iapt-platform
/
mint
-ын хуулбар https://github.com/iapt-platform/mint.git


			
				
					
						
						
							123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120121122123124125126127128129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146147148149150151152153154155156157158159160161162163164165166167168169170171172173174175176177178179180181182183184185186187188189190191192193194195196197198199200201202203204205206207208209210211212213214215216217218219220221222223224225226227228229230231232233234235236237238239240241242243244245246247248249250251252253254255256257258259260261262263264265266267268269270271272273274275276277278279280281282283284285286287288289290291292293294295296297298299300301302303304305306307308309310311312313314315316317318319320321322323324325326327328329330331332333334335336337338339340341342343344345346347348349350351352353354355356357358359360361362363364365366367368369370371372373374375376377378379380381382383384385386387388389390391392393394395396397398399400401402403404405406407408409410411412413414415416417418419420421422423424425426427428429430431432433434435436437438439440441442443444445446447448449450451452453454455456457458459460461462463464465466467468469470471472473474475476477478479480481482483484485486487488489490491492493494495496497498499500501502503504505506507508509510511512513514515516517518519520521522523524525526527528529530531532533534535536537538539540541542543544545546547548549550551552553554555556557558559560561562563564565566567568569570571572573574575576577578579580581582583584585586587588589590591592593594595596597598599600601602603604605606607608609610611612613614615616617618619620621622623624625626627628629630631632633634635636637638639640641642643644645646647648649650651652653654655656657658659660661662663664665666667668669670671672673674675676677678679680681682683684685686687688689690691692693694695696697698699700701702703704705706707708709710711712713714715716717718719720721722723724725726727728729730731732733734735736737738739740741742743744745746747748749750751752753754755756757758759760761762763764765766767768769770771772773774775776777778779780781782783784785786787788789790791792793794795796797798799800801802803804805806807808809810811812813814815816817818819820821822823824825826827828829830831832833834835836837838839840841842843844845846847848849850851852853854855856857858859860861862863864865866867868869870871872873874875876877878879880881882883884885886887888889890891892893894895896897898899900901902903904905906907908909910911912913914915916917918919920921922923924925926927928929930931932933934935936937938939940941942943944945946947948949950951952953954955956957958959960961962963964965966967968969970971972973974975976977978979980981982983984985986987988989990991992993994995996997998999100010011002100310041005100610071008100910101011101210131014101510161017101810191020102110221023102410251026102710281029103010311032103310341035103610371038103910401041104210431044104510461047104810491050105110521053105410551056105710581059106010611062106310641065106610671068106910701071107210731074107510761077107810791080108110821083108410851086108710881089109010911092109310941095109610971098109911001101110211031104110511061107110811091110111111121113111411151116111711181119112011211122112311241125112611271128112911301131113211331134113511361137113811391140114111421143114411451146114711481149115011511152115311541155115611571158115911601161116211631164116511661167116811691170117111721173117411751176117711781179118011811182118311841185118611871188118911901191119211931194119511961197119811991200120112021203120412051206120712081209121012111212121312141215121612171218121912201221122212231224122512261227122812291230123112321233123412351236123712381239124012411242124312441245124612471248124912501251125212531254125512561257125812591260126112621263126412651266126712681269127012711272127312741275127612771278127912801281128212831284128512861287128812891290129112921293129412951296129712981299130013011302130313041305130613071308130913101311131213131314131513161317131813191320132113221323132413251326132713281329133013311332133313341335133613371338133913401341134213431344134513461347134813491350135113521353135413551356135713581359136013611362136313641365136613671368136913701371137213731374137513761377137813791380138113821383138413851386138713881389139013911392139313941395139613971398139914001401140214031404140514061407140814091410141114121413141414151416141714181419142014211422142314241425142614271428142914301431143214331434143514361437143814391440144114421443144414451446144714481449145014511452145314541455145614571458145914601461146214631464146514661467146814691470147114721473147414751476147714781479148014811482148314841485148614871488148914901491149214931494149514961497149814991500150115021503150415051506150715081509
							<body>
<p class="centered"> Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa</p>
<p class="nikaya">Dīghanikāye</p>
<p class="book"><a name="dn1"></a>Sīlakkhandhavaggaṭṭhakathā</p>
<p class="chapter"><a name="dn1_0"></a>Ganthārambhakathā</p>
<p class="subsubhead">Ganthārambhakathā</p>
<p class="gatha1">Karuṇāsītalahadayaṃ<a name="P1.0001"></a><a name="V1.0001"></a><a name="M1.0001"></a>, paññāpajjotavihatamohatamaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sanarāmaralokagaruṃ, vande <span class="bld">sugataṃ</span> gativimuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Buddhopi buddhabhāvaṃ, bhāvetvā ceva sacchikatvā ca;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Yaṃ upagato gatamalaṃ, vande tamanuttaraṃ <span class="bld">dhammaṃ.</span></p>
<p class="gatha1">Sugatassa orasānaṃ, puttānaṃ mārasenamathanānaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Aṭṭhannampi samūhaṃ, sirasā vande <span class="bld">ariyasaṅghaṃ.</span></p>
<p class="gatha1">Iti <a name="V1.0002"></a> me pasannamatino, ratanattayavandanāmayaṃ puññaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Yaṃ suvihatantarāyo, hutvā tassānubhāvena.</p>
<p class="gatha1"><span class="bld">Dīghassa</span> dīghasuttaṅkitassa, nipuṇassa <span class="bld">āgamavarassa;</span></p>
<p class="gathalast">Buddhānubuddhasaṃvaṇṇitassa, saddhāvahaguṇassa.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Atthappakāsanatthaṃ, <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathā</span> ādito vasisatehi;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Pañcahi yā saṅgītā, anusaṅgītā ca pacchāpi.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Sīhaḷadīpaṃ pana ābhatātha, vasinā mahāmahindena;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Ṭhapitā sīhaḷabhāsāya, dīpavāsīnamatthāya.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Apanetvāna <a name="M1.0002"></a> tatohaṃ, sīhaḷabhāsaṃ manoramaṃ bhāsaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tantinayānucchavikaṃ, āropento vigatadosaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Samayaṃ avilomento, therānaṃ theravaṃsapadīpānaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sunipuṇavinicchayānaṃ, mahāvihāre nivāsīnaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Hitvā punappunāgatamatthaṃ, atthaṃ pakāsayissāmi;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sujanassa ca tuṭṭhatthaṃ, ciraṭṭhitatthañca dhammassa.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Sīlakathā dhutadhammā, kammaṭṭhānāni ceva sabbāni;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Cariyāvidhānasahito, jhānasamāpattivitthāro.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Sabbā ca abhiññāyo, paññāsaṅkalananicchayo ceva;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Khandhadhātāyatanindriyāni, ariyāni ceva cattāri.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Saccāni <a name="P1.0002"></a> paccayākāradesanā, suparisuddhanipuṇanayā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Avimuttatantimaggā, vipassanā bhāvanā ceva.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Iti <a name="V1.0003"></a> pana sabbaṃ yasmā, <span class="bld">visuddhimagge</span> mayā suparisuddhaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Vuttaṃ tasmā bhiyyo, na taṃ idha vicārayissāmi.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Majjhe <span class="bld">visuddhimaggo,</span> esa catunnampi āgamānañhi;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Ṭhatvā pakāsayissati, tattha yathā bhāsitaṃ atthaṃ’’.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Icceva kato tasmā, tampi gahetvāna saddhimetāya;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Aṭṭhakathāya vijānatha, dīghāgamanissitaṃ atthanti.</p>
<p class="subsubhead">Nidānakathā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">dīghāgamo</span> nāma sīlakkhandhavaggo, mahāvaggo, pāthikavaggoti vaggato tivaggo hoti; suttato catuttiṃsasuttasaṅgaho. Tassa vaggesu <span class="bld">sīlakkhandhavaggo</span> ādi, suttesu <span class="bld">brahmajālaṃ.</span> Brahmajālassāpi ‘‘evaṃ <a name="M1.0003"></a> me suta’’ntiādikaṃ āyasmatā ānandena paṭhamamahāsaṅgītikāle vuttaṃ nidānamādi.</p>
<p class="subhead">Paṭhamamahāsaṅgītikathā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paṭhamamahāsaṅgīti nāma cesā kiñcāpi vinayapiṭake tantimārūḷhā, nidānakosallatthaṃ pana idhāpi evaṃ veditabbā. Dhammacakkappavattanañhi ādiṃ katvā yāva subhaddaparibbājakavinayanā katabuddhakicce, kusinārāyaṃ upavattane mallānaṃ sālavane yamakasālānamantare visākhapuṇṇamadivase paccūsasamaye anupādisesāya nibbānadhātuyā parinibbute bhagavati lokanāthe, bhagavato dhātubhājanadivase sannipatitānaṃ sattannaṃ bhikkhusatasahassānaṃ saṅghatthero āyasmā mahākassapo sattāhaparinibbute bhagavati subhaddena vuḍḍhapabbajitena – ‘‘alaṃ, āvuso, mā socittha, mā paridevittha, sumuttā mayaṃ tena mahāsamaṇena, upaddutā ca homa – ‘idaṃ vo kappati, idaṃ vo na kappatī’ti, idāni pana mayaṃ yaṃ icchissāma, taṃ karissāma, yaṃ na icchissāma na taṃ karissāmā’’ti (cūḷava. 437) vuttavacanamanussaranto, īdisassa ca saṅghasannipātassa puna dullabhabhāvaṃ maññamāno, ‘‘ṭhānaṃ <a name="V1.0004"></a> kho panetaṃ vijjati, yaṃ pāpabhikkhū ‘atītasatthukaṃ pāvacana’nti maññamānā <a name="P1.0003"></a> pakkhaṃ labhitvā nacirasseva saddhammaṃ antaradhāpeyyuṃ, yāva ca dhammavinayo tiṭṭhati, tāva anatītasatthukameva pāvacanaṃ hoti. Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā –</p>
<p class="indent">‘Yo vo, ānanda, mayā dhammo ca vinayo ca desito paññatto, so vo mamaccayena satthā’ti (dī. ni. 2.216).</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘Yaṃnūnāhaṃ dhammañca vinayañca saṅgāyeyyaṃ, yathayidaṃ sāsanaṃ addhaniyaṃ assa ciraṭṭhitikaṃ’.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yañcāhaṃ bhagavatā –</p>
<p class="indent">‘Dhāressasi pana me tvaṃ, kassapa, sāṇāni paṃsukūlāni nibbasanānī’ti (saṃ. ni. 2.154) vatvā cīvare sādhāraṇaparibhogena.</p>
<p class="indent">‘Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ <a name="M1.0004"></a> jhānaṃ upasampajja viharāmi; kassapopi, bhikkhave, yāvadeva, ākaṅkhati vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharatī’ti (saṃ. ni. 2.152).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evamādinā nayena navānupubbavihārachaḷabhiññāppabhede uttarimanussadhamme attanā samasamaṭṭhapanena ca anuggahito, tathā ākāse pāṇiṃ cāletvā alaggacittatāya ceva candopamapaṭipadāya ca pasaṃsito, tassa kimaññaṃ āṇaṇyaṃ bhavissati. Nanu maṃ bhagavā rājā viya sakakavacaissariyānuppadānena attano kulavaṃsappatiṭṭhāpakaṃ puttaṃ ‘saddhammavaṃsappatiṭṭhāpako me ayaṃ bhavissatī’ti, mantvā iminā asādhāraṇena anuggahena anuggahesi, imāya ca uḷārāya pasaṃsāya pasaṃsīti cintayanto dhammavinayasaṅgāyanatthaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ ussāhaṃ janesi. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘ekamidāhaṃ, āvuso, samayaṃ <a name="V1.0005"></a> pāvāya kusināraṃ addhānamaggappaṭipanno mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehī’’ti (cūḷava. 437) sabbaṃ <span class="bld">subhaddakaṇḍaṃ</span> vitthārato veditabbaṃ. Atthaṃ panassa mahāparinibbānāvasāne āgataṭṭhāneyeva kathayissāma.</p>
<p class="unindented">Tato paraṃ āha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Handa mayaṃ, āvuso, dhammañca vinayañca <a name="P1.0004"></a> saṅgāyāma, pure adhammo dippati, dhammo paṭibāhiyyati; pure avinayo dippati, vinayo paṭibāhiyyati; pure adhammavādino balavanto honti, dhammavādino dubbalā honti, pure avinayavādino balavanto honti, vinayavādino dubbalā hontī’’ti (cūḷava. 437).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bhikkhū āhaṃsu – ‘‘tena hi, bhante, thero bhikkhū uccinatū’’ti. Thero pana sakalanavaṅgasatthusāsanapariyattidhare puthujjanasotāpannasakadāgāmianāgāmi sukkhavipassaka khīṇāsavabhikkhū anekasate, anekasahasse ca <a name="M1.0005"></a> vajjetvā tipiṭakasabbapariyattippabhedadhare paṭisambhidāppatte mahānubhāve yebhuyyena bhagavato etadaggaṃ āropite tevijjādibhede khīṇāsavabhikkhūyeva ekūnapañcasate pariggahesi. Ye sandhāya idaṃ vuttaṃ – ‘‘atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo ekenūnāni pañca arahantasatāni uccinī’’ti (cūḷava. 437).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kissa pana thero ekenūnamakāsīti? Āyasmato ānandattherassa okāsakaraṇatthaṃ. Tenahāyasmatā sahāpi, vināpi, na sakkā dhammasaṅgītiṃ kātuṃ. So hāyasmā sekkho sakaraṇīyo, tasmā sahāpi na sakkā. Yasmā panassa kiñci dasabaladesitaṃ suttageyyādikaṃ appaccakkhaṃ nāma natthi. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Dvāsīti buddhato gaṇhiṃ, dve sahassāni bhikkhuto;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Caturāsīti sahassāni, ye me dhammā pavattino’’ti. (theragā. 1027);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tasmā vināpi na sakkā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadi evaṃ sekkhopi samāno dhammasaṅgītiyā bahukārattā therena uccinitabbo assa, atha kasmā na uccinitoti? Parūpavādavivajjanato. Thero hi āyasmante ānande ativiya <a name="V1.0006"></a> vissattho ahosi, tathā hi naṃ sirasmiṃ palitesu jātesupi ‘na vāyaṃ kumārako mattamaññāsī’ti, (saṃ. ni. 2.154) kumārakavādena ovadati. Sakyakulappasuto cāyasmā tathāgatassa bhātā cūḷapituputto. Tattha keci bhikkhū chandāgamanaṃ viya maññamānā – ‘‘bahū asekkhapaṭisambhidāppatte bhikkhū ṭhapetvā <a name="P1.0005"></a> ānandaṃ sekkhapaṭisambhidāppattaṃ thero uccinī’’ti upavadeyyuṃ. Taṃ parūpavādaṃ parivajjento, ‘ānandaṃ vinā dhammasaṅgītiṃ na sakkā kātuṃ, bhikkhūnaṃyeva naṃ anumatiyā gahessāmī’ti na uccini.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha sayameva bhikkhū ānandassatthāya theraṃ yāciṃsu. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Bhikkhū āyasmantaṃ mahākassapaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘ayaṃ, bhante, āyasmā ānando kiñcāpi sekkho abhabbo chandā dosā mohā bhayā agatiṃ gantuṃ, bahu cānena bhagavato santike dhammo ca vinayo ca pariyatto, tena hi, bhante, thero āyasmantampi <a name="M1.0006"></a> ānandaṃ uccinatū’ti. Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo āyasmantampi ānandaṃ uccinī’’ti (cūḷava. 437).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ anumatiyā uccinitena tenāyasmatā saddhiṃ pañcatherasatāni ahesuṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha kho therānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – ‘‘kattha nu kho mayaṃ dhammañca vinayañca saṅgāyeyyāmā’’ti? Atha kho therānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – ‘‘rājagahaṃ kho mahāgocaraṃ pahūtasenāsanaṃ, yaṃnūna mayaṃ rājagahe vassaṃ vasantā dhammañca vinayañca saṅgāyeyyāma, na aññe bhikkhū rājagahe vassaṃ upagaccheyyu’’nti (cūḷava. 437).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kasmā pana nesaṃ etadahosi? ‘‘Idaṃ pana amhākaṃ thāvarakammaṃ, koci visabhāgapuggalo saṅghamajjhaṃ pavisitvā ukkoṭeyyā’’ti. Athāyasmā mahākassapo ñattidutiyena kammena sāvesi –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Suṇātu <a name="V1.0007"></a> me, āvuso saṅgho, yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ saṅgho imāni pañca bhikkhusatāni sammanneyya rājagahe vassaṃ vasantāni dhammañca vinayañca saṅgāyituṃ, na aññehi bhikkhūhi rājagahe vassaṃ vasitabba’’nti. Esā ñatti.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Suṇātu me, āvuso saṅgho, saṅgho imāni pañcabhikkhusatāni sammanna’’ti ‘rājagahe vassaṃ vasantāni dhammañca vinayañca saṅgāyituṃ, na aññehi bhikkhūhi rājagahe vassaṃ vasitabbanti. Yassāyasmato khamati imesaṃ pañcannaṃ <a name="P1.0006"></a> bhikkhusatānaṃ sammuti’ rājagahe vassaṃ vasantānaṃ dhammañca vinayañca saṅgāyituṃ, na aññehi bhikkhūhi rājagahe vassaṃ vasitabbanti, so tuṇhassa; yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Sammatāni saṅghena imāni pañcabhikkhusatāni rājagahe vassaṃ vasantāni dhammañca vinayañca saṅgāyituṃ, na aññehi bhikkhūhi rājagahe vassaṃ vasitabbanti, khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti (cūḷava. 438).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ayaṃ <a name="M1.0007"></a> pana kammavācā tathāgatassa parinibbānato ekavīsatime divase katā. Bhagavā hi visākhapuṇṇamāyaṃ paccūsasamaye parinibbuto, athassa sattāhaṃ suvaṇṇavaṇṇaṃ sarīraṃ gandhamālādīhi pūjayiṃsu. Evaṃ sattāhaṃ sādhukīḷanadivasā nāma ahesuṃ. Tato sattāhaṃ citakāya agginā jhāyi, sattāhaṃ sattipañjaraṃ katvā sandhāgārasālāyaṃ dhātupūjaṃ kariṃsūti, ekavīsati divasā gatā. Jeṭṭhamūlasukkapakkhapañcamiyaṃyeva dhātuyo bhājayiṃsu. Etasmiṃ dhātubhājanadivase sannipatitassa mahābhikkhusaṅghassa subhaddena vuḍḍhapabbajitena kataṃ anācāraṃ ārocetvā vuttanayeneva ca bhikkhū uccinitvā ayaṃ kammavācā katā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Imañca pana kammavācaṃ katvā thero bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘āvuso, idāni tumhākaṃ cattālīsa divasā okāso kato, tato paraṃ ‘ayaṃ nāma no palibodho atthī’ti, vattuṃ na labbhā, tasmā etthantare yassa rogapalibodho vā ācariyupajjhāyapalibodho vā mātāpitupalibodho vā atthi, pattaṃ vā pana pacitabbaṃ, cīvaraṃ vā kātabbaṃ, so taṃ palibodhaṃ chinditvā taṃ karaṇīyaṃ karotū’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evañca pana vatvā thero attano pañcasatāya parisāya parivuto rājagahaṃ gato. Aññepi mahātherā attano attano parivāre gahetvā sokasallasamappitaṃ mahājanaṃ assāsetukāmā taṃ taṃ disaṃ pakkantā. Puṇṇatthero pana sattasatabhikkhuparivāro ‘tathāgatassa parinibbānaṭṭhānaṃ āgatāgataṃ mahājanaṃ assāsessāmī’ti kusinārāyaṃyeva aṭṭhāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Āyasmā ānando yathā pubbe aparinibbutassa, evaṃ parinibbutassāpi bhagavato sayameva <a name="V1.0008"></a> pattacīvaramādāya pañcahi bhikkhusatehi saddhiṃ yena sāvatthi tena cārikaṃ pakkāmi. Gacchato gacchato panassa parivārā bhikkhū gaṇanapathaṃ vītivattā. Tenāyasmatā gatagataṭṭhāne mahāparidevo ahosi<a name="P1.0007"></a>. Anupubbena pana sāvatthimanuppatte there sāvatthivāsino manussā ‘‘thero kira āgato’’ti sutvā gandhamālādihatthā paccuggantvā – ‘‘bhante, ānanda, pubbe bhagavatā saddhiṃ āgacchatha, ajja kuhiṃ bhagavantaṃ <a name="M1.0008"></a> ṭhapetvā āgatatthā’’tiādīni vadamānā parodiṃsu. Buddhassa bhagavato parinibbānadivase viya mahāparidevo ahosi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatra sudaṃ āyasmā ānando aniccatādipaṭisaṃyuttāya dhammiyākathāya taṃ mahājanaṃ saññāpetvā jetavanaṃ pavisitvā dasabalena vasitagandhakuṭiṃ vanditvā dvāraṃ vivaritvā mañcapīṭhaṃ nīharitvā papphoṭetvā gandhakuṭiṃ sammajjitvā milātamālākacavaraṃ chaḍḍetvā mañcapīṭhaṃ atiharitvā puna yathāṭhāne ṭhapetvā bhagavato ṭhitakāle karaṇīyaṃ vattaṃ sabbamakāsi. Kurumāno ca nhānakoṭṭhakasammajjanaudakupaṭṭhāpanādikālesu gandhakuṭiṃ vanditvā – ‘‘nanu bhagavā, ayaṃ tumhākaṃ nhānakālo, ayaṃ dhammadesanākālo, ayaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ ovādadānakālo, ayaṃ sīhaseyyakappanakālo, ayaṃ mukhadhovanakālo’’tiādinā nayena paridevamānova akāsi, yathā taṃ bhagavato guṇagaṇāmatarasaññutāya patiṭṭhitapemo ceva akhīṇāsavo ca anekesu ca jātisatasahassesu aññamaññassūpakārasañjanitacittamaddavo. Tamenaṃ aññatarā devatā – ‘‘bhante, ānanda, tumhe evaṃ paridevamānā kathaṃ aññe assāsessathā’’ti saṃvejesi. So tassā vacanena saṃviggahadayo santhambhitvā tathāgatassa parinibbānato pabhuti ṭhānanisajjabahulattā ussannadhātukaṃ kāyaṃ samassāsetuṃ dutiyadivase khīravirecanaṃ pivitvā vihāreyeva nisīdi. Yaṃ sandhāya subhena māṇavena pahitaṃ māṇavakaṃ etadavoca –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Akālo, kho māṇavaka, atthi me ajja bhesajjamattā pītā, appeva nāma svepi upasaṅkameyyāmā’’ti (dī. ni. 1.447).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dutiyadivase cetakattherena pacchāsamaṇena gantvā subhena māṇavena puṭṭho imasmiṃ dīghanikāye <span class="bld">subhasuttaṃ</span> nāma dasamaṃ suttaṃ abhāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha ānandatthero jetavanamahāvihāre khaṇḍaphullappaṭisaṅkharaṇaṃ <a name="P1.0008"></a> kārāpetvā upakaṭṭhāya vassūpanāyikāya bhikkhusaṅghaṃ ohāya rājagahaṃ gato <a name="M1.0009"></a> tathā aññepi dhammasaṅgāhakā bhikkhūti. Evañhi gate, te sandhāya ca idaṃ vuttaṃ – ‘‘atha kho therā bhikkhū rājagahaṃ agamaṃsu, dhammañca vinayañca <a name="V1.0009"></a> saṅgāyitu’’nti (cūḷava. 438). Te āsaḷhīpuṇṇamāyaṃ uposathaṃ katvā pāṭipadadivase sannipatitvā vassaṃ upagacchiṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tena kho pana samayena rājagahaṃ parivāretvā aṭṭhārasa mahāvihārā honti, te sabbepi chaḍḍitapatitauklāpā ahesuṃ. Bhagavato hi parinibbāne sabbepi bhikkhū attano attano pattacīvaramādāya vihāre ca pariveṇe ca chaḍḍetvā agamaṃsu. Tattha katikavattaṃ kurumānā therā bhagavato vacanapūjanatthaṃ titthiyavādaparimocanatthañca – ‘paṭhamaṃ māsaṃ khaṇḍaphullappaṭisaṅkharaṇaṃ karomā’ti cintesuṃ. Titthiyā hi evaṃ vadeyyuṃ – ‘‘samaṇassa gotamassa sāvakā satthari ṭhiteyeva vihāre paṭijaggiṃsu, parinibbute chaḍḍesuṃ, kulānaṃ mahādhanapariccāgo vinassatī’’ti. Tesañca vādaparimocanatthaṃ cintesunti vuttaṃ hoti. Evaṃ cintayitvā ca pana katikavattaṃ kariṃsu. Yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Atha kho therānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – bhagavatā, kho āvuso, khaṇḍaphullappaṭisaṅkharaṇaṃ vaṇṇitaṃ, handa mayaṃ, āvuso, paṭhamaṃ māsaṃ khaṇḍaphullappaṭisaṅkharaṇaṃ karoma, majjhimaṃ māsaṃ sannipatitvā dhammañca vinayañca saṅgāyissāmā’’ti (cūḷava. 438).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Te dutiyadivase gantvā rājadvāre aṭṭhaṃsu. Rājā āgantvā vanditvā – ‘‘kiṃ bhante, āgatatthā’’ti attanā kattabbakiccaṃ pucchi. Therā aṭṭhārasa mahāvihārapaṭisaṅkharaṇatthāya hatthakammaṃ paṭivedesuṃ. Rājā hatthakammakārake manusse adāsi. Therā paṭhamaṃ māsaṃ sabbavihāre paṭisaṅkharāpetvā rañño ārocesuṃ – ‘‘niṭṭhitaṃ, mahārāja, vihārapaṭisaṅkharaṇaṃ, idāni dhammavinayasaṅgahaṃ karomā’’ti. ‘‘Sādhu bhante visaṭṭhā karotha, mayhaṃ āṇācakkaṃ<a name="P1.0009"></a>, tumhākañca dhammacakkaṃ hotu, āṇāpetha, bhante, kiṃ karomī’’ti. ‘‘Saṅgahaṃ karontānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ sannisajjaṭṭhānaṃ mahārājā’’ti. ‘‘Kattha karomi, bhante’’ti? ‘‘Vebhārapabbatapasse sattapaṇṇi guhādvāre kātuṃ yuttaṃ mahārājā’’ti. ‘‘Sādhu, bhante’’ti kho rājā ajātasattu vissakammunā <a name="M1.0010"></a> nimmitasadisaṃ suvibhattabhittithambhasopānaṃ, nānāvidhamālākammalatākammavicittaṃ, abhibhavantamiva rājabhavanavibhūtiṃ, avahasantamiva devavimānasiriṃ, siriyā niketanamiva ekanipātatitthamiva ca devamanussanayanavihaṃgānaṃ, lokarāmaṇeyyakamiva sampiṇḍitaṃ daṭṭhabbasāramaṇḍaṃ maṇḍapaṃ kārāpetvā vividhakusumadāmolambakaviniggalantacāruvitānaṃ nānāratanavicittamaṇikoṭṭimatalamiva ca, naṃ nānāpupphūpahāravicittasupariniṭṭhitabhūmikammaṃ brahmavimānasadisaṃ alaṅkaritvā, tasmiṃ mahāmaṇḍape <a name="V1.0010"></a> pañcasatānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ anagghāni pañca kappiyapaccattharaṇasatāni paññapetvā, dakkhiṇabhāgaṃ nissāya uttarābhimukhaṃ therāsanaṃ, maṇḍapamajjhe puratthābhimukhaṃ buddhassa bhagavato āsanārahaṃ dhammāsanaṃ paññapetvā, dantakhacitaṃ bījaniñcettha ṭhapetvā, bhikkhusaṅghassa ārocāpesi – ‘‘niṭṭhitaṃ, bhante, mama kicca’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tasmiñca pana divase ekacce bhikkhū āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ sandhāya evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘imasmiṃ bhikkhusaṅghe eko bhikkhu vissagandhaṃ vāyanto vicaratī’’ti. Thero taṃ sutvā imasmiṃ bhikkhusaṅghe añño vissagandhaṃ vāyanto vicaraṇakabhikkhu nāma natthi. Addhā ete maṃ sandhāya vadantīti saṃvegaṃ āpajji. Ekacce naṃ āhaṃsuyeva – ‘‘sve āvuso, ānanda, sannipāto, tvañca sekkho sakaraṇīyo, tena te na yuttaṃ sannipātaṃ gantuṃ, appamatto hohī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha kho āyasmā ānando – ‘sve sannipāto, na kho metaṃ patirūpaṃ yvāhaṃ sekkho samāno sannipātaṃ gaccheyya’nti, bahudeva rattiṃ kāyagatāya satiyā vītināmetvā <a name="P1.0010"></a> rattiyā paccūsasamaye caṅkamā orohitvā vihāraṃ pavisitvā ‘‘nipajjissāmī’’ti kāyaṃ āvajjesi, dve pādā bhūmito muttā, apattañca sīsaṃ bimbohanaṃ, etasmiṃ antare anupādāya āsavehi cittaṃ vimucci. Ayañhi āyasmā caṅkamena bahi vītināmetvā visesaṃ nibbattetuṃ asakkonto cintesi – ‘‘nanu maṃ bhagavā etadavoca – ‘katapuññosi tvaṃ, ānanda, padhānamanuyuñja, khippaṃ hohisi anāsavo’ti (dī. ni. 2.207). Buddhānañca kathādoso nāma natthi, mama pana accāraddhaṃ vīriyaṃ, tena me cittaṃ uddhaccāya saṃvattati. Handāhaṃ vīriyasamataṃ yojemī’’ti, caṅkamā orohitvā pādadhovanaṭṭhāne ṭhatvā pāde dhovitvā <a name="M1.0011"></a> vihāraṃ pavisitvā mañcake nisīditvā, ‘‘thokaṃ vissamissāmī’’ti kāyaṃ mañcake apanāmesi. Dve pādā bhūmito muttā, sīsaṃ bimbohanamappattaṃ, etasmiṃ antare anupādāya āsavehi cittaṃ vimuttaṃ, catuiriyāpathavirahitaṃ therassa arahattaṃ. Tena ‘‘imasmiṃ sāsane anipanno anisinno aṭṭhito acaṅkamanto ko bhikkhu arahattaṃ patto’’ti vutte ‘‘ānandatthero’’ti vattuṃ vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha therā bhikkhū dutiyadivase pañcamiyaṃ kāḷapakkhassa katabhattakiccā pattacīvaraṃ paṭisāmetvā dhammasabhāyaṃ sannipatiṃsu. Atha kho āyasmā ānando arahā samāno sannipātaṃ agamāsi. Kathaṃ agamāsi? ‘‘Idānimhi sannipātamajjhaṃ pavisanāraho’’ti haṭṭhatuṭṭhacitto ekaṃsaṃ cīvaraṃ katvā bandhanā muttatālapakkaṃ viya, paṇḍukambale nikkhittajātimaṇi viya, vigatavalāhake nabhe samuggatapuṇṇacando viya, bālātapasamphassavikasitareṇupiñjaragabbhaṃ padumaṃ viya <a name="V1.0011"></a> ca, parisuddhena pariyodātena sappabhena sassirīkena ca mukhavarena attano arahattappattiṃ ārocayamāno viya agamāsi. Atha naṃ disvā āyasmato mahākassapassa etadahosi – ‘‘sobhati vata bho arahattappatto ānando, sace satthā dhareyya, addhā ajjānandassa sādhukāraṃ dadeyya, handa<a name="P1.0011"></a>, dānissāhaṃ satthārā dātabbaṃ sādhukāraṃ dadāmī’’ti, tikkhattuṃ sādhukāramadāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Majjhimabhāṇakā pana vadanti – ‘‘ānandatthero attano arahattappattiṃ ñāpetukāmo bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ nāgato, bhikkhū yathāvuḍḍhaṃ attano attano pattāsane nisīdantā ānandattherassa āsanaṃ ṭhapetvā nisinnā. Tattha keci evamāhaṃsu – ‘etaṃ āsanaṃ kassā’ti? ‘Ānandassā’ti. ‘Ānando pana kuhiṃ gato’ti? Tasmiṃ samaye thero cintesi – ‘idāni mayhaṃ gamanakālo’ti. Tato attano ānubhāvaṃ dassento pathaviyaṃ nimujjitvā attano āsaneyeva attānaṃ dassesī’’ti, ākāsena gantvā nisīdītipi eke. Yathā vā tathā vā hotu. Sabbathāpi taṃ disvā āyasmato mahākassapassa sādhukāradānaṃ yuttameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ āgate pana tasmiṃ āyasmante mahākassapatthero bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘āvuso, kiṃ paṭhamaṃ saṅgāyāma, dhammaṃ vā vinayaṃ vā’’ti? Bhikkhū <a name="M1.0012"></a> āhaṃsu – ‘‘bhante, mahākassapa, <span class="bld">vinayo nāma</span> buddhasāsanassa āyu. Vinaye ṭhite sāsanaṃ ṭhitaṃ nāma hoti. Tasmā paṭhamaṃ vinayaṃ saṅgāyāmā’’ti. ‘‘Kaṃ dhuraṃ katvā’’ti? ‘‘Āyasmantaṃ upāli’’nti. ‘‘Kiṃ ānando nappahotī’’ti? ‘‘No nappahoti’’. Api ca kho pana sammāsambuddho dharamānoyeva vinayapariyattiṃ nissāya āyasmantaṃ upāliṃ etadagge ṭhapesi – ‘‘etadaggaṃ, bhikkhave, mama sāvakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ vinayadharānaṃ yadidaṃ upālī’’ti (a. ni. 1.228). ‘Tasmā upālittheraṃ pucchitvā vinayaṃ saṅgāyāmā’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tato thero vinayaṃ pucchanatthāya attanāva attānaṃ sammanni. Upālittheropi vissajjanatthāya sammanni. Tatrāyaṃ pāḷi – atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo saṅghaṃ ñāpesi –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Suṇātu me, āvuso, saṅgho, yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Ahaṃ upāliṃ vinayaṃ puccheyya’’nti.</p>
<p class="unindented">Āyasmāpi upāli saṅghaṃ ñāpesi –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Suṇātu <a name="V1.0012"></a> me, bhante, saṅgho, yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Ahaṃ āyasmatā mahākassapena vinayaṃ puṭṭho vissajjeyya’’nti. (cūḷava. 439);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ attānaṃ sammannitvā āyasmā upāli uṭṭhāyāsanā ekaṃsaṃ cīvaraṃ <a name="P1.0012"></a> katvā there bhikkhū vanditvā dhammāsane nisīdi dantakhacitaṃ bījaniṃ gahetvā, tato mahākassapatthero therāsane nisīditvā āyasmantaṃ upāliṃ vinayaṃ pucchi. ‘‘Paṭhamaṃ āvuso, upāli, pārājikaṃ kattha paññatta’’nti? ‘‘Vesāliyaṃ, bhante’’ti. ‘‘Kaṃ ārabbhā’’ti? ‘‘Sudinnaṃ kalandaputtaṃ ārabbhā’’ti. ‘‘Kismiṃ vatthusmi’’nti? ‘‘Methunadhamme’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo āyasmantaṃ upāliṃ paṭhamassa pārājikassa vatthumpi pucchi, nidānampi pucchi, puggalampi pucchi, paññattimpi pucchi, anupaññattimpi pucchi, āpattimpi pucchi, anāpattimpi pucchi’’ (cūḷava. 439). Puṭṭho puṭṭho āyasmā upāli vissajjesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kiṃ panettha paṭhamapārājike kiñci apanetabbaṃ vā pakkhipitabbaṃ vā atthi natthīti? Apanetabbaṃ natthi. Buddhassa hi bhagavato bhāsite apanetabbaṃ nāma natthi. Na hi tathāgatā ekabyañjanampi niratthakaṃ vadanti. Sāvakānaṃ pana devatānaṃ <a name="M1.0013"></a> vā bhāsite apanetabbampi hoti, taṃ dhammasaṅgāhakattherā apanayiṃsu. Pakkhipitabbaṃ pana sabbatthāpi atthi, tasmā yaṃ yattha pakkhipituṃ yuttaṃ, taṃ pakkhipiṃsuyeva. Kiṃ pana tanti? ‘Tena samayenā’ti vā, ‘tena kho pana samayenā’ti vā, ‘atha khoti vā’, ‘evaṃ vutteti’ vā, ‘etadavocā’ti vā, evamādikaṃ sambandhavacanamattaṃ. Evaṃ pakkhipitabbayuttaṃ pakkhipitvā pana – ‘‘idaṃ paṭhamapārājika’’nti ṭhapesuṃ. Paṭhamapārājike saṅgahamārūḷhe pañca arahantasatāni saṅgahaṃ āropitanayeneva gaṇasajjhāyamakaṃsu – ‘‘tena samayena buddho bhagavā verañjāyaṃ viharatī’’ti. Tesaṃ sajjhāyāraddhakāleyeva sādhukāraṃ dadamānā viya mahāpathavī udakapariyantaṃ katvā akampittha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Eteneva nayena sesāni tīṇi pārājikāni saṅgahaṃ āropetvā ‘‘idaṃ pārājikakaṇḍa’’nti ṭhapesuṃ. Terasa saṅghādisesāni ‘‘terasaka’’nti ṭhapesuṃ. Dve sikkhāpadāni ‘‘aniyatānī’’ti ṭhapesuṃ. Tiṃsa sikkhāpadāni ‘‘nissaggiyāni pācittiyānī’’ti ṭhapesuṃ<a name="P1.0013"></a>. Dvenavuti sikkhāpadāni ‘‘pācittiyānī’’ti ṭhapesuṃ. Cattāri sikkhāpadāni ‘‘pāṭidesanīyānī’’ti <a name="V1.0013"></a> ṭhapesuṃ. Pañcasattati sikkhāpadāni ‘‘sekhiyānī’’ti ṭhapesuṃ. Satta dhamme ‘‘adhikaraṇasamathā’’ti ṭhapesuṃ. Evaṃ sattavīsādhikāni dve sikkhāpadasatāni ‘‘mahāvibhaṅgo’’ti kittetvā ṭhapesuṃ. Mahāvibhaṅgāvasānepi purimanayeneva mahāpathavī akampittha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tato bhikkhunīvibhaṅge aṭṭha sikkhāpadāni ‘‘pārājikakaṇḍaṃ nāma ida’’nti ṭhapesuṃ. Sattarasa sikkhāpadāni ‘‘sattarasaka’’nti ṭhapesuṃ. Tiṃsa sikkhāpadāni ‘‘nissaggiyāni pācittiyānī’’ti ṭhapesuṃ. Chasaṭṭhisatasikkhāpadāni ‘‘pācittiyānī’’ti ṭhapesuṃ. Aṭṭha sikkhāpadāni ‘‘pāṭidesanīyānī’’ti ṭhapesuṃ. Pañcasattati sikkhāpadāni ‘‘sekhiyānī’’ti ṭhapesuṃ. Satta dhamme ‘‘adhikaraṇasamathā’’ti ṭhapesuṃ. Evaṃ tīṇi sikkhāpadasatāni cattāri ca sikkhāpadāni ‘‘bhikkhunīvibhaṅgo’’ti kittetvā – ‘‘ayaṃ ubhato vibhaṅgo nāma catusaṭṭhibhāṇavāro’’ti ṭhapesuṃ. Ubhatovibhaṅgāvasānepi vuttanayeneva mahāpathavikampo ahosi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Etenevupāyena asītibhāṇavāraparimāṇaṃ khandhakaṃ, pañcavīsatibhāṇavāraparimāṇaṃ parivārañca saṅgahaṃ āropetvā ‘‘idaṃ <span class="bld">vinayapiṭakaṃ</span> nāmā’’ti ṭhapesuṃ<a name="M1.0014"></a>. Vinayapiṭakāvasānepi vuttanayeneva mahāpathavikampo ahosi. Taṃ āyasmantaṃ upāliṃ paṭicchāpesuṃ – ‘‘āvuso, imaṃ tuyhaṃ nissitake vācehī’’ti. Vinayapiṭakasaṅgahāvasāne upālitthero dantakhacitaṃ bījaniṃ nikkhipitvā dhammāsanā orohitvā there bhikkhū vanditvā attano pattāsane nisīdi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vinayaṃ saṅgāyitvā dhammaṃ saṅgāyitukāmo āyasmā mahākassapo bhikkhū pucchi – ‘‘dhammaṃ saṅgāyante hi kaṃ puggalaṃ dhuraṃ katvā dhammo saṅgāyitabbo’’ti? Bhikkhū – ‘‘ānandattheraṃ dhuraṃ katvā’’ti āhaṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo saṅghaṃ ñāpesi –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Suṇātu me, āvuso, saṅgho, yadi saṅghassa <a name="P1.0014"></a> pattakallaṃ,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Ahaṃ ānandaṃ dhammaṃ puccheyya’’nti;</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha kho āyasmā ānando saṅghaṃ ñāpesi –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Suṇātu <a name="V1.0014"></a> me, bhante, saṅgho, yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Ahaṃ āyasmatā mahākassapena dhammaṃ puṭṭho vissajjeyya’’nti;</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha kho āyasmā ānando uṭṭhāyāsanā ekaṃsaṃ cīvaraṃ katvā there bhikkhū vanditvā dhammāsane nisīdi dantakhacitaṃ bījaniṃ gahetvā. Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo bhikkhū pucchi – ‘‘kataraṃ, āvuso, piṭakaṃ paṭhamaṃ saṅgāyāmā’’ti? ‘‘Suttantapiṭakaṃ, bhante’’ti. ‘‘Suttantapiṭake catasso saṅgītiyo, tāsu paṭhamaṃ kataraṃ saṅgīti’’nti? ‘‘Dīghasaṅgītiṃ, bhante’’ti. ‘‘Dīghasaṅgītiyaṃ catutiṃsa suttāni, tayo vaggā, tesu paṭhamaṃ kataraṃ vagga’’nti? ‘‘Sīlakkhandhavaggaṃ, bhante’’ti. ‘‘Sīlakkhandhavagge terasa suttantā, tesu paṭhamaṃ kataraṃ sutta’’nti? ‘‘Brahmajālasuttaṃ nāma bhante, tividhasīlālaṅkataṃ, nānāvidhamicchājīvakuha lapanādividdhaṃsanaṃ, dvāsaṭṭhidiṭṭhijālaviniveṭhanaṃ, dasasahassilokadhātukampanaṃ, taṃ paṭhamaṃ saṅgāyāmā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavoca, ‘‘brahmajālaṃ, āvuso ānanda, kattha bhāsita’’nti? ‘‘Antarā ca, bhante, rājagahaṃ antarā ca nāḷandaṃ rājāgārake ambalaṭṭhikāya’’nti. ‘‘Kaṃ ārabbhā’’ti<a name="M1.0015"></a>? ‘‘Suppiyañca paribbājakaṃ, brahmadattañca māṇava’’nti. ‘‘Kismiṃ vatthusmi’’nti? ‘‘Vaṇṇāvaṇṇe’’ti. Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ brahmajālassa nidānampi pucchi, puggalampi pucchi, vatthumpi pucchi (cūḷava. 440). Āyasmā ānando vissajjesi. Vissajjanāvasāne pañca arahantasatāni gaṇasajjhāyamakaṃsu. Vuttanayeneva ca pathavikampo ahosi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ brahmajālaṃ saṅgāyitvā tato paraṃ ‘‘sāmaññaphalaṃ, panāvuso ānanda, kattha bhāsita’’ntiādinā nayena pucchāvissajjanānukkamena saddhiṃ brahmajālena sabbepi terasa suttante saṅgāyitvā – ‘‘ayaṃ sīlakkhandhavaggo nāmā’’ti kittetvā ṭhapesuṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tadanantaraṃ mahāvaggaṃ, tadanantaraṃ pāthikavagganti, evaṃ tivaggasaṅgahaṃ catutiṃsasuttapaṭimaṇḍitaṃ <a name="P1.0015"></a> catusaṭṭhibhāṇavāraparimāṇaṃ tantiṃ saṅgāyitvā ‘‘ayaṃ <span class="bld">dīghanikāyo</span> nāmā’’ti vatvā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ paṭicchāpesuṃ – ‘‘āvuso, imaṃ tuyhaṃ nissitake vācehī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tato <a name="V1.0015"></a> anantaraṃ asītibhāṇavāraparimāṇaṃ <span class="bld">majjhimanikāyaṃ</span> saṅgāyitvā dhammasenāpatisāriputtattherassa nissitake paṭicchāpesuṃ – ‘‘imaṃ tumhe pariharathā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tato anantaraṃ satabhāṇavāraparimāṇaṃ <span class="bld">saṃyuttanikāyaṃ</span> saṅgāyitvā mahākassapattheraṃ paṭicchāpesuṃ – ‘‘bhante, imaṃ tumhākaṃ nissitake vācethā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tato anantaraṃ vīsatibhāṇavārasataparimāṇaṃ <span class="bld">aṅguttaranikāyaṃ</span> saṅgāyitvā anuruddhattheraṃ paṭicchāpesuṃ – ‘‘imaṃ tumhākaṃ nissitake vācethā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tato anantaraṃ dhammasaṅgahavibhaṅgadhātukathāpuggalapaññattikathāvatthuyamakapaṭṭhānaṃ abhidhammoti vuccati. Evaṃ saṃvaṇṇitaṃ sukhumañāṇagocaraṃ tantiṃ saṅgāyitvā – ‘‘idaṃ <span class="bld">abhidhammapiṭakaṃ</span> nāmā’’ti vatvā pañca arahantasatāni sajjhāyamakaṃsu. Vuttanayeneva pathavikampo ahosīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tato paraṃ jātakaṃ, niddeso, paṭisambhidāmaggo, apadānaṃ, suttanipāto, khuddakapāṭho, dhammapadaṃ, udānaṃ, itivuttakaṃ, vimānavatthu, petavatthu, theragāthā<a name="M1.0016"></a>, therīgāthāti imaṃ tantiṃ saṅgāyitvā <span class="bld">‘‘khuddakagantho</span> nāmāya’’nti ca vatvā ‘‘abhidhammapiṭakasmiṃyeva saṅgahaṃ āropayiṃsū’’ti dīghabhāṇakā vadanti. Majjhimabhāṇakā pana ‘‘cariyāpiṭakabuddhavaṃsehi saddhiṃ sabbampetaṃ khuddakaganthaṃ nāma suttantapiṭake pariyāpanna’’nti vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evametaṃ sabbampi buddhavacanaṃ rasavasena ekavidhaṃ, dhammavinayavasena duvidhaṃ, paṭhamamajjhimapacchimavasena tividhaṃ. Tathā piṭakavasena. Nikāyavasena pañcavidhaṃ, aṅgavasena navavidhaṃ, dhammakkhandhavasena caturāsītisahassavidhanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ <span class="bld">rasavasena ekavidhaṃ?</span> Yañhi bhagavatā anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambujjhitvā yāva anupādisesāya <a name="P1.0016"></a> nibbānadhātuyā parinibbāyati, etthantare pañcacattālīsavassāni devamanussanāgayakkhādayo anusāsantena vā paccavekkhantena vā vuttaṃ, sabbaṃ taṃ ekarasaṃ vimuttirasameva hoti. Evaṃ rasavasena ekavidhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ <span class="bld">dhammavinayavasena duvidhaṃ?</span> Sabbameva cetaṃ dhammo ceva vinayo cāti saṅkhyaṃ gacchati. Tattha vinayapiṭakaṃ vinayo, avasesaṃ buddhavacanaṃ dhammo. Tenevāha ‘‘yannūna mayaṃ dhammañca <a name="V1.0016"></a> vinayañca saṅgāyeyyāmā’’ti (cūḷava. 437). ‘‘Ahaṃ upāliṃ vinayaṃ puccheyyaṃ, ānandaṃ dhammaṃ puccheyya’’nti ca. Evaṃ dhammavinayavasena duvidhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ <span class="bld">paṭhamamajjhimapacchimavasena tividhaṃ?</span> Sabbameva hidaṃ paṭhamabuddhavacanaṃ, majjhimabuddhavacanaṃ, pacchimabuddhavacananti tippabhedaṃ hoti. Tattha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Anekajātisaṃsāraṃ, sandhāvissaṃ anibbisaṃ;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Gahakāraṃ gavesanto, dukkhā jāti punappunaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha3">Gahakāraka diṭṭhosi, puna gehaṃ na kāhasi;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Sabbā te phāsukā bhaggā, gahakūṭaṃ visaṅkhataṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Visaṅkhāragataṃ cittaṃ, taṇhānaṃ khayamajjhagā’’ti. (dha. pa. 153-54);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idaṃ paṭhamabuddhavacanaṃ. Keci ‘‘yadā have pātubhavanti dhammā’’ti (mahāva. 1) khandhake udānagāthaṃ vadanti. Esā pana pāṭipadadivase sabbaññubhāvappattassa somanassamayañāṇena paccayākāraṃ paccavekkhantassa uppannā udānagāthāti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yaṃ <a name="M1.0017"></a> pana parinibbānakāle abhāsi – ‘‘handa dāni, bhikkhave, āmantayāmi vo, vayadhammā saṅkhārā, appamādena sampādethā’’ti (dī. ni. 2.218) idaṃ pacchimabuddhavacanaṃ. Ubhinnamantare yaṃ vuttaṃ, etaṃ majjhimabuddhavacanaṃ nāma. Evaṃ paṭhamamajjhimapacchimabuddhavacanavasena tividhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ <span class="bld">piṭakavasena tividhaṃ?</span> Sabbampi cetaṃ vinayapiṭakaṃ suttantapiṭakaṃ abhidhammapiṭakanti tippabhedameva <a name="P1.0017"></a> hoti. Tattha paṭhamasaṅgītiyaṃ saṅgītañca asaṅgītañca sabbampi samodhānetvā ubhayāni pātimokkhāni, dve vibhaṅgā, dvāvīsati khandhakā, soḷasaparivārāti – idaṃ <span class="bld">vinayapiṭakaṃ</span> nāma. Brahmajālādicatuttiṃsasuttasaṅgaho dīghanikāyo, mūlapariyāyasuttādidiyaḍḍhasatadvesuttasaṅgaho majjhimanikāyo, oghataraṇasuttādisattasuttasahassasattasatadvāsaṭṭhisuttasaṅgaho saṃyuttanikāyo, cittapariyādānasuttādinavasuttasahassapañcasatasattapaññāsasuttasaṅgaho aṅguttaranikāyo, khuddakapāṭha-dhammapada-udāna-itivuttaka-suttanipāta-vimānavatthu-petavatthu-theragāthā-therīgāthā-jātaka-niddesa-paṭisambhidāmagga-apadāna-buddhavaṃsa-cariyāpiṭakavasena pannarasappabhedo khuddakanikāyoti <a name="V1.0017"></a> idaṃ <span class="bld">suttantapiṭakaṃ</span> nāma. Dhammasaṅgaho, vibhaṅgo, dhātukathā, puggalapaññatti, kathāvatthu, yamakaṃ, paṭṭhānanti – idaṃ <span class="bld">abhidhammapiṭakaṃ</span> nāma. Tattha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Vividhavisesanayattā, vinayanato ceva kāyavācānaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Vinayatthavidūhi ayaṃ, vinayo vinayoti akkhāto’’.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vividhā hi ettha pañcavidhapātimokkhuddesapārājikādi satta āpattikkhandhamātikā vibhaṅgādippabhedā nayā. Visesabhūtā ca daḷhīkammasithilakaraṇappayojanā anupaññattinayā. Kāyikavācasikaajjhācāranisedhanato cesa kāyaṃ vācañca vineti, tasmā vividhanayattā visesanayattā kāyavācānaṃ vinayanato ceva vinayoti akkhāto. Tenetametassa vacanatthakosallatthaṃ vuttaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Vividhavisesanayattā, vinayanato ceva kāyavācānaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Vinayatthavidūhi ayaṃ, vinayo vinayoti akkhāto’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Itaraṃ <a name="M1.0018"></a> pana –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Atthānaṃ sūcanato suvuttato, savanatotha sūdanato;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Suttāṇā suttasabhāgato ca, suttanti akkhātaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tañhi attatthaparatthādibhede atthe sūceti. Suvuttā cettha atthā, veneyyajjhāsayānulomena vuttattā. Savati cetaṃ atthe sassamiva phalaṃ, pasavatīti vuttaṃ hoti. Sūdati cetaṃ dhenu viya khīraṃ, paggharāpetīti vuttaṃ hoti. Suṭṭhu <a name="P1.0018"></a> ca ne tāyati, rakkhatīti vuttaṃ hoti. Suttasabhāgañcetaṃ, yathā hi tacchakānaṃ suttaṃ pamāṇaṃ hoti, evametampi viññūnaṃ. Yathā ca suttena saṅgahitāni pupphāni na vikirīyanti, na viddhaṃsīyanti, evameva tena saṅgahitā atthā. Tenetametassa vacanatthakosallatthaṃ vuttaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Atthānaṃ sūcanato, suvuttato savanatotha sūdanato;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Suttāṇā suttasabhāgato ca, suttanti akkhāta’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Itaro <a name="V1.0018"></a> pana –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yaṃ ettha vuḍḍhimanto, salakkhaṇā pūjitā paricchinnā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Vuttādhikā ca dhammā, abhidhammo tena akkhāto’’.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ayañhi abhisaddo vuḍḍhilakkhaṇapūjitaparicchinnādhikesu dissati. Tathā hesa ‘‘bāḷhā me dukkhā vedanā abhikkamanti, no paṭikkamantī’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 3.389) vuḍḍhiyaṃ āgato. ‘‘Yā tā rattiyo abhiññātā abhilakkhitā’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.49) salakkhaṇe. ‘‘Rājābhirājā manujindo’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 2.399) pūjite. ‘‘Paṭibalo vinetuṃ abhidhamme abhivinaye’’tiādīsu (mahāva. 85) paricchinne. Aññamaññasaṅkaravirahite dhamme ca vinaye cāti vuttaṃ hoti. ‘‘Abhikkantena vaṇṇenā’’tiādīsu (vi. va. 819) adhike.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca ‘‘rūpūpapattiyā maggaṃ bhāveti’’ (dha. sa. 251), ‘‘mettāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharatī’’tiādinā (vibha. 642) nayena vuḍḍhimantopi dhammā vuttā. ‘‘Rūpārammaṇaṃ vā saddārammaṇaṃ vā’’tiādinā (dha. sa. 1) nayena ārammaṇādīhi lakkhaṇīyattā <a name="M1.0019"></a> salakkhaṇāpi. ‘‘Sekkhā dhammā, asekkhā dhammā, lokuttarā dhammā’’tiādinā (dha. sa. tikamātikā 11, dukamātikā 12) nayena pūjitāpi, pūjārahāti adhippāyo. ‘‘Phasso hoti, vedanā hotī’’tiādinā (dha. sa. 1) nayena sabhāvaparicchinnattā paricchinnāpi. ‘‘Mahaggatā dhammā, appamāṇā dhammā (dha. sa. tikamātikā 11), anuttarā dhammā’’tiādinā (dha. sa. dukamātikā 11) nayena adhikāpi dhammā vuttā. Tenetametassa vacanatthakosallatthaṃ vuttaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yaṃ ettha vuḍḍhimanto, salakkhaṇā pūjitā paricchinnā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Vuttādhikā ca dhammā, abhidhammo tena akkhāto’’ti.</p>
<p class="unindented">Yaṃ panettha avisiṭṭhaṃ, taṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Piṭakaṃ piṭakatthavidū, pariyattibbhājanatthato āhu;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tena samodhānetvā, tayopi vinayādayo ñeyyā’’.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pariyattipi <a name="V1.0019"></a> hi ‘‘mā piṭakasampadānenā’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 3.66) piṭakanti vuccati. ‘‘Atha puriso āgaccheyya kudālapiṭakamādāyā’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 3.70) yaṃ kiñci bhājanampi. Tasmā ‘piṭakaṃ piṭakatthavidū pariyattibhājanatthato āhu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni <span class="bld">‘tena samodhānetvā</span> <a name="P1.0019"></a> <span class="bld">tayopi vinayādayo ñeyyā’</span>ti, tena evaṃ duvidhatthena piṭakasaddena saha samāsaṃ katvā vinayo ca so piṭakañca pariyattibhāvato, tassa tassa atthassa bhājanato cāti vinayapiṭakaṃ, yathāvutteneva nayena suttantañca taṃ piṭakañcāti suttantapiṭakaṃ, abhidhammo ca so piṭakañcāti abhidhammapiṭakanti. Evamete tayopi vinayādayo ñeyyā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ ñatvā ca punapi tesuyeva piṭakesu nānappakārakosallatthaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Desanāsāsanakathābhedaṃ tesu yathārahaṃ;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Sikkhāppahānagambhīrabhāvañca paridīpaye.</p>
<p class="gatha3">Pariyattibhedaṃ sampattiṃ, vipattiñcāpi yaṃ yahiṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Pāpuṇāti yathā bhikkhu, tampi sabbaṃ vibhāvaye’’.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatrāyaṃ paridīpanā vibhāvanā ca. Etāni hi tīṇi piṭakāni yathākkamaṃ āṇāvohāraparamatthadesanā, yathāparādhayathānulomayathādhammasāsanāni, saṃvarāsaṃvaradiṭṭhiviniveṭhananāmarūpaparicchedakathāti ca vuccanti. Ettha <a name="M1.0020"></a> hi vinayapiṭakaṃ āṇārahena bhagavatā āṇābāhullato desitattā <span class="bld">āṇādesanā,</span> suttantapiṭakaṃ vohārakusalena bhagavatā vohārabāhullato desitattā <span class="bld">vohāradesanā,</span> abhidhammapiṭakaṃ paramatthakusalena bhagavatā paramatthabāhullato desitattā <span class="bld">paramatthadesanā</span>ti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā paṭhamaṃ – ‘ye te pacurāparādhā sattā, te yathāparādhaṃ ettha sāsitā’ti <span class="bld">yathāparādhasāsanaṃ,</span> dutiyaṃ – ‘anekajjhāsayānusayacariyādhimuttikā sattā yathānulomaṃ ettha sāsitā’ti <span class="bld">yathānulomasāsanaṃ,</span> tatiyaṃ – ‘dhammapuñjamatte ‘‘ahaṃ mamā’’ti saññino sattā yathādhammaṃ ettha sāsitā’ti <span class="bld">yathādhammasāsana</span>nti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā paṭhamaṃ – ajjhācārapaṭipakkhabhūto saṃvarāsaṃvaro ettha kathitoti <span class="bld">saṃvarāsaṃvarakathā.</span> Saṃvarāsaṃvaroti <a name="V1.0020"></a> khuddako ceva mahanto ca saṃvaro, kammākammaṃ viya, phalāphalaṃ viya ca, dutiyaṃ – ‘‘dvāsaṭṭhidiṭṭhipaṭipakkhabhūtā diṭṭhiviniveṭhanā ettha kathitā’’ti <span class="bld">diṭṭhiviniveṭhanakathā,</span> tatiyaṃ – ‘‘rāgādipaṭipakkhabhūto nāmarūpaparicchedo ettha kathito’’ti <span class="bld">nāmarūpaparicchedakathā</span>ti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tīsupi cetesu tisso sikkhā, tīṇi pahānāni, catubbidho ca gambhīrabhāvo veditabbo. Tathā hi vinayapiṭake visesena <span class="bld">adhisīlasikkhā</span> vuttā, suttantapiṭake <span class="bld">adhicittasikkhā,</span> abhidhammapiṭake <span class="bld">adhipaññāsikkhā.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext">Vinayapiṭake ca <span class="bld">vītikkamappahānaṃ</span><a name="P1.0020"></a>, kilesānaṃ vītikkamapaṭipakkhattā sīlassa. Suttantapiṭake <span class="bld">pariyuṭṭhānappahānaṃ,</span> pariyuṭṭhānapaṭipakkhattā samādhissa. Abhidhammapiṭake <span class="bld">anusayappahānaṃ,</span> anusayapaṭipakkhattā paññāya. Paṭhame ca <span class="bld">tadaṅgappahānaṃ,</span> itaresu <span class="bld">vikkhambhanasamucchedappahānāni.</span> Paṭhame ca duccaritasaṃkilesappahānaṃ, itaresu <span class="bld">taṇhādiṭṭhisaṃkilesappahānaṃ.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext">Ekamekasmiñcettha catubbidhopi dhammatthadesanā paṭivedhagambhīrabhāvo veditabbo. Tattha <span class="bld">dhammo</span>ti tanti. <span class="bld">Attho</span>ti tassāyeva attho. <span class="bld">Desanā</span>ti tassā manasā vavatthāpitāya tantiyā desanā. <span class="bld">Paṭivedho</span>ti tantiyā tantiatthassa ca yathābhūtāvabodho. Tīsupi cetesu ete dhammatthadesanāpaṭivedhā. Yasmā sasādīhi viya mahāsamuddo <a name="M1.0021"></a> mandabuddhīhi dukkhogāḷhā alabbhaneyyapatiṭṭhā ca, tasmā gambhīrā. Evaṃ ekamekasmiṃ ettha catubbidhopi gambhīrabhāvo veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparo nayo, <span class="bld">dhammo</span>ti hetu. Vuttañhetaṃ – ‘‘hetumhi ñāṇaṃ dhammapaṭisambhidā’’ti. <span class="bld">Attho</span>ti hetuphalaṃ, vuttañhetaṃ – ‘‘hetuphale ñāṇaṃ atthapaṭisambhidā’’ti (vibha. 720). <span class="bld">Desanā</span>ti paññatti, yathā dhammaṃ dhammābhilāpoti adhippāyo. Anulomapaṭilomasaṅkhepavitthārādivasena vā kathanaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭivedho</span>ti abhisamayo, so ca lokiyalokuttaro visayato asammohato ca, atthānurūpaṃ dhammesu, dhammānurūpaṃ atthesu, paññattipathānurūpaṃ paññattīsu avabodho. Tesaṃ tesaṃ vā tattha tattha vuttadhammānaṃ paṭivijjhitabbo salakkhaṇasaṅkhāto aviparītasabhāvo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni <a name="V1.0021"></a> yasmā etesu piṭakesu yaṃ yaṃ dhammajātaṃ vā atthajātaṃ vā, yā cāyaṃ yathā yathā ñāpetabbo attho sotūnaṃ ñāṇassa abhimukho hoti, tathā tathā tadatthajotikā desanā, yo cettha aviparītāvabodhasaṅkhāto paṭivedho, tesaṃ tesaṃ vā dhammānaṃ paṭivijjhitabbo salakkhaṇasaṅkhāto aviparītasabhāvo. Sabbampetaṃ anupacitakusalasambhārehi duppaññehi sasādīhi viya mahāsamuddo dukkhogāḷhaṃ alabbhaneyyapatiṭṭhañca, tasmā gambhīraṃ. Evampi ekamekasmiṃ ettha catubbidhopi gambhīrabhāvo veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettāvatā ca –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Desanāsāsanakathā, bhedaṃ tesu yathārahaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sikkhāppahānagambhīra, bhāvañca paridīpaye’’ti <a name="P1.0021"></a> –</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ayaṃ gāthā vuttatthāva hoti.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Pariyattibhedaṃ sampattiṃ, vipattiñcāpi yaṃ yahiṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Pāpuṇāti yathā bhikkhu, tampi sabbaṃ vibhāvaye’’ti –</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha pana tīsu piṭakesu tividho pariyattibhedo daṭṭhabbo. Tisso hi pariyattiyo – alagaddūpamā, nissaraṇatthā, bhaṇḍāgārikapariyattīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha yā duggahitā, upārambhādihetu pariyāpuṭā, ayaṃ <span class="bld">alagaddūpamā.</span> Yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ ‘‘seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, puriso alagaddatthiko alagaddagavesī <a name="M1.0022"></a> alagaddapariyesanaṃ caramāno, so passeyya mahantaṃ alagaddaṃ, tamenaṃ bhoge vā naṅguṭṭhe vā gaṇheyya, tassa so alagaddo paṭiparivattitvā hatthe vā bāhāyaṃ vā aññatarasmiṃ vā aṅgapaccaṅge ḍaṃseyya, so tato nidānaṃ maraṇaṃ vā nigaccheyya, maraṇamattaṃ vā dukkhaṃ. Taṃ kissa hetu? Duggahitattā, bhikkhave, alagaddassa. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, idhekacce moghapurisā dhammaṃ pariyāpuṇanti, suttaṃ…pe… vedallaṃ, te taṃ dhammaṃ pariyāpuṇitvā tesaṃ dhammānaṃ paññāya atthaṃ na upaparikkhanti, tesaṃ te dhammā paññāya atthaṃ anupaparikkhataṃ na nijjhānaṃ khamanti, te upārambhānisaṃsā ceva dhammaṃ pariyāpuṇanti, itivādappamokkhānisaṃsā ca, yassa catthāya dhammaṃ pariyāpuṇanti, tañcassa atthaṃ <a name="V1.0022"></a> nānubhonti, tesaṃ te dhammā duggahitā dīgharattaṃ ahitāya dukkhāya saṃvattanti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Duggahitattā, bhikkhave, dhammāna’’nti (ma. ni. 1.238).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yā pana suggahitā sīlakkhandhādipāripūriṃyeva ākaṅkhamānena pariyāpuṭā, na upārambhādihetu, ayaṃ <span class="bld">nissaraṇatthā.</span> Yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ – ‘‘tesaṃ te dhammā suggahitā dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāya saṃvattanti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Suggahitattā, bhikkhave, dhammāna’’nti (ma. ni. 1.239).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yaṃ pana pariññātakkhandho pahīnakileso bhāvitamaggo paṭividdhākuppo sacchikatanirodho khīṇāsavo kevalaṃ paveṇīpālanatthāya vaṃsānurakkhaṇatthāya pariyāpuṇāti, ayaṃ <span class="bld">bhaṇḍāgārikapariyattī</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vinaye pana suppaṭipanno bhikkhu sīlasampadaṃ nissāya tisso vijjā pāpuṇāti, tāsaṃyeva ca tattha pabhedavacanato. Sutte suppaṭipanno samādhisampadaṃ nissāya cha abhiññā pāpuṇāti, tāsaṃyeva ca tattha pabhedavacanato. Abhidhamme suppaṭipanno paññāsampadaṃ <a name="P1.0022"></a> nissāya catasso paṭisambhidā pāpuṇāti, tāsañca tattheva pabhedavacanato, evametesu suppaṭipanno yathākkamena imaṃ vijjāttayachaḷabhiññācatuppaṭisambhidābhedaṃ sampattiṃ pāpuṇāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vinaye pana duppaṭipanno anuññātasukhasamphassaattharaṇapāvuraṇādiphassasāmaññato paṭikkhittesu upādinnakaphassādīsu anavajjasaññī hoti. Vuttampi <a name="M1.0023"></a> hetaṃ – ‘‘tathāhaṃ bhagavatā dhammaṃ desitaṃ ājānāmi, yathā ye me antarāyikā dhammā antarāyikā vuttā bhagavatā, te paṭisevato nālaṃ antarāyāyā’’ti (ma. ni. 1.234). Tato dussīlabhāvaṃ pāpuṇāti. Sutte duppaṭipanno – ‘‘cattāro me, bhikkhave, puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 4.5) adhippāyaṃ ajānanto duggahitaṃ gaṇhāti, yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ – ‘‘attanā duggahitena amhe ceva abbhācikkhati, attānañca khaṇati, bahuñca apuññaṃ pasavatī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.236). Tato micchādiṭṭhitaṃ pāpuṇāti. Abhidhamme duppaṭipanno dhammacintaṃ atidhāvanto acinteyyānipi cinteti. Tato cittakkhepaṃ pāpuṇāti, vuttañhetaṃ – ‘‘cattārimāni, bhikkhave, acinteyyāni, na cintetabbāni, yāni cintento ummādassa vighātassa bhāgī assā’’ti (a. ni. 4.77). Evametesu duppaṭipanno yathākkamena imaṃ dussīlabhāva micchādiṭṭhitā cittakkhepabhedaṃ vipattiṃ pāpuṇātī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettāvatā <a name="V1.0023"></a> ca –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Pariyattibhedaṃ sampattiṃ, vipattiñcāpi yaṃ yahiṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Pāpuṇāti yathā bhikkhu, tampi sabbaṃ vibhāvaye’’ti –</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ayampi gāthā vuttatthāva hoti. Evaṃ nānappakārato piṭakāni ñatvā tesaṃ vasenetaṃ buddhavacanaṃ tividhanti ñātabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ nikāyavasena pañcavidhaṃ? Sabbameva cetaṃ dīghanikāyo, majjhimanikāyo, saṃyuttanikāyo, aṅguttaranikāyo, khuddakanikāyoti pañcappabhedaṃ hoti. Tattha katamo <span class="bld">dīghanikāyo?</span> Tivaggasaṅgahāni brahmajālādīni catuttiṃsa suttāni.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Catuttiṃseva suttantā, tivaggo yassa saṅgaho;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Esa dīghanikāyoti, paṭhamo anulomiko’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kasmā <a name="P1.0023"></a> panesa dīghanikāyoti vuccati? Dīghappamāṇānaṃ suttānaṃ samūhato nivāsato ca. Samūhanivāsā hi nikāyoti vuccanti. ‘‘Nāhaṃ, bhikkhave, aññaṃ ekanikāyampi samanupassāmi evaṃ cittaṃ, yathayidaṃ, bhikkhave<a name="M1.0024"></a>, tiracchānagatā pāṇā’’ (saṃ. ni. 2.100). Poṇikanikāyo cikkhallikanikāyoti evamādīni cettha sādhakāni sāsanato lokato ca. Evaṃ sesānampi nikāyabhāve vacanattho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Katamo <span class="bld">majjhimanikāyo?</span> Majjhimappamāṇāni pañcadasavaggasaṅgahāni mūlapariyāyasuttādīni diyaḍḍhasataṃ dve ca suttāni.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Diyaḍḍhasatasuttantā, dve ca suttāni yattha so;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Nikāyo majjhimo pañca, dasavaggapariggaho’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Katamo <span class="bld">saṃyuttanikāyo?</span> Devatāsaṃyuttādivasena kathitāni oghataraṇādīni satta suttasahassāni satta ca suttasatāni dvāsaṭṭhi ca suttāni.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Sattasuttasahassāni<a name="V1.0024"></a>, sattasuttasatāni ca;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Dvāsaṭṭhi ceva suttantā, eso saṃyuttasaṅgaho’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Katamo <span class="bld">aṅguttaranikāyo?</span> Ekekaaṅgātirekavasena kathitāni cittapariyādānādīni nava suttasahassāni pañca suttasatāni sattapaññāsañca suttāni.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Nava suttasahassāni, pañca suttasatāni ca;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sattapaññāsa suttāni, saṅkhyā aṅguttare aya’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Katamo <span class="bld">khuddakanikāyo?</span> Sakalaṃ vinayapiṭakaṃ, abhidhammapiṭakaṃ, khuddakapāṭhādayo ca pubbe dassitā pañcadasappabhedā, ṭhapetvā cattāro nikāye avasesaṃ buddhavacanaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Ṭhapetvā caturopete, nikāye dīghaādike;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tadaññaṃ buddhavacanaṃ, nikāyo khuddako mato’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ nikāyavasena pañcavidhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ aṅgavasena navavidhaṃ? Sabbameva hidaṃ suttaṃ, geyyaṃ, veyyākaraṇaṃ, gāthā, udānaṃ, itivuttakaṃ, jātakaṃ, abbhutadhammaṃ, vedallanti navappabhedaṃ hoti. Tattha ubhatovibhaṅganiddesakhandhakaparivārā, suttanipāte maṅgalasuttaratanasuttanālakasuttatuvaṭṭakasuttāni ca aññampi ca suttanāmakaṃ tathāgatavacanaṃ <a name="M1.0025"></a> <span class="bld">sutta</span>nti veditabbaṃ. Sabbampi sagāthakaṃ suttaṃ <span class="bld">geyya</span>nti <a name="P1.0024"></a> veditabbaṃ. Visesena saṃyuttake sakalopi sagāthavaggo, sakalampi abhidhammapiṭakaṃ, niggāthakaṃ suttaṃ, yañca aññampi aṭṭhahi aṅgehi asaṅgahitaṃ buddhavacanaṃ, taṃ <span class="bld">veyyākaraṇa</span>nti veditabbaṃ. Dhammapadaṃ, theragāthā, therīgāthā, suttanipāte nosuttanāmikā suddhikagāthā ca <span class="bld">gāthā</span>ti veditabbā. Somanassaññāṇamayikagāthā paṭisaṃyuttā dveasīti suttantā <span class="bld">udāna</span>nti veditabbaṃ. ‘‘Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā’’tiādinayappavattā dasuttarasatasuttantā <span class="bld">itivuttaka</span>nti veditabbaṃ. Apaṇṇakajātakādīni paññāsādhikāni pañcajātakasatāni <span class="bld">‘jātaka’</span>nti veditabbaṃ. ‘‘Cattārome, bhikkhave, acchariyā abbhutā dhammā ānande’’tiādinayappavattā (dī. ni. 2.209) sabbepi acchariyabbhutadhammapaṭisaṃyuttasuttantā <span class="bld">abbhutadhamma</span>nti veditabbaṃ. Cūḷavedalla-mahāvedalla-sammādiṭṭhi-sakkapañha-saṅkhārabhājaniya-mahāpuṇṇamasuttādayo <a name="V1.0025"></a> sabbepi vedañca tuṭṭhiñca laddhā laddhā pucchitasuttantā <span class="bld">vedalla</span>nti veditabbaṃ. Evaṃ aṅgavasena navavidhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ dhammakkhandhavasena caturāsītisahassavidhaṃ? Sabbameva cetaṃ buddhavacanaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Dvāsīti buddhato gaṇhiṃ, dve sahassāni bhikkhuto;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Caturāsīti sahassāni, ye me dhammā pavattino’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ paridīpitadhammakkhandhavasena caturāsītisahassappabhedaṃ hoti. Tattha ekānusandhikaṃ suttaṃ eko dhammakkhandho. Yaṃ anekānusandhikaṃ, tattha anusandhivasena dhammakkhandhagaṇanā. Gāthābandhesu pañhāpucchanaṃ eko dhammakkhandho, vissajjanaṃ eko. Abhidhamme ekamekaṃ tikadukabhājanaṃ, ekamekañca cittavārabhājanaṃ, ekameko dhammakkhandho. Vinaye atthi vatthu, atthi mātikā, atthi padabhājanīyaṃ, atthi antarāpatti, atthi āpatti, atthi anāpatti, atthi tikacchedo. Tattha ekameko koṭṭhāso ekameko dhammakkhandhoti veditabbo. Evaṃ dhammakkhandhavasena caturāsītisahassavidhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evametaṃ abhedato rasavasena ekavidhaṃ, bhedato dhammavinayādivasena <a name="P1.0025"></a> duvidhādibhedaṃ buddhavacanaṃ saṅgāyantena mahākassapappamukhena vasīgaṇena ‘‘ayaṃ <a name="M1.0026"></a> dhammo, ayaṃ vinayo, idaṃ paṭhamabuddhavacanaṃ, idaṃ majjhimabuddhavacanaṃ, idaṃ pacchimabuddhavacanaṃ, idaṃ vinayapiṭakaṃ, idaṃ suttantapiṭakaṃ, idaṃ abhidhammapiṭakaṃ, ayaṃ dīghanikāyo…pe… ayaṃ khuddakanikāyo, imāni suttādīni navaṅgāni, imāni caturāsīti dhammakkhandhasahassānī’’ti, imaṃ pabhedaṃ vavatthapetvāva saṅgītaṃ. Na kevalañca imameva, aññampi uddānasaṅgaha-vaggasaṅgaha-peyyālasaṅgaha-ekakanipāta-dukanipātādinipātasaṅgaha-saṃyuttasaṅgaha-paṇṇāsasaṅgahādi-anekavidhaṃ tīsu piṭakesu sandissamānaṃ saṅgahappabhedaṃ vavatthapetvā eva sattahi māsehi saṅgītaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Saṅgītipariyosāne cassa – ‘‘idaṃ mahākassapattherena dasabalassa sāsanaṃ pañcavassasahassaparimāṇakālaṃ pavattanasamatthaṃ kata’’nti sañjātappamodā sādhukāraṃ viya dadamānā ayaṃ mahāpathavī udakapariyantaṃ katvā anekappakāraṃ kampi saṅkampi sampakampi sampavedhi, anekāni ca acchariyāni pāturahesunti, ayaṃ paṭhamamahāsaṅgīti nāma. Yā loke –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Satehi <a name="V1.0026"></a> pañcahi katā, tena pañcasatāti ca;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Thereheva katattā ca, therikāti pavuccatī’’ti.</p>
<p class="chapter"><a name="dn1_1"></a>1. Brahmajālasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">Paribbājakakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Imissā <a name="P1.0026"></a><a name="V1.0027"></a><a name="M1.0027"></a> paṭhamamahāsaṅgītiyā vattamānāya vinayasaṅgahāvasāne suttantapiṭake ādinikāyassa ādisuttaṃ brahmajālaṃ pucchantena āyasmatā mahākassapena – ‘‘brahmajālaṃ, āvuso ānanda, kattha bhāsita’’nti, evamādivuttavacanapariyosāne yattha ca bhāsitaṃ, yañcārabbha bhāsitaṃ, taṃ sabbaṃ pakāsento āyasmā ānando evaṃ me sutantiādimāha. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘brahmajālassāpi evaṃ me sutantiādikaṃ āyasmatā ānandena paṭhamamahāsaṅgītikāle vuttaṃ nidānamādī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para1"></a><a name="para1_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">1</span>. Tattha <span class="bld">eva</span>nti nipātapadaṃ. <span class="bld">Me</span>tiādīni nāmapadāni. <span class="bld">Paṭipanno hotī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">paṭī</span>ti upasaggapadaṃ, <span class="bld">hotī</span>ti ākhyātapadanti. Iminā tāva nayena padavibhāgo veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atthato pana <span class="bld">evaṃ</span>-saddo tāva upamūpadesasampahaṃsanagarahaṇavacanasampaṭiggahākāranidassanāvadhāraṇādianekatthappabhedo. Tathāhesa – ‘‘evaṃ jātena maccena, kattabbaṃ kusalaṃ bahu’’nti (dha. pa. 53) evamādīsu upamāyaṃ āgato. ‘‘Evaṃ te abhikkamitabbaṃ, evaṃ te paṭikkamitabba’’ntiādīsu (a. ni. 4.122) upadese. ‘‘Evametaṃ bhagavā, evametaṃ sugatā’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 3.66) sampahaṃsane. ‘‘Evamevaṃ panāyaṃ vasalī yasmiṃ vā tasmiṃ vā tassa muṇḍakassa <a name="P1.0027"></a> samaṇakassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsatī’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 1.187) garahaṇe. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhanteti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosu’’ntiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.1) vacanasampaṭiggahe. ‘‘Evaṃ byā kho ahaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā dhammaṃ desitaṃ ājānāmī’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.398) ākāre. ‘‘Ehi tvaṃ, māṇavaka, yena samaṇo ānando tenupasaṅkama, upasaṅkamitvā mama vacanena samaṇaṃ ānandaṃ appābādhaṃ <a name="V1.0028"></a> appātaṅkaṃ lahuṭṭhānaṃ balaṃ phāsuvihāraṃ puccha. ‘‘Subho māṇavo todeyyaputto bhavantaṃ ānandaṃ appābādhaṃ appātaṅkaṃ lahuṭṭhānaṃ balaṃ phāsuvihāraṃ pucchatī’’ti. ‘‘Evañca vadehi, sādhu kira bhavaṃ ānando yena subhassa <a name="M1.0028"></a> māṇavassa todeyyaputtassa nivesanaṃ, tenupasaṅkamatu anukampaṃ upādāyā’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 1.445) nidassane. ‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, kālāmā, ime dhammā kusalā vā akusalā vāti? Akusalā, bhante. Sāvajjā vā anavajjā vāti? Sāvajjā, bhante. Viññugarahitā vā viññuppasatthā vāti? Viññugarahitā, bhante. Samattā samādinnā ahitāya dukkhāya saṃvattanti no vā, kathaṃ vo ettha hotīti? Samattā, bhante, samādinnā ahitāya dukkhāya saṃvattanti, evaṃ no ettha hotī’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 3.66) avadhāraṇe. Svāyamidha ākāranidassanāvadhāraṇesu daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha ākāratthena <span class="bld">evaṃ</span>-saddena etamatthaṃ dīpeti, nānānayanipuṇamanekajjhāsayasamuṭṭhānaṃ, atthabyañjanasampannaṃ, vividhapāṭihāriyaṃ, dhammatthadesanāpaṭivedhagambhīraṃ, sabbasattānaṃ sakasakabhāsānurūpato sotapathamāgacchantaṃ tassa bhagavato vacanaṃ sabbappakārena ko samattho viññātuṃ, sabbathāmena pana sotukāmataṃ janetvāpi ‘evaṃ me sutaṃ’ mayāpi ekenākārena sutanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nidassanatthena – ‘‘nāhaṃ sayambhū, na mayā idaṃ sacchikata’’nti attānaṃ parimocento – ‘evaṃ me sutaṃ’, ‘mayāpi evaṃ suta’nti idāni vattabbaṃ sakalaṃ suttaṃ nidasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Avadhāraṇatthena – ‘‘etadaggaṃ, bhikkhave, mama sāvakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ bahussutānaṃ yadidaṃ ānando, gatimantānaṃ, satimantānaṃ, dhitimantānaṃ, upaṭṭhākānaṃ yadidaṃ <a name="P1.0028"></a> ānando’’ti (a. ni. 1.223). Evaṃ bhagavatā – ‘‘āyasmā ānando atthakusalo, dhammakusalo, byañjanakusalo, niruttikusalo, pubbāparakusalo’’ti (a. ni. 5.169). Evaṃ dhammasenāpatinā ca pasatthabhāvānurūpaṃ attano dhāraṇabalaṃ dassento sattānaṃ sotukāmataṃ janeti – ‘evaṃ me sutaṃ’, tañca kho atthato vā byañjanato vā anūnamanadhikaṃ, evameva na aññathā daṭṭhabba’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Me</span>-saddo tīsu atthesu dissati. Tathā hissa – ‘‘gāthābhigītaṃ me abhojaneyya’’ntiādīsu (su. ni. 81) mayāti attho. ‘‘Sādhu me, bhante, bhagavā saṅkhittena dhammaṃ desetū’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 4.88) mayhanti attho. ‘‘Dhammadāyādā me, bhikkhave<a name="V1.0029"></a><a name="M1.0029"></a>, bhavathā’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.29) mamāti attho. Idha pana mayā sutanti ca, mama sutanti ca atthadvaye yujjati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Suta</span>nti ayaṃ <span class="bld">suta</span>-saddo saupasaggo ca anupasaggo ca – gamanavissutakilinna-upacitānuyoga-sotaviññeyya-sotadvārānusāra-viññātādianekatthappabhedo, tathā hissa ‘‘senāya pasuto’’tiādīsu gacchantoti attho. ‘‘Sutadhammassa passato’’tiādīsu (udā. 11) vissutadhammassāti attho. ‘‘Avassutā avassutassā’’tiādīsu (pāci. 657) kilinnākilinnassāti attho. ‘‘Tumhehi puññaṃ pasutaṃ anappaka’’ntiādīsu (khu. pā. 7.12) upacitanti attho. ‘‘Ye jhānapasutā dhīrā’’tiādīsu (dha. pa. 181) jhānānuyuttāti attho. ‘Diṭṭhaṃ sutaṃ muta’ntiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.241) sotaviññeyyanti attho. ‘‘Sutadharo sutasannicayo’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.339) sotadvārānusāraviññātadharoti attho. Idha panassa sotadvārānusārena upadhāritanti vā upadhāraṇanti vāti attho. ‘Me’ saddassa hi ‘mayā’ti atthe sati ‘evaṃ mayā sutaṃ’ sotadvārānusārena upadhāritanti yujjati. ‘Mamā’ti atthe sati evaṃ mama sutaṃ sotadvārānusārena upadhāraṇanti yujjati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evametesu tīsu padesu <span class="bld">eva</span>nti sotaviññāṇādiviññāṇakiccanidassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Me</span>ti vuttaviññāṇasamaṅgipuggalanidassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Suta</span>nti assavanabhāvapaṭikkhepato anūnādhikāviparītaggahaṇanidassanaṃ. Tathā <span class="bld">eva</span>nti tassā sotadvārānusārena pavattāya viññāṇavīthiyā nānappakārena ārammaṇe pavattibhāvappakāsanaṃ. <span class="bld">Me</span>ti attappakāsanaṃ. <span class="bld">Suta</span>nti dhammappakāsanaṃ. Ayañhettha saṅkhepo <a name="P1.0029"></a> – ‘‘nānappakārena ārammaṇe pavattāya viññāṇavīthiyā mayā na aññaṃ kataṃ, idaṃ pana kataṃ, ayaṃ dhammo suto’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā <span class="bld">eva</span>nti niddisitabbadhammappakāsanaṃ. <span class="bld">Me</span>ti puggalappakāsanaṃ. <span class="bld">Suta</span>nti puggalakiccappakāsanaṃ. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti. ‘‘Yaṃ suttaṃ niddisissāmi, taṃ mayā evaṃ suta’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā <span class="bld">eva</span>nti yassa cittasantānassa nānākārappavattiyā nānatthabyañjanaggahaṇaṃ hoti, tassa nānākāraniddeso. <span class="bld">Eva</span>nti hi ayamākārapaññatti. <span class="bld">Me</span>ti kattuniddeso. <span class="bld">Suta</span>nti visayaniddeso. Ettāvatā nānākārappavattena <a name="M1.0030"></a> cittasantānena taṃ samaṅgino kattu visayaggahaṇasanniṭṭhānaṃ kataṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Athavā <a name="V1.0030"></a> <span class="bld">eva</span>nti puggalakiccaniddeso. <span class="bld">Suta</span>nti viññāṇakiccaniddeso. <span class="bld">Me</span>ti ubhayakiccayuttapuggalaniddeso. Ayaṃ panettha saṅkhepo, ‘‘mayā savanakiccaviññāṇasamaṅginā puggalena viññāṇavasena laddhasavanakiccavohārena suta’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha evanti ca meti ca saccikaṭṭhaparamatthavasena avijjamānapaññatti. Kiñhettha taṃ paramatthato atthi, yaṃ <span class="bld">eva</span>nti vā meti vā niddesaṃ labhetha? Sutanti vijjamānapaññatti. Yañhi taṃ ettha sotena upaladdhaṃ, taṃ paramatthato vijjamānanti. Tathā ‘eva’nti ca, meti ca, taṃ taṃ upādāya vattabbato upādāpaññatti. ‘Suta’nti diṭṭhādīni upanidhāya vattabbato upanidhāpaññatti. Ettha ca evanti vacanena asammohaṃ dīpeti. Na hi sammūḷho nānappakārapaṭivedhasamattho hoti. ‘Suta’nti vacanena sutassa asammosaṃ dīpeti. Yassa hi sutaṃ sammuṭṭhaṃ hoti, na so kālantarena mayā sutanti paṭijānāti. Iccassa asammohena paññāsiddhi, asammosena pana satisiddhi. Tattha paññāpubbaṅgamāya satiyā byañjanāvadhāraṇasamatthatā, satipubbaṅgamāya paññāya atthapaṭivedhasamatthatā. Tadubhayasamatthatāyogena atthabyañjanasampannassa dhammakosassa anupālanasamatthato dhammabhaṇḍāgārikattasiddhi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparo nayo, evanti vacanena yoniso manasikāraṃ dīpeti. Ayoniso manasikaroto hi nānappakārapaṭivedhābhāvato. Sutanti vacanena avikkhepaṃ dīpeti, vikkhittacittassa savanābhāvato. Tathā hi vikkhittacitto puggalo sabbasampattiyā vuccamānopi <a name="P1.0030"></a> ‘‘na mayā sutaṃ, puna bhaṇathā’’ti bhaṇati. Yoniso manasikārena cettha attasammāpaṇidhiṃ pubbe ca katapuññataṃ sādheti, sammā appaṇihitattassa pubbe akatapuññassa vā tadabhāvato. Avikkhepena saddhammassavanaṃ sappurisūpanissayañca sādheti. Na hi vikkhittacitto sotuṃ sakkoti, na ca sappurise anupassayamānassa savanaṃ atthīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparo <a name="M1.0031"></a> nayo, yasmā evanti yassa cittasantānassa nānākārappavattiyā nānatthabyañjanaggahaṇaṃ hoti, tassa nānākāraniddesoti vuttaṃ, so ca evaṃ bhaddako ākāro na sammāappaṇihitattano pubbe akatapuññassa vā hoti, tasmā evanti iminā bhaddakenākārena pacchimacakkadvayasampattimattano dīpeti. Sutanti savanayogena purimacakkadvayasampattiṃ. Na hi appatirūpadese vasato sappurisūpanissayavirahitassa vā savanaṃ atthi. Iccassa pacchimacakkadvayasiddhiyā āsayasuddhisiddhā hoti, purimacakkadvayasiddhiyā payogasuddhi, tāya ca āsayasuddhiyā adhigamabyattisiddhi, payogasuddhiyā āgamabyattisiddhi. Iti <a name="V1.0031"></a> payogāsayasuddhassa āgamādhigamasampannassa vacanaṃ aruṇuggaṃ viya sūriyassa udayato yoniso manasikāro viya ca kusalakammassa arahati bhagavato vacanassa pubbaṅgamaṃ bhavitunti ṭhāne nidānaṃ ṭhapento – ‘‘evaṃ me suta’’ntiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparo nayo, ‘eva’nti iminā nānappakārapaṭivedhadīpakena vacanena attano atthapaṭibhānapaṭisambhidāsampattisabbhāvaṃ dīpeti. ‘Suta’nti iminā sotabbappabhedapaṭivedhadīpakena dhammaniruttipaṭisambhidāsampattisabbhāvaṃ. ‘Eva’nti ca idaṃ yoniso manasikāradīpakaṃ vacanaṃ bhāsamāno – ‘‘ete mayā dhammā manasānupekkhitā, diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividdhā’’ti dīpeti. ‘Suta’nti idaṃ savanayogadīpakaṃ vacanaṃ bhāsamāno – ‘‘bahū mayā dhammā sutā dhātā vacasā paricitā’’ti dīpeti. Tadubhayenāpi atthabyañjanapāripūriṃ dīpento savane ādaraṃ janeti. Atthabyañjanaparipuṇṇañhi dhammaṃ ādarena assuṇanto mahatā hitā paribāhiro hotīti, tasmā ādaraṃ janetvā sakkaccaṃ ayaṃ dhammo sotabboti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Evaṃ <a name="P1.0031"></a> me suta’’nti iminā pana sakalena vacanena āyasmā ānando tathāgatappaveditaṃ dhammaṃ attano adahanto asappurisabhūmiṃ atikkamati. Sāvakattaṃ paṭijānanto sappurisabhūmiṃ okkamati. Tathā asaddhammā cittaṃ vuṭṭhāpeti, saddhamme cittaṃ patiṭṭhāpeti. ‘‘Kevalaṃ sutamevetaṃ mayā, tasseva bhagavato vacana’’nti dīpento attānaṃ parimoceti, satthāraṃ apadisati, jinavacanaṃ appeti, dhammanettiṃ patiṭṭhāpeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica <a name="M1.0032"></a> ‘‘evaṃ me suta’’nti attanā uppāditabhāvaṃ appaṭijānanto purimavacanaṃ vivaranto – ‘‘sammukhā paṭiggahitamidaṃ mayā tassa bhagavato catuvesārajjavisāradassa dasabaladharassa āsabhaṭṭhānaṭṭhāyino sīhanādanādino sabbasattuttamassa dhammissarassa dhammarājassa dhammādhipatino dhammadīpassa dhammasaraṇassa saddhammavaracakkavattino sammāsambuddhassa vacanaṃ, na ettha atthe vā dhamme vā pade vā byañjane vā kaṅkhā vā vimati vā kātabbā’’ti sabbesaṃ devamanussānaṃ imasmiṃ dhamme assaddhiyaṃ vināseti, saddhāsampadaṃ uppādeti. Tenetaṃ vuccati –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Vināsayati assaddhaṃ, saddhaṃ vaḍḍheti sāsane;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Evaṃ me sutamiccevaṃ, vadaṃ gotamasāvako’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Eka</span>nti <a name="V1.0032"></a> gaṇanaparicchedaniddeso. <span class="bld">Samaya</span>nti paricchinnaniddeso. <span class="bld">Ekaṃ samaya</span>nti aniyamitaparidīpanaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">samaya</span>saddo –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Samavāye khaṇe kāle, samūhe hetudiṭṭhisu;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Paṭilābhe pahāne ca, paṭivedhe ca dissati’’.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā hissa – ‘‘appevanāma svepi upasaṅkameyyāma kālañca samayañca upādāyā’’ti evamādīsu (dī. ni. 1.447) samavāyo attho. ‘‘Ekova kho bhikkhave, khaṇo ca samayo ca brahmacariyavāsāyā’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 8.29) khaṇo. ‘‘Uṇhasamayo pariḷāhasamayo’’tiādīsu (pāci. 358) kālo. ‘‘Mahāsamayo pavanasmi’’ntiādīsu (dī. ni. 2.332) samūho. ‘‘Samayopi kho te, bhaddāli, appaṭividdho ahosi, bhagavā kho <a name="P1.0032"></a> sāvatthiyaṃ viharati, bhagavāpi maṃ jānissati, bhaddāli nāma bhikkhu satthusāsane sikkhāya aparipūrakārī’ti. Ayampi kho, te bhaddāli, samayo appaṭividdho ahosī’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 2.135) hetu. ‘‘Tena kho pana samayena uggahamāno paribbājako samaṇamuṇḍikāputto samayappavādake tindukācīre ekasālake mallikāya ārāme paṭivasatī’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 2.260) diṭṭhi.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Diṭṭhe dhamme ca yo attho, yo cattho samparāyiko;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Atthābhisamayā dhīro, paṇḍitoti pavuccatī’’ti. (saṃ. ni. 1.128) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Ādīsu <a name="M1.0033"></a> paṭilābho. ‘‘Sammā mānābhisamayā antamakāsi dukkhassā’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 7.9) pahānaṃ. ‘‘Dukkhassa pīḷanaṭṭho saṅkhataṭṭho santāpaṭṭho vipariṇāmaṭṭho abhisamayaṭṭho’’tiādīsu (paṭi. 108) paṭivedho. Idha panassa kālo attho. Tena saṃvaccharautumāsaḍḍhamāsarattidivapubbaṇhamajjhanhikasāyanhapaṭhamamajjhi-mapacchimayāmamuhuttādīsu kālappabhedabhūtesu samayesu ekaṃ samayanti dīpeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha kiñcāpi etesu saṃvaccharādīsu samayesu yaṃ yaṃ suttaṃ yasmiṃ yasmiṃ saṃvacchare utumhi māse pakkhe rattibhāge vā divasabhāge vā vuttaṃ, sabbaṃ taṃ therassa suviditaṃ suvavatthāpitaṃ paññāya. Yasmā pana – ‘‘evaṃ me sutaṃ’’ asukasaṃvacchare asukautumhi asukamāse asukapakkhe asukarattibhāge asukadivasabhāge vāti evaṃ vutte na sakkā sukhena <a name="V1.0033"></a> dhāretuṃ vā uddisituṃ vā uddisāpetuṃ vā, bahu ca vattabbaṃ hoti, tasmā ekeneva padena tamatthaṃ samodhānetvā ‘‘ekaṃ samaya’’nti āha. Ye vā ime gabbhokkantisamayo, jātisamayo, saṃvegasamayo, abhinikkhamanasamayo, dukkarakārikasamayo, māravijayasamayo, abhisambodhisamayo diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārasamayo, desanāsamayo, parinibbānasamayoti, evamādayo bhagavato devamanussesu ativiya pakāsā anekakālappabhedā eva samayā. Tesu samayesu desanāsamayasaṅkhātaṃ ekaṃ samayanti dīpeti. Yo cāyaṃ ñāṇakaruṇākiccasamayesu karuṇākiccasamayo, attahitaparahitapaṭipattisamayesu parahitapaṭipattisamayo, sannipatitānaṃ karaṇīyadvayasamayesu dhammikathāsamayo desanāpaṭipattisamayesu <a name="P1.0033"></a> desanāsamayo, tesupi samayesu aññataraṃ samayaṃ sandhāya <span class="bld">‘‘ekaṃ samaya’’</span>nti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kasmā panettha yathā abhidhamme ‘‘yasmiṃ samaye kāmāvacara’’nti (dha. sa. 1) ca, ito aññesu ca suttapadesu – ‘‘yasmiṃ samaye, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vivicceva kāmehī’’ti ca bhummavacananiddeso kato, vinaye ca – ‘‘tena samayena buddho bhagavā’’ti karaṇavacanena, tathā akatvā ‘‘ekaṃ samaya’’nti upayogavacananiddeso katoti? Tattha tathā idha ca aññathā atthasambhavato. Tattha hi abhidhamme ito aññesu suttapadesu ca adhikaraṇattho <a name="M1.0034"></a> bhāvena bhāvalakkhaṇattho ca sambhavati. Adhikaraṇañhi kālattho, samūhattho ca samayo, tattha tattha vuttānaṃ phassādidhammānaṃ khaṇasamavāyahetusaṅkhātassa ca samayassa bhāvena tesaṃ bhāvo lakkhīyati, tasmā tadatthajotanatthaṃ tattha bhummavacananiddeso kato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vinaye ca hetuattho karaṇattho ca sambhavati. Yo hi so sikkhāpadapaññattisamayo sāriputtādīhipi dubbiññeyyo, tena samayena hetubhūtena karaṇabhūtena ca sikkhāpadāni paññāpayanto sikkhāpadapaññattihetuñca apekkhamāno bhagavā tattha tattha vihāsi, tasmā tadatthajotanatthaṃ tattha karaṇavacanena niddeso kato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idha pana aññasmiñca evaṃ jātike accantasaṃyogattho sambhavati. Yañhi samayaṃ bhagavā imaṃ aññaṃ vā suttantaṃ desesi, accantameva taṃ samayaṃ karuṇāvihārena vihāsi, tasmā tadatthajotanatthaṃ idha upayogavacananiddeso katoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tenetaṃ vuccati –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Taṃ <a name="V1.0034"></a> taṃ atthamapekkhitvā, bhummena karaṇena ca;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Aññatra samayo vutto, upayogena so idhā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Porāṇā pana vaṇṇayanti – ‘‘tasmiṃ samaye’’ti vā, ‘‘tena samayenā’’ti vā, ‘‘ekaṃ samaya’’nti vā, abhilāpamattabhedo esa, sabbattha bhummamevatthoti. Tasmā ‘‘ekaṃ samaya’’nti vuttepi ‘‘ekasmiṃ samaye’’ti attho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhagavā</span>ti garu. Garuñhi loke bhagavāti vadanti. Ayañca <a name="P1.0034"></a> sabbaguṇavisiṭṭhatāya sabbasattānaṃ garu, tasmā bhagavāti veditabbo. Porāṇehipi vuttaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Bhagavāti vacanaṃ seṭṭhaṃ, bhagavāti vacanamuttamaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Garu gāravayutto so, bhagavā tena vuccatī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Api ca –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Bhāgyavā bhaggavā yutto, bhagehi ca vibhattavā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Bhattavā vantagamano, bhavesu bhagavā tato’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Imissā <a name="M1.0035"></a> gāthāya vasenassa padassa vitthāraattho veditabbo. So ca visuddhimagge buddhānussatiniddese vuttoyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettāvatā cettha <span class="bld">evaṃ me suta</span>nti vacanena yathāsutaṃ dhammaṃ dassento bhagavato dhammakāyaṃ paccakkhaṃ karoti. Tena ‘‘nayidaṃ atikkantasatthukaṃ pāvacanaṃ, ayaṃ vo satthā’’ti satthu adassanena ukkaṇṭhitaṃ janaṃ samassāseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā</span>ti vacanena tasmiṃ samaye bhagavato avijjamānabhāvaṃ dassento rūpakāyaparinibbānaṃ sādheti. Tena ‘‘evaṃvidhassa nāma ariyadhammassa desako dasabaladharo vajirasaṅghāta samānakāyo sopi bhagavā parinibbuto, kena aññena jīvite āsā janetabbā’’ti jīvitamadamattaṃ janaṃ saṃvejeti, saddhamme cassa ussāhaṃ janeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Eva</span>nti <a name="V1.0035"></a> ca bhaṇanto desanāsampattiṃ niddisati. <span class="bld">Me suta</span>nti sāvakasampattiṃ. <span class="bld">Ekaṃ samaya</span>nti kālasampattiṃ. <span class="bld">Bhagavā</span>ti desakasampattiṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Antarā ca rājagahaṃ antarā ca nāḷanda</span>nti <span class="bld">antarā</span>-saddo kāraṇakhaṇacittavemajjhavivarādīsu dissati. ‘‘Tadantaraṃ ko jāneyya aññatra tathāgatā’’ti (a. ni. 6.44) ca, ‘‘janā saṅgamma mantenti mañca tañca kimantara’’nti (saṃ. ni. 1.228) ca ādīsu hi kāraṇe antarā-saddo. ‘‘Addasa maṃ, bhante, aññatarā itthī vijjantarikāya bhājanaṃ dhovantī’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 2.149) khaṇe. ‘‘Yassantarato na santi kopā’’tiādīsu (udā. 20) citte. ‘‘Antarā vosānamāpādī’’tiādīsu <a name="P1.0035"></a> (cūḷava. 350) vemajjhe. ‘‘Api cāyaṃ, bhikkhave, tapodā dvinnaṃ mahānirayānaṃ antarikāya āgacchatī’’tiādīsu (pārā. 231) vivare. Svāyamidha vivare vattati, tasmā rājagahassa ca nāḷandāya ca vivareti evametthattho veditabbo. Antarā-saddena pana yuttattā upayogavacanaṃ kataṃ. Īdisesu ca ṭhānesu akkharacintakā ‘‘antarā gāmañca nadiñca yātī’’ti evaṃ ekameva antarāsaddaṃ payujjanti, so dutiyapadenapi yojetabbo hoti, ayojiyamāne upayogavacanaṃ na pāpuṇāti. Idha pana yojetvāyeva vuttoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Addhānamaggappaṭipanno</span> <a name="M1.0036"></a> <span class="bld">hotī</span>ti addhānasaṅkhātaṃ maggaṃ paṭipanno hoti, ‘‘dīghamagga’’nti attho. Addhānagamanasamayassa hi vibhaṅge ‘‘aḍḍhayojanaṃ gacchissāmīti bhuñjitabba’’ntiādivacanato (pāci. 218) aḍḍhayojanampi addhānamaggo hoti. Rājagahato pana nāḷandā yojanameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhi</span>nti ‘mahatā’ti guṇamahattenapi mahatā, saṅkhyāmahattenapi mahatā. So hi bhikkhusaṅgho guṇehipi mahā ahosi, appicchatādiguṇasamannāgatattā. Saṅkhyāyapi mahā, pañcasatasaṅkhyattā. Bhikkhūnaṃ saṅgho ‘bhikkhusaṅgho’, tena bhikkhusaṅghena. Diṭṭhisīlasāmaññasaṅghātasaṅkhātena samaṇagaṇenāti attho. <span class="bld">Saddhi</span>nti ekato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehī</span>ti pañcamattā etesanti pañcamattāni. Mattāti pamāṇaṃ vuccati, tasmā yathā ‘‘bhojane mattaññū’’ti vutte ‘‘bhojane mattaṃ jānāti, pamāṇaṃ jānātī’’ti attho hoti, evamidhāpi – ‘‘tesaṃ bhikkhusatānaṃ pañcamattā pañcapamāṇa’’nti evamattho daṭṭhabbo. Bhikkhūnaṃ satāni bhikkhusatāni, tehi pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Suppiyopi</span> <a name="V1.0036"></a> <span class="bld">kho paribbājako</span>ti <span class="bld">suppiyo</span>ti tassa nāmaṃ. <span class="bld">Pi</span>-kāro maggappaṭipannasabhāgatāya puggalasampiṇḍanattho. <span class="bld">Kho</span>-kāro padasandhikaro, byañjanasiliṭṭhatāvasena vutto. <span class="bld">Paribbājako</span>ti sañjayassa antevāsī channaparibbājako. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – ‘‘yadā bhagavā taṃ addhānamaggaṃ <a name="P1.0036"></a> paṭipanno, tadā suppiyopi paribbājako paṭipanno ahosī’’ti. Atītakālattho hettha hoti-saddo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saddhiṃ antevāsinā brahmadattena māṇavenā</span>ti – ettha ante vasatīti antevāsī. Samīpacāro santikāvacaro sissoti attho. <span class="bld">Brahmadatto</span>ti tassa nāmaṃ. <span class="bld">Māṇavo</span>ti sattopi coropi taruṇopi vuccati.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Coditā devadūtehi, ye pamajjanti māṇavā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Te dīgharattaṃ socanti, hīnakāyūpagā narā’’ti. (ma. ni. 3.271) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Ādīsu <a name="M1.0037"></a> hi satto māṇavoti vutto. ‘‘Māṇavehipi samāgacchanti katakammehipi akatakammehipī’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 2.149) coro. ‘‘Ambaṭṭho māṇavo, aṅgako māṇavo’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 1.316) taruṇo ‘māṇavo’ti vutto. Idhāpi ayamevattho. Idañhi vuttaṃ hoti – brahmadattena nāma taruṇantevāsinā saddhinti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tatrā</span>ti tasmiṃ addhānamagge, tesu vā dvīsu janesu. <span class="bld">Suda</span>nti nipātamattaṃ. <span class="bld">Anekapariyāyenā</span>ti pariyāya-saddo tāva vāradesanākāraṇesu vattati. ‘‘Kassa nu kho, ānanda, ajja pariyāyo bhikkhuniyo ovaditu’’ntiādīsu (ma. ni. 3.398) hi vāre pariyāyasaddo vattati. ‘‘Madhupiṇḍikapariyāyotveva naṃ dhārehī’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.205) desanāyaṃ. ‘‘Imināpi kho, te rājañña, pariyāyena evaṃ hotū’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 2.411) kāraṇe. Svāyamidhāpi kāraṇe vattati, tasmā ayamettha attho – ‘‘anekavidhena kāraṇenā’’ti, ‘‘bahūhi kāraṇehī’’ti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Buddhassa avaṇṇaṃ bhāsatī</span>ti avaṇṇavirahitassa aparimāṇavaṇṇasamannāgatassāpi buddhassa bhagavato – ‘‘yaṃ loke jātivuḍḍhesu kattabbaṃ abhivādanādisāmīcikammaṃ ‘sāmaggiraso’ti vuccati, taṃ samaṇassa gotamassa natthi tasmā arasarūpo samaṇo gotamo, nibbhogo, akiriyavādo, ucchedavādo, jegucchī, venayiko, tapassī, apagabbho. Natthi samaṇassa gotamassa <a name="V1.0037"></a> uttarimanussadhammo alamariyañāṇadassanaviseso. Takkapariyāhataṃ samaṇo gotamo dhammaṃ deseti, vīmaṃsānucaritaṃ, sayaṃpaṭibhānaṃ. Samaṇo gotamo na sabbaññū, na lokavidū, na anuttaro, na aggapuggalo’’ti. Evaṃ taṃ taṃ akāraṇameva kāraṇanti vatvā <a name="P1.0037"></a> tathā tathā avaṇṇaṃ dosaṃ nindaṃ bhāsati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā ca buddhassa, evaṃ dhammassāpi taṃ taṃ akāraṇameva kāraṇato vatvā – ‘‘samaṇassa gotamassa dhammo durakkhāto, duppaṭivedito, aniyyāniko, anupasamasaṃvattaniko’’ti tathā tathā avaṇṇaṃ bhāsati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā <a name="M1.0038"></a> ca dhammassa, evaṃ saṅghassāpi yaṃ vā taṃ vā akāraṇameva kāraṇato vatvā – ‘‘micchāpaṭipanno samaṇassa gotamassa sāvakasaṅgho, kuṭilapaṭipanno, paccanīkapaṭipadaṃ ananulomapaṭipadaṃ adhammānulomapaṭipadaṃ paṭipanno’’ti tathā tathā avaṇṇaṃ bhāsati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Antevāsī panassa – ‘‘amhākaṃ ācariyo aparāmasitabbaṃ parāmasati, anakkamitabbaṃ akkamati, svāyaṃ aggiṃ gilanto viya, hatthena asidhāraṃ parāmasanto viya, muṭṭhinā sineruṃ padāletukāmo viya, kakacadantapantiyaṃ kīḷamāno viya, pabhinnamadaṃ caṇḍahatthiṃ hatthena gaṇhanto viya ca vaṇṇārahasseva ratanattayassa avaṇṇaṃ bhāsamāno anayabyasanaṃ pāpuṇissati. Ācariye kho pana gūthaṃ vā aggiṃ vā kaṇṭakaṃ vā kaṇhasappaṃ vā akkamante, sūlaṃ vā abhirūhante, halāhalaṃ vā visaṃ khādante, khārodakaṃ vā pakkhalante, narakapapātaṃ vā papatante, na antevāsinā taṃ sabbamanukātabbaṃ hoti. Kammassakā hi sattā attano kammānurūpameva gatiṃ gacchanti. Neva pitā puttassa kammena gacchati, na putto pitu kammena, na mātā puttassa, na putto mātuyā, na bhātā bhaginiyā, na bhaginī bhātu, na ācariyo antevāsino, na antevāsī ācariyassa kammena gacchati. Mayhañca ācariyo tiṇṇaṃ ratanānaṃ avaṇṇaṃ bhāsati, mahāsāvajjo kho panāriyūpavādoti. Evaṃ yoniso ummujjitvā ācariyavādaṃ maddamāno sammākāraṇameva kāraṇato apadisanto anekapariyāyena tiṇṇaṃ ratanānaṃ vaṇṇaṃ bhāsitumāraddho, yathā taṃ paṇḍitajātiko kulaputto’’. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘suppiyassa pana paribbājakassa antevāsī brahmadatto māṇavo anekapariyāyena buddhassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsati, dhammassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsati, saṅghassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsatī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">vaṇṇa</span>nti vaṇṇa-saddo saṇṭhāna-jāti-rūpāyatana-kāraṇa-pamāṇa-guṇa-pasaṃsādīsu dissati<a name="V1.0038"></a>. Tattha ‘‘mahantaṃ sapparājavaṇṇaṃ <a name="P1.0038"></a> abhinimminitvā’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 1.142) saṇṭhānaṃ vuccati. ‘‘Brāhmaṇova seṭṭho vaṇṇo, hīno añño vaṇṇo’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 2.402) jāti. ‘‘Paramāya vaṇṇapokkharatāya samannāgato’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 1.303) rūpāyatanaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Na <a name="M1.0039"></a> harāmi na bhañjāmi, ārā siṅghāmi vārijaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Atha kena nu vaṇṇena, gandhatthenoti vuccatī’’ti. (saṃ. ni. 1.234) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Ādīsu kāraṇaṃ. ‘‘Tayo pattassa vaṇṇā’’tiādīsu (pārā. 602) pamāṇaṃ. ‘‘Kadā saññūḷhā pana, te gahapati, ime samaṇassa gotamassa vaṇṇā’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 2.77) guṇo. ‘‘Vaṇṇārahassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsatī’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 2.135) pasaṃsā. Idha guṇopi pasaṃsāpi. Ayaṃ kira taṃ taṃ bhūtameva kāraṇaṃ apadisanto anekapariyāyena ratanattayassa guṇūpasañhitaṃ pasaṃsaṃ abhāsi. Tattha – ‘‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho’’tiādinā (pārā. 1) nayena, ‘‘ye bhikkhave, buddhe pasannā agge te pasannā’’tiādinā ‘‘ekapuggalo, bhikkhave, loke uppajjamāno uppajjati…pe… asamo asamasamo’’tiādinā (a. ni. 1.174) ca nayena buddhassa vaṇṇo veditabbo. ‘‘Svākkhāto bhagavatā dhammo’’ti (dī. ni. 2.159) ca ‘‘ālayasamugghāto vaṭṭupacchedo’’ti (iti. 90, a. ni. 4.34) ca, ‘‘ye bhikkhave, ariye aṭṭhaṅgike magge pasannā, agge te pasannā’’ti ca evamādīhi nayehi dhammassa vaṇṇo veditabbo. ‘‘Suppaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho’’ti (dī. ni. 2.159) ca, ‘‘ye, bhikkhave, saṅghe pasannā, agge te pasannā’’ti (a. ni. 4.34) ca evamādīhi pana nayehi saṅghassa vaṇṇo veditabbo. Pahontena pana dhammakathikena pañcanikāye navaṅgaṃ satthusāsanaṃ caturāsītidhammakkhandhasahassāni ogāhitvā buddhādīnaṃ vaṇṇo pakāsetabbo. Imasmiñhi ṭhāne buddhādīnaṃ guṇe pakāsento atitthena pakkhando dhammakathikoti na sakkā vattuṃ. Īdisesu hi ṭhānesu dhammakathikassa thāmo veditabbo. Brahmadatto pana māṇavo anussavādimattasambandhitena attano thāmena ratanattayassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Itiha te ubho ācariyantevāsī</span>ti evaṃ te dve ācariyantevāsikā. <span class="bld">Aññamaññassā</span>ti añño aññassa. <span class="bld">Ujuvipaccanīkavādā</span>ti īsakampi apariharitvā ujumeva vividhapaccanīkavādā, anekavāraṃ viruddhavādā eva hutvāti <a name="P1.0039"></a> attho. Ācariyena hi ratanattayassa <a name="V1.0039"></a> avaṇṇe bhāsite antevāsī vaṇṇaṃ bhāsati, puna itaro avaṇṇaṃ, itaro vaṇṇanti evaṃ ācariyo sāraphalake visarukkhaāṇiṃ ākoṭayamāno viya <a name="M1.0040"></a> punappunaṃ ratanattayassa avaṇṇaṃ bhāsati. Antevāsī pana suvaṇṇarajatamaṇimayāya āṇiyā taṃ āṇiṃ paṭibāhayamāno viya punappunaṃ ratanattayassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsati. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘ujuvipaccanīkavādā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhagavantaṃ piṭṭhito piṭṭhito anubandhā honti bhikkhusaṅghañcā</span>ti bhagavantañca bhikkhusaṅghañca pacchato pacchato dassanaṃ avijahantā iriyāpathānubandhanena anubandhā honti, sīsānulokino hutvā anugatā hontīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kasmā pana bhagavā taṃ addhānaṃ paṭipanno? Kasmā ca suppiyo anubandho? Kasmā ca so ratanattayassa avaṇṇaṃ bhāsatīti? Bhagavā tāva tasmiṃ kāle rājagahaparivattakesu aṭṭhārasasu mahāvihāresu aññatarasmiṃ vasitvā pātova sarīrappaṭijagganaṃ katvā bhikkhācāravelāyaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaparivuto rājagahe piṇḍāya carati. So taṃ divasaṃ bhikkhusaṅghassa sulabhapiṇḍapātaṃ katvā pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkanto bhikkhusaṅghaṃ pattacīvaraṃ gāhāpetvā – ‘‘nāḷandaṃ gamissāmī’’ti, rājagahato nikkhamitvā taṃ addhānaṃ paṭipanno. Suppiyopi kho tasmiṃ kāle rājagahaparivattake aññatarasmiṃ paribbājakārāme vasitvā paribbājakaparivuto rājagahe bhikkhāya carati. Sopi taṃ divasaṃ paribbājakaparisāya sulabhabhikkhaṃ katvā bhuttapātarāso paribbājake paribbājakaparikkhāraṃ gāhāpetvā – nāḷandaṃ gamissāmicceva bhagavato taṃ maggaṃ paṭipannabhāvaṃ ajānantova anubandho. Sace pana jāneyya nānubandheyya. So ajānitvāva gacchanto gīvaṃ ukkhipitvā olokayamāno bhagavantaṃ addasa buddhasiriyā sobhamānaṃ rattakambalaparikkhittamiva jaṅgamakanakagirisikharaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tasmiṃ kira samaye dasabalassa sarīrato nikkhamitvā chabbaṇṇarasmiyo samantā asītihatthappamāṇe padese ādhāvanti vidhāvanti ratanāveḷaratanadāmaratanacuṇṇavippakiṇṇaṃ <a name="P1.0040"></a> viya, pasāritaratanacittakañcanapaṭamiva, rattasuvaṇṇarasanisiñcamānamiva, ukkāsatanipātasamākulamiva, nirantaravippakiṇṇakaṇikārapupphamiva vāyuvegakkhittacīnapiṭṭhacuṇṇamiva, indadhanuvijjulatātārāgaṇappabhāvisaravipphuritaviccharitamiva ca taṃ vanantaraṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Asīti <a name="M1.0041"></a> anubyañjanānurañjitañca pana bhagavato sarīraṃ vikasitakamaluppalamiva, saraṃ sabbapāliphullamiva <a name="V1.0040"></a> pāricchattakaṃ, tārāmarīcivikasitamiva, gaganatalaṃ siriyā avahasantamiva, byāmappabhāparikkhepavilāsinī cassa dvattiṃsavaralakkhaṇamālā ganthetvā ṭhapitadvattiṃsacandamālāya dvattiṃsasūriyamālāya paṭipāṭiyā ṭhapitadvattiṃsacakkavattidvattiṃsasakkadevarājadvattiṃsamahābrahmānaṃ siriṃ siriyā abhibhavantimiva. Tañca pana bhagavantaṃ parivāretvā ṭhitā bhikkhū sabbeva appicchā santuṭṭhā pavivittā asaṃsaṭṭhā codakā pāpagarahino vattāro vacanakkhamā sīlasampannā samādhipaññāvimuttivimuttiññāṇadassanasampannā. Tesaṃ majjhe bhagavā rattakambalapākāraparikkhitto viya kañcanathambho, rattapadumasaṇḍamajjhagatā viya suvaṇṇanāvā, pavāḷavedikāparikkhitto viya aggikkhandho, tārāgaṇaparivārito viya puṇṇacando migapakkhīnampi cakkhūni pīṇayati, pageva devamanussānaṃ. Tasmiñca pana divase yebhuyyena asītimahātherā meghavaṇṇaṃ paṃsukūlaṃ ekaṃsaṃ karitvā kattaradaṇḍaṃ ādāya suvammavammitā viya gandhahatthino vigatadosā vantadosā bhinnakilesā vijaṭitajaṭā chinnabandhanā bhagavantaṃ parivārayiṃsu. So sayaṃ vītarāgo vītarāgehi, sayaṃ vītadoso vītadosehi, sayaṃ vītamoho vītamohehi, sayaṃ vītataṇho vītataṇhehi, sayaṃ nikkileso nikkilesehi, sayaṃ buddho anubuddhehi parivārito; pattaparivāritaṃ viya kesaraṃ, kesaraparivāritā viya kaṇṇikā, aṭṭhanāgasahassaparivārito viya chaddanto nāgarājā, navutihaṃsasahassaparivārito viya dhataraṭṭho haṃsarājā, senaṅgaparivārito viya cakkavattirājā, devagaṇaparivārito viya sakko devarājā, brahmagaṇaparivārito viya hārito mahābrahmā, aparimitakālasañcitapuññabalanibbattāya acinteyyāya anopamāya buddhalīlāya <a name="P1.0041"></a> cando viya gaganatalaṃ taṃ maggaṃ paṭipanno hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Athevaṃ bhagavantaṃ anopamāya buddhalīlāya gacchantaṃ bhikkhū ca okkhittacakkhū santindriye santamānase uparinabhe ṭhitaṃ puṇṇacandaṃ viya bhagavantaṃyeva namassamāne disvāva paribbājako attano parisaṃ avalokesi. Sā hoti kājadaṇḍake olambetvā gahitoluggaviluggapiṭṭhakatidaṇḍamorapiñchamattikāpattapasibbakakuṇḍikādianekaparikkhārabhārabharitā<a name="M1.0042"></a>. ‘‘Asukassa hatthā sobhaṇā, asukassa pādā’’ti evamādiniratthakavacanā mukharā vikiṇṇavācā adassanīyā apāsādikā. Tassa taṃ disvā vippaṭisāro udapādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni tena bhagavato vaṇṇo vattabbo bhaveyya. Yasmā panesa lābhasakkārahāniyā ceva pakkhahāniyā ca niccampi bhagavantaṃ usūyati. Aññatitthiyānañhi yāva buddho loke nuppajjati, tāvadeva lābhasakkārā nibbattanti, buddhuppādato pana paṭṭhāya parihīnalābhasakkārā honti<a name="V1.0041"></a>, sūriyuggamane khajjopanakā viya nissirīkataṃ āpajjanti. Upatissakolitānañca sañjayassa santike pabbajitakāleyeva paribbājakā mahāparisā ahesuṃ, tesu pana pakkantesu sāpi tesaṃ parisā bhinnā. Iti imehi dvīhi kāraṇehi ayaṃ paribbājako yasmā niccampi bhagavantaṃ usūyati, tasmā taṃ usūyavisuggāraṃ uggiranto ratanattayassa avaṇṇameva bhāsatīti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para2"></a><a name="para2_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">2</span>. <span class="bld">Atha kho bhagavā ambalaṭṭhikāyaṃ rājāgārake ekarattivāsaṃ upagacchi saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghenā</span>ti bhagavā tāya buddhalīlāya gacchamāno anupubbena ambalaṭṭhikādvāraṃ pāpuṇitvā sūriyaṃ oloketvā – ‘‘akālo dāni gantuṃ, atthasamīpaṃ gato sūriyo’’ti ambalaṭṭhikāyaṃ rājāgārake ekarattivāsaṃ upagacchi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">ambalaṭṭhikā</span>ti rañño uyyānaṃ. Tassa kira dvārasamīpe taruṇaambarukkho atthi, taṃ ‘‘ambalaṭṭhikā’’ti vadanti. Tassa avidūre bhavattā uyyānampi ambalaṭṭhikā tveva saṅkhyaṃ gataṃ. Taṃ chāyūdakasampannaṃ <a name="P1.0042"></a> pākāraparikkhittaṃ suyojitadvāraṃ mañjusā viya suguttaṃ. Tattha rañño kīḷanatthaṃ paṭibhānacittavicittaṃ agāraṃ akaṃsu. Taṃ ‘‘rājāgāraka’’nti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Suppiyopi kho</span>ti suppiyopi tasmiṃ ṭhāne sūriyaṃ oloketvā – ‘‘akālo dāni gantuṃ, bahū khuddakamahallakā paribbājakā, bahuparissayo ca ayaṃ maggo corehipi vāḷayakkhehipi vāḷamigehipi. Ayaṃ kho pana samaṇo gotamo uyyānaṃ paviṭṭho, samaṇassa ca gotamassa vasanaṭṭhāne <a name="M1.0043"></a> devatā ārakkhaṃ gaṇhanti, handāhampi idha ekarattivāsaṃ upagantvā sveva gamissāmī’’ti tadevuyyānaṃ pāvisi. Tato bhikkhusaṅgho bhagavato vattaṃ dassetvā attano attano vasanaṭṭhānaṃ sallakkhesi. Paribbājakopi uyyānassa ekapasse paribbājakaparikkhāre otāretvā vāsaṃ upagacchi saddhiṃ attano parisāya. Pāḷiyamārūḷhavaseneva pana – ‘‘saddhiṃ attano antevāsinā brahmadattena māṇavenā’’ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ vāsaṃ upagato pana so paribbājako rattibhāge dasabalaṃ olokesi. Tasmiñca samaye samantā vippakiṇṇatārakā viya padīpā jalanti, majjhe bhagavā nisinno hoti, bhikkhusaṅgho ca bhagavantaṃ parivāretvā. Tattha ekabhikkhussapi hatthakukkuccaṃ vā pādakukkuccaṃ vā ukkāsitasaddo vā khipitasaddo vā natthi. Sā hi parisā attano ca sikkhitasikkhatāya satthari ca gāravenāti dvīhi kāraṇehi nivāte padīpasikhā viya niccalā <a name="V1.0042"></a> sannisinnāva ahosi. Paribbājako taṃ vibhūtiṃ disvā attano parisaṃ olokesi. Tattha keci hatthaṃ khipanti, keci pādaṃ, keci vippalapanti, keci nillālitajivhā paggharitakheḷā, dante khādantā kākacchamānā gharugharupassāsino sayanti. So ratanattayassa guṇavaṇṇe vattabbepi issāvasena puna avaṇṇameva ārabhi. Brahmadatto pana vuttanayeneva vaṇṇaṃ. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘tatrāpi sudaṃ suppiyo paribbājako’’ti sabbaṃ vattabbaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">tatrāpī</span>ti tasmimpi, ambalaṭṭhikāyaṃ uyyāneti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para3"></a><a name="para3_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">3</span>. <span class="bld">Sambahulāna</span>nti bahukānaṃ. Tattha vinayapariyāyena tayo janā ‘‘sambahulā’’ti vuccanti. Tato paraṃ saṅgho. Suttantapariyāyena <a name="P1.0043"></a> pana tayo tayova tato paṭṭhāya sambahulā. Idha suttantapariyāyena ‘‘sambahulā’’ti veditabbā. <span class="bld">Maṇḍalamāḷe</span>ti katthaci dve kaṇṇikā gahetvā haṃsavaṭṭakacchannena katā kūṭāgārasālāpi ‘‘maṇḍalamāḷo’’ti vuccati, katthaci ekaṃ kaṇṇikaṃ gahetvā thambhapantiṃ parikkhipitvā katā upaṭṭhānasālāpi ‘‘maṇḍalamāḷo’’ti vuccati. Idha pana nisīdanasālā ‘‘maṇḍalamāḷo’’ti veditabbo. <span class="bld">Sannisinnāna</span>nti nisajjanavasena. <span class="bld">Sannipatitāna</span>nti samodhānavasena. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ saṅkhiyadhammo</span>ti saṅkhiyā vuccati kathā<a name="M1.0044"></a>, kathādhammoti attho. <span class="bld">Udapādī</span>ti uppanno. Katamo pana soti? Acchariyaṃ āvusoti evamādi. Tattha andhassa pabbatārohaṇaṃ viya niccaṃ na hotīti <span class="bld">acchariyaṃ.</span> Ayaṃ tāva saddanayo. Ayaṃ pana aṭṭhakathānayo – accharāyogganti <span class="bld">acchariyaṃ.</span> Accharaṃ paharituṃ yuttanti attho. Abhūtapubbaṃ bhūtanti <span class="bld">abbhutaṃ.</span> Ubhayaṃ petaṃ vimhayassevādhivacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Yāvañcida</span>nti yāva ca idaṃ tena suppaṭividitatāya appameyyattaṃ dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tena bhagavatā jānatā…pe… suppaṭividitā</span>ti etthāyaṃ saṅkhepattho. Yo so bhagavā samatiṃsa pāramiyo pūretvā sabbakilese bhañjitvā anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambuddho, tena bhagavatā tesaṃ tesaṃ sattānaṃ āsayānusayaṃ <span class="bld">jānatā,</span> hatthatale ṭhapitaṃ āmalakaṃ viya sabbañeyyadhammaṃ <span class="bld">passatā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Api ca pubbenivāsādīhi <span class="bld">jānatā,</span> dibbena cakkhunā <span class="bld">passatā.</span> Tīhi vijjāhi chahi vā pana abhiññāhi <span class="bld">jānatā,</span> sabbattha appaṭihatena samantacakkhunā <span class="bld">passatā. </span> Sabbadhammajānanasamatthāya vā paññāya <span class="bld">jānatā,</span> sabbasattānaṃ cakkhuvisayātītāni tirokuṭṭādigatānipi rūpāni ativisuddhena maṃsacakkhunā <span class="bld">passatā.</span> Attahitasādhikāya vā samādhipadaṭṭhānāya <a name="V1.0043"></a> paṭivedhapaññāya <span class="bld">jānatā,</span> parahitasādhikāya karuṇāpadaṭṭhānāya desanāpaññāya <span class="bld">passatā.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext">Arīnaṃ hatattā paccayādīnañca arahattā <span class="bld">arahatā.</span> Sammā sāmañca sabbadhammānaṃ buddhattā sammāsambuddhena antarāyikadhamme <a name="P1.0044"></a> vā <span class="bld">jānatā,</span> niyyānikadhamme <span class="bld">passatā,</span> kilesārīnaṃ hatattā <span class="bld">arahatā.</span> Sammā sāmañca sabbadhammānaṃ buddhattā <span class="bld">sammāsambuddhenā</span>ti. Evaṃ catūvesārajjavasena catūhākārehi thomitena sattānaṃ <span class="bld">nānādhimuttikatā</span> nānajjhāsayatā suppaṭividitā yāva ca <span class="bld">suṭṭhu paṭividitā.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext">Idānissa suppaṭividitabhāvaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">ayañhī</span>tiādimāha. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti yā ca ayaṃ bhagavatā ‘‘dhātuso, bhikkhave, sattā saṃsandanti samenti, hīnādhimuttikā hīnādhimuttikehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti, kalyāṇādhimuttikā kalyāṇādhimuttikehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti. Atītampi kho, bhikkhave, addhānaṃ dhātusova sattā saṃsandiṃsu samiṃsu, hīnādhimuttikā <a name="M1.0045"></a> hīnādhimuttikehi…pe… kalyāṇādhimuttikā kalyāṇādhimuttikehi saddhiṃ saṃsandiṃsu samiṃsu, anāgatampi kho, bhikkhave, addhānaṃ…pe… saṃsandissanti samessanti, etarahipi kho, bhikkhave, paccuppannaṃ addhānaṃ dhātusova sattā saṃsandanti samenti, hīnādhimuttikā hīnādhimuttikehi…pe… kalyāṇādhimuttikā kalyāṇādhimuttikehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samentī’’ti evaṃ sattānaṃ nānādhimuttikatā, nānajjhāsayatā, nānādiṭṭhikatā, nānākhantitā, nānārucitā, nāḷiyā minantena viya tulāya tulayantena viya ca nānādhimuttikatāñāṇena sabbaññutaññāṇena viditā, sā yāva suppaṭividitā. Dvepi nāma sattā ekajjhāsayā dullabhā lokasmiṃ. Ekasmiṃ gantukāme eko ṭhātukāmo hoti, ekasmiṃ pivitukāme eko bhuñjitukāmo. Imesu cāpi dvīsu ācariyantevāsīsu <span class="bld">ayañhi ‘‘suppiyo paribbājako…pe… bhagavantaṃ piṭṭhito piṭṭhito anubandhā honti bhikkhusaṅghañcā’’</span>ti. Tattha <span class="bld">itihame</span>ti itiha ime, evaṃ imeti attho. Sesaṃ vuttanayameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para4"></a><a name="para4_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">4</span>. <span class="bld">Atha kho bhagavā tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ imaṃ saṅkhiyadhammaṃ viditvā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">viditvā</span>ti sabbaññutaññāṇena jānitvā. Bhagavā hi katthaci maṃsacakkhunā disvā jānāti – ‘‘addasā kho bhagavā mahantaṃ dārukkhandhaṃ gaṅgāya nadiyā sotena vuyhamāna’’ntiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 4.241) viya. Katthaci dibbacakkhunā disvā jānāti – ‘‘addasā kho bhagavā dibbena cakkhunā <a name="P1.0045"></a> visuddhena atikkantamānusakena tā devatāyo sahassasseva pāṭaligāme vatthūni parigaṇhantiyo’’tiādīsu <a name="V1.0044"></a> (dī. ni. 2.152) viya. Katthaci pakatisotena sutvā jānāti – ‘‘assosi kho bhagavā āyasmato ānandassa subhaddena paribbājakena saddhiṃ imaṃ kathāsallāpa’’ntiādīsu (dī. ni. 2.213) viya. Katthaci dibbasotena sutvā jānāti – ‘‘assosi kho bhagavā dibbāya sotadhātuyā visuddhāya atikkantamānusikāya sandhānassa gahapatissa nigrodhena paribbājakena saddhiṃ imaṃ kathāsallāpa’’ntiādīsu (dī. ni. 3.54) viya. Idha pana sabbaññutaññāṇena sutvā aññāsi. Kiṃ karonto aññāsi? Pacchimayāmakiccaṃ, kiccañca nāmetaṃ sātthakaṃ, niratthakanti duvidhaṃ hoti. Tattha niratthakakiccaṃ bhagavatā bodhipallaṅkeyeva arahattamaggena samugghātaṃ kataṃ. Sātthakaṃyeva pana <a name="M1.0046"></a> bhagavato kiccaṃ hoti. Taṃ pañcavidhaṃ – purebhattakiccaṃ, pacchābhattakiccaṃ, purimayāmakiccaṃ, majjhimayāmakiccaṃ, pacchimayāmakiccanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatridaṃ purebhattakiccaṃ –</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bhagavā hi pātova uṭṭhāya upaṭṭhākānuggahatthaṃ sarīraphāsukatthañca mukhadhovanādisarīraparikammaṃ katvā yāva bhikkhācāravelā tāva vivittāsane vītināmetvā, bhikkhācāravelāyaṃ nivāsetvā kāyabandhanaṃ bandhitvā cīvaraṃ pārupitvā pattamādāya kadāci ekako, kadāci bhikkhusaṅghaparivuto, gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā piṇḍāya pavisati; kadāci pakatiyā, kadāci anekehi pāṭihāriyehi vattamānehi. Seyyathidaṃ, piṇḍāya pavisato lokanāthassa purato purato gantvā mudugatavātā pathaviṃ sodhenti, valāhakā udakaphusitāni muñcantā magge reṇuṃ vūpasametvā upari vitānaṃ hutvā tiṭṭhanti, apare vātā pupphāni upasaṃharitvā magge okiranti, unnatā bhūmippadesā onamanti, onatā unnamanti, pādanikkhepasamaye samāva bhūmi hoti, sukhasamphassāni padumapupphāni vā pāde sampaṭicchanti. Indakhīlassa anto ṭhapitamatte dakkhiṇapāde sarīrato chabbaṇṇarasmiyo nikkhamitvā suvaṇṇarasapiñjarāni viya citrapaṭaparikkhittāni viya ca pāsādakūṭāgārādīni alaṅkarontiyo ito cito <a name="P1.0046"></a> ca dhāvanti, hatthiassavihaṅgādayo sakasakaṭṭhānesu ṭhitāyeva madhurenākārena saddaṃ karonti, tathā bherivīṇādīni tūriyāni manussānañca kāyūpagāni ābharaṇāni. Tena saññāṇena manussā jānanti – ‘‘ajja bhagavā idha piṇḍāya paviṭṭho’’ti. Te sunivatthā supārutā gandhapupphādīni ādāya gharā nikkhamitvā antaravīthiṃ paṭipajjitvā bhagavantaṃ gandhapupphādīhi sakkaccaṃ pūjetvā vanditvā – ‘‘amhākaṃ, bhante, dasa bhikkhū, amhākaṃ vīsati, paññāsaṃ…pe… sataṃ dethā’’ti yācitvā bhagavatopi pattaṃ gahetvā āsanaṃ <a name="V1.0045"></a> paññapetvā sakkaccaṃ piṇḍapātena paṭimānenti. Bhagavā katabhattakicco tesaṃ sattānaṃ cittasantānāni oloketvā tathā dhammaṃ deseti, yathā keci saraṇagamanesu patiṭṭhahanti, keci pañcasu sīlesu, keci sotāpattisakadāgāmianāgāmiphalānaṃ aññatarasmiṃ; keci pabbajitvā aggaphale arahatteti. Evaṃ mahājanaṃ anuggahetvā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ gacchati. Tattha <a name="M1.0047"></a> gantvā maṇḍalamāḷe paññattavarabuddhāsane nisīdati, bhikkhūnaṃ bhattakiccapariyosānaṃ āgamayamāno. Tato bhikkhūnaṃ bhattakiccapariyosāne upaṭṭhāko bhagavato nivedeti. Atha bhagavā gandhakuṭiṃ pavisati. Idaṃ tāva <span class="bld">purebhattakiccaṃ.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha bhagavā evaṃ katapurebhattakicco gandhakuṭiyā upaṭṭhāne nisīditvā pāde pakkhāletvā pādapīṭhe ṭhatvā bhikkhusaṅghaṃ ovadati – ‘‘bhikkhave, appamādena sampādetha, dullabho buddhuppādo lokasmiṃ, dullabho manussattapaṭilābho, dullabhā sampatti, dullabhā pabbajjā, dullabhaṃ saddhammassavana’’nti. Tattha keci bhagavantaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ pucchanti. Bhagavāpi tesaṃ cariyānurūpaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ deti. Tato sabbepi bhagavantaṃ vanditvā attano attano rattiṭṭhānadivāṭṭhānāni gacchanti. Keci araññaṃ, keci rukkhamūlaṃ, keci pabbatādīnaṃ aññataraṃ, keci cātumahārājikabhavanaṃ…pe… keci vasavattibhavananti. Tato bhagavā gandhakuṭiṃ pavisitvā sace ākaṅkhati, dakkhiṇena <a name="P1.0047"></a> passena sato sampajāno muhuttaṃ sīhaseyyaṃ kappeti. Atha samassāsitakāyo vuṭṭhahitvā dutiyabhāge lokaṃ voloketi. Tatiyabhāge yaṃ gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā upanissāya viharati tattha mahājano purebhattaṃ dānaṃ datvā pacchābhattaṃ sunivattho supāruto gandhapupphādīni ādāya vihāre sannipatati. Tato bhagavā sampattaparisāya anurūpena pāṭihāriyena gantvā dhammasabhāyaṃ paññattavarabuddhāsane nisajja dhammaṃ deseti kālayuttaṃ samayayuttaṃ, atha kālaṃ viditvā parisaṃ uyyojeti, manussā bhagavantaṃ vanditvā pakkamanti. Idaṃ <span class="bld">pacchābhattakiccaṃ.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext">So evaṃ niṭṭhitapacchābhattakicco sace gattāni osiñcitukāmo hoti, buddhāsanā vuṭṭhāya nhānakoṭṭhakaṃ pavisitvā upaṭṭhākena paṭiyāditaudakena gattāni utuṃ gaṇhāpeti. Upaṭṭhākopi buddhāsanaṃ ānetvā gandhakuṭipariveṇe paññapeti. Bhagavā surattadupaṭṭaṃ nivāsetvā kāyabandhanaṃ bandhitvā uttarāsaṅgaṃ ekaṃsaṃ karitvā tattha gantvā nisīdati ekakova muhuttaṃ paṭisallīno, atha bhikkhū tato tato āgamma bhagavato upaṭṭhānaṃ āgacchanti. Tattha ekacce pañhaṃ pucchanti, ekacce kammaṭṭhānaṃ, ekacce <a name="M1.0048"></a> dhammassavanaṃ yācanti. Bhagavā tesaṃ adhippāyaṃ sampādento purimayāmaṃ vītināmeti. Idaṃ <span class="bld">purimayāmakiccaṃ.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext">Purimayāmakiccapariyosāne <a name="V1.0046"></a> pana bhikkhūsu bhagavantaṃ vanditvā pakkantesu sakaladasasahassilokadhātudevatāyo okāsaṃ labhamānā bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamitvā pañhaṃ pucchanti, yathābhisaṅkhataṃ antamaso caturakkharampi. Bhagavā tāsaṃ devatānaṃ pañhaṃ vissajjento majjhimayāmaṃ vītināmeti. Idaṃ <span class="bld">majjhimayāmakiccaṃ.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext">Pacchimayāmaṃ pana tayo koṭṭhāse katvā purebhattato paṭṭhāya nisajjāya pīḷitassa sarīrassa kilāsubhāvamocanatthaṃ ekaṃ koṭṭhāsaṃ caṅkamena vītināmeti. Dutiyakoṭṭhāse gandhakuṭiṃ pavisitvā dakkhiṇena passena sato sampajāno sīhaseyyaṃ kappeti. Tatiyakoṭṭhāse paccuṭṭhāya nisīditvā purimabuddhānaṃ santike dānasīlādivasena katādhikārapuggaladassanatthaṃ <a name="P1.0048"></a> buddhacakkhunā lokaṃ voloketi. Idaṃ <span class="bld">pacchimayāmakiccaṃ.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext">Tasmiṃ pana divase bhagavā purebhattakiccaṃ rājagahe pariyosāpetvā pacchābhatte maggaṃ āgato, purimayāme bhikkhūnaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ kathetvā, majjhimayāme devatānaṃ pañhaṃ vissajjetvā, pacchimayāme caṅkamaṃ āruyha caṅkamamāno pañcannaṃ bhikkhusatānaṃ imaṃ sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ ārabbha pavattaṃ kathaṃ sabbaññutaññāṇeneva sutvā aññāsīti. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘pacchimayāmakiccaṃ karonto aññāsī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ñatvā ca panassa etadahosi – ‘‘ime bhikkhū mayhaṃ sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ ārabbha guṇaṃ kathenti, etesañca sabbaññutaññāṇakiccaṃ na pākaṭaṃ, mayhameva pākaṭaṃ. Mayi pana gate ete attano kathaṃ nirantaraṃ ārocessanti, tato nesaṃ ahaṃ taṃ aṭṭhuppattiṃ katvā tividhaṃ sīlaṃ vibhajanto, dvāsaṭṭhiyā ṭhānesu appaṭivattiyaṃ sīhanādaṃ nadanto, paccayākāraṃ samodhānetvā buddhaguṇe pākaṭe katvā, sineruṃ ukkhipento viya suvaṇṇakūṭena nabhaṃ paharanto viya ca dasasahassilokadhātukampanaṃ brahmajālasuttantaṃ arahattanikūṭena niṭṭhāpento desessāmi, sā me desanā parinibbutassāpi pañcavassasahassāni sattānaṃ amatamahānibbānaṃ sampāpikā bhavissatī’’ti. Evaṃ cintetvā yena maṇḍalamāḷo tenupasaṅkamīti<a name="M1.0049"></a>. <span class="bld">Yenā</span>ti yena disābhāgena, so upasaṅkamitabbo. Bhummatthe vā etaṃ karaṇavacanaṃ, yasmiṃ padese so maṇḍalamāḷo, tattha gatoti ayamettha attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paññatte āsane nisīdī</span>ti buddhakāle kira yattha yattha ekopi bhikkhu viharati sabbattha buddhāsanaṃ paññattameva hoti. Kasmā? Bhagavā kira attano santike kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā phāsukaṭṭhāne <a name="V1.0047"></a> viharante manasi karoti – ‘‘asuko mayhaṃ santike kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā gato, sakkhissati nu kho visesaṃ nibbattetuṃ no vā’’ti. Atha naṃ passati kammaṭṭhānaṃ vissajjetvā akusalavitakkaṃ vitakkayamānaṃ, tato ‘‘kathañhi nāma mādisassa satthu santike kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā <a name="P1.0049"></a> viharantaṃ imaṃ kulaputtaṃ akusalavitakkā abhibhavitvā anamatagge vaṭṭadukkhe saṃsāressantī’’ti tassa anuggahatthaṃ tattheva attānaṃ dassetvā taṃ kulaputtaṃ ovaditvā ākāsaṃ uppatitvā puna attano vasanaṭṭhānameva gacchati. Athevaṃ ovadiyamānā te bhikkhū cintayiṃsu – ‘‘satthā amhākaṃ manaṃ jānitvā āgantvā amhākaṃ samīpe ṭhitaṃyeva attānaṃ dasseti’’. Tasmiṃ khaṇe – ‘‘bhante, idha nisīdatha, idha nisīdathā’’ti āsanapariyesanaṃ nāma bhāroti. Te āsanaṃ paññapetvāva viharanti. Yassa pīṭhaṃ atthi, so taṃ paññapeti. Yassa natthi, so mañcaṃ vā phalakaṃ vā kaṭṭhaṃ vā pāsāṇaṃ vā vālukapuñjaṃ vā paññapeti. Taṃ alabhamānā purāṇapaṇṇānipi saṅkaḍḍhitvā tattha paṃsukūlaṃ pattharitvā ṭhapenti. Idha pana rañño nisīdanāsanameva atthi, taṃ papphoṭetvā paññapetvā parivāretvā te bhikkhū bhagavato adhimuttikañāṇamārabbha guṇaṃ thomayamānā nisīdiṃsu. Taṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ – ‘‘paññatte āsane nisīdī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ nisinno pana jānantoyeva kathāsamuṭṭhāpanatthaṃ bhikkhū pucchi. Te cassa sabbaṃ kathayiṃsu. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘nisajja kho bhagavā’’tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">kāya nutthā</span>ti katamāya nu kathāya sannisinnā bhavathāti attho. <span class="bld">Kāya netthā</span>tipi pāḷi, tassā katamāya nu etthāti attho <span class="bld">kāya notthā</span>tipi pāḷi. Tassāpi purimoyeva attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Antarākathā</span>ti<a name="M1.0050"></a>, kammaṭṭhānamanasikārauddesaparipucchādīnaṃ antarā aññā ekā kathā. <span class="bld">Vippakatā</span>ti, mama āgamanapaccayā apariniṭṭhitā sikhaṃ appattā. Tena kiṃ dasseti? ‘‘Nāhaṃ tumhākaṃ kathābhaṅgatthaṃ āgato, ahaṃ pana sabbaññutāya tumhākaṃ kathaṃ niṭṭhāpetvā matthakappattaṃ katvā dassāmīti āgato’’ti nisajjeva sabbaññupavāraṇaṃ pavāreti. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ kho no, bhante, antarākathā vippakatā<a name="P1.0050"></a>, atha bhagavā anuppatto</span>ti etthāpi ayamadhippāyo. Ayaṃ bhante amhākaṃ bhagavato sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ ārabbha guṇakathā vippakatā, na rājakathādikā tiracchānakathā, atha bhagavā anuppatto; taṃ no idāni niṭṭhāpetvā desethāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettāvatā ca yaṃ āyasmatā ānandena kamalakuvalayujjalavimalasādhurasasalilāya pokkharaṇiyā sukhāvataraṇatthaṃ nimmalasilātalaracanavilāsasobhitaratanasopānaṃ, vippakiṇṇamuttātalasadisavālukākiṇṇapaṇḍarabhūmibhāgaṃ <a name="V1.0048"></a> titthaṃ viya suvibhattabhittivicitravedikāparikkhittassa nakkhattapathaṃ phusitukāmatāya viya, vijambhitasamussayassa pāsādavarassa sukhārohaṇatthaṃ dantamayasaṇhamuduphalakakañcanalatāvinaddhamaṇigaṇappabhāsamudayujjalasobhaṃ sopānaṃ viya, suvaṇṇavalayanūpurādisaṅghaṭṭanasaddasammissitakathitahasitamadhurassaragehajanavicaritassa uḷārissarivibhavasobhitassa mahāgharassa sukhappavesanatthaṃ suvaṇṇarajatamaṇimuttapavāḷādijutivissaravijjotitasuppatiṭṭhitavisāladvārabāhaṃ mahādvāraṃ viya ca atthabyañjanasampannassa buddhaguṇānubhāvasaṃsūcakassa imassa suttassa sukhāvagahaṇatthaṃ kāladesadesakavatthuparisāpadesapaṭimaṇḍitaṃ nidānaṃ bhāsitaṃ, tassatthavaṇṇanā samattāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para5"></a><a name="para5_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">5</span>. Idāni – ‘‘mamaṃ vā, bhikkhave, pare avaṇṇaṃ bhāseyyu’’ntiādinā nayena bhagavatā nikkhittassa suttassa vaṇṇanāya okāso anuppatto. Sā panesā suttavaṇṇanā. Yasmā suttanikkhepaṃ vicāretvā vuccamānā pākaṭā hoti, tasmā suttanikkhepaṃ tāva vicārayissāma. Cattāro hi suttanikkhepā – attajjhāsayo, parajjhāsayo, pucchāvasiko, aṭṭhuppattikoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="M1.0051"></a> yāni suttāni bhagavā parehi anajjhiṭṭho kevalaṃ attano ajjhāsayeneva kathesi; seyyathidaṃ, ākaṅkheyyasuttaṃ, vatthasuttaṃ, mahāsatipaṭṭhānaṃ, mahāsaḷāyatanavibhaṅgasuttaṃ, ariyavaṃsasuttaṃ, sammappadhānasuttantahārako, iddhipādaindriyabalabojjhaṅgamaggaṅgasuttantahārakoti evamādīni; tesaṃ attajjhāsayo nikkhepo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yāni pana ‘‘paripakkā kho rāhulassa vimuttiparipācaniyā dhammā; yaṃnūnāhaṃ rāhulaṃ uttariṃ <a name="P1.0051"></a> āsavānaṃ khaye vineyya’’nti; (saṃ. ni. 4.121) evaṃ paresaṃ ajjhāsayaṃ khantiṃ manaṃ abhinīhāraṃ bujjhanabhāvañca avekkhitvā parajjhāsayavasena kathitāni; seyyathidaṃ, cūḷarāhulovādasuttaṃ, mahārāhulovādasuttaṃ, dhammacakkappavattanaṃ, dhātuvibhaṅgasuttanti evamādīni; tesaṃ parajjhāsayo nikkhepo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bhagavantaṃ pana upasaṅkamitvā catasso parisā, cattāro vaṇṇā, nāgā, supaṇṇā, gandhabbā, asurā, yakkhā, mahārājāno, tāvatiṃsādayo devā, mahābrahmāti evamādayo – ‘‘bojjhaṅgā bojjhaṅgā’’ti, bhante, vuccanti. ‘‘Nīvaraṇā nīvaraṇā’’ti, bhante, vuccanti; ‘‘ime nu kho, bhante, pañcupādānakkhandhā’’. ‘‘Kiṃ sūdha vittaṃ purisassa seṭṭha’’ntiādinā nayena pañhaṃ <a name="V1.0049"></a> pucchanti. Evaṃ puṭṭhena bhagavatā yāni kathitāni bojjhaṅgasaṃyuttādīni, yāni vā panaññānipi devatāsaṃyutta-mārasaṃyutta-brahmasaṃyutta-sakkapañha-cūḷavedalla-mahāvedalla-sāmaññaphala-āḷavaka-sūciloma-kharalomasuttādīni; tesaṃ pucchāvasiko nikkhepo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yāni pana tāni uppannaṃ kāraṇaṃ paṭicca kathitāni, seyyathidaṃ – dhammadāyādaṃ, cūḷasīhanādaṃ, candūpamaṃ, puttamaṃsūpamaṃ, dārukkhandhūpamaṃ, aggikkhandhūpamaṃ, pheṇapiṇḍūpamaṃ, pāricchattakūpamanti evamādīni; tesaṃ aṭṭhuppattiko nikkhepo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evametesu catūsu nikkhepesu imassa suttassa aṭṭhuppattiko nikkhepo. Aṭṭhuppattiyā hi idaṃ bhagavatā nikkhittaṃ. Katarāya aṭṭhuppattiyā? Vaṇṇāvaṇṇe. Ācariyo ratanattayassa avaṇṇaṃ abhāsi, antevāsī vaṇṇaṃ. Iti imaṃ vaṇṇāvaṇṇaṃ aṭṭhuppattiṃ katvā desanākusalo bhagavā – ‘‘mamaṃ vā, bhikkhave, pare avaṇṇaṃ bhāseyyu’’nti desanaṃ ārabhi. Tattha <span class="bld">mama</span>nti<a name="M1.0052"></a>, sāmivacanaṃ, mamāti attho. <span class="bld">Vā</span>saddo vikappanattho. <span class="bld">Pare</span>ti, paṭiviruddhā sattā. <span class="bld">Tatrā</span>ti ye avaṇṇaṃ vadanti tesu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Na āghātotiādīhi kiñcāpi tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ āghātoyeva natthi, atha kho āyatiṃ kulaputtānaṃ īdisesupi ṭhānesu akusaluppattiṃ paṭisedhento dhammanettiṃ <a name="P1.0052"></a> ṭhapeti. Tattha āhanati cittanti <span class="bld">‘āghāto’;</span> kopassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Appatītā honti tena atuṭṭhā asomanassikāti <span class="bld">appaccayo;</span> domanassassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Neva attano na paresaṃ hitaṃ abhirādhayatīti <span class="bld">anabhiraddhi;</span> kopassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Evamettha dvīhi padehi saṅkhārakkhandho, ekena vedanākkhandhoti dve khandhā vuttā. Tesaṃ vasena sesānampi sampayuttadhammānaṃ kāraṇaṃ paṭikkhittameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ paṭhamena nayena manopadosaṃ nivāretvā, dutiyena nayena tattha ādīnavaṃ dassento āha – ‘‘tatra ce tumhe assatha kupitā vā anattamanā vā, tumhaṃ yevassa tena antarāyo’’ti. Tattha <span class="bld">‘tatra ce tumhe assathā’</span>ti tesu avaṇṇabhāsakesu, tasmiṃ vā avaṇṇe tumhe bhaveyyātha ce; yadi bhaveyyāthāti attho. ‘Kupitā’ kopena, anattamanā domanassena. <span class="bld">‘Tumhaṃ yevassa tena antarāyo’</span>ti tumhākaṃyeva tena kopena, tāya ca anattamanatāya paṭhamajjhānādīnaṃ antarāyo bhaveyya.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ <a name="V1.0050"></a> dutiyena nayena ādīnavaṃ dassetvā, tatiyena nayena vacanatthasallakkhaṇamattepi asamatthataṃ dassento – ‘‘api nu tumhe paresa’’ntiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">paresa</span>nti yesaṃ kesaṃ ci. Kupito hi neva buddhapaccekabuddhaariyasāvakānaṃ, na mātāpitūnaṃ, na paccatthikānaṃ subhāsitadubbhāsitassa atthaṃ ājānāti. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Kuddho atthaṃ na jānāti, kuddho dhammaṃ na passati;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Andhaṃ tamaṃ tadā hoti, yaṃ kodho sahate naraṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Anatthajanano kodho, kodho cittappakopano;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Bhayamantarato jātaṃ, taṃ jano nāvabujjhatī’’ti. (a. ni. 7.64);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ <a name="M1.0053"></a> sabbathāpi avaṇṇe manopadosaṃ nisedhetvā idāni paṭipajjitabbākāraṃ dassento – ‘‘tatra tumhehi abhūtaṃ abhūtato’’tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">tatra tumhehī</span>ti, tasmiṃ avaṇṇe tumhehi. <span class="bld">Abhūtaṃ abhūtato nibbeṭhetabba</span>nti yaṃ abhūtaṃ, taṃ abhūtabhāveneva <a name="P1.0053"></a> apanetabbaṃ. Kathaṃ? <span class="bld">Itipetaṃ abhūta</span>ntiādinā nayena. Tatrāyaṃ yojanā – ‘‘tumhākaṃ satthā na sabbaññū, dhammo durakkhāto, saṅgho duppaṭipanno’’tiādīni sutvā na tuṇhī bhavitabbaṃ. Evaṃ pana vattabbaṃ – ‘‘iti petaṃ abhūtaṃ, yaṃ tumhehi vuttaṃ, taṃ imināpi kāraṇena abhūtaṃ, imināpi kāraṇena atacchaṃ, <span class="bld">‘natthi cetaṃ amhesu’,</span> ‘na ca panetaṃ amhesu saṃvijjati’, sabbaññūyeva amhākaṃ satthā, svākkhāto dhammo, suppaṭipanno saṅgho, tatra idañcidañca kāraṇa’’nti. Ettha ca dutiyaṃ padaṃ paṭhamassa, catutthañca tatiyassa vevacananti veditabbaṃ. Idañca avaṇṇeyeva nibbeṭhanaṃ kātabbaṃ, na sabbattha. Yadi hi ‘‘tvaṃ dussīlo, tavācariyo dussīlo, idañcidañca tayā kataṃ, tavācariyena kata’’nti vutte tuṇhībhūto adhivāseti, āsaṅkanīyo hoti. Tasmā manopadosaṃ akatvā avaṇṇo nibbeṭhetabbo. ‘‘Oṭṭhosi, goṇosī’’tiādinā pana nayena dasahi akkosavatthūhi akkosantaṃ puggalaṃ ajjhupekkhitvā adhivāsanakhantiyeva tattha kātabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para6"></a><a name="para6_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">6</span>. Evaṃ avaṇṇabhūmiyaṃ tādilakkhaṇaṃ dassetvā idāni vaṇṇabhūmiyaṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘mamaṃ vā, bhikkhave, pare vaṇṇaṃ bhāseyyu’’ntiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">pare</span>ti ye keci pasannā devamanussā. Ānandanti etenāti <span class="bld">ānando,</span> pītiyā etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Sumanassa bhāvo <span class="bld">somanassaṃ,</span> cetasikasukhassetaṃ <a name="V1.0051"></a> adhivacanaṃ. Uppilāvino bhāvo <span class="bld">uppilāvitattaṃ</span>. Kassa uppilāvitattanti? <span class="bld">Cetaso</span>ti. Uddhaccāvahāya uppilāpanapītiyā etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Idhāpi dvīhi padehi saṅkhārakkhandho, ekena vedanākkhandho vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ paṭhamanayena uppilāvitattaṃ nivāretvā, dutiyena tattha ādīnavaṃ dassento – ‘‘tatra ce tumhe assathā’’tiādimāha. Idhāpi <span class="bld">tumhaṃ yevassa tena antarāyo</span>ti tena uppilāvitattena tumhākaṃyeva paṭhamajjhānādīnaṃ <a name="M1.0054"></a> antarāyo bhaveyyāti attho veditabbo. Kasmā <a name="P1.0054"></a> panetaṃ vuttaṃ? Nanu bhagavatā –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Buddhoti kittayantassa, kāye bhavati yā pīti;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Varameva hi sā pīti, kasiṇenāpi jambudīpassa.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Dhammoti kittayantassa, kāye bhavati yā pīti;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Varameva hi sā pīti, kasiṇenāpi jambudīpassa.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Saṅghoti kittayantassa, kāye bhavati yā pīti;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Varameva hi sā pīti, kasiṇenāpi jambudīpassā’’ti ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Ye, bhikkhave, buddhe pasannā, agge te pasannā’’ti ca evamādīhi anekasatehi suttehi ratanattaye pītisomanassameva vaṇṇitanti. Saccaṃ vaṇṇitaṃ, taṃ pana nekkhammanissitaṃ. Idha – ‘‘amhākaṃ buddho, amhākaṃ dhammo’’tiādinā nayena āyasmato channassa uppannasadisaṃ gehassitaṃ pītisomanassaṃ adhippetaṃ. Idañhi jhānādipaṭilābhāya antarāyakaraṃ hoti. Tenevāyasmā channopi yāva buddho na parinibbāyi, tāva visesaṃ nibbattetuṃ nāsakkhi, parinibbānakāle paññattena pana brahmadaṇḍena tajjito taṃ pītisomanassaṃ pahāya visesaṃ nibbattesi. Tasmā antarāyakaraṃyeva sandhāya idaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Ayañhi lobhasahagatā pīti. Lobho ca kodhasadisova. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Luddho atthaṃ na jānāti, luddho dhammaṃ na passati;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Andhaṃ tamaṃ tadā hoti, yaṃ lobho sahate naraṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Anatthajanano <a name="V1.0052"></a> lobho, lobho cittappakopano;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Bhayamantarato jātaṃ, taṃ jano nāvabujjhatī’’ti. (itivu. 88);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatiyavāro pana idha anāgatopi atthato āgato yevāti veditabbo. Yatheva hi kuddho, evaṃ luddhopi atthaṃ na jānātīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paṭipajjitabbākāradassanavāre panāyaṃ yojanā – ‘‘tumhākaṃ satthā sabbaññū arahaṃ sammāsambuddho, dhammo svākkhāto, saṅgho suppaṭipanno’’tiādīni sutvā na tuṇhī bhavitabbaṃ. Evaṃ pana paṭijānitabbaṃ – <span class="bld">‘‘itipetaṃ bhūtaṃ</span><a name="M1.0055"></a>, yaṃ tumhehi vuttaṃ, taṃ imināpi kāraṇena bhūtaṃ, imināpi kāraṇena tacchaṃ. So hi bhagavā itipi arahaṃ, itipi sammāsambuddho; dhammo itipi svākkhāto, itipi sandiṭṭhiko<a name="P1.0055"></a>; saṅgho itipi suppaṭipanno, itipi ujuppaṭipanno’’ti. ‘‘Tvaṃ sīlavā’’ti pucchitenāpi sace sīlavā, ‘‘sīlavāhamasmī’’ti paṭijānitabbameva. ‘‘Tvaṃ paṭhamassa jhānassa lābhī…pe… arahā’’ti puṭṭhenāpi sabhāgānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃyeva paṭijānitabbaṃ. Evañhi pāpicchatā ceva parivajjitā hoti, sāsanassa ca amoghatā dīpitā hotīti. Sesaṃ vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Cūḷasīlavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para7"></a><a name="para7_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">7</span>. <span class="bld">Appamattakaṃ kho panetaṃ, bhikkhave</span>ti ko anusandhi? Idaṃ suttaṃ dvīhi padehi ābaddhaṃ vaṇṇena ca avaṇṇena ca. Tattha avaṇṇo – ‘‘iti petaṃ abhūtaṃ iti petaṃ ataccha’’nti, ettheva udakantaṃ patvā aggiviya nivatto. Vaṇṇo pana bhūtaṃ bhūtato paṭijānitabbaṃ – ‘‘iti petaṃ bhūta’’nti evaṃ anuvattatiyeva. So pana duvidho brahmadattena bhāsitavaṇṇo ca bhikkhusaṅghena acchariyaṃ āvusotiādinā nayena āraddhavaṇṇo ca. Tesu bhikkhusaṅghena vuttavaṇṇassa upari suññatāpakāsane anusandhiṃ dassessati. Idha pana brahmadattena vuttavaṇṇassa anusandhiṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘appamattakaṃ kho panetaṃ, bhikkhave’’ti desanā āraddhā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">appamattaka</span>nti parittassa nāmaṃ. <span class="bld">Oramattaka</span>nti tasseva vevacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Mattā</span>ti vuccati pamāṇaṃ. Appaṃ mattā etassāti <span class="bld">appamattakaṃ.</span> Oraṃ mattā etassāti <span class="bld">oramattakaṃ.</span> Sīlameva <span class="bld">sīlamattakaṃ.</span> Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – ‘appamattakaṃ kho, panetaṃ bhikkhave, oramattakaṃ sīlamattakaṃ’ nāma <a name="V1.0053"></a> yena ‘‘tathāgatassa vaṇṇaṃ vadāmī’’ti ussāhaṃ katvāpi vaṇṇaṃ vadamāno puthujjano vadeyyāti. Tattha siyā – nanu idaṃ sīlaṃ nāma yogino aggavibhūsanaṃ? Yathāhu porāṇā –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Sīlaṃ yogissa’laṅkāro, sīlaṃ yogissa maṇḍanaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sīlehi’laṅkato yogī, maṇḍane aggataṃ gato’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bhagavatāpi <a name="M1.0056"></a> ca anekesu suttasatesu sīlaṃ mahantameva katvā kathitaṃ. Yathāha – ‘‘ākaṅkheyya ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhu <a name="P1.0056"></a> ‘sabrahmacārīnaṃ piyo cassaṃ manāpo ca garu ca bhāvanīyo cā’ti, sīlesvevassa paripūrakārī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.65) ca.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Kikīva aṇḍaṃ, camarīva vāladhiṃ;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Piyaṃva puttaṃ, nayanaṃva ekakaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha3">Tatheva sīlaṃ, anurakkhamānā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Supesalā hotha, sadā sagāravā’’ti ca.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Na pupphagandho paṭivātameti;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Na candanaṃ taggaramallikā vā.</p>
<p class="gatha3">Satañca gandho paṭivātameti;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sabbā disā sappuriso pavāyati.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Candanaṃ tagaraṃ vāpi, uppalaṃ atha vassikī;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Etesaṃ gandhajātānaṃ, sīlagandho anuttaro.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Appamatto ayaṃ gandho, yvāyaṃ tagaracandanaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Yo ca sīlavataṃ gandho, vāti devesu uttamo.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Tesaṃ sampannasīlānaṃ, appamādavihārinaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sammadaññā vimuttānaṃ, māro maggaṃ na vindatī’’ti ca. (dha. pa. 57);</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Sīle <a name="V1.0054"></a> patiṭṭhāya naro sapañño, cittaṃ paññañca bhāvayaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Ātāpī nipako bhikkhu, so imaṃ vijaṭaye jaṭa’’nti ca. (saṃ. ni. 1.23);</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, ye keci bījagāmabhūtagāmā vuḍḍhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ āpajjanti, sabbe te pathaviṃ nissāya, pathaviyaṃ patiṭṭhāya; evamete bījagāmabhūtagāmā vuḍḍhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ āpajjanti. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sīlaṃ nissāya sīle patiṭṭhāya sattabojjhaṅge bhāvento sattabojjhaṅge bahulīkaronto vuḍḍhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ pāpuṇāti dhammesū’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.150) ca. Evaṃ aññānipi anekāni suttāni daṭṭhabbāni. Evamanekesu suttasatesu sīlaṃ mahantameva katvā kathitaṃ. Taṃ ‘‘kasmā <a name="M1.0057"></a> imasmiṃ ṭhāne appamattaka’’nti āhāti? Upari <a name="P1.0057"></a> guṇe upanidhāya. Sīlañhi samādhiṃ na pāpuṇāti, samādhi paññaṃ na pāpuṇāti, tasmā uparimaṃ upanidhāya heṭṭhimaṃ oramattakaṃ nāma hoti. Kathaṃ sīlaṃ samādhiṃ na pāpuṇāti? Bhagavā hi abhisambodhito sattame saṃvacchare sāvatthinagara – dvāre kaṇḍambarukkhamūle dvādasayojane ratanamaṇḍape yojanappamāṇe ratanapallaṅke nisīditvā tiyojanike dibbasetacchatte dhāriyamāne dvādasayojanāya parisāya attādānaparidīpanaṃ titthiyamaddanaṃ – ‘‘uparimakāyato aggikkhandho pavattati, heṭṭhimakāyato udakadhārā pavattati…pe… ekekalomakūpato aggikkhandho pavattati, ekekalomakūpato udakadhārā pavattati, channaṃ vaṇṇāna’’ntiādinayappavattaṃ yamakapāṭihāriyaṃ dasseti. Tassa suvaṇṇavaṇṇasarīrato suvaṇṇavaṇṇā rasmiyo uggantvā yāva bhavaggā gacchanti, sakaladasasahassacakkavāḷassa alaṅkaraṇakālo viya hoti, dutiyā dutiyā rasmiyo purimāya purimāya yamakayamakā viya ekakkhaṇe viya pavattanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dvinnañca cittānaṃ ekakkhaṇe pavatti nāma natthi. Buddhānaṃ pana bhagavantānaṃ bhavaṅgaparivāsassa lahukatāya pañcahākārehi āciṇṇavasitāya ca, tā ekakkhaṇe viya pavattanti. Tassā tassā pana rasmiyā āvajjanaparikammādhiṭṭhānāni visuṃ visuṃyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nīlarasmiatthāya hi bhagavā nīlakasiṇaṃ samāpajjati, pītarasmiatthāya pītakasiṇaṃ, lohitaodātarasmiatthāya lohitaodātakasiṇaṃ, aggikkhandhatthāya tejokasiṇaṃ, udakadhāratthāya āpokasiṇaṃ samāpajjati. Satthā caṅkamati, nimmito tiṭṭhati vā nisīdati vā seyyaṃ vā kappetīti <a name="V1.0055"></a> sabbaṃ vitthāretabbaṃ. Ettha ekampi sīlassa kiccaṃ natthi, sabbaṃ samādhikiccameva. Evaṃ sīlaṃ samādhiṃ na pāpuṇāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yaṃ pana bhagavā kappasatasahassādhikāni cattāri asaṅkhyeyyāni pāramiyo pūretvā, ekūnatiṃsavassakāle cakkavattisirīnivāsabhūtā bhavanā nikkhamma anomānadītīre <a name="P1.0058"></a> pabbajitvā, chabbassāni padhānayogaṃ katvā, visākhapuṇṇamāyaṃ uruvelagāme sujātāya dinnaṃ pakkhittadibbojaṃ madhupāyāsaṃ paribhuñjitvā, sāyanhasamaye dakkhiṇuttarena bodhimaṇḍaṃ pavisitvā <a name="M1.0058"></a> assatthadumarājānaṃ tikkhattuṃ padakkhiṇaṃ katvā, pubbuttarabhāge ṭhito tiṇasanthāraṃ santharitvā, tisandhipallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā, caturaṅgasamannāgataṃ mettākammaṭṭhānaṃ pubbaṅgamaṃ katvā, vīriyādhiṭṭhānaṃ adhiṭṭhāya, cuddasahatthapallaṅkavaragato suvaṇṇapīṭhe ṭhapitaṃ rajatakkhandhaṃ viya paññāsahatthaṃ bodhikkhandhaṃ piṭṭhito katvā, upari maṇichattena viya bodhisākhāya dhāriyamāno, suvaṇṇavaṇṇe cīvare pavāḷasadisesu bodhiaṅkuresu patamānesu, sūriye atthaṃ upagacchante mārabalaṃ vidhamitvā, paṭhamayāme pubbenivāsaṃ anussaritvā, majjhimayāme dibbacakkhuṃ visodhetvā, paccūsakāle sabbabuddhānamāciṇṇe paccayākāre ñāṇaṃ otāretvā, ānāpānacatutthajjhānaṃ nibbattetvā, tadeva pādakaṃ katvā vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā, maggapaṭipāṭiyā adhigatena catutthamaggena sabbakilese khepetvā sabbabuddhaguṇe paṭivijjhi, idamassa paññākiccaṃ. Evaṃ samādhi paññaṃ na pāpuṇāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha yathā hatthe udakaṃ pātiyaṃ udakaṃ na pāpuṇāti, pātiyaṃ udakaṃ ghaṭe udakaṃ na pāpuṇāti, ghaṭe udakaṃ kolambe udakaṃ na pāpuṇāti, kolambe udakaṃ cāṭiyaṃ udakaṃ na pāpuṇāti, cāṭiyaṃ udakaṃ mahākumbhiyaṃ udakaṃ na pāpuṇāti, mahākumbhiyaṃ udakaṃ kusobbhe udakaṃ na pāpuṇāti, kusobbhe udakaṃ kandare udakaṃ na pāpuṇāti, kandare udakaṃ kunnadiyaṃ udakaṃ na pāpuṇāti, kunnadiyaṃ udakaṃ pañcamahānadiyaṃ udakaṃ na pāpuṇāti, pañcamahānadiyaṃ udakaṃ cakkavāḷamahāsamudde <a name="P1.0059"></a> udakaṃ na pāpuṇāti, cakkavāḷamahāsamudde udakaṃ sinerupādake mahāsamudde udakaṃ na pāpuṇāti. Pātiyaṃ udakaṃ upanidhāya hatthe udakaṃ parittaṃ…pe… sinerupādakamahāsamudde udakaṃ upanidhāya cakkavāḷamahāsamudde udakaṃ parittaṃ. Iti uparūpari udakaṃ bahukaṃ upādāya heṭṭhā heṭṭhā udakaṃ parittaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evameva upari upari guṇe upādāya heṭṭhā heṭṭhā sīlaṃ appamattakaṃ oramattakanti veditabbaṃ. Tenāha – ‘‘appamattakaṃ kho panetaṃ, bhikkhave, oramattakaṃ sīlamattaka’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yena</span> <a name="V1.0056"></a> <span class="bld">puthujjano</span>ti, ettha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Duve puthujjanā vuttā, buddhenādiccabandhunā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Andho puthujjano eko, kalyāṇeko puthujjano’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="M1.0059"></a> yassa khandhadhātuāyatanādīsu uggahaparipucchāsavanadhāraṇapaccavekkhaṇāni natthi, ayaṃ andhaputhujjano. Yassa tāni atthi, so kalyāṇaputhujjano. Duvidhopi panesa –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Puthūnaṃ jananādīhi, kāraṇehi puthujjano;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Puthujjanantogadhattā, puthuvāyaṃ jano iti’’.</p>
<p class="bodytext">So hi puthūnaṃ nānappakārānaṃ kilesādīnaṃ jananādīhi kāraṇehi puthujjano. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Puthu kilese janentīti puthujjanā, puthu avihatasakkāyadiṭṭhikāti puthujjanā, puthu satthārānaṃ mukhullokikāti puthujjanā, puthu sabbagatīhi avuṭṭhitāti puthujjanā, puthu nānābhisaṅkhāre abhisaṅkharontīti puthujjanā, puthu nānāoghehi vuyhanti, puthu santāpehi santappanti, puthu pariḷāhehi pariḍayhanti, puthu pañcasu kāmaguṇesu rattā giddhā gathitā mucchitā ajjhopannā laggā laggitā palibuddhāti puthujjanā, puthu pañcahi nīvaraṇehi āvutā nivutā ovutā pihitā paṭicchannā paṭikujjitāti puthujjanā’’ti. Puthūnaṃ gaṇanapathamatītānaṃ ariyadhammaparammukhānaṃ nīcadhammasamācārānaṃ janānaṃ antogadhattāpi puthujjano, puthuvāyaṃ visuṃyeva saṅkhyaṃ gato visaṃsaṭṭho sīlasutādiguṇayuttehi ariyehi janehīti puthujjanoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tathāgatassā</span>ti aṭṭhahi kāraṇehi bhagavā tathāgato. Tathā āgatoti tathāgato, tathā gatoti tathāgato, tathalakkhaṇaṃ <a name="P1.0060"></a> āgatoti tathāgato, tathadhamme yāthāvato abhisambuddhoti tathāgato, tathadassitāya tathāgato, tathavāditāya tathāgato, tathākāritāya tathāgato, abhibhavanaṭṭhena tathāgatoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ bhagavā <span class="bld">tathā āgatoti tathāgato?</span> Yathā sabbalokahitāya ussukkamāpannā purimakā sammāsambuddhā āgatā, yathā vipassī bhagavā āgato, yathā sikhī bhagavā, yathā vessabhū bhagavā, yathā kakusandho bhagavā, yathā koṇāgamano bhagavā, yathā kassapo bhagavā āgato<a name="V1.0057"></a>. Kiṃ vuttaṃ hoti? Yena abhinīhārena ete <a name="M1.0060"></a> bhagavanto āgatā, teneva amhākampi bhagavā āgato. Atha vā yathā vipassī bhagavā…pe… yathā kassapo bhagavā dānapāramiṃ pūretvā, sīlanekkhammapaññāvīriyakhantisaccaadhiṭṭhānamettāupekkhāpāramiṃ pūretvā, imā dasa pāramiyo, dasa upapāramiyo, dasa paramatthapāramiyoti samatiṃsapāramiyo pūretvā aṅgapariccāgaṃ, nayanadhanarajjaputtadārapariccāganti ime pañca mahāpariccāge pariccajitvā pubbayogapubbacariyadhammakkhānañātatthacariyādayo pūretvā buddhicariyāya koṭiṃ patvā āgato; tathā amhākampi bhagavā āgato. Atha vā yathā vipassī bhagavā…pe… kassapo bhagavā cattāro satipaṭṭhāne, cattāro sammappadhāne, cattāro iddhipāde, pañcindriyāni, pañca balāni, satta bojjhaṅge, ariyaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ bhāvetvā brūhetvā āgato, tathā amhākampi bhagavā āgato. Evaṃ tathā āgatoti tathāgato.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yatheva lokamhi vipassiādayo,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Sabbaññubhāvaṃ munayo idhāgatā;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Tathā ayaṃ sakyamunīpi āgato,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tathāgato vuccati tena cakkhumā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ tathā āgatoti tathāgato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ <span class="bld">tathā gatoti tathāgato?</span> Yathā sampatijāto vipassī bhagavā gato…pe… kassapo bhagavā gato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathañca so bhagavā gato<a name="P1.0061"></a>? So hi sampati jātova samehi pādehi pathaviyaṃ patiṭṭhāya uttarābhimukho sattapadavītihārena gato. Yathāha – ‘‘sampatijāto kho, ānanda, bodhisatto samehi pādehi patiṭṭhahitvā uttarābhimukho sattapadavītihārena gacchati, setamhi chatte anudhāriyamāne sabbā ca disā anuviloketi, āsabhiṃ vācaṃ bhāsati – ‘aggohamasmi lokassa, jeṭṭhohamasmi lokassa, seṭṭhohamasmi lokassa, ayamantimā jāti, natthidāni punabbhavo’ti’’ (dī. ni. 2.31).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tañcassa <a name="M1.0061"></a> gamanaṃ tathaṃ ahosi? Avitathaṃ anekesaṃ visesādhigamānaṃ pubbanimittabhāvena. Yañhi <a name="V1.0058"></a> so sampatijātova samehi pādehi patiṭṭhahi. Idamassa caturiddhipādapaṭilābhassa pubbanimittaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Uttarābhimukhabhāvo pana sabbalokuttarabhāvassa pubbanimittaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sattapadavītihāro, sattabojjhaṅgaratanapaṭilābhassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Suvaṇṇadaṇḍā vītipatanti cāmarā’’ti, ettha vuttacāmarukkhepo pana sabbatitthiyanimmaddanassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Setacchattadhāraṇaṃ, arahattavimuttivaravimalasetacchattapaṭilābhassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sattamapadūpari ṭhatvā sabbadisānuvilokanaṃ, sabbaññutānāvaraṇañāṇapaṭilābhassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Āsabhivācābhāsanaṃ appaṭivattiyavaradhammacakkappavattanassa pubbanimittaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā ayaṃ bhagavāpi gato, tañcassa gamanaṃ tathaṃ ahosi, avitathaṃ, tesaṃyeva visesādhigamānaṃ pubbanimittabhāvena.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tenāhu porāṇā –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Muhuttajātova gavampatī yathā,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Samehi pādehi phusī vasundharaṃ;</p>
<p class="gatha3">So vikkamī satta padāni gotamo,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Setañca chattaṃ anudhārayuṃ marū.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Gantvāna so satta padāni gotamo,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Disā vilokesi samā samantato;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Aṭṭhaṅgupetaṃ giramabbhudīrayi,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sīho yathā pabbatamuddhaniṭṭhito’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ <a name="V1.0059"></a> tathā gatoti tathāgato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha vā yathā vipassī bhagavā…pe… yathā kassapo bhagavā, ayampi bhagavā tatheva nekkhammena kāmacchandaṃ pahāya gato<a name="P1.0062"></a>, abyāpādena byāpādaṃ, ālokasaññāya thinamiddhaṃ, avikkhepena uddhaccakukkuccaṃ, dhammavavatthānena vicikicchaṃ pahāya ñāṇena avijjaṃ padāletvā, pāmojjena <a name="M1.0062"></a> aratiṃ vinodetvā, paṭhamajjhānena nīvaraṇakavāṭaṃ ugghāṭetvā, dutiyajjhānena vitakkavicāraṃ vūpasametvā, tatiyajjhānena pītiṃ virājetvā, catutthajjhānena sukhadukkhaṃ pahāya, ākāsānañcāyatanasamāpattiyā rūpasaññāpaṭighasaññānānattasaññāyo samatikkamitvā, viññāṇañcāyatanasamāpattiyā ākāsānañcāyatanasaññaṃ, ākiñcaññāyatanasamāpattiyā viññāṇañcāyatanasaññaṃ, nevasaññānāsaññāyatanasamāpattiyā ākiñcaññāyatanasaññaṃ samatikkamitvā gato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aniccānupassanāya niccasaññaṃ pahāya, dukkhānupassanāya sukhasaññaṃ, anattānupassanāya attasaññaṃ, nibbidānupassanāya nandiṃ, virāgānupassanāya rāgaṃ, nirodhānupassanāya samudayaṃ, paṭinissaggānupassanāya ādānaṃ, khayānupassanāya ghanasaññaṃ, vayānupassanāya āyūhanaṃ, vipariṇāmānupassanāya dhuvasaññaṃ, animittānupassanāya nimittaṃ, appaṇihitānupassanāya paṇidhiṃ, suññatānupassanāya abhinivesaṃ, adhipaññādhammavipassanāya sārādānābhinivesaṃ, yathābhūtañāṇadassanena sammohābhinivesaṃ, ādīnavānupassanāya ālayābhinivesaṃ, paṭisaṅkhānupassanāya appaṭisaṅkhaṃ, vivaṭṭānupassanāya saṃyogābhinivesaṃ, sotāpattimaggena diṭṭhekaṭṭhe kilese bhañjitvā, sakadāgāmimaggena oḷārike kilese pahāya, anāgāmimaggena aṇusahagate kilese samugghāṭetvā, arahattamaggena sabbakilese samucchinditvā gato. Evampi tathā gatoti tathāgato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ <span class="bld">tathalakkhaṇaṃ āgatoti tathāgato?</span>Pathavīdhātuyā kakkhaḷattalakkhaṇaṃ tathaṃ avitathaṃ. Āpodhātuyā paggharaṇalakkhaṇaṃ. Tejodhātuyā uṇhattalakkhaṇaṃ. Vāyodhātuyā vitthambhanalakkhaṇaṃ. Ākāsadhātuyā asamphuṭṭhalakkhaṇaṃ. Viññāṇadhātuyā vijānanalakkhaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Rūpassa <a name="P1.0063"></a> ruppanalakkhaṇaṃ. Vedanāya vedayitalakkhaṇaṃ. Saññāya sañjānanalakkhaṇaṃ. Saṅkhārānaṃ abhisaṅkharaṇalakkhaṇaṃ. Viññāṇassa vijānanalakkhaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vitakkassa <a name="V1.0060"></a><a name="M1.0063"></a> abhiniropanalakkhaṇaṃ. Vicārassa anumajjanalakkhaṇaṃ pītiyā pharaṇalakkhaṇaṃ. Sukhassa sātalakkhaṇaṃ. Cittekaggatāya avikkhepalakkhaṇaṃ. Phassassa phusanalakkhaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Saddhindriyassa adhimokkhalakkhaṇaṃ. Vīriyindriyassa paggahalakkhaṇaṃ. Satindriyassa upaṭṭhānalakkhaṇaṃ. Samādhindriyassa avikkhepalakkhaṇaṃ. Paññindriyassa pajānanalakkhaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Saddhābalassa assaddhiye akampiyalakkhaṇaṃ. Vīriyabalassa kosajje, satibalassa muṭṭhassacce. Samādhibalassa uddhacce, paññābalassa avijjāya akampiyalakkhaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Satisambojjhaṅgassa upaṭṭhānalakkhaṇaṃ. Dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgassa pavicayalakkhaṇaṃ. Vīriyasambojjhaṅgassa paggahalakkhaṇaṃ. Pītisambojjhaṅgassa pharaṇalakkhaṇaṃ. Passaddhisambojjhaṅgassa vūpasamalakkhaṇaṃ. Samādhisambojjhaṅgassa avikkhepalakkhaṇaṃ. Upekkhāsambojjhaṅgassa paṭisaṅkhānalakkhaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sammādiṭṭhiyā dassanalakkhaṇaṃ. Sammāsaṅkappassa abhiniropanalakkhaṇaṃ. Sammāvācāya pariggahalakkhaṇaṃ. Sammākammantassa samuṭṭhānalakkhaṇaṃ. Sammāājīvassa vodānalakkhaṇaṃ. Sammāvāyāmassa <a name="P1.0064"></a> paggahalakkhaṇaṃ. Sammāsatiyā upaṭṭhānalakkhaṇaṃ. Sammāsamādhissa avikkhepalakkhaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Avijjāya aññāṇalakkhaṇaṃ. Saṅkhārānaṃ cetanālakkhaṇaṃ. Viññāṇassa vijānanalakkhaṇaṃ. Nāmassa namanalakkhaṇaṃ. Rūpassa ruppanalakkhaṇaṃ. Saḷāyatanassa āyatanalakkhaṇaṃ. Phassassa phusanalakkhaṇaṃ. Vedanāya vedayitalakkhaṇaṃ. Taṇhāya hetulakkhaṇaṃ. Upādānassa gahaṇalakkhaṇaṃ. Bhavassa āyūhanalakkhaṇaṃ. Jātiyā nibbattilakkhaṇaṃ. Jarāya jīraṇalakkhaṇaṃ. Maraṇassa cutilakkhaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dhātūnaṃ suññatālakkhaṇaṃ. Āyatanānaṃ āyatanalakkhaṇaṃ. Satipaṭṭhānānaṃ upaṭṭhānalakkhaṇaṃ. Sammappadhānānaṃ padahanalakkhaṇaṃ. Iddhipādānaṃ ijjhanalakkhaṇaṃ. Indriyānaṃ adhipatilakkhaṇaṃ. Balānaṃ akampiyalakkhaṇaṃ. Bojjhaṅgānaṃ niyyānalakkhaṇaṃ. Maggassa hetulakkhaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Saccānaṃ <a name="V1.0061"></a><a name="M1.0064"></a> tathalakkhaṇaṃ. Samathassa avikkhepalakkhaṇaṃ. Vipassanāya anupassanālakkhaṇaṃ. Samathavipassanānaṃ ekarasalakkhaṇaṃ. Yuganaddhānaṃ anativattanalakkhaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sīlavisuddhiyā saṃvaralakkhaṇaṃ. Cittavisuddhiyā avikkhepalakkhaṇaṃ. Diṭṭhivisuddhiyā dassanalakkhaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Khaye ñāṇassa samucchedanalakkhaṇaṃ. Anuppāde ñāṇassa passaddhilakkhaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Chandassa <a name="P1.0065"></a> mūlalakkhaṇaṃ. Manasikārassa samuṭṭhāpanalakkhaṇaṃ. Phassassa samodhānalakkhaṇaṃ. Vedanāya samosaraṇalakkhaṇaṃ. Samādhissa pamukhalakkhaṇaṃ. Satiyā ādhipateyyalakkhaṇaṃ. Paññāya tatuttariyalakkhaṇaṃ. Vimuttiyā sāralakkhaṇaṃ… amatogadhassa nibbānassa pariyosānalakkhaṇaṃ tathaṃ avitathaṃ. Evaṃ tathalakkhaṇaṃ ñāṇagatiyā āgato avirajjhitvā patto anuppattoti tathāgato. Evaṃ tathalakkhaṇaṃ āgatoti tathāgato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ <span class="bld">tathadhamme yāthāvato abhisambuddhoti tathāgato? </span> Tathadhammā nāma cattāri ariyasaccāni. Yathāha – ‘‘cattārimāni, bhikkhave, tathāni avitathāni anaññathāni. Katamāni cattāri? ‘Idaṃ dukkha’nti bhikkhave, tathametaṃ avitathametaṃ anaññathameta’’nti (saṃ. ni. 5.1090) vitthāro. Tāni ca bhagavā abhisambuddho, tasmā tathānaṃ dhammānaṃ abhisambuddhattā tathāgatoti vuccati. Abhisambuddhattho hettha gatasaddo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Api ca jarāmaraṇassa jātipaccayasambhūtasamudāgataṭṭho tatho avitatho anaññatho…pe…, saṅkhārānaṃ avijjāpaccayasambhūtasamudāgataṭṭho tatho avitatho anaññatho…pe…, tathā avijjāya saṅkhārānaṃ paccayaṭṭho, saṅkhārānaṃ viññāṇassa paccayaṭṭho…pe…, jātiyā jarāmaraṇassa paccayaṭṭho tatho avitatho anaññatho. Taṃ sabbaṃ bhagavā abhisambuddho, tasmāpi tathānaṃ dhammānaṃ abhisambuddhattā tathāgatoti vuccati. Evaṃ tathadhamme yāthāvato abhisambuddhoti tathāgato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ <span class="bld">tathadassitāya tathāgato?</span> Bhagavā yaṃ sadevake loke…pe…, sadevamanussāya pajāya aparimāṇāsu lokadhātūsu aparimāṇānaṃ <a name="M1.0065"></a> sattānaṃ cakkhudvāre āpāthamāgacchantaṃ rūpārammaṇaṃ nāma atthi, taṃ sabbākārato jānāti passati. Evaṃ jānatā passatā ca, tena taṃ <a name="V1.0062"></a> iṭṭhāniṭṭhādivasena vā diṭṭhasutamutaviññātesu labbhamānakapadavasena vā. ‘‘Katamaṃ taṃ rūpaṃ rūpāyatanaṃ? Yaṃ <a name="P1.0066"></a> rūpaṃ catunnaṃ mahābhūtānaṃ upādāya vaṇṇanibhā sanidassanaṃ sappaṭighaṃ nīlaṃ pītaka’’ntiādinā (dha. sa. 616) nayena anekehi nāmehi terasahi vārehi dvepaññāsāya nayehi vibhajjamānaṃ tathameva hoti, vitathaṃ natthi. Esa nayo sotadvārādīsupi āpāthaṃ āgacchantesu saddādīsu. Vuttañcetaṃ bhagavatā – ‘‘yaṃ bhikkhave, sadevakassa lokassa…pe… sadevamanussāya pajāya diṭṭhaṃ sutaṃ mutaṃ viññātaṃ pattaṃ pariyesitaṃ anuvicaritaṃ manasā, tamahaṃ jānāmi. Tamahaṃ abbhaññāsiṃ, taṃ tathāgatassa viditaṃ, taṃ tathāgato na upaṭṭhāsī’’ti (a. ni. 4.24). Evaṃ tathadassitāya tathāgato. Tattha tathadassī atthe tathāgatoti padasambhavo veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ <a name="P1.0067"></a> <span class="bld">tathavāditāya tathāgato?</span> Yaṃ rattiṃ bhagavā bodhimaṇḍe aparājitapallaṅke nisinno tiṇṇaṃ mārānaṃ matthakaṃ madditvā anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambuddho, yañca rattiṃ yamakasālānamantare anupādisesāya nibbānadhātuyā parinibbāyi, etthantare pañcacattālīsavassaparimāṇe kāle paṭhamabodhiyāpi majjhimabodhiyāpi pacchimabodhiyāpi yaṃ bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ – suttaṃ, geyyaṃ…pe… vedallaṃ, taṃ sabbaṃ atthato ca byañjanato ca anupavajjaṃ, anūnamanadhikaṃ, sabbākāraparipuṇṇaṃ, rāgamadanimmadanaṃ, dosamohamadanimmadanaṃ. Natthi tattha vālaggamattampi avakkhalitaṃ, sabbaṃ taṃ ekamuddikāya lañchitaṃ viya, ekanāḷiyā mitaṃ viya, ekatulāya tulitaṃ viya ca, tathameva hoti avitathaṃ anaññathaṃ. Tenāha – ‘‘yañca, cunda, rattiṃ tathāgato anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambujjhati, yañca rattiṃ anupādisesāya nibbānadhātuyā parinibbāyati, yaṃ etasmiṃ antare bhāsati lapati niddisati, sabbaṃ taṃ tatheva hoti, no aññathā. Tasmā ‘tathāgato’ti vuccatī’’ti (a. ni. 4.23). Gadattho hettha gatasaddo. Evaṃ tathavāditāya tathāgato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Api <a name="M1.0066"></a> ca āgadanaṃ āgado, vacananti attho. Tayo aviparīto āgado assāti, da-kārassa ta-kāraṃ katvā tathāgatoti evametasmiṃ atthe padasiddhi veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ <span class="bld">tathākāritāya tathāgato?</span> Bhagavato hi vācāya kāyo anulometi, kāyassapi vācā, tasmā yathāvādī tathākārī, yathākārī tathāvādī ca hoti. Evaṃbhūtassa cassa yathāvācā, kāyopi tathā gato pavattoti attho. Yathā ca kāyo, vācāpi tathā gatā pavattāti tathāgato. Tenevāha – ‘‘yathāvādī, bhikkhave, tathāgato tathākārī, yathākārī tathāvādī<a name="V1.0063"></a>. Iti yathāvādī tathākārī yathākārī tathāvādī. Tasmā ‘tathāgato’ti vuccatī’’ti (a. ni. 4.23). Evaṃ tathākāritāya tathāgato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ <span class="bld">abhibhavanaṭṭhena tathāgato?</span> Upari bhavaggaṃ heṭṭhā avīciṃ pariyantaṃ katvā tiriyaṃ aparimāṇāsu lokadhātūsu sabbasatte abhibhavati sīlenapi samādhināpi paññāyapi vimuttiyāpi, vimuttiñāṇadassanenapi na tassa tulā vā pamāṇaṃ vā atthi; atulo appameyyo anuttaro rājātirājā devadevo sakkānaṃ atisakko brahmānaṃ atibrahmā. Tenāha – ‘‘sadevake, bhikkhave, loke…pe… sadevamanussāya pajāya tathāgato abhibhū anabhibhūto aññadatthudaso vasavattī, tasmā ‘tathāgato’ti vuccatī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatrevaṃ padasiddhi veditabbā. Agado viya agado. Ko panesa? Desanāvilāsamayo ceva puññussayo ca. Tena hesa mahānubhāvo bhisakko dibbāgadena sappe viya sabbaparappavādino sadevakañca lokaṃ abhibhavati. Iti sabbālokābhibhavane tatho aviparīto desanāvilāsamayo ceva puññussayo ca agado assāti. Da-kārassa ta-kāraṃ katvā tathāgatoti veditabbo. Evaṃ abhibhavanaṭṭhena tathāgato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Api ca tathāya gatotipi tathāgato, tathaṃ gatotipi tathāgato. <span class="bld">Gato</span>ti avagato, atīto patto paṭipannoti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="M1.0067"></a> sakalalokaṃ tīraṇapariññāya tathāya gato avagatoti tathāgato. Lokasamudayaṃ pahānapariññāya tathāya gato atītoti tathāgato. Lokanirodhaṃ sacchikiriyāya tathāya gato pattoti tathāgato. Lokanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ tathaṃ gato paṭipannoti tathāgato. Tena <a name="P1.0068"></a> vuttaṃ bhagavatā –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Loko, bhikkhave, tathāgatena abhisambuddho, lokasmā tathāgato visaṃyutto. Lokasamudayo, bhikkhave, tathāgatena abhisambuddho, lokasamudayo tathāgatassa pahīno. Lokanirodho, bhikkhave, tathāgatena abhisambuddho, lokanirodho tathāgatassa sacchikato. Lokanirodhagāminī paṭipadā, bhikkhave, tathāgatena abhisambuddhā, lokanirodhagāminī paṭipadā tathāgatassa bhāvitā. Yaṃ bhikkhave, sadevakassa lokassa…pe… sabbaṃ taṃ tathāgatena abhisambuddhaṃ. Tasmā, tathāgatoti vuccatī’’ti (a. ni. 4.23).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tassapi <a name="V1.0064"></a> evaṃ attho veditabbo. Idampi ca tathāgatassa tathāgatabhāvadīpane mukhamattameva. Sabbākārena pana tathāgatova tathāgatassa tathāgatabhāvaṃ vaṇṇeyya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Katamañca taṃ bhikkhave</span>ti yena appamattakena oramattakena sīlamattakena puthujjano tathāgatassa vaṇṇaṃ vadamāno vadeyya, taṃ katamanti pucchati? Tattha pucchā nāma adiṭṭhajotanā pucchā, diṭṭhasaṃsandanā pucchā, vimaticchedanā pucchā, anumatipucchā, kathetukamyatā pucchāti pañcavidhā hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha katamā <span class="bld">adiṭṭhajotanā pucchā?</span> Pakatiyā lakkhaṇaṃ aññātaṃ hoti, adiṭṭhaṃ atulitaṃ atīritaṃ avibhūtaṃ avibhāvitaṃ, tassa ñāṇāya dassanāya tulanāya tīraṇāya vibhāvanāya pañhaṃ pucchati, ayaṃ adiṭṭhajotanā pucchā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Katamā <span class="bld">diṭṭhasaṃsandanā pucchā?</span> Pakatiyā lakkhaṇaṃ ñātaṃ hoti, diṭṭhaṃ tulitaṃ tīritaṃ vibhūtaṃ vibhāvitaṃ, tassa aññehi paṇḍitehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanatthāya pañhaṃ pucchati, ayaṃ diṭṭhasaṃsandanā pucchā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Katamā <a name="M1.0068"></a> <span class="bld">vimaticchedanā pucchā?</span> Pakatiyā saṃsayapakkhando hoti, vimatipakkhando, dveḷhakajāto, ‘‘evaṃ nu kho, na nu kho, kinnu kho, kathaṃ nu kho’’ti. So vimaticchedanatthāya pañhaṃ pucchati. Ayaṃ vimaticchedanā pucchā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Katamā <span class="bld">anumatipucchā?</span> Bhagavā bhikkhūnaṃ anumatiyā pañhaṃ pucchati – ‘‘taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, rūpaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti. Aniccaṃ, bhante. Yaṃ panāniccaṃ<a name="P1.0069"></a>, dukkhaṃ vā taṃ sukhaṃ vāti? Dukkhaṃ bhanteti (mahāva. 21) sabbaṃ vattabbaṃ, ayaṃ anumatipucchā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Katamā <span class="bld">kathetukamyatā pucchā?</span> Bhagavā bhikkhūnaṃ kathetukamyatāya pañhaṃ pucchati. Cattārome, bhikkhave, satipaṭṭhānā. Katame cattāro?…Pe… aṭṭhime bhikkhave maggaṅgā. Katame aṭṭhāti, ayaṃ kathetukamyatā pucchā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Iti imāsu pañcasu pucchāsu adiṭṭhassa tāva kassaci dhammassa abhāvato tathāgatassa adiṭṭhajotanā <a name="V1.0065"></a> pucchā natthi. ‘‘Idaṃ nāma aññehi paṇḍitehi samaṇabrāhmaṇehi saddhiṃ saṃsanditvā desessāmī’’ti samannāhārasseva anuppajjanato diṭṭhasaṃsandanā pucchāpi natthi. Yasmā pana buddhānaṃ ekadhammepi āsappanā parisappanā natthi, bodhimaṇḍeyeva sabbā kaṅkhā chinnā; tasmā vimaticchedanā pucchāpi natthiyeva. Avasesā pana dve pucchā buddhānaṃ atthi, tāsu ayaṃ kathetukamyatā pucchā nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para8"></a><a name="para8_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">8</span>. Idāni taṃ kathetukamyatāya pucchāya pucchitamatthaṃ kathetuṃ ‘‘pāṇātipātaṃ pahāyā’’tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha pāṇassa atipāto pāṇātipāto, pāṇavadho, pāṇaghātoti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Pāṇo</span>ti cettha vohārato satto, paramatthato jīvitindriyaṃ, tasmiṃ pana pāṇe pāṇasaññino jīvitindriyupacchedakaupakkamasamuṭṭhāpikā kāyavacīdvārānaṃ aññataradvārappavattā vadhakacetanā pāṇātipāto. So guṇavirahitesu tiracchānagatādīsu pāṇesu khuddake pāṇe appasāvajjo, mahāsarīre mahāsāvajjo, kasmā? Payogamahantatāya. Payogasamattepi vatthumahantatāya. Guṇavantesu manussādīsu appaguṇe pāṇe appasāvajjo, mahāguṇe mahāsāvajjo. Sarīraguṇānaṃ pana samabhāve sati kilesānaṃ upakkamānañca mudutāya appasāvajjo, tibbatāya mahāsāvajjoti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tassa <a name="M1.0069"></a> pañca sambhārā honti – pāṇo, pāṇasaññitā, vadhakacittaṃ, upakkamo, tena maraṇanti<a name="P1.0070"></a>. Cha payogā – sāhatthiko, āṇattiko, nissaggiyo, thāvaro, vijjāmayo, iddhimayoti. Imasmiṃ panatthe vitthāriyamāne ativiya papañco hoti, tasmā taṃ na vitthārayāma, aññañca evarūpaṃ. Atthikehi pana samantapāsādikaṃ vinayaṭṭhakathaṃ oloketvā gahetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pahāyā</span>ti imaṃ pāṇātipātacetanāsaṅkhātaṃ dussīlyaṃ pajahitvā. <span class="bld">Paṭivirato</span>ti pahīnakālato paṭṭhāya tato dussīlyato orato viratova. Natthi tassa vītikkamissāmīti cakkhusotaviññeyyā dhammā pageva kāyikāti imināva nayena aññesupi evarūpesu padesu attho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samaṇo</span>ti bhagavā samitapāpatāya laddhavohāro. <span class="bld">Gotamo</span>ti gottavasena. Na kevalañca bhagavāyeva <a name="V1.0066"></a> pāṇātipātā paṭivirato, bhikkhusaṅghopi paṭivirato, desanā pana ādito paṭṭhāya evaṃ āgatā, atthaṃ pana dīpentena bhikkhusaṅghavasenāpi dīpetuṃ vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nihitadaṇḍo nihitasattho</span>ti parūpaghātatthāya daṇḍaṃ vā satthaṃ vā ādāya avattanato nikkhittadaṇḍo ceva nikkhittasattho cāti attho. Ettha ca ṭhapetvā daṇḍaṃ sabbampi avasesaṃ upakaraṇaṃ sattānaṃ viheṭhanabhāvato satthanti veditabbaṃ. Yaṃ pana bhikkhū kattaradaṇḍaṃ vā dantakaṭṭhaṃ vā vāsiṃ pipphalikaṃ vā gahetvā vicaranti, na taṃ parūpaghātatthāya. Tasmā nihitadaṇḍo nihitasattho tveva saṅkhyaṃ gacchati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Lajjī</span>ti pāpajigucchanalakkhaṇāya lajjāya samannāgato. <span class="bld">Dayāpanno</span>ti dayaṃ mettacittataṃ āpanno. <span class="bld">Sabbapāṇabhūtahitānukampī</span>ti; sabbe pāṇabhūte hitena anukampako. Tāya dayāpannatāya sabbesaṃ pāṇabhūtānaṃ hitacittakoti attho. <span class="bld">Viharatī</span>ti iriyati yapeti yāpeti pāleti<a name="M1.0070"></a>. <span class="bld">Iti vā hi, bhikkhave</span>ti evaṃ vā bhikkhave. Vā saddo upari ‘‘adinnādānaṃ <a name="P1.0071"></a> pahāyā’’tiādīni apekkhitvā vikappattho vutto, evaṃ sabbattha purimaṃ vā pacchimaṃ vā apekkhitvā vikappabhāvo veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ayaṃ panettha saṅkhepo – bhikkhave, puthujjano tathāgatassa vaṇṇaṃ vadamāno evaṃ vadeyya – ‘‘samaṇo gotamo pāṇaṃ na hanati, na ghāteti, na tattha samanuñño hoti, virato imasmā dussīlyā; aho, vata re buddhaguṇā mahantā’’ti, iti mahantaṃ ussāhaṃ katvā vaṇṇaṃ vattukāmopi appamattakaṃ oramattakaṃ ācārasīlamattakameva vakkhati. Upari asādhāraṇabhāvaṃ nissāya vaṇṇaṃ vattuṃ na sakkhissati. Na kevalañca puthujjanova sotāpannasakadāgāmianāgāmiarahantopi paccekabuddhāpi na sakkontiyeva; tathāgatoyeva pana sakkoti, taṃ vo upari vakkhāmīti, ayamettha sādhippāyā atthavaṇṇanā. Ito paraṃ pana apubbapadameva vaṇṇayissāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Adinnādānaṃ pahāyā</span>ti ettha adinnassa ādānaṃ adinnādānaṃ, parasaṃharaṇaṃ, theyyaṃ, corikāti vuttaṃ hoti. Tattha <span class="bld">adinna</span>nti parapariggahitaṃ, yattha paro yathākāmakāritaṃ āpajjanto adaṇḍāraho anupavajjo ca hoti. Tasmiṃ parapariggahite parapariggahitasaññino, tadādāyakaupakkamasamuṭṭhāpikā theyyacetanā adinnādānaṃ. Taṃ hīne parasantake appasāvajjaṃ, paṇīte mahāsāvajjaṃ, kasmā? Vatthupaṇītatāya. Vatthusamatte sati guṇādhikānaṃ santake vatthusmiṃ mahāsāvajjaṃ<a name="V1.0067"></a>. Taṃ taṃ guṇādhikaṃ upādāya tato tato hīnaguṇassa santake vatthusmiṃ appasāvajjaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tassa pañca sambhārā honti – parapariggahitaṃ, parapariggahitasaññitā, theyyacittaṃ, upakkamo, tena haraṇanti. Cha payogā – sāhatthikādayova. Te ca kho yathānurūpaṃ theyyāvahāro, pasayhāvahāro, paṭicchannāvahāro, parikappāvahāro, kusāvahāroti imesaṃ avahārānaṃ vasena pavattā, ayamettha saṅkhepo. Vitthāro pana samantapāsādikāyaṃ vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dinnameva <a name="P1.0072"></a><a name="M1.0071"></a> ādiyatīti <span class="bld">dinnādāyī.</span> Cittenapi dinnameva paṭikaṅkhatīti <span class="bld">dinnapāṭikaṅkhī.</span> Thenetīti theno. Na thenena <span class="bld">athenena.</span> Athenattāyeva <span class="bld">sucibhūtena. Attanā</span>ti attabhāvena. Athenaṃ sucibhūtaṃ attānaṃ katvā viharatīti vuttaṃ hoti. Sesaṃ paṭhamasikkhāpade vuttanayeneva yojetabbaṃ. Yathā ca idha, evaṃ sabbattha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Abrahmacariya</span>nti aseṭṭhacariyaṃ. Brahmaṃ seṭṭhaṃ ācāraṃ caratīti brahmacārī. <span class="bld">Ārācārī</span>ti abrahmacariyato dūracārī. <span class="bld">Methunā</span>ti rāgapariyuṭṭhānavasena sadisattā methunakāti laddhavohārehi paṭisevitabbato methunāti saṅkhyaṃ gatā asaddhammā. <span class="bld">Gāmadhammā</span>ti gāmavāsīnaṃ dhammā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para9"></a><a name="para9_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">9</span>. <span class="bld">Musāvādaṃ pahāyā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">musā</span>ti visaṃvādanapurekkhārassa atthabhañjanako vacīpayogo kāyapayogo, vā visaṃvādanādhippāyena panassa paravisaṃvādakakāyavacīpayogasamuṭṭhāpikā cetanā musāvādo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparo nayo, <span class="bld">‘musā’</span>ti abhūtaṃ atacchaṃ vatthu. <span class="bld">‘Vādo’</span>ti tassa bhūtato tacchato viññāpanaṃ. Lakkhaṇato pana atathaṃ vatthuṃ tathato paraṃ viññāpetukāmassa tathāviññattisamuṭṭhāpikā cetanā musāvādo. So yamatthaṃ bhañjati, tassa appatāya appasāvajjo, mahantatāya mahāsāvajjo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Api ca gahaṭṭhānaṃ attano santakaṃ adātukāmatāya natthītiādinayappavatto appasāvajjo, sakkhinā hutvā atthabhañjanatthaṃ vutto mahāsāvajjo, pabbajitānaṃ appakampi telaṃ vā sappiṃ vā labhitvā hasādhippāyena – ‘‘ajja gāme telaṃ nadī maññe sandatī’’ti pūraṇakathānayena <a name="V1.0068"></a> pavatto appasāvajjo, adiṭṭhaṃyeva pana diṭṭhantiādinā nayena vadantānaṃ mahāsāvajjo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tassa cattāro sambhārā honti – atathaṃ vatthu, visaṃvādanacittaṃ, tajjo vāyāmo, parassa tadatthavijānananti. Eko payogo sāhatthikova. So kāyena vā kāyapaṭibaddhena vā vācāya <a name="P1.0073"></a> vā paravisaṃvādanakiriyākaraṇena daṭṭhabbo. Tāya ce kiriyāya paro tamatthaṃ jānāti, ayaṃ kiriyasamuṭṭhāpikacetanākkhaṇeyeva musāvādakammunā bajjhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā <a name="M1.0072"></a> pana yathā kāyakāyapaṭibaddhavācāhi paraṃ visaṃvādeti, tathā ‘‘idamassa bhaṇāhī’’ti āṇāpentopi paṇṇaṃ likhitvā purato nissajjantopi, ‘‘ayamattho evaṃ daṭṭhabbo’’ti kuḍḍādīsu likhitvā ṭhapentopi. Tasmā ettha āṇattikanissaggiyathāvarāpi payogā yujjanti, aṭṭhakathāsu pana anāgatattā vīmaṃsitvā gahetabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Saccaṃ vadatīti <span class="bld">saccavādī.</span> Saccena saccaṃ sandahati ghaṭetīti <span class="bld">saccasandho.</span> Na antarantarā musā vadatīti attho. Yo hi puriso kadāci musā vadati, kadāci saccaṃ, tassa musāvādena antaritattā saccaṃ saccena na ghaṭīyati; tasmā so na saccasandho. Ayaṃ pana na tādiso, jīvitahetupi musā avatvā saccena saccaṃ sandahati yevāti saccasandho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Theto</span>ti thiro thirakathoti attho. Eko hi puggalo haliddirāgo viya, thusarāsimhi nikhātakhāṇu viya, assapiṭṭhe ṭhapitakumbhaṇḍamiva ca na thirakatho hoti, eko pāsāṇalekhā viya, indakhīlo viya ca thirakatho hoti, asinā sīsaṃ chindantepi dve kathā na katheti, ayaṃ vuccati theto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paccayiko</span>ti pattiyāyitabbako, saddhāyitabbakoti attho. Ekacco hi puggalo na paccayiko hoti, ‘‘idaṃ kena vuttaṃ, asukenā’’ti vutte ‘‘mā tassa vacanaṃ saddahathā’’ti vattabbataṃ āpajjati. Eko paccayiko hoti, ‘‘idaṃ kena vuttaṃ, asukenā’’ti vutte ‘‘yadi tena vuttaṃ, idameva pamāṇaṃ, idāni upaparikkhitabbaṃ natthi, evameva ida’’nti vattabbataṃ āpajjati, ayaṃ vuccati paccayiko. <span class="bld">Avisaṃvādako lokassā</span>ti tāya saccavāditāya lokaṃ na visaṃvādetīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pisuṇaṃ</span> <a name="V1.0069"></a> <span class="bld">vācaṃ pahāyā</span>tiādīsu yāya vācāya yassa taṃ vācaṃ <a name="P1.0074"></a> bhāsati, tassa hadaye attano piyabhāvaṃ, parassa ca suññabhāvaṃ karoti, sā pisuṇā vācā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yāya pana attānampi parampi pharusaṃ karoti, yā vācā sayampi pharusā, neva kaṇṇasukhā na hadayaṅgamā, ayaṃ pharusā vācā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yena <a name="M1.0073"></a> samphaṃ palapati niratthakaṃ, so samphappalāpo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tesaṃ mūlabhūtā cetanāpi pisuṇavācādināmeva labhati, sā eva ca idhādhippetāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha saṃkiliṭṭhacittassa paresaṃ vā bhedāya attano piyakamyatāya vā kāyavacīpayogasamuṭṭhāpikā cetanā pisuṇavācā. Sā yassa bhedaṃ karoti, tassa appaguṇatāya appasāvajjā, mahāguṇatāya mahāsāvajjā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tassā cattāro sambhārā – bhinditabbo paro, ‘‘iti ime nānā bhavissanti, vinā bhavissantī’’ti bhedapurekkhāratā vā, ‘‘iti ahaṃ piyo bhavissāmi vissāsiko’’ti piyakamyatā vā, tajjo vāyāmo, tassa tadatthavijānananti. <span class="bld">Imesaṃ bhedāyā</span>ti, yesaṃ itoti vuttānaṃ santike sutaṃ tesaṃ bhedāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhinnānaṃ vā sandhātā</span>ti dvinnaṃ mittānaṃ vā samānupajjhāyakādīnaṃ vā kenacideva kāraṇena bhinnānaṃ ekamekaṃ upasaṅkamitvā ‘‘tumhākaṃ īdise kule jātānaṃ evaṃ bahussutānaṃ idaṃ na yutta’’ntiādīni vatvā sandhānaṃ kattā anukattā. <span class="bld">Anuppadātā</span>ti sandhānānuppadātā. Dve jane samagge disvā – ‘‘tumhākaṃ evarūpe kule jātānaṃ evarūpehi guṇehi samannāgatānaṃ anucchavikameta’’ntiādīni vatvā daḷhīkammaṃ kattāti attho. Samaggo ārāmo assāti <span class="bld">samaggārāmo.</span> Yattha samaggā natthi, tattha vasitumpi na icchatīti attho. Samaggarāmotipi pāḷi, ayamevettha attho. <span class="bld">Samaggarato</span>ti samaggesu rato, te pahāya aññattha gantumpi na icchatīti attho. Samagge disvāpi sutvāpi nandatīti <span class="bld">samagganandī,</span> <span class="bld">samaggakaraṇiṃ vācaṃ bhāsitā</span>ti yā vācā satte samaggeyeva karoti<a name="P1.0075"></a>, taṃ sāmaggiguṇaparidīpikameva vācaṃ bhāsati, na itaranti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Parassa <a name="V1.0070"></a> mammacchedakakāyavacīpayogasamuṭṭhāpikā ekantapharusacetanā pharusāvācā. Tassā āvibhāvatthamidaṃ vatthu – eko kira dārako mātuvacanaṃ anādiyitvā araññaṃ gacchati, taṃ mātā nivattetumasakkontī – ‘‘caṇḍā taṃ mahiṃsī anubandhatū’’ti akkosi. Athassa tatheva araññe mahiṃsī <a name="M1.0074"></a> uṭṭhāsi. Dārako ‘‘yaṃ mama mātā mukhena kathesi, taṃ mā hotu, yaṃ cittena cintesi taṃ hotū’’ti, saccakiriyamakāsi. Mahiṃsī tattheva baddhā viya aṭṭhāsi. Evaṃ mammacchedakopi payogo cittasaṇhatāya na pharusā vācā hoti. Mātāpitaro hi kadāci puttake evaṃ vadanti – ‘‘corā vo khaṇḍākhaṇḍaṃ karontū’’ti, uppalapattampi ca nesaṃ upari patantaṃ na icchanti. Ācariyupajjhāyā ca kadāci nissitake evaṃ vadanti – ‘‘kiṃ ime ahirīkā anottappino caranti, niddhamatha ne’’ti, atha ca nesaṃ āgamādhigamasampattiṃ icchanti. Yathā ca cittasaṇhatāya pharusā vācā na hoti, evaṃ vacanasaṇhatāya apharusā vācā na hoti. Na hi mārāpetukāmassa – ‘‘imaṃ sukhaṃ sayāpethā’’ti vacanaṃ apharusā vācā hoti, cittapharusatāya panesā pharusā vācāva. Sā yaṃ sandhāya pavattitā, tassa appaguṇatāya appasāvajjā, mahāguṇatāya mahāsāvajjā. Tassā tayo sambhārā – akkositabbo paro, kupitacittaṃ, akkosanāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nelā</span>ti elaṃ vuccati doso, nāssā elanti nelā, niddosāti attho. ‘‘Nelaṅgo setapacchādo’’ti, (udā. 65) ettha vuttanelaṃ viya. <span class="bld">Kaṇṇasukhā</span>ti byañjanamadhuratāya kaṇṇānaṃ sukhā, sūcivijjhanaṃ viya kaṇṇasūlaṃ na janeti. Atthamadhuratāya sakalasarīre kopaṃ ajanetvā pemaṃ janetīti <span class="bld">pemanīyā.</span> Hadayaṃ gacchati, appaṭihaññamānā sukhena cittaṃ pavisatīti <span class="bld">hadayaṅgamā. </span> Guṇaparipuṇṇatāya pure bhavāti <span class="bld">porī</span> pure saṃvaḍḍhanārī <a name="P1.0076"></a> viya sukumārātipi <span class="bld">porī.</span> Purassa esātipi <span class="bld">porī.</span> Nagaravāsīnaṃ kathāti attho. Nagaravāsino hi yuttakathā honti. Pitimattaṃ pitāti vadanti, bhātimattaṃ bhātāti vadanti, mātimattaṃ mātāti vadanti. Evarūpī kathā bahuno janassa kantā hotīti <span class="bld">bahujanakantā.</span> Kantabhāveneva bahuno janassa manāpā cittavuḍḍhikarāti <span class="bld">bahujanamanāpā.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext">Anatthaviññāpikā kāyavacīpayogasamuṭṭhāpikā akusalacetanā samphappalāpo. So āsevanamandatāya appasāvajjo, āsevanamahantatāya mahāsāvajjo, tassa dve sambhārā – bhāratayuddhasītāharaṇādiniratthakakathāpurekkhāratā, tathārūpī kathā kathanañca.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kālena <a name="M1.0075"></a> vadatīti <span class="bld">kālavādī</span> vattabbayuttakālaṃ sallakkhetvā vadatīti attho. Bhūtaṃ tathaṃ tacchaṃ <a name="V1.0071"></a> sabhāvameva vadatīti <span class="bld">bhūtavādī. </span> Diṭṭhadhammikasamparāyikatthasannissitameva katvā vadatīti <span class="bld">atthavādī.</span> Navalokuttaradhammasannissitaṃ katvā vadatīti <span class="bld">dhammavādī</span> saṃvaravinayapahānavinayasannissitaṃ katvā vadatīti <span class="bld">vinayavādī.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext">Nidhānaṃ vuccati ṭhapanokāso, nidhānamassā atthīti <span class="bld">nidhānavatī.</span> Hadaye nidhātabbayuttakaṃ vācaṃ bhāsitāti attho. <span class="bld">Kālenā</span>ti evarūpiṃ bhāsamānopi ca – ‘‘ahaṃ nidhānavatiṃ vācaṃ bhāsissāmī’’ti na akālena bhāsati, yuttakālaṃ pana apekkhitvāva bhāsatīti attho. <span class="bld">Sāpadesa</span>nti saupamaṃ, sakāraṇanti attho. <span class="bld">Pariyantavati</span>nti paricchedaṃ dassetvā yathāssā paricchedo paññāyati, evaṃ bhāsatīti attho. <span class="bld">Atthasaṃhita</span>nti <a name="P1.0077"></a> anekehipi nayehi vibhajantena pariyādātuṃ asakkuṇeyyatāya atthasampannaṃ bhāsati. Yaṃ vā so atthavādī atthaṃ vadati, tena atthena sahitattā atthasaṃhitaṃ vācaṃ bhāsati, na aññaṃ nikkhipitvā aññaṃ bhāsatīti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para10"></a><a name="para10_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">10</span>. <span class="bld">Bījagāmabhūtagāmasamārambhā</span>ti mūlabījaṃ khandhabījaṃ phaḷubījaṃ aggabījaṃ bījabījanti pañcavidhassa bījagāmassa ceva, yassa kassaci nīlatiṇarukkhādikassa bhūtagāmassa ca samārambhā, chedanabhedanapacanādibhāvena vikopanā paṭiviratoti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekabhattiko</span>ti pātarāsabhattaṃ sāyamāsabhattanti dve bhattāni, tesu pātarāsabhattaṃ antomajjhanhikena paricchinnaṃ, itaraṃ majjhanhikato uddhaṃ anto aruṇena. Tasmā antomajjhanhike dasakkhattuṃ bhuñjamānopi ekabhattikova hoti. Taṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ ‘‘ekabhattiko’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Rattiyā bhojanaṃ ratti, tato uparatoti <span class="bld">rattūparato.</span> Atikkante majjhanhike yāva sūriyatthaṅgamanā bhojanaṃ vikālabhojanaṃ nāma. Tato viratattā <span class="bld">virato vikālabhojanā.</span> Kadā virato? Anomānadītīre pabbajitadivasato paṭṭhāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sāsanassa ananulomattā visūkaṃ paṭāṇībhūtaṃ dassananti visūkadassanaṃ. Attanā naccananaccāpanādivasena naccā ca gītā ca vāditā ca antamaso <a name="M1.0076"></a> mayūranaccādivasenapi pavattānaṃ naccādīnaṃ visūkabhūtā dassanā cāti <span class="bld">naccagītavāditavisūkadassanā.</span> Naccādīni hi attanā <a name="V1.0072"></a> payojetuṃ vā parehi payojāpetuṃ vā payuttāni passituṃ vā neva bhikkhūnaṃ na bhikkhunīnañca vaṭṭanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Mālādīsu <span class="bld">mālā</span>ti yaṃ kiñci pupphaṃ. <span class="bld">Gandha</span>nti yaṃ kiñci gandhajātaṃ. <span class="bld">Vilepana</span>nti chavirāgakaraṇaṃ. Tattha piḷandhanto dhāreti nāma, ūnaṭṭhānaṃ pūrento maṇḍeti nāma, gandhavasena chavirāgavasena ca sādiyanto vibhūseti nāma. <span class="bld">Ṭhānaṃ</span> vuccati kāraṇaṃ. Tasmā yāya <a name="P1.0078"></a> dussīlyacetanāya tāni mālādhāraṇādīni mahājano karoti, tato paṭiviratoti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uccāsayanaṃ</span> vuccati pamāṇātikkantaṃ. <span class="bld">Mahāsayana</span>nti akappiyapaccattharaṇaṃ. Tato viratoti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Jātarūpa</span>nti suvaṇṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Rajata</span>nti kahāpaṇo, lohamāsako, jatumāsako, dārumāsakoti ye vohāraṃ gacchanti. Tassa ubhayassāpi paṭiggahaṇā paṭivirato, neva naṃ uggaṇhāti, na uggaṇhāpeti, na upanikkhittaṃ sādiyatīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āmakadhaññapaṭiggahaṇā</span>ti, sālivīhiyavagodhūmakaṅguvarakakudrūsakasaṅkhātassa sattavidhassāpi āmakadhaññassa paṭiggahaṇā. Na kevalañca etesaṃ paṭiggahaṇameva, āmasanampi bhikkhūnaṃ na vaṭṭatiyeva. <span class="bld">Āmakamaṃsapaṭiggahaṇā</span>ti ettha aññatra odissa anuññātā āmakamaṃsamacchānaṃ paṭiggahaṇameva bhikkhūnaṃ na vaṭṭati, no āmasanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Itthikumārikapaṭiggahaṇā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">itthī</span>ti purisantaragatā, itarā kumārikā nāma, tāsaṃ paṭiggahaṇampi āmasanampi akappiyameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dāsidāsapaṭiggahaṇā</span>ti ettha dāsidāsavaseneva tesaṃ paṭiggahaṇaṃ na vaṭṭati. ‘‘Kappiyakārakaṃ dammi, ārāmikaṃ dammī’’ti evaṃ vutte pana vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ajeḷakādīsu khettavatthupariyosānesu kappiyākappiyanayo vinayavasena upaparikkhitabbo. Tattha <span class="bld">khettaṃ</span> nāma yasmiṃ pubbaṇṇaṃ ruhati. <span class="bld">Vatthu</span> nāma yasmiṃ aparaṇṇaṃ ruhati. Yattha vā ubhayampi ruhati, taṃ khettaṃ. Tadatthāya <a name="M1.0077"></a> akatabhūmibhāgo <span class="bld">vatthu. </span> Khettavatthusīsena cettha vāpitaḷākādīnipi saṅgahitāneva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dūteyyaṃ</span> <a name="V1.0073"></a> vuccati dūtakammaṃ, gihīnaṃ pahitaṃ paṇṇaṃ vā sāsanaṃ vā gahetvā tattha tattha gamanaṃ. <span class="bld">Pahiṇagamanaṃ</span> vuccati gharā gharaṃ pesitassa khuddakagamanaṃ. Anuyogo nāma tadubhayakaraṇaṃ. Tasmā dūteyyapahiṇagamanānaṃ anuyogāti. Evamettha attho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kayavikkayā</span>ti kayā ca vikkayā ca. Tulākūṭādīsu <a name="P1.0079"></a> <span class="bld">kūṭa</span>nti vañcanaṃ. Tattha tulākūṭaṃ nāma rūpakūṭaṃ aṅgakūṭaṃ, gahaṇakūṭaṃ, paṭicchannakūṭanti catubbidhaṃ hoti. Tattha <span class="bld">rūpakūṭaṃ</span> nāma dve tulā samarūpā katvā gaṇhanto mahatiyā gaṇhāti, dadanto khuddikāya deti. <span class="bld">Aṅgakūṭaṃ</span> nāma gaṇhanto pacchābhāge hatthena tulaṃ akkamati, dadanto pubbabhāge. <span class="bld">Gahaṇakūṭaṃ</span> nāma gaṇhanto mūle rajjuṃ gaṇhāti, dadanto agge. <span class="bld">Paṭicchannakūṭaṃ</span> nāma tulaṃ susiraṃ katvā anto ayacuṇṇaṃ pakkhipitvā gaṇhanto taṃ pacchābhāge karoti, dadanto aggabhāge.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kaṃso</span> vuccati suvaṇṇapāti, tāya vañcanaṃ <span class="bld">kaṃsakūṭaṃ.</span> Kathaṃ? Ekaṃ suvaṇṇapātiṃ katvā aññā dve tisso lohapātiyo suvaṇṇavaṇṇe karoti, tato janapadaṃ gantvā kiñcideva aḍḍhaṃ kulaṃ pavisitvā – ‘‘suvaṇṇabhājanāni kiṇathā’’ti vatvā agghe pucchite samagghataraṃ dātukāmā honti. Tato tehi – ‘‘kathaṃ imesaṃ suvaṇṇabhāvo jānitabbo’’ti vutte, ‘‘vīmaṃsitvā gaṇhathā’’ti suvaṇṇapātiṃ pāsāṇe ghaṃsitvā sabbā pātiyo datvā gacchati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mānakūṭaṃ</span> nāma hadayabhedasikhābhedarajjubhedavasena tividhaṃ hoti. Tattha <span class="bld">hadayabhedo</span> sappitelādiminanakāle labbhati. Tāni hi gaṇhanto heṭṭhāchiddena mānena – ‘‘saṇikaṃ āsiñcā’’ti vatvā antobhājane bahuṃ paggharāpetvā gaṇhāti, dadanto chiddaṃ pidhāya sīghaṃ pūretvā deti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sikhābhedo</span> tilataṇḍulādiminanakāle labbhati. Tāni hi gaṇhanto saṇikaṃ sikhaṃ ussāpetvā gaṇhāti, dadanto vegena pūretvā sikhaṃ chindanto deti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rajjubhedo</span> <a name="M1.0078"></a> khettavatthuminanakāle labbhati. Lañjaṃ alabhantā hi khettaṃ amahantampi mahantaṃ katvā minanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ukkoṭanādīsu <span class="bld">ukkoṭana</span>nti assāmike sāmike kātuṃ lañjaggahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Vañcana</span>nti tehi tehi upāyehi paresaṃ vañcanaṃ. Tatridamekaṃ vatthu – eko kira luddako migañca migapotakañca gahetvā <a name="V1.0074"></a> āgacchati<a name="P1.0080"></a>, tameko dhutto – ‘‘kiṃ bho, migo agghati, kiṃ migapotako’’ti āha. ‘‘Migo dve kahāpaṇe, migapotako eka’’nti ca vutte ekaṃ kahāpaṇaṃ datvā migapotakaṃ gahetvā thokaṃ gantvā nivatto – ‘‘na me bho, migapotakena attho, migaṃ me dehī’’ti āha. Tena hi – dve kahāpaṇe dehīti. So āha – ‘‘nanu te bho, mayā paṭhamaṃ eko kahāpaṇo dinno’’ti? ‘‘Āma, dinno’’ti. ‘‘Idaṃ migapotakaṃ gaṇha, evaṃ so ca kahāpaṇo, ayañca kahāpaṇagghanako migapotakoti dve kahāpaṇā bhavissantī’’ti. So ‘‘kāraṇaṃ vadatī’’ti sallakkhetvā migapotakaṃ gahetvā migaṃ adāsīti. <span class="bld">Nikatī</span>ti yogavasena vā māyāvasena vā apāmaṅgaṃ pāmaṅganti, amaṇiṃ maṇinti, asuvaṇṇaṃ suvaṇṇanti katvā patirūpakena vañcanaṃ. <span class="bld">Sāciyogo</span>ti kuṭilayogo, etesaṃyeva ukkoṭanādīnametaṃ nāmaṃ. Tasmā – ukkoṭanasāciyogo, vañcanasāciyogo, nikatisāciyogoti, evamettha attho daṭṭhabbo. Keci aññaṃ dassetvā aññassa parivattanaṃ sāciyogoti vadanti. Taṃ pana vañcaneneva saṅgahitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Chedanādīsu <span class="bld">chedana</span>nti hatthacchedanādi. <span class="bld">Vadho</span>ti māraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Bandho</span>ti rajjubandhanādīhi bandhanaṃ. <span class="bld">Viparāmoso</span>ti himaviparāmoso, gumbaviparāmosoti duvidho. Yaṃ himapātasamaye himena paṭicchannā hutvā maggappaṭipannaṃ janaṃ musanti, ayaṃ himaviparāmoso. Yaṃ gumbādīhi paṭicchannā musanti, ayaṃ gumbaviparāmoso. <span class="bld">Ālopo</span> vuccati gāmanigamādīnaṃ vilopakaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Sahasākāro</span>ti sāhasikakiriyā. Gehaṃ pavisitvā manussānaṃ ure satthaṃ ṭhapetvā icchitabhaṇḍānaṃ gahaṇaṃ. Evametasmā chedana…pe… sahasākārā paṭivirato samaṇo gotamoti. Iti vā hi, bhikkhave, puthujjano tathāgatassa vaṇṇaṃ vadamāno vadeyyāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Ettāvatā cūḷasīlaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Majjhimasīlavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para11"></a><a name="para11_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">11</span>. Idāni <a name="P1.0081"></a><a name="M1.0079"></a> majjhimasīlaṃ vitthārento ‘‘yathā vā paneke bhonto’’tiādimāha. Tatrāyaṃ anuttānapadavaṇṇanā. <span class="bld">Saddhādeyyānī</span>ti kammañca phalañca idhalokañca paralokañca saddahitvā dinnāni. ‘Ayaṃ me ñātī’ti vā, ‘mitto’ti vā, idaṃ paṭikarissati, idaṃ vā tena katapubbanti vā, evaṃ na dinnānīti attho. Evaṃ dinnāni hi na saddhādeyyāni nāma honti<a name="V1.0075"></a>. <span class="bld">Bhojanānī</span>ti desanāsīsamattametaṃ, atthato pana saddhādeyyāni bhojanāni bhuñjitvā cīvarāni pārupitvā senāsanāni sevamānā gilānabhesajjaṃ paribhuñjamānāti sabbametaṃ vuttameva hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Seyyathida</span>nti nipāto. Tassattho katamo so bījagāmabhūtagāmo, yassa samārambhaṃ anuyuttā viharantīti. Tato taṃ dassento <span class="bld">mūlabīja</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">mūlabījaṃ</span> nāma haliddi, siṅgiveraṃ, vacā, vacattaṃ, ativisā, kaṭukarohiṇī, usīraṃ, bhaddamuttakanti evamādi. <span class="bld">Khandhabījaṃ</span> nāma assattho, nigrodho, pilakkho, udumbaro, kacchako, kapitthanoti evamādi. <span class="bld">Phaḷubījaṃ</span> nāma ucchu, naḷo, veḷūti evamādi. <span class="bld">Aggabījaṃ</span> nāma ajjakaṃ, phaṇijjakaṃ, hiriveranti evamādi. <span class="bld">Bījabījaṃ</span> nāma pubbaṇṇaṃ aparaṇṇanti evamādi. Sabbañhetaṃ rukkhato viyojitaṃ viruhanasamatthameva ‘‘bījagāmo’’ti vuccati. Rukkhato pana aviyojitaṃ asukkhaṃ ‘‘bhūtagāmo’’ti vuccati. Tattha bhūtagāmasamārambho pācittiyavatthu, bījagāmasamārambho dukkaṭavatthūti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para12"></a><a name="para12_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">12</span>. <span class="bld">Sannidhikāraparibhoga</span>nti sannidhikatassa paribhogaṃ. Tattha duvidhā kathā, vinayavasena ca sallekhavasena ca. Vinayavasena tāva yaṃ kiñci annaṃ ajja paṭiggahitaṃ aparajju sannidhikārakaṃ hoti, tassa paribhoge pācittiyaṃ<a name="P1.0082"></a>. Attanā laddhaṃ pana sāmaṇerānaṃ datvā, tehi laddhaṃ ṭhapāpetvā dutiyadivase bhuñjituṃ vaṭṭati, sallekho pana na hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pānasannidhimhi</span>pi eseva nayo. Tattha pānaṃ nāma ambapānādīni aṭṭha pānāni, yāni ca tesaṃ anulomāni. Tesaṃ vinicchayo samantapāsādikāyaṃ vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vatthasannidhimhi</span> <a name="M1.0080"></a> anadhiṭṭhitaṃ avikappitaṃ sannidhi ca hoti, sallekhañca kopeti, ayaṃ pariyāyakathā. Nippariyāyato pana ticīvarasantuṭṭhena bhavitabbaṃ, catutthaṃ labhitvā aññassa dātabbaṃ. Sace yassa kassaci dātuṃ na sakkoti, yassa pana dātukāmo hoti, so uddesatthāya vā paripucchatthāya vā gato, āgatamatte dātabbaṃ, adātuṃ na vaṭṭati. Cīvare pana appahonte satiyā paccāsāya anuññātakālaṃ ṭhapetuṃ vaṭṭati. Sūcisuttacīvarakārakānaṃ alābhena tato parampi vinayakammaṃ katvā ṭhapetuṃ vaṭṭati. ‘‘Imasmiṃ jiṇṇe puna īdisaṃ kuto labhissāmī’’ti pana ṭhapetuṃ na vaṭṭati, sannidhi ca hoti, sallekhañca kopeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yānasannidhimhi</span> <a name="V1.0076"></a> yānaṃ nāma vayhaṃ, ratho, sakaṭaṃ, sandamānikā, sivikā, pāṭaṅkīti; netaṃ pabbajitassa yānaṃ. Upāhanā pana pabbajitassa yānaṃyeva. Ekabhikkhussa hi eko araññatthāya, eko dhotapādakatthāyāti, ukkaṃsato dve upāhanasaṅghāṭā vaṭṭanti. Tatiyaṃ labhitvā aññassa dātabbo. ‘‘Imasmiṃ jiṇṇe aññaṃ kuto labhissāmī’’ti hi ṭhapetuṃ na vaṭṭati, sannidhi ca hoti, sallekhañca kopeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sayanasannidhimhi</span> sayananti mañco. Ekassa bhikkhuno eko gabbhe, eko divāṭhāneti ukkaṃsato dve mañcā vaṭṭanti. Tato uttari labhitvā aññassa bhikkhuno vā gaṇassa vā dātabbo; adātuṃ na vaṭṭati. Sannidhi ca hoti, sallekhañca kopeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gandhasannidhimhi</span> bhikkhuno kaṇḍukacchuchavidosādiābādhe <a name="P1.0083"></a> sati gandhā vaṭṭanti. Te gandhe āharāpetvā tasmiṃ roge vūpasante aññesaṃ vā ābādhikānaṃ dātabbā, dvāre pañcaṅguligharadhūpanādīsu vā upanetabbā. ‘‘Puna roge sati bhavissantī’’ti pana ṭhapetuṃ na vaṭṭati, sannidhi ca hoti, sallekhañca kopeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āmisa</span>nti vuttāvasesaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Seyyathidaṃ, idhekacco bhikkhu – ‘‘tathārūpe kāle upakārāya bhavissatī’’ti tilataṇḍulamuggamāsanāḷikeraloṇamacchamaṃsavallūrasappitelaguḷabhājanādīni āharāpetvā ṭhapeti. So vassakāle kālasseva sāmaṇerehi yāguṃ pacāpetvā paribhuñjitvā ‘‘sāmaṇera, udakakaddame dukkhaṃ gāmaṃ pavisituṃ, gaccha asukaṃ kulaṃ <a name="M1.0081"></a> gantvā mayhaṃ vihāre nisinnabhāvaṃ ārocehi; asukakulato dadhiādīni āharā’’ti peseti. Bhikkhūhi – ‘‘kiṃ, bhante, gāmaṃ pavisissathā’’ti vuttepi, ‘‘duppaveso, āvuso, idāni gāmo’’ti vadati. Te – ‘‘hotu, bhante, acchatha tumhe, mayaṃ bhikkhaṃ pariyesitvā āharissāmā’’ti gacchanti. Atha sāmaṇeropi dadhiādīni āharitvā bhattañca byañjanañca sampādetvā upaneti, taṃ bhuñjantasseva upaṭṭhākā bhattaṃ pahiṇanti, tatopi manāpaṃ manāpaṃ bhuñjati. Atha bhikkhū piṇḍapātaṃ gahetvā āgacchanti, tatopi manāpaṃ manāpaṃ gīvāyāmakaṃ bhuñjatiyeva. Evaṃ catumāsampi vītināmeti. Ayaṃ vuccati – ‘‘bhikkhu muṇḍakuṭumbikajīvikaṃ jīvati, na samaṇajīvika’’nti. Evarūpo āmisasannidhi nāma hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bhikkhuno pana vasanaṭṭhāne ekā taṇḍulanāḷi, eko guḷapiṇḍo, catubhāgamattaṃ sappīti ettakaṃ nidhetuṃ vaṭṭati, akāle sampattacorānaṃ atthāya. Te hi ettakampi āmisapaṭisanthāraṃ alabhantā <a name="V1.0077"></a> jīvitāpi voropeyyuṃ, tasmā sace ettakaṃ natthi, āharāpetvāpi <a name="P1.0084"></a> ṭhapetuṃ vaṭṭati. Aphāsukakāle ca yadettha kappiyaṃ, taṃ attanāpi paribhuñjituṃ vaṭṭati. Kappiyakuṭiyaṃ pana bahuṃ ṭhapentassāpi sannidhi nāma natthi. Tathāgatassa pana taṇḍulanāḷiādīsu vā yaṃ kiñci caturatanamattaṃ vā pilotikakhaṇḍaṃ ‘‘idaṃ me ajja vā sve vā bhavissatī’’ti ṭhapitaṃ nāma natthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para13"></a><a name="para13_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">13</span>. Visūkadassanesu <span class="bld">naccaṃ</span> nāma yaṃ kiñci naccaṃ, taṃ maggaṃ gacchantenāpi gīvaṃ pasāretvā daṭṭhuṃ na vaṭṭati. Vitthāravinicchayo panettha samantapāsādikāyaṃ vuttanayeneva veditabbo. Yathā cettha, evaṃ sabbesu sikkhāpadapaṭisaṃyuttesu suttapadesu. Ito parañhi ettakampi avatvā tattha tattha payojanamattameva vaṇṇayissāmāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pekkha</span>nti naṭasamajjaṃ. <span class="bld">Akkhāna</span>nti bhāratayujjhanādikaṃ. Yasmiṃ ṭhāne kathīyati, tattha gantumpi na vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Pāṇissara</span>nti kaṃsatāḷaṃ, pāṇitāḷantipi vadanti. <span class="bld">Vetāḷa</span>nti ghanatāḷaṃ, mantena matasarīruṭṭhāpanantipi eke. <span class="bld">Kumbhathūṇa</span>nti caturassaambaṇakatāḷaṃ, kumbhasaddantipi eke. <span class="bld">Sobhanaka</span>nti naṭānaṃ <a name="M1.0082"></a> abbhokkiraṇaṃ, sobhanakaraṃ vā, paṭibhānacittanti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Caṇḍāla</span>nti ayoguḷakīḷā, caṇḍālānaṃ sāṇadhovanakīḷātipi vadanti. <span class="bld">Vaṃsa</span>nti veḷuṃ ussāpetvā kīḷanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dhovana</span>nti aṭṭhidhovanaṃ, ekaccesu kira janapadesu kālaṅkate ñātake na jhāpenti, nikhaṇitvā ṭhapenti. Atha nesaṃ pūtibhūtaṃ kāyaṃ ñatvā nīharitvā aṭṭhīni dhovitvā gandhehi makkhetvā ṭhapenti. Te nakkhattakāle ekasmiṃ ṭhāne aṭṭhīni ṭhapetvā ekasmiṃ ṭhāne surādīni ṭhapetvā rodantā paridevantā suraṃ pivanti. Vuttampi cetaṃ – ‘‘atthi, bhikkhave<a name="P1.0085"></a>, dakkhiṇesu janapadesu aṭṭhidhovanaṃ nāma, tattha hoti annampi pānampi khajjampi bhojjampi leyyampi peyyampi naccampi gītampi vāditampi. Atthetaṃ, bhikkhave, dhovanaṃ, netaṃ natthīti vadāmī’’ti (a. ni. 10.107). Ekacce pana indajālena aṭṭhidhovanaṃ dhovanantipi vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Hatthiyuddhādīsu bhikkhuno neva hatthiādīhi saddhiṃ yujjhituṃ, na te yujjhāpetuṃ, na yujjhante daṭṭhuṃ vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Nibbuddha</span>nti mallayuddhaṃ. <span class="bld">Uyyodhika</span>nti yattha sampahāro dissati. <span class="bld">Balagga</span>nti balagaṇanaṭṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Senābyūha</span>nti senāniveso, sakaṭabyūhādivasena senāya nivesanaṃ. <span class="bld">Anīkadassana</span>nti – ‘‘tayo hatthī pacchimaṃ hatthānīka’’ntiādinā (pāci. 324) nayena vuttassa anīkassa dassanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para14"></a><a name="para14_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">14</span>. Pamādo <a name="V1.0078"></a> ettha tiṭṭhatīti pamādaṭṭhānaṃ. Jūtañca taṃ pamādaṭṭhānañcāti <span class="bld">jūtappamādaṭṭhānaṃ</span>. Ekekāya pantiyā aṭṭha aṭṭha padāni assāti <span class="bld">aṭṭhapadaṃ</span> dasapadepi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Ākāsa</span>nti aṭṭhapadadasapadesu viya ākāseyeva kīḷanaṃ. <span class="bld">Parihārapatha</span>nti bhūmiyaṃ nānāpathamaṇḍalaṃ katvā tattha tattha pariharitabbaṃ, pathaṃ pariharantānaṃ kīḷanaṃ. <span class="bld">Santika</span>nti santikakīḷanaṃ. Ekajjhaṃ ṭhapitā sāriyo vā sakkharāyo vā acālentā nakheneva apanenti ca upanenti ca, sace tattha kāci calati, parājayo hoti, evarūpāya kīḷāyetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Khalika</span>nti jūtaphalake pāsakakīḷanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ghaṭikā</span> vuccati dīghadaṇḍakena rassadaṇḍakaṃ paharaṇakīḷanaṃ. <span class="bld">Salākahattha</span>nti lākhāya vā mañjiṭṭhikāya vā piṭṭhodakena vā salākahatthaṃ <a name="P1.0086"></a> temetvā – ‘‘kiṃ <a name="M1.0083"></a> hotū’’ti bhūmiyaṃ vā bhittiyaṃ vā taṃ paharitvā hatthiassādirūpadassanakīḷanaṃ. <span class="bld">Akkha</span>nti guḷakīḷā. <span class="bld">Paṅgacīraṃ</span> vuccati paṇṇanāḷikaṃ, taṃ dhamantā kīḷanti. <span class="bld">Vaṅkaka</span>nti gāmadārakānaṃ kīḷanakaṃ khuddakanaṅgalaṃ. <span class="bld">Mokkhacikā</span> vuccati samparivattanakīḷā, ākāse vā daṇḍakaṃ gahetvā bhūmiyaṃ vā sīsaṃ ṭhapetvā heṭṭhupariyabhāvena parivattanakīḷāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Ciṅgulikaṃ</span> vuccati tālapaṇṇādīhi kataṃ vātappahārena paribbhamanacakkaṃ. <span class="bld">Pattāḷhakaṃ</span> vuccati paṇṇanāḷikā. Tāya vālukādīni minantā kīḷanti. <span class="bld">Rathaka</span>nti khuddakarathaṃ. <span class="bld">Dhanuka</span>nti khuddakadhanumeva. <span class="bld">Akkharikā</span> vuccati ākāse vā piṭṭhiyaṃ vā akkharajānanakīḷā. <span class="bld">Manesikā</span> nāma manasā cintitajānanakīḷā. <span class="bld">Yathāvajjaṃ</span> nāma kāṇakuṇikhujjādīnaṃ yaṃ yaṃ vajjaṃ, taṃ taṃ payojetvā dassanakīḷā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para15"></a><a name="para15_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">15</span>. <span class="bld">Āsandi</span>nti pamāṇātikkantāsanaṃ. Anuyuttā viharantīti idaṃ apekkhitvā pana sabbapadesu upayogavacanaṃ kataṃ. <span class="bld">Pallaṅko</span>ti pādesu vāḷarūpāni ṭhapetvā kato. <span class="bld">Gonako</span>ti dīghalomako mahākojavo, caturaṅgulādhikāni kira tassa lomāni. <span class="bld">Cittaka</span>nti vānavicittaṃ uṇṇāmayattharaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭikā</span>ti uṇṇāmayo setattharaṇo. <span class="bld">Paṭalikā</span>ti <a name="P1.0087"></a> ghanapupphako uṇṇāmayattharaṇo. Yo āmalakapattotipi vuccati. <span class="bld">Tūlikā</span>ti tiṇṇaṃ tūlānaṃ aññatarapuṇṇā tūlikā. <span class="bld">Vikatikā</span>ti sīhabyagghādirūpavicitro uṇṇāmayattharaṇo. <span class="bld">Uddalomī</span>ti ubhayatodasaṃ uṇṇāmayattharaṇaṃ, keci ‘‘ekatouggatapuppha’’nti vadanti. <span class="bld">Ekantalomī</span>ti ekatodasaṃ uṇṇāmayattharaṇaṃ. Keci ‘‘ubhatouggatapuppha’’nti vadanti. <span class="bld">Kaṭṭissa</span>nti ratanaparisibbitaṃ koseyyakaṭṭissamayapaccattharaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Koseyya</span>nti ratanaparisibbitameva kosiyasuttamayapaccattharaṇaṃ. Suddhakoseyyaṃ pana vaṭṭatīti vinaye vuttaṃ. Dīghanikāyaṭṭhakathāyaṃ pana ‘‘ṭhapetvā tūlikaṃ sabbāneva gonakādīni ratanaparisibbitāni na vaṭṭantī’’ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kuttaka</span>nti soḷasannaṃ nāṭakitthīnaṃ ṭhatvā naccanayoggaṃ uṇṇāmayattharaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Hatthattharaṃ assatthara</span>nti <a name="V1.0079"></a> hatthiassapiṭṭhīsu attharaṇaattharakāyeva. Rathattharepi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Ajinappaveṇī</span>ti ajinacammehi mañcappamāṇena sibbitvā katā <a name="M1.0084"></a> paveṇī. <span class="bld">Kadalīmigapavarapaccattharaṇa</span>nti kadalīmigacammaṃ nāma atthi, tena kataṃ pavarapaccattharaṇaṃ; uttamapaccattharaṇanti attho. Taṃ kira setavatthassa upari kadalīmigacammaṃ pattharitvā sibbetvā karonti. <span class="bld">Sauttaracchada</span>nti saha uttaracchadena, uparibaddhena rattavitānena saddhinti attho. Setavitānampi heṭṭhā akappiyapaccattharaṇe sati na vaṭṭati, asati pana vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Ubhatolohitakūpadhāna</span>nti sīsūpadhānañca pādūpadhānañcāti <a name="P1.0088"></a> mañcassa ubhatolohitakaṃ upadhānaṃ, etaṃ na kappati. Yaṃ pana ekameva upadhānaṃ ubhosu passesu rattaṃ vā hoti padumavaṇṇaṃ vā vicitraṃ vā, sace pamāṇayuttaṃ, vaṭṭati. Mahāupadhānaṃ pana paṭikkhittaṃ. Alohitakāni dvepi vaṭṭantiyeva. Tato uttari labhitvā aññesaṃ dātabbāni. Dātuṃ asakkonto mañce tiriyaṃ attharitvā upari paccattharaṇaṃ datvā nipajjitumpi labhati. Āsandīādīsu pana vuttanayeneva paṭipajjitabbaṃ. Vuttañhetaṃ – ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, āsandiyā pāde chinditvā paribhuñjituṃ, pallaṅkassa vāḷe bhinditvā paribhuñjituṃ, tūlikaṃ vijaṭetvā bimbohanaṃ kātuṃ, avasesaṃ bhummattharaṇaṃ kātu’’nti (cūḷava. 297).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para16"></a><a name="para16_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">16</span>. Ucchādanādīsu mātukucchito nikkhantadārakānaṃ sarīragandho dvādasavassapattakāle nassati, tesaṃ sarīraduggandhaharaṇatthāya gandhacuṇṇādīhi ucchādenti, evarūpaṃ ucchādanaṃ na vaṭṭati. Puññavante pana dārake ūrūsu nipajjāpetvā telena makkhetvā hatthapādaūrunābhiādīnaṃ saṇṭhānasampādanatthaṃ parimaddanti, evarūpaṃ parimaddanaṃ na vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nhāpana</span>nti tesaṃyeva dārakānaṃ gandhādīhi nhāpanaṃ. <span class="bld">Sambāhana</span>nti mahāmallānaṃ viya hatthapāde muggarādīhi paharitvā bāhuvaḍḍhanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ādāsa</span>nti yaṃ kiñci ādāsaṃ pariharituṃ na vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Añjana</span>nti alaṅkārañjanameva. <span class="bld">Mālā</span>ti baddhamālā vā abaddhamālā vā. <span class="bld">Vilepana</span>nti yaṃ kiñci chavirāgakaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Mukhacuṇṇaṃ mukhalepana</span>nti mukhe kāḷapīḷakādīnaṃ haraṇatthāya mattikakakkaṃ denti, tena lohite calite sāsapakakkaṃ denti, tena dose khādite tilakakkaṃ denti, tena lohite sannisinne haliddikakkaṃ denti, tena chavivaṇṇe ārūḷhe mukhacuṇṇakena mukhaṃ cuṇṇenti, taṃ sabbaṃ na vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Hatthabandhādīsu <a name="P1.0089"></a><a name="M1.0085"></a> hatthe vicitrasaṅkhakapālādīni bandhitvā vicaranti, taṃ vā aññaṃ vā sabbampi hatthābharaṇaṃ na vaṭṭati, apare sikhaṃ bandhitvā vicaranti. Suvaṇṇacīrakamuttalatādīhi ca <a name="V1.0080"></a> taṃ parikkhipanti; taṃ sabbaṃ na vaṭṭati. Apare catuhatthadaṇḍaṃ vā aññaṃ vā pana alaṅkatadaṇḍakaṃ gahetvā vicaranti, tathā itthipurisarūpādivicittaṃ bhesajjanāḷikaṃ suparikkhittaṃ vāmapasse olaggitaṃ; apare kaṇṇikaratanaparikkhittakosaṃ atitikhiṇaṃ asiṃ, pañcavaṇṇasuttasibbitaṃ makaradantakādivicittaṃ chattaṃ, suvaṇṇarajatādivicitrā morapiñchādiparikkhittā upāhanā, keci ratanamattāyāmaṃ caturaṅgulavitthataṃ kesantaparicchedaṃ dassetvā meghamukhe vijjulataṃ viya nalāṭe uṇhīsapaṭṭaṃ bandhanti, cūḷāmaṇiṃ dhārenti, cāmaravālabījaniṃ dhārenti, taṃ sabbaṃ na vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para17"></a><a name="para17_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">17</span>. Aniyyānikattā saggamokkhamaggānaṃ tiracchānabhūtā kathāti <span class="bld">tiracchānakathā.</span> Tattha rājānaṃ ārabbha mahāsammato mandhātā dhammāsoko evaṃ mahānubhāvotiādinā nayena pavattā kathā <span class="bld">rājakathā.</span> Esa nayo <span class="bld">corakathādīsu.</span> Tesu asuko rājā abhirūpo dassanīyotiādinā nayena gehassitakathāva <span class="bld">tiracchānakathā</span> hoti. Sopi nāma evaṃ mahānubhāvo khayaṃ gatoti evaṃ pavattā pana kammaṭṭhānabhāve tiṭṭhati. Coresu mūladevo evaṃ mahānubhāvo, meghamālo evaṃ mahānubhāvoti tesaṃ kammaṃ paṭicca aho sūrāti gehassitakathāva <span class="bld">tiracchānakathā.</span> Yuddhepi bhāratayuddhādīsu asukena asuko evaṃ mārito, evaṃ viddhoti kāmassādavaseneva kathā <span class="bld">tiracchānakathā.</span> Tepi nāma khayaṃ gatāti evaṃ pavattā pana sabbattha kammaṭṭhānameva hoti. Api ca annādīsu evaṃ vaṇṇavantaṃ gandhavantaṃ rasavantaṃ phassasampannaṃ khādimha bhuñjimhāti kāmassādavasena kathetuṃ na vaṭṭati. Sātthakaṃ <a name="P1.0090"></a> pana katvā pubbe evaṃ vaṇṇādisampannaṃ annaṃ pānaṃ vatthaṃ sayanaṃ mālaṃ gandhaṃ sīlavantānaṃ adamha, cetiye pūjaṃ karimhāti kathetuṃ vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Ñātikathādīsu</span> pana ‘‘amhākaṃ ñātakā sūrā samatthā’’ti vā ‘‘pubbe mayaṃ evaṃ vicitrehi yānehi vicarimhā’’ti vā assādavasena vattuṃ na vaṭṭati. Sātthakaṃ pana katvā ‘‘tepi no ñātakā khayaṃ gatā’’ti vā ‘‘pubbe mayaṃ evarūpā upāhanā saṅghassa adamhā’’ti vā kathetuṃ vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Gāmakathāpi</span> suniviṭṭhadunniviṭṭhasubhikkhadubbhikkhādivasena vā ‘‘asukagāmavāsino sūrā samatthā’’ti <a name="M1.0086"></a> vā evaṃ assādavasena na vaṭṭati. Sātthakaṃ pana katvā ‘‘saddhā pasannā’’ti vā ‘‘khayavayaṃ gatā’’ti vā vattuṃ vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Nigamanagarajanapadakathādīsupi</span> eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Itthikathāpi</span> vaṇṇasaṇṭhānādīni paṭicca assādavasena na vaṭṭati, saddhā pasannā khayavayaṃ gatāti evameva vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Sūrakathāpi</span> ‘nandimitto nāma yodho sūro ahosī’ti assādavasena na vaṭṭati. Saddho ahosi khayaṃ gatoti evameva vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Visikhākathāpi</span> ‘‘asukā <a name="V1.0081"></a> visikhā suniviṭṭhā dunniviṭṭhā sūrā samatthā’’ti assādavasena na vaṭṭati. Saddhā pasannā khayavayaṃ gatāti evameva vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kumbhaṭṭhānakathā</span>ti udakaṭṭhānakathā, udakatitthakathātipi vuccati, kumbhadāsikathā vā, sāpi ‘‘pāsādikā naccituṃ gāyituṃ chekā’’ti assādavasena na vaṭṭati; saddhā pasannātiādinā nayeneva vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Pubbapetakathā</span>ti atītañātikathā. Tattha vattamānañātikathāsadiso vinicchayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nānattakathā</span>ti purimapacchimakathāhi vimuttā avasesā nānāsabhāvā niratthakakathā. <span class="bld">Lokakkhāyikā</span>ti ayaṃ loko kena nimmito, asukena nāma <a name="P1.0091"></a> nimmito. Kāko seto, aṭṭhīnaṃ setattā; balākā rattā. Lohitassa rattattāti evamādikā lokāyatavitaṇḍasallāpakathā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samuddakkhāyikā</span> nāma kasmā samuddo sāgaro? Sāgaradevena khato, tasmā sāgaro. Khato meti hatthamuddāya sayaṃ niveditattā ‘‘samuddo’’ti evamādikā niratthakā samuddakkhāyanakathā. <span class="bld">Bhavo</span>ti vuḍḍhi. <span class="bld">Abhavo</span>ti hāni. Iti bhavo, iti abhavoti yaṃ vā taṃ vā niratthakakāraṇaṃ vatvā pavattitakathā <span class="bld">itibhavābhavakathā.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para18"></a><a name="para18_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">18</span>. <span class="bld">Viggāhikakathā</span>ti viggahakathā, sārambhakathā. Tattha <span class="bld">sahitaṃ me</span>ti mayhaṃ vacanaṃ sahitaṃ siliṭṭhaṃ atthayuttaṃ kāraṇayuttanti attho. <span class="bld">Asahitaṃ te</span>ti tuyhaṃ vacanaṃ asahitaṃ asiliṭṭhaṃ. <span class="bld">Adhiciṇṇaṃ te viparāvatta</span>nti yaṃ tuyhaṃ dīgharattāciṇṇavasena suppaguṇaṃ, taṃ mayhaṃ ekavacaneneva viparāvattaṃ parivattitvā ṭhitaṃ, na kiñci jānāsīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āropito</span> <a name="M1.0087"></a> <span class="bld">te vādo</span>ti mayā tava doso āropito. <span class="bld">Cara vādappamokkhāyā</span>ti dosamocanatthaṃ cara, vicara; tattha tattha gantvā sikkhāti attho. <span class="bld">Nibbeṭhehi vā sace pahosī</span>ti atha sayaṃ pahosi, idānimeva nibbeṭhehīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para19"></a><a name="para19_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">19</span>. Dūteyyakathāyaṃ <span class="bld">idha gacchā</span>ti ito asukaṃ nāma ṭhānaṃ gaccha. <span class="bld">Amutrāgacchā</span>ti tato asukaṃ nāma ṭhānaṃ āgaccha. <span class="bld">Idaṃ harā</span>ti ito idaṃ nāma hara. <span class="bld">Amutra idaṃ āharā</span>ti asukaṭṭhānato <a name="V1.0082"></a> idaṃ nāma idha āhara. Saṅkhepato pana idaṃ dūteyyaṃ nāma ṭhapetvā pañca sahadhammike ratanattayassa upakārapaṭisaṃyuttañca gihīsāsanaṃ aññesaṃ na vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para20"></a><a name="para20_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">20</span>. <span class="bld">Kuhakā</span>tiādīsu tividhena kuhanavatthunā lokaṃ kuhayanti, vimhāpayantīti kuhakā. Lābhasakkāratthikā hutvā lapantīti <span class="bld">lapakā.</span> Nimittaṃ sīlametesanti <span class="bld">nemittikā.</span> Nippeso sīlametesanti <span class="bld">nippesikā.</span> Lābhena lābhaṃ nijigīsanti <a name="P1.0092"></a> magganti pariyesanttīti <span class="bld">lābhena lābhaṃ nijigīsitāro.</span> Kuhanā, lapanā, nemittikatā, nippesikatā, lābhena lābhaṃ nijigīsanatāti etāhi samannāgatānaṃ puggalānaṃ etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Ayamettha saṅkhepo. Vitthārena panetā kuhanādikā visuddhimagge sīlaniddeseyeva pāḷiñca aṭṭhakathañca āharitvā pakāsitāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Ettāvatā majjhimasīlaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Mahāsīlavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para21"></a><a name="para21_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">21</span>. Ito paraṃ mahāsīlaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Aṅga</span>nti hatthapādādīsu yena kenaci evarūpena aṅgena samannāgato dīghāyu yasavā hotītiādinayappavattaṃ aṅgasatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Nimitta</span>nti nimittasatthaṃ. Paṇḍurājā kira tisso muttāyo muṭṭhiyaṃ katvā nemittikaṃ pucchi – ‘‘kiṃ me hatthe’’ti? So ito cito ca vilokesi, tasmiñca samaye gharagolikāya makkhikā gayhantī muttā, so ‘‘muttā’’ti āha. Puna ‘‘katī’’ti puṭṭho kukkuṭassa tikkhattuṃ ravantassa saddaṃ sutvā ‘‘tisso’’ti āha. Evaṃ taṃ taṃ ādisitvā nimittamanuyuttā viharanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uppāta</span>nti <a name="M1.0088"></a> asanipātādīnaṃ mahantānaṃ uppatitaṃ, tañhi disvā ‘‘idaṃ bhavissati, evaṃ bhavissatī’’ti ādisanti. <span class="bld">Supina</span>nti yo pubbaṇhasamaye supinaṃ passati, evaṃ vipāko hoti; yo idaṃ nāma passati, tassa idaṃ nāma hotītiādinā nayena supinakaṃ anuyuttā viharanti. <span class="bld">Lakkhaṇa</span>nti iminā lakkhaṇena samannāgato rājā hoti, iminā uparājātiādikaṃ. <span class="bld">Mūsikacchinna</span>nti undūrakhāyitaṃ. Tenāpi hi ahate vā vatthe anahate vā vatthe ito paṭṭhāya evaṃ chinne idaṃ nāma hotīti ādisanti. <span class="bld">Aggihoma</span>nti <a name="P1.0093"></a> evarūpena dārunā evaṃ <a name="V1.0083"></a> hute idaṃ nāma hotīti aggijuhanaṃ. Dabbihomādīnipi aggihomāneva, evarūpāya dabbiyā īdisehi kaṇādīhi hute idaṃ nāma hotīti evaṃ pavattivasena pana visuṃ vuttāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">kaṇo</span>ti kuṇḍako. <span class="bld">Taṇḍulā</span>ti sāliādīnañceva tiṇajātīnañca taṇḍulā. <span class="bld">Sappī</span>ti gosappiādikaṃ. <span class="bld">Tela</span>nti tilatelādikaṃ. Sāsapādīni pana mukhena gahetvā aggimhi pakkhipanaṃ, vijjaṃ parijappitvā juhanaṃ vā <span class="bld">mukhahomaṃ.</span> Dakkhiṇakkhakajaṇṇulohitādīhi juhanaṃ <span class="bld">lohitahomaṃ. Aṅgavijjā</span>ti pubbe aṅgameva disvā byākaraṇavasena aṅgaṃ vuttaṃ, idha aṅgulaṭṭhiṃ disvā vijjaṃ parijappitvā ayaṃ kulaputto vā no vā, sirīsampanno vā no vātiādibyākaraṇavasena aṅgavijjā vuttā. <span class="bld">Vatthuvijjā</span>ti gharavatthuārāmavatthādīnaṃ guṇadosasallakkhaṇavijjā. Mattikādivisesaṃ disvāpi hi vijjaṃ parijappitvā heṭṭhā pathaviyaṃ tiṃsaratanamatte, ākāse ca asītiratanamatte padese guṇadosaṃ passanti. <span class="bld">Khattavijjā</span>ti abbheyyamāsurakkharājasatthādisatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Sivavijjā</span>ti susāne pavisitvā santikaraṇavijjā, siṅgālarutavijjātipi vadanti. <span class="bld">Bhūtavijjā</span>ti bhūtavejjamanto. <span class="bld">Bhūrivijjā</span>ti bhūrighare vasantena uggahetabbamanto. <span class="bld">Ahivijjā</span>ti sappadaṭṭhatikicchanavijjā ceva sappāvhāyanavijjā ca. <span class="bld">Visavijjā</span>ti yāya, purāṇavisaṃ vā rakkhanti, navavisaṃ vā karonti visavantameva vā. <span class="bld">Vicchikavijjā</span>ti vicchikadaṭṭhatikicchanavijjā. <span class="bld">Mūsikavijjāya</span>pi <a name="M1.0089"></a> eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Sakuṇavijjā</span>ti sapakkhakaapakkhakadvipadacatuppadānaṃ rutagatādivasena sakuṇañāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Vāyasavijjā</span>ti kākarutañāṇaṃ, taṃ visuññeva satthaṃ, tasmā <a name="P1.0094"></a> visuṃ vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pakkajjhāna</span>nti paripākagatacintā. Idāni ‘‘ayaṃ ettakaṃ jīvissati, ayaṃ ettaka’’nti evaṃ pavattaṃ ādiṭṭhañāṇanti attho. <span class="bld">Saraparittāṇa</span>nti sararakkhaṇaṃ, yathā attano upari na āgacchati, evaṃ karaṇavijjā. <span class="bld">Migacakka</span>nti idaṃ sabbasaṅgāhikaṃ sabbasakuṇacatuppadānaṃ rutañāṇavasena vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para22"></a><a name="para22_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">22</span>. <span class="bld">Maṇilakkhaṇādīsu</span> evarūpo maṇi pasattho, evarūpo apasattho, sāmino ārogyaissariyādīnaṃ hetu hoti, na hotīti, evaṃ vaṇṇasaṇṭhānādivasena maṇiādīnaṃ lakkhaṇaṃ anuyuttā viharantīti attho. Tattha <span class="bld">āvudha</span>nti ṭhapetvā asiādīni avasesaṃ āvudhaṃ. <span class="bld">Itthilakkhaṇādīnipi</span> yamhi kule te itthipurisādayo vasanti, tassa vuḍḍhihānivaseneva veditabbāni. <span class="bld">Ajalakkhaṇādīsu</span> pana evarūpānaṃ ajādīnaṃ maṃsaṃ khāditabbaṃ, evarūpānaṃ na khāditabbanti ayaṃ viseso veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Api <a name="V1.0084"></a> cettha <span class="bld">godhāya lakkhaṇe</span> cittakammapiḷandhanādīsupi evarūpāya godhāya sati idaṃ nāma hotīti ayaṃ viseso veditabbo. Idañcettha vatthu – ekasmiṃ kira vihāre cittakamme godhaṃ aggiṃ dhamamānaṃ akaṃsu. Tato paṭṭhāya bhikkhūnaṃ mahāvivādo jāto. Eko āgantukabhikkhu taṃ disvā makkhesi. Tato paṭṭhāya vivādo mandībhūto hoti. <span class="bld">Kaṇṇikalakkhaṇaṃ</span> piḷandhanakaṇṇikāyapi gehakaṇṇikāyapi vasena veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Kacchapalakkhaṇaṃ</span> godhālakkhaṇasadisameva. <span class="bld">Migalakkhaṇaṃ</span> sabbasaṅgāhikaṃ sabbacatuppadānaṃ lakkhaṇavasena vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para23"></a><a name="para23_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">23</span>. <span class="bld">Raññaṃ niyyānaṃ bhavissatī</span>ti asukadivase asukanakkhattena asukassa nāma rañño niggamanaṃ bhavissatīti evaṃ rājūnaṃ pavāsagamanaṃ byākaroti. Esa nayo sabbattha. Kevalaṃ panettha <span class="bld">aniyyāna</span>nti vippavutthānaṃ puna āgamanaṃ. <span class="bld">Abbhantarānaṃ raññaṃ upayānaṃ bhavissati</span><a name="P1.0095"></a>, <span class="bld">bāhirānaṃ raññaṃ apayāna</span>nti antonagare amhākaṃ rājā paṭiviruddhaṃ bahirājānaṃ upasaṅkamissati, tato tassa paṭikkamanaṃ bhavissatīti evaṃ raññaṃ upayānāpayānaṃ <a name="M1.0090"></a> byākaroti. Dutiyapadepi eseva nayo. Jayaparājayā pākaṭāyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para24"></a><a name="para24_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">24</span>. <span class="bld">Candaggāhādayo</span> asukadivase rāhu candaṃ gahessatīti byākaraṇavaseneva veditabbā. Api ca nakkhattassa aṅgārakādigāhasamāyogopi nakkhattagāhoyeva. <span class="bld">Ukkāpāto</span>ti ākāsato ukkānaṃ patanaṃ. <span class="bld">Disāḍāho</span>ti disākālusiyaṃ aggisikhadhūmasikhādīhi ākulabhāvo viya. <span class="bld">Devadudrabhī</span>ti sukkhavalāhakagajjanaṃ. <span class="bld">Uggamana</span>nti udayanaṃ. <span class="bld">Okkamana</span>nti atthaṅgamanaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṃkilesa</span>nti avisuddhatā. <span class="bld">Vodāna</span>nti visuddhatā. <span class="bld">Evaṃ vipāko</span>ti lokassa evaṃ vividhasukhadukkhāvaho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para25"></a><a name="para25_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">25</span>. <span class="bld">Suvuṭṭhikā</span>ti devassa sammādhārānuppavecchanaṃ. <span class="bld">Dubbuṭṭhikā</span>ti avaggāho, vassavibandhoti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Muddā</span>ti hatthamuddā. <span class="bld">Gaṇanā</span> vuccati acchiddakagaṇanā. <span class="bld">Saṅkhāna</span>nti saṅkalanasaṭuppādanādivasena piṇḍagaṇanā. Yassa sā paguṇā hoti, so rukkhampi disvā ettakāni ettha paṇṇānīti jānāti. <span class="bld">Kāveyya</span>nti ‘‘cattārome, bhikkhave, kavī. Katame cattāro? Cintākavi, sutakavi, atthakavi, paṭibhānakavī’’ti (a. ni. 4.231). Imesaṃ catunnaṃ kavīnaṃ attano cintāvasena vā; ‘‘vessantaro nāma rājā ahosī’’tiādīni sutvā sutavasena vā; imassa ayaṃ attho, evaṃ taṃ yojessāmīti evaṃ atthavasena vā; kiñcideva disvā tappaṭibhāgaṃ kattabbaṃ karissāmīti evaṃ ṭhānuppattikapaṭibhānavasena vā; jīvikatthāya kabyakaraṇaṃ. Lokāyataṃ <a name="P1.0096"></a> vuttameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para26"></a><a name="para26_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">26</span>. <span class="bld">Āvāhanaṃ</span> <a name="V1.0085"></a> nāma imassa dārakassa asukakulato asukanakkhattena dārikaṃ ānethāti āvāhakaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Vivāhana</span>nti imaṃ dārikaṃ asukassa nāma dārakassa asukanakkhattena detha, evamassā vuḍḍhi bhavissatīti vivāhakaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṃvaraṇa</span>nti saṃvaraṇaṃ nāma ‘ajja nakkhattaṃ sundaraṃ, ajjeva samaggā hotha, iti vo viyogo na bhavissatī’ti evaṃ samaggakaraṇaṃ. Vivaraṇaṃ nāma ‘sace viyujjitukāmattha, ajjeva viyujjatha<a name="M1.0091"></a>, iti vo puna saṃyogo na bhavissatī’ti evaṃ visaṃyogakaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṅkiraṇa</span>nti ‘uṭṭhānaṃ vā iṇaṃ vā dinnaṃ dhanaṃ ajja saṅkaḍḍhatha, ajja saṅkaḍḍhitañhi taṃ thāvaraṃ hotī’ti evaṃ dhanapiṇḍāpanaṃ. <span class="bld">Vikiraṇa</span>nti ‘sace payogauddhārādivasena dhanaṃ payojitukāmattha, ajja payojitaṃ diguṇacatugguṇaṃ hotī’ti evaṃ dhanapayojāpanaṃ. <span class="bld">Subhagakaraṇa</span>nti piyamanāpakaraṇaṃ vā sassirīkakaraṇaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Dubbhagakaraṇa</span>nti tabbiparītaṃ. <span class="bld">Viruddhagabbhakaraṇa</span>nti viruddhassa vilīnassa aṭṭhitassa matassa gabbhassa karaṇaṃ. Puna avināsāya bhesajjadānanti attho. Gabbho hi vātena, pāṇakehi, kammunā cāti tīhi kāraṇehi vinassati. Tattha vātena vinassante nibbāpanīyaṃ sītalaṃ bhesajjaṃ deti, pāṇakehi vinassante pāṇakānaṃ paṭikammaṃ karoti, kammunā vinassante pana buddhāpi paṭibāhituṃ na sakkonti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Jivhānibandhana</span>nti mantena jivhāya bandhakaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Hanusaṃhanana</span>nti <a name="P1.0097"></a> mukhabandhamantena yathā hanukaṃ cāletuṃ na sakkonti, evaṃ bandhakaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Hatthābhijappana</span>nti hatthānaṃ parivattanatthaṃ mantajappanaṃ. Tasmiṃ kira mante sattapadantare ṭhatvā jappite itaro hatthe parivattetvā khipati. <span class="bld">Kaṇṇajappana</span>nti kaṇṇehi saddaṃ assavanatthāya vijjāya jappanaṃ. Taṃ kira jappitvā vinicchayaṭṭhāne yaṃ icchati, taṃ bhaṇati, paccatthiko taṃ na suṇāti, tato paṭivacanaṃ sampādetuṃ na sakkoti. <span class="bld">Ādāsapañha</span>nti ādāse devataṃ otāretvā pañhapucchanaṃ. <span class="bld">Kumārikapañha</span>nti kumārikāya sarīre devataṃ otāretvā pañhapucchanaṃ. <span class="bld">Devapañha</span>nti dāsiyā sarīre devataṃ otāretvā pañhapucchanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ādiccupaṭṭhāna</span>nti jīvikatthāya ādiccapāricariyā. <span class="bld">Mahatupaṭṭhāna</span>nti tatheva mahābrahmapāricariyā. <span class="bld">Abbhujjalana</span>nti mantena mukhato aggijālānīharaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Sirivhāyana</span>nti ‘‘ehi siri, mayhaṃ sire patiṭṭhāhī’’ti evaṃ sirena siriyā avhāyanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para27"></a><a name="para27_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">27</span>. <span class="bld">Santikamma</span>nti devaṭṭhānaṃ gantvā sace me idaṃ nāma samijjhissati, tumhākaṃ iminā ca iminā ca upahāraṃ karissāmīti samiddhikāle kattabbaṃ santipaṭissavakammaṃ. Tasmiṃ pana samiddhe tassa karaṇaṃ <span class="bld">paṇidhikammaṃ</span> nāma. <span class="bld">Bhūrikamma</span>nti bhūrighare vasitvā gahitamantassa payogakaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Vassakammaṃ vossakamma</span>nti ettha vassoti puriso, vossoti paṇḍako<a name="V1.0086"></a>. Iti vossassa <a name="M1.0092"></a> vassakaraṇaṃ vassakammaṃ, vassassa vossakaraṇaṃ vossakammaṃ. Taṃ pana karonto acchandikabhāvamattaṃ pāpeti, na liṅgaṃ antaradhāpetuṃ sakkoti. <span class="bld">Vatthukamma</span>nti <a name="P1.0098"></a> akatavatthusmiṃ gehapatiṭṭhāpanaṃ. <span class="bld">Vatthuparikamma</span>nti ‘‘idañcidañcāharathā’’ti vatvā vatthubalikammakaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Ācamana</span>nti udakena mukhasuddhikaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Nhāpana</span>nti aññesaṃ nhāpanaṃ. <span class="bld">Juhana</span>nti tesaṃ atthāya aggijuhanaṃ. <span class="bld">Vamana</span>nti yogaṃ datvā vamanakaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Virecanepi</span> eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Uddhaṃvirecana</span>nti uddhaṃ dosānaṃ nīharaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Adhovirecana</span>nti adho dosānaṃ nīharaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Sīsavirecana</span>nti sirovirecanaṃ. <span class="bld">Kaṇṇatela</span>nti kaṇṇānaṃ bandhanatthaṃ vā vaṇaharaṇatthaṃ vā bhesajjatelapacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Nettatappana</span>nti akkhitappanatelaṃ. <span class="bld">Natthukamma</span>nti telena yojetvā natthukaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Añjana</span>nti dve vā tīṇi vā paṭalāni nīharaṇasamatthaṃ khārañjanaṃ. <span class="bld">Paccañjana</span>nti nibbāpanīyaṃ sītalabhesajjañjanaṃ. <span class="bld">Sālākiya</span>nti salākavejjakammaṃ. <span class="bld">Sallakattiya</span>nti sallakattavejjakammaṃ. <span class="bld">Dārakatikicchā</span> vuccati komārabhaccavejjakammaṃ. <span class="bld">Mūlabhesajjānaṃ anuppādana</span>nti iminā kāyatikicchanaṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Osadhīnaṃ paṭimokkho</span>ti khārādīni datvā tadanurūpe vaṇe gate tesaṃ apanayanaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Ettāvatā mahāsīlaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Pubbantakappikasassatavādavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para28"></a><a name="para28_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">28</span>. Evaṃ brahmadattena vuttavaṇṇassa anusandhivasena tividhaṃ sīlaṃ vitthāretvā idāni bhikkhusaṅghena vuttavaṇṇassa <a name="P1.0099"></a> anusandhivasena – ‘‘atthi, bhikkhave, aññeva dhammā gambhīrā duddasā’’tiādinā nayena suññatāpakāsanaṃ ārabhi. Tattha <span class="bld">dhammā</span>ti guṇe, desanāyaṃ, pariyattiyaṃ, nissatteti evamādīsu dhammasaddo vattati.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Na hi dhammo adhammo ca, ubho samavipākino;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Adhammo nirayaṃ neti, dhammo pāpeti suggati’’nti. (theragā. 304);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ādīsu hi guṇe dhammasaddo. ‘‘Dhammaṃ, vo bhikkhave, desessāmi ādikalyāṇa’’ntiādīsu (ma. ni. 3.420) desanāyaṃ. ‘‘Idha bhikkhu dhammaṃ pariyāpuṇāti suttaṃ<a name="V1.0087"></a><a name="M1.0093"></a>, geyya’’ntiādīsu (a. ni. 5.73) pariyattiyaṃ. ‘‘Tasmiṃ kho pana samaye dhammā honti, khandhā hontī’’tiādīsu (dha. sa. 121) nissatte. Idha pana guṇe vattati. Tasmā atthi, bhikkhave, aññeva tathāgatassa guṇāti evamettha attho daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gambhīrā</span>ti mahāsamuddo viya makasatuṇḍasūciyā aññatra tathāgatā aññesaṃ ñāṇena alabbhaneyyapatiṭṭhā, gambhīrattāyeva <span class="bld">duddasā.</span> Duddasattāyeva <span class="bld">duranubodhā.</span> Nibbutasabbapariḷāhattā <span class="bld">santā,</span> santārammaṇesu pavattanatopi santā. Atittikaraṇaṭṭhena <span class="bld">paṇītā,</span> sādurasabhojanaṃ viya. Uttamañāṇavisayattā na takkena avacaritabbāti <span class="bld">atakkāvacarā. Nipuṇā</span>ti saṇhasukhumasabhāvattā. Bālānaṃ avisayattā, paṇḍitehiyeva veditabbāti <span class="bld">paṇḍitavedanīyā.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ye tathāgato sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedetī</span>ti ye dhamme tathāgato anaññaneyyo hutvā sayameva abhivisiṭṭhena ñāṇena paccakkhaṃ katvā pavedeti, dīpeti, katheti, pakāsetīti attho. <span class="bld">Yehī</span>ti yehi guṇadhammehi. <span class="bld">Yathābhucca</span>nti yathābhūtaṃ. <span class="bld">Vaṇṇaṃ sammā vadamānā vadeyyu</span>nti tathāgatassa vaṇṇaṃ vattukāmā sammā vadeyyuṃ, ahāpetvā vattuṃ sakkuṇeyyunti attho. Katame ca pana te dhammā bhagavatā evaṃ thomitāti? Sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ. Yadi evaṃ, kasmā bahuvacananiddeso <a name="P1.0100"></a> katoti? Puthucittasamāyogato ceva, puthuārammaṇato ca. Tañhi catūsu ñāṇasampayuttamahākiriyacittesu labbhati, na cassa koci dhammo ārammaṇaṃ nāma na hoti. Yathāha – ‘‘atītaṃ sabbaṃ jānātīti sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ, tattha āvaraṇaṃ natthīti anāvaraṇañāṇa’’ntiādi (paṭi. ma. 1.120). Iti puthucittasamāyogato punappunaṃ uppattivasena puthuārammaṇato ca bahuvacananiddeso katoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Aññevā’’ti idaṃ panettha vavatthāpanavacanaṃ, ‘‘aññeva, na pāṇātipātā veramaṇiādayo. Gambhīrāva na uttānā’’ti evaṃ sabbapadehi yojetabbaṃ. Sāvakapāramīñāṇañhi gambhīraṃ, paccekabodhiñāṇaṃ pana tato gambhīrataranti tattha vavatthānaṃ natthi, sabbaññutaññāṇañca tatopi gambhīrataranti tatthāpi vavatthānaṃ natthi, ito panaññaṃ gambhīrataraṃ natthi; tasmā gambhīrā vāti vavatthānaṃ labbhati. Tathā duddasāva duranubodhā vāti sabbaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Katame</span> <a name="M1.0094"></a> <span class="bld">ca te bhikkhave</span>ti ayaṃ pana tesaṃ dhammānaṃ kathetukamyatā pucchā. <span class="bld">Santi, bhikkhave, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā</span>tiādi pucchāvissajjanaṃ. Kasmā panetaṃ evaṃ āraddhanti ce? Buddhānañhi cattāri ṭhānāni patvā gajjitaṃ mahantaṃ hoti, ñāṇaṃ anupavisati, buddhañāṇassa mahantabhāvo <a name="V1.0088"></a> paññāyati, desanā gambhīrā hoti, tilakkhaṇāhatā, suññatāpaṭisaṃyuttā. Katamāni cattāri? Vinayapaññattiṃ, bhūmantaraṃ, paccayākāraṃ, samayantaranti. Tasmā – ‘‘idaṃ lahukaṃ, idaṃ garukaṃ, idaṃ satekicchaṃ, idaṃ atekicchaṃ, ayaṃ āpatti, ayaṃ anāpatti, ayaṃ chejjagāminī, ayaṃ vuṭṭhānagāminī, ayaṃ desanāgāminī, ayaṃ lokavajjā, ayaṃ paṇṇattivajjā, imasmiṃ vatthusmiṃ idaṃ paññapetabba’’nti yaṃ evaṃ otiṇṇe vatthusmiṃ <a name="P1.0101"></a> sikkhāpadapaññāpanaṃ nāma, tattha aññesaṃ thāmo vā balaṃ vā natthi; avisayo esa aññesaṃ, tathāgatasseva visayo. Iti vinayapaññattiṃ patvā buddhānaṃ gajjitaṃ mahantaṃ hoti, ñāṇaṃ anupavisati…pe… suññatāpaṭisaṃyuttāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā ime cattāro satipaṭṭhānā nāma…pe… ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo nāma, pañca khandhā nāma, dvādasa āyatanāni nāma, aṭṭhārasa dhātuyo nāma, cattāri ariyasaccāni nāma, bāvīsatindriyāni nāma, nava hetū nāma, cattāro āhārā nāma, satta phassā nāma, satta vedanā nāma, satta saññā nāma, satta cetanā nāma, satta cittāni nāma. Etesu ettakā kāmāvacarā dhammā nāma, ettakā rūpāvacaraarūpāvacarapariyāpannā dhammā nāma, ettakā lokiyā dhammā nāma, ettakā lokuttarā dhammā nāmāti catuvīsatisamantapaṭṭhānaṃ anantanayaṃ abhidhammapiṭakaṃ vibhajitvā kathetuṃ aññesaṃ thāmo vā balaṃ vā natthi, avisayo esa aññesaṃ, tathāgatasseva visayo. Iti bhūmantaraparicchedaṃ patvā buddhānaṃ gajjitaṃ mahantaṃ hoti, ñāṇaṃ anupavisati…pe… suññatāpaṭisaṃyuttāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā ayaṃ avijjā saṅkhārānaṃ navahākārehi paccayo hoti, uppādo hutvā paccayo hoti, pavattaṃ hutvā, nimittaṃ, āyūhanaṃ, saṃyogo, palibodho, samudayo, hetu, paccayo hutvā paccayo hoti, tathā saṅkhārādayo viññāṇādīnaṃ. Yathāha – ‘‘kathaṃ paccayapariggahe paññā dhammaṭṭhitiñāṇaṃ? Avijjā saṅkhārānaṃ uppādaṭṭhiti ca pavattaṭṭhiti ca, nimittaṭṭhiti <a name="M1.0095"></a> ca, āyūhanaṭṭhiti ca, saṃyogaṭṭhiti ca, palibodhaṭṭhiti ca, samudayaṭṭhiti ca, hetuṭṭhiti ca, paccayaṭṭhiti ca, imehi navahākārehi avijjā paccayo, saṅkhārā paccayasamuppannā, ubhopete dhammā paccayasamuppannāti paccayapariggahe paññā dhammaṭṭhitiñāṇaṃ. Atītampi addhānaṃ, anāgatampi addhānaṃ avijjā saṅkhārānaṃ uppādaṭṭhiti ca…pe… <a name="P1.0102"></a> jāti jarāmaraṇassa uppādaṭṭhiti ca…pe… paccayaṭṭhiti ca, imehi navahākārehi jāti paccayo, jarāmaraṇaṃ paccayasamuppannaṃ, ubhopete dhammā paccayasamuppannāti paccayapariggahe paññā dhammaṭṭhitiñāṇa’’nti (paṭi. ma. 1.45). Evamimaṃ tassa tassa dhammassa tathā tathā paccayabhāvena pavattaṃ tivaṭṭaṃ tiyaddhaṃ <a name="V1.0089"></a> tisandhiṃ catusaṅkhepaṃ vīsatākāraṃ paṭiccasamuppādaṃ vibhajitvā kathetuṃ aññesaṃ thāmo vā balaṃ vā natthi, avisayo esa aññesaṃ, tathāgatasseva visayo, iti paccayākāraṃ patvā buddhānaṃ gajjitaṃ mahantaṃ hoti, ñāṇaṃ anupavisati…pe… suññatāpaṭisaṃyuttāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā cattāro janā sassatavādā nāma, cattāro ekaccasassatavādā, cattāro antānantikā, cattāro amarāvikkhepikā, dve adhiccasamuppannikā, soḷasa saññīvādā, aṭṭha asaññīvādā, aṭṭha nevasaññīnāsaññīvādā, satta ucchedavādā, pañca diṭṭhadhammanibbānavādā nāma. Te idaṃ nissāya idaṃ gaṇhantīti dvāsaṭṭhi diṭṭhigatāni bhinditvā nijjaṭaṃ niggumbaṃ katvā kathetuṃ aññesaṃ thāmo vā balaṃ vā natthi, avisayo esa aññesaṃ, tathāgatasseva visayo. Iti samayantaraṃ patvā buddhānaṃ gajjitaṃ mahantaṃ hoti, ñāṇaṃ anupavisati, buddhañāṇassa mahantatā paññāyati, desanā gambhīrā hoti, tilakkhaṇāhatā, suññatāpaṭisaṃyuttāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Imasmiṃ pana ṭhāne samayantaraṃ labbhati, tasmā sabbaññutaññāṇassa mahantabhāvadassanatthaṃ desanāya ca suññatāpakāsanavibhāvanatthaṃ samayantaraṃ anupavisanto dhammarājā – ‘‘santi, bhikkhave, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā’’ti evaṃ pucchāvissajjanaṃ ārabhi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para29"></a><a name="para29_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">29</span>. Tattha <span class="bld">santī</span>ti atthi saṃvijjanti upalabbhanti. <span class="bld">Bhikkhave</span>ti ālapanavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Eke</span>ti ekacce. <span class="bld">Samaṇabrāhmaṇā</span>ti pabbajjūpagatabhāvena samaṇā, jātiyā brāhmaṇā. Lokena vā samaṇāti ca brāhmaṇāti ca evaṃ sammatā. Pubbantaṃ <a name="P1.0103"></a> kappetvā vikappetvā gaṇhantīti <span class="bld">pubbantakappikā.</span> Pubbantakappo vā <a name="M1.0096"></a> etesaṃ atthīti pubbantakappikā. Tattha antoti ayaṃ saddo antaabbhantaramariyādalāmakaparabhāgakoṭṭhāsesu dissati. ‘‘Antapūro udarapūro’’tiādīsu hi ante antasaddo. ‘‘Caranti loke parivārachannā anto asuddhā bahi sobhamānā’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 1.122) abbhantare. ‘‘Kāyabandhanassa anto jīrati (cūḷava. 278). ‘‘Sā haritantaṃ vā panthantaṃ vā selantaṃ vā udakantaṃ vā’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.304) mariyādāyaṃ. ‘‘Antamidaṃ, bhikkhave, jīvikānaṃ yadidaṃ piṇḍolya’’ntiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 3.80) lāmake. ‘‘Esevanto dukkhassā’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 2.51) parabhāge. Sabbapaccayasaṅkhayo hi dukkhassa parabhāgo koṭīti vuccati. ‘‘Sakkāyo kho, āvuso, eko anto’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 6.61) koṭṭhāse. Svāyaṃ idhāpi koṭṭhāse vattati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kappasaddopi – <a name="V1.0090"></a> ‘‘tiṭṭhatu, bhante bhagavā kappaṃ’’ (dī. ni. 2.167), ‘‘atthi kappo nipajjituṃ’’ (a. ni. 8.80), ‘‘kappakatena akappakataṃ saṃsibbitaṃ hotī’’ti, (pāci. 371) evaṃ āyukappalesakappavinayakappādīsu sambahulesu atthesu vattati. Idha taṇhādiṭṭhīsu vattatīti veditabbo. Vuttampi cetaṃ – ‘‘kappāti dve kappā, taṇhākappo ca diṭṭhikappo cā’’ti (mahāni. 28). Tasmā taṇhādiṭṭhivasena atītaṃ khandhakoṭṭhāsaṃ kappetvā pakappetvā ṭhitāti pubbantakappikāti evamettha attho veditabbo. Tesaṃ evaṃ pubbantaṃ kappetvā ṭhitānaṃ punappunaṃ uppajjanavasena pubbantameva anugatā diṭṭhīti pubbantānudiṭṭhino. Te evaṃdiṭṭhino taṃ pubbantaṃ ārabbha āgamma paṭicca aññampi janaṃ diṭṭhigatikaṃ karontā anekavihitāni adhimuttipadāni abhivadanti aṭṭhārasahi vatthūhi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">anekavihitānī</span>ti anekavidhāni. <span class="bld">Adhimuttipadānī</span>ti adhivacanapadāni. Atha vā bhūtaṃ atthaṃ <a name="P1.0104"></a> abhibhavitvā yathāsabhāvato aggahetvā pavattanato adhimuttiyoti diṭṭhiyo vuccanti. Adhimuttīnaṃ padāni adhimuttipadāni, diṭṭhidīpakāni vacanānīti attho. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhārasahi vatthūhī</span>ti aṭṭhārasahi kāraṇehi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para30"></a><a name="para30_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">30</span>. Idāni <a name="M1.0097"></a> yehi aṭṭhārasahi vatthūhi abhivadanti, tesaṃ kathetukamyatāya pucchāya ‘‘te ca kho bhonto’’tiādinā nayena pucchitvā tāni vatthūni vibhajitvā dassetuṃ ‘‘santi, bhikkhave’’tiādimāha. Tattha vadanti etenāti vādo, diṭṭhigatassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Sassato vādo etesanti <span class="bld">sassatavādā,</span> sassatadiṭṭhinoti attho. Eteneva nayena ito paresampi evarūpānaṃ padānaṃ attho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Sassataṃ attānañca lokañcā</span>ti rūpādīsu aññataraṃ attāti ca lokoti ca gahetvā taṃ sassataṃ amaraṃ niccaṃ dhuvaṃ paññapenti. Yathāha – ‘‘rūpaṃ attā ceva loko ca sassato cāti attānañca lokañca paññapenti tathā vedanaṃ, saññaṃ, saṅkhāre, viññāṇaṃ attā ceva loko ca sassato cāti attānañca lokañca paññapentī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para31"></a><a name="para31_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">31</span>. <span class="bld">Ātappamanvāyā</span>tiādīsu vīriyaṃ kilesānaṃ ātāpanabhāvena ātappanti vuttaṃ. Tadeva padahanavasena <span class="bld">padhānaṃ.</span> Punappunaṃ yuttavasena <span class="bld">anuyogo</span>ti. Evaṃ tippabhedaṃ vīriyaṃ anvāya āgamma paṭiccāti attho. <span class="bld">Appamādo</span> vuccati satiyā avippavāso. <span class="bld">Sammā manasikāro</span>ti upāyamanasikāro, pathamanasikāro, atthato ñāṇanti vuttaṃ hoti. Yasmiñhi manasikāre ṭhitassa pubbenivāsānussati ñāṇaṃ ijjhati, ayaṃ imasmiṃ ṭhāne manasikāroti adhippeto. Tasmā vīriyañca satiñca ñāṇañca āgammāti ayamettha saṅkhepattho. <span class="bld">Tathārūpa</span>nti tathājātikaṃ. <span class="bld">Cetosamādhi</span>nti <a name="V1.0091"></a> cittasamādhiṃ. <span class="bld">Phusatī</span>ti vindati paṭilabhati. <span class="bld">Yathā samāhite citte</span>ti yena samādhinā sammā āhite suṭṭhu ṭhapite cittamhi <span class="bld">anekavihitaṃ</span> <a name="P1.0105"></a> <span class="bld">pubbenivāsa</span>ntiādīnaṃ attho visuddhimagge vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">So evamāhā</span>ti so evaṃ jhānānubhāvasampanno hutvā diṭṭhigatiko evaṃ vadati. <span class="bld">Vañjho</span>ti vañjhapasuvañjhatālādayo viya aphalo kassaci ajanakoti. Etena ‘‘attā’’ti ca ‘‘loko’’ti ca gahitānaṃ jhānādīnaṃ rūpādijanakabhāvaṃ paṭikkhipati. Pabbatakūṭaṃ viya ṭhitoti <span class="bld">kūṭaṭṭho. Esikaṭṭhāyiṭṭhito</span>ti esikaṭṭhāyī viya hutvā ṭhitoti esikaṭṭhāyiṭṭhito. Yathā sunikhāto esikatthambho niccalo tiṭṭhati, evaṃ ṭhitoti attho. Ubhayenapi lokassa vināsābhāvaṃ dīpeti. Keci pana īsikaṭṭhāyiṭṭhitoti pāḷiṃ vatvā muñje īsikā viya ṭhitoti vadanti<a name="M1.0098"></a>. Tatrāyamadhippāyo – yadidaṃ jāyatīti vuccati, taṃ muñjato īsikā viya vijjamānameva nikkhamati. Yasmā ca īsikaṭṭhāyiṭṭhito, tasmā teva sattā sandhāvanti, ito aññattha gacchantīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saṃsarantī</span>ti aparāparaṃ sañcaranti. <span class="bld">Cavantī</span>ti evaṃ saṅkhyaṃ gacchanti. Tathā <span class="bld">upapajjantī</span>ti. Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ pana pubbe ‘‘sassato attā ca loko cā’’ti vatvā idāni te ca sattā sandhāvantītiādinā vacanena ayaṃ diṭṭhigatiko attanāyeva attano vādaṃ bhindati, diṭṭhigatikassa dassanaṃ nāma na nibaddhaṃ, thusarāsimhi nikhātakhāṇu viya cañcalaṃ, ummattakapacchiyaṃ pūvakhaṇḍagūthagomayādīni viya cettha sundarampi asundarampi hoti yevāti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Atthitveva sassatisama</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">sassatī</span>ti niccaṃ vijjamānatāya mahāpathaviṃva maññati, tathā sinerupabbatacandimasūriye. Tato tehi samaṃ attānaṃ maññamānā atthi tveva sassatisamanti vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni <span class="bld">sassato attā ca loko cā</span>tiādikāya paṭiññāya sādhanatthaṃ hetuṃ dassento ‘‘taṃ kissa hetu? Ahañhi ātappamanvāyā’’tiādimāha. Tattha <a name="P1.0106"></a> <span class="bld">imināmahaṃ etaṃ jānāmī</span>ti iminā visesādhigamena ahaṃ etaṃ paccakkhato jānāmi, na kevalaṃ saddhāmattakeneva vadāmīti dasseti, makāro panettha padasandhikaraṇatthaṃ vutto. <span class="bld">Idaṃ, bhikkhave, paṭhamaṃ ṭhāna</span>nti catūhi vatthūhīti vatthusaddena vuttesu catūsu ṭhānesu idaṃ paṭhamaṃ ṭhānaṃ, idaṃ jātisatasahassamattānussaraṇaṃ paṭhamaṃ kāraṇanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para32-33"></a><a name="para32-33_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">32-33</span>. Upari <a name="V1.0092"></a> vāradvayepi eseva nayo. Kevalañhi ayaṃ vāro anekajātisatasahassānussaraṇavasena vutto. Itare dasacattālīsasaṃvaṭṭavivaṭṭakappānussaraṇavasena. Mandapañño hi titthiyo anekajātisatasahassamattaṃ anussarati, majjhimapañño dasasaṃvaṭṭavivaṭṭakappāni, tikkhapañño cattālīsaṃ, na tato uddhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para34"></a><a name="para34_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">34</span>. Catutthavāre takkayatīti <span class="bld">takkī,</span> takko vā assa atthīti <span class="bld">takkī.</span> Takketvā vitakketvā diṭṭhigāhino etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Vīmaṃsāya samannāgatoti <span class="bld">vīmaṃsī.</span> Vīmaṃsā nāma tulanā ruccanā khamanā. Yathā hi puriso yaṭṭhiyā udakaṃ vīmaṃsitvā otarati, evameva yo tulayitvā ruccitvā <a name="M1.0099"></a> khamāpetvā diṭṭhiṃ gaṇhāti, so ‘‘vīmaṃsī’’ti veditabbo. <span class="bld">Takkapariyāhata</span>nti takkena pariyāhataṃ, tena tena pariyāyena takketvāti attho. <span class="bld">Vīmaṃsānucarita</span>nti tāya vuttappakārāya vīmaṃsāya anucaritaṃ. <span class="bld">Sayaṃpaṭibhāna</span>nti attano paṭibhānamattasañjātaṃ. <span class="bld">Evamāhā</span>ti sassatadiṭṭhiṃ gahetvā evaṃ vadati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha catubbidho takkī – anussutiko, jātissaro, lābhī, suddhatakkikoti. Tattha yo ‘‘vessantaro nāma rājā ahosī’’tiādīni sutvā ‘‘tena hi yadi vessantarova bhagavā, sassato <a name="P1.0107"></a> attā’’ti takkayanto diṭṭhiṃ gaṇhāti, ayaṃ anussutiko nāma. Dve tisso jātiyo saritvā – ‘‘ahameva pubbe asukasmiṃ nāma ahosiṃ, tasmā sassato attā’’ti takkayanto jātissaratakkiko nāma. Yo pana lābhitāya ‘‘yathā me idāni attā sukhī hoti, atītepi evaṃ ahosi, anāgatepi bhavissatī’’ti takkayitvā diṭṭhiṃ gaṇhāti, ayaṃ lābhītakkiko nāma. ‘‘Evaṃ sati idaṃ hotī’’ti takkamatteneva gaṇhanto pana suddhatakkiko nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para35"></a><a name="para35_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">35</span>. <span class="bld">Etesaṃ vā aññatarenā</span>ti etesaṃyeva catunnaṃ vatthūnaṃ aññatarena ekena vā dvīhi vā tīhi vā. <span class="bld">Natthi ito bahiddhā</span>ti imehi pana vatthūhi bahi aññaṃ ekaṃ kāraṇampi sassatapaññattiyā natthīti appaṭivattiyaṃ sīhanādaṃ nadati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para36"></a><a name="para36_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">36</span>. <span class="bld">Tayidaṃ, bhikkhave, tathāgato pajānātī</span>ti bhikkhave, taṃ idaṃ catubbidhampi diṭṭhigataṃ tathāgato nānappakārato jānāti. Tato taṃ pajānanākāraṃ dassento ime diṭṭhiṭṭhānātiādimāha. Tattha diṭṭhiyova diṭṭhiṭṭhānā nāma. Api ca diṭṭhīnaṃ kāraṇampi diṭṭhiṭṭhānameva. Yathāha ‘‘katamāni aṭṭha diṭṭhiṭṭhānāni? Khandhāpi diṭṭhiṭṭhānaṃ, avijjāpi, phassopi<a name="V1.0093"></a>, saññāpi, vitakkopi, ayonisomanasikāropi, pāpamittopi, paratoghosopi diṭṭhiṭṭhāna’’nti. ‘‘Khandhā hetu, khandhā paccayo diṭṭhiṭṭhānaṃ upādāya samuṭṭhānaṭṭhena, evaṃ khandhāpi diṭṭhiṭṭhānaṃ. Avijjā hetu…pe… pāpamitto hetu. Paratoghoso hetu, paratoghoso paccayo diṭṭhiṭṭhānaṃ upādāya samuṭṭhānaṭṭhena, evaṃ paratoghosopi diṭṭhiṭṭhāna’’nti (paṭi. ma. 1.124). <span class="bld">Evaṃgahitā</span>ti diṭṭhisaṅkhātā tāva <a name="M1.0100"></a> diṭṭhiṭṭhānā – ‘‘sassato attā ca loko cā’’ti evaṃgahitā ādinnā, pavattitāti attho. <span class="bld">Evaṃparāmaṭṭhā</span>ti nirāsaṅkacittatāya punappunaṃ āmaṭṭhā parāmaṭṭhā, ‘idameva saccaṃ, moghamañña’nti pariniṭṭhāpitā<a name="P1.0108"></a>. Kāraṇasaṅkhātā pana diṭṭhiṭṭhānā yathā gayhamānā diṭṭhiyo samuṭṭhāpenti, evaṃ ārammaṇavasena ca pavattanavasena ca āsevanavasena ca gahitā. Anādīnavadassitāya punappunaṃ gahaṇavasena parāmaṭṭhā. <span class="bld">Evaṃgatikā</span>ti evaṃ nirayatiracchānapettivisayagatikānaṃ aññataragatikā. <span class="bld">Evaṃ abhisamparāyā</span>ti idaṃ purimapadasseva vevacanaṃ, evaṃvidhaparalokāti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tañca tathāgato pajānātī</span>ti na kevalañca tathāgato sakāraṇaṃ sagatikaṃ diṭṭhigatameva pajānāti, atha kho tañca sabbaṃ pajānāti, tato ca uttaritaraṃ sīlañceva samādhiñca sabbaññutaññāṇañca pajānāti. <span class="bld">Tañca pajānanaṃ na parāmasatī</span>ti tañca evaṃvidhaṃ anuttaraṃ visesaṃ pajānantopi ahaṃ pajānāmīti taṇhādiṭṭhimānaparāmāsavasena tañca na parāmasati. <span class="bld">Aparāmasato cassa paccattaññeva nibbuti viditā</span>ti evaṃ aparāmasato cassa aparāmāsapaccayā sayameva attanāyeva tesaṃ parāmāsakilesānaṃ nibbuti viditā. Pākaṭaṃ, bhikkhave, tathāgatassa nibbānanti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni yathāpaṭipannena tathāgatena sā nibbuti adhigatā, taṃ paṭipattiṃ dassetuṃ yāsu vedanāsu rattā titthiyā ‘‘idha sukhino bhavissāma, ettha sukhino bhavissāmā’’ti diṭṭhigahanaṃ pavisanti, tāsaṃyeva vedanānaṃ vasena kammaṭṭhānaṃ ācikkhanto vedanānaṃ samudayañcātiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">yathābhūtaṃ viditvā</span>ti ‘‘avijjāsamudayā vedanāsamudayoti paccayasamudayaṭṭhena vedanākkhandhassa udayaṃ passati, taṇhāsamudayā vedanāsamudayoti paccayasamudayaṭṭhena vedanākkhandhassa udayaṃ passati, kammasamudayā vedanāsamudayoti paccayasamudayaṭṭhena vedanākkhandhassa udayaṃ passati, phassasamudayā vedanāsamudayoti paccayasamudayaṭṭhena vedanākkhandhassa udayaṃ passati (paṭi. ma. 1.50). Nibbattilakkhaṇaṃ passantopi vedanākkhandhassa udayaṃ passatī’’ti imesaṃ pañcannaṃ lakkhaṇānaṃ vasena vedanānaṃ samudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ viditvā; ‘‘avijjānirodhā vedanānirodhoti paccayanirodhaṭṭhena vedanākkhandhassa <a name="P1.0109"></a> vayaṃ passati, taṇhānirodhā <a name="V1.0094"></a> vedanānirodhoti paccayanirodhaṭṭhena vedanākkhandhassa vayaṃ passati<a name="M1.0101"></a>, kammanirodhā vedanānirodhoti paccayanirodhaṭṭhena vedanākkhandhassa vayaṃ passati, phassanirodhā vedanānirodhoti paccayanirodhaṭṭhena vedanākkhandhassa vayaṃ passati. Vipariṇāmalakkhaṇaṃ passantopi vedanākkhandhassa vayaṃ passatī’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.50) imesaṃ pañcannaṃ lakkhaṇānaṃ vasena vedanānaṃ atthaṅgamaṃ yathābhūtaṃ viditvā, ‘‘yaṃ vedanaṃ paṭicca uppajjati sukhaṃ somanassaṃ, ayaṃ vedanāya assādo’’ti (saṃ. ni. 3.26) evaṃ assādañca yathābhūtaṃ viditvā, ‘‘yaṃ vedanā aniccā dukkhā vipariṇāmadhammā, ayaṃ vedanāya ādīnavo’’ti evaṃ ādīnavañca yathābhūtaṃ viditvā, ‘‘yo vedanāya chandarāgavinayo chandarāgappahānaṃ, idaṃ vedanāya nissaraṇa’’nti evaṃ nissaraṇañca yathābhūtaṃ viditvā vigatachandarāgatāya anupādāno anupādāvimutto, bhikkhave, tathāgato; yasmiṃ upādāne sati kiñci upādiyeyya, upādinnattā ca khandho bhaveyya, tassa abhāvā kiñci dhammaṃ anupādiyitvāva vimutto bhikkhave tathāgatoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para37"></a><a name="para37_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">37</span>. <span class="bld">Ime kho te, bhikkhave</span>ti ye te ahaṃ – ‘‘katame, ca te, bhikkhave, dhammā gambhīrā’’ti apucchiṃ, ‘‘ime kho te, bhikkhave, tañca tathāgato pajānāti tato ca uttaritaraṃ pajānātī’’ti evaṃ niddiṭṭhā sabbaññutaññāṇadhammā gambhīrā duddasā…pe… paṇḍitavedanīyāti veditabbā. Yehi tathāgatassa neva puthujjano, na sotāpannādīsu aññataro vaṇṇaṃ yathābhūtaṃ vattuṃ sakkoti, atha kho tathāgatova yathābhūtaṃ vaṇṇaṃ sammā vadamāno vadeyyāti evaṃ pucchamānenāpi sabbaññutaññāṇameva puṭṭhaṃ, niyyātentenāpi tadeva niyyātitaṃ, antarā pana diṭṭhiyo vibhattāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Paṭhamabhāṇavāravaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Ekaccasassatavādavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para38"></a><a name="para38_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">38</span>. <span class="bld">Ekaccasassatikā</span>ti ekaccasassatavādā. Te duvidhā honti – sattekaccasassatikā, saṅkhārekaccasassatikāti. Duvidhāpi idha gahitāyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para39"></a><a name="para39_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">39</span>. <span class="bld">Ya</span>nti <a name="P1.0110"></a> nipātamattaṃ. <span class="bld">Kadācī</span>ti kismiñci kāle. <span class="bld">Karahacī</span>ti tasseva vevacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Dīghassa</span> <a name="V1.0095"></a> <span class="bld">addhuno</span>ti dīghassa kālassa. <span class="bld">Accayenā</span>ti atikkamena<a name="M1.0102"></a>. <span class="bld">Saṃvaṭṭatī</span>ti vinassati. <span class="bld">Yebhuyyenā</span>ti ye uparibrahmalokesu vā arūpesu vā nibbattanti, tadavasese sandhāya vuttaṃ. Jhānamanena nibbattattā <span class="bld">manomayā.</span> Pīti tesaṃ bhakkho āhāroti <span class="bld">pītibhakkhā.</span> Attanova tesaṃ pabhāti <span class="bld">sayaṃpabhā.</span> Antalikkhe carantīti <span class="bld">antalikkhacarā.</span> Subhesu uyyānavimānakapparukkhādīsu tiṭṭhantīti, <span class="bld">subhaṭṭhāyino</span> subhā vā manorammavatthābharaṇā hutvā tiṭṭhantīti <span class="bld">subhaṭṭhāyino. Ciraṃ dīghamaddhāna</span>nti ukkaṃsena aṭṭha kappe.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para40"></a><a name="para40_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">40</span>. <span class="bld">Vivaṭṭatī</span>ti saṇṭhāti. <span class="bld">Suññaṃ brahmavimāna</span>nti pakatiyā nibbattasattānaṃ natthitāya suññaṃ, brahmakāyikabhūmi nibbattatīti attho. Tassa kattā vā kāretā vā natthi, visuddhimagge vuttanayena pana kammapaccayautusamuṭṭhānā ratanabhūmi nibbattati. Pakatinibbattiṭṭhānesuyeva cettha uyyānakapparukkhādayo nibbattanti. Atha sattānaṃ pakatiyā vasitaṭṭhāne nikanti uppajjati, te paṭhamajjhānaṃ bhāvetvā tato otaranti, tasmā atha kho aññataro sattotiādimāha. <span class="bld">Āyukkhayā vā puññakkhayā vā</span>ti ye uḷāraṃ puññakammaṃ katvā yattha katthaci appāyuke devaloke nibbattanti, te attano puññabalena ṭhātuṃ <a name="P1.0111"></a> na sakkonti, tassa pana devalokassa āyuppamāṇeneva cavantīti āyukkhayā cavantīti vuccanti. Ye pana parittaṃ puññakammaṃ katvā dīghāyukadevaloke nibbattanti, te yāvatāyukaṃ ṭhātuṃ na sakkonti, antarāva cavantīti puññakkhayā cavantīti vuccanti. <span class="bld">Dīghamaddhānaṃ tiṭṭhatī</span>ti kappaṃ vā upaḍḍhakappaṃ vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para41"></a><a name="para41_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">41</span>. <span class="bld">Anabhiratī</span>ti aparassāpi sattassa āgamanapatthanā. Yā pana paṭighasampayuttā ukkaṇṭhitā, sā brahmaloke natthi. <span class="bld">Paritassanā</span>ti ubbijjanā phandanā, sā panesā tāsatassanā, taṇhātassanā, diṭṭhitassanā, ñāṇatassanāti catubbidhā hoti. Tattha ‘‘jātiṃ paṭicca bhayaṃ bhayānakaṃ chambhitattaṃ lomahaṃso cetaso utrāso. Jaraṃ… byādhiṃ… maraṇaṃ paṭicca…pe… utrāso’’ti (vibha. 921) ayaṃ <span class="bld">tāsatassanā</span> nāma. ‘‘Aho vata aññepi sattā itthattaṃ āgaccheyyu’’nti (dī. ni. 3.38) ayaṃ <span class="bld">taṇhātassanā</span> nāma. ‘‘Paritassitavipphanditamevā’’ti ayaṃ <span class="bld">diṭṭhitassanā</span> nāma. ‘‘Tepi tathāgatassa dhammadesanaṃ <a name="M1.0103"></a> sutvā yebhuyyena bhayaṃ saṃvegaṃ santāsaṃ āpajjantī’’ti (a. ni. 4.33) ayaṃ <span class="bld">ñāṇatassanā</span> nāma. Idha pana taṇhātassanāpi diṭṭhitassanāpi vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Brahmavimāna</span>nti idha pana paṭhamābhinibbattassa atthitāya suññanti na vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Upapajjantī</span>ti upapattivasena upagacchanti. <span class="bld">Sahabyata</span>nti sahabhāvaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para42"></a><a name="para42_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">42</span>. <span class="bld">Abhibhū</span>ti <a name="V1.0096"></a> abhibhavitvā ṭhito jeṭṭhakohamasmīti. <span class="bld">Anabhibhūto</span>ti aññehi anabhibhūto. <span class="bld">Aññadatthū</span>ti ekaṃsavacane nipāto. Dassanavasena <span class="bld">daso,</span> sabbaṃ passāmīti attho. <span class="bld">Vasavattī</span>ti sabbaṃ janaṃ vase vattemi. <span class="bld">Issaro kattā nimmātā</span>ti ahaṃ loke issaro, ahaṃ lokassa kattā ca nimmātā ca, pathavī – himavanta-sineru-cakkavāḷa-mahāsamudda-candima-sūriyā mayā nimmitāti. <span class="bld">Seṭṭho sajitā</span>ti ahaṃ lokassa uttamo ca sajitā ca, ‘‘tvaṃ khattiyo nāma hohi, tvaṃ brāhmaṇo, vesso, suddo, gahaṭṭho, pabbajito nāma. Antamaso <a name="P1.0112"></a> tvaṃ oṭṭho hohi, goṇo hohī’’ti ‘‘evaṃ sattānaṃ saṃvisajetā aha’’nti maññati. <span class="bld">Vasī pitā bhūtabhabyāna</span>nti (dī. ni. 1.17) ahamasmi ciṇṇavasitāya vasī, ahaṃ pitā bhūtānañca bhabyānañcāti maññati. Tattha aṇḍajajalābujā sattā antoaṇḍakose ceva antovatthimhi ca bhabyā nāma, bahi nikkhantakālato paṭṭhāya bhūtā nāma. Saṃsedajā paṭhamacittakkhaṇe bhabyā, dutiyato paṭṭhāya bhūtā. Opapātikā paṭhamairiyāpathe bhabyā, dutiyato paṭṭhāya bhūtāti veditabbā. Te sabbepi mayhaṃ puttāti saññāya ‘‘ahaṃ pitā bhūtabhabyāna’’nti maññati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni kāraṇato sādhetukāmo – ‘‘mayā ime sattā nimmitā’’ti paṭiññaṃ katvā ‘‘taṃ kissa hetū’’tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Itthatta</span>nti itthabhāvaṃ, brahmabhāvanti attho. <span class="bld">Iminā maya</span>nti attano kammavasena cutāpi upapannāpi ca kevalaṃ maññanāmatteneva ‘‘iminā mayaṃ nimmitā’’ti maññamānā vaṅkacchidde vaṅkaāṇī viya onamitvā tasseva pādamūlaṃ gacchantīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para43"></a><a name="para43_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">43</span>. <span class="bld">Vaṇṇavantataro cā</span>ti vaṇṇavantataro, abhirūpo pāsādikoti attho. <span class="bld">Mahesakkhataro</span>ti issariyaparivāravasena mahāyasataro.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para44"></a><a name="para44_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">44</span>. <span class="bld">Ṭhānaṃ</span> <a name="M1.0104"></a> <span class="bld">kho paneta</span>nti kāraṇaṃ kho panetaṃ. So tato cavitvā aññatra na gacchati, idheva āgacchati, taṃ sandhāyetaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Agārasmā</span>ti gehā. <span class="bld">Anagāriya</span>nti pabbajjaṃ. Pabbajjā hi yasmā agārassa hi taṃ kasigorakkhādikammaṃ tattha natthi, tasmā anagāriyanti vuccati. <span class="bld">Pabbajatī</span>ti upagacchati. <span class="bld">Tato paraṃ nānussaratī</span>ti tato pubbenivāsā paraṃ na sarati, sarituṃ asakkonto tattha ṭhatvā diṭṭhiṃ gaṇhāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nicco</span>tiādīsu tassa upapattiṃ apassanto <span class="bld">nicco</span>ti vadati, maraṇaṃ apassanto <span class="bld">dhuvo</span>ti, sadābhāvato <span class="bld">sassato</span>ti, jarāvasenāpi <a name="P1.0113"></a> vipariṇāmassa abhāvato avipariṇāmadhammoti. Sesamettha paṭhamavāre uttānamevāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para45-46"></a><a name="para45-46_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">45-46</span>. Dutiyavāre <a name="V1.0097"></a> khiḍḍāya padussanti vinassantīti <span class="bld">khiḍḍāpadosikā,</span> padūsikātipi pāḷiṃ likhanti, sā aṭṭhakathāyaṃ natthi. <span class="bld">Ativela</span>nti atikālaṃ, aticiranti attho. <span class="bld">Hassakhiḍḍāratidhammasamāpannā</span>ti hassarati dhammañceva khiḍḍāratidhammañca samāpannā anuyuttā, keḷihassasukhañceva kāyikavācasikakīḷāsukhañca anuyuttā, vuttappakāraratidhammasamaṅgino hutvā viharantīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sati sammussatī</span>ti khādanīyabhojanīyesu sati sammussati. Te kira puññavisesādhigatena mahantena attano sirivibhavena nakkhattaṃ kīḷantā tāya sampattimahantatāya – ‘‘āhāraṃ paribhuñjimha, na paribhuñjimhā’’tipi na jānanti. Atha ekāhārātikkamanato paṭṭhāya nirantaraṃ khādantāpi pivantāpi cavantiyeva, na tiṭṭhanti. Kasmā? Kammajatejassa balavatāya, karajakāyassa mandatāya, manussānañhi kammajatejo mando, karajakāyo balavā. Tesaṃ tejassa mandatāya karajakāyassa balavatāya sattāhampi atikkamitvā uṇhodakaacchayāguādīhi sakkā vatthuṃ upatthambhetuṃ. Devānaṃ pana tejo balavā hoti, karajaṃ mandaṃ. Te ekaṃ āhāravelaṃ atikkamitvāva saṇṭhātuṃ na sakkonti. Yathā nāma gimhānaṃ majjhanhike tattapāsāṇe ṭhapitaṃ padumaṃ vā uppalaṃ vā sāyanhasamaye ghaṭasatenāpi siñciyamānaṃ pākatikaṃ na hoti, vinassatiyeva. Evameva pacchā nirantaraṃ khādantāpi pivantāpi cavantiyeva, na <a name="M1.0105"></a> tiṭṭhanti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘satiyā sammosā te devā tamhā kāyā cavantī’’</span>ti. Katame <a name="P1.0114"></a> pana te devāti? Ime devāti aṭṭhakathāyaṃ vicāraṇā natthi, ‘‘devānaṃ kammajatejo balavā hoti, karajaṃ manda’’nti avisesena vuttattā pana ye keci kabaḷīkārāhārūpajīvino devā evaṃ karonti, teyeva cavantīti veditabbā. Keci panāhu – ‘‘nimmānaratiparanimmitavasavattino te devā’’ti. Khiḍḍāpadussanamatteneva hete khiḍḍāpadosikāti vuttā. Sesamettha purimanayeneva veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para47-48"></a><a name="para47-48_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">47-48</span>. Tatiyavāre manena padussanti vinassantīti <span class="bld">manopadosikā,</span> ete cātumahārājikā. Tesu kira eko devaputto – nakkhattaṃ kīḷissāmīti saparivāro rathena vīthiṃ paṭipajjati, athañño nikkhamanto taṃ purato gacchantaṃ disvā – ‘bho ayaṃ kapaṇo’, adiṭṭhapubbaṃ viya etaṃ disvā – ‘‘pītiyā uddhumāto viya bhijjamāno viya ca gacchatī’’ti kujjhati. Purato gacchantopi nivattitvā taṃ kuddhaṃ disvā – kuddhā nāma suviditā hontīti kuddhabhāvamassa ñatvā – ‘‘tvaṃ kuddho, mayhaṃ kiṃ karissasi, ayaṃ sampatti mayā dānasīlādīnaṃ vasena laddhā, na tuyhaṃ vasenā’’ti paṭikujjhati. Ekasmiñhi kuddhe itaro akuddho <a name="V1.0098"></a> rakkhati, ubhosu pana kuddhesu ekassa kodho itarassa paccayo hoti. Tassapi kodho itarassa paccayo hotīti ubho kandantānaṃyeva orodhānaṃ cavanti. Ayamettha dhammatā. Sesaṃ vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para49-52"></a><a name="para49-52_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">49-52</span>. Takkīvāde ayaṃ cakkhādīnaṃ bhedaṃ passati, cittaṃ pana yasmā purimaṃ purimaṃ pacchimassa pacchimassa paccayaṃ datvāva nirujjhati, tasmā cakkhādīnaṃ bhedato balavatarampi cittassa bhedaṃ na passati. So taṃ apassanto yathā nāma sakuṇo ekaṃ rukkhaṃ jahitvā aññasmiṃ nilīyati, evameva imasmiṃ attabhāve bhinne cittaṃ aññatra gacchatīti gahetvā evamāha. Sesamettha vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Antānantavādavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para53"></a><a name="para53_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">53</span>. <span class="bld">Antānantikā</span>ti <a name="P1.0115"></a> antānantavādā, antaṃ vā anantaṃ vā antānantaṃ vā nevantānānantaṃ vā ārabbha pavattavādāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para54-60"></a><a name="para54-60_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">54-60</span>. <span class="bld">Antasaññī</span> <a name="M1.0106"></a> <span class="bld">lokasmiṃ viharatī</span>ti paṭibhāganimittaṃ cakkavāḷapariyantaṃ avaḍḍhetvā taṃ – ‘‘loko’’ti gahetvā antasaññī lokasmiṃ viharati, cakkavāḷapariyantaṃ katvā vaḍḍhitakasiṇo pana anantasaññī hoti, uddhamadho avaḍḍhetvā pana tiriyaṃ vaḍḍhetvā uddhamadho antasaññī, tiriyaṃ anantasaññī. Takkīvādo vuttanayeneva veditabbo. Ime cattāropi attanā diṭṭhapubbānusāreneva diṭṭhiyā gahitattā pubbantakappikesu paviṭṭhā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Amarāvikkhepavādavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para61"></a><a name="para61_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">61</span>. Na maratīti <span class="bld">amarā.</span> Kā sā? Evantipi me notiādinā nayena pariyantarahitā diṭṭhigatikassa diṭṭhi ceva vācā ca. Vividho khepoti <span class="bld">vikkhepo,</span> amarāya diṭṭhiyā vācāya ca vikkhepoti <span class="bld">amarāvikkhepo,</span> so etesaṃ atthīti <span class="bld">amarāvikkhepikā,</span> aparo nayo – amarā nāma ekā macchajāti, sā ummujjananimujjanādivasena udake sandhāvamānā gahetuṃ na sakkāti, evameva ayampi vādo itocito ca sandhāvati, gāhaṃ na upagacchatīti <span class="bld">amarāvikkhepo</span>ti vuccati. So etesaṃ atthīti <span class="bld">amarāvikkhepikā.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para62"></a><a name="para62_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">62</span>. <span class="bld">‘‘Idaṃ</span> <a name="V1.0099"></a> <span class="bld">kusala’’nti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānātī</span>ti dasa kusalakammapathe yathābhūtaṃ nappajānātīti attho. Akusalepi dasa akusalakammapathāva adhippetā. <span class="bld">So mamassa vighāto</span>ti ‘‘musā mayā bhaṇita’’nti vippaṭisāruppattiyā mama vighāto assa, dukkhaṃ bhaveyyāti attho. <span class="bld">So mamassa antarāyo</span>ti so mama saggassa ceva maggassa ca antarāyo assa. <span class="bld">Musāvādabhayā musāvādaparijegucchā</span>ti musāvāde ottappena ceva hiriyā ca. <span class="bld">Vācāvikkhepaṃ āpajjatī</span>ti vācāya vikkhepaṃ āpajjati. Kīdisaṃ? Amarāvikkhepaṃ, apariyantavikkhepanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evantipi me no</span>tiādīsu evantipi me noti aniyamitavikkhepo<a name="P1.0116"></a>. <span class="bld">Tathātipi me no</span>ti ‘‘sassato attā ca loko cā’’ti vuttaṃ sassatavādaṃ paṭikkhipati. <span class="bld">Aññathātipi me no</span>ti sassatato aññathā vuttaṃ ekaccasassataṃ paṭikkhipati. <span class="bld">Notipi me no</span>ti – ‘‘na <a name="M1.0107"></a> hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’’ti vuttaṃ ucchedaṃ paṭikkhipati. <span class="bld">No notipi me no</span>ti ‘‘neva hoti na na hotī’’ti vuttaṃ takkīvādaṃ paṭikkhipati. Sayaṃ pana ‘‘idaṃ kusala’’nti vā ‘‘akusala’’nti vā puṭṭho na kiñci byākaroti. ‘‘Idaṃ kusala’’nti puṭṭho ‘‘evantipi me no’’ti vadati. Tato ‘‘kiṃ akusala’’nti vutte ‘‘tathātipi me no’’ti vadati. ‘‘Kiṃ ubhayato aññathā’’ti vutte ‘‘aññathātipi me no’’ti vadati. Tato ‘‘tividhenāpi na hoti, kiṃ te laddhī’’ti vutte ‘‘notipi me no’’ti vadati. Tato ‘‘kiṃ no noti te laddhī’’ti vutte ‘‘no notipi me no’’ti evaṃ vikkhepameva āpajjati, ekasmimpi pakkhe na tiṭṭhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para63"></a><a name="para63_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">63</span>. <span class="bld">Chando vā rāgo vā</span>ti ajānantopi sahasā kusalameva ‘‘kusala’’nti vatvā akusalameva ‘‘akusala’’nti vatvā mayā asukassa nāma evaṃ byākataṃ, kiṃ taṃ subyākatanti aññe paṇḍite pucchitvā tehi – ‘‘subyākataṃ, bhadramukha, kusalameva tayā kusalaṃ, akusalameva akusalanti byākata’’nti vutte natthi mayā sadiso paṇḍitoti evaṃ me tattha chando vā rāgo vā assāti attho. Ettha ca chando dubbalarāgo, rāgo balavarāgo. <span class="bld">Doso vā paṭigho vā</span>ti kusalaṃ pana ‘‘akusala’’nti, akusalaṃ vā ‘‘kusala’’nti vatvā aññe paṇḍite pucchitvā tehi – ‘‘dubyākataṃ tayā’’ti vutte ettakampi nāma na jānāmīti tattha me assa doso vā paṭigho vāti attho. Idhāpi doso dubbalakodho, paṭigho balavakodho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Taṃ</span> <a name="V1.0100"></a> <span class="bld">mamassa upādānaṃ, so mamassa vighāto</span>ti taṃ chandarāgadvayaṃ mama upādānaṃ assa, dosapaṭighadvayaṃ vighāto. Ubhayampi vā daḷhaggahaṇavasena upādānaṃ<a name="P1.0117"></a>, vihananavasena vighāto. Rāgo hi amuñcitukāmatāya ārammaṇaṃ gaṇhāti jalūkā viya. Doso vināsetukāmatāya āsīviso viya. Ubhopi cete santāpakaṭṭhena vihananti yevāti ‘‘upādāna’’nti ca ‘‘vighāto’’ti ca vuttā. Sesaṃ paṭhamavārasadisameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para64"></a><a name="para64_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">64</span>. <span class="bld">Paṇḍitā</span>ti <a name="M1.0108"></a> paṇḍiccena samannāgatā. <span class="bld">Nipuṇā</span>ti saṇhasukhumabuddhino sukhumaatthantaraṃ paṭivijjhanasamatthā. <span class="bld">Kataparappavādā</span>ti viññātaparappavādā ceva parehi saddhiṃ katavādaparicayā ca. <span class="bld">Vālavedhirūpā</span>ti vālavedhidhanuggahasadisā. <span class="bld">Te bhindantā maññe</span>ti vālavedhi viya vālaṃ sukhumānipi paresaṃ diṭṭhigatāni attano paññāgatena bhindantā viya carantīti attho. <span class="bld">Te maṃ tatthā</span>ti te samaṇabrāhmaṇā maṃ tesu kusalākusalesu. <span class="bld">Samanuyuñjeyyu</span>nti ‘‘kiṃ kusalaṃ, kiṃ akusalanti attano laddhiṃ vadā’’ti laddhiṃ puccheyyuṃ. <span class="bld">Samanugāheyyu</span>nti ‘‘idaṃ nāmā’’ti vutte ‘‘kena kāraṇena etamatthaṃ gāheyyu’’nti kāraṇaṃ puccheyyuṃ. <span class="bld">Samanubhāseyyu</span>nti ‘‘iminā nāma kāraṇenā’’ti vutte kāraṇe dosaṃ dassetvā ‘‘na tvaṃ idaṃ jānāsi, idaṃ pana gaṇha, idaṃ vissajjehī’’ti evaṃ samanuyuñjeyyuṃ. <span class="bld">Na sampāyeyya</span>nti na sampādeyyaṃ, sampādetvā kathetuṃ na sakkuṇeyyanti attho. <span class="bld">So mamassa vighāto</span>ti yaṃ taṃ punappunaṃ vatvāpi asampāyanaṃ nāma, so mama vighāto assa, oṭṭhatālujivhāgalasosanadukkhameva assāti attho. Sesametthāpi paṭhamavārasadisameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para65-66"></a><a name="para65-66_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">65-66</span>. <span class="bld">Mando</span>ti mandapañño apaññassevetaṃ nāmaṃ. <span class="bld">Momūho</span>ti atisammūḷho. <span class="bld">Hoti</span> <a name="P1.0118"></a> <span class="bld">tathāgato</span>tiādīsu satto ‘‘tathāgato’’ti adhippeto. Sesamettha uttānameva. Imepi cattāro pubbe pavattadhammānusāreneva diṭṭhiyā gahitattā pubbantakappikesu paviṭṭhā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Adhiccasamuppannavādavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para67"></a><a name="para67_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">67</span>. ‘‘Adhiccasamuppanno attā ca loko cā’’ti dassanaṃ adhiccasamuppannaṃ. Taṃ etesaṃ atthīti <span class="bld">adhiccasamuppannikā. Adhiccasamuppanna</span>nti akāraṇasamuppannaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para68-73"></a><a name="para68-73_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">68-73</span>. <span class="bld">Asaññasattā</span>ti desanāsīsametaṃ, acittuppādā rūpamattakaattabhāvāti attho. Tesaṃ evaṃ uppatti veditabbā – ekacco hi titthāyatane pabbajitvā vāyokasiṇe parikammaṃ katvā <a name="V1.0101"></a> catutthajjhānaṃ nibbattetvā jhānā vuṭṭhāya – ‘‘citte dosaṃ passati, citte sati hatthacchedādidukkhañceva <a name="M1.0109"></a> sabbabhayāni ca honti, alaṃ iminā cittena, acittakabhāvova santo’’ti, evaṃ citte dosaṃ passitvā aparihīnajjhāno kālaṃ katvā asaññasattesu nibbattati, cittamassa cuticittanirodhena idheva nivattati, rūpakkhandhamattameva tattha pātubhavati. Te tattha yathā nāma jiyāvegakkhitto saro yattako jiyāvego, tattakameva ākāse gacchati. Evameva jhānavegakkhittā upapajjitvā yattako jhānavego, tattakameva kālaṃ tiṭṭhanti, jhānavege pana parihīne tattha rūpakkhandho antaradhāyati, idha pana paṭisandhisaññā uppajjati. Yasmā pana tāya idha uppannasaññāya tesaṃ tattha cuti paññāyati, tasmā ‘‘saññuppādā ca pana te devā tamhā kāyā cavantī’’ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Santatāyā</span>ti santabhāvāya. Sesamettha uttānameva. Takkīvādopi vuttanayeneva veditabboti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Aparantakappikavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para74"></a><a name="para74_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">74</span>. Evaṃ aṭṭhārasa pubbantakappike dassetvā idāni catucattārīsaṃ aparantakappike dassetuṃ – ‘‘santi, bhikkhave’’tiādimāha. Tattha anāgatakoṭṭhāsasaṅkhātaṃ aparantaṃ kappetvā gaṇhantīti <span class="bld">aparantakappikā,</span> aparantakappo vā etesaṃ <a name="P1.0119"></a> atthīti <span class="bld">aparantakappikā.</span> Evaṃ sesampi pubbe vuttappakāranayeneva veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Saññīvādavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para75"></a><a name="para75_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">75</span>. <span class="bld">Uddhamāghātanikā</span>ti āghātanaṃ vuccati maraṇaṃ, uddhamāghātanā attānaṃ vadantīti <span class="bld">uddhamāghātanikā.</span> Saññīti pavatto vādo, saññīvādo, so etesaṃ atthīti <span class="bld">saññīvādā.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para76-77"></a><a name="para76-77_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">76-77</span>. <span class="bld">Rūpī attā</span>tiādīsu kasiṇarūpaṃ ‘‘attā’’ti tattha pavattasaññañcassa ‘‘saññā’’ti gahetvā vā ājīvakādayo viya takkamatteneva vā ‘‘rūpī attā hoti, arogo paraṃ maraṇā saññī’’ti naṃ paññapenti. Tattha <span class="bld">arogo</span>ti nicco. Arūpasamāpattinimittaṃ pana ‘‘attā’’ti samāpattisaññañcassa ‘‘saññā’’ti gahetvā vā nigaṇṭhādayo viya takkamatteneva vā ‘‘arūpī attā hoti, arogo paraṃ maraṇā saññī’’ti naṃ paññapenti. Tatiyā pana missakagāhavasena pavattā diṭṭhi. Catutthā takkagāheneva. Dutiyacatukkaṃ <a name="M1.0110"></a> antānantikavāde vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ. Tatiyacatukke samāpannakavasena ekattasaññī<a name="V1.0102"></a>, asamāpannakavasena nānattasaññī, parittakasiṇavasena parittasaññī, vipulakasiṇavasena appamāṇasaññīti veditabbā. Catutthacatukke pana dibbena cakkhunā tikacatukkajjhānabhūmiyaṃ nibbattamānaṃ disvā ‘‘ekantasukhī’’ti gaṇhāti. Niraye nibbattamānaṃ disvā ‘‘ekantadukkhī’’ti. Manussesu nibbattamānaṃ disvā ‘‘sukhadukkhī’’ti. Vehapphaladevesu nibbattamānaṃ disvā ‘‘adukkhamasukhī’’ti gaṇhāti. Visesato hi pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇalābhino pubbantakappikā honti, dibbacakkhukā aparantakappikāti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Asaññīvādavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para78-83"></a><a name="para78-83_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">78-83</span>. Asaññīvādo saññīvāde ādimhi vuttānaṃ dvinnaṃ catukkānaṃ vasena veditabbo. Tathā nevasaññīnāsaññīvādo. Kevalañhi tattha ‘‘saññī attā’’ti gaṇhantānaṃ tā diṭṭhiyo, idha ‘‘asaññī’’ti ca ‘‘nevasaññīnāsaññī’’ti ca. Tattha na ekantena kāraṇaṃ pariyesitabbaṃ. Diṭṭhigatikassa hi gāho ummattakapacchisadisoti vuttametaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Ucchedavādavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para84"></a><a name="para84_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">84</span>. Ucchedavāde <span class="bld">sato</span>ti vijjamānassa. <span class="bld">Uccheda</span>nti upacchedaṃ<a name="P1.0120"></a>. <span class="bld">Vināsa</span>nti adassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Vibhava</span>nti bhāvavigamaṃ. Sabbānetāni aññamaññavevacanāneva. Tattha dve janā ucchedadiṭṭhiṃ gaṇhanti, lābhī ca alābhī ca. Lābhī arahato dibbena cakkhunā cutiṃ disvā upapattiṃ apassanto, yo vā cutimattameva daṭṭhuṃ sakkoti, na upapātaṃ; so ucchedadiṭṭhiṃ gaṇhāti. Alābhī ca ‘‘ko paralokaṃ na jānātī’’ti kāmasukhagiddhatāya vā. ‘‘Yathā rukkhato paṇṇāni patitāni na puna viruhanti, evameva sattā’’tiādinā takkena vā ucchedaṃ gaṇhāti. Idha pana taṇhādiṭṭhīnaṃ vasena tathā ca aññathā ca vikappetvāva imā satta diṭṭhiyo uppannāti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para85"></a><a name="para85_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">85</span>. Tattha <span class="bld">rūpī</span>ti rūpavā. <span class="bld">Cātumahābhūtiko</span>ti catumahābhūtamayo. Mātāpitūnaṃ etanti mātāpettikaṃ. Kiṃ taṃ? Sukkasoṇitaṃ. Mātāpettike <a name="M1.0111"></a> sambhūto jātoti <span class="bld">mātāpettikasambhavo.</span> Iti rūpakāyasīsena manussattabhāvaṃ ‘‘attā’’ti vadati. <span class="bld">Ittheke</span>ti itthaṃ eke evameketi attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para86"></a><a name="para86_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">86</span>. Dutiyo <a name="V1.0103"></a> taṃ paṭikkhipitvā dibbattabhāvaṃ vadati. <span class="bld">Dibbo</span>ti devaloke sambhūto. <span class="bld">Kāmāvacaro</span>ti cha kāmāvacaradevapariyāpanno. Kabaḷīkāraṃ āhāraṃ bhakkhatīti kabaḷīkārāhārabhakkho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para87"></a><a name="para87_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">87</span>. <span class="bld">Manomayo</span>ti jhānamanena nibbatto. <span class="bld">Sabbaṅgapaccaṅgī</span>ti sabbaṅgapaccaṅgayutto. <span class="bld">Ahīnindriyo</span>ti paripuṇṇindriyo. Yāni brahmaloke atthi, tesaṃ vasena itaresañca saṇṭhānavasenetaṃ vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para88-92"></a><a name="para88-92_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">88-92</span>. <span class="bld">Sabbaso rūpasaññānaṃ samatikkamā</span>tiādīnaṃ attho visuddhimagge vutto. <span class="bld">Ākāsānañcāyatanūpago</span>tiādīsu pana ākāsānañcāyatanabhavaṃ upagatoti, evamattho veditabbo. Sesamettha uttānamevāti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Diṭṭhadhammanibbānavādavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para93"></a><a name="para93_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">93</span>. Diṭṭhadhammanibbānavāde <a name="P1.0121"></a> <span class="bld">diṭṭhadhammo</span>ti paccakkhadhammo vuccati, tattha tattha paṭiladdhattabhāvassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Diṭṭhadhamme nibbānaṃ diṭṭhadhammanibbānaṃ, imasmiṃyeva attabhāve dukkhavūpasamananti attho. Taṃ vadantīti <span class="bld">diṭṭhadhammanibbānavādā. </span> Paramadiṭṭhadhammanibbānanti paramaṃ diṭṭhadhammanibbānaṃ uttamanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para94"></a><a name="para94_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">94</span>. <span class="bld">Pañcahi kāmaguṇehī</span>ti manāpiyarūpādīhi pañcahi kāmakoṭṭhāsehi bandhanehi vā. <span class="bld">Samappito</span>ti suṭṭhu appito allīno hutvā. <span class="bld">Samaṅgībhūto</span>ti samannāgato. <span class="bld">Paricāretī</span>ti tesu kāmaguṇesu yathāsukhaṃ indriyāni cāreti sañcāreti itocito ca upaneti. Atha vā laḷati ramati kīḷati. Ettha ca duvidhā kāmaguṇā – mānusakā ceva dibbā ca. Mānusakā mandhātukāmaguṇasadisā daṭṭhabbā, dibbā paranimmitavasavattidevarājassa kāmaguṇasadisāti. Evarūpe kāme upagatānañhi te diṭṭhadhammanibbānasampattiṃ paññapenti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para95"></a><a name="para95_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">95</span>. Dutiyavāre <a name="M1.0112"></a> hutvā abhāvaṭṭhena <span class="bld">aniccā</span> paṭipīḷanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">dukkhā,</span> pakatijahanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">vipariṇāmadhammā</span>ti veditabbā. <span class="bld">Tesaṃ vipariṇāmaññathābhāvā</span>ti tesaṃ kāmānaṃ vipariṇāmasaṅkhātā aññathābhāvā, yampi me ahosi, tampi me natthīti vuttanayena <span class="bld">uppajjanti sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā.</span> Tattha antonijjhāyanalakkhaṇo soko, tannissitalālappanalakkhaṇo <a name="V1.0104"></a> paridevo, kāyappaṭipīḷanalakkhaṇaṃ dukkhaṃ, manovighātalakkhaṇaṃ domanassaṃ, visādalakkhaṇo upāyāso, vivicceva kāmehītiādīnamattho visuddhimagge vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para96"></a><a name="para96_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">96</span>. <span class="bld">Vitakkita</span>nti abhiniropanavasena pavatto vitakko. <span class="bld">Vicārita</span>nti <a name="P1.0122"></a> anumajjanavasena pavatto vicāro. <span class="bld">Eteneta</span>nti etena vitakkitena ca vicāritena ca etaṃ paṭhamajjhānaṃ oḷārikaṃ sakaṇḍakaṃ viya khāyati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para97-98"></a><a name="para97-98_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">97-98</span>. <span class="bld">Pītigata</span>nti pītiyeva. <span class="bld">Cetaso uppilāvitatta</span>nti cittassa uppilabhāvakaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Cetaso ābhogo</span>ti jhānā vuṭṭhāya tasmiṃ sukhe punappunaṃ cittassa ābhogo manasikāro samannāhāroti. Sesamettha diṭṭhadhammanibbānavāde uttānameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettāvatā sabbāpi dvāsaṭṭhidiṭṭhiyo kathitā honti. Yāsaṃ satteva ucchedadiṭṭhiyo, sesā sassatadiṭṭhiyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para100-104"></a><a name="para100-104_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">100-104</span>. Idāni – ‘‘imehi kho te, bhikkhave’’ti iminā vārena sabbepi te aparantakappike ekajjhaṃ niyyātetvā sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ vissajjeti. Puna – ‘‘imehi, kho te bhikkhave’’tiādinā vārena sabbepi te pubbantāparantakappike ekajjhaṃ niyyātetvā tadeva ñāṇaṃ vissajjeti. Iti ‘‘katame ca te, bhikkhave, dhammā’’tiādimhi pucchamānopi sabbaññutaññāṇameva pucchitvā vissajjamānopi sattānaṃ ajjhāsayaṃ tulāya tulayanto viya sinerupādato vālukaṃ uddharanto viya dvāsaṭṭhi diṭṭhigatāni uddharitvā sabbaññutaññāṇameva vissajjeti. Evamayaṃ yathānusandhivasena desanā āgatā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tayo hi suttassa anusandhī – pucchānusandhi, ajjhāsayānusandhi, yathānusandhīti. Tattha ‘‘evaṃ vutte aññataro bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – kiṃ nu <a name="M1.0113"></a> kho, bhante, orimaṃ tīraṃ, kiṃ pārimaṃ tīraṃ, ko majjhe saṃsīdo, ko thale ussādo, ko manussaggāho, ko amanussaggāho, ko āvaṭṭaggāho, ko antopūtibhāvo’’ti (saṃ. ni. 4.241) evaṃ pucchantānaṃ bhagavatā vissajjitasuttavasena pucchānusandhi veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha kho aññatarassa bhikkhuno evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi – ‘‘iti kira bho rūpaṃ anattā…, vedanā…, saññā…, saṅkhārā <a name="P1.0123"></a>…, viññāṇaṃ anattā, anattakatāni kira kammāni <a name="V1.0105"></a> kamattānaṃ phusissantī’’ti. Atha kho bhagavā tassa bhikkhuno cetasā ceto parivitakkamaññāya bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ, bhikkhave, vijjati, yaṃ idhekacco moghapuriso avidvā avijjāgato taṇhādhipateyyena cetasā satthusāsanaṃ atidhāvitabbaṃ maññeyya – ‘‘iti kira bho rūpaṃ anattā…pe… phusissantī’’ti. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, rūpaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti (ma. ni. 3.10). Evaṃ paresaṃ ajjhāsayaṃ viditvā bhagavatā vuttasuttavasena ajjhāsayānusandhi veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yena pana dhammena ādimhi desanā uṭṭhitā, tassa dhammassa anurūpadhammavasena vā paṭipakkhavasena vā yesu suttesu upari desanā āgacchati, tesaṃ vasena yathānusandhi veditabbo. Seyyathidaṃ, ākaṅkheyyasutte heṭṭhā sīlena desanā uṭṭhitā, upari cha abhiññā āgatā. Vatthasutte heṭṭhā kilesena desanā uṭṭhitā, upari brahmavihārā āgatā. Kosambakasutte heṭṭhā bhaṇḍanena uṭṭhitā, upari sāraṇīyadhammā āgatā. Kakacūpame heṭṭhā akkhantiyā uṭṭhitā, upari kakacūpamā āgatā. Imasmimpi brahmajāle heṭṭhā diṭṭhivasena desanā uṭṭhitā, upari suññatāpakāsanaṃ āgataṃ. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘evamayaṃ yathānusandhivasena desanā āgatā’’ti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Paritassitavipphanditavāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para105-117"></a><a name="para105-117_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">105-117</span>. Idāni mariyādavibhāgadassanatthaṃ – ‘‘tatra bhikkhave’’tiādikā desanā āraddhā. <span class="bld">Tadapi tesaṃ bhavataṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ ajānataṃ apassataṃ vedayitaṃ taṇhāgatānaṃ paritassitavipphanditamevā</span>ti yena diṭṭhiassādena <a name="M1.0114"></a> diṭṭhisukhena diṭṭhivedayitena te somanassajātā sassataṃ attānañca lokañca paññapenti catūhi vatthūhi, tadapi tesaṃ bhavantānaṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ yathābhūtaṃ dhammānaṃ sabhāvaṃ ajānantānaṃ apassantānaṃ vedayitaṃ taṇhāgatānaṃ kevalaṃ taṇhāgatānaṃyeva taṃ <a name="P1.0124"></a> vedayitaṃ, tañca kho panetaṃ paritassitavipphanditameva. Diṭṭhisaṅkhātena ceva taṇhāsaṅkhātena ca paritassitena vipphanditameva calitameva kampitameva thusarāsimhi nikhātakhāṇusadisaṃ, na sotāpannassa dassanamiva niccalanti dasseti. Esa nayo ekaccasassatavādādīsupi.</p>
<p class="subhead">Phassapaccayavāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para118-130"></a><a name="para118-130_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">118-130</span>. Puna – ‘‘tatra, bhikkhave, ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā sassatavādā’’tiādi paramparapaccayadassanatthaṃ āraddhaṃ<a name="V1.0106"></a>. Tattha <span class="bld">tadapi phassapaccayā</span>ti yena diṭṭhiassādena diṭṭhisukhena diṭṭhivedayitena te somanassajātā sassataṃ attānañca lokañca paññapenti catūhi vatthūhi, tadapi taṇhādiṭṭhipariphanditaṃ vedayitaṃ phassapaccayāti dasseti. Esa nayo sabbattha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para131-143"></a><a name="para131-143_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">131-143</span>. Idāni tassa paccayassa diṭṭhivedayite balavabhāvadassanatthaṃ puna – ‘‘tatra, bhikkhave, ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā sassatavādā’’tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">te vata aññatra phassā</span>ti te vata samaṇabrāhmaṇā taṃ vedayitaṃ vinā phassena paṭisaṃvedissantīti kāraṇametaṃ natthīti. Yathā hi patato gehassa upatthambhanatthāya thūṇā nāma balavapaccayo hoti, na taṃ thūṇāya anupatthambhitaṃ ṭhātuṃ sakkoti, evameva phassopi vedanāya balavapaccayo, taṃ vinā idaṃ diṭṭhivedayitaṃ natthīti dasseti. Esa nayo sabbattha.</p>
<p class="subhead">Diṭṭhigatikādhiṭṭhānavaṭṭakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para144"></a><a name="para144_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">144</span>. Idāni tatra bhikkhave, ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā sassatavādā sassataṃ attānañca lokañca paññapenti catūhi vatthūhi, yepi te samaṇabrāhmaṇā ekaccasassatikātiādinā nayena sabbadiṭṭhivedayitāni sampiṇḍeti. Kasmā? Upari phasse pakkhipanatthāya. Kathaṃ? Sabbe te chahi phassāyatanehi phussa phussa paṭisaṃvedentīti. Tattha cha phassāyatanāni nāma – cakkhuphassāyatanaṃ, sotaphassāyatanaṃ, ghānaphassāyatanaṃ, jivhāphassāyatanaṃ, kāyaphassāyatanaṃ, manophassāyatananti imāni cha. Sañjāti-samosaraṇa-kāraṇa-paṇṇattimattatthesu hi ayaṃ <a name="M1.0115"></a> āyatanasaddo pavattati. Tattha – ‘‘kambojo assānaṃ āyatanaṃ, gunnaṃ dakkhiṇāpatho’’ti <a name="P1.0125"></a> sañjātiyaṃ pavattati, sañjātiṭṭhāneti attho. ‘‘Manorame āyatane, sevanti naṃ vihaṅgamā’’ti (a. ni. 5.38) samosaraṇe. ‘‘Sati satiāyatane’’ti (a. ni. 3.102) kāraṇe. ‘‘Araññāyatane paṇṇakuṭīsu sammantī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 1.255) paṇṇattimatte. Svāyamidha sañjātiādiatthattayepi yujjati. Cakkhādīsu hi phassapañcamakā dhammā sañjāyanti samosaranti, tāni ca tesaṃ kāraṇanti āyatanāni. Idha pana ‘‘cakkhuñca paṭicca rūpe ca uppajjati cakkhuviññāṇaṃ, tiṇṇaṃ saṅgati phasso’’ti (saṃ. ni. 2.43) iminā nayena phassasīseneva desanaṃ āropetvā phassaṃ ādiṃ katvā paccayaparamparaṃ dassetuṃ phassāyatanādīni vuttāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Phussa phussa paṭisaṃvedentī</span>ti phusitvā phusitvā paṭisaṃvedenti. Ettha ca kiñcāpi āyatanānaṃ <a name="V1.0107"></a> phusanakiccaṃ viya vuttaṃ, tathāpi na tesaṃ phusanakiccatā veditabbā. Na hi āyatanāni phusanti, phassova taṃ taṃ ārammaṇaṃ phusati, āyatanāni pana phasse upanikkhipitvā dassitāni; tasmā sabbe te cha phassāyatanasambhavena phassena rūpādīni ārammaṇāni phusitvā taṃ diṭṭhivedanaṃ paṭisaṃvedayantīti evamettha attho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tesaṃ vedanāpaccayā taṇhā</span>tiādīsu <span class="bld">vedanā</span>ti cha phassāyatanasambhavā vedanā. Sā rūpataṇhādibhedāya taṇhāya upanissayakoṭiyā paccayo hoti. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘tesaṃ vedanāpaccayā taṇhā’’ti. Sā pana catubbidhassa upādānassa upanissayakoṭiyā ceva sahajātakoṭiyā ca paccayo hoti. Tathā upādānaṃ bhavassa. Bhavo jātiyā upanissayakoṭiyā paccayo hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Jātī</span>ti panettha savikārā pañcakkhandhā daṭṭhabbā, jāti jarāmaraṇassa ceva sokādīnañca upanissayakoṭiyā paccayo hoti. Ayamettha saṅkhepo, vitthārato pana paṭiccasamuppādakathā visuddhimagge vuttā. Idha panassa payojanamattameva veditabbaṃ. Bhagavā <a name="P1.0126"></a> hi vaṭṭakathaṃ kathento – ‘‘purimā, bhikkhave, koṭi na paññāyati avijjāya, ‘ito pubbe avijjā nāhosi, atha pacchā samabhavī’ti evañcetaṃ, bhikkhave, vuccati, atha ca pana paññāyati ‘‘idappaccayā avijjā’’ti (a. ni. 10.61) evaṃ avijjāsīsena vā, purimā, bhikkhave, koṭi <a name="M1.0116"></a> na paññāyati bhavataṇhāya…pe… ‘‘idappaccayā bhavataṇhā’’ti (a. ni. 10.62) evaṃ taṇhāsīsena vā, purimā, bhikkhave, koṭi na paññāyati bhavadiṭṭhiyā…pe… ‘‘idappaccayā bhavadiṭṭhī’’ti evaṃ diṭṭhisīsena vā kathesi’’. Idha pana diṭṭhisīsena kathento vedanārāgena uppajjamānā diṭṭhiyo kathetvā vedanāmūlakaṃ paṭiccasamuppādaṃ kathesi. Tena idaṃ dasseti – ‘‘evamete diṭṭhigatikā, idaṃ dassanaṃ gahetvā tīsu bhavesu catūsu yonīsu pañcasu gatīsu sattasu viññāṇaṭṭhitīsu navasu sattāvāsesu ito ettha etto idhāti sandhāvantā saṃsarantā yante yuttagoṇo viya, thambhe upanibaddhakukkuro viya, vātena vippannaṭṭhanāvā viya ca vaṭṭadukkhameva anuparivattanti, vaṭṭadukkhato sīsaṃ ukkhipituṃ na sakkontī’’ti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Vivaṭṭakathādivaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para145"></a><a name="para145_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">145</span>. Evaṃ diṭṭhigatikādhiṭṭhānaṃ vaṭṭaṃ kathetvā idāni yuttayogabhikkhuadhiṭṭhānaṃ katvā vivaṭṭaṃ dassento – ‘‘yato kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhū’’tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">yato</span>ti yadā. <span class="bld">Channaṃ phassāyatanāna</span>nti <a name="V1.0108"></a> yehi chahi phassāyatanehi phusitvā paṭisaṃvedayamānānaṃ diṭṭhigatikānaṃ vaṭṭaṃ vattati, tesaṃyeva channaṃ phassāyatanānaṃ. <span class="bld">Samudaya</span>ntiādīsu avijjāsamudayā cakkhusamudayotiādinā vedanākammaṭṭhāne vuttanayena phassāyatanānaṃ samudayādayo veditabbā. Yathā pana tattha ‘‘phassasamudayā phassanirodhā’’ti vuttaṃ, evamidha, taṃ cakkhādīsu – ‘‘āhārasamudayā āhāranirodhā’’ti veditabbaṃ. Manāyatane ‘‘nāmarūpasamudayā nāmarūpanirodhā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uttaritaraṃ pajānātī</span>ti diṭṭhigatiko diṭṭhimeva jānāti. Ayaṃ pana diṭṭhiñca diṭṭhito ca uttaritaraṃ sīlasamādhipaññāvimuttinti <a name="P1.0127"></a> yāva arahattā jānāti. Ko evaṃ jānātīti? Khīṇāsavo jānāti, anāgāmī, sakadāgāmī, sotāpanno, bahussuto, ganthadharo bhikkhu jānāti, āraddhavipassako jānāti. Desanā pana arahattanikūṭeneva niṭṭhāpitāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para146"></a><a name="para146_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">146</span>. Evaṃ <a name="M1.0117"></a> vivaṭṭaṃ kathetvā idāni ‘‘desanājālavimutto diṭṭhigatiko nāma natthī’’ti dassanatthaṃ puna – ‘‘ye hi keci, bhikkhave’’ti ārabhi. Tattha <span class="bld">antojālīkatā</span>ti imassa mayhaṃ desanājālassa antoyeva katā. <span class="bld">Ettha sitā vā</span>ti etasmiṃ mama desanājāle sitā nissitā avasitāva. <span class="bld">Ummujjamānā ummujjantī</span>ti kiṃ vuttaṃ hoti? Te adho osīdantāpi uddhaṃ uggacchantāpi mama desanājāle sitāva hutvā osīdanti ca uggacchanti ca. <span class="bld">Ettha pariyāpannā</span>ti ettha mayhaṃ desanājāle pariyāpannā, etena ābaddhā antojālīkatā ca hutvā ummujjamānā ummujjanti, na hettha asaṅgahito diṭṭhigatiko nāma atthīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sukhumacchikenā</span>ti saṇhaacchikena sukhumacchiddenāti attho. Kevaṭṭo viya hi bhagavā, jālaṃ viya desanā, parittaudakaṃ viya dasasahassilokadhātu, oḷārikā pāṇā viya dvāsaṭṭhidiṭṭhigatikā. Tassa tīre ṭhatvā olokentassa oḷārikānaṃ pāṇānaṃ antojālīkatabhāvadassanaṃ viya bhagavato sabbadiṭṭhigatānaṃ desanājālassa antokatabhāvadassananti evamettha opammasaṃsandanaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para147"></a><a name="para147_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">147</span>. Evaṃ imāhi dvāsaṭṭhiyā diṭṭhīhi sabbadiṭṭhīnaṃ saṅgahitattā sabbesaṃ diṭṭhigatikānaṃ etasmiṃ desanājāle pariyāpannabhāvaṃ dassetvā idāni attano katthaci apariyāpannabhāvaṃ dassento – ‘‘ucchinnabhavanettiko, bhikkhave, tathāgatassa kāyo’’tiādimāha. Tattha nayanti etāyāti netti. <span class="bld">Nayantī</span>ti gīvāya bandhitvā ākaḍḍhanti, rajjuyā etaṃ nāmaṃ. Idha pana nettisadisatāya <a name="P1.0128"></a><a name="V1.0109"></a> bhavataṇhā nettīti adhippetā. Sā hi mahājanaṃ gīvāya bandhitvā taṃ taṃ bhavaṃ neti upanetīti bhavanetti. Arahattamaggasatthena ucchinnā bhavanetti assāti <span class="bld">ucchinnabhavanettiko. </span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāyassa bhedā uddha</span>nti kāyassa bhedato uddhaṃ. <span class="bld">Jīvitapariyādānā</span>ti jīvitassa sabbaso pariyādinnattā parikkhīṇattā, puna appaṭisandhikabhāvāti attho. <span class="bld">Na taṃ dakkhantī</span>ti taṃ tathāgataṃ. Devā vā manussā vā na dakkhissanti, apaṇṇattikabhāvaṃ gamissatīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Seyyathāpi</span><a name="M1.0118"></a>, <span class="bld">bhikkhave</span>ti, upamāyaṃ pana idaṃ saṃsandanaṃ. Ambarukkho viya hi tathāgatassa kāyo, rukkhe jātamahāvaṇṭo viya taṃ nissāya pubbe pavattataṇhā. Tasmiṃ vaṇṭe upanibaddhā pañcapakkadvādasapakkaaṭṭhārasapakkaparimāṇā ambapiṇḍī viya taṇhāya sati taṇhūpanibandhanā hutvā āyatiṃ nibbattanakā pañcakkhandhā dvādasāyatanāni aṭṭhārasa dhātuyo. Yathā pana tasmiṃ vaṇṭe chinne sabbāni tāni ambāni tadanvayāni honti, taṃyeva vaṇṭaṃ anugatāni, vaṇṭacchedā chinnāni yevāti attho; evameva ye bhavanettivaṇṭassa anupacchinnattā āyatiṃ uppajjeyyuṃ pañcakkhandhā dvādasāyatanāni aṭṭhārasadhātuyo, sabbe te dhammā tadanvayā honti bhavanettiṃ anugatā, tāya chinnāya chinnā yevāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā pana tasmimpi rukkhe maṇḍūkakaṇṭakavisasamphassaṃ āgamma anupubbena sussitvā mate – ‘‘imasmiṃ ṭhāne evarūpo nāma rukkho ahosī’’ti vohāramattameva hoti, na taṃ rukkhaṃ koci passati, evaṃ ariyamaggasamphassaṃ āgamma taṇhāsinehassa pariyādinnattā anupubbena sussitvā viya bhinne imasmiṃ kāye, kāyassa bhedā uddhaṃ jīvitapariyādānā na taṃ dakkhanti, tathāgatampi devamanussā na dakkhissanti, evarūpassa nāma kira satthuno idaṃ sāsananti vohāramattameva bhavissatīti anupādisesanibbānadhātuṃ pāpetvā desanaṃ niṭṭhapesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para148"></a><a name="para148_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">148</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="P1.0129"></a> <span class="bld">vutte āyasmā ānando</span>ti evaṃ bhagavatā imasmiṃ sutte vutte thero ādito paṭṭhāya sabbaṃ suttaṃ samannāharitvā evaṃ buddhabalaṃ dīpetvā kathitasuttassa na bhagavatā nāmaṃ gahitaṃ, handassa nāmaṃ gaṇhāpessāmīti cintetvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tasmātiha tva</span>ntiādīsu ayamatthayojanā – ānanda, yasmā imasmiṃ dhammapariyāye idhatthopi paratthopi vibhatto, tasmātiha tvaṃ imaṃ dhammapariyāyaṃ ‘‘atthajāla’’ntipi naṃ dhārehi; yasmā panettha bahū tantidhammā kathitā, tasmā ‘‘dhammajāla’’ntipi naṃ dhārehi; yasmā ca ettha seṭṭhaṭṭhena <a name="V1.0110"></a> brahmaṃ sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ vibhattaṃ, tasmā ‘‘brahmajāla’’ntipi naṃ dhārehi; yasmā ettha dvāsaṭṭhidiṭṭhiyo vibhattā, tasmā ‘‘diṭṭhijāla’’ntipi naṃ dhārehi; yasmā pana imaṃ dhammapariyāyaṃ sutvā devaputtamārampi khandhamārampi maccumārampi kilesamārampi <a name="M1.0119"></a> sakkā maddituṃ, tasmā ‘‘anuttaro saṅgāmavijayotipi naṃ dhārehī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Idamavoca bhagavā</span>ti idaṃ nidānāvasānato pabhuti yāva ‘‘anuttaro saṅgāmavijayotipi naṃ dhārehī’’ti sakalaṃ suttantaṃ bhagavā paresaṃ paññāya alabbhaneyyapatiṭṭhaṃ paramagambhīraṃ sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ pakāsento sūriyo viya andhakāraṃ diṭṭhigatamahandhakāraṃ vidhamanto avoca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para149"></a><a name="para149_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">149</span>. <span class="bld">Attamanā te bhikkhū</span>ti te bhikkhū attamanā sakamanā, buddhagatāya pītiyā udaggacittā hutvāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Bhagavato bhāsita</span>nti evaṃ vicitranayadesanāvilāsayuttaṃ idaṃ suttaṃ karavīkarutamañjunā kaṇṇasukhena paṇḍitajanahadayānaṃ amatābhisekasadisena brahmassarena bhāsamānassa bhagavato vacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Abhinandu</span>nti anumodiṃsu ceva sampaṭicchiṃsu ca. Ayañhi <span class="bld">abhinanda</span>saddo – ‘‘abhinandati abhivadatī’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 3.5) taṇhāyampi āgato. ‘‘Annamevābhinandanti, ubhaye devamānusā’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 1.43) upagamanepi.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Cirappavāsiṃ <a name="P1.0130"></a> purisaṃ, dūrato sotthimāgataṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Ñātimittā suhajjā ca, abhinandanti āgata’’nti. (dha. pa. 219);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ādīsu sampaṭicchanepi. ‘‘Abhinanditvā anumoditvā’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.205) anumodanepi. Svāyamidha anumodanasampaṭicchanesu yujjati. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘abhinandunti anumodiṃsu ceva sampaṭicchiṃsu cā’’ti.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Subhāsitaṃ sulapitaṃ, ‘‘sādhu sādhū’’ti tādino;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Anumodamānā sirasā, sampaṭicchiṃsu bhikkhavoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Imasmiñca pana veyyākaraṇasmi</span>nti imasmiṃ niggāthakasutte. Niggāthakattā hi idaṃ veyyākaraṇanti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dasasahassī</span> <a name="V1.0111"></a> <span class="bld">lokadhātū</span>ti dasasahassacakkavāḷaparimāṇā lokadhātu. <span class="bld">Akampitthā</span>ti na suttapariyosāneyeva akampitthāti veditabbā. Bhaññamāneti hi vuttaṃ. Tasmā dvāsaṭṭhiyā diṭṭhigatesu viniveṭhetvā desiyamānesu <a name="M1.0120"></a> tassa tassa diṭṭhigatassa pariyosāne pariyosāneti dvāsaṭṭhiyā ṭhānesu akampitthāti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha aṭṭhahi kāraṇehi pathavīkampo veditabbo – dhātukkhobhena, iddhimato ānubhāvena, bodhisattassa gabbhokkantiyā, mātukucchito nikkhamanena, sambodhippattiyā, dhammacakkappavattanena, āyusaṅkhārossajjanena, parinibbānenāti. Tesaṃ vinicchayaṃ – ‘‘aṭṭha kho ime, ānanda, hetū aṭṭha paccayā mahato bhūmicālassa pātubhāvāyā’’ti evaṃ mahāparinibbāne āgatāya tantiyā vaṇṇanākāle vakkhāma. Ayaṃ pana mahāpathavī aparesupi aṭṭhasu ṭhānesu akampittha – mahābhinikkhamane, bodhimaṇḍūpasaṅkamane, paṃsukūlaggahaṇe, paṃsukūladhovane, kāḷakārāmasutte, gotamakasutte, vessantarajātake, imasmiṃ brahmajāleti. Tattha mahābhinikkhamanabodhimaṇḍūpasaṅkamanesu vīriyabalena akampittha. Paṃsukūlaggahaṇe <a name="P1.0131"></a> dvisahassadīpaparivāre cattāro mahādīpe pahāya pabbajitvā susānaṃ gantvā paṃsukūlaṃ gaṇhantena dukkaraṃ bhagavatā katanti acchariyavegābhihatā akampittha. Paṃsukūladhovanavessantarajātakesu akālakampanena akampittha. Kāḷakārāmagotamakasuttesu – ‘‘ahaṃ sakkhī bhagavā’’ti sakkhibhāvena akampittha. Imasmiṃ pana brahmajāle dvāsaṭṭhiyā diṭṭhigatesu vijaṭetvā niggumbaṃ katvā desiyamānesu sādhukāradānavasena akampitthāti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Na kevalañca etesu ṭhānesuyeva pathavī akampittha, atha kho tīsu saṅgahesupi mahāmahindattherassa imaṃ dīpaṃ āgantvā jotivane nisīditvā dhammaṃ desitadivasepi akampittha. Kalyāṇiyavihāre ca piṇḍapātiyattherassa cetiyaṅgaṇaṃ sammajjitvā tattheva nisīditvā buddhārammaṇaṃ pītiṃ gahetvā imaṃ suttantaṃ āraddhassa suttapariyosāne udakapariyantaṃ katvā akampittha. Lohapāsādassa pācīnaambalaṭṭhikaṭṭhānaṃ nāma ahosi. Tattha nisīditvā dīghabhāṇakattherā brahmajālasuttaṃ ārabhiṃsu, tesaṃ sajjhāyapariyosānepi udakapariyantameva katvā pathavī akampitthāti.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Evaṃ <a name="M1.0121"></a> yassānubhāvena, akampittha anekaso;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Medanī suttaseṭṭhassa, desitassa sayambhunā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Brahmajālassa <a name="V1.0112"></a> tassīdha, dhammaṃ atthañca paṇḍitā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sakkaccaṃ uggahetvāna, paṭipajjantu yonisoti.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti sumaṅgalavilāsiniyā dīghanikāyaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</p>
<p class="centered">Brahmajālasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter"><a name="dn1_2"></a>2. Sāmaññaphalasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">Rājāmaccakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para150"></a><a name="para150_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">150</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="P1.0132"></a><a name="V1.0113"></a><a name="M1.0122"></a> <span class="bld">me sutaṃ…pe… rājagahe</span>ti sāmaññaphalasuttaṃ. Tatrāyaṃ apubbapadavaṇṇanā – <span class="bld">rājagahe</span>ti evaṃnāmake nagare. Tañhi mandhātumahāgovindādīhi pariggahitattā rājagahanti vuccati. Aññepi ettha pakāre vaṇṇayanti, kiṃ tehi? Nāmamattametaṃ tassa nagarassa. Taṃ panetaṃ buddhakāle ca cakkavattikāle ca nagaraṃ hoti, sesakāle suññaṃ hoti yakkhapariggahitaṃ, tesaṃ vasanavanaṃ hutvā tiṭṭhati. <span class="bld">Viharatī</span>ti avisesena iriyāpathadibbabrahmaariyavihāresu aññataravihārasamaṅgiparidīpanametaṃ. Idha pana ṭhānagamananisajjasayanappabhedesu iriyāpathesu aññatarairiyāpathasamāyogaparidīpanaṃ. Tena ṭhitopi gacchantopi nisinnopi sayānopi bhagavā viharati ceva veditabbo. So hi ekaṃ iriyāpathabādhanaṃ aññena iriyāpathena vicchinditvā aparipatantaṃ attabhāvaṃ harati pavatteti, tasmā viharatīti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Jīvakassa komārabhaccassa ambavane</span>ti idamassa yaṃ gocaragāmaṃ upanissāya viharati, tassa samīpanivāsanaṭṭhānaparidīpanaṃ. Tasmā – rājagahe viharati jīvakassa komārabhaccassa ambavaneti rājagahasamīpe jīvakassa komārabhaccassa ambavane viharatīti evamettha attho veditabbo. Samīpatthe hetaṃ bhummavacanaṃ. Tattha <a name="P1.0133"></a> jīvatīti <span class="bld">jīvako,</span> kumārena bhatoti <span class="bld">komārabhacco.</span> Yathāha – ‘‘kiṃ bhaṇe, etaṃ kākehi samparikiṇṇanti? Dārako devāti. Jīvati bhaṇeti? Jīvati, devāti. Tena hi, bhaṇe taṃ dārakaṃ amhākaṃ antepuraṃ netvā dhātīnaṃ detha posetunti. Tassa jīvatīti jīvakoti nāmaṃ akaṃsu. Kumārena posāpitoti komārabhaccoti nāmaṃ akaṃsū’’ti (mahāva. 328) ayaṃ panettha saṅkhepo. Vitthārena pana jīvakavatthukhandhake āgatameva. Vinicchayakathāpissa samantapāsādikāya vinayaṭṭhakathāyaṃ vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ayaṃ <a name="V1.0114"></a><a name="M1.0123"></a> pana jīvako ekasmiṃ samaye bhagavato dosābhisannaṃ kāyaṃ virecetvā siveyyakaṃ dussayugaṃ datvā vatthānumodanāpariyosāne sotāpattiphale patiṭṭhāya cintesi – ‘‘mayā divasassa dvattikkhattuṃ buddhupaṭṭhānaṃ gantabbaṃ, idañca veḷuvanaṃ atidūre, mayhaṃ pana ambavanaṃ uyyānaṃ āsannataraṃ, yaṃnūnāhaṃ ettha bhagavato vihāraṃ kāreyya’’nti. So tasmiṃ ambavane rattiṭṭhānadivāṭhānaleṇakuṭimaṇḍapādīni sampādetvā bhagavato anucchavikaṃ gandhakuṭiṃ kārāpetvā ambavanaṃ aṭṭhārasahatthubbedhena tambapaṭṭavaṇṇena pākārena parikkhipāpetvā buddhappamukhaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ sacīvarabhattena santappetvā dakkhiṇodakaṃ pātetvā vihāraṃ niyyātesi. Taṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ – ‘‘jīvakassa komārabhaccassa ambavane’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aḍḍhateḷasehi bhikkhusatehī</span>ti aḍḍhasatena ūnehi terasahi bhikkhusatehi. <span class="bld">Rājā</span>tiādīsu rājati attano issariyasampattiyā catūhi saṅgahavatthūhi mahājanaṃ rañjeti vaḍḍhetīti <span class="bld">rājā.</span> Magadhānaṃ issaroti <span class="bld">māgadho.</span> Ajātoyeva rañño sattu bhavissatīti nemittakehi niddiṭṭhoti <span class="bld">ajātasattu.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext">Tasmiṃ kira kucchigate deviyā evarūpo dohaḷo uppajji – ‘‘aho <a name="P1.0134"></a> vatāhaṃ rañño dakkhiṇabāhulohitaṃ piveyya’’nti, sā ‘‘bhāriye ṭhāne dohaḷo uppanno, na sakkā kassaci ārocetu’’nti taṃ kathetuṃ asakkontī kisā dubbaṇṇā ahosi. Taṃ rājā pucchi – ‘‘bhadde, tuyhaṃ attabhāvo na pakativaṇṇo, kiṃ kāraṇa’’nti? ‘‘Mā puccha, mahārājāti’’. ‘‘Bhadde, tvaṃ attano ajjhāsayaṃ mayhaṃ akathentī kassa kathessasī’’ti tathā tathā nibandhitvā kathāpesi. Sutvā ca – ‘‘bāle, kiṃ ettha tuyhaṃ bhāriyasaññā ahosī’’ti vejjaṃ pakkosāpetvā suvaṇṇasatthakena bāhuṃ phālāpetvā suvaṇṇasarakena lohitaṃ gahetvā udakena sambhinditvā pāyesi. Nemittakā taṃ sutvā – ‘‘esa gabbho rañño sattu bhavissati, iminā rājā haññissatī’’ti byākariṃsu. Devī sutvā – ‘‘mayhaṃ kira kucchito nikkhanto rājānaṃ māressatī’’ti gabbhaṃ pātetukāmā uyyānaṃ gantvā kucchiṃ maddāpesi, gabbho na patati. Sā punappunaṃ gantvā tatheva kāresi. Rājā kimatthaṃ ayaṃ <a name="M1.0124"></a> abhiṇhaṃ uyyānaṃ gacchatīti parivīmaṃsanto taṃ kāraṇaṃ sutvā – ‘‘bhadde, tava kucchiyaṃ puttoti vā dhītāti vā na paññāyati, attano nibbattadārakaṃ evamakāsīti mahā aguṇarāsipi no jambudīpatale āvibhavissati, mā tvaṃ evaṃ karohī’’ti nivāretvā ārakkhaṃ adāsi. Sā gabbhavuṭṭhānakāle ‘‘māressāmī’’ti cintesi. Tadāpi ārakkhamanussā dārakaṃ apanayiṃsu. Athāparena samayena vuḍḍhippattaṃ <a name="V1.0115"></a> kumāraṃ deviyā dassesuṃ. Sā taṃ disvāva puttasinehaṃ uppādesi, tena naṃ māretuṃ nāsakkhi. Rājāpi anukkamena puttassa oparajjamadāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Athekasmiṃ <a name="P1.0135"></a> samaye devadatto rahogato cintesi – ‘‘sāriputtassa parisā mahāmoggallānassa parisā mahākassapassa parisāti, evamime visuṃ visuṃ dhurā, ahampi ekaṃ dhuraṃ nīharāmī’’ti. So ‘‘na sakkā vinā lābhena parisaṃ uppādetuṃ, handāhaṃ lābhaṃ nibbattemī’’ti cintetvā khandhake āgatanayena ajātasattuṃ kumāraṃ iddhipāṭihāriyena pasādetvā sāyaṃ pātaṃ pañcahi rathasatehi upaṭṭhānaṃ āgacchantaṃ ativissatthaṃ ñatvā ekadivasaṃ upasaṅkamitvā etadavoca – ‘‘pubbe kho, kumāra, manussā dīghāyukā, etarahi appāyukā, tena hi tvaṃ kumāra, pitaraṃ hantvā rājā hohi, ahaṃ bhagavantaṃ hantvā buddho bhavissāmī’’ti kumāraṃ pituvadhe uyyojeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">So – ‘‘ayyo devadatto mahānubhāvo, etassa aviditaṃ nāma natthī’’ti ūruyā potthaniyaṃ bandhitvā divā divassa bhīto ubbiggo ussaṅkī utrasto antepuraṃ pavisitvā vuttappakāraṃ vippakāraṃ akāsi. Atha naṃ amaccā gahetvā anuyuñjitvā – ‘‘kumāro ca hantabbo, devadatto ca, sabbe ca bhikkhū hantabbā’’ti sammantayitvā rañño āṇāvasena karissāmāti rañño ārocesuṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Rājā ye amaccā māretukāmā ahesuṃ, tesaṃ ṭhānantarāni acchinditvā, ye na māretukāmā, te uccesu ṭhānesu ṭhapetvā kumāraṃ pucchi – ‘‘kissa pana tvaṃ, kumāra, maṃ māretukāmosī’’ti? ‘‘Rajjenamhi, deva, atthiko’’ti. Rājā tassa rajjaṃ adāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">So <a name="M1.0125"></a> mayhaṃ manoratho nipphannoti devadattassa ārocesi. Tato naṃ so āha – ‘‘tvaṃ siṅgālaṃ antokatvā bheripariyonaddhapuriso <a name="P1.0136"></a> viya sukiccakārimhīti maññasi, katipāheneva te pitā tayā kataṃ avamānaṃ cintetvā sayameva rājā bhavissatī’’ti. Atha, bhante, kiṃ karomīti? Mūlaghaccaṃ ghātehīti. Nanu, bhante, mayhaṃ pitā na satthavajjhoti? Āhārupacchedena naṃ mārehīti. So pitaraṃ tāpanagehe pakkhipāpesi, tāpanagehaṃ nāma kammakaraṇatthāya kataṃ dhūmagharaṃ. ‘‘Mama mātaraṃ ṭhapetvā aññassa daṭṭhuṃ mā dethā’’ti āha. Devī suvaṇṇasarake bhattaṃ pakkhipitvā ucchaṅgenādāya pavisati. Rājā taṃ bhuñjitvā yāpeti. So – ‘‘mayhaṃ pitā kathaṃ yāpetī’’ti pucchitvā taṃ pavattiṃ sutvā – ‘‘mayhaṃ mātu ucchaṅgaṃ katvā <a name="V1.0116"></a> pavisituṃ mā dethā’’ti āha. Tato paṭṭhāya devī moḷiyaṃ pakkhipitvā pavisati. Tampi sutvā ‘‘moḷiṃ bandhitvā pavisituṃ mā dethā’’ti. Tato suvaṇṇapādukāsu bhattaṃ ṭhapetvā pidahitvā pādukā āruyha pavisati. Rājā tena yāpeti. Puna ‘‘kathaṃ yāpetī’’ti pucchitvā tamatthaṃ sutvā ‘‘pādukā āruyha pavisitumpi mā dethā’’ti āha. Tato paṭṭhāya devī gandhodakena nhāyitvā sarīraṃ catumadhurena makkhetvā pārupitvā pavisati. Rājā tassā sarīraṃ lehitvā yāpeti. Puna pucchitvā taṃ pavattiṃ sutvā ‘‘ito paṭṭhāya mayhaṃ mātu pavesanaṃ nivārethā’’ti āha. Devī dvāramūle ṭhatvā ‘‘sāmi, bimbisāra, etaṃ daharakāle māretuṃ na adāsi, attano sattuṃ attanāva posesi, idaṃ pana dāni te pacchimadassanaṃ, nāhaṃ ito paṭṭhāya tumhe passituṃ labhāmi, sace mayhaṃ doso atthi, khamatha devā’’ti roditvā kanditvā nivatti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tato <a name="P1.0137"></a> paṭṭhāya rañño āhāro natthi. Rājā maggaphalasukhena caṅkamena yāpeti. Ativiya assa attabhāvo virocati. So – ‘‘kathaṃ, me bhaṇe, pitā yāpetī’’ti pucchitvā ‘‘caṅkamena, deva, yāpeti; ativiya cassa attabhāvo virocatī’’ti sutvā ‘caṅkamaṃ dānissa hāressāmī’ti cintetvā – ‘‘mayhaṃ pitu pāde khurena phāletvā loṇatelena makkhetvā khadiraṅgārehi vītaccitehi pacathā’’ti nhāpite pesesi. Rājā te disvā – ‘‘nūna mayhaṃ putto kenaci saññatto bhavissati, ime mama massukaraṇatthāyāgatā’’ti <a name="M1.0126"></a> cintesi. Te gantvā vanditvā aṭṭhaṃsu. ‘Kasmā āgatatthā’ti ca puṭṭhā taṃ sāsanaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Tumhākaṃ rañño manaṃ karothā’’ti ca vuttā ‘nisīda, devā’ti vatvā ca rājānaṃ vanditvā – ‘‘deva, mayaṃ rañño āṇaṃ karoma, mā amhākaṃ kujjhittha, nayidaṃ tumhādisānaṃ dhammarājūnaṃ anucchavika’’nti vatvā vāmahatthena gopphake gahetvā dakkhiṇahatthena khuraṃ gahetvā pādatalāni phāletvā loṇatelena makkhetvā khadiraṅgārehi vītaccitehi paciṃsu. Rājā kira pubbe cetiyaṅgaṇe saupāhano agamāsi, nisajjanatthāya paññattakaṭasārakañca adhotehi pādehi akkami, tassāyaṃ nissandoti vadanti. Rañño balavavedanā uppannā. So – ‘‘aho buddho, aho dhammo, aho saṅgho’’ti anussarantoyeva cetiyaṅgaṇe khittamālā viya milāyitvā cātumahārājikadevaloke vessavaṇassa paricārako janavasabho nāma yakkho hutvā nibbatti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Taṃ divasameva ajātasattussa putto jāto, puttassa jātabhāvañca pitumatabhāvañca nivedetuṃ dve lekhā ekakkhaṇeyeva āgatā. Amaccā – ‘‘paṭhamaṃ puttassa jātabhāvaṃ ārocessāmā’’ti taṃ lekhaṃ rañño hatthe ṭhapesuṃ. Rañño taṅkhaṇeyeva puttasineho uppajjitvā sakalasarīraṃ <a name="P1.0138"></a><a name="V1.0117"></a> khobhetvā aṭṭhimiñjaṃ āhacca aṭṭhāsi. Tasmiṃ khaṇe pituguṇamaññāsi – ‘‘mayi jātepi mayhaṃ pitu evameva sineho uppanno’’ti. So – ‘‘gacchatha, bhaṇe, mayhaṃ pitaraṃ vissajjethā’’ti āha. ‘‘Kiṃ vissajjāpetha, devā’’ti itaraṃ lekhaṃ hatthe ṭhapayiṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">So taṃ pavattiṃ sutvā rodamāno mātusamīpaṃ gantvā – ‘‘ahosi nu, kho, amma, mayhaṃ pitu mayi jāte sineho’’ti? Sā āha – ‘‘bālaputta, kiṃ vadesi, tava daharakāle aṅguliyā pīḷakā uṭṭhahi. Atha taṃ rodamānaṃ saññāpetuṃ asakkontā taṃ gahetvā vinicchayaṭṭhāne nisinnassa tava pitu santikaṃ agamaṃsu. Pitā te aṅguliṃ mukhe ṭhapesi. Pīḷakā mukheyeva bhijji. Atha kho pitā tava sinehena taṃ lohitamissakaṃ pubbaṃ aniṭṭhubhitvāva ajjhohari. Evarūpo te pitu sineho’’ti. So roditvā paridevitvā pitu sarīrakiccaṃ akāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Devadattopi <a name="M1.0127"></a> ajātasattuṃ upasaṅkamitvā – ‘‘purise, mahārāja, āṇāpehi, ye samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ jīvitā voropessantī’’ti vatvā tena dinne purise pesetvā sayaṃ gijjhakūṭaṃ āruyha yantena silaṃ pavijjhitvā nāḷāgirihatthiṃ muñcāpetvāpi kenaci upāyena bhagavantaṃ māretuṃ asakkonto parihīnalābhasakkāro pañca vatthūni yācitvā tāni alabhamāno tehi janaṃ saññāpessāmīti saṅghabhedaṃ katvā sāriputtamoggallānesu parisaṃ ādāya pakkantesu uṇhalohitaṃ mukhena chaḍḍetvā navamāse gilānamañce nipajjitvā vippaṭisārajāto – ‘‘kuhiṃ etarahi satthā vasatī’’ti pucchitvā ‘‘jetavane’’ti vutte mañcakena maṃ āharitvā satthāraṃ dassethāti vatvā āhariyamāno bhagavato <a name="P1.0139"></a> dassanārahassa kammassa akatattā jetavane pokkharaṇīsamīpeyeva dvedhā bhinnaṃ pathaviṃ pavisitvā mahāniraye patiṭṭhitoti. Ayamettha saṅkhepo. Vitthārakathānayo khandhake āgato. Āgatattā pana sabbaṃ na vuttanti. Evaṃ ajātoyeva rañño sattu bhavissatīti nemittakehi niddiṭṭhoti ajātasattu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vedehiputto</span>ti ayaṃ kosalarañño dhītāya putto, na videharañño. Vedehīti pana paṇḍitādhivacanametaṃ. Yathāha – ‘‘vedehikā gahapatānī (ma. ni. 1.226), ayyo ānando vedehamunī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 2.154). Tatrāyaṃ vacanattho – vidanti etenāti vedo, ñāṇassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Vedena īhati ghaṭati vāyamatīti vedehī. Vedehiyā putto vedehiputto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tadahū</span>ti tasmiṃ ahu, tasmiṃ divaseti attho. Upavasanti etthāti uposatho, upavasantīti <a name="V1.0118"></a> sīlena vā anasanena vā upetā hutvā vasantīti attho. Ayaṃ panettha atthuddhāro – ‘‘āyāmāvuso, kappina, uposathaṃ gamissāmā’’tiādīsu pātimokkhuddeso uposatho. ‘‘Evaṃ aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgato kho, visākhe, uposatho upavuttho’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 8.43) sīlaṃ. ‘‘Suddhassa ve sadā phaggu, suddhassuposatho sadā’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.79) upavāso. ‘‘Uposatho nāma nāgarājā’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 2.246) paññatti<a name="M1.0128"></a>. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, tadahuposathe sabhikkhukā āvāsā’’tiādīsu (mahāva. 181) upavasitabbadivaso. Idhāpi soyeva adhippeto. So panesa aṭṭhamī cātuddasī pannarasībhedena tividho. Tasmā sesadvayanivāraṇatthaṃ pannaraseti vuttaṃ. Teneva vuttaṃ – ‘‘upavasanti etthāti uposatho’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Komudiyā</span>ti kumudavatiyā. Tadā kira kumudāni supupphitāni honti, tāni ettha santīti komudī. <span class="bld">Cātumāsiniyā</span>ti cātumāsiyā, sā hi catunnaṃ māsānaṃ pariyosānabhūtāti cātumāsī. Idha pana cātumāsinīti vuccati. Māsapuṇṇatāya <a name="P1.0140"></a> utupuṇṇatāya saṃvaccharapuṇṇatāya puṇṇā sampuṇṇāti puṇṇā. Mā iti cando vuccati, so ettha puṇṇoti puṇṇamā. Evaṃ puṇṇāya puṇṇamāyāti imasmiṃ padadvaye ca attho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rājāmaccaparivuto</span>ti evarūpāya rajataghaṭaviniggatāhi khīradhārāhi dhoviyamānadisābhāgāya viya, rajatavimānaviccutehi muttāvaḷisumanakusumadāmasetadukūlakumudavisarehi samparikiṇṇāya viya ca, caturupakkilesavimuttapuṇṇacandappabhāsamudayobhāsitāya rattiyā rājāmaccehi parivutoti attho. <span class="bld">Uparipāsādavaragato</span>ti pāsādavarassa uparigato. Mahārahe samussitasetacchatte kañcanāsane nisinno hoti. Kasmā nisinno? Niddāvinodanatthaṃ. Ayañhi rājā pitari upakkantadivasato paṭṭhāya – ‘‘niddaṃ okkamissāmī’’ti nimīlitamattesuyeva akkhīsu sattisataabbhāhato viya kandamānoyeva pabujjhi. Kimetanti ca vutte, na kiñcīti vadati. Tenassa amanāpā niddā, iti niddāvinodanatthaṃ nisinno. Api ca tasmiṃ divase nakkhattaṃ saṅghuṭṭhaṃ hoti. Sabbaṃ nagaraṃ sittasammaṭṭhaṃ vippakiṇṇavālukaṃ pañcavaṇṇakusumalājapuṇṇaghaṭapaṭimaṇḍitagharadvāraṃ samussitadhajapaṭākavicitrasamujjalitadīpamālālaṅkatasabbadisābhāgaṃ vīthisabhāgena racchāsabhāgena nakkhattakīḷaṃ anubhavamānena mahājanena samākiṇṇaṃ hoti. Iti nakkhattadivasatāyapi nisinnoti vadanti. Evaṃ pana vatvāpi – ‘‘rājakulassa nāma sadāpi nakkhattameva, niddāvinodanatthaṃyeva panesa nisinno’’ti sanniṭṭhānaṃ kataṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Udānaṃ</span> <a name="V1.0119"></a><a name="M1.0129"></a> <span class="bld">udānesī</span>ti udāhāraṃ udāhari, yathā hi yaṃ telaṃ mānaṃ gahetuṃ na sakkoti, vissanditvā gacchati, taṃ avasekoti <a name="P1.0141"></a> vuccati. Yañca jalaṃ taḷākaṃ gahetuṃ na sakkoti, ajjhottharitvā gacchati, taṃ oghoti vuccati; evameva yaṃ pītivacanaṃ hadayaṃ gahetuṃ na sakkoti, adhikaṃ hutvā anto asaṇṭhahitvā bahinikkhamati, taṃ udānanti vuccati. Evarūpaṃ pītimayaṃ vacanaṃ nicchāresīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dosinā</span>ti dosāpagatā, abbhā, mahikā, dhūmo, rajo, rāhūti imehi pañcahi upakkilesehi virahitāti vuttaṃ hoti. Tasmā <span class="bld">ramaṇīyā</span>tiādīni pañca thomanavacanāni. Sā hi mahājanassa manaṃ ramayatīti <span class="bld">ramaṇīyā.</span> Vuttadosavimuttāya candappabhāya obhāsitattā ativiya surūpāti <span class="bld">abhirūpā.</span> Dassituṃ yuttāti <span class="bld">dassanīyā.</span> Cittaṃ pasādetīti <span class="bld">pāsādikā.</span> Divasamāsādīnaṃ lakkhaṇaṃ bhavituṃ yuttāti <span class="bld">lakkhaññā.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kaṃ nu khvajjā</span>ti kaṃ nu kho ajja. <span class="bld">Samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā</span>ti samitapāpatāya samaṇaṃ. Bāhitapāpatāya brāhmaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Yaṃ no payirupāsato</span>ti vacanabyattayo esa, yaṃ amhākaṃ pañhapucchanavasena payirupāsantānaṃ madhuraṃ dhammaṃ sutvā cittaṃ pasīdeyyāti attho. Iti rājā iminā sabbenapi vacanena obhāsanimittakammaṃ akāsi. Kassa akāsīti? Jīvakassa. Kimatthaṃ? Bhagavato dassanatthaṃ. Kiṃ bhagavantaṃ sayaṃ dassanāya upagantuṃ na sakkotīti? Āma, na sakkoti. Kasmā? Mahāparādhatāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tena hi bhagavato upaṭṭhāko ariyasāvako attano pitā mārito, devadatto ca tameva nissāya bhagavato bahuṃ anatthamakāsi, iti mahāparādho esa, tāya mahāparādhatāya sayaṃ gantuṃ na sakkoti. Jīvako pana bhagavato upaṭṭhāko, tassa piṭṭhichāyāya bhagavantaṃ passissāmīti obhāsanimittakammaṃ akāsi. Kiṃ jīvako pana – ‘‘mayhaṃ idaṃ obhāsanimittakamma’’nti jānātīti? Āma jānāti. Atha kasmā tuṇhī ahosīti? Vikkhepapacchedanatthaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tassañhi parisati channaṃ satthārānaṃ upaṭṭhākā bahū <a name="P1.0142"></a> sannipatitā, te asikkhitānaṃ payirupāsanena sayampi asikkhitāva. Te mayi bhagavato guṇakathaṃ <a name="M1.0130"></a> āraddhe antarantarā uṭṭhāyuṭṭhāya attano satthārānaṃ guṇaṃ kathessanti, evaṃ me satthu guṇakathā pariyosānaṃ na gamissati. Rājā pana imesaṃ kulūpake upasaṅkamitvā gahitāsāratāya tesaṃ guṇakathāya anattamano <a name="V1.0120"></a> hutvā maṃ paṭipucchissati, athāhaṃ nibbikkhepaṃ satthu guṇaṃ kathetvā rājānaṃ satthu santikaṃ gahetvā gamissāmīti jānantova vikkhepapacchedanatthaṃ tuṇhī ahosīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tepi amaccā evaṃ cintesuṃ – ‘‘ajja rājā pañcahi padehi rattiṃ thometi, addhā kiñci samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā upasaṅkamitvā pañhaṃ pucchitvā dhammaṃ sotukāmo, yassa cesa dhammaṃ sutvā pasīdissati, tassa ca mahantaṃ sakkāraṃ karissati, yassa pana kulūpako samaṇo rājakulūpako hoti, bhaddaṃ tassā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para151-152"></a><a name="para151-152_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">151-152</span>. Te evaṃ cintetvā – ‘‘ahaṃ attano kulūpakasamaṇassa vaṇṇaṃ vatvā rājānaṃ gahetvā gamissāmi, ahaṃ gamissāmī’’ti attano attano kulūpakānaṃ vaṇṇaṃ kathetuṃ āraddhā. Tenāha – <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ vutte aññataro rājāmacco’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">pūraṇo</span>ti tassa satthupaṭiññassa nāmaṃ. <span class="bld">Kassapo</span>ti gottaṃ. So kira aññatarassa kulassa ekūnadāsasataṃ pūrayamāno jāto, tenassa pūraṇoti nāmaṃ akaṃsu. Maṅgaladāsattā cassa ‘‘dukkaṭa’’nti vattā natthi, akataṃ vā na katanti. So ‘‘kimahaṃ ettha vasāmī’’ti palāyi. Athassa corā vatthāni acchindiṃsu, so paṇṇena vā tiṇena vā paṭicchādetumpi ajānanto jātarūpeneva ekaṃ gāmaṃ pāvisi. Manussā taṃ disvā ‘‘ayaṃ samaṇo arahā appiccho, natthi iminā sadiso’’ti pūvabhattādīni gahetvā upasaṅkamanti. So – ‘‘mayhaṃ sāṭakaṃ anivatthabhāvena idaṃ uppanna’’nti tato paṭṭhāya sāṭakaṃ labhitvāpi na nivāsesi, tadeva pabbajjaṃ aggahesi, tassa santike <a name="P1.0143"></a> aññepi aññepīti pañcasatamanussā pabbajiṃsu. Taṃ sandhāyāha – ‘‘pūraṇo kassapo’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pabbajitasamūhasaṅkhāto saṅgho assa atthīti <span class="bld">saṅghī.</span> Sveva gaṇo assa atthīti <span class="bld">gaṇī.</span> Ācārasikkhāpanavasena tassa gaṇassa ācariyoti <span class="bld">gaṇācariyo. Ñāto</span>ti paññāto pākaṭo. ‘‘Appiccho <a name="M1.0131"></a> santuṭṭho. Appicchatāya vatthampi na nivāsetī’’ti evaṃ samuggato yaso assa atthīti <span class="bld">yasassī. Titthakaro</span>ti laddhikaro. <span class="bld">Sādhusammato</span>ti ayaṃ sādhu, sundaro, sappurisoti evaṃ sammato. <span class="bld">Bahujanassā</span>ti assutavato andhabālaputhujjanassa. Pabbajitato paṭṭhāya atikkantā bahū rattiyo jānātīti <span class="bld">rattaññū.</span> Ciraṃ pabbajitassa assāti <span class="bld">cirapabbajito,</span> acirapabbajitassa hi kathā okappanīyā na hoti, tenāha ‘‘cirapabbajito’’ti. <span class="bld">Addhagato</span>ti addhānaṃ gato, dve tayo rājaparivaṭṭe atītoti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Vayoanuppatto</span>ti pacchimavayaṃ anuppatto. Idaṃ ubhayampi – ‘‘daharassa kathā okappanīyā na hotī’’ti etaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tuṇhī</span> <a name="V1.0121"></a> <span class="bld">ahosī</span>ti suvaṇṇavaṇṇaṃ madhurarasaṃ ambapakkaṃ khāditukāmo puriso āharitvā hatthe ṭhapitaṃ kājarapakkaṃ disvā viya jhānābhiññādiguṇayuttaṃ tilakkhaṇabbhāhataṃ madhuraṃ dhammakathaṃ sotukāmo pubbe pūraṇassa dassanenāpi anattamano idāni guṇakathāya suṭṭhutaraṃ anattamano hutvā tuṇhī ahosi. Anattamano samānopi pana ‘‘sacāhaṃ etaṃ tajjetvā gīvāyaṃ gahetvā nīharāpessāmi, ‘yo yo kathesi, taṃ taṃ rājā evaṃ karotī’ti bhīto aññopi koci kiñci na kathessatī’’ti amanāpampi taṃ kathaṃ adhivāsetvā tuṇhī eva ahosi. Athañño – ‘‘ahaṃ attano kulūpakassa vaṇṇaṃ kathessāmī’’ti cintetvā vattuṃ ārabhi. Tena vuttaṃ – aññataropi khotiādi. Taṃ sabbaṃ vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha pana <span class="bld">makkhalī</span>ti tassa nāmaṃ. Gosālāya jātattā <span class="bld">gosālo</span>ti dutiyaṃ nāmaṃ. Taṃ kira sakaddamāya bhūmiyā telaghaṭaṃ <a name="P1.0144"></a> gahetvā gacchantaṃ – ‘‘tāta, mā khalī’’ti sāmiko āha. So pamādena khalitvā patitvā sāmikassa bhayena palāyituṃ āraddho. Sāmiko upadhāvitvā dussakaṇṇe aggahesi. So sāṭakaṃ chaḍḍetvā acelako hutvā palāyi. Sesaṃ pūraṇasadisameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para153"></a><a name="para153_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">153</span>. <span class="bld">Ajito</span>ti tassa nāmaṃ. Kesakambalaṃ dhāretīti <span class="bld">kesakambalo.</span> Iti nāmadvayaṃ saṃsanditvā ajito kesakambaloti vuccati<a name="M1.0132"></a>. Tattha <span class="bld">kesakambalo nāma</span> manussakesehi katakambalo. Tato paṭikiṭṭhataraṃ vatthaṃ nāma natthi. Yathāha – ‘‘seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, yāni kānici tantāvutānaṃ vatthānaṃ, kesakambalo tesaṃ paṭikiṭṭho akkhāyati. Kesakambalo, bhikkhave, sīte sīto, uṇhe uṇho, dubbaṇṇo duggandho dukkhasamphasso’’ti (a. ni. 3.138).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para154"></a><a name="para154_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">154</span>. <span class="bld">Pakudho</span>ti tassa nāmaṃ. <span class="bld">Kaccāyano</span>ti gottaṃ. Iti nāmagottaṃ saṃsanditvā pakudho kaccāyanoti vuccati. Sītudakapaṭikkhittako esa, vaccaṃ katvāpi udakakiccaṃ na karoti, uṇhodakaṃ vā kañjiyaṃ vā labhitvā karoti, nadiṃ vā maggodakaṃ vā atikkamma – ‘‘sīlaṃ me bhinna’’nti vālikathūpaṃ katvā sīlaṃ adhiṭṭhāya gacchati. Evarūpo nissirīkaladdhiko esa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para155"></a><a name="para155_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">155</span>. <span class="bld">Sañcayo</span>ti tassa nāmaṃ. Belaṭṭhassa puttoti <span class="bld">belaṭṭhaputto.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para156"></a><a name="para156_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">156</span>. Amhākaṃ gaṇṭhanakileso palibandhanakileso natthi, kilesagaṇṭharahitā mayanti evaṃvāditāya laddhanāmavasena <span class="bld">nigaṇṭho.</span> Nāṭassa putto <span class="bld">nāṭaputto.</span></p>
<p class="subhead">Komārabhaccajīvakakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para157"></a><a name="para157_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">157</span>. <span class="bld">Atha</span> <a name="V1.0122"></a> <span class="bld">kho rājā</span>ti rājā kira tesaṃ vacanaṃ sutvā cintesi – ‘‘ahaṃ yassa yassa vacanaṃ na sotukāmo, so so eva <a name="P1.0145"></a> kathesi. Yassa panamhi vacanaṃ sotukāmo, esa nāgavasaṃ pivitvā ṭhito supaṇṇo viya tuṇhībhūto, anattho vata me’’ti. Athassa etadahosi – ‘‘jīvako upasantassa buddhassa bhagavato upaṭṭhāko, sayampi upasanto, tasmā vattasampanno bhikkhu viya tuṇhībhūtova nisinno, na esa mayi akathente kathessati, hatthimhi kho pana maddante hatthisseva pādo gahetabbo’’ti tena saddhiṃ sayaṃ mantetumāraddho. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘atha kho rājā’’ti. Tattha <span class="bld">kiṃ tuṇhī</span>ti kena kāraṇena tuṇhī. Imesaṃ amaccānaṃ attano attano kulūpakasamaṇassa vaṇṇaṃ kathentānaṃ mukhaṃ nappahoti<a name="M1.0133"></a>. Kiṃ yathā etesaṃ, evaṃ tava kulūpakasamaṇo natthi, kiṃ tvaṃ daliddo, na te mama pitarā issariyaṃ dinnaṃ, udāhu assaddhoti pucchati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tato jīvakassa etadahosi – ‘‘ayaṃ rājā maṃ kulūpakasamaṇassa guṇaṃ kathāpeti, na dāni me tuṇhībhāvassa kālo, yathā kho panime rājānaṃ vanditvā nisinnāva attano kulūpakasamaṇānaṃ guṇaṃ kathayiṃsu, na mayhaṃ evaṃ satthuguṇe kathetuṃ yutta’’nti uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavato vihārābhimukho pañcapatiṭṭhitena vanditvā dasanakhasamodhānasamujjalaṃ añjaliṃ sirasi paggahetvā – ‘‘mahārāja, mā maṃ evaṃ cintayittha, ‘ayaṃ yaṃ vā taṃ vā samaṇaṃ upasaṅkamatī’ti, mama satthuno hi mātukucchiokkamane, mātukucchito nikkhamane, mahābhinikkhamane, sambodhiyaṃ, dhammacakkappavattane ca, dasasahassilokadhātu kampittha, evaṃ yamakapāṭihāriyaṃ akāsi, evaṃ devorohaṇaṃ, ahaṃ satthuno guṇe kathayissāmi, ekaggacitto suṇa, mahārājā’’ti vatvā – ‘‘ayaṃ deva, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho’’tiādimāha. Tattha <a name="P1.0146"></a> <span class="bld">taṃ kho pana bhagavanta</span>nti itthambhūtākhyānatthe upayogavacanaṃ, tassa kho pana bhagavatoti attho. <span class="bld">Kalyāṇo</span>ti kalyāṇaguṇasamannāgato, seṭṭhoti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Kittisaddo</span>ti kittiyeva. Thutighoso vā. <span class="bld">Abbhuggato</span>ti sadevakaṃ lokaṃ ajjhottharitvā uggato. Kinti? ‘‘Itipi so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho…pe… bhagavā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatrāyaṃ padasambandho – so bhagavā itipi arahaṃ itipi sammāsambuddho…pe… itipi bhagavāti. Iminā ca iminā ca kāraṇenāti vuttaṃ hoti. Tattha ārakattā arīnaṃ, arānañca hatattā, paccayādīnaṃ arahattā, pāpakaraṇe rahābhāvāti, imehi tāva kāraṇehi so bhagavā <a name="V1.0123"></a> arahanti veditabbotiādinā nayena mātikaṃ nikkhipitvā sabbāneva cetāni padāni visuddhimagge buddhānussatiniddese vitthāritānīti tato nesaṃ vitthāro gahetabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Jīvako pana ekamekassa padassa atthaṃ niṭṭhāpetvā – ‘‘evaṃ, mahārāja, arahaṃ mayhaṃ satthā, evaṃ sammāsambuddho…pe… evaṃ bhagavā’’ti vatvā – ‘‘taṃ, devo, bhagavantaṃ payirupāsatu, appeva nāma devassa taṃ bhagavantaṃ payirupāsato cittaṃ pasīdeyyā’’ti āha. Ettha ca <span class="bld">taṃ devo payirupāsatū</span>ti vadanto ‘‘mahārāja, tumhādisānañhi satenapi sahassenapi satasahassenapi puṭṭhassa <a name="M1.0134"></a> mayhaṃ satthuno sabbesaṃ cittaṃ gahetvā kathetuṃ thāmo ca balañca atthi, vissattho upasaṅkamitvā puccheyyāsi mahārājā’’ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Raññopi bhagavato guṇakathaṃ suṇantassa sakalasarīraṃ pañcavaṇṇāya pītiyā nirantaraṃ phuṭaṃ ahosi. So taṅkhaṇaññeva gantukāmo hutvā – ‘‘imāya kho pana velāya mayhaṃ dasabalassa santikaṃ gacchato na añño koci khippaṃ yānāni yojetuṃ sakkhissati aññatra jīvakā’’ti cintetvā – ‘‘tena hi, samma jīvaka, hatthiyānāni kappāpehī’’ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para158"></a><a name="para158_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">158</span>. Tattha <span class="bld">tena hī</span>ti uyyojanatthe nipāto. Gaccha, samma jīvakāti <a name="P1.0147"></a> vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Hatthiyānānī</span>ti anekesu assarathādīsu yānesu vijjamānesupi hatthiyānaṃ uttamaṃ; uttamassa santikaṃ uttamayāneneva gantabbanti ca, assayānarathayānāni sasaddāni, dūratova tesaṃ saddo suyyati, hatthiyānassa padānupadaṃ gacchantāpi saddaṃ na suṇanti. Nibbutassa pana kho bhagavato santike nibbuteheva yānehi gantabbanti ca cintayitvā hatthiyānānīti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pañcamattāni hatthinikāsatānī</span>ti pañca kareṇusatāni. <span class="bld">Kappāpetvā</span>ti ārohaṇasajjāni kāretvā. <span class="bld">Ārohaṇīya</span>nti ārohaṇayoggaṃ, opaguyhanti attho. Kiṃ panesa raññā vuttaṃ akāsi avuttanti? Avuttaṃ. Kasmā? Paṇḍitatāya. Evaṃ kirassa ahosi – rājā imāya velāya gacchāmīti vadati, rājāno ca nāma bahupaccatthikā. Sace antarāmagge koci antarāyo hoti, mampi garahissanti – ‘‘jīvako rājā me kathaṃ gaṇhātīti akālepi rājānaṃ gahetvā nikkhamatī’’ti. Bhagavantampi garahissanti ‘‘samaṇo gotamo, ‘mayhaṃ kathā vattatī’ti kālaṃ asallakkhetvāva dhammaṃ kathetī’’ti. Tasmā yathā neva mayhaṃ, na bhagavato, garahā uppajjati; rañño ca rakkhā susaṃvihitā hoti, tathā karissāmī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tato <a name="P1.0148"></a><a name="V1.0124"></a> itthiyo nissāya purisānaṃ bhayaṃ nāma natthi, ‘sukhaṃ itthiparivuto gamissāmī’ti pañca hatthinikāsatāni kappāpetvā pañca itthisatāni purisavesaṃ gāhāpetvā – ‘‘asitomarahatthā rājānaṃ parivāreyyāthā’’ti vatvā puna cintesi – ‘‘imassa rañño imasmiṃ attabhāve maggaphalānaṃ <a name="M1.0135"></a> upanissayo natthi, buddhā ca nāma upanissayaṃ disvāva dhammaṃ kathenti. Handāhaṃ, mahājanaṃ sannipātāpemi, evañhi sati satthā kassacideva upanissayena dhammaṃ desessati, sā mahājanassa upakārāya bhavissatī’’ti. So tattha tattha sāsanaṃ pesesi, bheriṃ carāpesi – ‘‘ajja rājā bhagavato santikaṃ gacchati, sabbe attano vibhavānurūpena rañño ārakkhaṃ gaṇhantū’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tato mahājano cintesi – ‘‘rājā kira satthudassanatthaṃ gacchati, kīdisī vata bho dhammadesanā bhavissati, kiṃ no nakkhattakīḷāya, tattheva gamissāmā’’ti. Sabbe gandhamālādīni gahetvā rañño āgamanaṃ ākaṅkhamānā magge aṭṭhaṃsu. Jīvakopi rañño paṭivedesi – ‘‘kappitāni kho te, deva, hatthiyānāni, yassa dāni kālaṃ maññasī’’ti. Tattha <span class="bld">yassa dāni kālaṃ maññasī</span>ti upacāravacanametaṃ. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – ‘‘yaṃ tayā āṇattaṃ, taṃ mayā kataṃ, idāni tvaṃ yassa gamanassa vā agamanassa vā kālaṃ maññasi, tadeva attano ruciyā karohī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para159"></a><a name="para159_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">159</span>. <span class="bld">Paccekā itthiyo</span>ti pāṭiyekkā itthiyo, ekekissā hatthiniyā ekekaṃ itthinti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Ukkāsu dhāriyamānāsū</span>ti daṇḍadīpikāsu dhāriyamānāsu. <span class="bld">Mahacca rājānubhāvenā</span>ti mahatā rājānubhāvena. Mahaccātipi pāḷi, mahatiyāti attho, liṅgavipariyāyo esa. <span class="bld">Rājānubhāvo</span> vuccati rājiddhi. Kā panassa rājiddhi? Tiyojanasatānaṃ dvinnaṃ mahāraṭṭhānaṃ issariyasirī. Tassa hi asukadivasaṃ rājā tathāgataṃ upasaṅkamissatīti paṭhamataraṃ saṃvidahane asatipi taṅkhaṇaññeva pañca itthisatāni purisavesaṃ gahetvā paṭimukkaveṭhanāni aṃse āsattakhaggāni maṇidaṇḍatomare gahetvā nikkhamiṃsu. Yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ – ‘‘paccekā itthiyo āropetvā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparāpi soḷasasahassakhattiyanāṭakitthiyo rājānaṃ parivāresuṃ. Tāsaṃ pariyante khujjavāmanakakirātādayo. Tāsaṃ pariyante antepurapālakā vissāsikapurisā. Tesaṃ pariyante vicitravesavilāsino saṭṭhisahassamattā mahāmattā. Tesaṃ pariyante vividhālaṅkārapaṭimaṇḍitā nānappakāraāvudhahatthā <a name="M1.0136"></a> vijjādharataruṇā viya navutisahassamattā raṭṭhiyaputtā. Tesaṃ pariyante satagghanikāni <a name="P1.0149"></a><a name="V1.0125"></a> nivāsetvā pañcasatagghanikāni ekaṃsaṃ katvā sunhātā suvilittā kañcanamālādinānābharaṇasobhitā dasasahassamattā brāhmaṇā dakkhiṇahatthaṃ ussāpetvā jayasaddaṃ ghosantā gacchanti. Tesaṃ pariyante pañcaṅgikāni tūriyāni. Tesaṃ pariyante dhanupantiparikkhepo. Tassa pariyante hatthighaṭā. Hatthīnaṃ pariyante gīvāya gīvaṃ paharamānā assapanti. Assapariyante aññamaññaṃ saṅghaṭṭanarathā. Rathapariyante bāhāya bāhaṃ paharayamānā yodhā. Tesaṃ pariyante attano attano anurūpāya ābharaṇasampattiyā virocamānā aṭṭhārasa seniyo. Iti yathā pariyante ṭhatvā khitto saro rājānaṃ na pāpuṇāti, evaṃ jīvako komārabhacco rañño parisaṃ saṃvidahitvā attanā rañño avidūreneva gacchati – ‘‘sace koci upaddavo hoti, paṭhamatara rañño jīvitadānaṃ dassāmī’’ti. Ukkānaṃ pana ettakāni satāni vā sahassāni vāti paricchedo natthīti evarūpiṃ rājiddhiṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ – ‘‘mahaccarājānubhāvena yena jīvakassa komārabhaccassa ambavanaṃ, tena pāyāsī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ahudeva bhaya</span>nti ettha cittutrāsabhayaṃ, ñāṇabhayaṃ, ārammaṇabhayaṃ, ottappabhayanti catubbidhaṃ bhayaṃ, tattha ‘‘jātiṃ paṭicca bhayaṃ bhayānaka’’ntiādinā nayena vuttaṃ cittutrāsabhayaṃ nāma. ‘‘Tepi tathāgatassa dhammadesanaṃ sutvā yebhuyyena bhayaṃ saṃvegaṃ santāsaṃ āpajjantī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 3.78) evamāgataṃ ñāṇabhayaṃ nāma. ‘‘Etaṃ nūna taṃ bhayabheravaṃ āgacchatī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.49) ettha vuttaṃ ārammaṇabhayaṃ nāma.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Bhīruṃ pasaṃsanti, na hi tattha sūraṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Bhayā hi santo, na karonti pāpa’’nti <a name="P1.0150"></a>. (saṃ. ni. 1.33);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idaṃ ottappabhayaṃ nāma. Tesu idha cittutrāsabhayaṃ, ahu ahosīti attho. <span class="bld">Chambhitatta</span>nti chambhitassa bhāvo. Sakalasarīracalananti attho. <span class="bld">Lomahaṃso</span>ti lomahaṃsanaṃ, uddhaṃ ṭhitalomatāti attho. So panāyaṃ lomahaṃso dhammassavanādīsu pītiuppattikāle pītiyāpi hoti<a name="M1.0137"></a>. Bhīrukajātikānaṃ sampahārapisācādidassanesu bhayenāpi. Idha bhayalomahaṃsoti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kasmā panesa bhītoti? Andhakārenāti eke vadanti. Rājagahe kira dvattiṃsa mahādvārāni, catusaṭṭhi khuddakadvārāni. Jīvakassa ambavanaṃ pākārassa ca gijjhakūṭassa ca antarā hoti. So pācīnadvārena nikkhamitvā pabbatacchāyāya pāvisi, tattha pabbatakūṭena cando <a name="V1.0126"></a> chādito, pabbatacchāyāya ca rukkhacchāyāya ca andhakāraṃ ahosīti, tampi akāraṇaṃ. Tadā hi ukkānaṃ satasahassānampi paricchedo natthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ayaṃ pana appasaddataṃ nissāya jīvake āsaṅkāya bhīto. Jīvako kirassa uparipāsādeyeva ārocesi – ‘‘mahārāja appasaddakāmo bhagavā, appasaddeneva upasaṅkamitabbo’’ti. Tasmā rājā tūriyasaddaṃ nivāresi. Tūriyāni kevalaṃ gahitamattāneva honti, vācampi uccaṃ anicchārayamānā accharāsaññāya gacchanti. Ambavanepi kassaci khipitasaddopi na suyyati. Rājāno ca nāma saddābhiratā honti. So taṃ appasaddataṃ nissāya ukkaṇṭhito jīvakepi āsaṅkaṃ uppādesi. ‘‘Ayaṃ jīvako mayhaṃ ambavane aḍḍhateḷasāni bhikkhusatānī’’ti āha. Ettha ca khipitasaddamattampi na suyyati, abhūtaṃ maññe, esa vañcetvā maṃ nagarato nīharitvā purato balakāyaṃ upaṭṭhapetvā maṃ gaṇhitvā attanā chattaṃ ussāpetukāmo. Ayañhi pañcannaṃ hatthīnaṃ balaṃ dhāreti. Mama ca avidūreneva <a name="P1.0151"></a> gacchati, santike ca me āvudhahattho ekapurisopi natthi. Aho vata me anattho’’ti. Evaṃ bhāyitvā ca pana abhīto viya sandhāretumpi nāsakkhi. Attano bhītabhāvaṃ tassa āvi akāsi. Tena vuttaṃ. ‘‘Atha kho rājā…pe… na nigghoso’’ti. Tattha <span class="bld">sammā</span>ti vayassābhilāpo esa, kacci maṃ vayassāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Na palambhesī</span>ti yaṃ natthi taṃ atthīti vatvā kacci maṃ na vippalambhayasi. <span class="bld">Nigghoso</span>ti kathāsallāpanigghoso.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mā bhāyi, mahārājā</span>ti jīvako – ‘‘ayaṃ rājā maṃ na jānāti ‘nāyaṃ paraṃ jīvitā voropetī’ti; sace kho pana naṃ na assāsessāmi, vinasseyyā’’ti <a name="M1.0138"></a> cintayitvā daḷhaṃ katvā samassāsento ‘‘mā bhāyi mahārājā’’ti vatvā <span class="bld">‘‘na taṃ devā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Abhikkamā</span>ti abhimukho kama gaccha, pavisāti attho. Sakiṃ vutte pana daḷhaṃ na hotīti taramānova dvikkhattuṃ āha. <span class="bld">Ete maṇḍalamāḷe dīpā jhāyantī</span>ti mahārāja, corabalaṃ nāma na dīpe jāletvā tiṭṭhati, ete ca maṇḍalamāḷe dīpā jalanti. Etāya dīpasaññāya yāhi mahārājāti vadati.</p>
<p class="subhead">Sāmaññaphalapucchāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para160"></a><a name="para160_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">160</span>. <span class="bld">Nāgassa bhūmī</span>ti yattha sakkā hatthiṃ abhirūḷhena gantuṃ, ayaṃ nāgassa bhūmi nāma. <span class="bld">Nāgā paccorohitvā</span>ti vihārassa bahidvārakoṭṭhake hatthito orohitvā. Bhūmiyaṃ patiṭṭhitasamakālameva <a name="V1.0127"></a> pana bhagavato tejo rañño sarīraṃ phari. Athassa tāvadeva sakalasarīrato sedā mucciṃsu, sāṭakā pīḷetvā apanetabbā viya ahesuṃ. Attano aparādhaṃ saritvā mahābhayaṃ uppajji. So ujukaṃ bhagavato santikaṃ gantuṃ asakkonto jīvakaṃ hatthe gahetvā ārāmacārikaṃ caramāno viya ‘‘idaṃ te samma jīvaka suṭṭhu kāritaṃ idaṃ suṭṭhu kārita’’nti vihārassa <a name="P1.0152"></a> vaṇṇaṃ bhaṇamāno anukkamena yena maṇḍalamāḷassa dvāraṃ tenupasaṅkami, sampattoti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kahaṃ pana sammā</span>ti kasmā pucchīti. Eke tāva ‘‘ajānanto’’ti vadanti. Iminā kira daharakāle pitarā saddhiṃ āgamma bhagavā diṭṭhapubbo, pacchā pana pāpamittasaṃsaggena pitughātaṃ katvā abhimāre pesetvā dhanapālaṃ muñcāpetvā mahāparādho hutvā bhagavato sammukhībhāvaṃ na upagatapubboti asañjānanto pucchatīti. Taṃ akāraṇaṃ, bhagavā hi ākiṇṇavaralakkhaṇo anubyañjanapaṭimaṇḍito chabbaṇṇāhi rasmīhi sakalaṃ ārāmaṃ obhāsetvā tārāgaṇaparivuto viya puṇṇacando bhikkhugaṇaparivuto maṇḍalamāḷamajjhe nisinno, taṃ ko na jāneyya. Ayaṃ pana attano issariyalīlāya pucchati. Pakati hesā rājakulānaṃ, yaṃ jānantāpi ajānantā viya pucchanti. Jīvako pana taṃ sutvā – ‘ayaṃ rājā pathaviyaṃ ṭhatvā kuhiṃ pathavīti, nabhaṃ ulloketvā kuhiṃ candimasūriyāti, sinerumūle ṭhatvā <a name="M1.0139"></a> kuhiṃ sinerūti vadamāno viya dasabalassa purato ṭhatvā kuhiṃ bhagavā’ti pucchati. ‘‘Handassa bhagavantaṃ dassessāmī’’ti cintetvā yena bhagavā tenañjaliṃ paṇāmetvā ‘‘eso mahārājā’’tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Purakkhato</span>ti parivāretvā nisinnassa purato nisinno.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para161"></a><a name="para161_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">161</span>. <span class="bld">Yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamī</span>ti yattha bhagavā tattha gato, bhagavato santikaṃ upagatoti attho. <span class="bld">Ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsī</span>ti bhagavantaṃ vā bhikkhusaṃghaṃ vā asaṅghaṭṭayamāno attano ṭhātuṃ anucchavike ekasmiṃ padese bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekova aṭṭhāsi. <span class="bld">Tuṇhībhūtaṃ tuṇhībhūta</span>nti yato yato anuviloketi, tato tato tuṇhībhūtamevāti attho. Tattha hi ekabhikkhussapi hatthakukkuccaṃ vā pādakukkuccaṃ vā khipitasaddo vā natthi, sabbālaṅkārapaṭimaṇḍitaṃ <a name="P1.0153"></a> nāṭakaparivāraṃ bhagavato abhimukhe ṭhitaṃ rājānaṃ vā rājaparisaṃ vā ekabhikkhupi na olokesi. Sabbe bhagavantaṃyeva olokayamānā nisīdiṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Rājā tesaṃ upasame pasīditvā vigatapaṅkatāya vippasannarahadamiva upasantindriyaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ punappunaṃ anuviloketvā udānaṃ udānesi. Tattha <span class="bld">iminā</span>ti yena kāyikena ca vācasikena <a name="V1.0128"></a> ca mānasikena ca sīlūpasamena bhikkhusaṅgho upasanto, iminā upasamenāti dīpeti. Tattha ‘‘aho vata me putto pabbajitvā ime bhikkhū viya upasanto bhaveyyā’’ti nayidaṃ sandhāya esa evamāha. Ayaṃ pana bhikkhusaṅghaṃ disvā pasanno puttaṃ anussari. Dullabhañhi laddhā acchariyaṃ vā disvā piyānaṃ ñātimittādīnaṃ anussaraṇaṃ nāma lokassa pakatiyeva. Iti bhikkhusaṅghaṃ disvā puttaṃ anussaramāno esa evamāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Api ca putte āsaṅkāya tassa upasamaṃ icchamāno pesa evamāha. Evaṃ kirassa ahosi, putto me pucchissati – ‘‘mayhaṃ pitā daharo. Ayyako me kuhi’’nti. So ‘‘pitarā te ghātito’’ti sutvā ‘‘ahampi pitaraṃ ghātetvā rajjaṃ kāressāmī’’ti maññissati. Iti putte āsaṅkāya tassa upasamaṃ icchamāno pesa evamāha. Kiñcāpi hi esa evamāha. Atha kho naṃ putto ghātessatiyeva. Tasmiñhi vaṃse pituvadho pañcaparivaṭṭe gato. Ajātasattu bimbisāraṃ ghātesi, udayo ajātasattuṃ<a name="M1.0140"></a>. Tassa putto mahāmuṇḍiko nāma udayaṃ. Tassa putto anuruddho nāma mahāmuṇḍikaṃ. Tassa putto nāgadāso nāma anuruddhaṃ. Nāgadāsaṃ pana – ‘‘vaṃsacchedakarājāno ime, kiṃ imehī’’ti raṭṭhavāsino kupitā ghātesuṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Agamā kho tva</span>nti kasmā evamāha? Bhagavā kira rañño vacībhede akateyeva cintesi – ‘‘ayaṃ rājā āgantvā tuṇhī niravo ṭhito, kiṃ nu kho cintesī’’ti. Athassa cittaṃ ñatvā – ‘‘ayaṃ mayā saddhiṃ sallapituṃ asakkonto bhikkhusaṅghaṃ <a name="P1.0154"></a> anuviloketvā puttaṃ anussari, na kho panāyaṃ mayi anālapante kiñci kathetuṃ sakkhissati, karomi tena saddhiṃ kathāsallāpa’’nti. Tasmā rañño vacanānantaraṃ <span class="bld">‘‘agamā kho tvaṃ, mahārāja, yathāpema’’</span>nti āha. Tassattho – mahārāja, yathā nāma unname vuṭṭhaṃ udakaṃ yena ninnaṃ tena gacchati, evameva tvaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ anuviloketvā yena pemaṃ tena gatoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha rañño etadahosi – ‘‘aho acchariyā buddhaguṇā, mayā sadiso bhagavato aparādhakārako nāma natthi, mayā hissa aggupaṭṭhāko ghātito, devadattassa ca kathaṃ gahetvā abhimārā pesitā, nāḷāgiri mutto, maṃ nissāya devadattena silā paviddhā, evaṃ mahāparādhaṃ nāma maṃ ālapato dasabalassa mukhaṃ nappahoti; aho bhagavā pañcahākārehi tādilakkhaṇe suppatiṭṭhito. Evarūpaṃ nāma satthāraṃ pahāya bahiddhā na pariyesissāmā’’ti so somanassajāto bhagavantaṃ ālapanto ‘‘piyo me, bhante’’tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para162"></a><a name="para162_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">162</span>. <span class="bld">Bhikkhusaṅghassa</span> <a name="V1.0129"></a> <span class="bld">añjaliṃ paṇāmetvā</span>ti evaṃ kirassa ahosi bhagavantaṃ vanditvā itocito ca gantvā bhikkhusaṅghaṃ vandantena ca bhagavā piṭṭhito kātabbo hoti, garukāropi cesa na hoti. Rājānaṃ vanditvā uparājānaṃ vandantenapi hi rañño agāravo kato hoti. Tasmā bhagavantaṃ vanditvā ṭhitaṭṭhāneyeva bhikkhusaṅghassa añjaliṃ paṇāmetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. <span class="bld">Kañcideva desa</span>nti kañci okāsaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Athassa <a name="M1.0141"></a> bhagavā pañhapucchane ussāhaṃ janento āha – <span class="bld">‘‘puccha, mahārāja, yadākaṅkhasī’’</span>ti. Tassattho – ‘‘puccha yadi ākaṅkhasi, na me pañhavissajjane bhāro atthi’’. Atha vā ‘‘puccha, yaṃ ākaṅkhasi, sabbaṃ te vissajjessāmī’’ti sabbaññupavāraṇaṃ pavāresi, asādhāraṇaṃ paccekabuddhaaggasāvakamahāsāvakehi. Te hi yadākaṅkhasīti na vadanti, sutvā vedissāmāti vadanti. Buddhā <a name="P1.0155"></a> pana – ‘‘puccha, āvuso, yadākaṅkhasī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 1.237), vā ‘‘puccha, mahārāja, yadākaṅkhasī’’ti vā,</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Puccha, vāsava, maṃ pañhaṃ, yaṃ kiñci manasicchasi;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tassa tasseva pañhassa, ahaṃ antaṃ karomi te’’ti. (dī. ni. 2.356) vā;</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tena hi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, sake āsane nisīditvā puccha, yadākaṅkhasīti vā,</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Bāvarissa ca tuyhaṃ vā, sabbesaṃ sabbasaṃsayaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Katāvakāsā pucchavho, yaṃ kiñci manasicchathā’’ti. (su. ni. 1036) vā;</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Puccha maṃ, sabhiya, pañhaṃ, yaṃ kiñci manasicchasi;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tassa tasseva pañhassa, ahaṃ antaṃ karomi te’’ti. (su. ni. 517) vā;</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tesaṃ tesaṃ yakkhanarindadevasamaṇabrāhmaṇaparibbājakānaṃ sabbaññupavāraṇaṃ pavārenti. Anacchariyañcetaṃ, yaṃ bhagavā buddhabhūmiṃ patvā etaṃ pavāraṇaṃ pavāreyya. Yo bodhisattabhūmiyaṃ padesañāṇe ṭhito –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Koṇḍañña<a name="V1.0130"></a>, pañhāni viyākarohi;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Yācanti taṃ isayo sādhurūpā.</p>
<p class="gatha3">Koṇḍañña, eso manujesu dhammo;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Yaṃ vuddhamāgacchati esa bhāro’’ti. (jā. 2.17.60);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ sakkādīnaṃ atthāya isīhi yācito –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Katāvakāsā pucchantu bhonto,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Yaṃ kiñci pañhaṃ manasābhipatthitaṃ;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Ahañhi taṃ taṃ vo viyākarissaṃ,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Ñatvā sayaṃ lokamimaṃ parañcā’’ti. (jā. 2.17.61);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ <a name="M1.0142"></a> sarabhaṅgakāle. Sambhavajātake ca sakalajambudīpaṃ tikkhattuṃ vicaritvā pañhānaṃ antakaraṃ adisvā suciratena brāhmaṇena, pañhaṃ puṭṭhuṃ okāse kārite jātiyā sattavassiko rathikāya paṃsuṃ kīḷanto pallaṅkamābhujitvā antaravīthiyaṃ nisinnova –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Taggha <a name="P1.0156"></a> te ahamakkhissaṃ, yathāpi kusalo tathā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Rājā ca kho taṃ jānāti, yadi kāhati vā na vā’’ti. (jā. 1.16.172);</p>
<p class="centered">Sabbaññupavāraṇaṃ pavāresi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para163"></a><a name="para163_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">163</span>. Evaṃ bhagavatā sabbaññupavāraṇāya pavāritāya attamano rājā pañhaṃ pucchanto – ‘‘yathā nu kho imāni, bhante’’tiādimāha. Tattha sippameva sippāyatanaṃ. <span class="bld">Puthusippāyatanānī</span>ti bahūni sippāni. <span class="bld">Seyyathida</span>nti katame pana te. <span class="bld">Hatthārohā</span>tiādīhi ye taṃ taṃ sippaṃ nissāya jīvanti, te dasseti. Ayañhi assādhippāyo – ‘‘yathā imesaṃ sippūpajīvīnaṃ taṃ taṃ sippaṃ nissāya sandiṭṭhikaṃ sippaphalaṃ paññāyati. Sakkā nu kho evaṃ sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ paññāpetu’’nti. Tasmā sippāyatanāni āharitvā sippūpajīvino dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">hatthārohā</span>ti sabbepi hatthācariyahatthivejjahatthimeṇḍādayo dasseti. <span class="bld">Assārohā</span>ti sabbepi <a name="V1.0131"></a> assācariyaassavejjaassameṇḍādayo. <span class="bld">Rathikā</span>ti sabbepi rathācariyarathayodharatharakkhādayo. <span class="bld">Dhanuggahā</span>ti dhanuācariyā issāsā. <span class="bld">Celakā</span>ti ye yuddhe jayadhajaṃ gahetvā purato gacchanti. <span class="bld">Calakā</span>ti idha rañño ṭhānaṃ hotu, idha asukamahāmattassāti evaṃ senābyūhakārakā. <span class="bld">Piṇḍadāyakā</span>ti sāhasikamahāyodhā. Te kira parasenaṃ pavisitvā parasīsaṃ piṇḍamiva chetvā chetvā dayanti, uppatitvā uppatitvā niggacchantīti attho. Ye vā saṅgāmamajjhe yodhānaṃ bhattapātiṃ gahetvā parivisanti, tesampetaṃ nāmaṃ. <span class="bld">Uggā</span> <a name="P1.0157"></a> <span class="bld">rājaputtā</span>ti uggatuggatā saṅgāmāvacarā rājaputtā. <span class="bld">Pakkhandino</span>ti ye ‘‘kassa sīsaṃ vā āvudhaṃ vā āharāmā’’ti <a name="M1.0143"></a> ‘‘vatvā asukassā’’ti vuttā saṅgāmaṃ pakkhanditvā tadeva āharanti, ime pakkhandantīti pakkhandino. <span class="bld">Mahānāgā</span>ti mahānāgā viya mahānāgā, hatthiādīsupi abhimukhaṃ āgacchantesu anivattitayodhānametaṃ adhivacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Sūrā</span>ti ekantasūrā, ye sajālikāpi sacammikāpi samuddaṃ tarituṃ sakkonti. <span class="bld">Cammayodhino</span>ti ye cammakañcukaṃ vā pavisitvā saraparittāṇacammaṃ vā gahetvā yujjhanti. <span class="bld">Dāsikaputtā</span>ti balavasinehā gharadāsayodhā. <span class="bld">Āḷārikā</span>ti pūvikā. <span class="bld">Kappakā</span>ti nhāpikā. <span class="bld">Nhāpakā</span>ti ye nhāpenti. <span class="bld">Sūdā</span>ti bhattakārakā. Mālākārādayo pākaṭāyeva. <span class="bld">Gaṇakā</span>ti acchiddakapāṭhakā. <span class="bld">Muddikā</span>ti hatthamuddāya gaṇanaṃ nissāya jīvino. <span class="bld">Yāni vā panaññānipī</span>ti ayakāradantakāracittakārādīni. <span class="bld">Evaṃgatānī</span>ti evaṃ pavattāni. <span class="bld">Te diṭṭheva dhamme</span>ti te hatthārohādayo tāni puthusippāyatanāni dassetvā rājakulato mahāsampattiṃ labhamānā sandiṭṭhikameva sippaphalaṃ upajīvanti. <span class="bld">Sukhentī</span>ti sukhitaṃ karonti. <span class="bld">Pīṇentī</span>ti pīṇitaṃ thāmabalūpetaṃ karonti. <span class="bld">Uddhaggikā</span>dīsu upari phalanibbattanato uddhaṃ aggamassā <a name="P1.0158"></a> atthīti <span class="bld">uddhaggikā.</span> Saggaṃ arahatīti <span class="bld">sovaggikā.</span> Sukho vipāko assāti <span class="bld">sukhavipākā.</span> Suṭṭhu agge rūpasaddagandharasaphoṭṭhabbaāyuvaṇṇasukhayasaādhipateyyasaṅkhāte dasa dhamme saṃvatteti nibbattetīti <span class="bld">saggasaṃvattanikā.</span> Taṃ evarūpaṃ dakkhiṇaṃ dānaṃ patiṭṭhapentīti attho. <span class="bld">Sāmaññaphala</span>nti ettha paramatthato maggo sāmaññaṃ. Ariyaphalaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ. Yathāha – ‘‘katamañca, bhikkhave, sāmaññaṃ? Ayameva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo. Seyyathidaṃ, sammādiṭṭhi…pe… sammāsamādhi. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, sāmaññaṃ. Katamāni ca, bhikkhave, sāmaññaphalāni? Sotāpattiphalaṃ…pe… arahattaphala’’nti (saṃ. ni. 5.35). Taṃ esa rājā na jānāti. Upari āgataṃ pana dāsakassakopamaṃ sandhāya pucchati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha bhagavā pañhaṃ avissajjetvāva cintesi – ‘‘ime bahū aññatitthiyasāvakā rājāmaccā idhāgatā, te kaṇhapakkhañca sukkapakkhañca dīpetvā kathīyamāne amhākaṃ rājā mahantena <a name="V1.0132"></a> ussāhena idhāgato, tassāgatakālato paṭṭhāya samaṇo gotamo samaṇakolāhalaṃ samaṇabhaṇḍanameva <a name="M1.0144"></a> kathetīti ujjhāyissanti, na sakkaccaṃ dhammaṃ sossanti, raññā pana kathīyamāne ujjhāyituṃ na sakkhissanti, rājānameva anuvattissanti. Issarānuvattako hi loko. ‘Handāhaṃ raññova bhāraṃ karomī’ti rañño bhāraṃ karonto <span class="bld">‘‘abhijānāsi no tva’’</span>ntiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para164"></a><a name="para164_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">164</span>. Tattha <span class="bld">abhijānāsi no tva</span>nti abhijānāsi nu tvaṃ. Ayañca no-saddo parato pucchitāti padena yojetabbo. Idañhi vuttaṃ hoti – ‘‘mahārāja, tvaṃ imaṃ pañhaṃ aññe samaṇabrāhmaṇe pucchitā nu, abhijānāsi ca naṃ puṭṭhabhāvaṃ, na te sammuṭṭha’’nti. <span class="bld">Sace te agarū</span>ti sace tuyhaṃ yathā <a name="P1.0159"></a> te byākariṃsu, tathā idha bhāsituṃ bhāriyaṃ na hoti, yadi na koci aphāsukabhāvo atthi, bhāsassūti attho. <span class="bld">Na kho me bhante</span>ti kiṃ sandhāyāha? Paṇḍitapatirūpakānañhi santike kathetuṃ dukkhaṃ hoti, te pade pade akkhare akkhare dosameva vadanti. Ekantapaṇḍitā pana kathaṃ sutvā sukathitaṃ pasaṃsanti, dukkathitesu pāḷipadaatthabyañjanesu yaṃ yaṃ virujjhati, taṃ taṃ ujukaṃ katvā denti. Bhagavatā ca sadiso ekantapaṇḍito nāma natthi. Tenāha – ‘‘na kho me, bhante, garu; yatthassa bhagavā nisinno bhagavantarūpo vā’’ti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Pūraṇakassapavādavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para165"></a><a name="para165_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">165</span>. <span class="bld">Ekamidāha</span>nti ekaṃ idha ahaṃ. <span class="bld">Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā</span>ti sammodajanakaṃ saritabbayuttakaṃ kathaṃ pariyosāpetvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para166"></a><a name="para166_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">166</span>. <span class="bld">‘‘Karoto kho, mahārāja, kārayato’’</span>tiādīsu <span class="bld">karoto</span>ti sahatthā karontassa. <span class="bld">Kārayato</span>ti āṇattiyā kārentassa. <span class="bld">Chindato</span>ti paresaṃ hatthādīni chindantassa. <span class="bld">Pacato</span>ti pare daṇḍena pīḷentassa. <span class="bld">Socayato</span>ti parassa bhaṇḍaharaṇādīhi socayato. <span class="bld">Socāpayato</span>ti sokaṃ sayaṃ karontassapi parehi kārāpentassapi<a name="M1.0145"></a>. <span class="bld">Kilamato</span>ti āhārupacchedabandhanāgārappavesanādīhi sayaṃ kilamantassapi parehi kilamāpentassapi. <span class="bld">Phandato phandāpayato</span>ti paraṃ phandantaṃ phandanakāle sayampi phandato parampi phandāpayato. <span class="bld">Pāṇamatipātāpayato</span>ti pāṇaṃ hanantassapi hanāpentassapi. Evaṃ sabbattha karaṇakāraṇavaseneva attho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sandhi</span>nti <a name="V1.0133"></a> gharasandhiṃ. <span class="bld">Nillopa</span>nti mahāvilopaṃ. <span class="bld">Ekāgārika</span>nti ekameva gharaṃ parivāretvā viluppanaṃ. <span class="bld">Paripanthe</span>ti āgatāgatānaṃ acchindanatthaṃ magge tiṭṭhato. <span class="bld">Karoto na karīyati pāpa</span>nti yaṃ kiñci pāpaṃ karomīti saññāya karotopi pāpaṃ na karīyati, natthi pāpaṃ. Sattā pana pāpaṃ karomāti evaṃsaññino hontīti dīpeti. <span class="bld">Khurapariyantenā</span>ti <a name="P1.0160"></a> khuraneminā, khuradhārasadisapariyantena vā. <span class="bld">Ekaṃ maṃsakhala</span>nti ekaṃ maṃsarāsiṃ. <span class="bld">Puñja</span>nti tasseva vevacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Tatonidāna</span>nti ekamaṃsakhalakaraṇanidānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dakkhiṇa</span>nti dakkhiṇatīre manussā kakkhaḷā dāruṇā, te sandhāya ‘‘hananto’’tiādimāha. Uttaratīre sattā saddhā honti pasannā buddhamāmakā dhammamāmakā saṅghamāmakā, te sandhāya dadantotiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">yajanto</span>ti mahāyāgaṃ karonto. <span class="bld">Damenā</span>ti indriyadamena uposathakammena vā. <span class="bld">Saṃyamenā</span>ti sīlasaṃyamena. <span class="bld">Saccavajjenā</span>ti saccavacanena. <span class="bld">Āgamo</span>ti āgamanaṃ, pavattīti attho. Sabbathāpi pāpapuññānaṃ kiriyameva paṭikkhipati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ambaṃ puṭṭho labujaṃ byākaroti nāma, yo kīdiso ambo kīdisāni vā ambassa khandhapaṇṇapupphaphalānīti vutte ediso labujo edisāni vā labujassa khandhapaṇṇapupphaphalānīti byākaroti. <span class="bld">Vijite</span>ti āṇāpavattidese. <span class="bld">Apasādetabba</span>nti viheṭhetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Anabhinanditvā</span>ti ‘‘sādhu sādhū’’ti evaṃ pasaṃsaṃ akatvā. <span class="bld">Appaṭikkositvā</span>ti bāladubbhāsitaṃ tayā bhāsitanti evaṃ appaṭibāhitvā. <span class="bld">Anuggaṇhanto</span>ti sārato aggaṇhanto. <span class="bld">Anikkujjanto</span>ti sāravaseneva idaṃ nissaraṇaṃ, ayaṃ paramatthoti hadaye aṭṭhapento. Byañjanaṃ pana tena uggahitañceva nikkujjitañca.</p>
<p class="subhead">Makkhaligosālavādavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para167-169"></a><a name="para167-169_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">167-169</span>. Makkhalivāde <a name="M1.0146"></a> paccayoti hetuvevacanameva, ubhayenāpi vijjamānameva kāyaduccaritādīnaṃ saṃkilesapaccayaṃ, kāyasucaritādīnañca visuddhipaccayaṃ paṭikkhipati. <span class="bld">Attakāre</span>ti attakāro. Yena attanā katakammena ime sattā <a name="P1.0161"></a> devattampi mārattampi brahmattampi sāvakabodhimpi paccekabodhimpi sabbaññutampi pāpuṇanti, tampi paṭikkhipati. Dutiyapadena yaṃ parakāraṃ parassa ovādānusāsaniṃ nissāya ṭhapetvā mahāsattaṃ avaseso jano manussasobhagyataṃ ādiṃ katvā yāva arahattaṃ pāpuṇāti, taṃ parakāraṃ paṭikkhipati. Evamayaṃ bālo jinacakke pahāraṃ deti nāma. <span class="bld">Natthi purisakāre</span>ti yena purisakārena sattā vuttappakārā sampattiyo pāpuṇanti<a name="V1.0134"></a>, tampi paṭikkhipati. <span class="bld">Natthi bala</span>nti yamhi attano bale patiṭṭhitā sattā vīriyaṃ katvā tā sampattiyo pāpuṇanti, taṃ balaṃ paṭikkhipati. <span class="bld">Natthi vīriya</span>ntiādīni sabbāni purisakāravevacanāneva. ‘‘Idaṃ no vīriyena idaṃ purisathāmena, idaṃ purisaparakkamena pavatta’’nti evaṃ pavattavacanapaṭikkhepakaraṇavasena panetāni visuṃ ādiyanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbe sattā</span>ti oṭṭhagoṇagadrabhādayo anavasese pariggaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Sabbe pāṇā</span>ti ekindriyo pāṇo, dvindriyo pāṇotiādivasena vadati. <span class="bld">Sabbe bhūtā</span>ti aṇḍakosavatthikosesu bhūte sandhāya vadati. <span class="bld">Sabbe jīvā</span>ti sāliyavagodhumādayo sandhāya vadati. Tesu hi so virūhanabhāvena jīvasaññī. <span class="bld">Avasā abalā avīriyā</span>ti tesaṃ attano vaso vā balaṃ vā vīriyaṃ vā natthi. <span class="bld">Niyatisaṅgatibhāvapariṇatā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">niyatī</span>ti niyatā. <span class="bld">Saṅgatī</span>ti channaṃ abhijātīnaṃ tattha tattha gamanaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhāvo</span>ti sabhāvoyeva. Evaṃ niyatiyā ca saṅgatiyā ca bhāvena ca pariṇatā nānappakārataṃ pattā. Yena hi yathā bhavitabbaṃ, so tatheva bhavati. Yena na bhavitabbaṃ, so na bhavatīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Chasvevābhijātīsū</span>ti chasu eva abhijātīsu ṭhatvā sukhañca dukkhañca paṭisaṃvedenti. Aññā sukhadukkhabhūmi natthīti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yonipamukhasatasahassānī</span>ti pamukhayonīnaṃ uttamayonīnaṃ <a name="P1.0162"></a> cuddasasatasahassāni aññāni ca saṭṭhisatāni aññāni ca chasatāni. <span class="bld">Pañca ca kammuno</span> <a name="M1.0147"></a> <span class="bld">satānī</span>ti pañcakammasatāni ca. Kevalaṃ takkamattakena niratthakaṃ diṭṭhiṃ dīpeti. Pañca ca kammāni tīṇi ca kammānītiādīsupi eseva nayo. Keci panāhu – ‘‘pañca ca kammānīti pañcindriyavasena bhaṇati. Tīṇīti kāyakammādivasenā’’ti. <span class="bld">Kamme ca upaḍḍhakamme cā</span>ti ettha panassa kāyakammañca vacīkammañca kammanti laddhi, manokammaṃ upaḍḍhakammanti. <span class="bld">Dvaṭṭhipaṭipadā</span>ti dvāsaṭṭhi paṭipadāti vadati. <span class="bld">Dvaṭṭhantarakappā</span>ti ekasmiṃ kappe catusaṭṭhi antarakappā nāma honti. Ayaṃ pana aññe dve ajānanto evamāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Chaḷābhijātiyo</span>ti kaṇhābhijāti, nīlābhijāti, lohitābhijāti, haliddābhijāti, sukkābhijāti, paramasukkābhijātīti imā cha abhijātiyo vadati. Tattha orabbhikā, sākuṇikā, māgavikā, sūkarikā, luddā, macchaghātakā corā, coraghātakā, bandhanāgārikā, ye vā panaññepi keci kurūrakammantā, ayaṃ kaṇhābhijātīti (a. ni. 6.57) vadati. Bhikkhū nīlābhijātīti vadati, te kira catūsu paccayesu kaṇṭake pakkhipitvā khādanti. ‘‘Bhikkhū kaṇṭakavuttikā’’ti (a. ni. 6.57) ayañhissa pāḷiyeva. Atha vā <a name="V1.0135"></a> kaṇṭakavuttikā eva nāma eke pabbajitāti vadati. Lohitābhijāti nāma nigaṇṭhā ekasāṭakāti vadati. Ime kira purimehi dvīhi paṇḍaratarā. Gihī odātavasanā acelakasāvakā haliddābhijātīti vadati. Evaṃ attano paccayadāyake nigaṇṭhehipi jeṭṭhakatare karoti. Ājīvakā ājīvakiniyo sukkābhijātīti vadati. Te kira purimehi catūhi paṇḍaratarā. Nando, vaccho, kiso, saṅkiccho, makkhaligosālo, paramasukkābhijātīti (a. ni. 6.57) vadati. Te kira sabbehi paṇḍaratarā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aṭṭha purisabhūmiyo</span>ti mandabhūmi, khiḍḍābhūmi, padavīmaṃsabhūmi, ujugatabhūmi, sekkhabhūmi, samaṇabhūmi<a name="P1.0163"></a>, jinabhūmi, pannabhūmīti imā aṭṭha purisabhūmiyoti vadati. Tattha jātadivasato paṭṭhāya sattadivase sambādhaṭṭhānato nikkhantattā sattā mandā honti momūhā, ayaṃ mandabhūmīti vadati. Ye pana duggatito āgatā honti, te abhiṇhaṃ rodanti ceva viravanti ca, sugatito āgatā taṃ anussaritvā hasanti, ayaṃ khiḍḍābhūmi nāma. Mātāpitūnaṃ hatthaṃ vā pādaṃ vā mañcaṃ vā pīṭhaṃ vā gahetvā bhūmiyaṃ padanikkhipanaṃ padavīmaṃsabhūmi nāma. Padasā gantuṃ samatthakāle ujugatabhūmi nāma. Sippāni sikkhitakāle <a name="M1.0148"></a> sekkhabhūmi nāma. Gharā nikkhamma pabbajitakāle samaṇabhūmi nāma. Ācariyaṃ sevitvā jānanakāle jinabhūmi nāma. Bhikkhu ca pannako jino na kiñci āhāti evaṃ alābhiṃ samaṇaṃ pannabhūmīti vadati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekūnapaññāsa ājīvakasate</span>ti ekūnapaññāsaājīvakavuttisatāni. <span class="bld">Paribbājakasate</span>ti paribbājakapabbajjāsatāni. <span class="bld">Nāgāvāsasate</span>ti nāgamaṇḍalasatāni. <span class="bld">Vīse indriyasate</span>ti vīsatindriyasatāni. <span class="bld">Tiṃse nirayasate</span>ti tiṃsa nirayasatāni. <span class="bld">Rajodhātuyo</span>ti rajaokiraṇaṭṭhānāni, hatthapiṭṭhipādapiṭṭhādīni sandhāya vadati. <span class="bld">Satta saññīgabbhā</span>ti oṭṭhagoṇagadrabhaajapasumigamahiṃse sandhāya vadati. <span class="bld">Satta asaññīgabbhā</span>ti sālivīhiyavagodhūmakaṅguvarakakudrūsake sandhāya vadati. <span class="bld">Nigaṇṭhigabbhā</span>ti gaṇṭhimhi jātagabbhā, ucchuveḷunaḷādayo sandhāya vadati. <span class="bld">Satta devā</span>ti bahū devā. So pana sattāti vadati. Manussāpi anantā, so sattāti vadati. <span class="bld">Satta</span> <a name="P1.0164"></a> <span class="bld">pisācā</span>ti pisācā mahantamahantā sattāti vadati. <span class="bld">Sarā</span>ti mahāsarā, kaṇṇamuṇḍarathakāraanotattasīhappapātachaddantamandākinīkuṇāladahe gahetvā vadati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pavuṭā</span>ti gaṇṭhikā. <span class="bld">Papātā</span>ti mahāpapātā. <span class="bld">Papātasatānī</span>ti khuddakapapātasatāni. <span class="bld">Supinā</span>ti mahāsupinā. <span class="bld">Supinasatānī</span>ti khuddakasupinasatāni. <span class="bld">Mahākappino</span>ti mahākappānaṃ. Tattha <a name="V1.0136"></a> ekamhā mahāsarā vassasate vassasate kusaggena ekaṃ udakabinduṃ nīharitvā sattakkhattuṃ tamhi sare nirudake kate eko mahākappoti vadati. Evarūpānaṃ mahākappānaṃ caturāsītisatasahassāni khepetvā bāle ca paṇḍite ca dukkhassantaṃ karontīti ayamassa laddhi. Paṇḍitopi kira antarā visujjhituṃ na sakkoti. Bālopi tato uddhaṃ na gacchati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sīlenā</span>ti acelakasīlena vā aññena vā yena kenaci. <span class="bld">Vatenā</span>ti tādiseneva vatena. <span class="bld">Tapenā</span>ti tapokammena. Aparipakkaṃ paripāceti nāma, yo ‘‘ahaṃ paṇḍito’’ti antarā visujjhati. Paripakkaṃ phussa phussa byantiṃ karoti nāma yo ‘‘ahaṃ bālo’’ti vuttaparimāṇaṃ kālaṃ atikkamitvā yāti. <span class="bld">Hevaṃ natthī</span>ti evaṃ natthi. Tañhi ubhayampi na sakkā <a name="M1.0149"></a> kātunti dīpeti. <span class="bld">Doṇamite</span>ti doṇena mitaṃ viya. <span class="bld">Sukhadukkhe</span>ti sukhadukkhaṃ. <span class="bld">Pariyantakate</span>ti vuttaparimāṇena kālena katapariyante. <span class="bld">Natthi</span> <a name="P1.0165"></a> <span class="bld">hāyanavaḍḍhane</span>ti natthi hāyanavaḍḍhanāni. Na saṃsāro paṇḍitassa hāyati, na bālassa vaḍḍhatīti attho. <span class="bld">Ukkaṃsāvakaṃse</span>ti ukkaṃsāvakaṃsā. Hāyanavaḍḍhanānametaṃ adhivacanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni tamatthaṃ upamāya sādhento ‘‘seyyathāpi nāmā’’tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">suttaguḷe</span>ti veṭhetvā katasuttaguḷe. <span class="bld">Nibbeṭhiyamānameva paletī</span>ti pabbate vā rukkhagge vā ṭhatvā khittaṃ suttappamāṇena nibbeṭhiyamānameva gacchati, sutte khīṇe tattheva tiṭṭhati, na gacchati. Evameva vuttakālato uddhaṃ na gacchatīti dasseti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Ajitakesakambalavādavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para170-172"></a><a name="para170-172_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">170-172</span>. Ajitavāde <span class="bld">natthi dinna</span>nti dinnaphalābhāvaṃ sandhāya vadati. Yiṭṭhaṃ vuccati mahāyāgo. <span class="bld">Huta</span>nti paheṇakasakkāro adhippeto. Tampi ubhayaṃ phalābhāvameva sandhāya paṭikkhipati. <span class="bld">Sukatadukkaṭāna</span>nti sukatadukkaṭānaṃ, kusalākusalānanti attho. <span class="bld">Phalaṃ vipāko</span>ti yaṃ phalanti vā vipākoti vā vuccati, taṃ natthīti vadati. <span class="bld">Natthi ayaṃ loko</span>ti paraloke ṭhitassa ayaṃ loko natthi, <span class="bld">natthi paro loko</span>ti idha loke ṭhitassāpi paro loko natthi, sabbe tattha tattheva ucchijjantīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Natthi mātā natthi pitā</span>ti tesu sammāpaṭipattimicchāpaṭipattīnaṃ phalābhāvavasena vadati. <span class="bld">Natthi sattā opapātikā</span>ti cavitvā upapajjanakā sattā nāma natthīti vadati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cātumahābhūtiko</span>ti <a name="V1.0137"></a> catumahābhūtamayo. <span class="bld">Pathavī pathavikāya</span>nti ajjhattikapathavīdhātu bāhirapathavīdhātuṃ. <span class="bld">Anupetī</span>ti anuyāyati. <span class="bld">Anupagacchatī</span>ti tasseva vevacanaṃ. Anugacchatītipi attho. Ubhayenāpi upeti, upagacchatīti dasseti. Āpādīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Indriyānī</span>ti <a name="P1.0166"></a> manacchaṭṭhāni indriyāni ākāsaṃ pakkhandanti. <span class="bld">Āsandipañcamā</span>ti nipannamañcena pañcamā, mañco ceva cattāro mañcapāde gahetvā ṭhitā cattāro purisā cāti attho. <span class="bld">Yāvāḷāhanā</span>ti yāva susānā. <span class="bld">Padānī</span>ti ‘ayaṃ evaṃ sīlavā <a name="M1.0150"></a> ahosi, evaṃ dussīlo’tiādinā nayena pavattāni guṇāguṇapadāni, sarīrameva vā ettha padānīti adhippetaṃ. <span class="bld">Kāpotakānī</span>ti kapotavaṇṇāni, pārāvatapakkhavaṇṇānīti attho. <span class="bld">Bhassantā</span>ti bhasmantā, ayameva vā pāḷi. <span class="bld">Āhutiyo</span>ti yaṃ paheṇakasakkārādibhedaṃ dinnadānaṃ, sabbaṃ taṃ chārikāvasānameva hoti, na tato paraṃ phaladāyakaṃ hutvā gacchatīti attho. <span class="bld">Dattupaññatta</span>nti dattūhi bālamanussehi paññattaṃ. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – ‘bālehi abuddhīhi paññattamidaṃ dānaṃ, na paṇḍitehi. Bālā denti, paṇḍitā gaṇhantī’ti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha pūraṇo ‘‘karoto na karīyati pāpa’’nti vadanto kammaṃ paṭibāhati. Ajito ‘‘kāyassa bhedā ucchijjatī’’ti vadanto vipākaṃ paṭibāhati. Makkhali ‘‘natthi hetū’’ti vadanto ubhayaṃ paṭibāhati. Tattha kammaṃ paṭibāhantenāpi vipāko paṭibāhito hoti, vipākaṃ paṭibāhantenāpi kammaṃ paṭibāhitaṃ hoti. Iti sabbepete atthato ubhayappaṭibāhakā ahetukavādā ceva akiriyavādā ca natthikavādā ca honti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ye vā pana tesaṃ laddhiṃ gahetvā rattiṭṭhāne divāṭhāne nisinnā sajjhāyanti vīmaṃsanti, tesaṃ ‘‘karoto na karīyati pāpaṃ, natthi hetu, natthi paccayo, mato ucchijjatī’’ti tasmiṃ ārammaṇe micchāsati santiṭṭhati, cittaṃ ekaggaṃ hoti, javanāni javanti, paṭhamajavane satekicchā honti, tathā dutiyādīsu, sattame buddhānampi atekicchā anivattino ariṭṭhakaṇṭakasadisā. Tattha koci ekaṃ dassanaṃ okkamati, koci dve, koci tīṇipi, ekasmiṃ okkantepi, dvīsu <a name="P1.0167"></a> tīsu okkantesupi, niyatamicchādiṭṭhikova hoti; patto saggamaggāvaraṇañceva mokkhamaggāvaraṇañca, abhabbo tassattabhāvassa anantaraṃ saggampi gantuṃ, pageva mokkhaṃ. Vaṭṭakhāṇu nāmesa satto pathavigopako, yebhuyyena evarūpassa bhavato vuṭṭhānaṃ natthi.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Tasmā <a name="V1.0138"></a> akalyāṇajanaṃ, āsīvisamivoragaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Ārakā parivajjeyya, bhūtikāmo vicakkhaṇo’’ti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Pakudhakaccāyanavādavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para173-175"></a><a name="para173-175_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">173-175</span>. Pakudhavāde <a name="M1.0151"></a> <span class="bld">akaṭā</span>ti akatā. <span class="bld">Akaṭavidhā</span>ti akatavidhānā. <span class="bld">Evaṃ karohī</span>ti kenaci kārāpitāpi na hontīti attho. <span class="bld">Animmitā</span>ti iddhiyāpi na nimmitā. <span class="bld">Animmātā</span>ti animmāpitā, keci animmāpetabbāti padaṃ vadanti, taṃ neva pāḷiyaṃ, na aṭṭhakathāyaṃ dissati. Vañjhādipadattayaṃ vuttatthameva. <span class="bld">Na iñjantī</span>ti esikatthambho viya ṭhitattā na calanti. <span class="bld">Na vipariṇamantī</span>ti pakatiṃ na jahanti. <span class="bld">Na aññamaññaṃ byābādhentī</span>ti na aññamaññaṃ upahananti. <span class="bld">Nāla</span>nti na samatthā. <span class="bld">Pathavikāyo</span>tiādīsu pathavīyeva pathavikāyo, pathavisamūho vā. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti tesu jīvasattamesu kāyesu. <span class="bld">Sattannaṃ tveva kāyāna</span>nti yathā muggarāsiādīsu pahataṃ satthaṃ muggādīnaṃ antarena pavisati, evaṃ sattannaṃ kāyānaṃ antarena chiddena vivarena satthaṃ pavisati. Tattha ahaṃ imaṃ jīvitā voropemīti kevalaṃ saññāmattameva hotīti dasseti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Nigaṇṭhanāṭaputtavādavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para176-178"></a><a name="para176-178_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">176-178</span>. Nāṭaputtavāde <span class="bld">cātuyāmasaṃvarasaṃvuto</span>ti catukoṭṭhāsena saṃvarena saṃvuto. <span class="bld">Sabbavārivārito</span> <a name="P1.0168"></a> <span class="bld">cā</span>ti vāritasabbaudako paṭikkhittasabbasītodakoti attho. So kira sītodake sattasaññī hoti, tasmā na taṃ vaḷañjeti. <span class="bld">Sabbavāriyutto</span>ti sabbena pāpavāraṇena yutto. <span class="bld">Sabbavāridhuto</span>ti sabbena pāpavāraṇena dhutapāpo. <span class="bld">Sabbavāriphuṭo</span>ti sabbena pāpavāraṇena phuṭṭho. <span class="bld">Gatatto</span>ti koṭippattacitto. <span class="bld">Yatatto</span>ti saṃyatacitto. <span class="bld">Ṭhitatto</span>ti suppatiṭṭhitacitto. Etassa vāde kiñci sāsanānulomampi atthi, asuddhaladdhitāya pana sabbā diṭṭhiyeva jātā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Sañcayabelaṭṭhaputtavādavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para179-181"></a><a name="para179-181_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">179-181</span>. Sañcayavādo amarāvikkhepe vuttanayo eva.</p>
<p class="subhead">Paṭhamasandiṭṭhikasāmaññaphalavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para182"></a><a name="para182_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">182</span>. <span class="bld">Sohaṃ</span><a name="V1.0139"></a><a name="M1.0152"></a>, <span class="bld">bhante</span>ti so ahaṃ bhante, vālukaṃ pīḷetvā telaṃ alabhamāno viya titthiyavādesu sāraṃ alabhanto bhagavantaṃ pucchāmīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para183"></a><a name="para183_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">183</span>. <span class="bld">Yathā te khameyyā</span>ti yathā te rucceyya. <span class="bld">Dāso</span>ti antojātadhanakkītakaramarānītasāmaṃdāsabyopagatānaṃ aññataro. <span class="bld">Kammakāro</span>ti analaso kammakaraṇasīloyeva. Dūrato disvā paṭhamameva uṭṭhahatīti <span class="bld">pubbuṭṭhāyī.</span> Evaṃ uṭṭhito sāmino āsanaṃ paññapetvā pādadhovanādikattabbakiccaṃ katvā pacchā nipatati nisīdatīti <span class="bld">pacchānipātī.</span> Sāmikamhi vā sayanato avuṭṭhite pubbeyeva vuṭṭhātīti <span class="bld">pubbuṭṭhāyī.</span> Paccūsakālato paṭṭhāya yāva sāmino rattiṃ niddokkamanaṃ, tāva sabbakiccāni katvā pacchā nipatati, seyyaṃ kappetīti <span class="bld">pacchānipātī.</span> Kiṃ karomi, kiṃ karomīti evaṃ kiṃkārameva paṭisuṇanto vicaratīti <span class="bld">kiṃ kārapaṭissāvī.</span> Manāpameva kiriyaṃ karotīti <span class="bld">manāpacārī.</span> Piyameva vadatīti <span class="bld">piyavādī.</span> Sāmino tuṭṭhapahaṭṭhaṃ mukhaṃ ullokayamāno vicaratīti <span class="bld">mukhullokako.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Devo maññe</span>ti devo viya. <span class="bld">So</span> <a name="P1.0169"></a> <span class="bld">vatassāhaṃ puññāni kareyya</span>nti so vata ahaṃ evarūpo assaṃ, yadi puññāni kareyyanti attho. ‘‘So vatassa’ssa’’ntipi pāṭho, ayamevattho. <span class="bld">Yaṃnūnāha</span>nti sace dānaṃ dassāmi, yaṃ rājā ekadivasaṃ deti, tato satabhāgampi yāvajīvaṃ na sakkhissāmi dātunti pabbajjāyaṃ ussāhaṃ katvā evaṃ cintanabhāvaṃ dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāyena saṃvuto</span>ti kāyena pihito hutvā akusalassa pavesanadvāraṃ thaketvāti attho. Eseva nayo sesapadadvayepi. <span class="bld">Ghāsacchādanaparamatāyā</span>ti ghāsacchādanena paramatāya uttamatāya, etadatthampi anesanaṃ pahāya aggasallekhena santuṭṭhoti attho. <span class="bld">Abhirato paviveke</span>ti ‘‘kāyaviveko ca vivekaṭṭhakāyānaṃ, cittaviveko ca nekkhammābhiratānaṃ, paramavodānappattānaṃ upadhiviveko ca nirupadhīnaṃ puggalānaṃ visaṅkhāragatāna’’nti evaṃ vutte tividhepi viveke rato; gaṇasaṅgaṇikaṃ <a name="M1.0153"></a> pahāya kāyena eko viharati, cittakilesasaṅgaṇikaṃ pahāya aṭṭhasamāpattivasena eko viharati, phalasamāpattiṃ vā nirodhasamāpattiṃ vā pavisitvā nibbānaṃ patvā viharatīti attho. <span class="bld">Yagghe</span>ti codanatthe nipāto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para184"></a><a name="para184_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">184</span>. <span class="bld">Āsanenapi</span> <a name="V1.0140"></a> <span class="bld">nimanteyyāmā</span>ti nisinnāsanaṃ papphoṭetvā idha nisīdathāti vadeyyāma. <span class="bld">Abhinimanteyyāmapi na</span>nti abhiharitvāpi naṃ nimanteyyāma. Tattha duvidho abhihāro – vācāya ceva kāyena ca. Tumhākaṃ icchiticchitakkhaṇe amhākaṃ cīvarādīhi vadeyyātha yenatthoti vadanto hi vācāya abhiharitvā nimanteti nāma. Cīvarādivekallaṃ sallakkhetvā idaṃ gaṇhāthāti tāni dento pana kāyena abhiharitvā nimanteti nāma. Tadubhayampi sandhāya abhinimanteyyāmapi <a name="P1.0170"></a> nanti āha. Ettha ca <span class="bld">gilānapaccayabhesajjaparikkhāro</span>ti yaṃ kiñci gilānassa sappāyaṃ osadhaṃ. Vacanattho pana visuddhimagge vutto. <span class="bld">Rakkhāvaraṇagutti</span>nti rakkhāsaṅkhātañceva āvaraṇasaṅkhātañca guttiṃ. Sā panesā na āvudhahatthe purise ṭhapentena dhammikā nāma saṃvidahitā hoti. Yathā pana avelāya kaṭṭhahārikapaṇṇahārikādayo vihāraṃ na pavisanti, migaluddakādayo vihārasīmāya mige vā macche vā na gaṇhanti, evaṃ saṃvidahantena dhammikā nāma rakkhā saṃvihitā hoti, taṃ sandhāyāha – ‘‘dhammika’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para185"></a><a name="para185_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">185</span>. <span class="bld">Yadi evaṃ sante</span>ti yadi tava dāso tuyhaṃ santikā abhivādanādīni labheyya. Evaṃ sante. <span class="bld">Addhā</span>ti ekaṃsavacanametaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭhama</span>nti bhaṇanto aññassāpi atthitaṃ dīpeti. Teneva ca rājā <span class="bld">sakkā pana, bhante, aññampī</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="subhead">Dutiyasandiṭṭhikasāmaññaphalavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para186-188"></a><a name="para186-188_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">186-188</span>. Kasatīti <span class="bld">kassako.</span> Gehassa pati, ekagehamatte jeṭṭhakoti <span class="bld">gahapatiko.</span> Balisaṅkhātaṃ karaṃ karotīti <span class="bld">karakārako.</span> Dhaññarāsiṃ dhanarāsiñca vaḍḍhetīti <span class="bld">rāsivaḍḍhako.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Appaṃ</span> <a name="M1.0154"></a> <span class="bld">vā</span>ti parittakaṃ vā antamaso taṇḍulanāḷimattakampi. <span class="bld">Bhogakkhandha</span>nti bhogarāsiṃ. <span class="bld">Mahantaṃ vā</span>ti vipulaṃ vā. Yathā hi mahantaṃ pahāya pabbajituṃ dukkaraṃ, evaṃ appampīti dassanatthaṃ ubhayamāha. Dāsavāre pana yasmā dāso attanopi anissaro, pageva bhogānaṃ. Yañhi tassa dhanaṃ, taṃ sāmikānaññeva hoti, tasmā bhogaggahaṇaṃ na kataṃ. Ñātiyeva ñātiparivaṭṭo.</p>
<p class="subhead">Paṇītatarasāmaññaphalavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para189"></a><a name="para189_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">189</span>. <span class="bld">Sakkā pana, bhante, aññampi diṭṭheva dhamme</span>ti idha evamevāti na vuttaṃ. Taṃ kasmāti <a name="V1.0141"></a> ce, evamevāti hi vuccamāne pahoti bhagavā sakalampi rattindivaṃ tato vā bhiyyopi evarūpāhi upamāhi sāmaññaphalaṃ dīpetuṃ. Tattha kiñcāpi etassa bhagavato vacanasavane pariyantaṃ nāma natthi, tathāpi attho tādisoyeva bhavissatīti cintetvā <a name="P1.0171"></a> upari visesaṃ pucchanto evamevāti avatvā – ‘‘abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañcā’’ti āha. Tattha <span class="bld">abhikkantatara</span>nti abhimanāpataraṃ atiseṭṭhataranti attho. <span class="bld">Paṇītatara</span>nti uttamataraṃ. <span class="bld">Tena hī</span>ti uyyojanatthe nipāto. Savane uyyojento hi naṃ evamāha. <span class="bld">Suṇohī</span>ti abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca sāmaññaphalaṃ suṇāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sādhukaṃ manasikarohī</span>ti ettha pana sādhukaṃ sādhūti ekatthametaṃ. Ayañhi sādhu-saddo āyācanasampaṭicchanasampahaṃsanasundara daḷhīkammādīsu dissati. ‘‘Sādhu me, bhante, bhagavā saṅkhittena dhammaṃ desetū’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 4.95) hi āyācane dissati. ‘‘Sādhu, bhanteti kho so bhikkhu bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 3.86) sampaṭicchane. ‘‘Sādhu sādhu, sāriputtā’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 3.349) sampahaṃsane.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Sādhu dhammaruci rājā, sādhu paññāṇavā naro;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sādhu mittānamaddubbho, pāpassākaraṇaṃ sukha’’nti. (jā. 2.17.101);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ādīsu sundare. ‘‘Tena hi, brāhmaṇa, suṇohi sādhukaṃ manasi karohī’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 5.192) sādhukasaddoyeva daḷhīkamme, āṇattiyantipi vuccati<a name="M1.0155"></a>. Idhāpi assa ettheva daḷhīkamme ca āṇattiyañca veditabbo. Sundarepi vaṭṭati. Daḷhīkammatthena hi daḷhamimaṃ dhammaṃ suṇāhi, suggahitaṃ gaṇhanto. Āṇattiatthena mama āṇattiyā suṇāhi, sundaratthena sundaramimaṃ bhaddakaṃ dhammaṃ suṇāhīti evaṃ dīpitaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Manasi karohī</span>ti āvajja, samannāharāti attho, avikkhittacitto hutvā nisāmehi, citte karohīti adhippāyo. Api cettha suṇohīti sotindriyavikkhepanivāraṇametaṃ. Sādhukaṃ manasi karohīti manasikāre daḷhīkammaniyojanena manindriyavikkhepanivāraṇaṃ. Purimañcettha byañjanavipallāsaggāhavāraṇaṃ, pacchimaṃ atthavipallāsaggāhavāraṇaṃ. Purimena ca dhammassavane niyojeti, pacchimena sutānaṃ dhammānaṃ dhāraṇūpaparikkhādīsu. Purimena ca sabyañjano ayaṃ dhammo, tasmā savanīyoti dīpeti<a name="P1.0172"></a>. Pacchimena sattho, tasmā sādhukaṃ manasi kātabboti. Sādhukapadaṃ <a name="V1.0142"></a> vā ubhayapadehi yojetvā yasmā ayaṃ dhammo dhammagambhīro ceva desanāgambhīro ca, tasmā suṇāhi sādhukaṃ, yasmā atthagambhīro ca paṭivedhagambhīro ca, tasmā sādhukaṃ manasi karohīti evaṃ yojanā veditabbā. <span class="bld">Bhāsissāmī</span>ti sakkā mahārājāti evaṃ paṭiññātaṃ sāmaññaphaladesanaṃ vitthārato bhāsissāmi. ‘‘Desessāmī’’ti hi saṅkhittadīpanaṃ hoti. Bhāsissāmīti vitthāradīpanaṃ. Tenāha vaṅgīsatthero –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Saṅkhittenapi deseti, vitthārenapi bhāsati;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sāḷikāyiva nigghoso, paṭibhānaṃ udīrayī’’ti. (saṃ. ni. 1.214);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ vutte ussāhajāto hutvā – <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto bhagavato paccassosi</span> bhagavato vacanaṃ sampaṭicchi, paṭiggahesīti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para190"></a><a name="para190_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">190</span>. Athassa bhagavā etadavoca, etaṃ avoca, idāni vattabbaṃ ‘‘idha mahārājā’’tiādiṃ sakalaṃ suttaṃ avocāti attho. Tattha <span class="bld">idhā</span>ti desāpadese nipāto, svāyaṃ katthaci lokaṃ upādāya vuccati. Yathāha – ‘‘idha tathāgato loke uppajjatī’’ti. Katthaci sāsanaṃ yathāha <a name="M1.0156"></a> – ‘‘idheva, bhikkhave, paṭhamo samaṇo, idha dutiyo samaṇo’’ti (a. ni. 4.241). Katthaci okāsaṃ. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Idheva tiṭṭhamānassa, devabhūtassa me sato;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Punarāyu ca me laddho, evaṃ jānāhi mārisā’’ti. (dī. ni. 2.369);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Katthaci padapūraṇamattameva. Yathāha ‘‘idhāhaṃ, bhikkhave, bhuttāvī assaṃ pavārito’’ti (ma. ni. 1.30). Idha pana lokaṃ upādāya vuttoti veditabbo. <span class="bld">Mahārājā</span>ti yathā paṭiññātaṃ desanaṃ desetuṃ puna mahārājāti ālapati. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – ‘‘mahārāja imasmiṃ loke <a name="P1.0173"></a> tathāgato uppajjati arahaṃ…pe… buddho bhagavā’’ti. Tattha tathāgatasaddo brahmajāle vutto. Arahantiādayo visuddhimagge vitthāritā. <span class="bld">Loke uppajjatī</span>ti ettha pana <span class="bld">loko</span>ti – okāsaloko sattaloko saṅkhāralokoti tividho. Idha pana sattaloko adhippeto. Sattaloke uppajjamānopi ca tathāgato na devaloke, na brahmaloke, manussalokeva uppajjati. Manussalokepi na aññasmiṃ cakkavāḷe, imasmiṃyeva cakkavāḷe. Tatrāpi na sabbaṭṭhānesu, ‘‘puratthimāya disāya gajaṅgalaṃ nāma nigamo tassāparena mahāsālo, tato parā paccantimā janapadā <a name="V1.0143"></a> orato majjhe, puratthimadakkhiṇāya disāya salaḷavatī nāma nadī. Tato parā paccantimā janapadā, orato majjhe, dakkhiṇāya disāya setakaṇṇikaṃ nāma nigamo, tato parā paccantimā janapadā, orato majjhe, pacchimāya disāya thūṇaṃ nāma brāhmaṇagāmo, tato parā paccantimā janapadā, orato majjhe, uttarāya disāya usiraddhajo nāma pabbato, tato parā paccantimā janapadā orato majjhe’’ti evaṃ paricchinne āyāmato tiyojanasate, vitthārato aḍḍhateyyayojanasate, parikkhepato navayojanasate majjhimapadese uppajjati. Na kevalañca tathāgato, paccekabuddhā, aggasāvakā, asītimahātherā, buddhamātā, buddhapitā, cakkavattī rājā aññe ca sārappattā brāhmaṇagahapatikā etthevuppajjanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="M1.0157"></a> tathāgato sujātāya dinnamadhupāyāsabhojanato yāva arahattamaggo, tāva uppajjati nāma, arahattaphale uppanno nāma. Mahābhinikkhamanato vā yāva arahattamaggo. Tusitabhavanato vā yāva arahattamaggo. Dīpaṅkarapādamūlato vā yāva arahattamaggo, tāva uppajjati nāma, arahattaphale <a name="P1.0174"></a> uppanno nāma. Idha sabbapaṭhamaṃ uppannabhāvaṃ sandhāya uppajjatīti vuttaṃ. Tathāgato loke uppanno hotīti ayañhettha attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">So imaṃ loka</span>nti so bhagavā imaṃ lokaṃ. Idāni vattabbaṃ nidasseti. <span class="bld">Sadevaka</span>nti saha devehi sadevakaṃ. Evaṃ saha mārena <span class="bld">samārakaṃ,</span> saha brahmunā <span class="bld">sabrahmakaṃ,</span> saha samaṇabrāhmaṇehi <span class="bld">sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiṃ.</span> Pajātattā pajā, taṃ pajaṃ. Saha devamanussehi <span class="bld">sadevamanussaṃ.</span> Tattha sadevakavacanena pañca kāmāvacaradevaggahaṇaṃ veditabbaṃ. Samāraka – vacanena chaṭṭhakāmāvacaradevaggahaṇaṃ. Sabrahmakavacanena brahmakāyikādibrahmaggahaṇaṃ. Sassamaṇabrāhmaṇīvacanena sāsanassa paccatthikapaccāmittasamaṇabrāhmaṇaggahaṇaṃ, samitapāpabāhitapāpasamaṇabrāhmaṇaggahaṇañca. Pajāvacanena sattalokaggahaṇaṃ. Sadevamanussavacanena sammutidevaavasesamanussaggahaṇaṃ. Evamettha tīhi padehi okāsalokena saddhiṃ sattaloko. Dvīhi pajāvasena sattalokova gahitoti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparo nayo, sadevakaggahaṇena arūpāvacaradevaloko gahito. Samārakaggahaṇena cha kāmāvacaradevaloko. Sabrahmakaggahaṇena rūpī brahmaloko. Sassamaṇabrāhmaṇādiggahaṇena catuparisavasena sammutidevehi vā saha manussaloko, avasesasabbasattaloko vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Api cettha sadevakavacanena ukkaṭṭhaparicchedato sabbassa lokassa sacchikatabhāvamāha. Tato <a name="V1.0144"></a> yesaṃ ahosi – ‘‘māro mahānubhāvo cha kāmāvacarissaro vasavattī, kiṃ sopi etena sacchikato’’ti, tesaṃ <a name="P1.0175"></a> vimatiṃ vidhamanto <span class="bld">‘‘samāraka’’</span>nti āha. Yesaṃ pana ahosi – ‘‘brahmā mahānubhāvo ekaṅguliyā ekasmiṃ cakkavāḷasahasse ālokaṃ pharati, dvīhi <a name="M1.0158"></a> …pe… dasahi aṅgulīhi dasasu cakkavāḷasahassesu ālokaṃ pharati. Anuttarañca jhānasamāpattisukhaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti, kiṃ sopi sacchikato’’ti, tesaṃ vimatiṃ vidhamanto <span class="bld">sabrahmaka</span>nti āha. Tato ye cintesuṃ – ‘‘puthū samaṇabrāhmaṇā sāsanassa paccatthikā, kiṃ tepi sacchikatā’’ti, tesaṃ vimatiṃ vidhamanto <span class="bld">sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiṃ paja</span>nti āha. Evaṃ ukkaṭṭhukkaṭṭhānaṃ sacchikatabhāvaṃ pakāsetvā atha sammutideve avasesamanusse ca upādāya ukkaṭṭhaparicchedavasena sesasattalokassa sacchikatabhāvaṃ pakāsento <span class="bld">sadevamanussa</span>nti āha. Ayamettha bhāvānukkamo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Porāṇā panāhu <span class="bld">sadevaka</span>nti devehi saddhiṃ avasesalokaṃ. <span class="bld">Samāraka</span>nti mārena saddhiṃ avasesalokaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabrahmaka</span>nti brahmehi saddhiṃ avasesalokaṃ. Evaṃ sabbepi tibhavūpage satte tīhākārehi tīsu padesu pakkhipitvā puna dvīhi padehi pariyādiyanto <span class="bld">sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiṃ pajaṃ sadevamanussa</span>nti āha. Evaṃ pañcahipi padehi tena tenākārena tedhātukameva pariyādinnanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedetī</span>ti ettha pana <span class="bld">saya</span>nti sāmaṃ aparaneyyo hutvā. <span class="bld">Abhiññā</span>ti abhiññāya, adhikena ñāṇena ñatvāti attho. <span class="bld">Sacchikatvā</span>ti paccakkhaṃ katvā, etena anumānādipaṭikkhepo kato hoti. <span class="bld">Pavedetī</span>ti bodheti viññāpeti pakāseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">So dhammaṃ deseti ādikalyāṇaṃ…pe… pariyosānakalyāṇa</span>nti so bhagavā sattesu kāruññataṃ paṭicca hitvāpi anuttaraṃ vivekasukhaṃ dhammaṃ deseti. Tañca kho appaṃ vā bahuṃ vā desento ādikalyāṇādippakārameva deseti. Ādimhipi, kalyāṇaṃ bhaddakaṃ anavajjameva katvā deseti, majjhepi, pariyosānepi, kalyāṇaṃ bhaddakaṃ anavajjameva katvā desetīti vuttaṃ hoti. Tattha atthi desanāya ādimajjhapariyosānaṃ, atthi sāsanassa. Desanāya tāva catuppadikāyapi gāthāya paṭhamapādo ādi nāma, tato dve majjhaṃ nāma, ante eko pariyosānaṃ nāma. Ekānusandhikassa suttassa nidānaṃ ādi, idamavocāti pariyosānaṃ, ubhinnamantarā <a name="M1.0159"></a> majjhaṃ. Anekānusandhikassa <a name="P1.0176"></a> suttassa paṭhamānusandhi ādi, ante anusandhi pariyosānaṃ, majjhe eko vā dve vā bahū vā majjhameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sāsanassa pana sīlasamādhivipassanā ādi nāma. Vuttampi cetaṃ – ‘‘ko cādi kusalānaṃ <a name="V1.0145"></a> dhammānaṃ? Sīlañca suvisuddhaṃ diṭṭhi ca ujukā’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.369). ‘‘Atthi, bhikkhave, majjhimā paṭipadā tathāgatena abhisambuddhā’’ti evaṃ vutto pana ariyamaggo majjhaṃ nāma. Phalañceva nibbānañca pariyosānaṃ nāma. ‘‘Etadatthamidaṃ, brāhmaṇa, brahmacariyaṃ, etaṃ sāraṃ, etaṃ pariyosāna’’nti (ma. ni. 1.324) hi ettha phalaṃ pariyosānanti vuttaṃ. ‘‘Nibbānogadhaṃ hi, āvuso visākha, brahmacariyaṃ vussati, nibbānaparāyanaṃ nibbānapariyosāna’’nti (ma. ni. 1.466) ettha nibbānaṃ pariyosānanti vuttaṃ. Idha desanāya ādimajjhapariyosānaṃ adhippetaṃ. Bhagavā hi dhammaṃ desento ādimhi sīlaṃ dassetvā majjhe maggaṃ pariyosāne nibbānaṃ dasseti. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘so dhammaṃ deseti ādikalyāṇaṃ majjhekalyāṇaṃ pariyosānakalyāṇa’’nti. Tasmā aññopi dhammakathiko dhammaṃ kathento –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Ādimhi sīlaṃ dasseyya, majjhe maggaṃ vibhāvaye;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Pariyosānamhi nibbānaṃ, esā kathikasaṇṭhitī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sātthaṃ sabyañjana</span>nti yassa hi yāgubhattaitthipurisādivaṇṇanānissitā desanā hoti, na so sātthaṃ deseti. Bhagavā pana tathārūpaṃ desanaṃ pahāya catusatipaṭṭhānādinissitaṃ desanaṃ deseti. Tasmā sātthaṃ desetīti vuccati. Yassa pana desanā ekabyañjanādiyuttā vā sabbaniroṭṭhabyañjanā vā sabbavissaṭṭhasabbaniggahītabyañjanā vā, tassa damiḷakirātasavarādimilakkhūnaṃ bhāsā viya byañjanapāripūriyā abhāvato abyañjanā nāma desanā hoti. Bhagavā pana –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Sithilaṃ <a name="P1.0177"></a> dhanitañca dīgharassaṃ, garukaṃ lahukañca niggahītaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sambandhavavatthitaṃ vimuttaṃ, dasadhā byañjanabuddhiyā pabhedo’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ <a name="M1.0160"></a> vuttaṃ dasavidhaṃ byañjanaṃ amakkhetvā paripuṇṇabyañjanameva katvā dhammaṃ deseti, tasmā sabyañjanaṃ dhammaṃ desetīti vuccati. <span class="bld">Kevalaparipuṇṇa</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">kevala</span>nti sakalādhivacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Paripuṇṇa</span>nti anūnādhikavacanaṃ. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti sakalaparipuṇṇameva deseti, ekadesanāpi aparipuṇṇā natthīti. Upanetabbaapanetabbassa abhāvato kevalaparipuṇṇanti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Parisuddha</span>nti nirupakkilesaṃ. Yo hi imaṃ dhammadesanaṃ nissāya lābhaṃ vā sakkāraṃ vā labhissāmīti deseti, tassa aparisuddhā desanā hoti. Bhagavā pana lokāmisanirapekkho hitapharaṇena <a name="V1.0146"></a> mettābhāvanāya muduhadayo ullumpanasabhāvasaṇṭhitena cittena deseti. Tasmā parisuddhaṃ dhammaṃ desetīti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Brahmacariyaṃ pakāsetī</span>ti ettha panāyaṃ brahmacariya-saddo dāne veyyāvacce pañcasikkhāpadasīle appamaññāsu methunaviratiyaṃ sadārasantose vīriye uposathaṅgesu ariyamagge sāsaneti imesvatthesu dissati.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Kiṃ te vataṃ kiṃ pana brahmacariyaṃ,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Kissa suciṇṇassa ayaṃ vipāko;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Iddhī jutī balavīriyūpapatti,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Idañca te nāga, mahāvimānaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Ahañca bhariyā ca manussaloke,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Saddhā ubho dānapatī ahumhā;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Opānabhūtaṃ me gharaṃ tadāsi,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Santappitā samaṇabrāhmaṇā ca.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Taṃ <a name="P1.0178"></a> me vataṃ taṃ pana brahmacariyaṃ,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Tassa suciṇṇassa ayaṃ vipāko;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Iddhī jutī balavīriyūpapatti,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Idañca me dhīra mahāvimāna’’nti. (jā. 2.17.1595);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Imasmiñhi puṇṇakajātake dānaṃ brahmacariyanti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Kena pāṇi kāmadado, kena pāṇi madhussavo;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Kena te brahmacariyena, puññaṃ pāṇimhi ijjhati.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Tena <a name="M1.0161"></a> pāṇi kāmadado, tena pāṇi madhussavo;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tena me brahmacariyena, puññaṃ pāṇimhi ijjhatī’’ti. (pe. va. 275,277);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Imasmiṃ <a name="V1.0147"></a> aṅkurapetavatthumhi veyyāvaccaṃ brahmacariyanti vuttaṃ. ‘‘Evaṃ, kho taṃ bhikkhave, tittiriyaṃ nāma brahmacariyaṃ ahosī’’ti (cūḷava. 311) imasmiṃ tittirajātake pañcasikkhāpadasīlaṃ brahmacariyanti vuttaṃ. ‘‘Taṃ kho pana me, pañcasikha, brahmacariyaṃ neva nibbidāya na virāgāya na nirodhāya…pe… yāvadeva brahmalokūpapattiyā’’ti (dī. ni. 2.329) imasmiṃ mahāgovindasutte catasso appamaññāyo brahmacariyanti vuttā. ‘‘Pare abrahmacārī bhavissanti, mayamettha brahmacārī bhavissāmā’’ti (ma. ni. 1.83) imasmiṃ sallekhasutte methunavirati brahmacariyanti vuttā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Mayañca bhariyā nātikkamāma,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Amhe ca bhariyā nātikkamanti;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Aññatra tāhi brahmacariyaṃ carāma,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tasmā hi amhaṃ daharā na mīyare’’ti. (jā. 1.4.97);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Mahādhammapālajātake sadārasantoso brahmacariyanti vutto. ‘‘Abhijānāmi <a name="P1.0179"></a> kho panāhaṃ, sāriputta, caturaṅgasamannāgataṃ brahmacariyaṃ caritā, tapassī sudaṃ homī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.155) lomahaṃsanasutte vīriyaṃ brahmacariyanti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Hīnena brahmacariyena, khattiye upapajjati;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Majjhimena ca devattaṃ, uttamena visujjhatī’’ti. (jā. 1.8.75);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ nimijātake attadamanavasena kato aṭṭhaṅgiko uposatho brahmacariyanti vutto. ‘‘Idaṃ kho pana me, pañcasikha, brahmacariyaṃ ekantanibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya…pe… ayameva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo’’ti (dī. ni. 2.329) mahāgovindasuttasmiṃyeva ariyamaggo brahmacariyanti vutto. ‘‘Tayidaṃ brahmacariyaṃ iddhañceva phītañca vitthārikaṃ bāhujaññaṃ puthubhūtaṃ yāva devamanussehi suppakāsita’’nti (dī. ni. 3.174) pāsādikasutte sikkhattayasaṅgahitaṃ sakalasāsanaṃ brahmacariyanti vuttaṃ. Imasmimpi ṭhāne idameva brahmacariyanti adhippetaṃ. Tasmā brahmacariyaṃ pakāsetīti so dhammaṃ deseti ādikalyāṇaṃ…pe… parisuddhaṃ. Evaṃ desento ca sikkhattayasaṅgahitaṃ sakalasāsanaṃ brahmacariyaṃ pakāsetīti <a name="M1.0162"></a> evamettha attho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Brahmacariya</span>nti seṭṭhaṭṭhena brahmabhūtaṃ cariyaṃ. Brahmabhūtānaṃ vā buddhādīnaṃ cariyanti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para191"></a><a name="para191_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">191</span>. <span class="bld">Taṃ dhamma</span>nti <a name="V1.0148"></a> taṃ vuttappakārasampadaṃ dhammaṃ. <span class="bld">Suṇāti gahapati vā</span>ti kasmā paṭhamaṃ gahapatiṃ niddisati? Nihatamānattā, ussannattā ca. Yebhuyyena hi khattiyakulato pabbajitā jātiṃ nissāya mānaṃ karonti. Brāhmaṇakulā pabbajitā mante nissāya mānaṃ karonti. Hīnajaccakulā pabbajitā attano attano vijātitāya patiṭṭhātuṃ na sakkonti. Gahapatidārakā pana kacchehi sedaṃ muñcantehi piṭṭhiyā loṇaṃ pupphamānāya bhūmiṃ kasitvā tādisassa mānassa abhāvato nihatamānadappā honti. Te pabbajitvā <a name="P1.0180"></a> mānaṃ vā dappaṃ vā akatvā yathābalaṃ sakalabuddhavacanaṃ uggahetvā vipassanāya kammaṃ karontā sakkonti arahatte patiṭṭhātuṃ. Itarehi ca kulehi nikkhamitvā pabbajitā nāma na bahukā, gahapatikāva bahukā. Iti nihatamānattā ussannattā ca paṭhamaṃ gahapatiṃ niddisatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aññatarasmiṃ vā</span>ti itaresaṃ vā kulānaṃ aññatarasmiṃ. <span class="bld">Paccājāto</span>ti patijāto. <span class="bld">Tathāgate saddhaṃ paṭilabhatī</span>ti parisuddhaṃ dhammaṃ sutvā dhammassāmimhi tathāgate – ‘‘sammāsambuddho vata so bhagavā’’ti saddhaṃ paṭilabhati. <span class="bld">Iti paṭisañcikkhatī</span>ti evaṃ paccavekkhati. <span class="bld">Sambādho gharāvāso</span>ti sacepi saṭṭhihatthe ghare yojanasatantarepi vā dve jāyampatikā vasanti, tathāpi nesaṃ sakiñcanasapalibodhaṭṭhena gharāvāso sambādhoyeva. <span class="bld">Rajopatho</span>ti rāgarajādīnaṃ <span class="bld">uṭṭhānaṭṭhāna</span>nti mahāaṭṭhakathāyaṃ vuttaṃ. Āgamanapathotipi vadanti. Alagganaṭṭhena abbhokāso viyāti <span class="bld">abbhokāso.</span> Pabbajito hi kūṭāgāraratanapāsādadevavimānādīsu pihitadvāravātapānesu paṭicchannesu vasantopi neva laggati, na sajjati, na bajjhati. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘abbhokāso pabbajjā’’ti. Api ca sambādho gharāvāso kusalakiriyāya okāsābhāvato. Rajopatho asaṃvutasaṅkāraṭṭhānaṃ viya rajānaṃ kilesarajānaṃ sannipātaṭṭhānato. Abbhokāso pabbajjā kusalakiriyāya yathāsukhaṃ okāsasabbhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nayidaṃ</span> <a name="M1.0163"></a> <span class="bld">sukaraṃ…pe… pabbajeyya</span>nti etthāyaṃ saṅkhepakathā, yadetaṃ sikkhattayabrahmacariyaṃ ekampi divasaṃ akhaṇḍaṃ katvā carimakacittaṃ pāpetabbatāya ekantaparipuṇṇaṃ, caritabbaṃ ekadivasampi ca kilesamalena amalīnaṃ katvā carimakacittaṃ pāpetabbatāya ekantaparisuddhaṃ<a name="P1.0181"></a>. <span class="bld">Saṅkhalikhita</span>nti likhitasaṅkhasadisaṃ dhotasaṅkhasappaṭibhāgaṃ caritabbaṃ. Idaṃ na sukaraṃ agāraṃ ajjhāvasatā agāramajjhe vasantena ekantaparipuṇṇaṃ…pe… carituṃ, yaṃnūnāhaṃ kese ca massuñca ohāretvā kasāyarasapītatāya kāsāyāni brahmacariyaṃ carantānaṃ anucchavikāni vatthāni acchādetvā paridahitvā agārasmā nikkhamitvā anagāriyaṃ pabbajeyyanti. Ettha ca yasmā <a name="V1.0149"></a> agārassa hitaṃ kasivāṇijjādikammaṃ agāriyanti vuccati, tañca pabbajjāya natthi, tasmā pabbajjā anagāriyanti ñātabbā, taṃ anagāriyaṃ. <span class="bld">Pabbajeyya</span>nti paṭipajjeyyaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para192-193"></a><a name="para192-193_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">192-193</span>. <span class="bld">Appaṃ vā</span>ti sahassato heṭṭhā bhogakkhandho appo nāma hoti, sahassato paṭṭhāya mahā. Ābandhanaṭṭhena ñātiyeva ñātiparivaṭṭo. Sopi vīsatiyā heṭṭhā appo nāma hoti, vīsatiyā paṭṭhāya mahā. <span class="bld">Pātimokkhasaṃvarasaṃvuto</span>ti pātimokkhasaṃvarena samannāgato. <span class="bld">Ācāragocarasampanno</span>ti ācārena ceva gocarena ca sampanno. <span class="bld">Aṇumattesū</span>ti appamattakesu. <span class="bld">Vajjesū</span>ti akusaladhammesu. <span class="bld">Bhayadassāvī</span>ti bhayadassī. <span class="bld">Samādāyā</span>ti sammā ādiyitvā. <span class="bld">Sikkhati sikkhāpadesū</span>ti sikkhāpadesu taṃ taṃ sikkhāpadaṃ samādiyitvā sikkhati. Ayamettha saṅkhepo, vitthāro pana visuddhimagge vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāyakammavacīkammena samannāgato kusalena parisuddhājīvo</span>ti ettha ācāragocaraggahaṇeneva ca kusale kāyakammavacīkamme gahitepi yasmā idaṃ ājīvapārisuddhisīlaṃ nāma na ākāse vā rukkhaggādīsu vā uppajjati, kāyavacīdvāresuyeva pana uppajjati; tasmā tassa uppattidvāradassanatthaṃ kāyakammavacīkammena samannāgato kusalenāti vuttaṃ. Yasmā pana tena samannāgato, tasmā parisuddhājīvo. Samaṇamuṇḍikaputtasuttantavasena <a name="P1.0182"></a> (ma. ni. 2.260) vā evaṃ vuttaṃ. Tattha hi ‘‘katame ca, thapati, kusalā sīlā? Kusalaṃ <a name="M1.0164"></a> kāyakammaṃ, kusalaṃ vacīkammaṃ, parisuddhaṃ ājīvampi kho ahaṃ thapati sīlasmiṃ vadāmī’’ti vuttaṃ. Yasmā pana tena samannāgato, tasmā parisuddhājīvoti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sīlasampanno</span>ti brahmajāle vuttena tividhena sīlena samannāgato hoti. <span class="bld">Indriyesu guttadvāro</span>ti manacchaṭṭhesu indriyesu pihitadvāro hoti. <span class="bld">Satisampajaññena samannāgato</span>ti abhikkante paṭikkantetiādīsu sattasu ṭhānesu satiyā ceva sampajaññena ca samannāgato hoti. <span class="bld">Santuṭṭho</span>ti catūsu paccayesu tividhena santosena santuṭṭho hoti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Cūḷasīlavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para194-211"></a><a name="para194-211_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">194-211</span>. Evaṃ mātikaṃ nikkhipitvā anupubbena bhājento <span class="bld">‘‘kathañca, mahārāja, bhikkhu sīlasampanno hotī’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">idampissa hoti sīlasmi</span>nti idampi assa bhikkhuno pāṇātipātā veramaṇi sīlasmiṃ ekaṃ sīlaṃ hotīti attho. Paccattavacanatthe vā etaṃ <a name="V1.0150"></a> bhummaṃ. Mahāaṭṭhakathāyañhi idampi tassa samaṇassa sīlanti ayameva attho vutto. Sesaṃ brahmajāle vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Idamassa hoti sīlasmi</span>nti idaṃ assa sīlaṃ hotīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para212"></a><a name="para212_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">212</span>. <span class="bld">Na kutoci bhayaṃ samanupassati, yadidaṃ sīlasaṃvarato</span>ti yāni asaṃvaramūlakāni bhayāni uppajjanti, tesu yaṃ idaṃ bhayaṃ sīlasaṃvarato bhaveyya, taṃ kutoci ekasaṃvaratopi na samanupassati. Kasmā? Saṃvarato asaṃvaramūlakassa bhayassa abhāvā. <span class="bld">Muddhābhisitto</span>ti yathāvidhānavihitena khattiyābhisekena muddhani avasitto. <span class="bld">Yadidaṃ paccatthikato</span>ti yaṃ kutoci ekapaccatthikatopi bhayaṃ bhaveyya, taṃ na samanupassati. Kasmā? Yasmā nihatapaccāmitto. <span class="bld">Ajjhatta</span>nti <a name="P1.0183"></a> niyakajjhattaṃ, attano santāneti attho. <span class="bld">Anavajjasukha</span>nti anavajjaṃ aninditaṃ kusalaṃ sīlapadaṭṭhānehi avippaṭisārapāmojjapītipassaddhidhammehi pariggahitaṃ kāyikacetasikasukhaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti. <span class="bld">Evaṃ kho, mahārāja, bhikkhu sīlasampanno hotī</span>ti evaṃ nirantaraṃ vitthāretvā dassitena tividhena sīlena samannāgato bhikkhu sīlasampanno nāma hotīti sīlakathaṃ niṭṭhāpesi.</p>
<p class="subhead">Indriyasaṃvarakathā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para213"></a><a name="para213_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">213</span>. Indriyesu <a name="M1.0165"></a> guttadvārabhājanīye <span class="bld">cakkhunā rūpa</span>nti ayaṃ cakkhusaddo katthaci buddhacakkhumhi vattati, yathāha – ‘‘buddhacakkhunā lokaṃ volokesī’’ti (mahāva. 9). Katthaci sabbaññutaññāṇasaṅkhāte samantacakkhumhi, yathāha – ‘‘tathūpamaṃ dhammamayaṃ, sumedha, pāsādamāruyha samantacakkhū’’ti (mahāva. 8). Katthaci dhammacakkhumhi ‘‘virajaṃ vītamalaṃ dhammacakkhuṃ udapādī’’ti (mahāva. 16) hi ettha ariyamaggattayapaññā. ‘‘Cakkhuṃ udapādi ñāṇaṃ udapādī’’ti (mahāva. 15) ettha pubbenivāsādiñāṇaṃ paññācakkhūti vuccati. ‘‘Dibbena cakkhunā’’ti (ma. ni. 1.284) āgataṭṭhānesu dibbacakkhumhi vattati. ‘‘Cakkhuñca paṭicca rūpe cā’’ti ettha pasādacakkhumhi vattati. Idha panāyaṃ pasādacakkhuvohārena cakkhuviññāṇe vattati, tasmā cakkhuviññāṇena rūpaṃ disvāti ayametthattho. Sesapadesu yaṃ vattabbaṃ siyā, taṃ sabbaṃ visuddhimagge vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Abyāsekasukha</span>nti kilesabyāsekavirahitattā abyāsekaṃ asammissaṃ parisuddhaṃ adhicittasukhaṃ paṭisaṃvedetīti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Satisampajaññakathā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para214"></a><a name="para214_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">214</span>. Satisampajaññabhājanīyamhi <a name="V1.0151"></a> <span class="bld">abhikkante paṭikkante</span>ti ettha tāva abhikkantaṃ vuccati gamanaṃ, paṭikkantaṃ nivattanaṃ, tadubhayampi catūsu iriyāpathesu labbhati. Gamane tāva purato kāyaṃ abhiharanto abhikkamati nāma<a name="P1.0184"></a>. Paṭinivattanto paṭikkamati nāma. Ṭhānepi ṭhitakova kāyaṃ purato onāmento abhikkamati nāma, pacchato apanāmento paṭikkamati nāma. Nisajjāya nisinnakova āsanassa purimaaṅgābhimukho saṃsaranto abhikkamati nāma, pacchimaaṅgapadesaṃ paccāsaṃsaranto paṭikkamati nāma. Nipajjanepi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sampajānakārī hotī</span>ti sampajaññena sabbakiccakārī. Sampajaññameva vā kārī. So hi abhikkantādīsu sampajaññaṃ karoteva. Na katthaci sampajaññavirahito hoti. Tattha sātthakasampajaññaṃ, sappāyasampajaññaṃ, gocarasampajaññaṃ asammohasampajaññanti catubbidhaṃ sampajaññaṃ. Tattha abhikkamanacitte uppanne cittavaseneva agantvā – ‘‘kinnu me ettha gatena attho atthi natthī’’ti atthānatthaṃ pariggahetvā atthapariggaṇhanaṃ sātthakasampajaññaṃ. Tattha <a name="M1.0166"></a> ca atthoti cetiyadassanabodhisaṅghatheraasubhadassanādivasena dhammato vuḍḍhi. Cetiyaṃ vā bodhiṃ vā disvāpi hi buddhārammaṇaṃ, saṅghadassanena saṅghārammaṇaṃ, pītiṃ uppādetvā tadeva khayavayato sammasanto arahattaṃ pāpuṇāti. There disvā tesaṃ ovāde patiṭṭhāya, asubhaṃ disvā tattha paṭhamajjhānaṃ uppādetvā tadeva khayavayato sammasanto arahattaṃ pāpuṇāti. Tasmā etesaṃ dassanaṃ sātthakanti vuttaṃ. Keci pana āmisatopi vuḍḍhi atthoyeva, taṃ nissāya brahmacariyānuggahāya paṭipannattāti vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tasmiṃ pana gamane sappāyāsappāyaṃ pariggahetvā sappāyapariggaṇhanaṃ sappāyasampajaññaṃ. Seyyathidaṃ – cetiyadassanaṃ tāva sātthakaṃ, sace pana cetiyassa mahāpūjāya dasadvādasayojanantare parisā sannipatanti, attano vibhavānurūpā itthiyopi purisāpi alaṅkatapaṭiyattā cittakammarūpakāni <a name="P1.0185"></a> viya sañcaranti. Tatra cassa iṭṭhe ārammaṇe lobho hoti, aniṭṭhe paṭigho, asamapekkhane moho uppajjati, kāyasaṃsaggāpattiṃ vā āpajjati. Jīvitabrahmacariyānaṃ vā antarāyo hoti, evaṃ taṃ ṭhānaṃ asappāyaṃ hoti. Vuttappakāraantarāyābhāve sappāyaṃ. Bodhidassanepi eseva nayo. Saṅghadassanampi sātthaṃ. Sace pana antogāme mahāmaṇḍapaṃ kāretvā sabbarattiṃ dhammassavanaṃ karontesu manussesu vuttappakāreneva janasannipāto <a name="V1.0152"></a> ceva antarāyo ca hoti, evaṃ taṃ ṭhānaṃ asappāyaṃ hoti. Antarāyābhāve sappāyaṃ. Mahāparisaparivārānaṃ therānaṃ dassanepi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Asubhadassanampi sātthaṃ, tadatthadīpanatthañca idaṃ vatthu – eko kira daharabhikkhu sāmaṇeraṃ gahetvā dantakaṭṭhatthāya gato. Sāmaṇero maggā okkamitvā purato gacchanto asubhaṃ disvā paṭhamajjhānaṃ nibbattetvā tadeva pādakaṃ katvā saṅkhāre sammasanto tīṇi phalāni sacchikatvā uparimaggatthāya kammaṭṭhānaṃ pariggahetvā aṭṭhāsi. Daharo taṃ apassanto sāmaṇerāti pakkosi. So ‘mayā pabbajitadivasato paṭṭhāya bhikkhunā saddhiṃ dve kathā nāma na kathitapubbā. Aññasmimpi divase upari visesaṃ nibbattessāmī’ti cintetvā kiṃ, bhanteti paṭivacanamadāsi. ‘Ehī’ti ca vutte ekavacaneneva āgantvā, ‘bhante, iminā tāva maggeneva gantvā mayā ṭhitokāse muhuttaṃ <a name="M1.0167"></a> puratthābhimukho ṭhatvā olokethā’ti āha. So tathā katvā tena pattavisesameva pāpuṇi. Evaṃ ekaṃ asubhaṃ dvinnaṃ janānaṃ atthāya jātaṃ. Evaṃ sātthampi panetaṃ purisassa mātugāmāsubhaṃ asappāyaṃ, mātugāmassa ca purisāsubhaṃ asappāyaṃ, sabhāgameva sappāyanti evaṃ sappāyapariggaṇhanaṃ sappāyasampajaññaṃ nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ pariggahitasātthakasappāyassa pana aṭṭhatiṃsāya kammaṭṭhānesu attano cittaruciyaṃ kammaṭṭhānasaṅkhātaṃ <a name="P1.0186"></a> gocaraṃ uggahetvā bhikkhācāragocare taṃ gahetvāva gamanaṃ gocarasampajaññaṃ nāma. Tassāvibhāvanatthaṃ idaṃ catukkaṃ veditabbaṃ –</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idhekacco bhikkhu harati, na paccāharati; ekacco paccāharati, na harati; ekacco pana neva harati, na paccāharati; ekacco harati ca, paccāharati cāti. Tattha yo bhikkhu divasaṃ caṅkamena nisajjāya ca āvaraṇīyehi dhammehi cittaṃ parisodhetvā tathā rattiyā paṭhamayāme, majjhimayāme seyyaṃ kappetvā pacchimayāmepi nisajjacaṅkamehi vītināmetvā pageva cetiyaṅgaṇabodhiyaṅgaṇavattaṃ katvā bodhirukkhe udakaṃ āsiñcitvā, pānīyaṃ paribhojanīyaṃ paccupaṭṭhapetvā ācariyupajjhāyavattādīni sabbāni khandhakavattāni samādāya vattati. So sarīraparikammaṃ katvā senāsanaṃ pavisitvā dve tayo pallaṅke usumaṃ gāhāpento kammaṭṭhānaṃ anuyuñjitvā bhikkhācāravelāyaṃ uṭṭhahitvā kammaṭṭhānasīseneva pattacīvaramādāya senāsanato nikkhamitvā kammaṭṭhānaṃ manasikarontova cetiyaṅgaṇaṃ gantvā, sace buddhānussatikammaṭṭhānaṃ hoti, taṃ avissajjetvāva cetiyaṅgaṇaṃ pavisati. Aññaṃ ce kammaṭṭhānaṃ hoti, sopānamūle ṭhatvā hatthena gahitabhaṇḍaṃ viya taṃ ṭhapetvā buddhārammaṇaṃ pītiṃ gahetvā cetiyaṅgaṇaṃ āruyha, mahantaṃ cetiyaṃ <a name="V1.0153"></a> ce, tikkhattuṃ padakkhiṇaṃ katvā catūsu ṭhānesu vanditabbaṃ. Khuddakaṃ cetiyaṃ ce, tatheva padakkhiṇaṃ katvā aṭṭhasu ṭhānesu vanditabbaṃ. Cetiyaṃ vanditvā bodhiyaṅgaṇaṃ pattenāpi buddhassa bhagavato sammukhā viya nipaccākāraṃ dassetvā bodhi vanditabbā. So evaṃ cetiyañca bodhiñca vanditvā paṭisāmitaṭṭhānaṃ gantvā paṭisāmitabhaṇḍakaṃ hatthena gaṇhanto viya nikkhittakammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā gāmasamīpe kammaṭṭhānasīseneva cīvaraṃ pārupitvā gāmaṃ piṇḍāya pavisati. Atha naṃ manussā disvā ayyo no āgatoti paccuggantvā <a name="P1.0187"></a> pattaṃ gahetvā āsanasālāya vā gehe vā <a name="M1.0168"></a> nisīdāpetvā yāguṃ datvā yāva bhattaṃ na niṭṭhāti, tāva pāde dhovitvā telena makkhetvā purato te nisīditvā pañhaṃ vā pucchanti, dhammaṃ vā sotukāmā honti. Sacepi na kathāpenti, janasaṅgahatthaṃ dhammakathā nāma kātabbā yevāti aṭṭhakathācariyā vadanti. Dhammakathā hi kammaṭṭhānavinimuttā nāma natthi, tasmā kammaṭṭhānasīseneva dhammakathaṃ kathetvā kammaṭṭhānasīseneva āhāraṃ paribhuñjitvā anumodanaṃ katvā nivattiyamānehipi manussehi anugatova gāmato nikkhamitvā tattha te nivattetvā maggaṃ paṭipajjati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha naṃ puretaraṃ nikkhamitvā bahigāme katabhattakiccā sāmaṇeradaharabhikkhū disvā paccuggantvā pattacīvaramassa gaṇhanti. Porāṇakabhikkhū kira amhākaṃ upajjhāyo ācariyoti na mukhaṃ oloketvā vattaṃ karonti, sampattaparicchedeneva karonti. Te taṃ pucchanti – ‘‘bhante, ete manussā tumhākaṃ kiṃ honti, mātipakkhato sambandhā pitipakkhato’’ti? Kiṃ disvā pucchathāti? Tumhesu etesaṃ pemaṃ bahumānanti. Āvuso, yaṃ mātāpitūhipi dukkaraṃ, taṃ ete amhākaṃ karonti, pattacīvarampi no etesaṃ santakameva, etesaṃ ānubhāvena neva bhaye bhayaṃ, na chātake chātakaṃ jānāma. Īdisā nāma amhākaṃ upakārino natthīti tesaṃ guṇe kathento gacchati. Ayaṃ vuccati <span class="bld">harati na paccāharatī</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yassa pana pageva vuttappakāraṃ vattapaṭipattiṃ karontassa kammajatejodhātu pajjalati, anupādinnakaṃ muñcitvā upādinnakaṃ gaṇhāti, sarīrato sedā muñcanti, kammaṭṭhānaṃ vīthiṃ nārohati, so pageva pattacīvaramādāya vegasā cetiyaṃ vanditvā gorūpānaṃ nikkhamanavelāyameva gāmaṃ yāgubhikkhāya pavisitvā yāguṃ labhitvā āsanasālaṃ gantvā pivati, athassa dvattikkhattuṃ <a name="P1.0188"></a> ajjhoharaṇamatteneva kammajatejodhātu upādinnakaṃ muñcitvā anupādinnakaṃ gaṇhāti, ghaṭasatena nhāto viya tejodhātu pariḷāhanibbānaṃ patvā kammaṭṭhānasīsena yāguṃ paribhuñjitvā pattañca mukhañca dhovitvā antarābhatte kammaṭṭhānaṃ manasikatvā avasesaṭṭhāne piṇḍāya caritvā kammaṭṭhānasīsena āhārañca paribhuñjitvā tato paṭṭhāya poṅkhānupoṅkhaṃ upaṭṭhahamānaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā <a name="V1.0154"></a> āgacchati, ayaṃ vuccati <span class="bld">paccāharati</span> <a name="M1.0169"></a> <span class="bld">na haratī</span>ti. Edisā ca bhikkhū yāguṃ pivitvā vipassanaṃ ārabhitvā buddhasāsane arahattappattā nāma gaṇanapathaṃ vītivattā. Sīhaḷadīpeyeva tesu tesu gāmesu āsanasālāyaṃ vā na taṃ āsanamatthi, yattha yāguṃ pivitvā arahattappattā bhikkhū natthīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yo pana pamādavihārī hoti, nikkhittadhuro sabbavattāni bhinditvā pañcavidhacetokhīlavinibandhacitto viharanto – ‘‘kammaṭṭhānaṃ nāma atthī’’ti saññampi akatvā gāmaṃ piṇḍāya pavisitvā ananulomikena gihisaṃsaggena saṃsaṭṭho caritvā ca bhuñjitvā ca tuccho nikkhamati, ayaṃ vuccati <span class="bld">neva harati na paccāharatī</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yo panāyaṃ – ‘‘harati ca paccāharati cā’’ti vutto, so gatapaccāgatavattavaseneva veditabbo. Attakāmā hi kulaputtā sāsane pabbajitvā dasapi vīsampi tiṃsampi cattālīsampi paññāsampi satampi ekato vasantā katikavattaṃ katvā viharanti, ‘‘āvuso, tumhe na iṇaṭṭā, na bhayaṭṭā, na jīvikāpakatā pabbajitā, dukkhā muccitukāmā panettha pabbajitā, tasmā gamane uppannakilesaṃ gamaneyeva niggaṇhatha, tathā ṭhāne, nisajjāya, sayane uppannakilesaṃ sayaneva niggaṇhathā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Te evaṃ katikavattaṃ katvā bhikkhācāraṃ <a name="P1.0189"></a> gacchantā aḍḍhausabhausabhaaḍḍhagāvutagāvutantaresu pāsāṇā honti, tāya saññāya kammaṭṭhānaṃ manasikarontāva gacchanti. Sace kassaci gamane kileso uppajjati, tattheva naṃ niggaṇhāti. Tathā asakkonto tiṭṭhati, athassa pacchato āgacchantopi tiṭṭhati. So ‘‘ayaṃ bhikkhu tuyhaṃ uppannavitakkaṃ jānāti, ananucchavikaṃ te eta’’nti attānaṃ paṭicodetvā vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā tattheva ariyabhūmiṃ okkamati; tathā asakkonto nisīdati. Athassa pacchato āgacchantopi nisīdatīti soyeva nayo. Ariyabhūmiṃ okkamituṃ asakkontopi taṃ kilesaṃ vikkhambhetvā kammaṭṭhānaṃ manasikarontova gacchati, na kammaṭṭhānavippayuttena cittena pādaṃ uddharati, uddharati ce, paṭinivattitvā purimapadesaṃyeva eti. Ālindakavāsī <span class="bld">mahāphussadevatthero</span> viya.</p>
<p class="bodytext">So <a name="M1.0170"></a> kira ekūnavīsativassāni gatapaccāgatavattaṃ pūrento eva vihāsi, manussāpi addasaṃsu antarāmagge kasantā ca vapantā ca maddantā ca kammāni ca karontā theraṃ tathāgacchantaṃ disvā – ‘‘ayaṃ thero punappunaṃ nivattitvā gacchati, kinnu kho maggamūḷho, udāhu <a name="V1.0155"></a> kiñci pamuṭṭho’’ti samullapanti. So taṃ anādiyitvā kammaṭṭhānayuttacitteneva samaṇadhammaṃ karonto vīsativassabbhantare arahattaṃ pāpuṇi, arahattappattadivase cassa caṅkamanakoṭiyaṃ adhivatthā devatā aṅgulīhi dīpaṃ ujjāletvā aṭṭhāsi. Cattāropi mahārājāno sakko ca devānamindo brahmā ca sahampati upaṭṭhānaṃ agamaṃsu. Tañca obhāsaṃ disvā vanavāsī mahātissatthero taṃ dutiyadivase pucchi – ‘‘rattibhāge āyasmato santike obhāso ahosi, kiṃ so obhāso’’ti? Thero vikkhepaṃ karonto obhāso nāma dīpobhāsopi hoti, maṇiobhāsopīti evamādimāha. Tato ‘paṭicchādetha tumhe’ti nibaddho ‘āmā’ti paṭijānitvā <a name="P1.0190"></a> ārocesi. Kāḷavallimaṇḍapavāsī <span class="bld">mahānāgatthero</span> viya ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sopi kira gatapaccāgatavattaṃ pūrento – paṭhamaṃ tāva bhagavato mahāpadhānaṃ pūjessāmīti sattavassāni ṭhānacaṅkamameva adhiṭṭhāsi. Puna soḷasavassāni gatapaccāgatavattaṃ pūretvā arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. So kammaṭṭhānayutteneva cittena pādaṃ uddharanto, viyuttena uddhaṭe paṭinivattento gāmasamīpaṃ gantvā ‘‘gāvī nu pabbajito nū’’ti āsaṅkanīyapadese ṭhatvā cīvaraṃ pārupitvā kacchakantarato udakena pattaṃ dhovitvā udakagaṇḍūsaṃ karoti. Kiṃ kāraṇā? Mā me bhikkhaṃ dātuṃ vā vandituṃ vā āgate manusse ‘dīghāyukā hothā’ti vacanamattenāpi kammaṭṭhānavikkhepo ahosīti. ‘‘Ajja, bhante, katimī’’ti divasaṃ vā bhikkhugaṇanaṃ vā pañhaṃ vā pucchito pana udakaṃ gilitvā āroceti. Sace divasādīni pucchakā na honti, nikkhamanavelāya gāmadvāre niṭṭhubhitvāva yāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kalambatitthavihāre vassūpagatā <span class="bld">paññāsabhikkhū</span> viya ca. Te kira āsaḷhipuṇṇamāyaṃ katikavattaṃ akaṃsu – ‘‘arahattaṃ appatvā aññamaññaṃ nālapissāmā’’ti, gāmañca piṇḍāya pavisantā udakagaṇḍūsaṃ katvā pavisiṃsu. Divasādīsu pucchitesu vuttanayeneva paṭipajjiṃsu. Tattha manussā niṭṭhubhanaṃ <a name="M1.0171"></a> disvā jāniṃsu – ‘‘ajjeko āgato, ajja dve’’ti. Evañca cintesuṃ – ‘‘kinnu kho ete amhehiyeva saddhiṃ na sallapanti, udāhu aññamaññampi. Sace aññamaññampi na sallapanti, addhā vivādajātā bhavissanti. Etha ne aññamaññaṃ khamāpessāmā’’ti, sabbe vihāraṃ gantvā paññāsāya bhikkhūsu dvepi bhikkhū ekokāse nāddasaṃsu. Tato yo tesu cakkhumā puriso, so āha – ‘‘na bho kalahakārakānaṃ <a name="P1.0191"></a> vasanokāso īdiso hoti, susammaṭṭhaṃ cetiyaṅgaṇabodhiyaṅgaṇaṃ, sunikkhittā sammajjaniyo, sūpaṭṭhapitaṃ pānīyaṃ paribhojanīya’’nti, te tatova nivattā. Tepi bhikkhū anto temāseyeva arahattaṃ patvā mahāpavāraṇāya visuddhipavāraṇaṃ pavāresuṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ <a name="V1.0156"></a> kāḷavallimaṇḍapavāsī mahānāgatthero viya, kalambatitthavihāre vassūpagatabhikkhū viya ca kammaṭṭhānayutteneva cittena pādaṃ uddharanto gāmasamīpaṃ gantvā udakagaṇḍūsaṃ katvā vīthiyo sallakkhetvā, yattha surāsoṇḍadhuttādayo kalahakārakā caṇḍahatthiassādayo vā natthi, taṃ vīthiṃ paṭipajjati. Tattha ca piṇḍāya caramāno na turitaturito viya javena gacchati. Na hi javena piṇḍapātiyadhutaṅgaṃ nāma kiñci atthi. Visamabhūmibhāgappattaṃ pana udakasakaṭaṃ viya niccalo hutvā gacchati. Anugharaṃ paviṭṭho ca dātukāmaṃ vā adātukāmaṃ vā sallakkhetvā tadanurūpaṃ kālaṃ āgamento bhikkhaṃ paṭilabhitvā ādāya antogāme vā bahigāme vā vihārameva vā āgantvā yathā phāsuke patirūpe okāse nisīditvā kammaṭṭhānaṃ manasikaronto āhāre paṭikūlasaññaṃ upaṭṭhapetvā akkhabbhañjana – vaṇalepanaputtamaṃsūpamavasena paccavekkhanto aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ āhāraṃ āhāreti, neva davāya na madāya na maṇḍanāya na vibhūsanāya…pe… bhuttāvī ca udakakiccaṃ katvā muhuttaṃ bhattakilamathaṃ paṭippassambhetvā yathā purebhattaṃ, evaṃ pacchābhattaṃ purimayāmaṃ pacchimayāmañca kammaṭṭhānameva manasi karoti, ayaṃ vuccati <span class="bld">harati ca paccāharati cā</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idaṃ pana haraṇapaccāharaṇasaṅkhātaṃ gatapaccāgatavattaṃ pūrento yadi upanissayasampanno hoti, paṭhamavaye eva arahattaṃ pāpuṇāti. No ce paṭhamavaye pāpuṇāti, atha <a name="P1.0192"></a> majjhimavaye; no ce majjhimavaye pāpuṇāti, atha maraṇasamaye; no ce maraṇasamaye pāpuṇāti, atha <a name="M1.0172"></a> devaputto hutvā; no ce devaputto hutvā pāpuṇāti, anuppanne buddhe nibbatto paccekabodhiṃ sacchikaroti. No ce paccekabodhiṃ sacchikaroti, atha buddhānaṃ sammukhībhāve khippābhiñño hoti; seyyathāpi thero bāhiyo dārucīriyo mahāpañño vā, seyyathāpi thero sāriputto mahiddhiko vā, seyyathāpi thero mahāmoggallāno dhutavādo vā, seyyathāpi thero mahākassapo dibbacakkhuko vā, seyyathāpi thero anuruddho vinayadharo vā, seyyathāpi thero upāli dhammakathiko vā, seyyathāpi thero puṇṇo mantāṇiputto āraññiko vā, seyyathāpi thero revato bahussuto vā, seyyathāpi thero ānando bhikkhākāmo vā, seyyathāpi thero rāhulo buddhaputtoti. Iti imasmiṃ catukke yvāyaṃ harati ca paccāharati ca, tassa gocarasampajaññaṃ sikhāpattaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Abhikkamādīsu pana asammuyhanaṃ <span class="bld">asammohasampajaññaṃ,</span> taṃ evaṃ veditabbaṃ – idha bhikkhu abhikkamanto vā paṭikkamanto vā yathā andhabālaputhujjanā abhikkamādīsu – ‘‘attā abhikkamati, attanā abhikkamo nibbattito’’ti vā, ‘‘ahaṃ abhikkamāmi, mayā abhikkamo <a name="V1.0157"></a> nibbattito’’ti vā sammuyhanti, tathā asammuyhanto ‘‘abhikkamāmī’’ti citte uppajjamāne teneva cittena saddhiṃ cittasamuṭṭhānā vāyodhātu viññattiṃ janayamānā uppajjati. Iti cittakiriyavāyodhātuvipphāravasena ayaṃ kāyasammato aṭṭhisaṅghāto abhikkamati. Tassevaṃ abhikkamato ekekapāduddharaṇe pathavīdhātu āpodhātūti dve dhātuyo omattā honti mandā, itarā dve adhimattā honti balavatiyo; tathā atiharaṇavītiharaṇesu. Vossajjane tejodhātu vāyodhātūti dve dhātuyo omattā honti mandā, itarā dve adhimattā balavatiyo, tathā sannikkhepanasannirujjhanesu. Tattha uddharaṇe <a name="P1.0193"></a> pavattā rūpārūpadhammā atiharaṇaṃ na pāpuṇanti, tathā atiharaṇe pavattā vītiharaṇaṃ, vītiharaṇe pavattā vossajjanaṃ, vossajjane pavattā sannikkhepanaṃ, sannikkhepane pavattā sannirujjhanaṃ na pāpuṇanti. Tattha tattheva pabbaṃ pabbaṃ sandhi sandhi odhi odhi hutvā tattakapāle <a name="M1.0173"></a> pakkhittatilāni viya paṭapaṭāyantā bhijjanti. Tattha ko eko abhikkamati, kassa vā ekassa abhikkamanaṃ? Paramatthato hi dhātūnaṃyeva gamanaṃ, dhātūnaṃ ṭhānaṃ, dhātūnaṃ nisajjanaṃ, dhātūnaṃ sayanaṃ. Tasmiṃ tasmiṃ koṭṭhāse saddhiṃ rūpena.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Aññaṃ uppajjate cittaṃ, aññaṃ cittaṃ nirujjhati;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Avīcimanusambandho, nadīsotova vattatīti.</p>
<p class="unindented">Evaṃ abhikkamādīsu asammuyhanaṃ asammohasampajaññaṃ nāmāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Niṭṭhito abhikkante paṭikkante sampajānakārī hotīti padassa attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ālokite vilokite</span>ti ettha pana <span class="bld">ālokitaṃ</span> nāma purato pekkhaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Vilokitaṃ</span> nāma anudisāpekkhaṇaṃ. Aññānipi heṭṭhā upari pacchato pekkhaṇavasena olokitaullokitāpalokitāni nāma honti, tāni idha na gahitāni. Sāruppavasena pana imāneva dve gahitāni, iminā vā mukhena sabbānipi tāni gahitānevāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha ‘‘ālokessāmī’’ti citte uppanne cittavaseneva anoloketvā atthapariggaṇhanaṃ sātthakasampajaññaṃ, taṃ āyasmantaṃ nandaṃ kāyasakkhiṃ katvā veditabbaṃ. Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā – ‘‘sace, bhikkhave, nandassa puratthimā disā āloketabbā hoti, sabbaṃ cetasā samannāharitvā nando puratthimaṃ disaṃ āloketi – ‘evaṃ me puratthimaṃ disaṃ ālokayato na abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssavissantī’ti. Itiha tattha sampajāno <a name="P1.0194"></a> hoti <a name="V1.0158"></a> (a. ni. 8.9). Sace, bhikkhave, nandassa pacchimā disā…pe… uttarā disā…pe… dakkhiṇā disā…pe… uddhaṃ…pe… adho…pe… anudisā anuviloketabbā hoti, sabbaṃ cetasā samannāharitvā nando anudisaṃ anuviloketi – ‘evaṃ me anudisaṃ anuvilokayato na abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssavissantī’ti. Itiha tattha sampajāno hotī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Api ca idhāpi pubbe vuttacetiyadassanādivaseneva sātthakatā ca sappāyatā ca veditabbā, kammaṭṭhānassa pana avijahanameva gocarasampajaññaṃ. Tasmā <a name="M1.0174"></a> ettha khandhadhātuāyatanakammaṭṭhānikehi attano kammaṭṭhānavaseneva, kasiṇādikammaṭṭhānikehi vā pana kammaṭṭhānasīseneva ālokanaṃ vilokanaṃ kātabbaṃ. Abbhantare attā nāma āloketā vā viloketā vā natthi, ‘ālokessāmī’ti pana citte uppajjamāne teneva cittena saddhiṃ cittasamuṭṭhānā vāyodhātu viññattiṃ janayamānā uppajjati. Iti cittakiriyavāyodhātuvipphāravasena heṭṭhimaṃ akkhidalaṃ adho sīdati, uparimaṃ uddhaṃ laṅgheti. Koci yantakena vivaranto nāma natthi. Tato cakkhuviññāṇaṃ dassanakiccaṃ sādhentaṃ uppajjatīti evaṃ pajānanaṃ panettha asammohasampajaññaṃ nāma. Api ca mūlapariññā āgantukatāva kālikabhāvavasena pettha asammohasampajaññaṃ veditabbaṃ. Mūlapariññāvasena tāva –</p>
<p class="gatha1">Bhavaṅgāvajjanañceva, dassanaṃ sampaṭicchanaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Santīraṇaṃ voṭṭhabbanaṃ, javanaṃ bhavati sattamaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha bhavaṅgaṃ upapattibhavassa aṅgakiccaṃ sādhayamānaṃ pavattati, taṃ āvaṭṭetvā kiriyamanodhātu āvajjanakiccaṃ sādhayamānā, taṃnirodhā cakkhuviññāṇaṃ dassanakiccaṃ sādhayamānaṃ, taṃnirodhā vipākamanodhātu sampaṭicchanakiccaṃ sādhayamānā, taṃnirodhā vipākamanoviññāṇadhātu santīraṇakiccaṃ sādhayamānā, taṃnirodhā kiriyamanoviññāṇadhātu voṭṭhabbanakiccaṃ sādhayamānā<a name="P1.0195"></a>, taṃnirodhā sattakkhattuṃ javanaṃ javati. Tattha paṭhamajavanepi – ‘‘ayaṃ itthī, ayaṃ puriso’’ti rajjanadussanamuyhanavasena ālokitavilokitaṃ nāma na hoti. Dutiyajavanepi…pe… sattamajavanepi. Etesu pana yuddhamaṇḍale yodhesu viya heṭṭhupariyavasena bhijjitvā patitesu – ‘‘ayaṃ itthī, ayaṃ puriso’’ti rajjanādivasena ālokitavilokitaṃ hoti. Evaṃ tāvettha mūlapariññāvasena asammohasampajaññaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Cakkhudvāre <a name="V1.0159"></a> pana rūpe āpāthamāgate bhavaṅgacalanato uddhaṃ sakakiccanipphādanavasena āvajjanādīsu uppajjitvā niruddhesu avasāne javanaṃ uppajjati, taṃ pubbe uppannānaṃ āvajjanādīnaṃ gehabhūte cakkhudvāre āgantukapuriso viya hoti. Tassa yathā paragehe kiñci yācituṃ paviṭṭhassa āgantukapurisassa gehassāmikesu tuṇhīmāsinesu āṇākaraṇaṃ na yuttaṃ, evaṃ <a name="M1.0175"></a> āvajjanādīnaṃ gehabhūte cakkhudvāre āvajjanādīsupi arajjantesu adussantesu amuyhantesu ca rajjanadussanamuyhanaṃ ayuttanti evaṃ āgantukabhāvavasena asammohasampajaññaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yāni panetāni cakkhudvāre voṭṭhabbanapariyosānāni cittāni uppajjanti, tāni saddhiṃ sampayuttadhammehi tattha tattheva bhijjanti, aññamaññaṃ na passantīti, ittarāni tāvakālikāni honti. Tattha yathā ekasmiṃ ghare sabbesu mānusakesu matesu avasesassa ekassa taṅkhaṇaññeva maraṇadhammassa na yuttā naccagītādīsu abhirati nāma. Evameva ekadvāre sasampayuttesu āvajjanādīsu tattha tattheva matesu avasesassa taṅkhaṇeyeva maraṇadhammassa javanassāpi rajjanadussanamuyhanavasena abhirati nāma na yuttāti. Evaṃ tāvakālikabhāvavasena asammohasampajaññaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Api ca khandhāyatanadhātupaccayapaccavekkhaṇavasena petaṃ veditabbaṃ. Ettha hi cakkhu ceva rūpā ca rūpakkhandho, dassanaṃ viññāṇakkhandho, taṃsampayuttā <a name="P1.0196"></a> vedanā vedanākkhandho, saññā saññākkhandho, phassādikā saṅkhārakkhandho. Evametesaṃ pañcannaṃ khandhānaṃ samavāye ālokanavilokanaṃ paññāyati. Tattha ko eko āloketi, ko viloketi?</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā cakkhu cakkhāyatanaṃ, rūpaṃ rūpāyatanaṃ, dassanaṃ manāyatanaṃ, vedanādayo sampayuttadhammā dhammāyatanaṃ. Evametesaṃ catunnaṃ āyatanānaṃ samavāye ālokanavilokanaṃ paññāyati. Tattha ko eko āloketi, ko viloketi?</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā cakkhu cakkhudhātu, rūpaṃ rūpadhātu, dassanaṃ cakkhuviññāṇadhātu, taṃsampayuttā vedanādayo dhammā dhammadhātu. Evametāsaṃ catunnaṃ dhātūnaṃ samavāye ālokanavilokanaṃ paññāyati. Tattha ko eko āloketi, ko viloketi?</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā cakkhu nissayapaccayo, rūpā ārammaṇapaccayo, āvajjanaṃ anantarasamanantarūpanissayanatthivigatapaccayo<a name="V1.0160"></a>, āloko upanissayapaccayo, vedanādayo sahajātapaccayo. Evametesaṃ paccayānaṃ samavāye <a name="M1.0176"></a> ālokanavilokanaṃ paññāyati. Tattha ko eko āloketi, ko viloketīti? Evamettha khandhāyatanadhātupaccayapaccavekkhaṇavasenapi asammohasampajaññaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samiñjite pasārite</span>ti pabbānaṃ samiñjanapasāraṇe. Tattha cittavaseneva samiñjanapasāraṇaṃ akatvā hatthapādānaṃ samiñjanapasāraṇapaccayā atthānatthaṃ pariggaṇhitvā atthapariggaṇhanaṃ sātthakasampajaññaṃ. Tattha hatthapāde aticiraṃ samiñjetvā vā pasāretvā vā ṭhitassa khaṇe khaṇe vedanā uppajjati, cittaṃ ekaggataṃ na labhati, kammaṭṭhānaṃ paripatati, visesaṃ nādhigacchati. Kāle samiñjentassa kāle pasārentassa pana tā vedanā nuppajjanti, cittaṃ ekaggaṃ hoti, kammaṭṭhānaṃ phātiṃ gacchati, visesamadhigacchatīti<a name="P1.0197"></a>, evaṃ atthānatthapariggaṇhanaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atthe pana satipi sappāyāsappāyaṃ pariggaṇhitvā sappāyapariggaṇhanaṃ sappāyasampajaññaṃ. Tatrāyaṃ nayo –</p>
<p class="bodytext">Mahācetiyaṅgaṇe kira daharabhikkhū sajjhāyaṃ gaṇhanti, tesaṃ piṭṭhipassesu daharabhikkhuniyo dhammaṃ suṇanti. Tatreko daharo hatthaṃ pasārento kāyasaṃsaggaṃ patvā teneva kāraṇena gihī jāto. Aparo bhikkhu pādaṃ pasārento aggimhi pasāresi, aṭṭhimāhacca pādo jhāyi. Aparo vammike pasāresi, so āsīvisena ḍaṭṭho. Aparo cīvarakuṭidaṇḍake pasāresi, taṃ maṇisappo ḍaṃsi. Tasmā evarūpe asappāye apasāretvā sappāye pasāretabbaṃ. Idamettha sappāyasampajaññaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Gocarasampajaññaṃ pana mahātheravatthunā dīpetabbaṃ – <span class="bld">mahāthero</span> kira divāṭhāne nisinno antevāsikehi saddhiṃ kathayamāno sahasā hatthaṃ samiñjetvā puna yathāṭhāne ṭhapetvā saṇikaṃ samiñjesi. Taṃ antevāsikā pucchiṃsu – ‘‘kasmā, bhante, sahasā hatthaṃ samiñjitvā puna yathāṭhāne ṭhapetvā saṇikaṃ samiñjiyitthā’’ti? Yato paṭṭhāyāhaṃ, āvuso, kammaṭṭhānaṃ manasikātuṃ āraddho, na me kammaṭṭhānaṃ muñcitvā hattho samiñjitapubbo, idāni pana me tumhehi saddhiṃ kathayamānena kammaṭṭhānaṃ muñcitvā samiñjito. Tasmā puna yathāṭhāne ṭhapetvā samiñjesinti. Sādhu<a name="M1.0177"></a>, bhante, bhikkhunā nāma evarūpena bhavitabbanti. Evametthāpi kammaṭṭhānāvijahanameva gocarasampajaññanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Abbhantare <a name="V1.0161"></a> attā nāma koci samiñjento vā pasārento vā natthi, vuttappakāracittakiriyavāyodhātuvipphārena pana suttākaḍḍhanavasena dāruyantassa hatthapādalacalanaṃ viya samiñjanapasāraṇaṃ hotīti evaṃ parijānanaṃ panettha asammohasampajaññanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saṅghāṭipattacīvaradhāraṇe</span>ti ettha saṅghāṭicīvarānaṃ <a name="P1.0198"></a> nivāsanapārupanavasena pattassa bhikkhāpaṭiggahaṇādivasena paribhogo dhāraṇaṃ nāma. Tattha saṅghāṭicīvaradhāraṇe tāva nivāsetvā vā pārupitvā vā piṇḍāya carato āmisalābho sītassa paṭighātāyātiādinā nayena bhagavatā vuttappakāroyeva ca attho attho nāma. Tassa vasena sātthakasampajaññaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Uṇhapakatikassa pana dubbalassa ca cīvaraṃ sukhumaṃ sappāyaṃ, sītālukassa ghanaṃ dupaṭṭaṃ. Viparītaṃ asappāyaṃ. Yassa kassaci jiṇṇaṃ asappāyameva, aggaḷādidānena hissa taṃ palibodhakaraṃ hoti. Tathā paṭṭuṇṇadukūlādibhedaṃ lobhanīyacīvaraṃ. Tādisañhi araññe ekakassa nivāsantarāyakaraṃ jīvitantarāyakarañcāpi hoti. Nippariyāyena pana yaṃ nimittakammādimicchājīvavasena uppannaṃ, yañcassa sevamānassa akusalā dhammā abhivaḍḍhanti, kusalā dhammā parihāyanti, taṃ asappāyaṃ. Viparītaṃ sappāyaṃ. Tassa vasenettha sappāyasampajaññaṃ. Kammaṭṭhānāvijahanavaseneva gocarasampajaññaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Abbhantare attā nāma koci cīvaraṃ pārupento natthi, vuttappakārena cittakiriyavāyodhātuvipphāreneva pana cīvarapārupanaṃ hoti. Tattha cīvarampi acetanaṃ, kāyopi acetano. Cīvaraṃ na jānāti – ‘‘mayā kāyo pārupito’’ti. Kāyopi na jānāti – ‘‘ahaṃ cīvarena pārupito’’ti. Dhātuyova dhātusamūhaṃ paṭicchādenti paṭapilotikāyapotthakarūpapaṭicchādane viya. Tasmā neva sundaraṃ cīvaraṃ labhitvā somanassaṃ kātabbaṃ, na asundaraṃ labhitvā domanassaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nāgavammikacetiyarukkhādīsu <a name="M1.0178"></a> hi keci mālāgandhadhūmavatthādīhi sakkāraṃ karonti, keci gūthamuttakaddamadaṇḍasatthappahārādīhi asakkāraṃ. Na tehi nāgavammikarukkhādayo somanassaṃ vā domanassaṃ vā karonti. Evameva neva sundaraṃ cīvaraṃ labhitvā somanassaṃ kātabbaṃ<a name="P1.0199"></a>, na asundaraṃ labhitvā domanassanti, evaṃ pavattapaṭisaṅkhānavasenettha asammohasampajaññaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pattadhāraṇepi <a name="V1.0162"></a> pattaṃ sahasāva aggahetvā imaṃ gahetvā piṇḍāya caramāno bhikkhaṃ labhissāmīti, evaṃ pattaggahaṇapaccayā paṭilabhitabbaṃ atthavasena sātthakasampajaññaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kisadubbalasarīrassa pana garupatto asappāyo, yassa kassaci catupañcagaṇṭhikāhato dubbisodhanīyo asappāyova. Duddhotapattopi na vaṭṭati, taṃ dhovantasseva cassa palibodho hoti. Maṇivaṇṇapatto pana lobhanīyo, cīvare vuttanayeneva asappāyo, nimittakammādivasena laddho pana yañcassa sevamānassa akusalā dhammā abhivaḍḍhanti, kusalā dhammā parihāyanti, ayaṃ ekantaasappāyova. Viparīto sappāyo. Tassa vasenettha sappāyasampajaññaṃ. Kammaṭṭhānāvijahanavaseneva ca gocarasampajaññaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Abbhantare attā nāma koci pattaṃ gaṇhanto natthi, vuttappakārena cittakiriyavāyodhātuvipphāravaseneva pattaggahaṇaṃ nāma hoti. Tattha pattopi acetano, hatthāpi acetanā. Patto na jānāti – ‘‘ahaṃ hatthehi gahito’’ti. Hatthāpi na jānanti – ‘‘amhehi patto gahito’’ti. Dhātuyova dhātusamūhaṃ gaṇhanti, saṇḍāsena aggivaṇṇapattaggahaṇe viyāti. Evaṃ pavattapaṭisaṅkhānavasenettha asammohasampajaññaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Api ca yathā chinnahatthapāde vaṇamukhehi paggharitapubbalohitakimikule nīlamakkhikasamparikiṇṇe anāthasālāyaṃ nipanne anāthamanusse disvā, ye dayālukā purisā, te tesaṃ vaṇamattacoḷakāni ceva kapālādīhi ca bhesajjāni upanāmenti. Tattha coḷakānipi kesañci saṇhāni, kesañci thūlāni pāpuṇanti. Bhesajjakapālakānipi kesañci <a name="M1.0179"></a> susaṇṭhānāni, kesañci dussaṇṭhānāni pāpuṇanti, na te tattha sumanā vā dummanā vā honti<a name="P1.0200"></a>. Vaṇapaṭicchādanamatteneva hi coḷakena, bhesajjapaṭiggahaṇamatteneva ca kapālakena tesaṃ attho. Evameva yo bhikkhu vaṇacoḷakaṃ viya cīvaraṃ, bhesajjakapālakaṃ viya ca pattaṃ, kapāle bhesajjamiva ca patte laddhaṃ bhikkhaṃ sallakkheti, ayaṃ saṅghāṭipattacīvaradhāraṇe asammohasampajaññena uttamasampajānakārīti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Asitādīsu <span class="bld">asite</span>ti piṇḍapātabhojane. <span class="bld">Pīte</span>ti yāguādipāne. <span class="bld">Khāyite</span>ti piṭṭhakhajjādikhādane. <span class="bld">Sāyite</span>ti madhuphāṇitādisāyane. Tattha neva davāyātiādinā nayena vutto aṭṭhavidhopi attho attho nāma. Tasseva vasena sātthakasampajaññaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Lūkhapaṇītatittamadhurarasādīsu <a name="V1.0163"></a> pana yena bhojanena yassa phāsu na hoti, taṃ tassa asappāyaṃ. Yaṃ pana nimittakammādivasena paṭiladdhaṃ, yañcassa bhuñjato akusalā dhammā abhivaḍḍhanti, kusalā dhammā parihāyanti, taṃ ekantaasappāyameva, viparītaṃ sappāyaṃ. Tassa vasenettha sappāyasampajaññaṃ. Kammaṭṭhānāvijahanavaseneva ca gocarasampajaññaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Abbhantare attā nāma koci bhuñjako natthi, vuttappakāracittakiriyavāyodhātuvipphāreneva pattappaṭiggahaṇaṃ nāma hoti. Cittakiriyavāyodhātuvipphāreneva hatthassa patte otāraṇaṃ nāma hoti. Cittakiriyavāyodhātuvipphāreneva ālopakaraṇaṃ ālopauddhāraṇaṃ mukhavivaraṇañca hoti, na koci kuñcikāya yantakena vā hanukaṭṭhīni vivarati. Cittakiriyavāyodhātuvipphāreneva ālopassa mukhe ṭhapanaṃ, uparidantānaṃ musalakiccasādhanaṃ, heṭṭhimadantānaṃ udukkhalakiccasādhanaṃ, jivhāya hatthakiccasādhanañca hoti. Iti tattha aggajivhāya tanukakheḷo mūlajivhāya bahalakheḷo makkheti. Taṃ heṭṭhādantaudukkhale jivhāhatthaparivattakaṃ kheḷodakena temitaṃ uparidantamusalasañcuṇṇitaṃ koci kaṭacchunā <a name="P1.0201"></a> vā dabbiyā vā antopavesento nāma natthi, vāyodhātuyāva pavisati. Paviṭṭhaṃ paviṭṭhaṃ koci palālasanthāraṃ katvā dhārento nāma natthi, vāyodhātuvaseneva tiṭṭhati. Ṭhitaṃ ṭhitaṃ koci uddhanaṃ katvā aggiṃ jāletvā pacanto nāma natthi, tejodhātuyāva paccati. Pakkaṃ pakkaṃ koci daṇḍakena vā <a name="M1.0180"></a> yaṭṭhiyā vā bahi nīhārako nāma natthi, vāyodhātuyeva nīharati. Iti vāyodhātu paṭiharati ca, vītiharati ca, dhāreti ca, parivatteti ca, sañcuṇṇeti ca, visoseti ca, nīharati ca. Pathavīdhātu dhāreti ca, parivatteti ca, sañcuṇṇeti ca, visoseti ca. Āpodhātu sineheti ca, allattañca anupāleti. Tejodhātu antopaviṭṭhaṃ paripāceti. Ākāsadhātu añjaso hoti. Viññāṇadhātu tattha tattha sammāpayogamanvāya ābhujatīti. Evaṃ pavattapaṭisaṅkhānavasenettha asammohasampajaññaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Api ca gamanato pariyesanato paribhogato āsayato nidhānato aparipakkato paripakkato phalato nissandato sammakkhanatoti, evaṃ dasavidhapaṭikūlabhāvapaccavekkhaṇato pettha asammohasampajaññaṃ veditabbaṃ. Vitthārakathā panettha visuddhimagge āhārapaṭikūlasaññāniddesato gahetabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uccārapassāvakamme</span>ti uccārassa ca passāvassa ca karaṇe. Tattha pattakāle uccārapassāvaṃ akarontassa sakalasarīrato sedā muccanti, akkhīni bhamanti, cittaṃ na ekaggaṃ <a name="V1.0164"></a> hoti, aññe ca rogā uppajjanti. Karontassa pana sabbaṃ taṃ na hotīti ayamettha attho. Tassa vasena sātthakasampajaññaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aṭṭhāne uccārapassāvaṃ karontassa pana āpatti hoti, ayaso vaḍḍhati, jīvitantarāyo hoti, patirūpe ṭhāne karontassa sabbaṃ taṃ na hotīti idamettha sappāyaṃ tassa vasena sappāyasampajaññaṃ. Kammaṭṭhānāvijahanavaseneva ca gocarasampajaññaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Abbhantare attā nāma uccārapassāvakammaṃ karonto natthi, cittakiriyavāyodhātuvipphāreneva pana uccārapassāvakammaṃ hoti<a name="P1.0202"></a>. Yathā vā pana pakke gaṇḍe gaṇḍabhedena pubbalohitaṃ akāmatāya nikkhamati. Yathā ca atibharitā udakabhājanā udakaṃ akāmatāya nikkhamati. Evaṃ pakkāsayamuttavatthīsu sannicitā uccārapassāvā vāyuvegasamuppīḷitā akāmatāyapi nikkhamanti. So panāyaṃ evaṃ nikkhamanto uccārapassāvo neva <a name="M1.0181"></a> tassa bhikkhuno attano hoti, na parassa, kevalaṃ sarīranissandova hoti. Yathā kiṃ? Yathā udakatumbato purāṇudakaṃ chaḍḍentassa neva taṃ attano hoti, na paresaṃ; kevalaṃ paṭijagganamattameva hoti; evaṃ pavattapaṭisaṅkhānavasenettha asammohasampajaññaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Gatādīsu <span class="bld">gate</span>ti gamane. <span class="bld">Ṭhite</span>ti ṭhāne. <span class="bld">Nisinne</span>ti nisajjāya. <span class="bld">Sutte</span>ti sayane. <span class="bld">Jāgarite</span>ti jāgaraṇe. <span class="bld">Bhāsite</span>ti kathane. <span class="bld">Tuṇhībhāve</span>ti akathane. ‘‘Gacchanto vā gacchāmīti pajānāti, ṭhito vā ṭhitomhīti pajānāti, nisinno vā nisinnomhīti pajānāti, sayāno vā sayānomhīti pajānātī’’ti imasmiñhi sutte addhānairiyāpathā kathitā. ‘‘Abhikkante paṭikkante ālokite vilokite samiñjite pasārite’’ti imasmiṃ majjhimā. ‘‘Gate ṭhite nisinne sutte jāgarite’’ti idha pana khuddakacuṇṇiyairiyāpathā kathitā. Tasmā tesupi vuttanayeneva sampajānakāritā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tipiṭakamahāsivatthero</span> panāha – yo ciraṃ gantvā vā caṅkamitvā vā aparabhāge ṭhito iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘‘caṅkamanakāle pavattā rūpārūpadhammā ettheva niruddhā’’ti<a name="P1.0203"></a>. Ayaṃ gate sampajānakārī nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yo sajjhāyaṃ vā karonto, pañhaṃ vā vissajjento, kammaṭṭhānaṃ vā manasikaronto ciraṃ ṭhatvā <a name="V1.0165"></a> aparabhāge nisinno iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘‘ṭhitakāle pavattā rūpārūpadhammā ettheva niruddhā’’ti. Ayaṃ ṭhite sampajānakārī nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yo sajjhāyādikaraṇavaseneva ciraṃ nisīditvā aparabhāge uṭṭhāya iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘‘nisinnakāle pavattā rūpārūpadhammā ettheva niruddhā’’ti. Ayaṃ nisinne sampajānakārī nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yo pana nipannako sajjhāyaṃ vā karonto kammaṭṭhānaṃ vā manasikaronto niddaṃ okkamitvā aparabhāge uṭṭhāya iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘‘sayanakāle pavattā rūpārūpadhammā ettheva niruddhā’’ti. Ayaṃ sutte jāgarite ca sampajānakārī nāma. Kiriyamayacittānañhi appavattanaṃ soppaṃ nāma, pavattanaṃ jāgaritaṃ nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yo <a name="M1.0182"></a> pana bhāsamāno – ‘‘ayaṃ saddo nāma oṭṭhe ca paṭicca, dante ca jivhañca tāluñca paṭicca, cittassa ca tadanurūpaṃ payogaṃ paṭicca jāyatī’’ti sato sampajānova bhāsati. Ciraṃ vā pana kālaṃ sajjhāyaṃ vā katvā, dhammaṃ vā kathetvā, kammaṭṭhānaṃ vā pavattetvā, pañhaṃ vā vissajjetvā, aparabhāge tuṇhībhūto iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘‘bhāsitakāle uppannā rūpārūpadhammā ettheva niruddhā’’ti. Ayaṃ bhāsite sampajānakārī nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yo tuṇhībhūto ciraṃ dhammaṃ vā kammaṭṭhānaṃ vā manasikatvā aparabhāge iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘‘tuṇhībhūtakāle pavattā rūpārūpadhammā ettheva niruddhā’’ti. Upādārūpappavattiyañhi sati bhāsati nāma, asati tuṇhī bhavati nāmāti. Ayaṃ tuṇhībhāve sampajānakārī nāmāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tayidaṃ mahāsivattherena vuttaṃ asammohadhuraṃ mahāsatipaṭṭhānasutte adhippetaṃ. Imasmiṃ pana sāmaññaphale sabbampi catubbidhaṃ sampajaññaṃ labbhati. Tasmā vuttanayeneva cettha catunnaṃ sampajaññānaṃ vasena sampajānakāritā veditabbā. Sampajānakārīti ca sabbapadesu satisampayuttasseva sampajaññassa vasena attho veditabbo. Satisampajaññena samannāgatoti etassa hi padassa ayaṃ vitthāro. Vibhaṅgappakaraṇe pana – ‘‘sato sampajāno abhikkamati, sato sampajāno paṭikkamatī’’ti evaṃ etāni padāni vibhattāneva. <span class="bld">Evaṃ, kho mahārājā</span>ti evaṃ <a name="V1.0166"></a> satisampayuttassa sampajaññassa <a name="P1.0204"></a> vasena abhikkamādīni pavattento satisampajaññena samannāgato nāma hotīti attho.</p>
<p class="subhead">Santosakathā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para215"></a><a name="para215_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">215</span>. <span class="bld">Idha, mahārāja, bhikkhu santuṭṭho hotī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">santuṭṭho</span>ti itarītarapaccayasantosena samannāgato. So panesa <span class="bld">santoso dvādasavidho</span> hoti, seyyathidaṃ – cīvare yathālābhasantoso, yathābalasantoso, yathāsāruppasantosoti tividho. Evaṃ piṇḍapātādīsu. Tassāyaṃ pabhedavaṇṇanā –</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idha bhikkhu cīvaraṃ labhati, sundaraṃ vā asundaraṃ vā. So teneva yāpeti, aññaṃ na pattheti, labhantopi na gaṇhati. Ayamassa cīvare yathālābhasantoso. Atha pana pakatidubbalo vā hoti, ābādhajarābhibhūto <a name="M1.0183"></a> vā, garucīvaraṃ pārupanto kilamati. So sabhāgena bhikkhunā saddhiṃ taṃ parivattetvā lahukena yāpentopi santuṭṭhova hoti. Ayamassa cīvare yathābalasantoso. Aparo paṇītapaccayalābhī hoti. So pattacīvarādīnaṃ aññataraṃ mahagghapattacīvaraṃ bahūni vā pana pattacīvarāni labhitvā idaṃ therānaṃ cirapabbajitānaṃ, idaṃ bahussutānaṃ anurūpaṃ, idaṃ gilānānaṃ, idaṃ appalābhīnaṃ hotūti datvā tesaṃ purāṇacīvaraṃ vā gahetvā saṅkārakūṭādito vā nantakāni uccinitvā tehi saṅghāṭiṃ katvā dhārentopi santuṭṭhova hoti. Ayamassa cīvare yathāsāruppasantoso.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idha pana bhikkhu piṇḍapātaṃ labhati lūkhaṃ vā paṇītaṃ vā, so teneva yāpeti, aññaṃ na pattheti, labhantopi na gaṇhati. Ayamassa piṇḍapāte yathālābhasantoso. Yo pana attano pakativiruddhaṃ vā byādhiviruddhaṃ vā piṇḍapātaṃ labhati, yenassa paribhuttena aphāsu hoti. So sabhāgassa bhikkhuno taṃ datvā tassa hatthato sappāyabhojanaṃ bhuñjitvā samaṇadhammaṃ karontopi santuṭṭhova hoti. Ayamassa piṇḍapāte yathābalasantoso. Aparo bahuṃ paṇītaṃ piṇḍapātaṃ labhati. So taṃ cīvaraṃ viya theracirapabbajitabahussutaappalābhīgilānānaṃ datvā tesaṃ vā sesakaṃ piṇḍāya vā caritvā <a name="P1.0205"></a> missakāhāraṃ bhuñjantopi santuṭṭhova hoti. Ayamassa piṇḍapāte yathāsāruppasantoso.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idha pana bhikkhu senāsanaṃ labhati, manāpaṃ vā amanāpaṃ vā, so tena neva somanassaṃ, na <a name="V1.0167"></a> domanassaṃ uppādeti; antamaso tiṇasanthārakenapi yathāladdheneva tussati. Ayamassa senāsane yathālābhasantoso. Yo pana attano pakativiruddhaṃ vā byādhiviruddhaṃ vā senāsanaṃ labhati, yatthassa vasato aphāsu hoti, so taṃ sabhāgassa bhikkhuno datvā tassa santake sappāyasenāsane vasantopi santuṭṭhova hoti. Ayamassa senāsane yathābalasantoso.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparo mahāpuñño leṇamaṇḍapakūṭāgārādīni bahūni paṇītasenāsanāni labhati. So tāni cīvaraṃ viya theracirapabbajitabahussutaappalābhīgilānānaṃ datvā yattha katthaci vasantopi santuṭṭhova hoti. Ayamassa <a name="M1.0184"></a> senāsane yathāsāruppasantoso. Yopi – ‘‘uttamasenāsanaṃ nāma pamādaṭṭhānaṃ, tattha nisinnassa thinamiddhaṃ okkamati, niddābhibhūtassa puna paṭibujjhato kāmavitakkā pātubhavantī’’ti paṭisañcikkhitvā tādisaṃ senāsanaṃ pattampi na sampaṭicchati. So taṃ paṭikkhipitvā abbhokāsarukkhamūlādīsu vasantopi santuṭṭhova hoti. Ayampissa senāsane yathāsāruppasantoso.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idha pana bhikkhu bhesajjaṃ labhati, lūkhaṃ vā paṇītaṃ vā, so yaṃ labhati, teneva tussati, aññaṃ na pattheti, labhantopi na gaṇhati. Ayamassa gilānapaccaye yathālābhasantoso. Yo pana telena atthiko phāṇitaṃ labhati. So taṃ sabhāgassa bhikkhuno datvā tassa hatthato telaṃ gahetvā aññadeva vā pariyesitvā bhesajjaṃ karontopi santuṭṭhova hoti. Ayamassa gilānapaccaye yathābalasantoso.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparo mahāpuñño bahuṃ telamadhuphāṇitādipaṇītabhesajjaṃ labhati. So taṃ cīvaraṃ viya theracirapabbajitabahussutaappalābhīgilānānaṃ datvā tesaṃ ābhatena yena kenaci yāpentopi santuṭṭhova hoti. Yo pana ekasmiṃ bhājane muttaharīṭakaṃ <a name="P1.0206"></a> ṭhapetvā ekasmiṃ catumadhuraṃ – ‘‘gaṇhāhi, bhante, yadicchasī’’ti vuccamāno sacassa tesu aññatarenapi rogo vūpasammati, atha muttaharīṭakaṃ nāma buddhādīhi vaṇṇitanti catumadhuraṃ paṭikkhipitvā muttaharīṭakeneva bhesajjaṃ karonto paramasantuṭṭhova hoti. Ayamassa gilānapaccaye yathāsāruppasantoso.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Iminā pana dvādasavidhena itarītarapaccayasantosena samannāgatassa bhikkhuno aṭṭha parikkhārā vaṭṭanti. Tīṇi cīvarāni, patto, dantakaṭṭhacchedanavāsi, ekā sūci, kāyabandhanaṃ parissāvananti. Vuttampi cetaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Ticīvarañca <a name="V1.0168"></a> patto ca, vāsi sūci ca bandhanaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Parissāvanena aṭṭhete, yuttayogassa bhikkhuno’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Te sabbe kāyaparihārikāpi honti kucchiparihārikāpi. Kathaṃ? Ticīvaraṃ tāva nivāsetvā ca pārupitvā ca vicaraṇakāle kāyaṃ pariharati, posetīti kāyaparihārikaṃ hoti. Cīvarakaṇṇena udakaṃ parissāvetvā <a name="M1.0185"></a> pivanakāle khāditabbaphalāphalagahaṇakāle ca kucchiṃ pariharati; posetīti kucchiparihārikaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pattopi tena udakaṃ uddharitvā nhānakāle kuṭiparibhaṇḍakaraṇakāle ca kāyaparihāriko hoti. Āhāraṃ gahetvā bhuñjanakāle kucchiparihāriko.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vāsipi tāya dantakaṭṭhacchedanakāle mañcapīṭhānaṃ aṅgapādacīvarakuṭidaṇḍakasajjanakāle ca kāyaparihārikā hoti. Ucchuchedananāḷikerāditacchanakāle kucchiparihārikā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sūcipi cīvarasibbanakāle kāyaparihārikā hoti. Pūvaṃ vā phalaṃ vā vijjhitvā khādanakāle kucchiparihārikā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāyabandhanaṃ bandhitvā vicaraṇakāle kāyaparihārikaṃ. Ucchuādīni bandhitvā gahaṇakāle kucchiparihārikaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Parissāvanaṃ tena udakaṃ parissāvetvā nhānakāle, senāsanaparibhaṇḍakaraṇakāle ca kāyaparihārikaṃ. Pānīyaṃ parissāvanakāle, teneva tilataṇḍulaputhukādīni gahetvā khādanakāle ca kucchiparihāriyaṃ. Ayaṃ tāva aṭṭhaparikkhārikassa parikkhāramattā. Navaparikkhārikassa <a name="P1.0207"></a> pana seyyaṃ pavisantassa tatraṭṭhakaṃ paccattharaṇaṃ vā kuñcikā vā vaṭṭati. Dasaparikkhārikassa nisīdanaṃ vā cammakhaṇḍaṃ vā vaṭṭati. Ekādasaparikkhārikassa pana kattarayaṭṭhi vā telanāḷikā vā vaṭṭati. Dvādasaparikkhārikassa chattaṃ vā upāhanaṃ vā vaṭṭati. Etesu ca aṭṭhaparikkhārikova santuṭṭho, itare asantuṭṭhā mahicchā mahābhārāti na vattabbā. Etepi hi appicchāva santuṭṭhāva subharāva sallahukavuttinova. Bhagavā pana na yimaṃ suttaṃ tesaṃ vasena kathesi, aṭṭhaparikkhārikassa vasena kathesi. So hi khuddakavāsiñca sūciñca parissāvane pakkhipitvā pattassa anto ṭhapetvā pattaṃ aṃsakūṭe laggetvā ticīvaraṃ kāyapaṭibaddhaṃ katvā yenicchakaṃ <a name="V1.0169"></a> sukhaṃ pakkamati. Paṭinivattetvā gahetabbaṃ nāmassa na hoti. Iti <a name="M1.0186"></a> imassa bhikkhuno sallahukavuttitaṃ dassento bhagavā – ‘‘santuṭṭho hoti kāyaparihārikena cīvarenā’’tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">kāyaparihārikenā</span>ti kāyapariharaṇamattakena. <span class="bld">Kucchiparihārikenā</span>ti kucchipariharaṇamattakena. <span class="bld">Samādāyeva pakkamatī</span>ti aṭṭhaparikkhāramattakaṃ sabbaṃ gahetvāva kāyapaṭibaddhaṃ katvāva gacchati. ‘‘Mama vihāro pariveṇaṃ upaṭṭhāko’’ti āsaṅgo vā bandho vā na hoti. So jiyā mutto saro viya, yūthā apakkanto madahatthī viya ca icchiticchitaṃ senāsanaṃ vanasaṇḍaṃ rukkhamūlaṃ vanapabbhāraṃ paribhuñjanto ekova tiṭṭhati, ekova nisīdati. Sabbiriyāpathesu ekova adutiyo.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Cātuddiso appaṭigho ca hoti,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Santussamāno itarītarena;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Parissayānaṃ sahitā achambhī,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Eko care khaggavisāṇakappo’’ti. (su. ni. 42);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ vaṇṇitaṃ khaggavisāṇakappataṃ āpajjati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni <a name="P1.0208"></a> tamatthaṃ upamāya sādhento – ‘‘seyyathāpī’’tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">pakkhī sakuṇo</span>ti pakkhayutto sakuṇo. <span class="bld">Ḍetī</span>ti uppatati. Ayaṃ panettha saṅkhepattho – sakuṇā nāma ‘‘asukasmiṃ padese rukkho paripakkaphalo’’ti ñatvā nānādisāhi āgantvā nakhapattatuṇḍādīhi tassa phalāni vijjhantā vidhunantā khādanti. ‘Idaṃ ajjatanāya, idaṃ svātanāya bhavissatī’ti tesaṃ na hoti. Phale pana khīṇe neva rukkhassa ārakkhaṃ ṭhapenti, na tattha pattaṃ vā nakhaṃ vā tuṇḍaṃ vā ṭhapenti. Atha kho tasmiṃ rukkhe anapekkho hutvā, yo yaṃ disābhāgaṃ icchati, so tena sapattabhārova uppatitvā gacchati. Evameva ayaṃ bhikkhu nissaṅgo nirapekkho yena kāmaṃ pakkamati. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘samādāyeva pakkamatī’’ti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Nīvaraṇappahānakathā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para216"></a><a name="para216_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">216</span>. <span class="bld">So</span> <a name="M1.0187"></a> <span class="bld">iminā cā</span>tiādinā kiṃ dasseti? Araññavāsassa paccayasampattiṃ dasseti. Yassa hi ime cattāro paccayā natthi, tassa araññavāso na ijjhati. Tiracchānagatehi vā vanacarakehi vā saddhiṃ vattabbataṃ āpajjati. Araññe adhivatthā devatā – ‘‘kiṃ <a name="V1.0170"></a> evarūpassa pāpabhikkhuno araññavāsenā’’ti bheravasaddaṃ sāventi, hatthehi sīsaṃ paharitvā palāyanākāraṃ karonti. ‘‘Asuko bhikkhu araññaṃ pavisitvā idañcidañca pāpakammaṃ akāsī’’ti ayaso pattharati. Yassa panete cattāro paccayā atthi, tassa araññavāso ijjhati. So hi attano sīlaṃ paccavekkhanto kiñci kāḷakaṃ vā tilakaṃ vā apassanto pītiṃ uppādetvā taṃ khayavayato sammasanto ariyabhūmiṃ okkamati. Araññe adhivatthā devatā attamanā vaṇṇaṃ bhaṇanti. Itissa udake pakkhittatelabindu viya yaso vitthāriko hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">vivitta</span>nti suññaṃ, appasaddaṃ, appanigghosanti attho. Etadeva hi sandhāya vibhaṅge – ‘‘vivittanti santike cepi senāsanaṃ hoti, tañca anākiṇṇaṃ gahaṭṭhehi pabbajitehi. Tena taṃ vivitta’’nti vuttaṃ. Seti ceva āsati ca etthāti senāsanaṃ mañcapīṭhādīnametaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Tenāha – ‘‘senāsananti mañcopi senāsanaṃ<a name="P1.0209"></a>, pīṭhampi, bhisipi, bimbohanampi, vihāropi, aḍḍhayogopi, pāsādopi, hammiyampi, guhāpi, aṭṭopi, māḷopi leṇampi, veḷugumbopi, rukkhamūlampi, maṇḍapopi, senāsanaṃ, yattha vā pana bhikkhū paṭikkamanti, sabbametaṃ senāsana’’nti (vibha. 527).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Api ca – ‘‘vihāro aḍḍhayogo pāsādo hammiyaṃ guhā’’ti idaṃ vihārasenāsanaṃ nāma. ‘‘Mañco pīṭhaṃ bhisi bimbohana’’nti idaṃ mañcapīṭhasenāsanaṃ nāma. ‘‘Cimilikā cammakhaṇḍo tiṇasanthāro paṇṇasanthāro’’ti idaṃ santhatasenāsanaṃ nāma. ‘‘Yattha vā pana bhikkhū paṭikkamantī’’ti idaṃ okāsasenāsanaṃ nāmāti. Evaṃ catubbidhaṃ senāsanaṃ hoti, taṃ sabbaṃ senāsanaggahaṇena saṅgahitameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idha panassa sakuṇasadisassa cātuddisassa bhikkhuno anucchavikasenāsanaṃ dassento araññaṃ rukkhamūlantiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">arañña</span>nti nikkhamitvā <a name="M1.0188"></a> bahi indakhīlā sabbametaṃ araññanti. Idaṃ bhikkhunīnaṃ vasena āgataṃ. ‘‘Āraññakaṃ nāma senāsanaṃ pañcadhanusatikaṃ pacchima’’nti (pārā. 654) idaṃ pana imassa bhikkhuno anurūpaṃ. Tassa lakkhaṇaṃ visuddhimagge dhutaṅganiddese vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Rukkhamūla</span>nti yaṃ kiñci sandacchāyaṃ vivittarukkhamūlaṃ. <span class="bld">Pabbata</span>nti selaṃ. Tattha hi udakasoṇḍīsu udakakiccaṃ katvā sītāya rukkhacchāyāya nisinnassa nānādisāsu khāyamānāsu sītena vātena bījiyamānassa cittaṃ ekaggaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Kandara</span>nti kaṃ vuccati udakaṃ, tena dāritaṃ, udakena bhinnaṃ pabbatapadesaṃ. Yaṃ nadītumbantipi, nadīkuñjantipi <a name="V1.0171"></a> vadanti. Tattha hi rajatapaṭṭasadisā vālikā hoti, matthake maṇivitānaṃ viya vanagahaṇaṃ, maṇikhandhasadisaṃ udakaṃ sandati. Evarūpaṃ kandaraṃ oruyha pānīyaṃ pivitvā gattāni sītāni katvā vālikaṃ ussāpetvā <a name="P1.0210"></a> paṃsukūlacīvaraṃ paññapetvā nisinnassa samaṇadhammaṃ karoto cittaṃ ekaggaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Giriguha</span>nti dvinnaṃ pabbatānaṃ antare, ekasmiṃyeva vā umaggasadisaṃ mahāvivaraṃ susānalakkhaṇaṃ visuddhimagge vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Vanapattha</span>nti gāmantaṃ atikkamitvā manussānaṃ anupacāraṭṭhānaṃ, yattha na kasanti na vapanti, tenevāha – ‘‘vanapatthanti dūrānametaṃ senāsanānaṃ adhivacana’’ntiādi. <span class="bld">Abbhokāsa</span>nti acchannaṃ. Ākaṅkhamāno panettha cīvarakuṭiṃ katvā vasati. <span class="bld">Palālapuñja</span>nti palālarāsi. Mahāpalālapuñjato hi palālaṃ nikkaḍḍhitvā pabbhāraleṇasadise ālaye karonti, gacchagumbhādīnampi upari palālaṃ pakkhipitvā heṭṭhā nisinnā samaṇadhammaṃ karonti. Taṃ sandhāyetaṃ vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pacchābhatta</span>nti bhattassa pacchato. <span class="bld">Piṇḍapātapaṭikkanto</span>ti piṇḍapātapariyesanato paṭikkanto. <span class="bld">Pallaṅka</span>nti samantato ūrubaddhāsanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ābhujitvā</span>ti bandhitvā. <span class="bld">Ujuṃ kāyaṃ paṇidhāyā</span>ti uparimaṃ sarīraṃ ujuṃ ṭhapetvā aṭṭhārasa piṭṭhikaṇṭakaṭṭhike koṭiyā koṭiṃ paṭipādetvā. Evañhi nisinnassa cammamaṃsanhārūni na paṇamanti. Athassa yā tesaṃ paṇamanapaccayā khaṇe khaṇe vedanā uppajjeyyuṃ, tā nuppajjanti. Tāsu anuppajjamānāsu cittaṃ ekaggaṃ hoti, kammaṭṭhānaṃ na paripatati, vuḍḍhiṃ phātiṃ vepullaṃ upagacchati. <span class="bld">Parimukhaṃ satiṃ upaṭṭhapetvā</span>ti kammaṭṭhānābhimukhaṃ satiṃ ṭhapayitvā. Mukhasamīpe <a name="M1.0189"></a> vā katvāti attho. Teneva vibhaṅge vuttaṃ – ‘‘ayaṃ sati upaṭṭhitā hoti sūpaṭṭhitā nāsikagge <a name="P1.0211"></a> vā mukhanimitte vā, tena vuccati parimukhaṃ satiṃ upaṭṭhapetvā’’ti (vibha. 537). Athavā <span class="bld">parī</span>ti pariggahaṭṭho. <span class="bld">Mukha</span>nti niyyānaṭṭho. <span class="bld">Satī</span>ti upaṭṭhānaṭṭho. Tena vuccati – ‘‘parimukhaṃ sati’’nti. Evaṃ paṭisambhidāyaṃ vuttanayenapettha attho daṭṭhabbo. Tatrāyaṃ saṅkhepo – ‘‘pariggahitaniyyānasatiṃ katvā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para217"></a><a name="para217_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">217</span>. <span class="bld">Abhijjhaṃ loke</span>ti ettha lujjanapalujjanaṭṭhena pañcupādānakkhandhā loko, tasmā pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu rāgaṃ pahāya kāmacchandaṃ vikkhambhetvāti ayametthattho. <span class="bld">Vigatābhijjhenā</span>ti vikkhambhanavasena pahīnattā vigatābhijjhena, na cakkhuviññāṇasadisenāti attho. <span class="bld">Abhijjhāya cittaṃ parisodhetī</span>ti abhijjhāto cittaṃ parimoceti. Yathā taṃ sā muñcati ceva, muñcitvā ca na puna gaṇhati, evaṃ karotīti attho. <span class="bld">Byāpādapadosaṃ pahāyā</span>tiādīsupi eseva nayo. Byāpajjati iminā cittaṃ pūtikummāsādayo viya purimapakatiṃ vijahatīti byāpādo. Vikārāpattiyā padussati, paraṃ vā padūseti vināsetīti padoso. Ubhayametaṃ kodhassevādhivacanaṃ<a name="V1.0172"></a>. Thinaṃ cittagelaññaṃ. Middhaṃ cetasikagelaññaṃ, thinañca middhañca thinamiddhaṃ. <span class="bld">Ālokasaññī</span>ti rattimpi divādiṭṭhālokasañjānanasamatthāya vigatanīvaraṇāya parisuddhāya saññāya samannāgato. <span class="bld">Sato sampajāno</span>ti satiyā ca ñāṇena ca samannāgato. Idaṃ ubhayaṃ ālokasaññāya upakārattā vuttaṃ. Uddhaccañca kukkuccañca uddhaccakukkuccaṃ. <span class="bld">Tiṇṇavicikiccho</span>ti vicikicchaṃ taritvā atikkamitvā ṭhito. ‘‘Kathamidaṃ kathamida’’nti evaṃ nappavattatīti akathaṃkathī. <span class="bld">Kusalesu dhammesū</span>ti anavajjesu dhammesu. ‘‘Ime nu kho kusalā kathamime kusalā’’ti evaṃ na vicikicchati. Na kaṅkhatīti attho. Ayamettha <a name="P1.0212"></a> saṅkhepo. Imesu pana nīvaraṇesu vacanatthalakkhaṇādibhedato yaṃ vattabbaṃ siyā, taṃ sabbaṃ visuddhimagge vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para218"></a><a name="para218_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">218</span>. Yā panāyaṃ <span class="bld">seyyathāpi mahārājā</span>ti upamā vuttā. Tattha <span class="bld">iṇaṃ ādāyā</span>ti vaḍḍhiyā dhanaṃ gahetvā. <span class="bld">Byantiṃ kareyyā</span>ti vigatantaṃ kareyya<a name="M1.0190"></a>, yathā tesaṃ kākaṇikamattopi pariyanto nāma nāvasissati, evaṃ kareyya; sabbaso paṭiniyyāteyyāti attho. <span class="bld">Tato nidāna</span>nti āṇaṇyanidānaṃ. So hi ‘‘aṇaṇomhī’’ti āvajjanto balavapāmojjaṃ labhati, somanassaṃ adhigacchati, tena vuttaṃ – <span class="bld">‘‘labhetha pāmojjaṃ, adhigaccheyya somanassa’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para219"></a><a name="para219_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">219</span>. Visabhāgavedanuppattiyā kakaceneva catuiriyāpathaṃ chindanto ābādhatīti ābādho, svāssa atthīti <span class="bld">ābādhiko.</span> Taṃ samuṭṭhānena dukkhena <span class="bld">dukkhito. Adhimattagilāno</span>ti bāḷhagilāno. <span class="bld">Nacchādeyyā</span>ti adhimattabyādhiparetatāya na rucceyya. <span class="bld">Balamattā</span>ti balameva, balañcassa kāye na bhaveyyāti attho. <span class="bld">Tatonidāna</span>nti ārogyanidānaṃ. Tassa hi – ‘‘arogomhī’’ti āvajjayato tadubhayaṃ hoti. Tena vuttaṃ – <span class="bld">‘‘labhetha pāmojjaṃ, adhigaccheyya somanassa’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para220"></a><a name="para220_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">220</span>. <span class="bld">Na cassa kiñci bhogānaṃ vayo</span>ti kākaṇikamattampi bhogānaṃ vayo na bhaveyya. <span class="bld">Tatonidāna</span>nti bandhanāmokkhanidānaṃ. Sesaṃ vuttanayeneva sabbapadesu yojetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para221-222"></a><a name="para221-222_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">221-222</span>. <span class="bld">Anattādhīno</span>ti na attani adhīno, attano ruciyā kiñci kātuṃ na labhati. <span class="bld">Parādhīno</span>ti paresu adhīno parasseva ruciyā vattati. <span class="bld">Na yena kāmaṃ gamo</span>ti yena disābhāgenassa gantukāmatā hoti, icchā uppajjati gamanāya, tena gantuṃ na labhati. <span class="bld">Dāsabyā</span>ti <a name="P1.0213"></a> dāsabhāvā. <span class="bld">Bhujisso</span>ti attano santako. <span class="bld">Tatonidāna</span>nti bhujissanidānaṃ. <span class="bld">Kantāraddhānamagga</span>nti <a name="V1.0173"></a> kantāraṃ addhānamaggaṃ, nirudakaṃ dīghamagganti attho. <span class="bld">Tatonidāna</span>nti khemantabhūminidānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para223"></a><a name="para223_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">223</span>. <span class="bld">Ime pañca nīvaraṇe appahīne</span>ti ettha bhagavā appahīnakāmacchandanīvaraṇaṃ iṇasadisaṃ, sesāni rogādisadisāni katvā dasseti. Tatrāyaṃ sadisatā. Yo hi paresaṃ iṇaṃ gahetvā vināseti, so tehi iṇaṃ dehīti vuccamānopi pharusaṃ vuccamānopi bajjhamānopi vadhīyamānopi <a name="M1.0191"></a> kiñci paṭibāhituṃ na sakkoti, sabbaṃ titikkhati. Titikkhākāraṇaṃ hissa taṃ iṇaṃ hoti. Evameva yo yamhi kāmacchandena rajjati, taṇhāsahagatena taṃ vatthuṃ gaṇhati, so tena pharusaṃ vuccamānopi bajjhamānopi vadhīyamānopi sabbaṃ titikkhati, titikkhākāraṇaṃ hissa so kāmacchando hoti, gharasāmikehi vadhīyamānānaṃ itthīnaṃ viyāti, evaṃ iṇaṃ viya kāmacchando daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā pana pittarogāturo madhusakkarādīsupi dinnesu pittarogāturatāya tesaṃ rasaṃ na vindati, ‘‘tittakaṃ tittaka’’nti uggiratiyeva. Evameva byāpannacitto hitakāmehi ācariyupajjhāyehi appamattakampi ovadiyamāno ovādaṃ na gaṇhati. ‘‘Ati viya me tumhe upaddavethā’’tiādīni vatvā vibbhamati. Pittarogāturatāya so puriso madhusakkarādīnaṃ viya kodhāturatāya jhānasukhādibhedaṃ sāsanarasaṃ na vindatīti. Evaṃ rogo viya byāpādo daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā pana nakkhattadivase bandhanāgāre baddho puriso nakkhattassa neva ādiṃ na majjhaṃ na pariyosānaṃ passati. So dutiyadivase mutto aho hiyyo nakkhattaṃ manāpaṃ, aho naccaṃ, aho gītantiādīni sutvāpi paṭivacanaṃ na deti. Kiṃ kāraṇā? Nakkhattassa ananubhūtattā. Evameva <a name="P1.0214"></a> thinamiddhābhibhūto bhikkhu vicittanayepi dhammassavane pavattamāne neva tassa ādiṃ na majjhaṃ na pariyosānaṃ jānāti. Sopi uṭṭhite dhammassavane aho dhammassavanaṃ, aho kāraṇaṃ, aho upamāti dhammassavanassa vaṇṇaṃ bhaṇamānānaṃ sutvāpi paṭivacanaṃ na deti. Kiṃ kāraṇā? Thinamiddhavasena dhammakathāya ananubhūtattā. Evaṃ bandhanāgāraṃ viya <span class="bld">thinamiddhaṃ</span> daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā pana nakkhattaṃ kīḷantopi dāso – ‘‘idaṃ nāma accāyikaṃ karaṇīyaṃ atthi, sīghaṃ tattha gacchāhi. No ce gacchasi, hatthapādaṃ vā te chindāmi kaṇṇanāsaṃ vā’’ti vutto sīghaṃ gacchatiyeva<a name="V1.0174"></a>. Nakkhattassa ādimajjhapariyosānaṃ anubhavituṃ na labhati, kasmā? Parādhīnatāya, evameva vinaye apakataññunā vivekatthāya araññaṃ paviṭṭhenāpi kismiñcideva <a name="M1.0192"></a> antamaso kappiyamaṃsepi akappiyamaṃsasaññāya uppannāya vivekaṃ pahāya sīlavisodhanatthaṃ vinayadharassa santikaṃ gantabbaṃ hoti, vivekasukhaṃ anubhavituṃ na labhati, kasmā? Uddhaccakukkuccābhibhūtatāyāti. Evaṃ dāsabyaṃ viya <span class="bld">uddhaccakukkuccaṃ</span> daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā pana kantāraddhānamaggappaṭipanno puriso corehi manussānaṃ viluttokāsaṃ pahatokāsañca disvā daṇḍakasaddenapi sakuṇasaddenapi ‘‘corā āgatā’’ti ussaṅkitaparisaṅkitova hoti, gacchatipi tiṭṭhatipi nivattatipi, gataṭṭhānato agataṭṭhānameva bahutaraṃ hoti. So kicchena kasirena khemantabhūmiṃ pāpuṇāti vā na vā pāpuṇāti. Evameva yassa aṭṭhasu ṭhānesu vicikicchā uppannā hoti, so – ‘‘buddho nu kho, no nu kho buddho’’tiādinā nayena vicikicchanto adhimuccitvā saddhāya gaṇhituṃ na sakkoti. Asakkonto maggaṃ vā phalaṃ vā na pāpuṇātīti. Yathā kantāraddhānamagge – ‘‘corā atthi natthī’’ti punappunaṃ āsappanaparisappanaṃ apariyogāhanaṃ chambhitattaṃ cittassa <a name="P1.0215"></a> uppādento khemantapattiyā antarāyaṃ karoti, evaṃ vicikicchāpi – ‘‘buddho nu kho, na buddho’’tiādinā nayena punappunaṃ āsappanaparisappanaṃ apariyogāhanaṃ chambhitattaṃ cittassa uppādayamānā ariyabhūmippattiyā antarāyaṃ karotīti kantāraddhānamaggo viya <span class="bld">vicikicchā</span> daṭṭhabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para224"></a><a name="para224_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">224</span>. Idāni – <span class="bld">‘‘seyyathāpi, mahārāja, āṇaṇya’’</span>nti ettha bhagavā pahīnakāmacchandanīvaraṇaṃ āṇaṇyasadisaṃ, sesāni ārogyādisadisāni katvā dasseti. Tatrāyaṃ sadisatā, yathā hi puriso iṇaṃ ādāya kammante payojetvā samiddhataṃ patto – ‘‘idaṃ iṇaṃ nāma palibodhamūla’’nti cintetvā savaḍḍhikaṃ iṇaṃ niyyātetvā paṇṇaṃ phālāpeyya. Athassa tato paṭṭhāya neva koci dūtaṃ peseti, na paṇṇaṃ. So iṇasāmike disvāpi sace icchati, āsanā uṭṭhahati, no ce na uṭṭhahati, kasmā? Tehi saddhiṃ nillepatāya alaggatāya. Evameva bhikkhu – ‘‘ayaṃ <span class="bld">kāmacchando</span> nāma palibodhamūla’’nti cintetvā cha dhamme bhāvetvā kāmacchandanīvaraṇaṃ pajahati. Te pana cha dhamme mahāsatipaṭṭhāne vaṇṇayissāma. Tassevaṃ pahīnakāmacchandassa <a name="M1.0193"></a> yathā iṇamuttassa purisassa iṇassāmike disvā neva bhayaṃ na chambhitattaṃ hoti. Evameva paravatthumhi neva saṅgo na baddho hoti. Dibbānipi rūpāni passato kileso na samudācarati. Tasmā bhagavā āṇaṇyamiva kāmacchandappahānaṃ āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā <a name="V1.0175"></a> pana so pittarogāturo puriso bhesajjakiriyāya taṃ rogaṃ vūpasametvā tato paṭṭhāya madhusakkarādīnaṃ rasaṃ vindati. Evameva bhikkhu ‘‘ayaṃ <span class="bld">byāpādo</span> nāma mahā anatthakaro’’ti cha dhamme bhāvetvā byāpādanīvaraṇaṃ pajahati. Sabbanīvaraṇesu cha dhamme mahāsatipaṭṭhāneyeva vaṇṇayissāma. Na kevalañca teyeva, yepi thinamiddhādīnaṃ pahānāya bhāvetabbā, tepi sabbe tattheva vaṇṇayissāma. So evaṃ pahīnabyāpādo yathā pittarogavimutto puriso madhusakkarādīnaṃ rasaṃ sampiyāyamāno paṭisevati, evameva ācārapaṇṇattiādīni <a name="P1.0216"></a> sikkhāpadāni sirasā sampaṭicchitvā sampiyāyamāno sikkhati. Tasmā bhagavā ārogyamiva byāpādappahānaṃ āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā so nakkhattadivase bandhanāgāraṃ pavesito puriso aparasmiṃ nakkhattadivase – ‘‘pubbepi ahaṃ pamādadosena baddho, tena nakkhattaṃ nānubhaviṃ. Idāni appamatto bhavissāmī’’ti yathāssa paccatthikā okāsaṃ na labhanti, evaṃ appamatto hutvā nakkhattaṃ anubhavitvā – ‘aho nakkhattaṃ, aho nakkhatta’nti udānaṃ udānesi, evameva bhikkhu – ‘‘idaṃ <span class="bld">thinamiddhaṃ</span> nāma mahāanatthakara’’nti cha dhamme bhāvetvā thinamiddhanīvaraṇaṃ pajahati, so evaṃ pahīnathinamiddho yathā bandhanā mutto puriso sattāhampi nakkhattassa ādimajjhapariyosānaṃ anubhavati, evameva dhammanakkhattassa ādimajjhapariyosānaṃ anubhavanto saha paṭisambhidāhi arahattaṃ pāpuṇāti. Tasmā bhagavā bandhanā mokkhamiva thinamiddhappahānaṃ āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā pana dāso kiñcideva mittaṃ upanissāya sāmikānaṃ dhanaṃ datvā attānaṃ bhujissaṃ katvā tato paṭṭhāya yaṃ icchati, taṃ karoti. Evameva bhikkhu – ‘‘idaṃ <span class="bld">uddhaccakukkuccaṃ</span> nāma mahā anatthakara’’nti cha dhamme bhāvetvā uddhaccakukkuccaṃ pajahati. So evaṃ pahīnauddhaccakukkucco yathā bhujisso puriso yaṃ icchati, taṃ karoti, na taṃ koci balakkārena tato nivatteti<a name="M1.0194"></a>, evameva yathā sukhaṃ nekkhammapaṭipadaṃ paṭipajjati, na taṃ uddhaccakukkuccaṃ balakkārena tato nivatteti. Tasmā bhagavā bhujissaṃ viya uddhaccakukkuccappahānaṃ āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā balavā puriso hatthasāraṃ gahetvā sajjāvudho saparivāro kantāraṃ paṭipajjeyya, taṃ corā dūratova disvā palāyeyyuṃ. So sotthinā taṃ kantāraṃ nittharitvā khemantaṃ patto haṭṭhatuṭṭho assa. Evameva bhikkhu ‘‘ayaṃ <span class="bld">vicikicchā</span> nāma mahā anatthakārikā’’ti cha dhamme bhāvetvā vicikicchaṃ pajahati<a name="P1.0217"></a>. So evaṃ pahīnavicikiccho yathā balavā puriso sajjāvudho saparivāro nibbhayo core tiṇaṃ viya agaṇetvā sotthinā nikkhamitvā khemantabhūmiṃ pāpuṇāti, evameva bhikkhu <a name="V1.0176"></a> duccaritakantāraṃ nittharitvā paramaṃ khemantabhūmiṃ amataṃ mahānibbānaṃ pāpuṇāti. Tasmā bhagavā khemantabhūmiṃ viya vicikicchāpahānaṃ āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para225"></a><a name="para225_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">225</span>. <span class="bld">Pāmojjaṃ jāyatī</span>ti tuṭṭhākāro jāyati. <span class="bld">Pamuditassa pīti jāyatī</span>ti tuṭṭhassa sakalasarīraṃ khobhayamānā pīti jāyati. <span class="bld">Pītimanassa kāyo passambhatī</span>ti pītisampayuttacittassa puggalassa nāmakāyo passambhati, vigatadaratho hoti. <span class="bld">Sukhaṃ vedetī</span>ti kāyikampi cetasikampi sukhaṃ vedayati. <span class="bld">Cittaṃ samādhiyatī</span>ti iminā nekkhammasukhena sukhitassa upacāravasenapi appanāvasenapi cittaṃ samādhiyati.</p>
<p class="subhead">Paṭhamajjhānakathā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para226"></a><a name="para226_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">226</span>. <span class="bld">So vivicceva kāmehi…pe… paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharatī</span>tiādi pana upacārasamādhinā samāhite citte uparivisesadassanatthaṃ appanāsamādhinā samāhite citte tassa samādhino pabhedadassanatthaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Imameva kāya</span>nti imaṃ karajakāyaṃ. <span class="bld">Abhisandetī</span>ti temeti sneheti, sabbattha pavattapītisukhaṃ karoti. <span class="bld">Parisandetī</span>ti samantato sandeti. <span class="bld">Paripūretī</span>ti vāyunā bhastaṃ viya pūreti. <span class="bld">Parippharatī</span>ti samantato phusati. <span class="bld">Sabbāvato kāyassā</span>ti assa bhikkhuno sabbakoṭṭhāsavato kāyassa kiñci upādinnakasantatipavattiṭṭhāne chavimaṃsalohitānugataṃ <a name="M1.0195"></a> aṇumattampi ṭhānaṃ paṭhamajjhānasukhena aphuṭaṃ nāma na hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para227"></a><a name="para227_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">227</span>. <span class="bld">Dakkho</span>ti cheko paṭibalo nhānīyacuṇṇāni kātuñceva payojetuñca sannetuñca. <span class="bld">Kaṃsathāle</span>ti yena kenaci lohena katabhājane. Mattikabhājanaṃ pana thiraṃ na hoti. Sannentassa bhijjati. Tasmā taṃ na dasseti. <span class="bld">Paripphosakaṃ</span> <a name="P1.0218"></a> <span class="bld">paripphosaka</span>nti siñcitvā siñcitvā. <span class="bld">Sanneyyā</span>ti vāmahatthena kaṃsathālaṃ gahetvā dakkhiṇahatthena pamāṇayuttaṃ udakaṃ siñcitvā siñcitvā parimaddanto piṇḍaṃ kareyya. <span class="bld">Snehānugatā</span>ti udakasinehena anugatā. <span class="bld">Snehaparetā</span>ti udakasinehena pariggahitā. <span class="bld">Santarabāhirā</span>ti saddhiṃ antopadesena ceva bahipadesena ca sabbatthakameva udakasinehena phuṭāti attho. <span class="bld">Na ca paggharaṇī</span>ti na ca bindu bindu udakaṃ paggharati, sakkā hoti hatthenapi dvīhipi tīhipi aṅgulīhi gahetuṃ ovaṭṭikāyapi kātunti attho.</p>
<p class="subhead">Dutiyajjhānakathā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para228-229"></a><a name="para228-229_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">228-229</span>. Dutiyajjhānasukhūpamāyaṃ <a name="V1.0177"></a> <span class="bld">ubbhidodako</span>ti ubbhinnaudako, na heṭṭhā ubbhijjitvā uggacchanakaudako. Antoyeva pana ubbhijjanakaudakoti attho. <span class="bld">Āyamukha</span>nti āgamanamaggo. <span class="bld">Devo</span>ti megho. <span class="bld">Kālena kāla</span>nti kāle kāle, anvaddhamāsaṃ vā anudasāhaṃ vāti attho. <span class="bld">Dhāra</span>nti vuṭṭhiṃ. <span class="bld">Na anuppaveccheyyā</span>ti na ca paveseyya, na vasseyyāti attho. <span class="bld">Sītā vāridhārā ubbhijjitvā</span>ti sītaṃ dhāraṃ uggantvā rahadaṃ pūrayamānaṃ ubbhijjitvā. Heṭṭhā uggacchanaudakañhi uggantvā uggantvā bhijjantaṃ udakaṃ khobheti, catūhi disāhi pavisanaudakaṃ purāṇapaṇṇatiṇakaṭṭhadaṇḍakādīhi udakaṃ khobheti, vuṭṭhiudakaṃ dhārānipātapubbuḷakehi udakaṃ khobheti. Sannisinnameva pana hutvā iddhinimmitamiva uppajjamānaṃ udakaṃ imaṃ padesaṃ pharati, imaṃ padesaṃ na pharatīti natthi, tena aphuṭokāso nāma na hotīti. Tattha rahado viya karajakāyo. Udakaṃ viya dutiyajjhānasukhaṃ. Sesaṃ purimanayeneva veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Tatiyajjhānakathā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para230-231"></a><a name="para230-231_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">230-231</span>. Tatiyajjhānasukhūpamāyaṃ <a name="P1.0219"></a><a name="M1.0196"></a> uppalāni ettha santīti uppalinī. Sesapadadvayepi eseva nayo. Ettha ca setarattanīlesu yaṃ kiñci uppalaṃ uppalameva. Ūnakasatapattaṃ puṇḍarīkaṃ, satapattaṃ padumaṃ. Pattaniyamaṃ vā vināpi setaṃ padumaṃ, rattaṃ puṇḍarīkanti ayamettha vinicchayo. <span class="bld">Udakānuggatānī</span>ti udakato na uggatāni. <span class="bld">Anto nimuggaposīnī</span>ti udakatalassa anto nimuggāniyeva hutvā posīni, vaḍḍhīnīti attho. Sesaṃ purimanayeneva veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Catutthajjhānakathā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para232-233"></a><a name="para232-233_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">232-233</span>. Catutthajjhānasukhūpamāyaṃ <span class="bld">parisuddhena cetasā pariyodātenā</span>ti ettha nirupakkilesaṭṭhena parisuddhaṃ, pabhassaraṭṭhena pariyodātanti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Odātena vatthenā</span>ti idaṃ utupharaṇatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Kiliṭṭhavatthena hi utupharaṇaṃ na hoti, taṅkhaṇadhotaparisuddhena utupharaṇaṃ balavaṃ hoti. Imissāya hi upamāya vatthaṃ viya karajakāyo, utupharaṇaṃ viya catutthajjhānasukhaṃ. Tasmā yathā sunhātassa purisassa parisuddhaṃ vatthaṃ sasīsaṃ pārupitvā nisinnassa sarīrato utu sabbameva vatthaṃ pharati. Na koci vatthassa aphuṭokāso hoti. Evaṃ catutthajjhānasukhena bhikkhuno <a name="V1.0178"></a> karajakāyassa na koci okāso aphuṭo hotīti. Evamettha attho daṭṭhabbo. Imesaṃ pana catunnaṃ jhānānaṃ anupadavaṇṇanā ca bhāvanānayo ca visuddhimagge vuttoti idha na vitthārito.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettāvatā cesa rūpajjhānalābhīyeva, na arūpajjhānalābhīti na veditabbo. Na hi aṭṭhasu samāpattīsu cuddasahākārehi ciṇṇavasībhāvaṃ vinā upari abhiññādhigamo hoti. Pāḷiyaṃ pana rūpajjhānāniyeva āgatāni. Arūpajjhānāni āharitvā kathetabbāni.</p>
<p class="subhead">Vipassanāñāṇakathā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para234"></a><a name="para234_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">234</span>. <span class="bld">So evaṃ samāhite citte…pe… āneñjappatte</span>ti so cuddasahākārehi aṭṭhasu samāpattīsu ciṇṇavasībhāvo bhikkhūti <a name="P1.0220"></a> dasseti<a name="M1.0197"></a>. Sesamettha visuddhimagge vuttanayena veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Ñāṇadassanāya cittaṃ abhinīharatī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">ñāṇadassana</span>nti maggañāṇampi, vuccati phalañāṇampi, sabbaññutaññāṇampi, paccavekkhaṇañāṇampi, vipassanāñāṇampi. ‘‘Kiṃ nu kho, āvuso, ñāṇadassanavisuddhatthaṃ bhagavati brahmacariyaṃ vussatī’’ti (mahāni. 1.257) ettha hi maggañāṇaṃ ñāṇadassananti vuttaṃ. ‘‘Ayamañño uttarimanussadhammo alamariyañāṇadassanaviseso adhigato phāsuvihāro’’ti (ma. ni. 1.328) ettha phalañāṇaṃ. ‘‘Bhagavatopi kho ñāṇadassanaṃ udapādi sattāhakālaṅkato āḷāro kālāmo’’ti (mahāva. 10) ettha sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ. ‘‘Ñāṇañca pana me dassanaṃ udapādi akuppā me vimutti, ayamantimā jātī’’ti (mahāva. 16) ettha paccavekkhaṇañāṇaṃ idha pana ñāṇadassanāya cittanti idaṃ vipassanāñāṇaṃ ñāṇadassananti vuttanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Abhinīharatī</span>ti vipassanāñāṇassa nibbattanatthāya tanninnaṃ tappoṇaṃ tappabbhāraṃ karoti. <span class="bld">Rūpī</span>ti ādīnamattho vuttoyeva. <span class="bld">Odanakummāsūpacayo</span>ti odanena ceva kummāsena ca upacito vaḍḍhito. <span class="bld">Aniccucchādanaparimaddanabhedanaviddhaṃsanadhammo</span>ti hutvā abhāvaṭṭhena aniccadhammo. Duggandhavighātatthāya tanuvilepanena ucchādanadhammo. Aṅgapaccaṅgābādhavinodanatthāya khuddakasambāhanena parimaddanadhammo. Daharakāle vā ūrūsu sayāpetvā gabbhāvāsena dussaṇṭhitānaṃ tesaṃ tesaṃ aṅgānaṃ saṇṭhānasampādanatthaṃ añchanapīḷanādivasena parimaddanadhammo. Evaṃ pariharitopi bhedanaviddhaṃsanadhammo bhijjati ceva vikirati ca, evaṃ sabhāvoti attho. Tattha <a name="P1.0221"></a> <span class="bld">rūpī cātumahābhūtiko</span>tiādīsu chahi <a name="V1.0179"></a> padehi samudayo kathito. Aniccapadena saddhiṃ pacchimehi dvīhi atthaṅgamo. <span class="bld">Ettha sitaṃ ettha paṭibaddha</span>nti ettha cātumahābhūtike kāye nissitañca paṭibaddhañca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para235"></a><a name="para235_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">235</span>. <span class="bld">Subho</span>ti sundaro. <span class="bld">Jātimā</span>ti parisuddhākarasamuṭṭhito. <span class="bld">Suparikammakato</span>ti suṭṭhu kataparikammo apanītapāsāṇasakkharo. <span class="bld">Accho</span>ti tanucchavi. <span class="bld">Vippasanno</span>ti suṭṭhu pasanno. <span class="bld">Sabbākārasampanno</span>ti dhovanavedhanādīhi sabbehi ākārehi sampanno. <span class="bld">Nīla</span>ntiādīhi vaṇṇasampattiṃ dasseti. Tādisañhi āvutaṃ pākaṭaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Evameva kho</span>ti ettha evaṃ upamāsaṃsandanaṃ veditabbaṃ. Maṇi viya hi karajakāyo. Āvutasuttaṃ <a name="M1.0198"></a> viya vipassanāñāṇaṃ. Cakkhumā puriso viya vipassanālābhī bhikkhu, hatthe karitvā paccavekkhato ayaṃ kho maṇīti maṇino āvibhūtakālo viya vipassanāñāṇaṃ, abhinīharitvā nisinnassa bhikkhuno cātumahābhūtikakāyassa āvibhūtakālo, tatridaṃ suttaṃ āvutanti suttassāvibhūtakālo viya vipassanāñāṇaṃ, abhinīharitvā nisinnassa bhikkhuno tadārammaṇānaṃ phassapañcamakānaṃ vā sabbacittacetasikānaṃ vā vipassanāñāṇasseva vā āvibhūtakāloti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idañca vipassanāñāṇaṃ maggañāṇānantaraṃ. Evaṃ santepi yasmā abhiññāvāre āraddhe etassa antarāvāro natthi tasmā idheva dassitaṃ. Yasmā ca aniccādivasena akatasammasanassa dibbāya sotadhātuyā bheravaṃ saddaṃ suṇato, pubbenivāsānussatiyā bherave khandhe anussarato, dibbena cakkhunā bheravampi rūpaṃ passato bhayasantāso uppajjati, na aniccādivasena katasammasanassa tasmā abhiññaṃ pattassa bhayavinodanahetusampādanatthampi idaṃ idheva dassitaṃ. Api ca yasmā vipassanāsukhaṃ nāmetaṃ maggaphalasukhasampādakaṃ pāṭiyekkaṃ sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ <a name="P1.0222"></a> tasmāpi āditova idaṃ idha dassitanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Manomayiddhiñāṇakathā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para236-237"></a><a name="para236-237_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">236-237</span>. <span class="bld">Manomaya</span>nti manena nibbattitaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbaṅgapaccaṅgi</span>nti sabbehi aṅgehi ca paccaṅgehi ca samannāgataṃ. <span class="bld">Ahīnindriya</span>nti saṇṭhānavasena avikalindriyaṃ. Iddhimatā nimmitarūpañhi sace iddhimā odāto tampi odātaṃ. Sace aviddhakaṇṇo tampi aviddhakaṇṇanti evaṃ sabbākārehi tena sadisameva hoti. <span class="bld">Muñjamhā īsika</span>ntiādi upamāttayampi hi sadisabhāvadassanatthameva vuttaṃ. Muñjasadisā eva hi tassa anto īsikā hoti. Kosisadisoyeva asi, vaṭṭāya kosiyā vaṭṭaṃ asimeva pakkhipanti, patthaṭāya patthaṭaṃ<a name="V1.0180"></a>. <span class="bld">Karaṇḍā</span>ti idampi ahikañcukassa nāmaṃ, na vilīvakaraṇḍakassa. Ahikañcuko hi ahinā sadisova hoti. Tattha kiñcāpi ‘‘puriso ahiṃ karaṇḍā uddhareyyā’’ti hatthena uddharamāno viya dassito, atha kho cittenevassa uddharaṇaṃ veditabbaṃ. Ayañhi ahi nāma sajātiyaṃ ṭhito, kaṭṭhantaraṃ vā rukkhantaraṃ vā nissāya, tacato sarīraṃ nikkaḍḍhanappayogasaṅkhātena <a name="M1.0199"></a> thāmena, sarīraṃ khādayamānaṃ viya purāṇatacaṃ jigucchantoti imehi catūhi kāraṇehi sayameva kañcukaṃ pajahati, na sakkā tato aññena uddharituṃ, tasmā cittena uddharaṇaṃ sandhāya idaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Iti muñjādisadisaṃ imassa bhikkhuno sarīraṃ, īsikādisadisaṃ nimmitarūpanti. Idamettha opammasaṃsandanaṃ. Nimmānavidhānaṃ panettha parato ca iddhividhādipañcaabhiññākathā sabbākārena visuddhimagge vitthāritāti tattha vuttanayeneva veditabbā. Upamāmattameva hi idha adhikaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Iddhividhañāṇādikathā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para238-239"></a><a name="para238-239_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">238-239</span>. Tattha chekakumbhakārādayo viya iddhividhañāṇalābhī <a name="P1.0223"></a> bhikkhu daṭṭhabbo. Suparikammakatamattikādayo viya iddhividhañāṇaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Icchiticchitabhājanavikatiādikaraṇaṃ viya tassa bhikkhuno vikubbanaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para240-241"></a><a name="para240-241_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">240-241</span>. Dibbasotadhātuupamāyaṃ yasmā kantāraddhānamaggo sāsaṅko hoti sappaṭibhayo. Tattha ussaṅkitaparisaṅkitena ‘ayaṃ bherisaddo’, ‘ayaṃ mudiṅgasaddo’ti na sakkā vavatthapetuṃ, tasmā kantāraggahaṇaṃ akatvā khemamaggaṃ dassento <span class="bld">addhānamaggappaṭipanno</span>ti āha. Appaṭibhayañhi khemamaggaṃ sīse sāṭakaṃ katvā saṇikaṃ paṭipanno vuttappakāre sadde sukhaṃ vavatthapeti. Tassa savanena tesaṃ tesaṃ saddānaṃ āvibhūtakālo viya yogino dūrasantikabhedānaṃ dibbānañceva mānussakānañca saddānaṃ āvibhūtakālo veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para242-243"></a><a name="para242-243_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">242-243</span>. Cetopariyañāṇūpamāyaṃ <span class="bld">daharo</span>ti taruṇo. <span class="bld">Yuvā</span>ti yobbannena samannāgato. <span class="bld">Maṇḍanakajātiko</span>ti yuvāpi samāno na ālasiyo na kiliṭṭhavatthasarīro, atha kho maṇḍanapakatiko, divasassa dve tayo vāre nhāyitvā suddhavatthaparidahanaalaṅkārakaraṇasīloti attho. <span class="bld">Sakaṇika</span>nti kāḷatilakavaṅgamukhadūsipīḷakādīnaṃ aññatarena sadosaṃ. Tattha yathā tassa mukhanimittaṃ paccavekkhato mukhe doso pākaṭo hoti, evaṃ cetopariyañāṇāya cittaṃ abhinīharitvā nisinnassa bhikkhuno paresaṃ soḷasavidhaṃ cittaṃ pākaṭaṃ hotīti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para244-245"></a><a name="para244-245_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">244-245</span>. Pubbenivāsañāṇūpamāyaṃ <a name="V1.0181"></a><a name="M1.0200"></a> taṃ divasaṃ katakiriyā pākaṭā hotīti taṃ divasaṃ gatagāmattayameva gahitaṃ. Tattha gāmattayagatapuriso viya pubbenivāsañāṇalābhī daṭṭhabbo, tayo gāmā viya tayo bhavā daṭṭhabbā, tassa purisassa tīsu gāmesu taṃ divasaṃ katakiriyāya āvibhāvo viya pubbenivāsāya cittaṃ abhinīharitvā nisinnassa bhikkhuno tīsu bhavesu katakiriyāya pākaṭabhāvo daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para246-247"></a><a name="para246-247_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">246-247</span>. Dibbacakkhūpamāyaṃ <a name="P1.0224"></a> <span class="bld">vīthiṃ sañcarante</span>ti aparāparaṃ sañcarante. Vīthiṃ carantetipi pāṭho. Ayamevattho. Tattha nagaramajjhe siṅghāṭakamhi pāsādo viya imassa bhikkhuno karajakāyo daṭṭhabbo, pāsāde ṭhito cakkhumā puriso viya ayameva dibbacakkhuṃ patvā ṭhito bhikkhu, gehaṃ pavisantā viya paṭisandhivasena mātukucchiyaṃ pavisantā, gehā nikkhamantā viya mātukucchito nikkhamantā, rathikāya vīthiṃ sañcarantā viya aparāparaṃ sañcaraṇakasattā, purato abbhokāsaṭṭhāne majjhe siṅghāṭake nisinnā viya tīsu bhavesu tattha tattha nibbattasattā, pāsādatale ṭhitapurisassa tesaṃ manussānaṃ āvibhūtakālo viya dibbacakkhuñāṇāya cittaṃ abhinīharitvā nisinnassa bhikkhuno tīsu bhavesu nibbattasattānaṃ āvibhūtakālo daṭṭhabbo. Idañca desanāsukhatthameva vuttaṃ. Āruppe pana dibbacakkhussa gocaro natthīti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Āsavakkhayañāṇakathā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para248"></a><a name="para248_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">248</span>. <span class="bld">So evaṃ samāhite citte</span>ti idha vipassanāpādakaṃ catutthajjhānacittaṃ veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Āsavānaṃ khayañāṇāyā</span>ti āsavānaṃ khayañāṇanibbattanatthāya. Ettha ca <span class="bld">āsavānaṃ khayo</span> nāma maggopi phalampi nibbānampi bhaṅgopi vuccati. ‘‘Khaye ñāṇaṃ, anuppāde ñāṇa’’nti ettha hi maggo āsavānaṃ khayoti vutto. ‘‘Āsavānaṃ khayā samaṇo hotī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.438) ettha phalaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Paravajjānupassissa, niccaṃ ujjhānasaññino;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Āsavā tassa vaḍḍhanti, ārā so āsavakkhayā’’ti. (dha. pa. 253);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha <a name="M1.0201"></a> nibbānaṃ. ‘‘Āsavānaṃ khayo vayo bhedo aniccatā antaradhāna’’nti ettha bhaṅgo. Idha pana nibbānaṃ adhippetaṃ. Arahattamaggopi vaṭṭatiyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cittaṃ</span> <a name="V1.0182"></a> <span class="bld">abhinīharatī</span>ti vipassanā cittaṃ tanninnaṃ tappoṇaṃ tappabbhāraṃ karoti. <span class="bld">So idaṃ dukkha</span>ntiādīsu ‘‘ettakaṃ dukkhaṃ, na ito bhiyyo’’ti <a name="P1.0225"></a> sabbampi dukkhasaccaṃ sarasalakkhaṇapaṭivedhena yathābhūtaṃ pajānātīti attho. Tassa ca dukkhassa nibbattikaṃ taṇhaṃ ‘‘ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’’ti. Tadubhayampi yaṃ ṭhānaṃ patvā nirujjhati, taṃ tesaṃ appavattiṃ nibbānaṃ ‘‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’’ti; tassa ca sampāpakaṃ ariyamaggaṃ ‘‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’’ti sarasalakkhaṇapaṭivedhena yathābhūtaṃ pajānātīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ sarūpato saccāni dassetvā puna kilesavasena pariyāyato dassento <span class="bld">‘‘ime āsavā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Tassa evaṃ jānato evaṃ passato</span>ti tassa bhikkhuno evaṃ jānantassa evaṃ passantassa, saha vipassanāya koṭippattaṃ maggaṃ kathesi. <span class="bld">Kāmāsavā</span>ti kāmāsavato. <span class="bld">Vimuccatī</span>ti iminā maggakkhaṇaṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Vimuttasmi</span>nti iminā phalakkhaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Vimuttamiti ñāṇaṃ hotī</span>ti iminā paccavekkhaṇañāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Khīṇā jātī</span>tiādīhi tassa bhūmiṃ. Tena hi ñāṇena khīṇāsavo paccavekkhanto khīṇā jātītiādīni pajānāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Katamā panassa jāti khīṇā? Kathañca naṃ pajānātīti? Na tāvassa atītā jāti khīṇā, pubbeva khīṇattā. Na anāgatā, anāgate vāyāmābhāvato. Na paccuppannā, vijjamānattā. Yā pana maggassa abhāvitattā uppajjeyya ekacatupañcavokārabhavesu ekacatupañcakkhandhappabhedā jāti, sā maggassa bhāvitattā āyatiṃ anuppādadhammataṃ āpajjanena khīṇā. Taṃ so maggabhāvanāya pahīnakilese paccavekkhitvā ‘‘kilesābhāve vijjamānampi kammaṃ āyatiṃ appaṭisandhikaṃva hotī’’ti jānanto pajānāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vusita</span>nti vutthaṃ parivutthaṃ. <span class="bld">Brahmacariya</span>nti maggabrahmacariyaṃ. Puthujjanakalyāṇakena hi saddhiṃ satta sekkhā brahmacariyavāsaṃ vasanti nāma, khīṇāsavo vutthavāso, tasmā so attano brahmacariyavāsaṃ paccavekkhanto vusitaṃ brahmacariyanti pajānāti. <span class="bld">Kataṃ</span> <a name="P1.0226"></a> <span class="bld">karaṇīya</span>nti catūsu saccesu catūhi maggehi pariññāpahānasacchikiriyābhāvanāvasena <a name="M1.0202"></a> soḷasavidhaṃ kiccaṃ niṭṭhāpitaṃ. Tena tena maggena pahātabbakilesā pahīnā, dukkhamūlaṃ samucchinnanti attho. Puthujjanakalyāṇakādayo hi taṃ kiccaṃ karonti, khīṇāsavo katakaraṇīyo. Tasmā so attano karaṇīyaṃ paccavekkhanto kataṃ karaṇīyanti pajānāti. <span class="bld">Nāparaṃ itthattāyā</span>ti idāni puna itthabhāvāya evaṃ soḷasakiccabhāvāya kilesakkhayabhāvāya vā kattabbaṃ <a name="V1.0183"></a> maggabhāvanākiccaṃ me natthīti pajānāti. Atha vā <span class="bld">itthattāyā</span>ti itthabhāvato imasmā evaṃ pakārā. Idāni vattamānakhandhasantānā aparaṃ khandhasantānaṃ mayhaṃ natthi. Ime pana pañcakkhandhā pariññātā tiṭṭhanti chinnamūlakā rukkhā viya, te carimakacittanirodhena anupādāno viya jātavedo nibbāyissanti apaṇṇattikabhāvañca gamissantīti pajānāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para249"></a><a name="para249_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">249</span>. <span class="bld">Pabbatasaṅkhepe</span>ti pabbatamatthake. <span class="bld">Anāvilo</span>ti nikkaddamo. Sippiyo ca sambukā ca <span class="bld">sippisambukaṃ.</span> Sakkharā ca kathalāni ca <span class="bld">sakkharakathalaṃ. </span> Macchānaṃ gumbā ghaṭāti <span class="bld">macchagumbaṃ. Tiṭṭhantampi carantampī</span>ti ettha sakkharakathalaṃ tiṭṭhatiyeva, itarāni carantipi tiṭṭhantipi. Yathā pana antarantarā ṭhitāsupi nisinnāsupi vijjamānāsupi ‘‘etā gāvo carantī’’ti carantiyo upādāya itarāpi carantīti vuccanti. Evaṃ tiṭṭhantameva sakkharakathalaṃ upādāya itarampi dvayaṃ tiṭṭhantanti vuttaṃ. Itarañca dvayaṃ <a name="P1.0227"></a> carantaṃ upādāya sakkharakathalampi carantanti vuttaṃ. Tattha cakkhumato purisassa tīre ṭhatvā passato sippikasambukādīnaṃ vibhūtakālo viya āsavānaṃ khayāya cittaṃ abhinīharitvā nisinnassa bhikkhuno catunnaṃ saccānaṃ vibhūtakālo daṭṭhabboti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettāvatā vipassanāñāṇaṃ, manomayañāṇaṃ, iddhividhañāṇaṃ, dibbasotañāṇaṃ, cetopariyañāṇaṃ, pubbenivāsañāṇaṃ, dibbacakkhuvasena nipphannaṃ anāgataṃsañāṇayathākammūpagañāṇadvayaṃ, dibbacakkhuñāṇaṃ, āsavakkhayañāṇanti dasa ñāṇāni niddiṭṭhāni honti. Tesaṃ ārammaṇavibhāgo jānitabbo – tattha vipassanāñāṇaṃ parittamahaggataatītānāgatapaccuppannaajjhattabahiddhāvasena sattavidhārammaṇaṃ. Manomayañāṇaṃ nimmitabbarūpāyatanamattameva ārammaṇaṃ karotīti <a name="M1.0203"></a> parittapaccuppannabahiddhārammaṇaṃ. Āsavakkhayañāṇaṃ appamāṇabahiddhānavattabbārammaṇaṃ. Avasesānaṃ ārammaṇabhedo visuddhimagge vutto. <span class="bld">Uttaritaraṃ vā paṇītataraṃ vā</span>ti yena kenaci pariyāyena ito seṭṭhataraṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ nāma natthīti bhagavā arahattanikūṭena desanaṃ niṭṭhāpesi.</p>
<p class="subhead">Ajātasattuupāsakattapaṭivedanākathā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para250"></a><a name="para250_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">250</span>. Rājā tattha tattha sādhukāraṃ pavattento ādimajjhapariyosānaṃ sakkaccaṃ sutvā ‘‘ciraṃ vatamhi ime pañhe puthū samaṇabrāhmaṇe pucchanto, thuse koṭṭento viya kiñci sāraṃ nālatthaṃ, aho vata bhagavato guṇasampadā, yo me dīpasahassaṃ jālento viya mahantaṃ ālokaṃ katvā ime pañhe vissajjesi. Suciraṃ vatamhi dasabalassa guṇānubhāvaṃ ajānanto vañcito’’ti <a name="V1.0184"></a> cintetvā buddhaguṇānussaraṇasambhūtāya pañcavidhāya pītiyā phuṭasarīro attano pasādaṃ āvikaronto upāsakattaṃ paṭivedesi. Taṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘evaṃ vutte rājā’’tiādi āraddhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">abhikkantaṃ, bhante</span>ti ayaṃ abhikkantasaddo khayasundarābhirūpaabbhanumodanesu dissati. ‘‘Abhikkantā <a name="P1.0228"></a> bhante, ratti, nikkhanto paṭhamo yāmo, ciranisinno bhikkhusaṅgho’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 8.20) hi khaye dissati. ‘‘Ayaṃ me puggalo khamati, imesaṃ catunnaṃ puggalānaṃ abhikkantataro ca paṇītataro cā’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 4.100) sundare.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Ko me vandati pādāni, iddhiyā yasasā jalaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Abhikkantena vaṇṇena, sabbā obhāsayaṃ disā’’ti. (vi. va. 857);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ādīsu abhirūpe. ‘‘Abhikkantaṃ bho, gotamā’’tiādīsu (pārā. 15) abbhanumodane. Idhāpi abbhanumodaneyeva. Yasmā ca abbhanumodane, tasmā ‘sādhu sādhu bhante’ti vuttaṃ hotīti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Bhaye kodhe pasaṃsāyaṃ, turite kotūhalacchare;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Hāse soke pasāde ca, kare āmeḍitaṃ budhoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Iminā <a name="M1.0204"></a> ca lakkhaṇena idha pasādavasena, pasaṃsāvasena cāyaṃ dvikkhattuṃ vuttoti veditabbo. Athavā <span class="bld">abhikkanta</span>nti abhikantaṃ atiiṭṭhaṃ atimanāpaṃ atisundaranti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ekena abhikkantasaddena desanaṃ thometi, ekena attano pasādaṃ. Ayañhettha adhippāyo, abhikkantaṃ bhante, yadidaṃ bhagavato dhammadesanā, ‘abhikkantaṃ’ yadidaṃ bhagavato dhammadesanaṃ āgamma mama pasādoti. Bhagavatoyeva vā vacanaṃ dve dve atthe sandhāya thometi. Bhagavato vacanaṃ abhikkantaṃ dosanāsanato, abhikkantaṃ guṇādhigamanato. Tathā saddhājananato, paññājananato, sātthato, sabyañjanato, uttānapadato, gambhīratthato, kaṇṇasukhato, hadayaṅgamato, anattukkaṃsanato<a name="V1.0185"></a>, aparavambhanato, karuṇāsītalato, paññāvadātato, āpātharamaṇīyato, vimaddakkhamato, suyyamānasukhato, vīmaṃsiyamānahitatoti evamādīhi yojetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tato parampi catūhi upamāhi desanaṃyeva thometi. Tattha <span class="bld">nikkujjita</span>nti adhomukhaṭhapitaṃ heṭṭhāmukhajātaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Ukkujjeyyā</span>ti upari mukhaṃ kareyya. <span class="bld">Paṭicchanna</span>nti tiṇapaṇṇādichāditaṃ. <span class="bld">Vivareyyā</span>ti ugghāṭeyya. <span class="bld">Mūḷhassa vā</span>ti disāmūḷhassa. <span class="bld">Maggaṃ ācikkheyyā</span>ti hatthe gahetvā ‘‘esa maggo’’ti vadeyya, <span class="bld">andhakāre</span>ti kāḷapakkhacātuddasī <a name="P1.0229"></a> aḍḍharattaghanavanasaṇḍameghapaṭalehi caturaṅge tame. Ayaṃ tāva anuttānapadattho. Ayaṃ pana sādhippāyayojanā. Yathā koci nikkujjitaṃ ukkujjeyya, evaṃ saddhammavimukhaṃ asaddhamme patitaṃ maṃ asaddhammā vuṭṭhāpentana. Yathā paṭicchannaṃ vivareyya, evaṃ kassapassa bhagavato sāsanantaradhānā pabhuti micchādiṭṭhigahanapaṭicchannaṃ sāsanaṃ vivarantena, yathā mūḷhassa maggaṃ ācikkheyya, evaṃ kummaggamicchāmaggappaṭipannassa me saggamokkhamaggaṃ āvikarontena, yathā andhakāre telapajjotaṃ dhāreyya, evaṃ mohandhakāranimuggassa me buddhādiratanarūpāni apassato tappaṭicchādakamohandhakāraviddhaṃsakadesanāpajjotadhārakena mayhaṃ bhagavatā etehi pariyāyehi pakāsitattā anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsitoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ desanaṃ thometvā imāya desanāya ratanattaye pasannacitto pasannākāraṃ karonto <span class="bld">esāha</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">esāha</span>nti eso ahaṃ<a name="M1.0205"></a>. <span class="bld">Bhagavantaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmī</span>ti bhagavā me saraṇaṃ, parāyanaṃ, aghassa tātā, hitassa ca vidhātāti. Iminā adhippāyena bhagavantaṃ gacchāmi bhajāmi sevāmi payirupāsāmi, evaṃ vā jānāmi bujjhāmīti. Yesañhi dhātūnaṃ gatiattho, buddhipi tesaṃ attho. Tasmā gacchāmīti imassa jānāmi bujjhāmīti ayampi attho vutto. <span class="bld">Dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañcā</span>ti ettha pana adhigatamagge sacchikatanirodhe yathānusiṭṭhaṃ paṭipajjamāne catūsu apāyesu apatamāne dhāretīti dhammo, so atthato ariyamaggo ceva nibbānañca. Vuttañcetaṃ – ‘‘yāvatā, bhikkhave, dhammā saṅkhatā, ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo tesaṃ aggamakkhāyatī’’ti (a. ni. 4.34) vitthāro. Na kevalañca ariyamaggo ceva nibbānañca. Api ca kho ariyaphalehi saddhiṃ pariyattidhammopi<a name="P1.0230"></a>. Vuttañhetaṃ chattamāṇavakavimāne –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Rāgavirāgamanejamasokaṃ, dhammamasaṅkhatamappaṭikūlaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Madhuramimaṃ paguṇaṃ suvibhattaṃ, dhammamimaṃ saraṇatthamupehī’’ti. (vi. va. 887);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha <a name="V1.0186"></a> hi <span class="bld">rāgavirāgo</span>ti maggo kathito. <span class="bld">Anejamasoka</span>nti phalaṃ. <span class="bld">Dhammamasaṅkhata</span>nti nibbānaṃ. <span class="bld">Appaṭikūlaṃ madhuramimaṃ paguṇaṃ suvibhatta</span>nti piṭakattayena vibhattā dhammakkhandhāti. Diṭṭhisīlasaṃghātena saṃhatoti saṅgho, so atthato aṭṭha ariyapuggalasamūho. Vuttañhetaṃ tasmiññeva vimāne –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yattha ca dinnamahapphalamāhu, catūsu sucīsu purīsayugesu;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Aṭṭha ca puggaladhammadasā te, saṅghamimaṃ saraṇatthamupehī’’ti. (vi. va. 888);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bhikkhūnaṃ saṅgho bhikkhusaṅgho. Ettāvatā rājā tīṇi saraṇagamanāni paṭivedesi.</p>
<p class="subhead">Saraṇagamanakathā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni tesu saraṇagamanesu kosallatthaṃ saraṇaṃ, saraṇagamanaṃ, yo ca saraṇaṃ gacchati, saraṇagamanappabhedo, saraṇagamanaphalaṃ, saṅkileso, bhedoti, ayaṃ vidhi veditabbo. Seyyathidaṃ – saraṇatthato tāva hiṃsatīti saraṇaṃ. Saraṇagatānaṃ teneva saraṇagamanena bhayaṃ santāsaṃ dukkhaṃ duggatiparikilesaṃ hanati vināsetīti attho, ratanattayassevetaṃ adhivacanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha <a name="M1.0206"></a> vā hite pavattanena ahitā ca nivattanena sattānaṃ bhayaṃ hiṃsati buddho. Bhavakantārā uttāraṇena assāsadānena ca dhammo; appakānampi kārānaṃ vipulaphalapaṭilābhakaraṇena saṅgho<a name="P1.0231"></a>. Tasmā imināpi pariyāyena ratanattayaṃ saraṇaṃ. Tappasādataggarutāhi vihatakileso tapparāyaṇatākārappavatto cittuppādo saraṇagamanaṃ. Taṃ samaṅgīsatto saraṇaṃ gacchati. Vuttappakārena cittuppādena etāni me tīṇi ratanāni saraṇaṃ, etāni parāyaṇanti evaṃ upetīti attho. Evaṃ tāva saraṇaṃ, saraṇagamanaṃ, yo ca saraṇaṃ gacchati, idaṃ tayaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Saraṇagamanappabhede pana duvidhaṃ saraṇagamanaṃ – lokuttaraṃ lokiyañca. Tattha lokuttaraṃ diṭṭhasaccānaṃ maggakkhaṇe saraṇagamanupakkilesasamucchedena ārammaṇato nibbānārammaṇaṃ hutvā kiccato sakalepi ratanattaye ijjhati. Lokiyaṃ puthujjanānaṃ saraṇagamanupakkilesavikkhambhanena ārammaṇato buddhādiguṇārammaṇaṃ hutvā ijjhati. Taṃ atthato buddhādīsu vatthūsu saddhāpaṭilābho saddhāmūlikā <a name="V1.0187"></a> ca sammādiṭṭhi dasasu puññakiriyavatthūsu diṭṭhijukammanti vuccati. Tayidaṃ catudhā vattati – attasanniyyātanena, tapparāyaṇatāya, sissabhāvūpagamanena, paṇipātenāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">attasanniyyātanaṃ</span> nāma – ‘‘ajjādiṃ katvā ahaṃ attānaṃ buddhassa niyyātemi, dhammassa, saṅghassā’’ti evaṃ buddhādīnaṃ attapariccajanaṃ. <span class="bld">Tapparāyaṇatā</span> nāma ‘‘ajjādiṃ katvā ‘ahaṃ buddhaparāyaṇo, dhammaparāyaṇo, saṅghaparāyaṇo’ti. Maṃ dhārethā’’ti evaṃ tapparāyaṇabhāvo. <span class="bld">Sissabhāvūpagamanaṃ</span> nāma – ‘‘ajjādiṃ katvā – ‘ahaṃ buddhassa antevāsiko, dhammassa, saṅghassa antevāsiko’ti maṃ dhārethā’’ti evaṃ sissabhāvūpagamo. <span class="bld">Paṇipāto</span> nāma – ‘‘ajjādiṃ katvā ahaṃ abhivādanapaccuṭṭhānaañjalikammasāmīcikammaṃ buddhādīnaṃyeva tiṇṇaṃ vatthūnaṃ karomī’ti maṃ dhārethā’’ti evaṃ buddhādīsu paramanipaccākāro. Imesañhi catunnaṃ ākārānaṃ aññatarampi karontena gahitaṃyeva hoti saraṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Api ca bhagavato attānaṃ pariccajāmi, dhammassa, saṅghassa, attānaṃ pariccajāmi, jīvitaṃ pariccajāmi, pariccattoyeva <a name="P1.0232"></a> me attā, pariccattaṃyeva jīvitaṃ, jīvitapariyantikaṃ buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi, buddho me saraṇaṃ leṇaṃ tāṇanti<a name="M1.0207"></a>; evampi attasanniyyātanaṃ veditabbaṃ. ‘‘Satthārañca vatāhaṃ passeyyaṃ, bhagavantameva passeyyaṃ, sugatañca vatāhaṃ passeyyaṃ, bhagavantameva passeyyaṃ, sammāsambuddhañca vatāhaṃ passeyyaṃ, bhagavantameva passeyya’’nti (saṃ. ni. 2.154). Evampi mahākassapassa saraṇagamanaṃ viya sissabhāvūpagamanaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘So ahaṃ vicarissāmi, gāmā gāmaṃ purā puraṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Namassamāno sambuddhaṃ, dhammassa ca sudhammata’’nti. (su. ni. 194);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evampi āḷavakādīnaṃ saraṇagamanaṃ viya tapparāyaṇatā veditabbā. Atha kho brahmāyu brāhmaṇo uṭṭhāyāsanā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā bhagavato pādesu sirasā nipatitvā bhagavato pādāni mukhena ca paricumbati, pāṇīhi ca parisambāhati, nāmañca sāveti – ‘‘brahmāyu ahaṃ, bho gotama brāhmaṇo, brahmāyu ahaṃ, bho gotama brāhmaṇo’’ti (ma. ni. 2.394) evampi paṇipāto daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">So panesa ñātibhayācariyadakkhiṇeyyavasena catubbidho hoti. Tattha dakkhiṇeyyapaṇipātena saraṇagamanaṃ hoti, na itarehi. Seṭṭhavaseneva hi saraṇaṃ gaṇhāti, seṭṭhavasena <a name="V1.0188"></a> ca bhijjati. Tasmā yo sākiyo vā koliyo vā – ‘‘buddho amhākaṃ ñātako’’ti vandati, aggahitameva hoti saraṇaṃ. Yo vā – ‘‘samaṇo gotamo rājapūjito mahānubhāvo avandīyamāno anatthampi kareyyā’’ti bhayena vandati, aggahitameva hoti saraṇaṃ. Yo vā bodhisattakāle bhagavato santike kiñci uggahitaṃ saramāno buddhakāle vā –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Catudhā vibhaje bhoge, paṇḍito gharamāvasaṃ;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Ekena bhogaṃ bhuñjeyya, dvīhi kammaṃ payojaye;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Catutthañca nidhāpeyya, āpadāsu bhavissatī’’ti. (dī. ni. 3.265);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evarūpaṃ anusāsaniṃ uggahetvā – ‘‘ācariyo me’’ti vandati, aggahitameva <a name="P1.0233"></a> hoti saraṇaṃ. Yo pana – ‘‘ayaṃ loke aggadakkhiṇeyyo’’ti vandati, teneva gahitaṃ hoti saraṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ gahitasaraṇassa ca upāsakassa vā upāsikāya vā aññatitthiyesu pabbajitampi ñātiṃ – ‘‘ñātako me aya’’nti vandato saraṇagamanaṃ na <a name="M1.0208"></a> bhijjati, pageva apabbajitaṃ. Tathā rājānaṃ bhayavasena vandato. So hi raṭṭhapūjitattā avandīyamāno anatthampi kareyyāti. Tathā yaṃ kiñci sippaṃ sikkhāpakaṃ titthiyampi – ‘‘ācariyo me aya’’nti vandatopi na bhijjati, evaṃ saraṇagamanappabhedo veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca lokuttarassa saraṇagamanassa cattāri sāmaññaphalāni vipākaphalaṃ, sabbadukkhakkhayo ānisaṃsaphalaṃ. Vuttañhetaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yo ca buddhañca dhammañca, saṅghañca saraṇaṃ gato;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Cattāri ariyasaccāni, sammappaññāya passati.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Dukkhaṃ dukkhasamuppādaṃ, dukkhassa ca atikkamaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Ariyaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ, dukkhūpasamagāminaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Etaṃ kho saraṇaṃ khemaṃ, etaṃ saraṇamuttamaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Etaṃ saraṇamāgamma, sabbadukkhā pamuccatī’’ti. (dha. pa. 192);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Api <a name="V1.0189"></a> ca niccādito anupagamanādivasena petassa ānisaṃsaphalaṃ veditabbaṃ. Vuttañhetaṃ – ‘‘aṭṭhānametaṃ anavakāso, yaṃ diṭṭhisampanno puggalo kañci saṅkhāraṃ niccato upagaccheyya…pe… kañci saṅkhāraṃ sukhato…pe… kañci dhammaṃ attato upagaccheyya…pe… mātaraṃ jīvitā voropeyya…pe… pitaraṃ…pe… arahantaṃ…pe… paduṭṭhacitto tathāgatassa lohitaṃ uppādeyya…pe…. saṅghaṃ bhindeyya…pe… aññaṃ satthāraṃ uddiseyya, netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjatī’’ti (a. ni. 1.290). Lokiyassa pana saraṇagamanassa bhavasampadāpi bhogasampadāpi phalameva. Vuttañhetaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Ye keci buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gatāse, na te gamissanti apāyabhūmiṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Pahāya mānusaṃ dehaṃ, devakāyaṃ paripūressantī’’ti. (saṃ. ni. 1.37);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparampi <a name="P1.0234"></a> vuttaṃ – ‘‘atha kho sakko devānamindo asītiyā devatāsahassehi saddhiṃ yenāyasmā mahāmoggallāno tenupasaṅkami…pe… ekamantaṃ ṭhitaṃ kho sakkaṃ devānamindaṃ āyasmā mahāmoggallāno etadavoca – ‘‘sādhu kho, devānaminda, buddhaṃ saraṇagamanaṃ hoti. Buddhaṃ saraṇagamanahetu kho, devānaminda, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ <a name="M1.0209"></a> maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjanti…pe… te aññe deve dasahi ṭhānehi adhigaṇhanti – dibbena āyunā, dibbena vaṇṇena, dibbena sukhena, dibbena yasena, dibbena ādhipateyyena, dibbehi rūpehi saddehi gandhehi rasehi phoṭṭhabbehī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 4.341). Esa nayo dhamme ca saṅghe ca. Api ca velāmasuttādīnaṃ vasenāpi saraṇagamanassa phalaviseso veditabbo. Evaṃ saraṇagamanassa phalaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha ca lokiyasaraṇagamanaṃ tīsu vatthūsu aññāṇasaṃsayamicchāñāṇādīhi saṃkilissati, na mahājutikaṃ hoti, na mahāvipphāraṃ. Lokuttarassa natthi saṃkileso. Lokiyassa ca saraṇagamanassa duvidho bhedo – sāvajjo ca anavajjo ca. Tattha sāvajjo aññasatthārādīsu attasanniyyātanādīhi hoti, so ca aniṭṭhaphalo hoti. Anavajjo kālakiriyāya hoti, so avipākattā aphalo. Lokuttarassa pana nevatthi bhedo. Bhavantarepi hi ariyasāvako aññaṃ satthāraṃ na uddisatīti. Evaṃ saraṇagamanassa saṃkileso ca bhedo ca veditabboti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upāsakaṃ maṃ bhante bhagavā dhāretū</span>ti maṃ bhagavā ‘‘upāsako aya’’nti evaṃ dhāretu, jānātūti attho. Upāsakavidhikosallatthaṃ panettha – ko upāsako? Kasmā upāsakoti vuccati<a name="V1.0190"></a>? Kimassa sīlaṃ? Ko ājīvo? Kā vipatti? Kā sampattīti? Idaṃ pakiṇṇakaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">ko upāsako</span>ti yo koci saraṇagato gahaṭṭho. Vuttañhetaṃ – ‘‘yato kho, mahānāma, buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gato hoti, dhammaṃ saraṇaṃ gato hoti, saṅghaṃ saraṇaṃ gato hoti. Ettāvatā kho, mahānāma, upāsako hotī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.1033).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kasmā upāsako</span>ti ratanattayaṃ upāsanato. So hi buddhaṃ upāsatīti upāsako, tathā dhammaṃ saṃghaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kimassa</span> <a name="P1.0235"></a> <span class="bld">sīla</span>nti pañca veramaṇiyo. Yathāha – ‘‘yato kho, mahānāma, upāsako pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti, adinnādānā… kāmesumicchācārā… musāvādā… surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā paṭivirato hoti, ettāvatā kho, mahānāma, upāsako sīlavā hotī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.1033).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ko</span> <a name="M1.0210"></a> <span class="bld">ājīvo</span>ti pañca micchāvaṇijjā pahāya dhammena samena jīvitakappanaṃ. Vuttañhetaṃ – ‘‘pañcimā, bhikkhave, vaṇijjā upāsakena akaraṇīyā. Katamā pañca? Satthavaṇijjā, sattavaṇijjā, maṃsavaṇijjā, majjavaṇijjā, visavaṇijjā. Imā kho, bhikkhave, pañca vaṇijjā upāsakena akaraṇīyā’’ti (a. ni. 5.177).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kā vipattī</span>ti yā tasseva sīlassa ca ājīvassa ca vipatti, ayamassa vipatti. Api ca yāya esa caṇḍālo ceva hoti, malañca patikuṭṭho ca, sāpissa vipattīti veditabbā. Te ca atthato assaddhiyādayo pañca dhammā honti. Yathāha – ‘‘pañcahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato upāsako upāsakacaṇḍālo ca hoti, upāsakamalañca, upāsakapatikuṭṭho ca. Katamehi pañcahi? Assaddho hoti, dussīlo hoti, kotūhalamaṅgaliko hoti, maṅgalaṃ pacceti, no kammaṃ, ito ca bahiddhā dakkhiṇeyyaṃ pariyesati, tattha ca pubbakāraṃ karotī’’ti (a. ni. 5.175).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kā sampattī</span>ti yā cassa sīlasampadā ceva ājīvasampadā ca, sā sampatti; ye cassa ratanabhāvādikarā saddhādayo pañca dhammā. Yathāha – ‘‘pañcahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato upāsako <a name="V1.0191"></a> upāsakaratanañca hoti, upāsakapadumañca, upāsakapuṇḍarīkañca. Katamehi pañcahi? Saddho hoti, sīlavā hoti, na kotūhalamaṅgaliko hoti, kammaṃ pacceti, no maṅgalaṃ, na ito bahiddhā dakkhiṇeyyaṃ gavesati, idha ca pubbakāraṃ karotī’’ti (a. ni. 5.175).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ajjatagge</span>ti etthāyaṃ <span class="bld">agga</span>saddo ādikoṭikoṭṭhāsaseṭṭhesu dissati. ‘‘Ajjatagge, samma dovārika, āvarāmi dvāraṃ nigaṇṭhānaṃ nigaṇṭhīna’’ntiādīsu (ma. ni. 2.70) hi ādimhi dissati. ‘‘Teneva aṅgulaggena taṃ aṅgulaggaṃ parāmaseyya<a name="P1.0236"></a>. Ucchaggaṃ veḷagga’’ntiādīsu (kathā. 281) koṭiyaṃ. ‘‘Ambilaggaṃ vā madhuraggaṃ vā tittakaggaṃ vā vihāraggena vā pariveṇaggena vā bhājetu’’ntiādīsu (cūḷava. 317) koṭṭhāse. ‘‘Yāvatā, bhikkhave, sattā apadā vā…pe… tathāgato tesaṃ aggamakkhāyatī’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 4.34) seṭṭhe. Idha panāyaṃ ādimhi daṭṭhabbo. Tasmā ajjataggeti ajjataṃ ādiṃ katvāti evametthattho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Ajjata</span>nti <a name="M1.0211"></a> ajjabhāvaṃ. Ajjadaggeti vā pāṭho, dakāro padasandhikaro. Ajja agganti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pāṇupeta</span>nti pāṇehi upetaṃ. Yāva me jīvitaṃ pavattati, tāva upetaṃ anaññasatthukaṃ tīhi saraṇagamanehi saraṇaṃ gataṃ upāsakaṃ kappiyakārakaṃ maṃ bhagavā dhāretu jānātu. Ahañhi sacepi me tikhiṇena asinā sīsaṃ chindeyya, neva buddhaṃ ‘‘na buddho’’ti vā, dhammaṃ ‘‘na dhammo’’ti vā, saṅghaṃ ‘‘na saṅgho’’ti vā vadeyyanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ attasanniyyātanena saraṇaṃ gantvā attanā kataṃ aparādhaṃ pakāsento accayo maṃ, bhantetiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">accayo</span>ti aparādho. <span class="bld">Maṃ accagamā</span>ti maṃ atikkamma abhibhavitvā pavatto. <span class="bld">Dhammikaṃ dhammarājāna</span>nti ettha dhammaṃ caratīti dhammiko. Dhammeneva rājā jāto, na pitughātanādinā adhammenāti dhammarājā. <span class="bld">Jīvitā voropesi</span>nti jīvitā viyojesiṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭiggaṇhātū</span>ti khamatu. <span class="bld">Āyatiṃ saṃvarāyā</span>ti anāgate saṃvaratthāya. Puna evarūpassa aparādhassa dosassa khalitassa akaraṇatthāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para251"></a><a name="para251_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">251</span>. <span class="bld">Tagghā</span>ti ekaṃse nipāto. <span class="bld">Yathā dhammaṃ paṭikarosī</span>ti yathā dhammo ṭhito tatheva karosi, khamāpesīti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Taṃ te mayaṃ paṭiggaṇhāmā</span>ti taṃ tava aparādhaṃ mayaṃ khamāma. <span class="bld">Vuḍḍhihesā, mahārāja ariyassa vinaye</span>ti esā, mahārāja, ariyassa vinaye buddhassa bhagavato <a name="V1.0192"></a> sāsane vuḍḍhi nāma. Katamā? Yāyaṃ accayaṃ accayato disvā yathādhammaṃ paṭikaritvā <a name="P1.0237"></a> āyatiṃ saṃvarāpajjanā, desanaṃ pana puggalādhiṭṭhānaṃ karonto – ‘‘yo accayaṃ accayato disvā yathādhammaṃ paṭikaroti, āyatiṃ saṃvaraṃ āpajjatī’’ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para252"></a><a name="para252_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">252</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ vutte</span>ti evaṃ bhagavatā vutte. <span class="bld">Handa ca dāni mayaṃ bhante</span>ti ettha handāti vacasāyatthe nipāto. So hi gamanavacasāyaṃ katvā evamāha. <span class="bld">Bahukiccā</span>ti balavakiccā. <span class="bld">Bahukaraṇīyā</span>ti tasseva vevacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Yassadāni tva</span>nti yassa idāni tvaṃ mahārāja gamanassa kālaṃ maññasi jānāsi, tassa kālaṃ tvameva jānāsīti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmī</span>ti tikkhattuṃ padakkhiṇaṃ katvā dasanakhasamodhānasamujjalaṃ añjaliṃ <a name="M1.0212"></a> sirasi patiṭṭhapetvā yāva dassanavisayaṃ bhagavato abhimukhova paṭikkamitvā dassanavijahanaṭṭhānabhūmiyaṃ pañcapatiṭṭhitena vanditvā pakkāmi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para253"></a><a name="para253_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">253</span>. <span class="bld">Khatāyaṃ, bhikkhave, rājā</span>ti khato ayaṃ, bhikkhave, rājā. <span class="bld">Upahatāya</span>nti upahato ayaṃ. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – ayaṃ, bhikkhave, rājā khato upahato bhinnapatiṭṭho jāto, tathānena attanāva attā khato, yathā attano patiṭṭhā na jātāti. <span class="bld">Viraja</span>nti rāgarajādivirahitaṃ. Rāgamalādīnaṃyeva vigatattā <span class="bld">vītamalaṃ. Dhammacakkhu</span>nti dhammesu vā cakkhuṃ, dhammamayaṃ vā cakkhuṃ, aññesu ṭhānesu tiṇṇaṃ maggānametaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Idha pana sotāpattimaggasseva. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – sace iminā pitā ghātito nābhavissa, idāni idhevāsane nisinno sotāpattimaggaṃ patto abhavissa, pāpamittasaṃsaggena panassa antarāyo jāto. Evaṃ santepi yasmā ayaṃ tathāgataṃ upasaṅkamitvā ratanattayaṃ saraṇaṃ gato, tasmā mama sāsanamahantatāya yathā nāma koci purisassa vadhaṃ katvā pupphamuṭṭhimattena daṇḍena mucceyya, evameva lohakumbhiyaṃ nibbattitvā <a name="P1.0238"></a> tiṃsavassasahassāni adho patanto heṭṭhimatalaṃ patvā tiṃsavassasahassāni uddhaṃ gacchanto punapi uparimatalaṃ pāpuṇitvā muccissatīti idampi kira bhagavatā vuttameva, pāḷiyaṃ pana na ārūḷhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idaṃ pana suttaṃ sutvā raññā koci ānisaṃso laddhoti? Mahāānisaṃso laddho. Ayañhi pitu māritakālato paṭṭhāya neva rattiṃ na divā niddaṃ labhati, satthāraṃ pana upasaṅkamitvā imāya madhurāya ojavantiyā dhammadesanāya sutakālato paṭṭhāya niddaṃ labhi. Tiṇṇaṃ ratanānaṃ mahāsakkāraṃ akāsi. Pothujjanikāya saddhāya samannāgato nāma iminā raññā sadiso nāhosi. Anāgate pana <span class="bld">vijitāvī nāma paccekabuddho</span> hutvā parinibbāyissatīti<a name="V1.0193"></a>. Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandunti.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti sumaṅgalavilāsiniyā dīghanikāyaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</p>
<p class="centered">Sāmaññaphalasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter"><a name="dn1_3"></a>3. Ambaṭṭhasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">Addhānagamanavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para254"></a><a name="para254_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">254</span>. Evaṃ <a name="P1.0239"></a><a name="V1.0194"></a><a name="M1.0213"></a> me sutaṃ…pe… kosalesūti ambaṭṭhasuttaṃ. Tatrāyaṃ apubbapadavaṇṇanā. <span class="bld">Kosalesū</span>ti kosalā nāma jānapadino rājakumārā. Tesaṃ nivāso ekopi janapado rūḷhīsaddena kosalāti vuccati, tasmiṃ kosalesu janapade. Porāṇā panāhu – yasmā pubbe mahāpanādaṃ rājakumāraṃ nānānāṭakādīni disvā sitamattampi akarontaṃ sutvā rājā āha – ‘‘yo mama puttaṃ hasāpeti, sabbālaṅkārena naṃ alaṅkaromī’’ti. Tato naṅgalānipi chaḍḍetvā mahājanakāye sannipatite manussā sātirekāni sattavassāni nānākīḷāyo dassetvāpi taṃ hasāpetuṃ nāsakkhiṃsu, tato sakko devarājā nāṭakaṃ pesesi, so dibbanāṭakaṃ dassetvā hasāpesi. Atha te manussā attano attano vasanokāsābhimukhā pakkamiṃsu. Te paṭipathe mittasuhajjādayo disvā paṭisanthāraṃ karontā – ‘‘kacci bho kusalaṃ, kacci bho kusala’’nti āhaṃsu. Tasmā taṃ ‘‘kusala’’nti vacanaṃ upādāya so padeso kosalāti vuccatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cārikaṃ caramāno</span>ti addhānagamanaṃ gacchanto. Cārikā ca nāmesā bhagavato duvidhā hoti – turitacārikā ca, aturitacārikā ca. Tattha dūrepi bodhaneyyapuggalaṃ disvā tassa bodhanatthāya sahasā gamanaṃ <span class="bld">turitacārikā</span> nāma, sā mahākassapassa paccuggamanādīsu daṭṭhabbā. Bhagavā hi mahākassapattheraṃ paccuggacchanto muhuttena tigāvutaṃ maggaṃ agamāsi. Āḷavakassatthāya tiṃsayojanaṃ, tathā <a name="P1.0240"></a> aṅgulimālassa. Pakkusātissa pana pañcacattālīsayojanaṃ. Mahākappinassa vīsayojanasataṃ. Dhaniyassatthāya sattayojanasatāni agamāsi. Dhammasenāpatino saddhivihārikassa vanavāsītissasāmaṇerassa tigāvutādhikaṃ vīsayojanasataṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ekadivasaṃ kira thero – ‘‘tissasāmaṇerassa santikaṃ, bhante, gacchāmī’’ti āha. Bhagavā <a name="V1.0195"></a> – ‘‘ahampi gamissāmī’’ti vatvā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ <a name="M1.0214"></a> āmantesi – ‘‘ānanda, vīsatisahassānaṃ chaḷabhiññānaṃ ārocehi, bhagavā kira vanavāsissa tissasāmaṇerassa santikaṃ gamissatī’’ti. Tato dutiyadivase vīsatisahassakhīṇāsavaparivāro ākāse uppatitvā vīsatiyojanasatamatthake tassa gocaragāmadvāre otaritvā cīvaraṃ pārupi. Taṃ kammantaṃ gacchamānā manussā disvā – ‘‘satthā no āgato, mā kammantaṃ agamitthā’’ti vatvā āsanāni paññapetvā yāguṃ datvā pātarāsabhattaṃ karontā – ‘‘kuhiṃ, bhante, bhagavā gacchatī’’ti daharabhikkhū pucchiṃsu. Upāsakā na bhagavā aññattha gacchati, idheva tissasāmaṇerassa dassanatthāyāgatoti. Te – ‘‘amhākaṃ kulūpakassa kira therassa dassanatthāya satthā āgato, no vata no thero oramattako’’ti somanassajātā ahesuṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha kho bhagavato bhattakiccapariyosāne sāmaṇero gāme piṇḍāya caritvā – ‘‘upāsakā, mahābhikkhusaṅgho’’ti pucchi. Athassa te ‘‘satthā, bhante, āgato’’ti ārocesuṃ. So bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamitvā piṇḍapātena āpucchi. Satthā tassa pattaṃ hatthena gahetvā – ‘‘alaṃ, tissa, niṭṭhitaṃ bhattakicca’’nti āha. Tato upajjhāyaṃ āpucchitvā attano pattāsane nisīditvā bhattakiccamakāsi. Athassa bhattakiccapariyosāne satthā maṅgalaṃ vatvā nikkhamitvā gāmadvāre ṭhatvā – ‘‘kataro te, tissa, vasanaṭṭhānaṃ gatamaggo’’ti āha. Ayaṃ bhagavāti. Maggaṃ desayamāno purato yāhi tissāti. Bhagavā kira sadevakassa lokassa maggadesakopi samāno sakale tigāvute magge ‘sāmaṇeraṃ daṭṭhuṃ <a name="P1.0241"></a> lacchāmī’ti taṃ maggadesakaṃ akāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">So attano vasanaṭṭhānaṃ gantvā bhagavato vattamakāsi. Atha naṃ bhagavā – ‘‘kataro te, tissa, caṅkamo’’ti pucchitvā tattha gantvā sāmaṇerassa nisīdanapāsāṇe nisīditvā – ‘‘tissa, imasmiṃ ṭhāne sukhaṃ vasī’’ti pucchi. So āha – ‘‘āma, bhante, imasmiṃ ṭhāne vasantassa sīhabyagghahatthimigamorādīnaṃ saddaṃ suṇato araññasaññā uppajjati, tāya sukhaṃ vasāmī’’ti. Atha naṃ bhagavā – ‘‘tissa, bhikkhusaṅghaṃ sannipātehi, buddhadāyajjaṃ te dassāmī’’ti vatvā sannipatite bhikkhusaṅghe upasampādetvā attano vasanaṭṭhānameva agamāsīti. Ayaṃ <span class="bld">turitacārikā</span> nāma. Yaṃ <a name="M1.0215"></a> pana gāmanigamapaṭipāṭiyā devasikaṃ yojanadviyojanavasena piṇḍapātacariyādīhi lokaṃ anuggaṇhantassa gamanaṃ, ayaṃ <span class="bld">aturitacārikā</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Imaṃ pana cārikaṃ caranto bhagavā mahāmaṇḍalaṃ, majjhimamaṇḍalaṃ, antomaṇḍalanti imesaṃ tiṇṇaṃ maṇḍalānaṃ aññatarasmiṃ carati. Tattha mahāmaṇḍalaṃ navayojanasatikaṃ, majjhimamaṇḍalaṃ chayojanasatikaṃ<a name="V1.0196"></a>, antomaṇḍalaṃ tiyojanasatikaṃ. Yadā mahāmaṇḍale cārikaṃ caritukāmo hoti, mahāpavāraṇāya pavāretvā pāṭipadadivase mahābhikkhusaṅghaparivāro nikkhamati. Samantā yojanasataṃ ekakolāhalaṃ hoti. Purimaṃ purimaṃ āgatā nimantetuṃ labhanti. Itaresu dvīsu maṇḍalesu sakkāro mahāmaṇḍale osarati. Tattha bhagavā tesu tesu gāmanigamesu ekāhaṃ dvīhaṃ vasanto mahājanaṃ āmisappaṭiggahena anuggaṇhanto dhammadānena cassa vivaṭṭasannissitaṃ kusalaṃ vaḍḍhento navahi māsehi cārikaṃ pariyosāpeti. Sace pana antovasse bhikkhūnaṃ samathavipassanā taruṇā honti, mahāpavāraṇāya apavāretvā pavāraṇāsaṅgahaṃ datvā kattikapuṇṇamāyaṃ pavāretvā migasirassa paṭhamapāṭipadadivase mahābhikkhusaṅghaparivāro nikkhamitvā majjhimamaṇḍale osarati. Aññenapi <a name="P1.0242"></a> kāraṇena majjhimamaṇḍale cārikaṃ caritukāmo catumāsaṃ vasitvāva nikkhamati. Vuttanayeneva itaresu dvīsu maṇḍalesu sakkāro majjhimamaṇḍale osarati. Bhagavā purimanayeneva lokaṃ anuggaṇhanto aṭṭhahi māsehi cārikaṃ pariyosāpeti. Sace pana catumāsaṃ vutthavassassāpi bhagavato veneyyasattā aparipakkindriyā honti, tesaṃ indriyaparipākaṃ āgamayamāno aparampi ekamāsaṃ vā dviticatumāsaṃ vā tattheva vasitvā mahābhikkhusaṅghaparivāro nikkhamati. Vuttanayeneva itaresu dvīsu maṇḍalesu sakkāro antomaṇḍale osarati. Bhagavā purimanayeneva lokaṃ anuggaṇhanto sattahi vā chahi vā pañcahi vā catūhi vā māsehi cārikaṃ pariyosāpeti. Iti imesu tīsu maṇḍalesu yattha katthaci cārikaṃ caranto na cīvarādihetu carati. Atha kho ye duggatabālajiṇṇabyādhitā, te kadā tathāgataṃ āgantvā passissanti. Mayi pana cārikaṃ carante mahājano tathāgatassa dassanaṃ labhissati. Tattha keci cittāni pasādessanti<a name="M1.0216"></a>, keci mālādīhi pūjessanti, keci kaṭacchubhikkhaṃ dassanti, keci micchādassanaṃ pahāya sammādiṭṭhikā bhavissanti. Taṃ nesaṃ bhavissati dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāyāti. Evaṃ lokānukampakāya cārikaṃ carati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Api ca catūhi kāraṇehi buddhā bhagavanto cārikaṃ caranti, jaṅghavihāravasena sarīraphāsukatthāya, atthuppattikālābhikaṅkhanatthāya, bhikkhūnaṃ sikkhāpadapaññāpanatthāya, tattha tattha paripākagatindriye bodhaneyyasatte bodhanatthāyāti. Aparehipi catūhi kāraṇehi buddhā bhagavanto cārikaṃ caranti buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchissantīti vā, dhammaṃ, saṅghaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchissantīti vā, mahatā dhammavassena catasso parisā santappessāmīti vā. Aparehipi pañcahi kāraṇehi buddhā bhagavanto cārikaṃ caranti pāṇātipātā viramissantīti vā, adinnādānā<a name="P1.0243"></a>, kāmesumicchācārā, musāvādā, surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā viramissantīti vā. Aparehipi aṭṭhahi kāraṇehi buddhā bhagavanto cārikaṃ caranti – paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ paṭilabhissantīti vā, dutiyaṃ <a name="V1.0197"></a> jhānaṃ…pe… nevasaññānāsaññāyatanasamāpattiṃ paṭilabhissantīti vā. Aparehipi aṭṭhahi kāraṇehi buddhā bhagavanto cārikaṃ caranti – sotāpattimaggaṃ adhigamissantīti vā, sotāpattiphalaṃ…pe… arahattaphalaṃ sacchikarissantīti vāti. Ayaṃ aturitacārikā, idha cārikāti adhippetā. Sā panesā duvidhā hoti – anibaddhacārikā ca nibaddhacārikā ca. Tattha yaṃ gāmanigamanagarapaṭipāṭivasena carati, ayaṃ anibaddhacārikā nāma. Yaṃ panekasseva bodhaneyyasattassatthāya gacchati, ayaṃ nibaddhacārikā nāma. Esā idha adhippetā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tadā kira bhagavato pacchimayāmakiccapariyosāne dasasahassilokadhātuyā ñāṇajālaṃ pattharitvā bodhaneyyabandhave olokentassa pokkharasātibrāhmaṇo sabbaññutaññāṇajālassa anto paviṭṭho. Atha bhagavā ayaṃ brāhmaṇo mayhaṃ ñāṇajāle paññāyati, ‘‘atthi nu khvassa upanissayo’’ti vīmaṃsanto sotāpattimaggassa upanissayaṃ disvā – ‘‘eso mayi etaṃ janapadaṃ gate lakkhaṇapariyesanatthaṃ ambaṭṭhaṃ antevāsiṃ pahiṇissati, so mayā saddhiṃ vādapaṭivādaṃ katvā nānappakāraṃ asabbhivākyaṃ vakkhati, tamahaṃ dametvā nibbisevanaṃ karissāmi. So <a name="M1.0217"></a> ācariyassa kathessati, athassācariyo taṃ kathaṃ sutvā āgamma mama lakkhaṇāni pariyesissati, tassāhaṃ dhammaṃ desessāmi. So desanāpariyosāne sotāpattiphale patiṭṭhahissati. Desanā mahājanassa saphalā bhavissatī’’ti pañcabhikkhusataparivāro taṃ janapadaṃ paṭipanno. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘kosalesu cārikaṃ caramāno mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yena icchānaṅgala</span>nti yena disābhāgena icchānaṅgalaṃ avasaritabbaṃ. Yasmiṃ vā padese icchānaṅgalaṃ. Ijjhānaṅgalantipi pāṭho. <span class="bld">Tadavasarī</span>ti <a name="P1.0244"></a> tena avasari, taṃ vā avasari. Tena disābhāgena gato, taṃ vā padesaṃ gatoti attho. <span class="bld">Icchānaṅgale viharati icchānaṅgalavanasaṇḍe</span>ti icchānaṅgalaṃ upanissāya icchānaṅgalavanasaṇḍe sīlakhandhāvāraṃ bandhitvā samādhikontaṃ ussāpetvā sabbaññutaññāṇasaraṃ parivattayamāno dhammarājā yathābhirucitena vihārena viharati.</p>
<p class="subhead">Pokkharasātivatthuvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para255"></a><a name="para255_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">255</span>. <span class="bld">Tena kho pana samayenā</span>ti yena samayena bhagavā tattha viharati, tena samayena, tasmiṃ samayeti ayamattho. Brahmaṃ aṇatīti <span class="bld">brāhmaṇo,</span> mante sajjhāyatīti attho. Idameva hi jātibrāhmaṇānaṃ niruttivacanaṃ. Ariyā pana bāhitapāpattā brāhmaṇāti vuccanti. <span class="bld">Pokkharasātī</span>ti <a name="V1.0198"></a> idaṃ tassa nāmaṃ. Kasmā pokkharasātīti vuccati. Tassa kira kāyo setapokkharasadiso, devanagare ussāpitarajatatoraṇaṃ viya sobhati. Sīsaṃ panassa kāḷavaṇṇaṃ indanīlamaṇimayaṃ viya. Massupi candamaṇḍale kāḷamegharāji viya khāyati. Akkhīni nīluppalasadisāni. Nāsā rajatapanāḷikā viya suvaṭṭitā suparisuddhā. Hatthapādatalāni ceva mukhadvārañca katalākhārasaparikammaṃ viya sobhati, ativiya sobhaggappatto brāhmaṇassa attabhāvo. Arājake ṭhāne rājānaṃ kātuṃ yuttamimaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ. Evamesa sassiriko. Iti naṃ pokkharasadisattā pokkharasātīti sañjānanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ayaṃ <a name="M1.0218"></a> pana kassapasammāsambuddhakāle tiṇṇaṃ vedānaṃ pāragū dasabalassa dānaṃ datvā dhammadesanaṃ sutvā devaloke nibbatti. So tato manussalokamāgacchanto mātukucchivāsaṃ jigucchitvā himavantapadese mahāsare padumagabbhe nibbatti. Tassa ca sarassa avidūre tāpaso paṇṇasālāya vasati. So tīre ṭhito taṃ padumaṃ disvā – ‘‘idaṃ padumaṃ avasesapadumehi mahantataraṃ. Pupphitakāle naṃ gahessāmī’’ti cintesi. Taṃ sattāhenāpi na pupphati. Tāpaso kasmā nu kho idaṃ sattāhenāpi na pupphati. Handa naṃ gahessāmīti otaritvā gaṇhi. Taṃ tena nāḷato chinnamattaṃyeva <a name="P1.0245"></a> pupphitaṃ. Athassabbhantare suvaṇṇacuṇṇapiñjaraṃ viya rajatabimbakaṃ padumareṇupiñjaraṃ setavaṇṇaṃ dārakaṃ addasa. So mahāpuñño esa bhavissati. Handa naṃ paṭijaggāmīti paṇṇasālaṃ netvā paṭijaggitvā sattavassakālato paṭṭhāya tayo vede uggaṇhāpesi. Dārako tiṇṇaṃ vedānaṃ pāraṃ gantvā paṇḍito byatto jambudīpe aggabrāhmaṇo ahosi. So aparena samayena rañño kosalassa sippaṃ dassesi. Athassa sippe pasanno rājā ukkaṭṭhaṃ nāma mahānagaraṃ brahmadeyyaṃ adāsi. Iti naṃ pokkhare sayitattā pokkharasātīti sañjānanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ukkaṭṭhaṃ ajjhāvasatī</span>ti ukkaṭṭhanāmake nagare vasati. Abhibhavitvā vā āvasati. Tassa nagarassa sāmiko hutvā yāya mariyādāya tattha vasitabbaṃ, tāya mariyādāya vasi. Tassa kira nagarassa vatthuṃ ukkā ṭhapetvā ukkāsu jalamānāsu aggahesuṃ, tasmā taṃ ukkaṭṭhanti vuccati. Okkaṭṭhantipi pāṭho, soyevattho. Upasaggavasena panettha bhummatthe upayogavacanaṃ veditabbaṃ. Tassa anupayogattā ca sesapadesu. Tattha lakkhaṇaṃ saddasatthato pariyesitabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sattussada</span>nti sattehi ussadaṃ, ussannaṃ bahujanaṃ ākiṇṇamanussaṃ. Posāvaniyahatthiassamoramigādianekasattasamākiṇṇañcāti <a name="V1.0199"></a> attho. Yasmā panetaṃ nagaraṃ bahi āvijjhitvā jātena hatthiassādīnaṃ ghāsatiṇena ceva gehacchādanatiṇena ca sampannaṃ. Tathā dārukaṭṭhehi ceva gehasambhārakaṭṭhehi ca. Yasmā cassabbhantare vaṭṭacaturassādisaṇṭhānā bahū pokkharaṇiyo jalajakusumavicittāni ca bahūni anekāni taḷākāni udakassa niccabharitāneva honti, tasmā <span class="bld">satiṇakaṭṭhodaka</span>nti vuttaṃ. Saha dhaññenāti <span class="bld">sadhaññaṃ</span> pubbaṇṇāparaṇṇādibhedaṃ bahudhaññasannicayanti attho<a name="M1.0219"></a>. Ettāvatā yasmiṃ nagare brāhmaṇo setacchattaṃ ussāpetvā rājalīlāya vasati, tassa samiddhisampatti dīpitā hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Rājato laddhaṃ bhoggaṃ <span class="bld">rājabhoggaṃ.</span> Kena <a name="P1.0246"></a> dinnanti ce? Raññā pasenadinā kosalena dinnaṃ. <span class="bld">Rājadāya</span>nti rañño dāyabhūtaṃ, dāyajjanti attho. <span class="bld">Brahmadeyya</span>nti seṭṭhadeyyaṃ, chattaṃ ussāpetvā rājasaṅkhepena bhuñjitabbanti attho. Atha vā <span class="bld">rājabhogga</span>nti sabbaṃ chejjabhejjaṃ anusāsantena nadītitthapabbatādīsu suṅkaṃ gaṇhantena setacchattaṃ ussāpetvā raññā hutvā bhuñjitabbaṃ. Raññā pasenadinā kosalena dinnaṃ rājadāyanti ettha taṃ nagaraṃ raññā dinnattā <span class="bld">rājadāyaṃ</span> dāyakarājadīpanatthaṃ panassa <span class="bld">‘‘raññā pasenadinā kosalena dinna’’</span>nti idaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Brahmadeyya</span>nti seṭṭhadeyyaṃ. Yathā dinnaṃ na puna gahetabbaṃ hoti, nissaṭṭhaṃ pariccattaṃ. Evaṃ dinnanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Assosī</span>ti suṇi upalabhi, sotadvārasampattavacananigghosānusārena aññāsi. <span class="bld">Kho</span>ti avadhāraṇatthe padapūraṇamatte vā nipāto. Tattha avadhāraṇatthena assosi eva, nāssa koci savanantarāyo ahosīti ayamattho veditabbo. Padapūraṇena pana padabyañjanasiliṭṭhatāmattameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni yamatthaṃ brāhmaṇo pokkharasāti assosi, taṃ pakāsento – ‘‘samaṇo khalu bho gotamo’’tiādimāha. Tattha samitapāpattā <span class="bld">samaṇo</span>ti veditabbo. Vuttañhetaṃ – ‘‘samitāssa honti pāpakā akusalā dhammā’’tiādi (ma. ni. 1.434). Bhagavā ca anuttarena ariyamaggena samitapāpo. Tenassa yathābhūtaguṇādhigatametaṃ nāmaṃ, yadidaṃ samaṇoti. <span class="bld">Khalū</span>ti anussavanatthe nipāto. <span class="bld">Bho</span>ti brāhmaṇajātisamudāgataṃ ālapanamattaṃ. Vuttampi cetaṃ – ‘‘bhovādī nāma so hoti, sace hoti sakiñcano’’ti (dha. pa. 55). <span class="bld">Gotamo</span>ti bhagavantaṃ gottavasena parikitteti. Tasmā samaṇo khalu bho gotamoti ettha samaṇo kira bho gotamagottoti evamattho daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sakyaputto</span>ti <a name="V1.0200"></a> idaṃ pana bhagavato uccākulaparidīpanaṃ<a name="P1.0247"></a>. <span class="bld">Sakyakulā pabbajito</span>ti saddhāpabbajitabhāvaparidīpanaṃ. Kenaci pārijuññena anabhibhūto aparikkhīṇaṃyeva <a name="M1.0220"></a> taṃ kulaṃ pahāya saddhāya pabbajitoti vuttaṃ hoti. Tato paraṃ vuttatthameva. <span class="bld">Taṃ kho panā</span>tiādi sāmaññaphale vuttameva. <span class="bld">Sādhu kho panā</span>ti sundaraṃ kho pana. Atthāvahaṃ sukhāvahanti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Tathārūpānaṃ arahata</span>nti yathārūpo so bhavaṃ gotamo, evarūpānaṃ yathābhūtaguṇādhigamena loke arahantoti laddhasaddhānaṃ arahataṃ. <span class="bld">Dassanaṃ hotī</span>ti pasādasommāni akkhīni ummīletvā dassanamattampi sādhu hotīti, evaṃ ajjhāsayaṃ katvā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Ambaṭṭhamāṇavakathā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para256"></a><a name="para256_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">256</span>. <span class="bld">Ajjhāyako</span>ti idaṃ – ‘‘na dānime jhāyanti, na dānime jhāyantīti kho, vāseṭṭha, ajjhāyakā ajjhāyakā tveva tatiyaṃ akkharaṃ upanibbatta’’nti, evaṃ paṭhamakappikakāle jhānavirahitānaṃ brāhmaṇānaṃ garahavacanaṃ. Idāni pana taṃ ajjhāyatīti ajjhāyako. Mante parivattetīti iminā atthena pasaṃsāvacanaṃ katvā voharanti. Mante dhāretīti <span class="bld">mantadharo. </span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tiṇṇaṃ vedāna</span>nti iruvedayajuvedasāmavedānaṃ. Oṭṭhapahatakaraṇavasena pāraṃ gatoti <span class="bld">pāragū.</span> Saha nighaṇḍunā ca keṭubhena ca <span class="bld">sanighaṇḍukeṭubhānaṃ. Nighaṇḍū</span>ti nighaṇḍurukkhādīnaṃ vevacanapakāsakaṃ satthaṃ. <span class="bld">Keṭubha</span>nti kiriyākappavikappo kavīnaṃ upakārāvahaṃ satthaṃ. Saha akkharappabhedena <span class="bld">sākkharappabhedānaṃ. Akkharappabhedo</span>ti sikkhā ca nirutti ca. <span class="bld">Itihāsapañcamāna</span>nti āthabbaṇavedaṃ catutthaṃ katvā itiha āsa, itiha āsāti īdisavacanapaṭisaṃyutto purāṇakathāsaṅkhāto itihāso pañcamo etesanti itihāsapañcamā, tesaṃ itihāsapañcamānaṃ vedānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Padaṃ tadavasesañca byākaraṇaṃ adhīyati vedeti cāti <span class="bld">padako veyyākaraṇo.</span> Lokāyataṃ vuccati vitaṇḍavādasatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Mahāpurisalakkhaṇa</span>nti <a name="P1.0248"></a> mahāpurisānaṃ buddhādīnaṃ lakkhaṇadīpakaṃ dvādasasahassaganthapamāṇaṃ satthaṃ. Yattha soḷasasahassagāthāparimāṇā buddhamantā nāma ahesuṃ, yesaṃ vasena iminā lakkhaṇena samannāgatā buddhā nāma honti, iminā paccekabuddhā, iminā dve aggasāvakā, asīti mahāsāvakā<a name="M1.0221"></a>, buddhamātā, buddhapitā, aggupaṭṭhāko, aggupaṭṭhāyikā, rājā cakkavattīti ayaṃ viseso paññāyati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anavayo</span>ti <a name="V1.0201"></a> imesu lokāyatamahāpurisalakkhaṇesu anūno paripūrakārī, avayo na hotīti vuttaṃ hoti. Avayo nāma yo tāni atthato ca ganthato ca sandhāretuṃ na sakkoti. <span class="bld">Anuññātapaṭiññāto</span>ti anuññāto ceva paṭiññāto ca. Ācariyenassa ‘‘yaṃ ahaṃ jānāmi, taṃ tvaṃ jānāsī’’tiādinā anuññāto. ‘‘Āma ācariyā’’ti attanā tassa paṭivacanadānapaṭiññāya paṭiññātoti attho. Katarasmiṃ adhikāre? Sake ācariyake tevijjake pāvacane. Esa kira brāhmaṇo cintesi ‘‘imasmiṃ loke ‘ahaṃ buddho, ahaṃ buddho’ti uggatassa nāmaṃ gahetvā bahū janā vicaranti. Tasmā na me anussavamatteneva upasaṅkamituṃ yuttaṃ. Ekaccañhi upasaṅkamantassa apakkamanampi garu hoti, anatthopi uppajjati. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ mama antevāsikaṃ pesetvā – ‘buddho vā, no vā’ti jānitvāva upasaṅkameyya’’nti, tasmā māṇavaṃ āmantetvā ayaṃ tātātiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para257"></a><a name="para257_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">257</span>. <span class="bld">Taṃ bhavanta</span>nti tassa bhoto gotamassa. <span class="bld">Tathā santaṃ yevā</span>ti tathā satoyeva. Idhāpi hi itthambhūtākhyānatthavaseneva upayogavacanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para258"></a><a name="para258_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">258</span>. <span class="bld">Yathā kathaṃ panāhaṃ, bho, ta</span>nti ettha kathaṃ panāhaṃ bho taṃ bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ jānissāmi, yathā sakkā so ñātuṃ, tathā me ācikkhāhīti attho. <span class="bld">Yathā</span>ti vā nipātamattamevetaṃ. <span class="bld">Katha</span>nti ayaṃ ākārapucchā. Kenākārenāhaṃ taṃ bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ jānissāmīti attho. Evaṃ vutte kira naṃ upajjhāyo ‘‘kiṃ tvaṃ, tāta, pathaviyaṃ <a name="P1.0249"></a> ṭhito, pathaviṃ na passāmīti viya; candimasūriyānaṃ obhāse ṭhito, candimasūriye na passāmīti viya vadasī’’tiādīni vatvā jānanākāraṃ dassento āgatāni kho, tātātiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">mantesū</span>ti vedesu. Tathāgato kira uppajjissatīti paṭikacceva suddhāvāsā devā vedesu lakkhaṇāni pakkhipitvā buddhamantā nāmeteti brāhmaṇaveseneva vede vācenti. Tadanusārena mahesakkhā sattā tathāgataṃ jānissantīti. Tena pubbe vedesu mahāpurisalakkhaṇāni <a name="M1.0222"></a> āgacchanti. Parinibbute pana tathāgate anukkamena antaradhāyanti. Tenetarahi natthīti. <span class="bld">Mahāpurisassā</span>ti paṇidhisamādānañāṇakaruṇādiguṇamahato purisassa. <span class="bld">Dveyeva gatiyo</span>ti dveyeva niṭṭhā. Kāmañcāyaṃ gatisaddo ‘‘pañca kho imā, sāriputta, gatiyo’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.153) bhavabhede vattati. ‘‘Gati migānaṃ pavana’’ntiādīsu (pari. 399) nivāsaṭṭhāne. ‘‘Evaṃ adhimattagatimanto’’tiādīsu paññāyaṃ. ‘‘Gatigata’’ntiādīsu visaṭabhāve. Idha pana niṭṭhāyaṃ vattatīti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="V1.0202"></a> kiñcāpi yehi lakkhaṇehi samannāgato rājā cakkavattī hoti, na teheva buddho hoti; jātisāmaññato pana tāniyeva tānīti vuccanti. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘yehi samannāgatassā’’ti. <span class="bld">Sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasatī</span>ti yadi agāre vasati. <span class="bld">Rājā hoti cakkavattī</span>ti catūhi acchariyadhammehi, saṅgahavatthūhi ca lokaṃ rañjanato rājā, cakkaratanaṃ vatteti, catūhi sampatticakkehi vattati, tehi ca paraṃ vatteti, parahitāya ca iriyāpathacakkānaṃ vatto etasmiṃ atthīti cakkavattī. Ettha ca rājāti sāmaññaṃ. Cakkavattīti visesaṃ. Dhammena caratīti <span class="bld">dhammiko.</span> Ñāyena samena vattatīti attho. Dhammena rajjaṃ labhitvā rājā jātoti <span class="bld">dhammarājā.</span> Parahitadhammakaraṇena vā <span class="bld">dhammiko.</span> Attahitadhammakaraṇena <span class="bld">dhammarājā.</span> Caturantāya issaroti <span class="bld">cāturanto,</span> catusamuddaantāya, catubbidhadīpavibhūsitāya pathaviyā issaroti attho. Ajjhattaṃ <a name="P1.0250"></a> kopādipaccatthike bahiddhā ca sabbarājāno vijetīti <span class="bld">vijitāvī. Janapadatthāvariyappatto</span>ti janapade dhuvabhāvaṃ thāvarabhāvaṃ patto, na sakkā kenaci cāletuṃ. Janapado vā tamhi thāvariyappatto anuyutto sakammanirato acalo asampavedhīti janapadatthāvariyappatto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Seyyathida</span>nti nipāto, tassa cetāni katamānīti attho. <span class="bld">Cakkaratana</span>ntiādīsu cakkañca, taṃ ratijananaṭṭhena ratanañcāti cakkaratanaṃ. Esa nayo sabbattha. Imesu pana ratanesu ayaṃ cakkavattirājā cakkaratanena ajitaṃ jināti, hatthiassaratanehi vijite yathāsukhaṃ anucarati, pariṇāyakaratanena <a name="M1.0223"></a> vijitamanurakkhati, avasesehi upabhogasukhamanubhavati. Paṭhamena cassa ussāhasattiyogo, pacchimena mantasattiyogo, hatthiassagahapatiratanehi pabhusattiyogo suparipuṇṇo hoti, itthimaṇiratanehi tividhasattiyogaphalaṃ. So itthimaṇiratanehi bhogasukhamanubhavati, sesehi issariyasukhaṃ. Visesato cassa purimāni tīṇi adosakusalamūlajanitakammānubhāvena sampajjanti, majjhimāni alobhakusalamūlajanitakammānubhāvena, pacchimamekaṃ amohakusalamūlajanitakammānubhāvenāti veditabbaṃ. Ayamettha saṅkhepo. Vitthāro pana bojjhaṅgasaṃyutte ratanasuttassa upadesato gahetabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Parosahassa</span>nti atirekasahassaṃ. <span class="bld">Sūrā</span>ti abhīrukajātikā. <span class="bld">Vīraṅgarūpā</span>ti devaputtasadisakāyā. Evaṃ tāva eke vaṇṇayanti. Ayaṃ panettha sabbhāvo. <span class="bld">Vīrā</span>ti uttamasūrā vuccanti, vīrānaṃ aṅgaṃ vīraṅgaṃ, vīrakāraṇaṃ vīriyanti vuttaṃ hoti. Vīraṅgarūpaṃ etesanti <span class="bld">vīraṅgarūpā,</span> vīriyamayasarīrā viyāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Parasenappamaddanā</span>ti sace paṭimukhaṃ tiṭṭheyya parasenā taṃ parimaddituṃ samatthāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Dhammenā</span>ti ‘‘pāṇo na hantabbo’’tiādinā pañcasīladhammena<a name="V1.0203"></a>. <span class="bld">Arahaṃ hoti sammāsambuddho loke vivaṭṭacchado</span>ti ettha rāgadosamohamānadiṭṭhiavijjāduccaritachadanehi <a name="P1.0251"></a> sattahi paṭicchanne kilesandhakāre loke taṃ chadanaṃ vivaṭṭetvā samantato sañjātāloko hutvā ṭhitoti vivaṭṭacchado. Tattha paṭhamena padena pūjārahatā. Dutiyena tassā hetu, yasmā sammāsambuddhoti, tatiyena buddhattahetubhūtā vivaṭṭacchadatā vuttāti veditabbā. Atha vā vivaṭṭo ca vicchado cāti vivaṭṭacchado, vaṭṭarahito chadanarahito cāti vuttaṃ hoti. Tena arahaṃ vaṭṭābhāvena, sammāsambuddho chadanābhāvenāti evaṃ purimapadadvayasseva hetudvayaṃ vuttaṃ hoti, dutiyena vesārajjena cettha purimasiddhi, paṭhamena dutiyasiddhi, tatiyacatutthehi tatiyasiddhi hoti. Purimañca dhammacakkhuṃ, dutiyaṃ buddhacakkhuṃ, tatiyaṃ samantacakkhuṃ sādhetīti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Tvaṃ mantānaṃ paṭiggahetā</span>ti iminā’ssa mantesu sūrabhāvaṃ janeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para259"></a><a name="para259_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">259</span>. Sopi <a name="M1.0224"></a> tāya ācariyakathāya lakkhaṇesu vigatasammoho ekobhāsajāte viya buddhamante sampassamāno <span class="bld">evaṃ bho</span>ti āha. Tassattho – ‘yathā, bho, tvaṃ vadasi, evaṃ karissāmī’ti. <span class="bld">Vaḷavārathamāruyhā</span>ti vaḷavāyuttaṃ rathaṃ abhirūhitvā. Brāhmaṇo kira yena rathena sayaṃ vicarati, tameva rathaṃ datvā māṇavaṃ pesesi. Māṇavāpi pokkharasātisseva antevāsikā. So kira tesaṃ – ‘‘ambaṭṭhena saddhiṃ gacchathā’’ti saññaṃ adāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yāvatikā yānassa bhūmī</span>ti yattakaṃ sakkā hoti yānena gantuṃ, ayaṃ yānassa bhūmi nāma. <span class="bld">Yānā paccorohitvā</span>ti ayānabhūmiṃ, dvārakoṭṭhakasamīpaṃ gantvā yānato paṭiorohitvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tena kho pana samayenā</span>ti yasmiṃ samaye ambaṭṭho ārāmaṃ pāvisi. Tasmiṃ pana samaye, ṭhitamajjhanhikasamaye. Kasmā pana tasmiṃ samaye caṅkamantīti? Paṇītabhojanapaccayassa thinamiddhassa vinodanatthaṃ, divāpadhānikā vā te. Tādisānañhi pacchābhattaṃ caṅkamitvā nhāyitvā <a name="P1.0252"></a> sarīraṃ utuṃ gāhāpetvā nisajja samaṇadhammaṃ karontānaṃ cittaṃ ekaggaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Yena te bhikkhū</span>ti so kira – ‘‘kuhiṃ samaṇo gotamo’’ti pariveṇato pariveṇaṃ anāgantvā ‘‘pucchitvāva pavisissāmī’’ti vilokento araññahatthī viya mahācaṅkame caṅkamamāne paṃsukūlike bhikkhū disvā tesaṃ santikaṃ agamāsi. Taṃ sandhāya <span class="bld">yena te bhikkhū</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Dassanāyā</span>ti daṭṭhuṃ, passitukāmā hutvāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para260"></a><a name="para260_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">260</span>. <span class="bld">Abhiññātakolañño</span>ti pākaṭakulajo. Tadā kira jambudīpe ambaṭṭhakulaṃ nāma pākaṭakulamahosi<a name="V1.0204"></a>. <span class="bld">Abhiññātassā</span>ti rūpajātimantakulāpadesehi pākaṭassa. <span class="bld">Agarū</span>ti abhāriko. Yo hi ambaṭṭhaṃ ñāpetuṃ na sakkuṇeyya, tassa tena saddhiṃ kathāsallāpo garu bhaveyya. Bhagavato pana tādisānaṃ māṇavānaṃ satenāpi sahassenāpi <a name="M1.0225"></a> pañhaṃ puṭṭhassa vissajjane dandhāyitattaṃ natthīti maññamānā – ‘‘agaru kho panā’’ti cintayiṃsu. <span class="bld">Vihāro</span>ti gandhakuṭiṃ sandhāya āhaṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ataramāno</span>ti aturito, saṇikaṃ padappamāṇaṭṭhāne padaṃ nikkhipanto vattaṃ katvā susammaṭṭhaṃ muttādalasinduvārasantharasadisaṃ vālikaṃ avināsentoti attho. <span class="bld">Āḷinda</span>nti pamukhaṃ. <span class="bld">Ukkāsitvā</span>ti ukkāsitasaddaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Aggaḷa</span>nti dvārakavāṭaṃ. <span class="bld">Ākoṭehī</span>ti agganakhehi saṇikaṃ kuñcikacchiddasamīpe ākoṭehīti vuttaṃ hoti. Dvāraṃ kira atiupari amanussā, atiheṭṭhā dīghajātikā koṭenti. Tathā anākoṭetvā majjhe chiddasamīpe koṭetabbanti idaṃ dvārākoṭanavattanti dīpentā vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para261"></a><a name="para261_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">261</span>. <span class="bld">Vivari bhagavā dvāra</span>nti na bhagavā uṭṭhāya dvāraṃ vivari. Vivariyatūti pana hatthaṃ pasāresi. Tato ‘‘bhagavā tumhehi <a name="P1.0253"></a> anekāsu kappakoṭīsu dānaṃ dadamānehi na sahatthā dvāravivaraṇakammaṃ kata’’nti sayameva dvāraṃ vivaṭaṃ. Taṃ pana yasmā bhagavato manena vivaṭaṃ, tasmā vivari bhagavā dvāranti vattuṃ vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodiṃsū</span>ti yathā khamanīyādīni pucchanto bhagavā tehi, evaṃ tepi bhagavatā saddhiṃ samappavattamodā ahesuṃ. Sītodakaṃ viya uṇhodakena sammoditaṃ ekībhāvaṃ agamaṃsu. Yāya ca ‘‘kacci, bho gotama, khamanīyaṃ; kacci yāpanīyaṃ, kacci bhoto ca gotamassa sāvakānañca appābādhaṃ, appātaṅkaṃ, lahuṭṭhānaṃ, balaṃ, phāsuvihāro’’tiādikāya kathāya sammodiṃsu, taṃ pītipāmojjasaṅkhātasammodajananato sammodituṃ yuttabhāvato ca sammodanīyaṃ, atthabyañjanamadhuratāya sucirampi kālaṃ sāretuṃ nirantaraṃ pavattetuṃ arahabhāvato saritabbabhāvato ca sāraṇīyaṃ. Suyyamānasukhato sammodanīyaṃ, anussariyamānasukhato ca sāraṇīyaṃ. Tathā byañjanaparisuddhatāya sammodanīyaṃ, atthaparisuddhatāya sāraṇīyaṃ. Evaṃ anekehi pariyāyehi sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā pariyosāpetvā niṭṭhapetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ambaṭṭho</span> <a name="M1.0226"></a> <span class="bld">pana māṇavo</span>ti so kira bhagavato rūpasampattiyaṃ cittappasādamattampi akatvā ‘‘dasabalaṃ <a name="V1.0205"></a> apasādessāmī’’ti udare baddhasāṭakaṃ muñcitvā kaṇṭhe olambetvā ekena hatthena dussakaṇṇaṃ gahetvā caṅkamaṃ abhirūhitvā kālena bāhuṃ, kālena udaraṃ, kālena piṭṭhiṃ dassento, kālena hatthavikāraṃ, kālena bhamukavikāraṃ karonto, ‘‘kacci te bho, gotama, dhātusamatā, kacci bhikkhāhārena na kilamatha, akilamathākāroyeva pana te paññāyati; thūlāni hi te aṅgapaccaṅgāni, pāsādikattha gatagataṭṭhāne. ‘te bahujanā rājapabbajitoti ca buddho’ti ca uppannabahumānā paṇītaṃ ojavantamāhāraṃ denti. Passatha, bho, gehaṃ, cittasālā viya, dibbapāsādo viya. Imaṃ mañcaṃ passatha, bimbohanaṃ passatha, kiṃ evarūpe ṭhāne vasantassa samaṇadhammaṃ kātuṃ dukkara’’nti evarūpaṃ uppaṇḍanakathaṃ anācārabhāvasāraṇīyaṃ katheti, tena <a name="P1.0254"></a> vuttaṃ – ‘‘ambaṭṭho pana māṇavo caṅkamantopi nisinnena bhagavatā kiñci kiñci kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāreti, ṭhitopi nisinnena bhagavatā kiñci kiñci kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para262"></a><a name="para262_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">262</span>. <span class="bld">Atha kho bhagavā</span>ti atha bhagavā – ‘‘ayaṃ māṇavo hatthaṃ pasāretvā bhavaggaṃ gahetukāmo viya, pādaṃ pasāretvā avīciṃ vicaritukāmo viya, mahāsamuddaṃ taritukāmo viya, sineruṃ ārohitukāmo viya ca aṭṭhāne vāyamati, handa, tena saddhiṃ mantemī’’ti ambaṭṭhaṃ māṇavaṃ etadavoca. <span class="bld">Ācariyapācariyehī</span>ti ācariyehi ca tesaṃ ācariyehi ca.</p>
<p class="subhead">Paṭhamaibbhavādavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para263"></a><a name="para263_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">263</span>. <span class="bld">Gacchanto vā</span>ti ettha kāmaṃ tīsu iriyāpathesu brāhmaṇo ācariyabrāhmaṇena saddhiṃ sallapitumarahati. Ayaṃ pana māṇavo mānathaddhatāya kathāsallāpaṃ karonto cattāropi iriyāpathe yojessāmīti ‘‘sayāno vā hi, bho gotama, sayānenā’’ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tato <a name="M1.0227"></a> kira taṃ bhagavā – ‘‘ambaṭṭha, gacchantassa vā gacchantena, ṭhitassa vā ṭhitena, nisinnassa vā nisinnenācariyena saddhiṃ kathā nāma sabbācariyesu labbhati. Tvaṃ pana sayāno sayānenācariyena saddhiṃ kathesi, kiṃ te ācariyo gorūpaṃ, udāhu tva’’nti āha. So kujjhitvā – ‘‘ye ca kho te, bho gotama, muṇḍakā’’tiādimāha. Tattha muṇḍe muṇḍāti samaṇe ca samaṇāti vattuṃ vaṭṭeyya. Ayaṃ pana hīḷento muṇḍakā samaṇakāti āha. <span class="bld">Ibbhā</span>ti gahapatikā. <span class="bld">Kaṇhā</span>ti kaṇhā, kāḷakāti attho. <span class="bld">Bandhupādāpaccā</span>ti ettha bandhūti brahmā adhippeto. Tañhi brāhmaṇā pitāmahoti voharanti. Pādānaṃ apaccā pādāpaccā, brahmuno piṭṭhipādato <a name="V1.0206"></a> jātāti adhippāyo. Tassa kira ayaṃ laddhi – brāhmaṇā brahmuno mukhato nikkhantā, khattiyā urato, vessā nābhito, suddā jāṇuto, samaṇā piṭṭhipādatoti. Evaṃ kathento ca panesa kiñcāpi aniyametvā katheti. Atha kho bhagavantameva vadāmīti katheti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha kho bhagavā – ‘‘ayaṃ ambaṭṭho āgatakālato paṭṭhāya mayā saddhiṃ kathayamāno mānameva nissāya kathesi, āsīvisaṃ <a name="P1.0255"></a> gīvāyaṃ gaṇhanto viya, aggikkhandhaṃ āliṅganto viya, mattavāraṇaṃ soṇḍāya parāmasanto viya, attano pamāṇaṃ na jānāti. Handa naṃ jānāpessāmī’’ti cintetvā ‘‘atthikavato kho pana te, ambaṭṭhā’’tiādimāha. Tattha āgantvā kattabbakiccasaṅkhāto attho, etassa atthīti atthikaṃ, tassa māṇavassa cittaṃ. Atthikamassa atthīti atthikavā, tassa atthikavato tava idhāgamanaṃ ahosīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kho panā</span>ti nipātamattaṃ. <span class="bld">Yāyeva kho panatthāyā</span>ti yeneva kho panatthena. <span class="bld">Āgaccheyyāthā</span>ti mama vā aññesaṃ vā santikaṃ yadā kadāci āgaccheyyātha. <span class="bld">Tameva attha</span>nti idaṃ purisaliṅgavaseneva vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Manasi kareyyāthā</span>ti citte kareyyātha. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – tvaṃ ācariyena attano karaṇīyena pesito, na amhākaṃ paribhavanatthāya, tasmā tameva kiccaṃ manasi karohīti. Evamassa aññesaṃ santikaṃ āgatānaṃ vattaṃ dassetvā mānaniggaṇhanatthaṃ ‘‘avusitavāyeva kho panā’’tiādimāha. Tassattho passatha bho ayaṃ ambaṭṭho māṇavo ācariyakule avusitavā <a name="M1.0228"></a> asikkhito appassutova samāno. <span class="bld">Vusitamānī</span>ti ‘‘ahaṃ vusitavā sikkhito bahussuto’’ti attānaṃ maññati. Etassa hi evaṃ pharusavacanasamudācāre kāraṇaṃ kimaññatra avusitattāti ācariyakule asaṃvuddhā asikkhitā appassutāyeva hi evaṃ vadantīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para264"></a><a name="para264_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">264</span>. <span class="bld">Kupito</span>ti kuddho. <span class="bld">Anattamano</span>ti asakamano, kiṃ pana bhagavā tassa kujjhanabhāvaṃ ñatvā evamāha udāhu añatvāti? Ñatvā āhāti. Kasmā ñatvā āhāti? Tassa mānanimmadanatthaṃ. Bhagavā hi aññāsi – ‘‘ayaṃ mayā evaṃ vutte kujjhitvā mama ñātake akkosissati. Athassāhaṃ yathā nāma kusalo bhisakko dosaṃ uggiletvā nīharati, evameva gottena gottaṃ, kulāpadesena kulāpadesaṃ<a name="P1.0256"></a>, uṭṭhāpetvā bhavaggappamāṇena viya uṭṭhitaṃ mānaddhajaṃ mūle chetvā nipātessāmī’’ti. <span class="bld">Khuṃsento</span>ti ghaṭṭento. <span class="bld">Vambhento</span>ti hīḷento. <span class="bld">Pāpito bhavissatī</span>ti caṇḍabhāvādidosaṃ pāpito bhavissati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Caṇḍā</span>ti <a name="V1.0207"></a> mānanissitakodhayuttā. <span class="bld">Pharusā</span>ti kharā. <span class="bld">Lahusā</span>ti lahukā. Appakeneva tussanti vā dussanti vā udakapiṭṭhe alābukaṭāhaṃ viya appakeneva uplavanti. <span class="bld">Bhassā</span>ti bahubhāṇino. Sakyānaṃ mukhe vivaṭe aññassa vacanokāso natthīti adhippāyeneva vadati. <span class="bld">Samānā</span>ti idaṃ santāti purimapadassa vevacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Na sakkarontī</span>ti na brāhmaṇānaṃ sundarenākārena karonti. <span class="bld">Na garuṃ karontī</span>ti brāhmaṇesu gāravaṃ na karonti. <span class="bld">Na mānentī</span>ti na manena piyāyanti. <span class="bld">Na pūjentī</span>ti mālādīhi nesaṃ pūjaṃ na karonti. <span class="bld">Na apacāyantī</span>ti abhivādanādīhi nesaṃ apacitikammaṃ nīcavuttiṃ na dassenti <span class="bld">tayida</span>nti taṃ idaṃ. <span class="bld">Yadime sakyā</span>ti yaṃ ime sakyā na brāhmaṇe sakkaronti…pe… na apacāyanti, taṃ tesaṃ asakkārakaraṇādi sabbaṃ na yuttaṃ, nānulomanti attho.</p>
<p class="subhead">Dutiyaibbhavādavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para265"></a><a name="para265_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">265</span>. <span class="bld">Aparaddhu</span>nti aparajjhiṃsu. <span class="bld">Ekamidāha</span>nti ettha idanti nipātamattaṃ. Ekaṃ ahanti attho. <span class="bld">Sandhāgāra</span>nti rajjaanusāsanasālā. <span class="bld">Sakyā</span>ti abhisittarājāno<a name="M1.0229"></a>. <span class="bld">Sakyakumārā</span>ti anabhisittā. <span class="bld">Uccesū</span>ti yathānurūpesu pallaṅkapīṭhakavettāsanaphalakacittattharaṇādibhedesu. <span class="bld">Sañjagghantā</span>ti uppaṇḍanavasena mahāhasitaṃ hasantā. <span class="bld">Saṃkīḷantā</span>ti hasitamatta karaṇaaṅgulisaṅghaṭṭanapāṇippahāradānādīni karontā. <span class="bld">Mamaññeva maññe</span>ti evamahaṃ maññāmi, mamaññeva anuhasanti, na aññanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kasmā pana te evamakaṃsūti? Te <a name="P1.0257"></a> kira ambaṭṭhassa kulavaṃsaṃ jānanti. Ayañca tasmiṃ samaye yāva pādantā olambetvā nivatthasāṭakassa ekena hatthena dussakaṇṇaṃ gahetvā khandhaṭṭhikaṃ nāmetvā mānamadena matto viya āgacchati. Tato – ‘‘passatha bho amhākaṃ dāsassa kaṇhāyanagottassa ambaṭṭhassa āgamanakāraṇa’’nti vadantā evamakaṃsu. Sopi attano kulavaṃsaṃ jānāti. Tasmā ‘‘mamaññeva maññe’’ti takkayittha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āsanenā</span>ti ‘‘idamāsanaṃ, ettha nisīdāhī’’ti evaṃ āsanena nimantanaṃ nāma hoti, tathā na koci akāsi.</p>
<p class="subhead">Tatiyaibbhavādavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para266"></a><a name="para266_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">266</span>. <span class="bld">Laṭukikā</span>ti <a name="V1.0208"></a> khettaleḍḍūnaṃ antarenivāsinī khuddakasakuṇikā. <span class="bld">Kulāvake</span>ti nivāsanaṭṭhāne. <span class="bld">Kāmalāpinī</span>ti yadicchakabhāṇinī, yaṃ yaṃ icchati taṃ taṃ lapati, na taṃ koci haṃso vā koñco vā moro vā āgantvā ‘‘kiṃ tvaṃ lapasī’ti nisedheti. <span class="bld">Abhisajjitu</span>nti kodhavasena laggituṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ vutte māṇavo – ‘‘ayaṃ samaṇo gotamo attano ñātake laṭukikasadise katvā amhe haṃsakoñcamorasadise karoti, nimmāno dāni jāto’’ti maññamāno uttari cattāro vaṇṇe dasseti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Dāsiputtavādavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para267"></a><a name="para267_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">267</span>. <span class="bld">Nimmādetī</span>ti nimmadeti nimmāne karoti. <span class="bld">Yaṃnūnāha</span>nti yadi panāhaṃ. ‘‘Kaṇhāyanohamasmi, bho gotamā’’ti idaṃ kira vacanaṃ ambaṭṭho tikkhattuṃ <a name="M1.0230"></a> mahāsaddena avoca. Kasmā avoca? Kiṃ asuddhabhāvaṃ na jānātīti? Āma jānāti. Jānantopi bhavapaṭicchannametaṃ kāraṇaṃ, taṃ anena na diṭṭhaṃ. Apassanto mahāsamaṇo kiṃ vakkhatīti maññamāno mānathaddhatāya avoca. <span class="bld">Mātāpettika</span>nti mātāpitūnaṃ santakaṃ. <span class="bld">Nāmagotta</span>nti paṇṇattivasena nāmaṃ, paveṇīvasena gottaṃ. <span class="bld">Anussarato</span>ti anussarantassa kulakoṭiṃ sodhentassa. <span class="bld">Ayyaputtā</span>ti sāmino puttā. <span class="bld">Dāsiputto</span>ti gharadāsiyāva putto. Tasmā yathā dāsena sāmino upasaṅkamitabbā, evaṃ anupasaṅkamantaṃ <a name="P1.0258"></a> taṃ disvā sakyā anujagghiṃsūti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ito paraṃ tassa dāsabhāvaṃ sakyānañca sāmibhāvaṃ pakāsetvā attano ca ambaṭṭhassa ca kulavaṃsaṃ āharanto sakyā kho panātiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">dahantī</span>ti ṭhapenti, okkāko no pubbapurisoti, evaṃ karontīti attho. Tassa kira rañño kathanakāle ukkā viya mukhato pabhā niccharati, tasmā taṃ ‘‘okkāko’’ti sañjāniṃsūti. <span class="bld">Pabbājesī</span>ti nīhari.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni te nāmavasena dassento – ‘‘okkāmukha’’ntiādimāha. Tatrāyaṃ anupubbī kathā – paṭhamakappikānaṃ kira rañño mahāsammatassa rojo nāma putto ahosi. Rojassa vararojo, vararojassa kalyāṇo, kalyāṇassa varakalyāṇo, varakalyāṇassa mandhātā, mandhātussa varamandhātā<a name="V1.0209"></a>, varamandhātussa uposatho, uposathassa varo, varassa upavaro, upavarassa maghadevo, maghadevassa paramparāya caturāsītikhattiyasahassāni ahesuṃ. Tesaṃ pacchato tayo okkākavaṃsā ahesuṃ. Tesu tatiyaokkākassa pañca mahesiyo ahesuṃ – hatthā, cittā, jantu, jālinī, visākhāti. Ekekissā pañcapañcaitthisataparivārā. Sabbajeṭṭhāya cattāro puttā – okkāmukho, karakaṇḍu, hatthiniko, sinisūroti. Pañca dhītaro – piyā, suppiyā, ānandā, vijitā, vijitasenāti. Iti sā nava putte vijāyitvā kālamakāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha rājā aññaṃ dahariṃ abhirūpaṃ rājadhītaraṃ ānetvā aggamahesiṭṭhāne ṭhapesi. Sā jantuṃ nāma puttaṃ vijāyi. Atha naṃ pañcamadivase alaṅkaritvā <a name="M1.0231"></a> rañño dassesi. Rājā tuṭṭho tassā varaṃ adāsi. Sā ñātakehi saddhiṃ mantetvā puttassa rajjaṃ yāci. Rājā – ‘‘nassa, vasali, mama puttānaṃ antarāyaṃ icchasī’’ti tajjesi. Sā punappunaṃ raho rājānaṃ paritosetvā – ‘‘mahārāja, musāvādo nāma na vaṭṭatī’’tiādīni vatvā yācatiyeva. Atha rājā putte āmantesi – ‘‘ahaṃ tātā, tumhākaṃ kaniṭṭhaṃ jantukumāraṃ disvā tassa mātuyā sahasā varaṃ adāsiṃ<a name="P1.0259"></a>, sā puttassa rajjaṃ pariṇāmetuṃ icchati. Tumhe ṭhapetvā maṅgalahatthiṃ maṅgalaassaṃ maṅgalarathañca yattake icchatha, tattake hatthiassarathe gahetvā gacchatha. Mamaccayena āgantvā rajjaṃ kareyyāthā’’ti, aṭṭhahi amaccehi saddhiṃ uyyojesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Te nānappakāraṃ roditvā kanditvā – ‘‘tāta, amhākaṃ dosaṃ khamathā’’ti rājānañceva rājorodhe ca khamāpetvā, ‘‘mayampi bhātūhi saddhiṃ gacchāmā’’ti rājānaṃ āpucchitvā nagarā nikkhantā bhaginiyo ādāya caturaṅginiyā senāya parivutā nagarā nikkhamiṃsu. ‘‘Kumārā pituaccayena āgantvā rajjaṃ kāressanti, gacchāma ne upaṭṭhahāmā’’ti cintetvā bahū manussā anubandhiṃsu. Paṭhamadivase yojanamattā senā ahosi, dutiye dviyojanamattā, tatiye tiyojanamattā. Kumārā mantayiṃsu – ‘‘mahā balakāyo, sace mayaṃ kañci sāmantarājānaṃ madditvā janapadaṃ gaṇheyyāma, sopi no nappasaheyya. Kiṃ paresaṃ pīḷāya katāya, mahā ayaṃ jambudīpo, araññe nagaraṃ māpessāmā’’ti himavantābhimukhā gantvā nagaravatthuṃ pariyesiṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tasmiñca samaye amhākaṃ bodhisatto brāhmaṇamahāsālakule nibbattitvā kapilabrāhmaṇo nāma hutvā nikkhamma isipabbajjaṃ pabbajitvā himavantapasse pokkharaṇiyā tīre sākavanasaṇḍe paṇṇasālaṃ māpetvā vasati. So kira bhummajālaṃ nāma vijjaṃ jānāti, yāya uddhaṃ asītihatthe ākāse, heṭṭhā ca bhūmiyampi guṇadosaṃ passati. Etasmiṃ padese tiṇagumbalatā <a name="V1.0210"></a> dakkhiṇāvaṭṭā pācīnābhimukhā jāyanti. Sīhabyagghādayo migasūkare sappabiḷārā ca maṇḍūkamūsike anubandhamānā taṃ padesaṃ patvā na sakkonti te anubandhituṃ. Tehi te aññadatthu <a name="M1.0232"></a> santajjitā nivattantiyeva. So – ‘‘ayaṃ pathaviyā aggapadeso’’ti ñatvā tattha attano paṇṇasālaṃ māpesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha te kumāre nagaravatthuṃ pariyesamāne attano vasanokāsaṃ <a name="P1.0260"></a> āgate disvā pucchitvā taṃ pavattiṃ ñatvā tesu anukampaṃ janetvā avoca – ‘‘imasmiṃ paṇṇasālaṭṭhāne māpitaṃ nagaraṃ jambudīpe agganagaraṃ bhavissati. Ettha jātapurisesu ekeko purisasatampi purisasahassampi abhibhavituṃ sakkhissati. Ettha nagaraṃ māpetha, paṇṇasālaṭṭhāne rañño gharaṃ karotha. Imasmiñhi okāse ṭhatvā caṇḍālaputtopi cakkavattibalena atiseyyo’’ti. Nanu, bhante, ayyassa vasanokāsoti? ‘‘Mama vasanokāso’’ti mā cintayittha. Mayhaṃ ekapasse paṇṇasālaṃ katvā nagaraṃ māpetvā <span class="bld">kapilavatthu</span>nti nāmaṃ karothā’’ti. Te tathā katvā tattha nivāsaṃ kappesuṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Athāmaccā – ‘‘ime dārakā vayappattā, sace nesaṃ pitā santike bhaveyya, so āvāhavivāhaṃ kareyya. Idāni pana amhākaṃ bhāro’’ti cintetvā kumārehi saddhiṃ mantayiṃsu. Kumārā amhākaṃ sadisā khattiyadhītaro nāma na passāma, nāpi bhaginīnaṃ sadise khattiyakumārake, asadisasaṃyoge ca no uppannā puttā mātito vā pitito vā aparisuddhā jātisambhedaṃ pāpuṇissanti. Tasmā mayaṃ bhaginīhiyeva saddhiṃ saṃvāsaṃ rocemāti. Te jātisambhedabhayena jeṭṭhakabhaginiṃ mātuṭṭhāne ṭhapetvā avasesāhi saṃvāsaṃ kappesuṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tesaṃ puttehi ca dhītāhi ca vaḍḍhamānānaṃ aparena samayena jeṭṭhakabhaginiyā kuṭṭharogo udapādi, koviḷārapupphasadisāni gattāni ahesuṃ. Rājakumārā imāya saddhiṃ ekato nisajjaṭṭhānabhojanādīni karontānampi upari ayaṃ rogo saṅkamatīti cintetvā ekadivasaṃ uyyānakīḷaṃ gacchantā viya taṃ yāne āropetvā araññaṃ pavisitvā bhūmiyaṃ pokkharaṇiṃ khaṇāpetvā tattha khādanīyabhojanīyena saddhiṃ taṃ pakkhipitvā gharasaṅkhepena upari padaraṃ paṭicchādetvā paṃsuṃ datvā pakkamiṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tena <a name="M1.0233"></a> ca samayena rāmo nāma bārāṇasirājā kuṭṭharogo nāṭakitthīhi ca orodhehi ca jigucchiyamāno tena saṃvegena jeṭṭhaputtassa rajjaṃ datvā araññaṃ pavisitvā tattha paṇṇasālaṃ māpetvā <a name="P1.0261"></a> mūlaphalāni paribhuñjanto nacirasseva arogo suvaṇṇavaṇṇo hutvā ito cito ca vicaranto <a name="V1.0211"></a> mahantaṃ susirarukkhaṃ disvā tassabbhantare soḷasahatthappamāṇaṃ okāsaṃ sodhetvā dvārañca vātapānañca yojetvā nisseṇiṃ bandhitvā tattha vāsaṃ kappesi. So aṅgārakaṭāhe aggiṃ katvā rattiṃ migasūkarādīnaṃ sadde suṇanto sayati. So – ‘‘asukasmiṃ padese sīho saddamakāsi, asukasmiṃ byaggho’’ti sallakkhetvā pabhāte tattha gantvā vighāsamaṃsaṃ ādāya pacitvā khādati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Athekadivasaṃ tasmiṃ paccūsasamaye aggiṃ jāletvā nisinne rājadhītāya sarīragandhena āgantvā byaggho tasmiṃ padese paṃsuṃ viyūhanto padare vivaramakāsi, tena ca vivarena sā byagghaṃ disvā bhītā vissaramakāsi. So taṃ saddaṃ sutvā – ‘‘itthisaddo eso’’ti ca sallakkhetvā pātova tattha gantvā – ‘‘ko etthā’’ti āha. Mātugāmo sāmīti. Kiṃ jātikāsīti? Okkākamahārājassa dhītā sāmīti. Nikkhamāti? Na sakkā sāmīti. Kiṃ kāraṇāti? Chavirogo me atthīti. So sabbaṃ pavattiṃ pucchitvā khattiyamānena anikkhamantiṃ – ‘‘ahampi khattiyo’’ti attano khattiyabhāvaṃ jānāpetvā nisseṇiṃ datvā uddharitvā attano vasanokāsaṃ netvā sayaṃ paribhuttabhesajjāniyeva datvā nacirasseva arogaṃ suvaṇṇavaṇṇaṃ katvā tāya saddhiṃ saṃvāsaṃ kappesi. Sā paṭhamasaṃvāseneva gabbhaṃ gaṇhitvā dve putte vijāyi, punapi dveti, evaṃ soḷasakkhattumpi vijāyi. Evaṃ dvattiṃsa bhātaro ahesuṃ. Te anupubbena vuḍḍhippatte pitā sabbasippāni sikkhāpesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Athekadivasaṃ eko rāmarañño nagaravāsī vanacarako pabbate ratanāni gavesanto rājānaṃ disvā sañjānitvā āha – ‘‘jānāmahaṃ, deva, tumhe’’ti. Tato naṃ rājā sabbaṃ pavattiṃ pucchi. Tasmiṃyeva ca khaṇe te dārakā āgamiṃsu. So te disvā – ‘‘ke ime’’ti āha. ‘‘Puttā me’’ti ca vutte tesaṃ mātikavaṃsaṃ <a name="P1.0262"></a> pucchitvā – ‘‘laddhaṃ dāni me <a name="M1.0234"></a> pābhata’’nti nagaraṃ gantvā rañño ārocesi. So ‘pitaraṃ ānayissāmī’ti caturaṅginiyā senāya tattha gantvā pitaraṃ vanditvā – ‘‘rajjaṃ, deva, sampaṭicchā’’ti yāci. So – ‘‘alaṃ, tāta, na tattha gacchāmi, idheva me imaṃ rukkhaṃ apanetvā nagaraṃ māpehī’’ti āha. So tathā katvā tassa nagarassa kolarukkhaṃ apanetvā katattā kolanagaranti ca byagghapathe katattā byagghapathanti cāti dve nāmāni āropetvā pitaraṃ vanditvā attano nagaraṃ agamāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tato vayappatte kumāre mātā āha – ‘‘tātā, tumhākaṃ kapilavatthuvāsino sakyā mātulā santi. Mātuladhītānaṃ pana vo evarūpaṃ nāma kesaggahaṇaṃ hoti, evarūpaṃ dussagahaṇaṃ. Yadā <a name="V1.0212"></a> tā nhānatitthaṃ āgacchanti, tadā gantvā yassa yā ruccati, so taṃ gaṇhatū’’ti. Te tatheva gantvā tāsu nhatvā sīsaṃ sukkhāpayamānāsu yaṃ yaṃ icchiṃsu, taṃ taṃ gahetvā nāmaṃ sāvetvā agamiṃsu. Sakyarājāno sutvā ‘‘hotu, bhaṇe, amhākaṃ ñātakā eva te’’ti tuṇhī ahesuṃ. Ayaṃ sakyakoliyānaṃ uppatti. Evaṃ tesaṃ sakyakoliyānaṃ aññamaññaṃ āvāhavivāhaṃ karontānaṃ yāva buddhakālā anupacchinnova vaṃso āgato. Tattha bhagavā sakyavaṃsaṃ dassetuṃ – ‘‘te raṭṭhasmā pabbājitā himavantapasse pokkharaṇiyā tīre’’tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">sammantī</span>ti vasanti. <span class="bld">Sakyā vata bho</span>ti raṭṭhasmā pabbājitā araññe vasantāpi jātisambhedamakatvā kulavaṃsaṃ anurakkhituṃ sakyā, samatthā, paṭibalāti attho. <span class="bld">Tadagge</span>ti taṃ aggaṃ katvā, tato paṭṭhāyāti attho. <span class="bld">So ca nesaṃ pubbapuriso</span>ti so okkāko rājā etesaṃ pubbapuriso. Natthi etesaṃ gahapativaṃsena sambhedamattampīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ sakyavaṃsaṃ pakāsetvā idāni ambaṭṭhavaṃsaṃ pakāsento – ‘‘rañño kho panā’’tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Kaṇhaṃ</span> <a name="P1.0263"></a> <span class="bld">nāma janesī</span>ti kāḷavaṇṇaṃ antokucchiyaṃyeva sañjātadantaṃ parūḷhamassudāṭhikaṃ puttaṃ vijāyi. <span class="bld">Pabyāhāsī</span>ti yakkho jātoti bhayena palāyitvā dvāraṃ pidhāya ṭhitesu gharamānusakesu ito cito ca vicaranto dhovatha mantiādīni vadanto uccāsaddamakāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para268"></a><a name="para268_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">268</span>. <span class="bld">Te</span> <a name="M1.0235"></a> <span class="bld">māṇavakā bhagavantaṃ etadavocu</span>nti attano upārambhamocanatthāya – ‘‘etaṃ mā bhava’’ntiādivacanaṃ avocuṃ. Tesaṃ kira etadahosi – ‘‘ambaṭṭho amhākaṃ ācariyassa jeṭṭhantevāsī, sace mayaṃ evarūpe ṭhāne ekadvevacanamattampi na vakkhāma, ayaṃ no ācariyassa santike amhe paribhindissatī’’ti upārambhamocanatthaṃ evaṃ avocuṃ. Cittena panassa nimmadabhāvaṃ ākaṅkhanti. Ayaṃ kira mānanissitattā tesampi appiyova. <span class="bld">Kalyāṇavākkaraṇo</span>ti madhuravacano. <span class="bld">Asmiṃ vacane</span>ti attanā uggahite vedattayavacane. <span class="bld">Paṭimantetu</span>nti pucchitaṃ pañhaṃ paṭikathetuṃ, vissajjetunti attho. Etasmiṃ vā dāsiputtavacane. <span class="bld">Paṭimantetu</span>nti uttaraṃ kathetuṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para269"></a><a name="para269_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">269</span>. <span class="bld">Atha kho bhagavā</span>ti atha kho bhagavā – ‘‘sace ime māṇavakā ettha nisinnā evaṃ uccāsaddaṃ karissanti, ayaṃ kathā pariyosānaṃ na gamissati. Handa, ne nissadde katvā ambaṭṭheneva saddhiṃ kathemī’’ti te māṇavake etadavoca. Tattha <span class="bld">mantavho</span>ti mantayatha. <span class="bld">Mayā saddhiṃ paṭimantetū</span>ti mayā saha kathetu. Evaṃ vutte māṇavakā cintayiṃsu – ‘‘ambaṭṭho tāva dāsiputtosīti vutte puna sīsaṃ ukkhipituṃ nāsakkhi. Ayaṃ kho jāti nāma dujjānā, sace <a name="V1.0213"></a> aññampi kiñci samaṇo gotamo ‘tvaṃ dāso’ti vakkhati, ko tena saddhiṃ aḍḍaṃ karissati. Ambaṭṭho attanā baddhaṃ puṭakaṃ attanāva mocetū’’ti attānaṃ parimocetvā tasseva upari khipantā – ‘‘sujāto ca bho gotamā’’tiādimāhaṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para270"></a><a name="para270_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">270</span>. <span class="bld">Sahadhammiko</span>ti sahetuko sakāraṇo. <span class="bld">Akāmā byākātabbo</span>ti attanā anicchantenapi byākaritabbo, avassaṃ vissajjetabboti attho. <span class="bld">Aññena</span> <a name="P1.0264"></a> <span class="bld">vā aññaṃ paṭicarissasī</span>ti aññena vacanena aññaṃ vacanaṃ paṭicarissasi ajjhottharissasi, paṭicchādessasīti attho. Yo hi ‘‘kiṃ gotto tva’’nti evaṃ puṭṭho – ‘‘ahaṃ tayo vede jānāmī’’tiādīni vadati, ayaṃ aññena aññaṃ paṭicarati nāma. <span class="bld">Pakkamissasi vā</span>ti pucchitaṃ pañhaṃ jānantova akathetukāmatāya uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkamissasi vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tuṇhī</span> <a name="M1.0236"></a> <span class="bld">ahosī</span>ti samaṇo gotamo maṃ sāmaṃyeva dāsiputtabhāvaṃ kathāpetukāmo, sāmaṃ kathite ca dāso nāma jātoyeva hoti. Ayaṃ pana dvatikkhattuṃ codetvā tuṇhī bhavissati, tato ahaṃ parivattitvā pakkamissāmīti cintetvā tuṇhī ahosi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para271"></a><a name="para271_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">271</span>. Vajiraṃ pāṇimhi assāti <span class="bld">vajirapāṇi. Yakkho</span>ti na yo vā so vā yakkho, sakko devarājāti veditabbo. <span class="bld">Āditta</span>nti aggivaṇṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Sampajjalita</span>nti suṭṭhu pajjalitaṃ. <span class="bld">Sajotibhūta</span>nti samantato jotibhūtaṃ, ekaggijālabhūtanti attho. <span class="bld">Ṭhito hotī</span>ti mahantaṃ sīsaṃ, kandalamakuḷasadisā dāṭhā bhayānakāni akkhināsādīni evaṃ virūparūpaṃ māpetvā ṭhito.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kasmā panesa āgatoti? Diṭṭhivissajjāpanatthaṃ. Api ca – ‘‘ahañceva kho pana dhammaṃ deseyyaṃ, pare ca me na ājāneyyu’’nti evaṃ dhammadesanāya appossukkabhāvaṃ āpanne bhagavati sakko mahābrahmunā saddhiṃ āgantvā – ‘‘bhagavā dhammaṃ desetha, tumhākaṃ āṇāya avattamāne mayaṃ vattāpessāma, tumhākaṃ dhammacakkaṃ hotu, amhākaṃ āṇācakka’’nti paṭiññaṃ akāsi. Tasmā – ‘‘ajja ambaṭṭhaṃ tāsetvā pañhaṃ vissajjāpessāmī’’ti āgato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhagavā ceva passati ambaṭṭho cā</span>ti yadi hi taṃ aññepi passeyyuṃ, taṃ kāraṇaṃ agaru assa, ‘‘ayaṃ samaṇo gotamo ambaṭṭhaṃ attano vāde anotarantaṃ ñatvā yakkhaṃ āvāhetvā dassesi, tato ambaṭṭho bhayena kathesī’’ti vadeyyuṃ. Tasmā bhagavā ceva passati ambaṭṭho ca. Tassa taṃ disvāva sakalasarīrato sedā mucciṃsu. Antokucchi viparivattamānā mahāravaṃ viravi<a name="V1.0214"></a>. So ‘‘aññepi nu kho <a name="P1.0265"></a> passantī’’ti olokento kassaci lomahaṃsamattampi nāddasa. Tato – ‘‘idaṃ bhayaṃ mameva uppannaṃ, sacāhaṃ yakkhoti vakkhāmi, ‘kiṃ tavameva akkhīni atthi, tvameva yakkhaṃ passasi, paṭhamaṃ yakkhaṃ adisvā samaṇena gotamena vādasaṅghaṭṭe pakkhittova yakkhaṃ passasī’ti vadeyyu’’nti cintetvā ‘‘na dāni me <a name="M1.0237"></a> idha aññaṃ paṭisaraṇaṃ atthi, aññatra samaṇā gotamā’’ti maññamāno atha kho ambaṭṭho māṇavo…pe… bhagavantaṃ etadavoca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para272"></a><a name="para272_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">272</span>. <span class="bld">Tāṇaṃ gavesī</span>ti tāṇaṃ gavesamāno. <span class="bld">Leṇaṃ gavesī</span>ti leṇaṃ gavesamāno. <span class="bld">Saraṇaṃ gavesī</span>ti saraṇaṃ gavesamāno. Ettha ca tāyati rakkhatīti <span class="bld">tāṇaṃ.</span> Nilīyanti etthāti leṇaṃ. Saratīti saraṇaṃ, bhayaṃ hiṃsati, viddhaṃsetīti attho. <span class="bld">Upanisīditvā</span>ti upagamma heṭṭhāsane nisīditvā. <span class="bld">Bravitū</span>ti vadatu.</p>
<p class="subhead">Ambaṭṭhavaṃsakathā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para273-274"></a><a name="para273-274_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">273-274</span>. <span class="bld">Dakkhiṇajanapada</span>nti dakkhiṇāpathoti pākaṭaṃ. Gaṅgāya dakkhiṇato pākaṭajanapadaṃ. Tadā kira dakkhiṇāpathe bahū brāhmaṇatāpasā honti, so tattha gantvā ekaṃ tāpasaṃ vattapaṭipattiyā ārādhesi. So tassa upakāraṃ disvā āha – ‘‘ambho, purisa, mantaṃ te demi, yaṃ icchasi, taṃ mantaṃ gaṇhāhī’’ti. So āha – ‘‘na me ācariya, aññena mantena, kiccaṃ atthi, yassānubhāvena āvudhaṃ na parivattati, taṃ me mantaṃ dehī’’ti. So – ‘‘bhadraṃ, bho’’ti tassa dhanuagamanīyaṃ ambaṭṭhaṃ nāma vijjaṃ adāsi, so taṃ vijjaṃ gahetvā tattheva vīmaṃsitvā – ‘‘idāni me manorathaṃ pūressāmī’’ti isivesaṃ gahetvā okkākassa santikaṃ gato. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘dakkhiṇajanapadaṃ gantvā brahmamante adhīyitvā rājānaṃ okkākaṃ upasaṅkamitvā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha <span class="bld">brahmamante</span>ti ānubhāvasampannatāya seṭṭhamante. <span class="bld">Ko nevaṃ’re ayaṃ mayhaṃ dāsiputto</span>ti ko nu evaṃ are ayaṃ mama dāsiputto. <span class="bld">So</span> <a name="P1.0266"></a> <span class="bld">taṃ khurappa</span>nti so rājā taṃ māretukāmatāya sannahitaṃ saraṃ tassa mantānubhāvena neva khipituṃ na apanetuṃ sakkhi, tāvadeva sakalasarīre sañjātasedo bhayena vedhamāno aṭṭhāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Amaccā</span>ti mahāmaccā. <span class="bld">Pārisajjā</span>ti itare parisāvacarā. <span class="bld">Etadavocu</span>nti – ‘‘daṇḍakīrañño <a name="V1.0215"></a> kisavacchatāpase aparaddhassa āvudhavuṭṭhiyā sakalaraṭṭhaṃ vinaṭṭhaṃ<a name="M1.0238"></a>. Nāḷikero pañcasu tāpasasatesu ajjuno ca aṅgīrase aparaddho pathaviṃ bhinditvā nirayaṃ paviṭṭho’’ti cintayantā bhayena etaṃ sotthi, bhaddantetiādivacanaṃ avocuṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sotthi bhavissati rañño</span>ti idaṃ vacanaṃ kaṇho ciraṃ tuṇhī hutvā tato anekappakāraṃ yācīyamāno – ‘‘tumhākaṃ raññā mādisassa isino khurappaṃ sannayhantena bhāriyaṃ kammaṃ kata’’ntiādīni ca vatvā pacchā abhāsi. <span class="bld">Undriyissatī</span>ti bhijjissati, thusamuṭṭhi viya vippakiriyissatīti. Idaṃ so ‘‘janaṃ tāsessāmī’’ti musā bhaṇati. Sarasanthambhanamatteyeva hissa vijjāya ānubhāvo, na aññatra. Ito paresupi vacanesu eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pallomo</span>ti pannalomo. Lomahaṃsanamattampissa na bhavissati. Idaṃ kira so ‘‘sace me rājā taṃ dārikaṃ dassatī’’ti paṭiññaṃ kāretvā avaca. <span class="bld">Kumāre khurappaṃ patiṭṭhapesī</span>ti tena ‘‘saro otaratū’’ti mante parivatti, te kumārassa nābhiyaṃ patiṭṭhapesi. <span class="bld">Dhītaraṃ adāsī</span>ti sīsaṃ dhovitvā adāsaṃ bhujissaṃ katvā dhītaraṃ adāsi, uḷāre ca taṃ ṭhāne ṭhapesi. <span class="bld">Mā kho tumhe māṇavakā</span>ti idaṃ pana bhagavā – ‘‘ekena pakkhena ambaṭṭho sakyānaṃ ñāti hotī’’ti pakāsento tassa samassāsanatthaṃ āha. Tato ambaṭṭho ghaṭasatena abhisitto viya passaddhadaratho hutvā samassāsetvā samaṇo gotamo maṃ ‘‘tosessāmī’’ti ekena pakkhena ñātiṃ karoti, khattiyo kirāhamasmī’’ti cintesi.</p>
<p class="subhead">Khattiyaseṭṭhabhāvavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para275"></a><a name="para275_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">275</span>. Atha <a name="P1.0267"></a> kho bhagavā – ‘‘ayaṃ ambaṭṭho khattiyosmī’’ti saññaṃ karoti, attano akhattiyabhāvaṃ na jānāti, handa naṃ jānāpessāmīti khattiyavaṃsaṃ dassetuṃ uttaridesanaṃ vaḍḍhento – ‘‘taṃ kiṃ maññasi ambaṭṭhā’’tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">idhā</span>ti imasmiṃ loke. <span class="bld">Brāhmaṇesū</span>ti brāhmaṇānaṃ antare. <span class="bld">Āsanaṃ vā udakaṃ vā</span>ti aggāsanaṃ vā aggodakaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Saddhe</span>ti matake uddissa katabhatte. <span class="bld">Thālipāke</span>ti maṅgalādibhatte. <span class="bld">Yaññe</span>ti yaññabhatte. <span class="bld">Pāhune</span>ti pāhunakānaṃ katabhatte paṇṇākārabhatte vā. <span class="bld">Api nussā</span>ti api nu assa khattiyaputtassa. <span class="bld">Āvaṭaṃ vā assa anāvaṭaṃ vā</span>ti<a name="M1.0239"></a>, brāhmaṇakaññāsu nivāraṇaṃ bhaveyya vā no vā, brāhmaṇadārikaṃ labheyya vā na vā labheyyāti attho. <span class="bld">Anupapanno</span>ti khattiyabhāvaṃ apatto, aparisuddhoti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para276"></a><a name="para276_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">276</span>. <span class="bld">Itthiyā</span> <a name="V1.0216"></a> <span class="bld">vā itthiṃ karitvā</span>ti itthiyā vā itthiṃ pariyesitvā. <span class="bld">Kismiñcideva pakaraṇe</span>ti kismiñcideva dose brāhmaṇānaṃ ayutte akattabbakaraṇe. <span class="bld">Bhassapuṭenā</span>ti bhasmapuṭena, sīse chārikaṃ okiritvāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para277"></a><a name="para277_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">277</span>. <span class="bld">Janetasmi</span>nti janitasmiṃ, pajāyāti attho. <span class="bld">Ye gottapaṭisārino</span>ti ye janetasmiṃ gottaṃ paṭisaranti – ‘‘ahaṃ gotamo, ahaṃ kassapo’’ti, tesu loke gottapaṭisārīsu khattiyo seṭṭho. <span class="bld">Anumatā mayā</span>ti mama sabbaññutaññāṇena saddhiṃ saṃsanditvā desitā mayā anuññātā.</p>
<p class="centered">Paṭhamabhāṇavāravaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Vijjācaraṇakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para278"></a><a name="para278_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">278</span>. Imāya pana gāthāya vijjācaraṇasampannoti idaṃ padaṃ sutvā ambaṭṭho cintesi – ‘‘vijjā nāma tayo vedā, caraṇaṃ pañca sīlāni, tayidaṃ amhākaṃyeva atthi, vijjācaraṇasampanno <a name="P1.0268"></a> ce seṭṭho, mayameva seṭṭhā’’ti niṭṭhaṃ gantvā vijjācaraṇaṃ pucchanto – ‘‘katamaṃ pana taṃ, bho gotama, caraṇaṃ, katamā ca pana sā vijjā’’ti āha. Athassa bhagavā taṃ brāhmaṇasamaye siddhaṃ jātivādādipaṭisaṃyuttaṃ vijjācaraṇaṃ paṭikkhipitvā anuttaraṃ vijjācaraṇaṃ dassetukāmo – ‘‘na kho ambaṭṭhā’’tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">jātivādo</span>ti jātiṃ ārabbha vādo, brāhmaṇassevidaṃ vaṭṭati, na suddassātiādi vacananti attho. Esa nayo sabbattha. <span class="bld">Jātivādavinibaddhā</span>ti jātivāde vinibaddhā. Esa nayo sabbattha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tato ambaṭṭho – ‘‘yattha dāni mayaṃ laggissāmāti cintayimha, tato no samaṇo gotamo mahāvāte thusaṃ dhunanto viya dūrameva avakkhipi. Yattha pana mayaṃ na laggāma, tattha no niyojesi. Ayaṃ no vijjācaraṇasampadā ñātuṃ vaṭṭatī’’ti cintetvā puna vijjācaraṇasampadaṃ pucchi. Athassa <a name="M1.0240"></a> bhagavā samudāgamato pabhuti vijjācaraṇaṃ dassetuṃ – ‘‘idha ambaṭṭha tathāgato’’tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para279"></a><a name="para279_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">279</span>. Ettha ca bhagavā caraṇapariyāpannampi tividhaṃ sīlaṃ vibhajanto ‘‘idamassa hoti caraṇasmi’’nti <a name="V1.0217"></a> aniyyātetvā ‘‘idampissa hoti sīlasmi’’nti sīlavaseneva niyyātesi. Kasmā? Tassapi hi kiñci kiñci sīlaṃ atthi, tasmā caraṇavasena niyyātiyamāne ‘‘mayampi caraṇasampannā’’ti tattha tattheva laggeyya. Yaṃ pana tena supinepi na diṭṭhapubbaṃ, tasseva vasena niyyātento paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Idampissa hoti caraṇasmiṃ…pe… catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati, idampissa hoti caraṇasmintiādimāha. Ettāvatā aṭṭhapi samāpattiyo caraṇanti niyyātitā honti, vipassanā ñāṇato pana paṭṭhāya aṭṭhavidhāpi paññā vijjāti niyyātitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Catuapāyamukhakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para280"></a><a name="para280_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">280</span>. <span class="bld">Apāyamukhānī</span>ti vināsamukhāni. <span class="bld">Anabhisambhuṇamāno</span>ti asampāpuṇanto, avisahamāno vā. <span class="bld">Khārividhamādāyā</span>ti <a name="P1.0269"></a> ettha <span class="bld">khārī</span>ti araṇī kamaṇḍalu sujādayo tāpasaparikkhārā. <span class="bld">Vidho</span>ti kājo. Tasmā khāribharitaṃ kājamādāyāti attho. Ye pana khārivividhanti paṭhanti, te <span class="bld">‘‘khārī</span>ti kājassa nāmaṃ, <span class="bld">vividha</span>nti bahukamaṇḍaluādiparikkhāra’’nti vaṇṇayanti. <span class="bld">Pavattaphalabhojano</span>ti patitaphalabhojano. <span class="bld">Paricārako</span>ti kappiyakaraṇapattapaṭiggahaṇapādadhovanādivattakaraṇavasena paricārako. Kāmañca guṇādhikopi khīṇāsavasāmaṇero puthujjanabhikkhuno vuttanayena paricārako hoti, ayaṃ pana na tādiso guṇavasenapi veyyāvaccakaraṇavasenapi lāmakoyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kasmā pana tāpasapabbajjā sāsanassa vināsamukhanti vuttāti? Yasmā gacchantaṃ gacchantaṃ sāsanaṃ tāpasapabbajjāvasena osakkissati. Imasmiñhi sāsane pabbajitvā tisso sikkhā pūretuṃ asakkontaṃ lajjino sikkhākāmā – ‘‘natthi tayā saddhiṃ uposatho vā pavāraṇā vā saṅghakammaṃ vā’’ti jigucchitvā parivajjenti. So ‘‘dukkaraṃ khuradhārūpamaṃ sāsane paṭipattipūraṇaṃ dukkhaṃ, tāpasapabbajjā pana sukarā ceva bahujanasammatā cā’’ti vibbhamitvā tāpaso hoti. Aññe taṃ disvā – ‘‘kiṃ tayā kata’’nti pucchanti. So – ‘‘bhāriyaṃ tumhākaṃ sāsane kammaṃ, idha pana sachandacārino maya’’nti <a name="M1.0241"></a> vadati. Sopi, yadi evaṃ ahampi ettheva pabbajāmīti tassa anusikkhanto tāpaso hoti. Evamaññepi aññepīti kamena tāpasāva bahukā honti. Tesaṃ uppannakāle sāsanaṃ osakkitaṃ nāma bhavissati. Loke evarūpo buddho nāma uppajji, tassa īdisaṃ nāma sāsanaṃ ahosīti sutamattameva bhavissati. Idaṃ sandhāya bhagavā tāpasapabbajjaṃ sāsanassa vināsamukhanti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kudālapiṭaka</span>nti <a name="V1.0218"></a> kandamūlaphalaggahaṇatthaṃ kudālañceva piṭakañca. <span class="bld">Gāmasāmantaṃ vā</span>ti vijjācaraṇasampadādīni anabhisambhuṇanto, kasikammādīhi ca jīvitaṃ nipphādetuṃ dukkhanti maññamāno bahujanakuhāpanatthaṃ <a name="P1.0270"></a> gāmasāmante vā nigamasāmante vā aggisālaṃ katvā sappiteladadhimadhuphāṇitatilataṇḍulādīhi ceva nānādārūhi ca homakaraṇavasena aggiṃ paricaranto acchati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Catudvāraṃ agāraṃ karitvā</span>ti catumukhaṃ pānāgāraṃ katvā tassa dvāre maṇḍapaṃ katvā tattha pānīyaṃ upaṭṭhapetvā āgatāgate pānīyena āpucchati. Yampissa addhikā kilantā pānīyaṃ pivitvā parituṭṭhā bhattapuṭaṃ vā taṇḍulādīni vā denti, taṃ sabbaṃ gahetvā ambilayāguādīni katvā bahutaraṃ āmisagahaṇatthaṃ kesañci annaṃ deti, kesañci bhattapacanabhājanādīni. Tehipi dinnaṃ āmisaṃ vā pubbaṇṇādīni vā gaṇhati, tāni vaḍḍhiyā payojeti. Evaṃ vaḍḍhamānavibhavo gomahiṃsadāsīdāsapariggahaṃ karoti, mahantaṃ kuṭumbaṃ saṇṭhapeti. Imaṃ sandhāyetaṃ vuttaṃ – ‘‘catudvāraṃ agāraṃ karitvā acchatī’’ti. ‘‘Tamahaṃ yathāsatti yathābalaṃ paṭipūjessāmī’’ti idaṃ panassa paṭipattimukhaṃ. Iminā hi mukhena so evaṃ paṭipajjatīti. Ettāvatā ca bhagavatā sabbāpi tāpasapabbajjā niddiṭṭhā honti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ? <span class="bld">Aṭṭhavidhā hi tāpasā</span> – saputtabhariyā, uñchācariyā, anaggipakkikā, asāmapākā, asmamuṭṭhikā, dantavakkalikā, pavattaphalabhojanā, paṇḍupalāsikāti. Tattha ye keṇiyajaṭilo viya kuṭumbaṃ saṇṭhapetvā vasanti, te <span class="bld">saputtabhariyā</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ye <a name="M1.0242"></a> pana ‘‘saputtadārabhāvo nāma pabbajitassa ayutto’’ti lāyanamaddanaṭṭhānesu vīhimuggamāsatilādīni saṅkaḍḍhitvā pacitvā paribhuñjanti, te <span class="bld">uñchācariyā</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ye ‘‘khalena khalaṃ vicaritvā vīhiṃ āharitvā koṭṭetvā paribhuñjanaṃ nāma ayutta’’nti gāmanigamesu taṇḍulabhikkhaṃ gahetvā pacitvā paribhuñjanti, te <span class="bld">anaggipakkikā</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ye pana ‘‘kiṃ pabbajitassa sāmapākenā’’ti gāmaṃ pavisitvā pakkabhikkhameva gaṇhanti<a name="P1.0271"></a>, te <span class="bld">asāmapākā</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ye <a name="V1.0219"></a> ‘‘divase divase bhikkhāpariyeṭṭhi nāma dukkhā pabbajitassā’’ti muṭṭhipāsāṇena ambāṭakādīnaṃ rukkhānaṃ tacaṃ koṭṭetvā khādanti, te <span class="bld">asmamuṭṭhikā</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ye pana ‘‘pāsāṇena tacaṃ koṭṭetvā vicaraṇaṃ nāma dukkha’’nti danteheva ubbāṭetvā khādanti, te <span class="bld">dantavakkalikā</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ye ‘‘dantehi ubbāṭetvā khādanaṃ nāma dukkhaṃ pabbajitassā’’ti leḍḍudaṇḍādīhi paharitvā patitāni phalāni paribhuñjanti, te <span class="bld">pavattaphalabhojanā</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ye pana ‘‘leḍḍudaṇḍādīhi pātetvā paribhogo nāma asāruppo pabbajitassā’’ti sayaṃ patitāneva pupphaphalapaṇḍupalāsādīni khādantā yāpenti, te <span class="bld">paṇḍupalāsikā</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Te tividhā – ukkaṭṭhamajjhimamudukavasena. Tattha ye nisinnaṭṭhānato anuṭṭhāya hatthena pāpuṇanaṭṭhāneva patitaṃ gahetvā khādanti, te ukkaṭṭhā. Ye ekarukkhato aññaṃ rukkhaṃ na gacchanti, te majjhimā. Ye taṃ taṃ rukkhamūlaṃ gantvā pariyesitvā khādanti, te mudukā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Imā pana aṭṭhapi tāpasapabbajjā imāhi catūhiyeva saṅgahaṃ gacchanti. Kathaṃ? Etāsu hi saputtabhariyā ca uñchācariyā ca agāraṃ bhajanti. Anaggipakkikā ca asāmapākā ca agyāgāraṃ bhajanti. Asmamuṭṭhikā ca dantavakkalikā ca kandamūlaphalabhojanaṃ bhajanti. Pavattaphalabhojanā ca paṇḍupalāsikā ca pavattaphalabhojanaṃ bhajanti. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘ettāvatā ca bhagavatā sabbāpi tāpasapabbajjā niddiṭṭhā hontī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para281-282"></a><a name="para281-282_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">281-282</span>. Idāni <a name="M1.0243"></a> bhagavā sācariyakassa ambaṭṭhassa vijjācaraṇasampadāya apāyamukhampi appattabhāvaṃ dassetuṃ taṃ kiṃ maññasi ambaṭṭhātiādimāha. Taṃ uttānatthameva. <span class="bld">Attanā āpāyikopi aparipūramāno</span>ti attanā vijjācaraṇasampadāya āpāyikenāpi aparipūramānena.</p>
<p class="subhead">Pubbakaisibhāvānuyogavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para283"></a><a name="para283_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">283</span>. <span class="bld">Dattika</span>nti dinnakaṃ. <span class="bld">Sammukhībhāvampi na dadātī</span>ti kasmā na dadāti? So kira sammukhā <a name="V1.0220"></a> āvaṭṭaniṃ nāma vijjaṃ <a name="P1.0272"></a> jānāti. Yadā rājā mahārahena alaṅkārena alaṅkato hoti, tadā rañño samīpe ṭhatvā tassa alaṅkārassa nāmaṃ gaṇhati. Tassa rājā nāme gahite na demīti vattuṃ na sakkoti. Datvā puna chaṇadivase alaṅkāraṃ āharathāti vatvā, natthi, deva, tumhehi brāhmaṇassa dinnoti vutto, ‘‘kasmā me dinno’’ti pucchi. Te amaccā ‘so brāhmaṇo sammukhā āvaṭṭanimāyaṃ jānāti. Tāya tumhe āvaṭṭetvā gahetvā gacchatī’ti āhaṃsu. Apare raññā saha tassa atisahāyabhāvaṃ asahantā āhaṃsu – ‘‘deva, etassa brāhmaṇassa sarīre saṅkhaphalitakuṭṭhaṃ nāma atthi. Tumhe etaṃ disvāva āliṅgatha parāmasatha, idañca kuṭṭhaṃ nāma kāyasaṃsaggavasena anugacchati, mā evaṃ karothā’’ti. Tato paṭṭhāya tassa rājā sammukhībhāvaṃ na deti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā pana so brāhmaṇo paṇḍito khattavijjāya kusalo, tena saha mantetvā katakammaṃ nāma na virujjhati, tasmā sāṇipākārassa anto ṭhatvā bahi ṭhitena tena saddhiṃ manteti. Taṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ ‘‘tiro dussantena mantetī’’ti. Tattha <span class="bld">tirodussantenā</span>ti tirodussena. Ayameva vā pāṭho. <span class="bld">Dhammika</span>nti anavajjaṃ. <span class="bld">Payāta</span>nti abhiharitvā dinnaṃ. <span class="bld">Kathaṃ tassa rājā</span>ti yassa rañño brāhmaṇo īdisaṃ bhikkhaṃ paṭiggaṇheyya, kathaṃ tassa brāhmaṇassa so rājā sammukhībhāvampi na dadeyya. Ayaṃ pana adinnakaṃ māyāya gaṇhati, tenassa sammukhībhāvaṃ rājā na detīti niṭṭhamettha gantabbanti ayamettha adhippāyo. ‘‘Idaṃ pana kāraṇaṃ ṭhapetvā rājānañceva brāhmaṇañca na añño koci jānāti. Tadetaṃ evaṃ rahassampi paṭicchannampi addhā sabbaññū samaṇo gotamoti niṭṭhaṃ gamissatī’’ti bhagavā pakāsesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para284"></a><a name="para284_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">284</span>. Idāni <a name="M1.0244"></a> ayañca ambaṭṭho, ācariyo cassa mante nissāya atimānino. Tena tesaṃ mantanissitamānanimmadanatthaṃ uttari desanaṃ vaḍḍhento taṃ kiṃ maññasi, ambaṭṭha, idha rājātiādimāha. Tattha <a name="P1.0273"></a> <span class="bld">rathūpatthare</span>ti rathamhi rañño ṭhānatthaṃ attharitvā sajjitapadese. <span class="bld">Uggehi vā</span>ti uggatuggatehi vā amaccehi. <span class="bld">Rājaññehī</span>ti anabhisittakumārehi. <span class="bld">Kiñcideva mantana</span>nti asukasmiṃ dese taḷākaṃ vā mātikaṃ vā kātuṃ vaṭṭati, asukasmiṃ gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā nagaraṃ vā nivesetunti evarūpaṃ pākaṭamantanaṃ. <span class="bld">Tadeva mantana</span>nti yaṃ raññā mantitaṃ tadeva. Tādisehiyeva sīsukkhepabhamukkhepādīhi ākārehi manteyya. <span class="bld">Rājabhaṇita</span>nti yathā raññā bhaṇitaṃ, tassatthassa sādhanasamatthaṃ. Sopi tassatthassa sādhanasamatthameva bhaṇitaṃ bhaṇatīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para285"></a><a name="para285_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">285</span>. <span class="bld">Pavattāro</span>ti pavattayitāro. <span class="bld">Yesa</span>nti yesaṃ santakaṃ. <span class="bld">Mantapada</span>nti vedasaṅkhātaṃ mantameva<a name="V1.0221"></a>. <span class="bld">Gīta</span>nti aṭṭhakādīhi dasahi porāṇakabrāhmaṇehi sarasampattivasena sajjhāyitaṃ. <span class="bld">Pavutta</span>nti aññesaṃ vuttaṃ, vācitanti attho. <span class="bld">Samihita</span>nti samupabyūḷhaṃ rāsikataṃ, piṇḍaṃ katvā ṭhapitanti attho. <span class="bld">Tadanugāyantī</span>ti etarahi brāhmaṇā taṃ tehi pubbe gītaṃ anugāyanti anusajjhāyanti. <span class="bld">Tadanubhāsantī</span>ti taṃ anubhāsanti, idaṃ purimasseva vevacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhāsitamanubhāsantī</span>ti tehi bhāsitaṃ sajjhāyitaṃ anusajjhāyanti. <span class="bld">Vācitamanuvācentī</span>ti tehi aññesaṃ vācitaṃ anuvācenti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Seyyathida</span>nti te katamehi attho. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhako</span>tiādīni tesaṃ nāmāni. Te kira dibbena cakkhunā oloketvā parūpaghātaṃ akatvā kassapasammāsambuddhassa bhagavato pāvacanena saha saṃsanditvā mante ganthiṃsu. Aparāpare pana brāhmaṇā pāṇātipātādīni pakkhipitvā tayo vede bhinditvā buddhavacanena saddhiṃ viruddhe akaṃsu. <span class="bld">Netaṃ</span> <a name="P1.0274"></a> <span class="bld">ṭhānaṃ vijjatī</span>ti yena tvaṃ isi bhaveyyāsi, etaṃ kāraṇaṃ na vijjati. Idha bhagavā yasmā – ‘‘esa pucchiyamānopi, attano avattharaṇabhāvaṃ ñatvā paṭivacanaṃ na dassatī’’ti jānāti, tasmā paṭiññaṃ agahetvāva taṃ isibhāvaṃ paṭikkhipi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para286"></a><a name="para286_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">286</span>. Idāni <a name="M1.0245"></a> yasmā te porāṇā dasa brāhmaṇā nirāmagandhā anitthigandhā rajojalladharā brahmacārino araññāyatane pabbatapādesu vanamūlaphalāhārā vasiṃsu. Yadā katthaci gantukāmā honti, iddhiyā ākāseneva gacchanti, natthi tesaṃ yānena kiccaṃ. Sabbadisāsu ca nesaṃ mettādibrahmavihārabhāvanāva ārakkhā hoti, natthi tesaṃ pākārapurisaguttīhi attho. Iminā ca ambaṭṭhena sutapubbā tesaṃ paṭipatti; tasmā imassa sācariyakassa tesaṃ paṭipattito ārakabhāvaṃ dassetuṃ – ‘‘taṃ kiṃ maññasi, ambaṭṭhā’’tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">vicitakāḷaka</span>nti vicinitvā apanītakāḷakaṃ. <span class="bld">Veṭhakanatapassāhī</span>ti dussapaṭṭadussaveṇi ādīhi veṭhakehi namitaphāsukāhi. <span class="bld">Kuttavālehī</span>ti sobhākaraṇatthaṃ kappetuṃ, yuttaṭṭhānesu kappitavālehi. Ettha ca vaḷavānaṃyeva vālā kappitā, na rathānaṃ, vaḷavapayuttattā pana rathāpi ‘‘kuttavālā’’ti vuttā. <span class="bld">Ukkiṇṇaparikhāsū</span>ti khataparikhāsu. <span class="bld">Okkhittapalighāsū</span>ti ṭhapitapalighāsu. <span class="bld">Nagarūpakārikāsū</span>ti ettha upakārikāti paresaṃ ārohanivāraṇatthaṃ samantā nagaraṃ pākārassa adhobhāge katasudhākammaṃ vuccati. Idha pana tāhi upakārikāhi yuttāni nagarāneva ‘‘nagarūpakārikāyo’’ti adhippetāni. <span class="bld">Rakkhāpentī</span>ti tādisesu nagaresu vasantāpi attānaṃ rakkhāpenti. <span class="bld">Kaṅkhā</span>ti ‘‘sabbaññū, na sabbaññū’’ti evaṃ saṃsayo. <span class="bld">Vimatī</span>ti tasseva vevacanaṃ, virūpā <a name="V1.0222"></a> mati, vinicchinituṃ asamatthāti attho. Idaṃ bhagavā ‘‘ambaṭṭhassa iminā attabhāvena maggapātubhāvo natthi, kevalaṃ divaso vītivattati, ayaṃ kho pana lakkhaṇapariyesanatthaṃ āgato, tampi <a name="P1.0275"></a> kiccaṃ nassarati. Handassa satijananatthaṃ nayaṃ demī’’ti āha.</p>
<p class="subhead">Dvelakkhaṇadassanavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para287"></a><a name="para287_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">287</span>. Evaṃ vatvā pana yasmā buddhānaṃ nisinnānaṃ vā nipannānaṃ vā koci lakkhaṇaṃ pariyesituṃ na sakkoti, ṭhitānaṃ pana caṅkamantānaṃ vā sakkoti. Āciṇṇañcetaṃ buddhānaṃ lakkhaṇapariyesanatthaṃ āgatabhāvaṃ ñatvā uṭṭhāyāsanā caṅkamādhiṭṭhānaṃ nāma, tena bhagavā uṭṭhāyāsanā bahi nikkhanto. Tasmā atha kho bhagavātiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samannesī</span>ti <a name="M1.0246"></a> gavesi, ekaṃ dveti vā gaṇayanto samānayi. <span class="bld">Yebhuyyenā</span>ti pāyena, bahukāni addasa, appāni na addasāti attho. Tato yāni na addasa tesaṃ dīpanatthaṃ vuttaṃ – ‘‘ṭhapetvā dve’’ti. <span class="bld">Kaṅkhatī</span>ti ‘‘aho vata passeyya’’nti patthanaṃ uppādeti. <span class="bld">Vicikicchatī</span>ti tato tato tāni vicinanto kicchati na sakkoti daṭṭhuṃ. <span class="bld">Nādhimuccatī</span>ti tāya vicikicchāya sanniṭṭhānaṃ na gacchati. <span class="bld">Na sampasīdatī</span>ti tato – ‘‘paripuṇṇalakkhaṇo aya’’nti bhagavati pasādaṃ nāpajjati. Kaṅkhāya vā dubbalā vimati vuttā, vicikicchāya majjhimā, anadhimuccanatāya balavatī, asampasādena tehi tīhi dhammehi cittassa kālusiyabhāvo. <span class="bld">Kosohite</span>ti vatthikosena paṭicchanne. <span class="bld">Vatthaguyhe</span>ti aṅgajāte bhagavato hi varavāraṇasseva kosohitaṃ vatthaguyhaṃ suvaṇṇavaṇṇaṃ padumagabbhasamānaṃ. Taṃ so vatthapaṭicchannattā apassanto, antomukhagatāya ca jivhāya pahūtabhāvaṃ asallakkhento tesu dvīsu lakkhaṇesu kaṅkhī ahosi vicikicchī.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para288"></a><a name="para288_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">288</span>. <span class="bld">Tathārūpa</span>nti taṃ rūpaṃ. Kimettha aññena vattabbaṃ? Vuttametaṃ nāgasenatthereneva milindaraññā puṭṭhena – ‘‘dukkaraṃ, bhante, nāgasena, bhagavatā katanti. Kiṃ mahārājāti? Mahājanena hirikaraṇokāsaṃ brahmāyu brāhmaṇassa ca antevāsi uttarassa ca, bāvarissa antevāsīnaṃ soḷasabrāhmaṇānañca<a name="P1.0276"></a>, selassa brāhmaṇassa ca antevāsīnaṃ tisatamāṇavānañca dassesi, bhanteti. Na, mahārāja, bhagavā guyhaṃ dassesi. Chāyaṃ bhagavā dassesi. Iddhiyā abhisaṅkharitvā nivāsananivatthaṃ kāyabandhanabaddhaṃ cīvarapārutaṃ chāyārūpakamattaṃ dassesi mahārājāti. Chāyaṃ diṭṭhe sati diṭṭhaṃyeva nanu, bhanteti? Tiṭṭhatetaṃ, mahārāja, hadayarūpaṃ disvā <a name="V1.0223"></a> bujjhanakasatto bhaveyya, hadayamaṃsaṃ nīharitvā dasseyya sammāsambuddhoti. Kallosi, bhante, nāgasenā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ninnāmetvā</span>ti nīharitvā. <span class="bld">Anumasī</span>ti kathinasūciṃ viya katvā anumajji, tathākaraṇena cettha mudubhāvo, kaṇṇasotānumasanena dīghabhāvo, nāsikasotānumasanena tanubhāvo, nalāṭacchādanena puthulabhāvo pakāsitoti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para289"></a><a name="para289_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">289</span>. <span class="bld">Paṭimānento</span>ti <a name="M1.0247"></a> āgamento, āgamanamassa patthento udikkhantoti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para290"></a><a name="para290_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">290</span>. <span class="bld">Kathāsallāpo</span>ti kathā ca sallāpo ca, kathanaṃ paṭikathananti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para291"></a><a name="para291_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">291</span>. <span class="bld">Aho vatā</span>ti garahavacanametaṃ. <span class="bld">Re</span>ti idaṃ hīḷanavasena āmantanaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṇḍitakā</span>ti tameva jigucchanto āha. Sesapadadvayepi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Evarūpena kira bho puriso atthacarakenā</span>ti idaṃ yādiso tvaṃ, edise atthacarake hitakārake sati puriso nirayaṃyeva gaccheyya, na aññatrāti imamatthaṃ sandhāya vadati. <span class="bld">Āsajja āsajjā</span>ti ghaṭṭetvā ghaṭṭetvā. <span class="bld">Amhepi evaṃ upaneyya upaneyyā</span>ti brāhmaṇo kho pana ambaṭṭha pokkharasātītiādīni vatvā evaṃ upanetvā upanetvā paṭicchannaṃ kāraṇaṃ āvikaritvā suṭṭhu dāsādibhāvaṃ āropetvā avaca, tayā amhe akkosāpitāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Padasāyeva pavattesī</span>ti pādena paharitvā bhūmiyaṃ pātesi. Yañca so pubbe ācariyena saddhiṃ rathaṃ āruhitvā sārathi hutvā agamāsi<a name="P1.0277"></a>, tampissa ṭhānaṃ acchinditvā rathassa purato padasā yevassa gamanaṃ akāsi.</p>
<p class="subhead">Pokkharasātibuddhūpasaṅkamanavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para292-296"></a><a name="para292-296_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">292-296</span>. <span class="bld">Ativikālo</span>ti suṭṭhu vikālo, sammodanīyakathāyapi kālo natthi. <span class="bld">Āgamā nu khvidha bho</span>ti āgamā nu kho idha bho. <span class="bld">Adhivāsetū</span>ti sampaṭicchatu. <span class="bld">Ajjatanāyā</span>ti yaṃ me tumhesu kāraṃ karoto ajja bhavissati puññañca pītipāmojjañca tadatthāya. <span class="bld">Adhivāsesi bhagavā tuṇhībhāvenā</span>ti bhagavā kāyaṅgaṃ vā vācaṅgaṃ vā acopetvā abbhantareyeva khantiṃ dhārento tuṇhībhāvena adhivāsesi. Brāhmaṇassa anuggahaṇatthaṃ manasāva sampaṭicchīti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para297"></a><a name="para297_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">297</span>. <span class="bld">Paṇītenā</span>ti <a name="V1.0224"></a> uttamena. <span class="bld">Sahatthā</span>ti sahatthena. <span class="bld">Santappesī</span>ti suṭṭhu tappesi paripuṇṇaṃ suhitaṃ yāvadatthaṃ akāsi. <span class="bld">Sampavāresī</span>ti <a name="M1.0248"></a> suṭṭhu pavāresi, alaṃ alanti hatthasaññāya paṭikkhipāpesi. <span class="bld">Bhuttāvi</span>nti bhuttavantaṃ. <span class="bld">Onītapattapāṇi</span>nti pattato onītapāṇiṃ, apanītahatthanti vuttaṃ hoti. Onittapattapāṇintipi pāṭho. Tassattho – onittaṃ nānābhūtaṃ vinābhūtaṃ pattaṃ pāṇito assāti onittapattapāṇi, taṃ onittapattapāṇiṃ. Hatthe ca pattañca dhovitvā ekamante pattaṃ nikkhipitvā nisinnanti attho. <span class="bld">Ekamantaṃ nisīdī</span>ti bhagavantaṃ evaṃ bhūtaṃ ñatvā ekasmiṃ okāse nisīdīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para298"></a><a name="para298_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">298</span>. <span class="bld">Anupubbiṃ katha</span>nti anupaṭipāṭikathaṃ. Ānupubbikathā nāma dānānantaraṃ sīlaṃ, sīlānantaraṃ saggo, saggānantaraṃ maggoti etesaṃ atthānaṃ dīpanakathā. Teneva – ‘‘seyyathidaṃ dānakatha’’ntiādimāha. <span class="bld">Okāra</span>nti avakāraṃ lāmakabhāvaṃ. <span class="bld">Sāmukkaṃsikā</span>ti sāmaṃ ukkaṃsikā, attanāyeva uddharitvā gahitā, sayambhūñāṇena diṭṭhā, asādhāraṇā aññesanti attho. Kā pana sāti? Ariyasaccadesanā. Tenevāha – ‘‘dukkhaṃ, samudayaṃ, nirodhaṃ, magga’’nti. <span class="bld">Dhammacakkhu</span>nti <a name="P1.0278"></a> ettha sotāpattimaggo adhippeto. Tassa uppattiākāradassanatthaṃ – ‘‘yaṃ kiñci samudayadhammaṃ, sabbaṃ taṃ nirodhadhamma’’nti āha. Tañhi nirodhaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā kiccavasena evaṃ sabbasaṅkhataṃ paṭivijjhantaṃ uppajjati.</p>
<p class="subhead">Pokkharasātiupāsakattapaṭivedanāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para299"></a><a name="para299_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">299</span>. Diṭṭho ariyasaccadhammo etenāti <span class="bld">diṭṭhadhammo. </span> Esa nayo sesapadesupi. Tiṇṇā vicikicchā anenāti <span class="bld">tiṇṇavicikiccho.</span> Vigatā kathaṃkathā assāti <span class="bld">vigatakathaṃkatho. Vesārajjappatto</span>ti visāradabhāvaṃ patto. Kattha? Satthusāsane. Nāssa paro paccayo, na parassa saddhāya ettha vattatīti <span class="bld">aparappaccayo.</span> Sesaṃ sabbattha vuttanayattā uttānatthattā ca pākaṭamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti sumaṅgalavilāsiniyā dīghanikāyaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</p>
<p class="centered">Ambaṭṭhasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter"><a name="dn1_4"></a>4. Soṇadaṇḍasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para300"></a><a name="para300_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">300</span>. Evaṃ <a name="P1.0279"></a><a name="V1.0225"></a><a name="M1.0249"></a> me sutaṃ…pe… aṅgesūti <span class="bld">soṇadaṇḍasuttaṃ</span>. Tatrāyaṃ apubbapadavaṇṇanā. <span class="bld">Aṅgesū</span>ti aṅgā nāma aṅgapāsādikatāya evaṃ laddhavohārā jānapadino rājakumārā, tesaṃ nivāso ekopi janapado rūḷhisaddena aṅgāti vuccati, tasmiṃ aṅgesu janapade. <span class="bld">Cārika</span>nti idhāpi aturitacārikā ceva nibaddhacārikā ca adhippetā. Tadā kira bhagavato dasasahassilokadhātuṃ olokentassa soṇadaṇḍo brāhmaṇo ñāṇajālassa anto paññāyittha. Atha bhagavā ayaṃ brāhmaṇo mayhaṃ ñāṇajāle paññāyati. ‘Atthi nu khvassupanissayo’ti vīmaṃsanto addasa. ‘Mayi tattha gate etassa antevāsino dvādasahākārehi brāhmaṇassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsitvā mama santike āgantuṃ na dassanti. So pana tesaṃ vādaṃ bhinditvā ekūnatiṃsa ākārehi mama vaṇṇaṃ bhāsitvā maṃ upasaṅkamitvā pañhaṃ pucchissati. So pañhavissajjanapariyosāne saraṇaṃ gamissatī’ti, disvā pañcasatabhikkhuparivāro taṃ janapadaṃ paṭipanno. Tena vuttaṃ – aṅgesu cārikaṃ caramāno…pe… yena campā tadavasarīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gaggarāya pokkharaṇiyā tīre</span>ti tassa campānagarassa avidūre gaggarāya nāma rājaggamahesiyā khaṇitattā gaggarāti laddhavohārā pokkharaṇī atthi. Tassā tīre samantato nīlādipañcavaṇṇakusumapaṭimaṇḍitaṃ <a name="P1.0280"></a> mahantaṃ campakavanaṃ. Tasmiṃ bhagavā kusumagandhasugandhe campakavane viharati. Taṃ sandhāya gaggarāya pokkharaṇiyā tīreti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Māgadhena seniyena bimbisārenā</span>ti ettha so rājā magadhānaṃ issarattā <span class="bld">māgadho.</span> Mahatiyā senāya samannāgatattā seniyo. Bimbīti suvaṇṇaṃ. Tasmā sārasuvaṇṇasadisavaṇṇatāya bimbisāroti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para301-302"></a><a name="para301-302_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">301-302</span>. Bahū bahū hutvā saṃhatāti saṅghā. Ekekissāya disāya saṅgho etesaṃ atthīti <span class="bld">saṅghī.</span> Pubbe nagarassa anto agaṇā bahi nikkhamitvā gaṇataṃ pattāti <span class="bld">gaṇībhūtā. Khattaṃ <a name="V1.0226"></a> āmantesī</span>ti. Khattā vuccati pucchitapañhe byākaraṇasamattho mahāmatto, taṃ āmantesi <span class="bld">āgamentū</span>ti muhuttaṃ paṭimānentu, mā gacchantūti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Soṇadaṇḍaguṇakathā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para303"></a><a name="para303_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">303</span>. <span class="bld">Nānāverajjakāna</span>nti <a name="M1.0250"></a> nānāvidhesu rajjesu, aññesu aññesu kāsikosalādīsu rajjesu jātā, tāni vā tesaṃ nivāsā, tato vā āgatāti nānāverajjakā, tesaṃ nānāverajjakānaṃ. <span class="bld">Kenacideva karaṇīyenā</span>ti tasmiṃ kira nagare dvīhi karaṇīyehi brāhmaṇā sannipatanti – yaññānubhavanatthaṃ vā mantasajjhāyanatthaṃ vā. Tadā ca tasmiṃ nagare yamaññā natthi. Soṇadaṇḍassa pana santike mantasajjhāyanatthaṃ ete sannipatitā. Taṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ – ‘‘kenacideva karaṇīyenā’’ti. Te tassa gamanaṃ sutvā cintesuṃ – ‘‘ayaṃ soṇadaṇḍo uggatabrāhmaṇo yebhuyyena ca aññe brāhmaṇā samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ saraṇaṃ gatā, ayameva na gato. Svāyaṃ sace tattha gamissati, addhā samaṇassa gotamassa āvaṭṭaniyā māyāya āvaṭṭito, taṃ saraṇaṃ gamissati. Tato etassāpi gehadvāre brāhmaṇānaṃ sannipāto na bhavissatī’’ti. ‘‘Handassa gamanantarāyaṃ karomā’’ti sammantayitvā tattha agamaṃsu. Taṃ sandhāya – atha kho te brāhmaṇātiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="P1.0281"></a> <span class="bld">imināpaṅgenā</span>ti imināpi kāraṇena. Evaṃ etaṃ kāraṇaṃ vatvā puna – ‘‘attano vaṇṇe bhaññamāne atussanakasatto nāma natthi. Handassa vaṇṇaṃ bhaṇanena gamanaṃ nivāressāmā’’ti cintetvā bhavañhi soṇadaṇḍo ubhato sujātotiādīni kāraṇāni āhaṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ubhato</span>ti dvīhi pakkhehi. <span class="bld">Mātito ca pitito cā</span>ti bhoto mātā brāhmaṇī, mātumātā brāhmaṇī, tassāpi mātā brāhmaṇī; pitā brāhmaṇo, pitupitā brāhmaṇo, tassāpi pitā brāhmaṇoti, evaṃ bhavaṃ ubhato sujāto mātito ca pitito ca. <span class="bld">Saṃsuddhagahaṇiko</span>ti saṃsuddhā te mātugahaṇī kucchīti attho. Samavepākiniyā gahaṇiyāti ettha pana kammajatejodhātu ‘‘gahaṇī’’ti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yāva sattamā pitāmahayugā</span>ti ettha pitupitā pitāmaho, pitāmahassa yugaṃ pitāmahayugaṃ. <span class="bld">Yuga</span>nti āyuppamāṇaṃ vuccati. Abhilāpamattameva cetaṃ. Atthato pana pitāmahoyeva pitāmahayugaṃ. Tato uddhaṃ sabbepi pubbapurisā pitāmahaggahaṇeneva gahitā. Evaṃ yāva sattamo puriso<a name="V1.0227"></a><a name="M1.0251"></a>, tāva saṃsuddhagahaṇiko. Atha vā akkhitto anupakuṭṭho jātivādenāti dassenti. <span class="bld">Akkhitto</span>ti – ‘‘apanetha etaṃ, kiṃ iminā’’ti evaṃ akkhitto anavakkhitto. <span class="bld">Anupakuṭṭho</span>ti na upakuṭṭho, na akkosaṃ vā nindaṃ vā laddhapubbo. Kena kāraṇenāti? Jātivādena. Itipi – ‘‘hīnajātiko eso’’ti evarūpena vacanenāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aḍḍho</span>ti issaro. <span class="bld">Mahaddhano</span>ti mahatā dhanena samannāgato. Bhavato hi gehe pathaviyaṃ paṃsuvālikā viya bahudhanaṃ, samaṇo pana gotamo adhano bhikkhāya udaraṃ pūretvā yāpetīti dassenti. <span class="bld">Mahābhogo</span>ti pañcakāmaguṇavasena mahāupabhogo. Evaṃ yaṃ yaṃ guṇaṃ vadanti, tassa tassa paṭipakkhavasena bhagavato aguṇaṃyeva dassemāti maññamānā vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Abhirūpo</span>ti aññehi manussehi abhirūpo adhikarūpo. <span class="bld">Dassanīyo</span>ti divasampi passantānaṃ atittikaraṇato dassanayoggo. Dassaneneva cittapasādajananato <span class="bld">pāsādiko.</span> Pokkharatā <a name="P1.0282"></a> vuccati sundarabhāvo, vaṇṇassa pokkharatā vaṇṇapokkharatā, tāya vaṇṇasampattiyā yuttoti attho. Porāṇā panāhu – ‘‘pokkharanti sarīraṃ vadanti, vaṇṇaṃ vaṇṇamevā’’ti. Tesaṃ matena vaṇṇañca pokkharañca vaṇṇapokkharāni. Tesaṃ bhāvo vaṇṇapokkharatā. Iti <span class="bld">paramāya vaṇṇapokkharatāyā</span>ti uttamena parisuddhena vaṇṇena ceva sarīrasaṇṭhānasampattiyā cāti attho. <span class="bld">Brahmavaṇṇī</span>ti seṭṭhavaṇṇī. Parisuddhavaṇṇesupi seṭṭhena suvaṇṇavaṇṇena samannāgatoti attho. <span class="bld">Brahmavacchasī</span>ti mahābrahmuno sarīrasadiseneva sarīrena samannāgato. <span class="bld">Akhuddāvakāso dassanāyā</span>ti ‘‘bhoto sarīre dassanassa okāso na khuddako mahā, sabbāneva te aṅgapaccaṅgāni dassanīyāneva, tāni cāpi mahantānevā’’ti dīpenti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sīlamassa atthīti <span class="bld">sīlavā.</span> Vuddhaṃ vaddhitaṃ sīlamassāti <span class="bld">vuddhasīlī. Vuddhasīlenā</span>ti vuddhena vaddhitena sīlena. <span class="bld">Samannāgato</span>ti yutto. Idaṃ vuddhasīlīpadasseva vevacanaṃ. Sabbametaṃ pañcasīlamattameva sandhāya vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kalyāṇavāco</span>tiādīsu kalyāṇā sundarā parimaṇḍalapadabyañjanā vācā assāti kalyāṇavāco. Kalyāṇaṃ madhuraṃ vākkaraṇaṃ assāti <span class="bld">kalyāṇavākkaraṇo</span><a name="M1.0252"></a>. <span class="bld">Vākkaraṇa</span>nti udāharaṇaghoso. Guṇaparipuṇṇabhāvena pure bhavāti porī. Pure vā bhavattā porī. Poriyā nāgarikitthiyā sukhumālattanena sadisāti porī, tāya <span class="bld">poriyā. Vissaṭṭhāyā</span>ti apalibuddhāya sandiṭṭhavilambitādidosarahitāya. <span class="bld">Anelagalāyā</span>ti elagaḷenavirahitāya. Yassa kassaci hi kathentassa <a name="V1.0228"></a> elā gaḷanti, lālā vā paggharanti, kheḷaphusitāni vā nikkhamanti, tassa vācā elagaḷaṃ nāma hoti, tabbiparitāyāti attho. <span class="bld">Atthassa viññāpaniyā</span>ti ādimajjhapariyosānaṃ pākaṭaṃ katvā bhāsitatthassa viññāpanasamatthāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Jiṇṇo</span>ti <a name="P1.0283"></a> jarājiṇṇatāya jiṇṇo. <span class="bld">Vuddho</span>ti aṅgapaccaṅgānaṃ vuddhibhāvamariyādappatto. <span class="bld">Mahallako</span>ti jātimahallakatāya samannāgato. Cirakālappasutoti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Addhagato</span>ti addhānaṃ gato, dve tayo rājaparivaṭṭe atītoti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Vayoanuppatto</span>ti pacchimavayaṃ sampatto, pacchimavayo nāma vassasatassa pacchimo tatiyabhāgo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Api ca <span class="bld">jiṇṇo</span>ti porāṇo, cirakālappavattakulanvayoti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Vuddho</span>ti sīlācārādiguṇavuddhiyā yutto. <span class="bld">Mahallako</span>ti vibhavamahantāya samannāgato. <span class="bld">Addhagato</span>ti maggappaṭipanno brāhmaṇānaṃ vatacariyādimariyādaṃ avītikkamma caraṇasīlo. <span class="bld">Vayoanuppatto</span>ti jātivuddhabhāvampi antimavayaṃ anuppatto.</p>
<p class="subhead">Buddhaguṇakathā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para304"></a><a name="para304_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">304</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ vutte</span>ti evaṃ tehi brāhmaṇehi vutte. Soṇadaṇḍo – ‘‘ime brāhmaṇā jātiādīhi mama vaṇṇaṃ vadanti, na kho pana metaṃ yuttaṃ attano vaṇṇe rajjituṃ. Handāhaṃ etesaṃ vādaṃ bhinditvā samaṇassa gotamassa mahantabhāvaṃ ñāpetvā etesaṃ tattha gamanaṃ karomī’’ti cintetvā tena hi – bho mamapi suṇāthātiādimāha. Tattha yepi ubhato sujātoti ādayo attano guṇehi sadisā guṇā tepi<a name="M1.0253"></a>; ‘‘ko cāhaṃ ke ca samaṇassa gotamassa jātisampattiādayo guṇā’’ti attano guṇehi uttaritareyeva maññamāno, itare pana ekanteneva bhagavato mahantabhāvadīpanatthaṃ pakāseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mayameva arahāmā</span>ti evaṃ niyāmentovettha idaṃ dīpeti – ‘‘yadi guṇamahantatāya upasaṅkamitabbo nāma hoti. Yathā hi sineruṃ upanidhāya sāsapo, mahāsamuddaṃ upanidhāya gopadakaṃ, sattasu mahāsaresu udakaṃ upanidhāya ussāvabindu paritto lāmako. Evameva samaṇassa gotamassa jātisampattiādayopi guṇe upanidhāya amhākaṃ guṇā parittā lāmakā; tasmā mayameva arahāma taṃ bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamitu’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mahantaṃ</span> <a name="V1.0229"></a> <span class="bld">ñātisaṃghaṃ ohāyā</span>ti mātipakkhe asītikulasahassāni<a name="P1.0284"></a>, pitipakkhe asītikulasahassānīti evaṃ saṭṭhikulasatasahassaṃ ohāya pabbajito.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhūmigatañca vehāsaṭṭhañcā</span>ti ettha rājaṅgaṇe ceva uyyāne ca sudhāmaṭṭhapokkharaṇiyo sattaratanānaṃ pūretvā bhūmiyaṃ ṭhapitaṃ dhanaṃ bhūmigataṃ nāma. Pāsādaniyūhādayo paripūretvā ṭhapitaṃ vehāsaṭṭhaṃ nāma. Etaṃ tāva kulapariyāyena āgataṃ. Tathāgatassa pana jātadivaseyeva saṅkho, elo, uppalo, puṇḍarīkoti cattāro nidhayo uggatā. Tesu saṅkho gāvutiko, elo aḍḍhayojaniko, uppalo tigāvutiko, puṇḍarīko yojaniko. Tesupi gahitaṃ gahitaṃ pūratiyeva, iti bhagavā pahūtaṃ hiraññasuvaṇṇaṃ ohāya pabbajitoti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Daharova samāno</span>ti taruṇova samāno. <span class="bld">Susukāḷakeso</span>ti suṭṭhu kāḷakeso, añjanavaṇṇasadisakeso hutvā vāti attho. <span class="bld">Bhadrenā</span>ti bhaddakena. <span class="bld">Paṭhamena vayasā</span>ti tiṇṇaṃ vayānaṃ paṭhamavayena. <span class="bld">Akāmakāna</span>nti anicchamānānaṃ. Anādaratthe sāmivacanaṃ. Assūni mukhe etesanti <span class="bld">assumukhā,</span> tesaṃ assumukhānaṃ, assūhi kilinnamukhānanti attho. <span class="bld">Rudantāna</span>nti <a name="M1.0254"></a> kanditvā rodamānānaṃ. <span class="bld">Akhuddāvakāso</span>ti ettha bhagavato aparimāṇoyeva dassanāya okāsoti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatridaṃ vatthu – rājagahe kira aññataro brāhmaṇo samaṇassa gotamassa pamāṇaṃ gahetuṃ na sakkotīti sutvā bhagavato piṇḍāya pavisanakāle saṭṭhihatthaṃ veḷuṃ gahetvā nagaradvārassa bahi ṭhatvā sampatte bhagavati veḷuṃ gahetvā samīpe aṭṭhāsi. Veḷu bhagavato jāṇukamattaṃ pāpuṇi. Puna divase dve veḷū ghaṭetvā samīpe aṭṭhāsi. Bhagavāpi dvinnaṃ veḷūnaṃ upari kaṭimattameva paññāyamāno – ‘‘brāhmaṇa, kiṃ karosī’’ti āha. Tumhākaṃ pamāṇaṃ gaṇhāmīti. ‘‘Brāhmaṇa, sacepi tvaṃ sakalacakkavāḷagabbhaṃ pūretvā ṭhite veḷū ghaṭetvā <a name="P1.0285"></a> āgamissasi, neva me pamāṇaṃ gahetuṃ sakkhissasi. Na hi mayā cattāri asaṅkhyeyāni kappasatasahassañca tathā pāramiyo pūritā, yathā me paro pamāṇaṃ gaṇheyya, atulo, brāhmaṇa, tathāgato appameyyo’’ti vatvā dhammapade gāthamāha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Te tādise pūjayato, nibbute akutobhaye;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Na sakkā puññaṃ saṅkhātuṃ, imettamapi kenacī’’ti. (dha. pa. 36);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Gāthāpariyosāne <a name="V1.0230"></a> caturāsītipāṇasahassāni amataṃ piviṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparampi vatthu – rāhu kira asurindo cattāri yojanasahassāni aṭṭha ca yojanasatāni ucco. Bāhantaramassa dvādasayojanasatāni. Bahalantarena cha yojanasatāni. Hatthatalapādatalānaṃ puthulato tīṇi yojanasatāni. Aṅgulipabbāni paṇṇāsayojanāni. Bhamukantaraṃ paṇṇāsayojanaṃ. Mukhaṃ dviyojanasataṃ tiyojanasatagambhīraṃ tiyojanasataparimaṇḍalaṃ. Gīvā tiyojanasataṃ. Nalāṭaṃ tiyojanasataṃ. Sīsaṃ navayojanasataṃ. ‘‘So ahaṃ uccosmi, satthāraṃ onamitvā oloketuṃ na sakkhissāmī’’ti cintetvā nāgacchi. So ekadivasaṃ bhagavato vaṇṇaṃ sutvā – ‘‘yathākathañca olokessāmī’’ti āgato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha bhagavā tassajjhāsayaṃ viditvā – ‘‘catūsu iriyāpathesu katarena dassessāmī’’ti cintetvā ‘‘ṭhitako nāma nīcopi ucco viya paññāyati. Nipannovassa <a name="M1.0255"></a> attānaṃ dassessāmī’’ti ‘‘ānanda, gandhakuṭipariveṇe mañcakaṃ paññāpehī’’ti vatvā tattha sīhaseyyaṃ kappesi. Rāhu āgantvā nipannaṃ bhagavantaṃ gīvaṃ unnāmetvā nabhamajjhe puṇṇacandaṃ viya ullokesi. Kimidaṃ asurindāti ca vutte – ‘‘bhagavā onamitvā oloketuṃ na sakkhissāmī’’ti nāgacchinti. Na mayā, asurinda, adhomukhena pāramiyo pūritā. Uddhaggameva katvā dānaṃ dinnanti. Taṃ divasaṃ rāhu saraṇaṃ agamāsi. Evaṃ bhagavā akhuddāvakāso dassanāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Catupārisuddhisīlena <a name="P1.0286"></a> sīlavā, taṃ pana sīlaṃ ariyaṃ uttamaṃ parisuddhaṃ. Tenāha – ‘‘ariyasīlī’’ti. Tadetaṃ anavajjaṭṭhena kusalaṃ. Tenāha – ‘‘kusalasīlī’’ti. <span class="bld">Kusalasīlenā</span>ti idamassa vevacanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bahūnaṃ ācariyapācariyo</span>ti bhagavato ekekāya dhammadesanāya caturāsītipāṇasahassāni aparimāṇāpi devamanussā maggaphalāmataṃ pivanti, tasmā bahūnaṃ ācariyo. Sāvakaveneyyānaṃ pana pācariyoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Khīṇakāmarāgo</span>ti ettha kāmaṃ bhagavato sabbepi kilesā khīṇā. Brāhmaṇo pana te na jānāti. Attano jānanaṭṭhāneyeva guṇaṃ katheti. <span class="bld">Vigatacāpallo</span>ti – ‘‘pattamaṇḍanā cīvaramaṇḍanā <a name="V1.0231"></a> senāsanamaṇḍanā imassa vā pūtikāyassa…pe… kelanā paṭikelanā’’ti (vibha. 854) evaṃ vuttacāpallā virahito.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Apāpapurekkhāro</span>ti apāpe nava lokuttaradhamme purato katvā vicarati. <span class="bld">Brahmaññāya pajāyā</span>ti sāriputtamoggallānamahākassapādibhedāya brāhmaṇapajāya, etissāya ca pajāya purekkhāro. Ayañhi pajā samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ purakkhatvā caratīti attho. Api ca <span class="bld">apāpapurekkhāro</span>ti na pāpaṃ purekkhāro na pāpaṃ purato katvā carati, na pāpaṃ icchatīti attho. Kassa? Brahmaññāya pajāya. Attanā saddhiṃ paṭiviruddhāyapi brāhmaṇapajāya aviruddho hitasukhatthiko yevāti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tiroraṭṭhā</span>ti pararaṭṭhato. <span class="bld">Tirojanapadā</span>ti parajanapadato. <span class="bld">Pañhaṃ pucchituṃ āgacchantī</span>ti khattiyapaṇḍitādayo ceva devabrahmanāgagandhabbādayo ca <a name="M1.0256"></a> – ‘‘pañhe abhisaṅkharitvā pucchissāmā’’ti āgacchanti. Tattha keci pucchāya vā dosaṃ vissajjanasampaṭicchane vā asamatthataṃ sallakkhetvā apucchitvāva tuṇhī nisīdanti. Keci pucchanti. Kesañci bhagavā pucchāya ussāhaṃ janetvā vissajjeti. Evaṃ sabbesampi tesaṃ vimatiyo tīraṃ patvā mahāsamuddassa ūmiyo viya bhagavantaṃ patvā bhijjanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ehi</span> <a name="P1.0287"></a> <span class="bld">svāgatavādī</span>ti devamanussapabbajitagahaṭṭhesu taṃ taṃ attano santikaṃ āgataṃ – ‘‘ehi svāgata’’nti evaṃ vadatīti attho. <span class="bld">Sakhilo</span>ti tattha katamaṃ sākhalyaṃ? ‘‘Yā sā vācā nelā kaṇṇasukhā’’tiādinā nayena vuttasākhalyena samannāgato, muduvacanoti attho. <span class="bld">Sammodako</span>ti paṭisanthārakusalo, āgatāgatānaṃ catunnaṃ parisānaṃ – ‘‘kacci, bhikkhave, khamanīyaṃ, kacci yāpanīya’’ntiādinā nayena sabbaṃ addhānadarathaṃ vūpasamento viya paṭhamataraṃ sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ kattāti attho. <span class="bld">Abbhākuṭiko</span>ti yathā ekacce parisaṃ patvā thaddhamukhā saṅkuṭitamukhā honti, na ediso, parisadassanena panassa bālātapasamphassena viya padumaṃ mukhapadumaṃ vikasati puṇṇacandasassirikaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Uttānamukho</span>ti yathā ekacce nikujjitamukhā viya sampattāya parisāya na kiñci kathenti, atidullabhakathā honti, na evarūpo. Samaṇo pana gotamo sulabhakatho. Na tassa santikaṃ āgatāgatānaṃ – ‘‘kasmā mayaṃ idhāgatā’’ti vippaṭisāro uppajjati dhammaṃ pana sutvā attamanāva hontīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Pubbabhāsī</span>ti bhāsanto ca paṭhamataraṃ bhāsati, tañca kho kālayuttaṃ pamāṇayuttaṃ atthanissitameva bhāsati, na niratthakakathaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na</span> <a name="V1.0232"></a> <span class="bld">tasmiṃ gāme vā</span>ti yattha kira bhagavā paṭivasati, tattha mahesakkhā devatā ārakkhaṃ gaṇhanti, taṃ nissāya manussānaṃ upaddavo na hoti, paṃsupisācakādayoyeva hi manusse viheṭhenti, te tāsaṃ ānubhāvena dūraṃ apakkamanti. Api ca bhagavato mettābalenapi na amanussā manusse viheṭhenti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saṅghī</span>tiādīsu anusāsitabbo sayaṃ vā uppādito saṅgho assa atthīti <span class="bld">saṅghī.</span> Tādiso cassa gaṇo atthīti <span class="bld">gaṇī.</span> Purimapadasseva vā vevacanametaṃ. Ācārasikkhāpanavasena gaṇassa ācariyoti <span class="bld">gaṇācariyo</span><a name="M1.0257"></a>. <span class="bld">Puthutitthakarāna</span>nti bahūnaṃ titthakarānaṃ. <span class="bld">Yathā</span> <a name="P1.0288"></a> <span class="bld">vā tathā vā</span>ti yena vā tena vā acelakādimattakenāpi kāraṇena. <span class="bld">Samudāgacchatī</span>ti samantato upagacchati abhivaḍḍhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Atithi no te hontī</span>ti te amhākaṃ āgantukā, navakā pāhunakā hontīti attho. <span class="bld">Pariyāpuṇāmī</span>ti jānāmi. <span class="bld">Aparimāṇavaṇṇo</span>ti tathārūpeneva sabbaññunāpi appameyyavaṇṇo – ‘‘pageva mādisenā’’ti dasseti. Vuttampi cettaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Buddhopi buddhassa bhaṇeyya vaṇṇaṃ,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Kappampi ce aññamabhāsamāno;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Khīyetha kappo ciradīghamantare,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Vaṇṇo na khīyetha tathāgatassā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para305"></a><a name="para305_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">305</span>. Imaṃ pana satthu guṇakathaṃ sutvā te brāhmaṇā cintayiṃsu – yathā soṇadaṇḍo brāhmaṇo samaṇassa gotamassa vaṇṇe bhaṇati, anomaguṇo so bhavaṃ gotamo; evaṃ tassa guṇe jānamānena kho pana ācariyena aticiraṃ adhivāsitaṃ, handa naṃ anuvattāmāti anuvattiṃsu. Tasmā evaṃ vutte ‘‘te brāhmaṇā’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">alamevā</span>ti yuttameva. <span class="bld">Api puṭosenā</span>ti puṭosaṃ vuccati pātheyyaṃ, taṃ gahetvāpi upasaṅkamituṃ yuttamevāti attho. Puṭaṃsenātipi pāṭho, tassattho, puṭo aṃse assāti puṭaṃso, tena puṭaṃsena. Aṃsena hi pātheyyapuṭaṃ vahantenāpīti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Soṇadaṇḍaparivitakkavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para306-308"></a><a name="para306-308_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">306-308</span>. <span class="bld">Tirovanasaṇḍagatassā</span>ti <a name="V1.0233"></a> antovanasaṇḍe gatassa, vihārabbhantaraṃ paviṭṭhassāti attho. <span class="bld">Añjaliṃ paṇāmetvā</span>ti ete ubhatopakkhikā, te evaṃ cintayiṃsu – ‘‘sace no micchādiṭṭhikā codessanti – ‘kasmā tumhe samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ vanditthā’ti? Tesaṃ – ‘kiṃ añjalimattakaraṇenāpi vandanaṃ nāma hotī’ti vakkhāma. Sace no sammādiṭṭhikā codessanti – ‘kasmā tumhe bhagavantaṃ na vanditthā’ti. ‘Kiṃ sīsena bhūmiyaṃ paharanteneva vandanaṃ nāma hoti, nanu añjalikammampi vandanaṃ evā’ti <a name="M1.0258"></a> vakkhāmā’’ti. <span class="bld">Nāmagotta</span>nti <a name="P1.0289"></a> ‘‘bho, gotama, ahaṃ asukassa putto datto nāma, mitto nāma, idhāgato’’ti vadantā nāmaṃ sāventi nāma. ‘‘Bho, gotama, ahaṃ vāseṭṭho nāma, kaccāno nāma, idhāgato’’ti vadantā gottaṃ sāventi nāma. Ete kira daliddā jiṇṇā kulaputtā ‘‘parisamajjhe nāmagottavasena pākaṭā bhavissāmā’’ti evamakaṃsu. Ye pana tuṇhībhūtā nisīdiṃsu, te kerāṭikā ceva andhabālā ca. Tattha kerāṭikā – ‘‘ekaṃ dve kathāsallāpepi karonto vissāsiko hoti, atha vissāse sati ekaṃ dve bhikkhā adātuṃ na yutta’’nti tato attānaṃ mocetvā tuṇhī nisīdanti. Andhabālā aññāṇatāyeva avakkhittamattikāpiṇḍo viya yattha katthaci tuṇhībhūtā nisīdanti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Brāhmaṇapaññattivaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para309-310"></a><a name="para309-310_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">309-310</span>. <span class="bld">Cetasā cetoparivitakka</span>nti bhagavā – ‘‘ayaṃ brāhmaṇo āgatakālato paṭṭhāya adhomukho thaddhagatto kiṃ cintayamāno nisinno, kiṃ nu kho cintetī’’ti āvajjanto attano cetasā tassa cittaṃ aññāsi. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘cetasā cetoparivitakkamaññāyā’’ti. <span class="bld">Vihaññatī</span>ti vighātaṃ āpajjati. <span class="bld">Anuviloketvā parisa</span>nti bhagavato sakasamaye pañhapucchanena udake miyamāno ukkhipitvā thale ṭhapito viya samapassaddhakāyacitto hutvā parisaṃ saṅgaṇhanatthaṃ diṭṭhisañjāneneva ‘‘upadhārentu me bhonto vacana’’nti vadanto viya anuviloketvā parisaṃ bhagavantaṃ etadavoca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para311-313"></a><a name="para311-313_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">311-313</span>. <span class="bld">Sujaṃ paggaṇhantāna</span>nti yaññayajanatthāya sujaṃ gaṇhantesu brāhmaṇesu paṭhamo vā dutiyo vāti attho. Sujāya diyyamānaṃ mahāyāgaṃ paṭiggaṇhantānanti porāṇā. Iti brāhmaṇo sakasamayavasena sammadeva pañhaṃ vissajjesi. Bhagavā pana visesato uttamabrāhmaṇassa dassanatthaṃ <a name="V1.0234"></a> – ‘‘imesaṃ panā’’tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Etadavocu</span>nti sace jātivaṇṇamantasampanno brāhmaṇo na hoti, atha ko carahi loke brāhmaṇo <a name="M1.0259"></a> bhavissati? Nāseti no ayaṃ soṇadaṇḍo, handassa vādaṃ paṭikkhipissāmāti cintetvā etadavocuṃ. <span class="bld">Apavadatī</span>ti <a name="P1.0290"></a> paṭikkhipati. <span class="bld">Anupakkhandatī</span>ti anupavisati. Idaṃ – ‘‘sace tvaṃ pasādavasena samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ saraṇaṃ gantukāmo, gaccha; mā brāhmaṇassa samayaṃ bhindī’’ti adhippāyena āhaṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para314"></a><a name="para314_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">314</span>. <span class="bld">Etadavocā</span>ti imesu brāhmaṇesu evaṃ ekappahāreneva viravantesu ‘‘ayaṃ kathā pariyosānaṃ na gamissati, handa ne nissadde katvā soṇadaṇḍeneva saddhiṃ kathemī’’ti cintetvā – ‘‘etaṃ sace kho tumhāka’’ntiādikaṃ vacanaṃ avoca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para315-316"></a><a name="para315-316_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">315-316</span>. <span class="bld">Sahadhammenā</span>ti sakāraṇena. <span class="bld">Samasamo</span>ti ṭhapetvā ekadesasamattaṃ samabhāvena samo, sabbākārena samoti attho. <span class="bld">Ahamassa mātāpitaro jānāmī</span>ti bhaginiyā puttassa mātāpitaro kiṃ na jānissati, kulakoṭiparidīpanaṃ sandhāyeva vadati. <span class="bld">Musāvādampi bhaṇeyyā</span>ti atthabhañjanakaṃ musāvādaṃ katheyya. <span class="bld">Kiṃ vaṇṇo karissatī</span>ti abbhantare guṇe asati kiṃ karissati? Kimassa brāhmaṇabhāvaṃ rakkhituṃ sakkhissatīti attho. Athāpi siyā puna – ‘‘pakatisīle ṭhitassa brāhmaṇabhāvaṃ sādhentī’’ti evampi sīlameva sādhessati, tasmiṃ hissa asati brāhmaṇabhāvo nāhosīti sammohamattaṃ vaṇṇādayo. Idaṃ pana sutvā te brāhmaṇā – ‘‘sabhāvaṃ ācariyo āha, akāraṇāva mayaṃ ujjhāyimhā’’ti tuṇhī ahesuṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Sīlapaññākathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para317"></a><a name="para317_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">317</span>. Tato bhagavā ‘kathito brāhmaṇena pañho, kiṃ panettha patiṭṭhātuṃ sakkhissati, na sakkhissatī’ti? Tassa vīmaṃsanatthaṃ – ‘‘imesaṃ pana brāhmaṇā’’tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Sīlaparidhotā</span>ti sīlaparisuddhā. <span class="bld">Yattha sīlaṃ tattha paññā</span>ti yasmiṃ puggale sīlaṃ, tattheva paññā, kuto dussīle paññā? Paññārahite vā jaḷe eḷamūge kuto sīlanti? <span class="bld">Sīlapaññāṇa</span>nti sīlañca paññāṇañca sīlapaññāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Paññāṇa</span>nti paññāyeva. Evametaṃ brāhmaṇāti <a name="M1.0260"></a> bhagavā brāhmaṇassa vacanaṃ <a name="P1.0291"></a> anujānanto āha. Tattha <span class="bld">sīlaparidhotā paññā</span>ti catupārisuddhisīlena dhotā. Kathaṃ pana sīlena paññaṃ dhovatīti? Yassa puthujjanassa sīlaṃ saṭṭhiasītivassāni akhaṇḍaṃ hoti, so maraṇakālepi sabbakilese ghātetvā sīlena paññaṃ dhovitvā arahattaṃ gaṇhāti. Kandarasālapariveṇe mahāsaṭṭhivassatthero viya. There kira maraṇamañce nipajjitvā balavavedanāya nitthunante<a name="V1.0235"></a>, tissamahārājā ‘‘theraṃ passissāmī’’ti gantvā pariveṇadvāre ṭhito taṃ saddaṃ sutvā pucchi – ‘‘kassa saddo aya’’nti? Therassa nitthunanasaddoti. ‘‘Pabbajjāya saṭṭhivassena vedanāpariggahamattampi na kataṃ, na dāni naṃ vandissāmī’’ti nivattitvā mahābodhiṃ vandituṃ gato. Tato upaṭṭhākadaharo theraṃ āha – ‘‘kiṃ no, bhante, lajjāpetha, saddhopi rājā vippaṭisārī hutvā na vandissāmī’’ti gatoti. Kasmā āvusoti? Tumhākaṃ nitthunanasaddaṃ sutvāti. ‘‘Tena hi me okāsaṃ karothā’’ti vatvā vedanaṃ vikkhambhitvā arahattaṃ patvā daharassa saññaṃ adāsi – ‘‘gacchāvuso, idāni rājānaṃ amhe vandāpehī’’ti. Daharo gantvā – ‘‘idāni kira theraṃ, vandathā’’ti āha. Rājā saṃsumārapatitena theraṃ vandanto – ‘‘nāhaṃ ayyassa arahattaṃ vandāmi, puthujjanabhūmiyaṃ pana ṭhatvā rakkhitasīlameva vandāmī’’ti āha, evaṃ sīlena paññaṃ dhovati nāma. Yassa pana abbhantare sīlasaṃvaro natthi, ugghāṭitaññutāya pana catuppadikagāthāpariyosāne paññāya sīlaṃ dhovitvā saha paṭisambhidāhi arahattaṃ pāpuṇāti. Ayaṃ paññāya sīlaṃ dhovati nāma. Seyyathāpi santatimahāmatto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para318"></a><a name="para318_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">318</span>. <span class="bld">Katamaṃ pana taṃ brāhmaṇā</span>ti kasmā āha? Bhagavā kira cintesi – ‘‘brāhmaṇā brāhmaṇasamaye pañcasīlāni ‘sīla’nti paññāpenti, vedattayauggahaṇapaññā paññāti. Uparivisesaṃ <a name="P1.0292"></a> na jānanti. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ brāhmaṇassa uttarivisesabhūtaṃ maggasīlaṃ, phalasīlaṃ, maggapaññaṃ, phalapaññañca dassetvā arahattanikūṭena desanaṃ niṭṭhapeyya’’nti. Atha naṃ kathetukamyatāya pucchanto – ‘‘katamaṃ pana taṃ, brāhmaṇa, sīlaṃ katamā sā paññā’’ti āha. Atha brāhmaṇo – ‘‘mayā sakasamayavasena pañho vissajjito. Samaṇo pana maṃ gotamo puna nivattitvā pucchati, idānissāhaṃ cittaṃ paritosetvā vissajjituṃ <a name="M1.0261"></a> sakkuṇeyyaṃ vā na vā? Sace na sakkhissaṃ paṭhamaṃ uppannāpi me lajjā bhijjissati. Asakkontassa pana na sakkomīti vacane doso natthī’’ti puna nivattitvā bhagavatoyeva bhāraṃ karonto ‘‘ettakaparamāva maya’’ntiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">ettakaparamā</span>ti ettakaṃ sīlapaññāṇanti vacanameva paramaṃ amhākaṃ, te mayaṃ ettakaparamā, ito paraṃ etassa bhāsitassa atthaṃ na jānāmāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Athassa bhagavā sīlapaññāya mūlabhūtassa tathāgatassa uppādato pabhuti sīlapaññāṇaṃ dassetuṃ – ‘‘idha brāhmaṇa, tathāgato’’tiādimāha. Tassattho sāmaññaphale vuttanayeneva veditabbo, ayaṃ pana viseso, idha tividhampi sīlaṃ – ‘‘idampissa hoti sīlasmi’’nti evaṃ sīlamicceva niyyātitaṃ paṭhamajjhānādīni cattāri jhānāni atthato paññāsampadā. Evaṃ <a name="V1.0236"></a> paññāvasena pana aniyyātetvā vipassanāpaññāya padaṭṭhānabhāvamattena dassetvā vipassanāpaññāto paṭṭhāya paññā niyyātitāti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Soṇadaṇḍaupāsakattapaṭivedanākathā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para319-322"></a><a name="para319-322_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">319-322</span>. <span class="bld">Svātanāyā</span>ti padassa attho ajjatanāyāti ettha vuttanayeneva veditabbo. <span class="bld">Tena maṃ sā parisā paribhaveyyā</span>ti tena tumhe dūratova disvā āsanā vuṭṭhitakāraṇena maṃ sā parisā – ‘‘ayaṃ soṇadaṇḍo pacchimavaye ṭhito mahallako, gotamo pana daharo yuvā nattāpissa nappahoti, so nāma attano nattumattabhāvampi appattassa āsanā vuṭṭhātī’’ti paribhaveyya. <span class="bld">Āsanā me taṃ bhavaṃ gotamo paccuṭṭhāna</span>nti mama agāravena avuṭṭhānaṃ <a name="P1.0293"></a> nāma natthi, bhoganāsanabhayena pana na vuṭṭhahissāmi, taṃ tumhe hi ceva mayā ca ñātuṃ vaṭṭati. Tasmā āsanā me etaṃ bhavaṃ gotamo paccuṭṭhānaṃ dhāretūti, iminā kira sadiso kuhako dullabho, bhagavati panassa agāravaṃ nāma natthi, tasmā bhoganāsanabhayā kuhanavasena evaṃ vadati. Parapadesupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Dhammiyā kathāyā</span>tiādīsu taṅkhaṇānurūpāya dhammiyā kathāya diṭṭhadhammikasamparāyikaṃ atthaṃ sandassetvā kusale dhamme samādapetvā gaṇhāpetvā. Tattha naṃ samuttejetvā saussāhaṃ katvā tāya ca saussāhatāya aññehi ca vijjamānaguṇehi sampahaṃsetvā dhammaratanavassaṃ vassitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā <a name="M1.0262"></a> pakkāmi. Brāhmaṇo pana attano kuhakatāya evampi bhagavati dhammavassaṃ vassite visesaṃ nibbattetuṃ nāsakkhi. Kevalamassa āyatiṃ nibbānatthāya vāsanābhāgiyāya ca sabbā purimapacchimakathā ahosīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti sumaṅgalavilāsiniyā dīghanikāyaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</p>
<p class="centered">Soṇadaṇḍasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter"><a name="dn1_5"></a>5. Kūṭadantasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para323"></a><a name="para323_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">323</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="P1.0294"></a><a name="V1.0237"></a><a name="M1.0263"></a> <span class="bld">me sutaṃ…pe… magadhesū</span>ti kūṭadantasuttaṃ. Tatrāyaṃ apubbapadavaṇṇanā. <span class="bld">Magadhesū</span>ti magadhā nāma jānapadino rājakumārā, tesaṃ nivāso ekopi janapado rūḷhīsaddena magadhāti vuccati, tasmiṃ magadhesu janapade. Ito paraṃ purimasuttadvaye vuttanayameva. Ambalaṭṭhikā brahmajāle vuttasadisāva. <span class="bld">Kūṭadanto</span>ti tassa brāhmaṇassa nāmaṃ. <span class="bld">Upakkhaṭo</span>ti sajjito. <span class="bld">Vacchatarasatānī</span>ti vacchasatāni. <span class="bld">Urabbhā</span>ti taruṇameṇḍakā vuccanti. Ete tāva pāḷiyaṃ āgatāyeva. Pāḷiyaṃ pana anāgatānampi anekesaṃ migapakkhīnaṃ sattasattasatāni sampiṇḍitānevāti veditabbāni. Sabbasattasatikayāgaṃ kiresa yajitukāmo hoti. <span class="bld">Thūṇūpanītānī</span>ti bandhitvā ṭhapanatthāya yūpasaṅkhātaṃ thūṇaṃ upanītāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para328"></a><a name="para328_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">328</span>. <span class="bld">Tividha</span>nti ettha vidhā vuccati ṭhapanā, tiṭṭhapananti attho. <span class="bld">Soḷasaparikkhāra</span>nti soḷasaparivāraṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para330-336"></a><a name="para330-336_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">330-336</span>. <span class="bld">Paṭivasantī</span>ti yaññānubhavanatthāya paṭivasanti. <span class="bld">Bhūtapubba</span>nti idaṃ bhagavā pathavīgataṃ nidhiṃ uddharitvā purato rāsiṃ karonto viya bhavapaṭicchannaṃ pubbacaritaṃ dassento āha. <span class="bld">Mahāvijito</span>ti so kira sāgarapariyantaṃ mahantaṃ pathavīmaṇḍalaṃ <a name="P1.0295"></a> vijini, iti mahantaṃ vijitamassāti mahāvijito tveva saṅkhyaṃ agamāsi. <span class="bld">Aḍḍho</span>tiādīsu yo koci attano santakena vibhavena aḍḍho hoti, ayaṃ pana na kevalaṃ aḍḍhoyeva, mahaddhano mahatā aparimāṇasaṅkhyena dhanena samannāgato. Pañcakāmaguṇavasena mahantā uḷārā bhogā assāti <span class="bld">mahābhogo.</span> Piṇḍapiṇḍavasena ceva suvaṇṇamāsakarajatamāsakādivasena ca jātarūparajatassa pahūtatāya <span class="bld">pahūtajātarūparajato,</span> anekakoṭisaṅkhyena jātarūparajatena samannāgatoti attho. <span class="bld">Vittī</span>ti tuṭṭhi, vittiyā upakaraṇaṃ <span class="bld">vittūpakaraṇaṃ</span> tuṭṭhikāraṇanti attho. Pahūtaṃ nānāvidhālaṅkārasuvaṇṇarajatabhājanādibhedaṃ vittūpakaraṇamassāti <span class="bld">pahūtavittūpakaraṇo.</span> Sattaratanasaṅkhātassa <a name="V1.0238"></a> nidahitvā ṭhapitadhanassa sabbapubbaṇṇāparaṇṇasaṅgahitassa dhaññassa ca pahūtatāya <span class="bld">pahūtadhanadhañño</span><a name="M1.0264"></a>. Athavā idamassa devasikaṃ paribbayadānaggahaṇādivasena parivattanadhanadhaññavasena vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paripuṇṇakosakoṭṭhāgāro</span>ti koso vuccati bhaṇḍāgāraṃ, nidahitvā ṭhapitena dhanena paripuṇṇakoso, dhaññena paripuṇṇakoṭṭhāgāro cāti attho. Athavā catubbidho koso – hatthī, assā, rathā, pattīti. Koṭṭhāgāraṃ tividhaṃ – dhanakoṭṭhāgāraṃ, vatthakoṭṭhāgāraṃ, dhaññakoṭṭhāgāranti, taṃ sabbampi paripuṇṇamassāti paripuṇṇakosakoṭṭhāgāro. <span class="bld">Udapādī</span>ti uppajji. Ayaṃ kira rājā ekadivasaṃ ratanāvalokanacārikaṃ nāma nikkhanto. So bhaṇḍāgārikaṃ pucchi – ‘‘tāta, idaṃ evaṃ bahudhanaṃ kena saṅgharita’’nti? Tumhākaṃ pitupitāmahādīhi yāva sattamā kulaparivaṭṭāti. Idaṃ pana dhanaṃ saṅgharitvā te kuhiṃ gatāti? Sabbeva te, deva, maraṇavasaṃ pattāti. Attano dhanaṃ agahetvāva gatā, tātāti? Deva, kiṃ vadetha, dhanaṃ nāmetaṃ pahāya gamanīyameva, no ādāya gamanīyanti. Atha rājā nivattitvā sirīgabbhe nisinno – ‘adhigatā kho me’tiādīni cintesi. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para337"></a><a name="para337_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">337</span>. <span class="bld">Brāhmaṇaṃ</span> <a name="P1.0296"></a> <span class="bld">āmantetvā</span>ti kasmā āmantesi? Ayaṃ kirevaṃ cintesi – ‘‘dānaṃ dentena nāma ekena paṇḍitena saddhiṃ mantetvā dātuṃ vaṭṭati, anāmantetvā katakammañhi pacchānutāpaṃ karotī’’ti. Tasmā āmantesi. Atha brāhmaṇo cintesi – ‘‘ayaṃ rājā mahādānaṃ dātukāmo, janapade cassa bahū corā, te avūpasametvā dānaṃ dentassa khīradadhitaṇḍulādike dānasambhāre āharantānaṃ nippurisāni gehāni corā vilumpissanti janapado corabhayeneva kolāhalo bhavissati, tato rañño dānaṃ na ciraṃ pavattissati, cittampissa ekaggaṃ na bhavissati, handa, naṃ etamatthaṃ saññāpemī’’ti tato tamatthaṃ saññāpento ‘‘bhoto, kho rañño’’tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para338"></a><a name="para338_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">338</span>. Tattha <span class="bld">sakaṇṭako</span>ti corakaṇṭakehi sakaṇṭako. <span class="bld">Panthaduhanā</span>ti panthaduhā, panthaghātakāti attho. <span class="bld">Akiccakārī assā</span>ti akattabbakārī <a name="M1.0265"></a> adhammakārī bhaveyya. <span class="bld">Dassukhīla</span>nti corakhīlaṃ. <span class="bld">Vadhena vā</span>ti māraṇena vā koṭṭanena vā. <span class="bld">Bandhanenā</span>ti addubandhanādinā. <span class="bld">Jāniyā</span>ti hāniyā; ‘‘sataṃ gaṇhatha, sahassaṃ gaṇhathā’’ti evaṃ pavattitadaṇḍenāti attho. <span class="bld">Garahāyā</span>ti pañcasikhamuṇḍakaraṇaṃ, gomayasiñcanaṃ, gīvāya kudaṇḍakabandhananti <a name="V1.0239"></a> evamādīni katvā garahapāpanena. <span class="bld">Pabbājanāyā</span>ti raṭṭhato nīharaṇena. <span class="bld">Samūhanissāmī</span>ti sammā hetunā nayena kāraṇena ūhanissāmi. <span class="bld">Hatāvasesakā</span>ti matāvasesakā. <span class="bld">Ussahantī</span>ti ussāhaṃ karonti. <span class="bld">Anuppadetū</span>ti dinne appahonte puna aññampi bījañca bhattañca kasiupakaraṇabhaṇḍañca sabbaṃ detūti attho. <span class="bld">Pābhataṃ anuppadetū</span>ti sakkhiṃ akatvā paṇṇe anāropetvā mūlacchejjavasena bhaṇḍamūlaṃ detūti attho. Bhaṇḍamūlassa hi pābhatanti nāmaṃ. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Appakenapi medhāvī, pābhatena vicakkhaṇo;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Samuṭṭhāpeti attānaṃ, aṇuṃ aggiṃva sandhama’’nti. (jā. 1.1.4);</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhattavetana</span>nti devasikaṃ bhattañceva māsikādiparibbayañca <a name="P1.0297"></a> tassa tassa kusalakammasūrabhāvānurūpena ṭhānantaragāmanigamādidānena saddhiṃ detūti attho. <span class="bld">Sakammapasutā</span>ti kasivāṇijjādīsu sakesu kammesu uyyuttā byāvaṭā. <span class="bld">Rāsiko</span>ti dhanadhaññānaṃ rāsiko. <span class="bld">Khemaṭṭhitā</span>ti khemena ṭhitā abhayā. <span class="bld">Akaṇṭakā</span>ti corakaṇṭakarahitā. <span class="bld">Mudā modamānā</span>ti modā modamānā. Ayameva vā pāṭho, aññamaññaṃ pamuditacittāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Apārutagharā</span>ti corānaṃ abhāvena dvārāni asaṃvaritvā vivaṭadvārāti attho. <span class="bld">Etadavocā</span>ti janapadassa sabbākārena iddhaphītabhāvaṃ ñatvā etaṃ avoca.</p>
<p class="subhead">Catuparikkhāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para339"></a><a name="para339_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">339</span>. <span class="bld">Tena hi bhavaṃ rājā</span>ti brāhmaṇo kira cintesi – ‘‘ayaṃ rājā mahādānaṃ dātuṃ ativiya ussāhajāto. Sace pana attano anuyantā khattiyādayo anāmantetvā dassati. Nāssa te attamanā bhavissanti; yathā dānaṃ te attamanā honti, tathā karissāmī’’ti. Tasmā ‘‘tena hi bhava’’ntiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">negamā</span>ti nigamavāsino. <span class="bld">Jānapadā</span>ti janapadavāsino<a name="M1.0266"></a>. <span class="bld">Āmantayata</span>nti āmantetu jānāpetu. <span class="bld">Yaṃ mama assā</span>ti yaṃ tumhākaṃ anujānanaṃ mama bhaveyya. <span class="bld">Amaccā</span>ti piyasahāyakā. <span class="bld">Pārisajjā</span>ti sesā āṇattikārakā. <span class="bld">Yajataṃ bhavaṃ rājā</span>ti yajatu bhavaṃ, te kira – ayaṃ rājā ‘‘ahaṃ issaro’’ti pasayha dānaṃ adatvā amhe āmantesi, ahonena suṭṭhu kata’’nti attamanā evamāhaṃsu. Anāmantite panassa yaññaṭṭhānaṃ dassanāyapi na gaccheyyuṃ. <span class="bld">Yaññakālo mahārājā</span>ti deyyadhammasmiñhi asati mahallakakāle ca evarūpaṃ dānaṃ dātuṃ na sakkā, tvaṃ pana mahādhano ceva taruṇo ca, etena te <a name="V1.0240"></a> yaññakāloti dassentā vadanti. <span class="bld">Anumatipakkhā</span>ti anumatiyā pakkhā, anumatidāyakāti attho. <span class="bld">Parikkhārā bhavantī</span>ti parivārā bhavanti. ‘‘Ratho sīlaparikkhāro, jhānakkho cakkavīriyo’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.4) ettha pana alaṅkāro parikkhāroti vutto.</p>
<p class="subhead">Aṭṭhaparikkhāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para340"></a><a name="para340_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">340</span>. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhahaṅgehī</span>ti <a name="P1.0298"></a> ubhato sujātādīhi aṭṭhahi aṅgehi. <span class="bld">Yasasā</span>ti āṇāṭhapanasamatthatāya. <span class="bld">Saddho</span>ti dānassa phalaṃ atthīti saddahati. <span class="bld">Dāyako</span>ti dānasūro. Na saddhāmattakeneva tiṭṭhati, pariccajitumpi sakkotīti attho. <span class="bld">Dānapatī</span>ti yaṃ dānaṃ deti, tassa pati hutvā deti, na dāso, na sahāyo. Yo hi attanā madhuraṃ bhuñjati, paresaṃ amadhuraṃ deti, so dānasaṅkhātassa deyyadhammassa dāso hutvā deti. Yo yaṃ attanā bhuñjati, tadeva deti, so sahāyo hutvā deti. Yo pana attanā yena kenaci yāpeti, paresaṃ madhuraṃ deti, so pati jeṭṭhako sāmī hutvā deti, ayaṃ tādisoti attho. <span class="bld">Samaṇabrāhmaṇakapaṇaddhikavaṇibbakayācakāna</span>nti ettha samitapāpā <span class="bld">samaṇā,</span> bāhitapāpā brāhmaṇā. <span class="bld">Kapaṇā</span>ti duggatā daliddamanussā. <span class="bld">Addhikā</span>ti pathāvino. <span class="bld">Vaṇibbakā</span>ti ye – ‘‘iṭṭhaṃ dinnaṃ, kantaṃ, manāpaṃ, kālena anavajjaṃ dinnaṃ, dadaṃ cittaṃ pasādeyya, gacchatu bhavaṃ brahmaloka’’ntiādinā nayena dānassa vaṇṇaṃ thomayamānā vicaranti. <span class="bld">Yācakā</span>ti ye – ‘‘pasatamattaṃ detha, sarāvamattaṃ dethā’’tiādīni vatvā yācamānā vicaranti. <span class="bld">Opānabhūto</span>ti udapānabhūto. Sabbesaṃ sādhāraṇaparibhogo, catumahāpathe khatapokkharaṇī <a name="M1.0267"></a> viya hutvāti attho. <span class="bld">Sutajātassā</span>ti ettha sutameva sutajātaṃ. <span class="bld">Atītānāgatapaccuppanne atthe cintetu</span>nti ettha – ‘‘atīte puññassa katattāyeva me ayaṃ sampattī’’ti, evaṃ cintento atītamatthaṃ cintetuṃ paṭibalo nāma hoti. ‘‘Idāni puññaṃ katvāva anāgate sakkā sampattiṃ pāpuṇitu’’nti cintento anāgatamatthaṃ cintetuṃ paṭibalo nāma hoti. ‘‘Idaṃ puññakammaṃ nāma sappurisānaṃ āciṇṇaṃ, mayhañca bhogāpi saṃvijjanti, dāyakacittampi atthi; handāhaṃ puññāni karomī’’ti <a name="P1.0299"></a> cintento paccuppannamatthaṃ cintetuṃ paṭibalo nāma hotīti veditabbo. <span class="bld">Iti imānī</span>ti evaṃ yathā vuttāni etāni. Etehi kira aṭṭhahaṅgehi samannāgatassa dānaṃ sabbadisāhi mahājano upasaṅkamati. ‘‘Ayaṃ dujjāto kittakaṃ kālaṃ dassati, idāni vippaṭisārī hutvā upacchindissatī’’ti evamādīni cintetvā na koci upasaṅkamitabbaṃ maññati. Tasmā etāni aṭṭhaṅgāni parikkhārā bhavantīti vuttāni.</p>
<p class="subhead">Catuparikkhārādivaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para341"></a><a name="para341_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">341</span>. <span class="bld">Sujaṃ</span> <a name="V1.0241"></a> <span class="bld">paggaṇhantāna</span>nti mahāyāgapaṭiggaṇhanaṭṭhāne dānakaṭacchuṃ paggaṇhantānaṃ. <span class="bld">Imehi catūhī</span>ti etehi sujātādīhi. Etesu hi asati – ‘‘evaṃ dujjātassa saṃvidhānena pavattadānaṃ kittakaṃ kālaṃ pavattissatī’’tiādīni vatvā upasaṅkamitāro na honti. Garahitabbābhāvato pana upasaṅkamantiyeva. Tasmā imānipi parikkhārā bhavantīti vuttāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para342"></a><a name="para342_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">342</span>. <span class="bld">Tisso vidhā desesī</span>ti tīṇi ṭhapanāni desesi. So kira cintesi – ‘‘dānaṃ dadamānā nāma tiṇṇaṃ ṭhānānaṃ aññatarasmiṃ calanti handāhaṃ imaṃ rājānaṃ tesu ṭhānesu paṭhamataraññeva niccalaṃ karomī’’ti. Tenassa tisso vidhā desesīti. <span class="bld">So bhoto rañño</span>ti idaṃ karaṇatthe sāmivacanaṃ. Bhotā raññāti vā pāṭho. <span class="bld">Vippaṭisāro na karaṇīyo</span>ti ‘‘bhogānaṃ vigamahetuko pacchānutāpo na kattabbo, pubbacetanā pana acalā patiṭṭhapetabbā, evañhi dānaṃ mahapphalaṃ hotī’’ti dasseti. Itaresupi dvīsu ṭhānesu eseva nayo. Muñcacetanāpi hi pacchāsamanussaraṇacetanā <a name="M1.0268"></a> ca niccalāva kātabbā. Tathā akarontassa dānaṃ na mahapphalaṃ hoti, nāpi uḷāresu bhogesu cittaṃ namati, mahāroruvaṃ upapannassa seṭṭhigahapatino viya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para343"></a><a name="para343_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">343</span>. <span class="bld">Dasahākārehī</span>ti dasahi kāraṇehi. Tassa kira evaṃ ahosi – sacāyaṃ rājā dussīle disvā – ‘‘nassati vata me dānaṃ, yassa me evarūpā dussīlā bhuñjantī’’ti sīlavantesupi vippaṭisāraṃ uppādessati, dānaṃ na mahapphalaṃ bhavissati. Vippaṭisāro ca nāma dāyakānaṃ paṭiggāhakatova uppajjati<a name="P1.0300"></a>, handassa paṭhamameva taṃ vippaṭisāraṃ vinodemīti. Tasmā dasahākārehi upacchijjituṃ yuttaṃ paṭiggāhakesupi vippaṭisāraṃ vinodesīti. <span class="bld">Tesaññeva tenā</span>ti tesaññeva tena pāpena aniṭṭho vipāko bhavissati, na aññesanti dasseti. <span class="bld">Yajataṃ bhava</span>nti detu bhavaṃ. <span class="bld">Sajjata</span>nti vissajjatu. <span class="bld">Antara</span>nti abbhantaraṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para344"></a><a name="para344_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">344</span>. <span class="bld">Soḷasahi ākārehi cittaṃ sandassesī</span>ti idha brāhmaṇo rañño mahādānānumodanaṃ nāma āraddho. Tattha <span class="bld">sandassesī</span>ti – ‘idaṃ dānaṃ dātā evarūpaṃ sampattiṃ labhatī’ti dassetvā dassetvā kathesi. <span class="bld">Samādapesī</span>ti tadatthaṃ samādapetvā kathesi. <span class="bld">Samuttejesī</span>ti vippaṭisāravinodanenassa cittaṃ vodāpesi. <span class="bld">Sampahaṃsesī</span>ti ‘sundaraṃ te kataṃ, mahārāja, dānaṃ dadamānenā’ti thutiṃ katvā kathesi. <span class="bld">Vattā dhammato natthī</span>ti dhammena samena kāraṇena vattā natthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para345"></a><a name="para345_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">345</span>. <span class="bld">Na</span> <a name="V1.0242"></a> <span class="bld">rukkhā chijjiṃsu yūpatthāya na dabbhā lūyiṃsu barihisatthāyā</span>ti ye yūpanāmake mahāthambhe ussāpetvā – ‘‘asukarājā asukāmacco asukabrāhmaṇo evarūpaṃ nāma mahāyāgaṃ yajatī’’ti nāmaṃ likhitvā ṭhapenti. Yāni ca dabbhatiṇāni lāyitvā vanamālāsaṅkhepena yaññasālaṃ parikkhipanti, bhūmiyaṃ vā pattharanti, tepi na rukkhā chijjiṃsu, na dabbhā lūyiṃsu. Kiṃ pana gāvo vā ajādayo vā haññissantīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Dāsā</span>ti antogehadāsādayo. <span class="bld">Pessā</span>ti ye pubbameva dhanaṃ gahetvā kammaṃ karonti. <span class="bld">Kammakarā</span>ti ye bhattavetanaṃ gahetvā karonti. Daṇḍatajjitā <a name="P1.0301"></a> nāma daṇḍayaṭṭhimuggarādīni gahetvā – ‘‘kammaṃ karotha karothā’’ti evaṃ <a name="M1.0269"></a> tajjitā. Bhayatajjitā nāma – sace kammaṃ karosi, kusalaṃ. No ce karosi, chindissāma vā bandhissāma vā māressāma vāti evaṃ bhayena tajjitā. Ete pana na daṇḍatajjitā, na bhayatajjitā, na assumukhā rodamānā parikammāni akaṃsu. Atha kho piyasamudācāreneva samudācariyamānā akaṃsu. Na hi tattha dāsaṃ vā dāsāti, pessaṃ vā pessāti, kammakaraṃ vā kammakarāti ālapanti. Yathānāmavaseneva pana piyasamudācārena ālapitvā itthipurisabalavantadubbalānaṃ anurūpameva kammaṃ dassetvā – ‘‘idañcidañca karothā’’ti vadanti. Tepi attano rucivaseneva karonti. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘ye icchiṃsu, te akaṃsu; ye na icchiṃsu, na te akaṃsu. Yaṃ icchiṃsu, taṃ akaṃsu; yaṃ na icchiṃsu, na taṃ akaṃsū’’ti. <span class="bld">Sappitelanavanītadadhimadhuphāṇitena ceva so yañño niṭṭhānamagamāsī</span>ti rājā kira bahinagarassa catūsu dvāresu antonagarassa ca majjheti pañcasu ṭhānesu mahādānasālāyo kārāpetvā ekekissāya sālāya satasahassaṃ satasahassaṃ katvā divase divase pañcasatasahassāni vissajjetvā sūriyuggamanato paṭṭhāya tassa tassa kālassa anurūpehi sahatthena suvaṇṇakaṭacchuṃ gahetvā paṇītehi sappitelādisammisseheva yāgukhajjakabhattabyañjanapānakādīhi mahājanaṃ santappesi. Bhājanāni pūretvā gaṇhitukāmānaṃ tatheva dāpesi. Sāyaṇhasamaye pana vatthagandhamālādīhi sampūjesi. Sappiādīnaṃ pana mahācāṭiyo pūrāpetvā – ‘‘yo yaṃ paribhuñjitukāmo, so taṃ paribhuñjatū’’ti anekasatesu ṭhānesu ṭhapāpesi. Taṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ – ‘‘sappitelanavanītadadhimadhuphāṇitena ceva so yañño niṭṭhānamagamāsī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para346"></a><a name="para346_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">346</span>. <span class="bld">Pahūtaṃ sāpateyyaṃ ādāyā</span>ti bahuṃ dhanaṃ gahetvā. Te kira cintesuṃ – ‘‘ayaṃ rājā sappitelādīni janapadato anāharāpetvā attano santakameva nīharitvā mahādānaṃ deti. Amhehi pana ‘rājā na kiñci āharāpetī’ti na yuttaṃ tuṇhī bhavituṃ. Na hi rañño ghare dhanaṃ akkhayadhammameva, amhesu ca adentesu ko añño rañño dassati, handassa dhanaṃ upasaṃharāmā’’ti <a name="V1.0243"></a> te gāmabhāgena ca nigamabhāgena <a name="P1.0302"></a> ca nagarabhāgena ca sāpateyyaṃ saṃharitvā sakaṭāni pūretvā rañño upahariṃsu. Taṃ sandhāya – ‘‘pahūtaṃ sāpateyya’’ntiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para347"></a><a name="para347_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">347</span>. <span class="bld">Puratthimena</span> <a name="M1.0270"></a> <span class="bld">yaññavāṭassā</span>ti puratthimato nagaradvāre dānasālāya puratthimabhāge. Yathā puratthimadisato āgacchantā khattiyānaṃ dānasālāya yāguṃ pivitvā rañño dānasālāya bhuñjitvā nagaraṃ pavisanti. Evarūpe ṭhāne paṭṭhapesuṃ. <span class="bld">Dakkhiṇena yaññavāṭassā</span>ti dakkhiṇato nagaradvāre dānasālāya vuttanayeneva dakkhiṇabhāge paṭṭhapesuṃ. Pacchimuttaresupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para348"></a><a name="para348_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">348</span>. <span class="bld">Aho yañño, aho yaññasampadā</span>ti brāhmaṇā sappiādīhi niṭṭhānagamanaṃ sutvā – ‘‘yaṃ loke madhuraṃ, tadeva samaṇo gotamo katheti, handassa yaññaṃ pasaṃsāmā’’ti tuṭṭhacittā pasaṃsamānā evamāhaṃsu. <span class="bld">Tuṇhībhūtova nisinno hotī</span>ti upari vattabbamatthaṃ cintayamāno nissaddova nisinno hoti. <span class="bld">Abhijānāti pana bhavaṃ gotamo</span>ti idaṃ brāhmaṇo parihārena pucchanto āha. Itarathā hi – ‘‘kiṃ pana tvaṃ, bho gotama, tadā rājā ahosi, udāhu purohito brāhmaṇo’’ti evaṃ ujukameva pucchayamāno agāravo viya hoti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Niccadānaanukulayaññavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para349"></a><a name="para349_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">349</span>. <span class="bld">Atthi pana, bho gotamā</span>ti – idaṃ brāhmaṇo ‘‘sakalajambudīpavāsīnaṃ uṭṭhāya samuṭṭhāya dānaṃ nāma dātuṃ garukaṃ sakalajanapado ca attano kammāni akaronto nassissati, atthi nu kho amhākampi imamhā yaññā añño yañño appasamārambhataro ceva mahapphalataro cā’’ti etamatthaṃ pucchanto āha. <span class="bld">Niccadānānī</span>ti dhuvadānāni niccabhattāni. <span class="bld">Anukulayaññānī</span>ti – ‘‘amhākaṃ pitupitāmahādīhi pavattitānī’’ti katvā pacchā duggatapurisehipi vaṃsaparamparāya pavattetabbāni yāgāni, evarūpāni kira sīlavante uddissa nibaddhadānāni tasmiṃ kule daliddāpi na upacchindanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tatridaṃ</span> <a name="P1.0303"></a> <span class="bld">vatthu –</span> anāthapiṇḍikassa kira ghare pañca niccabhattasatāni dīyiṃsu. Dantamayasalākāni pañcasatāni ahesuṃ. Atha taṃ kulaṃ anukkamena dāliddiyena abhibhūtaṃ, ekā tasmiṃ kule dārikā ekasalākato uddhaṃ dātuṃ nāsakkhi. Sāpi pacchā setavāhanarajjaṃ gantvā khalaṃ sodhetvā laddhadhaññena taṃ salākaṃ adāsi. Eko thero rañño <a name="M1.0271"></a> ārocesi. Rājā taṃ <a name="V1.0244"></a> ānetvā aggamahesiṭṭhāne ṭhapesi. Sā tato paṭṭhāya puna pañcapi salākabhattasatāni pavattesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Daṇḍappahārā</span>ti – ‘‘paṭipāṭiyā tiṭṭhatha tiṭṭhathā’’ti ujuṃ gantvā gaṇhatha gaṇhathāti ca ādīni vatvā dīyamānā daṇḍappahārāpi galaggāhāpi dissanti. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ kho, brāhmaṇa, hetu…pe… mahānisaṃsatarañcā</span>ti. Ettha yasmā mahāyaññe viya imasmiṃ salākabhatte na bahūhi veyyāvaccakarehi vā upakaraṇehi vā attho atthi, tasmā etaṃ appaṭṭhataraṃ. Yasmā cettha na bahūnaṃ kammacchedavasena pīḷāsaṅkhāto samārambho atthi, tasmā appasamārambhataraṃ. Yasmā cetaṃ saṅghassa yiṭṭhaṃ pariccattaṃ, tasmā yaññanti vuttaṃ, yasmā pana chaḷaṅgasamannāgatāya dakkhiṇāya mahāsamudde udakasseva na sukaraṃ puññābhisandassa pamāṇaṃ kātuṃ, idañca tathāvidhaṃ. Tasmā taṃ mahapphalatarañca mahānisaṃsatarañcāti veditabbaṃ. Idaṃ sutvā brāhmaṇo cintesi – idampi niccabhattaṃ uṭṭhāya samuṭṭhāya dadato divase divase ekassa kammaṃ nassati. Navanavo ussāho ca janetabbo hoti, atthi nu kho itopi añño yañño appaṭṭhataro ca appasamārambhataro cāti. Tasmā ‘‘atthi pana, bho gotamā’’tiādimāha. Tattha yasmā salākabhatte kiccapariyosānaṃ natthi, ekena uṭṭhāya samuṭṭhāya aññaṃ kammaṃ akatvā saṃvidhātabbameva. Vihāradāne pana kiccapariyosānaṃ atthi. Paṇṇasālaṃ vā hi kāretuṃ koṭidhanaṃ vissajjetvā mahāvihāraṃ vā, ekavāraṃ dhanapariccāgaṃ katvā kāritaṃ sattaṭṭhavassānipi vassasatampi vassasahassampi gacchatiyeva. Kevalaṃ jiṇṇapatitaṭṭhāne paṭisaṅkharaṇamattameva kātabbaṃ <a name="P1.0304"></a> hoti. Tasmā idaṃ vihāradānaṃ salākabhattato appaṭṭhataraṃ appasamārambhatarañca hoti. Yasmā panettha suttantapariyāyena yāvadeva sītassa paṭighātāyāti ādayo navānisaṃsā vuttā, khandhakapariyāyena.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Sītaṃ uṇhaṃ paṭihanti, tato vāḷamigāni ca;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Siriṃsape ca makase ca, sisire cāpi vuṭṭhiyo.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Tato vātātapo ghoro, sañjāto paṭihaññati;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Leṇatthañca sukhatthañca, <span class="bld">jhāyituñca vipassituṃ.</span></p>
<p class="gatha1">Vihāradānaṃ <a name="V1.0245"></a> saṅghassa, aggaṃ buddhena vaṇṇitaṃ;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Tasmā hi paṇḍito poso, sampassaṃ atthamattano;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Vihāre kāraye ramme, vāsayettha bahussute.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Tasmā annañca pānañca, vatthasenāsanāni ca;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Dadeya ujubhūtesu, vippasannena cetasā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Te tassa dhammaṃ desenti, sabbadukkhāpanūdanaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Yaṃ so dhammaṃ idhaññāya, parinibbāti anāsavo’’ti. (cūḷava. 295);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sattarasānisaṃsā vuttā. Tasmā etaṃ salākabhattato mahapphalatarañca mahānisaṃsatarañcāti veditabbaṃ. Saṅghassa pana pariccattattāva yaññoti vuccati. Idampi sutvā brāhmaṇo cintesi – ‘‘dhanapariccāgaṃ katvā vihāradānaṃ <a name="M1.0272"></a> nāma dukkaraṃ, attano santakā hi kākaṇikāpi parassa duppariccajā, handāhaṃ itopi appaṭṭhatarañca appasamārambhatarañca yaññaṃ pucchāmī’’ti. Tato taṃ pucchanto – ‘‘atthi pana bho’’tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para350-351"></a><a name="para350-351_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">350-351</span>. Tattha yasmā sakiṃ pariccattepi vihāre punappunaṃ chādanakhaṇḍaphullappaṭisaṅkharaṇādivasena kiccaṃ atthiyeva, saraṇaṃ pana ekabhikkhussa vā santike saṅghassa vā gaṇassa vā sakiṃ gahitaṃ gahitameva hoti, natthi tassa punappunaṃ kattabbatā, tasmā taṃ vihāradānato appaṭṭhatarañca appasamārambhatarañca hoti. Yasmā ca saraṇagamanaṃ nāma tiṇṇaṃ ratanānaṃ jīvitapariccāgamayaṃ puññakammaṃ saggasampattiṃ deti, tasmā mahapphalatarañca mahānisaṃsatarañcāti veditabbaṃ. Tiṇṇaṃ pana ratanānaṃ jīvitapariccāgavasena yaññoti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para352"></a><a name="para352_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">352</span>. Idaṃ <a name="P1.0305"></a> sutvā brāhmaṇo cintesi – ‘‘attano jīvitaṃ nāma parassa pariccajituṃ dukkaraṃ, atthi nu kho itopi appaṭṭhataro yañño’’ti tato taṃ pucchanto puna ‘‘atthi pana, bho gotamā’’tiādimāha. Tattha pāṇātipātā veramaṇītiādīsu <span class="bld">veramaṇī</span> nāma virati. Sā tividhā hoti – sampattavirati, samādānavirati setughātaviratīti. Tattha yo sikkhāpadāni agahetvāpi kevalaṃ attano jātigottakulāpadesādīni anussaritvā – ‘‘na me idaṃ patirūpa’’nti <a name="V1.0246"></a> pāṇātipātādīni na karoti, sampattavatthuṃ pariharati. Tato ārakā viramati. Tassa sā virati sampattaviratīti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Ajjatagge jīvitahetupi pāṇaṃ na hanāmī’’ti vā ‘‘pāṇātipātā viramāmī’’ti vā ‘‘veramaṇiṃ samādiyāmī’’ti vā evaṃ sikkhāpadāni gaṇhantassa pana virati samādānaviratīti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ariyasāvakānaṃ pana maggasampayuttā virati setughātavirati nāma. Tattha purimā dve viratiyo yaṃ voropanādivasena vītikkamitabbaṃ jīvitindriyādivatthu, taṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā pavattanti. Pacchimā nibbānārammaṇāva. Ettha ca yo pañca sikkhāpadāni ekato gaṇhati, tassa ekasmiṃ bhinne sabbāni bhinnāni honti. Yo ekekaṃ gaṇhati, so yaṃ vītikkamati, tadeva <a name="M1.0273"></a> bhijjati. Setughātaviratiyā pana bhedo nāma natthi, bhavantarepi hi ariyasāvako jīvitahetupi neva pāṇaṃ hanati na suraṃ pivati. Sacepissa surañca khīrañca missetvā mukhe pakkhipanti, khīrameva pavisati, na surā. Yathā kiṃ? Koñcasakuṇānaṃ khīramissake udake khīrameva pavisati? Na udakaṃ. Idaṃ yonisiddhanti ce, idaṃ dhammatāsiddhanti ca veditabbaṃ. Yasmā pana saraṇagamane diṭṭhiujukakaraṇaṃ nāma bhāriyaṃ. Sikkhāpadasamādāne pana viratimattakameva. Tasmā etaṃ yathā vā tathā vā gaṇhantassāpi sādhukaṃ gaṇhantassāpi appaṭṭhatarañca appasamārambhatarañca. Pañcasīlasadisassa pana dānassa abhāvato ettha mahapphalatā mahānisaṃsatā ca veditabbā. Vuttañhetaṃ –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Pañcimāni<a name="P1.0306"></a>, bhikkhave, dānāni mahādānāni aggaññāni rattaññāni vaṃsaññāni porāṇāni asaṃkiṇṇāni asaṃkiṇṇapubbāni na saṅkiyanti na saṅkiyissanti appaṭikuṭṭhāni samaṇehi brāhmaṇehi viññūhi. Katamāni pañca? Idha, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako pāṇātipātaṃ pahāya pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti. Pāṇātipātā paṭivirato, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako aparimāṇānaṃ sattānaṃ abhayaṃ deti, averaṃ deti abyāpajjhaṃ deti. Aparimāṇānaṃ sattānaṃ abhayaṃ datvā averaṃ datvā abyāpajjhaṃ datvā aparimāṇassa abhayassa averassa abyāpajjhassa bhāgī hoti. Idaṃ, bhikkhave, paṭhamaṃ dānaṃ mahādānaṃ…pe… viññūhīti.</p>
<p class="indent">Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako adinnādānaṃ pahāya…pe… kāmesumicchācāraṃ <a name="V1.0247"></a> pahāya…pe… musāvādaṃ pahāya…pe… surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānaṃ pahāya…pe… imāni kho, bhikkhave, pañca dānāni mahādānāni aggaññāni…pe… viññūhī’’ti (a. ni. 8.39).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idañca pana sīlapañcakaṃ – ‘‘attasinehañca jīvitasinehañca pariccajitvā rakkhissāmī’’ti samādinnatāya yaññoti vuccati. Tattha kiñcāpi pañcasīlato saraṇagamanameva jeṭṭhakaṃ, idaṃ pana saraṇagamaneyeva patiṭṭhāya rakkhitasīlavasena mahapphalanti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para353"></a><a name="para353_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">353</span>. Idampi <a name="M1.0274"></a> sutvā brāhmaṇo cintesi – ‘‘pañcasīlaṃ nāma rakkhituṃ garukaṃ, atthi nu kho aññaṃ kiñci īdisameva hutvā ito appaṭṭhatarañca mahapphalatarañcā’’ti. Tato taṃ pucchanto punapi – ‘‘atthi pana, bho gotamā’’tiādimāha. Athassa bhagavā tividhasīlapāripūriyaṃ ṭhitassa paṭhamajjhānādīnaṃ yaññānaṃ appaṭṭhatarañca mahapphalatarañca dassetukāmo buddhuppādato paṭṭhāya desanaṃ ārabhanto ‘‘idha brāhmaṇā’’tiādimāha. Tattha yasmā heṭṭhā vuttehi guṇehi samannāgato paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ, paṭhamajjhānādīsu ṭhito dutiyajjhānādīni nibbattento na kilamati, tasmā tāni appaṭṭhāni appasamārambhāni. Yasmā panettha paṭhamajjhānaṃ ekaṃ kappaṃ brahmaloke āyuṃ deti. Dutiyaṃ aṭṭhakappe. Tatiyaṃ catusaṭṭhikappe. Catutthaṃ pañcakappasatāni. Tadeva ākāsānañcāyatanādisamāpattivasena <a name="P1.0307"></a> bhāvitaṃ vīsati, cattālīsaṃ, saṭṭhi, caturāsīti ca kappasahassāni āyuṃ deti; tasmā mahapphalatarañca mahānisaṃsatarañca. Nīvaraṇādīnaṃ pana paccanīkānaṃ dhammānaṃ pariccattattā taṃ yaññanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vipassanāñāṇampi yasmā catutthajjhānapariyosānesu guṇesu patiṭṭhāya nibbattento na kilamati, tasmā appaṭṭhaṃ appasamārambhaṃ; vipassanāsukhasadisassa pana sukhassa abhāvā mahapphalaṃ. Paccanīkakilesapariccāgato yaññoti. Manomayiddhipi yasmā vipassanāñāṇe patiṭṭhāya nibbattento na kilamati, tasmā appaṭṭhā appasamārambhā; attano sadisarūpanimmānasamatthatāya mahapphalā. Attano paccanīkakilesapariccāgato yañño. Iddhividhañāṇādīnipi yasmā manomayañāṇādīsu patiṭṭhāya nibbattento na kilamati, tasmā appaṭṭhāni appasamārambhāni, attano attano paccanīkakilesappahānato yañño. Iddhividhaṃ panettha nānāvidhavikubbanadassanasamatthatāya. Dibbasotaṃ devamanussānaṃ saddasavanasamatthatāya; cetopariyañāṇaṃ <a name="V1.0248"></a> paresaṃ soḷasavidhacittajānanasamatthatāya; pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇaṃ icchiticchitaṭṭhānasamanussaraṇasamatthatāya; dibbacakkhu icchiticchitarūpadassanasamatthatāya; āsavakkhayañāṇaṃ atipaṇītalokuttaramaggasukhanipphādanasamatthatāya mahapphalanti veditabbaṃ. Yasmā pana arahattato visiṭṭhataro añño yañño nāma natthi, tasmā arahattanikūṭeneva desanaṃ samāpento – ‘‘ayampi kho, brāhmaṇā’’tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="subhead">Kūṭadantaupāsakattapaṭivedanāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para354-358"></a><a name="para354-358_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">354-358</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="M1.0275"></a> <span class="bld">vutte</span>ti evaṃ bhagavatā vutte desanāya pasīditvā saraṇaṃ gantukāmo kūṭadanto brāhmaṇo – ‘etaṃ abhikkantaṃ bho, gotamā’tiādikaṃ vacanaṃ avoca. <span class="bld">Upavāyatū</span>ti upagantvā sarīradarathaṃ nibbāpento tanusītalo vāto vāyatūti. Idañca pana vatvā brāhmaṇo purisaṃ pesesi – ‘‘gaccha, tāta, yaññavāṭaṃ pavisitvā sabbe te pāṇayo bandhanā mocehī’’ti. So ‘‘sādhū’’ti paṭissuṇitvā tathā katvā āgantvā ‘‘muttā bho, te pāṇayo’’ti ārocesi. Yāva <a name="P1.0308"></a> brāhmaṇo taṃ pavattiṃ na suṇi, na tāva bhagavā dhammaṃ desesi. Kasmā? ‘‘Brāhmaṇassa citte ākulabhāvo atthī’’ti. Sutvā panassa ‘‘bahū vata me pāṇā mocitā’’ti cittacāro vippasīdati. Bhagavā tassa vippasannamanataṃ ñatvā dhammadesanaṃ ārabhi. Taṃ sandhāya – ‘‘atha kho bhagavā’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Puna ‘kallacitta’ntiādi ānupubbikathānubhāvena vikkhambhitanīvaraṇataṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Sesaṃ uttānatthamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti sumaṅgalavilāsiniyā dīghanikāyaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</p>
<p class="centered">Kūṭadantasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter"><a name="dn1_6"></a>6. Mahālisuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">Brāhmaṇadūtavatthuvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para359"></a><a name="para359_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">359</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="P1.0309"></a><a name="V1.0249"></a><a name="M1.0276"></a> <span class="bld">me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā vesāliya</span>nti mahālisuttaṃ. Tatrāyaṃ apubbapadavaṇṇanā. <span class="bld">Vesāliya</span>nti punappunaṃ visālabhāvūpagamanato vesālīti laddhanāmake nagare. <span class="bld">Mahāvane</span>ti bahinagare himavantena saddhiṃ ekābaddhaṃ hutvā ṭhitaṃ sayaṃ jātavanaṃ atthi, yaṃ mahantabhāveneva mahāvananti vuccati, tasmiṃ mahāvane. <span class="bld">Kūṭāgārasālāya</span>nti tasmiṃ vanasaṇḍe saṅghārāmaṃ patiṭṭhapesuṃ. Tattha kaṇṇikaṃ yojetvā thambhānaṃ upari kūṭāgārasālāsaṅkhepena devavimānasadisaṃ pāsādaṃ akaṃsu, taṃ upādāya sakalopi saṅghārāmo ‘‘kūṭāgārasālā’’ti paññāyittha. Bhagavā taṃ vesāliṃ upanissāya tasmiṃ saṅghārāme viharati. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘vesāliyaṃ viharati mahāvane kūṭāgārasālāya’’nti. <span class="bld">Kosalakā</span>ti kosalaraṭṭhavāsino. <span class="bld">Māgadhakā</span>ti magadharaṭṭhavāsino. <span class="bld">Karaṇīyenā</span>ti avassaṃ kattabbakammena. Yañhi akātumpi vaṭṭati, taṃ kiccanti vuccati, yaṃ avassaṃ kātabbameva, taṃ karaṇīyaṃ nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para360"></a><a name="para360_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">360</span>. <span class="bld">Paṭisallīno bhagavā</span>ti nānārammaṇacārato paṭikkamma sallīno nilīno, ekībhāvaṃ upagamma ekattārammaṇe jhānaratiṃ anubhavatīti attho. <span class="bld">Tatthevā</span>ti tasmiññeva vihāre. <span class="bld">Ekamanta</span>nti <a name="P1.0310"></a> tasmā ṭhānā apakkamma tāsu tāsu rukkhacchāyāsu nisīdiṃsu.</p>
<p class="subhead">Oṭṭhaddhalicchavīvatthuvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para361"></a><a name="para361_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">361</span>. <span class="bld">Oṭṭhaddho</span>ti addhoṭṭhatāya evaṃladdhanāmo. <span class="bld">Mahatiyā licchavīparisāyā</span>ti purebhattaṃ buddhappamukhassa bhikkhusaṅghassa dānaṃ datvā bhagavato santike uposathaṅgāni adhiṭṭhahitvā gandhamālādīni gāhāpetvā ugghosanāya mahatiṃ licchavirājaparisaṃ sannipātāpetvā tāya nīlapītādivaṇṇavatthābharaṇavilepanapaṭimaṇḍitāya <a name="V1.0250"></a> tāvatiṃsaparisasappaṭibhāgāya mahatiyā licchaviparisāya saddhiṃ upasaṅkami. <span class="bld">Akālo kho mahālī</span>ti <a name="M1.0277"></a> tassa oṭṭhaddhassa mahālīti mūlanāmaṃ, tena mūlanāmamattena naṃ thero mahālīti ālapati. <span class="bld">Ekamantaṃ nisīdī</span>ti patirūpāsu rukkhacchāyāsu tāya licchaviparisāya saddhiṃ ratanattayassa vaṇṇaṃ kathayanto nisīdi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para362"></a><a name="para362_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">362</span>. <span class="bld">Sīho samaṇuddeso</span>ti āyasmato nāgitassa bhāgineyyo sattavassakāle pabbajitvā sāsane yuttapayutto ‘‘sīho’’ti evaṃnāmako sāmaṇero, so kira taṃ mahāparisaṃ disvā – ‘‘ayaṃ parisā mahatī, sakalaṃ vihāraṃ pūretvā nisinnā, addhā bhagavā ajja imissā parisāya mahantena ussāhena dhammaṃ desessati, yaṃnūnāhaṃ upajjhāyassācikkhitvā bhagavato mahāparisāya sannipatitabhāvaṃ ārocāpeyya’’nti cintetvā yenāyasmā nāgito tenupasaṅkami. <span class="bld">Bhante kassapā</span>ti theraṃ gottena ālapati. <span class="bld">Esā janatā</span>ti eso janasamūho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tvaññeva bhagavato ārocehī</span>ti sīho kira bhagavato vissāsiko, ayañhi thero thūlasarīro, tenassa sarīragarutāya uṭṭhānanisajjādīsu ālasiyabhāvo īsakaṃ appahīno viya hoti. Athāyaṃ sāmaṇero bhagavato kālena kālaṃ vattaṃ karoti. Tena naṃ thero ‘‘tvampi dasabalassa vissāsiko’’ti vatvā gaccha tvaññevārocehīti āha. <span class="bld">Vihārapacchāyāya</span>nti vihārachāyāyaṃ, kūṭāgāramahāgehacchāyāya pharitokāseti attho. Sā kira kūṭāgārasālā dakkhiṇuttarato <a name="P1.0311"></a> dīghā pācīnamukhā, tenassā purato mahatī chāyā patthaṭā hoti, sīho tattha bhagavato āsanaṃ paññapesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para363"></a><a name="para363_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">363</span>. Atha kho bhagavā dvārantarehi ceva vātapānantarehi ca nikkhamitvā vidhāvantāhi vippharantīhi chabbaṇṇāhi buddharasmīhi saṃsūcitanikkhamano valāhakantarato puṇṇacando viya kūṭāgārasālato nikkhamitvā paññattavarabuddhāsane nisīdi. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘atha kho bhagavā vihārā nikkhamma vihārapacchāyāya paññatte āsane nisīdī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para364-365"></a><a name="para364-365_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">364-365</span>. <span class="bld">Purimāni</span><a name="M1.0278"></a>, <span class="bld">bhante, divasāni purimatarānī</span>ti ettha hiyyo divasaṃ purimaṃ nāma, tato paraṃ purimataraṃ. Tato paṭṭhāya pana sabbāni purimāni ceva purimatarāni ca honti. <span class="bld">Yadagge</span>ti mūladivasato paṭṭhāya yaṃ divasaṃ aggaṃ parakoṭiṃ katvā viharāmīti attho, yāva vihāsinti vuttaṃ hoti. Idāni tassa parimāṇaṃ dassento ‘‘naciraṃ tīṇi vassānī’’ti āha. Atha vā <span class="bld">yadagge</span>ti yaṃ divasaṃ aggaṃ katvā naciraṃ tīṇi vassāni viharāmītipi attho<a name="V1.0251"></a>. Yaṃ divasaṃ ādiṃ katvā naciraṃ vihāsiṃ tīṇiyeva vassānīti vuttaṃ hoti. Ayaṃ kira bhagavato pattacīvaraṃ gaṇhanto tīṇi saṃvaccharāni bhagavantaṃ upaṭṭhāsi, taṃ sandhāya evaṃ vadati. <span class="bld">Piyarūpānī</span>ti piyajātikāni sātajātikāni. <span class="bld">Kāmūpasaṃhitānī</span>ti kāmassādayuttāni. <span class="bld">Rajanīyānī</span>ti rāgajanakāni. <span class="bld">No ca kho dibbāni saddānī</span>ti kasmā sunakkhatto tāni na suṇāti? So kira bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamitvā dibbacakkhuparikammaṃ yāci, tassa bhagavā ācikkhi, so yathānusiṭṭhaṃ paṭipanno dibbacakkhuṃ uppādetvā devatānaṃ rūpāni disvā cintesi ‘‘imasmiṃ sarīrasaṇṭhāne saddena madhurena bhavitabbaṃ, kathaṃ nu kho naṃ suṇeyya’’nti bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamitvā dibbasotaparikammaṃ pucchi. Ayañca atīte ekaṃ sīlavantaṃ bhikkhuṃ kaṇṇasakkhaliyaṃ paharitvā <a name="P1.0312"></a> badhiramakāsi. Tasmā parikammaṃ karontopi abhabbo dibbasotādhigamāya. Tenassa na bhagavā parikammaṃ kathesi. So ettāvatā bhagavati āghātaṃ bandhitvā cintesi – ‘‘addhā samaṇassa gotamassa evaṃ hoti – ‘ahampi khattiyo ayampi khattiyo, sacassa ñāṇaṃ vaḍḍhissati, ayampi sabbaññū bhavissatī’ti usūyāya mayhaṃ na kathesī’’ti. So anukkamena gihibhāvaṃ patvā tamatthaṃ mahālilicchavino kathento evamāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para366-371"></a><a name="para366-371_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">366-371</span>. <span class="bld">Ekaṃsabhāvito</span>ti ekaṃsāya ekakoṭṭhāsāya bhāvito, dibbānaṃ vā rūpānaṃ dassanatthāya dibbānaṃ vā saddānaṃ savanatthāya bhāvitoti attho. <span class="bld">Tiriya</span>nti anudisāya. <span class="bld">Ubhayaṃsabhāvito</span>ti ubhayaṃsāya ubhayakoṭṭhāsāya bhāvitoti attho. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ kho mahāli hetū</span>ti ayaṃ dibbānaṃyeva rūpānaṃ dassanāya ekaṃsabhāvito samādhi hetu. Imamatthaṃ sutvā so licchavī cintesi – ‘‘idaṃ dibbasotena saddasuṇanaṃ imasmiṃ sāsane uttamatthabhūtaṃ maññe imassa nūna atthāya ete <a name="M1.0279"></a> bhikkhū paññāsampi saṭṭhipi vassāni apaṇṇakaṃ brahmacariyaṃ caranti, yaṃnūnāhaṃ dasabalaṃ etamatthaṃ puccheyya’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para372"></a><a name="para372_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">372</span>. Tato tamatthaṃ pucchanto ‘‘etāsaṃ nūna, bhante’’tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Samādhibhāvanāna</span>nti ettha samādhiyeva samādhibhāvanā, ubhayaṃsabhāvitānaṃ samādhīnanti attho. Atha yasmā sāsanato bāhirā etā samādhibhāvanā, na ajjhattikā. Tasmā tā paṭikkhipitvā yadatthaṃ bhikkhū brahmacariyaṃ caranti, taṃ dassento bhagavā ‘‘na kho mahālī’’tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="subhead">Catuariyaphalavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para373"></a><a name="para373_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">373</span>. <span class="bld">Tiṇṇaṃ</span> <a name="V1.0252"></a> <span class="bld">saṃyojanāna</span>nti sakkāyadiṭṭhiādīnaṃ tiṇṇaṃ bandhanānaṃ. Tāni hi vaṭṭadukkhamaye rathe satte saṃyojenti, tasmā saṃyojanānīti vuccanti. <span class="bld">Sotāpanno</span> <a name="P1.0313"></a> <span class="bld">hotī</span>ti maggasotaṃ āpanno hoti. <span class="bld">Avinipātadhammo</span>ti catūsu apāyesu apatanadhammo. <span class="bld">Niyato</span>ti dhammaniyāmena niyato. <span class="bld">Sambodhiparāyaṇo</span>ti uparimaggattayasaṅkhātā sambodhi paraṃ ayanaṃ assa, anena vā pattabbāti sambodhiparāyaṇo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tanuttā</span>ti pariyuṭṭhānamandatāya ca kadāci karahaci uppattiyā ca tanubhāvā. <span class="bld">Orambhāgiyāna</span>nti heṭṭhābhāgiyānaṃ, ye hi baddho upari suddhāvāsabhūmiyaṃ nibbattituṃ na sakkoti. <span class="bld">Opapātiko</span>ti sesayonipaṭikkhepavacanametaṃ. <span class="bld">Tattha parinibbāyī</span>ti tasmiṃ uparibhaveyeva parinibbānadhammo. <span class="bld">Anāvattidhammo</span>ti tato brahmalokā puna paṭisandhivasena anāvattanadhammo. <span class="bld">Cetovimutti</span>nti cittavisuddhiṃ, sabbakilesabandhanavimuttassa arahattaphalacittassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Paññāvimutti</span>nti etthāpi sabbakilesabandhanavimuttā arahattaphalapaññāva paññāvimuttīti veditabbā. <span class="bld">Diṭṭheva dhamme</span>ti imasmiṃyeva attabhāve. <span class="bld">Saya</span>nti sāmaṃ. <span class="bld">Abhiññā</span>ti abhijānitvā. <span class="bld">Sacchikatvā</span>ti paccakkhaṃ katvā. Atha vā <span class="bld">abhiññā sacchikatvā</span>ti abhiññāya abhivisiṭṭhena ñāṇena sacchikaritvātipi attho. <span class="bld">Upasampajjā</span>ti patvā paṭilabhitvā. Idaṃ sutvā licchavirājā cintesi – ‘‘ayaṃ pana dhammo na sakuṇena viya uppatitvā, nāpi godhāya viya urena gantvā sakkā paṭivijjhituṃ<a name="M1.0280"></a>, addhā pana imaṃ paṭivijjhantassa pubbabhāgappaṭipadāya bhavitabbaṃ, pucchāmi tāva na’’nti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Ariyaaṭṭhaṅgikamaggavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para374-375"></a><a name="para374-375_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">374-375</span>. Tato bhagavantaṃ pucchanto ‘‘atthi pana bhante’’tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhaṅgiko</span>ti pañcaṅgikaṃ turiyaṃ viya aṭṭhaṅgiko gāmo viya ca aṭṭhaṅgamattoyeva hutvā aṭṭhaṅgiko, na aṅgato añño maggo nāma atthi. Tenevāha – <span class="bld">‘‘seyyathidaṃ, sammādiṭṭhi…pe… sammāsamādhī’’</span>ti. Tattha <a name="P1.0314"></a> sammādassanalakkhaṇā <span class="bld">sammādiṭṭhi.</span> Sammā abhiniropanalakkhaṇo <span class="bld">sammāsaṅkappo.</span> Sammā pariggahaṇalakkhaṇā <span class="bld">sammāvācā.</span> Sammā samuṭṭhāpanalakkhaṇo <span class="bld">sammākammanto.</span> Sammā vodāpanalakkhaṇo <span class="bld">sammāājīvo. </span> Sammā paggahalakkhaṇo <span class="bld">sammāvāyāmo.</span> Sammā upaṭṭhānalakkhaṇā <span class="bld">sammāsati.</span> Sammā samādhānalakkhaṇo <span class="bld">sammāsamādhi.</span> Etesu ekekassa tīṇi tīṇi <a name="V1.0253"></a> kiccāni honti. Seyyathidaṃ, sammādiṭṭhi tāva aññehipi attano paccanīkakilesehi saddhiṃ micchādiṭṭhiṃ pajahati, nirodhaṃ ārammaṇaṃ karoti, sampayuttadhamme ca passati tappaṭicchādakamohavidhamanavasena asammohato. Sammāsaṅkappādayopi tatheva micchāsaṅkappādīni pajahanti, nirodhañca ārammaṇaṃ karonti, visesato panettha sammāsaṅkappo sahajātadhamme abhiniropeti. Sammāvācā sammā pariggaṇhati. Sammākammanto sammā samuṭṭhāpeti. Sammāājīvo sammā vodāpeti. Sammāvāyāmo sammā paggaṇhati. Sammāsati sammā upaṭṭhāpeti. Sammāsamādhi sammā padahati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Api cesā sammādiṭṭhi nāma pubbabhāge nānākkhaṇā nānārammaṇā hoti, maggakkhaṇe ekakkhaṇā ekārammaṇā. Kiccato pana ‘‘dukkhe ñāṇa’’ntiādīni cattāri nāmāni labhati. Sammāsaṅkappādayopi pubbabhāge nānākkhaṇā nānārammaṇā honti. Maggakkhaṇe ekakkhaṇā ekārammaṇā. Tesu sammāsaṅkappo kiccato ‘‘nekkhammasaṅkappo’’tiādīni tīṇi nāmāni labhati. Sammā vācādayo tisso viratiyopi honti, cetanādayopi honti, maggakkhaṇe pana viratiyeva. Sammāvāyāmo sammāsatīti idampi dvayaṃ kiccato sammappadhānasatipaṭṭhānavasena cattāri nāmāni labhati. Sammāsamādhi pana pubbabhāgepi maggakkhaṇepi sammāsamādhiyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Iti <a name="M1.0281"></a> imesu aṭṭhasu dhammesu bhagavatā nibbānādhigamāya paṭipannassa yogino bahukārattā paṭhamaṃ sammādiṭṭhi desitā. Ayañhi ‘‘paññāpajjoto paññāsattha’’nti (dha. sa. 20) ca vuttā. Tasmā etāya pubbabhāge vipassanāñāṇasaṅkhātāya sammādiṭṭhiyā avijjandhakāraṃ vidhamitvā kilesacore ghātento khemena <a name="P1.0315"></a> yogāvacaro nibbānaṃ pāpuṇāti. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘nibbānādhigamāya paṭipannassa yogino bahukārattā paṭhamaṃ sammādiṭṭhi desitā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sammāsaṅkappo pana tassā bahukāro, tasmā tadanantaraṃ vutto. Yathā hi heraññiko hatthena parivaṭṭetvā parivaṭṭetvā cakkhunā kahāpaṇaṃ olokento – ‘‘ayaṃ cheko, ayaṃ kūṭo’’ti jānāti. Evaṃ yogāvacaropi pubbabhāge vitakkena vitakketvā vipassanāpaññāya olokayamāno – ‘‘ime dhammā kāmāvacarā, ime dhammā rūpāvacarādayo’’ti pajānāti. Yathā vā pana purisena koṭiyaṃ gahetvā parivaṭṭetvā parivaṭṭetvā dinnaṃ mahārukkhaṃ tacchako vāsiyā tacchetvā kamme upaneti, evaṃ vitakkena vitakketvā vitakketvā dinne dhamme yogāvacaro paññāya – ‘‘ime kāmāvacarā, ime rūpāvacarā’’tiādinā nayena paricchinditvā kamme upaneti<a name="V1.0254"></a>. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘sammāsaṅkappo pana tassā bahukāro, tasmā tadanantaraṃ vutto’’ti. Svāyaṃ yathā sammādiṭṭhiyā evaṃ sammāvācāyapi upakārako. Yathāha – ‘‘pubbe kho, visākha, vitakketvā vicāretvā pacchā vācaṃ bhindatī’’ti, (ma. ni. 1.463) tasmā tadanantaraṃ sammāvācā vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā pana – ‘‘idañcidañca karissāmā’’ti paṭhamaṃ vācāya saṃvidahitvā loke kammante payojenti; tasmā vācā kāyakammassa upakārikāti sammāvācāya anantaraṃ sammākammanto vutto. Catubbidhaṃ pana vacīduccaritaṃ, tividhañca kāyaduccaritaṃ pahāya ubhayaṃ sucaritaṃ pūrentasseva yasmā ājīvaṭṭhamakaṃ sīlaṃ pūreti, na itarassa, tasmā tadubhayānantaraṃ sammāājīvo vutto. Evaṃ visuddhājīvena pana ‘‘parisuddho me ājīvo’’ti ettāvatā ca paritosaṃ katvā suttapamattena viharituṃ na yuttaṃ, atha kho ‘‘sabbiriyāpathesu idaṃ vīriyaṃ samārabhitabba’’nti dassetuṃ tadanantaraṃ sammāvāyāmo vutto. Tato ‘‘āraddhavīriyenapi kāyādīsu catūsu vatthūsu <a name="M1.0282"></a> sati sūpaṭṭhitā kātabbā’’ti dassanatthaṃ tadanantaraṃ sammāsati <a name="P1.0316"></a> desitā. Yasmā panevaṃ sūpaṭṭhitā sati samādhissupakārānupakārānaṃ dhammānaṃ gatiyo samannesitvā pahoti ekattārammaṇe cittaṃ samādhātuṃ, tasmā sammāsatiyā anantaraṃ sammāsamādhi desitoti veditabbo. <span class="bld">Etesaṃ dhammānaṃ sacchikiriyāyā</span>ti etesaṃ sotāpattiphalādīnaṃ paccakkhakiriyatthāya.</p>
<p class="subhead">Dve pabbajitavatthuvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para376-377"></a><a name="para376-377_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">376-377</span>. <span class="bld">Ekamidāha</span>nti idaṃ kasmā āraddhaṃ? Ayaṃ kira rājā – ‘‘rūpaṃ attā’’ti evaṃladdhiko, tenassa desanāya cittaṃ nādhimuccati. Atha bhagavatā tassa laddhiyā āvikaraṇatthaṃ ekaṃ kāraṇaṃ āharituṃ idamāraddhaṃ. Tatrāyaṃ saṅkhepattho – ‘‘ahaṃ ekaṃ samayaṃ ghositārāme viharāmi, tatra vasantaṃ maṃ te dve pabbajitā evaṃ pucchiṃsu. Athāhaṃ tesaṃ buddhuppādaṃ dassetvā tantidhammaṃ nāma kathento idamavocaṃ – ‘‘āvuso, saddhāsampanno nāma kulaputto evarūpassa satthu sāsane pabbajito, evaṃ tividhaṃ sīlaṃ pūretvā paṭhamajjhānādīni patvā ṭhito ‘taṃ jīva’ntiādīni vadeyya, yuttaṃ nu kho etamassā’’ti? Tato tehi ‘‘yutta’’nti vutte ‘‘ahaṃ kho panetaṃ, āvuso, evaṃ jānāmi, evaṃ passāmi, atha ca panāhaṃ na vadāmī’’ti taṃ vādaṃ paṭikkhipitvā uttari khīṇāsavaṃ dassetvā ‘‘imassa evaṃ vattuṃ na yutta’’nti avocaṃ. Te mama vacanaṃ sutvā attamanā ahesunti. Evaṃ vutte sopi attamano ahosi<a name="V1.0255"></a>. Tenāha – ‘‘idamavoca bhagavā. Attamano oṭṭhaddho licchavī bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandī’’ti.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti sumaṅgalavilāsiniyā dīghanikāyaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</p>
<p class="centered">Mahālisuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter"><a name="dn1_7"></a>7. Jāliyasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">Dve pabbajitavatthuvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para378"></a><a name="para378_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">378</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="P1.0317"></a><a name="M1.0283"></a><a name="V1.0256"></a> <span class="bld">me sutaṃ…pe… kosambiya</span>nti jāliyasuttaṃ. Tatrāyaṃ apubbapadavaṇṇanā. <span class="bld">Ghositārāme</span>ti ghositena seṭṭhinā kate ārāme. Pubbe kira allakapparaṭṭhaṃ nāma ahosi. Tato kotūhaliko nāma daliddo chātakabhayena saputtadāro avantiraṭṭhaṃ gacchanto puttaṃ vahituṃ asakkonto chaḍḍetvā agamāsi, mātā nivattitvā taṃ gahetvā gatā, te ekaṃ gopālakagāmaṃ pavisiṃsu. Gopālakena ca tadā bahupāyāso paṭiyatto hoti, te tato pāyāsaṃ labhitvā bhuñjiṃsu. Atha so puriso balavapāyāsaṃ bhutto jīrāpetuṃ asakkonto rattibhāge kālaṃ katvā tattheva sunakhiyā kucchismiṃ paṭisandhiṃ gahetvā kukkuro jāto, so gopālakassa piyo ahosi. Gopālako ca paccekabuddhaṃ upaṭṭhahati. Paccekabuddhopi bhattakiccapariyosāne kukkurassa ekekaṃ piṇḍaṃ deti, so paccekabuddhe sinehaṃ uppādetvā gopālakena saddhiṃ paṇṇasālampi gacchati. Gopālake asannihite bhattavelāyaṃ sayameva gantvā kālārocanatthaṃ paṇṇasāladvāre bhussati, antarāmaggepi caṇḍamige disvā bhussitvā palāpeti. So paccekabuddhe mudukena cittena kālaṃkatvā devaloke nibbatti<a name="P1.0318"></a>. Tatrassa ghosakadevaputto tveva nāmaṃ ahosi. So devalokato cavitvā kosambiyaṃ ekassa kulassa ghare nibbatti. Taṃ aputtako seṭṭhi tassa mātāpitūnaṃ dhanaṃ datvā puttaṃ katvā aggahesi. Atha attano putte jāte sattakkhattuṃ ghātāpetuṃ upakkami. So puññavantatāya sattasupi ṭhānesu maraṇaṃ appatvā avasāne ekāya seṭṭhidhītāya veyyattiyena laddhajīvito aparabhāge pituaccayena seṭṭhiṭṭhānaṃ patvā ghosakaseṭṭhi nāma jāto. Aññepi kosambiyaṃ kukkuṭaseṭṭhi<a name="M1.0284"></a>, pāvāriyaseṭṭhīti dve seṭṭhino atthi, iminā saddhiṃ tayo ahesuṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tena ca samayena himavantato pañcasatatāpasā sarīrasantappanatthaṃ antarantarākosambiṃ āgacchanti<a name="V1.0257"></a>, tesaṃ ete tayo seṭṭhī attano attano uyyānesu paṇṇakuṭiyo katvā upaṭṭhānaṃ karonti. Athekadivasaṃ te tāpasā himavantato āgacchantā mahākantāre tasitā kilantā ekaṃ mahantaṃ vaṭarukkhaṃ patvā tattha adhivatthāya devatāya santikā saṅgahaṃ paccāsisantā nisīdiṃsu. Devatā sabbālaṅkāravibhūsitaṃ hatthaṃ pasāretvā tesaṃ pānīyapānakādīni datvā kilamathaṃ paṭivinodesi, ete devatāyānubhāvena vimhitā pucchiṃsu – ‘‘kiṃ nu kho, devate, kammaṃ katvā tayā ayaṃ sampatti laddhā’’ti? Devatā āha – ‘‘loke buddho nāma bhagavā uppanno, so etarahi sāvatthiyaṃ viharati, anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati taṃ upaṭṭhahati. So uposathadivasesu attano bhatakānaṃ pakatibhattavetanameva datvā uposathaṃ kārāpesi. Athāhaṃ ekadivasaṃ majjhanhike pātarāsatthāya āgato kañci bhatakakammaṃ akarontaṃ disvā – ‘ajja manussā kasmā kammaṃ na karontī’ti pucchiṃ. Tassa me tamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Athāhaṃ etadavocaṃ – ‘idāni upaḍḍhadivaso gato, sakkā nu kho upaḍḍhuposathaṃ kātu’nti. Tato seṭṭhissa paṭivedetvā ‘‘sakkā kātu’’nti āha. Svāhaṃ upaḍḍhadivasaṃ upaḍḍhuposathaṃ samādiyitvā tadaheva kālaṃ katvā imaṃ sampattiṃ paṭilabhi’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha te tāpasā ‘‘buddho kira uppanno’’ti sañjātapītipāmojjā tatova sāvatthiṃ gantukāmā hutvāpi – ‘‘bahukārā no upaṭṭhākaseṭṭhino tesampi imamatthamārocessāmā’’ti <a name="P1.0319"></a> kosambiṃ gantvā seṭṭhīhi katasakkārabahumānā ‘‘tadaheva mayaṃ gacchāmā’’ti āhaṃsu. ‘‘Kiṃ, bhante, turitāttha, nanu tumhe pubbe cattāro pañca māse vasitvā gacchathā’’ti ca vutte taṃ pavattiṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Tena hi, bhante, saheva gacchāmā’’ti ca vutte ‘‘gacchāma mayaṃ, tumhe saṇikaṃ āgacchathā’’ti sāvatthiṃ gantvā bhagavato santike pabbajitvā arahattaṃ pāpuṇiṃsu. Tepi seṭṭhino pañcasatapañcasatasakaṭaparivārā <a name="M1.0285"></a> sāvatthiṃ gantvā dānādīni datvā kosambiṃ āgamanatthāya bhagavantaṃ yācitvā paccāgamma tayo vihāre kāresuṃ. Tesu kukkuṭaseṭṭhinā kato kukkuṭārāmo nāma, pāvāriyaseṭṭhinā kato pāvārikambavanaṃ nāma, ghositaseṭṭhinā kato ghositārāmo nāma ahosi. Taṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ – ‘‘kosambiyaṃ viharati ghositārāme’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Muṇḍiyo</span>ti idaṃ tassa nāmaṃ. <span class="bld">Jāliyo</span>ti idampi itarassa nāmameva. Yasmā panassa upajjhāyo dārumayena pattena piṇḍāya carati, tasmā dārupattikantevāsīti vuccati. <span class="bld">Etadavocu</span>nti upārambhādhippāyena vādaṃ āropetukāmā hutvā etadavocuṃ. Iti kira nesaṃ ahosi, sace samaṇo gotamo ‘‘taṃ jīvaṃ taṃ sarīra’’nti vakkhati, athassa mayaṃ etaṃ vādaṃ āropessāma – ‘‘bho gotama, tumhākaṃ laddhiyā idheva satto bhijjati, tena vo vādo ucchedavādo <a name="V1.0258"></a> hotī’’ti. Sace pana ‘‘aññaṃ jīvaṃ aññaṃ sarīra’’nti vakkhati, athassetaṃ vādaṃ āropessāma ‘‘tumhākaṃ vāde rūpaṃ bhijjati, na satto bhijjati. Tena vo vāde satto sassato āpajjatī’’ti. Atha bhagavā ‘‘ime vādāropanatthāya pañhaṃ pucchanti, mama sāsane ime dve ante anupagamma majjhimā paṭipadā atthīti na jānanti, handa nesaṃ pañhaṃ avissajjetvā tassāyeva paṭipadāya āvibhāvatthaṃ dhammaṃ desemī’’ti cintetvā ‘‘tena hāvuso’’tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para379-380"></a><a name="para379-380_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">379-380</span>. Tattha <span class="bld">kallaṃ nu kho tassetaṃ vacanāyā</span>ti tassetaṃ saddhāpabbajitassa tividhaṃ sīlaṃ paripūretvā paṭhamajjhānaṃ <a name="P1.0320"></a> pattassa yuttaṃ nu kho etaṃ vattunti attho. Taṃ sutvā paribbājakā puthujjano nāma yasmā nibbicikiccho na hoti, tasmā kadāci evaṃ vadeyyāti maññamānā – ‘‘kallaṃ tassetaṃ vacanāyā’’ti āhaṃsu. <span class="bld">Atha ca panāhaṃ na vadāmī</span>ti ahaṃ etamevaṃ jānāmi, no ca evaṃ vadāmi, atha kho kasiṇaparikammaṃ katvā bhāventassa paññābalena uppannaṃ mahaggatacittametanti saññaṃ ṭhapesiṃ. <span class="bld">Na</span> <a name="M1.0286"></a> <span class="bld">kallaṃ tasseta</span>nti idaṃ te paribbājakā – ‘‘yasmā khīṇāsavo vigatasammoho tiṇṇavicikiccho, tasmā na yuttaṃ tassetaṃ vattu’’nti maññamānā vadanti. Sesamettha uttānatthamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti sumaṅgalavilāsiniyā dīghanikāyaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</p>
<p class="centered">Jāliyasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter"><a name="dn1_8"></a>8. Mahāsīhanādasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">Acelakassapavatthuvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para381"></a><a name="para381_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">381</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="P2.0349"></a><a name="V1.0259"></a><a name="M1.0287"></a> <span class="bld">me sutaṃ…pe… uruññāyaṃ viharatī</span>ti mahāsīhanādasuttaṃ. Tatrāyaṃ apubbapadavaṇṇanā. <span class="bld">Uruññāya</span>nti uruññāti tassa raṭṭhassapi nagarassapi etadeva nāmaṃ, bhagavā uruññānagaraṃ upanissāya viharati. <span class="bld">Kaṇṇakatthale migadāye</span>ti tassa nagarassa avidūre kaṇṇakatthalaṃ nāma eko ramaṇīyo bhūmibhāgo atthi. So migānaṃ abhayatthāya dinnattā ‘‘migadāyo’’ti vuccati, tasmiṃ kaṇṇakatthale migadāye. <span class="bld">Acelo</span>ti naggaparibbājako. <span class="bld">Kassapo</span>ti tassa nāmaṃ. <span class="bld">Tapassi</span>nti tapanissitakaṃ. <span class="bld">Lūkhājīvi</span>nti acelakamuttācārādivasena lūkho ājīvo assāti lūkhājīvī, taṃ lūkhājīviṃ. <span class="bld">Upakkosatī</span>ti upaṇḍeti. <span class="bld">Upavadatī</span>ti hīḷeti vambheti. <span class="bld">Dhammassa ca anudhammaṃ byākarontī</span>ti bhotā gotamena vuttakāraṇassa anukāraṇaṃ kathenti. <span class="bld">Sahadhammiko vādānuvādo</span>ti parehi vuttakāraṇena sakāraṇo hutvā tumhākaṃ vādo vā anuvādo vā viññūhi garahitabbaṃ, kāraṇaṃ koci appamattakopi kiṃ na āgacchati. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti, ‘‘kiṃ sabbākārenapi tava vāde gārayhaṃ kāraṇaṃ <a name="P2.0350"></a> natthī’’ti. <span class="bld">Anabbhakkhātukāmā</span>ti na abhūtena vattukāmā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para382"></a><a name="para382_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">382</span>. <span class="bld">Ekaccaṃ tapassiṃ lūkhājīvi</span>ntiādīsu idhekacco acelakapabbajjāditapanissitattā tapassī ‘‘lūkhena jīvitaṃ kappessāmī’’ti tiṇagomayādibhakkhanādīhi nānappakārehi attānaṃ kilameti, appapuññatāya ca sukhena jīvitavuttimeva na labhati, so tīṇi duccaritāni pūretvā niraye nibbattati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparo tādisaṃ tapanissitopi puññavā hoti, labhati lābhasakkāraṃ. So ‘‘na dāni mayā sadiso atthī’’ti attānaṃ ucce ṭhāne sambhāvetvā ‘‘bhiyyosomattāya lābhaṃ uppādessāmī’’ti <a name="V1.0260"></a> anesanavasena tīṇi duccaritāni pūretvā niraye nibbattati. Ime dve sandhāya paṭhamanayo vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparo tapanissitako lūkhājīvī appapuñño hoti, na labhati sukhena jīvitavuttiṃ. So ‘‘mayhaṃ pubbepi akatapuññatāya sukhajīvikā nuppajjati<a name="M1.0288"></a>, handadāni puññāni karomī’’ti tīṇi sucaritāni pūretvā sagge nibbattati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparo lūkhājīvī puññavā hoti, labhati sukhena jīvitavuttiṃ. So – ‘‘mayhaṃ pubbepi katapuññatāya sukhajīvikā uppajjatī’’ti cintetvā anesanaṃ pahāya tīṇi sucaritāni pūretvā sagge nibbattati. Ime dve sandhāya dutiyanayo vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Eko pana tapassī appadukkhavihārī hoti bāhirakācārayutto tāpaso vā channaparibbājako vā, appapuññatāya ca manāpe paccaye na labhati. So anesanavasena tīṇi duccaritāni pūretvā attānaṃ sukhe ṭhapetvā niraye nibbattati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparo <a name="P2.0351"></a> puññavā hoti, so – ‘‘na dāni mayā sadiso atthī’’ti mānaṃ uppādetvā anesanavasena lābhasakkāraṃ vā uppādento micchādiṭṭhivasena – ‘‘sukho imissā paribbājikāya daharāya mudukāya lomasāya samphasso’’tiādīni cintetvā kāmesu pātabyataṃ vā āpajjanto tīṇi duccaritāni pūretvā niraye nibbattati. Ime dve sandhāya tatiyanayo vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparo pana appadukkhavihārī appapuñño hoti, so – ‘‘ahaṃ pubbepi akatapuññatāya sukhena jīvikaṃ na labhāmī’’ti tīṇi sucaritāni pūretvā sagge nibbattati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparo puññavā hoti, so – ‘‘pubbepāhaṃ katapuññatāya sukhaṃ labhāmi, idāni puññāni karissāmī’’ti tīṇi sucaritāni pūretvā sagge nibbattati. Ime dve sandhāya catutthanayo vutto. Idaṃ titthiyavasena āgataṃ, sāsanepi pana labbhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ekacco hi dhutaṅgasamādānavasena lūkhājīvī hoti, appapuññatāya vā sakalampi gāmaṃ vicaritvā udarapūraṃ na labhati. So – ‘‘paccaye uppādessāmī’’ti vejjakammādivasena vā anesanaṃ <a name="V1.0261"></a> katvā, arahattaṃ vā paṭijānitvā, tīṇi vā kuhanavatthūni paṭisevitvā niraye nibbattati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparo <a name="M1.0289"></a> ca tādisova puññavā hoti. So tāya puññasampattiyā mānaṃ janayitvā uppannaṃ lābhaṃ thāvaraṃ kattukāmo anesanavasena tīṇi duccaritāni pūretvā niraye uppajjati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparo samādinnadhutaṅgo appapuññova hoti, na labhati sukhena jīvitavuttiṃ. So – ‘‘pubbepāhaṃ akatapuññatāya kiñci na labhāmi, sace idāni anesanaṃ karissaṃ, āyatimpi dullabhasukho bhavissāmī’’ti tīṇi sucaritāni pūretvā arahattaṃ pattuṃ asakkonto sagge nibbattati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparo puññavā hoti, so – ‘‘pubbepāhaṃ katapuññatāya etarahi sukhito, idānipi puññaṃ karissāmī’’ti anesanaṃ pahāya tīṇi sucaritāni pūretvā arahattaṃ pattuṃ asakkonto sagge nibbattati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para383"></a><a name="para383_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">383</span>. <span class="bld">Āgatiñcā</span>ti – ‘‘asukaṭṭhānato nāma ime āgatā’’ti evaṃ āgatiñca. <span class="bld">Gatiñcā</span>ti idāni gantabbaṭṭhānañca. <span class="bld">Cutiñcā</span>ti tato cavanañca. <span class="bld">Upapattiñcā</span>ti tato cutānaṃ puna upapattiñca. <span class="bld">Kiṃ sabbaṃ tapaṃ garahissāmī</span>ti – ‘‘kena kāraṇena garahissāmi, garahitabbameva hi mayaṃ garahāma, pasaṃsitabbaṃ pasaṃsāma, na bhaṇḍikaṃ karonto mahārajako viya dhotañca adhotañca ekato karomā’’ti dasseti. Idāni tamatthaṃ pakāsento – ‘‘santi kassapa eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā’’tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para384"></a><a name="para384_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">384</span>. <span class="bld">Yaṃ te ekacca</span>nti pañcavidhaṃ sīlaṃ, tañhi loke na koci ‘‘na sādhū’’ti vadati. Puna <span class="bld">yaṃ te ekacca</span>nti pañcavidhaṃ veraṃ, taṃ na <a name="P2.0352"></a> koci ‘‘sādhū’’ti vadati. Puna <span class="bld">yaṃ te ekacca</span>nti pañcadvāre asaṃvaraṃ, te kira – ‘‘cakkhu nāma na nirundhitabbaṃ, cakkhunā manāpaṃ rūpaṃ daṭṭhabba’’nti vadanti, esa nayo sotādīsu. Puna <span class="bld">yaṃ te ekacca</span>nti pañcadvāre saṃvaraṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ paresaṃ vādena saha attano vādassa samānāsamānataṃ dassetvā idāni attano vādena <a name="V1.0262"></a> saha paresaṃ vādassa samānāsamānataṃ dassento ‘‘yaṃ maya’’ntiādimāha. Tatrāpi pañcasīlādivaseneva attho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="subhead">Samanuyuñjāpanakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para385"></a><a name="para385_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">385</span>. <span class="bld">Samanuyuñjanta</span>nti <a name="M1.0290"></a> samanuyuñjantu, ettha ca laddhiṃ pucchanto samanuyuñjati nāma, kāraṇaṃ pucchanto samanugāhati nāma, ubhayaṃ pucchanto samanubhāsati nāma. <span class="bld">Satthārā vā satthāra</span>nti satthārā vā saddhiṃ satthāraṃ upasaṃharitvā – ‘‘kiṃ te satthā te dhamme sabbaso pahāya vattati, udāhu samaṇo gotamo’’ti. Dutiyapadepi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni tamatthaṃ yojetvā dassento – ‘‘ye imesaṃ bhavata’’ntiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">akusalā akusalasaṅkhātā</span>ti akusalā ceva ‘‘akusalā’’ti ca saṅkhātā ñātā koṭṭhāsaṃ vā katvā ṭhapitāti attho. Esa nayo sabbapadesu. Api cettha <span class="bld">sāvajjā</span>ti sadosā. <span class="bld">Na alamariyā</span>ti niddosaṭṭhena ariyā bhavituṃ nālaṃ asamatthā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para386-392"></a><a name="para386-392_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">386-392</span>. <span class="bld">Yaṃ viññū samanuyuñjantā</span>ti yena viññū amhe ca aññe ca pucchantā evaṃ vadeyyuṃ, taṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati, atthi taṃ kāraṇanti attho. <span class="bld">Yaṃ vā pana bhonto pare gaṇācariyā</span>ti pare pana bhonto gaṇācariyā yaṃ vā taṃ vā appamattakaṃ pahāya vattantīti attho. <span class="bld">Amheva tattha yebhuyyena pasaṃseyyu</span>nti idaṃ bhagavā satthārā satthāraṃ samanuyuñjanepi āha – saṅghena saṃghaṃ samanuyuñjanepi. Kasmā? Saṅghapasaṃsāyapi satthuyeva pasaṃsāsiddhito. Pasīdamānāpi hi buddhasampattiyā saṅghe, saṅghasampattiyā ca buddhe pasīdanti, tathā hi bhagavato sarīrasampattiṃ <a name="P2.0353"></a> disvā, dhammadesanaṃ vā sutvā bhavanti vattāro – ‘‘lābhā vata bho sāvakānaṃ ye evarūpassa satthu santikāvacarā’’ti, evaṃ buddhasampattiyā saṅghe pasīdanti. Bhikkhūnaṃ panācāragocaraṃ abhikkamapaṭikkamādīni ca disvā bhavanti vattāro – ‘‘santikāvacarānaṃ vata bho sāvakānaṃ ayañca upasamaguṇo satthu kīva rūpo bhavissatī’’ti, evaṃ saṅghasampattiyā buddhe pasīdanti. Iti yā satthupasaṃsā, sā saṅghassa. Yā saṅghassa pasaṃsā, sā satthūti saṅghapasaṃsāyapi satthuyeva pasaṃsāsiddhito bhagavā dvīsupi nayesu – <span class="bld">‘‘amheva tattha yebhuyyena pasaṃseyyu’’</span>nti āha. <span class="bld">Samaṇo gotamo ime dhamme anavasesaṃ pahāya vattati, yaṃ vā pana bhonto pare gaṇācariyā</span>tiādīsupi panettha ayamadhippāyo – sampattasamādānasetughātavasena <a name="M1.0291"></a> hi tisso viratiyo. Tāsu sampattasamādāna viratimattameva aññesaṃ hoti, setughātavirati pana sabbena sabbaṃ <a name="V1.0263"></a> natthi. Pañcasu pana tadaṅgavikkhambhanasamucchedapaṭipassaddhinissaraṇappahānesu aṭṭhasamāpattivasena ceva vipassanāmattavasena ca tadaṅgavikkhambhanappahānamattameva aññesaṃ hoti. Itarāni tīṇi pahānāni sabbena sabbaṃ natthi. Tathā sīlasaṃvaro, khantisaṃvaro, ñāṇasaṃvaro, satisaṃvaro, vīriyasaṃvaroti pañca saṃvarā, tesu pañcasīlamattameva adhivāsanakhantimattameva ca aññesaṃ hoti, sesaṃ sabbena sabbaṃ natthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pañca kho panime uposathuddesā, tesu pañcasīlamattameva aññesaṃ hoti. Pātimokkhasaṃvarasīlaṃ sabbena sabbaṃ natthi. Iti akusalappahāne ca kusalasamādāne ca, tīsu viratīsu, pañcasu pahānesu, pañcasu saṃvaresu, pañcasu uddesesu, – ‘‘ahameva ca mayhañca sāvakasaṅgho loke paññāyati, mayā hi sadiso satthā nāma, mayhaṃ sāvakasaṅghena sadiso saṅgho nāma natthī’’ti bhagavā sīhanādaṃ nadati.</p>
<p class="subhead">Ariyaaṭṭhaṅgikamaggavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para393"></a><a name="para393_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">393</span>. Evaṃ sīhanādaṃ <a name="P2.0354"></a> naditvā tassa sīhanādassa aviparītabhāvāvabodhanatthaṃ – ‘‘atthi, kassapa, maggo’’tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">maggo</span>ti lokuttaramaggo. <span class="bld">Paṭipadā</span>ti pubbabhāgapaṭipadā. <span class="bld">Kālavādī</span>tiādīni brahmajāle vaṇṇitāni. Idāni taṃ duvidhaṃ maggañca paṭipadañca ekato katvā dassento – ‘‘ayameva ariyo’’tiādimāha. Idaṃ pana sutvā acelo cintesi – ‘‘samaṇo gotamo mayhaṃyeva maggo ca paṭipadā ca atthi, aññesaṃ natthīti maññati, handassāhaṃ amhākampi maggaṃ kathemī’’ti. Tato acelakapaṭipadaṃ kathesi. Tenāha – ‘‘evaṃ vutte acelo kassapo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca…pe… udakorohanānuyogamanuyutto viharatī’’ti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Tapopakkamakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para394"></a><a name="para394_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">394</span>. Tattha <span class="bld">tapopakkamā</span>ti tapārambhā, tapakammānīti attho. <span class="bld">Sāmaññasaṅkhātā</span>ti samaṇakammasaṅkhātā. <span class="bld">Brahmaññasaṅkhātā</span>ti brāhmaṇakammasaṅkhātā. <span class="bld">Acelako</span>ti niccolo, naggoti attho. <span class="bld">Muttācāro</span>ti visaṭṭhācāro, uccārakammādīsu lokiyakulaputtācārena virahito <a name="M1.0292"></a> ṭhitakova uccāraṃ karoti, passāvaṃ karoti, khādati, bhuñjati ca. <span class="bld">Hatthāpalekhano</span>ti hatthe piṇḍamhi ṭhite jivhāya hatthaṃ apalikhati, uccāraṃ vā katvā hatthasmiññeva daṇḍakasaññī hutvā hatthena apalikhati. ‘‘Bhikkhāgahaṇatthaṃ ehi, bhante’’ti vutto na etīti na <span class="bld">ehibhaddantiko.</span> ‘‘Tena hi <a name="V1.0264"></a> tiṭṭha, bhante’’ti vuttopi na tiṭṭhatīti <span class="bld">natiṭṭhabhaddantiko.</span> Tadubhayampi kira so – ‘‘etassa vacanaṃ kataṃ bhavissatī’’ti na karoti. <span class="bld">Abhihaṭa</span>nti puretaraṃ gahetvā āhaṭaṃ bhikkhaṃ, <span class="bld">uddissakata</span>nti ‘‘imaṃ tumhe uddissa kata’’nti evaṃ ārocitaṃ bhikkhaṃ. <span class="bld">Na nimantana</span>nti ‘‘asukaṃ nāma kulaṃ vā vīthiṃ vā gāmaṃ vā paviseyyāthā’’ti evaṃ nimantitabhikkhampi na sādiyati, na gaṇhati. <span class="bld">Na</span> <a name="P2.0355"></a> <span class="bld">kumbhimukhā</span>ti kumbhito uddharitvā diyyamānaṃ bhikkhaṃ na gaṇhati. <span class="bld">Na kaḷopimukhā</span>ti <span class="bld">kaḷopī</span>ti ukkhali vā pacchi vā, tatopi na gaṇhati. Kasmā? Kumbhikaḷopiyo maṃ nissāya kaṭacchunā pahāraṃ labhantīti. <span class="bld">Na eḷakamantara</span>nti ummāraṃ antaraṃ katvā diyyamānaṃ na gaṇhati. Kasmā? ‘‘Ayaṃ maṃ nissāya antarakaraṇaṃ labhatī’’ti. Daṇḍamusalesupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dvinna</span>nti dvīsu bhuñjamānesu ekasmiṃ uṭṭhāya dente na gaṇhati. Kasmā? ‘‘Ekassa kabaḷantarāyo hotī’’ti. <span class="bld">Na gabbhiniyā</span>tiādīsu pana ‘‘gabbhiniyā kucchiyaṃ dārako kilamati. Pāyantiyā dārakassa khīrantarāyo hoti, purisantaragatāya ratiantarāyo hotī’’ti na gaṇhati. <span class="bld">Saṃkittīsū</span>ti saṃkittetvā katabhattesu, dubbhikkhasamaye kira acelakasāvakā acelakānaṃ atthāya tato tato taṇḍulādīni samādapetvā bhattaṃ pacanti. Ukkaṭṭho acelako tatopi na paṭiggaṇhati. <span class="bld">Na yattha sā</span>ti yattha sunakho – ‘‘piṇḍaṃ labhissāmī’’ti upaṭṭhito hoti, tattha tassa adatvā āhaṭaṃ na gaṇhati. Kasmā? Etassa piṇḍantarāyo hotīti. <span class="bld">Saṇḍasaṇḍacārinī</span>ti samūhasamūhacārinī, sace hi acelakaṃ disvā – ‘‘imassa bhikkhaṃ dassāmā’’ti manussā bhattagehaṃ pavisanti, tesu ca pavisantesu kaḷopimukhādīsu nilīnā makkhikā uppatitvā saṇḍasaṇḍā caranti, tato āhaṭaṃ bhikkhaṃ na gaṇhati. Kasmā? Maṃ nissāya makkhikānaṃ gocarantarāyo jātoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Thusodaka</span>nti <a name="M1.0293"></a> sabbasassasambhārehi kataṃ sovīrakaṃ. Ettha ca surāpānameva sāvajjaṃ, ayaṃ pana sabbesupi sāvajjasaññī. <span class="bld">Ekāgāriko</span>ti yo ekasmiṃyeva gehe bhikkhaṃ labhitvā nivattati<a name="P2.0356"></a>. <span class="bld">Ekālopiko</span>ti yo ekeneva ālopena yāpeti. <span class="bld">Dvāgārikādīsu</span>pi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Ekissāpi dattiyā</span>ti ekāya dattiyā. Datti nāma ekā khuddakapāti hoti, yattha aggabhikkhaṃ pakkhipitvā ṭhapenti. <span class="bld">Ekāhika</span>nti ekadivasantarikaṃ. <span class="bld">Addhamāsika</span>nti addhamāsantarikaṃ. <span class="bld">Pariyāyabhattabhojana</span>nti vārabhattabhojanaṃ, ekāhavārena dvīhavārena sattāhavārena aḍḍhamāsavārenāti evaṃ divasavārena āgatabhattabhojanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para395"></a><a name="para395_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">395</span>. <span class="bld">Sākabhakkho</span>ti <a name="V1.0265"></a> allasākabhakkho. <span class="bld">Sāmākabhakkho</span>ti sāmākataṇḍulabhakkho. <span class="bld">Nīvārā</span>dīsu nīvāro nāma araññe sayaṃjātā vīhijāti. <span class="bld">Daddula</span>nti cammakārehi cammaṃ likhitvā chaḍḍitakasaṭaṃ. <span class="bld">Haṭaṃ</span> vuccati silesopi sevālopi. <span class="bld">Kaṇa</span>nti kuṇḍakaṃ. <span class="bld">Ācāmo</span>ti bhattaukkhalikāya laggo jhāmakaodano, taṃ chaḍḍitaṭṭhānatova gahetvā khādati, ‘‘odanakañjiya’’ntipi vadanti. <span class="bld">Piññākā</span>dayo pākaṭā eva. <span class="bld">Pavattaphalabhojī</span>ti patitaphalabhojī.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para396"></a><a name="para396_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">396</span>. <span class="bld">Sāṇānī</span>ti sāṇavākacoḷāni. <span class="bld">Masāṇānī</span>ti missakacoḷāni. <span class="bld">Chavadussānī</span>ti matasarīrato chaḍḍitavatthāni, erakatiṇādīni vā ganthetvā katanivāsanāni. <span class="bld">Paṃsukūlānī</span>ti pathaviyaṃ chaḍḍitanantakāni. <span class="bld">Tirīṭānī</span>ti rukkhatacavatthāni. <span class="bld">Ajina</span>nti ajinamigacammaṃ. <span class="bld">Ajinakkhipa</span>nti tadeva majjhe phālitakaṃ. <span class="bld">Kusacīra</span>nti kusatiṇāni ganthetvā katacīraṃ. <span class="bld">Vākacīraphalakacīresu</span>pi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Kesakambala</span>nti manussakesehi katakambalaṃ. Yaṃ sandhāya <a name="P2.0357"></a> vuttaṃ –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Seyyathāpi bhikkhave, yāni kānici tantāvutāni vatthāni, kesakambalo tesaṃ paṭikiṭṭho akkhāyati. Kesakambalo, bhikkhave, sīte sīto, uṇhe uṇho appaggho ca dubbaṇṇo ca duggandho dukkhasamphasso’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vāḷakambala</span>nti <a name="M1.0294"></a> assavālehi katakambalaṃ. <span class="bld">Ulūkapakkhika</span>nti ulūkapakkhāni ganthetvā katanivāsanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ukkuṭikappadhānamanuyutto</span>ti ukkuṭikavīriyaṃ anuyutto, gacchantopi ukkuṭikova hutvā uppatitvā uppatitvā gacchati. <span class="bld">Kaṇṭakāpassayiko</span>ti ayakaṇṭake vā pakatikaṇṭake vā bhūmiyaṃ koṭṭetvā tattha cammaṃ attharitvā ṭhānacaṅkamādīni karoti. <span class="bld">Seyya</span>nti sayantopi tattheva seyyaṃ kappeti. <span class="bld">Phalakaseyya</span>nti rukkhaphalake seyyaṃ. <span class="bld">Thaṇḍilaseyya</span>nti thaṇḍile ucce bhūmiṭhāne seyyaṃ. <span class="bld">Ekapassayiko</span>ti ekapasseneva sayati. <span class="bld">Rajojalladharo</span>ti sarīraṃ telena makkhitvā rajuṭṭhānaṭṭhāne tiṭṭhati, athassa sarīre rajojallaṃ laggati, taṃ dhāreti. <span class="bld">Yathāsanthatiko</span>ti laddhaṃ āsanaṃ akopetvā yadeva labhati, tattheva nisīdanasīlo. <span class="bld">Vekaṭiko</span>ti vikaṭakhādanasīlo. <span class="bld">Vikaṭa</span>nti gūthaṃ vuccati. <span class="bld">Apānako</span>ti paṭikkhittasītudakapāno. Sāyaṃ tatiyamassāti <span class="bld">sāyatatiyakaṃ.</span> Pāto, majjhanhike, sāyanti divasassa tikkhattuṃ pāpaṃ pavāhessāmīti <span class="bld">udakorohanānuyogaṃ anuyutto viharatī</span>ti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Tapopakkamaniratthakatāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para397"></a><a name="para397_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">397</span>. Atha <a name="V1.0266"></a> bhagavā sīlasampadādīhi vinā tesaṃ tapopakkamānaṃ niratthakataṃ dassento – ‘‘acelako cepi kassapa hotī’’tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">ārakā vā</span>ti dūreyeva. <span class="bld">Avera</span>nti <a name="P2.0358"></a> dosaveravirahitaṃ. <span class="bld">Abyāpajja</span>nti domanassabyāpajjarahitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para398"></a><a name="para398_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">398</span>. <span class="bld">Dukkaraṃ, bho gotamā</span>ti idaṃ kassapo ‘‘mayaṃ pubbe ettakamattaṃ sāmaññañca brahmaññañcāti vicarāma, tumhe pana aññaṃyeva sāmaññañca brahmaññañca vadathā’’ti dīpento āha. <span class="bld">Pakati kho esā</span>ti pakatikathā esā. <span class="bld">Imāya ca, kassapa, mattāyā</span>ti ‘‘kassapa yadi iminā pamāṇena evaṃ parittakena paṭipattikkamena sāmaññaṃ vā brahmaññaṃ vā dukkaraṃ sudukkaraṃ nāma abhavissa, tato netaṃ abhavissa kallaṃ vacanāya dukkaraṃ sāmañña’’nti ayamettha padasambandhena saddhiṃ attho. Etena nayena sabbattha padasambandho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para399"></a><a name="para399_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">399</span>. <span class="bld">Dujjāno</span>ti <a name="M1.0295"></a> idampi so ‘‘mayaṃ pubbe ettakena samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā hotīti vicarāma, tumhe pana aññathā vadathā’’ti idaṃ sandhāyāha. Athassa bhagavā taṃ pakativādaṃ paṭikkhipitvā sabhāvatova dujjānabhāvaṃ āvikaronto punapi – ‘‘pakati kho’’tiādimāha. Tatrāpi vuttanayeneva padasambandhaṃ katvā attho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="subhead">Sīlasamādhipaññāsampadāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para400-401"></a><a name="para400-401_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">400-401</span>. <span class="bld">Katamā pana sā, bho gotamā</span>ti kasmā pucchati. Ayaṃ kira paṇḍito bhagavato kathentasseva kathaṃ uggahesi, atha attano paṭipattiyā niratthakataṃ viditvā samaṇo gotamo – ‘‘tassa ‘cāyaṃ sīlasampadā, cittasampadā, paññāsampadā abhāvitā hoti asacchikatā, atha kho so ārakāva sāmaññā’tiādimāha. Handa dāni naṃ tā sampattiyo pucchāmī’’ti sīlasampadādivijānanatthaṃ pucchati. Athassa bhagavā buddhuppādaṃ dassetvā tantidhammaṃ kathento tā sampattiyo dassetuṃ – ‘‘idha kassapā’’tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Imāya ca kassapa sīlasampadāyā</span>ti idaṃ arahattaphalameva sandhāya vuttaṃ. Arahattaphalapariyosānañhi bhagavato sāsanaṃ. Tasmā arahattaphalasampayuttāhi sīlacittapaññāsampadāhi <a name="P2.0359"></a> aññā uttaritarā vā paṇītatarā vā sīlādisampadā natthīti āha.</p>
<p class="subhead">Sīhanādakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para402"></a><a name="para402_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">402</span>. Evañca <a name="V1.0267"></a> pana vatvā idāni anuttaraṃ mahāsīhanādaṃ nadanto – ‘‘santi kassapa eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā’’tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">ariya</span>nti nirupakkilesaṃ paramavisuddhaṃ. <span class="bld">Parama</span>nti uttamaṃ, pañcasīlāni hiādiṃ katvā yāva pātimokkhasaṃvarasīlā sīlameva, lokuttaramaggaphalasampayuttaṃ pana paramasīlaṃ nāma. <span class="bld">Nāhaṃ tatthā</span>ti tattha sīlepi paramasīlepi ahaṃ attano samasamaṃ mama sīlasamena sīlena mayā samaṃ puggalaṃ na passāmīti attho. <span class="bld">Ahameva tattha bhiyyo</span>ti ahameva tasmiṃ sīle uttamo. Katamasmiṃ? <span class="bld">Yadidaṃ adhisīla</span>nti yaṃ etaṃ uttamaṃ sīlanti attho. Iti imaṃ paṭhamaṃ sīhanādaṃ nadati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tapojigucchavādā</span>ti <a name="M1.0296"></a> ye tapojigucchaṃ vadanti. Tattha tapatīti tapo, kilesasantāpakavīriyassetaṃ nāmaṃ, tadeva te kilese jigucchatīti jigucchā. <span class="bld">Ariyā paramā</span>ti ettha niddosattā ariyā, aṭṭhaārambhavatthuvasenapi uppannā vipassanāvīriyasaṅkhātā tapojigucchā tapojigucchāva, maggaphalasampayuttā paramā nāma. <span class="bld">Adhijeguccha</span>nti idha jigucchabhāvo jegucchaṃ, uttamaṃ jegucchaṃ adhijegucchaṃ, tasmā yadidaṃ adhijegucchaṃ, tattha ahameva bhiyyoti evamettha attho daṭṭhabbo. Paññādhikārepi kammassakatāpaññā ca vipassanāpaññā ca paññā nāma, maggaphalasampayuttā paramā paññā nāma. <span class="bld">Adhipañña</span>nti ettha liṅgavipallāso veditabbo, ayaṃ panetthattho – yāyaṃ adhipaññā nāma ahameva tattha bhiyyoti vimuttādhikāre <a name="P2.0360"></a> tadaṅgavikkhambhanavimuttiyo vimutti nāma, samucchedapaṭipassaddhinissaraṇavimuttiyo pana paramā vimuttīti veditabbā. Idhāpi ca <span class="bld">yadidaṃ adhivimuttī</span>ti yā ayaṃ adhivimutti, ahameva tattha bhiyyoti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para403"></a><a name="para403_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">403</span>. <span class="bld">Suññāgāre</span>ti suññe ghare, ekakova nisīditvāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Parisāsu cā</span>ti aṭṭhasu parisāsu. Vuttampi cetaṃ –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Cattārimāni, sāriputta, tathāgatassa vesārajjāni. Yehi vesārajjehi samannāgato tathāgato āsabhaṃ ṭhānaṃ paṭijānāti, parisāsu sīhanādaṃ nadatī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.150) suttaṃ vitthāretabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pañhañca naṃ pucchantī</span>ti paṇḍitā devamanussā naṃ pañhaṃ abhisaṅkharitvā pucchanti. <span class="bld">Byākarotī</span>ti <a name="V1.0268"></a> taṅkhaṇaññeva vissajjesi. <span class="bld">Cittaṃ ārādhetī</span>ti pañhāvissajjanena mahājanassa cittaṃ paritosetiyeva. <span class="bld">No ca kho sotabbaṃ maññantī</span>ti cittaṃ ārādhetvā kathentassapissa vacanaṃ pare sotabbaṃ na maññantīti, evañca vadeyyunti attho. <span class="bld">Sotabbañcassa maññantī</span>ti devāpi manussāpi mahanteneva ussāhena sotabbaṃ maññanti. <span class="bld">Pasīdantī</span>ti supasannā kallacittā muducittā honti. <span class="bld">Pasannākāraṃ karontī</span>ti na muddhappasannāva honti, paṇītāni cīvarādīni veḷuvanavihārādayo ca mahāvihāre pariccajantā pasannākāraṃ karonti. <span class="bld">Tathattāyā</span>ti yaṃ so dhammaṃ deseti tathā bhāvāya, dhammānudhammapaṭipattipūraṇatthāya paṭipajjantīti attho. <span class="bld">Tathattāya ca paṭipajjantī</span>ti tathabhāvāya paṭipajjanti, tassa hi <a name="M1.0297"></a> bhagavato dhammaṃ sutvā keci saraṇesu keci pañcasu sīlesu patiṭṭhahanti, apare nikkhamitvā pabbajanti. <span class="bld">Paṭipannā ca ārādhentī</span>ti tañca pana paṭipadaṃ paṭipannā pūretuṃ sakkonti, sabbākārena pana pūrenti, paṭipattipūraṇena <a name="P2.0361"></a> tassa bhoto gotamassa cittaṃ ārādhentīti vattabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Imasmiṃ panokāse ṭhatvā sīhanādā samodhānetabbā. Ekaccaṃ tapassiṃ niraye nibbattaṃ passāmīti hi bhagavato eko sīhanādo. Aparaṃ sagge nibbattaṃ passāmīti eko. Akusaladhammappahāne ahameva seṭṭhoti eko. Kusaladhammasamādānepi ahameva seṭṭhoti eko. Akusaladhammappahāne mayhameva sāvakasaṅgho seṭṭhoti eko. Kusaladhammasamādānepi mayhaṃyeva sāvakasaṅgho seṭṭhoti eko. Sīlena mayhaṃ sadiso natthīti eko. Vīriyena mayhaṃ sadiso natthīti eko. Paññāya…pe… vimuttiyā…pe… sīhanādaṃ nadanto parisamajjhe nisīditvā nadāmīti eko. Visārado hutvā nadāmīti eko. Pañhaṃ maṃ pucchantīti eko. Pañhaṃ puṭṭho vissajjemīti eko. Vissajjanena parassa cittaṃ ārādhemīti eko. Sutvā sotabbaṃ maññantīti eko. Sutvā me pasīdantīti eko. Pasannākāraṃ karontīti eko. Yaṃ paṭipattiṃ desemi, tathattāya paṭipajjantīti eko. Paṭipannā ca maṃ ārādhentīti eko. Iti purimānaṃ dasannaṃ ekekassa – ‘‘parisāsu ca nadatī’’ti ādayo dasa dasa parivārā. Evaṃ te dasa purimānaṃ dasannaṃ parivāravasena sataṃ purimā ca dasāti dasādhikaṃ sīhanādasataṃ hoti. Ito aññasmiṃ pana sutte ettakā sīhanādā dullabhā, tenidaṃ suttaṃ mahāsīhanādanti vuccati. Iti bhagavā ‘‘sīhanādaṃ kho samaṇo gotamo nadati, tañca kho suññāgāre nadatī’’ti evaṃ vādānu vādaṃ paṭisedhetvā idāni parisati naditapubbaṃ sīhanādaṃ dassento ‘‘ekamidāha’’ntiādimāha.</p>
<p class="subhead">Titthiyaparivāsakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para404"></a><a name="para404_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">404</span>. Tattha <a name="P2.0362"></a><a name="V1.0269"></a> <span class="bld">tatra maṃ aññataro tapabrahmacārī</span>ti tatra rājagahe gijjhakūṭe pabbate viharantaṃ maṃ aññataro tapabrahmacārī nigrodho nāma paribbājako<a name="M1.0298"></a>. <span class="bld">Adhijegucche</span>ti vīriyena pāpajigucchanādhikāre pañhaṃ pucchi. Idaṃ yaṃ taṃ bhagavā gijjhakūṭe mahāvihāre nisinno udumbarikāya deviyā uyyāne nisinnassa nigrodhassa ca paribbājakassa sandhānassa ca upāsakassa dibbāya sotadhātuyā kathāsallāpaṃ sutvā ākāsenāgantvā tesaṃ santike paññatte āsane nisīditvā nigrodhena adhijegucche puṭṭhapañhaṃ vissajjesi, taṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Paraṃ viya mattāyā</span>ti paramāya mattāya, atimahanteneva pamāṇenāti attho. <span class="bld">Ko hi, bhante</span>ti ṭhapetvā andhabālaṃ diṭṭhigatikaṃ añño paṇḍitajātiko ‘‘ko nāma bhagavato dhammaṃ sutvā na attamano assā’’ti vadati. <span class="bld">Labheyyāha</span>nti idaṃ so – ‘‘ciraṃ vata me aniyyānikapakkhe yojetvā attā kilamito, ‘sukkhanadītīre nhāyissāmī’ti samparivattentena viya thuse koṭṭentena viya na koci attho nipphādito. Handāhaṃ attānaṃ yoge yojessāmī’’ti cintetvā āha. Atha bhagavā yo anena khandhake titthiyaparivāso paññatto, yo aññatitthiyapubbo sāmaṇerabhūmiyaṃ ṭhito – ‘‘ahaṃ bhante, itthannāmo aññatitthiyapubbo imasmiṃ dhammavinaye ākaṅkhāmi upasampadaṃ, svāhaṃ, bhante, saṃghaṃ cattāro māse parivāsaṃ yācāmī’’tiādinā (mahāva. 86) nayena samādiyitvā parivasati, taṃ sandhāya – ‘‘yo kho, kassapa, aññatitthiyapubbo’’tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para405"></a><a name="para405_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">405</span>. Tattha <span class="bld">pabbajja</span>nti vacanasiliṭṭhatāvaseneva vuttaṃ, aparivasitvāyeva hi pabbajjaṃ labhati. Upasampadatthikena pana nātikālena gāmappavesanādīni aṭṭha vattāni pūrentena parivasitabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Āraddhacittā</span>ti aṭṭhavattapūraṇena <a name="P2.0363"></a> tuṭṭhacittā, ayamettha saṅkhepattho. Vitthārato panesa titthiyaparivāso samantapāsādikāya <span class="bld">vinayaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> pabbajjakhandhakavaṇṇanāya vuttanayena veditabbo. <span class="bld">Api ca metthā</span>ti api ca me ettha. <span class="bld">Puggalavemattatā viditā</span>ti puggalanānattaṃ viditaṃ. ‘‘Ayaṃ puggalo parivāsāraho, ayaṃ na parivāsāraho’’ti idaṃ mayhaṃ pākaṭanti dasseti. Tato kassapo cintesi – ‘‘aho acchariyaṃ buddhasāsanaṃ, yattha evaṃ ghaṃsitvā koṭṭetvā yuttameva gaṇhanti, ayuttaṃ chaḍḍentī’’ti, tato suṭṭhutaraṃ pabbajjāya sañjātussāho – ‘‘sace bhante’’tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha <a name="M1.0299"></a> kho bhagavā tassa tibbacchandataṃ viditvā – ‘‘na kassapo parivāsaṃ arahatī’’ti aññataraṃ bhikkhuṃ āmantesi – ‘‘gaccha bhikkhu kassapaṃ nhāpetvā pabbājetvā ānehī’’ti. So <a name="V1.0270"></a> tathā katvā taṃ pabbājetvā bhagavato santikaṃ āgamāsi. Bhagavā taṃ gaṇamajjhe nisīdāpetvā upasampādesi. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘alattha kho acelo kassapo bhagavato santike pabbajjaṃ, alattha upasampada’’nti. <span class="bld">Acirūpasampanno</span>ti upasampanno hutvā nacirameva. <span class="bld">Vūpakaṭṭho</span>ti vatthukāmakilesakāmehi kāyena ceva cittena ca vūpakaṭṭho. <span class="bld">Appamatto</span>ti kammaṭṭhāne satiṃ avijahanto. <span class="bld">Ātāpī</span>ti kāyikacetasikasaṅkhātena vīriyātāpena ātāpī. <span class="bld">Pahitatto</span>ti kāye ca jīvite ca anapekkhatāya pesitacitto vissaṭṭhaattabhāvo. <span class="bld">Yassatthāyā</span>ti yassa atthāya. <span class="bld">Kulaputtā</span>ti ācārakulaputtā. <span class="bld">Sammadevā</span>ti hetunāva kāraṇeneva. <span class="bld">Tadanuttara</span>nti taṃ anuttaraṃ. <span class="bld">Brahmacariyapariyosāna</span>nti maggabrahmacariyassa pariyosānabhūtaṃ arahattaphalaṃ. Tassa hi atthāya kulaputtā pabbajanti. <span class="bld">Diṭṭheva dhamme</span>ti imasmiṃyeva attabhāve. <span class="bld">Sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā</span>ti attanāyeva paññāya paccakkhaṃ <a name="P2.0364"></a> katvā, aparappaccayaṃ katvāti attho. <span class="bld">Upasampajja vihāsī</span>ti pāpuṇitvā sampādetvā vihāsi, evaṃ viharanto <span class="bld">ca khīṇā jāti…pe… abbhaññāsī</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evamassa paccavekkhaṇabhūmiṃ dassetvā arahattanikūṭena desanaṃ niṭṭhāpetuṃ ‘‘aññataro kho panāyasmā kassapo arahataṃ ahosī’’ti vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">aññataro</span>ti eko. <span class="bld">Arahata</span>nti arahantānaṃ, bhagavato sāvakānaṃ arahantānaṃ abbhantaro ahosīti ayamettha adhippāyo. Yaṃ yaṃ pana antarantarā na vuttaṃ, taṃ taṃ tattha tattha vuttattā pākaṭamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti sumaṅgalavilāsiniyā dīghanikāyaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</p>
<p class="centered">Mahāsīhanādasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter"><a name="dn1_9"></a>9. Poṭṭhapādasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">Poṭṭhapādaparibbājakavatthuvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para406"></a><a name="para406_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">406</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="P2.0365"></a><a name="V1.0271"></a><a name="M1.0300"></a> <span class="bld">me suttaṃ…pe… sāvatthiya</span>nti poṭṭhapādasuttaṃ. Tatrāyaṃ apubbapadavaṇṇanā. <span class="bld">Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme</span>ti sāvatthiṃ upanissāya yo jetassa kumārassa vane anāthapiṇḍikena gahapatinā ārāmo kārito, tattha viharati. <span class="bld">Poṭṭhapādo paribbājako</span>ti nāmena poṭṭhapādo nāma channaparibbājako. So kira gihikāle brāhmaṇamahāsālo kāmesuādīnavaṃ disvā cattālīsakoṭiparimāṇaṃ bhogakkhandhaṃ pahāya pabbajitvā titthiyānaṃ gaṇācariyo jāto. Samayaṃ pavadanti etthāti <span class="bld">samayappavādako,</span> tasmiṃ kira ṭhāne caṅkītārukkhapokkharasātippabhutayo brāhmaṇā nigaṇṭhaacelakaparibbājakādayo ca pabbajitā sannipatitvā attano attano samayaṃ vadanti kathenti dīpenti, tasmā so ārāmo <span class="bld">samayappavādako</span>ti vuccati. Sveva ca tindukācīrasaṅkhātāya timbarūrukkhapantiyā parikkhittattā <span class="bld">tindukācīro</span>. Yasmā panettha paṭhamaṃ ekāva sālā ahosi, pacchā mahāpuññaṃ paribbājakaṃ nissāya bahū sālā katā. Tasmā tameva ekaṃ sālaṃ upādāya laddhanāmavasena <span class="bld">ekasālako</span>ti vuccati. Mallikāya pana pasenadirañño deviyā uyyānabhūto so pupphaphalasampanno ārāmoti katvā <span class="bld">mallikāya ārāmo</span>ti saṅkhyaṃ gato. Tasmiṃ samayappavādake tindukācīre ekasālake mallikāya ārāme.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭivasatī</span>ti nivāsaphāsutāya vasati. Athekadivasaṃ bhagavā paccūsasamaye sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ <a name="P2.0366"></a> pattharitvā lokaṃ pariggaṇhanto ñāṇajālassa antogataṃ paribbājakaṃ disvā – ‘‘ayaṃ poṭṭhapādo mayhaṃ ñāṇajāle paññāyati, kinnu kho bhavissatī’’ti upaparikkhanto addasa – ‘‘ahaṃ ajja tattha gamissāmi, atha maṃ poṭṭhapādo nirodhañca nirodhavuṭṭhānañca pucchissati, tassāhaṃ sabbabuddhānaṃ ñāṇena saṃsanditvā tadubhayaṃ kathessāmi, atha so katipāhaccayena <a name="V1.0272"></a> cittaṃ hatthisāriputtaṃ gahetvā mama <a name="M1.0301"></a> santikaṃ āgamissati, tesamahaṃ dhammaṃ desessāmi, desanāvasāne poṭṭhapādo maṃ saraṇaṃ gamissati, citto hatthisāriputto mama santike pabbajitvā arahattaṃ pāpuṇissatī’’ti. Tato pātova sarīrapaṭijagganaṃ katvā surattadupaṭṭaṃ nivāsetvā vijjulatāsadisaṃ kāyabandhanaṃ bandhitvā yugandharapabbataṃ parikkhipitvā ṭhitamahāmeghaṃ viya meghavaṇṇaṃ paṃsukūlaṃ ekaṃsavaragataṃ katvā paccagghaṃ selamayapattaṃ vāmaaṃsakūṭe laggetvā sāvatthiṃ piṇḍāya pavisissāmīti sīho viya himavantapādā vihārā nikkhami. Imamatthaṃ sandhāya – ‘‘atha kho bhagavā’’tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para407"></a><a name="para407_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">407</span>. <span class="bld">Etadahosī</span>ti nagaradvārasamīpaṃ gantvā attano rucivasena sūriyaṃ oloketvā atippagabhāvameva disvā etaṃ ahosi. <span class="bld">Yaṃnūnāha</span>nti saṃsayaparidīpano viya nipāto, buddhānañca saṃsayo nāma natthi – ‘‘idaṃ karissāma, idaṃ na karissāma, imassa dhammaṃ desessāma, imassa na desessāmā’’ti evaṃ parivitakkapubbabhāgo panesa sabbabuddhānaṃ labbhati. Tenāha – ‘‘yaṃnūnāha’’nti, yadi panāhanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para408"></a><a name="para408_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">408</span>. <span class="bld">Unnādiniyā</span>ti uccaṃ nadamānāya, evaṃ nadamānāya cassā uddhaṃ gamanavasena ucco, disāsu patthaṭavasena mahā saddoti uccāsaddamahāsaddāya, tesañhi paribbājakānaṃ pātova vuṭṭhāya kattabbaṃ nāma cetiyavattaṃ vā bodhivattaṃ vā ācariyupajjhāyavattaṃ <a name="P2.0367"></a> vā yoniso manasikāro vā natthi. Tena te pātova vuṭṭhāya bālātape nisinnā – ‘‘imassa hattho sobhano, imassa pādo’’ti evaṃ aññamaññassa hatthapādādīni vā ārabbha, itthipurisadārakadārikādīnaṃ vaṇṇe vā, aññaṃ vā kāmassādabhavassādādivatthuṃ ārabbha kathaṃ samuṭṭhāpetvā anupubbena rājakathādianekavidhaṃ tiracchānakathaṃ kathenti. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘unnādiniyā uccāsaddamahāsaddāya anekavihitaṃ tiracchānakathaṃ kathentiyā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tato poṭṭhapādo paribbājako te paribbājake oloketvā – ‘‘ime paribbājakā ativiya aññamaññaṃ agāravā, mayañca samaṇassa gotamassa pātubhāvato paṭṭhāya sūriyuggamane khajjopanakūpamā jātā, lābhasakkāropi no parihīno. Sace panimaṃ ṭhānaṃ samaṇo gotamo vā gotamassa sāvako vā gihī upaṭṭhāko vā tassa āgaccheyya<a name="M1.0302"></a>, ativiya lajjanīyaṃ bhavissati, parisadoso kho pana parisajeṭṭhakasseva upari ārohatī’’ti itocito ca vilokento bhagavantaṃ addasa. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘addasā kho poṭṭhapādo paribbājako…pe… tuṇhī ahesu’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para409"></a><a name="para409_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">409</span>. Tattha <a name="V1.0273"></a> <span class="bld">saṇṭhapesī</span>ti sikkhāpesi, vajjamassā paṭicchādesi. Yathā susaṇṭhitā hoti, tathā naṃ ṭhapesi. Yathā nāma parisamajjhaṃ pavisanto puriso vajjapaṭicchādanatthaṃ nivāsanaṃ saṇṭhapeti, pārupanaṃ saṇṭhapeti, rajokiṇṇaṭṭhānaṃ puñchati; evamassā vajjapaṭicchādanatthaṃ – ‘‘appasaddā bhonto’’ti sikkhāpento yathā susaṇṭhitā hoti, tathā naṃ ṭhapesīti attho. <span class="bld">Appasaddakāmo</span>ti appasaddaṃ icchati, eko nisīdati, eko tiṭṭhati, na gaṇasaṅgaṇikāya yāpeti. <span class="bld">Upasaṅkamitabbaṃ maññeyyā</span>ti idhāgantabbaṃ maññeyya. Kasmā panesa bhagavato upasaṅkamanaṃ paccāsīsatīti? Attano vuddhiṃ patthayamāno. Paribbājakā kira buddhesu vā buddhasāvakesu vā attano santikaṃ āgatesu – ‘‘ajja amhākaṃ santikaṃ samaṇo gotamo āgato<a name="P2.0368"></a>, sāriputto āgato, na kho pana te yassa vā tassa vā santikaṃ gacchanti, passatha amhākaṃ uttamabhāva’’nti attano upaṭṭhākānaṃ santike attānaṃ ukkhipanti, ucce ṭhāne ṭhapenti, bhagavatopi upaṭṭhāke gaṇhituṃ vāyamanti. Te kira bhagavato upaṭṭhāke disvā evaṃ vadanti – ‘‘tumhākaṃ satthā bhavaṃ gotamopi gotamasāvakāpi amhākaṃ santikaṃ āgacchanti, mayaṃ aññamaññaṃ samaggā. Tumhe pana amhe akkhīhipi passituṃ na icchatha, sāmīcikammaṃ na karotha, kiṃ vo amhehi aparaddha’’nti. Athekacce manussā – ‘‘buddhāpi etesaṃ santikaṃ gacchanti kiṃ amhāka’’nti tato paṭṭhāya te disvā nappamajjanti. <span class="bld">Tuṇhī ahesu</span>nti poṭṭhapādaṃ parivāretvā nissaddā nisīdiṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para410"></a><a name="para410_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">410</span>. <span class="bld">Svāgataṃ, bhante</span>ti suṭṭhu āgamanaṃ, bhante, bhagavato; bhagavati hi no āgate ānando hoti, gate sokoti dīpeti. <span class="bld">Cirassaṃ kho, bhante</span>ti kasmā āha? Kiṃ bhagavā pubbepi tattha gatapubboti, na gatapubbo. Manussānaṃ pana – ‘‘kuhiṃ gacchantā, kuto āgatattha, kiṃ maggamūḷhattha, cirassaṃ āgatatthā’’ti evamādayo piyasamudācārā <a name="M1.0303"></a> honti, tasmā evamāha. Evañca pana vatvā na mānathaddho hutvā nisīdi, uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavato paccuggamanamakāsi. Bhagavantañhi upagataṃ disvā āsanena animantento vā apacitiṃ akaronto vā dullabho. Kasmā? Uccākulīnatāya. Ayampi paribbājako attano nisinnāsanaṃ papphoṭetvā bhagavantaṃ āsanena nimantento – ‘‘nisīdatu, bhante, bhagavā idamāsanaṃ paññatta’’nti āha. <span class="bld">Antarākathā vippakatā</span>ti nisinnānaṃ vo ādito paṭṭhāya yāva mamāgamanaṃ, etasmiṃ antare kā nāma kathā vippakatā, mamāgamanapaccayā katamā kathā pariyantaṃ na gatā, vadatha, yāva naṃ pariyantaṃ netvā demīti sabbaññupavāraṇaṃ pavāresi. Atha paribbājako – ‘‘niratthakakathā esā nissārā vaṭṭasannissitā, na tumhākaṃ purato vattabbataṃ arahatī’’ti dīpento ‘‘tiṭṭhatesā<a name="P2.0369"></a>, bhante’’tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="subhead">Abhisaññānirodhakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para411"></a><a name="para411_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">411</span>. <span class="bld">Tiṭṭhatesā</span><a name="V1.0274"></a>, <span class="bld">bhante</span>ti sace bhagavā sotukāmo bhavissati, pacchāpesā kathā na dullabhā bhavissati, amhākaṃ panimāya kathāya attho natthi. Bhagavato panāgamanaṃ labhitvā mayaṃ aññadeva sukāraṇaṃ pucchāmāti dīpeti. Tato taṃ pucchanto – ‘‘purimāni, bhante’’tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">kotūhalasālāya</span>nti kotūhalasālā nāma paccekasālā natthi. Yattha pana nānātitthiyā samaṇabrāhmaṇā nānāvidhaṃ kathaṃ pavattenti, sā bahūnaṃ – ‘‘ayaṃ kiṃ vadati, ayaṃ kiṃ vadatī’’ti kotūhaluppattiṭṭhānato kotūhalasālāti vuccati. <span class="bld">Abhisaññānirodhe</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">abhī</span>ti upasaggamattaṃ. <span class="bld">Saññānirodhe</span>ti cittanirodhe, khaṇikanirodhe kathā uppannāti attho. Idaṃ pana tassā uppattikāraṇaṃ. Yadā kira bhagavā jātakaṃ vā katheti, sikkhāpadaṃ vā paññapeti tadā sakalajambudīpe bhagavato kittighoso pattharati, titthiyā taṃ sutvā – ‘‘bhavaṃ kira gotamo pubbacariyaṃ kathesi, mayaṃ kiṃ na sakkoma tādisaṃ kiñci kathetu’’nti bhagavato paṭibhāgakiriyaṃ karontā ekaṃ bhavantarasamayaṃ kathenti – ‘‘bhavaṃ gotamo sikkhāpadaṃ paññapesi, mayaṃ kiṃ na sakkoma paññapetu’’nti attano sāvakānaṃ kiñcideva sikkhāpadaṃ paññapenti. Tadā pana <a name="M1.0304"></a> bhagavā aṭṭhavidhaparisamajjhe nisīditvā nirodhakathaṃ kathesi. Titthiyā taṃ sutvā – ‘‘bhavaṃ kira gotamo nirodhaṃ nāma kathesi, mayampi taṃ kathessāmā’’ti sannipatitvā kathayiṃsu. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘abhisaññānirodhe kathā udapādī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tatrekacce</span>ti tesu ekacce. Purimo cettha yvāyaṃ bāhire titthāyatane pabbajito cittappavattiyaṃ dosaṃ disvā acittakabhāvo santoti samāpattiṃ bhāvetvā ito cuto pañca kappasatāni asaññībhave ṭhatvā puna idha uppajjati. Tassa saññuppāde ca nirodhe ca hetuṃ apassanto – <span class="bld">ahetū appaccayā</span>ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dutiyo <a name="P2.0370"></a> naṃ nisedhetvā migasiṅgatāpasassa asaññakabhāvaṃ gahetvā – ‘‘upetipi apetipī’’ti āha. Migasiṅgatāpaso kira attantapo ghoratapo paramadhitindriyo ahosi. Tassa sīlatejena sakkavimānaṃ uṇhaṃ ahosi. Sakko devarājā ‘‘sakkaṭṭhānaṃ nu kho tāpaso patthetī’’ti alambusaṃ nāma devakaññaṃ – ‘tāpasassa tapaṃ bhinditvā ehī’ti pesesi. Sā tattha gatā. Tāpaso paṭhamadivase taṃ disvāva palāyitvā paṇṇasālaṃ pāvisi. Dutiyadivase kāmacchandanīvaraṇena bhaggo taṃ hatthe aggahesi, so tena dibbaphassena phuṭṭho visaññī hutvā tiṇṇaṃ <a name="V1.0275"></a> saṃvaccharānaṃ accayena saññaṃ paṭilabhi. Taṃ so diṭṭhigatiko – ‘‘tiṇṇaṃ saṃvaccharānaṃ accayena nirodhā vuṭṭhito’’ti maññamāno evamāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatiyo naṃ nisedhetvā āthabbaṇapayogaṃ sandhāya ‘‘upakaḍḍhantipi apakaḍḍhantipī’’ti āha. Āthabbaṇikā kira āthabbaṇaṃ payojetvā sattaṃ sīsacchinnaṃ viya hatthacchinnaṃ viya mataṃ viya ca katvā dassenti. Tassa puna pākatikabhāvaṃ disvā so diṭṭhigatiko – ‘‘nirodhā vuṭṭhito aya’’nti maññamāno evamāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Catuttho naṃ nisedhetvā yakkhadāsīnaṃ madaniddaṃ sandhāya ‘‘santi hi bho devatā’’tiādimāha. Yakkhadāsiyo kira sabbarattiṃ devatūpahāraṃ kurumānā naccitvā gāyitvā aruṇodaye ekaṃ surāpātiṃ pivitvā <a name="M1.0305"></a> parivattitvā supitvā divā vuṭṭhahanti. Taṃ disvā so diṭṭhigatiko – ‘‘suttakāle nirodhaṃ samāpannā, pabuddhakāle nirodhā vuṭṭhitā’’ti maññamāno evamāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ayaṃ pana poṭṭhapādo paribbājako paṇḍitajātiko. Tenassa taṃ kathaṃ sutvā vippaṭisāro uppajji. ‘‘Imesaṃ kathā eḷamūgakathā viya cattāro hi nirodhe ete paññapenti, iminā ca nirodhena nāma ekena bhavitabbaṃ, na bahunā. Tenāpi ekena aññeneva bhavitabbaṃ, so pana aññena ñātuṃ na <a name="P2.0371"></a> sakkā aññatra sabbaññunā. Sace bhagavā idha abhavissa ‘ayaṃ nirodho ayaṃ na nirodho’ti dīpasahassaṃ viya ujjāletvā ajjameva pākaṭaṃ akarissā’’ti dasabalaññeva anussari. Tasmā ‘‘tassa mayhaṃ bhante’’tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">aho nūnā</span>ti anussaraṇatthe nipātadvayaṃ, tena tassa bhagavantaṃ anussarantassa etadahosi ‘‘aho nūna bhagavā aho nūna sugato’’ti. <span class="bld">Yo imesa</span>nti yo etesaṃ nirodhadhammānaṃ sukusalo nipuṇo cheko, so bhagavā aho nūna katheyya, sugato aho nūna katheyyāti ayamettha adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Pakataññū</span>ti ciṇṇavasitāya pakatiṃ sabhāvaṃ jānātīti pakataññū. <span class="bld">Kathaṃ nu kho</span>ti idaṃ paribbājako ‘‘mayaṃ bhagavā na jānāma, tumhe jānātha, kathetha no’’ti āyācanto vadati. Atha bhagavā kathento ‘‘tatra poṭṭhapādā’’tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="subhead">Ahetukasaññuppādanirodhakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para412"></a><a name="para412_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">412</span>. Tattha <span class="bld">tatrā</span>ti tesu samaṇabrāhmaṇesu. <span class="bld">Āditova tesaṃ aparaddha</span>nti tesaṃ ādimhiyeva <a name="V1.0276"></a> viraddhaṃ, gharamajjheyeva pakkhalitāti dīpeti. <span class="bld">Sahetū sappaccayā</span>ti ettha hetupi paccayopi kāraṇasseva nāmaṃ, sakāraṇāti attho. Taṃ pana kāraṇaṃ dassento ‘‘sikkhā ekā’’ti āha. Tattha <span class="bld">sikkhā ekā saññā uppajjantī</span>ti sikkhāya ekaccā saññā jāyantīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para413"></a><a name="para413_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">413</span>. <span class="bld">Kā ca sikkhāti bhagavā avocā</span>ti katamā ca sā sikkhāti bhagavā vitthāretukamyatāpucchāvasena avoca. Atha yasmā adhisīlasikkhā adhicittasikkhā adhipaññāsikkhāti tisso sikkhā honti. Tasmā tā dassento bhagavā saññāya sahetukaṃ uppādanirodhaṃ dīpetuṃ buddhuppādato pabhuti tantidhammaṃ ṭhapento ‘‘idha poṭṭhapāda, tathāgato loke’’tiādimāha. Tattha adhisīlasikkhā <a name="M1.0306"></a> adhicittasikkhāti dve eva sikkhā sarūpena āgatā, tatiyā pana ‘‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadāti kho poṭṭhapāda mayā ekaṃsiko dhammo desito’’ti ettha sammādiṭṭhisammāsaṅkappavasena pariyāpannattā āgatāti veditabbā. <span class="bld">Kāmasaññā</span>ti pañcakāmaguṇikarāgopi asamuppannakāmacāropi<a name="P2.0372"></a>. Tattha pañcakāmaguṇikarāgo anāgāmimaggena samugghātaṃ gacchati, asamuppannakāmacāro pana imasmiṃ ṭhāne vaṭṭati. Tasmā <span class="bld">tassa yā purimā kāmasaññā</span>ti tassa paṭhamajjhānasamaṅgino yā pubbe uppannapubbāya kāmasaññāya sadisattā purimā kāmasaññāti vucceyya, sā nirujjhati, anuppannāva nuppajjatīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vivekajapītisukhasukhumasaccasaññīyeva tasmiṃ samaye hotī</span>ti tasmiṃ paṭhamajjhānasamaye vivekajapītisukhasaṅkhātā sukhumasaññā saccā hoti, bhūtā hotīti attho. Atha vā kāmacchandādioḷārikaṅgappahānavasena sukhumā ca sā bhūtatāya saccā ca saññāti sukhumasaccasaññā, vivekajehi pītisukhehi sampayuttā sukhumasaccasaññāti vivekajapītisukhasukhumasaccasaññā sā assa atthīti vivekajapītisukhasukhumasaccasaññīti evamettha attho daṭṭhabbo. Esa nayo sabbattha. <span class="bld">Evampi sikkhā</span>ti ettha yasmā paṭhamajjhānaṃ samāpajjanto adhiṭṭhahanto, vuṭṭhahanto ca sikkhati, tasmā taṃ evaṃ sikkhitabbato sikkhāti vuccati. Tenapi sikkhāsaṅkhātena paṭhamajjhānena evaṃ ekā vivekajapītisukhasukhumasaccasaññā uppajjati. Evaṃ ekā kāmasaññā nirujjhatīti attho. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ sikkhāti bhagavā avocā</span>ti ayaṃ paṭhamajjhānasaṅkhātā ekā sikkhāti, bhagavā āha. Etenupāyena sabbattha attho daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā pana aṭṭhamasamāpattiyā aṅgato sammasanaṃ buddhānaṃyeva hoti, sāvakesu sāriputtasadisānampi <a name="V1.0277"></a> natthi, kalāpato sammasanaṃyeva pana sāvakānaṃ hoti, idañca ‘‘saññā saññā’’ti, evaṃ aṅgato sammasanaṃ uddhaṭaṃ. Tasmā <a name="M1.0307"></a> ākiñcaññāyatanaparamaṃyeva saññaṃ dassetvā puna tadeva saññagganti dassetuṃ ‘‘yato kho poṭṭhapāda…pe… saññaggaṃ phusatī’’ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para414"></a><a name="para414_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">414</span>. Tattha <a name="P2.0373"></a> <span class="bld">yato kho poṭṭhapāda bhikkhū</span>ti yo nāma poṭṭhapāda bhikkhu. <span class="bld">Idha sakasaññī hotī</span>ti idha sāsane sakasaññī hoti, ayameva vā pāṭho, attano paṭhamajjhānasaññāya saññavā hotīti attho. <span class="bld">So tato amutra tato amutrā</span>ti so bhikkhu tato paṭhamajjhānato amutra dutiyajjhāne, tatopi amutra tatiyajjhāneti evaṃ tāya tāya jhānasaññāya sakasaññī sakasaññī hutvā anupubbena saññaggaṃ phusati. <span class="bld">Saññagga</span>nti ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ vuccati. Kasmā? Lokiyānaṃ kiccakārakasamāpattīnaṃ aggattā. Ākiñcaññāyatanasamāpattiyañhi ṭhatvā nevasaññānāsaññāyatanampi nirodhampi samāpajjanti. Iti sā lokiyānaṃ kiccakārakasamāpattīnaṃ aggattā saññagganti vuccati, taṃ phusati pāpuṇātīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni abhisaññānirodhaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tassa saññagge ṭhitassā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">ceteyyaṃ, abhisaṅkhareyya</span>nti padadvaye ca jhānaṃ samāpajjanto ceteti nāma, punappunaṃ kappetīti attho. Uparisamāpattiatthāya nikantiṃ kurumāno abhisaṅkharoti nāma. <span class="bld">Imā ca me saññā nirujjheyyu</span>nti imā ākiñcaññāyatanasaññā nirujjheyyuṃ. <span class="bld">Aññā ca oḷārikā</span>ti aññā ca oḷārikā bhavaṅgasaññā uppajjeyyuṃ. <span class="bld">So na ceva ceteti na abhisaṅkharotī</span>ti ettha kāmaṃ cesa cetentova na ceteti, abhisaṅkharontova nābhisaṅkharoti. Imassa bhikkhuno ākiñcaññāyatanato vuṭṭhāya nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ samāpajjitvā ‘‘ekaṃ dve cittavāre ṭhassāmī’’ti ābhogasamannāhāro natthi. Uparinirodhasamāpattatthāya eva pana ābhogasamannāhāro atthi, svāyamattho puttagharācikkhaṇena dīpetabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pitugharamajjhena kira gantvā pacchābhāge puttassa gharaṃ hoti, tato paṇītaṃ bhojanaṃ ādāya āsanasālaṃ āgataṃ daharaṃ thero – ‘‘manāpo piṇḍapāto kuto ābhato’’ti pucchi. So ‘‘asukassa gharato’’ti laddhagharameva ācikkhi. Yena panassa pitugharamajjhena gatopi āgatopi <a name="M1.0308"></a> tattha ābhogopi natthi. Tattha āsanasālā viya ākiñcaññāyatanasamāpatti <a name="P2.0374"></a> daṭṭhabbā, pitugehaṃ viya nevasaññānāsaññāyatanasamāpatti, puttagehaṃ viya nirodhasamāpatti, āsanasālāya ṭhatvā pitugharaṃ amanasikaritvā puttagharācikkhaṇaṃ viya ākiñcaññāyatanato vuṭṭhāya nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ samāpajjitvā ‘‘ekaṃ dve cittavāre ṭhassāmī’’ti pitugharaṃ amanasikaritvāva <a name="V1.0278"></a> uparinirodhasamāpattatthāya manasikāro, evamesa cetentova na ceteti, abhisaṅkharontova nābhisaṅkharoti. <span class="bld">Tā ceva saññā</span>ti tā jhānasaññā nirujjhanti. <span class="bld">Aññā cā</span>ti aññā ca oḷārikā bhavaṅgasaññā nuppajjanti. <span class="bld">So nirodhaṃ phusatī</span>ti so evaṃ paṭipanno bhikkhu saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ phusati vindati paṭilabhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anupubbābhisaññānirodhasampajānasamāpatti</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">abhī</span>ti upasaggamattaṃ, sampajānapadaṃ nirodhapadena antarikaṃ katvā vuttaṃ. Anupaṭipāṭiyā sampajānasaññānirodhasamāpattīti ayaṃ panetthattho. Tatrāpi sampajānasaññānirodhasamāpattīti sampajānantassa ante saññā nirodhasamāpatti sampajānantassa vā paṇḍitassa bhikkhuno saññānirodhasamāpattīti ayaṃ visesattho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni idha ṭhatvā nirodhasamāpattikathā kathetabbā. Sā panesā sabbākārena visuddhimagge paññābhāvanānisaṃsādhikāre kathitā, tasmā tattha kathitatova gahetabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ bhagavā poṭṭhapādassa paribbājakassa nirodhakathaṃ kathetvā – atha naṃ tādisāya kathāya aññattha abhāvaṃ paṭijānāpetuṃ ‘‘taṃ kiṃ maññasī’’tiādimāha. Paribbājakopi ‘‘bhagavā ajja tumhākaṃ kathaṃ ṭhapetvā na mayā evarūpā kathā sutapubbā’’ti paṭijānanto, ‘‘no hetaṃ bhante’’ti vatvā puna sakkaccaṃ bhagavato kathāya uggahitabhāvaṃ dassento ‘‘evaṃ kho ahaṃ bhante’’tiādimāha. Athassa bhagavā ‘‘suuggahitaṃ tayā’’ti anujānanto ‘‘evaṃ poṭṭhapādā’’ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para415"></a><a name="para415_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">415</span>. Atha paribbājako ‘‘bhagavatā ‘ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ saññagga’nti vuttaṃ. Etadeva nu kho saññaggaṃ, udāhu avasesasamāpattīsupi <a name="P2.0375"></a> saññaggaṃ atthī’’ti cintetvā tamatthaṃ pucchanto ‘‘ekaññeva nu kho’’tiādimāha. Bhagavāpissa vissajjesi. Tattha <span class="bld">puthūpī</span>ti bahūnipi. <span class="bld">Yathā yathā kho, poṭṭhapāda, nirodhaṃ</span> <a name="M1.0309"></a> <span class="bld">phusatī</span>ti pathavīkasiṇādīsu yena yena kasiṇena, paṭhamajjhānādīnaṃ vā yena yena jhānena. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – sace hi pathavīkasiṇena karaṇabhūtena pathavīkasiṇasamāpattiṃ ekavāraṃ samāpajjanto purimasaññānirodhaṃ phusati ekaṃ saññaggaṃ, atha dve vāre, tayo vāre, vārasataṃ, vārasahassaṃ, vārasatasahassaṃ vā samāpajjanto purimasaññānirodhaṃ phusati, satasahassaṃ, saññaggāni. Esa nayo sesakasiṇesu. Jhānesupi sace paṭhamajjhānena karaṇabhūtena ekavāraṃ purimasaññānirodhaṃ phusati ekaṃ saññaggaṃ. Atha dve vāre<a name="V1.0279"></a>, tayo vāre, vārasataṃ, vārasahassaṃ, vārasatasahassaṃ vā purimasaññānirodhaṃ phusati, satasahassaṃ saññaggāni. Esa nayo sesajjhānasamāpattīsupi. Iti ekavāraṃ samāpajjanavasena vā sabbampi sañjānanalakkhaṇena saṅgahetvā vā ekaṃ saññaggaṃ hoti, aparāparaṃ samāpajjanavasena bahūni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para416"></a><a name="para416_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">416</span>. <span class="bld">Saññā nu kho, bhante</span>ti bhante nirodhasamāpajjanakassa bhikkhuno ‘‘saññā nu kho paṭhamaṃ uppajjatī’’ti pucchati. Tassa bhagavā ‘‘saññā kho, poṭṭhapādā’’ti byākāsi. Tattha <span class="bld">saññā</span>ti jhānasaññā. <span class="bld">Ñāṇa</span>nti vipassanāñāṇaṃ. Aparo nayo, <span class="bld">saññā</span>ti vipassanā saññā. <span class="bld">Ñāṇa</span>nti maggañāṇaṃ. Aparo nayo, <span class="bld">saññā</span>ti maggasaññā. <span class="bld">Ñāṇa</span>nti phalañāṇaṃ. Tipiṭakamahāsivatthero panāha –</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kiṃ ime bhikkhū bhaṇanti, poṭṭhapādo heṭṭhā bhagavantaṃ nirodhaṃ pucchi. Idāni nirodhā vuṭṭhānaṃ pucchanto ‘‘bhagavā nirodhā vuṭṭhahantassa kiṃ paṭhamaṃ arahattaphalasaññā uppajjati, udāhu paccavekkhaṇañāṇa’’nti vadati. Athassa bhagavā yasmā phalasaññā paṭhamaṃ uppajjati, pacchā paccavekkhaṇañāṇaṃ<a name="P2.0376"></a>. Tasmā ‘‘saññā kho poṭṭhapādā’’ti āha. Tattha <span class="bld">saññuppādā</span>ti arahattaphalasaññāya uppādā, pacchā ‘‘idaṃ arahattaphala’’nti evaṃ paccavekkhaṇañāṇuppādo hoti. <span class="bld">Idappaccayā kira me</span>ti phalasamādhisaññāpaccayā kira mayhaṃ paccavekkhaṇañāṇaṃ uppannanti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Saññāattakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para417"></a><a name="para417_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">417</span>. Idāni paribbājako yathā nāma gāmasūkaro gandhodakena nhāpetvā gandhehi anulimpitvā mālādāmaṃ piḷandhitvā sirisayane āropitopi <a name="M1.0310"></a> sukhaṃ na vindati, vegena gūthaṭṭhānameva gantvā sukhaṃ vindati. Evameva bhagavatā saṇhasukhumatilakkhaṇabbhāhatāya desanāya nhāpitavilittamaṇḍitopi nirodhakathāsirisayanaṃ āropitopi tattha sukhaṃ na vindanto gūthaṭṭhānasadisaṃ attano laddhiṃ gahetvā tameva pucchanto ‘‘saññā nu kho, bhante, purisassa attā’’tiādimāha. Athassānumatiṃ gahetvā byākātukāmo bhagavā – ‘‘kaṃ pana tva’’ntiādimāha. Tato so ‘‘arūpī attā’’ti evaṃ laddhiko samānopi ‘‘bhagavā desanāya sukusalo, so me āditova laddhiṃ mā viddhaṃsetū’’ti cintetvā attano laddhiṃ pariharanto ‘‘oḷārikaṃ kho’’tiādimāha. Athassa bhagavā tattha dosaṃ dassento ‘‘oḷāriko ca hi te’’tiādimāha<a name="V1.0280"></a>. Tattha <span class="bld">evaṃ santa</span>nti evaṃ sante. Bhummatthe hi etaṃ upayogavacanaṃ. Evaṃ santaṃ attānaṃ paccāgacchato tavāti ayaṃ vā ettha attho. Catunnaṃ khandhānaṃ ekuppādekanirodhattā kiñcāpi yā saññā uppajjati, sāva nirujjhati. Aparāparaṃ upādāya pana ‘‘aññā ca saññā uppajjanti, aññā ca saññā nirujjhantī’’ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para418-420"></a><a name="para418-420_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">418-420</span>. Idāni aññaṃ laddhiṃ dassento – ‘‘manomayaṃ kho ahaṃ, bhante’’tiādiṃ vatvā tatrāpi dose dinne yathā nāma ummattako yāvassa saññā nappatiṭṭhāti, tāva aññaṃ gahetvā aññaṃ vissajjeti, saññāpatiṭṭhānakāle pana vattabbameva vadati, evameva <a name="P2.0377"></a> aññaṃ gahetvā aññaṃ vissajjetvā idāni attano laddhiṃyeva vadanto ‘‘arūpī kho’’tiādimāha. Tatrāpi yasmā so saññāya uppādanirodhaṃ icchati, attānaṃ pana sassataṃ maññati. Tasmā tathevassa dosaṃ dassento bhagavā ‘‘evaṃ santampī’’tiādimāha. Tato paribbājako micchādassanena abhibhūtattā bhagavatā vuccamānampi taṃ nānattaṃ ajānanto ‘‘sakkā panetaṃ, bhante, mayā’’tiādimāha. Athassa bhagavā yasmā so saññāya uppādanirodhaṃ passantopi saññāmayaṃ attānaṃ niccameva maññati. Tasmā ‘‘dujjānaṃ kho’’tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatthāyaṃ saṅkhepattho – tava aññā diṭṭhi, aññā khanti, aññā ruci, aññathāyeva te dassanaṃ pavattaṃ, aññadeva ca te khamati ceva ruccati ca, aññatra <a name="M1.0311"></a> ca te āyogo, aññissāyeva paṭipattiyā yuttapayuttatā, aññattha ca te ācariyakaṃ, aññasmiṃ titthāyatane ācariyabhāvo. Tena tayā evaṃ aññadiṭṭhikena aññakhantikena aññarucikena aññatrāyogena aññatrācariyakena dujjānaṃ etanti. Atha paribbājako – ‘‘saññā vā purisassa attā hotu, aññā vā saññā, taṃ sassatādi bhāvamassa pucchissa’’nti puna ‘‘kiṃ pana bhante’’tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">loko</span>ti attānaṃ sandhāya vadati. <span class="bld">Na hetaṃ poṭṭhapāda atthasañhita</span>nti poṭṭhapāda etaṃ diṭṭhigataṃ na idhalokaparalokaatthanissitaṃ, na attatthaparatthanissitaṃ. <span class="bld">Na dhammasaṃhita</span>nti na navalokuttaradhammanissitaṃ. <span class="bld">Nādibrahmacariyaka</span>nti sikkhattayasaṅkhātassa sāsanabrahmacariyakassa na ādimattaṃ, adhisīlasikkhāmattampi na hoti. <span class="bld">Na nibbidāyā</span>ti saṃsāravaṭṭe nibbindanatthāya na saṃvattati. <span class="bld">Na</span> <a name="P2.0378"></a> <span class="bld">virāgāyā</span>ti vaṭṭavirāgatthāya na saṃvattati. <span class="bld">Na nirodhāyā</span>ti vaṭṭassa nirodhakaraṇatthāya na saṃvattati. <span class="bld">Na upasamāyā</span>ti vaṭṭassa vūpasamanatthāya na saṃvattati. <span class="bld">Na abhiññāyā</span>ti vaṭṭābhijānanāya paccakkhakiriyāya na saṃvattati. <span class="bld">Na sambodhāyā</span>ti vaṭṭasambujjhanatthāya na <a name="V1.0281"></a> saṃvattati. <span class="bld">Na nibbānāyā</span>ti amatamahānibbānassa paccakkhakiriyāya na saṃvattati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Idaṃ dukkha</span>ntiādīsu taṇhaṃ ṭhapetvā tebhūmakā pañcakkhandhā dukkhanti, tasseva dukkhassa pabhāvanato sappaccayā taṇhā dukkhasamudayoti. Ubhinnaṃ appavatti dukkhanirodhoti, ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadāti mayā byākatanti attho. Evañca pana vatvā bhagavā ‘‘imassa paribbājakassa maggapātubhāvo vā phalasacchikiriyā vā natthi, mayhañca bhikkhācāravelā’’ti cintetvā tuṇhī ahosi. Paribbājakopi taṃ ākāraṃ ñatvā bhagavato gamanakālaṃ ārocento viya ‘‘evameta’’ntiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para421"></a><a name="para421_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">421</span>. <span class="bld">Vācāsannitodakenā</span>ti vacanapatodena. <span class="bld">Sañjhabbharimakaṃsū</span>ti sañjhabbharitaṃ nirantaraṃ phuṭṭhaṃ akaṃsu, upari vijjhiṃsūti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Bhūta</span>nti sabhāvato vijjamānaṃ. <span class="bld">Tacchaṃ, tatha</span>nti tasseva vevacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Dhammaṭṭhitata</span>nti navalokuttaradhammesu <a name="M1.0312"></a> ṭhitasabhāvaṃ. <span class="bld">Dhammaniyāmata</span>nti lokuttaradhammaniyāmataṃ. Buddhānañhi catusaccavinimuttā kathā nāma natthi. Tasmā sā edisā hoti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Cittahatthisāriputtapoṭṭhapādavatthuvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para422"></a><a name="para422_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">422</span>. <span class="bld">Citto ca hatthisāriputto</span>ti so kira sāvatthiyaṃ hatthiācariyassa putto bhagavato santike pabbajitvā tīṇi piṭakāni uggahetvā sukhumesu atthantaresu kusalo ahosi, pubbe katapāpakammavasena pana sattavāre vibbhamitvā gihi jāto. Kassapasammāsambuddhassa kira sāsane dve sahāyakā ahesuṃ, aññamaññaṃ samaggā ekatova sajjhāyanti. Tesu eko anabhirato gihibhāve cittaṃ uppādetvā itarassa ārocesi. So gihibhāve ādīnavaṃ pabbajjāya ānisaṃsaṃ <a name="P2.0379"></a> dassetvā taṃ ovadi. So taṃ sutvā abhiramitvā punekadivasaṃ tādise citte uppanne taṃ etadavoca ‘‘mayhaṃ āvuso evarūpaṃ cittaṃ uppajjati – ‘imāhaṃ pattacīvaraṃ tuyhaṃ dassāmī’ti’’. So pattacīvaralobhena tassa gihibhāve ānisaṃsaṃ dassetvā pabbajjāya ādīnavaṃ kathesi. Athassa taṃ sutvāva gihibhāvato cittaṃ virajjitvā pabbajjāyameva abhirami. Evamesa tadā sīlavantassa bhikkhuno gihibhāve ānisaṃsakathāya kathitattā idāni cha vāre vibbhamitvā sattame vāre pabbajito. Mahāmoggallānassa, mahākoṭṭhikattherassa ca abhidhammakathaṃ kathentānaṃ antarantarā kathaṃ opāteti. Atha naṃ mahākoṭṭhikatthero apasādeti. So <a name="V1.0282"></a> mahāsāvakassa kathite patiṭṭhātuṃ asakkonto vibbhamitvā gihi jāto. Poṭṭhapādassa panāyaṃ gihisahāyako hoti. Tasmā vibbhamitvā dvīhatīhaccayena poṭṭhapādassa santikaṃ gato. Atha naṃ so disvā ‘‘samma kiṃ tayā kataṃ, evarūpassa nāma satthu sāsanā apasakkantosi, ehi pabbajituṃ idāni te vaṭṭatī’’ti taṃ gahetvā bhagavato santikaṃ agamāsi. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘citto ca hatthisāriputto poṭṭhapādo ca paribbājako’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para423"></a><a name="para423_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">423</span>. <span class="bld">Andhā</span>ti paññācakkhuno natthitāya andhā, tasseva abhāvena acakkhukā. <span class="bld">Tvaṃyeva nesaṃ eko cakkhumā</span>ti subhāsitadubbhāsitajānanabhāvamattena paññācakkhunā cakkhumā. <span class="bld">Ekaṃsikā</span>ti ekakoṭṭhāsā. <span class="bld">Paññattā</span>ti <a name="M1.0313"></a> ṭhapitā. <span class="bld">Anekaṃsikā</span>ti na ekakoṭṭhāsā ekeneva koṭṭhāsena sassatāti vā asassatāti vā na vuttāti attho.</p>
<p class="subhead">Ekaṃsikadhammavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para424-425"></a><a name="para424-425_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">424-425</span>. <span class="bld">Santi poṭṭhapādā</span>ti idaṃ bhagavā kasmā ārabhi? Bāhirakehi paññāpitaniṭṭhāya aniyyānikabhāvadassanatthaṃ. Sabbe hi titthiyā yathā bhagavā amataṃ nibbānaṃ, evaṃ attano attano samaye lokathupikādivasena niṭṭhaṃ paññapenti, sā ca na niyyānikā. Yathā paññattā <a name="P2.0380"></a> hutvā na niyyāti na gacchati, aññadatthu paṇḍitehi paṭikkhittā nivattati, taṃ dassetuṃ bhagavā evamāha. Tattha <span class="bld">ekantasukhaṃ lokaṃ jānaṃ passa</span>nti puratthimāya disāya ekantasukho loko pacchimādīnaṃ vā aññatarāyāti evaṃ jānantā evaṃ passantā viharatha. Diṭṭhapubbāni kho tasmiṃ loke manussānaṃ sarīrasaṇṭhānādīnīti. <span class="bld">Appāṭihīrakata</span>nti appāṭihīrakataṃ paṭiharaṇavirahitaṃ, aniyyānikanti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para426-427"></a><a name="para426-427_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">426-427</span>. <span class="bld">Janapadakalyāṇī</span>ti janapade aññāhi itthīhi vaṇṇasaṇṭhānavilāsākappādīhi asadisā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Tayoattapaṭilābhavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para428"></a><a name="para428_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">428</span>. Evaṃ bhagavā paresaṃ niṭṭhāya aniyyānikattaṃ dassetvā attano niṭṭhāya niyyānikabhāvaṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘tayo kho me poṭṭhapādā’’tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">attapaṭilābho</span>ti attabhāvapaṭilābho, ettha ca bhagavā tīhi attabhāvapaṭilābhehi tayo bhave dassesi. Oḷārikattabhāvapaṭilābhena <a name="V1.0283"></a> avīcito paṭṭhāya paranimmitavasavattipariyosānaṃ kāmabhavaṃ dassesi. Manomayaattabhāvapaṭilābhena paṭhamajjhānabhūmito paṭṭhāya akaniṭṭhabrahmalokapariyosānaṃ rūpabhavaṃ dassesi. Arūpaattabhāvapaṭilābhena ākāsānañcāyatanabrahmalokato paṭṭhāya nevasaññānāsaññāyatanabrahmalokapariyosānaṃ arūpabhavaṃ dassesi. Saṃkilesikā dhammā nāma dvādasa akusalacittuppādā. Vodāniyā dhammā nāma samathavipassanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para429"></a><a name="para429_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">429</span>. <span class="bld">Paññāpāripūriṃ</span> <a name="M1.0314"></a> <span class="bld">vepullatta</span>nti maggapaññāphalapaññānaṃ pāripūriñceva vipulabhāvañca. <span class="bld">Pāmujja</span>nti taruṇapīti. <span class="bld">Pītī</span>ti balavatuṭṭhi. Kiṃ vuttaṃ hoti? Yaṃ avocumha ‘‘sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja vihiratī’’ti, tattha tassa evaṃ viharato taṃ pāmojjañceva bhavissati, pīti ca nāmakāyapassaddhi ca sati ca sūpaṭṭhitā uttamañāṇañca sukho ca vihāro. Sabbavihāresu ca ayameva vihāro ‘‘sukho’’ti vattuṃ yutto ‘‘upasanto paramamadhuro’’ti. Tattha <a name="P2.0381"></a> paṭhamajjhāne pāmojjādayo chapi dhammā labbhanti, dutiyajjhāne dubbalapītisaṅkhātaṃ pāmojjaṃ nivattati, sesā pañca labbhanti. Tatiye pīti nivattati, sesā cattāro labbhanti. Tathā catutthe. Imesu catūsu jhānesu sampasādanasutte suddhavipassanā pādakajjhānameva kathitaṃ. Pāsādikasutte catūhi maggehi saddhiṃ vipassanā kathitā. Dasuttarasutte catutthajjhānikaphalasamāpatti kathitā. Imasmiṃ poṭṭhapādasutte pāmojjaṃ pītivevacanameva katvā dutiyajjhānikaphalasamāpattināma kathitāti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para432-437"></a><a name="para432-437_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">432-437</span>. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ vā so</span>ti ettha vā saddo vibhāvanattho hoti. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ so</span>ti evaṃ vibhāvetvā pakāsetvā byākareyyāma. Yathāpare ‘‘ekantasukhaṃ attānaṃ sañjānāthā’’ti puṭṭhā ‘‘no’’ti vadanti, na evaṃ vadāmāti attho. <span class="bld">Sappāṭihīrakata</span>nti sappāṭiharaṇaṃ, niyyānikanti attho. <span class="bld">Mogho hotī</span>ti tuccho hoti, natthi so tasmiṃ samayeti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Sacco hotī</span>ti bhūto hoti, sveva tasmiṃ samaye sacco hotīti attho. Ettha panāyaṃ citto attano asabbaññutāya tayo attapaṭilābhe kathetvā attapaṭilābho nāma paññattimattaṃ etanti uddharituṃ nāsakkhi, attapaṭilābho tveva niyyātesi. Athassa bhagavā rūpādayo cettha dhammā, attapaṭilābhoti pana nāmamattametaṃ, tesu tesu rūpādīsu sati evarūpā vohārā hontīti dassetukāmo tasseva kathaṃ gahetvā nāmapaññattivasena niyyātanatthaṃ ‘‘yasmiṃ citta samaye’’tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para438"></a><a name="para438_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">438</span>. Evañca pana vatvā paṭipucchitvā vinayanatthaṃ puna ‘‘sace taṃ, citta, evaṃ puccheyyu’’ntiādimāha<a name="V1.0284"></a>. Tattha yo me ahosi atīto attapaṭilābho<a name="M1.0315"></a>, sveva me attapaṭilābho, tasmiṃ samaye sacco ahosi, mogho anāgato mogho paccuppannoti <a name="P2.0382"></a> ettha tāva imamatthaṃ dasseti – yasmā ye te atītā dhammā, te etarahi natthi, ahesunti pana saṅkhyaṃ gatā, tasmā sopi me attapaṭilābho tasmiṃyeva samaye sacco ahosi. Anāgatapaccuppannānaṃ pana dhammānaṃ tadā abhāvā tasmiṃ samaye ‘‘mogho anāgato, mogho paccuppanno’’ti, evaṃ atthato nāmamattameva attapaṭilābhaṃ paṭijānāti. Anāgatapaccuppannesupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para439-443"></a><a name="para439-443_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">439-443</span>. Atha bhagavā tassa byākaraṇena saddhiṃ attano byākaraṇaṃ saṃsandituṃ ‘‘evameva kho cittā’’tiādīni vatvā puna opammato tamatthaṃ sādhento <span class="bld">‘‘seyyathāpi citta gavā khīra’’</span>ntiādimāha. Tatrāyaṃ saṅkhepattho, yathā gavā khīraṃ, khīrādīhi ca dadhiādīni bhavanti, tattha yasmiṃ samaye khīraṃ hoti, na tasmiṃ samaye dadhīti vā navanītādīsu vā aññataranti saṅkhyaṃ niruttiṃ nāmaṃ vohāraṃ gacchati. Kasmā? Ye dhamme upādāya dadhītiādi vohārā honti, tesaṃ abhāvā. Atha kho khīraṃ tveva tasmiṃ samaye saṅkhyaṃ gacchati. Kasmā? Ye dhamme upādāya khīranti saṅkhyā nirutti nāmaṃ vohāro hoti, tesaṃ bhāvāti. Esa nayo sabbattha. <span class="bld">Imā kho cittā</span>ti oḷāriko attapaṭilābho iti ca manomayo attapaṭilābho iti ca arūpo attapaṭilābho iti ca imā kho citta lokasamaññā loke samaññāmattakāni samanujānanamattakāni etāni. Tathā lokaniruttimattakāni vacanapathamattakāni vohāramattakāni nāmapaṇṇattimattakāni etānīti. Evaṃ bhagavā heṭṭhā tayo attapaṭilābhe kathetvā idāni sabbametaṃ vohāramattakanti vadati. Kasmā? Yasmā paramatthato satto nāma natthi, suñño tuccho esa loko.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Buddhānaṃ pana dve kathā sammutikathā ca paramatthakathā ca. Tattha ‘‘satto poso devo brahmā’’tiādikā ‘‘sammutikathā’’ nāma. ‘‘Aniccaṃ dukkhamanattā khandhā dhātuyo āyatanāni satipaṭṭhānā sammappadhānā’’tiādikā paramatthakathā nāma. Tattha yo sammutidesanāya ‘‘satto’’ti <a name="P2.0383"></a> vā ‘‘poso’’ti vā ‘‘devo’’ti vā ‘‘brahmā’’ti vā vutte vijānituṃ paṭivijjhituṃ niyyātuṃ <a name="M1.0316"></a> arahattajayaggāhaṃ gahetuṃ sakkoti, tassa bhagavā āditova ‘‘satto’’ti vā ‘‘poso’’ti vā ‘‘devo’’ti vā ‘‘brahmā’’ti vā katheti, yo paramatthadesanāya ‘‘anicca’’nti vā ‘‘dukkha’’nti vātiādīsu aññataraṃ sutvā vijānituṃ paṭivijjhituṃ niyyātuṃ arahattajayaggāhaṃ gahetuṃ sakkoti, tassa ‘‘anicca’’nti vā ‘‘dukkha’’nti vātiādīsu aññatarameva katheti. Tathā sammutikathāya <a name="V1.0285"></a> bujjhanakasattassāpi na paṭhamaṃ paramatthakathaṃ katheti. Sammutikathāya pana bodhetvā pacchā paramatthakathaṃ katheti. Paramatthakathāya bujjhanakasattassāpi na paṭhamaṃ sammutikathaṃ katheti. Paramatthakathāya pana bodhetvā pacchā sammutikathaṃ katheti. Pakatiyā pana paṭhamameva paramatthakathaṃ kathentassa desanā lūkhākārā hoti, tasmā buddhā paṭhamaṃ sammutikathaṃ kathetvā pacchā paramatthakathaṃ kathenti. Sammutikathaṃ kathentāpi saccameva sabhāvameva amusāva kathenti. Paramatthakathaṃ kathentāpi saccameva sabhāvameva amusāva kathenti.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Duve saccāni akkhāsi, sambuddho vadataṃ varo;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sammutiṃ paramatthañca, tatiyaṃ nūpalabbhati.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Saṅketavacanaṃ saccaṃ, lokasammutikāraṇaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Paramatthavacanaṃ saccaṃ, dhammānaṃ bhūtalakkhaṇanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yāhi tathāgato voharati aparāmasa</span>nti yāhi lokasamaññāhi lokaniruttīhi tathāgato taṇhāmānadiṭṭhiparāmāsānaṃ abhāvā aparāmasanto voharatīti desanaṃ vinivaṭṭetvā arahattanikūṭena niṭṭhāpesi. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānatthamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti sumaṅgalavilāsiniyā dīghanikāyaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</p>
<p class="centered">Poṭṭhapādasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter"><a name="dn1_10"></a>10. Subhasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">Subhamāṇavakavatthuvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para444"></a><a name="para444_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">444</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="P2.0384"></a><a name="V1.0286"></a><a name="M1.0317"></a> <span class="bld">me sutaṃ…pe… sāvatthiya</span>nti subhasuttaṃ. Tatrāyaṃ anuttānapadavaṇṇanā. <span class="bld">Aciraparinibbute bhagavatī</span>ti aciraṃ parinibbute bhagavati, parinibbānato uddhaṃ māsamatte kāle. Nidānavaṇṇanāyaṃ vuttanayeneva bhagavato pattacīvaraṃ ādāya āgantvā khīravirecanaṃ pivitvā vihāre nisinnadivasaṃ sandhāyetaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Todeyyaputto</span>ti todeyyabrāhmaṇassa putto, so kira sāvatthiyā avidūre tudigāmo nāma atthi, tassa adhipatittā todeyyoti saṅkhyaṃ gato. Mahaddhano pana hoti pañcacattālīsakoṭivibhavo, paramamaccharī – ‘‘dadato bhogānaṃ aparikkhayo nāma natthī’’ti cintetvā kassaci kiñci na deti, puttampi āha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Añjanānaṃ khayaṃ disvā, vammikānañca sañcayaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Madhūnañca samāhāraṃ, paṇḍito gharamāvase’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ adānameva sikkhāpetvā kāyassa bhedā tasmiṃyeva ghare sunakho hutvā nibbatto. Subho taṃ sunakhaṃ ativiya piyāyati. Attano bhuñjanakabhattaṃyeva bhojeti, ukkhipitvā varasayane sayāpeti. Atha bhagavā ekadivasaṃ nikkhante māṇave taṃ gharaṃ piṇḍāya pāvisi. Sunakho bhagavantaṃ disvā bhukkāraṃ karonto bhagavato samīpaṃ gato. Tato naṃ bhagavā avoca ‘‘todeyya tvaṃ pubbepi maṃ ‘bho, bho’ti paribhavitvā sunakho jāto, idānipi bhukkāraṃ katvā avīciṃ gamissasī’’ti. Sunakho taṃ kathaṃ sutvā vippaṭisārī hutvā uddhanantare chārikāya nipanno, manussā naṃ ukkhipitvā sayane sayāpetuṃ nāsakkhiṃsu<a name="P2.0385"></a>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Subho āgantvā ‘‘kenāyaṃ sunakho sayanā oropito’’ti āha. Manussā ‘‘na kenacī’’ti <a name="V1.0287"></a> vatvā taṃ pavattiṃ ārocesuṃ. Māṇavo sutvā ‘‘mama pitā brahmaloke nibbatto, samaṇo pana gotamo me pitaraṃ sunakhaṃ karoti yaṃ kiñci esa mukhārūḷhaṃ bhāsatī’’ti kujjhitvā bhagavantaṃ musāvādena <a name="M1.0318"></a> codetukāmo vihāraṃ gantvā taṃ pavattiṃ pucchi. Bhagavā tassa tatheva vatvā avisaṃvādanatthaṃ āha – ‘‘atthi pana te, māṇava, pitarā na akkhātaṃ dhana’’nti. Atthi, bho gotama, satasahassagghanikā suvaṇṇamālā, satasahassagghanikā suvaṇṇapādukā, satasahassagghanikā suvaṇṇapāti, satasahassañca kahāpaṇanti. Gaccha taṃ sunakhaṃ appodakaṃ madhupāyāsaṃ bhojetvā sayanaṃ āropetvā īsakaṃ niddaṃ okkantakāle puccha, sabbaṃ te ācikkhissati, atha naṃ jāneyyāsi – ‘‘pitā me eso’’ti. So tathā akāsi. Sunakho sabbaṃ ācikkhi, tadā naṃ – ‘‘pitā me’’ti ñatvā bhagavati pasannacitto gantvā bhagavantaṃcuddasa pañhe pucchitvā vissajjanapariyosāne bhagavantaṃ saraṇaṃ gato, taṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ ‘‘subho māṇavo todeyyaputto’’ti. <span class="bld">Sāvatthiyaṃ paṭivasatī</span>ti attano bhogagāmato āgantvā vasati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para445-446"></a><a name="para445-446_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">445-446</span>. <span class="bld">Aññataraṃ māṇavakaṃ āmantesī</span>ti satthari parinibbute ‘‘ānandatthero kirassa pattacīvaraṃ gahetvā āgato, mahājano taṃ dassanatthāya upasaṅkamatī’’ti sutvā ‘‘vihāraṃ kho pana gantvā mahājanamajjhe na sakkā sukhena paṭisanthāraṃ vā kātuṃ, dhammakathaṃ vā sotuṃ gehaṃ āgataṃyeva naṃ disvā sukhena paṭisanthāraṃ karissāmi, ekā ca me kaṅkhā atthi, tampi naṃ pucchissāmī’’ti cintetvā aññataraṃ māṇavakaṃ āmantesi. <span class="bld">Appābādha</span>ntiādīsu <span class="bld">ābādho</span>ti visabhāgavedanā vuccati, yā ekadese uppajjitvā cattāro iriyāpathe ayapaṭṭena ābandhitvā viya gaṇhati, tassā abhāvaṃ pucchāti vadati. <span class="bld">Appātaṅko</span>ti <a name="P2.0386"></a> kicchajīvitakaro rogo vuccati, tassāpi abhāvaṃ pucchāti vadati. Gilānasseva ca uṭṭhānaṃ nāma garukaṃ hoti, kāye balaṃ na hoti, tasmā niggelaññabhāvañca balañca pucchāti vadati. <span class="bld">Phāsuvihāra</span>nti gamanaṭhānanisajjasayanesu catūsu iriyāpathesu sukhavihāraṃ pucchāti vadati. Athassa pucchitabbākāraṃ dassento ‘‘subho’’tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para447"></a><a name="para447_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">447</span>. <span class="bld">Kālañca samayañca upādāyā</span>ti kālañca samayañca paññāya gahetvā upadhāretvāti attho. Sace amhākaṃ sve gamanakālo bhavissati, kāye balamattā ceva pharissati, gamanapaccayā ca añño aphāsuvihāro <a name="M1.0319"></a> na bhavissati, athetaṃ kālañca gamanakāraṇasamavāyasaṅkhātaṃ samayañca upadhāretvā – ‘‘api eva nāma sve āgaccheyyāmā’’ti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para448"></a><a name="para448_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">448</span>. <span class="bld">Cetakena</span> <a name="V1.0288"></a> <span class="bld">bhikkhunā</span>ti cetiraṭṭhe jātattā cetakoti evaṃ laddhanāmena. <span class="bld">Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīya</span>nti bho, ānanda, dasabalassa ko nāma ābādho ahosi, kiṃ bhagavā paribhuñji. Api ca satthu parinibbānena tumhākaṃ soko udapādi, satthā nāma na kevalaṃ tumhākaṃyeva parinibbuto, sadevakassa lokassa mahājāni, ko dāni añño maraṇā muccissati, yatra so sadevakassa lokassa aggapuggalo parinibbuto, idāni kaṃ aññaṃ disvā maccurājā lajjissatīti evamādinā nayena maraṇapaṭisaṃyuttaṃ sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā therassa hiyyo pītabhesajjānurūpaṃ āhāraṃ datvā bhattakiccāvasāne ekamantaṃ nisīdi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upaṭṭhāko santikāvacaro</span>ti upaṭṭhāko hutvā santikāvacaro, na randhagavesī. Na vīmaṃsanādhippāyo. <span class="bld">Samīpacārī</span>ti idaṃ purimapadasseva vevacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Yesaṃ so bhavaṃ gotamo</span>ti kasmā pucchati? Tassa kira evaṃ ahosi ‘‘yesu dhammesu bhavaṃ gotamo imaṃ lokaṃ patiṭṭhapesi, te tassa accayena naṭṭhā nu kho, dharanti nu kho, sace dharanti, ānando jānissati, handa naṃ pucchāmī’’ti, tasmā pucchi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para449"></a><a name="para449_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">449</span>. Athassa <a name="P2.0387"></a> thero tīṇi piṭakāni tīhi khandhehi saṅgahetvā dassento ‘‘tiṇṇaṃ kho’’tiādimāha. Māṇavo saṅkhittena kathitaṃ asallakkhento – ‘‘vitthārato pucchissāmī’’ti cintetvā ‘‘katamesaṃ tiṇṇa’’ntiādimāha.</p>
<p class="subhead">Sīlakkhandhavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para450-453"></a><a name="para450-453_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">450-453</span>. Tato therena ‘‘ariyassa sīlakkhandhassā’’ti tesu dassitesu puna <span class="bld">‘‘katamo pana so, bho ānanda, ariyo sīlakkhandho’’</span>ti ekekaṃ pucchi. Theropissa buddhuppādaṃ dassetvā tantidhammaṃ desento anukkamena bhagavatā vuttanayeneva sabbaṃ vissajjesi. Tattha <span class="bld">atthi</span> <a name="M1.0320"></a> <span class="bld">cevettha uttarikaraṇīya</span>nti ettha bhagavato sāsane na sīlameva sāro, kevalañhetaṃ patiṭṭhāmattameva hoti. Ito uttari pana aññampi kattabbaṃ atthi yevāti dassesi. <span class="bld">Ito bahiddhā</span>ti buddhasāsanato bahiddhā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Samādhikkhandhavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para454"></a><a name="para454_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">454</span>. <span class="bld">Kathañca</span><a name="V1.0289"></a>, <span class="bld">māṇava, bhikkhu indriyesu guttadvāro hotī</span>ti idamāyasmā ānando ‘‘katamo pana so, bho ānanda, ariyo samādhikkhandho’’ti evaṃ samādhikkhandhaṃ puṭṭhopi ye te ‘‘sīlasampanno indriyesu guttadvāro satisampajaññena samannāgato santuṭṭho’’ti evaṃ sīlānantaraṃ indriyasaṃvarādayo sīlasamādhīnaṃ antare ubhinnampi upakārakadhammā uddiṭṭhā, te niddisitvā samādhikkhandhaṃ dassetukāmo ārabhi. Ettha ca rūpajjhānāneva āgatāni, na arūpajjhānāni, ānetvā pana dīpetabbāni. Catutthajjhānena hi asaṅgahitā arūpasamāpatti nāma natthiyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para471-480"></a><a name="para471-480_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">471-480</span>. <span class="bld">Atthi cevettha uttarikaraṇīya</span>nti ettha bhagavato sāsane na cittekaggatāmattakeneva pariyosānappatti nāma atthi, itopi uttari pana aññaṃ kattabbaṃ atthi yevāti dasseti. <span class="bld">Natthi cevettha uttarikaraṇīya</span>nti ettha bhagavato sāsane ito uttari kātabbaṃ nāma natthiyeva, arahattapariyosānañhi bhagavato sāsananti dasseti. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānatthamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti sumaṅgalavilāsiniyā dīghanikāyaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</p>
<p class="centered">Subhasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter"><a name="dn1_11"></a>11. Kevaṭṭasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">Kevaṭṭagahapatiputtavatthuvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para481"></a><a name="para481_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">481</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="P2.0388"></a><a name="V1.0290"></a><a name="M1.0321"></a> <span class="bld">me sutaṃ…pe… nāḷandāya</span>nti kevaṭṭasuttaṃ. Tatrāyaṃ apubbapadavaṇṇanā. <span class="bld">Pāvārikambavane</span>ti pāvārikassa ambavane. <span class="bld">Kevaṭṭo</span>ti idaṃ tassa gahapatiputtassa nāmaṃ. So kira cattālīsakoṭidhano gahapatimahāsālo ativiya saddho pasanno ahosi. So saddhādhikattāyeva ‘‘sace eko bhikkhu aḍḍhamāsantarena vā māsantarena vā saṃvaccharena vā ākāse uppatitvā vividhāni pāṭihāriyāni dasseyya, sabbo jano ativiya pasīdeyya. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ bhagavantaṃ yācitvā pāṭihāriyakaraṇatthāya ekaṃ bhikkhuṃ anujānāpeyya’’nti cintetvā bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamitvā evamāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">iddhā</span>ti samiddhā <span class="bld">phītā</span>ti nānābhaṇḍaussannatāya vuddhippattā. <span class="bld">Ākiṇṇamanussā</span>ti aṃsakūṭena aṃsakūṭaṃ paharitvā viya vicarantehi manussehi ākiṇṇā. <span class="bld">Samādisatū</span>ti āṇāpetu ṭhānantare ṭhapetu. <span class="bld">Uttarimanussadhammā</span>ti uttarimanussānaṃ dhammato, dasakusalasaṅkhātato vā manussadhammato uttari. <span class="bld">Bhiyyosomattāyā</span>ti pakatiyāpi pajjalitapadīpo telasnehaṃ labhitvā viya atirekappamāṇena abhippasīdissati. <span class="bld">Na kho aha</span>nti bhagavā rājagahaseṭṭhivatthusmiṃ sikkhāpadaṃ paññapesi, tasmā ‘‘na kho aha’’ntiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para482"></a><a name="para482_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">482</span>. <span class="bld">Na dhaṃsemī</span>ti na guṇavināsanena dhaṃsemi, sīlabhedaṃ pāpetvā anupubbena uccaṭṭhānato otārento nīcaṭṭhāne <a name="P2.0389"></a> na ṭhapemi, atha kho ahaṃ buddhasāsanassa vuddhiṃ paccāsīsanto kathemīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Tatiyampi kho</span>ti yāvatatiyaṃ buddhānaṃ kathaṃ paṭibāhitvā kathetuṃ visahanto nāma natthi. Ayaṃ pana bhagavatā saddhiṃ vissāsiko vissāsaṃ vaḍḍhetvā vallabho hutvā atthakāmosmīti tikkhattuṃ kathesi.</p>
<p class="subhead">Iddhipāṭihāriyavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para483-484"></a><a name="para483-484_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">483-484</span>. Atha <a name="V1.0291"></a> bhagavā ayaṃ upāsako mayi paṭibāhantepi punappunaṃ yācatiyeva. ‘‘Handassa pāṭihāriyakaraṇe ādīnavaṃ dassemī’’ti cintetvā <a name="M1.0322"></a> ‘‘tīṇi kho’’tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">amāhaṃ bhikkhu</span>nti amuṃ ahaṃ bhikkhuṃ. <span class="bld">Gandhārī</span>ti gandhārena nāma isinā katā, gandhāraraṭṭhe vā uppannā vijjā. Tattha kira bahū isayo vasiṃsu, tesu ekena katā vijjāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Aṭṭīyāmī</span>ti aṭṭo pīḷito viya homi. <span class="bld">Harāyāmī</span>ti lajjāmi. <span class="bld">Jigucchāmī</span>ti gūthaṃ disvā viya jigucchaṃ uppādemi.</p>
<p class="subhead">Ādesanāpāṭihāriyavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para485"></a><a name="para485_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">485</span>. <span class="bld">Parasattāna</span>nti aññesaṃ sattānaṃ. Dutiyaṃ tasseva vevacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ādisatī</span>ti katheti. <span class="bld">Cetasika</span>nti somanassadomanassaṃ adhippetaṃ. <span class="bld">Evampi te mano</span>ti evaṃ tava mano somanassito vā domanassito vā kāmavitakkādisampayutto vā. Dutiyaṃ tasseva vevacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Itipi te citta</span>nti iti tava cittaṃ, idañcidañca atthaṃ cintayamānaṃ pavattatīti attho. <span class="bld">Maṇikā nāma vijjā</span>ti cintāmaṇīti evaṃ laddhanāmā loke ekā vijjā atthi. Tāya paresaṃ cittaṃ jānātīti dīpeti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Anusāsanīpāṭihāriyavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para486"></a><a name="para486_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">486</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ vitakkethā</span>ti nekkhammavitakkādayo evaṃ pavattentā vitakketha. <span class="bld">Mā evaṃ vitakkayitthā</span>ti evaṃ kāmavitakkādayo pavattentā mā vitakkayittha. <span class="bld">Evaṃ manasi karothā</span>ti evaṃ aniccasaññameva, dukkhasaññādīsu vā aññataraṃ manasi karotha. <span class="bld">Mā</span> <a name="P2.0390"></a> <span class="bld">eva</span>nti ‘‘nicca’’ntiādinā nayena mā manasi karittha. Idanti idaṃ pañcakāmaguṇikarāgaṃ pajahatha. <span class="bld">Idaṃ upasampajjā</span>ti idaṃ catumaggaphalappabhedaṃ lokuttaradhammameva upasampajja pāpuṇitvā nipphādetvā viharatha. Iti bhagavā iddhividhaṃ <span class="bld">iddhipāṭihāriya</span>nti dasseti, parassa cittaṃ ñatvā kathanaṃ <span class="bld">ādesanāpāṭihāriya</span>nti. Sāvakānañca buddhānañca satataṃ dhammadesanā <span class="bld">anusāsanīpāṭihāriyanti.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="V1.0292"></a> iddhipāṭihāriyena anusāsanīpāṭihāriyaṃ mahāmoggallānassa āciṇṇaṃ, ādesanāpāṭihāriyena anusāsanīpāṭihāriyaṃ dhammasenāpatissa. Devadatte saṃghaṃ bhinditvā pañca bhikkhusatāni gahetvā gayāsīse buddhalīḷāya tesaṃ dhammaṃ desante hi bhagavatā pesitesu dvīsu aggasāvakesu dhammasenāpati tesaṃ cittācāraṃ ñatvā dhammaṃ desesi<a name="M1.0323"></a>, therassa dhammadesanaṃ sutvā pañcasatā bhikkhū sotāpattiphale patiṭṭhahiṃsu. Atha nesaṃ mahāmoggallāno vikubbanaṃ dassetvā dassetvā dhammaṃ desesi, taṃ sutvā sabbe arahattaphale patiṭṭhahiṃsu. Atha dvepi mahānāgā pañca bhikkhusatāni gahetvā vehāsaṃ abbhuggantvā veḷuvanamevāgamiṃsu. Anusāsanīpāṭihāriyaṃ pana buddhānaṃ satataṃ dhammadesanā, tesu iddhipāṭihāriyaādesanāpāṭihāriyāni saupārambhāni sadosāni, addhānaṃ na tiṭṭhanti, addhānaṃ atiṭṭhanato na niyyanti. Anusāsanīpāṭihāriyaṃ anupārambhaṃ niddosaṃ, addhānaṃ tiṭṭhati, addhānaṃ tiṭṭhanato niyyāti. Tasmā bhagavā iddhipāṭihāriyañca ādesanāpāṭihāriyañca garahati, anusāsanīpāṭihāriyaṃyeva pasaṃsati.</p>
<p class="subhead">Bhūtanirodhesakavatthuvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para487"></a><a name="para487_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">487</span>. <span class="bld">Bhūtapubba</span>nti idaṃ kasmā bhagavatā āraddhaṃ. Iddhipāṭihāriyaādesanāpāṭihāriyānaṃ aniyyānikabhāvadassanatthaṃ, anusāsanīpāṭihāriyasseva niyyānikabhāvadassanatthaṃ. Api ca sabbabuddhānaṃ mahābhūtapariyesako nāmeko bhikkhu hotiyeva. Yo mahābhūte pariyesanto yāva brahmalokā vicaritvā vissajjetāraṃ alabhitvā āgamma <a name="P2.0391"></a> buddhameva pucchitvā nikkaṅkho hoti. Tasmā buddhānaṃ mahantabhāvappakāsanatthaṃ, idañca kāraṇaṃ paṭicchannaṃ, atha naṃ vivaṭaṃ katvā desentopi bhagavā ‘‘bhūtapubba’’ntiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">kattha nu kho</span>ti kismiṃ ṭhāne kiṃ āgamma kiṃ pattassa te anavasesā appavattivasena nirujjhanti. Mahābhūtakathā panesā sabbākārena visuddhimagge vuttā, tasmā sā tatova gahetabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para488"></a><a name="para488_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">488</span>. <span class="bld">Devayāniyo maggo</span>ti pāṭiyekko devalokagamanamaggo nāma natthi, iddhividhañāṇasseva panetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Tena hesa yāva brahmalokāpi kāyena vasaṃ vattento devalokaṃ yāti. Tasmā ‘‘taṃ devayāniyo maggo’’ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Yena cātumahārājikā</span>ti samīpe ṭhitampi bhagavantaṃ apucchitvā dhammatāya codito devatā mahānubhāvāti maññamāno upasaṅkami. <span class="bld">Mayampi kho, bhikkhu, na jānāmā</span>ti buddhavisaye pañhaṃ <a name="M1.0324"></a> pucchitā devatā na jānanti<a name="V1.0293"></a>, tenevamāhaṃsu. Atha kho so bhikkhu ‘‘mama imaṃ pañhaṃ na kathetuṃ na labbhā, sīghaṃ kathethā’’ti tā devatā ajjhottharati, punappunaṃ pucchati, tā ‘‘ajjhottharati no ayaṃ bhikkhu, handa naṃ hatthato mocessāmā’’ti cintetvā ‘‘atthi kho bhikkhu cattāro mahārājāno’’tiādimāhaṃsu. Tattha <span class="bld">abhikkantatarā</span>ti atikkamma kantatarā. <span class="bld">Paṇītatarā</span>ti vaṇṇayasaissariyādīhi uttamatarā etena nayena sabbavāresu attho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para491-493"></a><a name="para491-493_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">491-493</span>. Ayaṃ pana viseso – sakko kira devarājā cintesi ‘‘ayaṃ pañho buddhavisayo, na sakkā aññena vissajjituṃ, ayañca bhikkhu aggiṃ pahāya khajjopanakaṃ dhamanto viya, bheriṃ pahāya udaraṃ vādento viya ca, loke aggapuggalaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ pahāya devatā pucchanto vicarati, pesemi naṃ satthusantika’’nti. Tato punadeva so cintesi ‘‘sudūrampi gantvā satthu santikeva nikkaṅkho bhavissati<a name="P2.0392"></a>. Atthi ceva puggalo nāmesa, thokaṃ tāva āhiṇḍanto kilamatu pacchā jānissatī’’ti. Tato taṃ ‘‘ahampi kho’’tiādimāha. Brahmayāniyopi devayāniyasadisova. Devayāniyamaggoti vā brahmayāniyamaggoti vā dhammasetūti vā ekacittakkhaṇikaappanāti vā sanniṭṭhānikacetanāti vā mahaggatacittanti vā abhiññāñāṇanti vā sabbametaṃ iddhividhañāṇasseva nāmaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para494"></a><a name="para494_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">494</span>. <span class="bld">Pubbanimitta</span>nti āgamanapubbabhāge nimittaṃ sūriyassa udayato aruṇuggaṃ viya. Tasmā idāneva brahmā āgamissati, evaṃ mayaṃ jānāmāti dīpayiṃsu. <span class="bld">Pāturahosī</span>ti pākaṭo ahosi. Atha kho so brahmā tena bhikkhunā puṭṭho attano avisayabhāvaṃ ñatvā sacāhaṃ ‘‘na jānāmī’’ti vakkhāmi, ime maṃ paribhavissanti, atha jānanto viya yaṃ kiñci kathessāmi, ayaṃ me bhikkhu veyyākaraṇena anāraddhacitto vādaṃ āropessati. ‘‘Ahamasmi bhikkhu brahmā’’tiādīni pana me bhaṇantassa na koci vacanaṃ saddahissati. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ vikkhepaṃ katvā imaṃ bhikkhuṃ satthusantikaṃyeva peseyyanti cintetvā ‘‘ahamasmi bhikkhu brahmā’’tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para495-496"></a><a name="para495-496_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">495-496</span>. <span class="bld">Ekamantaṃ</span> <a name="M1.0325"></a> <span class="bld">apanetvā</span>ti kasmā evamakāsi? Kuhakattā. <span class="bld">Bahiddhā pariyeṭṭhi</span>nti telatthiko vālikaṃ nippīḷiyamāno viya yāva brahmalokā bahiddhā pariyesanaṃ āpajjati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para497"></a><a name="para497_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">497</span>. <span class="bld">Sakuṇa</span>nti kākaṃ vā kulalaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Na kho eso, bhikkhu, pañho evaṃ pucchitabbo</span>ti <a name="V1.0294"></a> idaṃ bhagavā yasmā padesenesa pañho pucchitabbo, ayañca kho bhikkhu anupādinnakepi gahetvā nippadesato pucchati, tasmā paṭisedheti. Āciṇṇaṃ kiretaṃ buddhānaṃ, pucchāmūḷhassa janassa pucchāya dosaṃ dassetvā pucchaṃ sikkhāpetvā pucchāvissajjanaṃ. Kasmā? Pucchituṃ ajānitvā paripucchanto duviññāpayo hoti. Pañhaṃ sikkhāpento pana ‘‘kattha āpo cā’’tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para498"></a><a name="para498_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">498</span>. Tattha <span class="bld">na gādhatī</span>ti na patiṭṭhāti, ime cattāro <a name="P2.0393"></a> mahābhūtā kiṃ āgamma appatiṭṭhā bhavantīti attho. Upādinnaṃyeva sandhāya pucchati. <span class="bld">Dīghañca rassañcā</span>ti saṇṭhānavasena upādārūpaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Aṇuṃ thūla</span>nti khuddakaṃ vā mahantaṃ vā, imināpi upādārūpe vaṇṇamattameva kathitaṃ. <span class="bld">Subhāsubha</span>nti subhañca asubhañca upādārūpameva kathitaṃ. Kiṃ pana upādārūpaṃ subhanti asubhanti atthi? Natthi. Iṭṭhāniṭṭhārammaṇaṃ paneva kathitaṃ. <span class="bld">Nāmañca rūpañcā</span>ti nāmañca dīghādibhedaṃ rūpañca. <span class="bld">Uparujjhatī</span>ti nirujjhati, kiṃ āgamma asesametaṃ nappavattatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ pucchitabbaṃ siyāti pucchaṃ dassetvā idāni vissajjanaṃ dassento tatra veyyākaraṇaṃ bhavatīti vatvā – ‘‘viññāṇa’’ntiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para499"></a><a name="para499_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">499</span>. Tattha viññātabbanti <span class="bld">viññāṇaṃ</span> nibbānassetaṃ nāmaṃ, tadetaṃ nidassanābhāvato <span class="bld">anidassanaṃ.</span> Uppādanto vā vayanto vā ṭhitassa aññathattanto vā etassa natthīti <span class="bld">anantaṃ. Pabha</span>nti panetaṃ kira titthassa nāmaṃ, tañhi papanti etthāti papaṃ, pakārassa pana bhakāro kato. Sabbato pabhamassāti <span class="bld">sabbatopabhaṃ.</span> Nibbānassa kira yathā mahāsamuddassa yato yato otaritukāmā honti, taṃ tadeva titthaṃ, atitthaṃ nāma natthi. Evameva aṭṭhatiṃsāya kammaṭṭhānesu yena yena mukhena nibbānaṃ otaritukāmā honti, taṃ tadeva titthaṃ, nibbānassa atitthaṃ nāma natthi. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘sabbatopabha’’nti. <span class="bld">Ettha āpo cā</span>ti ettha <a name="M1.0326"></a> nibbāne idaṃ nibbānaṃ āgamma sabbametaṃ āpotiādinā nayena vuttaṃ upādinnaka dhammajātaṃ nirujjhati, appavattaṃ hotīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idānissa nirujjhanūpāyaṃ dassento ‘‘viññāṇassa nirodhena etthetaṃ uparujjhatī’’ti āha. Tattha <span class="bld">viññāṇa</span>nti carimakaviññāṇampi abhisaṅkhāraviññāṇampi<a name="P2.0394"></a>, carimakaviññāṇassāpi hi nirodhena etthetaṃ uparujjhati. Vijjhātadīpasikhā viya apaṇṇattikabhāvaṃ yāti. Abhisaṅkhāraviññāṇassāpi anuppādanirodhena anuppādavasena uparujjhati. Yathāha ‘‘sotāpattimaggañāṇena abhisaṅkhāraviññāṇassa nirodhena ṭhapetvā sattabhave anamatagge saṃsāre ye <a name="V1.0295"></a> uppajjeyyuṃ nāmañca rūpañca etthete nirujjhantī’’ti sabbaṃ cūḷaniddese vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti sumaṅgalavilāsiniyā dīghanikāyaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</p>
<p class="centered">Kevaṭṭasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter"><a name="dn1_12"></a>12. Lohiccasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">Lohiccabrāhmaṇavatthuvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para501"></a><a name="para501_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">501</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="P2.0395"></a><a name="V1.0296"></a><a name="M1.0327"></a> <span class="bld">me sutaṃ…pe… kosalesū</span>ti lohiccasuttaṃ. Tatrāyaṃ anuttānapadavaṇṇanā. <span class="bld">Sālavatikā</span>ti tassa gāmassa nāmaṃ, so kira vatiyā viya samantato sālapantiyā parikkhitto. Tasmā sālavatikāti vuccati. <span class="bld">Lohicco</span>ti tassa brāhmaṇassa nāmaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para502-503"></a><a name="para502-503_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">502-503</span>. <span class="bld">Pāpaka</span>nti parānukampā virahitattā lāmakaṃ, na pana ucchedasassatānaṃ aññataraṃ. <span class="bld">Uppannaṃ hotī</span>ti jātaṃ hoti, na kevalañca citte jātamattameva. So kira tassa vasena parisamajjhepi evaṃ bhāsatiyeva. <span class="bld">Kiñhi paro parassā</span>ti paro yo anusāsīyati, so tassa anusāsakassa kiṃ karissati. Attanā paṭiladdhaṃ kusalaṃ dhammaṃ attanāva sakkatvā garuṃ katvā vihātabbanti vadati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para504-407"></a><a name="para504-407_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">504-407</span>. <span class="bld">Rosikaṃ nhāpitaṃ āmantesī</span>ti rosikāti evaṃ itthiliṅgavasena laddhanāmaṃ nhāpitaṃ āmantesi. So kira bhagavato āgamanaṃ sutvā cintesi – ‘‘vihāraṃ gantvā diṭṭhaṃ nāmaṃ bhāro, gehaṃ pana āṇāpetvā passissāmi ceva yathāsatti ca āgantukabhikkhaṃ dassāmī’’ti, tasmā evaṃ nhāpitaṃ āmantesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para508"></a><a name="para508_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">508</span>. <span class="bld">Piṭṭhito piṭṭhito</span>ti kathāphāsukatthaṃ pacchato pacchato anubandho hoti. <span class="bld">Vivecetū</span>ti vimocetu, taṃ diṭṭhigataṃ vinodetūti vadati. Ayaṃ kira upāsako lohiccassa brāhmaṇassa piyasahāyako. Tasmā tassa atthakāmatāya evamāha. <span class="bld">Appeva nāma siyā</span>ti ettha paṭhamavacanena bhagavā gajjati, dutiyavacanena anugajjati. Ayaṃ kirettha <a name="P2.0396"></a> adhippāyo – rosike etadatthameva mayā cattāri asaṅkhyeyyāni. Kappasatasahassañca vividhāni dukkarāni karontena pāramiyo pūritā<a name="V1.0297"></a>, etadatthameva sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ paṭividdhaṃ, na me lohiccassa diṭṭhigataṃ bhindituṃ bhāroti, imamatthaṃ dassento paṭhamavacanena bhagavā gajjati. Kevalaṃ rosike <a name="M1.0328"></a> lohiccassa mama santike āgamanaṃ vā nisajjā vā allāpasallāpo vā hotu, sacepi lohiccasadisānaṃ satasahassassa kaṅkhā hoti, paṭibalo ahaṃ vinodetuṃ lohiccassa pana ekassa diṭṭhivinodane mayhaṃ ko bhāroti imamatthaṃ dassento dutiyavacanena bhagavā anugajjatīti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="subhead">Lohiccabrāhmaṇānuyogavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para509"></a><a name="para509_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">509</span>. <span class="bld">Samudayasañjātī</span>ti samudayassa sañjāti bhoguppādo, tato uṭṭhitaṃ dhanadhaññanti attho. <span class="bld">Ye taṃ upajīvantī</span>ti ye ñātiparijanadāsakammakarādayo janā taṃ nissāya jīvanti. <span class="bld">Antarāyakaro</span>ti lābhantarāyakaro. <span class="bld">Hitānukampī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">hita</span>nti vuḍḍhi. <span class="bld">Anukampatī</span>ti anukampī, icchatīti attho, vuḍḍhiṃ icchati vā no vāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Nirayaṃ vā tiracchānayoniṃ vā</span>ti sace sā micchādiṭṭhi sampajjati, niyatā hoti, ekaṃsena niraye nibbattati, no ce, tiracchānayoniyaṃ nibbattatīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para510-512"></a><a name="para510-512_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">510-512</span>. Idāni yasmā yathā attano lābhantarāyena sattā saṃvijjanti na tathā paresaṃ, tasmā suṭṭhutaraṃ brāhmaṇaṃ pavecetukāmo ‘‘taṃ kiṃ maññasī’’ti dutiyaṃ upapattimāha. <span class="bld">Ye cime</span>ti ye ca ime tathāgatassa dhammadesanaṃ sutvā ariyabhūmiṃ okkamituṃ asakkontā kulaputtā <span class="bld">dibbā gabbhā</span>ti upayogatthe paccattavacanaṃ, dibbe gabbheti attho. Dibbā, gabbhāti ca channaṃ devalokānametaṃ adhivacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Paripācentī</span>ti devalokagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ pūrayamānā dānaṃ, dadamānā, sīlaṃ rakkhamānā, gandhamālādīhi, pūjaṃ kurumānā bhāvanaṃ bhāvayamānā pācenti vipācenti paripācenti pariṇāmaṃ gamenti. <span class="bld">Dibbānaṃ bhavānaṃ abhinibbattiyā</span>ti dibbabhavā nāma devānaṃ vimānāni<a name="P2.0397"></a>, tesaṃ nibbattanatthāyāti attho. Atha vā <span class="bld">dibbā gabbhā</span>ti dānādayo puññavisesā. <span class="bld">Dibbā bhavā</span>ti devaloke vipākakkhandhā, tesaṃ nibbattanatthāya tāni puññāni karontīti attho. <span class="bld">Tesaṃ antarāyakaro</span>ti tesaṃ maggasampattiphalasampattidibbabhavavisesānaṃ antarāyakaro. Iti bhagavā ettāvatā aniyamiteneva opammavidhinā yāva bhavaggā <a name="M1.0329"></a> uggataṃ brāhmaṇassa mānaṃ bhinditvā idāni codanārahe tayo satthāre dassetuṃ ‘‘tayo kho me, lohiccā’’tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="subhead">Tayo codanārahavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para513"></a><a name="para513_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">513</span>. Tattha <a name="V1.0298"></a> <span class="bld">sā codanā</span>ti tayo satthāre codentassa codanā. <span class="bld">Na aññā cittaṃ upaṭṭhapentī</span>ti aññāya ājānanatthāya cittaṃ na upaṭṭhapenti. <span class="bld">Vokkammā</span>ti nirantaraṃ tassa sāsanaṃ akatvā tato ukkamitvā vattantīti attho. <span class="bld">Osakkantiyā vā ussakkeyyā</span>ti paṭikkamantiyā upagaccheyya, anicchantiyā iccheyya, ekāya sampayogaṃ anicchantiyā eko iccheyyāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Parammukhiṃ vā āliṅgeyyā</span>ti daṭṭhumpi anicchamānaṃ parammukhiṃ ṭhitaṃ pacchato gantvā āliṅgeyya. <span class="bld">Evaṃsampadamida</span>nti imassāpi satthuno ‘‘mama ime sāvakā’’ti sāsanā vokkamma vattamānepi te lobhena anusāsato imaṃ lobhadhammaṃ evaṃsampadameva īdisameva vadāmi. Iti so evarūpo tava lobhadhammo yena tvaṃ osakkantiyā ussakkanto viya parammukhiṃ āliṅganto viya ahosītipi taṃ codanaṃ arahati. <span class="bld">Kiñhi paro parassa karissatī</span>ti yena dhammena pare anusāsi, attānameva tāva tattha sampādehi, ujuṃ karohi. Kiñhi paro parassa karissatīti codanaṃ arahati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para514"></a><a name="para514_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">514</span>. <span class="bld">Niddāyitabba</span>nti sassarūpakāni tiṇāni uppāṭetvā parisuddhaṃ kātabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para515"></a><a name="para515_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">515</span>. Tatiyacodanāya <span class="bld">kiñhi paro parassā</span>ti anusāsanaṃ asampaṭicchanakālato paṭṭhāya paro anusāsitabbo, parassa <a name="P2.0398"></a> anusāsakassa kiṃ karissatīti nanu tattha appossukkataṃ āpajjitvā attanā paṭividdhadhammaṃ attanāva mānetvā pūjetvā vihātabbanti evaṃ codanaṃ arahatīti attho.</p>
<p class="subhead">Na codanārahasatthuvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para516"></a><a name="para516_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">516</span>. <span class="bld">Na</span> <a name="M1.0330"></a> <span class="bld">codanāraho</span>ti ayañhi yasmā paṭhamameva attānaṃ patirūpe patiṭṭhāpetvā sāvakānaṃ dhammaṃ deseti. Sāvakā cassa assavā hutvā yathānusiṭṭhaṃ paṭipajjanti, tāya ca paṭipattiyā mahantaṃ visesamadhigacchanti. Tasmā na codanārahoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para517"></a><a name="para517_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">517</span>. <span class="bld">Narakapapātaṃ papatanto</span>ti mayā gahitāya diṭṭhiyā ahaṃ narakapapātaṃ papatanto. <span class="bld">Uddharitvā</span> <a name="V1.0299"></a> <span class="bld">thale patiṭṭhāpito</span>ti taṃ diṭṭhiṃ bhinditvā dhammadesanāhatthena apāyapatanato uddharitvā saggamaggathale ṭhapitomhīti vadati. Sesamettha uttānamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti sumaṅgalavilāsiniyā dīghanikāyaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</p>
<p class="centered">Lohiccasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="chapter"><a name="dn1_13"></a>13. Tevijjasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para518"></a><a name="para518_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">518</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="P2.0399"></a><a name="V1.0300"></a><a name="M1.0331"></a> <span class="bld">me sutaṃ…pe… kosalesū</span>ti tevijjasuttaṃ. Tatrāyaṃ anuttānapadavaṇṇanā. <span class="bld">Manasākaṭa</span>nti tassa gāmassa nāmaṃ. <span class="bld">Uttarena manasākaṭassā</span>ti manasākaṭato avidūre uttarapasse. <span class="bld">Ambavane</span>ti taruṇaambarukkhasaṇḍe, ramaṇīyo kira so bhūmibhāgo, heṭṭhā rajatapaṭṭasadisā vālikā vippakiṇṇā, upari maṇivitānaṃ viya ghanasākhāpattaṃ ambavanaṃ. Tasmiṃ buddhānaṃ anucchavike pavivekasukhe ambavane viharatīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para519"></a><a name="para519_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">519</span>. <span class="bld">Abhiññātā abhiññātā</span>ti kulacārittādisampattiyā tattha tattha paññātā. <span class="bld">Caṅkī</span>tiādīni tesaṃ nāmāni. Tattha <span class="bld">caṅkī</span> opāsādavāsiko. <span class="bld">Tārukkho</span> icchānaṅgalavāsiko. <span class="bld">Pokkharasātī</span> ukkaṭṭhavāsiko. <span class="bld">Jāṇusoṇī</span> sāvatthivāsiko. <span class="bld">Todeyyo</span> tudigāmavāsiko. <span class="bld">Aññe cā</span>ti aññe ca bahujanā. Attano attano nivāsaṭṭhānehi āgantvā mantasajjhāyakaraṇatthaṃ tattha paṭivasanti. Manasākaṭassa kira ramaṇīyatāya te brāhmaṇā tattha nadītīre gehāni kāretvā parikkhipāpetvā aññesaṃ bahūnaṃ pavesanaṃ nivāretvā antarantarā tattha gantvā vasanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para520-521"></a><a name="para520-521_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">520-521</span>. <span class="bld">Vāseṭṭhabhāradvājāna</span>nti <span class="bld">vāseṭṭhassa</span> ca pokkharasātino antevāsikassa, <span class="bld">bhāradvājassa</span> ca tārukkhantevāsikassa. Ete kira dve jātisampannā tiṇṇaṃ vedānaṃ pāragū ahesuṃ. <span class="bld">Jaṅghavihāra</span>nti aticiranisajjapaccayā kilamathavinodanatthāya jaṅghacāraṃ. Te kira divasaṃ sajjhāyaṃ katvā sāyanhe vuṭṭhāya nhānīyasambhāragandhamālateladhotavatthāni gāhāpetvā attano parijanaparivutā nhāyitukāmā <a name="P2.0400"></a> nadītīraṃ gantvā rajatapaṭṭavaṇṇe vālikāsaṇḍe aparāparaṃ caṅkamiṃsu. Ekaṃ caṅkamantaṃ itaro anucaṅkami, puna itaraṃ itaroti. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘anucaṅkamantānaṃ anuvicarantāna’’nti. <span class="bld">Maggāmagge</span>ti magge ca amagge ca. Katamaṃ nu kho paṭipadaṃ pūretvā katamena maggena sakkā sukhaṃ brahmalokaṃ gantunti evaṃ maggāmaggaṃ ārabbha kathaṃ samuṭṭhāpesunti attho. <span class="bld">Añjasāyano</span>ti ujumaggassetaṃ vevacanaṃ, añjasā <a name="M1.0332"></a> vā ujukameva etena āyanti āgacchantīti <a name="V1.0301"></a> añjasāyano <span class="bld">niyyāniko niyyātī</span>ti niyyāyanto niyyāti, gacchanto gacchatīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Takkarassa brahmasahabyatāyā</span>ti yo taṃ maggaṃ karoti paṭipajjati, tassa brahmunā saddhiṃ sahabhāvāya, ekaṭṭhāne pātubhāvāya gacchatīti attho. <span class="bld">Yvāya</span>nti yo ayaṃ. <span class="bld">Akkhāto</span>ti kathito dīpito. <span class="bld">Brāhmaṇena pokkharasātinā</span>ti attano ācariyaṃ apadisati. Iti vāseṭṭho sakameva ācariyavādaṃ thometvā paggaṇhitvā vicarati. Bhāradvājopi sakamevāti. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘neva kho asakkhi vāseṭṭho’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tato vāseṭṭho ‘‘ubhinnampi amhākaṃ kathā aniyyānikāva, imasmiñca loke maggakusalo nāma bhotā gotamena sadiso natthi, bhavañca gotamo avidūre vasati, so no tulaṃ gahetvā nisinnavāṇijo viya kaṅkhaṃ chindissatī’’ti cintetvā tamatthaṃ bhāradvājassa ārocetvā ubhopi gantvā attano kathaṃ bhagavato ārocesuṃ. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘atha kho vāseṭṭho…pe… yvāyaṃ akkhāto brāhmaṇena tārukkhenā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para522"></a><a name="para522_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">522</span>. <span class="bld">Ettha bho gotamā</span>ti etasmiṃ maggāmagge. <span class="bld">Viggaho vivādo</span>tiādīsu pubbuppattiko viggaho. Aparabhāge vivādo. Duvidhopi eso nānāācariyānaṃ vādato nānāvādo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para523"></a><a name="para523_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">523</span>. <span class="bld">Atha kismiṃ pana vo</span>ti tvampi ayameva maggoti attano ācariyavādameva paggayha tiṭṭhasi, bhāradvājopi attano ācariyavādameva, ekassāpi ekasmiṃ saṃsayo natthi. Evaṃ sati kismiṃ vo viggahoti pucchati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para524"></a><a name="para524_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">524</span>. <span class="bld">Maggāmagge</span><a name="P2.0401"></a>, <span class="bld">bho gotamā</span>ti magge bho gotama amagge ca, ujumagge ca anujumagge cāti attho. Esa kira ekabrāhmaṇassāpi maggaṃ ‘‘na maggo’’ti na vadati. Yathā pana attano ācariyassa maggo ujumaggo, na <a name="M1.0333"></a> evaṃ aññesaṃ anujānāti, tasmā tamevatthaṃ dīpento ‘‘kiñcāpi bho gotamā’’tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbāni tānī</span>ti liṅgavipallāsena vadati, sabbe teti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Bahūnī</span>ti aṭṭha vā dasa <a name="V1.0302"></a> vā. <span class="bld">Nānāmaggānī</span>ti mahantāmahantajaṅghamaggasakaṭamaggādivasena nānāvidhāni sāmantā gāmanadītaḷākakhettādīhi āgantvā gāmaṃ pavisanamaggāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para525-526"></a><a name="para525-526_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">525-526</span>. <span class="bld">‘‘Niyyantī</span>ti vāseṭṭha vadesī’’ti bhagavā tikkhattuṃ vacībhedaṃ katvā paṭiññaṃ kārāpesi. Kasmā? Titthiyā hi paṭijānitvā pacchā niggayhamānā avajānanti. So tathā kātuṃ na sakkhissatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para527-529"></a><a name="para527-529_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">527-529</span>. <span class="bld">Teva tevijjā</span>ti te tevijjā. Vakāro āgamasandhimattaṃ. <span class="bld">Andhaveṇī</span>ti andhapaveṇī, ekena cakkhumatā gahitayaṭṭhiyā koṭiṃ eko andho gaṇhati, taṃ andhaṃ añño taṃ aññoti evaṃ paṇṇāsasaṭṭhi andhā paṭipāṭiyā ghaṭitā andhaveṇīti vuccati. <span class="bld">Paramparasaṃsattā</span>ti aññamaññaṃ laggā, yaṭṭhigāhakenapi cakkhumatā virahitāti attho. Eko kira dhutto andhagaṇaṃ disvā ‘‘asukasmiṃ nāma gāme khajjabhojjaṃ sulabha’’nti ussāhetvā ‘‘tena hi tattha no sāmi nehi, idaṃ nāma te demā’’ti vutte, lañjaṃ gahetvā antarāmagge maggā okkamma mahantaṃ gacchaṃ anuparigantvā purimassa hatthena pacchimassa kacchaṃ gaṇhāpetvā ‘‘kiñci kammaṃ atthi, gacchatha tāva tumhe’’ti vatvā palāyi, te divasampi gantvā maggaṃ avindamānā ‘‘kuhiṃ no cakkhumā, kuhiṃ maggo’’ti paridevitvā maggaṃ avindamānā tattheva mariṃsu. Te sandhāya vuttaṃ ‘‘paramparasaṃsattā’’ti. <span class="bld">Purimopī</span>ti purimesu dasasu brāhmaṇesu ekopi. <span class="bld">Majjhimopī</span>ti <a name="P2.0402"></a> majjhimesu ācariyapācariyesu ekopi. <span class="bld">Pacchimopī</span>ti idāni tevijjesu brāhmaṇesu ekopi. <span class="bld">Hassakaññevā</span>ti hasitabbameva. <span class="bld">Nāmakaññevā</span>ti lāmakaṃyeva. Tadetaṃ atthābhāvena <span class="bld">rittakaṃ,</span> rittakattāyeva <span class="bld">tucchakaṃ.</span> Idāni brahmaloko tāva tiṭṭhatu, yo tevijjehi na diṭṭhapubbova. Yepi candimasūriye tevijjā passanti, tesampi sahabyatāya maggaṃ desetuṃ nappahontīti dassanatthaṃ ‘‘taṃ kiṃ maññasī’’tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para530"></a><a name="para530_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">530</span>. Tattha <a name="M1.0334"></a> <span class="bld">yato candimasūriyā uggacchantī</span>ti yasmiṃ kāle uggacchanti. <span class="bld">Yattha ca oggacchantī</span>ti yasmiṃ kāle atthamenti, uggamanakāle ca atthaṅgamanakāle ca passantīti attho. <span class="bld">Āyācantī</span>ti ‘‘udehi bhavaṃ canda, udehi bhavaṃ sūriyā’’ti evaṃ āyācanti. <span class="bld">Thomayantī</span>ti ‘‘sommo cando, parimaṇḍalo cando, sappabho cando’’tiādīni vadantā pasaṃsanti. <span class="bld">Pañjalikā</span>ti paggahitaañjalikā. <span class="bld">Namassamānā</span>ti ‘‘namo namo’’ti vadamānā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para531-532"></a><a name="para531-532_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">531-532</span>. <span class="bld">Yaṃ passantī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">ya</span>nti nipātamattaṃ. <span class="bld">Kiṃ pana na kirā</span>ti ettha idha pana <a name="V1.0303"></a> kiṃ vattabbaṃ. Yattha kira tevijjehi brāhmaṇehi na brahmā sakkhidiṭṭhoti evamattho daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="subhead">Aciravatīnadīupamākathā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para542"></a><a name="para542_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">542</span>. <span class="bld">Samatittikā</span>ti samabharitā. <span class="bld">Kākapeyyā</span>ti yattha katthaci tīre ṭhitena kākena sakkā pātunti kākapeyyā. <span class="bld">Pāraṃ taritukāmo</span>ti nadiṃ atikkamitvā paratīraṃ gantukāmo. <span class="bld">Avheyyā</span>ti pakkoseyya. <span class="bld">Ehi pārāpāra</span>nti ambho pāra apāraṃ ehi, atha maṃ sahasāva gahetvā gamissasi, atthi me accāyikakammanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para544"></a><a name="para544_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">544</span>. <span class="bld">Ye dhammā brāhmaṇakārakā</span>ti ettha pañcasīladasakusalakammapathabhedā dhammā brāhmaṇakārakāti veditabbā<a name="P2.0403"></a>, tabbiparītā abrāhmaṇakārakā. <span class="bld">Indamavhāyāmā</span>ti indaṃ avhāyāma pakkosāma. Evaṃ brāhmaṇānaṃ avhāyanassa niratthakataṃ dassetvā punapi bhagavā aṇṇavakucchiyaṃ sūriyo viya jalamāno pañcasatabhikkhuparivuto aciravatiyā tīre nisinno aparampi nadīupamaṃyeva āharanto ‘‘seyyathāpī’’tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para546"></a><a name="para546_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">546</span>. <span class="bld">Kāmaguṇā</span>ti kāmayitabbaṭṭhena kāmā, bandhanaṭṭhena guṇā. ‘‘Anujānāmi bhikkhave, ahatānaṃ vatthānaṃ diguṇaṃ saṅghāṭi’’nti (mahāva. 348) ettha hi paṭalaṭṭho guṇaṭṭho. ‘‘Accenti kālā tarayanti rattiyo, vayoguṇā anupubbaṃ jahantī’’ti ettha rāsaṭṭho guṇaṭṭho. ‘‘Sataguṇā dakkhiṇā pāṭikaṅkhitabbā’’ti <a name="M1.0335"></a> (ma. ni. 3.379) ettha ānisaṃsaṭṭho guṇaṭṭho. ‘‘Antaṃ antaguṇaṃ (khu. pā. 3.1) kayirā mālāguṇe bahū’’ti (dha. pa. 53) ca ettha bandhanaṭṭho guṇaṭṭho. Idhāpi eseva adhippeto. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘bandhanaṭṭhena guṇā’’ti. <span class="bld">Cakkhuviññeyyā</span>ti cakkhuviññāṇena passitabbā. Etenupāyena sotaviññeyyādīsupi attho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Iṭṭhā</span>ti pariyiṭṭhā vā hontu, mā vā, iṭṭhārammaṇabhūtāti attho. <span class="bld">Kantā</span>ti kāmanīyā. <span class="bld">Manāpā</span>ti manavaḍḍhanakā. <span class="bld">Piyarūpā</span>ti piyajātikā. <span class="bld">Kāmūpasañhitā</span>ti ārammaṇaṃ katvā uppajjamānena kāmena upasañhitā. <span class="bld">Rajanīyā</span>ti rañjanīyā, rāguppattikāraṇabhūtāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gadhitā</span>ti gedhena abhibhūtā hutvā. <span class="bld">Mucchitā</span>ti mucchākārappattāya adhimattakāya taṇhāya abhibhūtā. <span class="bld">Ajjhopannā</span>ti adhiopannā ogāḷhā ‘‘idaṃ sāra’’nti pariniṭṭhānappattā hutvā. <span class="bld">Anādīnavadassāvino</span>ti <a name="V1.0304"></a> ādīnavaṃ apassantā. <span class="bld">Anissaraṇapaññā</span>ti idamettha nissaraṇanti, evaṃ parijānanapaññāvirahitā, paccavekkhaṇaparibhogavirahitāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para548"></a><a name="para548_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">548</span>. <span class="bld">Āvaraṇā</span>tiādīsu <a name="P2.0404"></a> āvarantīti <span class="bld">āvaraṇā.</span> Nivārentīti <span class="bld">nīvaraṇā.</span> Onandhantīti <span class="bld">onāhanā.</span> Pariyonandhantīti <span class="bld">pariyonāhanā.</span> Kāmacchandādīnaṃ vitthārakathā visuddhimaggato gahetabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para549-550"></a><a name="para549-550_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">549-550</span>. <span class="bld">Āvutā nivutā onaddhā pariyonaddhā</span>ti padāni āvaraṇādīnaṃ vasena vuttāni. <span class="bld">Sapariggaho</span>ti itthipariggahena sapariggahoti pucchati. <span class="bld">Apariggaho bho gotamā</span>tiādīsupi kāmacchandassa abhāvato itthipariggahena apariggaho. Byāpādassa abhāvato kenaci saddhiṃ veracittena avero. Thinamiddhassa abhāvato cittagelaññasaṅkhātena byāpajjena abyāpajjo. Uddhaccakukkuccābhāvato uddhaccakukkuccādīhi saṃkilesehi asaṃkiliṭṭhacitto suparisuddhamānaso. Vicikicchāya abhāvato cittaṃ vase vatteti. Yathā ca brāhmaṇā cittagatikā hontīti, cittassa vasena vattanti, na tādisoti vasavattī.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para552"></a><a name="para552_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">552</span>. <span class="bld">Idha</span> <a name="M1.0336"></a> <span class="bld">kho panā</span>ti idha brahmalokamagge. <span class="bld">Āsīditvā</span>ti amaggameva ‘‘maggo’’ti upagantvā. <span class="bld">Saṃsīdantī</span>ti ‘‘samatala’’nti saññāya paṅkaṃ otiṇṇā viya anuppavisanti. <span class="bld">Saṃsīditvā visāraṃ pāpuṇantī</span>ti evaṃ paṅke viya saṃsīditvā visāraṃ aṅgamaṅgasaṃbhañjanaṃ pāpuṇanti. <span class="bld">Sukkhataraṃ maññe tarantī</span>ti marīcikāya vañcetvā ‘‘kākapeyyā nadī’’ti saññāya ‘‘tarissāmā’’ti hatthehi ca pādehi ca vāyamamānā sukkhataraṇaṃ maññe taranti. Tasmā yathā hatthapādādīnaṃ saṃbhañjanaṃ paribhañjanaṃ, evaṃ apāyesu saṃbhañjanaṃ paribhañjanaṃ pāpuṇanti. Idheva ca sukhaṃ vā sātaṃ vā na labhanti. <span class="bld">Tasmā idaṃ tevijjānaṃ brāhmaṇāna</span>nti tasmā idaṃ brahmasahabyatāya maggadīpakaṃ tevijjakaṃ pāvacanaṃ tevijjānaṃ brāhmaṇānaṃ. <span class="bld">Tevijjāiriṇa</span>nti tevijjāaraññaṃ <span class="bld">iriṇa</span>nti hi agāmakaṃ mahāaraññaṃ vuccati. <span class="bld">Tevijjāvivana</span>nti pupphaphalehi aparibhogarukkhehi sañchannaṃ nirudakaṃ araññaṃ<a name="P2.0405"></a>. Yattha maggato ukkamitvā parivattitumpi na sakkā honti, taṃ sandhāyāha ‘‘tevijjāvivanantipi vuccatī’’ti. <span class="bld">Tevijjābyasana</span>nti tevijjānaṃ pañcavidhabyasanasadisametaṃ. Yathā hi ñātirogabhoga diṭṭhi sīlabyasanappattassa sukhaṃ nāma natthi, evaṃ tevijjānaṃ tevijjakaṃ pāvacanaṃ āgamma sukhaṃ nāma natthīti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para554"></a><a name="para554_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">554</span>. <span class="bld">Jātasaṃvaḍḍho</span>ti jāto ca vaḍḍhito ca, yo hi kevalaṃ tattha jātova hoti, aññattha <a name="V1.0305"></a> vaḍḍhito, tassa samantā gāmamaggā na sabbaso paccakkhā honti, tasmā jātasaṃvaḍḍhoti āha. Jātasaṃvaḍḍhopi yo ciranikkhanto, tassa na sabbaso paccakkhā honti. Tasmā ‘‘tāvadeva avasaṭa’’nti āha, taṅkhaṇameva nikkhantanti attho. <span class="bld">Dandhāyitatta</span>nti ayaṃ nu kho maggo, ayaṃ na nukhoti kaṅkhāvasena cirāyitattaṃ. <span class="bld">Vitthāyitatta</span>nti yathā sukhumaṃ atthajātaṃ sahasā pucchitassa kassaci sarīraṃ thaddhabhāvaṃ gaṇhāti, evaṃ thaddhabhāvaggahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Na tvevā</span>ti iminā sabbaññutaññāṇassa appaṭihatabhāvaṃ dasseti. Tassa hi purisassa mārāvaṭṭanādivasena siyā ñāṇassa <a name="M1.0337"></a> paṭighāto. Tena so dandhāyeyya vā vitthāyeyya vā. Sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ pana appaṭihataṃ, na sakkā tassa kenaci antarāyo kātunti dīpeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para555"></a><a name="para555_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">555</span>. <span class="bld">Ullumpatu bhavaṃ gotamo</span>ti uddharatu bhavaṃ gotamo. <span class="bld">Brāhmaṇiṃ paja</span>nti brāhmaṇadārakaṃ, bhavaṃ gotamo mama brāhmaṇaputtaṃ apāyamaggato uddharitvā brahmalokamagge patiṭṭhapetūti attho. Athassa bhagavā buddhuppādaṃ dassetvā saddhiṃ pubbabhāgapaṭipadāya mettāvihārādibrahmalokagāmimaggaṃ desetukāmo ‘‘tena hi vāseṭṭhā’’tiādimāha. Tattha ‘‘idha tathāgato’’tiādi sāmaññaphale vitthāritaṃ. Mettāsahagatenātiādīsu yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ sabbaṃ visuddhimagge brahmavihārakammaṭṭhānakathāyaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Seyyathāpi vāseṭṭha balavā saṅkhadhamo</span>tiādi pana idha apubbaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">balavā</span>ti balasampanno. <span class="bld">Saṅkhadhamo</span>ti <a name="P2.0406"></a> saṅkhadhamako. <span class="bld">Appakasirenā</span>ti akicchena adukkhena. Dubbalo hi saṅkhadhamo saṅkhaṃ dhamantopi na sakkoti catasso disā sarena viññāpetuṃ, nāssa saṅkhasaddo sabbato pharati. Balavato pana vipphāriko hoti, tasmā ‘‘balavā’’tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Mettāya cetovimuttiyā</span>ti ettha mettāti vutte upacāropi appanāpi vaṭṭati, ‘‘cettovimuttī’’ti vutte pana appanāva vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Yaṃ pamāṇakataṃ kamma</span>nti pamāṇakataṃ kammaṃ nāma kāmāvacaraṃ vuccati. Appamāṇakataṃ kammaṃ nāma rūpārūpāvacaraṃ. Tañhi pamāṇaṃ atikkamitvā odissakaanodissakadisāpharaṇavasena vaḍḍhetvā katattā appamāṇakatanti vuccati. <span class="bld">Na taṃ tatrāvasissati na taṃ tatrāvatiṭṭhatī</span>ti taṃ kāmāvacarakammaṃ tasmiṃ rūpāvacarārūpāvacarakamme na ohīyati, na tiṭṭhati. Kiṃ vuttaṃ hoti – taṃ kāmāvacarakammaṃ tassa rūpārūpāvacarakammassa antarā laggituṃ vā ṭhātuṃ vā rūpārūpāvacarakammaṃ pharitvā pariyādiyitvā attano okāsaṃ gahetvā patiṭṭhātuṃ na sakkoti. Atha kho rūpāvacarārūpāvacarakammameva kāmāvacaraṃ mahogho viya parittaṃ udakaṃ pharitvā pariyādiyitvā attano okāsaṃ gahetvā tiṭṭhati. Tassa vipākaṃ paṭibāhitvā sayameva brahmasahabyataṃ upanetīti. <span class="bld">Evaṃvihārī</span>ti evaṃ mettādivihārī.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para559"></a><a name="para559_dn1"></a><span class="paranum">559</span>. <span class="bld">Ete</span> <a name="V1.0306"></a><a name="M1.0338"></a> <span class="bld">mayaṃ bhavantaṃ gotama</span>nti idaṃ tesaṃ dutiyaṃ saraṇagamanaṃ. Paṭhamameva hete majjhimapaṇṇāsake vāseṭṭhasuttaṃ sutvā saraṇaṃ gatā, imaṃ pana tevijjasuttaṃ sutvā dutiyampi saraṇaṃ gatā. Katipāhaccayena pabbajitvā aggaññasutte upasampadañceva arahattañca alatthuṃ. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti sumaṅgalavilāsiniyā dīghanikāyaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</p>
<p class="centered">Tevijjasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Niṭṭhitā ca terasasuttapaṭimaṇḍitassa sīlakkhandhavaggassa</p>
<p class="centered">Atthavaṇṇanāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Sīlakkhandhavaggaṭṭhakathā niṭṭhitā.</p>
</body>