iapt-platform
/
mint
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<p class="centered"> Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa</p>
<p class="book">Visuddhimagga-mahāṭīkā</p>
<p class="subhead">(Dutiyo bhāgo)</p>
<p class="chapter">12. Iddhividhaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">Abhiññākathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para365"></a><span class="paranum">365</span>. Saṃvaṇṇanāvasena <a name="M2.0001"></a><a name="V2.0001"></a> anantarasamādhikathāya āsannapaccakkhataṃ dīpento <span class="bld">‘‘ayaṃ samādhibhāvanā’’</span>ti āha. ‘‘Abhiññā sampādetuṃ yogo kātabbo’’ti vatvā tattha payojanavisese dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘evañhī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Kiñcāpi thiratarabhāvo, vipassanābhāvanāsukhatā ca samādhibhāvanāya ānisaṃso eva, tathāpi pañca lokiyābhiññā yathāvuttasamādhibhāvanāya ānisaṃsabhāvena pākaṭā paññātāti tāsaṃyeva vasena yogino adhigatānisaṃsatā vuttā, cuddasadhā cittaparidamanena thirataratā vuttā. Lokiyābhiññāsu vasībhāvopi samādhisseva vasībhāvo, tathā ca ‘‘samāhito yathābhūtaṃ pajānātī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 3.5; 4.99; 5.1071; netti. 40; mi. pa. 2.1.14) vacanato <a name="V2.0002"></a> <span class="bld">‘‘sukheneva paññābhāvanaṃ sampādessatī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā samādhibhāvanāya ānisaṃsalābho thirataratā, sukheneva ca paññābhāvanā ijjhati, tasmā abhiññākathaṃ tāva ārabhissāma, paññābhāvanāya okāse sampattepīti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bhagavatā pañca lokikābhiññā vuttāti sambandho. Na catukkajjhānamattameva idha sāsane sampādetabbaṃ, napi iddhividhañāṇameva, atha kho aññampi atthīti <span class="bld">uttaruttaripaṇītapaṇītadhammadesanatthañca</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Iddhivikubbana</span>nti <a name="M2.0002"></a> iddhisaṅkhātaṃ pakativaṇṇajahanakiriyaṃ, idaṃ iddhīsu vikubbaniddhiyā padhānatāya vuttaṃ, iddhiṃ vikubbanañcāti evaṃ vā attho daṭṭhabbo. Vikubbanassa visuṃ gahaṇampi vuttakāraṇeneva daṭṭhabbaṃ. Ākāsakasiṇavasena arūpasamāpattiyo na sambhavanti, ālokakasiṇañca odātakasiṇantogadhaṃ katvā <span class="bld">‘‘odātakasiṇapariyantesū’’</span>ti vuttaṃ kasiṇānulomādicittaparidamanavidhino adhippetattā, ākāsanimmānādiatthaṃ pana tadubhayampi icchitabbameva. <span class="bld">Aṭṭha aṭṭhā</span>ti yathāvuttesu kasiṇesu ekekasmiṃ aṭṭha aṭṭha samāpattiyo. <span class="bld">Kasiṇānulomato</span>ti kasiṇapaṭipāṭito, paṭipāṭi ca desanāvasena veditabbā. <span class="bld">Jhānānulomo</span> pana paṭipattivasenapi. Ukkamanaṃ ukkantaṃ, ukkantameva ukkantikaṃ, jhānassa ukkantikaṃ <span class="bld">jhānukkantikaṃ,</span> tato, jhānalaṅghanatoti attho. <span class="bld">Aṅgasaṅkantito</span> aṅgātikkamato. <span class="bld">Cittaṃ paridametabbaṃ</span> yadicchakaṃ yatthicchakaṃ jhānānaṃ samāpajjanādisukhatthaṃ, tesaṃ ārammaṇānañca sallakkhaṇatthaṃ. Evañhissa tattha visavitā samijjhatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para366"></a><span class="paranum">366</span>. <span class="bld">Jhānaṃ samāpajjatī</span>ti kiṃ catubbidhampi jhānaṃ samāpajjati, udāhu ekekanti? Kiñcettha yadi catubbidhampi samāpajjati, aṅgasaṅkantito viseso na siyā, atha ekekaṃ ārammaṇasaṅkantito. Nāyaṃ doso ābhogavasena tesaṃ visesasiddhito. Yadā hi kasiṇānulomameva ābhujitvā tattha tattha kasiṇe jhānāni samāpajjati, na aṅgasaṅkantiṃ, tadā kasiṇānulomo. Yadā pana aṅgasaṅkantiṃ ābhujitvā jhānāni samāpajjati, tadā aṅgasaṅkanti veditabbā. Iminā nayena kasiṇānulomaārammaṇasaṅkantiādīnampi aññamaññaṃ viseso veditabbo. Idaṃ kasiṇānulomaṃ nāma cittaparidamananti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tathevā</span>ti <a name="V2.0003"></a> ‘‘paṭipāṭiyā aṭṭhasu kasiṇesu satakkhattumpi sahassakkhattumpī’’ti etassa upasaṃhārattho tathā-saddo. Paṭilomato cettha paṭipāṭi. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘paṭilomakkamenā’’</span>ti. Ayañhettha attho – paṭhamaṃ odātakasiṇe jhānaṃ samāpajjati, tato lohitakasiṇeti yāva pathavīkasiṇā vattabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Punappunaṃ samāpajjana</span>nti ‘‘satakkhattuṃ sahassakkhattu’’nti vuttaṃ bahulākāramāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tatthevā</span>ti <a name="M2.0003"></a> pathavīkasiṇeyeva. <span class="bld">Tato</span>ti pacchā tatiyajjhānato vuṭṭhānantarakālaṃ. <span class="bld">Tadevā</span>ti pathavīkasiṇameva. <span class="bld">Tato ākiñcaññāyatana</span>nti tato pathavīkasiṇugghāṭimākāse pavattitaākāsānañcāyatanasamāpattito vuṭṭhāya viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ amanasikaritvā taṃ laṅghitvā yathāvuttaākāsānañcāyatanaviññāṇassa abhāve pavattitaṃ ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ samāpajjati. Pathavīkasiṇugghāṭimākāsakasiṇaṃ pathavīkasiṇapakkhikameva hotīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kasiṇaṃ anukkamitvā’’</span>ti. Atha vā aṭṭhasu kasiṇesu kassaci ukkamanaṃ idha kasiṇukkantikaṃ nāmāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kasiṇaṃ anukkamitvā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Jhānukkantika</span>nti ettha icchitaṃ avadhāraṇena nivattetabbaṃ, ukkamanassa ca sarūpaṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘evaṃ kasiṇa’’ntiādiṃ vatvā puna taṃ pakāraṃ saha nissayena sesakasiṇesu atidisanto <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ āpokasiṇādi…pe… kātabbā’’</span>ti āha. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘iminā nayenā’’</span>tiādi. Yathā paṭhamajjhānamūlakaṃ pathavīkasiṇādīsu jhānukkantikaṃ dassitaṃ, evaṃ dutiyajjhānādimūlakampi taṃ yathārahaṃ dassetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tadevā</span>ti paṭhamajjhānameva. Kasiṇukkantikepi āpokasiṇādimūlikā yojanā vuttanayeneva kātabbā, tathā yathārahaṃ dutiyajjhānādimūlikā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Lohitakasiṇato ākiñcaññāyatana</span>nti lohitakasiṇaṃ āvajjento abhimukhaṃ katvā tassa ugghāṭanena upaṭṭhite kasiṇugghāṭimākāse amanasikārena ākāsānañcāyatanajjhānaṃ samāpajjitvā tattha pubbe pavattaviññāṇassa apagamaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ samāpajjati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Itaresa</span>nti avasiṭṭharūpāvacarajjhānānaṃ. Na hi arūpajjhānesu aṅgasaṅkanti atthi, nāpi tāni <a name="V2.0004"></a> pathavīkasiṇe pavattanti. Yaṃ pana aṅgārammaṇasaṅkantivacane ‘‘nīlakasiṇaṃ ugghāṭetvā ākāsānañcāyatana’’ntiādi vuttaṃ, taṃ yathālābhavasena vuttaṃ, pariyāyena vāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Nippariyāyato pana yathā aṅgasaṅkanti rūpajjhānesu eva labbhati, evaṃ arūpajjhānesu eva ārammaṇasaṅkanti. Tassa tasseva hi jhānassa ārammaṇantare pavatti <span class="bld">ārammaṇasaṅkanti</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbakasiṇesu ekasseva jhānassa samāpajjanaṃ ārammaṇasaṅkantikaṃ nāmā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā <a name="M2.0004"></a> pana ‘‘sabbakasiṇesū’’ti iminā ākāsaviññāṇakasiṇānampi saṅgaho hotīti na sakkā vattuṃ idha aṭṭhannaṃyeva kasiṇānaṃ adhigatattā, evaṃ sabbampi arūpajjhānaṃ ‘‘ekaṃ jhāna’’nti na sakkā vattuṃ aṭṭhannaṃ samāpattīnaṃ vasena cittaparidamanassa icchitattā. Tasmā āruppajjhānānaṃ vasena aṅgārammaṇasaṅkanti pariyāyena vuttāti veditabbaṃ. Tathā hi pītakasiṇugghāṭimākāse yaṃ paṭhamāruppaviññāṇaṃ, tadārammaṇaṃ viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘pītakasiṇato viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ samāpajjitvā’’</span>ti. Iminā nayena sesadvayepi attho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Ekantarikavasenā</span>ti aññattho antara-saddo. Antarameva antarikaṃ, ekajjhaṃ antarikaṃ etasminti ekantarikaṃ, jhānasamāpajjanaṃ, tassa vasena. Yathā aṅgānaṃ, ārammaṇassa ca ekajjhaṃ aññathā viseso hoti, tathā samāpajjanavasenāti. So pana viseso heṭṭhimānaṃ tesaṃ aṅgārammaṇānaṃ samatikkamanavasena hotīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ekantarikavasena aṅgānañca ārammaṇānañca saṅkamana’’</span>nti. ‘‘Idaṃ jhānaṃ pañcaṅgika’’ntiādinā aṅgesu, ‘‘idaṃ pathavīkasiṇa’’ntiādinā ārammaṇesu ca vavatthāpitesu ekajjhaṃ tesaṃ vavatthāpane na koci viseso atthīti aṭṭhakathāsu ayaṃ vidhi nābhato. Evañca katvā jhānukkantikādīsu paṭilomakkamena, anulomapaṭilomakkamena ca ekantarikabhāvena labbhamānampi jhānādīnaṃ ukkamanaṃ na uddhaṭaṃ, tehi nayehi vināpi cittaparidamanaṃ ijjhatīti papañcaparihāratthaṃ vā te aṭṭhakathāsu anāgatāti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para367"></a><span class="paranum">367</span>. <span class="bld">Abhāvitabhāvano</span> jhānābhiññāsu akatādhikāro. Tattha upanissayarahitopīti keci. Ādibhūtaṃ yogakammaṃ ādikammaṃ, taṃ etassa atthīti <span class="bld">ādikammiko,</span> pubbe akataparicayo bhāvanaṃ anuyuñjanto. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yogāvacaro’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Kasiṇaparikammampi bhāro</span>ti dosavivajjanādividhinā kasiṇamaṇḍale paṭipatti yāva uggahanimittuppatti kasiṇaparikammaṃ, tampi nāma bhāro, pageva iddhivikubbanāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Nimittuppādana</span>nti paṭibhāganimittuppādanaṃ<a name="V2.0005"></a>. <span class="bld">Taṃ vaḍḍhetvā</span>ti taṃ nimittaṃ, bhāvanañca vaḍḍhetvā. Na hi bhāvanāya vināva nimittavaḍḍhanaṃ labbhati. Keci upacārasamādhiṃ labhitvā appanāsamādhiṃ adhigantuṃ na sakkonti, tādisāpi bahū hontevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘appanādhigamo bhāro’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Appanādhigamo</span>ti vā aṭṭhannaṃ samāpattīnaṃ adhigamamāha. Aññova samāpattīnaṃ upanissayo<a name="M2.0005"></a>, añño abhiññānanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘paridamitacittassāpi iddhivikubbanaṃ nāma bhāro’’</span>ti. Khippaṃ nisanti nisāmanaṃ jhānacakkhunā pathavīkasiṇādijhānārammaṇassa dassanaṃ etassāti khippanisanti, sīghataraṃ jhānaṃ samāpajjitā, tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">khippanisantibhāvo</span>. Ambatarunicitaṃ mahāmahindattherādīhi otiṇṇaṭṭhānaṃ <span class="bld">therambatthalaṃ</span>. Yathā paṭipakkhavijayāya yodhājīvā nimmalameva asitomarādiṃ gahetvā vicaranti, evaṃ bhikkhunāpi kilesavijayāya nimmalāva jhānābhiññā vaḷañjitabbāti imamatthaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tasmā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Patiṭṭhābhāvo</span>ti idha parassa upaddavūpasamanaṃ adhippetaṃ. Taṃ hi khippanisantibhāvatopi garutaraṃ accāyikakiccasādhanavasena vidhātabbato durabhisambhavatarattā. Taṃ pana <span class="bld">rakkhitatthera</span>nidassaneneva siddhampi tato garutarena aṅgāravassaparittāṇena vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘giribhaṇḍavāhanapūjāya…pe… thero viyā’’</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Giribhaṇḍavāhanapūjā</span> nāma cetiyagirimādiṃ katvā sakaladīpe, samudde ca yāva yojanā mahatī dīpapūjā. <span class="bld">Pathaviṃ māpetvā</span>ti mārena pavattitaṃ aṅgāravassaṃ phuliṅgamattenapi yāva manusse na pāpuṇāti, tāvadeva ākāse pathaviṃ nimminitvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Balavapubbayogāna</span>nti garutarūpanissayānaṃ, iddhividhādīnaṃ hetubhūtamahābhinīhārānanti attho. <span class="bld">Aggasāvakādīna</span>nti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena ekacce mahāsāvake saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Bhāvanānukkamo</span> yathāvuttaṃ cittaparidamanaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭisambhidādī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena ṭhānāṭhānañāṇādīnampi saṅgaho veditabbo, na sesābhiññānameva. Sāvakānampi hi ṭhānāṭhānañāṇādīni padesavasena ijjhanti. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā pubbahetusampannasseva yathāvuttaṃ bhāvanānukkamaṃ vinā abhiññāyo ijjhanti, na itarassa, tasmā. <span class="bld">Aggidhamanādīhī</span>ti aggimhi tāpanakoṭṭanādīhi. <span class="bld">Yathā cā</span>ti <span class="bld">ca</span>-saddena lākhākārādīnaṃ lākhākoṭṭanādiṃ avuttampi saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Chanda…pe… vasenā</span>ti ‘‘chandavato ce abhiññā sijjhati, mayhampi sijjhatī’’ti kattukamyatāchandaṃ sīsaṃ dhuraṃ jeṭṭhaṃ pubbaṅgamaṃ katvā, chandaṃ vā uppādetvā taṃ bhāvanāya mukhaṃ katvā jhānassa samāpajjanavasena. Eseva <a name="V2.0006"></a> nayo sesesupi. <span class="bld">‘‘Āvajjanādivasībhāvavasenā’’</span>ti idaṃ aṭṭhasupi samāpattīsu sātisayaṃ vasībhāvāpādanaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Tañca kho ādikammikavasena, na <a name="M2.0006"></a> katādhikāravasenāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pubbahetu…pe… vaṭṭatī’’</span>ti. Pubbahetusampannassa hi yaṃ jhānaṃ pādakaṃ katvā abhiññā nibbattetabbā, tattheva sātisayaṃ ciṇṇavasitāpi icchitabbā, na sabbatthevāti adhippāyo. ‘‘Catutthajjhānamatte ciṇṇavasinā’’ti vacanato arūpasamāpattiyo vināpi abhiññā ijjhantīti vadanti. Tampi yadi pubbahetusampannassa vasena vuttaṃ, yuttameva. Athetarassa, tesaṃ matimattaṃ. <span class="bld">Yathā</span>ti yena pakārena yena vidhinā. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti etasmiṃ iddhividhanipphādane.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para368"></a><span class="paranum">368</span>. <span class="bld">Tatrā</span>ti ca tadeva paccāmasati. <span class="bld">Pāḷinayānusārenevā</span>ti pāḷigatiyā anusaraṇeneva, pāṭhasaṃvaṇṇanānukkamenevāti attho. ‘‘Catutthajjhānaṃ upasampajja viharatī’’ti vatvā ‘‘so’’ti vuttattā āha <span class="bld">‘‘adhigatacatutthajjhāno yogī’’</span>ti. ‘‘Evaṃ samāhite’’ti ettha <span class="bld">evaṃ</span>-saddo heṭṭhājhānattayādhigamapaṭipāṭisiddhassa catutthajjhānasamādhānassa nidassanatthoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘evanti catutthajjhānakkamanidassanameta’’</span>nti, catutthajjhānassa, tassa ca adhigamakkamassa nidassanaṃ. Yena samādhānānukkamena catutthajjhānasamādhi laddho, tadubhayanidassananti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘iminā…pe… vuttaṃ hotī’’</span>ti. Yadipi ‘‘eva’’nti idaṃ āgamanasamādhinā saddhiṃ catutthajjhānasamādhānaṃ dīpeti. Satipārisuddhisamādhi eva pana iddhiyā adhiṭṭhānabhāvato padhānanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘catutthajjhānasamādhinā samāhite’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Upekkhāsatipārisuddhibhāvenā</span>ti upekkhāya janitasatipārisuddhisabbhāvena. Sabbapaccanīkadhammūpakkilesaparisuddhāya hi paccanīkasamanepi abyāvaṭāya pārisuddhiupekkhāya vattamānāya catutthajjhānaṃ, taṃsampayuttadhammā ca suparisuddhā, suvisadā ca honti, satisīsena pana tattha desanā katāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘upekkhāsatipārisuddhibhāvena parisuddhe’’</span>ti. Parisuddhiyā eva paccayavisesena pavattiviseso pariyodātatā sudhantasuvaṇṇassa nighaṃsanena pabhassaratā viyāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘parisuddhattāyeva pariyodāte, pabhassareti vuttaṃ hotī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sukhādīnaṃ paccayānaṃ ghātenā</span>ti sukhasomanassānaṃ, dukkhadomanassānañca yathākkamaṃ rāgadosapaccayānaṃ vikkhambhanena. ‘‘Sukhaṃ somanassassa paccayo, somanassaṃ rāgassa, dukkhaṃ domanassassā’’ti hi vuttaṃ. Yathā rāgādayo cetaso malāsucibhāvena ‘‘aṅgaṇānī’’ti vuccanti, evaṃ upagantvā <a name="M2.0007"></a> kilesanaṭṭhena upakkilesāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘anaṅgaṇattāyeva vigatūpakkilese’’</span>ti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘aṅgaṇena hi taṃ cittaṃ upakkilissatī’’</span>ti, vibādhīyati upatāpīyatīti <a name="V2.0007"></a> attho. <span class="bld">Subhāvitattā</span>ti paguṇabhāvāpādanena suṭṭhu bhāvitattā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vasībhāvappatte’’</span>ti, āvajjanādinā pañcadhā, cuddasavidhena vā paridamanena vasavattitaṃ upagateti attho. <span class="bld">Vase vattamānaṃ hi cittaṃ</span> paguṇabhāvāpattiyā suparimadditaṃ viya cammaṃ, suparikammakatā viya ca lākhā <span class="bld">mudunti vuccati. Kammakkhame</span>ti vikubbanādiiddhikammakkhame. <span class="bld">Tañca ubhaya</span>nti mudutākammaniyadvayaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nāha</span>ntiādīsu na-kāro paṭisedhattho. <span class="bld">Aha</span>nti satthā attānaṃ niddisati. <span class="bld">Bhikkhave</span>ti bhikkhū ālapati. <span class="bld">Añña</span>nti idāni vuccamānacittato aññaṃ. <span class="bld">Ekadhammampī</span>ti ekampi sabhāvadhammaṃ na samanupassāmīti sambandho. Ayaṃ hettha attho – ahaṃ, bhikkhave, sabbaññutaññāṇena olokentopi aññaṃ ekadhammampi na samanupassāmi. <span class="bld">Yaṃ</span> vasībhāvāpādanena <span class="bld">bhāvitaṃ,</span> tathā punappunaṃ karaṇena <span class="bld">bahulīkataṃ,</span> evaṃ savisesamudubhāvappattiyā <span class="bld">muduṃ,</span> kammakkhamatāya <span class="bld">kammaniya</span>ñca hoti. <span class="bld">Yathayidaṃ citta</span>nti attano, tesañca paccakkhatāya evamāhāti. Yathā yathāvuttā parisuddhatādayo na vigacchanti, evaṃ subhāvitaṃ cittaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha avaṭṭhitaṃ idha ‘‘ṭhitaṃ, āneñjappatta’’nti ca vuttanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘etesu parisuddhatādīsu ṭhitattā ṭhite, ṭhitattāyeva āneñjappatte’’</span>ti. Yathā mudukammaññatā vasībhāvappattiyā lakkhīyanti, evaṃ vasībhāvappattipi mudukammaññatāhi lakkhīyatīti, mudukammaññabhāvena vā attano vase ṭhitattā ‘‘ṭhite’’ti vuttaṃ. Yathā hi kāraṇena phalaṃ niddharīyati, evaṃ phalenāpi kāraṇaṃ niddharīyatīti niccalabhāvena avaṭṭhānaṃ āneñjappatti. Sā ca sampayuttadhammesu thirabhāvena, paṭipakkhehi akammaniyatāya ca sambhavantī saddhādibalānaṃ ānubhāvena hotīti ‘‘saddhādīhi pariggahitattā āneñjappatte’’ti saṅkhepato vuttamatthaṃ vivarituṃ <span class="bld">‘‘saddhāpariggahitaṃ hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">saddhāpariggahita</span>nti evaṃ subhāvitaṃ vasībhāvappattaṃ etaṃ cittaṃ ekaṃsena abhiññāsacchikaraṇīyānaṃ dhammānaṃ abhiññāsacchikiriyāya saṃvattatīti evaṃ pavattāya saddhāya pariggahitaṃ yathāvuttasaddhābalena upatthambhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Assaddhiyenā</span>ti tappaṭipakkhena assaddhiyena hetunā na iñjati na calati na kampati, aññadatthu upari visesāvahabhāveneva tiṭṭhati. <span class="bld">Vīriyapariggahita</span>ntiādīsupi <a name="M2.0008"></a> iminā nayena attho veditabbo. Ayaṃ pana viseso – <span class="bld">vīriyapariggahita</span>nti vasībhāvāpādanaparidamanasādhanena vīriyena upatthambhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Satipariggahita</span>nti yathāvutte bhāvanābahulīkāre asammosasādhikāya, kusalānañca dhammānaṃ gatiyo samannesamānāya satiyā <a name="V2.0008"></a> upatthambhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Samādhipariggahita</span>nti tattheva avikkhepasādhanena samādhānena upatthambhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Paññāpariggahita</span>nti tassā eva bhāvanāya upakārānupakāradhammānaṃ pajānanalakkhaṇāya paññāya upatthambhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Obhāsagata</span>nti ñāṇobhāsasahagataṃ. Obhāsabhūtena hi yathāvuttasamādhānasaṃvaddhitena ñāṇena saṃkilesapakkhaṃ yāthāvato passanto tato utrasanto ottappanto taṃ adhibhavati, na tena abhibhūyati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kilesandhakārena na iñjatī’’</span>ti. Etena ñāṇapariggahitaṃ hirottappabalaṃ dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgata</span>nti catutthajjhānasamādhinā samāhitatā, parisuddhatā, pariyodātatā, anaṅgaṇatā, vigatūpakkilesatā, mudubhāvo, kammaniyatā, āneñjappattiyā ṭhitatā, samāhitassa vā cittassa imāni aṅgānīti ‘‘samāhite’’ti imaṃ aṅgabhāvena aggahetvā ṭhitiāneñjappattiyo visuṃ gahetvā imehi aṭṭhahi aṅgehi samannāgataṃ. <span class="bld">Abhinīhārakkhama</span>nti iddhividhādiatthaṃ abhinīhārakkhamaṃ tadabhimukhaṃ karaṇayoggaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘abhiññāsacchikaraṇīyānaṃ dhammānaṃ abhiññāsacchikiriyāyā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāmaṃ nīvaraṇāni vikkhambhetvā eva paṭhamajjhānasamadhigamo, vitakkādike vūpasame eva ca dutiyajjhānādisamadhigamo, tathāpi na tathā tehi dūrībhūtā apetā vā yathā catutthajjhānato, cetaso malīnabhāvasaṅkhātauppilābhogakarehi nīvaraṇādīhi suṭṭhu vimuttiyā tassa parisuddhi, pariyodātatā ca yuttāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘nīvaraṇa…pe… pariyodāte’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Jhānapaṭilābhapaccayāna</span>nti jhānapaṭilābhahetukānaṃ jhānapaṭilābhaṃ nissāya uppajjanakānaṃ. <span class="bld">Pāpakāna</span>nti lāmakānaṃ. <span class="bld">Icchāvacarāna</span>nti icchāya avacarānaṃ icchāvasena otiṇṇānaṃ ‘‘aho vata mameva satthā paṭipucchitvā paṭipucchitvā bhikkhūnaṃ dhammaṃ deseyyā’’tiādinayappavattānaṃ mānamāyāsāṭheyyādīnaṃ. <span class="bld">Abhijjhādīna</span>nti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddenāpi tesaṃyeva saṅgaho. Abhijjhā cettha paṭhamajjhānena avikkhambhaneyyā, mānādayo ca tadekaṭṭhā daṭṭhabbā <a name="M2.0009"></a> ‘‘jhānapaṭilābhapaccayāna’’nti anuvattamānattā. Vikkhambhaneyyā pana nīvaraṇaggahaṇeneva gahitā, kathaṃ pana paṭhamajjhānena avikkhambhaneyyā idha vigacchantīti? ‘‘Sabbe kusalā dhammā sabbākusalānaṃ paṭipakkhā’’ti sallekhapaṭipattivasena evaṃ vuttaṃ jhānassa aparāmaṭṭhabhāvadassanato. Ye panettha ‘‘icchāvacarānaṃ abhijjhādīna’’nti imehi padehi kopaapaccayakaāmarāgabyāpādādayo gahitāti adhippāyena ‘‘jhānapaṭilābhapaccayāna’’nti pāṭhaṃ paṭikkhipitvā ‘‘jhānapaṭilābhapaccanīkāna’’nti <a name="V2.0009"></a> pāṭhoti vadanti, taṃ tesaṃ matimattaṃ tathā pāṭhasseva abhāvato. Jhānapaṭilābhapaccanīkā ca nīvaraṇā ceva tadekaṭṭhā ca tesaṃ dūrībhāvaṃ vatvā puna abhāvavigamacodanāya ayujjamānattā. Nanu ca <span class="bld">anaṅgaṇasutta-</span> (ma. ni. 1.57 ādayo) <span class="bld">vatthasuttesu</span> (ma. ni. 1.70 ādayo) ayamattho na labbhati, oḷārikānaṃyeva pāpadhammānaṃ tattha adhippetattā? Saccametaṃ, idha pana adhigatacatutthajjhānassa vasena vuttattā sukhumāyeva te gahitā, aṅgaṇūpakkilesatāsāmaññena panettha suttānaṃ apadisanaṃ. Tathā hi <span class="bld">‘‘suttānusārenā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ, na pana suttavasenāti. Avassaṃ ce tamevaṃ sampaṭicchitabbaṃ adhigatajjhānānampi kesañci icchāvacarānaṃ pavattisabbhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Iddhipādabhāvūpagamenā</span>ti iddhiyā pādakabhāvassa padaṭṭhānabhāvassa upagamanena. <span class="bld">Bhāvanāpāripūriyā</span>ti ito paraṃ kattabbassa abhāvavasena abhinīhārakkhamabhāvanāya paripuṇṇattā. <span class="bld">Paṇītabhāvūpagamenā</span>ti tato eva padhānabhāvaṃ nītatāya uttamaṭṭhena, atittikaraṭṭhena ca paṇītabhāvassa upagamanena. Ubhayañcetaṃ ṭhitiyā kāraṇavacanaṃ paripuṇṇāya bhāvanāya paṇītabhāvappattiyā <span class="bld">‘‘ṭhite’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">‘‘Āneñjappatte’’</span>ti idaṃ ṭhitiyā visesanaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yathā āneñjappattaṃ hoti, evaṃ ṭhite’’</span>ti. Imasmiṃ pakkhe ‘‘ṭhite āneñjappatte’’ti ubhayamekaṃ aṅgaṃ, ‘‘samāhite’’ti pana idampi ekamaṅgaṃ. Tenevassa paṭhamavikappato visesaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘evampi aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgata’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Dasaiddhikathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para369"></a><span class="paranum">369</span>. <span class="bld">Nipphattiatthenā</span>ti sijjhanaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Paṭilābhaṭṭhenā</span>ti pāpuṇanaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti kāmitaṃ vatthuṃ. <span class="bld">Samijjhatī</span>ti nipphajjati. Pabbajjaṃ ādiṃ katvā yāva jhānamaggā <a name="M2.0010"></a> idha <span class="bld">nekkhammaṃ. Ijjhatī</span>ti pāpuṇīyati. <span class="bld">Paṭiharatīti pāṭihāriya</span>nti yasmā paṭipakkhaṃ harati apaneti, tasmā pāṭihāriyaṃ. Attano paṭipakkhaṃ haratīti paṭihāriyaṃ, nekkhammādi, paṭihāriyameva pāṭihāriyaṃ, yathā ‘‘vekataṃ, vesama’’nti ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ijjhanaṭṭhenā</span>ti nipphajjanaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Upāyasampadāyā</span>ti sampannaupāyassa, ñāyārambhassāti attho. <span class="bld">Ijjhatī</span>ti pasaveti. <span class="bld">Sīlavā</span>ti ācārasīlena sīlavā. <span class="bld">Kalyāṇadhammo</span>ti dasakusalakammapathavasena <a name="V2.0010"></a> sundaradhammo. Sīlasampattiyā vā <span class="bld">sīlavā</span>. Dānādisesapuññakiriyavatthuvasena <span class="bld">kalyāṇadhammo. Paṇidahissatī</span>ti patthessati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ijjhantī</span>ti vaḍḍhanti, ukkaṃsaṃ pāpuṇantīti attho. Sātisayanipphajjanapaṭilābhasijjhanabuddhiatthe hi iddhi vuttā. <span class="bld">Sā dasavidhā</span>ti sabbā iddhiyo ānetvā atthuddhāravasena idhādhippetaṃ iddhiṃ dassetuṃ vuttaṃ. Bahubhāvādikassa adhiṭṭhānaṃ adhiṭṭhahanaṃ etissā atthīti <span class="bld">adhiṭṭhānā</span>. Vividhaṃ rūpanimmānasaṅkhātaṃ kubbanaṃ etissā atthīti <span class="bld">vikubbanā. Manomayā</span>ti jhānamanena nibbattibhāvato manomayā. Ñāṇassa vipphāro vegāyitattaṃ etissā atthīti <span class="bld">ñāṇavipphārā</span>. Ariyānaṃ ayanti <span class="bld">ariyā</span>. Yato kutoci kammavipākato jātā iddhi <span class="bld">kammavipākajā</span>. Sātisayapuññanibbattā iddhi <span class="bld">puññavato iddhi</span>. Kammavipākajā iddhi jātito paṭṭhāya hoti, itarā yadā tadā puññassa vipaccanakāleti evaṃ vā imāsaṃ viseso veditabbo. Āthabbanavijjābhinibbattā <span class="bld">vijjāmayā. Sammāpayogo</span> upāyapayogo ñāyārambho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para370"></a><span class="paranum">370</span>. <span class="bld">Pakatiyā eko</span>ti sabhāvena eko. <span class="bld">Bahuka</span>nti bahuṃ. Tena aggahitaparicchedaṃ adhiṭṭhātabbassa anekabhāvaṃ dassetvā puna paricchedato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sataṃ vā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Āvajjatī</span>ti parikammasaṅkhātena ābhogena ābhujati bhāvirūpe tena parikammamanasikārena manasi karoti. <span class="bld">Ñāṇena adhiṭṭhātī</span>ti tathā parikammaṃ katvā abhiññāñāṇena yathādhippete bahuke adhiṭṭhāti, adhiṭṭhānacittena saheva bahubhāvāpattito bahubhāvāpādakaṃ iddhividhañāṇaṃ pavattento ca tathā adhiṭṭhātīti vuccati. Sesesupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Eva</span>nti <a name="M2.0011"></a> pakārattho evaṃ-saddo, tena sabbampi adhiṭṭhānappakāraṃ saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Adhiṭṭhānavasenā</span>ti ‘‘ñāṇena adhiṭṭhātī’’ti (paṭi. ma. 3.10) evaṃ vuttaadhiṭṭhānavasena nipphannattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para371"></a><span class="paranum">371</span>. <span class="bld">Pakativaṇṇa</span>nti pakatisaṇṭhānaṃ attano pākatikarūpaṃ. <span class="bld">Pakativaṇṇavijahanavikāravasenā</span>ti attano pakativaṇṇavijahanapubbakassa kumārakavaṇṇādivaṇṇavikārassa vasena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para372"></a><span class="paranum">372</span>. <span class="bld">Imamhā kāyā</span>ti paccakkhabhāvena ‘‘imamhā’’ti vuttā bhikkhussa karajakāyā. <span class="bld">Aññaṃ kāya</span>nti aññaṃ iddhimayaṃ kāyaṃ. Tato eva iddhimayarūpavantatāya <span class="bld">rūpiṃ</span>. Abhiññāmanena <a name="V2.0011"></a> nibbattattā <span class="bld">manomayaṃ. Nipphattivasenā</span>ti nipphajjanavasena. Abhiññāñāṇassa hi yathā manomayo kāyo nipphajjati, tathā pavatti <span class="bld">manomayiddhi</span>. Eseva nayo sesesupi. Yadi evaṃ kathamayameva manomayiddhīti? Ruḷhīvesā veditabbā yathā ‘‘manomayo attabhāvo’’ti, yathā vā ‘‘gosamaññā visāṇādimati piṇḍe’’. Atha vā abbhantarato nikkhante, iddhimatā ca ekantasadise imasmiṃ nimmāne supākaṭo manasā nibbattitabhāvoti yathā sātisayo manomayavohāro, na tathā aññāsu adhiṭṭhānavikubbaniddhīsu samaññantaravantāsūti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para373"></a><span class="paranum">373</span>. <span class="bld">Ñāṇuppattito pubbe vā</span>ti arahattamaggañāṇuppattito pubbe vā vipassanākkhaṇe, tatopi vā pubbe antimabhavikassa paṭisandhiggahaṇato paṭṭhāya. <span class="bld">Pacchā vā</span> yāva khandhaparinibbānā. <span class="bld">Taṅkhaṇe vā</span> magguppattisamaye. <span class="bld">Ñāṇānubhāvanibbatto viseso</span>ti sūriyassa uṭṭhitaṭṭhāne, samantato ca ālokakaraṇasamatthatā viya tasseva ñāṇassa ānubhāvena nibbatto sabbaso pahātabbapahānabhāvetabbabhāvanāpāripūrisaṅkhāto viseso. Vatthūni pana anantarāyatāvasena āgatāni. <span class="bld">Aniccānupassanāyā</span>ti saṅkhāre aniccato anupassantiyā balavavipassanāya. Āraddhavipassanassa hi yathāvuttavipassanāya pavattikkhaṇe tato pubbe, pacchā ca pakiṇṇakasammasanavāre niccasaññāya pahānaṭṭho ijjhati. Eseva nayo sabbattha. Kāmaṃ ettakāya saṅkhepakathāyapi adhippetattho pakāsitova<a name="M2.0012"></a>, vitthārakathāya pana vibhūtataro hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vitthārena kathetabba’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gabbhagatassevā</span>ti anādare sāmivacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Vuttanayenā</span>ti ‘‘pacchimabhavikassā’’tiādinā <span class="bld">bākulattheravatthu</span>mhi vuttanayena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dārubhāraṃ katvā</span>ti dārubhāraṃ sakaṭe katvā, āropetvāti attho. <span class="bld">Ossajjitvā</span>ti chaḍḍetvā. <span class="bld">Sakaṭamūle</span>ti sakaṭasamīpe. <span class="bld">Vāḷayakkhānucarite</span>ti kururehi yakkhehi anuvicaritabbe. Yakkhapariggahitañhi rājagahanagaraṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para374"></a><span class="paranum">374</span>. <span class="bld">Samādhito</span>ti paṭhamajjhānādisamādhito. <span class="bld">Pubbe</span>ti upacārajjhānakkhaṇe. <span class="bld">Pacchā</span>ti samāpattiyā ciṇṇapariyante. <span class="bld">Taṅkhaṇe</span>ti samāpannakkhaṇe. <span class="bld">Samathānubhāvanibbatto viseso</span>ti tasmiṃ tasmiṃ <a name="V2.0012"></a> jhāne samādhitejena nibbatto nīvaraṇavikkhambhanavitakkādisamatikkamasaññāvedayitanirodhaparissayasahanādiko viseso.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kapotakandarāya</span>nti evaṃnāmake araññavihāre. <span class="bld">Juṇhāya rattiyā</span>ti candālokavatiyā rattiyā. <span class="bld">Navoropitehi kesehī</span>ti itthambhūtalakkhaṇe karaṇavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Yassā</span>ti pahārassa. <span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti yakkhassa. Khippanisantibhāvassa ukkaṃsagatattā thero tasmiṃ paharante eva samāpattiṃ samāpajjīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘paharaṇasamaye samāpattiṃ appesī’’</span>ti. Pāḷiyaṃ pana ‘‘nisinno hoti aññataraṃ samādhiṃ samāpajjitvā’’ti (udā. 34) vuttaṃ. Ime pana therā samāpattito vuṭṭhānasamakālaṃ tena pahāro dinnoti vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sañjīvatthera</span>nti kakusandhassa bhagavato dutiyaṃ aggasāvakaṃ mahātheraṃ sandhāyāha. So hi āyasmā araññādīsu yattha katthaci nisinno appakasireneva nirodhaṃ samāpajjati, tasmā ekadivasaṃ aññatarasmiṃ rukkhamūle nirodhaṃ samāpajji, taṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘nirodhasamāpanna’’</span>ntiādi. Cīvare aṃsumattampi na jhāyittha, sarīre kā kathā. Teneva hi thero ‘‘sañjīvo’’ tveva paññāyittha. <span class="bld">Ayamassā</span>ti assa āyasmato sañjīvattherassa yo nirodhasamāpattiyaṃ aggiparissayābhāvo, ayaṃ samādhivipphārā <a name="M2.0013"></a> iddhīti yojanā. Kathaṃ pana nirodhasamāpattiyaṃ samādhivipphārasambhavoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘anupubba…pe… nibbattattā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭhamaṃ ṭhapitabhaṇḍakassā</span>ti sabbapaṭhamaṃ ṭhapitabhaṇḍakassa. Tañhi gahaṇakāle sabbapacchimaṃ gayhati. <span class="bld">Kālaparicchedavasenā</span>ti ‘‘ettake kāle gate vuṭṭhahissāmī’’ti samāpattito pubbe katakālaparicchedavasena. <span class="bld">Bhītā viraviṃsū</span>ti rattandhakāre rūpadassanena ‘‘pisāco uṭṭhahatī’’ti maññamānā. Ettakehi nāma bhaṇḍakehi ajjhotthaṭo nibbikāro ‘‘aho mahānubhāvo, aho vivekavāsī’’ti ca <span class="bld">theragatena pasādena</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tattatelakaṭāha</span>nti ādhārasīsena ādheyyamāha, kaṭāhe tattatelaṃ kaṭāhena āsiñcīti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Vivaṭṭamāna</span>nti katthacipi alagganavasena bhassantaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saparivārā</span>ti pañcahi itthisatehi saparivārā. <span class="bld">Rājānaṃ mettāya pharī</span>ti odissakamettāsamāpattiyā <a name="V2.0013"></a> rājānaṃ phusi. <span class="bld">Khipitu</span>nti vijjhituṃ. <span class="bld">Oropetu</span>nti sarasannāhaṃ paṭisaṃharituṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para375"></a><span class="paranum">375</span>. <span class="bld">Paṭikkūlādīsū</span>ti aniṭṭhādīsu. Aniṭṭhaṃ hi paṭikkūlaṃ, amanuññampi ‘‘paṭikkūla’’nti vuccati. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena apaṭikkūlādiṃ saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti paṭikkūlārammaṇe. <span class="bld">Upekkhako</span>ti chaḷaṅgupekkhāya upekkhako. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti paṭikkūlāpaṭikkūlabhede vatthusmiṃ. <span class="bld">Sato</span>ti sativepullappattiyā satimā. <span class="bld">Sampajāno</span>ti paññāvepullappattiyā sampajānakārī. <span class="bld">Aya</span>nti ayaṃ paṭikkūlādivatthūsu apaṭikkūlasaññīvihārādikā khīṇāsavānaṃ aggamaggādhigamasiddhā cittissariyatā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘cetovasippattānaṃ…pe… vuccatī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aniṭṭhe vatthusmiṃ sattasaññite <span class="bld">mettāpharaṇaṃ vā</span> dhātuso paccavekkhaṇāya <span class="bld">dhātumanasikāraṃ vā</span> gūthādike dhātumanasikāraṃ karontoti yojetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Apaṭikkūlasaññī viharatī</span>ti hitesitāya, dhammasabhāvacintanāya ca na paṭikkūlasaññī hutvā iriyāpathavihārena viharati. <span class="bld">Iṭṭhe vatthusmiṃ</span> ñātimittādike. Kesādiasucikoṭṭhāsamattamevāti <span class="bld">asubhapharaṇaṃ vā</span> asubhamanasikāraṃ vā. Tattha rūpadhammajātaṃ <span class="bld">anicca</span>nti ādiattho iti-saddo, tasmā aniccadukkhānattavipariṇāmadhammoti manasikāraṃ <a name="M2.0014"></a> vā karontoti yojanā. <span class="bld">Paṭikkūlāpaṭikkūlesū</span>ti iṭṭhāniṭṭhāni vatthūni ekajjhaṃ gahetvā vadati. Esa nayo itarattha. Yaṃ vā sattānaṃ paṭhamaṃ paṭikkūlato upaṭṭhitameva pacchā apaṭikkūlato upatiṭṭhati, yañca apaṭikkūlato upaṭṭhitameva pacchā paṭikkūlato upatiṭṭhati, tadubhayepi khīṇāsavo sace ākaṅkhati, vuttanayena apaṭikkūlasaññī vā vihareyya, paṭikkūlasaññī vāti ayamariyiddhi vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā</span>ti kāraṇavasena ‘‘cakkhū’’ti laddhavohārena rūpadassanasamatthena cakkhuviññāṇena, cakkhunā vā kāraṇabhūtena, dvārabhūtena vā rūpaṃ passitvā. <span class="bld">Neva sumano hotī</span>ti gehassitasomanassassāyaṃ paṭikkhepo, na nekkhammapakkhikāya kiriyāsomanassavedanāya. <span class="bld">Chaḷaṅgupekkha</span>nti iṭṭhāniṭṭhachaḷārammaṇāpāthe parisuddhapakatibhāvāvijahanalakkhaṇaṃ chasu dvāresu pavattiyā ‘‘chaḷaṅgupekkhā’’ti laddhanāmaṃ tatramajjhattupekkhaṃ. Yathāvuttamatthaṃ pāḷiyā samatthetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘paṭisambhidāya’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para376"></a><span class="paranum">376</span>. <span class="bld">Pakkhīādīna</span>nti <a name="V2.0014"></a> <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena devādīnaṃ saṅgaho. <span class="bld">Vehāsagamanādikā</span>ti pana <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena cakkhuvisuddhiādiṃ saṅgaṇhāti. Kusalakammena nibbattitvāpi akusalavipākānubhāvena sukhasamussayato vinipatitattā <span class="bld">vinipātikānaṃ. Jhāna</span>nti abhiññāpattaṃ jhānaṃ sandhāyāha. Vipassanāpi ukkaṃsagatā ubbegapītisahitā ākāse laṅghāpanamattāpi hotīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vipassanaṃ vā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">‘‘Paṭhamakappikāna’’</span>nti idaṃ ‘‘ekaccānaṃ manussāna’’nti imassa visesanaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Evamādīna</span>nti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena punabbasumātādīnaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para377"></a><span class="paranum">377</span>. <span class="bld">Vehāsa</span>nti bhummatthe upayogavacanaṃ, accantasaṃyoge vā. Cakkavattī hi cakkaratanaṃ purakkhatvā attano bhavanato abbhuggantvā ākāseneva sineruṃ padakkhiṇaṃ katvā sakalacakkavāḷaṃ anusaṃyāyatīti. <span class="bld">Assabandhā</span>ti assapālā, ye assānaṃ yavadāyakā. Tathā <span class="bld">gobandhā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Cakkavattiādīnaṃ puññiddhiyā vitthāriyamānāya atipapañco hotīti puññavato iddhiṃ lakkhaṇato dassentena ‘‘paripākaṃ gate puññasambhāre ijjhanakaviseso’’ti <a name="M2.0015"></a> vatvāpi jotikādīnaṃ puññiddhiṃ ekadesena dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ettha cā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">suvaṇṇapabbato</span>ti sabbasuvaṇṇamayo pabbato. Tassa kira gahitagahitaṭṭhāne odhi na paññāyati. <span class="bld">Ekasītāmatte</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">sītā</span> nāma kasanavasena naṅgalassa gatamaggo. <span class="bld">Tumbaṃ</span> nāma āḷhakaṃ. <span class="bld">Cuddasa maggā</span>ti catuddasa kasanamaggā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para378"></a><span class="paranum">378</span>. <span class="bld">Vijjaṃ parijapitvā</span>ti gandhārīvijjādikaṃ attano vijjaṃ katūpacāraṃ parivattetvā mantapaṭhanakkamena paṭhitvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para379"></a><span class="paranum">379</span>. <span class="bld">Sammāpayogenā</span>ti upāyapayogena, yathā yathicchitatthasiddhi hoti, tathā pavattitañāyārambhena. <span class="bld">Tassa tassa kammassā</span>ti yathādhippetassa nipphādetabbakammassa. <span class="bld">Ettha cā</span>ti ‘‘tattha tattha sammāpayogappaccayā ijjhanaṭṭhena iddhī’’ti (paṭi. ma. 3.18) imissā dasamāya iddhiyā niddesepi. <span class="bld">Purimapāḷisadisāvā’’</span>ti samādhivipphāraiddhiādīnaṃ niddesasadisāva. <span class="bld">Sakaṭabyūhādikaraṇavasenā</span>ti sakaṭabyūhacakkabyūhapadumabyūhādīnaṃ saṃvidhānavasena nibbattavisesoti <a name="V2.0015"></a> sambandho. Gaṇitagandhabbādi <span class="bld">sippakammaṃ</span>. Sallakattakādi <span class="bld">vejjakammaṃ</span>. Irubbedādīnaṃ <span class="bld">tiṇṇaṃ vedānaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Ekopi hutvā bahudhāva hotī’’tiādinā (dī. ni. 1.238; ma. ni. 1.147; saṃ. ni. 5.834; paṭi. ma. 1.102; 3.10) adhiṭṭhāniddhiyā eva gahitattā āha <span class="bld">‘‘adhiṭṭhānā iddhiyeva āgatā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Imasmiṃ panatthe</span>ti imasmiṃ abhiññānisaṃsasaṅkhāte, iddhividhasaṅkhāte vā atthe.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para380"></a><span class="paranum">380</span>. ‘‘Ekavidhena ñāṇavatthu’’ntiādīsu (vibha. 751) koṭṭhāsattho vidhasaddo, ‘‘vividhampi senābyūhaṃ dassetī’’tiādīsu (paṭi. ma. 3.13) vikappattho, tadubhayampettha yujjatīti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘iddhividhāyāti iddhikoṭṭhāsāya, iddhivikappāya vā’’</span>ti. Iddhi hi abhiññāsu eko koṭṭhāso, vakkhamānehi bhedehi anekappabhedā ca. <span class="bld">Vuttappakāravasenā</span>ti vuttassa cuddasappakārassa, cittaparidamanassa samāhitatādippakārassa ca vasena. ‘‘Iddhividhāyā’’ti tadatthassa sampadānavacananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘iddhividhādhigamatthāyā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">‘‘Kasiṇārammaṇato apanetvā’’</span>ti idaṃ abhiññāpādakaparikammacittānaṃ <a name="M2.0016"></a> samānasantānatāya vuttaṃ, na parikammacittassa kasiṇārammaṇattā. <span class="bld">Iddhividhābhimukhaṃ pesetī</span>ti nipphādetabbassa iddhividhassa abhimukhabhāvena pavatteti. Yaṃ hi ‘‘sataṃ homī’’tiādinā parikammacittassa pavattanaṃ, tadevassa abhinīharaṇaṃ, iddhividhābhimukhapesanañca tatheva iddhividhassa pavattanato abhininnāmanaṃ idha parikammacittassa iddhividhe adhimuttīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘adhigantabbaiddhipoṇaṃ iddhipabbhāraṃ karotī’’</span>ti. Idha paccanubhavanaphusanā sacchikiriyāpattipariyāyā evāti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘pāpuṇātīti attho’’</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti iddhividhassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekopī</span>ti <span class="bld">pi</span>-saddo vakkhamānaṃ bahubhāvaṃ upādāya sampiṇḍanattho. So hissa paṭiyogī ‘‘ekopi hutvā bahudhā hoti, bahudhāpi hutvā eko hotī’’ti. So ca kho bahubhāvaṃ nimminitvā ṭhitassa antarāva ekabhāvūpagamo. Yathākālaparicchedaṃ pana saraseneva ekabhāvūpagamo idha nādhippeto aniddhinimmānabhāvato. Tampi pubbe katakālaparicchedavasena siddhattā iddhānubhāvoyevāti keci. Aṭṭhāne vāyaṃ <span class="bld">pi</span>-saddo, eko hutvā bahudhāpi hoti, bahudhā hutvā ekopi hotīti sambandho. Imasmiṃ pakkhe pi-saddo vakkhamānaṃ ekabhāvaṃ upādāya <a name="V2.0016"></a> ‘‘sampiṇḍanattho’’ti vatvā ‘‘so hī’’tiādi sabbaṃ yathārahaṃ vattabbaṃ. Bahubhāvanimmāne payojanaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘bahūnaṃ santike’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">bahūnaṃ santike</span>ti attanā nimmitānaṃ bahūnaṃ samīpe, tehi parivārito hutvāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Vā</span>-saddo avuttavikappattho, tena ‘‘dhammaṃ vā kathetukāmo’’ti evamādi saṅgayhati. <span class="bld">‘‘Ñāṇena adhiṭṭhahanto</span> evaṃ hotī’’ti ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para381"></a><span class="paranum">381</span>. Bhavati ettha iddhīti <span class="bld">bhūmiyo,</span> jhānāni. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti ca hetumhi bhummavacanaṃ. Vivekato jātā bhūmi <span class="bld">vivekajabhūmi</span>. Vivekajaṃ hi paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ nīvaraṇavivekasambhūtattā. Pītisukhabhūtā bhūmi <span class="bld">pītisukhabhūmi</span>. Dutiyajjhānañhi pītisukhabhūmibhūtañceva pītisukhasañjātañca samādhivasena. Upari dvīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Iddhilābhāyā</span>ti iddhiyā adhigamāya. <span class="bld">Iddhipaṭilābhāyā</span>ti iddhiyā punappunaṃ labhamānāya, bahulīkaraṇāyāti attho. <span class="bld">Iddhivikubbanatāyā</span>ti iddhiyā vividharūpakāraṇāya, vikubbaniddhiyāti attho<a name="M2.0017"></a>. <span class="bld">Iddhivisavitāyā</span>ti iddhiyā vividhānisaṃsapasavanāya. <span class="bld">Iddhivasitāyā</span>ti iddhiyā khippanisantiādibhāvāvahavasībhāvatthāya. <span class="bld">Iddhivesārajjāyā</span>ti iddhiyā paṭipakkhadūrībhāvena vigatasaṃkilesatāya suṭṭhu visāradabhāvāya. Catutthajjhānaṃ tāva iddhiyā bhūmi hotu tattha patiṭṭhāya nipphādetabbato, itarāni pana kathanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ettha cā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha tīṇi jhānāni sambhārabhūmiyoti veditabbānīti sambandho. Tatiyajjhāne sukhapharaṇena, paṭhamadutiyesu pītipharaṇena sukhapharaṇena ca hetubhūtenāti yathārahavasena yojanā. Pharaṇaṃ cettha jhānassa subhāvitabhāvena sātisayānaṃ pītisukhānaṃ vasena jhānappaccayādinā sahajātanāmakāyassa paribrūhanaṃ, rūpakāyassa ca taṃsamuṭṭhānehi paṇītarūpehi paripphuṭatā. Tenāha bhagavā ‘‘pītisukhena abhisandeti parisandeti paripūreti parippharatī’’ti (dī. ni. 1.226; ma. ni. 1.427). <span class="bld">Sukhasañña</span>nti jhānasukhena sahagataṃ saññaṃ. <span class="bld">Lahusañña</span>nti taṃsampayuttalahutāsahagataṃ saññaṃ. <span class="bld">Okkamitvā</span>ti anupavisitvā. Tesu hi jhānesu sātisayāya lahutāya sampayuttaṃ sukhaṃ santānavasena pavattento yogī taṃ samokkanto viya hotīti evaṃ vuttaṃ. Saññāsīsena niddeso. Jhānasampayuttā hi lahutā vināpi iddhiyā ākāsaṃ laṅghāpanappamāṇappattā viya hoti. Lahubhāvaggahaṇeneva cettha mudukammaññabhāvāpi gahitā eva. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘lahumudukammaññakāyo hutvā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Iminā</span> <a name="V2.0017"></a> <span class="bld">pariyāyenā</span>ti tiṇṇaṃ jhānānaṃ samāpajjanena sukhalahubhāvappattanāmarūpakāyassa sati cittaparidamane catutthaṃ jhānaṃ sukheneva iddhipaṭilābhāya saṃvattatīti iminā pariyāyena. Pakatibhūmiyā hi adhiṭṭhānabhūtā sambhārabhūmiyo pākārassa nemippadeso viyāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para382"></a><span class="paranum">382</span>. Iddhipādaniddese <span class="bld">cattāro</span>ti gaṇanaparicchedo. <span class="bld">Iddhipādā</span>ti ettha ijjhatīti iddhi, samijjhati nipphajjatīti attho. Ijjhanti vā etāya sattā iddhā vuddhā ukkaṃsagatā hontīti iddhi. Paṭhamenatthena iddhi eva pādoti iddhipādo, iddhikoṭṭhāsoti attho. Dutiyenatthena iddhiyā pādoti iddhipādo. <span class="bld">Pādo</span>ti patiṭṭhā, adhigamūpāyoti attho. Tena hi uparūparivisesasaṅkhātaṃ iddhiṃ pajjanti pāpuṇanti. Ayaṃ tāva aṭṭhakathānayo. Tattha iddhi-saddassa paṭhamo kattuattho, dutiyo karaṇattho <a name="M2.0018"></a> vutto. Pāda-saddassa eko karaṇatthova. Pajjitabbāva iddhi vuttā, na ca ijjhantī, pajjitabbā ca iddhi pajjanakaraṇena pādena samānādhikaraṇā hotīti paṭhamena atthena ‘‘iddhi eva pādo iddhipādo’’ti na sakkā vattuṃ. Tathā iddhikiriyākaraṇena sādhetabbāva vuddhisaṅkhātā iddhi pajjanakiriyākaraṇena pajjitabbāti dvinnaṃ karaṇānaṃ na asamānādhikaraṇatā sambhavatīti dutiyenatthena ‘‘iddhiyā pādo iddhipādo’’ti ca na sakkā vattuṃ. Tasmā paṭhamenatthena samānādhikaraṇasamāso, dutiyena sāmivacanasamāso na yujjatīti paṭhamenatthena iddhiyā pādo iddhipādo, dutiyenatthena iddhi eva pādo iddhipādoti samāso yutto, yathāvuttopi vā, pādassa ijjhamānakoṭṭhāsaijjhanakaraṇūpāyabhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pubbabhāgachandavasena <span class="bld">chandahetuko</span>. Sampayuttachandavasena <span class="bld">chandādhiko</span>. Pubbābhisaṅkhāravasena eva pana sahajātachandassāpi adhikatā veditabbā. Atha vā ‘‘chandañce bhikkhu adhipatiṃ karitvā labhati samādhiṃ, labhati cittassekaggataṃ, ayaṃ vuccati chandasamādhī’’ti imāya pāḷiyā chandādhipatisamādhi <span class="bld">chandasamādhī</span>ti adhipati-saddalopaṃ katvā samāso vuttoti viññāyati. Adhipatisaddatthadassanavasena pana <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> ‘‘chandahetuko chandādhiko vā samādhī’’ti vuttaṃ. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘chandaṃ adhipatiṃ karitvā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Padhānabhūtā</span>ti vīriyabhūtāti keci vadanti. Saṅkhatasaṅkhāranivattanatthaṃ pana <span class="bld">padhānaggahaṇaṃ</span>. Atha vā taṃ taṃ visesaṃ saṅkharotīti <span class="bld">saṅkhāro,</span> sabbampi vīriyaṃ. Tattha catukiccasādhakato aññassa nivattanatthaṃ <span class="bld">padhānaggahaṇaṃ. Padhānabhūtā</span> seṭṭhabhūtāti attho. Catubbidhassa pana vīriyassa adhippetattā bahuvacananiddeso. Yo pana ‘‘iddhiyā pādo iddhipādo’’ti evaṃ samāsayojanāvasena pādassa upāyatthataṃ gahetvā iddhipādattho <a name="V2.0018"></a> vutto, so paṭilābhapubbabhāgānaṃ kattukaraṇiddhibhāvaṃ ‘‘chandiddhipādo’’tiādinā (vibha. 457) vā abhidhamme āgatattā chandādīhi iddhipādehi sādhetabbāya vuddhiyā kattiddhibhāvaṃ, chandādīnaṃ karaṇiddhibhāvañca sandhāya vuttoti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vīriyiddhipāde <span class="bld">‘‘vīriyasamādhipadhānasaṅkhārasamannāgata’’</span>nti dvikkhattuṃ vīriyaṃ āgataṃ. Tattha purimaṃ samādhivisesanaṃ vīriyādhipati samādhi <span class="bld">vīriyasamādhī</span>ti. Dutiyaṃ samannāgamaṅgadassanaṃ. Dve eva hi sabbattha samannāgamaṅgāni samādhi<a name="M2.0019"></a>, padhānasaṅkhāro ca. Chandādayo samādhivisesanāni, padhānasaṅkhāro pana padhānavacaneneva visesito, na chandādīhīti na idha vīriyādhipatitā padhānasaṅkhārassa vuttā hoti. Vīriyañca samādhiṃ visesetvā ṭhitameva samannāgamaṅgavasena padhānasaṅkhāravacanena vuttanti nāpi dvīhi vīriyehi samannāgamo vutto hotīti. Yasmā pana chandādīhi visiṭṭho samādhi, tathā visiṭṭheneva ca tena sampayutto padhānasaṅkhāro, sesadhammā ca, tasmā samādhivisesanānaṃ vasena cattāro iddhipādā vuttā. Visesanabhāvo ca chandādīnaṃ taṃtaṃavassayavasena hotīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Atha vā</span>tiādinā nissayaṭṭhepi pāda-sadde upāyaṭṭhena chandādīnaṃ iddhipādatā vuttā. Teneva abhidhamme uttaracūḷabhājanīye ‘‘cattāro iddhipādā chandiddhipādo’’tiādinā (vibha. 457) chandādīnameva iddhipādatā vuttā. Pañhāpucchake ca ‘‘cattāro iddhipādā idha bhikkhu chandasamādhī’’tiādināva (vibha. 462) uddesaṃ katvāpi puna chandādīnaṃyeva kusalādibhāvo vibhatto. Upāyiddhipādadassanatthameva hi sutte, abhidhamme ca nissayiddhipādadassanaṃ kataṃ, aññathā catubbidhatā na hotīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para383"></a><span class="paranum">383</span>. <span class="bld">Chandādīni aṭṭhā</span>ti chandasamādhi vīriyasamādhi cittasamādhi vīmaṃsāsamādhīti evaṃ chandādīni aṭṭha. Kāmaṃ cettha catūsupi ṭhānesu samādhi samādhi eva, tathāpi iddhiṃ uppādetukāmatāchandasahitova samādhi iddhipaṭilābhāya saṃvattati, na kevalo. Evaṃ vīriyasamādhiādayopi. Tasmā chandādisahitā ete cattāro ca samādhī, chandādayo ca cattāroti aṭṭha pajjati iddhi etehi pāpuṇīyati, sayaṃ vā pajjanti iddhipaṭilābhāya sampajjantīti <span class="bld">padānī</span>ti vuccanti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘iddhipaṭilābhāya saṃvattantī’’</span>ti. Yaṃ pana pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘chando na samādhī’’tiādi, taṃ yadipi chandādayo samādhisahitāva iddhiṃ nipphādenti, tathāpi visuṃ <a name="V2.0019"></a> nesaṃ padabhāvadassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ekato niyuttova,</span> na ekeko hutvāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Niyuttovā</span>ti sahito eva, na viyutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para384"></a><span class="paranum">384</span>. <span class="bld">Anonata</span>nti na onataṃ, vīriyena paggahitattā alīnanti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kosajje na iñjatī’’</span>ti, kosajjanimittaṃ na calatīti <a name="M2.0020"></a> attho. Uddhaṃ nataṃ <span class="bld">unnataṃ,</span> uddhataṃ vikkhittaṃ. Na unnataṃ <span class="bld">anunnataṃ,</span> avikkhittaṃ samāhitanti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘uddhacce na iñjatī’’</span>ti. Abhisaṅgavasena nataṃ abhinataṃ, na abhinataṃ <span class="bld">anabhinataṃ,</span> arattaṃ. Apagamanavasena nataṃ apanataṃ, kodhavasena vimukhaṃ. Na apanataṃ <span class="bld">anapanataṃ,</span> aduṭṭhaṃ. Diṭṭhiyā ‘‘ahaṃ, mama’’nti nissayavasena na nissitanti <span class="bld">anissitaṃ</span>. Chandarāgavasena na paṭibaddhanti <span class="bld">appaṭibaddhaṃ. Rāgo</span> kevalaṃ āsattimattaṃ, <span class="bld">chandarāgo</span> pana bahalakileso. Tathā hissa dūre ṭhitampi ārammaṇaṃ paṭibaddhameva. <span class="bld">Vippamutta</span>nti visesato pamuttaṃ. Jhānānaṃ kāmarāgapaṭipakkhatāya āha <span class="bld">‘‘kāmarāge’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Visaṃyutta</span>nti vivittaṃ saṃkilesato, na vā saṃyuttaṃ catūhipi yogehi. <span class="bld">Vimariyādikataṃ</span> kilesamariyādāya, yathā īsakampi kilesamariyādā na hoti, tathā paṭipannaṃ. <span class="bld">Ekattagata</span>nti ekaggataṃ upagataṃ accantameva samāhitaṃ. Tato eva <span class="bld">nānattakilesehi</span> nānāsabhāvehi kilesehi <span class="bld">na iñjati</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Esa attho</span>ti kosajjādinimittaṃ. Imassa cittassa āneñjanattho siddho eva āneñjappattiyā pakāsanavasena dassitattā. <span class="bld">Puna vutto</span>ti iddhiyā bhūmipādapadadassanappasaṅgena ‘‘imāni mūlāni nāmā’’ti mūlabhāvadassanatthaṃ puna vutto. <span class="bld">Purimo</span>ti ‘‘saddhādīhi pariggahitattā’’tiādinā pubbe chadhā dassitanayo. <span class="bld">Aya</span>nti adhunā soḷasadhā dassitanayo. Suttanaye, paṭisambhidānaye ca dassite tattha sammoho na hoti, na adassiteti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ubhayattha asammohattha’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para385"></a><span class="paranum">385</span>. <span class="bld">Ñāṇena adhiṭṭhahanto</span>ti ‘‘kathaṃ panāyaṃ evaṃ hotī’’ti ettha pubbe attanā vuttapadaṃ uddharati adhiṭṭhānavidhiṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘abhiññāpādakaṃ jhānaṃ samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhāyā’’</span>ti. Ettha anupubbena cattāri jhānāni samāpajjitvā catutthajjhānato vuṭṭhāyāti keci, taṃ ayuttaṃ. Yathicchitajjhānasamāpajjanatthañhi cittaparidamanaṃ, catutthajjhānameva ca abhiññāpādakaṃ, na itarāni. <span class="bld">Parikammaṃ katvā</span>ti pādakajjhānato vuṭṭhāya kāmāvacaracittena ‘‘sataṃ homī’’tiādinā <a name="V2.0020"></a> cintanamevettha parikammakaraṇaṃ, tathāvajjanameva ca āvajjanaṃ. <span class="bld">Dutiyampī</span>ti <span class="bld">pi</span>-saddo samuccayattho, tena tatiyampi, tato bhiyyopīti imamatthaṃ dīpeti. Yathā hi jhānabhāvanā, evamabhiññābhāvanāpi. <span class="bld">‘‘Ekavāraṃ dvevāra’’</span>nti idampi nidassanamattaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Nimittārammaṇa</span>nti paṭibhāganimittārammaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Parikammacittānī</span>ti ettha ekekassa parikammacittassa satārammaṇatā <a name="M2.0021"></a> daṭṭhabbā ‘‘sataṃ homī’’ti pavattanato. <span class="bld">Sahassārammaṇānī</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Vaṇṇavasenā</span>ti attanā parikappitavaṇṇavasena. <span class="bld">No paṇṇattivasenā</span>ti na sattapaṇṇattivasena. <span class="bld">Taṃ</span> adhiṭṭhānacittaṃ <span class="bld">appanācittamivā</span>ti ivaggahaṇaṃ abhiññācittassa jhānacittassa paṭhamuppattisadisabhāvato vuttaṃ, na tassa appanābhāvato. <span class="bld">Rūpāvacaracatutthajjhānika</span>nti rūpāvacaracatutthajhānavantaṃ, tena sampayuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para386"></a><span class="paranum">386</span>. Yadi evaṃ ‘‘āvajjitvā ñāṇena adhiṭṭhātī’’ti paṭisambhidāvacanaṃ kathanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yampī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Tatrāpī</span>ti paṭisambhidāyampi. <span class="bld">Āvajjatī</span>ti ‘‘bahukaṃ āvajjatī’’ti idaṃ pāṭhapadaṃ <span class="bld">parikammavaseneva vuttaṃ,</span> na āvajjanavasena. <span class="bld">Āvajjitvā ñāṇena adhiṭṭhātīti abhiññāñāṇavasena vuttaṃ,</span> na parikammacittasampayuttassa, aññassa vā kāmāvacarassa ñāṇassa vasena. Na hi tassa tādiso ānubhāvo atthīti. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā appanāppattassa abhiññāñāṇasseva vasena adhiṭṭhānaṃ, tasmā. Ayamadhiṭṭhānakkamoti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘bahukaṃ āvajjatī’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">sanniṭṭhāpanavasenā</span>ti nipphādanavasena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāyasakkhidassanattha</span>nti na kevalaṃ vacanamattameva, atha kho ayametassatthassa attano kāyena sacchikatattā kāyasakkhīti sakkhidassanatthaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kokanada</span>nti padumavisesanaṃ yathā ‘‘kokāsaka’’nti. Taṃ kira bahupattaṃ, vaṇṇasampannaṃ, ativiya sugandhañca hoti. <span class="bld">Pāto</span>ti pageva. Ayañhettha attho – yathā kokanadasaṅkhātaṃ <span class="bld">padumaṃ pāto</span> sūriyassuggamanavelāyaṃ <span class="bld">phullaṃ</span> vikasitaṃ <span class="bld">avītagandhaṃ siyā virocamānaṃ,</span> evaṃ sarīragandhena, guṇagandhena ca <span class="bld">sugandhaṃ</span> saradakāle <span class="bld">antalikkhe ādiccamiva</span> attano tejasā <span class="bld">tapantaṃ</span> aṅgehi niccharaṇakajutitāya <span class="bld">aṅgīrasaṃ</span> sammāsambuddhaṃ <span class="bld">passā</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Abhabbo</span>ti paṭipattisāramidaṃ sāsanaṃ, paṭipatti ca pariyattimūlikā, tvañca pariyattiṃ uggahetuṃ <a name="V2.0021"></a> asamattho, tasmā abhabboti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Abhabbo nāma na hoti</span> vāsadhurasseva padhānabhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhikkhū</span>ti pabbajitavohārena vuttaṃ, bhāvinaṃ vā bhikkhubhāvaṃ upādāya yathā ‘‘agamā rājagahaṃ buddho’’ti (su. ni. 410). <span class="bld">Pilotikakhaṇḍa</span>nti suvisuddhaṃ coḷakhaṇḍaṃ<a name="M2.0022"></a>. Rajo haratīti <span class="bld">rajoharaṇaṃ. Abhinimminitvā adāsi</span> tattha pubbe katādhikārattā. Tathā hi yoniso ummujjanto ‘‘attabhāvassa panāyaṃ doso’’ti asubhasaññaṃ, aniccasaññañca paṭilabhitvā nāmarūpapariggahādinā pañcasu khandhesu ñāṇaṃ otāretvā kalāpasammasanādikkamena vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā udayabbayañāṇādipaṭipāṭiyā vipassanaṃ anulomagotrabhusamīpaṃ pāpesi. Obhāsavissajjanapubbikā bhāsitagāthā <span class="bld">obhāsagāthā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rāgo rajo</span> ariyassa vinaye, na ca pana <span class="bld">reṇu vuccati ‘‘rajo’’</span>ti. Kasmā? Cittassa malīnabhāvakaraṇato. <span class="bld">Rāgassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ ‘‘rajo’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Etaṃ raja</span>nti etaṃ rāgasaṅkhātaṃ rajaṃ. <span class="bld">Vippajahitvā</span>ti aggamaggena visesato pajahanahetu. <span class="bld">Paṇḍitā viharanti te</span>ti te pajahanakā paṇḍitā hutvā viharanti. <span class="bld">Vītarajassa</span> sabbaso pahīnarāgādirajassa buddhassa bhagavato <span class="bld">sāsane</span>. Tathā hi vadanti –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Cittamhi saṃkiliṭṭhamhi, saṃkilissanti māṇavā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Citte suddhe visujjhanti, iti vuttaṃ mahesinā’’ti. (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 2.373; ma. ni. aṭṭha. 1.106; saṃ. ni. aṭṭha. 2.3.100; itivu. aṭṭha. 88);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Chaḷabhiññāgahaṇena gahitāya chaḷabhiññāya vibhāvitepi ariyamagge anuttarabhāvasāmaññena phalanibbānehi saddhiṃ saṅgaṇhanto āha <span class="bld">‘‘nava lokuttaradhammā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pattassa pidahanākārena hatthaṃ ṭhapento <span class="bld">‘‘hatthaṃ pidahī’’</span>ti vutto. <span class="bld">Hattha</span>nti vā karaṇatthe upayogavacanaṃ, hatthena pidahīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sahassakkhattu</span>nti <a name="V2.0022"></a> sahassadhā. Sahassadhā hi attānaṃ ekacitteneva nimminantopi sahassavāraṃ nimminanto viya hoti. Asatipi kiriyābyāvuttiyaṃ tadatthasiddhitoti imamatthaṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘sahassakkhattu’’nti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ambavane</span>ti ambavane katavihāre. <span class="bld">Ramme</span>ti ramaṇīye. Yāva kālappavedanā, tāva nisīdīti yojanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aniyametvā</span>ti vaṇṇāvayavasarīrāvayavaparikkhārakiriyāvisesādīhi niyamaṃ akatvā. <span class="bld">Nānāvaṇṇe</span>ti nānākāre yathāvuttavaṇṇādivasena nānāvidhe. <span class="bld">Missakakese</span>ti palitehi missitakese. Upaḍḍharattavaṇṇaupaḍḍhapaṇḍuvaṇṇādīsu aññataravaṇṇanti evaṃ <span class="bld">upaḍḍharattacīvare</span>. Padavasena atthassa<a name="M2.0023"></a>, gamanavasena pāḷiyā bhaṇanaṃ <span class="bld">padabhāṇaṃ</span>. Parikathādivasena dhammassa kathanaṃ <span class="bld">dhammakathā</span>. Sarena bhaññaṃ suttādīnaṃ uccāraṇaṃ <span class="bld">sarabhaññaṃ. Aparepī</span>ti vuttākārato aññepi dīgharassakisathūlādike nānappakārake. <span class="bld">Icchiticchitappakārāyeva hontī</span>ti yathā yathā icchitā, taṃtaṃpakārāyeva honti. Yattakā hi visesā vaṇṇādivasena tesu icchitā, tattakavisesavantova te honti. Te pana tathā bahudhā bhinnākārepi vaṇṇavasena ārammaṇaṃ katvā ekameva adhiṭṭhānacittaṃ pavattati. Ayaṃ hissa ānubhāvo – yathā ekāva cetanā nānāvisesavantaṃ attabhāvaṃ nibbatteti, tattha bhavapatthanā kammassa visesapaccayo hoti. Acinteyyo ca kammavipākoti ce, idhāpi parikammacittaṃ visesapaccayo hoti, acinteyyo ca iddhivisayoti gahetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Esa nayo</span>ti yvāyaṃ bahubhāvanimmāne ‘‘abhiññāpādakaṃ jhānaṃ samāpajjitvā’’tiādinā adhiṭṭhānanayo vutto, esa nayo itaresupi adhiṭṭhānesu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Iti avisesaṃ atidesena dassetvā visesaṃ sarūpato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ayaṃ pana viseso’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha iminā bhikkhunā icchantenāti sambandho. <span class="bld">Maṃ jānissantī</span>ti ‘‘iddhimā’’ti maṃ jānissanti. <span class="bld">Antarāvā</span>ti paricchinnakālassa abbhantare eva. <span class="bld">Pādakajjhāna</span>ntiādi parikammakaraṇākāradassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ, itaraṃ pana atideseneva vibhāvitanti. <span class="bld">Evaṃ akaronto</span>ti ‘‘eko homī’’ti antarā adhiṭṭhānaṃ akaronto. <span class="bld">‘‘Yathāparicchinnakālavasenā’’</span>ti iminā ‘‘sataṃ homī’’tiādinā adhiṭṭhānaṃ karontena kālaparicchedavaseneva kātabbanti dasseti. <span class="bld">Sayameva eko hoti</span> adhiṭṭhānassa paṭippassaddhattā. Ettha ca parikammādhiṭṭhānacittānaṃ iddhimā vaṇṇavasena sayameva ārammaṇaṃ hoti. Tesu parikammacittāni <a name="V2.0023"></a> santatipaccuppannārammaṇāni. Adhiṭṭhānacittaṃ sampativattamānārammaṇaṃ adhiṭṭhānassa ekacittakkhaṇikattāti vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para387"></a><span class="paranum">387</span>. <span class="bld">‘‘Āvibhāva’’</span>nti padassa heṭṭhā vuttena hoti-saddena sambandho na yujjati upayogavacanena vuttattā, tathā vakkhamānena ca gacchati-saddena attano, paresañca āvibhāvassa icchitattā, nāmapadañca kiriyāpadāpekkhanti kiriyāsāmaññavācinā karoti-saddena yojetvā āha <span class="bld">‘‘āvibhāvaṃ karotī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tirobhāva</span>nti etthāpi eseva nayo<a name="M2.0024"></a>. Yadi evaṃ kathaṃ paṭisambhidāyanti codanaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘idameva hī’’</span>tiādi. Kāmaṃ <span class="bld">paṭisambhidāyaṃ</span> ‘‘āvibhāvanti kenaci anāvaṭaṃ hotī’’tiādinā (paṭi. ma. 3.11) āgataṃ, tampi idameva āvibhāvakaraṇaṃ, tirobhāvakaraṇañca sandhāya vuttaṃ. Sesapadāni tesaṃyeva vevacanāni. <span class="bld">Andhakāra</span>nti rattandhakāraṃ, divāpi vā bilaguhādigataṃ <span class="bld">andhakāraṃ. Paṭicchanna</span>nti kuṭṭakavāṭādinā paṭicchāditaṃ. <span class="bld">Anāpātha</span>nti dūratāsukhumataratādinā na āpāthagataṃ. <span class="bld">Aya</span>nti iddhimā. Paṭicchannopi dūre ṭhitopi attā vā paro vā yathā dissatīti vibhattiṃ pariṇāmetvā yojetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Ālokajāta</span>nti ālokabhūtaṃ, jātālokaṃ vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para388"></a><span class="paranum">388</span>. <span class="bld">Etaṃ pana pāṭihāriya</span>nti āvibhāvapāṭihāriyamāha. <span class="bld">Kena katapubba</span>nti tattha kāyasakkhiṃ pucchitvā ‘‘satthā tāva kāyasakkhī’’ti dassentena ‘‘bhagavatā’’ti vatvā tamatthaṃ vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘bhagavā hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Sāvatthivāsike passantīti ānetvā sambandho, tathā ‘‘yāva avīciṃ dassesī’’ti. Ākāsagatesu heṭṭhimaheṭṭhimavimānesu uparūparivimānaṃ byavadhāyakesu byūhiyamānesu taggataṃ ākāsaṃ byūḷhaṃ nāma hotīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ākāsañca dvidhā viyūhitvā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ayamattho</span>ti āvibhāvapāṭihāriyassa satthārā katabhāvo. Purimabuddhānaṃ paṭipattiāvajjanaṃ buddhappaveṇiyā anupālanatthaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Ekena pādenā’’</span>tiādi tivikkamadassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Nayaṃ deti</span> yassa nayassa anusārena vācanāmaggaṃ ṭhapesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cūḷaanāthapiṇḍiko</span> nāma anāthapiṇḍikamahāseṭṭhissa kaniṭṭhabhātā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sinerupabbataṃ</span> <a name="V2.0024"></a> <span class="bld">nibbijjhitvā</span>ti taṃ parisāya dissamānarūpaṃyeva katvā nibbijjhitvā. <span class="bld">Na</span>nti sinerupabbataṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Anekasatasahassasaṅkhassa okāsalokassa, taṃnivāsisattalokassa ca vivaṭabhāvakaraṇapāṭihāriyaṃ <span class="bld">lokavivaraṇaṃ nāma. Mahābrahmā</span>ti sahampatimahābrahmā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Passatha <a name="M2.0025"></a> tāva apaṇṇakapaṭipadāya phalanti <span class="bld">nirayabhayena tajjetvā</span> satthu anupubbikathānayena <span class="bld">saggasukhena palobhetvā,</span> na pana saggasampattiyaṃ ninnabhāvāpādanena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para389"></a><span class="paranum">389</span>. Yathā āvibhāvakaraṇe ālokakasiṇaṃ samāpajjitabbaṃ ālokanimmānāya, evaṃ tirobhāvakaraṇe andhakāranimmānāya nīlakasiṇaṃ samāpajjitabbaṃ. Kāmañcetaṃ pāḷiyaṃ sarūpato nāgataṃ, ‘‘vivaṭaṃ āvaṭa’’nti (paṭi. ma. 3.11) pana vacanato atthato āgatameva. Odātakasiṇantogadhaṃ vā ālokakasiṇanti vuttovāyamattho. <span class="bld">Andhakāra</span>nti andhakāravantaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para390"></a><span class="paranum">390</span>. <span class="bld">Avasese</span> iṭṭiyattherādike.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para391"></a><span class="paranum">391</span>. Pākaṭo iddhimā etassa atthīti pākaṭaṃ, pākaṭañca taṃ pāṭihāriyañcāti <span class="bld">pākaṭapāṭihāriyaṃ</span>. Na ettha iddhimā pākaṭoti apākaṭaṃ, apākaṭañca taṃ pāṭihāriyañcāti <span class="bld">apākaṭapāṭihāriyaṃ</span>. Iddhimato eva hi pākaṭāpākaṭabhāvenāyaṃ bhedo, na pāṭihāriyassa. Na hi taṃ apākaṭaṃ atthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uttarimanussadhammā</span>ti manussadhammo vuccati dasa kusalakammapathadhammā, tato manussadhammato uttari. Iddhisaṅkhātaṃ pāṭihāriyaṃ <span class="bld">iddhipāṭihāriyaṃ. Āḷinde</span>ti pamukhe. <span class="bld">Okāsehī</span>ti pakira. <span class="bld">Iddhābhisaṅkhāra</span>nti iddhipayogaṃ. <span class="bld">Abhisaṅkhāsī</span>ti abhisaṅkhari, akāsīti attho. <span class="bld">Tālacchiggaḷenā</span>ti kuñcikacchiddena. <span class="bld">Aggaḷantarikāyā</span>ti piṭṭhasaṅghātānaṃ antarena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Antarahito</span>ti antaradhāyitukāmo. <span class="bld">Bako</span> brahmā yathā antaradhāyituṃ na sakkoti, tathā katvā bhagavā sayaṃ tassa, brahmagaṇassa ca anāpāthabhāvagamanena antarahito hutvā ‘‘samaṇassa gotamassa <a name="V2.0025"></a> imasmiṃ ṭhāne atthibhāvo vā natthibhāvo vā na sakkā jānitu’’nti evaṃ brahmagaṇassa vacanokāso mā hotūti <span class="bld">‘‘bhavevāha’’</span>nti imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">bhavevāhaṃ bhayaṃ disvā</span>ti ahaṃ bhave saṃsāre jātijarādibhedaṃ bhayaṃ disvā eva. <span class="bld">Bhavañca vibhavesina</span>nti imañca kāmabhavādiṃ tividhampi <a name="M2.0026"></a> sattabhavaṃ, vibhavesinaṃ vibhavaṃ gavesamānampi pariyesamānampi punappunaṃ bhave eva disvā. <span class="bld">Bhavaṃ nābhivadi</span>nti taṇhādiṭṭhivasena kiñci bhavaṃ na abhivadiṃ na gahesiṃ. <span class="bld">Nandiñca na upādiyi</span>nti bhavataṇhaṃ na upagacchiṃ, na aggahesinti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para392"></a><span class="paranum">392</span>. <span class="bld">Alaggamāno</span>ti vinivijjhitvā gamanena kuṭṭādīsu katthaci na laggamāno. <span class="bld">Āvajjitvā kataparikammenā</span>ti yassa parato gantukāmo, taṃ āvajjitvā ‘‘ākāso hotu, ākāso hotū’’ti evaṃ kataparikammena iddhimatā. Pākārapabbatāpekkhāya ‘‘susiro, chiddo’’ti ca pulliṅgavasena vuttaṃ. Ubbedhavasena pavattaṃ vivaraṃ <span class="bld">susiraṃ</span>. Tiriyaṃ pavattaṃ <span class="bld">chiddaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yattha katthaci kasiṇe parikammaṃ katvā</span>ti pathavīkasiṇādīsu yattha katthaci kasiṇe jhānaṃ samāpajjitvā parikammaṃ katvā ‘‘ākāso hotū’’ti adhiṭṭhātabbo. Tattha kāraṇamāha <span class="bld">‘‘aṭṭhasamāpattivasībhāvoyeva pamāṇa’’</span>nti. Tasmā <span class="bld">yaṃ yaṃ icchati, taṃ tadeva hoti</span>. Etena pathaviyā ummujjananimujjane āpokasiṇasamāpajjanaṃ, udakādīsu pathavīnimmāne pathavīkasiṇasamāpajjanaṃ na ekantato icchitabbanti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Eta</span>nti etaṃ tirokuṭṭādigamanapāṭihāriyakaraṇe ākāsakasiṇasamāpajjanaṃ <span class="bld">avassaṃ vattabbaṃ</span> anucchavikabhāvato. Evañca katvā ‘‘ākāsakasiṇavasena paṭicchannānaṃ vivaṭakaraṇa’’ntiādivacanaṃ viya pathavīkasiṇavasena ‘‘ekopi hutvā bahudhā hotī’’tiādibhāvo ‘‘ākāse vā udake vā pathaviṃ nimminitvā padasā gamanaṃ icchatī’’tiādinā yaṃ pakiṇṇakanaye vuttaṃ, tampi samatthitaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Doso natthī’’ti dvikkhattuṃ baddhaṃ subaddhaṃ viya daḷhīkaraṇaṃ nāma hotīti adhippāyena vatvā tena payojanābhāvaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘puna samāpajjitvā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Adhiṭṭhitattā ākāso hotiyevā</span>ti sacepi kiñci antarā upaṭṭhitaṃ pabbatādi siyā, tampi ‘‘ākāso hotū’’ti adhiṭṭhitattā <a name="V2.0026"></a> ākāso hotiyeva. Idampi aṭṭhānaparikappanamattaṃ, tādisassa upaṭṭhānameva natthīti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘antarā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para393"></a><span class="paranum">393</span>. <span class="bld">Paricchinditvā</span>ti yathicchitaṭṭhānaṃ ñāṇena paricchinditvā. <span class="bld">Tatrā</span>ti tasmiṃ pathaviyā udakabhāvādhiṭṭhāne <span class="bld">ayaṃ</span> yathāvuttapaṭipattivibhāvinī <span class="bld">pāḷi</span><a name="M2.0027"></a>. Parato ‘‘tatrāyaṃ pāḷī’’ti āgataṭṭhānesupi iminā nayena attho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">So</span>ti iddhimā. Adhiṭṭhānakāle kālaparicchedaṃ katvā adhiṭṭhātīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘paricchinnakālaṃ pana atikkamitvā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Pakatiyā udakaṃ</span> animmānaudakaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para394"></a><span class="paranum">394</span>. <span class="bld">Viparīta</span>nti yaṃ udakaṃ akkamitvā akkamanto na saṃsīdati, taṃ panettha iddhiyā pathavīnimmānavasena veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Pathavīkasiṇa</span>nti pathavīkasiṇajjhānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para395"></a><span class="paranum">395</span>. <span class="bld">Pallaṅka</span>nti samantato ūrubaddhāsanaṃ. Chinnapakkho, asañjātapakkho vā sakuṇo ḍetuṃ na sakkotīti pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘pakkhī sakuṇo’’ti (paṭi. ma. 3.11) pakkhī-saddena visesetvā sakuṇo vuttoti <span class="bld">‘‘pakkhehi yuttasakuṇo’’</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Parikammaṃ katvā</span>ti ‘‘pathavī hotū’’ti parikammaṃ katvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ākāse antalikkhe</span>ti antalikkhasaññite ākāse. Yattha yattha hi āvaraṇaṃ natthi, taṃ taṃ ‘‘ākāsa’’nti vuccati. Ayañca iddhimā na pathaviyā āsanne ākāse gacchati. Yattha pana pakkhīnaṃ agocaro, tattha gacchati, tādisañca loke ‘‘antalikkha’’nti vuccati. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘antalikkhasaññite ākāse’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Thero</span>ti pubbe vutta <span class="bld">tipiṭakacūḷābhayatthero. Samāpattisamāpajjana</span>nti puna samāpattisamāpajjanaṃ. <span class="bld">Nanu samāhitamevassa citta</span>nti iddhimato pāṭihāriyavasena pavattamānassa cittaṃ accantaṃ samāhitameva hoti, na aññadā viya asamāhitanti adhippāyo. Taṃ pana therassa matimattaṃ. Pubbe hi pathavīkasiṇaṃ samāpajjitvā pathaviṃ adhiṭṭhāya gacchati, idāni pana ākāso icchitabbo, tasmā ākāsakasiṇaṃ samāpajjitabbameva. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kiñcāpī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Tirokuṭṭapāṭihāriye</span> <a name="V2.0027"></a> <span class="bld">vuttanayeneva paṭipajjitabba</span>nti yathā tattha kuṭṭādi ‘‘ākāso hotū’’ti adhiṭṭhānena ākāso hoti, evaṃ idhāpi pabbatarukkhādiṃ adhiṭṭhānena ākāsaṃ katvā gantabbanti attho. Atha vā <span class="bld">tirokuṭṭapāṭihāriye vuttanayenevā</span>ti ‘‘sace panassa bhikkhuno adhiṭṭhahitvā gacchantassā’’tiādinā (visuddhi. 2.392) tattha <a name="M2.0028"></a> vuttanayena. Etena ‘‘purimādhiṭṭhānabaleneva cassa antarā añño pabbato vā rukkho vā utumayo uṭṭhahissatīti aṭṭhānameveta’’nti nāgādīhi kayiramāno vibandho gamanantarāyaṃ na karotīti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Okāse</span>ti janavivitte yuttaṭṭhāne. <span class="bld">Pākaṭo hoti</span> ākāsacārī ayaṃ samaṇoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para396"></a><span class="paranum">396</span>. <span class="bld">Dvācattālīsayojanasahassa</span>ggahaṇaṃ paṭhamakappavasena kataṃ, tato paraṃ pana anukkamena pathaviyā ussitabhāvena tato katipayayojanūnatā siyā, appakaṃ adhikaṃ vā ūnaṃ vā gaṇanūpagaṃ na hotīti tathā vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Tīsu dīpesu ekakkhaṇe ālokakaraṇenā</span>ti yadā yasmiṃ dīpe majjhe tiṭṭhanti, tadā tato purimasmiṃ atthaṃ gacchantā pacchime udentā hutvā ālokakaraṇena. Aññajotīnaṃ vā abhibhavanena, duddasatāya ca <span class="bld">mahiddhike</span>. Sattānaṃ sītapariḷāhavūpasamanena, osadhitiṇavanappatīnaṃ paribrūhanena ca <span class="bld">mahānubhāve. Chupatī</span>ti phusati. <span class="bld">Parimajjatī</span>ti hatthaṃ ito cito ca sañcārento ghaṃseti. <span class="bld">Abhiññāpādakajjhānavasenevā</span>ti yassa kassaci abhiññāpādakajjhānavasena. <span class="bld">Eva</span>-kārena pādakajjhānavisesaṃ nivatteti, na adhiṭṭhānaṃ. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘natthettha kasiṇasamāpattiniyamo’’</span>ti. Tirokuṭṭapāṭihāriyādīsu viya imasmiṃ nāma kasiṇe jhānaṃ samāpajjitvā adhiṭṭhātabbanti na ettha koci niyamo atthīti attho. Tathā hi pāḷiyaṃ kiñci samāpattiṃ aparāmasitvā ‘‘idha so iddhimā’’tiādi (paṭi. ma. 3.10-11) vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Hatthapāse hoti</span> ‘‘candimasūriye’’ti evaṃ vuttaṃ candimasūriyamaṇḍalaṃ. <span class="bld">Rūpagataṃ hatthapāse</span>ti hatthapāse ṭhitaṃ rūpagataṃ, hatthapāse vā rūpagataṃ. Hatthaṃ vā vaḍḍhetvā parāmasatīti yojanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Upādinnakaṃ nissāya anupādinnakassa vaḍḍhanaṃ vuttaṃ. Yuttiyā panettha upādinnakassapi vaḍḍhanacchāyā dissati. Attano aṇumahantabhāvāpādane upādinnakassa hāpanaṃ viya vaḍḍhanampi labbhateva. Yathā āyasmato <span class="bld">mahāmoggallānassa nandopananda</span>damaneti evaṃ pavattaṃ sahavatthunā theravādaṃ āharitvā tamatthaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tipiṭakacūḷanāgatthero āhā’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. <span class="bld">Kiṃ pana na hoti,</span> hotiyevāti <a name="V2.0028"></a> adhippāyo. Dve hi paṭisedhā <a name="M2.0029"></a> pakatiṃ gamentīti. <span class="bld">‘‘Tadā mahantaṃ hoti mahāmoggallānattherassa viyā’’</span>ti idaṃ yathādhikatatthadassanavasena vuttaṃ, khuddakabhāvāpādanampettha labbhateva.</p>
<p class="subhead">Nandopanandanāgadamanakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Olokesi</span> buddhāciṇṇavasena ‘‘atthi nu kho assa upanissayo’’ti. Lokiyaṃ ratanattaye pasādalakkhaṇaṃ sāsanāvatāraṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘appasanno’’</span>ti. Micchādiṭṭhito vivecetvā pasādetabboti adhippāyo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ko nu kho…pe… viveceyyā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Taṃ divasa</span>nti yadā bhagavā bhikkhusaṅghaparivuto tāvatiṃsabhavanābhimukho gacchati, taṃ divasabhāgaṃ. <span class="bld">Āpānabhūmiṃ sajjayiṃsū</span>ti yattha so nisinno bhojanakiccaṃ karoti, taṃ parivesanaṭṭhānaṃ sittaṃ sammaṭṭhaṃ bhojanūpakaraṇūpanayanādinā sajjayiṃsu paṭiyādesuṃ. <span class="bld">Tividhanāṭakehī</span>ti vadhūkumārikaññāvatthāhi tividhāhi nāṭakitthīhi. <span class="bld">Olokayamāno</span>ti pekkhanto, vicārento vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uparūparī</span>ti matthakamatthake. <span class="bld">Bhavanenā</span>ti bhavanapadesena. <span class="bld">Bhogehī</span>ti sarīrabhogehi. <span class="bld">Avakujjenā</span>ti nikujjitena. <span class="bld">Gahetvā</span>ti yathā tāvatiṃsabhavanassa padesopi nāvasissati, evaṃ pariyādāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sineruparibhaṇḍa</span>nti sinerumekhalaṃ. Sinerussa kira samantato bahalato, puthulato ca pañcayojanasahassaparimāṇāni cattāri paribhaṇḍāni tāvatiṃsabhavanassa ārakkhāya nāgehi, garuḷehi, kumbhaṇḍehi, yakkhehi ca adhiṭṭhitāni, tāni paribhaṇḍabhāvasāmaññena ekajjhaṃ katvā ‘‘paribhaṇḍa’’nti vuttaṃ. Tehi kira sinerussa upaḍḍhaṃ pariyādinnaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Attabhāvaṃ vijahitvā</span>ti manussarūpaṃ antaradhāpetvā. <span class="bld">Bādhatī</span>ti khedamattaṃ uppādeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Attabhāvaṃ vijahitvā</span>ti sukhumattabhāvanimmānena nāgarūpaṃ vijahitvā. <span class="bld">Mukhaṃ vivari</span> ‘‘mukhagataṃ <a name="V2.0029"></a> samaṇaṃ saṃkhādissāmī’’ti. <span class="bld">Pācīnena ca pacchimena cā</span>ti nāgassa tathānipannattā vuttaṃ. Suṭṭhu satiyā paccupaṭṭhāpanatthamāha <span class="bld">‘‘manasi karohī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ādito</span> <a name="M2.0030"></a> <span class="bld">paṭṭhāya sabbapāṭihāriyānī</span>ti tadā therena katapāṭihāriyāni sandhāya vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Imaṃ pana ṭhāna</span>nti imaṃ nāsāvātavissajjanakāraṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anubandhī</span>ti ‘‘na sakkā evaṃmahiddhikassa imassa samaṇassa paṭipaharitu’’nti bhayena palāyantaṃ anubandhi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekapaṭipāṭiyā</span>ti ekāya paṭipāṭiyā, nirantaranti attho. <span class="bld">Ayamevā</span>ti yā upādinnakaṃ nissāya anupādinnakassa vaḍḍhi, ayameva. <span class="bld">Ettha</span> edise hatthavaḍḍhanādipāṭihāriye <span class="bld">yutti</span> yuttarūpā cittato, ututo vā upādinnakarūpānaṃ anuppajjanato. Atha vā <span class="bld">upādinna</span>nti sakalameva indriyabaddhaṃ adhippetaṃ. Evampi tassa tathā vaḍḍhi na yujjati evāti vuttanayeneva vaḍḍhi veditabbā. Ekasantāne upādinnaṃ, anupādinnañca sambhinnaṃ viya pavattamānampi atthato asambhinnameva. Tattha yathā āḷhakamatte khīre anekāḷhake udake āsitte yadipi khīraṃ sabbena sambhinnaṃ sabbatthakameva lambamānaṃ hutvā tiṭṭhati, tathāpi na tattha khīraṃ vaḍḍhati, udakameva vaḍḍhati, evamevaṃ yadipi upādinnaṃ anupādinnañca sambhinnaṃ viya pavattati, tathāpi upādinnaṃ na vaḍḍhati, iddhānubhāvena cittajaṃ, tadanusārena utujañca vaḍḍhatīti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">So</span>ti so iddhimā. <span class="bld">Evaṃ katvā</span>ti vuttākārena hatthaṃ vā vaḍḍhetvā te vā āgantvā hatthapāse ṭhite katvā. Pādaṭṭhapanādipi vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Aparopi</span> iddhimā. <span class="bld">Tathevā</span>ti pāṭihāriyakaraṇato pubbe viya. <span class="bld">Tathūpamameta</span>nti yathā udakapuṇṇāsu nānāpātīsu bahūhi nānācandamaṇḍalesu dissamānesu na tena candamaṇḍalassa gamanādiuparodho, bahūnañca paccekaṃ dassanaṃ ijjhati, tathūpamametaṃ pāṭihāriyaṃ candimasūriyānaṃ gamanādiuparodhābhāvato, bahūnañca iddhimantānaṃ tattha iddhipayogassa yathicchitaṃ samijjhanatoti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para397"></a><span class="paranum">397</span>. <span class="bld">Paricchedaṃ katvā</span>ti abhividhivasena pana paricchedaṃ katvā, na mariyādavasena. Tathā hesa brahmaloke attano kāyena vasaṃ vatteti. <span class="bld">Pāḷī</span>ti paṭisambhidāmaggapāḷi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yāva</span> <a name="V2.0030"></a> <span class="bld">brahmalokāpi kāyena vasaṃ vattetī</span>ti ettha yasmā na brahmalokasseva gamanaṃ adhippetaṃ, nāpi brahmalokassa gamanameva, atha kho <a name="M2.0031"></a> aññathā aññampi. <span class="bld">Yāva brahmalokā</span>ti pana dūrāvadhinidassanametaṃ, tasmā ‘‘sace brahmalokaṃ gantukāmā hotī’’ti vatvāpi itarampi dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘santikepi dūre adhiṭṭhātī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">pi</span>-saddo samuccayattho, tena vuttāvasesassa adhiṭṭhāniddhiyā nipphādetabbassa sabbassāpi saṅgaho, na vuttassevāti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yamakapāṭihāriyāvasāne</span>tiādinā tivikkamassa adhiṭṭhāniddhinipphannatā vuttā, aññattha pana lakkhaṇānisaṃsatā. Tadubhayaṃ yathā aññamaññaṃ na virujjhati, tathā vicāretvā gahetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nīlamātika</span>nti nīlavaṇṇodakamātikaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mahābodhi</span>nti aparājitapallaṅkaṃ mahābodhiṃ. <span class="bld">Citte uppanne santike akāsī</span>ti tathā cittuppattisamanantarameva pathaviṃ, samuddañca saṃkhipitvā mahābodhisantike akāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nakkhattadivase</span>ti mahadivase. <span class="bld">Candapūve</span>ti candasadise candamaṇḍalākāre pūve. <span class="bld">Ekapattapūramattamakāsī</span>ti yathā te pamāṇato sarūpeneva antopattapariyāpannā honti, tathā akāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kākavaliyavatthusmi</span>ñca ‘‘bhagavā thokaṃ bahuṃ akāsī’’ti ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ. Taṃ pana vatthuṃ saṅkhepatova dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘mahākassapatthero kirā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Samāpattiyā</span>ti nirodhasamāpattiyā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gaṅgātīre</span>ti tambapaṇṇidīpe gaṅgānadiyā tīre. <span class="bld">Saññaṃ adāsī</span>ti yathā te yathādhiṭṭhitaṃ sappiṃ passanti, tathā saññaṃ adāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti yassa brahmuno rūpaṃ daṭṭhukāmo, tassa brahmuno rūpaṃ passati. <span class="bld">Saddaṃ suṇātī</span>ti dibbāya sotadhātuyā brahmuno saddaṃ suṇāti. <span class="bld">Cittaṃ pajānātī</span>ti cetopariyañāṇena brahmuno cittaṃ pajānāti. <span class="bld">Karajakāyassa vasenā</span>ti cātumahābhūtikarūpakāyassa vasena. ‘‘Cittaṃ pariṇāmetī’’ti ettha kiṃ taṃ cittaṃ, kathaṃ vā pariṇāmananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pādakajjhānacittaṃ gahetvā kāye āropetī’’</span>ti. Kathaṃ <a name="V2.0031"></a> pana kāye āropetīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kāyānugatikaṃ karotī’’</span>ti. Evampi saddadandharovāyanti vacanapathaṃ pacchindanto āha <span class="bld">‘‘dandhagamana’’</span>nti. Karotīti <a name="M2.0032"></a> sambandho. <span class="bld">Kāyagamanaṃ hi dandhaṃ,</span> dandhamahābhūtapaccayattāti adhippāyo. Ayañhettha attho – dissamānena kāyena gantukāmatāya vasena cittaṃ pariṇāmento yogī pādakajjhānaṃ samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhāya ‘‘idaṃ cittaṃ kāyo viya dandhagamanaṃ hotū’’ti parikammaṃ karoti. Tathā parikammakaraṇaṃ hi sandhāya ‘‘pādakajjhānacittaṃ gahetvā’’ti vuttaṃ. Parikammaṃ pana katvā puna samāpajjitvā ñāṇena adhiṭṭhahanto taṃ cittaṃ kāye āropeti, kāyānugatikaṃ dandhagamanaṃ karoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sukhasañña</span>nti sukhasahagataṃ saññaṃ, saññāsīsena niddeso. Lahubhāvena saññātanti <span class="bld">lahusaññaṃ</span>. Kathaṃ pana iddhicittena saha sukhasaññāya sambhavoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sukhasaññā nāma upekkhāsampayuttā saññā’’</span>ti. Sukhanti saññātanti vā <span class="bld">sukhasaññaṃ</span>. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘upekkhā hi santaṃ sukhanti vuttā’’</span>ti ekantagarukehi nīvaraṇehi, oḷārikehi anupasantasabhāvehi ca vitakkādīhi vippayogo cittacetasikānaṃ lahubhāvassa kāraṇanti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘sāyeva…pe… veditabbā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Taṃ okkantassā</span>ti taṃ sukhalahusaññaṃ anuppattassa. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti yogino. <span class="bld">Gantukāmatā eva ettha pamāṇa</span>nti ettha etasmiṃ dissamānena kāyena gamane yaṃ ṭhānaṃ gantukāmo, taṃ uddissa gantukāmatāvasena pavattaparikammādhiṭṭhānāni eva pamāṇaṃ, tāvatā gamanaṃ ijjhati. Tasmā magganimmānavāyuadhiṭṭhānehi vināpi icchitadesappatti hotīti. Idāni tamevatthaṃ pākaṭataraṃ kātuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sati hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāyaṃ gahetvā</span>ti karajakāyaṃ ārammaṇakaraṇavasena parikammacittena gahetvā. <span class="bld">Citte āropetī</span>ti ‘‘ayaṃ kāyo idaṃ cittaṃ viya hotū’’ti pādakajjhānacitte āropeti taggatikaṃ karoti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘cittānugatikaṃ karoti sīghagamana’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Cittagamana</span>nti cittappavattimāha. <span class="bld">Idaṃ pana</span> cittavasena kāyapariṇāmanapāṭihāriyaṃ. <span class="bld">Cittagamanamevā</span>ti cittena samānagamanameva. Kathaṃ pana kāyo dandhappavattiko lahuparivattinā cittena samānagatiko hotīti? Na sabbathā samānagatiko. Yatheva hi kāyavasena cittapariṇāmane cittaṃ sabbathā kāyena samānagatikaṃ na hoti. Na hi tadā cittaṃ sabhāvasiddhena attano khaṇena avattitvā garuvuttikassa rūpadhammassa khaṇena vattati. ‘‘Idaṃ cittaṃ ayaṃ kāyo viya hotū’’ti pana adhiṭṭhānena <a name="M2.0033"></a> dandhagatikassa kāyassa anuvattanato yāva icchitaṭṭhānappatti, tāva kāyagatianulomeneva hutvā santānavasena <a name="V2.0032"></a> pavattamānaṃ cittaṃ kāyagatiyā pariṇāmitaṃ nāma hoti, evaṃ ‘‘ayaṃ kāyo idaṃ cittaṃ viya hotū’’ti adhiṭṭhānena pageva sukhalahusaññāya sampāditattā abhāvitiddhipādānaṃ viya dandhaṃ avattitvā yathā lahukatipayacittavāreheva icchitaṭṭhānappatti hoti, evaṃ pavattamāno kāyo cittagatiyā pariṇāmito nāma hoti, na ekacittakkhaṇeneva icchitaṭṭhānappattiyā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evañca katvā ‘‘seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya, pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyyā’’ti idampi upamāvacanaṃ nippariyāyeneva samatthitaṃ hoti. Avassaṃ cetaṃ evaṃ sampaṭicchitabbaṃ, aññathā suttābhidhammapāṭhehi, vinayaaṭṭhakathāya ca virodho siyā, dhammatā ca vilomitā. ‘‘Nāhaṃ, bhikkhave, aññaṃ ekadhammampī’’ti (a. ni. 1.11 ādayo) hi ettha aññagahaṇena rūpadhammā gahitā alahuparivattitāya. Abhidhamme (paṭṭhā. 1.1.10-11) ca purejātapaccayo rūpameva vutto, pacchājātapaccayo ca tasseva. Yattha yattha ca dhammā uppajjanti, tattha tattheva bhijjanti. Natthi desantarasaṅkamanaṃ, na ca sabhāvo aññathā hotīti. Na hi iddhibalena dhammānaṃ kenaci lakkhaṇaṃ aññathattaṃ kātuṃ sakkā, bhāvaññathattameva pana kātuṃ sakkā. <span class="bld">‘‘Tīsupi khaṇesū’’</span>ti idampi gamanārambhaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ, na gamananiṭṭhānanti vadanti. <span class="bld">Thero</span>ti aṭṭhakathācariyānaṃ antare eko thero. <span class="bld">Idhā</span>ti idaṃ pāṭihāriyaṃ vibhajitvā vuttapāṭhe. <span class="bld">Sayaṃ gamanameva āgataṃ</span> ‘‘brahmalokaṃ gacchatī’’ti vuttattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cakkhusotādīna</span>nti cakkhusotādīnaṃ aṅgānaṃ. Tathā hi vuttaṃ ‘‘sabbaṅgapaccaṅga’’nti, sabbaaṅgapaccaṅgavantanti attho. <span class="bld">Pasādo nāma natthī</span>ti imināva bhāvajīvitindriyānampi abhāvo vuttoti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Rucivasenā</span>ti icchāvasena. <span class="bld">Aññampī</span>ti bhagavatā kariyamānato aññampi kiriyaṃ karoti. Ayañcettha buddhānubhāvo. Yadi sāvakanimmitesu nānappakāratā natthi, ‘‘sace pana nānāvaṇṇe kātukāmo hotī’’tiādi yaṃ heṭṭhā vuttaṃ, taṃ kathanti? Taṃ tathā tathā parikammaṃ katvā adhiṭṭhahantassa te te vaṇṇavayādivisesā parikammānurūpaṃ ijjhantīti katvā vuttaṃ. Idha pana yathādhiṭṭhite nimmitarūpe sace sāvako ‘‘ime visesā hontū’’ti <a name="M2.0034"></a> icchati, na ijjhati, buddhānaṃ pana ijjhatīti ayamattho dassitoti na koci virodho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni yāni tāni ‘‘yāva brahmalokāpi kāyena vasaṃ vattetī’’ti (paṭi. ma. 3.10) pāḷiyā atthadassanavasena vibhattāni ‘‘dūrepi santike adhiṭṭhātī’’tiādīni cuddasa pāṭihāriyāni<a name="V2.0033"></a>, tattha sikhāppattaṃ kāyena vasavattanapāṭihāriyaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ettha cā’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">ya</span>nti kiriyāparāmasanaṃ, tena <span class="bld">‘‘rūpaṃ passatī’’</span>ti ettha yadetaṃ rūpadassanaṃ, <span class="bld">‘‘saddaṃ suṇātī’’</span>ti ettha yadetaṃ saddasavanaṃ, <span class="bld">‘‘cittaṃ pajānātī’’</span>ti ettha yadetaṃ cittajānananti evaṃ dibbacakkhusotacetopariyañāṇakattukaṃ dassanasavanajānanakiriyaṃ parāmasatīti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Ito paresu <span class="bld">santiṭṭhatī</span>tiādīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Yampissā</span>ti yampi assa. Yogino adhiṭṭhānanti sambandho. <span class="bld">Yañca kho</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">kho</span>-saddo avadhāraṇattho, visesattho vā, tena ayamevettha kāyena vasavattanapāṭihāriyesu ukkaṭṭhataranti dīpeti. Kasmā? ‘‘Ayaṃ nu kho iddhimā, ayaṃ nu kho nimmito’’ti ekaccassa brahmuno āsaṅkuppādanato. Yadaggena cetaṃ adhiṭṭhitaṃ visesato manomayanti vuccati, tadaggena ukkaṭṭhataranti veditabbaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ettāvatā kāyena vasaṃ vatteti nāmā’’</span>ti. Yadi evaṃ kasmā idha sesāni gahitānīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sesaṃ…pe… vutta’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para398"></a><span class="paranum">398</span>. <span class="bld">Idaṃ nānākaraṇa</span>nti kāmamimāpi dve iddhiyo adhiṭṭhānavaseneva ijjhanti, tathāpi idaṃ idāni vuccamānaṃ imāsaṃ nānākaraṇaṃ viseso. <span class="bld">Pakativaṇṇaṃ vijahitvā</span>ti attano pakatirūpaṃ vijahitvā apanetvā, paresaṃ adassetvāti attho. <span class="bld">Kumārakavaṇṇa</span>nti kumārakasaṇṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Dassetī</span>ti tathā vikubbanto attani dasseti. <span class="bld">Nāgavaṇṇaṃ vā</span>tiādīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Hatthimpi dassetī</span>ti attānampi hatthiṃ katvā dasseti, bahiddhāpi hatthiṃ dasseti. Etadatthameva hi idha ‘‘hatthivaṇṇaṃ vā dassetī’’ti avatvā ‘‘hatthimpi dassetī’’ti (paṭi. ma. 3.13) vuttaṃ. Yaṃ pana keci bahiddhā hatthiādidassanavacanaṃ ‘‘pakativaṇṇaṃ vijahitvā’’ti vacanena vikubbaniddhibhāvena virujjhatīti vadanti, tadayuttaṃ. Kasmā? Pakativaṇṇavijahanaṃ nāma attano pakatirūpassa aññesaṃ adassanaṃ, na sabbena sabbaṃ tassa nirodhanaṃ. Evaṃ sati attānaṃ adassetvā bahiddhā hatthiṃ dassento ‘‘pakativaṇṇaṃ vijahitvā hatthiṃ dassetī’’ti <a name="M2.0035"></a> vuccamāne ko ettha virodho, attanā pana hatthivaṇṇo hutvā bahiddhāpi hatthiṃ dassante vattabbameva natthi. Tenevāha ‘‘bahiddhāpi hatthiādidassanavasena vutta’’nti. Evañca katvā vikubbaniddhibhāvena ca na koci virodho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pāḷiyañca <span class="bld">kumārakavaṇṇaṃ vā</span>tiādīsu aniyamattho vā-saddo vutto. Tesu ekekasseva karaṇadassanatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Hatthimpī</span>tiādīsu pana hatthiādīnaṃ bahūnaṃ ekajjhaṃ kātabbābhāvadassanatthaṃ samuccayattho pi-saddo vutto. Tena ‘‘hatthimpi dassetī’’tiādīsu dutiye vuttanayeneva attho gahetabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Iddhimato <a name="V2.0034"></a> attano kumārakākārena paresaṃ dassanaṃ kumārakavaṇṇanimmānaṃ, na ettha kiñci apubbaṃ pathavīādivatthu nipphādīyatīti kasiṇaniyamena payojanābhāvato <span class="bld">‘‘pathavīkasiṇādīsu aññatarārammaṇato’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Satipi vā vatthunipphādane yathārahaṃ taṃ pathavīkasiṇādivaseneva ijjhatīti evampettha kasiṇaniyamena payojanaṃ nattheva. Kumārakavaṇṇañhi dassentena nīlavaṇṇaṃ vā dassetabbaṃ siyā, pītādīsu aññataravaṇṇaṃ vā. Tathā sati nīlādikasiṇāni samāpajjitabbānīti āpannova kasiṇaniyamo. Eseva nayo sesesupi. Evamadhiṭṭhite yadeke pathavīkasiṇavasena ‘‘ekopi hutvā bahudhā hotī’’tiādi (dī. ni. 1.238; ma. ni. 1.147; saṃ. ni. 5.842; paṭi. ma. 3.10) bhāvoti evaṃ pavattena kasiṇaniddesena idha vikubbaniddhiniddese ‘‘pathavīkasiṇādīsu aññatarārammaṇato’’tiādivacanassa virodhaṃ āsaṅkanti, so anokāsovāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Nimminitabbabhāvena attanā icchitoti <span class="bld">attano kumārakavaṇṇo,</span> na pana attano daharakāle kumārakavaṇṇoti. <span class="bld">Nāgā</span>divaṇṇesupi ayaṃ nayo byāpī evāti yadeke ‘‘nāgādinimmāne na yujjati viyā’’ti vadanti, tadapohataṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bahiddhāpī</span>ti <span class="bld">pi</span>-saddena ajjhattaṃ sampiṇḍeti. Ayañhettha attho – <span class="bld">hatthimpi dassetī</span>tiādi ajjhattaṃ, bahiddhāpi hatthiādidassanavasena vuttaṃ, na ‘‘kumārakavaṇṇaṃ vā’’tiādi viya ajjhattameva kumārakavaṇṇādīnaṃ dassanavasenāti. Yaṃ ettha vattabbaṃ adhiṭṭhānavidhānaṃ, taṃ heṭṭhā vuttameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para399"></a><span class="paranum">399</span>. <span class="bld">Kāya</span>nti <a name="M2.0036"></a> attano karajakāyaṃ. <span class="bld">Vuttanayenevā</span>ti ‘‘ayaṃ kāyo susiro hotū’’ti parikammaṃ katvā puna ‘‘pādakajjhānaṃ samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhāyā’’ti imaṃ heṭṭhā vuttanayānusāramāha. <span class="bld">Aññaṃ kāya</span>nti yaṃ manomayaṃ kāyaṃ nimminitukāmo, taṃ. <span class="bld">Muñjamhā</span>ti muñjatiṇato. <span class="bld">Īsika</span>nti tassa kaṇḍaṃ. <span class="bld">Kosiyā</span>ti asikosato. <span class="bld">Karaṇḍāyā</span>ti peḷāya, nimmokatoti ca vadanti. <span class="bld">Abbāhatī</span>ti uddharati. <span class="bld">Pavāheyyā</span>ti ākaḍḍheyya.</p>
<p class="centered">Iddhividhaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti dvādasamaparicchedavaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="chapter">13. Abhiññāniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">Dibbasotadhātukathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para400"></a><span class="paranum">400</span>. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti <a name="M2.0037"></a><a name="V2.0035"></a> dibbasotadhātuyā niddese. Abhiññāpāḷiyā hi niddesamukhena abhiññānaṃ nibbattanavidhi vidhīyati. Abhiññāsīsenettha abhiññāpāḷi vuttā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tato parāsu ca tīsu abhiññāsū’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tato parāsū</span>ti ca satthuno desanākkamaṃ, attano ca uddesakkamaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ, na paṭipattikkamaṃ. Na hi paṭipajjantā imināva kamena paṭipajjanti. <span class="bld">Sabbatthā</span>ti dibbasotadhātupāḷiyaṃ, sesābhiññāpāḷiyañcāti sabbattha. <span class="bld">Tatrā</span>ti vākyopaññāse nipātamattaṃ, <span class="bld">tatra</span> vā yathāvuttapāṭhe. <span class="bld">Dibbasadisattā</span>ti dibbe bhavāti dibbā, devānaṃ sotadhātu, tāya dibbāya sadisattā. Idāni taṃ dibbasadisataṃ vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘devānaṃ hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">sucaritakammanibbattā</span>ti saddhābahulatāvisuddhadiṭṭhitānisaṃsadassāvitādisampattiyā suṭṭhu caritattā sucaritena devūpapattijanakena puññakammena nibbattā. <span class="bld">Pittasemharuhirādīhī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena vātarogādīnaṃ saṅgaho. <span class="bld">Apalibuddhā</span>ti anupaddutā. Pittādīhi anupaddutattā, kammassa ca uḷāratāya <span class="bld">upakkilesavimutti</span> veditabbā. Upakkilesadosarahitaṃ hi kammaṃ tiṇādidosarahitaṃ viya sassaṃ uḷāraphalaṃ anupakkiliṭṭhaṃ hoti. Kāraṇūpacārena cassa phalaṃ tathā voharīyati, yathā ‘‘sukkaṃ sukkavipāka’’nti (dī. ni. 3.312; ma. ni. 2.81; a. ni. 4.233). <span class="bld">Dūrepī</span>ti <span class="bld">pi</span>-saddena sukhumassāpi ārammaṇassa sampaṭicchanasamatthataṃ saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Pasādasotadhātū</span>ti catumahābhūtānaṃ pasādalakkhaṇā sotadhātu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vīriyārambhavaseneva ijjhanato sabbāpi kusalabhāvanā vīriyabhāvanā, padhānasaṅkhārasamannāgatā vā iddhipādabhāvanāpi visesato vīriyabhāvanā, tassā ānubhāvena nibbattā <span class="bld">vīriyabhāvanābalanibbattā</span>. Ñāṇamayā sotadhātu ñāṇasotadhātu. <span class="bld">Tādisāyevā</span>ti upakkilesavimuttatāya, dūrepi sukhumassapi ārammaṇassa sampaṭicchanasamatthatāya ca taṃsadisā eva<a name="V2.0036"></a>. <span class="bld">Dibbavihāravasena paṭiladdhattā</span>ti dibbavihārasaṅkhātānaṃ catunnaṃ bhūmīnaṃ vasena paṭiladdhattā, iminā kāraṇavasenassā dibbabhāvamāha. Yaṃ cettha vattabbaṃ, taṃ heṭṭhā vuttameva. <span class="bld">Dibbavihārasannissitattā</span>ti <a name="M2.0038"></a> aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgamena ukkaṃsagataṃ pādakajjhānasaṅkhātaṃ dibbavihāraṃ sannissāya pavattattā, dibbavihārapariyāpannaṃ vā attanā sampayuttaṃ rūpāvacaracatutthajjhānaṃ nissayapaccayabhūtaṃ sannissitattāti evampettha attho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Savanaṭṭhenā</span>ti saddagahaṇaṭṭhena. Yāthāvato hi saddūpaladdhi saddasabhāvāvabodho savanaṃ. Santesupi aññesu sabhāvadhāraṇādīsu dhātuatthesu attasuññatāsandassanatthā satthu dhātudesanāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘nijjīvaṭṭhena cā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sotadhātukiccaṃ</span> saddasampaṭicchanaṃ, saddasanniṭṭhānapaccayatā ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ñāṇassa parisuddhi upakkilesavigamenevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘nirupakkilesāyā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Mānusikā</span> manussa santakā, maṃsasotadhātu, dibbavidūrādivisayaggahaṇasaṅkhātena attano kiccavisesena atikkantaṃ mānusikaṃ etāyāti <span class="bld">atikkantamānusikā</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘manussūpacāraṃ atikkamitvā saddasavanenā’’</span>ti. Tattha <span class="bld">manussūpacāra</span>nti manussehi upacaritabbaṭṭhānaṃ, pakatiyā sotadvārena gahetabbaṃ visayanti adhippāyo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘saddasavanenā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Dibbe</span>ti devalokapariyāpanne. Te pana visesato devānaṃ kathā saddā hontīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘devānaṃ sadde’’</span>ti. Manussānaṃ eteti mānusā, te <span class="bld">mānuse</span>. Evaṃ devamanussasaddānaṃyeva gahitattā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘padesapariyādāna’’</span>nti, ekadesaggahaṇanti attho. <span class="bld">Sadehasannissitā</span> attano sarīre sannissitā. <span class="bld">Nippadesapariyādānaṃ</span> ṭhānabhedaggahaṇamukhena saviññāṇakādibhedabhinnassa saddassa anavasesena saṅgaṇhanato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ayaṃ</span> dibbasotadhātu. <span class="bld">Parikammasamādhicittenā</span>ti parikammabhūtāveṇikasamādhicittena, dibbasotañāṇassa parikammavasena pavattakkhaṇikasamādhinā samāhitacittenāti attho. <span class="bld">Parikammasamādhi</span> nāma dibbasotadhātuyā upacārāvatthātipi vadanti. Sā pana nānāvajjanavasena vuttāti daṭṭhabbā. Sabboḷārikasaddadassanatthaṃ sīhādīnaṃ saddo paṭhamaṃ gahito. Tiyojanamatthakepi kira kesarasīhassa sīhanādasaddo suyyati. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena meghasaddabyagghasaddādīnaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. Ettha ca yathā oḷārikasaddāvajjanaṃ yāvadeva sukhumasaddāvajjanūpāyadassanatthaṃ, tathā saddaggahaṇabhāvanābalena sukhumatarasaddaggahaṇasaṃsiddhito.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ <a name="M2.0039"></a> āsannasaddaggahaṇānusārena dūradūratarasaddaggahaṇampi samijjhatīti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘puratthimāya</span> <a name="V2.0037"></a> <span class="bld">disāyā’’</span>tiādinā disāsambandhavasena saddānaṃ manasikāravidhi āraddho. Tattha <span class="bld">saddanimitta</span>nti ñāṇuppattihetubhāvato saddo eva saddanimittaṃ, yo vā yathāvutto upādāyupādāya labbhamāno saddānaṃ oḷārikasukhumākāro, taṃ saddanimittaṃ. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘saddānaṃ saddanimitta’’</span>nti. Yaṃ pana vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘oḷārikānampi sukhumānampi saddānaṃ saddanimittaṃ manasi kātabba’’</span>nti, taṃ oḷārikasukhumasammatesupi oḷārikasukhumasabbhāvadassanatthaṃ. Tañca sabbaṃ sukhume ñāṇaparicayadassanatthaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Saddanimittassa apaccuppannasabhāvattā ‘‘saddova saddanimitta’’nti ayameva pakkho ñāyāgatoti keci, taṃ na oḷārikasukhumānaṃ saddānaṃ vaṇṇārammaṇena ñāṇena nīlapītādivaṇṇānaṃ viya tattheva gahetabbato. Oḷārikasukhumabhāvo cettha saddanimittanti adhippetanti. <span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti yathāvuttena vidhinā paṭipajjantassa yogino. <span class="bld">Te saddā</span>ti ye sabboḷārikato pabhuti āvajjantassa anukkamena sukhumasukhumā saddā āvajjitā, te. <span class="bld">Pākatikacittassāpī</span>ti pādakajjhānasamāpajjanato pubbe pavattacittassāpi. <span class="bld">Parikammasamādhicittassā</span>ti dibbasotadhātuyā uppādanatthaṃ pādakajjhānaṃ samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhitassa saddaṃ ārabbha parikammakaraṇavasena pavattakkhaṇikasamādhicittassa. Pubbepi ñāṇena parimadditattā ativiya pākaṭā hontīti sambandho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tesu saddesū</span>ti ye parikammassa visayadassanatthaṃ bahū saddā vuttā, tesu saddesu. <span class="bld">Aññatara</span>nti yatthassa parikammakaraṇavasena abhiṇhaṃ manasikāro pavatto, taṃ ekaṃ saddaṃ. <span class="bld">Tato para</span>nti tato appanuppattito paraṃ. <span class="bld">Tasmiṃ sote</span>ti tasmiṃ ñāṇasote. <span class="bld">Patito hotī</span>ti dibbasotadhātu antogadhā hoti appanācittassa uppattito pabhuti dibbasotañāṇalābhī nāma hoti, na dānissa tadatthaṃ bhāvanābhiyogo icchitabboti attho. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti dibbasotadhātuṃ. <span class="bld">Thāmajāta</span>nti jātathāmaṃ daḷhabhāvappattaṃ. <span class="bld">Vaḍḍhetabbaṃ</span> pādakajjhānārammaṇaṃ. Kinti kittakanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘etthantare saddaṃ suṇāmīti ekaṅgulamattaṃ paricchinditvā’’</span>ti. Pādakajjhānassa hi ārammaṇabhūtaṃ kasiṇanimittaṃ ‘‘ettakaṃ ṭhānaṃ pharatū’’ti manasi karitvā pādakajjhānaṃ samāpajjantassa kasiṇanimittaṃ tattakaṃ ṭhānaṃ pharitvā tiṭṭhati<a name="M2.0040"></a>. So samāpattito vuṭṭhāya tattha gate sadde āvajjati, subhāvitabhāvanattā tattha aññataraṃ saddaṃ ārabbha uppannāvajjanānantaraṃ cattāri, pañca vā javanāni uppajjanti. Tesu pacchimaṃ iddhicittaṃ, itarassa punapi pādakajjhānaṃ samāpajjitabbameva. Tato eva hi pādakajjhānārammaṇena phuṭṭhokāsabbhantaragatepi sadde suṇātiyevāti sāsaṅkaṃ vadati. <span class="bld">Ekaṅguladvaṅgulā</span>diggahaṇañcettha sukhumasaddāpekkhāya kataṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V2.0038"></a> <span class="bld">suṇantovā</span>ti evaṃ paricchinditvā paricchinditvā savanena vasīkatābhiñño hutvā yathāvajjite sadde suṇanto eva. <span class="bld">Pāṭiyekka</span>nti ekajjhaṃ pavattamānepi te sadde paccekaṃ vatthubhedena vavatthapetukāmatāya sati.</p>
<p class="centered">Dibbasotadhātukathāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Cetopariyañāṇakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para401"></a><span class="paranum">401</span>. <span class="bld">Pariyātī</span>ti sarāgādivibhāgena paricchijja jānāti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘paricchindatīti attho’’</span>ti. Yesañhi dhātūnaṃ gati attho, buddhipi tesaṃ attho. ‘‘Parasattāna’’nti ettha para-saddo aññatthoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘attānaṃ ṭhapetvā sesasattāna’’</span>nti, yathā hi yo paro na hoti, so attā. Yo attā na hoti, so paroti. <span class="bld">Sattāna</span>nti cettha rūpādīsu sattāti sattā. Tassā pana paññattiyā saviññāṇakasantāne niruḷhattā nicchandarāgāpi sattātveva vuccanti, bhūtapubbagatiyā vā. ‘‘Pu’’nti narakaṃ, tattha galanti papatantīti <span class="bld">puggalā,</span> pāpakārino. Itarepi saṃsāre saṃsārino taṃsabhāvānātivattanato puggalātveva vuccanti. Taṃtaṃsattanikāyassa vā tattha tattha upapattiyā pūraṇato, aniccatāvasena galanato ca <span class="bld">puggalā</span>ti neruttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Etañhī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">hi</span>-saddo hetuattho. Yasmā ‘‘etaṃ cetopariyañāṇaṃ dibbacakkhuñāṇavasena ijjhatī’’ti <span class="bld">taṃ</span> dibbacakkhuñāṇaṃ, <span class="bld">etassa</span> cetopariyañāṇassa uppādane <span class="bld">parikammaṃ,</span> tasmā tena cetopariyañāṇaṃ uppādetukāmena adhigatadibbacakkhuñāṇena bhikkhunāti evaṃ yojanā kātabbā<a name="M2.0041"></a>. <span class="bld">Hadayarūpa</span>nti na hadayavatthu, atha kho hadayamaṃsapesi. Yaṃ bahi kamalamakuḷasaṇṭhānaṃ, anto kosātakīphalasadisanti vuccati, tañhi nissāya dāni vuccamānaṃ lohitaṃ tiṭṭhati. Hadayavatthu pana imaṃ lohitaṃ nissāya pavattatīti. Kathaṃ pana dibbacakkhunā lohitassa vaṇṇadassanena arūpaṃ cittaṃ pariyesatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yadā hī’’</span>tiādi. Kathaṃ pana somanassasahagatādicittavuttiyā kammajassa lohitassa vividhavaṇṇabhāvāpattīti? Ko vā evamāha ‘‘kammajameva taṃ lohita’’nti catusantatirūpassāpi tattha labbhamānattā. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘idaṃ rūpaṃ somanassindriyasamuṭṭhāna’’</span>ntiādi. Evampi yaṃ tattha acittajaṃ, tassa yathāvuttavaṇṇabhedena <a name="V2.0039"></a> na bhavitabbanti? Bhavitabbaṃ, sesatisantatirūpānaṃ tadanuvattanato. Yathā hi gamanādīsu cittajarūpāni utukammāhārasamuṭṭhānarūpehi anuvattīyanti, aññathā kāyassa desantaruppattiyeva na siyā, evamidhāpi cittajarūpaṃ sesatisantatirūpāni anuvattamānāni pavattanti. Pasādakodhavelāsu cakkhussa vaṇṇabhedāpattiyeva ca tadatthassa nidassanaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pariyesantenā</span>ti paṭhamaṃ tāva anumānato ñāṇaṃ pesetvā gavesantena. Cetopariyañāṇañhi uppādetukāmena yoginā heṭṭhā vuttanayena rūpāvacaracatutthajjhānaṃ aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ abhinīhārakkhamaṃ katvā dibbacakkhuñāṇassa lābhī samāno ālokaṃ vaḍḍhetvā dibbena cakkhunā parassa hadayamaṃsapesiṃ nissāya pavattamānassa lohitassa vaṇṇadassanena ‘‘idāni imassa cittaṃ somanassasahagata’’nti vā ‘‘domanassasahagata’’nti vā ‘‘upekkhāsahagata’’nti vā nayaggāhavasenapi vavatthapetvā pādakajjhānaṃ samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhāya ‘‘imassa cittaṃ jānāmī’’ti parikammaṃ kātabbaṃ. Kālasatampi kālasahassampi punappunaṃ pādakajjhānaṃ samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhāya tatheva paṭipajjitabbaṃ. Tassevaṃ dibbacakkhunā hadayalohitavaṇṇadassanādividhinā paṭipajjantassa idāni cetopariyañāṇaṃ uppajjissatīti yaṃ tadā pavattatīti vavatthāpitaṃ cittaṃ, taṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā manodvārāvajjanaṃ uppajjati, tasmiṃ niruddhe cattāri, pañca vā javanāni javanti. Tesaṃ purimāni tīṇi, cattāri vā parikammādisamaññāni kāmāvacarāni, catutthaṃ, pañcamaṃ vā appanācittaṃ rūpāvacaracatutthajjhānikaṃ. Tattha yaṃ antena appanācittena saddhiṃ uppannaṃ ñāṇaṃ, idaṃ <span class="bld">cetopariyañāṇaṃ</span>. Tañhi yatthānena parikammaṃ kataṃ, taṃ parassa cittaṃ paccakkhato paṭivijjhantaṃ vibhāventameva hutvā <a name="M2.0042"></a> pavattati rūpaṃ viya ca dibbacakkhuñāṇaṃ, saddaṃ viya ca dibbasotañāṇaṃ. Tato paraṃ pana kāmāvacaracittehi sarāgādivavatthāpanaṃ hoti nīlādivavatthāpanaṃ viya. Evamadhigatassa pana cetopariyañāṇassa thāmagamanavidhānampi adhigamanavidhānasadisamevāti taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tasmā tena…pe… thāmagataṃ kātabba’’</span>nti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evaṃ thāmagate hī</span>tiādi thāmagatānisaṃsadassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbampi kāmāvacaracitta</span>nti catupaṇṇāsavidhampi kāmāvacaracittaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Sabbampī’’</span>ti padaṃ ‘‘rūpāvacarārūpāvacaracitta’’nti etthāpi ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ. Tena pañcadasavidhampi rūpāvacaracittaṃ, dvādasavidhampi arūpāvacaracittanti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Pajānātī</span>ti sarāgādipakārehi jānāti, paccakkhato paṭivijjhatīti adhippāyo. Puthujjanavasenāyaṃ abhiññākathāti lokuttaraṃ cittaṃ idha anuddhaṭaṃ. Tampi <a name="V2.0040"></a> hi uparimo, sadiso vā ariyo heṭṭhimassa, sadisassa ca cittampi pajānāti eva. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘anuttaraṃ vā citta’’</span>ntiādi. <span class="bld">Saṅkamanto</span>ti ñāṇena upasaṅkamanto. Ekaccañhi cittaṃ ñatvā parikammena vinā tadaññaṃ cittaṃ jānanto <span class="bld">‘‘cittā cittaṃ saṅkamanto’’</span>ti vutto. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vināpi hadayarūpadassanenā’’</span>ti. Hadayarūpadassanādividhānaṃ hi ādikammikavasena vuttaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vuttampi ceta’’</span>ntiādi. <span class="bld">Yattha katthacī</span>ti pañcavokārabhave, catuvokārabhavepi vā. Na kato abhiññānuyogasaṅkhāto abhiniveso etenāti <span class="bld">akatābhiniveso,</span> tassa, ādikammikassāti attho. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ kathā</span>ti ‘‘ālokaṃ vaḍḍhetvā’’tiādinā vuttaparikammakathā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Avasesa</span>nti vuttāvasesaṃ. Evaṃ avibhāgena vuttaṃ vibhāgato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘catubhūmakaṃ kusalābyākataṃ cittaṃ vītarāga’’</span>nti āha. Tañhi yonisomanasikārappaccayataṃhetukatāhi rāgena sampayogāsaṅkābhāvato ‘‘vītarāga’’nti vattabbataṃ labhati. Sesākusalacittānaṃ rāgena sampayogābhāvato nattheva sarāgatā, taṃnimittakatāya pana siyā taṃsahitatālesoti nattheva vītarāgatāpīti dukavinimuttatāva yuttāti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘imasmiṃ duke saṅgahaṃ na gacchantī’’</span>ti. Yadi evaṃ padesikaṃ cetopariyañāṇaṃ āpajjatīti? Nāpajjati, dukantarapariyāpannattā tesaṃ. Ye pana ‘‘paṭipakkhabhāve asatipi sampayogābhāvo evettha pamāṇaṃ ekaccaabyākatānaṃ viyā’’ti sesākusalacittānampi vītarāgataṃ paṭijānanti<a name="M2.0043"></a>, te sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘keci pana therā tānipi saṅgaṇhantī’’</span>ti. Sadosadukepi imināva nayena attho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pāṭipuggalikanayenā</span>ti āveṇikanayena, tadaññākusalacittesu viya lobhadosehi amissitassa mohasseva sabbhāvatoti attho. Akusalamūlasaṅkhātesu saha mohenevāti <span class="bld">samohaṃ</span> paṭhamanaye, dutiyanaye pana saheva mohenāti <span class="bld">samoha</span>nti evaṃ uttarapurimapadāvadhāraṇato dvīsu nayesu bhedo veditabbo. Attanā sampayuttaṃ thinamiddhaṃ anuvattanavasena gataṃ pavattaṃ <span class="bld">thinamiddhānugataṃ</span> pañcavidhaṃ sasaṅkhārikākusalacittaṃ <span class="bld">saṃkhittaṃ,</span> ārammaṇe saṅkocanavasena pavattanato. Vuttanayena <span class="bld">uddhaccānugataṃ</span> veditabbaṃ, taṃ pana uddhaccasahagataṃ cittaṃ, yattha vā uddhaccaṃ paccayavisesena thāmajātaṃ hutvā pavattati. Kilesavikkhambhanasamatthatāya, vipulaphalatāya, dīghasantānatāya ca mahantabhāvaṃ gataṃ, mahantehi vā uḷāracchandavīriyacittapaññehi gataṃ paṭipannanti <span class="bld">mahaggataṃ. Avasesa</span>nti parittaappamāṇaṃ. Attānaṃ uttarituṃ samatthehi saha uttarehīti <span class="bld">sauttaraṃ</span>. Uttiṇṇanti uttaraṃ, loke apariyāpannabhāvena lokato uttaranti <span class="bld">lokuttaraṃ</span>. Tato eva natthi <a name="V2.0041"></a> etassa uttaranti <span class="bld">anuttaraṃ</span>. Upanijjhānalakkhaṇappattena samādhinā sammadeva āhitanti <span class="bld">samāhitaṃ. Tadaṅgavimuttippattaṃ</span> kāmāvacarakusalacittaṃ. <span class="bld">Vikkhambhanavimuttippattaṃ</span> mahaggatacittaṃ. <span class="bld">Samucchedavimuttippattaṃ</span> maggacittaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭippassaddhivimuttippattaṃ</span> phalacittaṃ. <span class="bld">Nissaraṇavimuttippatta</span>mpi tadubhayameva. Kāmaṃ kānici paccavekkhaṇacittādīni nibbānārammaṇāni honti, nissaraṇavimuttippattāni pana na honti tādisakiccāyogato. <span class="bld">Pāḷiyaṃ</span> āgatasarāgādibhedavasena ceva tesaṃ antarabhedavasena ca <span class="bld">sabbappakārampi</span>.</p>
<p class="centered">Cetopariyañāṇakathāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para402"></a><span class="paranum">402</span>. Pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati, tassa vā anussaraṇaṃ <span class="bld">pubbenivāsānussati,</span> taṃ nissayādipaccayabhūtaṃ paṭicca uppajjanato ‘‘pubbenivāsānussatimhi yaṃ ñāṇaṃ, tadatthāyā’’ti saṅkhepena vuttamatthaṃ vivaranto <a name="M2.0044"></a> pubbenivāsaṃ tāva dassetvā tattha satiñāṇāni dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pubbenivāso’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha ‘‘pubbe’’ti idaṃ padaṃ ‘‘ekampi jāti’’ntiādivacanato atītabhavavisayaṃ idhādhippetanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘atītajātīsū’’</span>ti nivāsa-saddo kammasādhano, khandhavinimutto ca nivasitadhammo natthīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘nivutthakkhandhā’’</span>ti. Nivutthatā cettha sasantāne pavattatā, tathābhūtā ca te anu anu bhūtā jātā pavattā tattha uppajjitvā vigatāva hontīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘nivutthāti ajjhāvutthā anubhūtā attano santāne uppajjitvā niruddhā’’</span>ti. Evaṃ sasantatipariyāpannadhammavasena nivāsa-saddassa atthaṃ vatvā idāni avisesena vattuṃ ‘‘nivutthadhammā vā nivutthā’’ti vatvā taṃ vivarituṃ <span class="bld">‘‘gocaranivāsenā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Gocarabhūtāpi hi gocarāsevanāya āsevitā ārammaṇakaraṇavasena anubhūtā nivutthā nāma hontīti. Te pana duvidhā saparaviññāṇagocaratāyāti ubhayepi te dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘attano’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha ‘‘attano viññāṇena viññātā’’ti vatvā ‘‘paricchinnā’’ti vacanaṃ ye te gocaranivāsena nivutthadhammā, te na kevalaṃ viññāṇena viññāṇamattā, atha kho yathā pubbe jātināmagottavaṇṇaliṅgāhārādivisesehi paricchedakārikāya paññāya paricchijja gahitā, tathevetaṃ <a name="V2.0042"></a> ñāṇaṃ paricchijja gaṇhātīti imassa atthassa dīpanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Paraviññāṇaviññātāpi vā nivutthāti sambandho. Na kevalaṃ attanova viññāṇena, atha kho paresaṃ viññāṇena viññātāpi vāti attho. Idhāpi ‘‘paricchinnā’’ti padaṃ ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ ‘‘paresampi vā viññāṇena viññātā paricchinnā’’ti. Tassa ca gahaṇe payojanaṃ vuttanayeneva vattabbaṃ. Te ca kho yasmā abhītāsu eva jātīsu aññehi viññātā paricchinnā, te ca parinibbutāpi honti. Ye hi te viññātā, tesaṃ tadā vattamānasantānānusārena tesampi atīte pavatti ñāyatīti sikhāppattaṃ pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇassa visayabhūtaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘chinnavaṭumakānussaraṇādīsū’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Chinnavaṭumakā sammāsambuddhā, tesaṃ anussaraṇā <span class="bld">chinnavaṭumakānussaraṇaṃ. Ādi</span>-saddena paccekasambuddhabuddhasāvakānussaraṇāni gayhantīti vadanti. Chinnavaṭumakā pana sabbeva anupādisesāya nibbānadhātuyā <a name="M2.0045"></a> parinibbutā. Tesaṃ anussaraṇaṃ nāma tesaṃ paṭipattiyā anussaraṇaṃ, sā pana paṭipatti saṅkhepato chaḷārammaṇaggahaṇalakkhaṇāti tāni idha paraviññāṇaviññātaggahaṇena gahitāni, te panete sammāsambuddhānaṃyeva visayā, na aññesanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘te buddhānaṃyeva labbhantī’’</span>ti. Na hi atīte buddhā bhagavanto evaṃ vipassiṃsu, evaṃ maggaṃ bhāvesuṃ, evaṃ phalanibbānāni sacchākaṃsu, evaṃ veneyye vinesunti ettha sabbadā aññesaṃ ñāṇassa gati atthīti. Yāya satiyā pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati, sā pubbenivāsānussatīti ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anekavidha</span>nti nānābhavayonigativiññāṇaṭṭhitisattāvāsādivasena bahuvidhaṃ. <span class="bld">Pakārehī</span>ti nāmagottādiākārehi saddhiṃ, sahayoge cetaṃ karaṇavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Pavattitaṃ</span> desanāvasena. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘saṃvaṇṇita’’</span>nti, vitthāritanti attho. <span class="bld">‘‘Nivāsa’’</span>nti antogadhabhedasāmaññavacanametanti te bhede byāpanicchāvasena saṅgahetvā dassento <span class="bld">‘‘tattha tattha nivutthasantāna’’</span>nti āha. Sāvakassevetaṃ anussaraṇaṃ, na satthunoti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘khandhapaṭipāṭivasena cutipaṭisandhivasena vā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Khandhapaṭipāṭi</span> khandhānaṃ anukkamo. Sā ca kho cutito paṭṭhāya uppaṭipāṭivasena. Keci panettha ‘‘iriyāpathapaṭipāṭi khandhapaṭipāṭī’’ti vadanti. <span class="bld">Anugantvā anugantvā</span>ti ñāṇagatiyā anugantvā anugantvā. <span class="bld">Titthiyā</span>ti aññatitthiyā, te pana kammavādino kiriyavādino tāpasādayo. Ṭhapetvā aggasāvakamahāsāvake itare satthu sāvakā <span class="bld">pakatisāvakā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā titthiyānaṃ brahmajālādīsu cattālīsāya eva saṃvaṭṭavivaṭṭānaṃ anussaraṇaṃ āgataṃ, tasmā <a name="V2.0043"></a> ‘‘na tato para’’nti vatvā taṃ kāraṇaṃ vadanto <span class="bld">‘‘dubbalapaññattā’’</span>tiādimāha, tena vipassanābhiyogo pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇassa visesakāraṇanti dasseti. <span class="bld">Balavapaññattā</span>ti ettha nāmarūpaparicchedādiyeva paññāya balavakāraṇaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Tañhettha nesaṃ sādhāraṇakāraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Ettako</span>ti kappānaṃ lakkhaṃ, tadadhikaṃ ekaṃ, dve ca asaṅkhyeyyānīti kālavasena evaṃparimāṇo yathākkamaṃ tesaṃ mahāsāvakaaggasāvakapaccekabuddhānaṃ puññañāṇābhinīhāro sāvakapaccekabodhipāramitā samitā. Yadi bodhisambhārasambharaṇakālaparicchinno tesaṃ tesaṃ ariyānaṃ abhiññāñāṇavibhāgo, evaṃ sante <a name="M2.0046"></a> buddhānampi visayaparicchedatā āpannāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘buddhānaṃ pana paricchedo nāma natthī’’</span>ti. ‘‘Yāvatakaṃ ñeyyaṃ, tāvatakaṃ ñāṇa’’nti (mahāni. 156; cūḷani. mogharājamāṇavapucchāniddesa 85; paṭi. ma. 3.5) vacanato sabbaññutaññāṇassa viya buddhānaṃ abhiññāñāṇānampi visaye paricchedo nāma natthi. Tattha yaṃ yaṃ ñātuṃ icchanti, taṃ taṃ jānanti eva. Atha vā satipi kālaparicchede kāraṇūpāyakosallapariggahādinā sātisayattā mahābodhisambhārānaṃ paññāpāramitāya pavattiānubhāvassa paricchedo nāma natthi, kuto tannibbattānaṃ abhiññāñāṇānanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘buddhānaṃ pana paricchedo nāma natthī’’</span>ti. Atīte ettakāni kappānaṃ asaṅkhyeyyānīti evaṃ kālaparicchedo nāma natthi, anāgate anāgataṃsañāṇassa viya.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ channaṃ janānaṃ pubbenivāsānussaraṇaṃ kālavibhāgato dassetvā idāni ārammaṇaggahaṇato ānubhāvavisesato, pavattiākārato ca dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘titthiyā cā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Cutipaṭisandhivasenā</span>ti attano, parassa vā tasmiṃ tasmiṃ attabhāve cutiṃ disvā antarā kiñci anāmasitvā paṭisandhiyā eva gahaṇavasena. Vuttamevatthaṃ byatirekato, anvayato ca vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tesañhī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Pakatisāvakā cutipaṭisandhivasenapi saṅkamantīti ayamattho heṭṭhā vuttanayena ‘‘balavapaññattā’’ti hetunā vibhāvetabbo, cutipaṭisandhivasena saṅkamanaṃ vemajjhadassane payojanābhāvato. Ñāṇabaladassanatthaṃ panettha vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Taṃ taṃ pākaṭamevā</span>ti yathā nāma saradasamaye ṭhitamajjhanhikavelāyaṃ caturatanike gehe cakkhumato purisassa rūpagataṃ supākaṭameva hotīti lokasiddhametaṃ, siyā pana tassa sukhumataratirohitādibhedassa rūpagatassa agocaratā. Nattheva buddhānaṃ ñātuṃ icchitassa ñeyyassa agocaratā, atha kho taṃ ñāṇālokena obhāsitaṃ hatthatale āmalakaṃ viya supākaṭaṃ suvibhūtameva <a name="V2.0044"></a> hoti tathā ñeyyāvaraṇassa supahīnattā. <span class="bld">Peyyālapāḷiṃ viya saṅkhipitvā</span>ti yathā peyyālapāḷiṃ paṭhantā ‘‘paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ…pe… pañcamaṃ jhāna’’nti ādipariyosānameva gaṇhantā saṅkhipitvā sajjhāyanti, na anupadaṃ, evaṃ anekāpi kappakoṭiyo saṅkhipitvā. <span class="bld">Yaṃ yaṃ icchantī</span>ti yasmiṃ kappe, yasmiṃ bhave yaṃ <a name="M2.0047"></a> yaṃ jānituṃ icchanti, tattha tattheva ñātuṃ icchite eva ñāṇena <span class="bld">okkamantā. Sīhokkantavasena</span> sīhagatipatanavasena ñāṇagatiyā <span class="bld">gacchanti</span>. Satadhā bhinnassa vāḷassa koṭiyā koṭipaṭipādanavasena <span class="bld">katavālavedhaparicayassa. Sarabhaṅgasadisassā</span>ti sarabhaṅgabodhisattasadisassa (jā. 2.17.50 ādayo). Lakkhaṭṭhānassa appattavasena <span class="bld">na sajjati</span>. Atikkamanapassagamanavasena <span class="bld">na virajjhati</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Khajjupanakappabhāsadisaṃ hutvā upaṭṭhātī</span>ti ñāṇassa ativiya appānubhāvatāya khajjotobhāsasamaṃ hutvā pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇaṃ upaṭṭhāti. Esa nayo sesesupi. <span class="bld">Dīpappabhāsadisa</span>nti pākatikadīpālokasadisaṃ. <span class="bld">Ukkāpabhā</span> mahāummukāloko. <span class="bld">Osadhitārakappabhā</span>ti ussannā pabhā etāya dhīyatīti osadhi, osadhīnaṃ vā anubalappadāyikattā osadhīti evaṃ laddhanāmāya tārakāya pabhā. <span class="bld">Saradasūriyamaṇḍalasadisaṃ</span> savisaye sabbaso andhakāravidhamanato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yaṭṭhikoṭigamanaṃ viya</span> khandhapaṭipāṭiyā amuñcanato. Kunnadīnaṃ atikkamanāya ekeneva rukkhadaṇḍena katasaṅkamo <span class="bld">daṇḍakasetu</span>. Catūhi, pañcahi vā janehi gantuṃ sakkuṇeyyo phalake attharitvā āṇiyo koṭṭetvā katasaṅkamo <span class="bld">jaṅghasetu</span>. Jaṅghasatthassa gamanayoggo saṅkamo jaṅghasetu jaṅghamaggo viya. Sakaṭassa gamanayoggo saṅkamo <span class="bld">sakaṭasetu</span> sakaṭamaggo viya. Mahatā jaṅghasatthena gantabbamaggo <span class="bld">mahājaṅghamaggo</span>. Bahūhi vīsāya vā tiṃsāya vā sakaṭehi ekajjhaṃ gantabbamaggo <span class="bld">mahāsakaṭamaggo</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Imasmiṃ pana adhikāre</span>ti ‘‘cittaṃ paññañca bhāvaya’’nti (saṃ. ni. 1.23, 192; peṭako. 22; mi. pa. 2.1.9) cittasīsena sāvakassa niddiṭṭhasamādhibhāvanādhikāre.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para403"></a><span class="paranum">403</span>. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā sāvakānaṃ pubbenivāsānussaraṇaṃ idhādhippetaṃ, tasmā. <span class="bld">Eva</span>nti yathā te anussaranti, evaṃ anussaritukāmena. Heṭṭhā tīsu jhānesu yathārahaṃ pītisukhehi kāyacittānaṃ <a name="V2.0045"></a> sampīnanāya <span class="bld">‘‘cattāri jhānāni samāpajjitvā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ, aññathā pādakajjhānameva samāpajjitabbaṃ siyā. Yāya nisajjāya nisinnassa anussaraṇārambho, sā idha <span class="bld">sabbapacchimā nisajjā. Tato āsanapaññāpana</span>nti tato nisajjāya purimakaṃ āsanapaññāpanaṃ āvajjitabbanti sambandho. Esa nayo sesesupi<a name="M2.0048"></a>. <span class="bld">Bhojanakālo</span>tiādīsu kālasīsena tasmiṃ tasmiṃ kāle katakiccamāha. <span class="bld">Cetiyaṅgaṇabodhiyaṅgaṇavandanakālo</span>ti cetiyaṅgaṇabodhiyaṅgaṇesu cetiyabodhīnaṃ vandanakālo. <span class="bld">Sakalaṃ rattindiva</span>nti accantasaṃyoge upayogavacanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kiñci</span> kiccaṃ. <span class="bld">Ettakenā</span>ti pādakajjhānasamāpajjanena. Pādakajjhānañhi satthakassa viya nisānasilā satipaññānampi nisitabhāvāvahaṃ. Yaṃ tassa, tā taṃ samāpajjanena paramanepakkappattā honti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘dīpe jalite viya pākaṭaṃ hotī’’</span>ti, andhakāraṭṭhāneti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Purimabhave</span>ti imassa bhavassa anantare purimasmiṃ bhave. <span class="bld">Pavattitanāmarūpa</span>nti attano paccayehi pavattitanāmarūpaṃ. Tañca kho paṭhamaṃ rūpaṃ āvajjitvā nāmaṃ āvajjitabbaṃ. Paṭhamaṃ nāmaṃ āvajjitvā pacchā rūpanti apare. <span class="bld">Pahotī</span>ti sakkoti. <span class="bld">Paṇḍito</span> nāma imissā abhiññābhāvanāya katādhikāro.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Aññaṃ uppanna’’</span>nti idaṃ aññasmā kammabhavā añño upapattibhavo uppannoti katvā vuttaṃ addhāpaccuppannantarabhāvato. Aññathā ekabhavepi aññamaññameva nāmarūpaṃ uppajjati, niruddhañca appaṭisandhikaṃ. Tenevāha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Ye niruddhā marantassa, tiṭṭhamānassa vā idha;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sabbepi sadisā khandhā, gatā appaṭisandhikā’’ti. (mahāni. 39);</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Taṃ ṭhāna</span>nti taṃ nikkhepaṭṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Āhundarika</span>nti samantato, upari ca ghanasañchannaṃ sambādhaṭṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Andhatamamivā</span>ti andhakāratimisā viya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kūṭāgārakaṇṇikatthāyā</span>ti kūṭāgārassa kūṭatthāya. Kūṭāgārassa kaṇṇikā viya pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇaṃ, mahārukkho viya purimabhave cutikkhaṇe pavattanāmarūpaṃ, sākhāpalāsā viya tena sambandhaṃ imasmiṃ bhave paṭisandhicittaṃ, pharasudhārā viya parikammabhāvanā<a name="V2.0046"></a>, kammārasālā viya pādakajjhānanti evaṃ upamāsaṃsandanaṃ veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Kaṭṭhaphālakopamāpi</span> ‘‘yathā nāma balavā puriso odanapacanādiatthaṃ mahantaṃ dāruṃ phālento tassa tacapheggumattaphālane pharasudhārāya vipannāya mahantaṃ dāruṃ phāletuṃ asakkonto dhuranikkhepaṃ akatvā’’tiādinā vuttanayānusārena veditabbā. Tathā <span class="bld">kesohārakūpamā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pubbenivāsañāṇaṃ</span> <a name="M2.0049"></a> <span class="bld">nāma na hoti</span> atītāsu jātīsu nivutthadhammārammaṇattābhāvā. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti pacchimanisajjato pabhuti yāva paṭisandhi pavattaṃ ñāṇaṃ pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇassa parikammabhāvena pavattasamādhinā sampayuttañāṇaṃ <span class="bld">parikammasamādhiñāṇaṃ. Taṃ rūpāvacaraṃ sandhāya na yujjatī</span>ti taṃ tesaṃ vacanaṃ atītaṃsañāṇaṃ ce, rūpāvacaraṃ adhippetaṃ na yujjati parikammasamādhiñāṇassa kāmāvacarabhāvato. Na hi anantaracuticittassa orato pavattikkhandhe ārabbha rūpāvacaraṃ cittaṃ uppajjatīti pāḷiyaṃ, aṭṭhakathāyaṃ vā āgataṃ atthi. Yesaṃ javanānaṃ purimānīti yojanā. Yadā pana appanācittaṃ hoti, tadāssāti sambandho. <span class="bld">Idaṃ pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇaṃ nāmā</span>ti kāmaṃ anantarassa bhavassa cutikkhaṇe pavattitanāmarūpaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā pavattañāṇaṃ dassitaṃ, taṃ pana nidassanamattaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ ñāṇasāmaññassa jotitabhāvato. Yatheva hi tato nāmarūpato pabhuti sabbe atītā khandhā, khandhapaṭibaddhā ca sabbo pubbenivāso, evaṃ tassa paṭivijjhanavasena pavattañāṇaṃ pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tena ñāṇena sampayuttāya satiyā anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussaratī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para404"></a><span class="paranum">404</span>. <span class="bld">Ekampi jāti</span>nti ekampi bhavaṃ. So hi ekakammanibbatto ādānanikkhepaparicchinno antogadhadhammappabhedo khandhappabandho idha jātīti adhippeto. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ekampi…pe… khandhasantāna’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Parihāyamāno</span>ti khīyamāno vinassamāno. <span class="bld">Kappo</span>ti asaṅkhyeyyakappo. So pana atthato kālo, tadā pavattamānasaṅkhāravasenassa parihāni veditabbā. <span class="bld">Vaḍḍhamāno vivaṭṭakappo</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo. Yo pana ‘‘kālaṃ khepetī’’ti, ‘‘kālo ghasati bhūtāni, sabbāneva sahattanā’’ti (jā. 1.2.190) ca ādīsu kālassāpi khayo vuccati, so idha nādhippeto aniṭṭhappasaṅgato. Saṃvaṭṭanaṃ vinassanaṃ saṃvaṭṭo, saṃvaṭṭato uddhaṃ tathā ṭhāyī <span class="bld">saṃvaṭṭaṭṭhāyī. Taṃmūlakattā</span>ti taṃpubbakattā. Vivaṭṭanaṃ nibbattanaṃ, vaḍḍhanaṃ vā <span class="bld">vivaṭṭo</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tejosaṃvaṭṭo āposaṃvaṭṭo vāyosaṃvaṭṭoti evaṃ saṃvaṭṭasīmānukkamena saṃvaṭṭesu vattabbesu tathā <a name="V2.0047"></a> avatvā <span class="bld">‘‘āposaṃvaṭṭo</span> <span class="bld">tejosaṃvaṭṭo</span> <a name="M2.0050"></a> <span class="bld">vāyosaṃvaṭṭo’’</span>ti vacanaṃ saṃvaṭṭakamahābhūtadesanānupubbiyāti keci. Saṃvaṭṭānupubbiyāti apare. Āpena saṃvaṭṭo <span class="bld">āposaṃvaṭṭo. Saṃvaṭṭasīmā</span>ti saṃvaṭṭamariyādā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saṃvaṭṭatī</span>ti vinassati. <span class="bld">Sadā</span>ti sabbakālaṃ, tīsupi saṃvaṭṭakālesūti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Ekaṃ buddhakhetta’’nti idha yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ, taṃ niyametvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘buddhakhettaṃ nāma tividha’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Yattake ṭhāne tathāgatassa paṭisandhiñāṇānubhāvo puññaphalasamuttejito saraseneva pathavī vijambhati, taṃ sabbampi buddhaṅkurassa nibbattanakhettaṃ nāmāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘jātikhettaṃ dasasahassacakkavāḷapariyanta’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Ānubhāvo vattatī</span>ti idha iddhimā cetovasippatto āṇākhettapariyāpanne yattha katthaci cakkavāḷe ṭhatvā attano atthāya parittaṃ katvā tattheva aññaṃ cakkavāḷaṃ gatopi kataparitto eva hoti. Atha vā tattha ekacakkavāḷe ṭhatvā sabbasattānaṃ atthāya paritte kate āṇākhette sabbasattānaṃ abhisambhuṇātveva parittānubhāvo tattha devatāhi parittāṇāya sampaṭicchitabbato. Yaṃ visayakhettaṃ sandhāya ekasmiṃyeva khaṇe sarena abhiviññāpanaṃ, attano rūpadassanañca paṭijānantena bhagavatā ‘‘yāvatā vā pana ākaṅkheyyā’’ti (a. ni. 3.81) vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Yatthā</span>ti yasmiṃ anantāparimāṇe visayakhette. <span class="bld">Yaṃ yaṃ tathāgato ākaṅkhati, taṃ taṃ jānāti</span> ākaṅkhāmattapaṭibaddhavuttitāya buddhañāṇassa. <span class="bld">Saṇṭhahanta</span>nti vivaṭṭamānaṃ jāyamānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para405"></a><span class="paranum">405</span>. <span class="bld">Gokhāyitakamattesū</span>ti gohi khāditabbappamāṇesu. <span class="bld">Ya</span>nti yasmiṃ samaye. Pupphaphalūpajīviniyo ca devatā brahmaloke nibbattantīti sambandho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Etesa</span>nti ‘‘vassūpajīvino’’tiādinā vuttasattānaṃ. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti brahmaloke. So ca kho parittābhādibrahmaloko veditabbo. ‘‘Paṭiladdhajjhānavasenā’’ti vatvā jhānappaṭilābhassa sambhavaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tadā hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Lokaṃ byūhenti sampiṇḍentīti <span class="bld">lokabyūhā</span>. Te kira disvā manussā tattha tattha ṭhitāpi nisinnāpi saṃvegajātā, sambhamappattā <a name="M2.0051"></a> ca hutvā tesaṃ āsanne ṭhāne sannipatanti. Sikhābandhassa muttatāya <span class="bld">muttasirā</span>. Ito cito ca vidhūyamānakesatāya <span class="bld">vikiṇṇakesā</span>. Lokavināsabhayena sokavantacittatāya <span class="bld">ativiya virūpavesadhārino. Mārisā</span>ti devānaṃ <a name="V2.0048"></a> piyasamudācāro. Kathaṃ panete kappavuṭṭhānaṃ jānantīti? Dhammatāya sañcoditāti ācariyā. Tādisanimittadassanenāti eke. Brahmadevatāhi uyyojitāti apare.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mettādīnī</span>ti mettāmanasikārādīni kāmāvacarapuññāni. <span class="bld">Devaloke</span>ti kāmadevaloke. Devānaṃ kira sukhasamphassavātaggahaṇaparicayena vāyokasiṇe jhānāni sukheneva ijjhanti. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vāyokasiṇe parikammaṃ katvā jhānaṃ paṭilabhantī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tadaññe panā</span>ti āpāyike sandhāyāha. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti devaloke.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dutiyo sūriyo</span>ti dutiyaṃ sūriyamaṇḍalaṃ. <span class="bld">Sattasūriya</span>nti sattasūriyapātubhāvasuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Pakatisūriye</span>ti kappavuṭṭhānakālato pubbe uppannasūriyavimāne. Kappavuṭṭhānakāle pana yathā aññe kāmāvacaradevā, evaṃ sūriyadevaputtopi jhānaṃ nibbattetvā brahmalokaṃ upapajjati, sūriyamaṇḍalaṃ pana pabhassaratarañceva tejavantatarañca hutvā pavattati. Taṃ antaradhāyitvā aññameva uppajjatīti apare. Gaṅgā yamunā sarabhū aciravatī mahīti imā <span class="bld">pañca mahānadiyo</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pabhavā</span>ti uppattiṭṭhānabhūtā. <span class="bld">Haṃsapātano</span>ti mandākinimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na saṇṭhātī</span>ti na tiṭṭhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pariyādinnasineha</span>nti parikkhīṇasinehaṃ. Yāya āpodhātuyā tattha tattha pathavīdhātu ābandhattā sampiṇḍatā hutvā tiṭṭhati, sā chasūriyapātubhāvena parikkhayaṃ gacchati. <span class="bld">Yathā cida</span>nti yathā ca idaṃ cakkavāḷaṃ. <span class="bld">Evaṃ koṭisatasahassacakkavāḷānipī</span>ti vipattimahāmeghuppattito paṭṭhāya idha vuttaṃ sabbaṃ kappavuṭṭhānaṃ, taṃ tattha atidisati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Palujjitvā</span>ti chijjitvā. <span class="bld">Saṅkhāragata</span>nti bhūtupādāyappabhedaṃ saṅkhārajātaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbasaṅkhāraparikkhayā</span>ti jhāpetabbasaṅkhāraparikkhayā. Sayampi saṅkhāragataṃ samānaṃ indhanābhāvato chārikampi asesetvā niḍḍahitvā vūpasamatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sappi…pe… nibbāyatī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para406"></a><span class="paranum">406</span>. <span class="bld">Dīghassa</span> <a name="M2.0052"></a> <span class="bld">addhuno</span>ti saṃvaṭṭaṭṭhāyīasaṅkhyeyyakappasaṅkhātassa dīghassa kālassa accayena<a name="V2.0049"></a>. <span class="bld">Tālakkhandhādī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena sākasālādirukkhe saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Ghanaṃ karotī</span>ti visarituṃ adatvā piṇḍitaṃ karoti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘parivaṭuma’’</span>nti, vaṭṭabhāvena paricchinnaṃ. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti udakaṃ. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti vātassa. <span class="bld">Vivaraṃ detī</span>ti yathā ghanaṃ karoti sampiṇḍeti, evaṃ tattha antaraṃ deti. <span class="bld">Parikkhayamāna</span>nti pubbe yāva brahmalokā ekoghabhūtena vātena parisosiyamānatāya parikkhayaṃ gacchantaṃ. Brahmaloko pātubhavatīti yojanā. <span class="bld">Brahmaloko</span>ti ca paṭhamajjhānabhūmimāha. <span class="bld">Upari catukāmāvacaradevalokaṭṭhāne</span>ti yāmadevalokādīnaṃ catunnaṃ patiṭṭhānaṭṭhāne. Cātumahārājikatāvatiṃsabhavanānaṃ pana patiṭṭhānaṭṭhānāni pathavīsambandhatāya na tāva pātubhavanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rundhantī</span>ti yathā heṭṭhā na bhassati, evaṃ nirodhenti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Paṭhamatarābhinibbattā’’</span>ti idaṃ āyukkhayassa sambhavadassanaṃ, tena dvinnaṃ, catunnaṃ, aṭṭhannaṃ vā kappānaṃ ādimhi nibbattāti dasseti. <span class="bld">Tato</span>ti ābhassarabrahmalokato. Parittābhaappamāṇābhāpi hi ābhassaraggahaṇeneva saṅgahaṃ gacchanti. <span class="bld">‘‘Te honti sayaṃpabhā antalikkhacarā’’</span>ti idaṃ upacārajjhānapuññassa mahānubhāvatāya vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Āluppakāraka</span>nti ālopaṃ katvā katvāti vadanti, āluppanaṃ vilopaṃ katvāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Haṭṭhatuṭṭhā</span>ti ativiya haṭṭhā uppilāvitacittā. <span class="bld">Nāmaṃ karontī</span>ti tathā voharanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sinerucakkavāḷahimavantapabbatā</span>ti ettha dīpasamuddāpīti vattabbaṃ. Tathā hi vakkhati ‘‘ninnaninnaṭṭhāne samuddā, samasamaṭṭhāne dīpā’’ti. <span class="bld">Thūpathūpā</span>ti unnatunnatā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Atimaññantī</span>ti atikkamitvā maññanti, hīḷentīti attho. <span class="bld">Teneva nayenā</span>ti ‘‘ekacce vaṇṇavanto hontī’’tiādinā (dī. ni. 3.123) vuttena nayeneva. <span class="bld">Padālatā</span>ti evaṃnāmikā latājāti. Tassā kira pārāsavajāti gaḷocīti vadanti. Akaṭṭhe eva bhūmippadese paccanako <span class="bld">akaṭṭhapāko. Akaṇo</span>ti kuṇḍakarahito.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sumanasaṅkhātajātipupphasadiso <a name="M2.0053"></a> <span class="bld">sumanajātipupphasadiso</span>. Yo yo raso etassāti yaṃyaṃraso, odano, taṃ <span class="bld">yaṃyaṃrasaṃ,</span> yādisarasavantanti attho. Rasapathavī, bhūmipappaṭako, padālatā ca <a name="V2.0050"></a> paribhuttā sudhāhāro viya khuddaṃ vinodetvā rasaharaṇīhi rasameva brūhentā tiṭṭhanti, na vatthuno sukhumabhāvena nissandā, sukhumabhāveneva gahaṇindhanameva ca honti. Odano pana paribhutto rasaṃ vaḍḍhentopi vatthuno oḷārikabhāvena nissandaṃ vissajjento passāvaṃ, kasaṭañca uppādetīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tato pabhuti muttakarīsaṃ sañjāyatī’’</span>ti. Purimattabhāvesu pavattaupacārajjhānānubhāvena yāva sattasantāne kāmarāgavikkhambhanavego na samito, na tāva balavakāmarāgūpanissayāni itthipurisindriyāni pāturahesuṃ. Yadā panassa vicchinnatāya balavakāmarāgo laddhāvasaro ahosi, tadā tadupanissayāni tāni sattānaṃ attabhāvesu sañjāyiṃsu. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘purisassa…pe… pātubhavatī’’</span>ti. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘tatra suda’’</span>ntiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Alasajātikassā</span>ti sajjukameva taṇḍulaṃ aggahetvā paradivasassatthāya gahaṇena alasapakatikassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anutthunantī</span>ti anusocanti. <span class="bld">Sammanneyyāmā</span>ti samanujāneyyāma. <span class="bld">No</span>ti amhesu. <span class="bld">Sammā</span>ti sammadeva yathārahaṃ. <span class="bld">Khīyitabba</span>nti khīyanārahaṃ nindanīyaṃ. <span class="bld">Garahitabba</span>nti hīḷetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ayameva bhagavā paṭibalo paggahaniggahaṃ kātunti yojanā. <span class="bld">Rañjetī</span>ti saṅgahavatthūhi sammadeva rameti pīṇeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vivaṭṭaṭṭhāyīasaṅkhyeyyaṃ</span> catusaṭṭhiantarakappasaṅgahaṃ. Vīsatiantarakappasaṅgahanti keci. Sesāsaṅkhyeyyāni kālato tena samappamāṇāneva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para407"></a><span class="paranum">407</span>. <span class="bld">Mahādhārāhī</span>ti tālasālakkhandhappamāṇāhi mahatīhi khārudakadhārāhi. <span class="bld">Samantato</span>ti sabbaso. <span class="bld">Pathavito</span>ti pathaviyā heṭṭhimantato pabhuti. Tena hi khārudakena phuṭṭhaphuṭṭhā pathavīpabbatādayo udake <a name="M2.0054"></a> pakkhittaloṇasakkharā viya vilīyanteva, tasmā pathavīsandhārudakena saddhiṃ ekūdakameva taṃ hotīti keci. Apare ‘‘pathavīsandhārakaṃ udakakkhandhañca udakasandhārakaṃ vāyukkhandhañca anavasesato vināsetvā sabbattha sayameva ekoghabhūtaṃ tiṭṭhatī’’ti vadanti, taṃ yuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Tayopi brahmaloke</span>ti parittābhaappamāṇābhaābhassarabrahmaloke, tayidaṃ ‘‘ayaṃ pana viseso’’ti āraddhattā vuttaṃ, aññathā ‘‘chapi brahmaloke’’ti vattabbaṃ siyā. <span class="bld">Subhakiṇhe</span>ti ukkaṭṭhaniddesena <a name="V2.0051"></a> tatiyajjhānabhūmiyā upalakkhaṇaṃ. Parittāsubhaappamāṇāsubhepi hi āhacca udakaṃ tiṭṭhati. Heṭṭhā ‘‘ābhassare āhacca tiṭṭhatī’’ti etthāpi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti taṃ kappavināsakaudakaṃ. <span class="bld">Udakānugata</span>nti udakena anugataṃ phuṭṭhaṃ. <span class="bld">Abhibhavitvā</span>ti vilīyāpetvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Idamekaṃ asaṅkhyeyya</span>nti idaṃ saṃvaṭṭasaṅkhātaṃ kappassa ekaṃ asaṅkhyeyyaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para408"></a><span class="paranum">408</span>. Thūlaraje apagate eva pathavīnissitaṃ saṇharajaṃ apagacchatīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tato saṇharaja’’</span>nti. Samuṭṭhāpetīti sambandho. <span class="bld">‘‘Visamaṭṭhāne ṭhitamahārukkhe’’</span>ti idaṃ paṭhamaṃ samuṭṭhāpetabbataṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cakkavāḷapabbatampi sinerupabbatampī</span>ti mahāpathaviyā viparivattaneneva viparivattitaṃ cakkavāḷapabbatampi sinerupabbatampi vāto ukkhipitvā ākāse khipati. <span class="bld">Te</span> cakkavāḷapabbatādayo. <span class="bld">Abhihantvā</span>ti ghaṭṭetvā. <span class="bld">Aññamañña</span>nti ekissā lokadhātuyā cakkavāḷahimavantasineruṃ aññissā lokadhātuyā cakkavāḷādīhīti evaṃ aññamaññaṃ samāgamavasena ghaṭṭetvā. <span class="bld">Sabbasaṅkhāragata</span>nti pathavīsandhārakaudakaṃ, taṃsandhārakavātanti sabbaṃ saṅkhāragataṃ vināsetvā sayampi vinassati avaṭṭhānassa kāraṇābhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para409"></a><span class="paranum">409</span>. Yadipi saṅkhārānaṃ ahetuko sarasanirodho vināsakābhāvato, santānanirodho pana hetuvirahito natthi yathā taṃ sattakāyesūti. Bhājanalokassāpi sahetukena vināsena bhavitabbanti hetuṃ pucchati <span class="bld">‘‘kiṃ kāraṇā evaṃ loko vinassatī’’</span>ti. Itaro yathā tattha nibbattanakasattānaṃ puññabalena paṭhamaṃ loko vivaṭṭati, evaṃ tesaṃ pāpabalena saṃvaṭṭatīti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘akusalamūlakāraṇā’’</span>ti āha. Yathā hi rāgadosamohānaṃ adhikabhāvena yathākkamaṃ rogantarakappo, satthantarakappo, dubbhikkhantarakappoti ime tividhā <a name="M2.0055"></a> antarakappā vivaṭṭaṭṭhāyimhi asaṅkhyeyyakappe jāyanti, evamete yathāvuttā tayo saṃvaṭṭā rāgādīnaṃ adhikabhāveneva hontīti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘akusalamūlesu hī’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Ussannatare</span>ti ativiya ussanne. Dose ussannatare adhikataradosena viya tikkhatarena khārudakena vināso yuttoti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘dose ussannatare udakena vinassatī’’</span>ti. Pākaṭasattusadisassa dosassa aggisadisatā, apākaṭasattusadisassa rāgassa khārudakasadisatā ca yuttāti adhippāyena <span class="bld">‘‘dose ussannatare agginā, rāge ussannatare udakenā’’</span>ti <a name="V2.0052"></a> kecivādassa adhippāyo veditabbo. Rāgo sattānaṃ bahulaṃ pavattatīti rāgavasena bahuso lokavināso.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para410"></a><span class="paranum">410</span>. Evaṃ pasaṅgena saṃvaṭṭādike pakāsetvā idāni yathādhikataṃ nesaṃ anussaraṇākāraṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pubbenivāsaṃ anussarantopī’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Amumhi saṃvaṭṭakappe’’</span>ti idaṃ saṃvaṭṭakappassa ādito <span class="bld">pāḷiyaṃ</span> (dī. ni. 1.244) gahitattā vuttaṃ. Tatthāpi hi imassa katipayaṃ kālaṃ bhavādīsu saṃsaraṇaṃ upalabbhatīti. Saṃvaṭṭakappe vā vaṭṭamānesu bhavādīsu imassa upapatti ahosi, taṃdassanametaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Atha vā <span class="bld">amumhi saṃvaṭṭakappe</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">vā</span>-saddo luttaniddiṭṭho daṭṭhabbo, tena ca aniyamatthena itarāsaṅkhyeyyānampi saṅgaho siddho hoti. <span class="bld">Bhave vā</span>tiādīsu kāmādibhave vā aṇḍajādi<span class="bld">yoniyā vā</span> devādi <span class="bld">gatiyā vā</span> nānattakāyanānattasaññīādi<span class="bld">viññāṇaṭṭhitiyā vā sattāvāse vā</span> khattiyādi <span class="bld">sattanikāye vā. Āsi</span>nti ahosiṃ. <span class="bld">Vaṇṇasampattiṃ vā</span>ti <span class="bld">vā</span>-saddena vaṇṇavipattiṃ vāti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sālimaṃsodanāhāro vā</span> gihikāle. <span class="bld">Pavattaphalabhojano vā</span> tāpasādikāle. <span class="bld">Sāmisā</span> gehassitā somanassādayo. <span class="bld">Nirāmisā</span> nekkhammassitā. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena vivekajasamādhijasukhādīnaṃ saṅgaho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Amutrāsi’’ntiādinā sabbaṃ yāvadicchakaṃ anussaraṇaṃ dassetvā idāni aññathā atthaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘apicā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">amutrāsi</span>nti sāmaññaniddesoyaṃ, byāpanicchālopo vā, amutra amutrāsinti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Anupubbena ārohantassa yāvadicchakaṃ anussaraṇa</span>nti ettha <a name="M2.0056"></a> <span class="bld">ārohantassā</span>ti paṭilomato ñāṇena pubbenivāsaṃ ārohantassa. <span class="bld">Paccavekkhaṇa</span>nti anussaritānussaritassa paccavekkhaṇaṃ, na anussaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Itī</span>ti vuttatthanidassanaṃ. Tañca kho yathārahato, na yathānupubbatoti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘nāmagottavasenā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Vaṇṇādīhī</span>ti vaṇṇāhāravedayitāyuparicchedehi. <span class="bld">Odātotī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">iti</span>-saddo ādiattho, pakārattho vā, tena evamādi evaṃpakāra<span class="bld">nānattato</span>ti dassitaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="centered">Pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇakathāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Cutūpapātañāṇakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para411"></a><span class="paranum">411</span>. <span class="bld">Cutiyā</span>ti <a name="V2.0053"></a> cavane. <span class="bld">Upapāte</span>ti upapajjane. Samīpatthe cetaṃ bhummavacanaṃ, cutikkhaṇasāmantā, upapattikkhaṇasāmantā cāti vuttaṃ hoti. Tathā hi vakkhati ‘‘ye pana āsannacutikā’’tiādi (visuddhi. 2.411). Dibbacakkhuñāṇeneva sattānaṃ cuti ca upapatti ca ñāyatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘dibbacakkhuñāṇatthanti vuttaṃ hotī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Dibbasadisattā</span>tiādīsu yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ heṭṭhā vuttameva. Ayaṃ pana viseso – tattha ‘‘sotadhātū’’ti padaṃ apekkhitvā itthiliṅgavasena vuttaṃ, idha napuṃsakaliṅgavasena vattabbaṃ. Tattha ca ālokapariggahena payojanaṃ natthi, idha atthīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ālokapariggahena mahājutikattāpi dibba’’</span>nti, kasiṇālokānuggahena pattabbattā, sayaṃ ñāṇālokapharaṇabhāvena ca mahājutikabhāvatoti attho. Mahājutikampi hi ‘‘dibba’’nti vuccati ‘‘dibbamidaṃ byamha’’ntiādīsu. <span class="bld">Mahāgatikattā</span>ti mahanīyagamanattā, vimhayanīyapavattikattāti attho. Vimhayanīyā hissa pavatti tirokuṭṭādigatarūpadassanato. ‘‘Dibbasadisattā’’ti ca hīnūpamādassanaṃ devatānaṃ dibbacakkhutopi imassa mahānubhāvattā. Tena dibbacakkhulābhāya yogino parikammakaraṇaṃ tappaṭipakkhābhibhavassa atthato tassa vijayicchā nāma hoti, dibbacakkhulābhī ca iddhimā devatānaṃ vacanaggahaṇakkhamanadhammadānavasena mahāmoggallānattherādayo viya dānaggahaṇalakkhaṇe, vohāre ca pavatteyyāti evaṃ vihāravijayicchāvohārajutigatisaṅkhātānaṃ atthānaṃ vasena imassa abhiññāñāṇassa dibbacakkhubhāvasiddhito<a name="M2.0057"></a>. Saddavidū ca tesu eva atthesu divu-saddaṃ icchantīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘taṃ sabbaṃ saddasatthānusārena veditabba’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dassanaṭṭhenā</span>ti rūpadassanabhāvena. Cakkhunā hi sattā rūpaṃ passanti. Yathā maṃsacakkhu viññāṇādhiṭṭhitaṃ samavisamaṃ ācikkhantaṃ viya pavattati, na tathā idaṃ. Idaṃ pana sayameva tato sātisayaṃ cakkhukiccakārīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘cakkhukiccakaraṇena cakkhumivātipi cakkhū’’</span>ti. ‘‘Diṭṭhivisuddhihetuttā’’ti saṅkhepato vuttamatthaṃ vivarituṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yo hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ucchedadiṭṭhiṃ gaṇhāti</span> parato upapattiyā adassanato etthevāyaṃ satto ucchinno, evamitarepīti. <span class="bld">Navasattapātubhāvadiṭṭhiṃ gaṇhāti</span> lābhī adhiccasamuppattiko viya. <span class="bld">Buddhaputtā passantiyevā</span>ti uttarapadāvadhāraṇaṃ, na purimapadāvadhāraṇaṃ. Evaṃ hi <span class="bld">jayaddisajātakā</span>dīhi avirodho siddho hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Manussānaṃ <a name="V2.0054"></a> idanti mānusakaṃ, manussānaṃ gocarabhūtaṃ rūpārammaṇaṃ. Tadaññassa pana dibbatirohitātisukhumādibhedassa rūpassa dassanato <span class="bld">atikkantamānusakaṃ</span>. Evarūpañca manussūpacāraṃ atikkantaṃ nāma hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘manussūpacāraṃ atikkamitvā rūpadassanenā’’</span>ti. Evaṃ visayamukhena dassetvā idāni visayīmukhena dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘mānusakaṃ vā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tatthāpi maṃsacakkhātikkamo tassa kiccātikkameneva daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dibbacakkhunā</span>ti dibbacakkhuñāṇenapi. <span class="bld">Daṭṭhuṃ na sakkā</span> khaṇassa atiittaratāya atisukhumatāya kesañci rūpassa. Apica dibbacakkhussa paccuppannaṃ rūpārammaṇaṃ, tañca purejātapaccayabhūtaṃ, na ca āvajjanaparikammehi vinā mahaggatassa pavatti atthi, nāpi uppajjamānameva rūpaṃ ārammaṇapaccayo bhavituṃ sakkoti, bhijjamānaṃ vā. Tasmā ‘‘cutūpapātakkhaṇe rūpaṃ dibbacakkhunā daṭṭhuṃ na sakkā’’ti suvuttametaṃ. Yadi dibbacakkhuñāṇaṃ rūpārammaṇameva, atha kasmā ‘‘satte passatī’’ti vuttanti? Yebhuyyena sattasantānagatarūpadassanato evaṃ vuttaṃ. Sattagahaṇassa vā kāraṇabhāvato vohāravasena vuttantipi keci. Te cavamānāti adhippetāti sambandho. <span class="bld">Evarūpe</span>ti na cutūpapātakkhaṇasamaṅginoti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Mohūpanissayaṃ nāma kammaṃ nihīnaṃ nihīnaphalaṃ hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘mohanissandayuttattā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tabbiparīte</span>ti tassa hīḷitādibhāvassa viparīte<a name="M2.0058"></a>, ahīḷite anohīḷite anoññāte anavaññāte cittīkateti attho. <span class="bld">Suvaṇṇe</span>ti sundaravaṇṇe. <span class="bld">Dubbaṇṇe</span>ti asundaravaṇṇe. Sā panāyaṃ suvaṇṇadubbaṇṇatā yathākkamaṃ kammassa adosadosūpanissayatāya hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘adosanissandayuttattā’’</span>tiādi. Sundaraṃ gatiṃ gatā sugatāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sugatigate’’</span>ti, sugatiṃ upapanneti attho. Alobhajjhāsayā sattā vadaññū vigatamaccherā alobhūpanissayena kammunā subhagā samiddhā hontīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘alobhanissandayuttattā vā aḍḍhe mahaddhane’’</span>ti. Dukkhaṃ gatiṃ gatā duggatāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘duggatigate’’</span>ti. Lobhajjhāsayā sattā luddhā maccharino lobhūpanissayena kammunā duggatā durupetā hontīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘lobhanissandayuttattā vā dalidde appannapāne’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upacita</span>nti phalāvahabhāvena kataṃ. Yathā kataṃ hi kammaṃ phaladānasamatthaṃ hoti, tathā kataṃ upacitaṃ. <span class="bld">Cavamānetiādīhi dibbacakkhukiccaṃ vutta</span>nti visayamukhena visayībyāpāramāha. <span class="bld">Purimehī</span>ti vā ‘‘dibbena cakkhunā’’tiādīni padāni sandhāya vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ādīhī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">ca</span>-saddo luttaniddiṭṭho<a name="V2.0055"></a>. Tasmā ‘‘dibbena…pe… passatī’’ti imehi, ‘‘cavamāne’’tiādīhi ca dibbacakkhukiccaṃ vuttanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Iminā pana padenā</span>ti ‘‘yathākammūpage satte pajānātī’’ti iminā vākyena. <span class="bld">Idha bhikkhū</span>ti imasmiṃ sāsane bhikkhu, dibbacakkhuñāṇalābhīti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">So</span> ca dibbacakkhuñāṇalābhī nerayike ca satte paccakkhato disvā ṭhito. <span class="bld">Evaṃ manasi karotī</span>ti tesaṃ nerayikānaṃ nirayasaṃvattaniyassa kammassa ñātukāmatāvasena pādakajjhānaṃ samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhāya parikammavasena manasi karoti. <span class="bld">Kiṃ nu kho</span>tiādi manasikāravidhidassanaṃ. Evaṃ pana parikammaṃ katvā pādakajjhānaṃ samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhitassa taṃ kammaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā āvajjanaṃ uppajjati, tasmiṃ niruddhe cattāri, pañca vā javanāni javantītiādi sabbaṃ vuttanayameva. <span class="bld">‘‘Visuṃ parikammaṃ nāma natthī’’</span>ti idaṃ pana dibbacakkhuñāṇena vinā yathākammūpagañāṇassa visuṃ parikammaṃ natthīti adhippāyena vuttaṃ. Evañcetaṃ icchitabbaṃ, aññathā yathākammūpagañāṇassa mahaggatabhāvo eva na siyā. Devānaṃ dassanepi eseva nayo. Nerayikadevaggahaṇaṃ cettha nidassanamattaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Ākaṅkhamāno hi dibbacakkhulābhī <a name="M2.0059"></a> aññagatikesupi evaṃ paṭipajjatiyeva. Tathā hi vakkhati ‘‘apāyaggahaṇena tiracchānayoniṃ dīpetī’’ti (visuddhi. 2.411), ‘‘sugatiggahaṇena manussagatipi saṅgayhatī’’ti (visuddhi. 2.411) ca. Taṃ nirayasaṃvattaniyaṃ kammaṃ ārammaṇaṃ etassāti <span class="bld">taṃkammārammaṇaṃ. Phārusakavanādīsū</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena cittalatāvanādīnaṃ saṅgaho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yathā cimassā</span>ti yathā ca imassa yathākammūpagañāṇassa visuṃ parikammaṃ natthi, evaṃ anāgataṃsañāṇassapīti visuṃ parikammābhāvaṃ nidasseti. Tattha kāraṇamāha <span class="bld">‘‘dibbacakkhupādakāneva hi imānī’’</span>ti. Tatrāyamadhippāyo – yathā dibbacakkhulābhī nirayādiabhimukhaṃ ālokaṃ vaḍḍhetvā, nerayikādike satte disvā tehi pubbe āyūhitaṃ nirayasaṃvattaniyādikaṃ kammaṃ tādisena samādānena, tajjena ca manasikārena parikkhate citte yāthāvato jānāti, evaṃ yassa yassa sattassa samanantarā anāgataṃ attabhāvaṃ ñātukāmo taṃ taṃ odissa ālokaṃ vaḍḍhetvā tena tena atīte, etarahi vā āyūhitaṃ tassa nibbattakaṃ kammaṃ yathākammūpagañāṇena disvā tena nibbattetabbaṃ anāgataṃ attabhāvaṃ ñātukāmo tādisena samādānena, tajjena ca manasikārena parikkhate citte yāthāvato jānāti. Eseva nayo tato paresupi <a name="V2.0056"></a> attabhāvesu. Etaṃ <span class="bld">anāgataṃsañāṇaṃ</span> nāma. Yasmā etaṃ dvayaṃ dibbacakkhuñāṇe satiyeva sijjhati, nāsati. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘imāni dibbacakkhunā saheva ijjhantī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāyena duṭṭhu caritaṃ, kāyato vā uppannaṃ kilesapūtikattā duṭṭhaṃ caritaṃ kāyaduccaritanti evaṃ yojetabbo. <span class="bld">Kāyo</span>ti cettha copanakāyo adhippeto. Kāyaviññattivasena pavattaṃ akusalaṃ kāyakammaṃ <span class="bld">kāyaduccarita</span>nti. <span class="bld">Itaresū</span>ti vacīmanoduccaritesu. Yasmiṃ santāne kammaṃ katūpacitaṃ, asatissa antarupacchede vipākārahabhāvassa avigacchanato so tena sahitoyevāti vattabboti āha <span class="bld">‘‘samannāgatāti samaṅgībhūtā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">‘‘Anatthakāmā hutvā’’</span>ti etena mātāpitaro viya puttānaṃ, ācariyupajjhāyā viya ca nissitakānaṃ atthakāmā hutvā garahakā upavādakā na hontīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Guṇaparidhaṃsanenā</span>ti vijjamānānaṃ guṇānaṃ viddhaṃsanena, vināsanenāti attho. Nanu ca <a name="M2.0060"></a> antimavatthunāpi upavādo guṇaparidhaṃsanamevāti? Saccametaṃ. Guṇāti panettha jhānādivisesā uttarimanussadhammā adhippetāti sīlaparidhaṃsanaṃ visuṃ gahitaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘natthi imesaṃ samaṇadhammo’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Samaṇadhammo</span>ti ca sīlasaṃyamaṃ sandhāya vadati. <span class="bld">Jānaṃ vā</span>ti yaṃ upavadati, tassa ariyabhāvaṃ jānanto vā. <span class="bld">Ajānaṃ vā</span>ti ajānanto vā. Jānanaṃ ajānanaṃ cettha appamāṇaṃ, ariyabhāvo eva pamāṇaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ubhayathāpi ariyūpavādova hotī’’</span>ti. ‘‘Ariyo’’ti pana ajānato aduṭṭhacittasseva tattha ariyaguṇābhāvaṃ pavedentassa guṇaparidhaṃsanaṃ na hotīti tassa ariyūpavādo natthīti vadanti. <span class="bld">Satekicchaṃ pana hoti</span> khamāpanena, na anantariyaṃ viya atekicchaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rujjhatī</span>ti tudati, dukkhaṃ vedanaṃ uppādetīti attho. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti taṃ theraṃ, <span class="bld">taṃ</span> vā kiriyaṃ. Jānanto eva thero ‘‘atthi te, āvuso, patiṭṭhā’’ti pucchi. Itaropi saccābhisamayo sāsane patiṭṭhāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sotāpanno aha’’</span>nti. Thero taṃ karuṇāyamāno <span class="bld">‘‘khīṇāsavo tayā upavadito’’</span>ti attānaṃ āvikāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sace navakatarā honti</span> tasmiṃ vihāre bhikkhū. <span class="bld">Sammukhā akhamāpentepī</span>ti purato khamāpane asambhavantepi. ‘‘Akhamante’’ti vā pāṭho. Taṃ sotāpannassa vasena veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Parinibbutamañcaṭṭhāna</span>nti pūjākaraṇaṭṭhānaṃ sandhāyāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Samādātabbaṭṭhena <a name="V2.0057"></a> samādānāni, kammāni samādānāni yesaṃ, te kammasamādānā, micchādiṭṭhivasena kammasamādānā, hetuatthaṃ vā antogadhaṃ katvā micchādiṭṭhivasena pare kammesu samādāpakā <span class="bld">micchādiṭṭhikammasamādānā</span>. Tayimamatthaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘micchādiṭṭhivasenā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Sīlasampanno</span>tiādi paripakkindriyassa maggasamaṅgino vasena vuttaṃ. Aggamaggaṭṭhe pana vattabbameva natthi. <span class="bld">Añña</span>nti arahattaṃ. <span class="bld">Evaṃsampada</span>nti yathā taṃ avassambhāvī, evamidampīti attho. <span class="bld">Taṃ vācaṃ appahāyā</span>tiādīsu ariyūpavādaṃ sandhāya ‘‘puna evarūpiṃ vācaṃ na vakkhāmī’’ti vadanto vācaṃ pajahati nāma, ‘‘puna evarūpaṃ cittaṃ na uppādessāmī’’ti cintento cittaṃ pajahati nāma, ‘‘puna evarūpiṃ diṭṭhiṃ na gaṇhissāmī’’ti pajahanto diṭṭhiṃ pajahati nāma, tathā akaronto neva pajahati, na paṭinissajjati. <span class="bld">Yathābhataṃ</span> <a name="M2.0061"></a> <span class="bld">nikkhitto, evaṃ niraye</span>ti yathā nirayapālehi āharitvā niraye ṭhapito, evaṃ niraye ṭhapitoyevāti attho. Micchādiṭṭhivasena akattabbaṃ nāma pāpaṃ natthi, yato saṃsārakhāṇubhāvopi nāma hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘micchādiṭṭhiparamāni, bhikkhave, vajjānī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Ucchinnabhavanettiko, bhikkhave, tathāgatassa kāyo tiṭṭhati, ayañceva kāyo, bahiddhā ca nāmarūpa’’nti (dī. ni. 1.147) evamādīsu viya idha kāya-saddo khandhapañcakavisayoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kāyassa bhedāti upādinnakkhandhapariccāgā’’</span>ti. Avītarāgassa maraṇato paraṃ nāma bhavantarūpādānamevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘paraṃ maraṇāti tadanantaraṃ abhinibbattikkhandhaggahaṇe’’</span>ti. Yena tiṭṭhati, tassa upacchedeneva kāyo bhijjatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kāyassa bhedāti jīvitindriyassa upacchedā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Eti imasmā sukhanti ayo, puññanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘puññasammatā ayā’’</span>ti. Ayanti etasmā sukhānīti āyo, puññakammādisukhasādhanaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sukhānaṃ vā āyassa abhāvā’’</span>ti. Iyati assādiyatīti ayo, assādoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘assādasaññito ayo’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nāgarājādīna</span>nti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena supaṇṇādīnaṃ saṅgaho. <span class="bld">Asurasadisa</span>nti petāsurasadisaṃ. <span class="bld">So</span>ti asurakāyo. <span class="bld">Sabbasamussayehī</span>ti sabbehi sampattisamussayehi. <span class="bld">Vuttavipariyāyenā</span>ti ‘‘suṭṭhu caritaṃ, sobhanaṃ vā caritaṃ anavajjattā’’tiādinā ‘‘kāyaduccaritenā’’tiādīnaṃ padānaṃ vuttassa atthassa vipariyāyena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nigamanavacanaṃ</span> <a name="V2.0058"></a> vuttassevatthassa puna vacananti katvā. <span class="bld">Ayamettha saṅkhepattho</span>ti ‘‘dibbena cakkhunā…pe… passatī’’ti ettha ayaṃ yathāvutto saṅkhepattho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para412"></a><span class="paranum">412</span>. <span class="bld">Kasiṇārammaṇa</span>nti aṭṭhannampi kasiṇānaṃ vasena kasiṇārammaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbākārenā</span>ti ‘‘cuddasavidhena cittaparidamanena aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgamena bhūmipādapadamūlasampādanenā’’ti iminā sabbappakārena. <span class="bld">Abhinīhārakkhamaṃ</span> dibbacakkhuñāṇābhimukhaṃ pesanārahaṃ pesanayoggaṃ <span class="bld">katvā. Āsannaṃ kātabba</span>nti dibbacakkhuñāṇuppattiyā samīpabhūtaṃ kātabbaṃ. Tattha upacārajjhānaṃ paguṇataraṃ katvā ārammaṇañca vaḍḍhetabbaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘upacārajjhānagocaraṃ katvā</span> <a name="M2.0062"></a> <span class="bld">vaḍḍhetvā ṭhapetabba’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti tasmiṃ vaḍḍhite kasiṇārammaṇe. <span class="bld">Appanā</span>ti jhānavasena appanā. Na hi akataparikammassa abhiññāvasena appanā ijjhati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘pādakajjhānanissayaṃ hotī’’</span>ti, pādakajjhānārammaṇaṃ hotīti attho. <span class="bld">Na parikammanissaya</span>nti parikammassa taṃ kasiṇārammaṇaṃ apassayo na hoti. Tathā sati rūpadassanaṃ na siyā. <span class="bld">Imesū</span>ti yathāvuttesu tejokasiṇādīsu tīsu kasiṇesu. <span class="bld">Uppādetvā</span>ti upacārajjhānuppādanena uppādetvā. Upacārajjhānapavattiyā hi saddhiṃ paṭibhāganimittuppatti. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti kasiṇaniddese.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Antoyeva rūpagataṃ passitabbaṃ</span> na bahiddhā vikkhepāpattihetubhāvato. <span class="bld">Parikammassa vāro atikkamatī</span>ti idha parikammaṃ nāma yathāvuttakasiṇārammaṇaṃ upacārajjhānaṃ, taṃ rūpagataṃ passato na pavattati. Kasiṇālokavasena ca rūpagatadassanaṃ, kasiṇāloko ca parikammavasenāti tadubhayampi parikammassa appavattiyā na hoti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tato āloko antaradhāyati, tasmiṃ antarahite rūpagatampi na dissatī’’</span>ti. Rūpagataṃ passato parikammassa vāro atikkamati, parikammamatikkantassa kasiṇārammaṇaṃ ñāṇaṃ na hotīti rūpagataṃ na dissati, kathaṃ pana paṭipajjitabbanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘athānenā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Evaṃ anukkamenā</span>ti punappunaṃ pādakajjhānaṃ samāpajjitvā tato tato vuṭṭhāya abhiṇhaṃ ālokassa pharaṇavasena āloko thāmagato hoti ciraṭṭhāyī. Tathā ca sati tattha sucirampi rūpagataṃ passateva. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ettha āloko…pe… hotī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Svāyamattho tiṇukkūpamāya vibhāvetabboti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘rattiṃ tiṇukkāyā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">punappunaṃ pavesana</span>nti punappunaṃ pādakajjhānasamāpajjanaṃ. <span class="bld">Thāmagatālokassa</span> <a name="V2.0059"></a> <span class="bld">yathāparicchedena ṭhāna</span>nti yattakaṃ ṭhānaṃ paricchinditvā kasiṇaṃ vaḍḍhitaṃ, thāmagatassa ālokassa tattakaṃ pharitvā avaṭṭhānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anāpāthagata</span>nti āpāthagamanayogyassa vasena vuttaṃ. Antokucchigatādi pana tadabhāvato tena visesitabbameva. <span class="bld">Tadevā</span>ti dibbacakkhumeva<a name="M2.0063"></a>. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti etesu rūpamārabbha pavattacittesu. <span class="bld">Rūpadassanasamattha</span>nti rūpaṃ sabhāvato vibhāvanasamatthaṃ cakkhuviññāṇaṃ viya. <span class="bld">Pubbabhāgacittānī</span>ti āvajjanaparikammasaṅkhātāni pubbabhāgacittāni. Tāni hi ārammaṇaṃ karontānipi na yāthāvato taṃ vibhāvetvā pavattanti āvajjanasampaṭicchanacittāni viya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Taṃ panetaṃ</span> dibbacakkhu. <span class="bld">Paripantho</span>ti antarāyiko. <span class="bld">Jhānavibbhantako</span>ti jhānummattako jhānabhāvanāmukhena ummādappatto. <span class="bld">Appamattena bhavitabba</span>nti ‘‘dibbacakkhu mayā adhigata’’nti santosaṃ anāpajjitvā vipassanānuyogavasena vā saccābhisamayavasena vā appamattena bhavitabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Evaṃ passitukāmenā’’tiādinā dibbacakkhussa nānāvajjanaparikammañceva dibbacakkhuñāṇañca dassitaṃ, na tassa uppattikkamoti taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tatrāya’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Taṃ heṭṭhā vuttanayattā suviññeyyameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Cutūpapātañāṇakathāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Pakiṇṇakakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para413"></a><span class="paranum">413</span>. <span class="bld">Itī</span>ti evaṃ vuttappakārenāti attho. Tena ‘‘so evaṃ samāhite citte’’tiādinā (dī. ni. 1.244-245; ma. ni. 1.384, 431-433; pārā. 12-14) yathādassitapāḷigatiṃ, tassā atthavivaraṇanayañca paccāmasati. Saccesu viya ariyasaccāni khandhesu upādānakkhandhā antogadhā. Tadubhaye ca sabhāvato, samudayato, atthaṅgamato, assādato, ādīnavato, nissaraṇato ca yathābhūtaṃ sayambhuñāṇena avedi aññāsi <a name="V2.0060"></a> paṭivijjhi pavedesi vāti sātisayena pañcakkhandhāvabodhena bhagavāva thometabboti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pañcakkhandhavidū’’</span>ti. Ñatvā viññeyyāti sambandho. <span class="bld">Tāsū</span>ti pañcasu abhiññāsu. Taggahaṇeneva ca paribhaṇḍañāṇānaṃ gahitattā ‘‘pañcā’’ti vuttaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘etāsu hī’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">paribhaṇḍañāṇānī</span>ti parivārañāṇāni. Yathā hi sinerussa parivāraṭṭhānāni yāni taṃsiddhiyā siddhāni mekhalaṭṭhānāni paribhaṇḍānīti vuccanti, evaṃ imānipi dibbacakkhusiddhiyā siddhāni tassa paribhaṇḍānīti vuttāni. <span class="bld">Idhāgatānī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">idhā</span>ti yathādassitāni suttapadāni sandhāya vuttaṃ. Tato <a name="M2.0064"></a> aññesu pana sāmaññaphalādīsu manomayañāṇampi visuṃ abhiññāñāṇabhāvena āgataṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Tesū’’</span>ti idaṃ paccāmasanaṃ kiṃ tikānaṃ, udāhu ārammaṇānanti? Kiñcettha yadi tikānaṃ, tadayuttaṃ. Na hi tikesu abhiññāñāṇāni pavattanti. Atha ārammaṇānaṃ, tampi ayuttaṃ. Na hi aññaṃ uddisitvā aññassa paccāmasanaṃ yuttanti. Yathā icchati, tathā bhavatu tāva tikānaṃ, nanu vuttaṃ ‘‘na hi tikesu abhiññāñāṇāni pavattantī’’ti? Nāyaṃ virodho tikavohārena ārammaṇānaṃyeva gayhamānattā. Atha vā pana hotu ārammaṇānaṃ, nanu vuttaṃ ‘‘na hi aññaṃ uddisitvā aññassa paccāmasanaṃ yutta’’nti? Ayampi na doso yathāvuttakāraṇenevāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para414"></a><span class="paranum">414</span>. Asatipi vatthubhede bhūmikālasantānabhedavasena bhinnesu <span class="bld">sattasu ārammaṇesu</span>. Tikavasena hesa bhedo gahito. Iddhividhañāṇassa maggārammaṇatāya abhāvato idha maggārammaṇatiko na labbhati. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti iddhividhañāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Kāyaṃ cittasannissitaṃ katvā</span>tiādīsu yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ heṭṭhā vuttameva. <span class="bld">Upayogaladdha</span>nti laddhaupayogavacanaṃ. Dutiyāvibhattivasena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kāyaṃ pariṇāmetī’’</span>ti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘rūpakāyārammaṇato’’</span>ti, rūpakāyassa vaṇṇārammaṇatoti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tadeva citta</span>nti yadeva kāyavasena cittapariṇāmane vuttaṃ pādakajjhānacittaṃ, tadeva. Rāmagāme cetiyaṃ ṭhapetvā sesesu sattasu cetiyesu dhātuyo iddhiyā āharitvā rājagahe bhūmigharamaṇḍape kataṃ <span class="bld">mahādhātunidhānaṃ. ‘‘Ime gandhā’’</span>tiādinā paccuppanne gandhādike gahetvāpi asussanādivisesayuttaṃ <a name="V2.0061"></a> anāgatameva nesaṃ rūpaṃ adhiṭṭhānacittassa ārammaṇaṃ hoti anāgatādhiṭṭhānattā. <span class="bld">Vattaniyasenāsanaṃ</span> nāma viñjhāṭaviyaṃ vihāro. <span class="bld">Dadhirasa</span>nti dadhimaṇḍo, taṃ adhiṭṭhahantassa anāgataṃ dadhivaṇṇaṃ ārammaṇaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Paccuppannārammaṇaṃ hoti</span> paccuppannassa rūpakāyassa ārammaṇakaraṇato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sakāyacittāna</span>nti attano kāyassa, cittassa ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para415"></a><span class="paranum">415</span>. <span class="bld">Saddo ca paritto</span> sabbassa rūpassa kāmāvacarabhāvato. <span class="bld">Vijjamānamevā</span>ti vattamānaṃyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para416"></a><span class="paranum">416</span>. <span class="bld">Sotāpannassa</span> <a name="M2.0065"></a> <span class="bld">citta</span>nti sotāpannassa āveṇikaṃ cittaṃ. <span class="bld">Sakadāgāmissā</span>tiādīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Yāva arahato netabba</span>nti ‘‘sakadāgāmī anāgāmino cittaṃ na jānāti, anāgāmī arahato’’ti evaṃ netabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbesa</span>nti sabbesaṃ ariyānaṃ jānāti, ko pana vādo anariyānaṃ. Aññopi ca uparimo anāgāmiādi heṭṭhimassa sakadāgāmiādikassa cittaṃ jānātīti sambandho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atītassa, anāgatassa ca parassa cittassa jānanaṃ sambhavati, paccuppannassa pana na sambhavatīti adhippāyena pucchati <span class="bld">‘‘kathaṃ paccuppannaṃ ārammaṇaṃ hotī’’</span>ti. Itaro yattha sambhavati, taṃdassanatthaṃ paccuppannaṃ tāva vibhajitvā dassento <span class="bld">‘‘paccuppannaṃ nāma tividha’’</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">uppādaṭṭhitibhaṅgappatta</span>nti uppādaṃ, ṭhitiṃ, bhaṅgañca pattaṃ, khaṇattayapariyāpannanti attho. <span class="bld">Etthantare ekadvesantativārā veditabbā</span>ti etthantare pavattā rūpasantativārā ekadvesantativārā nāmāti veditabbāti attho. Ālokaṭṭhānato ovarakaṃ paviṭṭhassa pageva tattha nisinnassa viya yāva rūpagataṃ pākaṭaṃ hoti. Tattha upaḍḍhavelā avibhūtavārā, upaḍḍhavelā vibhūtavārā, tadubhayaṃ gahetvā <span class="bld">‘‘dve santativārā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Tayidaṃ na sabbasādhāraṇaṃ, ekaccassa sīghampi pākaṭaṃ hotīti ‘‘ekadvesantativārā’’ti ekaggahaṇampi kataṃ, atiparittasabhāvautuādisamuṭṭhānā vā ekadvesantativārā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tīre akkantaudakalekhā</span> nāma kālussiyaṃ gatā tīrasamīpe udakarāji. <span class="bld">Yāva na vippasīdatī</span>ti <a name="V2.0062"></a> kālussiyavigamena yāva vippasannā na hoti. Keci pana ‘‘atinte tīre allapādena akkante yāva pāde udakalekhā na vippasīdati, na saṃsīdati, na vūpasammatī’’ti evamettha atthaṃ vadanti. Te panete kiriyābhedena vuttā kālavisesā, na aññamaññaṃ samasamā, ūnādhikabhāgavantova daṭṭhabbā. <span class="bld">Dve tayo javanavārā</span> kāmāvacarajavanavasena veditabbā, na itarajavanavasena. Na hi te parimitakālā, anantarā pavattabhavaṅgādayopi tadantogadhāva daṭṭhabbā. <span class="bld">Tadubhaya</span>nti rūpārūpasantatidvayaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekabhavaparicchinna</span>nti paṭisandhicutiparicchinnaṃ. Ekabhavapariyāpannaṃ dhammajātaṃ etarahīti vattabbaṃ <span class="bld">addhāpaccuppannaṃ nāma. Mano</span>ti sasampayuttaṃ viññāṇamāha. <span class="bld">Dhammā</span>ti ārammaṇadhammā. <span class="bld">Mano</span>ti vā manāyatanaṃ. <span class="bld">Dhammā</span>ti vedanādayo <a name="M2.0066"></a> arūpakkhandhā. <span class="bld">Ubhayametaṃ paccuppanna</span>nti addhāpaccuppannaṃ hontaṃ etaṃ ubhayaṃ hotīti attho. <span class="bld">Viññāṇa</span>nti nikantiviññāṇaṃ. Tañhi tasmiṃ paccuppanne chandarāgavasena paṭibaddhaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Abhinandatī</span>ti taṇhādiṭṭhābhinandanāhi abhinandati. Tathābhūto ca vatthupariññāya abhāvato tesu paccuppannesu dhammesu <span class="bld">saṃhīrati</span> taṇhādiṭṭhīhi ākaḍḍhīyati. Ettha ca dvādasāyatanānaṃ ‘‘etaṃ paccuppanna’’nti (ma. ni. 3.284) āgatattā tattha pavatto chandarāgo addhāpaccuppannārammaṇo, na khaṇapaccuppannārammaṇoti viññāyatīti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ sandhāya bhaddekarattasutte…pe… saṃhīratīti vutta’’</span>nti āha. ‘‘Paccuppannañca yo dhammaṃ, tattha tattha vipassatī’’ti (ma. ni. 3.272, 285) etthāpi vipassanācittaṃ khaṇapaccuppannaṃ, vipassitabbadhammā addhāpaccuppannāti gahetabbaṃ. Aññathā vipassanāva na sambhaveyya. ‘‘Khaṇapaccuppannaṃ pāḷiyaṃ āgata’’nti na vuttaṃ tassa vasena ārammaṇakaraṇassa aṭṭhakathāyaṃ anāgatattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kecī</span>ti abhayagirivāsino. <span class="bld">Ekakkhaṇe cittaṃ uppajjatī</span>ti iddhicittassa uppattisamakālameva paracittassapi uppattisambhavatoti yuttidassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Yathā ākāse</span>tiādi sadisūdāharaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Taṃ pana tesaṃ vacanaṃ ayuttaṃ</span>. Kasmā? Maggaphalavīthito aññattha aniṭṭhe ṭhāne āvajjanajavanānaṃ nānārammaṇabhāvappattidosatoti yuttivacanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadi evaṃ kathaṃ cetopariyañāṇaṃ paccuppannārammaṇaṃ hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘santatipaccuppannaṃ panā’’</span>tiādi<a name="V2.0063"></a>. <span class="bld">Addhāpaccuppannaṃ pana javanavārena dīpetabbaṃ,</span> na sakalena paccuppannaddhunāti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tatrāyaṃ dīpanā</span>tiādi javanavārassa addhāpaccuppannabhāvadīpanamukhena iddhicittassa pavattiākāradīpanaṃ. <span class="bld">Itarānī</span>ti āvajjanaparikammacittāni. Ettha ca ‘‘kecī’’ti yadipi abhayagirivāsino adhippetā, te pana cittassa ṭhitikkhaṇaṃ na icchantīti ‘‘ṭhitikkhaṇe vā paṭivijjhatī’’ti na vattabbaṃ siyā. Tathā ye ‘‘iddhimassa ca parassa ca ekakkhaṇe cittaṃ uppajjatī’’ti vadanti, tesaṃ ‘‘ṭhitikkhaṇe vā bhaṅgakkhaṇe vā paṭivijjhatī’’ti vacanaṃ na sameti. Na hi tasmiṃ khaṇadvaye uppajjamānaṃ paracittena saha ekakkhaṇe uppajjati nāmāti. Ṭhitibhaṅgakkhaṇesu ca uppajjamānaṃ ekadesaṃ paccuppannārammaṇaṃ, ekadesaṃ atītārammaṇaṃ āpajjati. Yañca vuttaṃ ‘‘parassa cittaṃ jānissāmīti rāsivasena mahājanassa <a name="M2.0067"></a> citte āvajjite’’ti, ettha ca mahājano atthato pare anekapuggalāti ‘‘paresaṃ cittaṃ jānissāmī’’ti āvajjanappavatti vattabbā siyā. Athāpi parassāti mahājanassāti attho sambhaveyya, tathāpi tassa ekapuggalasseva vā cittarāsiṃ āvajjitvā ekassa paṭivijjhanaṃ ayuttaṃ. Na hi rāsiāvajjanaṃ ekadesāvajjanaṃ hotīti, tasmā tehi ‘‘mahājanassa citte āvajjite’’tiādi na vattabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yaṃ pana te vadanti ‘‘yasmā iddhimassa ca parassa ca ekakkhaṇe cittaṃ uppajjatī’’ti. Tatthāyaṃ adhippāyo yutto siyā, cetopariyañāṇalābhī parassa cittaṃ ñātukāmo pādakajjhānaṃ samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhāya atītādivibhāgaṃ akatvā cittasāmaññena ‘‘imassa cittaṃ jānāmi, imassa cittaṃ jānāmī’’ti parikammaṃ katvā puna pādakajjhānaṃ samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhāya sāmaññeneva cittaṃ āvajjitvā tiṇṇaṃ, catunnaṃ vā parikammānaṃ anantarā cetopariyañāṇena paracittaṃ paṭivijjhati vibhāveti rūpaṃ viya dibbacakkhunā. Tato paraṃ pana kāmāvacaracittehi sarāgādivavatthānaṃ hoti nīlādivavatthānaṃ viya. Tattha dibbacakkhunā diṭṭhahadayavatthurūpassa sattassa abhimukhībhūtassa cittasāmaññena cittaṃ āvajjayamānaṃ āvajjanaṃ abhimukhībhūtaṃ vijjamānaṃ cittaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā cittaṃ āvajjeti. Parikammāni ca taṃ taṃ vijjamānaṃ cittaṃ cittasāmaññeneva ārammaṇaṃ katvā cittajānanaparikammāni <a name="V2.0064"></a> hutvā pavattanti. Cetopariyañāṇaṃ pana vijjamānaṃ cittaṃ paṭivijjhantaṃ vibhāventaṃ tena saha ekakkhaṇe eva uppajjati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha yasmā santānassa santānaggahaṇato ekattavasena āvajjanādīni ‘‘citta’’ntveva pavattāni. Tañca cittameva, yaṃ cetopariyañāṇena vibhāvitaṃ. Tasmā samānākārappavattito na aniṭṭhe maggaphalavīthito aññasmiṃ ṭhāne nānārammaṇatā āvajjanajavanānaṃ hoti. Paccuppannārammaṇañca parikammaṃ paccuppannārammaṇassa cetopariyañāṇassa āsevanapaccayena paccayoti siddhaṃ hoti. Atītattiko ca evaṃ upapanno hoti. Aññathā santatipaccuppanne, addhāpaccuppanne ca ‘‘paccuppanna’’nti idha vuccamāne atītānāgatānañca paccuppannatā āpajjeyya. Tathā ca sati ‘‘paccuppanno dhammo paccuppannassa dhammassa anantarapaccayena paccayo’’ti vattabbaṃ siyā, na ca taṃ vuttaṃ. ‘‘Atīto dhammo paccuppannassa dhammassa anantarapaccayena paccayo. Purimā purimā atītā khandhā pacchimānaṃ pacchimānaṃ paccuppannānaṃ khandhānaṃ anantara <a name="M2.0068"></a> …pe… anulomaṃ gotrabhussā’’tiādi vacanato (paṭṭhā. 2.18.5) na addhāsantatipaccuppannesveva ca anantarātītā cattāro khandhā atītāti viññāyanti. Na ca <span class="bld">abhidhammamātikāyaṃ</span> (dha. sa. tikamātikā 18-19) āgatassa paccuppannapadassa addhāsantatipaccuppannapadatthatā katthaci pāḷiyaṃ vuttā. Tasmā tehi iddhimassa ca parassa ca ekakkhaṇe cittuppattiyā cetopariyañāṇassa paccuppannārammaṇatā vuttā. Yadā pana ‘‘yaṃ imassa cittaṃ pavattaṃ, taṃ jānāmi. Yaṃ bhavissati, taṃ jānāmī’’ti vā ābhogaṃ katvā pādakajjhānasamāpajjanādīni karoti, tadā āvajjanaparikammāni, cetopariyañāṇañca atītānāgatārammaṇāneva honti āvajjaneneva vibhāgassa katattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ye pana ‘‘iddhimā parassa cittaṃ jānitukāmo āvajjeti, āvajjanaṃ khaṇapaccuppannaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā teneva saha nirujjhati. Tato cattāri, pañca vā javanāni, yesaṃ pacchimaṃ iddhicittaṃ, sesāni kāmāvacarāni, tesaṃ sabbesampi tadeva niruddhaṃ cittaṃ ārammaṇaṃ hoti, na ca tāni nānārammaṇāni honti addhānavasena paccuppannārammaṇattā’’ti idaṃ vacanaṃ nissāya ‘‘āvajjanajavanānaṃ paccuppannātītārammaṇabhāvepi nānārammaṇatābhāvo viya ekadviticatupañcacittakkhaṇānāgatesupi cittesu āvajjitesu āvajjanajavanānaṃ yathāsambhavaṃ anāgatapaccuppannātītārammaṇabhāvepi nānārammaṇatā na siyā. Tena catupañcacittakkhaṇānāgate āvajjite <a name="V2.0065"></a> anāgatārammaṇaparikammānantaraṃ khaṇapaccuppannārammaṇaṃ cetopariyañāṇaṃ siddha’’nti vadanti. Tesaṃ vādo ‘‘anāgatārammaṇo dhammo paccuppannārammaṇassa dhammassa āsevanapaccayena paccayo, paccuppannārammaṇo dhammo atītārammaṇassa dhammassa āsevanapaccayena paccayo’’ti imesaṃ pañhānaṃ anuddhaṭattā, gaṇanāya ca ‘‘āsevane tīṇī’’ti (paṭṭhā. 2.19.39) vuttattā na sijjhati. Na hi kusalakiriyāmahaggataṃ anāsevanaṃ atthīti. Etassa ca vādassa nissayabhāvo āvajjanajavanānaṃ khaṇapaccuppannaniruddhārammaṇatāvacanassa na sijjhati, ‘‘yaṃ pavattaṃ, pavattissati cā’’ti visesaṃ akatvā gahaṇe āvajjanassa anāgataggahaṇābhāvaṃ, tadabhāvā javanānampi vattamānaggahaṇābhāvañca sandhāyeva tassa vuttattā. Tadā hi bhavaṅgacalanānantaraṃ abhimukhībhūtameva cittaṃ ārabbha āvajjanā pavattatīti jānanacittassapi vattamānārammaṇabhāve āvajjanajānanacittānaṃ sahaṭṭhānadosāpattiyā, rāsiekadesāvajjanapaṭivedhe <a name="M2.0069"></a> sampattasampattāvajjanajānane ca aniṭṭhe ṭhāne āvajjanajavanānaṃ nānārammaṇabhāvadosāpattiyā ca yaṃ vuttaṃ ‘‘khaṇapaccuppannaṃ cittaṃ cetopariyañāṇassa ārammaṇaṃ hotī’’ti, taṃ ayuttanti paṭikkhipitvā yathāvuttadosāpattiṃ, kālavasena ca addhāsantatipaccuppannārammaṇattā nānārammaṇatābhāvaṃ disvā āvajjanajavanānaṃ vattamānataṃ niruddhārammaṇabhāvo vuttoti. Tampi vacanaṃ purimavādino nānujāneyyuṃ. Tasmiṃ hi sati ‘‘āvajjanā kusalāna’’ntiādīsu (paṭṭhā 1.1.417) viya aññapadasaṅgahitassa anantarapaccayavidhānato ‘‘paccuppannārammaṇaāvajjanā atītārammaṇānaṃ khandhānaṃ anantarapaccayena paccayo’’ti ca vattabbaṃ siyā, na ca vuttanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kasmā panevaṃ cetopariyañāṇassa paccuppannārammaṇatā vicāritā, nanu ‘‘atīto dhammo paccuppannassa dhammassa, anāgato dhammo paccuppannassa dhammassa ārammaṇapaccayena paccayo’’ti (paṭṭhā. 2.18.2) etesaṃ vibhaṅgesu ‘‘atītā khandhā iddhividhañāṇassa cetopariyañāṇassa pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇassa yathākammūpagañāṇassa āvajjanāya ārammaṇapaccayena paccayo, anāgatā khandhā iddhividhañāṇassa cetopariyañāṇassa anāgataṃsañāṇassa āvajjanāya ārammaṇapaccayena paccayo’’ti, uppannattike ca ‘‘anuppannā khandhā uppādino khandhā iddhividhañāṇassa cetopariyañāṇassa anāgataṃsañāṇassa āvajjanāya ārammaṇapaccayena paccayo’’ti (paṭṭhā. 2.17.3) cetopariyañāṇaggahaṇaṃ katvā ‘‘paccuppanno dhammo paccuppannassa dhammassā’’ti (paṭṭhā. 2.18.3) etassa vibhaṅge ‘‘paccuppannā khandhā iddhividhañāṇassa āvajjanāya ārammaṇapaccayena paccayo’’ti (paṭṭhā. 2.18.3), uppannattike ca ‘‘uppannā khandhā <a name="V2.0066"></a> iddhividhañāṇassa āvajjanāya ārammaṇapaccayena paccayo’’ti (paṭṭhā. 2.17.2) ettakasseva vuttattā paccuppanne citte cetopariyañāṇaṃ nappavattatīti viññāyati. Yadi hi pavatteyya, purimesu viya itaresu ca cetopariyañāṇaggahaṇaṃ kattabbaṃ siyāti? Saccaṃ kattabbaṃ, nayadassanavasena pana taṃ saṃkhittanti aññāya pāḷiyā viññāyati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Atītārammaṇo dhammo paccuppannārammaṇassa dhammassa ārammaṇapaccayena paccayo, anāgatārammaṇo dhammo paccuppannārammaṇassa, paccuppannārammaṇo <a name="M2.0070"></a> dhammo paccuppannārammaṇassā’’ti (paṭṭhā. 2.19.20-22) etesaṃ hi vibhaṅgesu ‘‘cetopariyañāṇena atītārammaṇapaccuppannacittasamaṅgissa cittaṃ jānāti, atītārammaṇā paccuppannā khandhā cetopariyañāṇassa āvajjanāya ārammaṇapaccayena paccayo, cetopariyañāṇena anāgatārammaṇapaccuppannacittasamaṅgissa cittaṃ jānāti, anāgatārammaṇā paccuppannā khandhā cetopariyañāṇassa āvajjanāya ārammaṇapaccayena paccayo, cetopariyañāṇena paccuppannārammaṇapaccuppannacittasamaṅgissa cittaṃ jānāti, paccuppannārammaṇā paccuppannā khandhā cetopariyañāṇassa āvajjanāya ārammaṇapaccayena paccayo’’ti (paṭṭhā. 2.19.20-22) cetopariyañāṇassa paccuppannārammaṇe pavatti vuttāti. Tenevāyaṃ vicāraṇā katāti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para417"></a><span class="paranum">417</span>. <span class="bld">Tesa</span>nti tesu dvīsu ñāṇesūti niddhāraṇe sāmivacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Cittameva ārammaṇaṃ</span> cetopariyañāṇattāti adhippāyo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘aññaṃ khandhaṃ vā khandhappaṭibaddhaṃ vā na jānātī’’</span>ti. Tattha <span class="bld">khandhappaṭibaddhaṃ</span> nāmagottādi. Yadi evaṃ kathaṃ maggārammaṇanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘maggasampayuttacittārammaṇattā pana pariyāyato maggārammaṇanti vutta’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Cetanāmattameva ārammaṇaṃ,</span> tathā hi taṃ ‘‘yathākammūpagañāṇa’’nti vuccatīti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Khandhappaṭibaddhesū</span>ti ettha nibbānampi khandhappaṭibaddhameva. Khandhehi visayīkatattāti vadanti. Tathā hi vuttaṃ <span class="bld">aṭṭhasāliniyaṃ</span> ‘‘atīte buddhā maggaṃ bhāvayiṃsu, phalaṃ sacchākaṃsu, anupādisesāya nibbānadhātuyā parinibbāyiṃsūti chinnavaṭumakānussaraṇavasena maggaphalanibbānapaccavekkhaṇatopi appamāṇārammaṇa’’nti (dha. sa. aṭṭha. 1421). Tattha maggaphalapaccavekkhaṇāni tāva pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇena maggaphalesu ñāṇesu pavattanti. Nibbānapaccavekkhaṇañca nibbānārammaṇesu appamāṇadhammesu ñāṇesūti maggādipaccavekkhaṇāni pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇassa appamāṇārammaṇataṃ sādhentīti veditabbāni. ‘‘Appamāṇā khandhā pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇassa <a name="V2.0067"></a> ārammaṇapaccayena paccayo’’icceva (paṭṭhā. 9.12.58) hi vuttaṃ, na vuttaṃ ‘‘nibbāna’’nti. Tasmā pubbenivāsañāṇena eva maggaphalapaccavekkhaṇakicce vuccamānepi nibbānapaccavekkhaṇatā na sakkā vattuṃ. Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ pana nibbānārammaṇatā nidassitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kusalā</span> <a name="M2.0071"></a> <span class="bld">khandhā</span>ti iddhividhapubbenivāsānāgataṃsañāṇāpekkho bahuvacananiddeso, na cetopariyayathākammūpagañāṇāpekkhāti tesaṃ catukkhandhārammaṇabhāvassa asādhakoti ce? Na, aññattha ‘‘avitakkavicāramattā khandhā ca vicāro ca cetopariyañāṇassa pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇassa anāgataṃsañāṇassa ārammaṇapaccayena paccayo’’ti (paṭṭhā. 2.6.72), ‘‘savitakkasavicārā khandhā ca vitakko ca cetopariyañāṇassa pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇassa anāgataṃsañāṇassa ārammaṇapaccayena paccayo’’ti (paṭṭhā. 2.6.73) ca vuttattā cetopariyañāṇāpekkhāpi bahuvacananiddesoti imassa atthassa siddhito. Evampi yathākammūpagañāṇassa ‘‘avitakkavicāramattā khandhā ca vicāro cā’’tiādīsu avuttattā catukkhandhārammaṇatā na sijjhatīti? Na, tattha avacanassa aññakāraṇattā. Yathākammūpagañāṇena hi kammasaṃsaṭṭhā cattāro khandhā kammamukhena gayhati. Tañhi yathā cetopariyañāṇaṃ purimaparikammavasena avitakkādivibhāgaṃ, sarāgādivibhāgañca cittaṃ vibhāveti, na evaṃ vibhāgaṃ vibhāveti. Kammavaseneva pana samudāyaṃ vibhāveti, tasmā ‘‘avitakkavicāramattā khandhā ca vicāro cā’’tiādike vibhāgakaraṇe taṃ na vuttaṃ, na catukkhandhānārammaṇatoti. Idaṃ panassa akāraṇanti keci. Tatthāpi ‘‘pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇassa yathākammūpagañāṇassa anāgataṃsañāṇassā’’ti paṭhanti eva. Na hi taṃ kusalākusalavibhāgaṃ viya savitakkādivibhāgaṃ kammaṃ vibhāvetuṃ asamatthaṃ. Duccaritasucaritavibhāvanampi hi lobhādialobhādisampayogavibhāgavisesavibhāvanaṃ hotīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇaṃ nāmagottānussaraṇakāle na vattabbārammaṇa’’nti ettakameva aṭṭhakathāyaṃ vuttaṃ. Nāmagottaṃ pana khandhūpanibandho sammutisiddho byañjanattho, na byañjananti. <span class="bld">Ayamettha amhākaṃ khantī</span>ti ācariyassāyaṃ attano mati. Yaṃ pana vuttaṃ ‘‘na byañjana’’nti, tassa samatthanaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘byañjanañhī’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para419"></a><span class="paranum">419</span>. <span class="bld">Kāmāvacare</span> <a name="V2.0068"></a> <span class="bld">nibbattissatī</span>ti nibbattikkhandhajānanamāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para420"></a><span class="paranum">420</span>. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti etasmiṃ ajjhattārammaṇattikavasena abhiññāñāṇānaṃ, ārammaṇavicāre. ‘‘Ajjhattārammaṇañceva bahiddhārammaṇañcā’’ti ekajjhaṃ gahetvā <a name="M2.0072"></a> yaṃ vuttaṃ porāṇaṭṭhakathāyaṃ, taṃ ‘‘kālena…pe… hotiyevā’’ti iminā adhippāyena vuttanti attho. Na hi ajjhattabahiddhā nāma visuṃ ekaṃ atthi, nāpi taṃ ekajjhaṃ ārammaṇaṃ karīyatīti. Yadi evaṃ tiko eva na pūrati padadvayāsaṅgahitassa tatiyassa atthantarassa abhāvato, na, pakārabhedavisayattā tikaniddesassa. Tathā hi aṭṭhakathāyaṃ ‘‘te eva tippakārepi dhamme’’ti vuttaṃ. Te eva ajjhattādivasena tividhepi dhammeti attho. Ettha hi ‘‘te eva dhamme’’ti avatvā ‘‘tippakāre’’ti vacanaṃ pakārabhedanibandhanā ayaṃ tikadesanāti dassanatthaṃ. Yathā hi kusalattikādīnaṃ desanā yathārahaṃ dhammānaṃ jātisampayogappahānasikkhābhūmiārammaṇappabhedaniyamakālādibhedanibandhanā, na evamayaṃ jātiādibhedanibandhanā, nāpi sanidassanattikahetudukādidesanā viya sabhāvādibhedanibandhanā, atha kho pakārabhedanibandhanā. Pañceva hi khandhā sasantatipariyāpannataṃ upādāya ‘‘ajjhattā’’ti vuttā, parasantatipariyāpannataṃ upādāya ‘‘bahiddhā’’ti, tadubhayaṃ upādāya ‘‘ajjhattabahiddhā’’ti. Tenāha ‘‘anindriyabaddharūpañca nibbānañca ṭhapetvā sabbe dhammā siyā ajjhattā, siyā bahiddhā, siyā ajjhattabahiddhā’’ti (dha. sa. 1435). Nanu cettha atthantarābhāvato, pakārantarassa ca anāmaṭṭhattā tatiyo rāsi natthīti? Nayidamevaṃ. Yadipi hi paṭhamapadena asaṅgahitasaṅgaṇhanavasena dutiyapadassa pavattattā sabbepi sabhāvadhammā padadvayeneva pariggahitā, tehi pana visuṃ visuṃ gahitadhamme ekajjhaṃ gahaṇavasena tatiyapadaṃ vuttanti attheva tatiyo rāsi. Na hi samudāyo avayavo hoti, bhinnavatthuke pana dhamme adhiṭṭhānabhedaṃ amuñcitvā ekajjhaṃ gahaṇaṃ na sambhavatīti kālena ajjhattaṃ, kālena bahiddhā jānanakāleti vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Abhiññāniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti terasamaparicchedavaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="chapter">14. Khandhaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">Paññākathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para421"></a><span class="paranum">421</span>. <span class="bld">Sabbākārenā</span>ti <a name="M2.0073"></a><a name="V2.0069"></a> upacārākāro, appanākāro, vasībhāvākāro, vitakkādisamatikkamākāro, rūpādīhi virajjanākāro, cuddasadhā cittassa paridamanākāro, pañcavidhaānisaṃsādhigamākāroti evamādinā sabbena bhāvanākārena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tadanantarā</span>ti ‘‘cittaṃ pañña’’nti evaṃ desanākkamena, paṭipattikkamena ca tassa samādhissa anantarā. Paññā bhāvetabbā samādhibhāvanāya samannāgatena bhikkhunāti sambandho. ‘‘Paññañca bhāvaya’’nti evaṃ <span class="bld">atisaṅkhepadesitattā,</span> gāthāvaṇṇanāyaṃ vā ‘‘samādhisilāyaṃ sunisitaṃ vipassanāpaññāsattha’’nti evaṃ ativiya saṅkhepena bhāsitattā ayaṃ sā paññāti sabhāvato <span class="bld">viññātumpi tāva na sukarā</span>. Bhāvanāvidhānassa pana adassitattā pageva bhāvetuṃ na sukarāti sambandho. Pucchanaṭṭhena pañhā, kammaṃ kiriyā karaṇaṃ, pañhāva kammaṃ <span class="bld">pañhākammaṃ,</span> pucchanapayogoti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kā paññā</span>ti sarūpapucchā. <span class="bld">Kenaṭṭhena paññā</span>ti kena atthena paññāti vuccati, ‘‘paññā’’ti padaṃ kaṃ abhidheyyatthaṃ nissāya pavattanti attho. Sā panāyaṃ paññā sabhāvato, kiccato, upaṭṭhānākārato, āsannakāraṇato ca kathaṃ jānitabbāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kānassā lakkhaṇarasapaccupaṭṭhānapadaṭṭhānānī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Katividhā</span>ti pabhedapucchā. Kasmā panettha saṃkilesavodānapucchā na gahitāti? Vuccate – lokuttarāya tāva paññāya nattheva saṃkileso. Asati ca tasmiṃ kuto vodānapucchāti tadubhayaṃ na gahitaṃ. Lokiyāya pana tāni bhāvanāvidhāne eva antogadhānīti katvā visuṃ na gahitāni maggāmaggañāṇadassanavisuddhiantogadhattā<a name="V2.0070"></a>, samādhibhāvanāyaṃ vā vuttanayānusārena veditabbānīti na gahitāni. Paṭipatti nāma diṭṭhānisaṃse eva hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘paññābhāvanāya ko ānisaṃso’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para422"></a><span class="paranum">422</span>. <span class="bld">Tatrā</span>ti tasmiṃ, tassa vā pañhākammassa. <span class="bld">Vissajjana</span>nti vivaraṇaṃ. Pucchito hi attho avibhāvitattā nigūḷho muṭṭhiyaṃ kato viya tiṭṭhati, tassa <a name="M2.0074"></a> vivaraṇaṃ vissajjanaṃ vibhūtabhāvakaraṇato. <span class="bld">Kā paññā</span>ti kāmañcāyaṃ sarūpapucchā, vibhāgavantānaṃ pana sabhāvavibhāvanaṃ vibhāgadassanamukheneva hotīti vibhāgo tāva anavasesato dassetabbo. Taṃdassanena ca ayamādīnavoti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘paññā bahuvidhā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">bahuvidhā</span>ti kusalādivasena anekavidhā. <span class="bld">Nānappakārā</span>ti atthajāpikādibhedena, sutamayañāṇādibhedena ca nānāvidhā. <span class="bld">Taṃ sabba</span>nti taṃ anavasesaṃ paññāvibhāgaṃ. <span class="bld">Na sādheyyā</span>ti vipassanābhāvanāya saddhiṃ maggabhāvanā idha adhippetattho. Tāya hi taṇhājaṭāvijaṭanaṃ, tañca na sādheyya. Anavasesato hi paññāpabhede vissajjiyamāne ‘‘ekavidhena ñāṇavatthū’’tiādiko (vibha. 751) sabbo ñāṇavatthu vibhaṅge, suttantesu ca tattha tattha āgato paññāpabhedo. Sakalopi vā abhidhammanayo āharitvā vissajjetabbo bhaveyya, tathā ca sati yvāyaṃ idha paññābhāvanāvidhi adhippeto, tassa vissajjanāya okāsova na bhaveyya. Kiñca yvāyaṃ ṭhānāṭhānakammantaravipākantarādivisaye paññāya pavattibhedo, sopi yathārahaṃ saddhiṃ phalāphalabhedena vibhajitvā vissajjetabbo siyā. So ca pana vissajjiyamāno aññadatthu vikkhepāya saṃvatteyya, yathā taṃ avisaye. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘uttari ca vikkhepāya saṃvatteyyā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Kusalacittasampayuttaṃ vipassanāñāṇa</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">kusala</span>-ggahaṇena duvidhampi abyākataṃ nivatteti, tathā ‘‘atthi saṃkiliṭṭhapaññā’’ti evaṃ pavattaṃ micchāvādaṃ paṭisedheti. <span class="bld">Vipassanāñāṇa</span>-ggahaṇena sesakusalapaññā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para423"></a><span class="paranum">423</span>. <span class="bld">Sañjānanavijānanākāravisiṭṭha</span>nti sañjānanākāravijānanākārehi sātisayaṃ. Yato <span class="bld">nānappakārato jānanaṃ</span> jānanabhāvo visayaggahaṇākāro. So hi nesaṃ samāno, na sañjānanādiākāro. <span class="bld">Pītakantī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">iti</span>-saddo ādiattho, tena ‘‘lohitakaṃ odātaṃ dīghaṃ rassa’’ntiādike saññāya gahetabbākāre saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Sañjānanamattamevā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">sañjānanaṃ</span> nāma ‘‘nīlaṃ pīta’’ntiādikaṃ ārammaṇe vijjamānaṃ vā avijjamānaṃ vā saññānimittaṃ katvā jānanaṃ. Tathā hesā puna sañjānanapaccayanimittakaraṇarasā. <span class="bld">Matta</span>-saddena visesanivattiatthena vijānanapajānanākāre nivatteti, <span class="bld">eva</span>-saddena kadācipi imissā te visesā <a name="V2.0071"></a> natthevāti avadhāreti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘aniccaṃ dukkha’’</span>ntiādi<a name="M2.0075"></a>. Tattha viññāṇakiccampi kātuṃ asakkontī saññā kuto paññākiccaṃ kareyyāti <span class="bld">‘‘lakkhaṇapaṭivedhaṃ pāpetuṃ na sakkoti’’</span>cceva vuttaṃ, na vuttaṃ ‘‘maggapātubhāva’’nti. Ārammaṇe pavattamānaṃ viññāṇaṃ na tattha saññā viya nīlapītādikassa sañjānanavaseneva pavattati, atha kho tattha aññañca visesaṃ jānantameva pavattatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘viññāṇa’’</span>ntiādi. Kathaṃ pana viññāṇaṃ lakkhaṇapaṭivedhaṃ pāpetīti? Paññāya dassitamaggena. Lakkhaṇārammaṇikavipassanāya hi anekavāraṃ lakkhaṇāni paṭivijjhitvā paṭivijjhitvā pavattamānāya paguṇabhāvato paricayavasena ñāṇavippayuttacittenapi vipassanā sambhavati, yathā taṃ paguṇassa ganthassa sajjhāyane ñāyāgatāpi vārā na viññāyanti. <span class="bld">Lakkhaṇapaṭivedha</span>nti ca lakkhaṇānaṃ ārammaṇakaraṇamattaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ, na paṭivijjhanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ussakkitvā</span>ti udayabbayañāṇapaṭipāṭiyā āyūhitvā. <span class="bld">Maggapātubhāvaṃ pāpetuṃ na sakkoti</span> asambodhasabhāvattā. <span class="bld">Vuttanayavasenā</span>ti viññāṇe vuttanayavasena ārammaṇañca jānāti, lakkhaṇapaṭivedhañca pāpeti. Attano pana anaññasādhāraṇena ānubhāvena <span class="bld">ussakkitvā maggapātubhāvañca pāpeti</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni yathāvuttamatthaṃ upamāya patiṭṭhāpetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yathā hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">ajātabuddhī</span>ti asañjātabyavahārabuddhi. <span class="bld">Upabhogaparibhoga</span>nti upabhogaparibhogārahaṃ, upabhogaparibhogavatthūnaṃ paṭilābhayogyanti attho. <span class="bld">Cheko</span>ti mahāsāro. <span class="bld">Kūṭo</span>ti kahāpaṇapatirūpako tambakaṃsādimayo. <span class="bld">Addhasāro</span>ti upaḍḍhagghanako. <span class="bld">Iti</span>-saddo ādiattho, tena pādasāra samasāraparopādasārādīnaṃ saṅgaho. <span class="bld">Te pakāre</span>ti indajālājātipupphādippakāre ceva chekādippakāre ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saññā hī</span>tiādi upamāsaṃsandanaṃ. <span class="bld">Saññā</span> vibhāgaṃ akatvā piṇḍavaseneva ārammaṇassa gahaṇato dārakassa kahāpaṇadassanasadisī vuttā. Tathā hi sā ‘‘yathāupaṭṭhitavisayapadaṭṭhānā’’ vuccati. <span class="bld">Viññāṇaṃ</span> ārammaṇe ekaccavisesagahaṇasamatthatāya gāmikapurisassa kahāpaṇadassanasadisaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Paññā</span> ārammaṇe anavasesavisesāvabodhato heraññikassa kahāpaṇadassanasadisī vuttāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Nānappakārato</span> <a name="M2.0076"></a> <span class="bld">jānana’’</span>nti iminā ñeyyadhammā paccekaṃ nānappakārāti tesaṃ yāthāvato avabodho paññāti dasseti. Tathā hi vuttaṃ ‘‘sabbe dhammā sabbākārena buddhassa bhagavato ñāṇamukhe āpāthamāgacchantī’’ti (mahāni. 156; cūḷani. mogharājamāṇavapucchāniddesa 85).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yatthā</span>ti <a name="V2.0072"></a> yasmiṃ cittuppāde. <span class="bld">Na tattha ekaṃsena hotī</span>ti tasmiṃ cittuppāde paññā ekantena na hoti. Na hi duhetukaahetukacittuppādesu paññā uppajjati. <span class="bld">Avinibbhuttā</span>ti aviyuttā. <span class="bld">Tehī</span>ti saññāviññāṇehi. Yathā hi sukhaṃ pītiyā na niyamato aviyuttaṃ, evaṃ saññāviññāṇāni paññāya na niyamato aviyuttāti. Yathā pana pīti sukhena niyamato aviyuttā, evaṃ paññā saññāviññāṇehi niyamato aviyuttā. Tasmā evaṃ avinibbhuttesu imesu tīsu dhammesu tesaṃ vinibbhogo dukkaroti tiṇṇaṃ janānaṃ kahāpaṇadassanaṃ nidassitanti. Tesaṃ duviññeyyanānattataṃyeva vacanantarenapi dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tenāhā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha rūpadhammesupi tāva nānānadīnaṃ udakassa, nānātelassa vā ekasmiṃ bhājane pakkhipitvā mathitassa ‘‘idaṃ asukāya nadiyā udakaṃ, idaṃ asukatela’’nti niddhāretvā sarūpato dassanaṃ dukkaraṃ, kimaṅgaṃ pana arūpadhammesūti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ arūpīnaṃ cittacetasikāna’’</span>ntiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para424"></a><span class="paranum">424</span>. Dhammānaṃ sako bhāvo, samāno ca bhāvo <span class="bld">dhammasabhāvo</span>. Tattha paṭhamena kakkhaḷaphusanādisalakkhaṇaṃ gahitaṃ, dutiyena aniccadukkhatādisāmaññalakkhaṇaṃ. Tadubhayassa ca yāthāvato paṭivijjhanalakkhaṇā paññāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘dhammasabhāvapaṭivedhalakkhaṇā paññā’’</span>ti. Ghaṭapaṭādipaṭicchādakassa bāhirandhakārassa dīpālokādi viya yathāvuttadhammasabhāvapaṭicchādakassa <span class="bld">mohandhakārassa viddhaṃsanarasā</span>. Uppajjamāno eva hi paññāloko hadayandhakāraṃ vidhamento evaṃ uppajjati, tato eva dhammasabhāvesu asammuyhanākārena paccupatiṭṭhatīti <span class="bld">asammohapaccupaṭṭhānā</span>. Kāraṇabhūtā vā sayaṃ phalabhūtaṃ asammohaṃ paccupaṭṭhāpetīti evampi <span class="bld">asammohapaccupaṭṭhānā</span>. Vipassanāpaññāya idha adhippetattā <span class="bld">‘‘samādhi tassā padaṭṭhāna’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. Tathā hi ‘‘samāhito yathābhūtaṃ pajānātī’’ti suttapadaṃ nibandhanabhāvena āgataṃ (saṃ. ni. 3.5, 99; saṃ. ni. 5.1071; netti. 40; mi. pa. 2.1.14).</p>
<p class="subhead">Paññāpabhedakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para425"></a><span class="paranum">425</span>. Dhammasabhāvapaṭivedho <a name="M2.0077"></a> nāma paññāya āveṇiko sabhāvo, na tenassā koci vibhāgo labbhatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘dhammasabhāvapaṭivedhalakkhaṇena tāva ekavidhā’’</span>ti. Lujjanapalujjanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">loko</span> vuccati vaṭṭaṃ, tappariyāpannatāya loke niyuttā, tattha vā viditāti <span class="bld">lokiyā</span>. Tattha apariyāpannatāya lokato uttarā uttiṇṇāti <span class="bld">lokuttarā</span>. Lokuttarāpi <a name="V2.0073"></a> hi maggasampayuttā bhāvetabbā. Vipassanāpariyāyopi tassā labbhatevāti lokuttara-ggahaṇaṃ na virujjhati. Attānaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā pavattehi saha āsavehīti <span class="bld">sāsavā,</span> ārammaṇakaraṇavasenapi natthi etissā āsavāti <span class="bld">anāsavā. Ādi</span>-saddena āsavavippayuttasāsavadukādīnaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Nāmarūpavavatthānavasenā</span>ti nāmavavatthānavasena, rūpavavatthānavasena ca. Paṭhamaṃ nibbānadassanato dassanañca, nissayabhāvato sampayuttā dhammā bhavanti ettha, sayampi vā bhavati uppajjati na nibbānaṃ viya apātubhāvanti bhūmi cāti <span class="bld">dassanabhūmi,</span> paṭhamamaggo. Sesamaggattayaṃ pana yasmā paṭhamamaggena diṭṭhasmiṃyeva dhamme bhāvanāvasena uppajjati, na adiṭṭhapubbaṃ kiñci passati, tasmā bhāvanā ca yathāvuttenatthena bhūmi cāti <span class="bld">bhāvanābhūmi</span>. Tattha paññā dassanabhūmibhāvanābhūmivasena duvidhāti vuttā. Sutādinirapekkhāya cintāya nibbattā <span class="bld">cintāmayā</span>. Evaṃ <span class="bld">sutamayā, bhāvanāmayā</span> ca. Mayasaddo paccekaṃ sambandhitabbo. Āye vaḍḍhiyaṃ kosallaṃ <span class="bld">āyakosallaṃ,</span> apāye avaḍḍhiyaṃ kosallaṃ <span class="bld">apāyakosallaṃ,</span> upāye tassa tassa atthassa nibbattikāraṇe kosallaṃ <span class="bld">upāyakosalla</span>nti visuṃ visuṃ kosallapadaṃ sambandhitabbaṃ. Ajjhattaṃ abhiniveso paṭipajjanaṃ etissāti <span class="bld">ajjhattābhinivesā</span>. Evaṃ <span class="bld">bahiddhābhinivesā, ubhayābhinivesā</span> ca veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para426"></a><span class="paranum">426</span>. <span class="bld">Lokiyamaggasampayuttā</span>ti lokiyakusalacittuppādesu maggasampayuttā, visesato diṭṭhivisuddhiādivisuddhicatukkasaṅgahitamaggasampayuttā. Samudāyesu pavattā samaññā tadekadesesupi vattatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘maggasampayuttā’’</span>ti, paccekampi vā sammādiṭṭhiādīnaṃ maggasamaññāti katvā evaṃ vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dhammanānattābhāvepi <a name="M2.0078"></a> padatthanānattamattena dukkaravacanaṃ hotīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘atthato panesā lokiyalokuttarāvā’’</span>ti. Āsavavippayuttasāsavadukādīsupi vippayuttatādiggahaṇameva viseso, atthato lokiyalokuttarāva paññāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘eseva nayo’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena oghanīyaoghavippayuttaoghanīyādidukānaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. Paṭhamajjhānikāni cattāri maggacittāni, tathā dutiyādijjhānikāni cāti evaṃ soḷasasu maggacittesu. Vipassanāpaññāya idha adhippetattā mahaggatapaññā na gahitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para427"></a><span class="paranum">427</span>. <span class="bld">Attano cintāvasenā</span>ti tassa tassa anavajjassa atthassa sādhane paropadesena vinā <a name="V2.0074"></a> attano upāyacintāvaseneva. <span class="bld">Sutavasenā</span>ti yathāsutassa paropadesassa vasena. <span class="bld">Yathā tathā vā</span>ti parato upadesaṃ sutvā vā asutvā vā sayameva bhāvanaṃ anuyuñjantassa. <span class="bld">‘‘Appanāppattā’’</span>ti idaṃ sikhāppattabhāvanāmayaṃ dassetuṃ vuttaṃ, na pana ‘‘appanāppattāva bhāvanāmayā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yogavihitesū</span>ti paññāvihitesu paññāpariṇāmitesu upāyasampāditesu. <span class="bld">Kammāyatanesū</span>ti ettha kammameva kammāyatanaṃ, kammañca taṃ āyatanañca ājīvānanti vā kammāyatanaṃ. Esa nayo <span class="bld">sippāyatanesupi</span>. Tattha duvidhaṃ kammaṃ hīnañca vaḍḍhakīkammādi, ukkaṭṭhañca kasivāṇijādi. Sippampi duvidhaṃ hīnañca naḷakārasippādi, ukkaṭṭhañca muddāgaṇanādi. Vijjāva <span class="bld">vijjāṭṭhānaṃ</span>. Taṃ dhammikameva nāgamaṇḍalaparittaphudhamanakamantasadisaṃ veditabbaṃ. Tāni panetāni ekacce paṇḍitā bodhisattasadisā manussānaṃ phāsuvihāraṃ ākaṅkhantā neva aññehi kariyamānāni passanti, na vā katāni uggaṇhanti, na kathentānaṃ suṇanti. Atha kho attano dhammatāya cintāya karonti, paññavantehi attano dhammatāya cintāya katānipi aññehi uggaṇhitvā karontehi katasadisāneva honti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kammassakata</span>nti ‘‘idaṃ kammaṃ sattānaṃ sakaṃ, idaṃ no saka’’nti evaṃ jānanañāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Saccānulomika</span>nti vipassanāñāṇaṃ. Taṃ hi saccapaṭivedhassa anulomanato ‘‘saccānulomika’’nti vuccati. Idānissa pavattanākāraṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘rūpaṃ aniccanti vā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">vā</span>-saddena aniyamatthena dukkhānattalakkhaṇānipi <a name="M2.0079"></a> gahitānevāti daṭṭhabbaṃ nānantariyakabhāvato. Yaṃ hi aniccaṃ, taṃ dukkhaṃ. Yaṃ dukkhaṃ, tadanattāti. <span class="bld">Yaṃ evarūpi</span>nti yaṃ evaṃ heṭṭhā niddiṭṭhasabhāvaṃ. <span class="bld">Anulomikaṃ khanti</span>ntiādīni paññāvevacanāni. Sā hi heṭṭhā vuttānaṃ kammāyatanādīnaṃ apaccanīkadassanena anulomanato, tathā sattānaṃ hitacariyāya maggasaccassa, paramatthasaccassa, nibbānassa ca avilomanato anulometīti <span class="bld">anulomikā</span>. Sabbānipi etāni kāraṇāni khamati daṭṭhuṃ sakkotīti <span class="bld">khanti</span>. Passatīti <span class="bld">diṭṭhi</span>. Rocetīti <span class="bld">ruci</span>. Munātīti <span class="bld">muti</span>. Pekkhatīti <span class="bld">pekkhā</span>. Te ca kammāyatanādayo dhammā etāya nijjhāyamānā nijjhānaṃ khamantīti <span class="bld">dhammanijjhānakhanti. Parato asutvā paṭilabhatī</span>ti aññassa upadesavacanaṃ asutvā sayameva cintento paṭilabhati. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ vuccatī</span>ti ayaṃ cintāmayā paññā nāma vuccati. Sā panesā abhiññātānaṃ bodhisattānameva uppajjati. Tatthāpi <a name="V2.0075"></a> saccānulomikañāṇaṃ dvinnaṃyeva bodhisattānaṃ antimabhavikānaṃ, sesapaññā sabbesampi pūritapāramīnaṃ mahāpaññānaṃ uppajjati. <span class="bld">Parato sutvā paṭilabhatī</span>ti kammāyatanādīni parena kariyamānāni vā katāni vā disvāpi parassa kathayamānassa vacanaṃ sutvāpi ācariyasantike uggahetvāpi paṭiladdhā sabbā parato sutvāva paṭiladdhā nāmāti veditabbā. <span class="bld">Samāpannassā</span>ti samāpattisamaṅgissa, nidassanamattañcetaṃ. Vipassanāmaggapaññā idha ‘‘bhāvanāmayā paññā’’ti adhippetā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sā</span>ti ‘‘parittārammaṇā mahaggatārammaṇā’’ti (vibha. 753) vuttapaññā. <span class="bld">Lokiyavipassanā</span>ti lokiyavipassanāpaññā. <span class="bld">Sā lokuttaravipassanā</span>ti yā nibbānaṃ ārabbha pavattā appamāṇārammaṇā paññā vuttā, sā lokuttaravipassanāti maggapaññaṃ sandhāyāha. Sā hi saṅkhārānaṃ aniccatādiṃ agaṇhantīpi vipassanākiccapāripūriyā, nibbānassa vā tathalakkhaṇaṃ visesato passatīti vipassanāti vuccati. Gotrabhuñāṇaṃ pana kiñcāpi appamāṇārammaṇaṃ, maggassa pana āvajjanaṭṭhāniyattā na vipassanāvohāraṃ labhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ayanti etāya sampattiyoti <span class="bld">āyo,</span> vuddhi. <span class="bld">Tattha kosalla</span>nti tasmiṃ anatthahāniatthuppattilakkhaṇe āye kosallaṃ kusalatā nipuṇatā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Taṃ <a name="M2.0080"></a> pana ekantikaṃ āyakosallaṃ pāḷivaseneva dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ime dhamme’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">idaṃ vuccatī</span>ti yā imesaṃ akusaladhammānaṃ anuppattipahānesu, kusaladhammānañca uppattiṭṭhitīsu paññā, idaṃ <span class="bld">āyakosallaṃ</span> nāmāti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vuddhilakkhaṇā āyato apetattā <span class="bld">apāyo,</span> avuddhi. <span class="bld">Tattha kosalla</span>nti tasmiṃ atthahānianatthuppattilakkhaṇe apāye kosallaṃ kusalatā <span class="bld">apāyakosallaṃ</span>. Tampi pāḷivaseneva dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ime dhamme’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">idaṃ vuccatī</span>ti yā imesaṃ kusaladhammānaṃ anuppajjananirujjhanesu, akusaladhammānaṃ vā uppattiṭṭhitīsu paññā, idaṃ apāyakosallaṃ nāmāti vuccati. Āyakosallaṃ tāva paññā hotu, apāyakosallaṃ kathaṃ paññā nāma jātāti? Evaṃ maññati ‘‘apāyuppādanasamatthatā apāyakosallaṃ nāma siyā’’ti, taṃ pana tassa matimattaṃ. Kasmā? Paññavā eva hi ‘‘mayhaṃ evaṃ manasi karoto anuppannā kusalā dhammā nuppajjanti, uppannā <a name="V2.0076"></a> nirujjhanti. Anuppannā akusalā dhammā uppajjanti, uppannā pavaḍḍhantī’’ti pajānāti, so evaṃ ñatvā anuppanne akusale na uppādeti, uppanne pajahati. Anuppanne kusale uppādeti, uppanne bhāvanāpāripūriṃ pāpeti. Evaṃ apāyakosallampi paññā evāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbatthā</span>ti sabbesu. <span class="bld">Tesaṃ tesaṃ dhammāna</span>nti sattānaṃ taṃtaṃhitasukhadhammānaṃ. <span class="bld">Taṅkhaṇappavatta</span>nti accāyike kicce vā bhaye vā uppanne tassa tikicchanatthaṃ tasmiṃyeva khaṇe pavattaṃ. Ṭhānena uppatti etassa atthīti <span class="bld">ṭhānuppattikaṃ,</span> ṭhānaso eva uppajjanakaṃ. <span class="bld">Tatrupāyā</span>ti tatra tatra karaṇīye upāyabhūtā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gahetvā</span>ti ‘‘idaṃ rūpaṃ, ettakaṃ rūpa’’ntiādinā pariggaṇhanavasena gahetvā. <span class="bld">Ubhayaṃ gahetvā</span>ti ‘‘ajjhattaṃ bahiddhā’’ti ubhayaṃ anupubbato pariggahetvā. Atha vā ‘‘yaṃ kiñci samudayadhammaṃ, sabbaṃ taṃ nirodhadhamma’’nti ekappahāreneva sabbepi pañcakkhandhe avibhāgena pariggahetvā. Ayaṃ pana tikkhavipassakassa mahāpuññassa bhikkhuno vipassanābhiniveso.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para428"></a><span class="paranum">428</span>. <span class="bld">Dukkhasaccaṃ ārabbhā</span>ti dukkhasaccaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā, tappaṭicchādakasammohavidhaṃsanavasena ca <span class="bld">pavattaṃ ñāṇaṃ dukkhe ñāṇaṃ. Dukkhasamudayaṃ</span> <span class="bld">ārabbhā</span>ti <a name="M2.0081"></a> etthāpi eseva nayo. Tathā sesapadadvayepi. Paccavekkhaṇañāṇaṃ hi catusaccaṃ ārabbha pavattañāṇaṃ nāma, tatiyaṃ pana maggañāṇaṃ, itarasaccāni vipassanāñāṇanti pākaṭameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Atthādīsu pabhedagatāni ñāṇānī’’ti saṅkhepena vuttamatthaṃ pāḷivaseneva vivarituṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vuttañheta’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">atthe ñāṇaṃ atthapaṭisambhidā</span>ti yaṃ atthappabhedassa sallakkhaṇavibhāvanavavatthānakaraṇasamatthaṃ atthe pabhedagataṃ ñāṇaṃ, ayaṃ atthapaṭisambhidā nāma. Sesapadesupi eseva nayo. Dhammappabhedassa hi sallakkhaṇavibhāvanavavatthānakaraṇasamatthaṃ dhamme pabhedagataṃ ñāṇaṃ <span class="bld">dhammapaṭisambhidā</span>. Niruttippabhedassa sallakkhaṇavibhāvanavavatthānakaraṇasamatthaṃ niruttābhilāpe pabhedagataṃ ñāṇaṃ <span class="bld">niruttipaṭisambhidā</span>. Paṭibhānappabhedassa sallakkhaṇavibhāvanavavatthānakaraṇasamatthaṃ paṭibhāne pabhedagataṃ ñāṇaṃ <span class="bld">paṭibhānapaṭisambhidā</span>. Niruttipaṭibhānappabhedā tabbisayānaṃ atthādīnaṃ paccayuppannatādibhedehi bhinditvā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nibbānampi <a name="V2.0077"></a> sampāpakahetuanusārena arīyati, adhigammatīti attho. <span class="bld">‘‘Yaṃ kiñci paccayasambhūta’’</span>nti etena saccahetudhammapaccayākāravāresu āgatāni dukkhādīni gahitāni. Saccapaccayākāravāresu nibbānaṃ, pariyattivāre bhāsitattho, abhidhammabhājanīye vipāko, kiriyā cāti evaṃ pāḷiyaṃ vuttānaṃ eva vasena pañca atthā veditabbā. <span class="bld">Dahatī</span>ti vidahati, nibbattakahetuādīnaṃ sādhāraṇametaṃ nibbacanaṃ. Tadatthaṃ pana vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pavatteti vā sampāpuṇituṃ vā detī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Tesu purimo attho maggavajjesu daṭṭhabbo. Bhāsitampi hi avabodhanavasena atthaṃ pavatteti, maggo pana nibbānaṃ pāpetīti tasmiṃ pacchimo attho. Nibbānaṃ hi pattabbo attho, bhāsitattho ñāpetabbo attho, itaro nibbattetabbo atthoti evaṃ tividho hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Yo koci phalanibbattako hetū’’</span>ti etena saccahetudhammapaccayākāravāresu āgatāni samudayādīni gahitāni, saccapaccayākāravāresu maggo, pariyattivāre bhāsitaṃ, abhidhammabhājanīye kusalākusalanti evaṃ pāḷiyaṃ vuttānaṃ eva vasena pañca dhammā veditabbā. Tattha <a name="M2.0082"></a> maggo sampāpako, bhāsitaṃ ñāpako, itaraṃ nibbattakoti evaṃ tividho hetu veditabbo. Ettha ca kiriyānaṃ avipākatāya dhammabhāvo na vutto. Yadi evaṃ vipākā na hontīti atthabhāvopi na vattabbo? Na, paccayuppannabhāvato. Evaṃ sati kusalākusalānampi atthabhāvo āpajjatīti ce? Nāyaṃ doso appaṭisiddhattā. Vipākassa pana padhānahetutāya pākaṭabhāvato dhammabhāvo eva tesaṃ vutto. Kiriyānaṃ paccayabhāvato dhammabhāvo āpajjatīti ce? Nāyaṃ doso appaṭisiddhattā. Kammaphalasambandhassa pana hetubhāvassābhāvato dhammabhāvo na vutto. Apica ‘‘ayaṃ imassa paccayo, ayaṃ paccayuppanno’’ti etaṃ bhedamakatvā kevalaṃ kusalākusale, vipākakiriyādhamme ca paccavekkhantassa dhammatthapaṭisambhidā hontīti tesaṃ atthadhammatā na vuttāti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ayameva hi attho</span>ti yvāyaṃ atthadhammānaṃ pañcadhā vibhajanavasena attho vutto, ayameva abhidhamme vibhajitvā dassitoti sambandho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Dhammaniruttābhilāpe’’ti ettha dhamma-saddo sabhāvavācakoti katvā āha <span class="bld">‘‘sabhāvaniruttī’’</span>ti, aviparītaniruttīti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘abyabhicārī vohāro’’</span>ti, tassa tassa atthassa bodhane paṭiniyatasambandho saddavohāroti attho. <span class="bld">Tadabhilāpe</span>ti tassa sabhāvaniruttisaññitassa <a name="V2.0078"></a> abyabhicārivohārassa abhilāpane. Sā panāyaṃ sabhāvanirutti māgadhabhāsā. Atthato nāmapaññattīti ācariyā. Apare pana yadi sabhāvanirutti paññattisabhāvā, evaṃ sati paññatti abhilapitabbā, na vacananti āpajjati. Na ca vacanato aññaṃ abhilapitabbaṃ uccāretabbaṃ atthi. Atha phassādivacanehi bodhetabbaṃ abhilapitabbaṃ, evañca sati atthadhammānampi bodhetabbattā tesampi niruttibhāvo āpajjati. Phassoti ca sabhāvanirutti, phassaṃ phassāti na sabhāvaniruttīti dassitovāyamattho. Na ca avacanaṃ evaṃpakāraṃ atthi. Tasmā vacanabhūtāya eva tassā sabhāvaniruttiyā abhilāpe uccāraṇeti attho daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Taṃ sabhāvaniruttisaddaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā paccavekkhantassa tasmiṃ sabhāvaniruttābhilāpe pabhedagataṃ ñāṇaṃ <span class="bld">niruttipaṭisambhidā,</span> ‘‘evamayaṃ niruttipaṭisambhidā saddārammaṇā <a name="M2.0083"></a> nāma jātā, na paññattiārammaṇā’’ti (vibha. aṭṭha. 718) ca aṭṭhakathāyaṃ vuttattā niruttisaddārammaṇāya sotaviññāṇavīthiyā parato manodvāre niruttipaṭisambhidā pavattatīti vadanti. ‘‘Niruttipaṭisambhidā paccuppannārammaṇā’’ti (vibha. 749) ca vacanasaddaṃ gahetvā pacchā jānanaṃ sandhāya vuttanti. Evaṃ pana aññasmiṃ paccuppannārammaṇe aññaṃ paccuppannārammaṇaṃ vuttanti āpajjati. Yathā pana dibbasotañāṇaṃ manussādisaddabhedanicchayassa paccayabhūtaṃ taṃtaṃsaddavibhāvakaṃ, evaṃ sabhāvāsabhāvaniruttinicchayassa paccayabhūtaṃ paccuppannasabhāvaniruttisaddārammaṇaṃ taṃvibhāvakaṃ ñāṇaṃ niruttipaṭisambhidāti vuccamāne na koci pāḷivirodho. ‘‘Taṃ sabhāvaniruttisaddaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā paccavekkhantassā’’ti ca ‘‘paccuppannasaddārammaṇaṃ paccavekkhaṇaṃ pavattentassā’’ti na nasakkā vattuṃ. Tañhi ñāṇaṃ sabhāvaniruttiṃ vibhāventameva taṃtaṃsaddapaccavekkhaṇānantaraṃ taṃtaṃpabhedanicchayahetubhāvato niruttiṃ bhindantaṃ paṭivijjhantameva uppajjatīti pabhedagatampi hotīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbattha ñāṇa</span>nti sabbasmiṃ visaye ñāṇaṃ, sabbampi ñāṇanti adhippāyo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ñāṇārammaṇaṃ ñāṇa’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Sabbatthā</span>ti vā sabbesu atthādīsu, tīsu, catūsupi vā pavattattā, kusalakiriyābhūtāya paṭibhānapaṭisambhidāya dhammatthabhāvato tīsu eva vā pavattattā ‘‘sabbattha ñāṇa’’nti vuttaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yathāvuttesu vā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">sagocarakiccādivasenā</span>ti sagocarassa, kiccādikassa ca vasena ‘‘idaṃ ñāṇaṃ idaṃ nāma ārammaṇaṃ katvā pavattaṃ iminā nāma <a name="V2.0079"></a> kiccenā’’ti jānanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena lakkhaṇapaccupaṭṭhānapadaṭṭhānabhūmiādīnaṃ saṅgaho. Tenevāha ‘‘imāni ñāṇāni idamatthajotakānī’’tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para429"></a><span class="paranum">429</span>. <span class="bld">Pabhedaṃ gacchantī</span>ti anekabhedabhinnesu ārammaṇesu tesaṃ yāthāvato taṃtaṃpabhedāvabodhanasamatthataṃ upagacchanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Mahāsāvakānañca asekkhabhūmiyaṃ pabhedaṃ gatāti sāmaññavidhinā dassitamatthaṃ apavādena nivattetuṃ <span class="bld">ānandatthera</span>-ggahaṇaṃ kataṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Etā</span> paṭisambhidā. Sekkhabhūmiyaṃ pabhedagamanaṃ appavisayaṃ, asekkhabhūmiyaṃ bahuvisayanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘adhigamo nāma arahattappattī’’</span>ti, sātisayaṃ vā adhigamaṃ sandhāya evaṃ vuttaṃ. Sekkhena pattānampi hi imāsaṃ arahattappattiyā visadabhāvādhigamoti<a name="M2.0084"></a>. Pubbayogo viya pana arahattappatti arahatopi paṭisambhidāvisadatāya paccayo na na hotīti pañcannampi yathāyogaṃ sekkhāsekkhapaṭisambhidāvisadatāya kāraṇatā yojetabbā. Atthadhammādīnaṃ anavasesasaṅgaṇhanato buddhavacanavisayā eva pariyattiādayo dassitā. Pāḷiyā sajjhāyo <span class="bld">pariyāpuṇanaṃ,</span> tadatthasavanaṃ <span class="bld">savanaṃ,</span> parito sabbaso ñātuṃ icchā <span class="bld">paripucchā</span>ti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pāḷiaṭṭhakathādīsu gaṇṭhipadaatthapadavinicchayakathā’’</span>ti, padatthato, adhippāyato ca duviññeyyaṭṭhānaṃ vitthārato sanniṭṭhānakathāti attho. Yassa hi padassa attho duviññeyyo, taṃ <span class="bld">gaṇṭhipadaṃ,</span> yassa adhippāyo duviññeyyo, taṃ <span class="bld">atthapadaṃ. Ādi</span>-saddena khandhādipaṭisaṃyutte kathāmagge saṅgaṇhāti. Bhāvanānuyogasahitaṃ gataṃ, paccāgatañca etassa atthīti gatapaccāgatiko, tassa bhāvo, tena <span class="bld">gatapaccāgatikabhāvena</span>. Vasanaṭṭhānato yāva gocaragāmo, tato ca yāva vasanaṭṭhānaṃ kammaṭṭhānānuyuttoti attho. <span class="bld">Yāva anulomagotrabhusamīpa</span>nti saṅkhārupekkhāñāṇamāha. Tañhi tesaṃ samīpappavattaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Satthesū</span>ti anavajjesu sattānaṃ hitasukhāvahesu ganthesu. Tathā <span class="bld">sippāyatanesū</span>ti etthāpi. Pubbakāle ekasatarājūnaṃ desabhāsā <span class="bld">ekasatavohārā</span>. Dhammapade (dha. pa. 1 ādayo) yamakavaggo <span class="bld">opammavaggo</span>ti vadanti, mūlapaṇṇāse (ma. ni. 1.325 ādayo; 439 ādayo) yamakavaggo <span class="bld">opammavaggo</span> evāti apare. <span class="bld">Sutapaṭibhānabahulāna</span>nti bahussutānaṃ paṭibhānavantānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbānī</span>ti <a name="V2.0080"></a> pubbe vuttāni pañca, pacchā vuttāni aṭṭhapi vā. Sekkhaphalavimokkhapariyosāne bhavā <span class="bld">sekkhaphalavimokkhantikā</span>. Ṭhānāṭhānañāṇabalādīni sabbabuddhaguṇesu sakiccato pākaṭatarānīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘dasa balāni viyā’’</span>ti, aññe vā sabbaññutaññāṇādayopi sabbe bhagavato guṇavisesā <span class="bld">asekkhaphalavimokkhantikā</span> eva.</p>
<p class="subhead">Paññābhūmi-mūla-sarīravavatthānavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para430"></a><span class="paranum">430</span>. <span class="bld">Imāya paññāyā</span>ti vipassanāpaññāya. <span class="bld">Bhūmi</span> sallakkhaṇādiggahaṇavasena pavattiṭṭhānabhāvato. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena āhārādīnaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. Kasmā panete evaṃ bahudhammā bhūmibhāvena gayhanti, nanu khandhādīsu ekenāpi <a name="M2.0085"></a> atthasiddhi hotīti? Na, tividhasattānuggahatthaṃ khandhādittayaggahaṇaṃ kattabbaṃ, aññathā sabbasādhāraṇo anuggaho na kato siyā. Tividhā hi sattā rūpasammūḷhā arūpasammūḷhā ubhayasammūḷhāti. Tesu ye arūpasammūḷhā, tadatthaṃ khandhānaṃ gahaṇaṃ arūpadhammānaṃ catudhā vibhattattā. Ye rūpasammūḷhā, tadatthaṃ āyatanānaṃ rūpadhammānaṃ addhekādasadhā vibhattattā. Ye pana ubhayasammūḷhā, tadatthaṃ dhātūnaṃ ubhayesampi vibhattattā. Tathā indriyabhedena tikkhindriyā majjhimindriyā mudindriyā, saṃkhittarucī majjhimarucī vitthārarucīti ca tividhā sattā, tesampi atthāya yathākkamaṃ khandhādiggahaṇaṃ katanti yojetabbaṃ. Indriyaggahaṇaṃ pana kāmaṃ ete dhammā issarā viya sahajātadhammesu issariyaṃ ādhipaccaṃ pavattenti, taṃ pana nesaṃ dhammasabhāvasiddhaṃ, na ettha kassaci vasībhāvo ‘‘suññā ete avasavattino’’ti anattalakkhaṇassa sukhaggahaṇatthaṃ. Taṃ panetaṃ catubbidhampi pavattinivattitadubhayahetuvasena diṭṭhameva upakārāvahaṃ, na aññathāti saccādidvayaṃ gahitaṃ. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena gahitadhammesupi ayaṃ nayo netabbo. <span class="bld">Mūlaṃ</span> patiṭṭhābhāvato. Sati hi sīlavisuddhiyaṃ, cittavisuddhiyañca ayaṃ paññā mūlajātā hoti, nāsatīti. <span class="bld">Sarīraṃ</span> paribrūhetabbato. Imissā hi paññāya santānavasena pavattamānāya pādapāṇisīsaṭṭhāniyā diṭṭhivisuddhiādikā imā pañca visuddhiyo avayavena samudāyūpalakkhaṇanayena ‘‘sarīra’’nti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para431"></a><span class="paranum">431</span>. <span class="bld">Pañca khandhā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">pañcā</span>ti gaṇanaparicchedo, tena na tato heṭṭhā, na uddhanti dasseti. <span class="bld">Khandhā</span>ti paricchinnadhammanidassanaṃ. Yasmā cettha khandha-saddo rāsaṭṭho ‘‘mahāudakakkhandho’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 4.51; 6.37) viya, tasmā atītādivibhāgabhinnaṃ <a name="V2.0081"></a> sabbaṃ rūpaṃ rāsivasena buddhiyā ekajjhaṃ gahetvā ‘‘rūpameva khandho rūpakkhandho’’ti samānādhikaraṇasamāso daṭṭhabbo. ‘‘Tīhi khandhehi iṇaṃ dassāmā’’tiādīsu viya koṭṭhāsaṭṭhe pana khandha-sadde nibbānassāpi khandhantarabhāvo āpajjatīti? Nāpajjati atītādivibhāgābhāvato. Na hi ekassa niccassa sato nibbānassa atītādivibhāgo atthīti. Paṭhamenatthena rūparāsīti attho, dutiyena rūpakoṭṭhāsoti. <span class="bld">Vedanākkhandho</span>tiādīsupi eseva nayo. Kasmā panete khandhā pañceva vuttā iminā eva ca kamenāti? Bhājanabhojanabyañjanabhattakārakabhuñjakavikappadassanato<a name="M2.0086"></a>, yathoḷārikayathāsaṃkilesūpadesato cāti veditabbaṃ. Vivādamūlahetubhāvaṃ saṃsārahetutaṃ, kammahetutañca cintetvā vedanāsaññā saṅkhārakkhandhato nīharitvā visuṃ khandhabhāvena desitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Rūpakkhandhakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para432"></a><span class="paranum">432</span>. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti tesu pañcasu khandhesu. <span class="bld">Yaṃ kiñcī</span>ti anavasesapariyādānaṃ. <span class="bld">Ruppanalakkhaṇa</span>nti atippasaṅganiyamanaṃ. Yaṃ-saddena hi sanipātena kiṃ-saddena ca gahitena aniyamatthatāya atippasaṅge āpanne taṃ ruppanasaddo nivatteti, tena rūpassa anavasesapariggaho kato hoti. <span class="bld">Sītādīhī</span>ti sītuṇhajighacchāpipāsādīhi. Hetuatthe cetaṃ karaṇavacanaṃ. Ruppanaṃ lakkhaṇaṃ etassāti <span class="bld">ruppanalakkhaṇaṃ</span>. Dhammo eva <span class="bld">dhammajātaṃ</span>. Ruppanañcettha sītādivirodhipaccayasannipāte visadisuppatti. Nanu ca arūpadhammānampi virodhipaccayasamāgame visadisuppatti labbhatīti? Saccaṃ labbhati, na pana vibhūtataraṃ. Vibhūtataraṃ hettha ruppanaṃ adhippetaṃ sītādiggahaṇato. Yadi evaṃ, kathaṃ brahmaloke rūpasamaññā? Tatthāpi taṃsabhāvānativattanato hotiyeva rūpasamaññā, anuggāhakapaccayavasena vā. Virodhipaccayasannipāte yo attano santāne bhinne bhijjamānasseva visadisuppattihetubhāvo, taṃ ruppananti aññe. Imasmiṃ pakkhe rūpayati vikāraṃ āpādetīti rūpaṃ, purimapakkhe pana ruppatīti. Saṅghaṭṭanena vikārāpattiyaṃ ruppanasaddo niruḷhoti keci. Imasmiṃ pakkhe arūpadhammesu rūpasamaññāya pasaṅgo eva natthi saṅghaṭṭanābhāvato. Paṭighāto ruppananti apare. <span class="bld">Sabbaṃ taṃ ekato katvā</span>ti rāsaṭṭhaṃ hadaye ṭhapetvā vadati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhūtopādāyabhedato</span>ti <a name="V2.0082"></a> ettha tadadhīnavuttitāya bhavati ettha upādāyarūpanti <span class="bld">bhūtaṃ</span>. Bhūtāni upādiyateva, na pana sayaṃ tehi, aññehi vā upādīyatīti <span class="bld">upādāyaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāmaṃ catudhātuvavatthāne vacanatthāditopi bhūtāni vibhāvitāneva, sabhāvadhammānaṃ pana lakkhaṇādivibhāvanāti katvā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘lakkhaṇarasapaccupaṭṭhānāni catudhātuvavatthāne vuttānī’’</span>ti. Tattha padaṭṭhānassa avuttattā āha <span class="bld">‘‘padaṭṭhānato panā’’</span>tiādi. Avacanañca tassa tassatthassa paccayatoti ettha pakārantarena vibhāvitattāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbāpī</span>ti catassopi dhātuyo. Āposaṅgahitāya tejonupālitāya vāyovitthambhitāya <a name="M2.0087"></a> eva pathavīdhātuyā pavatti, na aññathāti sā sesabhūtattayapadaṭṭhānā, evamitarāpīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘avasesadhātuttayapadaṭṭhānā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Catuvīsatividha</span>nti gaṇanaparicchedo balarūpādīnaṃ paṭisedhanattho. Tattha yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ parato āvi bhavissati. Cakkhatīti <span class="bld">cakkhu,</span> viññāṇādhiṭṭhitaṃ rūpaṃ assādentaṃ viya hotīti attho. <span class="bld">Cakkhatī</span>ti hi ayaṃ <span class="bld">cakkhati</span>-saddo ‘‘madhuṃ cakkhati, byañjanaṃ cakkhatī’’tiādīsu viya assādanattho. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘cakkhuṃ kho, māgaṇḍiya, rūpārāmaṃ rūparataṃ rūpasamudita’’nti (ma. ni. 2.209). Aṭṭhakathāyampi vuccati ‘‘rūpesu āviñchanarasa’’nti (visuddhi. 2.433; dha. sa. aṭṭha. 600). Satipi sotādīnaṃ saddārammaṇādibhāve niruḷhattā dassane eva cakkhu-saddo pavattati padumādīsu paṅkajādisaddā viyāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Atha vā <span class="bld">cakkhatī</span>ti viññāṇādhiṭṭhitaṃ samavisamaṃ ācikkhantaṃ viya abhibyattaṃ vadantaṃ viya hotīti attho. Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ pana ‘‘vibhāveti cā’’ti (mahāni. aṭṭha. 13; vibha. aṭṭha. 154) vuttaṃ. Taṃ anekatthattā dhātūnaṃ vibhāvanatthatāpi cakkhati-saddassa sambhavatīti katvā vuttaṃ. Suṇāti etena, viññāṇādhiṭṭhitaṃ sayaṃ vā suṇātīti <span class="bld">sotaṃ</span>. Ghāyati etena, sayaṃ vā ghāyatīti <span class="bld">ghānaṃ</span>. Rasaggahaṇamūlakattā ajjhoharaṇassa jīvitanimittaṃ āhāraraso jīvitaṃ, tasmiṃ ninnatāya taṃ avhāyatīti <span class="bld">jivhā</span> niruttinayena. Kucchitānaṃ sāsavadhammānaṃ āyo uppattiṭṭhānanti <span class="bld">kāyo</span> anuttariyahetubhāvaṃ anāgacchantesu kāmarāganidānakammajanitesu, kāmarāgassa ca visesapaccayesu ghānajivhākāyesu kāyassa visesato sāsavapaccayattā. Tena hi phoṭṭhabbasukhaṃ assādentā sattā methunampi sevanti. Kāyindriyavatthukā vā cattāro khandhā balavakāmāsavādihetubhāvato visesena sāsavāti kucchitānaṃ sāsavadhammānaṃ āyoti <span class="bld">kāyo</span> vutto. Vaṇṇavikāraṃ āpajjamānaṃ hadayaṅgatabhāvaṃ rūpayatīti <span class="bld">rūpaṃ,</span> rūpamiva pakāsaṃ karoti saviggahamiva <a name="V2.0083"></a> dassetīti attho. Anekatthattā vā dhātūnaṃ pakāsanattho eva rūpasaddo daṭṭhabbo. Sappatīti <span class="bld">saddo,</span> udāharīyati, sakehi vā paccayehi sappīyati sotaviññeyyabhāvaṃ upanīyatīti attho. Gandhayatīti <span class="bld">gandho,</span> attano vatthuṃ sūcayati apākaṭaṃ ‘‘idaṃ sugandhaṃ, duggandha’’nti pakāseti<a name="M2.0088"></a>, paṭicchannaṃ vā pupphaphalādiṃ ‘‘idamettha atthī’’ti pesuññaṃ karontaṃ viya hotīti attho. Rasanti taṃ sattāti <span class="bld">raso,</span> asādentīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Itthiyāva indriyaṃ <span class="bld">itthindriyaṃ,</span> tathā <span class="bld">purisindriyaṃ</span>. Jīvanti tena sahajātadhammāti jīvitaṃ, tadeva indriyaṃ <span class="bld">jīvitindriyaṃ</span>. Hadayañca taṃ vatthu ca, hadayassa vā manoviññāṇassa vatthu <span class="bld">hadayavatthu</span>. Copanakāyabhāvato kāyo ca so adhippāyaviññāpanato viññatti cāti <span class="bld">kāyaviññatti</span>. Copanavācābhāvato, adhippāyaviññāpanato ca vacī ca sā viññatti cāti <span class="bld">vacīviññatti</span>. Viggahābhāvato na kassati, kasituṃ chindituṃ na sakkā, na vā kāsati dibbatīti akāsaṃ, akāsameva ākāsaṃ, tadeva nissattanijjīvaṭṭhena <span class="bld">ākāsadhātu. Rūpassā</span>ti nipphannarūpassa. Lahubhāvo <span class="bld">lahutā</span>. Sayaṃ anipphannatāya ‘‘rūpassā’’ti visesitaṃ. Esa nayo sesesupi. Ayaṃ pana viseso – kammani sādhu kammaññaṃ, tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">kammaññatā</span>. Paṭhamaṃ, upari ca cayo pavatti <span class="bld">upacayo</span>. Pubbāparavasena sambandhā tati pavatti <span class="bld">santati</span>. Aniccassa vināsino bhāvo <span class="bld">aniccatā</span>. Kabalaṃ karīyatīti <span class="bld">kabaḷīkāro</span>. Āharatīti <span class="bld">āhāro</span>. Evaṃ tāva upādāyarūpaṃ saddatthato veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kamato pana sabbesaṃ rūpadhammānaṃ nissayabhāvena mūlabhūtattā paṭhamaṃ bhūtarūpāni uddiṭṭhāni. Itaresu ajjhattikabhāvena attabhāvasamaññāya mūlabhāvato cakkhādīni pañca ādito uddiṭṭhāni. Tesaṃ visayīnaṃ ime visayāti dassetuṃ rūpādīni cattāri uddiṭṭhāni. Phoṭṭhabbaṃ pana anupādārūpattā, bhūtaggahaṇena gahitattā ca idha na gahitaṃ. Svāyaṃ attabhāvo imehi ‘‘itthī’’ti vā ‘‘puriso’’ti vā saṅkhaṃ gacchatīti dassanatthaṃ tadanantaraṃ itthipurisindriyadvayaṃ uddiṭṭhaṃ. ‘‘Iminā jīvatī’’ti vohāraṃ labbhatīti dassanatthaṃ tato jīvitindriyaṃ. Tassa imaṃ nissāya viññāṇappavattiyaṃ attahitādisiddhīti dassanatthaṃ hadayavatthu. Tassa imāsaṃ vasena sabbe kāyavacīpayogāti dassanatthaṃ viññattidvayaṃ. Imāya rūpakāyassa paricchedo, añjaso cāti dassanatthaṃ ākāsadhātu. Imehissa sukhappavatti, uppattiādayo <a name="V2.0084"></a> cāti dassanatthaṃ lahutādayo. Sabbo cāyaṃ catusantatirūpasantāno iminā upatthambhīyatīti dassanatthaṃ ante kabaḷīkāro āhāro uddiṭṭhoti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para433"></a><span class="paranum">433</span>. Idāni <a name="M2.0089"></a> yathāuddiṭṭhāni upādārūpāni lakkhaṇādito niddisituṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tattha rūpābhighātārahabhūtappasādalakkhaṇa’’</span>ntiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">tatthā</span>ti tesu upādārūpesu. Rūpe, rūpassa vā abhighāto rūpābhighāto, taṃ arahatīti rūpābhighātāraho, rūpābhighāto hotu vā mā vā evaṃsabhāvo catunnaṃ bhūtānaṃ pasādo <span class="bld">rūpābhighātārahabhūtappasādo,</span> evaṃlakkhaṇaṃ cakkhūti attho. Yasmā paccayantarasahito eva cakkhupasādo rūpābhihananavasena pavattati, na kevalo. Tasmā taṃsabhāvatāva pamāṇaṃ, na rūpābhighātoti dassanatthaṃ rūpābhighātārahatā vuttā yathā vipākārahaṃ kusalākusalanti. Abhighāto ca visayavisayīnaṃ aññamaññaṃ abhimukhībhāvo yogyadesāvaṭṭhānaṃ abhighāto viyāti katvā. So rūpe cakkhussa, rūpassa vā cakkhumhi hoti. Tenāha ‘‘yaṃ cakkhu anidassanaṃ sappaṭighaṃ rūpamhi sanidassanamhi sappaṭighamhi paṭihaññi vā’’ti, ‘‘yamhi cakkhumhi anidassanamhi sappaṭighamhi rūpaṃ sanidassanaṃ sappaṭighaṃ paṭihaññi vā paṭihaññati vā’’ti (dha. sa. 597) ca ādi. Paripuṇṇāparipuṇṇāyatanattabhāvanibbattakassa kammassa nidānabhūtā kāmataṇhā, rūpataṇhā ca tadāyatanikabhavapatthanābhāvato daṭṭhukāmatādivohāraṃ arahatīti dutiyanayo sabbattha vutto. Tattha daṭṭhukāmatānidānakammaṃ samuṭṭhānaṃ etesanti <span class="bld">daṭṭhukāmatānidānakammasamuṭṭhānāni</span>. Evaṃvidhānaṃ bhūtānaṃ pasādo <span class="bld">daṭṭhukāmatā…pe… pasādo,</span> evaṃlakkhaṇaṃ cakkhu. Tassa tassa hi bhavassa mūlakāraṇabhūtā taṇhā tasmiṃ tasmiṃ bhave uppajjanārahāyatanavisayāpi nāma hotīti kāmataṇhādīnaṃ daṭṭhukāmatādivohārārahatā vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Daṭṭhukāmatā</span>ti hi daṭṭhumicchā, rūpataṇhāti attho. Ettha ca daṭṭhukāmatāya, sesānañca taṃtaṃattabhāvanibbattakakammāyūhanakkhaṇato sati purimanibbattiyaṃ vattabbaṃ natthi, asati pana maggena asamugghātitabhāvoyeva kāraṇanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Yato maggena asamucchinnaṃ kāraṇalābhe sati uppajjitvā attano phalassa paccayabhāvūpagamanato vijjamānamevāti uppannatā atthitā pariyāyehi vuccati ‘‘ariyaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ bhāvento ariyaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ bahulīkaronto uppannuppanne <a name="M2.0090"></a> pāpake akusale dhamme antarāyeva antaradhāpetī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.156), ‘‘santaṃ <a name="V2.0085"></a> vā ajjhattaṃ kāmacchandaṃ ‘atthi me ajjhattaṃ kāmacchando’ti pajānātī’’ti (dī. ni. 2.382; ma. ni. 1.115) ca evamādīsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rūpesu</span> puggalassa, viññāṇassa vā <span class="bld">āviñchanarasaṃ. Ādhārabhāvapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ</span> nissayapaccayabhāvato. <span class="bld">Daṭṭhukāmatānidānakammajabhūtapadaṭṭhānaṃ</span> yesaṃ bhūtānaṃ pasādo, tevassa āsannakāraṇanti katvā. Ettha ca taṃtaṃattabhāvanipphādakasādhāraṇakammavasena purimaṃ cakkhulakkhaṇaṃ vuttaṃ kāraṇavisesassa anāmaṭṭhattā. ‘‘Evarūpaṃ nāma me cakkhu hotū’’ti evaṃ nibbattitaāveṇikakammavasena dutiyanti vadanti. Satipi pana pañcannaṃ pasādabhāvasāmaññe savisayāvabhāsanasaṅkhātassa pasādabyāpārassa vasena purimaṃ vuttaṃ. Pasādakāraṇassa satipi kammabhāvasāmaññe, ekatte vā attano kāraṇabhedena bhedadassanavasena dutiyanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Sotādīnaṃ lakkhaṇādīsu vuttanayeneva attho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Etthāha – cakkhādīnaṃ indriyānaṃ kiṃ ekakammunā uppatti, udāhu nānākammunāti? Ubhayathāpīti porāṇā. Tattha nānākammunā tāva uppattiyaṃ cakkhādīnaṃ visese vattabbaṃ natthi kāraṇassa bhinnattā. Ekakammunā pana uppattiyaṃ kathaṃ nesaṃ visesoti? Kāraṇassa bhinnattā eva. Taṃtaṃbhavapatthanābhūtā hi taṇhā taṃtaṃbhavapariyāpannāyatanābhilāsatāya sayaṃ vicittarūpā upanissayabhāvena taṃtaṃbhavanibbattakakammassa vicittabhedataṃ vidahati. Yato tadāhitavisesaṃ taṃ tathārūpasamatthatāyogenānekarūpāpannaṃ viya anekaṃ visiṭṭhasabhāvaṃ phalaṃ nibbatteti. Na cettha samatthatā samatthabhāvato aññā veditabbā kāraṇavisesena āhitavisesassa visiṭṭhaphalanipphādanayogyatāmattato. Ayañca ekassapi kammassa anekindriyahetutāvisesayogo yuttito, āgamanato ca parato āgamissati. Apica ekasseva kusalacittassa soḷasādivipākacittanibbattihetutā vuccati. Lokepi ekasseva sālibījassa paripuṇṇāparipuṇṇataṇḍulaātaṇḍulaphalanibbattihetutā dissateva, kiṃ vā etāya yutticintāya. Yato kammaphalaṃ cakkhādīni, kammavipāko ca sabbaso buddhānaṃyeva ñāṇassa visayoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para434"></a><span class="paranum">434</span>. <span class="bld">Kecī</span>ti <a name="M2.0091"></a> mahāsaṅghikesu ekacce. Tesu hi <span class="bld">vasudhammo</span> evaṃ vadati ‘‘cakkhumhi tejo adhikaṃ, sote vāyu, ghāne pathavī, jivhāya āpo, kāye sabbepi samā’’ti. Cakkhādīsu tejādiadhikatā nāma tannissayabhūtānaṃ tadadhikatāyāti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘tejādhikānaṃ bhūtānaṃ</span> <a name="V2.0086"></a> <span class="bld">pasādo cakkhū’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Kāyo sabbesa</span>nti ko ettha viseso, nanu tejādiadhikānañca bhūtānaṃ pasādā sabbesaṃyevāti? Saccametaṃ, idaṃ pana ‘‘sabbesa’’nti vacanaṃ samānānanti imamatthaṃ dīpeti anuvattamānassa ekadesādhikabhāvassa nivāraṇavasena vuttattā. Tejādīnaṃ hi paccekaṃ adhikabhāve viya dvinnaṃ, tiṇṇaṃ vā adhikabhāvepi yathāvuttādhikabhāveneva ekakādivasena labbhamānāya omattatāyapi kāyappasādo na hotīti pākaṭoyamattho. Tasmā catunnampi bhūtānaṃ samabhāvena kāyappasādo hotīti sabbasaddo idha samabhāvadīpako daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Tejādīna</span>nti padīpasaṅkhātassa tejassa obhāsarūpena, vāyussa saddena, pathaviyā gandhena, kheḷasaṅkhātassa udakassa rasenāti purimavāde, pacchimavāde ca yathāyogaṃ taṃtaṃbhūtaguṇehi anuggayhabhāvato, rūpādīnaṃ gahaṇe upakāritabbatoti attho. Ālokādisahakārīkāraṇasahitānaṃyeva cakkhādīnaṃ rūpādiavabhāsanasamatthatā, vivarassa ca sotaviññāṇūpanissayabhāvo guṇoti tesaṃ laddhi. Tejādīnaṃ viya pana vivarassa bhūtabhāvābhāvato yathāyoga-ggahaṇaṃ. Atha vā rūpādayo viya vivarampi bhūtaguṇoti parādhippāye tejassa ālokarūpena, ākāsasaṅkhātassa vivarassa saddena, vāyussa gandhena, udakassa rasena, pathaviyā phoṭṭhabbenāti evaṃ yathāyogaṃ taṃtaṃbhūtaguṇehīti yojanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rūpādīnaṃ adhikabhāvadassanato</span>ti aggimhi rūpassa pabhassarassa, vāyumhi saddassa sabhāvena suyyamānassa, pathaviyā surabhiādino gandhassa, āpe ca rasassa madhurassāti imesaṃ visesayuttānaṃ dassanato ‘‘rūpādayo tesaṃ guṇā’’ti paṭhamavādī āhāti. Tasseva <span class="bld">‘‘iccheyyāmā’’</span>tiādinā uttaramāha. Imināva upāyena dutiyavādinopi niggaho hotīti. Atha vā rūpādivisesaguṇehi tejaākāsapathavīāpavāyūhi cakkhādīni katānīti vadantassa <span class="bld">kaṇādassa</span> vādaṃ uddharitvā <a name="M2.0092"></a> taṃ niggahetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘athāpi vadeyyu’’</span>ntiādi vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Āsave upalabbhamānopi gandho pathaviyā āposaṃyuttāya kappāsato visadisāyāti na kappāsagandhassa adhikabhāvāpattīti ce? Na, anabhibhūtattā. Āsave hi udakasaṃyuttā pathavī udakena abhibhūtā, na kappāsapathavīti tassa eva gandhena adhikena bhavitabbaṃ. Uṇhodakasaṃyutto ca aggi upalabbhanīyo mahantoti katvā tassa phasso viya vaṇṇopi pabhassaro upalabbheyyāti uṇhodake vaṇṇato agginā anabhisambandhassa sītodakassa vaṇṇo parihāyetha. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti etassa ubhayassa abhāvā. Tadabhāvena hi rūpādīnaṃ tejādivisesaguṇatā nivattitā. Tannivattanena ‘‘tejādīnaṃ guṇehi rūpādīhi anuggayhabhāvato’’ti idaṃ kāraṇaṃ nivattitanti evaṃ <a name="V2.0087"></a> paramparāya ubhayābhāvo visesaparikappanapahānassa kāraṇaṃ hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tasmā pahāyeta’’</span>ntiādi. Ekakalāpepi rūparasādayo visadisā, ko pana vādo nānākalāpe cakkhādayo bhūtavisesābhāvepīti dassetuṃ rūparasādinidassanaṃ vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadi bhūtaviseso natthi, kiṃ pana cakkhādivisesassa kāraṇanti taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ aññamaññassā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Ekampi kammaṃ pañcāyatanikattabhāvabhavappatthanānipphannaṃ cakkhādivisesahetutāya aññamaññassa asādhāraṇanti ca kammavisesoti ca vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Na hi taṃ yena visesena cakkhussa paccayo, teneva sotassa paccayo hoti indriyantarābhāvappattito. ‘‘Paṭisandhikkhaṇe mahaggatā cetanā kaṭattārūpānaṃ kammapaccayena paccayo’’ti (paṭṭhā. 2.12.78) vacanena paṭisandhikkhaṇe vijjamānānaṃ sabbesaṃ kaṭattārūpānaṃ ekā cetanā kammapaccayo hotīti viññāyati. Nānācetanāya hi tadā indriyuppattiyaṃ sati parittena ca mahaggatena ca kammunā nibbattitaṃ kaṭattārūpaṃ āpajjeyyāti. Na cekā paṭisandhi anekakammanibbattā hotīti siddhamekena kammena anekindriyuppatti hotīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para435"></a><span class="paranum">435</span>. Anallīno nissayo etassāti <span class="bld">anallīnanissayo,</span> rūpasaddasaṅkhāto visayo. Gandharasānaṃ nissayā ghānajivhānaṃ nissaye allīyantīti <a name="M2.0093"></a> te nissayavasena allīnā. Phoṭṭhabbaṃ sayaṃ kāyanissayaallīnaṃ bhūtattā. Aparo nayo – cakkhusotāni appattavisayaggāhakāni sāntare, adhike ca visaye viññāṇuppattihetubhāvato. Sotampi sampattavisayaggāhīti keci. Yadi sotaṃ sampattaggāhi, cittajo saddo sotaviññāṇassa ārammaṇaṃ na siyā. Na hi bahiddhā cittasamuṭṭhānānaṃ uppatti atthi. <span class="bld">Pāḷiya</span>ñca avisesena saddārammaṇassa sotaviññāṇārammaṇabhāvo vutto. Kiñca disādesavavatthānañca saddassa na siyā, attano visayipadesassa eva gahetabbato gandho viya. Tasmā yattha uppanno saddo, tattheva ṭhito. Sace sotapathe āpāthamāgacchati, nanu dūre ṭhitehi rajakādisaddā cirena suyyantīti? Na dūrāsannānaṃ yathāpākaṭe sadde gahaṇavisesato. Yathā hi dūrāsannānaṃ vacanasadde yathāpākaṭe gahaṇavisesato ākāravisesānaṃ aggahaṇaṃ, gahaṇañca hoti, evaṃ rajakādisaddepi āsannassa ādito pabhuti yāva avasānā kamena pākaṭībhūte, dūrassa ca avasāne, majjhe vā piṇḍavasena pavattipākaṭībhūte nicchayaggahaṇānaṃ sotaviññāṇavīthiyā parato pavattānaṃ visesato lahukaṃ suto ‘‘cirena suto’’ti adhimāno hoti. So pana saddo yattha uppanno, tannissitova attano vijjamānakkhaṇe sotassa āpāthamāgacchati<a name="V2.0088"></a>. Yadi saddassa bhūtaparamparāya samantato pavatti natthi, kathaṃ paṭighosuppattīti? Dūre ṭhitopi saddo aññattha paṭighosuppattiyā, bhājanādicalanassa ca ayokanto viya ayocalanassa paccayo hotīti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para436"></a><span class="paranum">436</span>. Pubbe lakkhaṇādinā vibhāvitampi cakkhuṃ ṭhitaṭṭhānādito vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘cakkhu cetthā’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha cakkhu sādhayamānaṃ tiṭṭhatīti sambandho. <span class="bld">Ca</span>-kāro byatirekattho, tenassa vuccamānameva visesaṃ joteti. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti etesu yathāniddiṭṭhesu pañcasu upādārūpesu. <span class="bld">‘‘Sarīrasaṇṭhānuppattidese’’</span>ti etena avasesaṃ kaṇhamaṇḍalaṃ paṭikkhipati. Snehamiva <span class="bld">satta akkhipaṭalāni byāpetvā</span> ṭhitāheva attano nissayabhūtāhi <span class="bld">catūhi dhātūhi katūpakāraṃ</span> tannissiteheva āyuvaṇṇādīhi anupālitaṃ parivāritaṃ tisantatirūpasamuṭṭhāpakehi <span class="bld">utucittāhārehi</span> <a name="M2.0094"></a> <span class="bld">upatthambhiyamānaṃ tiṭṭhati</span>. Sattaakkhipaṭalabyāpanavacaneneva cakkhussa anekakalāpagatabhāvaṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Pamāṇato ūkāsiramatta</span>nti ūkāsiramatte padese pavattanato vuttaṃ. Cakkhuviññāṇassa <span class="bld">vatthubhāvaṃ</span> nissayabhāvato āvajjanasampaṭicchanādīnaṃ tadārammaṇāvasānānaṃ <span class="bld">dvārabhāvaṃ</span> samavasaraṭṭhānato. Taṃ panetaṃ cakkhu adhiṭṭhānabhedato, tatthāpi paccekaṃ anekakalāpagatabhāvato anekampi samānaṃ sāmaññaniddesena āvajjanāya ekattā, ekasmiṃ khaṇe ekasseva ca kiccakarattā ekaṃ katvā vuttaṃ. Evampi bahūsu kathamekasseva kiccakarattaṃ. Yaṃ tattha visadaṃ hutvā rūpābhighātārahaṃ, taṃ viññāṇassa nissayo hotīti gahetabbaṃ. Phoṭṭhabbaviseso viya kāyaviññāṇassa ārammaṇabhāve.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Manupassatī</span>ti <span class="bld">ma</span>-kāro padasandhikaro, atha vā <span class="bld">manū</span>ti macco.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aṅgulivedhakaṃ</span> aṅgulīyakaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Visamajjhāsayatāya cakkhu vammikachiddābhiratasappo viya, bilajjhāsayatāya sotaṃ udakabilābhiratakumbhīlo viya, ākāsajjhāsayatāya ghānaṃ ajaṭākāsābhiratapakkhī viya, gāmajjhāsayatāya jivhā gāmābhiratakukkuro viya, upādinnakajjhāsayatāya kāyo āmakasusānābhiratasiṅgālo viya passitabboti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘vammi…pe… daṭṭhabbā’’</span>ti āha. Visamajjhāsayatā ca cakkhussa visamajjhāsayaṃ viya hotīti katvā vuttā, cakkhumato vā puggalassa <a name="V2.0089"></a> ajjhāsayavasena cakkhu visamajjhāsayaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Esa nayo sesesupi. Sabbopi ca yathāvutto papañco sotādīsupi yathārahaṃ veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para437"></a><span class="paranum">437</span>. Cakkhumhi, cakkhussa vā paṭihananaṃ cakkhupaṭihananaṃ, taṃ lakkhaṇaṃ etassāti <span class="bld">cakkhupaṭihananalakkhaṇaṃ</span>. Paṭihananañcettha yathāvutto abhighātova. <span class="bld">Visayabhāvo</span> ārammaṇapaccayatā. Kāmaṃ sā eva gocaratā, tathāpi visayagocarānaṃ ayaṃ viseso – anaññatthabhāvo, tabbahulacāritā ca cakkhuviññāṇassa. Visayabhāve cassa yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ parato āvi bhavissati. <span class="bld">Yattha pana</span> kāyaviññattiādike.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para438"></a><span class="paranum">438</span>. Itthiyā <a name="M2.0095"></a> bhāvo, ‘‘itthī’’ti vā bhavati etena cittaṃ, abhidhānañcāti itthibhāvo, taṃ lakkhaṇaṃ etassāti <span class="bld">itthibhāvalakkhaṇaṃ</span>. Tato eva ‘‘itthī’’ti taṃsahitaṃ santānaṃ pakāsentaṃ viya hotīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘itthīti pakāsanarasa’’</span>nti. Vaṭṭaṃsatā avisadahatthapādāditā ca <span class="bld">itthiliṅgaṃ</span>. Thanamaṃsāvisadatā, nimmassudāṭhitā, kesabandhanaṃ, vatthaggahaṇañca ‘‘itthī’’ti sañjānanassa paccayabhāvato <span class="bld">itthinimittaṃ</span>. Daharakālepi suppakamusalakādīhi kīḷā, mattikatakkena suttakantanādi ca <span class="bld">itthikuttaṃ,</span> itthikiriyāti attho. Avisadaṭṭhānagamanādiko ākāro <span class="bld">itthākappo</span>. Aparo nayo – itthīnaṃ muttakaraṇaṃ <span class="bld">itthiliṅgaṃ</span>. Sarādhippāyā <span class="bld">itthinimittaṃ</span>. Avisadaṭṭhānagamananisajjākhādanabhojanādikā <span class="bld">itthikuttaṃ</span>. Itthisaṇṭhānaṃ <span class="bld">itthākappo</span>. Imāni ca itthiliṅgādīni yathāsakaṃ kammādinā paccayena uppajjamānānipi yebhuyyena itthindriyasahite eva santāne taṃtadākārāni hutvā uppajjantīti itthindriyaṃ tesaṃ kāraṇanti katvā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘itthiliṅganimittakuttākappānaṃ kāraṇabhāvapaccupaṭṭhāna’’</span>nti. Itthiliṅgādīsu eva ca kāraṇabhāvasaṅkhātena adhipatibhāvena tassa indriyatā vuttā, indriyasahite santāne itthiliṅgādiākārarūpapaccayānaṃ aññathā anuppādanato, itthiggahaṇassa ca tesaṃ rūpānaṃ paccayabhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā pana bhāvadasakepi rūpānaṃ itthindriyaṃ na janakaṃ, nāpi anupālakaṃ, upatthambhakaṃ vā, na ca aññesaṃ kalāparūpānaṃ, tasmā taṃ jīvitindriyaṃ viya sakalāparūpānaṃ, āhāro viya vā kalāpantararūpānañca ‘‘indriyaatthiavigatapaccayo’’ti pāḷiyaṃ na vuttaṃ. Yasmā ca paccayantarādhīnāni liṅgādīni, tasmā yatthassa ādhipaccaṃ, taṃsadisesu matacittakatarūpesupi taṃsaṇṭhānatā dissati. Esa nayo purisindriyepi. Yaṃ panettha visadisaṃ, taṃ vuttanayānusārena veditabbaṃ<a name="V2.0090"></a>. Tayidaṃ dvayaṃ yasmā ekasmiṃ santāne saha na pavattati ‘‘yassa itthindriyaṃ uppajjati, tassa purisindriyaṃ uppajjatīti? No’’tiādi (yama. 3.indriyayamaka.188) vacanato, tasmā ubhatobyañjanakassāpi ekasmiṃ khaṇe ekameva hotīti veditabbaṃ. Ye pana ‘‘sarīrekadesavutti bhāvarūpa’’nti vadanti, tesampi taṃ micchāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tadubhayampi…pe… byāpakamevā’’</span>ti vatvā yadi evaṃ kāyappasādena saṅkaro siyāti āsaṅkaṃ nivattento <span class="bld">‘‘na ca kāyappasādenā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tassattho – yadipi <a name="M2.0096"></a> sakalasarīrabyāpitāya kāyappasādena aṭṭhitokāse ṭhitanti vattabbataṃ nāpajjati, tena pana bhinnanissayattā ṭhitokāse ṭhitantipi vattabbataṃ nāpajjatīti ayameva cettha nippariyāyakathā. <span class="bld">‘‘Rūparasādayo viyā’’</span>ti etena samānanissayesupi nāma <span class="bld">saṅkaro natthi</span> lakkhaṇabhedato, kimaṅgaṃ pana bhinnanissayasabhāvesūti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para439"></a><span class="paranum">439</span>. <span class="bld">Sahajarūpānupālanalakkhaṇa</span>nti attanā sahajātarūpānaṃ anupālanalakkhaṇaṃ. Jīvitindriyassa ekantakammajattā sahaja-ggahaṇeneva anupāletabbānampi kammajabhāvo siddhoti kammaja-ggahaṇaṃ na kataṃ. Yathāsakaṃ khaṇamattaṭṭhāyinopi kammajarūpassa pavattihetubhāvena taṃ anupālakaṃ, tasmā sahajarūpānupālanalakkhaṇaṃ. Na hi kammajānaṃ kammaṃyeva ṭhitihetu bhavituṃ arahati āhārajādīnaṃ āhārādi viya. Kiṃ kāraṇā? Taṅkhaṇābhāvato. <span class="bld">Tesa</span>nti sahajarūpānaṃ. <span class="bld">Pavattanaṃ</span> yāpanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ṭhapanaṃ</span> ṭhitihetutā. Attanā anupālanavasena yāpetabbāni pavattetabbāni bhūtāni etassa padaṭṭhānanti <span class="bld">yāpayitabbabhūtapadaṭṭhānaṃ. Anupālanalakkhaṇādimhī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena pavattanarasādimeva saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Atthikkhaṇeyevā</span>ti anupāletabbānaṃ atthikkhaṇeyeva. Asati anupāletabbe uppalādimhi kiṃ udakaṃ anupāleyya. Yadi kammajānaṃ ṭhitihetumantarena ṭhiti na hoti, jīvitindriyassa ko ṭhitihetūti āha <span class="bld">‘‘saya’’</span>ntiādi. Yadi kammajānaṃ ṭhānaṃ jīvitindriyapaṭibaddhaṃ, atha kasmā sabbakālaṃ na ṭhapetīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘na bhaṅgato’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Tassa tassa</span> anupālanādikassa <span class="bld">sādhanato</span>. Taṃ sādhanañca jīvamānatāvisesassa paccayabhāvato. Indriyabaddharūpassa hi matarūpato kammajassa, tadanubandhabhūtassa ca utusamuṭṭhānādito jīvitindriyakato viseso, na kevalaṃ khaṇaṭṭhitiyā eva, pabandhānupacchedassāpi jīvitindriyaṃ kāraṇanti daṭṭhabbaṃ, itarathā āyukkhayato maraṇaṃ na yujjeyyāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para440"></a><span class="paranum">440</span>. <span class="bld">Manodhātumanoviññāṇadhātūnaṃ nissayalakkhaṇaṃ hadayavatthū</span>ti kathametaṃ viññātabbanti? Āgamato, yuttito ca. ‘‘Yaṃ rūpaṃ nissāya manodhātu ca manoviññāṇadhātu ca <a name="V2.0091"></a> pavattanti, taṃ rūpaṃ manodhātuyā ca manoviññāṇadhātuyā ca taṃsampayuttakānañca dhammānaṃ nissayapaccayena paccayo’’ti <a name="M2.0097"></a> (paṭṭhā. 1.1.8) evamādi āgamo. Yadi evaṃ, kasmā rūpakaṇḍe taṃ na vuttanti? Tattha avacanaṃ aññakāraṇaṃ. Kiṃ pana tanti? Desanābhedo. Yathā hi cakkhuviññāṇādīni ekantato cakkhādinissayāni, na evaṃ manoviññāṇaṃ ekantena hadayavatthunissayaṃ. Nissitavasena ca vatthudukādidesanā pavattā ‘‘atthi rūpaṃ cakkhuviññāṇassa vatthu, atthi rūpaṃ cakkhuviññāṇassa na vatthū’’tiādinā (dha. sa. 584). Yampi ekantato hadayavatthunissayaṃ, tassa vasena ‘‘atthi rūpaṃ manoviññāṇassa vatthū’’tiādinā dukādīsu vuccamānesupi na tadanuguṇā ārammaṇadukādayo sambhavanti. Na hi ‘‘atthi rūpaṃ manoviññāṇassa ārammaṇaṃ, atthi rūpaṃ na manoviññāṇassa ārammaṇa’’nti sakkā vattunti vatthārammaṇadukā bhinnagatikā siyunti ekarasā desanā na bhaveyya. Ekarasañca desanaṃ desetuṃ idha satthu ajjhāsayo. Tasmā tattha hadayavatthu na vuttaṃ, na alabbhamānattāti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yutti pana evaṃ veditabbā – nipphannaupādāyarūpanissayaṃ dhātudvayaṃ pañcavokārabhave. Tattha rūpāyatanādīnaṃ, ojāya ca indriyabaddhato bahipi pavattidassanato na taṃnissayatā yujjati, itthipurisindriyānampi tadubhayarahitepi santāne dhātudvayadassanato na taṃnissayatā yujjati, jīvitindriyassāpi aññakiccaṃ vijjatīti na taṃnissayatā yujjati evāti pārisesato hadayavatthu, tesaṃ nissayoti viññāyati. Sakkā hi vattuṃ nipphannaupādāyarūpanissayaṃ dhātudvayaṃ pañcavokārabhave rūpapaṭibaddhavuttibhāvato. Yaṃ yañhi rūpapaṭibaddhavutti, taṃ taṃ nipphannaupādāyarūpanissayaṃ diṭṭhaṃ yathā ‘‘cakkhuviññāṇadhātū’’ti. ‘‘Pañcavokārabhave’’ti ca visesanaṃ manoviññāṇadhātuvasena kataṃ. Manodhātu pana catuvokārabhave nattheva. Nanu ca indriyanissayatāyapi sādhanato viruddho hetu āpajjatīti? Na diṭṭhabādhanato. Diṭṭhaṃ hetaṃ cakkhuviññāṇassa viya dhātudvayassa vatthuno mandatikkhādiananuvidhānaṃ. Tathā hissa pāḷiyaṃ indriyapaccayatā na vuttā. Tena tadanuvidhānasaṅkhātā indriyanissayatā bādhīyati. Hotu dhātudvayanissayo hadayavatthu, upādāyarūpañca, etaṃ pana kammasamuṭṭhānaṃ, paṭiniyatakiccaṃ, hadayapadese ṭhitamevāti kathaṃ viññāyatīti? Vuccate – vatthurūpabhāvato <span class="bld">kammasamuṭṭhānaṃ</span> cakkhu viya, tato eva <a name="M2.0098"></a> <span class="bld">paṭiniyatakiccaṃ,</span> vatthurūpabhāvatoti ca viññāṇanissayabhāvatoti attho. Aṭṭhiṃ katvā manasi katvā sabbacetasā samannāharitvā kiñci cintentassa hadayassa khijjanato tatthetamavaṭṭhitanti viññāyati. <span class="bld">Tāsaññeva dhātūna</span>nti manodhātumanoviññāṇadhātūnaṃyeva<a name="V2.0092"></a>. Nissayabhāvato upari āropetvā vahantaṃ viya paccupatiṭṭhatīti <span class="bld">ubbahanapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ</span>. Sesaṃ heṭṭhā vuttanayameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para441"></a><span class="paranum">441</span>. Abhikkamo ādi yesaṃ te abhikkamādī. Ādi-saddena paṭikkamasamiñjanapasāraṇaukkhepanaavekkhepanādikā sabbā kiriyā pariggayhati. Tesaṃ abhikkamādīnaṃ pavattakaṃ cittaṃ samuṭṭhānaṃ yassā sā <span class="bld">abhikkamādippavattakacittasamuṭṭhānā,</span> vāyodhātu. Tassā yaṃ sahajarūpakāyassa thambhanasandhāraṇacalanasaṅkhātaṃ kiccaṃ, tassa sahakārīkāraṇabhūto ākāraviseso kāyaviññatti nāmāti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘abhikkamādi…pe… kāyaviññattī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kassa pana ākāravikāroti? Sāmatthiyato vāyodhātuadhikānaṃ cittajamahābhūtānaṃ. Kiṃ taṃ sāmatthiyaṃ? Cittajatā, upādāyarūpatā ca. Atha vā vāyodhātuyā ākāravikāro sahaja…pe… paccayoti sambandhitabbaṃ. Yadi evaṃ viññattiyā upādāyarūpabhāvo na yujjati. Na hi upādāyarūpaṃ ekabhūtasannissayaṃ atthi. ‘‘Catunnaṃ mahābhūtānaṃ upādāyarūpa’’nti hi vuttaṃ, nāyaṃ doso catunnaṃ vikāro catūsu ekassāpi hoti catusādhāraṇadhanaṃ viya. Vāyodhātuadhikatāya ca kalāpassa ‘‘vāyodhātuyā’’ti vacanaṃ na virujjhati. Evaṃ adhikatā ca sāmatthiyato, na pamāṇato. Aññathā hi avinibbhogavuttitā na yujjeyya. Vāyodhātuyā evāti keci. Tesaṃ matena viññattiyā upādāyarūpatā durupapādā. Na hi ekassa vikāro catunnaṃ hoti. Sā panāyaṃ hatthacalanādīsu phandamānavaṇṇaggahaṇānantaramaviññāyamānantarena manodvārajavanena gayhati. Phandamānavaṇṇavinimutto koci vikāro atthi. Tassa ca taggahaṇānantaraṃ gahaṇaṃ hotīti kathametaṃ viññāyatīti adhippāyaggahaṇato. Na hi viññattivikārarahitesu rukkhacalanādīsu ‘‘idamesa kāreti maññe’’ti adhippāyaggahaṇaṃ <a name="M2.0099"></a> diṭṭhaṃ, hatthacalanādīsu pana diṭṭhaṃ. Tasmā phandamānavaṇṇavinimutto koci vikāro atthi adhippāyassa ñāpakoti viññāyati. Ñāpako ca hetu ñāpetabbamatthaṃ sayaṃ gahito eva ñāpeti, na vijjamānatāmattenāti vaṇṇaggahaṇānantaraṃ vikāraggahaṇampi anumānato viññāyati. Tathā hi vadanti –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Visayattamanāpannā, saddā nevatthabodhakā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Na sattāmattato atthe, te aññātā pakāsakā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadi <a name="V2.0093"></a> vikāraggahaṇameva kāraṇaṃ adhippāyaggahaṇassa, kasmā aggahitasaṅketānaṃ adhippāyaggahaṇaṃ na hotīti? Na kevalaṃ vikāraggahaṇameva adhippāyaggahaṇassa kāraṇaṃ, atha kho purimasiddhasambandhaggahaṇañca imassa upanissayoti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Thambhanasandhāraṇacalanāni viññattivikārasahitāya vāyodhātuyā hontīti vuttaṃ. Kiṃ sabbāva vāyodhātū sabbāni tāni karontīti? Nayidamevaṃ. Sattamajavanasambhūtā hi vāyodhātu purimajavanasambhūtā vāyodhātuyo upathambhakapaccaye labhitvā desantaruppattihetubhāvena calayati cittajarūpaṃ, na itarā. Itarā pana santhambhanasandhāraṇamattaṃ karontiyo tassā upakārāya honti. Desantaruppatti eva calananti nimitte ca kattubhāvo samāropitoti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Aññathā dhammānaṃ abyāpāratā, khaṇikatā ca na siyā. Sattahi yugehi ākaḍḍhitabbasakaṭamettha <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> nidassitaṃ. Cittajarūpe pana calante taṃsambandhatāya utukammāhārajarūpampi calati nadīsote pakkhittasukkhagomayapiṇḍaṃ viya phandamānavaṇṇaggahaṇānantaraṃ viññattiggahaṇassa vuttattā. Kiṃ calanakarā eva vāyodhātu viññattivikārasahitāti? Nayidamevaṃ, tathā calayitumasakkuṇantiyopi thambhanasandhāraṇamattakarā paṭhamajavanādisambhūtāpi vāyodhātuyo viññattivikārasahitā evāti gahetabbaṃ. Yena disābhāgenāyaṃ abhikkamādiṃ pavattetukāmo, tadabhimukhavikārasabbhāvato. Adhippāyasahabhāvī hi vikāro viññatti. Evañca katvā manodvārāvajjanassāpi viññattisamuṭṭhāpakavacanaṃ suṭṭhu yujjati. Yathāvuttavikāraggahaṇamukhena taṃsamaṅgino adhippāyo viññāyatīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘adhippāyappakāsanarasā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāyavipphandanassa <a name="M2.0100"></a> hetubhūtāya vāyodhātuyā vikārabhāvato pariyāyena viññatti <span class="bld">kāyavipphandanahetubhāvapaccupaṭṭhānā</span> vuttā. <span class="bld">Cittasamuṭṭhānavāyodhātupadaṭṭhānā</span>ti ca vāyodhātuyā kiccādhikatāya vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Kāyavipphandanena adhippāyaviññāpanahetuttā</span>ti kāyavipphandanena karaṇabhūtena adhippāyassa viññāpanahetubhāvato kāyaviññattīti vuccatīti sambandho. Ayañhettha attho – viññāpetīti viññatti. Kiṃ viññāpeti? Adhippāyaṃ. Kena? Kāyena. Kīdisena? Vipphandamānenāti. Dutiyanaye pana yathāvuttena kāyena viññāyatīti <span class="bld">kāyaviññatti</span>. Sesaṃ vuttanayameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atthāvabodhanasamattho vacīviseso <span class="bld">vacībhedo</span>. Tena vāyuvanappatinadīghosādiṃ nivatteti. Tassa pavattakaṃ cittaṃ samuṭṭhānaṃ yassā sā <span class="bld">vacībhedappavattakacittasamuṭṭhānā,</span> pathavīdhātu. Tassā yaṃ upādinnasaṅkhātassa <a name="V2.0094"></a> akkharuppattiṭṭhānassa ghaṭṭanasaññitaṃ kiccaṃ, tassa sahakārīkāraṇabhūto ākāraviseso vacīviññatti nāmāti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘vacībhe…pe… vacīviññattī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni ‘‘kassa pana ākāravikāro’’tiādi kāyaviññattiyaṃ vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ. Ayaṃ pana viseso – yathā tattha ‘‘phandamānavaṇṇaggahaṇānantara’’nti vuttaṃ, evamidha ‘‘suyyamānasaddasavanānantara’’nti yojetabbaṃ. Idha ca thambhanādīnaṃ abhāvato ‘‘sattamajavanasambhūtā’’tiādinayo na labbhati. Ghaṭṭanena hi saddhiṃ saddo uppajjati. Ghaṭṭanañca paṭhamajavanādīsupi labbhateva. <span class="bld">Ghaṭṭanaṃ</span> paccayavasena bhūtakalāpānaṃ aññamaññaṃ āsannataruppādo. <span class="bld">Calanaṃ</span> ekassāpi desantaruppādaparamparatāti ayametesaṃ viseso. Yathā ca vāyodhātuyā calanaṃ kiccaṃ, evaṃ pathavīdhātuyā ghaṭṭanaṃ. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘pathavīdhātuyā upādinnaghaṭṭanassa paccayo’’</span>ti. Sesaṃ vuttanayameva. <span class="bld">Yathā hī</span>tiādi kāyavacīviññattīnaṃ anumānavasena gahetabbabhāvavibhāvanaṃ. <span class="bld">Yathā hi ussāpetvā baddhagosīsādi</span>rūpāni disvā tadanantarappavattāya aviññāyamānantarāya manodvāravīthiyā gosīsādīnaṃ udakasahacārippakārasaññāṇākāraṃ gahetvā udakaggahaṇaṃ hoti, evaṃ vipphandamānasamuccāriyamānavaṇṇasadde gahetvā tadanantarapavattāya aviññāyamānantarāya manodvāravīthiyā purimasiddhasambandhagahaṇūpanissayasahitāya sādhippāyavikāraggahaṇaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para442"></a><span class="paranum">442</span>. Rūpāni <a name="M2.0101"></a> paricchindati, sayaṃ vā tehi paricchijjati, rūpānaṃ vā paricchedamattaṃ rūpaparicchedo, taṃ lakkhaṇaṃ etissāti <span class="bld">rūpaparicchedalakkhaṇā</span>. Ayaṃ hi ākāsadhātu taṃ taṃ rūpakalāpaṃ paricchindantī viya hoti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘rūpapariyantappakāsanarasā’’</span>ti. Atthato pana yasmā rūpānaṃ paricchedamattaṃ hutvā gayhati, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘rūpamariyādapaccupaṭṭhānā’’</span>ti. Yasmiṃ kalāpe bhūtānaṃ paricchedo, teheva <span class="bld">asamphuṭṭhabhāvapaccupaṭṭhānā</span>. Vijjamānepi hi kalāpantarabhūtānaṃ kalāpantarabhūtehi samphuṭṭhabhāve taṃtaṃbhūtavivittatā rūpapariyanto ākāsoti yesaṃ so paricchedo, tehi so asamphuṭṭhova. Aññathā paricchinnatā na siyā tesaṃ bhūtānaṃ byāpibhāvāpattito. Abyāpitā hi asamphuṭṭhatā. Tenāha bhagavā ‘‘asamphuṭṭhaṃ catūhi mahābhūtehī’’ti (dha. sa. 637, 724). Kaṇṇacchiddamukhavivarādivasena ca <span class="bld">chiddavivarabhāvapaccupaṭṭhānā vā</span>. Yesaṃ rūpānaṃ paricchedo, tattheva tesaṃ paricchedabhāvena labbhatīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘paricchinnarūpapadaṭṭhānā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">‘‘Yāya paricchinnesū’’</span>tiādinā ākāsadhātuyā taṃtaṃkalāpānaṃ kalāpantarehi asaṅkarakāraṇataṃ dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para443"></a><span class="paranum">443</span>. <span class="bld">Adandhatā</span>ti <a name="V2.0095"></a> agarutā. <span class="bld">Vinodanaṃ</span> vikkhipanaṃ, apanayananti attho. <span class="bld">Athaddhatā</span>ti akathinatā. Attano mudubhāveneva sabbakiriyāsu <span class="bld">avirodhitā</span>. Mudu hi katthaci na virujjhati. Tīsupi ṭhānesu paṭipakkhe <span class="bld">a</span>-kāro dandhatādihetūnaṃ paṭipakkhasamuṭṭhānattā lahutādīnanti keci. Apare pana ‘‘sattāpaṭisedhe’’ti vadanti. Sarīrena kattabbakiriyānaṃ anukūlatāsaṅkhātakammaññabhāvo lakkhaṇaṃ etissāti <span class="bld">sarīrakiriyānukūlakammaññabhāvalakkhaṇā</span>. Akammaññaṃ dubbalaṃ nāma hotīti kammaññatā <span class="bld">adubbalabhāvapaccupaṭṭhānā</span> vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Lahutādīnaṃ aññamaññāvijahanena duviññeyyanānattatā vuttāti taṃtaṃvikārādhikarūpehi taṃnānattappakāsanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ santepī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Dhātukkhobho</span> vātapittasemhapakopo, rasādidhātūnaṃ vā vikārāvatthā. Dvidhā vuttopi atthato pathavīdhātuādīnaṃ dhātūnaṃyeva vikāroti daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Paṭipakkhapaccayā</span> sappāyautuāhārāvikkhittacittatā. Te ca taṃtaṃvikārassa visesapaccayabhāvato vuttā, avisesena pana <a name="M2.0102"></a> sabbe sabbesaṃ paccayā. Yato nesaṃ aññamaññāvijahanaṃ, iddhivaḷañjanādīsu viya vasavattanaṃ <span class="bld">maddavappakāro. Suparimadditacammasudhantasuvaṇṇa</span>gahaṇañcettha mudukammaññasadisarūpanidassanamattaṃ, na taṃ idha adhippetaṃ mudutākammaññatāsabbhāvato. Na hi anindriyabaddharūpasantāne lahutādīni sambhavanti, indriyabaddhepi rūpabhave na santi dandhattakarādidhātukkhobhābhāvato. Sati hi tādise dhātukkhobhe tappaṭipakkhapaccayasamuṭṭhānāhi lahutādīhi bhavitabbanti keci, taṃ akāraṇaṃ. Na hi vūpasametabbapaccanīkāpekkho tabbirodhidhammasamuppādo, tathā sati sahetukakiriyacittuppādesu kāyalahutādīnaṃ abhāvova siyā. Kasmā pana kammajarūpesu lahutādayo na hontīti? Paccuppannapaccayāpekkhattā. Aññathā sabbadābhāvīhi lahutādīhi bhavitabbaṃ siyāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para444"></a><span class="paranum">444</span>. Ādi cayo, īsaṃ vā cayoti ācayo, yathāpaccayaṃ tato tato āgatassa viya cayoti vā ācayo, tadubhayaṃ ekajjhaṃ gahetvā ācayo lakkhaṇaṃ etassāti <span class="bld">ācayalakkhaṇo. Rūpassa upacayo</span> paṭhamuppādo, vaḍḍhi ca ‘‘upaññattaṃ upasitta’’ntiādīsu viya upa-saddassa paṭhamūpariatthassa nidassanato. <span class="bld">Pubbantato</span>ti pubbakoṭṭhāsato, anāgatabhāvatoti attho. Uppajjamāne rūpadhamme uppādo anāgatakkhaṇato ummujjāpento viya hotīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ummujjāpanaraso’’</span>ti. Tathā so ‘‘ime rūpadhammā’’ti niyyātento viya gayhatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘niyyātanapaccupaṭṭhāno’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Paripuṇṇabhāvapaccupaṭṭhānatā</span> ‘‘uparicayo upacayo’’ti imassa atthassa vasena <a name="V2.0096"></a> veditabbā. <span class="bld">Pavattilakkhaṇā</span>ti rūpānaṃ pavattananti lakkhitabbā. <span class="bld">Anuppabandhanarasā</span>ti pubbāparavasena anu anu pabandhanakiccā. Tato eva anupacchedavasena gahetabbato <span class="bld">anupacchedapaccupaṭṭhānā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ubhayampī</span>ti upacayo santatīti ubhayampi. <span class="bld">Jātirūpassevā</span>ti rūpuppādasseva <span class="bld">adhivacanaṃ</span>. Yadi evaṃ kasmā vibhajja vuttāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ākāranānattato’’</span>ti, jātirūpassa pavattiākārabhedatoti attho. Veneyyavasena vibhajjakathane kāraṇaṃ parato āvi bhavissati. Kathaṃ panetaṃ viññātabbaṃ, pavattiākāranānattato jātirūpassa bhedo, na sabhāvatoti<a name="M2.0103"></a>? Niddesatoti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘yasmā panā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">yo āyatanāna</span>nti yo aḍḍhekādasannaṃ rūpāyatanānaṃ ādicayattā <span class="bld">‘‘ācayo’’</span>ti vutto. <span class="bld">So</span> eva <span class="bld">upacayo</span> paṭhamuppādabhāvato upa-saddo paṭhamatthoti katvā. <span class="bld">Yo</span> pana tattheva uppajjamānānaṃ upari cayattā <span class="bld">upacayo, sā</span> eva <span class="bld">santati</span> anupabandhavasena uppattibhāvato. Atha vā <span class="bld">yo āyatanānaṃ ācayo</span> paṭhamabhāvena upalakkhito uppādo, so pana tattheva uppajjamānānaṃ upari cayattā <span class="bld">upacayo,</span> vaḍḍhīti attho. Upacayo vaḍḍhibhāvena upalakkhito uppādo, <span class="bld">sā</span> eva <span class="bld">santati</span> pabandhākārena uppattibhāvato. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘aṭṭhakathāyampī’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">evaṃ kiṃ kathita</span>nti ‘‘yo āyatanānaṃ ācayo’’tiādinā (dha. sa. 641) niddesena kiṃ atthajātaṃ kathitaṃ hoti? Āyatanena ācayo kathito. Ācayupacayasantatiyo hi nibbattibhāvena ācayo evāti āyatanehi ācayādīnaṃ pakāsitattā tehi ācayo kathito. Āyatanānaṃ ācayādivacaneneva ācayasabhāvāni uppādadhammāni āyatanānīti ācayena taṃpakatikaṃ āyatanaṃ kathitaṃ. Lakkhaṇañhi uppādo, na rūparūpanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rūpaparipāko</span> rūpadhammānaṃ jiṇṇatā. <span class="bld">Upanayanarasā</span>ti bhaṅgupanayanakiccā. <span class="bld">Sabhāvānapagamepī</span>ti kakkhaḷatādisabhāvassa avigamepi. Ṭhitikkhaṇe hi jarā, na ca tadā dhammo sabhāvaṃ vijahati nāma. <span class="bld">Navabhāvo</span> uppādāvatthā, tassa apagamabhāvena gayhatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘navabhāvāpagamapaccupaṭṭhānā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">‘‘Arūpadhammāna’’</span>nti idaṃ tesaṃ jarāya suṭṭhu paṭicchannatāya vuttaṃ. Rūpadhammānampi hi khaṇikajarā paṭicchannā eva, yā avīcijarātipi vuccati. <span class="bld">Esa vikāro</span>ti khaṇḍiccādivikāramāha. So hi arūpadhammesu na labbhati. Yā avīcijarā nāma, tassāpi <a name="V2.0097"></a> esa vikāro natthīti sambandhitabbaṃ. Natthi etissā jarāya vīcīti <span class="bld">avīcijarā,</span> navabhāvato duviññeyyantarajarāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Parito sabbaso ‘‘bhijjana’’nti lakkhitabbāti <span class="bld">paribhedalakkhaṇā</span>. Niccaṃ nāma dhuvaṃ, rūpaṃ pana khaṇabhaṅgitāya yena bhaṅgena na niccanti aniccaṃ, so aniccassa bhāvoti <span class="bld">aniccatā</span>. Sā pana yasmā ṭhitippattaṃ rūpaṃ vināsabhāvena <a name="M2.0104"></a> saṃsīdantī viya hotīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘saṃsīdanarasā’’</span>ti. Yasmā ca sā rūpadhammānaṃ bhaṅgabhāvato khayavayākāreneva gayhati, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘khayavayapaccupaṭṭhānā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para445"></a><span class="paranum">445</span>. <span class="bld">Ojālakkhaṇo</span>ti ettha aṅgamaṅgānusārino rasassa sāro upathambhabalakaro bhūtanissito eko viseso ojā. Kabaḷaṃ karīyatīti <span class="bld">kabaḷīkāro</span>. Āharīyatīti <span class="bld">āhāro,</span> kabaḷaṃ katvā ajjhoharīyatīti attho. Idaṃ pana savatthukaṃ ojaṃ dassetuṃ vuttaṃ. Bāhiraṃ āhāraṃ paccayaṃ labhitvā eva ajjhattikāhāro rūpaṃ uppādeti, so pana rūpaṃ āharatīti āhāro. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘rūpāharaṇaraso’’</span>ti. Tato eva ojaṭṭhamakarūpuppādanena imassa kāyassa <span class="bld">upathambhanapaccupaṭṭhāno</span>. Ojāya rūpāharaṇakiccaṃ bāhirādhīnanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘āharitabbavatthupadaṭṭhāno’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para446"></a><span class="paranum">446</span>. <span class="bld">Balarūpa</span>ntiādīsu imasmiṃ kāye balaṃ nāma atthi, sambhavo nāma atthi, rogo nāma atthi, ‘‘jāti sañjātī’’ti (vibha. 191) vacanato jāti nāma atthi, tehipi catūhi mahābhūtehi vinā abhāvato upādāyarūpehi bhavitabbanti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Ekaccāna</span>nti abhayagirivāsīnaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭikkhitta</span>nti ettha evaṃ paṭikkhepo veditabbo – middhaṃ rūpameva na hoti nīvaraṇesu desitattā. Yassa hi nīvaraṇesu desanā, taṃ na rūpaṃ yathā kāmacchando. Siyā panetaṃ duvidhaṃ middhaṃ rūpaṃ, arūpañcāti. Tattha yaṃ arūpaṃ, taṃ nīvaraṇesu desitaṃ ‘‘na rūpa’’nti? Taṃ na, visesavacanābhāvato. Na hi visesetvā middhaṃ nīvaraṇesu desitaṃ, tasmā middhassa duvidhataṃ parikappetvāpi na sakkā nīvaraṇabhāvaṃ nivattetuṃ. Sakkā hi vattuṃ ‘‘yaṃ taṃ arūpato aññaṃ middhaṃ parikappitaṃ, tampi nīvaraṇaṃ middhasabhāvattā itaraṃ middhaṃ viyā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bhavatu <a name="V2.0098"></a> nīvaraṇaṃ, ko virodhoti ce? Nīvaraṇañca pahātabbaṃ. Pañca nīvaraṇe pahāya ‘‘addhā munīsi sambuddho, natthi nīvaraṇā tavā’’ti (su. ni. 546) vacanato. Appahātabbañca rūpaṃ ‘‘katame dhammā neva dassanena na bhāvanāya pahātabbā? Catūsu bhūmīsu kusalaṃ, catūsu bhūmīsu vipāko, tīsu bhūmīsu kiriyābyākataṃ, rūpañca nibbānañca. Ime dhammā neva dassanena na bhāvanāya pahātabbā’’ti <a name="M2.0105"></a> (dha. sa. 1407) vacanato. Na cettha tadārammaṇakilesappahānaṃ adhippetaṃ ‘‘rūpaṃ, bhikkhave, na tumhākaṃ, taṃ pajahathā’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 3.34) viya kāmacchandādīnaṃ tathā pahānassa anadhippetattā. Tasmā na middhaṃ rūpaṃ. Yadi middhassa rūpabhāvaṃ na sampaṭicchatha, kathaṃ bhagavato niddā. Middhañhi ‘‘niddāpacalāyikā’’tiādinā vibhaṅge vibhattattā niddāti? Na middhaṃ niddā, niddāhetubhāvato pana taṃ ‘‘niddā’’ti vibhattaṃ yathā itthiliṅgādi. Evampi niddāhetuno middhassa abhāvato kathaṃ bhagavato niddāti? Niddā bhagavato sarīragilāniyā, na middhena. Sā ca natthīti na sakkā vattuṃ ‘‘piṭṭhi me āgilāyati, tamahaṃ āyamissāmī’’ti (ma. ni. 2.22) vacanato. Na cettha evamavadhāraṇaṃ middhameva niddāhetūti, niddāhetu eva middhanti evamavadhāraṇā. Tasmā aññopi atthi niddāhetu, ko pana soti? Sarīragilāniyā. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘niddā bhagavato sarīragilāniyā, na middhenā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Niddā ca bhagavato natthīti na sakkā vattuṃ ‘‘abhijānāmi kho panāhaṃ aggivessana…pe… divā supitā’’ti (ma. ni. 1.387) vacanato. Itopi na middhaṃ rūpaṃ sampayogavacanato. Vuttañhi ‘‘thinamiddhanīvaraṇaṃ avijjānīvaraṇena nīvaraṇañceva nīvaraṇasampayuttañcā’’tiādi (dha. sa. 1176). Na cettha yathālābhabhavanaṃ? Sakkā paccetuṃ ‘‘sakkharakathalikampi macchagumbampi carantampi tiṭṭhantampī’’tiādi (dī. ni. 1.249) viya appasiddhatāya rūpabhāvassa. Siddhe hi tassa rūpabhāve sambhavato yathālābhapaccayo yujjeyyāti. Itopi na rūpaṃ middhaṃ āruppesu uppajjanato. Vuttampi cetaṃ ‘‘nīvaraṇaṃ dhammaṃ paṭicca nīvaraṇo dhammo uppajjati napurejātapaccayā’’ti (paṭṭhā. 3.8.8) imassa vibhaṅge ‘‘āruppe kāmacchandanīvaraṇaṃ paṭicca thinamiddhanīvaraṇaṃ uddhaccanīvaraṇaṃ avijjānīvaraṇaṃ uppajjatī’’ti vitthāro. Tasmā ‘‘na middhaṃ rūpa’’nti yaṃ aṭṭhakathāsu paṭikkhittaṃ, taṃ supaṭikkhittameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Itaresū</span>ti <a name="V2.0099"></a> balarūpādīsu. Kammasamuṭṭhānassāpi rogassa visabhāgapaccayasamuppanno dhātukkhobho āsannakāraṇaṃ, pageva itarassa. So ca atthato rūpadhammānaṃ vikārāvatthāṭhitibhaṅgakkhaṇesu eva siyāti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘rogarūpaṃ jaratāaniccatāgahaṇena gahitamevā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Upacayasantatigahaṇena gahitamevā</span>ti tabbinimuttassa rūpuppādassa abhāvato. Upādāvatthāya <a name="M2.0106"></a> ca aññā jāti nāma nattheva. Sambhavo kāmadhātuyaṃ ekacciyasattānaṃ indriyaparipākapaccayo āpodhātuyā pavattiākāravisesoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sambhavarūpaṃ āpodhātuggahaṇena gahitamevā’’</span>ti. Kāyabalaṃ nāma atthato vāyodhātuyā pavattiākāraviseso tassā vipphārabhāvato. Yato naṃ ‘‘pāṇabala’’nti vadanti, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘balarūpaṃ vāyodhātuggahaṇena gahitamevā’’</span>ti. Kasmā pana nesaṃ ayathākkamato paṭikkhepo katoti? <span class="bld">Visuṃ natthī</span>ti katvā anupalabbhamānattā anādaradassanatthaṃ, middhapaṭikkhepo vā mahāpañhoti paṭhamaṃ kato. Tadanusārena paṭilomanayena itaresampi abhāvo vuttoti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Itī’’</span>ti idaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘aṭṭhavīsatividha’’</span>nti iminā sambandhitabbaṃ, iminā vuttakkamena aṭṭhavīsatividhaṃ hotīti. So ca kho pāḷiyaṃ āgatanayenevāti anūnatā veditabbā. Anadhikabhāvo pana dassito eva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para447"></a><span class="paranum">447</span>. Sampayuttadhammarāsi hinoti etena patiṭṭhahatīhi <span class="bld">hetu,</span> mūlaṭṭhena lobhādiko, alobhādiko ca, tādiso hetu na hotīti <span class="bld">nahetu</span>. Nāssa hetu atthīti <span class="bld">ahetukaṃ,</span> sahetukapaṭiyogibhāvato hetunā saha na uppajjatīti attho. Ahetukameva hetunā vippayuttatāya <span class="bld">hetuvippayuttaṃ</span>. Dhammanānattābhāvepi hi saddatthanānattena veneyyavasena dukantaradesanā hotīti dukapadavasena cetaṃ vuttaṃ. Paccayādhīnavuttitāya saha paccayenāti <span class="bld">sappaccayaṃ</span>. Attano paccayehi loke niyuttaṃ, viditanti vā <span class="bld">lokiyaṃ</span>. Ā bhavaggaṃ, ā gotrabhuṃ vā savantīti āsavā, saha āsavehīti <span class="bld">sāsavaṃ,</span> āsavehi ālambitabbanti attho. Ādisaddena saṃyojanīyaṃ oghanīyaṃ yoganīyaṃ nīvaraṇīyaṃ saṃkilesikaṃ parāmaṭṭhaṃ acetasikaṃ cittavippayuttaṃ narūpāvacaraṃ naarūpāvacaraṃ naapariyāpannaṃ aniyataṃ aniyyānikaṃ aniccanti evamādīnaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Āhito ahaṃ māno etthāti attā, attabhāvo. Taṃ attānaṃ adhikicca uddissa pavattā ajjhattā<a name="V2.0100"></a>, indriyabaddhadhammā, tesu bhavaṃ <span class="bld">ajjhattikaṃ,</span> cakkhādi. Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ pana vuttanayena ajjhattameva <span class="bld">ajjhattikaṃ</span> yathā venayikoti <a name="M2.0107"></a> (a. ni. 8.11; pārā. 8) imamatthaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘attabhāvaṃ adhikicca pavattattā ajjhattika’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Sesaṃ</span> tevīsatividhaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Tato bāhirattā’’</span>ti idaṃ ajjhattikalakkhaṇābhāvato vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ghaṭṭanavasenā</span>ti visayī, visayo ca hutvā saṅghaṭṭanavasena. <span class="bld">Sesaṃ</span> soḷasavidhaṃ. <span class="bld">Viparītattā</span>ti ghaṭṭanavasena agahetabbato. <span class="bld">Duppaṭivijjhasabhāvattā</span>ti sukhumabhāvena duviññeyyasabhāvattā. Ñāṇassa āsanne na hotīti <span class="bld">dūre. Terasa</span> hadayavatthupariyosānāni. <span class="bld">Sabhāvenevā</span>ti ‘‘rūpassa paricchedo, rūpassa vikāro, rūpassa upacayo’’tiādinā aggahetvā attano sabhāveneva kakkhaḷattādinā ñāṇena paricchijja gahetabbato. <span class="bld">Sesaṃ</span> dasavidhaṃ. <span class="bld">Tabbiparītatāyā</span>ti sabhāvena apariggahitabbato. Sotādīnampi cakkhuno viya pasannasabhāvattā eva yathāsakaṃ visayaggahaṇapaccayatāti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘cakkhādi…pe… pasādarūpa’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Viparītattā</span>ti tabbidhurasabhāvattā. <span class="bld">Adhipatiyaṭṭhenā</span>ti ettha cakkhādīnaṃ tāva pañcannaṃ cakkhuviññāṇādīsu ādhipateyyaṃ tesaṃ paṭumandabhāvānuvattanato, itthipurisindriyadvayassa sakicce jīvitindriyassa sahajarūpānupālane. Tadubhayaṃ heṭṭhā vuttameva. <span class="bld">Upādinnattā</span>ti gahitattā. Kammanibbattañhi ‘‘mametaṃ phalaṃ’’nti kammunā gahitaṃ viya hoti apaṭikkhepato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para448"></a><span class="paranum">448</span>. <span class="bld">Sanidassanakammajādīnaṃ tikāna</span>nti sanidassanattikassa, kammajādittikānañca. <span class="bld">Oḷārike</span>ti dvādasavidhe oḷārikarūpe. <span class="bld">Rūpa</span>nti rūpāyatanaṃ. Daṭṭhabbabhāvasaṅkhātena saha nidassanenāti sanidassanaṃ, paṭihananabhāvasaṅkhātena saha paṭighenāti sappaṭighaṃ, sanidassanañca taṃ sappaṭighañcāti <span class="bld">sanidassanasappaṭighaṃ</span>. Tattha yassa daṭṭhabbabhāvo atthi, taṃ <span class="bld">sanidassanaṃ</span>. Cakkhuviññāṇagocarabhāvova <span class="bld">daṭṭhabbabhāvo</span>. Tassa rūpāyatanato anaññattepi aññehi dhammehi rūpāyatanaṃ visesetuṃ aññaṃ viya katvā vuttaṃ ‘‘saha nidassanena sanidassana’’nti. Dhammabhāvasāmaññena hi ekībhūtesu dhammesu yo nānattakaro viseso, so añño viya katvā upacarituṃ yutto. Evaṃ hi atthavisesāvabodho hotīti. Yo sayaṃ, nissayavasena ca sampattānaṃ, asampattānañca paṭimukhabhāvo aññamaññaṃ patanaṃ, so <span class="bld">paṭihananabhāvo,</span> yena byāpārādivikārapaccayantarasahitesu cakkhādīnaṃ <a name="M2.0108"></a> visayesu vikāruppatti. <span class="bld">Sesaṃ</span> ekādasavidhaṃ oḷārikarūpaṃ. Tañhi sanidassanattābhāvato <span class="bld">anidassanaṃ,</span> vuttanayeneva <span class="bld">sappaṭighaṃ</span>. Ubhayapaṭikkhepena <span class="bld">anidassanaappaṭighaṃ. Kammato jāta</span>nti ettha yaṃ ekantakammasamuṭṭhānaṃ aṭṭhindriyāni, hadayañcāti navavidhaṃ rūpaṃ, yañca navavidhe catusamuṭṭhāne kammasamuṭṭhānaṃ navavidhameva rūpanti <a name="V2.0101"></a> evaṃ aṭṭhārasavidhampi kammato uppajjanato <span class="bld">kammajaṃ</span>. Yañhi jātañca yañca jāyati yañca jāyissati, taṃ sabbampi ‘‘kammaja’’nti vuccati yathā duddhanti. <span class="bld">Tadaññapaccayajāta</span>nti kammato aññapaccayato jātaṃ utucittāhārajaṃ. <span class="bld">Nakutocijāta</span>nti lakkhaṇarūpamāha. Viññattidvayaṃ, saddo, ākāsadhātu, lahutādittayaṃ cittasamuṭṭhānāni avinibbhogarūpānīti etaṃ pañcadasavidhaṃ rūpaṃ <span class="bld">cittajaṃ</span>. Ākāsadhātu, lahutādittayaṃ, āhārasamuṭṭhānāni avinibbhogarūpānīti etaṃ dvādasavidhaṃ rūpaṃ <span class="bld">āhārajaṃ</span>. Ettha saddaṃ pakkhipitvā terasavidhaṃ rūpaṃ ututo samuṭṭhitaṃ <span class="bld">utujaṃ</span>. Sesaṃ kammajatike vuttanayānusāreneva veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para449"></a><span class="paranum">449</span>. Diṭṭhādicatukkavasena, rūparūpādicatukkavasena, vatthādicatukkavasenāti pāṭekkaṃ catukkasaddo yojetabbo. Yaṃ rūpāyatanaṃ adakkhi yaṃ passati yaṃ dakkhissati yaṃ passeyya, taṃ sabbaṃ <span class="bld">diṭṭhaṃ</span> nāma diṭṭhasabhāvānātivattanato yathā duddhanti. Esa nayo sesesupi. <span class="bld">Dassanavisayattā</span>ti cakkhuviññāṇaviññeyyattā. <span class="bld">Savanavisayattā</span>ti sotaviññāṇaviññeyyattā. <span class="bld">Gandharasaphoṭṭhabbattaya</span>nti gandho raso phoṭṭhabbanti etaṃ tayaṃ. <span class="bld">Mutaṃ</span> nāma mutvā patvā gahetabbato. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sampattaggāhakaindriyavisayattā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kimidaṃ phoṭṭhabbaṃ nāmāti? Pathavītejovāyodhātuttayaṃ. Kasmā panettha āpodhātu aggahitā, nanu sītatā phusitvā gayhati, sā ca āpodhātūti? Saccaṃ gayhati, na pana sā āpodhātu. Kiñcarahīti? Tejodhātu eva. Mande hi uṇhabhāve sītabuddhi. Na hi sītaṃ nāma koci guṇo atthi, kevalaṃ pana uṇhabhāvassa mandatāya sītatābhimāno. Kathametaṃ viññātabbanti ce? Anavaṭṭhitattā sītabuddhiyā yathā pārāpāre. Tathā hi ghammakāle ātape ṭhitānaṃ chāyaṃ paviṭṭhānaṃ sītabuddhi hoti, tattheva pana pathavīgabbhato uṭṭhitānaṃ uṇhabuddhi. Yadi hi sītatā āpodhātu siyā, ekasmiṃ kalāpe uṇhabhāvena saddhiṃ upalabbheyya, na ca upalabbhati. Tasmā viññāyati na āpodhātu sītatāti<a name="M2.0109"></a>. Idañca bhūtānaṃ avinibbhogavuttitaṃ icchantānaṃ uttaraṃ, anicchantānampi pana catunnaṃ bhūtānaṃ ekasmiṃ kalāpe kiccadassanena sabhāgavuttitāya sādhitāya uttarameva. Ye pana ‘‘vāyodhātuyā lakkhaṇaṃ sītatā’’ti vadanti, tesampi idameva uttaraṃ. Yadi hi vāyodhātu sītatā siyā, ekasmiṃ kalāpe uṇhabhāvena saddhiṃ sītatā upalabbheyya, na ca upalabbhati. Tasmā viññāyati na vāyodhātu sītatāti. Yesaṃ pana dravatā āpodhātu, sā ca phusitvā <a name="V2.0102"></a> gayhatīti dassanaṃ. Te vattabbā ‘‘dravabhāvopi phusīyatīti āyasmantānaṃ adhimānamattaṃ saṇṭhānaṃ viyā’’ti. Vuttañhetaṃ purātanehi –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Dravatā sahavuttīni, tīṇi bhūtāni samphusaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">‘Dravataṃ samphusāmī’ti, lokoyamabhimaññati.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Phusaṃ bhūtāni saṇṭhānaṃ, manasā gaṇhate yathā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">‘Paccakkhato phusāmī’ti, ñātabbā dravatā tathā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sesa</span>nti yathāvuttaṃ rūpādisattavidhaṃ rūpaṃ ṭhapetvā avasiṭṭhaṃ ekavīsatividhaṃ rūpaṃ. <span class="bld">Viññāṇassevā</span>ti manoviññāṇasseva. Avadhāraṇena rūpāyatanādīnampi manoviññāṇaviññeyyatte niyamābhāvato na viññātarūpatāti saṅkarābhāvaṃ dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nipphannarūpaṃ panettha rūparūpaṃ nāmā</span>ti yadettha aṭṭhavīsatividhe rūpe ‘‘nipphanna’’nti vuttaṃ rūpaṃ, tadeva rūpalakkhaṇayogato rūpaṃ. Ruppanaṃ rūpaṃ, taṃ etassa atthīti yathā arisasoti, rūpaguṇayogato vā yathā nīlaguṇayogato nīlaṃ vatthanti. Svāyaṃ rūpasaddo ruḷhiyā ataṃsabhāvepi pavattatīti aparena rūpasaddena visesetvā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘rūparūpa’’</span>nti yathā tilatelaṃ, dukkhadukkhanti (visuddhi. 2.539) ca, ruppanasabhāvaṃ rūpanti attho. Yadi evaṃ, ākāsadhātuādīnaṃ kathaṃ rūpabhāvoti? Nipphannarūpassa paricchedavikāralakkhaṇabhāvato taggatikamevāti ‘‘rūpa’’ntveva vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vasanti ettha cittacetasikā pavattantīti <span class="bld">vatthu,</span> cittataṃsampayuttānaṃ ādhārabhūtaṃ rūpaṃ. Taṃ pana chabbidhaṃ. Tattha hadayarūpaṃ vatthu eva manodhātumanoviññāṇadhātūnaṃ nissayabhāvato. <span class="bld">Na dvāraṃ</span> aññanissayānaṃ cakkhādi viya. Yathā hi cakkhādīni sampaṭicchanādīnaṃ pavattiyā dvāraṃ honti, na <a name="M2.0110"></a> evaṃ hadayavatthu. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ panettha hadayarūpaṃ nāma, taṃ vatthu, na dvāra’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Viññattidvayaṃ dvāraṃ</span> kammadvārabhāvato. Tannissitassa cittuppādassa abhāvato <span class="bld">na vatthu. Pasādarūpaṃ vatthu ceva</span> attasannissitassa cakkhuviññāṇādikassa, <span class="bld">dvārañca</span> aññanissitassa sampaṭicchanādikassa. <span class="bld">Sesaṃ</span> ekavīsatividhaṃ rūpaṃ vuttavipariyāyato <span class="bld">neva vatthu na ca dvāraṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para450"></a><span class="paranum">450</span>. Ekato <a name="V2.0103"></a> eva jātaṃ <span class="bld">ekajaṃ</span>. Nanu ca ekato eva paccayato paccayuppannassa uppatti natthīti? Saccaṃ natthi, rūpajanakapaccayesu ekatoti ayamettha adhippāyo. Na hi rūpuppatti rūpajanakato aññaṃ paccayaṃ apekkhati. <span class="bld">Dvija</span>ntiādīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Imesa</span>nti imesaṃ pabhedānaṃ <span class="bld">vasena. Kammajamevā</span>ti kammato eva jātaṃ. <span class="bld">Cittajamevā</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Cittato ca ututo ca jāta</span>nti kālena cittato, kālena ututoti evaṃ cittato ca ututo ca jātaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Taṃ dvijaṃ</span> dvīhi jātanti. Parato dvīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Saddāyatanamevā</span>ti ettha yaṃ cittajaṃ saddāyatanaṃ, taṃ saviññattikamevāti eke. Aviññattikopi atthi vitakkavipphārasaddoti porāṇā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vitakkavipphārasaddo na sotaviññeyyoti hi evaṃ pavattamahāaṭṭhakathāvādaṃ nissāya cittasamuṭṭhānassa saddassa viññattiyā vināpi uppatti icchitabbā. Na hi viññatti ‘‘kāyavācāya viññattī’’ti vacanato asotaviññeyyena saddena saha uppajjati, evaṃ sante cittajenāpi saddanavakena bhavitabbaṃ. So ca vādo ‘‘saddo ca hoti, na sotaviññeyyo cā’’ti viruddhamevetanti maññamānehi saṅgahakārehi paṭikkhitto. Apare pana mahāaṭṭhakathāvādaṃ appaṭikkhipitvā tassa adhippāyaṃ vaṇṇenti. Kathaṃ? ‘‘Jivhātālucalanādikaṃ vitakkasamuṭṭhitaṃ viññattisahajameva sukhumasaddaṃ dibbasotena sutvā ādisatī’’ti sutte, paṭṭhāne ca oḷārikaṃ saddaṃ sandhāya sotaviññāṇassa ārammaṇapaccayabhāvo vuttoti iminā adhippāyena vitakkavipphārasaddassa asotaviññeyyatā vuttāti. <span class="bld">Taṃ</span> catujaṃ. <span class="bld">Avasesa</span>nti avinibbhogarūpena saddhiṃ ākāsadhātumāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Lakkhaṇarūpaṃ</span> <a name="M2.0111"></a> <span class="bld">pana nakutocijāta</span>nti kutocipi paccayato na jātaṃ, nāpi sayameva jātaṃ paccayehi vinā sayameva jātassa sabbena sabbaṃ abhāvato. Kathaṃ panetaṃ viññātabbaṃ lakkhaṇarūpaṃ na jāyatīti? Lakkhaṇābhāvato. Uppattimantānaṃ hi rūpāyatanādīnaṃ jātiādīni lakkhaṇāni vijjanti, na evaṃ jātiādīnaṃ. Tasmā viññātabbametaṃ jātiādīni na jāyantīti. Siyā panetaṃ ‘‘jātiādīnaṃ jātiādīni lakkhaṇāni vijjantī’’ti? Taṃ na, kasmā? Tathā sati anavaṭṭhānāpattito. Yadi hi jātiādīni jātiādimantāni siyuṃ, tānipi jātiādimantāni, tānipi jātiādimantānīti anavaṭṭhānameva āpajjati. Tasmā suṭṭhu vuttaṃ ‘‘jātiādīni <a name="V2.0104"></a> na jāyantī’’ti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘na hi uppādassa uppādo atthi, uppannassa ca paripākabhedamattaṃ itaradvaya’’</span>nti, jarāmaraṇanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">‘‘uppādo natthī’’</span>ti etena uppādassa jarāmaraṇābhāvamāha. Asati uppāde kuto jarāmaraṇanti <span class="bld">matta</span>ggahaṇena jarāmaraṇassa uppādābhāvampi. Yadi evaṃ jātiyā kutoci jātatāvacanaṃ kathanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yampī’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">kiccānubhāvakkhaṇe diṭṭhattā</span>ti ye te cittādayo rūpāyatanādīnaṃ rūpānaṃ janakapaccayā, tesaṃ taduppādanaṃ pati anuparatabyāpārānaṃ yo so paccayabhāvūpalakkhaṇīyo kiccānubhāvakkhaṇo, tadā jāyamānānaṃ rūpāyatanādīnaṃ dhammānaṃ vikārabhāvena upalabbhamānataṃ sandhāya veneyyapuggalavasena jātiyā kutoci paccayato jātattaṃ pāḷiyaṃ anuññātaṃ yathā taṃ cittasamuṭṭhānatādi viññattiādīnaṃ. Ayañhettha saṅkhepattho – yehi paccayadhammehi rūpādayo uppajjeyyuṃ, tesaṃ paccayabhāvūpagamanakkhaṇe upalabbhamānā rūpādayo tato pure, pacchā ca anupalabbhamānā tato uppajjantīti viññāyanti, evaṃ jātipi veditabbā. Yadi evaṃ nippariyāyato jātiyā kutoci jātatā siddhā, atha kasmā veneyyapuggalavasenāti vuttanti? Nayidamevaṃ jāyamānadhammavikārabhāvena upalabbhamānattā. Yadi hi dhammo viya upalabbheyya jāti, nippariyāyova tassā kutoci jātabhāvo, na evamupalabbhati, atha kho vikārabhāvena. Tasmā vuttaṃ ‘‘veneyyapuggalavasenā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tadā kira sotūnaṃ evaṃ cittaṃ uppannaṃ ‘‘ayaṃ jāti sabbesaṃ dhammānaṃ pabhavo, sayañca na kutoci jāyati yathā taṃ pakativādīnaṃ pakatī’’ti, taṃ <a name="M2.0112"></a> nesaṃ micchāgāhaṃ vidhamento satthā ‘‘upacayo santatī’’ti dvidhā bhinditvā kutoci paccayato jātañca katvā desesi, na pana jarāmaraṇaṃ paccayadhammānaṃ kiccānubhāvakkhaṇe adassanato. Yadi evaṃ kathaṃ ‘‘jarāmaraṇaṃ paṭiccasamuppanna’’nti (saṃ. ni. 2.20) vuttaṃ? Yasmā paṭiccasamuppannānaṃ dhammānaṃ paripākabhaṅgatāya tesu santesu honti, na asantesu. Na hi ajātaṃ paripaccati, bhijjati vā, tasmā taṃ jātipaccayataṃ sandhāya ‘‘jarāmaraṇaṃ paṭiccasamuppanna’’nti (saṃ. ni. 2.20) pariyāyena suttesu vuttaṃ. Yo panettha kāmabhavādīsu kammādinā paccayena yonivibhāgato paṭisandhiyaṃ, pavattiyañca rūpadhammānaṃ pavattibhedo vattabbo, so parato paṭiccasamuppādakathāyaṃ āvi bhavissatīti na vuttoti daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti rūpakkhandhe vitthārakathāmukhavaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Viññāṇakkhandhakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para451"></a><span class="paranum">451</span>. <span class="bld">Yaṃ</span> <a name="V2.0105"></a> <span class="bld">kiñcī</span>ti anavasesapariyādānadīpakena padadvayena vedayitassa bahubhedataṃ dassento vuccamānaṃ rāsaṭṭhaṃ ulliṅgeti. Vedayitaṃ ārammaṇarasānubhavanaṃ lakkhaṇaṃ etassāti <span class="bld">vedayitalakkhaṇaṃ. Sabbaṃ taṃ</span> dhammajātanti adhippāyo, pubbe vā rūpakkhandhakathāyaṃ vuttaṃ adhikārato ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Ekato katvā</span>ti atītādibhedabhinnaṃ sabbaṃ taṃ buddhiyā ekato katvā. Evañhi rāsaṭṭhassa sambhavo. Nīlādibhedassa ārammaṇassa sañjānanaṃ, ‘‘nīlaṃ pītaṃ dīghaṃ rassa’’nti (dha. sa. 615) ca ādinā saññuppādavasena jānanaṃ gahaṇaṃ lakkhaṇaṃ etassāti <span class="bld">sañjānanalakkhaṇaṃ. Abhisaṅkharaṇaṃ</span> āyūhanaṃ byāpārāpatti, abhisandahanaṃ vā, ubhayathāpi cetanāpadhānatāya saṅkhārakkhandhassa evaṃ vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘abhisaṅkharaṇalakkhaṇa’’</span>nti. Tathā hi <span class="bld">suttantabhājanīye</span> saṅkhārakkhandhaṃ vibhajantena bhagavatā ‘‘cakkhusamphassajā cetanā’’tiādinā (vibha. 21) cetanāva vibhattā. Minitabbavatthuṃ nāḷiyā minamāno puriso viya yena sañjānanākāravisiṭṭhena ākārena visayaṃ gaṇhāti, taṃ ārammaṇūpaladdhisaṅkhātaṃ vijānanaṃ lakkhaṇaṃ etassāti <span class="bld">vijānanalakkhaṇaṃ</span>. Itare vedanākkhandhādayo suviññeyyā hontīti viññāṇena ekuppādādibhāvato, samānajātiādivibhāgato ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Attanā <a name="M2.0113"></a> ‘‘vijānanalakkhaṇa’’nti vuttamatthaṃ suttena samatthetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ kiñcī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Yathāpaccayaṃ pavattimattametaṃ, yadidaṃ sabhāvadhammoti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vijānanalakkhaṇa’’</span>nti bhāvasādhanavasena vuttaṃ. Dhammasabhāvā vinimutto koci kattā nāma natthīti tasseva kattubhāvaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vijānātī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Yaṃ vijānanaṭṭhena viññāṇaṃ, tadeva cintanādiatthena <span class="bld">cittaṃ,</span> mananaṭṭhena <span class="bld">mano</span>ti pariyāyatopi naṃ bodheti. Ettāvatā ca khandhato, bhedato, pariyāyato ca viññāṇaṃ vibhāvitaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Jāyanti ettha visadisāpi sadisākārāti <span class="bld">jāti,</span> samānākāro. Sā panāyaṃ jāti kāmaṃ anekavidhā nānappakārā, taṃ idhādhippetameva pana dassento <span class="bld">‘‘kusalaṃ, akusalaṃ, abyākatañcā’’</span>ti āha. Tattha kusalaṭṭhena <span class="bld">kusalaṃ</span>. Koyaṃ kusalaṭṭho nāma? Ārogyaṭṭho anavajjaṭṭho sukhavipākaṭṭho. Ārogyaṭṭhenāpi hi kusalaṃ vuccati ‘‘kacci nu bhoto kusala’’ntiādīsu (jā. 1.15.146; 2.20.129). Anavajjaṭṭhenāpi ‘‘katamo pana, bhante, kusalo kāyasamācāro? Yo kho, mahārāja<a name="V2.0106"></a>, anavajjo kāyasamācāro’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 2.361). Sukhavipākaṭṭhenāpi ‘‘kusalānaṃ, bhikkhave, dhammānaṃ samādānahetū’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 3.80). Kusalacittañhi rāgādīnaṃ cetasikarogānaṃ avajjasabhāvānaṃ paṭipakkhabhāvato, sukhavipākavipaccanato ca arogaṃ, anavajjaṃ, sukhavipākañcāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Saddatthato pana kucchite pāpadhamme salayati calayati kammeti viddhaṃsetīti <span class="bld">kusalaṃ</span>. Kucchitena vā ākārena sayantīti kusā, pāpadhammā, te kuse lunāti chindatīti <span class="bld">kusalaṃ</span>. Kucchitānaṃ vā sānato tanukaraṇato ñāṇaṃ kusaṃ nāma, tena lātabbaṃ gahetabbaṃ pavattetabbanti <span class="bld">kusalaṃ</span>. Yathā vā kuso ubhayabhāgagataṃ hatthapadesaṃ lunāti, evamidaṃ uppannānuppannavasena ubhayabhāgagataṃ saṃkilesapakkhaṃ lunāti chindati, tasmā kuso viya lunātīti <span class="bld">kusalaṃ</span>. Kucchitānaṃ vā sāvajjadhammānaṃ salanato saṃvaraṇato <span class="bld">kusalaṃ</span>. Kusaladhammavasena hi akusalā pavattinivāraṇena, appavattibhāvāpādanena ca manacchaṭṭhesu dvāresu appavattiyā saṃvutā pihitā honti. Kucchite vā pāpadhamme salayati kampeti apanetīti <span class="bld">kusalaṃ</span>. Kucchitānaṃ vā pāṇātipātādīnaṃ pāpadhammānaṃ <a name="M2.0114"></a> sānato nisānato tejanato kusā, dosalobhādayo. Dosādīnañhi vasena cetanāya tikkhabhāvappattiyā pāṇātipātādīnaṃ mahāsāvajjatā, te kuse lunāti chindatīti <span class="bld">kusalaṃ</span>. Kucchitānaṃ vā sānato antakaraṇato vināsanato kusāni, puññakiriyavasena pavattāni saddhādīni indriyāni, tehi lātabbaṃ pavattetabbanti <span class="bld">kusalaṃ</span>. ‘‘Ku’’ iti vā bhūmi vuccati, adhiṭṭhānabhāvena taṃsadisassa attano nissayabhūtassa rūpārūpappabandhassa sampati, āyatiñca anudahanena vināsanato kuṃ siyantīti kusā, rāgādayo, te viya attano nissayassa lavanato chindanato <span class="bld">kusalaṃ</span>. Payogasampāditā hi kusaladhammā accantameva rūpārūpadhamme appavattikaraṇena samucchindantīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Na kusalanti <span class="bld">akusalaṃ,</span> kusalapaṭipakkhanti attho. Na kusalanti hi kusalapaṭikkhepena akusalapadassa avayavabhedena atthe vuccamāne yathā yaṃ dhammajātaṃ na arogaṃ, na anavajjaṃ, na sukhavipākaṃ, na ca kosallasambhūtaṃ, taṃ akusalanti ayamattho dassito hoti, evaṃ yaṃ na kucchitānaṃ salanasabhāvaṃ, na kusānaṃ lavanasabhāvaṃ, na kusena kusehi vā pavattetabbaṃ, na ca kuso viya lavanakaṃ, taṃ akusalaṃ nāmāti ayampi attho dassito hoti. Ettha ca yasmā kusalaṃ akusalassa ujuvipaccanīkabhūtaṃ, yato cetasikarogapaṭipakkhādibhāvato arogādipariyāyenapi <a name="V2.0107"></a> bodhitaṃ, tasmā akusalaṃ pana kusalassa ujuvipaccanīkabhūtanti vuttaṃ ‘‘kusalapaṭipakkhanti attho’’ti. Taṃ pana yathākkamaṃ pahāyakapahātabbabhāvenevāti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Na byākatanti <span class="bld">abyākataṃ,</span> kusalākusalabhāvena akathitanti attho. Tattha <span class="bld">kusalabhāvo</span> anavajjasukhavipākaṭṭho. <span class="bld">Akusalabhāvo</span> sāvajjadukkhavipākaṭṭho, tadubhayabhāvena avuttanti vuttaṃ hoti. Eteneva arogasarogādibhāvena ca avuttatā vaṇṇitāti daṭṭhabbā. Ettha ca ‘‘kusalaṃ akusala’’nti ca vatvā ‘‘abyākata’’nti vuttattā kusalākusalabhāveneva avuttatā viññāyati, na pakārantarena. Avuttatā cettha na tathā avattabbatāmattena, atha kho tadubhayavinimuttasabhāvatāya tesaṃ dhammānanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Tathā hetaṃ ‘‘avipākalakkhaṇa’’nti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para452"></a><span class="paranum">452</span>. <span class="bld">Bhūmibhedato</span>ti bhavanti ettha dhammāti bhūmi, ṭhānaṃ, avatthā ca. Avatthāpi hi avatthāvantānaṃ pavattiṭṭhānaṃ viya gayhati, evaṃ nesaṃ sukhaggahaṇaṃ hotīti<a name="M2.0115"></a>. Tattha lokiyā bhūmi ṭhānavaseneva veditabbā, lokuttarā avatthāvasena. Lokiyā vā ṭhānāvatthāvasena, lokuttarā avatthāvaseneva. <span class="bld">Kāmāvacara</span>nti ettha vatthukāmo kilesakāmoti dve kāmā. Tesu <span class="bld">vatthukāmo</span> visesato pañca kāmaguṇā kāmīyantīti, <span class="bld">kilesakāmo</span> taṇhā kāmetīti. Te dvepi sahitā hutvā yattha avacaranti, taṃ <span class="bld">kāmāvacaraṃ</span>. Kiṃ pana tanti? Ekādasavidho kāmabhavo. Idaṃ yebhuyyena tattha avacarati pavattatīti <span class="bld">kāmāvacaraṃ</span> ekassa avacarasaddassa lopaṃ katvā. Evaṃ <span class="bld">rūpārūpāvacarāni</span>pi veditabbāni rūpataṇhā rūpaṃ, arūpataṇhā arūpanti katvā. Atha vā kāmataṇhā kāmo uttarapadalopena, avacarati etthāti avacaraṃ, kāmassa avacaraṃ <span class="bld">kāmāvacaraṃ</span>. Evaṃ <span class="bld">rūpāvacarārūpāvacarāni</span>pi veditabbāni. Lokato uttaratīti <span class="bld">lokuttaraṃ</span> kusalassa adhippetattā. Itaraṃ pana lokato uttiṇṇanti <span class="bld">lokuttaraṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Somanassupekkhāñāṇasaṅkhārabhedato</span>ti ettha somanassupekkhābhedo tāva yutto tesaṃ bhinnasabhāvattā, ñāṇasaṅkhārabhedo pana kathanti? Nāyaṃ doso ñāṇasaṅkhārakato bhedoñāṇasaṅkhārabhedo, so ca tesaṃ bhāvābhāvakatoti katvā. Sobhanaṃ mano, sundaraṃ vā mano etassāti sumano, sumanassa bhāvo somanassaṃ, mānasikasukhā vedanā ruḷhiyā, somanassena uppādato paṭṭhāya yāva bhaṅgā sahagataṃ pavattaṃ saṃsaṭṭhaṃ, sampayuttanti attho. <span class="bld">Somanassasahagatatā</span> cassa ārammaṇavasena veditabbā. Iṭṭhārammaṇe hi cittaṃ somanassasahagataṃ hoti. Nanu ca iṭṭhārammaṇaṃ lobhassa vatthu, kathaṃ <a name="V2.0108"></a> tattha kusalaṃ hotīti? Nayidamekantikaṃ iṭṭhepi ābhogādivasena kusalassa uppajjanato. Yassa hi catusampatticakkasamāyogādivasena yonisova ābhogo hoti, kusalameva ca mayā kattabbanti kusalakaraṇe cittaṃ niyamitaṃ, akusalappavattito ca nivattetvā kusalakaraṇe eva pariṇāmitaṃ, abhiṇhakaraṇavasena ca samudācaritaṃ, tassa iṭṭhepi ārammaṇe alobhādisampayuttameva cittaṃ hoti, na lobhādisampayuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ñāṇena <a name="M2.0116"></a> samaṃ pakārehi yuttanti <span class="bld">ñāṇasampayuttaṃ</span>. Ekuppādādayo eva cettha pakārāti veditabbā. Tattha kammūpapattiindriyaparipākakilesadūrībhāvā ñāṇasampayuttatāya kāraṇaṃ. Yo hi paresaṃ dhammaṃ deseti, anavajjāni sippāyatanakammāyatanavijjaṭṭhānāni sikkhāpetīti evamādikaṃ paññāsaṃvattaniyaṃ karoti, tassa kammūpanissayavasena kusalacittaṃ uppajjamānaṃ ñāṇasampayuttaṃ hoti. Tathā abyāpajje loke uppannassa upapattiṃ nissāya ñāṇasampayuttaṃ hoti. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘tassa tattha sukhino dhammapadā plavanti, dandho, bhikkhave, satuppādo, atha kho so satto khippaṃyeva visesabhāgī (a. ni. 4.191) hotī’’ti. Tathā paññādasakapattassa indriyaparipākaṃ nissāya kusalaṃ uppajjamānaṃ ñāṇasampayuttaṃ hoti. Yena pana kilesā vikkhambhitā, tassa kilesadūrībhāvaṃ nissāya ñāṇasampayuttaṃ hoti. Vuttampi cetaṃ ‘‘yogā ve jāyate bhūri, ayogā bhūrisaṅkhayo’’ti (dha. pa. 282). Attano vā parassa vā samussāhajanitaṃ cittapayogasaṅkhātaṃ saṅkharaṇaṃ saṅkhāro, so etassa natthīti <span class="bld">asaṅkhāraṃ</span>. Tena pana saha saṅkhārena pavattatīti <span class="bld">sasaṅkhāraṃ</span>. Ñāṇena vippayuttaṃ virahitanti <span class="bld">ñāṇavippayuttaṃ. Vippayogo</span>ti cettha ñāṇassa abhāvo appavattiyevāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Upekkhatīti upekkhā, vedayamānāpi ārammaṇaṃ ajjhupekkhati majjhattatākārasaṇṭhitattāti attho. Atha vā upetā sukhadukkhānaṃ aviruddhā ikkhā anubhavananti upekkhā. Atha vā iṭṭhe ca aniṭṭhe ca ārammaṇe pakkhapātābhāvena upapattito yuttito ikkhati anubhavatīti upekkhā, tāya sahagatanti <span class="bld">upekkhāsahagataṃ</span>. Sesaṃ sabbaṃ heṭṭhā vuttanayameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ aṭṭha kāmāvacarakusalacittāni uddisitvā idāni tesaṃ pavattiākāraṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yadā hī’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">paṭiggāhakādisampatti</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena desakālakalyāṇamittādisampattiṃ saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Aññaṃ vā somanassahetu</span>nti ettha aññaggahaṇena saddhābahulatā, visuddhadiṭṭhitā, kusalakiriyāya ānisaṃsadassāvitā, somanassapaṭisandhikatā, ekādasa <a name="V2.0109"></a> pītisambojjhaṅgaṭṭhāniyā dhammāti evamādīnaṃ saṅgaho. <span class="bld">Ādinayappavatta</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena na kevalaṃ ‘‘atthi yiṭṭha’’ntiādīnaṃ (ma. ni. 1.441; 2.95) navannaṃyeva sammādiṭṭhivatthūnaṃ gahaṇaṃ, atha kho dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgaṭṭhāniyādīnampi <a name="M2.0117"></a> saṅgaho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Purakkhatvā</span>ti pubbaṅgamaṃ katvā. Tañca kho sahajātapubbaṅgamavasena ‘‘manopubbaṅgamā dhammā’’tiādīsu (dha. pa. 1-2) viya sampayogassa adhippetattā. <span class="bld">Asaṃsīdanto</span>ti silokamacchariyādivasena puññakiriyāyaṃ saṃsīdaṃ saṅkocaṃ anāpajjanto, tena muttacāgatādiṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Anussāhito</span>ti kenacipi na ussāhito. Sarasato hi puññapaṭipattidassanamidaṃ. <span class="bld">Parehī</span>ti pana pākaṭussāhanadassanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dānādīnī</span>ti dānaṃ sīlaṃ yāva diṭṭhijukammanti imāni dānādīni dasa puññāni, <span class="bld">dānādīnī</span>ti vā dānasīlabhāvanāmayāni itaresampi sattannaṃ etthevantogadhattā. Yattha sayaṃ uppajjanti, taṃ santānaṃ punanti, pujjaṃ bhavaphalaṃ nibbattentīti vā puññāni. <span class="bld">Assa</span> puññacetanāsamaṅgino. <span class="bld">Amuttacāgatā</span> deyyadhamme sāpekkhacittatā. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena sīlasamādānādīsu anadhimuttatādiṃ saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Tadevā</span>ti somanassasahagatādinā sadisatāya vuttaṃ. Sadisampi hi ‘‘tadevā’’ti voharīyati yathā ‘‘sā eva tittirī, tāniyeva osadhānī’’ti. <span class="bld">Imasmiñhi atthe</span>ti līnassa cittassa ussāhanapayogasaṅkhāte atthe. <span class="bld">Eta</span>nti ‘‘saṅkhāro’’ti etaṃ padaṃ. <span class="bld">Pubbapayogassā</span>ti puññakiriyāyaṃ saṅkoce jāyamāne tato vivecetvā samussāhanavasena pavattassa cittapayogassa, pubbaggahaṇañcettha tathāpavattapubbābhisaṅkhāravasena so saṅkhāro hotīti katvā vuttaṃ, na tassa saṅkhārassa pubbakālikattā. ‘‘Atthi dinna’’ntiādi (ma. ni. 1.441; 2.95) nayappavattāya sammādiṭṭhiyā asambhavadassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">bāla</span>-ggahaṇaṃ. Saṃsīdanussāhanābhāvadassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">sahasā</span>-gahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Somanassarahitā honti</span> puññaṃ karontāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Somanassahetūnaṃ abhāvaṃ āgammā</span>ti idaṃ nidassanamattaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Majjhattārammaṇatathārūpacetosaṅkhārādayopi hi upekkhāsahagatatāya kāraṇaṃ hontiyevāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Eva</span>ntiādi nigamanaṃ. Tayidaṃ aṭṭhavidhampi kāmāvacaraṃ kusalacittaṃ rūpārammaṇaṃ yāva dhammārammaṇanti chasu ārammaṇesu yaṃ vā taṃ vā ālambitvā upekkhāsahagatāhetukakiriyāmanoviññāṇadhātānantaraṃ kāyadvārādīhi tīhi dvārehi kāyakammādivasena uppajjatīti veditabbaṃ. Tattha <a name="M2.0118"></a> ñāṇasampayuttāni cattāri yadā tihetukapaṭisandhiṃ uppādenti, tadā soḷasa vipākacittāni <a name="V2.0110"></a> phalanti. Yadā pana duhetukaṃ, tadā dvādasa tihetukavajjāni. Ahetukaṃ pana paṭisandhiṃ tihetukāni na uppādenteva, duhetukāni pana duhetukapaṭisandhidānakāle dvādasa, ahetukapaṭisandhiṃ dānakāle aṭṭha phalanti. Tihetukā pana paṭisandhi duhetukehi na hotiyeva. <span class="bld">‘‘Aṭṭha phalantī’’</span>ti cetaṃ paṭisandhiṃ janakakammavasena vuttaṃ. Aññena pana kammunā ‘‘sahetukaṃ bhavaṅgaṃ ahetukassa bhavaṅgassa anantarapaccayena paccayo’’ti (paṭṭhā. 3.1.102) vacanato sahetukampi vipākacittaṃ ahetukapaṭisandhikassa hotiyeva. Imasmiṃ ca pakkhe balavatā paccayena uppannaṃ asaṅkhāraṃ, dubbalena sasaṅkhāranti veditabbaṃ. Ye pana āgamanato ca vipākassa asaṅkhārasasaṅkhārabhāvaṃ icchanti, tesaṃ matena dvādasa, aṭṭha ca phalantīti yojetabbaṃ. Evaṃ tidhā phalaṃ dadantañcetaṃ kāmāvacarasugatiyaṃ upapattiṃ, sugatiduggatīsu bhogasampadañca karoti. Nāgasupaṇṇādīnampi hi yaṃ devabhogasampattisadisaṃ bhogajātaṃ uppajjati, tampi kāmāvacarakusalasseva phalaṃ. Na hi akusalassa iṭṭhaṃ phalaṃ atthīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rūpāvacaraṃ panā</span>ti <span class="bld">pana</span>-saddo visesatthajotako. Tena yathā kāmāvacaraṃ kilesānaṃ tadaṅgappahānamattakaraṃ, na evamidaṃ, idaṃ pana vikkhambhanappahānakaraṃ. Yathā vā taṃ vedanāñāṇasaṅkhārabhedato aṭṭhadhā bhijjati, na evamidaṃ, idaṃ pana tato aññathā vāti vakkhamānaṃ visesaṃ joteti. Taṃ panetaṃ savatthukaṃ, sāsavaṃ, vinīvaraṇañca rūpāvacaranti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Savatthukaṃ evā’’</span>ti hi iminā arūpāvacaraṃ nivatteti, <span class="bld">‘‘sāsava’’</span>nti iminā paṭhamamaggacittaṃ, <span class="bld">‘‘vinīvaraṇa’’</span>nti iminā paṭighasahitadvayaṃ. Katthaci pañca jhānaṅgāni, katthaci cattāri, katthaci tīṇi, katthaci dve, katthaci aparāni dveti evaṃ jhānaṅgayogabhedato pañcavidhanti saṅkhepato vuttamatthaṃ vivarituṃ <span class="bld">‘‘seyyathida’’</span>ntiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ heṭṭhā <span class="bld">jhānakathāyaṃ</span> (visuddhi. 1.79 ādayo) vuttameva. Tayidaṃ bhāvanāmayameva hutvā vuttanayena pathavīkasiṇādikaṃ ālambitvā yathārahaṃ ñāṇasampayuttakusalānantaraṃ uppajjati, hīnādibhedabhinnaṃ panetaṃ yathākkamaṃ brahmapārisajjādīsu soḷasasupi brahmalokesu upapattinipphādakanti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Rūpasaññāsamatikkamādinā <a name="M2.0119"></a> samadhigantabbaṃ <span class="bld">arūpāvacaraṃ. Catunnaṃ arūpāna</span>nti upekkhāsamādhisaṅkhātehi catūhi arūpajjhānehi. Karaṇe hi etaṃ sāmivacanaṃ. Arūpānaṃ vā yo ārammaṇādikato sampayuttadhammehi yogo yogabhedo, tassa vasena. <span class="bld">Vuttappakārenā</span>ti heṭṭhā <span class="bld">āruppakathāyaṃ</span> <a name="V2.0111"></a> (visuddhi. 1.275 ādayo) vuttappakārena. <span class="bld">Paṭhama</span>nti paṭhamaṃ arūpāvacarakusalacittaṃ. <span class="bld">Dutiyatatiyacatutthānī</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo. Tānimāni bhāvanāmayāneva hutvā yathānupubbaṃ kasiṇugghāṭimākāsaṃ, paṭhamāruppaviññāṇaṃ, natthibhāvaṃ, ākiñcaññāyatananti imāni ālambitvā upekkhāsahagatañāṇasampayuttakusalānantaraṃ uppajjitvā catūsu arūpībrahmalokesu paṭisandhipavattivipākadāyīni. Sesaṃ panettha yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ heṭṭhā vuttameva. Chavisuddhiparamparāya samadhigantabbaṃ <span class="bld">lokuttaraṃ</span>. Tattha vattabbaṃ parato āgamissati. <span class="bld">Catumaggasampayogato</span>ti sotāpattimaggo yāva arahattamaggoti imehi catūhi ariyamaggehi sampayogato. Catubbidhampi cetaṃ bhāvanāmayameva hutvā nibbānaṃ ālambitvā suññato vimokkho, animitto vimokkho, appaṇihito vimokkhoti nāmena uppajjati, sattabhavādibhavūpapattinivattakanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Ekavīsatividhaṃ hoti</span> nātisaṅkhepavitthāranayenāti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para453"></a><span class="paranum">453</span>. <span class="bld">Kāmāvacaramevā</span>ti ettha nikāyantariyā rūpārūpāvacarampi akusalaṃ icchantīti tesaṃ matinisedhanatthaṃ kāmāvacaraggahaṇaṃ. Mahaggatabhūmiyaṃ uppajjantampi tattha rūpadhātuyaṃ pavattivipākaṃ dentampi ekantena kāmāvacaramevāti dassanatthaṃ avadhāraṇaṃ. Yadi evaṃ, kasmā kāmāvacaramevāti? Tattha kāraṇaṃ vuttameva. Kathaṃ vuttaṃ? ‘‘Kāmataṇhā kāmo uttarapadalopato, avacarati etthāti avacaraṃ, kāmassa avacaraṃ kāmāvacara’’nti. Ettha hi kāmataṇhāvisayatā ‘‘kāmāvacarabhāvassa kāraṇaṃ’’ vuttā yathā rūpārūpataṇhāvisayatā ‘‘rūpārūpāvacarabhāvassa’’. Ekaṃsena cetaṃ evaṃ icchitabbaṃ. Aññathā byāpilakkhaṇaṃ na siyā. Yadi hi ālambitabbadhammavasena bhūmivavatthānaṃ kareyya, evaṃ sati anārammaṇānaṃ saṅgaho na siyā. Atha vipākadānavasena, evampi avipākānaṃ saṅgaho na siyā. Tasmā ālambaṇadhammavasena pariyāpannānaṃ sā kātabbā, apariyāpannānaṃ pana lokato uttiṇṇatāya lokuttaratā, uttaritarābhāvato anuttaratā ca veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pariyāpannā</span>ti <a name="M2.0120"></a> ca paricchedakārikāya taṇhāya paricchijja āpannā, gahitāti attho. Nanu cettha kāmataṇhā katamā? Kāmāvacaradhammārammaṇā taṇhā, kāmāvacaradhammā katame? Kāmataṇhāvisayāti itaretarasannissayatādosoti? Nayidamevaṃ avīciādiekaādasokāsaninnatāya kañci taṇhaṃ kāmataṇhābhāvena gahetvā taṃsabhāvāya taṇhāya visayabhāvena <a name="V2.0112"></a> kāmāvacaradhammānaṃ upalakkhitabbattā. <span class="bld">Nikkhepakaṇḍe</span>pi (dha. sa. 985 ādayo) ‘‘etthāvacarā’’ti vacanaṃ avīciparanimmitaparicchinnokāsāya kāmataṇhāya visayabhāvaṃ sandhāya vuttanti gahetabbaṃ. Tadokāsatā ca taṇhāya tanninnatāya veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mūlato tividha</span>nti tīṇi akusalamūlāni lobhādīni, tesaṃ vasena taṃsahitampi tividhanti attho. Tāni hi suppatiṭṭhitabhāvakāraṇattā mūlamivāti mūlāni, lobho mūlaṃ etassāti <span class="bld">lobhamūlaṃ</span>. Asādhāraṇena niddeso yathā bherisaddo, yavaṅkuroti. Tathā <span class="bld">dosamūlaṃ</span>. Moho eva mūlaṃ imassa, nāññanti <span class="bld">mohamūlaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Somanassupekkhādiṭṭhigatasaṅkhārabhedato</span>ti somanassupekkhābhedato diṭṭhigatabhedato saṅkhārabhedatoti paccekaṃ bhedasaddo yojetabbo. Yadettha vattabbaṃ, taṃ heṭṭhā vuttanayameva. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhigatasampayutta</span>nti diṭṭhiyeva diṭṭhigataṃ ‘‘gūthagataṃ, muttagata’’nti (ma. ni. 2.119; a. ni. 9.11) yathā. Atha vā vipariyesaggāhatāya diṭṭhiyā gatameva, na ettha gantabbavatthu tathā sabhāvanti diṭṭhigataṃ. Tayidaṃ ‘‘idameva saccaṃ, moghamañña’’nti (ma. ni. 2.187, 202, 203, 427; 3.27-29) abhinivesabhāvato lobheneva saddhiṃ pavattati, na dosena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yadāhī</span>tiādi lobhamūlacittānaṃ pavattiākāradassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Micchādiṭṭhi</span>nti ucchedadiṭṭhiādimicchādiṭṭhiṃ. Tāya hi vipallatthacittā sattā ‘‘etāvako jīvavisayo yāva indriyagocaro’’ti paralokaṃ paṭikkhipitvā ‘‘natthi kāmesu ādīnavo’’ti yathā tathā kāmesu pātabyataṃ āpajjanti. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena ‘‘esa pantho pageva vihito devayāne, yena yanti puttavanto visokā. Taṃ passanti pasavo, pakkhino ca, tena te mātaripi mithunaṃ carantī’’tiādinā nayena puttamukhadassanaṃ saggamokkhamaggoti evamādikaṃ micchādiṭṭhiṃ saṅgaṇhāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāme</span> <a name="M2.0121"></a> <span class="bld">vā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">vā</span>-saddo aniyamattho, tena brāhmaṇānaṃ suvaṇṇaharaṇameva adinnādāne sāvajjaṃ, itaraṃ anavajjaṃ. Garūnaṃ, gunnaṃ, attano, jīvitassa, vivāhassa ca atthāya musāvādo anavajjo, itaro sāvajjo. Garuādīnaṃ atthāya pesuññaharaṇaṃ anavajjaṃ, itaraṃ sāvajjaṃ. Bhāratayuddhasītāharaṇādikathā pāpavūpasamāya hotīti evamādike micchāgāhe saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhamaṅgalādīnī</span>ti diṭṭhasutamutamaṅgalāni. <span class="bld">Sabhāvatikkhenā</span>ti lobhassa, micchābhinivesassa <a name="V2.0113"></a> vā vasena saraseneva tikhiṇena kurūrena. <span class="bld">Mandenā</span>ti dandhena atikhiṇena. Tādisaṃ pana attano, parassa vā samussāhanena pavattatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘samussāhitenā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Parabhaṇḍaṃ vā haratī</span>ti <span class="bld">vā</span>-saddena tathāpavattanakamusāvādādīnampi saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Kāmānaṃ vā</span> anubhuyyamānānaṃ. <span class="bld">Vā</span>-saddena parasantakassa vā ayathādhippetatāya yaṃ laddhaṃ, taṃ gahetabbanti gahaṇādikaṃ saṅgaṇhāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Duvidhameva hoti</span> sampayuttadhammavasena bhedābhāvato. Yadi evaṃ, kasmā ‘‘domanassasahagataṃ paṭighasampayutta’’nti vuttanti? Asādhāraṇadhammehi tassa cittassa upalakkhaṇatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Pāṇātipātādīsū</span>ti pāṇātipātanādīsu. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena adinnādānamusāvādapesuññapharusasamphappalāpabyāpāde saṅgaṇhāti. Sabhāvatikkhaṃ hutvā pavattamānaṃ cittaṃ asaṅkhārameva hoti, itaraṃ sasaṅkhāranti adhippāyenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tikkhamandappavattikāle’’</span>ti. Mandaṃ pana hutvā pavattamānaṃ ekaṃsena sasaṅkhāramevāti na sakkā viññātuṃ. Yaṃ sasaṅkhārena sappayogena pavattati, taṃ mandameva hotīti katvā tathāvuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Mohekahetukaṃ cittaṃ mūlantaravirahato atimūḷhaṃ, vicikicchuddhaccayogato cañcalañcāti <span class="bld">upekkhāsahagata</span>meva hoti, na tassa kadācipi sabhāvatikkhatā atthi. Ārammaṇe hi saṃsappanavasena, vikkhipanavasena ca pavattamānassa cittadvayassa kīdise kicce sabhāvatikkhatāya, ussāhetabbatāya vā bhavitabbaṃ, tasmā na tattha saṅkhārabhedo atthi. Aññesu akusalacittesu labbhamānampi uddhaccaṃ visesato ettheva balavaṃ, tato eva sampayuttadhammesu padhānaṃ hutvā pavattatīti idameva uddhaccena visesetvā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘uddhaccasampayutta’’</span>nti. Tathā hi <span class="bld">pāḷiyaṃ</span> (dha. sa. 427) idha sarūpato <a name="M2.0122"></a> uddhaccaṃ āgataṃ, evaṃ asādhāraṇapadhānadhammavasena mohamūlaṃ ‘‘vicikicchāsampayuttaṃ, uddhaccasampayutta’’nti duvidhaṃ vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Asanniṭṭhānaṃ</span> saṃsayo. <span class="bld">Vikkhepo</span> avūpasamo, bhantatāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tayidaṃ dvādasavidhampi akusalacittaṃ chasu ārammaṇesu yaṃ vā taṃ vā ālambitvā upekkhāsahagatāhetukakiriyāmanoviññāṇadhātānantaraṃ kāyadvārādīhi tīhi dvārehi kāyakammādivasena yathārahaṃ pāṇātipātādikammapathavasena ceva kammavasena ca uppajjatīti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="V2.0114"></a> ṭhapetvā uddhaccasahagataṃ sesaṃ ekādasavidhampi catūsupi apāyesu paṭisandhiṃ deti, pavattivipākaṃ sugatiyampi. Uddhaccasahagataṃ pana pavattivipākamevāti. Etthāha – kiṃ pana kāraṇaṃ sabbadubbalaṃ vicikicchāsampayuttaṃ paṭisandhiṃ deti, adhimokkhasabbhāvato tato balavantampi uddhaccasahagataṃ na detīti? Dassanena pahātabbesu avuttattā. Idaṃ hi paṭisandhiṃ dentaṃ apāyesu dadeyya, apāyagamanīyañca dassanapahātabbanti tattha vucceyya, na ca vuttaṃ. Tasmā paṭisandhiṃ na deti, pavattivipākadānaṃ panassa na sakkā paṭikkhipituṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭisambhidāvibhaṅge</span> ‘‘uddhaccasahagate ñāṇaṃ dhammapaṭisambhidā, tassa vipāke ñāṇaṃ atthapaṭisambhidā’’ti (vibha. 730 atthato samānaṃ) vacanato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apare panāhu – puthujjanassa uppajjamānaṃ uddhaccasahagataṃ dassanappahātabbasahāyasabbhāvato ubhayavipākampi deti, na sekkhassa tadabhāvatoti. Idamettha vicāretabbaṃ, yassa vipākadānaṃ vuttaṃ, kiṃ taṃ bhāvanāya pahātabbaṃ, udāhu noti? Kiñcettha – yadi tāva bhāvanāya pahātabbaṃ, paṭṭhāne bhāvanāya pahātabbassa nānākkhaṇikakammapaccayabhāvo vattabbo siyā. Atha na bhāvanāya pahātabbaṃ, dassanenapahātabbattike ‘‘nevadassanenanabhāvanāyapahātabba’’miccassa vibhaṅge vattabbaṃ siyā. Yadi tabbiruddhasabhāvatāya tattha na vucceyya, evampi tasmiṃ tike tassa navattabbatā āpajjatīti? Nāpajjati, kiṃ kāraṇaṃ? <span class="bld">Cittuppādakaṇḍe</span> (dha. sa. 365 ādayo) āgatānaṃ dvādasannaṃ akusalacittuppādānaṃ dvīhi padehi saṅgahitattā vibhajitvā dassetabbassa niyogato kassaci cittuppādassa abhāvā, yathā uppannattike atītādīnaṃ navattabbatā na vuttā, evametassāpi. Atha vā bhāvanāya pahātuṃ asakkuṇeyyassāpi tassa puthujjane vattamānassa <a name="M2.0123"></a> bhāvanāya pahātabbasabhāvasāmaññato, sāvajjato ca bhāvanāya pahātabbapariyāyo vijjatīti natthi navattabbatāpasaṅgadoso. Nippariyāyena ca na bhāvanāya pahātabbanti tassa vasena nānākkhaṇikakammapaccayabhāvopi na vutto. Dassanapahātabbapaccayassāpi uddhaccasahagatassa sahāyavekallamattameva dassanena kataṃ, na kocipi bhāvo anuppādadhammataṃ tassa āpāditoti ekantena bhāvanāya pahātabbatā vuttā. Atha vā apāyagamanīyabhāvāpekkhaṃ dassanappahātabbavacananti tadabhāvato taṃ vibhajanaṃ vuttanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para454"></a><span class="paranum">454</span>. ‘‘Viññāṇa’’nti padaṃ apekkhitvā <span class="bld">‘‘abyākataṃ vipāka’’</span>nti ādiko napuṃsakaniddeso, tato eva adhikatābyākatāpekkhāya <span class="bld">duvidha</span>nti vuttaṃ. Aññathā rūpanibbānānampi abyākatabhāvato <a name="V2.0115"></a> taṃ catubbidhanti vattabbaṃ siyā. Vipākassa kāmāvacarādibhāvo kusale vuttanayeneva veditabbo. Ahetukatā sahetukatā viya sampayuttahetuvasena, na nibbattakahetuvasena. Vipākassa hi sahetukatā sahetukakammavasena sijjhamānāpi sampayuttahetuvaseneva vuccati, aññathā ahetukānampi sahetukatā āpajjeyyāti. Kasmā pana sahetukassa ahetuko vipāko hotīti? Tattha kāraṇaṃ vuttameva. Kiñca ārammaṇābhinipātamattesu pañcasu viññāṇesu yathā alobhādisampayogo na sambhavati, evaṃ mandataramandakiccesu sampaṭicchanasantīraṇesūti hetūnaṃ uppattiyā asambhavatopi nesaṃ ahetukatā daṭṭhabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Manoviññāṇato uppajjanavisiṭṭhamananakiccānaṃ abhāvato manomattā dhātu <span class="bld">manodhātu</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Cakkhusannissitaṃ hutvā rūpassa vijānanaṃ lakkhaṇaṃ etassāti <span class="bld">cakkhusannissitarūpavijānanalakkhaṇaṃ</span>. Tattha cakkhusannissitavacanena rūpārammaṇaṃ aññaṃ viññāṇaṃ nivatteti. Vijānanaggahaṇena cakkhusannissite phassādike nivatteti. Cakkhurūpaggahaṇena nissayato, ārammaṇato ca viññāṇaṃ vibhāveti ubhayādhīnavuttikattā. Yadi hi cakkhu nāma na siyā, andhāpi rūpaṃ passeyyuṃ, na ca passanti. Yadi ca nīlādirūpaṃ nāma na siyā, desādiniyamena na bhavitabbaṃ, attheva ca niyamo, ekantasārammaṇatā ca cittassa vuttāti ‘‘ārammaṇena vinā nīlādiābhāsaṃ cittaṃ pavattatī’’ti evaṃ <a name="M2.0124"></a> pavatto vādo micchāvādoti veditabbaṃ. Tenāha bhagavā ‘‘cakkhuñca paṭicca rūpe ca uppajjati cakkhuviññāṇa’’ntiādi (ma. ni. 1.204, 400; 3.421, 425; saṃ. ni. 2.44; 4.60; kathā. 465).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kasmā panettha vacanabhedo katoti? Ekampi cakkhu viññāṇassa paccayo hoti, rūpaṃ pana anekameva saṃhatanti imassa visesassa dassanatthaṃ. Kiṃ pana kāraṇaṃ ekampi cakkhu viññāṇassa paccayo hoti, rūpaṃ pana anekamevāti? Paccayabhāvavisesato. Cakkhu hi cakkhuviññāṇassa nissayapurejātaindriyavippayuttapaccayehi paccayo hontaṃ atthibhāveneva hoti, tasmiṃ sati tassa bhāvato, asati abhāvato. Yato taṃ atthiavigatapaccayehissa paccayo hotīti vuccati, taṃnissayatā cassa na ekadesena allīyanavasena icchitabbā arūpabhāvato, atha kho garurājādīsu sissarājapurisādīnaṃ viya tappaṭibaddhavuttitāya. Itare pana paccayā tena <a name="V2.0116"></a> tena visesena veditabbā. Svāyaṃ paccayabhāvo na ekasmiṃ na sambhavatīti ekampi cakkhu viññāṇassa paccayo hotīti ‘‘cakkhuñca paṭiccā’’ti ekavacanena niddeso kato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Rūpaṃ pana yadipi cakkhu viya purejātaatthiavigatapaccayehi paccayo hoti puretaraṃ hutvā vijjamānakkhaṇeyeva upakārakattā, tathāpi anekameva saṃhataṃ hutvā paccayo hoti ārammaṇabhāvato. Yañhi paccayadhammaṃ sabhāvabhūtaṃ, parikappitākāramattaṃ vā viññāṇaṃ vibhāventaṃ pavattati, tadaññesañca satipi paccayabhāve so tassa sārammaṇasabhāvatāya yaṃ kiñci anālambitvā pavattituṃ asamatthassa olubbha pavattikāraṇatāya ālambanīyato ārammaṇaṃ nāma. Tassa yasmā yathā tathā sabhāvūpaladdhivasena ārammaṇapaccayalābho, tasmā cakkhuviññāṇaṃ rūpaṃ ārabbha pavattamānaṃ tassa sabhāvaṃ vibhāventameva pavattati. Sā cassa indriyādhīnavuttikassa ārammaṇasabhāvūpaladdhi, na ekadvikalāpagatavaṇṇavasena hoti, nāpi katipayakalāpagatavaṇṇavasena, atha kho ābhogānurūpaṃ āpāthagatavaṇṇavasenāti anekameva rūpaṃ saṃhaccakāritāya viññāṇassa paccayo hotīti dassento bhagavā ‘‘rūpe cā’’ti bahuvacanena niddisi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yaṃ <a name="M2.0125"></a> pana ‘‘rūpāyatanaṃ cakkhuviññāṇadhātuyā taṃsampayuttakānañca dhammānaṃ ārammaṇapaccayena paccayo’’ti (paṭṭhā. 1.1.2) vuttaṃ, taṃ kathanti? Tampi yādisaṃ rūpāyatanaṃ cakkhuviññāṇassa ārammaṇapaccayena paccayo hoti, tādisameva sandhāya vuttaṃ. Kīdisaṃ pana tanti? Samuditanti pākaṭoyamattho. Evañca katvā yadeke vadanti ‘‘āyatanasallakkhaṇavasena cakkhuviññāṇādayo sallakkhaṇārammaṇā, na dabbasallakkhaṇavasenā’’ti, tampi yuttameva hoti. Na cettha samudāyārammaṇatā āsaṅkitabbā samudāyābhogassevābhāvato. Samuditā pana vaṇṇadhammā ārammaṇapaccayā honti. Kathaṃ pana paccekaṃ asamatthā samuditā ārammaṇā paccayā honti, na hi paccekaṃ daṭṭhuṃ asakkontā andhā samuditā passantīti? Nayidamekantikaṃ visuṃ visuṃ asamatthānaṃ sivikāvahanādīsu samatthatāya dassanato. Kesādīnañca yasmiṃ ṭhāne ṭhitānaṃ paccekaṃ vaṇṇaṃ gahetuṃ na sakkā, tasmiṃyeva ṭhāne samuditānaṃ vaṇṇaṃ gahetuṃ sakkāti bhiyyopi tesaṃ saṃhaccakāritā paribyattā. Etena cakkhuviññāṇassa paramāṇurūpaṃ ārammaṇaṃ, udāhu taṃsamudāyotiādikā codanā paṭikkhittāti veditabbā. ‘‘Sotañca paṭicca sadde cā’’tiādīsupi (ma. ni. 1.204, 400; 3.421, 425, 426) eseva <a name="V2.0117"></a> nayo. Evaṃ ubhayādhīnavuttikatāya cakkhuviññāṇassa nissayato, ārammaṇato ca vibhāvanaṃ kataṃ, evaṃ sotaviññāṇādīsupi yathārahaṃ vattabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rūpamattārammaṇarasa</span>nti rūpāyatanamattasseva ārammaṇakaraṇarasaṃ. Mattasaddena yathā ārammaṇantaraṃ nivatteti, evaṃ rūpāyatanepi labbhamāne ekacce visese nivatteti. Na hi cakkhuviññāṇaṃ vaṇṇamattato aññaṃ kiñci visesaṃ tattha gahetuṃ sakkoti. Tenāha bhagavā ‘‘pañcahi viññāṇehi na kiñci dhammaṃ paṭivijānāti aññatra abhinipātamattā’’ti. Cakkhuviññāṇaṃ uppajjamānaṃ rūpārammaṇe eva uppajjanato tadabhimukhabhāvena gayhatīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘rūpābhimukhabhāvapaccupaṭṭhāna’’</span>nti. Attano anantaraṃ uppajjamānānaṃ arūpadhammānaṃ samanantaravigatā arūpadhammā pavattiokāsadānena anantarasamanantaranatthivigatapaccayehi upakārakā nissayārammaṇadhammā viya āsannakāraṇanti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘rūpārammaṇāya kiriyamanodhātuyā apagamapadaṭṭhāna’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Sotaviññāṇādīsu</span>pi vuttanayeneva attho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Cakkhuviññāṇādigahitaṃ <a name="M2.0126"></a> rūpādiārammaṇaṃ tadanantarameva aparipatantaṃ katvā sampaṭicchantī gaṇhantī viya hotīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘rūpādisampaṭicchanarasā’’</span>ti. Tathābhāvena sampaṭicchanabhāvena paccupatiṭṭhatīti <span class="bld">tathābhāvapaccupaṭṭhānā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Chasu ārammaṇesu kadāci pañcannaṃ, tato vā katipayānaṃ vijānanasabhāvāpi <span class="bld">chaḷārammaṇavijānanalakkhaṇā</span> vuttā taṃsabhāvānativattanato, chasveva vā itaresaṃ ārammaṇānaṃ antogadhattā. <span class="bld">Santīraṇādikiccā</span>ti santīraṇatadārammaṇakiccā vā, santīraṇatadārammaṇapaṭisandhibhavaṅgacutikiccā vāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">‘‘Hadayavatthupadaṭṭhānā’’</span>ti idaṃ imāsaṃ dvinnaṃ manoviññāṇadhātūnaṃ ekanteneva hadayavatthusannissayatāya vuttaṃ. Heṭṭhā vuttanayena pana taṃtaṃanantarātītaviññāṇāpagamapadaṭṭhānātipi vattuṃ vaṭṭatiyeva. <span class="bld">Tassā bhedo</span>ti tassā vipākamanoviññāṇadhātuyā ‘‘duvidhā’’ti vuttāya duvidhatāsaṅkhāto bhedo. <span class="bld">Ekantamiṭṭhārammaṇe</span>ti ekanteneva iṭṭhe ārammaṇe, ativiya iṭṭhārammaṇeti attho. <span class="bld">Pañcadvāre ceva javanāvasāne cā</span>ti ettha pañcadvāre sampaṭicchanavoṭṭhabbanānaṃ antarāḷaṃ ṭhānaṃ, itaratra javanabhavaṅgānanti evaṃ <span class="bld">dviṭhānā hoti</span>. Itarāyapi santīraṇatadārammaṇakāle yathāvuttameva ṭhānaṃ, paṭisandhiādikāle pana cutibhavaṅgānaṃ <a name="V2.0118"></a> antarāḷaṃ paṭisandhiyā, paṭisandhiāvajjanānaṃ tadārammaṇāvajjanānaṃ javanāvajjanānaṃ voṭṭhabbanāvajjanānañca antarāḷaṃ bhavaṅgassa, tadārammaṇapaṭisandhīnaṃ javanapaṭisandhīnaṃ vā antarāḷaṃ cutiyā ṭhānanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Chasū</span>ti ettha pubbe vuttanayeneva vibhāgo veditabbo. Kāyassa nissayabhūtānaṃ nātiiṭṭhaphoṭṭhabbabhūtānaṃ paṭighaṭṭanānighaṃsassa balavabhāvato <span class="bld">kāyaviññāṇaṃ sukhasampayuttaṃ</span>. Upādārūpānaṃyeva ghaṭṭanā dubbalāti cakkhuviññāṇādīni upekkhāsahagatāni. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sesaṃ upekkhāyutta’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Sesaṃ</span> chabbidhampi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Alobhādosāmohā ceva alobhādosā ca alobhādayo, tehi alobhādīhi vipākahetūhi sampayuttaṃ <span class="bld">alobhādivipākahetusampayuttaṃ. Kāmāvacarakusalaṃ viya somanassādibhedato</span>ti yathā kāmāvacaraṃ kusalaṃ somanassupekkhāñāṇasaṅkhārabhedato aṭṭhavidhaṃ, evamidampīti aṭṭhavidhatāya sadisataṃ dasseti. Kāmāvacarabhāvato hīnādito, yonīsu uppattito ca sadisameva, sampayuttadhammato pana ārammaṇato, pavattiākārato ca visadisaṃ. Tathā <a name="M2.0127"></a> hi kusalaṃ kammadvāravasena pavattati, na idaṃ, vipākānaṃ aviññattijanakattā. Uppattidvāravasena pana imassāpi attheva pavattibhedo pañcadvāramanodvāresu mahāvipākānaṃ tadārammaṇavasena pavattisambhavato. Yathā pana kusalaṃ gativasena pañcavidhaṃ, viññāṇaṭṭhitivasena sattavidhañca, na evamidaṃ tadekadese eva uppajjanato. Tattha ārammaṇato, ekaccapavattiākārato ca visadisataṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yathā panā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Chasu ārammaṇesū</span>ti parittādiatītādiajjhattādippabhedesu chasu ārammaṇesu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āgamanādivasenā</span>ti āgamanapaccayavasena. Tattha ekaccānaṃ ācariyānaṃ matena mukhe calite ādāsatale mukhanimittaṃ calanaṃ viya asaṅkhārassa kusalassa vipāko asaṅkhāro, sasaṅkhārassa kusalassa vipāko sasaṅkhāroti evaṃ āgamanavasena. Ekaccānaṃ pana ācariyānaṃ matena balavantehi vibhūtehi paccayehi kammādīhi uppanno asaṅkhāro, dubbalehi sasaṅkhāroti evaṃ paccayavasena. <span class="bld">Sampayuttadhammāna</span>nti pāḷiyaṃ sarūpato āgatasampayuttadhammānaṃ. Tesaṃ hi vasena kusalato vipākassa visesābhāvo. <span class="bld">Nirussāha</span>nti ettha ussāho nāma anupacchinnāvijjātaṇhāmānasantāne <a name="V2.0119"></a> vipākuppādanasamatthatāsaṅkhāto byāpāro, so vipākesu natthīti taṃ nirussāhaṃ. Kusalesu pana abhiññāvasapavattesupi atthevāti taṃ <span class="bld">saussāhaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Lobhādīnaṃ ekantasāvajjatāya ayonisomanasikārahetukānaṃ natthi vipākabhāvo, alobhādīnampi ekantaanavajjasabhāvānaṃ kāraṇassa tabbidhuratāya nattheva akusalavipākabhāvoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘akusalavipākaṃ ahetukamevā’’</span>ti. Yathā atiiṭṭhe, iṭṭhamajjhatte ca ārammaṇe vedanābhedasabbhāvato kusalavipākamanoviññāṇadhātu duvidhā hoti somanassasahagatā, upekkhāsahagatāti, na evaṃ atianiṭṭhe, aniṭṭhamajjhatte ca ārammaṇe vedanābhedo atthīti akusalavipākamanoviññāṇadhātu ekamevāti <span class="bld">‘‘sattavidha’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. Sati hi tattha vedanābhede atianiṭṭhe domanassena bhavitabbaṃ, na ca paṭighena vinā domanassaṃ uppajjatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāyaviññāṇassa dukkhasahagatatā kusalavipāke vuttavipariyāyena veditabbā. <span class="bld">Upekkhā hīnā</span>ti ekantanihīnassa akusalassa vipākabhāvato upekkhāpi samānā hīnā eva dukkhasabhāvattā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘dukkhaṃ viya</span> <a name="M2.0128"></a> <span class="bld">nātitikhiṇā’’</span>ti. Yathā dukkhaṃ ativiya tikhiṇaṃ kaṭukaṃ, na evamayaṃ, tathāpi dukkhasabhāveneva pavattati. Na hi akusalassa vipāko adukkho hoti. Upekkhābhāvo cassa balavatā bādhiyamānassa paṭippaharituṃ asakkontassa dubbalassa purisassa tena kariyamānabādhāya upekkhanā viyāti daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Itaresū</span>ti kusalavipākesu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rūpāvacara</span>nti rūpāvacaravipākaviññāṇaṃ. Vipākakathā hesāti. <span class="bld">Kusalaṃ viyā</span>ti rūpāvacarakusalaṃ viya. Na hi rūpāvacaravipāko tadaññakusalasadiso. Apica sambandhisaddā ete, yadidaṃ ‘‘kusalaṃ, vipāko’’ti ca. Tasmā yathā ‘‘mātaraṃ payirupāsatī’’ti vutte attano mātaranti avuttampi siddhamevetaṃ, evaṃ idhāpīti attano kusalaṃ viyāti attho. Kusalasadisatā cettha dhammato, ārammaṇato ca veditabbā. Tathā hi ye phassādayo kusale labbhanti, te vipākepi labbhanti. Yasmiṃ ca ārammaṇe kusalaṃ pavattati, tattheva ayaṃ vipākopi pavattati. Yaṃ panettha pañcamajjhānacittaṃ abhiññāppattaṃ, tassa vipāko eva natthi. Kasmā natthi? Asambhavato, ānisaṃsabhūtattā ca. Tañhi vipākaṃ dentaṃ rūpāvacarameva dadeyya. Na hi aññabhūmikaṃ kammaṃ aññabhūmikaṃ vipākaṃ deti. Kammanimittārammaṇatā ca rūpāvacaravipākassa vuttāti na taṃ aññaṃ ārabbha <a name="V2.0120"></a> pavattati. Parittārammaṇādiārammaṇañca taṃ na hotīti ayamasambhavo. Jhānassa ānisaṃsabhūtañca dānādīnaṃ tasmiṃ attabhāve paccayalābho viyāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pavattito pana vipākassa, kusalassa ca attheva bhedoti taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kusalaṃ panā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Kusalaṃ viya kasiṇugghāṭimākāsādiārammaṇabhedato catubbidhaṃ. Pavattibhedo vuttanayova javanavasena, paṭisandhiādivasena ca pavattanato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Catumaggayuttacittaphalattā</span>ti catūhi ariyamaggehi sampayuttakusalacittassa phalattā, catubbidhasāmaññaphalasampayuttabhāvatoti attho. Maggavīthiyaṃ dvikkhattuṃ, tikkhattuṃ vā phalasamāpattiyaṃ aparicchinnaparimāṇaṃ pavattamānampi dvīsu ṭhānesu pavattiyā <span class="bld">‘‘dvidhā pavattatī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbampī</span>ti tevīsatividhaṃ kāmāvacaravipākaṃ, pañcavidhaṃ rūpāvacaravipākaṃ, catubbidhaṃ arūpāvacaravipākaṃ, catubbidhameva lokuttaravipākanti sabbampi vipākaviññāṇaṃ nātisaṅkhepavitthāranayena chattiṃsavidhaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhūmibhedato</span> <a name="M2.0129"></a> <span class="bld">tividhaṃ</span> lokuttarassa abhāvato. Lokuttarañhi kiriyacittaṃ natthi ekantena anantaravipākadāyibhāvato. Vuttañhi ‘‘samādhimānantarikaññamāhū’’ti (khu. pā. 6.5; su. ni. 228). Hotu tāva sekkhānaṃ uppajjamānaṃ anuttaraṃ kusalaṃ puggalantarabhāvūpanayanato saphalaṃ, arahato pana uppajjamānaṃ puggalantarabhāvūpanayanato nipphalaṃ, tassa kiriyabhāvo kasmā na icchitoti? Icchitabbo siyā. Yadi tassa punappunaṃ uppatti siyā, sakiṃyeva pana lokuttarakusalaṃ pavattati. Yadi hi punappunaṃ pavatteyya, maggacittaṃ arahatopi pavattatīti lokuttarakiriyacittaṃ siyā, na cetaṃ atthi payojanābhāvato. Tasmā natthi lokuttarakiriyaviññāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Kiriyaviññāṇa</span>nti ca kiriyāmattaṃ viññāṇaṃ, kusalākusalaṃ viya kiñci vipākaṃ anuppādetvā kiriyāmattameva hutvā pavattanakaviññāṇanti attho. Kasmā panetaṃ vipākaṃ na uppādetīti? Vuccate – ettha hi yadetaṃ āvajjanadvayaṃ, taṃ anupacchinnabhavamūlepi santāne pavattaṃ anāsevanatāya dubbalabhāvato abījasāmatthiyaṃ viya pupphaṃ aphalameva hoti. Yaṃ pana ucchinnabhavamūlāyaṃ santatiyaṃ pavattaṃ aṭṭhārasavidhaṃ viññāṇaṃ, taṃ samucchinnamūlāya latāya pupphaṃ viya phaladāyi na hotīti veditabbaṃ. Aññassa asambhavato <a name="V2.0121"></a> kiriyahetunā nāma alobhādināva bhavitabbanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘alobhādikiriyahetuvirahita’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Cakkhuviññāṇādīnaṃ purecarā hutvā rūpādiārammaṇānaṃ vijānanalakkhaṇā <span class="bld">cakkhuviññāṇādipurecararūpādivijānanalakkhaṇā</span>. Ayaṃ pana manoviññāṇato uppannāpi visiṭṭhamananakiccābhāvena manomattā dhātūti <span class="bld">manodhātu</span>. Tathā hesā manoviññāṇassa paccayo na hoti. Ayamettha saṅkhepo, vitthāro pana <span class="bld">dhātuniddese</span> (visuddhi. 2.517) āgamissati. <span class="bld">Āvajjanarasā</span>ti ābhogarasā, cittasantānassa vā purimākārato aññathā oṇojanarasā. <span class="bld">Bhavaṅgavicchedapadaṭṭhānā</span>ti bhavaṅgasantānavicchedapadaṭṭhānā. Apubbārammaṇā sakideva pavattamānā sabbathā visayarasaṃ anubhavituṃ na sakkotīti iṭṭhādīsu sabbattha <span class="bld">upekkhāyuttāva hoti</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sādhāraṇā</span>ti sekkhāsekkhaputhujjanānaṃ sādhāraṇā. <span class="bld">Asādhāraṇā</span>ti asekkhānaṃyeva āveṇikā. <span class="bld">Voṭṭhabbanāvajjanarasā</span>ti pañcadvāre santīraṇena gahitārammaṇaṃ vavatthapentī viya pavattanato voṭṭhabbanarasā, manodvāre <a name="M2.0130"></a> pana vuttanayena āvajjanarasā. Tathābhāvena pañcadvāramanodvāresu yathākkamaṃ voṭṭhabbanāvajjanabhāvena paccupatiṭṭhatīti <span class="bld">tathābhāvapaccupaṭṭhānā</span>. Voṭṭhabbanakāle santīraṇakiccānaṃ tissannaṃ ahetukavipākamanoviññāṇadhātūnaṃ āvajjanakāle yassa kassaci bhavaṅgassāti imesaṃ aññatarāpagamo etissā āsannakāraṇanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ahetuka…pe… padaṭṭhānā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Arahata</span>nti arahataṃyeva asādhāraṇabhāvato. <span class="bld">Anuḷāresū</span>ti aṭṭhikasaṅkhalikapetarūpādīsu, aññesu vā appaṇītesu vatthūsu. <span class="bld">Hasituppādanarasā</span>ti hasitasseva uppādanarasā. Tathā hi taṃ cittaṃ ‘‘hasituppādana’’ntveva vuccati, na aññesaṃ hasituppādakacittānaṃ abhāvato. Aññānipi hi dvādasa somanassasahagatāni parittakusalākusalakiriyacittāni yathārahaṃ puthujjanādīnaṃ hasituppādakāni vijjanti, idaṃ pana cittaṃ vicāraṇapaññāvirahitaṃ parittesu appaṇītesu ārammaṇesu arahantānaṃ somanassamattaṃ uppādentaṃ uppajjati. Bhagavatopi uppajjatīti aṭṭhakathāyaṃ vuttaṃ, taṃ atītaṃsādīsu appaṭihatañāṇaṃ vatvā ‘‘imehi tīhi dhammehi samannāgatassa buddhassa bhagavato sabbaṃ kāyakammaṃ ñāṇapubbaṅgamaṃ ñāṇānuparivattī’’ti (mahāni. 69; cūḷani. mogharājamāṇavapucchāniddesa 85; paṭi. ma. 3.5) vacanato vicāretabbanti eke<a name="V2.0122"></a>. Tattha hasituppādacittena pavattiyamānampi bhagavato sitakaraṇaṃ pubbenivāsānāgataṃsasabbaññutaññāṇānaṃ anuvattakattā ñāṇānuparivattiyevāti evaṃ pana ñāṇānuparivattibhāve sati na koci pāḷiaṭṭhakathānaṃ virodho. Evañca katvā aṭṭhakathāyaṃ ‘‘tesaṃ ñāṇānaṃ ciṇṇapariyante idaṃ cittaṃ uppajjatī’’ti vuttaṃ. Avassañca etaṃ evaṃ icchitabbaṃ, aññathā aññassāpi viññattisamuṭṭhāpakassa ahetukacittassa bhagavato uppatti na yujjeyya. Na hi viññattisamuṭṭhāpakassa taṃsamuṭṭhitāya viññattiyā kāyakammādibhāvaṃ āpajjanabhāvo vibandhatīti. <span class="bld">Ekantato hadayavatthupadaṭṭhānā</span> pañcavokārabhave eva uppajjanato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ayamettha viseso</span>ti ayaṃ sekkhaputhujjanānaṃ uppattiyā vipākuppādanasamatthatā, arahataṃ uppattiyā tadabhāvoti ubhayesaṃ santāne uppattisamupalakkhito ettha kusalakiriyaviññāṇesu viseso. Evañca katvā paccayavekallena avipākassāpi kusalākusalassa kiriyabhāvappasaṅgo <a name="M2.0131"></a> nivattito hoti. Parato <span class="bld">kusalato viseso</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para455"></a><span class="paranum">455</span>. <span class="bld">Sabbānipi</span> kusalākusalabyākatāni <span class="bld">ekūnanavuti viññāṇāni honti</span> nātisaṅkhepavitthāranayenāti adhippāyo. Paṭisandhiviññāṇādīnaṃ kiccaṃ nāma bhavantarapaṭisandhādinā ākārena pavatti eva. Tabbinimuttañca cittassa aññaṃ kiccaṃ natthīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘cuddasahi ākārehi pavattantī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ānubhāvenā</span>ti sāmatthiyena. Katūpacitaṃ hi kammaṃ avasesapaccayasamavāye vipākaṃ dentaṃ attano ānubhāvaṃ vissajjantaṃ viya hoti. <span class="bld">Devamanussesū</span>ti chasu kāmāvacaradevesu ceva manussesu ca. <span class="bld">Kammakammanimittagatinimittāna</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">kammaṃ</span> nāma katūpacitaṃ kāmāvacarakusalakammaṃ, tañca kho vipākadānāya laddhokāsaṃ. Tenāha ‘‘paccupaṭṭhita’’nti. <span class="bld">Kammanimittaṃ</span> kammāyūhanakkhaṇe cetanāya paccayabhūtaṃ deyyadhammādi. <span class="bld">Gatinimittaṃ</span> yaṃ gatiṃ upapajjati, tappariyāpannaṃ rūpāyatanaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṇḍakādibhāva</span>nti paṇḍakamūgamammanādibhāvaṃ. Dubbalassa dvihetukakusalassa vipākabhūtā upekkhāsahagatāhetumanoviññāṇadhātu <span class="bld">dubbala…pe… manoviññāṇadhātu. Nesa</span>nti bhāvitarūpārūpāvacarakusalānaṃ sattānaṃ. <span class="bld">Kammanimittamevā</span>ti pathavīkasiṇādikaṃ attano kammārammaṇameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V2.0123"></a> <span class="bld">tāvetthā</span>ti ettha viññāṇakkhandhaniddese evaṃ saṅkhepato sarūpadassanamatteneva ekūnavīsatiyā vipākaviññāṇānaṃ paṭisandhivasena pavatti veditabbā. Bhavālambanādivibhāgena pana yadettha vattabbaṃ, taṃ <span class="bld">paṭiccasamuppādakathāyaṃ</span> āgamissatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Taṃ ta</span>nti ekūnavīsatiyā paṭisandhiviññāṇesu yaṃ yaṃ uppajjitvā niruddhaṃ, taṃ taṃ anantaraṃ uppattiyā <span class="bld">anubandhamānaṃ. Tassa tassevā</span>ti yassa yassa kammassa vipākabhūtaṃ paṭisandhiviññāṇaṃ, tassa tasseva. <span class="bld">Tasmiññevā</span>ti kammādike eva. Kammañce paṭisandhiviññāṇassa ārammaṇaṃ, tasmiṃ kamme, atha kammanimittaṃ, gatinimittañca, tasmiṃ kammanimitte gatinimitteti attho. <span class="bld">Tādisamevā</span>ti yādisaṃ paṭisandhiviññāṇaṃ hetuto, sesasampayuttadhammato ca tādisameva. <span class="bld">Santānavinivattake</span>ti bhavaṅgasantānassa vinivattanake. <span class="bld">Aññasmiṃ</span> āvajjanasaṅkhāte <span class="bld">cittuppāde</span>. Kiriyamayacitteneva supinadassanaṃ <a name="M2.0132"></a> hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘supinaṃ apassato’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Aparimāṇasaṅkhyampi pavattatiyeva,</span> tathā hidaṃ upapattibhavassa aṅgabhāvena pavattanato ‘‘bhavaṅga’’nti vuccati. <span class="bld">Tesaññevā</span>ti paṭisandhibhūtānaṃyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Indriyānī</span>ti cakkhādīni indriyāni. <span class="bld">Ārammaṇagahaṇakkhamānī</span>ti rūpādiārammaṇaṃ gahetuṃ samatthāni. Mātukucchigatakāle viya hi bahinikkhantakālepi na tāva indriyāni sakiccakāni honti, anukkamena pana visadabhāvaṃ pattakāle eva sakiccakāni honti. Tenevāha ‘‘idha paripakkattā āyatanāna’’nti. <span class="bld">Āpāthagate</span>ti yogyadesāvaṭṭhite. Tameva yogyadesāvaṭṭhitaṃ <span class="bld">rūpaṃ paṭicca</span> ghaṭṭanā paccayaṃ laddhā. <span class="bld">Ghaṭṭanā</span>ti paṭighāto, yena byāpārādivisesapaccayantarasahite cakkhussa visaye vikāruppattivisadisuppattivisayassa iṭṭhāniṭṭhabhāvena anuggaho, upaghāto cāti attho. <span class="bld">Tato</span>ti ghaṭṭanānantaraṃ. <span class="bld">Ghaṭṭanānubhāvenā</span>ti ghaṭṭanābalena. <span class="bld">Bhavaṅgacalana</span>nti bhavaṅgacittassa pakampanaṃ, tathā dvikkhattuṃ pavattiyā visadisassa kāraṇabhāvūpagamananti attho. Tañhi cittasantānassa purimāvatthāya bhinnāvatthāhetutāya calanaṃ viyāti ‘‘calana’’nti vuttaṃ. Visayavisayībhāvasiddhāya dhammatāya ārammaṇassa abhimukhībhāvena pasādassa tāva ghaṭṭanā hotu, aññasannissitassa pana bhavaṅgassa calanaṃ kathaṃ hotīti? Taṃsambandhabhāvato. Bheritale ṭhapitāsu sakkharāsu ekissā sakkharāya ghaṭitāya tadaññasakkharāyaṃ ṭhitamakkhikā calanaṃ cettha udāharaṇanti. <span class="bld">Tadeva rūpa</span>nti tadeva bhavaṅgacalanassa paccayabhūtaṃ āpāthagataṃ rūpāyatanaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhavaṅgaṃ vicchindamānā viyā</span>ti bhavaṅgasantānaṃ vicchindantī <a name="V2.0124"></a> viya. Tadārammaṇuppattiyā parato bhavaṅgassa uppajjanato visayaggahaṇaṃ pañcadvārāvajjanaṃ vatvā tadanantaraṃ dassanādīsu vattabbesu tāni avatvā manodvārāvajjanassa gahaṇaṃ uddese dvinnaṃ āvajjanānaṃ āvajjanasāmaññena gahitattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āvajjanānantara</span>nti pañcadvārāvajjanānantaraṃ. Ye hadayavatthu viya sampaṭicchanādivīthicittānipi nānujānanti, tesaṃ ‘‘sampaṭicchanāya cakkhuviññāṇadhātuyā’’tiādinā tattha tattha pāḷi āgatā. Na hi sakkā pāḷiṃ paṭisedhetuṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Sace</span> <a name="M2.0133"></a> <span class="bld">mahantaṃ hotī’’</span>ti idaṃ javanapariyosānāya cittappavattiyā vuccamānattā vuttaṃ. Cuddasacittakkhaṇāyukañhi ārammaṇamidha ‘‘mahanta’’nti adhippetaṃ, tañca uppajjitvā dviticittakkhaṇātītaṃ hutvā āpāthagamanavasena veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yathāvavatthāpite</span>ti voṭṭhabbanena vuttākārena katavavatthāpane. Āvajjanāya, voṭṭhabbanassa ca vuttattā ‘‘avasesakāmāvacarakiriyāna’’nti avasesaggahaṇaṃ kataṃ. <span class="bld">Cha satta vā</span>ti <span class="bld">vā</span>-saddena ‘‘pañca vā’’ti idampi vuttamevāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Suttamucchitādikāle hi pañcapi javanāni javantīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tāniyevā</span>ti ‘‘aṭṭhannaṃ vā’’tiādinā (visuddhi. 2.455) vuttāni ekūnatiṃsa kāmāvacarajavanāniyeva. Ito aññaṃ manodvārāvajjanānantaraṃ uppajjanakacittaṃ nāma natthīti dassanatthaṃ evakāraggahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Gotrabhūto’’</span>ti idaṃ gotrabhuṭṭhāniyānaṃ parikammavodānānampi gahaṇaṃ, na gotrabhuno eva. <span class="bld">Phalacittānī</span>ti samāpattivasena pavattanakaphalacittāni. <span class="bld">Yaṃ yaṃ laddhapaccaya</span>nti yaṃ yaṃ javanaṃ rūpāvacarajavanādivasena gotrabhuanantaraṃ uppattiyā laddhapaccayaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Atimahanta</span>nti soḷasacittakkhaṇāyukaṃ. Tattha hi tadārammaṇacittaṃ uppajjati, na aññattha. <span class="bld">Vibhūta</span>nti supākaṭaṃ, tañca kāmāvacarameva. Tattha hi tadārammaṇassa uppatti. <span class="bld">Kāmāvacarajavanāvasāne</span>ti kāmāvacarajavanasseva avasāne. Na hi taṃ kāmataṇhāhetukakammanibbattaṃ mahaggatānuttarajavanaṃ anubandhati ajanakattā, janakāsadisattā ca. Yathā gehato bahi gantukāmo taruṇadārako janakaṃ, janakasadisaṃ vā anubandhati, na aññaṃ, evamidampi<a name="V2.0125"></a>. Tatthāpi na sabbasmā javanā sabbaṃ javanena tadārammaṇassa niyametabbato, ārammaṇena ca vedanāya parivattetabbato. Tatthāyaṃ niyamo – parittakusalalobhamohamūlasomanassasahagatakiriyajavanānaṃ aññatarānantaraṃ atimahati visaye pañcannaṃ somanassasahagatānaṃ aññataraṃ tadārammaṇaṃ uppajjati, tathā parittakusalākusalaupekkhāsahagatakiriyajavanānaṃ aññatarānantaraṃ upekkhāsahagatānaṃ channaṃ tadārammaṇānaṃ aññataraṃ pavattati. <span class="bld">Iṭṭhārammaṇādīna</span>nti iṭṭhaiṭṭhamajjhattaaniṭṭhārammaṇānaṃ vasenāti sambandho. Tayidaṃ ārammaṇena vedanāparivattidassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Purimakammavasenā’’</span>ti idaṃ tadārammaṇavisesadassanatthaṃ. Na <a name="M2.0134"></a> hi paṭisandhijanakameva kammaṃ tadārammaṇaṃ janeti, atha kho aññakammampi. Taṃ pana paṭisandhidāyinā kammena nibbattetabbatadārammaṇato visadisampi nibbattetīti. <span class="bld">‘‘Javanacittavasenā’’</span>ti idaṃ tadārammaṇaniyamadassanatthaṃ. ‘‘Javanena tadārammaṇaṃ niyametabba’’nti hi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena paṭisandhicittaṃ saṅgaṇhāti. Tañhi attano ukkaṭṭhatarassa tadārammaṇassa paccayo na hoti. <span class="bld">Yo yo paccayo laddho hotī</span>ti yathāvuttesu iṭṭhārammaṇādīsu yo yo tadārammaṇassa uppattiyā paccayo samaveto hoti. <span class="bld">Kiñci antara</span>nti kiñci khaṇantaraṃ. <span class="bld">Udakamivā</span>ti paṭisotaṃ gacchantaṃ udakamiva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dvikkhattuṃ sakiṃ vā</span>ti vacanasiliṭṭhavasena vuttaṃ ‘‘aṭṭha vā dasa vā’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 8.11; pārā. 11) viya. Dvikkhattuṃyeva pana vaṇṇenti. Vipākacittattā, āvajjanassa ca vidūrattā, mūlabhavaṅgādibhavaṅgasāmaññasabbhāvato ca bhavaṅgassa ārammaṇe pavattanārahaṃ samānaṃ tassa javanassa ārammaṇaṃ ārammaṇaṃ etassāti tadārammaṇanti vuccati ekassa ārammaṇasaddassa lopaṃ katvā ‘‘kāmāvacaraṃ, oṭṭhamukha’’nti ca yathā. Ettha ca keci ‘‘paṭṭhāne ‘kusalākusale niruddhe vipāko tadārammaṇatā uppajjatī’ti (paṭṭhā. 1.1.406) vipākadhammadhammānaṃ eva anantaraṃ tadārammaṇaṃ vutta’’nti kiriyājavanānantaraṃ na icchanti. Vipphāravantaṃ hi javanaṃ nāvaṃ viya nadīsoto bhavaṅgaṃ anubandhati, na pana chaḷaṅgupekkhāvato santavuttikiriyajavanaṃ paṇṇapuṭaṃ viya nadīsototi. Tayidaṃ labbhamānassāpi kenaci adhippāyena katthaci avacanaṃ dissati, yathā taṃ dhammasaṅgahe akusalaniddese labbhamānopi adhipati na vutto. Yañca paṇṇapuṭaṃ nidassitaṃ, tampi nidassitabbena na samānaṃ. Nāvāpaṇṇapuṭānañhi nadīsotassa āvaṭṭanaṃ, gati ca visadisīti nāvāya nadīsotassa anubandhanaṃ, paṇṇapuṭassa ananubandhanañca yujjati, idha pana kiriyajavanetarajavanānaṃ bhavaṅgasotassa <a name="V2.0126"></a> āvaṭṭanaṃ, gati ca sadisīti etassa ananubandhanaṃ, itarassa anubandhanañca na yujjati. Tasmā vicāretabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhavaṅgamevā</span>ti avadhāraṇaṃ bhavapariyosānassa idha na adhippetattā. Aññathā tadārammaṇāvasāne cutipi na hotiyeva. <span class="bld">Dassanādīnī</span>ti dassanasavanaghāyanasāyanaphusanāni. <span class="bld">Iti</span>-saddo ādiattho, tena sampaṭicchanādīnaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. Paṭisandhito bhavaṅgameva, bhavaṅgato āvajjanamevāti <a name="M2.0135"></a> evaṃ pavatta<span class="bld">cittaniyamavaseneva. Tampī</span>ti cuticittampi. Paṭisandhibhavaṅgacittāni viya <span class="bld">ekūnavīsatividhameva hoti</span> atthato bhedābhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhavagatiṭhitinivāsesū</span>ti tīsu bhavesu, pañcasu gatīsu, sattasu viññāṇaṭṭhitīsu, navasu sattāvāsesu ca. Yo panettha acittako, so idha na gahetabbo viññāṇakathābhāvato. ‘‘Etthā’’ti idaṃ ‘‘saṃsaramānānaṃ sattāna’’nti iminā sambandhitabbaṃ. Ettha etesu vuttanayena saṃsaramānesu sattesu yo pana arahattaṃ pāpuṇāti sammāpaṭipattimanvāyāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Tassa</span> arahato <span class="bld">niruddhameva hoti</span> cittaṃ appaṭisandhikabhāvato.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti viññāṇakkhandhe vitthārakathāmukhavaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Vedanākkhandhakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para456"></a><span class="paranum">456</span>. Vedena anubhavanākārena ayitaṃ pavattaṃ vedayitaṃ, vedayitanti lakkhitabbadhammajātaṃ <span class="bld">vedayitalakkhaṇaṃ</span>. Taṃ pana atthato vedanā evāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vedayitalakkhaṇaṃ nāma vedanāvā’’</span>ti. Atha vā vedayitaṃ lakkhaṇaṃ etissāti kappanāsiddhaṃ bhedaṃ nissāya aññapadatthasamāsavasenāpi vedanāva vuccatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vedayitalakkhaṇaṃ nāma vedanāvā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Vedayati vedayatī</span>ti byāpanicchāvasena vacanaṃ vedanāya savisaye abhiṇhappavattidassanatthaṃ. Sabhāvadhammato añño kattā natthīti dassanatthaṃ kattuniddeso. <span class="bld">Itī</span>ti aniyamato hetuattho. <span class="bld">Kho</span>ti vacanālaṅkāramattaṃ. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti tassa niyamanaṃ. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – yasmā yathāpaccayaṃ ārammaṇarasaṃ anubhavati, tasmā vedanāti vuccatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Kusalaviññāṇena</span> <a name="V2.0127"></a> <span class="bld">sampayuttā’’</span>ti idaṃ kusalāya vedanāya upalakkhaṇaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Yā kāci kusalā vedanā, sabbā sā kusalena viññāṇena sampayuttāti, na pana tassā kusalabhāvasaṃsiddhidassanatthaṃ. Na hi kusalena viññāṇena sampayogato kusalāya vedanāya kusalabhāvo, atha <a name="M2.0136"></a> kho yonisomanasikārādikato. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘jātivasenā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Akusalādīsu</span>pi eseva nayo. Yathā pana jātivasena kusalādiviññāṇasampayuttatāya tividhā, evaṃ yāva ekūnanavutiviññāṇasampayuttāti ekūnanavutividhā veditabbā. <span class="bld">Sabhāvabhedato</span>ti sampayuttabhūmiārammaṇādivasena labbhamānaṃ bhedaṃ aggahetvā kevalaṃ sabhāvakatabhedato evāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Pañcavidhā’’ti vatvā taṃ pañcavidhataṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sukha’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha sukhayatīti <span class="bld">sukhaṃ,</span> kāyaṃ, sampayuttadhamme ca laddhassāde karotīti attho. Suṭṭhu vā khādati, khaṇati vā kāyikaṃ ābādhanti <span class="bld">sukhaṃ</span>. Sukaraṃ okāsadānaṃ etassāti <span class="bld">sukha</span>nti apare. Dukkhayatīti <span class="bld">dukkhaṃ,</span> kāyaṃ, sampayuttadhamme ca vibādhatīti attho. Duṭṭhu vā khādati, khaṇati vā kāyikaṃ assādanti <span class="bld">dukkhaṃ</span>. Dukkaraṃ okāsadānaṃ etassāti <span class="bld">dukkha</span>nti apare. <span class="bld">Somanassupekkhānaṃ</span> saddattho heṭṭhā vuttoyeva. Domanassassa somanasse vuttanayānusārena veditabbaṃ. Kiṃ pana kāraṇaṃ mānasetarasātāsātavasena sukhaṃ, dukkhañca vibhajitvā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sukhaṃ somanassaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassa’’</span>nti, upekkhā pana mānasī, itarā ca ekadhāva vuttāti? Bhedābhāvato. Yathā hi anuggahūpaghātakatāya sukhadukkhāni aññathā kāyassa anuggahamupaghātañca karonti, aññathā manaso, na evamupekkhā. Tasmā bhedābhāvato ekadhāva upekkhā vuttāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha yena sabhāvabhedena vedanā pañcavidhā, sā pavattiṭṭhāne dassite supākaṭā hotīti pavattiṭṭhānaṃ tāva dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tatthā’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. <span class="bld">Akusalavipākenā</span>ti etthāpi ‘‘kāyaviññāṇena sampayutta’’nti ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ. Yathā adhikaraṇīmatthake kappāsapicupiṇḍaṃ ṭhapetvā ayokūṭena paharantassa picupiṇḍaṃ atikkamitvā kūṭaṃ adhikaraṇiṃ gaṇhāti, nighaṃso balavā hoti, evaṃ paṭighaṭṭanānighaṃsassa balavabhāvato iṭṭhe, iṭṭhamajjhatte ca ārammaṇe kāyaviññāṇaṃ sukhasahagataṃ hoti. Aniṭṭhe, aniṭṭhamajjhatte ca dukkhasahagatanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kusala…pe… dukkha’’</span>nti. Kāmāvacaravipākaviññāṇāni pañca kammārammaṇavasena somanassasahagatāni honti, rūpāvacaravipākāni cattāri kammavasena, sesāni terasa kāmāvacarāni, aṭṭha rūpāvacarāni, dvattiṃsa lokuttarāni, yathārahaṃ <a name="M2.0137"></a> cetobhisaṅkhārārammaṇapādakādivasena <a name="V2.0128"></a> somanassasahagatāni hontīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘somanassaṃ dvāsaṭṭhiyā viññāṇehi sampayutta’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Domanassaṃ dvīhi</span> akusalaviññāṇehi sampayuttaṃ cetobhisaṅkhārārammaṇādivasena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Avasesapañcapaññāsāyā</span>ti yathāvuttāni chasaṭṭhi viññāṇāni ṭhapetvā avasesāya pañcapaññāsāya. Tattha kusalākusalavipākāni iṭṭhāniṭṭhesu nibbikappakāni sukhadukkhasampayuttāni bhavituṃ yuttānipi dvinnaṃ picupiṇḍānaṃ viya dvinnaṃ dvinnaṃ upādārūpānaṃ ghaṭṭanānighaṃsassa mandabhāvato cakkhādisannissitāni aṭṭhapi viññāṇāni sabbattha upekkhāsampayuttāneva honti, tathā balavapaccayatāya sukhadukkhānaṃ tesañca tadabhāvato. Apubbārammaṇanissayappavattīni āvajjanasampaṭicchanaviññāṇāni, asadisānantarappaccayaṃ kiriyārambhassa ādibhūtaṃ voṭṭhabbanaṃ, kāyadukkhapadhānatāya akusalaphalassa tadupanissayabhūtaṃ akusalavipākapaṭisandhiādi, iṭṭhamajjhattārammaṇappavattīni kāmāvacarakusalavipākaviññāṇāni ca upekkhāsahagatāniyeva honti. Kammavasena vā vipākānubhavanassa iṭṭhāniṭṭhārammaṇesu adukkhamasukhabhāvo yutto. Sati ca vipākabhūtāya upekkhāya sukhadukkhamajjhattabhāve kammārammaṇavasena kusalavipākāya iṭṭhabhāvo, akusalavipākāya aniṭṭhabhāvo ca veditabbo. Avasiṭṭhāni pana sattatiṃsa viññāṇāni cetobhisaṅkhārārammaṇapādakādivasena upekkhāsampayuttāni hontīti evaṃ pañcapaññāsāya viññāṇehi upekkhāya sampayuttatā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Salakkhaṇaṃ nāma dhammānaṃ anaññasādhāraṇo sabhāvo, anubhavanañca sabbavedanānaṃ sādhāraṇalakkhaṇanti taṃ paṭiniyatena ārammaṇena niyametvā dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘iṭṭhaphoṭṭhabbānubhavanalakkhaṇaṃ sukha’’</span>nti tassa byabhicārābhāvato. Bhusaṃ brūhanaṃ vaḍḍhanaṃ <span class="bld">upabrūhanaṃ</span>. Tayidaṃ kāmañca cetasikasukhepi labbhati, taṃ pana savikappakaṃ cetobhisaṅkhāravasenāpi hoti. Idantu nibbikappakaṃ sabhāvasiddhattā tato sātisayanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sampayuttānaṃ upabrūhanarasa’’</span>nti. Assādiyatīti assādo, sukhāvedanā. Tenāha bhagavā ‘‘yaṃ, bhikkhave, pañcupādānakkhandhe paṭicca uppajjati sukhaṃ somanassaṃ, ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, pañcupādānakkhandhesu assādo’’ti <a name="M2.0138"></a> (saṃ. ni. 3.26). Kāyanissitattā kāye bhavo kāyiko, so eva assādo tathā paccupatiṭṭhatīti <span class="bld">kāyikaassādapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ. Kāyindriyapadaṭṭhānaṃ</span> anaññavatthukattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dukkhassa lakkhaṇādīni vuttanayānusārena veditabbāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sabhāvato<a name="V2.0129"></a>, parikappato vā iṭṭhassa ārammaṇassa anubhavanalakkhaṇaṃ <span class="bld">iṭṭhārammaṇānubhavanalakkhaṇaṃ</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yathā tathā vā iṭṭhākārasambhogarasa’’</span>nti, yathābhūtena vā ayathābhūtena vā iṭṭhākārena ārammaṇassa <span class="bld">saṃbhuñjanarasaṃ,</span> paccanubhavanakiccanti attho. <span class="bld">‘‘Passaddhipadaṭṭhāna’’</span>nti idaṃ ‘‘passaddhakāyo sukhaṃ vedetī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.376; a. ni. 11.12) suttapadaṃ nissāya vuttaṃ, taṃ pana nirāmisasomanassavasena veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Somanasse vuttavipariyāyena domanassassa lakkhaṇādīni veditabbāni. Domanassassa kāmadhātuyaṃ uppajjanato ekantena hadayavatthupadaṭṭhānatā tato viseso.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Majjhattassa, ārammaṇassa majjhattaṃ vā vedayitaṃ anubhavanaṃ lakkhaṇaṃ etissāti <span class="bld">majjhattavedayitalakkhaṇā</span>. Majjhattānubhavanato eva sampayuttānaṃ <span class="bld">nātiupabrūhanamilāpanarasā. ‘‘Santabhāvapaccupaṭṭhānā’’</span>ti idaṃ anavajjāya nirāmisāya upekkhāya vasena veditabbaṃ, na sabbāya.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti vedanākkhandhe vitthārakathāmukhavaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Saññākkhandhakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para457"></a><span class="paranum">457</span>. <span class="bld">Sañjānanalakkhaṇaṃ nāma saññāvā</span>tiādīsu yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ vedanākkhandhaniddese vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāmaṃ vedanāyapi vippayuttaṃ viññāṇaṃ natthi, tassā pana sabhāvato bhinnattā kāyaci vedanāya sampayuttampi kāyaci vippayuttaṃ hoti. Saññāya pana īdisaṃ natthīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘na hi taṃ viññāṇaṃ…pe… saññāyā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbāvā</span>ti catubhūmikāpi. Atha vā yathā vedanā bhinnasabhāvattā bhedanalakkhaṇādito vuttā, na evamayaṃ, ayaṃ pana sabbāva sañjānanalakkhaṇā<a name="M2.0139"></a>. Nīlādibhedassa ārammaṇassa sañjānanaṃ saññaṃ katvā jānanaṃ lakkhaṇaṃ etissāti <span class="bld">sañjānanalakkhaṇā</span>. Tathā hi sā abhiññāṇena sañjānanato <a name="V2.0130"></a> paccābhiññāṇarasāti vuccati. Nimittena hi puna sañjānanakiccā <span class="bld">paccābhiññāṇarasā</span>. Tassā vaḍḍhakissa dārumhi abhiññāṇaṃ katvā tena abhiññāṇena paccābhijānanakāle pavatti veditabbā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tadeveta’’</span>ntiādi. Puna sañjānanassa paccayo punasañjānanapaccayo, tadeva nimittaṃ puna…pe… nimittaṃ, tassa karaṇaṃ, puna…pe… karaṇaṃ, punasañjānanapaccayabhūtaṃ vā nimittakaraṇaṃ puna…pe… karaṇaṃ, tadassā kiccanti <span class="bld">punasañjānanapaccayanimittakaraṇarasā</span>. Punasañjānananimittakaraṇaṃ nimittakārikāya, nimittena sañjānanantiyā ca sabbāya saññāya samānaṃ yojetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Abhinivesakaraṇaṃ</span> ‘‘idameva sacca’’nti (ma. ni. 2.187, 202, 203, 427; ma. ni. 3.27-29) saññābhinivesamatteneva daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Yathāupaṭṭhitavisayapadaṭṭhānā</span> avikappasabhāvattā. Ñāṇasampayuttā pana saññā ñāṇameva anuvattati, tasmā abhinivesakārikā, viparītaggāhikā ca na hoti. Eteneva samādhisampayuttatāya aciraṭṭhānatā ca na hotīti veditabbā. Evaṃ rāgadiṭṭhimānādisampayuttāya saññāya rāgādianuvattikabhāvoti.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti saññākkhandhe vitthārakathāmukhavaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Saṅkhārakkhandhakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para458"></a><span class="paranum">458</span>. <span class="bld">Rāsikaraṇalakkhaṇa</span>nti sampiṇḍanalakkhaṇaṃ, tato saṅkhārā āyūhanarasā vuccanti. Cetanāpadhānatāya hi saṅkhārakkhandhadhammā evaṃ vuttā. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘kiṃ pana tanti saṅkhārāyevā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">saṅkhatamabhisaṅkharontī</span>ti yathā attano phalaṃ saṅkhataṃ sammadeva nipphannaṃ hoti, evaṃ abhisaṅkharontīti attho. <span class="bld">Vipphārapaccupaṭṭhānā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">vipphāro</span> nāma vipphāravantatā, tasmā sabyāpārapaccupaṭṭhānāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tasmiṃ tasmiṃ citte uppanne niyamena uppajjanato <span class="bld">niyatā. Sarūpena āgatā</span>ti evaṃ piṭṭhivattake akatvā pāḷiyā sarūpeneva āgatā. Kadācideva uppajjanato na niyatāti <span class="bld">aniyatā</span>. Yadipi aniyatā ekajjhaṃ <a name="M2.0140"></a> na uppajjanti, tasmiṃ pana citte uppajjanadhammatāya <span class="bld">‘‘chattiṃsā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘uppajjamānāpi ca na ekato uppajjantī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para459"></a><span class="paranum">459</span>. <span class="bld">Phusatī</span>ti <a name="V2.0131"></a> kattuniddeso. Yaṃ tattha kāraṇaṃ, taṃ heṭṭhā vuttameva. Phusanti etenāti vā <span class="bld">phasso</span>. Sampayuttadhammā hi ārammaṇe pavattamānā taṃ phusanalakkhaṇena phassena phusantā viya honti. Ārammaṇaphusanamattaṃ vā <span class="bld">phasso</span>ti sādhanattayampi yujjateva. Sabhāvadhammesu kattukaraṇasādhanavacanaṃ tadākārasamāropanato pariyāyakathā, bhāvasādhanavacanameva nippariyāyakathāti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘phusanalakkhaṇo’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ayañhī</span>tiādi yathāvuttalakkhaṇādisamatthanaṃ. Yadi ayaṃ dhammo cetasiko, svāyaṃ arūpadhammo samāno kathaṃ phusanalakkhaṇo, saṅghaṭṭanarasādiko ca hotīti antolīnaṃ codanaṃ hadaye ṭhapetvā tassa sodhanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘arūpadhammopi samāno’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">‘‘phusanākāreneva pavattatī’’</span>ti iminā arūpassāpi tassa dhammassa ayaṃ sabhāvoti dasseti. Sā ca tassa phusanākārappavatti ambilaambapakkādiṃ khādantaṃ passantassa parassa kheḷuppatti, paraṃ vibādhiyamānaṃ disvā dayālukassa sarīrakampanaṃ, rukkhasākhagge duṭṭhitaṃ purisaṃ disvā bhūmiyaṃ ṭhitassa bhīrukapurisassa jaṅghacalanaṃ, pisācādibhāyitabbaṃ disvā ūrukhambhoti evamādīsu paribyattā hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekadesenā</span>ti kaṭṭhadvayādi viya attano ekapassena. <span class="bld">Anallīyamānopī</span>ti asaṃsiliyamānopi. Rūpasaddehi saha phassassa sāmaññaṃ anallīyamānasaṅghaṭṭanameva, na visayabhāvo. Yathā rūpasaddā cakkhusotāni anallīyamānā eva ‘‘phusita’’ntiādinā vuttā, evaṃ phassassāpi ārammaṇaphusanasaṅghaṭṭanānīti. <span class="bld">Saṅghaṭṭana</span>ñca phassassa cittārammaṇānaṃ sannipatanabhāvo eva. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘cittamārammaṇañca saṅghaṭṭetī’’</span>ti. Kiccaṭṭhena rasena saṅghaṭṭanarasatā vuttā, vatthārammaṇasannipātena vā sampajjatīti saṅghaṭṭanasampattiko phasso saṅghaṭṭanaraso vutto. Yathā ‘‘dve pāṇī vajjeyyu’’ntiādīsu (mi. pa. 2.3.8) pāṇissa pāṇimhi saṅghaṭṭanaṃ tabbisesabhūtā rūpadhammā, evaṃ cittassa ārammaṇe saṅghaṭṭanaṃ tabbisesabhūto eko cetasikadhammo daṭṭhabbo. ‘‘Tiṇṇaṃ saṅgati phasso’’ti (ma. ni. 1.204; 3.421, 425, 426; saṃ. ni. 2.43-44; 4.60) vacanato cakkhurūpaviññāṇādīnaṃ <a name="M2.0141"></a> saṅgativasena gahetabbattā āha <span class="bld">‘‘tikasannipātasaṅkhātassā’’</span>tiādi. Tassa phassassa kāraṇabhūto tadanurūpo samannāhāro <span class="bld">tajjāsamannāhāro</span>. Indriyassa tadabhimukhabhāvo, āvajjanāya ca ārammaṇakaraṇaṃ visayassa <span class="bld">parikkhatatā</span> abhisaṅkhatatā, viññāṇassa visayabhāvakaraṇanti attho. Yathā niccammā gāvī yaṃ yaṃ ṭhānaṃ upagatā, tattha tattha dukkhameva pāpuṇāti, evaṃ phasse sati vedanā uppajjateva. Vedanā ca dukkhasallādisabhāvāti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vedanādhiṭṭhānabhāvato pana niccammagāvī viya daṭṭhabbo’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para460"></a><span class="paranum">460</span>. <span class="bld">Abhisandahati</span> <a name="V2.0132"></a> pabandhati pavatteti. <span class="bld">Cetanābhāvo</span> byāpārabhāvo. <span class="bld">Āyūhanaṃ</span> cetayanaṃ īriyanaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṃvidahanaṃ</span> vicāraṇaṃ. Āyūhanarasāya cetanāya pavattamānāya sabbepi sampayuttadhammā yathāsakaṃ kiccappasutā hontīti sā <span class="bld">sakiccaparakiccasādhikā</span> vuttā. Jeṭṭhasisso pare sajjhāyane uyyojento sayampi sajjhāyati. Mahāvaḍḍhakimhi vaḍḍhakikammaṃ kātumāraddhe itarepi karontiyeva. <span class="bld">Ussāhanabhāvenā</span>ti ādarakaraṇabhāvena. Sā hi sayaṃ ādarabhūtā sampayuttadhamme ādarayatīti. Āyūhanavasena ussāhanaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ, na vīriyussāhavasena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para461"></a><span class="paranum">461</span>. <span class="bld">Vīrabhāvo</span>ti yena vīro nāma hoti, so dhammoti attho. Vidhinā īretabbaṃ pavattetabbanti vā <span class="bld">vīriyaṃ,</span> ussāho, taṃtaṃkiccasamārambho, parakkamo vā. <span class="bld">Upatthambhanaṃ</span> sampayuttadhammānaṃ kosajjapakkhe patituṃ adatvā dhāraṇaṃ anubalappadānaṃ, sampaggaṇhanaṃ vā. Saṃsīdanapaṭipakkho dhammo asaṃsīdanaṃ, na saṃsīdanābhāvamattanti asaṃsīdanabhāvena paccupatiṭṭhatīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘asaṃsīdanabhāvapaccupaṭṭhāna’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Saṃvegapadaṭṭhāna</span>nti aṭṭhasaṃvegapubbikāya (a. ni. aṭṭha. 1.1.418) kusalakiriyāya vīriyārambhavatthupadaṭṭhānaṃ. ‘‘Maggo gantabbo hoti, maggo gato, kammaṃ kātabbaṃ, kammaṃ kataṃ, appamattako ābādho uppanno, gilānā vuṭṭhito hoti, aciravuṭṭhito gelaññā, gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā piṇḍāya vicaranto na labhati lūkhassa vā paṇītassa vā bhojanassa yāvadatthaṃ pāripūriṃ, labhati…pe… pāripūri’’nti evaṃ vuttāni etāni anurūpapaccavekkhaṇāsahitāni aṭṭha <span class="bld">vīriyārambhavatthūni,</span> taṃmūlakāni vā paccavekkhaṇāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para462"></a><span class="paranum">462</span>. Attanā <a name="M2.0142"></a> anupāletabbānaṃ sahajātadhammānaṃ anupālanaṃ jīvitassa byāpāro, tañca nesaṃ jīvananti taṃ tassa kāraṇabhāvaṃ purakkhatvā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘jīvanti tenā’’</span>ti. Tampi cassa atthato jīvanamevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘jīvanamattameva vā ta’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para463"></a><span class="paranum">463</span>. <span class="bld">Ādhiyatī</span>ti ṭhapeti. <span class="bld">Avisāro</span> attano eva avisaraṇasabhāvo. <span class="bld">Avikkhepo</span> sampayuttānaṃ dhammānaṃ avikkhittatā. Yena sampayuttā avikkhittā honti, so dhammo avikkhepoti. Avūpasamalakkhaṇassa vikkhepassa paṭipakkhatāya cittassa upasamanākārena paccupatiṭṭhatīti <span class="bld">upasamapaccupaṭṭhāno. Visesato</span>ti yebhuyyena. Sukhavirahitopi hi atthi samādhīti. <span class="bld">Dīpacci</span>nidassanena santānaṭhitibhāvaṃ samādhissa dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para464"></a><span class="paranum">464</span>. <span class="bld">Saddahanti</span> <a name="V2.0133"></a> <span class="bld">etāyā</span>ti saddahanakiriyāya pavattamānānaṃ dhammānaṃ tattha ādhipaccabhāvena saddhāya paccayataṃ dasseti. Tassā hi dhammānaṃ tathāpaccayabhāve sati puggalo saddahatīti vohāro hoti. Saddahanaṃ saddheyyavatthuno pattiyāyanaṃ, taṃ lakkhaṇaṃ etissāti <span class="bld">saddahanalakkhaṇā. Okappanalakkhaṇā</span>ti anupavisitvā evametanti kappanalakkhaṇā. Kālussiyamalaṃ vidhametvā sampayuttānaṃ, puggalasseva vā pasādanaṃ anāvilabhāvakaraṇaṃ raso etissāti <span class="bld">pasādanarasā. Pakkhandanaṃ</span> adhimuccanavasena ārammaṇassa anupavisanaṃ. Akālusabhāvo akālussiyaṃ, anāvilabhāvoti attho. Pasādanīyaṭṭhānesu pasādaviparītaṃ akusalaṃ assaddhiyaṃ, micchādhimutti ca, tappaccanīkova pasādabhūto vatthugato nicchayo <span class="bld">adhimutti,</span> na yevāpanakādhimokkho. Ratanattayaṃ, kammaṃ, kammaphalañca <span class="bld">saddheyyavatthu</span>. Sappurisasaṃsevanasaddhammasavanayonisomanasikāradhammānudhammappaṭipattiyo <span class="bld">sotāpattiyaṅgāni</span>. Kusaladhammānaṃ ādāne <span class="bld">hatthaṃ</span> viya, sabbasampattisampadāne <span class="bld">vittaṃ</span> viya, amatakasiphalaphalane <span class="bld">bījaṃ</span> viya daṭṭhabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para465"></a><span class="paranum">465</span>. <span class="bld">Saranti tāyā</span>ti saraṇakiriyāya pavattamānānaṃ dhammānaṃ tattha ādhipaccabhāvena satiyā paccayataṃ dasseti. Tassā hi dhammānaṃ tathāpaccayabhāve sati taṃsamaṅgipuggalo saratīti vohāro hoti. Udake alābu viya pilavitvā gantuṃ adatvā pāsāṇassa viya niccalassa <a name="M2.0143"></a> ārammaṇassa ṭhapanaṃ saraṇaṃ asammuṭṭhatākaraṇaṃ <span class="bld">apilāpanaṃ</span>. Sammosapaccanīkaṃ kiccaṃ <span class="bld">asammoso,</span> na sammosābhāvamattaṃ. ‘‘Satārakkhena cetasā’’ti (a. ni. 10.20) vacanato <span class="bld">ārakkhapaccupaṭṭhānā</span>. Aññato āgantvā cittavisaye abhimukho bhavati etāyāti <span class="bld">visayābhimukhabhāvo,</span> sati. Satiyā vatthubhūtā kāyādayova <span class="bld">kāyādisatipaṭṭhānāni,</span> sati eva vā purimā pacchimāya padaṭṭhānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para466"></a><span class="paranum">466</span>. <span class="bld">Kāyaduccaritādīhī</span>ti hetumhi karaṇavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Hiriyatī</span>ti lajjākārena jigucchati. <span class="bld">Tehiyevā</span>ti kāyaduccaritādīhiyeva. <span class="bld">Ottappatī</span>ti ubbijjati. Hirī pāpadhamme gūthaṃ viya passantī jigucchatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pāpato jigucchanalakkhaṇā hirī’’</span>ti. Ottappaṃ te uṇhaṃ viya passantaṃ tato uttasatīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘uttāsalakkhaṇaṃ ottappa’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Vuttappakārenā</span>ti lajjākārena, uttāsākārena ca. <span class="bld">Attagāravapadaṭṭhānā</span> hirī ajjhattasamuṭṭhānatāya, attādhipatitāya ca. <span class="bld">Paragāravapadaṭṭhānaṃ</span> ottappaṃ bahiddhāsamuṭṭhānatāya, lokādhipatitāya ca. Tamevatthaṃ pākaṭataraṃ kātuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘attānaṃ</span> <a name="V2.0134"></a> <span class="bld">hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Ajjhattasamuṭṭhānāditā ca hiriottappānaṃ tattha tattha pākaṭabhāvena vuttā, na panetesaṃ kadāci aññamaññavippayogā. Na hi lajjanaṃ nibbhayaṃ, pāpabhayaṃ vā alajjanaṃ atthīti. <span class="bld">Lokapālakā</span>ti ettha ‘‘dveme, bhikkhave, sukkā dhammā lokaṃ pālentī’’ti (a. ni. 2.9; itivu. 42) suttapadaṃ attādhipati, lokādhipatibhāve ca ‘‘so attānaṃyeva adhipatiṃ karitvā, so lokaṃyeva adhipatiṃ karitvā’’ti (a. ni. 3.40) ca suttapadāni āharitvā vattabbāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para467"></a><span class="paranum">467</span>. Yasmā lobhapaṭipakkho alobhoti ye dhammā tena sampayuttā, taṃsamaṅgino vā sattā tena na lubbhanti, sayaṃ kadācipi na lubbhateva, atthato vā alubbhanākāro eva ca hoti, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘na lubbhantī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Eseva nayo</span>ti ‘‘na dussanti tenā’’tiādinā kārakattayayojanaṃ atidisati. <span class="bld">Agedho</span> agijjhanaṃ anabhikaṅkhanaṃ. <span class="bld">Alaggabhāvo</span> anāsattatā. <span class="bld">Apariggaho</span> kassaci vatthuno mamattavasena asaṅgaho. Anallīno bhāvo adhippāyo etassāti <span class="bld">anallīnabhāvo</span>. Evañhi upamāya sameti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para468"></a><span class="paranum">468</span>. Caṇḍikassa <a name="M2.0144"></a> bhāvo caṇḍikkaṃ, kopo. Tappaṭipakkho <span class="bld">acaṇḍikkaṃ,</span> abyāpādo. <span class="bld">Avirodho</span> aviggaho. <span class="bld">Anukūlamitto</span> anuvattako. <span class="bld">Vinayaraso</span>ti vinayanaraso. <span class="bld">Sommabhāvo</span> mejjanavasena hilādanīyatā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para469"></a><span class="paranum">469</span>. Dhammānaṃ yo yo sabhāvo yathāsabhāvo, tassa tassa paṭivijjhanaṃ <span class="bld">yathāsabhāvapaṭivedho</span>. Akkhalitaṃ avirajjhitvā paṭivedho <span class="bld">akkhalitapaṭivedho</span>. Visayassa obhāsanaṃ tappaṭicchādakasammohandhakāravidhamanaṃ <span class="bld">visayobhāsanaṃ</span>. Katthacipi visaye asammuyhanākāreneva paccupatiṭṭhati, sammohapaṭipakkhatāya vā tadabhāvaṃ paccupaṭṭhapetīti <span class="bld">asammohapaccupaṭṭhāno. Sabbakusalānaṃ mūlabhūtā</span>ti sabbesaṃ catubhūmakakusaladhammānaṃ suppatiṭṭhitabhāvasādhanena patiṭṭhābhūtā, na tesaṃ kusalabhāvasādhanena. Yadi hi tesaṃ kusalabhāvo kusalamūlapaṭibaddho siyā, evaṃ sati taṃsamuṭṭhānarūpesu hetupaccayatā na siyā. Na hi te tesaṃ kusalādibhāvaṃ sādhenti, na ca paccayā na honti. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘hetū hetusampayuttakānaṃ dhammānaṃ taṃsamuṭṭhānānañca rūpānaṃ hetupaccayena paccayo’’ti (paṭṭhā. 1.1.1). Yathā ca kusalabhāvo, evaṃ abyākatabhāvopi abyākatamūlappaṭibaddho siyā. Tathā sati ahetukacittānaṃ <a name="V2.0135"></a> abyākatabhāvo eva na siyā, akusalesu ca yattha ekaṃyeva mūlaṃ, tassa akusalabhāvo na siyā, ubhayampi hotiyeva. Tasmā na mūlappaṭibaddho kusalādibhāvo, atha kho yonisomanasikārādipaṭibaddho. Tesaṃ pana suppatiṭṭhitabhāvasādhanāni mūlānīti gahetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para470"></a><span class="paranum">470</span>. <span class="bld">Passambhanaṃ</span> darathavūpasamo. Kāyasaddo samūhavācī, so ca kho vedanādikkhandhattayavasenāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kāyoti cettha vedanādayo tayo khandhā’’</span>ti. Tenevāha ‘‘tattha katamā tasmiṃ samaye kāyapassaddhi hoti? Yā tasmiṃ samaye vedanākkhandhassā’’tiādi (dha. sa. 40). <span class="bld">Daratho</span> sārambho, domanassapaccayānaṃ uddhaccādhikānaṃ kilesānaṃ, tathāpavattānaṃ vā catunnaṃ khandhānaṃ etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Darathanimmaddanena pariḷāhaparipphandavirahito sītibhāvo <span class="bld">aparipphandasītibhāvo</span>. Uddhaccappadhānā kilesā <a name="M2.0145"></a> <span class="bld">uddhaccādikilesā,</span> uddhaccaṃ vā ādiṃ katvā sabbakilese saṅgaṇhāti. Sesesupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Garubhāvo</span> dandhatā, thinamiddhādhikānaṃ, tathāpavattānaṃ vā catunnaṃ khandhānaṃ etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Dandhatāya paṭipakkho <span class="bld">adandhatā,</span> na dandhatāya abhāvamattaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Thaddhabhāvo <span class="bld">thambho,</span> diṭṭhimānādhikānaṃ, tappadhānānaṃ vā catunnaṃ khandhānametaṃ nāmaṃ. Thaddhabhāvanimmaddanato eva katthaci ārammaṇe appaṭihatākārena paccupatiṭṭhanti, sampayuttānaṃ vā tattha appaṭighātaṃ paccupaṭṭhāpentīti <span class="bld">appaṭighātapaccupaṭṭhānā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kammani sādhu kammaññaṃ, na kammaññaṃ akammaññaṃ, tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">akammaññabhāvo,</span> dānasīlādipuññakiriyāyaṃ ayogyatā. Atthato kāmacchandādisaṃkilesadhammā, tappadhānā vā cattāro akusalakkhandhā. Kammaññabhāveneva sampannākārena ārammaṇassa gahaṇaṃ <span class="bld">ārammaṇakaraṇasampatti</span>. Vuttāvasesā kāmacchandādayo, tadekaṭṭhā ca saṃkilesadhammā <span class="bld">avasesanīvaraṇādayo</span>. Vinibandhanimmaddanena sukhappavattihetutāya <span class="bld">pasādanīyavatthūsu pasādāvahā. Suvaṇṇavisuddhi viyā</span>ti yathā suvaṇṇavisuddhi apagatakāḷakā alaṅkāravikativiniyogakkhamā, evamayampi saṃkilesavigamena hitakiriyāviniyogakkhamā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāyacittānaṃ gelaññaṃ, assaddhiyādi, tadekaṭṭhā ca pāpadhammā. Gelaññapaṭipakkho agelaññaṃ<a name="V2.0136"></a>, tabbhāvo lakkhaṇaṃ etāsanti <span class="bld">agelaññabhāvalakkhaṇā</span>. Yathāvuttagelaññanimmaddaneneva natthi etāsaṃ ādīnavo doso, na vā etā ādīnaṃ kapaṇaṃ vanti pavattantīti nirādīnavā, tenākārena paccupatiṭṭhanti, taṃ vā sampayuttesu paccupaṭṭhapentīti <span class="bld">nirādīnavapaccupaṭṭhānā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāyasambandhī, cittasambandhī ca ujubhāvoti lakkhitabbatāya <span class="bld">kāyacittaajjavalakkhaṇā</span>. Kāyacittānaṃ naṅgalasīsacandakoṭigomuttavaṅkatāsaṅkhātānaṃ kuṭilabhāvānaṃ nimmaddanato <span class="bld">kāyacittakuṭilabhāvanimmaddanarasā</span>. Tato eva sabbathāpi ajimhabhāvena paccupatiṭṭhanti, sampayuttānaṃ vā ajimhataṃ paccupaṭṭhapentīti <span class="bld">ajimhatāpaccupaṭṭhānā</span>. ‘‘Santadosapaṭicchādanalakkhaṇā māyā, asantaguṇasambhāvanalakkhaṇaṃ sāṭheyya’’nti evaṃ vuttā tadākārappavattā <a name="M2.0146"></a> akusalā khandhā, tadekaṭṭhā ca saṃkilesadhammā <span class="bld">māyāsāṭheyyādikā</span>. Ettha ca cittapassaddhiādīhi cittameva passaddhaṃ, lahu, mudu, kammaññaṃ, paguṇaṃ, uju ca hoti. Kāyapassaddhiādīhi pana rūpakāyopi. Tenevettha bhagavatā dhammānaṃ duvidhatā vuttā, na sabbattha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para471"></a><span class="paranum">471</span>. Chandanaṃ <span class="bld">chando,</span> ārammaṇena atthikatā. ‘‘Chando kāmo’’tiādīsu (vibha. 564) pana taṇhāpi vuccati, ‘‘chandaṃ janeti vāyamatī’’tiādīsu (vibha. 432) vīriyampīti tato nivattanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kattukāmatāyetaṃ adhivacana’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Kattukāmatā</span> vuccati karaṇicchā. Cetasikassa ca dhammassa sārammaṇattā karaṇicchā nāma ālambanassa ālambitukāmatāmukheneva hotīti ārammaṇakaraṇicchālakkhaṇo chando <span class="bld">kattukāmatālakkhaṇo</span> vutto. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘ārammaṇapariyesanaraso, ārammaṇena atthikatāpaccupaṭṭhāno’’</span>ti ca. Yadaggena panāyaṃ attano ārammaṇapariyesanaraso, tadaggena sampayuttānampi hotiyeva ekārammaṇatāya tena tesaṃ. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘ārammaṇaggahaṇe cāyaṃ cetaso hatthappasāraṇaṃ viya daṭṭhabbo’’</span>ti. Svāyaṃ kusalesu uppanno kusalacchandoti vuccati yonisomanasikārasamuṭṭhānattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para472"></a><span class="paranum">472</span>. <span class="bld">Adhimuccanaṃ</span> ārammaṇe sanniṭṭhānavasena veditabbaṃ, na pasādanavasena. Yathā tathā vā hi ārammaṇe nicchayanaṃ adhimuccanaṃ anadhimuccantassa pāṇātipātādīsu, dānādīsu vā pavattiyā abhāvā, saddhā pana pasādanīyesu pasādādhimokkhāti ayametesaṃ viseso. Voṭṭhabbanaṃ pana yathā santīrite atthe nicchayanākārena pavattitvā parato ttamānānaṃ tathā pavattiyā paccayo hoti. Yadi evaṃ, vicikicchāsampayuttesu kathanti? Tesampi ekaṃseneva saṃsappanākārassa <a name="V2.0137"></a> paccayatāya daṭṭhabbaṃ. Dārakassa viya ito cito ca saṃsappanassa ‘‘karissāmi na karissāmī’’ti anicchayassa paṭipakkhakiriyā <span class="bld">asaṃsappanaṃ,</span> yesu cittuppādesu ayaṃ sanniṭṭhānalakkhaṇo adhimokkho, tesaṃ ārammaṇadhammo eva <span class="bld">sanniṭṭheyyadhammo</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para473"></a><span class="paranum">473</span>. <span class="bld">Kiriyā</span> <a name="M2.0147"></a> <span class="bld">kāro</span>ti kārasaddassa bhāvasādhanatamāha. <span class="bld">Manamhi kāro</span>ti manasi ārammaṇassa karaṇaṃ. Yena hi mano ārammaṇe karīyati ārammaṇenassa saṃyojanato, tato eva tena ārammaṇampi manasi karīyatīti. <span class="bld">Purimamanato</span>ti bhavaṅgamanato. <span class="bld">Visadisamana</span>nti vīthijavanaṃ manaṃ <span class="bld">karotī</span>ti manasikārasāmaññena vīthijavanapaṭipādake dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sampayuttadhamme ārammaṇābhimukhaṃ sārento viya hotīti manasikāro <span class="bld">sāraṇalakkhaṇo</span> vutto. Satiyā asammussanavasena visayābhimukhabhāvapaccupaṭṭhānatā, manasikārassa pana saṃyojanavasena ārammaṇābhimukhabhāvapaccupaṭṭhānatāti ayametesaṃ viseso. Ārammaṇapaṭipādakassa saṅkhārakkhandhapariyāpannatāvacanaṃ itaramanasikārānaṃ tadaññakkhandhapariyāpannatāmattaṃ jotetīti tathājotitaṃ taṃ viññāṇakkhandhe otāretvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vīthipaṭipādako’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para474"></a><span class="paranum">474</span>. <span class="bld">Tesu dhammesū</span>ti yesu dhammesu sayaṃ uppannā, tesu attanā sampayuttesu cittacetasikadhammesu. Anārammaṇattepi hi tesu samappavattesu udāsinabhāvato <span class="bld">‘‘tatramajjhattatā’’</span>ti vuccati. <span class="bld">Samavāhitalakkhaṇā</span>ti samaṃ avisamaṃ yathāsakakiccesu pavattanalakkhaṇā. Udāsinabhāvena pavattamānāpi hesā sampayuttadhamme yathāsakakiccesu pavatteti, yathā rājā tuṇhī nisinnopi atthakaraṇe dhammaṭṭhe yathāsakakiccesu appamatte pavatteti. Alīnānuddhatapavattipaccayatā <span class="bld">ūnādhikatānivāraṇarasā,</span> kiccavasena cetaṃ vuttaṃ. Yadi evaṃ, sahajātādhipatino kathanti? Tampi tassā kiccameva. Yaṃ sahajātadhammānaṃ adhipatibhāvoti, tassāpi tathāpavattanamevāti nāyaṃ doso. ‘‘Idaṃ nihīnakiccaṃ hotu, idaṃ atirekatarakicca’’nti evaṃ pakkhapātavasena viya pavatti <span class="bld">pakkhapāto,</span> taṃ upacchindantī viya hotīti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Aniyatesu icchantī’’</span>ti iminā cetasikantarabhāvena icchantīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Adosoyeva mettā</span>. Tathā <a name="V2.0138"></a> hi soyeva ‘‘mettā mettāyanā’’tiādinā (dha. sa. 1062) niddiṭṭho. <span class="bld">Upekkhā</span>ti yaṃ upekkhaṃ mettāya saddhiṃ parikappenti, sā <span class="bld">tatramajjhattupekkhāyeva</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para475"></a><span class="paranum">475</span>. <span class="bld">Kāyaduccaritādivatthūna</span>nti <a name="M2.0148"></a> parapāṇaparadhanaparaitthiādīnaṃ. <span class="bld">Amaddanaṃ</span> maddanapaṭipakkhabhāvo. Kāyaduccaritādivatthuto saṅkocanakiriyāpadesena kāyaduccaritādito eva saṅkocanakiriyā vuttāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Na hi viratiyo duccaritavatthuno <span class="bld">akiriyapaccupaṭṭhānā</span> yujjanti, atha kho duccaritassa, viratīnañca soraccavasena saṅkocanaṃ, akiriyānañca hirottappānaṃ jigucchanādivasenāti ayametesaṃ viseso.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para476"></a><span class="paranum">476</span>. <span class="bld">Saṅkhārā</span>ti saṅkhārakkhandhadhamme sandhāyāha. Te hi idhādhippetā, aññathā aṭṭhatiṃsāti vattabbaṃ siyā. Yathā cittaṃ, evaṃ taṃsampayuttadhammāpi dutiye sasaṅkhārā evāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sasaṅkhārabhāvamattameva hettha viseso’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Avasesā</span> paṭhame vuttadhammā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Avasesā pañcamena sampayogaṃ gacchantī</span>ti ettha kathaṃ karuṇāmuditāupekkhāsahagate sambhavantīti? Pubbabhāgabhāvato. Appanāppattā eva hi karuṇāmuditā upekkhāsahagatā na honti, tato aññattha pana upekkhāsahagatāpi hontīti ācariyā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Suvisuddhassa kāyakammādikassa cittasamādhānavasena rūpārūpāvacarakusalappavatti, na kāyakammādīnaṃ sodhanavasena, nāpi duccaritadurājīvānaṃ samucchindanapaṭippassambhanavasenāti mahaggatacittuppādesu viratīnaṃ asambhavoyevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ṭhapetvā viratittaya’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Tato</span>ti rūpāvacarapaṭhame vuttacetasikato. <span class="bld">Teyevā</span>ti rūpāvacarapañcame vuttacetasikā eva. Yadi eva rūpāvacarato ko visesoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘arūpāvacarabhāvoyeva hi ettha viseso’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭhamajjhānike</span>ti paṭhamajjhānavati. <span class="bld">Maggaviññāṇe</span>ti catubbidhepi maggaviññāṇe vuttanayeneva veditabbāti sambandho. <span class="bld">Dutiyajjhānikādibhede maggaviññāṇe</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena tatiyacatutthapañcamajjhānikāni saṅgaṇhāti. ‘‘Vuttanayenā’’ti vuttaṃ kiṃ avisesenāti codanāyane taṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘karuṇāmuditāna’’</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha maggaviññāṇānaṃ nibbānārammaṇattā, karuṇāmuditānañca sattārammaṇattā na tāsaṃ tattha sambhavo. Maggadhammesu ca pādakādiniyamena <a name="V2.0139"></a> kadāci sammāsaṅkappaviraho siyā<a name="M2.0149"></a>, na pana virativiraho kāyaduccaritādīnaṃ samucchindanavaseneva ariyamaggassa pavattanatoti <span class="bld">niyataviratitā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para478"></a><span class="paranum">478</span>. <span class="bld">Na hiriyati</span> na lajjatīti <span class="bld">ahiriko,</span> puggalo, cittaṃ, taṃsampayuttadhammasamudāyo vā. ‘‘Ahirikka’’nti vattabbe ekassa kakārassa lopaṃ katvā <span class="bld">‘‘ahirika’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. ‘‘Na ottappa’’nti ottappassa paṭipakkhabhūtaṃ dhammamāha. <span class="bld">Ajigucchanaṃ</span> ahīḷanaṃ. <span class="bld">Alajjā</span> aviriḷā. <span class="bld">Tehevā</span>ti kāyaduccaritādīhi eva. <span class="bld">Asārajjaṃ</span> nibbhayatā. <span class="bld">Anuttāso</span> asambhamo. <span class="bld">Vuttapaṭipakkhavasenā</span>ti alajjanākārena pāpānaṃ karaṇarasaṃ ahirikaṃ, anuttāsākārena anottappaṃ, vuttappakāreneva pāpato asaṅkocanapaccupaṭṭhānāni attani, paresu ca agāravapadaṭṭhānāni. Gāmasūkarassa viya asucito kilesāsucito ajigucchanaṃ ahirikena hoti, salabhassa viya aggito pāpato anuttāso anottappena hotīti evaṃ vuttappaṭipakkhavasena vitthāro veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para479"></a><span class="paranum">479</span>. <span class="bld">Lubbhanti tenā</span>tiādīsu yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ heṭṭhā vuttanayānusārena veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Lubbhantī</span>ti abhigijjhanti. <span class="bld">Muyhantī</span>ti na bujjhanti. <span class="bld">Ārammaṇaggahaṇaṃ</span> ‘‘mama ida’’nti taṇhābhinivesavasena abhinivissa ārammaṇassa avissajjanaṃ, na ārammaṇakaraṇamattaṃ. <span class="bld">Abhisaṅgo</span> abhimukhabhāvena āsatti. <span class="bld">Apariccāgo</span> avijahanaṃ, dummocanīyatā vā. <span class="bld">Assādadassanaṃ</span> assādadiṭṭhi. ‘‘Assādānupassino ca taṇhā pavaḍḍhatī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 2.52, 54, 57) hi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para480"></a><span class="paranum">480</span>. Dhammasabhāvassa yāthāvato adassanaṃ <span class="bld">cittassa andhabhāvo. Aññāṇaṃ</span> ñāṇapaṭipakkho. Sampaṭivijjhituṃ asamatthatā <span class="bld">asampaṭivedho</span>. Yathā ñāṇaṃ ārammaṇasabhāvaṃ paṭivijjhituṃ na labbhati, mohassa tathā pavatti <span class="bld">ārammaṇasabhāvacchādanaṃ</span>. Asammāpaṭipattiṃ paccupaṭṭhapeti, sammāpaṭipattiyā paṭipakkhabhāvena gayhatīti vā <span class="bld">asammāpaṭipattipaccupaṭṭhāno</span>. Yassa uppajjati, tassa andhakaraṇaṃ andhakāro, tathā paccupatiṭṭhatīti <span class="bld">andhakārapaccupaṭṭhāno</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para481"></a><span class="paranum">481</span>. <span class="bld">Micchā</span>ti dhammasabhāvassa viparītaṃ, niccāditoti attho. <span class="bld">Ayoniso abhiniveso</span> anupāyābhiniveso uppathābhiniveso. Dhammasabhāvaṃ <a name="M2.0150"></a> atikkamitvā parato āmasanaṃ <a name="V2.0140"></a> <span class="bld">parāmāso</span>. Viparītaggāhavasena ‘‘idameva saccaṃ, moghamañña’’nti (ma. ni. 2.187, 202, 203; 3.27-29) abhinivisanaṃ <span class="bld">micchābhiniveso</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para482"></a><span class="paranum">482</span>. Yassa dhammassa vasena uddhataṃ hoti cittaṃ, taṃsampayuttadhammā vā, so dhammo <span class="bld">uddhaccaṃ. Avūpasamo</span>ti asannisinnaappasannabhāvamāha. <span class="bld">Anavaṭṭhānarasa</span>nti calanakiccaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhantatta</span>nti paribbhamanākāraṃ. <span class="bld">Cetaso avūpasame</span>ti nipphādetabbe payojane bhummaṃ, avūpasamapaccayabhūtaṃ ārammaṇaṃ vā ‘‘avūpasamo’’ti vuttaṃ. Akusaladhammānaṃ ekantanihīnatāya <span class="bld">‘‘akusalabhāvena ca lāmakatta’’</span>nti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para483"></a><span class="paranum">483</span>. Thinamiddhamettha aniyataṃ, na mānādīti thinamiddhassa aniyatatā ca ettha dutiyacitte paṭhamākusalato viseso.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Anussāhanāvasīdanabhāvena saṃhatabhāvo thinaṃ, tena yogato cittaṃ thinaṃ, tassa bhāvoti <span class="bld">thinatā</span>. Asamatthatāvighātavasena akammaññatā middhaṃ. Yasmā tato eva tena sampayuttadhammā medhitā vihatasāmatthiyā honti, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘middhanatā middha’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Anussāhalakkhaṇa</span>nti ussāhapaṭipakkhalakkhaṇaṃ. Vīriyassa avanodanaṃ khipanaṃ <span class="bld">vīriyāvanodanaṃ</span>. Sampayuttadhammānaṃ saṃsīdanākārena paccupatiṭṭhati, tesaṃ vā saṃsīdanaṃ paccupaṭṭhapetīti <span class="bld">saṃsīdanapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ. Akammaññatālakkhaṇa</span>nti ettha kāmaṃ thinampi akammaññasabhāvameva, taṃ pana cittassa, middhaṃ vedanādikkhandhattayassāti ayamettha viseso. Tathā hi pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘tattha katamaṃ thinaṃ? Yā cittassa akallatā akammaññatā. Tattha katamaṃ middhaṃ? Yā kāyassa akallatā akammaññatā’’ti (dha. sa. 1162-1163) ca ādinā imesaṃ niddeso pavatto. <span class="bld">Onahanaṃ</span> viññāṇadvārānaṃ pidahanaṃ. <span class="bld">Līnatā</span> līnākāro ārammaṇaggahaṇe saṅkoco. Yasmā thinena cittasseva saṃhananaṃ hoti, middhena pana vedanādikkhandhattayassa viya rūpakāyassāpi, tasmā taṃ pacalāyikāniddaṃ paccupaṭṭhapetīti <span class="bld">pacalāyikāniddāpaccupaṭṭhānaṃ</span> vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Arati</span> pantasenāsanesu, adhikusaladhammesu ca arocanā. <span class="bld">Vijambhikā</span> vijambhanasaṅkhātassa kāyaduṭṭhullassa kāraṇabhūtā saṃkilesappavatti. <span class="bld">Arativijambhikādīsū</span>ti <a name="M2.0151"></a> ca <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena tandiādīnaṃ gahaṇaṃ. Nipphādetabbe payojane cetaṃ bhummavacanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Avasesā</span> <a name="V2.0141"></a> soḷasa. Māno panettha aniyato hoti, tena saddhiṃ sattaraseva honti. Paṭṭhāne hi ‘‘saṃyojanaṃ dhammaṃ paṭicca saṃyojano dhammo uppajjati hetupaccayā’’ti ettha catukkhattuṃ kāmarāgena, tikkhattuṃ paṭighena ca māno vicikicchā bhavarāgoti tayopete sakadāgāmino saṃyojanānaṃ saṃyojanehi dasavidhā yojanāti dassitāya dasavidhāya yojanāya ‘‘kāmarāgasaṃyojanaṃ paṭicca mānasaṃyojanaṃ avijjāsaṃyojana’’nti (paṭṭhā. 3.4.1) vatvā ‘‘kāmarāgasaṃyojanaṃ paṭicca avijjāsaṃyojana’’nti (paṭṭhā. 3.4.1) tathā ‘‘mānasaṃyojanaṃ paṭicca bhavarāgasaṃyojanaṃ avijjāsaṃyojana’’nti (paṭṭhā 3.4.1) vatvā ‘‘bhavarāgasaṃyojanaṃ paṭicca avijjāsaṃyojana’’nti (paṭṭhā. 3.4.1) ca evamāgatāhi yojanāhi mānassa aniyatabhāvo pakāsito. Yadi hi māno niyato siyā, kāmarāgassa mānarahitā pavatti na siyā, tathā bhavarāgassa. Evaṃ sati paṭṭhāne catukkhattuṃ kāmarāgena yojanā na siyā, tikkhattuṃyeva siyā. Bhavarāgamūlikā ca na siyā. Evañca saṃyojanānaṃ saṃyojanehi aṭṭhavidhena yojanā siyā, na dasavidhena. Dasavidhāva ca dassitāti. Seyyādivasena uccato namanaṃ <span class="bld">unnati</span>. Unnamanavaseneva <span class="bld">saṃpaggaharaso</span>. Na vīriyaṃ viya taṃtaṃkiccasādhane abbhussahanavasena. Omānassāpi attānaṃ avaṃ katvā gahaṇampi sampaggahaṇavasenevāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Ketu vuccati accuggatadhajo, idha pana ketu viyāti ketu, uḷāratamādibhāvo. Taṃ ketubhāvasaṅkhātaṃ ketuṃ kāmetīti ketukamyaṃ, cittaṃ. Yassa dhammassa vasena ketukamyaṃ, sā <span class="bld">ketukamyatā</span>. ‘‘Aha’’nti pavattanato mānassa diṭṭhisadisī pavattīti so diṭṭhiyā saddhiṃ ekacittuppāde na pavattati, attasinehasannissayo cāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘diṭṭhivippayuttalobhapadaṭṭhāno’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Etthāpi cā</span>ti <span class="bld">ca</span>-saddena thinamiddhaṃ ākaḍḍhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para485"></a><span class="paranum">485</span>. <span class="bld">Dussantī</span>ti byāpajjanti. <span class="bld">Caṇḍikkaṃ</span> kujjhanaṃ. Attano pavattiākāravasena, virūpasaṃsappanakaaniṭṭharūpasamuṭṭhāpanavasena ca <span class="bld">visappanaraso</span>. Kāyassa <a name="M2.0152"></a> vijjhattabhāvāpādanato <span class="bld">attano nissayadahanaraso</span>. Dussanaṃ attano, parassa ca upabhogaphalakālesu aniṭṭhattā <span class="bld">visasaṃsaṭṭhapūtimuttaṃ viya daṭṭhabbo</span>ti sabbena sabbaṃ aggahetabbataṃ dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para486"></a><span class="paranum">486</span>. Yaṃ parasampattīsu issākaraṇaṃ, sā issāti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘issāyanā issā’’</span>ti<a name="V2.0142"></a>. <span class="bld">Usūyanaṃ</span> asahanaṃ. <span class="bld">Tatthevā</span>ti parasampattīsu eva. Abhiratipaṭipakkhabhūtaṃ issāya kiccaṃ, na abhiratiyā abhāvamattanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘anabhiratirasā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para487"></a><span class="paranum">487</span>. Maccharayogena ‘‘maccharī’’ti pavattamānaṃ maccharisaddaṃ gahetvā āha <span class="bld">‘‘maccharabhāvo macchariya’’</span>nti. Niruttinayena pana mā idaṃ acchariyaṃ aññesaṃ hotu, mayhameva hotūti macchariyanti porāṇā. Taṃ macchariyaṃ vuccamānāni lakkhaṇādīni pariyādāya tiṭṭhati. <span class="bld">Saṅkocanapaccupaṭṭhāna</span>nti attasampattīnaṃ parehi asādhāraṇabhāvakaraṇena saṅkocanapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ. Kaṭukākāragati <span class="bld">kaṭukañcukatā. Attasampatti</span> āvāsādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para488"></a><span class="paranum">488</span>. <span class="bld">Kukata</span>nti ettha akatampi kukatameva. Evañhi vattāro honti ‘‘yaṃ mayā na kataṃ, taṃ kukata’’nti. Tathā hi vakkhati ‘‘katākatānusocanarasa’’nti. Evaṃ katākataṃ duccaritaṃ, sucaritañca kukataṃ, taṃ ārabbha vippaṭisāravasena pavattaṃ pana cittaṃ taṃsahacaritatāya idha ‘‘kukata’’nti gahetvā <span class="bld">‘‘tassa bhāvo kukkucca’’</span>nti vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Pacchā anutāpanaṃ vibādhanaṃ <span class="bld">pacchānutāpo</span>. Yathāpavattassa katākatākāravisiṭṭhassa duccaritasucaritassa anusocanavasena virūpaṃ paṭisaraṇaṃ <span class="bld">vippaṭisāro</span>. Parāyattatāhetutāya <span class="bld">dāsabyamiva daṭṭhabbaṃ</span>. Yathā hi dāsabye sati dāso parāyatto hoti, evaṃ kukkucce sati taṃsamaṅgī. Na hi so attano dhammatāya kusale pavattituṃ sakkoti. Atha vā katākatākusalakusalānusocane āyattatāya tadubhayavasena kukkuccena taṃsamaṅgī hotīti taṃ dāsabyaṃ viya hotīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aniyatesu issādīsu <span class="bld">thinamiddhasambhavova</span> cāti <span class="bld">ca</span>-saddaṃ ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para490"></a><span class="paranum">490</span>. <span class="bld">Pavattiṭṭhitimatto</span>ti <a name="M2.0153"></a> khaṇaṭṭhitimatto. ‘‘Nivāte dīpaccīnaṃ ṭhiti viyā’’ti hi evaṃ vuttacittaṭṭhiti viya santānaṭṭhitiyā paccayo bhavituṃ asamattho nicchayābhāvena asaṇṭhahanato cetaso pavattipaccayamattatāya pavattiṭṭhitimatto. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘dubbalo samādhī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Vigatā cikicchā</span>ti cikicchituṃ dukkaratāya vuttaṃ, na sabbathā vicikicchāya cikicchābhāvatoti tadatthamattaṃ dasseti. ‘‘Evaṃ nu kho, nanu kho’’tiādinā saṃsappanavasena setīti <span class="bld">saṃsayo. Kampanarasā</span>ti nānārammaṇe cittassa kampanakiccā. Uddhaccañhi attanā gahitākāre <a name="V2.0143"></a> eva ṭhatvā bhamatīti ekārammaṇasmiṃyeva vipphandanavasena pavattati. Vicikicchā pana yadipi rūpādīsu ekasmiṃyeva ārammaṇe uppajjati, tathāpi ‘‘evaṃ nu kho, nanu kho, idaṃ nu kho, aññaṃ nu kho’’ti aññaṃ gahetabbākāraṃ apekkhatīti nānārammaṇe kampanaṃ hotīti. Anicchayaṃ dveḷhakaṃ paccupaṭṭhapetīti <span class="bld">anicchayapaccupaṭṭhānā</span>. Anekaṃsassa ārammaṇe nānāsabhāvassa gahaṇākārena paccupatiṭṭhatīti <span class="bld">anekaṃsagāhapaccupaṭṭhānā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para491"></a><span class="paranum">491</span>. <span class="bld">Sattārammaṇattā</span>ti sattapaññattiārammaṇattā. Nanu ca paññattiārammaṇāpi vipākā hontīti codanaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘ekantaparittārammaṇā hi kāmāvacaravipākā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Viratiyopi vipākesu na santī</span>ti etthāpi nanu kesuci vipākesu viratiyopi santīti codanaṃ manasi katvā āha <span class="bld">‘‘pañca sikkhāpadā kusalāyevāti hi vutta’’</span>nti, tena lokiyavipākesu viratiyo na santīti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tesa</span>nti rūpāvacarādivipākaviññāṇānaṃ. Janetabbajanakasambandhe hi idaṃ sāmivacanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para492"></a><span class="paranum">492</span>. <span class="bld">Te</span>ti te ahetukakiriyasaṅkhārā. Tattha kusalavipākamanodhātusampayuttehi samānā ahetukakiriyamanodhātusampayuttā, somanassasahagatasantīraṇasampayuttehi samānā hasituppādasampayuttā, upekkhāsahagatasantīraṇasampayuttehi samānā voṭṭhabbanasampayuttāti imamatthaṃ dassentena <span class="bld">‘‘kusala…pe… samānā’’</span>ti vatvā tato labbhamānaṃ visesaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘manoviññāṇadhātudvaye panā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Vīriyasabbhāvato balappatto samādhi hoti</span> ‘‘vīriyantaṃ bala’’nti katvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Samucchedaviratīhi <a name="M2.0154"></a> eva arahantānaṃ viramanakiccassa niṭṭhitattā kiriyacittesu viratiyo na santīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ṭhapetvā viratiyo’’</span>ti. Kāmāvacarasahetukakiriyasaṅkhārānaṃ kāmāvacarakusalehi viratikato viseso atthi, mahaggatesu pana tādisopi natthīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbākārenapī’’</span>ti, dhammato, ārammaṇato, pavattiākāratoti sabbapakārenapīti attho.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti saṅkhārakkhandhe vitthārakathāmukhavaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Atītādivibhāgakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Abhidhammantogadhampi <a name="V2.0144"></a> suttantabhājanīyaṃ suttantanayo eva, ekantaabhidhammanayo pana abhidhammabhājanīyanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘abhidhamme padabhājanīyanayenā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para493"></a><span class="paranum">493</span>. Bhagavatā pana evaṃ khandhā vitthāritāti sambandho. Tasmā imāyapi pāḷiyā vasena khandhānaṃ saṃvaṇṇanaṃ karissāmāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Yaṃ kiñcī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">ya</span>nti sāmaññena aniyamadassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Kiñcī</span>ti pakārabhedaṃ āmasitvā aniyamadassanaṃ. Ubhayenāpi atītaṃ vā…pe… santike vā appaṃ vā bahuṃ vā yādisaṃ vā tādisaṃ vā napuṃsakaniddesārahaṃ sabbaṃ byāpetvā gaṇhātīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘anavasesapariyādāna’’</span>nti. Evaṃ pana aññesupi napuṃsakaniddesārahesu pasaṅgaṃ disvā tattha adhippetatthaṃ aticca pavattanato atippasaṅgassa niyamanatthaṃ rūpanti vuttanti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘rūpanti atippasaṅganiyamana’’</span>nti āha. <span class="bld">Yaṃ kiñcī</span>ti ca <span class="bld">yaṃ</span>-saddaṃ ekaṃ padaṃ, sanipātaṃ <span class="bld">kiṃ</span>-saddañca ekaṃ padanti gahetvā aniyamekatthadīpanato <span class="bld">‘‘padadvayenāpī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti rūpassa. <span class="bld">Atītādinā vibhāgaṃ ārabhati</span> atītānāgatapaccuppannantiādinā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para494"></a><span class="paranum">494</span>. <span class="bld">Addhāsantatisamayakhaṇavasenā</span>ti ettha cutipaṭisandhiparicchinne kāle <span class="bld">addhā</span>-saddo vattatīti ‘‘ahosiṃ nu kho ahamatītamaddhāna’’ntiādisuttavasena (ma. ni. 1.18; saṃ. ni. 2.20) viññāyati. Tathā hi <span class="bld">bhaddekarattasutte</span>pi ‘‘atītaṃ nānvāgameyyā’’tiādinā (ma. ni. 3.272, 275, 276, 277) addhāvaseneva atītādibhāvo vutto. ‘‘Tayome, <a name="M2.0155"></a> bhikkhave, addhā, katame tayo? Atīto addhā anāgato addhā paccuppanno addhā’’ti (dī. ni. 3.305; itivu. 63) pana paramatthato paricchijjamāno addhā <span class="bld">niruttipathasutta</span>vasena khaṇaparicchinno vutto. Tattha hi ‘‘yaṃ, bhikkhave, rūpaṃ jātaṃ…pe… pātubhūtaṃ. Atthīti tassa saṅkhā’’ti (saṃ. ni. 3.62) vijjamānassa paccuppannatā, tato pubbe, pacchā ca atītānāgatatā vuttā. Tadaññasuttesu pana yebhuyyena cutipaṭisandhiparicchinno atītādiko addhā vuttoti so eva idhāpi ‘‘addhāvasenā’’ti vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sītaṃ sītassa sabhāgo, tathā uṇhaṃ uṇhassa. Yaṃ pana sītaṃ, uṇhaṃ vā sarīre sannipatitaṃ <a name="V2.0145"></a> santānavasena pavattamānaṃ anūnaṃ anadhikaṃ ekākāraṃ, taṃ eko utūti vuccatīti sabhāgautuno anekattā <span class="bld">eka</span>-ggahaṇaṃ kataṃ, evaṃ āhārepi. <span class="bld">Ekavīthiekajavanasamuṭṭhāna</span>nti pañcachaṭṭhadvāravasena vuttaṃ. Santatisamayakathā vipassakānaṃ upakāratthāya aṭṭhakathāsu kathitā. Janako hetu, upathambhako paccayo, tesaṃ uppādanaṃ, upatthambhanañca kiccaṃ. Yathā bījassa aṅkuruppādanaṃ, pathavīādīnañca tadupatthambhanaṃ, kammassa kaṭattārūpavipākuppādanaṃ, āhārādīnaṃ tadupatthambhanaṃ, evaṃ ekekassa kalāpassa, cittuppādassa ca janakānaṃ kammānantarādipaccayabhūtānaṃ, upatthambhakānañca sahajātapurejātapacchājātānaṃ kiccaṃ yathāsambhavaṃ yojetabbaṃ. Evaṃ utuādīnaṃ sabhāgavisabhāgatāsambhavato taṃsamuṭṭhānānaṃ rūpānaṃ santativasena atītādivibhāgo vutto, kammassa pana ekabhavanibbattakassa sabhāgavisabhāgatā natthīti taṃsamuṭṭhānānaṃ rūpānaṃ santativasena atītādivibhāgaṃ avatvā upatthambhakavaseneva vutto. Yadā pana liṅgaparivattanaṃ hoti, tadā balavatā akusalena purisaliṅgaṃ antaradhāyati, dubbalena kusalena itthiliṅgaṃ pātubhavati. Dubbalena ca akusalena itthiliṅgaṃ antaradhāyati, balavatā kusalena purisaliṅgaṃ pātubhavatīti kammasamuṭṭhānarūpānampi attheva visabhāgatāti tesampi santativasena atītādivibhāgo sambhavati, so pana na sabbakālikoti na gahito.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Taṃtaṃsamaya</span>nti ekamuhuttādiko so so samayo etassāti taṃtaṃsamayaṃ, rūpaṃ, taṃtaṃsamayavantanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tato</span> <a name="M2.0156"></a> <span class="bld">pubbe</span>ti tato khaṇattayassa pariyāpattito pubbe. Anuppannattā <span class="bld">anāgataṃ. Pacchā</span>ti tato pacchā. Khaṇattayaṃ atikkantattā <span class="bld">atītaṃ</span>. Yassa hetukiccaṃ, paccayakiccañca niṭṭhitattā atikkantaṃ, taṃ <span class="bld">atītaṃ</span> uppādakkhaṇe hetukiccaṃ, uppannaphalattā niṭṭhitañcāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Tīsupi khaṇesu paccayakiccaṃ. Pathavīādīnaṃ sandhāraṇādikaṃ, phassādīnaṃ phusanādikañca attano kiccaṃ sakiccaṃ, sakiccassa karaṇakkhaṇo <span class="bld">sakiccakkhaṇo,</span> saha vā kiccena sakiccaṃ, yasmiṃ khaṇe sakiccaṃ rūpaṃ vā arūpaṃ vā hoti, so <span class="bld">sakiccakkhaṇo,</span> tasmiṃ khaṇe paccuppannaṃ. Ettha ca khaṇādikathāyaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tato pubbe anāgataṃ, pacchā atīta’’</span>nti vacanaṃ addhādīsu viya bhedābhāvato nippariyāyaṃ. Addhādivasena hi aññeva dhammā atītā aññe anāgatā aññe paccuppannā labbhanti, khaṇādivasena pana natthi dhammato bhedo, kālato eva bhedo. Uppādato pubbe anāgato<a name="V2.0146"></a>, khaṇattaye vattamāno, tato paraṃ atītoti nippariyāyā, addhāpaccuppannādi viya kenaci pariyāyena atītamanāgatanti ca vattabbatābhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para495"></a><span class="paranum">495</span>. Heṭṭhā vuttaṃ ajjhattikabāhirabhedaṃ sandhāya <span class="bld">‘‘vuttanayo evā’’</span>ti vatvā tena aparitussamānena yadipi tattha ajjhattameva ajjhattikanti saddattho labbhati, tathāpi attheva ajjhattaajjhattikasaddānaṃ, bahiddhābāhirasaddānañca aññamaññaṃ atthabhedo. Tathā hi ajjhattikasaddo saparasantānikesu cakkhādīsu rūpādīsu bāhirasaddo viya pavattati, ajjhattasaddo pana tassa tassa sattassa sasantānikesveva cakkhurūpādīsu tato aññesu bahiddhāsaddo viya pavattati. Tasmā tamatthaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘apicā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">idhā</span>ti imasmiṃ suttantanaye. Niyakajjhattampi na pubbe vuttaajjhattikameva, parapuggalikampi na pubbe vuttabāhiramevāti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para496"></a><span class="paranum">496</span>. Hīnapaṇītabhedo pariyāyato, nippariyāyato ca veditabboti sambandho. <span class="bld">Tadeva</span> sudassīnaṃ rūpaṃ. <span class="bld">Yatthā</span>ti yasmiṃ ārammaṇabhūte. Yaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā akusalavipākaviññāṇaṃ uppajjati, <span class="bld">taṃ hīnaṃ</span> aniṭṭhabhāvato. Yaṃ <span class="bld">kusalavipākaṃ, taṃ paṇītaṃ</span> iṭṭhabhāvato. Yathā hi akusalavipāko sayaṃ aniṭṭho aniṭṭhe eva uppajjati, na iṭṭhe, evaṃ kusalavipākopi sayaṃ iṭṭho iṭṭhe eva uppajjati, na aniṭṭhe. Tathā hi vuttaṃ <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Akusalakammajavasena <a name="M2.0157"></a> aniṭṭhā pañca kāmaguṇā vibhattā, kusalakammajaṃ pana aniṭṭhaṃ nāma natthi, sabbaṃ iṭṭhameva. Kusalakammajavasena iṭṭhā pañca kāmaguṇā vibhattā. Kusalakammajañhi aniṭṭhaṃ nāma natthi, sabbaṃ iṭṭhamevā’’ti (vibha. aṭṭha. 6) ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha manāpānipi kānici hatthirūpādīni akusalakammanibbattāni santi, na pana tāni tesaṃyeva hatthiādīnaṃ sukhassa hetubhāvaṃ gacchanti. Tassa tasseva hi sattassa attanā katena kusalena nibbattaṃ sukhassa paccayo hoti, akusalena nibbattaṃ dukkhassa. Tasmā kammajānaṃ iṭṭhāniṭṭhatā kammakārakasattassa vasena yojanārahā siyā. Tattha yaṃ vuttaṃ ‘‘kusalakammajaṃ aniṭṭhaṃ nāma natthī’’ti, na ca vuttaṃ ‘‘akusalakammajaṃ iṭṭhaṃ nāma natthī’’ti, tena <a name="V2.0147"></a> akusalakammajampi sobhanaṃ parasattānaṃ iṭṭhaṃ atthīti anuññātaṃ bhavissati, kusalakammajaṃ pana sabbesaṃ iṭṭhamevāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tiracchānagatānaṃ pana kesañci manussarūpaṃ amanāpaṃ, yato te disvāva palāyanti, manussā ca devatārūpaṃ passitvā bhāyanti, tesampi vipākaviññāṇaṃ taṃ rūpaṃ ārabbha kusalavipākameva uppajjati, tādisassa pana puññassa abhāvā na tesaṃ tattha abhirati hoti. Kusalakammajassa pana aniṭṭhassa abhāvo viya akusalakammajassa ca iṭṭhassa abhāvo vattabbo. Hatthiādīnampi hi akusalakammajaṃ manussānaṃ akusalavipākasseva ārammaṇaṃ, kusalakammajaṃ pana pavatte samuṭṭhitaṃ kusalavipākassa. Iṭṭhārammaṇena pana vomissakattā appakaṃ akusalakammajaṃ bahulaṃ akusalavipākuppattiyā kāraṇaṃ na bhavissatīti sakkā viññātuṃ, vipākaṃ pana na sakkā vañcetunti vipākavasena iṭṭhāniṭṭhārammaṇavavatthānaṃ suṭṭhu yujjati. Yaṃ pana vuttaṃ ‘‘aniṭṭhā pañca kāmaguṇā’’ti, taṃ rūpādibhāvasāmaññato kāmaguṇasadisatāya taṃsadisesu tabbohārena vuttaṃ. Iṭṭhāneva hi rūpādīni ‘‘kāmaguṇā’’ti pāḷiyaṃ (ma. ni. 1.164-165, 177-178, 287; 2.155, 280; 3.57, 190; saṃ. ni. 5.30) vuttāni. Kāmaguṇavisabhāgā vā rūpādayo ‘‘kāmaguṇā’’ti vuttā asive sivoti vohāro viya, sabbāni vā iṭṭhāniṭṭhāni rūpādīni taṇhāvatthubhāvato kāmaguṇā eva. Vuttañhi ‘‘rūpā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpa’’ntiādi (dī. ni. 2.400; ma. ni. 1.133). Atisayena pana kamanīyattā <span class="bld">suttesu</span> kāmaguṇāti iṭṭharūpādīni vuttāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vuttanayamevā</span>ti <a name="M2.0158"></a> abhidesena lakkhaṇato dūrasantikaṃ dassitanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘okāsatopettha upādāyupādāya dūrasantikatā veditabbā’’</span>ti. Tattha kittakato paṭṭhāya rūpaṃ okāsavasena santike nāma, kittakato pana paṭṭhāya dūre nāma? Pakatikathāya kathentānaṃ dvādasa hatthā savanūpacāro nāma, tassa orato santike, parato dūre. Tattha sukhumarūpaṃ dūre hontaṃ lakkhaṇatopi okāsatopi dūre hoti, santike hontaṃ pana okāsatova santike hoti, na lakkhaṇato. Oḷārikarūpaṃ santike hontaṃ lakkhaṇatopi okāsatopi santike hoti, dūre hontaṃ okāsatova hoti, na lakkhaṇato. ‘‘Upādāyupādāyā’’ti pana vuttattā attano rūpaṃ santike nāma, antokucchigatassāpi parassa dūre. Antokucchigatassa santike, bahi ṭhitassa dūreti <a name="V2.0148"></a> evaṃ antogabbhapamukhapariveṇasaṅghārāmasīmāgāmakhettajanapadarajjasamuddacakkavāḷesu tadantogatabahigatānaṃ vasena dūrasantikatā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para497"></a><span class="paranum">497</span>. <span class="bld">Tadekajjha</span>nti taṃ ekajjhaṃ ekato. <span class="bld">Abhisaṃyūhitvā</span>ti saṃharitvā, samūhaṃ vā katvā. <span class="bld">Abhisaṅkhipitvā</span>ti saṅkhipitvā saṅkhepaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">‘‘Sabbampi rūpaṃ…pe… dassitaṃ hotī’’</span>ti iminā rūpakhandhasaddānaṃ samānādhikaraṇasamāsabhāvaṃ dasseti. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘na hi rūpato añño rūpakkhandho nāma atthī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para498"></a><span class="paranum">498</span>. Rāsibhāvūpagamanena vedanākkhandhādayoti dassitā hontīti ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Santativasena, khaṇādivasena cā</span>ti ettha addhāsamayavasena atītādivibhāgassa avacanaṃ sukhādivasena bhinnāya atītādibhāvavacanato. Na hi sukhā eva addhāvasena, samayavasena ca atītādikā hoti, tathā dukkhā eva, adukkhamasukhā eva ca kāyikacetasikādibhāvena bhinnā, tena vedanāsamudāyo addhāsamayavasena atītādibhāvena vattabbataṃ arahati samudāyassa tehi paricchinditabbattā, vedanekadesā pana gayhamānā santatikhaṇehi paricchedaṃ arahanti tathā paricchinditvā gahetabbato. Ekasantatiyaṃ pana sukhādīsu anekabhedabhinnesu yo bhedo paricchinditabbabhāvena gahito, tassa ekappakārassa <a name="M2.0159"></a> pākaṭassa paricchedikā taṃsahitadvārālambanappavattā, avicchedena taduppādakekavidhavisayasamāyogappavattā ca santati bhavituṃ arahatīti tassā bhedantaraṃ anāmasitvā paricchedakabhāvena gahaṇaṃ kataṃ, lahuparivattino vā arūpadhammā parivattaneneva paricchedena paricchindanaṃ arahantīti santatikhaṇavaseneva paricchedo vutto. Ekavidhavisayasamāyogappavattā divasampi buddharūpaṃ passantassa, dhammaṃ suṇantassa pavattasaddhādisahitavedanā <span class="bld">paccuppannā. ‘‘Pubbantāparantamajjhattagatā’’</span>ti etena hetupaccayakiccavasena vuttanayaṃ dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para499"></a><span class="paranum">499</span>. Sabyāpārasaussāhasavipākatā kusalādīhi tīhipi sādhāraṇāti asādhāraṇameva dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sāvajjakiriyahetuto’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">sāvajjakiriyahetuto</span>ti pāṇātipātādigārayhakiriyānimittato. <span class="bld">Kilesasantāpabhāvato</span>ti kilesapariḷāhena sadarathabhāvato<a name="V2.0149"></a>. Vūpasantasabhāvāya kusalāya vedanāya <span class="bld">oḷārikā. Sabyāpārato</span>ti saīhato. Tena yathā pavattamānāyassā vipākena bhavitabbaṃ, tathā pavattiṃ vadanto vipākuppādanayogyatamāha. <span class="bld">Saussāhato</span>ti sasattito, tena vipākuppādanasamatthataṃ. <span class="bld">Savipākato</span>ti vipākasabbhāvato, tena paccayantarasamavāyenassā vipākanibbattanaṃ. Tīhipi padehi vipākadhammataṃyeva dasseti. Kāyakammādibyāpārasabbhāvato vā <span class="bld">sabyāpārato,</span> javanussāhavasena <span class="bld">saussāhato,</span> vipākuppādanasamatthatāvasena <span class="bld">savipākato</span>ti evamettha attho veditabbo. Vipākaṃ anuppādentīpi kiriyā kusalā viya sabyāpārā, saussāhā eva ca hotīti tadubhayaṃ anāmasitvā kiriyābyākatavāre ‘‘savipākato’’ icceva vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabyābajjhato</span>ti kilesadukkhena sadukkhato. <span class="bld">Vuttavipariyāyato</span>ti anavajjakiriyahetuto, kilesasantāpābhāvato, abyābajjhato ca vūpasantavuttīti evaṃ akusalāya vuttavipallāsato. <span class="bld">Yathāyoga</span>nti yogānurūpaṃ. Tīsu kāraṇesu yaṃ yaṃ yassā yassā yujjati, tadanurūpanti attho. Kusalākusalavedanāhi vipākabyākatāya tīhipi kāraṇehi <span class="bld">oḷārikā</span>. Kiriyābyākatāya savipākato savipākatāvisiṭṭhasabyāpārasaussāhato vāti. <span class="bld">Vuttapariyāyenā</span>ti vipākabyākatā abyāpārato<a name="M2.0160"></a>, anussāhato, avipākato ca tāhi kusalākusalavedanāhi sukhumā. Kiriyābyākatā avipākato, avipākatāvisiṭṭhasabyāpārasaussāhato vāti evaṃ kusalākusalāya vuttavipallāsena. Kammavegakkhittā hi kammapaṭibimbabhūtā ca kāyakammādibyāpāravirahato nirussāhā vipākā. Saussāhā ca kiriyā avipākadhammā. Savipākadhammā hi sagabbhā viya oḷārikāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para500"></a><span class="paranum">500</span>. <span class="bld">Nirassādato</span>ti assādābhāvato sukhapaṭikkhepato. <span class="bld">Savipphārato</span>ti saparipphandato, anupasantatoti attho. <span class="bld">Abhibhavanato</span>ti ajjhottharaṇato. Sukhāya majjhattatā natthi, upekkhāya sātatā. Santatādayo pana sabbattha sukhupekkhāsu labbhantīti <span class="bld">‘‘yathāyoga’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Pākaṭato</span>ti sukhito dukkhitoti disvāpi jānitabbattā vibhūtabhāvato. <span class="bld">Sā</span> adukkhamasukhā vedanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para501"></a><span class="paranum">501</span>. <span class="bld">Asamāpannasamāpanna</span>-ggahaṇena cettha bhūmivasenāpi vedanānaṃ oḷārikasukhumatā vuttāti veditabbā. <span class="bld">Itarā</span> samāpannassa vedanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Oghaniyato</span>ti <a name="V2.0150"></a> oghehi ārammaṇaṃ katvā atikkamitabbato. Tathā <span class="bld">yoganiyato, ganthaniyato cā</span>ti etthāpi ganthova ganthanaṃ, tassa hitaṃ ārammaṇabhāvena sambandhanatoti <span class="bld">ganthaniyaṃ</span>. Evaṃ <span class="bld">nīvaraṇiyaṃ, upādāniyañca</span> veditabbaṃ. Saṃkilese niyuttā, saṃkilesaṃ vā arahantīti <span class="bld">saṃkilesikā. Sā</span> anāsavā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para502"></a><span class="paranum">502</span>. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti yathāvuttāya oḷārikasukhumatāya. <span class="bld">Sambhedo</span>ti saṅkaro. ‘‘Oḷārikā, sukhumā’’ti ca vuttānampi jātiādivasena puna sukhumoḷārikabhāvāpattidoso yathā na hoti, tathā <span class="bld">pariharitabbo</span>. Jātivasena sukhumāya vedanāya sabhāvapuggalalokiyavasena oḷārikataṃ pāḷivasena dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vuttañheta’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Evaṃ sukhādayopī</span>ti ettha akusalā vedanā <span class="bld">jātivasena oḷārikā, sabhāvavasena sukhumā</span>. Kusalajjhānasahagatā sukhā vedanā jātivasena oḷārikā, samāpannassa vedanāti katvā puggalavasena sukhumāti evamādinā yojetabbā. <span class="bld">‘‘Na parāmasitabbo’’</span>ti etena jātiādayo <a name="M2.0161"></a> cattāro koṭṭhāsā aññamaññaṃ avomissakā eva gahetabbā. Evaṃ sambhedassa parihāro, na aññathāti dasseti. Yathā abyākatamukhena, evaṃ kusalākusalamukhenapi, yathā ca jātimukhena, evaṃ sabhāvādimukhenapi dassetabbanti imamatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘esa nayo sabbatthā’’</span>ti atidisati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni jātiādikoṭṭhāsesupi mitho akusalādīnaṃ upādāyupādāya oḷārikasukhumataṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘apicā’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Nissayadahanato’’</span>ti iminā dosasahagatāya pākaṭaṃ kurūrappavattiṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Niyatā</span>ti micchattaniyāmena niyatā, ānantariyabhāvappattā kappatiṭṭhanakavipākatāya <span class="bld">kappaṭṭhitikā</span> devadattādīnaṃ viya. <span class="bld">Asaṅkhārikā</span> sabhāvatikhiṇatāya <span class="bld">oḷārikā. Diṭṭhisampayuttā</span> mahāsāvajjatāya <span class="bld">oḷārikā. Sāpi</span> diṭṭhisampayuttā <span class="bld">niyatā oḷārikā,</span> tato <span class="bld">kappaṭṭhitikā,</span> tato <span class="bld">asaṅkhārikā</span>ti tividhāpi heṭṭhā vuttanayattā ekajjhaṃ vuttā visuṃ visuṃyeva yojetabbā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘itarā sukhumā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Avisesenā</span>ti dosasahagatā, lobhasahagatāti abhedena. <span class="bld">Akusalā bahuvipākā</span> dosussannatāya <span class="bld">oḷārikā</span>. Tathā <span class="bld">kusalā appavipākā</span>. Mandadosattā akusalā <span class="bld">appavipākā sukhumā</span>. Tathā <span class="bld">kusalā bahuvipākā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Oḷārikasukhumanikantivatthubhāvato kāmāvacarādīnaṃ oḷārikasukhumatā, lokuttarā pana ekantasukhumāva. Tatthāpi ca vibhāgaṃ parato vakkhati. <span class="bld">Bhāvanāmayāpī</span>ti bhāvanāmayāya bhedanena <a name="V2.0151"></a> dānasīlamayānampi bhedanaṃ nayato dassitanti veditabbaṃ. Bhāvanāya paguṇabalavakālādīsu kadāci ñāṇavippayuttacittenapi manasikāro hotīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘bhāvanāmayāpi duhetukā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Taṃtaṃbhūmivipākakiriyāvedanāsū</span>ti ettha ‘‘kāmāvacaravipākā oḷārikā, rūpāvacarā sukhumā’’tiādinā yāva arahattaphalā netabbaṃ. ‘‘Kāmāvacarakiriyā oḷārikā, rūpāvacarakiriyā sukhumā’’tiādinā kāmāvacarā ca ‘‘dānākārappavattā oḷārikā, sīlākārappavattā sukhumā’’tiādinā yāva nevasaññānāsaññāyatanā netabbaṃ. Yathā ca jātikoṭṭhāse ayaṃ vibhāgo, evaṃ sabhāvakoṭṭhāsādīsupīti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘dukkhādī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sabbo <a name="M2.0162"></a> cāyaṃ vibhāgo lakkhaṇasannissito vuttoti katvā āha <span class="bld">‘‘okāsavasena cāpī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Sukhāpī</span>ti <span class="bld">pi</span>-saddena adukkhamasukhaṃ sampiṇḍeti. <span class="bld">Sabbatthā</span>ti sabbāsu bhūmīsu. <span class="bld">Yathānurūpa</span>nti yā yā vedanā yattha yattha labbhati, tadanurūpaṃ. <span class="bld">Vatthuvasenā</span>ti yaṃ vatthuṃ ārabbha vedanā pavattati, tassa vasenāpi. <span class="bld">Hīnavatthukā</span>ti hīnaṃ vatthuṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā kaṅgubhattaṃ bhuñjantassa vedanā hīnavatthukatāya <span class="bld">oḷārikā</span>. Sālimaṃsodanaṃ bhuñjantassa paṇītavatthukatāya <span class="bld">sukhumā</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para503"></a><span class="paranum">503</span>. <span class="bld">Ādinā nayenā</span>ti sabbaṃ pāḷigatiṃ āmasati. Jātiādivasena asamānakoṭṭhāsatā <span class="bld">visabhāgatā</span>. Dukkhavipākatādivasena asadisakiccatā <span class="bld">asaṃsaṭṭhatā,</span> na asampayogo. Yadi siyā, dūravipariyāyena santikaṃ hotīti saṃsaṭṭhatā santikatā āpajjati, na ca vedanāya vedanāsampayogo atthi. Santikapadavaṇṇanāya ca ‘‘sabhāgato ca sarikkhato cā’’ti vakkhatīti vuttanayeneva attho veditabbo. Asadisasabhāvatā <span class="bld">asarikkhatā. Sabbavāresū</span>ti oḷārikasukhumabhede vuttanayānusārena vattabbesu sabbesu vāresu. Jātiādivasena samānakoṭṭhāsatā <span class="bld">sabhāgatā,</span> dukkhavipākatādivasena pana sadisasabhāvatā <span class="bld">sarikkhatā</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘akusalā pana…pe… santike’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti vedanākkhandhassa atītādivibhāge vitthārakathāmukhavaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Kamādivinicchayakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para504"></a><span class="paranum">504</span>. <span class="bld">Eta</span>nti <a name="V2.0152"></a> evaṃ atītādivibhāge vitthārakathāmukhaṃ. <span class="bld">Ñāṇabhedattha</span>nti nānappakāraṃ ñāṇappabhedatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Kamato</span>ti desanākkamato, yena kāraṇenāyaṃ desanākkamo kato, tatoti attho. <span class="bld">Visesato</span>ti bhedato, khandhupādānakkhandhavibhāgatoti attho. <span class="bld">Anūnādhikato</span>ti pañcabhāvato. <span class="bld">Upamāto</span>ti upamāhi upametabbato. <span class="bld">Daṭṭhabbato dvidhā</span>ti dvīhi ākārehi ñāṇena passitabbato. <span class="bld">Passantassatthasiddhito</span>ti <a name="M2.0163"></a> yathā passantassa yathādhippetatthanipphattito. <span class="bld">Vibhāvinā</span>ti paññavatā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uppattikkamo</span>ti yathāpaccayaṃ uppajjantānaṃ uppajjanapaṭipāṭi. ‘‘Dassanenapahātabbā’’tiādinā (dha. sa. tikamātikā 8, 9) paṭhamaṃ pahātabbā paṭhamaṃ vuttā, dutiyaṃ pahātabbā dutiyaṃ vuttāti ayaṃ <span class="bld">pahānakkamo</span>. Sīlavisuddhiṃ paṭipajja cittavisuddhi paṭipajjitabbā, tathā tato parāpīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sīlavisuddhi…pe… paṭipattikkamo’’</span>ti, anupubbapaṇītā bhūmiyo anupubbena vavatthitāti ayaṃ <span class="bld">bhūmikkamo</span>. ‘‘Cattāro satipaṭṭhānā’’tiādiko (vibha. 355) ekakkhaṇepi satipaṭṭhānādisambhavato <span class="bld">desanākkamo</span> ca. Dānakathādayo anupubbukkaṃsato kathitā, uppattiādivavatthānābhāvato pana dānādīnaṃ idha desanākkamavacanaṃ. Uppattiādivavatthānahetukatāya hi ‘‘paṭhamaṃ kalalaṃ hotī’’tiādikā (saṃ. ni. 1.235; kathā. 692) desanāpi samānā uppattiādikamabhāveneva vuttā. Yathāvuttavavatthānābhāvena pana anekesaṃ vacanānaṃ sahapavattiyā asambhavato yena kenaci pubbāpariyena desetabbatāya tena tena adhippāyena desanāmattasseva kamo <span class="bld">desanākkamo</span> daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Pubbāpariyavavatthānenā</span>ti paṭhamaṃ rūpakkhandho, tato vedanākkhandhoti evaṃ pubbāpariyavavatthānena anuppattito. <span class="bld">Appahātabbato</span>ti khandhesu ekaccānaṃ pahātabbatāva natthi, kuto pahānakkamo. Sati hi sabbesaṃ pahātabbatāya pahānakkamena nesaṃ desanā siyā. <span class="bld">Appaṭipajjanīyato</span>ti sammāpaṭipattivasena na paṭipajjitabbato. <span class="bld">‘‘Catubhūmipariyāpannattā’’</span>ti iminā vedanādīnaṃ aniyatabhūmikataṃ dasseti. Niyatabhūmikānañhi bhūmikkamo sambhaveyya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Abhedenā</span>ti rūpādīnaṃ bhedaṃ vibhāgaṃ akatvā ekajjhaṃ piṇḍaggahaṇena. <span class="bld">Attagāhapatita</span>nti attagāhasaṅkhāte diṭṭhoghe nipatitaṃ. <span class="bld">Samūhaghanavinibbhogadassanenā</span>ti rūpato arūpaṃ vivecento rūpārūpasamūhe <a name="V2.0153"></a> ghanavinibbhujjanadassanena. <span class="bld">Cakkhuādīnampi visayabhūta</span>nti ekadesena samudāyabhūtaṃ rūpakkhandhaṃ vadati. Yā ettha iṭṭhaṃ, aniṭṭhañca rūpaṃ saṃvedeti, ayaṃ vedanākkhandhoti iṭṭhāniṭṭharūpasaṃvedanikaṃ vedanaṃ desesīti sambandho. Evaṃ sabbattha. Iṭṭhamajjhattaaniṭṭhamajjhattānampi iṭṭhāniṭṭhasabhāvattā iṭṭhāniṭṭhaggahaṇeneva gahaṇaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Eva</span>nti yathāvuttanayena. Saññāya gahitākāre <a name="M2.0164"></a> visaye abhisaṅkhārappavattīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘saññāvasena abhisaṅkhārake’’</span>ti. Yathā viññāṇassa sampayuttadhammānaṃ nissayabhāvo pākaṭo, na tathā vedanādīnanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vedanādīnaṃ nissaya’’</span>nti. ‘‘Manopubbaṅgamā dhammā (dha. pa. 1-2), cittānuparivattino dhammā (dha. sa. dukamātikā 62), chadvārādhipati rājā’’ti (dha. pa. aṭṭha. 2.181 erakapatthanāgarājavatthu) vacanato <span class="bld">viññāṇaṃ</span> adhipati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para505"></a><span class="paranum">505</span>. Rūpakkhandhe <span class="bld">‘‘sāsavaṃ upādāniya’’</span>nti vacanaṃ anāsavānaṃ dhammānaṃ sabbhāvato rūpakkhandhassa taṃsabhāvatānivattanatthaṃ, na anāsavarūpanivattanatthaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anāsavāva khandhesu vuttā</span>ti ettha aṭṭhānappayutto <span class="bld">eva</span>-saddo, anāsavā khandhesveva vuttāti attho. <span class="bld">Idha pana</span> visuddhimagge <span class="bld">sabbepete</span> khandhāpi upādānakkhandhāpi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para506"></a><span class="paranum">506</span>. Sabbasaṅkhatānaṃ sabhāgena ekajjhaṃ saṅgaho <span class="bld">sabbasaṅkhatasabhāgekasaṅgaho</span>. Sabhāgasabhāvena hi saṅgayhamānā sabbasaṅkhatā pañcakkhandhā honti. Tattha ruppanādisāmaññena samānakoṭṭhāsā sabhāgāti veditabbā. Tesu saṅkhatābhisaṅkharaṇakiccaṃ āyūhanarasāya cetanāya balavanti sā ‘‘saṅkhārakkhandho’’ti vuttā. Aññe ca ruppanādivisesalakkhaṇarahitā phassādayo saṅkhatābhisaṅkharaṇasāmaññenāti daṭṭhabbā, phusanādayo pana sabhāvā visuṃ khandhasaddavacanīyā na hontīti dhammasabhāvaññunā tathāgatena phassakkhandhādayo na vuttāti veditabbā. ‘‘Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā sassatavādā sassataṃ attānañca lokañca paññapenti, sabbe te ime eva pañcupādānakkhandhe nissāya paṭicca, etesaṃ vā aññatara’’nti evamādisuttānañca vasena attattaniyagāhassa etapparamatā daṭṭhabbā. Etena ca vakkhamānasuttavasena ca khandhe eva nissāya parittārammaṇādivasena na vattabbā ca diṭṭhi uppajjati khandhanibbānavajjassa sabhāvadhammassa abhāvatoti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Rūpa</span>nti ruppanasabhāvaṃ dhammajātamāha. <span class="bld">Vedana</span>ntiādīsupi eseva nayo. ‘‘Sīlakkhandho samādhikkhandho’’tiādi (dī. ni. 3.355) vacanato <a name="V2.0154"></a> aññesañca khandhasaddavacanīyānaṃ <a name="M2.0165"></a> sīlakkhandhādīnaṃ sabbhāvato na pañcevāti codanaṃ nivattetumāha <span class="bld">‘‘aññesaṃ tadavarodhato’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para507"></a><span class="paranum">507</span>. Pavattiṭṭhānabhūtaṃ vasanaṭṭhānaṃ viya hotīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘nivāsaṭṭhānato’’</span>ti. Dukkhadukkhavipariṇāmadukkhasaṅkhāradukkhatāvasena vedanāya ābādhakattaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Rāgādisampayuttassa vipariṇāmādidukkhassa itthipurisādiākāragāhikā taṃtaṃsaṅkappamūlabhūtā saññā <span class="bld">samuṭṭhānaṃ</span>. Pittādi viya rogassa āsannakāraṇaṃ <span class="bld">samuṭṭhānaṃ</span>. Utubhojanavisamatāvisamaparihārādi viya mūlakāraṇaṃ <span class="bld">nidānaṃ</span>. Cittassa aṅgabhūtā cetasikāti viññāṇaṃ gilānūpamaṃ vuttaṃ. Kuṭṭharogavato siniyhanaṃ tassa bhiyyobhāvāya viya bālassa puññābhisaṅkhārādivasena pavatti vedanādukkhāvahā asappāyasevanasadisī. <span class="bld">Vedanattāyā</span>ti vedanāsabhāvatthaṃ, vedanattalābhāyāti attho. Kāraṇaṭṭhānatāya, bhojanādhāratāya ca <span class="bld">cārakūpamaṃ, bhājanūpama</span>ñca rūpaṃ. Subhasaññādivasena vedanākāraṇassa hetubhāvato, vedanābhojanassa chādāpanato ca <span class="bld">aparādhūpamā, byañjanūpamā</span> ca saññā. Vedanāhetuto <span class="bld">kāraṇakārakūpamo, parivesakūpamo</span> ca saṅkhārakkhandho. Bhattakāro eva yebhuyyena parivisatīti parivesakaggahaṇaṃ. Vedanāya vibādhitabbato, anuggahetabbato ca <span class="bld">aparādhikūpamaṃ, bhuñjakūpama</span>ñca viññāṇaṃ vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para508"></a><span class="paranum">508</span>. ‘‘Pañca vadhakā paccatthikā ukkhittāsikāti kho, bhikkhave, pañcannetaṃ upādānakkhandhānaṃ adhivacana’’nti <span class="bld">āsīvisūpame</span> (saṃ. ni. 4.238) vadhakāti vuttā, ‘‘bhāroti kho, bhikkhave, pañcannetaṃ upādānakkhandhānaṃ adhivacana’’nti <span class="bld">bhārasutte</span> (saṃ. ni. 3.22) bhārāti, ‘‘atītampāhaṃ addhānaṃ evameva rūpena khajjiṃ, seyyathāpi etarahi paccuppannena rūpena khajjāmi. Ahañceva kho pana anāgataṃ rūpaṃ abhinandeyyaṃ, anāgatampāhaṃ addhānaṃ evameva rūpena khajjeyyaṃ, seyyathāpi…pe… khajjāmī’’tiādinā (saṃ. ni. 3.79) <span class="bld">khajjanīyapariyāye</span> khādakāti, ‘‘so aniccaṃ rūpaṃ ‘aniccaṃ rūpa’nti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānātī’’tiādinā (saṃ. ni. 3.85) <span class="bld">yamakasutte</span> aniccādikāti. Yadipi ‘‘idha pana sabbepete ekajjhaṃ katvā khandhāti adhippetā’’ti vuttaṃ, bāhullena pana upādānakkhandhānaṃ tadantogadhānaṃ daṭṭhabbatā veditabbā. Vipassanāya bhūmivicāro hesoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pheṇapiṇḍo</span> <a name="M2.0166"></a> <span class="bld">viyā</span>tiādīsu rūpādīnaṃ evaṃ pheṇapiṇḍādisadisatā daṭṭhabbā, yathā pheṇapiṇḍo <a name="V2.0155"></a> nissāro paridubbalo agayhupago; gahitopi kiñci atthaṃ na sādheti, chiddāvachiddo anekasandhisaṅghaṭito bahūnaṃ pāṇakānaṃ āvāso anupubbūpacito sabbāvatthanipātī avassaṃbhedī, evaṃ rūpampi niccasārādivirahato nissāraṃ pheggu viya, sukhabhañjanīyato dubbalaṃ, niccanti vā dhuvanti vā ahanti vā mamanti vā na gahetabbaṃ, gahitampi tathā na hoti, bahuchiddaṃ asītisatasandhisaṅghaṭitaṃ anekakimikulāvāsaṃ kalalādivasena anupubbūpacitaṃ kalalakālato paṭṭhāya sabbāsupi avatthāsu vinassati, avassameva ca bhijjati. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> (saṃ. ni. aṭṭha. 2.3.95; vibha. aṭṭha. 26 kamādivinicchayakathā) pana parimaddanāsahanameva upamūpameyyasambandho vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā pubbuḷo nissāro paridubbalo agayhupago, gahitopi na kiñci atthaṃ sādheti, na ciraṭṭhitiko, tathā vedanāpi. Yathā ca pubbuḷo, udakatalaṃ, udakabinduṃ, udakajallikaṃ saṅkaḍḍhitvā puṭaṃ katvā gahaṇavātañcāti cattāri kāraṇāni paṭicca jāyati, evaṃ vedanāpi vatthuṃ, ārammaṇaṃ, kilesajallaṃ, phassasaṅghaṭṭanañcāti cattāri kāraṇāni paṭicca uppajjati. Yathā hi udakatale bindunipātajanito vāto udakajallikasaṅkhātaṃ udakalasikaṃ saṅkaḍḍhitvā puṭaṃ katvā pubbuḷaṃ nāma karoti, evaṃ vatthumhi ārammaṇāpāthagamanajanito phasso anupacchinnaṃ kilesajallaṃ sahakārīpaccayabhāvena saṅkaḍḍhitvā vedanaṃ nāma karoti. Idañca kilesehi mūlakāraṇabhūtehi, ārammaṇassādanabhūtehi ca nibbattaṃ vaṭṭagataṃ vedanaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Ukkaṭṭhaparicchedena vā cattāro paccayā vuttā, ūnehipi pana uppajjateva. Idha muhuttaramaṇīyatā upamopameyyasambandho vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā pana <span class="bld">marīcikā</span> asārā agayhupagā. Na hi taṃ gahetvā pātuṃ vā nhāyituṃ vā bhājanaṃ vā pūretuṃ sakkā, evaṃ saññāpi asārā agayhupagā. Yathā ca marīcikā vipphandamānā sañjātūmivegā viya khāyantī mahājanaṃ vippalambeti, evaṃ saññāpi ‘‘nīlaṃ pītaṃ dīghaṃ rassa’’ntiādinā ārammaṇe pavattamānā sabhāvamatte aṭṭhatvā ‘‘subhaṃ sukhaṃ nicca’’ntiādimicchāgāhassa kāraṇabhāvena lokaṃ vippalambeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā <a name="M2.0167"></a> <span class="bld">kadalikkhandho</span> asāro agayhupago. Na hi taṃ gahetvā gopānasīādīnaṃ atthāya upanetuṃ sakkā, upanītampi tathā na hoti, bahuvaṭṭisamodhāno ca hoti, evaṃ saṅkhārakkhandhopi <a name="V2.0156"></a> asāro agayhupago. Na hi taṃ niccādivasena gahetuṃ sakkā, gahitampi tathā na hoti, bahudhammasamodhāno ca. Aññadeva hi phassassa lakkhaṇaṃ, aññaṃ cetanādīnaṃ, te pana sabbe samodhānetvā saṅkhārakkhandhoti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā ca <span class="bld">māyā</span> asārā agayhupagā. Na hi taṃ gahetvā kiñci atthaṃ kiccaṃ sādhetuṃ sakkā, ittarā lahupaccupaṭṭhānā amaṇiādimeva maṇiādirūpena dassentī mahājanaṃ vañceti, evaṃ viññāṇampi asāraṃ ittaraṃ lahupaccupaṭṭhānaṃ, teneva cittena āgacchantaṃ viya, gacchantaṃ viya, ṭhitaṃ viya, nisinnaṃ viya ca katvā gāhāpeti, aññadeva cittaṃ āgamane, aññaṃ gamanādīsūti. Evaṃ viññāṇaṃ māyāsadisaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pañcapi upādānakkhandhā asubhādisabhāvā eva saṃkilesāsucivatthubhāvāditoti asubhādito daṭṭhabbā eva, tathāpi katthaci koci viseso sukhaggahaṇīyo hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘visesato cā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha cattāro satipaṭṭhānā catuvipallāsappahānakarāti tesaṃ gocarabhāvena rūpakkhandhādīsu asubhādibhāvena daṭṭhabbatā vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para509"></a><span class="paranum">509</span>. <span class="bld">Khandhehi na vihaññati</span> parividitasabhāvattā. Vipassakopi tesaṃ vipattiyaṃ na dukkhamāpajjati, khīṇāsavesu pana vattabbameva natthi. Te hi āyatimpi khandhehi na bādhīyantīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kabaḷīkārāhāraṃ parijānātī</span>ti ‘‘āhārasamudayā rūpasamudayo’’ti (saṃ. ni. 3.56,57) vacanato ajjhattikarūpe chandarāgaṃ pajahanto tassa samudayabhūte kabaḷīkārāhārepi chandarāgaṃ pajahatīti attho. Ayaṃ <span class="bld">pahānapariññā</span>. Ajjhattikarūpaṃ pana pariggaṇhanto tassa paccayabhūtaṃ kabaḷīkārāhāraṃ pariggaṇhātīti <span class="bld">ñātapariññā</span>. Tassa ca udayabbayānupassī hotīti <span class="bld">tīraṇapariññā</span> ca yojetabbā. Evaṃ pariññattaye sijjhante ime vipallāsādayo vidhamīyanti evāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘asubhe subhanti vipallāsaṃ pajahatī’’</span>tiādi. Tattha kāmarāgabhūtaṃ abhijjhaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘abhijjhākāyagantha’’</span>nti. Asubhānupassanāya hi kāmarāgappahānaṃ hoti<a name="M2.0168"></a>, kāmarāgamukhena vā sabbalobhappahānaṃ vadati. <span class="bld">Na upādiyati</span> na gaṇhati na uppādeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Phassapaccayā <a name="V2.0157"></a> vedanā’’ti (ma. ni. 3.126; saṃ. ni. 2.39; mahāva. 1; udā. 1; netti. 24) vuttattā ‘‘vedanāya chandarāgaṃ pajahanto tassā paccayabhūte phassāhārepi chandarāgaṃ pajahatī’’tiādinā āhāraparijānane vuttanayena phassaparijānanaṃ yojetabbaṃ. Vedanāya dukkhato dassanena tattha <span class="bld">sukhanti vipallāsaṃ pajahati</span>. Sukhatthameva bhavapatthanā hotīti vedanāya taṇhaṃ pajahanto <span class="bld">bhavoghaṃ uttarati</span>. Tato eva <span class="bld">bhavayogena visaṃyujjati. Bhavāsavena ca anāsavo hoti,</span> sabbavedanaṃ dukkhato passanto attano parena apubbaṃ dukkhaṃ uppāditaṃ, sukhaṃ vā vināsitaṃ na cinteti, tato ‘‘anatthaṃ me acarī’’tiādi (dha. sa. 1237; vibha. 909) āghātavatthuppahānato <span class="bld">byāpādakāyaganthaṃ bhindati</span>. ‘‘Sukhabahule sugatibhave suddhī’’ti aggahetvā gosīlagovatādīhi suddhiṃ parāmasanto sukhapatthanāvaseneva parāmasatīti vedanāya taṇhaṃ pajahantopi <span class="bld">sīlabbatupādānaṃ na upādiyati</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Manosañcetanā saṅkhārakkhandho, saññā pana taṃsampayuttāti saññāsaṅkhāre anattato passanto manosañcetanāya chandarāgaṃ pajahati, tañca pariggaṇhāti, tīreti cāti <span class="bld">‘‘saññaṃ saṅkhāre…pe… parijānātī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Saññāsaṅkhāre anattāti passanto attadiṭṭhimūlakattā sabbadiṭṭhīnaṃ attadiṭṭhiṃ viya sabbadiṭṭhiyopi vidhamatīti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘diṭṭhoghaṃ uttarati…pe… attavādupādānaṃ na upādiyatī’’</span>ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Viññāṇaṃ aniccato passanto</span> aniccānupassanāmukhena tissopi anupassanā ussukkanto tīhipi pariññāhi <span class="bld">viññāṇāhāraṃ parijānāti</span>. Visesato panettha <span class="bld">anicce niccanti vipallāsaṃ pajahati</span>. Tattha niccaggāhabāhullato avijjāya viññāṇe ghanagahaṇaṃ hotīti ghanavinibbhogaṃ katvā taṃ aniccato passanto <span class="bld">avijjoghaṃ uttarati</span>. Tato eva avijjāyogena visaṃyutto <span class="bld">avijjāsavena anāsavo ca hoti</span>. Mohabaleneva sīlabbataparāmasanaṃ hotīti taṃ pajahanto <span class="bld">‘‘sīlabbataparāmāsakāyaganthaṃ bhindati</span>.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Yañca <a name="M2.0169"></a> kho idaṃ, bhikkhave, vuccati cittaṃ itipi, mano itipi, viññāṇaṃ itipi, tatrāssutavā puthujjano nālaṃ nibbindituṃ, nālaṃ virajjituṃ, nālaṃ vimuccituṃ. Taṃ kissa hetu? Dīgharattaṃ hetaṃ, bhikkhave, assutavato puthujjanassa ajjhositaṃ mamāyitaṃ <a name="V2.0158"></a> parāmaṭṭhaṃ ‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’’’tiādi (saṃ. ni. 2.62) –</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vacanato yathā viññāṇaṃ niccato passanto diṭṭhupādānaṃ upādiyati, evaṃ taṃ aniccato passanto <span class="bld">diṭṭhupādānaṃ na upādiyatī</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evaṃ mahānisaṃsanti</span> vuttappakārena vipallāsādisakalasaṃkilesavidhamanupāyabhāvato evaṃ vipuludayaṃ. <span class="bld">Vadhakādivasenā</span>ti ukkhittāsikavadhakādivasena. <span class="bld">Passeyyā</span>ti ñāṇadassanena paccakkhato passeyya.</p>
<p class="centered">Khandhaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti cuddasamaparicchedavaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="chapter">15. Āyatanadhātuniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">Āyatanavitthārakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para510"></a><span class="paranum">510</span>. ‘‘Khandhāyatanā’’tiādinā <a name="M2.0170"></a><a name="V2.0159"></a> heṭṭhā uddiṭṭhāni paduddhāravasena ‘‘āyatanānī’’ti vatvā gaṇanaparicchedenāha <span class="bld">‘‘dvādasāyatanānī’’</span>ti. Tattha vattabbaṃ parato sayameva vakkhati. <span class="bld">Cakkhāyatana</span>ntiādi nesaṃ sarūpadassanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Attho</span> nāma saddattho, bhāvattho pana <span class="bld">lakkhaṇameva</span>. So pana saddattho duvidho – asādhāraṇo sādhāraṇoti. Tattha asādhāraṇo cakkhādisaddattho, sādhāraṇo āyatanasaddattho dvādasannampi samānattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tesu asādhāraṇaṃ tāva dassento <span class="bld">‘‘visesato tāvā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">visesato</span>ti visesatthato, cakkhādisaddatthatoti attho. <span class="bld">Assādetī</span>ti cakkhati-saddo ‘‘madhuṃ cakkhati, byañjanaṃ cakkhatī’’ti rasasāyanattho atthīti tassa vasena atthaṃ vadati. ‘‘Cakkhuṃ kho pana, māgaṇḍiya, rūpārāmaṃ rūparataṃ rūpasammudita’’nti (ma. ni. 2.209) vacanato cakkhu <span class="bld">rūpaṃ assādeti</span>. Satipi sotādīnaṃ saddārāmatādibhāve yo ‘‘yaṃ cakkhu catunnaṃ mahābhūtānaṃ upādāya pasādo’’tiādinā (dha. sa. 597) pāḷiyaṃ, ‘‘rūpābhighātārahabhūtappasādalakkhaṇa’’ntiādinā (dha. sa. aṭṭha. 600; visuddhi. 2.433) aṭṭhakathāyañca vutto atthaviseso, tattheva niruḷhattā cakkhumhi eva cakkhusaddo pavattati gavādīsu gosaddādi viyāti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vibhāveti cā</span>ti saddalakkhaṇasiddhassa cakkhati-saddassa vasena atthaṃ vadati. <span class="bld">Cakkhatī</span>ti hi ācikkhati, abhibyattaṃ vadatīti attho. Nettassa ca vadantassa viya samavisamavibhāvanameva <a name="V2.0160"></a> ācikkhananti katvā āha <span class="bld">‘‘vibhāveti cāti attho’’</span>ti, anekatthattā vā dhātūnaṃ vibhāvanatthatā ca cakkhati-saddassa daṭṭhabbā. Rattaduṭṭhādikālesu kakaṇṭakarūpaṃ viya, uddarūpaṃ viya ca vaṇṇavikāraṃ āpajjamānaṃ rūpaṃ hadayaṅgatabhāvaṃ rūpayati rūpamiva pakāsaṃ karoti, saviggahamiva katvā dassetīti attho. Vitthāraṇaṃ vā <a name="M2.0171"></a> rūpasaddassa attho, vitthāraṇañca pakāsanamevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pakāsetīti attho’’</span>ti. Anekatthattā vā dhātūnaṃ pakāsanattho eva rūpasaddo daṭṭhabbo. Vaṇṇavācakassa rūpasaddassa rūpayatīti nibbacanaṃ, rūpakkhandhavācakassa ruppatīti ayaṃ viseso. <span class="bld">Udāharīyatī</span>ti vuccatīti atthe vacanasaddo eva gahito siyā, na ca vacanasaddo evettha saddo, atha kho sabbopi sotaviññeyyoti. <span class="bld">Sappatī</span>ti sakehi paccayehi sappīyati, sotaviññeyyabhāvaṃ gamīyatīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sūcayatī</span>ti attano vatthuṃ apākaṭaṃ gandhavasena ‘‘idaṃ sugandhaṃ, duggandha’’nti pakāseti, paṭicchannaṃ vā pupphādivatthuṃ ‘‘ettha pupphamatthi, campakādiphalamatthi, ambādī’’ti pesuññaṃ karontaṃ viya hotīti attho. Rasaggahaṇamūlakattā ajjhoharaṇassa jīvitahetumhi āhārarase ninnatāya <span class="bld">jīvitaṃ avhayatīti jivhā</span> niruttilakkhaṇena. <span class="bld">Kucchitānaṃ sāsavadhammānaṃ āyo</span>ti visesena <span class="bld">kāyo</span> vutto anuttariyahetubhāvaṃ anāgacchantesu kāmarāganidānakammajanitesu, kāmarāgassa ca visesapaccayesu ghānajivhākāyesu kāyassa visesatarasāsavapaccayattā. Tena hi phoṭṭhabbasukhaṃ assādentā sattā methunampi sevanti. <span class="bld">Uppattideso</span>ti uppattiṭṭhānanti attho, kāyindriyavatthukā vā cattāro khandhā balavakāmāsavādihetubhāvato visesena sāsavāti vuttāti tesaṃ uppattiṭṭhānanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Munātī</span>ti nāḷiyā minamāno viya, mahātulāya dhārayamāno viya ca ārammaṇaṃ vijānātīti attho. Manate iti vā <span class="bld">mano,</span> taṃ taṃ ārammaṇaṃ paricchedavasena jānātīti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Attano lakkhaṇaṃ dhārentī</span>ti ye visesalakkhaṇena āyatanasaddaparā vattabbā, te cakkhādayo tathā vuttāti tato aññe manogocarabhūtā dhammā sāmaññalakkhaṇeneva ekāyatanabhāvaṃ upanetvā vuttā. Yathā hi oḷārikavatthārammaṇamananasaṅkhātehi visayavisayībhāvehi purimāni pākaṭāni, tathā apākaṭā ca aññe manogocarā na attano sabhāvaṃ na dhārentīti imassa atthassa dīpanattho dhammasaddo. Dhārīyanti sāmaññarūpena avadhārīyantīti vā <span class="bld">dhammā</span>. Yathā hi rūpādayo cakkhuviññāṇādīhi asādhāraṇato eva yathāsakaṃ <a name="V2.0161"></a> sabhāvato viññāyanti<a name="M2.0172"></a>, na evamete, ete pana anekadhammabhāvato, sādhāraṇato, sabhāvasāmaññatopi manasā viññāyantīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para511"></a><span class="paranum">511</span>. <span class="bld">Sena senā</span>ti sakena sakena. <span class="bld">Uṭṭhahantī</span>ti uṭṭhānaṃ karonti. <span class="bld">Vāyamantī</span>ti ussahanti, attano kiccaṃ karonticceva attho. Imasmiṃ ca atthe āyatanti etthāti āyatanānīti adhikaraṇattho āyatanasaddo, dutiyatatiyesu kattuattho. <span class="bld">Te cā</span>ti cittacetasike dhamme. Te hi taṃtaṃdvārārammaṇesu ayanti gacchanti pavattantīti <span class="bld">āyā. Vitthārentī</span>ti pubbe anuppannattā līnāni apākaṭāni pubbantato uddhaṃ pattharenti pākaṭāni karonti, uppādentīti attho. <span class="bld">Idañca</span> saṃsāradukkhaṃ. <span class="bld">Na nivattatī</span>ti anuppādanirodhavasena na nirujjhati. <span class="bld">Āyatanaṃ āyatana</span>nti āmeḍitavacanaṃ assā samaññāya cakkhādīsu niruḷhabhāvadassanatthaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para512"></a><span class="paranum">512</span>. Evaṃ avayavabhedavasena āyatanasaddassa atthaṃ vatvā idāni tattha pariyāyatopi dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘apicā’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Sādhuphalabharitatāya, aparissayatāya ca <span class="bld">manoramme</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">nivasantī</span>ti nivasantā viya honti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tadāyattavuttitāyā’’</span>ti. Yattha suvaṇṇaratanādīni nivutthāni viya ākiṇṇāni tiṭṭhanti, so padeso tesaṃ <span class="bld">ākaro,</span> evaṃ cittacetasikā cakkhādīsūti te tesaṃ ākaroti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘cakkhādīsu ca…pe… ākaro’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tannissitattā</span>ti ettha mano manoviññāṇādīnaṃ cittacetasikānaṃ nissayapaccayo na hotīti tassa tesaṃ dvārabhāvo nissayabhāvoti daṭṭhabbo. Ahutvā eva paccayasāmaggivasena uppajjantāpi cittacetasikā aneke ekajjhaṃ tattha labbhamānā samosaṭā viya hontīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vatthudvārārammaṇavasena samosaraṇato’’</span>ti. Na hi dhammānaṃ anāgataddhe vijjamānatālesopi atthi. Tenāha ‘‘puñjo natthi anāgate’’ti (mahāni. 10). <span class="bld">Tattheva uppattito</span>ti tesu cakkhādīsu eva uppattito. Uppattiyā paccayabhūte cakkhādike uppattiṭṭhānaṃ viya katvā upacāravasena vuttaṃ. Na hi arūpadhammānaṃ nippariyāyato uppattideso nāma atthi. Yadaggena vā te <a name="M2.0173"></a> tesaṃ nissayārammaṇabhūtā, tadaggena <span class="bld">sañjātideso</span>. Na hi paccayabhāvamantarena rūpadhammānampi ādhārādheyyabhāvo atthi. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘nissayārammaṇabhāvenā’’</span>ti. Byatirekapadhānatāya kāraṇalakkhaṇassa <span class="bld">‘‘tesaṃ abhāve abhāvato’’</span> iccevāha, na ‘‘bhāve bhāvato’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yathāvuttenatthenā</span>ti <a name="V2.0162"></a> ‘‘cakkhatī’’tiādinā, ‘‘āyatanato āyānaṃ tananato’’tiādinā, ‘‘nivāsaṭṭhāna’’ntiādinā ca vuttappakārena atthena. Dhammāyatanapariyāpannānaṃ dhammānaṃ bahubhāvato yebhuyyena ca te bahū eva hutvā kiccakarāti <span class="bld">‘‘dhammā ca te āyatanañcā’’</span>ti bahuvacananiddeso.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para513"></a><span class="paranum">513</span>. Tathā tathā lakkhitabbato lakkhīyati etenāti vā <span class="bld">lakkhaṇaṃ,</span> sabhāvo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tāvabhāvato</span>ti tattakato, tena anūnādhikabhāvaṃ dasseti. Tattha dvādasāyatanavinimuttassa kassaci dhammassa abhāvā adhikabhāvato codanā natthi, salakkhaṇadhāraṇaṃ pana sabbesaṃ sāmaññalakkhaṇanti ūnacodanā sambhavatīti taṃ dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘cakkhādayopi hī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Bhavaṅgamanasaṅkhāto</span>ti dvikkhattuṃ calitvā pavattabhavaṅgamanasaṅkhāto. Calanavasena bhavaṅgappavattiyā sati eva āvajjanuppatti, na aññatthāti āvajjanassāpi kāraṇabhūtanti katvā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘bhavaṅgamanasaṅkhāto…pe… uppattidvāra’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Asādhāraṇa</span>nti cakkhuviññāṇādīnaṃ asādhāraṇaṃ. Satipi asādhāraṇabhāve cakkhādīnaṃ dvārabhāvena gahitattā dhammāyatanena aggahaṇaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Dvārārammaṇabhāvehi vā asādhāraṇataṃ sandhāya ‘‘asādhāraṇa’’nti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para514"></a><span class="paranum">514</span>. Yebhuyyasahuppattiādīhi uppattikkamādīsu ayutti yojetabbā. Yebhuyyena hi cakkhāyatanādīni kassaci kadāci ekato uppajjanti. Tathā hi vuttaṃ ‘‘kāmadhātuyā upapattikkhaṇe kassaci ekādasāyatanāni pātubhavantī’’tiādi (yama. aṭṭha. āyatanayamaka 18-21). Tasmā āyatanānaṃ uppattikkamo tāva na yujjati, na pahānakkamo kusalābyākatānaṃ appahātabbato, na paṭipattikkamo akusalānaṃ ekaccaabyākatānañca appaṭipajjanīyato<a name="M2.0174"></a>, na bhūmikkamo aḍḍhekādasannaṃ āyatanānaṃ ekantakāmāvacarattā, itaresañca catubhūmipariyāpannattā, ekaccassa lokuttarabhāvato cāti. <span class="bld">‘‘Ajjhattikesu hī’’</span>ti etena ajjhattikabhāvena, visayībhāvena ca ajjhattikānaṃ paṭhamaṃ desetabbataṃ dasseti, tesupi paṭhamaṃ desetabbesu pākaṭattā paṭhamataraṃ cakkhāyatanaṃ desitanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tato ghānāyatanādīnī</span>ti ettha bahupakārattābhāvena cakkhusotehi purimataraṃ adesetabbāni, saha vattuṃ asakkuṇeyyattā ekena kamena desetabbānīti ghānādikkamena desitānīti adhippāyo<a name="V2.0163"></a>. Aññathāpi hi desitesu na na sakkā codetuṃ, na ca sakkā bodhetabbāni na desetunti. Paccuppannārammaṇattā vā cakkhādīni paṭhamaṃ vuttāni ārammaṇato supākaṭānīti, manāyatanaṃ pana kiñci paccunnārammaṇaṃ…pe… kiñci yāva navattabbārammaṇanti pacchā vuttaṃ. Paccuppannārammaṇesupi upādārūpārammaṇāni cattāri paṭhamaṃ vuttāni, tato bhūtarūpārammaṇaṃ. Upādārūpārammaṇesupi dūratare dūre, sīghataraṃ sīghañca ārammaṇasampaṭicchanadīpanatthaṃ cakkhādīnaṃ desanākkamo. Cakkhusotadvayañhi dūragocaranti paṭhamaṃ vuttaṃ, tatrāpi cakkhu dūrataragocaranti sabbapaṭhamaṃ vuttaṃ. Passantopi hi dūratare nadīsotaṃ, na tassa sotapaṭighātasaddaṃ suṇāti. Ghānajivhāsupi ghānaṃ sīghataravuttīti paṭhamaṃ vuttaṃ purato ṭhapitamattassapi bhojanassa gandho gayhatīti. Yathāṭhānaṃ vā tesaṃ desanākkamo. Imasmiñhi sarīre sabbupari cakkhussa adhiṭṭhānaṃ, tassa adho sotassa, tassa adho ghānassa, tassa adho jivhāya, tathā kāyassa yebhuyyato, mano pana arūpibhāvato sabbapacchā vutto. Taṃtaṃgocarattā tassa tassa anantaraṃ bāhirāyatanāni vuttānīti vuttovāyamatthoti evampi imesaṃ kamo veditabbo. Gocaro visayo etassāti <span class="bld">gocaravisayo,</span> mano. Kassa pana gocaro etassa visayo? Cakkhādīnaṃ pañcannampi. <span class="bld">Viññāṇuppattikāraṇavavatthānato</span>ti cakkhuviññāṇādīnaṃ uppattikāraṇassa vavatthitabhāvato savibhattibhāvato. Etena cakkhādianantaraṃ rūpādivacanassa ca kāraṇamāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para515"></a><span class="paranum">515</span>. <span class="bld">Saṅgahitattā</span>ti gaṇanasaṅgahavasena saṅgahitattā. <span class="bld">Jātivasenā</span>ti cakkhubhāvasamānatāvasena. <span class="bld">Paccayabhedo</span> kammādibhedo. Dānādipāṇātipātādibhedabhinnassa <a name="M2.0175"></a> hi kusalākusalakammassa, tassa ca sahakārīkāraṇabhūtānaṃ abbhantarānaṃ, bāhirānañca paccayānaṃ bhedena cakkhāyatanaṃ bhinnaṃ visadisaṃ hotīti. Nirayādiko, apadādigatinānākaraṇañca <span class="bld">gatibhedo</span> gatīnaṃ, gatīsu vā bhedoti katvā. Hatthiassādiko, khattiyādiko ca <span class="bld">nikāyabhedo</span>. Taṃtaṃsattasantānabhedo <span class="bld">puggalabhedo</span>. Yā cakkhādīnaṃ vatthūnaṃ anantappabhedatā vuttā, so eva hadayavatthussa bhedo tādisabhedānātivattanato. Tato manāyatanassa anantappabhedatā yojetabbā. Yasmā jhānavirahitaṃ nāma lokuttaraṃ natthi, tasmā pañcannaṃ jhānānaṃ vasena aṭṭha lokuttaracittāni cattālīsaṃ hontīti tāni ekāsītiyā lokiyacittesu pakkhipitvā āha <span class="bld">‘‘ekavīsuttarasatappabhedañcā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Vatthū</span>ti cakkhādivatthu. Tappabhedena viññāṇaṃ <span class="bld">anantappabhedaṃ. Paṭipadā</span> dukkhāpaṭipadādi. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena jhānādhipatibhūmiārammaṇādīnaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. Nīlaṃ nīlassa sabhāgaṃ, aññaṃ <span class="bld">visabhāgaṃ. Paccayo</span> kammādi. Tatthāpi kusalasamuṭṭhānāditā, sītautusamuṭṭhānāditā <a name="V2.0164"></a> ca bhedo veditabbo. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena gatinikāyabhedo. <span class="bld">Sabhāvanānattabhedato</span>ti sukhā dukkhā adukkhamasukhāti evamādiko <span class="bld">sabhāvabhedo</span>. Cakkhusamphassajā sotasamphassajāti evamādikaṃ <span class="bld">nānattaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para516"></a><span class="paranum">516</span>. ‘‘Anāgamanato aniggamanato’’ti saṅkhepena vuttamatthaṃ vivarituṃ <span class="bld">‘‘na hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Pubbantāparantesu avijjamānasarūpattā udayato pubbe kutoci nāgacchanti, vayato ca uddhaṃ na katthaci gacchanti, vijjamānakkhaṇepi ittarakālatāya aniccā dukkhā vipariṇāmadhammā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘atha kho’’</span>tiādi. Saparipphandakiriyāvasena īhanaṃ īhā, cintanavasena byāpāranaṃ byāpāro, tattha byāpāraṃ dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘na hi cakkhurūpādīnaṃ evaṃ hotī’’</span>ti. Īhaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘na ca tānī’’</span>tiādi. Ubhayampi pana īhā ca hoti byāpāro cāti uppaṭipāṭivacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Dhammatāvā</span>ti sabhāvo eva, kāraṇasamatthatā vā īhābyāpārarahitānaṃ dvārādibhāvo <span class="bld">dhammatā</span>. Imasmiñca atthe <span class="bld">‘‘ya’’</span>nti etassa yasmāti attho. Purimasmiṃ sambhavanavisesanaṃ yaṃ-saddo. ‘‘Suñño gāmoti kho, bhikkhave, channetaṃ ajjhattikānaṃ āyatanānaṃ adhivacana’’nti (saṃ. ni. 4.238) vacanato <span class="bld">suññagāmo</span> <span class="bld">viya</span> <a name="M2.0176"></a> <span class="bld">daṭṭhabbāni</span>. Annapānasahitanti gahite suññagāme yaṃ yadeva bhājanaṃ parāmasīyati, taṃ taṃ rittakaṃyeva parāmasīyati, evaṃ dhuvādibhāvena gahitāni yoniso upaparikkhiyamānāni rittakāneva etāni dissantīti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘dhuvasubhasukhattabhāvavirahitattā’’</span>ti. Cakkhādidvāresu abhijjhādomanassuppādakabhāvena rūpādīni cakkhādīnaṃ abhighātakānīti vuttāni. Ahisusumārapakkhīkukkurasiṅgālamakkaṭā <span class="bld">cha pāṇakā</span>. Visamabilākāsagāmasusānavanāni <span class="bld">tesaṃ gocarā</span>. Tattha visamādiajjhāsayehi cakkhādīhi visamabhāvabilākāsagāmasusānasannissitasadisūpādinnadhammavanabhāvehi abhiramitattā rūpādīnaṃ visamādisadisatā yojetabbā.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti āyatanānaṃ vitthārakathāmukhavaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Dhātuvitthārakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para517"></a><span class="paranum">517</span>. <span class="bld">Cakkhussa viññāṇa</span>nti cakkhussa kāraṇabhūtassa viññāṇaṃ. Kāmaṃ rūpālokamanasikārādayopi <a name="V2.0165"></a> tassa viññāṇassa kāraṇā, te pana sādhāraṇakāraṇaṃ, cakkhu asādhāraṇanti asādhāraṇakāraṇenāyaṃ niddeso yathā bherisaddo, yavaṅkuroti. Tathā hi cakkhu puggalantarāsādhāraṇaṃ, nīlādisabbarūpasādhāraṇañcāti sāmibhāvena niddiṭṭhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vidahatī</span>ti evaṃ evañca tayā pavattitabbanti viniyuñjamānaṃ viya uppādetīti attho. <span class="bld">Vidahatī</span>ti ca dhātvattho eva visiṭṭho upasaggena dīpīyatīti vināpi upasaggena <span class="bld">dhātū</span>ti esa saddo tamatthaṃ vadatīti daṭṭhabbo. Kattukammabhāvakaraṇādhikaraṇesu ca dhātusaddasiddhi hotīti pañcāpi te atthā vuttā. Lokuttarā dhātuyo saṃsāradukkhaṃ na vidahanti, aññadatthu vidhaṃsentīti katvā <span class="bld">‘‘lokiyā’’</span>ti visesitaṃ. <span class="bld">Vavatthitā</span>ti avatthitā, aññamaññaṃ vā asaṃkiṇṇā. <span class="bld">Suvaṇṇarajatādidhātuyo</span> suvaṇṇādīnaṃ bījabhūtā selādayo. <span class="bld">Yathāsambhava</span>nti ettha keci ‘‘lokiyalokuttarāsu dhātūsu yo yo attho sambhavati, tadanurūpa’’nti atthaṃ vadanti, tadayuttaṃ ‘‘lokiyā hi dhātuyo’’ti visesetvā vuttattā. Atthavasena cetaṃ yathāsambhavaggahaṇaṃ kataṃ, na dhātuvasena<a name="M2.0177"></a>. Kāmaṃ pañcapi atthā cakkhādīnaṃ sabbesaṃ icchitabbā, tathāpi cakkhādīsu yassa yassa dhammassa yadā kattuvacanicchā, na tadā kammabhāvo. Yadā pana kammavacanicchā, na tadā kattubhāvo. Evaṃ sesesupīti yathāsambhavaggahaṇaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘iti cakkhādīsū’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para518"></a><span class="paranum">518</span>. <span class="bld">Attano sabhāvaṃ dhārentīti dhātuyo</span>ti etthāpi dhātīti dhātūti padasiddhi veditabbā dhāraṇattho dhā-saddoti katvā. Kattuatthopi cāyaṃ purimena asadiso vidhānadhāraṇatthānaṃ bhinnasabhāvattā. Nissattasabhāvamattadhāraṇañca dhātusaddassa padhāno atthoti visuṃ vutto. <span class="bld">Dhātuyo viya dhātuyo</span>ti ettha sīhasaddo viya kesarimhi niruḷhā purise selāvayavesu niruḷho dhātusaddo cakkhādīsu upacaritoti daṭṭhabbo. Ñāṇañca ñeyyañca ñāṇañeyyāni, tesaṃ avayavā tappabhedabhūtā dhātuyo <span class="bld">ñāṇañeyyāvayavā</span>. Tattha <span class="bld">ñāṇappabhedo</span> dhammadhātuekadeso, <span class="bld">ñeyyappabhedo</span> aṭṭhārasāpīti ñāṇañeyyāvayavamattā dhātuyo hontīti. Atha vā ñāṇena ñātabbo sabhāvo aviparīto dhātusaddena vuccamāno <span class="bld">ñāṇañeyyo,</span> na diṭṭhiādīhi viparītaggāhakehi ñeyyoti attho, tassa ñāṇañeyyassa <span class="bld">avayavā</span> cakkhādayo, visabhāgalakkhaṇāvayavesu rasādīsu niruḷho dhātusaddo tādisesu aññāvayavesu cakkhādīsu upacaritoti daṭṭhabbo. Rasādīsu viya vā cakkhādīsupi niruḷho eva. <span class="bld">‘‘Nijjīvamattassetaṃ adhivacana’’</span>nti etena nijjīvamattapadatthe dhātusaddassa niruḷhataṃ dasseti. Cha dhātuyo etassāti <span class="bld">chadhāturo</span>. Yo loke purisoti dhammasamudāyo <a name="V2.0166"></a> vuccati, so chadhāturo channaṃ pathavīādīnaṃ nijjīvamattānaṃ sabhāvānaṃ samudāyamatto, na ettha jīvo vā puriso vā atthīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para519"></a><span class="paranum">519</span>. Cakkhādīnaṃ kamo pubbe vuttoti idhekekasmiṃ tike tiṇṇaṃ dhātūnaṃ kamaṃ dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘hetuphalānupubbavavatthānavasenā’’</span>ti. Hetuphalānaṃ anupubbavavatthānaṃ hetuphalabhāvo eva, manodhammadhātūnañca manoviññāṇassa hetubhāvo yathāsambhavaṃ yojetabbo. Kiriyamanodhātu manoviññāṇassa upanissayakoṭiyā, vipākamanodhātu vipākamanoviññāṇassa anantarādināpi, itarassa sabbāpi upanissayakoṭiyā <a name="M2.0178"></a> ca, dhammadhātu pana vedanādikā sahajātā sahajātādinā, asahajātā anantarādinā, upanissayena, ārammaṇādinā ca manoviññāṇassa paccayo hotīti dvārabhūtamanovasena vā. Dvārabhūtamanopi hi suttesu manodhātūti vuccatīti tassā vā manodhātuyā manoviññāṇassa hetubhāvo yathāsambhavaṃ yojetabbo. Tattha <span class="bld">hetū</span>ti paccayo adhippeto, <span class="bld">phala</span>nti paccayuppannanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘cakkhudhātū’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para520"></a><span class="paranum">520</span>. <span class="bld">Sabbāsaṃ vasenā</span>ti yathāvuttānaṃ ābhādhātuādīnaṃ pañcatiṃsāya dhātūnaṃ vasena. Aparamatthasabhāvassa paramatthasabhāvesu na kadāci antogadhatā atthīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sabhāvato vijjamānāna’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Candābhāsūriyābhādikā vaṇṇanibhā evāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘rūpadhātuyeva hi ābhādhātū’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Rūpādipaṭibaddhā</span>ti rāgavatthubhāvena gahetabbākāro subhanimittanti katvā ‘‘rūpādayo evā’’ti avatvā paṭibaddhavacanaṃ vuttaṃ. Asatipi rāgavatthubhāve kusalavipākārammaṇaṃ <span class="bld">subhadhātū</span>ti dutiyo vikappo vutto. <span class="bld">Sesā</span>ti manoviññāṇadhātusampayuttā. <span class="bld">Dhātudvayanirodhamatta</span>nti manoviññāṇadhātūnaṃ nirodhamattaṃ catutthāruppacittuppādanirodhabhāvato. Tadaññaviññāṇanirodho viya hi viññāṇadhātumanodhātūnaṃ nirodho samāpattibalasiddhoti katvā dhātudvayaggahaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Dhammadhātumatta’’</span>nti idaṃ kāmadhātuyā dhammadhātupariyāpannattā vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Kāmapaṭisaṃyutto</span>ti kāmarāgasampayutto, ārammaṇakaraṇena vā kāmaguṇopasaṃhito. <span class="bld">Yaṃ etasmiṃ antare</span>ti ye etasmiṃ avīciparanimmitavasavattiparicchinne okāse. Ogāḷhā hutvā adhobhāge ca okāse carantīti <span class="bld">etthāvacarā</span>. Aññattha carantāpi yathāvutte eva ṭhāne pariyāpannāti <span class="bld">ettha pariyāpannā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nekkhammadhātu</span> <a name="V2.0167"></a> <span class="bld">dhammadhātu eva</span> vitakkapakkhe. <span class="bld">Sabbepi kusalā dhammā</span>ti dānamayapuññakiriyato, sīlamayapuññakiriyato, pabbajjato ca paṭṭhāya yāva aggamaggādhigamā pavattā sabbepi anavajjadhammā. <span class="bld">Vihiṃsādhātu</span> cetanā, paraviheṭhanacchando vā. <span class="bld">Avihiṃsā</span> karuṇā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Hīnā</span>ti <a name="M2.0179"></a> hīḷitā. <span class="bld">Paṇītā</span>ti sambhāvitā. ‘‘Nātihīḷitā nātisambhāvitā majjhimā’’ti <span class="bld">khandhaniddese</span> āgatā hīnadukato eva nīharitvā <span class="bld">majjhimā</span> dhātu vuttāti veditabbā. <span class="bld">Ubhopī</span>ti dhammadhātumanoviññāṇadhātuyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Viññāṇadhātu yadipi chaviññāṇadhātuvasena vibhattā, tathāpi viññāṇadhātuggahaṇena tassa purecārikapacchācārikattā manodhātu gahitāva hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘viññāṇadhātu cakkhuviññāṇādisattaviññāṇadhātu saṅkhepoyevā’’</span>ti. Anekesaṃ cakkhudhātuādīnaṃ, tāsu ca ekekissā nānappakāratāya nānādhātūnaṃ vasena <span class="bld">anekadhātu nānādhātu loko</span> vuttoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘aṭṭhārasadhātuppabhedamattamevā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para521"></a><span class="paranum">521</span>. <span class="bld">Cakkhusotaghānajivhākāyamanodhātumanoviññāṇadhātubhedenā</span>ti bahūsu potthakesu likhitaṃ, kesuci ‘‘cakkhusotaghānajivhākāyamanomanoviññāṇadhātubhedenā’’ti. Tattha na cakkhādīnaṃ kevalena dhātusaddena sambandho adhippeto vijānanasabhāvassa pabhedavacanato. Viññāṇadhātusaddena ca sambandhe kariyamāne dve manogahaṇāni na kātabbāni. Na hi dve manoviññāṇadhātuyo santi. Antarā vā manodhātugahaṇaṃ akatvā ‘‘cakkhu…pe… kāyamanoviññāṇadhātumanodhātū’’ti vattabbaṃ atulyayoge dvandasamāsābhāvato. Ayaṃ panettha pāṭho siyā ‘‘cakkhu…pe… kāyaviññāṇamanomanoviññāṇadhātubhedenā’’ti. <span class="bld">Tassa</span> viññāṇassa yebhuyyena attavādino tassa ekamekassa attassa advayataṃ, niccattañca pavedentīti anekatāniccatāpakāsanaṃ tesaṃ jīvasaññāsamūhananāya hoti. Khandhāyatanadesanā <span class="bld">saṅkhepadesanā,</span> indriyadesanā <span class="bld">vitthāradesanā,</span> tadubhayaṃ apekkhitvā ayaṃ <span class="bld">anatisaṅkhepavitthārā</span> dhātudesanā. Abhidhamme vā <span class="bld">suttantabhājanīye</span> (vibha. 172 ādayo) vuttā dhātudesanā atisaṅkhepadesanā, ābhādhātuādīnaṃ anekadhātunānādhātuantānaṃ vasena desetabbā ativitthāradesanā, tadubhayaṃ apekkhitvā ayaṃ anatisaṅkhepavitthārā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Assa</span> <a name="V2.0168"></a> bhagavato. Saddhammatejasā vihataṃ <span class="bld">saddhammatejavihataṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para522"></a><span class="paranum">522</span>. <span class="bld">Saṅkhato</span>ti <a name="M2.0180"></a> gaṇanato. <span class="bld">Jātito</span>ti cakkhubhāvasāmaññato. Atha vā <span class="bld">jātito</span>ti cakkhusabhāvato. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘cakkhupasādo’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Vīsati dhammāti saṅkhaṃ gacchati</span> vedanādīnaṃ abhinditvā gahaṇato. <span class="bld">Sesakusalākusalābyākataviññāṇavasenā</span>ti ettha abyākatāpekkhāya sesaggahaṇaṃ, kusalākusalaṃ pana sabbaso aggahitamevāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para523"></a><span class="paranum">523</span>. <span class="bld">Tā ca</span> cakkhuviññāṇadhātuādayo <span class="bld">pañcapi</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Purimehevā</span>ti anantarādīhi eva. Javanamanoviññāṇadhātu pana javanamanoviññāṇadhātuyā āsevanapaccayenāpi paccayo hotīti vuttovāyamattho. <span class="bld">Dhammadhātū</span>ti pana sahajāto vedanādikkhandho adhippeto. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sahajāta…pe… paccayo hotī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Avigatādīhī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena manoviññāṇadhātuyā yathārahaṃ hetuadhipatikammavipākāhārindriyajhānamaggapaccayabhāvo saṅgayhati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘bahudhā paccayo hotī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ekaccā ca dhammadhātu</span> sukhumarūpanibbānappakārā, yā ca sampayogānantarabhāvādīnaṃ abhāvena ārammaṇakaraṇe yogyā. Pañcadvārikavipākavajjanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ekaccāya manoviññāṇadhātuyā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ, manodvārikā pana vipākāpi tadārammaṇabhūtā ekaccaṃ dhammadhātuṃ ārabbha pavattatīti. Atha vā <span class="bld">‘‘ekaccāya manoviññāṇadhātuyā’’</span>ti idaṃ sabbaṃ kāmāvacarakusalaṃ kāmāvacarakiriyaṃ abhiññādvayaṃ āruppadvayanti evarūpaṃ manoviññāṇadhātuṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ, lokuttaramanoviññāṇadhātuyā pana ekaccā dhammadhātu ārammaṇapaccayoti pākaṭoyamattho. Cakkhuviññāṇadhātuādīnaṃ cakkhādīnaṃ yathāvuttapaccayadhammato atirekepi paccayadhamme dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘na kevala’’</span>ntiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">ālokādayo</span>ti āloko nāma sūriyālokādi. Tassa suttantanayena upanissayabhāvo veditabbo, evaṃ sesānipi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vivaraṃ</span> nāma visesato sotabilaṃ. <span class="bld">Vāyu</span> gandhūpasaṃharaṇakavāto. <span class="bld">Āpo</span> mukhe pakkhittaāhārassa temanakaudakaṃ. <span class="bld">Pathavī</span> kāyappasādassa nissayabhūtā pathavīdhātu. <span class="bld">Bhavaṅgamanaṃ</span> dvikkhattuṃ calitaṃ bhavaṅgacittaṃ. Sabbattha <span class="bld">manasikāro</span> āvajjanamanasikāro.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para524"></a><span class="paranum">524</span>. Avisesato <a name="M2.0181"></a><a name="V2.0169"></a> daṭṭhabbākārassa vuccamānattā āha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbā evā’’</span>ti. Visesato vipassanāya bhūmivicāro esoti <span class="bld">‘‘saṅkhatā’’</span>ti visesitaṃ. <span class="bld">Pubbantāparantavivittato</span>ti ettha ‘‘<span class="bld">pubbanto</span>nāma atīto addhā, <span class="bld">aparanto</span> nāma anāgato. Ubhayattha ca saṅkhatā dhātuyo sabhāvavivittā anupalabbhamānasabhāvattā. <span class="bld">Pubbanto</span> vā sabhāvadhammassa udayo tato pubbe avijjamānattā. <span class="bld">Aparanto</span> vayo tato paraṃ abhāvato. Tasmā <span class="bld">pubbantāparantavivittato</span>ti pākābhāvato viddhaṃsābhāvatoti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bheritalaṃ viya cakkhudātu</span> saddassa viya viññāṇassa nissayabhāvato. Ādāsatalādīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Yantaṃ</span> nāma ucchuyantaṃ. <span class="bld">Cakkayaṭṭhī</span>ti tilamanthaṃ āha. So hi acakkabaṇdhopi taṃsadisatāya cakkayaṭṭhītveva vuccati, cakkabandhameva vā sandhāya tathā vuttaṃ. Imāhi ca upamāhi nijjīvāna. Bheritaladaṇḍādīnaṃ samāyoge, nijjīvānaṃ saddādīnaṃ viya nijjīvānaṃ cakkhurūpādīnaṃ samāyoge nijjīvānaṃ cakkhuviññāṇādīnaṃ pavattīti kāraṇaphalānaṃ dhātumattataṃ, kārakavedakavirahañca dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Purecarānucarā viyā</span>ti nijjīvassa kassaci keci nijjīvā purecarānucarā viyāti attho. Manodhātuyeva vā attano khaṇaṃ anativattantī attano khaṇa anativattantānaṃyeva cakkhuviññāṇādīnaṃ avijjamānāyapi purecarānucarābhisandhiyaṃ anantarapubbakālāparakālatāya purecarānucarā viya daṭṭhabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Channañhi viññāṇadhātūnaṃ ekajjhaṃ anekānantarapaccayābhāvato ekajjhaṃ uppattiabhāvo viya aññamaññānantarapaccayatābhāvato anantaruppattipi natthi. Yadi siyā, chaḷārammaṇasannidhāne manasikāramantarenāpi chaḷārammaṇūpaladdhi siyā, na ca hoti, tasmā dassanādianantaraṃ savanādīnaṃ abhāvo viya manoviññāṇadhātānantaraṃ na dassanādīni, na ca dassanādianantaraṃ manoviññāṇadhātu hoti. Tattha bhavaṅgassa, dassanādīnañca bhinnārammaṇatāya manoviññāṇadhātānantaraṃ dassanādīni, dassanādīnaṃ anantarañca savanādīni na uppajjantīti yuttametaṃ. Dassanādīnaṃ, pana santīramaṇassa ca abhinnavisayatāya dassanādianantaraṃ na manāviññāṇadātu hotīti ayuttanti<a name="M2.0182"></a>? Nayidamevaṃ niyatāniyatavisayānaṃ bhinnavisayabhāvupapattito. Yadi ca dassanādianantaraṃ kāci viññāṇadhātu uppajjeyya, sāpi dassanādidvāratāya <a name="V2.0170"></a> dassanādiviññāṇadhātu eva siyā, na manoviññāṇadhātu, tato ca dassanādikiccavidhuraṃ cintanaṃ manananti manodvārappavattānaṃ mananakiccāpariccāgo viya dassanaviññāṇadhātuyā dassanakiccāpariccāgo āpajjati. Tathā tadanantarassāti sabbāyapi dassanaviññāṇabhāvato ca viññāṇakāyā na bhaveyyuṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā pana manoviññāṇadhātānantaraṃ manodhātu, tato cakkhuviññāṇādīni, evaṃ dassanaviññāṇadhātānantaraṃ manodhātu, tato sotaviññāṇādīni hontīti ce? Na, manodhātuyā dassanadhātubhāvappasaṅgato. Yathā hi manaso nibbisesāvatthā mananamattatāya manodhātu, evaṃ dassanassa nibbisesāvatthā dassanamattatāya dassanadhātu siyā. Tañca cakkhūviññāṇaṃ rūpavisayanti saddādivisayābhogābhāvato savanaviññāṇādīnaṃ asambhavo. Tato ca rūpārammaṇapasutameva viññāṇaṃ siyā manoviññāṇānaṃ viya dassanaviññāṇādīnaṃ samānavatthubhāvappasaṅgato, aññavatthusannissitañca viññāṇaṃ na siyā, na cetaṃ yuttaṃ. Tasmā sukhadukkhānaṃ viya upekkhā cakkhuviññāṇādīnaṃ, manoviññāṇassa ca byavadhāyikā <span class="bld">manodhātu</span> daṭṭhabbā, na cassā upekkhāya viya adukkhamasukhatā adassanādiamananatā, ata kho mananakiccāvisesato manoviññāṇasabhāgatā. Mano hi hadayavatthumhi vattamāno aññavatthusannissitānaṃ viññāṇānaṃ visayaṃ dassetvā nivattamāno aggi viya usumamatte mananamatte ṭhatvā nivattati, aññavatthusannissitaviññāṇanirodhe ca uṭṭhahanto aggi viya usumamatte uṭṭhahati. Paccayānurūpapavattikāni ca mananamattāni manoviññāṇadhātuyā antāni honti. Paṭighasaññāsahagatānañhi pañcannaṃ viññāṇānaṃ indriyārammanapaṭighātajatāya abhinipātamattakiccaṃ, mananalakkhaṇindriyasamuppannassa ca manoviññāṇassa visayavicintanāsambhūtatāya tadanurūpācintanā. Tasmā abhinipātappaccayapaṭighaṭṭanānighaṃsabalena bhavaṅgalakkhaṇaṃ cittaṃ calanāvatthaṃ hutvā nivattamānaṃ cintanāvisesavirahato abhinipātānuguṇaṃ cintanāvasānaṃ mananamattaṃ uppādeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dassanādipi <a name="M2.0183"></a> abhinipātamattaṃ dutiyaṃ khaṇaṃ anativattamānaṃ attānuguṇaṃ cintanāmananasamaññāvirahato dassanādiabhinipātavisesavicittaṃ cittabhāvādinā samānaṃ cintanādimananamattaṃ aññavatthusmiṃ nibbatteti, tasmā vatthukiccehi taṃ manoviññāṇakāyasaṅgahitāpi manodhātu manodvāranikkhamapavesabhūtā ārammaṇantare dvārantaramanasikāratabbisayasampaṭicchanabhāvena <a name="V2.0171"></a> pañcannaṃ viññāṇadhātūnaṃ yathākkamaṃ purecarā, anucarāti ca vuttā. Sā panāyaṃ satipi viññāṇabhāve manaso sambhūya visiṭṭhamananakiccābhāvato dhātubhāvasāmaññena manomattā dhātu <span class="bld">manodhātū</span>ti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathāvutteneva ca hetunā matta-saddalopaṃ katvā viññāṇaṭṭhayogato manomattaṃ viññāṇanti manoviññāṇakāyasaṅgahopi cassā yujjati eva. Aññaviññāṇehi pana dvārārammaṇehi ca visesanatthaṃ ‘‘manodhātū’’ti vuttāti. <span class="bld">Manoviññāṇadhātū</span>ti pana viññāṇadhātuvisesanaṃ manogahaṇaṃ. Dhātuvisesanatthe ca manoviññāṇaggahaṇe viññāṇavisesanaṃ dvārabhūtamanodassanamevāti dvārasamaññārahattā na manodhātūti vuccati. Tañhi manodvārantogadhaṃ, na ca dassanādipurecarānucaranti manaso viññāṇadhātu, manaso viññāṇanti ca manodvārasamaññārahaṃ, savisesañca tassa mananakiccaṃ, viññāṇakiccañcāti mattasaddassa lopamantarena ‘‘manoviññāṇa’’nti, nijjīvabhāvavibhāvanatthaṃ ‘‘manoviññāṇadhātū’’ti ca vuccatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sallamiva sūlamiva</span> tividhadukkhatāsamāyogato <span class="bld">daṭṭhabbo. Vedanāsallasūlayogā</span>ti vedanāsaṅkhātasallasūlayogato. <span class="bld">Āturā viyā</span>ti tena āturibhūtā puggalā viya. Āsāyeva dukkhaṃ <span class="bld">āsādukkhaṃ,</span> āsāvighātaṃ dukkhaṃ vā. Saññā hi asubhādikampi subhādito sajjānantī āsaṃ, tassā ca vighātaṃ āsīsitasubhādiasiddhiyā janetīti. Vanamigo tiṇapurisaṃ purisoti gaṇhanto <span class="bld">ayathābhūccanimittaggāhako,</span> tathā saññāpīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vanamigo viyā’’</span>ti. Kammapadhānā saṅkhārāti <span class="bld">‘‘paṭisandhiyaṃ pakkhipanato’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Jātidukkhānubandhato</span>ti attanā nibbattiyamānena jātidukkhena anubandhatā. Bhavapaccayā jāti hi jātidukkhanti. Padumaṃ viya dissamānaṃ khuracakkaṃ viya rūpampi <a name="M2.0184"></a> itthiādibhāvena dissamānaṃ nānāvidhupaddavaṃ janeti. Sabbe anatthā rāgādayo, jātiādayo ca visayabhūtā, anupasantā, sappaṭibhayā cāti. Tappaṭipakkhabhūtattā <span class="bld">asaṅkhatā dhātu amatādito</span> daṭṭhabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vavatthānābhāvo</span> ‘‘idameva imassa ārammaṇa’’nti niyamābhāvo, tena yathā araññamakkaṭo kenaci anivārito gahitaṃ ekaṃ rukkhasākhaṃ muñcitvā aññaṃ gaṇhāti, tampi muñcitvā aññanti katthaci anavaṭṭhito paribbhamati, evaṃ gahitaṃ ekaṃ ārammaṇaṃ muñcitvā aññaṃ, tampi muñcitvā aññanti anavaṭṭhitatā, ārammaṇaṃ aggahetvā pavattituṃ asamatthatā ca makkaṭasamānatāti <a name="V2.0172"></a> dasseti. Aṭṭhivedhaviddhopi uppathaṃ anugaccchanto duṭṭhasso <span class="bld">assakhaḷuṅko. Yatthakāmanipātito</span>ti yattha katthaci icchitārammaṇe nipātibhāvato. Nānāvesadhārī <span class="bld">raṅganaṭo</span>.</p>
<p class="centered">Āyatanadātuniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti pannarasamaparicchedavaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="chapter">16. Indriyasaccaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">Indriyavitthārakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para525"></a><span class="paranum">525</span>. <span class="bld">Bāvīsatī</span>ti <a name="M2.0185"></a><a name="V2.0173"></a> gaṇanaparicchedo. <span class="bld">Indriyānī</span>ti paricchinnadhammanidassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Cakkhundriya</span>ntiādi tesaṃ sarūpadassanaṃ. Tattha cakkhudvāre indaṭṭhaṃ kāreti cakkhudvārabhāve taṃdvārikehi attano indabhāvaṃ paramissarabhāvaṃ kārayatīti <span class="bld">cakkhundriyaṃ</span>. Tañhi te rūpaggahaṇe attānaṃ anuvatteti, te ca taṃ anuvattanti. Sesesupi eseva nayo. Tasmā sotaghānajivhākāyadvāre indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti. <span class="bld">Kāyindriyaṃ</span>. Vijānanalakkhaṇe indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti <span class="bld">manindriyaṃ</span>. Itthibhāvalakkhaṇe, parisabhāvalakkhaṇe, anupālanalakkhaṇe, sukhalakkhaṇe, dukkhalakkhaṇe, somanassalakkhaṇe, domanassalakkhaṇe, upekkhālakkhaṇe, adhimokkhalakkhaṇe, paggahalakkhaṇe, upaṭṭhānalakkhaṇe, avikkhepalakkhaṇe, dassanalakkhaṇe, anaññātaṃ ñassāmīti pavatte jānanalakkhaṇe, ñātānaṃ eva dhammānaṃ puna ājānane aññātāvibhāve indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti <span class="bld">aññātāvindriyaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vijāniyā</span>ti vijāneyya. <span class="bld">Bhūmito cā</span>ti <span class="bld">ca</span>-saddo avuttasampipaṇḍanattho, tena tāvatvaṃ saṅgaṇhāti, taṃ pana tāvatvaṃ parato vaṇṇayissāma. Asammasanupagānampi atthibhāvato daṭṭhabbatā idha na gahitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pubbabhāge</span>ti ariyamaggato pubbabhāge. <span class="bld">Anaññāta</span>nti na aññātaṃ na adhigataṃ. Niccatāya natthi etassa mataṃ bhaṅgo, na vā etasmiṃ adhigate maraṇanti amataṃ, pajjitabbato padañcāti <span class="bld">amatapadaṃ</span> nibbānaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Evaṃ paṭipannassa uppajjanato’’</span>ti etena pubbabhāgavasenetaṃ indriyaṃ evaṃ voharīyatīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Ājānanato</span>ti paṭhamamaggena diṭṭhamariyādaṃ anatikkamitvāva jānanato. Yena taṃsamaṅgipuggalo, taṃsampayuttadhammā vā aññātāvino honti<a name="V2.0174"></a>, so aññātāvibhāvo pariniṭṭhitakiccajānanakhīṇāsavassa bhāvabhūto hutvā uppattito <span class="bld">‘‘khīṇāsavassa uppajjanato’’</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Liṅgeti gameti ñāpetīti liṅgaṃ, liṅgīyati vā etenāti liṅgaṃ. Kiṃ liṅgeti, kiṃ vā liṅgīyatīti? Indaṃ, indo vā. Indassa liṅga indaliṅgaṃ, indaliṅgassa attho taṃsabhāvo <span class="bld">indaliṅgaṭṭho,</span> indaliṅgameva vā indriyasaddassa <a name="M2.0186"></a> atthoti <span class="bld">indaliṅgaṭṭho</span>. Sajjitaṃ uppāditanti siṭṭhaṃ, indena siṭṭhaṃ <span class="bld">indasiṭṭhaṃ. Juṭṭhaṃ</span> sevitaṃ. Kammasaṅkhātassa indassa liṅgāni, tena ca siṭṭhānīti kammajāneva yojetabbāni, na aññāni, te ca dve atthā kamme eva yojetabbā, itare ca bhagavati evāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yathāyoga’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Tenā</span>ti bhagavato, kammassa ca indattā. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti etesu indriyesu. <span class="bld">Ulliṅgenti</span> ñāpenti pakāsenti phalasampattivipattīhi kāraṇasampattivipattiavabodhato. ‘‘So taṃ nimittaṃ āsevatī’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 9.35) gocarakaraṇampi āsevanā vuttāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kānici gocarāsevanāyā’’</span>ti. Tattha sabbesaṃ gocarikātabbattepi ‘‘kānicī’’ti vacanaṃ avipassitabbānaṃ bahulaṃ manasikaraṇena anāsevanīyattā. Paccavekkhanāmattameva hi tesu hotīti. ‘‘Tassa taṃ maggaṃ āsevato’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 4.170) bhāvanā āsevanāti vuttāti bhāvetabbāni saddhādīni sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘kānici bhāvanāsevanāyā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ādhipaccaṃ</span> indriyapaccayabhāvo. Asatipi ca indriyapaccayabhāve itthipurisindriyānaṃ, attano attano paccayavasena pavattamāne taṃsahitasantāne aññākārena appavattamānehi liṅgādīhi anuvattanīyabhāve ādhipaccaṃ. Imasmiṃ ca atthe indanti parimissariyaṃ karonticceva <span class="bld">indriyāni</span>. Cakkhādīsu dassitena nayena aññesañca jīvitādīnaṃ tadanuvattīsu ādhipaccaṃ yathārahaṃ yojetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Amohoyeva</span> na visuṃ cattāro dhammā, tasmā tassa saṅkhārakkhandhakathāyaṃ vibhāvitāni lakkhaṇādīni tesañca veditabbānīti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Sesāni tattha</span> khandhaniddese lakkhaṇādīhi <span class="bld">arūpeneva āgatāni</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para526"></a><span class="paranum">526</span>. Sattānaṃ ariyabhūmipaṭilābho bhagavato desanāya sādhāraṇaṃ, padānañca payojananti <a name="V2.0175"></a> āha <span class="bld">‘‘ajjhattadhamme pariññāyā’’</span>tiādi. Aññesampi indriyānaṃ attabhāvapariyāpannatāya satipi attabhāvapaññāpanāya mūlabhāvato cakkhādīnaṃ sātisayā attabhāvapariyāpannāti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘attabhāvapariyāpannāni cakkhundiyādīnī’’</span>ti (vibha. aṭṭha. 219).<span class="bld"> Abhidhammaṭṭhakathāyaṃ </span>itthipurisindriyānantaraṃ jīvitindriyadesanākkamo vuttoti <a name="M2.0187"></a> idhāpi <span class="bld">‘‘tato jīvitindriya’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. Taṃ indriyayamakadesanāya (yama. 3.indriyayamaka.1 ādayo) sameti. <span class="bld">Indriyavibhaṅge</span> (vibha. 219 ādayo) pana manindriyānantaraṃ jīvitindriyaṃ vuttaṃ, taṃ purimapacchimānaṃ ajjhāttikabāhirānaṃ anupālakabhāvadīpanatthaṃ tesa majjhe vuttanti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Yañca kiñci vedayitaṃ, sabbaṃ taṃ dukkhaṃ</span>. Yāva ca duvidhattabhāvānupālakassa jīvitindriyassa pavatti, tāva dukkhabhūtānaṃ etesaṃ vedayitānaṃ anivattīti ñāpanatthaṃ, tena ca cakkhādīnaṃ dukkhānubandhatāya pariññeyyataṃ ñāpeti. <span class="bld">Paṭipattidassanattha</span>nti pubbabhāgapaṭipattidassanatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Tassevā</span>ti anaññātaññassāmītindriyasseva. <span class="bld">Tato anantaraṃ bhāvetabbattā</span>ti bhāvanāmaggasampayuttaṃ aññindriyaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Dassanāntarā hi bhāvanāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhedo</span>ti idha sabhāvato bhedo adhippeto, na bhūmipuggalādivasenāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sesānaṃ abhedo’’</span>ti. Nanu ca jīvitindriyassa anupālanalakkhaṇaṃ sabhāvo, tenassa duvidhassāpi abhedoti? Saccametaṃ, tassa pana rūpārūpasabhāvakato bhedo gahito, na evaṃ sesānaṃ koci bhedo atthīti tesaṃ abhedoti bhedābhāvo vutto. Nanu cettha vedanā, paññā ca bhinditvā vuttāti? Na, yathā desitesu bāvīsatiyā indriyesu bhedābhedassa adhippetattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para527"></a><span class="paranum">527</span>. Cakkhundriyādīnaṃ satipi purejātādipaccayabhāve indriyapaccayabhāvena sādhetabbameva kiccaṃ <span class="bld">kicca</span>nti vuttaṃ tassa anaññasādhāraṇattā, indriyakathāya ca adhikatattā. Attano tikkhamandādiākāro attākāro, tassa anuvattāpanaṃ <span class="bld">attākārānuvattāpanaṃ</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tikkhamandādisaṅkhātaattākārānuvattāpana’’</span>nti. Atha vā tikkhamandādisaṅkhātassa ca attākārassa ca anuvattāpanaṃ <span class="bld">tikkha…pe… vattāpanaṃ</span>. Visuṃ attākāraggahaṇena cettha rūpāvabhāsanādikassa saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. Cakkhundriyassa hi rūpābhihananayogyatāsaṅkhāte rūpāvabhāsanasāmatthiye asati na kadācipi cakkhuviññāṇassa dassanakiccaṃ sambhavati. Esa nayo sotindriyādīsupi. Pubbaṅgamabhāvena manindriyassa <span class="bld">vasāvattāpanaṃ</span> hoti, na aññesaṃ. Taṃsampayuttānipi hi indriyāni tabbaseneva hutvā attano attano indriyakiccaṃ sādhenti cetasikabhāvato<a name="V2.0176"></a>, na tesaṃ vasena manindriyaṃ<a name="M2.0188"></a>. Ayañhissa pubbaṅgamatā. Sabbattha ca indriyapaccayabhāvena sādhetabbanti adhikāro anuvattatīti daṭṭhabbo. Satipi anuppādane, anupatthambhane ca tappaccayānaṃ tappavattane nimittabhāvo <span class="bld">anuvidhānaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Chādetvā pharitvā uppajjamānā sukhadukkhavedanā sahajātadhamme abhibhavitvā ajjottharitvā sayameva pākaṭā hoti, sahajātadhammā ca tassā vasena sukhadukkhabāvappatā viya hontīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yathāsakaṃ oḷārikākārānupāpana’’</span>nti. Asantassa, apaṇītassapi akusalatabbipākādisampayuttassa yathārahaṃ <span class="bld">majjhattākārānupāpanaṃ</span> yojetabbaṃ. Samānajātiyehi vā sukhadukkhehi <span class="bld">santapaṇītākārānupāpanaṃ</span> daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭipakkhābhibhavana</span>nti assaddhiyādipaṭipakkhābhibhavanaṃ. <span class="bld">Pasannākārādā</span>ti pasannapaggahitaupaṭṭhitasamāhitadassanākārānupāpanaṃ yathākkamaṃ saddhādīnaṃ. <span class="bld">Byāpādādī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena uddhambhāgiyasaṃyojanāni gahitāni. Maggasampayuttasseva ca aññindriyassa kiccaṃ dassitaṃ. Teneva ca phalasampayuttassa taṃtaṃsaṃyojanappaṭippassaddhipahānakiccatā dassitā hotīti. Katasabbakiccassa aññātāvindriyaṃ aññassa kātabbassa abhāvā amatābhimukhameva tabbhāvapaccayo ca hoti, na itarāni viya kiccantarapasutaṃ. Tenāha<span class="bld"> ‘‘amatābhimukhabhāvapaccayatā cā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para528"></a><span class="paranum">528</span>. <span class="bld">Bhūmito</span> vinicchayo uttānattho eva. Etthāha – kasmā pana ettakeneva indriyāni vuttāni, etāni eva ca vuttānīti? Ādhipaccaṭṭhavasena, <span class="bld">ādhipaccaṃ</span> nāma issariyanti vuttamevetaṃ. Tayidaṃ ādhipaccaṃ attano attano kicce, phale cāti aññesampi sabhāvadhammānaṃ kasmā na labbhati? Paccayādhīnavuttikā hi paccayuppannāti siyā phalahetudhammesu anuvattanānuvattanīyatāti? Saccametaṃ, tathāpi atthi tesaṃ viseso. Svāyaṃ ‘‘cakkhuviññāṇādippavattiyañhi cakkhādīnaṃ siddhamādhipacca’’ntiādinā (vibha. aṭṭha. 219) <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> dassitoyeva. Apica khandhapañcake yāyaṃ sattapaññatti, tassā visesanissayo ‘‘cha ajjhattikāni āyatanānī’’ti tāni tāva ādhipaccattaṃ upādāya ‘‘cakkhundriyaṃ…pe…manindriya’’ntiādito (vibha. 219) vuttāni. Svāyaṃ attabhāvo imesaṃ vasena ‘‘itthī puriso’’ti samaññaṃ labhatīti dassanatthaṃ <a name="M2.0189"></a> bhāvadvayaṃ. Tayime upādinnadhammā yena dhammena pavattanti, ayaṃ so dhammo tesaṃ ṭhitihetūti dassanatthaṃ jīvitindriyaṃ. Svāyaṃ sattasaññito dhammapuñjo pabandhavasena pavattamāno imāhi vedanāhi saṃkilissatīti <a name="V2.0177"></a> dassanatthaṃ vedanāpañcakaṃ. Tato visuddhikāmānaṃ vodānasambhāradassanatthaṃ saddhādipañcakaṃ. Sambhavavodānasambhārā imehi visujjanti, visuddhippattā niṭṭhitakiccāva hontīti dassanatthaṃ anaññātaññassāmītindriyādīni tīṇi vuttāni. Sabbattha ‘‘ādhipaccattaṃ upādāyā’’ti padaṃ yojetabbaṃ. Ettāvatā adhippetatthasiddhīti aññesaṃ aggahaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha vā pavattinivattīnaṃ nissarādidassanattampi etāniyeva vuttāni. Pavattiyā hi visesato mūlanissayabhūtāni cha ajjhattikāyatanāni. Yathāha ‘‘chasu loko samuppanno’’tiādi (su. ni. 171). Tassa uppatti itthipurisindriyehi visabhāgavatthusarāganimittehi yebhuyyena sattakāyassa abhinibbatti. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘tiṇṇaṃ kho, mahārāja, sannipātā gabbhassa avakkanti hoti mātā ca utunī hoti, gandhabbo ca paccupaṭṭhito hoti, mātāpitaro ca sannipatitā hontī’’tiādi (ma. ni. 1.408; mi. pa. 4.1.6). Avaṭṭhānaṃ jīvitindriyena tena anupāletabbato. Tenāha ‘‘āyu ṭhiti yapanā yāpanā’’tiādi (dha. sa. 19). Upabhogo vedanāhi. Vedanāvasena hi iṭṭhādisabbavisayūpabhogo. Yathāha ‘‘vedayati vedayatīti kho, bhikkhave, tasmā vedanāti vuccatī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.450). Evaṃ pavattiyā nissayasamuppādaṭṭhitisambhogadassanattaṃ cakkhundriyaṃ yāva upekkhindriyanti cuddasindriyāni desitāni. Yathā cetāni pavattiyā, evaṃ itarāni nivattiyā. Vivaṭṭasannissitena hi nibbattitāni saddhādīni pañcindriyāni nivattiyā nissayo. Uppādo anaññātaññassāmītindriyena tassa nivattivasena paṭhamaṃ uppajjanato. Avaṭṭhānaṃ aññindriyena, upabhogo aññātāvindriyena aggaphalasamupabhogato. Khīṇāsavāhi visavitāya nibbutisukhaṃ paribhujjanti. Evampi etāni eva indriyāni desitāni. Ettāvatā yathādhippetatthasiddhito aññesaṃ aggahaṇaṃ. Imināva nesaṃ desanākkamopi saṃvaṇṇitoti veditabboti.</p>
<p class="centered">Indriyaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Saccavitthārakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para529"></a><span class="paranum">529</span>. Ariyasaddena <a name="M2.0190"></a><a name="V2.0178"></a> visesanaṃ akatvā kevalaṃ saccasaddena uddhiṭṭhānipi ariyasaccāni evāti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘saccānīti cattāri ariyasaccānī’’</span>ti āda. Samāññajotanā hi visese avatiṭṭhati, visesatthinā ca viseso anupayujjitabboti. Ariyasaccesu vā vicāritesu itarānipi atthato vicāritāneva hontīti vipassanāya ca bhūmibhūtāni, ariyasaccānevāti ca katvā ‘‘saccānī’’ti uddharitvāpi <span class="bld">‘‘cattāri ariyasaccānī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sāsanakkamo</span>ti ariyasaccāni vuccanti, ariyasaccadesanā vā. Sakalañhi sāsanaṃ bhagavato vacanaṃ saccavinimuttaṃ natthi pavattinivattitadubhayahetusandassanavasena pavattanato. Tasmā saccesu kamati, sīlasamādhipañmāsaṅkhātaṃ vā sāsanaṃ etesu kamati, pariññādikiccasādhanavasena pavattati, tasmā kamati etthāti kamo, kiṃ kamati? Sāsanaṃ. Sāsanassa kamo <span class="bld">‘‘sāsanakkamo’’</span>ti saccāni sāsanappavattiṭṭhānāni vuccanti, taṃdesanā ca tabbohārenāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tathā</span>ti taṃsabhāvā dukkhādisabhāvā. <span class="bld">Avitathā</span>ti amusāsabhāvā bādhanādibhāvena bhūtasabhāvā. <span class="bld">Anaññathā</span>ti aññākārarahitā abādhanādiākāravivittā. Dukkhadukkhatātannimittatāhi adhiṭṭhitattā <span class="bld">pīḷanaṭṭho</span>. Samecca sambhūya paccayehi katabhāvo <span class="bld">saṅkhataṭṭho</span>. Dukkhadukkhatātannimittatāhi paridahanaṃ, kilesadāhasamāyogo vā <span class="bld">santāpaṭṭho</span>. Jarāya, maraṇena cāti dvedā vipariṇāmetabbatā <span class="bld">vipariṇāmaṭṭho</span>. Ettha ca pīḷanaṭṭho dukkhassa saraseneva āvibhavanākāro, itare yathākkamaṃ samudayamagganirodhadassanehi āvibhavanākārāti ayaṃ catunnampi viseso. Tatratrābhinandanavasena byāpitvā ūhanaṃ rāsikaraṇaṃ dukkhassa nibbattanaṃ <span class="bld">āyūhanaṃ</span> ākārassa byāpanatthattā. Āgacchati samudayatoti vā āyaṃ, dukkhaṃ, tassa ūhanaṃ pavattanaṃ <span class="bld">āyūhanaṃ,</span> ayaṃ saraseneva āvibhavanākāro. Nidadāti dukkhanti <span class="bld">nidānaṃ,</span> ‘‘idaṃ taṃ dukkha’’nti sampaṭicchāpentaṃ viya samuṭṭhāpetīti attho. Ayaṃ <span class="bld">nidānaṭṭho</span> dukkhadassanena āvibhavanākāro. Saṃsāradukkhena saṃyojanaṃ <span class="bld">saṃyogaṭṭho</span><a name="M2.0191"></a>. Maggādhigamananivāraṇaṃ <span class="bld">palibodhaṭṭho</span>. Ime ca saṃyogapalibodhaṭṭhā nirodhamaggadassanehi āvibhavanākārā. Nissaranti sattā ettha, sayameva vā nissaṭaṃ visaṃyuttaṃ sabbasaṅkhatehi sabbūpadhipaṭinissaggabhāvatoti <span class="bld">nissaranaṃ</span>. Ayamassa <a name="V2.0179"></a> sabhāvena āvibhavanākāro, itare vivekāsaṅkhātāmataṭṭā, samudayakkharaapaccayaavināsitā vā samudayamaggadukkhadassanena āvibhavanākārā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Saṃsārato niggamanaṃ <span class="bld">niyyānaṃ</span>. Ayamassa sarasena āvibhavanākāro. Paribodhūpacchedanena nibbānādhigamova nibbānanimittattā maggassa <span class="bld">hetuṭṭho</span>. Paññāpadhānattā cassa nibbānadassanaṃ, catusaccadassanaṃ vā <span class="bld">dassanaṭṭho</span>. Catusaccadassane, kilesadukkhasantāpavūpasamane ca ādhipaccaṃ karonti maggadhammā sampayuttadhammesūti so maggassa <span class="bld">ādhipateyyaṭṭho</span>. Visesato vā ālambanādhipatibhūtā maggadhammā honti ‘‘maggādhipatino’’ti (dha. sa. tikamātikā 16) vacanatoti so tesaṃ ākāro <span class="bld">ādhipateyyaṭṭho</span>. Ete hetudassanādhipateyyaṭṭhā samudayanirodhadukkhadassanehi āvibhavanākārā. Evamādi āhāti sambandho. <span class="bld">Abhisamayaṭṭho</span>ti abhisametabbaṭṭho. Abhisamayassa vā visayabhūto attho abhisamayaṭṭho. Atha vā abhisamayassa pavattiākāro <span class="bld">abhisamayaṭṭho</span>. So cettha abhisametabbena pīḷanādinā dassitoti daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para530"></a><span class="paranum">530</span>. Kucchitaṃ khaṃ <span class="bld">dukkhaṃ,</span> gārayhaṃ hutvā asāranti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Samāgamo sameta’’</span>ntiādīsu kevalassa <span class="bld">āgama</span>saddassa, <span class="bld">eta</span>-saddassa ca payoge saṃyogatthassa anupalabbhanato, <span class="bld">saṃ</span>-saddassa ca saṃyoge upalabbhanato <span class="bld">‘‘saṃyogaṃ dīpetī’’</span>ti āha anvayato, byatirekato ca tadatthajotakatāsiddhito. <span class="bld">Uppannaṃ udita</span>nti etthāpi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Aya</span>-saddo gatiatthe siddho hetusaddoviya kāraṇaṃ dīpeti. Attano phalanipphādanena ayati pavattati, eti vā etasmā phalanti <span class="bld">ayo</span>ti, <span class="bld">saṃyoge uppattikāraṇaṃ samudayo</span>ti. Ettha visuṃ payujjamānāpi upasaggasaddā sadhātukaṃ saṃyogatthaṃ, uppādatthañca dīpenti, kiriyāvisesakattāti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Abhāvo</span> <a name="M2.0192"></a> <span class="bld">ettha rodhassāti nirodho’’</span>ti etena nibbānassa dukkhavivittabhāvaṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Samadhigate</span> tasmiṃ tadadhigamato puggalassa rodhābhāvo pavattisaṅkhātassa rodhassa paṭipakkhabhūtāya nivattiyā adhigatattāti. Etasmiñca atthe abhāvo etasmiṃ rodhassāti <span class="bld">nirodho</span> icceva padasamāso. Dukkhābhāvo panettha puggalassa, na nibbānasseva. Anuppādo eva nirodho <span class="bld">anuppādanirodho</span>. Āyatiṃ bhavādīsu appavatti, na pana bhaṅgoti bhaṅgavācakaṃ nirodhasaddaṃ nivattetvā <a name="V2.0180"></a> anuppādavācakaṃ gaṇhāti. Etasmiṃ atthe kāraṇe phalūpacāraṃ katvā nirodhapaccayo nirodhoti vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭipadā ca hoti</span> puggalassa dukkhanirodappattiyā. Nanu ca sā eva dukkhanirodappattīti tassā eva sā paṭipadāti na yujjatīti? Na puggalādhigamassa pattibhāvena, yehi so adhigacchati, tesaṃ kāraṇabhūtānaṃ paṭipadābhāvena ca vuttattā. Sacchi kiriyāsacchikaraṇadhammānañhi aññatthābhāvepi puggalasacchikiriyādhammabhāvehi nānattaṃ katvā niddeso katoti. Atha vā yaṃ dukkhanirodhappattiyā niṭṭhānaṃ phalaṃ, sayañca dukkhanirodhappattibhūtaṃ, tassa abhisamayabhūtāya dukkhanirodhappattiyā paṭipadatā daṭṭhabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para531"></a><span class="paranum">531</span>. <span class="bld">Buddhādayo ariyā paṭivijjhantī</span>ti ettha paṭividdhakāle pavattaṃ buddhādivohāraṃ ‘‘agamā rājagahaṃ buddho’’tiādīsu (su. ni. 410) viya bhāvini bhūte viya upacāroti purimakālepi āropetvā ‘‘buddhādayo’’ti vuttaṃ. Te hi buddhādayo catūhi maggehi paṭivijjhantīti. <span class="bld">Tasmā ariyasaccānīti vuccantī</span>ti ettha ariyapaṭivijjhitabbāni saccāni ariyasaccānīti purimapade uttarapadalopo ariyasaccānīti vuccantīti attho. Tathāgatena hi sayaṃ adhigatattā, paveditattā, tato eva ca aññehi adhigamanīrattā tāni tassa hontīti. <span class="bld">Ariyabhāvasiddhitopī</span>ti ettha ariyasādhakāni saccāni ariyasaccānīti pubbe viya uttarapadalopo daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Ariyāni saccānītipī</span>ti ettha avitathabhāvena araṇīyattā adhigantabbattā ariyāni, ariyasamaññā vā avisaṃvādake avitathe niruḷhā daṭṭhabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para532"></a><span class="paranum">532</span>. <span class="bld">Bādhanalakkhaṇa</span>nti <a name="M2.0193"></a> ettha dukkhadukkhatannimittabhāvo, udayavayapaṭipīḷitabhāvo vā bādhanaṃ. Bhavādīsu jātiādivasena, cakkhurogādivasena ca anekadā dukkhassa pavattanameva puggalassa santāpanaṃ, tadassa kiccaṃ rasoti <span class="bld">santāpanarasaṃ</span>. Pavattinivattīsu saṃsāravimokkhesu pavatti hutvā gayhatīti <span class="bld">pavattipaccupaṭṭhānaṃ</span>. Pabhavati etasmā dukkhaṃ nibbattati, purimabhavena pacchimabhavo ghaṭito saṃyutto hutvā pavattatīti <span class="bld">pabhāvo</span>. ‘‘Evampi taṇhānusaye anūhate, nibbattati dukkhamidaṃ punappuna’’nti (dha. pa. 338; netti. 30) evaṃ punappunaṃ uppādanaṃ <span class="bld">anupacchedakaraṇaṃ</span>. Bhavanissaraṇanivāraṇaṃ <span class="bld">palibodho</span>. Taṇhakkhayādibhāvena sabbadukkhasantatā <span class="bld">santi. Accutirasa</span>nti accutisampattikaṃ acavanakiccaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Kicca</span>nti ca cavanābhāvaṃ <a name="V2.0181"></a> kiccamiva katvā pariyāyena vuttaṃ, acavanañcassa sabhāvāpariccajanaṃ avikāritā daṭṭhabbā. Pañcakkhandhanimittasuññatāya aviggahaṃ hutvā gayhatīti <span class="bld">animittapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ</span>. Anusayasamucchindanena saṃsāracārakato niggamanūpāyabhāvo <span class="bld">niyyānaṃ</span>. Sabbakilesānaṃ anuppādanirodhanaṃ <span class="bld">kilesappahānakaraṇaṃ</span>. Nimittato, pavattato ca cittassa vuṭṭhānaṃ hutvā gayhatīti <span class="bld">vuṭṭhānapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para533"></a><span class="paranum">533</span>. Asuvaṇṇādi suvaṇṇādi viya dissamānaṃ <span class="bld">māyā</span>ti vatthusabbhāvā tassā viparītatā vuttā. Udakaṃ viya dissamānā pana <span class="bld">marīci</span> upagatānaṃ tucchā. Vatthumattampi tassā na dissatīti <span class="bld">visaṃvādikā</span> vuttā. Marīcimāyāattavidhuro bhāvo <span class="bld">tacchāviparītabhūtabhāvo. Ariyañāṇassā</span>ti ariyassa avitathaggāhakassa ñāṇassa, tena paṭivedhañāṇaṃ viya paccavekkhaṇañāṇampi gahitaṃ hoti. Tesaṃ gocarabhāvo paṭivijjitabbatā, ārammaṇabhāvo ca daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Aggilakkhaṇaṃ</span> uṇhattaṃ. Tañhi katthaci kaṭṭhādiupādānabhede visaṃvādakaṃ, viparītaṃ, abhūtaṃ vākadācipi na hoti. ‘‘Jātidhammā jarādhammā, atho maraṇadhammino’’ti (a. ni. 3.39; 5.57) evaṃ vuttā jātiādikā <span class="bld">lokapakati</span>. Ekaccānaṃ tiracchānānaṃ tiriyaṃ dīghatā, manussādīnaṃ uddhaṃ dīghatā, vuddhiniṭṭhaṃ pattānaṃ puna avaḍḍhananti evamādikā ca <span class="bld">lokapakatī</span>ti vadanti. Tacchāviparītabhūtabhāvesu pacchimo <span class="bld">tathatā</span>. Paṭhamo <span class="bld">avitathatā,</span> majjhimo <span class="bld">anaññatatā</span>ti ayametesaṃ viseso,</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dukkhā</span> <a name="M2.0194"></a> <span class="bld">aññaṃ na bādhaka</span> nti kasmā vuttaṃ, nanu taṇhāpi jāti viya dukkhanimittatāya bādhikāti? Na, bādhakappabhavabhāvena visuṃ gahitattā. Evamhi pavatti, pavattihetu ca asaṅkarato bodhitā honti. Atha vā jātiādīnaṃ viya dukkhassa adhiṭṭhānabhāvo, dukkhadukkhatā ca bādhakatā, na dukkhappabhavatāti natthi taṇhāya pabhavabhāvena visuṃ gahitāya bādhakabhāvapasaṅgo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘dukkhā aññaṃ na bādhaka’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Bādhakattaniyāmenā</span>ti dukkhaṃ bādhakameva, dukkhameva bādhakanti evaṃ dvidhāpi bādhakattāvadhāranenāti attho. <span class="bld">Bādhakattaniyāmenā</span>ti hi bādhakassa, bādhakatte ca niyāmena. Yatā bādhakattassa dukkhe niyatatā, evaṃ dukkhassa ca bādhakatte niyatatāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Taṃ vinā nāññato</span>ti satipi avasesakilesaavasesākusalasāsavakusalamūlāvasesasāsavakusaladhammānaṃ <a name="V2.0182"></a> dukkhahetubhāve na taṇhāya vinā tesaṃ dukkhahetubhāvo atthi, tehi pana vināpi taṇhāya dukkhahetubhāvo atthi kusalehi vinā akusalehi rūpāvacarādikusalehi vinā kāmāvacarādīhi ca taṇhāya dukkhanibbattakattā. Santabhāvassa, santabhāve vā niyāmo santabhāvaniyāmo, tena <span class="bld">santabhāvaniyāmena. Tacchaniyyānabhāvattā</span>ti dvidhāpi niyāmena taccho niyyānabhāvo etassa, na micchāmaggassa viya viparītatāya, na lokiyamaggassa viya vā anekantikatāya atacchoti tacchaniyyānabhāvo, maggo, tassa bhāvo tacchaniyyānabhāvattaṃ, tasmā tacchaniyyānabhāvattā. Sabbattha dvidhāpi niyāmena tacchāviparītabhūtabhāvo vuttoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘iti tacchāvipallāsā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para534"></a><span class="paranum">534</span>. Saccasaddassa sambhavantānaṃ atthānaṃ uddharaṇaṃ, sambhavante vā atthe vatvā adhippetassa atthassa uddharaṇaṃ niddhāraṇaṃ <span class="bld">atthudvāro. Viratisacce</span>ti musāvādaviratiyaṃ. Na hi aññaviratīsu saccasaddo niruḷho. Ye pana ‘‘viratisaccaṃ samādānaviratī’’ti vadanti, tesampi na samādānamattaṃ viratisaccaṃ, atha kho samādānāvisaṃvādanaṃ. Taṃ pana paṭiññāsaccaṃ musāvādaviratiyeva hoti. ‘‘Idameva saccaṃ, moghamañña’’nti (ma. ni. 2.187, 202-203, 427; 3.27-29) pavattā diṭṭhi ‘‘sacca’’nti abhinivisanavuttiyā <span class="bld">diṭṭhisaccaṃ</span>. Amosadhammattā nibbānaṃ <span class="bld">paramatthasaccaṃ</span>. ‘‘Amosadhammaṃ nibbānaṃ, tadariyā saccato vidū’’ti (su. ni. 763) hi vuttaṃ, tassa pana taṃsampāpakassa <a name="M2.0195"></a> ca maggassa pajānanā paṭivedho avivādakāraṇanti dvayampi ‘‘ekaṃ hi saccaṃ na dutiyamatthi, yasmiṃ pajā no vivade pajāna’’nti imissā (su. ni. 890; mahāni. 119) gāthāya ‘‘sacca’’nti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para535"></a><span class="paranum">535</span>. ‘‘Netaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccanti āgaccheyya, netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjatī’’ti etena jātiādīnaṃ dukkhaariyasaccabhāve aviparītataṃ dasseti ekanteneva bādhakabhāvato. ‘‘Aññaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccanti āgaccheyya, netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjatī’’ti iminā dukkhaariyasaccabhāvassa jātiādīsu niyatataṃ dasseti anaññatthabhāvato. Sacepi kathañci koci evaṃcitto āgaccheyya, paññāpane pana sahadhammena ñāpane attano vādassa patiṭṭhāpane samattho natthīti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ahametaṃ…pe… paññapessāmīti āgaccheyya, netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjatī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Jātiādīnaṃ anaññathatā aññassa ca tatābhūtassa abhāvoyevettha ṭhānābhāvo. Sacepi koci āgaccheyya āgacchatu, ṭhānaṃ pana natthīti ayamettha suttattho. Esa nayo dutiyasuttepi. Tattha pana <a name="V2.0183"></a> attabhāvapaṭilābheneva sattānaṃ jātiādīnaṃ patti, sammukhībhāvo ca hotīti sampattattā, paccakkhatā ca paṭhamatā, yato taṃ bhagavatā paṭhamaṃ desitaṃ, tannimittatā dutiyatā, tadupasamatā tatiyatā, taṃsampāpakatā catutthatāti daṭṭhabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Etaparamato’’</span>ti etena catūhi ariyasaccehi pavattiādīnaṃ anavasesapariyādānamāha. Nibbutikāmena parijānanādīhi aññaṃ kiñci kiccaṃ kātabbaṃ natti, dhammañāṇakiccaṃ vā ito aññaṃ natthi, pariññeyyādīni ca etaparamānevāti cattāriyeva vuttāni. Taṇhāya ādīnavadassāvīnaṃ vasena taṇhāvatthuādīnaṃ etaparamatāyāti vuttaṃ. Tathā ālaye pañcakāmaguṇasaṅkhāte, sakalavatthukāmasaṅkhāte, bhavattayasaṅkhāte vā dukkhe dosadassāvīnaṃ vasena ālayādīnaṃ eteparamatāyāti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para536"></a><span class="paranum">536</span>. <span class="bld">‘‘Oḷārikattā’’</span>ti idaṃ jātiādīnaṃ dukkhabhāvassa pacurajanapākaṭatāmattaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ, na ariyena ñāṇena paṭivijjhitabbākāraṃ. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti dukkhaṃ. <span class="bld">Akata</span>nti anibbattitaṃ, anipphāditakāraṇanti adhippāyo. Kāraṇe hi siddhe phalaṃ siddhameva hoti. <span class="bld">‘‘Neva akataṃ āgacchatī’’</span>ti ca iminā ahetuvādaṃ <a name="M2.0196"></a> paṭikkhipati. <span class="bld">‘‘Na issaranimmānādito’’</span>ti etena pajāpatipurisapakatikālādivāde paṭikkhipati. Yaṃ panettha vattabbaṃ, taṃ parato āvi bhavissati. <span class="bld">‘‘Sahetukena dukkhenā’’</span>ti etena dukkhadassanena janitassa saṃvegassa saṃvaḍḍhanamāha. Dukkhassa hi sahetukabhāvasavasena balavasaṃvego jāyati yāvāyaṃ hetu, tāva idaṃ dukkhaṃ avicchedena pavattatīti. <span class="bld">Assāsajananatthaṃ nirodha</span>nti saṃvegajātassa assāsaṃ janetuṃ nirodhasaccamāha. Nibbinnasaṃsāradukkhassa hi nirodhakathā vuccamānā ativiya ativiya assāsaṃ sañjaneti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para537"></a><span class="paranum">537</span>. Ye te jātiādayo dhammā bhagavatā vuttāti sambandho. Kasmā panettha byādhi na gahitoti? Anekantabhāvato. Tathā hi so kadāci, kesañci ca natthi. Yathāha ‘‘tayo rogā pure āsuṃ, icchā anasanaṃ jarā’’ti (su. ni. 313). Bākulatterādīnaṃ so nāhosiyeva, dukkhaggahaṇena vā byādhi ettha hitovāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Paramatthato hi dhātukkhobhapaccayaṃ kāyikaṃ dukkhaṃ byādhīti. Upādānakkhandhapañcakaṃ ekaṃ koṭṭhāsaṃ katvā <span class="bld">‘‘dvādasa dhammā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Kāmataṇhābhāvasāmaññena ekajjhaṃ katvā ‘‘dukkhasamudayo ariyasacca’’nti <a name="V2.0184"></a> aññe antogadhabhede anāmasitvā ekarūpena gahitāpi taṇhā sassatadiṭṭhisahagatā, ucchedadiṭṭhisahagatā, diṭṭhivirahitā kevalaṃ kāmassādabhūtā cāti tidhāva bhinditvā vuttā. <span class="bld">‘‘Ayameva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo’’</span>ti maggasaccabhāvena ekajjhaṃ katvā vuttāpi sabhāvato bhinnā eva te dhammāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘aṭṭha dhammā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="centered">Saccaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="title">Dukkhaniddesakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">Jātiniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhave</span>ti ādānanikkhepaparicchinno dhammappabandho bhavo, tasmiṃ bhave. So hi jāyati ettha yonigatiādivibhāgoti jātīti vuccati, jāyanti ettha sattā samānanvayāti <span class="bld">jāti,</span> nikāyo. <span class="bld">Saṅkhatalakkhaṇe</span>ti yattha katthaci uppāde. So hi jananaṭṭhena jāti. <span class="bld">Paṭisandhiya</span>nti paṭisandhicittakkhaṇe<a name="M2.0197"></a>. <span class="bld">Sampātijāto</span>ti ettha jātisaddena labbhamānaṃ mātukucchito nikkhamanasaṅkhātaṃ jāyanatthaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘pasūtiya’’</span>nti, abhijātiyanti attho. Jāyati etāya khattiyādisamaññāti <span class="bld">jāti,</span> kulaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para538"></a><span class="paranum">538</span>. Sayanti etthāti seyyā, mātukucchisaṅkhāto gabbho seyyā etesanti <span class="bld">gabbhaseyyakā,</span> aṇḍajā, jalābujā ca. <span class="bld">Itaresa</span>nti saṃsedajānaṃ, opapātikānañca. <span class="bld">Ayampi cā</span>ti ‘‘paṭisandhikhandhesvevā’’ti anantaraṃ vuttakathāpi, pageva ‘‘paṭisandhito paṭṭhāyā’’ti vuttakathāyaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tesaṃ tesaṃ paṭhamapātubhāvo jātī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ummujjanavasena gayhatīti <span class="bld">ummujjanapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ</span>. Vakkhamānavibhāgaṃ dukkhavicittataṃ paccupaṭṭhapetīti <span class="bld">dukkhavicittatāpaccupaṭṭhānā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para539"></a><span class="paranum">539</span>. <span class="bld">‘‘Kasmā panā’’</span>ti vadato codakassāyamadhippāyo – ekantadukkhe niraye tāva jātidukkhā hotu, aññāsupi vā duggatīsu pāpakammasamuṭṭhānato sukhasaṃvattaniyakammasamuṭṭhānāsu <a name="V2.0185"></a> pana sugatīsu kathanti. Itaro ‘‘nāyaṃ jāti sabhāvadukkhavasena dukkhāti vuttā, na hi kāci paṭisandhi dukkhavedanāsampayuttā atthi, atha kho dukkhassa adhiṭṭhānabhāvato’’ti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘anekesaṃ dukkhānaṃ vatthubhāvato’’</span>tiādimāha. Adukkhasabhāvampi pariyāyato dukkhanti vuccatīti dukkhasabhāvaṃ dukkhasaddena visesetvā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘dukkhadukkha’’</span>nti yathā rūparūpanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dukkhuppattihetuto</span>ti ‘‘ahu vata me, taṃ vata nāhosī’’ti cetasikadukkhuppattihetuto.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Yadaniccaṃ, taṃ dukkha’’nti (saṃ. ni. 3.15, 45, 76, 77, 85; 2.4.1, 4) vacanato tebhūmakā saṅkhārā saṅkhāradukkhaṃ, tattha kāraṇamāha <span class="bld">‘‘udayabbayappaṭipāḷitattā’’</span>ti. Yañhi abhiṇhaṃ paṭipīḷitaṃ, taṃ dukkhamanatāya dukkhanti, vipassanācārassa adhippetattā tebhūmakaggahaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dukkhadukkha</span>nti dukkhadomassupāyāse vadati. ‘‘Jātipi dukkhā’’tiādinā (vibha. 190) <span class="bld">dukkhasaccavibhaṅge</span> āgataṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhagavatāpī</span>ti <a name="M2.0198"></a> anāvaraṇañāṇavatā accariyāparimeyyadesanākosallavatā bhagavatāpi. <span class="bld">Upamāvasena</span>ti aṅgārakāsūpamādiupamāvasena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para540"></a><span class="paranum">540</span>. <span class="bld">Puṇḍarīkādīsū</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena na maṇikanakarajatapavāḷādiratanasanniccaye, nāpi aṇḍajameṇḍajavāyajātike subhamanuññasayanatale, nāpi ratanamayakuṭṭimamanohare pāsādatale, nāpi sittasammaṭṭhakusumopahāravati pāsādūpacāre, nāpi muttājālasadisavālikāvikiṇṇe viviṭaṅgaṇe, nāpi haritakambalasadisamudusaddalasamotale bhūmibhāgeti evamādīnaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Paramasambādhe</span>ti ativiya sambādhe. <span class="bld">Tibbandhakāre</span>ti bahalandhakāre. Pittasemhapubbaruhiragūthodariyādi <span class="bld">nānākuṇapasambādhe</span>. Mātā yadi vīsativassā, atha tiṃsa, cattālīsādivassā, tattakaṃ kālaṃ adhotavaccakūpasadisatāya <span class="bld">adhimattajegucche. Pūtimacchā</span> di sabbaṃ na sadisūpammaṃ tassa vātādivasena ekaccaduggandhāpagamasabbhāvato. <span class="bld">Dasa māse</span>ti accantasaṃyoge upayogavacanaṃ, yebhuyyavasena vuttaṃ tato bhiyyopi ekaccānaṃ tatthāvaṭṭhānasambhavato<a name="V2.0186"></a>. Attano adhomukhaṃ ṭhapitasaṅacitahatthadvayassa ukkuṭikasseva nisīdato <span class="bld">samijjanappasāraṇādirahito</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Abhimukhaṃ kaḍḍhanaṃ <span class="bld">ākaḍḍhanaṃ</span>. Parito samantato kaḍḍhanaṃ <span class="bld">parikaḍḍhanaṃ</span>. Heṭṭhā dhunanaṃ <span class="bld">odhūnanaṃ</span>. Nidhāya nidhāya dhūnanaṃ <span class="bld">niddhūnanaṃ</span>. Ākaḍḍhanādisadisañcettha <span class="bld">‘‘ākaḍḍhanādī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Taruṇavaṇasadisaṃ ativiya sukhumālaṃ gabbhagataṃ sarīraṃ sītādiappakampi na sahatīti sītanarakūpapannatādi nidassitaṃ. Tañhi tassa ativiya sītaṃ, ativiya uṇhañca hutvā upatiṭṭhati. Sarīraṃ vāsiyādīhi tacchetvā khārāvasecanakaraṇaṃ <span class="bld">khārāpaṭicchakaṃ. Dukkhuppattiṭṭhāne</span>ti gabbhāsayasaññitaṃ tatiyaṃ āvaṭṭaṃ sandhāyāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Parivattetvā</span>ti uddhaṃpādaadhosīsabhāvena parivattetvā. <span class="bld">Idaṃ vijāyanamūlakaṃ dukkhaṃ,</span> yena maraṇadukkhena ca aṭṭitā vedanāppattā sattā katipayamāsamattātikkantampi pavattiṃ vissaranti, mahandhakāraṃ mahāviduggaṃ pakkhandhā viya honti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vadhentassā</span>ti <a name="M2.0199"></a> socanaparidevanasīsapaṭihananādinā bādhentassa. Khuppipāsā hi ātapāvaṭṭhānādinā ca <span class="bld">ātāpanaṃ</span>. Pañcaggitāpanādinā <span class="bld">paritāpanaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Imassā</span>ti yathāvuttassa sattavidhassa. <span class="bld">Sabbassāpī</span>ti gabbhakālādīsu tāpanamaddanādinirayaggidāhādisañjanitassa sakalassāpi. <span class="bld">Vatthumeva hoti</span> tadabhāve abhāvato. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘jāyetha no ce’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para541"></a><span class="paranum">541</span>. <span class="bld">Vicitta</span>nti vividhaṃ, acchariyaṃ vā.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti jātiniddesavaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Jarāniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para542"></a><span class="paranum">542</span>. <span class="bld">Saṅkhātalakkhaṇa</span>nti <a name="V2.0187"></a> ‘‘ṭhitassa aññathatta’’nti (saṃ. ni. 3.38; a. ni. 3.47; kathā. 214) vuttaṃ khaṇikajaraṃ sandhāyāha. <span class="bld">Khaṇḍiccādisammato</span>ti khaṇḍiccapāliccavalittacatādinā samaññato. <span class="bld">Sā</span>ti khandhapurāṇabhāvasaññitā pākaṭajarā. <span class="bld">Khandhaparipāko</span> ekabhavapariyāpannānaṃ khandhānaṃ purāṇabhāvo.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti jarāniddesavaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Maraṇaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para543"></a><span class="paranum">543</span>. <span class="bld">Saṅkhatalakkhaṇa</span>nti saṅkhārānaṃ vayasaññitaṃ khaṇikamaraṇamāha. <span class="bld">Yaṃ sandhāyā</span>ti yaṃ khaṇikamaraṇaṃ sandhāya, ‘‘jīrāmaraṇaṃ dvīhi khandhehi saṅgahita’’nti (dhātu. 71) ettha ‘‘maraṇa’’nti vuttanti attho. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti jīvitindriyupaccedasaññitaṃ pākaṭamaraṇaṃ. ‘‘Cavana’’nti lakkhitabbatāya <span class="bld">cutilakkhaṇaṃ. Viyogarasa</span>nti yathādhigatehi sattasaṅkhārehi viyojanarasaṃ. Yathūpapannāya gatiyā vippavāsavasena gayhatīti <span class="bld">gativippavāsapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pāpassā</span>ti pāpayogena pāpassa, upacitapāpakammassāti attho. <span class="bld">Pāpakammādinimitta</span>nti pāpakammakammanimittagatinimittasaṅkhātaṃ maraṇakāle upaṭṭhitaṃ <a name="M2.0200"></a> akusalavipākārammaṇaṃ. Tamhi passantasseva kassaci anubhavantassa viya mahādukkhaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Bhaddassā</span>ti bhaddakammassa, katakusalassāti attho. Tassa pana kāmaṃ iṭṭhameva ārammaṇaṃ upaṭṭhāti, piyavippayogavatthukaṃ pana mahantaṃ dukkhaṃ ārammaṇaṃ upaṭṭhāti, piyavippayogavatthukaṃ pana mahantaṃ dukkhaṃ uppajjatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘asahantassa viyogaṃ piyavatthuka’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Avisesato</span>ti pāpassa, bhaddassa ca sāmaññato. ‘‘Avisesato’’ti vatvāpi ‘‘sabbesa’’nti vacanaṃ taṃ idaṃ dukkhaṃ parimadditasaṅkhārānaṃ ekaccānaṃ khīṇāsavānampi hotiyevāti dassanatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Vitujjamānamammāna</span>nti sandhibandhanāvacchedakavāyunā vijjhiyamānamammaṭṭhānānaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti maraṇaniddesavaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Sokaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para544"></a><span class="paranum">544</span>. <span class="bld">So</span>ti <a name="V2.0188"></a> soko. <span class="bld">Atthato domanassameva hoti</span> cetasikantarābhāvato. Domanassaviseso pana hoti visayavisese pavattiākāravisesasabbhāvatoti taṃ visesaṃ lakkhaṇādito dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ santepī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Anto nijjhānaṃ</span> cittasantāpo. <span class="bld">Parijjhāpanaṃ</span> rāgadosapariḷāhavisiṭṭhaṃ dahanaṃ. Katākatakusalākusalavisayaṃ vippaṭisārākārena pavattaṃ anusocanaṃ <span class="bld">kukkuccaṃ,</span> ñātibyasanādivisayaṃ kevalaṃ cittasanthāpabhūtaṃ anusocanaṃ <span class="bld">soko</span>ti anusocanapaccupaṭṭhānattepi ayametesaṃ viseso.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Visapītaṃ sallaṃ <span class="bld">visasallaṃ</span>. Sokavasena atisārādi byādhipi hoti, sokabahulassa sarīraṃ na cirasseva jīrati, balavasokābhibhūto maraṇampi pāpuṇātīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘samāvahati ca byādhijarāmaraṇabhedana’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti sokaniddesavaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Paridevaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para545"></a><span class="paranum">545</span>. <span class="bld">Vacīpalāpo</span>ti vācāvippalāpo, so atthato saddo eva. <span class="bld">Bhiyyo</span>ti sokadukkhato upari. Sokasamuṭṭhāno hi <span class="bld">paridevo</span>.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti paridevaniddesavaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Dukkhaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para546"></a><span class="paranum">546</span>. Jātiādīnampi <a name="M2.0201"></a> yathārahaṃ dukkhavatthudukkhadukkhatāhi satipi dukkhabhāve kāyassa pīḷanavasena idaṃ savisesaṃ dukkhamanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘dukkhanti visesato vutta’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti dukkhaniddesavaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Domanassaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para547"></a><span class="paranum">547</span>. <span class="bld">Manovighātarasa</span>nti <a name="V2.0189"></a> byāpādasampayogavasena manaso vihaññanakiccaṃ. <span class="bld">Cetodukkhasamappitā</span>ti cetasikadukkhasamaṅgino. <span class="bld">Āvaṭṭantī</span>ti āmukhaṃ vaṭṭanti, yaṃdisābhimukhaṃ patitā, taṃdisābhimukhā eva vaṭṭanti. <span class="bld">Vivaṭṭantī</span>ti viparivattanavasena vaṭṭanti. <span class="bld">Uddhaṃpādaṃ papatantī</span>ti uddhaṃmukhapādā hutvā patanti. <span class="bld">Satthaṃ āharantī</span>ti attano sarīrassa vijjhanabhedanavasena satthaṃ upanenti.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti domanassaniddesavaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Upāyāsaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para548"></a><span class="paranum">548</span>. <span class="bld">Dosoyevā</span>ti kāyacittānaṃ āyāsanavasena dosasseva pavattiākāroti attho, yato bhuso āyāsoti upāyāsoti vuccati yathā bhusamādānaṃ upādānanti. <span class="bld">Eko dhammo</span>ti cuddasahi akusalacetasikehi añño eko cetasikadhammo, yaṃ ‘‘visādo’’ti ca vadanti. Nitthunanavasena sampajjanato <span class="bld">nitthunanaraso,</span> kāye vā nitthunanakaraṇakicco. ‘‘Saṅkhāradukkhabhāvato’’ti vatvā so panettha sātisayoti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘cittaparidahanato, kāyavisādanato cā’’</span>ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ete ca sokaparidevupāyāsā viññattiyā vinā, saha ca yathāpaccayaṃ domanassacittuppādassa pavattiākāravisesoti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ettha cā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">pāko viyā</span>ti rajanādino pacitabbavatthuno pāko viya.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti upāyāsaniddesavaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Appiyasampayoganiddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para549"></a><span class="paranum">549</span>. <span class="bld">Samodhānaṃ</span> <a name="M2.0202"></a><a name="V2.0190"></a> samāgamo. Kāyikadukkhacittavighātādianatthānaṃ atthibhāvassa paccupaṭṭhāno <span class="bld">anatthabhāvapaccupaṭṭhāno</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tesaṃ appiyānaṃ kāyikavācasikapayogasaṅkhāto upakkamo tadupakkamo, tato sambhūto <span class="bld">tadupakkamasambhūto</span>.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti appiyasampayoganiddesavaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Piyavippayoganiddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para550"></a><span class="paranum">550</span>. Upaddavabhāvena paccupatiṭṭhatīti <span class="bld">byasanapaccupaṭṭhāno</span>.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti piyavippayoganiddesavaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Icchitālābhaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para551"></a><span class="paranum">551</span>. Icchitālābho nāma yassa kassaci attanā icchitassa vatthuno alābho. ‘‘Yampicchaṃ na labhatī’’ti hi vuttaṃ. Matthakappattaṃ pana icchitālābhaṃ dassetuṃ pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘jātidhammānaṃ sattāna’’ntiādinā niddiṭṭhanti tameva dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘aho vatā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Icchāvā</span>ti ettha icchāsahito alābhovāti ca vadanti. <span class="bld">Tappariyesanarasā</span>ti tesaṃ alabbhaneyyavatthūnaṃ pariyesanarasā. <span class="bld">Appatti</span> alābho.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti icchitālābhaniddesavaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Pañcupādānakkhandhaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para552"></a><span class="paranum">552</span>. <span class="bld">Yaṃ</span> <a name="V2.0191"></a> <span class="bld">vuttamidhā</span>ti idha saccaniddese yaṃ sarūpato vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Avutta</span>nti aññattha <span class="bld">dukkhakkhandhabālapaṇḍitasuttā</span>dīsu vuttampi idha sarūpato avuttaṃ. Tañca sabbaṃ ime upādānakkhandhe vinā na labbhatīti tattha khandhasannissayameva dukkhaṃ khandhe vibādhatīti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘indanamiva pāvako’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Yathā <a name="M2.0203"></a> vā lakkhaṃ paharaṇapahārassa vatthu, evaṃ khandhā saṃsāradukkhassa. Yathā ca gorūpaṃ ḍaṃsamakasādivibādhāya, yathā ca khettaṃ nipphannasassalāyanassa, gāmo ca gāmaghātakavibādhāya, evaṃ khandhā jātiādidukkhassa vatthūti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘lakkhamivā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Yebhuyyena loke vibādhakā vibādhetabbādhīnā na honti, ime pana vibādhetabbādhīnā evāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tiṇalatādīnī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Kāmaṃ anādimati saṃsāre ādi nāma kassaci natthi, ekabhavaparicchinnassa pana khandhasantānassa vasena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ādidukkhaṃ jātī’’</span>ti. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘pariyosānadukkhaṃ maraṇa’’</span>nti. Na hettha samucchedamaraṇameva adhippetaṃ. Maraṇassa antike āsanne jātaṃ dukkhaṃ <span class="bld">māraṇantikadukkhaṃ. Paridayhanaṃ</span> cittasantāpo. <span class="bld">Lālappanaṃ</span> ativiya vippalāpo. <span class="bld">Anutthunanaṃ</span> anto nijjhāyanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ekameka</span>nti jātiādīnaṃ antarabhedabhinnānaṃ, jātiādīnameva vā upādānakkhandhapañcakānaṃ vā ekamekaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṅkhipitvā</span>ti samāsetvā, sāmaññaniddesena vā saṅkhepaṃ katvā.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti dukkhaniddesakathāvaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Samudayaniddesakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para553"></a><span class="paranum">553</span>. <span class="bld">Punabbhavakaraṇaṃ punabbhavo</span> uttarapadalopena, yathā vā apūpabhakkhanasīlo āpūpiko, evaṃ punabbhavakaraṇasīlā, punabbhavaṃ vā phalaṃ arahati, so vā etissā payojananti <span class="bld">ponobhavikā</span>. Nandanato, rañjanato ca nandīrāgabhāvaṃ sabbāsu avatthāsu apaccakkhāya vuttiyā <span class="bld">nandīrāgasahagatā</span>. Tāya ca sattā tattha tattha bhavādike kimikīṭapaṭaṅgādiattabhāvepi nandanti, rūpābhinandanādibhūtāya rañjanti cāti <span class="bld">tatratatrābhinandinī</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘nandīrāgena sahagatā’’</span>tiādi. Tabbhāvattho hi esa sahagatasaddo. Kāmabhavavibhavabhedavasena <a name="V2.0192"></a> pavattiyā kāmataṇhā, bhavataṇhā, vibhavataṇhā ca veditabbā. Kāmataṇhādibhedaṃ anāmasitvā kevalaṃ taṇhābhāveneva ekabhāvaggahaṇena ekattaṃ upanetvā kassacipi sattassa kenaci sadisatābhāvato taṃtaṃvicittabhāvajanakakammanipphādanena <a name="M2.0204"></a> ativicittasabhāvā sakalassa dukkhassa hetubhāvato <span class="bld">dukkhasamudayo ariyasaccaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kasmā panettha taṇhāva samudayasaccaṃ vuttāti? Visesahetubhāvato. Avijjā hi bhavesu ādīnavaṃ paṭicchādentī, diṭṭhiādiupādānañca tattha tattha abhinivisamānaṃ taṇhaṃ abhivaḍḍhentī dosādayopi kammassa kāraṇaṃ honti, taṇhā pana taṃtaṃbhavayonigativiññāṇaṭṭhitisattāvāsasattanikāyakulabhogissariyādivicittataṃ abhipatthentī, kammavicittatāya upanissayataṃ kammassa ca sahāyabhāvaṃ upagacchantī bhavādivicittataṃ niyameti, tasmā dukkhassa visesahetubhāvato aññesupi avijjāupādānakammādīsu sutte (dī. ni. 2.400; ma. ni. 1.133; 3.374) abhidhamme (vibha. 203) ca avasesakilesākusalamūlādīsu vuttesu dukkhahetūsu vijjamānesu taṇhāva samudayasaccanti vuttāti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti samudayaniddesakathāvaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Nirodhaniddesakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para554"></a><span class="paranum">554</span>. <span class="bld">Tassāyevā</span>ti yadaggena taṇhā samudayasaccanti vuttā, tadaggena tassāyevāti avadhāraṇaṃ. Sati hi padhānahetunirodhe tadaññahetū niruddhāyeva hontīti byādhinimittavūpasamanena byādhivūpasamo viya hetunirodhena phalanirodhoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘samudayanirodhena dukkhanirodho’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Na aññathā</span>ti yathāvuttassa atthassa ekantikataṃ dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anupaddave</span>ti pāṇakavijjhanasatthappahārādiupaddavarahite. Tato eva <span class="bld">daḷhe</span> thire. Sākhādichedanena <span class="bld">chinnopi. Taṇhānusaye</span>ti kāmarāgabhavarāgānusaye. <span class="bld">Anūhate</span>ti asamupaghāṭite.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā sīho yenattani saro khitto, tattheva attano balaṃ dasseti, na sare, tathā buddhānaṃ kāraṇe <a name="V2.0193"></a> paṭipatti, na phale. Yathā pana sārameyyā kenaci leḍḍuppahāre dinne bhussantā leḍḍuṃ khādanti, na <a name="M2.0205"></a> pahāradāyake uṭṭhahanti, evaṃ aññatitthiyā dukkhaṃ nirodhetukāmā kāyacchedamanuyuñjanti, na kilesanirodhananti imamatthaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sīhasamānavuttino’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para555"></a><span class="paranum">555</span>. Virajjati palujjati chijjati samudayo etenāti <span class="bld">virāgo vuccati maggo</span>. Virajjanaṃ palujjanaṃ samucchindanaṃ <span class="bld">virāgoti pahānaṃ vuccati. Tasmā</span>ti yasmā pahānapariyāyo virāgasaddo, nirodhasaddo ca, tasmā. Anusayasamugghātato aseso virāgo aseso nirodhoti sambandhanīyaṃ. Cāgādipadānipi gahetvā vadati <span class="bld">sabbāneva etānī</span>ti. Yasmā <span class="bld">nibbānaṃ vuccati,</span> na dukkhassa nirujjhanamattaṃ, tasmā taṇhāya asesavirāganirodhādipadānipi nibbānavevacanānīti. Vuttamevatthaṃ samattheti <span class="bld">‘‘yasmā panā’’</span>tiādi. Yathā virāgādipadāni nibbāne yujjanti, taṃdassanaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">taṃ āgammā</span>ti taṃ nibbānaṃ ārammaṇakaraṇavasena patvā. <span class="bld">Taṇhā virajjatī</span>ti ariyamaggena accantavirāgavasena taṇhā virajjīyati. <span class="bld">Nirujjhatī</span>ti nirodhīyati, tena virāganirodhasaddānaṃ adhikaraṇasādhanatamāha. <span class="bld">Tadevā</span>ti nibbānameva. <span class="bld">Cāgādayo hontī</span>ti cāgādihetuṃ phalavohārena vadati. <span class="bld">‘‘Kāmaguṇālayesū’’</span>ti potthakesu likhanti, ‘‘kāmaguṇālayādīsū’’ti pana pāṭho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para556"></a><span class="paranum">556</span>. <span class="bld">Tayida</span>ntiādi na porāṇapāṭho, <span class="bld">saccatthadīpane</span> pana vuttaniyāmena tato ānetvā pacchā ṭhapitaṃ. Tathā hi pubbe vuttānipi lakkhaṇādīni punapi vuttāni. Saṃsāradukkhato nibbinnamānasassa assāsaṃ karonto viya hotīti <span class="bld">assāsakaraṇarasaṃ</span>. Rāgādisabbapapañcavūpasamanimittatāya nippapañcataṃ paccupaṭṭhapetīti <span class="bld">nippapañcapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para557"></a><span class="paranum">557</span>. <span class="bld">Nattheva nibbāna</span>nti yadi sāmaññato paṭiññā, attanā adhippetanibbānassapi abhāvo āpajjati, tathā sati paṭiññāvirodho. Atha parābhimataṃ nibbānaṃ pati, evaṃ sati dhammiasiddhi, tato ca nissayāsiddho hetu. <span class="bld">Anupalabbhanīyato</span>ti kiṃ paccakkhato, udāhu anumānato? Purimasmiṃ pakkhe cakkhādīhi anekantikatā, dutiyasmiṃ paraṃ pati asiddho hetu. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘na, upāyena upalabbhanīyato’’</span>tiādi. Tattha yathā cetopariyañāṇalābhino eva ariyā paresaṃ lokuttaracittaṃ jānanti, tatthāpi ca arahā eva sabbesaṃ, na sabbe, evaṃ nibbānampi <a name="M2.0206"></a><a name="V2.0194"></a> sīlasamādhipaññāsaṅkhātasammāpaṭipattibhūtena upāyena upalabbhatīti atthavacanaṃ cetaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ, na payogavacanaṃ. Taṃ parato āvi bhavissati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para558"></a><span class="paranum">558</span>. <span class="bld">Natthīti na vattabbaṃ,</span> ariyehi upalabbhanīyatoti adhippāyo. Saṃsārato saṃviggamānasā sammāpaṭipattiyā nibbānaṃ adhigacchantīti sabbasamayasiddhoyaṃ nayo. Tattha sāsanikameva nissāya vadati <span class="bld">‘‘paṭipattiyā vañcubhāvāpajjanato’’</span>ti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘asati hī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Sammādiṭṭhipurejavāyā</span>ti sammādiṭṭhipubbaṅgamāya. Pubbaṅgamatā cassā padhānabhāvato. Tathā hi sā paṭhamaṃ desanāruḷhā, na sabbapaṭhamaṃ uppajjanato. <span class="bld">Na cāyaṃ</span> sammāpaṭipatti vañjhā, <span class="bld">nibbānapāpanato</span> nibbānassa sampāpakato. Tava matena pana nibbānasseva abhāvato vañjhabhāvo āpajjatīti yojanā. <span class="bld">Abhāvapāpakattā</span>ti sammāpaṭipattiyā kilesasamucchindanamukhena khandhānaṃ abhāvasampāpakabhāvato, na vañjhabhāvāpattīti ce vadeyyāsīti attho. <span class="bld">Na</span> iti paṭikkhepe. Yaṃ tayā ‘‘abhāvapāpakattā’’ti vadantena khandhābhāvo nibbānanti paṭiññātaṃ, taṃ na. Kasmā? <span class="bld">Atītānāgatābhāvepi nibbānappattiyā abhāvato</span>. Atītānāgatā hi khandhā na santīti tasmiṃ abhāve nibbānaṃ adhigataṃ nāma siyā, so pana natthīti. Na kevalaṃ atītānāgatānameva, atha kho vattamānānampīti tiyaddhagatānaṃ sabbesaṃ khandhānaṃ abhāvo nibbānaṃ. Na hi taṃ ekadesābhāvo bhavituṃ yuttanti vattamānā ce, na na santi, na santi ce, na vattamānāti ‘‘vattamānā, na santi cā’’ti vippaṭisiddhametanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘na, tesaṃ…pe… pajjanato’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kiñca bhiyyo – yadi vattamānābhāvo nibbānaṃ, yadā ariyamaggo vattati, tadā tassa nissayabhūtā khandhā vattamānāti katvā tadā nibbānassa abhāvo siyā. Tathā ca sati maggakkhaṇepi nibbānasacchikiriyāya abhāvo āpajjatīti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘vattamāna…pe… dosato’’</span>ti āha. Na mayaṃ sabbesaṃyeva avattamānatāya nibbānaṃ vadāma. Kiñcarahīti, <span class="bld">tadā</span> maggakkhaṇe <span class="bld">kilesānaṃ avattamānattā,</span> tasmā <span class="bld">na doso</span> yathāvuttadosābhāvoti? Yadi kilesānaṃ avattamānatāsaṅkhāto abhāvo nibbānaṃ, evaṃ sati ariyamaggassa niratthakatā āpajjati <a name="M2.0207"></a> maggakkhaṇato pubbepi tadabhāvasiddhito. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ariyamaggassā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Tasmā akāraṇameta</span>nti yasmā na nibbānassa anupalabbhanīyatā, abhāvamattatā, paṭipattiyā vañjhabhāvo, atītānāgatābhāve nibbānādhigamo ca āpajjati, vattamānānaṃ abhāvopi na sambhavati<a name="V2.0195"></a>, pageva kilesānaṃ avattamānatā, ariyamaggassa ca niratthakabhāvāpatti, tasmā nibbānassa abhāvasādhanatthaṃ yadidaṃ ‘‘anupalabbhanīyato, abhāvapāpakattā, tadā kilesānaṃ avattamānattā’’ti ca kāraṇaṃ vuttaṃ, akāraṇametaṃ, ayuttiresāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para559"></a><span class="paranum">559</span>. <span class="bld">Ādivacanato</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena avasiṭṭhaṃ jambukhādakasuttapadesaṃ (saṃ. ni. 4.314 ādayo), aññampi asaṅkhatāya dhātuyā niddesapāḷiṃ saṅgaṇhāti. Tathā hi ‘‘nibbānaṃ nibbānanti, āvuso sāriputta, vuccati, katamaṃ nu kho, āvuso, nibbānanti? Yo kho, āvuso, rāgakkhayo dosakkhayo mohakkhayo, idaṃ vuccati nibbāna’’nti <span class="bld">jambukhādakasutte</span> (saṃ. ni. 4.314 ādayo), ‘‘tattha katamā asaṅkhatā dhātu? Rāgakkhayo dosakkhayo mohakkhayo’’ti (vibha. 184) <span class="bld">āyatanavibhaṅge</span> vuttaṃ. Tatrāyamattho – nibbānaṃ asaṅkhatā dhātu asaṅkhatasabhāvo dhammo. Yasmā taṃ āgamma rāgādayo khīyanti, tasmā rāgakkhayo, dosakkhayo, mohakkhayoti ca vuccatīti. <span class="bld">Āgammā</span>ti ca sabbasaṅkhārehi nibbinnassa visaṅkhāraninnassa gotrabhunā vivaṭṭitamānasassa maggena sacchikaraṇenāti attho. Sacchikiriyamānañhi taṃ adhigantvā ārammaṇapaccayabhūtañca paṭicca adhipatipaccayabhūte ca tasmiṃ paramassāsabhāvena vinimuttasaṅkhārassa paramagatibhāvena ca patiṭṭhānabhūte patiṭṭhāya khayasaṅkhāto maggo rāgādayo khepetīti taṃsacchikaraṇābhāve rāgādīnaṃ anuppattinirodhagamanābhāvā taṃ āgamma rāgādayo khīyantīti vuccanti. Ekaṃsena cetaṃ evaṃ sampaṭicchitabbaṃ, itarathā yathārutavasena pāḷiyā atthe gayhamāne bahū dosā āpajjantīti te dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘arahattassāpī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Arahattañhi aggaphalapamukhā cattāro khandhāti na tassa rāgādikhayamattatā yuttā. <span class="bld">Tampi hi…pe… niddiṭṭhaṃ</span>. Tattha yathā rāgādīnaṃ khīṇante uppannattā arahattaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘rāgakkhayo’’</span>tiādinā niddiṭṭhanti suttassa neyyatthattā. Evaṃ nibbānaṃ āgamma rāgādayo khīyantīti nibbānaṃ ‘‘rāgakkhayo’’tiādinā niddiṭṭhanti <a name="M2.0208"></a> imassāpi suttassa neyyatthatā veditabbā. Nibbānassa rāgādikkhayamattatāya bahūdosā āpajjantīti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kiñca bhiyyo’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">ittarakālādippattidosato</span>ti rāgādīnaṃ khayamattatāya parittakālatā, saṅkhatalakkhaṇatā, payogena vinā saraseneva adhigandhabbatā, rāgādīhi aparimuttatā, ādittatā, dukkhatā, anupasantatā, bahubhāvo, oḷārikatā, gotrabhumaggānaṃ anārammaṇatāti evamādidosāpajjanato<a name="V2.0196"></a>. Rāgasseva khayo <span class="bld">rāgakkhayo,</span> na dosādīnaṃ. Tathā dosakkhayādayopīti añño rāgakkhayo, añño dosakkhayo, añño mohakkhayoti tiṇṇaṃ akusalamūlānaṃ khayabhūtāni tīṇi nibbānāni, catunnaṃ upādānānaṃ khaye cattāri, pañcannaṃ nīvaraṇānaṃ khaye pañca, channaṃ taṇhākāyānaṃ khaye cha, sattannaṃ anusayānaṃ khaye satta, aṭṭhannaṃ micchattānaṃ khaye aṭṭha, navannaṃ taṇhāmūlakānaṃ khaye nava, dasannaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ khaye dasa, diyaḍḍhakilesasahassassa khaye pāṭiyekkaṃ nibbānanti bahūni nibbānāni honti. Rāgādikkhayo nāma andhabālānampi pākaṭo, antamaso dīpimigamakkaṭādīnampi suviññeyyoti oḷārikaṃ nibbānaṃ hoti. Gotrabhukkhaṇe kilesakkhayassa abhāvato, maggakkhaṇe ca akhīṇattā, ārammaṇakaraṇassa ca asambhavo eva. <span class="bld">Tassa nibbānabhāvato</span>ti sabbapariyosānassa rāgādikkhayassa nibbānabhāvato. Yato khayato paṭṭhāya rāgādīnaṃ pavatti na hoti, so ‘‘ayaṃ nāmā’’ti niyametabbo maggaphalañāṇānaṃ ārammaṇabhūto natthīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘na tādisassa khayassa abhāvato’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kiñca bhiyyo – yo pacchimabhavato tatiyattabhāveyeva rāgādīsu ādīnavaṃ disvā jhānabhāvanāya te vikkhambhetvā aparihīnajjhāno kālaṃ katvā brahmalokaṃ upapanno, tattha yāvatāyukaṃ ṭhatvā idhāgatopi kāmesu vītarāgova hutvā pabbajitvā arahattaṃ patto, yo ca paṭhamavaye eva rāgādito nibbinno te ca jhānena vikkhambhetvā pacchimavaye arahattaṃ patto, tesaṃ rāgādīnaṃ vikkhambhanato paṭṭhāya anuppajjanato nirodhasadisatāya anuppattiyeva nirodho. Te nibbānappattā nāma siyuṃ, na ca honti, tasmā na tādisassa khayassa nibbānabhāvo. Tassāpi ittarakālatādidosasamāyogo evāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘bhāvepi</span> <span class="bld">cā’’</span>tiādi<a name="M2.0209"></a>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadi ‘‘khayo’’ti vacanato yato khayato paṭṭhāya rāgādīnaṃ appavatti, taṃ khayamattaṃ nibbānaṃ maññasi, evaṃ sati ‘‘khaye ñāṇa’’ntiādīsu (dha. sa. dukamātikā 142; 1382) ‘‘khayo’’ti vuttattā taduppattito paṭṭhāya ca rāgādīnaṃ anuppattīti maggassāpi nibbānabhāvāpattīti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘ariyamaggassa cā’’</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā niruddhā na santi, evaṃ anuppannāpīti abhāvasāmaññato nirodhasadisatāya anuppatti eva nirodho <span class="bld">anuppattinirodho</span>. Ayañhi maggena khepetabbākāro, yadidaṃ uppajjanārahassa anuppattidhammatāpādananti ‘‘khayo’’ti ca vuccatīti. Taṃ itarakhayato visesento <span class="bld">‘‘anuppattinirodhasaṅkhātassa pana khayassā’’</span>ti āha. Anipphannatā pana tassa khayassa <a name="V2.0197"></a> <span class="bld">pariyāyena upanissayattā</span>ti vuttaṃ. Anuppattinirodhakkhayakarassa hi maggassa ārammaṇabhūtaṃ nibbānaṃ atthato tassa upanissayo viyāti vattabbataṃ labhati. <span class="bld">Tadupacārenā</span>ti atthato phalabhūtakhayavohārena. Phalūpacārena hi kāraṇaṃ voharīyati yathā ‘‘āyu ghataṃ, semho guḷo’’ti ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Assā</span>ti nibbānassa. ‘‘Idampi kho ṭhānaṃ sududdasa’’ntiādinā (dī. ni. 2.64, 66-67; ma. ni. 2.337; saṃ. ni. 1.172; mahāva. 7-8) paccavekkhato bhagavato appossukkabhāvāvahanato. ‘‘Tañhi te, māgaṇḍiya, ariyaṃ cakkhuṃ natthi, yena tvaṃ ariyena cakkhunā ārogyaṃ jāneyyāsi, nibbānaṃ passeyyāsī’’ti (ma. ni. 2.218) vacanato ariyena cakkhunā passitabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para560"></a><span class="paranum">560</span>. Yadi nibbānaṃ nāma sabhāvadhammo atthi sattasantānapariyāpanno ca, atha kasmā catumahāpathe sabhā viya sabbasādhāraṇā na labbhatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘maggasamaṅginā pattabbato asādhāraṇa’’</span>nti. ‘‘Asukassa sammāsambuddhassa kāle uppanna’’nti evaṃ purimāya koṭiyā abhāvato <span class="bld">appabhavaṃ. Maggabhāve</span>ti ariyamaggassa atthibhāve. <span class="bld">Bhāvato</span> vijjamānato laddhabbato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aṇuādīna</span>nti aṇupakatikālapurisādīnaṃ. <span class="bld">Niccabhāvāpattī</span>ti sassatabhāvasiddhi. Kūṭaṭṭhaniccatā hi idhādhippetā. <span class="bld">Hetuno abhāvā</span>ti upapattiyā sādhanahetuno abhāvā. <span class="bld">Niccā te</span> aṇuādayo. <span class="bld">Nibbānassa</span> <a name="M2.0210"></a> <span class="bld">niccattā</span>ti apekkhadhammattāti hetulakkhaṇānupapatti. <span class="bld">‘‘Aṇuādīnaṃ asiddhattā’’</span>ti etena ‘‘niccā aṇuādayo’’ti paṭiññāya dhammiasiddhi, tato ca nissayāsiddho hetūti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para561"></a><span class="paranum">561</span>. <span class="bld">Yathāvuttayuttisabbhāvato</span>ti ‘‘appabhavattā’’ti attanā vuttaṃ hetuṃ sandhāyāha. Appabhavatā cassa apaccayatāya daṭṭhabbā, tāya tassa purimāya koṭiyā abhāvo. <span class="bld">‘‘Rūpasabhāvātikkamato’’</span>ti etena yathā rūpadhammānaṃ ruppanasabhāvo, paṭighātavantatāya kalāpaso vuttiyā padesasambandho ca sabhāvo, evaṃ nibbānassa katthaci paṭighāto, sappadesatā ca natthīti dasseti. Na hi nibbānaṃ ‘‘asukadisāya, asukadese’’ti vā niddisīyati, yato taṃ appatiṭṭhamevāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Asithila</span> <a name="V2.0198"></a> <span class="bld">…pe… gamanīyato’’</span>ti etena nibbānassa ariyānaṃ paccakkhasiddhataṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">‘‘Sabbaññuvacanato’’</span>ti etena tadaññesaṃ anumānasiddhataṃ, tadubhayena ‘‘anupalabbhanīyato’’ti panassa hetuno asiddhataṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Paramatthena nāvijjamānaṃ</span> vijjamānamevāti yathāraddhamatthaṃ nigametvā tadatthasādhanaṃ āgamaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘vuttañheta’’</span>nti-. ādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha ajātaṃ abhūtaṃ akataṃ asaṅkhatanti (udā. 73; netti. 41) cattāripi padāni aññamaññavevacanāni. Atha vā vedanādayo viya hetupaccayasamavāyasaṅkhātāya kāraṇasāmaggiyā na jātaṃ na nibbattanti <span class="bld">ajātaṃ</span>. Kāraṇena vinā, sayameva ca na bhūtaṃ na pātubhūtaṃ na uppannanti <span class="bld">abhūtaṃ</span>. Evaṃ ajātattā, abhūtattā ca yena kenaci kāraṇena na katanti <span class="bld">akataṃ</span>. Jātabhūtakatabhāvo ca nāma rūpādīnaṃ saṅkhatadhammānaṃ hoti, na asaṅkhatabhāvassa nibbānassāti dassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘asaṅkhata’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. Paṭilomato vā samecca sambhūya paccayehi katanti saṅkhataṃ, tathā na saṅkhataṃ saṅkhatalakkhaṇarahitanti ca <span class="bld">asaṅkhata</span>nti evaṃ anekehi kāraṇehi nibbattitabhāve paṭisiddhe ‘‘pakativādīnaṃ pakati viya siyā nu kho ekeneva kāraṇena etaṃ kata’’nti āsaṅkāyaṃ kenaci na katanti dassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘akata’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. Evaṃ apaccayampi samānaṃ ‘‘sayameva nu kho idaṃ bhūtaṃ pātubhūta’’nti <a name="M2.0211"></a> āsaṅkāyaṃ taṃ nivattanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘abhūta’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. Ayañcetassa asaṅkhatākatābhūtabhāvo sabbena sabbaṃ ajātidhammattāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ajāta’’</span>nti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evamettha satthā paramatthato nibbānassa atthibhāvaṃ pavedesi. Pavedento ca ‘‘ahaṃ dhammissaro dhammassāmī’’ti na attano āṇāmattena pavedesi, apica kho pana padaparame anukampamāno yuttitopi pavedesi. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘No cetaṃ, bhikkhave, abhavissa ajātaṃ abhūtaṃ akataṃ asaṅkhataṃ, nayidha jātassa bhūtassa katassa saṅkhatassa nissaraṇaṃ paññāyetha. Yasmā ca kho, bhikkhave, atthi ajātaṃ abhūtaṃ akataṃ asaṅkhataṃ, tasmā jātassa bhūtassa katassa saṅkhatassa nissaraṇaṃ paññāyatī’’ti (udā. 73; netti. 41).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tassattho <a name="V2.0199"></a> – bhikkhave, yadi ajātādisabhāvā asaṅkhatā dhātu na abhavissa na siyā, idha loke jātādisabhāvassa rūpādikkhandhapañcakasaṅkhātassa saṅkhatassa nissaraṇaṃ anavasesavūpasamo na paññāyeyya na upalabbheyya na sambhaveyya. Nibbānañhi ārammaṇaṃ katvā pavattamānā sammādiṭṭhiādayo ariyamaggadhammā anavasesaṃ saṃkilese samucchindanti, tenettha sabbassāpi vaṭṭadukkhassa apagamo nissaraṇaṃ paññāyati. Evaṃ byatirekavasena nibbānassa atthibhāvaṃ dassetvā idāni anugamanavasenapi taṃ dassetvā nigametuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yasmā ca kho’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tassattho vuttanayeneva veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca yasmā ‘‘appaccayā dhammā asaṅkhatā dhammā (dha. sa. dukamātikā 7-8). Atthi, bhikkhave, tadāyatanaṃ, yattha neva pathavī (udā. 71). Idampi kho ṭhānaṃ sududdasaṃ, yadidaṃ sabbasaṅkhārasamatho sabbūpadhipaṭinissaggo (dī. ni. 2.64, 67; ma. ni. 2.337; saṃ. ni. 2.172; mahāva. 7-8). Asaṅkhatañca vo, bhikkhave, dhammaṃ desessāmi asaṅkhatagāminiñca paṭipada’’ntiādīhi (saṃ. ni. 4.366) anekehi suttapadehi ‘‘atthi, bhikkhave, ajāta’’nti (udā. 73; netti. 41) iminā ca suttapadena nibbānadhātuyā paramatthato sabbhāvo sabbalokaṃ anukampamānena sammāsambuddhena pakāsito, tasmā <a name="M2.0212"></a> yadipi kattha apaccakkhakārīnampi sāsane abhippasannānaṃ viññūnaṃ saṃsayo natthiyeva. Ye pana paraneyyabuddhino puggalā, tesaṃ vimativinodanatthaṃ ayamettha adhippāyaniddhāraṇamukhena yuttivicāraṇā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā pariññeyyatāya sauttarānaṃ kāmānaṃ, rūpānañca paṭipakkhabhūtaṃ tabbidhurasabhāvaṃ nissaraṇaṃ paññāyati, evaṃ sabhāvānaṃ sabbesampi saṅkhatadhammānaṃ paṭipakkhabhūtena tabbidhurasabhāvena nissaraṇena bhavitabbaṃ. Yañca taṃ nissaraṇaṃ, sā asaṅkhatā dhātu. Kiñca bhiyyo – saṅkhatadhammārammaṇavipassanāñāṇaṃ, apica anulomañāṇaṃ kilese tadaṅgavasena pajahati, na samucchedavasena pajahituṃ sakkoti. Tathā sammutisaccārammaṇaṃ paṭhamajjhānādīsu ñāṇaṃ vikkhambhanavaseneva kilese pajahati, na samucchedavasena. Iti saṅkhatadhammārammaṇassa, sammutisaccārammaṇassa ca ñāṇassa kilesānaṃ samucchedappahāne asamatthabhāvato tesaṃ samucchedappahānakarassa ariyamaggañāṇassa tadubhayaviparītasabhāvena ārammaṇena bhavitabbaṃ, sā asaṅkhatā dhātu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā <a name="V2.0200"></a> ‘‘atthi, bhikkhave, ajātaṃ abhūtaṃ akataṃ asaṅkhata’’nti (udā. 73; netti. 41) evamādi nibbānassa paramatthato atthibhāvajotakavacanaṃ aviparītatthaṃ bhagavatā bhāsitattā. Yañhi bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ, taṃ aviparītatthaṃ yathā taṃ ‘‘sabbe saṅkhārā aniccā, sabbe saṅkhārā dukkhā, sabbe dhammā anattā’’ti (ma. ni. 1.353, 356; dha. pa. 277-279; theragā. 676-678; netti. 5), tathā nibbānasaddo katthaci visaye yathābhūtaparamatthavisayo upacāravuttisabbhāvato. Seyyathāpi sīhasaddoti evamādīhi nayehi yuttitopi asaṅkhatāya dhātuyā paramatthato atthibhāvo veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparo nayo – yadi pana nibbānaṃ abhāvamattameva siyā, tassa ‘‘gambhīro duddaso duranubodho santo paṇīto atakkāvacaro nipuṇo paṇḍitavedanīyo’’ti (dī. ni. 2.64, 67; ma. ni. 2.337; saṃ. ni. 1.172; mahāva. 7-8) gambhīrāditā, ‘‘asaṅkhatañca vo, bhikkhave, dhammaṃ desessāmī’’tiādinā (saṃ. ni. 4.366) asaṅkhatāditā, ‘‘abyākatā dhammā apaccayādhammā’’tiādinā abyākatadhammāditā ca na vattabbā siyā. Na hi abhāvassa <a name="M2.0213"></a> koci sabhāvo atthi, yena so gambhīrāsaṅkhatādiākārato viññāyeyya. Abhāvo hi abhāvo eva, kuto tassa gambhīrāsaṅkhātādibhāvasambandho. Kiñcāyamabhāvo sabbesaṃ kilesānaṃ sabbasattasantānagatānaṃ eko vā bhaveyya aneko vā. Yadi eko, ekeneva maggena sabbakilesābhāvo kato, sacchikato cāti aññassa, aññesañca maggānaṃ niratthakatāti na siyā maggabahutā, ekajjhañca sabbasattānaṃ nibbānādhigamo āpajjati. Siyā panevaṃ eko eva so nibbānasaññito kilesābhāvo, so pana na maggehi kātabbo, atha kho sacchikātabboti. Evaṃ sati visesato maggassa niratthakatā āpajjati, kilesānaṃ appahānatoti ekopi maggo na siyā. Asati ca kilesappahāne dukkhassa anupacchedanato kilesābhāvasacchikiriyā kimatthiyā siyā, atha pana maggānaṃ santānagatasaṃyojanattayappahānādipaṭiniyatakiccatāya catūsu maggesu pāṭiyekkaṃ kilesābhāvo. Evaṃ sati sabhāvapabhedena vinā na bahubhāvoti so kilesakkhayapariyāyena vutto sabhāvadhammo eva siyā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yesaṃ abhāvo, tappabhedena abhāve bhedopacāroti ce? Yesaṃ abhāvo, tesaṃ sasabhāvatāya tassa sabhāvopacāropi siyā. Tathā ca te saṃkilesasaṅkhatatādito kilesasaṅkhatatādiupacārāpi <a name="V2.0201"></a> siyuṃ. No ce te icchitā, tappabhedena bhedopacāropi na icchitabbo. Na ca pahoti upacarito bahubhāvo atthato bahubhāvāya. Na hi jalaṃ analanti upacaritaṃ dahati, pacati vā. Ekattapañhampi cāyamabhāvo asabhāvatāya na sahatīti na sakkā vattuṃ natthibhāvasāmaññato abhedavohāro yuttarūpoti. Ekatte ca pubbe vuttā eva dosā, bahubhāve pana sati vuttanayeneva siddhā sabhāvadhammatā. Sabhāvadhammattepi ca bahubhāvo viya bhāvaṃ bhāvopi bahubhāvaṃ na byabhicareyyāti nibbānassa bahubhāvapasaṅgo siyāti ce? Na bahubhāvasseva abhāvappasaṅgato. Yadi hi yathā kakkhaḷatā bhāvaṃ, evaṃ bhāvopi kakkhaḷataṃ na byabhicareyya. Evaṃ sati sabbesaṃ bhāvānaṃ pathavībhāvāpattito kuto bhāvassa bahubhāvo, tasmā lokavohārānaṃ vicittatāya yadipi bahutā bhāvāpekkhā, bhāvatā pana na bahutāpekkhāti na bhāvassa sato nibbānassa bahubhāvo ‘‘ekā niṭṭhā <a name="M2.0214"></a> na puthu niṭṭhā’’ti vacanato. Ekasmiṃyeva ca dassanabhāvanādvayaṃ sambhavati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Parinibbutānaṃ paccekaṃ nibbānabhāve sattasantānaniyataṃ nāma nibbānaṃ siyā. Tathā ca sati saṅkhatatādidosānativattiyeva, kilesappahānaṃ vā maggakiccaṃ kilesānaṃ abhāvo. Tassa ca ekatte na maggabahutā kiccantarassa kattabbassa abhāvato. Maggabahubhāvo ca maggehi sacchikātabbe ekasmiṃ dhamme indriyānaṃ apāṭavapāṭavapāṭavatarapāṭavatamabhāvena sacchikiriyāvisesena kilesānaṃ pahānabhedena hotīti nibbānassa sabhāvadhammatte eva siyā. Abhāvopi ca kilesānaṃ maggena sakiccakatāya kātabbo eva siyā, na sacchikātabbo. Ko hi sabhāvo abhāvassa? Yo sacchikātabbo siyā, so ce nibbānaṃ ekeneva maggena sabbakilesānaṃ abhāvo eko abhinno kātabbo āpanno. Aññathā maggavasena catubbidhabhāve nibbānassa catubbidhabhāvappasaṅgo, nibbānavisesappasaṅgo ca āpajjeyyāti maggakiccassa ekattena maggabahutā siyā. Bahubhāve pana tesaṃ so vuttanayena ekasmiṃ dhamme sacchikiriyāvisesatoti siddhā nibbānassa sabhāvadhammatā. Khayādhigantabbatāya panetaṃ ‘‘khayo’’ti vuttaṃ. ‘‘Khaye ñāṇa’’nti (dha. sa. dukamātikā 142; 1382) hi vacanato ariyamaggo khayo nāma. Tena cetaṃ adhigantabbaṃ sacchikātabbaṃ, tasmā ‘‘khayo’’ti vuttanti.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti nirodhaniddesakathāvaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Magganiddesakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para562"></a><span class="paranum">562</span>. <span class="bld">Aṭṭha</span> <a name="V2.0202"></a> <span class="bld">dhammā</span>ti ‘‘katamaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasacca’’nti ārabhitvā ‘‘sammādiṭṭhī’’tiādinā <span class="bld">pāḷiyaṃ</span> (vibha. 205) dukkhanirodhagāminipaṭipadāniddese āgatā, tameva ca pāḷiṃ ānetvā uddesavasena idha ca vuttā sammādiṭṭhiādayo aṭṭha dhammā atthato pakāsitā, na maggasaccaniddesavasenāti adhippāyo. Yadi atthato pakāsitā, kimatthiyaṃ pana idha kathananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘idha panā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">‘‘ekakkhaṇe pavattamānāna’’</span>nti idaṃ lokiyakusalacittuppādesu viratiyo nānākkhaṇikā eva <a name="M2.0215"></a> hontīti katvā vuttaṃ. Sesamaggadhammā pana tatthāpi ekajjhaṃ uppajjantiyeva. <span class="bld">Visesāvabodhanattha</span>nti paṭipakkhasamugghātādipavattiākāravisesassa avabodhanatthaṃ. Vitthārato maggakathā parato āvi bhavissatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘saṅkhepato’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Catusaccapaṭivedhāya paṭipannassā</span>ti yathā catusaccābhisamayo hoti, evaṃ sabbaso pubbabhāgapaṭipattiyā paripūraṇavasena paṭipannassa. Ariyamaggasaṅkhātassa yogassa sabbhāvato <span class="bld">yogino</span>. Kāmaṃ avijjānusayasamugghāte tadekaṭṭhakilesānaṃ lesopi nāvasissati, vijjāya pana avijjā ujuvipaccanīkadhammoti dassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘avijjānusayasamugghātaka’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. Parato micchāsaṅkappādiggahaṇepi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Dhātuppakāsanarasā</span>ti paramatthapakāsanarasā, catusaccavibhāvanakiccāti attho. Maggadhammānaṃ paṭipakkhavidhamanākāro sātisayaṃ pākaṭo hutvā upaṭṭhātīti avijjānusayasamugghātakataṃ sammādiṭṭhiyā vatvāpi <span class="bld">avijjandhakāraviddhaṃsanapaccupaṭṭhānatā</span> vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tathā sampannadiṭṭhino</span>ti yathā avijjānusayasamugghāto hoti, tathā maggasammādiṭṭhiyā sampannadiṭṭhino. Evañhi catusaccapaṭivedhāya paṭipannassa yoginoti imamatthaṃ tathā-saddo upasaṃharati. Nibbānārammaṇatā pana taṃsampayuttavacaneneva bodhitā. <span class="bld">Micchāsaṅkappanighātaka</span>nti kāmasaṅkappādimicchāsaṅkappasamucchedakaṃ. <span class="bld">Appanāraso</span>ti nibbānārammaṇe maggacittassa samuppādavasena pavattanato appanākicco.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tathā passato vitakkayato cā</span>ti vuttappakārāya sammādiṭṭhiyā passato, nibbānārammaṇe ca sammāsaṅkappena cittaṃ abhiniropayato. <span class="bld">Vacīduccaritasamugghātikā</span>ti catubbidhassapi vacīduccaritassa samucchedikā. Musāvādādīnaṃ visaṃvādanādikiccatāya lūkhānaṃ apariggāhakānaṃ <a name="V2.0203"></a> paṭipakkhabhāvato siniddhabhāvena sampayuttadhammānaṃ pariggāhakasabhāvā sammāvācāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sā pariggahalakkhaṇā’’</span>ti. Kāyikakiriyā kiñci kattabbaṃ samuṭṭhāpeti, sayañca samuṭṭhahanaṃ ghaṭanaṃ hotīti sammākammantasaṅkhātā viratipi samuṭṭhānasabhāvā vuttā. Sampayuttadhammānaṃ vā ukkhipanaṃ <span class="bld">samuṭṭhāpanaṃ</span> kāyikakiriyāya bhārukkhipanaṃ viya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Assā</span>ti yogino. Tasmiṃ sati visujjhanato <span class="bld">visuddhibhūtā</span>. Jīvamānassa sattassa, sampayuttadhammānaṃ vā suddhi <span class="bld">vodānaṃ,</span> ājīvasseva vā jīvitindriyavuttiyā<a name="M2.0216"></a>. Ñāyājīvassa abuddhapaṭikuṭṭhāya sammājīvikāya pavattihetutāya <span class="bld">ñāyājīvapavattiraso</span>. Imassa hi pavattito paṭṭhāya micchājīvo na pavattatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sabbākusalaviddhaṃsakopi sammāvāyāmo ujupaṭipakkhadassanavasena <span class="bld">kosajjasamucchedako</span> vutto. Saṃkilesapakkhatopi tassa paggaṇhanaṃ <span class="bld">paggaho</span>. Kāyādīsu subhādiākārupadhāraṇavasena pavattā subhasaññādipubbaṅgamā akusalakkhandhā micchāsati, tassā viddhaṃsano <span class="bld">micchāsativiniddhunano. Asammoso</span>ti sammosaviddhaṃsanato tappaṭipakkho. Ārammaṇassa yathāsabhāvasallakkhaṇaṃ <span class="bld">upaṭṭhānaṃ</span>. ‘‘Ārakkhapaccupaṭṭhānā’’ti, ‘‘satārakkhena cetasā’’ti (dī. ni. 3.348) ca vacanato visesato sati kusalacittassa ārakkhāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘satiyā saṃrakkhiyamānacittassā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para563"></a><span class="paranum">563</span>. <span class="bld">Saccañāṇassā</span>ti saccāni ārabbha pavattanakañāṇassa, na paṭivedhañāṇaṃ viya sakideva bujjhati, atha kho punappunaṃ uppajjanato anu anu bodho anubodho, anussavākāraparivitakkadiṭṭhinijjhānakkhantianugato vā bodho anubodho, tadeva ñāṇanti <span class="bld">anubodhañāṇaṃ</span>. Na hi taṃ paccakkhato bujjhati, anussavādivasena pana kappanamukhena bujjhati. <span class="bld">Kiccato</span>ti parijānanādito. Taṃkiccakaraṇeneva hi pariññeyyādīni viya tānipi tassa pākaṭāni honti. Vivaṭṭānupassanāya hi saṅkhārehi patilīyamānamānasassa uppajjamānaṃ maggañāṇaṃ visaṅkhāraṃ dukkhanissaraṇaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā dukkhaṃ paricchindati, dukkhagatañca taṇhaṃ pajahati, nirodhañca sacchikaroti phusati. Ādicco viya pabhāya sammāsaṅkappādīhi saha samuppannaṃ taṃ maggaṃ bhāveti, na ca saṅkhāre amuñcitvā pavattamānena ñāṇena etaṃ sabbaṃ kātuṃ sakkā nimittapavattehi avuṭṭhitattā. Tasmā etāni kiccāni karontaṃ taṃ ñāṇaṃ dukkhādīni vibhāveti <a name="V2.0204"></a> tattha sammohanivattanenāti <span class="bld">‘‘cattāripi saccāni paṭivijjhatī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ, ekapaṭivedhenāti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dukkhasamudayampi so passatī</span>ti kālantaradassanaṃ sandhāya vuttanti ce? Na, ‘‘yo nu kho, āvuso, dukkhaṃ passati, dukkhasamudayampi so passatī’’tiādinā (saṃ. ni. 5.1100) ekadassino aññattayadassitāvicāraṇāyaṃ taṃsādhanatthaṃ āyasmatā <a name="M2.0217"></a> <span class="bld">gavampati</span>ttherena imassa <span class="bld">suttassa</span> ānītattā, paccekañca saccesu dissamānesu aññattayadassanassa yojitattā. Aññathā anupubbābhisamaye purimadiṭṭhassa pacchā adassanato samudayādidassino dukkhādidassitā na yojetabbā siyā. Yojitā ca sā ‘‘yo dukkhasamudayaṃ passati, dukkhampi so passatī’’tiādinā (saṃ. ni. 5.1100). <span class="bld">Lokiyaṃ</span> saccañāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Tattha</span> lokiyañāṇe. Pariyuṭṭhānasaṅkhāto abhibhavo <span class="bld">pariyuṭṭhānābhibhavo,</span> tassa vasena. Suddhasaṅkhārapuñjamattadassanato sakkāyadiṭṭhipariyuṭṭhānaṃ nivatteti. ‘‘Lokasamudayaṃ kho, kaccāna, yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passato yā loke natthitā, sā na hotī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 2.15) vacanato samudayadassanaṃ hetuphalapabandhāvicchedadassanato pariyuṭṭhānābhibhavavasena pavattamānaṃ ucchedadiṭṭhiṃ nivatteti. ‘‘Lokanirodhaṃ kho…pe… passato yā loke atthitā, sā na hotī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 2.15) vacanato nirodhadassanaṃ hetunirodhā phalanirodhadassanato sassatadiṭṭhiṃ nivatteti. Attakārassa paccakkhadassanato maggadassanaṃ ‘‘natthi attakāre, natthi parakāre, natthi purisakāre’’tiādikaṃ (dī. ni. 1.168) akiriyadiṭṭhiṃ pajahati. ‘‘Natthi hetu, natthi paccayo sattānaṃ saṃkilesāya, ahetū appaccayā sattā saṃkilissanti, natthi hetu…pe… visuddhiyā, ahetū appaccayā sattā visujjhantī’’tiādikā (dī. ni. 1.168; ma. ni. 2.101, 227; saṃ. ni. 3.212) ahetukadiṭṭhi ca idha akiriyādiṭṭhiggahaṇeneva gahitāti daṭṭhabbā. Sāpi hi visuddhimaggadassanena pahīyatīti. Dukkhe ñāṇaṃ samudayaphalassa dukkhassa addhuvādibhāvaṃ passatīti <span class="bld">phale vippaṭipattiṃ</span> nivatteti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Issaro lokaṃ pavatteti sajjeti nivatteti saṃharatīti <span class="bld">issarakāraṇino</span> vadanti. Padhānato loko āvi bhavati, tattheva ca patilīyatīti <span class="bld">padhānakāraṇino</span>.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Kālo <a name="V2.0205"></a> karoti bhūtāni, kālo saṃharatī pajā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Kālo sutte jāgarati, kālo hi duratikkamo’’ti. –</p>
<p class="unindented"><span class="bld">Kālavādino</span>. Kaṇṭakassa tikhiṇabhāvo viya, kapiṭṭhaphalādīnaṃ parimaṇḍalatā viya, migapakkhisarīsapādīnaṃ vicittatā viya ca sabhāveneva loko sambhoti, vibhoti cāti <span class="bld">sabhāvavādino. Ādi</span>-saddena aṇūhi <a name="M2.0218"></a> loko pavattati, sabbaṃ pubbekatahetu, loko niyato acchejjasuttāvutābhejjamaṇisadiso, na ettha kassaci purisakāroti <span class="bld">niyativādino</span>.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yadicchāya pavattanti, yadicchāya nivattare;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Yadicchāya sukhaṃ dukkhaṃ, tasmā yādicchakī pajā’’ti. –</p>
<p class="unindented"><span class="bld">Yadicchāvādino,</span> ye <span class="bld">adhiccasamuppattivādino</span>ti ca vuccanti. Evamādiakāraṇavādasaṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. Rāmudakaāḷārādīnaṃ viya, arūpaloke nigaṇṭhānaṃ viya ca lokathūpikāyaṃ apavaggo mokkhoti gahaṇaṃ <span class="bld">apavaggagāho. Ādi</span>-saddena padhānassa appavatti, guṇaviyuttassa attano sakattani avaṭṭhānaṃ, brahmunā salokatā, samīpatā, saṃyogo, diṭṭhadhammanibbānavādāti evamādīnaṃ gahaṇaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Ettha ca <span class="bld">padhānassa appavatti</span> mahatādibhāvena apariṇāmo, anabhibyatti vā. ‘‘Ahamañño, pakati aññā’’ti evaṃ pavattapakatipurisantarajānanena attasukhadukkhamohesu avibhāgaggahaṇe kira nivattite vuttanayena padhānaṃ nappavattati, so vimokkhoti kāpilā. <span class="bld">Guṇaviyuttassā</span>ti buddhisukhadukkhaicchādosappayattadhammādhammasaṅkhārehi navahi attaguṇehi viyuttassāti kaṇādamatānusārino. <span class="bld">Salokatā</span> brahmunā samānalokatā. <span class="bld">Samīpatā</span> tassa samīpappavattitā. <span class="bld">Saṃyogo</span> tena ekībhāvūpagamanaṃ. ‘‘Indriyatappanaputtamukhadassanādīhi vinā apavaggo natthī’’ti gahetvā tathā pavattanaṃ <span class="bld">kāmasukhallikānuyogo</span>. Anasanakesaluñcanāditapacariyāya naggasīlagosīlakukkurasīlādīhi ca attaparitāpanena mokkho hotīti <span class="bld">attakilamatho</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Svāyaṃ sabbo micchāgāho saccañāṇe sati patiṭṭhaṃ na labhatīti vuttamevatthaṃ saṅgaṇhanto <span class="bld">‘‘loke lokappabhave’’</span>ti gāthamāhāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Ñāṇakiccato vinicchayavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para564"></a><span class="paranum">564</span>. <span class="bld">Sesā</span> <a name="M2.0219"></a><a name="V2.0206"></a> <span class="bld">sabbadhammā</span>ti sesā ekāsīti lokiyadhammā. Ajjhattikabāhiresu dvādasasu āyatanesu kāmabhavavibhavataṇhāvasena dvādasatikā <span class="bld">chattiṃsa taṇhāvicaritāni,</span> khuddakavatthuvibhaṅge vā āgatanayena kālavibhāgaṃ anāmasitvā vuttāni. Tadāmasane hi aṭṭhasataṃ honti. <span class="bld">Asammissa</span>nti ekakattā kenaci asammissaṃ, kuto tadantogadhappabhedoti adhippāyo. Vīmaṃsiddhipādādīnaṃ bodhipakkhiyānaṃ satipi kiccanānatte atthato ekattā sammādiṭṭhiyā saṅgahoti sammādiṭṭhimukhena tadantogadhatā vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tayo nekkhammavitakkādayo</span>ti lokiyakkhaṇe alobhamettākaruṇāsampayogavasena bhinnā, maggakkhaṇe lobhabyāpādavihiṃsāsamucchedanavasena tayoti ekopi vutto. Esa nayo <span class="bld">sammāvācā</span>dīsu. Appicchatāsantuṭṭhitānaṃ pana bhāve sammāājīvasambhavato tena tesaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. Bhavantarepi jīvitahetupi ariyehi avītikkamanīyattā <span class="bld">ariyakantānaṃ</span> sammāvācādisīlānaṃ gahaṇena yena saddhāhatthena tāni gahetabbāni, so saddhāhattho gahito eva hotīti tato anaññāni saddhindriyasaddhābalāni tattha antogadhāni vuttāni. Chando pana saddhānuguṇoti katvā chandiddhipādassāpi tadantogadhatā vuttā. <span class="bld">Tesaṃ atthitāyā</span>ti saddhindriyasaddhābalachandiddhipādānaṃ atthitāya sīlassa atthibhāvato tividhenāpi sīlena te tayopi gahitāti tattha antogadhā. <span class="bld">Cittasamādhī</span>ti cittiddhipādaṃ vadati. ‘‘Cittaṃ paññañca bhāvaya’’nti (saṃ. ni. 1.23, 192; peṭako. 22; mi. pa. 2.1.9) hi cittamukhena samādhi vuttoti samādhimukhena cittampi vattabbataṃ arahati. Cittiddhipādabhāvanāya pana samādhipi adhimatto hotīti vīmaṃsiddhipādādivacanaṃ viya cittiddhipādoti avatvā idha ‘‘cittasamādhī’’ti vuttaṃ. ‘‘Pītimanassa kāyo passambhati, passaddhakāyo sukhaṃ vedeti, sukhino cittaṃ samādhiyatī’’ti (dī. ni. 1.466; 3.359; saṃ. ni. 5.376; a. ni. 3.96; 11.12) vacanato samādhiupakārā <span class="bld">pītipassaddhiyo,</span> tasmā samādhiggahaṇena gahitā. Upekkhā pana samādhiupakārakato, taṃsadisakiccato ca. Tasmā samādhisīsena etesaṃ antogadhatā daṭṭhabbā.</p>
<p class="centered">Antogadhānaṃ pabhedavinicchayavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para565"></a><span class="paranum">565</span>. <span class="bld">Bhāro</span> <a name="M2.0220"></a> <span class="bld">viya dukkhasaccaṃ</span> vighātakattā, saṃharaṇīyavasena vihantabhāvatoti attho. <span class="bld">Bhārādānamiva</span> tattha tattha bhave uppajjanakavighātassa hetubhāvato. <span class="bld">Bhāranikkhepanamiva</span> pavattidukkhavūpasamabhāvato<a name="V2.0207"></a>. <span class="bld">Rogo viya, dubbhikkhamiva</span> ca bādhakattā. <span class="bld">Roganidānaṃ viya, dubbuṭṭhi viya</span> ca pabhavalakkhaṇattā. <span class="bld">Dubbuṭṭhī</span>ti ca avassanaṃ vā ativassanaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Rogavūpasamo viya, subhikkhamiva</span> ca santilakkhaṇattā, sukhabhāvato. ‘‘Nibbānaṃ paramaṃ sukha’’nti (dha. pa. 203-204) hi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhesajjamiva, suvuṭṭhi viya</span> ca dukkhassa hetupacchedato, tassa ca apagamūpāyabhāvato. Niyyānalakkhaṇañhi maggasaccaṃ. Aniṭṭhabhāvato, sāsaṅkasappaṭibhayato ca dukkhaṃ verivisarukkhabhayaorimatīrūpamaṃ. <span class="bld">Veraṃ</span> byāpādo, paccatthikabhāvo vā. <span class="bld">Verasamugghāto</span> veravūpasamo mettā. <span class="bld">Verasamugghātupāyo</span> saṅgahavatthūni.</p>
<p class="centered">Upamāto vinicchayavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para566"></a><span class="paranum">566</span>. <span class="bld">Esa nayo samudayādīsū</span>ti atthi cettha samudayo, na ariyasaccaṃ, atthi ariyasaccaṃ, na samudayo, atthi samudayo ceva ariyasaccañca, atthi neva samudayo na ariyasaccanti. Sesasaccadvayepi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Na ariyasaccaṃ</span> pariññeyyapahātabbāsaṅkhataniyyānabhāvābhāvato. <span class="bld">Itaraṃ pana ariyasaccadvaya</span>nti samudayamaggasaccadvayamāha. <span class="bld">Siyā dukkhaṃ</span> saṅkhāradukkhatāya. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘aniccato’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tathattenā</span>ti tathasabhāvena, pariññeyyabhāvenāti attho. Etena taṃ ariyasaccadvayaṃ ‘‘siyā dukkhaṃ, na ariyasaccaṃ, siyā ariyasaccaṃ, na dukkha’’nti imamatthaṃ dasseti. Ariyasaccasaddaparā hi dukkhādisaddā pariññeyyādibhāvaṃ vadanti. Teneva ariyasaccasaddānapekkhaṃ dukkhasaddaṃ sandhāya maggasampayuttasāmaññaphaladhammānaṃ ādipadasaṅgaho vutto, ariyasaccasaddāpekkhaṃ pana sandhāya catutthapadasaṅgaho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbākārenā</span>ti sabbappakārena. Yathā maggasampayuttadhammādayo ekaṅgavikalā, evaṃ ahutvā sabbaṅgayogena dukkhatāya ceva ariyasaccatāya cāti attho. ‘‘Upādānakkhandhapañcaka’’nti vutte taṇhāyapi saṅgaho siyāti taṃnivattanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘aññatra taṇhāyā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ tassā visuṃ ariyasaccabhāvato. Samudayādīsu avasesakilesādayo pabhavaṭṭhena samudayo, na ariyasaccaṃ suttantasaṃvaṇṇanā ayanti katvā<a name="M2.0221"></a>. Nirodho ariyasaccaṃ, na samudayo. Itaraṃ pana ariyasaccadvayaṃ siyā samudayo attano phalassa paccayaṭṭhena, na pana yassa pahānāya bhagavati brahmacariyaṃ vussati tathattena, sabbākārena pana taṇhāsamudayo ceva ariyasaccañca. Maggasampayuttadhammā, sāmaññaphalāni ca yassa pahānāya bhagavati brahmacariyaṃ vussati tathattena neva samudayo, na ariyasaccaṃ. Saṅkhāranirodho, nirodhasamāpatti ca nirodho, na ariyasaccaṃ. Samudayo <a name="V2.0208"></a> ariyasaccaṃ, na nirodho. Itaraṃ pana ariyasaccadvayaṃ siyā nirodho khaṇanirodhasabbhāvato, na pana yassa sacchikiriyāya bhagavati brahmacariyaṃ vussati tathattena. Sabbākārena pana asaṅkhatā dhātu nirodho ceva ariyasaccañca. Sesaṃ vuttanayameva. Ariyamaggato aññāni maggāni maggo, na ariyasaccaṃ. Nirodho ariyasaccaṃ, na maggo. Itaraṃ pana saccadvayaṃ siyā maggo bhavagāminipaṭipadābhāvato, na pana yassa bhāvanāya bhagavati brahmacariyaṃ vussati tathattena, sabbākārena pana nirodhagāminipaṭipadā maggo ceva ariyasaccañca. Sesaṃ vuttanayameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Catukkato vinicchayavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para567"></a><span class="paranum">567</span>. <span class="bld">Suññānī</span>ti vedakādīhi bāhirakaparikappitehīti adhippāyo. Dukkhañhi vedanīyampi santaṃ vedakarahitaṃ, kevalaṃ pana tasmiṃ attano paccayehi pavattamāne dukkhaṃ vedetīti vohāramattaṃ hoti. Esa nayo itaresupi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Dukkhamevā’’ti avadhāraṇena nivattitamatthaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘na koci dukkhito’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Kiriyāva vijjatī</span>ti samudayasaccaṃ sandhāya vadati. Purimasaccadvayassa vipākavaṭṭakammavaṭṭasaṅgahato kārakassa vā dukkhasaccasabhāvamāha. Kātabbāpi hi kiriyā kārakarahitā kevalaṃ attano paccayehi tāya pavattamānāya dukkhasaññite dhammappabandhe kiriyaṃ karotīti vohāramattaṃ hoti. Nibbutagamakesupi eseva nayo. ‘‘Maggo atthī’’ti vattabbe <span class="bld">‘‘maggamatthī’’</span>ti okārassa abhāvo katoti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Gamako</span>ti nibbutiṃ gantā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kilesāsucipaggharaṇaṭṭhena sāsavatā <span class="bld">asubhatā</span>ti katvā anāsavattā nirodhamaggā subhā eva. Dukkhādīnaṃ pariyāyena samudayādibhāvo ca atthi<a name="M2.0222"></a>, na pana nirodhabhāvo, nirodhassa vā na dukkhādibhāvoti nirodhāvasesattayānaṃ na aññamaññasamaṅgitāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘nirodhasuññāni vā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samudaye dukkhassābhāvato</span>ti ponobhavikāya taṇhāya punabbhavassa abhāvato. Yathā vā pakativādīnaṃ vikārā avikāribhāvato, pubbe patipalīnā ca pakatibhāveneva tiṭṭhanti, na evaṃ samudayasampayuttampi dukkhaṃ samudayabhāvena tiṭṭhatīti āha ‘‘samudaye dukkhassābhāvato’’ti<a name="V2.0209"></a>. Magge ca nirodhassa abhāvatoti sambandho. Yathā avibhattehi vikārehi mahāhaṅkāratammattavisesindriyabhūtavisesehi pakatibhāveneva ṭhitehi pakati sagabbhā icchitā pakativādīhi, evaṃ na phalena sagabbho hetūti attho. <span class="bld">‘‘Dukkhasamudayānaṃ nirodhamaggānañca asamavāyā’’</span>ti etaṃ vivaranto āha <span class="bld">‘‘na hetusamavetaṃ hetuphala’’</span>ntiādi. Tattha ‘‘idha tantūsu paṭo, kapālesu ghaṭo, bīraṇesu kaṭo dvīsu aṇūsu dviaṇuka’’ntiādinā idha vuddhivohārajanako avisuṃ siddhānaṃ sambandho samavāyo, tena samavāyena kāraṇesu dvīsu aṇūsu dviaṇukaṃ phalaṃ samavetaṃ ekībhūtamiva sambaddhaṃ, tīsu aṇūsu tiaṇukanti evaṃ mahāpathavīmahāudakamahāaggimahāvātakkhandhapariyantaṃ phalaṃ attano kāraṇesu samavetanti <span class="bld">samavāyavādino</span> vadanti. Evaṃ pana vadantehi aparimāṇesu kāraṇesu mahāparimāṇaṃ ekaṃ phalaṃ samavetaṃ attano antogadhehi kāraṇehi sagabbhaṃ asuññanti vuttaṃ hoti. Evamidha samavāyābhāvā phale hetu natthīti hetusuññaṃ phalanti attho.</p>
<p class="centered">Suññato vinicchayavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti magganiddesakathāvaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Ekavidhādivinicchayakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para568"></a><span class="paranum">568</span>. <span class="bld">Pavattibhāvato</span>ti saṃsārassa pavattibhāvato. <span class="bld">Catuāhārabhedato</span>ti catuāhārappaccayavisesato. Etena cattāro kabaḷīkārādiāhāravisese, ajjhoharaṇīyavatthu, saḷāyatana, avijjā, abhisaṅkhārasaṅkhāte tappaccayabhūtadhammavisese ca saṅgaṇhāti<a name="M2.0223"></a>, ojaṭṭhamakarūpa, vedanā, paṭisandhiviññāṇa, nāmarūpasaṅkhāte tannibbattadhammavisese ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pavattakabhāvato</span> pavattidukkhassa. <span class="bld">Rūpābhinandanādibhedo</span> rūpakkhandhādiabhinandanabhedo, rūpārammaṇādivasenāpīti vadanti. Rūpataṇhādīnaṃ paccekaṃ anekabhedattā <span class="bld">cha taṇhākāyā,</span> tesaṃ <span class="bld">bhedato</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Upādānehi upādīyatīti upādi, upādānakkhandhapañcakaṃ. Tannissaraṇabhūtaṃ nibbānaṃ, tassa vūpasamo taṃsantīti katvā tassa yāva pacchimaṃ cittaṃ, tāva sesataṃ, tato paraṃ anavasesatañca <a name="V2.0210"></a> upādāya <span class="bld">saupādisesanibbānadhātu, nirupādisesanibbānadhātū</span>ti dvidhā voharīyati. Yathā cāyaṃ bhedo vohārato, evamitarepīti te katipaye dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tividho’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Aññathā ekassa sato nibbānassa kuto bhedoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samathavipassanābhedato</span>ti ettha sammādiṭṭhisammāsaṅkappā vipassanā, itare samathāti vadanti. Sīlampi hi samathassa upakārakattā samathaggahaṇena gayhatīti tesaṃ adhippāyo. Atha vā yānadvayassa vasena laddho maggo samatho vipassanāti āgamanavasena vuttoti daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Aya</span>nti ariyamaggo. <span class="bld">Sappadesattā</span>ti sīlakkhandhādīnaṃ ekadesattāti attho. Ekadeso hi padissati avayavabhāvena apadisīyatīti padeso, attano samudāyaṃ pati saha padesenāti <span class="bld">sappadeso</span>ti vuccati yathā ‘‘sanidassanā dhammā’’ti (dha. sa. dukamātikā 9), sīlakkhandhādayo ca sabbalokiyalokuttarasīlādisaṅgāhakā, ariyamaggo lokuttaro evāti tadekadeso hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sajātito</span>ti samānajātito, vacīduccaritaviratiādibhedesu samānāya sīlajātiyāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Onatasahāyo viya vāyāmo</span> paggahakiccasāmaññato. <span class="bld">Aṃsakūṭaṃ datvā ṭhitasahāyo viya sati</span> apilāpanavasena niccalabhāvakaraṇasāmaññato. <span class="bld">Sajātito</span>ti savitakkasavicārādibhedesu samānāya samādhijātiyāti attho. <span class="bld">Kiriyato</span>ti samādhianurūpakiriyato. Tato eva hi ‘‘cattāro satipaṭṭhānā samādhinimittā, cattāro sammappadhānā <a name="M2.0224"></a> samādhiparikkhārā’’ti (ma. ni. 1.46) sativāyāmānaṃ samādhissa nimittaparikkhārabhāvo vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ākoṭentena viyā</span>ti ‘‘aniccaṃ anicca’’ntiādinā paññākiccasadisena kiccena samantato koṭentena viya, ‘‘aniccaṃ khayaṭṭhena, dukkhaṃ bhayaṭṭhenā’’tiādinā (paṭi. ma. 1.48) <span class="bld">parivattentena</span> viya ca ādāya ūhitvā dinnameva paññā paṭivijjhati. Dvinnaṃ samānakālattepi paccayabhāvena sammāsaṅkappassa purimakālassa viya niddeso kato. <span class="bld">Sajātito</span>ti ‘‘dukkhe ñāṇa’’ntiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 5.8) samānāya paññājātiyā. <span class="bld">Kiriyato</span>ti ettha paññāsadisaṃ kiccaṃ ‘‘kiriyā’’ti vuttaṃ, pubbe pana samādhiupakārakaṃ tadanurūpakiccanti ayamettha viseso.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Sabbaṃ<a name="V2.0211"></a>, bhikkhave, abhiññeyya’’nti (saṃ. ni. 4.46) vacanato cattāripi abhimukhaṃ paccakkhato ñātabbāni, abhivisiṭṭhena vā ñāṇena ñātabbānīti <span class="bld">abhiññeyyāni</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para569"></a><span class="paranum">569</span>. <span class="bld">Aññamaññaṃ sabhāgānī</span>ti aññamaññasamānabhāgāni, sadisarūpānīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Durabhisambhavatara</span>nti abhisambhavituṃ sādhetuṃ asakkuṇeyyataraṃ, sattivighātena duradhigamanti attho. <span class="bld">Asana</span>nti kaṇḍaṃ. <span class="bld">Atipāteyyā</span>ti khipeyya. <span class="bld">Koṭiyā</span>ti kaṇḍassa koṭiyā vālaggena. <span class="bld">Koṭi</span>nti vālasseva koṭiṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭivijjheyyā</span>ti paṭimukhabhāvena vijjheyya.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bādhakapabhavasantiniyyānalakkhaṇehi vavatthānaṃ <span class="bld">salakkhaṇavavatthānaṃ. Duravagāhatthena gambhīrattā</span>ti oḷārikā dukkhasamudayā. Tiracchānagatānampi hi dukkhaṃ, āhārādīsu ca abhilāso pākaṭo. Pīḷanādiāyūhanādivasena pana ‘‘idaṃ dukkhaṃ, idamassa kāraṇa’’nti yāthāvato ogāhituṃ asakkuṇeyyattā <span class="bld">gambhīrā</span>. Saṇhasukhumadhammattā nirodhamaggā sabhāvato eva <span class="bld">gambhīraṭṭhena duravagāhā</span>. Teneva uppanne magge natthi nirodhamaggānaṃ anavagāhoti. Nibbānampi maggena adhigantabbattā tassa phalanti apadisīyatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘phalāpadesato’’</span>ti. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘dukkhanirodhe ñāṇaṃ atthapaṭisambhidā’’ti (vibha. 719). Maggopi nirodhassa sampāpakabhāvato ‘‘hetū’’ti <a name="M2.0225"></a> apadisīyatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘hetuapadesato’’</span>ti. Vuttampi cetaṃ ‘‘dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ñāṇaṃ dhammapaṭisambhidā’’ti (vibha. 719).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Iti evaṃ pakārehī</span>ti iti vijaññāti sambandho. Tattha itisaddena vijānanakkamaṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Evaṃ pakārehī</span>ti evaṃ-saddena vijānanakāraṇabhūtena eva.</p>
<p class="centered">Sabhāgavisabhāgatovinicchayavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Indriyasaccaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti soḷasamaparicchedavaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="chapter">17. Paññābhūminiddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">Paṭiccasamuppādakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para570"></a><span class="paranum">570</span>. <span class="bld">Imissā</span> <a name="M2.0226"></a><a name="V2.0212"></a> <span class="bld">paññāyā</span>ti imissā yathādhigatāya vipassanāya. <span class="bld">Bhūmibhūtesū</span>ti pavattiṭṭhānabhūtesu. Kāmañcāyaṃ paṭiccasamuppādapaṭiccasamuppannasamaññā pitāputtasamaññā viya apekkhāsiddhā, hetuphaladhammesu pana yathākkamaṃ vavatthitāvāti <span class="bld">‘‘paṭiccasamuppādo cevā’’</span>tiādinā vibhajja vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ādisaddenā</span>ti ‘‘paṭiccasamuppādādibhedā’’ti ettha vuttaādisaddena. <span class="bld">Avasesā honti,</span> saṃvaṇṇanāvasenāti adhippāyo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tesaṃ vaṇṇanākkamo anuppatto’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Avijjādayo dhammā paṭiccasamuppādo,</span> na samuppattimattaṃ. Svāyamattho iminā suttapadena veditabboti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘vuttañheta’’</span>ntiādiṃ vatvā paṭiccasamuppanne pana dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘jarāmaraṇādayo panā’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Kasmā panettha anulomato paṭiccasamuppādadhammā dassitā, paṭilomato paṭiccasamuppannā dhammāti? Yato te paccayato uppannā, tassa samanantaradassanatthaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Na niccaṃ na sassatanti <span class="bld">aniccaṃ</span>. Samecca sambhūya paccayehi katanti <span class="bld">saṅkhataṃ</span>. Paṭicca paccayārahaṃ paccayaṃ nissāya sahitameva uppannanti <span class="bld">paṭiccasamuppannaṃ</span>. Khayanasabhāvaṃ <span class="bld">khayadhammaṃ</span>. Vayanasabhāvaṃ <span class="bld">vayadhammaṃ</span>. Virajjanasabhāvaṃ palujjanasabhāvaṃ <span class="bld">virāgadhammaṃ</span>. Nirujjhanasabhāvaṃ <span class="bld">nirodhadhammaṃ</span>. Sesaṃ yadettha vattabbaṃ, taṃ parato āvi bhavissati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para571"></a><span class="paranum">571</span>. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti etesu yathāvuttesu suttapadesu. <span class="bld">Saṅkhepo</span>ti atthasaṅkhepo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Jātipaccayā</span>ti jātisaṅkhātā paccayā. Hetumhi nissakkavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ṭhitāva sā dhātū</span>ti yāyaṃ jarāmaraṇassa idappaccayatā ‘‘jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇa’’nti, esā dhātu esa sabhāvo. Sā <a name="V2.0213"></a> tathāgatānaṃ uppādato pubbe, uddhañca aviññāyamāno, majjhe ca viññāyamāno, na tathāgatehi uppādito, atha kho sambhavantassa jarāmaraṇassa sabbakālaṃ jātipaccayato sambhavoti ṭhitā eva. Kevalaṃ pana sayambhūñāṇena <a name="M2.0227"></a> abhisambujjhanato, ‘‘ayaṃ dhammo tathāgatena adhigato’’ti pavedanato ca tathāgato ‘‘dhammassāmī’’ti vuccati na apubbassa uppādanato. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘ṭhitāva sā dhātū’’ti. Sā eva <span class="bld">jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇa</span>nti ettha vipallāsābhāvato evaṃ avabujjhamānassa etassa sabhāvassa, hetuno vā tatheva bhāvato ṭhitatāti <span class="bld">dhammaṭṭhitatā</span>. Jāti vā jarāmaraṇassa uppādaṭṭhiti pavattaāyūhanasaṃyogapalibodhasamudayahetupaccayaṭṭhitīti taduppādādibhāvenassā ṭhitatā <span class="bld">‘‘dhammaṭṭhitatā’’</span>ti phalaṃ patisāmatthiyato hetumeva vadati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha vā dhārīyati paccayehīti dhammo, tiṭṭhati tattha tadāyattavuttitāya phalanti ṭhiti, dhammassa ṭhiti <span class="bld">dhammaṭṭhiti. Dhammo</span>ti vā kāraṇaṃ, paccayoti attho. Dhammassa ṭhitisabhāvo, dhammato ca añño sabhāvo natthīti <span class="bld">dhammaṭṭhiti,</span> paccayo. Tenāha ‘‘paccayapariggahe paññā dhammaṭṭhitiñāṇa’’nti (paṭi. ma. 1.45). Dhammaṭṭhiti eva <span class="bld">dhammaṭṭhitatā</span>. Sā eva dhātu ‘‘jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇa’’nti imassa sabhāvassa, hetuno vā aññathattābhāvato ‘‘na jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇa’’nti viññāyamānassa tabbhāvābhāvato niyāmatā vavatthitabhāvoti <span class="bld">dhammaniyāmatā</span>. Phalassa vā jarāmaraṇassa jātiyā sati sambhavo dhamme hetumhi ṭhitatāti <span class="bld">dhammaṭṭhitatā</span>. Asati asambhavo dhamme niyatatāti <span class="bld">dhammaniyāmatā</span>ti evaṃ phalena hetuṃ vibhāveti. <span class="bld">Taṃ</span> ‘‘ṭhitāva sā dhātū’’tiādinā (saṃ. ni. 2.20) vuttaṃ idappaccayataṃ <span class="bld">abhisambujjhati</span> paccakkhakaraṇena abhimukhaṃ bujjhati yāthāvato paṭivijjhati. <span class="bld">Abhisametī</span>ti tassa vevacanaṃ. Ādito kathento <span class="bld">ācikkhati,</span> uddisatīti attho. Tameva uddesaṃ pariyosāpento <span class="bld">deseti</span>. Yathāuddiṭṭhamatthaṃ niddisanavasena pakārehi ñāpentā <span class="bld">paññapeti</span>. Pakārehiyeva patiṭṭhapento <span class="bld">paṭṭhapeti</span>. Yathāniddiṭṭhamatthaṃ paṭiniddisanavasena <span class="bld">vivarati vibhajati,</span> vivaṭañhi vibhattañca atthaṃ hetudhāraṇadassanehi pākaṭaṃ karonto <span class="bld">uttānīkaroti</span>. Uttānīkaronto tathāpaccakkhabhūtaṃ katvā nigamanavasena <span class="bld">passathāti cāha</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para572"></a><span class="paranum">572</span>. <span class="bld">Paccayalakkhaṇo</span>ti paccayabhāvalakkhaṇo, paccayoti vā lakkhitabbo. Pavattidukkhassa <a name="V2.0214"></a> anubandhāpanakiccatāya <span class="bld">dukkhānubandhanaraso</span>. Nibbānagāmimaggassa uppathabhāvato <span class="bld">kummaggapaccupaṭṭhāno</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">So</span> <a name="M2.0228"></a> <span class="bld">panāyaṃ</span> paṭiccasamuppādo. Yāvattakehi paccayehi yaṃ phalaṃ uppajjanārahaṃ, avikaleheva tehi tassa uppatti, tadaññena ca tassa payojanaṃ natthīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘anūnādhikehevā’’</span>ti. Yathā taṃ cakkhurūpālokamanasikārehi cakkhuviññāṇassa, etena taṃtaṃphalanipphādanena tassā paccayasāmaggiyā tapparatā <span class="bld">tathatā</span>ti dasseti. <span class="bld">Sāmaggi</span>nti samodhānaṃ, samavāyanti attho. <span class="bld">Asambhavābhāvato</span>ti anuppajjanassa abhāvato. Paccayasāmaggiyañhi sati anuppajjane tassā vitathatā siyā. <span class="bld">Aññadhammappaccayehī</span>ti aññassa phaladhammassa paccayehi. <span class="bld">Aññadhammānuppattito</span>ti tato aññassa phaladhammassa anuppajjanato. Na hi kadāci cakkhurūpālokamanasikārehi sotaviññāṇassa sambhavo atthi, yadi siyā, tassā sāmaggiyā aññathatā nāma siyā, na cetaṃ atthīti <span class="bld">‘‘anaññathatā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Paccayato</span>ti paccayabhāvato. <span class="bld">Paccayasamūhato</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para573"></a><span class="paranum">573</span>. <span class="bld">Idappaccayā eva idappaccayatā</span>ti <span class="bld">tā</span>-saddena padaṃ vaḍḍhitaṃ, na kiñci atthantaraṃ yathā devo eva devatāti. <span class="bld">Idappaccayānaṃ vā samūho idappaccayatā</span>ti samūhatthaṃ <span class="bld">tā</span>-saddamāha yathā ‘‘janānaṃ samūho janatā’’ti. Nanu ca ‘‘atthi idappaccayā jarāmaraṇanti iti puṭṭhena satā, ānanda, atthītissa vacanīyaṃ. Kiṃ paccayā jarāmaraṇanti iti ce vadeyya, jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇanti iccassa vacanīya’’nti (dī. ni. 2.96) jātisaddapaccayasaddasamānādhikaraṇena kiṃ-saddena idaṃsaddassa samānādhikaraṇatādassanato idappaccayasaddassa kammadhārayasamāso dissati, na hettha ‘‘imassa paccayā idappaccayā’’ti jarāmaraṇassa, aññassa vā paccayato jarāmaraṇasambhavapucchā sambhavati viditabhāvato, asambhavato ca, jarāmaraṇassa pana paccayapucchā sambhavati. Paccaya-saddena ca samānādhikaraṇatāya idaṃ-saddassa imasmā paccayāti paccayapucchā yujjati. Sā ca samānādhikaraṇatā bāhiratthasamāsepi labbhati. Tato ca aññapadatthavacanicchābhāve kammadhārayasamāso labbhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sāmivacanasamāse pana samānādhikaraṇatā natthīti na kathañci kammadhārayasamāsasambhavoti? Nayidamevaṃ vacanicchantarabhāvato. Paṭiccasamuppādavacanicchā hesā ‘‘idappaccayatā <a name="V2.0215"></a> paṭiccasamuppādo’’ti ettha. ‘‘Atthi idappaccayā <a name="M2.0229"></a> jarāmaraṇa’’nti ettha pana jarāmaraṇassa paccayamattaparipucchā, tasmā yathā idaṃ-saddassa paṭiccasamuppādavisesanatā, pucchitabbapaccayavisesanatā ca hoti, tathā samāsavikappo ettha, tattha ca kātabboti na samāsantaradassanaṃ sāmivacanasamāsabādhakaṃ. Kasmā panetthāpi kammadhārayasamāso na icchitoti? Hetuppabhavānaṃ hetu paṭiccasamuppādoti imassatthassa kammadhārayasamāse asambhavato, ‘‘imassa attano paccayānurūpassa anurūpo paccayo idappaccayo’’ti imassa ca atthassa icchitattā. Yo panettha idaṃ-saddena gahito attho, so ‘‘atthi idappaccayā jarāmaraṇa’’nti ettha jarāmaraṇaggahaṇeneva gahitoti idaṃ-saddo paṭiccasamuppannato abhassitvā aññāsambhavato paccaye avatiṭṭhati, tasmā tattha kammadhārayasamāso. Ettha pana idaṃ-saddassa tato pariccajanakāraṇaṃ natthīti sāmivacanasamāso eva. Evampi na idappaccayo eva idappaccayabhāvo bhavituṃ yuttoti idappaccayatāya paṭiccasamuppādatānupapattīti? Nāyaṃ doso atthantarābhāvatoti vuttovāyamattho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha vā pana hotu idappaccayabhāvo idappaccayatāti. <span class="bld">Bhāvo</span>ti cettha avinābhāviphalaṃ pati hetuno satvaṃ. Tathā hi idappaccaya-saddo jātiādīsu niruḷho. Tañca idappaccayasatvaṃ idappaccayato aññaṃ natthi. Yadi aññaṃ siyā, taṃ avijjamānaṃ siyā. Na hi satā aññaṃ vijjamānaṃ hoti. Atha satvaṃ saṃ nāma, yassa sato bhāvo, taṃ asaṃ nāma siyā. Na hi taṃ satvaṃ sabhāvaṃ satvato aññattā, tasmā sato bhāvo satvanti niddeso na yujjati. Na ca saṃ-sambandhena asaṃ saṃ nāma hoti, pageva saṃ-sambandhena. Asati ca saditiggahaṇaṃ viparītaggāhoti na gahaṇato saṃsiddhi. Sadisakappanāyañca māṇavakassa sīhabhāvo viya na asato saṃ-sabhāvatā. Yasmā pana idappaccayabhāvo yathāvuttaṃ satvaṃ, na asatvaṃ. Nāpi yassa taṃ satvaṃ, tadasaṃ, tasmā idappaccayabhāvo idappaccayasarūpaṃ sabhāvantarehi vinivattabhāvadassanatthaṃ imassāyanti visesetvā idappaccayatāti vuttanti na idappaccayatāya paṭiccasamuppādabhāvāsambhavo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paṭicca samuppajjati etasmāti paṭiccasamuppādoti tassāpi hetuatthabhāvato jātiādipadānaṃ evameva hetubhāvavācakatāya hetupadhānatā yojetabbā hetuppabhavānaṃ hetu paṭiccasamuppādoti katvā<a name="M2.0230"></a>. Tathā hi ‘‘dasabalasamannāgato, bhikkhave, tathāgato catūhi vesārajjehi <a name="V2.0216"></a> samannāgato āsabhaṃ ṭhānaṃ paṭijānāti, parisāsu sīhanādaṃ nadati, brahmacakkaṃ pavatteti, imasmiṃ sati idaṃ hoti yāva ‘evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hotī’’’ti (saṃ. ni. 2.21-22) anena <span class="bld">sīhanādasuttena</span> pakāsito evamattho. ‘‘Kiṃ vādī panāyasmato satthā kimakkhāyī’’ti puṭṭhena āyasmatā <span class="bld">assaji</span>ttherena –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Ye dhammā hetuppabhavā, tesaṃ hetuṃ tathāgato āha;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tesañca yo nirodho, evaṃvādī mahāsamaṇo’’ti. (mahāva. 60; apa. thera 1.1.286) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Vutto. Tena viññāyati hetuppabhavānaṃ hetu paṭiccasamuppādoti. Sesamettha vattabbaṃ parato āvi bhavissati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para574"></a><span class="paranum">574</span>. <span class="bld">Paṭiccā</span>ti taṃ taṃ kāraṇaṃ nissāya. <span class="bld">Sammā</span>ti aviparītaṃ aniccato aniccassa uppādoti katvā. Niccato hi kāraṇato phalassa uppādo viparīto. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘titthiya…pe… nirapekkho’’</span>ti. ‘‘Uppādo paññāyatī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 3.38; a. ni. 3.47; kathā. 214) evaṃ vuttasaṅkhatalakkhaṇato añño ‘‘paccayato khaṇato’’ti ettha vuttapaccayalakkhaṇo eko ākāro uppādoti tesaṃ adhippāyo. Yaṃ sandhāya te ‘‘jātiādīnaṃ hetavo jātiādayo’’ti vadanti, taṃ tesaṃ matimattaṃ, nibbattilakkhaṇavinimuttassa tādisassa kassaci abhāvato. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘taṃ na yujjatī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Gambhīranayāsambhavato</span>ti gambhīrānaṃ nayānañca asambhavato. <span class="bld">Saddabhedato</span>ti saddavināsato saddāyogato. <span class="bld">Suttaṃ natthi</span> ‘‘paṭiccasamuppādaṃ vo, bhikkhave, desessāmī’’tiādisuttapadehi (saṃ. ni. 2.1, 20) uppādamattassa appakāsitattā. Ayameva hi attho heṭṭhā dassito idānipi dassīyati. <span class="bld">Taṃ</span> uppādamattaṃ. <span class="bld">Viharāmi</span> tasmiṃ paṭhamābhisambuddhakāleti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Viharāmī</span>ti vā kālavipallāsena vuttaṃ, vihāsinti attho. <span class="bld">Tatrā</span>ti tasmiṃ padesavihāre. <span class="bld">Paccayākāradassanenā</span>ti yenākārena paccayadhammo paccayuppannassa paccayo hoti, so paccayākāro paccayabhāvo, tassa dassanena. Idha pana vedanānaṃ paccayabhāvo adhippeto. Tenāha <a name="M2.0231"></a> <span class="bld">‘‘micchādiṭṭhipaccayāpi vedayita’’</span>ntiādi. Vedanānaṃyeva hi paccayaṃ passantena vuttavihāro paṭiccasamuppādassa ekadesameva passato vihāroti <a name="V2.0217"></a> katvā padesavihāro jāto, anantanayasamantapaṭṭhānamanasikāro paṭhamābhisambuddhavihāro. Tañhi nippadesato paccayākāradassananti eke. <span class="bld">Padesavihārasuttavirodho āpajjati</span> tassa vedanānaṃ paccayadhammamanasikāravibhāvanato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Loko samudeti etasmāti <span class="bld">lokasamudayo,</span> avijjādiko paccayagaṇo, na lokasamudayamattaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘anulomapaṭiccasamuppādo’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Natthitā</span>ti sabbaso abhāvo, naranvayavināso ucchedoti attho. Natthitāsahacaraṇato pana ucchedadiṭṭhi natthitāti adhippetā. <span class="bld">Paccayānuparamo</span> paccayānaṃ avicchedo. Yathā hi atītahetupañcakasannissayena etarahiphalapañcakaṃ viya hetupañcakampi hoti, evaṃ etarahihetupañcakasannissayena āyatiṃphalapañcakampi bhavissati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘paccayānuparame phalānuparamato’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Taṃ</span> gambhīrattaṃ <span class="bld">uppādamatte natthi</span> asabhāvadhammattā. Ekattanayādayo nayā sabhāvadhammesu labbhamānato uppādamatte kathañcipi na labbheyyunti āha <span class="bld">‘‘nayacatukkaṃ uppādamatte natthī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para575"></a><span class="paranum">575</span>. <span class="bld">Samāne kattarī</span>ti ekasmiṃyeva kattari uppajjanakiriyāya yo kattā, tasmiṃyeva paccayanakiriyāya ca kattubhūteti attho. Yathā ‘‘nhatvā bhuñjati, bhutvā sayatī’’ti. <span class="bld">‘‘Pubbakāle’’</span>ti idañca tvāsaddantānaṃ padānaṃ yebhuyyena purimakālakiriyāya dīpanato vuttaṃ, na idha paṭiccasaddassa purimakālatthattā. Evañhi ‘‘cakkhuṃ paṭiccā’’ti nidassanavacanaṃ nidassitabbena saṃsandeyya. Atha vā kāmañcettha ubhinnaṃ kiriyānaṃ samakālatā uppajjanakiriyāya pubbe paccayanakiriyāya asambhavato, tathāpi phalakiriyāya hetukiriyā purimakālo viya voharituṃ yuttā. Evamettha hetuphalavavatthānaṃ supākaṭaṃ hotīti upacārasiddhaṃ purimakālaṃ gahetvā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pubbakāle’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Atthasiddhikaro</span>ti vākyatthapaṭiviññattikaro. Paṭiccasamuppādoti hi ettha vākyatthāvabodho idha atthasiddhīti adhippeto. <span class="bld">Payujjamāno</span> paṭiccasaddo uppādasaddena vuccamānassa <a name="M2.0232"></a> samānassa ‘‘kattu abhāvato’’ti padaṃ ānetvā yojetabbaṃ. Ayañhettha attho ‘‘cakkhuñca paṭicca rūpe ca uppajjati cakkhuviññāṇa’’ntiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.204, 400; 3.421, 425-426; saṃ. ni. 2.43-44; 2.4.60; kathā. 465) paccayanakiriyāya, uppajjanakiriyāya ca viññāṇameva kattāti samānakattukatā labbhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Paṭiccasamuppādo’’ti <a name="V2.0218"></a> ettha pana uppādasaddassa bhāvasādhanatāya kiriyāva vuttāti samānakattulakkhaṇo saddappayogo na sambhavatīti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘saddabhedaṃ gacchatī’’</span>ti, apasaddappayogo hotīti attho. Na cettha parāvarayogo (pāṇinī 3.4.20) ‘‘appatvā nadiṃ pabbato, atikkamma pabbataṃ nadī’’tiādīsu viya, nāpi lakkhaṇahetuādipayogo ‘‘sīhaṃ disvā bhayaṃ hoti, ghataṃ pivitvā balaṃ jāyate, ‘dha’nti katvā daṇḍo patito’’tiādīsu viya. Nevettha saddabhedo. Na hi hatthatale āmalakaṃ viya sabbaññeyyaṃ paccakkhaṃ katvā ṭhitānaṃ mahesīnaṃ vacane akkharacintakānaṃ vippalāpo avasaraṃ labhati. Labhatu, vākyatthena saddasiddhito ‘‘nhatvā gamanaṃ, bhutvā sayana’’ntiādīsu viyāti. Evampi na ca kiñci atthaṃ sādheti. Yadipi paccekaṃ padattho labbhati, vākyattho pana na yujjati, tasmā dasadāḷimādivākyāni viya asambandhatthatāya niratthakaṃ hotīti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nāmapade vutte appayuttānipi ‘‘atthi, hoti, vijjatī’’ti evarūpāni kiriyāpadāni ānetvā sambandhitabbānīti ñāyaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘hotisaddena saddhiṃ yojayissāmā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Imesū</span>ti yathāvuttesu desanāpaṭiññāpucchānigamanavasena vuttesu paṭiccasamuppādapadesu. Nidassanamattañcetaṃ, aññesupi ‘‘paṭiccasamuppādameva sādhukaṃ yoniso manasi kāroti. Yadidaṃ idappaccayatā paṭiccasamuppādo (dī. ni. 2.67; ma. ni. 2.337; sa. ni. 1.172; mahāva. 7). Gambhīro cāyaṃ, ānanda, paṭiccasamuppādo’’ti (dī. ni. 2.95; saṃ. ni. 2.60) evamādīsupi ekenapi saddhiṃ hoti-saddo sambandhaṃ na gacchati. <span class="bld">Yogaṃ na gacchati</span> tathā sambandhavasena avuttattā. <span class="bld">‘‘Na ca uppādo hotī’’</span>ti idaṃ asabhāvadhammattā uppādassa nibbattilakkhaṇāyogaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Yathā hi vināsassa vināso natthi, evaṃ uppādassa vināso viya uppādopi natthi. Yadi siyā, yena uppādena uppādo uppādavā, sopi uppādavāti <a name="M2.0233"></a> anavaṭṭhānameva āpajjeyyāti vuttovāyamattho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sace heyyā’’</span>tiādi. Yadi evaṃ, kathaṃ samudayo hotīti? Nāyaṃ doso nibbattiyā anadhippetattā. Evaṃ dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo pātubhāvo sambhavatīti ayañhettha attho, idha pana paṭiccasamuppādo hotīti tassa atthibhāvacodanāti katvā hoti, jāyatīti nibbatticodanā katā siyāti adhippāyena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘na uppādo hotī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para576"></a><span class="paranum">576</span>. Imesaṃ saṅkhārādīnaṃ paccayā idappaccayā, avijjādayo, tesaṃ bhāvo <span class="bld">idappaccayatā</span><a name="V2.0219"></a>. Ko pana so bhāvoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘bhāvo ca nāmā’’</span>tiādi. Tassattho – yenākārena avijjādayo saṅkhārādipātubhāvahetū honti, tasmiṃ avijjādīnaṃ pavattiākāravisese vikāre paṭiccasamuppādoti ayaṃ samaññāti. <span class="bld">Tesaṃ</span> vādīnaṃ <span class="bld">taṃ</span> maññanaṃ. <span class="bld">Hetuvacanato</span>ti hetubhāvavacanato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para577"></a><span class="paranum">577</span>. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti paṭiccasamuppādapade. Samuppādapadhānavacanaviññeyyo sasattiko hetu paṭiccasamuppādoti aviparītaṃ atthaṃ ajānantānaṃ aññattha samuppādasaddassa bhāvasādhanassa dassanato tathā idhāpi <span class="bld">byañjanacchāyāya uppādoyevāyaṃ</span> vutto, na hetūti yā <span class="bld">saññā uppajjati, sā imassa</span> paṭiccasamuppādapadassa evaṃ idāni vuccamānākārena atthaṃ gahetvā vūpasametabbā vinodetabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dvedhā</span>ti gāthāya ayaṃ saṅkhepattho – yasmā attano paccayavasena pavatto paccayuppannadhammasamūho paccetabbato paṭicco ca so saha uppajjanato samuppādo ca, paṭicca vā kāraṇasāmaggiṃ apaccakkhāya saha uppajjanato evāti ca evaṃ dvedhā ‘‘paṭiccasamuppādo’’ti idaṃ vacanaṃ icchitabbaṃ, tasmā tassa paccayadhammopi phalūpacārena paṭiccasamuppādo icceva vuttoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paccayatāyā</span>ti paccayasamūhato. <span class="bld">Pavatto</span>ti nibbatto. <span class="bld">Dhammasamūho</span>ti paccayuppannadhammapuñjo. <span class="bld">Patīyamāno</span>ti ñāṇagatiyā abhimukhaṃ upeyamāno, abhisamiyamānoti attho. <span class="bld">Hitāya sukhāya cā</span>ti lokuttarahitāya, lokuttarasukhāya ca. <span class="bld">Saha uppajjati</span> ekekassa kadācipi <a name="M2.0234"></a> uppattiyā abhāvato. <span class="bld">Sammā uppajjati</span> ahetuto, visamahetuto ca anuppajjanato. <span class="bld">Saha uppajjatī</span>ti ekajjhaṃ uppajjati antamaso aṭṭhannaṃ dhammānaṃ uppajjanato. <span class="bld">Na paccakkhāyā</span>ti apaṭikkhipitvā, attano paccayabhūtadhammasamudāyena kenaci na vināti attho. <span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti yvāyaṃ ‘‘paṭiccasamuppādo’’ti vutto paccayuppannadhammasamūho, tassa ayaṃ avijjādiko hetusamūho. <span class="bld">‘‘Tappaccayattā’’</span>ti etena paṭiccasamuppādapaccaye paṭicca samuppādasamaññāti dasseti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yathā loke’’</span>tiādi. Yathā hi loke ‘‘pittaṃ mathitaṃ, sūrā dadhi, tipusaṃ jaro, semho guḷo, āyu ghata’’nti ca paccayo phalavohārena vuccati, evaṃ phalūpacārena paṭiccasamuppādo vuttoti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para578"></a><span class="paranum">578</span>. Paṭicca-sadde <a name="V2.0220"></a> paṭi-saddo abhimukhattho, icca-saddo gammatthoti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘paṭimukhamito’’</span>ti. Kassa pana paṭimukhaṃ, kena vā ito, ko vā itoti codanattaye pacchimaṃ vissajjento <span class="bld">‘‘hetusamūho’’</span>ti āha. Tasmiñhi vissaṭṭhe hetusamūho nāma paccayasāmaggīti tattha aññamaññassa paṭimukhaṃ, aññamaññeneva ca itoti vissaṭṭhovāyamattho hotīti. <span class="bld">Sahite</span>ti samudite avinibbhutte. <span class="bld">So</span>ti hetusamūho. Samuppādo iti vuttoti yojanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pātubhāvāyā</span>ti uppādāya. Kāmaṃ <span class="bld">pāḷiyaṃ</span> ‘‘avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā’’ti (saṃ. ni. 2.1; udā. 1; mahāva. 1; netti. 24; vibha. 225) avijjāva paccayabhāvena vuttā, tathāpi na avijjā ekāva paccayo hoti, atha kho sahajātadhammavatthuārammaṇādayo, yonisomanasikārādayo, taṇhupādānādayo ca dhammā yathārahaṃ saṅkhāruppādane avijjāya sahakārīkāraṇaṃ hontiyeva. Evaṃ saṅkhārādayopi viññāṇādīnanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘avijjādiekekahetusīsena niddiṭṭho hetusamūho’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sādhāraṇaphalanipphādakaṭṭhenā</span>ti taṃsamūhapariyāpannānaṃ hetudhammānaṃ sādhāraṇassa phalassa nibbattakabhāvena. <span class="bld">Avekallaṭṭhenā</span>ti anūnabhāvena. Tasmiñhi hetusamūhe ekaccāsādhāraṇañcetaṃ phalaṃ, ekacceheva ca nibbattetabbaṃ siyā, sabbesaṃ tesaṃ paccayadhammānaṃ aññamaññāpekkhā natthīti paṭimukhagamanābhāvato paṭiccattho na paripūreyyāti. <span class="bld">Sāmaggiaṅgāna</span>nti paccayasāmaggiyā aṅgabhūtānaṃ, samūhīnanti attho<a name="M2.0235"></a>. Niddhāraṇe cetaṃ sāmivacanaṃ. Phaladhammānaṃ sahitatā nāma visuṃ abhāvo, na hetudhammānaṃ viya aññamaññāpekkhāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘aññamaññaṃ avinibbhogavuttidhamme’’</span>ti avinibbhogaggahaṇañcettha rūpadhammānampi saṅgaṇhanatthaṃ. Aññathā sampayuttadhammeti vucceyya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para579"></a><span class="paranum">579</span>. <span class="bld">Paccayatā</span>ti ayaṃ avijjādiko paccayasamūho. <span class="bld">Aññoñña</span>nti aññamaññaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭiccā</span>ti nissāya sahakārīkāraṇaṃ laddhā. <span class="bld">Sama</span>nti avisamaṃ avekallena. <span class="bld">Sahā</span>ti ekajjhaṃ. <span class="bld">Dhamme</span>ti attano paccayuppannadhamme. Yasmā uppādeti, <span class="bld">tatopi</span> tasmāpi. Evaṃ paṭiccasamuppādoti muninā bhagavatā bhāsitāti yojanā. <span class="bld">Na apaṭicca</span> paṭiccevāti avadhāraṇatthaṃ dassento gāthāyaṃ eva-kāro luttaniddiṭṭhoti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekekadesa</span>nti phalasamudāyassa ekadesekadesaṃ, bhāgasoti attho. <span class="bld">Pubbāparabhāvenā</span>ti paṭipāṭiyā<a name="V2.0221"></a>. Sabbametaṃ rūpārūpakalāpuppādanaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Atthānusāravohārakusalenā</span>ti paramatthadhammānugatavohāranipuṇena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para580"></a><span class="paranum">580</span>. Purimena padenāti yojanā. <span class="bld">Sassatādīna</span>nti sassatabhāvādīnaṃ, sassatavādādīnaṃ vā. Sassatasahacaritā hi vādāpi sassatādayoti vuccanti yathā ‘‘dukkhadesanā dukkha’’nti. <span class="bld">Ucchedādī</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Vighāto</span> vināso, pahānanti attho. <span class="bld">Ñāyo</span>ti antadvayavirahitā majjhimā paṭipatti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pavattidhammāna</span>nti pavattibhūtānaṃ dhammānaṃ, kilesavaṭṭādīnanti attho. ‘‘Sassato attā ca loko cā’’tiādinayappavatto (dī. ni. 1.31) <span class="bld">sassatavādo</span>. ‘‘Natthi hetu, natthi paccayo sattānaṃ saṃkilesāyā’’tiādinayappavatto (dī. ni. 1.168; ma. ni. 2.101, 227; saṃ. ni. 3.212) <span class="bld">ahetuvādo</span>. Pakati aṇukālādivasena loko pavattatīti evaṃ pavatto <span class="bld">visamahetuvādo</span>. Issarapurisapajāpativādā <span class="bld">vasavattivādā</span>. Ahetuvādaggahaṇeneva cettha sabhāvaniyati yadicchāvādānampi saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. Keci pana ‘‘cakkhu eva cakkhussa kāraṇa’’nti evamādiko <span class="bld">visamahetuvādo</span>. Issarādivādo ahetuvādantogadho. Sabhāveneva dhammā pavattantīti vādo <span class="bld">‘‘vasavattivādo’’</span>ti vadanti. Kiṃ <a name="M2.0236"></a> hi paccayasāmaggiyā payojananti adhippāyo. Samuppādapadena paridīpito hotīti yojanā. Paridīpanassa pana aviparītakāraṇaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘paccayasāmaggiyaṃ dhammānaṃ uppattito’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Vihatā</span>ti abbhāhatā. <span class="bld">‘‘Purimapurimapaccayavasenā’’</span>ti iminā avicchedavasena pavattamānaṃ ucchedadiṭṭhinivattakaṃ hetuphalapabandhaṃ dasseti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kuto ucchedo’’</span>ti. Ucchedābhāvakathaneneva cettha ucchedavādassāpi abhāvaṃ dassetīti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tassā tassā paccayasāmaggiyā</span>ti tasmiṃ tasmiṃ hetupaccayasamavāye. <span class="bld">Santatiṃ avicchinditvā</span>ti hetuphalapabandhasaṅkhātassa santānassa avicchindanena. <span class="bld">Tesaṃ tesaṃ</span> paccayuppannadhammānaṃ sambhavato uppajjanato sassatucchedasaṅkhātaṃ antadvayaṃ anupaggamma yathāsakaṃ paccayehi anurūpaphaluppatti idha majjhimapaṭipadāti adhippetā. Kammavaṭṭassa, vipākavaṭṭassa ca bhinnasabhāvattā, bhinnakālattā ca <span class="bld">so karoti so paṭisaṃvedetīti vādappahānaṃ</span>. Kusalākusalakkhandhappavattiyañhi kārakavohāro, vipākakkhandhapavattiyaṃ vedakavohāroti. Yasmiṃ santāne <a name="V2.0222"></a> kammaṃ nibbattaṃ, tattheva tassa phalassa nibbattanato <span class="bld">añño karoti añño paṭisaṃvedetīti vādappahānaṃ</span>. Na hi katassa vināso, akatassa vā abbhāgamo atthi. ‘‘Itthī, purisā’’ti vohārena janapadanirutti. Tattha yasmā paṇḍitāpi loke ‘‘pañcakkhandhe ānetu, nāmarūpaṃ āgacchatū’’ti avatvā itthī, purisotveva voharanti, tasmā ‘‘itthī evāyaṃ, puriso evāyanti apariññātavatthukānaṃ hoti abhiniveso. Viddasuno pana paṭiccasamuppādaṃ jānantassa tathā tathā pavattamāne dhamme upādāya paññattimattato tattha paramatthato na abhinivesoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘janapadaniruttiyā anabhiniveso’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Samaññāyā</span>ti lokasamaññāya. <span class="bld">Anatidhāvana</span>nti anatikkamanaṃ. ‘‘Satto’’ti hi vutte ‘‘ko ettha satto, kiṃ rūpaṃ, udāhu vedanādayo’’ti vibhāgaṃ akatvā lokasamaññāvaseneva lokiyehi viya lokiyo attho samaññaṃ avilaṅghantena voharitabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparo nayo – paccetumarahatīti paṭicco. Yo hi naṃ pacceti abhisameti, tassa accantameva dukkhavūpasamāya saṃvattati. Sammā, saha ca uppādetīti samuppādo. Paccayadhammo hi attano phalaṃ uppādento sampuṇṇameva <a name="M2.0237"></a> uppādeti, na vikalaṃ. Ye ca dhamme uppādeti, te sabbe saheva uppādeti, na ekekaṃ. Iti paṭicco ca so samuppādo cāti <span class="bld">paṭiccasamuppādo</span>. Atha vā paṭicca paṭimukhaṃ itvā kāraṇasāmaggiṃ appaṭikkhipitvā sahite uppādetīti <span class="bld">paṭiccasamuppādo</span>. Paṭimukhagamanañca paccayassa kāraṇasāmaggiyā aṅgabhāvena phalassa uppādanameva. <span class="bld">Appaṭikkhipitvā</span>ti ca na vinā tāya kāraṇasāmaggiyā, aṅgabhāvaṃ agantvā sayameva na uppādetīti attho. Etena kāraṇabahutā dassitā, <span class="bld">‘‘sahite’’</span>ti iminā paccayuppannadhammabahutā. Ubhayenāpi ‘‘ekaṃ na ekato’’tiādinā (visuddhi. 2.617) parato vuccamāno sāsananayo dīpito hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha vā paṭicca paccetabbaṃ paccayaṃ paṭigantvā na vinā tena sambandhassa uppādo <span class="bld">paṭiccasamuppādo</span> (udā. aṭṭha. 1). Paṭiccasamuppādoti cettha samuppādappadhānavacanaviññeyyo sasattiko hetūti veditabbo. Tattha ‘‘paṭiccā’’ti vutte kiṃ paṭiccāti vattabbanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘paccetabba’’</span>nti. So ca paccayadhammoti katvā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘paccaya’’</span>nti. Idāni paṭiccasaddassa atthamāha <span class="bld">‘‘paṭigantvā’’</span>ti. Kāraṇassa sabhāvena tappaṭilābhagatiyā patvā. Kathaṃ na vinā tena? Sati eva tasmiṃ, tassa ca phalassa uppādato eva, na aññathā. Asati, nirodhato cāti <a name="V2.0223"></a> ayaṃ paccayaṭṭhiti paṭiccasaddassa attho. Tenāyaṃ paṭiccasaddo yathā ‘‘imasmiṃ sati imassuppādo’’ti ete saddā bhummanissakkavacanajotanīyena idaṃ-saddavacanīyassa hetumato hetuāyattabhāvena bhāvuppāduttarakiriyāpekkhena yāyassa tadāyattatā, tāya samatthatāya hetuṃ vadanti, evaṃ gantvā-saddantaravacanīyena taṃviññeyyasseva paccayanakiriyākattuhetumato hetupaccayanena hetuāyattabhāvena samuppāduttarakiriyāpekkhena yāyassa tadāyattatā, tāya samatthatāya hetumāha. Evañca katvā ‘‘avijjā paṭicca, saṅkhārā paṭiccasamuppannā’’tiādi (paṭi. ma. 1.46) saṅkhārapiṭake vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Samatthatā</span> cettha nidānādibhāvo. So ca tadavinābhāviphalaṃ pati satvameva. <span class="bld">Sambandhassā</span>ti ca saṃyojanānurūpatāvasena jātiādinā sambandhassa jarāmaraṇādipaccayuppannassa. <span class="bld">Uppādo</span>ti uppajjanaṃ. Yadi evaṃ kathaṃ paṭiccasaddappayogo, nanu samānakattukānaṃ pubbakāle īdiso saddappayogoti? ‘‘Bhutvā gacchati, kasitvā vapatī’’tiādīsu saccametaṃ, taṃ pana yebhuyyavasena daṭṭhabbaṃ <a name="M2.0238"></a> samānāparakāle, asamānakattuke ca dassanato. Samānakāle tāva –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Andhakāraṃ nihantvāna, uditāyaṃ divākaro;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Vaṇṇapaññāvabhāsehi, obhāsetvā samuggato’’ti. –</p>
<p class="unindented">Udāharaṇaṃ. Keci pana ‘‘mukhaṃ byādāya sayati, akkhīni parivattetvā passatī’’ti udāharanti. Apare ‘‘nisajja adhīte, ṭhatvā kathetī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha byādānaparivattanuttarakālabhāvisayanadassanakiriyāpekkhā pubbuttarakālatā atthi, sā ca bhedānupalakkhaṇā kehici na lakkhīyati. ‘‘Nisajja adhīte, ṭhatvā kathetī’’ti ca samānakālatāyapi ajjhenakathanehi pubbepi nisajjaṭṭhānāni hontīti sakkā pubbuttarakālatā sambhāvetuṃ, tasmā purimāniyeva udāharaṇāni yuttāni. Udayasamakālameva hi tannivattaniyanivattananti. Aparakāle ‘‘dvāramāvaritvā pavisati, āvaritvā nikkhamatī’’ti. Keci pana ‘‘ḍakkacca patito daṇḍo’’ti udāharanti. Abhighātabhūtasahajātāya pana abhighātajasaddassa samānakālatā ettha labbhati, tasmā idhāpi purimāniyeva udāharaṇāni yuttāni. Purimatāvacanicchāvaseneva pana lakkhaṇahetukiriyānaṃ lakkhaṇahetubhāvavacanicchāti lakkhaṇabhāvato purimakālo icceva ‘‘nihantvānā’’ti saddasiddhi icchitā, evañca paccayanakiriyā <a name="V2.0224"></a> samuppajjanakiriyāya purimikāvāti paṭicca-saddasiddhi. Tattha yuttaṃ paccakkhato kattudassanato. Idha pana tadabhāvato na yuttanti ce? Nāyaṃ doso. Idhāpi anumānato siddho. Jarāmaraṇādiko kattā attheva ‘‘ñatvā kiriyato vaya’’nti evamādipayogadassanato avassaṃ anumiyamānena kattunā īdiso saddapayogo icchitabbo. Asamāne pana kattari ‘‘pisācaṃ disvā bhayaṃ hoti, paññāya cassa disvā āsavā parikkhīṇā hontī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.271; 2.182; pu. pa. 204) evamādi veditabbaṃ. Yathā ca tattha pisācadassanādipurisabyāpāro, evamidhāpi paccayanaṃ paccayabyāpāro attano phaluppādanaṃ, tañca satvaṃ samuppādovāti ‘‘paccaye sati, paccayassa uppādā’’ti paccayanassa samuppādahetutāya gamako samānassa kattu abhāvepi paṭicca-saddo siddhoti veditabbo. Yadi paṭiccasambandhassa uppādo paṭiccasamuppādo, kathaṃ paccayo <a name="M2.0239"></a> paṭiccasamuppādoti? Heṭṭhā vicāritovāyamattho. Apica yoyaṃ samuppāda-saddavibhāvitānaṃ paccayuppannānaṃ paṭiccasaddavibhāvito sasattiko hetu adhippeto, tassa samuppādābhimukhatāya padhānavacanaviññeyyasabhāvattā tathā vuttoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kiṃ pana kāraṇaṃ samuppādapadhānena vacanena samuppādassa hetu veditabbo, na pana sahetuko samuppādo evāti? Vuccate – diṭṭhassa dukkhassa yo paccayo paccayaniddesena tassa vibhāvitattā. Kathaṃ? Yathāha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu parivīmaṃsamāno parivīmaṃsati ‘yaṃ kho idaṃ anekavidhaṃ nānappakārakaṃ dukkhaṃ loke uppajjati jarāmaraṇaṃ, idaṃ nu kho dukkhaṃ kiṃ nidānaṃ kiṃ samudayaṃ kiṃ jātikaṃ kiṃ pabhavaṃ, kismiṃ sati jarāmaraṇaṃ hoti, kismiṃ asati jarāmaraṇaṃ na hotī’ti. So parivīmaṃsamāno evaṃ pajānāti ‘yaṃ kho idaṃ…pe… idaṃ kho dukkhaṃ jātinidāna’’’miccādinā (saṃ. ni. 2.51) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Diṭṭhassa dukkhassa nidānaṃ <span class="bld">parivīmaṃsasutte</span> vuttaṃ. Taṃ pajānanañca nidānampi viññātabbanti. Yathā cāha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Pubbe me, bhikkhave, sambodhā anabhisambuddhassa bodhisattasseva sato etadahosi ‘kicchaṃ <a name="V2.0225"></a> vatāyaṃ loko āpanno jāyati ca jīyati ca mīyati ca cavati ca upapajjati ca, atha ca panimassa dukkhassa nissaraṇaṃ nappajānāti jarāmaraṇassa. Kudāssu nāma imassa dukkhassa nissaraṇaṃ paññāyissati jarāmaraṇassā’ti…pe… tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo ‘jātiyā kho sati jarāmaraṇaṃ hoti, jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇa’’’nti (saṃ. ni. 2.10) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Ādinā diṭṭhassa dukkhassa paccayavīmaṃsābhisamayā vuttā. Paccayo hi ñātabbo. Tadabhisamayāyattañca dukkhanissaraṇapajānananti yo ca ñātabbo, so pavedetabboti paṭiccasamuppādasaddo yaṃ yadidaṃ samuppādasaddavibhāvitaṃ diṭṭhaṃ dukkhaṃ, taṃ paccayaṃ paṭicceva, na aññathāti evaṃ paccayavibhāvanatthaṃ vuccati. Bhavati hi ñātuṃ, pavedetuñca icchitabhāvena padhānassāpi kenaci visesena ñātabbatāya appadhānabhāvena niddeso yathā <a name="M2.0240"></a> ‘‘ko sotāpanno, yassa tīṇi saṃyojanāni pahīnāni. Ko devadatto, yassa uccatarāni gehānī’’ti, evamidhāpi paccayapaccayanapavedanaṭṭhena niddese sattivisesena attano phalena paccanīyatāya ñātabbabhāvena ‘‘paṭiccā’’ti pariyāyena paccayo vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yo cāyaṃ ‘‘avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā’’tiādiko niddeso, so ca sakalassa dukkhakkhandhassa mūlato paṭṭhāya paccayānaṃ pavedanāya niddiṭṭhoti pariyosānepi ‘‘evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hotī’’ti evaṃ-saddena samugghātaṃ dukkhaṃ dassetvā tassa yathāvutte paccaye taṃsamudayābhimukhe katvā nigamitā paccayā. <span class="bld">Paṭipadāsuttepi</span> (saṃ. ni. 2.3) ‘‘avijjāpaccayā…pe… samudayo hotī’’ti vatvā ‘‘ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, micchāpaṭipadā’’ti vuttaṃ. Na ca paṭiccasamuppannabhāvena gahitaṃ dukkhaṃ micchāpaṭipadaṃ, atha kho dukkhasamudayabhūtā paccayāti. Yathā ca ‘‘pañcaṅgiko sammāsamādhi (dī. ni. 3.335), pañcañāṇiko sammāsamādhī’’ti (dī. ni. 3.355) aṅgañāṇapaṭivedanatthattā desanāya sammāsamādhipadhānehi saddehi aṅgañāṇapaṭivedanaṃ kataṃ, evamidhāpi samuppādapadhānena saddena paccayapaṭivedanaṃ katanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para581"></a><span class="paranum">581</span>. Yā panāyaṃ tantīti sambandho. <span class="bld">Nikkhittā</span>ti ṭhapitā, desitāti attho. Yathādhippetassa atthassa tananato tanti, gantho. ‘‘Kiṃ vādī, bhante, sammāsambuddho’’ti pucchitena <a name="V2.0226"></a> ‘‘vibhajjavādī, mahārājā’’ti (pārā. aṭṭha. 1.tatiyasaṅgītikathā; kathā. aṭṭha. nidānakathā) moggaliputtatissattherena vuttattā sammāsambuddhasāvakā vibhajjavādino. Te hi satthārā venayikādibhāvaṃ vibhajja vuttaṃ anuvadanti, somanassādīnaṃ, cīvarādīnañca sevitabbāsevitabbabhāvaṃ. Sassatucchedavāde vā vibhajja vadanti. ‘‘Sassato attā ca loko cā’’tiādīnaṃ (dī. ni. 1.31) ṭhapanīyānaṃ ṭhapanato, rāgādikkhayassa sassatassa, rāgādikāyaduccaritādiucchedassa ca vacanato, na pana ekaṃsabyākaraṇīyādike tayo pañhe apanetvā vibhajjabyākaraṇīyameva vadanti. Vibhajjavādīnaṃ maṇḍalaṃ samūho <span class="bld">vibhajjavādimaṇḍalaṃ</span>. Vibhajjavādino vā bhagavato parisā <span class="bld">vibhajjavādimaṇḍala</span>ntipi vadanti, vibhajja vā sassatucchede ubho ante anupagamma majjhimapaṭipadābhūtassa paṭiccasamuppādassa desanato bhagavā, tadanuvādato tassa sāvakā ca <span class="bld">vibhajjavādino</span>ti. Sesaṃ purimasadisaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Otaritvā</span>ti <a name="M2.0241"></a> ogāhetvā, vibhajjavādī hutvāti attho. Na hi sayaṃ avibhajjavādī samāno vibhajjavādīnaṃ antare ṭhānamattena vibhajjavādimaṇḍalaṃ otiṇṇo nāma hoti. Ācariyehi avuttaviparītatthadīpanena te <span class="bld">naabbhacikkhantena</span>. Avijjā puññāneñjābhisaṅkhārānampi hetu paccayo hotīti vadanto, kathāvatthumhi paṭikkhitte puggalavādādike ca vadanto sakasamayaṃ vokkamati nāma, tathā <span class="bld">avokkamantena. Parasamayaṃ</span> dosāropanabyāpāravirahena <span class="bld">anāyūhantena</span>. ‘‘Idampi suttaṃ gahetabba’’nti parasamayaṃ asampiṇḍentenāti keci vadanti. ‘‘Tathāhaṃ bhagavatā dhammaṃ desitaṃ ājānāmi, yathā tadevidaṃ viññāṇaṃ sandhāvati saṃsarati anañña’’ntiādīni (ma. ni. 1.396) vadanto suttaṃ paṭibāhati nāma, tathā <span class="bld">apaṭibāhantena</span>. ‘‘Tathāhaṃ bhagavatā dhammaṃ desitaṃ ājānāmi, yathā yeme antarāyikā dhammā vuttā bhagavatā, te paṭisevato nālaṃ antarāyāya (ma. ni. 1.234; pāci. 417, 418), supinante kato vītikkamo āpattikaro hotī’’ti ca evamādiṃ vadanto vinayaṃ paṭilometi nāma, tabbipariyāyena taṃ <span class="bld">anulomentena</span>. Paṭilomento hi kammantaraṃ bhindanto, dhammatañca vilomento kuto kilesavinayaṃ anulometi. <span class="bld">Sutte</span> (dī. ni. 2.187 ādayo; a. ni. 4.180) vutte cattāro mahāpadese, <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathāya</span>ñca vutte suttasuttānulomaācariyavādaattanomatimahāpadese <span class="bld">olokentena</span>. Tadolokanena hi sutte, vinaye ca santiṭṭhati nātidhāvati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dhamma</span>nti <a name="V2.0227"></a> paṭiccasamuppādapāḷiṃ. <span class="bld">Attha</span>nti tadatthaṃ. Hetu, hetuphalāni vā ayamettha hetu <span class="bld">dhammo,</span> idamettha hetuphalaṃ <span class="bld">attho</span>ti. <span class="bld">Dhamma</span>nti vā dhammataṃ. Yathā eke ‘‘uppādā vā tathāgatānaṃ anuppādā vā tathāgatānaṃ ṭhitāva sā dhātū’’ti (saṃ. ni. 2.20) suttapadassa atthaṃ micchā gāhentā ‘‘nicco paṭiccasamuppādo’’ti paccayākāradhammaṃ micchā dīpenti, evaṃ adīpetvā heṭṭhā vuttanayeneva attano phalaṃ pati kāraṇassa vavatthitasabhāvaṃ dīpentena. Yathā ca eke ‘‘anirodhaṃ anuppāda’’ntiādinā paṭiccasamuppādassa atthaṃ micchā gāhenti, evaṃ gāhe akatvā vuttanayeneva aviparītaṃ <span class="bld">atthaṃ saṅgāhentena</span>. ‘‘Dukkhādīsu aññāṇaṃ avijjā’’ti vuttamatthaṃ parivattetvā puna ‘‘pubbante aññāṇa’’ntiādīhi (dha. sa. 1067) <span class="bld">aparehipi pariyāyehi</span> <span class="bld">niddisantena</span><a name="M2.0242"></a>. ‘‘Saṅkhārā iminā pariyāyena bhavoti vuccanti, taṇhā iminā pariyāyena upādāna’’ntiādinā niddisantenāti ca vadanti. <span class="bld">Pakatiyā</span>ti yathāvuttavidhānaṃ anāmasitvā kevalameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sacca</span>nti catusaccaṃ. <span class="bld">Satto</span>ti sattasuññatāti vadanti, sattasuññesu pana saṅkhāresu sattavohāro, sattatthakiccasiddhi ca. <span class="bld">Paccayākārameva cā</span>ti paccayākāro eva ca, <span class="bld">ma</span>-kāro padasandhikaro. Paccayadhammānaṃ attanoyeva phalassa paccayabhāvo paṭiccasamuppādoti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti vuttanayena atthavaṇṇanāya kātabbattā, dukkarattā ca <span class="bld">patiṭṭhaṃ nādhigacchāmī</span>ti yattha ṭhitassa vaṇṇanā sukarā hoti, tassā patiṭṭhābhūtaṃ taṃ nayaṃ attanoyeva ñāṇabalena nādhigacchāmīti attho. Nissayaṃ pana ācikkhanto <span class="bld">‘‘sāsanaṃ panida’’</span>ntiādimāha. Idha <span class="bld">sāsana</span>nti pāḷidhammamāha, paṭiccasamuppādameva vā. So hi anulomapaṭilomādinānādesanānayapaṭimaṇḍito abbocchinno ajjāpi pavattatīti nissayo hoti. Tadaṭṭhakathāsaṅkhāto ca <span class="bld">pubbācariyamaggo</span>. ‘‘Taṃ suṇātha samāhitā’’ti ādarajanane, ussāhane ca kiṃ payojananti ce, taṃ dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘vuttañheta’’</span>ntiādi. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhi katvā</span>ti atthaṃ katvā. Yathā vā na nassati, evaṃ aṭṭhigataṃ viya karonto aṭṭhiṃ katvā. Pubbakālato aparakāle bhavaṃ <span class="bld">pubbāpariyaṃ. Visesa</span>nti paṭhamārambhato pabhuti khaṇe khaṇe ñāṇavisesaṃ, kilesakkhayavisesañca labhatīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para582"></a><span class="paranum">582</span>. <span class="bld">Desanābhedato</span>ti desanāvisesato. Atthato, lakkhaṇādito, ekavidhādito ca <span class="bld">atthalakkhaṇekavidhādito</span><a name="V2.0228"></a>. <span class="bld">Aṅgānañca vavatthānā</span>ti avijjādīnaṃ dvādasannaṃ aṅgānaṃ vavatthānadassanato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kammavipākakilesavaṭṭānaṃ mūlakāraṇattā, ādito vuttattā ca avijjā paṭiccasamuppādassa mūlaṃ. Tattha valliyā mūle diṭṭhe tato pabhuti valliharaṇaṃ viya paṭiccasamuppādassa mūle diṭṭhe tato pabhuti paṭiccasamuppādadesanāti upamāsaṃsandanā na kātabbā. Na hi bhagavato idameva diṭṭhaṃ, idaṃ adiṭṭhanti vibhajanīyaṃ atthi sabbassa diṭṭhattā. Mūlato pabhuti pana valliharaṇaṃ viya mūlato pabhuti paṭiccasamuppādadesanā katāti idamettha sāmaññaṃ <a name="M2.0243"></a> adhippetaṃ, bodhaneyyajjhāsayavasena vā bodhetabbabhāvena mūlādidassanasāmaññaṃ yojetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Sa kho so, bhikkhave, kumāro vuddhimanvāya indriyānaṃ paripākamanvāya pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappito…pe… rajanīyehi. So cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā piyarūpe rūpe sārajjati, appiyarūpe rūpe byāpajjati, anupaṭṭhitakāyasati ca viharati parittacetaso, tañca cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti, yatthassa te pāpakā akusalā dhammā aparisesā nirujjhanti. So evaṃ anurodhavirodhaṃ samāpanno yaṃ kiñci vedanaṃ vedeti sukhaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vā adukkhamasukhaṃ vā, so taṃ vedanaṃ abhinandati abhivadati, ajjhosāya tiṭṭhatī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.408) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Evaṃ vuttassa. Evaṃ sotadvārādīsupi. Tassa <span class="bld">abhinandato</span>ti sappītikataṇhāya abhimukhabhāvena nandato. <span class="bld">Abhivadato</span>ti ‘‘aho sukhaṃ, aho sukha’’nti vacībhedakaraṇapavattāya balavataṇhāya ‘‘ahaṃ, mamā’’ti abhivadato. Tato balavatiyā mocetuṃ asakkuṇeyyatāya <span class="bld">ajjhosāya tiṭṭhato</span>. Tatopi balavatī pana upādānabhūtā taṇhā <span class="bld">nandī</span>. Ettha ca abhinandanādinā taṇhā vuttā, nandivacanena tappaccayaṃ upādānaṃ catubbidhampi nanditātadavippayogatāhi, taṇhādiṭṭhābhinandanabhāvehi cāti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇa</span>ntiādikañca tattheva <span class="bld">mahātaṇhāsaṅkhayasutte</span> vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vipākavaṭṭabhūte <a name="V2.0229"></a> paṭisandhipavattiphassādike kammasamuṭṭhānañca ojaṃ sandhāya <span class="bld">‘‘cattāro āhārā taṇhānidānā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Vaṭṭūpathambhakā pana itarepi āhārā taṇhāpabhave tasmiṃ avijjamāne na vijjantīti <span class="bld">‘‘taṇhānidānā’’</span>ti vattuṃ vaṭṭanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para583"></a><span class="paranum">583</span>. <span class="bld">Tato</span> <a name="M2.0244"></a> <span class="bld">tato</span>ti catubbidhāsu desanāsu tato tato desanato. <span class="bld">Ñāyappaṭivedhāya saṃvattatī</span>ti <span class="bld">ñāyo</span>ti maggo, so eva vā paṭiccasamuppādo ‘‘ariyo cassa ñāyo paññāya sudiṭṭho hotī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 2.41; 5.1024) vacanato. Sayameva hi so samantabhaddakattā tathā tathā paṭivijjhitabbattā tāya tāya desanāya attano paṭivedhāya saṃvattati. <span class="bld">Catubbidhagambhīrabhāvappattiyā</span>ti dhammatthadesanāpaṭivedhagambhīresu patiṭṭhādhigamanena patiṭṭhitattāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Samantabhaddakatā, desanāvilāsappatti ca catunnampi desanānaṃ samānaṃ kāraṇanti visesakāraṇaṃ vattukāmo āha <span class="bld">‘‘visesato’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti assa bhagavato desanā, <span class="bld">assa</span> vā paṭiccasamuppādassa desanāti yojetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Pavattikāraṇavibhāgo</span> avibhattasabhāvā avijjādayova, kāraṇanti vā gahitānaṃ pakatiādīnaṃ, avijjādīnañca akāraṇatā, kāraṇatā ca. Tattha sammūḷhā keci akāraṇaṃ kāraṇanti gaṇhanti, keci na kiñci kāraṇaṃ bujjhantīti tesaṃ yathāsakehi anurūpehi kāraṇehi saṅkhārādi<span class="bld">pavattisandassanatthaṃ,</span> saṃsārappavattisandassanatthanti attho. Pavattiādīnavapaṭicchādikā avijjā ādi, tato saṅkhārā uppajjanti, tato viññāṇanti evaṃ pavattiyā <span class="bld">uppattikkamasandassanatthaṃ,</span> gabbhaseyyakādivasena vā tattha tattha bhave attabhāvassa uppajjanānupubbisandassanatthañca anulomadesanā pavattāti. Itarāsaṃ tadatthatāsambhavepi na tāsaṃ tadatthameva pavatti atthantarasabbhāvato. Ayaṃ pana tadatthā evāti etissā tadatthatā vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anuvilokayato</span> yo sambodhito pubbabhāge taṃtaṃpaccayuppannāvabodhasaṅkhāto pubbabhāgapaṭivedho pavatto, tadanusārena tadanugamena jarāmaraṇādikassa jātiādikāraṇaṃ yaṃ adhigataṃ, tassa sandassanatthaṃ ayaṃ paṭilomadesanā pavattā. Anuvilokayato paṭilomadesanā pavattāti vā sambandho. Desentopi hi bhagavā kicchāpannaṃ lokaṃ anuviloketvā pubbabhāga…pe… sandassanatthaṃ desesīti. Āhārataṇhādayo paccuppannaddhā, saṅkhārāvijjā atītaddhāti iminā adhippāyenāha <a name="V2.0230"></a> <span class="bld">‘‘yāva atītaṃ addhānaṃ atiharitvā’’</span>ti. Āhārā vā taṇhāya pabhāvetabbā anāgato addhā, taṇhādayo paccuppanno<a name="M2.0245"></a>, saṅkhārāvijjā atītoti. Paccakkhaṃ pana phalaṃ dassetvā tannidānadassanavasena phalakāraṇaparamparadassanaṃ yujjatīti āhārā purimataṇhāya uppāditā paccuppanno addhā, taṇhādayo atīto, saṅkhārāvijjā tatopi atītataro saṃsārassa anādibhāvadassanatthaṃ vuttoti. <span class="bld">Yāva atītaddhāna</span>nti yāva atītataraṃ addhānanti attho yuttoti. Āyatiṃ punabbhavābhinibbattiāhārakā vā cattāro āhārā ‘‘āhāretītāhaṃ na vadāmi…pe… evaṃ pana maṃ avadantaṃ yo evaṃ puccheyya ‘kissa nu kho, bhante, viññāṇāhāro’ti, esa kallo pañho, tatra kallaṃ veyyākaraṇaṃ, viññāṇāhāro āyatiṃ punabbhavābhinibbattiyā’’ti (saṃ. ni. 2.12) vacanato, taṃsampayuttattā phassacetanānaṃ, tappavattihetuttā ca kabaḷīkārāhārassa. Tena hi upatthambhitarūpakāyassa, tañca icchantassa kāmaviññāṇāyūhanaṃ hoti. Bhojanañhi saddhādīnaṃ, rāgādīnañca upanissayoti vuttaṃ. Tasmā te kammavaṭṭasaṅgahitā āhārā paccuppanno addhāti imasmiṃ pariyāye purimoyeva attho yutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Atītaddhato pabhuti</span> ‘‘iti kho, bhikkhave, avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā’’tiādinā (saṃ. ni. 2.2) atīte, tato parañca hetuphalapaṭipāṭiṃ paccakkhabhūtānaṃ āhārānaṃ nidānadassanavasena ārohitvā nivattanena vinā abujjhantānaṃ taṃsandassanatthaṃ sā ayaṃ desanā pavattāti attho. <span class="bld">Anāgataddhahetusamuṭṭhānato pabhutī</span>ti anāgatassa bhavassa hetubhūtānaṃ dhammānaṃ uppattito paṭṭhāya. <span class="bld">Anāgataddhasandassanattha</span>nti anāgataddhuno appaṭivijjhantānaṃ apassantānaṃ paccakkhaṃ paccuppannaṃ hetuṃ dassetvā hetuphalaparamparāya tassa sandassanatthanti attho. Ettha ca ādito paṭṭhāya yāva pariyosānā, pariyosānato ca paṭṭhāya yāva ādi pavattā desanā dvādasaṅgā, tato eva tisandhi catusaṅkhepā. Majjhato paṭṭhāya yāva ādi pavattā desanā aṭṭhaṅgā dvisandhi tisaṅkhepā. Majjhato pana paṭṭhāya yāva pariyosānā pavattā desanā chaḷaṅgā dvisandhi tisaṅkhepā. ‘‘Saṃyojaniyesu, bhikkhave, dhammesu assādānupassino viharato taṇhā pavaḍḍhati, taṇhāpaccayā upādāna’’ntiādinā (saṃ. ni. 2.53, 57) majjhato paṭṭhāya yāva pariyosānā pavattā desanā ekasandhi dvisaṅkhepā. Evaṃ ayaṃ anekaṅgā eva <a name="M2.0246"></a> paṭiccasamuppādadesanā āgatā. Ekaṅgavasenāpi ca paṭiccasamuppādadesanā labbhateva. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Tatra, bhikkhave, sutavā ariyasāvako paṭiccasamuppādaṃyeva sādhukaṃ yoniso manasi <a name="V2.0231"></a> karoti ‘iti imasmiṃ sati idaṃ hoti, imassuppādā idaṃ uppajjati. Imasmiṃ asati idaṃ na hoti, imassa nirodhā idaṃ nirujjhatī’ti. Sukhavedaniyaṃ, bhikkhave, phassaṃ paṭicca uppajjati sukhavedanā’’ti (saṃ. ni. 2.62) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Ādi. Ettha hi ‘‘phassapaccayā’’ti ettako eva paṭiccasamuppādo vutto. Tenetaṃ viññāyati ‘‘ekaṅgapaṭiccasamuppādo’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">imasmiṃ sati idaṃ hotī</span>ti imasmiṃ avijjādike paccaye sati idaṃ saṅkhārādikaṃ phalaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Imassuppādā idaṃ uppajjatī</span>ti imassa avijjādikassa paccayassa uppādā idaṃ saṅkhārādikaṃ phalaṃ uppajjatīti attho. <span class="bld">Imasmiṃ asati idaṃ na hoti, imassa nirodhā idaṃ nirujjhatī</span>ti avijjādīnaṃ abhāve saṅkhārādīnaṃ abhāvassa, avijjādīnaṃ nirodhā saṅkhārādīnaṃ nirodhassa ca vacanena purimasmiṃ paccayalakkhaṇe niyamo dassito hoti ‘‘imasmiṃ sati eva, na asati, imassa uppādā eva, na nirodhā’’ti. Tenetaṃ lakkhaṇaṃ antogadhaniyamaṃ idha paṭiccasamuppādassa vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nirodho</span>ti ca avijjādīnaṃ virāgādhigamena āyatiṃ anuppādo appavatti. Tathā hi vuttaṃ ‘‘avijjāyatveva asesavirāganirodhā’’tiādi (mahāva. 1; udā. 3). Nirodhavirodhī ca uppādo, yena so uppādavirodhibhāvena vutto ‘‘imassa nirodhā idaṃ nirujjhatī’’ti, tenetaṃ dasseti ‘‘anirodho uppādo nāma, so cettha atthibhāvotipi vuccatī’’ti. ‘‘Imasmiṃ sati idaṃ hotī’’ti idameva hi lakkhaṇaṃ pariyāyantarena ‘‘imassuppādā idaṃ uppajjatī’’ti vadantena parena purimaṃ visesitaṃ hoti, tasmā na dharamānataṃyeva sandhāya ‘‘imasmiṃ satī’’ti vuttaṃ, atha kho maggena aniruddhabhāvañcāti viññāyati. Yasmā ca ‘‘imasmiṃ asati idaṃ na hoti, imassa nirodhā idaṃ nirujjhatī’’ti (udā. 2) dvidhāpi uddiṭṭhalakkhaṇassa nirodhassa niddesaṃ vadantena ‘‘avijjāyatveva asesavirāganirodhā saṅkhāranirodho’’tiādinā (mahāva. 1; udā. 3) nirodho <a name="M2.0247"></a> eva vutto, tasmā natthibhāvopi nirodho evāti natthibhāvaviruddho atthibhāvo anirodhoti dassitaṃ hoti. Tena anirodhasaṅkhātena atthibhāvena uppādaṃ viseseti. Tato na idha attalābhamattaṃ uppādoti adhippeto, atha kho anirodhasaṅkhāto atthibhāvo cāti ayamattho vibhāvitoti <a name="V2.0232"></a> evametaṃ lakkhaṇadvayavacanaṃ aññamaññaṃ visesanavisesitabbabhāvena sātthakanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ko panāyaṃ anirodho nāma, yo atthibhāvo, uppādoti ca vuccatīti? Appahīnabhāvo, anibbattitaphalatāppahīnārahatāhi phaluppādanārahatā ca. Ye tehi pahātabbā akusalā dhammā, tesaṃ ariyamaggena asamugghātitabhāvo, ye pana na pahātabbā kusalābyākatā dhammā, yāni tesu saṃyojanāni akhīṇāsavānaṃ, tesaṃ aparikkhīṇatā ca. Asamugghātitānusayatāya hi sasaṃyojanākhandhappavatti paṭiccasamuppādo. Tathā hi vuttaṃ –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Yāya ca, bhikkhave, avijjāya nivutassa bālassa, yāya ca taṇhāya sampayuttassa ayaṃ kāyo samudāgato, sā ceva avijjā bālassa appahīnā, sā ca taṇhā aparikkhīṇā. Taṃ kissa hetu? Na, bhikkhave, bālo acari brahmacariyaṃ sammā dukkhakkhayāya, tasmā bālo kāyassa bhedā kāyūpago hoti, so kāyūpago samāno na parimuccati jātiyā jarāmaraṇenā’’ti (saṃ. ni. 2.19) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Ādi. Khīṇasaṃyojanānaṃ pana avijjāya abhāvato saṅkhārānaṃ, taṇhupādānānaṃ abhāvato upādānabhavānaṃ na sambhavoti vaṭṭassa upacchedo paññāyati. Tenevāha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Channantveva, phagguna, phassāyatanānaṃ asesavirāganirodhā phassanirodho, phassanirodhā vedanānirodho’’ti (saṃ. ni. 2.12) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Ādi. Na hi aggamaggādhigamato uddhaṃ yāva parinibbānā saḷāyatanādīnaṃ appavatti, atha kho natthitā, nirodhasaddavacanīyatā, khīṇasaṃyojanatāti nirodho vutto. Apica cirakatampi kammaṃ anibbattitaphalatāya, appahīnārahatāya ca phalārahaṃ santaṃ eva nāma hoti, na nibbattitaphalaṃ, nāpi <a name="M2.0248"></a> pahīnārahanti phaluppattipaccayānaṃ avijjāsaṅkhārādīnaṃ vuttanayena phalārahabhāvo anirodhoti veditabbaṃ. Evaṃ aniruddhabhāveneva hi yena vinā phalaṃ na sambhavati, taṃ kāraṇaṃ atītādipi ‘‘imasmiṃ satī’’ti iminā vacanena vuttaṃ. Tato eva ca avusitabrahmacariyassa appavattidhammataṃ anāpanno paccayuppādo kālabhedaṃ anāmasitvā anivattitāya <a name="V2.0233"></a> eva ‘‘imassuppādā’’ti vutto. Atha vā avasesapaccayasamavāye avijjamānassāpi vijjamānassa viya pageva vijjamānassa yā phaluppattiabhimukhatā, sā ‘‘imassuppādā’’ti vuttā. Tadā hi tato phalaṃ uppajjatīti tadavatthaṃ kāraṇaṃ phalassa uppādanabhāvena upaṭṭhitaṃ uppatitaṃ nāma hoti, na vijjamānampi atadavatthanti tadavatthatā uppādoti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">‘‘satī’’</span>ti iminā vijjamānatāmattena paccayabhāvaṃ vadanto abyāpārataṃ paṭiccasamuppādassa dasseti. <span class="bld">Uppādā</span>ti uppattidhammataṃ, asabbakālabhāvitaṃ, phaluppattiabhimukhatañca dīpento aniccataṃ paṭiccasamuppādassa dasseti. ‘‘Sati, na asati, uppādā, na nirodhā’’ti pana hetuatthehi bhummanissakkavacanehi samatthitaṃ nidānasamudayajātipabhavabhāvaṃ paṭiccasamuppādassa dasseti. Hetuatthatā cettha bhummavacane yassa bhāvena tadavinābhāviphalassa bhāvo lakkhīyati, tattha pavattiyā veditabbā, yathā adhanānaṃ dhane ananuppadīyamāne dāliddiyaṃ vepullamagamāsi (dī. ni. 3.91), nipphanne sasse subhikkhaṃ jāyatīti ca. Nissakkavacanassāpi hetuatthatā phalassa pabhave pakatiyañca pavattiyā, yathā ‘‘kalalā hoti abbudaṃ, abbudā jāyate pesī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 1.235; kathā. 692), ‘‘himavatā gaṅgā pabhavati, siṅgato saro jāyatī’’ti ca. Avijjādibhāvena ca tadavinābhāvisaṅkhārādibhāvo lakkhīyati, avijjādīhi ca saṅkhārādayo pabhavanti, pakarīyanti cāti tesaṃ pabhavo, pakati ca, tasmā tadatthadīpanatthaṃ ‘‘imasmiṃ sati imassuppādā’’ti hetuatthā bhummanissakkaniddesā katā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā cettha ‘‘imasmiṃ sati idaṃ hoti, imassuppādā idaṃ uppajjatī’’ti saṅkhepena uddiṭṭhassa paṭiccasamuppādassa ‘‘avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā’’tiādiko niddeso, tasmā yathāvutto atthibhāvo, uppādo ca tesaṃ <a name="M2.0249"></a> tesaṃ paccayuppannadhammānaṃ paccayabhāvoti viññāyati. Na hi aniruddhatāsaṅkhātaṃ atthibhāvaṃ, uppādañca anivattasabhāvatāsaṅkhātaṃ, udayāvatthatāsaṅkhātaṃ vā ‘‘satiyeva, na asati, uppādā eva, na nirodhā’’ti antogadhaniyamehi vacanehi pakāsitaṃ muñcitvā añño paccayabhāvo nāma atthi, tasmā yathāvutto atthibhāvo, uppādo ca paccayabhāvoti veditabbo. Yepi hi paṭṭhāne āgatā hetuādayo catuvīsati paccayā, tepi etasseva paccayabhāvassa visesāti veditabbā. Tathā yvāyaṃ mūlahetunidānasambhavapabhavādipariyāyehi<a name="V2.0234"></a>, uppādaṭṭhiti pavattaṭṭhiti nimittaṭṭhiti āyūhanaṭṭhiti saṃyogaṭṭhiti palibodhaṭṭhitītiādipariyāyehi ca pakāsito kāraṇattho, sopi ettheva antogadhoti daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para584"></a><span class="paranum">584</span>. Mūlakāraṇasaddaṃ apekkhitvā <span class="bld">na akāraṇa</span>nti napuṃsakaniddeso, akāraṇāti attho. Akāraṇaṃ yadi siyā, suttaṃ paṭibāhitaṃ siyāti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘āsavasamudayā’’</span>ti suttaṃ āharati. <span class="bld">Pariyāyo</span> kāraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Vaṭṭakathāya sīsabhāvo</span> vaṭṭahetuno kammassāpi hetubhāvo. Tattha bhavataṇhāyapi hetubhūtā avijjā, tāya paṭicchāditādīnave bhave taṇhāya uppajjanato avijjā visesena sīsabhūtāti <span class="bld">‘‘mūlakāraṇa’’</span>nti vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Purimāya koṭiyā apaññāyamānāya uppādavirahato niccataṃ gaṇheyyāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ cetaṃ, bhikkhave, vuccatī’’</span>tiādi. Tena ito pubbe uppannapubbatā natthīti apaññāyanato purimakoṭiapaññāyanaṃ vuttanti imamatthaṃ dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para585"></a><span class="paranum">585</span>. Avijjātaṇhāhetukkamena phalesu vattabbesu <span class="bld">‘‘sugatiduggatigāmino’’</span>ti vacanaṃ saddalakkhaṇāvirodhanatthaṃ. Pūjitassa hi dvande pubbanipāto. Savarā kira maṃsassa aṭṭhinā alagganatthaṃ punappunaṃ tāpetvā koṭṭetvā uṇhodakaṃ pāyetvā virittaṃ sūnaṃ aṭṭhito muttamaṃsaṃ gāviṃ mārenti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘aggisantāpā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha yathā vajjhagāvī ca avijjābhibhūtatāya yathāvuttaṃ uṇhodakapānaṃ ārabhati, evaṃ puthujjano yathāvuttaṃ duggatigāmikammaṃ. Yathā pana sā uṇhodakapāne ādīnavaṃ disvā taṇhāvasena sītudakapānaṃ ārabhati, evaṃ puthujjano avijjāya nātibalavabhāvato duggatigāmikamme ādīnavaṃ disvā taṇhāvasena <a name="M2.0250"></a> sugatigāmikammaṃ ārabhati. Dukkhe hi avijjaṃ taṇhā anuvattati, sukhe taṇhaṃ avijjāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para586"></a><span class="paranum">586</span>. <span class="bld">Katthaci</span> sutte. <span class="bld">Ekadhammamūlikaṃ desana</span>nti avijjātaṇhāsu ekoyeva dhammo mūlaṃ etissāti ekadhammamūlikā, taṃ, tattha ekaṃ eva dhammaṃ mūlaṃ katvā paṭiccasamuppādadesanaṃ desetīti attho. Upanisīdati phalaṃ etthāti upanisā, kāraṇaṃ, avijjā upanisā etesanti <span class="bld">avijjūpanisā. Assādānupassino</span>ti upādāniyesu tebhūmakadhammesu visayabhūtesu assādetabbato assādasaññitaṃ <a name="V2.0235"></a> sukhasomanassaṃ anupassanasīlassa. Appahīnāvijjatāya bālalakkhaṇayogena <span class="bld">bālassa. Eva</span>nti avijjānivutattā, taṇhāsaṃyuttattā ca. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ kāyo</span>ti ayaṃ mamañceva tumhākañca paccakkhabhūto saviññāṇakakāyo khandhapañcakaṃ. ‘‘Saḷāyatanapaccayā phasso’’ti (mahāva. 1; udā. 1) vacanato phassakāraṇañcetaṃ vuccatīti āyatanacchakkaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Samudāgato</span>ti uppanno. <span class="bld">Bahiddhā ca nāmarūpa</span>nti bahiddhā saviññāṇakakāyo khandhapañcakaṃ, saḷāyatanāni vā. <span class="bld">Ittheta</span>nti itthaṃ etaṃ. Attano ca paresañca pañcakkhandhā dvādasāyatanāni dvārālambanabhāvena vavatthitāni <span class="bld">dvayaṃ</span> nāmāti attho. <span class="bld">Dvayaṃ paṭicca phasso</span>ti aññattha cakkhurūpādīni dvayāni paṭicca cakkhusamphassādayo vuttā, idha pana ajjhattikabāhirāni āyatanāni, mahādvayaṃ nāma kiretanti vuttaṃ. Ayamettha adhippāyo – aññattha ‘‘cakkhuñca paṭicca rūpe ca uppajjati cakkhuviññāṇaṃ, tiṇṇaṃ saṅgati phasso’’tiādinā (ma. ni. 1.204, 400; 3.421, 425, 426; saṃ. ni. 2.44; 4.60; kathā. 465) cakkhu ceva rūpā ca…pe… mano ceva dhammā cāti vuttāni dvayāni paṭicca cakkhusamphassādayo vuttā. Idha pana ‘‘ayañceva kāyo’’ti cakkhādinissaye sesadhamme cakkhādinissite eva katvā vuttaṃ cakkhādikāyaṃ ekattena ‘‘ajjhattikāyatana’’nti gahetvā, ‘‘bahiddhā ca nāmarūpa’’nti vuttaṃ rūpādiārammaṇaṃ ekatteneva ‘‘bāhirāyatana’’nti tāni ajjhattikabāhirāni āyatanāni paṭicca phasso vutto, tasmā mahādvayametanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evañca katvā attano ca parassa ca pañcahi khandhehi, chahi āyatanehi cāti ayamattho dīpetabbovāti vuttaṃ. ‘‘Ayaṃ kāyo’’ti hi vuttāni sanissayāni cakkhādīni attano pañcakkhandhā, ‘‘bahiddhā nāmarūpa’’nti vuttāni rūpādīni <a name="M2.0251"></a> paresaṃ. Tathā ayaṃ kāyo attano cha ajjhattikāni āyatanāni, bahiddhā nāmarūpaṃ paresaṃ bāhirānīti. Aññathā ajjhattikāyatanamatte eva ‘‘ayaṃ kāyo’’ti vuttena ajjhattikāyatanāneva attano pañcakkhandhā hontīti attano ca paresañca pañcahi khandhehi dīpanā na sambhaveyyāti. <span class="bld">Saḷevāyatanānī</span>ti saḷeva phassakāraṇāni, yehi kāraṇabhūtehi āyatanehi uppannena phassena phuṭṭho bālo sukhadukkhaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena ‘‘etesaṃ vā aññatarena. Avijjānīvaraṇassa, bhikkhave, paṇḍitassa taṇhāya sampayuttassā’’tiādi (saṃ. ni. 2.19) yojetabbaṃ. Imasmiñhi sutte saṅkhāre avijjātaṇhānissite eva katvā kāyaggahaṇena viññāṇanāmarūpasaḷāyatanāni gahetvā tasmiṃ kāye saḷāyatanānaṃ phassaṃ taṃnissitameva <a name="V2.0236"></a> katvā vedanāya visesapaccayabhāvaṃ dassentena bhagavatā bālapaṇḍitānaṃ atītaddhāvijjātaṇhāmūlako vedanānto paṭiccasamuppādo dassito. Puna ca bālapaṇḍitānaṃ visesaṃ dassentena –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Yāya ca, bhikkhave, avijjāya nivutassa bālassa, yāya ca taṇhāya sampayuttassa ayaṃ kāyo samudāgato, sā ceva avijjā bālassa appahīnā, sā ca taṇhā aparikkhīṇā. Taṃ kissa hetu? Na, bhikkhave, bālo acari brahmacariyaṃ sammā dukkhakkhayāya. Tasmā bālo kāyassa bhedā kāyūpago hoti, so kāyūpago samāno na parimuccati jātiyā…pe… dukkhasmāti vadāmī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 2.19) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Vedanāpabhavaṃ sāvijjaṃ taṇhaṃ dassetvā, upādānabhave ca tannissite katvā ‘‘kāyūpago hotī’’tiādinā jātiādike dassentena paccuppannahetusamuṭṭhānato pabhuti ubhayamūlavasena paṭiccasamuppādo vutto, tabbipariyāyena ca paṇḍitassa paccuppannahetuparikkhayato pabhuti ubhayamūlako paṭilomapaṭiccasamuppādoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para587"></a><span class="paranum">587</span>. <span class="bld">Pūretu</span>nti vaḍḍhetuṃ, upacinitunti attho. Duggatigāmikammassa visesapaccayattā avijjā <span class="bld">‘‘avindiyaṃ vindatī’’</span>ti vuttā, tathā visesapaccayo vindiyassa na hotīti <span class="bld">‘‘vindiyaṃ na vindatī’’</span>ti ca. Attanissitāni katvā <a name="M2.0252"></a> cakkhuviññāṇādīnaṃ pavattanaṃ uppādanaṃ <span class="bld">āyatanaṃ</span>. Sammohabhāveneva anabhisamayabhūtattā <span class="bld">aviditaṃ</span> aññātaṃ <span class="bld">karoti. Antavirahite javāpetī</span>ti vaṇṇāgamavipariyāyavikāravināsadhātuatthavisesayogehi pañcavidhassa niruttilakkhaṇassa vasena a-kāra vi-kāra ja-kāre gahetvā aññesaṃ vaṇṇānaṃ lopaṃ, ja-kārassa ca dutiyassāgamaṃ katvā <span class="bld">‘‘avijjā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Byañjanatthaṃ vatvā sabhāvatthaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘apicā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Cakkhuviññāṇādīnaṃ vatthārammaṇāni ‘‘idaṃ vatthu, idaṃ ārammaṇa’’nti avijjāya ñātuṃ na sakkāti avijjā tappaṭicchādikā vuttā. Vatthārammaṇasabhāvachādanato eva avijjādīnaṃ paṭiccasamuppādabhāvassa, jarāmaraṇādīnaṃ paṭiccasamuppannabhāvassa ca chādanato paṭiccasamuppādapaṭiccasamuppannacchādanaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Apaccakkhitvā</span>ti <a name="V2.0237"></a> paccakkhānaṃ akatvā apaṭikkhipitvā. <span class="bld">Upakārakaṭṭho paccayaṭṭho</span> yathā piṇḍapātādi sarīrassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saṅkhatamabhisaṅkharontī</span>ti yathā saṅkhataṃ hoti, evaṃ abhisaṅkharonti. Saṅkhārasaddaggahaṇena āgatā saṅkhārā <span class="bld">saṅkhārasaddena āgatasaṅkhārā</span>. Yadipi avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārāpi saṅkhārasaddena āgatā, te pana imissā desanāya padhānāti visuṃ vuttā, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘duvidhā’’</span>ti ettha saṅkhārasaddena āgatasaṅkhāresu abhisaṅkharaṇakasaṅkhāraṃ vajjetvā tadaññe saṅkhārasaddena āgatasaṅkhārā yojetabbā. <span class="bld">Saṅkhārasaddena āgatasaṅkhārā</span>ti vā samudāyo vutto. Tadekadesā ca idha vaṇṇetabbabhāvena gahitā avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā, tasmā vaṇṇetabbasabbasaṅgāhakavasena duvidhatā vuttāti veditabbā. ‘‘Paṭhamaṃ nirujjhati vacīsaṅkhāro’’tiādinā (ma. ni. 1.464) vitakkavicāraassāsapassāsasaññāvedanāvacīsaṅkhārādayo vuttā, na avijjāpaccayā saṅkhāresu vuttā kāyasañcetanādayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saṅkhatasaṅkhārā</span> nāma yathāsakaṃ paccayehi saṅkhatattā. Satipi paccayanibbattānaṃ sabbesampi saṅkhatabhāve ‘‘mametaṃ phala’’nti tatthābhimukhena viya kammunā nibbattitattā tebhūmakavipākakaṭattārūpesu sātisayo saṅkhatabhāvoti adhippāyena <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> (visuddhi. 2.587) kammanibbattānaṃ abhisaṅkhatasaṅkhāratā vuttā. <span class="bld">Pāḷiyaṃ</span> pana tathā āgataṭṭhānassa abhāvato <span class="bld">‘‘tepi</span> <a name="M2.0253"></a> <span class="bld"> …pe… ettheva saṅgahaṃ gacchantī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Aniccā vata saṅkhārā</span>ti vuttā ubhuādisamuṭṭhānāpi sabbadhammā. <span class="bld">Abhisaṅkharaṇakasaṅkhāroti vuccati</span> attano phalassa abhisaṅkharaṇato. Kāyapayogasamuṭṭhāpanavīriyaṃ <span class="bld">kāyikavīriyaṃ. Abhisaṅkhārassā</span>ti payogavegassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vācaṃ saṅkharotīti <span class="bld">vacīsaṅkhāro</span>. Kāyena saṅkharīyatīti <span class="bld">kāyasaṅkhāro</span>. Cittena saṅkharīyati, cittaṃ vā saṅkharotīti <span class="bld">cittasaṅkhāro</span>. Saṅkhepato pana sabbepi yathārahaṃ saṅkharonti, saṅkharīyantīti ca saṅkhārāti veditabbā. <span class="bld">Vutta</span>nti saṅkhāraṭṭhapaccayaṭṭhādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Namatī</span>ti ekantasārammaṇatāya ārammaṇābhimukhaṃ namati. <span class="bld">Paritassatī</span>ti pipāsati, taṇhāparitāpatāya vā vicalati. <span class="bld">Upādiyatī</span>ti daḷhaṃ ādiyati. <span class="bld">Bhavatī</span>ti upapattibhavaṃ sandhāyāha. <span class="bld">Bhāvayatī</span>ti kammabhavaṃ. Cuti khandhānaṃ maraṇanti <span class="bld">‘‘maranti etenā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Dukkhā vedanā <a name="V2.0238"></a> uppādadukkhā, ṭhitidukkhāti ca katvā <span class="bld">‘‘dvedhā khaṇatī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Āyāso</span> parissamo visādo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Niddiṭṭhanayadassana</span>nti yathāniddiṭṭhavidhisandassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Kevala</span>-saddo asammissavācako ca hoti ‘‘kevalā sālayo’’tiādīsu, niravasesavācako ca ‘‘kevalā aṅgamagadhā’’tiādīsu, tasmā dvidhāpi atthaṃ vadati. Tattha <span class="bld">asammissassā</span>ti sukharahitassa. Na hi ettha kiñci uppādavayarahitaṃ atthi. <span class="bld">Sakalassā</span>ti sabbabhavādigatassa, sabbakālikassa ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para588"></a><span class="paranum">588</span>. ‘‘Lakkhaṇekavidhādito’’ti ettha <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddo paccekaṃ parisamāpetabboti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘lakkhaṇādito’’</span>ti. Sampayutte, taṃsamaṅgipuggale vā sammohayatīti <span class="bld">sammohanarasā</span>. Ārammaṇasabhāvassa chādanaṃ hutvā gayhatīti <span class="bld">chādanapaccupaṭṭhānā</span>. ‘‘Āsavasamudayā avijjāsamudayo’’ti (ma. ni. 1.103) vacanato <span class="bld">āsavapadaṭṭhānā</span>. Paṭisandhijananatthaṃ āyūhanti byāpāraṃ karontīti <span class="bld">āyūhanarasā</span>. Rāsikaraṇaṃ vā <span class="bld">āyūhanaṃ</span>. Cetanāsabhāvattā cetanā hutvā gayhatīti <span class="bld">cetanāpaccupaṭṭhānā</span>. Nāmarūpassa purecārikabhāvena pavattatīti <span class="bld">pubbaṅgamarasaṃ</span>. Purimabhavena saddhiṃ ghaṭanaṃ hutvā gayhatīti <span class="bld">paṭisandhipaccupaṭṭhānaṃ</span>. Viññāṇena saha, aññamaññañca sampayujjatīti <span class="bld">sampayogarasaṃ</span>. Samaṃ pakārehi yogo <a name="M2.0254"></a> <span class="bld">sampayogo</span>. Visuṃ abhāvo <span class="bld">avinibbhogo</span>. Rūpaṃ sampayogābhāvato vikiratīti <span class="bld">vikiraṇarasaṃ</span>. Tato eva hi pisiyamānā taṇḍulādayo vikiranti, cuṇṇībhūtā viddhaṃsanti, nāmassa kadāci kusalādibhāvopi atthīti tato visesanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘abyākatapaccupaṭṭhāna’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. ‘‘Acetano abyākato’’ti (visuddhi. 1.311; vibha. aṭṭha. 173) ettha viya anārammaṇatā vā abyākatatā daṭṭhabbā. <span class="bld">Āyatanalakkhaṇa</span>nti ghaṭṭanalakkhaṇaṃ, āyānaṃ tananalakkhaṇaṃ vā. Dassanassa yathāsakaṃ visayaggahaṇassa karaṇato <span class="bld">dassanarasaṃ</span>. ‘‘Dassanādirasa’’nti pana <span class="bld">sammohavinodaniyaṃ</span> vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Vatthudvārabhāvapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ</span> yathārahaṃ viññāṇamanoviññāṇadhātūnanti adhippāyo. Vatthuggahaṇañcettha cakkhādipañcakāpekkhaṃ. Akusalavipākupekkhāya aniṭṭhabhāvato dukkhena, itarāya iṭṭhabhāvato sukhena saṅgahitattā <span class="bld">‘‘sukhadukkhapaccupaṭṭhānā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Dukkhasamudayattā <span class="bld">hetulakkhaṇā taṇhā</span>. ‘‘Tatratatrābhinandinī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.91, 460; saṃ. ni. 5.1081; vibha. 203; mahāva. 14) vacanato <span class="bld">abhinandanarasā</span>. Cittassa, puggalassa vā rūpādīsu atittabhāvo hutvā gayhatīti <span class="bld">atittabhāvapaccupaṭṭhānā. Amuñcanarasaṃ</span> taṇhādiṭṭhābhinivesavasena. Taṇhādaḷhattaṃ <a name="V2.0239"></a> hutvā kāmupādānaṃ, sesāni diṭṭhi hutvā upaṭṭhahantīti <span class="bld">taṇhādaḷhattadiṭṭhipaccupaṭṭhānaṃ</span>. Kammupapattibhavavasena bhavassa lakkhaṇādayo yojetabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para589"></a><span class="paranum">589</span>. <span class="bld">Mohādibhāvato</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena ananubodhādīnaṃ saṅgaho. Dukkhādīsu aññāṇavasena <span class="bld">appaṭipatti,</span> asubhādīsu subhādivipallāsavasena <span class="bld">micchāpaṭipatti</span>. Diṭṭhivippayuttavasena vā <span class="bld">appaṭipatti,</span> diṭṭhisampayuttavasena <span class="bld">micchāpaṭipatti. Dvārārammaṇato</span>ti dvārato, ārammaṇato ca chasu dvāresu, chasu ārammaṇesu ca pavattanato. Ayaṃ pana vibhāgo na avijjāya eva, aññesupi paṭiccasamuppādaṅgesu arūpadhammānaṃ labbhatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbesupī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vipākadhammadhammādibhāvato</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena nevasekkhānāsekkhasaṃyojaniyādibhāve saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Catuyonisaṃvattanato</span>ti catuyonipariyāpannattabhāvanibbattanato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Lokiyavibhāgādibhāvato</span>ti <a name="M2.0255"></a> ettha <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena abyākatasappaccayasaṅkhatādibhāve saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Sahetukāhetukādito</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena sasaṅkhārāsaṅkhārādibhede saṅgaṇhāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāmaṃ nāmarūpaṃ paccuppannaddhavasena vuccati, tathāpi yathā paccuppannaṃ, evaṃ atītānāgatampīti addhadvayapariyāpannassāpi nayato gahetabbattā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘atītādito tividha’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sañjātisamosaraṇaṭṭhānato</span>ti viññāṇataṃsampayuttadhammānaṃ uppattipavattidesabhāvato. <span class="bld">‘‘Bhūtappasādaviññāṇato’’</span>ti pāṭho yutto. ‘‘Viññāṇādito’’ti pana paṭhanti. Ekasesanayena bāhirāyatanassāpi saṅgahe sati ādi-saddena tassa saṅgahitatā daṭṭhabbā. <span class="bld">Nobhayagocara</span>nti manāyatanamāha. Na hi arūpadhammānaṃ desavasena āsannatā, dūratā vā atthi aviggahattā, tasmā manāyatanassa gocaro manāyatanaṃ sampatto, asampatto vāti na vuccati. <span class="bld">Phassādīnampī</span>ti ettha phasso tāva phusanasabhāvato, lokiyasāsavādibhāvato ca ekavidho. Paṭighasamphassaadhivacanasamphassabhedato, sahetukādibhāvato ca duvidho. Bhavattayapariyāpannato, vedanāttayasampayogato<a name="V2.0240"></a>, ahetukaduhetukatihetukato ca tividho. Yonigativasena catubbidho, pañcavidho ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vedanā</span> anubhavanalakkhaṇato, lokiyasāsavādibhāvato ca ekavidhā. Pañcadvārikamanodvārikabhedato duvidhā. Sukhādibhedato tividhā. Yonigativasena catubbidhā, pañcavidhā ca. Chaḷārammaṇabhedato chabbidhā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Taṇhā</span> lokassa samudayabhāvato ekavidhā. Duvidhā diṭṭhisampayuttavippayuttabhāvato. Tividhā kāmabhavavibhavataṇhābhedato. Catubbidhā catumaggapaheyyato. Pañcavidhā rūpābhinandanādibhāvato. Chabbidhā chataṇhākāyabhedato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upādānaṃ</span> ekavidhaṃ daḷhaggāhabhāvato. Duvidhaṃ taṇhādiṭṭhibhedato. Tividhaṃ bhavattayūpanissayabhāvato. Catubbidhaṃ kāmupādānādibhedato. Pañcavidhaṃ pañcagatisaṃvattanato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhavo</span> <a name="M2.0256"></a> ekavidho lokiyasāsavādibhāvato. Duvidho kammupapattibhedato. Tividho kāmabhavādibhedato. Catubbidho caturupādānapaccayato. Pañcavidho pañcagatisaṃvattanato. Chabbidho kāmakammabhavādibhedato. Sattavidho sattaviññāṇaṭṭhitisaṅgahato. Aṭṭhavidho caturupādānapaccayakammabhavādibhedato. Navavidho kāmabhavādibhedato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Jāti</span> ekavidhā tattha tattha bhave paṭhamābhinibbattibhāvato. Duvidhā rūpakkhandhasaṅkhārakkhandhasaṅgahato. Tividhā bhavattayapariyāpannato. Yonigativasena catubbidhā, pañcavidhā ca. Iminā nayena jarāmaraṇādīnampi ekavidhādibhāvo veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para590"></a><span class="paranum">590</span>. Sokādīnampi gahitattā aṅgabahuttappasaṅge ‘‘dvādasevā’’ti aṅgavavatthānaṃ veditabbaṃ. Na hi sokādayo aṅgabhāvena vuttā, phalena pana kāraṇaṃ avijjaṃ mūlaṅgaṃ dassetuṃ te vuttā. Jarāmaraṇabbhāhatassa hi bālassa te sambhavantīti sokādīnaṃ jarāmaraṇakāraṇatā vuttā, na pana ‘‘kāyikāya dukkhāya vedanāya phuṭṭho’’ti ca sutte jarāmaraṇanimittañca dukkhaṃ saṅgahitanti taṃ tannimittānaṃ jarāmaraṇabbhāhatassa sambhave sādhakabhāvena vuttaṃ. Yasmā pana jarāmaraṇeneva <a name="V2.0241"></a> sokādīnaṃ ekasaṅkhepo kato, tasmā tesaṃ jātipaccayatā yujjati. Jarāmaraṇapaccayabhāve hi avijjāya ekasaṅkhepo kātabbo siyā. Jātipaccayā pana jarāmaraṇaṃ<a name="M2.0257"></a>, sokādayo ca sambhavantīti tattha jarāmaraṇaṃ ekantikaṃ aṅgabhāvena gahitaṃ. Sokādayo pana rūpabhavādīsu abhāvato anekantikā kevalaṃ pākaṭena phalena avijjānidassanatthaṃ gahitā. Tena anāgate jātiyā sati tato parāya paṭisandhiyā hetuhetubhūtā avijjā dassitāti bhavacakkassa avicchedo dassito hotīti. Suttañca sokādīnaṃ avijjā kāraṇanti etasseva atthassa sādhakaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ, na sokādīnaṃ bālassa jarāmaraṇanimittatāmattassa. ‘‘Assutavā puthujjano’’ti hi vacanena avijjā sokādīnaṃ kāraṇanti dassitā, na ca jarāmaraṇanimittameva dukkhaṃ dukkhanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparo nayo jarāmaraṇampi paccayo, aññathā dvādasaṅgāni na paripūrenti. Kassa pana so paccayo? Sokādīnaṃ. Yadi evaṃ kasmā ‘‘jarāmaraṇapaccayā sokādayo sambhavantī’’ti avatvā ‘‘jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇaṃ, sokādayo ca sambhavantī’’ti vuttanti? Yasmā tadaññenapi dukkhadhammena phuṭṭhassa te sambhavanti, tasmā appahīnasaṃyojanassāpi tesaṃ tappaccayatā na ekaṃsikāti jātipaccayatāva vuttā. Atha vā jarāmaraṇaggahaṇena upapattibhavo saṅgahito. Upādinnakkhandhaparipāko hi āyuno saṃhāni, indriyānaṃ paripāko ca jarā, tesañca bhedo maraṇanti. Sati ca upapattibhave tattha katupacitaṃ, porāṇaṃ vā kammaṃ <span class="bld">kammabhavo,</span> kammādiupaṭṭhāne cutianantaraṃ paṭisandhiṃ janetīti <span class="bld">upapattibhavo</span> jātiyā paccayo, tasmā jarāmaraṇampi jātiyā paccayatāya paṭiccasamuppādo. Yasmā pana ‘‘bhavapaccayā jātī’’ti ettheva upapattibhavassa jātiyā paccayatā saṅgahitā, tasmā vuttapariyāyasaṅgahato ca ‘‘jarāmaraṇapaccayā jātī’’ti na vuttaṃ. Evaṃ jarāmaraṇassāpi paccayabhāvasiddhito paṭiccasamuppādatāti dvādasaṅgatā vavatthitāti veditabbā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘dvādasevā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ tāvā</span>ti ‘‘desanābhedato’’tiādinā vuttaṃ atthasaṃvaṇṇanaṃ sandhāyāha.</p>
<p class="subhead">Avijjāpaccayāsaṅkhārapadakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para591"></a><span class="paranum">591</span>. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ panā</span>ti idāni vakkhamānaṃ. ‘‘Katamā ca, bhikkhave, avijjā dukkhe aññāṇa’’ntiādinā (ma. ni. 1.103) suttantesu catuṭṭhānikā avijjā vuttāti <span class="bld">‘‘suttantapariyāyenā’’</span>ti <a name="V2.0242"></a> vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Nikkhepakaṇḍe</span> (dha. sa. 1106) pana suttantesu catūsu ṭhānesu kathitāya eva avijjāya aṭṭhasu ṭhānesu kiccajātito kathitattā tadatthavaṇṇanāvasena vibhāvanaṃ kātuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘abhidhammapariyāyenā’’</span>ti ārabhitvā <span class="bld">‘‘vuttañheta’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Ahāpetvā vibhajitabbaṃ. Vibhajanañhi abhidhammapariyāyo. ‘‘Aṭṭhasu ṭhānesu aññāṇa’’nti ānetvā taṃ sambandhitabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Sesaṭṭhānesū</span>ti dukkhasamudayesu, pubbantādīsu ca. <span class="bld">Ārammaṇavasenā</span>ti ārammaṇakaraṇavasenāpi. <span class="bld">Idhā</span>ti imasmiṃ ‘‘dukkhe aññāṇa’’ntiādike pāṭhe. <span class="bld">Sā</span>ti avijjā. <span class="bld">Uppannā</span>ti asamūhatuppannā, pageva paccuppannā. ‘‘Paṭicchādetvā’’ti ettha vuttaṃ paṭicchādanākāraṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yāthāvasarasalakkhaṇaṃ paṭivijjhituṃ na detī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Rasitabbo paṭivijjhitabbo sabhāvo raso, attano raso saraso, yāthāvo yathābhūto saraso yāthāvasaraso, yo ‘‘pīḷanaṭṭho’’tiādinā (paṭi. ma. 2.8) vutto <a name="M2.0258"></a> dukkhasaccappabhedā eva ca pubbantādayo, so eva lakkhitabbattā <span class="bld">yāthāvasarasalakkhaṇaṃ</span>. Taṃ <span class="bld">paṭivijjhituṃ</span> paccakkhato jānituṃ <span class="bld">na deti</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tadubhaya</span>nti pubbantañceva aparantañca atītaṃ, anāgatañca khandhapañcakaṃ. Pubbantāparantabhāgavantatāya vā paccuppannaddhabhūto majjhanto pubbantāparanto. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ avijjā ime saṅkhārā</span>ti idappaccayatāpaṭiccasamuppannadhammesu paccakkhato jānanākāradassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti etesu dukkhādīsu. Yadipi avijjā dukkhādīsu ārammaṇakaraṇavasenapi pavattati, yathā pana nirodhamagge ārammaṇaṃ kātuṃ asakkontī te jānitukāmassa tappaṭicchādanavasena, anirodhamaggesu nirodhamaggaggahaṇakāraṇabhāvena ca pavattamānā te yāthāvato paṭivijjhituṃ na deti, evaṃ dukkhādīsupīti veditabbaṃ. Tathā hi vuttaṃ ‘‘paṭicchādanavaseneva idhādhippetā’’ti. Dukkhādivisayo andhatamakaro, lobhādīnañca andhatamakarānaṃ paccayabhūto adassanākāro <span class="bld">aññāṇaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para592"></a><span class="paranum">592</span>. <span class="bld">Puññādayo</span>ti puññābhisaṅkhārādayo. Tattha punāti attano santānaṃ apuññaphalato, dukkhasaṃkilesato ca sodhetīti puññaṃ. Hitasukhajjhāsayena puññaṃ karotīti tannipphādanena kārakassa ajjhāsayaṃ pūreti, pujjabhavaṃ nibbattetīti vā puññaṃ. Iti pūrako, pujjanibbattako ca niruttinayena puññanti veditabbo. Puññañca so attano phalassa abhisaṅkharaṇaṭṭhena abhisaṅkhāro cāti <span class="bld">puññābhisaṅkhāro</span>. Puññapaṭipakkhato apuññanti vuttavipariyāyena <span class="bld">apuññābhisaṅkhāro</span> veditabbo. Samādhipaccanīkānaṃ atidūratāya na iñjati, aniñjañca <a name="V2.0243"></a> bhavaṃ abhisaṅkharotīti <span class="bld">āneñjābhisaṅkhāro</span>. Kāyena pavattito, kāyato vā pavatto, kāyassa vā saṅkhāroti <span class="bld">kāyasaṅkhāro</span>. Vacīcittasaṅkhāresupi eseva nayo. Tattha paṭhamattiko <span class="bld">parivīmaṃsanasuttā</span>divasena gahito. Tattha hi ‘‘puññaṃ ce saṅkhāraṃ abhisaṅkharoti, puññūpagaṃ hoti viññāṇa’’ntiādinā (saṃ. ni. 2.51) āgataṃ. Dutiyattiko <span class="bld">vibhaṅgasutta</span>vasena. Tattha hi ‘‘tayome, bhikkhave, saṅkhārā. Katame tayo? Kāyasaṅkhāro vacīsaṅkhāro cittasaṅkhāro’’ti (saṃ. ni. 2.28) vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vitthārato panā</span>tiādi puññābhisaṅkhārādīnaṃ sarūpato, pabhedato ca vibhāvanaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhāvanāvaseneva pavattā,</span> na dānasīlavasenāti tattha labbhamānaṃ puññakiriyavatthuṃ dasseti. Evañca katvā arūpāvacaracetanāpi <span class="bld">‘‘bhāvanāvaseneva</span> <a name="M2.0259"></a> <span class="bld">pavattā’’</span>ti vuttā. Ye pana ‘‘bhāvanāvasenevā’’ti avadhāraṇena abhiññācetanaṃ nivattetīti vadanti, tadayuttaṃ tāsampi avijjāpaccayatāya viya puññābhisaṅkhārabhāvassa ca icchitattā. Aññathā abhiññācittuppādassa puññakiriyavatthūsu asaṅgaho eva siyā, na ca yuttaṃ ‘‘kusalañca puññakiriyavatthuñca na hotī’’ti. <span class="bld">Pāṇātipātādī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena na tadavasiṭṭhaakusalakammapathānaṃyeva gahaṇaṃ, atha kho anavasesaakusalakammassāpi gahaṇaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Itaresu panā</span>ti kāyasaṅkhārādīsu. Puññābhisaṅkhārādayo pavattamānā imehi dvārehi pavattantīti <span class="bld">dvārato pavattidassanatthaṃ</span>. ‘‘Samavīsati cetanā’’ti kasmā vuttaṃ, yadi kāyavacīviññattiyo samuṭṭhāpentiyo kusalākusalacetanā kāyasaṅkhāro, vacīsaṅkhāroti ca vuccanti, evaṃ sante abhiññācetanāyapi kusalāya tathā pavattāya vacīsaṅkhārabhāvo vattabboti codanaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘abhiññācetanā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti kāyavacīsaṅkhāraggahaṇe, kāyavacīsañcetanāggahaṇe vā. <span class="bld">Na gahitā</span>ti aṭṭhakathāyaṃ na gahitā ‘‘abhiññācetanā viññāṇassa paccayo na hotī’’ti. Kasmā pana na hoti, nanu sāpi kusalā, vipākadhammā cāti? Saccametaṃ, anupacchinnataṇhāvijjamāne pana santāne sabyāpārappavattiyā tassā kusalatā, vipākadhammatā ca vuttā, na vipākuppādanena. Sā pana vipākaṃ uppādentī rūpāvacarameva uppādeyya. Na hi aññabhūmikaṃ kammaṃ aññabhūmikaṃ vipākaṃ uppādetīti. Attanā sadisārammaṇaṃ tiṭṭhānikameva ca uppādeyya <span class="bld">cittuppādakaṇḍe</span> rūpāvacaravipākassa kammasadisārammaṇasseva vuttattā. Na ca rūpāvacaravipāko parittādiārammaṇo atthi, abhiññācetanā <a name="V2.0244"></a> ca parittādiārammaṇāva hoti. Tasmā vipākaṃ na uppādetīti viññāyati. Kasiṇesu ca uppāditassa catutthajjhānasamādhissa ānisaṃsabhūtā abhiññā. Yathāha ‘‘so evaṃ samāhite citte’’tiādi (dī. ni. 1.244-245; ma. ni. 1.384-386, 431-433; pārā. 12). Tasmā samādhiphalasadisā sā, na ca phalaṃ deti. Dānasīlānisaṃsabhūto tasmiṃ bhave paccayalābho viyāti sāpi vipākaṃ na uppādetīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Yathā ca abhiññācetanā, evaṃ uddhaccacetanāpi na hotī’’</span>ti idaṃ uddhaccasahagatadhamme visuṃ uddharitvā ‘‘tesaṃ vipāke ñāṇaṃ atthapaṭisambhidā’’ti (vibha. 725) vuttattā <a name="M2.0260"></a> vicāretabbaṃ. Sā pana vicāraṇā heṭṭhā khandhaniddesavaṇṇanāyaṃ akusalakathāyaṃ vicāritā evāti tattha vicāritanayeneva veditabbā. Apicettha yadeke vibhajja vadanti, dassanabhāvanānaṃ abhāvepi yesaṃ puthujjanānaṃ, sekkhānañca dassanabhāvanāhi bhavitabbaṃ, tesaṃ taduppattikāle tehi pahātuṃ sakkuṇeyyā akusalā dassanena pahātabbā, bhāvanāya pahātabbāti ca vuccanti. Puthujjanānaṃ pana bhāvanāya abhāvā bhāvanāya pahātabbacintā natthi. Tena tesaṃ pavattamānā dassanena pahātuṃ asakkuṇeyyāpi bhāvanāya pahātabbāti na vuccanti. Yadi vucceyyuṃ, dassanenapahātabbā bhāvanāyapahātabbānaṃ kesañci kenaci kadāci ārammaṇaārammaṇādhipatiupanissayapaccayehi paccayo bhaveyyuṃ? Na ca paṭṭhāne dassanenapahātabbā bhāvanāyapahātabbānaṃ kenaci paccayena paccayoti vuttā. Sekkhānaṃ pana vijjamānā bhāvanāya pahātuṃ sakkuṇeyyāti bhāvanāya pahātabbā. Teneva sekkhānaṃ dassanena pahātabbā, cattattā vantattā muttattā pahīnattā paṭinissaṭṭhattā ukkheṭitattā samukkheṭitattā assāditabbā, abhinanditabbā ca na honti. Pahīnatāya eva somanassahetubhūtā, avikkhepahetubhūtā ca na domanassaṃ, uddhaccañca uppādentīti na te tesaṃ ārammaṇaārammaṇādhipatibhāvaṃ, pakatūpanissayabhāvañca gacchanti. Na hi pahīne upanissāya ariyo rāgādikilese uppādeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘sotāpattimaggena ye kilesā pahīnā, te kilese na puneti na pacceti na paccāgacchati…pe… arahattamaggena…pe… paccāgacchatī’’ti (mahāni. 80; cūḷani. mettagūmāṇavapucchāniddesa 27). Na ca puthujjanānaṃ dassanena pahātuṃ sakkuṇeyyā, itaresaṃ na kenaci paccayena paccayo hontīti na sakkā vattuṃ ‘‘diṭṭhiṃ assādeti abhinandati, taṃ ārabbha rāgo uppajjati, diṭṭhi, vicikicchā, uddhaccaṃ uppajjati. Vicikicchaṃ ārabbha vicikicchā<a name="V2.0245"></a>, diṭṭhi, uddhaccaṃ uppajjatī’’ti (paṭṭhā. 1.1.407) diṭṭhivicikicchānaṃ uddhaccārammaṇapaccayabhāvassa vuttattā. Ettha hi <span class="bld">uddhacca</span>nti uddhaccasahagatacittuppādaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Evañca katvā adhipatipaccayaniddese ‘‘diṭṭhiṃ garuṃ katvā assādeti abhinandati, taṃ garuṃ katvā rāgo uppajjati, diṭṭhi uppajjatī’’ti (paṭṭhā. 1.1.415) ettakameva <a name="M2.0261"></a> vuttaṃ, na vuttaṃ ‘‘uddhaccaṃ uppajjatī’’ti. Tasmā dassanabhāvanāhi pahātabbānaṃ atītādibhāvena na vattabbattepi yādisānaṃ tāhi anuppattidhammatā āpādetabbā, tesu puthujjanesu vattamānā dassanaṃ apekkhitvā tena pahātuṃ sakkuṇeyyā dassanena pahātabbā, sekkhesu vattamānā bhāvanaṃ apekkhitvā tāya pahātuṃ sakkuṇeyyā bhāvanāya pahātabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tesu bhāvanāya pahātabbā sahāyavirahā vipākaṃ na janayantīti bhāvanāya pahātabbacetanāya nānākkhaṇikakammapaccayabhāvo na vutto, apekkhitabbadassanabhāvanārahitānaṃ pana puthujjanesu uppajjamānānaṃ sakabhaṇḍe chandarāgādīnaṃ, uddhaccasahagatacittuppādassa ca saṃyojanattayatadekaṭṭhakilesānaṃ anupacchinnatāya aparikkhīṇasahāyānaṃ vipākuppādanaṃ na sakkā paṭisedhitunti uddhaccasahagatadhammānaṃ vipāko vibhaṅge vutto. Yadi evaṃ, apekkhitabbadassanabhāvanārahitānaṃ akusalānaṃ nevadassanena-nabhāvanāyapahātabbatāya navattabbatā āpajjatīti? Nāpajjati, appahātabbānaṃ ‘‘nevadassanena-nabhāvanāya pahātabbā’’ti (dha. sa. tikamātikā 9) vuttattā, appahātabbaviruddhasabhāvattā ca akusalānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evampi te imasmiṃ tike ‘‘navattabbā’’ti vattabbā āpajjantīti? Nāpajjanti, cittuppādakaṇḍe dassitānaṃ dvādasaakusalacittuppādānaṃ dvīhi padehi saṅgahitattā. Yathā hi dhammavasena sabbe saṅkhatadhammā saṅgahitāti uppannattike kālavasena asaṅgahitāpi atītā ‘‘navattabbā’’ti na vuttā cittuppādarūpabhāvena gahitesu navattabbassa abhāvā, evamidhāpi cittuppādabhāvena gahitesu navattabbassa asaṅgahitassa abhāvā navattabbatā navuttāti veditabbā. Yattha hi cittuppādo koci niyogato navattabbo atthi, tattha tesaṃ catuttho koṭṭhāso atthīti yathāvuttapadesu viya tatthāpi bhinditvā bhajāpetabbacittuppāde bhinditvā bhajāpeti ‘‘siyā navattabbā parittārammaṇā’’tiādinā (dha. sa. 1422). Tadabhāvā uppannattike, idha ca tathā na vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha <a name="V2.0246"></a> vā yathā sappaṭighehi samānasabhāvattā rūpadhātuyaṃ tayo mahābhūtā sappaṭighāti vuttā. Yathāha ‘‘asaññasattānaṃ anidassanasappaṭighaṃ ekaṃ mahābhūtaṃ paṭicca dve mahābhūtā, dve mahābhūte paṭicca ekaṃ mahābhūta’’nti<a name="M2.0262"></a>, evaṃ puthujjanānaṃ pavattamānā bhāvanāya pahātabbasamānasabhāvā bhāvanāya pahātabbāti vucceyyunti? Natthi navattabbatāpasaṅgo. Evañca sati puthujjanānaṃ pavattamānāpi bhāvanāya pahātabbā sakabhaṇḍe chandarāgādayo parabhaṇḍe chandarāgādīnaṃ upanissayapaccayo, rāgo ca rāgadiṭṭhīnaṃ adhipatipaccayoti ayamattho laddho hoti. Yathā pana aphoṭṭhabbattā rūpadhātuyaṃ tayo mahābhūtā na paramatthato sappaṭighā, evaṃ apekkhitabbabhāvanārahitā puthujjanesu vattamānā sakabhaṇḍe chandarāgādayo na paramatthato bhāvanāya pahātabbāti bhāvanāya pahātabbānaṃ nānākkhaṇikakammapaccayatā na vuttā. Na ca dassanenapahātabbā bhāvanāyapahātabbānaṃ kenaci paccayena paccayoti vuttā. Ye hi dassanena pahātabbapaccayā kilesā, na te dassanato uddhaṃ pavattanti. Dassanena pahātabbapaccayassapi pana uddhaccasahagatassa sahāyavekallamattameva dassanena kataṃ, na tassa koci bhāvo dassanena anuppattidhammataṃ āpāditoti tassa ekantabhāvanāyapahātabbatā vuttā. Tasmā tassa tādisasseva sati sahāye vipākuppādanavacanaṃ, asati ca vipākānuppādanavacanaṃ na virujjhatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tayidaṃ sabbaṃ tesaṃ ācariyānaṃ ahopurisikāmattanti apare. Kasmā? Uddhaccasahagatassa ekantena bhāvanāya pahātabbattā. Evañhi vuttaṃ bhagavatā ‘‘katame dhammā bhāvanāya pahātabbā? Uddhaccasahagato cittuppādo’’ti (dha. sa. 1406). Yadi hi taṃ icchitaṃ siyā, yathā atītārammaṇattike ‘‘niyogā anāgatārammaṇā natthī’’ti (dha. sa. 1433) vatvā vibhajja vuttaṃ, evamidhāpi ‘‘niyogā bhāvanāya pahātabbā natthī’’ti vatvā ‘‘uddhaccasahagato siyā bhāvanāya pahātabbo, siyā na vattabbo’’ti vadeyya. Yā ca taṃ samatthentena ‘‘yadi vucceyyu’’ntiādinā yutti vuttā, sāpi ayutti. Kasmā? Yasmā dassanena pahātabbārammaṇānaṃ rāgadiṭṭhivicikicchāuddhaccānaṃ dassanena pahātabbabhāvo eva icchitoti. Yaṃ pana uddhaccaggahaṇena <span class="bld">pāḷiyaṃ</span> uddhaccasahagato cittuppādo vuttoti vatvā taṃ sādhetuṃ adhipatipaccayaniddese uddhaccassa anuddharaṇaṃ nibandhanaṃ vuttaṃ, tampi anibandhanaṃ paṭṭhāne sāvasesapāṭhadassanato. Tathā hi ‘‘atīto dhammo paccuppannassa dhammassa, anāgato dhammo paccuppannassa dhammassa ārammaṇapaccayena paccayo’’ti <a name="M2.0263"></a> (paṭṭhā. 2.18.2) etesaṃ vibhaṅge cetopariyañāṇaggahaṇaṃ <a name="V2.0247"></a> katvā ‘‘paccuppanno dhammo paccuppannassa dhammassā’’ti etassa <span class="bld">vibhaṅge</span> labbhamānampi na uddhaṭaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bhāvanāya pahātabbassa vipākadānaṃ pati dassanena pahātabbassa sahāyabhāvūpagamanaṃ vicāretabbaṃ. Kiṃ avijjādi viya dānasīlādīnaṃ uppattiyāyeva vipākadānasāmatthiyā ṭhānavasena dassanenapahātabbaṃ bhāvanāyapahātabbassa sahāyabhāvaṃ upagacchati, udāhu kilesā viya kammassa paṭisandhidānaṃ patīti? Kiñcettha – yadi tāva purimo pakkho pahīnadassanappahātabbattā sekkhasantāne pavattino bhāvanāpahātabbassa kiriyabhāvo āpajjati pahīnāvijjātaṇhāmāne santāne pavattadānādi viya. Atha dutiyo, tassāpi dassanenapahātabbatā āpajjati apāyagamanīyasabhāvānativattanato, tasmā heṭṭhā vicāritanayeneva uddhaccasahagatassa vipākadānaṃ pati pāḷiyā, aṭṭhakathāya ca avirujjhanavasenettha atthavinicchayo veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sāpī</span>ti uddhaccacetanāpi. <span class="bld">Viññāṇassa paccayabhāve</span>ti sampuṇṇassa vipākaviññāṇassa paccayabhāve. Yadi apanetabbā, kasmā ‘‘samavīsati cetanā’’ti vuttanti tassa kāraṇaṃ dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘avijjāpaccayā pana sabbāpetā hontī’’</span>ti. Abhiññācetanāyapi paccayabhāvaṃ dasseti. Yadi evaṃ abhiññācetanāya saha ekavīsatīti vattabbaṃ, na, tathā avacanassa vuttakāraṇattā. Taṃ pana itarāvacanassāpi kāraṇanti samānarūpāya ekissā avacane yaṃ kāraṇaṃ apekkhitvā ekā na vuttā, tena kāraṇena vuttāyapi avattabbataṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ tiko</span>ti kāyasaṅkhārattiko. <span class="bld">Purimattika</span>nti puññābhisaṅkhārattikaṃ. <span class="bld">Pavisatī</span>ti kathaṃ pavisati. Puññābhisaṅkhāro hi aṭṭhakāmāvacaracetanāpabhedo kāyaduccaritato viramantassa siyā kāyasaṅkhāro, vacīduccaritato viramantassa siyā vacīsaṅkhāro, manodvāre pana uppannā terasapi cetanā puññābhisaṅkhāro ca hoti cittasaṅkhāro ca. Apuññābhisaṅkhāropi kāyaduccaritavasena pavattiyaṃ siyā kāyasaṅkhāro, vacīduccaritavasena pavattiyaṃ siyā vacīsaṅkhāro, dve dvārāni muñcitvā manodvāre pavattiyaṃ siyā cittasaṅkhāro, āneñjābhisaṅkhāro cāti evaṃ dutiyattiko purimattikameva <a name="M2.0264"></a> pavisati. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘atthato puññābhisaṅkhārādīnaṃyeva vasena avijjāya paccayabhāvo veditabbo’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para593"></a><span class="paranum">593</span>. <span class="bld">Avijjābhāve</span> <a name="V2.0248"></a> <span class="bld">bhāvato</span>ti avijjāya atthibhāve saṅkhārānaṃ bhāvato. Na hi avijjāya asati kadāci saṅkhārā sambhavanti. Idāni taṃ avijjāya bhāvaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘aññāṇaṃ appahīnaṃ hotī’’</span>ti āha. Tena maggena anirodho idha avijjāya atthibhāvo, na dharamānatā evāti dasseti. Svāyamattho heṭṭhā vibhāvitoyeva. <span class="bld">‘‘Avijjāsaṅkhāta’’</span>nti ca iminā ñāṇābhāvādiṃ nivatteti. Ayañhi <span class="bld">a</span>-kāro ‘‘ahetukā dhammā (dha. sa. dukamātikā 2) abhikkhuko āvāso’’tiādīsu (cūḷava. 76) taṃyoganivattiyaṃ dissati. Abhāvo hettha dīpito. ‘‘Appaccayā dhammā’’ti (dha. sa. dukamātikā 7) taṃsambandhitānivattiyaṃ. Paccayuppannañhi paccayasambandhīti appaccayuppannattāti taṃsambandhitā ettha jotīyati. ‘‘Anidassanā dhammā’’ti (dha. sa. dukamātikā 9) taṃsabhāvanivattiyaṃ. Nidassanañhi daṭṭhabbatā. Atha cakkhuviññāṇaṃ nidassanaṃ na passatīti taggahetabbatānivattiyaṃ. Tathā ‘‘anāsavā dhammā’’ti (dha. sa. dukamātikā 15). ‘‘Appaṭighā dhammā (dha. sa. dukamātikā 10), anārammaṇā dhammā’’ti (dha. sa. dukamātikā 55) taṃkiccanivattiyaṃ. ‘‘Arūpino dhammā (dha. sa. tikamātikā 11), acetasikā dhammā’’ti (dha. sa. dukamātikā 57) tabbhāvanivattiyaṃ. Tadaññathā hi ettha pakāsīyati. ‘‘Amanusso’’ti (dī. ni. 2.321) tabbhāvamattanivattiyaṃ. Manussattamattaṃ natthi, aññaṃ samānanti sadisatā hettha sūcīyati. ‘‘Assamaṇo samaṇapaṭiñño (a. ni. 3.13, 27; pu. pa. 91, 124), aputto’’ti tathā sambhāvanīyaguṇanivattiyaṃ. Garahā hi ettha ñāyati. ‘‘Kacci bhoto anāmayaṃ (jā. 1.15.146; 2.20.129), anudarā kaññā’’ti tadanappabhāvanivattiyaṃ. ‘‘Anuppannā dhammā’’ti (dha. sa. tikamātikā 17) taṃsadisabhāvanivattiyaṃ. Atītānañhi uppannapubbattā, uppādidhammānañca paccayekadesanibbattiyā āraddhuppādabhāvā, kālavinimuttassa ca vijjamānattā uppannānukūlatā, pageva paccuppannānanti tabbidhurabhāvo ettha viññāyati. ‘‘Asekkhā dhammā’’ti (dha. sa. tikamātikā 11) tadapariyosānanivattiyaṃ. Tanniṭṭhānañhettha pakāsīyati. Imesaṃ pana atthānaṃ asambhavato pārisesena yathā kusalapaṭipakkhā dhammā akusalā, evaṃ vijjāpaṭipakkhā avijjāti katvā ñāṇapaṭipakkho dhammo aññāṇanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sukhasaññāya</span> <a name="M2.0265"></a> <span class="bld">gahetvā</span> dukkhadukkhavipariṇāmadukkhasaṅkhāradukkhatāhi viññūhi dukkhantveva gahetabbaṃ saṃsāradukkhaṃ sukhanti saññāya abhinivisitvā, etena tattha taṇhāpavattiṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Ārabhatī</span>ti <a name="V2.0249"></a> nibbatteti. <span class="bld">Taṇhāparikkhāre</span>ti taṇhāya ‘‘sukhaṃ subha’’ntiādinā saṅkhate parikkhate, alaṅkateti attho. Taṇhā hi dukkhassa samudayoti ajānanto bālo ‘‘aho vatāhaṃ kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā khattiyamahāsālānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjeyya’’ntiādinā (ma. ni. 1.442) paritassanto kāyasaṅkhāre parikkharoti. <span class="bld">Taṇhāparikkhāre</span>ti vā taṇhāya parivārabhūte. Taṇhāvatthuṃ hi cakkhādiṃ, rūpādiñca abhisaṅkharitvā taṃsamaṅgīnaṃ dentā saṅkharā taṇhāya upanentā tassā parivārā viya hontīti. <span class="bld">Gativisese</span> brahmalokādike. Anekasatapasubaddhabhiṃsano vājapeyyādiko <span class="bld">yañño</span>. Amaraṇatthāti gahitā dukkarakiriyā <span class="bld">amaratapo</span>. Amaro vā devo vā bhaveyyaṃ, devaññataro vāti pavattitā vatacariyā <span class="bld">amaratapo</span>. Dukkhattā vā maro mārako tapo <span class="bld">amaratapo</span>. Diṭṭhe adiṭṭhasaddo viya mare amarasaddo daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Jātiādipapātadukkhajananato maruppapātasadisatā puññābhisaṅkhārassa vuttā. <span class="bld">‘‘Mahāpariḷāhajanika’’</span>nti iminā anudahanaṭṭhena tiṇukkāsadisataṃ puññaphalassa dasseti. <span class="bld">Appassādatañcā</span>ti <span class="bld">ca</span>-saddena adhikuṭṭanavinivijjhanaaṅgapaccaṅgapalibhañjanādiṃ saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Tappaccaya</span>nti tassa vipariṇāmadukkhasabhāvassa sugatiphalassa paccayabhūtaṃ. Ramaṇīyabhāvena ca assādabhāvena ca gayhamānaṃ puññaphalaṃ dīpasikhāmadhulittasatthadhārāsadisaṃ. Tadattho ca puññābhisaṅkhāro taṃnipātalehanasadiso vutto. ‘‘Sukho imissā paribbājikāya taruṇāya mudukāya lomasāya bāhāya samphasso’’tiādinā (ma. ni. 1.469) sukhasaññāya asubhabhāvassa asallakkhaṇeneva ekaccakāmaparibhogoti bālo viya gūthakīḷanaṃ, kilesābhibhūtatāya kodhāratiabhibhūto asavaso maritukāmo viya visakhādanaṃ sampati kiriyākhaṇe, āyatiṃ phalakkhaṇe ca jigucchanīyaṃ, dukkhañca apuññābhisaṅkhāraṃ ārabhati. Lobhasahagatassa vā gūthakīḷanasadisatā, dosasahagatassa visakhādanasadisatā yojetabbā. Sabhayassāpi pisācanagarassa kāmaguṇasamiddhiyā sukhavipallāsahetubhāvo viya āruppavipākānaṃ <a name="M2.0266"></a> nirantaratāya, anupalakkhiyamānauppādavayānaṃ dīghasantānatāya agayhamānavipariṇāmānaṃ saṅkhāravipariṇāmadukkhabhūtānampi niccādivipallāsahetubhāvoti, tesaṃ pisācanagarasadisatā, tadabhimukhagamanasadisatā ca āneñjābhisaṅkhārassa yojetabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Avijjābhāvatova saṅkhārabhāvo, na abhāvatoti saṅkhārānaṃ avijjāpaccayabhāve saṅkhepena anvayato, byatirekato ca vuttamatthaṃ suttena samatthetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vuttampi ceta’’</span>ntiādinā suttapadaṃ ābhataṃ<a name="V2.0250"></a>. Tattha <span class="bld">avidvā</span>ti aviddasu. <span class="bld">Avijjāgato</span>ti avijjāya samannāgato, appahīnāvijjoti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="subhead">Paṭṭhānapaccayakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para594"></a><span class="paranum">594</span>. <span class="bld">Tāvā</span>ti vattabbantarāpekkho nipāto, tena ‘‘avijjā saṅkhārānaṃ paccayo’’ti idaṃ tāva siddhaṃ, idaṃ pana aparaṃ vattabbanti dasseti. ‘‘Idaṃ pana vattabba’’nti yamatthaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ, taṃ dassetuṃ paccayadhammā nāma yesaṃ paccayā honti, yathā vā paccayā honti, tadubhayesaṃ bahubhāvato anekadhāva paccayā hontīti avijjāyapi taṃ āsaṅkanto pucchi <span class="bld">‘‘katamesaṃ saṅkhārānaṃ kathaṃ paccayo hotī’’</span>ti, puññābhisaṅkhārādayo bahū saṅkhārā vuttā. Avijjā ca tesaṃ paccayo hoti, na sabbesaṃ ekadhāva hoti, tasmā imesaṃ saṅkhārānaṃ evaṃ paccayo hotīti idaṃ vattabbanti attho. <span class="bld">Tatrā</span>ti tasmiṃ paccayabhāve. Yadipi ‘‘katamesaṃ saṅkhārāna’’ntiādinā asādhāraṇato pucchā āraddhā, ekadesena pana samudāyopalakkhaṇametanti dvādasannaṃ paṭiccasamuppādaṅgānaṃ yathāsakaṃ paccayuppannānaṃ paccayabhāvo vattabboti taṃ dassetuṃ, avijjāya vā paccayabhāve pucchite tappasaṅgena sabbesampi paccayadhammānaṃ paccayabhāvaṃ visajjetukāmo paccaye tāva pāḷinayeneva dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘bhagavatā hī’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha ca bhagavatā catuvīsati paccayā vuttāti sambandho. Tesaṃ vasena avijjādīnaṃ paccayabhāvo veditabboti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Hetu ca so paccayo cā’’ti iminā vacanena hetuno, adhipatipaccayādibhūtassa ca gahaṇaṃ siyāti taṃ nivārento āha <span class="bld">‘‘hetu hutvā paccayo’’</span>ti. Evampi so eva doso āpajjatīti puna āha <span class="bld">‘‘hetubhāvena paccayoti vuttaṃ hotī’’</span>ti. Tena na idha hetusaddena dhammaggahaṇaṃ <a name="M2.0267"></a> kataṃ, atha kho dhammassa sattiviseso gahitoti dasseti. Tassa hi paccayasaddassa ca samānādhikaraṇataṃ sandhāya ‘‘hetu ca so paccayo ca, hetu hutvā paccayo’’ti ca vuttaṃ. Evañca katvā parato pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘hetū hetu…pe… hetupaccayena paccayo’’tiādinā (paṭṭhā. 1.1.1) tena tena hetubhāvādiupakārena tassa tassa dhammassa upakārakattaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Abhidhammaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> pana ‘‘yo hi dhammo yaṃ dhammaṃ appaccakkhāya tiṭṭhati vā uppajjati vā, so tassa paccayo’’ti (paṭṭhā. aṭṭha. paccayuddesavaṇṇanā), ‘‘mūlaṭṭhena upakārako dhammo hetupaccayo’’ti (paṭṭhā. aṭṭha. paccayuddesavaṇṇanā) ca evamādinā dhammapaṭṭhānaniddesena <a name="V2.0251"></a> dhammato aññā dhammasatti nāma natthīti dhammeheva dhammasattivibhāvanaṃ katanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Idhāpi vā ‘‘hetu ca so paccayo cā’’ti dhammeneva dhammasattiṃ dasseti. Na hi ‘‘hetupaccayo’’tiādiko uddeso kusalādiuddeso viya dhammappadhāno, atha kho dhammānaṃ upakārakabhāvappadhānoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Eseva nayo’’</span>ti iminā tabbhāvena paccayabhāvaṃ ārammaṇādīsu atidisati ‘‘ārammaṇañca taṃ paccayo cāti ārammaṇapaccayo, ārammaṇaṃ hutvā paccayo, ārammaṇabhāvena paccayoti attho’’ti, na kammadhārayamattaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para595"></a><span class="paranum">595</span>. <span class="bld">Vacanāvayavo</span>ti sādhanāvayavaṃ sandhāyāha. Vacanasabhāvañhi sādhanaṃ paresaṃ aviditatthañāpanato loke sādhananti pākaṭaṃ paññātaṃ. Tathā hi naṃ avayavalakkhaṇaṃ, vacanasabhāvañca sādhanaṃ, avayavapakkhādīni vacanāni sādhananti ca ñāyavādino vadanti. <span class="bld">Paṭiññā, hetūtiādīsū</span>ti paṭiññā, hetu, udāharaṇa, upanaya, nigamanāni. Udāharaṇasādhammiyā sādhyasādhanaṃ <span class="bld">hetu</span>. Virūpo hetūti ca evamādīsu kāraṇaṃ yaṃ kiñci kāraṇalakkhaṇaṃ, sampāpakalakkhaṇampi vā. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena tassāpi saṅgahetabbatāya, ñāpakalakkhaṇaṃ pana vacanāvayavaggahaṇena gahitaṃ. Kāmaṃ mūlampi kāraṇalakkhaṇaṃ kāraṇameva, kāraṇanti panettha paccayahetu gahito. Mūlanti hetuhetūti kāraṇavisesavisayattā mūlassa visuṃ gahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Etī</span>ti etassa atthavacanaṃ vattatīti, tañca uppattiṭṭhitīnaṃ sādhāraṇavacanaṃ. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘tiṭṭhati vā uppajjati vā’’</span>ti. Ekacco hi paccayo ṭhitiyā eva upakārako hoti yathā pacchājātapaccayo, ekacco <a name="M2.0268"></a> uppattiyā eva yathā anantarādiko, ekacco ubhayassa yathā hetuādayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upakārakalakkhaṇo</span>ti ca dhammena dhammasattiṃ upakāraṃ dassetīti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Hinoti patiṭṭhāti etthāti <span class="bld">hetu,</span> anekatthattā dhātusaddānaṃ hi-saddo mūlasaddo viya patiṭṭhattho veditabbo. Hinoti vā etena kammanidānabhūtena uddhaṃ ojaṃ atiharantena mūlena viya pādapo tappaccayaṃ phalaṃ gacchati pavattati vuddhiṃ viruḷhiṃ āpajjatīti <span class="bld">hetu</span>. Attano phalaṃ karotīti <span class="bld">kāraṇaṃ</span>. Nidadāti dassentaṃ viya hotīti <span class="bld">nidānaṃ</span>. Sambhavati taṃ etasmāti <span class="bld">sambhavo</span>. Pabhavati etasmāti <span class="bld">pabhavo</span>ti paccayahetusaddehi itaresampi samānatthatā veditabbā. Evaṃ santepi kāraṇavisesavisayo <a name="V2.0252"></a> hetusaddo, kāraṇasāmaññavisayo paccayasaddoti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘mūlaṭṭhenā’’</span>tiādimāha. Hetuattho, paccayaṭṭho ca heṭṭhā papañcavasena vuttoti taṃ saṅkhippaṃ dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘saṅkhepato…pe… hetupaccayo’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā sālivīhibījādīni taṃtaṃosadhīnaṃ sālivīhiādibhāvassa sādhakāni, maṇiādippabhāvatthūni ca nīlādivaṇṇāni nīlādippabhāsādhakāni, evaṃ hetupaccayo yathārahaṃ attanā sampayuttadhammānaṃ kusalādibhāvassa sādhakoti imamatthaṃ dasseti <span class="bld">‘‘so sāliādīna’’</span>ntiādinā. <span class="bld">Ācariyāna</span>nti ca revatācariyaṃ sandhāyāha. <span class="bld">Evaṃ sante</span>ti hetupaccayo yadi kusalādibhāvasādhako, evaṃ sati. <span class="bld">Na sampajjati</span> na sijjhati. Yathā kusalākusalahetu taṃsamuṭṭhānarūpassa kusalākusalabhāvāya na pariyatto, evaṃ abyākatopi hetu taṃsamuṭṭhānarūpassa abyākatabhāvāya. Sabhāveneva hi taṃ abyākatanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘na hi so tesaṃ kusalādibhāvaṃ sādhetī’’</span>ti. Hetupaccayo ca tesaṃ hotiyevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘na ca paccayo na hotī’’</span>ti. Idāni tamatthaṃ pāḷiyā samatthetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vuttañheta’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Vinā etenā</span>ti etena hetunā abyākatabhāvasādhakena vinā ahetukattā, abyākatabhāvo siddho sabhāvenevāti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Yoniso, bhikkhave, manasi karoto anuppannā ceva kusalā dhammā uppajjanti, uppannā ca kusalā dhammā abhivaḍḍhantī’’tiādi (a. ni. 1.67) vacanehi kusalabhāvassa <a name="M2.0269"></a> yonisomanasikārappaṭibaddhatā siddhāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yonisomanasikārappaṭibaddho kusalabhāvo’’</span>ti. Eteneva akusalaabyākatabhāvāpi kusalabhāvo viya na hetupaṭibaddhāti dassitaṃ hoti. Yaṃ paneke maññeyyuṃ ‘‘ahetukahetussa akusalabhāvo viya sahetukahetūnampi sabhāvatova kusalādibhāvo, aññesaṃ taṃsampayuttānaṃ hetupaṭibaddho’’ti, tassa uttaraṃ vattuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yadi cā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Alobho kusalo vā siyā abyākato vā</span>ti yadi alobho sabhāvato kusalo, so kusalasabhāvattā abyākato na siyā. Atha abyākato taṃsabhāvattā kusalo na siyā alobhasabhāvassa adosattābhāvo viya. Yasmā pana ubhayathāpi hoti, tasmā yathā ubhayathā hontesu saddhādīsu sampayuttesu hetupaṭibaddhaṃ kusalādibhāvaṃ pariyesetha, na sabhāvato, evaṃ hetūsupi kusalāditā aññapaṭibaddhā pariyesitabbā, na sabhāvatoti yaṃ vuttaṃ ‘‘sampayuttahetūsu sabhāvatova kusalādibhāvo’’ti, taṃ na yujjati. Sā pana pariyesiyamānā yonisomanasikārādipaṭibaddhā <a name="V2.0253"></a> hotīti hetūsu viya sampayuttesupi yonisomanasikārādipaṭibaddho kusalādibhāvo, na hetupaṭibaddhoti siddhaṃ hotīti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Viruḷhamūlā viyā</span>ti etena mūlāni viya mūlānīti dasseti. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘suppatiṭṭhitabhāvasādhanenā’’</span>ti. Svāyaṃ ‘‘kusalo dhammo kusalassa, kusalo dhammo abyākatassa, kusalo dhammo kusalābyākatassa, akusalo dhammo akusalassa, akusalo dhammo abyākatassa, akusalo dhammo akusalābyākatassa, abyākato dhammo abyākatassā’’ti evaṃ sattadhā <span class="bld">pañhāvāre</span> niddiṭṭho. Yaṃ pana vuttaṃ hetukiccaṃ dassentena ‘‘hetū hetusampayuttakānaṃ dhammānaṃ, taṃsamuṭṭhānānañca rūpānaṃ hetupaccayena paccayo’’ti (paṭṭhā. 1.1.1), tattha paṭhamo hetusaddo paccattaniddiṭṭho paccayadhammaniddeso, tenassa hetubhāvena upakārakatā hetupaccayatāti dasseti. Dutiyo paccayuppannavisesanaṃ, tena na yesaṃ kesañci sampayuttakānaṃ hetū hetupaccayena paccayo, atha kho hetunā sampayuttānamevāti dasseti. Nanu ca sampayuttasaddassa <a name="M2.0270"></a> sāpekkhattā dutiye hetusadde avijjamānepi aññassa apekkhitabbassa aniddiṭṭhattā hetū attanāva sampayuttakānaṃ hetupaccayena paccayoti ayamattho viññāyatīti? Nāyamekanto. Hetusaddo hi paccattaniddiṭṭho ‘‘hetupaccayena paccayo’’ti ettheva byāvaṭo yadā gayhati, na tadā sampayuttavisesanaṃ hotīti sampayuttaavisiṭṭhā ye keci gahitā bhaveyyunti. Nanu ca yathā ‘‘arūpino āhārā sampayuttakānaṃ dhammānaṃ, arūpino indriyā sampayuttakānaṃ dhammāna’’nti ca vutte dutiyena āhāraggahaṇena, indriyaggahaṇena ca vināpi āhārindriyasampayuttakāva gayhanti, evamidhāpi siyāti? Na, āhārindriyāsampayuttassa vajjetabbassa abhāvato. Vajjetabbābhāvato hi tattha dutiye āhārindriyaggahaṇe asatipi taṃsampayuttakāva gayhantīti taṃ na kataṃ, idha pana vajjetabbaṃ atthīti kattabbaṃ dutiyaṃ hetuggahaṇaṃ. Evampi ‘‘hetū hetusampayuttakāna’’nti ettha hetusampayuttakānaṃ so eva sampayuttakahetūti visesanassa akatattā yo koci hetu yassa kassaci hetusampayuttassa hetupaccayena paccayoti āpajjatīti? Nāpajjati, paccattaniddiṭṭhasseva hetuno puna sampayuttavisesanabhāvena vuttattā. Etadatthameva hi vināpi dutiyena hetusaddena hetusampayuttabhāve siddhepi tassa gahaṇaṃ kataṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha vā asati dutiye hetusadde hetusampayuttakānaṃ hetupaccayena paccayo, na pana hetūnanti evampi gahaṇaṃ siyāti tannivāraṇatthaṃ so vutto. Tena hetusampayuttabhāvaṃ ye labhanti, tesaṃ <a name="V2.0254"></a> sabbesaṃ hetūnaṃ, aññesampi hetū hetupaccayena paccayoti dassitaṃ hoti. Yasmā pana hetujhānamaggā patiṭṭhāmattādibhāvena aññadhammanirapekkhā, na āhārindriyā viya sāpekkhā eva, tasmā etesveva dutiyaṃ hetādiggahaṇaṃ kataṃ. Āhārindriyā pana āharitabbaīsitabbāpekkhā eva, tasmā te vināpi dutiyena āhārindriyaggahaṇena attanā eva āharitabbe, īsitabbe ca āhārindriyabhūte, aññe ca sampayuttake paricchindantīti taṃ tattha na kataṃ. Idha ca dutiyena hetuggahaṇena paccayuppannānaṃ hetunā, paccayabhūteneva ca sampayuttānaṃ hetūnaṃ, aññesañca paricchinnattā puna visesena kiccaṃ natthīti pañhāvāre ‘‘kusalā <a name="M2.0271"></a> hetū sampayuttakānaṃ khandhāna’’ntiādīsu dutiyaṃ hetuggahaṇaṃ na katanti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para596"></a><span class="paranum">596</span>. <span class="bld">Ārammaṇabhāvenā</span>ti visayabhāvena, ālambitabbabhāvenāti attho. <span class="bld">Ārabhitvāpī</span>ti <span class="bld">pi</span>-saddena imamatthaṃ dasseti – rūpāyatanādimatte yasmiṃ kismiñci ekasmiṃ aṭṭhatvā ‘‘yaṃ yaṃ dhammaṃ ārabbhā’’ti (paṭṭhā 1.1.2) aniyamena sabbarūpāyatanānaṃ…pe… sabbadhammāyatanānañca ārammaṇapaccayabhāvassa vuttattā rūpādibhedena chabbidhesu saṅkhatāsaṅkhatapaññattidhammesu na koci dhammo ārammaṇapaccayo na hotīti. Svāyaṃ ārammaṇapaccayabhāvo heṭṭhā vibhāvito eva. <span class="bld">Ālambitvā</span>ti gahetvā. Ekantasārammaṇabhāvato anārabbha pavatti eva natthīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ārabbhevā’’</span>ti. Svāyaṃ ‘‘kusalo dhammo kusalassa, kusalo dhammo akusalassa, kusalo dhammo abyākatassa, akusalo dhammo akusalassa, kusalassa, abyākatassa, abyākato dhammo abyākatassa, kusalassa, akusalassā’’ti evaṃ navappakāro veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para597"></a><span class="paranum">597</span>. <span class="bld">Jeṭṭhakaṭṭhenā</span>ti pamukhabhāvena. Attādhīnānañhi patibhūto dhammo adhipati. So tesaṃ pamukhabhāvena pavattati. ‘‘Chandavato kiṃ nāma na sijjhatī’’tiādikaṃ purimābhisaṅkhārūpanissayaṃ labhitvā uppajjamāne cittuppāde chandādayo dhurabhūtā jeṭṭhakabhūtā sampayuttadhamme sādhayamānā vase vattayamānā hutvā pavattanti, sampayuttadhammā ca tesaṃ vasena vattanti hīnādibhāvena tadanuvattanato, tena te adhipatipaccayā honti. Garukātabbampi ārammaṇaṃ tanninnapoṇapabbhārānaṃ assādanapaccavekkhaṇamaggaphalānaṃ attano vase vattayamānaṃ viya paccayo hoti. Tasmā ayaṃ attādhīnānaṃ patibhāvena upakārakattā adhipatipaccayoti daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Chandādhipatī</span>ti chandasaṅkhāto adhipati, chandaṃ dhuraṃ chandaṃ jeṭṭhakaṃ katvā cittuppattikāle uppannassa kattukamyatāchandassetaṃ nāmaṃ. Sesesupi eseva nayo. Kasmā pana yathā hetupaccayaniddese <a name="V2.0255"></a> ‘‘hetū hetusampayuttakāna’’nti (paṭṭhā. 1.1.1) vuttaṃ, evamidha ‘‘adhipatī adhipatisampayuttakāna’’nti avatvā ‘‘chandādhipati chandasampayuttakāna’’ntiādinā (paṭṭhā. 1.1.3) nayena vuttanti? Ekakkhaṇe <a name="M2.0272"></a> abhāvato. Hetavo hi dve tayopi ekakkhaṇe hetupaccayā honti, mūlaṭṭhena upakārakabhāvassa avijahanato. Adhipati pana jeṭṭhakaṭṭhena upakārako, na ca ekakkhaṇe bahū jeṭṭhakā honti. Tasmā ekato uppannānampi tesaṃ ekakkhaṇe adhipatipaccayabhāvo natthīti ‘‘adhipatī adhipatisampayuttakāna’’nti avatvā ‘‘chandādhipati chandasampayuttakāna’’ntiādinā nayena vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yaṃ yaṃ dhamma</span>nti yaṃ yaṃ ārammaṇadhammaṃ. <span class="bld">Garuṃ katvā</span>ti garukāracittīkāravasena vā assādanavasena vā garukārikaṃ laddhabbaṃ avijahitabbaṃ anavaññātaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Te te dhammā</span>ti te te garukātabbā dhammā. <span class="bld">Tesaṃ tesa</span>nti taṃtaṃgarukārakadhammānaṃ. <span class="bld">Adhipatipaccayenā</span>ti ārammaṇādhipatipaccayena. Svāyaṃ ‘‘kusalo dhammo kusalassa sahajātārammaṇehi, akusalassa ārammaṇeneva, abyākatassa sahajātārammaṇehi, kusalābyākatassa sahajātenevāti kusalamūlā cattāro, akusalo dhammo akusalassa sahajātārammaṇehi, abyākatassa sahajāteneva, tathā akusalābyākatassāti akusalamūlā tayo, abyākato dhammo abyākatassa sahajātārammaṇehi, kusalassa ārammaṇeneva, tathā akusalassāti abyākatamūlā tayo’’ti saṅkhepato dasappakāro adhipatipaccayo. Ettha ca sattadhā sahajātādhipati, sattadhā ārammaṇādhipati veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para598"></a><span class="paranum">598</span>. Antarāyatīti antaraṃ, byavadhāyakanti attho. Nāssa antaraṃ vijjatīti anantaro, anantaro ca so paccayo cāti <span class="bld">anantarapaccayo</span>. ‘‘Atthānantaratā anantarapaccayo, kālānantaratā samanantarapaccayo’’tiādinā bahudhā papañcayanti, asāraṃ ganthavitthāraṃ karonti. Yathā pavattiokāsadānavisesabhāvena natthivigatapaccayā vuttā, na evaṃ anantarasamanantarapaccayā, ete pana cittaniyamahetubhāvena vuttāti taṃ cittaniyamahetubhāvaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yo hi esā’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">manoviññāṇadhātūtiādi cittaniyamo</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena santīraṇānantarā voṭṭhabbanaṃ, cutianantarā paṭisandhīti yassa yassa cittassa anantarā yaṃ yaṃ cittaṃ uppajjati, tassa tassa tadanantaruppādaniyamo taṃtaṃsahakāripaccayavisiṭṭhassa purimapurimacittasseva vasena ijjhatīti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Atthānantaratāyā</span>ti <a name="M2.0273"></a> atthena kenaci dhammena anantaratāya. <span class="bld">Kālānantaratāyā</span>ti kālabhedena anantaratāya<a name="V2.0256"></a>. <span class="bld">Ācariyāna</span>nti idhāpi <span class="bld">revatācariya</span>meva sandhāya vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti tasmiṃ kālānantaratāya samanantarapaccayabhāve, tasmiṃ vā yathāvuttavirodhe. <span class="bld">Bhāvanābalena pana vāritattā</span>ti ettha yathā rukkhassa vedhe dinne pupphituṃ samatthasseva pupphanaṃ na hoti, vedhe pana apanīte tāya eva samatthatāya pupphanaṃ hoti, evamidhāpi bhāvanābalena vāritattā samuṭṭhāpanasamatthasseva asamuṭṭhāpanaṃ, tasmiñca apagate tāya eva samatthatāya samuṭṭhāpanaṃ hotīti adhippāyo. Tampi vacanaṃ <span class="bld">kālānantaratā natthi</span> sattāhādinā kālena antaritabhāvato. <span class="bld">Etadeva</span> ‘‘kālantaritatā atthi’’ icceva <span class="bld">vadāma</span>. Nanu ca kālo nāma koci paramatthato natthīti vadeyyāti āsaṅkanto āha <span class="bld">‘‘kālānantara…pe… laddhī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Byañjanamattatovettha nānākaraṇaṃ paccetabbaṃ, na atthato</span>ti upacayasantatiadhivacananiruttipadānaṃ viya saddatthamattato nānākaraṇaṃ, na vacanīyatthatoti adhippāyo. Teneva saddatthavisesaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘katha’’</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha purimapacchimānaṃ nirodhuppādantarābhāvato nirantaruppādanasamatthatā anantarapaccayabhāvo. Rūpakalāpānaṃ viya saṇṭhānābhāvato, paccayapaccayuppannānaṃ sahāvaṭṭhānābhāvato ca ‘‘idamito heṭṭhā, uddhaṃ, tiriya’’nti vibhāgābhāvā attanā ekattamiva upanetvā suṭṭhu anantarabhāvena uppādanasamatthatā samanantarapaccayatā. <span class="bld">Uppādanasamatthatā</span>ti ca abyāpārattā dhammānaṃ yasmiṃ yadākāre niruddhe, vattamāne vā sati taṃtaṃvisesavanto dhammā honti, tassa sova ākāro vuccatīti daṭṭhabbo. Dhammānaṃ pavattimattameva ca upādāya kālavohāroti nirodhā vuṭṭhahantassa nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaphalasamāpattīnaṃ <a name="M2.0274"></a> asaññabhavā cavantassa, purimacutipacchimapaṭisandhīnañca nirodhuppādanirantaratāya kālantaratā natthi. Na hi tesaṃ antarā arūpadhammappavatti atthi, yaṃ upādāya kālantaratā vucceyya, na ca rūpadhammappavatti arūpadhammappavattiyā antaraṃ karoti aññasantānattā. Rūpārūpasantatiyo hi dve aññamaññaṃ visadisasabhāvattā aññamaññūpakārabhāvena pavattamānāpi visuṃyeva honti. Ekasantatiyañca purimapacchimānaṃ majjhe pavattamānaṃ taṃsantatipariyāpannatāya antarakārakaṃ hoti. Tādisañca kiñci nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaphalasamāpattīnaṃ majjhe natthi, na ca abhāvo antarakārako hoti abhāvattā eva. Tasmā javanānantarassa javanassa viya, bhavaṅgānantarassa bhavaṅgassa viya ca nirantaratā suṭṭhu anantaratā hotīti tathā uppādanasamatthatā nevasaññānāsaññāyatanacutīnampi daṭṭhabbā. Uppattiyā paccayabhāvo cettha anantarapaccayādīnaṃ pākaṭoti uppādanasamatthatāva vuttā<a name="V2.0257"></a>. Paccuppannānaṃ pana dhammānaṃ pubbantāparantaparicchedena gahitānaṃ uppajjatīti vacanaṃ alabhantānaṃ ‘‘atīto dhammo paccuppannassa dhammassa anantarapaccayena paccayo’’tiādinā (paṭṭhā. 2.18.4) anantarādipaccayabhāvo vuttoti na so uppattiyā evāti viññāyati. Na hi kusalādiggahaṇaṃ viya paccuppannaggahaṇaṃ aparicchedaṃ. Yato uppattimattasamaṅgino eva gahaṇaṃ siyā. Teneva ca atītattike paṭiccavārādayo na santīti. Tassa ‘‘kusalo dhammo kusalassa, kusalo dhammo abyākatassa, akusalo dhammo akusalassa, akusalo dhammo abyākatassa, abyākato dhammo abyākatassa, abyākato dhammo kusalassa, abyākato dhammo akusalassā’’ti sattadhā bhedo veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para599"></a><span class="paranum">599</span>. <span class="bld">Uppajjamānova saha uppādanabhāvenā</span>ti etthāpi uppattiyā paccayabhāvena pākaṭena ṭhitiyāpi paccayabhāvaṃ nidassetīti daṭṭhabbaṃ, aññathā padīpanidassanaṃ na yujjeyya. Padīpo hi pabhāsassa ṭhitiyāpi paccayo, na uppattiyā eva. Paccayuppannānaṃ sahajātabhāvena upakārakatā sahajātapaccayatā. <span class="bld">Okkantikkhaṇe</span>ti paṭisandhikkhaṇe. Tasmiṃ hi khaṇe nāmarūpaṃ okkantaṃ viya paralokato āgantvā idha mātukucchiādiṃ pavisantaṃ viya uppajjati, tasmā so khaṇo okkantikkhaṇoti vuccati. Ettha ca <span class="bld">rūpa</span>nti hadayavatthuyeva adhippetaṃ. Tañhi nāmassa, nāmañca tassa sahajātapaccayo hoti. <span class="bld">Cittacetasikā</span>ti pavattiyaṃ cattāro khandhā paṭisandhikkhaṇe cittasamuṭṭhānānaṃ abhāvato. <span class="bld">Rūpino dhammā</span>ti hadayavatthuṃ sandhāyāha. Tattha yadipi pubbe ‘‘okkantikkhaṇe nāmarūpa’’nti vuttaṃ, tathāpi tena khaṇantare sahajātapaccayabhāvo rūpadhammānaṃ na nivāritoti tannivāraṇatthamidaṃ vuttanti gahetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Kiñci kāle</span>ti keci kismiñci kāleti attho, tena rūpino dhammā keci vatthubhūtā kismiñci paṭisandhikāleti aññesaṃ rūpadhammānaṃ, vatthuno ca pavattiyaṃ arūpadhammānaṃ <a name="M2.0275"></a> sahajātapaccayabhāvaṃ pubbe anivāritaṃ nivāreti. Evañca katvā ‘‘kiñci kāla’’nti vā ‘‘kismiñci kāle’’ti vā vattabbe tathā avatvā vibhattivipallāsaṃ katvā vuttaṃ. Tena <span class="bld">kiñcī</span>ti upayogekavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Rūpino dhammā’’</span>ti etena sambandhe paccattabahuvacanaṃ jāyati. <span class="bld">‘‘Kāle’’</span>ti etena sambandhe bhummekavacananti dīpitanti veditabbaṃ. Purimena ca ‘‘eko khandho, vatthu ca tiṇṇannaṃ khandhāna’’nti (paṭṭhā. 1.1.419) ādivacanena nāmasahitaṃ eva vatthu nāmassa paccayoti vattabbe āpanne itarena kevalassa ca tathāvattabbataṃ dasseti. Svāyaṃ sahajātapaccayo ‘‘kusalo dhammo kusalassa, abyākatassa, kusalābyākatassa, akusalo dhammo akusalassa<a name="V2.0258"></a>, abyākatassa, akusalābyākatassa, abyākato dhammo abyākatassa, kusalābyākato dhammo abyākatassa, akusalābyākato dhammo abyākatassā’’ti (paṭṭhā. 1.1.419) navavidho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para600"></a><span class="paranum">600</span>. Attano upakārakassa upakārakatā aññamaññapaccayatā. Tathā hissa tidaṇḍaṃ nidassitaṃ. Upakārakatā ca aññamaññatāvaseneva daṭṭhabbā, na sahajātatādivasena. Sahajātādipaccayo hontoyeva hi koci aññamaññapaccayo na hoti, na ca sahajātādipaccayadhammehi vinā imassa pavatti atthi. Tathā hi sahajātādipaccayo ca hontoyeva hi koci aññamaññapaccayo hoti. Yadi ca attano upakārakassa upakārakatāmattaṃ aññamaññapaccayo siyā, purejātapacchājātabhāvena upakārassa upakārakā vatthukhandhā aññamaññapaccayā siyuṃ, na ca taṃ icchitaṃ. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘upakārakatā ca aññamaññavaseneva daṭṭhabbā’’ti. Ayañca uppattiyā, ṭhitiyā ca upakārakoti veditabbo. Ayaṃ pana ‘‘kusalo dhammo kusalassa, akusalo dhammo akusalassa, abyākato dhammo abyākatassā’’ti tividho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para601"></a><span class="paranum">601</span>. Taruādīnaṃ pathavī viya adhiṭṭhānākārena pathavīdhātu sesadhātūnaṃ, cakkhādayo cakkhuviññāṇādīnaṃ upakārakā cittakammassa paṭādayo viya nissayākārena khandhādayo taṃtaṃnissayānaṃ khandhādīnaṃ. Pathavīdhātuyaṃ patiṭṭhāya eva hi sesadhātuyo upādārūpāni viya yathāsakaṃ kiccaṃ karonti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Adhiṭṭhānākārenā</span>ti <a name="M2.0276"></a> ādhārākārena. Ādhārākāro cettha tesaṃ sātisayaṃ tadadhīnavuttitāya veditabbo. Yato bhūtāni aniddisitabbaṭṭhānāni vuccanti, evañca katvā cakkhādīnampi adhiṭṭhānākārena upakārakatā suṭṭhu yujjati. Na hi yathāvuttaṃ tadadhīnavuttitāvisesaṃ muñcitvā añño cakkhādīsu adesakānaṃ arūpadhammānaṃ adhiṭṭhānākāro sambhavati. Yadipi yaṃ yaṃ dhammaṃ paṭicca ye ye dhammā uppajjanti, tesaṃ sabbesaṃ tadadhīnavuttibhāvo. Yena pana paccayabhāvavisesena cakkhādīnaṃ paṭumandabhāvesu cakkhuviññāṇādayo tadanuvidhānākāreneva pavattanti, svāyamidha tesaṃ tadadhīnavuttitāsiddho visesoti. Evañhi paccayabhāvasāmaññe satipi ārammaṇapaccayato nissayapaccayassa viseso vibhāvito hoti. Svāyaṃ nayo heṭṭhā pakāsitova. <span class="bld">Chaṭṭho panā</span>ti ettha ‘‘rūpino <a name="V2.0259"></a> dhammā arūpīnaṃ dhammānaṃ kismiñci kāle’’ti idaṃ na labbhati. Yaṃ panettha labbhati ‘‘rūpino dhammā kecī’’ti, tattha te eva dhamme dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘cakkhāyatana’’</span>ntiādi niddiṭṭhaṃ. <span class="bld">Yaṃ rūpa</span>nti hadayavatthuṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Ayaṃ pana nissayapaccayo terasavidho. Kathaṃ? Sahajātato kusalamūlā tayo, tathā akusalamūlā, abyākatamūlesu pana purejātaṃ labbhati. Abyākatañhi abyākatassa sahajātampi paccayo hoti, purejātampi kusalassa purejātameva, tathā akusalassa, kusalābyākataṃ sahajātapurejātato kusalassa, sahajātato eva abyākatassa, tathā akusalābyākata’’nti evaṃ terasa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para602"></a><span class="paranum">602</span>. <span class="bld">Tadadhīnavuttitāya attano phalena nissito</span>ti yaṃ kiñci kāraṇaṃ nissayoti vatvā tattha yo bhuso nissayo, taṃ <span class="bld">upanissayo</span>ti niddhāreti. <span class="bld">Balavakāraṇabhāvena upakārako</span>ti ārammaṇabhāvavasena anantaraṃ anurūpacittuppādanasamatthatāvasena, kevalañca balavantaṃ kāraṇaṃ hutvā upakārako. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘so’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">dānaṃ datvā</span>ti deyyadhammaṃ cajitvā. Yāya vā cetanāya so diyyati, sā cetanā dānaṃ. <span class="bld">Datvā</span>ti taṃ cetanaṃ pariyodapetvā visuddhaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Sīlaṃ samādiyitvā</span>ti pañcaṅgadasaṅgādivasena niccasīlaṃ gaṇhitvā. Iminā samādānaviratiyeva dassitā, sampattaviratisamucchedaviratiyo pana loke ‘‘sīla’’nti apākaṭattā na vuttā. Kiñcāpi na vuttā, ārammaṇapaccayo <a name="M2.0277"></a> pana hontiyeva. Tattha samucchedavirati sekkhānaṃyeva kusalassa ārammaṇaṃ hoti, na itaresaṃ. <span class="bld">Uposathakamma</span>nti ‘‘pāṇaṃ na hane, na cādinnamādiye’’ti (su. ni. 402) evaṃ vuttaṃ uposathasīlaṃ. <span class="bld">Taṃ garuṃ katvā paccavekkhatī</span>ti taṃ yathāvuttaṃ kusalaṃ sekkhopi puthujjanopi paccavekkhati, arahāpi taṃ paccavekkhateva. Arahatopi hi pubbe kataṃ kusalaṃ kusalameva. Yena pana cittena paccavekkhati, taṃ kiriyacittaṃ nāma hoti. Tasmā ‘‘kusalo kusalassā’’ti imasmiṃ adhikāre na labbhati. <span class="bld">Pubbe suciṇṇānī</span>ti ‘‘datvā katvā’’ti hi āsannakatāni vuttāni, iminā na āsannakatānīti veditabbāni, dānādīhi vā sesāni kāmāvacarakusalāni dassetuṃ idaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Jhānā vuṭṭhahitvā</span>ti jhānaṃ samāpanno jhānato vuṭṭhahitvā. ‘‘Jhānaṃ vuṭṭhahitvā’’tipi pāḷi. <span class="bld">Sekkhā gotrabhu</span>nti sotāpannaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. So hi gotrabhuṃ paccavekkhati. <span class="bld">‘‘Vodāna’’</span>nti idaṃ pana sakadāgāmianāgāmino sandhāya vuttaṃ. Tesañhi taṃ cittaṃ vodānaṃ nāma hoti. <span class="bld">Sekkhā</span>ti sotāpannasakadāgāmianāgāmino<a name="V2.0260"></a>. <span class="bld">Maggā vuṭṭhahitvā</span>ti maggaphalabhavaṅgātikkamavasena attanā paṭiladdhamaggā vuṭṭhahitvā, suddhamaggatoyeva pana vuṭṭhāya paccavekkhaṇaṃ nāma natthi. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena ‘‘kusalaṃ aniccato dukkhato anattato vipassantī’’ti (paṭṭhā. 1.1.404) evamādiṃ saṅgaṇhāti. Yadipi nānattaṃ akatvāva vibhatto, tathāpi idampi ārammaṇādhipatiārammaṇūpanissayānaṃ visesoti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tatthā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nesaṃ</span> cittacetasikānaṃ anantarapaccayaanantarūpanissayānaṃ nikkhepaviseso atthi. Yasmā purimo abyākatadhammavasena pavatto, itaro kusalādivasenapīti sopi nikkhepaviseso <span class="bld">atthato ekībhāvameva gacchati</span> sabbesupi cittuppādesu tadubhayassa icchitabbattā. <span class="bld">Evaṃ santepī</span>tiādi anantaraanantarūpanissayānaṃ visesadassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Yathā hī</span>tiādi anantarūpanissayassa sambhavadassanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pakato</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">pa</span>-kāro upasaggo, so attano phalassa uppādanasamatthabhāvena suṭṭhukatataṃ dīpeti. Tathā ca kataṃ attano santāne kataṃ hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘attano santāne’’</span>tiādi. Karaṇañca duvidhaṃ nipphādanaṃ, upasevanañcāti taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘nipphādito vā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">nipphādanaṃ</span> <a name="M2.0278"></a> hetupaccayasamodhānena phalassa nibbattanaṃ. <span class="bld">Upasevanaṃ</span> pana kāye allīyāpanavasena upayogūpasevanaṃ, vijānanasañjānanādīnaṃ vasena ārammaṇūpasevanañca. Teneva anāgatānampi utusampadādīnaṃ ārammaṇūpasevanena upasevitānaṃ pakatūpanissayatā vuttā hoti, pageva atītapaccuppannānaṃ. Paccuppannassāpi hi ‘‘paccuppannaṃ utubhojanaṃ senāsanaṃ upanissāya jhānaṃ uppādetī’’tiādivacanato (paṭṭhā. 2.18.8) pakatūpanissayabhāvo labbhatīti. <span class="bld">Pakatiyā evā</span>ti paccayantarasaṅkararahitena attano sabhāveneva. <span class="bld">Upanissayo</span>ti balavakāraṇaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Anekappakārato pabhedo veditabbo</span> pañhāvāre āgatanayena. Paccayavāre pana –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Purimā purimā kusalā dhammā pacchimānaṃ pacchimānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ upanissayapaccayena paccayo, purimā purimā kusalā dhammā pacchimānaṃ pacchimānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ kesañci, kusalā abyākatānaṃ, akusalā akusalānaṃ, kusalānaṃ kesañci, akusalā abyākatānaṃ, abyākatā abyākatānaṃ, abyākatā kusalānaṃ, abyākatā akusalānaṃ<a name="V2.0261"></a>, puggalopi, senāsanampi upanissayapaccayena paccayo’’ti (paṭṭhā. 1.1.9).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha ye purimā yesaṃ pacchimānaṃ anantarūpanissayo honti, te tesaṃ sabbesampi ekanteneva honti, na kesañci kadāci. Tasmā yesu padesu anantarūpanissayo labbhati, tesu ‘‘kesañcī’’ti na sakkā vattunti na vuttaṃ. Ye pana purimā yesaṃ pacchimānaṃ ārammaṇūpanissayo vā pakatūpanissayo vā honti, te tesaṃ, na sabbesaṃ ekantena honti. Yesaṃ uppattivibandhakā paccayā balavanto honti, tesaṃ na bhavanti, itaresaṃ bhavanti. Tasmā yesu padesu anantarapaccayo na labbhati, tesu ‘‘kesañcī’’ti vuttaṃ. Siddhānaṃ paccayadhammānaṃ yehi paccayuppannehi bhavitabbaṃ, tesaṃ ‘‘kesañcī’’ti ayamettha attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kasiṇapaññattiyā ārammaṇūpanissayatābhāvato ekaccāya paññattiyā saddhiṃ sabbo dhammo ārammaṇūpanissayo, anantarātīto cittacetasikarāsi anantarūpanissayo, kusalākusalavipākakiriyārūpavasena pañcavidho <a name="M2.0279"></a> pakatūpanissayoti ayamettha saṅkhepo. Vitthāro pana <span class="bld">paṭṭhānaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para603"></a><span class="paranum">603</span>. <span class="bld">Paṭhamatara</span>nti paccayuppannato puretaraṃ. Ayañhi purejātapaccayo rūpadhammavaseneva labbhati. Paccayuppanno ca arūpadhammāyeva. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vattamānabhāvena upakārako’’</span>ti. Nissayārammaṇākārādīhi visiṭṭhā purejātabhāvena vinā upakārakabhāvaṃ agacchantānaṃ vatthārammaṇānaṃ purejātākārena upakārakatā purejātapaccayatā. Evaṃ vatthārammaṇavasena duvidhe purejātapaccaye <span class="bld">‘‘cakkhāyatana’’</span>ntiādi vatthuvasena vuttaṃ, <span class="bld">‘‘rūpārammaṇa’’</span>ntiādi ārammaṇavasena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yaṃ rūpa</span>nti hadayavatthuṃ sandhāyāha. Tattha <span class="bld">‘‘kiñci kāle’’</span>ti pavattikālavasena vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Kiñci kālena’’</span> iti paṭisandhikālavasena. Yāni ārammaṇapurejātena vinā na vattanti, tesaṃ cakkhuviññāṇādīnaṃ ārammaṇapurejātadassanena manodvārepi yaṃ yaṃ ārammaṇapurejātena vattati, tassa tassa ārammaṇapaccayabhūtaṃ sabbaṃ rūparūpaṃ ārammaṇapurejātanti dassitameva hoti. Tathā hi vuttaṃ <span class="bld">pañhāvāre</span> ‘‘ārammaṇapurejātaṃ sekkhā vā puthujjanā vā cakkhuṃ aniccato <a name="V2.0262"></a> dukkhato anattato vipassantī’’tiādi (paṭṭhā. 1.1.424). ‘‘Abyākato dhammo abyākatassa dhammassa purejātapaccayena paccayo, abyākato dhammo kusalassa dhammassa purejātapaccayena paccayo, abyākato dhammo akusalassa dhammassa purejātapaccayena paccayo’’ti (paṭṭhā. 1.1.424) abyākatamūlakā tayova vārā. Te ca paccekaṃ vatthupurejātaṃ, ārammaṇapurejātanti dvidhā vibhattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para604"></a><span class="paranum">604</span>. Paccayuppannadhammassa puretaraṃ siddhabhāve sati paccayadhammassa pacchājātatāti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘purejātāna’’</span>nti. Ayañca nayo rūpadhammesu eva labbhati, na arūpadhammesūti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘rūpadhammāna’’</span>nti. Yadi paccayuppannadhammā puretarameva jātā, kathaṃ paccayabhāvoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘upathambhakattenā’’</span>ti. Pacchājātena hi vinā santānāvicchedahetubhāvaṃ agacchantānaṃ dhammānaṃ ye pacchājātākārena upakārakā, tesaṃ sā vippayuttākārādīhi visiṭṭhā upakārakatā <a name="M2.0280"></a> pacchājātapaccayatā. Evaṃ sabbapaccayānaṃ paccayantarākāravisiṭṭhā upakārakatā yojetabbā. <span class="bld">‘‘Gijjhapotakasarīrānaṃ āhārāsācetanā viyā’’</span>ti etena manosañcetanāhāravasena pavattamānehi arūpadhammehi rūpakāyassa upatthambhitabhāvaṃ dasseti. Teneva ‘‘āhārāsā viyā’’ti avatvā cetanāggahaṇaṃ kataṃ. <span class="bld">Kāyassā</span>ti catusamuṭṭhānikabhūtupādāyarūpasaṅkhātassa rūpakāyassa. Saṅkhepato ṭhapetvā rūpadhamme avisiṭṭho arūpakkhandho pacchājātapaccayo. So jātivasena kusalo, akusalo, vipāko, kiriyāti catubbidhoti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para605"></a><span class="paranum">605</span>. Kusalādibhāvena attanā sadisassa payogena karaṇīyassa punappunaṃ karaṇaṃ pavattanaṃ <span class="bld">āsevanaṭṭho,</span> attasadisasabhāvatāpādanaṃ vāsanaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Purimapurimābhiyogo viyā</span>ti uggahaṇasavanadhāraṇādipurimāpurimāsevanā viya. Tīsu pana etesu <span class="bld">purimā purimā</span>ti samanantarātītā daṭṭhabbā. Kasmā panettha anantarapaccaye viya ‘‘purimā purimā kusalā dhammā pacchimānaṃ pacchimānaṃ abyākatāna’’ntiādinā bhinnajātiyehi saddhiṃ niddeso na katoti? Attano gatiṃ gāhetuṃ asamatthattā. Bhinnajātikā hi bhinnajātikānaṃ āsevanaguṇena paguṇabalavabhāvaṃ sampādentā attanova kusalādibhāvasaṅkhātaṃ gatiṃ gāhetuṃ na sakkuṇanti. Tasmā tehi saddhiṃ niddesaṃ akatvā ye yesaṃ vāsanāsaṅkhātena āsevanaguṇena paguṇabalavabhāvavisiṭṭhaṃ attano kusalādibhāvasaṅkhātaṃ gatiṃ gāhetuṃ samatthā, tesaṃ tehi samānajātikeheva saddhiṃ niddeso katoti daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha <a name="V2.0263"></a> vipākābyākataṃ kasmā na gahitaṃ? Āsevanābhāvato. Vipākābyākatañhi kammavasena vipākabhāvappattaṃ kammapariṇāmitaṃ hutvā pavattamānaṃ nirussāhaṃ dubbalaṃ santaṃ āsevanaguṇena attano sabhāvaṃ gāhetvā paribhāvetvā neva aññaṃ vipākaṃ pavatteti, na ca purimavipākānubhāvaṃ gahetvā uppajjati, atha kho kammavegakkhittaṃ patitaṃ viya hutvā uppajjati. Tasmā sabbathāpi vipāke āsevanā natthīti na gahitaṃ. Kusalākusalakiriyānantaraṃ uppajjamānampi sakammapaṭibaddhavuttitāya āsevanaguṇaṃ na gaṇhātīti kusalādayopi tassa āsevanapaccayo na honti. Nānājātikattāpi cete tassa āsevanādhānaṃ na <a name="M2.0281"></a> karonteva. Bhūmito, pana ārammaṇato vā nānājātikatā nāma natthīti parittakusalakiriyā mahaggatakusalakiriyānaṃ, saṅkhārārammaṇañca kusalaṃ nibbānārammaṇassa āsevanapaccayo hotiyeva. Svāyaṃ ‘‘kusalo dhammo kusalassa, akusalo dhammo akusalassa, abyākato dhammo abyākatassa āsevanapaccayena paccayo’’ti (paṭṭhā. 1.1.426) tidhāva vutto. Abyākataggahaṇena āvajjanavajjitā kiriyadhammā gahitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para606"></a><span class="paranum">606</span>. <span class="bld">Cittapayogo</span> cittakiriyā, āyūhananti attho. Yathā hi kāyavacīpayogo viññatti, evaṃ cittapayogo cetanā. Tena hi sā uppannakiriyatāvisiṭṭhe santāne sesapaccayasamāgame pavattamānānaṃ vipākakaṭattārūpānampi teneva santānavisesena kiriyābhāvena upakārikā hoti. Tassa hi kiriyābhāvassa pavattattā tesaṃ pavatti, na aññathā. Sahajātānaṃ pana āyūhanakiriyābhāvena pavattamānā upakārikāti kiṃ vattabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Kamma</span>nti ca cetanākammameva adhippetaṃ. Na hi cetanāsampayuttaṃ kammaṃ abhijjhādi kammapaccayo hoti. Satipi vipākadhammabhāve cetanāvajjānaṃ ataṃsabhāvattā vipākāpi cetanā sahajātakammapaccayo hotiyeva, svāyaṃ kammapaccayo jātivasena catubbidhoti sabbaṃ vattabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para607"></a><span class="paranum">607</span>. <span class="bld">‘‘Nirussāhasantabhāvenā’’</span>ti etena saussāhehi vipākadhammadhammehi kusalākusalehi sārammaṇādibhāvena sadisānampi asadisaṃ vipākabhāvaṃ dasseti. So hi vipākānaṃ payogena asādhetabbatāya payogena, aññathā vā sesapaccayesu siddhesu kammassa kaṭattā eva sijjhanato nirussāho santabhāvo hoti, na kilesavūpasantabhāvo. Tathāsantabhāvato eva hi bhavaṅgādayo duviññeyyā. Pañcadvārepi hi javanappavattiyā rūpādīnaṃ gahitatā viññāyati, abhinipātasampaṭicchanasantīraṇamattā pana vipākā duviññeyyā eva. <span class="bld">Nirussāhasantabhāvāyā</span>ti <a name="V2.0264"></a> nirussāhasantabhāvatthāya. Etena tappaccayavantānaṃ avipākānampi rūpadhammānaṃ vipākānukūlaṃ pavattiṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Pavatte</span>tiādi pañhāvāranayaṃ gahetvā vuttaṃ. Paṭiccavāre pana ‘‘vipākā cattāro <a name="M2.0282"></a> khandhā arūpino aññamaññaṃ vipākapaccayena paccayo’’tiādinā (paṭṭhā. 1.1.14) āgatā. Ettha ca yesaṃ ekantena vipāko vipākapaccayo hoti, tesaṃ vasena nayadassanaṃ katanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Na hi āruppe kāmarūpabhūmīsu viya vipāko rūpassa paccayo hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para608"></a><span class="paranum">608</span>. Satipi janakabhāve upatthambhakattaṃ āhārānaṃ padhānakiccanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘rūpārūpānaṃ upatthambhakattenā’’</span>ti. Upatthambhakattañhi satipi janakatte arūpīnaṃ āhārānaṃ, āhārajarūpasamuṭṭhāpakarūpāhārassa ca hoti. Asatipi catusamuṭṭhānikarūpūpatthambhakarūpāhārassa, asati pana upatthambhakatte āhārānaṃ janakattaṃ natthīti upatthambhakattaṃ padhānaṃ. Atha vā janayamānopi āhāro avicchedavasena upatthambhento janetīti upatthambhanabhāvo eva āhārabhāvoti <span class="bld">‘‘upatthambhakattenā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Keci pana ‘‘rūpāhāro attanā janitassa āhārapaccayo na hoti, aññena janitassa hoti, tasmā <span class="bld">‘upatthambhakattenā’</span>ti vutta’’nti vadanti. Taṃ ‘‘āhāro rūpassa paccayo honto āhārapaccayo na hotīti viruddhameta’’nti apare nānujānanti. Rūpāhāro cettha rūpadhammānaṃ eva āhārapaccayo hoti. Arūpāhārā pana rūpadhammānampi āhārapaccayo honti. Tañca kho na kevalaṃ cittasamuṭṭhānānaṃ rūpānameva, atha kho kadāci kaṭattārūpānampīti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pañhāvāre panā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para609"></a><span class="paranum">609</span>. <span class="bld">Adhipatiyaṭṭhenā</span>ti ettha na adhipatipaccayadhammānaṃ viya pavattinivārake abhibhavitvā pavattanena garubhāvo adhipatiyaṭṭho, atha kho dassanādikiccesu cakkhuviññāṇādīhi, jīvane kammajarūpehi arūpadhammehi ca jīvantehi, manane sampayuttadhammehi, sukhitādibhāve sukhitādīhi, adhimokkhapaggahūpaṭṭhānāvikkhepapajānanesu, ‘‘anaññātaṃ ñassāmī’’ti pavattiyaṃ ājānane, aññātāvibhāve ca saddhādisahajātehīti evaṃ taṃtaṃkiccesu cakkhādipaccayehi dhammehi cakkhādīnaṃ anuvattanīyatā. Tesu hi kiccesu cakkhādīnaṃ issariyaṃ, tappaccayānañca tadanuvattanena tattha pavatti. Kasmā panettha itthipurisindriyadvayaṃ na gahitaṃ, nanu cetampi liṅgādīhi anuvattīyatīti? Saccaṃ anuvattīyati, na pana paccayabhāvato. Yathā hi jīvitāhārā <a name="M2.0283"></a> yesaṃ paccayā honti, tesaṃ anupālakaupatthambhakā<a name="V2.0265"></a>, atthiavigatapaccayabhūtā ca honti, na evaṃ itthipurisabhāvā liṅgādīnaṃ kenaci pakārena upakārakā honti. Yato paccayā siyuṃ, kevalaṃ pana yathāsakehi eva paccayehi pavattamānānaṃ liṅgādīnaṃ yathā itthiādiggahaṇassa paccayabhāvo hoti, tato aññenākārena taṃsahitasantāne appavattito liṅgādīhi anuvattanīyatā, indriyatā ca tesaṃ vuccati. Tasmā na tesaṃ indriyapaccayabhāvo vutto. <span class="bld">Cakkhādayo arūpadhammānaṃyevā</span>ti ettha sukhindriyadukkhindriyānipi cakkhādiggahaṇena gahitānīti daṭṭhabbāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para610"></a><span class="paranum">610</span>. Lakkhaṇārammaṇūpanijjhānabhūtānaṃ vitakkādīnaṃ vitakkanādivasena ārammaṇaṃ upagantvā nijjhānaṃ pekkhanaṃ, cintanaṃ vā vitakkādīnaṃyeva āveṇiko byāpāro <span class="bld">upanijjhāyanaṭṭho</span>. ‘‘Ṭhapetvā dvipañcaviññāṇe sukhadukkhavedanādvaya’’nti vatvāpi <span class="bld">‘‘satta jhānaṅgānī’’</span>ti vacanena ajhānaṅgānaṃ upekkhācittekaggatānaṃ nivattanaṃ katanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Yadi evaṃ ‘‘satta jhānaṅgānī’’ti eteneva siddhe <span class="bld">‘‘ṭhapetvā sukhadukkhavedanādvaya’’</span>nti kasmā vuttaṃ? Vedanābhedesu pañcasu sukhadukkhadvayassa ekantena ajhānaṅgabhāvadassanatthaṃ jhānaṅgaṭṭhāne niddiṭṭhattā, satipi vā jhānaṅgavohāre vedanābhedadvayassa ekantena jhānapaccayattābhāvadassanatthaṃ. Upekkhācittekaggatānaṃ pana yadipi jhānapaccayattābhāvo atthi, najhānapaccayabhāvo pana natthīti <span class="bld">sabbānipi satta jhānaṅgānī</span>ti ettha gahaṇaṃ kataṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbānipī’’</span>ti vacanaṃ sabbakusalādibhedasaṅgaṇhanatthaṃ, na pana sabbacittuppādagatasaṅgaṇhanatthanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Yesaṃ pana ‘‘ṭhapetvā dvipañcaviññāṇe vedanāttaya’’nti pāṭho, tesaṃ yathāvutto vicāro cittekaggatāvaseneva veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para611"></a><span class="paranum">611</span>. <span class="bld">Yato tato vā</span>ti sammā vā micchā vāti attho. <span class="bld">Pañhāvāre panā</span>tiādi yadipi paccayaniddese taṃsamuṭṭhānaggahaṇena so attho ñāpito eva, pañhāvāre pana sarūpeneva gahitoti dassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ete pana dvepi…pe… na labbhanti</span> ‘‘yathāsaṅkhya’’nti vacanaseso veditabbo. <span class="bld">Paṭṭhānaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> pana ‘‘dvepi jhānamaggapaccayā ahetukacittesu na labbhantī’’ti vuttaṃ. Tenassa kathamavirodhoti? Adhippāyavasena<a name="M2.0284"></a>. Ayañhi tattha adhippāyo – ahetukacittesu eva jhānamaggapaccayā na labbhanti, na sahetukacittesūti sahetukacittesu alābhābhāvadassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ, na ahetukacittesu lābhābhāvadassanatthanti. Evañhi atthe gayhamāne ahetukacittesu katthaci kassaci lābho na nivāritoti viññāyati. Tena savitakkāhetukacittesu jhānapaccayassa sambhavo anuññāto hoti. Tattha hi yena alābhena dhammasaṅgaṇiyaṃ <a name="V2.0266"></a> manodhātuādīnaṃ saṅgahasuññatavāresu jhānaṃ na uddhaṭaṃ, taṃ alābhaṃ sandhāya jhānapaccayassapi ahetukacittesu alābho vutto. Yathā hi sahetukacittuppādesu vitakkādīnaṃ sahajāte saṅkaḍḍhitvā ekattagatabhāvakaraṇaṃ upanijjhāyanabyāpāro balavā, na tathā ahetukacittuppādesūti. Idha pana dubbalampi upanijjhāyanaṃ yadi kiñcimattampi atthi, na tena upakārakatā na hotīti savitakkāhetukacittesupi jhānapaccayaṃ anujānantena <span class="bld">‘‘ete pana dvepi jhānamaggapaccayā dvipañcaviññāṇāhetukacittesu na labbhantī’’</span>ti (paṭṭhā. aṭṭha. paccayuddesavaṇṇanā) vuttaṃ. Paccayakathā nāma samantapaṭṭhānanissitā, na dhammasaṅgaṇīnissitāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para612"></a><span class="paranum">612</span>. Samaṃ avisamaṃ, sammā, saha vā pakārehi yuttatāya ekībhāvūpagamena viya upakārakatā sampayuttapaccayatā. Kā pana sā pakārehi yuttatāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ekavatthukaekārammaṇaekuppādekanirodhasaṅkhātenā’’</span>ti. Tattha ye ekavatthukā, te sampayuttāti ettake vuccamāne avinibbhogarūpesu ekaṃ mahābhūtaṃ sesamahābhūtupādārūpānaṃ nissayapaccayo hoti, tena tāni ekavatthukāni, cakkhādinissayabhūtāni vā bhūtāni ekaṃ vatthu etesu nissitanti ekavatthukānīti kappentassa tesaṃ sampayuttatāpatti siyāti tannivāraṇatthaṃ ekārammaṇaggahaṇaṃ. Ye ekavatthukā, ekārammaṇā ca, te sampayuttāti evampi cutiāsannānaṃ sampaṭicchanasantīraṇādīnaṃ sampayuttatā āpajjeyyāti ekuppādaggahaṇaṃ. Ye ekavatthukekārammaṇekuppādā, te sampayuttāti kiṃ pana nānānirodhāpi evaṃtividhalakkhaṇā honti, udāhu ekanirodhā evāti vicāraṇāyaṃ ekanirodhā eva evaṃlakkhaṇā hontīti dassanatthaṃ ‘‘ekanirodhā’’ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paṭilomato vā ekanirodhā sampayuttāti vuccamāne ekasmiṃ khaṇe nirujjhamānānaṃ rūpārūpadhammānaṃ sampayuttatā āpajjeyyāti ‘‘ekuppādā’’ti <a name="M2.0285"></a> vuttaṃ. Evampi avinibbhogarūpānaṃ atthi ekuppādekanirodhatāti tesampi sampayuttatā āpajjeyyāti tannivāraṇatthaṃ ekārammaṇaggahaṇaṃ. Ye ekārammaṇā hutvā ekuppādekanirodhā, te sampayuttāti ayañca nayo ekavatthukesu eva labbhati, na nānāvatthukesūti dassanatthaṃ ekavatthukaggahaṇaṃ. Ye ekavatthukekārammaṇekuppādekanirodhā, te sampayuttāti pañcavokārabhavāpekkhāya cetaṃ ekavatthukaggahaṇaṃ. Āruppe pana vatthuyeva natthīti kuto ekavatthukaggahaṇassa avasaro.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para613"></a><span class="paranum">613</span>. Aññamaññaṃ <a name="V2.0267"></a> sambandhatāya yuttānampi samānānaṃ vippayuttabhāvena visaṃsaṭṭhatāya nānattūpagamena upakārakatā vippayuttapaccayatā. Ayañca vippayuttatā na sampayuttapaccayatāya viya aññamaññaṃ paccayapaccayuppannadhammavasena gahetabbā, atha kho visuṃyeva. Tattha hi arūpadhammānaṃ samānajātiyatāya samadhuraṃ, idha rūpārūpadhammānaṃ vijātiyatāya vidhuraṃ. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘yuttānampi…pe… vippayuttapaccayatā’’ti. Na hi vatthusahajātapacchājātavasena ayuttānaṃ rūpādīnaṃ ārammaṇādibhāvena upakārakānaṃ vippayuttānampi vippayuttapaccayatā atthi. Yathā hi ‘‘vatthu khandhānaṃ vippayuttapaccayena paccayo, sahajātā kusalā khandhā cittasamuṭṭhānānaṃ rūpānaṃ, pacchājātā kusalā khandhā purejātassa imassa kāyassa vippayuttapaccayena paccayo’’tiādivacanato (paṭṭhā. 1.1.434) vatthunā, sahajātapacchājātavasena ca yuttānaṃ atthi vippayuttapaccayabhāvo, na evaṃ ayuttānaṃ atthīti. Yadi evaṃ rūpānaṃ rūpehi kasmā vippayuttapaccayo na vuttoti? Rūpānaṃ rūpehi satipi avinibbhoge sampayogo viya vippayogo (dhātu. 3) natthīti na tesaṃ vippayuttapaccayatā. Vuttañhi ‘‘catūhi sampayogo, catūhi vippayogo’’ti. Sampayujjamānānañhi arūpānaṃ rūpehi, rūpānañca tehi siyā sampayogāsaṅkāti tesaṃ aññamaññaṃ vippayuttapaccayatā vuttā. Rūpānaṃ pana rūpehi sampayogo natthīti na tesaṃ vippayuttapaccayatā vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rūpino dhammā arūpīnaṃ dhammānaṃ, arūpinopi rūpīna</span>nti ettha arūpaggahaṇaṃ catunnaṃ khandhānaṃ vasena veditabbaṃ. Arūpadhammesu hi cattāro eva khandhā sahajātapurejātānaṃ rūpadhammānaṃ vippayuttapaccayā honti. Nibbānaṃ pana yathā <a name="M2.0286"></a> arūpadhammānaṃ sampayuttapaccayo na hoti, evaṃ rūpadhammānaṃ vippayuttapaccayo na hoti. ‘‘Catūhi sampayogo, catūhi vippayogo’’ti (dhātu. 3) hi vuttaṃ. Tasmā arūpadhammesu catunnaṃ khandhānameva vippayuttapaccayatā. Vuttañca <span class="bld">pañhāvāre</span> ‘‘sahajātā kusalā khandhā cittasamuṭṭhānānaṃ rūpānaṃ vippayuttapaccayena paccayo’’tiādi (paṭṭhā. 1.1.434). <span class="bld">Rūpino dhammā</span>ti cetaṃ hadayavatthuno ceva cakkhādīnañca vasena veditabbaṃ. Rūpadhammesu hi cha vatthūniyeva arūpakkhandhānaṃ vippayuttapaccayo. Rūpāyatanādayo pana ārammaṇadhammā kiñcāpi vippayuttadhammā, vippayuttapaccayo pana na honti. Kiṃ kāraṇā? Sampayogāsaṅkābhāvato. Arūpakkhandhā hi cakkhādīnaṃ vatthūnaṃ abbhantarato nikkhamantā viya uppajjantīti siyā tattha āsaṅkā ‘‘kiṃ nu kho ime imehi sampayuttā, udāhu vippayuttā’’ti? Ārammaṇadhammā pana vatthusannissayena uppajjamānānaṃ ārammaṇamattaṃ hontīti natthi tesu sampayogāsaṅkāti <a name="V2.0268"></a> na te vippayuttā. Sampayogāsaṅkāsabbhāvato vatthūniyeva vippayuttapaccayā honti. Vuttampi cetaṃ <span class="bld">pañhāvāre</span> ‘‘vatthu kusalānaṃ khandhānaṃ vippayuttapaccayena paccayo, vatthu akusalānaṃ khandhānaṃ, cakkhāyatanaṃ cakkhuviññāṇadhātuyā’’tiādi. Svāyaṃ vippayuttapaccayo ‘‘sahajātapacchājātato kusalena abyākataṃ, tathā akusalena abyākataṃ, sahajātapurejātapacchājātato abyākatena abyākataṃ, vatthupurejātato abyākatena kusalaṃ, tathā akusalanti kusalamūlamekaṃ, akusalamūlamekaṃ, abyākatamūlāni tīṇī’’ti pañcavidho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para614"></a><span class="paranum">614</span>. <span class="bld">Paccuppannalakkhaṇenā</span>ti paccuppannasabhāvena. Tena ‘‘atthi me pāpakammaṃ kataṃ, atthi puggalo attahitāya paṭipanno’’ti (pu. pa. catukkauddesa 24) ca evamādīsu vuttaṃ nibbattitūpalabbhamānatālakkhaṇaṃ atthibhāvaṃ nivāreti. Satipi janakatte upatthambhakattappadhānā atthibhāvena upakārakatāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘upatthambhakattenā’’</span>ti. Idañca upatthambhakattaṃ vatthārammaṇasahajātādīnaṃ sādhāraṇaṃ atthibhāvena upakārakattanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. ‘‘Sattadhā mātikā nikkhittā’’ti vuttamatthaṃ pāḷiyā eva dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yathāhā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">‘‘cattāro khandhā arūpino’’</span>tiādinā sahajātavasena atthipaccayodassito<a name="M2.0287"></a>, <span class="bld">‘‘cakkhāyatana’’</span>ntiādinā purejātavasena, <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ rūpaṃ nissāyā’’</span>tiādinā sahajātapurejātavasena. Evamayaṃ pāṭho sahajātapurejātaatthipaccayavaseneva āgato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aññattha pana tato aññathāpi āgatoti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pañhāvāre panā’’</span>tiādimāha. Taṃ tena pacchājātāhārindriyavasenāpi atthipaccayattaṃ vibhāveti. Purimapāṭhe pana sāvasesā desanā katāti veditabbaṃ. Sati ca yesaṃ paccayā honti, tehi ekato, puretaraṃ, pacchā ca uppannabhāve sahajātādipaccayattābhāvato āhāro, indriyañca sahajātādibhedaṃ na labhanti, tadabhāvo ca tesaṃ dhammasabhāvavasena daṭṭhabbo. Svāyaṃ atthipaccayo ‘‘sahajātato kusalena kusalaṃ, sahajātapacchājātato kusalena abyākataṃ, sahajātato eva kusalena kusalābyākatanti kusalamūlā tayo, tathā akusalamūlā. Sahajātapurejātapacchājātāhārindriyato pana abyākatena abyākataṃ, vatthārammaṇapurejātato abyākatena kusalaṃ, tathā akusalaṃ. Sahajātapurejātato kusalañca abyākatañca kusalassa, sahajātapurejātapacchājātāhārindriyato kusalañca abyākatañca abyākatassa, sahajātapurejātato akusalañca abyākatañca akusalassa, sahajātapurejātapacchājātāhārindriyato <a name="V2.0269"></a> akusalañca abyākatañca abyākatassā’’ti evaṃ terasavidho. Saṅkhepena kusalākusalavipākakiriyarūpavasena pañcavidho atthipaccayo, na nibbānaṃ. Yo hi atthibhāvābhāvena anupakārako atthibhāvaṃ labhitvā upakārako hoti, so atthipaccayo hoti. Nibbānañca nibbānārammaṇānaṃ na attano atthibhāvābhāvena anupakārakaṃ hutvā atthibhāvalābhena upakārakaṃ hotīti, uppādādiyuttānaṃ vā natthibhāvopakārakatāviruddho upakārakabhāvo atthipaccayatāti, na nibbānaṃ atthipaccayo hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para615"></a><span class="paranum">615</span>. Ārammaṇe phusanādivasena pavattamānānaṃ phassādīnaṃ anekesaṃ sahabhāvo natthīti ekasmiṃ phassādisamudāye sati dutiyo na hoti, asati pana hotīti tena natthibhāvena upakārakatā <span class="bld">natthipaccayatā</span>. Satipi purimataracittānaṃ natthibhāve na tena tāni natthibhāvena upakārakāni, anantarameva pana attano atthibhāvena pavattiokāsaṃ <a name="M2.0288"></a> alabhamānaṃ natthibhāvena okāsaṃ dadamānaṃ viya upakārakaṃ hotīti <span class="bld">‘‘pavattiokāsadānena upakārakā’’</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Paṭuppannāna</span>nti paccuppannānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Te evā’’</span>ti etena natthivigatapaccayānaṃ dhammato visesābhāvamāha. Evaṃ santepi abhāvamattena upakārakatā okāsadānaṃ natthipaccayatā, sabhāvāvigamena appavattamānānaṃ sabhāvavigamena upakārakatā vigatapaccayatā. <span class="bld">Natthitā</span> ca nirodhānantarā suññatā, <span class="bld">vigatatā</span> nirodhappattatāti ayametesaṃ viseso.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Atthipaccayadhammā eva cā</span>ti <span class="bld">ca</span>-saddo sampiṇḍanattho. Tena na kevalaṃ natthivigatapaccayā eva dhammato avisiṭṭhā, atha kho atthiavigatapaccayāpīti imamatthaṃ dīpeti. Yadipime paccayā dhammato avisiṭṭhā, tathāpi atthitāya sasabhāvatāya upakārakatā atthipaccayatā, sabhāvāvigamena nirodhassa appattiyā upakārakatā avigatapaccayatāti paccayabhāvaviseso dhammāvisesepi veditabbo. Dhammānañhi samatthatāvisesaṃ sabbaṃ yāthāvato abhisambujjhitvā bhagavatā catuvīsatipaccayavisesā vuttāti dhammassāmimhi saddhāya ‘‘evaṃ visesā ete dhammā’’ti sutamayañāṇaṃ uppādetvā cintābhāvanāmayehi tadabhisamayāya yogo karaṇīyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha <a name="V2.0270"></a> ca ārammaṇaanantarasamanantaraupanissayapurejātaāsevanasampayuttanatthivigatapaccayā arūpadhammānaṃyeva, pacchājātapaccayo rūpadhammānaṃyeva, itare cuddasa rūpārūpadhammānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Hetuanantarasamanantarāsevanapacchājātakammavipākajhānamaggasampayuttanatthivigatapaccayā arūpadhammā eva, purejātapaccayo rūpameva, ubhayaṃ ārammaṇūpanissaye ṭhapetvā sesā, te dve paññattisabhāvāpi honti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Anantarasamanantarāsevananatthivigatapaccayā atītā eva. Ārammaṇārammaṇādhipatiārammaṇūpanissayā tikālikā, kālavinimuttā ca. Kammapaccayo atītapaccuppannavasena dvikāliko. Sesā pañcadasa paccuppannāva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā anantarasamanantaraanantarūpanissayapakatūpanissayāsevanapaccayā, nānākkhaṇikakammapaccayo, natthivigatapaccayā cāti ime paccayā janakā eva, na upatthambhakā. Pacchājātapaccayo upatthambhako eva, na janako<a name="M2.0289"></a>. Sesā janakā ca upatthambhakā cāti ayampi viseso veditabbo.</p>
<p class="subhead">Avijjāpaccayāsaṅkhārapadavitthārakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para616"></a><span class="paranum">616</span>. <span class="bld">Paccayesū</span>ti niddhāraṇe bhummaṃ. <span class="bld">Duvidhā</span> dvippakārena. <span class="bld">Anekadhā</span>ti sattarasadhā ārammaṇapaccayādivasena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Abhiññācittenā</span>ti cetopariyapubbenivāsaanāgataṃsañāṇasaṅkhātāhi abhiññāhi sahagatacittena. <span class="bld">Samohacittajānanakāle</span>ti paresaṃ, attano ca samohassa cittassa jānanakāle. Avijjāpubbaṅgamā akusalappavattiyo yā kāci vipattiyo, sabbā tā mohamūlikāti ca avijjāya ādīnavadassanena <span class="bld">avijjāsamatikkamatthāya</span> vivaṭṭābhipatthanāyāti attho. <span class="bld">Dvinnampi tesaṃ</span> puññābhisaṅkhārānaṃ. <span class="bld">Avijjāsammūḷhattā</span>ti bhavādīnavappaṭicchādikāya avijjāya sammūḷhattā. <span class="bld">Tāneva puññānī</span>ti tāneva yathāvuttāni kāmāvacararūpāvacarapuññāni. Upanissayapaccayena paccayo hotīti sambandho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rāgādīna</span>nti <a name="V2.0271"></a> rāgadiṭṭhivicikicchuddhaccadomanassānaṃ. Avijjāsampayuttattā rāgādīnaṃ rāgādiassādanakālesu avijjaṃ ārabbha uppatti veditabbā. Garuṃ katvā assādanaṃ rāgadiṭṭhisampayuttāya eva avijjāya yojetabbaṃ. Assādanañca rāgo, tadaviyuttā ca diṭṭhīti assādanavacaneneva yathāvuttaṃ avijjaṃ garuṃ karontī diṭṭhi ca vuttāti veditabbā. Rāgādīhi ca pāḷiyaṃ sarūpato vuttehi taṃsampayuttasaṅkhārassa avijjārammaṇāditaṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Anādīnavadassāvino</span>ti pāṇātipātādīsu na ādīnavadassino. Avijjāya anārammaṇassa, paṭhamajavanassa ca ārammaṇādhipatianantarādipaccayavacanesu avuttassa, vuttassa ca sabbassa saṅgaṇhanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ kiñcī’’</span>ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vuttanayenā</span>ti samatikkamabhavapatthanāvasena puññābhisaṅkhāre vuttanayena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para617"></a><span class="paranum">617</span>. <span class="bld">Kiṃ panāya</span>ntiādinā codakassa ayamadhippāyo – ‘‘avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā sambhavantī’’ti ettha sambhavanti evāti avadhāraṇaṃ na yujjati<a name="M2.0290"></a>, avasesapaccayasamavāyābhāve saṅkhārānaṃ sambhavābhāvato. Tathā saṅkhārā evāti avadhāraṇampi na yujjati. Kasmā? Aññesañca paccayuppannadhammānaṃ sambhavassa tato icchitabbattā. Vākyassa avadhāraṇaphalattā avijjāpaccayā eva saṅkhārā sambhavantīti avadhāraṇe gayhamānepi ayaṃ doso. Kasmā? Yasmā lobhādikammanidānaupādānavatthārammaṇamanasikārādayo aññepi paccayā labbhantiyevāti. Tattha <span class="bld">ekā</span>ti asahāyā, kāraṇantaranirapekkhāti attho. <span class="bld">Aññepi paccayā</span> sahakārikāraṇabhūtā. Dosamettha vattukāmo codako pucchatīti ñatvā ācariyo āha <span class="bld">‘‘kiṃ panetthā’’</span>ti. Ettha avijjāya paccayantarena rahitabhāve ca sahitabhāve ca kiṃ pana vattabbaṃ, asamattā te codanā, avasiṭṭhañca tāva kathehīti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Ekakāraṇavādo āpajjatī</span>ti dosappasaṅgo vutto. Aniṭṭho hi ekakāraṇavādo sabbattha sabbakālaṃ sambhavāpattito, ekasadisāsabhāvāpattito ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yasmā ekaṃ na ekato</span>tiādīsu tīsu pakāresu avijjamānesu pārisesena anekato anekamevāti etasmiṃ catutthe eva pakāre vijjamāne ekahetuphaladīpane attho atthi, tasmā na nupapajjati upapajjatiyeva. Ekaṃ phalaṃ ekato natthi, anekampi ekato natthi. Anekatopi ekaṃ phalaṃ no atthīti sambandho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekekahetuphaladīpana</span>nti <a name="V2.0272"></a> ‘‘avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā’’ti ekahetudīpanaṃ, ‘‘saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇa’’nti ekaphaladīpananti evaṃ tattha tattha ekekahetuphaladīpanaṃ kataṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Veneyyānaṃ anurūpato</span>ti veneyyānaṃ ajjhāsayassa anurūpato. Ekasseva hetuno, phalassa ca dīpanā satthu desanāvilāsato vā veneyyapuggalānaṃ ajjhāsayato vā. Tadubhayassa panettha kāraṇaṃ tattha tattha desetabbassa atthassa padhānatā, pākaṭatā, asādhāraṇatā ca. Desanāvilāsappattā ca buddhā bhagavanto te desetabbe atthe bahūsupi pariyāyesu labbhamānesu yathārucitaṃ gahetvā dhammaṃ desenti, sā <span class="bld">desanāvilāsānurūpatā</span>. Tattha pana yena pariyāyena ye veneyyā bujjhanti, teneva tesaṃ bodhanaṃ, sā <span class="bld">veneyyajjhāsayānurūpatā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yathāphassaṃ</span> <a name="M2.0291"></a> <span class="bld">vedanāvavatthānato</span>ti ‘‘sukhavedanīyaṃ, bhikkhave, phassaṃ paṭicca uppajjati sukhā vedanā’’tiādinā (saṃ. ni. 4.129), ‘‘cakkhuñca paṭicca rūpe ca uppajjati cakkhuviññāṇaṃ, tiṇṇaṃ saṅgati phasso, phassapaccayā vedanā’’tiādinā (ma. ni. 1.204, 400; 3.421, 425, 426; saṃ. ni. 2.43-44; 2.4.60; kathā. 465, 467) ca sukhavedanīyaphassādicakkhusamphassādianurūpena sukhavedanādicakkhusamphassajāvedanādīnaṃ vavatthānato. Samānesupi hi cakkhurūpādīsu phassavasena sukhādivipariyāyābhāvato, samānesu rūpamanasikārādīsu cakkhādisaṅghaṭṭanavasena cakkhusamphassajādivipariyāyābhāvato, aññapaccayasāmaññepi cakkhusamphassavasena sukhādicakkhusamphassajādīnaṃ oḷārikasukhumādisaṅkarābhāvato cāti attho. Yathāvuttaphassassa sukhādīnaṃ aviparīto paccayabhāvo eva <span class="bld">yathāvedanaṃ phassavavatthānaṃ</span>. Kāraṇaphalavisesena vā phalakāraṇavisesanicchayo hotīti ubhayatthāpi nicchayo pavatthānanti vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kammādayo</span>ti kammaāhārautuādayo apākaṭā semhapaṭikārena rogavūpasamanato. Semhassa mandabhāvādinā ca semhaṃyeva pākaṭaṃ kāraṇaṃ. Ayamidha avijjā saṅkhārānaṃ hetubhāvena dīpitāti sambandho. <span class="bld">Assādānupassino taṇhā pavaḍḍhatīti vacanato</span>ti ‘‘saṃyojaniyesu, bhikkhave, dhammesu assādānupassino taṇhā pavaḍḍhati, taṇhāpaccayā upādānaṃ, upādānapaccayā bhavo’’ti (saṃ. ni. 2.53) iminā suttena taṇhāya saṅkhārakāraṇabhāvassa vuttattāti attho. Puna tassāpi avijjāya kāraṇanti dassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘avijjāsamudayā āsavasamudayoti ca vacanato’’</span>ti āha<a name="V2.0273"></a>. Taṇhā vā caturupādānabhūtā kāmāsavadiṭṭhāsavā ca saṅkhārassa kāraṇanti pākaṭā avijjāhetukāti suttadvayenāpi avijjāya pākaṭaṃ saṅkhārānaṃ kāraṇabhāvameva dasseti. ‘‘Assādānupassino’’ti (saṃ. ni. 2.53) hi vacanena bhavādīnavappaṭicchādanakiccā avijjā taṇhāya kāraṇanti dassitā hoti. Yasmā avidvā, tasmā puññābhisaṅkhārādike abhisaṅkharotīti avijjāya saṅkhārakāraṇabhāvassa pākaṭattā aviddasubhāvova saṅkhārakāraṇabhāvena vutto. Khīṇāsavassa saṅkhārābhāvato, asādhāraṇattā ca puññābhisaṅkhārādīnaṃ sādhāraṇakāraṇāni vatthārammaṇādīnīti <a name="M2.0292"></a> puññabhavādīnavappaṭicchādikā avijjā puññābhisaṅkhārādīnaṃ asādhāraṇaṃ kāraṇanti vā attho daṭṭhabbo. Eteneva ‘‘avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā, saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇa’’nti (ma. ni. 3.126; saṃ. ni. 2.1; udā. 1; mahāva. 1; netti. 24) ettha pana padhānattā, pākaṭattā, asādhāraṇattāti ekekahetuphaladīpanaparihāravacanena sabbattha ‘‘phassapaccayā vedanā, vedanāpaccayā taṇhā’’tiādīsu bodhaneyyajjhāsayavasena dhammassa bodhanasaṅkhātaṃ payojanaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para618"></a><span class="paranum">618</span>. <span class="bld">‘‘Ekantāniṭṭhaphalāyā’’</span>ti etena viruddhabhāvaṃ, <span class="bld">‘‘sāvajjāyā’’</span>ti etena vijātiyabhāvaṃ avijjāya joteti. Puññāneñjābhisaṅkhārā hi iṭṭhavipākatāya, anavajjasabhāvatāya ca tassā viruddhā, vijātiyā cāti. <span class="bld">Kathaṃ na yujjissatī</span>tiādi samādhānaṃ, tena yvāyaṃ ekantāniṭṭhaphalatādihetupadeso, tassa anekantikataṃ dasseti. Ayaṃ hettha adhippāyo – yāyaṃ tayā codanā ‘‘evaṃ santepī’’tiādinā katā, sā yuttā vipākaṃ pati. Na hi aniṭṭhavepakkaṃ kāraṇaṃ iṭṭhaṃ phalati, iṭṭhavepakkaṃ vā aniṭṭhaṃ. Yasmā panettha paccayuppannadhammānaṃ paccayabhāvalakkhaṇadhammānaṃ dhammatā adhippetā, tatra cāyaṃ niyamo natthi vicittarūpattā tassāti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘viruddho cā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">dhammāna</span>nti sabhāvadhammānaṃ. <span class="bld">Ṭhāna</span>nti avaṭṭhānaṃ. Tasmā <span class="bld">ṭhānaviruddho</span>ti atthitāviruddho. Keci pana ‘‘paṭisandhiādīniṭhānānī’’ti vadanti. Evaṃ sati ‘‘purimacittaṃ pacchimacittassa ṭhānaviruddho paccayo’’ti nayidaṃ ekantikaṃ siyā. Bhavaṅgampi hi bhavaṅgassa anantarapaccayo, javanaṃ javanassa, na ca sippādīnaṃ paṭisandhiādiṭṭhānaṃ atthi, tasmā na taṃ idha adhippetaṃ. <span class="bld">Kammaṃ rūpassa</span> namanaruppanavirodhā, sārammaṇānārammaṇādivirodhā <span class="bld">ca sabhāvaviruddho paccayo<a name="V2.0274"></a>. Khīrādīni dadhiādīnaṃ</span> madhurambilarasādisabhāvavirodhā. Avijānanakicco <span class="bld">āloko</span> vijānanakiccassa <span class="bld">viññāṇassa</span>. Amadanakiccā ca <span class="bld">guḷādayo</span> madanakiccassa <span class="bld">āsavassa</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Golomāvilomādī</span>tiādīsu golomāvilomāni dubbāya, <span class="bld">avī</span>ti ca rattā eḷakā veditabbā. <span class="bld">Visāṇaṃ</span> sarassa. <span class="bld">Dadhitilapiṭṭha</span>guḷāni bhūtiṇakassa. Sevālaṃ taṇḍuleyyakassa, kharavaḷavā assatarassāti evamādi <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena saṅgahito. Yasmā vipākā eva na, tasmā dukkhavipākāyapi <a name="M2.0293"></a> avijjāya adukkhavipākānaṃ puññāneñjābhisaṅkhārānaṃ paccayattaṃ na na yujjatīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tadavipākattepi sāvajjatāya tadaviruddhānaṃ, taṃsadisānañca apuññābhisaṅkhārānameva paccayo, na itaresanti etassa pasaṅgassa nivāraṇatthaṃ ‘‘viruddho cāviruddho ca, sadisāsadiso tathā. Dhammānaṃ paccayo siddho’’ti vuttaṃ. Tasmā tamatthaṃ pākaṭaṃ karonto <span class="bld">‘‘iti ayaṃ avijjā’’</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para619"></a><span class="paranum">619</span>. <span class="bld">Sabbattha khandhānaṃ bhedo maraṇanti cutiṃ aggaṇhanto</span>ti idha cuti nāma tattha tattha bhavādīsu rūpādīnaṃ khandhānaṃ maraṇasaññito carimo bhedoti yāthāvato ajānanto. <span class="bld">Sattassa</span> sato vijjamānasseva. <span class="bld">Dehantarasaṅkamanaṃ</span> aññena kāyena samāgamo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbattha khandhānaṃ pātubhāvo</span>ti tattha tattha bhavādīsu khandhānaṃ paṭhamābhinibbatti. <span class="bld">Navasarīrapātubhāvo</span>ti idha jiṇṇassa sarīrassa nikkhepe paralokapariyāpannassa navakāyassa uppādo. Yatheke vadanti –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Vatthāni jiṇṇāni yathā pahāya,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Navāni gaṇhāti naro parāni;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Nikkhippa dehaṃ idha jiṇṇamevaṃ,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Gaṇhāti attābhinavaṃ sukhesī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ayaṃ satto</span>ti ayamattā, yo sāmī, nivāsī, kārako, vedako cāti adhippeto. <span class="bld">Satto</span> <a name="V2.0275"></a> <span class="bld">marati, satto upapajjatī</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo. Tīsupi ṭhānesu <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena issarakuttabrahmakuttādivikappanaṃ saṅgaṇhāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabhāvalakkhaṇa</span>nti’ruppanānubhavanādiṃ, kakkhaḷaphusanādisabhāvameva vā. <span class="bld">Sāmaññalakkhaṇa</span>nti aniccatādiṃ. <span class="bld">Saṅkhāre attato attaniyato</span>ti rūpādīsu ekaccaṃ attato, tadaññaṃ attaniyato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Attā jānāti vā</span>ti vikappeti kāpilādayo viya. <span class="bld">Na jānāti vā</span>ti kāṇādājīvikādayo viya. Kāṇādopi hi attā sabhāvena na jānāti. Yadā buddhiguṇena saṃyujjati, tadā jānātīti icchati. <span class="bld">So eva karoti ca kāreti cā</span>ti yo parattha sukhadukkhaṃ anubhavati, so eva puññāpuññaṃ sayaṃ karoti, aññañca kāreti, na aññoti adhippāyo<a name="M2.0294"></a>. <span class="bld">Saṇṭhapentā</span>ti dviaṇukādiuppādanavasena, icchāvasena ca sampādentā. <span class="bld">So</span>ti attasaññito satto. <span class="bld">Indriyasampanno</span>ti cakkhādīhi indriyehi samannāgato, tena saḷāyatanappavattiṃ dasseti. Sabbañhetaṃ yathāpaccayaṃ pavattamānānaṃ avijjādīnaṃ kiccaṃ attano byāpāraṃ katvā diṭṭhigatiko vimuyhatīti dassanavasena vuttaṃ. Acchejjasuttāvutābhejjamaṇīnaṃ viya pubbāpariyavavatthānaṃ niyati, niyatiyā, niyati eva vā saṅgati samāgamo niyatisaṅgati, tāya bhāvesu pariṇatā manussadevavihaṅgādibhāvaṃ pattā <span class="bld">niyatisaṅgatibhāvapariṇatā</span>. Niyatiyā, saṅgatiyā, bhāvasaṅkhātena sabhāvena ca pariṇatā nānappakārataṃ pattā <span class="bld">niyatisaṅgatibhāvapariṇatā</span>ti ca atthaṃ vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Etehi ca vikappanehi avijjā akusalaṃ cittaṃ katvā satte puññādīsu saṅkhāresu yattha katthaci pavattetīti imamatthaṃ dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘so avijjāya andhīkato’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Paṭipajjatī</span>ti upasaṅkamati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Apariṇāyako</span>ti arahattamaggasampaṭipādakakalyāṇamittarahito, arahattamaggañāṇāvasānaṃ vā ñāṇaṃ samavisamaṃ dassetvā satte nibbānaṃ nayatīti pariṇāyakaṃ, tena rahito apariṇāyako. <span class="bld">Dhammaṃ ñatvā</span>ti sappurisūpassayena catusaccappakāsakaṃ suttādidhammaṃ ñatvā, maggañāṇeneva vā sabbadhammapavaraṃ nibbānadhammaṃ ñatvā. Taṃjānanāyattaṃ pana sesasaccattayābhisamayaṃ <a name="V2.0276"></a> samānakālampi taṃ purimakālaṃ viya katvā vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Upasanto carissatī</span>ti aggamaggādhigamena sabbaso avijjūpasamā upasanto saupādisesanibbānadhātuyaṃ ṭhito yāva anupādisesanibbānadhātupatti, tāva sattānaṃ hitacariyāya attabhāvaṃ pavattento carissati, diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārehi viharissatīti attho.</p>
<p class="subhead">Saṅkhārapaccayāviññāṇapadavitthārakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para620"></a><span class="paranum">620</span>. Yathāvuttasaṅkhārapaccayā uppajjamānaṃ taṃ kammanibbattameva bhavituṃ arahatīti <span class="bld">‘‘bāttiṃsa lokiyavipākaviññāṇāni saṅgahitānī’’</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Dhātukathāyaṃ</span> pana vippayuttena saṅgahitāsaṅgahitapadaniddese ‘‘saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇena ye dhammā, saḷāyatanapaccayā phassena ye dhammā, phassapaccayā vedanāya ye dhammā vippayuttā, te <a name="M2.0295"></a> dhammā katihi khandhehi…pe… saṅgahitā? Te dhammā asaṅkhataṃ khandhato ṭhapetvā ekena khandhena, ekādasahi āyatanehi, ekādasahi dhātūhi saṅgahitā. Katihi asaṅgahitā? Catūhi khandhehi, ekenāyatanena, sattahi dhātūhi asaṅgahitā’’ti (dhātu. 466) vacanato sabbaviññāṇaphassavedanāpariggaho kato. Yadi hi ettha viññāṇaphassavedanā sappadesā siyuṃ, ‘‘vipākā dhammā’’ti (dha. sa. tikamātikā 3) imassa viya visajjanaṃ siyā. Tasmā tattha abhidhammabhājanīyavasena saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇādayo gahitāti adhippāyo veditabbo. Avijjāpaccayā saṅkhāro ca abhidhammabhājanīye (vibha. 243) catubhūmakakusalasaṅkhāro, akusalasaṅkhāro ca vuttoti eso eva dhātukathāyaṃ gahitoti daṭṭhabbo. Bhavo pana <span class="bld">dhātukathāyaṃ</span> kammūpapattibhavavisesadassanatthaṃ na abhidhammabhājanīyavasena gahito, evañca katvā tattha ‘‘upādānapaccayā bhavo’’ti anuddharitvā ‘‘kammabhavo’’tiādinā (dhātu. 66) nayena bhavo uddhaṭo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Lokiyavipākamanoviññāṇameva sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘bāvīsatividhaṃ hotī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Chahi viññāṇehī</span>ti yathāadhikatehi cakkhuviññāṇādīhi chahi viññāṇehi. Kasmā panettha lokiyavipākaviññāṇasseva gahaṇaṃ katanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘lokuttarāni pana vaṭṭakathāya na yujjantī’’</span>ti. Yadi evaṃ kasmā dhātukathāyaṃ ‘‘saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇena ye dhammā vippayuttā’’tiādīsu (dhātu. 362) lokuttaravipākānampi gahaṇaṃ katanti? Taṃ yathādhammasāsanattā abhidhammadesanāya <span class="bld">vipākattike</span> (dha. sa. tikamātikā 3) viya anavasesavipākadhammasaṅgaṇhanavasena <a name="V2.0277"></a> vuttaṃ. Suttantadesanā pana yathānulomadesanāti tattha pavattinivattiyo asaṅkarato dassetabbā. Tasmā tadatthasaṃvaṇṇanāti katvā pavattikathāyaṃ lokiyavipākaviññāṇāniyeva gahitāni. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘vaṭṭakathāya na yujjantīti na gahitānī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā kataṃ kammaṃ phaladāne samatthaṃ hoti, tathā kataṃ ‘‘upacita’’nti vuccatīti vipākadānayogyameva saṅkhāraṃ gaṇhanto <span class="bld">‘‘upacitakammābhāve’’</span>ti āha. Hetu nāma byatirekappadhānanti <span class="bld">abhāva</span>-ggahaṇaṃ, tena kamme sati bhāvato, asati abhāvatoti ayamettha adhippāyo<a name="M2.0296"></a>. Yathā panassa viññāṇassa saṅkhārapaccayatā na siddhā, na evaṃ vipākabhāvo. So pana siddhoti katvā āha <span class="bld">‘‘vipākaṃheta’’</span>nti. Tena viññāṇassa vipākabhāvena saṅkhārapaccayattaṃ sādheti. Tassa pana sādhanatthaṃ ‘‘upacitakammābhāve vipākābhāvato’’ti vuttanti taṃ vivaranto <span class="bld">‘‘vipākañcā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Yadi uppajjeyyā</span>ti yadi kammanirapekkho vipāko uppajjeyya. <span class="bld">Sabbesaṃ</span> sattānaṃ brahmattaṃ upagatānaṃ ghānādiviññāṇāni mahāvipākaviññāṇānīti tassa tassa vipākassa anokāse ṭhitānampi. <span class="bld">Vipākānī</span>ti viññāṇāpekkhāya napuṃsakaniddeso, sabbavipākaviññāṇānīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Saṅkhārā bahū ekūnatiṃsacetanābhedato, viññāṇāni ca bahūni bāttiṃsavidhattā, na ca sabbato sabbānīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘katarasaṅkhārapaccayā kataraviññāṇanti ce’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">‘‘Viññāṇa’’</span>nti ca idaṃ viññāṇasāmaññaṃ gahetvā vuttaṃ. Kāmaṃ <span class="bld">khandhaniddesepi</span> (visuddhi. 2.451 ādayo) imāni viññāṇāni niddiṭṭhāni, taṃ pana atisaṃkhittaṃ, na ca tattha nesaṃ saṅkhārapaccayatā vibhāvitāti taṃ pavattiyaṃ, paṭisandhiyañca bhavādīsu pavattanākāravasena vitthārato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kāmāvacarapuññābhisaṅkhārapaccayā’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. <span class="bld">Manoviññāṇe</span>ti niddhāraṇe bhūmmaṃ. <span class="bld">Mahāvipākānī</span>ti viññāṇāpekkhāya napuṃsakaniddeso. <span class="bld">Mahāvipākā</span>ti pana pāṭhe manoviññāṇadhātuyoti ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para621"></a><span class="paranum">621</span>. <span class="bld">Yaṃsaṅkhārapaccayā</span>ti yassa yassa saṅkhārassa paccayabhāvena. <span class="bld">Yaṃ viññāṇa</span>nti ‘‘yaṃ yaṃ viññāṇa’’nti evaṃ ubhayattha āmeḍitalopo daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">‘‘Hotī’’</span>ti iminā kāraṇabhāve viññāṇassa sabbhāvamattaṃ paveditaṃ, na pavattivisesoti taṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ pavatti veditabbā’’</span>ti āha<a name="V2.0278"></a>. Brahmānampi aniṭṭharūpādiāpāthagamane akusalavipākacakkhuviññāṇādīni kadāci uppajjantīti <span class="bld">‘‘imāni terasa…pe… pavattantī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Tattha pañcannaṃ khandhānaṃ vokāro vitthāro etthāti pañcavokāro, so eva bhavo, etasmiṃ <span class="bld">pañcavokārabhave</span>. Hoti hi bhinnādhikaraṇānampi aññapadatthasamāso yathā ‘‘urasilomo’’ti. Atha vā yathāpaccayaṃ pavattamānehi pañcahi khandhehi vokarīyatīti pañcavokāro, so eva bhavoti sabbaṃ pubbe viya.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Pavattiyaññeva <a name="M2.0297"></a> pavattantī’’ti saṅkhepato vuttamatthaṃ vivarituṃ <span class="bld">‘‘katha’’</span>ntiādi āraddhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Yebhuyyena lobhasampayuttajavanāvasāne’’</span>ti idaṃ paṭighavicikicchuddhaccasampayuttānantaraṃ somanassasahagatassa anuppajjanatoti keci, taṃ na gahetabbaṃ. ‘‘Cakkhuṃ assādeti abhinandati, taṃ ārabbha rāgo uppajjati, diṭṭhi uppajjati…pe… vicikicchā uppajjati, uddhaccaṃ uppajjati, akusale niruddhe vipāko tadārammaṇatā uppajjatī’’ti vacanato. Iṭṭhaṃ ce ārammaṇaṃ, somanassatadārammaṇaṃ na na uppajjatīti. Javanena tadārammaṇaniyame somanassasahagatānantaraṃ somanassasahagatāneva sandhāya vuttanti apare, taṃ vicāretabbaṃ upekkhāsahagatakusalākusalajavanānantarampi somanassatadārammaṇassa icchitabbattā. Upekkhāsahagatakiriyājavanānantarameva hi somanassatadārammaṇaṃ na icchanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā pana tihetukajavanāvasāne ca kadāci ahetukaṃ tadārammaṇaṃ hoti, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘yebhuyyenā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Yasmā ekacittakkhaṇāyukaṃ javanārammaṇaṃ hoti, tadā tattha ekameva tadārammaṇaṃ hotīti katvā <span class="bld">‘‘sakiṃ vā’’</span>ti vuttanti keci. Apare pana tadārammaṇaṃ nāma javanārammaṇānubhavanakiccaṃ, taṃ ekacittakkhaṇike tathā āsannabhede ārammaṇe nuppajjati. Tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘sakiṃ vā’’</span>ti idaṃ dirattatirattādi viya vacanasiliṭṭhatāvasena vuttanti veditabbaṃ, dvikkhattumeva pana uppajjatīti. ‘‘Dirattatiratta’’nti (pāci. 50) ettha hi vā-saddassa abhāvā vacanasiliṭṭhatāmattena dirattaggahaṇaṃ katanti yujjati. ‘‘Nirantaraṃ tirattadassanatthaṃ vā’’ti idha pana vā-saddo vikappattho vuttoti sakiṃ eva ca kadāci pavattiṃ sandhāya <span class="bld">‘‘sakiṃ vā’’</span>ti vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Teneva hi <span class="bld">sammohavinodaniyaṃ</span> sakiṃ tadārammaṇappavattiyā vicāretabbataṃ dassentena ‘‘cittappavattigaṇanāyaṃ pana sabbadvāresu tadārammaṇe dve eva cittavārā āgatā’’ti (vibha. aṭṭha. 227) vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="V2.0279"></a> <span class="bld">cittappavattigaṇanāya</span>nti vipākakathāyaṃ balavarūpādiārammaṇe vuttaṃ cittappavattigaṇanaṃ sandhāyāha. Tattha hi dveva tadārammaṇuppattivārā vuttā<a name="M2.0298"></a>. Tadeva hi sandhāya idhāpi vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘abhidhammaṭṭhakathāyaṃ pana tadārammaṇe dve cittavārā āgatā’’</span>ti. Abhidhammaṭṭhakathāyaṃ aniyatārammaṇaṭṭhānakiccā hutvā pavattantīti (vibha. aṭṭha. 227) dvāraṃ anāmasitvā eva vuttaṃ, taṃ anantaraṃ parato vuttasahetukavipākaviññāṇānaṃ sadisasaṃvaṇṇanaṃ kātukāmatādhippāyena vuttaṃ. Ahetukadvayādīnañhi bhavaṅgabhūtānaṃ sayameva dvārattā, cutipaṭisandhibhūtānañca bhavaṅgasaṅkhātena, aññena ca dvārena anuppattito niyataṃ, aniyataṃ vā dvāraṃ etesanti na sakkā vattunti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ahetukadvayassa pana santīraṇatadārammaṇabhūtassa dvāraṃ labbhati, tañca aniyatanti tampi gaṇhanto <span class="bld">‘‘aniyatadvārārammaṇaṭṭhānakiccā hutvā pavattantī’’</span>ti āha. Teneva cettha mahāvipākānampi tadārammaṇabhūtānaṃ dvāraṃ labbhatīti tatthāpi dvāraggahaṇaṃ kataṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ekassa sattassa pavatto rūpāvacaravipāko pathavīkasiṇādīsu yasmiṃ ārammaṇe pavatto, tato aññasmiṃ tassa pavatti natthīti rūpāvacarānaṃ niyatārammaṇatā vuttā. <span class="bld">Itarāni</span> āruppavipākaviññāṇāni. Niyataṃ avatthukānīti <span class="bld">niyatāvatthukāni</span>. Kasiṇugghāṭimākāsādīsuyeva ārammaṇesu pavattanato <span class="bld">niyatārammaṇāni. Tatrā</span>ti pavattiyaṃ. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti bāttiṃsavidhassa vipākaviññāṇassa. <span class="bld">Te te saṅkhārā</span>ti yathāvuttā puññābhisaṅkhārādisaṅkhārā. <span class="bld">Kammapaccayenā</span>ti nānākkhaṇikakammapaccayena. <span class="bld">Upanissayapaccayenā</span>ti pakatūpanissayapaccayena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para622"></a><span class="paranum">622</span>. Evaṃ pavattiyaṃ viññāṇappavattiṃ dassetvā paṭisandhiyaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ pana vutta’’</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">anurūpāya paṭisandhiyā</span>ti anurūpena paṭisandhikiccena. Taṃ pana anurūpataṃ sayameva vakkhati. Bhavantarena bhavantarassa sandhānaṃ idha paṭisandhīti taṃ acittakampi atthevāti katvā ‘‘kati paṭisandhiyo’’ti pucchaṃ katvāpi <span class="bld">‘‘kati paṭisandhicittānī’’</span>ti pucchā katā. <span class="bld">‘‘Kena katthā’’</span>ti kena cittena kasmiṃ bhave.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti tesu ekūnavīsatiyā paṭisandhicittesu. Kusalavipākāya ahetukamanoviññāṇadhātuyāti <a name="V2.0280"></a> sambandho. Natthi devesu ahetukā paṭisandhīti <span class="bld">‘‘manussaloke’’</span>ti visesanaṃ. <span class="bld">Napuṃsakādīna</span>nti <span class="bld">ādi</span>saddena <a name="M2.0299"></a> mammādīnaṃ saṅgaho. Keci pana ekacce ahetukapaṭisandhikā avikalindriyā hutvā thokaṃ vicāraṇapakatikāpi hontiyeva, tasmā tādisānampi idha ādisaddena saṅgahoti vadanti. <span class="bld">Saṅkhepato</span>ti samāsato, asukāya paṭisandhiyā asukaṃ ārammaṇanti vibhāgaṃ akatvāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sesāna</span>nti rūpāvacarā pañca, paṭhamatatiyāruppā dveti imāsaṃ vuttāvasesānaṃ sattannaṃ paṭisandhīnaṃ. <span class="bld">Paccuppannārammaṇaṃ cuticittaṃ nāma natthi</span> paṭisandhiārammaṇe eva pavattanato. <span class="bld">Dvīsu ārammaṇesū</span>ti atītanavattabbavasena dvīsu ārammaṇesu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para623"></a><span class="paranum">623</span>. <span class="bld">Tānī</span>ti pubbe katāni kammāni. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti āsannamaraṇassa puggalassa. <span class="bld">Olambantī</span>ti sāyanhe mahantānaṃ pabbatakūṭānaṃ chāyā viya bhūmiyaṃ tassa citte avalambanti upatiṭṭhanti. <span class="bld">Tasmiṃ niruddhe</span>ti tasmiṃ cuticitte niruddhamatte tassa nirodhasamanantarameva. <span class="bld">Tadevā</span>ti taṃyeva yathāvuttajavanavīthiyā ārammaṇabhūtaṃ. Avijjātaṇhādīsu kilesesu anupacchinnesveva kammādino upaṭṭhānaṃ, tañca ārabbha cittasantānassa bhavantaraninnapoṇapabbhāratā hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘anupacchinnakilesabalavināmita’’</span>nti. Santāne hi vināmite tadekadesabhūtaṃ paṭisandhicittañca vināmitameva hoti, na ca ekadesavināmitabhāvena vinā santānassa vināmitatā atthīti. Sabbattha pana duggatipaṭisandhininnāya cutiyā purimajavanāni akusalāni, itarāya ca kusalānīti nicchinanti. ‘‘Nimittassādagadhitaṃ vā, bhikkhave, viññāṇaṃ tiṭṭhamānaṃ tiṭṭhati, anubyañjanassādagadhitaṃ vā, tasmiṃ ce samaye kālaṃ karoti, ṭhānametaṃ vijjati, yaṃ dvinnaṃ gatīnaṃ aññataraṃ gatiṃ upapajjeyya nirayaṃ vā tiracchānayoniṃ vā’’ti (saṃ. ni. 4.235) hi vuttaṃ, tasmā akusalaṃ duggatiyaṃ, kusalañca sugatiyaṃ paṭisandhiyā upanissayo hotīti. Arahato pana sabbaso kilesānaṃ upacchinnattā paṭippassaddhasabbabhavussukkatāya kammādinimittaṃ na upaṭṭhahati, tato vijjamānampi kammaṃ aladdhasahāyattā paṭisandhiṃ na janeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vuttappakārakammavasenā</span>ti pāpakammavasena, tadupaṭṭhāpitanti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">‘‘Narakādīsu aggijālavaṇṇādika’’</span>nti idaṃ taṃsadisatāvasena vuttaṃ. Na <a name="M2.0300"></a> hi so eva nirayaggivaṇṇādi tadā tassa <a name="V2.0281"></a> āpāthaṃ āgacchati. Tattha <span class="bld">aggijālavaṇṇādika</span>nti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena vettaraṇīsimbaliasipattavanādivaṇṇaṃ saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Narakādīsū</span>ti pana <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena petatiracchānānaṃ nibaddhasañcaraṇaṭṭhānapariyāpannavaṇṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Manodvāre āpāthamāgacchatī</span>ti kammabalena upaṭṭhāpitavaṇṇāyatanaṃ supinaṃ passantassa viya, dibbacakkhussa viya ca manodvāre eva gocarabhāvaṃ gacchati. Ekaṃ āvajjanaṃ, pañca javanāni, dve tadārammaṇānīti tīṇi vīthicittāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rāgādihetubhūtaṃ hīnamārammaṇa</span>nti akusalavipākassa ārammaṇaṃ bhavituṃ yuttaṃ aniṭṭhamārammaṇamāha. Tampi hi saṅkappanavasena rāgassāpi hetu hotīti. Akusalavipākajanakakammasahajātānaṃ vā taṃsadisāsannacutijavanacetanāsahajātānañca rāgādīnaṃ hetubhāvo eva hīnatā. Tañhi pacchānutāpajanakakammānamārammaṇaṃ kammavasena aniṭṭhaṃ akusalavipākassa ārammaṇaṃ bhaveyya. Aññathā ca iṭṭhārammaṇe pavattassa akusalakammassa vipāko akusalakammanimittārammaṇo na bhaveyya. Na hi akusalavipāko iṭṭhārammaṇo bhavituṃ arahatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pañcadvāre ca āpāthaṃ āgacchantaṃ paccuppannaṃ kammanimittaṃ āsannakatakammārammaṇasantatiyaṃ uppannaṃ, taṃsadisañca daṭṭhabbaṃ. Aññathā tadeva paṭisandhiārammaṇūpaṭṭhāpakaṃ, tadeva ca paṭisandhijanakaṃ bhaveyya. Na ca paṭisandhiyā upacārabhūtāni viya, etasmiṃ tayā pavattitabbanti paṭisandhiyā ārammaṇaṃ anuppādentāni viya ca pavattāni cutiāsannāni javanāni paṭisandhijanakāni bhaveyyuṃ. ‘‘Katattā upacitattā’’ti (dha. sa. 431) hi vuttaṃ. Tadā ca taṃsamānavīthiyaṃ viya pavattamānāni kathaṃ katūpacitāni siyuṃ? Tadā na assāditāni. Na ca lokiyāni lokuttarāni viya samānavīthiphalāni honti. ‘‘Pubbe vāssa taṃ kataṃ hoti pāpakammaṃ dukkhavedanīyaṃ, pacchā vāssa taṃ kataṃ hoti pāpakammaṃ dukkhavedanīyaṃ, maraṇakāle vāssa hoti micchādiṭṭhi samattā hoti samādinnā. Tena so kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjatī’’tiādinā (ma. ni. 3.303) sutte maraṇakāle samattāya samādinnāya micchādiṭṭhiyā, sammādiṭṭhiyā ca sahajātacetanāya paṭisandhidānaṃ vuttaṃ, na ca dubbalehi pañcadvārikajavanehi micchādiṭṭhi, sammādiṭṭhi <a name="M2.0301"></a> vā samattā hoti samādinnā. Tathā hi vuttaṃ <span class="bld">sammohavinodaniyaṃ</span> ‘‘sabbampi hetaṃ kusalākusaladhammapaṭivijānanādicavanapariyosānaṃ kiccaṃ manodvārikacitteneva hoti, na pañcadvārikenāti <a name="V2.0282"></a> sabbassapetassa kiccassa karaṇe sahajavanakāni vīthicittāni paṭikkhittānī’’ti (vibha. aṭṭha. 766).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha hi <span class="bld">na kiñci dhammaṃ paṭivijānātī</span>ti ‘‘manopubbaṅgamā dhammā’’ti (dha. pa. 1-2) evaṃ vuttaṃ ekampi kusalaṃ vā akusalaṃ vā na paṭivijānātīti ca vuttaṃ. Yesaṃ paṭivibhāvanappavattiyā sukhaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vā anveti, tesaṃ sā pavatti pañcadvāre paṭikkhittā. Kusalākusalakammasamādānañca tādisamevāti. Tadārammaṇānantaraṃ pana cavanaṃ, tadanantarā ca upapatti manodvārikā eva hoti, na sahajavanakavīthicittapariyāpannāti iminā adhippāyena idha pañcadvārikatadārammaṇānantarā cuti, tadanantarā paṭisandhi ca vuttāti daṭṭhabbā. Tattha avasesapañcacittakkhaṇāyuke rūpādimhi uppannaṃ paṭisandhiṃ sandhāya ‘‘paccuppannārammaṇaṃ upapatticittaṃ paccuppannārammaṇassa bhavaṅgassa anantarapaccayena paccayo’’ti, avasesaekacittakkhaṇāyuke ca uppannaṃ paṭisandhiṃ sandhāya ‘‘paccuppannārammaṇaṃ upapatticittaṃ atītārammaṇassa bhavaṅgassa anantarapaccayena paccayo’’ti ca vuttanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para624"></a><span class="paranum">624</span>. <span class="bld">Kaṇhapakkhe sukkapakkhaṃ ṭhapetvā</span>ti ettha yathā pubbe ‘‘pāpakammaṃ vā kammanimittaṃ vā’’ti vutte kaṇhapakkhe ‘‘anavajjakammaṃ vā kammanimittaṃ vā’’ti sukkapakkho vutto, evaṃ ‘‘duggatipariyāpannaṃ paṭisandhicittaṃ, narakādīsu aggijālavaṇṇādikaṃ duggatinimitta’’nti ca vutte kaṇhapakkhe ‘‘sugatipariyāpannaṃ paṭisandhicittaṃ, manussaloke rattakambalasadisamātukucchivaṇṇasaṅkhātaṃ, devaloke vā uyyānavimānakapparukkhādivaṇṇasaṅkhātaṃ sugatinimitta’’nti evaṃ sukkapakkhaṃ ṭhapetvā sesaṃ sabbaṃ purimanayeneva veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Atītapaccuppannārammaṇāyā</span>ti kammakammanimittavasena atītārammaṇāya, mātukucchivaṇṇādisugatinimittavasena paccuppannārammaṇāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para625"></a><span class="paranum">625</span>. <span class="bld">Tañca kho</span>ti yadetaṃ ‘‘anavajjakammaṃ vā kammanimittaṃ vā’’ti aniyamanaṃ kataṃ, tañca kho. <span class="bld">Kammanimittameva āpāthamāgacchati</span> ekantato <a name="M2.0302"></a> attano kammārammaṇatāya mahaggatavipākassa. <span class="bld">Suddhāya vā</span>ti mahaggatakammanimittārammaṇāya <span class="bld">javanavīthiyā,</span> tadārammaṇarahitāyāti attho, sā pana javanavīthi mahaggatavipākassa upacāro viya daṭṭhabbā. Keci pana tañca vīthiṃ mahaggatāvasānaṃ vadanti. <span class="bld">‘‘Navattabbārammaṇā vā’’</span>ti idaṃ rūpāvacarapaṭisandhiṃ, āruppesu <a name="V2.0283"></a> ca paṭhamaṃ, tatiyañca sandhāya vuttaṃ. Dutiyacatutthā pana atītārammaṇavacaneneva gahitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mātukucchivaṇṇasaṅkhāta</span>ntiādinā vaṇṇo eva gatinimittabhāvena āgato. Tattha saddo tāva anupādinnabhāvena sugatipariyāpannatāya gatinimittabhāvena aṭṭhakathāsu nāgatoti yuttametaṃ, gandhādīnaṃ pana anāgamane kāraṇaṃ vīmaṃsitabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ayaṃ tāta tavatthāya buddhapūjā karīyatī</span>tiādīsu pubbacetanāvasena puññaṃ hoti. Sabbantimajavane vattamānassāpīti vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para626"></a><span class="paranum">626</span>. <span class="bld">‘‘Etenānusārena āruppacutiyāpi anantarā paṭisandhi veditabbā’’</span>ti idaṃ kasmā vuttaṃ, nanu ‘‘pathavīkasiṇajjhānādivasena paṭiladdhamahaggatassa sugatiyaṃ ṭhitassā’’ti evamādike eva naye ayampi paṭisandhi avaruddhāti? Na, tattha rūpāvacaracutianantarāya eva paṭisandhiyā vuttattā. Tattha hi ‘‘pathavīkasiṇādikaṃ vā nimittaṃ mahaggatacittaṃ vā manodvāre āpāthaṃ āgacchati, cakkhusotānaṃ vā’’tiādinā tena vacanena rūpāvacaracutiyā eva anantarā paṭisandhi vuttāti viññāyati. Athāpi yathāsambhavayojanāya ayampi paṭisandhi tattheva avaruddhā, arūpāvacaracutianantarā pana rūpāvacarapaṭisandhi natthi. Arūpāvacare ca uparūpari cutiyā anantarā heṭṭhimā heṭṭhimā paṭisandhi natthīti catutthāruppacutiyā navattabbārammaṇapaṭisandhi natthi. Tena tato tattheva atītārammaṇā, kāmāvacare ca atītapaccuppannārammaṇā paṭisandhi. Itarāhi ca yathāsambhavaṃ atītanavattabbārammaṇā āruppapaṭisandhi, atītapaccuppannārammaṇā ca kāmāvacarapaṭisandhi yojetabbāti imassa visesassa dassanatthaṃ visuṃ uddharaṇaṃ kataṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para627"></a><span class="paranum">627</span>. Evaṃ ārammaṇavasena ekavidhāya kāmāvacarasugaticutiyā duvidhā duggatipaṭisandhi, duggaticutiyā duvidhā sugatipaṭisandhi, kāmāvacarasugaticutiyā dviekadvippakārānaṃ kāmarūpārūpānaṃ vasena pañcavidhā sugatipaṭisandhi<a name="M2.0303"></a>, rūpāvacaracutiyā tatheva pañcavidhā, duvidhāya āruppacutiyā paccekaṃ dvinnaṃ dvinnaṃ kāmāruppānaṃ vasena aṭṭhavidhā ca paṭisandhi <a name="V2.0284"></a> dassitā. Duggaticutiyā pana ekavidhāya duggatipaṭisandhi duvidhā na dassitā, taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘duggatiyaṃ ṭhitassa panā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Yathā vuttā pana –</p>
<p class="gatha1">Dve dve pañcātha pañcaṭṭha, dve bhavālambabhedato;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Cutiyā tādisāyetā, catuvīsati sandhiyo. (vibha. mūlaṭī. 227);</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para628"></a><span class="paranum">628</span>. ‘‘Kāmāvacarassa kusalassa kammassa katattā’’tiādinā (dha. sa. 431) nānākkhaṇikakammapaccayabhāvo heṭṭhā dassitappakāroti upanissayabhāvameva dassento <span class="bld">‘‘vuttañheta’’</span>ntiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nissayapaccayabhūtena rūpena sahapavattiyevettha viññāṇassa tena <span class="bld">missitā,</span> tadabhāvo <span class="bld">amissitā</span>. Yavanti ettha sattā ekajātisamanvayena aññamaññamissitā hontīti <span class="bld">yoniyo</span>. Sucaritaduccaritavasena gantabbā pāpuṇitabbāti <span class="bld">gatiyo</span>. Tiṭṭhati etthāti ṭhiti, viññāṇassa ṭhiti <span class="bld">viññāṇaṭṭhiti</span>. Nānattakāyanānattasaññītiādiāvāso eva sattehi āvasitabbato <span class="bld">sattāvāso</span>. Asaññasattāvāsassa idha asambhavato <span class="bld">‘‘sattāvāsavasena aṭṭhavidhaṃ hotī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para629"></a><span class="paranum">629</span>. <span class="bld">Aññatra jātipaṇḍakapaṭisandhiyā</span>ti ettha paṭhamakappikapaṭisandhiyāpīti vattabbaṃ. Sāpi hi bhāvena vināva uppajjatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Omato</span>ti avamato, avakaṃsatoti attho. <span class="bld">Ādinā</span>ti ‘‘missaṃ amissa’’nti etasmiṃ duke ādimhi vuttena missaviññāṇena. <span class="bld">Omato dve vā tayo vā dasakā uppajjantī</span>ti gabbhaseyyakānaṃ vasena vuttaṃ. Aññattha pana aneke kalāpā saha uppajjanti. Brahmattabhāvepi hi anekagāvutappamāṇena aneke kalāpā saha uppajjantīti tiṃsato adhikāneva rūpāni honti. Tadahujātaeḷakassa lomaṃ <span class="bld">jātiuṇṇā</span>ti keci. Himavantappadese jātimantaeḷakalomaṃ <span class="bld">jātiuṇṇā</span>ti apare. Gabbhaṃ phāletvā gahitaeḷakalomaṃ <span class="bld">jātiuṇṇā</span>ti aññe. Imāsu gatīsu imā yoniyo sambhavanti, imāsu na sambhavantīti evaṃ <span class="bld">yonīnaṃ gativasena sambhavabhedo</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para630"></a><span class="paranum">630</span>. <span class="bld">Bhummavajjesū</span>ti <a name="M2.0304"></a> bhummadevānaṃ vajjanaṃ yonivibhāgaṃ pati tesaṃ manussasadisattā. <span class="bld">Yoniyo</span> <a name="V2.0285"></a> <span class="bld">tisso purimikā na hontī</span>ti yonittayapaṭikkhepena pacchimā yoni anuññātāti atthato āpannameva hoti. <span class="bld">Gatittaye</span>ti manussapetatiracchānasaññite gatittaye. Tañhi ettha pubbe anāmaṭṭhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ca-saddo avuttasamuccayatthoti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ca-saddenā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Kasmā pana nijjhāmataṇhikapetesu purimikā tisso yoniyo na santīti? Asambhavato. Tāsañhi niccāturabhāvato kāmasevā natthīti na tā aṇḍajādayo honti. Kucchiyaṃ tāsaṃ gabbho nāvatiṭṭhati jālasabbhāvatoti keci. Aggijālāya santappamānasarīrā etā nibbattantīti allaṭṭhānesu, pupphādīsu ca sambhavābhāvato saṃsedajatāpi tāsaṃ natthevāti vadanti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘opapātikā eva hi te hontī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rūpībrahmesu tāva opapātikayonikesū</span>ti opapātikayonikehi rūpībrahme niddhāreti. <span class="bld">Rūpībrahmesū</span>ti hi adhikaraṇe bhummaṃ, opapātikesūti niddhāraṇe. Tena ‘‘opapātikayonikesū’’ti sāmaññato vuttarāsito ‘‘rūpībrahmesū’’ti visesena tadekadesaṃ niddhāreti. <span class="bld">Cakkhusotavatthudasakānaṃ, jīvitanavakassa cā</span>ti ettha keci ‘‘cakkhusotavatthusattakānaṃ, jīvitachakkassa cāti catunnaṃ kalāpānaṃ vasena rūpabhave paṭisandhiviññāṇena saha sattavīsati rūpāni uppajjanti, tattha gandharasāhārānaṃ paṭikkhittattā’’ti kāraṇaṃ vatvā taṃ samatthentā ‘‘pāḷiyañhi ‘rūpadhātuyā upapattikkhaṇe ṭhapetvā aññasattānaṃ devānaṃ pañcāyatanāni pātubhavanti, pañca dhātuyo pātubhavantī’ti (vibha. 1015-1016) vuttaṃ, tathā ‘rūpadhātuyā cha āyatanāni, nava dhātuyo’ti sabbasaṅgahakavasena tattha vijjamānāyatanadhātuyo dassetuṃ vuttaṃ. Kathāvatthumhi ca ghānāyatanādīnaṃ viya gandhāyatanādīnañca tattha bhāvo paṭikkhitto ‘atthi tattha ghānāyatananti? Āmantā. Atthi tattha gandhāyatananti? Na hevaṃ vattabbe’tiādinā (kathā. 520). Na ca aphoṭṭhabbāyatanānaṃ pathavīdhātuādīnaṃ viya agandharasāyatanānaṃ gandharasānaṃ tattha bhāvo sakkā vattuṃ, phusituṃ sakkuṇeyyatāvinimuttassa pathavīādisabhāvassa viya gandharasāyatanabhāvavinimuttassa gandharasasabhāvassa <a name="M2.0305"></a> abhāvā. Yadi ca ghānasamphassādīnaṃ kāraṇabhāvo natthīti ‘āyatanānī’ti te na vucceyyuṃ, dhātusaddo pana nissattanijjīvavācakoti ‘gandhadhātu rasadhātū’ti avacane kāraṇaṃ natthi, dhammabhāvo ca tesaṃ ekantena icchitabbo sabhāvadhāraṇādilakkhaṇato aññassa abhāvā. Dhammānañca āyatanabhāvo ekantiko <a name="V2.0286"></a> <span class="bld">yamake</span> vutto ‘dhammo āyatananti? Āmantā’ti (yama. 1.āyatanayamaka.13). Tasmā tesaṃ gandharasāyatanabhāvābhāvepi koci āyatanabhāvo vattabbo. Yadi ca phoṭṭhabbabhāvato añño pathavīādibhāvo viya gandharasabhāvato añño tesaṃ koci sabhāvo siyā, tesaṃ dhammāyatanasaṅgaho. Gandharasabhāve pana āyatanabhāve ca sati ‘gandho ca so āyatanañca gandhāyatanaṃ, raso ca so āyatanañca rasāyatana’nti idamāpannamevāti gandharasāyatanabhāvo ca na sakkā nivāretuṃ. ‘Tayo āhārā’ti ca vacanato kabaḷīkārāhārassa tattha abhāvo viññāyati. Tasmā yathā pāḷiyā avirodho hoti, tathā rūpagaṇanā kātabbā. Evañhi dhammatā na vilomitā hotī’’ti vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha vuccate – rūpāvacarasattānaṃ ghānajivhāyatanābhāvato vijjamānāpi gandharasā āyatanakiccaṃ na karontīti te anāmasitvā pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘pañcāyatanāni pātubhavantī’’ti (vibha. 1015), ‘‘cha āyatanānī’’ti (vibha. 992) ca ādi vuttaṃ, ‘‘tayo āhārā’’ti ca ajjhoharitabbassa āhārassa abhāvena ojaṭṭhamakarūpasamuṭṭhāpanasaṅkhātassa āhārakiccassa akaraṇato, na sabbena sabbaṃ gandharasānaṃ, ojāya ca abhāvato. Iti visayino, kiccassa ca abhāvena visayo, kiccavā ca dhammo na vutto. Yasmiñhi bhave visayī natthi, tasmiṃ taṃhetuko nippariyāyena visayassa āyatanabhāvo natthīti vijjamānassāpi avacanaṃ yathā tattheva rūpabhave pathavītejovāyodhātūnaṃ phoṭṭhabbāyatanabhāvena. Yassa pana yattha vacanaṃ, tassa tattha visayīsabbhāvahetuko nippariyāyena āyatanabhāvo vutto yathā tattheva rūpāyatanassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadi visayīsabbhāvahetuko visayassa nippariyāyena āyatanabhāvo, kathamasaññasattānaṃ dve āyatanāni pātubhavantīti, asaññasattānañhi <a name="M2.0306"></a> cakkhāyatanaṃ natthi, acakkhāyatanabhāvena ca nesaṃ rūpāyatanaṃ aññesaṃ avisayoti? Nāyaṃ virodho. Yena adhippāyena rūpadhātuyaṃ saññīnaṃ gandhāyatanādīnaṃ avacanaṃ, tena rūpāyatanassāpi avacananti asaññīnaṃ ekaṃ āyatanaṃ vattabbaṃ. Yathāsakañhi indriyagocarabhāvāpekkhāya yesaṃ nippariyāyena āyatanabhāvo atthi, tesu niddisiyamānesu tadabhāvato rūpadhātuyaṃ saññīnaṃ gandhādike visuṃ āyatanabhāvena avatvā dhammasabhāvānativattanato, manoviññāṇassa ca visayabhāvūpagamanato dhammāyatanantogadhe katvā <a name="V2.0287"></a> ‘‘pañcāyatanānī’’ti <span class="bld">pāḷiyaṃ</span> (vibha. 1015) vuttaṃ. Etadatthañhi ‘‘dhammāyatana’’nti sāmaññato nāmakaraṇaṃ, piṭṭhivaṭṭakāni vā tāni katvā ‘‘pañcāyatanānī’’ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yena ca pana adhippāyena asaññīnaṃ rūpāyatanaṃ vuttaṃ, tena saññīnampi gandhādīnaṃ visuṃ gahaṇaṃ kātabbanti imassa nayassa dassanatthaṃ ‘‘asaññasattānaṃ devānaṃ dve āyatanāni pātubhavantī’’ti (vibha. 1017) vuttaṃ. Asatipi hi tattha attano indriye rūpassa vaṇṇāyatanasabhāvātikkamo natthevāti taṃ rūpāyatanantveva vuccati. Iminā ca nayadassanena gandhādīni tīṇi pakkhipitvā saññīnaṃ aṭṭha āyatanāni, asaññīnaṃ pañcāti ayamattho dassito hoti. Evañcetaṃ sampaṭicchitabbaṃ, aññathā rūpaloke phusituṃ asakkuṇeyyatāya pathavīādīnaṃ brahmānaṃ vacīghoso eva na siyā. Na hi paṭighaṭṭanānighaṃsamantarena saddappavatti atthi, na ca phusanasabhāvānaṃ katthaci aphusanabhāvatā sakkā viññātuṃ, phoṭṭhabbāyatanasaṅkhātassa ca bhūtattayassa abhāve rūpabhave rūpāyatanādīnampi sambhavo eva na siyā. Tasmā phusituṃ sakkuṇeyyatāyapi pathavīādīnaṃ tattha kāyindriyābhāvena tesaṃ phoṭṭhabbabhāvo na vutto. Evañca katvā rūpadhātuyaṃ tesaṃ sappaṭighavacanañca samatthitaṃ hoti. Vuttañhi ‘‘asaññasattānaṃ anidassanasappaṭighaṃ ekaṃ mahābhūtaṃ paṭicca dve mahābhūtā’’tiādi (paṭṭhā. 2.22.20).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paṭigho ca nāma bhūtattayassa kāyappasādaṃ pati tannissayabhūtaghaṭṭanādvārena abhimukhabhāvo, idha pana taṃsabhāvatā. So ca phusituṃ asakkuṇeyyasabhāvassa ghaṭṭanāya abhāvato natthi. Yadi tattha asatipi visayini rūpāyatanaṃ gahetvā ‘‘dve āyatanānī’’ti vuttaṃ, atha kasmā <a name="M2.0307"></a> gandhāyatanādīni gahetvā ‘‘pañcāyatanānī’’ti na vuttanti? Nayadassanavasena desanā pavattāti vuttovāyamattho. Atha vā tattha rūpāyatanasseva vacanaṃ kadāci aññabhūmikānaṃ pasādassa visayabhāvaṃ sandhāya, na pana itaresaṃ abhāvato, nāpi pariyāyenapi āyatanabhāvābhāvato. Asaññīnañhi rūpāyatanaṃ samānatalavāsīnaṃ vehapphalānaṃ, uparibhūmikānañca suddhāvāsānaṃ pasādassa visayabhāvaṃ gacchati, na pana gandharasāti tesaṃyeva tattha avacanaṃ yuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Kathāvatthumhi</span> ca nippariyāyena gandhāyatanādīnaṃ atthibhāvaṃ paṭijānantaṃ sandhāya paṭisedho kato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadipi <a name="V2.0288"></a> cetaṃ vacanaṃ tattha gandhāyatanādīnaṃ abhāvavibhāvanaṃ na hoti, atthibhāvadīpanampi pana aññavacanaṃ natthevāti? Nayidamevaṃ, aṭṭhakathāsu tattha nesaṃ atthibhāvassa niddhāretvā vuttattā. Yañhi aṭṭhakathāvacanaṃ pāḷiyā na virujjhati, taṃ pāḷi viya pamāṇabhūtaṃ agarahitāya ācariyaparamparāya yāvajjatanā āgatattā. Tattha siyā – yaṃ pāḷiyā na virujjhati aṭṭhakathāvacanaṃ, taṃ pamāṇaṃ, idaṃ pana virujjhatīti? Nayidamevaṃ, yathā na virujjhati, tathā paṭipāditattā. Cakkhādīnaṃ āyatanānaṃ, tannissayānañca viññāṇānaṃ sattasuññatāsandassanatthaṃ bhagavato dhātudesanāti āyatanabhāvena vuttānaṃyeva dhātubhāvadīpanato dhātubhāvassāpi tesaṃ avacanaṃ yujjati eva. Tasmā yathā pāḷiyā avirodho hoti, tathā cakkhudasakādivasena idha rūpagaṇanā katāti na ettha dhammatāvilomanāsaṅkāya okāsoti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aññesu saṃsedajaopapātikayonikesū</span>ti rūpībrahme pana ṭhapetvā aññesu opapātikesu, saṃsedajesu cāti evamettha sambandho veditabbo. Opapātikavisesanañhettha aññaggahaṇaṃ, na saṃsedajavisesanaṃ asambhavato. Sati hi sambhave, byabhicāre ca visesanavisesitabbatā hoti. Kāmāvacaradevesu sabbakālaṃ paṭisandhipavattīsu yathāvuttāya santatiyā rūpānaṃ labbhanato vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tāni ca niccaṃ devesū’’</span>ti. Na hi te kadācipi vikalindriyā, abhāvakā ca hontīti. Cakkhu nesaṃ dasannaṃ pūraṇoti katvā <span class="bld">cakkhudasako</span> nāma, asādhāraṇena vā cakkhunā lakkhito dasako <span class="bld">cakkhudasako. Evaṃ sesā</span>ti yathā cakkhudasako vutto, evaṃ sesāpi dasakā yojetvā veditabbā. ‘‘Saṃsedajūpapātayonīsu<a name="M2.0308"></a>, avakaṃsato tiṃsā’’ti saṅkhepena vuttamatthaṃ vivaranto <span class="bld">‘‘avakaṃsato panā’’</span>tiādimāha, taṃ panetaṃ pāḷiyā na sameti. Na hi pāḷiyaṃ kāmāvacarānaṃ saṃsedajopapātikānaṃ aghānakānaṃ upapatti vuttā. <span class="bld">Dhammahadayavibhaṅge</span> hi ‘‘kāmadhātuyā upapattikkhaṇe kassaci ekādasāyatanāni pātubhavanti, kassaci dasāyatanāni, kassaci aparāni dasāyatanāni, kassaci navāyatanāni, kassaci sattāyatanāni pātubhavantī’’ti vuttaṃ, na vuttaṃ ‘‘aṭṭhāyatanāni pātubhavantī’’ti (vibha. 1007). Yadi hi aghānakassāpi upapatti siyā, tikkhattuṃ ‘‘dasāyatanāni pātubhavantī’’ti vattabbaṃ siyā, tikkhattuñca ‘‘navāyatanāni pātubhavantī’’ti, na ca taṃ vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">upapattikkhaṇe</span>ti paṭisandhikkhaṇe. <span class="bld">Ekādasā</span>ti paripuṇṇāyatanassa saddāyatanavajjāni ekādasa āyatanāni. <span class="bld">Kassaci dasāyatanānī</span>ti andhassa cakkhāyatanavajjāni. <span class="bld">Aparāni dasāyatanānī</span>ti <a name="V2.0289"></a> badhirassa sotāyatanavajjāni. <span class="bld">Navāyatanānī</span>ti andhabadhirassa cakkhusotāyatanavajjāni. <span class="bld">Sattāyatanānī</span>ti gabbhaseyyakassa rūpagandharasakāyaphoṭṭhabbamanodhammāyatanavasena vuttaṃ. Yadi cakkhusotaghānavikalopi uppajjeyya, tassa aṭṭhevāyatanāni siyuṃ, na ca vuttaṃ ‘‘aṭṭhāyatanāni pātubhavantī’’ti. Tasmā nattheva cakkhusotaghānavikalo. Sati ca aghānakūpapattiyaṃ punapi ‘‘kassaci aparānipi dasāyatanāni pātubhavantī’’ti vattabbaṃ siyā. Tathā ca sati yathā andhabadhirassa vasena ‘‘kassaci navāyatanāni pātubhavantī’’ti ekavāraṃ vuttaṃ, evaṃ andhāghānakassa, badhirāghānakassa ca vasena ‘‘kassaci aparāni navāyatanāni, kassaci aparānipi navāyatanāni pātubhavantī’’ti vattabbaṃ siyāti attho. Evaṃ dhātupātubhāvādipañhānipi vattabbānīti vadanti. Ettha ca yathā ‘‘sattati ukkaṃsatotha rūpānī’’ti padaṃ ‘‘saṃsedajūpapātayonīsū’’ti ettha yonidvayavasena yojīyati, na evaṃ ‘‘avakaṃsato tiṃsā’’ti idaṃ. Idaṃ pana saṃsedajayonivaseneva yojetabbaṃ. Ekayoganiddiṭṭhassāpi ekadeso sambandhaṃ labhatīti saṃsedajassa jaccandhabadhiraaghānakanapuṃsakassa jivhākāyavatthudasakānaṃ vasena tiṃsa rūpāni uppajjantīti vuttaṃ, na opapātikassāti ayamettha aṭṭhakathāyamadhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ye <a name="M2.0309"></a> pana ‘‘opapātikassa jaccandhabadhiraaghānakanapuṃsakassa jivhākāyavatthudasakānaṃ vasena tiṃsa rūpāni uppajjantīti mahāaṭṭhakathāyaṃ vutta’’nti vadanti, taṃ na gahetabbaṃ. So hi pamādapāṭho. Evañca katvā <span class="bld">āyatanayamakavaṇṇanāyaṃ</span> ‘‘kāmadhātuyaṃ pana aghānako opapātiko natthi. Yadi bhaveyya, ‘kassaci aṭṭhāyatanāni pātubhavantī’ti vadeyyā’’ti (yama. aṭṭha. āyatanayamaka 18-21) vuttaṃ. Apare panāhu ‘‘kassaci ekādasāyatanāni pātubhavantīti yāva ‘kassaci navāyatanānī’ti pāḷi opapātike sandhāya vuttā. Tasmā pubbenāparaṃ aṭṭhakathāyaṃ avirodho siddho. Tathā ca yathāvuttapāḷiyā ayamatthavaṇṇanā aññadatthu saṃsandati sametiyevā’’ti. Yaṃ paneke vadanti ‘‘opapātikaggahaṇena saṃsedajāpi saṅgayhanti. Tathā hi <span class="bld">dhammahadayavibhaṅge</span> ‘kāmadhātuyā upapattikkhaṇe kassaci ekādasāyatanāni pātubhavantī’tiādīnaṃ (vibha. 1007) <span class="bld">niddese</span> ‘opapātikānaṃ petāna’ntiādinā (vibha. 1009) opapātikaggahaṇameva kataṃ, na saṃsedajaggahaṇa’’nti, taṃ paripuṇṇāyatanānaṃyeva saṃsedajānaṃ opapātikesu saṅgahaṇavasena vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Tathā hi vuttaṃ <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> ‘‘saṃsedajayonikā paripuṇṇāyatanāparipuṇṇāyatanabhāvena opapātikasaṅgahaṃ katvā vuttā’’ti, padhānāya <a name="V2.0290"></a> vā yoniyā sabbaṃ paripuṇṇāyatanayoniṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘opapātikānanti vutta’’nti ca, idha pana yonidvayaṃ sarūpeneva pakāsetuṃ, saṃsedajayonivaseneva ca avakaṃsato rūpapavattiṃ dassetuṃ opapātikayoniyā itaraṃ asaṅgahetvā ‘‘saṃsedajūpapātayonīsū’’ti vuttaṃ. Taṃ sabbaṃ vīmaṃsitvā gahetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ukkaṃsāvakaṃsānaṃ pana antare</span>ti ‘‘sattati, tiṃsā’’ti evaṃ vuttānaṃ rūpassa ukkaṃsāvakaṃsaparicchedānaṃ majjhe. <span class="bld">Anurūpato vikappo veditabbo</span>ti apāyesu andhassa cha cakkhudasakābhāvato, tathā badhirassa sotadasakābhāvato, andhabadhirassa pana pañca cakkhusotadasakābhāvatoti evamādinā nayena veditabbo. Yaṃ panettha vattabbaṃ, taṃ vuttamevāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para631"></a><span class="paranum">631</span>. Cutipaṭisandhīnaṃ khandhādīhi aññamaññasamānatā <span class="bld">abhedo</span>. Asamānatā <span class="bld">bhedo</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ārammaṇatopi</span> <a name="M2.0310"></a> <span class="bld">abhinnā</span>ti catūsu āruppesu tato tato cavitvā tattha tattheva upapajjantassa vasena vuttaṃ. Tatheva pana heṭṭhā, rūpabhave vā upapatti natthi. Arūpabhūmito cavitvā heṭṭhā upapatti nāma kāmabhave eva, tatthāpi tihetukapaṭisandhi eva. Rūpabhavato pana cuto duhetukopi hotīti vadanti. <span class="bld">Amahaggatabahiddhārammaṇāya</span> cutiyā anantarā <span class="bld">mahaggataajjhattārammaṇā</span> dutiyacatutthāruppapaṭisandhi. Evaṃ nayamattassa dassitattā vuttaṃ, avuttañca sabbaṃ saṅgahetvā āha <span class="bld">‘‘ayaṃ tāva arūpabhūmīsuyeva nayo’’</span>ti. Rūpārūpāvacarānaṃ upacārassa balavatāya tato cavitvā duggatiyaṃ upapatti natthīti <span class="bld">‘‘ekaccasugaticutiyā’’</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Ekaccaduggatipaṭisandhī</span>ti ettha ekaccaggahaṇassa payojanaṃ maggitabbaṃ. Ayaṃ panettha adhippāyo siyā – nānattakāyanānattasaññīsu vuttā ekacce ca vinipātikā tihetukādipaṭisandhikā, tesaṃ paṭisandhiṃ vinipātikabhāvena ‘‘duggatipaṭisandhī’’ti gahetvā sabbasugaticutiyā ca sā paṭisandhi hoti, na ekaccasugaticutiyā evāti tannivattanatthaṃ ekaccaduggatiggahaṇaṃ kataṃ. Apāyapaṭisandhi eva hi ekaccasugaticutiyā hoti, na sabbasugaticutiyāti. Atha vā duggatipaṭisandhi duvidhā ekaccasugaticutiyā anantarā, duggaticutiyā cāti. Tattha pacchimaṃ vajjetvā purimaṃyeva gahetuṃ vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ekaccaduggatipaṭisandhī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ahetukacutiyā sahetukapaṭisandhī</span>ti duhetukā ca tihetukā ca yojetabbā. Maṇḍūkadevaputtādīnaṃ viya hi ahetukacutiyā tihetukapaṭisandhipi hotīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tassa</span> <a name="V2.0291"></a> <span class="bld">tassa viparītato ca yathāyogaṃ yojetabba</span>nti ‘‘ekaccasugaticutiyā ekaccaduggatipaṭisandhī’’tiādīsu bhedavisesesu ‘‘ekaccaduggaticutiyā ekaccaduggatipaṭisandhī’’tiādinā yaṃ yaṃ yujjati, taṃ taṃ yojetabbanti attho. Yujjamānamattāpekkhanavasena napuṃsakaniddeso kato. <span class="bld">Yojetabba</span>nti vā bhāvatthatā daṭṭhabbā. ‘‘Amahaggatabahiddhārammaṇāya mahaggataajjhattārammaṇā’’tiādīsu pana viparītayojanā na kātabbā. Na hi mahaggataajjhattārammaṇāya cutiyā arūpabhūmīsu amahaggatabahiddhārammaṇā paṭisandhi atthi. ‘‘Catukkhandhāya āruppacutiyā anantarā pañcakkhandhā kāmāvacarapaṭisandhī’’ti etassa vipariyāyo sayameva yojito. ‘‘Atītārammaṇāya cutiyā paccuppannārammaṇā paṭisandhī’’ti <a name="M2.0311"></a> etassa ca vipariyāyo natthi eva. Bhedaviseso eva ca evaṃ vitthārena dassito, abhedaviseso pana ekekasmiṃ bhede tattha tattheva cutipaṭisandhiyojanāvasena veditabbo ‘‘pañcakkhandhāya kāmāvacaracutiyā pañcakkhandhā kāmāvacarā…pe… avitakkaavicārāya avitakkāvicārā’’ti. Catukkhandhāya pana catukkhandhā sayameva yojitā. Eteneva nayena sakkā viññātunti pañcakkhandhādīsu abhedaviseso na dassitoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para632"></a><span class="paranum">632</span>. <span class="bld">Itī</span>ti evaṃ vuttappakārena. Etaṃ viññāṇaṃ avijjādisahakārikāraṇasahitassa saṅkhārassa vasena <span class="bld">laddhappaccayaṃ</span>. Bāhirakakappitassa adhipatiṭṭhanakassa abhāvato <span class="bld">rūpārūpadhammamattaṃ</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘na satto na jīvo’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Upetīti vuccati</span> tathāvohāramattaṃ, atthato pana paccayasāmaggiyā bhavantarabhāvena uppajjanamattanti adhippāyo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tassa cā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Tato hetuṃ vinā</span>ti tattha hetuṃ vinā. <span class="bld">Manussacutipaṭisandhikkamenā</span>ti manussacutito manussapaṭisandhikkamena. Evañhi pākaṭaggahaṇaṃ ubhayavisesanaṃ hoti. Pākaṭatā cettha tadāsannakkhandhavasena veditabbā ‘‘cavamāne upapajjamāne’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 1.247) viya. <span class="bld">Manussacutipaṭisandhikkamenā</span>ti vā manussacutito yassa kassaci paṭisandhikkamena. Tathā hi vakkhati ‘‘nissayaṃ assādayamānaṃ vā anāssādayamānaṃ vā’’ti (visuddhi. 2.632).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sarasenā</span>ti sabhāvena, parikkhīṇāyusaṅkhāratāyāti attho. <span class="bld">Upakkamenā</span>ti attanā, parena vā katena sīsacchedanādiupakkamena. Sabbesaṃ aṅgapaccaṅgasandhīnaṃ bandhanāni <span class="bld">sabbaṅgapaccaṅgasandhibandhanāni,</span> tesaṃ <span class="bld">chedakānaṃ. Sannipāta</span>nti patanaṃ pavatti. Hadayappadesopi anukkamena <a name="V2.0292"></a> sussitvā appāvaseso hoti, pageva kāyoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kamena upasussamāne sarīre’’</span>ti. Tenevāha ‘‘taṅkhaṇāvasesahadayavatthusannissita’’nti. <span class="bld">‘‘Niruddhesu cakkhādīsū’’</span>ti idaṃ gabbhaseyyakānaṃ āyatanānaṃ anupubbuppatti viya nirodhopi anupubbato hotīti adhippāyena vuttaṃ, atimandabhāvūpagamanataṃ vā sandhāya <span class="bld">‘‘niruddhesū’’</span>ti vuttaṃ, na anavasesanirodhaṃ. Pañcadvārikaviññāṇānantarampi hi pubbe cuti dassitā. <span class="bld">Yamake</span> ca ‘‘yassa cakkhāyatanaṃ nirujjhati, tassa manāyatanaṃ nirujjhatīti? Āmantā. Yassa <a name="M2.0312"></a> vā pana manāyatanaṃ nirujjhati, tassa cakkhāyatanaṃ nirujjhatīti? Sacittakānaṃ acakkhukānaṃ cavantānaṃ tesaṃ manāyatanaṃ nirujjhati, no ca tesaṃ cakkhāyatanaṃ nirujjhati. Sacakkhukānaṃ cavantānaṃ tesaṃ manāyatanañca nirujjhati, cakkhāyatanañca nirujjhatī’’tiādinā (yama. 1.āyatanayamaka.120) cakkhāyatanādīnaṃ cuticittena saha nirodho vuttoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Hadayavatthumatte</span>ti hadayavatthupadesamatte. Na hi hadayavatthuṃ nissāya kāyindriyaṃ pavattati. Hadayavatthupi tadā ātape pakkhittaharitatālapaṇṇaṃ viya appāvasesaṃ hotīti <span class="bld">‘‘taṅkhaṇāvasesahadayavatthusannissita’’</span>nti vuttanti vadanti. Itaravatthūnaṃ pana sakiccāsamatthatāya kevalaṃ hadayavatthusannissitameva, tadā viññāṇaṃ hotīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘taṅkhaṇāvasesahadayavatthusannissita’’</span>nti. Mātughātādi, mahaggatamaññaṃ vā tādisaṃ <span class="bld">garukaṃ</span> nāma. <span class="bld">Samāsevitaṃ</span> abhiṇhaso kataṃ. <span class="bld">Āsannaṃ</span> maraṇakāle kataṃ, yadā tadā vā katampi paribyattaṃ hutvā anussaritaṃ. <span class="bld">Pubbakataṃ</span> aparāpariyāyavedanīyaṃ. Laddho avaseso avijjādiko viññāṇassa paccayo etenāti <span class="bld">laddhāvasesapaccayo,</span> saṅkhāro. Etena vipaccituṃ katokāsaṃ yathūpacitaṃ kusalākusalacetanamāha. <span class="bld">Kammanimittaṃ</span> nāma yaṃ vatthuṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā āyūhanakāle kammaṃ āyūhati, taṃ. Atīte kappakoṭisatasahassamatthakepi hi kamme kate vipaccanakāle āgantvā kammaṃ vā kammanimittaṃ vā upatiṭṭhati. <span class="bld">Gatinimittaṃ</span> nāma nibbattanakaokāse eko vaṇṇo. So ca niraye nibbattanārahassa ‘‘aggijālavaṇṇādiko’’tiādinā heṭṭhā vuttoyeva. <span class="bld">Avijjāpaṭicchāditādīnave tasmiṃ</span> kammādivisaye paṭisandhiviññāṇassa ārammaṇabhāvena uppattiṭṭhānabhūte.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Taṇhāya appahīnattā eva, purimuppannāya ca santatiyā tathāpariṇatattā paṭisandhiṭṭhānābhimukhaṃ viññāṇaṃ ninnapoṇapabbhāraṃ hutvā pavattatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘taṇhā nāmetī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sahajātasaṅkhārā</span>ti <a name="V2.0293"></a> cutiāsannajavanaviññāṇasahajātā cetanā, sabbepi vā phassādayo. Tasmiṃ paṭisandhiṭṭhāne kammādivisaye viññāṇaṃ <span class="bld">khipanti</span>. Khipantā viya tasmiṃ visaye paṭisandhivasena viññāṇapatiṭṭhānassa hetubhāvena pavattantīti attho. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti taṃ viññāṇaṃ. Cutipaṭisandhitadāsannaviññāṇānaṃ <span class="bld">santativasena</span> viññāṇanti upanītekattaṃ<a name="M2.0313"></a>. <span class="bld">Taṇhāya nāmiyamānaṃ…pe… pavattatī</span>ti namanakhipanapurimanissayajahanaaparanissayassādananissayarahitapavattanāni santativasena tassevekassa viññāṇassa honti, na aññassāti dasseti. <span class="bld">Santativasenā</span>ti ca vadanto ‘‘tadevidaṃ viññāṇaṃ sandhāvati saṃsarati anañña’’nti (ma. ni. 1.396) imañca micchāgāhaṃ paṭikkhipati. Sati hi nānattanaye santativasena ekattanayo hotīti. Ettha ca orimatīrarukkhavinibaddharajju viya purimabhavattabhāvavinibaddhaṃ kammādiārammaṇaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ, puriso viya viññāṇaṃ, tassa mātikātikkamanicchā viya taṇhā, atikkamanapayogo viya khipanakasaṅkhārā, yathā ca so puriso paratīre patiṭṭhahamāno paratīrarukkhavinibaddhaṃ kiñci assādayamāno vā anassādayamāno vā kevalaṃ pathaviyaṃ sakabalapayogeheva patiṭṭhāti, evamidampi bhavantarattabhāvavinibaddhaṃ hadayavatthusaṅkhātaṃ nissayaṃ pañcavokārabhave assādayamānaṃ, catuvokārabhave anassādayamānaṃ vā kevalaṃ ārammaṇasampayuttakammeheva pavattati. Tattha <span class="bld">assādayamāna</span>nti pāpuṇantaṃ, paṭilabhamānanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhavantarādipaṭisandhānato</span>ti bhavantarassa aññabhavassa ādipaṭisandhānabhāvato. Bhavantarādayo vā bhavayonigativiññāṇaṭṭhitisattāvāsantarāni, tesaṃ paṭisandhānatoti attho. Tadetaṃ viññāṇaṃ nāpi idhāgataṃ imasmiṃyeva bhave uppannattā. <span class="bld">Kamma</span>nti paṭisandhijanakaṃ kammaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṅkhārā</span>ti cutiāsannajavanaviññāṇasahagatā khipanakasaṅkhārā. <span class="bld">Natī</span>ti namanavasena pavattataṇhā. <span class="bld">Visayo</span> kammādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para633"></a><span class="paranum">633</span>. Saddapaṭighosādīnaṃ satipi paccayapaccayuppannabhāve santānabandho na pākaṭoti tesaṃ ekattanānattabhāvaṃ anāmasitvā anāgamanātītahetusamuppādameva dassento <span class="bld">‘‘ettha cā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Saddādihetukā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">paṭighoso</span> saddahetuko. <span class="bld">Padīpo</span> padīpantarādihetuko. <span class="bld">Muddā</span> lañchanahetukā. <span class="bld">Chāyā</span> ādāsādiabhimukhamukhādihetukā. <span class="bld">Honti aññatra agantvā</span>ti saddādipaccayadesaṃ anupagantvā saddādihetukā honti tato pubbe abhāvā. Evaṃ idampi paṭisandhiviññāṇaṃ na hetudesaṃ gantvā taṃhetukaṃ hoti tato pubbe abhāvā. Tasmā na idaṃ hetudesato <a name="V2.0294"></a> purimabhavato idhāgataṃ paṭighosādayo viya saddādidesato, nāpi tattha hetunā vinā uppannaṃ saddādīhi vinā <a name="M2.0314"></a> paṭighosādayo viyāti attho. Atha vā <span class="bld">honti aññatra agantvā</span>ti pubbe paccayadese sannihitā hutvā tato aññatra gantvā tappaccayā na honti uppattito pubbe abhāvā, nāpi saddādipaccayā na honti, evaṃ idampīti vuttanayeneva yojetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Natthi ekatā</span> ekasantānekattepi aññasseva viññāṇassa pātubhavanato. <span class="bld">Nāpi nānatā</span> santānabandhato padīpo viya. Khaṇikāya hi padīpajālāya santānekattaṃ upādāya so evāti vuccati, atthakiccañca sādheti, evamidhāpi daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Yadi hī’’</span>tiādinā santānabandhe ekantaṃ ekatāya, nānatāya ca aggahetabbataṃ, gahaṇe ca dosaṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Esa nayo</span>ti atidesena bījaṅkurādīsu sabbahetuhetusamuppannesu yathāsambhavaṃ yojanā kātabbāti dasseti. Idhāpi hi hetuhetusamuppannaviññāṇānaṃ ekantamekatte sati na manussagatito devagati sambhūtā siyā. Ekantanānatte na kammavato phalaṃ siyā, tato ‘‘rattassa bījaṃ rattassa phala’’ntiādikassa viya ‘‘bhūtapubbāhaṃ, bhante, rohitasso nāma isi ahosi’’ntiādikassa (saṃ. ni. 1.107) vohārassa lopo siyā, tasmā ettha santānabandhesu hetuhetusamuppannesu na ekantamekatā vā nānatā vā upagantabbā na gahetabbā. Ettha ca ekantaekatāpaṭisedhena ‘‘sayaṃkataṃ sukhaṃ dukkha’’nti (vibha. mūlaṭī. 227) imaṃ diṭṭhiṃ nivāreti, ekantanānatāpaṭisedhena ‘‘paraṃkataṃ sukhaṃ dukkha’’nti (vibha. mūlaṭī. 227), hetuhetusamuppannatāvacanena ‘‘adhiccasamuppanna’’nti (vibha. mūlaṭī. 227) imaṃ diṭṭhiṃ nivāreti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para634"></a><span class="paranum">634</span>. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti phaluppattiṭṭhāne. <span class="bld">Aññassā</span>ti yena taṃ kammaṃ kataṃ, tato aññassa. <span class="bld">Aññato</span>ti yaṃ taṃ kammaṃ nibbattitaṃ, tato aññato. ‘‘Dhammamattaṃ bhavantaramupetī’’ti (visuddhi. 2.632; vibha. aṭṭha. 227; mahāni. aṭṭha. 27; paṭi. ma. aṭṭha. 1.1.105) vuttattā phalassa <span class="bld">upabhuñjake ca asati kassa taṃ phalaṃ siyā</span>ti anuyuñjeti. <span class="bld">Tatrā</span>ti tasmiṃ yathāvutte anuyoge.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti ekasantāne. Yasmiṃ dhammapuñje kammaṃ nibbattaṃ, tasseva santāneti attho. <span class="bld">Etassa atthassā</span>ti hetuphalānaṃ atthato aññattepi teneva <a name="M2.0315"></a> hetuphalabhāvena sambandhattā taṃ phalaṃ ‘‘aññassa, aññato’’ti vā na vattabbanti etassa atthassa. Catumadhuraalattakarasādibhāvanā ambamātuluṅgādibījānaṃ <a name="V2.0295"></a> <span class="bld">abhisaṅkhāro</span>. Ettha ca abhisaṅkhataṃ bījaṃ viya kammavā satto, abhisaṅkhāro viya kammaṃ, bījassa aṅkurādippabandho viya sattassa paṭisandhiviññāṇādippabandho. Tatthuppannassa madhurassa rattakesarassa vā phalassa vā tasseva bījassa, tato eva ca abhisaṅkhārato bhāvo viya kammakārakasseva sattassa, taṃkammato eva ca phalassa bhāvo veditabbo. Bālasarīre kataṃ vijjāpariyāpuṇanaṃ, sippasikkhanaṃ, osadhappayogo ca na vuḍḍhasarīraṃ gacchanti. Atha ca tannimittaṃ vijjāpāṭavaṃ sippajānanaṃ, anāmayatā ca vuḍḍhasarīre honti, na ca tāni aññassa honti taṃsantatipariyāpanne eva vuḍḍhasarīre uppajjanato, na ca yathāpayuttena vijjāpariyāpuṇanādinā vinā tāni aññato honti tadabhāve abhāvato, evaṃ idhāpi santāne yaṃ phalaṃ, etaṃ nāññassa. Na ca aññatoti yojetabbaṃ. Etena ca saṅkhārābhāve phalābhāvameva dasseti, na aññapaccayanivāraṇaṃ karoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yampi vuttaṃ, tattha vadāmāti vacanaseso. Tattha vā upabhuñjake asati siddhā bhuñjakasammutīti sambandho. Phalatīti sammuti <span class="bld">phalatisammuti</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rukkhasaṅkhātānaṃ dhammāna</span>nti rukkhapaññattiyā upādānabhūtānaṃ bhūtupādāyadhammānaṃ. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā yathā khandhasantāne kusalākusalacetanuppattiyaṃ ‘‘puññaṃ karoti, pāpaṃ karotī’’ti kattuvohāro, evaṃ tassa phaluppattiyaṃ ‘‘sukhaṃ anubhavati, dukkhaṃ anubhavatī’’ti upabhuñjakavohāro, tasmā na ettha khandhavinimuttena aññena upabhuñjakena nāma koci attho atthīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para635"></a><span class="paranum">635</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ santepī</span>ti asaṅkantipātubhāve tattha ca yathāvuttadosapariharaṇe sati, siddheti attho. <span class="bld">Pavattikkhaṇeyevā</span>ti saṅkhārānaṃ pavattamānakkhaṇe eva. <span class="bld">Pavattito pubbe</span>ti kammāyūhanakkhaṇato pubbe, avijjamānatāya samānattā evaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Pacchā cā</span>ti vipaccanappapattito pacchā ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Avipakkavipākā katattā ce paccayā, vipakkavipākānampi katattaṃ samānanti tesampi phalāvahatā siyāti āsaṅkānivattanatthaṃ āha <span class="bld">‘‘na ca niccaṃ phalāvahā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Na</span> <a name="M2.0316"></a><a name="V2.0296"></a> <span class="bld">vijjamānattā avijjamānattā vā’’</span>ti etena vijjamānattaṃ, avijjamānattañca nissāya vuttadose pariharati. Tassā pāṭibhogakiriyāya, bhaṇḍakīṇanakiriyāya, iṇaggahaṇakiriyāya vā karaṇamattaṃ <span class="bld">taṃkiriyākaraṇamattaṃ,</span> tadeva <span class="bld">tadatthaniyyātane</span> paṭibhaṇḍadāne, iṇadāne ca paccayo hoti, aphalitaniyyātanādiphalanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para636"></a><span class="paranum">636</span>. <span class="bld">Sammohavighātattha</span>nti bāttiṃsāya viññāṇesu yathāvuttasaṅkhārānaṃ paṭisandhiyaṃ, pavattiyañca paccayabhāve vibhajja avibhāvite pavattanakasammohassa apanayanatthaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Puññābhisaṅkhāre</span>ti niddhāraṇe bhummaṃ. <span class="bld">Avisesenā</span>ti ‘‘tihetuko tihetukassā’’tiādikaṃ bhedaṃ akatvā sāmaññato, piṇḍavasenāti attho. Sabbattha upanissayapaccayo balavakammassa vasena yojetabbo. ‘‘Dubbalañhi kammaṃ upanissayapaccayo na hotī’’ti <span class="bld">paṭṭhānasaṃvaṇṇanāya</span> dassitametaṃ. <span class="bld">Rūpāvacarapañcakusalacetanābhedo</span>ti ‘‘ṭhapetvā abhiññāppatta’’nti visesetvā vattabbaṃ, na vā vattabbaṃ vipākassa paccayabhāvakathāya avipākārahassa pasaṅgābhāvato. Abhiññācetanāya hi avipākatā heṭṭhā vibhāvitā eva. <span class="bld">Avisesena panā</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo. Pañcannaṃ vipākaviññāṇānanti ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pañcanna</span>nti cakkhusotaviññāṇānaṃ, sampaṭicchanamanodhātuyā, dvinnaṃ santīraṇamanoviññāṇadhātūnañcāti etesaṃ pañcannaṃ. <span class="bld">Tathevā</span>ti dvedhā eva. Kathaṃ pana iṭṭhārammaṇeyeva pavattanakāni kusalavipākaviññāṇāni duggatiyaṃ pavattantīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘niraye mahāmoggallānattherassā’’</span>tiādi. Thero hi tattha iddhiyā vassaṃ nimminitvā katipayaṃ velaṃ nirayaggiṃ vūpasametvā tesaṃ dhammaṃ deseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sveva</span> kāmāvacaro puññābhisaṅkhāro. <span class="bld">Avisesena pana puññābhisaṅkhāro</span>ti kāmāvacaraṃ, rūpāvacarañcāti duvidhampi puññābhisaṅkhāraṃ ekajjhaṃ saṅgaṇhāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dvādasākusalacetanābhedo</span>ti ettha uddhaccasahagatacetanāya gahaṇe kāraṇaṃ na dissati, vicāretabbametaṃ. Ekassa viññāṇassa tatheva <a name="M2.0317"></a> paccayo paṭisandhiyaṃ, no pavatteti ekasseva paccayabhāvaniyamo paṭisandhiyaṃ, no pavatte. Pavatte hi sattannampi paccayoti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rūpabhave</span> <a name="V2.0297"></a> <span class="bld">catunna</span>nti akusalavipākānaṃ cakkhusotaviññāṇasampaṭicchanasantīraṇānaṃ. Tāni pana ekantato aniṭṭhārammaṇāni, rūpabhave ca kathaṃ aniṭṭhārammaṇasamāyogoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘so ca kho’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">‘‘Tathā kāmāvacaradevalokepi aniṭṭharūpādayo natthī’’</span>ti idaṃ yebhuyyavasena vuttaṃ. Bahulañhi tesaṃ iṭṭhā eva rūpādayo upaṭṭhahanti, kadāci aniṭṭhaṃ. Devānañhi kesañcideva pubbanimittapātubhāvakālādīsu milātamālādianiṭṭhārammaṇasamāyogo hotīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para637"></a><span class="paranum">637</span>. Yattha vitthārappakāsanaṃ kataṃ, tato bhavato paṭṭhāya mukhamattappakāsanaṃ kātukāmo āha <span class="bld">‘‘ādito paṭṭhāyā’’</span>ti. Teneva ‘‘dvīsu bhavesū’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Manussāpi keci aṇḍajā, saṃsedajā ca hontīti tadapekkhāya <span class="bld">‘‘catūsu yonīsū’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Ekattakāyaekattasaññitāsāmaññena catutthajhānabhūmikāpi asaññāruppavajjā catutthiṃyeva viññāṇaṭṭhitiṃ bhajanti. <span class="bld">Esa</span> puññābhisaṅkhāro. <span class="bld">Vuttanayenevā</span>ti ‘‘nānākkhaṇikakammapaccayena ceva upanissayapaccayena cā’’ti vuttanayeneva. <span class="bld">Yathāsambhava</span>nti ekavīsatikāmāvacararūpāvacarakusalavipākesu cuddasannaṃ paṭisandhiyaṃ, pavatte ca, sattannaṃ pavatte evāti ayaṃ yathāsambhavo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tādiseyevā</span>ti nānattakāyaekattasaññīsaṅkhāteyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Catunnaṃ viññāṇāna</span>nti bhavādayo apekkhitvā vuttaṃ. Catūsu antogadhānaṃ pana tiṇṇaṃ viññāṇānaṃ tīsu viññāṇaṭṭhitīsu paccayabhāvo yojetabbo. Aviññāṇake sattāvāse saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇe alabbhamānepi tassa saṅkhārahetukattaṃ labbhateva. Tathā hi tattha puññābhisaṅkhāro kaṭattārūpānaṃ nānākkhaṇikakammapaccayena paccayo hoti. Etasmiñca mukhamattappakāsane puññābhisaṅkhārādīnaṃ duggatiādīsu pavattiyaṃ kusalavipākādiviññāṇānaṃ paccayabhāvo bhavesu vuttanayeneva viññāyatīti na vuttoti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="subhead">Viññāṇapaccayānāmarūpapadavitthārakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para638"></a><span class="paranum">638</span>. <span class="bld">Vibhāgā</span> <a name="M2.0318"></a> <span class="bld">nāmarūpāna</span>nti nāmassa, rūpassa ca pabhedato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha nāmassa tāva pabhedaṃ dassentena kāmaṃ viññāṇampi nāmameva, paccayapaccayuppanne pana asaṅkarato <a name="V2.0298"></a> dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ārammaṇābhimukhaṃ namanato vedanādayo tayo khandhā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Nibbānassa panettha pavattikathāyaṃ appaccayattā, namanaṭṭhābhāvato ca pasaṅgo eva natthi. Nāmanaṭṭhena hi taṃ nāmaṃ, na namanaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Tesaṃ</span> nāmarūpānaṃ sukhādivasena, pathavīādivasena ca <span class="bld">vibhāgo</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekaṃ sattāvāsa</span>nti asaññasattāvāsaṃ. Purimesu catūsu, asaññasattāvāse cāti <span class="bld">pañcasu</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Gabbhaseyyaggahaṇena jalābujā gahitāti <span class="bld">‘‘aṇḍajānañcā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Aṇḍajānañca abhāvakānanti yojetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Santatisīsānī</span>ti kalāpasantānamūlāni. Yadipi vikārarūpāni paṭisandhikkhaṇe na santi, lakkhaṇaparicchedarūpāni pana santīti tāni paramatthato aparinipphannānīti vajjento āha <span class="bld">‘‘rūparūpato’’</span>ti. Phassādike saṅkhārakkhandhabhāvena ekattaṃ netvā <span class="bld">‘‘tevīsati dhammā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Apanetvā</span>ti kalāpantaragate pathavīādike samānalakkhaṇatāya aggahetvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tesa</span>nti brahmakāyikādīnaṃ. <span class="bld">Vitthārenā</span>ti catūsupi santatisīsesu rūpānaṃ asaṅkhipanena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāmabhave pana yasmā sesaopapātikāna</span>nti ettha kiñcāpi kāmabhave opapātikā vuttā na santi, yena sesaggahaṇaṃ sātthakaṃ bhaveyya, aṇḍajagabbhaseyyakehi pana opapātikasaṃsedajā sesā hontīti sesaggahaṇaṃ katanti veditabbaṃ. Atha vā brahmakāyikādikehi opapātikehi vuttehi sese sandhāya <span class="bld">‘‘sesaopapātikāna’’</span>nti āha. Te pana arūpinopi santīti <span class="bld">‘‘kāmabhave’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Aparipuṇṇāyatanānaṃ pana nāmarūpaṃ yathāsambhavaṃ rūpamissakaviññāṇaniddese vuttanayena sakkā dhammagaṇanato viññātunti na vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭisandhicittena saha pavattaututo</span>ti paṭisandhicittena saha uppannarūpesu tejodhātuto. Hadayavatthuno taṅkhaṇuppannattā paṭisandhicittassa <span class="bld">vatthudubbalatā</span>. Tesaṃ ajjhoharitāhārena anugate sarīre <a name="M2.0319"></a> āhārasamuṭṭhānaṃ suṭṭhaddhakanti sambandho. <span class="bld">Naro</span>ti teneva mātukucchigatabhāvena tirokkho. Avakaṃsato dve aṭṭhakāneva utucittasamuṭṭhānāni hontīti sasaddakālaṃ sandhāya <span class="bld">‘‘ukkaṃsato dvinnaṃ navakāna’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Pubbe</span>ti yaṃ pubbe santatidvayādikaṃ sattakapariyosānaṃ rūpaṃ idha vuttaṃ, taṃ ekekassa <a name="V2.0299"></a> cittassa tīsu tīsu khaṇesu uppajjamānameva vuttanti katvā āha <span class="bld">‘‘pubbe…pe… sattatividha’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Duvidhampi ta</span>nti utusamuṭṭhānaṃ, cittasamuṭṭhānañcāti duvidhampi taṃ saddaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saṇṭhātu</span>nti addhaniyabhāvena ṭhātuṃ, attano pana khaṇamattaṃ tiṭṭhateva. <span class="bld">Catuddisā vavatthāpitā</span>ti aññamaññaṃ saṃsaṭṭhasīsā mūlena catūsu disāsu vavatthāpitā. Aññamaññaṃ āliṅgetvā ṭhitā <span class="bld">bhinnavāhanikā viya</span> ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para639"></a><span class="paranum">639</span>. <span class="bld">Pañcavokārabhave ca pavattiya</span>nti rūpājanakakammajapañcaviññāṇappavattikālaṃ, sahajātaviññāṇapaccayañca sandhāyāha. Tadā hi tato nāmameva hotīti. Kammaviññāṇapaccayā pana tadāpi ubhayaṃ hotīti sakkā vattuṃ, pacchājātaviññāṇapaccayā ca rūpaṃ upatthaddhaṃ hotīti. <span class="bld">Asaññesū</span>tiādi kammaviññāṇapaccayaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Pañcavokārabhave ca pavattiya</span>nti bhavaṅgādijanakakammato aññena rūpuppattikālaṃ, nirodhasamāpattikālaṃ, bhavaṅgādiuppattikālato aññakālañca sandhāya vuttanti yuttaṃ. Bhavaṅgādiuppattikāle hi taṃjanakena kammunā uppajjamānaṃ rūpaṃ, so ca vipāko kammaviññāṇapaccayo hotīti sakkā vattuṃ. Sahajātaviññāṇapaccayānapekkhampi hi pavattiyaṃ kammena pavattamānaṃ rūpaṃ, nāmañca na kammaviññāṇānapekkhaṃ hotīti. <span class="bld">Sabbatthā</span>ti paṭisandhiyaṃ, pavatte ca. Sahajātaviññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpaṃ, kammaviññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpañca yathāsambhavaṃ yojetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Nāmañca rūpañca nāmarūpañcā</span>ti ettha nāmarūpasaddo attano ekadesena nāmasaddena nāmasaddassa sarūpo, rūpasaddena ca rūpasaddassa, tasmā sarūpānaṃ ekasesoti <span class="bld">ekadesasarūpekaseso,</span> nāmarūpasaddassa ṭhānaṃ itaresañca nāmarūpasaddānaṃ adassananti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vipākato aññaṃ <span class="bld">avipākaṃ</span>. Yato dvidhā mataṃ, tato yuttameva idanti yojetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kusalādicittakkhaṇe</span>ti <a name="M2.0320"></a> <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena akusalakiriyacittakkhaṇe viya vipākacittakkhaṇepi vipākājanakakammasamuṭṭhānaṃ saṅgahitanti veditabbaṃ. Vipākacittakkhaṇe pana abhisaṅkhāraviññāṇapaccayā pubbe vuttanayena ubhayañca labbhatīti tādisavipākacittakkhaṇavajjanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kusalādicittakkhaṇe’’</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para640"></a><span class="paranum">640</span>. <span class="bld">Suttantikapariyāyato</span>ti <a name="V2.0300"></a> paṭṭhāne rūpānaṃ upanissayapaccayassa avuttattā vuttaṃ. Suttante pana yasmiṃ sati yaṃ hoti, asati ca na hoti, so tassa upanissayo nidānaṃ hetu pabhavoti katvā ‘‘viññāṇūpanisaṃ nāmarūpa’’nti rūpassa ca viññāṇūpanissayatā vuttā. Vanapatthapariyāye ca vanapatthagāmanigamanagarajanapadapuggalūpanissayo iriyāpathavihāro, tato ca cīvarādīnaṃ jīvitaparikkhārānaṃ kasirena, appakasirena ca samudāgamanaṃ vuttaṃ, na ca vanapatthādayo ārammaṇūpanissayādibhāvaṃ iriyāpathānaṃ, cīvarādisamudāgamanassa ca bhajanti. Tasmā vinā abhāvo eva suttantikapariyāyato upanissayabhāvo daṭṭhabbo. Nāmassa abhisaṅkhāraviññāṇaṃ kammārammaṇapaṭisandhiādikāle ārammaṇapaccayova hotīti vattabbameva natthīti rūpasseva suttantikapariyāyato ekadhāva paccayabhāvo vutto. Sasaṃsayassa hi rūpassetaṃ paccayo hotīti vutte nāmassa hotīti vattabbameva natthīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pavattassa pākaṭattā apākaṭaṃ paṭisandhiṃ gahetvā pucchati <span class="bld">‘‘kathaṃ paneta’’</span>ntiādinā. Suttato nāmaṃ, yuttito rūpaṃ viññāṇapaccayā hotīti jānitabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yuttito sādhetvā suttena taṃ daḷhaṃ karonto <span class="bld">‘‘kammasamuṭṭhānassāpi hī’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Cittasamuṭṭhānassevā</span>ti cittasamuṭṭhānassa viya. Ettha ca ‘‘viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpa’’nti (ma. ni. 3.126; saṃ. ni. 2.1, 39; mahāva. 1; udā. 1) bhāsamānena bhagavatā yasmā upaparikkhamānānaṃ paṇḍitānaṃ paramatthato nāmarūpamattameva pavattamānaṃ dissati, na satto, na jīvo, tasmā kenaci appaṭivattiyaṃ anuttaraṃ dhammacakkaṃ pavattitaṃ hoti. Suññatappakāsanañhi dhammacakkappavattananti. Atha vā nāmarūpamattatāvacanena pavattiyā dukkhasaccamattatā vuttā. Dukkhasaccappakāsanena ca tassa samudayo, tassa ca nirodho, nirodhagāminipaṭipadā ca <a name="M2.0321"></a> pakāsitā eva hoti. Ahetukassa dukkhassa, hetunirodhā anirujjhanakassa ca abhāvā, nirodhassa ca upāyena vinā anadhigantabbattāti catusaccappakāsanaṃ dhammacakkappavattanaṃ niddhāretabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Nāmarūpapaccayāsaḷāyatanapadavitthārakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para641"></a><span class="paranum">641</span>. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti <a name="V2.0301"></a> nāmarūpaṃ. <span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti saḷāyatanassa. <span class="bld">Tādisassevā</span>ti katekasesasseva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idhāpi <span class="bld">nāma</span>nti khandhattayasseva gahaṇe kāraṇaṃ vuttanayameva. <span class="bld">Niyamato</span>ti idañca catunnaṃ bhūtānaṃ, channaṃ vatthūnaṃ, jīvitassa ca yathāsambhavaṃ sahajātanissayapurejātaindriyādinā saḷāyatanassa pavattamānassa ekantena paccayabhāvaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Rūpāyatanādīnaṃ pana sahajātanissayānupālanabhāvo natthīti aggahaṇaṃ veditabbaṃ. Ārammaṇārammaṇapurejātādibhāvo ca tesaṃ na sasantatipariyāpannānameva, na ca cakkhādīnaṃ viya ekappahārenevāti aniyamato paccayabhāvo. <span class="bld">Niyamato…pe… jīvitindriyanti eva</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">evaṃ</span>-saddena vā rūpāyatanādīnampi saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Chaṭṭhāyatanañca saḷāyatanañca saḷāyatana</span>nti ettha yadipi chaṭṭhāyatanasaḷāyatanasaddānaṃ saddato sarūpatā natthi, atthato pana saḷāyatanekadesova chaṭṭhāyatananti ekadesasarūpatā atthīti ekadesasarūpekaseso katoti veditabbo. Atthatopi hi sarūpānaṃ ekadesasarūpekasesaṃ icchanti ‘‘vaṅko ca kuṭilo ca kuṭilā’’ti. Tasmā atthato ekadesasarūpānañca ekasesena bhavitabbanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha vā chaṭṭhāyatanañca manāyatanañca chaṭṭhāyatananti vā manāyatananti vā chaṭṭhāyatanañca chaṭṭhāyatanañca chaṭṭhāyatananti vā manāyatanañca manāyatanañca manāyatananti vā ekasesaṃ katvā cakkhādīhi saddhiṃ ‘‘saḷāyatana’’nti vuttanti tameva ekasesaṃ nāmamattapaccayassa, nāmarūpapaccayassa ca manāyatanassa vasena kataṃ atthato dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘chaṭṭhāyatanañca saḷāyatanañca saḷāyatananti evaṃ katekasesassā’’</span>ti. Yathāvuttopi hi ekaseso atthato chaṭṭhāyatanañca saḷāyatanañcāti evaṃ kato nāma <a name="M2.0322"></a> hotīti. Sabbattha ca ekasese kate ekavacananiddeso katekasesānaṃ saḷāyatanādisaddavacanīyatāsāmaññavasena katoti daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Na aññathā’’</span>ti etena tassa tassa nāmassa, rūpassa ca abhāve taṃ taṃ āyatanaṃ na hotīti byatirekaṃ vibhāveti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ya</span>nti <a name="V2.0302"></a> yaṃ yaṃ nāmaṃ, rūpañca. <span class="bld">Yassā</span>ti yassa yassa āyatanassa. <span class="bld">Yathā</span>ti sahajātādinā yena yena pakārena. <span class="bld">Neyya</span>nti ñeyyaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tassa vasenā</span>ti tassa hetuādipaccayassa vasena. <span class="bld">Ukkaṃsāvakaṃso</span>ti ettha sattadhā paccayabhāvato ukkaṃso aṭṭhadhā paccayabhāvo, tato navadhā, tato dasadhāti ayaṃ ukkaṃso. Avakaṃso pana dasadhā paccayabhāvato navadhā paccayabhāvo, tato aṭṭhadhā, tato sattadhāti evaṃ veditabbo, na pana sattadhā paccayabhāvato eva dvepi ukkaṃsāvakaṃsā yojetabbā, tato avakaṃsābhāvatoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vipākaṃ nāmanti sambandho. <span class="bld">Vuttanayenevā</span>ti sahajātādivasena, sattadhā, hetuādivasena ca. <span class="bld">Itara</span>nti avipākaṃ nāmaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Hadayavatthuno sahāyaṃ hutvā’’</span>ti etena arūpe viya asahāyaṃ nāmaṃ na hoti, hadayavatthu ca nāmena saha chaṭṭhāyatanassa paccayo hotīti ettakameva dasseti, na pana yathā hadayavatthu paccayo hoti, tathā nāmampīti ayamattho adhippeto. Vatthu hi nāmassa vippayuttapaccayo hoti, na nāmaṃ. Nāmañca vipākahetādipaccayo hoti, na vatthūti. Pavatte arūpadhammā kammajarūpassa ṭhitippattasseva paccayā honti, na uppajjamānassāti vippayuttaatthiavigatā ca pacchājātavippayuttādayo eva cakkhādīnaṃ yojetabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Tatthevā’’ti iminā ‘‘pavatte’’ti idaṃ paccāmaṭṭhanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tattheva hi pavatte’’</span>ti. ‘‘Pañcavokārabhave’’ti pana idaṃ ‘‘pañcanna’’nti iminā dīpitamevāti. Pavattiyaṃ cakkhāyatanādikassa nāmaṃ vipākapaccayo na hoti, attanā janitarūpasseva hoti. Paṭisandhiyaṃ pana kammasamuṭṭhānaṃ cittasamuṭṭhānasadisaṃ, tasmā vatthunopi vipākapaccayo hotiyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rūpato</span>ti <a name="M2.0323"></a> rūpesu. <span class="bld">Yaṃ yaṃ āyatanaṃ uppajjatī</span>ti paṭisandhiyaṃ aṇḍajajalābujānaṃ pañcasu āyatanesu kāyāyatanameva uppajjati. Itaresaṃ yathārahaṃ itarānipi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Avasesamanāyatanassā</span>ti ettha ‘‘pañcakkhandhabhave panā’’ti etassa anuvattamānattā pañcavokārabhave <a name="V2.0303"></a> eva pavattamānaṃ pañcaviññāṇehi avasesaṃ manāyatanaṃ vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Nāmarūpassa sahajātādisādhāraṇapaccayabhāvo, sampayuttādiasādhāraṇapaccayabhāvo ca yathāsambhavaṃ yojetabbo. ‘‘Rūpapaccayā pañcāyatanānī’’ti ayampi nayo labbhati nirodhasamāpannānaṃ vasena, so pana apacurabhāvato yebhuyyena ca paṭisandhiyaṃ paccayabhūtasseva nāmarūpassa pavattiyaṃ paccayabhāvo vibhāvitoti na dassitoti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Saḷāyatanapaccayāphassapadavitthārakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para642"></a><span class="paranum">642</span>. Bāvīsatiyā lokiyavipākaviññāṇehi sampayuttā <span class="bld">bāvīsatilokiyaviññāṇasampayuttā</span>. Tato eva <span class="bld">bāvīsati</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti tasmiṃ saḷāyatane, tesu chasu āyatanesūti attho. <span class="bld">Ajjhatta</span>nti sasantatipariyāpannameva gaṇhāti. Tañhi sasantatipariyāpannakammanibbattaṃ tādisassa phassassa paccayo hoti. Rūpādīni, pana bahiddhā anupādinnāni ca phassassa ārammaṇaṃ honti, na tāni cakkhādīni viya sasantatipariyāpannakammakilesanimittappavattibhāvena phassassa paccayā hontīti paṭhamācariyavāde na gahitāni, dutiyācariyavāde pana yathā tathā vā paccayabhāve sati na sakkā vajjetunti gahitāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti saḷāyatanapaccayā phassapade. Ye tāva ācariyā mahāvihāravāsinova yathā viññāṇaṃ, evaṃ nāmarūpaṃ, saḷāyatanaṃ, phassaṃ, vedanañca paccayaṃ, paccayuppannañca sasantatipariyāpannaṃ dīpentā vipākameva icchanti. ‘‘Chaṭṭhāyatanapaccayā phasso’’ti <span class="bld">abhidhammabhājanīya</span>pāḷi (vibha. 243) āruppaṃ sandhāya vuttāti <span class="bld">‘‘chaṭṭhāyatanapaccayā phassoti pāḷianusārato’’</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sabbe phassā na sambhontīti yojanā. Yadi sabbāyatanehi eko phasso sambhaveyya, ‘‘saḷāyatanapaccayā phasso’’ti ekassa vacanaṃ yujjeyya<a name="M2.0324"></a>, athāpi ekamhā āyatanā sabbe phassā sambhaveyyuṃ, tathāpi sabbāyatanehi sabbaphassasambhavato āyatanabhedena phassabhedo natthīti tadabhedavasena ekassa vacanaṃ yujjeyya, tathā pana asambhavato na yuttanti codeti <span class="bld">‘‘na sabbāyatanehī’’</span>tiādinā<a name="V2.0304"></a>. Aññassāpi vā asambhavantassa vidhānassa bodhanatthametaṃ vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘nāpi ekamhā āyatanā sabbe phassā’’</span>ti. ‘‘Na sabbāyatanehi eko phasso sambhotī’’ti idameva pana ekaphassavacanassāyuttattadīpakaṃ kāraṇanti veditabbaṃ. Nidassanavasena vā etaṃ vuttaṃ. Nāpi ekamhā āyatanā sabbe phassā sambhonti, evaṃ na sabbāyatanehi eko phasso sambhoti. Tasmā ekassa vacanaṃ ayuttanti. Parihāraṃ pana anekāyatanehi ekaphassassa sambhavatoti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘tatridaṃ vissajjana’’</span>ntiādimāha. <span class="bld">Avasesasampayuttadhammāyatanā</span> phassavajjitā taṃsampayuttacetasikā dhammā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ekopi anekāyatanappabhavo <span class="bld">ekopanekāyatanappabhavo</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Chadhā paccayatte pañca vibhāvaye, ekaṃ navadhā paccayatte, bāhirāni cha āyatanāni ārammaṇādinā yathāsambhavaṃ paccayatte vibhāvayeti sambandho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anekabhedassā</span>ti kusalavipākādipañcadvārādivasena anekavidhassa dvipañcaviññāṇasampayuttavajjassa vipākaphassassa. <span class="bld">Tāni cā</span>ti rūpāyatanādīni. ‘‘Mano ca nesaṃ gocaravisayaṃ paccanubhotī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.455) hi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Tathā cā</span>ti paccuppannāni rūpādīni paccuppannañca dhammāyatanapariyāpannaṃ rūparūpaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ārammaṇapaccayamattenā</span>ti taṃ sabbaṃ apaccuppannaṃ, aññañca dhammāyatanaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Phassapaccayāvedanāpadavitthārakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para643"></a><span class="paranum">643</span>. <span class="bld">Dvārato saḷevā</span>ti pabhavasāmaññato ekavidhāpi uppattidvārato cha eva hontīti chaḷeva vedanā vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Cittabhedena ekūnanavutividhāpi idhādhippetā eva dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vedanāsu panā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. ‘‘Sesāna’’nti ettha sampaṭicchanasampayuttāya cakkhusamphassādayo pañca yadipi anantarādīhi paccayā honti, anantarādīnaṃ pana <a name="M2.0325"></a> upanissaye antogadhattā santīraṇatadārammaṇānañca sādhāraṇassa tassa vasena <span class="bld">‘‘ekadhā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Ekekasmiṃ dvāre hi cakkhudvārādīsu uppannacakkhuviññāṇādīhi <a name="V2.0305"></a> sahajātā phassā sakasakavīthīsu sampaṭicchanādīhi sampayuttavedanānaṃ, manodvāre tadārammaṇavaseneva pavattānaṃ tebhūmakavipākavedanānampi sahajātamanosamphassasaṅkhāto so phasso aṭṭhadhā paccayo hotīti yojetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Rūpārūpāvacaravipākavedanā paṭisandhiādivaseneva pavattanti, kāmāvacarāpi ekaccāti <span class="bld">‘‘tebhūmakavipākavedanānampī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Tāsampi hi sahajātamanosamphasso aṭṭhadhāva paccayo hoti. Paccayaṃ anupādinnampi keci icchantīti <span class="bld">‘‘yā panā’’</span>tiādinā manodvārāvajjanasampayuttaphassassa paccayabhāvo vutto. Tañca mukhamattadassanaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Etena nayena sabbassa anantarassa, anānantarassa ca phassassa tassā tassā vipākavedanāya upanissayatā yojetabbāti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Vedanāpaccayātaṇhāpadavitthārakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para644"></a><span class="paranum">644</span>. <span class="bld">Idhā</span>ti imasmiṃ loke, imasmiṃ vā sāsane cha taṇhā dīpitā. <span class="bld">Idhā</span>ti vā imasmiṃ vedanāpaccayā taṇhāpade. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti tāsu chasu taṇhāsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ekekāya sassatadiṭṭhisahagatāya, ucchedadiṭṭhisahagatāya ca taṇhāya tadabhinandanānuguṇo rūpādīsu pavattiākāro, kevalaṃ kāmassādavasena pavattiyā visiṭṭhākārattā vuttappavattiākārato taṇhāya tividhatā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mamattenā</span>ti sampiyāyanena, assādanataṇhāya icceva vuttaṃ hoti. Tattha putto viya vedanā daṭṭhabbā, khīrādayo viya vedanāya paccayabhūtā rūpādayo, khīrādidāyikā dhāti viya rūpādichaḷārammaṇadāyakā cittakārādayo cha. Tattha sukhasamphassavatthadāyako tantavāyo, vejjo rasāyatanojāvasena, tadupatthambhitajīvitavasena ca dhammārammaṇassa dāyakoti daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Sabbāpesā</span> aṭṭhasatappabhedāpi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ārammaṇapaccayo uppajjamānāya ārammaṇamattameva hoti, na upanissayo viya uppādakoti uppādakassa upanissayasseva vasena <span class="bld">‘‘ekadhāvā’’</span>ti <a name="M2.0326"></a> vuttaṃ. Upanissayena vā ārammaṇūpanissayo <a name="V2.0306"></a> saṅgahito. Tena ca ārammaṇabhāvena taṃsabhāgo aññopi ārammaṇapaccayabhāvo dīpito hotīti upanissayavaseneva paccayabhāvo vuttoti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Yasmā vā’’</span>tiādinā na kevalaṃ vipākasukhavedanā eva, tissopi pana vedanā vipākā visesena taṇhāya upanissayapaccayo, avisesena itarā cāti dasseti. <span class="bld">Upekkhā pana santattā, sukhamicceva bhāsitā</span>ti tasmā sāpi bhiyyo icchanavasena taṇhāya upanissayoti adhippāyo. Upekkhā pana akusalavipākabhūtā aniṭṭhattā dukkhe avarodhetabbā, itarā iṭṭhattā sukheti sā dukkhaṃ viya, sukhaṃ viya ca upanissayapaccayo hotīti sakkā vattuṃ. ‘‘Vedanāpaccayā taṇhā’’ti vacanena sabbassa vedanāvato paccayassa atthitāya taṇhuppattippasaṅge tannivāraṇatthamāha <span class="bld">‘‘vedanāpaccayā cāpī’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nanu ‘‘anusayasahāyā vedanā taṇhāya paccayo’’ti vacanassa abhāvā atippasaṅganivattiṃ na sakkā kātunti? Na, vaṭṭakathāya pavattattā. Vaṭṭassa ca anusayavirahe abhāvato anusayasahitāva paccayoti atthato vuttamevetaṃ hotīti. Atha vā ‘‘avijjāpaccayā’’ti anuvattamānattā anusayasahitāva paccayoti viññāyati. <span class="bld">Vedanāpaccayā taṇhā</span>ti cettha vedanāpaccayā eva taṇhā, na vedanāya vināti ayaṃ niyamo icchito, na vedanāpaccayā taṇhā hotiyevāti, tasmā atippasaṅgo ettha natthi evāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vusīmato</span>ti vusitavato, vusitabrahmacariyavāsassāti attho. Vussatīti vā vusīti maggo vuccati, so etassa vuttho atthīti <span class="bld">vusīmā,</span> ukkaṭṭhaniddesena arahā. Aggaphalaṃ vā pariniṭṭhitavāsattā ‘‘vusī’’ti vuccati, taṃ etassa atthīti <span class="bld">vusīmā</span>.</p>
<p class="subhead">Taṇhāpaccayāupādānapadavitthārakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para645"></a><span class="paranum">645</span>. <span class="bld">Atthavibhāgo</span> atthassa vibhajanā. <span class="bld">Vatthusaṅkhātaṃ kāma</span>nti kāmaguṇasaññitaṃ rūpādiārammaṇamāha. <span class="bld">Upādiyatī</span>ti kāmavasena gaṇhāti, daḷhaṃ assādetīti attho. <span class="bld">Kāmaṃ upādiyatī</span>ti ettha kammasādhano kāmasaddo<a name="M2.0327"></a>, <span class="bld">kāmo ca so</span>ti ettha kattusādhano kilesakāmassa adhippetattā. Upādānasaddo pana ubhayatthāpi kattusādhanova. <span class="bld">Daḷhattho</span> bhusattho. Yathā bhuso āyāso <a name="V2.0307"></a> upāyāso, bhusaṃ kuṭṭhaṃ upakuṭṭhaṃ, evaṃ idhāpīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘upāyāsaupakuṭṭhādīsu viyā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Purimadiṭṭhiṃ uttaradiṭṭhi upādiyatī</span>ti purimadiṭṭhiṃ sassatabhāvena gaṇhantī upādiyati, purimadiṭṭhiākārena vā uttaradiṭṭhi uppajjamānā teneva purimadiṭṭhiṃ daḷhaṃ karontī taṃ upādiyatīti vuttā. Atha vā <span class="bld">purimadiṭṭhiṃ uttaradiṭṭhi upādiyatī</span>ti ‘‘sassato attā’’ti (dī. ni. 1.31) idaṃ purimadiṭṭhiṃ upādiyamānaṃ uttaradiṭṭhiṃ nidassetuṃ vuttaṃ. Yathā hi esā daḷhīkaraṇavasena purimaṃ uttarā upādiyati, evaṃ ‘‘natthi dinna’’ntiādikāpīti (ma. ni. 1.445; 2.94; 3.91, 116, 136; dha. sa. 1221; vibha. 938). <span class="bld">Atta</span>ggahaṇaṃ pana attavādupādānanti na idaṃ diṭṭhupādānadassananti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Loko cā</span>ti vā attaggahaṇavinimuttaṃ gahaṇaṃ diṭṭhupādānabhūtaṃ idha purimadiṭṭhiuttaradiṭṭhivacanehi vuttanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sīlabbataṃ upādiyatī</span>ti ettha asuddhimaggagosīlādisamādānavasena sīlaṃ, avītikkamanavasena vataṃ. Ubhayathāpi vā sīlaṃ, tapokammabhāvena gahitatāya vataṃ, gavādipakatibhāvanā. Attano vā gavādibhāvādhiṭṭhānaṃ sīlaṃ, ‘‘gacchanto bhakkheti, tiṭṭhanto muttetī’’tiādinā gavādikiriyākaraṇaṃ vataṃ. Taṃtaṃakiccasammatato vā nivatti sīlaṃ, taṃsamādānavatovesa bhojanakiccakaraṇādivisesapaṭipatti vataṃ, taṃ sīlabbataṃ asuddhimaggaṃ ‘‘suddhimaggo’’ti parāmasanto tathā abhinivisanto upādiyati, taṃ gāhaṃ daḷhaṃ gaṇhātīti attho. Sīlabbatasahacaritaṃ parāmāsaṃ sīlabbatanti gahetvā āha <span class="bld">‘‘sīlabbatañca taṃ upādānañcā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Gosīlagovatādīnī</span>ti ca tathābhūtaṃ diṭṭhiṃ vadati. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘sayameva upādānānī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Abhinivesato</span>ti abhinivesabhāvato, abhinivisanato vā. <span class="bld">Attavādupādāna</span>nti ‘‘attā’’ti vādassa paññāpanassa, gahaṇassa ca kāraṇabhūtā diṭṭhīti attho. <span class="bld">Attavādamattamevā</span>ti attassa abhāvā ‘‘attā’’ti idaṃ vacanamattameva. <span class="bld">Upādiyantī</span>ti daḷhaṃ gaṇhanti. Kathaṃ? ‘‘Attā’’ti. ‘‘Attā’’ti hi abhinivisantā vacanamattameva daḷhaṃ katvā gaṇhantīti atthoti. Evaṃ ‘‘attavādamattameva upādiyantī’’ti vuttaṃ<a name="M2.0328"></a>. <span class="bld">Attavādamatta</span>nti vā vācāvatthumattamevāha. Vācāvatthumattameva hi ‘‘attā’’ti upādiyanti attassa abhāvāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Dhammasaṅkhepavitthāre pana kāmupādānaṃ saṅkhepato taṇhādaḷhattaṃ, sesupādānattayaṃ diṭṭhimattameva, vitthārato panā’’ti evaṃ dhammasaṅkhepavitthārasamudāyato tadavayavabhūtaṃ saṅkhepaṃ, vitthārañca niddhāretīti. <span class="bld">Dhammasaṅkhepavitthāre</span>ti niddhāraṇe bhummaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Kāmesū</span>ti pañcasu kāmaguṇesu<a name="V2.0308"></a>. <span class="bld">Kāmacchando</span>ti kāmasaṅkhāto chando, na kattukamyatāchando, na ca dhammacchando. Kāmanavasena, rañjanavasena ca kāmoyeva rāgo <span class="bld">kāmarāgo,</span> evaṃ sabbattha kāmatthaṃ viditvā kāmo eva nandanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">kāmanandī,</span> taṇhāyanaṭṭhena kāmoyeva <span class="bld">kāmataṇhā,</span> sinehanaṭṭhena kāmo eva <span class="bld">kāmasneho,</span> paridayhanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">kāmapariḷāho,</span> mucchanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">kāmamucchā,</span> gilitvā pariniṭṭhāpanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">kāmajjhosānaṃ</span> veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Appattavisayapatthanā taṇhā</span> ārammaṇe paritassanabhāvato, <span class="bld">sampattavisayaggahaṇaṃ upādānaṃ</span> ārammaṇe daḷhaggāhabhāvato. <span class="bld">Appicchatāpaṭipakkhā taṇhā</span> visayābhimukhabhāvato, <span class="bld">santuṭṭhipaṭipakkhā upādānaṃ</span> taṇhādaḷhattaṃ hutvā atricchatābhāvato. <span class="bld">Pariyesanadukkhamūlā taṇhā</span> appattavisayapatthanābhāvato, <span class="bld">ārakkhadukkhamūlaṃ upādānaṃ</span> sampattavisayaggahaṇabhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Natthi dinna</span>ntiādīsu <span class="bld">dinna</span>nti dānamāha, taṃ aphalattā rūpaṃ viya dānaṃ nāma na hotīti paṭikkhipati. <span class="bld">Yiṭṭhaṃ</span> vuccati mahāvijitayaññasadiso mahāyāgo. <span class="bld">Huta</span>nti āhunapāhunamaṅgalakiriyā. Tattha āmantetvā havanaṃ dānaṃ <span class="bld">āhunaṃ,</span> pāhunānaṃ atithīnaṃ atithikiriyā <span class="bld">pāhunaṃ,</span> āvāhādīsu maṅgalatthaṃ dānaṃ <span class="bld">maṅgalakiriyā,</span> dasa kusalakammapathā <span class="bld">sukatakammāni</span> nāma, dasa akusalakammapathā <span class="bld">dukkaṭakammāni</span> nāma, <span class="bld">phalaṃ vipāko</span>ti nissandādiphalañceva nippariyāyavipāko ca natthīti yojanā. Yathā cettha, evaṃ ‘‘natthi dinna’’ntiādīsupi phalavipākapaṭikkhepova daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Natthi ayaṃ loko</span>ti paraloke ṭhito imaṃ lokaṃ ‘‘natthī’’ti gaṇhāti. Imaṃ hi lokaṃ avekkhitvā paraloko, parañca lokaṃ avekkhitvā ayaṃ loko hoti gantabbato, āgantabbato cāti paralokato idhāgamanassa abhāvā tattheva ucchijjanato cittena paraloke ṭhito imaṃ lokaṃ ‘‘natthī’’ti gaṇhātīti attho. Na hi ayaṃ diṭṭhi paraloke ṭhitasseva hotīti. <span class="bld">Natthi paraloko</span>ti idhaloke <a name="M2.0329"></a> ṭhito paralokaṃ ‘‘natthī’’ti gaṇhāti. Idhāpi vuttanayeneva attho veditabbo. Ayaṃ vā ettha attho – saṃsaraṇappadeso idhaloko, paraloko ca nāma koci natthi saṃsaraṇassa abhāvā tattha tattheva ucchijjanatoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Purimabhavato pacchimabhave upapatanaṃ upapāto, so yesaṃ sīlaṃ, te <span class="bld">opapātikā</span>. Te pana cavanakaupapajjanakasattā natthīti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘natthi sattā opapātikā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Natthi loke samaṇa…pe… pavedentī</span>ti anulomapaṭipadaṃ paṭipannattā sammaggatā sammāpaṭipannā dhammikasamaṇabrāhmaṇā <a name="V2.0309"></a> lokasmiṃ natthi, ye imañca lokaṃ, parañca lokaṃ attanā eva abhivisiṭṭhena ñāṇena paccakkhato ñatvā pavedanasamatthā sabbaññubuddhā nāma natthīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Rūpaṃ attato samanupassatī</span>tiādīsu vattabbaṃ heṭṭhā vuttameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pakatiaṇuādīnaṃ sassataggāhapubbaṅgamo, sarīrassa ucchedaggāhapubbaṅgamo ca tesaṃ gāhānaṃ sāmibhūto koci sassato, ucchijjamāno vā attā atthīti attaggāho kadāci hotīti <span class="bld">‘‘yebhuyyenā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Svāyaṃ attaggāho atthato khandhārammaṇo eva daṭṭhabbo. Yebhuyyena paṭhamaṃ attavādupādānantiādināva sambandho. Yadipi bhavarāgajavanavīthi paṭhamaṃ pavattati gahitapaṭisandhikassa bhavanikantiyā pavattitabbattā, so pana bhavarāgo taṇhādaḷhattaṃ na hotīti maññamāno na kāmupādānassa paṭhamuppattimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Taṇhā kāmupādānanti pana vibhāgassa akaraṇe sabbāpi taṇhā <span class="bld">kāmupādānaṃ,</span> karaṇepi vā kāmarāgato aññāpi taṇhā daḷhabhāvaṃ pattā <span class="bld">kāmupādāna</span>nti tassa arahattamaggavajjhatā vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Uppattiṭṭhānabhūtā cittuppādā <span class="bld">visayo</span>. Pañcupādānakkhandhā <span class="bld">ālayo</span>. Tattha ramatīti <span class="bld">ālayarāmā,</span> pajā. Teneva sā ālayarāmatā sasantāne, parasantāne ca pākaṭā hoti. <span class="bld">Kāmāna</span>nti vatthukāmānaṃ. ‘‘Sukhadukkhaṃ kammunā hotī’’ti aggahetvā <span class="bld">kotūhalamaṅgalādibahulo hoti. Sā</span> kotūhalamaṅgalādibahulatā. <span class="bld">Assa</span> kāmupādānavato. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti diṭṭhupādānaṃ, anattani dhammamatte ‘‘attā’’ti micchābhinivesassa sukhumataradhammupādānatāya sukhumatā vuttā. Upanissayavacanena ārammaṇānantarapakatūpanissayā <a name="M2.0330"></a> vuttāti anantarapaccayādīnampi saṅgaho kato hoti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Upādānapaccayābhavapadavitthārakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para646"></a><span class="paranum">646</span>. <span class="bld">Atthato</span>ti vacanatthato. <span class="bld">Dhammato</span>ti sabhāvadhammato. <span class="bld">Sātthato</span>ti sātthakato, pubbe vuttassapi puna vacanassa sappayojanato. <span class="bld">Bhedasaṅgahā</span>ti bhedato saṅgahato, vibhāgato ceva vibhattassa saṅkhipanato cāti attho. <span class="bld">Yaṃ yassa paccayo</span>ti yaṃ yaṃ upādānaṃ yassa yassa bhavassa paccayo hoti, tato cāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhavatīti</span> <a name="V2.0310"></a> <span class="bld">bhavo</span>ti phalavohārena kammabhavo vutto. Upapattibhavanibbacanameva hi dvayassapi sādhāraṇaṃ katvā vuttaṃ, bhavati etasmā upapattibhavoti vā. Dutiyo pana kammabhavo sattassa punabbhavabhāvena savisesaṃ bhavatīti <span class="bld">bhavo</span>. Tato eva na sabbassa bhavantarassa, taṃhetuno vā bhavabhāvappasaṅgo. <span class="bld">Duvidhenā</span>ti dvīhi ākārehi pavattitoti attho. <span class="bld">Duvidhenā</span>ti vā paccattatthe karaṇavacanaṃ, duvidhoti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Atthī</span>ti saṃvijjati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para647"></a><span class="paranum">647</span>. Attano paccayehi karīyatīti kammaṃ, attano phalaṃ karotīti kammanti keci, ‘‘kamma’’nti evaṃ vattabbā <span class="bld">kammasaṅkhātā. Parittabhūmako</span>ti kāmabhūmako. <span class="bld">Mahābhūmako</span>ti mahaggatabhūmako. <span class="bld">Sabba</span>nti anavasesaṃ. Bhavaṃ gacchati, gameti cāti <span class="bld">bhavagāmi</span>. Gacchatīti ca nipphādanasamatthatāvasena, attano pavattikāle bhavābhimukhaṃ hutvā pavattatīti attho, nibbattanameva vā gamanaṃ adhippetaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Bhavagāmī’’</span>ti ca etena kammakkhayakaraṃ kammaṃ nivatteti. Ayañhi vaṭṭakathā, tañca vivaṭṭanissitanti. <span class="bld">Apuññābhisaṅkhāroti dvādasa cetanā</span>ti uddhaccasahagatacetanāyapi gahaṇaṃ ‘‘avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā’’ti ettha viya veditabbaṃ. ‘‘Bhavapaccayā jātī’’ti ettha pana ‘‘saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇa’’nti (ma. ni. 3.126; mahāva. 1; saṃ. ni. 2.1; udā. 1; netti. 24) ettha viya sāpi apanetabbā. <span class="bld">Mandabahuvipākatā</span>ti appamahāvipākatā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Sabbampi bhavagāmikammanti iminā cetanāsampayuttā abhijjhādayo vuttā’’</span>ti etena ācayagāmitāya tesaṃ kammasaṅkhātatā vuttāti kammabhavapariyāpannataṃ <a name="M2.0331"></a> pariyāyena vadati, nippariyāyena pana cetanāva kammabhavo. Vuttañhi ‘‘kammabhavo tīhi khandhehi ekenāyatanena ekāya dhātuyā sampayutto, ekena khandhena ekenāyatanena ekāya dhātuyā kehici sampayutto’’ti (dhātu. 244). Upapattibhavo tīhipi tikehi vutto upādinnakkhandhova. Yathāha ‘‘upapattibhavo… kāmabhavo… saññābhavo… pañcavokārabhavo pañcahi khandhehi ekādasahāyatanehi sattarasahi dhātūhi saṅgahito’’tiādi (dhātu. 67). Yadi hi anupādinnakānampi gahaṇaṃ siyā, ‘‘dvādasahi āyatanehi aṭṭhārasahi dhātūhī’’ti vattabbaṃ siyāti. Kāmataṇhāya kāmetabbato kāmanissayatāya bhogā viya, kāmasahacaritatāya ‘‘kuntā pacarantī’’ti viya, kāmārammaṇatāya ‘‘sukhaṃ rūpa’’nti viya, kāmapaccayaṭṭhānatāya ‘‘sukho saggo’’ti viya kāmāti avīciparanimmitavasavattiparicchinnā upādinnakkhandhā vuccanti<a name="V2.0311"></a>. Rūpāvirāgato yaṃ nissitā, tadupacārena ‘‘mañcā ghosantī’’ti viya, ‘‘phandanadevatā’’ti viya ca ‘‘rūpa’’nti vuccanti brahmakāyikākaniṭṭhaparicchinnā upādinnakkhandhā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Rūpameva bhavo <span class="bld">rūpabhavo,</span> tathā arūpanti ākāsānañcāyatanabhavaggaparicchinnā cattāro upādinnakkhandhā vuccanti. Arūpameva bhavo <span class="bld">arūpabhavo</span>. Kāmo eva bhavoti kāmabhavo, so pana yasmā yathāvuttenatthena ‘‘kāmo’’ti vattabbo hoti, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘kāmasaṅkhāto bhavo’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Kāmāvacarasaññito vā bhavo <span class="bld">‘‘kāmasaṅkhāto bhavo’’</span>ti vutto. Tathā rūpārūpabhavoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘esa nayo rūpārūpabhavesū’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Saññāvataṃ bhavo</span>ti ettha vantu-saddassa lopo daṭṭhabbo. Tassa vā atthe akāraṃ katvā ‘‘saññabhavo’’tipi pāṭho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘saññāvā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Vokiṇṇo</span>ti etena vokārasaddassa kammasādhanatamāha. Vokirīyati pasārīyati vitthārīyatīti vokāro, vokiraṇaṃ vā vokāro, so ekasseva khandhassa vasena pavattattā <span class="bld">‘‘eko vokāro’’</span>ti vutto, pasaṭuppattīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para648"></a><span class="paranum">648</span>. Kiñcāpi bhavaniddese ‘‘sabbampi bhavagāmikammaṃ kammabhavo’’ti (vibha. 234) iminā cetanāsampayuttadhammāpi vuttā. <span class="bld">Puññābhisaṅkhārādayovā</span>ti pana avadhāraṇaṃ <a name="M2.0332"></a> paccayadhammavisesepi atthappabhedena saṅkhārabhavaggahaṇesu attheva visesoti dassanatthaṃ kataṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ santepī’’</span>tiādi. Saṅkhārabhavānaṃ dhammabhedato na saṅkhārā eva puna vuttāti <span class="bld">‘‘sātthakamevidaṃ punavacana’’</span>nti etaṃ ayuttanti ce? Na, bhavekadesabhāvena saṅkhārānaṃ bhavoti puna vuttattā. Parena vā dhammavisesaṃ aggahetvā punavacanaṃ coditanti codakābhilāsavasena <span class="bld">‘‘sātthakamevidaṃ punavacana’’</span>nti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para649"></a><span class="paranum">649</span>. Kāmabhavādinibbattakassa kammassa kāmabhavādibhāvo phalavohārena aṭṭhakathāyaṃ vutto. Sahajātaviññāṇassapi paccayabhūtaṃ avijjāhetukaṃ saṅkhāraggahaṇena yaṃ kiñci kammaṃ pubbe vuttaṃ, idha pana ‘‘sabbampi bhavagāmikamma’’nti (vibha. 234) vacanato bhavassa nibbattakaṃ upādānahetukaṃ vipaccanāya katokāsameva bhavoti adhippeto. Yaṃ kāmupādānapaccayā rūpabhavanibbattakaṃ, arūpabhavanibbattakañca kammaṃ karīyati, so kammabhavo, tadabhinibbattā khandhā upapattibhavoti imamatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘esa nayo rūpārūpabhavesū’’</span>ti atidisati. <span class="bld">Dve kāmabhavā</span>ti <a name="V2.0312"></a> kāmakammabhavo, kāmūpapattibhavoti dve kāmabhavā. Evaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘dve rūpabhavā, dve arūpabhavā’’</span>ti etthāpi. Antogadhe hi visuṃ aggahetvā abbhantaragate eva katvā kāmabhavādike kammūpapattibhavavasena duguṇe katvā āha <span class="bld">‘‘cha bhavā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Avisesenā</span>ti upādānavasena bhedaṃ akatvā. Upādānabhedākaraṇeneva ca dvādasappabhedassa saṅgahavasena saṅgahato <span class="bld">‘‘cha bhavā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Anupagammā</span>ti anissāya, anāmasitvāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para650"></a><span class="paranum">650</span>. Gosīlena, kukkurasīlena ca samattena samādinnena gunnaṃ, kukkurānañca sahabyatā vuttāti ‘‘sīlabbatupādānavato jhānabhāvanā na ijjhatī’’ti maññamānā tena rūpārūpabhavā na hontīti keci vadanti. Vakkhamānena pana pakārena paccayabhāvato <span class="bld">‘‘taṃ na gahetabba’’</span>nti āha. Asuddhimagge ca suddhimaggaparāmasanaṃ sīlabbatupādānanti suddhimaggaparāmasanena rūpārūpāvacarajjhānānaṃ nibbattanaṃ na na yujjatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anussavavasenā</span>ti ‘‘setavadhayajjaṃ ālabhate bhūtikāmo’’ti ādinnaanussavavasena, yathā ime manussaloke kāmā samiddhā, evaṃ devaloke <a name="M2.0333"></a> ito samiddhatarāti diṭṭhānusārena vā. Purāṇabhāratasītāharaṇapasubandhavidhiādisavanaṃ <span class="bld">assaddhammassavanaṃ. Ādi</span>-saddena asappurisūpanissayaṃ pubbe ca akatapuññataṃ, attamicchāpaṇidhiñca saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Kāyaduccaritādīnipī</span>ti attano adhippetānaṃ kāmānaṃ anupāyabhūtānipi kāyaduccaritādīni <span class="bld">karoti,</span> cirasaggādiatthaṃ yuddhādivasenāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Sandiṭṭhike vā pana</span> rajjasenāpatiṭṭhānādisaṅgahe <span class="bld">kāme. Tadantogadhā evā</span>ti tasmiṃ duccaritanibbatte, sucaritanibbatte ca kāmabhave antogadhā evāti attho. <span class="bld">Antogadhā</span>ti ca saññābhavapañcavokārabhavānaṃ ekadesena antogadhattā vuttaṃ. Na hi te niravasesā kāmabhave antogadhāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sappabhedassā</span>ti sugatiduggatimanussādippabhedavato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāmāvacarasampattibhave paṭhamadutiyaucchedavādavasena, rūpabhave tatiyaucchedavādavasena, arūpabhave sesaucchedavādavasena ayamattā suucchinno hotīti tadupagaṃ kammaṃ karotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ayaṃ</span> <a name="V2.0313"></a> <span class="bld">attā nāmā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">suucchinno</span>ti sakalavaṭṭadukkhasamucchedena suṭṭhu ucchinno, apunabbhavuppattiko hotīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Kāmāvacarasampattibhave’’</span>ti idaṃ paṭhamadiṭṭhadhammanibbānavādavasena vuttaṃ, sesaṃ itaradiṭṭhadhammanibbānavādavasena. Tattha kiñcāpi <span class="bld">pāḷiyaṃ</span> (dī. ni. 1.93 ādayo) rūpāvacarajjhānavaseneva upari cattāro diṭṭhadhammanibbānavādā āgatā, diṭṭhigatiko pana yaṃ kiñci gahetvā yathā tathā abhinivisatīti arūpabhavaggahaṇaṃ, arūpajjhānānampi vā catutthajhānasaṅgahato arūpabhavaggahaṇaṃ, santasukhatāya vā taṃsamaṅgino sukhitabhāvasāmaññato. <span class="bld">Vigatapariḷāho</span>ti yathābhilāsitavisayūpahārena, pahānena ca vūpasantakāmarāgapariḷāho, diṭṭheva dhamme nibbānappattoti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Suddhimaggaparāmasanavasena pavattitaṃ yaṃ kiñci lokiyaṃ sīlaṃ, jhānañca sīlabbatamicceva idhādhippetanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘idaṃ sīlabbataṃ nāmā’’</span>tiādi. Kamena avatvā sīlabbatupādānassa ante bhavapaccayatāvacanaṃ attavādupādānaṃ viya abhiṇhaṃ asamudācārato, attavādupādānanimittattā ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kammabhave</span>ti <a name="M2.0334"></a> niddhāraṇe bhummaṃ. <span class="bld">Hetupaccayappabhedehī</span>ti ettha maggapaccayo ca vattabbo. Diṭṭhupādānādīni hi sahajātakammabhavassa maggapaccayā hontīti, tasmā tāni sahajātādīsu hetupaccayaṃ apanīya maggapaccayaṃ pakkhipitvā sattadhā paccayā hontīti veditabbāni. Sabbāni pana anantarasamanantaraanantarūpanissayanatthivigatāsevanapaccayehi paccayā honti. Nānantarassa upanissayapaccayena paccayā honti. Kadāci ārammaṇapaccayādināpi, taṃ pana upanissayapaccayeneva saṅgahetvā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vippayuttassa pana upanissayapaccayenevā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Bhavapaccayājātiādipadavitthārakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para651"></a><span class="paranum">651</span>. <span class="bld">Jātītiādīsū</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena ‘‘jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇaṃ sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā sambhavantī’’ti (ma. ni. 3.126; saṃ. ni. 2.1; mahāva. 1; udā. 1; netti. 24) sabbaṃ saṅgaṇhāti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘jātiādīna’’</span>ntiādi. Upapattibhavuppattiyeva <a name="V2.0314"></a> jātīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘na upapattibhavo’’</span>ti. Jāyamānassa pana jāti jātīti upapattibhavopi asati abhāvā jātiyā paccayoti sakkā vattuṃ. Jāyamānarūpapadaṭṭhānatāpi hi rūpajātiyā vuttā ‘‘upacitarūpapadaṭṭhāno upacayo, anuppabandharūpapadaṭṭhānā santatī’’ti (dha. sa. aṭṭha. 641).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Jātānaṃ khandhānaṃ uññātatā, abhimatatā ca <span class="bld">hīnapaṇītatā</span>. Aniṭṭhañhi hīnaṃ, iṭṭhaṃ paṇītaṃ. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena suvaṇṇadubbaṇṇahīnuttamādiṃ saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Yamakānampi sata</span>nti yamakabhāvena nibbattānampi samānānaṃ. <span class="bld">So ca</span> sattānaṃ viseso. Bhinnasantānikassa visesakāraṇassa sabbena sabbaṃ abhāvato <span class="bld">‘‘ajjhattasantāne’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Aññassa kāraṇassa abhāvato</span>ti attasantānagatato aññassa visesakāraṇassa anupalabbhamānattā, sati ca tasmiṃ sabbadā sabbesaṃ abhāvatoti pasaṅgassa dunnivāraṇato kāraṇe avisiṭṭhe phalavisesassa ayujjamānakattā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kammabhavahetukovā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tena tenā</span>ti ñātibyasanādinā jarāmaraṇato aññena dukkhadhammena. Jarāmaraṇanimittañhi uppannā sokādayo jarāmaraṇābhisambandhā, tadaññe anabhisambandhā. <span class="bld">Upanissayakoṭiyā</span>ti upanissayaṃsena, upanissayalesenāti <a name="M2.0335"></a> attho. Yo hi paṭṭhāne anāgato sati bhāvā, asati ca abhāvā suttantapariyāyena upanissayo, so ‘‘upanissayakoṭī’’ti vuccati. Paccayamahāpadeso kireso, yadidaṃ upanissayoti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Bhavacakkakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para652"></a><span class="paranum">652</span>. Na kevalaṃ sokādīnaṃyeva jāti paccayo hoti, sokādīnaṃ pana paccayattā avijjāyapi paccayo evāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yasmā panā’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti paṭiccasamuppādadesanāyaṃ. <span class="bld">Aviditādi mida</span>nti <span class="bld">ma</span>-kāro padasandhikaro. <span class="bld">Satata</span>nti sabbakālaṃ yāva aggamaggādhigamā. <span class="bld">Samita</span>nti saṅgataṃ, abbocchinnanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tesū</span>ti sokādīsu. <span class="bld">Siddhesū</span>ti labbhamānesu. <span class="bld">Siddhā hoti avijjā</span> avinābhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāmayānassā</span>ti <a name="V2.0315"></a> kāmayamānassa, kāmo vā yānaṃ etassāti <span class="bld">kāmayāno,</span> tassa kāmavasena yāyamānassāti attho. <span class="bld">Chandajātassā</span>ti jātataṇhāchandassa. <span class="bld">Parihāyantī</span>ti vigacchanti. <span class="bld">Ruppatī</span>ti sokādinā kuppati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pariyuṭṭhānatāya tiṭṭhanasīlo <span class="bld">pariyuṭṭhānaṭṭhāyī</span>. ‘‘Pariyuṭṭhaṭṭhāyino’’ti vā pāṭho. Tattha pariyuṭṭhātīti pariyuṭṭhaṃ, diṭṭhipariyuṭṭhānaṃ, tena tiṭṭhatīti pariyuṭṭhaṭṭhāyīti attho daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pañca pubbanimittānī</span>ti ‘‘mālā milāyanti, vatthāni kilissanti, kacchehi sedā muccanti, kāye vevaṇṇiyaṃ okkamati, devo devāsane nābhiramatī’’ti (itivu. 83) vuttāni pañca maraṇapubbanimittānīti attho. Tāni hi disvā kammanibbattakkhandhasaṅkhāte upapattibhave bhavacchandabalena devānaṃ balavasoko uppajjatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bālo</span>ti avidvā. Tena avijjāya kāraṇabhāvaṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Tividhaṃ dukkha</span>nti tassāruppakathāsavana, kammakāraṇādassana, maraṇakālakammopaṭṭhānanidānaṃ sokādidukkhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āsave sādhentī</span>ti āsave gamenti bodhentīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="M2.0336"></a> <span class="bld">satī</span>ti evaṃ bhavacakkassa aviditāditāya anādibhāve sati. <span class="bld">Ādimattakathana</span>nti avijjāvasena ādisabbhāvakathanaṃ. Ādi etassa atthīti hi ādimaṃ, bhavacakkaṃ. Tassa bhāvo ādimattaṃ, tassa kathanaṃ ādimattakathanaṃ. Visesanivattiattho vā mattasaddo, sati anādibhāve avijjā ādimhi, majjhe, pariyosāne ca sabbattha siyāti ādimattāya avijjāya kathanaṃ virujjhatīti attho. ‘‘Avijjā padhānā’’ti vatvā tassā padhānabhāvaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘avijjāggahaṇenā’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">avijjāggahaṇenā</span>ti avijjāya uppādanena, appahānena vā, attano santāne sannihitabhāvakaraṇenāti attho. <span class="bld">Kammādīnī</span>ti kammavipākavaṭṭāni. <span class="bld">Palibodhentī</span>ti nānādukkhaparibyūḷhe saṃsāracārake nirodhenti. <span class="bld">Tehī</span>ti kilesakammavipākavaṭṭehi. Vaṭṭassa kāraṇabhāvena padhānattā <span class="bld">‘‘padhānadhammo’’</span>ti avijjā kathitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tato</span> avijjādito. <span class="bld">Brahmādinā</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena pajāpatissarapurisādike saṅgaṇhāti. Vadatīti <a name="V2.0316"></a> <span class="bld">vado,</span> taṃ taṃ hitāhitaṃ pavattāti attho. Vedeti, vediyatīti vā <span class="bld">vedeyyo,</span> sukhādiṃ anubhavati, sabbavisaye vā jānāti, ‘‘sukhito dukkhito’’tiādinā attanā, parehi ca jānāti, ñāyati cāti attho. <span class="bld">Brahmādinā vā attanā vā</span>ti <span class="bld">vā</span>-saddo <span class="bld">ca</span>-saddattho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kārakavedakarahita’’</span>nti ca-saddatthasamāsaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dvādasavidhasuññatāsuñña</span>nti avijjādīnaṃ dvādasannaṃ suññasabhāvānaṃ suññatāya suññaṃ dvādasavidhasuññatāsuññaṃ, dhuvabhāvādisuññatāya vā catubbidhampi suññataṃ ekaṃ katvā dvādasaṅgagatattā dvādasavidhāti tāya dvādasasuññatāya suññanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para653"></a><span class="paranum">653</span>. <span class="bld">Pubbantāharaṇato</span>ti pubbantato atītakoṭṭhāsato paccuppannavipākassa āharaṇato. Vedanāvasānaṃ paricchinnaṃ ekaṃ bhavacakkaṃ hoti. Bhavacakkekadesopi hi bhavacakkanti vuccati. Vedanā vā taṇhāsahāyāya avijjāya paccayo hotīti vedanāto avijjā, avijjāto saṅkhārāti sambajjhanato vedanāvasānaṃ bhavacakkaṃ paripuṇṇamevāti <a name="M2.0337"></a> daṭṭhabbaṃ. Avijjāggahaṇena vā taṇhupādānāni tadavinābhāvato. Saṅkhāraggahaṇena bhavo, viññāṇādiggahaṇena jātijarāmaraṇāni, sokādayo ca gahitāti evampi vedanāvasānaṃ bhavacakkanti yuttamevetaṃ. Evaṃ taṇhāmūlake ca yojetabbaṃ. Dvinnampi hi aññamaññānuppaveso hotīti. Avijjā dhammasabhāvaṃ paṭicchādetvā viparītābhinivesaṃ kārentī diṭṭhicarite saṃsāre nayati, tesaṃ vā saṃsāraṃ saṅkhārādipavattiṃ nayati pavattetīti <span class="bld">saṃsāranāyikā</span> vuttā. Taṇhāya taṇhācaritānaṃ saṃsāranāyikābhāve vattabbameva natthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭhamaṃ</span> bhavacakkaṃ. <span class="bld">Phaluppattiyā</span>ti kattuatthe karaṇavacanaṃ, karaṇatthe eva vā. Viññāṇādipaccuppannaphaluppatti hi idha diṭṭhā, adiṭṭhānaṃ purimabhave attano hetūnaṃ avijjāsaṅkhārānaṃ phalaṃ anuppādetvā anupacchijjanaṃ pakāseti, pakāsanassa vā karaṇaṃ hotīti. Atha vā purimabhavacakkaṃ dutiyena sambandhaṃ vuttanti vedanāsaṅkhātassa phalassa uppattiyā taṇhādīnaṃ hetūnaṃ anupacchedaṃ pakāseti, tasmā phaluppattiyā kāraṇabhūtāya paṭhamassa bhavacakkassa hetūnaṃ anupacchedappakāsanatoti attho. Saṅkhārādīnameva vā phalānaṃ uppattiyā avijjādīnaṃ hetūnaṃ phalaṃ ajanetvā anupacchedameva, viññāṇādihetūnaṃ vā saṅkhārādīnaṃ anuppabandhameva pakāseti paṭhamaṃ bhavacakkaṃ, na dutiyaṃ viya pariyosānampīti <span class="bld">‘‘phaluppattiyā hetūnaṃ</span> <a name="V2.0317"></a> <span class="bld">anupacchedappakāsanato’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Anupubbapavattidīpanatoti</span> ‘‘saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇaṃ, viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpa’’ntiādinā (ma. ni. 3.126; saṃ. ni. 2.1; udā. 1) dhammānaṃ anupubbato pavattiyā dīpanato. ‘‘Viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpa’’nti hi ettha aparipuṇṇāyatanaṃ kalalarūpaṃ vatvā tato uddhaṃ ‘‘nāmarūpapaccayā saḷāyatana’’nti saḷāyatanappavatti vuttā. <span class="bld">Sahuppattidīpanato</span>ti ‘‘upādānapaccayā bhavo, bhavapaccayā jātī’’ti vā upapattikkhandhānaṃ ekajjhaṃ uppattiyā dīpanato. Na hi ettha paṭhame viya bhavacakke āyatanānaṃ kamena uppatti vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para654"></a><span class="paranum">654</span>. Hetuādipubbakā tayo sandhī etassāti <span class="bld">hetuphalahetupubbakatisandhi,</span> bhavacakkaṃ. Hetuphalahetuphalavasena catuppabhedo aṅgānaṃ saṅgaho etassāti <span class="bld">catubhedasaṅgahaṃ</span>. Sarūpato avuttāpi tasmiṃ <a name="M2.0338"></a> tasmiṃ saṅgahe ākirīyanti avijjāsaṅkhārādiggahaṇehi pakāsīyantīti <span class="bld">ākārā</span>. Atītahetuādīnaṃ vā pakārā <span class="bld">ākārā</span>. Kilesakammavipākā vipākakilesakammehi sambandhā hutvā punappunaṃ parivattantīti tesu vaṭṭanāmaṃ āropetvā <span class="bld">‘‘tivaṭṭa’’</span>nti vuttaṃ, vaṭṭekadesattā vā ‘‘vaṭṭānī’’ti vuttāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sandhīnaṃ ādipariyosānavavatthitā</span>ti sandhīnaṃ pubbāparavavatthitāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paritassatī</span>ti taṃ taṃ vatthuṃ pariggahakaraṇavasena tassati, taṇhāyatīti attho. <span class="bld">Upādiyatī</span>ti daḷhagāhaṃ gaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Purimakammabhavasmi</span>nti purimakammabhave sati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tassa ca sabbhāvo kariyamānatā evāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kammabhave kariyamāneti attho’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Dukkhādīsu moho</span>ti dukkhādīnaṃ ādīnavapaṭicchādako appahīno moho. <span class="bld">Āyūhanā</span>ti sampiṇḍanakā dānādikiriyāya pavattanakā. Ekaṃ āvajjanaṃ etesanti ekāvajjanā, tesu <span class="bld">ekāvajjanesu. Sattame</span> cetanā <span class="bld">bhavo. ‘‘Yā kāci vā pana cetanā bhavo, sampayuttā āyūhanā saṅkhārā’’</span>ti idaṃ yathādassitāya dhammaṭṭhitiñāṇabhājanīye vuttāya paṭisambhidāpāḷiyā (paṭi. ma. 1.45) vasena vuttaṃ. Tattha hi ‘‘cetanā bhavo’’ti āgatā. Bhavaniddese pana <span class="bld">‘‘sātthato’’</span>ti ettha ‘‘cetanāva saṅkhārā, bhavo pana cetanāsampayuttāpī’’ti <span class="bld">vibhaṅgapāḷi</span>vasena dassitaṃ. ‘‘Tattha katamo puññābhisaṅkhāro? Kusalā cetanā kāmāvacarā’’tiādinā hi saṅkhārānaṃ <a name="V2.0318"></a> cetanābhāvo <span class="bld">vibhaṅgapāḷiyaṃ</span> (vibha. 226) vutto. Tattha <span class="bld">paṭisambhidāpāḷiyaṃ</span> ‘‘cetanāsampayuttā vipākadhammattā savipākena āyūhanasaṅkhātena saṅkhatābhisaṅkharaṇakiccena saṅkhārā’’ti vuttā. <span class="bld">Vibhaṅgapāḷiyaṃ</span> ‘‘sabbampi bhavagāmikammaṃ kammabhavo’’ti (vibha. 234) bhavassa paccayabhāvena bhavagāmibhāvato, kammasaṃsaṭṭhasahāyatāya kammabhāvato ca upapattibhavaṃ bhāventīti ‘‘bhavo’’ti vuttā. Upapattibhavabhāvanākiccaṃ pana cetanāya sātisayanti paṭisambhidāpāḷiyā cetanā ‘‘bhavo’’ti vuttā. Bhavābhisaṅkharaṇakiccaṃ cetanāya sātisayanti vibhaṅgapāḷiyaṃ ‘‘kusalā cetanā’’tiādinā (vibha. 226) cetanā ‘‘saṅkhārā’’ti vuttā. Tasmā tena tena pariyāyena <a name="M2.0339"></a> ubhayaṃ ubhayattha vattuṃ yuttanti natthettha virodho. <span class="bld">Tassa phale upapattibhave nikāmanā</span>ti ‘‘tassa sutaṃ hoti ‘cātumahārājikā devā dīghāyukā vaṇṇavanto sukhabahulā’ti’’ādisutānusārena bhāvini upapattibhave abhikaṅkhanā. <span class="bld">Gahaṇa</span>nti kāmupādānaṃ kiccenāha. <span class="bld">Parāmasana</span>nti itarāni. <span class="bld">Āyūhanāvasāne</span>ti tīsupi atthavikappesu vuttassa āyūhanassa avasāne.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Idhā</span>ti imasmiṃ paccuppannabhave. Bhavantarassa atītabhavassa iminā paccuppannabhavena paṭisandhānaṃ <span class="bld">bhavantarapaṭisandhānaṃ,</span> bhavantarabhāvena vā paṭisandhānaṃ <span class="bld">bhavantarapaṭisandhānaṃ,</span> tassa vasena. Yaṃ paṭisandhīti vuccati, taṃ viññāṇanti sambandho. Tathā hi viññāṇaṃ ‘‘paṭisandhānapaccupaṭṭhāna’’nti vuccati. <span class="bld">Gabbhe</span>ti mātukucchiyaṃ, gabbhāvatthāyaṃ vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dvīsu atthavikappesu vutte āyūhanasaṅkhāre <span class="bld">‘‘tassa pubbabhāgā’’</span>ti āha, tatiye atthavikappe vutte <span class="bld">‘‘taṃsampayuttā’’</span>ti. Taṃsampayuttā avijjā gahitāva hotīti sambandho. Daharassa cittappavatti bhavaṅgabahulā yebhuyyena bhavantarajanakakammāyūhanasamatthā na hotīti <span class="bld">‘‘idha paṭipakkattā āyatanāna’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Kammakaraṇakāle sammoho dassito’’</span>ti etena kammassa paccayabhūtaṃ sammohaṃ dasseti, na kammasampayuttameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Tattha purimabhavasmiṃ pañca kammasambhārā, etarahi pañca vipākadhammā, etarahi pañca kammasambhārā, anāgate pañca vipākadhammāti dasa dhammā kammaṃ, dasa dhammā vipāko, iti dvīsu ṭhānesu kammaṃ, kammavaṭṭaṃ, dvīsu ṭhānesu vipāko, vipākavaṭṭanti kammasaṅkhepo ca vipākasaṅkhepo <a name="V2.0319"></a> ca, kammabhavo ca vipākabhavo ca kammavaṭṭañca vipākavaṭṭañca, kammapavattañca vipākapavattañca, kammasantati ca vipākasantati ca, kiriyā ceva kiriyāphalañcāti –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Evaṃ samuppannamidaṃ sahetukaṃ,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Dukkhaṃ aniccaṃ calamittaraddhuvaṃ;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Dhammehi dhammā pabhavanti hetuso,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Na hettha attāva parova vijjati.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Dhammā dhamme sañjanenti, hetusambhārapaccayā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Hetūnañca nirodhāya, dhammo buddhena desito.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Hetūsu <a name="M2.0340"></a> uparuddhesu, chinnaṃ vaṭṭaṃ na vaṭṭati;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Evaṃ dukkhantakiriyāya, brahmacariyidha vijjati;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Satte ca nupalabbhante, nevucchedo na sassata’’nti. (vibha. aṭṭha. 242);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha kammāneva vipākaṃ sambharanti vaḍḍhentīti <span class="bld">kammasambhārā,</span> kammaṃ vā saṅkhārabhavā, tadupakārakāni avijjātaṇhupādānāni <span class="bld">kammasambhārā</span>. Paṭisandhidāyako vā bhavo kammaṃ, tadūpakārakā yathāvuttā āyūhanasaṅkhārā, avijjādayo ca <span class="bld">kammasambhārā</span>ti kammañca kammasambhārā ca <span class="bld">kammasambhārā</span>ti ekasesavasena kammasambhāraggahaṇaṃ veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Dasa dhammā kamma</span>nti avijjādayopi kammasahāyatāya kammasarikkhakā, tadūpakārā cāti ‘‘kamma’’nti vuttā. Saṅkhippanti ettha avijjādayo, viññāṇādayo cāti <span class="bld">saṅkhepo,</span> kammaṃ, vipāko ca. ‘‘Kammaṃ vipāko’’ti evaṃ saṅkhipīyatīti vā <span class="bld">saṅkhepo,</span> avijjādayo, viññāṇādayo ca. Saṅkhepabhāvasāmaññena pana ekavacanaṃ katanti daṭṭhabbaṃ, saṅkhepasaddo vā bhāgādhivacananti kammabhāgo <span class="bld">kammasaṅkhepo</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evaṃ samuppanna</span>nti kammatopi vipāko. Tatthāpi ‘‘avijjāto saṅkhārā’’ti evaṃ samuppannaṃ, tisandhiādivasena vā samuppannaṃ idaṃ bhavacakkanti attho. <span class="bld">Ittara</span>nti gamanadhammaṃ, vinassadhammanti <a name="V2.0320"></a> attho. Tena uppādavayavantatādīpakena <span class="bld">anicca</span>saddena, vikārāpattidīpakena <span class="bld">cala</span>saddena ca adīpitaṃ kālantaraṭṭhāyitābhāvaṃ vibhāveti. <span class="bld">Addhuva</span>nti etena thirabhāvābhāvanissārataṃ. Hetu eva sambhārā <span class="bld">hetusambhārā</span>. ‘‘Ṭhānaso hetuso’’ti (kathā. 355; paṭi. ma. 1.44) ettha evaṃ vuttaṃ vā ṭhānaṃ, aññampi tassa tassa sādhāraṇaṃ kāraṇaṃ <span class="bld">sambhāro,</span> asādhāraṇaṃ <span class="bld">hetu. Eva</span>nti evaṃ hetuto dhammamattasambhave, hetunirodhā ca vaṭṭacchede dhamme ca taṃnirodhāya desite satīti attho. Brahmacariyaṃ idha <span class="bld">brahmacariyidha satte cā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">ca</span>-saddo ‘‘evaṃ brahmacariyañca vijjati, sassatucchedā ca na hontī’’ti samuccayattho. Evañhi hetuāyatte dhammamattasambhave satto nupalabbhati, tasmiñca upalabbhante sassato, ucchedo vā siyāti nupalabbhante tasmiṃ neva ucchedo na sassatanti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para655"></a><span class="paranum">655</span>. <span class="bld">Saccappabhavato</span>ti saccato, saccānaṃ vā pabhavato ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kusalākusalaṃ</span> <a name="M2.0341"></a> <span class="bld">kamma</span>nti vaṭṭakathāya vattamānattā sāsavanti viññāyati. <span class="bld">Avisesenā</span>ti ‘‘cetanā cetanāsampayuttakā’’ti visesaṃ akatvā, sabbampi taṃ kusalākusalaṃ kammaṃ samudayasaccanti vuttanti attho. ‘‘Taṇhā ca…pe… avasesā ca sāsavā kusalā dhammā’’ti (vibha. 208-210) hi cetanācetanāsampayuttavisesaṃ akatvā vuttanti, ariyasaccavisesaṃ vā akatvā samudayasaccanti vuttanti attho. <span class="bld">Saccavibhaṅge</span> hi sabbepi kilesā sabbampi bhavagāmikammaṃ ‘‘samudayasacca’’nti vuttaṃ. Dutiyasaccaṃ pabhavo etassāti <span class="bld">dutiyasaccapabhavaṃ</span>. Upādānapaccayā bhavoti upapattibhavassa, kammabhavassa ca adhippetattā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘paṭhamadutiyasaccadvaya’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para656"></a><span class="paranum">656</span>. <span class="bld">Vatthūsū</span>ti ārammaṇesu, dukkhādīsu vā paṭicchādetabbesu vatthūsu. <span class="bld">Sammohetī</span>ti dhammasabhāvaṃ jānituṃ paṭivijjhituṃ adentī tassa paṭicchādanavasena sammoheti. <span class="bld">Vatthu</span>nti idha ārammaṇaṃ adhippetaṃ. <span class="bld">Aññamaññañca upatthambheti</span> aññamaññasannissayena vinā ṭhātuṃ asakkontā dve naḷakalāpā viya. <span class="bld">Savisaye</span>ti yathāsakaṃ visaye rūpāyatanādike. Jāyamānānaṃ khandhānaṃ vikārabhāvena labbhamānā jāti te janentī viya hotīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘khandhe ca janetī’’</span>ti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tesaṃ abhinibbattibhāvena pavattattā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Pākabhedabhāvañca adhitiṭṭhatī</span>ti etthāpi ‘‘khandhe janetī’’ti ettha vuttanayeneva attho gahetabbo. Pākabhedavasena vattaticceva attho<a name="V2.0321"></a>. Paccatīti pāko, bhijjatīti bhedo, pāko ca bhedo ca <span class="bld">pākabhedaṃ,</span> tassa bhāvaṃ paccanaṃ, bhijjanañcāti attho. <span class="bld">Sokādīnaṃ adhiṭṭhānattā</span>ti tesaṃ kāraṇattā, tehi siddhāya avijjāya sahitehi saṅkhārehi paccayo ca hoti bhavantarapātubhāvāyāti adhippāyo. Cuticittaṃ vā paṭisandhiviññāṇassa anantarapaccayo hotīti <span class="bld">‘‘paccayo ca hoti bhavantarapātubhāvāyā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Taṃ pana cuticittaṃ avijjāsaṅkhārarahitaṃ bhavantarassa paccayo na hotīti sasahāyattadassanatthamāha <span class="bld">‘‘sokādīnaṃ adhiṭṭhānattā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Dvedhā</span>ti attano attano sarasena, dhammantarapaccayabhāvena cāti dvedhā dvedhā. Byāpanicchālopena hi niddeso.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para657"></a><span class="paranum">657</span>. <span class="bld">‘‘Avijjāpaccayā</span> <a name="M2.0342"></a> <span class="bld">saṅkhārā’’</span>ti etena saṅkhārānaṃ paccayuppannatādassanena ‘‘ko nu kho abhisaṅkharotīti esa no kallo pañho’’ti dasseti, tenetaṃ kārakadassananivāraṇaṃ. Attā bhavato bhavantaraṃ saṅkamatīti dassanaṃ <span class="bld">attasaṅkantidassanaṃ,</span> taṃ saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇuppattivacanena nivāritaṃ hoti. Pañcannaṃ khandhānaṃ abhedato eko attāti gahaṇaṃ <span class="bld">ghanasaññā,</span> taṃ yamakatālakandaṃ bhindantena viya ‘‘viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpamattameta’’nti vacanena nivāritaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">‘‘Evamādidassananivāraṇa’’</span>nti etena ‘‘socati paridevati dukkhito’’tiādidassananivāraṇamāha. Sokādayopi hi paccayāyattā avasavattinoti ‘‘jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇaṃ soka…pe… sambhavantī’’ti (ma. ni. 3.126; saṃ. ni. 2.1; udā. 1) etena vuttamevāti. <span class="bld">Micchādassananivāraṇatopī</span>ti kārakadassanādinānāvidhamicchābhinivesanivāraṇatopi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para658"></a><span class="paranum">658</span>. <span class="bld">‘‘Salakkhaṇasāmaññalakkhaṇavasenā’’</span>ti etena sabbappakārena dhammānaṃ yāthāvato adassanamāha tadubhayavinimuttassa dhammesu paramatthato passitabbabhāvassa abhāvato. <span class="bld">Upakkhalanaṃ viya</span> dukkhuppattihetuto. <span class="bld">Patanaṃ viya</span> bhavantarapapātato. <span class="bld">Gaṇḍapātubhāvo viya</span> dukkhatāsūlayogato, kilesāsucipaggharaṇato ca. <span class="bld">Gaṇḍabhedapīḷakā viyā</span>ti bhedanatthaṃ paccamāne gaṇḍe tassa upari jāyamānā khuddakapīḷakā viya, gaṇḍassa vā anekadhābhede pīḷakā viya. <span class="bld">Ghaṭṭanaṃ viya</span> saṅghaṭṭanarasatāya phasso. <span class="bld">Ghaṭṭanadukkhaṃ viyā</span>ti ghaṭṭanato jātaṃ dukkhaṃ viya tividhadukkhatāvasena tissannampi vedanānaṃ dukkhabhāvato. <span class="bld">Paṭikārābhilāso viyā</span>ti samudāyassa ekadesanidassanabhāvenāha. <span class="bld">Asappāyaggahaṇaṃ viya</span> bahuvidhānatthuppattinimittato. <span class="bld">Asappāyalepanaṃ viya</span> dukkhahetuno sasantāne sannidhāpanato. <span class="bld">Gaṇḍavikārapātubhāvo viya</span> attabhāvagaṇḍassa nibbattivikārabhāvato<a name="V2.0322"></a>, tannimittañcassa sūnabhāvādisambhavato. Sūnatāsarāgapubbaggahaṇādayo hi <span class="bld">gaṇḍavikārā</span>. Sarasato gaṇḍassa bhijjanaṃ pākena vinā na hotīti bhedaggahaṇenevassa pākopi gahitoti katvā āha <span class="bld">‘‘gaṇḍabhedo viya jarāmaraṇa’’</span>nti. Gaṇḍassa vā visadisāpatti, bhijjanañca <span class="bld">gaṇḍabhedo,</span> tattha visadisāpatti pākoti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Upamāhi <a name="M2.0343"></a> bhavacakkaṃ viññāpentena ekādhiṭṭhānehi upamāvisesehi taṃ viññāpetvā idāni nānādhiṭṭhānehi viññāpetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yasmā vā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha paṭalābhibhūtacakkhuko rūpāni na passati, kiñci passantopi viparītaṃ passati, evaṃ avijjābhibhūto dukkhādīni na paṭipajjati na passati, micchā vā paṭipajjatīti <span class="bld">paṭalaṃ viya avijjā. Kosakārakimi viya</span> attanāva katattā, vaṭṭassa attano eva paribbhamanakāraṇattā ca <span class="bld">kosappadesā viya saṅkhārā</span>. Saṅkhārapariggahaṃ vinā patiṭṭhaṃ alabhamānaṃ <span class="bld">viññāṇaṃ</span> pariṇāyakapariggahaṃ vinā patiṭṭhaṃ alabhamāno <span class="bld">rājakumāro viyā</span>ti pariggahena vinā patiṭṭhālābho ettha upamopameyyasāmaññaṃ. <span class="bld">Upapattinimitta</span>nti kammādiārammaṇamāha. <span class="bld">Parikappanato</span>ti ārammaṇakaraṇato, sampayuttena vā vitakkena vitakkanato. Devamanussamigavihaṅgādivividhappakāratāya <span class="bld">māyā viya nāmarūpaṃ</span>. Patiṭṭhāvisesena vuddhivisesāpattito <span class="bld">vanappagumbo viya saḷāyatanaṃ</span>. Āyatanānaṃ visayivisayabhūtānaṃ aññamaññābhimukhabhāvo <span class="bld">āyatanaghaṭṭanaṃ</span>. Tato āyatanaghaṭṭanato dvayasaṅghaṭṭanuppattito, vedanādukkhahetuto ca <span class="bld">aggi viya phasso</span>. Sapariḷāhato <span class="bld">dāho viya vedanā</span>. Uparūpari taṇhāpavaḍḍhanato loṇūdakapānaṃ viya visayānubhavanaṃ. Ārammaṇe pātukamyatābhāvato <span class="bld">pipāsā viya taṇhā. Tadassupādāna</span>nti taṃ abhilāsakaraṇaṃ taṇhādiṭṭhābhinandanaṃ assa taṃsamaṅgino puggalassa, tadassa vā bhaveyya upādānaṃ. Byasanāvahatāya ajānanato bhavupādānaṃ macchassa baḷisupādānaṃ viya. Ettha ca saṅkhārādīnaṃ kosappadesapariṇāyakādīhi dvīhi dvīhi sadisatāya dve dve upamā vuttāti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para659"></a><span class="paranum">659</span>. Koci agambhīro eva gambhīro viya khāyati purāṇatiṇapaṇṇādibharito pabbatasaṅkhepe jalāsayo viya, na evamayaṃ. Ayaṃ pana gambhīrova hutvā obhāsati pakāsati dissatīti <span class="bld">gambhīrāvabhāso. Yathāraha</span>nti atthādivasena yathānurūpaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Jātito jarāmaraṇaṃ na na hoti, hoti evāti avadhāraṇe siddhe ‘‘siyā nu kho jarāmaraṇaṃ <a name="V2.0323"></a> jātito, aññatopī’’ti āsaṅkāyaṃ tadāsaṅkānivattanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘na ca jātiṃ vinā aññato hotī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Tattha aññaggahaṇaṃ jātiyā paṭiyogīvisayaṃ, na aññamattavisayaṃ <a name="M2.0344"></a> ‘‘jātiṃ vinā’’ti vacanato. Tenassa nāññaṃ jātiyā sahakārīkāraṇabhūtaṃ nivattitaṃ hoti. Esa nayo ito paresupi. <span class="bld">Ittha</span>nti idaṃ pakāraṃ, iminā pakārenāti attho. <span class="bld">Jātipaccayasambhūtasamudāgataṭṭho</span>ti jātipaccayasambhūtaṃ hutvā sahitassa attano paccayānurūpassa uddhaṃ uddhaṃ āgatabhāvo, anuppavattaṭṭhoti attho. Atha vā sambhūtaṭṭho ca samudāgataṭṭho ca <span class="bld">sambhūtasamudāgataṭṭho</span>. ‘‘Na jātito jarāmaraṇaṃ na hoti, na ca jātiṃ vinā aññato hotī’’ti hi jātipaccayasambhūtaṭṭho vutto. <span class="bld">Itthañca jātito samudāgacchatī</span>ti jātipaccayasamudāgataṭṭho, yā yā jāti yathā yathā paccayo hoti, tadanurūpapātubhāvoti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha ‘‘na jātito jarāmaraṇaṃ na hotī’’ti iminā jarāmaraṇassa jātipaccayatāya avitathataṃ dasseti, ‘‘na jātiṃ vinā aññato jarāmaraṇaṃ hotī’’ti iminā anaññathattaṃ, ‘‘itthañca jātito samudāgacchatī’’ti iminā tathataṃ. Tena ca yathā paccayadhammā attano paccayuppannānaṃ paccayabhāve, tathā avitathā anaññathā, evaṃ paccayuppannadhammāpi tabbhāveti dasseti. Esa nayo sesesupi. ‘‘Hetuphale ñāṇaṃ atthapaṭisambhidā’’ti etena vacanena atthassa hetuphalabhāvo kathaṃ ñātabboti? ‘‘Atthapaṭisambhidā’’ti etassa samāsapadassa avayavapadatthaṃ dassentena ‘‘hetuphale ñāṇa’’nti vuttattā. ‘‘Atthe paṭisambhidā atthapaṭisambhidā’’ti ettha hi ‘‘atthe’’ti etassa atthaṃ dassentena ‘‘hetuphale’’ti vuttaṃ, ‘‘paṭisambhidā’’ti etassa atthaṃ dassentena ‘‘ñāṇa’’nti, tasmā hetuphalaatthasaddā ekatthā, ñāṇapaṭisambhidā cāti imamatthaṃ vadantena sādhito atthassa hetuphalabhāvo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yenākārenā</span>ti yena pavattiākārena. Sabhāvadhammā hi paccayavisesasiddhena pavattiākārena visiṭṭhākārā honti. Tenāha ‘‘sabbe dhammā sabbākārena buddhassa bhagavato ñāṇamukhe āpāthamāgacchantī’’ti (mahāni. 156; cūḷani. mogharājamāṇavapucchāniddesa 85). <span class="bld">Yadavatthā</span>ti yāya avatthāya avatthitā. Avatthāvisesavanto hi dhammā tena tena avatthāvisesena taṃ taṃ atthakiccaṃ sādhetuṃ samatthā honti. Svāyaṃ pavattiākāro, avatthāviseso ca avijjāyapi anupacitakusalasambhārehi duravabodhato eva ñāṇena alabbhaneyyapatiṭṭho <a name="M2.0345"></a><a name="V2.0324"></a> cāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tassa…pe… gambhīro’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tassa</span> ākārassa, avatthāya ca. <span class="bld">Hetumhi ñāṇa</span>nti ettha hetuno dhammapariyāyatā vuttanayeneva veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Assā</span>ti paṭiccasamuppādassa. <span class="bld">Tena tena kāraṇenā</span>ti tena tena veneyyānaṃ bujjhanānuguṇatāsaṅkhātena kāraṇena. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti tasmiṃ desanappakāre. <span class="bld">Anulomapaṭilomato</span>ti nayidha paccayuppādā paccayuppannuppādasaṅkhātaṃ anulomaṃ, paccayanirodhā paccayuppannanirodhasaṅkhātañca paṭilomamāha. Ādito pana antagamanamanulomaṃ, antato ca ādigamanaṃ paṭilomamāha. Ādito paṭṭhāya anulomadesanāya, antato paṭṭhāya paṭilomadesanāya ca <span class="bld">tisandhicatusaṅkhepaṃ</span>. ‘‘Ime cattāro āhārā kiṃnidānā’’tiādikāya (saṃ. ni. 2.11) vemajjhato paṭṭhāya paṭilomadesanāya, ‘‘cakkhuñca paṭicca rūpe ca uppajjati cakkhuviññāṇaṃ, tiṇṇaṃ saṅgati phasso, phassapaccayā vedanā’’tiādikāya (ma. ni. 1.204, 400; ma. ni. 3.421, 425-426; saṃ. ni. 2.43-45; 2.4.60; kathā. 465, 467) anulomadesanāya ca <span class="bld">dvisandhitisaṅkhepaṃ</span>. ‘‘Saṃyojanīyesu, bhikkhave, dhammesu assādānupassino viharato taṇhā pavaḍḍhati, taṇhāpaccayā upādāna’’ntiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 2.53, 57) <span class="bld">ekasandhidvisaṅkhepaṃ</span>. Katthaci ekaṅgopi ca paṭiccasamuppādo desito, so ‘‘tatra, bhikkhave, sutavā ariyasāvako’’tiādinā (saṃ. ni. 2.62) dassito eva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Avijjādīnaṃ sabhāvo paṭivijjhīyatīti <span class="bld">paṭivedho</span>. Vuttaṃ hetaṃ <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> ‘‘tesaṃ tesaṃ vā tattha tattha vuttadhammānaṃ paṭivijjhitabbo salakkhaṇasaṅkhāto aviparītasabhāvo paṭivedho’’ti (dha. sa. aṭṭha. nidānakathā). Jānanalakkhaṇassa ñāṇassa paṭipakkhabhūto avijjāya <span class="bld">aññāṇaṭṭho</span>. Ārammaṇassa paccakkhakaraṇena dassanabhūtassa paṭipakkhabhūto <span class="bld">adassanaṭṭho</span>. Yena panesā dukkhādīnaṃ yāthāvasarasaṃ paṭivijjhituṃ na deti, chādetvā pariyonandhitvā tiṭṭhati, so tassā <span class="bld">saccāsampaṭivedhaṭṭho</span>. Apuññābhisaṅkhārekadeso <span class="bld">sarāgo,</span> añño <span class="bld">virāgo</span>. Rāgassa vā apaṭipakkhabhāvato rāgapavaḍḍhako apuññābhisaṅkhāro sabbopi <span class="bld">sarāgo,</span> itaro <a name="M2.0346"></a> tappaṭipakkhabhāvato <span class="bld">virāgo</span>. ‘‘Dīgharattaṃ hetaṃ, bhikkhave, assutavato puthujjanassa ajjhositaṃ mamāyitaṃ parāmaṭṭhaṃ ‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’’ti (saṃ. ni. 2.62) attaparāmāsassa viññāṇaṃ visesato vatthu vuttanti viññāṇassa <span class="bld">suññataṭṭho</span> gambhīro. Attā vijānāti saṃsaratīti sabyāpāratāsaṅkanti abhinivesabalavatāya <span class="bld">abyāpāraṭṭhaasaṅkantipaṭisandhipātubhāvaṭṭhā</span> <a name="V2.0325"></a> ca gambhīrā. <span class="bld">Nāmarūpassa</span> paṭisandhikkhaṇe <span class="bld">ekuppādo,</span> pavattiyaṃ visuṃ visuṃ yathārahaṃ <span class="bld">ekuppādo,</span> nāmassa rūpena, rūpassa ca nāmena asampayogato <span class="bld">vinibbhogo,</span> nāmassa nāmena, rūpassa ca rūpena, ekaccassa ekaccena <span class="bld">avinibbhogo</span> yojetabbo. Ekuppādekanirodhe hi avinibbhoge adhippete so rūpassa ca ekakalāpavuttino labbhati. Atha vā ekacatuvokārabhavesu nāmarūpānaṃ asahavattanato aññamaññavinibbhogo, pañcavokārabhave sahavattanato avinibbhogo ca veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Adhipatiyaṭṭho</span> nāma idha indriyapaccayabhāvo. ‘‘Lokopeso dvārāpesā khettampeta’’nti (dha. sa. 598-599) vuttā <span class="bld">lokādiatthā</span> cakkhādīsu pañcasu yojetabbā. Manāyatanassāpi lujjanato, manosamphassādīnaṃ dvārakhettabhāvato ca ete atthā sambhavanti eva. Āpāthagatānaṃ rūpādīnaṃ pakāsanayogyatālakkhaṇaṃ obhāsanaṃ cakkhādīnaṃ <span class="bld">visayibhāvo,</span> manāyatanassa vijānanaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṅghaṭṭanaṭṭho</span> visesato cakkhusamphassādīnaṃ pañcannaṃ, itare channampi yojetabbā. Phusanañca phassassa sabhāvo, saṅghaṭṭanaṃ raso, itare upaṭṭhānākārā. <span class="bld">Ārammaṇarasānubhavanaṭṭho</span> rasavasena vutto, <span class="bld">vedayitaṭṭho</span> lakkhaṇavasena. Sukhadukkhamajjhattabhāvā yathākkamaṃ tissannaṃ vedanānaṃ sabhāvavasena vuttā. Attā vedayatīti abhinivesassa balavatāya <span class="bld">nijjīvaṭṭho</span> vedanāya gambhīro. Nijjīvāya vā vedanāya vedayitaṃ nijjīvavedayitaṃ, nijjīvavedayitameva attho <span class="bld">nijjīvavedayitaṭṭho</span>. Sappītikataṇhāya <span class="bld">abhinanditaṭṭho,</span> balavatarataṇhāya gilitvā pariniṭṭhāpanaṃ <span class="bld">ajjhosānaṭṭho</span>. Itaro sādhāraṇavasena veditabbo. <span class="bld">Ādānaggahaṇābhinivesaṭṭhā</span> catunnampi upādānānaṃ samānā, <span class="bld">parāmāsaṭṭho</span> vutto diṭṭhupādānādīnameva, tathā <span class="bld">duratikkamaṭṭho</span>. ‘‘Diṭṭhikantāro’’ti (dha. sa. 392) hi vacanato diṭṭhīnaṃ duratikkamatā, daḷhaggahaṇattā <a name="M2.0347"></a> vā catunnampi <span class="bld">duratikkamaṭṭho</span> yojetabbo. Duratikkamatāyapi hi taṇhāya <span class="bld">samuddaṭṭho</span> vutto. <span class="bld">Yonigatiṭhitinivāsesukhipana</span>nti samāse bhummavacanassa alopo daṭṭhabbo. Evañhi tena āyūhanābhisaṅkharaṇapadānaṃ samāso hoti. Jarāmaraṇaṅgaṃ maraṇappadhānanti maraṇaṭṭhā eva <span class="bld">khayādayo</span> gambhīrāti dassitā. Navanavānañhi khayena khaṇḍiccādiparipakkappavatti jarāti, khayaṭṭho vā jarāya vuttoti daṭṭhabbo. Navabhāvāpagamo hi khayoti vattuṃ yuttoti. <span class="bld">Vipariṇāmaṭṭho</span> dvinnampi. Santativasena vā jarāya khayavayabhāvo, sammutikhaṇikavasena maraṇassa bhedavipariṇāmatā yojetabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para660"></a><span class="paranum">660</span>. <span class="bld">Atthanayā</span>ti atthānaṃ nayā, avijjādiatthehi ekattādī sakena bhāvena nayanti gamentīti <a name="V2.0326"></a> ekattādayo, tesaṃ nayāti vuttā. Nīyantīti hi nayāti. Atthā eva vā ekattādibhāvena nīyamānā ñāyamānā <span class="bld">atthanayā</span>ti vuttā. Nīyanti etehīti vā nayā, ekattādīhi ca atthā ‘‘eka’’ntiādinā nīyanti, tasmā ekattādayo atthānaṃ nayāti <span class="bld">atthanayā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aṅkurādibhāvenā</span>ti aṅkurapattanāḷakhandhasākhāpallavapalāsādibhāvena pavattamāne avayave ekajjhaṃ gahetvā santānānupacchedena bījaṃ rukkhabhāvaṃ pattaṃ rukkhabhāvena pavattaṃ tañca ekattena vuccatīti <span class="bld">santānānupacchedo</span> yathā ekattaṃ, evaṃ idhāpi avijjāsaṅkhārādihetuhetusamuppannānaṃ santānānupacchedo ekasantatipatitatā <span class="bld">ekattanayo</span>ti dasseti. <span class="bld">‘‘Hetuphalasambandhenā’’</span>ti etena santānānupacchedaṃ vibhāveti. Satipi hi hetuphalānaṃ paramatthato bhede hetubhāvena, phalabhāvena ca tesaṃ sambandhabhāvoyevettha <span class="bld">santānānupacchedo,</span> yato yasmiṃ santāne kammaṃ nibbattaṃ, tattheva phaluppattīti katassa vināso, akatassa abbhāgamo ca natthīti. <span class="bld">Ekattaggahaṇato</span>ti hetuphalānaṃ bhedaṃ anupadhāretvā hetuṃ, phalañca abhinnaṃ katvā ubhinnaṃ ekabhāvassa abhedassa gahaṇena. ‘‘Tadeva viññāṇaṃ sandhāvati saṃsaratī’’tiādinā <span class="bld">sassatadiṭṭhiṃ upādiyati</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Lakkhaṇavavatthāna</span>nti sabhāvavavatthānaṃ hetuno, phalassa ca bhinnasabhāvatāvabodho. <span class="bld">Bhinnasantānassevā</span>ti sambandharahitassa nānattassa gahaṇato <a name="M2.0348"></a> añño mato, añño jāto, tasmā ‘‘sattantaro ucchinno, sattantaro uppanno’’ti gaṇhanto <span class="bld">ucchedadiṭṭhiṃ upādiyati</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Amhehi uppādetabbanti ānetvā sambandho. <span class="bld">Byāpārābhāvo</span> anabhisandhitāya abyāvaṭatā. <span class="bld">Sammā passanto</span>ti ‘‘nirīhā nijjīvā dhammamattā’’ti passanto. Sabhāvo eva niyamo <span class="bld">sabhāvaniyamo</span> ‘‘sasambhāraggino uddhamukhatā, sasambhāravāyuno tiriyagamana’’nti evamādi viya. Tena siddho yathāsakaṃ paccayuppannassa <span class="bld">hetubhāvo</span>. ‘‘Kassaci kattuno abhāvā na kāci kiriyā phalapabandhinī’’ti <span class="bld">akiriyadiṭṭhiṃ upādiyati</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Khīrato dadhi, na udakato, tilato telaṃ, na vālikato’’ti sabbato sabbasambhavābhāvadassanena <span class="bld">ahetukadiṭṭhiṃ</span> hetuanurūpameva phalaṃ passanto <span class="bld">akiriyadiṭṭhiṃ pajahati. Yato kutocī</span>ti yadi aññasmā aññassa uppatti siyā, vālikato telassa, ucchuto khīrassa <a name="V2.0327"></a> kasmā uppatti na siyā, tasmā na koci kassaci hetu atthīti <span class="bld">ahetukadiṭṭhiṃ,</span> avijjamānepi hetumhi niyatatāya tilagāvīsukkasoṇitādīhi telakhīrasarīrādīni pavattantīti <span class="bld">niyativādañca upādiyatī</span>ti viññātabbaṃ yathārahaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para661"></a><span class="paranum">661</span>. Kasmā? Yasmā idañhi bhavacakkaṃ apadāletvā saṃsārabhayamatīto na koci supinantarepi atthīti sambandho. <span class="bld">Agādhaṃ</span> appatiṭṭhaṃ <span class="bld">duratiyānaṃ</span> duratikkamaṃ. <span class="bld">Asanivicakkamivā</span>ti asanimaṇḍalamiva. Tañhi nimmathanameva, nānimmathanaṃ pavattati, evaṃ bhavacakkampi ekantadukkhuppādanatova <span class="bld">‘‘niccanimmathana’’</span>nti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ñāṇāsinā apadāletvā saṃsārabhayamatīto natthīti etassa sādhakasuttaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘vuttampi ceta’’</span>ntiādimāha. Tantūnaṃ ākulakaṃ tantākulakaṃ, tantākulakamiva jātā <span class="bld">tantākulakajātā,</span> kilesakammavipākehi ativiya jaṭitāti attho. Kuliyā sakuṇiyā nīḍaṃ kulikaṃ, taṃ viya jātā <span class="bld">kulikuṇḍikajātā</span>. Muñcā viya, pabbajā viya ca bhūtā jātā <span class="bld">muñjapabbajabhūtā</span>. Tadubhayaṃ <a name="M2.0349"></a> kira tiṇaṃ ākulaṃ jaṭitaṃ hutvā vaḍḍhati. Vaḍḍhiyā abhāvato <span class="bld">apāyaṃ,</span> dukkhagatibhāvato <span class="bld">duggatiṃ,</span> sukhasamussayato vinipatitattā <span class="bld">vinipātañca,</span> catubbidhaṃ apāyaṃ ‘‘khandhānañca paṭipāṭī’’tiādinā (visuddhi. 2.619; dī. ni. aṭṭha. 2.95 āpasādanāvaṇṇanā; saṃ. ni. aṭṭha. 2.2.60; a. ni. aṭṭha. 2.4.199; vibha. aṭṭha. 226 saṅkhārapadaniddesa; dha. sa. aṭṭha. nidānakathā; su. ni. aṭṭha. 2.523; udā. aṭṭha. 39; itivu. aṭṭha. 14, 58; theragā. aṭṭha. 1.67, 99; paṭi. ma. aṭṭha. 2.1.117; cūḷani. aṭṭha. 6; bu. vaṃ. aṭṭha. 2.58) vuttaṃ <span class="bld">saṃsārañca nātivattati</span>. Saṃsāro eva vā sabbo idha vaḍḍhiapagamādiatthehi apāyādināmako vutto kevalaṃ dukkhakkhandhabhāvato.</p>
<p class="centered">Paññābhūminiddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti sattarasamaparicchedavaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="chapter">18. Diṭṭhivisuddhiniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">Nāmarūpapariggahakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para662"></a><span class="paranum">662</span>. Yā <a name="M2.0350"></a><a name="V2.0328"></a> visuddhiyo sampādetabbāti sambandho. <span class="bld">Imesu</span> yathāvicāritesu khandhādīsu vipassanāya <span class="bld">bhūmibhūtesu dhammesu</span>. Ganthassa uggaṇhanaṃ vācuggatakaraṇaṃ <span class="bld">uggaho,</span> parito sabbathāpi atthassa ñātumicchā <span class="bld">paripucchā,</span> savanupaparikkhādivasena tadatthassa manasikāravidhi, tadubhayavasena yasmā tatthapi ñāṇaṃ svāsevitaṃ hoti, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘uggahaparipucchāvasena ñāṇaparicayaṃ katvā’’</span>ti, khandhādīsu sutamayaṃ ñāṇaṃ uppādetvāti attho. <span class="bld">Vitthāritameva,</span> tasmā tattha vitthāritanayānusārena sīlavisuddhi sampādetabbāti adhippāyo. Upacārasamādhipi appanāsamādhi viya vipassanāya adhiṭṭhānabhāvato cittavisuddhiyevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘saupacārā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Veditabbā</span>ti attano santāne nibbattanavaseneva veditabbā. Evañhi tā paccakkhato viditā nāma honti, tasmā veditabbā sampādetabbāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Veditabbā</span>ti vā samāpattisukhādhigamavasena anubhavitabbāti attho. Na hi kevalena jānanamattena cittavisuddhiyaṃ patiṭṭhito nāma hoti, na ca tattha apatiṭṭhāya uparivisuddhiṃ sampādetuṃ sakkāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nāmarūpānaṃ yāthāvadassana</span>nti nāmassa, rūpassa ca vibhajja yathābhūtasabhāvadassanaṃ. Nāmaggahaṇena cettha vedanādīnaṃ catunnaṃ tebhūmakānaṃ khandhānaṃ gahaṇaṃ, na ‘‘viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpa’’nti ettha viya viññāṇaṃ vinā, nāpi ‘‘nāmañca rūpañcā’’ti (dī. ni. 3.304, 352; dha. sa. dukamātikā 109) ettha viya sanibbānehi lokuttarakkhandhehi saddhinti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para663"></a><span class="paranum">663</span>. Yāti pajjati etenāti yānaṃ, samathova yānaṃ samathayānaṃ, taṃ etassa atthīti samathayāniko. Jhāne, jhānūpacāre vā patiṭṭhāya vipassanaṃ anuyuñjantassetaṃ nāmaṃ, tena <span class="bld">samathayānikena</span><a name="V2.0329"></a>. <span class="bld">‘‘Ṭhapetvā nevasaññānāsaññāyatana’’</span>nti idaṃ bhavaggadhammānaṃ ādikammikassa duppariggahatāya vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Lakkhaṇarasādivasena pariggahetabbā</span> ñāṇena paricchijja gahetabbā, pariggahavidhi pana <span class="bld">khandhaniddese</span> (visuddhi. 2.421 ādayo) vuttā evāti adhippāyo. Ārammaṇābhimukhanamanaṃ ārammaṇena vinā appavatti, tena namanaṭṭhena, nāmakaraṇaṭṭhena <a name="M2.0351"></a> vā. Vedanādayo hi arūpadhammā sabbadāpi ca phassādināmakattā pathavīādayo viya kesakumbhādināmantarānāpajjanato attanāva katanāmatāya nāmakaraṇaṭṭhena <span class="bld">‘‘nāma’’</span>nti vuccanti. Atha vā adhivacanasamphasso viya adhivacanaṃ nāmaṃ antarena anupacitasambhārānaṃ gahaṇaṃ na gacchantīti nāmāyattaggahaṇatāya vedanādayo <span class="bld">‘‘nāma’’</span>nti vuccanti, rūpaṃ pana vināpi nāmasavanaṃ attano ruppanasabhāveneva gahaṇaṃ gacchati. <span class="bld">Vavatthāpetabba</span>nti asaṅkarato ṭhapetabbaṃ, aññamaññaṃ, rūpena ca amissitaṃ katvā citte ṭhapetabbanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nāmarūpapariggaho ca nāma yāvadeva tassa paṭinissajjanatthanti tadanurūpameva nidassanaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘yathā nāmā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Ruppanato</span>ti ettha ruppanaṭṭho ‘‘sītādivirodhipaccayasannipāte visadisuppattī’’tiādinā (visuddhi. mahāṭī. 2.432) <span class="bld">khandhaniddesavaṇṇanāyaṃ</span> vuttoyeva. Evaṃ visuṃ nāmapariggahaṃ, rūpapariggahañca dassetvā idāni ekajjhaṃ nāmarūpapariggahaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tato namanalakkhaṇa’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para664"></a><span class="paranum">664</span>. Iti arūpamukhena vipassanābhinivesaṃ dassetvā idāni rūpamukhena taṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘suddhavipassanāyāniko panā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha samathayānikassa samathamukhena vipassanābhiniveso, vipassanāyānikassa pana samathaṃ anissāyāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘suddhavipassanāyāniko’’</span>ti, samathabhāvanāya amissitavipassanāyānavāti attho. <span class="bld">Ayameva vā samathayāniko</span>ti yathāvutto samathayāniko eva vā. Tena samathayānikassāpi rūpamukhena vipassanābhiniveso labbhati, na arūpamukhenevāti dasseti. <span class="bld">Tesaṃ tesaṃ dhātupariggahamukhāna</span>nti ‘‘yaṃ thaddhalakkhaṇaṃ, ayaṃ pathavīdhātū’’tiādinā (visuddhi. 1.308) saṅkhepamanasikārādivasena vuttesu terasasu dhātupariggahamukhesu. Kammasamuṭṭhāno nāma keso cammabbhantaragato. <span class="bld">Tatthevā</span>ti tasmiṃyeva kammasamuṭṭhāne kese. Kāyappasādassa viya bhāvassāpi sakalasarīrabyāpitāya <span class="bld">‘‘bhāvassa atthitāyā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Puna <span class="bld">tatthevā</span>ti tasmiṃyeva kesasaññite rūpasamudāye. <span class="bld">Aparānipī</span>ti pubbe vuttāni kammasamuṭṭhānāni vīsati, imāni āhārasamuṭṭhānādīni catuvīsati <a name="V2.0330"></a> rūpānīti sabbānipi <span class="bld">catucattālīsa,</span> tañca <a name="M2.0352"></a> kho tattha labbhamānasantatisīsasāmaññena veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Catucattālīsā’’</span>ti ca idaṃ saddassa aniyatattā vuttaṃ. Na hi sabbakālaṃ utucittato rūpaṃ uppajjantaṃ sasaddameva uppajjatīti. <span class="bld">Eva</span>nti yathā kese, evaṃ lomādīsu catusamuṭṭhānikesu. <span class="bld">Catuvīsatikoṭṭhāsesū</span>ti dvattiṃsāya koṭṭhāsesu vakkhamāne aṭṭha koṭṭhāse apanetvā catuvīsatikoṭṭhāsesu. Sedādīnaṃ ātapūpatāpādinā, cittavikārena ca uppajjanato te <span class="bld">utucittasamuṭṭhānā</span> vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dvattiṃsakoṭṭhāsagatesu rūpesu pākaṭesu jātesu tadaññānipi pākaṭāni hontīti tānipi dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘apare’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">apare dasa ākārā</span>ti tejovāyokoṭṭhāsavasena apare dasa ākārā. <span class="bld">Kammaje</span>ti bhūtakathanaṃ, na visesanaṃ asitādiparipācakassa tejassa akammajassa abhāvato. <span class="bld">Tathā cittaje</span>ti ca ekantacittasamuṭṭhānattā assāsapassāsānanti keci, taṃ na, acittajasantāne pavattānaṃ utujabhāvato. Abbhantaraṭṭhā eva hi te cittajā, na bahiddhā, tasmā tattha <span class="bld">‘‘cittaje’’</span>ti idaṃ visesanameva, ayañca attho heṭṭhā ānāpānakathāyaṃ vuttoyeva. <span class="bld">Sesesū</span>ti santappanādivasena ceva uddhaṅgamādivasena ca pavattesu tejovāyokoṭṭhāsesu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Cakkhudasakādīsu padhānarūpaṃ cakkhādayoti tesu labbhamānaṃ vatthudvārabhāvaṃ avayavakiccaṃ samudāye āropetvā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vatthudvāravasena pañca cakkhudasakādayo’’</span>ti. Vatthuvasena hadayavatthudasakañcāti yojetabbaṃ, ekayoganiddiṭṭhānampi ekadeso anuvattatīti. <span class="bld">Sabbānipī</span>ti yathāvuttagaṇanāyaṃ catunnavuticatusatādhikāni sahassarūparūpāni. Koṭṭhāsāvayavānaṃ pana tadavayavakalāpānañca bhede gayhamāne ativiya tato bahutaro rūpabhedo hoti, so pana bhedo idha ādikammikassa duppariggahoti na gahetabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāmaṃ vatthuvasenāpi arūpadhammā pākaṭā honti, dvāravasena pana pariggaho anākuloti katvā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘dvāravasena arūpadhammā pākaṭā</span> <span class="bld">hontī’’</span>ti<a name="M2.0353"></a>. Sabbasaṅgāhikavasena <span class="bld">‘‘ekāsīti lokiyacittānī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ, lābhino eva pana mahaggatacittāni supākaṭāni honti. <span class="bld">Avisesenā</span>ti sādhāraṇato. Phassādayo hi satta cetasikā cakkhuviññāṇādīhipi uppajjanato sabbacittuppādasādhāraṇā. <span class="bld">Sabbepi te</span>ti ekāsīti lokiyacittāni, taṃsampayuttaphassādayoti <a name="V2.0331"></a> sabbepi te arūpadhamme. Ārammaṇādivibhāgena pana cittuppādabhede gayhamāne tato bahutaro eva hoti, so pana idha nādhippeto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para665"></a><span class="paranum">665</span>. Assa cakkhupasādassa nissayabhūtā pana catasso dhātuyoti sambandho. Sahajātarūpāni tassa cakkhupasādassa icceva sambandho. <span class="bld">Tatthevā</span>ti tasmiṃyeva sasambhāracakkhupadese. <span class="bld">Anupādinnarūpānī</span>ti pubbe vuttarūpānaṃ upādinnarūpattā vuttaṃ, akammajarūpānīti attho. <span class="bld">Sesānī</span>ti paṭhamaṃ cakkhuno vuttattā tato sesāni, tena pana saddhiṃ catupaññāsa rūpāni honti. Cakkhudasakādīsu ekassapi aggahetabbato <span class="bld">‘‘avasesāni tecattālīsa rūpānī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Saddassa aniyatattā taṃ aggahetvā ‘‘tecattālīsa rūpānī’’ti vatvā puna utucittasamuṭṭhāne dve sadde gahetvā <span class="bld">‘‘pañcacattālīsā’’</span>ti kecivādo dassito.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Avasesarūpānī</span>ti ‘‘dasa dhātuyo’’ti vutte dvādasa rūpadhamme ṭhapetvā avasesāni cha nipphannarūpāni. Rūparūpāneva hi idha pariggayhanti, na rūpaparicchedavikāralakkhaṇāni. Cakkhusannissayarūpārammaṇabhāvasāmaññena, cittabhāvasāmaññena ca kusalākusalavipākatāya duvidhampi cakkhuviññāṇaṃ cittantveva vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Eva</span>nti iminā ‘‘cakkhuṃ nissāyā’’tiādinā vuttaṃ, avuttañca ‘‘sotaṃ nissāyā’’tiādikaṃ saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Manoviññāṇadhātū</span>ti etthapi ‘‘ekā’’ti padaṃ ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ ‘‘ekā manoviññāṇadhātū’’ti. Aḍḍhena ekādasa <span class="bld">aḍḍhekādasa,</span> aḍḍhaṃ vā ekādasamaṃ etāsanti <span class="bld">aḍḍhekādasa. Aḍḍhaṭṭhamā</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para666"></a><span class="paranum">666</span>. <span class="bld">Cakkhudhātuyaṃ vuttanayenevā</span>ti ‘‘yaṃ loko setakaṇhamaṇḍalavicitta’’ntiādinā (visuddhi. 2.665) vuttanayena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para667"></a><span class="paranum">667</span>. <span class="bld">Idha bhikkhu imasmiṃ sarīre</span>ti ajjhattaṃ vipassanābhinivesadassanavasena vuttaṃ. Teneva hi ekasseva bhāvassa gahitattā <span class="bld">‘‘sattarasa</span> <a name="M2.0354"></a> <span class="bld">rūpāni sammasanupagānī’’</span>ti āha. Sammasituṃ sakkuṇeyyāni sammasanaṃ upagacchantīti <span class="bld">sammasanupagāni,</span> sammasanīyānīti attho. <span class="bld">Ākāra</span>-ggahaṇena viññattidvayaṃ vuttaṃ, <span class="bld">vikāra</span>-ggahaṇena lahutādittayaṃ, itarena ākāsadhātūti vadanti. <span class="bld">Ākāra</span>-ggahaṇena pana viññattidvayena saddhiṃ lakkhaṇarūpamāha. Tampi hi rūpānaṃ uppajjanādiākāramattanti. <span class="bld">Antaraparicchedo</span>ti taṃtaṃkalāpānaṃ asaṅkarakāraṇatāya antarabhūto paricchedo<a name="V2.0332"></a>. Yadi na sammasanupagāni, ākārādimattāni ca, kathaṃ rūpānīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘apica kho’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para668"></a><span class="paranum">668</span>. Evaṃ dvācattālīsāya koṭṭhāsānaṃ vasena vitthārato rūpapariggahaṃ tadanusārena vitthārato eva nāmapariggahaṃ vibhāvetvā tato saṃkhittasaṃkhittatarasaṃkhittatamavasena, aṭṭhārasadhātuvasena, dvādasāyatanavasena, pañcakkhandhavasena ca rūpārūpapariggahaṃ dassetvā atisaṃkhittanayenāpi dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ kiñci rūpa’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā ca dhātuādivasena, evaṃ indriyasaccapaṭiccasamuppādavasenapi rūpārūpapariggaho veditabbo. Kathaṃ? Indriyavasena tāva cakkhādīni pañca, itthipurisindriyāni cāti satta indriyāni rūpaṃ, manindriyaṃ, pañca vedanindriyāni, saddhādīni pañca cāti ekādasa nāmaṃ, jīvitindriyaṃ nāmañca rūpañca, pacchimāni tīṇi idha anadhippetāni lokuttarattā. Dukkhasaccaṃ nāmañca rūpañca, samudayasaccaṃ nāmaṃ, itarāni idha nādhippetāni lokuttarattā. Paccayākāre ādito tīṇi aṅgāni nāmaṃ, catutthapañcamāni nāmañca rūpañca, chaṭṭhasattamaaṭṭhamanavamāni nāmaṃ, dasamaṃ nāmañceva nāmarūpañca, pacchimāni dve paccekaṃ nāmañca rūpañcāti evaṃ tattha tattha vuttanayānusārena indriyasaccapaccayākāravasenapi nāmarūpapariggaho kātabbo. Evaṃ pana nāmarūpapariggahassa vibhāgena kathane payojanaṃ heṭṭhā vuttameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para669"></a><span class="paranum">669</span>. Kāmaṃ vedanādīsu arūpadhammesu na uttaruttarā viya purimapurimā sukhumā, tathāpi saṅghaṭṭanena vikāraāpajjanake rūpadhamme upādāya sabbepi te sukhumā evāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sukhumattā arūpaṃ na upaṭṭhātī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sammasitabba</span>nti sammadeva lakkhaṇādito vīmaṃsitabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Manasikātabba</span>nti tathā citte ṭhapetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Pariggahetabba</span>nti paricchedakārikāya paññāya paricchijja gahetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Vavatthapetabba</span>nti aññamaññaṃ asaṅkarato vinicchitabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti yogino<a name="M2.0355"></a>. <span class="bld">Suvikkhālita</span>nti suvisodhitaṃ. Ādikammikassa hi kammaṭṭhānaṃ pariggaṇhantassa yāva dhammā suparibyattaṃ na upatiṭṭhanti, tāva te tappaṭicchādakasammohabalena abhibhūtā avisuddhā nāma honti, asaṅkarato upaṭṭhānābhāvato aññamaññañca jaṭitā. Yadā pana sammasanādividhinā taṃ vibhūtaṃ hoti, tadā te suvikkhālitā, nijjaṭā ca nāma honti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yathā yathā hī’’</span>tiādi. Ādikammikassa arūpadhammā yebhuyyena rūpadhamme ārabbha pavattanākārena <a name="V2.0333"></a> gahaṇaṃ gacchantīti katvā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tadārammaṇā arūpadhammā’’</span>ti. Teneva hi heṭṭhā ‘‘tassevaṃ pariggahitarūpassa dvāravasena arūpadhammā pākaṭā hontī’’ti vuttaṃ, na vatthuvasenāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni rūpapariggaho arūpapariggahassa upāyo, upatthambho cāti yathāvuttamatthaṃ upamāhi pakāsetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yathā hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Mukhanimitta</span>nti mukhassa paṭibimbaṃ. Tatridaṃ upamāsaṃsandanaṃ – cakkhumā puriso viya yogāvacaro, tassa cakkhu viya yogino kammaṭṭhānapariggāhakañāṇaṃ, ādāsaṃ viya rūpapariggaho, mukhanimittaṃ viya arūpapariggaho, ādāsassa aparisuddhakālo viya rūpapariggahassa avikkhālitakālo, tadā mukhanimittassa apaññāyanaṃ viya rūpapariggahassa avisuddhatāya arūpadhammānaṃ anupaṭṭhānaṃ, ādāsassa punappunaṃ parimajjanaṃ viya rūpapariggahassa punappunaṃ visodhanaṃ, suparimajjite ādāse subyattaṃ mukhanimittassa paññāyanaṃ viya suvikkhālite nijjaṭe rūpapariggahe arūpadhammānaṃ suṭṭhu upaṭṭhānanti. Iminā nayena <span class="bld">telatthikopamā</span>dīsupi yathārahaṃ upamāsaṃsandanaṃ veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Tilapiṭṭha</span>nti tilacuṇṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Katakaṭṭhi</span>nti katakabījaṃ. <span class="bld">Kalalakaddama</span>nti tanukaddamaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tappaccanīkakilesā</span>ti tassa arūpadhammapariggāhakañāṇassa vibandhabhāvena paṭipakkhabhūtā sammohādikilesā. <span class="bld">Ucchu</span>ādiupamāsu idaṃ mukhamattassa dassanaṃ – yathā ucchurasaṃ gahetukāmo ucchūni ucchuyante pakkhipitvā ekavāraṃ dvivāraṃ yantakkamanamattena ucchurase anikkhamante na ucchūni chaḍḍetvā gacchati, yathā vā core gahetvā tehi katakammaṃ jānitukāmo dvattippahāramattena tesu tamatthaṃ akathentesu na te muñcati, yathā vā pana godammako goṇaṃ dametukāmo dhure taṃ yojetvā ekavāraṃ dvivāraṃ tasmiṃ pathena agacchante na vissajjeti, yathā <a name="M2.0356"></a> ca dadhiṃ manthetvā navanītaṃ gahetukāmo dadhikalasiyaṃ manthaṃ pakkhipitvā sakiṃ, dvikkhattuṃ vā manthassa bhamanamattena navanīte anuppajjante na dadhiṃ chaḍḍeti, yathā vā pana macche pacitvā khāditukāmo ekavāraṃ dvivāraṃ aggidānamattena macchesu apaccantesu na te chaḍḍeti. ‘‘Atha kho naṃ punappunaṃ parimajjatī’’ti ettha vuttanayānusārena ‘‘atha kho naṃ ucchuyante punappunaṃ uppīḷetī’’tiādinā sabbattha upamattho yojetabbo.</p>
<p class="subhead">Arūpadhammānaṃ upaṭṭhānākārakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para670"></a><span class="paranum">670</span>. Ākirīyanti <a name="V2.0334"></a> abhimukhā honti etehīti ākārā, arūpadhammānaṃ upaṭṭhānassa mukhabhūtā phusanānubhavanavijānanappakārāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘arūpadhammā tīhi ākārehi upaṭṭhahantī’’</span>tiādi. Ārammaṇe pavattamānesu cittacetasikesu asatipi pubbāpariye phusanalakkhaṇo phasso, tattha sabbapaṭhamaṃ abhinipatanto viya hotīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘paṭhamābhinipāto phasso’’</span>ti. Tenassa phusanākārena supākaṭabhāvena upaṭṭhānaṃ dasseti. Phasse pana upaṭṭhite yasmiṃ ārammaṇe so phasso, tassa anubhavanalakkhaṇā vedanā, sañjānanalakkhaṇā saññā, āyūhanalakkhaṇā cetanā, paṭivijānanalakkhaṇaṃ viññāṇanti imepi pākaṭā hontīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘taṃsampayuttā vedanā’’</span>tiādi. Evaṃ salakkhaṇasaṅkhepato catudhātuvavatthānavasena phassamukhena arūpapariggahaṃ dassetvā idāni vitthārato catudhātuvavatthānavasena taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tathā kese’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">kese pathavīdhātū</span>ti kesasaṅkhāte pathavīkoṭṭhāse pathavīdhātu. Lakkhaṇavibhattito hi dhātuvavatthānadassanametaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Punapi dvinnaṃ dhātuvavatthānānaṃ vasena vedanāmukhena arūpapariggahaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ekassā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">tassa rasānubhavanakavedanā</span>ti thaddhabhāvasaṅkhātassa phoṭṭhabbasabhāvassa anubhavanavasena pavattavedanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aparassā</span>ti etthāpi vuttanayeneva sambandho veditabbo. Tattha <span class="bld">ārammaṇapaṭivijānana</span>nti thaddhatāsaṅkhātaphoṭṭhabbārammaṇapaṭivijānanaṃ. Kāyadvārābhinihataṃ, kevalaṃ vā manodvārikajavanaviññāṇamāha. Tañhi ‘‘pathavīdhātu <a name="M2.0357"></a> kakkhaḷalakkhaṇā’’ti paṭivijānāti, itaraṃ pana kakkhaḷalakkhaṇapaṭivijānanamattamevāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Eteneva upāyenā</span>ti yvāyaṃ salakkhaṇasaṅkhepato, salakkhaṇavibhattito ca dhātuvavatthānavasena rūpapariggahaṃ dassetvā tattha ṭhitassa phassādimukhena arūpapariggaṇhanupāyo dassito, eteneva upāyena. <span class="bld">Kammasamuṭṭhānakese</span>ti catusamuṭṭhānakesato niddhārite kammasamuṭṭhānakese. <span class="bld">Kakkhaḷalakkhaṇātiādinā nayenā</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena na kevalaṃ ‘‘paggharaṇalakkhaṇā āpodhātū’’tiādinā lakkhaṇavisesena saddhiṃ dhātvantarāniyeva, atha kho ekasamuṭṭhānādibhedāni koṭṭhāsantarānipīti <a name="V2.0335"></a> daṭṭhabbaṃ. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘dvācattālīsāya dhātukoṭṭhāsesū’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sabbaṃ nayabhedaṃ anugantvā</span>ti yvāyaṃ dvācattālīsāya dhātukoṭṭhāsesu pathavīdhātuādīnaṃ lakkhaṇādito vavatthāpanavasena nānāvidho rūpapariggahanayo vutto, taṃ sabbaṃ nayabhedaṃ nayavisesaṃ anugantvā, cakkhudhātuādīsu rūpapariggahamukhesu arūpapariggahadassanavasena yojanā kātabbāti adhippāyo. Tatridaṃ yojanāmukhamattadassanaṃ – ekassa tāva ‘‘cakkhudhātu rūpābhighātārahabhūtappasādalakkhaṇā, daṭṭhukāmatānidānakammasamuṭṭhānabhūtappasādalakkhaṇā vā’’tiādinā (dha. sa. aṭṭha. 600) nayena dhātuyo pariggaṇhantassa ‘‘paṭhamābhinipāto phasso, taṃsampayuttā vedanā’’ti sabbaṃ yojetabbaṃ. Tathā ‘‘yathāvuttalakkhaṇāya cakkhudhātuyā rasānubhavanakavedanā vedanākkhandho’’tiādi yojetabbaṃ. Tathā ‘‘yathāvuttalakkhaṇā cakkhudhātū’’ti, ‘‘ārammaṇapaṭivijānanaṃ viññāṇaṃ viññāṇakkhandho’’tiādinā sabbaṃ yojetabbaṃ. Āyatanādivasena rūpapariggahamukhesupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para671"></a><span class="paranum">671</span>. Yathā nāma heṭṭhimajhānaṃ subhāvitaṃ vasībhāvaṃ pāpitameva uparijhānassa pādakaṃ padaṭṭhānaṃ hoti, na paṭiladdhamattaṃ, evaṃ rūpapariggaho suvisuddho nijjaṭo niggumbo eva arūpapariggahassa pādakaṃ padaṭṭhānaṃ hoti, na avisuddho, tasmā rūpārūpassa ekadesepi anupaṭṭhite so avisuddho eva nāma hoti, pageva bahūsu anupaṭṭhitesūti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘sace hī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Pabbateyyā gāvī viya</span> bālā abyattā akhettaññū.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Khaggenā</span>ti <a name="M2.0358"></a> khaggaggena. <span class="bld">Samugga</span>nti mañjūsāsadisaṃ mahāsamuggaṃ. Apariggahitakammaṭṭhānassa avibhattaṃ viya upaṭṭhahantampi nāmarūpaṃ vibhattasabhāvameva, tassa ca vibhāgo kammaṭṭhānapariggahesu pākaṭo hotīti ca dassanatthaṃ samuggavivaraṇaṃ, yamakatālakandaphālanañca nidassanabhāvena vuttaṃ. Yamakatālakandañhi bhinnasantānampi abhinnaṃ viya upaṭṭhāti, evaṃ rūpārūpadhammāti. <span class="bld">Sabbepi tebhūmake dhamme nāmañca rūpañcāti dvedhā vavatthapetī</span>ti ettha kiñcāpi sabba-saddo anavasesapariyādāyako, nāmarūpabhāvo pana aññamaññavidhuroti na tadubhayaṃ samudāyavasena parisamāpayetabbaṃ, tasmā ‘‘yadettha namanalakkhaṇaṃ, taṃ nāmaṃ. Yaṃ ruppanalakkhaṇaṃ, taṃ rūpa’’nti evaṃ dvedhā vavatthapetīti attho. Evaṃ vavatthapentoyeva ca tadubhayavinimuttassa tebhūmakadhammesu kassaci dhammassa abhāvato ‘‘sabbepi tebhūmakadhamme nāmañca rūpañcāti dvedhā vavatthapetī’’ti vuccati. ‘‘Nāmañca rūpañcā’’ti eteneva <a name="V2.0336"></a> tassa duvidhabhāve siddhe ‘‘dvedhā vavatthapetī’’ti idaṃ nāmarūpavinimuttassa aññassa abhāvadassanatthaṃ. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘nāmarūpamattato uddha’’</span>ntiādi. ‘‘Sabbepi tebhūmake dhamme’’ti pana sabbaggahaṇañcettha sammasamanupagassa dhammassa anavasesetabbatāya vuttaṃ. Tañhi anavasesato pariññeyyaṃ ekaṃsato virajjitabbaṃ, tato ca cittaṃ virājayaṃ pamocetabbaṃ. Tenāha bhagavā –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Sabbaṃ, bhikkhave, anabhijānaṃ aparijānaṃ tattha cittaṃ avirājayaṃ appajahaṃ abhabbo dukkhakkhayāya. Sabbañca kho, bhikkhave, abhijānaṃ parijānaṃ tattha cittaṃ virājayaṃ pajahaṃ bhabbo dukkhakkhayāyā’’ti (saṃ. ni. 4.26-27).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadi tebhūmakaṃ dhammajātaṃ anavasesato gahitaṃ ‘‘nāmarūpa’’nti, yaṃ ito bāhirakehi padatthabhāvena parikappitaṃ, seyyathidaṃ – pakatiādi drabyādi jīvādi kāyādi. Tattha kathaṃ paṭipajjitabbanti? Ummattakavipallāsasadise asammāsambuddhapavedite kā tattha aññā paṭipatti aññatra ajjhupekkhanato. Atha vā tepi nāmarūpantogadhabhāvābhāvavasena nicchitā evāti veditabbā. Kathaṃ? Pakati, mahā, ahaṃkāro, tammattāni, indriyāni, bhūtāni, purisoti ete pakatiādayo. Tattha samabhāvena pavattamānānaṃ sattarajatamasaṅkhātānaṃ sukhadukkhamohānaṃ samudāyo <span class="bld">pakati, padhāna</span>nti ca vuccati. Sattamattasampavedanīyo <span class="bld">mahā,</span> buddhīti keci. Sattarajādīsu <a name="M2.0359"></a> abhimāno <span class="bld">ahaṃkāro,</span> asmimattāti keci. Saddaphassarūparasagandhā <span class="bld">tammattāni</span> aññamaññavisiṭṭhānaṃ pathavīādīnaṃ ekuttaratādassanato ekuttarāni tammattānīti vijjhavāsiekalakkhaṇehi tammattehi ekalakkhaṇā visesā sajiyanti, sukhumabhāvena pana nesaṃ sampavesanato ekuttaratāti keci. Sotādīni pañca savanādivuttikāni <span class="bld">buddhindriyāni,</span> vacanādānavicaraṇussaggānandakiccāni vācādīni pañca <span class="bld">kammindriyāni</span>. Mano antokaraṇaṃ, itaraṃ bāhirakaraṇaṃ. Gandhādīhi āraddhāni pathavīudakaaggivāyuākāsāni <span class="bld">bhūtāni,</span> cetanāsabhāvo <span class="bld">puriso</span>ti evaṃ pakatiādīni sarūpato veditabbāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha hi <span class="bld">pakati</span> tāva sukhadukkhamohamattatāya nāmaṃ, samavisamabhāvāpattito aniccā, dukkhā, saṅkhatā ca āpannā. <span class="bld">Mahā</span>pi ‘‘tasmā aliṅgato liṅgavisesāmatto mahā uppajjatī’’ti vacanato, buddhibhāvānujānanato ca nāmaṃ, aniccaṃ, saṅkhatameva ca āpannaṃ. ‘‘Tasmā <a name="V2.0337"></a> mahato cha visesā sajiyantī’’ti sakkate vacanato ‘‘asmī’’ti gahaṇanimittabhāvānujānanena <span class="bld">ahaṃkāro</span> abhimānoti katvā nāmaṃ, tato eva aniccasaṅkhatabhāvāpatti cassa siddhā. Itaraṃ <span class="bld">tammattapañcakaṃ</span> gandharasarūpaphassasaddabhāvānujānanato rūpaṃ, arūpanti pana kāpilānaṃ micchābhinivesamattaṃ. Te hi soḷasa visesā pañca bhūtāni, ekādasindriyāni bhūtehi bhūtavisesānīti gandhāditammattehi tannissayāni pathavīāpotejovāyoākāsasaṅkhātāni bhūtāni icchitāni. ‘‘Tabbisesā ca nānājātikā ahaṃkārato ca indriyānī’’ti vacanato sotakāyacakkhujivhāghānavācāpāṇipādapāyūpatthāni ceva mano cāti <span class="bld">ekādasindriyāni</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">mano</span> nāmaṃ, itarāni sabbāni rūpaṃ. <span class="bld">Vācā</span>ti cettha atthāvajotakassa akkharasamudāyassa gahaṇaṃ. Imesaṃ pana dhammino dhammassa anaññatthassa icchitattā siddhāva aniccatā pariṇāmapakkhe, abhibyattipakkhepi yadi tabbisayañāṇuppādena abhibyañjanaṃ siddhāva aniccatā, atha tato pubbepi ñāṇaṃ attheva. Akkhabyattivādo pana siyāti idamettha disāmattaṃ. Drabyaguṇakammasāmaññavisesasamavāyā <span class="bld">drabyādikā</span>. Tattha pathavī āpo <a name="M2.0360"></a> tejo vāyu ākāso kālo disā attā manoti nava <span class="bld">drabyāni</span>. Sadda rūpa rasa gandha phassa saṅkhā parimāṇāni puthūtva saṃyoga viyoga paratvā paratva buddhi sukha dukkha icchā dosa payatta gurutva dravatva sneha vegā saṅkhārā diṭṭhā ceti evamete tevīsati <span class="bld">guṇā</span>. Ukkhepanaṃ avakkhepanamākucanaṃ pasāraṇaṃ gamanamiti pañca <span class="bld">kammāni</span>. Aññamaññavisiṭṭhesu avisiṭṭhamabhidhānaṃ paccayo hoti. Saṃ-iti yato drabyaguṇakammesu sā atthi evāti etaṃ <span class="bld">mahāsāmaññaṃ</span>. Pathavīādīsu anuvattibyāvuttibuddhinimittaṃ drabyatvādi, taṃ yathā drabyatva guṇatva kammatva ghaṭatvādi, eso <span class="bld">sāmaññaviseso</span>. Iha tantesu paṭo, kapālesu ghaṭoti iheti yato hetuhetuphalānaṃ sambandho samavāyoti vutto, <span class="bld">samavāyo</span>ti evamete <span class="bld">drabyādikā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha pathavī āpa teja vāyū bhūtarūpaṃ, ākāsaṃ tesaṃ abhāvamattaṃ, paricchedo vā, candasūriyādiparivattanaṃ, dhammappavattiñca upādāya paññattimattaṃ <span class="bld">kālo</span>. Tathā <span class="bld">disā, attā</span> ca. <span class="bld">Mano</span> nāmaṃ. <span class="bld">Saddarūparasagandhā</span> rūpameva. Tathā <span class="bld">phasso</span> bhūtattayasabhāvato. <span class="bld">Saṅkhā</span> ekādikā taṃ taṃ upādāya paññattimattaṃ. Tathā avayavasamudāye guṇavisesavasena, saṇṭhānavisesavasena vā mahantaṃ dīghaṃ, tabbipariyāyato aṇu rassanti bhinnalakkhaṇadesesu <span class="bld">puthutva</span>nti. Bhinnadesajānaṃ sahabhāve <span class="bld">saṃyogo</span>ti. Tadapāye <span class="bld">viyogo</span>ti. Samānadisādesagatānaṃ rūpānaṃ mahadabbantarānaṃ vasena paramaparanti <a name="V2.0338"></a> paññattimattaṃ. <span class="bld">Buddhisukhadukkhaicchādosapayattā</span> nāmameva. <span class="bld">Gurutva dravatva snehavegā</span> rūpadhammānaṃ pavattivisesato gahetabbākārā. Itaro <span class="bld">saṅkhāro</span> ñāṇassa pavattiviseso. <span class="bld">Adiṭṭho</span>pi dhammādhammabhāvato nāmameva. <span class="bld">Ukkhepanaṃ avakkhepanaṃ ākucanaṃ pasāraṇaṃ gamana</span>nti rūpadhammānaṃ pavattimattaṃ. Sadisāsadisatāyaṃ sāmaññavisesasaññā, ayuttasambandhe samavāyasamaññāti drabyādīnampi nāmarūpantogadhatā daṭṭhabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Jīvājīvabandha puñña pāpāsava saṃvaranijjaravimokkhā <span class="bld">jīvādikā</span>. Tattha <span class="bld">jīvo</span>ti attā. Puggaladhammādhammākāsakālesu <span class="bld">ajīvasaññā</span>. Tesu saddaphassarūparasagandhasaṇṭhānabandhabhedasukhumaparaaparāghātappabhācchāyojjākatamāni puggalalakkhaṇanti <span class="bld">puggalo</span> rūpaṃ rūpadhammānaṃ pavattiākāramattato. <span class="bld">Dhammādhammā</span> jīvapuggalānaṃ gatiṭṭhitimattatāya tadavisiṭṭhā<a name="M2.0361"></a>. <span class="bld">Ākāsakālā</span> paññattimattaṃ. <span class="bld">Bandho</span> ‘‘kammapuggalantarasaṃyogo’’ti vacanato tehi anañño. <span class="bld">Puññapāpāni</span> nāmanti pākaṭameva. ‘‘Kammapuggalānamāsavo’’ti vacanato puññāpuññasambhave āsavasamaññāti tato avisiṭṭho <span class="bld">āsavo</span>. ‘‘Āsavanirodho saṃvaro’’ti vacanato paṭipakkhena puññāpuññanirodho <span class="bld">saṃvaro</span>. ‘‘Kammaphalappavattiyā pakatiyā appavatti nijjaro’’ti vacanato vipākanirodhanimittaṃ <span class="bld">nijjaro. Mokkho</span>pi ‘‘sabbakammavimokkho’’ti vacanato kammapuggalajīvaviyogo. Tattha <span class="bld">kammapuggalānaṃ</span> saddādilakkhaṇatāya rūpamattatā puññāpuññamattatāya arūpatā. <span class="bld">Jīvo</span> ca arūpamattamevāti ayaṃ drabyamokkho. Bhāvamokkho pana jīvassa rāgādibhāvāpariṇāmo rāgādayo nāmamevāti jīvādayopi nāmarūpantogadhā eva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāyappavattigatijātibandhāpavaggā <span class="bld">kāyādikā</span>. Tattha pathavīāpatejavāyuattasukhadukkhesu <span class="bld">kāyasamaññā</span>. Tadavisiṭṭhā pavattigatijātibandhāpavaggā, ‘‘bhāvoti attho, kāyoti anatthantara’’nti vacanato kāyato aññaṃ kiñci natthi. ‘‘Pavattisaññā kiriyāsaṃyogavibhāgesū’’ti vacanato gatiādippakārena pavattā pathavīādayo eva <span class="bld">pavatti</span> upacāro. ‘‘Tasmiṃ anatthantara’’nti vacanato kāyato anaññā suramanujapetatiracchānanarakūpapattiyo <span class="bld">gatiyo</span>. Tāsu purimāpurimāvisiṭṭho gatīsu jātassa nicchayopi pavattimattanti tato anaññā kaṇhanīlarattapītasukkaatisukkasaṅkhātā <span class="bld">jātiyo</span>. Tā uttaruttaravisiṭṭhā aññāṇamoharāgadosatatvāsandassanappāyā <span class="bld">sukkajāti,</span> antā accantavimuttā avagāhitatvā cāti <span class="bld">sukkajāti</span><a name="V2.0339"></a>. ‘‘Dosesu bandhasamaññā’’ti vacanato aññāṇādilakkhaṇassa <span class="bld">bandhassa</span> jīvato anaññatā. Aññāṇādidosābhāvato apavaggasiddhīti <span class="bld">kāyādayopi</span> nāmarūpamattameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yopi tattha tattha ‘‘puriso attā jīvo’’tiādipariyāyehi vutto attapadattho, sopi yathārahaṃ nāmarūpamattaṃ upādāya paññatto, nāmarūpamattameva vā. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘tepi nāmarūpantogadhabhāvābhāvavasena nicchitā evā’’ti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Sambahulasuttantasaṃsandanākathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para672"></a><span class="paranum">672</span>. <span class="bld">So</span>ti <a name="M2.0362"></a> so vipassanākammiko yogāvacaro. <span class="bld">Eva</span>nti vuttappakāraparāmasanaṃ. <span class="bld">Yāthāvasarasato</span>ti yathābhūtasabhāvato. Nāmarūpaṃ vavatthapetvā etamatthaṃ saṃsandetvā vavatthapetīti sambandho. <span class="bld">Lokasamaññāyapi pahānatthāya,</span> pageva ‘‘satto jīvo’’ti pavattanakamicchābhinivesassāti adhippāyo. Nāmarūpamattatāya avinicchatattā, santānādighanabhedassa ca akatattā abhinivesena vinā samūhekattaggahaṇavasena ‘‘satto’’ti pavatto sammoho <span class="bld">sattasammoho</span>. Tassa vikkhambhanā <span class="bld">asammohabhūmi. Sambahulasuttantavasenā</span>ti ‘‘yathāpī’’tiādinā idha vuttānaṃ, avuttānañca ‘‘rūpañca hidaṃ, mahāli, attā abhavissa, nayidaṃ rūpaṃ ābādhāya saṃvatteyyā’’ti (saṃ. ni. 3.59; mahāva. 20) evamādinā sambahulānaṃ suttantānaṃ vasena. ‘‘Nāmarūpamattamevā’’tiādinā vuttamevatthaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘etamattha’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aṅgasambhārā</span>ti aṅgasambhārahetu. Tannimittaṃ taṃ amuñcitvā sati eva tasmiṃ <span class="bld">‘‘satto’’</span>ti vohāro.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Agārantvevā</span>ti yathā kaṭṭhādīni paṭicca upādāya tesaṃ nāmaṃ vissajjetvā agāramicceva saṅkhaṃ samaññaṃ gacchati, evaṃ aṭṭhiādīni paṭicca upādāya tesaṃ nāmaṃ vissajjetvā rūpaṃ sarīramicceva saṅkhaṃ gacchatīti yojanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dukkhameva sambhotī</span>ti dukkhadukkhatādibhedaṃ tividhaṃ dukkhameva sambhavati, yathāpaccayaṃ uppajjati, tadeva dukkhaṃ khaṇaṭṭhitipabandhaṭṭhitivasena tiṭṭhati ceva khaṇanirodhaāyukkhayanirodhādivasena <a name="V2.0340"></a> nirujjhati cāti attho. Idāni dukkhamevāti evakārena nivattitamatthaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘nāññatrā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tassattho – yathāvuttaṃ dukkhaṃ ṭhapetvā tato aññaṃ kiñci dhammajātaṃ na sambhavati, yo ‘‘satto’’ti vā ‘‘jīvo’’ti vā vucceyya, sabbena sabbaṃ abhāvā kuto tassa nirodhoti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Upamāhināmarūpavibhāvanākathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para673"></a><span class="paranum">673</span>. <span class="bld">Ekenākārena saṇṭhitesū</span>ti yena pakārena akkhādīsu sanniviṭṭhesu rathasamaññā, tena ekena ākārena samavaṭṭhitesu ekajjhaṃ rāsikatesu<a name="M2.0363"></a>. <span class="bld">Evameva</span>nti sannivesavisiṭṭhe avayavasamudāye santānavasena pavattamāne yathā ‘‘ratho gehaṃ muṭṭhi vīṇā senā nagaraṃ rukkho’’ti vohāramattaṃ, paramatthato pana rathādi nāma kiñci natthi, evamevaṃ. <span class="bld">Upādānakkhandhesū</span>ti upādānakkhandhasaññitesu rūpārūpadhammesu samuditesu santānavasena pavattamānesu ‘‘satto jīvo’’ti vohāramattaṃ, paramatthato pana satto vā jīvo vā natthīti yāthāvato jānanaṃ. Idaṃ <span class="bld">yathābhūtadassanaṃ</span> ‘‘diṭṭhivisuddhī’’ti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para674"></a><span class="paranum">674</span>. <span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti sattoti gahitassa attano. <span class="bld">Vināsa</span>nti niruddhassa vināsaṃ. <span class="bld">Avināsa</span>nti avinassanaṃ, niccatanti attho. Dvayavaseneva hi attavādino ṭhitā, sassato attā, ucchijjatīti vā, ekaccasassatavādopi ettheva samavaruddhoti. <span class="bld">Avināsaṃ anujānanto</span>ti buddhiādīnaṃ dhammānaṃ vināsaṃ icchantopi ‘‘dhammī nicco kūṭaṭṭho’’ti attano vināsābhāvaṃ anujānanto. <span class="bld">Sassate</span>ti sassatagāhe. <span class="bld">Patati</span> katavināsaakatabbhāgamādidosappasaṅgatoti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Khīranvayassā</span>ti khīrassa anvayabhūtassa, phalabhūtassāti attho. <span class="bld">Tadanvayassā</span>ti tassa attano anvayabhūtassa <span class="bld">aññassa</span> kassaci <span class="bld">abhāvato. Olīyati nāmā</span>ti ‘‘sassato attā’’ti abhinivesena bhavābhirato hutvā bhavanirodhato saṅkocanaṃ āpajjanto bhaveyeva nilīyati nāma. <span class="bld">Atidhāvati nāmā</span>ti tattha tattheva hi bhave attā ucchijjatīti ucchedavādī ‘‘ucchijjati attā’’ti gaṇhanto paraṃ maraṇā santaṃ bhavaṃ ‘‘natthī’’ti atikkamanto atidhāvati nāmāti vadanti. Kilesanirodhe pana kammassa avipaccanato bhavanirodhe icchitabbe tathā aggahetvā ‘‘taṃ taṃ bhavavisesaṃ āgamma attā ucchijjatīti evaṃ bhavanirodho hotī’’ti gaṇhanto taṃ atidhāvati nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pariyuṭṭhitā</span>ti <a name="V2.0341"></a> abhibhūtā. <span class="bld">Cakkhumanto</span>ti yathābhūtadassanasaṅkhātena ñāṇacakkhunā cakkhumanto.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāmabhavādibhedo bhavo āramitabbaṭṭhena ārāmo etesanti <span class="bld">bhavārāmā</span>. Tasmiṃ bhave ratā abhiratāti <span class="bld">bhavaratā</span>. Bhave sammodaṃ āpannāti <span class="bld">bhavasammuditā</span>. Tīhipi padehi bhavassādagadhitatāva vuttā. <span class="bld">Cittaṃ na pakkhandatī</span>ti bhavassādagadhitattā eva bhavanirodhāvahe dhamme cittaṃ na <a name="M2.0364"></a> anuppavisati. <span class="bld">Nappasīdatī</span>ti na okappati. <span class="bld">Na santiṭṭhatī</span>ti na patiṭṭhahati. <span class="bld">Nādhimuccatī</span>ti na adhimuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aṭṭīyamānā</span>ti dukkhāpiyamānā. <span class="bld">Harāyamānā</span>ti lajjamānā. <span class="bld">Jigucchamānā</span>ti hīḷentā. <span class="bld">Vibhava</span>nti ucchedaṃ. <span class="bld">Abhinandantī</span>ti vuttaabhinandanākāradassanaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yato kira bho’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhūta</span>nti khandhapañcakaṃ. Tañhi yathāsakaṃ paccayehi jātattā, paramatthato vijjamānattā ca bhūtanti vuccati. <span class="bld">Bhūtato</span>ti yathābhūtasabhāvato, salakkhaṇato, sāmaññalakkhaṇato ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para675"></a><span class="paranum">675</span>. Evaṃ sattagāhato avalīyanātidhāvanadose, yathābhūtadassanato nibbidādiguṇe ca suttavaseneva dassetvā idāni nāmarūpamattepi gamanādiattakiccasiddhiṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tasmā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">tasmā</span>ti yasmā ‘‘asmī’’ti vā ‘‘aha’’nti vā gāhassa vatthubhūto satto nāma natthi, paramatthato nāmarūpamattameva, tasmā. Sace koci attā nāma natthi, kathamidha nāmarūpamatte gamanādiattakiccasiddhīti codanaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘dāruyanta’’</span>ntiādi. <span class="bld">‘‘Khāyatī’’</span>ti etena yathā nijjīve dārumayayante abbhantare vattamānassa jīvassa vasena saīhassa sabyāpārassa viya upaṭṭhānamattaṃ paccayavisesato, evaṃ nijjīve nāmarūpamatte paccayavisesato gamanādiattakiccasiddhīti saīhassa sabyāpārassa viya upaṭṭhānanti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saccato</span>ti bhūtato, paramatthatoti attho. Suññaṃ jīvena yantamiva abhisaṅkhataṃ paccayavasena pavattīti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Dukkhassa puñjo</span> niccāturatāya <span class="bld">tiṇakaṭṭhasadiso</span> attasuññatāyāti attho. <span class="bld">Etaṃ</span> nāmarūpaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yamaka</span>nti <a name="V2.0342"></a> yugaḷakaṃ. So ca kho yamakabhāvo aññamaññasannissitabhāvenāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ubho aññoññanissitā’’</span>ti. Tato eva ca ekasmiṃ bhijjamānasmiṃ ubho bhijjanti. Na hi kadāci pañcavokārabhave rūpe nirujjhante arūpaṃ anirujjhantaṃ, arūpe vā nirujjhante rūpaṃ anirujjhantaṃ atthi. Svāyaṃ bhaṅgo <span class="bld">paccayā</span> paccayanirodheneva, nāmarūpanirodhoti attho. <span class="bld">Paccayā</span>ti vā paccayabhūtā, aññamaññassa paccayā hontāpi ubho bhijjantiyevāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para676"></a><span class="paranum">676</span>. <span class="bld">Daṇḍābhihata</span>nti <a name="M2.0365"></a> visesanena daṇḍaṃ, daṇḍābhighātassa paccayaṃ purisavāyāmañca dasseti, bheriyā pana visesitabbatā saddassa asādhāraṇakāraṇatāya. Teneva hi ‘‘aññā bherī’’ti bherīyeva gahitā, na daṇḍādayo. Adissamānarūpatāya saddaṃ nāmaṭṭhāniyaṃ katvā <span class="bld">‘‘evameva’’</span>ntiādinā upamāsaṃsandanaṃ karoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na cakkhuto jāyare</span>ti na cakkhāyatanato niggacchanavasena jāyanti. Na hi cakkhāyatanassa paccayabhāvūpagamanato pubbe phassapañcamakā labbhanti, na ca padesavanto, yena te tato niggaccheyyuṃ. Tenevāha ‘‘puñjo natthi anāgate’’ti (mahāni. 10). <span class="bld">Na rūpato</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">‘‘No ca ubhinnamantarā’’</span>ti idaṃ pana tesaṃ arūpadhammattā appadesatāya vuttaṃ. Kevalaṃ pana yasmiṃ khaṇe paccayasamavāyo, tadā uppajjanamattamevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘hetuṃ paṭicca pabhavanti saṅkhatā’’</span>ti, cakkhurūpālokamanasikārādibhedaṃ dhammajātaṃ nissāya paccayabhūtaṃ kāraṇaṃ labhitvā tehi samecca sambhūya katattā saṅkhatā phassādayo dhammā uppajjantīti attho. Tassā pana dhammānaṃ uppattiyā pākaṭaṃ rūpadhammapavattiṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘yathāpi saddo pahaṭāya bheriyā’’</span>ti āha. Phassapañcamaggahaṇañcettha pākaṭaarūpadhammānaṃ dassanaṃ. Sesagāthāsupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vatthurūpā</span>ti hadayavatthuto. Tannissayānaṃ arūpadhammānaṃ bahubhedattā sāmaññavohārena te dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘saṅkhatā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para677"></a><span class="paranum">677</span>. <span class="bld">Nitteja</span>nti tejahīnaṃ ānubhāvarahitaṃ. Yathā pana taṃ nittejaṃ, taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘na khādatī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Na hi aññathā saddahanussahanādīsu nāmaṃ ‘‘nitteja’’nti sakkā vattuṃ, nāpi rūpaṃ sandhāraṇābandhanādīsu. Teneva hi ‘‘rūpaṃ nitteja’’nti vatvā <span class="bld">‘‘na hi tassa khāditukāmatā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Atha kho’’</span>tiādinā byatirekavasenāpi nāmarūpānaṃ nittejataṃyeva <a name="V2.0343"></a> vibhāveti. Aññamaññasannissayena hi nāmarūpassa attakiccasiddhipi paccekaṃ asamatthatāvibhāvanameva. Tathā hi nāmarūpassa attasuññatā, nirīhatā, byāpāravirahatā ca suṭṭhutaraṃ pākaṭā honti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ pana paccekaṃ asamatthānaṃ samuditabhāve samatthatā hoti? Asāmaggiyaṃ ahetūnaṃ sāmaggiyampi ahetubhāvāpattito. Na hi paccekaṃ <a name="M2.0366"></a> daṭṭhuṃ asakkontānaṃ andhānaṃ satampi sahassampi samuditaṃ daṭṭhuṃ sakkotīti codanaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘imassa panatthassā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Imaṃ upamaṃ udāharanti</span> aṭṭhakathācariyā upamāyapi asiddhassa atthassa sādhetabbato. Tenevāha ‘‘upamaṃ te karissāmi, upamāyapidhekacce viññū purisā bhāsitassa atthaṃ jānantī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 2.67). <span class="bld">Tuṭṭhahaṭṭho</span>ti yadipāhaṃ cakkhukaraṇīyaṃ kātuṃ na sakkomi, pādakaraṇīyaṃ pana kātuṃ sakkomi, tvañca cakkhukaraṇīyaṃ, tasmā amhākaṃ ubhinnaṃ sahitānañca vasena icchitadesasampatti sijjhatīti tuṭṭhahaṭṭho <span class="bld">jaccandho. Tattha jaccandho</span>tiādi upamopameyyasaṃsandanaṃ. Dhammānaṃ attalābho parapaṭibaddhoti vattabbameva natthi tato pubbe avijjamānattā, paṭiladdhattalābhassāpi parapaṭibaddhameva atthakiccanti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘na sakena tejena uppajjati, na tāsu tāsu kiriyāsu pavattatī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Tesaṃ nāmarūpānaṃ aññamaññaṃ nissāya uppatti vā pavatti vā na ca na hotī</span>ti jaccandhapīṭhasappiupamāya sādhitamatthaṃ nigamento ‘‘asāmaggiyaṃ ahetūnaṃ sāmaggiyampi ahetukabhāvāpattito’’ti yathāvuttassa hetuno anekantikabhāvaṃ vibhāveti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paradhammavasānuvattino</span>ti paresaṃ attato aññesaṃ hetupaccayasaṅkhātānaṃ dhammānaṃ vasena anuvattanasīlā. <span class="bld">Attadubbalā</span>ti attanā dubbalā asamatthā. <span class="bld">Parapaccayato</span>ti paresaṃ dhammānaṃ paccayabhāvato. Etena janakapaccayaṃ vadati. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘jāyare’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Paraārammaṇato</span>ti paresaṃ dhammānaṃ ārammaṇabhāvato. Etena upatthambhakapaccayaṃ vadati. Paccayaggahaṇaṃ vā rūpāpekkhaṃ, ārammaṇaggahaṇaṃ nāmāpekkhaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Paradhammehī’’</span>ti idaṃ ārammaṇapaccayānaṃ visesanaṃ. Purimatthena hi vuttamevatthaṃ pacchimatthena pākaṭaṃ karoti. <span class="bld">Pabhāvitā</span>ti uppāditā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nāvāyantikūpamāyapi nāmarūpānaṃ avasavattitaṃ vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yathāpī’’</span>tiādinā tisso gāthā vuttā. <span class="bld">Nissāyā</span>ti patiṭṭhāya. <span class="bld">Yantī</span>ti gacchanti. <span class="bld">Manusse nissāyā</span>ti netubhūte niyāmakakammakārakādimanusse apassāya. Na hi tesaṃ araṇaggahaṇalaṅkārasaṇṭhāpanaudakussiñcanādikiriyāya <a name="V2.0344"></a> vinā nāvā icchitadesaṃ pāpuṇāti. <span class="bld">Ubho</span>ti aññamaññaṃ nāvaṃ nissāya manussā, manusse nissāya nāvāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Eva</span>nti <a name="M2.0367"></a> vuttappakārena. <span class="bld">Nānānayehī</span>ti paṭhamādīnaṃ sattannaṃ jhānānaṃ, tesaṃ upacārānañca vasena cuddasa arūpapariggahamukhāni, catudhātuvavatthāne vuttānaṃ terasannaṃ dhātupariggahamukhānaṃ dhātāyatanakhandhamahābhūtavasena, idha vuttānaṃ avuttānañca indriyasaccapaṭiccasamuppannānaṃ vasena samavīsati rūpapariggahamukhāni, tāni paccekaṃ ‘‘phasso vedanā citta’’nti imesaṃ sammukhabhāvena upaṭṭhitānaṃ tiṇṇaṃ arūpadhammānaṃ vasena tiguṇitāni samasaṭṭhi, cuddasa arūpapariggahamukhāni, tāni cāti catusattatiyā nāmarūpapariggahanayehi ceva sambahulasuttantarathagehamuṭṭhivīṇāsenārukkhadāruyantanaḷakalāpibherijaccandhapaṅguḷanāvāmanussūpamāhi ca nāmarūpapamattatāvavatthāpananayehi ca. <span class="bld">Sattasaññaṃ abhibhavitvā</span>ti anādikālabhāvitaṃ khandhapañcake attagāhaṃ vikkhambhetvā. <span class="bld">Nāmarūpānaṃ yāthāvadassana</span>nti ‘‘idaṃ nāmaṃ, ettakaṃ nāmaṃ, na ito bhiyyo. Idaṃ rūpaṃ, ettakaṃ rūpaṃ, na ito bhiyyo’’ti ca tesaṃ lakkhaṇasallakkhaṇamukhena dhammamattabhāvadassanaṃ. Attadiṭṭhimalavisodhanato <span class="bld">diṭṭhivisuddhī</span>ti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Etassevā</span>ti nāmarūpassa yāthāvadassanasseva.</p>
<p class="centered">Diṭṭhivisuddhiniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti aṭṭhārasamaparicchedavaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="chapter">19. Kaṅkhāvitaraṇavisuddhiniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">Paccayapariggahakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para678"></a><span class="paranum">678</span>. Anantaraniddiṭṭhāya <a name="M2.0368"></a><a name="V2.0345"></a> diṭṭhivisuddhiyā visayabhāvena dassitattā <span class="bld">‘‘etassevā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ, na tadaññato visesanatthaṃ tadaññasseva abhāvato. Ajjhattaṃ vā hi vipassanābhiniveso hotu bahiddhā vā, ajjhattasiddhiyaṃ pana lakkhaṇato sabbampi nāmarūpaṃ anavasesato pariggahitameva hotīti. <span class="bld">Paccayapariggahenā</span>ti hetumhi karaṇavacanaṃ. Paccayapariggahahetu hissa addhattayakaṅkhāvitaraṇaṃ hotīti, karaṇe vā etaṃ karaṇavacanaṃ paccayapariggahassa sādhakatamabhāvato kaṅkhāvitaraṇakiriyāya. Yadā hissa suparisuddho nijjaṭo niggumbo paccayapariggaho sijjhati, tadānena kaṅkhā vitarīyatīti. <span class="bld">Vitaritvā</span>ti atikkamitvā, vikkhambhetvāti attho. Taṃ pana ñāṇaṃ tathādhigataṃ vasībhāvappattaṃ jhānaṃ viya yogino santāne pabandhavasena pavattatīti katvā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ṭhitaṃ ñāṇa’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ta</span>nti kaṅkhāvitaraṇavisuddhiṃ. Taṃ sampādetukāmo āpajjatīti sambandho. Yāthāvato diṭṭhaṃ nāmarūpaṃ tividhadukkhatāyogato rogo viya. Paccayā cassa rogasamuṭṭhānaṃ viya upaṭṭhahantīti imamatthaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘yathā nāma…pe… pariyesatī’’</span>ti āha. Saṃsāradukkhanimuggassa santānassa tato vimocetukāmatāvasena anukampitabbatā labbhatīti tamatthaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yathā vā panā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Evameva ṭhite yadeke vadanti ‘‘anukampetabbakumārakadassanena tassa mātāpituāvajjanaṃ idha anudāharaṇaṃ nirodhetabbatāya nāmarūpassa anukampitabbatābhāvato’’ti, tadapāhataṃ hoti. Avassañcetaṃ evaṃ icchitabbaṃ, aññathā veneyyapuggalasantāne satthu mahākaruṇāpavatti eva vicāretabbā siyā. Mandabuddhitāya <span class="bld">mandaṃ</span>. Vuḍḍhataropi koci mandabuddhi hotīti tato visesanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kumāra’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. Yo koci paṭhamavaye vattamāno ‘‘kumāro’’ti vuccatīti tato visesanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘dahara’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. Evampi yo ādhāvitvā paridhāvitvā vicāraṇako taruṇadārako, sopi <a name="M2.0369"></a> ‘‘daharo’’ti <a name="V2.0346"></a> vuccatīti tato nivattanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘uttānaseyyaka’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. Catūhipi padehi karuṇāyitabbataṃyeva dasseti. <span class="bld">Āpajjatī</span>ti karoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā panassa hetupaccayapariyesanāpatti hoti, taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘so’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha byatirekamukhena attho sādhito sammadeva sādhito hotīti ahetukabhāvaṃ tāva paṭikkhipanto <span class="bld">‘‘na tāvidaṃ nāmarūpaṃ ahetuka’’</span>nti vatvā tattha kāraṇamāha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbatthā’’</span>tiādinā. Hetumantarena sati sambhave sabbadhammānaṃ hetuabhāvo samānoti sabbasamānatā siyā, tathā ca sati sotapadesādīsu, bahiddhā ca cakkhuviññāṇādihetuabhāvoti sabbattha, cakkhādīnaṃ uppattito pubbe, paribhedato uddhañca hetuabhāvoti sabbadā ca andhādīnaṃ arūpīnaṃ, asaññīnañca hetuabhāvoti sabbesañca cakkhuviññāṇādīhi bhavitabbaṃ, hetuabhāvā visesato tañca natthīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbattha sabbadā sabbesañca ekasadisabhāvāpattito’’</span>ti. Nidassanamattañcetaṃ yadidaṃ ‘‘cakkhuviññāṇādīsu hī’’ti. Yattakā loke visesā, tehi sabbesaṃ, sabbakālañca bhavitabbanti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena vā tesampi gahaṇaṃ katamevāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Tasmā ahetukabhāve visiṭṭhatāya asambhavo evāti sabbattha ekasadisabhāvāpattito, sabbadā ekasadisabhāvāpattito, sabbesaṃ ekasadisabhāvāpattitoti paccekaṃ sambandho veditabbo. Evaṃ ahetubhāve paṭisiddhe visamahetuvādī vadeyya ‘‘na idaṃ ahetukaṃ kiñcarahi sahetukaṃ, kena pana hetunā sahetukanti? Issarādinā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena pakatipurisapajāpatikālādīnaṃ gahaṇaṃ veditabbaṃ, taṃ paṭikkhipanto āha <span class="bld">‘‘na issarādihetuka’’</span>ntiādi. Na nāmarūpaṃ issarādihetukaṃ nāmarūpato aññassa anupalabbhamānattā issarapakatiādinameva abhāvato. Yadi pana asato issarādito nāmarūpassa uppatti, evaṃ sati sā eva sabbattha sabbadā sabbesaṃ ekasadisatā āpajjati. Atha nāmarūpamattameva issarādihetukaṃ, nāmarūpañca ahutvā sambhavantaṃ, hutvā ca vinassantaṃ dissatīti issarādīhipi tādisehi bhavitabbaṃ. Tathā ca tadapi sappaccayaṃ saṅkhatamevāti tassāpi paccayapariggaho kātabbo. Atha <a name="M2.0370"></a> taṃ nuppajjati, ahetukatā tassa āpannā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ahetukabhāvāpattito’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica na issarādihetukaṃ nāmarūpaṃ. Kiṃ kāraṇaṃ? Kamena uppattito. Yadi hi evaṃ niccaṃ <a name="V2.0347"></a> issarādisaññitaṃ kammakilesindriyārammaṇādinirapekkhakāraṇampi siyā, sabbesaṃyeva ekajjhaṃ uppatti siyā, yattakehi tato uppajjitabbaṃ. Kasmā? Kāraṇassa sannihitabhāvato. Yadi pana tassa icchāvasena tassa uppattiṃ parikappeyyuṃ, tāsañca icchānaṃ ekajjhaṃ uppattiyaṃ ko vibandho. Atha aññampi kiñci kammakilesindriyārammaṇādiapekkhitabbaṃ atthīti ce? Tadeva hetu kāraṇaṃ, kimaññena adiṭṭhasāmatthiyena parikappitena payojanaṃ? Diṭṭhañhi kammādīnaṃ sāmatthiyaṃ tadaññapaccayasannidhānepi tadabhāve abhāvato. Yathā hi rūpālokamanasikārasannidhānepi cakkhuno abhāve cakkhuviññāṇassa abhāvaṃ, bhāve ca bhāvaṃ disvā cakkhuno cakkhuviññāṇuppādanasamatthatā atthīti viññāyati. Yathā ca yvāyaṃ yamakānampi samānānaṃ janakajananīsukkasoṇitādibāhirapaccayasamabhāvepi sattānaṃ hīnapaṇītatādiviseso dissati, so ca sasantāne tādisassa aññassa hetuno abhāvā kammakilesahetukoti tassa tattha samatthatā atthīti viññāyati, na evamissarādikassa. Kāraṇassa hi bhāvābhāve phalassa bhāvābhāvehi kāraṇassa samatthatā viññāyeyya. Na ca sannihite tadakāraṇassa nāmarūpassa issarādivekallena katthaci anuppatti diṭṭhā, tasmā akāraṇamissaro.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Athāpi saggo evaṃ issarādihetuko vucceyya, sopi saggappakāro sabbakālaṃ tato nibbatteyya. Na hi sannihitakāraṇassa phalassa anuppatti yuttā. Nicce ca sati aññanirapekkhakāraṇe saggassa ādiyeva na yutto, yāva issarādikaṃ kāraṇaṃ, tāva sabbassa atthibhāvappasaṅgato. Athāpi vadeyya ‘‘aññepi yathārahaṃ paccayā hontiyeva, issarādikampi tesaṃ sahakārīkāraṇaṃ hotī’’ti. Yadettha vattabbaṃ, taṃ heṭṭhā vuttameva. Yadi paro vadeyya ‘‘idha buddhipubbo bhāvānaṃ racanāviseso diṭṭho, yathā taṃ ghaṭagehādīnaṃ. Atthi ca ajjhattikabāhirānaṃ sarīrapadumādīnaṃ racanāviseso, tasmā tenāpi buddhipubbena bhavitabbaṃ. Yassa ca so buddhipubbo, so issarādiko, tasmā tena nāmarūpasaññitassa lokassa kāraṇena bhavitabba’’nti. Tayidaṃ asiddhaṃ, racitā sarīrapadumādayoti <a name="M2.0371"></a> tattheva uppannattā. Uppannassa hi sannivesavasena tathā tathā paṭṭhapanaṃ ‘‘racanā’’ti vuccati. Anekantiko cāyaṃ abuddhipubbassāpi diṭṭhattā. Diṭṭho hi nhāruādīnaṃ aggisaṃyogena racanāviseso, tathā visussantānaṃ pubbacammādīnaṃ. Yadi panāyamissarādiko gavassajagadrabhādīnaṃ karīsāvatte paṭimahutaṃ raceyya, ummatto viya vikkhitto siyā. Kiñcāyaṃ lokaṃ sajjento attatthaṃ vā sajjeyya lokatthaṃ vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="V2.0348"></a> ca yadi purimo makkho katakicco na siyā lokena sādhetabbassa atthibhāvato. Atha dutiyo, kasmā lokassa ahitadukkhāvahaṃ pāpaṃ nirayādiṃ, jarāmaraṇādiñca sajati? Atha tadubhayaṃ anāmasitvā kīḷatthaṃ sajati. Kīḷā ca nāma ratiatthā hoti. Vinā kīḷāya ratiṃ ajānantānaṃ ratiatthañca kīḷamārabhanto ratiyaṃ issaro anissaro siyā. Atha payojananirapekkho, sabbakālaṃ sajeyya, tassa cāyaṃ sajanasamatthatā ahetukā vā siyā sahetukā vā. Ahetukā ce, sabbesaṃ siyā sahetukā vā. Ahetukā ce, sabbesampi siyā. Atha sahetukā, so cassa hetu parato vā sambhūto siyā attato vā. Tattha parato ce sambhūto, yadassa so laddho, tassāyaṃ veyyāvaccakarasadiso siyā. Atha attato taduppattito pubbe ayaṃ kīdiso loko cāti sabbamidaṃ ālunavisiṇaṃ ākulabyākulaṃ goyūthena gatamaggasadisapheṇapiṇḍasamaṃ avimaddakkhamaṃ asāraṃ. Tiṭṭhatu pasaṅgo, yathādhikatameva vaṇṇayissāma. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā idaṃ nāmarūpaṃ na ahetukaṃ, nāpi issarādivisamahetukaṃ, tasmā. <span class="bld">Te</span>ti hetupaccayā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para679"></a><span class="paranum">679</span>. Oḷārikattā, supākaṭattā ca rūpassa paccayapariggaho sukaroti <span class="bld">‘‘imassa tāva rūpakāyassā’’</span>tiādinā paṭhamaṃ tassa paccayapariggahavidhiṃ ārabhati. Tattha yathā nāmarūpassa paccayapariggaho ahetuvisamahetuvādanivattiyā hoti, evaṃ nibbidāvirāgāvahabhāvena tattha abhiratinivattiyāpi icchitabboti taṃ gabbhaseyyakavasena dassento nibbattaṭṭhānassa sucibhāvapaṭisedhanamukhena asucibhāvaṃ vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ayaṃ kāyo’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha uppalādīni asuciṭṭhāne nibbattānipi <a name="M2.0372"></a> sayaṃ sucisammatānevāti taṃdassanatthaṃ abbhantaraggahaṇaṃ. Tenāha bhagavā –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yathā saṅkāradhānasmiṃ, ujjhitasmiṃ mahāpathe;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Padumaṃ tattha jāyetha, sucigandhaṃ manorama’’nti. (dha. pa. 58);</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Nibbattatī’’</span>ti idaṃ mātukucchiyaṃ paṭisandhipavattīsu rūpakāyassa nibbattanasāmaññato gahetvā vuttaṃ, na paṭhamābhinibbattimattaṃ. Evañca katvā āhārassa upatthambhakapaccayatāvacanaṃ, udarapaṭalassa pacchato karaṇādivacanaṃ, duggandhajegucchapaṭikkūlatāvacanañca samatthitaṃ hoti. Evamavaṭṭhite yadekaccehi piṭṭhito, purato ca karaṇaṃ kiṃ siyā paṭisandhikāletiādi vuttaṃ, taṃ <a name="V2.0349"></a> apāhataṃ hoti. <span class="bld">‘‘Nibbattakattā’’</span>ti iminā bījaṃ viya aṅkurassa avijjādayo rūpakāyassa asādhāraṇakāraṇatāya <span class="bld">hetū</span>ti dasseti. <span class="bld">‘‘Upatthambhakattā’’</span>ti iminā pana aṅkurassa pathavīsalilapārisiādayo viya āhāro sādhāraṇakāraṇatāya <span class="bld">paccayo</span>ti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pañca dhammā hetupaccayā</span>ti avijjādayo pañca dhammā yathārahaṃ hetu ca paccayo cāti attho. Bhavesu vijjamānadosapaṭicchādanapatthanā daḷhaggāhabhāvena saṅkhārabhavānaṃ hetubhūtā janakasahāyatāya bhavanikanti taṃsahajātaāsannakāraṇattā abhisaṅkhārikā, apassayabhūtā cāti <span class="bld">‘‘mātā viya dārakassa upanissayā’’</span>ti vuttā. Yathā pitu janitasukke puttassa uppattīti pitā janako, evaṃ <span class="bld">kammaṃ</span> sattassa uppādakattā <span class="bld">janakaṃ</span> vuttaṃ. Yathā <span class="bld">dhāti</span> jātassa dārakassa posanavasena sandhārikā, evaṃ <span class="bld">āhāro</span> uppannassa kāyassāti <span class="bld">sandhārako</span> vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāmañcettha avijjādayo nāmakāyassāpi paccayo, pakārantarena pana tassa pākaṭaṃ paccayapariggahavidhiṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘cakkhuñca paṭiccā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">cakkhuñcā</span>ti <span class="bld">ca</span>-saddo samuccayattho. Tena cakkhuviññāṇassa āvajjanādiajjhattaṃ sabbaṃ paccayajātaṃ saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Rūpe cā</span>ti pana <span class="bld">ca</span>-saddena yathā bahulaṃ bāhirarūpaṃ cakkhuviññāṇassa ārammaṇapaccayo, evaṃ aññampi bāhiraṃ paccayajātaṃ saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Paṭiccā</span>ti paccayabhūtaṃ <a name="M2.0373"></a> laddhāti attho. Tena cakkhussa nissayapurejātaindriyavippayuttaatthiavigatavasena, rūpassa ārammaṇapurejātaatthiavigatavasena, itaresañca saṅgahitānaṃ anantarādisahajātādivasena paccayabhāvaṃ dasseti. Vacanabhede pana kāraṇaṃ heṭṭhā vuttameva. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena ca phassādīnaṃ viya sahapaccayehi sotaviññāṇādīnaṃ saṅgaho veditabbo ‘‘tiṇṇaṃ saṅgati phasso’’tiādipāṭhassa (ma. ni. 1.204; 3.421, 425-426; saṃ. ni. 2.43-45; kathā. 465, 467) viya ‘‘sotañca paṭiccā’’tiādipāṭhassa saṅgahitattā. Evaṃ sammasanupagaṃ sabbaṃ nāmaṃ sahapaccayena saṅgahitaṃ hoti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘nāmakāyassa paccayapariggahaṃ karotī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pavattiṃ disvā</span>ti etarahi pavattiṃ disvā. <span class="bld">Eva</span>nti iminā na kevalaṃ sappaccayatāmattameva paccāmaṭṭhaṃ, atha kho yādisehi paccayehi etarahi pavattati, tādisehi avijjādipaccayeheva atītepi pavattitthāti paccayasadisatāpi paccāmaṭṭhāti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para680"></a><span class="paranum">680</span>. <span class="bld">Pubbanta</span>nti <a name="V2.0350"></a> atītaṃ khandhappabandhakoṭṭhāsaṃ. <span class="bld">Ārabbhā</span>ti uddissa. <span class="bld">Ahosiṃ nu kho, na nu kho ahosi</span>nti sassatākāraṃ, adhiccasamuppattiākārañca nissāya atīte attano vijjamānataṃ, avijjamānatañca kaṅkhati. <span class="bld">Kiṃ nu kho ahosi</span>nti jātiliṅgūpapattiyo nissāya ‘‘khattiyo nu kho ahosiṃ, brāhmaṇādīsu gahaṭṭhādīsu devādīsu aññataro nu kho’’ti kaṅkhati. <span class="bld">Kathaṃ nu kho</span>ti saṇṭhānākāraṃ nissāya ‘‘dīgho nu kho ahosiṃ, rassaodātakāḷapamāṇikaappamāṇikādīnampi aññataro’’ti kaṅkhati. Issaranimmānādiṃ nissāya ‘‘kena nu kho pakārena ahosi’’nti nibbattākārato kaṅkhatīti ca vadanti. <span class="bld">Kiṃ hutvā kiṃ ahosi</span>nti jātiādiṃ nissāya ‘‘khattiyo hutvā nu kho brāhmaṇo ahosiṃ…pe… devo hutvā nu kho manusso ahosi’’nti attano aparāparuppattiṃ kaṅkhati. Sabbattheva ca <span class="bld">addhāna</span>nti kālādhivacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhavissāmi nu kho</span>ti sassatākāraṃ, ucchedākārañca nissāya anāgate attano vijjamānataṃ, avijjamānatañca kaṅkhati. Sesamettha vuttanayameva. <span class="bld">Etarahi vā pana paccuppannaṃ addhāna</span>nti idāni vā paṭisandhimādiṃ katvā cutipariyantaṃ sabbampi vattamānakālaṃ. <span class="bld">Ajjhattaṃ kathaṃkathī hotī</span>ti attano khandhesu vicikicchā hoti. <span class="bld">Ahaṃ nu khosmī</span>ti attano atthibhāvaṃ kaṅkhati. Ayuttaṃ <a name="M2.0374"></a> panetanti. Yuttaṃ ayuttanti kā ettha cintā. Ummattako viya hi bālaputhujjano. <span class="bld">No nu khosmī</span>ti attano natthibhāvaṃ kaṅkhati. <span class="bld">Kiṃ nu khosmī</span>ti khattiyova samāno attano khattiyabhāvaṃ kaṅkhati. Esa nayo sesesu. <span class="bld">Kathaṃ nu khosmi</span>nti vuttanayameva. Kevalañhettha ‘‘abbhantare jīvo nāma atthī’’ti gahetvā tassa dīghādibhāvaṃ kaṅkhanto ‘‘kathaṃ nu khosmi’’nti kaṅkhatīti veditabbo. Paccuppannaṃ pana attano sarīrasaṇṭhānaṃ ajānanto nāma natthi. <span class="bld">Kuto āgato, so kuhiṃ gāmī bhavissatī</span>ti attabhāvassa āgatigatiṭṭhānaṃ kaṅkhati. <span class="bld">Sā sabbāpi pahīyatī</span>ti sā yathāvuttā soḷasavidhāpi vicikicchā vikkhambhanavasena pahīyati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para681"></a><span class="paranum">681</span>. Kusalādibhedato sabbappakārassāpi nāmassa sādhāraṇo paccayoti, tato pavattito manasikārādiko kusalādibhedato sabbappakārassāpi nāmassa asādhāraṇo paccayoti ca yojetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Kusalādibhedato</span>ti kusalākusalavipākakiriyabhedato. Tassāpi somanassasahagatādiaññatarabhedavasena <span class="bld">sabbappakārassāpi</span>. Yaṃ ekantato chadvārikaṃ, tampi chadvāraggahaṇeneva gahitaṃ yathā chaṭṭhārammaṇaṃ chaḷārammaṇaggahaṇenātipi vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sabbappakārassāpī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tato</span>ti cakkhurūpādito. <span class="bld">Manasikārādiko</span>ti yonisomanasikāraayonisomanasikārādiko<a name="V2.0351"></a>, kammabhavaṅgādiko ca. Kāmañcettha dvāracchakkayonisomanasikārādivasena nāmasseva sādhāraṇo, asādhāraṇo ca paccayo vutto, taṃ pana avisesavasena vuttaṃ. Visesato pana kammaṃ vipākanāmassa, kammasamuṭṭhānarūpānañca cittaṃ cetasikanāmassa, cittasamuṭṭhānarūpānañca sādhāraṇo paccayo, yathāvuttasseva ca nāmassa, rūpassa ca tadaññanāmarūpāpekkhāya asādhāraṇo paccayo. Tathā sabhāgo, utusabhāgo ca āhāro taṃsamuṭṭhānarūpānaṃ sādhāraṇo paccayo, tadaññāpekkhāya asādhāraṇoti rūpassāpi sādhāraṇo, asādhāraṇo ca paccayo yathārahaṃ niddhāretabbo. Paccayapariggaho nāma anadhigatārahattena kātabboti tadapekkhāya <span class="bld">‘‘yonisomanasikārasaddhammassavanādiko kusalassevā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena sappurisūpanissayassa, catunnampi vā sampatticakkānaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Viparīto akusalassā</span>ti vacanato yathā yonisomanasikārādiviparīto akusalasseva <a name="M2.0375"></a> paccayo, tathā yonisomanasikārādi kusalasseva paccayo hotīti attho. Yassa vā kusalaṃ sambhavati, akusalaṃ sambhavati, kusalākusalāni vā, tassāti atthasiddhametaṃ. <span class="bld">Kammādiko</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena avijjādayo viya gatikālādayopi saṅgahitāti daṭṭhabbā. <span class="bld">Bhavaṅgādiko</span>ti bhavaṅgasantīraṇaparittakiriyārahattādiko. Tattha <span class="bld">bhavaṅgaṃ</span> pañcadvāramanodvārāvajjanakiriyānaṃ, <span class="bld">santīraṇaṃ</span> voṭṭhabbanassa, <span class="bld">parittakiriyā</span> yathārahaṃ parittamahaggatakiriyānaṃ, <span class="bld">arahattaṃ</span> āvajjanavajjānaṃ sabbakiriyānaṃ paccayoti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kamma</span>nti cetanāva adhippetā, sā ca kho kusalākusalā. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘kusalākusalacetanā vipākānaṃ khandhānaṃ, kaṭattā ca rūpānaṃ kammapaccayena paccayo’’ti (paṭṭhā. 1.1.427). Na cittaṃ viya sasampayuttā. Cittañhettha sasampayuttaṃ adhippetaṃ ‘‘hetū hetusampayuttakānaṃ dhammānaṃ, taṃsamuṭṭhānānañca rūpānaṃ hetupaccayena paccayo’’tiādivacanato (paṭṭhā. 1.1.1). <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti tesu kammādīsu rūpajanakapaccayesu. Atītato eva kammato phalaṃ uppajjati, na vattamānatoti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kammaṃ atītameva kammasamuṭṭhānassa rūpassa paccayo’’</span>ti. Yadi hi paccuppannato kammato phalaṃ uppajjeyya, āyūhanakkhaṇe eva phalena uppajjitabbaṃ bhaveyya, na ca taṃ diṭṭhamicchitaṃ vā. Na hi loke kudācanaṃ kariyamānameva kammaṃ phalaṃ dentaṃ diṭṭhaṃ, tathārūpo vā āgamo atthīti. Nanu ca idamapi na diṭṭhaṃ, yaṃ vinaṭṭhato hetuto phalaṃ uppajjamānaṃ, mato vā kukkuṭo vassantoti? Saccamadiṭṭhaṃ rūpadhammānaṃ pabandhavicchede, idaṃ pana arūpaṃ pabandhopi atthīti upamā na saṃsandati. Kammato hi atītato <a name="V2.0352"></a> eva kammassa katattā, upacitattā ca phalaṃ uppajjati. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘kāmāvacarassa kusalassa kammassa katattā upacitattā vipākaṃ cakkhuviññāṇaṃ uppannaṃ hotī’’tiādi (dha. sa. 431). Yasmā anantarādipaccayalābhato uppādakkhaṇe eva cittassa balavatā, tasmā taṃ uppajjamānameva rūpaṃ janetīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘cittaṃ cittasamuṭṭhānassa uppajjamāna’’</span>nti. Rūpassa paccayo hotīti sambandho. Yasmā pana rūpassa ṭhitikkhaṇe balavatā pacchājātādipaccayalābhato, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘utuāhārā…pe… hontī’’</span>ti, bāhiraṃ utuṃ, āhārañca paccayaṃ labhitvā attano ṭhitikkhaṇe utuāhārā rūpaṃ janentīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Eva</span>nti <a name="M2.0376"></a> ‘‘sādhāraṇāsādhāraṇavasenā’’tiādinā vuttappakārena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para682"></a><span class="paranum">682</span>. <span class="bld">Saṅkhārāna</span>nti saṅkhatasaṅkhārānaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhaṅga</span>nti maraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Jarāmaraṇaṃ nāma jātiyā satī</span>tiādi phaladassanānupubbiyā hetudassanakkamena nāmarūpassa paccayapariggaho sukaroti katvā dassito. Tattha <span class="bld">bhave satī</span>ti kammabhave sati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para683"></a><span class="paranum">683</span>. <span class="bld">Pubbe vitthāretvā dassitaanulomapaṭiccasamuppādavasenā</span>ti pariyosānato paṭṭhāya paṭilomanayena ādipāpanavasena vitthāretvā dassitaanulomapaṭiccasamuppādavasena. ‘‘Asati jātiyā natthi jarāmaraṇa’’ntiādinā (saṃ. ni. 2.4) hi paṭilomavasena dassite paccayākāre ‘‘yassa abhāvā yassa abhāvo, so tassa paccayo’’ti byatirekato, anvayato ca nāmarūpassa paccayapariggaho sukaroti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para684"></a><span class="paranum">684</span>. <span class="bld">Purimakammabhavasmiṃ moho</span>tiādi vuttatthameva. Kammasahāyattā kilesavaṭṭaṃ kammavaṭṭe pakkhitvā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kammavaṭṭavipākavaṭṭavasenā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para685"></a><span class="paranum">685</span>. Diṭṭhadhammo vuccati paccakkhabhūto paccuppanno attabhāvo, tattha veditabbaphalaṃ kammaṃ <span class="bld">diṭṭhadhammavedanīyaṃ</span>. Paccuppannabhavato anantaraṃ veditabbaphalaṃ kammaṃ <span class="bld">upapajjavedanīyaṃ. Aparāpariyāye</span>ti diṭṭhadhammānantarānāgatato aññasmiṃ attabhāvapariyāye attabhāvaparivatte. <span class="bld">Ahosikamma</span>nti ahosi eva kammaṃ, na tassa vipāko ahosi, ‘‘atthi, bhavissati vā’’ti evaṃ vattabbakammaṃ. Paṭipakkhehi anabhibhūtatāya, paccayavisesena paṭiladdhavisesatāya ca balavabhāvaṃ pattā tādisassa <a name="V2.0353"></a> pubbābhisaṅkhārassa vasena sātisayā hutvā pavattā paṭhamajavanacetanā tasmiṃyeva attabhāve phaladāyinī <span class="bld">diṭṭhadhammavedanīyā</span> nāma. Sā hi vuttākārena balavati javanasantāne guṇavisesayuttesu upakārāpakāravasappavattiyā, āsevanālābhena appavipākatāya ca paṭhamajavanacetanā itaradvayaṃ viya pavattasantānuparamāpekkhaṃ, okāsalābhāpekkhañca kammaṃ na hotīti idheva pupphamattaṃ viya pavattivipākamattaṃ phalaṃ deti. <span class="bld">Tathā asakkonta</span>nti kammassa vipākadānaṃ nāma upadhipayogādipaccayantarasamavāyeneva hotīti tadabhāvato <a name="M2.0377"></a> tasmiṃyeva attabhāve vipākaṃ dātuṃ asakkontaṃ. <span class="bld">Atthasādhikā</span>ti dānādipāṇātipātādiatthassa nipphādikā. Kā pana sāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sattamajavanacetanā’’</span>ti. Sā hi sanniṭṭhāpakacetanā vuttanayena paṭiladdhavisesā, purimajavanacetanāhi laddhāsevanā ca samānā anantarattabhāve vipākadāyinī <span class="bld">upapajjavedanīyakammaṃ</span> nāma. <span class="bld">‘‘Sati saṃsārappavattiyā’’</span>ti iminā asati saṃsārappavattiyaṃ ahosikammapakkhe tiṭṭhati vipaccanokāsassa abhāvatoti dīpeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para686"></a><span class="paranum">686</span>. <span class="bld">Yaṃ garuka</span>nti yaṃ akusalaṃ mahāsāvajjaṃ, kusalaṃ mahānubhāvaṃ kammaṃ. <span class="bld">Yaṃ bahula</span>nti yaṃ bahulaṃ abhiṇhaso kataṃ samāsevitaṃ. <span class="bld">Maraṇakāle anussarita</span>nti paribyattabhāvena maraṇassa āsannakāle anussaritaṃ. Āsannakāle kate vattabbameva natthīti hi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Punappunaṃ laddhāsevana’’</span>nti iminā ‘‘yaṃ bahula’’nti vuttakammato viseseti. Tathā diṭṭhadhammavedanīyaṃ nivatteti paṭisandhiākaḍḍhanānujānanato. Paṭisandhijanakavasena hi garukādikammacatukkaṃ vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha garukaṃ sabbapaṭhamaṃ vipaccati. Tathā hi taṃ garukanti vuttaṃ. Garuke asati bahulīkataṃ, tasmiṃ asati āsannaṃ, tasmimpi asati ‘‘kaṭattā vā panā’’ti vuttaṃ purimajātīsu katakammaṃ vipaccati. Bahulāsannapubbakatesu ca balābalaṃ vā jānitabbaṃ, pāpato pāpantaraṃ, kalyāṇañca, kalyāṇato ca kalyāṇantaraṃ, pāpañca, bahulīkatato ca mahato ca pubbakatādi, appañca. Bahulānussaraṇena vippaṭisārādijananato paṭipakkhassa aparipuṇṇatāya āraddhavipākassa kammassa, kammasesassa vā aparāpariyāye vedanīyassa aparikkhīṇatāya santatiyā pariṇāmavisesatoti tehi tehi kāraṇehi āhitabalaṃ paṭhamaṃ vipaccati. <span class="bld">Mahānāradakassapajātake</span> videharañño senāpati alāto, bījako dāso, rājakaññā rucā ca ettha nidassanaṃ. Tathā hi vuttaṃ bhagavatā –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Tatrānanda<a name="V2.0354"></a>, yvāyaṃ puggalo idha pāṇātipātī…pe… micchādiṭṭhi kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati. Pubbe vāssa taṃ kataṃ hoti pāpakammaṃ dukkhavedanīyaṃ, pacchā vāssa taṃ kataṃ hoti pāpakammaṃ dukkhavedanīyaṃ<a name="M2.0378"></a>, maraṇakāle vāssa hoti micchādiṭṭhi samattā samādinnā, tena so kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati. Yañca kho so idha pāṇātipātī hoti…pe… micchādiṭṭhi hoti, tassa diṭṭhe vā dhamme vipākaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti upapajja vā apare vā pariyāye.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Tatrānanda, yvāyaṃ puggalo idha pāṇātipātī…pe… micchādiṭṭhi kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati. Pubbe vāssa taṃ kataṃ hoti kalyāṇakammaṃ sukhavedanīyaṃ, pacchā vāssa taṃ kataṃ hoti kalyāṇakammaṃ sukhavedanīyaṃ, maraṇakāle vāssa hoti sammādiṭṭhi samattā samādinnā, tena so kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati. Yañca kho so idha pāṇātipātī hoti…pe… micchādiṭṭhi hoti, tassa diṭṭhe vā dhamme vipākaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti upapajja vā apare vā pariyāye.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Tatrānanda, yvāyaṃ puggalo idha pāṇātipātā paṭivirato…pe… sammādiṭṭhi kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati. Pubbe vāssa taṃ kataṃ hoti kalyāṇakammaṃ sukhavedanīyaṃ, pacchā vāssa taṃ kataṃ hoti kalyāṇakammaṃ sukhavedanīyaṃ, maraṇakāle vāssa hoti sammādiṭṭhi samattā samādinnā, tena so kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati. Yañca kho so idha pāṇātipātā paṭivirato…pe… sammādiṭṭhi hoti, tassa diṭṭhe vā dhamme vipākaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti upapajja vā apare vā pariyāye.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Tatrānanda, yvāyaṃ puggalo idha pāṇātipātā paṭivirato…pe… sammādiṭṭhi kāyassa bhedā paraṃ…pe… nirayaṃ upapajjati. Pubbe vāssa taṃ kataṃ hoti pāpakammaṃ dukkhavedanīyaṃ, pacchā vāssa taṃ kataṃ hoti pāpakammaṃ dukkhavedanīyaṃ, maraṇakāle vāssa hoti micchādiṭṭhi samattā samādinnā, tena so kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ <a name="V2.0355"></a> …pe… nirayaṃ upapajjati. Yañca kho so idha pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti…pe… sammādiṭṭhi <a name="M2.0379"></a> hoti, tassa diṭṭhe vā dhamme vipākaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti upapajja vā apare vā pariyāye’’ti (ma. ni. 3.303).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kiṃ bahunā yaṃ taṃ tathāgatassa mahākammavibhaṅgañāṇaṃ, tassevāyaṃ visayo, yadidaṃ tassa tassa kammassa tena tena kāraṇena pubbāparavipākatā sāmatthiyaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para687"></a><span class="paranum">687</span>. Paṭisandhidānādivasena vipākasantānassa nibbattakaṃ janakaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘taṃ paṭisandhiyampi pavattepi rūpārūpavipākakkhandhe janetī’’</span>ti. Sukhadukkhasantānassa, nāmarūpappabandhassa vā ciratarappavattihetubhūtaṃ upatthambhakaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sukhadukkhaṃ upatthambheti, addhānaṃ pavattetī’’</span>ti. Upapīḷakaṃ sukhadukkhappabandhe pavattamāne saṇikaṃ saṇikaṃ taṃ hāpeti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sukhadukkhaṃ pīḷeti bādhati, addhānaṃ pavattituṃ na detī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ghātetvā</span>ti upacchinditvā. Kammassa upacchindanaṃ nāma tassa vipākapaṭibāhanamevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tassa vipākaṃ paṭibāhitvā’’</span>ti. Tañca attano vipākuppattiyā okāsakaraṇanti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘attano vipākassa okāsaṃ karotī’’</span>ti. Vipaccanāya katokāsaṃ kammaṃ vipakkameva nāma hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ pana kammena kate okāse taṃ vipākaṃ uppannaṃ nāma vuccatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Upapīḷakaṃ</span> aññassa vipākaṃ upacchindati, na sayaṃ attano vipākaṃ deti. <span class="bld">Upaghātakaṃ</span> pana dubbalaṃ kammaṃ upacchinditvā attano vipākaṃ uppādetīti ayametesaṃ viseso. Bavhābādhatādipaccayūpanipātena vipākassa vibādhakaṃ <span class="bld">upapīḷakaṃ,</span> tathā vipākasseva upacchedakaṃ <span class="bld">upaghātakaṃ</span>. Kammaṃ upaghātetvā attano vipākassa okāsakaraṇena vipaccane sati janakameva siyā, janakādibhāvo nāma vipākaṃ pati icchitabbo, na kammaṃ patīti vipākasseva upaghātakatā yuttā viya dissati, vīmaṃsitabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kammantara</span>nti kammaviseso kammānaṃ balābalabhedo. <span class="bld">Vipākantara</span>nti vipākaviseso, tassa hīnapaṇītatādibhedo. Aparo nayo – yasmiṃ kamme kate paṭisandhiyaṃ, pavatte ca vipākakaṭattārūpānaṃ uppatti hoti, taṃ <span class="bld">janakaṃ</span>. Yasmiṃ pana kate aññena janitassa iṭṭhassa vā aniṭṭhassa vā phalassa vibādhakavicchedakapaccayānuppattiyā, upabrūhanapaccayuppattiyā ca janakānubhāvānurūpaṃ pariposaciratarappabandhā honti, taṃ <span class="bld">upatthambhakaṃ</span>. Janakena <a name="M2.0380"></a> nibbattitaṃ kusalaphalaṃ vā akusalaphalaṃ vā yena paccanīkabhūtena rogadhātusamatādinimittatāya bādhīyati, taṃ <span class="bld">upapīḷakaṃ</span><a name="V2.0356"></a>. Yena pana kammunā janakasāmatthiyavasena ciratarappabandhārahampi samānaṃ phalaṃ vicchedakapaccayuppattiyā upahaññati vicchijjati, taṃ <span class="bld">upaghātakaṃ</span>. Tattha keci dutiyassa kusalabhāvaṃ itthannāmagatassa appābādhadīghāyukatāsaṃvattanavasena, pacchimānaṃ dvinnaṃ akusalabhāvaṃ bavhābādhaappāyukatāsaṃvattanavasena vaṇṇenti. Devadattādīnaṃ, pana nāgādīnaṃ, ito anupadinnena yāpanakapetānañca narakādīsu akusalavipākupatthambhanupapīḷanupaghātakāni na na santīti catunnampi akusalākusalabhāvo na virujjhati. Buddhāveṇikatāya asādhāraṇasseva ñāṇassa gocarabhāvato kammantarādi <span class="bld">‘‘asādhāraṇaṃ sāvakehī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ekadesato jānitabbaṃ</span> anavasesato jānituṃ na sakkā avisayattā. Sabbena sabbaṃ ajānane paccayapariggaho na paripūratīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para688"></a><span class="paranum">688</span>. Yathāvuttaṃ kammaṃ vattamānavipākappabandhanimittameva adhippetanti kammekadesatāya <span class="bld">‘‘dvādasavidhaṃ kammaṃ kammavaṭṭe pakkhipitvā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Kilesavaṭṭampi kammasahāyatāya kammavaṭṭapakkhikameva katvā āha <span class="bld">‘‘kammavaṭṭavipākavaṭṭavasenā’’</span>ti. Yādisato paccayato paccuppanne addhāne nāmarūpassa pavatti, tādisato eva itarasmimpi addhadvayeti yathā atītānāgate nayaṃ neti, taṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘ida’’</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">anāgatepi kammavaṭṭavipākavaṭṭavasenevā</span>ti ettha vuttaṃ <span class="bld">eva</span>-saddaṃ ‘‘etarahi atītepī’’ti etthāpi ānetvā vattabbaṃ addhattayepi kiriyākiriyaphalamattatādassanaparattā codanāya. <span class="bld">Iti kammañcevā</span>tiādi vuttassevatthassa nigamanavasena vuttaṃ. Aparāparaṃ vaṭṭanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">vaṭṭaṃ</span>. Tathā pavattanaṃ <span class="bld">pavattaṃ</span>. Hetuphalabhāvena sambandhatīti <span class="bld">santati,</span> pabandho. Karaṇaṭṭhena, paccayehi karīyatīti vā <span class="bld">kiriyā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kammā</span>ti kammato. Sambhavati etasmāti sambhavo, kammaṃ sambhavo etassāti <span class="bld">kammasambhavo,</span> vipāko.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāraṇasāmaggiyaṃ dānādīhi sādhitakiriyāya vattamānāya kāraṇamatte kattuvohāroti āha <span class="bld">‘‘neva kāraṇato uddhaṃ kārakaṃ passatī’’</span>ti. Karotīti hi <span class="bld">kārakaṃ</span>. Vipākapaṭisaṃvedakaṃ na passatīti sambandho<a name="M2.0381"></a>. Kāmaṃ bālāpi ‘‘kārako paṭisaṃvedako’’ti vadantā atthato paññattimattameva vadanti, te pana viparītābhinivesavasenāpi vadantīti taṃ appamāṇanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘samaññāmattena paṇḍitā voharantī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para689"></a><span class="paranum">689</span>. <span class="bld">Eveta</span>nti <a name="V2.0357"></a> evaṃvidhaṃ etaṃ dassanaṃ, <span class="bld">sammadassanaṃ,</span> aviparītadassananti attho. <span class="bld">Bījarukkhādikānaṃvā</span>ti yathā bījato rukkho, rukkhato puna bījanti anādikālikattā bījarukkhasantānassa pubbakoṭi natthi, evaṃ kammapaccayā vipāko, vipākapaccayā kammanti anādikālikattā kammavipākasantānassa pubbakoṭi na paññāyati. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena ‘‘kukkuṭiyā aṇḍaṃ, aṇḍato kukkuṭī, punapi kukkuṭiyā aṇḍa’’nti evamādiṃ saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Anāgatepi saṃsāre</span>ti yathā atīte, evaṃ anāgatepi addhāne ‘‘khandhānañca paṭipāṭī’’tiādinā (visuddhi. 2.619; dī. ni. aṭṭha. 2.95 apasādanāvaṇṇanā; saṃ. ni. aṭṭha. 2.2.60; a. ni. aṭṭha. 2.4.199; dha. sa. aṭṭha. nidānakathā; vibha. aṭṭha. 226 saṅkhārapadaniddesa; su. ni. aṭṭha. 2.523; udā. aṭṭha. 39; itivu. aṭṭha. 14, 58; theragā. aṭṭha. 1.67, 99; paṭi. ma. aṭṭha. 2.1.117; cūḷani. aṭṭha. 6; bu. vaṃ. aṭṭha. 2.58) vutte saṃsāre sati kammavipākānaṃ appavattaṃ na dissati, kammavipākānaṃ appavatti na dissati, pavattati evāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Etamattha</span>nti ‘‘kammassa kārako natthī’’tiādinā (visuddhi. 2.689) vuttamatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Asayaṃvasī</span>ti na sayaṃvasino, micchābhinivesaparavasāti attho. <span class="bld">Aññamaññavirodhitā</span>ti itarītaravirodhitā, diṭṭhiyo, diṭṭhiyā vā aññamaññena virodhitā viruddhā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Gambhīrañāṇagocaratāya <span class="bld">gambhīraṃ</span>. Tathā <span class="bld">nipuṇaṃ</span>. Sattasuññatāya, aññamaññasabhāvasuññatāya ca <span class="bld">suññaṃ. Paccaya</span>nti nāmarūpassa paccayaṃ, tappaccayapaṭivedheneva ca sabbaṃ paṭividdhaṃ hotīti. <span class="bld">Kammaṃ natthi vipākamhī</span>tiādīsu yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ heṭṭhā vuttameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paccayasuññaṃ phalanti yathāvuttamatthaṃ upamāya vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yathā na sūriye’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Tesa</span>nti sūriyādīnaṃ. <span class="bld">So</span>ti aggi. <span class="bld">Sambhārehī</span>ti ātapādīhi kāraṇehi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadi <a name="M2.0382"></a> ca hetu ca phalañca aññamaññarahitaṃ, kathaṃ hetuto phalaṃ nibbattatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kammañca kho upādāyā’’</span>ti. Na kevalaṃ kammaphalameva suññaṃ katturahitaṃ, sabbampi dhammajātaṃ kārakarahitanti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘na hettha devo’’</span>ti gāthā vuttā. <span class="bld">Hetusambhārapaccayā</span>ti hetusamūhanimittaṃ, hetupaccayanimittaṃ vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para690"></a><span class="paranum">690</span>. <span class="bld">Cutipaṭisandhivasena</span> <a name="V2.0358"></a> <span class="bld">viditā hontī</span>ti kammavaṭṭavipākavaṭṭavasena paccayapariggahassa katattā cutipaṭisandhivasena viditā hontīti vadanti. Vuttanayena pana sappaccayanāmarūpassa dassanena tīsu addhāsu pahīnavicikicchassa addhattayapariyāpannā dhammā atītapaccuppannānāgatabhavesu ca cutipaṭisandhivasena viditā honti, na anupadadhammavasena tathāpariggahassa akatattā. <span class="bld">Sāssa hoti ñātapariññā</span>ti yāya nāmarūpapariggahaṃ, tassa ca paccayapariggahaṃ karoti, sā assa yogino ‘‘idaṃ nāmaṃ, ettakaṃ nāma’’ntiādinā, ‘‘tassa ayaṃ paccayo, ettako paccayo’’tiādinā ca paricchedavasena ñātavatī paññāti katvā ñātapariññā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni yena kāraṇena addhattayapariyāpannā dhammā cutipaṭisandhivasena viditā honti, taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘so evaṃ pajānātī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tena dhammānaṃ bhavantarasaṅkamo nāma na kadācipi atthi, tattha tattheva nirujjhanatoti dasseti. Sajjhāya mantodakapāna mukhamaṇḍana padīpasīkhūpamāhi tameva dhammānaṃ saṅkamābhāvaṃ vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘apica kho’’</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Manodhātuanantara</span>nti kiriyamanodhātuyā anantaraṃ labbhamānaṃ cakkhuviññāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Na ceva āgata</span>nti kiriyamanodhātuto na ceva āgataṃ kiriyamanodhātuyaṃ cakkhuviññāṇassa abhāvato. <span class="bld">Nāpi na nibbattaṃ anantara</span>nti kiriyamanodhātuto anāgacchantampi paccayasāmaggilābhena tato anantaraṃ nāpi na nibbattaṃ, nibbattameva hoti. Yathāyaṃ pavattiyaṃ cittappavatti, tatheva paṭisandhimhi vattate cittasantati, cuticittato anāgacchantampi paṭisandhicittaṃ tato anantaraṃ nāpi na nibbattati, paccayasāmaggivasena nibbattatevāti attho. Santatigahaṇena cettha kutoci āgamābhāvameva vibhāveti. Hetuphalabhāvena hi sambandhatāti dhammappavatti <span class="bld">santatī</span>ti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘purimaṃ bhijjate citta’’</span>ntiādi. <span class="bld">Purima</span>nti cuticittaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhijjate</span>ti <a name="M2.0383"></a> nirujjhati. <span class="bld">Pacchima</span>nti paṭisandhicittaṃ. <span class="bld">Tato</span>ti cuticittato anantarameva jāyati. Yattha hi cuticittato dūrepi kālantarepi uppajjamānaṃ paṭisandhicittaṃ anantarameva jāyatīti vuccati. Tasmā <span class="bld">tesaṃ antarikā natthi</span> tesaṃ cutipaṭisandhicittānaṃ byavadhāyakaṃ kiñci natthi. <span class="bld">Vīci tesaṃ na vijjatī</span>ti tasseva vevacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ito</span>ti cuticittato anantaraṃ na ca gacchati kiñci cittaṃ. Tañhi sasampayuttadhammaṃ tatheva nirujjhati. <span class="bld">Paṭisandhi cā</span>ti paṭisandhiviññāṇañca aññameva yathāpaccayaṃ <span class="bld">jāyati</span> nibbattatīti punapi saṅkamābhāvameva vibhāvento sappaccayanāmarūpadassanaṃ nigameti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para691"></a><span class="paranum">691</span>. Nāmarūpaggahaṇena<a name="V2.0359"></a>, tassa ca paccayadhammaggahaṇena aggahitassa tebhūmakadhammassa abhāvato <span class="bld">‘‘viditasabbadhammassā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Na cettha lokuttaradhammā adhigatā. <span class="bld">Thāmagataṃ</span> hoti anekākāravokārapaccayapariggahavidhino anuṭṭhitattā. <span class="bld">Suṭṭhutaraṃ pahīyati</span> tiyaddhagatadhammappavattiyā vigatasammohattā. <span class="bld">Sā evā</span>ti soḷasavidhā kaṅkhā eva. Yasmā ettha ‘‘buddho, dhammo, saṅgho, sikkhā’’ti ca kaṅkhāya gocarabhūtā lokiyā dhammā adhippetā. Na hi lokuttaradhamme ārabbha kilesā pavattituṃ sakkonti. <span class="bld">Pubbanto</span>ti atītā khandhāyatanadhātuyo. <span class="bld">Aparanto</span>ti anāgatā. <span class="bld">Pubbantāparanto</span>ti tadubhayaṃ, addhāpaccuppannaṃ vā tadubhayabhāgayuttattā. Evaṃ buddhādiggahaṇena, paṭiccasamuppannadhammaggahaṇena ca gahito aṭṭhamo kaṅkhāvisayo nāmarūpamattaṃ, idappaccayatāggahaṇena pana tassa paccayo gahito, tasmā soḷasavatthukāya kaṅkhāya pahīnāya aṭṭhavatthukā kaṅkhā appatiṭṭhāva hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘na kevalañca…pe… pahīyatiyevā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Diṭṭhekaṭṭhattā vicikicchāya yathā diṭṭhi samucchijjamānā vicikicchāya saddhiṃyeva samucchijjati, evaṃ vicikicchā vikkhambhiyamānā diṭṭhiyā saddhiṃyeva vikkhambhīyatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘dvāsaṭṭhi diṭṭhigatāni vikkhambhantī’’</span>ti. Attābhinivesūpanissayā hi ‘‘ahosiṃ nu kho aha’’ntiādi (ma. ni. 1.18; saṃ. ni. 2.20) nayappavattā soḷasavatthukā kaṅkhā, sā eva ca pubbantādivatthukabhāvena vuttā. Attābhinivesavatthukāni ca dvāsaṭṭhi diṭṭhigatāni, buddhādivatthukā ca kaṅkhā tadekaṭṭhāti. Dharīyanti <a name="M2.0384"></a> attano paccayehīti dhammā, tiṭṭhati ettha tadāyattavuttitāya phalanti ṭhiti, dhammānaṃ ṭhiti dhammaṭṭhiti, paccayadhammo. Atha vā dhammoti kāraṇaṃ ‘‘dhammapaṭisambhidā’’tiādīsu (vibha. 718 ādayo) viya, dhammassa ṭhiti sabhāvo, dhammato ca añño sabhāvo natthīti paccayadhammānaṃ paccayabhāvo dhammaṭṭhiti, dhammaṭṭhitiyaṃ ñāṇaṃ <span class="bld">dhammaṭṭhitiñāṇaṃ</span>. Saṅkhārānaṃ yaṃ yaṃ bhūtaṃ aniccatādi yathābhūtaṃ, tattha ñāṇanti <span class="bld">yathābhūtañāṇaṃ</span>. Sammā passatīti <span class="bld">sammādassanaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Avijjā paccayo</span>ti avijjā hetuādivasena saṅkhārānaṃ yathārahaṃ paccayo. Tato eva <span class="bld">saṅkhārā paccayasamuppannā. Ubhopete</span>ti yasmā avijjāpi āsavādivasena paccayasambhūtāva, tasmā avijjā saṅkhārāti ubhayepi ete dhammā paccayasamuppannā. <span class="bld">Itī</span>ti evaṃ. <span class="bld">Paccayapariggahe paññā</span>ti paccayānaṃ paricchijja gahaṇavasena pavattā paññā. Vuttanayena <span class="bld">dhammaṭṭhitiñāṇaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nimitta</span>nti <a name="V2.0360"></a> saṅkhāranimittaṃ, atthato pañcakkhandhā. Te hi ghanasaññāpavattiyā vatthubhāvato nimittaṃ, saviggahabhāvena upaṭṭhānato vā. Yasmā aniccatā nāma saṅkhārānaṃ aviparītākāro. Tattha niccatāya lesassāpi abhāvato <span class="bld">aniccato</span> passanto <span class="bld">yathābhūtaṃ jānāti</span>. Tañca ñāṇaṃ aviparītaggahaṇatāya <span class="bld">sammādassanaṃ</span>. Taṃsamaṅginā ca paccuppannesu viya atītānāgatesupi nayaṃ nentena te suparividitā honti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aniccatā ca nāma uppattimato, uppādo ca paccayavasenāti aniccatā sijjhamānā saṅkhārānaṃ sappaccayataṃ sādhentī yathāvuttakaṅkhappahānāya saṃvattatīti imamatthaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘aniccato…pe… pahīyatī’’</span>ti āha. Tattha <span class="bld">tadanvayenā</span>ti paccakkhato diṭṭhassa anugamanena. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti yathādiṭṭhesu dhammesu. <span class="bld">Dukkhato manasi karonto</span>tiādīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Pavatta</span>nti upādinnakkhandhappavattaṃ. Tañhi kilesābhisaṅkhārehi pavattitattā sātisayaṃ dukkhabhāvena upaṭṭhāti. <span class="bld">Pavatta</span>nti ṭhānanisajjādivasena dukkhadukkhatādivasena ca saṅkhārappavattanti apare. ‘‘Nimittaṃ, pavatta’’nti ca vutte ajjhattabahiddhāsantānasaññite sabbasmiṃ sappaccaye nāmarūpe yāthāvato pavattā ekāva paññā pariyāyavasena ‘‘yathābhūtañāṇa’’ntipi ‘‘sammādassana’’ntipi tattha kaṅkhāvikkhambhanena ‘‘kaṅkhāvitaraṇā’’tipi vuccati. Yathā ‘‘rukkho pādapo tarū’’ti imamatthaṃ dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘yañca yathābhūtañāṇa’’</span>ntiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paramatthato <a name="M2.0385"></a> sāsane assāso nāma ariyaphalaṃ, patiṭṭhā nāma ariyamaggo, ayaṃ pana anadhigatamaggaphalopi tadadhigamupāyapaṭipattiyaṃ ṭhitattā laddhassāso viya, laddhapatiṭṭho viya ca hotīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘laddhassāso laddhapatiṭṭho’’</span>ti. Aparihīnakaṅkhāvitaraṇavisuddhiko vipassako lokiyāhi sīlasamādhipaññāsampadāhi samannāgatattā uttari appaṭivijjhanto sugatiparāyaṇo ca hotīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘niyatagatiko’’</span>ti. Tato eva <span class="bld">cūḷasotāpanno nāma hoti</span>. Sotāpanno hi khīṇāpāyaduggativinipātoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha vā <span class="bld">laddhassāso</span> diṭṭhivisuddhisamadhigamena. Nāmarūpaparicchedena hi khandhādike sabhāvasarasato sallakkhetvā sāsane dhammupasaṃhitapāmojjappaṭilābhena laddhassāso hoti. <span class="bld">Laddhapatiṭṭho</span> kaṅkhāvitaraṇavisuddhisamadhigamena. Sappaccayanāmarūpadassanena hi parimadditadiṭṭhikaṇṭako viniddhataahetuvisamahetuvādo yathāsakaṃ paccayeheva dhammamattaṃ jānitvā sāsane <a name="V2.0361"></a> patiṭṭhitasaddho laddhapatiṭṭho nāma hoti. Nāmarūpavavatthānena dukkhasaccaṃ, dhammaṭṭhitiñāṇena samudayasaccaṃ, tasseva aparabhāgena aniccato manasikārādividhinā maggasaccañca abhiññāya pavattiyā dukkhabhāvaṃ disvā appavatte nirodhe ekaṃseneva ninnajjhāsayatāya lokiyeneva ñāṇena catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ adhigatattā apāyesu abhabbuppattiko, sotāpannabhūmiyaṃ bhabbuppattiko ca hotīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘niyatagatiko’’</span>ti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘cūḷasotāpanno nāma hotī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā evaṃ mahānisaṃsametaṃ yathābhūtañāṇaṃ, tasmā. <span class="bld">Sadā</span>ti sabbakālaṃ rattiñceva divā ca. <span class="bld">Sabbaso</span>ti nibbattakahetuādipariggaṇhanavasena sabbappakārena.</p>
<p class="centered">Kaṅkhāvitaraṇavisuddhiniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti ekūnavīsatimaparicchedavaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="chapter">20. Maggāmaggañāṇadassanavisuddhiniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">Sammasanañāṇakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para692"></a><span class="paranum">692</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="M2.0386"></a><a name="V2.0362"></a> <span class="bld">maggañca amaggañca ñatvā ṭhitaṃ ñāṇa</span>nti ayaṃ upakkilesavinimuttā vīthipaṭipannā vipassanāpaññā ariyamaggassa pubbabhāgamaggo, ayaṃ obhāsādibhedo dasavidho upakkileso na maggoti evaṃ maggañca amaggañca yāthāvato vavatthapetvā ṭhitaṃ ñāṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atītādivasena anekabhedabhinne dhamme kalāpato saṅkhipitvā sammasanaṃ <span class="bld">kalāpasammasanaṃ,</span> ayaṃ kira jambudīpavāsīnaṃ abhilāpo. ‘‘Yaṃ kiñci rūpa’’ntiādinā (ma. ni. 1.361; 2.113; 3.86; a. ni. 4.181) nayena hi dhammānaṃ vipassanā <span class="bld">nayavipassanā,</span> ayaṃ kira tambapaṇṇidīpavāsīnaṃ abhilāpo. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘kalāpasammasanasaṅkhātāya nayavipassanāyā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tāva</span>-saddo kamattho, tena sammasanappakārānaṃ bahubhedataṃ dīpeti. Bahubhāvato hi tesaṃ paṭhamaṃ nayavipassanāya yogārambhaṃ anusāsati ‘‘nayavipassanāya tāva yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. <span class="bld">Kasmā</span>ti codakavacanaṃ. Tassāyaṃ adhippāyo – yadi maggāmaggañāṇadassanavisuddhi sampādetabbā, atha kasmā ‘‘nayavipassanāya ādito yogo kātabbo’’ti vuttanti. Itaro tassāyaṃ adhigamūpāyoti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘āraddhavipassakassā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tenetaṃ dasseti ‘‘vipassanāya sati udayabbayañāṇuppādo, udayabbayañāṇe sati obhāsādiupakkilesasambhavo, tato maggāmaggavavatthānaṃ, tasmā tassa āditova ārambhassa sambhavo natthīti vipassanā paṭhamaṃ āraddhabbā’’ti. Evampi paṭhamaṃ nayavipassanāva kasmā āraddhabbāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vipassanāya ca kalāpasammasanaṃ ādī’’</span>ti. Tañhi atītādibhedabhinnānaṃ dhammānaṃ saṅkhipitvā vavatthānavasena pavattanato ādikammikassa sukaraṃ sammasananti ādibhūtaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti <a name="V2.0363"></a> ādibhūtattā. Atha vā <span class="bld">tasmā</span>ti yasmā āraddhavipassakassa…pe… kalāpasammasanaṃ ādi, tasmā. <span class="bld">Eta</span>nti kalāpasammasanaṃ. <span class="bld">Apicā</span>tiādi kalāpasammasanasseva vipassanāya ādibhāve upacayahetudassanaṃ. Udayabbayañāṇapariyosānā tīraṇapariññā, asampatte <a name="M2.0387"></a> eva ca udayabbayañāṇe maggāmaggavavatthānaṃ hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tīraṇapariññāya vattamānāyā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Kalāpasammasane tāva yogo kātabbo</span>ti etthāpi tasseva paṭhamārambhe kāraṇaṃ vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ. Yasmā kalāpasammasanaṃ nāma ekavisuddhiyampi na antogadhaṃ, ekacce ca taṃ anāmasitvāva vipassanācāraṃ vaṇṇenti. Evaṃ santepi taṃ <span class="bld">suttantesu</span> ekadesena, anavasesato ca dassitaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭisambhidāyaṃ</span> ādikammikānaṃ manasikārasukaratāya vipassanāya ādibhāvena ṭhapitaṃ. Vipassantassa ca obhāsādīsu uppannesu maggāmaggañāṇasambhavo, tasmā ‘‘taṃ sampādetukāmenā’’tiādinā ayaṃ vicāro katoti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para693"></a><span class="paranum">693</span>. <span class="bld">Tatrā</span>ti tasmiṃ tīraṇapariññāya ñātapariññānantarabhāve, tāsu vā pariññāsu. <span class="bld">Vinicchayo</span>ti sarūpato, kiccato, bhūmito ca sanniṭṭhānaṃ. Lokuttarāpi purimasmiṃ saccadvaye maggasampayuttā tividhāpi pariññā kiccavasena labbhatīti <span class="bld">‘‘lokiyapariññā’’</span>ti visesetvā vuttaṃ. Sabhāvadhammānaṃ lakkhaṇasallakkhaṇato ñeyyaabhimukhā paññā <span class="bld">abhiññāpaññā. Ñātaṭṭhe</span>ti ñātabhāvanimittaṃ. Abhiññeyyassa jānanahetu <span class="bld">‘‘ñāṇa’’</span>nti vuccati. <span class="bld">Pariññāpaññā</span>ti aniccādilakkhaṇāni paricchijja jānanapaññā. <span class="bld">Tīraṇaṭṭhe</span>ti sammasanabhāvahetu. <span class="bld">Pahānapaññā</span>ti pahātabbassa pajahanapaññā. Vedayitādilakkhaṇavidhuratāya <span class="bld">ruppanalakkhaṇaṃ</span> paccattalakkhaṇaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Tesaṃyeva</span> paccattalakkhaṇasallakkhaṇavasena gahitadhammānaṃyeva. Yathā pathavīphassādīnaṃ kakkhaḷaphusanādilakkhaṇāni tīsupi khaṇesu sallakkhitabbāni paṭiniyatarūpatāya sabhāvasiddhāneva hutvā gayhanti, na evamaniccatādilakkhaṇāni. Tāni pana bhaṅgudayabbayapīḷāvasavattanākāramukhena gahetabbato samāropitarūpāni viya gayhantīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sāmaññalakkhaṇaṃ āropetvā’’</span>ti. Lokiyapariññānaṃyeva adhippetattā lakkhaṇārammaṇikavipassanāva <span class="bld">‘‘pahānapariññā’’</span>ti vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saṅkhārapaṭicchedato</span>ti nāmarūpavavatthānato, yā ‘‘diṭṭhivisuddhī’’ti vuttā. Keci pana ‘‘khandhādīnaṃ vipassanāya bhūmibhāvato sabbopi khandhādivicāro saṅkhāraparicchedo’’ti vadanti. <span class="bld">‘‘Paccattalakkhaṇapaṭivedhasseva ādhipacca’’</span>nti iminā nāmarūpapaccayapariggahapaññānaṃ tīraṇapahānāsamatthataṃ <a name="V2.0364"></a> dasseti<a name="M2.0388"></a>. Tāsampi pana ‘‘namanalakkhaṇaṃ nāmaṃ, ruppanalakkhaṇaṃ rūpa’’nti arūparūpānaṃ sādhāraṇākārasallakkhaṇavasena pavattiyā ekenākārena tīraṇapariyāyo, diṭṭhikaṅkhāvikkhambhanena pahānapariyāyo labbhatīti siyā tīraṇapahānesupi ādhipaccanti vadanti. Ukkaṭṭhaniddesena pana yathā diṭṭhivisuddhiyāva saṅkhāraparicchedatā, evaṃ lakkhaṇārammaṇikavipassanāya eva tīraṇapahānakiccatā veditabbā. Evaṃ hi tissopi pariññā vavatthitā honti, aññathā saṅkāro siyā. <span class="bld">Tīraṇapariññāya bhūmi</span> tattha paññāya aniccatādilakkhaṇasantīraṇato. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘etasmiṃ…pe… ādhipacca’’</span>nti. Kāmaṃ udayabbayañāṇampi kañci micchābhinivesaṃ pajahati, tassa pana athāmagatattā na sātisayaṃ pahānanti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘bhaṅgānupassanaṃ ādiṃ katvā upari pahānapariññāya bhūmī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Aniccato anupassanto</span>ti aniccākārato saṅkhāre anupassanto sammasanto. <span class="bld">Niccasañña</span>nti ‘‘te niccā sassatā’’ti pavattaṃ micchāsaññaṃ. Saññāsīsena diṭṭhicittānampi gahaṇaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Eseva nayo ito paresupi. <span class="bld">Nibbindanto</span>ti aniccānupassanādisambhūtāya nibbidānupassanāya saṅkhāre nibbijjanavasena passanto. <span class="bld">Nandi</span>nti sappītikataṇhaṃ. <span class="bld">Virajjanto</span>ti virāgānupassanāya virajjanavasena yathā saṅkhāresu rāgo nuppajjati, evaṃ anupassanto. Tathābhūto hi rāgaṃ pajahatīti vuccati. <span class="bld">Nirodhento</span>ti nirodhānupassanāya yathā saṅkhārā nirujjhantiyeva, na āyatiṃ punabbhavavasena uppajjanti, evaṃ anupassanto. Tathābhūto hi saṅkhārānaṃ samudayaṃ pajahati nāma anuppattidhammatāpādanato. <span class="bld">Paṭinissajjanto</span>ti paṭinissaggānupassanāya yathā saṅkhārā na puna ādiyanti, evaṃ vossajjanto. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ādānaṃ pajahatī’’</span>ti, niccādivasena vā gahaṇaṃ vissajjetīti attho. <span class="bld">Sādhitattā</span>ti sampāditattā. <span class="bld">Itarā</span>ti tīraṇapahānapariññā. Evaṃ pariññā niddisitvā pariññākkamavasenapi kaṅkhāvitaraṇānantaraṃ ‘‘kalāpasammasane yogo kātabbo’’ti yvāyamattho vutto, taṃ nigamavasena paccāharanto <span class="bld">‘‘tena vutta’’</span>ntiādimāha, taṃ vuttatthameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para694"></a><span class="paranum">694</span>. <span class="bld">Tatrā</span>ti tasmiṃ kalāpasammasane vibhāvetabbe, tassa vā kalāpasammasanassa ādibhāve. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ pāḷī</span>ti dassiyamānaṃ paṭisambhidāmaggapāḷimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">saṅkhipitvā vavatthāne paññā</span>ti atītādibhedabhinne dhamme <a name="M2.0389"></a> ekato saṅgahetvā aniccādivasena vinicchaye sādhetabbe taṃsādhanīyā paññā. Sammasane aniccatādivasena tīraṇe ñāṇanti pavuccati, sā kathaṃ hotīti attho. <span class="bld">Vavatthāne sammasane</span>ti ca nipphādetabbe bhummavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Yaṃ kiñci rūpa</span>ntiādīni padāni <a name="V2.0365"></a> heṭṭhā vuttatthāneva. <span class="bld">Sabbaṃ rūpaṃ aniccato vavatthapetī</span>tiādīni pana yasmā parato vaṇṇiyissanti, tasmā tattheva nesaṃ atthaṃ vibhāvayissāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pāḷivavatthānaṃ pana evaṃ veditabbaṃ – ettha hi ādikammikānaṃ vipassanāmanasikārasukhatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ kiñci rūpa’’</span>ntiādinā paṭhamaṃ tāva pañcakkhandhā atītādivibhāgamukhena gahitā, te pana khandhā yasmā dvārārammaṇehi saddhiṃ dvārappavattadhammavasena vibhāgaṃ labbhanti, tasmā tadanantaraṃ dvārachakkādivasena dasa chakkā gahitā. Yasmā pana lakkhaṇesu anattalakkhaṇaṃ dukkhavibhāgaṃ, tasmā tassa vibhāvanāya cha dhātuyo gahitā. Tato yesu kasiṇesu ito bāhirakānaṃ attābhiniveso, tāni imesaṃ jhānānaṃ ārammaṇabhāvena upaṭṭhānākāramattānīti dassanatthaṃ dasa kasiṇāni gahitāni. Tato dukkhānupassanāya parivārabhāvena paṭikkūlākāravasena dvattiṃsa koṭṭhāsā gahitā. Pubbe khandhavasena saṅkhepato gahitā dhammā nātisaṅkhepavitthāranayena, vitthāranayena ca manasi kātabbāti dassanatthaṃ dvādasāyatanāni, aṭṭhārasa dhātuyo ca gahitā. Tesu ime dhammā satipi suññanirīhaabyāpārabhāve dhammasabhāvato ādhipaccavasena pavattantīti anattalakkhaṇavibhāvanatthaṃ indriyāni gahitāni. Evaṃ anekabhedabhinnāpime dhammā bhūmittayapariyāpannatāya tividhāva hontīti dassanatthaṃ tisso dhātuyo gahitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettāvatā nimittaṃ dassetvā pavattaṃ dassetuṃ kāmabhavādayo nava bhavā gahitā. Ettake abhiññeyyavisese pavattamanasikārakosallena saṇhasukhumesu nibbattitamahaggatadhammesu manasikāro pavattetabboti dassanatthaṃ jhānappamaññāruppāni gahitāni. Tattha jhānāni nāma vuttāvasesārammaṇāni rūpāvacarajjhānāni. Paccayapaccayuppannavibhāgato ime dhammā bhinditvā manasi kātabbāti dassanatthaṃ paṭiccasamuppādaṅgāni gahitāni. Paccayākāramanasikāro hi lakkhaṇattayaṃ sukhena, suṭṭhutarañca vibhāveti, tasmā pacchato gahito. Evamete sammasanīyabhāvena gahitā <a name="M2.0390"></a> khandhādivasena koṭṭhāsato pañcavīsatividhā. Pabhedato pana atītādibhedaṃ anāmasitvāva gayhamānā dvīhi ūnāni dvesatāni honti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">aniccato vavatthapetī</span>tiādiko paṭhamo lakkhaṇavavatthāpanavāro. <span class="bld">Aniccaṃ khayaṭṭhenā</span>tiādiko dutiyo hetuvāro lakkhaṇānaṃ hetukittanato. <span class="bld">Aniccaṃ saṅkhata</span>ntiādiko pana hetupatiṭṭhāpanavāro <a name="V2.0366"></a> pākaṭabhāvasallakkhaṇato. <span class="bld">Khayaṭṭhenā</span>ti hi khayasabhāvato yasmā rūpaṃ khayasabhāvaṃ uppajjitvā khayaṃ vayaṃ bhedaṃ gacchati, tasmā aniccanti attho. <span class="bld">Bhayaṭṭhenā</span>ti bhāyitabbabhāvato yasmā rūpaṃ pabhaṅguratāya bhayānakaṃ, tasmā dukkhanti. Tenāha bhagavā ‘‘yadaniccaṃ, taṃ dukkha’’nti (saṃ. ni. 30.15, 45, 46, 76, 85; 2.4.14; paṭi. ma. 2.10). <span class="bld">Asārakaṭṭhenā</span>ti asārakabhāvato, attasāravirahatoti attho. Tatiyavāre pana ‘‘rūpaṃ anicca’’nti vatvā tassa hetuṃ patiṭṭhāpetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘saṅkhata’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Yasmā samecca sambhūya paccayehi kataṃ, anurūpe ca paccaye paṭicca, na vinā tehi samaṃ, sammā ca uppannaṃ, tasmā khayavayavirāganirodhadhammanti. Na hi paccayanibbattaṃ anirujjhanakaṃ nāma atthi. Tenāha bhagavā ‘‘yaṃ taṃ rūpaṃ jātaṃ bhūtaṃ saṅkhataṃ palokadhammaṃ, taṃ vata mā palujjīti netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjatī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.379). Etena aniccā pathavīdhātu paccayanibbattattā tadaññaṃ paccayanibbattaṃ viyāti dasseti. Esa nayo sesadhammesupi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni anvayato, byatirekato ca saṅkhatadhammānaṃ aniccataṃ patiṭṭhāpetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘jātipaccayā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Aniccalakkhaṇasseva cettha patiṭṭhāpanaṃ tasmiṃ patiṭṭhāpite sesalakkhaṇadvayassapi patiṭṭhāpanasiddhito.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Iminā peyyālena ime dhammarāsayo saṃkhittāti sambandho. <span class="bld">‘‘Dvārārammaṇehi saddhiṃ dvārappavattā dhammā, pañcakkhandhā’’</span>ti idaṃ abhiññeyyaniddese ‘‘cakkhuṃ, bhikkhave, abhiññeyya’’ntiādinā (paṭi. ma. 1.3; saṃ. ni. 4.46) dvārārammaṇehi saddhiṃ dvārappavatte dhamme dassetvā tesaṃ pañcahi khandhehi saṅgahitataṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘rūpaṃ abhiññeyyaṃ…pe… viññāṇaṃ abhiññeyya’’nti āgatattā vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭisambhidāyaṃ</span> (paṭi. ma. 1.48) pana ‘‘yaṃ kiñci rūpa’’ntiādinā paṭhamaṃ pañcakkhandhe dassetvā ‘‘cakkhu’’ntiādinā dvārārammaṇehi saddhiṃ dvārappavattā dhammā dassitā. Tathādassane kāraṇaṃ heṭṭhā vuttameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kasmā <a name="M2.0391"></a> panettha ime dhammarāsayo saṃkhittāti pāḷiyaṃ vitthārato āgatattāti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘vuttaṃ heta’’</span>ntiādimāha. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘taṃ tattha…pe… saṃkhitta’’</span>nti. Tattha <span class="bld">ta</span>nti abhiññeyyaṃ. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti abhiññeyyaniddese. ‘‘Viññāṇaṃ mano dhammā’’tiādinā tattha tattha koṭṭhāse ye lokuttaradhammā āgatā. Keci pana <span class="bld">‘‘etthā</span>ti paṭisambhidāya’’nti vadanti, taṃ na <a name="V2.0367"></a> sundaraṃ. Sammasanupagā eva hi dhammā paṭisambhidāyaṃ gahitā sammasanavārassa adhippetattā, na abhiññeyyaniddese (paṭi. ma. 1.3; saṃ. ni. 4.46) viya sabbeva abhiññeyyā dhammā. <span class="bld">Ye</span> rūpārūpadhammā. <span class="bld">Yassā</span>ti yogino. <span class="bld">Tesu tena sammasanaṃ ārabhitabbaṃ</span> yathāpākaṭaṃ vipassanābhinivesoti katvā. Pacchā pana anupaṭṭhahantepi upāyena upaṭṭhahāpetvā anavasesatova sammasitabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para695"></a><span class="paranum">695</span>. ‘‘Atītaṃ rūpaṃ anicca’’ntiādinā aniccato sammasanassa atītādivibhāgā pavattiṭṭhānabhūtāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ekādasahi okāsehī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Vavatthāpanaṃ</span> nāma sanniṭṭhānaṃ. Aniccato sanniṭṭhānañcettha ‘‘anicca’’nti vipassanāvāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘aniccanti sammasatī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Katha</span>nti sammasanākāro pucchitoti taṃ parato idheva pāḷiyaṃ dutiyavāre vuttanayenevāti saṅkhepeneva vissajjeti. Idāni tamatthaṃ pākaṭataraṃ kātuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vuttañheta’’</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">hī</span>-ti hetuatthe nipāto. Yasmā ‘‘rūpaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ aniccaṃ khayaṭṭhenā’’ti evaṃ vuttaṃ, tasmā iminā vuttanayena aniccanti sammasatīti yojanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evampi saṅkhepoyevāti vibhajitvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘esā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Atīte</span>ti atīte bhave. Ādikammikassa hi idaṃ sammasanavidhānaṃ, tasmā bhavavasena addhābhedo adhippeto. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘nayimaṃ bhavaṃ sampattantī’’</span>ti. Ettha <span class="bld">iti</span>-saddo hetuattho. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – yaṃ atītabhave pariyāpannaṃ rūpaṃ, taṃ atīteyeva bhave khīṇaṃ, tato na imaṃ bhavaṃ sampattaṃ, tasmā aniccaṃ khayaṭṭhena khayasabhāvattāti sammasatīti. Esa nayo <span class="bld">yaṃ anāgata</span>ntiādīsupi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yaṃ <a name="M2.0392"></a> bahiddhā, tampi bahiddhā eva khīyati, na ajjhattabhāvaṃ gacchatīti aniccaṃ khayaṭṭhenāti, yaṃ oḷārikaṃ, tampi tattheva khīyatīti aniccaṃ khayaṭṭhenātiādinā yojetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Idaṃ sabbampī</span>ti idaṃ atītādibhedassa rūpassa sammasanato sabbaṃ ekādasavidhampi sammasanaṃ ekaṃ sammasanaṃ aniccato sammasananti katvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ta</span>nti taṃ ekādasavidhampi rūpaṃ. <span class="bld">Sappaṭibhayatāyā</span>ti bhayānakatāya. <span class="bld">Bhayāvahaṃ hotī</span>ti appahīnavipallāsassa <a name="V2.0368"></a> ‘‘ahaṃ vinassāmi, mama santakaṃ vinassatī’’ti cintentassa bhayajanakaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Sīhopamasutte devānaṃ viyā</span>ti sīhopamasutte desiyamāne devānaṃ viya. Tattha hi –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Yadā tathāgato loke uppajjati arahaṃ sammāsambuddho…pe… so dhammaṃ deseti ‘iti rūpaṃ, iti rūpassa samudayo, iti rūpassa atthaṅgamo. Iti vedanā… iti saññā… iti saṅkhārā… iti viññāṇaṃ, iti viññāṇassa samudayo, iti viññāṇassa atthaṅgamo’ti. Yepi te, bhikkhave, devā dīghāyukā vaṇṇavanto sukhabahulā uccesu vimānesu ciraṭṭhitikā, tepi tathāgatassa dhammadesanaṃ sutvā yebhuyyena bhayaṃ saṃvegaṃ santāsaṃ āpajjanti ‘aniccāva kira bho mayaṃ samānā niccamhāti amaññimha, addhuvāva…pe… asassatāva kira bho mayaṃ samānā sassatamhāti amaññimha, mayampi kira bho aniccā addhuvā asassatā sakkāyapariyāpannā’’’ti (saṃ. ni. 3.78; a. ni. 4.33) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Evaṃ devānaṃ bhayuppatti āgatā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Khandhapañcakaṃ, tadekadeso vā attavādīhi ‘‘attā’’ti parikappīyati, tañca ekantato aniccaṃ, dukkhañcāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yañhi aniccaṃ, taṃ dukkha’’</span>ntiādi. Tīsu dukkhatāsu saṅkhāradukkhatāva byāpinī, ‘‘yadaniccaṃ, taṃ dukkha’’nti ca adhippetāti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘aniccataṃ vā udayabbayapaṭipīḷanaṃ vā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Attā abhavissā</span>ti ‘‘kārako vedako sayaṃvasī’’ti evaṃbhūto attā abhavissāti adhippāyo. Evañhi sati rūpassa ābādhāya saṃvattanaṃ ayujjamānakaṃ siyā. Yathā rūpakkhandhe abhedato tividhaṃ sammasanaṃ, bhedato tettiṃsavidhaṃ, evaṃ vedanākkhandhādīsupīti imamatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘esa nayo’’</span>ti <a name="M2.0393"></a> atidisati. Tena khandhavasena tāva bhedato pañcasaṭṭhiadhikā sataṃ sammasanavārā dassitā honti. Iminā nayena dvārachakkādīsupi yathārahaṃ sammasanabhedo veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para696"></a><span class="paranum">696</span>. <span class="bld">Niyamato saṅkhatādibhedaṃ hotī</span>ti ekaṃsena saṅkhatatādivisesavantaṃ hoti asaṅkhatādisabhāve aniccatāya asambhavato. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti aniccassa. <span class="bld">Pariyāyadassanattha</span>nti vevacanadassanatthaṃ, taṃ pana ‘‘khayadhamma’’ntiādīnaṃ vasena veditabbaṃ, na purimānaṃ tiṇṇaṃ. Na hi <a name="V2.0369"></a> tadeva tassa pariyāyo hoti, nāpi saṅkhatapaṭiccasamuppannapadāni hutvā abhāvadīpanato pākabhāvadīpanato. Pākabhāvadīpanena pana aniccatāya sādhanapakkhe tiṭṭhanti. Teneva hi sabbesaṃ padānaṃ pariyāyatābhāvato <span class="bld">‘‘nānākārehi vā’’</span>ti vikappantaraṃ gahitaṃ. <span class="bld">Manasikārappavattīdassanattha</span>nti aniccatāya upabrūhanamanasikārapavattidassanatthaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Cattārīsākāraanupassanākathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para697"></a><span class="paranum">697</span>. <span class="bld">So</span>ti yogāvacaro. <span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti yathāvuttabhedassa aniccatādisammasanassa. <span class="bld">Thirabhāvatthāyā</span>ti daḷhabhāvatthāya aniccādiākārassa punappunaṃ manasikāro viya bahulīkārabhāvato. Yaṃ taṃ bhagavatā etassa vibhaṅge aniccādisammasanaṃ vuttanti sambandho. <span class="bld">Anulomika</span>nti ariyamaggādhigamassa anukūlaṃ. <span class="bld">Khanti</span>nti ñāṇakhantiṃ. Ñāṇañhi visayasabhāvaṃ ogāhetvā vavatthāne khamati sahatīti khantīti vuccati. <span class="bld">Sammattaniyāma</span>nti ariyamaggaṃ. So hi sammādiṭṭhiādisammattañceva anivattidhammatāya niyāmo cāti vuccati. <span class="bld">‘‘Ādinā nayenā’’</span>ti iminā ‘‘pañcakkhandhe dukkhato passanto anulomikaṃ khantiṃ paṭilabhati, khandhānaṃ nirodho sukhaṃ nibbānanti passanto sammattaniyāmaṃ okkamatī’’ti (paṭi. ma. 3.38) evamādiko pāṭhaseso rogādipaṭipakkhayojanāvasena vitthāretabbo. <span class="bld">‘‘Khandhānaṃ nirodho niccaṃ nibbāna’’</span>nti vacanena saṅkhārānaṃ dukkharogatādipaṭipakkho nibbānassa sukhārogyādibhāvo ‘‘ādinā nayenā’’ti ettha nayaggahaṇena dīpitoti. Avaseso sabbo pāṭho pakāsito eva hotīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāmañcetaṃ <a name="M2.0394"></a> cattārīsāya ākārehi sammasanaṃ anulomañāṇe bhāvetabbavidhānaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘anulomañāṇaṃ vibhajantena…pe… vutta’’</span>nti, ito paṭṭhāya pana kataparicayasseva kiccāvahaṃ hotīti idhāpi vuttantīti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Tassāpī</span>ti na kevalaṃ kalāpasammasanasseva, atha kho yathādassitassa cattālīsappabhedassa aniccādisammasanassapi. Tañhi anulomikakhantipaṭilābhāya, sammattaniyāmokkamanāya ca saṃvattanato ekaṃsato icchitabbaṃ. Vuttañhi –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘So vata, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kañci saṅkhāraṃ niccato samanupassanto anulomikāya khantiyā samannāgato bhavissatīti netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati, anulomikāya khantiyā <a name="V2.0370"></a> asamannāgato sammattaniyāmaṃ okkamissatīti netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati, sammattaniyāmaṃ anokkamamāno sotāpattiphalaṃ vā…pe… arahattaṃ vā sacchikarissatīti netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati. So vata, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sabbasaṅkhāre aniccato samanupassanto’’ti (a. ni. 6.98; paṭi. ma. 3.36) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Ādi sukkapakkho vitthāretabbo. Tathā ‘‘so vata, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kañci saṅkhāraṃ sukhato, dukkhato, kañci dhammaṃ attato, anattato’’ti (paṭi. ma. 3.36) vitthāretabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para698"></a><span class="paranum">698</span>. Ekekaṃ khandhaṃ aniccādisammasanassa vasena sammasatīti sambandho. Tassa pana sammasanassa pañcannaṃ khandhānaṃ sādhāraṇatāya <span class="bld">‘‘ekekaṃ khandha’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Anaccantikatāyā</span>ti accantikatābhāvato, asassatatāyāti attho. Sassatañhi accantikaṃ parāya koṭiyā abhāvato. <span class="bld">Ādiantavantatāyā</span>ti pubbāparakoṭivantatāya, udayabbayadhammatoti attho. Aniccato sammasatīti sambandho. Esa nayo sabbattha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aniccato</span>ti ca addhuvato. Etañhi na niccaṃ, khaṇikatāya asadābhāvitāya vā na iccaṃ na upagantabbanti <span class="bld">aniccaṃ. Uppādavayapaṭipīḷanatāyā</span>ti uppādena, vayena ca pati pati khaṇe khaṇe taṃsamaṅgino vibādhanasabhāvattā, tehi vā sayameva vibādhetabbattā. Udayabbayavanto hi dhammā abhiṇhaṃ tehi paṭipīḷitā eva honti, yā pīḷanā ‘‘saṅkhāradukkhatā’’ti vuccati. <span class="bld">Dukkhavatthutāyā</span>ti <a name="M2.0395"></a> tividhassāpi dukkhassa, saṃsāradukkhassa ca adhiṭṭhānabhāvato. <span class="bld">Paccayayāpanīyatāyā</span>ti yathārahaṃ paccayehi yāpetabbatāya. <span class="bld">Rogamūlatāyā</span>ti mūlabyādhi viya anubandhabyādhīnaṃ mūlabhāvato, padadvayenāpi yāpyarogasadisatoti dasseti. Yāpyabyādhi hi rogo itaro ābādhoti. <span class="bld">Dukkhatāsūlayogitāyā</span>ti tividhadukkhatāsaṅkhātena rujjanena yujjatāya. <span class="bld">Kilesāsucipaggharaṇatāyā</span>ti yathārahamārammaṇavasena, samannāgamavasena ca rāgādikilesāsucivissandanato. Ahutvā sambhavato uppattiyā <span class="bld">uddhumātatā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Antotudanatāyā</span>ti abbhantare tudanato. Dukkhavedanādayo viya hi ime saṅkhārā attabhāvassa abbhantaragatā eva udayabbayavasena tudanti. Ariyamaggasaṇḍāsena vinā nīharituṃ asakkuṇeyyatāya <span class="bld">dunnīharaṇīyatā</span> taṇhādiṭṭhābhinivesadaḷhabhāvato. <span class="bld">Agha</span>nti pāpaṃ viya ariyajanehi <a name="V2.0371"></a> vigarahitabbaṃ. Sattānaṃ anatthajananato avaḍḍhiāvahaṃ, pāpassa ca vatthubhūtaṃ khandhapañcakanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vigaraha…pe… aghato’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Aseribhāvajanakatāyā</span>ti paravasatājananato. Yathā gilāno aññehi saṃvesanavuṭṭhāpanādinā parapaṭibaddhasarīravuttiko aserī, evametepi aseribhāvajanakā. <span class="bld">Avasatāyā</span>ti avasavattanato. Yathā parosatanto puriso parassa vasaṃ na gacchati, evaṃ subhasukhādibhāvena vase vattetuṃ asakkuṇeyyato. <span class="bld">Avidheyyatāyā</span>ti ‘‘mā jīratha, mā mīyathā’’tiādinā vidhātuṃ asakkuṇeyyato. <span class="bld">Palujjanatāyā</span>ti byādhiādīhi pakārehi chijjanato vinassanato. Tehi eva vā ābyasanato. Byasanattho hi lokasaddo, pasaddo bhusattho daṭṭhabbo. Byādhiādīhi ca khandhānaṃ byasananti. Byasanāvahabhāvena etīti <span class="bld">īti,</span> āgantukānaṃ akusalapakkhiyānaṃ byasanahetūnaṃ etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Khandhā ca edisāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘anekabyasanāvahatāya ītito’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Upaddavatīti upaddavo, anatthaṃ janento abhibhavati ajjhottharatīti attho, rājadaṇḍādīnaṃ etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Khandhā ca edisāti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘aviditānaṃ…pe… upaddavato’’</span>ti. Diṭṭhadhammikasamparāyikabhayāvahato, abhayapaṭipakkhato ca khandhā bhayanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbabhayānaṃ…pe… bhayato’’</span>ti. Bahiddhā ñātibyasanādīhi, ajjhattaṃ rāgādīhi anatthehi upasajjanaṭṭhena, upasaggasadisatāya <a name="M2.0396"></a> ca upasaggo. <span class="bld">Upasaggo</span>ti ca devatūpasaṃhāravasena pavatto byādhiādianattho. So atthakāmena muhuttampi na ajjhupekkhitabbo hoti. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘anekehi…pe… upasaggato’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Dosūpasaṭṭhatāyā</span>ti ārammaṇato, sampayogato ca rāgādidosehi upetatāya. Lokadhammā lābhādihetukā anunayapaṭighā, tehi, byādhiādīhi ca anavaṭṭhitatā <span class="bld">pacalitatā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upakkamenā</span>ti attano, parassa vā payogena. <span class="bld">Sarasenā</span>ti sabhāvena. <span class="bld">Pabhaṅgupagamanasīlatā</span> bhiduratā. <span class="bld">Sabbāvatthanipātitāyā</span>ti rukkhaphalaṃ viya atitaruṇakālato paṭṭhāya sabbāsu avatthāsu nipatanasīlatāya. Anipatassapi sabbena sabbaṃ asāratāya <span class="bld">thirabhāvassa abhāvatāya</span>. Thirañhi dhuvaṃ nāma hoti. Tāyituṃ rakkhituṃ asamatthatāya na tāyanoti atāyano, tabbhāvo <span class="bld">atāyanatā</span>. Tāṇāsīsāya upagatassa <span class="bld">alabbhaneyyakhematā</span>. Dukkhabhītiyā upalīyanādhippāyena <span class="bld">allīyituṃ</span>. Dukkhanivattanaṃ <span class="bld">leṇakiccaṃ</span>. Jātiādibhayānaṃ hiṃsanaṃ vidhamanaṃ <span class="bld">bhayasārakattaṃ. Yathāparikappitehī</span>ti paramatthato avijjamānehi bālehi parikappitappakārehi. <span class="bld">Rittatāyā</span>ti vivittatāya, virahitatāyāti <a name="V2.0372"></a> attho. Antosārābhāvo <span class="bld">rittatā</span>. Sā eva ca tucchatāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘rittatāyeva tucchato’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Appakattā</span>ti parittattā, lāmakattā vā. Dhuvasārābhāvādīhi saddhiṃ attasārābhāvaṃ rittapadena vatvā nibbattitamattasārābhāvameva suññapadena dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sāmi…pe… suññato’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Yathā kenaci sāmiādilakkhaṇena attanā suññā ete, evaṃ sayampi ataṃsabhāvoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sayañca…pe… anattato’’</span>ti. Na attāti hi anattāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pavattidukkhatāyā</span>ti bhavapavattidukkhabhāvato. Bhavapavatti ca pañcannaṃ khandhānaṃ aniccādiākārena pavattanameva, so ca ādīnavo. Yathāha ‘‘yaṃ, bhikkhave, pañcupādānakkhandhā aniccā dukkhā vipariṇāmadhammā. Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu ādīnavo’’ti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘dukkhassa ca ādīnavatāyā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ādīna</span>nti bhāvanapuṃsakaniddeso yathā ‘‘ekamanta’’nti (dī. ni. 1.165), ativiya kapaṇanti attho. Bhusattho hi ayaṃ <span class="bld">ā</span>-kāro. Yathā <a name="M2.0397"></a> ‘‘dvidhā chiddakaṃ vicchiddaka’’nti ettha dvi-saddassa atthe <span class="bld">vi</span>-saddo, evamidhāpīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘dvedhā pariṇāmapakatitāya vipariṇāmadhammato’’</span>ti. Vipariṇāmo ca viparītasabhāvāpatti. <span class="bld">Dubbalatāyā</span>ti sarasabhiduratāya balābhāvato. Dubbalampi kiñci mudukammaññābhāvena duppadhaṃsiyā. Ime pana supadhaṃsiyā evāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pheggu viya sukhabhañjanīyatāya cā’’</span>ti. Aghassa pāpassa hetutā <span class="bld">aghahetutā</span>. Khandhapaṭibaddhameva hi sabbaṃ kibbisanti. Ime rūpādayo sukhahetu, na dukkhahetūti janitavissāsānaṃ hananasīlatāya, khandhesu hi ‘‘etaṃ mamā’’ti gāhavasena sattā byasanaṃ pāpuṇanti, vissāsaṃ vā hanantīti <span class="bld">vissāsaghātino,</span> tabbhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vigatabhavatāyā</span>ti apagatavaḍḍhitāya. Vibhavataṇhā, vibhavadiṭṭhi ca vibhavo uttarapadalopena, tato <span class="bld">vibhavato,</span> pitusadisassa vā sabhāvahetuno <span class="bld">vibhavato</span> vināsato sambhūtatāya. Āsavānaṃ ārammaṇādinā paccayabhāvo <span class="bld">āsavapadaṭṭhānatā</span>. Bījādiko asādhāraṇo <span class="bld">hetu,</span> bhūtasalilādiko sādhāraṇo <span class="bld">paccayo</span>. Esa nayo ajjhattepi. Tehi samecca sambhūya kato <span class="bld">saṅkhato. Maccumārassa</span> adhiṭṭhānabhāvena, <span class="bld">kilesamārassa</span> paccayabhāvena saṃvaḍḍhanato <span class="bld">āmisabhūtatā,</span> khandhāpi khandhānaṃ āmisabhūtā paccayabhāvena saṃvaḍḍhanato, tadantogadhā <span class="bld">abhisaṅkhārā. Devaputtamārassa</span> pana ‘‘mameta’’nti adhimānavasena āmisabhāvoti khandhādimārānampi imesaṃ yathārahaṃ āmisabhūtatā vattabbā. Dhammasaddo ‘‘jātidhammāna’’ntiādīsu (ma. ni. 3.373; paṭi. ma. 1.33) viya pakatiattho<a name="V2.0373"></a>, ‘‘dhammapaṭisambhidā’’tiādīsu (vibha. 718 ādayo) viya hetuattho cāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘jātijarābyādhimaraṇapakatitāya, sokaparidevaupāyāsahetutāyā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Saṃkilesattaya</span>ggahaṇena tadekaṭṭhānaṃ dasannaṃ kilesavatthūnampi saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. Tadārammaṇāpi hi dhammā tadanativattanato saṃkilesikā eva. Tathā khuddā, taṇhā, jaṭādīsu sarīrassa, saṃkilesassa ca saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Cattārīsāpi sammasanāni tīsu anupassanāsu antogadhānevāti tadantogadhabhāvaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ettha hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Aniccānupassanāni</span> sarūpato<a name="M2.0398"></a>, pariyāyato ca aniccabhāvavibhāvanato. Esa nayo itaresupi. <span class="bld">‘‘Asārakato’’</span>ti idaṃ niccasārābhāvavibhāvanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettāvatā kalāpato dhamme saṅgahetvā nayato sammasanamattaṃ dassitaṃ, na tāva anupadadhammavipassanā vihitāti <span class="bld">‘‘sammasanārambhavidhāna’’</span>nti. Vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Indriyatikkhakāraṇanavakakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para699"></a><span class="paranum">699</span>. Ekaccassa tikkhindriyassa mahāpaññassa nayavipassanāvaseneva udayabbayañāṇaṃ uppajjati, itarassa nuppajjati. Taṃ sandhāya <span class="bld">‘‘yassa pana…pe… na sampajjatī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Udayabbayañāṇuppatti hi idha nayavipassanāya sampajjananti adhippetaṃ. Tena ‘‘navahākārehi indriyāni tikkhāni bhavanti…pe… antarā ca abbosānenā’’ti evaṃ vuttānaṃ navannaṃ ākārānaṃ vasena indriyāni tikkhāni katvā sappāyāni sevamānena sammasitabbanti sambandho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tenā</span>ti yoginā. <span class="bld">Navahākārehī</span>ti vakkhamānehi navahi ākārehi. <span class="bld">Indriyānī</span>ti saddhādīni indriyāni. <span class="bld">Tikkhānī</span>ti tikhiṇāni visadāni sūrāni. <span class="bld">Uppannuppannāna</span>nti khaṇe khaṇe uppannānaṃ uppannānaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṅkhārāna</span>nti vipassiyamānānaṃ rūpārūpadhammānaṃ. <span class="bld">Khayamevā</span>ti paṭhamaṃ uppādaṃ disvā taṃ muñcitvā khayameva bhaṅgameva passati. Tassa tathākhayadassanapasutassa vipassanāpaññā tikkhā sūrā vahati, itarāni ca indriyāni. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti khayadassane. <span class="bld">Sakkaccakiriyāyā</span>ti ādarakāritāya, yathā khayadassanaparameneva vipassanāñāṇaṃ pavattati, evaṃ taṃ ādarajāto sampādeti. <span class="bld">Sātaccakiriyāyā</span>ti avicchedakiriyāya, yathā vipassanāñāṇaṃ khayadassanavasena nirantarameva pavattati, evaṃ yuttappayutto naṃ sampādeti. <span class="bld">Sappāyakiriyāyā</span>ti anurūpakiriyāya āvāsādisattavidhasappāyāsevanakiriyāya<a name="V2.0374"></a>. <span class="bld">Nimittaggāhenā</span>ti yathā manasikarontassa vipassanāsamādhi uppanno, tassa ākārassa sallakkhaṇavasena samathanimittaggahaṇena sampādetīti sambandho. <span class="bld">Anupavattanatāyā</span>ti anurūpato pavattanena bhāvanācittassa līnabhāve pītivīriyadhammavicayasambojjhaṅgānaṃ uddhatabhāve passaddhisamādhiupekkhāsambojjhaṅgānaṃ brūhanenāti attho. <span class="bld">Kāye ca jīvite ca anapekkhata</span>nti attano kāye asucibhāvena bāhirakaaviññāṇakakuṇape <a name="M2.0399"></a> viya jīvite ahitāvahapaccatthike viya nirapekkhacittaṃ upaṭṭhapeti. <span class="bld">Tattha ca abhibhuyya nekkhammenā</span>ti tasmiṃ kāyacitte anapekkhabhāvena indriyānaṃ tikkhabhāvāpādanena uppannaṃ uppannaṃ dukkhaṃ vīriyena abhibhavitvā bhāvanaṃ sampādeti. <span class="bld">Antarā</span>ti yathādhippetāya bhāvanāsiddhiyā antarāva. <span class="bld">Abbosānenā</span>ti asaṅkocanena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evaṃ vuttāna</span>nti evaṃ ‘‘navahākārehi indriyāni tikkhāni bhavantī’’tiādinā aṭṭhakathāyaṃ vuttānaṃ. Ettha ca yathā nāma sukhumānaṃ muttāpavāḷādīnaṃ vijjhane sukhumatarena vedhanena bhavitabbaṃ, evameva saṇhasukhumānaṃ rūpārūpadhammānaṃ, paccayassa ca pariggaṇhane tikkhena ñāṇena bhavitabbaṃ. Tesaṃ pana khayavayadassane tikkhatarena bhavitabbaṃ. Tikkhataratā cassa nisānasilāyaṃ saṇhamaṭṭhatāya karaṇena viya pharasudhārāya nisitabhāvāpādanena indriyānaṃ tikkhabhāvāpādanena sādhetabbā. Tañca yehi navahi ākārehi hoti, tesu khaṇikānaṃ saṅkhārānaṃ khaṇe khaṇe bhijjanākāradassanaṃ paṭhamaṃ vuttaṃ ‘‘uppannuppannānaṃ saṅkhārānaṃ khayameva passatī’’ti. Asati ñāṇassa tikkhatarabhāve tadabhāvato sesindriyatikkhatā tassa sambhārabhāvato vuttā, avinābhāvato vā. Sakkaccakiriyādiggahaṇaṃ pana tassa upāyadassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Asappāyāni</span> bhojanādīni anupayujjanādivasena <span class="bld">vajjetvā sappāyāni</span> mattaso <span class="bld">sevamānena</span>. Rūpārūpadhammānaṃ accantavidhuratāya ekajjhaṃ asammasitabbattā, tathā sammasanassa ca idha anadhippetattā <span class="bld">‘‘kālena rūpaṃ sammasitabbaṃ, kālena arūpa’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. Tatthāpi ca rūpassa oḷārikatāya suviññeyyattā paṭhamaṃ sammasitabbatā vuttā. <span class="bld">Nibbatti passitabbā</span>ti paṭhamaṃ tāva āgamānusārato anumānavasena daṭṭhabbā. Tato paraṃ anukkamena balappatte bhāvanāñāṇe paccakkhatopi dissatīti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Rūpanibbattipassanākārakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para700"></a><span class="paranum">700</span>. <span class="bld">Sabbesa</span>nti <a name="V2.0375"></a> kāmāvacarādiaṇḍajādibhedabhinnānaṃ sabbesaṃ sattānaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭhamaṃ kammato nibbattati</span> taṃmūlakattā utujādirūpānaṃ. Parato pavattanakakāyadasakādivasena labbhamānaṃ pabandhattayaṃ, santatisīsaṃ vā sandhāya <span class="bld">‘‘tisantativasenā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dandhaṃ <a name="M2.0400"></a> mandaṃ cirena nirodho etassāti <span class="bld">dandhanirodhaṃ</span> sattarasacittakkhaṇāyukattā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘garuparivattī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tenā</span>ti tasmā, yasmā ‘‘tato sīghataraṃ kho, bhikkhave, āyusaṅkhārā khīyantī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 2.228) vacanato rūpadhammāpi ittarakālā eva, arūpadhammā pana tehi sātisayaṃ ittarakālā, tasmā āha bhagavāti attho. Yaṃ panettha vattabbaṃ, taṃ heṭṭhā vicāritameva. <span class="bld">Tehi sadisā</span>ti cittassa uppādabhaṅgakkhaṇehi sadisā. Sabbesampi hi saṅkhārānaṃ uppādabhaṅgakkhaṇesu visadisatā natthi, samānakālāva te. <span class="bld">Ṭhānappatta</span>nti ṭhitikkhaṇappattaṃ. <span class="bld">Tenā</span>ti dutiyabhavaṅgacittena. Vatthurūpaṃ ekassa cittassa nissayo hutvā aññassa na hoti ṭhapetvā maraṇāsannaṃ, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tena saddhi’’</span>ntiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ paṭisandhito paṭṭhāya yāva cuticittassa uppatti, taṃ dassetvā idāni nirodhaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘paṭisandhicittassā’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">ṭhānakkhaṇe</span>ti paṭisandhicittassa ṭhitikkhaṇe. <span class="bld">Yāva pavatti nāma atthī</span>ti yāva saṃsārappavatti nāma atthi, yāva vā cittassa pavatti nāma atthi. Asaññūpapattiyañhi natthi cittappavattīti. Rūpūpapattiyaṃ saṃsedajā opapātikasadisāti opapātikānaṃyeva gahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Opapātikānampī</span>ti <span class="bld">pi</span>-saddena vā saṃsedaje sampiṇḍeti. <span class="bld">Sattasantativasenā</span>ti cakkhudasakādīnaṃ sattannaṃ santatisīsānaṃ vasena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para701"></a><span class="paranum">701</span>. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti kammato rūpapavattiyaṃ. Nānākkhaṇikakammapaccayabhūtaṃyeva idha kammanti adhippetanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kammaṃ nāma kusalākusalacetanā’’</span>ti. Jīvitanavakaṃ cakkhudasakādiantogadhameva katvā <span class="bld">‘‘samasattatirūpa’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. Taṃ vā cakkhudasakādi viya sukhapariggahaṃ na hotīti. <span class="bld">Tadevā</span>ti yathāvuttaṃ vipākakkhandhakaṭattārūpamāha. Kammañhi kammajassa janakaṃ, paripācakampi hoti jīvitindriyassa, kammajaggino ca vasena anurakkhaṇasabbhāvato, āhārādipaṭilābhahetutāya upatthambhakanimittato ca. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘upatthambhakapaccayopi hotī’’</span>ti. Upatthambhakapaccayatā <a name="V2.0376"></a> cassa upanissayapaccayavaseneva veditabbā. Kammaṃ paccayo etassāti kammapaccayaṃ, tadeva cittaṃ, taṃ samuṭṭhānaṃ etassāti <span class="bld">kammapaccayacittasamuṭṭhānaṃ</span>. Vipākacetasikānampi kammapaccayacittasamuṭṭhānatā vattabbā, na vā vattabbā kammasamuṭṭhānakammapaccayaggahaṇena gahitattā. <span class="bld">Ṭhānappattā ojā aññaṃ ojaṭṭhamakaṃ samuṭṭhāpeti</span> āhārānugate sarīreti gahetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tatrāpī</span>ti <a name="M2.0401"></a> kammasamuṭṭhānāhārasamuṭṭhānepi ojaṭṭhamake. <span class="bld">Catasso vā pañca vā pavattiyo ghaṭetī</span>ti sadisasantativasena catasso vā pañca vā rūpakalāpappavattiyo santāneti. Bāhirapaccayavisesena pana visadisā bahūpi pavattiyo ghaṭetīti vadanti. Yathā kammapaccayāhārasamuṭṭhāne paveṇighaṭanā, evaṃ kammapaccayautusamuṭṭhānepīti taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kammapaccayautusamuṭṭhānaṃ nāmā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Ettha ca yathā tattha tattha koṭṭhāse paramparappavattiṃ dassentena akammajā dutiyādipavattiyo asambhedena dassitā, evaṃ kammajāhārasamuṭṭhānautuvasena, kammajautusamuṭṭhānāhāravasena, kammapaccayacittajāhārautusamuṭṭhānautuāhāravasena ca sambhedavasenāpi rūpappavatti dassetabbāti vadanti. Tattha kammajato pavattaāhārā visesapaccayalābhe sati yathāvuttaparimāṇāhi pavattīhi uddhampi pavattiyo na ghaṭentīti na sakkā vattuṃ. Tathā hi ‘‘dasa dvādasa vāre pavattiṃ ghaṭetī’’ti (visuddhi. 2.703), ‘‘evaṃ dīghampi addhānaṃ anupādinnapakkhe ṭhatvāpi utusamuṭṭhānaṃ pavattati evā’’ti (visuddhi. 2.704) ca vakkhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para702"></a><span class="paranum">702</span>. <span class="bld">Janakājanakā matā</span>ti purimakā tikoṭṭhāsasaṅgahitā janakā, pacchimakoṭṭhāsikā ‘‘soḷasā’’ti vuttā ajanakāti matā ñātā. <span class="bld">Kusalakiriyato</span>ti kusalato ca kiriyato ca. Iriyāya kāyikakiriyāya pavattiṭṭhānatāya pathabhāvato <span class="bld">iriyāpatho,</span> gamanādi, atthato tadavatthā rūpappavatti. Kāmañcettha rūpavinimutto iriyāpatho, viññatti ca natthi, tathāpi na sabbaṃ rūpasamuṭṭhāpakacittaṃ iriyāpathūpatthambhakaṃ, viññattivikāruppādakañca hoti. Yaṃ pana cittaṃ viññattijanakaṃ, taṃ ekaṃsato itarassa janakaṃ avinābhāvato, tathā iriyāpathūpatthambhakaṃ rūpassa. Etassa visesassa dassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘rūpaṃ, iriyāpathaṃ, viññattiñcā’’</span>ti samuccayo kato. <span class="bld">Vipākavajjānī</span>ti ettha vipākābhiññādvayavajjānīti vattabbaṃ tadaññesaṃyeva sesaggahaṇena gahetabbattā. Na vā vattabbaṃ sesaggahaṇeneva abhiññācittānampi nivattetabbato. <span class="bld">Na viññattiṃ janaya</span>nti <a name="V2.0377"></a> mahaggatakusalādīnaṃ santabhāvena avipphārikabhāvato. Vipphārikameva hi kāmāvacarakusalādiviññattiṃ samuṭṭhāpeti, iriyāpathūpatthambhakāni pana honti satipi santabhāve jhānavegena saussāhattā, yato tesaṃ javanakiccatā. Pañca bhavaṅgacittānīti <a name="M2.0402"></a> sambandho. <span class="bld">Rūpameva janayanti, na iriyāpathaṃ</span> nirussāhasantabhāvena paridubbalabhāvato. Kiriyāmayacittehi avimissabhavaṅgappavattikāle khandhādisarīrāvayavānaṃ niccalabhāvenāvaṭṭhānaṃ. Tathā hi abbokiṇṇe bhavaṅge pavattamāne aṅgāni osīdanti paviṭṭhāni viya honti. ‘‘Dvattiṃsā’’ti pana ādinā vuttesu jāgaraṇacittesu vattamānesu aṅgāni upatthaddhāni yathāpavattairiyāpathabhāveneva pavattantīti. <span class="bld">Dvepañcaviññāṇāni</span> sabbadubbalatāya rūpaṃ na janenti. <span class="bld">Paṭisandhicittaṃ</span> vatthudubbalatāya. <span class="bld">Khīṇāsavānaṃ cuticitta</span>nti ettha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Kāmāvacarānaṃ pacchimacittassa uppādakkhaṇe yassa cittassa anantarā kāmāvacarānaṃ pacchimacittaṃ uppajjissati, rūpāvacare arūpāvacare pacchimabhavikānaṃ, ye ca rūpāvacaraṃ arūpāvacaraṃ upapajjitvā parinibbāyissanti, tesaṃ cavantānaṃ tesaṃ vacīsaṅkhāro nirujjhissati, no ca tesaṃ kāyasaṅkhāro nirujjhissatī’’ti (yama. 2.saṅkhārayamaka.88) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Pana vacanato aññesampi cuticittaṃ rūpaṃ na samuṭṭhāpetīti viññāyati. Na hi rūpasamuṭṭhāpakacittassa gabbhagatatādivibandhābhāve kāyasaṅkhārāsamuṭṭhāpane kāraṇaṃ atthi, na ca yuttaṃ cuto ca cittasamuṭṭhānarūpañcassa pavattati, nāpi ‘‘cuticittaṃ rūpaṃ samuṭṭhāpetī’’ti pāḷi atthi, ‘‘khīṇāsavāna’’nti, pana visesanaṃ appaṭisandhikanirodhena nirujjhantassa tesaṃ cuticittassa rūpasamuṭṭhāpanaṃ pākaṭanti katvā katanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Soḷasa cittānī</span>ti paricchijja gahaṇaṃ tesaṃ rūpajanane ekaṃsato niyametabbattā, aññāni pana bahūni arūpe uppannāni anokāsagatattā rūpaṃ na janentiyeva. Na ṭhitikkhaṇe, bhaṅgakkhaṇe vā rūpaṃ janentīti sambandho. <span class="bld">Uppādakkhaṇe pana balavaṃ</span> anantarādipaccayalābhato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā pathavīādayo rūpadhammā cittahetukā cittasamuṭṭhānā, evaṃ vedanādayopīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘cittasamuṭṭhānaṃ nāma tayo arūpino khandhā, saddanavaka’’</span>ntiādi. Tenevāha – ‘‘katame dhammā cittasamuṭṭhānā? Vedanākkhandho saññākkhandho saṅkhārakkhandho kāyaviññatti vacīviññattī’’ti (dha. sa. 1201, 1535). Tattha <a name="V2.0378"></a> kāyaviññattiādīnaṃ cittasamuṭṭhānatā pariyāyato vuttāti veditabbā tesaṃ anipphannattā. <span class="bld">‘‘Evaṃ vuttaṃ catusamuṭṭhānarūpa’’</span>nti iminā ataṃsamuṭṭhānasseva cittajarūpassa cittapaccayatā dassitā. Yathā pana kammapaccayaṃ dassitaṃ<a name="M2.0403"></a>, evaṃ cittapaccaye gayhamāne taṃsamuṭṭhānarūpassa, sahajātavedanādīnañca cittapaccayatā siyā. Cittasamuṭṭhānacittapaccaye pana asaṅkarato dassetuṃ pacchājātapaccayavaseneva cittapaccayaṃ uddhaṭanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Cittasamuṭṭhānautuāhārehi kammasamuṭṭhānautuāhārā balavanto hontīti tesaṃ vasena catupañcapavattighaṭanaṃ vuttaṃ, cittasamuṭṭhānānaṃ pana vasena dvattippavattighaṭanaṃ taṃpākatikacittavasena, mahaggatānuttaracittavasena pana bahutarāpi pavattiyo icchitabbā. Taṃnibbattānaṃ cittajarūpānaṃ uḷārapaṇītabhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para703"></a><span class="paranum">703</span>. <span class="bld">‘‘Upādinnaṃ kammajarūpaṃ paccayaṃ labhitvā’’</span>ti etena bahiddhā anupādinnaojā rūpāharaṇakiccaṃ na karotīti dasseti. Paccayalābho cassa kammajabhūtasannissayatāvasenāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tattha patiṭṭhāyā’’</span>ti. Tattha kammapaccayacittasamuṭṭhānādirūpassapi kammamūlakattā siyā kammajapariyāyoti taṃnivattanatthaṃ ‘‘upādinna’’nti visesetvā vuttaṃ. Āhārapaccayassa āhāro na kevalaṃ upatthambhakova, atha kho janakopīti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘catusamuṭṭhānarūpa’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. ‘‘Dasa dvādasa vāre’’ti vatvā kathaṃ imasseva dasa dvādasa vāre pavattighaṭanāti anuyogaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘ekadivasaṃ paribhuttāhāro’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Dārakassa sarīraṃ pharitvā</span>ti nābhimūlānugatāhi rasaharaṇīhi pharitvā, aññathā jalābuantarike kāye makkhanāvasena na sammāviniyogo āhārassa sambhavatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Upādinnako anupādinnakoti duvidhe āhāre pubbe anupādinnako āhārapaccayaāhāro dassitoti itaraṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kammajāhāro’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Taṃ kammapaccayāhārasamuṭṭhāne vuttanayameva. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘catasso vā pañca vā pavattiyo ghaṭetī’’</span>ti. Āhārapaccayautunopi utupaccayāhārassa viya dasa dvādasa vāre pavattighaṭanā veditabbā. Vuttanayattā na uddhatanti vadanti. <span class="bld">Sesāna</span>nti kammacittautusamuṭṭhānānaṃ tisantatirūpānaṃ. Kabaḷīkārāhāro hi aññāhārasamuṭṭhitassa, tisantatirūpānañca upatthambhakavasena attanā uppāditassa janako hutvā paccayo hoti. Evaṃ āhārapaccayo hontoyeva atthiavigatavasenāpi paccayo hoti, nissayabhāvo pana paṭṭhānanayena natthi. Āhārapaccayā pavattamānāni rūpāni āhāranissayāni <a name="M2.0404"></a><a name="V2.0379"></a> nāma hontīti suttantanayena vuttoti daṭṭhabbo. Parato utuno nissayajotanāyapi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para704"></a><span class="paranum">704</span>. Kammasamuṭṭhānādivasena catubbidhāyapi tejodhātuyā rūpuppādane samatthabhāvato <span class="bld">‘‘utu nāma catusamuṭṭhānā tejodhātū’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Esa duvidho hotī</span>ti esa utu tejodhātubhāvāvisesepi tikkhamandatāvisesena uṇho, sītoti duvidho hoti. Yaṃ panettha vattabbaṃ, taṃ heṭṭhā vicāritameva. Yadipi utu upādinnakena vināpi rūpaṃ samuṭṭhāpeti, indriyabaddhe pana tena vinā tassa rūpuppādanaṃ natthīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘upādinnakaṃ paccayaṃ labhitvā’’</span>ti. Tenāha ‘‘catusamuṭṭhāno utū’’ti. Utusamuṭṭhānoyeva hi utu upādinnakena vinā rūpaṃ samuṭṭhāpeti. <span class="bld">Utupaccayaṃ</span> nāma catusamuṭṭhānikaṃ rūpaṃ. Yañhi utusamuṭṭhānaṃ pannarasavidhaṃ rūpaṃ, yañca tadaññatisantatirūpaṃ, tassa sabbassapi sabhāgo utuupatthambhakapaccayo hotīti. Yasmā visabhāgo utu himādi viya padumādīnaṃ visadisarūpuppattihetubhūtaṃ purimarūpaṃ vināsentaṃ viya hoti, tasmā sabhāgaṃ, visabhāgañca ekajjhaṃ gahetvā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘utu catusamuṭṭhānikarūpānaṃ pavattiyā ca vināsassa ca paccayo hotī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dīghampi addhāna</span>nti ‘‘dasa dvādasa vāre’’ti aññassa vuttaparicchedato dīghampi kālaṃ. Utu hi sabhāgasantativasena laddhapaccayaṃ ciratarampi kālaṃ sadisākāraṃ rūpappavattiṃ santāneti upādinnakasannissayena vinā, pageva itarathā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘anupādinnapakkhe ṭhatvāpī’’</span>ti, maṃsavinimuttakesalomanakhacammakhilatilakādivasena jīvamānasarīre aññattha matakaḷevarādivasenāti adhippāyo. Rūpassa nibbattiyā diṭṭhāya tassa bhaṅgopi diṭṭhoyeva hoti ittarakālattā dhammappavattiyāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘nibbattiṃ passanto kālena rūpaṃ sammasati nāmā’’</span>ti. Na hi nibbattimattadassanaṃ sammasanaṃ nāma hoti, udayabbayadassanañca adhikatanti. Esa nayo ito paresupi nibbattiggahaṇesu.</p>
<p class="subhead">Arūpanibbattipassanākārakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para705"></a><span class="paranum">705</span>. <span class="bld">Lokiyacittuppādavasenevā</span>ti avadhāraṇaṃ itarassa avisayattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nibbattati</span> <a name="M2.0405"></a><a name="V2.0380"></a> taṃtaṃbhavavasena. Tadeva ekūnavīsatippabhedaṃ cittaṃ bhavaṅgavasena nibbattatīti sambandho. Tathā <span class="bld">cutivasena tadārammaṇavasenā</span>ti etthāpi. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti tesu ekūnavīsaticittuppādesu. <span class="bld">Anantaracittato paṭṭhāyā</span>tiādināpi pavattiyeva vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">So pana paṭisandhicittānaṃyeva pavattiyaṃ pavattanākāroti suddhappavatticittānaṃ uppattiṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘pavatte panā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Asambhinnattā</span>ti avinaṭṭhattā. ‘‘Asambhinnattā cakkhussā’’tiādinā saṅkhepato vuttamatthaṃ vivarituṃ <span class="bld">‘‘cakkhupasādassa hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Ṭhitippattamevā’’</span>ti iminā yathā nirujjhamānaṃ rūpaṃ kassaci paccayo na hoti, evaṃ uppajjamānampīti dasseti. Cakkhuviññāṇaṃ uppajjatīti sambandho. Evaṃ sesesupi. Kāmāvacarakusalākusalakiriyacittesu ekaṃ vā pañca, satta vā javanāni hutvā uppajjatīti sambandho. Upekkhāsahagatāhetukaṃ cittaṃ vāti vā-saddaṃ ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ. Voṭṭhabbanañhi sandhāya evaṃ vuttaṃ, taṃ pana dutiyamoghavāravasena veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Pañca javanāni</span> suttamucchitādikāle, <span class="bld">satta</span> pākatikakāle veditabbāni. <span class="bld">Javanārammaṇānurūpa</span>nti ‘‘tihetukaṃ ce javanaṃ, tihetukaṃ, dvihetukaṃ vā’’tiādinā, ‘‘iṭṭhaṃ ce ārammaṇaṃ, somanassasahagata’’ntiādinā ca javanassa, ārammaṇassa ca anurūpaṃ. <span class="bld">Sesadvāresū</span>ti sotadvārādisesadvāresu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anukkamenā</span>ti udayabbayañāṇādhigamānukkamena <span class="bld">paññābhāvanaṃ sampādeti</span> arahattaṃ adhigacchati.</p>
<p class="subhead">Rūpasattakasammasanakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para706"></a><span class="paranum">706</span>. Rūpesu manasikārasattakaṃ <span class="bld">rūpasattakaṃ,</span> rūpadhammesu sattahākārehi manasi kārotīti attho. Evaṃ arūpasattakampi veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Imehi ākārehī</span>ti imehi ādānanikkhepanamanasikārādippakārehi, imehi vā yathāvuttakoṭṭhāsehi. <span class="bld">Āropetvā</span>ti tilakkhaṇaṃ āropetvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ādānanikkhepanato</span>ti bhavassa gahaṇavissajjanato, jātito, maraṇato cāti attho. <span class="bld">Vayovuḍḍhatthagāmito</span>ti vayasā vuḍḍhassa atthagāmibhāvato, atthaṅgamato icceva attho. <span class="bld">Āhārato</span>ti āhārahetu<a name="M2.0406"></a><a name="V2.0381"></a>, rūpassa paccayabhūtaāhāratoti attho. Ayalohādibhūmipāsāṇādibhedaṃ vividhavaṇṇasaṇṭhānaṃ kammānapekkhaṃ sabhāvasiddhaṃ rūpaṃ <span class="bld">dhammatārūpaṃ. Sattā</span>ti sattadhā sattahākārehi. <span class="bld">Vipassatī</span>ti taṃ taṃ koṭṭhāsaṃ tilakkhaṇaṃ āropetvā vipassati sammasati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Bhārādānaṃ dukhaṃ loke’’ti vacanato khandhabhārassa ādito gahaṇanti katvā <span class="bld">‘‘ādānanti paṭisandhī’’</span>ti āha. ‘‘Sabbeva nikkhipissanti, bhūtā loke samussaya’’nti (dī. ni. 2.220; saṃ. ni. 1.186) pana vacanato khandhabhāranikkhepoti katvā <span class="bld">‘‘nikkhepananti cutī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. ‘‘Yo ciraṃ jīvati, so vassasata’’nti (dī. ni. 2.7; saṃ. ni. 1.145-146; a. ni. 7.74) vacanato tato ūnādhikabhāvo appamāṇanti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ekaṃ vassasataṃ paricchinditvā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Etthantare sabbe saṅkhārā</span>ti etasmiṃ ādānanikkhepantare pavattā sabbe bhūtupādāyarūpappabhedā saṅkhārā. Rūpadhammesu hi idaṃ sammasanavidhānanti. ‘‘Aniccā’’ti gahitamattaṃ yuttito hadaye patiṭṭhāpanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kasmā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">uppādavayavattito</span>ti uppajjanavasena, nirujjhanavasena ca pavattanato, ahutvā sambhavato hutvā vayūpagamanatoti attho. <span class="bld">Vipariṇāmato</span>ti santānassa purimuttaravisadisabhāvatoti vadanti. Taṃ vassasataparicchinne rūpe idaṃ sammasananti adhippāyeneva vuttaṃ siyā, jarāmaraṇena vipariṇāmetabbatoti attho. Asatipi dhammabhede avatthābhedo icchitabbo. Na hi uppādāvatthā eva bhaṅgāvatthāti yuttā. Tathā hi vuttaṃ ‘‘jarāya ceva maraṇena cāti dvedhā pariṇāmapakatitāyā’’ti. Sabhāvavigamo eva vā ettha vipariṇāmo. Khaṇikatā <span class="bld">tāvakālikatā</span>. Niccasabhāvābhāvo eva <span class="bld">niccapaṭikkhepo</span>. Aniccadhammā hi teneva attano sabhāvena jānantānaṃ niccataṃ paṭikkhipanti nāma. Yato na niccanti aniccaṃ, uppādakkhaṇe yadavatthā saṅkhārā, na tadavatthā ṭhitikkhaṇeti avatthantarappattiyā ñāyati tesaṃ kilamanākāroti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ṭhitiyaṃ jarāya kilamantī’’</span>ti, svāyamattho pākaṭajarāya veditabbo. Ye pana saṅkhārānaṃ ṭhitiṃ na sampaṭicchanti, tattha vattabbaṃ heṭṭhā vuttameva. Dhammānaṃ sabhāvo nāma duratikkamo jarānantaraṃ bhaṅgoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘jaraṃ patvā avassaṃ bhijjantī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā uppādajarābhaṅgavasena <a name="M2.0407"></a> saṅkhārānaṃ nirantarabādhatā, tato ca nesaṃ dussahatāya dukkhamatā, tissannaṃ dukkhatānaṃ, saṃsāradukkhassa ca adhiṭṭhānatāya dukkhavatthutā, tasmā. Abhiṇha…pe… dukkhāti yojanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Sukhapaṭikkhepato’’</span>ti <a name="V2.0382"></a> idaṃ vuttanayameva. <span class="bld">Ṭhitiṃ mā pāpuṇantu,</span> uppajjamānākāreneva pavattantūti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">‘‘Uppannā’’</span>ti iminā uppādakkhaṇasamaṅgitā vuttā. <span class="bld">Ṭhānappattā mā jīrantū</span>ti kasmā vuttaṃ, nanu atthato ṭhiti eva jarāti? Saccametaṃ, jarāvasena pana yo kilamatho, so idha jarāggahaṇena gahitoti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Mā bhijjantū</span>ti niccataṃ āsīsati. Kassaci dhammissarassāpi bhagavato vasavattibhāvo natthi. Na hi lakkhaṇaññathattaṃ kenaci kātuṃ sakkā. Bhāvaññathattameva hi iddhivisayo. <span class="bld">Suññā</span> saṅkhārā <span class="bld">tena</span> tīsu ṭhānesu <span class="bld">vasavattanākārena. Tasmā</span>ti vuttakāraṇaparāmasanaṃ. <span class="bld">Suññato</span>ti nivāsīkārakavedakaadhiṭṭhāyakavirahena tato suññato, na nissabhāvatoti ekaccaparikappitasabhāvasuññato. <span class="bld">Assāmikato</span>ti sāmibhūtassa kassaci abhāvato. Etena anattaniyataṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Avasavattito</span>ti yathāvuttavasavattibhāvābhāvato. <span class="bld">Attapaṭikkhepato</span>ti paraparikappitassa attano paṭikkhipanato. ‘‘Suññato’’tiādinā hi dhammānaṃ bāhirakaparikappitaattaviraho vutto, iminā pana ataṃsabhāvato attā na hotīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para707"></a><span class="paranum">707</span>. Ettha ca ‘‘uppādavayavattito’’tiādinā catūhi kāraṇehi aniccā, ‘‘abhiṇhasampaṭipīḷanato’’tiādinā catūhi kāraṇehi dukkhā, ‘‘suññato’’tiādinā catūhi kāraṇehi anattāti rūpadhamme niruḷhaṃ lakkhaṇattayaṃ pubbe attanā asallakkhitaṃ sallakkhetvā sammasanto taṃ tattha āropetīti vuccati. Tathā panānena ādānanikkhepanavasena sammasitattā āha <span class="bld">‘‘rūpe tilakkhaṇaṃ āropetvā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha ca yasmā aniccalakkhaṇaggahaṇapubbakaṃ dukkhalakkhaṇaggahaṇaṃ, dukkhalakkhaṇaggahaṇapubbakaṃ vā anattalakkhaṇaggahaṇaṃ. Aniccalakkhaṇañcettha rūpabhedena dassiyamānaṃ yathoḷārikato dīpetabbanti taṃ vassasataparicchedena paṭhamaṃ dassentena vassasataṃ ṭhitassa ‘‘dasa vā vīsati vā’’tiādinā <a name="M2.0408"></a> vibhajitvā anukkamena yāvauddharaṇādikoṭṭhāsavasena rūpassa bhaṅgaṃ disvā tato ‘‘aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ anattā’’ti tilakkhaṇāropanaṃ vayovuḍḍhatthaṅgamato sammasananti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tameva vassasata’’</span>ntiādinā vayavasena rūpassa sammasanavidhi āraddho. Tattha yasmā oḷārikavasenevāyaṃ ādito rūpabhedo gayhati, tasmā na vassasataṃ samakoṭṭhāsavasena vibhattaṃ, majjhimāvatthāya vā tathārūpattā majjhimavaye ekaṃ vassaṃ vaḍḍhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para708"></a><span class="paranum">708</span>. Mandatābāhullena <a name="V2.0383"></a> pavattaṃ vassānaṃ dasakaṃ <span class="bld">mandadasakaṃ</span>. Esa nayo sesesupi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tadā</span>ti paṭhame vassadasake. <span class="bld">So</span>ti puggalo. <span class="bld">Capalo</span>ti anavaṭṭhitakiriyatāya taralo. Tena momūhabhāvato viseseti. Na hesa navamadasake viya momūhabhāvena mando, atha kho capalatāyāti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kumārako’’</span>ti. Tatiye dasake maṃsapāripūriyā yathārahaṃ chavivaṇṇo vippasīdatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vaṇṇāyatanaṃ vepullaṃ pāpuṇātī’’</span>ti. Catutthe dasake aṭṭhīnaṃ, nhārūnañca thirabhāvappattiyā <span class="bld">balañca thāmo ca vepullaṃ pāpuṇāti</span>. Pañcame dasake yobbanamadassa dūrībhāvena yebhuyyena kilesatanutāya paññā yathārahaṃ suvisadā hoti. Khiḍḍāya rati <span class="bld">khiḍḍārati</span>. Kapallikādinissayavisesena padīpassa suddhatādi viya nissayavisesena pañcamachaṭṭhadasakesu paññāya buddhihāniyo veditabbā. <span class="bld">Purato pabbhāro hoti</span> kaṭisandhigīvāsandhīnaṃ vasena rassassāpi, pageva dīghassa. <span class="bld">Pabbhāro</span>ti ca garubhāvena palambako. <span class="bld">Momūho hoti</span> satipaññāvippavāsato. <span class="bld">Sayanabahulova hoti</span> ṭhānādivasena sarīrabhāraṃ vahituṃ asakkonto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para709"></a><span class="paranum">709</span>. <span class="bld">Tiṇṇaṃ tiṇṇaṃ vassāna</span>nti yebhuyyatāya vuttaṃ. Catuvassikopi hi eko koṭṭhāso hotīti. Dvisataṃ koṭṭhāse katvā ekekaayanavasenātipi veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vassāne pavattarūpanti sambandho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Taṃ <a name="M2.0409"></a> pana vassānaṃ dvidhā samattaṃ, na pubbe viya catumāsanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘dvemāsa’’</span>nti. Accantasaṃyoge cetaṃ upayogavacanaṃ. So pana <span class="bld">vassāno</span> utu sāvaṇapoṭṭhapādamāsā, assayujakattikamāsā <span class="bld">sarado,</span> migasiraphussamāsā <span class="bld">hemanto,</span> māghaphaggunamāsā <span class="bld">sisiro,</span> cittavesākhamāsā <span class="bld">vasanto,</span> jeṭṭhāsaḷhamāsā <span class="bld">gimho</span> utūti veditabbo. <span class="bld">Cha koṭṭhāse katvā</span>ti dasadasanāṭikāvasena cha koṭṭhāse katvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para710"></a><span class="paranum">710</span>. Abhimukhaṃ purato kamanaṃ <span class="bld">abhikkamo</span>. Paṭinivattanavasena kamanaṃ <span class="bld">paṭikkamo</span>. Āmukhaṃ lokanaṃ <span class="bld">ālokanaṃ</span>. Vividhaṃ ito cito ca lokanaṃ <span class="bld">vilokanaṃ</span>. Hatthapādānaṃ saṅkucanaṃ <span class="bld">samiñjanaṃ</span>. Āyamanaṃ <span class="bld">pasāraṇaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pāduddharaṇakāle</span>ti <a name="V2.0384"></a> dutiyapāduddharaṇakāle. <span class="bld">Pādassā</span>ti uddhaṭapādassa. <span class="bld">Omattā</span>ti sattito hīnappamāṇā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘mandā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Itarā</span>ti tejovāyodhātuyo. Yathā pādassa uddharaṇaṃ sijjhati, tathā pavattacittasamuṭṭhānarūpesu ekaṃsato tejovāyodhātūnaṃ adhimattatā icchitabbā sallahukasabhāvatāya tāsaṃ. Tato eva ca itarāsaṃ omattatā garusabhāvattā. Taṃsambandhattā pana sesaṃ tisamuṭṭhānarūpaṃ taggatikameva hoti. Kāyavacīviññattipavattiyaṃ vāyopathavīadhimattatā imassa atthassa nidassananti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Purato haraṇe, pacchato haraṇe ca uddharaṇe viya sallahukasabhāvarūpappavattīti tāsaṃyeva dvinnaṃ dhātūnaṃ adhimattatā icchitabbāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tathā atiharaṇavītiharaṇesū’’</span>ti. Yathā uddharaṇādīsu sallahukasabhāvattā pacchimānaṃ dvinnaṃ dhātūnaṃ kiccaṃ adhikaṃ hoti, itarāsaṃ hīnaṃ, evaṃ vossajjanādīsu tīsu garusabhāvattā purimānaṃ dvinnaṃ kiccaṃ adhikaṃ hoti, itarāsaṃ hīnanti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘vossajjane’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tadupādāyarūpānī</span>ti tā dhātuyo nissāya pavattaupādārūpāni. <span class="bld">Etthevā</span>ti uddharaṇeyeva. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘atiharaṇaṃ appatvā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Itī</span>ti evaṃ. <span class="bld">Tattha tatthā</span>ti tasmiṃ tasmiṃ uddharaṇādikoṭṭhāse. <span class="bld">Pabbaṃ</span> <span class="bld">pabba</span>ntiādi <a name="M2.0410"></a> tesaṃ dhammānaṃ koṭṭhāsantarasaṅkarābhāvadassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Taṭataṭāyantā</span>ti taṭataṭāyanti viya, tena nesaṃ pavattikkhaṇassa ittarataṃ dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para711"></a><span class="paranum">711</span>. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti sammasanassa. <span class="bld">Dārutiṇukkādīsū</span>ti dāruukkātiṇukkādīsu. ‘‘Kiṃ andhabāla ekaghanaṃ satataṃ sabbadābhāviṃ ekanti maññasī’’ti adhippāyenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kimettha manāpa’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Idampī</span>ti yadidaṃ telavaṭṭikkhayena padīpassa apaññāyanaṃ vuttaṃ, idampi. <span class="bld">Aṅgulaṅgulantare</span>ti aṅguliyā mitaṃ aṅgulanti aṅgulappamāṇe padeseti attho. Tantuno avayavalesabhūtaṃ paramasukhumabhāvappattaṃ aṃsuṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘aṃsuṃ pana muñcitvā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tatthā</span>tiādi upamāsaṃsandanaṃ. Tattha kāmaṃ upameyye viya upamāyaṃ pākaṭo kālabhedo natthi, ekakoṭṭhāsagataṃ pana koṭṭhāsantaraṃ na pāpuṇātīti ettāvatā upamābhāvo veditabbo. Upamāyampi vā tāva yāvāti kālassa bhedamattā labbhatevāti tassā gahaṇe kālabhedavasenāpi upamā yojetabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para712"></a><span class="paranum">712</span>. Pubbe ādānanikkhepādivasena catusantatirūpaṃ saṅgharitvā dassitaṃ, idāni āhārasamuṭṭhānādivasena <a name="V2.0385"></a> bhinditvā dassento <span class="bld">‘‘tadeva rūpaṃ visaṅkharitvā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">visaṅkharitvā</span> vibhajitvā. ‘‘Visaṅgharitvā’’ti vā pāṭho, ayamevattho. <span class="bld">Āhāramaya</span>nti āhārena nibbattaṃ. <span class="bld">Jhatta</span>nti milātaṃ. <span class="bld">Kilanta</span>nti khinnaṃ. <span class="bld">Dhāta</span>nti tittaṃ. <span class="bld">Pīṇita</span>nti maṃsūpacayasampattiyā pīṇitaṃ. Tato eva <span class="bld">mudu. Siniddha</span>nti siniddhacchavitāya saṇhaṃ. Tato eva <span class="bld">phassavantaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para713"></a><span class="paranum">713</span>. <span class="bld">Uṇhakāle samuṭṭhitaṃ rūpa</span>nti uṇhasantāpena santattaṃ rūpaṃ sandhāyāha. <span class="bld">Sītautunā</span>ti sappāyena sītautunā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para714"></a><span class="paranum">714</span>. <span class="bld">Āyatanadvāravasenā</span>ti āyatanasaṅkhātadvāravasena. Kammadvāranivattanatthaṃ āyatanaggahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Kāyadvāre</span>ti pasādakāyadvāre. <span class="bld">Manodvāraṃ</span> nāma sāvajjanaṃ bhavaṅgaṃ. Tassa nissayabhāvato hadayavatthuṃ sandhāya nissitavohārena <span class="bld">‘‘manodvāre’’</span>ti vuttaṃ, yattha manodvāruppatti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para715"></a><span class="paranum">715</span>. <span class="bld">Somanassitadomanassitavasenā</span>ti <a name="M2.0411"></a> somanassitadomanassitapuggalavasena, somanassitadomanassitakālavasena vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ayamattho</span>ti ayaṃ idāni vuccamāno saṅkhārānaṃ atiittarakhaṇatāsaṅkhāto attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Jīvita</span>nti jīvitindriyaṃ. <span class="bld">Sukhadukkhā</span>ti sukhadukkhavedanā. Upekkhāpi hi sukhadukkhāsu eva antogadhā iṭṭhāniṭṭhabhāvato. <span class="bld">Attabhāvo</span>ti jīvitavedanāviññāṇāni ṭhapetvā avasiṭṭhadhammā vuttā. Saññāti keci. <span class="bld">Kevalā</span>ti attanā niccabhāvena vā avomissā. <span class="bld">Ekacittasamāyuttā</span>ti ekekena cittena sahitā. <span class="bld">Lahuso vattate khaṇo</span>ti vuttanayena ekacittakkhaṇikatāya lahuko atiittaro jīvitādīnaṃ khaṇo vattati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cullāsītisahassāni kappa</span>nti caturāsītisahassaparimāṇaṃ kappaṃ, accantasaṃyoge etaṃ upayogavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Kappa</span>nti ca sāmaññavasena ekavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Marū</span>ti devā. <span class="bld">Dvīhi cittehi samohitā</span>ti evaṃ cirajīvinopi te dvīhi cittehi sahitā hutvā na tiṭṭhanti. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti <a name="V2.0386"></a> – tesampi santāne jīvitādīni dvīhi cittehi saha na tiṭṭhanti, ekena cittena saha uppannāni teneva saha nirujjhanato yāva dutiyā na tiṭṭhantīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ye niruddhā marantassā</span>ti cavantassa sattassa cuticittena saddhiṃ niruddhāti vattabbā ye khandhā. <span class="bld">Tiṭṭhamānassa vā idhā</span>ti ye vā idha pavattiyaṃ tiṭṭhantassa dharantassa bhaṅgappattiyā niruddhakkhandhā. <span class="bld">Sabbe</span>pi <span class="bld">sadisā</span> te sabbepi ekasadisā atthaṅgatā <span class="bld">appaṭisandhikā</span> puna āgantvā paṭisandhānābhāvena vigatā. Yathā hi cutikkhandhā na nibbattanti, evaṃ tato pubbepi khandhā. Tasmā ekacittakkhaṇikaṃ sattānaṃ jīvitanti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anantarā ca ye bhaggā</span>ti ye saṅkhārā anantarameva bhaggā niruddhā. <span class="bld">Ye ca bhaggā anāgate</span>ti ye ca saṅkhārā anāgate bhaggā bhañjanasīlā bhijjissanti. <span class="bld">Tadantarā niruddhāna</span>nti tesaṃ atītānāgatānaṃ antarā vemajjhe paccuppannataṃ patvā niruddhānaṃ bhaggānaṃ. <span class="bld">Vesamaṃ natthi lakkhaṇe</span>ti tesaṃ tividhānampi bhaṅgalakkhaṇanimittaṃ visamatā visadisatā natthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anibbattena</span> <a name="M2.0412"></a> <span class="bld">na jāto</span>ti anuppannena cittena jāto na hoti, ajāto nāma hoti. <span class="bld">Paccuppannena</span> vattamānena cittena <span class="bld">jīvati</span> jīvamāno nāma hoti. <span class="bld">Cittabhaṅgā mato loko</span>ti cuticittassa viya sabbassapi tassa tassa cittassa bhaṅgappattiyā ayaṃ loko paramatthato mato nāma hoti niruddhassa appaṭisandhikattā. Evaṃ santepi <span class="bld">paññatti paramatthiyā</span> yāyaṃ taṃ taṃ santaṃ sanissayaṃ cittaṃ upādāya ‘‘tisso jīvati, phusso jīvatī’’ti evaṃ vacanappavattiyā visayabhūtā santānapaññatti, sā ettha paramatthiyā paramatthabhūtā. Tathā hi vadanti ‘‘nāmagottaṃ na jīratī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 1.76).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anidhānagatā bhaggā</span>ti ye bhaggā, na te katthaci nidhānaṃ gatā, atha kho abhāvameva gatā. <span class="bld">Puñjo natthi anāgate</span> yato āgaccheyyuṃ vattamānabhāvaṃ. <span class="bld">Nibbattā yepī</span>ti ye paṭiladdhattabhāvā paccuppannā, tepi <span class="bld">āragge sāsapūpamā tiṭṭhanti</span>. Yathā nāma sūciyaṃ ṭhitāyaṃ sāsapo khitto tassā sikhaṃ phuṭṭhamatto vigacchati na tiṭṭhati, evaṃ saṅkhārā uppajjitvā bhijjanti, na tesaṃ avaṭṭhānaṃ atthīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhaṅgo</span> <a name="V2.0387"></a> <span class="bld">nesaṃ purakkhato</span>ti tesaṃ nibbattadhammānaṃ bhaṅgo nāma purato eva kato, ekaṃsabhāvī na apasakkatīti attho. <span class="bld">Purāṇehī</span>ti purimakehi atītehi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Adassanato</span>ti apassitabbato. <span class="bld">Āyantī</span>ti āgacchanti. <span class="bld">‘‘Uppajjantī’’</span>ti imināpi kutoci rāsito āgamanābhāvamevāha. <span class="bld">Bhaggā gacchantudassana</span>nti bhaggāpi katthaci upagamanābhāvato sabbena sabbaṃ adassanaṃ abhāvameva gacchanti. Tattha nidassanamāha <span class="bld">‘‘vijjuppādo…pe… vayanti cā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para716"></a><span class="paranum">716</span>. <span class="bld">‘‘Vivaṭṭakappato paṭṭhāya uppajjanakarūpa’’</span>nti iminā sayameva uppajjanakadhammatāya <span class="bld">‘‘dhammatārūpa’’</span>nti anvatthanāmataṃ dasseti. Ayalohādīsu <span class="bld">ayo</span> nāma kāḷalohaṃ. <span class="bld">Lohaṃ</span> nāma jātilohaṃ vijātilohaṃ kittimalohaṃ pisācalohanti catubbidhaṃ. Tattha ayo rajataṃ suvaṇṇaṃ tipu sīsaṃ tambalohaṃ vekantakalohanti imāni satta <span class="bld">jātilohāni</span>. Nāganāsikalohaṃ <span class="bld">vijātilohaṃ</span>. Kaṃsalohaṃ vaṭṭalohaṃ <a name="M2.0413"></a> hārakūṭanti tīṇi <span class="bld">kittimalohāni</span>. Morakkhakādi <span class="bld">pisācalohaṃ</span>. Tattha tambalohaṃ vekantakanti imehi dvīhi jātilohehi saddhiṃ sesaṃ sabbampi idha ‘‘loha’’nti gahitanti. <span class="bld">Tipū</span>ti setatipu. <span class="bld">Sīsa</span>nti kāḷatipu. <span class="bld">Suvaṇṇaṃ</span> ākaruppannarasaviddhādibhedaṃ. <span class="bld">Muttā</span> sāmuddikamuttādi. <span class="bld">Maṇī</span>ti veḷuriyalohitaṅgamasāragallāni ṭhapetvā avaseso sabbo maṇiviseso. <span class="bld">Veḷuriyo</span> vaṃsavaṇṇamaṇi. <span class="bld">Saṅkho</span> sāmuddikasaṅkho. <span class="bld">Silā</span>ti kāḷasilāpaṇḍusilādibhedā sabbāpi ratanasammatasilā. <span class="bld">Pavāḷaṃ</span> nāma vaṭṭumaṃ viddhamaṃ. <span class="bld">Lohitaṅgaṃ</span> rattamaṇi. <span class="bld">Masāragallaṃ</span> kabaramaṇi. <span class="bld">Bhūmi</span>ādayo pākaṭāva. <span class="bld">Tadassā</span>ti taṃ dhammatārūpaṃ assa yogino.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Taruṇapallavavaṇṇa</span>nti ambādīnaṃ taruṇapallavena samānavaṇṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabhāgarūpasantati</span>nti vaṇṇādinā samānabhāgaṃ rūpasantānaṃ. <span class="bld">Anuppabandhāpayamāna</span>nti hetuphalaparamparāya sambandhanavasena pavattanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">So</span>ti yogī. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti asokarukkhapaṇṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Pariggahetvā</span>ti ñāṇena paricchijja gahetvā. <span class="bld">Iminā nayenā</span>ti iminā asokapaṇṇe vuttena nayena. <span class="bld">Sabbampi</span> ayalohādibhedaṃ <span class="bld">dhammatārūpaṃ</span>. Tampi hi sītakāle sītalaṃ, uṇhakāle sūriyasantāpena uṇhataraṃ hoti. Tattha sītabhāvena pavattaṃ <a name="V2.0388"></a> rūpaṃ uṇhaṃ uṇhabhāvena pavattaṃ rūpaṃ sītaṃ na pāpuṇāti. Tattha tattheva taṭataṭāyantaṃ bhijjatītiādinā yojetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Arūpasattakasammasanakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para717"></a><span class="paranum">717</span>. <span class="bld">Kalāpato</span>ti arūpadhammakalāpato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā tattha phassapañcamakā dhammā sabbacittuppādasādhāraṇā supākaṭā, suviññeyyā ca, tasmā tesaṃ vasena dassento <span class="bld">‘‘kalāpatoti phassapañcamakā dhammā’’</span>ti āha. Ye ime sammasane uppannā phassapañcamakā dhammā, sabbe te vinaṭṭhāti sambandho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pavattaṃ citta</span>nti sattasu ṭhānesu sammasanavasena pavattaṃ cittaṃ. <span class="bld">Sammasanto</span>ti ekajjhaṃ gahetvā sammasanto. <span class="bld">Taṃ yuttatara</span>nti taṃ ariyavaṃsakathāyaṃ vuttaṃ yuttataraṃ āsannabhāvena vibhūtataraṃ rūpasattake sammasanaṃ saha gahetvā sammasanassa vuttattā. Apica rūpasattake sammasanassa <a name="M2.0414"></a> rūpadhammesu sātisayaṃ ghanavinibbhogaṃ katvā pavattattā tabbisayaṃ arūpasammasanaṃ sātisayaṃ aniccādilakkhaṇappaṭivedhāya sampavattatīti taṃ yuttataraṃ, na pana apubbakesādisammasanaṃ katvā tabbisayaṃ pavattitaṃ. Tathā sati kammaṭṭhānaṃ navaṃ navaṃ eva siyā, pubbe gahitaṃ sammasanavisayaṃ chaḍḍetvā aññassa sammasanavisayassa gaṇhanato. <span class="bld">Sesānipī</span>ti yamakato sammasanādīnipi. <span class="bld">Tenevā</span>ti ariyavaṃsakathānayeneva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para718"></a><span class="paranum">718</span>. <span class="bld">Tampi citta</span>nti ādānanikkhepato sammasanavasena pavattacittuppādampi. Cittasīsena hi niddeso. Esa nayo sabbattha. <span class="bld">Yamakato sammasati nāma</span> nāmarūpadhamme ārabbha yugaḷavasena sammasanassa pavattanato. Ayañhi pubbe rūpasattakavasena sammasitvā ṭhitopi idāni ādānanikkhepādivasena sammasitvāva taṃ sammasati. Khaṇikato sammasanādīsupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para719"></a><span class="paranum">719</span>. <span class="bld">Etampī</span>ti etaṃ catutthasammasanacittampi. <span class="bld">Paṭhamacitta</span>nti ādānanikkhepādivasena rūpaṃ <a name="V2.0389"></a> sammasitacittaṃ, yaṃ rūpapariggāhakacittanti adhippetaṃ. Sammasitasammasitacittasammasanena tesaṃ khaṇikabhāvassa vibhāvanato idaṃ sammasanaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘khaṇikato sammasana’’</span>nti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para720"></a><span class="paranum">720</span>. Idameva ca sammasanaṃ diguṇitaṃ anekasammasanapaṭipāṭisambhavato <span class="bld">‘‘paṭipāṭito sammasana’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Vaṭṭeyyā</span>ti sambhaveyya. Tathā sati paṭipāṭisammasanapasutā eva bhāvanā siyā, na mūlakammaṭṭhānupakārī, na cāyaṃ samāpatticāro. Yasmā ca tattakena rūpadhammesu, arūpadhammesu ca aniccādilakkhaṇāni suṭṭhu vibhūtāni honti, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yāva dasamacittasammasanā…pe… ṭhapetabba’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Ṭhapetabba</span>nti ca na ekādasamaṃ dvādasamena sammasitabbanti paṭipāṭito sammasanassa paricchedadassanaparaṃ, na tato sammasanato oramanadassanaparaṃ, tasmā punapi rūpaṃ pariggahetvā yāva dasamacittasammasanā bhāvanamanuyuñjateva. <span class="bld">Vutta</span>nti ariyavaṃsakathāyaṃ vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para721"></a><span class="paranum">721</span>. <span class="bld">Visuṃ sammasananayo nāma natthī</span>ti aniccādimanasikāravinimutto añño vipassanāmanasikāro natthi. Vipassanāya ca diṭṭhiādivikkhambhanā idha diṭṭhiugghāṭanādayoti adhippetā. Vipassanāya eva hi pavattivisesena <a name="M2.0415"></a> diṭṭhiugghāṭanādayo ijjhantīti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ paneta’’</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">sattasaññā</span>ti sattā atthīti uppajjanakasaññā. Dubbalāya attadiṭṭhiyā sahagatasaññātipi vadanti. <span class="bld">Sattasaññaṃ ugghāṭitacittenā</span>ti sattasaññāya vikkhambhanavasena pavattacittena diṭṭhi nuppajjati, saññāvipallāsahetuuppajjanakā cittadiṭṭhivipallāsā tadabhāvena hontīti. <span class="bld">Māno</span> nāma yo diṭṭhūpanissayo apāyagamanīyo, so diṭṭhiyā vikkhambhitāya vikkhambhito eva hoti, diṭṭhiyā samucchinnāya samucchijjanatoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘diṭṭhiugghāṭita…pe… māno nuppajjatī’’</span>ti. Māno vikkhambhiyamāno taṇhāya pavattiṃ nivāreti, abhimatavisayesu eva taṇhāya pavattanatoti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘mānasamugghāṭita…pe… taṇhā nuppajjatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Taṇhā</span>ti idha sukhumā nikanti adhippetāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘taṇhāya…pe… pariyādinnā nāma hotī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ayaṃ nayo</span>ti idāni vuccamāno sammasanavidhi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mama vipassanā</span>ti imassāpi attaniyasaññitāya vipassanāya sāmibhūto attā parāmasīyatīti <a name="V2.0390"></a> diṭṭhigāhatāti tathā <span class="bld">‘‘gaṇhato hi diṭṭhisamugghāṭanaṃ nāma na hotī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Kāmañcāyaṃ diṭṭhivisuddhikaṅkhāvitaraṇavisuddhisamadhigamena visuddhadiṭṭhiko, maggena pana asamugghāṭitattā anoḷārikāya ca diṭṭhiyā vasenevaṃ vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Suṭṭhū</span>ti sammā. <span class="bld">Manāpa</span>nti ca kiriyāvisesanaṃ, manavaḍḍhanākārenāti attho. Ubhayenāpi vipassanāvisayaṃ adhimānamāha. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘mānasamugghāṭo nāma na hotī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vipassituṃ sakkomī</span>ti tattha samatthatāpadesena guṇavisesayogato vipassanāya assādetabbatā dassīyati, cittaṃ vipassituṃ sakkomi. Tasmā vipassanto eva kālaṃ vītināmessāmīti vipassanaṃ assādentassāti yojanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā diṭṭhisamugghāṭanaṃ nāmettha visesato anattānupassanāya hoti, tasmā taṃ dassentena <span class="bld">‘‘sace saṅkhārā’’</span>tiādinā anattānupassanāvidhiṃ vatvā yasmā pana anattato anupassantena saṅkhārā aniccatopi <a name="M2.0416"></a> dukkhatopi anupassitabbā eva tadupabrūhanato, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘hutvā abhāvaṭṭhenā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā mānasamugghāṭanaṃ nāma aniccānupassanāya hoti. Khaṇe khaṇe bhijjanake saṅkhāre passantassa kuto mānassa avasaro. Aniccasaññā bhāvetabbā asmimānasamugghāṭāyāti hi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā nikantipariyādānaṃ nāma dukkhānupassanāya hoti. Na hi sabhāvato, dukkhavatthuto ca dukkhabhūte saṅkhāre passantassa tattha īsakampi abhirato hoti. Assādānupassino hi tattha taṇhā uppajjeyya. Sesaṃ anattalakkhaṇe vuttanayameva. Ayaṃ panettha saṅkhepattho – vuttanayena paṭipāṭito sammasanaṃ pasutassa yogino yadā anattānupassanā tikkhā sūrā visadā pavattati, itarā dvepi tadanugatikā, tadānena diṭṭhiugghāṭanaṃ kataṃ hoti. Attadiṭṭhimūlikā hi sabbā diṭṭhiyo. Anattānupassanā ca attadiṭṭhiyā ujupaṭipakkhā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadā pana aniccānupassanā tikkhā sūrā visadā pavattati, itarā dvepi tadanugatikā<a name="V2.0391"></a>, tadānena mānasamugghāṭanaṃ kataṃ hoti. Sati hi niccagāhe mānajappanā ‘‘idaṃ niccaṃ, idaṃ dhuva’’ntiādinā (ma. ni. 1.501) <span class="bld">bakabrahmuno</span> viya. Aniccānupassanā ca niccagāhassa ujupaṭipakkhā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadā pana dukkhānupassanā tikkhā sūrā visadā pavattati, itarā dvepi tadanugatikā, tadānena nikantipariyādānaṃ kataṃ hoti. Sati hi sukhasaññāya taṇhāgāhova, dukkhānupassanā ca nikantiyā ujupaṭipakkhā. Evaṃ tissannaṃ anupassanānaṃ kiccavisesavasena diṭṭhiugghāṭanādīni honti. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘iti ayaṃ vipassanā attano attano ṭhāneyeva tiṭṭhatī’’</span>ti. Anupassanānaṃ yathārahaṃ sakakiccakaraṇañhi sakaṭṭhāneyeva ṭhānaṃ, tasmā visuṃ sammasananayo natthīti na vattabbanti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para722"></a><span class="paranum">722</span>. <span class="bld">Sabbākārato</span>ti idha viya ekadesena avatvā sabbākārato sarūpato, kiccato ca anavasesato vattabbā. <span class="bld">Idhevā</span>ti tīraṇapariññāyameva. Ekaccānaṃyevettha anupassanānaṃ paṭilābhoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ekadesaṃ paṭivijjhanto’’</span>ti, tā pana sayameva sarūpato dassessati<a name="M2.0417"></a>. <span class="bld">Tappaṭipakkhe dhamme</span>ti yā anupassanā idha sambhavanti, tāsaṃ paṭipakkhe dhamme niccasaññādike <span class="bld">pajahati</span> vikkhambheti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Khayānupassana</span>nti saṅkhārānaṃ khaṇabhaṅgānupassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhāvento</span>ti vaḍḍhento. <span class="bld">Ghanasañña</span>nti santatisamūhakiccārammaṇānaṃ vasena ekattaggahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Khayānupassana</span>nti hutvā abhāvānupassananti vadanti. Yāya paññāya ghanavinibbhogaṃ katvā ‘‘aniccaṃ khayaṭṭhenā’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.48) passati, sā <span class="bld">khayānupassanā</span>. Bhaṅgānupassanato paṭṭhāya tassā pāripūrīti ghanasaññāya pahānaṃ hoti, tato pubbe aparipuṇṇatāya taṃ na hoti. Evamaññatthāpīti paripuṇṇāparipuṇṇatā pahānatīraṇapariññāsu vipassanāpaññāya daṭṭhabbā. Paccakkhato, anvayato ca saṅkhārānaṃ bhaṅgaṃ disvā tattheva bhaṅgasaṅkhāte nirodhe adhimuttatā <span class="bld">vayānupassanā,</span> tāya <span class="bld">āyūhanaṃ pajahati</span>. Yadatthaṃ, yāya ca āyūhati, tasmiṃ pavatte taṇhāya cassa cittaṃ na namatīti. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vayānupassanaṃ bhāvento āyūhanaṃ pajahatī’’</span>ti. Jātassa jarāmaraṇehi dvidhā pariṇāmadassanaṃ, rūpasattakādivasena vā pariggahitassa taṃtaṃparicchedato paraṃ aññabhāvadassanaṃ <span class="bld">vipariṇāmānupassanā,</span> tāya <span class="bld">dhuvasaññaṃ</span> thirabhāvagahaṇaṃ <span class="bld">pajahati</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Animittānupassanā</span>dayo <a name="V2.0392"></a> aniccānupassanādayo eva. <span class="bld">Nimitta</span>nti santatiyaṃ, samūhe ca ekattasaññāya gayhamānaṃ kālantarāvaṭṭhāyibhāvena, niccabhāvena ca saṅkhārānaṃ sakiccaparicchedatāya saviggahaṃ viya upaṭṭhānamattaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṇidhi</span>nti sukhapatthanaṃ, rāgādipaṇidhiṃ vā, atthato taṇhāvasena saṅkhāresu ninnataṃ. <span class="bld">Abhinivesa</span>nti attābhinivesaṃ. Etesañhi nimittādīnaṃ paṭipakkhabhāvena aniccānupassanādayo animittādināmehi vuttāti aniccānupassanādīhi pahātabbā niccasaññādayo viya nimittaggāhādayova paṭipakkhāti daṭṭhabbā. Rūpādiārammaṇaṃ ñatvā tadārammaṇassa cittassa bhaṅgaṃ disvā saṅkhārā eva bhijjanti, saṅkhārānaṃ maraṇaṃ, na añño koci atthīti bhaṅgavasena suññataṃ gahetvā pavattā vipassanā adhipaññā ca sā dhammesu ca vipassanāti <span class="bld">adhipaññādhammavipassanā,</span> tāya niccasārādiādānavasena pavattaṃ abhinivesaṃ sataṇhaṃ diṭṭhiṃ pajahati. <span class="bld">Yathābhūtañāṇadassanaṃ</span> nāma sappaccayanāmarūpadassanaṃ. Tena ‘‘ahosiṃ nu kho ahamatītamaddhāna’’nti <a name="M2.0418"></a> (ma. ni. 1.18; saṃ. ni. 2.20) evamādikaṃ, ‘‘issarato loko sambhavatī’’ti evamādikañca <span class="bld">sammohābhinivesaṃ pajahati</span>. Bhayatupaṭṭhānavasena uppannaṃ sabbabhavādīsu ādīnavadassanañāṇaṃ <span class="bld">ādīnavānupassanā,</span> tāya kassacipi ālayanissayaadassanato <span class="bld">ālayābhinivesaṃ</span> tathāpavattaṃ taṇhaṃ <span class="bld">pajahati</span>. Saṅkhārānaṃ muñcanassa upāyabhūtaṃ paṭisaṅkhāñāṇaṃ <span class="bld">paṭisaṅkhānupassanā,</span> tāya aniccādīsu appaṭisaṅkhātattā paṭisaṅkhānassa paṭipakkhabhūtaṃ avijjaṃ pajahati. Saṅkhārupekkhā, anulomañāṇañca <span class="bld">vivaṭṭānupassanā</span>. Tassā hi vasena tassa padumapalāse udakabindu viya sabbasaṅkhārehi cittaṃ patilīyati patikuṭati, tasmā tāya <span class="bld">saṃyogābhinivesaṃ</span> kāmasaṃyogādikilesappavattiṃ <span class="bld">pajahati</span>. Aniccānupassanādayo satta anupassanā heṭṭhā atthato vibhattāti, parato ca saṃvaṇṇīyantīti idha na vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tāsū</span>ti aṭṭhārasasu mahāvipassanāsu. <span class="bld">Iminā</span>ti yoginā. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti aniccādilakkhaṇattayavasena saṅkhārānaṃ diṭṭhattā. Taṃdassanañhi aniccādianupassanāti. <span class="bld">Paṭividdhā</span>ti paṭiladdhā. Yadaggena hi ñāṇena savisayo paṭividdho, tadaggena taṃ paṭiladdhaṃ nāma hoti. <span class="bld">Byañjanameva nānaṃ</span> yathā ‘‘rukkho pādapo tarū’’ti. <span class="bld">Tāpi</span> animittāpaṇihitasuññatānupassanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbāpi vipassanā,</span> tasmā ekadesena paṭividdhā hontīti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Kaṅkhāvitaraṇavisuddhiyā</span> <a name="V2.0393"></a> <span class="bld">eva saṅgahitaṃ,</span> tasmā taṃ pageva siddhanti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘idampi dvayaṃ paṭividdhameva hotī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sesesu</span> nibbidānupassanādīsu dasasu. <span class="bld">‘‘Kiñci paṭividdhaṃ kiñci appaṭividdha’’</span>nti iminā tesaṃ ekadesapaṭivedhamāha. Aniccānupassanāya hi siddhāya nirodhānupassanā, khayānupassanā, vayānupassanā, vipariṇāmānupassanā ca ekadesena siddhā nāma honti, dukkhānupassanāya siddhāya nibbidānupassanā, ādīnavānupassanā ca, anattānupassanāya siddhāya itarāti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Udayabbayañāṇakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para723"></a><span class="paranum">723</span>. Parato <a name="M2.0419"></a> paṭipadāñāṇadassanakathāyaṃ abbhādivigamena ākāsassa viya, paṅkamalavigamena udakassa viya, kāḷakāpagamena suvaṇṇassa viya saṃkilesavigamena ñāṇassa parisuddhīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘niccasaññādīnaṃ pahānena visuddhañāṇo’’</span>ti. Anekākāravokārasaṅkhāresu lakkhaṇattayasallakkhaṇasammasanassa katattā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sammasanañāṇassa pāraṃ gantvā’’</span>ti. Tattha <span class="bld">sammasanañāṇassā</span>ti nayavipassanāsaṅkhātassa kalāpasammasanañāṇassa. Tasseva hi thirabhāvāya itare sammasanavisesāti vadanti. <span class="bld">Sammasanañāṇassā</span>ti vā kalāpasammasanādisammasanañāṇassa. Anupadadhammavipassanāya sadisā hi sā. Tāya hi diṭṭhiugghāṭanādi sambhavatīti. Vitthārato bhāvanāvidhānaṃ parato vattukāmo <span class="bld">‘‘saṅkhepato tāva ārabhatī’’</span>ti āha. Saṅkhepato hi ārambho ādikammikassa sukaro. <span class="bld">Tatrā</span>ti saṅkhepena ārambhe.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Katha</span>nti kathetukamyatāpucchā. Yaṃ ‘‘paccuppannānaṃ…pe… udayabbayānupassane ñāṇa’’nti vuttaṃ, taṃ kathaṃ ñātabbanti ceti attho. Santatipaccuppanne, khaṇapaccuppanne vā dhamme udayabbayadassanābhiniveso kātabbo, na atītānāgateti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘paccuppannānaṃ dhammāna’’</span>nti. Udayadassanañcettha yāvadeva vayadassanatthanti vayadassanassa padhānataṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vipariṇāmānupassane paññā’’</span>ti vatvā taṃ pana vayadassanaṃ udayadassanapubbakanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘udayabbayānupassane ñāṇa’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Jāta</span>nti nibbattaṃ paṭiladdhattabhāvaṃ. Ayaṃ hi jātasaddo khaṇattayasamaṅgitaṃ sandhāya vutto ‘‘ye dhammā jātā bhūtā’’tiādīsu (dha. sa. 1046) viya, na atītaṃ</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Ye <a name="V2.0394"></a> te jātā na te santi, ye na jātā tattheva te;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Laddhattabhāvā no bhaggā, teva santi sabhāvato’’ti. –</p>
<p class="unindented">Ādīsu viya, nāpi jātatāmattaṃ ‘‘yaṃ taṃ jātaṃ bhūtaṃ saṅkhata’’ntiādīsu viya. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘jātaṃ rūpaṃ paccuppanna’’</span>nti (dī. ni. 2.207; saṃ. ni. 5.379), paccuppannarūpaṃ nāma jātaṃ khaṇattayapariyāpannanti attho. Taṃ pana ādito duppariggahanti santatipaccuppannavasena vipassanābhiniveso kātabbo. <span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti rūpassa. Paccayalakkhaṇapapañcaṃ <a name="M2.0420"></a> anāmasitvā <span class="bld">nibbattilakkhaṇaṃ udayo</span>ti nibbattanasaññitaṃ saṅkhatalakkhaṇaṃ udayo uppādo. <span class="bld">Vipariṇāmalakkhaṇaṃ vayo</span>ti vipariṇāmasaññitaṃ saṅkhatalakkhaṇaṃ vayo vināso. <span class="bld">Anupassanāñāṇa</span>nti yā udayassa, vayassa ca anupekkhanā, taṃ ñāṇaṃ. Kiñcāpi kalāpasammasanādīsu jātijarāmaraṇasīsena jātijarāmaraṇavanto dhammā vuttā, idha pana udayabbayañāṇaniddese ‘‘jāti paccuppannā, tassā nibbattilakkhaṇaṃ udayo, vipariṇāmalakkhaṇaṃ vayo’’tiādinā (paṭi. ma. 1.49) vuccamāne jātijarāmaraṇānaṃ jātijarāmaraṇavantatā, nipphannatā ca anuññātā viya hotīti taṃ pariharituṃ paṭiccasamuppādaṅgesu bhavapariyosānāva desanā katā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">So</span>ti yogī. <span class="bld">Iminā pāḷinayenā</span>ti imāya ‘‘jātaṃ rūpaṃ paccuppanna’’ntiādinā dassitāya pāḷigatiyā. <span class="bld">Jāti</span>nti na pasūtiṃ, na ca paṭhamābhinibbattimattaṃ, atha kho uppādaṃ nibbattivikāraṃ. Svāyaṃ vikāro yasmā saṅkhārānaṃ abhinavāvaṭṭhānajarā viya navabhāvāpagamoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘abhinavākāra’’</span>nti. Samanupassatīti sambandho. <span class="bld">Anuppannassa rāsi vā nicayo vā natthi</span> yato āgaccheyya uppajjamānaṃ aladdhattabhāvassa sabbena sabbaṃ avijjamānattā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘uppajjamāna…pe… natthī’’</span>ti. Yathā anāgate addhani ime dhammā sabbena sabbaṃ natthi, evaṃ atītepi addhanīti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘nirujjhamānassāpī’’</span>tiādiṃ vatvā avijjamānānaṃyeva rūpārūpadhammānaṃ hetupaccayasamavāye uppādo, uppajjitvā ca sabbaso abhāvūpagamoti imamatthaṃ samudāyagataṃ tadekadesabhūtāya upamāya vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yathā panā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">rāsito</span>ti rāsibhāvena samussito puñjo rāsi. Yathā tathā piṇḍibhūto <span class="bld">nicayo</span>. Bhūmiyaṃ nidahitvā ṭhapitaṃ <span class="bld">nidhānaṃ</span>. Upavīṇeti etenāti <span class="bld">upavīṇaṃ,</span> vīṇāvādanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para724"></a><span class="paranum">724</span>. Evaṃ <a name="V2.0395"></a> saṅkhepato udayabbayamanasikāravidhiṃ dassetvā idāni vitthārato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘puna yānī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">avijjāsamudayā</span>ti avijjāya uppādā, atthibhāvāti attho. Nirodhavirodhīhi uppādo atthibhāvavācakopi hotīti vuttovāyamattho. Tasmā purimabhavasiddhāya avijjāya sati imasmiṃ bhave rūpassa uppādo hotīti <a name="M2.0421"></a> attho. <span class="bld">Paccayasamudayaṭṭhenā</span>ti paccayassa uppannabhāvena, atthibhāvatoti attho. Avijjādīhi ca tīhi atītakālikāni tesaṃ sahakārīkāraṇabhūtāni upādānādīnipi gahitānevāti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pavattipaccayesu kabaḷīkārāhārassa balavatāya so eva gahito <span class="bld">‘‘āhārasamudayā’’</span>ti. Tasmiṃ pana gahite pavattipaccayatāsāmaññena utucittānipi gahitāneva hontīti catusamuṭṭhānikarūpassa paccayato udayadassanaṃ vibhāvitamevāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Avijjātaṇhupanissayasahiteneva kammunā rūpakāyassa nibbatti. Asati ca avijjupanissayāya bhavanikantiyā jātiyā asambhavo evāti. Yathā ca rūpassa avijjātaṇhupanissayatā, evaṃ vedanādīnampi daṭṭhabbā. Āhāro pana uppannassa rūpassa posako, kabaḷīkārāhārassa adhippetattā, kāmadhātādhiṭṭhānattā ca desanāya. Ukkaṃsaniddesena vā āhāraggahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Nibbattilakkhaṇa’’</span>ntiādinā kālavasena udayadassanamāha. Tattha addhānavasena pageva udayaṃ passitvā ṭhito idha santativasena disvā anukkamena khaṇavasena passati. <span class="bld">Pañca lakkhaṇānī</span>ti <a name="V2.0396"></a> avijjā taṇhā kammaṃ āhāroti imesaṃ paccayānaṃ atthitāsaṅkhātalakkhaṇāni ceva rūpassa nibbattilakkhaṇañcāti imāni pañca lakkhaṇāni. Tesaṃ atthitā hi rūpassa udayo lakkhīyati etehīti lakkhaṇānīti vuccanti. Nibbatti pana saṅkhatalakkhaṇamevāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Avijjānirodhā rūpanirodho</span>ti aggamaggañāṇena avijjāya anuppādanirodhato anāgatassa rūpassa anuppādanirodho hoti paccayābhāve abhāvato. <span class="bld">Paccayanirodhaṭṭhenā</span>ti avijjāsaṅkhātassa anāgate uppajjanakarūpapaccayassa niruddhabhāvena. <span class="bld">Taṇhānirodhā kammanirodhā</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Āhāranirodhā</span>ti pavattipaccayassa kabaḷīkārāhārassa abhāve. <span class="bld">Rūpanirodho</span>ti taṃsamuṭṭhānarūpassa abhāvo hoti. Sesaṃ heṭṭhā vuttanayānusārena veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Vipariṇāmalakkhaṇa</span>nti bhaṅgakālavasena tesaṃ vayadassanaṃ. Tasmā taṃ addhāvasena pageva passitvā ṭhito idha santativasena disvā anukkamena khaṇavasena passati. <span class="bld">Pañca lakkhaṇānī</span>ti idha avijjādīnaṃ catunnaṃ paccayānaṃ anuppādanirodho, rūpassa khaṇanirodho cāti imāni pañca lakkhaṇāni. Tesañhi anuppādanirodho, rūpassa accantanirodho lakkhīyati etehīti lakkhaṇānīti vuccanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vipariṇāmo</span> <a name="M2.0422"></a> saṅkhatalakkhaṇameva. Esa nayo vedanākkhandhādīsu. Ayaṃ pana viseso – ‘‘phuṭṭho vedeti, phuṭṭho sañjānāti, phuṭṭho cetetī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 4.93), ‘‘phassapaccayā vedanā, cakkhusamphassajā vedanā, saññā, cetanā’’ti, ca vacanato phasso vedanā (vibha. 231) saññā saṅkhārakkhandhānaṃ pavattipaccayo, taṃnirodhā ca tesaṃ nirodho, <span class="bld">mahāpadāna</span> (dī. ni. 2.60) <span class="bld">mahānidāna</span>suttesu, <span class="bld">abhidhamme</span> ca aññamaññapaccayavāre ‘‘nāmarūpapaccayā viññāṇa’’nti (kathā. 719) vacanato nāmarūpaṃ viññāṇassa pavattipaccayo, taṃnirodhā tassa nirodhoti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘phassasamudayā vedanāsamudayo’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca keci tāva āhu ‘‘arūpakkhandhānaṃ udayabbayadassanaṃ addhāsantativaseneva, na khaṇavasenā’’ti. Tesaṃ matena khaṇato udayabbayadassanameva na siyā. Apare panāhu ‘‘paccayato udayabbayadassane atītādivibhāgaṃ anāmasitvā sabbasādhāraṇato avijjādipaccayā vedanāsambhavaṃ labbhamānataṃ passati, na uppādaṃ. Avijjādiabhāve ca tassā asambhavaṃ alabbhamānataṃ passati, na bhaṅgaṃ. Khaṇato udayabbayadassane paccuppannānaṃ uppādaṃ, bhaṅgañca passatī’’ti, taṃ yuttaṃ. Santativasena hi rūpārūpadhamme udayato, vayato ca manasi karontassa anukkamena bhāvanāya balappattakāle ñāṇassa tikkhavisadabhāvappattiyā khaṇato udayabbayā upaṭṭhahantīti. Ayañhi paṭhamaṃ paccayato udayabbayaṃ manasi karonto avijjādike paccayadhamme vissajjetvā udayabbayavante khandhe gahetvā tesaṃ paccayato udayabbayadassanamukhena khaṇatopi udayabbayaṃ manasi karoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tassa yadā ñāṇaṃ tikkhaṃ visadaṃ hutvā pavattati, tadā rūpārūpadhammā khaṇe khaṇe uppajjantā, bhijjantā ca hutvā upaṭṭhahanti. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘evampi rūpassa udayo’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">evampi rūpassa udayo</span>ti evaṃ vuttanayena avijjāsamudayāpi. Taṇhā…pe… kamma…pe… āhārasamudayāpi rūpassa sambhavo. <span class="bld">Evampi rūpassa vayo</span>ti evaṃ vuttanayeneva avijjānirodhāpi taṇhā…pe… āhāranirodhāpi rūpassa vayo anuppādoti <span class="bld">paccayato vitthārena manasikāraṃ karoti</span><a name="V2.0397"></a>. <span class="bld">Evampi rūpaṃ udetī</span>ti evaṃ vuttanayena nibbattilakkhaṇaṃ passantopi kammasamuṭṭhānarūpampi āhārautucittasamuṭṭhānarūpampi udeti uppajjati nippajjatīti. Evaṃ vuttanayeneva vipariṇāmalakkhaṇaṃ passanto kammasamuṭṭhānarūpampi āhārautucittasamuṭṭhānarūpampi <a name="M2.0423"></a> <span class="bld">veti</span> nirujjhatīti khaṇato vitthārena manasikāraṃ karotīti yojanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para725"></a><span class="paranum">725</span>. Evaṃ manasi karoto na yāva udayabbayañāṇaṃ uppajjati, tāva udayabbayā suṭṭhu pākaṭā na hontīti katvā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘iti kirime dhammā…pe… paṭiventī’’</span>ti, nayadassanavasena vā evaṃ vuttaṃ. Paṭhamañhi paccuppannadhammānaṃ udayabbayaṃ disvā atha atītānāgate nayaṃ neti. Dukkhādisaccappabhedā, anulomādipaṭiccasamuppādappabhedā, ekattādinayappabhedā, aniccatādilakkhaṇappabhedā ca <span class="bld">saccapaṭiccasamuppādanayalakkhaṇappabhedā</span>. Paṭiccasamuppādaggahaṇeneva cettha paṭiccasamuppannadhammānampi gahaṇaṃ, tesampi attano phalaṃ pati paṭicca samuppādabhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para726"></a><span class="paranum">726</span>. <span class="bld">Ya</span>nti karaṇe paccattavacanaṃ, yena ñāṇenāti atthaṃ vadanti. <span class="bld">Ya</span>nti vā kiriyāparāmasanaṃ. <span class="bld">Khandhānaṃ samudayaṃ passati, khandhānaṃ nirodhaṃ passatī</span>ti ettha yadetaṃ dassananti attho. <span class="bld">Yaṃ panā</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo. Ettha ca yathā avijjādisamudayanirodhato khandhānaṃ samudayanirodhassa aññattā ‘‘avijjāsamudayā rūpasamudayo’’tiādivacanabhedo (paṭi. ma. 1.50) kato, na evaṃ nibbattivipariṇāmalakkhaṇehi khandhānaṃ udayabbayassa bhedo atthi abhinnādhikaraṇattāti <span class="bld">‘‘nibbattilakkhaṇavipariṇāmalakkhaṇāni passanto khandhānaṃ udayabbayaṃ passatī’’</span>ti vacanabhedaṃ akatvā vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Uppattikkhaṇeyeva hī</span>ti <span class="bld">hi</span>-saddo hetuattho. Yasmā uppādakkhaṇeyeva nibbattilakkhaṇaṃ, bhaṅgakkhaṇeyeva ca vipariṇāmalakkhaṇaṃ, tasmā tāni passanto khaṇato khandhānaṃ udayabbaye passati nāmāti <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ panā’’</span>tiādinā vuttamevatthaṃ pākaṭataraṃ karoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para727"></a><span class="paranum">727</span>. <span class="bld">Iccasseva</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">iti</span>-saddo hetuattho. Yasmā ‘‘avijjā samudayā’’tiādi paccayato khandhānaṃ udayabbayadassanaṃ, ‘‘nibbattilakkhaṇa’’ntiādi khaṇato, tasmāti attho. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti yogino. <span class="bld">Eva</span>nti vuttappakāraparāmasanaṃ. Ye pana <span class="bld">‘‘iccassa paccayato’’</span>ti paṭhanti, tesaṃ <span class="bld">itī</span>ti vuttappakāraparāmasanaṃ. <span class="bld">Janakāvabodhato</span>ti khandhānaṃ janakassa avijjādipaccayassa avabujjhanato<a name="V2.0398"></a>. <span class="bld">Jātidukkhāvabodhato</span>ti jātisaṅkhātassa dukkhassa avabujjhanato. <span class="bld">Dukkhasaccaṃ pākaṭaṃ hoti</span> ekadesadassanena pabbatasamuddādidassanakānaṃ <a name="M2.0424"></a> viya. <span class="bld">Maraṇadukkhāvabodhato</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">‘‘Paccayānuppādenā’’</span>ti etena paccayānaṃ anuppādanirodho idha paccayanirodhoti dasseti. <span class="bld">Paccayavata</span>nti paccayato uppajjanakānaṃ. <span class="bld">Yañcassa udayabbayadassana</span>nti yaṃ assa yogino paccayato, khaṇato ca udayabbayānaṃ dassanaṃ. Tattha asammoho, tappadhāno vā vitakkādidhammapuñjo <span class="bld">maggo vāyaṃ lokiko</span>ti niyyānānulomato lokiko maggo evāyaṃ. <span class="bld">Iti</span> tasmā <span class="bld">maggasaccaṃ pākaṭaṃ hoti</span> sabhāvāvabodhato. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tatra sammohavighātato’’</span>ti, tadaṅgavasenāti attho. Atha vā yathāvutto sammādiṭṭhisaṅkhāto maggo ariyamaggassa upāyabhūto asammohasabhāvo attānampi pakāseti padīpo viyāti maggasaccaṃ pākaṭaṃ hoti. Svāyaṃ pākaṭabhāvo mohandhakāravidhamanenāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tatra sammohavighātato’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para728"></a><span class="paranum">728</span>. ‘‘Avijjāpaccayā’’tiādiko <span class="bld">anulomo paṭiccasamuppādo</span> pavattiyā anulomanato. ‘‘Avijjāsamudayā’’tiādinā avijjādīsu santesūti ayamattho vuttoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘imasmiṃ sati idaṃ hotīti avabodhato’’</span>ti. Pavattiyā vilomanato ‘‘avijjāyatveva asesavirāganirodhā’’tiādiko <span class="bld">paṭilomo paṭiccasamuppādo. Te ca</span> saṅkhatā <span class="bld">paṭiccasamuppannā</span> ‘‘jarāmaraṇaṃ, bhikkhave, aniccaṃ saṅkhataṃ paṭiccasamuppanna’’ntiādivacanato (saṃ. ni. 2.20). Paṭiccasamuppannassa ca pākaṭatā paccayākārapākaṭatāya eva ‘‘imassetaṃ phala’’nti avabodhato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para729"></a><span class="paranum">729</span>. Purimapurimānaṃ nirodho uttaruttarānaṃ uppādānubandhoti ayamattho paccayato udayadassanena sijjhamāno ekattanayādhigamāya hoti. Yato ‘‘añño karoti, añño paṭisaṃvedayatī’’tiādi (saṃ. ni. 2.17) vohārasiddhiyā ucchedadiṭṭhiyā anokāsatā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘hetuphalasambandhenā’’</span>tiādi. Saṅkhārā khaṇe khaṇe uppajjantīti ayamattho khaṇato udayadassanena sijjhamāno nānattanayādhigamāya hoti. Yato paccayapaccayuppannānaṃ sabhāvabhedāvabodhato ‘‘so karoti, so paṭisaṃvedayatī’’tiādinayappavattāya sassatadiṭṭhiyā anokāsatā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘khaṇato udayadassanenā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Paccayato</span> <a name="M2.0425"></a> <span class="bld">udayabbayadassanena</span> paccaye sati phalassa bhāvo, asati abhāvoti imassa atthassa siddhiyā atthitāmatteneva te dhammā kāraṇanti <span class="bld">abyāpāranayo pākaṭo hoti</span>. Yato attadiṭṭhiyā anokāsatā vasavattitāya alabbhaneyyato<a name="V2.0399"></a>. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘dhammāna’’</span>ntiādi. <span class="bld">Avasavattibhāvo</span> parāyattatā, sā ca sappaccayatāya veditabbā. <span class="bld">Paccayato udayadassanena</span> tehi tehi paccayehi ime dhammā uppajjanti, uppajjamānā ca paccayānurūpameva uppajjantīti hetuphalassa hetuanurūpato siddhiyā akiriyadiṭṭhiyā anokāsatāvāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘paccayato panā’’</span>tiādi. Sati kāraṇe kuto akiriyavādo. Karotīti hi <span class="bld">kāraṇaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para730"></a><span class="paranum">730</span>. Paccayato udayaṃ passato paccaye sati sabhāve sati phalassa sambhavoti atthitāmattena upakārakatāti saṅkhatānaṃ nirīhatā, asati ca abhāvoti paccayādhīnavuttitā ca viññāyamānā attasuññataṃ vibhāvetīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘paccayato cassa…pe… tāvabodhato’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Aniccalakkhaṇaṃ pākaṭaṃ hoti</span> khaṇato udayabbayadassanena saṅkhārānaṃ udayabbayato paricchinnatāya viññāyamānattā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘hutvā abhāvāvabodhato’’</span>ti. Uppajjitvā nirujjhanañhi <span class="bld">hutvā abhāvo. Pubbantāparantaviveko</span> atītānāgatabhāvasuññatā. Na hi saṅkhārā khaṇattayato pubbe, pacchā ca vijjanti, tasmā <span class="bld">pubbantāparantavivekāvabodhato</span>ti ādiantavantatāpaṭivedhatoti attho. <span class="bld">Dukkhalakkhaṇampi pākaṭaṃ hoti</span> udayabbayadassanenāti sambandho. Uppajjitvā bhijjantā saṅkhārā uppādato uddhaṃ jarābhaṅgāvatthantaruppattiyā nirantaraṃ vibādhīyanteva. Sā ca nesaṃ vibādhiyamānatā sammā udayabbayadassanena vibhūtā hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘dukkha…pe… bodhato’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabhāvalakkhaṇampī</span>ti udayabbayadassanena na kevalaṃ aniccadukkhalakkhaṇameva, atha kho pathavīphassādīnaṃ kakkhaḷaphusanādisaññitaṃ sabhāvasaṅkhātaṃ lakkhaṇampi pākabhāvaviddhaṃ sabhāvāvacchinnaṃ pākaṭaṃ hoti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘udayabbayaparicchinnāvabodhato’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sabhāvalakkhaṇe</span>ti sabhāvasaññite lakkhaṇe, taṃtaṃdhammānaṃ salakkhaṇe. <span class="bld">Saṅkhatalakkhaṇassa tāvakālikattampī</span>ti uppādādisaṅkhatalakkhaṇassa uppādakkhaṇādiparittakālikatāpi khaṇantarānavaṭṭhānato <a name="M2.0426"></a> tassa. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘udayakkhaṇe’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Udayavaya</span>mattaggahaṇañcettha udayabbayadassanavaseneva imassa ñāṇassa pavattanato, na ṭhitikkhaṇassa abhāvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para731"></a><span class="paranum">731</span>. <span class="bld">Na kevalañca niccanavā,</span> atha kho parittakālaṭṭhāyino. Kathanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sūriyuggamane’’</span>tiādi. Tattha udake daṇḍena katalekhā <span class="bld">udake daṇḍarāji. Ussāvabindu</span>ādayo pañca kiccāpi uttaruttari atiparittaṭṭhāyibhāvadassanatthaṃ nidassitā, tathāpi te dandhanirodhā eva <a name="V2.0400"></a> nidassitā, tatopi lahutaranirodhattā saṅkhārānaṃ. Tathā hi gamanassādānaṃ devaputtānaṃ heṭṭhupariyāyena paṭimukhaṃ dhāvantānaṃ sirasi pāde ca bandhakhuradhārā sannipātatopi sīghataro rūpadhammānaṃ nirodho vutto, pageva arūpadhammānaṃ. Na kevalaṃ niccanavā, nāpi parittakālaṭṭhāyinova, atha kho asārā. Kathanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘māyā’’</span>tiādi. Māyādayo hi maṇiādivasena dissamānā ataṃsabhāvatāya <span class="bld">asārā</span>. Tattha mantosadhabhāvitā indajālādikā <span class="bld">māyā</span>. Migataṇhikā <span class="bld">marīci</span>. Supinameva <span class="bld">supinantaṃ</span>. Maṇḍalākārena āvijjhiyamānaṃ alātameva <span class="bld">alātacakkaṃ</span>. Gandhabbadevaputtānaṃ kīḷanicchāvasena nagaraṃ viya ākāse upaṭṭhānamattaṃ <span class="bld">gandhabbanagaraṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ettāvatā</span>ti yvāyaṃ ‘‘jātaṃ rūpaṃ paccuppanna’’ntiādipāḷinayānusārena (paṭi. ma. 1.49), ‘‘yaṃ kiñci rūpaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppanna’’ntiādipāḷinayānusārena (ma. ni. 1.347, 361; 2.113; 3.86, 89; paṭi. ma. 1.48) vā yāva udayabbayapaṭivedhā bhāvanāvidhi āraddho, ettāvatā. Kalāpasammasanādikopi hi sabbo bhāvanāvidhi udayabbayañāṇuppādanasseva, na parisaparisarīrakarabandhoti. <span class="bld">Vayadhammamevā</span>ti bhijjanasabhāvameva. <span class="bld">Vayaṃ upeti</span> attano dhammatāya. Yañhi upakkamena vinassatīti vuccati, tampi attano dhammatāya eva vinassati ahetukattā vināsassa. Upakkamahetu pana visadisuppādo hoti. <span class="bld">Iminā ākārenā</span>ti ‘‘yaṃ kiñci samudayadhammaṃ, sabbaṃ taṃ nirodhadhamma’’nti (saṃ. ni. 5.1081; mahāva. 16; paṭi. ma. 2.30) hi vuttaṃ, tasmā vayaṃ anālambitvāpi ‘‘vayadhammameva uppajjatī’’ti udayassa, ‘‘uppannañca idaṃ vayaṃ upetī’’ti vayassa ca iminā yathāvuttena paccakkhakaraṇākārena. Adhunā uppannaṃ, na tāva balappattanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘taruṇavipassanāñāṇa’’</span>nti. Kalāpasammasanādivasena pavattaṃ <a name="M2.0427"></a> sammasanaṃ na nippariyāyena vipassanāsamaññaṃ labhati, udayabbayānupassanādivasena pavattameva labhatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yassādhigamā āraddhavipassakoti saṅkhaṃ gacchatī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Vipassanupakkilesakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para732"></a><span class="paranum">732</span>. <span class="bld">Imāya</span> udayabbayānupassanāsaṅkhātāya <span class="bld">taruṇavipassanāya</span> vasena, na āraddhavipassanānaṃ bhaṅgānupassanādisaṅkhātāya taruṇavipassanāya, nāpi nibbidānupassanādisaṅkhātāya <a name="V2.0401"></a> balavavipassanāya vasenāti attho. Na hi tadā vipassanupakkilesā uppajjantīti. <span class="bld">Āraddhavipassakassā</span>ti ca āraddhavipassakassevāti eva-kāro luttaniddiṭṭho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vipassanupakkilesā hī’’</span>tiādi. Diṭṭhigāhādivatthubhāvena vipassanaṃ upakkilesantīti <span class="bld">vipassanupakkilesā. ‘‘Ariyasāvakassā’’</span>ti idaṃ ukkaṭṭhaniddesena vuttaṃ balavavipassanāpattassāpi anuppajjanato. <span class="bld">Vippaṭipannakassā</span>ti sīlavipattiādivasena yathā tathā vippaṭipannakassa. Tassa pana paṭipattiyā garahitabbataṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘vippaṭipannakassā’’</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Ca</span>-saddo uparipadadvayepi yojetabbo. <span class="bld">Nikkhittakammaṭṭhānassā</span>ti vipassanaṃ ārabhitvā antarā vosānaṃ āpannassa. <span class="bld">Kusītapuggalassā</span>ti sīlasampannasseva kosajjena bhāvanaṃ ananuyuñjantassa. Atha vā <span class="bld">vippaṭipannakassā</span>ti vipassanābhāvanāsaṅkhātāya sammāpaṭipattiyā abhāvena vigarahitapaṭipattikassa. Vipassanāpaṭipattiyeva hi sasambhārā pubbabhāge sammāpaṭipatti, tadaññā vippaṭipatti, sā ca tattha nikkhittadhurassa hoti. Nikkhittadhuratā ca kosajjenāti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘nikkhittakammaṭṭhānassa kusītapuggalassā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Yuttappayuttassā</span>ti yogena ñāṇena bhāvanamanuyuñjantassa. Sā pana yuttappayuttatā samathavasenāpi hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘āraddhavipassakassā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Uppajjantiyeva</span> na nuppajjanti aññathā maggāmaggañāṇasseva asambhavato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Obhāsādīsu ‘‘ariyadhammo’’ti pavattaṃ uddhaccaṃ vikkhepo dhammuddhaccaṃ, tena dhammuddhaccena vipassanāvīthito ukkamanena virūpaṃ gahitaṃ pavattitaṃ mānasaṃ <span class="bld">dhammuddhaccaviggahitamānasaṃ. Obhāso dhammo</span>ti kāraṇūpacārenāha, īdisaṃ obhāsaṃ vissajjento mama ariyamaggoti attho. Obhāsaṃ āvajjati ‘‘nibbāna’’nti vā ‘‘maggo’’ti vā ‘‘phala’’nti vā. <span class="bld">Nibbāna</span>nti gaṇhanto <a name="M2.0428"></a> tattha pavattadhamme maggaphalabhāvena gaṇhāti, ñāṇādike pana maggaphalabhāveneva gaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Tato vikkhepo uddhacca</span>nti tato obhāsahetu yo vikkhepo, taṃ uddhaccanti attho. <span class="bld">‘‘Uddhaccena viggahitamānaso’’</span>ti saṅkhepato vuttamatthaṃ vivarituṃ <span class="bld">‘‘aniccato’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">anicca…pe… nappajānāti</span> ‘‘maggaṃ pattosmī’’ti saññāya aniccatādivasena manasikārasseva abhāvato. Ayañca attho –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Yo hi koci, āvuso, bhikkhu vā bhikkhunī vā mama santike arahattappattiṃ <a name="V2.0402"></a> byākaroti, sabbo so catūhi maggehi, etesaṃ vā aññatarena. Katamehi catūhi? Idhāvuso, bhikkhu samathapubbaṅgamaṃ vipassanaṃ bhāveti, tassa samathapubbaṅgamaṃ vipassanaṃ bhāvayato maggo sañjāyati, so taṃ maggaṃ āsevati bhāveti bahulīkaroti. Tassa taṃ maggaṃ āsevato…pe… karoto saṃyojanāni pahīyanti anusayā byantīhonti.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu vipassanāpubbaṅgamaṃ samathaṃ bhāveti…pe… samathavipassanaṃ yuganaddhaṃ bhāveti…pe….</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhuno dhammuddhaccaviggahitaṃ mānasaṃ hoti, hoti so, āvuso, samayo yaṃ taṃ cittaṃ ajjhattameva santiṭṭhati sannisīdati ekodi hoti samādhiyati, tassa maggo sañjāyati…pe… anusayā byantīhontī’’ti (a. ni. 4.170) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Iminā suttapadeneva veditabbo. Ettha hi catutthamaggavissajjane yathāvuttamaggaphalanibbānadhammā <span class="bld">dhammo</span>. Tattha <span class="bld">uddhaccaṃ</span> ‘‘adhigatamaggādikohamasmī’’ti amaggādīsu vikkhepo dhammuddhaccaṃ, tena upaddutaṃ <span class="bld">viggahitamānasaṃ</span> hoti. <span class="bld">Nikanti</span> obhāsādīsu apekkhā sukhumarūpā taṇhā, sā vipassanābhiratiākārena upaṭṭhahantī adhimānikena ‘‘dhammo’’ti gayhatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘nikanti ‘dhammo’ti nikantiṃ āvajjatī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para733"></a><span class="paranum">733</span>. <span class="bld">Vipassanobhāso</span>ti vipassanācittasamuṭṭhitaṃ, sasantatipatitaṃ utusamuṭṭhānañca bhāsuraṃ rūpaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">vipassanācittasamuṭṭhitaṃ</span> yogino <a name="M2.0429"></a> sarīraṭṭhameva pabhassaraṃ hutvā tiṭṭhati, itaraṃ sarīraṃ muñcitvā ñāṇānubhāvānurūpaṃ samantato pattharati, taṃ tasseva paññāyati, tena phuṭṭhokāse rūpagatampi passati, passanto ca cakkhuviññāṇena passati, udāhu manoviññāṇenāti vīmaṃsitabbanti vadanti. Dibbacakkhulābhino viya taṃ manoviññāṇaviññeyyamevāti vuttaṃ viya dissatīti. <span class="bld">Vipassanāvīthi</span> nāma paṭipāṭiyā pavattamānā vipassanāva. <span class="bld">Ukkantā nāma hoti</span> yoginā ‘‘maggappattomhī’’ti adhimānena vissaṭṭhattā, tassa vā <a name="V2.0403"></a> yogino vipassanā tato eva vīthi ukkantā nāma hoti. <span class="bld">Mūlakammaṭṭhāna</span>nti vipassanamevāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vemattatāyā</span>ti appavipulatāvasena visadisatāya. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti obhāsassa. Dvīhi kuṭṭehi paricchinnaṃ gehaṃ <span class="bld">dvikuṭṭagehaṃ</span>. Tassa kira abbhantarepi ekā bhitti hoti bahipi, ubhinnaṃ antare anupariyāyapathaṃ hoti, sāyanhe tattha santharitāni <span class="bld">pañcavaṇṇāni kusumāni,</span> visadañāṇassa obhāsena pharitaṭṭhāne rūpagatañca dibbacakkhuno viya <span class="bld">paññāyanti</span>. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘bhante mayha’’</span>ntiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ obhāsassa vemattatāya vatthuṃ dassetvā cirakālavippalambane vatthuṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ayaṃ panā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">ayaṃ pana vipassanupakkileso</span>ti vakkhamānappakāraṃ sandhāyāha, na sabbaṃ. <span class="bld">So</span>ti so samathavipassanālābhī adhimāniko.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Divāsane</span>ti divāṭṭhāne nisīditabbaāsane. Paṭhamaṃ ‘‘pañhaṃ pucchissāmī’’ti cintitattā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pañhaṃ, bhante, pucchituṃ āgatomhī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pacchā upāyena puthujjanabhāvaṃ viññāpetvā kammaṭṭhāne niyojessāmīti cintitattā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘avassayo bhavissāmiccevāhaṃ āgato’’</span>ti, tassa ca padhānattā sāvadhāraṇaṃ katvā vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ dhammo</span>ti ayaṃ ariyamaggānugato paṭisambhidādhammoti therassa ajjhāsayavasena vadati. <span class="bld">Samādhi</span>nti abhiññāsamādhiṃ. <span class="bld">Añcitakaṇṇo</span>ti niccalaṭṭhapitakaṇṇapuṭo. <span class="bld">Palāyituṃ āraddho</span> bhayena. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘thero kira dosacarito’’</span>ti. Dosacaritassa hi sūrassāpi sahasā bhayaṃ uppajjati. Tenassa khīṇāsavatthero ajjhāsayaṃ ñatvā ‘‘iminā upāyena puthujjanabhāvaṃ jānāpessāmī’’ti <a name="M2.0430"></a> hatthinimmāpanādimakāsi. Dosacaritattā hi thero khippaṃ paṭivijjhi. Khippavirāgī hi dosacarito.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para734"></a><span class="paranum">734</span>. <span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti udayabbayañāṇaṃ matthakaṃ pāpentassa yogino. ‘‘Evampi rūpaṃ udeti, evampi rūpaṃ vetī’’tiādinā udayabbayānupassanamevettha tulanaṃ, tīraṇañca veditabbaṃ. Yathā devānamindena khittaṃ vajiraṃ amoghaṃ, appaṭihatañca hoti, evamidampi ñāṇaṃ nipuṇaṃ udayabbayadassaneti <a name="V2.0404"></a> vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vissaṭṭhaindavajiramivā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">tikhiṇa</span>nti akuṇṭhaṃ. <span class="bld">Sūra</span>nti tejavantaṃ. <span class="bld">Ativisada</span>nti nisitabhāvena ativiya paṭutaraṃ ñāṇaṃ uppajjati. Tathā hinena yogī ‘‘maggappattosmī’’ti maññati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vipassanāpītī</span>ti vipassanācittasampayuttā pīti. Khuddakādayo pītiyo heṭṭhā vaṇṇitā eva. Yasmā udayabbayānupassanāya vīthipaṭipannāya anukkamena pañca pītiyo uppajjanti, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ayaṃ pañca…pe… uppajjatī’’</span>ti. Matthakappattena pana udayabbayañāṇena saddhiṃ pharaṇāpītiyeva hoti. Upacārappanākkhaṇato aññadāpi hi pharaṇāpīti hotiyeva. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sakalasarīraṃ pūrayamānā uppajjatī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Passaddhiādīni cha yugaḷakāni aññamaññāviyoginīti passaddhiyā uppannāya itarāpi uppannā eva hontīti kiccadassanamukhena tā sabbāpi dassento <span class="bld">‘‘kāyacittānaṃ neva daratho, na gārava’’</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha kāyaggahaṇena rūpakāyassapi gahaṇaṃ veditabbaṃ, na vedanādikkhandhattayasseva. Kāyappassaddhiādayo hi rūpakāyassāpi darathādinimmaddikāti. <span class="bld">Kāyacittāni passaddhāni…pe… ujukāniyeva honti</span> tesaṃ apassaddhādibhāvassa hetubhūtānaṃ uddhaccādithinamiddhādidiṭṭhimānādisesanīvaraṇādiassaddhiyādimāyāsātheyyādisaṃkilesadhammānaṃ vidhamanavasena tadā vipassanācittuppādassa pavattanato. <span class="bld">Tasmiṃ samaye</span>ti tasmiṃ udayabbayañāṇuppattisamaye. Manussānaṃ ayanti mānusī, manussayoggā kāmasukharati, tādisehi manussavisesehi anubhavitabbatānativattanato dibbā ratipi saṅgahitā, mānusīsadisatāya kāmasukhabhāvena dibbā ratipi vā, tassā atikkantatāya na mānusīti <span class="bld">amānusī</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Suññāgāra</span>nti <a name="M2.0431"></a> yaṃ kiñci vivittaṃ senāsanaṃ, vipassanaṃ eva vā. Sāpi hi niccabhāvādisuññatāya, yogino sukhasannissayatāya ca ‘‘suññāgāra’’nti vattabbataṃ labhati. Cittassa anupassanakarānaṃ kilesānaṃ vigamena <span class="bld">santacittassa</span>. Saṃsāre bhayassa ikkhanena <span class="bld">bhikkhuno. Sammā</span> ñāyena rūpārūpadhammānaṃ udayabbayānupassanādivasena <span class="bld">vipassato</span>. Sammasato anāraddhavipassanānaṃ manussānaṃ avisayatāya <span class="bld">amānusī</span>. Vipassanāpītisukhasaññitā <span class="bld">rati hotī</span>ti ayamettha gāthāya saṅkhepattho. Dutiyagāthā pana udayabbayañāṇameva sandhāya vuttā. Tattha <span class="bld">yato yato</span>ti rūpato vā arūpato vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vipassanāsukha</span>nti <a name="V2.0405"></a> vipassanācittasampayuttaṃ cetasikasukhaṃ. Yasmā taṃsamuṭṭhitehi atipaṇītarūpehi sabbo kāyo pariphuṭo, paribrūhito ca hoti. Tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sakalasarīraṃ abhisandayamāna’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Adhimokkhoti saddhā,</span> na yevāpanakādhimokkhoti adhippāyo. Sā cettha na kammaphalaṃ, ratanattayaṃ vā saddahanavasena pavattā, atha kho kilesakālussiyāpagamena sampayuttānaṃ ativiya pasannabhāvahetubhūtā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vipassanāsampayuttā…pe… saddhā uppajjatī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Purimuppannabhāvanābalasaṃsiddhaṃ samappavattaṃ vīriyaṃ sampayuttadhammānaṃ saṃkilesapakkhato kosajjato paggaṇhanato <span class="bld">paggaho</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘paggahoti vīriya’’</span>ntiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Supaṭṭhitā</span>ti sabhāvasallakkhaṇena ārammaṇe suṭṭhu upaṭṭhitā. <span class="bld">Supatiṭṭhitā</span>ti paṭipakkhavigamena tena acalanīyatāya suṭṭhu patiṭṭhitā. Tato eva nikhātā viya <span class="bld">acalā</span>. Acalabhāveneva <span class="bld">pabbatarājasadisā</span>ti tīhipi padehi supatiṭṭhitameva dasseti. <span class="bld">So</span>ti yogāvacaro. <span class="bld">Yaṃ yaṃ ṭhāna</span>nti yaṃ yaṃ attano upatiṭṭhānaṭṭhānaṃ rūpaṃ vā arūpaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Okkhanditvā</span>ti anupavisitvā. <span class="bld">Pakkhinditvā</span>ti tasseva vevacanaṃ. Dibbacakkhuno paribhaṇḍabhūtassa yathākammūpagañāṇassa upaṭṭhahante paralokasaññite satte sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘dibbacakkhuno paraloko viyā’’</span>ti na dibbacakkhuno paralokavisayattā. Vaṇṇāyatanavisayañhi tanti. <span class="bld">Assa</span> sati <span class="bld">upaṭṭhāti</span> khāyati, upatiṭṭhatīti vā attho. Yadaggena hi sati ārammaṇaṃ okkhanditvā <a name="M2.0432"></a> upatiṭṭhati, tadaggena ārammaṇampissa okkhanditvā upatiṭṭhatīti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vicinitavisayattā saṅkhārānaṃ vicinane majjhattabhāvena ṭhitā <span class="bld">vipassanupekkhā</span>. Sā pana atthato tathāpavattā tatramajjhattupekkhāva. Manodvārāvajjanacittasampayuttā cetanā āvajjane ajjhupekkhanavasena pavattiyā <span class="bld">‘‘āvajjanupekkhā’’</span>ti vuttā. Udayabbayānaṃ suṭṭhutaraṃ upaṭṭhānato tadanupassanāyaṃ majjhattabhūtā idha <span class="bld">vipassanupekkhā</span> nāma. Te pana udayabbayā sabbasaṅkhārānanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbasaṅkhāresu majjhattabhūtā’’</span>ti. Āvajjanāya indavajiratattanārācasadisatā, sūratikkhabhāvo ca sabbaññutaññāṇapurecarā viya tadanucarañāṇassa tathābhāvena daṭṭhabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vipassanānikantī</span>ti <a name="V2.0406"></a> vipassanāya nikāmanā apekkhā. Obhāsādayo vipassanāya vijambhanabhūtā tassā alaṅkāro viya hontīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘obhāsādipaṭimaṇḍitāyā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ālaya</span>nti apekkhaṃ. <span class="bld">Sukhumā, santākārā</span>ti sukhumākārā, santākārā ca, sā cassā sukhumasantākāratā bhāvanāya sātisayappavattiyā, yato kilesabhāvopissā duviññeyyo hoti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yā nikanti kilesoti…pe… hotī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Etesupī</span>ti yathādassitesu ñāṇādīsupi. <span class="bld">‘‘Aññatarasmiṃ uppanne’’</span>ti idaṃ uppanne aññatarasmiṃ ‘‘maggappattomhī’’tiādiggahaṇadassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ, na aññataraññatarasseva uppajjanato. Na vāpi hi upakkilesā ekakkhaṇepi uppajjanti, paccavekkhaṇā pana visuṃ visuṃ hoti. <span class="bld">‘‘Na vata me ito pubbe evarūpā nikanti uppannapubbā’’</span>ti idaṃ dhammasabhāvadassanavasena vuttaṃ, na pana tadā yogino tathācittappavattivasena. Na hi so tadā taṃ ‘‘nikantī’’ti jānāti, tathā sati tabbisayassa ‘‘maggappattomhī’’tiādiggahaṇassa asambhavo eva. Tasmā evamassa siyā ‘‘na vata me evarūpā bhāvanābhirati uppannapubbā, addhā maggappattomhī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para735"></a><span class="paranum">735</span>. <span class="bld">Upakkilesavatthutāyā</span>ti nippariyāyato diṭṭhimānataṇhā idha upakkilesā tesaṃ vatthutāya uppattiṭṭhānatāya. Na sabhāvatoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘na akusalattā’’</span>ti. Yathā pana obhāsādayo, evaṃ nikantipi diṭṭhigāhādīnaṃ <a name="M2.0433"></a> ṭhānaṃ hotīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘upakkilesavatthu cā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Vatthuvasenevā</span>ti gāhe anāmasitvā gāhānaṃ vatthutāvaseneva. Attavādī hi ‘‘ahaṃbuddhinibandhano’’ti parikappito attā obhāsassa sāmibhūto ‘‘mamā’’ti sāmivacanassa visayabhāvena gahitoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘mama obhāso uppannoti gaṇhato hi diṭṭhigāho’’</span>ti. Obhāsassa manāpaggahaṇamukhena tena attānaṃ seyyādito dahatīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘manāpo vata obhāso uppannoti gaṇhato mānagāho’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Assādayato</span>ti sampiyāyato. <span class="bld">Tesa</span>nti diṭṭhigāhādisaññitānaṃ upakkilesānaṃ vasena. <span class="bld">Obhāsādīsū</span>ti obhāsādinimittaṃ. Kampanaṃ yathāraddhavipassanāya aṭṭhatvā vikkhepāpatti, sā ca obhāsādīsu taṇhādigāhoti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘obhāsādīsu kampati…pe… samanupassatī’’</span>ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Obhāsanimittaṃ cittaṃ vikampatīti sambandho. Obhāse vā visayabhūte upakkilesehi cittaṃ <a name="V2.0407"></a> vikampatīti yojanā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yehi cittaṃ pavedhatī’’</span>ti. Sesesupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Upaṭṭhāne</span>ti satiyaṃ. <span class="bld">Upekkhāya cā</span>ti vipassanupekkhāya ca.</p>
<p class="subhead">Maggāmaggavavatthānakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para736"></a><span class="paranum">736</span>. <span class="bld">Kusalo panā</span>tiādīsu kammaṭṭhānakosallayogena <span class="bld">kusalo</span>. Paripakkañāṇatāya <span class="bld">paṇḍito</span>. Āgamabyattiyā <span class="bld">byatto</span>. Upakkilesatabbisodhanesu ādīnavānisaṃsāvabodhayogato <span class="bld">buddhisampanno. Ayaṃ kho so</span>ti yo so ācariyena kammaṭṭhānadānakāle udayabbayañāṇuppattisamaye uppajjatīti vutto, ayaṃ kho so obhāso uppannoti upakkilesavatthubhāvavavatthānaṃ dassetvā idānissa vipassanāya visayabhāvūpanayanavidhiṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘so kho panā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha paṭhamanaye aniccalakkhaṇavibhāvanameva dassitaṃ, tasmiṃ siddhe itarampi lakkhaṇadvayaṃ siddhameva hoti. Dutiyanaye pana obhāsādike nissāya uppajjanakadiṭṭhigāhādīnaṃ ugghāṭanasamugghāṭanapariyādānavasena manasikāravidhiṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sace obhāso attā bhaveyyā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Arūpasattake ‘‘sace saṅkhārā attā bhaveyyu’’ntiādi <a name="M2.0434"></a> (visuddhi. 2.721) sabbasaṅkhārasaṅgaṇhanavasena sāmaññato vuttaṃ, idha obhāsādivasena saṅkhāre vibhajja vuttaṃ. Seso manasikāravidhi tattha vuttanayovāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbaṃ arūpasattake vuttanayena vitthāretabba’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Obhāsaṃ ‘‘netaṃ mamā’’ti samanupassanto taṇhāgāhato cittaṃ visodheti, ‘‘nesohamasmī’’ti samanupassanto mānagāhato, ‘‘na meso attā’’ti samanupassanto diṭṭhigāhato. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘obhāsaṃ netaṃ mamā’’</span>tiādi. Esa nayo ñāṇādīsupi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Imāni dasa ṭhānānī</span>ti imāni yathāvuttāni obhāsādīni dasa upakkilesakāraṇāni. <span class="bld">Paññā yassa pariccitā</span>ti yassa yogino paññā obhāsādīsu aniccatādiggahaṇavasena paricitavatī pariggahetvā upaparikkhitvā ṭhitā. Dhammuddhaccassa samaggabhāvajānanena <span class="bld">dhammuddhaccakusalo hoti</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vīthipaṭipanna</span>nti udayabbayānupassanāvasena vipassanāvīthipaṭipannaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Diṭṭhivisuddhiya</span>nti <a name="V2.0408"></a> diṭṭhivisuddhiyaṃ adhigatāyaṃ, diṭṭhivisuddhiñāṇena vā diṭṭhiyā visodhane dukkhasaccassa vavatthānaṃ kataṃ hoti dukkhasaccapariyāpannassa nāmarūpassa vavatthānato. Nāmarūpassa paccayā nāmarūpasamudayapakkhiyāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kaṅkhā…pe… samudayasaccassa vavatthānaṃ kata’’</span>nti. Abhidhammanayena hi sabbakilesā, kammañca samudayasaccaṃ. <span class="bld">Imissa</span>nti imāyaṃ. <span class="bld">Sammā</span>ti aviparītaṃ. <span class="bld">Maggassā</span>ti ariyamaggassa upāyabhūtamaggassa.</p>
<p class="centered">Maggāmaggañāṇadassanavisuddhiniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti vīsatimaparicchedavaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="chapter">21. Paṭipadāñāṇadassanavisuddhiniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">Upakkilesavimuttaudayabbayañāṇakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para737"></a><span class="paranum">737</span>. Vipassanācārassa <a name="M2.0435"></a><a name="V2.0409"></a> matthakappattiyā saṅkhārupekkhāñāṇaṃ <span class="bld">sikhāppattā vipassanā</span>. Sikhāppatti panassa udayabbayañāṇādīnaṃ attaṭṭhamānaṃvasena jātāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘aṭṭhannaṃ pana ñāṇānaṃ vasena sikhāppattā vipassanā’’</span>ti. Oḷārikoḷārikassa saccapaṭicchādakamohatamassa vigamanena saccappaṭivedhānukūlattā <span class="bld">‘‘saccānulomikañāṇa’’</span>nti anulomañāṇamāha. Tāni pana ñāṇāni sarūpato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘aṭṭhannanti cā’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha udayabbayadassanena saṅkhārānaṃ aniccalakkhaṇaṃ, tadanusārena itaralakkhaṇāni ca vibhāventīyeva udayabbayānupassanā pavattatīti katvā <span class="bld">‘‘vīthipaṭipannavipassanāsaṅkhātaṃ udayabbayānupassanāñāṇa’’</span>nti vuttanti keci. Tayidaṃ tassa sabbaso tīraṇapariññābhāvameva maññamānehi vuttaṃ. Kiñcāpi hi udayabbayañāṇaṃ tīraṇapariññantogadhameva, udayabbayādīnaṃ pana jānanaṭṭhena, paccakkhato dassanaṭṭhena ca ñāṇadassanāni, udayabbayañāṇādīni. Tāniyeva paṭipakkhato visuddhattā ñāṇadassanavisuddhi, sā eva ariyamaggo paṭipajjati etāyāti paṭipadā cāti <span class="bld">paṭipadāñāṇadassanavisuddhī</span>ti vuttaṃ. Taṃ pana uppannamattaṃ appaguṇaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Paguṇañhi niccasaññādipahānasiddhiyā pahānapariññāya adhiṭṭhānabhūtaṃ. Yato tadavigamena aṭṭhārasasu mahāvipassanāsu ekaccā adhigatā eva honti. Na hi udayabbayānaṃ paccakkhato paṭivedhena vinā sāmaññākārānaṃ tīraṇamattena sātisayaṃ paṭipakkhapahānaṃ sambhavati. Asati ca paṭipakkhapahāne kuto ñāṇādīnaṃ vajiramiva avihatavegatā, tikhiṇavisadāditā vā. Tasmā paguṇabhāvappattaṃ udayabbayañāṇaṃ pahānapariññāpakkhiyameva daṭṭhabbaṃ. Sabbasaṅkhārānaṃ bhaṅgasseva anupassanā bhaṅgānupassanā, tadeva ñāṇaṃ <span class="bld">bhaṅgānupassanāñāṇaṃ</span>. Yathābhūtadassāvī bhāyati etasmāti bhayaṃ, tebhūmakadhammā, tesu bhayato upaṭṭhitesu bhāyitabbākāragāhiñāṇaṃ <span class="bld">bhayatupaṭṭhānañāṇaṃ</span>. Muñcituṃ icchatīti muñcitukamyaṃ, cittaṃ, puggalo vā, tassa bhāvo muñcitukamyatā<a name="V2.0410"></a>, tadeva ñāṇaṃ <span class="bld">muñcitukamyatāñāṇaṃ</span>. Puna <a name="M2.0436"></a> paṭisaṅkhānākārena pavattaṃ ñāṇaṃ <span class="bld">paṭisaṅkhānupassanāñāṇaṃ</span>. Nirapekkhatāya saṅkhārānaṃ upekkhanavasena pavattañāṇaṃ <span class="bld">saṅkhārupekkhāñāṇaṃ. Tasmā</span>ti yasmā upakkilesavimuttaṃ udayabbayañāṇādinavavidhañāṇaṃ paṭipadāñāṇadassanavisuddhi, tasmā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para738"></a><span class="paranum">738</span>. <span class="bld">‘‘Upakkilesavimutta’’</span>nti visesanena vibhāvitamatthaṃ anavabujjhanto codako <span class="bld">‘‘puna udayabbayañāṇe yogo kimatthiyo’’</span>ti pucchati. Tattha <span class="bld">kimatthiyo</span>ti kiṃ payojano niratthako, pageva nibbattitattā pakkassa pacanaṃ viyāti adhippāyo. Atha vā lakkhaṇasallakkhaṇādihetupaṭipāṭiggahaṇavasena tamatthaṃ ñāpetukāmo ācariyova kathetukamyatāvasena <span class="bld">‘‘kimatthiyo’’</span>ti pucchati. <span class="bld">Lakkhaṇasallakkhaṇattho</span>ti aniccādilakkhaṇānaṃ sammadeva upadhāraṇattho. Tattha kāraṇaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘udayabbayañāṇaṃ hī’’</span>tiādimāha. Nanu ca udayabbayañāṇaṃ nāma saṅkhārānaṃ udayabbayameva passati, na aniccādilakkhaṇattayaṃ, tena kathaṃ aniccatādilakkhaṇattayasallakkhaṇaṃ hotīti? Na kho panetaṃ evaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ ‘‘udayabbayañāṇaṃ lakkhaṇattayavisayaṃ hotī’’ti. Udayabbaye pana paṭividdhe aniccalakkhaṇaṃ pākaṭaṃ hutvā upaṭṭhāti. Tato ‘‘yadaniccaṃ, taṃ dukkhaṃ. Yaṃ dukkhaṃ, tadanattā’’ti (saṃ. ni. 3.15; 45, 77; 4.1, 4; paṭi. ma. 2.10) itaralakkhaṇampi. Atha vā udayabbayaggahaṇena hutvā abhāvākāro, abhiṇhasampaṭipīḷanākāro, avasavattanākāro ca vibhūtataro hotīti kāraṇabhāvena udayabbayañāṇe yogassa lakkhaṇattayasallakkhaṇatthatā veditabbā, na sammukheneva. <span class="bld">Heṭṭhā</span>ti maggāmaggañāṇadassanavisuddhito heṭṭhā. Tañhi obhāsādiuppattihetutāya tikkhaṃ visadaṃ hutvā pavattampi diṭṭhiādīhi upakkiliṭṭhattā kuṇṭhaṃ avisadameva jātaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘dasahi…pe… nāsakkhī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para739"></a><span class="paranum">739</span>. <span class="bld">Amanasikārā</span>ti hetumhi nissakkavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Kissa amanasikārā’’</span>ti hi idaṃ ‘‘kena paṭicchannattā’’ti pucchitassa paṭicchādakassa hetupucchā. Santatiyā hissa paṭicchannattā aniccalakkhaṇaṃ na upaṭṭhāti, sā ca santati udayabbayāmanasikārena paṭicchādikā jātā. Iriyāpathehi paṭicchannattā dukkhalakkhaṇaṃ na upaṭṭhāti, te ca iriyāpathā abhiṇhasampaṭipīḷanāmanasikārena paṭicchādakā jātā. Ghanena paṭicchannattā anattalakkhaṇaṃ <a name="M2.0437"></a> na upaṭṭhāti, te ca ghanā nānādhātuvinibbhogāmanasikārena paṭicchādakā jātāti. Udayabbayaṃ passato <a name="V2.0411"></a> na udayāvatthā vayāvatthaṃ pāpuṇāti, vayāvatthā vā udayāvatthaṃ. Aññova udayakkhaṇo, aññova vayakkhaṇoti ekopi dhammo khaṇavasena bhedato upaṭṭhāti, pageva atītādikoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘udayabbayaṃ pana…pe… upaṭṭhātī’’</span>ti. Tattha <span class="bld">santatiyā vikopitāyā</span>ti pubbāpariyena pavattamānānaṃ dhammānaṃ aññoññabhāvasallakkhaṇena santatiyā ugghāṭitāya. Na hi sammadeva udayabbayaṃ sallakkhentassa dhammā sambandhabhāvena upaṭṭhahanti, atha kho ayosalākā viya asambandhabhāvenāti suṭṭhutaraṃ aniccalakkhaṇaṃ pākaṭaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Abhiṇhasampaṭipīḷanaṃ manasi katvā</span>ti yathāpariggahitaudayabbayavasena saṅkhārānaṃ nirantaraṃ paṭipīḷiyamānataṃ vibādhiyamānataṃ manasi karitvā. <span class="bld">Iriyāpathe ugghāṭite</span>ti iriyāpathe labbhamānadukkhapaṭicchādakabhāve ugghāṭite. Ekasmiñhi iriyāpathe uppannassa dukkhassa vinodakaṃ iriyāpathantaraṃ tassa paṭicchādakaṃ viya hoti, evaṃ sesāpīti iriyāpathānaṃ taṃtaṃdukkhapaṭicchādakabhāve yāthāvato ñāte tesaṃ dukkhapaṭicchādakabhāvo ugghāṭito nāma hoti saṅkhārānaṃ nirantaraṃ dukkhābhitunnatāya pākaṭabhāvato. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘dukkhalakkhaṇaṃ yāthāvasarasato upaṭṭhātī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Nānādhātuyo</span>ti nānāvidhā pathavīādidhātuyo nānāvidhe sabhāvadhamme. <span class="bld">Vinibbhujitvā</span>ti ‘‘aññā pathavīdhātu, aññā āpodhātū’’tiādinā, ‘‘añño phasso, aññā vedanā’’tiādinā ca visuṃ visuṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Ghanavinibbhoge kate</span>ti samūhaghane, kiccārammaṇaghane ca pabhedite. Yā hesā aññamaññūpatthaddhesu samuditesu rūpārūpadhammesu ekattābhinivesavasena aparimadditasaṅkhārehi gayhamānā <span class="bld">samūhaghanatā,</span> tathā tesaṃ tesaṃ dhammānaṃ kiccabhedassa satipi paṭiniyatabhāve ekato gayhamānā <span class="bld">kiccaghanatā,</span> tathā sārammaṇadhammānaṃ satipi ārammaṇakaraṇabhede ekato gayhamānā <span class="bld">ārammaṇaghanatā</span> ca, tā dhātūsu ñāṇena vinibbhujitvā dissamānā hatthena parimajjiyamāno pheṇapiṇḍo viya vilayaṃ gacchanti, ‘‘yathāpaccayaṃ pavattamānā suññā ete dhammā dhammamattā’’ti anattalakkhaṇaṃ pākaṭataraṃ hoti. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘nānādhātuyo…pe… upaṭṭhātī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para740"></a><span class="paranum">740</span>. Dhuvabhāvapaṭikkhepato <a name="M2.0438"></a> na niccanti <span class="bld">aniccaṃ,</span> khandhapañcakaṃ. Yathāha ‘‘rūpaṃ kho, rādha, aniccaṃ, vedanā… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ anicca’’nti (saṃ. ni. 3.172). Tattha kāraṇaṃ vadanto <span class="bld">‘‘uppādavayaññathattabhāvā’’</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Uppādo</span> nibbattilakkhaṇaṃ, <span class="bld">vayo</span> vipariṇāmalakkhaṇaṃ, <span class="bld">aññathattaṃ</span> jarā, tesaṃ sabbhāvatoti attho. <span class="bld">Hutvā abhāvato</span>ti <a name="V2.0412"></a> uppajjitvā vinassanato. Ettha ca purimena jātijarāmaraṇasabbhāvato <span class="bld">anicca</span>nti dasseti, dutiyena pākabhāvaviddhaṃsābhāvato. Yassa bhāvena khandhapañcakaṃ ‘‘anicca’’nti vuccati, taṃ aniccalakkhaṇanti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘uppādavayaññathatta’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Tena hi taṃ ‘‘anicca’’nti lakkhīyati. <span class="bld">Ākāravikāro</span>ti ākāravikati. Abhāvākāro hi vikatirūpena labbhati, virūpattā na uppādākāro. <span class="bld">Ākāravikāro</span>ti vā ākāraviseso. Hutvā abhāvo hi pākabhāvato bhinno viddhaṃsābhāvattā tattha ca aniccalakkhaṇaṃ niruḷhaṃ. Aniccākāro hi dukkhānattākārehi viya uppādākārato ca visiṭṭho. Tathā hi saddassa viddhaṃsābhāvo saṅkhatabhāvenapi sādhīyati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saṅkhatabhāvo</span> ca atthato uppādavantatā. <span class="bld">Uppādo</span> ca pākabhāvasādhitā dharamānāvatthā. Iminā nayena dukkhānattālakkhaṇāni veditabbāni. Apica yathā niccapaṭikkhepato aniccanti niccākārapaṭikkhepato yathāvutto abhāvākārasaṅkhāto aniccākāro <span class="bld">aniccalakkhaṇaṃ,</span> evaṃ sukhapaṭikkhepato dukkhanti sukhākārapaṭikkhepato abhiṇhapaṭipīḷanākārasaṅkhāto dukkhākāro <span class="bld">dukkhalakkhaṇaṃ,</span> tathā attapaṭikkhepato anattāti attākārapaṭikkhepato avasavattanākārasaṅkhāto anattākāro <span class="bld">anattalakkhaṇa</span>nti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Te yime tayopi ākārā asabhāvadhammattā khandhapariyāpannā na honti. Khandhehi vinā anupalabbhanīyato khandhavinimuttāpi na honti. Khandhe pana upādāya vohāravasena labbhamānā tadādīnavavibhāvanāya visesakāraṇabhūtā tajjāpaññattivisesāti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tayidaṃ sabbampī</span>ti yathāvuttalakkhaṇattayañceva lakkhitabbañca khandhapañcakaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Udayabbayānupassanāñāṇena yāthāvasarasato sallakkhetī’’</span>ti idaṃ tadatthe tabbohāravasena vuttaṃ. Udayabbayañāṇatthañhi lakkhaṇārammaṇikavipassanā ‘‘udayabbayañāṇa’’nti kathitā. Na hi udayabbayañāṇaṃ dukkhalakkhaṇādivisayaṃ<a name="M2.0439"></a>. Tabbisayatte vā udayabbayañāṇameva na siyā, udayabbayañāṇaṃ pana tikkhaṃ, visadañca kātukāmena lakkhaṇattayatīraṇameva kātabbaṃ. Parikammasadisañhetaṃ tassa. Esa nayo sesañāṇesupīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Upakkilesavimuttaudayabbayañāṇaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Bhaṅgānupassanāñāṇakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para741"></a><span class="paranum">741</span>. <span class="bld">Vahatī</span>ti <a name="V2.0413"></a> pavattati. Ñāṇassa tikkhabhāvo bhāvanāya paguṇabhāvena. Paguṇā ca bhāvanā vikkhepābhāvato ārammaṇe appitā viya pavattatīti ñāṇassa tikkhabhāvena saṅkhārānaṃ lahuupaṭṭhānatā dassitā. <span class="bld">Saṅkhāresu</span> pana udayabbayavasena <span class="bld">lahuṃ lahuṃ upaṭṭhahantesu</span> udayadassanañca ‘‘uppādavato vināso’’ti yāvadeva vayadassanatthaṃ tassa nibbidāvahattāti vaye evassa ābhogasamannāhāro manasikāro pavattati, tena uppādādiṃ muñcitvā vayamevārabbha ñāṇaṃ uppajjati. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘uppādaṃ vā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">uppāda</span>nti nibbattivikāraṃ. <span class="bld">Ṭhiti</span>nti ṭhitippattaṃ, jaranti attho. <span class="bld">Pavatta</span>nti upādinnakappavattaṃ. <span class="bld">Nimitta</span>nti saṅkhāranimittaṃ. Yaṃ saṅkhārānaṃ samudayādighanavasena, sakiccaparicchedatāya ca saviggahānaṃ viya upaṭṭhānaṃ, taṃ saṅkhāranimittaṃ. Keci pana <span class="bld">‘‘pavattaṃ</span> nāma saṅkhārānaṃ avicchedena pavattanaṃ uppādova, <span class="bld">nimittaṃ</span> nāma uppannānaṃ vijjamānatā ṭhānaparamparā, tasmā uppādameva gaṇhāti ce, pavattaṃ gaṇhāti nāma. Ṭhitiṃyeva gaṇhāti ce, nimittaṃ gaṇhāti nāmā’’ti vadanti, taṃ <span class="bld">‘‘uppādaṃ vā’’</span>tiādivacanena virujjhati. Na hi asati bhede vikappo yutto. <span class="bld">Na sampāpuṇāti</span> aggahaṇato. Kiṃ pana sampāpuṇātīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘khaya…pe… santiṭṭhatī’’</span>ti. Tattha <span class="bld">nirodha</span>saddo anuppādepi dissatīti bhedasaddena visesitaṃ, <span class="bld">bheda</span>saddo visesavācakopi hotīti vayasaddena visesitaṃ, sopi anirodhavācakopi atthīti khayasaddena visesitaṃ, khayavayabhedasaṅkhāte khaṇikanirodheti attho. <span class="bld">Sati santiṭṭhatī</span>ti satisīsena ñāṇamāha. <span class="bld">Etasmiṃ ṭhāne</span>ti upakkilesavinimuttassa udayabbayañāṇassa tikkhabhāvāpattiyaṃ vuttanayena udayampi muñcitvā vayasseva manasikārakāle.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ārammaṇapaṭisaṅkhā</span>ti rūpavedanādiārammaṇaṃ khayavayavaseneva paṭisaṅkhāya. Yakāralopena hi niddeso ‘‘sayaṃ abhiññā’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 1.28, 405) viya. Yathāvuttassa <a name="M2.0440"></a> vā ārammaṇassa khayavayabhedavasena paṭisaṅkhā <span class="bld">ārammaṇapaṭisaṅkhā. Bhaṅgānupassane</span>ti yo tadārammaṇassa cittassa bhaṅgo, tassa anupassane. <span class="bld">Paññā</span>ti pakārato jānanā. Yaṃ panettha vattabbaṃ, taṃ idāneva saṃvaṇṇīyati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para742"></a><span class="paranum">742</span>. <span class="bld">Yaṃ kiñci ārammaṇa</span>nti rūpaṃ yāva jarāmaraṇanti vipassitabbabhāvena gahitaṃ sabbaṃ saṅkhāragatamāha<a name="V2.0414"></a>. Paṭisaṅkhānaṃ nāma jānanaṃ, tañca bhaṅgānupassanāya adhippetattā bhaṅgato dassanamevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘jānitvā khayato vayato disvāti attho’’</span>ti. Tassa ñāṇassāti sambandho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Rūpārammaṇameva <span class="bld">rūpārammaṇatā</span> yathā ‘‘devo eva devatā’’ti imamatthaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘rūpārammaṇaṃ citta’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Rūpārammaṇatā</span>ti vā bhummatthe paccattavacananti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘atha vā rūpārammaṇabhāve’’</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Aparena cittena bhaṅgaṃ anupassatī</span>ti vipassanāvisayaṃ bhaṅgānupassanamāha. Evañhi bhaṅgānupassanā paguṇā hoti, ārammaṇañcassa vibhūtataraṃ hutvā upaṭṭhāti. <span class="bld">Ñāta</span>nti ārammaṇamāha anupassanāvasena ñātattā. <span class="bld">Ñāṇa</span>nti anupassanāñāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Ubhopi vipassatī</span>ti tadubhayampi khayato vayato vipassatīti. Ayaṃ hettha saṅkhepattho – rūpassa yāva jarāmaraṇassa khayato vayato dassanaṃ ārammaṇapaṭisaṅkhātaṃ, dassanakañāṇassa khayato vayato dassanaṃ ārammaṇapaṭisaṅkhāya bhaṅgassa anupassananti ubhayattha paññā. Purimaṃ vā tadabhāve abhāvato pacchimāyaṃ pakkhipitvā pacchimā eva paññā vipassane ñāṇanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti ‘‘tassa cittassa…pe… bhaṅgaṃ anupassatī’’ti ettha. <span class="bld">Anekehi ākārehī</span>ti aniccato anupassanādīhi anekehi ākārehi. <span class="bld">Anu</span>-saddo ‘‘bhiyyo’’ti etasmiṃ attheti āha <span class="bld">‘‘punappunaṃ passatī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idha saṅkhatadhammo nāma jātijarāmaraṇapakatiko, tassa jāti ādikoṭi, jarā majjhimakoṭi, maraṇaṃ osānakoṭi. Tattha kiñcāpi uppādāditividhampi saṅkhatalakkhaṇatāya aniccalakkhaṇaṃ, tathāpi jātijarāsu diṭṭhāsu na tathā aniccalakkhaṇaṃ pākaṭaṃ hutvā upaṭṭhāti yathā vayakkhaṇeti āha <span class="bld">‘‘bhaṅgo nāma aniccatāya paramā koṭī’’</span>ti, uttamā koṭi <a name="M2.0441"></a> pariyosānakoṭīti attho. Yathā hi jarādhammaṃ, maraṇadhammameva ca jāyatīti <span class="bld">jāti</span> aniccatāya ādi koṭi, tathā jātidhammaṃ, maraṇadhammameva ca jīratīti <span class="bld">jarā</span> majjhimā koṭi, jātidhammaṃ, jarādhammameva ca bhijjatīti <span class="bld">bhaṅgo</span> paramā koṭīti. <span class="bld">Aniccato anupassatī</span>ti na kalāpato sammasanto viya ‘‘aniccaṃ khayaṭṭhenā’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.48) anumānavasena, nāpi āraddhavipassako viya udayaggahaṇapubbakavayadassanavasena, atha kho udayabbayañāṇānubhāvena paccakkhato upaṭṭhitesu udayavayesu vuttanayena udayaṃ muñcitvā bhaṅgadassanavaseneva aniccato anupassati, evaṃ anupassato panassa niccagāhassa lesopi natthīti <a name="V2.0415"></a> āha <span class="bld">‘‘no niccato’’</span>ti. Tathā hesa niccasaññaṃ pajahatīti vuccati. Ettha ca ‘‘aniccato eva anupassatī’’ti eva-kāro luttaniddiṭṭhoti tena nivattitamatthaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘no niccato’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Na cettha dukkhato anupassanādinivattanamāsaṅkitabbaṃ paṭiyogīnivattanaparattā, eva-kārassa upari desanāruḷhattā ca tāsaṃ. <span class="bld">Dukkhato anupassatī</span>tiādīsupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aniccato tāva anupassanā bhaṅgānupassakassa yuttā ‘‘bhaṅgo nāma aniccatāya paramā koṭī’’ti, dukkhādito pana kathanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘aniccassa dukkhattā’’</span>tiādi. Etena yaṃ aniccaṃ, taṃ ekantato dukkhaṃ anattā, tato ca na abhinandaniyādirūpaṃ. Tasmā upari nibbattetabbato ñāṇaparikammatthañca itarāsampi channaṃ anupassanānaṃ vasena anupassatīti dasseti. Keci panettha <span class="bld">‘‘aniccato anupassati, no niccato</span>tiādinā visuṃ dassanakiccaṃ natthi, bhaṅgadassaneneva sabbaṃ diṭṭhaṃ hotī’’ti vadanti, taṃ bhaṅgānupassanāya matthakappattiyaṃ yuttaṃ, tato pana pubbabhāge anekākāravokārā anupassanā icchitabbāva. Aññathā ‘‘aniccato anupassatī’’tiādikā (paṭi. ma. 1.51) pāḷi, ‘‘anekehi ākārehi punappunaṃ passatī’’ti āgatā tassā aṭṭhakathā ca virodhitā siyā. <span class="bld">Tadeva</span> aniccato diṭṭhameva sabbasaṅkhāragataṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na taṃ abhinanditabba</span>nti taṃ saṅkhāragataṃ taṇhādiṭṭhābhinandanavasena ‘‘etaṃ mama, eso me attā’’ti na abhinanditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Na tattha rañjitabba</span>nti tattha saṅkhāragate rañjanavasena na pavattitabbaṃ, kāmarāgo, bhavarāgo vā na pavattetabboti <a name="M2.0442"></a> attho. <span class="bld">Rāgaṃ nirodhetī</span>ti rāgaṃ vikkhambhananirodhaṃ pāpeti, vikkhambhetīti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘lokikeneva tāva ñāṇenā’’</span>ti. Sati ca vikkhambhane kathaṃ samudayoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘no samudeti, samudayaṃ na karotī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evaṃ viratto</span>ti evaṃ bhaṅgānupassanānusārena viratto. Yathā diṭṭhaṃ sampati upaṭṭhitaṃ saṅkhāragataṃ nirodheti nirodhaṃ manasi karoti, adiṭṭhampi atītānāgataṃ anvayañāṇavasena yathā idaṃ etarahi, evaṃ itarepīti anuminanto nirodheti manasikatassāpi nirodhaṃ karoti. <span class="bld">No samudetī</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo, no samudayaṃ manasi karotīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evaṃ paṭipanno</span>ti evaṃ vuttappakārena aniccānupassanādivasena paṭipanno. <span class="bld">Saddhiṃ khandhābhisaṅkhārehi</span> <a name="V2.0416"></a> <span class="bld">kilesānaṃ pariccajanato</span>ti khandhehi, abhisaṅkhārehi ca saha kilesānaṃ pajahanato. Kilese hi pajahanto tannimittakakammaṃ, tato nibbattanake khandhe ca pajahati nāma. <span class="bld">Saṅkhatadosadassanenā</span>ti saṅkhatadhammesu aniccadukkhatādiādīnavadassanena. <span class="bld">Tabbiparīte</span>ti niccasukhādisabhāve. <span class="bld">Tanninnatāyā</span>ti tadadhimuttatāya. <span class="bld">Paṭinissagga</span>saddo pariccāgattho, pakkhandanattho cāti paṭinissaggassa duvidhatā vuttā. Tattha <span class="bld">pakkhandanaṃ</span> adhimuccanaṃ. <span class="bld">Yathāvuttenā</span>ti tadaṅgādippahānappakārena, tanninnappakārena ca. <span class="bld">Nibbattanavasenā</span>ti uppādanavasena. Nibbattento hi kilese ādiyatīti te anibbattento kilese na ādiyati nāma. <span class="bld">Adosadassitāvasenā</span>ti dosānaṃ adassāvibhāvena. Saṅkhatārammaṇaṃ ādiyatīti yojanā. Anādīnavadassitāya hi saṅkhāre ādiyatīti ādīnavadassitāya te na ādiyati na gaṇhāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para743"></a><span class="paranum">743</span>. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti yogino. <span class="bld">Tehi ñāṇehī</span>ti aniccānupassanādiñāṇehi. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti pahānaṃ. <span class="bld">Niccasañña</span>nti niccagāhaṃ, saññāsīsena niddeso. <span class="bld">Sukhasaññaṃ attasañña</span>nti etthāpi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Sappītikaṃ taṇha</span>nti sauppilāvitaṃ abhipatthanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para744"></a><span class="paranum">744</span>. <span class="bld">‘‘Vatthusaṅkamanā’’</span>ti ettha vipassanāya pavattiṭṭhānabhāvato rūpādiārammaṇaṃ ‘‘vatthū’’ti adhippetanti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘rūpassā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">saṅkamanā</span>ti vipassanābhāvasāmaññato ekattanayena vuttaṃ<a name="M2.0443"></a>, aññathā aññadeva rūpabhaṅgavisayaṃ ñāṇaṃ, aññadeva tadārammaṇacittabhaṅgavisayanti kuto saṅkamanā. Paññāvivaṭṭanāyapi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Paññāyā</span>ti udayabbayadassanavasena pavattamānāya vipassanāpaññāya. Vayasseva gahaṇavasena udayato vinivaṭṭanā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘udayaṃ pahāya vaye santiṭṭhanā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">‘‘Anantarameva āvajjanasamatthatā’’</span>ti iminā bhaṅgānupassanāya paguṇabalavabhāvamāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para745"></a><span class="paranum">745</span>. <span class="bld">Ubho</span>ti diṭṭhādiṭṭhabhāvena dvepi ārammaṇāni. <span class="bld">Ekavavatthanā</span>ti khaṇabhaṅguratāya samānāti vavatthāpanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saṃvijjamānamhī</span>ti paccakkhato upalabbhamāne paccuppanne. <span class="bld">Visuddhadassano</span>ti bhaṅgadassanassa paribandhavidhamanena visuddhañāṇo, suvisuddhabhaṅgadassanoti attho. <span class="bld">Tadanvayaṃ netī</span>ti tassa paccuppannasaṅkhārabhaṅgadassino ñāṇassa anvayaṃ anugatabhūtaṃ ñāṇaṃ pavatteti. Kattha pana pavattetīti <a name="V2.0417"></a> āha <span class="bld">‘‘atītanāgate’’</span>ti, atīte, anāgate ca saṅkhāragate. <span class="bld">Sabbepī</span>tiādi tassa pavattanākāradassanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhaṅgasaṅkhāte nirodhe,</span> na nibbānasaṅkhāteti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Esā</span>ti yā ārammaṇanvayena ubho diṭṭhādiṭṭhe khaṇabhaṅguratāya ekabhāvena vavatthāpanā, esā vayalakkhaṇe vipariṇāmalakkhaṇe <span class="bld">vipassanā</span> bhaṅgānupassanāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para746"></a><span class="paranum">746</span>. <span class="bld">Ārammaṇañca paṭisaṅkhā</span>tiādi bhaṅgānupassanāya duppaṭivijjhattā vuttassevatthassa daḷhīkaraṇaṃ. Tayidaṃ bhaṅgadassanaṃ saṅkhārānaṃ avasavattanāvabodhanena anattalakkhaṇapaṭivedhāyāti taṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘suññato ca upaṭṭhāna’’</span>nti āha. Ārammaṇassa hi bhaṅgārammaṇacittassa ca bhaṅgamanupassato visesato saṅkhārā suññā hutvā upaṭṭhahanti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tasseva’’</span>ntiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na catthi añño</span>ti ettha imasmiṃ loke añño khandhavinimutto attā nāma koci natthi. <span class="bld">Tesaṃ khayaṃ passatī</span>ti tesaṃ dhammānaṃ khaṇe khaṇe upaṭṭhahantaṃ bhaṅgaṃ passati. Yathāvuttāya appamādapaṭipattiyā <span class="bld">appamatto</span>. Yathā kiṃ? <span class="bld">Maṇiṃva vijjhaṃ vajirena yoniso</span> yathā nāma kusalo puriso upāyena maṇiṃ vijjhanto maṇissa chiddameva passati manasi karoti<a name="M2.0444"></a>, na maṇissa vaṇṇādiṃ, evameva saṅkhārānaṃ nirantaraṃ bhaṅgameva yoniso manasi karoti, na saṅkhāreti adhippāyo. Yathā vā vajirena maṇiṃ vijjhantassa viddhaṭṭhānaṃ na puna ruhati, evaṃ vajirasadisena bhaṅgānupassanāñāṇena bhaṅge diṭṭhe na puna niccagāho ruhati, evaṃ bhaṅgameva passatīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yā ca ārammaṇapaṭisaṅkhā</span>ti ‘‘rūpārammaṇatā cittaṃ uppajjitvā bhijjati, taṃ ārammaṇaṃ paṭisaṅkhā’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.51) evamāgatā yā ca ārammaṇapaṭisaṅkhā, ‘‘tassa cittassa bhaṅgaṃ anupassatī’’ti evaṃ vuttā <span class="bld">yā ca bhaṅgānupassanā,</span> ‘‘saṅkhārāva bhijjanti, tesaṃ bhedo maraṇaṃ, na añño koci atthī’’ti evaṃ vuttaṃ <span class="bld">yañca suññato upaṭṭhānaṃ,</span> ayaṃ evaṃ tidhā vuttāpi <span class="bld">adhipaññāvipassanā nāmā</span>ti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para747"></a><span class="paranum">747</span>. <span class="bld">Aniccānupassanādīsū</span>ti aniccadukkhānattānupassanāsu. <span class="bld">Nibbidādīsū</span>ti nibbidāvirāganirodhapaṭinissaggānupassanāsu<a name="V2.0418"></a>. <span class="bld">Tayo upaṭṭhāne</span>ti aniccādivasena tividhe upaṭṭhāne. Khayato vayato upaṭṭhānañhi aniccato upaṭṭhānaṃ, bhayato upaṭṭhānaṃ dukkhato, suññato upaṭṭhānaṃ anattatoti. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhīsū</span>ti diṭṭhinimittaṃ <span class="bld">na vedhati</span>. Tā hi asaṃhīratāya na calati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para748"></a><span class="paranum">748</span>. <span class="bld">Dubbalabhājanassa viyā</span>ti tintaāmamattikābhājanassa viya bhedameva passatīti sambandho. Ettha ca <span class="bld">dubbalabhājanūpamā</span> sarasabhiduratādassanatthaṃ, <span class="bld">vippakiriyamānasukhumarajūpamā</span> aññamaññaṃ asambandhatādassanatthaṃ, <span class="bld">bhijjiyamānatilūpamā</span> khaṇe khaṇe bhijjanakabhāvadassanatthanti daṭṭhabbā. <span class="bld">Bhedamevā</span>ti vināsameva <span class="bld">passati</span> uppādādīnaṃ aggahaṇato. <span class="bld">Evamevā</span>ti yathā udakabubbuḷakāni udakatalādipaccayaṃ paṭicca uppannāni na ciraṭṭhitikāni sīghaṃ sīghaṃ bhijjanti, evameva sabbe rūpārūpadhammā kammādipaccayaṃ paṭicca uppannā khaṇaṭṭhitikā sīghaṃ sīghaṃ bhijjantīti bhedameva passati. Turitaturitañhi nesaṃ bhedadassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘bhijjanti bhijjantī’’</span>ti āmeḍitavacanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Marīcipi ittarakālikāva, nissayapabandhavasena pana ciratarupaṭṭhānanti <span class="bld">‘‘yathā passe marīcika’’</span>nti vuttaṃ, na ayāthāvupaṭṭhānatova. <span class="bld">Loka</span>nti khandhalokaṃ. <span class="bld">Maccurājā na passati</span> arahattādhigamena punabbhavābhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para749"></a><span class="paranum">749</span>. <span class="bld">Bhavadiṭṭhippahāna</span>nti <a name="M2.0445"></a> sassatadiṭṭhiyā vikkhambhanaṃ. Na hi nirantaraṃ bhaṅgameva passato sassatadiṭṭhiyā avasaro atthi. Tato eva jīvite nirālayattā <span class="bld">jīvitanikantipariccāgo. Sadā</span>ti sabbakālaṃ rattindivaṃ. Bhāvanāya <span class="bld">yuttappayuttatā</span>. Icchācārānaṃ dūrībhāvato <span class="bld">visuddhājīvitā. Ussukkappahānaṃ</span> kiccākiccesu abyāvaṭatā tibbasaṃvegattā. <span class="bld">Vigatabhayatā</span> kutocipi nibbhayatā attasinehābhāvato. <span class="bld">Khantisoraccapaṭilābho</span> aniccatāya sudiṭṭhattā. Pantasenāsanesu adhikusalesu ca aratiyā, kāmaguṇesu ratiyā ca sahanato abhibhavanato <span class="bld">aratiratisahanatā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Imāni aṭṭhagguṇamuttamānī</span>ti liṅgavipallāsena vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ma</span>-kāro ca padasandhikaro, bhavadiṭṭhippahānādike ime aṭṭha uttamānisaṃseti attho. <span class="bld">Tahi</span>nti tattha bhaṅgānupassanāyanti attho.</p>
<p class="centered">Bhaṅgānupassanāñāṇaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Bhayatupaṭṭhānañāṇakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para750"></a><span class="paranum">750</span>. <span class="bld">Sabbasaṅkhārāna</span>nti <a name="V2.0419"></a> tebhūmakānaṃ sabbasaṅkhārānaṃ. Adhikāravasena hi padesasabbavisayo idha <span class="bld">sabba</span>saddo. <span class="bld">Āsevantassā</span>ti ādaravasena sevantassa pavattentassa. <span class="bld">Bhāventassā</span>ti vaḍḍhentassa brūhentassa. <span class="bld">Bahulīkarontassā</span>ti punappunaṃ karontassa yuñjantassa. <span class="bld">Pabhedakā</span>ti khaṇe khaṇe bhijjanavasena pabhedakā. Ājīvikā byādhiādinimittaṃ maritukāmassa, amaritukāmassāpi sūrassa bhāyitabbampi na bhayato upaṭṭhātīti <span class="bld">‘‘sukhena jīvitukāmassa bhīrukapurisassā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Yathā bhīrukajātikassa sīhādayo santāsanimittaṃ bhayānakabhāvato, tathā yogino bhaṅgato dissamānā saṅkhārāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sīha…pe… upaṭṭhahantī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Paccuppannā</span>ti addhāpaccuppannā oḷārikā dīghatarapabandhā, khaṇapaccuppannā sukhumatarā ittarakālā, santatipaccuppannā majjhimā idha ādito pariggahetabbā. Bhayato bhāyitabbato upatiṭṭhanakesu ñāṇaṃ <span class="bld">bhayatupaṭṭhānañāṇaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā <a name="M2.0446"></a> itthiyā puttānaṃ sīsassa chinnatā chijjamānatā gayhamānā bhayāvahā, evaṃ yogino tiyaddhagatānaṃ saṅkhārānaṃ nirodhā gayhamānāti imamatthaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ekissā kira itthiyā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā pūtibhūtaṃ odanādi na sabhāvena tiṭṭhati vinassati, evaṃ yassā itthiyā vijātavijātā puttā na jīvanti maranti eva, sā <span class="bld">‘‘pūtipajā’’</span>ti vuttā. Pūtipajāggahaṇañcettha visesato gabbhagatamaraṇacintādassanena yogino anāgatasaṅkhāranirodhasanniṭṭhānadassanatthaṃ. Atītapaccuppannasaṅkhāranirodho hissa supākaṭo evāti na so upamāya sādhetabbo. Antimabhavikassa ca yogino sattakkhattuṃ paramādibhāvino atīte dukkhabahutāya, anāgatadukkhaparittatāya ca dassanatthaṃ bahupajāva itthī nidassitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha yathā tassā nava puttā matā, evaṃ ajjhattādippabhedā atītā saṅkhārā, vusitapubbā vā nava sattāvāsā daṭṭhabbā, mīyamānaputto viya paccuppannā saṅkhārā, pavattamāno vā sattāvāso daṭṭhabbo. Ajātaputto viya anāgatā saṅkhārā, bhāvī vā sattāvāso daṭṭhabbo. Evamavaṭṭhite yadeke dasaputtamātaraṃ aggahetvā navaputtamātuggahaṇaṃ sātthakanti vadanti, tadapāhataṃ hoti<a name="V2.0420"></a>. Dārakānaṃ maraṇassa cirakālikattā <span class="bld">maraṇānussaraṇa</span>nti vuttaṃ. Gabbhagato appaccakkhatāya bhāvīpakkheyeva tiṭṭhatīti adhippāyena kucchigato anāgatasaṅkhāraṭṭhāniyo vutto. <span class="bld">Etasmiṃ khaṇe</span>ti bhaṅgadassanamukhena saṅkhārānaṃ bhayānakabhāvena upaṭṭhānakkhaṇe.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para751"></a><span class="paranum">751</span>. <span class="bld">Na bhāyati</span> ñāṇassa bhāyanākārena appavattanato. Paṭighacittuppādavasena hi bhāyanaṃ, ñāṇaṃ pana bhāyitabbavatthuṃ bhāyitabbanti yāthāvato jānāti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘atītā…pe… tīraṇamattamevā’’</span>ti, tisso aṅgārakāsuyo atitāpena tikkhamajjhamudubhedāti adhippāyo. Kāmabhavādīnañhi tiṇṇaṃ bhavānaṃ nidassanabhāvena tāsaṃ gahaṇaṃ, tathā khadirādisūlattayassa appaṇītādibhāvato. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kevalaṃ hī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti ñāṇassa. <span class="bld">Byasanāpannā</span>ti nānāvidhavipulānatthapatitā. <span class="bld">Bhayato</span>ti bhāyitabbato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saṅkhāranimitta</span>nti <a name="M2.0447"></a> ‘‘saṅkhārānaṃ samūhādighanavasena, sakiccaparicchedatāya ca saviggahānaṃ viya upaṭṭhāna’’nti vuttovāyamattho. Saṅkhārānaṃ pana tathā upaṭṭhānaṃ saṅkhāravinimuttaṃ na hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘atītā…pe… adhivacana’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Maraṇamevā</span>ti bhaṅgameva. <span class="bld">Tenā</span>ti bhaṅgadassanena. Khaṇe khaṇe bhaṅgameva passato hi nimittasaññitaṃ saṅkhāragataṃ aniccatāya vuttanayena sappaṭibhayaṃ hutvā upaṭṭhāti. Pavattaṃ nāma kāmaṃ sabbā bhavapavatti, matthakappattāya pana bhaṅgānupassanāya sabbabhavesu abhiṇhasampaṭipīḷanassa suṭṭhutaraṃ upaṭṭhānato santasukhābhimatāpi bhavā dukkhasabhāvatāya bhayato upaṭṭhahantīti dassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pavattanti rūpārūpabhavapavattī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ubhaya</span>nti nimittaṃ, pavattañca. Dvayampi hi taṃ attasuññameva hutvā upaṭṭhahatīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Bhayatupaṭṭhānañāṇaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Ādīnavānupassanāñāṇakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para752"></a><span class="paranum">752</span>. <span class="bld">Tāṇa</span>nti saṅkhārahetukā anattato rakkhaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Neva paññāyati</span> sabbabhavādīnaṃ sādīnavatāya ekasadisattā. <span class="bld">Leṇa</span>nti tassa pariharaṇatāṇāya upalīyanaṃ. <span class="bld">Gatī</span>ti tadatthaṃ gantabbaṭṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭisaraṇa</span>nti tasseva paṭisaraṇaṭṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Patthanā</span>ti āsīsanā na hoti. Etena ‘‘netaṃ <a name="V2.0421"></a> mamā’’ti taṇhāgāhābhāvamāha. <span class="bld">Parāmāso</span>ti diṭṭhiparāmāso. Tena ‘‘eso me attā’’ti diṭṭhigāhābhāvamāha. Taṇhāgāhābhāveneva cettha ‘‘esohamasmī’’ti mānagāhābhāvopi vuttoyeva hoti, <span class="bld">vā</span>-saddaggahaṇena vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni patthanādīnamabhāve kāraṇaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tayo bhavā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">tayo bhavā aṅgārakāsuyo viya</span> jātiādidukkhādhiṭṭhānabhāvena mahābhitāpatāya. <span class="bld">Cattāro mahābhūtā</span> kaṭṭhamukhapūtimukhaaggimukhasatthamukhasaṅkhātā <span class="bld">ghoravisaāsīvisā viya</span> kāyassa thaddhatāvissandanadāhacchedadukkhavidhānato visesato, avisesato pana āsayato, visavikārato, anatthadānato, durupacārato, durāsadato, akataññuto, avisesakārito, anekādīnavūpaddavato ca. ‘‘Cattāro āsīvisā uggatejā ghoravisāti kho, bhikkhave<a name="M2.0448"></a>, catunnetaṃ mahābhūtānaṃ adhivacana’’nti (saṃ. ni. 4.238) hi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Pañcakkhandhā</span> ekakkhandhabhede aññakkhandhānavaṭṭhānato. Aññamaññāghātanato, maraṇadukkhāvahanato ca <span class="bld">ukkhittāsikavadhakā viya</span>. Vuttampi cetaṃ ‘‘ukkhittāsiko vadhakoti kho, bhikkhave, pañcannetaṃ upādānakkhandhānaṃ adhivacana’’nti. <span class="bld">Cha ajjhattikāyatanāni</span> attattaniyabhāvena gahitānipi tato rittabhāvato <span class="bld">suññagāmo viya</span> bhojanādigayhupagamettha atthīti paviṭṭhasuññagāmo viya. Tathā hi vuttaṃ –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Suññagāmoti kho, bhikkhave, channetaṃ ajjhattikānaṃ āyatanānaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Cakkhuto cepi naṃ, bhikkhave, paṇḍito byatto medhāvī upaparikkheyya, rittakaññeva khāyati, tucchakaññeva khāyati, suññakaññeva khāyatī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 4.238) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Ādi. <span class="bld">Cha bāhirāyatanāni gāmaghātakacorā viya</span> sabbathāpi ghātakabhāvato. Tenevāha ‘‘corā gāmaghātakāti kho, bhikkhave, channetaṃ bāhirānaṃ āyatanānaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Cakkhu, bhikkhave, haññati manāpāmanāpesu rūpesū’’tiādi. Rāgaggiādīhi <span class="bld">ekādasahi aggīhi</span>. Vuttañhetaṃ –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Cakkhu, bhikkhave, ādittaṃ. Kena ādittaṃ? Rāgagginā dosagginā mohagginā jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 4.28) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Ādi<a name="V2.0422"></a>. Saṅkhārānaṃ gaṇḍādisadisatā heṭṭhā vuttāyeva. <span class="bld">Nirassādā</span>ti assādetabbarahitā dukkhasabhāvattā. <span class="bld">Nirasā</span>ti sampattirahitā vipattipariyosānattā. Sabbattha yathā heṭṭhā nirassādā nirasā mahāādīnavarāsibhūtā hutvā upaṭṭhahantīti sambandho, evaṃ uparipi ‘‘savāḷakamiva vanagahana’’ntiādīsu taṃ ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sasaddūlā</span>ti sabyagghā. <span class="bld">Gāhā</span> kumbhilādayo. <span class="bld">Rakkhaso</span> dakarakkhaso. <span class="bld">‘‘Nirasaṃ nirassāda’’</span>nti iminā ādīnavassa abbokiṇṇataṃ dasseti. Tathā hissa yogino sabbesu bhavādīsu sabbepi saṅkhārā nissaggato nirantaraṃ sappaṭibhayāva hutvā upaṭṭhahanti. Yañca sappaṭibhayaṃ, taṃ sādīnavaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tasseva’’</span>ntiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ya</span>nti <a name="M2.0449"></a> ādīnavañāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Idaṃ vutta</span>nti idaṃ dasavatthukaṃ dvādasavārapaṭimaṇḍitaṃ anvayabyatirekavasena tasseva padabhājanaṃ <span class="bld">paṭisambhidāyaṃ</span> vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uppādo bhaya</span>nti saṅkhārānaṃ uppādo akhemaṭṭhena bhayavatthutāya bhayaṃ. Uppādamūlakañhi sabbaṃ taṃ sabbavatthukanti sabyasanaṃ. <span class="bld">Pavattaṃ bhaya</span>ntiādīsupi eseva nayo. Natthi etassa uppādo, na vā etasmiṃ adhigate saṅkhārānaṃ āyatiṃ uppādoti <span class="bld">anuppādo,</span> nibbānaṃ. Tañca sabbaso bhayābhāvato paramassāsabhūtattā nibbhayaṭṭhena <span class="bld">khema</span>nti. <span class="bld">Santipade</span>ti sabbasaṅkhārūpasamabhūte amatapade. <span class="bld">Appavatta</span>ntiādīhipi pavattādipaṭikkhepamukhena nibbānameva vadati. Pavattiyaṃ ādīnavaṃ disvā tadanantarameva nivattiyaṃ ānisaṃsadassanavasena sīghaṃ vipassanaṃ ussukkāpentānaṃ vasena <span class="bld">‘‘uppādo bhayaṃ, anuppādo khema’’</span>nti tatiyavāro vutto. Eseva nayo chaṭṭhavārādīsupi. Ettha ca <span class="bld">uppādo</span> viseso, <span class="bld">bhayaṃ</span> visesitabbaṃ sāmaññabhāvatoti satipi dvinnaṃ padānaṃ samānādhikaraṇabhāve liṅgabhedo gahito. Yathā ‘‘dukkhasamudayo ariyasacca’’nti (dī. ni. 3.354; ma. ni. 3.374). Esa nayo <span class="bld">‘‘gati bhaya’’</span>ntiādīsupi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uppādo saṅkhārā</span>ti ettha pana sabbesaṃ saṅkhārānaṃ uppādaṃ sāmaññena gahetvā saṅkhārā bhedato vihitā sabbatthakameva tesaṃ vibhāgato vipassiyamānattāti vacanabhedo kato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Āyūhanaṃ paṭisandhiṃ ‘‘dukkha’’nti passatīti sambandho. <span class="bld">Ñāṇaṃ ādīnave ida</span>nti ādīnave visayabhūte <a name="V2.0423"></a> idaṃ pañcavatthukaṃ ñāṇaṃ veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Ñāṇaṃ santipade</span>ti santipade ninnādibhāvena ṭhitaṃ idaṃ ñāṇanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para753"></a><span class="paranum">753</span>. Kammapaccayā paccuppannabhave uppajjamānānaṃ saṅkhārānaṃ uppādo pākaṭataro hutvā upaṭṭhātīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘purimakammapaccayā idha uppattī’’</span>ti. Pavattaṃ nāma idha pavattiyaṃ dhammappavattīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘uppannassa pavattī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sabbampī</span>ti tiyaddhagataṃ rūpārūpaṃ ajjhattabahiddhādivibhāgaṃ sabbampi. <span class="bld">Kamma</span>nti etarahi pavattaṃ kammaṃ. Ettha ca uppādapavattaāyūhanaggahaṇena paccuppannaddhapariyāpannā saṅkhārā gahitā, paṭisandhiggahaṇena anāgataddhapariyāpannā upādittā. Uppādaggahaṇena ca atītaddhapariyāpannā kammasaṅkhārā ulliṅgattā. Nimittaggahaṇena pana sabbepi gahitā. <span class="bld">Yāya gatiyā sā paṭisandhi hoti</span> sā <a name="M2.0450"></a> nirayādibhedā gati sucaritaduccaritavasena gantabbattā, sā panatthato taṃtaṃkammaniyamitā bhavasamaññārahā vipākakkhandhā, kaṭattā ca rūpanti veditabbā. <span class="bld">Khandhānaṃ nibbattana</span>nti sabbesampi khandhānaṃ nibbattanaṃ. <span class="bld">Pākaṭā eva</span> saccavibhaṅge lakkhaṇādivasena niddiṭṭhattā. <span class="bld">Vatthuvasenā</span>ti ārammaṇasaṅkhātapavattiṭṭhānavasena. Yadi te pañceva vatthubhāvena icchitā, atha kasmā sesā vuttāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sesā tesaṃ vevacanavasenā’’</span>ti. Tena vipassakānaṃ ñāṇavipphārassa visayasaṃvaḍḍhanatthaṃ desanā vaḍḍhitāti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Anvayato dassitassa ādīnavañāṇassa byatirekato dassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">paṭipakkhañāṇadassanaṃ</span> ‘‘yattha uppādo natthi, tattha sabbena sabbaṃ bhayampi natthī’’ti. <span class="bld">‘‘Bhayatupaṭṭhānena vā’’</span>tiādinā pavattiṃ dassetvā nivattidassanaṃ buddhānaṃ, anubuddhānañca āciṇṇametaṃ yathā purimaṃ saccadvayaṃ dassetvā nirodhasaccadesanāti dasseti. Yathā loke kassaci ādīnavadassanaṃ niratthakampi hoti, na tathā idaṃ, idaṃ pana sātthakamevāti imamatthaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yasmā vā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Tappaṭipakkhaninnaṃ cittaṃ hoti</span> dāhābhibhūtassa sītaninnatā viya suṭṭhu diṭṭhādīnavato ekaṃsena muñcitukamyatābhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhaya</span>nti bhāyitabbaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Niyamato dukkha’’</span>nti etenassa dukkhabhāvena bhāyitabbatāti bhāyitabbatā dukkhabhāvaṃ na byabhicaratīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Vaṭṭāmisaṃ</span> upādinnakkhandhāti vadanti. Tividhampi vaṭṭaṃ, vaṭṭasannissitañca <span class="bld">vaṭṭāmisaṃ</span>. Kilesehi āmasitabbato <span class="bld">lokāmisaṃ,</span> pañca kāmaguṇā<a name="V2.0424"></a>. Kilesā eva <span class="bld">kilesāmisaṃ. Saṅkhāramattamevā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">eva</span>-saddena visaṅkhāraṃ nivatteti. Na hi tattha sāmisatālesopi atthīti. <span class="bld">Matta</span>-saddena pana aparipuṇṇataṃ vibhāveti. Na hi sabbasaṅkhāragataṃ sāmisanti. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti ‘‘bhaya’’nti vuttassa dukkhādibhāvena niyatattā. Yadi yaṃ bhayaṃ, taṃ dukkhādisabhāvameva, tathā sati bhayādīsu ekeneva atthasiddhi. Kasmā sabbāni gahitānīti anuyogaṃ manasi katvā āha <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ santepī’’</span>tiādi. Yathā tesu eva saṅkhāresu aniccato dukkhato anattato pavattivasena ākāranānattato anupassanānānattaṃ, evaṃ bhayākārādiākāranānattato <span class="bld">pavattivasenevettha</span> ñāṇassa <span class="bld">nānattaṃ</span><a name="M2.0451"></a>. Tattha bhayākārena pavattaṃ ñāṇaṃ <span class="bld">bhayatupaṭṭhānañāṇaṃ,</span> itarākāravasena pavattaṃ <span class="bld">ādīnavañāṇa</span>nti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā ādīnavañāṇassa visayabhāvena vuttā pannarasāpi atthā uppādādīsu pañcasveva antogadhā, tattha ca ñāṇaṃ anvayabyatirekavasena pavattanato dasavidhaṃ hoti. Tasmā āha <span class="bld">‘‘dasa ñāṇe pajānātī’’</span>ti. Pajānanañca sātisayaṃ visayagatasammohavigamena asammūḷhaṃ, attanipi asammūḷhamevāti attānampi pajānantaṃ viya hotīti katvā vuttaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘paṭivijjhati sacchikarotī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Dvinna</span>nti dvīsu kusalasaddayogena hi bhummatthe sāmivacanaṃ yathā ‘‘kusalā naccagītassā’’ti (jā. 2.22.94). <span class="bld">Kusalatā</span>ti karaṇe paccattavacananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘dvinnaṃ kusalatāyā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Dvinna</span>nti vā dvinnaṃ ñāṇānaṃ vasenāti attho. Pavattiyā yāthāvato diṭṭhatāya tappaṭipakkhato santipadaṃ suvinicchitameva hutvā upaṭṭhāti. Tenassa cittaṃ paramadiṭṭhadhammanibbānādimicchāgāhavasena na vicalati. Tattha suparidiṭṭhādīnavattāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘nānādiṭṭhīsu na kampatī’’</span>tiādi. Sesamettha uttānatthameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Ādīnavānupassanāñāṇaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Nibbidānupassanāñāṇakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para754"></a><span class="paranum">754</span>. <span class="bld">Saṅkhāragate</span>ti sabbasmiṃ tebhūmake saṅkhāre. <span class="bld">Nibbindatī</span>ti ñāṇanibbidena nibbedaṃ āpajjati. Tathābhūto ca tattha ukkaṇṭhanto, anabhiramanto ca nāma hotīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ukkaṇṭhati nābhiramatī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="V2.0425"></a> anabhiramaṇassa upamaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘seyyathāpī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Anotattadahaṃ parikkhipitvā ṭhitesu dviyojanasatubbedhesu yathākkamaṃ sānuañjanarajatasuvaṇṇasattaratanamayesugandhamādanakāḷakelāsasudassanacittakūṭabhedesu pañcasu himavato mahāsikharesu pacchimo <span class="bld">cittakūṭapabbato</span> nāma. Sīhapapātādīsu <span class="bld">sattasu mahāsaresu</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Suvaṇṇapañjare</span>ti <a name="M2.0452"></a> suvaṇṇamaye sīhapañjare. <span class="bld">Pakkhitto</span>ti niruddho. <span class="bld">Tividhe sugatibhave</span>ti kāmasugatiādike tividhe sampattibhave.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Hatthapādavālavatthikosehi bhūmiphusanehi sattahi patiṭṭhitoti <span class="bld">sattapatiṭṭho. Nagaramajjhe nābhiramati</span> dvārapañjaranāḷanādiavabādhanabhayena. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhe</span>ti adhimuttipubbakena anvayadassanena diṭṭhe. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tanninnatappoṇatappabbhāramānaso’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="centered">Nibbidānupassanāñāṇaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para755"></a><span class="paranum">755</span>. <span class="bld">Taṃ paneta</span>nti nibbidāñāṇamāha. <span class="bld">Ñāṇadvayenā</span>ti bhayatupaṭṭhānādīnavānupassanāñāṇadvayena. Yasmā bhayato dissamānā eva saṅkhārā mahādīnavā, nibbinditabbā ca hutvā upaṭṭhahanti, tasmā ekampi taṃ ñāṇaṃ tathābhāvanābalappattiyā avatthāvisesayuttaṃ tividhakiccasāmatthiyavantaṃ hotīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘atthato eka’’</span>nti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbasaṅkhāre’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tayidaṃ tāsaṃ anupassanānaṃ matthakappattivasena vuttaṃ, ādimhi pana bhinnasabhāvā eva pavattanti. <span class="bld">Uppādesī</span>ti pātvākāsi, vibhāvesīti attho.</p>
<p class="subhead">Muñcitukamyatāñāṇakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para756"></a><span class="paranum">756</span>. <span class="bld">Na sajjati</span> bahvādīnavatāya diṭṭhattā. <span class="bld">Muñcitukāmaṃ nissaritukāmaṃ hoti</span> anādikālikassa khandhassa pariññāyamānattā. <span class="bld">Muñcitukāmatā</span> tato attānaṃ nibbedhetukāmatā nissaritukāmatā apagantukāmatā. <span class="bld">Pañjarapakkhitto</span>ti pañjarena samoruddho. <span class="bld">Evamādayo</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena ādittaaṅgāraupasaṭṭhadesabyāḷasāpadākulavanagahanādīnaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="centered">Muñcitukamyatāñāṇaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Paṭisaṅkhānupassanāñāṇakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para757"></a><span class="paranum">757</span>. <span class="bld">‘‘Sabbabhava</span> <a name="M2.0453"></a><a name="V2.0426"></a> <span class="bld">…pe… muñcitukāmo’’</span>ti vatvā puna <span class="bld">sabbasmā saṅkhāragatā</span>ti <span class="bld">sabba</span>ggahaṇaṃ sātisayamuttidassanatthaṃ adhikavacanaṃ aññamatthaṃ bodhetīti. Yañhi saṅkhārehi ananubandhassa muñcanaṃ, taṃ sātisayaṃ muñcanaṃ. Taṃ pana vuccamānāya paṭisaṅkhānupassanāya hotīti taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘puna te evaṃ saṅkhāre’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tilakkhaṇaṃ āropetvā saṅkhārapariggaṇhanaṃ pubbepi katanti <span class="bld">puna</span>ggahaṇaṃ. Bhavādigatassa saṅkhārassa aparitulitassa abhāvato <span class="bld">‘‘te’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Anupassanākārassa apubbassapi atthitāya <span class="bld">‘‘eva’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. Idāni vuccamānākārenāti hi attho. Saṅkhārānaṃ pariggaṇhanaṃ nāma paripuṇṇalakkhaṇavaseneva hotīti <span class="bld">‘‘tilakkhaṇaṃ āropetvā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anaccantikato</span>tiādīsu yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ heṭṭhā vuttameva. Paṭhamena <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena ‘‘ādiantavantato niccapaṭikkhepato’’ti evamādīnaṃ saṅgaho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dutiyena ‘‘udayabbayapaṭipīḷanato sukhapaṭikkhepato’’ti evamādīnaṃ saṅgaho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ajaññato</span>ti amanuññato, asobhanato vā. <span class="bld">Jegucchato</span>ti ‘‘dhī’’ti jigucchitabbato. <span class="bld">Paṭikkūlato</span>ti abhiruciyā paṭilomanena paṭikkūlabhāvato. Na maṇḍanena hatā <span class="bld">amaṇḍanahatā,</span> amaṇḍanena sakkā etesaṃ subhabhāvaṃ hantunti attho. Amaṇḍanena vā tesaṃ asubhatā pākaṭā hotīti <span class="bld">amaṇḍanahatā</span>. Maṇḍanena vā na hantabbasabhāvā ‘‘asūriyapassā’’ti viya <span class="bld">amaṇḍanahatā</span>. Tato amaṇḍanahatabhāvatoti rūpasaṅkhāre sandhāya vadati. <span class="bld">Virūpato</span>ti asundarato. Paṭighasaṃyojanavatthutāya passante attani bandhatīti <span class="bld">bībhacchaṃ</span> ativiya virūpaṃ. Yaṃ diṭṭhamattameva domanassuppattinimittaṃ hoti. Ajaññajigucchanīyatā hi gūthaṃ viya pariccajitabbaṃ vā <span class="bld">bībhacchaṃ</span>. Idha <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena ‘‘asucito amanāpato’’ti evamādīnaṃ saṅgaho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Catutthena <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena ‘‘apariṇāyakato attapaṭikkhepato’’ti evamādīnaṃ saṅgaho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para758"></a><span class="paranum">758</span>. <span class="bld">Aya</span>nti <a name="M2.0454"></a><a name="V2.0427"></a> yogāvacaro. <span class="bld">Muñcanassā</span>ti puna ananubandhanatthaṃ sumuttamuñcanassa. <span class="bld">Upāyasampādanattha</span>nti aniccādivasena suṭṭhu pariggaṇhanaṃ parimaddanā upāyo, tassa sādhanatthaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Macchagahaṇatthaṃ udake tattha tattha khipanti etanti <span class="bld">khippaṃ,</span> macchānaṃ gahaṇakūṭapaṃ. <span class="bld">Oḍḍāpesī</span>ti osāresi, khipīti attho. <span class="bld">Sappa</span>nti kaṇhasappaṃ. <span class="bld">Gahaṇe</span>ti yathāgahitaṃ sappaṃ achaḍḍetvā gahaṇe. <span class="bld">Hatthaṃ nibbeṭhetvā</span>ti sappena attano bhogena veṭhitaṃ hatthapadesaṃ nibbeṭhetvā mocetvā. <span class="bld">Āvijjhitvā</span> āveṭhikappahāpanena bhametvā. <span class="bld">Nissajjitvā</span>ti chaḍḍetvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tatthā</span>tiādi upamāsaṃsandanaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">āditovā</span>ti viññutaṃ pattakāle. <span class="bld">Ghanavinibbhogaṃ katvā</span>ti kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā samūhādighanaggahaṇaṃ bhinditvā. <span class="bld">Sumutta</span>nti bhāvanapuṃsakaniddeso ‘‘visamaṃ candimasūriyā parivattantī’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 4.70) viya. Saṅkhārānaṃ niccādiākārena upaṭṭhātuṃ asamatthatā aniccasaññādibhedāya vipassanāya sātisayaṃ balavabhāvappattiyā, sā ca saṅkhārānaṃ aniccādiākārassa suṭṭhutaraṃ sallakkhaṇenāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tilakkhaṇāropanena…pe… pāpetvā’’</span>ti. Yathā hi nibbuddhakaraṇe balavatarena paṭimallena tattha tattha muṭṭhippahārādinā vimathito itaro tena yujjhituṃ asamatthataṃ pāpito hoti. Na kevalaṃ asamatthataṃ pāpitova hoti, atha kho maraṇamattaṃ dukkhaṃ vā maraṇaṃ vā pāpuṇāti, evametepi saṅkhārā evaṃ dubbalabhāvaṃ pāpitā upariñāṇānubhāvena nibbisevanataṃ, sabbaso bhaṅgañca pāpuṇantīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para759"></a><span class="paranum">759</span>. <span class="bld">Ettāvatā</span>ti evaṃ ‘‘anaccantikato’’tiādinā parocattālīsāya ākārehi saṅkhārānaṃ aniccādibhāvasallakkhaṇavasappavattena paṭisaṅkhānena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aniccato manasikaroto</span>tiādīsu yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ bhayatupaṭṭhānakathāyaṃ (visuddhi. 2.750) vuttanayameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ayaṃ pana viseso – <span class="bld">‘‘paṭisaṅkhā’’</span>ti padassa <span class="bld">‘‘jānitvā’’</span>ti atthaṃ vatvā paṭisaṅkhānuppajjanakiriyānaṃ samānakhaṇattā asatipi pubbāparakālatte saddavohāramattena evaṃ vuttanti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘kāma’’</span>ntiādimāha. Tena ‘‘kusalaṃ <a name="M2.0455"></a> dhammaṃ paṭicca kusalo dhammo uppajjati hetupaccayā <a name="V2.0428"></a> (paṭṭhā. 1.1.53), nihantvā timiraṃ sabbaṃ, uggatoyaṃ divākaro’’ti ca evamādīsu viya samānakālavasenāyaṃ saddapayogoti. Tathā manañca dhamme ca paṭhamaṃ paṭicca pacchā na manoviññāṇassa uppatti, evamidhāpīti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘manañca paṭiccā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Ediso saddapayogo yebhuyyena loke pubbakālavaseneva dissatīti pubbakālavaseneva idhāpi taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ekattanayena vā…pe… veditabba’’</span>nti āha. Tassattho – aparāparaṃ uppannesu ñāṇesu purimassa vasena paṭisaṅkhānakiriyā, tadaññassa vasena uppajjanakiriyā ca yojetabbā, na ca tāni bhedato apekkhitabbāni ekasantānapatitatāya ekattanayavasena gahitattāti. <span class="bld">Itarasmiṃ padadvaye</span>ti ‘‘pavattaṃ paṭisaṅkhā, nimittañca pavattañca paṭisaṅkhā’’ti imasmiṃ padadvaye.</p>
<p class="centered">Paṭisaṅkhānupassanāñāṇaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Saṅkhārupekkhāñāṇakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para760"></a><span class="paranum">760</span>. Saṅkhārānaṃ aniccadukkhākārādipariggaṇhanavasena pavattampi paṭisaṅkhānupassanāñāṇaṃ visesato anattākārapariggaṇhanapadhānanti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sabbe saṅkhārā suññāti pariggahetvā’’</span>tiādi. Tasmiñhi sati saccasampaṭivedho ijjhati, na asati. Tadabhāvato hi aniccadukkhalakkhaṇapaññāpakampi <span class="bld">sarabhaṅgasatthārā</span>dīnaṃ sāsanaṃ aniyyānikameva jātaṃ. Atha vā tesaṃ niccasārādīhi rittakaṃ sandhāya <span class="bld">‘‘sabbe saṅkhārā suññāti pariggahetvā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Yañhi yato rittakaṃ, taṃ tena suññanti. Saṅkhārānaṃ attasuññatāya duviññeyyabhāvato anekavāraṃ paṭividdhāyapi suññatānupassanāya daḷhībhāvāpādanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘puna suññamida’’</span>ntiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha yadaggena saṅkhārā anattatā, tadaggena anattaniyā. Sati hi attani attaniyena bhavitabbanti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘suññamidaṃ attena vā attaniyena vā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Dvikoṭika</span>nti dviaṃsikaṃ, attānaṃ neva disvā ñāṇacakkhunā paccakkhato, anumānato ca tassa anupalabbhanīyatoti adhippāyo. Paraṃ aññaṃ sattaṃ, saṅkhāraṃ vā parikkhārabhāve attano sukhadukkhasādhanabhāve ṭhitaṃ na disvāti yojanā. Puna pariggaṇhātīti sambandho. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti etasmiṃ suññatānupassanādhikāre.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kvacī</span>ti <a name="M2.0456"></a><a name="V2.0429"></a> katthaci ṭhāne, kāle, dhamme vā. Atha vā <span class="bld">kvacī</span>ti ajjhattaṃ, bahiddhā vā. <span class="bld">Attano attāna</span>nti sakattānaṃ. ‘‘Ayaṃ kho bhavaṃ brahmā mahābrahmā…pe… seṭṭho sajitā vasī pitā bhūtabhabyāna’’ntiādinā (dī. ni. 1.42) parehi parikappitaṃ attānañca kassaci kiñcanabhūtaṃ na passatīti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘kassacī’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">parassā</span>ti ‘‘parajāti, paro puriso’’ti ca evaṃ gahitassa. <span class="bld">Na ca mama kvacanī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">mama</span>-saddo aṭṭhāne payuttoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘mama-saddaṃ tāva ṭhapetvā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Parassa cā</span>ti attato aññassa. ‘‘Paro puriso’’ti evaṃbhūto attho mamatthāya ṭhito, tassa vasena mayhaṃ sabbaṃ sijjhatīti evaṃ ekaccadiṭṭhigatikaparikappitavasena paraṃ attānaṃ tañca attano kiñcanabhūtaṃ na passatīti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘na ca kvacanī’’</span>tiādimāha. Ettha ca <span class="bld">nāhaṃ kvacanī</span>ti sakaattano abhāvaṃ passati. <span class="bld">Na kassaci kiñcanatasmi</span>nti sakaattano eva kassaci anattaniyataṃ passati. <span class="bld">Na ca mamā</span>ti etaṃ dvayaṃ yathāsaṅkhyaṃ sambandhitabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Atthī</span>ti paccekaṃ. <span class="bld">Na ca kvacani parassa attā atthī</span>ti parassa attano abhāvaṃ passati. <span class="bld">Tassa parassa attano mama kiñcanatā na catthī</span>ti parassa attano anattaniyataṃ passati. Evaṃ ajjhattaṃ, bahiddhā ca khandhānaṃ attattaniyasuññatā suddhasaṅkhārapuñjatā catukoṭikasuññatāpariggaṇhanena diṭṭhā hoti. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘evamaya’’</span>ntiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para761"></a><span class="paranum">761</span>. <span class="bld">‘‘Chahākārehī’’</span>tiādinā niddesādīsu tattha tattha āgate pakāre suññatānupassanāya paribrūhanaṃ saṅgahetvā dasseti. Tattha <span class="bld">chahākārehī</span>ti chahi gahaṇākārehi, gahetabbākārehi vā. <span class="bld">Niccenā</span>ti ‘‘nicco’’ti parikappitena attanā vā aññena vā kenaci. <span class="bld">Niccenā</span>ti vā niccabhāvena. Dhuvādayo ‘‘nicco’’ti gahitasseva gahetabbākārā. Tabbibhāgena hi imassa chakkatā. Tattha niccatā nāma kūṭaṭṭhatā. Dhuvabhāvo thiratā. Sadā bhāvitā sassatatā. Nibbikāratā avipariṇāmadhammatā. <span class="bld">Yāva jarāmaraṇā</span>ti peyyālaṃ akatvā pariyosānapadameva dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para762"></a><span class="paranum">762</span>. Na sāranti <span class="bld">asāraṃ,</span> natthi etassa sāranti <span class="bld">nissāraṃ</span>. Sārato apagataṃ, sāraṃ vā tato apagatanti <span class="bld">sārāpagataṃ</span>. Keci panettha <a name="M2.0457"></a> ‘‘niccasārasārena vā sukhasārasārena vā attasārasārena vā’’ti pāḷīti adhippāyena ‘‘asāraṃ nissāraṃ sārāpagata’’nti padattayaṃ eko suññatāpariggahākāro, aññathā satteva ākārā siyuṃ, na aṭṭhāti vadanti. Apare pana ‘‘subhasārasārenātipi <a name="V2.0430"></a> pāḷiyaṃ atthīti ‘asāraṃ nissāraṃ sārāpagata’nti idaṃ padattayaṃ ‘niccasārasārenā’tiādīsu paccekaṃ yojetabba’’nti vadanti. <span class="bld">Setavaccho</span>ti setavaruṇako. ‘‘Minarukkho’’tipi vadanti. <span class="bld">Pāḷibhaddako</span>ti kiṃsuko.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para763"></a><span class="paranum">763</span>. Niccasārādīnaṃ abhāvato <span class="bld">rittato passati</span>. Parittato, lāmakattā vā <span class="bld">tucchato</span>. Attasārābhāvena <span class="bld">suññato</span>. Sayaṃ anattatāya <span class="bld">anattato</span>. Issariyassa abhāvato, kenaci issariyaṃ kāretuṃ asakkuṇeyyatāya ca <span class="bld">anissariyato</span>. Pheṇapiṇḍena bhājanādiṃ kātukāmassa viya rūpassa niccatādiṃ kātukāmassa taṃ na sijjhati, sakaicchāvasena vā kāci kiriyā natthīti <span class="bld">akāmakāriyato</span>. ‘‘Evaṃ rūpaṃ hotu, mā eva’’nti <span class="bld">alabbhanīyato</span>. Sayaṃ aññassa vase na vattati, nāpi aññaṃ attano vase vattetīti <span class="bld">avasavattakato</span>. Yasmiṃ santāne sayaṃ tassa paro viya avidheyyatāya <span class="bld">parato</span>. Kārakādi viya kāraṇehi, phalena ca <span class="bld">vivittato</span>. Na hi kāraṇena phalaṃ, phalena vā kāraṇaṃ sagabbhaṃ tiṭṭhati. Esa nayo vedanādīsupi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para764"></a><span class="paranum">764</span>. <span class="bld">Rūpaṃ na satto</span>tiādīsu yo lokavohārena satto, rūpaṃ so na hotīti ayamattho idha nādhippeto tassāvuttasiddhattā. Na hi loko rūpamattaṃ ‘‘satto’’ti voharati, bāhirakaparikappito pana attā ‘‘satto’’ti adhippeto. So hi tehi rūpādīsu sattavisattatāya paresaṃ sañjāpanaṭṭhena ‘‘satto’’ti vuccati, rūpaṃ so na hotīti attho. Suññatāpariggaṇhanañhetanti. Esa nayo <span class="bld">na jīvo</span>tiādīsupi. Tattha jīvanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">jīvo</span>. Naranaṭṭhena netubhāvena <span class="bld">naro</span>. ‘‘Ahamasmī’’ti mānuppattiṭṭhānatāya māno ettha vāti pavattatīti <span class="bld">mānavo</span>. Thiyati ettha gabbhoti <span class="bld">itthī</span>. Padhānabhāvena puri setīti <span class="bld">puriso</span><a name="M2.0458"></a>. Āhito ahaṃmāno etthāti <span class="bld">attā</span>. Paccattaṃ tassa tassa ahaṃkāravatthutāya ‘‘aha’’nti ca diṭṭhigatikehi attā vuccati, rūpaṃ pana tādisaṃ na hotīti suññatāpariggaṇhanavidhiṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘rūpaṃ na satto’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tasmā aṭṭhahipi padehi rūpassa attasuññatāva dassitā. Itarehi catūhi tassa kiñcanatābhāvo. Tattha <span class="bld">na mamā</span>ti mayhaṃ attano santakaṃ na hoti, tathā aññassa attano santakaṃ na hoti, kassacipi attano santakaṃ na hoti attanoyeva abhāvato. <span class="bld">‘‘Na attaniya’’</span>nti padena pakāsito evattho pariyāyantarehi tīhipi padehi pakāsito. Esa nayo vedanādīsupi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para765"></a><span class="paranum">765</span>. Heṭṭhā <a name="V2.0431"></a> kalāpasammasanassa daḷhabhāvāya vuttasammasananayāpi suññatānupassanāya daḷhabhāvāya saṃvattantīti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘tīraṇapariññāvasenā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha bhayassa ahiṃsanena <span class="bld">asaraṇato</span>. ‘‘Saraṇa’’nti gahetuṃ ayuttatāya <span class="bld">asaraṇībhūtato. ‘‘Anassādato’’</span>ti idaṃ pāḷiyaṃ natthi. Sati ca tecattālīsa ākārā siyuṃ. Rūpappavattiyaṃ sabbādīnavūpaladdhiyā <span class="bld">ādīnavato. ‘‘Samudayato atthaṅgamato’’</span>ti idaṃ dvayaṃ yathā aniccato dassanaṃ panāḷikāya, niccasāravirahadīpanena vā suññatāvibhāvanaṃ hoti, evaṃ suññatāvibhāvananti katvā vuttaṃ. Tathā ‘‘yaṃ kho rūpaṃ paṭicca uppajjati sukhaṃ somanassaṃ, ayaṃ rūpassa assādo’’ti (saṃ. ni. 3.26) dassanaṃ paccayapaccayuppannatāvibhāvanena suññatāvibhāvanaṃ. ‘‘Yaṃ rūpaṃ aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, ayaṃ rūpassa ādīnavo’’ti (saṃ. ni. 3.26) ca dassanaṃ niccatādisuññatābhāvanato. Tathā ‘‘yo rūpe chandarāgavinayo chandarāgappahānaṃ, idaṃ rūpassa nissaraṇa’’nti evaṃ samudayādidassanānaṃ, itaresañca yathārahaṃ suññatānupassanānubrūhanatā daṭṭhabbā. Yaṃ pana ādīnavato dassanaṃ, pubbe vatvāpi puna vacanaṃ assādapaṭikkhepato dassanaṃ sandhāya vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Sesaṃ heṭṭhā vuttanayameva. Vedanādīsupi dvācattālīsa ākārā netabbāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vedanaṃ…pe… viññāṇaṃ aniccato…pe… nissaraṇato passatī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vuttampi ca</span> niddese <span class="bld">etaṃ</span> suññatāpariggaṇhanakathāsandassanaṃ ‘‘asukāya pāḷiyā ayaṃ niddeso’’ti dassanatthaṃ, tassa phalasandassanatthañca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para766"></a><span class="paranum">766</span>. Evaṃ <a name="M2.0459"></a> tīraṇapariññāvasena paccekaṃ khandhesu dvācattālīsāya ākārehi suññataṃ pariggahetvāpi tividhānupassanāvaseneva bhāvanaṃ anuyuñjantassa saṅkhārupekkhāñāṇuppattīti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ suññato’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">pariggaṇhanto</span>ti sammasanto. <span class="bld">Bhayañca nandiñca vippahāyā</span>ti ajjhupekkhakatāya saṅkhārānaṃ vipattiṃ nissāya uppajjanakabhayañceva tesaṃ sampattiṃ nissāya uppajjanakapītiñca pajahitvā. Atha vā bhayatupaṭṭhānavasena uppajjanakañāṇabhayañca sammasanavasena uppajjanakapītisaṅkhātaṃ nandiñca pahāya. Na hi sabbaso suññatāya diṭṭhāya bhayanandīnaṃ avasaro atthi, atha kho upekkhāva saṇṭhāti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘saṅkhāresu udāsīno hotī’’</span>ti. Tattha yena micchāgāhena anudāsīnatā siyā, tadabhāvaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘ahanti vā mamanti vā na gaṇhātī’’</span>ti āha. Idānissa udāsīnatāya upamaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘vissaṭṭhabhariyo viya puriso’’</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="V2.0432"></a> anudāsīnatāpubbikā udāsīnatā vuccamānā idha opammatthaṃ pharatīti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘iṭṭhā kantā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ativiya naṃ mamāyeyya</span> itthīnaṃ sāṭheyyakūṭeyyavaṅkeyyādīnaṃ ajānanato. <span class="bld">Muñcitukāmo hutvā</span>ti muñcitukāmova hutvā, <span class="bld">taṃ vissajjeyya</span> nirapekkhatāya vasenevāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ</span> yogāvacaro. Muñcitukāmatāya uddhaṃ yāva saṅkhārupekkhāñāṇaṃ na uppajjati, tāva pavattā vipassanā paṭisaṅkhānupassanā evāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘paṭisaṅkhānupassanāya saṅkhāre pariggaṇhanto’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Patilīyatī</span>ti ekapassena nilīyati nilīnaṃ viya hoti. <span class="bld">Patikuṭatī</span>ti saṅkucati. <span class="bld">Paṭivaṭṭatī</span>ti vivaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Na sampasāriyatī</span>ti na visarati, abhirativasena na pakkhandatīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Iccassā</span>ti iti evaṃ assa yogino.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para767"></a><span class="paranum">767</span>. Tikkhavisadasūrabhāvena saṅkhāresu ajjhupekkhane sijjhamāne <span class="bld">taṃ panetaṃ</span> saṅkhārupekkhāñāṇaṃ anekavāraṃ pavattamānaṃ paripākagamanena anulomañāṇassa paccayabhāvaṃ gacchantaṃ <span class="bld">nibbānaṃ santato passati</span> nāma. Tathābhūtañca <span class="bld">sabbaṃ saṅkhārappavattaṃ vissajjetvā nibbānameva pakkhandati</span> nāma. Tayidaṃ idha ñāṇaṃ anulomagotrabhuñāṇehi saddhiṃ ekattaṃ netvā vuttaṃ ekattanayavasena<a name="M2.0460"></a>. <span class="bld">No ce nibbānaṃ santato passatī</span>ti tāva saṅkhārupekkhāñāṇassa aparipakkatamevāha. Samuddaṃ tarantīti <span class="bld">sāmuddikā,</span> saṃyattikā. Disājānanako kāko <span class="bld">disākāko,</span> lakkhaṇamattañcetaṃ yo koci tādiso sakunto veditabbo. <span class="bld">Videsa</span>nti adesaṃ samudde aparicitaṭṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Anugantvā</span>ti anu anu gantvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tayidaṃ</span> vipassanāñāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Piṭṭhaṃ vaṭṭayamānaṃ viyā</span>ti thūlathūlato vivecanavasena nipphoṭiyamānaṃ saṇhaṃ saṇhaṃ piṭṭhacuṇṇaṃ viya. <span class="bld">Nibbaṭṭitakappāsa</span>nti nibbaṭṭitabījaṃ kappāsaṃ. <span class="bld">Vihanamānaṃ viyā</span>ti dhanukena vihaññamānaṃ viya. Upamādvayenapi punappunaṃ sammasanena vipassanāñāṇassa sukhumatarabhāvāpattimāha. Yathā yathā hi vipassanābhāvanābalena tikkhā, visadā, sūrā ca hoti, tathā tathā sukhumatarāpi hotīti. <span class="bld">Saṅkhāravicinane</span>ti pavicayassa sikhāppattatāya saṅkhāresu viya tesaṃ vicinanepi udāsīnaṃ hutvā tividhānupassanāvasena tiṭṭhati pakārantarassa abhāvato. <a name="V2.0433"></a> ‘‘Sattadhā aṭṭhārasadhā’’tiādinā vibhattāpi hi anupassanāpakārā aniccānupassanādīsveva tīsu antogadhāti matthakappattā vipassanā tāsaṃ eva vasena tiṭṭhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para768"></a><span class="paranum">768</span>. <span class="bld">Tatrā</span>ti tasmiṃ vimokkhamukhabhāvāpajjane, ariyapuggalavibhāgapaccayatthe ca. <span class="bld">Idaṃ</span> vipassanāñāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Tiṇṇaṃ indriyāna</span>nti saddhindriyasamādhindriyapaññindriyānaṃ. <span class="bld">Ādhipateyyavasenā</span>ti sampayuttadhammānaṃ adhipatibhāvavasena. Aniccānupassanābahulassa hi saddhindriyaṃ balavaṃ hoti, dukkhānupassanābahulassa samādhindriyaṃ, anattānupassanābahulassa paññindriyanti tissannaṃ anupassanānaṃ vasena balavatarabhāvaṃ pattāni imāni tīṇi indriyāni vimokkhamukhabhāvaṃ āpādentīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tividhānupassanā…pe… āpajjati nāmā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tividhavimokkhamukhabhāva</span>nti ettha ke pana tayo vimokkhā, kāni vā tīṇi vimokkhamukhānīti antolīne anuyoge vimokkhamukhādhīnattā vimokkhādhigamassa vimokkhamukhāni tāva dassento <span class="bld">‘‘tisso hi…pe… vuccantī’’</span>ti vatvā ayañca attho pāḷito eva viññāyatīti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘yathāhā’’</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Lokaniyyānāyā</span>ti <a name="M2.0461"></a> lokato nikkhamanāya, sattalokassa vā vaṭṭadukkhato nikkhamanāya. <span class="bld">Paricchedaparivaṭumato</span>ti udayabbayavasena paricchedato ceva parivaṭumato ca. <span class="bld">Samanupassanatāyā</span>ti sammadeva anu anu passanāya saṃvattantīti sambandho. Aniccānupassanā hi saṅkhāre ādito udayena, antato vayena paricchinne passati. Ādiantavantatāya hi te aniccāti. <span class="bld">Animittāya ca dhātuyā</span>ti sabbasaṅkhāranimittavirahato ‘‘animittā’’ti laddhanāmāya asaṅkhatāya dhātuyā. <span class="bld">Cittasampakkhandanatāyā</span>ti paricchinditvā anulomañāṇādibhāvena sammadeva adhicittassa anupavisanatthāya. <span class="bld">Appaṇihitāyā</span>ti rāgapaṇidhiādīnaṃ abhāvena ‘‘appaṇihitā’’ti laddhanāmāya. <span class="bld">Suññatāyā</span>ti attasuññatāya ‘‘suññatā’’ti laddhanāmāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gati</span>nti nibbattiṃ. Saṅkhārānaṃ sabhāvavibhāvanena saṃvejiyamānaṃ cittaṃ sammāpaṭipattiyaṃ samuttejitaṃ nāma hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘manosamuttejanatāyāti cittasaṃvejanatāyā’’</span>ti. Mamaṃkārena attaniyasaññitassa vatthuno sāmibhūto attā paṭhamaṃ parāmasīyati, tato attaniyanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘nāhaṃ, na mamāti evaṃ anattato samanupassanatāyā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tīṇi padānī</span>ti paricchedaparivaṭuma, manosamuttejana, samanupassanapadānīti vadanti, ‘‘sabbasaṅkhāre’’tiādīni pana tīṇi vākyāni tīṇi <a name="V2.0434"></a> padānīti veditabbāni. <span class="bld">Tenevā</span>ti aniccānupassanādīnaṃ vasena tesaṃ tiṇṇaṃ padānaṃ vuttattā eva. <span class="bld">Pañhavissajjane</span>ti ‘‘aniccato manasi karoto kathaṃ saṅkhārā upaṭṭhahantī’’ti pañhassa vissajjane.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para769"></a><span class="paranum">769</span>. Evaṃ vimokkhamukhāni dassetvā idāni vimokkhe dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘katame panā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Aniccato manasi karonto</span>ti aniccānupassanaṃ anuyuñjanto. <span class="bld">Adhimokkhabahulo</span>ti saddhindriyabahulo. Yassa visesato aniccānupassanā tikkhā sūrā hoti, tassa saddhindriyaṃ adhimattaṃ hoti. ‘‘Aniccā saṅkhārā’’ti hi ādito saddhāmattakena paṭipajjitvā vipassanāya ukkaṃsagatāya tarupallavādīsu viya maṇikanakādīsupi tesaṃ aniccataṃ sātisayaṃ paccakkhato passato ‘‘sammāsambuddho vata so bhagavā’’ti satthari saddhā balavatī pavattatīti so adhimokkhabahulo, adhimattasaddho ca hoti. Tassa aniccānupassanābahulatāya aniccākārato <a name="M2.0462"></a> vuṭṭhānaṃ hotīti so <span class="bld">‘‘animittaṃ vimokkhaṃ paṭilabhatī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Passaddhibahulo</span>ti dukkhānupassanaṃ anuyuñjanto ‘‘dukkhā saṅkhārā, tappaṭipakkhato sukho nirodho’’ti ca manasikāravasena nibbānassa santapaṇītasukhabhāvaṃ adhimuccanto abhiṇhaṃ pītipāmojjasamāyogato passaddhibahulo hoti. Tato ca adhimattasamādhindriyapaṭilābhena rāgapaṇidhiyā dūrībhāvato appaṇihitavimokkhasamadhigamo hotīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘dukkhato…pe… paṭilabhatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Vedabahulo</span>ti anattānupassanaṃ anuyuñjanto attasuññatāya nipuṇañāṇavisayattā ñāṇabahulo hoti. Tato ca adhimattapaññindriyapaṭilābhena mohassa dūrībhāvato suññatavimokkhasamadhigamo hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘anattato…pe… paṭilabhatī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yo aniccānupassanāya nimittavasena saṅkhāre pariggahetvā vipassanaṃ anuyuñjanto yattha idaṃ saṅkhāranimittaṃ sabbaso natthi, taṃ ‘‘animittaṃ nibbāna’’nti animittākārena adhimuccanto vuṭṭhānagāminimaggena ghaṭeti. Tassa maggo animittato nibbānaṃ sacchikarotīti vuccatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘animittākārena nibbānaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā pavatto ariyamaggo’’</span>ti. Svāyaṃ nibbānassa animittākāro neva maggena kato, na vipassanāya, atha kho sabhāvasiddho. Tadārammaṇatāya ca maggo animittoti vuccatīti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘animittāya dhātuyā uppannattā animitto’’</span>ti. Yo dukkhānupassanāvasena paṇidhiyā dūrībhāvakaraṇena appaṇihitaṃ adhimuccanto<a name="V2.0435"></a>, yo anattānupassanāvasena attūpaladdhiyā dūrībhāvakaraṇena suññataṃ adhimuccantoti ca ādinā yojetabbaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘eteneva nayenā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para770"></a><span class="paranum">770</span>. Yadi ariyamaggo tividhampi vimokkhanāmaṃ labhati, atha kasmā <span class="bld">abhidhamme</span> vimokkhadvayameva āgatanti codanaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ panā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">ta</span>nti abhidhamme vimokkhadvayavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Nippariyāyato vipassanāgamanaṃ sandhāyā</span>ti ujukameva vipassanato maggassa nāmāgamanaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Kasmā? Animittavipassanā āgamanīyaṭṭhāne ṭhatvā attano maggassa nāmaṃ dātuṃ na sakkoti. Kāmaṃ <span class="bld">sutte</span> ‘‘animittañca bhāvehi, mānānusayamujjahā’’ti (su. ni. 344) animittavipassanā kathitā, sā pana niccanimittadhuvanimittaattanimittāni <a name="M2.0463"></a> ugghāṭentīpi sayaṃ nimittadhammesu eva caratīti sanimittāva hotīti. Apica abhidhammo nāma paramatthadesanā, animittamaggassa ca paramatthato hetuvekallameva. Aniccānupassanāvasena hi <span class="bld">animittavimokkho</span> kathito. Tattha ca saddhindriyaṃ adhimattaṃ hoti, taṃ ariyamagge ekaṅgampi na hoti, amaggaṅgattā attano maggassa nāmaṃ dātuṃ na sakkoti. Itaresu dukkhānupassanāya vasena <span class="bld">appaṇihitavimokkho,</span> anattānupassanāya vasena <span class="bld">suññatavimokkho</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tesu appaṇihitavimokkhena samādhindriyaṃ, suññatavimokkhena paññindriyaṃ adhimattaṃ hotīti tāni ariyamaggassa aṅgattā attano maggassa nāmaṃ dātuṃ sakkonti, na animittamaggo tadabhāvatoti keci. Ye pana vadanti ‘‘animittamaggo āgamanato nāmaṃ alabhantopi saguṇato ca ārammaṇato ca nāmaṃ labhatī’’ti, tesaṃ matena appaṇihitasuññatamaggāpi saguṇato eva, ārammaṇato eva ca nāmaṃ labheyyunti? Taṃ ayuttaṃ. Kasmā? Maggo hi dvīhi kāraṇehi nāmaṃ labhati sarasato ca paccanīkato cāti, sabhāvato ca paṭipakkhato cāti attho. <span class="bld">Appaṇihitamaggo</span> hi rāgapaṇidhiādīhi vimutto, <span class="bld">suññatamaggo</span> rāgādīhi suñño evāti te sarasato nāmaṃ labhanti. Tathā <span class="bld">appaṇihitamaggo</span> paṇidhissa paṭipakkho, <span class="bld">suññatamaggo</span> attābhinivesassa evāti te paccanīkato nāmaṃ labhanti, <span class="bld">animittamaggo</span> pana rāgādinimittānaṃ, niccanimittādīnaṃ vā abhāvena sarasato eva nāmaṃ labhati, no paccanīkato. Na hi so saṅkhāranimittārammaṇāya aniccānupassanāya paṭipakkho, sā <a name="V2.0436"></a> panassa anulomabhāve ṭhitāti sabbathāpi abhidhammapariyāyena animittamaggo na labbhati. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘taṃ nippariyāyato vipassanāgamanaṃ sandhāyā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā suttantapariyāyena animittamaggo labbhati. Vuṭṭhānagāminī hi vipassanā yaṃ yaṃ sammasantī vuṭṭhānaṃ gacchati, tassa tassa vasena āgamanīyaṭṭhāne ṭhatvā attano maggassa nāmaṃ deti, tattha aniccato vuṭṭhahantassa maggo animitto hoti, dukkhato vuṭṭhahantassa appaṇihito, anattato vuṭṭhahantassa suññato, tasmā suttantasaṃvaṇṇanā esāti katvā idha tayopi vimokkhā uddhaṭā. Yaṃ pana <span class="bld">paṭisambhidāmagge</span> abhinivesanimittapaṇidhimuñcanaṃ upādāya tissannampi anupassanānaṃ tadāgamanavasena tadanvayassa maggassa ca suññatavimokkhādibhāvo niddiṭṭho, tassa pariyāyabhāve <a name="M2.0464"></a> vattabbameva natthīti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vipassanāñāṇaṃ hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Vipassanāñāṇaṃ paṭisambhidāmagge ‘‘appaṇihito, vimokkho’’ti ca kiñcāpi vuttanti sambandho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aniccānupassanāñāṇa</span>nti ‘‘aniccā saṅkhārā’’ti anupassanāvasena pavattañāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Niccato abhinivesaṃ muñcatī</span>ti ‘‘te niccā’’ti niccākārato pavattamicchābhinivesaviddhaṃsanavasena, tadanvayaṃ pana maggañāṇaṃ samucchedavasena muñcati. <span class="bld">Itī</span>ti tasmā. Aniccābhinivesato rittatāya, vimuttatāya ca <span class="bld">suññato vimokkho</span>. Sesapadesupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ta</span>nti tividhaṃ vipassanāñāṇaṃ. Tattha yassa pariyāyato, yassa ca nippariyāyato nāmalābho, taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘saṅkhāranimittassā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Na nippariyāyena,</span> atha kho pariyāyenāti attho. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti nippariyāyakathābhāvato. <span class="bld">Vimokkhadvayameva vuttaṃ</span> abhidhammeti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti etasmiṃ vipassanādhikāre. ‘‘Tividhavimokkhamukhabhāvaṃ āpajjitvā’’ti etasmiṃ vā uddesavacane.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para771"></a><span class="paranum">771</span>. <span class="bld">Tesaṃ vibhāgāyā</span>ti tesaṃ yathāvuttānaṃ sattannaṃ ariyapuggalānaṃ saddhānusāriādibhāvena vibhattasabhāvatāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para772"></a><span class="paranum">772</span>. <span class="bld">Saddhindriyaṃ paṭilabhatī</span>ti saddhānusāribhāvitākāraṇabhūtaṃ adhimattaṃ saddhindriyaṃ paṭilabhati. Adhimokkhabahulatāya, saddhindriyādhimattatāya ca kāraṇaṃ heṭṭhā vuttameva. Apica ayamettha <a name="V2.0437"></a> saṅkhepattho – aniccākārasallakkhaṇassa saddhābhibuddhiyā upanissayabhāvato tadanvaye magge saddhā tikkhatarā hoti, tena aṭṭhamako <span class="bld">saddhānusārī</span> nāma hoti. <span class="bld">Sesesu sattasu ṭhānesū</span>ti paṭhamaphalato paṭṭhāya yāva aggaphalā sattasu ṭhānesu. ‘‘Sattasu ṭhānesū’’ti kasmā vuttaṃ, nanu sesesu chasu ṭhānesu saddhāvimutto, aggaphale pana sacāyaṃ arūpajjhānalābhī, ubhatobhāgavimutto hoti, no ce arūpajjhānalābhī, paññāvimutto, na saddhāvimutto. <span class="bld">Abhidhamme</span> hi –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Katamo ca puggalo <span class="bld">saddhāvimutto</span>? Idhekacco puggalo ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’ti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’ti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Tathāgatappaveditā cassa dhammā paññāya diṭṭhā <a name="M2.0465"></a> honti, paññāya cassa disvā ekacce āsavā parikkhīṇā honti, no ca kho yathādiṭṭhippattassa. Ayaṃ vuccati puggalo saddhāvimutto’’ti (pu. pa. 208) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Ekaccāsavaparikkhayavacanato saddhāvimuttassa sekkhabhāvo viññāyati, na asekkhabhāvo. Aṭṭhakathāyañca ‘‘dve dhurāni, dve abhinivesā, dve sīsānī’’ti vacanato natthi arahato saddhāvimuttatāti? Saccametaṃ nippariyāyato. Nippariyāyakathā hi abhidhammo, idha pana pariyāyena evaṃ vuttaṃ. Yadi pariyāyato arahato saddhāvimuttatā, ko pana so pariyāyo? Saddhāvimuttanvayatā. Yo hi aggamaggakkhaṇe saddhāvimutto hoti, so aggaphalakkhaṇepi tadanvayatāya saddhāvimuttoti <span class="bld">paṭisambhidāmagge</span> pariyāyena vuttoti idhāpi tatheva vuttaṃ. Atha vā saddhāvimuttasadisatāya arahā saddhāvimutto. Kā panettha sadisatā? Yathā saddhāvimuttassa sekkhassa kilesakkhayo kuṇṭhena asinā kadalicchedasadiso ‘‘no ca kho yathādiṭṭhippattassā’’ti vacanato, evaṃ tadanvayassāpi arahatoti ayamettha sadisatā. Kiṃ pana nesaṃ kilesapahāne nānattaṃ atthīti? Natthi. Atha kasmā saddhāvimutto diṭṭhippattaṃ na pāpuṇātīti? Āgamanīyanānattena. Diṭṭhippatto hi āgamanamhi kilese vikkhambhento appakasirena akilamanto vikkhambhetuṃ sakkoti, saddhāvimutto kicchena kasirena vikkhambhetuṃ sakkoti. Apica paññāyapi nesaṃ vemattatā. Sā ca yāvatikā labbhatevāti vadanti. Evañca katvā paṭhamamaggādīsu satipi indriyasamatte saddhādīnaṃ tikkhatāvacanampi samatthitaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para773"></a><span class="paranum">773</span>. <span class="bld">So</span>ti <a name="V2.0438"></a> dukkhato vuṭṭhito. <span class="bld">Sabbatthā</span>ti aṭṭhasupi ṭhānesu. Nanu ca aṭṭhakathāyaṃ ‘‘dve dhurānī’’ti niyamitattā paṭhamamaggakkhaṇe saddhānusārī vā siyā, dhammānusārī vā? Idha na saddhānusārī yutto, kāyasakkhitāpi arahato natthi. <span class="bld">Abhidhamme</span> hi –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Katamo ca puggalo <span class="bld">kāyasakkhī</span>? Idhekacco puggalo aṭṭha vimokkhe kāyena phusitvā viharati, paññāya cassa disvā ekacce āsavā parikkhīṇā honti. Ayaṃ vuccati puggalo kāyasakkhī’’ti (pu. pa. 208) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Ekaccāsavaparikkhayavacanato <a name="M2.0466"></a> kāyasakkhino sekkhabhāvova viññāyatīti? Saccametaṃ nippariyāyato, idha pana pariyāyena vuttaṃ. Ko pana so pariyāyoti? Kāyasakkhisadisatā. Upacārarūpajjhānasamādhito hi sātisayaṃ arūpasamādhisamphassaṃ laddhā nibbattīti ekaccāsavaparikkhayaṃ upādāya ‘‘kāyasakkhī’’ti vattabbapuggalena sātisayasamādhisamphassatadadhiṭṭhānāsavaparikkhayasāmaññaṃ apekkhitvā kāyasakkhī viya <span class="bld">kāyasakkhī</span>ti arahā <span class="bld">paṭisambhidāmagge</span> vuttoti idhāpi tameva nayaṃ gahetvā arahatopi kāyasakkhitā vuttā. Suttantasaṃvaṇṇanā hesāti. Nippariyāyena pana paṭhamaphalato paṭṭhāya chasu ṭhānesu kāyasakkhī nāma hoti, so ca kho aṭṭhasamāpattilābhī, na vipassanāyāniko sukkhavipassako, upacāramattalābhī, rūpajjhānamattalābhī vā. <span class="bld">Passaddhibahulo</span>ti ca passaddhisīsena samādhi vuttoti sātisayasamādhilābhī samathayānikova adhippeto, samathayānikasseva ca kāyasakkhibhāvo heṭṭhā vutto. <span class="bld">Arūpajjhāna</span>nti catubbidhaṃ arūpajjhānaṃ. Tattha pana ekampi laddhā arahattaṃ patto ubhatobhāgavimutto eva hotīti imamatthaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘arūpajjhāna’’</span>micceva vuttaṃ, na ‘‘cattāri arūpajjhānānī’’ti. Tenāyaṃ catunnaṃ arūpasamāpattīnaṃ, nirodhasamāpattiyā ca vasena pañcavidho hoti. Esa nayo kāyasakkhimhipi. Dvīhi bhāgehi dve vāre vimuttoti <span class="bld">ubhatobhāgavimutto</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para774"></a><span class="paranum">774</span>. Paññavato nipuṇatarā, gambhīrā ca atthā pākaṭā hutvā upaṭṭhahantīti anattato manasi karoto vedabahulatā, paññindriyapaṭilābho ca vutto. <span class="bld">Dhammānusārī hoti</span> paññindriyassa adhimattattā. Paññā hi idha ‘‘dhammo’’ti adhippetā ‘‘saccaṃ dhammo dhiti cāgo’’tiādīsu viya (jā. 1.1.57).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para775"></a><span class="paranum">775</span>. Yassā <a name="V2.0439"></a> pāḷiyā vasena idha ariyapuggalassa saddhāvimuttādibhāvo vutto, taṃ pāḷiṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vuttaṃ heta’’</span>ntiādi āraddhaṃ, taṃ suviññeyyameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para776"></a><span class="paranum">776</span>. ‘‘Saddhindriyassa adhimattattā saddhāvimutto’’ti evamādiatthassa sādhakaṃ <span class="bld">aparampi vuttaṃ. ‘‘Saddahanto vimutto’’</span>ti etena sabbathā avimuttassa <a name="M2.0467"></a> saddhāmattena vimuttabhāvadassanena saddhāvimuttassa sekkhabhāvameva vibhāveti. <span class="bld">Saddhāvimutto</span>ti vā saddhāya adhimuttoti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Phuṭṭhantaṃ sacchikato</span>ti phuṭṭhānaṃ anantaraṃ phuṭṭhanto, phuṭṭhānaṃ arūpajjhānānaṃ anantaro kāloti adhippāyo, accantasaṃyoge cetaṃ upayogavacanaṃ, phuṭṭhānantarakālameva sacchikaraṇūpāyena sacchikātabbaṃ sacchākāsīti vuttaṃ hoti. Bhāvanapuṃsakaṃ vā etaṃ yathā ‘‘ekamanta’’nti (pārā. 2). Yo hi arūpajjhānena rūpakāyato, nāmakāyekadesato ca vikkhambhanavimokkhena vimutto, tena nirodhasaṅkhāto vimokkho ālocito pakāsito viya hoti, na pana kāyena sacchikato, nirodhaṃ pana ārammaṇaṃ katvā ekaccesu āsavesu khepitesu tena so sacchikatova hoti. Tasmā so sacchikātabbaṃ yathāālocitaṃ nāmakāyena sacchākāsīti <span class="bld">kāyasakkhī</span>ti vuccati, na tu vimutto ekaccānaṃ āsavānaṃ aparikkhīṇattā. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhantaṃ patto</span>ti dassanasaṅkhātassa sotāpattimaggañāṇassa anantaraṃ pattoti vuttaṃ hoti. Paṭhamaphalato paṭṭhāya hi yāva aggamaggā diṭṭhippattoti. <span class="bld">‘‘Diṭṭhiyā patto’’</span>ti vā pāṭho, catusaccadassanasaṅkhātāya diṭṭhiyā nirodhaṃ pattoti attho. Ime ca saddhāvimuttādayo tayo paramatthato apariyositañāṇakiccāti taṃ nayaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘saddahanto vimuccatī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Jhānaphassa</span>nti sātisayaṃ jhānaphassaṃ. Tena arūpajjhānaphasso saṅgahito hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Dukkhā saṅkhārā</span>ti <span class="bld">ñātaṃ hotī’’</span>ti iminā dukkhasaccapaṭivedhamāha, <span class="bld">‘‘sukho nirodho</span>ti <span class="bld">ñātaṃ hotī’’</span>ti iminā nirodhasaccapaṭivedhaṃ. Tadubhayena ca samudayamaggasaccapaṭivedhaṃ nānantariyakabhāvato. <span class="bld">‘‘Ñātaṃ hotī’’</span>ti iminā dutiyamaggakiccaṃ, <span class="bld">‘‘diṭṭhaṃ hotī’’</span>ti iminā tatiyamaggakiccaṃ, <span class="bld">‘‘viditaṃ hotī’’</span>ti iminā catutthamaggakiccaṃ, <span class="bld">‘‘sacchikata’’</span>nti iminā paṭhamaphalakiccaṃ, <span class="bld">‘‘phusita’’</span>nti iminā sesaphaladvayakiccaṃ. Iti diṭṭhippattassa maggaphalañāṇabyāpāradassanāni imāni padānīti vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para777"></a><span class="paranum">777</span>. <span class="bld">Itaresū</span>ti <a name="V2.0440"></a> saddhānusāriādipadesu. <span class="bld">Saddhaṃ anusaratī</span>ti āgamanīyaṭṭhāne ṭhitaṃ saddhaṃ anugacchati. Yathā sā tikkhā sūrā ahosi<a name="M2.0468"></a>, maggakkhaṇepi tadanurūpameva pavattetīti attho. <span class="bld">Saddhāya vā anusaratī</span>ti saddhāya kāraṇabhūtāya saccapaṭivedhassa anurūpaṃ sarati gacchati, paṭipajjatīti attho. Dvīhipi atthavikappehi saddhāya adhimattataṃyeva vibhāveti. <span class="bld">Dhammānusārī</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Ubhatobhāgavimutto</span>ti dvīhi bhāgehi dve vāre vimutto, rūpakāyato ca nāmakāyato ca vikkhambhanavasena, samucchedavasena ca vimuttoti attho. Arūpajjhānena rūpakāyato ca nāmakāyekadesato ca vimutto, ariyamaggena nāmakāyato vimuttoti ubhohi bhāgehi dve vāre vimuttattā ubhatobhāgavimutto. <span class="bld">Pajānanto vimutto</span>ti paṭhamajjhānaphassena vinā parijānanādippakārehi cattāri ariyasaccāni jānanto paṭivijjhanto tesaṃ kiccānaṃ matthakappattiyā niṭṭhitakiccatāya visesena muttoti vimutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ayaṃ panettha nippariyāyato saṅkhepakathā – yassa aniccākārato vuṭṭhānaṃ hoti, so adhimokkhabahulo saddhindriyassa tikkhabhāvena paṭhamamaggakkhaṇe <span class="bld">saddhānusārī</span> nāma hoti, majjhe chasu ṭhānesu <span class="bld">saddhāvimutto</span>. Aggaphalakkhaṇe <span class="bld">paññāvimutto</span> nāma hoti. Tathā yassa dukkhākārato vuṭṭhānaṃ hoti, tassa passaddhibahulatāya samādhindriyaṃ adhimattaṃ hoti dukkhupanisāya saddhāyapi tibbatarattā, dhuraniyamato ca. Sopi paṭhamamaggakkhaṇe <span class="bld">saddhānusārī</span> eva hoti, majjhe chasu ṭhānesu <span class="bld">saddhāvimutto,</span> ante <span class="bld">paññāvimutto</span> ca hoti. Yassa pana anattākārato vuṭṭhānaṃ hoti, so vedabahulo paññindriyassa tikkhabhāvena paṭhamamaggakkhaṇe <span class="bld">dhammānusārī</span> eva hoti, majjhe chasu ṭhānesu <span class="bld">diṭṭhippatto,</span> ante <span class="bld">paññāvimutto</span> eva hoti. Ime pana na aṭṭhavimokkhalābhino, aṭṭhavimokkhalābhī pana paṭhamamaggakkhaṇe <span class="bld">saddhānusārī</span> vā <span class="bld">dhammānusārī</span> vā siyā. Majjhe chasu ṭhānesu <span class="bld">kāyasakkhī,</span> pariyosāne <span class="bld">ubhatobhāgavimutto</span>ti.</p>
<p class="centered">Saṅkhārupekkhāñāṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para778"></a><span class="paranum">778</span>. Yaṃ taṃ vimokkhamukhabhāvaṃ āpajjitvā sattaariyapuggalavibhāgāya ca paccayo hotīti vuttaṃ, <span class="bld">taṃ panetaṃ</span> saṅkhārupekkhāñāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Purimena ñāṇadvayenā</span>ti muñcitukamyatāpaṭisaṅkhānupassanāñāṇadvayena <span class="bld">atthato</span> <a name="M2.0469"></a> <span class="bld">ekaṃ,</span> pavattiākārabhedato nānanti adhippāyo. Yathāvuttamatthaṃ aṭṭhakathāya, pāḷiyā ca sādhetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tenāhū’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Muñcitukamyatāmuñcanupāyakaraṇañāṇānipi saṅkhāresu udāsīnabhāveneva pavattanato saṅkhārupekkhāsamaññāneva hontīti <a name="V2.0441"></a> vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘idaṃ saṅkhārupekkhāñāṇaṃ ekameva tīṇi nāmāni labhatī’’</span>ti. Tena saṅkhārupekkhāvohāro muñcitukamyatādiñāṇasamudāyavisayoti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para780"></a><span class="paranum">780</span>. <span class="bld">Uppādādīnī</span>ti uppādapavattādiapadesena vutte saṅkhāre. <span class="bld">Pariccajitukāmatā</span>ti tappaṭibandhachandarāgappahānena vissajjitukāmatā. <span class="bld">Paṭisaṅkhāna</span>nti punappunaṃ tīraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Muñcitvā</span>ti nirālayabhāvāpattiyā apekkhāvissajjanavasena vissajjitvā. <span class="bld">Avasāne</span>ti tathākaraṇassa uttarakālaṃ. Yāva nibbānasampakkhandanā na ijjhati, tāva vicinanepi udāsīnatāya ñāṇassa santānavasena pavattiṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘ajjhupekkhanaṃ santiṭṭhanā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Eva</span>nti ajjhupekkhanākārasāmaññato ‘‘muñcitukamyatā ca sā santiṭṭhanā cā’’ti vuttākārena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para781"></a><span class="paranum">781</span>. <span class="bld">Ime dhammā</span>ti ime ñāṇasaṅkhātā dhammā, ñāṇapariyāyo vā idha dhamma-saddo, tasmā imāni ñāṇānīti attho. <span class="bld">Ekattā</span>ti ekasabhāvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para782"></a><span class="paranum">782</span>. <span class="bld">Vuṭṭhānagāminī hoti</span> vuṭṭhānagamanato. <span class="bld">Saṅkhārupekkhādiñāṇattayassā</span>ti saṅkhārupekkhānulomagotrabhusaññitassa ñāṇattayassa. Kiccavasena pavattiṭṭhānavasenapi lokiyañāṇānaṃ upari ṭhitattā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘uttamabhāvaṃ pattattā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Nimittabhūtato</span>ti vipassanāya ārammaṇabhūtato khandhapañcakato. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘abhiniviṭṭhavatthuto’’</span>ti. Tañhi vipassanāya gocarakaraṇasaṅkhātena abhinivesena abhiniviṭṭhavatthunti pavuccati. Taṃ panetaṃ sasantatipariyāpannampi parato diṭṭhitāya ‘‘bahiddhā’’ti vuttaṃ. Tadeva hi ‘‘bahiddhā sabbanimittānī’’ti tattha tattha vuccati. <span class="bld">Ajjhattapavattato</span>ti sasantāne micchādiṭṭhipavattanaādito, tadanuvattakakilesakkhandhehi ca. Tañhi sasantatiyaṃ kilesappavattabhāvato, tannimittaṃ asati maggabhāvanāya uppajjanakaupādinnakkhandhapavattabhāvato ca tathā vuttaṃ. Vuṭṭhahanañca nesaṃ ārammaṇākaraṇaṃ, āyatiṃ anuppattidhammatāpādanañca. <span class="bld">Ghaṭiyati</span> attano anantarameva maggasamuppattito.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para783"></a><span class="paranum">783</span>. <span class="bld">Tatrā</span>ti <a name="M2.0470"></a> tasmiṃ ‘‘abhiniviṭṭhavatthuto vuṭṭhahanato’’ti saṅkhepavacane. Ajjhattabahiddhā rūpārūpapapañcakkhandhalakkhaṇattayavasena ayaṃ <span class="bld">mātikā</span> uddeso. <span class="bld">Ajjhattaṃ abhinivisitvā</span>ti sasantatipariyāpannesu khandhesu vipassanaṃ paṭṭhapetvā. <span class="bld">‘‘Ajjhattā vuṭṭhātī’’</span>ti idaṃ <a name="V2.0442"></a> vuṭṭhānagāminiyā ajjhattadhammārammaṇattā pariyāyato vuttaṃ, nippariyāyato pana maggo sabbatopi vuṭṭhāti. <span class="bld">Bahiddhā vuṭṭhātī</span>tiādīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Ekappahārenā</span>ti ekajjhaṃ, taṃ pana ajjhattādivibhāgaṃ akatvā ‘‘yaṃ kiñci samudayadhammaṃ, sabbaṃ taṃ nirodhadhamma’’nti (dī. ni. 1.298; saṃ. ni. 5.1081; mahāva. 16; paṭi. ma. 2.30) avibhāgena vuṭṭhānagāminiyā pavattivasena veditabbaṃ, tayidaṃ satthu sammukhā desanānusārena ñāṇaṃ pesentassa ñāṇuttarassa sambhavatīti vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para784"></a><span class="paranum">784</span>. <span class="bld">Suddhaajjhattadassanamatteneva maggavuṭṭhānaṃ na hoti</span> mamaṃkāravatthunopi pariññeyyattā maggasaṅkhātaṃ vuṭṭhānaṃ, maggena vā vuṭṭhānaṃ <span class="bld">maggavuṭṭhānaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para785"></a><span class="paranum">785</span>. <span class="bld">Rāsiṃ katvā</span>ti bhūtupādāyavasena duvidhaṃ antarabhedavasena anekabhedampi ‘‘ruppanaṭṭhena rūpa’’nti piṇḍato gahetvā. Yathā rūpe vipassanābhiniveso yebhuyyena vipassanāyānikassa, evaṃ arūpe vipassanābhiniveso yebhuyyena samathayānikassa hoti. <span class="bld">Abhiniveso</span>ti ca vipassanāya pubbabhāge kattabbanāmarūpaparicchedo veditabbo. Tasmā paṭhamaṃ rūpapariggaṇhanaṃ rūpe abhiniveso. Esa nayo sesesupi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para786"></a><span class="paranum">786</span>. <span class="bld">Yaṃ kiñci samudayadhammaṃ, sabbaṃ taṃ nirodhadhamma</span>nti kāmaṃ udayabbayapariggaṇhanaṃ abhinivesoti dassitaṃ, yathāupaṭṭhite pana rūpārūpadhamme, tesañca paccaye pariggahetvā saṅkhepeneva vipassanāñāṇaṃ cārento ñāṇuttaro yathānisinnova ñāṇapaṭipāṭiyā khippameva saccāni paṭivijjhanto ekappahārena pañcahi khandhehi vuṭṭhāti nāma. Aññathā ekeneva lokiyacittena pañcannaṃ khandhānaṃ pariggahaparijānanādīnaṃ asambhavato. Na hi sanidassanasappaṭighādiṃ ekajjhaṃ ārammaṇaṃ kātuṃ sakkā. Yassa pana ekavāraṃ ñāṇena phassitaṃ, puna taṃ phassitabbameva, tādisassa vasena vuttanti vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para788"></a><span class="paranum">788</span>. Ettha <a name="M2.0471"></a> ca abhiniveso akāraṇaṃ vuṭṭhānameva pamāṇaṃ, tasmā heṭṭhā vuttavimokkhaariyapuggalavibhāgāpi vuṭṭhānavasena sambhavantīti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ettha ca yopī’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">tayopi janā</span>ti vuṭṭhānavasena bhede asatipi abhinivesavaseneva laddhaṃ bhedaṃ gahetvā vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para789"></a><span class="paranum">789</span>. <span class="bld">Saddhiṃ</span> <a name="V2.0443"></a> <span class="bld">purimapacchimañāṇehī</span>ti bhayatupaṭṭhānādipurimañāṇehi ceva gotrabhuādipacchimañāṇehi ca saha. <span class="bld">Uddāna</span>nti uddeso.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yattha katthaci…pe… vaṭṭeyyuṃ</span> taṃtaṃñāṇaṭṭhāniyassa upamāvatthuno labbhanato. <span class="bld">Imasmiṃ pana ṭhāne</span>ti imasmiṃ vuṭṭhānagāminivipassanāpadese. <span class="bld">Sabba</span>nti sabbaṃ ñāṇaṃ, sabbaṃ vā ñāṇakiccaṃ pākaṭaṃ hoti vemajjhe ṭhatvā vibhāviyamānattā. <span class="bld">Vuttā</span> visuddhikathāyaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para790"></a><span class="paranum">790</span>. <span class="bld">Nilīyitvā</span>ti upavisitvā. <span class="bld">Parāmasitvā</span>ti vīmaṃsitvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gayhupagaṃ adisvā</span>ti gahaṇayoggaṃ niccasārādiṃ adisvā. Cittassa vaṅkabhāvakarānaṃ māyādīnaṃ suṭṭhu vikkhambhanena anulomassa ujukasākhāsadisatā. Nibbānālocanato gotrabhuñāṇassa uddhaṃ ullokanasadisatā. Appatiṭṭhe nibbāne patiṭṭhitattā maggañāṇassa ākāse uppatanasadisatā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para791"></a><span class="paranum">791</span>. <span class="bld">Sappavissajjanaṃ viya gotrabhuñāṇaṃ</span> sabbasaṅkhāragataṃ vissajjitvā nibbānassa ālambanato. <span class="bld">Āgatamaggaṃ olokentassa ṭhānaṃ viya maggañāṇaṃ</span> asammohapaṭivedhavasena attanopi dassanato. <span class="bld">Abhayaṭṭhāne ṭhāna</span>nti abhayaṭṭhānaṃ sampattamāha, na tassa pāpuṇapaṭipattiṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para792"></a><span class="paranum">792</span>. Attatthādīnaṃ anavabujjhanato ‘‘ahaṃ, mamā’’ti gahaṇassa niddokkamanasadisatā. <span class="bld">Muñcitukamyatā</span>ggahaṇeneva paṭisaṅkhā santiṭṭhanāpi gahitā. Tissannampi tāsaṃ saṃsārato nikkhamanādhimuttatāya nikkhamanamaggolokanasadisatā. Magge diṭṭhe maggapaṭipatti viya anulome siddhe maggo siddho evāti anulomassa maggadassanasadisatā. Saṅkhāranimittato nikkhantattā ādittagharato <span class="bld">nikkhamanaṃ viya gotrabhuñāṇaṃ. Vegena</span> <span class="bld">gamanaṃ</span> <a name="M2.0472"></a> <span class="bld">viya maggañāṇaṃ</span> vissajjetabbagahetabbapadesesu sādhanakiccavisesayogato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para793"></a><span class="paranum">793</span>. Parato na mamāyitabbato ca passitabbānaṃ khandhānaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ahaṃ, mamā’’</span>ti gahaṇassa rājagoṇānaṃ sakagahaṇasadisatā vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para794"></a><span class="paranum">794</span>. Sabhaye <a name="V2.0444"></a> abhayadassanahetutāya khandhānaṃ ‘‘ahaṃ, mamā’’ti gahaṇassa yakkhiniyā saṃvāsasadisatā. <span class="bld">Susānavijahanaṃ viya</span> saṅkhārasusānaṃ vijahitvā nibbānārammaṇavasena pavattaṃ <span class="bld">gotrabhu</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para795"></a><span class="paranum">795</span>. <span class="bld">Puttagiddhinī</span>ti puttavacchalā. <span class="bld">Ottappamānā</span>ti sārajjayamānā. Oḷārikaoḷārikalobhakkhandhādivikkhambhanena saṅkhārapariccajanato anulomassa tattheva dārakoropanasadisatā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para796"></a><span class="paranum">796</span>. <span class="bld">Vuṭṭhānagāminiyā…pe… dassanatthaṃ vuttā,</span> na purimāsu viya bhayatupaṭṭhānādīsu ṭhitassa bhāyanādiākāradassanatthanti adhippāyo. Aparāparuppattito, cirānubandhato, dussahato ca vaṭṭadukkhasadisaṃ jighacchādukkhanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘saṃsāravaṭṭajighacchāyā’’</span>ti. Kāyagatāsati eva bhojanaṃ <span class="bld">kāyagatāsatibhojanaṃ</span>. Sā panettha maggasampayuttā sammāsati kāyānupassanādikiccasādhanavasena amatarasaparibhogatāya ca <span class="bld">‘‘amatarasaṃ kāyagatāsatibhojana’’</span>nti vuttā. Tenāha bhagavā ‘‘amataṃ te, bhikkhave, paribhuñjanti, ye kāyagatāsatiṃ paribhuñjantī’’tiādi (a. ni. 1.600).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Phalarasāmalakasiṅgīveramuggamāsādi <span class="bld">anekaṅgasambhāraṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kapaṇāseribhāvādikaraṇena taṇhāsinehassa sītasadisatā. <span class="bld">Maggateja</span>nti ariyamaggasaṅkhātaṃ indaggiṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Rāgaggiādayo ekādasaggī vūpasamanti etthāti <span class="bld">ekādasaggivūpasamaṃ,</span> nibbānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Andhakārapareto</span>ti caturaṅgasamannāgatena andhakārena kiñci attatthaṃ vā paratthaṃ vā kātuṃ asakkuṇeyyabhāvena abhibhūto. Ñāṇamayo āloko etissāti <span class="bld">ñāṇālokā,</span> maggabhāvanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Amatabhūtaṃ<a name="M2.0473"></a>, amatabhāvasādhakaṃ vā osadhaṃ <span class="bld">amatosadhaṃ,</span> nibbānaṃ. Heṭṭhā attanā vuttameva saṅkhārupekkhābyāpāraṃ nigamanavasena dassento <span class="bld">‘‘tena vutta’’</span>ntiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para797"></a><span class="paranum">797</span>. Nirālayatāya <a name="V2.0445"></a> taṇhāvasena bhavādīsu avisaṭajjhāsayo hutvā tato saṅkucitacitto patilīnabhāvena carati pavattatīti patilīnacaro, tassa <span class="bld">patilīnacarassa</span>. Saṃsāre bhayassa ikkhanatāya <span class="bld">bhikkhuno</span> kāyacittavivekasiddhiyā <span class="bld">vivittamāsanaṃ bhajamānassa. Sāmaggiya</span>nti yuttaṃ, patirūpanti attho. <span class="bld">Bhavane</span>ti kāmabhavādike tividhepi bhave. So hi idha bhavanaṭṭhena bhavanti vutto. <span class="bld">Na dassaye</span>ti anuppajjanavasena na dasseyya. <span class="bld">Tassa taṃ</span> adassanaṃ sāmaggiyanti buddhādayo ariyā <span class="bld">āhū</span>ti yojanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Niyametvā</span>ti niyataṃ ekaṃsikaṃ katvā. Bojjhaṅgavisesaṃ, maggaṅgavisesaṃ, jhānaṅgavisesaṃ, paṭipadāvisesaṃ, vimokkhavisesanti visesasaddo paccekaṃ yojetabbo. <span class="bld">Visesa</span>nti chasattabhāvo sattaṭṭhabhāvo pañcādibhāvoti imaṃ yathākkamaṃ bojjhaṅgādīnaṃ ariyamagge labbhamānabhedaṃ. <span class="bld">Pādakajjhāna</span>nti maggassa āsannavuṭṭhānagāminiyā vipassanāya padaṭṭhānabhūtaṃ jhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Vipassanāya ārammaṇabhūtā</span>ti maggāsannāya eva vuṭṭhānagāminiyā vipassanāya gocarabhūtā vipassitā. <span class="bld">Puggalajjhāsayo</span>ti ubhinnaṃ bhede sati vipassakassa ajjhāsayo. Ettha ca paṭhamaṃ <span class="bld">kecī</span>ti vutto tipiṭakacūḷanāgatthero. Dutiyaṃ <span class="bld">kecī</span>ti vutto moravāpīvāsimahādattatthero. Tatiyaṃ <span class="bld">kecī</span>ti vutto tipiṭakacūḷābhayatthero.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tesampi vādesu ayaṃ pubbabhāgavuṭṭhānagāminivipassanā niyametiyevāti veditabbā</span>. Kasmā? Vipassanāniyameneva hi paṭhamattheravādepi apādakapaṭhamajjhānapādakamaggā paṭhamajjhānikāva honti, itare ca dutiyajjhānikādimaggā pādakajjhānavipassanāniyamehi taṃtaṃjhānikāva tato tato dutiyādipādakajjhānato uppannassa saṅkhārupekkhāñāṇassa pādakajjhānātikkantānaṃ aṅgānaṃ asamāpajjitukāmatāvirāgabhāvanābhāvato, itarassa ca atabbhāvato. Yathā hi maggāsannāya vipassanāya somanassasahagatatte maggassa paṭhamādijhānikatā ca upekkhāsahagatatte pañcamajjhānikatā eva ca hoti, tato ca bojjhaṅgādīnaṃ <a name="M2.0474"></a> visesoti tesaṃ niyamane āsannakāraṇaṃ, padhānakāraṇañca vuṭṭhānagāminivipassanā, na evaṃ pādakajjhānādayo. Yasmā pana pādakajjhānena vinā vipassanāva imaṃ yathāvuttavisesaṃ niyametuṃ na sakkoti, vuttanayena pana padhānakāraṇaṃ hotiyeva, tasmā ‘‘vuṭṭhānagāminivipassanāva niyametī’’ti avatvā ‘‘vuṭṭhānagāminivipassanā niyametiyevā’’ti vuttaṃ. Evaṃ sesavādesupi vipassanāniyamo yathāsambhavaṃ yojetabbo. Yathā hi pādakajjhānātikkantānaṃ aṅgānaṃ asamāpajjitukāmatāvirāgabhāvanābhūtā <a name="V2.0446"></a> vuṭṭhānagāminivipassanā adhiṭṭhānabhūtena pādakajjhānena āhitavisesā maggassa bojjhaṅgādivisesaniyāmikā hoti, evaṃ ārammaṇabhūtasammasitajjhānātikkantānaṃ aṅgānaṃ jigucchanākāravirāgabhāvanābhūtā sammasitajjhānena āhitavisesā, ubhayasabbhāve ajjhāsayavasena tato aññatarena āhitavisesā ca vuṭṭhānagāminivipassanā maggassa bojjhaṅgādivisesaṃ niyametīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para798"></a><span class="paranum">798</span>. <span class="bld">Tatra</span> tasmiṃ bojjhaṅgādivisesaniyamane. Ajhānalābhī suddhavipassanāyānikova sukkhavipassako. So hi jhānasinehena vipassanāya asiniddhabhāvato sukkhā lūkhā vipassanā etassāti <span class="bld">sukkhavipassako</span>ti vuccati. <span class="bld">Pakiṇṇakasaṅkhāre</span>ti pādakajjhānato aññe saṅkhāre. Tena pādakajjhānasaṅkhāresu sammasitesu vattabbameva natthīti dasseti. <span class="bld">‘‘Paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ pādakaṃ katvā’’</span>ti hi vuttaṃ. Ettha ca sukkhavipassakādiggahaṇaṃ vipassanāniyamassa ekantikabhāvadassanatthaṃ. Na hi vuṭṭhānagāminiṃ vinā kevalaṃ pādakajjhānādayo niyamahetū diṭṭhā, vuṭṭhānagāminī pana pādakajjhānādīnaṃ abhāvepi sukkhavipassakādīnaṃ maggassa paṭhamajjhānikabhāvahetu, tasmā sā bojjhaṅgādivisesaniyamane ekantikahetūti. Idāni yathāvuttamatthaṃ pākaṭataraṃ kātuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tesaṃ hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ viseso</span>ti ayaṃ jhānādīnaṃ caturaṅgikādiviseso, na pubbe viya vipassanāniyameneva, atha kho pādakajjhānaniyamena ceva vipassanāniyamena ca. <span class="bld">Tesampī</span>ti pañcakanaye dutiyatatiyacatutthajjhānāni pādakāni katvā uppāditamaggānampi. <span class="bld">‘‘Āsannapadese’’</span>ti iminā vipassakena antarantarā paviṭṭhasamāpattiyā vasena ayaṃ viseso natthīti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para799"></a><span class="paranum">799</span>. <span class="bld">Tatrāpi</span> <a name="M2.0475"></a> <span class="bld">cā</span>ti dutiyattheravādepi. Taṃtaṃsamāpattisadisatā taṃtaṃsammasitasaṅkhāravipassanāniyamehi hoti. Tatrāpi hi vipassanā taṃtaṃvirāgāvirāgabhāvanābhāvena somanassasahagatā, upekkhāsahagatā ca hutvā jhānaṅgādiniyamaṃ maggassa karotīti evaṃ vipassanāniyamo vuttanayeneva veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para800"></a><span class="paranum">800</span>. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti taṃtaṃjhānasadisabhavaṃ. <span class="bld">Svāyamattho</span> pādakajjhānasammasitajjhānupanissayehi vinā ajjhāsayamattena asijjhanaṃ upanissayena vinā saṅkappamattena sakadāgāmiphalādīnaṃ asijjhanadīpakena <span class="bld">nandakovādena dīpetabbo</span>. Tattha hi yathā sotāpannāyapi paripuṇṇasaṅkappataṃ vadantena <a name="V2.0447"></a> bhagavatā ‘‘yassa yassa upanissayo atthi, tassa tasseva ajjhāsayo niyāmako, nāññassā’’ti tena tena paripuṇṇasaṅkappatā hoti, na tato paraṃ, saṅkappasabbhāve satipi asijjhanatoti ayamattho dīpito, evamidhāpi yassa yassa dutiyādijhānikassa maggassa yathāvutto upanissayo atthi, tassa tasseva ajjhāsayo niyāmako, nāññassa satipi tasmiṃ asijjhanato. Imasmiṃ pana vāde pādakasammasitajjhānupanissayasabbhāve ajjhāsayo ekantena hoti taṃtaṃphalūpanissayasabbhāve taṃtaṃsaṅkappo viyāti tadabhāvābhāvato ‘‘ajjhāsayo niyametī’’ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Etthāpī</span>ti tatiyattheravādepi. <span class="bld">Vuttanayenevā</span>ti ‘‘yato yato samāpattito vuṭṭhāyā’’tiādinā vuttanayena. Tasmā ‘‘tatrāpi hi vipassanā’’tiādinā idha vuttanayena tadattho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para801"></a><span class="paranum">801</span>. Evaṃ vipassanāya bojjhaṅgādiniyāmikataṃ dassetvā idāni paṭipadādiniyāmikataṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘sace panāya’’</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">aya</span>nti saṅkhārupekkhā vuttā. Sāpi hi kāmaṃ ‘‘imaṃ vāraṃ rocesu’’nti ettha kalāpasammasanāvasāne udayabbayānupassanāya pavattamānāya uppannassa vipassanupakkilesassa tikkhattuṃ vikkhambhanena kicchatāvāraṃ dukkhāpaṭipadāti rocesunti vadanti, <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> pana ‘‘vipassanāñāṇe tikkhe sūre pasanne vahante uppannaṃ vipassanānikantiṃ dukkhena kasirena kilamanto pariyādiyatī’’ti vuttattā pubbabhāge muñcitukamyatādibhāvena pavattamānā <a name="M2.0476"></a> saṅkhārupekkhā attano paṭipakkhe kicchena kasirena vikkhambhentī dukkhāpaṭipadāpakkheyeva tiṭṭhatīti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ādito kilese vikkhambhayamānā’’</span>tiādi. Keci pana ‘‘yena ñāṇena vipassanupakkilesā vikkhambhitā, tena saddhiṃ idaṃ ñāṇaṃ ekattanayavasena ekaṃ katvā <span class="bld">‘ādito kilese vikkhambhayamānā’</span>ti vutta’’nti vadanti. <span class="bld">Sappayogenā</span>ti cittappayogasaṅkhātena saussāhanena. <span class="bld">Sasaṅkhārenā</span>ti tasseva vevacanaṃ. Ubhayenāpi vikkhambhanassa kicchasiddhimeva vadati. <span class="bld">Vipariyāyenā</span>ti adukkhena appayogena asaṅkhārena. Maggasaññitaṃ icchitaṭṭhānaṃ anugantvā parivasati vippavasati etthāti parivāso, vipassanā parivāso etassa atthīti <span class="bld">vipassanāparivāso,</span> maggapātubhāvo, taṃ pana sīghaṃ kurumānā khippābhiññā nāma hotīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘saṇika’’</span>nti. Kurumānā ayaṃ saṅkhārupekkhāti yojanā. Yato maggo āgacchati, taṃ āgamanīyaṭṭhānaṃ, tasmiṃ <span class="bld">āgamanīyaṭṭhāne</span>. Maggassa pabhavaṭṭhāne ṭhatvā nāmaṃ detīti sambandho. Dukkhāpaṭipadādandhābhiññādivipassanānayo añño, añño eva maggoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘attano attano maggassā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tena</span> āgamanato laddhanāmena ‘‘dukkhāpaṭipadā <a name="V2.0448"></a> dandhābhiññā’’tiādīni cattāri nāmāni labhati. Na hi maggassa sarasato edisaṃ nāmaṃ atthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sā panāyaṃ</span> vuttappabhedā <span class="bld">paṭipadā. Nānā hotī</span>ti visuṃ visuṃ hoti. Ekassa bhikkhuno <span class="bld">catūsupi maggesu ekāva</span> hotīti niyamo natthi calanato. <span class="bld">Ahesu</span>nti vuttaṃ, amhākaṃ bhagavantaṃ sandhāya hontīti pana vattabbaṃ. Sabbesampi hi sammāsambuddhānaṃ cattāropi maggā sukhāpaṭipadā khippābhiññāva hontīti. Paṭipadāpasaṅgena adhipatimpi dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yathā cā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Adhipatayo</span>ti chandādiadhipatayo. Pubbābhisaṅkhārānurūpañhi maggo paccekaṃ chandādhipateyyo vā hoti vīriyādīsu aññatarādhipateyyo vā, na kassaci niyamo atthi. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kassaci bhikkhuno’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para802"></a><span class="paranum">802</span>. Pubbe vuttappakārato sātisayaṃ katvā anavasesato maggassa nāmalābhe kāraṇaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘apicā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">sarasenā</span>ti sabhāvena attano pavattivisesena. <span class="bld">Paccanīkenā</span>ti paṭipakkhavasena. <span class="bld">Saguṇenā</span>ti attano guṇavasena.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāmañcettha <a name="M2.0477"></a> yathā āgamanena vinā saguṇena, ārammaṇena ca maggassa nāmalābho avavatthito, evaṃ paccanīkena vinā saraseneva nāmalābho, tathāpi sarasādayo paccekaṃ nāmalābhassa kāraṇamevāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sarasena vā’’</span>tiādinā sabbattha aniyamattho <span class="bld">vā</span>-saddo vutto. Te ca asaṅkarato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sace hī’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">sammasitvā</span>ti sammasanahetu. Hetuattho hi ayaṃ <span class="bld">tvā</span>-saddo ‘‘ghataṃ pivitvā balaṃ hoti, sīhaṃ disvā bhayaṃ hotī’’tiādīsu viya, maggakattukāya vuṭṭhānakiriyāya ekantikahetubhūtā saṅkhārupekkhā phalūpacārena <span class="bld">‘‘vuṭṭhātī’’</span>ti vuttā. Yasmā vā saṅkhārupekkhāti vuṭṭhānagāminiyā etaṃ upalakkhaṇaṃ, tadantogadhañca gotrabhuñāṇaṃ nimittato vuṭṭhāti, tasmā vuttaṃ ekattanayena <span class="bld">‘‘sammasitvā vuṭṭhātī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Animittavimokkhena vimuccatī</span>ti animittasaññitena vimuccanena vimuccati, ‘‘maggo’’ti ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Vimuccatī</span>ti vā taṃsamaṅgī ariyapuggalo. Sesadvayepi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Idaṃ sarasato nāmaṃ nāmā</span>ti idaṃ nimittādivirahato animittaṃ appaṇihitaṃ suññatanti tividhampi maggassa sabhāvato siddhanāmaṃ nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Esā</span>ti <a name="V2.0449"></a> maggo. So ca kho pubbabhāgamaggena saddhiṃ ekaṃ katvā vutto ekattanayena. <span class="bld">Idaṃ paccanīkato nāmaṃ nāmā</span>ti idaṃ niccanimittādīnaṃ paṇidhiyā, attasaññāya ca pahānavasena laddhaṃ maggassa animittādināmattayaṃ paṭipakkhato siddhanāmaṃ nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Suññattā</span>ti vivittattā. Na hi magge rāgādayo santi. <span class="bld">Rūpanimittādīna</span>nti rūpanimittavedanānimittādīnaṃ gahetabbānanti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Rāganimittādīna</span>nti etthāpi eseva nayo. Saviggahānaṃ viya upaṭṭhānañhettha nimittanti adhippetaṃ. <span class="bld">Idamassa saguṇato</span> nāmanti idaṃ rāgādivivittattā rūpanimittādipaṇidhiādiabhāvavasena assa maggassa saguṇato siddhaṃ nāmaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Svāya</span>nti so ayaṃ maggo. <span class="bld">Suññata</span>nti sabbasaṅkhārasuññato, attasuññato ca <span class="bld">suññataṃ</span>. Sabbasaṅkhāranimittābhāvato <span class="bld">animittaṃ</span>. Taṇhāpaṇidhiādīnaṃ abhāvena <span class="bld">appaṇihitaṃ. Idamassa ārammaṇato nāma</span>nti yathā sukhārammaṇaṃ rūpaṃ ‘‘sukha’’nti vuccati, evaṃ suññatādināmassa nibbānassa <a name="M2.0478"></a> ārammaṇakaraṇato idaṃ assa maggassa suññatādibhedaṃ ārammaṇato siddhaṃ nāmaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para803"></a><span class="paranum">803</span>. Anattānupassanā attasuññatāya diṭṭhattā sarasato <span class="bld">suññatā nāma</span>. Tassā suññatāvipassanāya maggo vipassanāgamanena <span class="bld">suññato. Animittā nāma</span> niccanimittādīnaṃ ugghāṭanato. <span class="bld">Idaṃ pana</span> maggassa animittanāmaṃ <span class="bld">na abhidhammapariyāyena labbhati</span>. Kiṃ kāraṇaṃ? Abhidhamme sarasaṃ anāmasitvā paccanīkato nāmalābhato. Yo hi saguṇārammaṇehi nāmalābho, so sarasappadhāno hoti, saraseneva ca nāmalābhe sabbamaggānaṃ suññatādibhāvoti vavatthānaṃ na siyā. Tasmā abhidhamme satipi dvīhipi kāraṇehi animittanāmalābhe paccanīkatova nāmavavatthānakaraṇaṃ gayhatīti tadabhāvā na labbhati. Atha vā <span class="bld">na labbhatī</span>ti aññanirapekkhehi saguṇārammaṇehi na labbhati. Kiṃ kāraṇaṃ? Abhidhamme sarasapaccanīkehi sahitehi nāmalābhato. Paccanīkañhi vavatthānakaraṇaṃ anapekkhitvā kevalassa sarasassa nāmahetubhāvo abhidhamme natthi, avavatthānāpattito. Tasmā attābhinivesapaṇidhipaṭipakkhavipassanānulomā maggā satipi sarasantare paccanīkasahitena sarasena nāmaṃ labhanti. Animittamaggassa pana vipassanā nimittapaṭipakkhā na hoti, sayaṃ nimittaggahaṇato nimittaggahaṇānivāraṇāti tadanulomo maggopi na nimittassa paṭipakkho. Yadi siyā, nimittagatavipassanāyapi paṭipakkho siyā, tasmā vijjamānopi saraso vavatthānakarapaccanīkābhāvā abhidhamme animittanāmadāyako <a name="V2.0450"></a> na gayhatīti. Yadi evaṃ, aniccānupassanānulomo maggo abhidhamme asaṅgahito siyāti? Na, suddhikapaṭipadānaye tassa saṅgahitattā. Tasmā eva hi so vutto. Suttante pana pariyāyadesanattā saguṇārammaṇamattenapi nāmaṃ gayhatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘suttantapariyāyena labbhatī’’</span>ti. Yaṃ panettha vattabbaṃ, taṃ heṭṭhā vuttameva. Āgamanavasenapi maggassa animittanāmaṃ labbhatiyevāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tatrā hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Āgamanīyaṭṭhāne</span>ti āgamanapaṭipadāṭhāne. Sesaṃ vuttanayattā uttānamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Saṅkhārupekkhāñāṇaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Anulomañāṇakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para804"></a><span class="paranum">804</span>. <span class="bld">Adhimokkhasaddhā</span>ti <a name="M2.0479"></a> pasādabhūto vatthugato nicchayo adhimokkho. Tasmā tathābhūtā bhāvanāvisesena kiccato adhimattatāya balavatarā nibbattati. <span class="bld">Supaggahita</span>nti suṭṭhu paggahitaṃ. Asallīnaṃ paṭutarabhāvena paṭipakkhavidhamanasamatthaṃ vīriyaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Sūpaṭṭhitā</span>ti tikkhataratāya ārammaṇābhimukhabhāvena suṭṭhu upaṭṭhitā sati hoti. <span class="bld">Susamāhita</span>nti passaddhisukhānaṃ sātisayatāya suṭṭhu samāhitaṃ ārammaṇe sammadeva ṭhapitaṃ appitaṃ viya hoti. <span class="bld">Tikkhatarā</span>ti anulomañāṇuppattiyā paccayo bhavituṃ samatthabhāvena sātisayaṃ tikkhā sūrā. Saṅkhārānaṃ vicinanepi majjhattabhūta<span class="bld">saṅkhārupekkhā</span> paññā <span class="bld">uppajjati. Aniccāti vā…pe… sammasitvā bhavaṅgaṃ otaratī</span>ti aniccādīsu ekenākārena sammasantī sattakkhattuṃ pavattitvā bhijjantī bhavaṅgaṃ otiṇṇā nāma hoti tato paraṃ bhavaṅgassa vāroti katvā. <span class="bld">Saṅkhārupekkhāya katanayenevā</span>ti aniccādinā ālambanakaraṇanayeneva, na sammasitanayena. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ārammaṇaṃ kurumāna’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Āvaṭṭetvā</span>ti nivattetvā cittassa bhavaṅgavasena vattituṃ adatvā. Visadisacittapavattisaṅkhātāya vīciyā abhāvena avīcikā, cittasantati. Kiriyamanodhātuyā hi bhavaṅge āvaṭṭite kiriyamayacittapavattivipākacittuppattiyā savīcikā santarā, na evaṃ manodvārāvajjanenāti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘avīcikaṃ cittasantatiṃ anuppabandhamāna’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Tathevā</span>ti yathā atītāsu dvattiṃsajavanavīthīsu saṅkhārupekkhā ‘‘aniccā’’ti vā ‘‘dukkhā’’ti vā ‘‘anattā’’ti vā saṅkhāre ārammaṇamakāsi, tatheva. <span class="bld">Parikammanti vuccati</span> maggassa parikammattā paṭisaṅkhārakattā<a name="V2.0451"></a>. <span class="bld">Upacāranti vuccati</span> maggassa āsannattā, samīpacārikattā vā. Anulomattaṃ sayameva vadati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ayañca nayo kāmaṃ maggavīthiyaṃ paṭhamajavanassa paṭisaṅkharaṇaṭṭho, dutiyassa tato āsannaṭṭho, tatiyassa heṭṭhimuparimānaṃ anulomaṭṭho ca yuttoti vutto, tathāpi sabbesampi imā samaññā sambhavantīti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘avisesena panā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">āsevana</span>nti ādarena sevanaṃ. <span class="bld">Purimabhāgapacchimabhāgāna</span>nti heṭṭhimānaṃ, uparimānañca dhammakoṭṭhāsānaṃ. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhanna</span>nti udayabbayañāṇādīnaṃ aṭṭhannaṃ. Sabbāpi vipassanā lakkhaṇattayasammasanakiccāva<a name="M2.0480"></a>, idampi tathevāti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tathakiccatāyā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Uparī</span>ti magge. <span class="bld">Bodhipakkhiyadhammānaṃ</span> tathakiccatāya anulometi sammosādipaṭipakkhavidhamanato. Idāni anulomañāṇassa tadubhayakiccānulomaṃ vitthārato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tañhī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha anulomañāṇaṃ saccapaṭicchādakamohakkhandhādīnaṃ <span class="bld">sātisayaṃ</span> vidhamanena lokiyañāṇesu ukkaṃsapariyantagataṃ, tato eva heṭṭhā nibbattitaudayabbayañāṇādīnampi kiccaṃ paṭipakkhadūrībhāvena atthato sādhentameva hutvā pavattati, tathāpavattamānañca tesaṃ kiccaṃ anulomentaṃ viya hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘udayabbayavantānaṃ…pe… tathakiccatāya anulometī’’</span>ti. Tattha <span class="bld">‘‘bhayato upaṭṭhita’’</span>nti imināpi ārammaṇasīsena ñāṇabyāpārameva vadati sappaṭibhayānaṃ saṅkhārānaṃ yathāsabhāvadassanadīpanato. Sesesu pana sattasupi ṭhānesu ñāṇabyāpārova dassito. Yasmā etaṃ anulomañāṇaṃ aniccādīsu aññataralakkhaṇavaseneva saṅkhāre ārabbha pavattati, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘aniccalakkhaṇādivasena saṅkhāre ārabbha pavattattā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tāya paṭipattiyā</span>ti yā sā anulomañāṇassa thūlathūlasaccapaṭicchādakasaṃkilesavikkhambhanapaṭipatti, tāya. Na hi anulomañāṇe tathā anuppanne gotrabhuñāṇaṃ nibbānaṃ ālambituṃ sakkoti, gotrabhuñāṇe vā anuppanne maggañāṇaṃ uppajjatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vuttamatthaṃ opammena pākaṭataraṃ kātuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yathā hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha aṭṭhannaṃ <span class="bld">vohārikamahāmattānaṃ agatigamanaṃ pahāya</span> taṃtaṃvinicchayakaraṇaṃ viya aṭṭhannaṃ ñāṇānaṃ yathāsakaṃ paṭipakkhaṃ pahāya saṅkhāresu udayabbayādipaṭipatti, rañño majjhattabhāvo viya anulomañāṇassa purimapacchimadhammakoṭṭhāsassa anukūlatā. <span class="bld">Tenevā</span>ti heṭṭhimañāṇānaṃ anulomanamukhena uparibodhipakkhiyānaṃ anulomanatoyeva. <span class="bld">Saccānulomikanti vuccati</span> maggasaccassa anulomikattā.</p>
<p class="centered">Anulomañāṇaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Vuṭṭhānagāminīvipassanākathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para805"></a><span class="paranum">805</span>. Kiñci <a name="M2.0481"></a><a name="V2.0452"></a> asaṅkhatārammaṇampi ñāṇaṃ vuṭṭhānagāminiyā ekasaṅgahanti katvā <span class="bld">‘‘saṅkhārārammaṇāyā’’</span>ti visesanaṃ kataṃ. Tañhi visesato vuṭṭhānaṃ ariyamaggaṃ gacchati upetīti vuṭṭhānagāminīti vattabbataṃ labhati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbena sabba’’</span>ntiādi. <span class="bld">Asammohattha</span>nti tattha tattha sutte pariyāyantarehi āgatāya sammohābhāvatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Suttasaṃsandanā</span>ti suttānaṃ tesaṃ tesaṃ suttapadānaṃ anusandānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ye lokiye saṅkhāre ārabbha anulomapariyosānā vuṭṭhānagāminivipassanā pavattati, taṃsannissitā tappaṭibaddhā taṇhā tehi vinā appavattanato tammayā nāma, tammayāva tammayatā, tammayā vā taṇhāsampayuttā khandhā, tesaṃ bhāvo tammayatā, sā eva taṇhā. Tappaṭipakkhā vuṭṭhānagāminivipassanā <span class="bld">atammayatā</span>. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> ‘‘tammayatā nāma taṇhā, tassā pariyādiyanato vuṭṭhānagāminivipassanā atammayatāti vuccatī’’ti (ma. ni. aṭṭha. 3.310). <span class="bld">Nissāyā</span>ti taṃ atammayataṃ nissayaṃ katvā, bhāvetvāti attho. <span class="bld">Ekattā</span>ti ettha ayaṃ pāḷi ‘‘atthi, bhikkhave, upekkhā rūpesu…pe… phoṭṭhabbesu, ayaṃ, bhikkhave, upekkhā nānattā nānattasitā’’ti (ma. ni. 3.310), sayampi nānāsabhāvā, nānārammaṇanissitā cāti attho. Sā pana samādhisampayuttā vipassanupekkhā veditabbā. ‘‘Atthi, bhikkhave, upekkhā ākāsānañcāyatananissitā…pe… nevasaññānāsaññāyatananissitā, ayaṃ, bhikkhave, upekkhā ekattā ekattasitā’’ti (ma. ni. 3.310). Yā hi taṃtaṃarūpacittuppādapariyāpannā upekkhā, sā ekasabhāvattā, ekārammaṇattā ca ekattā, ekattasitā cāti vuccati, sā pana taṃtaṃjhānasahagatavedanupekkhā ca tadārammaṇavipassanupekkhā cāti vadanti. <span class="bld">Taṃ pajahathā</span>ti tadārammaṇakilesapahānena pajahatha. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘taṃ samatikkamathā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nibbidā</span>ti vuṭṭhānagāminī. Tattha hi sutte <span class="bld">virajjatī</span>ti maggakiccamāha, <span class="bld">vimuccatī</span>ti phalakiccaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Susimasuttaṃ</span> <a name="M2.0482"></a><a name="V2.0453"></a> nidānavagge. Tattha <span class="bld">dhammaṭṭhitiñāṇaṃ</span> vuṭṭhānagāminīti <span class="bld">vuttā</span> dhammaṭṭhitiyaṃ paṭiccasamuppāde asammuyhanavasena pavattanato. <span class="bld">Nibbāne ñāṇa</span>nti maggañāṇamāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saññā kho, poṭṭhapādā</span>ti ettha kāmaṃ ‘‘saññā’’icceva vuccati, pubbe pana ‘‘saññaggaṃ phusatī’’ti vuttattā āha <span class="bld">‘‘saññagganti vuttā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭipadāñāṇadassanavisuddhī</span>ti tadekadesabhūtā vuṭṭhānagāminī vuttā. Samudāyesu hi pavattā vohārā avayavesupi pavattantīti. <span class="bld">Pārisuddhipadhāniyaṅga</span>nti pārisuddhiyā padhānakāraṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tīhi nāmehī</span>ti anulomagotrabhuvodānasaṅkhātehi tīhi nāmehi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kittitā</span>ti thomitā ariyamaggādhiṭṭhānatāya. Mahantānaṃ sīlakkhandhādīnaṃ esanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">mahesinā</span> sammāsambuddhena. Santakilesatāya <span class="bld">santā. Yoga</span>nti bhāvanaṃ, bhāvanābhiyogaṃ vā.</p>
<p class="centered">Paṭipadāñāṇadassanavisuddhiniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti ekavīsatimaparicchedavaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="chapter">22. Ñāṇadassanavisuddhiniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">Paṭhamamaggañāṇakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para806"></a><span class="paranum">806</span>. Idāni <a name="M2.0483"></a><a name="V2.0454"></a> ñāṇadassanavisuddhiyā niddese anuppatte sā yassa ñāṇassa anantaraṃ uppajjati, taṃ tāva dassento <span class="bld">‘‘ito paraṃ gotrabhuñāṇaṃ hotī’’</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Ito para</span>nti ito anulomañāṇato upari. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti gotrabhuñāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Neva paṭipadāñāṇadassanavisuddhiṃ bhajati</span> aniccādivasena saṅkhārānaṃ aggahaṇato. <span class="bld">Na ñāṇadassanavisuddhiṃ bhajati</span> satipi nibbānārammaṇatte kilesānaṃ akhepanato. Tato evetaṃ viññāṇadhātūnaṃ visayaṃ uddesantaṃ dassanakiccaṃ karontaṃ kiriyamanodhātu viya maggassa āvajjanaṭṭhāniyaṃ vuccati. <span class="bld">Antarā</span>ti chaṭṭhasattamavisuddhīnaṃ vemajjhe. <span class="bld">Abbohārikameva hoti</span> ubhayavisuddhilakkhaṇatābhāvato. Tathāpi vuṭṭhānagāminiyā pariyosānatāya vipassanāpakkhikaṃ. Tenevassa taṃsotapatitatā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vipassanāsote…pe… saṅkhaṃ gacchatī’’</span>ti. Etenassa paṭipadāñāṇadassanavisuddhibhajanaṃ dasseti. Sotassa ariyassaādito pajjanaṃ sotāpatti, so eva maggo, sotaṃ vā ariyaṃ ādito pajjati adhigacchatīti sotāpatti, paṭhamako. Tassa maggo <span class="bld">sotāpattimaggo</span>. Paṭisandhivasena sakideva imaṃ manussalokaṃ āgacchatīti sakadāgāmī, tassa maggo <span class="bld">sakadāgāmimaggo</span>. Paṭisandhivasena kāmabhavaṃ na āgacchatīti anāgāmī, tassa maggo <span class="bld">anāgāmimaggo</span>. Kilesādīnaṃ hananādinā arahaṃ, aggamaggaṭṭho. Tassa bhāvo arahattaṃ, so eva maggoti <span class="bld">arahattamaggo. Catūsu maggesu ñāṇaṃ</span> ekajjhaṃ gahetvā <span class="bld">ñāṇadassanavisuddhi nāma</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tehi tīhipī</span>ti heṭṭhā tiṇṇaṃ anulomañāṇānaṃ vuttattā vuttaṃ, tīsu vā dvinnaṃ antogadhattā. <span class="bld">Tīhipī</span>ti vā vikappantarasampiṇḍanattho <span class="bld">pi</span>-saddo, tena tīhipi dvīhipīti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Attano balānurūpenā</span>ti attano attano ānubhāvānukūlaṃ. Paṭhamañhi anulomañāṇaṃ sabboḷārikaṃ, dutiyaṃ tato nātioḷārikaṃ, tatiyaṃ tato nātioḷārikaṃ tamaṃ antaradhāpeti. Atha vā <span class="bld">balānurūpenā</span>ti heṭṭhā <a name="V2.0455"></a> saṅkhārupekkhāya āhitabalānurūpena<a name="M2.0484"></a>. Pubbābhisaṅkhāravasena hi anulomañāṇassāpi maggañāṇassa viya saddhāvimuttadiṭṭhippattānaṃ pavattiākārasiddho attheva mudutikkhatāviseso. <span class="bld">Palibodhato upaṭṭhāti</span> palibodhabhāvapaṭicchādakassa tamassa antaradhāpitattā. <span class="bld">‘‘Āsevanante’’</span>ti iminā dutiyassa vā tatiyassa vā anulomañāṇassa anantaraṃ gotrabhuñāṇuppatti, na paṭhamassāti dasseti tassa anāsevanattā. Na hi aladdhāsevanaṃ gotrabhuñāṇaṃ uppādetuṃ sakkoti. Nimittādivirahato, tabbidhurato ca <span class="bld">‘‘animitta’’</span>ntiādinā nibbānaṃ visesitaṃ. <span class="bld">Puthujjanagotta</span>nti ariyehi asammissaṃ puthujjanasamaññaṃ. <span class="bld">Gotta</span>nti hi ekavaṃsajānaṃ samānā samaññā, evaṃ idhāpīti. <span class="bld">Puthujjanasaṅkha</span>nti tasseva vevacanaṃ, <span class="bld">puthujjanabhūmi</span>nti puthujjanavatthuṃ. Ekantikatāya ekavārameva ca uppajjanato <span class="bld">apunarāvaṭṭakaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bahiddhā vuṭṭhānavivaṭṭane</span>ti asaṅkhatadhātuyā bahibhāvato bahiddhāsaññitā saṅkhāragatā vuṭṭhānabhūte vivaṭṭane nipphajjamāne paññā. <span class="bld">Abhibhuyyatī</span>ti abhibhavati. <span class="bld">Pakkhandatī</span>ti anupavisati. Ettha ca <span class="bld">‘‘uppādaṃ abhibhuyyatī’’</span>tiādinā puthujjanagottābhibhavanaṃ tadatikkamanamāha. <span class="bld">‘‘Anuppādaṃ pakkhandatī’’</span>tiādinā ariyagottabhāvanaṃ tadubhayabhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para807"></a><span class="paranum">807</span>. Ekāvajjanānaṃ nānāvīthitā natthīti na taṃnisedhanāya ekavīthiggahaṇaṃ, atha kho nānārammaṇānampi ekāvajjanānaṃ nānāvīthitā natthīti dassanatthanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Mahāmātika</span>nti mahantaṃ udakavāhakaṃ. <span class="bld">Laṅghitvā</span>ti anotaranto eva atikkamitvā. <span class="bld">Ullaṅghitvā</span>ti uparibhāgeneva laṅghitvā. Ninnapoṇapabbhāratā uttaruttaravisiṭṭhā ninnatāva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aṭṭhahi ñāṇehi anukkamena āhitavisesaṃ anulomañāṇaṃ nibbānārammaṇassa ñāṇassa paccayo bhavituṃ samatthaṃ jātanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘udayabbayānupassanādinā vegena dhāvitvā’’</span>ti. Rūpaṃ anekasantatisambandhatāya anekavaṭṭaracitā rajju viya hotīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘rūparajjuṃ vā’’</span>ti. Attabhāvassa rukkhaṭṭhāniyatāya vuttattā taṃsambandhadaṇḍaṭṭhāniyatā vedanādīsu ekasseva yuttā, na vedanādisamudāyassāti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vedanādīsu aññataradaṇḍaṃ vā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Anulomāvajjanenā</span>ti anulomassa āvajjanena. Yena āvajjanena anulomañāṇaṃ uppajjati, tena <span class="bld">taṃ</span> ārammaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Paṭhamena anulomacittena ullaṅghitvā’’</span>ti idaṃ sakkāyatīrassa tassa atikkamanārambhatāya <a name="M2.0485"></a> vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Dutiyena nibbānaninnapoṇapabbhāramānaso’’</span>ti idaṃ tassa sabbasaṅkhārato sātisayaṃ alaggaṃ hutvā <a name="V2.0456"></a> visaṅkhāre allīnabhāvato vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Nibbāne</span> ārammaṇakaraṇavasena <span class="bld">patati</span> yogāvacaro. <span class="bld">Ekārammaṇe</span>ti ekavāraṃyeva ālambite ārammaṇe. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘aladdhāsevanatāyā’’</span>ti. Tena ekārammaṇe āsevanā upakāravatī, na tathā nānārammaṇeti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para808"></a><span class="paranum">808</span>. <span class="bld">Tatrā</span>ti anulomagotrabhūnaṃ itarītarakiccākaraṇe. <span class="bld">Nakkhattayoga</span>nti nakkhattena candassa yogaṃ, nakkhattayogavibhāvaniyaṃ vā kālaṃ, divasanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tatthā</span>tiādi upamāsaṃsandanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evaṃ nibbattāhī</span>ti anulomañāṇāni viya saṅkhāre anālambitvā ahaṃ viya nibbānārammaṇe vattāhīti maggassa gotrabhunā dinnasaññāmuñcanaṃ, anubandhanañca nibbānārammaṇakaraṇameva sandhāya vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para809"></a><span class="paranum">809</span>. <span class="bld">Tatrā</span>ti tasmiṃ gotrabhunā dinnasaññaṃ amuñcitvā viya tena gahitārammaṇeyeva vattitvā maggassa lobhakkhandhādinibbijjhane. Usuṃ asati khippatīti <span class="bld">issāso,</span> dhanuggaho. Saragocaraṭṭhānaṃ nāma aṭṭhausabhamattaṃ. Tañca kho dūre pātino majjhimapurisassa vasena catuhatthāya yaṭṭhiyā vīsatiyaṭṭhi usabhaṃ, tena <span class="bld">aṭṭhausabhamatte padese</span> hatthavasena cattārīsādhikachasatahatthe padese. <span class="bld">Phalakasata</span>nti asanasāramayaṃ phalakasataṃ. Kumbhakāracakkasadise <span class="bld">cakkayante. Āvijjhitvā</span>ti bhametvā. Daṇḍakaghaṭṭanāya uppādetabbasaddo <span class="bld">daṇḍakasaññā</span>. Phalakasatavinivijjhanassa paccayabhūtā <span class="bld">daṇḍakasaññā viya gotrabhuñāṇaṃ</span> lobhakkhandhādinibbijjhanassa maggañāṇassa paccayabhāvato. <span class="bld">Issāso viya maggañāṇaṃ</span> nibbijjhitabbanivijjhanato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para810"></a><span class="paranum">810</span>. Aṭṭhamabhavato paṭṭhāya nibbattanakaṃ <span class="bld">anamataggasaṃsāravaṭṭadukkhasamuddaṃ soseti</span>. Saddhādhanaṃ sīladhanaṃ hiridhanaṃ ottappadhanaṃ sutadhanaṃ cāgadhanaṃ paññādhananti imesaṃ <span class="bld">sattannaṃ ariyadhanānaṃ. Sammukhībhāva</span>nti paccakkhasiddhiṃ. Pāṇātipātādipañcaverāni <a name="M2.0486"></a> ceva pañcavīsatimahābhayāni cāti <span class="bld">sabbaverabhayāni. Aññesañca</span> ratanattaye niviṭṭhasaddhādīnaṃ. Samudāye pavatto sotāpattimaggasaddo tadekadesepi pavattatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sotāpattimaggena sampayuttaṃ ñāṇa’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="centered">Paṭhamamaggañāṇaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Sotāpannapuggalakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para811"></a><span class="paranum">811</span>. <span class="bld">Tasseva</span> <a name="V2.0457"></a> sotāpattimaggacittassa. Kāmañcettha nātitikkhapaññassa dve, tikkhapaññassa tīṇi phalacittāni honti, avisesato pana gahitassa maggassa vasena <span class="bld">‘‘dve, tīṇi vā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Samādhimānantarikaññamāhū</span>ti yaṃ attano pavattisamanantaraṃ niyameneva phalappadānato ānantarikasamādhīti āhūti attho. Anantarameva pavattanakaṃ phalaṃ anantaraṃ, tattha niyutto, taṃ vā payojanaṃ etassāti ānantariko, maggo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āsevanante</span>ti āsevanato ante, āsevanalābhino anulomañāṇassa anantaranti attho. Laddhāsevanameva anulomaṃ gotrabhuṃ uppādeti. Upari pana cha, satta vā javanāni pavattanti, tasmā cattāri phalacittāni hontīti vadeyyāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sattacittaparamā ca ekāvajjanavīthī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Taṃ pana na sārato paccetabbanti yojanā. Yaṃ panettha vattabbaṃ, taṃ heṭṭhā vuttameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para812"></a><span class="paranum">812</span>. <span class="bld">Ettāvatā</span>ti paṭhamamaggānantaraṃ phalassa uppattimakkena. <span class="bld">Bhusaṃ pamattopī</span>ti devarajjacakkavattirajjādipamādaṭṭhānaṃ āgamma bhusaṃ pamattopi. <span class="bld">Yesaṃ</span> yathāvuttaāvajjanajavanacittānaṃ <span class="bld">uppattiyā esa</span> sotāpanno <span class="bld">paccavekkhati</span> nāmāti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Eteneva pasaṅgena sesānaṃ ariyānaṃ paccavekkhaṇāni dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yathā cā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ukkaṭṭhaparicchedoyeva</span> <a name="M2.0487"></a> <span class="bld">ceso,</span> yadidaṃ pañcannaṃ, catunnañca paccavekkhaṇānaṃ dassananti attho. <span class="bld">‘‘Abhāvenevā’’</span>ti etena pahīnāvasiṭṭhakilesapaccavekkhaṇasamatthatā kassaci hoti, kassaci na hotīti dasseti. Lobho eva <span class="bld">lobhadhammo</span>.</p>
<p class="subhead">Dutiyamaggañāṇakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para813"></a><span class="paranum">813</span>. <span class="bld">Kāmarāgabyāpādānaṃ tanubhāvāyā</span>ti etesaṃ kilesānaṃ tanubhāvatthaṃ. Tattha dvīhi kāraṇehi tanubhāvo adhiccuppattiyā, pariyuṭṭhānamandatāya ca. Sakadāgāmissa hi vaṭṭānusārimahājanassa <a name="V2.0458"></a> viya kilesā abhiṇhaṃ na uppajjanti, kadāci kadāci viraḷākārā hutvā uppajjanti. Tathā uppajjantāpi maddantā chādentā andhakāraṃ karontā na uppajjanti, dvīhi pana maggehi pahīnattā mandamandā tanukākārā hutvā uppajjanti. Keci pana ‘‘sakadāgāmissāpi kilesā cirena uppajjanti, uppajjantāpi bahalāva uppajjanti. Tathā hissa puttadhītaro dissantī’’ti, taṃ akāraṇaṃ vatthupaṭisevanena vināpi gabbhaggahaṇasabbhāvato. Tasmā vuttanayeneva dvīhi kāraṇehi tesaṃ tanubhāvo veditabbo. <span class="bld">Dutiyāyā</span>ti gaṇanavasenapi dutiyāya, uppattivasenapi dutiyāya <span class="bld">bhūmiyā. Pattiyā</span>ti sāmaññaphalassa paṭilābhāya. Tañhi sampayuttānaṃ nissayabhāvato te dhammā bhavanti etthāti <span class="bld">bhūmi</span>. Yasmā vā samānepi lokuttarabhāve sayampi bhavati uppajjati, na nibbānaṃ viya apātubhūtaṃ, tasmāpi <span class="bld">‘‘bhūmī’’</span>ti vuccati. <span class="bld">Yogaṃ karotī</span>ti vipassanābhiyogaṃ karoti. ‘‘Navahākārehi indriyāni tikkhāni bhavantī’’tiādinā (visuddhi. 2.699) vuttanayeneva yadaggena indriyānaṃ tikkhataṃ sampādeti, tadaggena balāni, bojjhaṅgāni ca paṭutarabhāvaṃ āpādento <span class="bld">indriyabalabojjhaṅgāni samodhānetvā</span> lakkhaṇattayatīraṇavasena <span class="bld">ñāṇena parimaddati</span>. Tattha aparāparaṃ ñāṇaṃ cārento <span class="bld">parivatteti</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vipassanāvīthiṃ ogāhatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Vuttanayenevā</span>ti udayabbayañāṇādīnaṃ uppādane vuttanayena. <span class="bld">Gotrabhuanantara</span>nti ettha gotrabhu viya gotrabhu. Paṭhamamaggapurecārikañāṇañhi puthujjanagottābhibhavanato, ariyagottabhavanato ca nippariyāyato gotrabhūti vuccati, idaṃ pana taṃsadisatāya pariyāyato gotrabhu. Ekaccasaṃkilesavisuddhiyā<a name="M2.0488"></a>, pana accantavisuddhiyā ārammaṇakaraṇato ca vodānanti vuccati. Tenāha <span class="bld">paṭṭhāne</span> ‘‘anulomaṃ vodānassa anantarapaccayena paccayo’’ti (paṭṭhā 1.1.417). Yasmā pana <span class="bld">paṭisambhidāmagge</span> uppādādiabhibhavanatthaṃ upādāya ‘‘aṭṭha gotrabhudhammā samādhivasena uppajjanti, dasa gotrabhudhammā vipassanāvasena uppajjantī’’tiādīsu (paṭi. ma. 1.60) gotrabhunāmenevetaṃ āgataṃ, tasmā idhāpi ‘‘gotrabhuanantara’’nti vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Dutiyañāṇaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Tatiyamaggañāṇakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para814"></a><span class="paranum">814</span>. <span class="bld">Sakidevā</span>ti <a name="V2.0459"></a> ekavāraṃyeva. <span class="bld">‘‘Imaṃ lokaṃ āgantvā’’</span>ti iminā pañcasu sakadāgāmīsu cattāro vajjetvā ekova gahito. Ekacco idha sakadāgāmiphalaṃ patvā idheva loke parinibbāti, ekacco idha patvā devaloke parinibbāti, ekacco devaloke patvā tattheva parinibbāti, ekacco devaloke patvā idhūpapajjitvā parinibbāti. Ime cattāropi idha na gahitā. Yo pana idha patvā devaloke yāvatāyukaṃ vasitvā puna idhūpapajjitvā parinibbāti, ayaṃ ekova idha gahitoti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāmarāgabyāpādānaṃ anavasesappahānāyā</span>ti tesaṃyeva sakadāgāmimaggena tanukatānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ niravasesappahānāya. Paṭisandhivasena kāmabhavassa anāgamanato <span class="bld">anāgāmī</span>.</p>
<p class="centered">Tatiyañāṇaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Catutthamaggañāṇakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para815"></a><span class="paranum">815</span>. <span class="bld">Opapātiko</span>ti upapātayoniko. Imināssa gabbhaseyyā paṭikkhittā. <span class="bld">Tattha parinibbāyī</span>ti tattha suddhāvāse parinibbāyitā. <span class="bld">Anāvattidhammo tasmā lokā</span>ti paṭisandhiggahaṇavasena tasmā lokā idha <a name="M2.0489"></a> anāvattanasabhāvo, buddhadassanadhammassavanānaṃ panatthāya āgamanaṃ hotiyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rūparāgaarūparāgamānauddhaccaavijjānaṃ anavasesappahānāyā</span>ti etesaṃ pañcannaṃ uddhambhāgiyasaṃyojanānaṃ nissesappajahanatthāya. Tattha rūpabhave chandarāgo <span class="bld">rūparāgo</span>. Arūpabhave chandarāgo <span class="bld">arūparāgo. Māno</span> arahattamaggavajjhamāno. Tathā <span class="bld">uddhaccāvijjā</span>.</p>
<p class="centered">Catutthañāṇaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Arahantapuggalakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para816"></a><span class="paranum">816</span>. <span class="bld">Mahākhīṇāsavo</span>ti <a name="V2.0460"></a> mahānubhāvatānibandhanaṃ pūjāvacanametaṃ, na upādāyavacanaṃ yathā ‘‘mahāmoggallāno’’ti. Na hi cūḷakhīṇāsavo nāma atthi. Antimadehaṃ dhāretīti <span class="bld">antimadehadhārī</span>. Khandhakilesābhisaṅkhārabhārānaṃ ohitattā oropitattā <span class="bld">ohitabhāro</span>. Anuppatto sadatthaṃ sakatthanti <span class="bld">anuppattasadattho. Sadattho</span>ti ca arahattaṃ veditabbaṃ. Tañhi attupanibandhanaṭṭhena, attānaṃ avijahanaṭṭhena, attano paramatthaṭṭhena ca attano atthattā sakatthoti vuccati. Parikkhīṇāni dasapi bhavasaṃyojanāni etassāti <span class="bld">parikkhīṇabhavasaṃyojano</span>. Khandhādiatthaṃ sammā aññāya vimuttoti <span class="bld">sammadaññāvimutto</span>. Aggo ca so dakkhiṇeyyo ca, aggadakkhiṇaṃ vā arahatīti <span class="bld">aggadakkhiṇeyyo</span>.</p>
<p class="subhead">Bodhipakkhiyakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para817"></a><span class="paranum">817</span>. Catunnaṃ maggañāṇānaṃ vasena <span class="bld">catuñāṇāya. Ānubhāvavijānanattha</span>nti satipaṭṭhānapāripūriādikassa ānubhāvassa bodhanatthaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paripuṇṇā bodhipakkhiyā etassāti paripuṇṇabodhipakkhiyo, maggo. Tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">paripuṇṇabodhipakkhiyabhāvo</span>. Vuṭṭhānabalehi sampayuttatāva <span class="bld">vuṭṭhānabalasamāyogo, ye</span> saṃyojanādayo <span class="bld">yena</span> paṭhamamaggādinā <span class="bld">pahātabbā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para818"></a><span class="paranum">818</span>. Bujjhanaṭṭhena <a name="M2.0490"></a> vā bodho, maggacittuppādo. Tassa bujjhanakiriyāya anuguṇabhāvato pakkhe bhavāti <span class="bld">bodhipakkhiyā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para819"></a><span class="paranum">819</span>. <span class="bld">Tesu</span> bodhipakkhiyesu. <span class="bld">Ārammaṇesū</span>ti kāyādiārammaṇesu. <span class="bld">Okkhanditvā</span>ti anupavisitvā. <span class="bld">Pakkhanditvā</span>ti tasseva vevacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Upaṭṭhānato</span>ti asubhākārādiggahaṇavasena upagantvā avaṭṭhānato. Kāyādīsu asubhākārādiggahaṇaṃ pubbabhāgasatipaṭṭhānavasena subhasaññādipahānakiccasādhanaṃ maggasatipaṭṭhānavasena veditabbaṃ. Tattha hi ekāva sati catukiccasādhanavasena pavattati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para820"></a><span class="paranum">820</span>. <span class="bld">Padahantī</span>ti <a name="V2.0461"></a> vāyamanti, kāyacittāni paggaṇhanti vā. Asobhāhetūnaṃ saṃkilesadhammānaṃ pajahanena, sobhāhetūnañca vodānadhammānaṃ bhāvanena <span class="bld">sobhanaṃ,</span> sundaranti attho. <span class="bld">Seṭṭhabhāvāvahanato</span>ti pāsaṃsatamabhāvasādhanato. <span class="bld">Padhānabhāvakāraṇato</span>ti uttamabhāvahetuto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para821"></a><span class="paranum">821</span>. <span class="bld">Pubbe vuttenā</span>ti iddhividhañāṇaniddese (visuddhi. 2.369) vuttena. <span class="bld">Ijjhanaṭṭho</span> nipphajjanaṭṭho, paṭilābhasampadā vā, yena vā ijjhanti iddhā vuddhā ukkaṃsagatā honti, taṃ <span class="bld">ijjhanaṃ</span>. Samādhipadhānasaṅkhārapamukhā maggadhammā idha <span class="bld">‘‘iddhī’’</span>ti adhippetā. <span class="bld">Pubbaṅgamaṭṭho</span> adhipatipaccayabhāvo. Tasmā sotāpattimaggo ijjhatīti <span class="bld">iddhi,</span> tasmā sampayuttā chandādayo <span class="bld">pubbaṅgamaṭṭhena pādo</span>. Tassā eva <span class="bld">phalabhūtāya</span> vuṭṭhānagāminiyā chandādayo <span class="bld">pubbabhāgakāraṇaṭṭhena pādo. So</span>ti iddhipādo. <span class="bld">Ime lokuttarāvā</span>ti ime yathāvuttā chandādayo uttaracūḷabhājanīye āgatanayena lokuttarā veditabbā. <span class="bld">Chandādiadhipativasena paṭiladdhadhammāpi</span> phassādayo iddhipādā hontīti attho. Kāmañcettha iddhipādo no adhipati, adhipati vā no iddhipādo nāma natthi, yathā pana ekasmiṃ rajje rajjārahesu catūsu rājakumāresu ekasmiṃ kāle ekova rajjamanusāsati, na sabbe, evaṃ ekamekasmiṃ cittuppāde ekova adhipati, iddhipādo ca hotīti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para822"></a><span class="paranum">822</span>. <span class="bld">Assaddhiyaṃ</span> <a name="M2.0491"></a> saddhāpaṭipakkhā akusalā dhammā, avatthugato pasādapatirūpako micchādhimokkho vā. <span class="bld">Kosajjaṃ</span> thinamiddhapadhāno akusalacittuppādo. <span class="bld">Pamādo</span> satisammoso tathāpavattā akusalā khandhā. <span class="bld">Abhibhavanasaṅkhātena adhipatiyaṭṭhenā</span>ti assaddhiyādīnaṃ abhibhavanato abhibhavananti vattabbena adhimokkhapaggahaupaṭṭhānaavikkhepapajānanassa ekalakkhaṇena sampayuttadhammesu adhipatiyaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Assaddhiyādīhi cā</span>ti <span class="bld">ca</span>-saddo samuccayattho aṭṭhānappayutto, tasmā akampiyaṭṭhena ca sampayuttadhammesu thirabhāvena ca <span class="bld">bala</span>nti evamettha adhippāyo veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para823"></a><span class="paranum">823</span>. <span class="bld">Bujjhanakasattassā</span>ti catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ paṭivijjhanakasattassa. Yo heso lokuttaramaggakkhaṇe uppajjamānāya satiādidhammasāmaggiyā karaṇabhūtāya bujjhati kilesasantānaniddāya uṭṭhahati, cattāri vā ariyasaccāni paṭivijjhati, nibbānameva vā sacchikarotīti <a name="V2.0462"></a> bodhīti vuccati ariyasāvako, tassa bodhissa bujjhanakasattassa aṅgāti <span class="bld">bojjhaṅgā. Niyyānikaṭṭhenā</span>ti vaṭṭato nissaraṇaṭṭhena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para824"></a><span class="paranum">824</span>. Pubbabhāge nānācittesu labbhantīti sambandho. <span class="bld">Cuddasavidhenā</span>ti ānāpānairiyāpathacatusampajaññapaṭikkūlamanasikāradhātumanasikārapabbāni, nava sivathikapabbāni cāti evaṃ cuddasavidhena. <span class="bld">Kāyaṃ pariggaṇhato ca kāyānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānaṃ</span> labbhati, na vedanādayo pariggaṇhato. Esa nayo sesesupi. ‘‘Sukhaṃ vedana’’ntiādināti vā ‘‘sāmisa’’ntiādināti vā ‘‘nirāmisa’’ntiādināti vā evaṃ <span class="bld">navavidhena</span>. Sarāgadosamohasaṃkhittamahaggatasamāhitasauttaravimuttapadānaṃ sapaṭipakkhānaṃ vasena <span class="bld">soḷasavidhena</span>. Nīvaraṇupādānakkhandhāyatanabojjhaṅgasaccapabbānaṃ vasena <span class="bld">pañcavidhena. Imasmiṃ attabhāve</span>ti paccuppanne attabhāve. <span class="bld">Anuppannapubba</span>nti attano abhūtapubbaṃ. <span class="bld">Parassa uppannaṃ akusalaṃ disvā</span> tannimittañca vadhabandhārahādīnīti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti tādisassa. Bhavati hi taṃsadisepi tabbohāro yathā ‘‘tāniyeva osadhānī’’ti. <span class="bld">Tassa pahānāyā</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo. Jhānavipassanā ito aññasmiṃ attabhāve uppannapubbāpi siyunti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘imasmiṃ attabhāve anuppannapubba’’</span>nti, chandiddhipādasammāvācānaṃyeva gahaṇaṃ. Tesu vuttesu sesiddhipādasesaviratiyo atthato <a name="M2.0492"></a> vuttāva hontīti lakkhaṇahāravasena ayamattho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Evaṃ nānācittesu labbhanti</span> pubbabhāge ete satipaṭṭhānasammappadhānaiddhipādā. <span class="bld">Catunnaṃ ñāṇāna</span>nti catunnaṃ ariyamaggañāṇānaṃ. Kāmaṃ sabbepi bodhipakkhiyadhammā maggacittuppādapariyāpannāva, tathāpi sātisayo sammappadhānabyāpāro maggakkhaṇeti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘phalakkhaṇe ṭhapetvā cattāro sammappadhāne’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Avasesā tettiṃsa labbhanti,</span> te ca kho pariyāyato, na nippariyāyatoti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para825"></a><span class="paranum">825</span>. <span class="bld">Sesesu panā</span>ti iddhipādādīsu pañcasu koṭṭhāsesu. Yathā sativīriyesu ‘‘satipaṭṭhānaṃ sammappadhāna’’nti saṅkhipanavasena hāpanaṃ, ‘‘kāyānupassanā’’tiādivibhāgadassanavasena vaḍḍhanaṃ atthi, īdisaṃ hāpanavaḍḍhanaṃ natthīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para826"></a><span class="paranum">826</span>. Idāni sabbesu eva yathārahaṃ labbhamānavibhāgadassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘apicā’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">tesū</span>ti sattatiṃsāya bodhipakkhiyadhammesu. <span class="bld">Chaddhā</span>ti ekadhā dvedhā catudhā pañcadhā aṭṭhadhā navadhāti evaṃ chappakārena <span class="bld">te bhavanti</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Chandiddhipādādivasenā</span>ti <a name="V2.0463"></a> chando chandiddhipādavaseneva, cittaṃ cittiddhipādavaseneva, pītipassaddhiupekkhā bojjhaṅgavaseneva, saṅkappādayo maggavasenevāti evaṃ <span class="bld">nava ekavidhāva honti</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cuddaseva asambhinnā</span>ti sati vīriyaṃ chando cittaṃ paññā saddhā samādhi pīti passaddhi upekkhā sammāsaṅkappo sammāvācā sammākammanto sammāājīvoti ime asambhinnā padantarasambhedena vinā aggahitaggahaṇena gayhamānā cuddaseva ca sabhāvadhammā. <span class="bld">Cuddasā</span>ti ca ukkaṃsaparicchedena vuttaṃ. Tañca kho paṭhamajjhānikamaggacittuppādavasena, dutiyajjhānike pana sammāsaṅkappābhāvato terasa, tatiyacatutthapañcamajjhānikesu pītisambojjhaṅgābhāvato dvādasa honti. <span class="bld">‘‘Sattatiṃsappabhedato’’</span>ti idampi ukkaṃsavaseneva vuttaṃ, avakaṃsato pana vuttanayena ekasmiṃ khaṇe chattiṃsa, pañcatiṃsa honti, catunnaṃ adhipatīnaṃ ekajjhaṃ anuppajjanato ekasmiṃ khaṇe ekasseva iddhipādassa sambhavoti dvattiṃsa ca hontīti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sattatiṃsapabhedato <a name="M2.0493"></a> kathanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sakiccanipphādanato’’</span>tiādi, ekaccassa sabhāvato ekassāpi attano ānubhāvānurūpakāyānupassanāditaṃtaṃkiccasādhanatoti attho. <span class="bld">Sarūpena ca vuttito</span>ti abhedassa cittiddhipādādikassa sarūpeneva pavattanato ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti ñāṇadassanavisuddhiyaṃ. Kasmā pana bodhipakkhiyesu jhānakoṭṭhāso na gahito, nanu jhānarahito ariyamaggo natthīti? Saccaṃ natthi, tato eva na kho panetaṃ evaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ ‘‘bodhipakkhiyesu jhānaṃ na gahita’’nti lakkhaṇūpanijjhānalakkhaṇassa jhānassa maggaggahaṇeneva gahitattā. Tañhi sandhāya ‘‘yasmiṃ samaye lokuttaraṃ jhānaṃ bhāvetī’’tiādi (dha. sa. 277, 343 ādayo) vuttaṃ. Ārammaṇūpanijjhānalakkhaṇassa panettha sambhavo eva natthi. Aparo nayo – kasmā pana bodhipakkhiyesu jhānakoṭṭhāso na gahito, nanu jhānarahito ariyamaggo natthi, na ca taṃ paṭipadā viya ekantapubbabhāgiyaṃ, nāpi ekaccapaṭisambhidā viya magganissando, atha kho maggacittuppādapariyāpanno, yato ‘‘lokuttaraṃ jhānaṃ bhāvetī’’ti (dha. sa. 277, 343 ādayo) vuttaṃ, maggamaggaparivāradhammā ca bodhipakkhiyadhammāti? Vuccate – yaṃ tāva vuttaṃ jhānarahito ariyamaggo natthī’’ti, tattha na ariyamaggasampayogamattena jhānassa bodhipakkhiyatā <a name="V2.0464"></a> labbhati atippasaṅgato. Āhārādīnampi hi bodhipakkhiyatā āpajjeyyāti. Etena maggacittuppādapariyāpannatā bodhipakkhiyabhāvassa akāraṇanti dassitaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yaṃ pana vuttaṃ ‘‘maggamaggaparivāradhammā ca bodhipakkhiyā’’ti, tattha parivāraṭṭho kiṃ sahapavattiattho, udāhu parikkhāraṭṭhoti? Yadi purimo pakkho, so pageva nillocito. Atha dutiyo, idaṃ vicāretabbaṃ. Kathaṃ pavattamānaṃ jhānaṃ maggassa parikkhāro? Yadi sahajātādipaccayabhāvena, evaṃ sati phassādīnampi maggaparikkhāratā āpajjati. Atha paṭipakkhavidhaṃsanena, na sabbe jhānadhammā paṭipakkhavidhaṃsanasamatthā. Na hi vicāro, vedanā ca kassaci saṃkilesadhammassa ujupaṭipakkhabhāvena pavattanti. Yaṃ pana <span class="bld">peṭake</span> ‘‘sukhaṃ uddhaccakukkuccassa, vicāro vicikicchāya paṭipakkho’’ti vuttaṃ, taṃ pariyāyena vuttaṃ. Na hi sukhaṃ sayaṃ uddhaccakukkuccassa paṭipakkho, paṭipakkhassa pana samādhissa paccayatāya paṭipakkho. Na ca vicāro paññā viya, adhimokkho viya vā vicikicchāya paṭipakkho, paṭipakkhassa paṭirūpatāya pana paṭipakkho <a name="M2.0494"></a> vutto. Tathā pītipi na byāpādassa adoso viya ujupaṭipakkho, adosasampayogato pana paṭipakkho vutto. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘taṃ pariyāyena vutta’’nti. Vitakkasamādhayo eva pana jhānadhammesu ujukaṃ paṭipakkhavidhaṃsanasamatthāti paṭipakkhaviddhaṃsanasamatthassa paripuṇṇassa jhānakoṭṭhāsassa abhāvato na cassa bodhipakkhiyesu saṅgaho kato. Yasmā pana sammāsaṅkappo, sammāsamādhi ca maggapariyāpannā jhānadhammā, tasmā te sandhāya taṃsampayuttatāya vā itarepi gahetvā pariyāyena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">pāḷiyaṃ</span> ‘‘yasmiṃ samaye lokuttaraṃ jhānaṃ bhāveti niyyānika’’ntiādi (dha. sa. 277).</p>
<p class="subhead">Vuṭṭhānabalasamāyogakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para827"></a><span class="paranum">827</span>. <span class="bld">Vuṭṭhānaṃ</span> nimittato, pavattato ca vuṭṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Balasamāyogo</span> samathavipassanābalehi sampayuttatā. Pariññābhisamayādivasena dukkhādīsu visesadassanaṭṭhena maggapaññāpi vipassanāti vuccatīti <span class="bld">‘‘lokiyavipassanā’’</span>ti visesetvā vuttaṃ. Tenevāha ‘‘vuṭṭhānaṭṭhena samathavipassanaṃ yuganaddhaṃ bhāvetī’’ti (paṭi. ma. 2.5). Nimittārammaṇattā nevanimittā vuṭṭhāti, pavatti…pe… chindanato na pavattā vuṭṭhātīti yojanā. Tattha nimittato vuṭṭhānaṃ saṅkhāranimittaṃ nissajjitvā nibbānārammaṇakaraṇaṃ. Pavattato vuṭṭhānaṃ hetunirodhena āyatiṃ vipākappavattassa <a name="V2.0465"></a> anuppavattidhammatāpādanaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘samudayassa asamucchindanato pavattā na vuṭṭhātī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dubhato</span>ti ubhato, da-kārāgamaṃ katvā evaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Dubhā</span>ti vā padantaramevetaṃ ubhayasaddena samānatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Dassanaṭṭhenā</span>ti pariññābhisamayādilakkhaṇena catusaccadassanaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Micchādiṭṭhiyā</span>ti dvāsaṭṭhippabhedāyapi micchādiṭṭhiyā. <span class="bld">Tadanuvattakakilesehī</span>ti apāyagamanīyatāya tassā micchādiṭṭhiyā anuvattakehi vicikicchādikilesehi. <span class="bld">Khandhehī</span>ti etthāpi tadanuvattakasaddo ānetvā sambandhitabbo. Te ca micchādiṭṭhiādipaccayā uppajjanārahā veditabbā. <span class="bld">Micchāsaṅkappā</span>tiādīsupi tadanuvattakakilesehi ca khandhehi ca vuṭṭhāti. <span class="bld">Bahiddhā ca sabbanimittehi vuṭṭhātī</span>ti pāḷi saṃkhittā. Yathā micchādiṭṭhimicchāsaṅkappā, evaṃ micchāvācādayopi apāyagamanīyā eva veditabbā. <span class="bld">Micchāvācākammantājīvā</span> cetanāsabhāvā. <span class="bld">Micchāsati</span> tathāpavattā cattāro khandhā. Uparimaggattaye sammādiṭṭhi taṃtaṃmaggavajjhā <a name="M2.0495"></a> mānato vuṭṭhāti. So hi ‘‘ahamasmī’’ti pavattiyā diṭṭhiṭṭhāniyo, micchāmaggato panettha vuṭṭhānaṃ anuddharitvā taṃtaṃmaggavajjhasaṃyojanānusayeheva vuṭṭhānaṃ uddhaṭaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aṇusahagatā</span>ti aṇubhāvaṃ gatā pattā, tanubhūtāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para828"></a><span class="paranum">828</span>. Evaṃ vuṭṭhānaṃ dassetvā idāni balasamāyogaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘lokiyānañcā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Samathabalaṃ adhikaṃ hoti</span> samādhibhāvanābhāvato. <span class="bld">Vipassanābalaṃ adhikaṃ hoti</span> ñāṇuttarattā vipassanābhāvanāya. Samānabhāvena yuge naddhā baddhā viya hontīti <span class="bld">yuganaddhā</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘aññamaññaṃ anativattanaṭṭhenā’’</span>ti, kiccato anūnādhikabhāvenāti attho. Tato eva <span class="bld">samāyogo</span>ti samaparicchedayogoti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Samādhipaṭipakkhadassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘uddhaccasahagatakilesehī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ, uddhaccapadhānehi kilesehīti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Avikkhepo samādhī</span>ti samucchindanena vikkhepassa ujupaṭipakkhabhūto samādhi. <span class="bld">Nirodhagocaro</span>ti nibbānārammaṇo. <span class="bld">Vuṭṭhānaṭṭhenā</span>ti vuṭṭhānakabhāvena nimittato, pavattato ca vuṭṭhahamānavasena. <span class="bld">Ekarasā</span>ti samānakiccā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Pahātabbadhammapahānakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para829"></a><span class="paranum">829</span>. <span class="bld">Ye</span> <a name="V2.0466"></a> <span class="bld">dhammā</span>ti ye saṃkilesadhammā. Saṃyojanādīsu saṃyojanaṭṭhena bandhanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">saṃyojanāni,</span> vibādhanaṭṭhena, upatāpanaṭṭhena vā <span class="bld">kilesā,</span> micchāsabhāvāti <span class="bld">micchattā,</span> loke dhammā lokapariyāpannā dhammāti <span class="bld">lokadhammā,</span> maccherassa bhāvo, kammaṃ vāti <span class="bld">macchariyaṃ,</span> viparītaṭṭhena <span class="bld">vipallāsā,</span> ganthanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">ganthā,</span> ayuttā gatīti <span class="bld">agati,</span> āsavantīti <span class="bld">āsavā,</span> ohanantīti <span class="bld">oghā,</span> yojanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">yogā,</span> nīvarantīti <span class="bld">nīvaraṇāni,</span> dhammasabhāvaṃ atikkamma parato āmasantīti <span class="bld">parāmāsā,</span> bhusaṃ ādiyantīti <span class="bld">upādānāni,</span> appahīnabhāvena santāne anu anu sentīti <span class="bld">anusayā,</span> malīnabhāvakaraṇaṭṭhena <span class="bld">malā,</span> akusalakammāni ca tāni sugatiduggatīnaṃ, tattha nibbattanakasukhadukkhānañca pathā cāti <span class="bld">akusalakammapathā,</span> cittaṃ uppajjati etthāti <span class="bld">cittuppādo,</span> cittacetasikarāsi<a name="M2.0496"></a>, akusalo ca so cittuppādo cāti akusalacittuppādoti akusalasaddaṃ ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Khandhehi khandhāna</span>nti idhalokakkhandhehi paralokakkhandhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Yāvañhi te</span>ti te rūparāgādayo yāva pavattanti na samucchijjanti, <span class="bld">tāva etesaṃ</span> khandhaphaladukkhānaṃ <span class="bld">anuparamo</span> avicchedoti. Etena tesaṃ saṃyojanatthaṃ vibhāveti. <span class="bld">Uddha</span>nti rūpārūpabhavesu, tatiyamagguppattiyā vā uddhaṃ. Uddhaṃ bhajantīti uddhaṃbhāgā, rūpārūpabhavā, tesaṃ avicchedahetutāya hitāni <span class="bld">uddhaṃbhāgiyāni</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kilissanti, kilesenti cāti duvidhampi atthaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘sayaṃ saṃkiliṭṭhattā’’</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Micchāvimutti</span> ‘‘lokathūpikādīsu mokkho’’ti pavattamicchāvimokkho. Abhinivisanādivasena micchā viparītaṃ na sammā pavattanato <span class="bld">micchāñāṇaṃ</span> mohova.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Lokappavattiyā</span>ti khandhappavattiyaṃ sati. <span class="bld">Anuparamadhammakattā</span>ti puññapāpavasena aparāparaṃ avicchijjanato. ‘‘Lābhahetuko lābho’’tiādinā <span class="bld">kāraṇopacārena</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Āvāse macchariyaṃ, āvāsahetukaṃ vā macchariyaṃ <span class="bld">āvāsamacchariyaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tayo</span>ti <a name="V2.0467"></a> vatthuṃ abhinditvā vuttaṃ, bhinditvā pana vuccamāne dvādasa honti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ganthakaraṇaṃ kāraṇabhāvena paṭibaddhatākaraṇaṃ <span class="bld">ganthana</span>nti taṃ rūpakāyepi labbhatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘nāmakāyassa ceva rūpakāyassa cā’’</span>ti. Tattha byāpādassāpi abhisajjanupanayhavasena pavattanato ganthanaṭṭho veditabbo, yato tassa paṭighasaṃyojanabhāvo vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Chandadosamohabhayehī</span>ti chandadosamohabhayahetu. <span class="bld">Tañhī</span>ti akattabbakaraṇaṃ, kattabbākaraṇañca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Savanā</span>ti pavattanato. <span class="bld">Savanato</span>ti kilesāsucibhāvena vissandanato. Puna <span class="bld">savanato</span>ti pasavanato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ākaḍḍhanaṭṭhena</span><a name="M2.0497"></a>, <span class="bld">duruttaraṇaṭṭhena cā</span>ti etena oghā viya <span class="bld">oghā</span>ti dasseti. Ārammaṇena, dukkhena ca viyogassa appadānasaṅkhātena yojanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">yogā</span>ti dasseti, saṃkilesakaraṇaṭṭhenāti attho. <span class="bld">Tesaññevā</span>ti kāmarāgādīnaṃyeva. Te hi sotavasena vattamānā soto viya sotapatite satte apāyasamuddaṃ pāpenti, saṃsārasamuddato ca sīsaṃ ukkhipituṃ na denti, yathāgahitañca ārammaṇaṃ vissajjituṃ na denti, yādisañca pāpaṃ katvā dukkhappatte punapi tādisena yojenti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cittassā</span>ti kusalacittassa, visesato jhānacittassa. Ādito varaṇaṃ <span class="bld">āvaraṇaṃ</span>. Kilesavāsanaṃ netvā varaṇaṃ <span class="bld">nīvaraṇaṃ</span>. Kuṭṭakavāṭādīhi viya pidahanaṃ <span class="bld">paṭicchādanaṃ,</span> taṃ pana kusalādīni saṅgaṇhituṃ, pariññātuṃ, ñātuñca appadānavasena daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tassa tassa dhammassa sabhāva</span>nti kāyādikassa tassa tassa dhammassa asubhādisabhāvaṃ. <span class="bld">Abhūtaṃ sabhāva</span>nti subhādisabhāvaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Thāmagataṭṭhenā</span>ti thāmagatabhāvena. <span class="bld">Thāmagata</span>nti ca anaññasādhāraṇo kāmarāgādīnaṃ sabhāvo daṭṭhabbo. Yena te eva bhagavatā <span class="bld">‘‘anusayā’’</span>ti vuttā. Anusayanañca maggena appahīnabhāvena paccayasamavāye uppajjanārahatā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘punappunaṃ kāmarāgādīnaṃ uppattihetubhāvena anusentiyevā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dummocanīyabhāvena <a name="V2.0468"></a> pavattiṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘telañjanakalalaṃ viyā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para830"></a><span class="paranum">830</span>. <span class="bld">Sesā</span>ti anapāyagamanīyā. Sukhumā kāmarāgapaṭighāti sambandho. <span class="bld">Catutthañāṇavajjhā evā</span>ti avadhāraṇena paṭhamañāṇādivajjhatā nivattīyati. Tayidaṃ niyamadassanaṃ aññatthāpi netabbanti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘parato’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">‘‘niyamaṃ na karissāmā’’</span>ti etena niyame akate heṭṭhimamaggavajjhatāpi anuññātā eva hotīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Lobha…pe… catutthañāṇavajjhānī</span>tiādīsu paṭhamañāṇādīhi hatāpāyagamanīyādibhāvānīti adhippāyo veditabbo. Ādisaddena oḷārikasukhumatā gahitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yase</span>ti parivāre.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Agatīsu <a name="M2.0498"></a> chandādayo kiñcāpi uparimaggavajjhā, tathāpi taṃmūlakassa akattabbakaraṇassa, kattabbākaraṇassa ca apāyagamanīyatāya paṭhamamaggavajjhā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Katākatākusalākusalavisayaṃ yaṃ vippaṭisārabhūtaṃ kukkuccaṃ, taṃ idha <span class="bld">tatiyañāṇavajjhaṃ</span> vuttaṃ. Yaṃ pana ‘‘kukkuccapakatatāya āpattimāpajjatī’’ti (pāci. aṭṭha. 438; kaṅkhā. aṭṭha. nidānavaṇṇanā) vuttaṃ kukkuccaṃ, taṃ sandhāya ‘‘kukkuccavicikicchā sotāpattimaggena pahīyantī’’ti (dha. sa. aṭṭha. 1176) <span class="bld">aṭṭhasāliniyaṃ</span> vuttaṃ. Tasmā dvinnaṃ vacanānaṃ adhippāyo veditabbo. Aññesupi edisesu ṭhānesu adhippāyo maggitabbo, na virodhato paccetabbo. Oḷārikānavasesappahānaṃ vā sandhāya kukkuccassa paṭhamatatiyañāṇavajjhatā vuttāti veditabbaṃ. ‘‘Bhagavatā paṭikkhittaṃ anuvasitvā anuvasitvā āvasathapiṇḍaṃ bhuñjitu’’nti, ‘‘kukkuccāyanto na paṭiggahesī’’ti (pāci. 204) pana āgataṃ kukkuccaṃ, na nīvaraṇaṃ arahato uppajjanato, nīvaraṇapaṭirūpakaṃ pana ‘‘kappati na kappatī’’ti vīmaṃsanabhūtaṃ vinayakukkuccaṃ nāma, taṃ tathāpavattacittuppādova.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāmarāgapaṭighānusayā</span> aṇusahagatā <span class="bld">tatiyañāṇavajjhā</span>. Oḷārikānaṃ pana dutiyañāṇavajjhatā heṭṭhā vuttanayāva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Cittuppādaggahaṇena <a name="V2.0469"></a> cettha makkhapaḷāsamāyāsāṭheyyapamādathambhasārambhādīnaṃ saṅgaho katoti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para831"></a><span class="paranum">831</span>. <span class="bld">Aphalo vāyāmo</span>ti ettha atītānaṃ tāva pajahane aphalo hotu vāyāmo niruddhattā, anāgatānaṃ pana kathanti tesampi vakkhamānaṃ aviparītamatthaṃ ajānanto natthitāmattaṃ gahetvā codeti, tathāpi ‘‘aphalo’’ti pubbe pahātabbānaṃ natthitāya codanā katā, idāni pahānassa. Yadi hi pahānaṃ atthi, kathaṃ pahātabbā santi? Atha pahātabbā santi, kathaṃ pahānaṃ hoti? Pahātabbā ca santi, pahānañca hotīti vippaṭisiddhametaṃ. Kasmā? Pahātabbesu santesu pahānassa asambhavato tadupago vāyāmo aphalo ālokatamānaṃ sahāvaṭṭhāne sati ālokassa aphalatā viya. Athāpi kathañci pahānaṃ siyā? <span class="bld">Saṃkilesikā ca maggabhāvanā āpajjati</span> pahātabbapahāyakānaṃ sahāvaṭṭhānato<a name="M2.0499"></a>. <span class="bld">Vippayuttatā vā kilesānaṃ</span> cittavippayuttasaṅkhāravādīnaṃ vippayuttasaṅkhārānaṃ viyāti adhippāyo. Taṃ pana nesaṃ vādīnaṃ yathā matimattaṃ, evamidhāpīti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘na ca paccuppannakileso cittavippayutto nāma atthī’’</span>ti. Arūpadhammā hi ekavatthukādibhāvena vattamānā khaṇattayapariyāpannā paccuppannā, te kathaṃ cittena vippayuttā nāma siyuṃ, tasmā nattheva vippayuttatā kilesānaṃ. <span class="bld">Āveṇikā</span>ti asādhāraṇā, sayameva uppāditā pāḷi anāruḷhāti adhippāyo. Pāḷiyaṃyeva hi paṭikkhittanti sambandho. <span class="bld">Svāyaṃ</span> puggalo. <span class="bld">Hañcī</span>ti yadi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vinibaddho</span>ti mānena patthaddhacitto. <span class="bld">Parāmaṭṭho</span>ti micchābhiniviṭṭho. <span class="bld">Thāmagato</span>ti thāmagatakileso thirabhāvagatānusayo. <span class="bld">Tena hi natthi maggabhāvanā</span>ti yasmā tīsupi kālesu kilesānaṃ pahānaṃ na yujjati, tikālikā ca kilesā, tasmā natthi maggabhāvanā, tāya sādhetabbaṃ kiccaṃ natthīti attho. <span class="bld">‘‘Na hi natthi maggabhāvanā’’</span>tiādinā catukkhattuṃ vuttassa paṭikkhepassa paṭikkhepo. Idaṃ vuttaṃ ‘‘pāḷiyaṃyeva hī’’tiādiṃ ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evamevā</span>ti yathā ajātaphale taruṇarukkhe mūle chinne asati chedane āyatiṃ uppajjanārahāni chedanapaccayā anuppajjamānāni vinaṭṭhāni nāma honti, evameva maggabhāvanāya asati uppajjanārahā kilesā maggabhāvanāya anuppajjamānā ‘‘pahīnā’’ti vuccantīti upamāsaṃsandanaṃ veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Uppādo</span>ti uppādasīsena uppādavanto khandhā vuttā. <span class="bld">Anuppāde</span>ti <a name="V2.0470"></a> nibbāne. <span class="bld">Ajātāyeva na jāyanti,</span> tasmā pahīnā nāma hontīti ‘‘natthi kilesappahāna’’nti paravādinā kato paṭikkhepo ‘‘na hī’’ti paṭikkhitto. Te pana neva uppajjitvā vigatā, nāpi bhavissanti, na ca uppannāti ‘‘atīte kilese pajahatī’’tiādi na vattabbanti dasseti. <span class="bld">Hetunirodhā</span>ti dukkhahetūnaṃ kilesānaṃ nirodhā. <span class="bld">Dukkhanirodho</span>ti āyatiṃ uppajjanakadukkhassa nirodho. Uppādapavattanimittāyūhanā paccuppannabhavavasena gahitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para832"></a><span class="paranum">832</span>. <span class="bld">Etenā</span>ti ‘‘ajātāyeva na jāyantī’’tiādivacanena. Vipassanāya ārammaṇabhūtaṃ upādānakkhandhapañcakasaṅkhātaṃ bhūmipavattiṭṭhānaṃ laddhavanto <span class="bld">bhūmiladdhā</span> yathā ‘‘aggiāhito’’ti, laddhabhūmikāti attho<a name="M2.0500"></a>. Vattamānādiuppannavidhuratāya <span class="bld">bhūmiladdhuppannā eva nāma te</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para833"></a><span class="paranum">833</span>. Anubhavitvā, bhavitvā ca apagataṃ <span class="bld">bhūtāpagataṃ</span>. Anubhūtabhūtā hi bhūtatāsāmaññena bhūtasaddena vuttā. Sāmaññameva hi upasaggena visesīyatīti. <span class="bld">Anubhūta</span>saddo ca kammavacanicchāya abhāvato anubhāvakavācako daṭṭhabbo. Vikappagāhavasena rāgādīhi, tabbipakkhehi ca akusalaṃ, kusalañca ārammaṇarasaṃ anubhavati, na vipāko kammavegakkhittattā, nāpi kiriyā ahetukānaṃ atidubbalatāya, sahetukānañca khīṇakilesassa chaḷaṅgupekkhāvato uppajjamānānaṃ atisantavuttittā. Ettha ca purimanaye kusalākusalameva vattuṃ adhippāyavasena ‘‘bhūtāpagata’’nti vuttaṃ. Yaṃ ‘‘uppannānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānāya uppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ṭhitiyā’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.651-662; vibha. 390-391) ettha ‘‘uppanna’’nti gahetvā taṃsadisānaṃ pahānaṃ, vuddhi ca vuttā. Pacchimanaye ca-saddena kusalākusalañca ākaḍḍhitvā sabbaṃ saṅkhataṃ vuttaṃ bhutvāpagatabhāvābhidhānādhippāyena. Vipaccituṃ okāsakaraṇavasena uppattitaṃ atītaṃ kammañca tato uppajjituṃ āraddho vipāko ca anāgato <span class="bld">okāsakatuppanno</span>ti vutto okāso kato etena, okāso kato etassāti ca atthadvayavasena, yaṃ uppannasaddena vināpi viññāyamānaṃ uppannaṃ sandhāya ‘‘nāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sañcetanikānaṃ kammāna’’ntiādi (a. ni. 10.217, 219) vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tāsu tāsu bhūmīsū</span>ti manussadevādiattabhāvasaṅkhātesu upādānakkhandhesu. Tasmiṃ tasmiṃ santāne <a name="V2.0471"></a> anuppattidhammataṃ anāpāditatāya <span class="bld">asamūhataṃ</span>. Asamūhatattāyeva hissa natthīti navattabbatāya uppannavohāro.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para834"></a><span class="paranum">834</span>. ‘‘Kā bhūmi, ko vā bhūmiladdho’’ti āsaṅkaṃ nivattetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ettha cā’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Vipassanāya ārammaṇabhūtā’’</span>ti etena khandhānaṃ apariññātataṃ dasseti, na ārammaṇabhāvamattaṃ tebhūmakaggahaṇeneva tassa siddhattā. Apariññātā hi khandhā kilesānaṃ bhūmīti adhippetā. <span class="bld">Khandhesu</span> vatthubhūtesu. <span class="bld">Ārammaṇavasenā</span>ti ārammaṇakaraṇavasena. <span class="bld">Atītānāgate,</span> pageva paccuppanneti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti taṃ aññasantānagataṃ <a name="M2.0501"></a> kilesajātaṃ. Tato aññasmiṃ santāne ārammaṇakaraṇamattena bhūmiladdhaṃ nāma yadi siyāti sambandho. <span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti kilesajātassa. <span class="bld">Appaheyyato</span> parasantatipatitattā <span class="bld">na koci bhavamūlaṃ pajaheyya</span>. Bhūmiladdhañhi anusayitaṃ nāma hotīti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Vatthuvasenā</span>ti uppattiṭṭhānavasena. <span class="bld">Yattha yattha</span> bhave, santāne vā. Pariññātānaṃ abhūmibhāvato <span class="bld">‘‘apariññātā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Uppādato pabhutī</span>ti tesaṃ khandhānaṃ uppajjanato paṭṭhāya. Kilesānaṃ appahīnabhāvaṃ ṭhapetvā aññassa kāraṇassa abhāvato <span class="bld">tesu</span> khandhesu <span class="bld">kilesajātaṃ anuseti,</span> tasmā <span class="bld">taṃ</span> anusayitaṃ kilesajātaṃ, teneva anusayanasaṅkhātena <span class="bld">appahīnaṭṭhena bhūmiladdhanti veditabbaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para835"></a><span class="paranum">835</span>. Tattha ca bhūmibhūtesu khandhesu na sabbe sabbesaṃ vatthū honti, atha kho viseso atthīti taṃ dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘yassa yesū’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">yassā</span>ti yassa puggalassa. <span class="bld">Yesū</span>ti satipi ajjhattabhāvasāmaññe yesu atītādikāmāvacarādibhedabhinnesu khandhesu. <span class="bld">Te eva</span> yathānusayitā <span class="bld">khandhā</span>. Kiṃ panete kilesā ārammaṇaṃ karontā viya paricchijja paricchijja anusentīti? Yato te eva khandhā tesaṃ kilesānaṃ vatthūti vuttā, na heva kho anusayānaṃ vatthuṃ paricchijja pavatti atthi. Atītādikāmāvacarādivasena pana yathāparicchinne vatthusmiṃ yo kilesānaṃ appahīnaṭṭho, so paricchijja pavatto viya hotīti <span class="bld">‘‘atītakkhandhesū’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tena vatthuvasena bhūmiladdhaṃ hotīti vatthubhedena siyā tassa bhedoti dasseti. Tathāvavatthitabhāvato eva hi ‘‘aññataro lolajātiko taṃ rasapathaviṃ aṅguliyā sāyī’’tiādivacanaṃ (dī. ni. 3.120) kāmāvacarakkhandhesu anusayitānaṃ rasataṇhādīnaṃ rūpārūpāvacarakkhandhe atikkamitvā puna kāmāvacarakkhandhavatthukataṃ vibhāveti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tathā kāmāvacarakkhandhesū’’</span>tiādi<a name="V2.0472"></a>. Yathā cettha rūpārūpāvacarakkhandhe atikkamitvā pavatti, evaṃ kāmāvacarakkhandhe atikkamitvā pavatti hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘esa nayo rūpārūpāvacaresū’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pariyuṭṭhānābhibhavanavasena ca kilesānaṃ anusayanaṭṭho anumīyati tadabhāve abhāvato. Yassa ye anusayā pahīnā, tesaṃ vatthu tena <a name="M2.0502"></a> samatikkantaṃ pariññātattāti kuto nesaṃ bhūmisamaññāti dassetuṃ vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sotāpannādīsu panā’’</span>tiādi. Idha <span class="bld">vaṭṭamūlakilesā</span>ti anusayā adhippetā, na avijjā, bhavataṇhā ca. <span class="bld">Yaṃ kiñci</span> cetanācetasikabhedaṃ, kāyikādibhedaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Itī</span>ti evaṃ, appahīnānusayattāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti puthujjanassa. Te panete anusayā atītādikāmāvacarādivasena yathāparicchinne tattha tattha vatthusmiṃ anusayantāpi te te pañcupādānakkhandhe avibhāgeneva vatthuṃ katvā anusentīti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘tassetaṃ vaṭṭamūla’’</span>ntiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para836"></a><span class="paranum">836</span>. Idāni tamatthaṃ anvayabyatirekavasena upamāya vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pathavīrasādi viyā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Rukkhagacchalatādīnaṃ paccayabhūto sasambhārapathaviyā raso <span class="bld">pathavīraso. Āporase</span>pi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Sākhā</span> nāma khuddakasākhā. <span class="bld">Pasākho</span> viṭapo. <span class="bld">Rukkhapaveṇi</span>nti rukkhaparāparaṃ. <span class="bld">Santānayamāne</span>ti aparāparaṃ anuppabandhante.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Maṇḍūkakaṇṭako</span>ti eko macchakaṇṭakoti vadanti. <span class="bld">Anupādāno</span>ti pahīnacaturupādāno, rūpādīsu vā kiñcipi agaṇhanto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para837"></a><span class="paranum">837</span>. Idha <span class="bld">samudācāro</span> nāma laddhattalābhatāti khaṇattayasamaṅgisamudācāruppannanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vattamānuppannameva samudācāruppanna’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Pubbabhāge anuppajjamānampī</span>ti tasmiṃ āpāthagate ārammaṇe ādito pavattajavanavāresu anuppajjamānampi. <span class="bld">Adhiggahitattā</span>ti ayonisomanasikārena abhiruyha gahitattā, daḷhaṃ gahitattāti attho. <span class="bld">Aparabhāge</span>ti aparasmiṃ kālabhāge, kālantareti attho. <span class="bld">Ekantena uppattito</span>ti paccayasamavāye sati tathā ayonisomanasikārassa tattha nibbattattā niyamena uppajjanato. <span class="bld">Kalyāṇigāme</span>ti evaṃnāmake gāme. Rohaṇe kira abhirūpānaṃ itthīnaṃ uppattiṭṭhānatāya so gāmo tathā vuccati. <span class="bld">Cittasantatimanāruḷha</span>nti paccuppannataṃ paṭisedheti. <span class="bld">‘‘Uppattinivārakassa hetuno abhāvā’’</span>ti etena paccaye <a name="V2.0473"></a> sati paccayasamavāye uppajjanārahatāya avikkhambhitassa uppannatāpariyāyoti dasseti. Nanu ca asamūhatuppannampi paccaye sati uppajjanārahameva? Saccametaṃ, pahānavisesabhāvakato <a name="M2.0503"></a> pana nesaṃ bhedo. Yathā avikkhambhitāsamūhatabhūmiladdhuppannaṃ sati paccayasamavāye uppajjanārahaṃ, evaṃ ārammaṇādhiggahituppannampīti tividhassāpi bhūmiladdhena ekasaṅgahatā vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para838"></a><span class="paranum">838</span>. Akusalampi bhūtāpagatuppannaṃ atītattā na pahātabbaṃ, tathā ekaccaṃ okāsakatuppannaṃ itaraṃ appahātabbato, sesadvayaṃ khaṇattayasamaṅgibhāvatoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘amaggavajjhattā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Kenacī</span>ti catūsu maggañāṇesu kenaci. <span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti yathāvuttassa catubbidhassapi uppannassa. <span class="bld">Taṃ uppannabhāvaṃ vināsayamāna</span>nti anuppattidhammatāpādanena uppajjanārahataṃ vināsentaṃ. Paṭhamaṃ lokiyañāṇena yathābalaṃ pahīnameva lokuttarañāṇaṃ pajahatīti lokiyaggahaṇaṃ kataṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Pariññādikiccakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para839"></a><span class="paranum">839</span>. <span class="bld">Saccābhisamayakālasmi</span>nti catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ paṭivijjhanakkhaṇe. <span class="bld">Vuttānī</span>ti ‘‘dukkhaṃ pariññeyya’’ntiādinā (saṃ. ni. 5.1099), ‘‘yo, bhikkhave, dukkhaṃ passatī’’tiādinā (saṃ. ni. 5.1100) ca vuttāni. <span class="bld">Yathāsabhāvenā</span>ti aviparītasabhāvena. ‘‘Jānitabbānī’’ti vatvā tesaṃ jānanavidhiṃ upamāvasena aṭṭhakathāyaṃ tāva vuttanayena dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vuttaṃ heta’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">yathā padīpo</span>tiādi ekassa ñāṇassa ekakkhaṇe cattāri kiccāni kathaṃ sambhavanti. Na hi tādisaṃ kiñci loke diṭṭhaṃ atthi, na ca vacanaṃ labbhatīti antolīnacodanaṃ manasi katvā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pariññābhisamayenā’’</span>ti. Anavasesato paricchijja jānanasaṅkhātena paṭivijjhanena <span class="bld">abhisameti</span> asammohavasena <span class="bld">paṭivijjhati. Pahānābhisamayenā</span>ti samucchedappahānasaṅkhātena paṭivijjhanena asammohato <span class="bld">abhisameti. Maggaṃ bhāvanābhisamayenā</span>ti maggañāṇaṃ sammāsaṅkappādisesamaggaṃ sahajātādipaccayatāvasena bhāvanābhisamayena. <span class="bld">Abhisameti</span> pubbabhāgabhāvanāsambhūtena ariyamaggabhāvanāsaṅkhātena paṭivijjhanena abhisameti aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ asammohato <a name="V2.0474"></a> paṭivijjhati. Maggañāṇañhi sampayuttadhammesu sammohaṃ viddhaṃsentaṃ attanipi sammohaṃ viddhaṃsetiyeva. <span class="bld">Nirodha</span>nti nibbānaṃ. <span class="bld">Sacchikiriyābhisamayenā</span>ti paccakkhakaraṇasaṅkhātena paṭivijjhanena. <span class="bld">Pāpuṇātī</span>ti <a name="M2.0504"></a> adhigacchati. Svāyaṃ adhigamo dassanapaṭivedhoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘passati paṭivijjhatī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Nirodhaṃ…pe… paṭivijjhatī’’</span>ti etena nirodhasaccamekaṃ ārammaṇapaṭivedhena cattāripi saccāni asammohapaṭivedhena maggañāṇaṃ paṭivijjhatīti evaṃ yuttivasena vibhāvitaṃ ekapaṭivedhaṃ āgamenapi sādhetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vuttampi ceta’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Sabbaṃ veditabba’’</span>nti iminā ‘‘yo dukkhasamudayaṃ passati, so dukkhampi passatī’’tiādinā (saṃ. ni. 5.1100) āgataṃ samudayaṃ saccādimūlakaṃ yojanaṃ saṅgaṇhāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Na cetaṃ kālantaradassanaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ, atha kho ekapaṭivedhamevāti dassentena ‘‘maggasamaṅgissa ñāṇaṃ, dukkhepetaṃ ñāṇa’’ntiādinā (vibha. 794; paṭi. ma. 1.109) aparaṃ suttapadaṃ ānītaṃ. Tathā hi ‘‘yo nu kho, āvuso, dukkhaṃ passati, dukkhasamudayampi so passati…pe… paṭipadampi so passatī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.1100) ekasaccadassanasamaṅgino aññasaccadassanasamaṅgibhāvavicāraṇāya tamatthaṃ sādhetuṃ āyasmatā <span class="bld">gavampati</span>ttherena vuttaṃ, paccekañca saccattayadassanayojanā katā. Aññathā kamābhisamaye purimadiṭṭhassa puna adassanato samudayādiṃ passato dukkhādidassanaṃ puna avattabbaṃ siyā, vuccamāne ca sabbadassanaṃ dassanantaraparamanti dassanānuparamo eva siyāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nissayabhāvahetutāya dukkhapariññāya vaṭṭijhāpanasadisatā, paṭipakkhaviddhaṃsanatāya samudayappahānassa andhakāravidhamanasadisatā, ñāṇālokaparibrūhanatāya maggabhāvanāya ālokaviddhaṃsanasadisatā, tena tena maggena yathā yathā nirodhassa sacchikiriyā, tathā tathā kilesasnehapariyādānaṃ hotīti nirodhasacchikiriyāya snehapariyādānasadisatā kāraṇūpacārena vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para840"></a><span class="paranum">840</span>. <span class="bld">Obhāsetī</span>ti pakāseti. <span class="bld">Kilesapaṭippassaddhi</span>nti sabbakilesadarathapariḷāhavūpasamabhāvato kilesānaṃ paṭippassaddhibhūtaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para841"></a><span class="paranum">841</span>. <span class="bld">Appetī</span>ti <a name="V2.0475"></a> pappoti. Dukkhapariññāya sakkāyatīrasamatikkamabhāvato orimatīrappahānasadisatā, maggabhāvanāya sattattiṃsabodhipakkhiyadhammāvahanatāya bhaṇḍavahanasadisatā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para842"></a><span class="paranum">842</span>. Pavattaṃ <a name="M2.0505"></a> ñāṇaṃ assāti <span class="bld">pavattañāṇo,</span> maggo. <span class="bld">Assa</span> maggassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tathaṭṭhenā</span>ti tathasabhāvena, pīḷanādiaviparītasabhāvenāti attho. <span class="bld">Ekapaṭivedhānī</span>ti ekajjhaṃ paṭivijjhitabbākārāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dukkhassa pīḷanaṭṭho</span>tiādīsu yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ heṭṭhā <span class="bld">buddhānussativaṇṇanāyaṃ</span> (visuddhi. mahāṭī. 1.144) vuttameva. <span class="bld">Ekasaṅgahitānī</span>ti ekeneva saṅgahitāni. Kena? Tathaṭṭhena, saccaṭṭhenāti attho. <span class="bld">Yaṃ ekasaṅgahita</span>ntiādi ñāṇassa ekapaṭivedhadassanaṃ. Maggañāṇañhi nirodhameva ārammaṇaṃ karontampi yo so dukkhādīsu tacchāvipallāsabhūtabhāvasaṅkhāto saccaṭṭho, tappaṭicchādakasammohaviddhaṃsanena taṃ yāthāvato paṭivijjhantaṃ paccakkhaṃ karontameva pavattati. Yato aparabhāge pīḷanādayo soḷasapi saccaṭṭhā ariyassa hatthāmalakaṃ viya yāthāvato upaṭṭhahanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para843"></a><span class="paranum">843</span>. <span class="bld">Atthā</span>ti ñāṇena araṇīyato atthāti laddhasamaññā ākārā. <span class="bld">Aññasaccadassanavasenā</span>ti samudayādisaccantaradassanavasena. <span class="bld">Āvibhāvato</span>ti pakāsabhāvato. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – ye ākārā dukkhādīsu sabhāvavasena, saccantaradassanavasena ca āvibhavanti, te pīḷanādayo cattāroyevāti soḷaseva vuttā, na aññeti. Ayamattho idhādhippetoti kathamidaṃ viññāyatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tattha katamaṃ dukkhe ñāṇa’’</span>ntiādi. Tenetaṃ dasseti – yasmā pāḷiyaṃ visuṃ visuṃ ārammaṇakaraṇavasenapi saccañāṇaṃ vuttaṃ kiccanibbattivasenapi, tasmā viññāyati ‘‘sabhāvato, saccantaradassanato ca saccānaṃ ākārā āvibhavantī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kiccanibbattivasena dassanaṃ āvibhāvato dassanasadisanti taṃ anāmasitvā itarameva dassento <span class="bld">‘‘tatthā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti tesu dvīsu dassanesu. <span class="bld">Āyūhita</span>nti piṇḍavasena nibbattitaṃ. Yañhi kiñci paccayuppannaṃ nāma, sabbaṃ taṃ samuditameva nibbattatīti. <span class="bld">Saṅkhata</span>nti paccayantarehi samecca sambhūya kataṃ. <span class="bld">Rāsikata</span>nti puñjakataṃ. Anekameva hi paccayuppannaṃ ekajjhaṃ <a name="V2.0476"></a> nibbattamānaṃ attano paccayehi rāsikataṃ viya hotīti. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti samudayena āyūhitattā. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti dukkhasaccassa. Yasmiṃ santāne uppanno<a name="M2.0506"></a>, tassa <span class="bld">kilesasantāpaharo</span>. Sayampi kilesapariḷāhābhāvato <span class="bld">susītalo. Santāpaṭṭho āvibhavati</span> uḷāradassanena tadaññassa anuḷārabhāvo viyāti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘āyasmato’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Avipariṇāmadhammassa</span> niccasabhāvassa <span class="bld">vattabbameva natthi</span> paṭipakkhato āvibhavanākārassa sukhasiddhito.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nidānaṭṭho āvibhavati</span> idamassa nidadātīti. Saṃyogapalibodhaṭṭhā paṭipakkhavasena āvibhavanākārāti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘visaṃyogabhūtassā’’</span>tiādi. Kilesadukkhehi saṃyojanaṭṭho <span class="bld">saṃyogaṭṭho</span>. Saṃsāracārake palibuddhanaṭṭho <span class="bld">palibodhaṭṭho</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kilesasaṅgaṇikādivasena <span class="bld">avivekabhūtassa. Vivekaṭṭho</span> upadhivivekatā. Sabbasaṅkhāravivittatā asaṅkhatabhāvoti evaṃ acchariyabbhutasabhāvopi ariyamaggo saṅkhato eva, ayameva ca eko asaṅkhatoti nirodhassa asaṅkhatabhāvo supākaṭo hoti. <span class="bld">Dukkhaṃ visaṃ</span> maraṇadhammato tassa agadabhūtaṃ <span class="bld">amataṃ nibbānaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Maggo’’ti sambhāvetabbataṃ patto sukhumasantabhāvena upaṭṭhito nikantibhūtopi <span class="bld">nāyaṃ</span> samudayo <span class="bld">hetu nibbānassa pattiyā. Ayaṃ</span> ariyamaggo <span class="bld">hetū</span>ti maggāmaggañāṇadassane vuttanayena maggassa <span class="bld">hetuṭṭho āvibhavati. Nirodhadassanenā</span>ti ativiya nipuṇassa paramagambhīrassa nirodhasaccassa dassanena. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘paramasukhumānī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Dukkhadassanenā</span>ti ativiya ādīnavappattiyā vipulatarādīnavassa dukkhasaccassa dassanena. Tappaṭipakkhato <span class="bld">ādhipateyyaṭṭho</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘anekarogātura…pe… uḷārabhāvo viyā’’</span>ti. Evamete yathārahaṃ anvayato, byatirekato ca saccesu āvibhavanākārā vibhāvitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekekassā</span>ti ekekassa atthassa, pīḷanāyūhananissaraṇaniyyānaṭṭhe sandhāyāha. <span class="bld">Tiṇṇaṃ tiṇṇa</span>nti saṅkhatādiatthe. <span class="bld">Ye pana</span> vādino. <span class="bld">Nānābhisamaya</span>nti nānāñāṇena abhisamayaṃ, catunnaṃ saccānaṃ nānākkhaṇe nānāñāṇena paṭivijjhananti attho. Yadi hi maggañāṇassa catūsu saccesu nānābhisamayo siyā, dukkhadassanādīhi paṭhamamaggādīhi pahātabbānaṃ saṃyojanattayādīnaṃ <a name="M2.0507"></a> ekadesappahānaṃ āpajjati. Tathā ca sati ekadesasotāpattimaggaṭṭhatādippasaṅgo. Taṃtaṃdassanānantarañca <a name="V2.0477"></a> taṃtaṃphalena bhavitabbanti taṃtaṃpaheyyakilesapaṭippassaddhibhūtānaṃ phalānaṃ maggānaṃ viya catukkatā siyā. Tathā ca sati ekadesasotāpannatādippasaṅgo. Kiñca bhiyyo – yadi maggañāṇassa nānābhisamayo siyā, aññena ñāṇena dukkhaṃ passati. Aññena samudayaṃ, aññena nirodhaṃ, aññena maggaṃ, evaṃ sati maggakiccaṃ aparipuṇṇameva siyā. Maggadassanena hi dvayagati, teneva vā tassa dassanaṃ, aññena vāti. Tattha paṭhamo tāva pakkho na yujjati attani pavattiyā asambhavato. Na hi teneva aṅgulaggena tameva parāmasituṃ sakkā. Atha aññena anavaṭṭhānappasaṅgo ‘‘yena maggaṃ passati, sopi maggo. Tampi yena passati, sopi maggo’’ti. Tasmā ekābhisamayato yathāvutto asammohapaṭivedhova yutto. Apica paricchinditabbaṃ, samucchinditabbañca saccadvayaṃ ārabbha pavattamānassa maggañāṇassa paricchindanasamucchindanāni na sambhavanti tato anissaraṇato. Na hi dukkhapariññāsamudayappahānāni dukkhasamudayasaccārammaṇena ñāṇena kātuṃ sakkuṇeyyāni. Nibbānārammaṇena pana tattha, itaradvaye ca sammohaṃ viddhaṃsentena sakkā kātunti ekābhisamayo eva yutto. Ayaṃ pana attho pāḷiyaṃ āgato evāti <span class="bld">‘‘tesaṃ uttaraṃ abhidhamme kathāvatthusmiṃ vuttamevā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Pariññādippabhedakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para845"></a><span class="paranum">845</span>. <span class="bld">Abhiññāpaññā</span>tiādīnaṃ attho heṭṭhā vuttoyeva. Apica sutamayāya, cintāmayāya, ekaccabhāvanāmayāya ca abhivisiṭṭhāya paññāya ñātā <span class="bld">abhiññātā. Āveṇikā bhūmi</span> pariññantarānaṃ avisayabhāvato. Na hi nāmarūpaparicchedapaccayapariggahaṇavasena tīraṇapariññādīnaṃ pavatti atthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para846"></a><span class="paranum">846</span>. Anulomañāṇampi aniccādivaseneva saṅkhāre ārabbha pavattati, pageva paṭisaṅkhānupassanādayoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yāva anulomā āveṇikā bhūmī’’</span>ti. Kāmañcettha tīraṇapariññābhūmiyaṃ ñātappahānapariññāyopi laddhāvasarā, tattha pana yathā tīraṇapariññā sātisayaṃ kiccakārī, na tathā itarāti āveṇikaggahaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para847"></a><span class="paranum">847</span>. Nippariyāyena <a name="M2.0508"></a> pahānapariññā nāma maggañāṇanti <span class="bld">‘‘yāva maggañāṇā bhūmī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ<a name="V2.0478"></a>. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ idha adhippetā</span>ti idha abhisamayakāle kiccavicāre ayaṃ pahānapariññā adhippetā tadatthattā sesapariññānaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yasmā vā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tadatthāyevā</span>ti pahānapariññatthā eva. Atha vā <span class="bld">tadatthāyevā</span>ti pahānatthā eva. Atha vā <span class="bld">tadatthāyevā</span>ti maggatthā eva. Ñātatīraṇapariññā hi yāvadeva maggādhigamatthāya pavattā. <span class="bld">Niyamato ñātā ceva tīritā ca honti</span> ñātatīritabhāvehi vinā pahānābhāvato, pahānasiddhiyañca ñātatīritabhāvasiddhito. Maggañāṇañhi dukkhe pariññābhisamayavasena pavattamānaṃ tassa sabhāvalakkhaṇaṃ viya sāmaññalakkhaṇampi paṭivijjhatīti vuccati tappaṭicchādakasammohaviddhaṃsanato. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘pariññattayampi…pe… veditabba’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para848"></a><span class="paranum">848</span>. <span class="bld">Pariññā viyā</span>ti tividhatāsāmaññaṃ nidasseti, na pariññāpahātabbatāsāmaññaṃ vikkhambhanappahānassa aripaññākiccabhāvato. Kāmacchandādayo yathā na cittaṃ pariyuṭṭhāya tiṭṭhanti, evaṃ pariyuṭṭhānassa nisedhanaṃ appavattikaraṇaṃ vikkhambhanaṃ, vikkhambhanameva pahānaṃ <span class="bld">vikkhambhanappahānaṃ. Pākaṭattā</span>ti ‘‘ayaṃ abyāpannacitto vigatathinamiddho’’tiādinā (a. ni. 4.198) paresampi pākaṭattā. <span class="bld">‘‘Na sahasā cittaṃ ajjhottharantī’’</span>ti idaṃ paṭiladdhamattassa jhānassa vasena vuttaṃ, subhāvite pana paguṇajjhāne yāva carimakacittampi na ajjhottharanteva. Atha vā <span class="bld">jhānassa pubbabhāgepī</span>ti jhānādhigamatthāya pubbabhāgapaṭipattiyā. <span class="bld">Pacchābhāgepī</span>ti jhānaṃ labhitvā aññakiccappasutassapi. <span class="bld">Vitakkādayo</span>ti vitakkavicārapītisukharūpasaññādayo. Dutiyajjhānādīnaṃ paṭipakkhā dutiyādīsu appitesuyeva vikkhambhanti, tato tato vuṭṭhitamattassa pana pavattanti parittacittavaseneva vuṭṭhahanato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para849"></a><span class="paranum">849</span>. <span class="bld">‘‘Padīpena andhakārassa viyā’’</span>ti idaṃ paṭipakkhena pahīnabhāvadassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Paṭipakkho hi padīpo andhakārassa, ghaṭappahāro pana sevālassa na paṭipakkho, kevalaṃ pavattinivāraṇamattameva karotīti. Tena asatipi ujuvipaccanīkatāya dutiyajjhānādīnaṃ vitakkādīnaṃ vikkhambhanassa taṃ nidassanaṃ suṭṭhutaraṃ yujjati. <span class="bld">‘‘Vipassanāya avayavabhūtenā’’</span>ti idaṃ idhādhikatatadaṅgappahānassa <a name="M2.0509"></a> dassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Sīlavisodhanādināpi hi tadaṅgappahānaṃ hotiyevāti. <span class="bld">Ñāṇaṅgenā</span>ti ñāṇasaṅkhātena kāraṇena. Tadaṅgena tadaṅgassa pahānaṃ <span class="bld">tadaṅgappahānaṃ</span>. Sati vijjamāne khandhapañcakasaṅkhāte kāye, sayaṃ vā tattha sati diṭṭhi <span class="bld">sakkāyadiṭṭhi,</span> ‘‘rūpaṃ attato <a name="V2.0479"></a> samanupassatī’’tiādinā (saṃ. ni. 3.81; 4.345) nayena vuttā attānudiṭṭhi. Soḷasavatthukā, aṭṭhavatthukā ca kaṅkhāva malaṃ <span class="bld">kaṅkhāmalaṃ. Samūhagāhassā</span>ti ‘‘attā attaniya’’nti evaṃ pavattasamūhagahaṇassa pahānaṃ kalāpasammasanena ekādasasu okāsesu pakkhipitvā vikiraṇavasena khandhānaṃ dassanato. <span class="bld">Assādasaññāyā</span>ti pañcakkhandhe assādanavasena pavattamicchāsaññāya. <span class="bld">Appaṭisaṅkhānassā</span>ti paṭisaṅkhānapaṭipakkhassa mohassa. <span class="bld">Anupekkhanassā</span>ti apekkhāya. Saṅkhāresu niccādigāho <span class="bld">saccapaṭilomagāho</span> maggasaccādhigamassa vilomanato. Sādīnavesu anādīnavasaññitā, anādīnave ca sādīnavasaññitā <span class="bld">saccapaṭilomagāho</span>ti ca vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ visuddhikkamena tadaṅgappahānaṃ dassetvā idāni aṭṭhārasamahāvipassanāvasenapi taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ vā panā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha yaṃ vā pana pahānanti sambandho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para850"></a><span class="paranum">850</span>. <span class="bld">Vuttameva</span> ‘‘sabbaṃ saṅkhāragataṃ aniccato anupassatī’’tiādinā (visuddhi. 2.742).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Santatisamūhakiccārammaṇānaṃ vasena ghanaggahaṇaṃ ghanasaññā, tassā <span class="bld">ghanasaññāya</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nirodhe adhimuttatā, tāyā</span>ti tiyaddhagatānaṃ saṅkhārānaṃ nirodhameva disvā tattha adhimuccanavasena pavattapaññā, tāya. <span class="bld">Āyūhanassā</span>ti abhisaṅkharaṇassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Taṃ taṃ pariccheda</span>nti ādānanikkhepādikaṃ taṃ taṃ paricchedaṃ. <span class="bld">Aññathāpavattidassana</span>nti vuttaparicchedato pubbe, pacchā ca aññākārappavattiyā dassanaṃ, avatthāvisesappavattidassanaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Dhuvasaññāyā</span>ti thirabhāvaggahaṇassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sārādānābhinivesassā</span>ti <a name="M2.0510"></a> asāresu sāragahaṇābhinivesassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Saṃsayamicchāñāṇānaṃ vasena sammuyhanaṃ sammoho, so eva abhinivesoti <span class="bld">sammohābhiniveso</span>. Saṅkhāresu leṇatāṇabhāvaggahaṇaṃ <span class="bld">ālayābhiniveso,</span> atthato bhavanikanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā <a name="V2.0480"></a> cittaṃ saṅkhāre muñcitvā vivaṭṭaṃ nibbānaṃ pakkhandati, tathā pavattanato saṅkhārupekkhā ca anulomañca ‘‘vivaṭṭānupassanā’’ti vuttaṃ. Niviṭṭhabhāvena ogāḷhabhāvena pavattasaṃyojanādikilesā eva <span class="bld">kilesābhiniveso. Nibbedhabhāgiyaṃ samādhi</span>nti vipassanāsamādhimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para851"></a><span class="paranum">851</span>. <span class="bld">Asanivicakkaṃ</span> asanimaṇḍalaṃ. <span class="bld">Evaṃ pahāna</span>nti anuppattidhammatāpādanamāha. Kammakilesānaṃ, sabbesampi vā saṅkhārānaṃ khayaṃ nirodhaṃ gacchatīti <span class="bld">khayagāmī,</span> ariyamaggo. Lokuttaraggahaṇeneva siddhepi khayagāmiggahaṇaṃ vaṇṇabhaṇanatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Samucchedappahānamevā</span>ti avadhāraṇaṃ nippariyāyataṃ upādāya. <span class="bld">Tadatthānevā</span>ti samucchedappahānatthāneva. Tena vikkhambhanatadaṅgappahānānaṃ maggasambhāratamāha tehi vinā asijjhanato. Atha vā <span class="bld">tadatthānevā</span>ti maggatthāneva. Tena tadatthatāya tesaṃ taṃkiccataṃ dasseti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tasmā’’</span>tiādi. Tamevatthaṃ upamāya dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘paṭirājānaṃ vadhitvā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Yampi tato pubbe kata</span>nti yaṃ tatorajjappattito pubbe kataṃ paccantasādhanaduggaviddhaṃsanādi. Yathā <span class="bld">idañcidañca raññā katantiyeva vuccati,</span> evaṃ lokiyañāṇena sādhitānipi vikkhambhanatadaṅgappahānāni samucchedappahānavasena pavattassa maggassa kiccabhāvena vuccanti, tadatthatāya, tesaṃ taṃsantatipatitatāya ca maggassāti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para852"></a><span class="paranum">852</span>. Lokiyassa, lokiyā vā sacchikiriyā <span class="bld">lokiyasacchikiriyā</span>. Evaṃ <span class="bld">lokuttarasacchikiriyā</span> veditabbā. <span class="bld">Lābhīmhī</span>ti lābhī amhi. Tathā <span class="bld">vasīmhī</span>ti etthāpi. <span class="bld">Paccakkhato ñāṇaphassenā</span>ti paccakkhato ārammaṇakaraṇasaṅkhātena ñāṇaphassanena. <span class="bld">‘‘Paccakkhato’’</span>ti ca iminā anumānato ārammaṇakaraṇaṃ nivatteti, ‘‘īdisamida’’nti paccavekkhaṇavasena paccakkhato jānanaṃ hettha ‘‘ñāṇaphasso’’ti adhippeto. <span class="bld">Phassitā</span>ti ñāṇena phuṭṭhā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Jhānamaggaphalāni <a name="M2.0511"></a> viya attano santāne anuppādetvāpi tappaṭicchādakasammohaviddhaṃsanavasena tathāviddhaṃsanapavattañāṇaṃ <span class="bld">aparappaccayañāṇaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Passanto</span> paccakkhato jānanto. <span class="bld">Amatogadha</span>nti amatapariyāpannaṃ, amatasaṅkhātanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sotāpattimaggo paṭhamaṃ nibbānadassanato dassanaṃ, tena dassanena sacchikiriyā <span class="bld">dassanasacchikiriyā</span>. Kiñcāpi gotrabhuñāṇaṃ tato paṭhamataraṃ nibbānaṃ passati, ālambanakaraṇato <a name="V2.0481"></a> disvā kattabbakiccākaraṇato pana na dassananti vuccati. <span class="bld">Sā duvidhāpī</span>ti sā dassanabhāvanāvasena duvidhāpi sacchikiriyā. <span class="bld">Dassanabhāvanāvasenā</span>ti dassanamaggabhāvanāmaggavasena. Tena amaggavasena pavattanibbānassa paccavekkhaṇasacchikiriyaṃ nivatteti. <span class="bld">Nibbānassā</span>ti pana iminā maggaphalesu paccavekkhaṇasacchikiriyaṃ. <span class="bld">Imassa ñāṇassā</span>ti imassa yathādhigatassa lokuttarañāṇassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para853"></a><span class="paranum">853</span>. <span class="bld">Abhimatā</span>ti adhippetā. Bhāvanā nāma uppādanā, santānaparibhāvanā cāti tadubhayaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘lokiyāna’’</span>ntiādimāha. Yadaggena hi lokiyā kusalādayo uppāditā, vaḍḍhitā ca, tadaggenassa sīlabhāvanā, kāyabhāvanā, cittabhāvanā, paññābhāvanā ca lokiyā nipphāditā hoti, tāya ca santānopi paribhāvitoti. <span class="bld">Tāsu</span> lokiyalokuttarabhāvanāsu <span class="bld">idha</span> ñāṇadassanavisuddhikathāyaṃ <span class="bld">lokuttara</span>bhāvanā <span class="bld">adhippetā,</span> na itarā tassā sambhārabhāvato. <span class="bld">Catubbidhampetaṃ ñāṇa</span>nti etaṃ catubbidhampi ariyamaggañāṇaṃ lokuttarāni sammāvācādibhedāni <span class="bld">sīlādīni uppādeti</span>. Kathaṃ? Sahajātādipaccayatāya. <span class="bld">Sīlādīnī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena samādhissa gahaṇaṃ, na paññāya. Na hi tadeva taṃ uppādeti, maggacittuppādo pana uppādeti. Tadantogadhabhāvā sammāsaṅkappo. So hi pañcakkhandhasaṅgahitoti vadanti. <span class="bld">Sīlādīnī</span>ti vā phalasīlādīnampi gahaṇanti paññāyapi gahaṇaṃ yujjatiyeva. <span class="bld">Sahajātapaccayāditāyā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena anantarapaccayāditāyapi saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Tehi ca santānaṃ vāsetī</span>ti tehi samucchindanapaṭipassambhanavasena pavattehi lokuttarehi sīlādīhi ariyapuggalo attano santānaṃ paribhāveti. Yaṃ nissāya parāvuttīti vadanti. Yathā pariññattayampi <a name="M2.0512"></a> pahānattayampi maggañāṇassa kiccanti vuttaṃ pariyāyena, na evamidha. Idha pana <span class="bld">lokuttarabhāvanāva assa</span> maggañāṇassa <span class="bld">kiccaṃ</span>. Na hettha bhāvanāya pariyāyo labbhatīti avadhāraṇaṃ. Tena lokiyabhāvanaṃ nivatteti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evaṃ sarūpeneva āgatāyā</span>ti ‘‘cittaṃ bhāvaya’’nti samādhi viya cittasīsena anāgantvā ‘‘paññaṃ bhāvaya’’nti evaṃ sarūpeneva āgatāya paññāya. <span class="bld">Yaṃ vuttaṃ</span> uddesavasena. <span class="bld">Ettāvatā taṃ vitthāritaṃ hoti</span>. Ayañca pañho vissajjito hotīti sambandho.</p>
<p class="centered">Ñāṇadassanavisuddhiniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti bāvīsatimaparicchedavaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="chapter">23. Paññābhāvanānisaṃsaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">Ānisaṃsapakāsanāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para854"></a><span class="paranum">854</span>. <span class="bld">Anekasatānisaṃsā</span> <a name="M2.0513"></a><a name="V2.0482"></a> sāvakabodhiādivipulodātaguṇavisesāvahattā. <span class="bld">Vitthārato</span>ti nayadassanaṃ akatvā ‘‘ayampi paññābhāvanāya ānisaṃso, ayampī’’ti anupadadassanavasena vitthārato pakāsetuṃ na sukaraṃ atibahubhāvato. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti paññābhāvanāya. <span class="bld">Nānākilesaviddhaṃsana</span>nti sakkāyadiṭṭhivicikicchādivasena nānāvidhānaṃ kilesadhammānaṃ tadaṅgādivasena pajahanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ariyaphalarasānubhavana</span>nti sotāpattiphalādiphalasukhapaṭisaṃvedanaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Nānākilesaviddhaṃsanakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para855"></a><span class="paranum">855</span>. ‘‘Ariyaphalarasānubhavana’’nti eteneva kilesānaṃ paṭippassaddhippahānaṃ dīpīyatīti <span class="bld">‘‘ariyamaggakkhaṇe’’</span>ti visesavacanaṃ, tabbhāvabhāvato vā. Siddhe hi samucchedappahāne paṭippassaddhippahānaṃ siddhameva hotīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhīmavegānupatitā</span>ti sakalaṃ lokaṃ bhindantena viya bhīmena bhayānakena vegena sahasā patitā. <span class="bld">Siluccaye</span>ti pabbate selaputhule. <span class="bld">Satejujjalamaṇḍalo</span>ti saradakālasamiddhena attano tejasā samujjaladuddikkhamaṇḍalo. Vadhabandhanādiduggatiparipakkilesādijātiādi<span class="bld">sabbānatthavidhāyakaṃ. Sandiṭṭhika</span>nti paccakkhabhūtaṃ. <span class="bld">Jaññā</span>ti jāneyya. <span class="bld">Idhā</span>ti imissaṃ paññābhāvanāyaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Phalasamāpattikathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para856"></a><span class="paranum">856</span>. Ariyassa <a name="V2.0483"></a> maggassa phalaṃ <span class="bld">ariyaphalaṃ,</span> ariyañca taṃ visuddhattā phalañcātipi <span class="bld">ariyaphalaṃ,</span> tassa <span class="bld">raso,</span> paṭippassaddhivimuttisukhaṃ, <span class="bld">anubhavanaṃ</span> nibbānārammaṇassa tassa paṭisevanaṃ. <span class="bld">Tatrā</span>ti tesu dvīsu ākāresu. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti ariyaphalassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para857"></a><span class="paranum">857</span>. Saṃyojanesu <a name="M2.0514"></a> pahīnesu sabbepi kilesā pahīnāyeva hontīti saṃyojanānaṃyeva gahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṃyojanappahānamattameva</span> ariyamaggassa <span class="bld">phalaṃ nāma,</span> na aññaṃ kiñci atthantaraṃ vipākabhūtanti adhippāyo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘phalaṃ nāma na koci añño dhammo atthī’’</span>ti. Ke panetaṃ vadantīti? Andhakādayo. Te hi ‘‘arahattaṃ arahattanti, āvuso, vuccati…pe… mohakkhayo’’ti (saṃ. ni. 4.315) suttapadassa atthaṃ aññathā gahetvā nippariyāyato ‘‘arahattaṃ nāma kiñci natthi, kilesappahānameva tathā voharīyatī’’ti vadantā sesaphalepi paṭikkhipanti. <span class="bld">Idaṃ suttampī</span>ti paṭisambhidāmaggapāḷimāha. Pakaṭṭho ukkaṭṭho yogoti payogo, ariyamaggo, payoganimittaṃ jātakilesānaṃ paṭippassaddhi <span class="bld">payogapaṭippassaddhi</span>. Yā pana ariyamaggassa bhāvitattā labbhamānāpi yassā vipākapaññāya nippajjamānāya nippajjati, sā paṭippassaddhiyaṃ nipphādetabbāyaṃ paññāti <span class="bld">paṭippassaddhipaññā</span>ti vuttā. <span class="bld">Sammādiṭṭhi micchādiṭṭhiyā vuṭṭhātī</span>ti sammādiṭṭhiyā ujuvipaccanīkadassanavasena vatvā tadaññatopi vuṭṭhānaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tadanuvattakakilesehī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ, tassā micchādiṭṭhiyā sampayogato, upanissayato ca anuvattakakilesehi. Tena tadekaṭṭhappahānamāha. <span class="bld">Khandhehī</span>ti tadanuvattakakkhandhehi, tāya micchādiṭṭhiyā sampayuttakkhandhehi ceva tappaccayā āyatiṃ uppajjanakkhandhehi cāti attho. <span class="bld">Bahiddhā ca sabbanimittehī</span>ti yathāvuttakilesakkhandhehi bahiddhābhūtehi vipassanāya gocarabhūtehi sabbasaṅkhāranimittehi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ maggakiccaṃ dassetvā idāni tassa vasena phalaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tampayogapaṭippassaddhattā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">tampayogapaṭippassaddhattā</span>ti tassa ajjhattabahiddhā vuṭṭhānādipayogassa paṭippassaddhattā. Maggo hi nimittato, pavattato ca vuṭṭhahanto kilese pajahatīti attano khaṇe taṃ payogaṃ karoti nāma, phalakkhaṇe panassa so payogo paṭippassaddho vūpasanto nāma hoti. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘tampayogapaṭippassaddhattā’’ti. <span class="bld">Uppajjatī</span>ti maggānantaraṃ <a name="V2.0484"></a> dvikkhattuṃ vā tikkhattuṃ vā uppajjati. Phalasamāpattikāle pana bahukkhattuṃ, nirodhā vuṭṭhahantassa dvikkhattuṃ uppajjati. Sabbampi yathāvuttapayogapaṭippassaddhinimittaṃ uppajjanato ‘‘tampayogapaṭippassaddhattā uppajjatī’’ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Maggassetaṃ phala</span>nti yathāvuttā vipākā sammādiṭṭhi nāma, etaṃ ariyamaggassa <a name="M2.0515"></a> phalanti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Vitthāretabba</span>nti ‘‘sotāpattimaggakkhaṇe abhiniropanaṭṭhena sammāsaṅkappo micchāsaṅkappā’’tiādinā (paṭi. ma. 1.63) saṅkappādivasena, sesamaggavasena ca vitthārato veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cattāri ca sāmaññaphalāni, ime dhammā appamāṇārammaṇā</span>ti appamāṇārammaṇatāya maggehi nibbisesatāya. Tathā nevasaññānāsaññāyatanasaṅkhāto mahaggato dhammo nirodhato vuṭṭhānavelāyaṃ appamāṇassa dhammassa anantarapaccayena paccayoti ariyaphalassa anantarapaccayatāya ca dīpanāti <span class="bld">evamādīnipi ettha</span> ariyaphalassa sabhāvadhammabhāvena atthitāya <span class="bld">sādhakāni,</span> na yathādassitapaṭisambhidāmaggapāḷiyevāti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para858"></a><span class="paranum">858</span>. <span class="bld">Phalasamāpattiya</span>nti phalapavattisaṅkhātāya samāpattiyaṃ. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti ariyaphalassa. Sarūpakattukāraṇākāraṭṭhitivuṭṭhānānantaravasena <span class="bld">idaṃ pañhākammaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para859"></a><span class="paranum">859</span>. <span class="bld">Ariyaphalassa nirodhe appanā</span>ti ariyassa phalajhānassa nibbāne ārammaṇabhūte appanākārena pavatti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para860"></a><span class="paranum">860</span>. <span class="bld">Sabbepi puthujjanā</span>ti jhānasamāpattilābhinopi puthujjanā na samāpajjanti, pageva itare. <span class="bld">Ariyā sabbepi</span> phalasamāpattiṃ <span class="bld">samāpajjantī</span>ti kāmaṃ sāmaññajotanā, sā pana visesaniviṭṭhāyeva hoti. <span class="bld">Adhigatattā</span>ti pana hetukittanaṃ. Uparimānampi heṭṭhimāya lokiyasamāpattiyā viya samāpajjanaṃ sādhentaṃ viya ṭhitanti taṃ nivattento <span class="bld">‘‘uparimā panā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">uparimā</span>ti sakadāgāmiādayo. <span class="bld">Heṭṭhima</span>nti sotāpattiphalādiṃ. <span class="bld">Na samāpajjanti</span> satipi adhigatatte. Kasmāti ce? Kāraṇamāha <span class="bld">‘‘puggalantarabhāvūpagamanena paṭippassaddhattā’’</span>ti. Etena uparimo ariyo heṭṭhimaṃ phalasamāpattiṃ samāpajjati attanā adhigatattā, yathā taṃ lokiyasamāpattinti, evaṃ pavattaṃ hetuṃ byabhicāreti. Na hi lokiyajjhānesu puggalantarabhāvūpagamanaṃ nāma atthi visesābhāvato. Idha pana asamugghāṭitakammakilesanirodhanena <a name="V2.0485"></a> puthujjanehi viya sotāpannassa, sotāpannādīhi sakadāgāmiādīnaṃ puggalantarabhāvūpagamanaṃ atthi. Yato heṭṭhimā heṭṭhimā phaladhammā uparūpari maggadhammehi <a name="M2.0516"></a> nivattitā paṭipakkhehi viya abhibhūtā appavattidhammataṃyeva āpannā. Tenāha ‘‘paṭippassaddhattā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica kusalakiriyapavatti nāma aññādisī, vipākapavatti ca aññādisī, anantaraphalattā ca lokuttarakusalānaṃ heṭṭhimato uparimo bhavantaragato viya hoti. Taṃtaṃphalavaseneva hi ariyānaṃ sotāpannādināmalābho. Te sace aññaphalasamaṅginopi honti, sotāpannādināmampi tesaṃ avaṭṭhitaṃ siyā, tena tena jhānena gahitapaṭisandhiko viyāti tassa tassa ariyassa taṃ taṃ phalaṃ bhavaṅgasadisanti na uparimassa heṭṭhimaphalasamaṅgitāya lesopi sambhavati, kuto tassa samāpajjananti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Heṭṭhimā ca uparima</span>nti heṭṭhimā ca sotāpannādayo ariyā uparimaṃ sakadāgāmiphalādiṃ na samāpajjantīti sambandho. Tattha kāraṇamāha <span class="bld">‘‘anadhigatattā’’</span>ti. Na hi anadhigatasamāpattiṃ samāpajjituṃ sakkā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Attano attanoyeva pana phalaṃ samāpajjantī’’</span>ti iminā sabbepi ariyā attano attano phalasamāpattiṃ samāpajjantīti atthe āpanne tattha kesañci matibhedaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘keci panā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ete hi samādhismiṃ paripūrakārino</span>ti yasmā hi te ‘‘uparimā dve’’ti vuttā anāgāmino, arahanto ca samādhismiṃ paripūrakārino, itare pana sīlesu paripūrakārino, tasmā dve eva phalasamāpattiṃ samāpajjantīti. Na hi samādhipāripūriyā vinā samāpattivaḷañjanaṃ sambhavatīti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti ‘‘samādhismiṃ paripūrakārino’’ti tehi vuttakāraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Akāraṇamevā</span>ti ayuttiyeva. Kasmāti ce? Āha <span class="bld">‘‘puthujjanassāpī’’</span>tiādi. Tassattho – sabbaso asamucchinnakilesassa puthujjanassāpi attanā paṭiladdhalokiyasamāpattisamāpajjanaṃ labbhati, kimaṅgaṃ pana samucchinnekaccakilesānaṃ heṭṭhimānaṃ ariyānaṃ, tasmā tesaṃ samādhismiṃ aparipūrakāritā attano phalasamāpattiṃ asamāpajjanassa akāraṇanti. Yutticintā nāma pāḷianāruḷhe atthe yuttā, ayaṃ panattho pāḷiāruḷhoti kāraṇāpadese anādarakaraṇamukhena pāḷiṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘kiñcetthā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Sotāpattimaggapaṭilābhatthāyā</span>ti sotāpattimaggassa samadhigamāya. <span class="bld">Sotāpattiphalasamāpattatthāyā</span>ti sotāpattiphalasamāpattiyā samāpajjanatthaṃ. Esa nayo sesesupi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha <a name="M2.0517"></a><a name="V2.0486"></a> ca ‘‘suññatavihārasamāpattatthāya animittavihārasamāpattatthāyā’’tiādinā sarūpato uddhaṭattā tato pubbe āgatā maggaphalavārā appaṇihitavasena vuttā. Tattha anattānupassanāmukhena, aniccānupassanāmukhena ca pavattānaṃ phalasamāpattīnaṃ purecarā gotrabhudhammā navadasabhāvena vuttāti veditabbā. ‘‘Sotāpattiphalasamāpattatthāyā’’tiādinā pana catūsupi phalesu ekasadisaṃ desanāya āgatattā sotāpannasakadāgāminopi attano phalaṃ samāpajjantīti viññāyati. Maggānantaraphalavasena taṃ vuttanti ca na sakkā vattuṃ vipassanāvasena dasannaṃ gotrabhudhammānaṃ dassanavasena desanāya āraddhattā, maggavāreneva ca tadatthasiddhito. Na ca maggānantaraṃ phalaṃ ‘‘phalasamāpattī’’ti vuccati visuṃ parikammābhāvato. Tasmā phalasamāpattivacaneneva sotāpannādīnampi phalasamāpattisamāpajjanaṃ siddhaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tasmā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para861"></a><span class="paranum">861</span>. Payojanampi tadatthāya paṭipattiyā kāraṇaṃ hoti tannimittaṃ paṭipajjanatoti <span class="bld">‘‘kasmā samāpajjantī’’</span>ti kāraṇaṃ pucchitvā <span class="bld">‘‘diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārattha’’</span>nti payojanaṃ vissajjitaṃ. <span class="bld">Kasmā</span>ti vā sampadāne nissakkavacanaṃ, kissāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārattha</span>nti diṭṭheva dhamme kilesadarathapariḷāhavūpasamena santena sukhavihārena viharaṇatthaṃ. Satipi vipākabhāve parikammena vinā anuppajjanato phalasamāpattidhammānaṃ tassa tassa ariyassa rucivaseneva pavatti, yato nesaṃ sādhipatitāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘addhāna…pe… samāpajjantī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para862"></a><span class="paranum">862</span>. <span class="bld">Dvīhi ākārehī</span>ti dvīhi kāraṇehi. Yathā hi lokiyajjhānānaṃ samadhigamo sampayogasamaṅgibhāvena sijjhamāno pahānaṅgasamatikkamamukhena vuccati tathā samadhigantabbattā, evaṃ phalasamāpattipi nibbānamanasikārena sijjhamānā tadaññārammaṇāmanasikāramukhena vuccati sabbasaṅkhārato vinivaṭṭitamānasatāvasena samijjhanato. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘nibbānato’’</span>tiādi. Udayabbayañāṇādiñāṇaparamparavasena hi sabbaphalacittaṃ saṅkhārato sabbaso nibbinnavirattacittassa tato vinissaṭanibbānārammaṇaṃ pavattati. Evaṃ pavattamānañca taṃ <span class="bld">nibbānato aññassa ārammaṇassa amanasikārā, nibbānassa ca manasikārā</span> pavattatīti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Animittāya</span> <a name="M2.0518"></a> <span class="bld">cetovimuttiyā</span>ti animittavimokkhadvayāya phalasamāpattiyā, aniccānupassanāmukhena <a name="V2.0487"></a> vā samāpajjitabbāya phalasamāpattiyā. <span class="bld">Samāpattiyā</span>ti samāpajjanatthāya. <span class="bld">Sabbanimittāna</span>nti rūpādisabbasaṅkhāranimittānaṃ. <span class="bld">Amanasikāro</span>ti ādīnavato disvā vissaṭṭhatāya anāvajjanaṃ asamannāhāro. <span class="bld">Animittāya ca dhātuyā manasikāro</span>ti sabbasaṅkhāranimittābhāvato animittāya. Kehici paccayehi na saṅkhatattā ca asaṅkhatāti laddhanāmāya asaṅkhatāya dhātuyā phalasamāpattisahajātena manasikārena manasikaraṇaṃ, tassā vā dhātuyā phalasamāpatticittasaṅkhāte manasikaraṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para863"></a><span class="paranum">863</span>. <span class="bld">Udayabbayādivasenā</span>ti udayabbayabhaṅgabhayatupaṭṭhānādivasena pavattanakānaṃ navannampi ñāṇānaṃ byāpāraṃ vadati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘pavattānupubbavipassanassā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Saṅkhārārammaṇagotrabhuñāṇānantara</span>nti saṅkhārārammaṇassa ‘‘vodāna’’nti laddhanāmassa gotrabhuñāṇassa anantaraṃ. Kasmā panettha gotrabhuñāṇaṃ maggañāṇapurecārikaṃ viya nibbānārammaṇaṃ na hotīti? Phaladhammānaṃ aniyyānikabhāvato. Ariyamaggadhammā eva hi niyyānikā. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘katame dhammā niyyānikā? Cattāro maggā apariyāpannā’’ti (dha. sa. 1295, 1609). Tasmā ekantena niyyānikasabhāvassa ubhatovuṭṭhānabhāvena pavattamānassa maggañāṇassa anantarapaccayabhūtena ñāṇena nimittato vuṭṭhiteneva bhavitabbanti tassa nibbānārammaṇatā yuttā, na pana ariyamaggassa bhāvitattā tassa vipākabhāvena pavattamānānaṃ kilesānaṃ asamucchindanato aniyyānikattā avuṭṭhānasabhāvānaṃ phalañāṇānaṃ purecārikañāṇassa kadācipi nibbānārammaṇatā ubhayattha anulomañāṇānaṃ atulyākārato. Ariyamaggavīthiyañhi anulomañāṇāni anibbiddhapubbānaṃ thūlathūlalobhakkhandhādīnaṃ sātisayaṃ padālanena lokiyañāṇesu ukkaṃsapāramippattāni maggañāṇānuguṇāni uppajjanti. Phalasamāpattivīthiyaṃ pana tāni tena tena maggena tesaṃ tesaṃ kilesānaṃ samucchinnattā tattha kilesavikkhambhane nirussukkāni kevalaṃ ariyānaṃ phalasamāpattisukhasamaṅgibhāvassa parikammamattāni hutvā uppajjantīti na tesaṃ kutoci vuṭṭhānasambhavo, yato nesaṃ pariyosānañāṇaṃ saṅkhāranimittavuṭṭhānato nibbānārammaṇaṃ siyā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evañca <a name="M2.0519"></a> katvā ‘‘sekkhassa attano phalasamāpattivaḷañjanatthāya udayabbayādivasena saṅkhāre sammasantassa vipassanāñāṇānupubbiyā phalameva uppajjati, na maggo’’ti idañca aṭṭhakathāvacanaṃ samatthitaṃ hoti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sekkhassāpi phalameva uppajjati, na maggo’’</span>ti. Nibbānārammaṇe appanajjhānavasena yathāparicchinnakālaṃ nirantaraṃ phalacittasseva pavattanaṃ samāpajjanaṃ <a name="V2.0488"></a> phalasamāpattīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘phalasamāpattivasena nirodhe cittaṃ appetī’’</span>ti. Yadi anupubbavipassanānaṃ vasena phalasamāpattisamāpajjanaṃ, tena nīhārena sekkhassa uparimaggenāpi bhavitabbanti anuyogaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘phalasamāpattininnatāyā’’</span>tiādi. Tena aññoyeva vipassanācāro ariyamaggāvaho, añño phalasamāpattiāvahoti dasseti, svāyaṃ vipassanāya vibhāgo vutto eva. <span class="bld">Ye panā</span>ti abhayagirivāsino sandhāyāha. Te hi maggaphalavipassanāya āloḷetvā vadanti. Teneva hi <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ satī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Arahā paccekabuddho bhavissati</span> yadi itaratthāpi vipassanā tadatthāya saṃvatteyyāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Pāḷivaseneva ca paṭikkhitta</span>nti ‘‘dasa gotrabhudhammā vipassanāvasena uppajjantī’’ti maggatthā phalatthā vipassanā visuṃ katvā pavattapāḷivaseneva tesaṃ vacanaṃ paṭikkhittantipi na gahetabbaṃ, aññathā ‘‘dasa gotrabhudhammā’’ti vacanaṃ virujjheyyāti. <span class="bld">Idameva pana gahetabba</span>nti vuttassevatthassa nigamanaṃ. <span class="bld">Phalañcassā</span>tiādi mahaggatavipākānaṃ viya lokuttaravipākānañca kusalasarikkhatādassanaṃ. Jhānato sarikkhatādassaneneva cettha bojjhaṅgamaggaṅgavasenāpi sarikkhatā dassitāyevāti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para864"></a><span class="paranum">864</span>. <span class="bld">Ṭhitiyā</span>ti pabandhaṭṭhitiyā. Yathāparicchinnakālañhi samāpattiyā pabandhavasenāvaṭṭhānaṃ idha <span class="bld">ṭhitī</span>ti. ‘‘Cande vā sūriye vā ettakaṃ ṭhānaṃ gate vuṭṭhahissāmī’’ti kālāvadhiggahaṇavasena samāpajjanaṃ cittassa abhisaṅkharaṇaṃ <span class="bld">abhisaṅkhāro</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para865"></a><span class="paranum">865</span>. <span class="bld">Sabbānevetānī</span>ti rūpanimittādisabbāneva etāni ekato kāmaṃ na manasi karoti asambhavato. <span class="bld">Sabbasaṅgāhikavasenā</span>ti anavasesapariyādānavasena. Samudāyasaddā hi avayavesupi pavattanti<a name="M2.0520"></a>, avayavabyatirekena ca samudāyo na labbhatīti avayavagatampi kiccaṃ samudāyavasena vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti sabbesaṃ saṅkhāranimittānaṃ ekato manasikārābhāvato. Yasmā bhavaṅgacitte uppanne phalasamāpattito vuṭṭhito nāma hoti, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ bhavaṅgassā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Bhavaṅgassa ārammaṇaṃ</span> nāma kammādi. <span class="bld">Manasi karoto</span>ti bhavaṅgasahagatena manasikārena manasi karoto, taṃ vā ārammaṇaṃ bhavaṅgamanasi karoto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para866"></a><span class="paranum">866</span>. <span class="bld">Phalassa phalameva vā anantaraṃ hoti</span> purimassa purimassa pacchimaṃ pacchimaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhavaṅgaṃ</span> <a name="V2.0489"></a> <span class="bld">vā</span> sabbapacchimassa. <span class="bld">Phalānantaraṃ</span> maggavīthiyaṃ, phalasamāpattiyañca. <span class="bld">‘‘Yena phalena nirodhā vuṭṭhānaṃ hotī’’</span>ti idaṃ phaluppattiyā nirodhā vuṭṭhānabhāvato vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti nirodhāvuṭṭhānabhāvena vuttaṃ anāgāmiphalaṃ vā aggaphalaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Nevasaññānāsaññāyatanānantara</span>nti nevasaññānāsaññāyatanassa kusalassa, kiriyassa vā anantaraṃ satipi sattāhātikkame vijātiyena antarikattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭippassaddhadaratha</span>nti sabbaso passaddhakilesadarathaṃ. <span class="bld">Amatārammaṇa</span>nti nibbānārammaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Subha</span>nti asobhanatāya kilesassāpi abhāvato sobhanaṃ. Taṇhāsaṅkhātaṃ lokāmisaṃ vantaṃ chaḍḍitaṃ etenāti <span class="bld">vantalokāmisaṃ</span>. Vūpasantakilesatāya, susantatāya ca <span class="bld">santaṃ</span>. Yena dhammena yogato samaṇo nāma hoti, tassa ariyamaggasaṅkhātassa sāmaññassa phalanti <span class="bld">sāmaññaphalaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ojavantenā</span>ti sabhāvasampannena. <span class="bld">Sucinā</span>ti kilesāsucivirahato parisuddhena. <span class="bld">Sukhenā</span>ti anuttarasukhena. <span class="bld">Abhisandita</span>nti sabbaso lūkhabhāvāpagamanena sinehitaṃ. <span class="bld">Sātātisātenā</span>ti mahaggatasātato, lokuttarakusalasātato ca ativiya sātena madhurena. Maggasukhatopi hi phalasukhaṃ santataratāya paṇītataraṃ. <span class="bld">Amatena</span> sammoditaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Madhuṃ viyā’’</span>ti iminā sātātisātataṃyeva vibhāveti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tassa ariyassa phalassa rasabhūtaṃ sārabhūtaṃ taṃ sukhaṃ paññaṃ bhāvetvā yasmā paṇḍito vindati paṭilabhatīti yojanā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Nirodhasamāpattikathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para867"></a><span class="paranum">867</span>. <span class="bld">Tatrā</span>ti <a name="M2.0521"></a> tasmiṃ ‘‘nirodhasamāpattiyā samāpajjanasamatthatā’’ti saṃkhittavacane. <span class="bld">Idaṃ</span> sarūpādivasena <span class="bld">pañhākammaṃ. Katthā</span>ti kasmiṃ bhave.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para868"></a><span class="paranum">868</span>. <span class="bld">Anupubbanirodhavasenā</span>ti vipassanānugatā aṭṭha samāpattiyo ārohantena taṃtaṃpaṭipakkhanirodhamukhena tiṇṇaṃ saṅkhārānaṃ anupubbato nirodhavasena. Yathāparicchinnakālaṃ yā cittacetasikānaṃ appavatti, ayaṃ nirodhasamāpattīti attho. <span class="bld">Ke samāpajjanti, ke na samāpajjantī</span>ti <a name="V2.0490"></a> kāmaṃ samāpajjanasamatthā padhānatāya paṭhamaṃ pucchitā, tabbissajjanaṃ pana garubhāvato pacchā vissajjetuṃ asamāpajjanake tāva dassento <span class="bld">‘‘sabbepi…pe… na samāpajjantī’’</span>ti āha yathā ‘‘vāmaṃ muñca, dakkhiṇaṃ gaṇhā’’ti. Tattha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbepī’’</span>ti idaṃ puthujjanādīnaṃ tiṇṇaṃ visesanaṃ. Te hi aṭṭhannaṃ samāpattīnaṃ lābhinopi alābhino viya samādhismiṃ aparipūrakāritāya nirodhaṃ samāpajjituṃ na sakkonti. Kāmacchandādisamucchindanena hi samādhismiṃ paripūrakāritā, na jhānādhigamamattena. <span class="bld">Anāgāmino, arahanto</span>ti ettha sukkhavipassakā ca anāgāmino, sukkhavipassakā ca arahantoti sukkhavipassakasaddo paccekaṃ yojetabbo. Ubhayepi cete satipi vipassanābale samādhibalassa abhāvato nirodhaṃ na samāpajjanti. Anupubbavihārasambhavataññevettha samādhibalaṃ icchitabbaṃ. Purimakā pana tayo satipi samādhibale vipassanābalassa abhāvato, aparipuṇṇattā ca samāpajjituṃ na sakkonti. Aparipuṇṇatā cassa saṅkhārānaṃ na sammā parimadditattā. <span class="bld">Aṭṭha samāpatti…pe… samāpajjantī’’</span>ti vatvā tattha kāraṇaṃ pāḷivaseneva dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘dvīhi balehī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Tayo ca saṅkhārāna</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">tayo</span>ti sāmiatthe paccattavacanaṃ, tiṇṇanti attho. <span class="bld">Ñāṇacariyāhī</span>ti ñāṇappavattīhi. <span class="bld">Nirodhasamāpattiyā</span>ti nirodhasamāpajjanāya ñāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Ayañca sampadā</span>ti ayaṃ baladvayasamannāgamādikā yathāvuttanirodhasamāpattiāvahā sampatti. <span class="bld">Anāgāmikhīṇāsave</span>ti anāgāmino ceva khīṇāsave ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para869"></a><span class="paranum">869</span>. <span class="bld">Samathabala</span>nti kāmacchandādike paccanīkadhamme sametīti samatho, so eva paṭipakkhehi akampiyaṭṭhena balaṃ. Aniccādivasena vividhehi <a name="M2.0522"></a> ākārehi passatīti vipassanā, sā eva vuttanayena balanti <span class="bld">vipassanābalaṃ. Nekkhammavasenā</span>tiādīsu kāmacchandavikkhambhanassa nekkhammasaṅkappassa, alobhapadhānassa vā tathāpavattakusalacittuppādassa vasena cittassa ekaggatāsaṅkhāto yo avikkhepo, taṃ <span class="bld">samathabalaṃ</span>. Byāpādavikkhambhanassa abyāpādavitakkassa, adosapadhānassa vā tathāpavattakusalacittuppādassa vaseneva. Thinamiddhavikkhambhikāya vibhūtaṃ katvā manasikaraṇena upaṭṭhitaālokasaññāya vasena. Uddhaccavikkhambhanassa avikkhepassa samādhānassa vasena. Sakalamicchāvitakkavikkhambhanassa sikhāpattaānāpānassatisiddhapaṭinissaggānupassiassāsapassāsānaṃ vasena cittassa ekaggatāsaṅkhāto yo avikkhepo, taṃ <span class="bld">samathabala</span>nti atthayojanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ <a name="V2.0491"></a> upacārassa jhānassa vasena samathabalaṃ dassetvā idāni taṃ aṭṭhannaṃ samāpattīnaṃ vasena paṭipakkhehi anabhibhavanīyatāya ca balappattivasena dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘paṭhamajjhānenā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">nīvaraṇe</span>ti nīvaraṇanimittaṃ nīvaraṇapaccayā. <span class="bld">Na kampati</span> jhānasamaṅgipuggalo, jhānasampayuttasamādhi vā. So hi visesato idha ‘‘samathabala’’nti adhippeto. Tathā hi <span class="bld">kenaṭṭhena samathabala</span>nti balaṭṭho pucchito. <span class="bld">Uddhacce</span>ti uddhaccanimittaṃ. <span class="bld">Uddhaccasahagatakilese</span>ti uddhaccena sampayuttamohaahirikādikilesahetu. <span class="bld">Khandhe</span>ti uddhaccasampayuttacatukkhandhanimittaṃ. <span class="bld">Na kampatī</span>tiādīni aññamaññavevacanāni. <span class="bld">Kampanaṃ</span> vā ṭhānāpagamo. <span class="bld">Calanaṃ</span> paribbhamanaṃ. <span class="bld">Vedhanaṃ</span> sandhāvanaṃ. <span class="bld">Uddhacce</span> na kampati, uddhaccasahagatakilese na calati, uddhaccasahagatakkhandhe na vedhatīti vā yojetabbaṃ. Uddhaccaggahaṇañcettha samathassa ujupaṭipakkhatāya tadabhibhavena balappattidassanatthaṃ. Tenetaṃ aṭṭhannampi samāpattīnaṃ sādhāraṇato kiccātisayadassanaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Idaṃ samathabala</span>nti yāyaṃ nekkhammādivasena laddhāya cittekaggatāya nīvaraṇādīhi akampanīyatā, tāni ca abhibhavitvā avaṭṭhānaṃ, idaṃ samathabalaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni vipassanābalaṃ niddisanto yasmā vipassanā saṅkhepato sattahi anupassanāhi saṅgahitā, tasmā tato tato samāpattito vuṭṭhāya tāsaṃ vasena anupassanā kātabbā, tattakeneva cettha anupassanākiccaṃ paripuṇṇaṃ hotīti <span class="bld">‘‘aniccānupassanā vipassanābalaṃ…pe… paṭinissaggānupassanā vipassanābala’’</span>nti sarūpato dassetvā puna tā heṭṭhā <a name="M2.0523"></a> vuttanayena visayavibhāgena dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘rūpe aniccānupassanā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Idhāpi paṭipakkhehi anabhibhavanīyatāva balaṭṭhoti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kenaṭṭhena vipassanābala’’</span>ntiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">avijjāyā</span>ti dvādasasu akusalacittuppādesu avijjānimittaṃ. <span class="bld">Avijjāsahagatakilese</span>ti avijjāya sampayuttalobhadosādikilesavatthunimittaṃ. Sesaṃ heṭṭhā vuttanayattā suviññeyyameva. Avijjaggahaṇañcettha vipassanāya ujupaṭipakkhatāya tadabhibhavena balappattidassanatthaṃ. Tenetaṃ sattannampi anupassanānaṃ sādhāraṇato kiccātisayadassanaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Idaṃ vipassanābala</span>nti yāyaṃ aniccānupassanādivasena laddhassa vipassanāñāṇassa niccasaññādinimittaṃ akampanīyatā, tā ca abhibhavitvā avaṭṭhānaṃ, idaṃ vipassanābalaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vitakkavicārā vacīsaṅkhārā</span> vācaṃ saṅkharonti pavattentīti katvā. Tenāha ‘‘pubbe kho, āvuso visākha, vitakketvā vicāretvā pacchā vācaṃ bhindati, tasmā vitakkavicārā vacīsaṅkhāro’’ti <a name="V2.0492"></a> (ma. ni. 1.463; saṃ. ni. 4.348). Te pana dutiyajjhāne vūpasantā hontīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘dutiyajjhānaṃ…pe… paṭippassaddhā hontī’’</span>ti. Kāyena saṅkharīyantīti <span class="bld">kāyasaṅkhārā,</span> assāsapassāsā. Tathā hi vuttaṃ ‘‘assāsapassāsā kho, āvuso visākha, kāyikā ete dhammā kāyappaṭibaddhā, tasmā assāsapassāsā kāyasaṅkhāro’’ti (ma. ni. 1.463; saṃ. ni. 4.348). Te pana yasmā catutthajjhāne vūpasantā honti, tasmā āha <span class="bld">‘‘catutthajjhānaṃ…pe… paṭippassaddhā hontī’’</span>ti. Cittena saṅkharīyantīti <span class="bld">cittasaṅkhārā,</span> saññā vedanā. Tathā hi vuttaṃ ‘‘saññā ca vedanā ca cetasikā ete dhammā cittappaṭibaddhā, tasmā saññā ca vedanā ca cittasaṅkhāro’’ti (saṃ. ni. 1.463; saṃ. ni. 4.348). Te pana yasmā nirodhaṃ samāpannassa vūpasamanti, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘saññāvedayita…pe… paṭippassaddhā hontī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ñāṇacariyāsu vivaṭṭānupassanāggahaṇeneva tassa ādibhūtā sesānupassanāpi gahitāva honti tadavinābhāvato. <span class="bld">Maggo ñāṇacariyā, phalasamāpatti ñāṇacariyā</span>ti maggaphalasamāpattīnaṃ ñāṇacariyābhāvavacanaṃ maggaphaladhammānaṃ ñāṇapadhānattā, ñāṇena vā indriyādhipatihetumaggapaccayādivasena sātisayapaccayabhūtena sesā maggaphaladhammā caritā pavattitāti katvā tathā vuttaṃ. Samādhicariyāsupi eseva nayo<a name="M2.0524"></a>. <span class="bld">Imāhi soḷasahī</span>ti aṭṭhannaṃ anupassanānaṃ, aṭṭhannañca maggaphalañāṇānaṃ vasena imāhi soḷasahi ñāṇapavattīhi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Navahi samādhicariyāhī</span>ti aṭṭha samāpattiyo aṭṭha samādhicariyā, tāsaṃ upacārasamādhi upacārasamādhibhāvanāsāmaññena ekā samādhicariyāti evaṃ navahi samādhicariyāhi. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘paṭhamajjhānaṃ samādhicariyā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Paṭhamajjhānapaṭilābhatthāya vitakko cā</span>tiādi nānāvajjanupacāravasena vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ, uparisamāpattīnampi upacārassa tatheva vuttattā. Na hi ekāvajjane catutthajjhānādiupacāre pītiādayo sambhavanti. Ettha ca ‘‘paṭhamajjhānapaṭilābhatthāyā’’tiādivacanena upacārasamādhissāpi pāripūrī icchitabbāti dasseti. Kiṃ panettha samathabalasamādhicariyānaṃ nānattaṃ, kiṃ vā vipassanābalalokiyañāṇacariyānaṃ? Yathā samathabalepi ‘‘nekkhammavasenā’’tiādinā upacārasamādhinā saddhiṃ aṭṭhasu samāpattīsu appanāsamādhiyeva vutto, tathā samādhicariyāsu, vipassanābalalokiyañāṇacariyāsu ca vipassanāva vuttāti? Kiñcāpi vuttā, vivaṭṭānupassanā pana purecarañāṇādivipassanābale avuttā <a name="V2.0493"></a> eva ñāṇacariyāsu vuttā. Apica paṭipakkhehi akampiyaṭṭho <span class="bld">balaṭṭho,</span> pañcannaṃ vasībhāvānaṃ vasena suciṇṇatā <span class="bld">cariyaṭṭho,</span> eteneva samathabalasamādhicariyānampi nānattaṃ saṃvaṇṇitanti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vasībhāvatā paññā</span>ti ettha vaso etassa atthīti vasī, tassa bhāvo vasībhāvo, sā eva vasībhāvatā. <span class="bld">‘‘Vasiyo’’</span>ti pana pāḷiyaṃ itthiliṅgavasena vuttattā tāyo dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vasīti pañca vasiyo’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha jhānaṃ āvajjantassa nirantaraṃ jhānaṅgesu cittappavattanasamatthatā <span class="bld">āvajjanavasī</span>. Samāpajjitukāmassa sīghaṃ jhānaṃ samāpajjanasamatthatā <span class="bld">samāpajjanavasī</span>. Accharāmattaṃ vā katipayaccharāmattaṃ vā khaṇaṃ jhānaṃ ṭhapetuṃ samatthatā <span class="bld">adhiṭṭhānavasī</span>. Tatheva lahuṃ vuṭṭhātuṃ samatthatā <span class="bld">vuṭṭhānavasī. Paccavekkhaṇavasī</span> pana āvajjanavasiyā eva sijjhati. Paccavekkhaṇajavanāneva hi tattha āvajjanānantarānīti. Ayamettha saṅkhepo, vitthāro pana heṭṭhā āgato eva. Ayañca vasībhāvo samādhicariyānaṃ vasena vutto. Ñāṇacariyāsu pana lokuttarānaṃ ñāṇacariyānaṃ vasībhāvāpādanakiccaṃ nāma natthi. Paṭipakkhassa suvihatattā sabhāvasiddho tattha <a name="M2.0525"></a> vasībhāvo, lokiyānaṃ pana paguṇabalavabhāvāpādanena vasībhāvo labbhateva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para870"></a><span class="paranum">870</span>. <span class="bld">Ukkaṭṭhaniddeso</span>ti anavasesaniddeso. <span class="bld">Cuddasahi ñāṇacariyāhi hoti</span> aggamaggaphalānaṃ anadhigatattāti. <span class="bld">Yadi eva</span>nti yadi ukkaṭṭhaniddesavasena ‘‘soḷasahi ñāṇacariyāhī’’ti vuttaṃ, tato avakaṃsavasenapi icchitabbaṃ, <span class="bld">evaṃ</span> sante <span class="bld">kiṃ na hoti</span> nirodhasamāpajjananti adhippāyo. Pañca kāmaguṇā vatthubhūtā etassa santīti <span class="bld">pañcakāmaguṇiko,</span> kāmarāgo. <span class="bld">Appahīnattā</span> asamucchinnattā. Na hi kāmarāgassa vikkhambhanappahānamattaṃ nirodhassa adhiṭṭhānaṃ bhavituṃ sakkoti. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti samādhipāripanthikassa kāmarāgassa supahīnattā. Etena kāmaṃ maggaphalañāṇacariyā lokiyañāṇasamādhicariyā viya nirodhasamāpajjane sarūpena na viniyujjanti tadā appavattanato, tassa tassa pana paṭipakkhassa samucchindanena balacariyānaṃ visesapaccayatāya nirodhasamāpattiyā adhiṭṭhānaṃ hotīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Esā</span>ti anāgāmī. Idañhi ‘‘nirodhā vuṭṭhahantassā’’tiādivacanaṃ anāgāminova nirodhā vuṭṭhānaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ ‘‘nevasaññānāsaññāyatanakusala’’nti (paṭṭhā. 1.1.417) vacanato, aññathā ‘‘nevasaññānāsaññāyatanakiriyā’’ti (paṭṭhā. 1.1.417) vucceyya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para871"></a><span class="paranum">871</span>. <span class="bld">‘‘Pañcavokārabhave’’</span>ti <a name="V2.0494"></a> kasmā vuttaṃ, nanu catuvokārabhavepi arūpajjhānavasena yathārahaṃ anupubbasamāpatti labbhatīti? Kāmaṃ labbhati, sā pana ‘‘anupubbasamāpattī’’ti na vuccati ekadesabhāvato. Aṭṭhasamāpattivaseneva ca ‘‘anupubbasamāpattī’’ti vuccatīti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘paṭhamajjhānādīnaṃ uppatti natthī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Vatthussa abhāvā</span>ti hadayavatthuno abhāvāti vadanti, karajakāyasaṅkhātassa pana vatthuno abhāvāti attho. Yadi hi āruppe nirodhaṃ samāpajjeyya, cittacetasikānaṃ, aññassa ca kassaci abhāvato apaññattikova bhaveyya anupādisesāya nibbānadhātuyā parinibbutasadiso. Kiñcāyaṃ upādāya nirodhaṃ samāpannoti vucceyya, kiṃ vā etāya vatthucintāya. Aṅgavekallatova natthi āruppe nirodhasamāpattisamāpajjanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para872"></a><span class="paranum">872</span>. <span class="bld">Saṅkhārānaṃ</span> <a name="M2.0526"></a> <span class="bld">pavattibhede</span>ti saṅkhatadhammānaṃ khaṇe khaṇe uppajjane, bhijjane ca, tesaṃ vā kusalādibhedabhinne yathārahaṃ tīhi dukkhatāhi upaddute pavattivibhāge. Cittacetasikavigamehi rūpadhammesu labbhamānāpi saṅkhāradukkhatā abbohārikataṃ āpajjati. <span class="bld">Ukkaṇṭhitvā</span>ti nibbinditvā. <span class="bld">Nibbānaṃ patvā</span>ti anupādisesanibbānaṃ patvā viya. <span class="bld">Sukha</span>nti niddukkhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para873"></a><span class="paranum">873</span>. <span class="bld">Samathavipassanāvasenā</span>ti yuganaddhānaṃ viya aññamaññūpakāritāya sahitānaṃ vasena. <span class="bld">Ussakkitvā</span>ti ukkaṃsaṃ patvā yāva nevasaññānāsaññāyatanā, yāva ca anulomañāṇā āruhitvā. <span class="bld">Nirodhayato</span>ti nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ samāpajjitvā taṃ nirodhentassa. Aññassa kassacipi cittassa anuppajjanena <span class="bld">evamassā</span> nirodhasamāpattiyā <span class="bld">samāpajjanaṃ hoti. ‘‘Yo hī’’</span>tiādinā ‘‘samathavipassanāvasenā’’ti vuttamevatthaṃ byatirekamukhena vivarati. <span class="bld">Nevasaññānāsaññāyatanasamāpattiṃ patvā tiṭṭhati</span> taduddhaṃ suddhasamathavipassanāya abhāvato. <span class="bld">Yo vipassanāvaseneva ussakkati</span> sace ariyo phalasamāpattatthiko, so attano <span class="bld">phalasamāpattiṃ patvā tiṭṭhati</span>. Atha puthujjano, sekho vā maggatthiko tāya ce vipassanāya maggaṃ patvā phale ṭhito, sopi phalasamāpattiṃ patvā tiṭṭhaticceva vuccati. <span class="bld">So</span>ti ubhayavasena paṭipanno. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti nirodhasamāpattiṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para874"></a><span class="paranum">874</span>. Yena phaladvayasamannāgamādinā nirodhaṃ samāpajjituṃ samattho hoti, so vidhi pageva vibhāvitoti samāpajjanākārameva dassento <span class="bld">‘‘katabhattakicco’’</span>tiādimāha. Tañhi sabbāsampi <a name="V2.0495"></a> bhāvanānaṃ sādhāraṇaṃ pubbakiccaṃ. <span class="bld">Tattha saṅkhāre</span>ti tasmiṃ paṭhamajjhāne, paṭhamajjhānacittuppāde vā saṅkhāre.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Vipassatī’’ti vuttaṃ, kīdisī panettha vipassanā icchitabbāti taṃ niddhāraṇatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vipassanā panesā’’</span>tiādinā tameva vipassanaṃ tidhā bhinditvā dasseti. <span class="bld">Mandā</span> ce vipassanā, dandhābhiññaṃ maggaṃ sādheti. <span class="bld">Tikkhā</span> ce, khippābhiññanti ayaṃ mandatikkhatāya viseso. Lakkhaṇappattā pana vipassanā maggassa paccayo hotiyevāti imamatthaṃ dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘saṅkhāra…pe… hotiyevā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tikkhāva vaṭṭati</span> saṅkhārārammaṇepi sati sabbasaṅkhārehi vivaṭṭanākāreneva pavattanato, maggo viya visaṅkhāragatassa phalassa <a name="M2.0527"></a> paccayabhāvato ca. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘maggabhāvanāsadisā’’</span>ti. Yasmā atimandā samathādikā saṅkhārānaṃ nirodhane asamatthā samathaniṭṭhā hoti, atitikkhā ñāṇādikā sātisayaṃ saṅkhāresu dosadassane phalasamāpattiniṭṭhā hoti, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘nātimandanātitikkhā vaṭṭatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Esa</span> nirodhasamāpajjanako. <span class="bld">Te saṅkhāre</span>ti te paṭhamajjhānasaṅkhāre.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Tathevā’’</span>ti iminā ‘‘nātimandāya nātitikkhāyā’’ti imamatthaṃ ākaḍḍhati. Esa nayo sesesupi. ‘‘Ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhāya tattha saṅkhāre tatheva vipassatī’’ti vattabbaṃ, heṭṭhā vuttanayattā pana taṃ avatvā <span class="bld">‘‘catubbidhaṃ pubbakiccaṃ karoti’’</span>cceva vuttanti keci, taṃ tesaṃ matimattaṃ. Vipassanācārato hi samādhicāro, tasmā samāpattito vuṭṭhāya pubbakiccaṃ kātabbaṃ. Tathā hi paratopi ‘‘ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhāya imaṃ pubbakiccaṃ katvā’’tiādiṃ (visuddhi. 2.879) vakkhati, na pana ‘‘tattha saṅkhāre tatheva vipassitvā’’ti. <span class="bld">Nānābaddhaavikopana</span>nti attanā asambaddhassa parikkhārassa avināsanaṃ. Yathā taṃ na vinassati, tathā adhiṭṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṅghapaṭimānana</span>nti saṅghassa paṭimānanāvajjanaṃ. <span class="bld">Satthupakkosana</span>nti satthu pakkosanāvajjanaṃ. <span class="bld">Addhānapariccheda</span>nti jīvitaddhānaparicchedaṃ pubbakiccaṃ karotīti sambandho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para875"></a><span class="paranum">875</span>. <span class="bld">Adhiṭṭhātabba</span>nti cittaṃ uppādetabbaṃ. Tathā cittuppādanameva hettha adhiṭṭhānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Cittajarūpādīnaṃ anuppajjanato, pacchājātapaccayādiupatthambhābhāvato ca sattāhameva tathā sarīraṃ <a name="V2.0496"></a> pavattati, tato paraṃ kilamatīti sattāhameva paricchinditvā nirodhaṃ samāpajjantīti vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samāpattivasenevā</span>ti nirodhasamāpattivaseneva. <span class="bld">Naṃ</span> aggiādiantarāyaṃ <span class="bld">rakkhati</span> samāpannako adhiṭṭhānavasenāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Āyasmato sañjīvassā</span>tiādīsu yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ heṭṭhā <span class="bld">iddhikathāyaṃ</span> (visuddhi. 2.374) vuttameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para876"></a><span class="paranum">876</span>. <span class="bld">Etassā</span>ti <a name="M2.0528"></a> nirodhaṃ samāpajjantassa, nirodhasamāpajjanassa vā. <span class="bld">Tasmiṃ samaye</span>ti tasmiṃ tassa bhikkhuno upasaṅkamanasamaye vuṭṭhātiyeva. Kālaparicchedasadisañhetaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evaṃ garukā</span>ti aggiādīhipi anabhibhavanīyaṃ nirodhaṃ samāpannaṃ samāpattito vuṭṭhāpanato evaṃ garukā hi <span class="bld">saṅghassa āṇā nāma,</span> tasmā attano hitasukhaṃ ākaṅkhantena jīvitahetupi saṅghassa āṇā na atikkamitabbāti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para877"></a><span class="paranum">877</span>. <span class="bld">Na pakkosati</span> ‘‘satthā taṃ, āvuso, āmantetī’’ti. ‘‘Vuṭṭhahissāmī’’ti āvajjitabbanti sambandho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para878"></a><span class="paranum">878</span>. <span class="bld">Jīvitaddhānassā</span>ti attano jīvitakālassa jīvitappavattiyā. Āyu eva <span class="bld">āyusaṅkhārā</span>. ‘‘Āyuusmāviññāṇānī’’ti ca vadanti, te cassa pakaticittasseva ārammaṇaṃ honti. <span class="bld">Antonirodhe</span> maraṇaṃ natthi carimabhavaṅgena mīyanato. <span class="bld">Āvajjitvāva samāpajjitabbaṃ</span> ‘‘sahasā maraṇaṃ mā ahosī’’ti. Sahasā hi maraṇe aññabyākaraṇabhikkhuovādadānasāsanānubhāvadīpanānaṃ anissaro siyā, anāgāmino vā aggamaggānadhigamo siyā. <span class="bld">Avasesa</span>nti nānābaddhaavikopanāditividhampi pubbakiccaṃ. <span class="bld">Vuttaṃ</span> aṭṭhakathāyaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para879"></a><span class="paranum">879</span>. Kiñcāpi ‘‘ekaṃ vā dve vā’’ti aniyametvā viya vuttaṃ, dve vāre eva pana niyamato vadanti. <span class="bld">Cittavāre</span>ti nevasaññānāsaññāyatanacittavāre. <span class="bld">Nirodhaṃ phusatī</span>ti acittakabhāvamevāha. <span class="bld">Nirodhassa payogattā</span>ti cittanirodhāya payogabhāvato, baladvayasambharaṇādipayogassa cittanirodhattāti attho. Samathavipassanābalasamannāgamo, ñāṇasamādhicariyāvasībhāvo cettha <a name="V2.0497"></a> aññamaññānativattanavaseneva icchitabboti āha <span class="bld">‘‘dve samathavipassanādhamme yuganaddhe katvā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Anupubbanirodhassa payogo</span>ti paṭhamajjhānādīnaṃ, tadanupassanānañca anupubbato nirodhanassāyaṃ payogo. <span class="bld">Idaṃ</span> vuttanayena <span class="bld">aṭṭhasamāpattiārohanaṃ na nevasaññānāsaññāyatanasamāpattiyā</span> samāpajjanassa. Tasmā dvinnaṃ cittānaṃ upari cittāni na pavattantīti yojanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Parato</span> <a name="M2.0529"></a> <span class="bld">acittako bhavituṃ na sakkotī</span>ti sakalaṃ yathāparicchinnakālaṃ acittako bhavituṃ na sakkoti. Tañca kho saṅghapaṭimānanasatthupakkosanaaddhānaparicchedāvajjanānaṃ akaraṇena, na nānābaddhaavikopanassa. Tassa hi akaraṇena kadāci kevalaṃ tādisassa parikkhārassa avināso na siyā, na nirodhasamāpattivibandho. Ayañca attho <span class="bld">mahānāgattheravatthunā</span> vibhāvito eva. Evaṃ sante tīhi ākārehi nirodhasamāpattiyā vuṭṭhānaṃ hotīti āpajjati, tasmā taṃ na sārato paccetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭinivattitvā puna ākiñcaññāyataneyeva patiṭṭhātī</span>ti iminā samāpattiyā vibandhe jāte evaṃ hotīti dasseti, avibandheneva pana yathāparicchinnakālavītikkamane phalacittuppattiyā vuṭṭhānaṃ hoti. Evañca katvā gambhīrakandaroruḷhatattapāsāṇakkantapurisanidassanampi samatthitaṃ hotīti keci vadanti. Apare pana ‘‘pubbakiccassa akatattā nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ samāpannamattova ‘paṭinivattitvā ākiñcaññāyatane patiṭṭhātī’ti vuttattā saṅghapaṭimānanādiekaccapubbakiccākaraṇe aṅgavekallato nirodhasamāpattisamāpajjanaṃ na ijjhatevā’’ti vadanti. Vattasadisañhetaṃ nirodhasamāpattiyā, yadidaṃ pubbakiccakaraṇaṃ. Tasmā tattha yaṃ garutaraṃ, tassa akaraṇaṃ samāpajjanaṃ vibandhatīti apare. Vīmaṃsitvā gahetabbaṃ. ‘‘Ākiñcaññāyatane patiṭṭhātī’’ti ca idaṃ puna ākiñcaññāyatanassa samāpajjitabbattā vuttaṃ. Samāpajjitvā hi vuṭṭhāya pubbakiccassa kātabbattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yathā panā</span>tiādi katapubbakiccatāsāmaññena upamāsaṃsandanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para880"></a><span class="paranum">880</span>. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti nirodhasamāpattiyā. <span class="bld">‘‘Kālaparicchedavasenā’’</span>tiādinā catūhi ākārehi nirodhasamāpattiyā ṭhānaṃ dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para882"></a><span class="paranum">882</span>. <span class="bld">Vivekaninna</span>nti <a name="V2.0498"></a> nissaraṇavivekaninnaṃ, pageva saṅkhāravimukhatāya, phalacittuppattiyā cāti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para883"></a><span class="paranum">883</span>. Ūsaṅkhārattayapaṭippassaddhiyā, avasesacetasikaviññāṇābhāvena rūpadhammamattāvasesatāya ca matanirodhasamāpannānaṃ avisesaṃ gahetvā pucchā <span class="bld">‘‘matassa ca samāpannassa ca ko viseso’’</span>ti. Kāmaṃ nesaṃ saṅkhārattayapaṭippassaddhiādīhi <a name="M2.0530"></a> aviseso, rūpadhammamattāvasesatāya pana āyuusmāindriyānaṃ apagamānapagamanaṃ visesoti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yvāya’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para884"></a><span class="paranum">884</span>. <span class="bld">Sabhāvato</span>ti sabhāvadhammato, paramatthatoti attho. Paramatthato hi vijjamānānaṃ saṅkhatādibhāvena vattabbataṃ labhati, na avijjamānaṃ. <span class="bld">Samāpajjantassa vasenā</span>ti yasmā samāpajjantassa ariyapuggalassa samathavipassanādhamme yuganaddhe katvā aṭṭha samāpattiyo ārohantassa anukkamena saṅkhārānaṃ paṭippassambhanapayoganibbattiyā nirodhasamāpatti nipphannā nāma hoti, tasmā taṃ payoganibbattiṃ upādāya <span class="bld">‘‘nipphannā’’ti vattuṃ vaṭṭati</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Saṅkhāravūpasamato, santadhammasamanvayato ca <span class="bld">santaṃ</span>. Ariyehi eva nisevitabbattā <span class="bld">ariyanisevitaṃ</span>. Tissannampi dukkhatānaṃ nibbutabhāvato <span class="bld">nibbānamiti saṅkhaṃ upāgataṃ. Ariyaṃ pañña</span>nti suvisuddhaṃ maggaphalapaññaṃ. <span class="bld">Imissāpī</span>ti nirodhasamāpattiyā. <span class="bld">Samāpattisamatthatā</span>ti samāpajjanasamatthatā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Āhuneyyabhāvādisiddhikathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para885"></a><span class="paranum">885</span>. <span class="bld">Āhuneyyabhāvādisiddhī</span>ti āhuneyyapāhuneyyadakkhiṇeyyaañjalikaraṇīyaanuttarapuññakkhettabhāvasiddhi. <span class="bld">Avisesenā</span>ti dassanamaggapaññādivisesena vinā, <span class="bld">etissā</span> lokuttarapaññāya. Ānetvā hunitabbanti āhunaṃ, dūratopi ānetvā dātabbadānaṃ, taṃ paṭiggahetuṃ yuttoti <span class="bld">āhuneyyo</span>. Pāhunaṃ vuccati āgantukadānaṃ, taṃ paṭiggahetuṃ yuttoti <span class="bld">pāhuneyyo</span>. Dakkhiṇaṃ arahatīti <span class="bld">dakkhiṇeyyo,</span> añjalikaraṇaṃ añjalikammaṃ, taṃ arahatīti <span class="bld">añjalikaraṇīyo</span>. Anuttaraṃ uttamaṃ sattānaṃ puññaviruhanaṭṭhānanti <span class="bld">anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassā</span>ti ayamettha saṅkhepo. Vitthāro pana heṭṭhā vuttoyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para886"></a><span class="paranum">886</span>. <span class="bld">Mandāya</span> <a name="V2.0499"></a> <span class="bld">vipassanāya āgato</span>ti atikkhāya vipassanāya vasena paṭhamamaggapaññaṃ bhāvetvā sotāpannabhāvaṃ āgato. Saddhādīnaṃ mudūnaṃ indriyānaṃ vasena <span class="bld">mudindriyopi</span> samāno. <span class="bld">Sattakkhattuparamo</span>ti sattakkhattuṃ paramā bhavūpapatti attabhāvaggahaṇaṃ, tato paraṃ aṭṭhamaṃ bhavaṃ nādiyatīti <a name="M2.0531"></a> sattakkhattuparamo. <span class="bld">Saṃsaritvā</span>ti paṭisandhiggahaṇavasena aparāparaṃ gantvā. <span class="bld">Dukkhassantaṃ karotī</span>ti vaṭṭadukkhassa pariyantaṃ pariyosānaṃ karoti. Ayaṃ kālena devalokassa, kālena manussalokassāti missakassa bhavassa vasena <span class="bld">‘‘sattasugatibhave saṃsaritvā’’</span>ti vutto. Kulato kulaṃ gacchatīti <span class="bld">kolaṃkolo</span>. Sotāpattiphalasacchikiriyato paṭṭhāya hi nīcakule upapatti nāma natthi, mahābhogakulesuyeva nibbattatīti attho. <span class="bld">Dve vā tīṇi vā kulānī</span>ti devamanussavasena dve vā tayo vā bhave. Iti ayampi missakabhaveneva kathito. Desanāmattameva cetaṃ ‘‘dve vā tīṇi vā’’ti. Yāva chaṭṭhabhavā saṃsarantopi kolaṃkolova hoti. Attabhāvaggahaṇasaṅkhātaṃ ekaṃyeva khandhabījaṃ etassa atthīti <span class="bld">ekabījī. ‘‘Mānusakaṃ bhava’’</span>nti idampi desanāmattaṃ. ‘‘Devabhavaṃ nibbattetī’’tipi vattuṃ vaṭṭatiyeva. Ko panetesaṃ imaṃ pabhedaṃ niyametīti? Tiṇṇaṃ maggānaṃ vipassanā. Sace hi upari tiṇṇaṃ maggānaṃ vipassanā balavatī hoti, ekabījī nāma hoti. Tato mandāya kolaṃkolo, tato mandatarāya sattakkhattuparamo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para887"></a><span class="paranum">887</span>. Paṭisandhivasena sakiṃ āgacchatīti sakadāgāmī. <span class="bld">Sakidevā</span>ti ekavāraṃyeva. <span class="bld">‘‘Imaṃ lokaṃ āgantvā’’</span>ti iminā pañcasu sakadāgāmīsu cattāro vajjetvā ekova gahito. Ekacco hi idha sakadāgāmiphalaṃ patvā idheva parinibbāti, ekacco idha patvā devaloke parinibbāti, ekacco devaloke patvā tattheva parinibbāti, ekacco devaloke patvā idhūpapajjitvā parinibbāti. Ime cattāropi idha na gahitā. Yo pana idha patvā devaloke yāvatāyukaṃ vasitvā puna idhūpapajjitvā parinibbāti, ayaṃ idha gahito.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para888"></a><span class="paranum">888</span>. Paṭisandhivasena idha anāgamanato <span class="bld">anāgāmī. Indriyavemattatāvasenā</span>ti saddhādīnaṃ vimuttiparipācakaindriyānaṃ paropariyattena. <span class="bld">Pañcadhā idha vihāya niṭṭho hotī</span>ti so anāgāmī antarāparinibbāyiādibhāvena pañcapakārena imaṃ lokaṃ pajahitvā parinibbāyanako hoti. Āyuvemajjhassa antarāyeva kilesaparinibbānena parinibbāyanato <span class="bld">antarāparinibbāyī</span><a name="M2.0532"></a>. <span class="bld">Upahaccā</span>ti vā upagantvā kālakiriyaṃ. <span class="bld">Appayogenā</span>ti adhimattapayogena vinā appakasireneva tikkhindriyatāya <a name="V2.0500"></a> sukheneva. <span class="bld">Sappayogenā</span>ti ettha vuttavipariyāyena attho veditabbo. Uddhaṃ vā hi bhāvena uddhamassa taṇhāsotaṃ, vaṭṭasotaṃ vāti <span class="bld">uddhaṃsoto</span>. Uddhaṃ vā gantvā paṭilabhitabbato uddhamassa maggasotanti <span class="bld">uddhaṃsoto</span>. Paṭisandhivasena akaniṭṭhabhavaṃ gacchatīti <span class="bld">akaniṭṭhagāmī</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yatthupapanno</span>ti avihādīsu yattha yattha upapanno. Imesaṃ pana anāgāmīnaṃ pabhedajānanatthaṃ uddhaṃsotaakaniṭṭhagāmicatukkaṃ veditabbaṃ – yo hi avihato paṭṭhāya cattāro devaloke sodhetvā akaniṭṭhaṃ gantvā parinibbāti, ayaṃ <span class="bld">uddhaṃsoto akaniṭṭhagāmī</span> nāma. Yo pana heṭṭhā tayo devaloke sodhetvā sudassīdevaloke ṭhatvā parinibbāti, ayaṃ <span class="bld">uddhaṃsoto naakaniṭṭhagāmī</span> nāma. Yo ito akaniṭṭhameva gantvā parinibbāti, ayaṃ <span class="bld">nauddhaṃsoto akaniṭṭhagāmī</span> nāma. Yo pana heṭṭhā catūsu devalokesu tattha tattheva parinibbāti, ayaṃ <span class="bld">nauddhaṃsoto naakaniṭṭhagāmī</span> nāma. Ete pana avihesu upapannasamanantarā āyuvemajjhaṃ appatvā, patvā ca parinibbāyanavasena tayo antarāparinibbāyino, eko upahaccaparinibbāyī, eko uddhaṃsototi pañca. Te asaṅkhārasasaṅkhāraparinibbāyivibhāgena dasa honti. Tathā atappasudassasudassīsūti cattāro dasakā cattālīsaṃ. Akaniṭṭhe pana uddhaṃsoto natthi. Tayo antarāparinibbāyino, eko upahaccaparinibbāyīti cattāro. Te asaṅkhārasasaṅkhāraparinibbāyivibhāgena aṭṭhāti aṭṭhacattālīsaṃ anāgāmino.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sotāpannā pana paṭipadābhedena cattāro sattakkhattuparamā, cattāro kolaṃkolā, cattāro ekabījinoti saddhādhurena paṭipannā dvādasa, tathā paññādhurenāti catuvīsati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sakadāgāmino suññatavimokkhena vimuttā paṭipadāvasena cattāro, tathā animittaappaṇihitavimokkhehīti dvādasa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para889"></a><span class="paranum">889</span>. Tathā arahanto. Te pana dvādasa paññāvimuttā, dvādasa ubhatobhāgavimuttā, dvādasa tevijjā, dvādasa chaḷabhiññā, dvādasa paṭisambhidāppattāti <a name="M2.0533"></a> samasaṭṭhi honti. Evamete saddhiṃ paccekasambuddhasammāsambuddhehi chacattālīsādhikasataṃ ariyā. Yasmā tesaṃ ariyabhāvasiddhi ariyāya paññābhāvanāya, tena vuttaṃ ‘‘āhuneyyabhāvādisiddhipi imissā lokuttarapaññābhāvanāya ānisaṃso’’ti. Lokiyavijjābhiññāhi vināpi ubhatobhāgavimuttatā hotīti <a name="V2.0501"></a> ubhatobhāgavimutto visuṃ gahito. <span class="bld">Yaṃ sandhāya vutta</span>nti yaṃ catutthamaggapaññābhāvanaṃ sandhāya heṭṭhā saṅkhepato gāthāvaṇṇanāyaṃ vuttaṃ, taṃ pana vuttākāraṃ nigamanavasena dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘maggakkhaṇe’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Kāmaṃ catūsupi maggakkhaṇesu taṃ jaṭaṃ vijaṭeti nāma, phalakkhaṇesupi yathārahaṃ vijaṭitajaṭo, aggaphalakkhaṇeyeva pana sabbaso vijaṭitajaṭo, tato paraṃ vijaṭetabbāya jaṭāya abhāvato. Tenettha heṭṭhā heṭṭhimamaggapaññābhāvanānisaṃsassa vuttattāva catutthamaggapaññābhāvanāvasena attho vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rati</span>nti abhiratiṃ, abhirucinti attho. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti ariyāya paññābhāvanāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para890"></a><span class="paranum">890</span>. <span class="bld">Imissā gāthāyā</span>ti imissaṃ gāthāyaṃ. Gāthā hi attano atthabhūtassa visuddhimaggassa ādhārabhāvena vuttā, sāmivacanaṃ vā etaṃ atthassa taṃsambandhibhāvato.</p>
<p class="centered">Paññābhāvanānisaṃsaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti tevīsatimaparicchedavaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Nigamanakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para891"></a><span class="paranum">891</span>. <span class="bld">Imissā</span> <a name="M2.0534"></a> <span class="bld">dāni gāthāyā</span>tiādīnaṃ gāthānaṃ attho heṭṭhā vutto eva. Svāyaṃ ‘‘visuddhimaggaṃ bhāsissa’’nti evaṃ paṭiññāto visuddhimaggo ettāvatā bhāsito hotīti sambandho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para892"></a><span class="paranum">892</span>. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>tiādīsu ayaṃ padasambandhena saddhiṃ saṅkhepattho – <span class="bld">tesaṃ</span> ‘‘sīle patiṭṭhāyā’’tigāthāyaṃ vuttānaṃ sīlādippabhedānaṃ <span class="bld">atthānaṃ pañcannampi</span> mahā<span class="bld">nikāyānaṃ aṭṭhakathānaye</span> aṭṭhakathātantiyaṃ tattha tattha <span class="bld">vutto yo vinicchayo, yebhuyyena taṃ sabbaṃ samāharitvā</span> samānetvā nikāyantarassa nikāyagatavādadosasaṅkarehi <span class="bld">mutto</span> so <span class="bld">nicchayo yasmā pakāsito, tasmā visuddhikāmehi yogīhi etasmiṃ visuddhimagge ādaro karaṇīyo</span>yevāti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Nigamanagāthāyo</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettāvatā <a name="M2.0535"></a><a name="V2.0502"></a> ca –</p>
<p class="gatha1">Suvisuddhasamācāro, visuddhanayamaṇḍitaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast"><span class="bld">Visuddhimaggaṃ</span> lokassa, yadaccantavisuddhiyā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Abhāsi karuṇāvega-samussāhitamānaso;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Mahesi vipulodāta-visuddhimatipāṭavo.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Tassa atthaṃ pakāsetuṃ, kathāmaggaṃ purātanaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Nissāya yā samāraddhā, <span class="bld">atthasaṃvaṇṇanā</span> mayā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Āyācito siddhagāma-pariveṇanivāsinā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Therena <span class="bld">dāṭhanāgena,</span> suddhācārena dhīmatā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Sā esā paramatthānaṃ, tattha tattha yathārahaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Nidhānato <span class="bld">paramattha-mañjūsā</span> nāma nāmato.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Sampattā pariniṭṭhānaṃ, anākulavinicchayā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Aṭṭhāsītippamāṇāya, pāḷiyā bhāṇavārato.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Iti taṃ saṅkharontena, yaṃ taṃ adhigataṃ mayā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Puññaṃ tassānubhāvena, lokanāthassa sāsane.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Ogāhetvā visuddhāya, sīlādipaṭipattiyā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sabbepi dehino hontu, vimuttirasabhāgino.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Ciraṃ <a name="V2.0503"></a> tiṭṭhatu lokasmiṃ, sammāsambuddhasāsanaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tasmiṃ sagāravā niccaṃ, hontu sabbepi pāṇino.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Sammā vassatu kālena, devo rājā mahīpati;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Saddhammanirato lokaṃ, dhammeneva pasāsatūti.</p>
<p class="centered">Badaratitthavihāravāsinā ācariyadhammapālena katā</p>
<p class="centered">Paramatthamañjūsā nāma visuddhimaggamahāṭīkā samattā.</p>
<p class="centered">Visuddhimagga-mahāṭīkā samattā.</p>
</body>