsaṃ pattiṃ na dassāmāti. Te attano gehāni gantvā hatthino tettiṃsapiṇḍaṃ denti, tettiṃsa tiṇamuṭṭhiyo āharanti, taṃ sabbaṃ hatthissa kucchipūraṃ jātaṃ. Te araññaṃ pavisitvā rukkhe chindanti, chinnaṃ chinnaṃ hatthī kaḍḍhitvā sakaṭapathe ṭhapesi. Te rukkhe tacchetvā sālāya kammaṃ ārabhiṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Maghassa gehe sujātā, sudhammā, cittā, nandāti catasso bhariyāyo ahesuṃ. Sudhammā vaḍḍhakiṃ pucchati – ‘‘tāta, ime sahāyā kālasseva gantvā sāyaṃ enti, kiṃ kammaṃ karontī’’ti? ‘‘Sālaṃ karonti, ammā’’ti. ‘‘Tāta, mayhampi sālāya pattiṃ katvā dehī’’ti. ‘‘Itthīhi apattikaṃ <a name="P3.0714"></a> karomā’’ti ete vadantīti. Sā vaḍḍhakissa aṭṭha kahāpaṇe datvā ‘‘tāta, yena kenaci upāyena mayhaṃ pattikaṃ karohī’’ti āha. So ‘‘sādhu ammā’’ti vatvā puretaraṃ vāsipharasuṃ gahetvā gāmamajjhe ṭhatvā ‘‘kiṃ bho ajja imasmimpi kāle na nikkhamathā’’ti uccāsaddaṃ katvā ‘‘sabbe maggaṃ āruḷhā’’ti ñatvā ‘‘gacchatha tāva tumhe, mayhaṃ papañco atthī’’ti te <a name="M2.0306"></a> purato katvā aññaṃ maggaṃ āruyha kaṇṇikūpagaṃ rukkhaṃ chinditvā tacchetvā maṭṭhaṃ katvā āharitvā sudhammāya gehe ṭhapesi – ‘‘mayā dehīti vuttadivase nīharitvā dadeyyāsī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha niṭṭhite dabbasambhārakamme bhūmikammato paṭṭhāya cayabandhanathambhussāpana saṅghāṭayojana kaṇṇikamañcabandhanesu katesu so vaḍḍhakī kaṇṇikamañce nisīditvā catūhi disāhi gopānasiyo ukkhipitvā ‘‘bho ekaṃ pamuṭṭhaṃ atthī’’ti āha. Kiṃ bho pamuṭṭhaṃ, sabbameva tvaṃ pamussasīti. Imā bho gopānasiyo kattha patiṭṭhahissantīti? Kaṇṇikā nāma laddhuṃ vaṭṭatīti. Kuhiṃ bho idāni sakkā laddhunti? Kulānaṃ gehe sakkā laddhunti. Āhiṇḍantā pucchathāti. Te antogāmaṃ pavisitvā pucchitvā sudhammāya gharadvāre ‘‘imasmiṃ ghare kaṇṇikā atthī’’ti <a name="V2.0275"></a> āhaṃsu. Sā ‘‘atthī’’ti āha. Handa mūlaṃ gaṇhāhīti. Mūlaṃ na gaṇhāmi, sace mama pattiṃ karotha, dassāmīti. Etha bho mātugāmassa pattiṃ na karoma, araññaṃ gantvā rukkhaṃ chindissāmāti nikkhamiṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tato vaḍḍhakī ‘‘kiṃ na laddhā, tāta, kaṇṇikā’’ti pucchi. Te tamatthaṃ ārocayiṃsu. Vaḍḍhakī kaṇṇikamañce nisinnova ākāsaṃ ulloketvā ‘‘bho ajja nakkhattaṃ sundaraṃ, idaṃ aññaṃ saṃvaccharaṃ atikkamitvā sakkā laddhuṃ, tumhehi ca dukkhena ābhatā dabbasambhārā, te sakalasaṃvaccharena imasmiññeva ṭhāne pūtikā bhavissanti. Devaloke nibbattakāle tassāpi ekasmiṃ koṇe sālā hotu, āharatha na’’nti āha. Sāpi yāva te na puna āgacchanti, tāva kaṇṇikāya heṭṭhimatale ‘‘ayaṃ sālā <span class="bld">sudhammā</span> nāmā’’ti akkharāni chindāpetvā ahatena vatthena veṭhetvā ṭhapesi. Kammikā āgantvā – ‘‘āhara, re kaṇṇikaṃ<a name="P3.0715"></a>, yaṃ hotu taṃ hotu. Tuyhampi pattiṃ karissāmā’’ti āhaṃsu. Sā nīharitvā ‘‘tātā, yāva aṭṭha vā soḷasa vā gopānasiyo na ārohanti, tāva imaṃ vatthaṃ mā nibbeṭhayitthā’’ti vatvā adāsi. Te ‘‘sādhū’’ti sampaṭicchitvā gahetvā gopānasiyo āropetvāva vatthaṃ nibbeṭhesuṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Eko mahāgāmikamanusso uddhaṃ ullokento akkharāni disvā ‘‘kiṃ, bho, ida’’nti akkharaññuṃ manussaṃ pakkosāpetvā dassesi. So ‘‘sudhammā <a name="M2.0307"></a> nāma ayaṃ sālā’’ti āha. ‘‘Haratha, bho, mayaṃ ādito paṭṭhāya sālaṃ katvā nāmamattampi na labhāma, esā ratanamattena kaṇṇikarukkhena sālaṃ attano nāmena kāretī’’ti viravanti. Vaḍḍhakī tesaṃ viravantānaṃyeva gopānasiyo pavesetvā āṇiṃ datvā sālākammaṃ niṭṭhāpesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sālaṃ tidhā vibhajiṃsu, ekasmiṃ koṭṭhāse issarānaṃ vasanaṭṭhānaṃ akaṃsu, ekasmiṃ duggatānaṃ, ekasmiṃ gilānānaṃ. Tettiṃsa janā tettiṃsa phalakāni paññapetvā hatthissa saññaṃ adaṃsu – ‘‘āgantuko āgantvā yassa atthate phalake nisīdati, taṃ gahetvā phalakasāmikasseva gehe patiṭṭhapehi. Tassa pādaparikammapiṭṭhiparikammakhādanīyabhojanīyasayanāni sabbāni phalakasāmikasseva bhāro bhavissatī’’ti. Hatthī āgatāgataṃ gahetvā phalakasāmikassa gehaṃ neti, so tassa taṃ divasaṃ kattabbaṃ karoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Maghamāṇavo sālato avidūre ṭhāne koviḷārarukkhaṃ ropāpesi, mūle cassa pāsāṇaphalakaṃ atthari. <span class="bld">Nandā</span> nāmassa bhariyā avidūre pokkharaṇiṃ khaṇāpesi, <span class="bld">cittā</span> mālāvacche <a name="V2.0276"></a> ropāpesi, sabbajeṭṭhikā pana ādāsaṃ gahetvā attabhāvaṃ maṇḍayamānāva vicarati. Magho taṃ āha – ‘‘bhadde, sudhammā, sālāya pattikā jātā, nandā pokkharaṇiṃ khaṇāpesi, cittā mālāvacche ropāpesi. Tava pana puññakammaṃ nāma natthi, ekaṃ puññaṃ karohi, bhadde’’ti sā ‘‘tvaṃ kassa kāraṇā karosi, nanu tayā kataṃ mayhamevā’’ti vatvā attabhāvamaṇḍanameva anuyuñjati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Magho yāvatāyukaṃ ṭhatvā tato cavitvā tāvatiṃsabhavane sakko hutvā nibbatti, tepi tettiṃsa gāmikamanussā <a name="P3.0716"></a> kālaṅkatvā tettiṃsa devaputtā hutvā tasseva santike nibbattā. Sakkassa vejayanto nāma pāsādo satta yojanasatāni uggacchi, dhajo tīṇi yojanasatāni uggacchi, koviḷārarukkhassa nissandena samantā tiyojanasataparimaṇḍalo pañcadasayojanapariṇāhakkhandho pāricchattako nibbatti, pāsāṇaphalakassa <a name="M2.0308"></a> nissandena pāricchattakamūle saṭṭhiyojanikā paṇḍukambalasilā nibbatti. Sudhammāya kaṇṇikarukkhassa nissandena tiyojanasatikā sudhammā devasabhā nibbatti. Nandāya pokkharaṇiyā nissandena paññāsayojanā nandā nāma pokkharaṇī nibbatti. Cittāya mālāvacchavatthunissandena saṭṭhiyojanikaṃ cittalatāvanaṃ nāma uyyānaṃ nibbatti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sakko devarājā sudhammāya devasabhāya yojanike suvaṇṇapallaṅke nisinno tiyojanike setacchatte dhāriyamāne tehi devaputtehi tāhi devakaññāhi aḍḍhatiyāhi nāṭakakoṭīhi dvīsu devalokesu devatāhi ca parivārito mahāsampattiṃ olokento tā tisso itthiyo disvā ‘‘imā tāva paññāyanti, sujātā kuhi’’nti olokento ‘‘ayaṃ mama vacanaṃ akatvā girikandarāya bakasakuṇikā hutvā nibbattā’’ti disvā devalokato otaritvā tassā santikaṃ gato. Sā disvāva sañjānitvā adhomukhā jātā. ‘‘Bāle, idāni kiṃ sīsaṃ na ukkhipasi? Tvaṃ mama vacanaṃ akatvā attabhāvameva maṇḍayamānā vītināmesi. Sudhammāya ca nandāya ca cittāya ca mahāsampatti nibbattā, ehi amhākaṃ sampattiṃ passā’’ti devalokaṃ netvā nandāya pokkharaṇiyā pakkhipitvā pallaṅke nisīdi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nāṭakitthiyo ‘‘kuhiṃ gatattha, mahārājā’’ti pucchiṃsu. So anārocetukāmopi tāhi nippīḷiyamāno ‘‘sujātāya santika’’nti āha. Kuhiṃ nibbattā, mahārājāti? Kandarapādeti. Idāni kuhinti? Nandāpokkharaṇiyaṃ me vissaṭṭhāti. Etha, bho, amhākaṃ ayyaṃ passāmāti sabbā tattha agamaṃsu. Sā pubbe sabbajeṭṭhikā hutvā tā avamaññittha. Idāni <a name="V2.0277"></a> tāpi taṃ disvā – ‘‘passatha, bho amhākaṃ ayyāya mukhaṃ kakkaṭakavijjhanasūlasadisa’’ntiādīni vadantiyo keḷiṃ akaṃsu. Sā ativiya aṭṭiyamānā sakkaṃ devarājānaṃ āha – ‘‘mahārāja, imāni <a name="P3.0717"></a> suvaṇṇarajatamaṇivimānāni vā nandāpokkharaṇī vā mayhaṃ kiṃ karissati, jātibhūmiyeva mahārāja sattānaṃ sukhā, maṃ tattheva kandarapāde vissajjehī’’ti. Sakko taṃ tattha vissajjetvā ‘‘mama vacanaṃ karissasī’’ti āha. Karissāmi, mahārājāti. Pañca sīlāni gahetvā akhaṇḍāni katvā rakkha, katipāhena taṃ etāsaṃ jeṭṭhikaṃ karissāmīti. Sā tathā akāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sakko <a name="M2.0309"></a> katipāhassa accayena ‘‘sakkā nu kho sīlaṃ rakkhitu’’nti gantvā maccharūpena uttānako hutvā tassā purato udakapiṭṭhe osarati, sā ‘‘matamacchako bhavissatī’’ti gantvā sīse aggahesi. Maccho naṅguṭṭhaṃ cālesi. Sā ‘‘jīvati maññe’’ti udake vissajjesi. Sakko ākāse ṭhatvā ‘‘sādhu, sādhu, rakkhasi sikkhāpadaṃ, evaṃ taṃ rakkhamānaṃ katipāheneva nāṭakānaṃ jeṭṭhikaṃ karissāmī’’ti āha. Tassāpi pañca vassasatāni āyu ahosi. Ekadivasampi udarapūraṃ nālatthaṃ, sukkhitvā parisukkhitvā milāyamānāpi sīlaṃ akhaṇḍetvā kālaṅkatvā bārāṇasiyaṃ kumbhakāragehe nibbatti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sakko ‘‘kuhiṃ nibbattā’’ti olokento disvā ‘‘tato idha ānetuṃ na sakkā, jīvitavuttimassā dassāmī’’ti suvaṇṇaeḷālukānaṃ yānakaṃ pūretvā majjhe gāmassa mahallakavesena nisīditvā ‘‘eḷālukāni gaṇhathā’’ti ukkuṭṭhimakāsi. Samantā gāmavāsikā āgantvā ‘‘dehi, tātā’’ti āhaṃsu. Ahaṃ sīlarakkhakānaṃ demi, tumhe sīlaṃ rakkhathāti. Tāta mayaṃ sīlaṃ nāma kīdisantipi na jānāma, mūlena dehīti. ‘‘Sīlarakkhakānaṃyeva dammī’’ti āha. ‘‘Etha, re kosi ayaṃ eḷālukamahallako’’ti sabbe nivattiṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sā dārikā pucchi – ‘‘amma, tumhe eḷālukatthāya gatā tucchahatthāva āgatā’’ti. Kosi, amma, eḷālukamahallako ‘‘ahaṃ sīlarakkhakānaṃ dammī’’ti vadati, nūnimassa dārikā sīlaṃ khāditvā vattanti, mayaṃ sīlameva na jānāmāti. Sā ‘‘mayhaṃ ānītaṃ bhavissatī’’ti gantvā ‘‘eḷālukaṃ, tāta, dehī’’ti āha. ‘‘Tvaṃ sīlāni rakkhasi ammā’’ti? ‘‘Āma, tāta rakkhāmī’’ti. Idaṃ mayā tuyhameva ābhatanti gehadvāre yānena saddhiṃ ṭhapetvā pakkāmi. Sāpi yāvajīvaṃ sīlaṃ rakkhitvā cavitvā vepacittiasurassa dhītā hutvā nibbatti. Sīlanissandena <a name="V2.0278"></a> pāsādikā ahosi. So <a name="P3.0718"></a> ‘‘dhītuvivāhamaṅgalaṃ karissāmī’’ti asure sannipātesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sakko ‘‘kuhiṃ nibbattā’’ti olokento ‘‘asurabhavane nibbattā, ajjassā vivāhamaṅgalaṃ karissantī’’ti disvā ‘‘idāni yaṃkiñci katvā ānetabbā mayā’’ti asuravaṇṇaṃ nimminitvā gantvā asurānaṃ antare aṭṭhāsi. ‘‘Tava <a name="M2.0310"></a> sāmikaṃ vadehī’’ti tassā hatthe pitā pupphadāmaṃ adāsi ‘‘yaṃ icchasi, tassūpari khipāhī’’ti. Sā olokentī sakkaṃ disvā pubbasannivāsena sañjātasinehā ‘‘ayaṃ me sāmiko’’ti tassūpari dāmaṃ khipi. So taṃ bāhāya gahetvā ākāse uppati, tasmiṃ khaṇe asurā sañjāniṃsu. Te ‘‘gaṇhatha, gaṇhatha, jarasakkaṃ, veriko amhākaṃ, na mayaṃ etassa dārikaṃ dassāmā’’ti anubandhiṃsu. Vepacitti pucchi ‘‘kenāhaṭā’’ti? ‘‘Jarasakkena mahārājā’’ti. ‘‘Avasesesu ayameva seṭṭho, apethā’’ti āha. Sakko naṃ netvā aḍḍhatiyakoṭināṭakānaṃ jeṭṭhikaṭṭhāne ṭhapesi. Sā sakkaṃ varaṃ yāci – ‘‘mahārāja, mayhaṃ imasmiṃ devaloke mātā vā pitā vā bhātā vā bhaginī vā natthi, yattha yattha gacchasi, tattha tattha maṃ gahetvāva gaccha mahārājā’’ti. Sakko ‘‘sādhū’’ti paṭiññaṃ adāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ macalagāmake maghamāṇavakālato paṭṭhāya visuddhabhāvamassa sampassanto bhagavā ‘‘dīgharattaṃ visuddho kho ayaṃ yakkho’’ti āha. <span class="bld">Atthasañhita</span>nti atthanissitaṃ kāraṇanissitaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Pañhaveyyākaraṇavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para357"></a><a name="para357_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">357</span>. <span class="bld">Kiṃ saṃyojanā</span>ti kiṃ bandhanā, kena bandhanena baddhā hutvā. <span class="bld">Puthukāyā</span>ti bahujanā. <span class="bld">Averā</span>ti appaṭighā. <span class="bld">Adaṇḍā</span>ti āvudhadaṇḍadhanadaṇḍavinimuttā. <span class="bld">Asapattā</span>ti apaccatthikā. <span class="bld">Abyāpajjā</span>ti vigatadomanassā. <span class="bld">Viharemu averino</span>ti aho vata kenaci saddhiṃ averino vihareyyāma, katthaci kopaṃ na uppādetvā accharāya gahitakaṃ jaṅghasahassena saddhiṃ paribhuñjeyyāmāti dānaṃ datvā pūjaṃ katvā ca patthayanti. <span class="bld">Iti ca nesaṃ hotī</span>ti evañca nesaṃ ayaṃ patthanā hoti. <span class="bld">Atha ca panā</span>ti evaṃ patthanāya satipi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Issāmacchariyasaṃyojanā</span>ti parasampattikhīyanalakkhaṇā issā, attasampattiyā parehi sādhāraṇabhāvassa <a name="V2.0279"></a> asahanalakkhaṇaṃ <a name="P3.0719"></a> macchariyaṃ, issā ca macchariyañca saṃyojanaṃ etesanti issāmacchariyasaṃyojanā. Ayamettha saṅkhepo. Vitthārato pana issāmacchariyāni abhidhamme vuttāneva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Āvāsamacchariyena <a name="M2.0311"></a> panettha yakkho vā peto vā hutvā tasseva āvāsassa saṅkāraṃ sīsena ukkhipitvā vicarati. Kulamacchariyena tasmiṃ kule aññesaṃ dānādīni karonte disvā ‘‘bhinnaṃ vatidaṃ kulaṃ mamā’’ti cintayato lohitampi mukhato uggacchati, kucchivirecanampi hoti, antānipi khaṇḍākhaṇḍāni hutvā nikkhamanti. Lābhamacchariyena saṅghassa vā gaṇassa vā santake lābhe maccharāyitvā puggalikaparibhogena paribhuñjitvā yakkho vā peto vā mahāajagaro vā hutvā nibbattati. Sarīravaṇṇaguṇavaṇṇamacchariyena pana pariyattidhammamacchariyena ca attanova vaṇṇaṃ vaṇṇeti, na paresaṃ vaṇṇaṃ, ‘‘kiṃ vaṇṇo eso’’ti taṃ taṃ dosaṃ vadanto pariyattiñca kassaci kiñci adento dubbaṇṇo ceva eḷamūgo ca hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica āvāsamacchariyena lohagehe paccati. Kulamacchariyena appalābho hoti. Lābhamacchariyena gūthaniraye nibbattati. Vaṇṇamacchariyena bhave nibbattassa vaṇṇo nāma na hoti. Dhammamacchariyena kukkuḷaniraye nibbattati. Idaṃ pana issāmacchariyasaṃyojanaṃ sotāpattimaggena pahīyati. Yāva taṃ nappahīyati, tāva devamanussā averatādīni patthayantāpi verādīhi na parimuccantiyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tiṇṇā mettha kaṅkhā</span>ti etasmiṃ pañhe mayā tumhākaṃ vacanaṃ sutvā kaṅkhā tiṇṇāti vadati, na maggavasena tiṇṇakaṅkhataṃ dīpeti. <span class="bld">Vigatā kathaṃkathā</span>ti idaṃ kathaṃ, idaṃ kathanti ayampi kathaṃkathā vigatā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para358"></a><a name="para358_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">358</span>. <span class="bld">Nidānā</span>dīni vuttatthāneva. <span class="bld">Piyāppiyanidāna</span>nti piyasattasaṅkhāranidānaṃ macchariyaṃ, appiyasattasaṅkhāranidānā issā. Ubhayaṃ vā ubhayanidānaṃ. Pabbajitassa hi saddhivihārikādayo, gahaṭṭhassa puttādayo hatthiassādayo vā sattā piyā honti keḷāyitā mamāyitā, muhuttampi te apassanto adhivāsetuṃ na sakkoti. So aññaṃ tādisaṃ piyasattaṃ labhantaṃ disvā issaṃ karoti. ‘‘Iminā amhākaṃ kiñci kammaṃ atthi, muhuttaṃ tāva <a name="P3.0720"></a> naṃ dethā’’ti tameva aññehi yācito ‘‘na sakkā dātuṃ, kilamissati vā ukkaṇṭhissati vā’’tiādīni <a name="V2.0280"></a> vatvā macchariyaṃ karoti. Evaṃ tāva ubhayampi piyasattanidānaṃ hoti. Bhikkhussa pana pattacīvaraparikkhārajātaṃ, gahaṭṭhassa vā alaṅkārādiupakaraṇaṃ piyaṃ hoti manāpaṃ, so aññassa <a name="M2.0312"></a> tādisaṃ uppajjamānaṃ disvā ‘‘aho vatassa evarūpaṃ na bhaveyyā’’ti issaṃ karoti, yācito vāpi ‘‘mayampetaṃ mamāyantā na paribhuñjāma, na sakkā dātu’’nti macchariyaṃ karoti. Evaṃ ubhayampi piyasaṅkhāranidānaṃ hoti. Appiye pana te vuttappakāre satte ca saṅkhāre ca labhitvā sacepissa te amanāpā honti, tathāpi kilesānaṃ viparītavuttitāya ‘‘ṭhapetvā maṃ ko añño evarūpassa lābhī’’ti issaṃ vā karoti, yācito tāvakālikampi adadamāno macchariyaṃ vā karoti. Evaṃ ubhayampi appiyasattasaṅkhāranidānaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Chandanidāna</span>nti ettha pariyesanachando, paṭilābhachando, paribhogachando, sannidhichando, vissajjanachandoti pañcavidho chando.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Katamo <span class="bld">pariyesanachando?</span> Idhekacco atitto chandajāto rūpaṃ pariyesati, saddaṃ. Gandhaṃ. Rasaṃ. Phoṭṭhabbaṃ pariyesati, dhanaṃ pariyesati. Ayaṃ pariyesanachando.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Katamo <span class="bld">paṭilābhachando?</span> Idhekacco atitto chandajāto rūpaṃ paṭilabhati, saddaṃ. Gandhaṃ. Rasaṃ. Phoṭṭhabbaṃ paṭilabhati, dhanaṃ paṭilabhati. Ayaṃ paṭilābhachando.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Katamo <span class="bld">paribhogachando?</span> Idhekacco atitto chandajāto rūpaṃ paribhuñjati, saddaṃ. Gandhaṃ. Rasaṃ. Phoṭṭhabbaṃ paribhuñjati, dhanaṃ paribhuñjati. Ayaṃ paribhogachando.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Katamo <span class="bld">sannidhichando?</span> Idhekacco atitto chandajāto dhanasannicayaṃ karoti ‘‘āpadāsu bhavissatī’’ti. Ayaṃ sannidhichando.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Katamo <span class="bld">vissajjanachando?</span> Idhekacco atitto chandajāto dhanaṃ vissajjeti, hatthārohānaṃ, assārohānaṃ, rathikānaṃ, dhanuggahānaṃ – ‘‘ime maṃ rakkhissanti gopissanti mamāyissanti samparivārayissantī’’ti. Ayaṃ vissajjanachando. Ime pañca chandā. Idha taṇhāmattameva, taṃ sandhāya idaṃ vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vitakkanidāno</span>ti ettha ‘‘lābhaṃ paṭicca vinicchayo’’ti (dī. ni. 2.110) evaṃ vutto <a name="V2.0281"></a> vinicchayavitakko vitakko nāma. <span class="bld">Vinicchayo</span>ti dve vinicchayā taṇhāvinicchayo <a name="M2.0313"></a> ca, diṭṭhivinicchayo ca. Aṭṭhasataṃ taṇhāvicaritaṃ taṇhāvinicchayo nāma. Dvāsaṭṭhi <a name="P3.0721"></a> diṭṭhiyo diṭṭhivinicchayo nāmāti evaṃ vuttataṇhāvinicchayavasena hi iṭṭhāniṭṭhapiyāppiyavavatthānaṃ na hoti. Tadeva hi ekaccassa iṭṭhaṃ hoti, ekaccassa aniṭṭhaṃ paccantarājamajjhimadesarājūnaṃ gaṇḍuppādamigamaṃsādīsu viya. Tasmiṃ pana taṇhāvinicchayavinicchite paṭiladdhavatthusmiṃ ‘‘ettakaṃ rūpassa bhavissati, ettakaṃ saddassa, ettakaṃ gandhassa, ettakaṃ rasassa, ettakaṃ phoṭṭhabbassa bhavissati, ettakaṃ mayhaṃ bhavissati, ettakaṃ parassa bhavissati, ettakaṃ nidahissāmi, ettakaṃ parassa dassāmī’’ti vavatthānaṃ vitakkavinicchayena hoti. Tenāha ‘‘chando kho, devānaminda, vitakkanidāno’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Papañcasaññāsaṅkhānidāno</span>ti tayo papañcā taṇhāpapañco, mānapapañco, diṭṭhipapañcoti. Tattha aṭṭhasatataṇhāvicaritaṃ taṇhāpapañco nāma. Navavidho māno mānapapañco nāma. Dvāsaṭṭhi diṭṭhiyo diṭṭhipapañco nāma. Tesu idha taṇhāpapañco adhippeto. Kenaṭṭhena papañco? Mattapamattākārapāpanaṭṭhena papañco. Taṃsampayuttā saññā papañcasaññā. Saṅkhā vuccati koṭṭhāso ‘‘saññānidānā hi papañcasaṅkhā’’tiādīsu viya. Iti papañcasaññāsaṅkhānidānoti papañcasaññākoṭṭhāsanidāno vitakkoti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Papañcasaññāsaṅkhānirodhasāruppagāmini</span>nti etissā papañcasaññāsaṅkhāya khayā nirodho vūpasamo, tassa sāruppañceva tattha gāminiṃ cāti saha vipassanāya maggaṃ pucchati.</p>
<p class="subhead">Vedanākammaṭṭhānavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para359"></a><a name="para359_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">359</span>. Athassa bhagavā <span class="bld">somanassaṃpāha</span>nti tisso vedanā ārabhi. Kiṃ pana bhagavatā pucchitaṃ kathitaṃ, apucchitaṃ, sānusandhikaṃ, ananusandhikanti? Pucchitameva kathitaṃ, no apucchitaṃ, sānusandhikameva, no ananusandhikaṃ. Devatānañhi rūpato arūpaṃ pākaṭataraṃ, arūpepi vedanā pākaṭatarā. Kasmā? Devatānañhi karajakāyaṃ sukhumaṃ, kammajaṃ balavaṃ, karajakāyassa sukhumattā, kammajassa balavattā ekāhārampi atikkamitvā na tiṭṭhanti, uṇhapāsāṇe <a name="M2.0314"></a> ṭhapitasappipiṇḍi viya vilīyantīti sabbaṃ <span class="bld">brahmajāle</span> vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ. Tasmā bhagavā sakkassa tisso vedanā ārabhi. Duvidhañhi kammaṭṭhānaṃ – rūpakammaṭṭhānaṃ, arūpakammaṭṭhānañca. Rūpapariggaho, arūpapariggahotipi etadeva <a name="P3.0722"></a> vuccati. Tattha bhagavā yassa rūpaṃ <a name="V2.0282"></a> pākaṭaṃ, tassa saṅkhepamanasikāravasena vā vitthāramanasikāravasena vā catudhātuvavatthānaṃ vitthārento rūpakammaṭṭhānaṃ katheti. Yassa arūpaṃ pākaṭaṃ, tassa arūpakammaṭṭhānaṃ katheti. Kathento ca tassa vatthubhūtaṃ rūpakammaṭṭhānaṃ dassetvāva katheti, devānaṃ pana arūpakammaṭṭhānaṃ pākaṭanti arūpakammaṭṭhānavasena vedanā ārabhi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tividho hi arūpakammaṭṭhāne abhiniveso – phassavasena, vedanāvasena, cittavasenāti. Kathaṃ? Ekaccassa hi saṅkhittena vā vitthārena vā pariggahite rūpakammaṭṭhāne tasmiṃ ārammaṇe cittacetasikānaṃ paṭhamābhinipāto taṃ ārammaṇaṃ phusanto uppajjamāno <span class="bld">phasso</span> pākaṭo hoti. Ekaccassa taṃ ārammaṇaṃ anubhavantī uppajjamānā <span class="bld">vedanā</span> pākaṭā hoti. Ekaccassa taṃ ārammaṇaṃ pariggahetvā taṃ vijānantaṃ uppajjamānaṃ <span class="bld">viññāṇaṃ</span> pākaṭaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha yassa phasso pākaṭo hoti, sopi na kevalaṃ phassova uppajjati, tena saddhiṃ tadeva ārammaṇaṃ anubhavamānā vedanāpi uppajjati, sañjānamānā saññāpi, cetayamānā cetanāpi, vijānamānaṃ viññāṇampi uppajjatīti phassapañcamakeyeva pariggaṇhāti. Yassa vedanā pākaṭā hoti, sopi na kevalaṃ vedanāva uppajjati, tāya saddhiṃ tadeva ārammaṇaṃ phusamāno phassopi uppajjati, sañjānamānā saññāpi, cetayamānā cetanāpi, vijānamānaṃ viññāṇampi uppajjatīti phassapañcamakeyeva pariggaṇhāti. Yassa viññāṇaṃ pākaṭaṃ hoti, sopi na kevalaṃ viññāṇameva uppajjati, tena saddhiṃ tadevārammaṇaṃ phusamāno phassopi uppajjati, anubhavamānā vedanāpi, sañjānamānā saññāpi, cetayamānā cetanāpi uppajjatīti phassapañcamakeyeva pariggaṇhāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">So ‘‘ime phassapañcamakā dhammā kiṃ nissitā’’ti upadhārento ‘‘vatthunissitā’’ti pajānāti. Vatthu nāma karajakāyo, yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ <a name="M2.0315"></a> – ‘‘idañca pana me viññāṇaṃ ettha sitaṃ ettha paṭibaddha’’nti. So atthato bhūtāni ceva upādārūpāni ca. Evamettha vatthu rūpaṃ, phassapañcamakā nāmanti nāmarūpamattameva passati. Rūpañcettha rūpakkhandho, nāmaṃ cattāro arūpino khandhāti pañcakkhandhamattaṃ hoti. Nāmarūpavinimuttā hi pañcakkhandhā, pañcakkhandhavinimuttaṃ vā nāmarūpaṃ natthi. So ‘‘ime pañcakkhandhā kiṃ <a name="P3.0723"></a> hetukā’’ti upaparikkhanto ‘‘avijjādihetukā’’ti passati. Tato ‘‘paccayo ceva paccayuppannañca idaṃ, añño satto vā puggalo vā natthi, suddhasaṅkhārapuñjamattamevā’’ti sappaccayanāmarūpavasena tilakkhaṇaṃ āropetvā vipassanāpaṭipāṭiyā ‘‘aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ anattā’’ti sammasanto vicarati<a name="V2.0283"></a>, so ajja ajjāti paṭivedhaṃ ākaṅkhamāno tathārūpe divase utusappāyaṃ, puggalasappāyaṃ, bhojanasappāyaṃ, dhammasavanasappāyaṃ vā labhitvā ekapallaṅkena nisinnova vipassanaṃ matthakaṃ pāpetvā arahatte patiṭṭhāti. Evamimesampi tiṇṇaṃ janānaṃ yāva arahattā kammaṭṭhānaṃ kathitaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idha pana bhagavā arūpakammaṭṭhānaṃ kathento vedanāsīsena kathesi. Phassavasena hi viññāṇavasena vā kathiyamānaṃ etassa na pākaṭaṃ hoti, andhakāraṃ viya khāyati. Vedanāvasena pana pākaṭaṃ hoti. Kasmā? Vedanānaṃ uppattiyā pākaṭatāya. Sukhadukkhavedanānañhi uppatti pākaṭā. Yadā sukhaṃ uppajjati, tadā sakalaṃ sarīraṃ khobhentaṃ maddantaṃ pharamānaṃ abhisandayamānaṃ satadhotasappiṃ khādāpayantaṃ viya, satapākatelaṃ makkhayamānaṃ viya, ghaṭasahassena pariḷāhaṃ nibbāpayamānaṃ viya, ‘‘aho sukhaṃ, aho sukha’’nti vācaṃ nicchārayamānameva uppajjati. Yadā dukkhaṃ uppajjati, tadā sakalasarīraṃ khobhentaṃ maddantaṃ pharamānaṃ abhisandayamānaṃ tattaphālaṃ pavesentaṃ viya, vilīnatambalohena āsiñcantaṃ viya, sukkhatiṇavanappatimhi araññe dāruukkākalāpaṃ khipamānaṃ viya ‘‘aho dukkhaṃ, aho dukkha’’nti vippalāpayamānameva uppajjati. Iti sukhadukkhavedanānaṃ uppatti pākaṭā hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Adukkhamasukhā pana duddīpanā andhakārena viya abhibhūtā. Sā sukhadukkhānaṃ apagame sātāsātapaṭikkhepavasena majjhattākārabhūtā adukkhamasukhā vedanāti nayato gaṇhantassa pākaṭā hoti. Yathā kiṃ? Yathā antarā piṭṭhipāsāṇaṃ āruhitvā palātassa migassa anupadaṃ gacchanto <a name="M2.0316"></a> migaluddako piṭṭhipāsāṇassa orabhāgepi parabhāgepi padaṃ disvā majjhe apassantopi ‘‘ito āruḷho, ito oruḷho, majjhe piṭṭhipāsāṇe iminā padesena gato bhavissatī’’ti nayato jānāti<a name="P3.0724"></a>. Evaṃ āruḷhaṭṭhāne padaṃ viya hi sukhavedanāya uppatti pākaṭā hoti, oruḷhaṭṭhāne padaṃ viya dukkhavedanāya uppatti pākaṭā hoti, ito āruyha, ito oruyha, majjhe evaṃ gatoti nayato gahaṇaṃ viya sukhadukkhānaṃ apagame sātāsātapaṭikkhepavasena majjhattākārabhūtā adukkhamasukhā vedanāti nayato gaṇhantassa pākaṭā hoti. Evaṃ bhagavā paṭhamaṃ rūpakammaṭṭhānaṃ kathetvā pacchā arūpakammaṭṭhānaṃ vedanāvasena nivattetvā dassesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Na kevalañca idheva evaṃ dassesi, <span class="bld">mahāsatipaṭṭhāne, majjhimanikāyamhi satipaṭṭhāne, cūḷataṇhāsaṅkhaye, mahātaṇhāsaṅkhaye, cūḷavedallasutte, mahāvedallasutte, raṭṭhapālasutte, māgaṇḍiyasutte, dhātuvibhaṅge, āneñjasappāye, sakale vedanāsaṃyutte</span>ti evaṃ anekesu suttantesu paṭhamaṃ rūpakammaṭṭhānaṃ kathetvā <a name="V2.0284"></a> pacchā arūpakammaṭṭhānaṃ vedanāvasena nivattetvā dassesi. Yathā ca tesu tesu, evaṃ imasmimpi sakkapañhe paṭhamaṃ rūpakammaṭṭhānaṃ kathetvā pacchā arūpakammaṭṭhānaṃ vedanāvasena nivattetvā dassesi. Rūpakammaṭṭhānaṃ panettha vedanāya ārammaṇamattakaṃyeva saṅkhittaṃ, tasmā pāḷiyaṃ nāruḷhaṃ bhavissati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para360"></a><a name="para360_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">360</span>. Arūpakammaṭṭhāne yaṃ tassa pākaṭaṃ vedanāvasena abhinivesamukhaṃ, tameva dassetuṃ <span class="bld">somanassaṃpāhaṃ, devānamindā</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">duvidhenā</span>ti dvividhena, dvīhi koṭṭhāsehīti attho. <span class="bld">Evarūpaṃ somanassaṃ na sevitabba</span>nti evarūpaṃ gehasitasomanassaṃ na sevitabbaṃ. Gehasitasomanassaṃ nāma ‘‘tattha katamāni cha gehasitāni somanassāni? Cakkhuviññeyyānaṃ rūpānaṃ iṭṭhānaṃ kantānaṃ manāpānaṃ manoramānaṃ lokāmisapaṭisaṃyuttānaṃ paṭilābhaṃ vā paṭilābhato samanupassato, pubbe vā paṭiladdhapubbaṃ atītaṃ niruddhaṃ vipariṇataṃ samanussarato uppajjati somanassaṃ, yaṃ evarūpaṃ somanassaṃ, idaṃ vuccati gehasitaṃ somanassa’’nti evaṃ chasu dvāresu vuttakāmaguṇanissitaṃ somanassaṃ (ma. ni. 3.306).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evarūpaṃ</span> <a name="M2.0317"></a> <span class="bld">somanassaṃ sevitabba</span>nti evarūpaṃ nekkhammasitaṃ somanassaṃ sevitabbaṃ. Nekkhammasitaṃ somanassaṃ nāma – ‘‘tattha katamāni cha nekkhammasitāni somanassāni? Rūpānaṃ <a name="P3.0725"></a> tveva aniccataṃ viditvā vipariṇāmavirāganirodhaṃ pubbe ceva rūpā etarahi ca sabbe te rūpā aniccā, dukkhā, vipariṇāmadhammāti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passato uppajjati somanassaṃ, yaṃ evarūpaṃ somanassaṃ, idaṃ vuccati nekkhammasitaṃ somanassa’’nti (ma. ni. 3.308) evaṃ chasu dvāresu iṭṭhārammaṇe āpāthagate aniccādivasena vipassanaṃ paṭṭhapetvā ussukkāpetuṃ sakkontassa ‘‘ussukkitā me vipassanā’’ti somanassajātassa uppannaṃ somanassaṃ. <span class="bld">Sevitabba</span>nti idaṃ nekkhammavasena, vipassanāvasena, anussativasena, paṭhamajjhānādivasena ca uppajjanakasomanassaṃ sevitabbaṃ nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">yaṃ ce savitakkaṃ savicāra</span>nti tasmimpi nekkhammasite somanasse yaṃ nekkhammavasena, vipassanāvasena, anussativasena, paṭhamajjhānavasena ca uppannaṃ savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ somanassanti jāneyya. <span class="bld">Yaṃ ce avitakkaṃ avicāra</span>nti yaṃ pana dutiyatatiyajjhānavasena uppannaṃ avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ somanassanti jāneyya. <span class="bld">Ye avitakke avicāre, te paṇītatare</span>ti etesupi dvīsu yaṃ avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ, taṃ paṇītataranti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Iminā <a name="V2.0285"></a> kiṃ kathitaṃ hoti? Dvinnaṃ arahattaṃ kathitaṃ. Kathaṃ? Eko kira bhikkhu savitakkasavicāre somanasse vipassanaṃ paṭṭhapetvā ‘‘idaṃ somanassaṃ kiṃ nissita’’nti upadhārento ‘‘vatthunissita’’nti pajānātīti phassapañcamake vuttanayeneva anukkamena arahatte patiṭṭhāti. Eko avitakkaavicāre somanasse vipassanaṃ paṭṭhapetvā vuttanayeneva arahatte patiṭṭhāti. Tattha abhiniviṭṭhasomanassesupi savitakkasavicārato avitakkaavicāraṃ paṇītataraṃ. Savitakkasavicārasomanassavipassanātopi avitakkaavicāravipassanā paṇītatarā. Savitakkasavicārasomanassaphalasamāpattitopi avitakkaavicārasomanassaphalasamāpattiyeva paṇītatarā. Tenāha bhagavā ‘‘ye avitakke avicāre, te paṇītatare’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para361"></a><a name="para361_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">361</span>. <span class="bld">Evarūpaṃ</span> <a name="M2.0318"></a> <span class="bld">domanassaṃ na sevitabba</span>nti evarūpaṃ gehasitadomanassaṃ na sevitabbaṃ. Gehasitadomanassaṃ nāma – ‘‘tattha katamāni cha gehasitāni domanassāni? Cakkhuviññeyyānaṃ rūpānaṃ iṭṭhānaṃ kantānaṃ manāpānaṃ manoramānaṃ lokāmisapaṭisaṃyuttānaṃ appaṭilābhaṃ vā appaṭilābhato <a name="P3.0726"></a> samanupassato pubbe vā apaṭiladdhapubbaṃ atītaṃ niruddhaṃ vipariṇataṃ samanussarato uppajjati domanassaṃ, yaṃ evarūpaṃ domanassaṃ, idaṃ vuccati gehasitadomanassa’’nti (ma. ni. 3.307). Evaṃ chasu dvāresu iṭṭhārammaṇaṃ nānubhaviṃ, nānubhavissāmi, nānubhavāmīti vitakkayato uppannaṃ kāmaguṇanissitaṃ domanassaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evarūpaṃ domanassaṃ sevitabba</span>nti evarūpaṃ nekkhammasitadomanassaṃ sevitabbaṃ. Nekkhammasitadomanassaṃ nāma – ‘‘tattha katamāni cha nekkhammasitāni domanassāni? Rūpānaṃ tveva aniccataṃ viditvā vipariṇāmavirāganirodhaṃ pubbe ceva rūpā etarahi ca sabbe te rūpā aniccā, dukkhā, vipariṇāmadhammāti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sampappaññāya disvā anuttaresu vimokkhesu pihaṃ upaṭṭhāpeti ‘kudāssu nāmāhaṃ tadāyatanaṃ, upasampajja viharissāmi, yadariyā etarahi āyatanaṃ upasampajja viharantī’ti. Iti anuttaresu vimokkhesu pihaṃ upaṭṭhāpayato uppajjati pihapaccayā domanassaṃ, yaṃ evarūpaṃ domanassaṃ, idaṃ vuccati nekkhammasitadomanassa’’nti (ma. ni. 3.307) evaṃ chasu dvāresu iṭṭhārammaṇe āpāthagate anuttaravimokkhasaṅkhātaariyaphaladhammesu pihaṃ upaṭṭhapetvā tadadhigamāya aniccādivasena vipassanaṃ paṭṭhapetvā ussukkāpetumasakkontassa imampi pakkhaṃ, imampi māsaṃ, imampi saṃvaccharaṃ vipassanaṃ ussukkāpetvā ariyabhūmiṃ pāpuṇituṃ nāsakkhinti anusocato uppannaṃ domanassaṃ. <span class="bld">Sevitabba</span>nti idaṃ nekkhammavasena, vipassanāvasena, anussativasena, paṭhamajjhānādivasena ca uppajjanakadomanassaṃ sevitabbaṃ nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="V2.0286"></a> <span class="bld">yaṃ ce savitakkasavicāra</span>nti tasmimpi duvidhe domanasse gehasitadomanassameva savitakkasavicāradomanassaṃ nāma. Nekkhammavasena, vipassanāvasena, anussativasena, paṭhamadutiyajjhānavasena ca uppannadomanassaṃ pana avitakkaavicāradomanassanti veditabbaṃ. Nippariyāyena pana avitakkaavicāradomanassaṃ nāma natthi. Domanassindriyañhi ekaṃsena akusalañceva savitakkasavicārañca, etassa pana bhikkhuno maññanavasena <a name="P3.0727"></a> savitakkasavicāranti ca avitakkaavicāranti ca vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatrāyaṃ <a name="M2.0319"></a> nayo – idha bhikkhu domanassapaccayabhūte savitakkasavicāradhamme avitakkaavicāradhamme ca domanassapaccayā eva uppanne maggaphaladhamme ca aññesaṃ paṭipattidassanavasena domanassanti gahetvā ‘‘kadā nu kho me savitakkasavicāradomanasse vipassanā paṭṭhapitā bhavissati, kadā avitakkaavicāradomanasse’’ti ca ‘‘kadā nu kho me savitakkasavicāradomanassaphalasamāpatti nibbattitā bhavissati, kadā avitakkaavicāradomanassaphalasamāpattī’’ti cintetvā temāsikaṃ, chamāsikaṃ, navamāsikaṃ vā paṭipadaṃ gaṇhāti. Temāsikaṃ gahetvā paṭhamamāse ekaṃ yāmaṃ jaggati, dve yāme niddāya okāsaṃ karoti, majjhime māse dve yāme jaggati, ekaṃ yāmaṃ niddāya okāsaṃ karoti, pacchimamāse caṅkamanisajjāyeva yāpeti. Evaṃ ce arahattaṃ pāpuṇāti, iccetaṃ kusalaṃ. No ce pāpuṇāti, visesetvā chamāsikaṃ gaṇhāti. Tatrāpi dve dve māse vuttanayena paṭipajjitvā arahattaṃ pāpuṇituṃ asakkonto visesetvā navamāsikaṃ gaṇhāti. Tatrāpi tayo tayo māse tatheva paṭipajjitvā arahattaṃ pāpuṇituṃ asakkontassa ‘‘na ladvaṃ vata me sabrahmacārīhi saddhiṃ visuddhipavāraṇaṃ pavāretu’’nti āvajjato domanassaṃ uppajjati, assudhārā pavattanti gāmantapabbhāravāsīmahāsīvattherassa viya.</p>
<p class="subhead">Mahāsīvattheravatthu</p>
<p class="bodytext">Thero kira aṭṭhārasa mahāgaṇe vācesi. Tassovāde ṭhatvā tiṃsasahassā bhikkhū arahattaṃ pāpuṇiṃsu. Atheko bhikkhu ‘‘mayhaṃ tāva abbhantare guṇā appamāṇā, kīdisā nu kho me ācariyassa guṇā’’ti āvajjanto puthujjanabhāvaṃ passitvā ‘‘amhākaṃ ācariyo aññesaṃ avassayo hoti, attano bhavituṃ na sakkoti, ovādamassa dassāmī’’ti ākāsena gantvā vihārasamīpe otaritvā divāṭṭhāne nisinnaṃ ācariyaṃ upasaṅkamitvā vattaṃ dassetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Thero <a name="V2.0287"></a> – ‘‘kiṃ kāraṇā āgatosi piṇḍapātikā’’ti āha. Ekaṃ anumodanaṃ gaṇhissāmīti āgatosmi, bhanteti. Okāso na bhavissati, āvusoti? Vitakkamāḷake ṭhitakāle pucchissāmi, bhanteti. Tasmiṃ ṭhāne aññe <a name="P3.0728"></a> pucchantīti. Bhikkhācāramagge, bhanteti. Tatrāpi aññe pucchantīti. Dupaṭṭanivāsanaṭṭhāne, saṅghāṭipārupanaṭṭhāne, pattanīharaṇaṭṭhāne, gāme <a name="M2.0320"></a> caritvā āsanasālāyaṃ yāgupītakāle, bhanteti. Tattha aṭṭhakathātherā attano kaṅkhaṃ vinodenti, āvusoti. Antogāmato nikkhantakāle pucchissāmi, bhanteti. Tatrāpi aññe pucchanti, āvusoti. Antarāmagge, bhante, bhojanasālāyaṃ bhattakiccapariyosāne, bhante, divāṭṭhāne, pādadhovanakāle, mukhadhovanakāle, bhanteti? Tadā aññe pucchantīti. Tato paṭṭhāya yāva aruṇā apare pucchanti, āvusoti. Dantakaṭṭhaṃ gahetvā mukhadhovanatthaṃ gamanakāle, bhanteti? Tadā aññe pucchantīti. Mukhaṃ dhovitvā āgamanakāle, bhanteti? Tatrāpi aññe pucchantīti. Senāsanaṃ pavisitvā nisinnakāle, bhanteti? Tatrāpi aññe pucchantīti. Bhante, nanu mukhaṃ dhovitvā senāsanaṃ pavisitvā tayo cattāro pallaṅke usumaṃ gāhāpetvā yonisomanasikāre kammaṃ karontānaṃ okāsakālena bhavitabbaṃ siyā, maraṇakhaṇampi na labhissatha, bhante, phalakasadisattha bhante parassa avassayo hotha, attano bhavituṃ na sakkotha, na me tumhākaṃ anumodanāya atthoti ākāse uppatitvā agamāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Thero – ‘‘imassa bhikkhuno pariyattiyā kammaṃ natthi, mayhaṃ pana aṅkusako bhavissāmīti āgato’’ti ñatvā ‘‘idāni okāso na bhavissati, paccūsakāle gamissāmī’’ti pattacīvaraṃ samīpe katvā sabbaṃ divasabhāgaṃ paṭhamayāmamajjhimayāmañca dhammaṃ vācetvā pacchimayāme ekasmiṃ there uddesaṃ gahetvā nikkhante pattacīvaraṃ gahetvā teneva saddhiṃ nikkhanto. Nisinnaantevāsikā ācariyo kenaci papañcena nikkhantoti maññiṃsu. Nikkhanto thero koci deva samānācariyabhikkhūti saññaṃ akāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Thero kira ‘‘mādisassa arahattaṃ nāma kiṃ, dvīhatīheneva pāpuṇitvā paccāgamissāmī’’ti antevāsikānaṃ anārocetvāva āsāḷhīmāsassa juṇhapakkhaterasiyā nikkhanto gāmantapabbhāraṃ gantvā caṅkamaṃ āruyha kammaṭṭhānaṃ manasikaronto taṃ divasaṃ arahattaṃ gahetuṃ nāsakkhi. Uposathadivase sampatte ‘‘dvīhatīhena arahattaṃ gaṇhissāmīti āgato<a name="P3.0729"></a>, gahetuṃ pana nāsakkhiṃ. Tayo māse pana tīṇi divasāni viya yāva mahāpavāraṇā tāva jānissāmī’’ti vassaṃ upagantvāpi gahetuṃ nāsakkhi. Pavāraṇādivase cintesi – ‘‘ahaṃ dvīhatīhena <a name="V2.0288"></a> arahattaṃ gaṇhissāmīti āgato<a name="M2.0321"></a>, temāsenāpi nāsakkhiṃ, sabrahmacārino pana visuddhipavāraṇaṃ pavārentī’’ti. Tassevaṃ cintayato assudhārā pavattanti. Tato ‘‘na mañce mayhaṃ catūhi iriyāpathehi maggaphalaṃ uppajjissati, arahattaṃ appatvā neva mañce piṭṭhiṃ pasāressāmi, na pāde dhovissāmī’’ti mañcaṃ ussāpetvā ṭhapesi. Puna antovassaṃ pattaṃ, arahattaṃ gahetuṃ nāsakkhiyeva. Ekūnatiṃsapavāraṇāsu assudhārā pavattanti. Gāmadārakā therassa pādesu phālitaṭṭhānāni kaṇṭakehi sibbanti, davaṃ karontāpi ‘‘ayyassa mahāsīvattherassa viya pādā hontū’’ti davaṃ karonti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Thero tiṃsasaṃvacchare mahāpavāraṇādivase ālambaṇaphalakaṃ nissāya ṭhito ‘‘idāni me tiṃsa vassāni samaṇadhammaṃ karontassa, nāsakkhiṃ arahattaṃ pāpuṇituṃ, addhā me imasmiṃ attabhāve maggo vā phalaṃ vā natthi, na me laddhaṃ sabrahmacārīhi saddhiṃ visuddhipavāraṇaṃ pavāretu’’nti cintesi. Tassevaṃ cintayatova domanassaṃ uppajji, assudhārā pavattanti. Atha avidūraṭṭhāne ekā devadhītā rodamānā aṭṭhāsi. ‘‘Ko ettha rodasī’’ti? ‘‘Ahaṃ, bhante, devadhītā’’ti. ‘‘Kasmā rodasī’’ti? ‘‘Rodamānena maggaphalaṃ nibbattitaṃ, tena ahampi ekaṃ dve maggaphalāni nibbattessāmīti rodāmi, bhante’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tato thero – ‘‘bho mahāsīvatthera, devatāpi tayā saddhiṃ keḷiṃ karonti, anucchavikaṃ nu kho te eta’’nti vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā saha paṭisambhidāhi arahattaṃ aggahesi. So ‘‘idāni nipajjissāmī’’ti senāsanaṃ paṭijaggitvā mañcakaṃ paññapetvā udakaṭṭhāne udakaṃ paccupaṭṭhapetvā ‘‘pāde dhovissāmī’’ti sopānaphalake nisīdi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Antevāsikāpissa ‘‘amhākaṃ ācariyassa samaṇadhammaṃ kātuṃ gacchantassa tiṃsa vassāni, sakkhi nu kho visesaṃ nibbattetuṃ, nāsakkhī’’ti āvajjayamānā ‘‘arahattaṃ patvā pādadhovanatthaṃ nisinno’’ti disvā ‘‘amhākaṃ ācariyo amhādisesu antevāsikesu tiṭṭhantesu ‘attanāva pāde dhovissatī’ti aṭṭhānametaṃ, ahaṃ dhovissāmi ahaṃ dhovissāmī’’ti tiṃsasahassānipi ākāsena gantvā vanditvā ‘‘pāde <a name="P3.0730"></a> dhovissāma, bhante’’ti <a name="M2.0322"></a> āhaṃsu. Āvuso, idāni tiṃsa vassāni honti mama pādānaṃ adhotānaṃ, tiṭṭhatha, tumhe, ahameva dhovissāmīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sakkopi āvajjanto – ‘‘mayhaṃ ayyo mahāsīvatthero arahattaṃ patto tiṃsasahassānaṃ antevāsikānaṃ ‘pāde dhovissāmā’ti āgatānaṃ pāde dhovituṃ na deti. Mādise pana upaṭṭhāke tiṭṭhante <a name="V2.0289"></a> ‘mayhaṃ ayyo sayaṃ pāde dhovissatī’ti aṭṭhānametaṃ, ahaṃ dhovissāmī’’ti sanniṭṭhānaṃ katvā sujātāya deviyā saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghassa santike pāturahosi. So sujaṃ asurakaññaṃ purato katvā ‘‘apetha, bhante, mātugāmo’’ti okāsaṃ kāretvā theraṃ upasaṅkamitvā vanditvā purato ukkuṭiko nisīditvā ‘‘pāde dhovissāmi, bhante’’ti āha. Kosiya, idāni me tiṃsa vassāni pādānaṃ adhotānaṃ, devatānañca pakatiyāpi manussasarīragandho nāma jeguccho, yojanasate ṭhitānampi kaṇṭhe āsattakuṇapaṃ viya hoti, ahameva dhovissāmīti. Bhante, ayaṃ gandho nāma na paññāyati, tumhākaṃ pana sīlagandho cha devaloke atikkamitvā upari bhavaggaṃ patvā ṭhito. Sīlagandhato añño uttaritaro gandho nāma natthi, bhante, tumhākaṃ sīlagandhenamhi āgatoti vāmahatthena gopphakasandhiyaṃ gahetvā dakkhiṇahatthena pādatalaṃ parimajji. Daharakumārasseva pādā ahesuṃ. Sakko pāde dhovitvā vanditvā devalokameva gato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ ‘‘na labhāmi sabrahmacārīhi saddhiṃ visuddhipavāraṇaṃ pavāretu’’nti āvajjantassa uppannaṃ domanassaṃ nissāya bhikkhuno maññanavasena vipassanāya ārammaṇampi vipassanāpi maggopi phalampi savitakkasavicāradomanassanti ca avitakkāvicāradomanassanti ca vuttanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha eko bhikkhu savitakkasavicāradomanasse vipassanaṃ paṭṭhapetvā idaṃ domanassaṃ kiṃ nissitanti upadhārento vatthunissitanti pajānātīti phassapañcamake vuttanayeneva anukkamena arahatte patiṭṭhāti. Eko avitakkāvicāre domanasse vipassanaṃ paṭṭhapetvā vuttanayeneva arahatte patiṭṭhāti. Tattha abhiniviṭṭhadomanassesupi savitakkasavicārato avitakkaavicāraṃ paṇītataraṃ. Savitakkasavicāradomanassavipassanātopi avitakkāvicāradomanassavipassanā <a name="P3.0731"></a> paṇītatarā. Savitakkasavicāradomanassaphalasamāpattitopi avitakkāvicāradomanassaphalasamāpattiyeva paṇītatarā<a name="M2.0323"></a>. Tenāha bhagavā – ‘‘ye avitakkaavicāre te paṇītatare’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para362"></a><a name="para362_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">362</span>. <span class="bld">Evarūpā upekkhā na sevitabbā</span>ti evarūpā gehasitaupekkhā na sevitabbā. Gehasitaupekkhā nāma ‘‘tattha katamā cha gehasitaupekkhā. Cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā uppajjati upekkhā bālassa mūḷhassa puthujjanassa anodhijinassa avipākajinassa anādīnavadassāvino assutavato puthujjanassa, yā evarūpā upekkhā, rūpaṃ sā nātivattati, tasmā sā upekkhā gehasitāti vuccatī’’ti evaṃ chasu dvāresu iṭṭhārammaṇe āpāthagate guḷapiṇḍike nilīnamakkhikā <a name="V2.0290"></a> viya rūpādīni anativattamānā tattheva laggā laggitā hutvā uppannā kāmaguṇanissitā upekkhā na sevitabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evarūpā upekkhā sevitabbā</span>ti evarūpā nekkhammasitā upekkhā sevitabbā. Nekkhammasitā upekkhā nāma – ‘‘tattha katamā cha nekkhammasitā upekkhā? Rūpānaṃ tveva aniccataṃ viditvā vipariṇāmavirāganirodhaṃ ‘pubbe ceva rūpā etarahi ca, sabbe te rūpā aniccā, dukkhā, vipariṇāmadhammā’ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passato uppajjati upekkhā, yā evarūpā upekkhā, rūpaṃ sā ativattati, tasmā sā upekkhā nekkhammasitāti vuccatī’’ti (ma. ni. 3.308). Evaṃ chasu dvāresu iṭṭhāniṭṭhaārammaṇe āpāthagate iṭṭhe arajjantassa, aniṭṭhe adussantassa, asamapekkhanena asammuyhantassa uppannā vipassanā ñāṇasampayuttā upekkhā. Apica vedanāsabhāgā tatra majjhattupekkhāpi ettha upekkhāva. Tasmā <span class="bld">sevitabbā</span>ti ayaṃ nekkhammavasena vipassanāvasena anussatiṭṭhānavasena paṭhamadutiyatatiyacatutthajjhānavasena ca uppajjanakaupekkhā sevitabbā nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha <span class="bld">yaṃ ce savitakkaṃ savicāra</span>nti tāyapi nekkhammasitaupekkhāya yaṃ nekkhammavasena vipassanāvasena anussatiṭṭhānavasena paṭhamajjhānavasena ca uppannaṃ savitakkasavicāraṃ upekkhanti jāneyya. <span class="bld">Yaṃ ce avitakkaṃ avicāra</span>nti yaṃ pana dutiyajjhānādivasena uppannaṃ avitakkāvicāraṃ upekkhanti jāneyya. <span class="bld">Ye</span> <a name="P3.0732"></a> <span class="bld">avitakke avicāre te paṇītatare</span>ti etāsu dvīsu yā avitakkaavicārā, sā paṇītatarāti attho. Iminā kiṃ kathitaṃ hoti<a name="M2.0324"></a>? Dvinnaṃ arahattaṃ kathitaṃ. Eko hi bhikkhu savitakkasavicāraupekkhāya vipassanaṃ paṭṭhapetvā ayaṃ upekkhā kiṃ nissitāti upadhārento vatthunissitāti pajānātīti phassapañcamake vuttanayeneva anukkamena arahatte patiṭṭhāti. Eko avitakkāvicārāya upekkhāya vipassanaṃ paṭṭhapetvā vuttanayeneva arahatte patiṭṭhāti. Tattha abhiniviṭṭhaupekkhāsupi savitakkasavicārato avitakkāvicārā paṇītatarā. Savitakkasavicāraupekkhāvipassanātopi avitakkāvicāraupekkhāvipassanāpaṇītatarā. Savitakkasavicāraupekkhāphalasamāpattitopi avitakkāvicārupekkhāphalasamāpattiyeva paṇītatarā. Tenāha bhagavā ‘‘ye avitakke avicāre te paṇītatare’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para363"></a><a name="para363_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">363</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ paṭipanno kho, devānaminda, bhikkhu papañcasaññāsaṅkhānirodhasāruppagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ paṭipanno hotī</span>ti bhagavā arahattanikūṭena desanaṃ niṭṭhapesi. Sakko pana sotāpattiphalaṃ <a name="V2.0291"></a> patto. Buddhānañhi ajjhāsayo hīno na hoti, ukkaṭṭhova hoti. Ekassapi bahūnampi dhammaṃ desentā arahatteneva kūṭaṃ gaṇhanti. Sattā pana attano anurūpe upanissaye ṭhitā keci sotāpannā honti, keci sakadāgāmī, keci anāgāmī, keci arahanto. Rājā viya hi bhagavā, rājakumārā viya veneyyā. Yathā hi rājā bhojanakāle attano pamāṇena piṇḍaṃ uddharitvā rājakumārānaṃ upaneti, te tato attano mukhappamāṇeneva kabaḷaṃ karonti, evaṃ bhagavā attajjhāsayānurūpāya desanāya arahatteneva kūṭaṃ gaṇhāti. Veneyyā attano upanissayappamāṇena tato sotāpattiphalamattaṃ vā sakadāgāmianāgāmiarahattaphalameva vā gaṇhanti. Sakko pana sotāpanno jāto. Sotāpanno ca hutvā bhagavato puratoyeva cavitvā taruṇasakko hutvā nibbatti, devatānañhi cavamānānaṃ attabhāvassa gatāgataṭṭhānaṃ nāma na paññāyati, dīpasikhāgamanaṃ viya hoti. Tasmā sesadevatā na jāniṃsu. Sakko pana sayaṃ cutattā bhagavā ca appaṭihatañāṇattā dveva janā jāniṃsu. Atha sakko cintesi <a name="P3.0733"></a> ‘‘mayhañhi bhagavatā tīsu ṭhānesu nibbattitaphalameva kathitaṃ, ayañca pana maggo vā phalaṃ vā sakuṇikāya viya uppatitvā gahetuṃ na sakkā, āgamanīyapubbabhāgapaṭipadāya assa bhavitabbaṃ. Handāhaṃ upari khīṇāsavassa pubbabhāgapaṭipadaṃ pucchāmī’’ti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Pātimokkhasaṃvaravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para364"></a><a name="para364_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">364</span>. Tato <a name="M2.0325"></a> taṃ pucchanto <span class="bld">kathaṃ paṭipanno pana, mārisā</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">pātimokkhasaṃvarāyā</span>ti uttamajeṭṭhakasīlasaṃvarāya. <span class="bld">Kāyasamācārampī</span>tiādi sevitabbakāyasamācārādivasena pātimokkhasaṃvaradassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Sīlakathā ca nāmesā kammapathavasena vā paṇṇattivasena vā kathetabbā hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha kammapathavasena kathentena asevitabbakāyasamācāro tāva pāṇātipātaadinnādānamicchācārehi kathetabbo. Paṇṇattivasena kathentena kāyadvāre paññattasikkhāpadavītikkamavasena kathetabbo. Sevitabbakāyasamācāro pāṇātipātādiveramaṇīhi ceva kāyadvāre paññattasikkhāpadaavītikkamena ca kathetabbo. Asevitabbavacīsamācāro musāvādādivacīduccaritena ceva vacīdvāre paññattasikkhāpadavītikkamena ca kathetabbo. Sevitabbavacīsamācāro musāvādādiveramaṇīhi ceva vacīdvāre paññattasikkhāpadaavītikkamena ca kathetabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pariyesanā <a name="V2.0292"></a> pana kāyavācāhi pariyesanāyeva. Sā kāyavacīsamācāragahaṇena gahitāpi samānā yasmā ājīvaṭṭhamakasīlaṃ nāma etasmiññeva dvāradvaye uppajjati, na ākāse, tasmā ājīvaṭṭhamakasīladassanatthaṃ visuṃ vuttā. Tattha nasevitabbapariyesanā anariyapariyesanāya kathetabbā. Sevitabbapariyesanā ariyapariyesanāya. Vuttañhetaṃ –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Dvemā, bhikkhave, pariyesanā anariyā ca pariyesanā, ariyā ca pariyesanā. Katamā ca, bhikkhave, anariyā pariyesanā? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco attanā jātidhammo samāno jātidhammaṃyeva pariyesati, attanā jarādhammo, byādhidhammo, maraṇadhammo, sokadhammo, saṃkilesadhammo samāno saṃkilesadhammaṃyeva pariyesati.</p>
<p class="indent">Kiñca, bhikkhave, jātidhammaṃ vadetha? Puttabhariyaṃ, bhikkhave<a name="P3.0734"></a>, jātidhammaṃ, dāsidāsaṃ jātidhammaṃ ajeḷakaṃ jātidhammaṃ, kukkuṭasūkaraṃ jātidhammaṃ, hatthigavāssavaḷavaṃ jātidhammaṃ, jātarūparajataṃ jātidhammaṃ. Jātidhammā <a name="M2.0326"></a> hete, bhikkhave, upadhayo, etthāyaṃ gathito mucchito ajjhāpanno attanā jātidhammo samāno jātidhammaṃyeva pariyesati.</p>
<p class="indent">Kiñca, bhikkhave, jarādhammaṃ vadetha? Puttabhariyaṃ, bhikkhave, jarādhammaṃ…pe… jarādhammaṃyeva pariyesati.</p>
<p class="indent">Kiñca, bhikkhave, byādhidhammaṃ vadetha? Puttabhariyaṃ, bhikkhave, byādhidhammaṃ, dāsidāsaṃ byādhidhammaṃ, ajeḷakaṃ, kukkuṭasūkaraṃ, hatthigavāssavaḷavaṃ byādhidhammaṃ. Byādhidhammā hete, bhikkhave, upadhayo, etthāyaṃ gathito mucchito ajjhāpanno attanā byādhidhammo samāno byādhidhammaṃyeva pariyesati.</p>
<p class="indent">Kiñca, bhikkhave, maraṇadhammaṃ vadetha? Puttabhariyaṃ, bhikkhave, maraṇadhammaṃ…pe… maraṇadhammaṃyeva pariyesati.</p>
<p class="indent">Kiñca, bhikkhave, sokadhammaṃ vadetha? Puttabhariyaṃ…pe… sokadhammaṃyeva pariyesati.</p>
<p class="indent">Kiñca, bhikkhave, saṃkilesadhammaṃ vadetha…pe… jātarūparajataṃ saṃkilesadhammaṃ. Saṃkilesadhammā<a name="V2.0293"></a>, hete, bhikkhave, upadhayo, etthāyaṃ gathito mucchito ajjhāpanno attanā saṃkilesadhammo samāno saṃkilesadhammaṃyeva pariyesati. Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, anariyā pariyesanāti (ma. ni. 1.274).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica kuhanādivasena pañcavidhā, agocaravasena chabbidhā vejjakammādivasena ekavīsatividhā, evaṃ pavattā sabbāpi anesanā anariyapariyesanāyevāti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Katamā ca, bhikkhave, ariyā pariyesanā? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco attanā jātidhammo samāno jātidhamme ādīnavaṃ viditvā ajātaṃ anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ nibbānaṃ pariyesati, attanā jarādhammo, byādhi, maraṇa, soka, saṃkilesadhammo samāno saṃkilesadhamme ādīnavaṃ viditvā asaṃkiliṭṭhaṃ anuttaraṃ <a name="M2.0327"></a> yogakkhemaṃ nibbānaṃ pariyesati. Ayaṃ ariyā pariyesanāti (ma. ni. 1.275).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica pañca kuhanādīni cha agocare ekavīsatividhañca anesanaṃ vajjetvā bhikkhācariyāya dhammena samena pariyesanāpi ariyapariyesanāyevāti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca yo yo <a name="P3.0735"></a> ‘‘na sevitabbo’’ti vutto, so so pubbabhāge pāṇātipātādīnaṃ sambhārapariyesanāpayogakaraṇagamanakālato paṭṭhāya na sevitabbova. Itaro ādito paṭṭhāya sevitabbo, asakkontena cittampi uppādetabbaṃ. Apica saṅghabhedādīnaṃ atthāya parakkamantānaṃ devadattādīnaṃ viya kāyasamācāro na sevitabbo, divasassa dvattikkhattuṃ tiṇṇaṃ ratanānaṃ upaṭṭhānagamanādivasena pavatto dhammasenāpatimahāmoggallānattherādīnaṃ viya kāyasamācāro sevitabbo. Dhanuggahapesanādivasena vācaṃ bhindantānaṃ devadattādīnaṃ viya vacīsamācāro na sevitabbo, tiṇṇaṃ ratanānaṃ guṇakittanādivasena pavatto dhammasenāpatimahāmoggallānattherādīnaṃ viya vacīsamācāro sevitabbo. Anariyapariyesanaṃ pariyesantānaṃ devadattādīnaṃ viya pariyesanā na sevitabbā, ariyapariyesanameva pariyesantānaṃ dhammasenāpatimahāmoggallānattherādīnaṃ viya pariyesanā sevitabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evaṃ paṭipanno kho</span>ti evaṃ asevitabbaṃ kāyavacīsamācāraṃ pariyesanañca pahāya sevitabbānaṃ pāripūriyā paṭipanno, devānaminda, bhikkhu pātimokkhasaṃvarāya uttamajeṭṭhakasīlasaṃvaratthāya <a name="V2.0294"></a> paṭipanno nāma hotīti bhagavā khīṇāsavassa āgamanīyapubbabhāgapaṭipadaṃ kathesi.</p>
<p class="subhead">Indriyasaṃvaravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para365"></a><a name="para365_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">365</span>. Dutiyapucchāyaṃ <span class="bld">indriyasaṃvarāyā</span>ti indriyānaṃ pidhānāya, guttadvāratāya saṃvutadvāratāyāti attho. Vissajjane panassa <span class="bld">cakkhuviññeyyaṃ rūpampī</span>tiādi sevitabbarūpādivasena indriyasaṃvaradassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">evaṃ vutte</span>ti heṭṭhā somanassādipañhāvissajjanānaṃ sutattā imināpi evarūpena bhavitabbanti sañjātapaṭibhāno bhagavatā evaṃ vutte sakko devānamindo <a name="M2.0328"></a> bhagavantaṃ etadavoca, etaṃ <span class="bld">imassa kho ahaṃ, bhante</span>ti ādikaṃ vacanaṃ avoca. Bhagavāpissa okāsaṃ datvā tuṇhī ahosi. Kathetukāmopi hi yo atthaṃ sampādetuṃ na sakkoti, atthaṃ sampādetuṃ sakkonto vā na kathetukāmo hoti, na tassa bhagavā okāsaṃ karoti. Ayaṃ pana yasmā kathetukāmo ceva, sakkoti ca atthaṃ sampādetuṃ tenassa bhagavā okāsamakāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">evarūpaṃ na sevitabba</span>nti ādīsu ayaṃ saṅkhepo – yaṃ <a name="P3.0736"></a> rūpaṃ passato rāgādayo uppajjanti, taṃ na sevitabbaṃ na daṭṭhabbaṃ na oloketabbanti attho. Yaṃ pana passato asubhasaññā vā saṇṭhāti, pasādo vā uppajjati, aniccasaññāpaṭilābho vā hoti, taṃ sevitabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yaṃ cittakkharaṃ cittabyañjanampi saddaṃ suṇato rāgādayo uppajjanti, evarūpo saddo na sevitabbo. Yaṃ pana atthanissitaṃ dhammanissitaṃ kumbhadāsigītampi suṇantassa pasādo vā uppajjati, nibbidā vā saṇṭhāti, evarūpo saddo sevitabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yaṃ gandhaṃ ghāyato rāgādayo uppajjanti, evarūpo gandho na sevitabbo. Yaṃ pana gandhaṃ ghāyato asubhasaññādipaṭilābho hoti, evarūpo gandho sevitabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yaṃ rasaṃ sāyato rāgādayo uppajjanti, evarūpo raso na sevitabbo. Yaṃ pana rasaṃ sāyato āhāre paṭikūlasaññā ceva uppajjati, sāyitapaccayā ca kāyabalaṃ nissāya ariyabhūmiṃ <a name="V2.0295"></a> okkamituṃ sakkoti, mahāsīvattherabhāgineyyasīvasāmaṇerassa viya paribhuñjantasseva kilesakkhayo vā hoti, evarūpo raso sevitabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yaṃ phoṭṭhabbaṃ phusato rāgādayo uppajjanti, evarūpaṃ phoṭṭhabbaṃ na sevitabbaṃ. Yaṃ pana phusato sāriputtattherādīnaṃ viya āsavakkhayo ceva, vīriyañca supaggahitaṃ, pacchimā ca janatā diṭṭhānugatiṃ āpādanena anuggahitā hoti, evarūpaṃ phoṭṭhabbaṃ sevitabbaṃ. Sāriputtatthero kira tiṃsa vassāni mañce piṭṭhiṃ na pasāresi. Tathā mahāmoggallānatthero. Mahākassapatthero vīsavassasataṃ mañce piṭṭhiṃ na pasāresi. Anuruddhatthero paññāsa vassāni. Bhaddiyatthero tiṃsa vassāni. Soṇatthero aṭṭhārasa <a name="M2.0329"></a> vassāni. Raṭṭhapālatthero dvādasa. Ānandatthero pannarasa. Rāhulatthero dvādasa. Bākulatthero asīti vassāni. Nāḷakatthero yāvaparinibbānā mañce piṭṭhiṃ na pasāresīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ye manoviññeyye dhamme samannāharantassa rāgādayo uppajjanti, ‘‘aho, vata yaṃ paresaṃ paravittūpakaraṇaṃ taṃ mamassā’’tiādinā nayena vā abhijjhādīni āpāthamāgacchanti evarūpā dhammā na sevitabbā. ‘‘Sabbe sattā averā hontū’’ti evaṃ mettādivasena, ye vā pana tiṇṇaṃ therānaṃ dhammā, evarūpā sevitabbā. Tayo kira therā vassūpanāyikadivase kāmavitakkādayo <a name="P3.0737"></a> akusalavitakkā na vitakketabbāti katikaṃ akaṃsu. Atha pavāraṇadivase saṅghatthero saṅghanavakaṃ pucchi – ‘‘āvuso, imasmiṃ temāse kittake ṭhāne cittassa dhāvituṃ dinna’’nti? Na, bhante, pariveṇaparicchedato bahi dhāvituṃ adāsinti. Dutiyaṃ pucchi – ‘‘tava āvuso’’ti? Nivāsagehato, bhante, bahi dhāvituṃ na adāsinti. Atha dvepi theraṃ pucchiṃsu ‘‘tumhākaṃ pana, bhante’’ti? Niyakajjhattakhandhapañcakato, āvuso, bahi dhāvituṃ na adāsinti. Tumhehi, bhante, dukkaraṃ katanti. Evarūpo manoviññeyyo dhammo sevitabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para366"></a><a name="para366_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">366</span>. <span class="bld">Ekantavādā</span>ti ekoyeva anto vādassa etesaṃ, na dvedhā gatavādāti <span class="bld">ekantavādā,</span> ekaññeva vadantīti pucchati. <span class="bld">Ekantasīlā</span>ti ekācārā. <span class="bld">Ekantachandā</span>ti ekaladdhikā. <span class="bld">Ekantaajjhosānā</span>ti ekantapariyosānā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anekadhātu nānādhātu kho, devānaminda, loko</span>ti devānaminda, ayaṃ loko anekajjhāsayo nānajjhāsayo. Ekasmiṃ gantukāme eko ṭhātukāmo hoti. Ekasmiṃ ṭhātukāme eko sayitukāmo hoti. Dve sattā ekajjhāsayā nāma dullabhā. Tasmiṃ anekadhātunānādhātusmiṃ <a name="V2.0296"></a> loke yaṃ yadeva dhātuṃ yaṃ yadeva ajjhāsayaṃ sattā abhinivisanti gaṇhanti, taṃ tadeva. <span class="bld">Thāmasā parāmāsā</span>ti thāmena ca parāmāsena ca. <span class="bld">Abhinivissa voharantī</span>ti suṭṭhu gaṇhitvā voharanti, kathenti dīpenti kittenti. <span class="bld">Idameva saccaṃ moghamañña</span>nti idaṃ amhākameva vacanaṃ saccaṃ, aññesaṃ vacanaṃ moghaṃ tucchaṃ niratthakanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Accantaniṭṭhā</span>ti <a name="M2.0330"></a> anto vuccati vināso, antaṃ atītā niṭṭhā etesanti accantaniṭṭhā. Yā etesaṃ niṭṭhā, yo paramassāso nibbānaṃ, taṃ sabbesaṃ vināsātikkantaṃ niccanti vuccati. <span class="bld">Yogakkhemo</span>ti nibbānasseva nāmaṃ, accanto yogakkhemo etesanti <span class="bld">accantayogakkhemī.</span> Seṭṭhaṭṭhena brahmaṃ ariyamaggaṃ carantīti <span class="bld">brahmacārī.</span> Accantatthāya brahmacārī <span class="bld">accantabrahmacārī. Pariyosāna</span>ntipi nibbānassa nāmaṃ. Accantaṃ pariyosānaṃ etesanti <span class="bld">accantapariyosānā.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Taṇhāsaṅkhayavimuttā</span>ti <a name="P3.0738"></a> taṇhāsaṅkhayoti maggopi nibbānampi. Maggo taṇhaṃ saṅkhiṇāti vināsetīti taṇhāsaṅkhayo. Nibbānaṃ yasmā taṃ āgamma taṇhā saṅkhiyati vinassati, tasmā taṇhāsaṅkhayo. Taṇhāsaṅkhayena maggena vimuttā, taṇhāsaṅkhaye nibbāne vimuttā adhimuttāti <span class="bld">taṇhāsaṅkhayavimuttā.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettāvatā ca bhagavatā cuddasapi mahāpañhā byākatā honti. Cuddasa mahāpañhā nāma issāmacchariyaṃ eko pañho, piyāppiyaṃ eko, chando eko, vitakko eko, papañco eko, somanassaṃ eko, domanassaṃ eko, upekkhā eko, kāyasamācāro eko, vacīsamācāro eko, pariyesanā eko, indriyasaṃvaro eko, anekadhātu eko, accantaniṭṭhā ekoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para367"></a><a name="para367_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">367</span>. <span class="bld">Ejā</span>ti calanaṭṭhena taṇhā vuccati. Sā pīḷanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">rogo,</span> anto padussanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">gaṇḍo,</span> anuppaviṭṭhaṭṭhena <span class="bld">sallaṃ. Tasmā ayaṃ puriso</span>ti yasmā ejā attanā katakammānurūpena purisaṃ tattha tattha abhinibbattatthāya kaḍḍhati, tasmā ayaṃ puriso tesaṃ tesaṃ bhavānaṃ vasena uccāvacaṃ āpajjati. Brahmaloke ucco hoti, devaloke avaco. Devaloke ucco, manussaloke avaco. Manussaloke ucco, apāye avaco. <span class="bld">Yesāhaṃ, bhante</span>ti yesaṃ ahaṃ bhante. Sandhivasena panettha ‘‘yesāha’’nti hoti. <span class="bld">Yathāsutaṃ yathāpariyatta</span>nti yathā mayā suto ceva uggahito ca, evaṃ. <span class="bld">Dhammaṃ desemī</span>ti sattavatapadaṃ dhammaṃ desemi. <span class="bld">Na cāhaṃ tesa</span>nti ahaṃ pana tesaṃ sāvako na <a name="M2.0331"></a> sampajjāmi. <span class="bld">Ahaṃ kho pana, bhante</span>tiādinā attano sotāpannabhāvaṃ jānāpeti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Somanassapaṭilābhakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para368"></a><a name="para368_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">368</span>. <span class="bld">Vedapaṭilābha</span>nti <a name="V2.0297"></a> tuṭṭhipaṭilābhaṃ. <span class="bld">Devāsurasaṅgāmo</span>ti devānañca asurānañca saṅgāmo. <span class="bld">Samupabyūḷho</span>ti samāpanno nalāṭena nalāṭaṃ paharaṇākārappatto viya. Etesaṃ kira kadāci mahāsamuddapiṭṭhe saṅgāmo hoti tattha pana chedanavijjhanādīhi aññamaññaṃ ghāto nāma natthi, dārumeṇḍakayuddhaṃ viya jayaparājayamattameva hoti. Kadāci devā jinanti, kadāci asurā. Tattha yasmiṃ saṅgāme devā puna apaccāgamanāya asure <a name="P3.0739"></a> jiniṃsu, taṃ sandhāya <span class="bld">tasmiṃ kho pana bhante</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Ubhayameta</span>nti ubhayaṃ etaṃ. Duvidhampi ojaṃ ettha devaloke devāyeva paribhuñjissantīti evamassa āvajjantassa balavapītisomanassaṃ uppajji. <span class="bld">Sadaṇḍāvacaro</span>ti sadaṇḍāvacarako, daṇḍaggahaṇena satthaggahaṇena saddhiṃ ahosi, na nikkhittadaṇḍasatthoti dasseti. <span class="bld">Ekantanibbidāyā</span>ti ekanteneva vaṭṭe nibbindanatthāyāti sabbaṃ mahāgovindasutte vuttameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para369"></a><a name="para369_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">369</span>. <span class="bld">Pavedesī</span>ti kathesi dīpesi. <span class="bld">Idhevā</span>ti imasmiññeva okāse. <span class="bld">Devabhūtassa me sato</span>ti devassa me sato. <span class="bld">Punarāyu ca me laddho</span>ti puna aññena kammavipākena me jīvitaṃ laddhanti, iminā attano cutabhāvaṃ ceva upapannabhāvañca āvikaroti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Diviyā kāyā</span>ti dibbā attabhāvā. <span class="bld">Āyuṃ hitvā amānusa</span>nti dibbaṃ āyuṃ jahitvā. <span class="bld">Amūḷho gabbhamessāmī</span>ti niyatagatikattā amūḷho hutvā. <span class="bld">Yattha me ramatī mano</span>ti yattha me mano ramissati, tattheva khattiyakulādīsu gabbhaṃ upagacchissāmīti sattakkhattuṃ deve ca mānuse cāti imamatthaṃ dīpeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ñāyena viharissāmī</span>ti manussesu upapannopi mātaraṃ jīvitā voropanādīnaṃ abhabbattā ñāyena kāraṇena samena viharissāmīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sambodhi</span> <a name="M2.0332"></a> <span class="bld">ce bhavissatī</span>ti idaṃ sakadāgāmimaggaṃ sandhāya vadati, sace sakadāgāmī bhavissāmīti dīpeti. <span class="bld">Aññātā viharissāmī</span>ti aññātā ājānitukāmo hutvā viharissāmi. <span class="bld">Sveva anto bhavissatī</span>ti so eva me manussaloke anto bhavissatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Puna</span> <a name="V2.0298"></a> <span class="bld">devo bhavissāmi, devalokasmiṃ uttamo</span>ti puna devalokasmiṃ uttamo sakko devānamindo bhavissāmīti vadati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Antime vattamānamhī</span>ti antime bhave vattamāne. <span class="bld">So nivāso bhavissatī</span>ti ye te āyunā ca paññāya ca akaniṭṭhā jeṭṭhakā sabbadevehi paṇītatarā devā, avasāne me so nivāso bhavissati<a name="P3.0740"></a>. Ayaṃ kira tato sakkattabhāvato cuto tasmiṃ attabhāve anāgāmimaggassa paṭiladdhattā uddhaṃsoto akaniṭṭhagāmī hutvā avihādīsu nibbattanto avasāne akaniṭṭhe nibbattissati. Taṃ sandhāya evamāha. Esa kira avihesu kappasahassaṃ vasissati, atappesu dve kappasahassāni, sudassesu cattāri kappasahassāni, sudassīsu aṭṭha, akaniṭṭhesu soḷasāti ekatiṃsa kappasahassāni brahmaāyuṃ anubhavissati. Sakko devarājā anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati visākhā mahāupāsikāti tayopi hi ime ekappamāṇaāyukā eva, vaṭṭābhiratasattā nāma etehi sadisā sukhabhāgino nāma natthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para370"></a><a name="para370_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">370</span>. <span class="bld">Apariyositasaṅkappo</span>ti aniṭṭhitamanoratho. <span class="bld">Yassu maññāmi samaṇe</span>ti ye ca samaṇe pavivittavihārinoti maññāmi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ārādhanā</span>ti sampādanā. <span class="bld">Virādhanā</span>ti asampādanā. <span class="bld">Na sampāyantī</span>ti sampādetvā kathetuṃ na sakkonti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ādiccabandhuna</span>nti ādiccopi gotamagotto, bhagavāpi gotamagotto, tasmā evamāha. <span class="bld">Yaṃ karomasī</span>ti yaṃ pubbe brahmuno namakkāraṃ karoma. <span class="bld">Samaṃ devehī</span>ti devehi saddhiṃ, ito paṭṭhāya idāni amhākaṃ brahmuno namakkārakaraṇaṃ natthīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Sāmaṃ karomā</span>ti namakkāraṃ karoma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para371"></a><a name="para371_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">371</span>. <span class="bld">Parāmasitvā</span>ti <a name="M2.0333"></a> tuṭṭhacitto sahāyaṃ hatthena hatthamhi paharanto viya pathaviṃ paharitvā, sakkhibhāvatthāya vā paharitvā ‘‘yathā tvaṃ niccalo, evamahaṃ bhagavatī’’ti. <span class="bld">Ajjhiṭṭhapañhā</span>ti ajjhesitapañhā patthitapañhā. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti sumaṅgalavilāsiniyā dīghanikāyaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</p>
<p class="centered">Sakkapañhasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter"><a name="dn2_9"></a>9. Mahāsatipaṭṭhānasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">Uddesavārakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para373"></a><a name="para373_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">373</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="P3.0741"></a><a name="V2.0299"></a><a name="M2.0334"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti mahāsatipaṭṭhānasuttaṃ. Tatrāyamapubbapadavaṇṇanā – <span class="bld">ekāyano ayaṃ, bhikkhave, maggo</span>ti kasmā bhagavā idaṃ suttamabhāsi? Kururaṭṭhavāsīnaṃ gambhīradesanāpaṭiggahaṇasamatthatāya. Kururaṭṭhavāsino kira bhikkhū bhikkhuniyo upāsakā upāsikāyo utupaccayādisampannattā tassa raṭṭhassa sappāyautupaccayasevanena niccaṃ kallasarīrā kallacittā ca honti. Te cittasarīrakallatāya anuggahitapaññābalā gambhīrakathaṃ paṭiggahetuṃ samatthā honti. Tena nesaṃ bhagavā imaṃ gambhīradesanāpaṭiggahaṇasamatthataṃ sampassanto ekavīsatiyā ṭhānesu kammaṭṭhānaṃ arahatte pakkhipitvā idaṃ gambhīratthaṃ mahāsatipaṭṭhānasuttaṃ abhāsi. Yathā hi puriso suvaṇṇacaṅkoṭakaṃ labhitvā tattha nānāpupphāni pakkhipeyya, suvaṇṇamañjūsaṃ vā pana labhitvā sattaratanāni pakkhipeyya, evaṃ bhagavā kururaṭṭhavāsiparisaṃ labhitvā gambhīradesanaṃ desesi. Tenevettha aññānipi gambhīratthāni imasmiṃ dīghanikāye <span class="bld">mahānidānaṃ</span> majjhimanikāye <a name="P3.0742"></a> <span class="bld">satipaṭṭhānaṃ, sāropamaṃ, rukkhopamaṃ, raṭṭhapālaṃ, māgaṇḍiyaṃ, āneñjasappāya</span>nti aññānipi suttāni desesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica tasmiṃ janapade catasso parisā pakatiyāva satipaṭṭhānabhāvanānuyogamanuyuttā viharanti, antamaso dāsakammakaraparijānāpi satipaṭṭhānapaṭisaṃyuttameva kathaṃ kathenti. Udakatitthasuttakantanaṭṭhānādīsupi niratthakakathā nāma nappavattati. Sace kāci itthī ‘‘amma, tvaṃ kataraṃ satipaṭṭhānabhāvanaṃ manasikarosī’’ti pucchitā ‘‘na kiñcī’’ti vadati, taṃ garahanti ‘‘dhiratthu tava jīvitaṃ, jīvamānāpi tvaṃ matasadisā’’ti. Atha naṃ ‘‘mā dāni puna evamakāsī’’ti ovaditvā aññataraṃ satipaṭṭhānaṃ uggaṇhāpenti. Yā pana ‘‘ahaṃ asukasatipaṭṭhānaṃ nāma manasikaromī’’ti vadati, tassā ‘‘sādhu sādhū’’ti sādhukāraṃ katvā ‘‘tava <a name="V2.0300"></a> jīvitaṃ sujīvitaṃ, tvaṃ nāma manussattaṃ pattā, tavatthāya sammāsambuddho uppanno’’tiādīhi pasaṃsanti. Na kevalañcettha manussajātikāva satipaṭṭhānamanasikārayuttā, te nissāya viharantā tiracchānagatāpi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatridaṃ <a name="M2.0335"></a> vatthu – eko kira naṭako suvapotakaṃ gahetvā sikkhāpento vicarati. So bhikkhunupassayaṃ upanissāya vasitvā gamanakāle suvapotakaṃ pamussitvā gato. Taṃ sāmaṇeriyo gahetvā paṭijaggiṃsu. Buddharakkhito tissa nāmaṃ akaṃsu. Taṃ ekadivasaṃ purato nisinnaṃ disvā mahātherī āha – ‘‘buddharakkhitā’’ti. Kiṃ, ayyeti? Atthi te koci bhāvanāmanasikāroti? Natthi, ayyeti. Āvuso, pabbajitānaṃ santike vasantena nāma vissaṭṭhaattabhāvena bhavituṃ na vaṭṭati, kocideva manasikāro icchitabbo, tvaṃ pana aññaṃ na sakkhissasi, ‘‘aṭṭhi aṭṭhī’’ti sajjhāyaṃ karohīti. So theriyā ovāde ṭhatvā ‘‘aṭṭhi aṭṭhī’’ti sajjhāyanto carati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Taṃ ekadivasaṃ pātova toraṇagge nisīditvā bālātapaṃ tapamānaṃ eko sakuṇo nakhapañjarena aggahesi. So ‘‘kiri kirī’’ti saddamakāsi. Sāmaṇeriyo sutvā ‘‘ayye buddharakkhito sakuṇena gahito, mocema na’’nti leḍḍuādīni gahetvā anubandhitvā mocesuṃ<a name="P3.0743"></a>. Taṃ ānetvā purato ṭhapitaṃ therī āha – ‘‘buddharakkhita, sakuṇena gahitakāle kiṃ cintesī’’ti? Na, ayye, aññaṃ kiñci cintesiṃ, aṭṭhipuñjova aṭṭhipuñjaṃ gahetvā gacchati, katarasmiṃ ṭhāne vippakirissatīti, evaṃ ayye aṭṭhipuñjameva cintesinti. Sādhu, sādhu, buddharakkhita, anāgate bhavakkhayassa te paccayo bhavissatīti. Evaṃ tattha tiracchānagatāpi satipaṭṭhānamanasikārayuttā. Tasmā nesaṃ bhagavā satipaṭṭhānabuddhimeva janento idaṃ suttamabhāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">ekāyano</span>ti ekamaggo. Maggassa hi –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Maggo pantho patho pajjo, añjasaṃ vaṭumāyanaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Nāvā uttarasetū ca, kullo ca bhisisaṅkamo’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bahūni nāmāni. Svāyamidha ayananāmena vutto, tasmā <span class="bld">ekāyano ayaṃ, bhikkhave, maggo</span>ti ettha ekamaggo ayaṃ, bhikkhave, maggo na dvidhā pathabhūtoti evamattho daṭṭhabbo. Atha vā <a name="V2.0301"></a> ekena ayitabboti ekāyano. Ekenāti gaṇasaṅgaṇikaṃ pahāya vūpakaṭṭhena pavivittacittena. Ayitabbo paṭipajjitabbo, ayanti vā etenāti ayano, saṃsārato <a name="M2.0336"></a> nibbānaṃ gacchantīti attho. Ekassa ayano ekāyano. <span class="bld">Ekassā</span>ti seṭṭhassa. Sabbasattaseṭṭho ca bhagavā, tasmā bhagavatoti vuttaṃ hoti. Kiñcāpi hi tena aññepi ayanti, evaṃ santepi bhagavatova so ayano tena uppāditattā. Yathāha ‘‘so hi, brāhmaṇa, bhagavā anuppannassa maggassa uppādetā’’tiādi (ma. ni. 3.79). Ayatīti vā ayano, gacchati pavattatīti attho. Ekasmiṃ ayanoti ekāyano, imasmiññeva dhammavinaye pavattati, na aññatthāti vuttaṃ hoti. Yathāha – ‘‘imasmiṃ kho, subhadda, dhammavinaye ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo upalabbhatī’’ti (dī. ni. 2.214). Desanābhedoyeva heso, atthato pana ekova. Apica ekaṃ ayatīti ekāyano. Pubbabhāge nānāmukhabhāvanānayappavattopi aparabhāge ekaṃ nibbānameva <a name="P3.0744"></a> gacchatīti vuttaṃ hoti. Yathāha brahmā sahampati –</p>
<p class="gatha1">Ekāyanaṃ jātikhayantadassī,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Maggaṃ pajānāti hitānukampī;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Etena maggena tariṃsu pubbe,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tarissanti ye ca taranti oghanti. (saṃ. ni. 5.409);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Keci pana ‘‘na pāraṃ diguṇaṃ yantī’’ti gāthānayena yasmā ekavāraṃ nibbānaṃ gacchati, tasmā ‘‘ekāyano’’ti vadanti, taṃ na yujjati. Imassa hi atthassa sakiṃ ayanoti iminā byañjanena bhavitabbaṃ. Yadi pana ekaṃ ayanamassa ekā gati pavattīti evaṃ atthaṃ yojetvā vucceyya, byañjanaṃ yujjeyya, attho pana ubhayathāpi na yujjati. Kasmā? Idha pubbabhāgamaggassa adhippetattā. Kāyādicatuārammaṇappavatto hi pubbabhāgasatipaṭṭhānamaggo idhādhippeto, na lokuttaro, so ca anekavārampi ayati, anekañcassa ayanaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pubbepi ca imasmiṃ pade mahātherānaṃ sākacchā ahosiyeva. Tipiṭakacūḷanāgatthero pubbabhāgasatipaṭṭhānamaggoti āha. Ācariyo panassa tipiṭakacūḷasumatthero missakamaggoti āha. Pubbabhāgo bhanteti? Missako, āvusoti. Ācariye pana punappunaṃ bhaṇante appaṭibāhitvā <a name="M2.0337"></a> tuṇhī ahosi. Pañhaṃ avinicchinitvāva uṭṭhahiṃsu. Athācariyatthero nahānakoṭṭhakaṃ gacchanto ‘‘mayā missakamaggo kathito, cūḷanāgo pubbabhāgamaggoti ādāya voharati, ko nu kho ettha nicchayo’’ti suttantaṃ ādito paṭṭhāya parivattento ‘‘yo hi koci<a name="V2.0302"></a>, bhikkhave, ime cattāro satipaṭṭhāne evaṃ bhāveyya satta vassānī’’ti imasmiṃ ṭhāne sallakkhesi. Lokuttaramaggo uppajjitvā satta vassāni tiṭṭhamāno nāma natthi, mayā vutto missakamaggo na labbhati. Cūḷanāgena diṭṭho pubbabhāgamaggova labbhatīti ñatvā aṭṭhamiyaṃ dhammasavane saṅghuṭṭhe agamāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Porāṇakattherā kira piyadhammasavanā honti, saddaṃ sutvāva ‘‘ahaṃ paṭhamaṃ, ahaṃ paṭhama’’nti ekappahāreneva osaranti. Tasmiñca divase cūḷanāgattherassa vāro, tena <a name="P3.0745"></a> dhammāsane nisīditvā bījaniṃ gahetvā pubbagāthāsu vuttāsu therassa āsanapiṭṭhiyaṃ ṭhitassa etadahosi – ‘‘raho nisīditvā na vakkhāmī’’ti. Porāṇakattherā hi anusūyakā honti. Na attano rucimeva ucchubhāraṃ viya evaṃ ukkhipitvā vicaranti, kāraṇameva gaṇhanti, akāraṇaṃ vissajjenti. Tasmā thero ‘‘āvuso, cūḷanāgā’’ti āha. So ācariyassa viya saddoti dhammaṃ ṭhapetvā ‘‘kiṃ bhante’’ti āha. Āvuso, cūḷanāga, mayā vutto missakamaggo na labbhati, tayā vutto pubbabhāgasatipaṭṭhānamaggova labbhatīti. Thero cintesi – ‘‘amhākaṃ ācariyo sabbapariyattiko tepiṭako sutabuddho, evarūpassāpi nāma bhikkhuno ayaṃ pañho āluḷeti, anāgate mama bhātikā imaṃ pañhaṃ āluḷessantīti suttaṃ gahetvā imaṃ pañhaṃ niccalaṃ karissāmī’’ti paṭisambhidāmaggato ‘‘ekāyanamaggo vuccati pubbabhāgasatipaṭṭhānamaggo’’.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Maggānaṭṭhaṅgiko seṭṭho, saccānaṃ caturo padā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Virāgo seṭṭho dhammānaṃ, dvipadānañca cakkhumā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Eseva maggo natthañño, dassanassa visuddhiyā;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Etañhi tumhe paṭipajjatha, mārasenappamaddanaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Etañhi tumhe paṭipannā, dukkhassantaṃ karissathāti. –</p>
<p class="bodytext">Suttaṃ āharitvā ṭhapesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Maggo</span>ti <a name="M2.0338"></a> kenaṭṭhena maggo? Nibbānagamanaṭṭhena nibbānatthikehi magganīyaṭṭhena ca. <span class="bld">Sattānaṃ visuddhiyā</span>ti rāgādīhi malehi abhijjhāvisamalobhādīhi ca upakkilesehi kiliṭṭhacittānaṃ sattānaṃ visuddhatthāya. Tathā hi imināva maggena ito satasahassakappādhikānaṃ catunnaṃ <a name="P3.0746"></a> asaṅkhyeyyānaṃ <a name="V2.0303"></a> upari ekasmiṃyeva kappe nibbatte taṇhaṅkaramedhaṅkarasaraṇaṅkaradīpaṅkaranāmake buddhe ādiṃ katvā sakyamunipariyosānā aneke sammāsambuddhā anekasatā paccekabuddhā gaṇanapathaṃ vītivattā ariyasāvakā cāti ime sattā sabbe cittamalaṃ pavāhetvā paramavisuddhiṃ pattā. Rūpamalavasena pana saṃkilesavodānapaññattiyeva natthi. Tathā hi –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Rūpena saṃkiliṭṭhena, saṃkilissanti māṇavā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Rūpe suddhe visujjhanti, anakkhātaṃ mahesinā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Cittena saṃkiliṭṭhena, saṃkilissanti māṇavā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Citte suddhe visujjhanti, iti vuttaṃ mahesinā’’.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathāha – ‘‘cittasaṃkilesā, bhikkhave, sattā saṃkilissanti, cittavodānā visujjhantī’’ti. Tañca cittavodānaṃ iminā satipaṭṭhānamaggena hoti. Tenāha ‘‘sattānaṃ visuddhiyā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sokaparidevānaṃ samatikkamāyā</span>ti sokassa ca paridevassa ca samatikkamāya pahānāyāti attho, ayañhi maggo bhāvito <span class="bld">santatimahāmattā</span>dīnaṃ viya sokasamatikkamāya, <span class="bld">paṭācārā</span>dīnaṃ viya paridevasamatikkamāya saṃvattati. Tenāha ‘‘sokaparidevānaṃ samatikkamāyā’’ti. Kiñcāpi hi santatimahāmatto –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yaṃ pubbe taṃ visodhehi, pacchā te mātu kiñcanaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Majjhe ce no gahessasi, upasanto carissasī’’ti. (su. ni. 945);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Imaṃ gāthaṃ sutvāva saha paṭisambhidāhi arahattaṃ patto. Paṭācārā –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Na santi puttā tāṇāya, na pitā nāpi bandhavā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Antakenādhipannassa, natthi ñātīsu tāṇatā’’ti. (dha. pa. 288);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Imaṃ <a name="P3.0747"></a><a name="M2.0339"></a> gāthaṃ sutvā sotāpattiphale patiṭṭhitā. Yasmā pana kāyavedanācittadhammesu kañci dhammaṃ <a name="V2.0304"></a> anāmasitvā bhāvanā nāma natthi, tasmā tepi imināva maggena sokaparideve samatikkantāti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dukkhadomanassānaṃ atthaṅgamāyā</span>ti kāyikadukkhassa cetasikadomanassassa cāti imesaṃ dvinnaṃ atthaṅgamāya, nirodhāyāti attho. Ayañhi maggo bhāvito tissattherādīnaṃ viya dukkhassa, sakkādīnaṃ viya ca domanassassa atthaṅgamāya saṃvattati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatrāyaṃ atthadīpanā – sāvatthiyaṃ kira <span class="bld">tisso</span> nāma kuṭumbikaputto cattālīsa hiraññakoṭiyo pahāya pabbajitvā agāmake araññe viharati. Tassa kaniṭṭhabhātu bhariyā ‘‘gacchatha, naṃ jīvitā voropethā’’ti pañcasate core pesesi. Te gantvā theraṃ parivāretvā nisīdiṃsu. Thero āha – ‘‘kasmā āgatattha upāsakā’’ti? Taṃ jīvitā voropessāmāti. Pāṭibhogaṃ me upāsakā, gahetvā ajjekarattiṃ jīvitaṃ dethāti. Ko te, samaṇa, imasmiṃ ṭhāne pāṭibhogo bhavissatīti? Thero mahantaṃ pāsāṇaṃ gahetvā dve ūruṭṭhīni bhinditvā ‘‘vaṭṭati upāsakā pāṭibhogo’’ti āha. Te apakkamitvā caṅkamanasīse aggiṃ katvā nipajjiṃsu. Therassa vedanaṃ vikkhambhetvā sīlaṃ paccavekkhato parisuddhaṃ sīlaṃ nissāya pītipāmojjaṃ uppajji. Tato anukkamena vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhento tiyāmarattiṃ samaṇadhammaṃ katvā aruṇuggamane arahattaṃ patto imaṃ udānaṃ udānesi –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Ubho pādāni bhinditvā, saññapessāmi vo ahaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Aṭṭiyāmi harāyāmi, sarāgamaraṇaṃ ahaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Evāhaṃ cintayitvāna, yathābhūtaṃ vipassisaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sampatte aruṇuggamhi, arahattamapāpuṇi’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparepi <span class="bld">tiṃsa bhikkhū</span> bhagavato santike kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā araññavihāre vassaṃ upagantvā ‘‘āvuso, tiyāmarattiṃ <a name="P3.0748"></a> samaṇadhammova kātabbo, na aññamaññassa santikaṃ āgantabba’’nti vatvā vihariṃsu. Tesaṃ samaṇadhammaṃ katvā paccūsasamaye pacalāyantānaṃ eko byaggho āgantvā ekekaṃ bhikkhuṃ gahetvā gacchati. Na koci ‘‘maṃ byaggho gaṇhī’’ti vācampi nicchāresi. Evaṃ pañcasu dasasu bhikkhūsu khāditesu uposathadivase ‘‘itare, āvuso<a name="M2.0340"></a>, kuhi’’nti pucchitvā ñatvā ca ‘‘idāni gahitena gahitomhīti vattabba’’nti vatvā vihariṃsu<a name="V2.0305"></a>. Atha aññataraṃ daharabhikkhuṃ purimanayeneva byaggho gaṇhi. So ‘‘byaggho bhante’’ti āha. Bhikkhū kattaradaṇḍe ca ukkāyo ca gahetvā mocessāmāti anubandhiṃsu. Byaggho bhikkhūnaṃ agatiṃ chinnataṭaṭṭhānamāruyha taṃ bhikkhuṃ pādaṅguṭṭhakato paṭṭhāya khādituṃ ārabhi. Itarepi ‘‘idāni sappurisa, amhehi kattabbaṃ natthi, bhikkhūnaṃ viseso nāma evarūpe ṭhāne paññāyatī’’ti āhaṃsu. So byagghamukhe nipannova taṃ vedanaṃ vikkhambhetvā vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhento yāva gopphakā khāditasamaye sotāpanno hutvā, yāva jaṇṇukā khāditasamaye sakadāgāmī, yāva nābhiyā khāditasamaye anāgāmī hutvā, hadayarūpe akhāditeyeva saha paṭisambhidāhi arahattaṃ patvā imaṃ udānaṃ udānesi –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Sīlavā vatasampanno, paññavā susamāhito;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Muhuttaṃ pamādamanvāya, byagghenoruddhamānaso.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Pañjarasmiṃ gahetvāna, silāya uparī kato;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Kāmaṃ khādatu maṃ byaggho, aṭṭhiyā ca nhārussa ca;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Kilese khepayissāmi, phusissāmi vimuttiya’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparopi pītamallatthero nāma gihikāle tīsu rajjesu paṭākaṃ gahetvā tambapaṇṇidīpaṃ āgamma rājānaṃ passitvā raññā <a name="P3.0749"></a> katānuggaho ekadivasaṃ kilañjakāpaṇasāladvārena gacchanto ‘‘rūpaṃ, bhikkhave, na tumhākaṃ, taṃ pajahatha, taṃ vo pahīnaṃ dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāya bhavissatī’’ti na tumhākavākyaṃ sutvā cintesi ‘‘neva kira rūpaṃ attano, na vedanā’’ti. So taṃyeva aṅkusaṃ katvā nikkhamitvā mahāvihāraṃ gantvā pabbajjaṃ yācitvā pabbajito upasampanno dvemātikā paguṇā katvā tiṃsa bhikkhū gahetvā gabalavāliyaaṅgaṇaṃ gantvā samaṇadhammaṃ akāsi. Pādesu avahantesu jaṇṇukehi caṅkamati. Tamenaṃ rattiṃ eko migaluddako migoti maññamāno pahari. Satti vinivijjhitvā gatā, so taṃ sattiṃ harāpetvā paharaṇamukhāni tiṇavaṭṭiyā pūrāpetvā pāsāṇapiṭṭhiyaṃ attānaṃ nisīdāpetvā okāsaṃ kāretvā vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā saha <a name="M2.0341"></a> paṭisambhidāhi arahattaṃ patvā ukkāsitasaddena āgatānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ byākaritvā imaṃ udānaṃ udānesi –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Bhāsitaṃ buddhaseṭṭhassa, sabbalokaggavādino;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Na tumhākamidaṃ rūpaṃ, taṃ jaheyyātha bhikkhavo.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Aniccā <a name="V2.0306"></a> vata saṅkhārā, uppādavayadhammino;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Uppajjitvā nirujjhanti, tesaṃ vūpasamo sukho’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ tāva ayaṃ maggo tissattherādīnaṃ viya dukkhassa atthaṅgamāya saṃvattati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sakko pana devānamindo attano pañcavidhapubbanimittaṃ disvā maraṇabhayasantajjito domanassajāto bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamitvā pañhaṃ pucchi. So upekkhāpañhavissajjanāvasāne <a name="P3.0750"></a> asītisahassāhi devatāhi saddhiṃ sotāpattiphale patiṭṭhāsi. Sā cassa upapatti puna pākatikāva ahosi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Subrahmāpi devaputto accharāsahassaparivuto saggasampattiṃ anubhoti. Tattha pañcasatā accharāyo rukkhato pupphāni ocinantiyo cavitvā niraye uppannā. So ‘‘kiṃ imā cirāyantī’’ti upadhārento tāsaṃ niraye nibbattanabhāvaṃ ñatvā ‘‘kittakaṃ nu kho mama āyū’’ti upaparikkhanto attano āyuparikkhayaṃ viditvā cavitvā tattheva niraye nibbattanabhāvaṃ disvā bhīto ativiya domanassajāto hutvā ‘‘imaṃ me domanassaṃ satthā vinayissati, na añño’’ti avasesā pañcasatā accharāyo gahetvā bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamitvā pañhaṃ pucchi –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Niccaṃ utrastamidaṃ cittaṃ, niccaṃ ubbiggidaṃ mano;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Anuppannesu kicchesu, atho uppatitesu ca;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sace atthi anutrastaṃ, taṃ me akkhāhi pucchitoti. (saṃ. ni. 1.98);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tato naṃ bhagavā āha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Nāññatra bojjhā tapasā, nāññatrindriyasaṃvarā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Nāññatra sabbanissaggā, sotthiṃ passāmi pāṇina’’nti. (saṃ. ni. 1.98);</p>
<p class="bodytext">So <a name="M2.0342"></a> desanāpariyosāne pañcahi accharāsatehi saddhiṃ sotāpattiphale patiṭṭhāya taṃ sampattiṃ <a name="V2.0307"></a> thāvaraṃ katvā devalokameva agamāsīti. Evaṃ ayaṃ maggo bhāvito sakkādīnaṃ viya domanassassa atthaṅgamāya saṃvattatīti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ñāyassa adhigamāyā</span>ti ñāyo vuccati ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo, tassa adhigamāya, pattiyāti vuttaṃ hoti. Ayañhi pubbabhāge lokiyo satipaṭṭhānamaggo bhāvito lokuttaramaggassa <a name="P3.0751"></a> adhigamāya saṃvattati. Tenāha ‘‘ñāyassa adhigamāyā’’ti. <span class="bld">Nibbānassa sacchikiriyāyā</span>ti taṇhāvānavirahitattā nibbānanti laddhanāmassa amatassa sacchikiriyāya, attapaccakkhatāyāti vuttaṃ hoti. Ayañhi maggo bhāvito anupubbena nibbānasacchikiriyaṃ sādheti. Tenāha ‘‘nibbānassa sacchikiriyāyā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha kiñcāpi ‘‘sattānaṃ visuddhiyā’’ti vutte sokasamatikkamādīni atthato siddhāneva honti, ṭhapetvā pana sāsanayuttikovide aññesaṃ na pākaṭāni, na ca bhagavā paṭhamaṃ sāsanayuttikovidaṃ janaṃ katvā pacchā dhammaṃ deseti. Tena teneva pana suttena taṃ taṃ atthaṃ ñāpeti. Tasmā idha yaṃ yaṃ atthaṃ ekāyanamaggo sādheti, taṃ taṃ pākaṭaṃ katvā dassento ‘‘sokaparidevānaṃ samatikkamāyā’’tiādimāha. Yasmā vā yā sattānaṃ visuddhi ekāyanamaggena saṃvattati, sā sokaparidevānaṃ samatikkamena hoti. Sokaparidevānaṃ samatikkamo dukkhadomanassānaṃ atthaṅgamena, dukkhadomanassānaṃ atthaṅgamo ñāyassādhigamena, ñāyassādhigamo nibbānassa sacchikiriyāya. Tasmā imampi kamaṃ dassento ‘‘sattānaṃ visuddhiyā’’ti vatvā ‘‘sokaparidevānaṃ samatikkamāyā’’tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica vaṇṇabhaṇanametaṃ ekāyanamaggassa. Yatheva hi bhagavā – ‘‘dhammaṃ vo, bhikkhave, desessāmi ādikalyāṇaṃ majjhekalyāṇaṃ pariyosānakalyāṇaṃ sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ pakāsessāmi yadidaṃ chachakkānī’’ti (ma. ni. 3.420) chachakkadesanāya aṭṭhahi padehi vaṇṇaṃ abhāsi. Yathā ca ariyavaṃsadesanāya ‘‘cattārome, bhikkhave, ariyavaṃsā aggaññā rattaññā vaṃsaññā porāṇā asaṃkiṇṇā asaṃkiṇṇapubbā na <a name="M2.0343"></a> saṅkīyanti na saṅkīyissanti, appaṭikuṭṭhā samaṇehi brāhmaṇehi viññūhī’’ti (a. ni. 4.28) navahi padehi vaṇṇaṃ abhāsi; evaṃ imassāpi ekāyanamaggassa sattānaṃ visuddhiyātiādīhi sattahi padehi vaṇṇaṃ abhāsi. Kasmāti ce, tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ ussāhajananatthaṃ. Vaṇṇabhāsanañhi sutvā te bhikkhū ‘‘ayaṃ kira maggo hadayasantāpabhūtaṃ sokaṃ, vācāvippalāpabhūtaṃ <a name="P3.0752"></a> paridevaṃ, kāyikaasātabhūtaṃ dukkhaṃ, cetasikaasātabhūtaṃ domanassanti <a name="V2.0308"></a> cattāro upaddave hanati, visuddhiṃ ñāyaṃ nibbānanti tayo visese āvahatī’’ti ussāhajātā imaṃ dhammadesanaṃ uggahetabbaṃ pariyāpuṇitabbaṃ dhāretabbaṃ, vācetabbaṃ, imañca maggaṃ bhāvetabbaṃ maññissanti. Iti tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ ussāhajananatthaṃ vaṇṇaṃ abhāsi. Kambalavāṇijādayo kambalādīnaṃ vaṇṇaṃ viya.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā hi satasahassagghanikapaṇḍukambalavāṇijena ‘kambalaṃ gaṇhathā’ti ugghositepi asukakambaloti na tāva manussā jānanti. Kesakambalavāḷakambalādayopi hi duggandhā kharasamphassā kambalātveva vuccanti. Yadā pana tena gandhārako rattakambalo sukhumo ujjalo sukhasamphassoti ugghositaṃ hoti, tadā ye pahonti, te gaṇhanti. Ye nappahonti, tepi dassanakāmā honti; evameva ‘ekāyano, bhikkhave, ayaṃ maggo’ti vuttepi asukamaggoti na tāva pākaṭo hoti. Nānappakārakā hi aniyyānikamaggāpi maggātveva vuccanti. ‘‘Sattānaṃ visuddhiyā’’tiādimhi pana vutte ‘‘ayaṃ kira maggo cattāro upaddave hanati, tayo visese āvahatī’’ti ussāhajātā imaṃ dhammadesanaṃ uggahetabbaṃ pariyāpuṇitabbaṃ dhāretabbaṃ vācetabbaṃ, imañca maggaṃ bhāvetabbaṃ maññissantīti vaṇṇaṃ bhāsanto ‘‘sattānaṃ visuddhiyā’’tiādimāha. Yathā ca satasahassagghanikapaṇḍukambalavāṇijūpamā; evaṃ rattajambunadasuvaṇṇaudakappasādakamaṇiratanasuvisuddhamuttaratanapavāḷādivāṇijūpamādayopettha āharitabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yadida</span>nti nipāto, ye imeti ayamassa attho. <span class="bld">Cattāro</span>ti gaṇanaparicchedo. Tena na tato heṭṭhā, na uddhanti satipaṭṭhānaparicchedaṃ dīpeti. <span class="bld">Satipaṭṭhānā</span>ti tayo satipaṭṭhānā satigocaropi tidhā paṭipannesu sāvakesu satthuno paṭighānunayavītivattatāpi, satipi. ‘‘Catunnaṃ<a name="M2.0344"></a>, bhikkhave, satipaṭṭhānānaṃ samudayañca atthaṅgamañca desessāmi, taṃ suṇātha…pe… ko ca, bhikkhave, kāyassa samudayo. Āhārasamudayā kāyassa samudayo’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 5.408) hi <a name="P3.0753"></a> satigocaro satipaṭṭhānanti vuccati. Tathā ‘‘kāyo upaṭṭhānaṃ no sati, sati pana upaṭṭhānañceva sati cā’’tiādīsupi (paṭi. ma. 3.35). Tassattho – patiṭṭhāti asminti <span class="bld">paṭṭhānaṃ.</span> Kā patiṭṭhāti? Sati. Satiyā paṭṭhānaṃ <span class="bld">satipaṭṭhānaṃ,</span> padhānaṃ ṭhānanti vā paṭṭhānaṃ. Satiyā paṭṭhānaṃ satipaṭṭhānaṃ hatthiṭṭhānaassaṭṭhānādīni viya.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Tayo satipaṭṭhānā yadariyo sevati, yadariyo sevamāno satthā gaṇamanusāsituṃ arahatī’’ti (ma. ni. 3.311) ettha tidhā paṭipannesu sāvakesu satthuno paṭighānunayavītivattatā ‘‘satipaṭṭhāna’’nti vuttā. Tassattho – paṭṭhapetabbato paṭṭhānaṃ, pavattayitabbatoti <a name="V2.0309"></a> attho. Kena paṭṭhapetabbatoti? Satiyā. Satiyā paṭṭhānaṃ satipaṭṭhānaṃ. ‘‘Cattāro satipaṭṭhānā bhāvitā bahulīkatā satta sambojjhaṅge paripūrentī’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 3.147) pana satiyeva ‘‘satipaṭṭhānaṃ’’ti vuccati. Tassattho – paṭṭhātīti paṭṭhānaṃ, upaṭṭhāti okkanditvā pakkhanditvā pattharitvā pavattatīti attho. Satiyeva satipaṭṭhānaṃ. Atha vā saraṇaṭṭhena sati, upaṭṭhānaṭṭhena paṭṭhānaṃ. Iti sati ca sā paṭṭhānaṃ cātipi satipaṭṭhānaṃ. Idamidhādhippetaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadi evaṃ kasmā ‘‘satipaṭṭhānā’’ti bahuvacanaṃ? Satibahuttā. Ārammaṇabhedena hi bahukā etā satiyo. Atha maggoti kasmā ekavacanaṃ? Maggaṭṭhena ekattā. Catassopi hi etā satiyo maggaṭṭhena ekattaṃ gacchanti. Vuttañhetaṃ – ‘‘maggoti kenaṭṭhena maggo? Nibbānagamanaṭṭhena. Nibbānatthikehi magganīyaṭṭhena cā’’ti. Catassopi cetā aparabhāge kāyādīsu ārammaṇesu kiccaṃ sādhayamānā nibbānaṃ gacchanti, ādito paṭṭhāya ca nibbānatthikehi maggiyanti, tasmā catassopi eko maggoti vuccanti. Evañca sati vacanānusandhinā sānusandhikāva desanā hoti, ‘‘mārasenappamaddanaṃ, vo bhikkhave, maggaṃ desessāmi, taṃ suṇātha…pe… katamo ca, bhikkhave, mārasenappamaddano maggo? Yadidaṃ satta bojjhaṅgā’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 5.224) viya. Yathā mārasenappamaddanoti ca, satta bojjhaṅgāti ca atthato ekaṃ, byañjanamevettha nānaṃ<a name="M2.0345"></a>. Evaṃ ‘‘ekāyanamaggo’’ti <a name="P3.0754"></a> ca ‘‘cattāro satipaṭṭhānā’’ti ca atthato ekaṃ, byañjanamevettha nānaṃ, tasmā maggaṭṭhena ekattā ekavacanaṃ. Ārammaṇabhedena satibahuttā bahuvacanaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kasmā pana bhagavatā cattārova satipaṭṭhānā vuttā anūnā anadhikāti? Veneyyahitattā. Taṇhācaritadiṭṭhicaritasamathayānikavipassanāyānikesu hi mandatikkhavasena dvedhā dvedhā pavattesu veneyyesu mandassa taṇhācaritassa oḷārikaṃ kāyānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānaṃ visuddhimaggo, tikkhassa sukhumaṃ vedanānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānaṃ. Diṭṭhicaritassapi mandassa nātippabhedagataṃ cittānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānaṃ visuddhimaggo, tikkhassa atippabhedagataṃ dhammānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānaṃ visuddhimaggo. Samathayānikassa ca mandassa akicchena adhigantabbanimittaṃ paṭhamaṃ satipaṭṭhānaṃ visuddhimaggo, tikkhassa oḷārikārammaṇe asaṇṭhahanato dutiyaṃ. Vipassanāyānikassapi mandassa nātippabhedagatārammaṇaṃ tatiyaṃ, tikkhassa atippabhedagatārammaṇaṃ catutthaṃ. Iti cattārova vuttā anūnā anadhikāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Subhasukhaniccaattabhāvavipallāsappahānatthaṃ <a name="V2.0310"></a> vā. Kāyo hi asubho, tattha ca subhavipallāsavipallatthā sattā. Tesaṃ tattha asubhabhāvadassanena tassa vipallāsassa pahānatthaṃ paṭhamaṃ satipaṭṭhānaṃ vuttaṃ. Sukhaṃ niccaṃ attāti gahitesupi ca vedanādīsu vedanā dukkhā, cittaṃ aniccaṃ, dhammā anattā, tesu ca sukhaniccaattavipallāsavipallatthā sattā. Tesaṃ tattha dukkhādibhāvadassanena tesaṃ vipallāsānaṃ pahānatthaṃ sesāni tīṇi vuttānīti evaṃ subhasukhaniccaattabhāvavipallāsappahānatthaṃ vā cattārova vuttā anūnā anadhikāti veditabbā. Na kevalañca vipallāsappahānatthameva, atha kho caturoghayogāsavaganthaupādānaagatipahānatthampi catubbidhāhārapariññatthañca cattārova vuttāti veditabbā. Ayaṃ tāva pakaraṇanayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ pana saraṇavasena ceva ekattasamosaraṇavasena ca ekameva satipaṭṭhānaṃ ārammaṇavasena cattāroti etadeva vuttaṃ. Yathā <a name="P3.0755"></a> hi catudvāre nagare pācīnato āgacchantā pācīnadisāya uṭṭhānakaṃ bhaṇḍaṃ gahetvā pācīnadvārena nagarameva pavisanti, dakkhiṇato. Pacchimato. Uttarato āgacchantā uttaradisāya uṭṭhānakaṃ bhaṇḍaṃ gahetvā uttaradvārena nagarameva pavisanti; evaṃ – sampadamidaṃ veditabbaṃ. Nagaraṃ viya <a name="M2.0346"></a> hi nibbānamahānagaraṃ, dvāraṃ viya aṭṭhaṅgiko lokuttaramaggo, pācīnadisādayo viya kāyādayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā pācīnato āgacchantā pācīnadisāya uṭṭhānakaṃ bhaṇḍaṃ gahetvā pācīnadvārena nagarameva pavisanti, evaṃ kāyānupassanāmukhena āgacchantā cuddasavidhena kāyānupassanaṃ bhāvetvā kāyānupassanābhāvanānubhāvanibbattena ariyamaggena ekaṃ nibbānameva osaranti. Yathā dakkhiṇato āgacchantā dakkhiṇāya disāya uṭṭhānakaṃ bhaṇḍaṃ gahetvā dakkhiṇadvārena nagarameva pavisanti, evaṃ vedanānupassanāmukhena āgacchantā navavidhena vedanānupassanaṃ bhāvetvā vedanānupassanābhāvanānubhāvanibbattena ariyamaggena ekaṃ nibbānameva osaranti. Yathā pacchimato āgacchantā pacchimadisāya uṭṭhānakaṃ bhaṇḍaṃ gahetvā pacchimadvārena nagarameva pavisanti, evaṃ cittānupassanāmukhena āgacchantā soḷasavidhena cittānupassanaṃ bhāvetvā cittānupassanābhāvanānubhāvanibbattena ariyamaggena ekaṃ nibbānameva osaranti. Yathā uttarato āgacchantā uttaradisāya uṭṭhānakaṃ bhaṇḍaṃ gahetvā uttaradvārena nagarameva pavisanti, evaṃ dhammānupassanāmukhena āgacchantā pañcavidhena dhammānupassanaṃ bhāvetvā dhammānupassanābhāvanānubhāvanibbattena ariyamaggena ekaṃ nibbānameva osaranti. Evaṃ saraṇavasena ceva ekattasamosaraṇavasena ca ekameva satipaṭṭhānaṃ ārammaṇavasena cattārova vuttāti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Katame</span> <a name="V2.0311"></a> <span class="bld">cattāro</span>ti kathetukamyatā pucchā. <span class="bld">Idhā</span>ti imasmiṃ sāsane. <span class="bld">Bhikkhave</span>ti dhammapaṭiggāhakapuggalālapanametaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhikkhū</span>ti paṭipattisampādakapuggalanidassanametaṃ. Aññepi ca devamanussā paṭipattiṃ sampādentiyeva, seṭṭhattā pana paṭipattiyā bhikkhubhāvadassanato ca ‘‘bhikkhū’’ti āha. Bhagavato hi anusāsaniṃ sampaṭicchantesu bhikkhu seṭṭho, sabbappakārāya anusāsaniyā bhājanabhāvato. Tasmā seṭṭhattā ‘‘bhikkhū’’ti <a name="P3.0756"></a> āha. Tasmiṃ gahite pana sesā gahitāva honti, rājagamanādīsu rājaggahaṇena sesaparisā viya. Yo ca imaṃ paṭipattiṃ paṭipajjati, so bhikkhu nāma hotīti paṭipattiyā bhikkhubhāvadassanatopi ‘‘bhikkhū’’ti āha. Paṭipannako hi devo vā hotu manusso vā, bhikkhūti saṅkhyaṃ gacchatiyeva yathāha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Alaṅkato <a name="M2.0347"></a> cepi samaṃ careyya,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Santo danto niyato brahmacārī;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Sabbesu bhūtesu nidhāya daṇḍaṃ,</p>
<p class="gathalast">So brāhmaṇo so samaṇo sa bhikkhū’’ti. (dha. pa. 142);</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāye</span>ti rūpakāye. Rūpakāyo hi idha aṅgapaccaṅgānaṃ kesādīnañca dhammānaṃ samūhaṭṭhena hatthikāyarathakāyādayo viya kāyoti adhippeto. Yathā ca samūhaṭṭhena, evaṃ kucchitānaṃ āyaṭṭhena. Kucchitānañhi paramajegucchānaṃ so āyotipi kāyo. Āyoti uppattideso. Tatthāyaṃ vacanattho. Āyanti tatoti āyo. Ke āyanti? Kucchitā kesādayo. Iti kucchitānaṃ āyoti kāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāyānupassī</span>ti kāye anupassanasīlo kāyaṃ vā anupassamāno. Kāyeti ca vatvāpi puna kāyānupassīti dutiyakāyaggahaṇaṃ asammissato vavatthānaghanavinibbhogādidassanatthaṃ katanti veditabbaṃ. Tena na kāye vedanānupassī vā, cittadhammānupassī vā, atha kho kāyānupassīyevāti kāyasaṅkhāte vatthusmiṃ kāyānupassanākārasseva dassanena asammissato vavatthānaṃ dassitaṃ hoti. Tathā na kāye aṅgapaccaṅgavinimuttaekadhammānupassī, nāpi kesalomādivinimuttaitthipurisānupassī, yopi cettha kesalomādiko bhūtupādāyasamūhasaṅkhāto kāyo, tatthapi na bhūtupādāyavinimuttaekadhammānupassī, atha kho rathasambhārānupassako viya aṅgapaccaṅgasamūhānupassī, nagarāvayavānupassako viya kesalomādisamūhānupassī, kadalikkhandhapattavaṭṭivinibbhujako viya rittamuṭṭhiviniveṭhako viya ca bhūtupādāyasamūhānupassīyevāti nānappakārato samūhavaseneva kāyasaṅkhātassa vatthuno dassanena ghanavinibbhogo <a name="V2.0312"></a> dassito hoti. Na hettha <a name="P3.0757"></a> yathāvuttasamūhavinimutto kāyo vā itthī vā puriso vā añño vā koci dhammo dissati, yathāvuttadhammasamūhamatteyeva pana tathā tathā sattā micchābhinivesaṃ karonti. Tenāhu porāṇā –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yaṃ passati na taṃ diṭṭhaṃ, yaṃ diṭṭhaṃ taṃ na passati;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Apassaṃ bajjhate mūḷho, bajjhamāno na muccatī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ghanavinibbhogādidassanatthanti <a name="M2.0348"></a> vuttaṃ, ādisaddena cettha ayampi attho veditabbo. Ayañhi etasmiṃ kāye kāyānupassīyeva, na añña dhammānupassīti vuttaṃ hoti. Yathā anudakabhūtāyapi marīciyā udakānupassino honti, na evaṃ aniccadukkhānattaasubhabhūteyeva imasmiṃ kāye niccasukhaattasubhabhāvānupassī, atha kho kāyānupassī aniccadukkhānattaasubhākārasamūhānupassīyevāti vuttaṃ hoti. Atha vā yvāyaṃ parato ‘‘idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu araññagato vā…pe… so satova assasatī’’tiādinā nayena assāsapassāsādicuṇṇikajātaaṭṭhikapariyosāno kāyo vutto, yo ca ‘‘idhekacco pathavīkāyaṃ aniccato anupassati, āpokāyaṃ tejokāyaṃ vāyokāyaṃ kesakāyaṃ lomakāyaṃ chavikāyaṃ cammakāyaṃ maṃsakāyaṃ rudhirakāyaṃ nhārukāyaṃ aṭṭhikāyaṃ aṭṭhimiñjakāya’’nti (paṭi. ma. 3.35) paṭisambhidāyaṃ kāyo vutto, tassa sabbassa imasmiññeva kāye anupassanato kāye kāyānupassīti evampi attho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha vā kāye ahanti vā mamanti vā evaṃ gahetabbassa yassa kassaci ananupassanato, tassa tasseva pana kesalomādikassa nānādhammasamūhassa anupassanato kāye kesādidhammasamūhasaṅkhātakāyānupassīti evamattho daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica ‘‘imasmiṃ kāye aniccato anupassati, no niccato’’tiādinā anukkamena paṭisambhidāyaṃ āgatanayassa sabbasseva aniccalakkhaṇādino ākārasamūhasaṅkhātassa kāyassa anupassanatopi kāye kāyānupassīti evampi attho daṭṭhabbo. Tathā <a name="P3.0758"></a> hi ayaṃ kāye kāyānupassanāpaṭipadaṃ paṭipanno bhikkhu imaṃ kāyaṃ aniccānupassanādīnaṃ sattannaṃ anupassanānaṃ vasena aniccato anupassati, no niccato. Dukkhato anupassati, no sukhato. Anattato anupassati, no attato. Nibbindati, no nandati, virajjati, no rajjati, nirodheti. No samudeti, paṭinissajjati, no ādiyati. So taṃ aniccato anupassanto niccasaññaṃ pajahati<a name="V2.0313"></a>, dukkhato anupassanto sukhasaññaṃ pajahati, anattato anupassanto attasaññaṃ pajahati, nibbindanto nandiṃ pajahati<a name="M2.0349"></a>, virajjanto rāgaṃ pajahati, nirodhento samudayaṃ pajahati, paṭinissajjanto ādānaṃ pajahatīti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Viharatī</span>ti iriyati. <span class="bld">Ātāpī</span>ti tīsu bhavesu kilese ātāpetīti ātāpo, vīriyassetaṃ nāmaṃ. Ātāpo assa atthīti ātāpī. <span class="bld">Sampajāno</span>ti sampajaññasaṅkhātena ñāṇena samannāgato. <span class="bld">Satimā</span>ti kāyapariggāhikāya satiyā samannāgato. Ayaṃ pana yasmā satiyā ārammaṇaṃ pariggahetvā paññāya anupassati, na hi sativirahitassa anupassanā nāma atthi, tenevāha – ‘‘satiñca khvāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sabbatthikaṃ vadāmī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.234). Tasmā ettha ‘‘kāye kāyānupassī viharatī’’ti ettāvatā kāyānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānaṃ vuttaṃ hoti. Atha vā yasmā anātāpino antosaṅkhepo antarāyakaro hoti, asampajāno upāyapariggahe anupāyaparivajjane ca sammuyhati, muṭṭhassati upāyāpariccāge anupāyāpariggahe ca asamattho hoti, tenassa taṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ na sampajjati. Tasmā yesaṃ dhammānaṃ ānubhāvena taṃ sampajjati, tesaṃ dassanatthaṃ ‘‘ātāpī sampajāno satimā’’ti idaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Iti kāyānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānaṃ sampayogaṅgañcassa dassetvā idāni pahānaṅgaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassa</span>nti vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">vineyyā</span>ti tadaṅgavinayena vā vikkhambhanavinayena vā vinayitvā. <span class="bld">Loke</span>ti tasmiññeva kāye. Kāyo hi idha lujjanapalujjanaṭṭhena lokoti adhippeto. Yasmā panassa na kāyamatteyeva abhijjhādomanassaṃ pahīyati, vedanādīsupi pahīyatiyeva. Tasmā pañcapi upādānakkhandhā lokoti vibhaṅge vuttaṃ. Lokasaṅkhātattā <a name="P3.0759"></a> vā tesaṃ dhammānaṃ atthuddhāranayenetaṃ vuttaṃ. Yaṃ panāha – ‘‘tattha katamo loko? Sveva kāyo loko’’ti, ayamevettha attho. Tasmiṃ loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ vineyyāti evaṃ sambandho daṭṭhabbo. Yasmā panettha abhijjhāggahaṇena kāmacchando, domanassaggahaṇena byāpādo saṅgahaṃ gacchati, tasmā nīvaraṇapariyāpannabalavadhammadvayadassanena nīvaraṇappahānaṃ vuttaṃ hotīti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Visesena <a name="M2.0350"></a> cettha abhijjhāvinayena kāyasampattimūlakassa anurodhassa, domanassavinayena kāyavipattimūlakassa virodhassa, abhijjhāvinayena ca kāye abhiratiyā, domanassavinayena kāyabhāvanāya anabhiratiyā, abhijjhāvinayena kāye abhūtānaṃ subhasukhabhāvādīnaṃ pakkhepassa, domanassavinayena <a name="V2.0314"></a> kāye bhūtānaṃ asubhāsukhabhāvādīnaṃ apanayanassa ca pahānaṃ vuttaṃ. Tena yogāvacarassa yogānubhāvo yogasamatthatā ca dīpitā hoti. Yogānubhāvo hi esa, yadidaṃ anurodhavirodhavippamutto aratiratisaho abhūtapakkhepabhūtāpanayanavirahito ca hoti. Anurodhavirodhavippamutto cesa aratiratisaho abhūtaṃ apakkhipanto bhūtañca anapanayanto yogasamattho hotīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparo nayo ‘‘kāye kāyānupassī’’ti ettha anupassanāya kammaṭṭhānaṃ vuttaṃ. ‘‘Viharatī’’ti ettha vuttavihārena kammaṭṭhānikassa kāyapariharaṇaṃ, ‘‘ātāpī’’tiādīsu pana ātāpena sammappadhānaṃ, satisampajaññena sabbatthakakammaṭṭhānaṃ, kammaṭṭhānapariharaṇūpāyo vā. Satiyā vā kāyānupassanāvasena paṭiladdhasamatho, sampajaññena vipassanā abhijjhādomanassavinayena bhāvanābalaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="indent">Vibhaṅge pana <span class="bld">anupassī</span>ti tattha ‘‘katamā anupassanā? Yā paññā pajānanā vicayo pavicayo dhammavicayo sallakkhaṇā upalakkhaṇā paccupalakkhaṇā paṇḍiccaṃ kosallaṃ nepuññaṃ vebhabyā cintā upaparikkhā bhūrīmedhā pariṇāyikā vipassanā sampajaññaṃ patodo paññā paññindriyaṃ paññābalaṃ paññāsatthaṃ paññāpāsādo paññāāloko paññāobhāso paññāpajjoto paññāratanaṃ amoho dhammavicayo sammādiṭṭhi, ayaṃ vuccati anupassanā. Imāya anupassanāya upeto hoti samupeto upagato samupagato upapanno samannāgato, tena vuccati anupassīti. <span class="bld">Viharatī</span>ti iriyati pavattati pāleti yapeti yāpeti carati viharati, tena vuccati viharatīti. <span class="bld">Ātāpī</span>ti tattha katamaṃ ātāpaṃ? Yo cetasiko vīriyārambho nikammo parakkamo uyyāmo vāyāmo ussāho ussoḷhī thāmo dhiti asithilaparakkamatā anikkhittaddandatā anikkhittadhuratā dhurasampaggāhī vīriyaṃ vīriyindriyaṃ vīriyabalaṃ sammāvāyāmo, idaṃ vuccati ātāpaṃ. Iminā ātāpena upeto hoti…pe… samannāgato<a name="P3.0760"></a>, tena vuccati ātāpīti. <span class="bld">Sampajāno</span>ti tattha katamaṃ sampajaññaṃ? Yā paññā pajānanā vicayo pavicayo dhammavicayo sallakkhaṇā upalakkhaṇā paccupalakkhaṇā paṇḍiccaṃ kosallaṃ nepuññaṃ vebhabyā cintā upaparikkhā bhūrīmedhā pariṇāyikā vipassanā sampajaññaṃ patodo paññā paññindriyaṃ paññābalaṃ paññāsatthaṃ paññāpāsādo paññāāloko paññāobhāso paññāpajjoto paññāratanaṃ amoho dhammavicayo sammādiṭṭhi, idaṃ vuccati sampajaññaṃ. Iminā sampajaññena upeto hoti <a name="V2.0315"></a> …pe… samannāgato, tena vuccati sampajānoti. <span class="bld">Satimā</span>ti tattha katamā sati? Yā sati anussati paṭissati sati saraṇatā dhāraṇatā apilāpanatā asammusanatā sati satindriyaṃ satibalaṃ sammāsati<a name="M2.0351"></a>, ayaṃ vuccati sati. Imāya satiyā upeto hoti…pe… samannāgato, tena vuccati satimāti.</p>
<p class="indent"><span class="bld">Vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassa</span>nti tattha katamo loko? Sveva kāyo loko. Pañcapi upādānakkhandhā loko, ayaṃ vuccati loko. Tattha katamā abhijjhā? Yo rāgo sārāgo anunayo anurodho nandī nandirāgo cittassa sārāgo, ayaṃ vuccati abhijjhā. Tattha katamaṃ domanassaṃ? Yaṃ cetasikaṃ asātaṃ cetasikaṃ dukkhaṃ cetosamphassajā asātā dukkhā vedanā, idaṃ vuccati domanassaṃ. Iti ayañca abhijjhā, idañca domanassaṃ imamhi loke vinītā honti paṭivinītā santā samitā vūpasamitā atthaṅgatā abbhatthaṅgatā appitā byappitā sositā visositā byantīkatā, tena vuccati vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassa’’nti (vibha. 357-362).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evametesaṃ padānaṃ attho vutto. Tena saha ayaṃ aṭṭhakathānayo yathā saṃsandati, evaṃ veditabbo. Ayaṃ tāva kāyānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānuddesassa atthavaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni vedanāsu. Citte. Dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati…pe… vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassanti ettha <span class="bld">vedanāsu vedanānupassī</span>ti evamādīsu vedanādīnaṃ puna vacane payojanaṃ kāyānupassanāyaṃ vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ. Vedanāsu vedanānupassī. Citte cittānupassī. Dhammesu dhammānupassīti ettha pana <span class="bld">vedanā</span>ti tisso vedanā, tā ca lokiyā eva. Cittampi lokiyaṃ, tathā dhammā. Tesaṃ vibhāgo niddesavāre pākaṭo bhavissati. Kevalaṃ panidha yathā vedanā anupassitabbā, tathā tā anupassanto ‘‘vedanāsu vedanānupassī’’ti veditabbo. Esa nayo cittadhammesupi. Kathañca vedanā anupassitabbāti? Sukhā tāva vedanā dukkhato, dukkhā sallato, adukkhamasukhā aniccato. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yo <a name="M2.0352"></a><a name="P3.0761"></a> sukhaṃ dukkhato adda, dukkhamaddakkhi sallato;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Adukkhamasukhaṃ santaṃ, addakkhi naṃ aniccato;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sa ve sammaddaso bhikkhu, upasanto carissatī’’ti. (saṃ. ni. 4.253);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sabbā <a name="V2.0316"></a> eva cetā ‘‘dukkhā’’tipi anupassitabbā. Vuttañhetaṃ – ‘‘yaṃ kiñci vedayitaṃ, taṃ dukkhasminti vadāmī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 4.259). Sukhadukkhatopi ca anupassitabbā. Yathāha ‘‘sukhā vedanā ṭhitisukhā vipariṇāmadukkhā’’ti (ma. ni. 1.465) sabbaṃ vitthāretabbaṃ. Apica aniccādisattaanupassanāvasenapi anupassitabbā. Sesaṃ niddesavāreyeva pākaṭaṃ bhavissati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Cittadhammesupi cittaṃ tāva ārammaṇādhipatisahajātabhūmikammavipākakiriyādinānattabhedānaṃ aniccādianupassanānaṃ niddesavāre āgatasarāgādibhedānañca vasena anupassitabbaṃ. Dhammā salakkhaṇasāmaññalakkhaṇānaṃ suññatadhammassa aniccādisattānupassanānaṃ niddesavāre āgatasantādibhedānañca vasena anupassitabbā. Sesaṃ vuttanayameva. Kāmañcettha yassa kāyasaṅkhāte loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ pahīnaṃ, tassa vedanādīsupi taṃ pahīnameva. Nānāpuggalavasena pana nānācittakkhaṇikasatipaṭṭhānabhāvanāvasena ca sabbattha vuttaṃ. Yato vā ekattha pahīnaṃ sesesupi pahīnaṃ hoti, tenevassa tattha pahānadassanatthampi etaṃ vuttanti veditabbanti.</p>
<p class="centered">Uddesavārakathā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Kāyānupassanā ānāpānapabbavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para374"></a><a name="para374_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">374</span>. Idāni seyyathāpi nāma cheko vilīvakārako thūlakilañjasaṇhakilañjacaṅkoṭakapeḷāpuṭādīni upakaraṇāni kattukāmo ekaṃ mahāveṇuṃ labhitvā catudhā bhinditvā tato ekekaṃ veṇukhaṇḍaṃ gahetvā phāletvā taṃ taṃ upakaraṇaṃ kareyya, evameva bhagavā satipaṭṭhānadesanāya sattānaṃ anekappakāraṃ <a name="P3.0762"></a> visesādhigamaṃ kattukāmo ekameva sammāsatiṃ ‘‘cattāro satipaṭṭhānā. Katame <a name="M2.0353"></a> cattāro? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharatī’’tiādinā nayena ārammaṇavasena catudhā bhinditvā tato ekekaṃ satipaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā kāyaṃ vibhajanto ‘‘kathañca bhikkhave’’tiādinā nayena niddesavāraṃ vattumāraddho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">kathañcā</span>tiādi vitthāretukamyatāpucchā. Ayaṃ panettha saṅkhepattho – bhikkhave, kena ca <a name="V2.0317"></a> pakārena bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharatīti? Esa nayo sabbapucchāvāresu. <span class="bld">Idha bhikkhave bhikkhū</span>ti bhikkhave imasmiṃ sāsane bhikkhu. Ayañhettha idhasaddo sabbappakārakāyānupassanānibbattakassa puggalassa sannissayabhūtasāsanaparidīpano aññasāsanassa tathābhāvapaṭisedhano ca. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘idheva bhikkhave, samaṇo…pe… suññā parappavādā samaṇebhi aññehī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.139). Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘imasmiṃ sāsane bhikkhū’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Araññagato vā rukkhamūlagato vā suññāgāragato vā</span>ti idamassa satipaṭṭhānabhāvanānurūpasenāsanapariggahaparidīpanaṃ. Imassa hi bhikkhuno dīgharattaṃ rūpādīsu ārammaṇesu anuvisaṭaṃ cittaṃ kammaṭṭhānavīthiṃ otarituṃ na icchati, kūṭagoṇayuttaratho viya uppathameva dhāvati. Tasmā seyyathāpi nāma gopo kūṭadhenuyā sabbaṃ khīraṃ pivitvā vaḍḍhitaṃ kūṭavacchaṃ dametukāmo dhenuto apanetvā ekamante mahantaṃ thambhaṃ nikhaṇitvā tattha yottena bandheyya. Athassa so vaccho ito cito ca vipphanditvā palāyituṃ asakkonto tameva thambhaṃ upanisīdeyya vā upanipajjeyya vā, evameva imināpi bhikkhunā dīgharattaṃ rūpārammaṇādirasapānavaḍḍhitaṃ duṭṭhacittaṃ dametukāmena rūpādiārammaṇato apanetvā araññaṃ vā rukkhamūlaṃ vā suññāgāraṃ vā pavisitvā tattha satipaṭṭhānārammaṇatthambhe satiyottena <a name="P3.0763"></a> bandhitabbaṃ. Evamassa taṃ cittaṃ ito cito ca vipphanditvāpi pubbe āciṇṇārammaṇaṃ alabhamānaṃ satiyottaṃ chinditvā palāyituṃ asakkontaṃ tamevārammaṇaṃ upacārappanāvasena upanisīdati ceva upanipajjati ca. Tenāhu porāṇā –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yathā thambhe nibandheyya, vacchaṃ damaṃ naro idha;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Bandheyyevaṃ sakaṃ cittaṃ, satiyārammaṇe daḷha’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evamassetaṃ <a name="M2.0354"></a> senāsanaṃ bhāvanānurūpaṃ hoti. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘idamassa satipaṭṭhānabhāvanānurūpasenāsanapariggahaparidīpana’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica yasmā idaṃ kāyānupassanāya muddhabhūtaṃ sabbabuddhapaccekabuddhasāvakānaṃ visesādhigamadiṭṭhadhammasukhavihārapadaṭṭhānaṃ ānāpānassatikammaṭṭhānaṃ itthipurisahatthiassādisaddasamākulaṃ gāmantaṃ apariccajitvā na sukaraṃ sampādetuṃ, saddakaṇḍakattā jhānassa. Agāmake pana araññe sukaraṃ yogāvacarena idaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ pariggahetvā ānāpānacatutthajjhānaṃ nibbattetvā tadeva <a name="V2.0318"></a> jhānaṃ pādakaṃ katvā saṅkhāre sammasitvā aggaphalaṃ arahattaṃ pāpuṇituṃ, tasmāssa anurūpasenāsanaṃ dassento bhagavā, ‘‘araññagato vā’’tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vatthuvijjācariyo viya hi bhagavā. So yathā vatthuvijjācariyo nagarabhūmiṃ passitvā suṭṭhu upaparikkhitvā ‘‘ettha nagaraṃ māpethā’’ti upadisati, sotthinā ca nagare niṭṭhite rājakulato mahāsakkāraṃ labhati, evameva yogāvacarassa anurūpasenāsanaṃ upaparikkhitvā ‘‘ettha kammaṭṭhānamanuyuñjitabba’’nti upadisati, tato tattha kammaṭṭhānamanuyuñjantena yoginā anukkamena arahatte patte ‘‘sammāsambuddho vata so bhagavā’’ti mahantaṃ sakkāraṃ labhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ayaṃ pana bhikkhu dīpisadisoti vuccati. Yathā hi mahādīpirājā araññe tiṇagahanaṃ vā vanagahanaṃ vā pabbatagahanaṃ vā nissāya nilīyitvā vanamahiṃsagokaṇṇasūkarādayo mige gaṇhāti, evameva ayaṃ araññādīsu kammaṭṭhānaṃ anuyuñjanto <a name="P3.0764"></a> bhikkhu yathākkamena cattāro magge ceva cattāri ariyaphalāni ca gaṇhāti. Tenāhu porāṇā –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yathāpi dīpiko nāma, nilīyitvā gaṇhatī mige;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Tathevāyaṃ buddhaputto, yuttayogo vipassako;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Araññaṃ pavisitvāna, gaṇhāti phalamuttama’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tenassa parakkamajavayoggabhūmiṃ araññasenāsanaṃ dassento bhagavā ‘‘araññagato vā’’tiādimāha. Ito paraṃ imasmiṃ ānāpānapabbe yaṃ vattavbaṃ siyā, taṃ visuddhimagge vuttameva. <span class="bld">Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, dakkho bhamakāro vā</span>ti idañhi upamāmattameva <span class="bld">iti ajjhattaṃ vā kāye</span>ti idaṃ appanāmattameva ca tattha anāgataṃ, sesaṃ āgatameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yaṃ <a name="M2.0355"></a> pana anāgataṃ, tattha <span class="bld">dakkho</span>ti cheko. <span class="bld">Dīghaṃ vā añchanto</span>ti mahantānaṃ bherīpokkharādīnaṃ likhanakāle hatthe ca pāde ca pasāretvā dīghaṃ kaḍḍhanto. <span class="bld">Rassaṃ vā añchanto</span>ti khuddakānaṃ dantasūcivedhakādīnaṃ likhanakāle mandamandaṃ rassaṃ kaḍḍhanto. <span class="bld">Evameva kho</span>ti evaṃ ayampi bhikkhu addhānavasena ittaravasena ca pavattānaṃ assāsapassāsānaṃ vasena dīghaṃ vā assasanto dīghaṃ assasāmīti pajānāti…pe… passasissāmīti sikkhatīti. Tassevaṃ sikkhato assāsapassāsanimitte cattāri jhānāni uppajjanti, so jhānā vuṭṭhahitvā assāsapassāse vā pariggaṇhāti jhānaṅgāni vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="V2.0319"></a> assāsapassāsakammiko ‘‘ime assāsapassāsā kiṃ nissitā? Vatthunissitā. Vatthu nāma karajakāyo, karajakāyo nāma cattāri mahābhūtāni upādārūpañce’’ti evaṃ rūpaṃ pariggaṇhāti. Tato tadārammaṇe phassapañcamake nāmanti. Evaṃ nāmarūpaṃ pariggahetvā tassa paccayaṃ pariyesanto avijjādipaṭiccasamuppādaṃ disvā ‘‘paccayapaccayuppannadhammamattamevetaṃ, añño satto vā puggalo vā natthī’’ti <a name="P3.0765"></a> vitiṇṇakaṅkho sappaccayanāmarūpe tilakkhaṇaṃ āropetvā vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhento anukkamena arahattaṃ pāpuṇāti. Idaṃ ekassa bhikkhuno yāva arahattā niyyānamukhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Jhānakammikopi ‘‘imāni jhānaṅgāni kiṃ nissitāni, vatthunissitāni, vatthu nāma karajakāyo jhānaṅgāni nāmaṃ, karajakāyo rūpa’’nti nāmarūpaṃ vavatthapetvā tassa paccayaṃ pariyesanto avijjādipaccayākāraṃ disvā ‘‘paccayapaccayuppannadhammamattamevetaṃ, añño satto vā puggalo vā natthī’’ti vitiṇṇakaṅkho sappaccayanāmarūpe tilakkhaṇaṃ āropetvā vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhento anukkamena arahattaṃ pāpuṇāti. Idamekassa bhikkhuno yāva arahattā niyyānamukhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Iti ajjhattaṃ vā</span>ti evaṃ attano vā assāsapassāsakāye kāyānupassī viharati. <span class="bld">Bahiddhā vā</span>ti parassa vā assāsapassāsakāye. <span class="bld">Ajjhattabahiddhā vā</span>ti kālena attano, kālena parassa assāsapassāsakāye. Etenassa paguṇakammaṭṭhānaṃ aṭṭhapetvā aparāparaṃ sañcaraṇakālo kathito. Ekasmiṃ kāle panidaṃ ubhayaṃ na labbhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samudayadhammānupassī</span> <a name="M2.0356"></a> <span class="bld">vā</span>ti yathā nāma kammārassa bhastañca gaggaranāḷiñca tajjañca vāyāmaṃ paṭicca vāto aparāparaṃ sañcarati, evaṃ bhikkhuno karajakāyañca nāsapuṭañca cittañca paṭicca assāsapassāsakāyo aparāparaṃ sañcarati. Kāyādayo dhammā samudayadhammā, te passanto ‘‘samudayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ viharatī’’ti vuccati. <span class="bld">Vayadhammānupassī vā</span>ti yathā bhastāya apanītāya gaggaranāḷiyā bhinnāya tajje ca vāyāme asati so vāto nappavattati, evameva kāye bhinne nāsapuṭe viddhaste citte ca niruddhe assāsapassāsakāyo nāma nappavattatīti kāyādinirodhā assāsapassāsanirodhoti evaṃ passanto ‘‘vayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ viharatī’’ti vuccati. <span class="bld">Samudayavayadhammānupassī vā</span>ti kālena samudayaṃ kālena vayaṃ anupassanto. <span class="bld">Atthi kāyoti vā panassā</span>ti kāyova atthi, na satto, na puggalo, na itthī, na puriso, na attā, na attaniyaṃ, nāhaṃ, na mama, na koci, na kassacīti evamassa sati paccupaṭṭhitā hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yāvadevā</span>ti <a name="V2.0320"></a><a name="P3.0766"></a> payojanaparicchedavavatthāpanametaṃ. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – yā sā sati paccupaṭṭhitā hoti, sā na aññadatthāya. Atha kho yāvadeva ñāṇamattāya aparāparaṃ uttaruttari ñāṇapamāṇatthāya ceva satipamāṇatthāya ca, satisampajaññānaṃ vuḍḍhatthāyāti attho. <span class="bld">Anissito ca viharatī</span>ti taṇhānissayadiṭṭhinissayānaṃ vasena anissitova viharati. <span class="bld">Na ca kiñci loke upādiyatī</span>ti lokasmiṃ kiñci rūpaṃ vā…pe… viññāṇaṃ vā ‘‘ayaṃ me attā vā attaniyaṃ vā’’ti na gaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Evampī</span>ti upari atthaṃ upādāya sampiṇḍanattho pi-kāro. Iminā pana padena bhagavā ānāpānapabbadesanaṃ niyyātetvā dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha assāsapassāsapariggāhikā sati dukkhasaccaṃ, tassā samuṭṭhāpikā purimataṇhā samudayasaccaṃ ubhinnaṃ appavatti nirodhasaccaṃ, dukkhaparijānano samudayapajahano nirodhārammaṇo ariyamaggo maggasaccaṃ. Evaṃ catusaccavasena ussakkitvā nibbutiṃ pāpuṇātīti idamekassa assāsapassāsavasena abhiniviṭṭhassa bhikkhuno yāva arahattā niyyānamukhanti.</p>
<p class="centered">Ānāpānapabbaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Iriyāpathapabbavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para375"></a><a name="para375_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">375</span>. Evaṃ <a name="M2.0357"></a> assāsapassāsavasena kāyānupassanaṃ vibhajitvā idāni iriyāpathavasena vibhajituṃ <span class="bld">puna capara</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha kāmaṃ soṇasiṅgālādayopi gacchantā ‘‘gacchāmā’’ti jānanti, na panetaṃ evarūpaṃ jānanaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Evarūpañhi jānanaṃ sattūpaladdhiṃ na pajahati, attasaññaṃ na ugghāṭeti, kammaṭṭhānaṃ vā satipaṭṭhānabhāvanā vā na hoti. Imassa pana bhikkhuno jānanaṃ sattūpaladdhiṃ pajahati, attasaññaṃ ugghāṭeti kammaṭṭhānañceva satipaṭṭhānabhāvanā ca hoti. Idañhi ‘‘ko gacchati, kassa gamanaṃ, kiṃ kāraṇā gacchatī’’ti evaṃ sampajānanaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Ṭhānādīsupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha ko gacchatīti? Na koci satto vā puggalo vā gacchati. Kassa gamananti? Na kassaci sattassa vā puggalassa vā gamanaṃ. Kiṃ kāraṇā gacchatīti<a name="P3.0767"></a>? Cittakiriyavāyodhātuvipphārena gacchati. Tasmā esa evaṃ pajānāti – ‘‘gacchāmī’’ti cittaṃ uppajjati<a name="V2.0321"></a>, taṃ vāyaṃ janeti, vāyo viññattiṃ janeti, cittakiriyavāyodhātuvipphārena sakalakāyassa purato abhinīhāro gamananti vuccati. Ṭhānādīsupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatrāpi hi ‘‘tiṭṭhāmī’’ti cittaṃ uppajjati, taṃ vāyaṃ janeti, vāyo viññattiṃ janeti, cittakiriyavāyodhātuvipphārena sakalakāyassa koṭito paṭṭhāya ussitabhāvo ṭhānanti vuccati. ‘‘Nisīdāmī’’ti cittaṃ uppajjati, taṃ vāyaṃ janeti, vāyo viññattiṃ janeti, cittakiriyavāyodhātuvipphārena heṭṭhimakāyassa samiñjanaṃ uparimakāyassa ussitabhāvo nisajjāti vuccati. ‘‘Sayāmī’’ti cittaṃ uppajjati, taṃ vāyaṃ janeti, vāyo viññattiṃ janeti, cittakiriyavāyodhātuvipphārena sakalasarīrassa tiriyato pasāraṇaṃ sayananti vuccatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tassa evaṃ pajānato evaṃ hoti ‘‘satto gacchati, satto tiṭṭhatī’’ti vuccati, atthato pana koci satto gacchanto vā ṭhito vā natthi. Yathā pana ‘‘sakaṭaṃ gacchati, sakaṭaṃ tiṭṭhatī’’ti vuccati, na ca kiñci sakaṭaṃ nāma gacchantaṃ vā ṭhitaṃ vā atthi, cattāro pana goṇe yojetvā chekamhi sārathimhi pājente ‘‘sakaṭaṃ gacchati, sakaṭaṃ tiṭṭhatī’’ti vohāramattameva <a name="M2.0358"></a> hoti, evameva ajānanaṭṭhena sakaṭaṃ viya kāyo, goṇā viya cittajavātā, sārathi viya cittaṃ. ‘‘Gacchāmi tiṭṭhāmī’’ti citte uppanne vāyodhātu viññattiṃ janayamānā uppajjati, cittakiriyavāyodhātuvipphārena gamanādīni pavattanti, tato ‘‘satto gacchati, satto tiṭṭhati, ahaṃ gacchāmi, ahaṃ tiṭṭhāmī’’ti vohāramattaṃ hoti. Tenāha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Nāvā mālutavegena, jiyāvegena tejanaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Yathā yāti tathā kāyo, yāti vātāhato ayaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Yantaṃ <a name="P3.0768"></a> suttavaseneva, cittasuttavasenidaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Payuttaṃ kāyayantampi, yāti ṭhāti nisīdati.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Ko nāma ettha so satto, yo vinā hetupaccaye;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Attano ānubhāvena, tiṭṭhe vā yadi vā vaje’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tasmā evaṃ hetupaccayavaseneva pavattāni gamanādīni sallakkhento esa ‘‘gacchanto vā gacchāmīti <a name="V2.0322"></a> pajānāti, ṭhito vā, nisinno vā, sayāno vā sayānomhīti pajānātī’’ti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yathā yathā vā panassa kāyo paṇihito hoti, tathā tathā naṃ pajānātī</span>ti sabbasaṅgāhikavacanametaṃ. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – yena yena vā ākārenassa kāyo ṭhito hoti, tena tena naṃ pajānāti. Gamanākārena ṭhitaṃ gacchatīti pajānāti. Ṭhānanisajjasayanākārena ṭhitaṃ sayānoti pajānātīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Iti ajjhattaṃ vā</span>ti evaṃ attano vā catuiriyāpathapariggaṇhanena kāye kāyānupassī viharati. <span class="bld">Bahiddhā vā</span>ti parassa vā catuiriyāpathapariggaṇhanena. <span class="bld">Ajjhattabahiddhā vā</span>ti kālena attano, kālena parassa catuiriyāpathapariggaṇhanena kāye kāyānupassī viharati. <span class="bld">Samudayadhammānupassī vā</span>tiādīsu pana avijjāsamudayā rūpasamudayotiādinā nayena pañcahākārehi rūpakkhandhassa samudayo ca vayo ca nīharitabbo. Tañhi sandhāya idha ‘‘samudayadhammānupassī vā’’tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Atthi kāyoti vā panassā</span>tiādi vuttasadisameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idhāpi <a name="M2.0359"></a> catuiriyāpathapariggāhikā sati dukkhasaccaṃ, tassā samuṭṭhāpikā purimataṇhā samudayasaccaṃ, ubhinnaṃ appavatti nirodhasaccaṃ, dukkhaparijānano samudayapajahano nirodhārammaṇo ariyamaggo maggasaccaṃ. Evaṃ catusaccavasena ussakkitvā nibbutiṃ pāpuṇātīti idamekassa catuiriyāpathapariggāhakassa bhikkhuno yāva arahattā niyyānamukhanti.</p>
<p class="centered">Iriyāpathapabbaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Catusampajaññapabbavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para376"></a><a name="para376_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">376</span>. Evaṃ iriyāpathavasena kāyānupassanaṃ vibhajitvā idāni catusampajaññavasena vibhajituṃ <span class="bld">puna capara</span>ntiādimāha<a name="P3.0769"></a>. Tattha <span class="bld">abhikkante</span>tiādīni <span class="bld">sāmaññaphale</span> vaṇṇitāni. <span class="bld">Iti ajjhattaṃ vā</span>ti evaṃ catusampajaññapariggaṇhanena attano vā kāye, parassa vā kāye, kālena vā attano, kālena vā parassa kāye kāyānupassī viharati. Idhāpi <span class="bld">samudayavayadhammānupassī</span>tiādīsu <a name="V2.0323"></a> rūpakkhandhasseva samudayo ca vayo ca nīharitabbo. Sesaṃ vuttasadisameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idha catusampajaññapariggāhikā sati dukkhasaccaṃ, tassā samuṭṭhāpikā purimataṇhā samudayasaccaṃ, ubhinnaṃ appavatti nirodhasaccaṃ, vuttappakāro ariyamaggo maggasaccaṃ. Evaṃ catusaccavasena ussakkitvā nibbutiṃ pāpuṇātīti idamekassa catusampajaññapariggāhakassa bhikkhuno vasena yāva arahattā niyyānamukhanti.</p>
<p class="centered">Catusampajaññapabbaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Paṭikūlamanasikārapabbavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para377"></a><a name="para377_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">377</span>. Evaṃ catusampajaññavasena kāyānupassanaṃ vibhajitvā idāni paṭikūlamanasikāravasena vibhajituṃ <span class="bld">puna capara</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">imameva kāya</span>ntiādīsu yaṃ vattabbaṃ siyā, taṃ sabbaṃ sabbākārena vitthārato visuddhimagge kāyagatāsatikammaṭṭhāne vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ubhatomukhā</span>ti heṭṭhā ca upari cāti dvīhi mukhehi yuttā. <span class="bld">Nānāvihitassā</span>ti nānāvidhassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idaṃ <a name="M2.0360"></a> panettha opammasaṃsandanaṃ – ubhatomukhā putoḷi viya hi cātumahābhūtiko kāyo, tattha missetvā pakkhittanānāvidhadhaññaṃ viya kesādayo dvattiṃsākārā, cakkhumā puriso viya yogāvacaro, tassa taṃ putoḷiṃ muñcitvā paccavekkhato nānāvidhadhaññassa pākaṭakālo viya yogino dvattiṃsākārassa vibhūtakālo veditabbo. <span class="bld">Iti ajjhattaṃ vā</span>ti evaṃ kesādipariggaṇhanena attano vā kāye, parassa vā kāye, kālena vā attano, kālena vā parassa kāye kāyānupassī viharati. Ito paraṃ vuttanayameva. Kevalañhi idha dvattiṃsākārapariggāhikā sati dukkhasaccanti <a name="P3.0770"></a> evaṃ yojanaṃ katvā niyyānamukhaṃ veditabbaṃ. Sesaṃ purimasadisamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Paṭikūlamanasikārapabbaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Dhātumanasikārapabbavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para378"></a><a name="para378_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">378</span>. Evaṃ <a name="V2.0324"></a> paṭikūlamanasikāravasena kāyānupassanaṃ vibhajitvā idāni dhātumanasikāravasena vibhajituṃ <span class="bld">puna capara</span>ntiādimāha. Tatthāyaṃ opammasaṃsandanena saddhiṃ atthavaṇṇanā – yathā koci goghātako vā tasseva vā bhattavetanabhato antevāsiko gāviṃ vadhitvā vinivijjhitvā catasso disā gatānaṃ mahāpathānaṃ vemajjhaṭṭhānasaṅkhāte catumahāpathe koṭṭhāsaṃ koṭṭhāsaṃ katvā nisinno assa, evameva bhikkhu catunnaṃ iriyāpathānaṃ yena kenaci ākārena ṭhitattā yathāṭhitaṃ, yathāṭhitattā ca yathāpaṇihitaṃ kāyaṃ ‘‘atthi imasmiṃ kāye pathavīdhātu…pe… vāyodhātū’’ti evaṃ paccavekkhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kiṃ vuttaṃ hoti – yathā goghātakassa gāviṃ posentassāpi āghātanaṃ āharantassāpi āharitvā tattha bandhitvā ṭhapentassapi vadhentassāpi vadhitaṃ mataṃ passantassāpi tāvadeva gāvīti saññā na antaradhāyati, yāva naṃ padāletvā bilaso na vibhajati. Vibhajitvā nisinnassa panassa gāvīti saññā antaradhāyati, maṃsasaññā pavattati. Nāssa evaṃ <a name="M2.0361"></a> hoti – ‘‘ahaṃ gāviṃ vikkiṇāmi, ime gāviṃ harantī’’ti. Atha khvassa ‘‘ahaṃ maṃsaṃ vikkiṇāmi, ime maṃsaṃ haranti’’ cceva hoti; evameva imassāpi bhikkhuno pubbe bālaputhujjanakāle gihibhūtassāpi pabbajitassāpi tāvadeva sattoti vā puggaloti vā saññā na antaradhāyati, yāva imameva kāyaṃ yathāṭhitaṃ yathāpaṇihitaṃ ghanavinibbhogaṃ katvā dhātuso na paccavekkhati. Dhātuso paccavekkhato panassa sattasaññā antaradhāyati, dhātuvaseneva cittaṃ santiṭṭhati. Tenāha bhagavā – ‘‘‘imameva kāyaṃ yathāṭhitaṃ yathāpaṇihitaṃ dhātuso paccavekkhati ‘atthi imasmiṃ kāye pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātū’ti. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, dakkho goghātako vā…pe… vāyodhātū’’ti. Goghātako viya hi yogī, gāvīti saññā viya sattasaññā, catumahāpatho viya catuiriyāpatho, bilaso vibhajitvā <a name="P3.0771"></a> nisinnabhāvo viya dhātuso paccavekkhaṇanti ayamettha pāḷivaṇṇanā. Kammaṭṭhānakathā pana visuddhimagge vitthāritā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Iti ajjhattaṃ vā</span>ti evaṃ catudhātupariggaṇhanena attano vā kāye, parassa vā kāye, kālena vā attano, kālena vā parassa kāye kāyānupassī viharati. Ito paraṃ vuttanayameva. Kevalañhi idha catudhātupariggāhikā sati dukkhasaccanti evaṃ yojanaṃ katvā niyyānamukhaṃ veditabbaṃ, sesaṃ purimasadisamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Dhātumanasikārapabbaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Navasivathikapabbavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para379"></a><a name="para379_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">379</span>. Evaṃ <a name="V2.0325"></a> dhātumanasikāravasena kāyānupassanaṃ vibhajitvā idāni navahi sivathikapabbehi vibhajituṃ <span class="bld">puna capara</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">seyyathāpi passeyyā</span>ti yathā passeyya. <span class="bld">Sarīra</span>nti matasarīraṃ. <span class="bld">Sivathikāya chaḍḍita</span>nti susāne apaviddhaṃ. Ekāhaṃ matassa assāti <span class="bld">ekāhamataṃ.</span> Dvīhaṃ matassa assāti <span class="bld">dvīhamataṃ.</span> Tīhaṃ matassa assāti <span class="bld">tīhamataṃ.</span> Kammārabhastā viya vāyunā uddhaṃ jīvitapariyādānā yathānukkamaṃ samuggatena sūnabhāvena uddhumātattā uddhumātaṃ, uddhumātameva <span class="bld">uddhumātakaṃ.</span> Paṭikūlattā vā kucchitaṃ uddhumātanti uddhumātakaṃ. Vinīlaṃ vuccati <a name="M2.0362"></a> viparibhinnavaṇṇaṃ, vinīlameva <span class="bld">vinīlakaṃ.</span> Paṭikūlattā vā kucchitaṃ vinīlanti vinīlakaṃ. Maṃsussadaṭṭhānesu rattavaṇṇassa pubbasannicayaṭṭhānesu setavaṇṇassa yebhuyyena ca nīlavaṇṇassa nīlaṭṭhānesu nīlasāṭakapārutasseva chavasarīrassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Paribhinnaṭṭhānehi navahi vā vaṇamukhehi vissandamānapubbaṃ vipubbaṃ, vipubbameva vipubbakaṃ. Paṭikūlattā vā kucchitaṃ vipubbanti vipubbakaṃ. Vipubbakaṃ jātaṃ tathābhāvaṃ gatanti <span class="bld">vipubbakajātaṃ.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">So imameva kāya</span>nti so bhikkhu imaṃ attano kāyaṃ tena kāyena saddhiṃ ñāṇena upasaṃharati upaneti. Kathaṃ? <span class="bld">Ayampi kho kāyo evaṃdhammo evaṃbhāvī evaṃanatīto</span>ti. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – āyu, usmā, viññāṇanti imesaṃ tiṇṇaṃ dhammānaṃ atthitāya ayaṃ <a name="P3.0772"></a> kāyo ṭhānagamanādikhamo hoti, imesaṃ pana vigamā ayampi kho kāyo evaṃdhammo evaṃ pūtikasabhāvoyeva, <span class="bld">evaṃbhāvī</span> evaṃ uddhumātādibhedo bhavissati, <span class="bld">evaṃanatīto</span> evaṃ uddhumātādibhāvaṃ anatikkantoti. <span class="bld">Iti ajjhattaṃ vā</span>ti evaṃ uddhumātādipariggaṇhanena attano vā kāye, parassa vā kāye, kālena vā attano, kālena vā parassa kāye kāyānupassī viharati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Khajjamāna</span>nti udarādīsu nisīditvā udaramaṃsaoṭṭhamaṃsaakkhikūṭādīni luñcitvā luñcitvā khādiyamānaṃ. <span class="bld">Samaṃsalohita</span>nti sāvasesamaṃsalohitayuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Nimaṃsalohitamakkhita</span>nti maṃse khīṇepi lohitaṃ na sussati, taṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ ‘‘nimaṃsalohitamakkhita’’nti. <span class="bld">Aññenā</span>ti aññena disābhāgena. <span class="bld">Hatthaṭṭhika</span>nti catusaṭṭhibhedampi hatthaṭṭhikaṃ pāṭiyekkaṃ pāṭiyekkaṃ vippakiṇṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Pādaṭṭhikā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Terovassikānī</span>ti atikkantasaṃvaccharāni. <span class="bld">Pūtīnī</span>ti abbhokāse ṭhitāni vātātapavuṭṭhisamphassena <a name="V2.0326"></a> terovassikāneva pūtīni honti, antobhūmigatāni pana cirataraṃ tiṭṭhanti. <span class="bld">Cuṇṇakajātānī</span>ti cuṇṇaṃ cuṇṇaṃ hutvā vippakiṇṇāni. Sabbattha so imamevāti vuttanayena khajjamānādīnaṃ vasena yojanā kātabbā. <span class="bld">Iti ajjhattaṃ vā</span>ti evaṃ khajjamānādipariggaṇhanena yāva cuṇṇakabhāvā attano vā kāye, parassa vā kāye kālena vā attano, kālena vā parassa kāye kāyānupassī viharati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idha <a name="M2.0363"></a> pana ṭhatvā navasivathikā samodhānetabbā. Ekāhamataṃ vāti hi ādinā nayena vuttā sabbāpi ekā, kākehi vā khajjamānantiādikā ekā, aṭṭhikasaṅkhalikaṃ samaṃsalohitaṃ nhārusambandhanti ekā, nimaṃsalohitamakkhitaṃ nhārusambandhanti ekā, apagatamaṃsalohitaṃ nhārusambandhanti ekā, aṭṭhikāni apagatasambandhānītiādikā ekā aṭṭhikāni setāni saṅkhavaṇṇapaṭibhāgānīti ekā, puñjakitāni terovassikānīti ekā, pūtīni cuṇṇakajātānīti ekāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave</span>ti idaṃ navasivathikā dassetvā kāyānupassanaṃ niṭṭhapento āha. Tattha navasivathikapariggāhikā <a name="P3.0773"></a> sati dukkhasaccaṃ, tassā samuṭṭhāpikā purimataṇhā samudayasaccaṃ, ubhinnaṃ appavatti nirodhasaccaṃ, dukkhaparijānano samudayapajahano nirodhārammaṇo ariyamaggo maggasaccaṃ. Evaṃ catusaccavasena ussakkitvā nibbutiṃ pāpuṇātīti idaṃ navasivathikapariggāhakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ yāva arahattā niyyānamukhanti.</p>
<p class="centered">Navasivathikapabbaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettāvatā ca ānāpānapabbaṃ, iriyāpathapabbaṃ, catusampajaññapabbaṃ, paṭikūlamanasikārapabbaṃ, dhātumanasikārapabbaṃ, navasivathikapabbānīti cuddasapabbā kāyānupassanā niṭṭhitā hoti. Tattha ānāpānapabbaṃ, paṭikūlamanasikārapabbanti imāneva dve appanākammaṭṭhānāni, sivathikānaṃ pana ādīnavānupassanāvasena vuttattā sesāni dvādasāpi upacārakammaṭṭhānānevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Kāyānupassanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Vedanānupassanāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para380"></a><a name="para380_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">380</span>. Evaṃ <a name="V2.0327"></a> bhagavā cuddasavidhena kāyānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānaṃ kathetvā idāni navavidhena vedanānupassanaṃ kathetuṃ <span class="bld">kathañca, bhikkhave</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">sukhaṃ vedana</span>nti kāyikaṃ vā cetasikaṃ vā sukhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayamāno ‘‘ahaṃ sukhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayāmī’’ti pajānātīti attho. Tattha <a name="M2.0364"></a> kāmaṃ uttānaseyyakāpi dārakā thaññapivanādikāle sukhaṃ vedayamānā ‘‘sukhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayāmā’’ti pajānanti, na panetaṃ evarūpaṃ jānanaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Evarūpañhi jānanaṃ sattūpaladdhiṃ na jahati, attasaññaṃ na ugghāṭeti, kammaṭṭhānaṃ vā satipaṭṭhānabhāvanā vā na hoti. Imassa pana bhikkhuno jānanaṃ sattūpaladdhiṃ jahati, attasaññaṃ ugghāṭeti, kammaṭṭhānañceva satipaṭṭhānabhāvanā ca hoti. Idañhi ‘‘ko vedayati, kassa vedanā, kiṃ kāraṇā vedanā’’ti evaṃ sampajānavediyanaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha ko vedayatīti na koci satto vā puggalo vā vedayati. Kassa vedanāti na kassaci sattassa vā puggalassa vā vedanā. Kiṃ kāraṇā vedanāti vatthuārammaṇāva panassa vedanā, tasmā esa evaṃ pajānāti ‘‘taṃ taṃ sukhādīnaṃ vatthuṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā vedanāva vedayati taṃ pana vedanāya pavattiṃ <a name="P3.0774"></a> upādāya’ahaṃ vedayāmī’ti vohāramattaṃ hotī’’ti. Evaṃ vatthuṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā vedanāva vedayatīti sallakkhento esa ‘‘sukhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayāmīti pajānātī’’ti veditabbo cittalapabbate aññataratthero viya.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Thero kira aphāsukakāle balavavedanāya nitthunanto aparāparaṃ parivattati, tameko daharo āha – ‘‘kataraṃ vo, bhante, ṭhānaṃ rujjatī’’ti. Āvuso, pāṭiyekkaṃ rujjanaṭṭhānaṃ nāma natthi, vatthuṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā vedanāva vedayatīti. Evaṃ jānanakālato paṭṭhāya adhivāsetuṃ vaṭṭati no, bhante,ti. Adhivāsemi, āvusoti. Adhivāsanā, bhante, seyyoti. Thero adhivāsesi. Vāto yāva hadayā phālesi, mañcake antāni rāsikatāni ahesuṃ. Thero daharassa dassesi ‘‘vaṭṭatāvuso, ettakā adhivāsanā’’ti. Daharo tuṇhī ahosi. Thero vīriyasamataṃ yojetvā saha paṭisambhidāhi arahattaṃ pāpuṇitvā <span class="bld">samasīsī</span> hutvā parinibbāyi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā ca sukhaṃ, evaṃ dukkhaṃ…pe… nirāmisaṃ adukkhamasukhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayamāno ‘‘nirāmisaṃ adukkhamasukhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayāmī’’ti pajānāti. Iti bhagavā rūpakammaṭṭhānaṃ kathetvā arūpakammaṭṭhānaṃ kathento yasmā phassavasena cittavasena vā kathiyamānaṃ pākaṭaṃ na hoti<a name="V2.0328"></a>, andhakāraṃ viya khāyati, vedanānaṃ pana uppattipākaṭatāya vedanāvasena pākaṭaṃ hoti, tasmā sakkapañhe viya idhāpi vedanāvasena arūpakammaṭṭhānaṃ kathesi. Tattha ‘‘duvidhañhi <a name="M2.0365"></a> kammaṭṭhānaṃ rūpakammaṭṭhānaṃ arūpakammaṭṭhānañcā’’tiādi kathāmaggo <span class="bld">sakkapañhe</span> vuttanayeneva veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">sukhaṃ vedana</span>ntiādīsu ayaṃ aparopi pajānanapariyāyo, sukhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayāmīti pajānātīti sukhavedanākkhaṇe dukkhavedanāya abhāvato sukhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayamāno ‘‘sukhaṃ vedanaṃyeva vedayāmī’’ti pajānāti. Tena yā <a name="P3.0775"></a> pubbe bhūtapubbā dukkhavedanā, tassa idāni abhāvato imissā ca sukhāya vedanāya ito paṭhamaṃ abhāvato vedanā nāma aniccā adhuvā vipariṇāmadhammā, itiha tattha sampajāno hoti. Vuttampi cetaṃ bhagavatā –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Yasmiṃ, aggivessana, samaye sukhaṃ vedanaṃ vedeti, neva tasmiṃ samaye dukkhaṃ vedanaṃ vedeti, na adukkhamasukhaṃ vedanaṃ vedeti, sukhaṃyeva tasmiṃ samaye vedanaṃ vedeti. Yasmiṃ, aggivessana, samaye dukkhaṃ…pe… adukkhamasukhaṃ vedanaṃ vedeti, neva tasmiṃ samaye sukhaṃ vedanaṃ vedeti, na dukkhaṃ vedanaṃ vedeti, adukkhamasukhaṃyeva tasmiṃ samaye vedanaṃ vedeti. Sukhāpi, kho, aggivessana, vedanā aniccā saṅkhatā paṭiccasamuppannā khayadhammā vayadhammā virāgadhammā nirodhadhammā. Dukkhāpi, kho…pe… adukkhamasukhāpi kho, aggivessana, vedanā aniccā…pe… nirodhadhammā. Evaṃ passaṃ, aggivessana, sutavā ariyasāvako sukhāyapi vedanāya nibbindati, dukkhāyapi vedanāya nibbindati, adukkhamasukhāyapi vedanāya nibbindati, nibbindaṃ virajjati, virāgā vimuccati, vimuttasmiṃ ‘vimuttamī’ti ñāṇaṃ hoti, ‘khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānātī’’ti (ma. ni. 2.205).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sāmisaṃ vā sukha</span>ntiādīsu <span class="bld">sāmisā sukhā</span> nāma pañcakāmaguṇāmisasannissitā cha gehasitasomanassavedanā. <span class="bld">Nirāmisā sukhā</span> nāma cha nekkhammasitasomanassavedanā. <span class="bld">Sāmisā dukkhā</span> nāma cha gehasitadomanassavedanā. <span class="bld">Nirāmisā dukkhā</span> nāma cha nekkhammasitadomanassavedanā. <span class="bld">Sāmisā adukkhamasukhā</span> nāma cha gehasitaupekkhāvedanā. <span class="bld">Nirāmisā adukkhamasukhā</span> <a name="M2.0366"></a> nāma cha nekkhammasitaupekkhāvedanā. Tāsaṃ vibhāgo <span class="bld">sakkapañhe</span> vuttoyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Iti</span> <a name="V2.0329"></a> <span class="bld">ajjhattaṃ vā</span>ti evaṃ sukhavedanādipariggaṇhanena attano vā vedanāsu, parassa vā vedanāsu, kālena vā attano, kālena vā parassa vedanāsu vedanānupassī viharati. <span class="bld">Samudayavayadhammānupassī vā</span>ti ettha pana avijjāsamudayā vedanāsamudayotiādīhi pañcahi pañcahi ākārehi vedanānaṃ samudayañca <a name="P3.0776"></a> vayañca passanto ‘‘samudayadhammānupassī vā vedanāsu viharati, vayadhammānupassī vā vedanāsu viharati, kālena samudayadhammānupassī vā vedanāsu, kālena vayadhammānupassī vā vedanāsu viharatī’’ti veditabbo. Ito paraṃ kāyānupassanāyaṃ vuttanayameva. Kevalañhi idha vedanāpariggāhikā sati dukkhasaccanti evaṃ yojanaṃ katvā vedanāpariggāhakassa bhikkhuno niyyānamukhaṃ veditabbaṃ, sesaṃ tādisamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Vedanānupassanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Cittānupassanāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para381"></a><a name="para381_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">381</span>. Evaṃ navavidhena vedanānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānaṃ kathetvā idāni soḷasavidhena cittānupassanaṃ kathetuṃ <span class="bld">kathañca, bhikkhave</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">sarāga</span>nti aṭṭhavidhalobhasahagataṃ. <span class="bld">Vītarāga</span>nti lokiyakusalābyākataṃ. Idaṃ pana yasmā sammasanaṃ na dhammasamodhānaṃ tasmā idha ekapadepi lokuttaraṃ na labbhati. Sesāni cattāri akusalacittāni neva purimapadaṃ na pacchimapadaṃ bhajanti. <span class="bld">Sadosa</span>nti duvidhadomanassasahagataṃ. <span class="bld">Vītadosa</span>nti lokiyakusalābyākataṃ. Sesāni dasa akusalacittāni neva purimapadaṃ, na pacchimapadaṃ bhajanti. <span class="bld">Samoha</span>nti vicikicchāsahagatañceva, uddhaccasahagatañcāti duvidhaṃ. Yasmā pana moho sabbākusalesu uppajjati, tasmā sesānipi idha vaṭṭantiyeva. Imasmiññeva hi duke dvādasākusalacittāni pariyādinnānīti. <span class="bld">Vītamoha</span>nti lokiyakusalābyākataṃ. <span class="bld">Saṅkhitta</span>nti thinamiddhānupatitaṃ. Etañhi saṅkuṭitacittaṃ nāma. <span class="bld">Vikkhitta</span>nti uddhaccasahagataṃ, etañhi pasaṭacittaṃ nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mahaggata</span>nti rūpārūpāvacaraṃ. <span class="bld">Amahaggata</span>nti kāmāvacaraṃ. <span class="bld">Sauttara</span>nti kāmāvacaraṃ. <span class="bld">Anuttara</span>nti rūpāvacaraṃ arūpāvacarañca. Tatrāpi sauttaraṃ rūpāvacaraṃ, anuttaraṃ <a name="M2.0367"></a> arūpāvacarameva. <span class="bld">Samāhita</span>nti yassa appanāsamādhi upacārasamādhi vā atthi. <span class="bld">Asamāhita</span>nti ubhayasamādhivirahitaṃ<a name="V2.0330"></a>. <span class="bld">Vimutta</span>nti tadaṅgavikkhambhanavimuttīhi vimuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Avimutta</span>nti ubhayavimuttivirahitaṃ. Samucchedapaṭippassaddhinissaraṇavimuttīnaṃ pana idha okāsova natthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Iti</span> <a name="P3.0777"></a> <span class="bld">ajjhattaṃ vā</span>ti evaṃ sarāgādipariggaṇhanena yasmiṃ yasmiṃ khaṇe yaṃ yaṃ cittaṃ pavattati, taṃ taṃ sallakkhento attano vā citte, parassa vā citte, kālena vā attano, kālena vā parassa citte cittānupassī viharati. <span class="bld">Samudayavayadhammānupassī</span>ti ettha pana avijjāsamudayā viññāṇasamudayoti evaṃ pañcahi pañcahi ākārehi viññāṇassa samudayo ca vayo ca nīharitabbo. Ito paraṃ vuttanayameva. Kevalañhi idha cittapariggāhikā sati dukkhasaccanti evaṃ padayojanaṃ katvā cittapariggāhakassa bhikkhuno niyyānamukhaṃ veditabbaṃ. Sesaṃ tādisamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Cittānupassanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Dhammānupassanā nīvaraṇapabbavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para382"></a><a name="para382_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">382</span>. Evaṃ soḷasavidhena cittānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānaṃ kathetvā idāni pañcavidhena dhammānupassanaṃ kathetuṃ <span class="bld">kathañca, bhikkhave</span>tiādimāha. Apica bhagavatā kāyānupassanāya suddharūpapariggaho kathito, vedanācittānupassanāhi suddhaarūpapariggaho. Idāni rūpārūpamissakapariggahaṃ kathetuṃ ‘‘kathañca, bhikkhave’’tiādimāha. Kāyānupassanāya vā rūpakkhandhapariggahova kathito, vedanānupassanāya vedanākkhandhapariggahova, cittānupassanāya viññāṇakkhandhapariggahova idāni saññāsaṅkhārakkhandhapariggahampi kathetuṃ ‘‘kathañca, bhikkhave’’tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">santa</span>nti abhiṇhasamudācāravasena saṃvijjamānaṃ. <span class="bld">Asanta</span>nti asamudācāravasena vā pahīnattā vā asaṃvijjamānaṃ. <span class="bld">Yathā cā</span>ti yena kāraṇena kāmacchandassa uppādo hoti. <span class="bld">Tañca pajānātī</span>ti tañca kāraṇaṃ pajānāti. Iti iminā nayena sabbapadesu attho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha subhanimitte ayonisomanasikārena kāmacchandassa uppādo hoti. <span class="bld">Subhanimittaṃ</span> nāma <a name="V2.0331"></a> subhampi subhanimittaṃ, subhārammaṇampi subhanimittaṃ. <span class="bld">Ayonisomanasikāro</span> <a name="M2.0368"></a> nāma anupāyamanasikāro uppathamanasikāro anicce niccanti vā, dukkhe sukhanti vā, anattani attāti vā, asubhe subhanti vā manasikāro. Taṃ tattha bahulaṃ pavattayato kāmacchando uppajjati. Tenāha bhagavā – ‘‘atthi, bhikkhave, subhanimittaṃ, tattha ayonisomanasikārabahulīkāro, ayamāhāro anuppannassa vā kāmacchandassa uppādāya uppannassa vā kāmacchandassa bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāyā’’ti <a name="P3.0778"></a> (saṃ. ni. 5.232).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Asubhanimitte pana yonisomanasikārenassa pahānaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Asubhanimittaṃ</span> nāma asubhampi asubhārammaṇampi. <span class="bld">Yonisomanasikāro</span> nāma upāyamanasikāro pathamanasikāro anicce aniccanti vā, dukkhe dukkhanti vā, anattani anattāti vā, asubhe asubhanti vā manasikāro. Taṃ tattha bahulaṃ pavattayato kāmacchando pahīyati. Tenāha bhagavā – ‘‘atthi, bhikkhave, asubhanimittaṃ, tattha yonisomanasikārabahulīkāro, ayamāhāro anuppannassa vā kāmacchandassa anuppādāya uppannassa vā kāmacchandassa pahānāyā’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.232).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica cha dhammā kāmacchandassa pahānāya saṃvattanti asubhanimittassa uggaho, asubhabhāvanānuyogo, indriyesu guttadvāratā, bhojane mattaññutā, kalyāṇamittatā, sappāyakathāti. Dasavidhañhi asubhanimittaṃ uggaṇhantassāpi kāmacchando pahīyati, bhāventassāpi indriyesu pihitadvārassāpi catunnaṃ pañcannaṃ ālopānaṃ okāse sati udakaṃ pivitvā yāpanasīlatāya bhojanamattaññunopi. Teneva vuttaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Cattāro pañca ālope, abhutvā udakaṃ pive;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Alaṃ phāsuvihārāya, pahitattassa bhikkhuno’’ti. (theragā. 983);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Asubhakammikatissattherasadise asubhabhāvanārate kalyāṇamitte sevantassapi kāmacchando pahīyati, ṭhānanisajjādīsu dasaasubhanissitasappāyakathāya pahīyati, tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘cha dhammā kāmacchandassa pahānāya saṃvattantī’’ti. Imehi pana chahi dhammehi pahīnakāmacchandassa arahattamaggena āyatiṃ anuppādo hotīti pajānāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paṭighanimitte <a name="M2.0369"></a> ayonisomanasikārena pana byāpādassa uppādo hoti. Tattha paṭighampi paṭighanimittaṃ<a name="V2.0332"></a>, paṭighārammaṇampi paṭighanimittaṃ. Ayonisomanasikāro sabbattha ekalakkhaṇova. Taṃ tasmiṃ nimitte bahulaṃ pavattayato byāpādo uppajjati. Tenāha bhagavā – ‘‘atthi, bhikkhave, paṭighanimittaṃ<a name="P3.0779"></a>, tattha ayonisomanasikārabahulīkāro, ayamāhāro anuppannassa vā byāpādassa uppādāya uppannassa vā byāpādassa bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāyā’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.232).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Mettāya pana cetovimuttiyā yonisomanasikārenassa pahānaṃ hoti. Tattha <span class="bld">mettā</span>ti vutte appanāpi upacāropi vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Cetovimuttī</span>ti appanāva. Yonisomanasikāro vuttalakkhaṇova. Taṃ tattha bahulaṃ pavattayato byāpādo pahīyati. Tenāha bhagavā – ‘‘atthi, bhikkhave, mettā cetovimutti, tattha yonisomanasikārabahulīkāro, ayamāhāro anuppannassa vā byāpādassa anuppādāya uppannassa vā byāpādassa pahānāyā’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.232).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica cha dhammā byāpādassa pahānāya saṃvattanti mettānimittassa uggaho mettābhāvanānuyogo kammassakatāpaccavekkhaṇā paṭisaṅkhānabahulatā kalyāṇamittatā sappāyakathāti. Odissakaanodissakadisāpharaṇānañhi aññataravasena mettaṃ uggaṇhantassāpi byāpādo pahīyati, odhisoanodhisopharaṇavasena mettaṃ bhāventassāpi. ‘‘Tvaṃ etassa kuddho kiṃ karissasi, kimassa sīlādīni vināsetuṃ sakkhissasi, nanu tvaṃ attano kammena āgantvā attano kammeneva gamissasi, parassa kujjhanaṃ nāma vītaccitaṅgāra tattaaya salākagūthādīni gahetvā paraṃ paharitukāmatāsadisaṃ hoti. Esopi tava kuddho kiṃ karissati, kiṃ te sīlādīni vināsetuṃ sakkhissati, esa attano kammena āgantvā attano kammeneva gamissati, appaṭicchitapaheṇakaṃ viya paṭivātaṃ khittarajomuṭṭhi viya ca etassevesa kodho matthake patissatī’’ti evaṃ attano ca parassa ca kammassakataṃ paccavekkhatopi, ubhayakammassakataṃ paccavekkhitvā paṭisaṅkhāne ṭhitassāpi, assaguttattherasadise mettābhāvanārate kalyāṇamitte sevantassāpi byāpādo pahīyati. Ṭhānanisajjādīsu mettānissitasappāyakathāyapi pahīyati. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘cha <a name="M2.0370"></a> dhammā byāpādassa pahānāya saṃvattantī’’ti. Imehi pana chahi dhammehi <a name="P3.0780"></a> pahīnassa byāpādassa anāgāmimaggena āyatiṃ anuppādo hotīti pajānāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Arati</span>ādīsu ayonisomanasikārena thinamiddhassa uppādo hoti. <span class="bld">Tandī</span> nāma kāyālasiyatā. <span class="bld">Vijambhitā</span> nāma kāyavinamanā. <span class="bld">Bhattasammado</span> nāma bhattamucchā bhattapariḷāho. <span class="bld">Cetaso līnattaṃ</span> nāma cittassa līnākāro. Imesu aratiādīsu ayonisomanasikāraṃ bahulaṃ pavattayato <a name="V2.0333"></a> thinamiddhaṃ uppajjati. Tenāha – ‘‘atthi, bhikkhave, arati tandī vijambhitā bhattasammado cetaso līnattaṃ, tattha ayonisomanasikārabahulīkāro, ayamāhāro anuppannassa vā thinamiddhassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā thinamiddhassa bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāyā’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.232).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ārambhadhātuādīsu pana yonisomanasikārenassa pahānaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Ārambhadhātu</span> nāma paṭhamārambhavīriyaṃ. <span class="bld">Nikkamadhātu</span> nāma kosajjato nikkhantatāya tato balavataraṃ. <span class="bld">Parakkamadhātu</span> nāma paraṃ paraṃ ṭhānaṃ akkamanato tatopi balavataraṃ. Imasmiṃ tippabhede vīriye yonisomanasikāraṃ bahulaṃ pavattayato thinamiddhaṃ pahīyati. Tenāha – ‘‘atthi, bhikkhave, ārambhadhātu nikkamadhātu parakkamadhātu, tattha yonisomanasikārabahulīkāro, ayamāhāro anuppannassa vā thinamiddhassa anuppādāya, uppannassa vā thinamiddhassa pahānāyā’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.232).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica cha dhammā thinamiddhassa pahānāya saṃvattanti – atibhojane nimittaggāho, iriyāpathasamparivattanatā, ālokasaññāmanasikāro, abbhokāsavāso, kalyāṇamittatā, sappāyakathāti. Āharahatthaka tatravaṭṭaka alaṃsāṭaka kākamāsaka bhuttavamitakabhojanaṃ bhuñjitvā rattiṭṭhānadivāṭṭhāne nisinnassa hi samaṇadhammaṃ karoto thinamiddhaṃ mahāhatthī viya ottharantaṃ āgacchati, catupañcaālopaokāsaṃ pana ṭhapetvā pānīyaṃ pivitvā yāpanasīlassa bhikkhuno taṃ na hotīti evaṃ atibhojane nimittaṃ gaṇhantassāpi thinamiddhaṃ pahīyati. Yasmiṃ iriyāpathe thinamiddhaṃ okkamati, tato aññaṃ parivattentassāpi, rattiṃ candālokadīpālokaukkāloke <a name="P3.0781"></a> divā sūriyālokaṃ manasikarontassāpi, abbhokāse <a name="M2.0371"></a> vasantassāpi, mahākassapattherasadise pahīnathinamiddhe kalyāṇamitte sevantassāpi thinamiddhaṃ pahīyati. Ṭhānanisajjādīsu dhutaṅganissitasappāyakathāyapi pahīyati. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘cha dhammā thinamiddhassa pahānāya saṃvattantī’’ti. Imehi pana chahi dhammehi pahīnassa thinamiddhassa arahattamaggena āyatiṃ anuppādo hotīti pajānāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Cetaso avūpasame ayonisomanasikārena uddhaccakukkuccassa uppādo hoti. <span class="bld">Avūpasamo</span> nāma avūpasantākāro, uddhaccakukkuccamevetaṃ atthato. Tattha ayonisomanasikāraṃ bahulaṃ pavattayato uddhaccakukkuccaṃ uppajjati. Tenāha – ‘‘atthi, bhikkhave, cetaso avūpasamo, tattha ayonisomanasikārabahulīkāro, ayamāhāro anuppannassa vā uddhaccakukkuccassa <a name="V2.0334"></a> uppādāya, uppannassa vā uddhaccakukkuccassa bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāyā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Samādhisaṅkhāte pana cetaso vūpasame yonisomanasikārenassa pahānaṃ hoti. Tenāha – ‘‘atthi, bhikkhave, cetaso vūpasamo, tattha yonisomanasikārabahulīkāro, ayamāhāro anuppannassa vā uddhaccakukkuccassa anuppādāya, uppannassa vā uddhaccakukkuccassa pahānāyā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica cha dhammā uddhaccakukkuccassa pahānāya saṃvattanti bahussutatā paripucchakatā vinaye pakataññutā vuddhasevitā kalyāṇamittatā sappāyakathāti. Bāhussaccenapi hi ekaṃ vā dve vā tayo vā cattāro vā pañca vā nikāye pāḷivasena atthavasena ca uggaṇhantassāpi uddhaccakukkuccaṃ pahīyati. Kappiyākappiyaparipucchābahulassāpi, vinayapaññattiyaṃ ciṇṇavasibhāvatāya pakataññunopi, vuḍḍhe mahallakatthere upasaṅkamantassāpi, upālittherasadise vinayadhare kalyāṇamitte sevantassāpi uddhaccakukkuccaṃ pahīyati, ṭhānanisajjādīsu kappiyākappiyanissitasappāyakathāyapi pahīyati. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘cha dhammā uddhaccakukkuccassa pahānāya saṃvattantī’’ti. Imehi pana chahi dhammehi pahīne uddhaccakukkucce uddhaccassa arahattamaggena<a name="P3.0782"></a>, kukkuccassa anāgāmimaggena āyatiṃ anuppādo hotīti pajānāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vicikicchāṭhānīyesu dhammesu ayonisomanasikārena vicikicchāya uppādo hoti. <span class="bld">Vicikicchāṭhānīyā dhammā</span> nāma punappunaṃ vicikicchāya kāraṇattā <a name="M2.0372"></a> vicikicchāva. Tattha ayonisomanasikāraṃ bahulaṃ pavattayato vicikicchā uppajjati. Tenāha – ‘‘atthi, bhikkhave, vicikicchāṭhānīyā dhammā, tattha ayonisomanasikārabahulīkāro, ayamāhāro anuppannāya vā vicikicchāya uppādāya, uppannāya vā vicikicchāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāyā’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.232).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kusalādidhammesu yonisomanasikārena panassā pahānaṃ hoti, tenāha – ‘‘atthi, bhikkhave, kusalākusalā dhammā sāvajjānavajjā dhammā sevitabbāsevitabbā dhammā hīnapaṇītā dhammā kaṇhasukkasappaṭibhāgā dhammā. Tattha yonisomanasikārabahulīkāro, ayamāhāro, anuppannāya vā vicikicchāya anuppādāya; uppannāya vā vicikicchāya pahānāyā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica <a name="V2.0335"></a> cha dhammā vicikicchāya pahānāya saṃvattanti bahussutatā, paripucchakatā, vinaye pakataññutā, adhimokkhabahulatā, kalyāṇamittatā, sappāyakathāti. Bāhussaccenapi hi ekaṃ vā…pe… pañca vā nikāye pāḷivasena ca atthavasena ca uggaṇhantassāpi vicikicchā pahīyati, tīṇi ratanāni ārabbha paripucchābahulassāpi, vinaye ciṇṇavasībhāvassāpi, tīsu ratanesu okappaniyasaddhāsaṅkhātaadhimokkhabahulassāpi, saddhādhimutte vakkalittherasadise kalyāṇamitte sevantassāpi vicikicchā pahīyati, ṭhānanisajjādīsu tiṇṇaṃ ratanānaṃ guṇanissitasappāyakathāyapi pahīyati. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘cha dhammā vicikicchāya pahānāya saṃvattantī’’ti. Imehi pana chahi dhammehi pahīnāya vicikicchāya sotāpattimaggena āyatiṃ anuppādo hotīti pajānāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Iti ajjhattaṃ vā</span>ti evaṃ pañcanīvaraṇapariggaṇhanena attano vā dhammesu, parassa vā dhammesu, kālena vā attano, kālena vā parassa dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati. Samudayavayā panettha subhanimittaasubhanimittādīsu ayonisomanasikārayonisomanasikāravasena <a name="P3.0783"></a> pañcasu nīvaraṇesu vuttāyeva nīharitabbā. Ito paraṃ vuttanayameva. Kevalañhi idha nīvaraṇapariggāhikā <a name="M2.0373"></a> sati dukkhasaccanti evaṃ yojanaṃ katvā nīvaraṇapariggāhakassa bhikkhuno niyyānamukhaṃ veditabbaṃ. Sesaṃ tādisamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Nīvaraṇapabbaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Khandhapabbavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para383"></a><a name="para383_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">383</span>. Evaṃ pañcanīvaraṇavasena dhammānupassanaṃ vibhajitvā idāni pañcakkhandhavasena vibhajituṃ <span class="bld">puna capara</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">pañcasu upādānakkhandhesū</span>ti upādānassa khandhā upādānakkhandhā, upādānassa paccayabhūtā dhammapuñjā dhammarāsayoti attho. Ayamettha saṅkhepo. Vitthārato pana khandhakathā visuddhimagge vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Iti rūpa</span>nti idaṃ rūpaṃ, ettakaṃ rūpaṃ, na ito paraṃ rūpaṃ atthīti sabhāvato rūpaṃ pajānāti. Vedanādīsupi eseva nayo. Ayamettha saṅkhepo, vitthārena pana rūpādīni visuddhimagge <a name="V2.0336"></a> khandhakathāyameva vuttāni. <span class="bld">Iti rūpassa samudayo</span>ti evaṃ avijjāsamudayādivasena pañcahākārehi rūpassa samudayo. <span class="bld">Iti rūpassa atthaṅgamo</span>ti evaṃ avijjānirodhādivasena pañcahākārehi rūpassa atthaṅgamo. Vedanādīsupi eseva nayo. Ayamettha saṅkhepo, vitthāro pana visuddhimagge udayabbayañāṇakathāya vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Iti ajjhattaṃ vā</span>ti evaṃ pañcakkhandhapariggaṇhanena attano vā dhammesu, parassa vā dhammesu, kālena vā attano, kālena vā parassa dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati. Samudayavayā panettha ‘‘avijjāsamudayā rūpasamudayo’’tiādīnaṃ pañcasu khandhesu vuttānaṃ paññāsāya lakkhaṇānaṃ vasena nīharitabbā. Ito paraṃ vuttanayameva. Kevalañhi idha khandhapariggāhikā sati dukkhasaccanti evaṃ yojanaṃ katvā khandhapariggāhakassa bhikkhuno niyyānamukhaṃ veditabbaṃ. Sesaṃ tādisamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Khandhapabbaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Āyatanapabbavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para384"></a><a name="para384_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">384</span>. Evaṃ <a name="P3.0784"></a><a name="M2.0374"></a> pañcakkhandhavasena dhammānupassanaṃ vibhajitvā idāni āyatanavasena vibhajituṃ <span class="bld">puna capara</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">chasu ajjhattikabāhiresu āyatanesū</span>ti cakkhu sotaṃ ghānaṃ jivhā kāyo manoti imesu chasu ajjhattikesu, rūpaṃ saddo gandho raso phoṭṭhabbo dhammoti imesu chasu bāhiresu. <span class="bld">Cakkhuñca pajānātī</span>ti cakkhupasādaṃ yāthāvasarasalakkhaṇavasena pajānāti. <span class="bld">Rūpe ca pajānātī</span>ti bahiddhā catusamuṭṭhānikarūpañca yāthāvasarasalakkhaṇavasena pajānāti. <span class="bld">Yañca tadubhayaṃ paṭicca uppajjati saṃyojana</span>nti yañca taṃ cakkhuṃ ceva rūpe cāti ubhayaṃ paṭicca. Kāmarāgasaṃyojanaṃ paṭigha, māna, diṭṭhi, vicikicchā, sīlabbataparāmāsa, bhavarāga, issā, macchariya, avijjāsaṃyojananti dasavidhaṃ saṃyojanaṃ uppajjati, tañca yāthāvasarasalakkhaṇavasena pajānāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ panetaṃ uppajjatīti? Cakkhudvāre tāva āpāthagataṃ iṭṭhārammaṇaṃ kāmassādavasena assādayato abhinandato kāmarāgasaṃyojanaṃ uppajjati. Aniṭṭhārammaṇe kujjhato paṭighasaṃyojanaṃ <a name="V2.0337"></a> uppajjati. ‘‘Ṭhapetvā maṃ ko añño etaṃ ārammaṇaṃ vibhāvetuṃ samattho atthī’’ti maññato mānasaṃyojanaṃ uppajjati. Etaṃ rūpārammaṇaṃ niccaṃ dhuvanti gaṇhato diṭṭhisaṃyojanaṃ uppajjati. ‘‘Etaṃ rūpārammaṇaṃ satto nu kho, sattassa nu kho’’ti vicikicchato vicikicchāsaṃyojanaṃ uppajjati. ‘‘Sampattibhave vata no idaṃ sulabhaṃ jāta’’nti bhavaṃ patthentassa bhavarāgasaṃyojanaṃ uppajjati. ‘‘Āyatimpi evarūpaṃ sīlabbataṃ samādiyitvā sakkā laddhu’’nti sīlabbataṃ samādiyantassa sīlabbataparāmāsasaṃyojanaṃ uppajjati. ‘‘Aho vata taṃ rūpārammaṇaṃ aññe na labheyyu’’nti usūyato issāsaṃyojanaṃ uppajjati. Attanā laddhaṃ rūpārammaṇaṃ aññassa maccharāyato macchariyasaṃyojanaṃ uppajjati. Sabbeheva sahajātaaññāṇavasena avijjāsaṃyojanaṃ uppajjati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yathā ca anuppannassā</span>ti yena kāraṇena asamudācāravasena anuppannassa tassa dasavidhassāpi saṃyojanassa uppādo hoti, tañca kāraṇaṃ pajānāti. <span class="bld">Yathā ca uppannassā</span>ti <a name="P3.0785"></a> appahīnaṭṭhena pana samudācāravasena vā uppannassa tassa dasavidhassāpi saṃyojanassa yena kāraṇena pahānaṃ hoti, tañca kāraṇaṃ pajānāti. <span class="bld">Yathā ca pahīnassā</span>ti tadaṅgavikkhambhanappahānavasena pahīnassāpi tassa dasavidhassa saṃyojanassa <a name="M2.0375"></a> yena kāraṇena āyatiṃ anuppādo hoti, tañca pajānāti. Kena kāraṇena panassa āyatiṃ anuppādo hoti? Diṭṭhivicikicchāsīlabbataparāmāsaissāmacchariyabhedassa tāva pañcavidhassa saṃyojanassa sotāpattimaggena āyatiṃ anuppādo hoti. Kāmarāgapaṭighasaṃyojanadvayassa oḷārikassa sakadāgāmimaggena, aṇusahagatassa anāgāmimaggena, mānabhavarāgāvijjāsaṃyojanattayassa arahattamaggena āyatiṃ anuppādo hoti. <span class="bld">Sotañca pajānāti sadde cā</span>tiādīsupi eseva nayo. Apicettha <span class="bld">āyatanakathā</span> vitthārato visuddhimagge āyatananiddese vuttanayeneva veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Iti ajjhattaṃ vā</span>ti evaṃ ajjhattikāyatanapariggaṇhanena attano vā dhammesu bāhirāyatanapariggaṇhanena parassa vā dhammesu, kālena vā attano, kālena vā parassa dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati. Samudayavayā panettha ‘‘avijjāsamudayā cakkhusamudayo’’ti rūpāyatanassa rūpakkhandhe, arūpāyatanesu manāyatanassa viññāṇakkhandhe, dhammāyatanassa sesakkhandhesu vuttanayena nīharitabbā. Lokuttaradhammā na gahetabbā. Ito paraṃ vuttanayameva. Kevalañhi idha āyatanapariggāhikā sati dukkhasaccanti evaṃ yojanaṃ katvā āyatanapariggāhakassa bhikkhuno niyyānamukhaṃ veditabbaṃ. Sesaṃ tādisamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Āyatanapabbaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Bojjhaṅgapabbavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para385"></a><a name="para385_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">385</span>. Evaṃ <a name="V2.0338"></a> cha ajjhattikabāhirāyatanavasena dhammānupassanaṃ vibhajitvā idāni bojjhaṅgavasena vibhajituṃ <span class="bld">puna capara</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">bojjhaṅgesū</span>ti bujjhanakasattassa aṅgesu. <span class="bld">Santa</span>nti paṭilābhavasena saṃvijjamānaṃ. <span class="bld">Satisambojjhaṅga</span>nti satisaṅkhātaṃ sambojjhaṅgaṃ. Ettha hi sambujjhati āraddhavipassakato paṭṭhāya yogāvacaroti <span class="bld">sambodhi.</span> Yāya vā so satiādikāya sattadhammasāmaggiyā sambujjhati <a name="P3.0786"></a> kilesaniddāto uṭṭhāti, saccāni vā paṭivijjhati, sā dhammasāmaggī sambodhi. Tassa sambodhissa, tassā vā sambodhiyā aṅganti <span class="bld">sambojjhaṅgaṃ.</span> Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘satisaṅkhātaṃ sambojjhaṅga’’nti. Sesasambojjhaṅgesupi imināva nayena vacanattho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Asanta</span>nti <a name="M2.0376"></a> appaṭilābhavasena avijjamānaṃ. <span class="bld">Yathā ca anupannassā</span>tiādīsu pana satisambojjhaṅgassa tāva ‘‘atthi, bhikkhave, satisambojjhaṅgaṭṭhānīyā dhammā, tattha yonisomanasikārabahulīkāro, ayamāhāro anuppannassa vā satisambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā satisambojjhaṅgassa bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā saṃvattatī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.232) evaṃ uppādo hoti. Tattha satiyeva satisambojjhaṅgaṭṭhānīyā dhammā. Yonisomanasikāro vuttalakkhaṇoyeva. Taṃ tattha bahulaṃ pavattayato satisambojjhaṅgo uppajjati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica cattāro dhammā satisambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya saṃvattanti satisampajaññaṃ muṭṭhassatipuggalaparivajjanatā upaṭṭhitassatipuggalasevanatā tadadhimuttatāti. Abhikkantādīsu hi sattasu ṭhānesu satisampajaññena, bhattanikkhittakākasadise muṭṭhassatipuggale parivajjanena, tissadattattheraabhayattherasadise upaṭṭhitassatipuggale sevanena, ṭhānanisajjādīsu satisamuṭṭhāpanatthaṃ ninnapoṇapabbhāracittatāya ca satisambojjhaṅgo uppajjati. Evaṃ catūhi kāraṇehi uppannassa panassa arahattamaggena bhāvanāpāripūri hotīti pajānāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgassa</span> pana ‘‘atthi, bhikkhave, kusalākusalā dhammā…pe… kaṇhasukkasappaṭibhāgā dhammā, tattha yonisomanasikārabahulīkāro, ayamāhāro anuppannassa vā dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgassa bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā saṃvattatī’’ti evaṃ uppādo hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica <a name="V2.0339"></a> satta dhammā dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya saṃvattanti paripucchakatā vatthuvisadakiriyā <a name="P3.0787"></a> indriyasamattapaṭipādanā duppaññapuggalaparivajjanā paññavantapuggalasevanā gambhīrañāṇacariyapaccavekkhaṇā tadadhimuttatāti. Tattha <span class="bld">paripucchakatā</span>ti khandhadhātuāyatanaindriyabalabojjhaṅgamaggaṅgajhānaṅgasamathavipassanānaṃ atthasannissitaparipucchābahulatā. <span class="bld">Vatthuvisadakiriyā</span>ti ajjhattikabāhirānaṃ vatthūnaṃ visadabhāvakaraṇaṃ. Yadā hissa kesanakhalomāni dīghāni honti, sarīraṃ vā ussannadosañceva sedamalamakkhitañca, tadā ajjhattikaṃ vatthu avisadaṃ hoti aparisuddhaṃ. Yadā pana cīvaraṃ jiṇṇaṃ kiliṭṭhaṃ <a name="M2.0377"></a> duggandhaṃ hoti, senāsanaṃ vā uklāpaṃ, tadā bāhiravatthu avisadaṃ hoti aparisuddhaṃ. Tasmā kesādichedāpanena uddhaṃvirecanaadhovirecanādīhi sarīrasallahukabhāvakaraṇena ucchādananahāpanena ca ajjhattikavatthu visadaṃ kātabbaṃ. Sūcikammadhovanarajanaparibhaṇḍakaraṇādīhi bāhiravatthu visadaṃ kātabbaṃ. Etasmiñhi ajjhattikabāhire vatthumhi avisade uppannesu cittacetasikesu ñāṇampi avisadaṃ hoti aparisuddhaṃ aparisuddhāni dīpakapallavaṭṭitelāni nissāya uppannadīpasikhāya obhāso viya. Visade pana ajjhattikabāhire vatthumhi uppannesu cittacetasikesu ñāṇampi visadaṃ hoti parisuddhāni dīpakapallavaṭṭitelāni nissāya uppannadīpasikhāya obhāso viya. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘vatthuvisadakiriyā dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya saṃvattatī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Indriyasamattapaṭipādanā</span> nāma saddhādīnaṃ indriyānaṃ samabhāvakaraṇaṃ. Sace hissa saddhindriyaṃ balavaṃ hoti, itarāni mandāni, tato vīriyindriyaṃ paggahakiccaṃ, satindriyaṃ upaṭṭhānakiccaṃ, samādhindriyaṃ avikkhepakiccaṃ, paññindriyaṃ dassanakiccaṃ kātuṃ na sakkoti. Tasmā taṃ dhammasabhāvapaccavekkhaṇena vā, yathā vā manasikaroto balavaṃ jātaṃ, tathā amanasikārena hāpetabbaṃ. Vakkalittheravatthu cettha nidassanaṃ. Sace pana vīriyindriyaṃ balavaṃ hoti, atha saddhindriyaṃ adhimokkhakiccaṃ kātuṃ na sakkoti, na itarāni itarakiccabhedaṃ. Tasmā taṃ <a name="P3.0788"></a> passaddhādibhāvanāya hāpetabbaṃ. Tatrāpi soṇattherassa vatthu dassetabbaṃ. Evaṃ sesesupi ekassa balavabhāve sati itaresaṃ attano kiccesu asamatthatā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Visesato panettha saddhāpaññānaṃ samādhivīriyānañca samataṃ pasaṃsanti. Balavasaddho hi mandapañño mudhappasanno hoti, avatthusmiṃ pasīdati. Balavapañño mandasaddho kerāṭikapakkhaṃ bhajati, bhesajjasamuṭṭhito viya rogo atekiccho hoti. Cittuppādamatteneva kusalaṃ hotīti atidhāvitvā dānādīni akaronto niraye uppajjati. Ubhinnaṃ samatāya vatthusmiṃyeva pasīdati. Balavasamādhiṃ pana mandavīriyaṃ samādhissa kosajjapakkhattā kosajjaṃ abhibhavati. Balavavīriyaṃ <a name="V2.0340"></a> mandasamādhiṃ vīriyassa uddhaccapakkhattā uddhaccaṃ abhibhavati. Samādhi pana vīriyena saṃyojito kosajje patituṃ na labhati, vīriyaṃ samādhinā saṃyojitaṃ uddhacce patituṃ <a name="M2.0378"></a> na labhati. Tasmā tadubhayaṃ samaṃ kātabbaṃ. Ubhayasamatāya hi appanā hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica samādhikammikassa balavatīpi saddhā vaṭṭati. Evaṃ saddahanto okappento appanaṃ pāpuṇissati. Samādhipaññāsu pana samādhikammikassa ekaggatā balavatī vaṭṭati. Evañhi so appanaṃ pāpuṇāti. Vipassanākammikassa paññā balavatī vaṭṭati. Evañhi so lakkhaṇapaṭivedhaṃ pāpuṇāti. Ubhinnaṃ pana samatāyapi appanā hotiyeva. Sati pana sabbattha balavatī vaṭṭati. Sati hi cittaṃ uddhaccapakkhikānaṃ saddhāvīriyapaññānaṃ vasena uddhaccapātato, kosajjapakkhikena ca samādhinā kosajjapātato rakkhati. Tasmā sā loṇadhūpanaṃ viya sabbabyañjanesu, sabbakammikaamacco viya ca, sabbarājakiccesu sabbattha icchitabbā. Tenāha – ‘‘sati ca pana sabbatthikā vuttā bhagavatā, kiṃ kāraṇā? Cittañhi satipaṭisaraṇaṃ, ārakkhapaccupaṭṭhānā ca sati, na vinā satiyā cittassa paggahaniggaho hotī’’ ti. <span class="bld">Duppaññapuggalaparivajjanā</span> nāma khandhādibhede anogāḷhapaññānaṃ dummedhapuggalānaṃ ārakā parivajjanaṃ. <span class="bld">Paññavantapuggalasevanā</span> nāma samapaññāsalakkhaṇapariggāhikāya <a name="P3.0789"></a> udayabbayapaññāya samannāgatapuggalasevanā. <span class="bld">Gambhīrañāṇacariyapaccavekkhaṇā</span> nāma gambhīresu khandhādīsu pavattāya gambhīrapaññāya pabhedapaccavekkhaṇā. <span class="bld">Tadadhimuttatā</span> nāma ṭhānanisajjādīsu dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgasamuṭṭhāpanatthaṃ ninnapoṇapabbhāracittatā. Evaṃ uppannassa pannassa arahattamaggena bhāvanāpāripūri hotīti pajānāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vīriyasambojjhaṅgassa</span> ‘‘atthi, bhikkhave, ārambhadhātu nikkamadhātu parakkamadhātu, tattha yonisomanasikārabahulīkāro, ayamāhāro anuppannassa vā vīriyasambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā vīriyasambojjhaṅgassa bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā saṃvattatī’’ti evaṃ uppādo hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica ekādasa dhammā vīriyasambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya saṃvattanti apāyabhayapaccavekkhaṇatā ānisaṃsadassāvitā gamanavīthipaccavekkhaṇatā piṇḍapātāpacāyanatā dāyajjamahattapaccavekkhaṇatā satthumahattapaccavekkhaṇatā jātimahattapaccavekkhaṇatā sabrahmacārimahattapaccavekkhaṇatā kusītapuggalaparivajjanatā āraddhavīriyapuggalasevanatā tadadhimuttatāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="V2.0341"></a><a name="M2.0379"></a> nirayesu pañcavidhabandhanakammakāraṇato paṭṭhāya mahādukkhānubhavanakālepi, tiracchānayoniyaṃ jālakhipanakumīnādīhi gahitakālepi, pājanakaṇṭakādippahāratunnassa sakaṭavahanādikālepi, pettivisaye anekānipi vassasahassāni ekaṃ buddhantarampi khuppipāsāhi āturībhūtakālepi, kālakañcikaasuresu saṭṭhihatthaasītihatthappamāṇena aṭṭhicammamatteneva attabhāvena vātātapādidukkhānubhavanakālepi na sakkā vīriyasambojjhaṅgaṃ uppādetuṃ, ayameva te bhikkhu kālo vīriyakaraṇāyāti evaṃ apāyabhayaṃ paccavekkhantassāpi vīriyasambojjhaṅgo uppajjati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Na sakkā kusītena navalokuttaradhammaṃ laddhuṃ, āraddhavīriyeneva sakkā ayamānisaṃso vīriyassāti <a name="P3.0790"></a> evaṃ ānisaṃsadassāvinopi uppajjati. Sabbabuddhapaccekabuddhamahāsāvakehi te gatamaggo gantabbo, so ca na sakkā kusītena gantunti evaṃ gamanavīthiṃ paccavekkhantassāpi uppajjati. Ye taṃ piṇḍapātādīhi upaṭṭhahanti, ime te manussā neva ñātakā, na dāsakammakarā, nāpi taṃ nissāya jīvissāmāti te paṇītāni cīvarādīni denti. Atha kho attano kārānaṃ mahapphalataṃ paccāsīsamānā denti. Satthārāpi ‘‘ayaṃ ime paccaye paribhuñjitvā kāyadaḷhībahulo sukhaṃ viharissatī’’ti na evaṃ sampassatā tuyhaṃ paccayā anuññātā. Atha kho ‘‘ayaṃ ime paribhuñjamāno samaṇadhammaṃ katvā vaṭṭadukkhato muccissatī’’ti te paccayā anuññātā, so dāni tvaṃ kusīto viharanto na taṃ piṇḍaṃ apacāyissati. Āraddhavīriyasseva hi piṇḍapātāpacāyanaṃ nāma hotīti evaṃ piṇḍapātāpacāyanaṃ paccavekkhantassāpi uppajjati ayyamittattherassa viya.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Thero kira kassakaleṇe nāma paṭivasati. Tassa ca gocaragāme ekā mahāupāsikā theraṃ puttaṃ katvā paṭijaggati. Sā ekadivasaṃ araññaṃ gacchantī dhītaraṃ āha – ‘‘amma, asukasmiṃ ṭhāne purāṇataṇḍulā, asukasmiṃ sappi, asukasmiṃ khīraṃ, asukasmiṃ phāṇitaṃ, tava bhātikassa ayyamittassa āgatakāle bhattaṃ pacitvā khīrasappiphāṇitehi saddhiṃ dehi, tvañca bhuñjeyyāsi. Ahaṃ pana hiyyo pakkapārivāsikabhattaṃ kañjiyena bhuttāmhī’’ti. Divā kiṃ bhuñjissasi ammā,ti? Sākapaṇṇaṃ pakkhipitvā kaṇataṇḍulehi ambilayāguṃ pacitvā ṭhapehi ammā,ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Thero <a name="M2.0380"></a> cīvaraṃ pārupitvā pattaṃ nīharantova taṃ saddaṃ sutvā attānaṃ ovadi ‘‘mahāupāsikā kira kañjiyena pārivāsikabhattaṃ bhuñji, divāpi kaṇapaṇṇambilayāguṃ bhuñjissati<a name="V2.0342"></a>, tuyhaṃ atthāya pana purāṇataṇḍulādīni ācikkhati, taṃ nissāya kho panesā neva khettaṃ na vatthuṃ na bhattaṃ na vatthaṃ paccāsīsati, tisso pana sampattiyo patthayamānā deti, tvaṃ etissā tā sampattiyo dātuṃ sakkhissasi, na sakkhissasīti, ayaṃ kho pana piṇḍapāto tayā sarāgena sadosena <a name="P3.0791"></a> samohena na sakkā gaṇhitu’’nti pattaṃ thavikāya pakkhipitvā gaṇṭhikaṃ muñcitvā nivattitvā kassakaleṇameva gantvā pattaṃ heṭṭhāmañce cīvaraṃ cīvaravaṃse ṭhapetvā ‘‘arahattaṃ apāpuṇitvā na nikkhamissāmī’’ti vīriyaṃ adhiṭṭhahitvā nisīdi. Dīgharattaṃ appamatto hutvā nivutthabhikkhu vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā purebhattameva arahattaṃ patvā vikasamānamiva padumaṃ mahākhīṇāsavo sitaṃ karontova nisīdi. Leṇadvāre rukkhamhi adhivatthā devatā –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Namo te purisājañña, namo te purisuttama;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Yassa te āsavā khīṇā, dakkhiṇeyyosi mārisā’’ti. –</p>
<p class="bodytext">Udānaṃ udānetvā ‘‘bhante, piṇḍāya paviṭṭhānaṃ tumhādisānaṃ arahantānaṃ bhikkhaṃ datvā mahallakitthiyo dukkhā muccissantī’’ti āha. Thero uṭṭhahitvā dvāraṃ vivaritvā kālaṃ olokento ‘‘pātoyevā’’ti ñatvā pattacīvaramādāya gāmaṃ pāvisi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dārikāpi bhattaṃ sampādetvā ‘‘idāni me bhātā āgamissati, idāni āgamissatī’’ti dvāraṃ olokayamānā nisīdi. Sā there gharadvāraṃ sampatte pattaṃ gahetvā sappiphāṇitayojitassa khīrapiṇḍapātassa pūretvā hatthe ṭhapesi. Thero ‘‘sukhaṃ hotū’’ti anumodanaṃ katvā pakkāmi. Sāpi taṃ olokayamānā aṭṭhāsi. Therassa hi tadā ativiya parisuddho chavivaṇṇo ahosi, vippasannāni indriyāni, mukhaṃ bandhanā pavuttatālapakkaṃ viya ativiya virocittha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Mahāupāsikā araññā āgantvā ‘‘kiṃ, amma, bhātiko te āgato’’ti pucchi. Sā sabbaṃ taṃ pavattiṃ ārocesi. Upāsikā ‘‘ajja <a name="M2.0381"></a> mama puttassa pabbajitakiccaṃ matthakaṃ patta’’nti ñatvā ‘‘abhiramati te, amma, bhātā buddhasāsane, na ukkaṇṭhatī’’ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Mahantaṃ kho panetaṃ satthudāyajjaṃ yadidaṃ satta ariyadhanāni nāma, taṃ na sakkā kusītena gahetuṃ. Yathā hi vippaṭipannaṃ puttaṃ mātāpitaro ‘‘ayaṃ amhākaṃ aputto’’ti <a name="P3.0792"></a> paribāhiraṃ <a name="V2.0343"></a> karonti, so tesaṃ accayena dāyajjaṃ na labhati, evaṃ kusītopi idaṃ ariyadhanadāyajjaṃ na labhati, āraddhavīriyova labhatīti <span class="bld">dāyajjamahattaṃ</span> paccavekkhatopi uppajjati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Mahā kho pana te satthā, satthuno hi te mātukucchismiṃ paṭisandhigaṇhanakālepi abhinikkhamanepi abhisambodhiyampi dhammacakkappavattanayamakapāṭihāriyadevorohanaāyusaṅkhāravossajjanesupi parinibbānakālepi dasasahassilokadhātu akampittha, yuttaṃ nu te evarūpassa satthu sāsane pabbajitvā kusītena bhavitunti evaṃ <span class="bld">satthumahattaṃ</span> paccavekkhatopi uppajjati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Jātiyāpi tvaṃ idāni na lāmakajātiko, asambhinnāya mahāsammatapaveṇiyā āgataukkākarājavaṃse jātosi, suddhodanamahārājassa ca mahāmāyādeviyā ca nattā, rāhulabhaddassa kaniṭṭho, tayā nāma evarūpena jinaputtena hutvā na yuttaṃ kusītena viharitunti evaṃ <span class="bld">jātimahattaṃ</span> paccavekkhatopi uppajjati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sāriputtamahāmoggallānā ceva asīti ca mahāsāvakā vīriyeneva lokuttaradhammaṃ paṭivijjhiṃsu, tvaṃ etesaṃ sabrahmacārīnaṃ maggaṃ paṭipajjasi, na paṭipajjasīti evaṃ <span class="bld">sabrahmacārimahattaṃ</span> paccavekkhatopi uppajjati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kucchiṃ pūretvā ṭhitaajagarasadise vissaṭṭhakāyikacetasikavīriye kusītapuggale parivajjantassāpi āraddhavīriye pahitatte puggale sevantassāpi ṭhānanisajjādīsu vīriyuppādanatthaṃ ninnapoṇapabbhāracittassāpi uppajjati. Evaṃ uppannassa panassa arahattamaggena bhāvanāpāripūri hotīti pajānāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pītisambojjhaṅgassa</span> ‘‘atthi, bhikkhave, pītisambojjhaṅgaṭṭhānīyā dhammā, tattha yonisomanasikārabahulīkāro, ayamāhāro anuppannassa vā pītisambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā pītisambojjhaṅgassa bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā saṃvattatī’’ti evaṃ uppādo hoti<a name="M2.0382"></a>. Tattha pītiyeva pītisambojjhaṅgaṭṭhānīyā dhammā nāma. Tassā uppādakamanasikāro yonisomanasikāro nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica ekādasa dhammā pītisambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya saṃvattanti buddhānussati, dhamma, saṅgha<a name="V2.0344"></a>, sīla, cāga, devatānussati <a name="P3.0793"></a> upasamānussati lūkhapuggalaparivajjanatā siniddhapuggalasevanatā pasādanīyasuttantapaccavekkhaṇatā tadadhimuttatāti. Buddhaguṇe anussarantassāpi hi yāva upacārā sakalasarīraṃ pharamāno pītisambojjhaṅgo uppajjati, dhammasaṅghaguṇe anussarantassāpi, dīgharattaṃ akhaṇḍaṃ katvā rakkhitaṃ catupārisuddhisīlaṃ paccavekkhantassāpi, gihinopi dasasīlaṃ pañcasīlaṃ pañcavekkhantassāpi, dubbhikkhabhayādīsu paṇītabhojanaṃ sabrahmacārīnaṃ datvā ‘‘evaṃ nāma adamhā’’ti cāgaṃ paccavekkhantassāpi, gihinopi evarūpe kāle sīlavantānaṃ dinnadānaṃ paccavekkhantassāpi, yehi guṇehi samannāgatā devatā devattaṃ pattā, tathārūpānaṃ guṇānaṃ attani atthitaṃ paccavekkhantassāpi, samāpattiyā vikkhambhitā kilesā saṭṭhipi sattatipi vassāni na samudācarantīti paccavekkhantassāpi, cetiyadassanabodhidassanatheradassanesu asakkaccakiriyāya saṃsūcitalūkhabhāve buddhādīsu pasādasinehābhāvena gadrabhapiṭṭhe rajasadise lūkhapuggale parivajjantassāpi, buddhādīsu pasādabahule muducitte siniddhapuggale sevantassāpi, ratanattayaguṇaparidīpake pasādanīyasuttante paccavekkhantassāpi, ṭhānanisajjādīsu pītiuppādanatthaṃ ninnapoṇapabbhāracittassāpi uppajjati. Evaṃ uppannassa panassa arahattamaggena bhāvanāpāripūri hotīti pajānāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Passaddhisambojjhaṅgassa</span> ‘‘atthi, bhikkhave, kāyapassaddhi cittapassaddhi, tattha yonisomanasikārabahulīkāro, ayamāhāro anuppannassa vā passaddhisambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā passaddhisambojjhaṅgassa bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā saṃvattatī’’ti evaṃ uppādo hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica satta dhammā passaddhisambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya saṃvattanti paṇītabhojanasevanatā utusukhasevanatā iriyāpathasukhasevanatā majjhattapayogatā sāraddhakāyapuggalaparivajjanatā passaddhakāyapuggalasevanatā tadadhimuttatāti. Paṇītañhi siniddhaṃ sappāyabhojanaṃ bhuñjantassāpi, sītuṇhesu <a name="P3.0794"></a> ca utūsu ṭhānādīsu ca iriyāpathesu sappāyautuñca iriyāpathañca sevantassāpi <a name="M2.0383"></a> passaddhi uppajjati. Yo pana mahāpurisajātiko sabbautuiriyāpathakkhamo hoti, na taṃ sandhāyetaṃ vuttaṃ. Yassa sabhāgavisabhāgatā atthi, tasseva visabhāge utuiriyāpathe vajjetvā sabhāge sevantassa uppajjati. Majjhattapayogo vuccati attano ca parassa ca kammassakatāpaccavekkhaṇā. Iminā majjhattapayogena uppajjati. Yo leḍḍudaṇḍādīhi paraṃ viheṭhayamāno vicarati, evarūpaṃ sāraddhakāyaṃ puggalaṃ parivajjantassāpi, saṃyatapādapāṇiṃ passaddhakāyaṃ puggalaṃ sevantassāpi, ṭhānanisajjādīsu passaddhiuppādanatthāya ninnapoṇapabbhāracittassāpi <a name="V2.0345"></a> uppajjati. Evaṃ uppannassa panassa arahattamaggena bhāvanāpāripūri hotīti pajānāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samādhisambojjhaṅgassa</span> ‘‘atthi, bhikkhave, samathanimittaṃ abyagganimittaṃ, tattha yonisomanasikārabahulīkāro, ayamāhāro, anuppannassa vā samādhisambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā samādhisambojjhaṅgassa bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā saṃvattatī’’ti evaṃ uppādo hoti. Tattha samathova samathanimittaṃ avikkhepaṭṭhena ca abyagganimittanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica ekādasa dhammā samādhisambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya saṃvattanti vatthuvisadakiriyatā indriyasamattapaṭipādanatā nimittakusalatā samaye cittassa paggaṇhanatā samaye cittassa niggaṇhanatā samaye sampahaṃsanatā samaye ajjhupekkhanatā asamāhitapuggalaparivajjanatā samāhitapuggalasevanatā jhānavimokkhapaccavekkhaṇatā tadadhimuttatāti. Tattha <span class="bld">vatthuvisadakiriyatā</span> ca <span class="bld">indriyasamattapaṭipādanatā</span> ca vuttanayeneva veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nimittakusalatā</span> nāma kasiṇanimittassa uggahaṇakusalatā. <span class="bld">Samaye cittassa paggaṇhanatā</span>ti yasmiṃ samaye atisithilavīriyatādīhi līnaṃ cittaṃ hoti, tasmiṃ samaye dhammavicayavīriyapītisambojjhaṅgasamuṭṭhāpanena tassa paggaṇhanaṃ. <span class="bld">Samaye cittassa paggaṇhanatā</span>ti yasmiṃ samaye āraddhavīriyatādīhi uddhataṃ <a name="P3.0795"></a> cittaṃ hoti, tasmiṃ samaye passaddhisamādhiupekkhāsambojjhaṅgasamuṭṭhāpanena tassa niggaṇhanaṃ. <span class="bld">Samaye sampahaṃsanatā</span>ti yasmiṃ samaye cittaṃ paññāpayogamandatāya vā upasamasukhānadhigamena vā nirassādaṃ hoti, tasmiṃ samaye aṭṭhasaṃvegavatthupaccavekkhaṇena saṃvejeti<a name="M2.0384"></a>. <span class="bld">Aṭṭha saṃvegavatthūni</span> nāma jāti jarā byādhi maraṇāni cattāri, apāyadukkhaṃ pañcamaṃ, atīte vaṭṭamūlakaṃ dukkhaṃ, anāgate vaṭṭamūlakaṃ dukkhaṃ, paccuppanne āhārapariyeṭṭhimūlakaṃ dukkhanti. Ratanattayaguṇānussaraṇena ca pasādaṃ janeti, ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘samaye sampahaṃsanatā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samaye ajjhupekkhanatā</span> nāma yasmiṃ samaye sammāpaṭipattiṃ āgamma alīnaṃ anuddhataṃ anirassādaṃ ārammaṇe samappavattaṃ samathavīthipaṭipannaṃ cittaṃ hoti, tadāssa paggahaniggahasampahaṃsanesu na byāpāraṃ āpajjati, sārathi viya samappavattesu assesu. Ayaṃ vuccati – ‘‘samaye ajjhupekkhanatā’’ti. <span class="bld">Asamāhitapuggalaparivajjanatā</span> nāma upacāraṃ vā appanaṃ <a name="V2.0346"></a> vā appattānaṃ vikkhittacittānaṃ puggalānaṃ ārakā parivajjanaṃ. <span class="bld">Samāhitapuggalasevanā</span> nāma upacārena vā appanāya vā samāhitacittānaṃ sevanā bhajanā payirupāsanā. <span class="bld">Tadadhimuttatā</span> nāma ṭhānanisajjādīsu samādhiuppādanatthaṃyeva ninnapoṇapabbhāracittatā. Evañhi paṭipajjato esa uppajjati. Evaṃ uppannassa panassa arahattamaggena bhāvanāpāripūri hotīti pajānāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upekkhāsambojjhaṅgassa</span> ‘‘atthi, bhikkhave, upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṭṭhānīyā dhammā, tattha yonisomanasikārabahulīkāro, ayamāhāro anuppannassa vā upekkhāsambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā upekkhāsambojjhaṅgassa bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā saṃvattatī’’ti evaṃ uppādo hoti. Tattha upekkhāva upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṭṭhānīyā dhammā nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica pañca dhammā upekkhāsambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya saṃvattanti sattamajjhattatā saṅkhāramajjhattatā sattasaṅkhārakelāyanapuggalaparivajjanatā <a name="P3.0796"></a> sattasaṅkhāramajjhattapuggalasevanatā tadadhimuttatāti. Tattha dvīhākārehi <span class="bld">sattamajjhattataṃ</span> samuṭṭhāpeti ‘‘tvaṃ attano kammena āgantvā attanova kammena gamissasi, esopi attanova kammena āgantvā attanova kammena gamissati, tvaṃ kaṃ kelāyasī’’ti evaṃ kammassakatāpaccavekkhaṇena, ‘‘paramatthato sattoyeva natthi, so tvaṃ kaṃ kelāyasī’’ti evaṃ nissattapaccavekkhaṇena cāti. Dvīhevākārehi <span class="bld">saṅkhāramajjhattataṃ</span> samuṭṭhāpeti – ‘‘idaṃ cīvaraṃ anupubbena vaṇṇavikāratañceva jiṇṇabhāvañca upagantvā pādapuñchanacoḷakaṃ hutvā yaṭṭhikoṭiyā chaḍḍanīyaṃ bhavissati, sace panassa sāmiko <a name="M2.0385"></a> bhaveyya, nāssa evaṃ vinassituṃ dadeyyā’’ti evaṃ assāmikabhāvapaccavekkhaṇena ca, ‘‘anaddhaniyaṃ idaṃ tāvakālika’’nti evaṃ tāvakālikabhāvapaccavekkhaṇena cāti. Yathā ca cīvare, evaṃ pattādīsupi yojanā kātabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sattasaṅkhārakelāyanapuggalaparivajjanatā</span>ti ettha yo puggalo gihi vā attano puttadhītādike, pabbajito vā attano antevāsikasamānupajjhāyakādike mamāyati, sahattheneva nesaṃ kesacchedanasūcikammacīvaradhovanarajanapattapacanādīni karoti, muhuttampi apassanto ‘‘asuko sāmaṇero kuhiṃ asuko daharo kuhi’’nti bhantamigo viya ito cito ca oloketi, aññena kesacchedanādīnaṃ atthāya ‘‘muhuttaṃ asukaṃ pesethā’’ti yāciyamānopi ‘‘amhepi taṃ attano kammaṃ na kārema, tumhe naṃ gahetvā kilamessathā’’ti na deti, ayaṃ sattakelāyano nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yo <a name="V2.0347"></a> pana cīvarapattathālakakattarayaṭṭhiādīni mamāyati, aññassa hatthena parāmasitumpi na deti, tāvakālikaṃ yācito ‘‘mayampi idaṃ mamāyantā na paribhuñjāma, tumhākaṃ kiṃ dassāmā’’ti vadati, ayaṃ <span class="bld">saṅkhārakelāyano</span> nāma. Yo pana tesu dvīsupi vatthūsu majjhatto udāsino, ayaṃ <span class="bld">sattasaṅkhāramajjhatto</span> nāma. Iti ayaṃ upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo evarūpaṃ sattasaṅkhārakelāyanapuggalaṃ ārakā parivajjantassāpi, sattasaṅkhāramajjhattapuggalaṃ sevantassāpi, ṭhānanisajjādīsu taduppādanatthaṃ ninnapoṇapabbhāracittassāpi <a name="P3.0797"></a> uppajjati. Evaṃ uppannassa panassa arahattamaggena bhāvanāpāripūri hotīti pajānāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Iti ajjhattaṃ vā</span>ti evaṃ attano vā satta sambojjhaṅge pariggaṇhitvā, parassa vā, kālena vā attano, kālena vā parassa sambojjhaṅge pariggaṇhitvā dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati. Samudayavayā panettha sambojjhaṅgānaṃ nibbattinirodhavasena veditabbā. Ito paraṃ vuttanayameva. Kevalañhi idha bojjhaṅgapariggāhikā sati dukkhasaccanti evaṃ yojanaṃ katvā bojjhaṅgapariggāhakassa bhikkhuno niyyānamukhaṃ veditabbaṃ. Sesaṃ tādisamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Bojjhaṅgapabbaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Catusaccapabbavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para386"></a><a name="para386_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">386</span>. Evaṃ <a name="M2.0386"></a> sattabojjhaṅgavasena dhammānupassanaṃ vibhajitvā idāni catusaccavasena vibhajituṃ <span class="bld">puna capara</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">idaṃ dukkhanti yathābhūtaṃ pajānātī</span>ti ṭhapetvā taṇhaṃ tebhūmakadhamme ‘‘idaṃ dukkha’’nti yathāsabhāvato pajānāti, tasseva kho pana dukkhassa janikaṃ samuṭṭhāpikaṃ purimataṇhaṃ ‘‘ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’’ti, ubhinnaṃ appavattinibbānaṃ ‘‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’’ti, dukkhaparijānanaṃ samudayapajahanaṃ nirodhasacchikaraṇaṃ ariyamaggaṃ ‘‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminipaṭipadā’’ti yathāsabhāvato pajānātīti attho. Avasesā ariyasaccakathā ṭhapetvā jātiādīnaṃ padabhājanakathaṃ visuddhimagge vitthāritāyeva.</p>
<p class="subhead">Dukkhasaccaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para388"></a><a name="para388_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">388</span>. Padabhājane <a name="V2.0348"></a> pana <span class="bld">katamā ca, bhikkhave, jātī</span>ti bhikkhave, yā jātipi dukkhāti evaṃ vuttā jāti, sā katamāti evaṃ sabbapucchāsu attho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Yā tesaṃ tesaṃ sattāna</span>nti idaṃ ‘‘imesaṃ nāmā’’ti niyamābhāvato sabbasattānaṃ pariyādānavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Tamhi tamhi sattanikāye</span>ti idampi sabbasattanikāyapariyādānavacanaṃ jananaṃ <span class="bld">jāti</span> savikārānaṃ paṭhamābhinibbattakkhandhānametaṃ adhivacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Sañjātī</span>ti idaṃ tassā eva upasaggamaṇḍitavevacanaṃ. Sā eva anupaviṭṭhākārena okkamanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">okkanti.</span> Nibbattisaṅkhātena abhinibbattanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">abhinibbatti.</span> Iti ayaṃ catubbidhāpi sammutikathā nāma<a name="P3.0798"></a>. <span class="bld">Khandhānaṃ pātubhāvo</span>ti ayaṃ pana paramatthakathā. Ekavokārabhavādīsu ekacatupañcabhedānaṃ khandhānaṃyeva pātubhāvo, na puggalassa, tasmiṃ pana sati puggalo pātubhūtoti vohāramattaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Āyatanānaṃ paṭilābho</span>ti āyatanāni pātubhavantāneva paṭiladdhāni nāma honti, so tesaṃ pātubhāvasaṅkhāto paṭilābhoti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para389"></a><a name="para389_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">389</span>. <span class="bld">Jarā</span>ti sabhāvaniddeso. <span class="bld">Jīraṇatā</span>ti ākārabhāvaniddeso. <span class="bld">Khaṇḍicca</span>ntiādi vikāraniddeso. Daharakālasmiñhi dantā samasetā honti. Teyeva paripaccante anukkamena vaṇṇavikāraṃ āpajjitvā tattha tattha pattanti. Atha patitañca ṭhitañca upādāya khaṇḍitadantā khaṇḍitā <a name="M2.0387"></a> nāma. Khaṇḍitānaṃ bhāvo <span class="bld">khaṇḍicca</span>nti vuccati. Anukkamena paṇḍarabhūtāni kesalomāni palitāni nāma. Palitāni sañjātāni assāti palito, palitassa bhāvo <span class="bld">pāliccaṃ.</span> Jarāvātappahārena sositamaṃsalohitatāya valiyo tacasmiṃ assāti valittaco, tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">valittacatā.</span> Ettāvatā dantakesalomatacesu vikāradassanavasena pākaṭībhūtā pākaṭajarā dassitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yatheva hi udakassa vā vātassa vā aggino vā tiṇarukkhādīnaṃ saṃbhaggapalibhaggatāya vā jhāmatāya vā gatamaggo pākaṭo hoti, na ca so gatamaggo tāneva udakādīni, evameva jarāya dantādīnaṃ khaṇḍiccādivasena gatamaggo pākaṭo, cakkhuṃ ummiletvāpi gayhati, na ca khaṇḍiccādīneva jarā. Na hi jarā cakkhuviññeyyā hoti. Yasmā pana jaraṃ pattassa āyu hāyati, tasmā jarā ‘‘āyuno saṃhānī’’ti phalūpacārena vuttā. Yasmā daharakāle suppasannāni sukhumampi attano visayaṃ sukheneva ca gaṇhanasamatthāni cakkhādīni indriyāni jaraṃ pattassa paripakkāni ālulitāni avisadāni oḷārikampi attano visayaṃ gahetuṃ asamatthāni honti, tasmā ‘‘indriyānaṃ paripāko’’tipi phalūpacāreneva vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para390"></a><a name="para390_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">390</span>. Maraṇaniddese <a name="V2.0349"></a> <span class="bld">ya</span>nti maraṇaṃ sandhāya napuṃsakaniddeso, yaṃ maraṇaṃ cutīti vuccati, cavanatāti vuccatīti ayamettha yojanā. Tattha <span class="bld">cutī</span>ti sabhāvaniddeso. <span class="bld">Cavanatā</span>ti ākārabhāvaniddeso. Maraṇaṃ pattassa khandhā bhijjanti ceva antaradhāyanti ca adassanaṃ gacchanti, tasmā taṃ <span class="bld">bhedo antaradhāna</span>nti vuccati. <span class="bld">Maccumaraṇa</span>nti maccumaraṇaṃ, na khaṇikamaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Kālakiriyā</span>ti maraṇakālakiriyā. Ayaṃ sabbāpi sammutikathāva. <span class="bld">Khandhānaṃ bhedo</span>ti ayaṃ pana paramatthakathā. Ekavokārabhavādīsu ekacatupañcabhedānaṃ khandhānaṃyeva bhedo, na <a name="P3.0799"></a> puggalassa, tasmiṃ pana sati puggalo matoti vohāramattaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kaḷevarassa nikkhepo</span>ti attabhāvassa nikkhepo. Maraṇaṃ pattassa hi niratthaṃva kaliṅgaraṃ attabhāvo patati, tasmā taṃ kaḷevarassa nikkhepoti vuttaṃ. Jīvitindriyassa upacchedo pana sabbākārato paramatthato maraṇaṃ. Etadeva <a name="M2.0388"></a> sammutimaraṇanti pi vuccati. Jīvitindriyupacchedameva hi gahetvā lokiyā ‘‘tisso mato, phusso mato’’ti vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para391"></a><a name="para391_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">391</span>. <span class="bld">Byasanenā</span>ti ñātibyasanādīsu yena kenaci byasanena. <span class="bld">Dukkhadhammenā</span>ti vadhabandhādinā dukkhakāraṇena. <span class="bld">Phuṭṭhassā</span>ti ajjhotthaṭassa abhibhūtassa. <span class="bld">Soko</span>ti yo ñātibyasanādīsu vā vadhabandhanādīsu vā aññatarasmiṃ sati tena abhibhūtassa uppajjati socanalakkhaṇo soko. <span class="bld">Socitatta</span>nti socitabhāvo. Yasmā panesa abbhantare sosento parisosento uppajjati, tasmā <span class="bld">antosoko antoparisoko</span>ti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para392"></a><a name="para392_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">392</span>. ‘‘Mayhaṃ dhītā, mayhaṃ putto’’ti evaṃ ādissa ādissa devanti paridevanti etenāti <span class="bld">ādevo.</span> Taṃ taṃ vaṇṇaṃ parikittetvā devanti etenāti <span class="bld">paridevo.</span> Tato parā dve tasseva bhāvaniddesā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para393"></a><a name="para393_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">393</span>. <span class="bld">Kāyika</span>nti kāyapasādavatthukaṃ. Dukkhamanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">dukkhaṃ. Asāta</span>nti amadhuraṃ. <span class="bld">Kāyasamphassajaṃ dukkha</span>nti kāyasamphassato jātaṃ dukkhaṃ. <span class="bld">Asātaṃ vedayita</span>nti amadhuraṃ vedayitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para394"></a><a name="para394_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">394</span>. <span class="bld">Cetasika</span>nti cittasampayuttaṃ. Sesaṃ dukkhe vuttanayameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para395"></a><a name="para395_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">395</span>. <span class="bld">Āyāso</span>ti saṃsīdanavisīdanākārappatto cittakilamatho. Balavataraṃ āyāso <span class="bld">upāyāso.</span> Tato parā dve attattaniyābhāvadīpakā bhāvaniddesā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para398"></a><a name="para398_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">398</span>. <span class="bld">Jātidhammāna</span>nti <a name="V2.0350"></a> jātisabhāvānaṃ. <span class="bld">Icchā uppajjatī</span>ti taṇhā uppajjati. <span class="bld">Aho vatā</span>ti patthanā. <span class="bld">Na kho panetaṃ icchāyā</span>ti evaṃ jātiyā anāgamanaṃ vinā maggabhāvanaṃ na icchāya pattabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Idampī</span>ti etampi upari sesāni upādāya pikāro. <span class="bld">Yampiccha</span>nti yenapi dhammena alabbhaneyyavatthuṃ icchanto na labhati, taṃ alabbhaneyya vatthumhi icchanaṃ dukkhaṃ. Esa nayo sabbattha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para399"></a><a name="para399_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">399</span>. Khandhaniddese <a name="M2.0389"></a> rūpañca taṃ upādānakkhandho cāti <span class="bld">rūpupādānakkhandho</span> evaṃ sabbattha.</p>
<p class="subhead">Samudayasaccaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para400"></a><a name="para400_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">400</span>. <span class="bld">Yāyaṃ taṇhā</span>ti yā ayaṃ taṇhā. <span class="bld">Ponobbhavikā</span>ti punabbhavakaraṇaṃ punobbhavo, punobbhavo sīlaṃ assāti <span class="bld">ponobbhavikā.</span> Nandīrāgena saha gatāti <span class="bld">nandīrāgasahagatā.</span> Nandīrāgena saddhiṃ atthato ekattameva gatāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Tatratatrābhinandinī</span>ti <a name="P3.0800"></a> yatra yatra attabhāvo, tatra tatra abhinandinī. Rūpādīsu vā ārammaṇesu tatra tatra abhinandinī, rūpābhinandinī sadda, gandha, rasa, phoṭṭhabba, dhammābhinandinīti attho. <span class="bld">Seyyathida</span>nti nipāto. Tassa sā katamā ceti attho. Kāme taṇhā <span class="bld">kāmataṇhā,</span> pañcakāmaguṇikarāgassetaṃ nāmaṃ. Bhave taṇhā <span class="bld">bhavataṇhā,</span> bhavapatthanāvasena uppannassa sassatadiṭṭhisahagatassa rūpārūpabhavarāgassa ca jhānanikantiyā cetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Vibhave taṇhā <span class="bld">vibhavataṇhā,</span> ucchedadiṭṭhisahagatarāgassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni tassā taṇhāya vatthuṃ vitthārato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">sā kho panesā</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">uppajjatī</span>ti jāyati. <span class="bld">Nivisatī</span>ti punappunaṃ pavattivasena patiṭṭhahati. <span class="bld">Yaṃ loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpa</span>nti yaṃ lokasmiṃ piyasabhāvañceva madhurasabhāvañca. <span class="bld">Cakkhu loke</span>tiādīsu lokasmiñhi cakkhādīsu mamattena abhiniviṭṭhā sattā sampattiyaṃ patiṭṭhitā attano cakkhuṃ ādāsatalādīsu nimittaggahaṇānusārena vippasannaṃ pañcapasādaṃ suvaṇṇavimāne ugghāṭitamaṇisīhapañjaraṃ viya maññanti, sotaṃ rajatapanāḷikaṃ viya, pāmaṅgasuttaṃ viya ca maññanti, ‘‘tuṅganāsā’’ti laddhavohāraṃ ghānaṃ vaṭṭitvā ṭhapitaharitālavaṭṭaṃ viya maññanti, jivhaṃ rattakambalapaṭalaṃ viya mudusiniddhamadhurasadaṃ maññanti, kāyaṃ sālalaṭṭhiṃ viya, suvaṇṇatoraṇaṃ viya ca maññanti, manaṃ aññesaṃ manena asadisaṃ uḷāraṃ maññanti. Rūpaṃ suvaṇṇakaṇikārapupphādivaṇṇaṃ viya, saddaṃ mattakaravīka kokilamandadhamitamaṇivaṃsanigghosaṃ viya, attanā paṭiladdhāni catusamuṭṭhānikagandhārammaṇādīni <a name="V2.0351"></a> ‘‘kassaññassa evarūpāni atthī’’ti maññanti. Tesaṃ evaṃ maññamānānaṃ tāni cakkhādīni piyarūpāni ceva sātarūpāni ca honti. Atha nesaṃ tattha anuppannā ceva taṇhā uppajjati<a name="M2.0390"></a>, uppannā ca taṇhā punappunaṃ pavattivasena nivisati. Tasmā bhagavā ‘‘cakkhu loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjatī’’tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">uppajjamānā</span>ti yadā uppajjamānā hoti, tadā ettha uppajjatīti attho. Esa nayo sabbattha.</p>
<p class="subhead">Nirodhasaccaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para401"></a><a name="para401_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">401</span>. <span class="bld">Asesavirāganirodho</span>tiādīni sabbāni nibbānavevacanāneva. Nibbānañhi āgamma taṇhā asesā virajjati nirujjhati, tasmā taṃ ‘‘tassāyeva taṇhāya asesavirāganirodho’’ti vuccati. Nibbānañca āgamma taṇhā cajiyati paṭinissajjiyati vimuccati na <a name="P3.0801"></a> allīyati, tasmā nibbānaṃ ‘‘cāgo paṭinissaggo mutti anālayo’’ti vuccati. Ekameva hi nibbānaṃ, nāmāni panassa sabbasaṅkhatānaṃ nāmapaṭipakkhavasena anekāni honti. Seyyathidaṃ, asesavirāgo asesanirodho cāgo paṭinissaggo mutti anālayo rāgakkhayo dosakkhayo mohakkhayo taṇhakkhayo anuppādo appavattaṃ animittaṃ appaṇihitaṃ anāyūhanaṃ appaṭisandhi anupapatti agati ajātaṃ ajaraṃ abyādhi amataṃ asokaṃ aparidevaṃ anupāyāsaṃ asaṃkiliṭṭhanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni maggena chinnāya nibbānaṃ āgamma appavattipattāyapi ca taṇhāya yesu vatthūsu tassā uppatti dassitā, tattheva abhāvaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">sā kho panesā</span>tiādimāha. Tattha yathā puriso khette jātaṃ tittaalābuvalliṃ disvā aggato paṭṭhāya mūlaṃ pariyesitvā chindeyya, sā anupubbena milāyitvā apaññattiṃ gaccheyya. Tato tasmiṃ khette tittaalābu niruddhā pahīnāti vucceyya, evameva khette tittaalābu viya cakkhādīsu taṇhā. Sā ariyamaggena mūlacchinnā nibbānaṃ āgamma appavattiṃ gacchati. Evaṃ gatā pana tesu vatthūsu khette tittaalābu viya na paññāyati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā ca aṭavito core ānetvā nagarassa dakkhiṇadvāre ghāteyyuṃ, tato aṭaviyaṃ corā matāti vā māritāti vā vucceyyuṃ, evaṃ aṭaviyaṃ corā viya cakkhādīsu taṇhā. Sā dakkhiṇadvāre corā viya nibbānaṃ āgamma niruddhattā nibbāne niruddhā. Evaṃ niruddhā panetesu <a name="V2.0352"></a> vatthūsu aṭaviyaṃ corā viya na paññāyati, tenassā tattheva nirodhaṃ dassento <a name="M2.0391"></a> ‘‘cakkhu loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhatī’’tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="subhead">Maggasaccaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para402"></a><a name="para402_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">402</span>. <span class="bld">Ayamevā</span>ti aññamaggapaṭikkhepanatthaṃ niyamanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ariyo</span>ti taṃ taṃ maggavajjhehi kilesehi ārakattā ariyabhāvakarattā ca ariyo. <span class="bld">Dukkhe ñāṇa</span>ntiādinā catusaccakammaṭṭhānaṃ dassitaṃ. Tattha purimāni dve saccāni vaṭṭaṃ, pacchimāni vivaṭṭaṃ. Tesu bhikkhuno vaṭṭe kammaṭṭhānābhiniveso hoti, vivaṭṭe natthi abhiniveso. Purimāni hi dve saccāni ‘‘pañcakkhandhā dukkhaṃ, taṇhā samudayo’’ti evaṃ saṅkhepena ca ‘‘katame pañcakkhandhā, rūpakkhandho’’tiādinā nayena vitthārena ca ācariyassa santike uggaṇhitvā vācāya punappunaṃ parivattento yogāvacaro kammaṃ karoti. Itaresu pana dvīsu saccesu nirodhasaccaṃ iṭṭhaṃ kantaṃ manāpaṃ, maggasaccaṃ iṭṭhaṃ kantaṃ manāpanti evaṃ savanena kammaṃ <a name="P3.0802"></a> karoti. So evaṃ karonto cattāri saccāni ekapaṭivedheneva paṭivijjhati ekābhisamayena abhisameti. Dukkhaṃ pariññāpaṭivedhena paṭivijjhati, samudayaṃ pahānapaṭivedhena, nirodhaṃ sacchikiriyāpaṭivedhena, maggaṃ bhāvanāpaṭivedhena paṭivijjhati. Dukkhaṃ pariññābhisamayena…pe… maggaṃ bhāvanābhisamayena abhisameti. Evamassa pubbabhāge dvīsu saccesu uggahaparipucchāsavanadhāraṇasammasanapaṭivedho hoti, dvīsu pana savanapaṭivedhoyeva. Aparabhāge tīsu kiccato paṭivedho hoti, nirodhe ārammaṇapaṭivedho. Paccavekkhaṇā pana pattasaccassa hoti. Ayañca ādikammiko, tasmā sā idha na vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Imassa ca bhikkhuno pubbe pariggahato ‘‘dukkhaṃ parijānāmi, samudayaṃ pajahāmi, nirodhaṃ sacchikaromi, maggaṃ bhāvemī’’ti ābhogasamannāhāramanasikārapaccavekkhaṇā natthi, pariggahato paṭṭhāya hoti. Aparabhāge pana dukkhaṃ pariññātameva…pe… maggo bhāvitova hoti. Tattha dve saccāni duddasattā gambhīrāni, dve gambhīrattā duddasāni. Dukkhasaccañhi uppattito pākaṭaṃ, khāṇukaṇṭakapahārādīsu ‘‘aho dukkha’’nti vattabbatampi āpajjati. Samudayampi khāditukāmatābhuñjitukāmatādivasena uppattito pākaṭaṃ. Lakkhaṇapaṭivedhato pana ubhayampi gambhīraṃ. Iti tāni duddasattā gambhīrāni. Itaresaṃ pana dvinnaṃ dassanatthāya payogo bhavaggagahaṇatthaṃ hatthappasāraṇaṃ <a name="M2.0392"></a> viya avīciphusanatthaṃ pādappasāraṇaṃ viya satadhā bhinnassa vālassa koṭiyā <a name="V2.0353"></a> koṭipādanaṃ viya ca hoti. Iti tāni gambhīrattā duddasāni. Evaṃ duddasattā gambhīresu gambhīrattā ca duddasesu catūsu saccesu uggahādivasena pubbabhāgañāṇuppattiṃ sandhāya idaṃ <span class="bld">dukkhe ñāṇa</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Paṭivedhakkhaṇe pana ekameva taṃ ñāṇaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nekkhammasaṅkappādayo kāmabyāpādavihiṃsāviramaṇasaññānaṃ nānattā pubbabhāge nānā, maggakkhaṇe pana imesu tīsu ṭhānesu uppannassa akusalasaṅkappassa padapacchedato anuppattisādhanavasena maggaṅgaṃ pūrayamāno ekova kusalasaṅkappo uppajjati. Ayaṃ <span class="bld">sammāsaṅkappo</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Musāvādāveramaṇiādayopi musāvādādīhi viramaṇasaññānaṃ nānattā pubbabhāge nānā, maggakkhaṇe pana imesu catūsu ṭhānesu uppannāya akusaladussīlyacetanāya padapacchedato anuppattisādhanavasena maggaṅgaṃ pūrayamānā ekāva kusalaveramaṇī uppajjati. Ayaṃ <span class="bld">sammāvācā</span> nāma<a name="P3.0803"></a>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pāṇātipātāveramaṇiādayopi pāṇātipātādīhi viramaṇasaññānaṃ nānattā pubbabhāge nānā, maggakkhaṇe pana imesu tīsu ṭhānesu uppannāya akusaladussīlyacetanāya akiriyato padapacchedato anuppattisādhanavasena maggaṅgaṃ pūrayamānā ekāva kusalaveramaṇī uppajjati, ayaṃ <span class="bld">sammākammanto</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Micchāājīva</span>nti khādanīyabhojanīyādīnaṃ atthāya pavattitaṃ kāyavacīduccaritaṃ. <span class="bld">Pahāyā</span>ti vajjetvā. <span class="bld">Sammāājīvenā</span>ti buddhapasatthena ājīvena. <span class="bld">Jīvitaṃ kappetī</span>ti jīvitappavattiṃ pavatteti. Sammāājīvopi kuhanādīhi viramaṇasaññānaṃ nānattā pubbabhāge nānā, maggakkhaṇe pana imesuyeva sattasu ṭhānesu uppannāya micchājīvadussīlyacetanāya padapacchedato anuppattisādhanavasena maggaṅgaṃ pūrayamānā ekāva kusalaveramaṇī uppajjati, ayaṃ <span class="bld">sammāājīvo</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anuppannāna</span>nti ekasmiṃ vā bhave tathārūpe vā ārammaṇe attano na uppannānaṃ. Parassa pana uppajjamāne disvā ‘‘aho vata me evarūpā pāpakā akusaladhammā na uppajjeyyu’’nti evaṃ anuppannānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ <a name="M2.0393"></a> dhammānaṃ anuppādāya. <span class="bld">Chandaṃ janetī</span>ti tesaṃ anuppādakapaṭipattisādhakaṃ vīriyachandaṃ janeti. <span class="bld">Vāyamatī</span>ti vāyāmaṃ karoti. <span class="bld">Vīriyaṃ ārabhatī</span>ti <a name="V2.0354"></a> vīriyaṃ pavatteti. <span class="bld">Cittaṃ paggaṇhātī</span>ti vīriyena cittaṃ paggahitaṃ karoti. <span class="bld">Padahatī</span>ti kāmaṃ taco ca nhāru ca aṭṭhi ca avasissatūti padahanaṃ pavatteti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uppannāna</span>nti samudācāravasena attano uppannapubbānaṃ. Idāni tādise na uppādessāmīti tesaṃ pahānāya chandaṃ janeti. <span class="bld">Anuppannānaṃ kusalāna</span>nti appaṭiladdhānaṃ paṭhamajjhānādīnaṃ. <span class="bld">Uppannāna</span>nti tesaṃyeva paṭiladdhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Ṭhitiyā</span>ti punappunaṃ uppattipabandhavasena ṭhitatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Asammosāyā</span>ti avināsanatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhiyyobhāvāyā</span>ti uparibhāvāya. <span class="bld">Vepullāyā</span>ti vipulabhāvāya. <span class="bld">Bhāvanāya pāripūriyā</span>ti bhāvanāya paripūraṇatthaṃ. Ayampi sammāvāyāmo anuppannānaṃ akusalānaṃ anuppādanādicittānaṃ nānattā pubbabhāge nānā, maggakkhaṇe pana imesuyeva catūsu ṭhānesu kiccasādhanavasena maggaṅgaṃ pūrayamānaṃ ekameva kusalavīriyaṃ uppajjati. Ayaṃ <span class="bld">sammāvāyāmo</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sammāsatipi kāyādipariggāhakacittānaṃ nānattā pubbabhāge nānā, maggakkhaṇe pana catūsu ṭhānesu kiccasādhanavasena maggaṅgaṃ pūrayamānā ekāva sati uppajjati. Ayaṃ <span class="bld">sammāsati</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Jhānāni pubbabhāgepi maggakkhaṇepi <a name="P3.0804"></a> nānā, pubbabhāge samāpattivasena nānā, maggakkhaṇe nānāmaggavasena. Ekassa hi paṭhamamaggo paṭhamajjhāniko hoti, dutiyamaggādayopi paṭhamajjhānikā vā dutiyajjhānādīsu aññatarajhānikā vā. Ekassapi paṭhamamaggo dutiyādīnaṃ aññatarajhāniko hoti, dutiyādayopi dutiyādīnaṃ aññatarajjhānikā vā paṭhamajjhānikā vā. Evaṃ cattāropi maggā jhānavasena sadisā vā asadisā vā ekaccasadisā vā honti. Ayaṃ panassa viseso pādakajjhānaniyamena hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pādakajjhānaniyamena tāva paṭhamajjhānalābhino paṭhamajjhānā vuṭṭhāya vipassantassa uppanno maggo paṭhamajjhāniko hoti. Maggaṅgabojjhaṅgāni panettha paripuṇṇāneva honti. Dutiyajjhānato vuṭṭhāya vipassantassa uppanno dutiyajjhāniko hoti. Maggaṅgāni panettha satta honti. Tatiyajjhānato vuṭṭhāya vipassantassa uppanno tatiyajjhāniko. Maggaṅgāni panettha satta<a name="M2.0394"></a>, bojjhaṅgāni cha honti. Esa nayo catutthajjhānato vuṭṭhāya yāva nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Āruppe <a name="V2.0355"></a> catukkapañcakajjhānaṃ uppajjati, tañca lokuttaraṃ, no lokiyanti vuttaṃ, ettha kathanti? Etthāpi paṭhamajjhānādīsu yato vuṭṭhāya sotāpattimaggaṃ paṭilabhitvā arūpasamāpattiṃ bhāvetvā so āruppe uppanno, taṃ jhānikāvassa tattha tayo maggā uppajjanti. Evaṃ pādakajjhānameva niyameti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Keci pana therā ‘‘vipassanāya ārammaṇabhūtā khandhā niyamentī’’ti vadanti. Keci ‘‘puggalajjhāsayo niyametī’’ti vadanti. Keci ‘‘vuṭṭhānagāminivipassanā niyametī’’ti vadanti. Tesaṃ vādavinicchayo visuddhimagge vuṭṭhānagāminivipassanādhikāre vuttanayeneva veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, sammāsamādhī</span>ti ayaṃ pubbabhāge lokiyo aparabhāge lokuttaro sammāsamādhīti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Iti ajjhattaṃ vā</span>ti evaṃ attano vā cattāri saccāni pariggaṇhitvā, parassa vā, kālena vā attano, kālena vā parassa cattāri saccāni pariggaṇhitvā dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati. Samudayavayā panettha catunnaṃ saccānaṃ yathāsambhāvato uppattinivattivasena veditabbā. Ito paraṃ vuttanayameva. Kevalañhi idha catusaccapariggāhikā sati dukkhasaccanti evaṃ <a name="P3.0805"></a> yojanaṃ katvā saccapariggāhakassa bhikkhuno niyyānamukhaṃ veditabbaṃ, sesaṃ tādisamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Catusaccapabbaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para404"></a><a name="para404_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">404</span>. Ettāvatā ānāpānapabbaṃ catuiriyāpathapabbaṃ catusampajaññapabbaṃ dvattiṃsākāraṃ catudhātuvavatthānaṃ navasivathikā vedanānupassanā cittānupassanā nīvaraṇapariggaho khandhapariggaho āyatanapariggaho bojjhaṅgapariggaho saccapariggahoti ekavīsati kammaṭṭhānāni. Tesu ānāpānaṃ dvattiṃsākāraṃ navasivathikāti ekādasa appanākammaṭṭhānāni honti. Dīghabhāṇakamahāsīvatthero pana ‘‘navasivathikā ādīnavānupassanāvasena vuttā’’ti āha. Tasmā tassa matena dveyeva appanākammaṭṭhānāni, sesāni upacārakammaṭṭhānāni. Kiṃ panetesu sabbesu abhiniveso <a name="M2.0395"></a> jāyatīti? Na jāyati. Iriyāpathasampajaññanīvaraṇabojjhaṅgesu hi abhiniveso na jāyati, sesesu jāyatīti. <span class="bld">Mahāsīvatthero</span> panāha ‘‘etesupi abhiniveso jāyati. Ayañhi ‘atthi nu kho me cattāro iriyāpathā udāhu natthi, atthi nu kho me catusampajaññaṃ udāhu <a name="V2.0356"></a> natthi, atthi nu kho me pañcanīvaraṇā udāhu natthi, atthi nu kho me sattabojjhaṅgā udāhu natthī’ti evaṃ pariggaṇhāti. Tasmā sabbattha abhiniveso jāyatī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yo hi koci, bhikkhave</span>ti yo hi koci, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vā bhikkhunī vā upāsako vā upāsikā vā. <span class="bld">Evaṃ bhāveyyā</span>tiādito paṭṭhāya vuttena bhāvanānukkamena bhāveyya. <span class="bld">Pāṭikaṅkha</span>nti paṭikaṅkhitabbaṃ icchitabbaṃ avassaṃbhāvīti attho. <span class="bld">Aññā</span>ti arahattaṃ. <span class="bld">Sati vā upādisese</span>ti upādānasese vā sati aparikkhīṇe. <span class="bld">Anāgāmitā</span>ti anāgāmibhāvo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ sattannaṃ vassānaṃ vasena sāsanassa niyyānikabhāvaṃ dassetvā puna tato appatarepi kāle dassento <span class="bld">tiṭṭhantu, bhikkhave</span>tiādimāha. Sabbampi cetaṃ majjhimassa veneyyapuggalassa vasena vuttaṃ, tikkhapaññaṃ pana sandhāya ‘‘pātova anusiṭṭho sāyaṃ visesaṃ adhigamissati, sāyaṃ <a name="P3.0806"></a> anusiṭṭho pāto visesaṃ adhigamissatī’’ti vuttaṃ. Iti bhagavā ‘‘evaṃ niyyānikaṃ, bhikkhave, mama sāsana’’nti dassetvā ekavīsatiyāpi ṭhānesu arahattanikūṭena desitaṃ desanaṃ niyyātento ‘‘ekāyano ayaṃ, bhikkhave, maggo…pe… iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ, idametaṃ paṭicca vutta’’nti āha. Sesaṃ uttānatthamevāti. Desanāpariyosāne pana tiṃsa bhikkhusahassāni arahatte patiṭṭhahiṃsūti.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti sumaṅgalavilāsiniyā dīghanikāyaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</p>
<p class="centered">Mahāsatipaṭṭhānasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter"><a name="dn2_10"></a>10. Pāyāsirājaññasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para406"></a><a name="para406_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">406</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V2.0357"></a><a name="P3.0807"></a><a name="M2.0396"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti pāyāsirājaññasuttaṃ. Tatrāyamapubbapadavaṇṇanā – <span class="bld">āyasmā</span>ti piyavacanametaṃ. <span class="bld">Kumārakassapo</span>ti tassa nāmaṃ. Kumārakāle pabbajitattā pana bhagavatā ‘‘kassapaṃ pakkosatha, idaṃ phalaṃ vā khādanīyaṃ vā kassapassa dethā’’ti vutte ‘‘katarakassapassā’’ti. ‘‘Kumārakassapassā’’ti evaṃ gahitanāmattā tato paṭṭhāya vuḍḍhakālepi ‘‘kumārakassapo’’ tveva vuccati. Apica rañño posāvanikaputtattāpi taṃ kumārakassapoti sañjāniṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ayaṃ panassa pubbayogato paṭṭhāya āvibhāvakathā – thero kira padumuttarassa bhagavato kāle seṭṭhiputto ahosi. Athekadivasaṃ bhagavantaṃ citrakathiṃ ekaṃ attano sāvakaṃ etadagge ṭhapentaṃ disvā bhagavato sattāhaṃ dānaṃ datvā ‘‘ahampi bhagavā anāgate ekassa buddhassa ayaṃ thero viya citrakathī sāvako bhavāmī’’ti patthanaṃ katvā puññāni karonto kassapassa bhagavato sāsane pabbajitvā visesaṃ nibbattetuṃ nāsakkhi. Tadā kira parinibbutassa bhagavato sāsane osakkante pañca bhikkhū nisseṇiṃ bandhitvā pabbataṃ āruyha samaṇadhammaṃ akaṃsu. Saṅghatthero tatiyadivase arahattaṃ patto, anuthero catutthadivase anāgāmī ahosi, itare tayo visesaṃ nibbattetuṃ asakkontā devaloke nibbattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tesaṃ ekaṃ buddhantaraṃ devesu ca manussesu ca sampattiṃ anubhavantānaṃ eko takkasilāyaṃ rājakule nibbattitvā pakkusāti nāma rājā hutvā bhagavantaṃ uddissa pabbajitvā rājagahaṃ uddissa āgacchanto kumbhakārasālāyaṃ bhagavato dhammadesanaṃ sutvā anāgāmiphalaṃ patto. Eko <a name="P3.0808"></a> ekasmiṃ samuddapaṭṭane kulaghare nibbattitvā nāvaṃ āruyha bhinnanāvo dārucīrāni nivāsetvā lābhasampattiṃ patto ‘‘ahaṃ arahā’’ti cittaṃ uppādetvā ‘‘na tvaṃ arahā, gaccha, satthāraṃ upasaṅkamitvā pañhaṃ pucchā’’ti atthakāmāya devatāya codito tathā katvā arahattaphalaṃ patto.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Eko <a name="V2.0358"></a> rājagahe ekissā kuladārikāya kucchimhi uppanno. Sā ca paṭhamaṃ mātāpitaro yācitvā pabbajjaṃ alabhamānā kulagharaṃ gantvā gabbhaṃ gaṇhi<a name="M2.0397"></a>. Gabbhasaṇṭhitampi ajānanti sāmikaṃ ārādhetvā tena anuññātā bhikkhunīsu pabbajitā, tassā gabbhanimittaṃ disvā bhikkhuniyo devadattaṃ pucchiṃsu. So ‘‘assamaṇī’’ti āha. Dasabalaṃ pucchiṃsu. Satthā upālittheraṃ sampaṭicchāpesi. Thero sāvatthinagaravāsīni kulāni visākhañca upāsikaṃ pakkosāpetvā sodhento ‘‘pure laddho gabbho, pabbajjā arogā’’ti āha. Satthā ‘‘suvinicchitaṃ adhikaraṇa’’nti therassa sādhukāramadāsi. Sā bhikkhunī suvaṇṇabimbasadisaṃ puttaṃ vijāyi. Taṃ gahetvā rājā pasenadi kosalo posāpesi. ‘‘Kassapo’’ti cassa nāmaṃ katvā aparabhāge alaṅkaritvā satthu santikaṃ netvā pabbājesi. Iti naṃ rañño posāvanikaputtattāpi ‘‘kumārakassapo’’ti sañjāniṃsūti. Taṃ ekadivasaṃ andhavane samaṇadhammaṃ karontaṃ atthakāmā devatā pañhe uggahāpetvā ‘‘ime pañhe bhagavantaṃ pucchā’’ti āha. Thero pañhe pucchitvā pañhavissajjanāvasāne arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Bhagavāpi taṃ citrakathikānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ aggaṭṭhāne ṭhapesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Setabyā</span>ti tassa nagarassa nāmaṃ. <span class="bld">Uttarena setabya</span>nti setabyato uttaradisāya. <span class="bld">Rājañño</span>ti anabhisittakarājā. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhigata</span>nti diṭṭhiyeva. Yathā gūthagataṃ muttagatanti vutte na gūthādito aññaṃ atthi, evaṃ diṭṭhiyeva diṭṭhigataṃ. <span class="bld">Itipi natthī</span>ti taṃ taṃ kāraṇaṃ apadisitvā evampi natthīti vadati. <span class="bld">Purā…pe… saññāpetī</span>ti yāva na saññāpeti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Candimasūriyaupamāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para411"></a><a name="para411_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">411</span>. <span class="bld">Ime bho, kassapa, candimasūriyā</span>ti so kira therena pucchito cintesi ‘‘ayaṃ samaṇo paṭhamaṃ candimasūriye upamaṃ āhari, candimasūriyasadiso bhavissati paññāya, anabhibhavanīyo <a name="P3.0809"></a> aññena, sace panāhaṃ ‘candimasūriyā imasmiṃ loke’ti bhaṇissāmi, ‘kiṃ nissitā ete, kittakapamāṇā, kittakaṃ uccā’tiādīhi paliveṭhessati. Ahaṃ kho panetaṃ nibbeṭhetuṃ na sakkhissāmi, ‘parasmiṃ loke’ iccevassa kathessāmī’’ti. Tasmā evamāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bhagavā <a name="M2.0398"></a> pana tato pubbe na cirasseva <span class="bld">sudhābhojanīyajātakaṃ</span> kathesi. Tattha ‘‘cande cando devaputto, sūriye sūriyo devaputto’’ti āgataṃ. Bhagavatā ca kathitaṃ jātakaṃ vā suttantaṃ vā sakalajambudīpe <a name="V2.0359"></a> patthaṭaṃ hoti, tena so ‘‘ettha nivāsino devaputtā natthī’’ti na sakkā vattunti cintetvā <span class="bld">devā te na manussā</span>ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para412"></a><a name="para412_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">412</span>. <span class="bld">Atthi pana, rājañña, pariyāyo</span>ti atthi pana kāraṇanti pucchati. <span class="bld">Ābādhikā</span>ti visabhāgavedanāsaṅkhātena ābādhena samannāgatā. <span class="bld">Dukkhitā</span>ti dukkhappattā. <span class="bld">Bāḷhagilānā</span>ti adhimattagilānā. <span class="bld">Saddhāyikā</span>ti ahaṃ tumhe saddahāmi, tumhe mayhaṃ saddhāyikā saddhāyitabbavacanāti attho. <span class="bld">Paccayikā</span>ti ahaṃ tumhe pattiyāmi, tumhe mayhaṃ paccayikā pattiyāyitabbāti attho.</p>
<p class="subhead">Corādiupamāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para413"></a><a name="para413_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">413</span>. <span class="bld">Uddisitvā</span>ti tesaṃ attānañca paṭisāmitabhaṇḍakañca dassetvā, sampaṭicchāpetvāti attho. <span class="bld">Vippalapantassā</span>ti ‘‘putto me, dhītā me, dhanaṃ me’’ti vividhaṃ palapantassa. <span class="bld">Nirayapālesū</span>ti niraye kammakāraṇikasattesu. Ye pana ‘‘kammameva kammakāraṇaṃ karoti, natthi nirayapālā’’ti vadanti. Te ‘‘tamenaṃ, bhikkhave, nirayapālā’’ti devadūtasuttaṃ paṭibāhanti. Manussaloke rājakulesu kāraṇikamanussā viya hi niraye nirayapālā honti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para415"></a><a name="para415_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">415</span>. <span class="bld">Veḷupesikāhī</span>ti veḷuvilīvehi. <span class="bld">Sunimmajjathā</span>ti yathā suṭṭhu nimmajjitaṃ hoti, evaṃ nimmajjatha, apanethāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Asucī</span>ti amanāpo. <span class="bld">Asucisaṅkhāto</span>ti asucikoṭṭhāsabhūto asucīti ñāto vā. <span class="bld">Duggandho</span>ti <a name="P3.0810"></a> kuṇapagandho. <span class="bld">Jeguccho</span>ti jigucchitabbayutto. <span class="bld">Paṭikūlo</span>ti dassaneneva paṭighāvaho. <span class="bld">Ubbādhatī</span>ti divasassa dvikkhattuṃ nhatvā tikkhattuṃ vatthāni parivattetvā alaṅkatapaṭimaṇḍitānaṃ cakkavattiādīnampi manussānaṃ gandho yojanasate ṭhitānaṃ devatānaṃ kaṇṭhe āsattakuṇapaṃ viya bādhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para416"></a><a name="para416_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">416</span>. Puna <a name="M2.0399"></a> pāṇātipātādipañcasīlāni samādāyavattentānaṃ vasena vadati. <span class="bld">Tāvatiṃsāna</span>nti idañca dūre nibbattā tāva mā āgacchantu, ime kasmā na entīti vadati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para418"></a><a name="para418_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">418</span>. <span class="bld">Jaccandhūpamo</span> <a name="V2.0360"></a> <span class="bld">maññe paṭibhāsī</span>ti jaccandho viya upaṭṭhāsi. <span class="bld">Araññavanapatthānī</span>ti araññakaṅgayuttatāya araññāni, mahāvanasaṇḍatāya vanapatthāni. <span class="bld">Pantānī</span>ti dūrāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para419"></a><a name="para419_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">419</span>. <span class="bld">Kalyāṇadhamme</span>ti teneva sīlena sundaradhamme. <span class="bld">Dukkhapaṭikūle</span>ti dukkhaṃ apatthente. <span class="bld">Seyyo bhavissatī</span>ti paraloke sugatisukhaṃ bhavissatīti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para420"></a><a name="para420_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">420</span>. <span class="bld">Upavijaññā</span>ti upagatavijāyanakālā, paripakkagabbhā na cirasseva vijāyissatīti attho. <span class="bld">Opabhoggā bhavissatī</span>ti pādaparicārikā bhavissati. <span class="bld">Anayabyasana</span>nti mahādukkhaṃ. Ayoti sukhaṃ, na ayo anayo, dukkhaṃ. Tadetaṃ sabbaso sukhaṃ byasati vikkhipatīti byasanaṃ. Iti anayova byasanaṃ <span class="bld">anayabyasanaṃ,</span> mahādukkhanti attho. <span class="bld">Ayoniso</span>ti anupāyena. <span class="bld">Apakkaṃ na paripācentī</span>ti apariṇataṃ akhīṇaṃ āyuṃ antarāva na upacchindanti. <span class="bld">Paripākaṃ āgamentī</span>ti āyuparipākakālaṃ āgamenti. Dhammasenāpatināpetaṃ vuttaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Nābhinandāmi maraṇaṃ, nābhinandāmi jīvitaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Kālañca paṭikaṅkhāmi, nibbisaṃ bhatako yathāti. (theragā. 1001)</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para421"></a><a name="para421_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">421</span>. <span class="bld">Ubbhinditvā</span>ti mattikālepaṃ bhinditvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para422"></a><a name="para422_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">422</span>. <span class="bld">Rāmaṇeyyaka</span>nti <a name="P3.0811"></a> ramaṇīyabhāvaṃ. <span class="bld">Velāsikā</span>ti khiḍḍāparādhikā. <span class="bld">Komārikā</span>ti taruṇadārikā. <span class="bld">Tuyhaṃ jīva</span>nti supinadassanakāle nikkhamantaṃ vā pavisantaṃ vā jīvaṃ api nu passanti. Idha cittācāraṃ ‘‘jīva’’nti gahetvā āha. So hi tattha jīvasaññīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para423"></a><a name="para423_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">423</span>. <span class="bld">Jiyāyā</span>ti dhanujiyāya, gīvaṃ veṭhetvāti attho. <span class="bld">Patthinnataro</span>ti thaddhataro. Iminā kiṃ dasseti? Tumhe jīvakāle sattassa pañcakkhandhāti <a name="M2.0400"></a> vadanti, cavanakāle pana rūpakkhandhamattameva avasissati, tayo khandhā appavattā honti, viññāṇakkhandho gacchati. Avasiṭṭhena rūpakkhandhena lahutarena bhavitabbaṃ, garukataro ca hoti. Tasmā natthi koci kuhiṃ gantāti imamatthaṃ dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para424"></a><a name="para424_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">424</span>. <span class="bld">Nibbuta</span>nti vūpasantatejaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para425"></a><a name="para425_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">425</span>. <span class="bld">Anupahaccā</span>ti <a name="V2.0361"></a> avināsetvā. <span class="bld">Āmato hotī</span>ti addhamato marituṃ āraddho hoti. <span class="bld">Odhunāthā</span>ti orato karotha. <span class="bld">Sandhunāthā</span>ti parato karotha. <span class="bld">Niddhunāthā</span>ti aparāparaṃ karotha. <span class="bld">Tañcāyatanaṃ na paṭisaṃvedetī</span>ti tena cakkhunā taṃ rūpāyatanaṃ na vibhāveti. Esa nayo sabbattha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para426"></a><a name="para426_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">426</span>. <span class="bld">Saṅkhadhamo</span>ti saṅkhadhamako. <span class="bld">Upalāpetvā</span>ti dhamitvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para428"></a><a name="para428_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">428</span>. <span class="bld">Aggiko</span>ti aggiparicārako. <span class="bld">Āpādeyya</span>nti nipphādeyyaṃ, āyuṃ vā pāpuṇāpeyyaṃ. <span class="bld">Poseyya</span>nti bhojanādīhi bhareyyaṃ. <span class="bld">Vaḍḍheyya</span>nti vaḍḍhiṃ gameyyaṃ. <span class="bld">Araṇīsahita</span>nti araṇīyugaḷaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para429"></a><a name="para429_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">429</span>. <span class="bld">Tirorājānopī</span>ti tiroraṭṭhe aññasmimpi janapade rājāno jānanti. <span class="bld">Abyatto</span>ti avisado acheko. <span class="bld">Kopenapī</span>ti ye maṃ evaṃ vakkhanti, tesu uppajjanakena kopenapi etaṃ diṭṭhigataṃ harissāmi pariharissāmīti gahetvā vicarissāmi. <span class="bld">Makkhenā</span>ti tayā vuttayuttakāraṇamakkhalakkhaṇena makkhenāpi. <span class="bld">Palāsenā</span>ti tayā saddhiṃ yugaggāhalakkhaṇena palāsenāpi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para430"></a><a name="para430_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">430</span>. <span class="bld">Haritakapaṇṇa</span>nti <a name="P3.0812"></a> yaṃ kiñci haritakaṃ, antamaso allatiṇapaṇṇampi na hotīti attho. <span class="bld">Sannaddhakalāpa</span>nti sannaddhadhanukalāpaṃ. <span class="bld">Āsittodakāni vaṭumānī</span>ti paripuṇṇasalilā maggā ca kandarā ca. <span class="bld">Yoggānī</span>ti balibadde.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bahunikkhantaroti <span class="bld">bahunikkhanto</span> ciranikkhantoti attho. <span class="bld">Yathābhatena bhaṇḍenā</span>ti yaṃ vo tiṇakaṭṭhodakabhaṇḍakaṃ āropitaṃ, tena yathābhatena yathāropitena, yathāgahitenāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Appasārānī</span>ti appagghāni. <span class="bld">Paṇiyānī</span>ti bhaṇḍāni.</p>
<p class="subhead">Gūthabhārikādiupamāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para432"></a><a name="para432_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">432</span>. <span class="bld">Mama</span> <a name="M2.0401"></a> <span class="bld">ca sūkarabhatta</span>nti mama ca sūkarānaṃ idaṃ bhattaṃ. <span class="bld">Uggharanta</span>nti upari gharantaṃ. <span class="bld">Paggharanta</span>nti <a name="V2.0362"></a> heṭṭhā parissavantaṃ. <span class="bld">Tumhe khvettha bhaṇe</span>ti tumhe kho ettha bhaṇe. Ayameva vā pāṭho. <span class="bld">Tathā hi pana me sūkarabhatta</span>nti tathā hi pana me ayaṃ gūtho sūkarānaṃ bhattaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para434"></a><a name="para434_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">434</span>. <span class="bld">Āgatāgataṃ kaliṃ gilatī</span>ti āgatāgataṃ parājayaguḷaṃ gilati. <span class="bld">Pajjohissāmī</span>ti pajjohanaṃ karissāmi, balikammaṃ karissāmīti attho. <span class="bld">Akkhehi dibbissāmā</span>ti guḷehi kīḷissāma. <span class="bld">Littaṃ paramena tejasā</span>ti paramatejena visena littaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para436"></a><a name="para436_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">436</span>. <span class="bld">Gāmapaṭṭa</span>nti vuṭṭhitagāmapadeso vuccati. ‘‘Gāmapada’’ntipi pāṭho, ayamevattho. <span class="bld">Sāṇabhāra</span>nti sāṇavākabhāraṃ. <span class="bld">Susannaddho</span>ti subaddho. <span class="bld">Tvaṃ pajānāhī</span>ti tvaṃ jāna. Sace gaṇhitukāmosi, gaṇhāhīti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Khoma</span>nti khomavākaṃ. <span class="bld">Aya</span>nti kāḷalohaṃ. <span class="bld">Loha</span>nti tambalohaṃ. <span class="bld">Sajjha</span>nti rajataṃ. <span class="bld">Suvaṇṇa</span>nti <a name="P3.0813"></a> suvaṇṇamāsakaṃ. <span class="bld">Abhinandiṃsū</span>ti tussiṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para437"></a><a name="para437_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">437</span>. <span class="bld">Attamano</span>ti sakamano tuṭṭhacitto. <span class="bld">Abhiraddho</span>ti abhippasanno. <span class="bld">Pañhāpaṭibhānānī</span>ti pañhupaṭṭhānāni. <span class="bld">Paccanīkaṃ kattabba</span>nti paccanīkaṃ paṭiviruddhaṃ viya kattabbaṃ amaññissaṃ, paṭilomagāhaṃ gahetvā aṭṭhāsinti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para438"></a><a name="para438_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">438</span>. <span class="bld">Saṅghātaṃ āpajjantī</span>ti saṅghātaṃ vināsaṃ maraṇaṃ āpajjanti. <span class="bld">Na mahapphalo</span>ti vipākaphalena na mahapphalo hoti. <span class="bld">Na mahānisaṃso</span>ti guṇānisaṃsena mahānisaṃso na hoti. <span class="bld">Na mahājutiko</span>ti ānubhāvajutiyā mahājutiko na hoti. <span class="bld">Na mahāvipphāro</span>ti vipākavipphāratāya mahāvipphāro na hoti. <span class="bld">Bījanaṅgala</span>nti bījañca naṅgalañca. <span class="bld">Dukkhette</span>ti duṭṭhukhette nissārakhette. <span class="bld">Dubbhūme</span>ti visamabhūmibhāge. <span class="bld">Patiṭṭhāpeyyā</span>ti ṭhapeyya. <span class="bld">Khaṇḍānī</span>ti chinnabhinnāni. <span class="bld">Pūtīnī</span>ti nissārāni. <span class="bld">Vātātapahatānī</span>ti <a name="M2.0402"></a> vātena ca ātapena ca hatāni pariyādinnatejāni. <span class="bld">Asārādānī</span>ti taṇḍulasārādānarahitāni palālāni. <span class="bld">Asukhasayitānī</span>ti yāni sukkhāpetvā koṭṭhe ākiritvā ṭhapitāni, tāni sukhasayitāni nāma. Etāni pana na tādisāni. <span class="bld">Anuppaveccheyyā</span>ti anupaveseyya, na sammā vasseyya, anvaddhamāsaṃ anudasāhaṃ anupañcāhaṃ na vasseyyāti attho. <span class="bld">Api nu tānī</span>ti api nu evaṃ khettabījavuṭṭhidose sati tāni bījāni aṅkuramūlapattādīhi uddhaṃ vuddhiṃ heṭṭhā virūḷhiṃ samantato ca vepullaṃ āpajjeyyunti<a name="V2.0363"></a>. <span class="bld">Evarūpo kho rājañña yañño</span>ti evarūpaṃ rājañña dānaṃ parūpaghātena uppāditapaccayatopi dāyakatopi pariggāhakatopi avisuddhattā na mahapphalaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evarūpo kho rājañña yañño</span>ti evarūpaṃ rājaññadānaṃ aparūpaghātena uppannapaccayatopi aparūpaghātitāya sīlavantadāyakatopi <a name="P3.0814"></a> sammādiṭṭhiādiguṇasampannapaṭiggāhakatopi mahapphalaṃ hoti. Sace pana guṇātirekaṃ nirodhā vuṭṭhitaṃ paṭiggāhakaṃ labhati, cetanā ca vipulā hoti, diṭṭheva dhamme vipākaṃ detīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para439"></a><a name="para439_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">439</span>. Imaṃ pana therassa dhammakathaṃ sutvā pāyāsirājañño theraṃ nimantetvā sattāhaṃ therassa mahādānaṃ datvā tato paṭṭhāya mahājanassa dānaṃ paṭṭhapesi. Taṃ sandhāya <span class="bld">atha kho pāyāsi rājañño</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">kaṇājaka</span>nti sakuṇḍakaṃ uttaṇḍulabhattaṃ. <span class="bld">Bilaṅgadutiya</span>nti kañjikadutiyaṃ. <span class="bld">Dhorakāni ca vatthānī</span>ti thūlāni ca vatthāni. <span class="bld">Guḷavālakānī</span>ti guḷadasāni, puñjapuñjavasena ṭhitamahantadasānīti attho. <span class="bld">Evaṃ anuddisatī</span>ti evaṃ upadisati. <span class="bld">Pādāpī</span>ti pādenapi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para440"></a><a name="para440_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">440</span>. <span class="bld">Asakkacca</span>nti saddhāvirahitaṃ assaddhadānaṃ. <span class="bld">Asahatthā</span>ti na sahatthena. <span class="bld">Acittīkata</span>nti cittīkāravirahitaṃ, na cittīkārampi paccupaṭṭhāpetvā na paṇītacittaṃ katvā adāsi. <span class="bld">Apaviddha</span>nti chaḍḍitaṃ vippatitaṃ. <span class="bld">Suññaṃ serīsaka</span>nti serīsakaṃ nāma ekaṃ tucchaṃ rajatavimānaṃ upagato. Tassa kira dvāre mahāsirīsarukkho, tena taṃ ‘‘serīsaka’’nti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para441"></a><a name="para441_dn2"></a><span class="paranum">441</span>. <span class="bld">Āyasmā</span> <a name="M2.0403"></a> <span class="bld">gavaṃpatī</span>ti thero kira pubbe manussakāle gopāladārakānaṃ jeṭṭhako hutvā mahato sirīsassa mūlaṃ sodhetvā vālikaṃ okiritvā ekaṃ piṇḍapātikattheraṃ rukkhamūle nisīdāpetvā attanā laddhaṃ āhāraṃ datvā tato cuto tassānubhāvena tasmiṃ rajatavimāne nibbatti. Sirīsarukkho vimānadvāre aṭṭhāsi. So paññāsāya vassehi phalati, tato paññāsa vassāni gatānīti devaputto saṃvegaṃ āpajjati. So aparena samayena amhākaṃ bhagavato kāle manussesu nibbattitvā satthu dhammakathaṃ sutvā arahattaṃ patto. Pubbāciṇṇavasena pana divāvihāratthāya tadeva vimānaṃ abhiṇhaṃ gacchati, taṃ kirassa utusukhaṃ hoti. Taṃ sandhāya ‘‘tena kho pana samayena āyasmā gavaṃpatī’’tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">So</span> <a name="P3.0815"></a><a name="V2.0364"></a> <span class="bld">sakkaccaṃ dānaṃ datvā</span>ti so parassa santakampi dānaṃ sakkaccaṃ datvā. <span class="bld">Evamārocesī</span>ti ‘‘sakkaccaṃ dānaṃ dethā’’tiādinā nayena ārocesi. Tañca pana therassa ārocanaṃ sutvā mahājano sakkaccaṃ dānaṃ datvā devaloke nibbatto. Pāyāsissa pana rājaññassa paricārakā sakkaccaṃ dānaṃ datvāpi nikantivasena gantvā tasseva santike nibbattā. Taṃ kira disācārikavimānaṃ vaṭṭaniaṭaviyaṃ ahosi. Pāyāsidevaputto ca ekadivasaṃ vāṇijakānaṃ dassetvā attano katakammaṃ kathesīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti sumaṅgalavilāsiniyā dīghanikāyaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</p>
<p class="centered">Pāyāsirājaññasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Niṭṭhitā ca mahāvaggassatthavaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="centered">Mahāvaggaṭṭhakathā niṭṭhitā.</p>
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